21 161 2116100009 1 001 99 10100202 SO2 42.17 45.92 4.592 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

21 161 2116100009 2 002 99 10100212 SO2 55.39 60.31 6.031 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- ---------- fcid 97.55 106.23 10.623 cyid 97.55 106.23 10.623 stid 202.07 220.04 22.004

STID=27 CYID=61 fcid=2706100004 name=Minnesota Power Inc

- Boswell Energy Ctr Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Cont rol EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

27 61 2706100004 SV003 EU003 001 10100226 SO2 33.99 39.15 16.778 0.3 0.700 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 27 61 27

06100004 SV003 EU003 002 10100501 SO2 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.3 0.700 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- ---------- fcid 33.99 39.15 16.778 cyid 33.99 39.15 16.778

STID=27 CYID=109 fcid=2710900011 name=Rochester Public Utilities

- Silver Lake

Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF c trltype ctrldes

27 109 2710900011 SV003 EU004 001 10100202 SO2 7.86 9.05 1.357 0.0 0.850 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

STID=27 CYID=141 fcid=2714100004 name=NSP

- Sherburne Generating Plant Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid To ns/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

27 141 2714100004 SV001 EU001 001 10100222 SO2 16.76 19.31 4.138 0.3 0.850 SCRUBBER Sc rubber added by LADCO 27 141 2714100004 SV001 EU002 001 10100222 SO2 22.55 25.97 5.565 0.3 0.850 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- ---------- fcid 39.31 45.28 9.703 cyid 39.31 45.28 9.703 stid 81.16 93.48 27.838

STID=39 CYID=13 fcid=0607130015 name=R. E. BURGER PLANT Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

39 13 0607130015 R6 B011 B011P1 10100202 SO2 29.83 32.48 3.248 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 39 13 0607130015 R7 B012 B012P1 10100202 SO2 34.77 37. 86 3.786 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- ---------- fcid 64.60 70.34 7.034 cyid 64.60 70.34 7.034

STID=39 CYID=31 fcid=0616000000 name=CONESVILLE POWER PLANT Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Futur e Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

39 31 0616000000 R4 B004 B004P1 10100212 SO2 316.00 344.11 34.411 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

STID=39 CYID=167 fcid=0684000000 name=MUSKINGUM RIVER POWER PLANT Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes39 167 0684000000 R2 B002 B002P1 10100201 SO2 65.07 70.85 7.085 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 39 167 0684000000 R2 B002 B002P2 10100501 SO2 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 39 167 0684000000 R3 B003 B003P1 10100201 SO2 94.58 103.00 10.300 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBE R Scrubber added by LADCO 39 167 0684000000 R3 B003 B003P2 10100501 SO2 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 39 167 0684000000 R4 B00 4 B004P1 10100203 SO2 81.64 88.90 8.890 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 39 167 0684000000 R4 B004 B004P2 10100501 SO2 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 39 167 0684000000 R5 B005 B005P1 10100203 SO2 97.22 105.87 10.587 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 3 9 167 0684000000 R5 B005 B005P2 10100501 SO2 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 39 167 0684000000 R6 B006 B006P1 10100202 SO 2 113.96 124.10 12.410 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 39 167 0684000000 R6 B006 B006P2 10100501 SO2 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- ---------- fcid 452.48 492.72 49.272 cyid 452.48 492.72 49.272 stid 833.08 907.16 90.716

STID=47 CYID=1 fcid=0009 name=TVA BULL RUN FOSSIL PLANT Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

47 1 0009 S

- 1 001 99 10100212 SO2 130.81 136.82 13.682 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

STID=47 CY ID=73 fcid=0007 name=TVA JOHN SEVIER FOSSIL PLANT Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

47 73 0007 S

- 1A 001 99 10100212 SO2 20.15 21.07 2.107 0.0 0.90 0 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 73 0007 S

- 1B 002 99 10100212 SO2 20.25 21.18 2.118 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 73 0007 S

- 2A 003 99 10100212 SO2 19.62 20.52 2.052 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 73 0007 S

- 2B 004 99 10100212 SO2 18.93 19.8 0 1.980 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- ---------- fcid 78.95 82.57 8.257 cyid 78.95 82.57 8.257

STID=47 CYID=85 fcid=0011 name=TVA JOHNSONVILLE FOSSIL PLANT Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Futur e Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

47 85 0011 S1

- 01 001 99 10100212 SO2 17.06 17.84 1.784 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 85 0011 S1

- 04 004 99 10100212 SO2 19.85 20.76 2.076 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 85 0011 S1

- 05 005 99 10100212 SO2 24.11 25.22 2.522 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- ---------- fcid 61.02 63.82 6.382 cyid 61.02 63.82 6.382

STID=47 CYID=145 fcid=0013 name=TVA KINGSTON FOSSIL PLAN T Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Ton s/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

47 145 0013 S

- 1 001 99 10100202 SO2 12.68 13.26 1.326 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 145 0013 S

- 1 002 99 10100202 SO2 14.00 14.65 1.465 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO47 145 0013 S

- 1 003 99 10100202 SO2 13.80 14.44 1.444 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 145 0013 S

- 1 004 99 10100202 SO2 12.24 12.80 1.280 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 145 0013 S

- 1 005 99 10100202 SO2 19.57 20.47 2.047 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 145 0013 S

- 2 006 99 10100202 SO2 18.92 19.79 1.979 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 145 0013 S

- 2 007 99 10100202 SO2 21.30 22.28 2.228 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 145 0013 S

- 2 008 99 10100202 SO2 18.54 19.39 1.939 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LA DCO 47 145 0013 S

- 2 009 99 10100202 SO2 20.72 21.68 2.168 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- ---------- fcid 151.77 158.75 15.875 cyid 151.77 158.75 15.875

STID=47 CYID=165 fcid=0025 name=TVA GALLATIN FOSSIL PLANT

Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

47 165 0025 S

- 01 001 99 10100212 SO2 13.91 14.54 1.454 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 165 0025 S

- 01 002 99 10100212 SO2 14.87 15.56 1.556 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 165 0025 S

- 02 003 99 10100212 SO2 16.33 17.08 1.708 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 47 165 0025 S

- 02 004 99 10100212 SO2 20.39 21.32 2.132 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

--- - -------- -------- ---------- fcid 65.49 68.50 6.850 cyid 65.49 68.50 6.850 stid 488.04 510.46 51.046

STID=54 CYID=39 fcid=0006 name=APPALACHIAN POWER

- KANAWHA RIVER PLANT

Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

54 39 0006 012 001 99 10100202 SO2 19.45 21.18 10.591 0.0 0.500 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 54 39 0006 012 002 99 10100202 SO2 20.94 22.80 11.399 0.0 0.500 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- --- ------- fcid 40.39 43.98 21.990 cyid 40.39 43.98 21.990

STID=54 CYID=51 fcid=0005 name=OHIO POWER

- MITCHELL PLANT Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

54 51 0005 012 001 99 10100202 SO2 17.77 19.36 1.936 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 54 51 0005 012 002 99 10100202 SO2 5.69 6.19 0.619 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- ---------- fcid 23.46 25.55 2.555

STID=54 CYID=51 fcid=0006 name=OHIO POWER

- KAMMER PLANT Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

54 51 0006 013 001 99 10100203 SO2 47.06 51.25 5.125 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 54 51 0006 013 002 99 10100203 SO2 47.66 51.90 5.190 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 54 51 0006 013 003 99 10100203 SO2 41.94 45.67 4.567 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO---- -------- -------- ----------

fcid 136.67 148.82 14.882 cyid 160.13 174.37 17.437

STID=54 CYID=53 fcid=0001 name=APPALACHIAN POWER CO.

- PHILIP SPORN PLANT Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID C YID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

54 53 0001 014 001 99 10100202 SO2 18.6 5 20.31 2.031 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 54 53 0001 014 002 99 10100202 SO2 15.87 17.28 1.728 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 54 53 0001 014 003 99 10100202 SO2 21.46 23.36 2.336 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 54 53 0001 014 004 99 10100202 SO2 20.53 22.36 2.236 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 54 53 0001 005 005 99 10100202 SO2 46.82 50.98 5.098 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- ---------- fcid 123.33 134.30 13.430

STID=54 CYID=53 fcid=0009 name=APPALACHIAN POWER

- MOUNTAINEER PLANT Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

54 53 0009 001 001 99 10100202 SO2 11.20 12.19 1.219 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- --- ----- -------- ---------- cyid 134.53 146.49 14.649

STID=54 CYID=79 fcid=0006 name=APPALACH IAN POWER

- JOHN E AMOS PLANT Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

54 79 0006 012 001 99 10100202 SO2 79.63 86.72 8.672 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 54 79 0006 012 002 99 10100202 SO2 100.33 109.26 10.926 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 54 79 0006 003 003 99 10100202 SO2 139.38 151.77 15.177 0.0 0.900 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- ---------- fcid 319.35 347.75 34.775 cyid 319.35 347.75 34.775 stid 654.39 712.59 88.851

STID=55 CYID=79 fcid=241007690 name=WIS ELECTRIC POWER OAK CREEK STATION Base Yr Grown Controlled Base Year Future Year STID CYID fcid stkid dvid prid scc polid Tons/Day Tons/Day Tons/Day Control EF Control EF ctrltype ctrldes

55 79 241007690 S13 B25 01 10100202 SO2 12.75 14.48 3.475 0.0 0.760 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 55 79 241007690 S13 B26 01 10100202 SO2 8.68 9.85 2.462 0.0 0.750 SCR UBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 55 79 241007690 S14 B27 01 10100212 SO2 10.97 12.45 2.864 0.0 0.770 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO 55 79 241007690 S14 B28 01 10100212 SO2 11.28 12.81 2.945 0.0 0.770 SCRUBBER Scrubber added by LADCO

---- -------- -------- ------ ---- fcid 43.68 49.59 11.746 cyid 43.68 49.59 11.746 stid 43.68 49.59 11.746

======== ======== ========== 3099.41 3 381.52 400.481

# Appendix II

Scenario C Controls (CAMD List)1 

### NOx Controls (SCRs , 2007

– 2013) )

Plant Name UniqueID_Final State Name County Capacity MW On Line

Year SCR

Online Year
Chesterfield 3797_B_4 Virginia Chesterfield 166 1960 2013
Chesterfield 3797_B_5 Virginia Chesterfield 310 1964 2012
Scherer 6257_B_3 Georgia Monroe 875 1987 2011
Chesterfield 3797_B_6 Virginia Chesterfield 658 1969 2011
Sandow No 4 6648_B_4 Texas Milam 545 1981 2011 Beech Hollow Power Project 82704_B_1 Pennsylvania Washington 272 2011 2011 Longview Power 82702_B_1 West Virginia Monongalia 695 201 1 2011
Cliffside 2721_B_6 North Carolina Cleveland 800 2011 2011
AES Westover 2526_B_11 New York Broome 22 1943 2010
AES Westover 2526_B_12 New York Broome 22 1943 2010
AES Westover 2526_B_13 New York Broome 84 1951 2010
Iatan 2 6065_B_2 Missouri Plat te 850 2010 2010
Southwest 6195_B_2 Missouri Greene 300 2010 2010 Trimble Station (LGE) 6071_B_2 Kentucky Trimble 732 2010 2010 Elm Road Generating Station 56068_B_2 Wisconsin Milwaukee 615 2010 2010 Clay Boswell 1893_B_3 Minnesota Itasca 350 1973 2009
Asheville 2706_B_2 North Carolina Buncombe 184 1971 2009
Conesville 2840_B_4 Ohio Coshocton 780 1973 2009
Marshall 2727_B_3 North Carolina Catawba 657 1969 2009
St Johns River Power Park 207_B_1 Florida Duval 626 1987 2009
Ghent 1356_B_2 Kentucky Car roll 469 1977 2009
Chalk Point LLC 1571_B_1 Maryland Prince George's 341 1964 2009
Chalk Point LLC 1571_B_2 Maryland Prince George's 342 1965 2009
San Juan 2451_B_2 New Mexico San Juan 320 1973 2009 Big Bend 645_B_BB01 Florida Hillsborough 411 1970 200 9 Big Bend 645_B_BB02 Florida Hillsborough 391 1973 2009 Big Bend 645_B_BB03 Florida Hillsborough 414 1976 2009 Nebraska City Unit 2 6096_B_2 Nebraska Otoe 663 2009 2009
Cross 130_B_4 South Carolina Berkeley 652 2009 2009 Springerville 8223_B_4 Arizon a Apache 400 2009 2009
Sandow 5 82010_B_5 Texas Milam 600 2009 2009
Oak Grove 82011_B_1 Texas Robertson 800 2009 2009
Oak Grove 82011_B_2 Texas Robertson 800 2009 2009
TS Power Plant 82013_B_1 Nevada Eureka 200 2009 2009 Plum Point Energy 82014_B_1 Ar kansas Mississippi 665 2009 2009
Comanche 470_B_3 Colorado Pueblo 750 2009 2009 Elm Road Generating Station 56068_B_1 Wisconsin Milwaukee 615 2009 2009 Two Elk Generating Station 55360_B_1 Wyoming Campbell 300 2009 2009 J K Spruce 7097_B_BLR2 Texas Bex ar 750 2009 2009
Dallman 963_B_34 Illinois Sangamon 200 2009 2009 AES Greenidge LLC 2527_B_4 New York Yates 27 1950 2008 AES Greenidge LLC 2527_B_5 New York Yates 27 1950 2008 AES Greenidge LLC 2527_B_6 New York Yates 106 1953 2008
Charles R Lowman 56 _B_2 Alabama Washington 238 1979 2008
Charles R Lowman 56_B_3 Alabama Washington 238 1980 2008 Barry 3_B_5 Alabama Mobile 750 1971 2008
St Johns River Power Park 207_B_2 Florida Duval 626 1988 2008 Morgantown Generating Plant 1573_B_2 Maryland Charles 620 1971 20082

Bailly 995_B_7 Indiana Porter 160 1962 2008
San Juan 2451_B_1 New Mexico San Juan 322 1976 2008
San Juan 2451_B_3 New Mexico San Juan 495 1979 2008
Weston 4078_B_4 Wisconsin Marathon 519 2008 2008 AES Deepwater 10670_B_AAB001 Texas Harri s 140 1986 2007 La Cygne 1241_B_1 Kansas Linn 724 1973 2007 Morgantown Generating Plant 1573_B_1 Maryland Charles 624 1970 2007 PSEG Hudson Generating Station 2403_B_2 New Jersey Hudson 583 1967 2007
San Juan 2451_B_4 New Mexico San Juan 506 1982 2007 Big Bend 645_B_BB04 Florida Hillsborough 457 1985 2007
Cross 130_B_3 South Carolina Berkeley 620 2007 2007 Wygen II 55479_B_4 Wyoming Campbell 90 2007 2007
Council Bluffs 1082_B_4 Iowa Pottawattamie 790 2007 2007



### SO2 Controls (FGDs, 2007

– 2012)

Plan t Name UniqueID_Final State Name County Capacity MW On Line

Year Scrubber

Online Year
James H Miller Jr 6002_B_1 Alabama Jefferson 684 1978 2011
James H Miller Jr 6002_B_2 Alabama Jefferson 687 1985 2011
James H Miller Jr 6002_B_3 Alabama Jefferson 687 1989 2011
James H Miller Jr 6002_B_4 Alabama Jefferson 688 1991 2011 Cape Fear 2708_B_5 North Carolina Chatham 143 1956 2011 Baldwin Energy Complex 889_B_1 Illinois Randolph 624 1970 2011 Baldwin Energy Complex 889_B_2 Illinois Randolph 629 1973 2011 Baldwin Energy Complex 889_B_3 Illinois Randolph 629 1975 2011
Scherer 6257_B_3 Georgia Monroe 875 1987 2011 Milton R Young 2823_B_B1 North Dakota Oliver 250 1970 2011
W H Sammis 2866_B_6 Ohio Jefferson 630 1969 2011
W H Sammis 2866_B_7 Ohio Jefferson 630 1971 2011 PSEG Hudson Generating Station 2403_B_2 New Jersey Hudson 583 1967 2011
John Sevier 3405_B_1 Tennessee Hawkins 176 1955 2011
John Sevier 3405_B_2 Tennessee Hawkins 176 1955 2011
John Sevier 3405_B_3 Tennessee Hawkins 176 1956 2011
John S evier 3405_B_4 Tennessee Hawkins 176 1957 2011 Beech Hollow Power Project 82704_B_1 Pennsylvania Washington 272 2011 2011 Longview Power 82702_B_1 West Virginia Monongalia 695 2011 2011
Cliffside 2721_B_6 North Carolina Cleveland 800 2011 2011
AES Gree nidge LLC 2527_B_4 New York Yates 27 1950 2010 AES Greenidge LLC 2527_B_5 New York Yates 27 1950 2010 Barry 3_B_5 Alabama Mobile 750 1971 2010
E C Gaston 26_B_5 Alabama Shelby 861 1974 2010
Warrick 6705_B_4 Indiana Warrick 300 1970 2010
Coffeen 861_B_ 01 Illinois Montgomery 340 1965 2010
Coffeen 861_B_02 Illinois Montgomery 560 1972 2010
Cardinal 2828_B_3 Ohio Jefferson 630 1977 2010
Brandon Shores 602_B_1 Maryland Anne Arundel 643 1984 2010
Brandon Shores 602_B_2 Maryland Anne Arundel 643 1991 2010
Monroe 1733_B_4 Michigan Monroe 775 1974 2010
Cliffside 2721_B_5 North Carolina Cleveland 550 1972 2010 Crystal River 628_B_4 Florida Citrus 720 1982 2010
Bowen 703_B_1BLR Georgia Bartow 713 1971 20103

Crist 641_B_6 Florida Escambia 302 1970 2010
Cri st 641_B_7 Florida Escambia 477 1973 2010 Clifty Creek 983_B_1 Indiana Jefferson 217 1955 2010 Clifty Creek 983_B_2 Indiana Jefferson 217 1955 2010 Clifty Creek 983_B_3 Indiana Jefferson 217 1955 2010 Clifty Creek 983_B_4 Indiana Jefferson 217 1955 201 0 Clifty Creek 983_B_5 Indiana Jefferson 217 1955 2010 Clifty Creek 983_B_6 Indiana Jefferson 217 1956 2010
Chalk Point LLC 1571_B_1 Maryland Prince George's 341 1964 2010
Chalk Point LLC 1571_B_2 Maryland Prince George's 342 1965 2010
Dickerson 1572_ B_1 Maryland Montgomery 182 1959 2010
Dickerson 1572_B_2 Maryland Montgomery 182 1960 2010
Dickerson 1572_B_3 Maryland Montgomery 182 1962 2010 R E Burger 2864_B_7 Ohio Belmont 156 1955 2010 R E Burger 2864_B_8 Ohio Belmont 156 1955 2010 Kyger Creek 2 876_B_1 Ohio Gallia 217 1955 2010 Kyger Creek 2876_B_2 Ohio Gallia 217 1955 2010 Kyger Creek 2876_B_3 Ohio Gallia 217 1955 2010 Kyger Creek 2876_B_4 Ohio Gallia 217 1955 2010 Kyger Creek 2876_B_5 Ohio Gallia 217 1955 2010
Cheswick 8226_B_1 Pennsylvani a Allegheny 580 1970 2010 PSEG Mercer Generating Station 2408_B_1 New Jersey Mercer 315 1960 2010 PSEG Mercer Generating Station 2408_B_2 New Jersey Mercer 310 1961 2010
Silver Lake 2008_B_4 Minnesota Olmsted 61 1969 2010 Kingston 3407_B_1 Tennessee Ro ane 135 1954 2010 Kingston 3407_B_2 Tennessee Roane 135 1954 2010 Kingston 3407_B_3 Tennessee Roane 135 1954 2010 Kingston 3407_B_4 Tennessee Roane 135 1954 2010 Kingston 3407_B_5 Tennessee Roane 177 1955 2010 Kingston 3407_B_6 Tennessee Roane 177 195 5 2010 Kingston 3407_B_7 Tennessee Roane 177 1955 2010 Kingston 3407_B_8 Tennessee Roane 177 1955 2010 Kingston 3407_B_9 Tennessee Roane 178 1955 2010
Sioux 2107_B_1 Missouri St. Charles 497 1967 2010
Sioux 2107_B_2 Missouri St. Charles 497 1968 2010
Chesterfield 3797_B_5 Virginia Chesterfield 310 1964 2010
Yorktown 3809_B_1 Virginia York 159 1957 2010
AES Westover 2526_B_11 New York Broome 22 1943 2010
AES Westover 2526_B_12 New York Broome 22 1943 2010
AES Westover 2526_B_13 New York Broome 84 1 951 2010
Iatan 2 6065_B_2 Missouri Platte 850 2010 2010
Southwest 6195_B_2 Missouri Greene 300 2010 2010 Trimble Station (LGE) 6071_B_2 Kentucky Trimble 732 2010 2010 Elm Road Generating Station 56068_B_2 Wisconsin Milwaukee 615 2010 2010
Cholla 113_B _3 Arizona Navajo 271 1980 2009 Mayo 6250_B_1A North Carolina Person 362 1983 2009 Mayo 6250_B_1B North Carolina Person 362 1983 2009
Conesville 2840_B_4 Ohio Coshocton 780 1973 2009
G G Allen 2718_B_1 North Carolina Gaston 162 1957 2009
G G Allen 271 8_B_2 North Carolina Gaston 162 1957 2009
G G Allen 2718_B_3 North Carolina Gaston 260 1959 20094

G G Allen 2718_B_4 North Carolina Gaston 275 1960 2009
G G Allen 2718_B_5 North Carolina Gaston 265 1961 2009 H L Spurlock 6041_B_1 Kentucky Mason 315 1977 2009 Crystal River 628_B_5 Florida Citrus 717 1984 2009 Deerhaven Generating Station 663_B_B2 Florida Alachua 228 1981 2009
Bowen 703_B_2BLR Georgia Bartow 718 1972 2009 Wansley 6052_B_2 Georgia Heard 892 1978 2009
E W Brown 1355_B_1 Kentucky Mercer 94 1957 2009
E W Brown 1355_B_2 Kentucky Mercer 160 1963 2009
E W Brown 1355_B_3 Kentucky Mercer 422 1971 2009
Ghent 1356_B_2 Kentucky Carroll 469 1977 2009 Fayette Power Project 6179_B_1 Texas Fayette 598 1979 2009 Fayette Power Project 6179_B_2 Texa s Fayette 598 1980 2009 Morgantown Generating Plant 1573_B_1 Maryland Charles 624 1970 2009 Morgantown Generating Plant 1573_B_2 Maryland Charles 620 1971 2009
PPL Brunner Island 3140_B_1 Pennsylvania York 321 1961 2009
PPL Brunner Island 3140_B_2 Penn sylvania York 378 1965 2009 Keystone 3136_B_1 Pennsylvania Armstrong 850 1967 2009 Keystone 3136_B_2 Pennsylvania Armstrong 850 1968 2009
Bull Run 3396_B_1 Tennessee Anderson 881 1967 2009 Bay Shore 2878_B_4 Ohio Lucas 215 1968 2009 Hatfields Ferry Po wer Station 3179_B_1 Pennsylvania Greene 530 1969 2009 Hatfields Ferry Power Station 3179_B_2 Pennsylvania Greene 530 1970 2009 Hatfields Ferry Power Station 3179_B_3 Pennsylvania Greene 530 1971 2009 Nebraska City Unit 2 6096_B_2 Nebraska Otoe 663 2009 2009
Cross 130_B_4 South Carolina Berkeley 652 2009 2009 Springerville 8223_B_4 Arizona Apache 400 2009 2009
Sandow 5 82010_B_5 Texas Milam 600 2009 2009
Oak Grove 82011_B_1 Texas Robertson 800 2009 2009
Oak Grove 82011_B_2 Texas Robertson 800 2009 2 009
TS Power Plant 82013_B_1 Nevada Eureka 200 2009 2009 Plum Point Energy 82014_B_1 Arkansas Mississippi 665 2009 2009
Comanche 470_B_3 Colorado Pueblo 750 2009 2009 Elm Road Generating Station 56068_B_1 Wisconsin Milwaukee 615 2009 2009
Two Elk Gene rating Station 55360_B_1 Wyoming Campbell 300 2009 2009 J K Spruce 7097_B_BLR2 Texas Bexar 750 2009 2009
Dallman 963_B_34 Illinois Sangamon 200 2009 2009
Charles R Lowman 56_B_1 Alabama Washington 86 1969 2008
John E Amos 3935_B_1 West Virginia Putnam 800 1971 2008
John E Amos 3935_B_2 West Virginia Putnam 800 1972 2008
Cholla 113_B_4 Arizona Navajo 380 1981 2008
Roxboro 2712_B_1 North Carolina Person 369 1966 2008
Roxboro 2712_B_3A North Carolina Person 341 1973 2008
Roxboro 2712_B_3B North Caroli na Person 341 1973 2008
Miami Fort 2832_B_7 Ohio Hamilton 500 1975 2008
Miami Fort 2832_B_8 Ohio Hamilton 500 1978 2008 Cogentrix Virginia Leasing Corp 10071_B_2A Virginia Portsmouth 19 1988 2008 Cogentrix Virginia Leasing Corp 10071_B_2B Virginia Port smouth 19 1988 2008 Cogentrix Virginia Leasing Corp 10071_B_2C Virginia Portsmouth 19 1988 2008
J M Stuart 2850_B_1 Ohio Adams 585 1971 2008
J M Stuart 2850_B_2 Ohio Adams 597 1970 20085

J M Stuart 2850_B_3 Ohio Adams 597 1972 2008
J M Stuart 2850_B_4 Ohio Adams 597 1974 2008
Monroe 1733_B_3 Michigan Monroe 795 1973 2008
Belews Creek 8042_B_1 North Carolina Stokes 1,115 1974 2008
Belews Creek 8042_B_2 North Carolina Stokes 1,115 1975 2008
Bowen 703_B_3BLR Georgia Bartow 902 1974 2008
Bowen 703_B_4B LR Georgia Bartow 929 1975 2008
Hammond 708_B_1 Georgia Floyd 112 1954 2008
Hammond 708_B_2 Georgia Floyd 112 1954 2008
Hammond 708_B_3 Georgia Floyd 112 1955 2008
Hammond 708_B_4 Georgia Floyd 510 1970 2008 Wansley 6052_B_1 Georgia Heard 891 1976 200 8 Harding Street 990_B_70 Indiana Marion 435 1973 2008 Cogentrix Hopewell 10377_B_1A Virginia Hopewell (city) 18 1987 2008 Cogentrix Hopewell 10377_B_1B Virginia Hopewell (city) 18 1987 2008 Cogentrix Hopewell 10377_B_1C Virginia Hopewell (city) 18 198 7 2008
Ghent 1356_B_4 Kentucky Carroll 478 1984 2008
Council Bluffs 1082_B_3 Iowa Pottawattamie 690 1978 2008
PPL Brunner Island 3140_B_3 Pennsylvania York 749 1969 2008
PPL Montour 3149_B_1 Pennsylvania Montour 774 1972 2008
PPL Montour 3149_B_2 Penn sylvania Montour 766 1973 2008
Comanche 470_B_1 Colorado Pueblo 366 1973 2008
Comanche 470_B_2 Colorado Pueblo 370 1975 2008 Cayuga 1001_B_2 Indiana VermilIon 473 1972 2008 Winyah 6249_B_1 South Carolina Georgetown 295 1975 2008 Winyah 6249_B_2 South Carolina Georgetown 295 1977 2008 Winyah 6249_B_3 South Carolina Georgetown 295 1980 2008
Chesterfield 3797_B_6 Virginia Chesterfield 658 1969 2008 Brayton Point 1619_B_1 Massachusetts Bristo 243 1963 2008 Brayton Point 1619_B_2 Massachusetts Bristo 24 4 1964 2008
Weston 4078_B_4 Wisconsin Marathon 519 2008 2008 Gorgas 8_B_10 Alabama Walker 690 1972 2007 Gorgas 8_B_8 Alabama Walker 165 1956 2007 Gorgas 8_B_9 Alabama Walker 175 1958 2007
John E Amos 3935_B_3 West Virginia Putnam 1,300 1973 2007
Moun taineer 6264_B_1 West Virginia Mason 1,300 1980 2007
Cardinal 2828_B_1 Ohio Jefferson 600 1967 2007
Cardinal 2828_B_2 Ohio Jefferson 600 1967 2007
Roxboro 2712_B_2 North Carolina Person 639 1968 2007
Roxboro 2712_B_4A North Carolina Person 343 1980 200 7
Roxboro 2712_B_4B North Carolina Person 343 1980 2007 Cogentrix Virginia Leasing Corp 10071_B_1A Virginia Portsmouth 19 1988 2007 Cogentrix Virginia Leasing Corp 10071_B_1B Virginia Portsmouth 19 1988 2007 Cogentrix Virginia Leasing Corp 10071_B_1C V irginia Portsmouth 19 1988 2007
Killen Station 6031_B_2 Ohio Adams 615 1982 2007
Marshall 2727_B_2 North Carolina Catawba 378 1966 2007
Marshall 2727_B_3 North Carolina Catawba 657 1969 2007 Cogentrix Hopewell 10377_B_2A Virginia Hopewell (city) 18 198 7 2007 Cogentrix Hopewell 10377_B_2B Virginia Hopewell (city) 18 1987 2007 Cogentrix Hopewell 10377_B_2C Virginia Hopewell (city) 18 1987 2007
Ghent 1356_B_3 Kentucky Carroll 478 1981 20076

Louisa 6664_B_101 Iowa Louisa 700 1983 2007 Allen S King 1915_ B_1 Minnesota Washington 571 1968 2007
Mitchell 3948_B_1 West Virginia Marshall 800 1971 2007
Gibson 6113_B_1 Indiana Gibson 630 1975 2007
Gibson 6113_B_2 Indiana Gibson 628 1975 2007 Winyah 6249_B_4 South Carolina Georgetown 270 1981 2007
Pleasant Pr airie 6170_B_2 Wisconsin Kenosha 617 1985 2007
Cross 130_B_3 South Carolina Berkeley 620 2007 2007 Wygen II 55479_B_4 Wyoming Campbell 90 2007 2007
Council Bluffs 1082_B_4 Iowa Pottawattamie 790 2007 2007



### Assumed BART Facilities and Units

State County Fac ID Facilit y Name Unit ID

MI Bay B2840 CE

- KARN/WEADOCK EU00036

MI Bay B2840 CE

- KARN/WEADOCK EU00037

MI Eaton B4001 LAN. BW&L ERICKSON EU00007

MI Houghton B6553 UP POWER CO / PORTAGE EU00008

MI Huron B2815 DTE

- HARBOR BEACH EU00009

MI Ingham B2647 LAN. BW&L Eckert RG00023

MI Ingham B2647 LAN. BW&L Eckert RG00023

MI Ingham B2647 LAN. BW&L Eckert RG00023

MI Ingham B2647 LAN. BW&L Moores Park RG00021

MI Marquette B4261 WE

- ENERGIES EU00029

MI Marquette B4261 WE

- ENERGIES EU00030

MI Marq uette B4261 WE

- ENERGIES EU00031

MI Marquette B4261 WE

- ENERGIES EU00032

MI Marquette B4261 WE

- ENERGIES EU00033

MI Monroe B2816 DTE

- MONROE EU00062

MI Monroe B2816 DTE

- MONROE EU00068

MI Monroe B2816 DTE

- MONROE EU00063

MI Monroe B2816 DTE

- MONROE EU00064

MI Ottawa B2835 CE

– CAMPBELL EU00062

MI Ottawa B2835 CE

– CAMPBELL EU00061

MI Saint Clair B2796 DTE

- ST. CLAIR / BELLE RIVER EU00111

MI Saint Clair B6145 DTE

– GREENWOOD EU00009

MI Wayne B2132 WYANDOTTE EU00036

MI Wayne B2185 DET ROIT PLD, MISTERSKY EU00014

MI Wayne B2811 DTE

– TRENTON EU00035

OH Lake 0243160009 CEI., EASTLAKE PLANT B005
OH 0247030013 Orion Power Midwest B012
OH 0285010188 Dept of Public Utilities, City of Orrville B001
OH 0285010188 Dept of Public Utilities, City of Orrville B004
OH 0448020006 Toledo Edison Co., Bay Shore B003
OH 0448020006 Toledo Edison Co., Bay Shor e B004
OH 0616000000 Conesville Power Plant B003
OH 0616000000 Conesville Power Plant B004
OH 0616000000 Conesville Power Pl ant B007
OH 0641050002 Cardinal Power Pl ant B001
OH 0641050002 Cardinal Power Pl ant B0027

OH 0641050002 Cardinal Power Plant B003
OH 0641050002 Cardinal Power Pl ant B004
OH 0641050002 Cardinal Power Pl ant B008
OH 0641050002 Cardinal Power P l ant B009
OH 0641050002 Cardinal Power Plant B009
OH Jefferson 0641160017 W. H. SAMMIS PLANT B011
OH Jefferson 0641160017 W. H. SAMMIS PLANT B012
OH Jefferson 0641160017 W. H. SAMMIS PLANT B013
OH 0684000000 Muskingum River Power Plant B006
OH Ada ms 0701000007 DP&L, J.M. Stuart Generating Station B001
OH Adams 0701000007 DP&L, J.M. Stuart Generating Station B002
OH Adams 0701000007 DP&L, J.M. Stuart Generating Station B003
OH Adams 0701000007 DP&L, J.M. Stuart Generating Station B004
OH 070100 0060 DP&L, Killen Station B001
OH 1409040243 City of Hamilton Dept of Public Utilities B002
OH 1409040243 City of Hamilton Dept of Public Utilities B008
OH 1409040243 City of Hamilton Dept of Public Utilities B009
OH 1413100008 CG&E W. C. BECKJORD B005
OH 1413100008 CG&E W. C. BECKJORD B006
OH 1431350093 CG&E MIAMI FORT STATION B015

IL Peoria 856 Ameren

– Edwards 2

IL Sangamon 963 CWLP

– Dallman 31

IL Sangamon 963 CWLP

– Dallman 32

IL Christian 876 Dominion

– Kincaid 1

IL Christian 87 6 Dominion

– Kincaid 2

WI COLUMBIA 111003090 Alliant En ergy

- Columbia Generating B20

WI COLUMBIA 111003090 Alliant En ergy

- Columbia Generating B21

WI COLUMBIA 111003090 Alliant En ergy

- Columbia Generating B22

WI GRANT 122014530 Alliant Energy, Nelso n Dewey B22 (unit 2)

WI MILWAUKEE 241007690 We Energies

- Oak Creek Station B26 (Unit 6)

WI MILWAUKEE 241007690 We Energies

- Oak Creek Station B27 (Unit 7)

WI MILWAUKEE 241007690 We Energies

- Oak Creek Station B28

WI MILWAUKEE 241007800 We Energies

- Valley Station B21

WI MILWAUKEE 241007800 We Energies

- Valley Station B23

WI MILWAUKEE 241007800 We Energies

- Valley Station B24

WI BRO WN 405031990 WI Public Service Corp

- JP Pulliam B27 (unit 8)

WI SHEBOYGAN 460033090 WP & L Allian t Energy

– Edgewater B24

W I BUFFALO 606034110 Dairyland Power Coop Alma Station (J.P. Madgett boilers) B25 (+B26)

WI BUFFALO 606034110 Dairyland Power Coop Alma Station B27

WI VERNON 663020930 Dairyland Power Coop Genoa Station B20

WI VERNON 663020930 Dairyland Power Coop Genoa Station B25

IN Porter 995 Bailly 7
IN Porter 995 Bailly 8

IN Vermillion 1001 Cayuga 1

IN Vermillion 1001 Cayuga 2

IN Montgomery 1024 Crawfordsville 6

IN Warrick 1012 Culley 28

IN Warrick 1012 Culley 3

IN Gibson 6113 Gibson 1

IN Gibson 6113 Gi bson 2

IN Cass 1032 Logansport 6

IN Sullivan 6213 Merom 1

IN Sullivan 6213 Merom 2

IN LaPorte 997 Michigan City 12

IN Lake 996 Mitchell 11

IN Pike 994 Petersburg 1

IN Pike 994 Petersburg 2

IN Pike 994 Petersburg 3

IN Pike 1043 Ratts 1
IN Pike 104 3 Ratts 2
IN Wayne 7335 RPL 2
IN Jasper 6085 Schahfer 14
IN Jasper 6085 Schahfer 15
IN Lake 981 Stateline 4
IN Marion 990 Stout 70
IN Dearborn 988 Tanners Creek 4
IN Vigo 1010 Wabash River 6
IN Warrick 6705 Warrick 4

IA 07

- 02

- 005 Cedar Fal ls Utilities Unit #7 (EU10.1A)

IA 88

- 01

- 004 Central Iowa Power Cooperative (CIPCO)

– Summit Lake Station Comb Turbines (EU 1 /1G , EU2 /2 G)

IA 70

- 08

- 003 Central Iowa Power Cooperative (CIPCO)

– Fair Station Unit # 2 (EU 2 & EU 2G)
IA 85

- 01

- 006 City of Am es

- Steam Electric Plant Boiler #7 (EU 2)
IA 29

- 01

- 013 Interstate Power & Light

- Burlington Main Plant Boiler.

IA 03

- 03

- 001 Interstate Power & Light

- Lansing Boiler #4. Sixteen units in total.

IA 23

- 01

- 014 Interstate Power & Light

- ML Kapp Boiler #2. Six units in total.

IA 57

- 01

- 042 Interstate Power & Light

- Prairie Creek Boiler #4. Fourteen units in total.
IA 78

- 01

- 026 MidAmerican Energy Co

- Council Bluffs Boiler #3 (EU003)

IA 97

- 04

- 010 MidAmerican Energy Co

- Neal North Boilers #1

- 3 (EU0 01

- EU003)
IA 97

- 04

- 011 MidAmerican Energy Co

- Neal South Boiler #4 (EU003)
IA 70

- 01

- 011 Muscatine Power and Water Boiler #8
IA 63

- 02

- 005 Pella Municipal Power Plant Boilers #6

- 8

MN 2709900001 Austin Utilities NE Power Station EU001
MN 27 13700027 Hibbing Public Utilities EU003
MN 2703100001 MN Power, Taconite Harbor EU003
MN 2706100004 MN Power, Boswell Energy Center EU003
MN 2701500010 New Ulm Public Utilities EU003

- Boiler 4
MN 2711100002 Otter Tail Power Hoot Lake EU003
MN 27 10900011 Rochester Public Utilities, Silver Lake EU003
MN 2710900011 Rochester Public Utilities, Silver Lake EU004
MN 2713700028 Virginia Public Utilities EU003

- Boiler 9
MN 2714100004 Xcel Energy, Sherco EU001, EU002
MN 2716300005 Xcel Energy, Allen S King EU001

- Boiler 19

MN 2705300015 Xcel Energy, Riverside EU003

- Boiler 8

MO 290710003 Ameren

- Labadie B1, B2, B3, B4
MO 291830001 Ameren

- Sioux B1, B2
MO 290990016 Ameren

- Rush Island B1, B2
MO 290950031 Auila

- Sibley B3

- 5C

MO 291430004 Assoc. Electric

- New Madrid B1(EP

- 01), B2 (EP

- 02)
MO 290770039 City Utilities Springfield

- Southwest B1 (E09)
MO 290770005 City Utilities Springfield

- James River EO7, EO8
MO 290970001 Empire Distric Electric

- Asbury B7
MO 29083 0001 KC Power and Light

- Montrose EP08
MO 290210004 Aqula

- Lake Road EP06
MO 291750001 Assoc. Electric

- Thomas Hill EP01, EP02
MO 290950021 Trigen

- Kansas City B1A
MO 290190002 City of Columbia Municipal Power Plant EP02
MO 291950010 Marshall Munipal Utilities EP05
MO 290950050 Independence Power & Light

- Blue Valley B3 (EP05)

WV 3943 Fort Martin
WV 6004 Pleasants
WV 3948 Mitchell
WV 3935 Amos
WV 6264 Mountaineer
WV 3944 Harrison

TN 3396 TVA Bull Run
TN 3399 TVA Cumberland

KY 1363 Cane Run
KY 1364 Mill Creek
KY 6041 Spurlock
KY 1384 John Sherman Cooper
KY 1353 Big Sandy
KY 1356 Ghent
KY 1355 Brown
KY 1374 Owensboro Municipal
KY 1372 Henderson Municipal
KY 1378 Paradise
KY 1361 Coleman
KY 1382 Reid/Henderson 2
KY 6639 Green

# Appendix E

Mobile Inventory

Technical Support Document for

Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana Regional
Council of Governments (OKI)

# Mobile Source Emissions Inventory for Cincinnati PM2.5 Nonattainment

Area

Includes a portion of Dearborn County, Indiana, the counties of Boone, Campbell, Kenton in Kentucky, and the counties of Butler, Cle rmont, Hamilton, and Warren in Ohio. Emission estimates for the Year 2005, 2008, 2011, 2015, 2018, and 2021 developed in support of the PM2.5 State Implementat ion Plan

August 2010 (text revised Dec 2010)

P repared for the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, the Kentucky Division

for Air Quality and the Ohio Environmental Protecti on Agency by

OKI Regional Council of Governments

## Acknowledgments

Title Mobile Source Emissions Inventory for Cincinnati P M2.5 Nonattainment

Area

Abstract This report was prepared for the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, the Kentucky Division for Air Quality a nd the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. The Cincinnati PM 2.5 nonattainment area includes a portion of Dearborn County Indiana, the counties of Boone, Campbell, Kenton in Kentucky, and the counties of B utler, Clermont, Hamilton, and Warren in Ohio. This report includes emission estimates for the years 2005, 2008, 2011, 2015, 2018 and 2021 was generated to support
the attainment SIPs for the annual PM2.5 standard. EPA’s Motor Vehicle Emission Simulation (MOVES) 2010 was used to genera te the emission

rates.

Date August 2010

Agency Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Regional Council of Governme nts Mark Policinski, Executive Director Robert Koehler, P.E., Deputy Director

Project Manager

Andrew J. Reser, AICP

Project Staff

Harikishan Perugu, PTP Larry Buckler

The preparation of this document was financed coope ratively by the Federal Highway Administration, the Federal Transit Administration, the Commonwealt h of Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, the Ohio Department of Transportation, and the units of loca l and county government in the OKI region. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in th is document are those of the OKI Regional Council o f Governments and are not necessarily those of the U. S. Department of Transportation. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regula tion.

# MOBILE Source Emissions Inventory for the Cincinnati PM2.5 nonattainment area

This report was prepared for the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, the Kentucky Division for Air Quality and the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency. The Cincinnati PM2.5 nonattainment area includes a portion of Dearborn C ounty Indiana, the counties of Boone, Campbell, Kenton in Kentucky, and the counties of Butler, Cle rmont, Hamilton, and Warren in Ohio. This report includes emission estimates for the years 2005, 200 8, 2011, 2015, 2018 and 2021 was generated to support the attainment SIPs for the annual PM2.5 st andard. EPA’s Motor Vehicle Emissions Simulator (MOVES) 2010 model was used to generate the vehicle emission rates. In December 2009, MOVES replaced MOBILE6.2 as the EPA’s official emission f actor model. Technical details on OKI’s use of MOVES can be found in the Appendix. The OKI travel demand model version 7.6 was used to generate VMT and speed estimates. MOVES emission rates wer e generated for direct PM2.5, PM2.5 tirewear, PM2.5 brakewear, NO x 

### and SO 2 

### .
OKI, as the MPO, is responsible for transportation planning and air quality/transportation conformity. Transportation conformity is a mechanism to ensure that federal funding and approval are given to those transportation activities that are consistent with the air quality goals of the State Implementa tion Plans (SIPs) for Indiana, Kentucky and Ohio. The S IPs include an inventory of projected emissions fro m vehicles. One or more of the analysis years in the projected inventory may be designated as the motor vehicle emissions budget (MVEB). This budget establ ishes a maximum allowable limit on future emissions from vehicles (mobile sources). OKI’s tr ansportation plans and programs must be shown to be in conformity with all SIP provisions. The conf ormity process is a quantitative analysis, using U.S.EPA’s vehicle emissions software (currently MOV ES), demonstrating that forecasted regional vehicle emissions do not exceed the established budget.

Table 1 shows daily and annual mobile source emissi ons for the combined Indiana and Ohio portions of the nonattainment area, as well as the Kentucky por tion of the nonattainment area. Separate MVEB’s are typically designated for these two areas. Alth ough official federal guidance on the use of MOVES for PM2.5 SIP development was not available at the time of this analysis, the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) along with state and local ai r quality staff were consulted periodically throughout the development of these emissions. An additional safety margin should be added to the MVEB’s due uncertainty with growth assumptions util ized in the OKI travel demand model and uncertainty regarding the use of MOVES. Daily and annual mobile source emissions for each county in
the nonattainment area are shown in Table 2.

## Table 1. Mobile Source Emissions for the Cincinnati PM2.5 Nonattainment Area (tons)

Year Pollutant Name DailyEmissions AnnualEmissions 

### Kentucky Portion of NA Area

**2005** Annual VMT: 3,289,109,202 Daily VMT: 9,621,110 Vehicle Population: 364,081

**Oxides of Nitrogen** 39.10 13,496.54 **Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total** 1.36 466.23 **Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate** 0.16 54.04 **Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate** 0.05 17.52 **Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)** 0.12 41.46

**2008** Annual VMT: 3,425,339,505 Daily VMT: 9,991,179 Vehicle Population: 375,873

**Oxides of Nitrogen** 37.91 13,114.20 **Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total** 1.64 562.84 **Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate** 0.18 62.10 **Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate** 0.06 20.70 **Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)** 0.12 42.74

**2011** Annual VMT: 3,587,796,186 Daily VMT: 10,490,143 Vehicle Population: 381,911

**Oxides of Nitrogen** 29.33 10,141.52 **Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total** 1.19 407.74 **Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate** 0.20 68.38 **Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate** 0.07 22.68 **Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)** 0.13 45.36

**2015** Annual VMT: 3,931,385,741 Daily VMT: 11,495,496 Vehicle Population: 394,278

**Oxides of Nitrogen** 20.18 6,996.21 **Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total** 0.78 267.30 **Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate** 0.23 77.94 **Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate** 0.08 25.88 **Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)** 0.15 50.50

**2018** Annual VMT: 4,163,203,435 Daily VMT: 12,173,549 Vehicle Population: 403,817

**Oxides of Nitrogen** 15.78 5,480.81 **Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total** 0.59 202.15 **Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate** 0.27 91.15 **Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate** 0.09 30.09 **Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)** 0.16 56.28

**2021** Annual VMT: 4,286,834,360 Daily VMT: 12,534,236 Vehicle Population: 413,587

**Oxides of Nitrogen** 12.75 4,435.96 **Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total** 0.43 146.79 **Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate** 0.28 96.84 **Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate** 0.09 31.74 **Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)** 0.17 58.63

17-Aug-10 Page 1 of 2 MOVES 2010 and OKI Travel Demand Model v7.6Year Pollutant Name DailyEmissions AnnualEmissions 

### Ohio/Indiana Portion of NA Area

**2005** Annual VMT: 13,541,324,003 Daily VMT: 39,564,030 Vehicle Population: 1,754,582

**Oxides of Nitrogen** 168.89 58,423.36 **Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total** 5.74 1,979.63 **Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate** 0.65 223.20 **Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate** 0.20 69.67 **Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)** 0.48 165.35

**2008** Annual VMT: 14,015,754,874 Daily VMT: 40,858,751 Vehicle Population: 1,811,406

**Oxides of Nitrogen** 148.02 51,357.02 **Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total** 4.85 1,675.04 **Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate** 0.80 273.84 **Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate** 0.25 85.37 **Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)** 0.54 185.13

**2011** Annual VMT: 14,383,526,419 Daily VMT: 42,044,841 Vehicle Population: 1,840,505

**Oxides of Nitrogen** 135.95 47,061.53 **Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total** 5.54 1,904.61 **Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate** 0.85 290.00 **Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate** 0.27 91.52 **Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)** 0.53 182.01

**2015** Annual VMT: 14,830,453,053 Daily VMT: 43,316,281 Vehicle Population: 1,900,111

**Oxides of Nitrogen** 89.45 31,064.21 **Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total** 3.57 1,227.86 **Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate** 0.82 280.25 **Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate** 0.26 90.54 **Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)** 0.53 182.69

**2018** Annual VMT: 15,513,701,656 Daily VMT: 45,314,292 Vehicle Population: 1,946,080

**Oxides of Nitrogen** 70.34 24,451.43 **Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total** 2.78 958.57 **Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate** 0.90 307.39 **Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate** 0.29 99.03 **Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)** 0.57 195.09

**2021** Annual VMT: 15,521,916,278 Daily VMT: 46,689,707 Vehicle Population: 1,993,161

**Oxides of Nitrogen** 55.50 18,911.05 **Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total** 2.10 705.30 **Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate** 0.96 320.17 **Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate** 0.31 102.89 **Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)** 0.60 199.14

17-Aug-10 Page 2 of 2 MOVES 2010 and OKI Travel Demand Model v7.6

## Table 2. Mobile Source Emissions by County for the Cincinnati PM2.5 Nonattainment Area (tons)

County Year Pollutant Name DailyEmissions AnnualEmissions 

## Indiana

Dearborn NA

2005 Annual VMT: 196,738,031 Daily VMT: 578,642 Vehicle Population: 24,915

Oxides of Nitrogen 2.40 865.46
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.08 29.68
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.01 3.28
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.00 1.02
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.01 2.45

2008 Annual VMT: 199,778,078 Daily VMT: 587,583 Vehicle Population: 25,722

Oxides of Nitrogen 2.09 748.81
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.07 24.72
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.01 3.94
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.00 1.23
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.01 2.69

2011 Annual VMT: 205,911,005 Daily VMT: 605,621 Vehicle Population: 26,135

Oxides of Nitrogen 1.92 685.40
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.08 27.88
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.01 4.19
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.00 1.32
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.01 2.65

2015 Annual VMT: 223,644,622 Daily VMT: 657,779 Vehicle Population: 26,982

Oxides of Nitrogen 1.31 482.33
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.05 19.43
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.01 4.32
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.00 1.39
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.01 2.87

2018 Annual VMT: 232,682,971 Daily VMT: 684,362 Vehicle Population: 27,635

Oxides of Nitrogen 1.03 376.85
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.04 15.09
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.01 4.70
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.00 1.51
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.01 3.04

2021 Annual VMT: 240,321,759 Daily VMT: 706,829 Vehicle Population: 28,303

Oxides of Nitrogen 0.81 297.95
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.03 11.44
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.01 5.05
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.00 1.62
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.01 3.19

17-Aug-10 Page 1 of 8 MOVES 2010 and OKI Travel Demand Model v7.6County Year Pollutant Name DailyEmissions AnnualEmissions 

## Kentucky

Boone

2005 Annual VMT: 1,273,226,967 Daily VMT: 3,924,117 Vehicle Population: 129,823

Oxides of Nitrogen 14.94 5,126.88
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.52 177.58
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.06 20.86
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.02 6.77
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.05 15.91

2008 Annual VMT: 1,350,001,539 Daily VMT: 4,076,584 Vehicle Population: 134,028

Oxides of Nitrogen 14.73 5,067.94
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.64 219.29
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.07 24.42
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.02 8.14
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.05 16.71

2011 Annual VMT: 1,448,879,491 Daily VMT: 4,383,716 Vehicle Population: 136,181

Oxides of Nitrogen 11.61 3,990.01
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.48 162.47
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.08 27.55
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.03 9.14
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.05 18.16

2015 Annual VMT: 1,628,041,282 Daily VMT: 4,950,741 Vehicle Population: 140,590

Oxides of Nitrogen 8.11 2,788.45
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.32 108.49
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.09 32.17
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.03 10.69
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.06 20.67

2018 Annual VMT: 1,729,595,156 Daily VMT: 5,260,102 Vehicle Population: 143,991

Oxides of Nitrogen 6.34 2,182.28
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.24 82.19
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.11 37.76
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.04 12.47
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.07 23.14

2021 Annual VMT: 1,800,571,684 Daily VMT: 5,478,224 Vehicle Population: 147,476

Oxides of Nitrogen 5.14 1,772.72
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.18 60.19
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.12 40.56
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.04 13.30
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.07 24.37

17-Aug-10 Page 2 of 8 MOVES 2010 and OKI Travel Demand Model v7.6County Year Pollutant Name DailyEmissions AnnualEmissions
Campbell

2005 Annual VMT: 741,790,595 Daily VMT: 2,286,217 Vehicle Population: 86,065

Oxides of Nitrogen 8.87 3,041.21
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.31 104.22
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.04 12.14
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.01 3.94
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.03 9.30

2008 Annual VMT: 774,762,718 Daily VMT: 2,339,542 Vehicle Population: 88,853

Oxides of Nitrogen 8.63 2,988.33
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.37 127.73
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.04 14.05
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.01 4.68
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.03 9.69

2011 Annual VMT: 800,372,692 Daily VMT: 2,421,600 Vehicle Population: 90,279

Oxides of Nitrogen 6.61 2,287.81
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.27 91.36
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.04 15.26
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.01 5.06
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.03 10.15

2015 Annual VMT: 875,774,487 Daily VMT: 2,663,159 Vehicle Population: 93,204

Oxides of Nitrogen 4.55 1,570.14
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.17 59.30
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.05 17.31
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.02 5.75
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.03 11.21

2018 Annual VMT: 911,300,097 Daily VMT: 2,771,476 Vehicle Population: 95,458

Oxides of Nitrogen 3.52 1,216.21
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.13 44.14
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.06 19.90
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.02 6.57
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.04 12.28

2021 Annual VMT: 936,445,352 Daily VMT: 2,849,127 Vehicle Population: 97,768

Oxides of Nitrogen 2.84 985.28
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.09 32.07
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.06 21.10
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.02 6.92
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.04 12.77

17-Aug-10 Page 3 of 8 MOVES 2010 and OKI Travel Demand Model v7.6County Year Pollutant Name DailyEmissions AnnualEmissions

Kenton

2005 Annual VMT: 1,274,091,641 Daily VMT: 3,927,743 Vehicle Population: 148,193

Oxides of Nitrogen 15.29 5,328.44
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.53 184.43
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.06 21.04
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.02 6.82
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.05 16.24

2008 Annual VMT: 1,300,575,248 Daily VMT: 3,927,332 Vehicle Population: 152,992

Oxides of Nitrogen 14.55 5,057.93
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.62 215.81
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.07 23.63
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.02 7.87
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.05 16.34

2011 Annual VMT: 1,338,544,003 Daily VMT: 4,049,886 Vehicle Population: 155,451

Oxides of Nitrogen 11.11 3,863.70
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.45 153.90
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.07 25.57
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.02 8.48
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.05 17.05

2015 Annual VMT: 1,427,569,972 Daily VMT: 4,341,124 Vehicle Population: 160,484

Oxides of Nitrogen 7.51 2,637.63
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.29 99.51
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.08 28.45
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.03 9.44
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.05 18.62

2018 Annual VMT: 1,522,308,182 Daily VMT: 4,629,694 Vehicle Population: 164,368

Oxides of Nitrogen 5.93 2,082.32
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.22 75.82
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.10 33.49
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.03 11.04
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.06 20.86

2021 Annual VMT: 1,549,817,325 Daily VMT: 4,715,306 Vehicle Population: 168,343

Oxides of Nitrogen 4.76 1,677.96
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.16 54.53
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.10 35.19
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.03 11.52
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.06 21.48

17-Aug-10 Page 4 of 8 MOVES 2010 and OKI Travel Demand Model v7.6County Year Pollutant Name DailyEmissions AnnualEmissions 

## Ohio

Butler

2005 Annual VMT: 2,469,168,490 Daily VMT: 7,452,293 Vehicle Population: 401,759

Oxides of Nitrogen 32.00 10,910.37
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 1.06 361.06
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.12 40.31
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.04 12.60
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.09 30.01

2008 Annual VMT: 2,598,061,793 Daily VMT: 7,745,693 Vehicle Population: 414,771

Oxides of Nitrogen 28.56 9,803.70
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.91 311.45
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.15 50.45
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.05 15.74
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.10 34.25

2011 Annual VMT: 2,693,718,927 Daily VMT: 8,050,709 Vehicle Population: 421,434

Oxides of Nitrogen 26.50 9,074.89
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 1.05 356.91
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.16 53.99
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.05 17.06
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.10 34.00

2015 Annual VMT: 2,792,190,918 Daily VMT: 8,361,495 Vehicle Population: 435,082

Oxides of Nitrogen 17.64 6,064.61
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.68 231.78
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.16 52.42
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.05 16.96
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.10 34.28

2018 Annual VMT: 2,940,852,857 Daily VMT: 8,806,051 Vehicle Population: 445,608

Oxides of Nitrogen 13.98 4,813.27
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.54 182.29
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.17 57.91
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.06 18.68
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.11 36.85

2021 Annual VMT: 2,966,040,396 Daily VMT: 9,150,040 Vehicle Population: 456,389

Oxides of Nitrogen 11.13 3,757.91
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.41 135.39
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.19 60.81
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.06 19.56
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.12 37.90

17-Aug-10 Page 5 of 8 MOVES 2010 and OKI Travel Demand Model v7.6County Year Pollutant Name DailyEmissions AnnualEmissions

Clermont

2005 Annual VMT: 1,684,261,582 Daily VMT: 5,083,336 Vehicle Population: 232,380

Oxides of Nitrogen 21.21 7,295.87
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.72 245.48
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.08 27.67
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.03 8.64
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.06 20.51

2008 Annual VMT: 1,765,146,867 Daily VMT: 5,262,494 Vehicle Population: 239,906

Oxides of Nitrogen 18.81 6,516.40
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.61 211.40
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.10 34.46
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.03 10.74
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.07 23.32

2011 Annual VMT: 1,836,770,645 Daily VMT: 5,489,550 Vehicle Population: 243,760

Oxides of Nitrogen 17.48 6,039.51
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.71 243.25
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.11 37.00
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.03 11.68
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.07 23.23

2015 Annual VMT: 1,899,319,930 Daily VMT: 5,687,704 Vehicle Population: 251,654

Oxides of Nitrogen 11.54 3,993.63
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.46 156.92
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.11 35.82
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.03 11.58
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.07 23.34

2018 Annual VMT: 1,987,922,558 Daily VMT: 5,952,609 Vehicle Population: 257,742

Oxides of Nitrogen 9.09 3,146.47
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.36 122.57
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.12 39.31
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.04 12.67
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.07 24.94

2021 Annual VMT: 2,005,373,961 Daily VMT: 6,186,447 Vehicle Population: 263,978

Oxides of Nitrogen 7.22 2,449.31
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.27 90.84
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.12 41.28
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.04 13.27
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.08 25.66

17-Aug-10 Page 6 of 8 MOVES 2010 and OKI Travel Demand Model v7.6County Year Pollutant Name DailyEmissions AnnualEmissions

Hamilton

2005 Annual VMT: 7,241,536,812 Daily VMT: 21,859,473 Vehicle Population: 862,422

Oxides of Nitrogen 89.30 31,127.09
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 3.06 1,064.67
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.35 119.94
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.11 37.41
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.26 88.85

2008 Annual VMT: 7,421,012,594 Daily VMT: 22,124,524 Vehicle Population: 890,352

Oxides of Nitrogen 77.45 27,020.93
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 2.56 889.81
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.42 145.42
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.13 45.31
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.28 98.30

2011 Annual VMT: 7,503,619,525 Daily VMT: 22,426,043 Vehicle Population: 904,655

Oxides of Nitrogen 70.18 24,435.59
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 2.88 997.06
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.44 151.73
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.14 47.86
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.28 95.30

2015 Annual VMT: 7,630,239,650 Daily VMT: 22,849,516 Vehicle Population: 933,953

Oxides of Nitrogen 45.58 15,925.19
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 1.83 634.62
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.42 144.67
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.14 46.71
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.27 94.43

2018 Annual VMT: 7,891,625,119 Daily VMT: 23,630,577 Vehicle Population: 956,548

Oxides of Nitrogen 35.51 12,422.37
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 1.41 490.62
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.45 156.90
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.15 50.52
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.29 99.78

2021 Annual VMT: 7,811,745,310 Daily VMT: 24,098,721 Vehicle Population: 979,689

Oxides of Nitrogen 27.80 9,530.16
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 1.06 357.87
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.48 161.69
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.15 51.92
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.30 100.82

17-Aug-10 Page 7 of 8 MOVES 2010 and OKI Travel Demand Model v7.6County Year Pollutant Name DailyEmissions AnnualEmissions

Warren

2005 Annual VMT: 1,949,619,088 Daily VMT: 5,884,222 Vehicle Population: 233,106

Oxides of Nitrogen 23.98 8,224.57
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.82 278.74
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.09 32.00
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.03 10.00
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.07 23.54

2008 Annual VMT: 2,031,755,542 Daily VMT: 6,057,344 Vehicle Population: 240,655

Oxides of Nitrogen 21.11 7,267.18
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.69 237.65
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.12 39.57
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.04 12.34
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.08 26.57

2011 Annual VMT: 2,143,506,318 Daily VMT: 6,406,290 Vehicle Population: 244,521

Oxides of Nitrogen 19.88 6,826.15
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.82 279.53
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.13 43.09
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.04 13.60
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.08 26.83

2015 Annual VMT: 2,285,057,933 Daily VMT: 6,842,835 Vehicle Population: 252,440

Oxides of Nitrogen 13.37 4,598.44
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.54 185.12
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.13 43.02
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.04 13.91
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.08 27.77

2018 Annual VMT: 2,460,618,151 Daily VMT: 7,368,042 Vehicle Population: 258,547

Oxides of Nitrogen 10.73 3,692.47
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.43 148.00
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.14 48.57
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.05 15.66
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.09 30.49

2021 Annual VMT: 2,498,434,852 Daily VMT: 7,707,508 Vehicle Population: 264,802

Oxides of Nitrogen 8.54 2,875.72
Primary Exhaust PM2.5 - Total 0.33 109.76
Primary PM2.5 - Brakewear Particulate 0.16 51.34
Primary PM2.5 - Tirewear Particulate 0.05 16.51
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) 0.10 31.58

17-Aug-10 Page 8 of 8 MOVES 2010 and OKI Travel Demand Model v7.6

## Mobile Source Emission Forecast Process

Emission Factor Model OKI’s conformity assessment utilized U.S.EPA’s emis sions model MOVES 2010 to develop emission
factors for SO 2 

### , NO X 

### and PM2.5. Table 3 summarizes the settings used i n the MOVES run specification
file. Table 4 lists the data used in the MOVES Cou nty-Data Manager. Further details on the use of MOVES are found in the Appendix.

Table 3

MOVES RunSpec Parameter Settings MOVES Version 2009/05 / 1 5 , MOVES default database 20100515
Scale County, Emission Rates Time Span Time aggregation = Hour 1 month representing average annual temperatures All hours of day selected Weekdays only Geographic Bounds 2 Custom Domains

– 4 Ohio counties, 3 Kentucky
counties Vehicles/Equipment All source types, gasoline and diesel Road Type All road types including off

- network
Pollutants and Processes NO x 

### , All PM2.5 categories, SO 2 

### , Total Energy Consumption Strategies Modified AVFT strategy file to reflect 0% CNG buses in the transit fleet General Output Units= grams, joules and miles Output Emissions Time = hour, Location =county, on

- road emission rates by road type and source use type.
Advanced Performance none

Table 4

County Data Manager Data Source Source Type Population Local and default. Local data (2010) from KYTC an d ODOT from motor vehicle registration data. Default data used for source types 41, 61 and 62. In addition , default data for sour ce types 31, 32 and 54 used for KY. Vehicle Type VMT Local and default. HPMSVTypeYear VMT=daily VMT fro m OKI travel demand model with EPA’s daily to annual VMT convert er applied. monthVMTFraction = default. dayVMTFraction=default, hourVMTFraction=local. I/M Programs Default modified to reflect discontinued I/M progra m

### Fuel Formulation Default

Fuel Supply Default Meteorology Data Local. Kentucky Division for Air Quality. Ramp Fraction Local. Ramp emissions calculated outside of MOVES Road Type Distribution Local. OKI travel demand model. Age Distribution Local and default. Local data (2010) from KYTC an d ODOT from motor vehicle registration data. Default data used for source types 41, 61 and 62. In addition , default data for sour ce types 31, 32 and 54 used for KY. Average Speed Distribution Local. OKI travel demand model.



## OKI Travel Demand Model Transportation system performance was estimated usi ng the OKI Travel Demand Model Version 7.6. The OKI Travel Demand Model is composed of TRANPLAN programs, CUBE Voyager programs and a series of FORTRAN programs written by OKI. It is a state of the practice model that uses the standard 4 phase sequential modeling approach of trip generati on, distribution, modal choice and assignment. The model uses demographic and land use data and capaci ty and free-flow speed characteristics for each roadway segment in the network to produce a “loaded ” highway network with forecasted traffic volumes with revised speeds based on specified spee d/capacity relationships.

Travel analysis zones are the basic geographic unit for estimating travel in the OKI model. The OKI re gion is subdivided into 1608 traffic analysis zones to p ermit detail as well as manageability. A variety o f socioeconomic data items are used in the OKI transp ortation planning process. These data are used primarily to forecast future travel patterns by ser ving as independent variables in OKI trip generatio n equations. The following categories of planning dat a are utilized:

• Population (household and group quarter)

• Households

• Household vehicles

• Employment (by employment category and zone of work )

• Labor force participation (by zone of residence)

• Area type The principal data requirements of the OKI travel d emand forecasting model are population and employment. From these variables, other characteris tics including households, labor force, and persona l vehicles may be derived. Chapter 5 of OKI 2030 Regional Transportation Plan 2008 Update provides a complete demographic overview of the region.

OKI utilizes both base year (2005) and future year data (2010, 2020 and 2030) in the planning process. Planning data are maintained at the Traffic Analysi s Zone (TAZ) level, and originate in the 2000 Census of Population and Housing. Base year 2005 and future y ear data for each variable are developed through various methods. More detailed explanation of base year and future year data generation for each of the above-mentioned categories of planning data fol lows. All of the variables represent the latest OK I planning assumptions.

## Population

Base and Future Year Data: Population data for bas e year 2005 and future years 2010, 2020 and 2030 originate with the 2000 Census of Population and Ho using. Utilizing ArcView GIS, population data at th e zonal level for 2000 was derived from the area prop ortion allocation of block level population.

As a tri-state regional planning agency, OKI uses c ounty level projections as prepared by the respecti ve state data centers (Ohio Department of Development Office of Strategic Research, Kentucky State Data Center and Indiana Business Research Center) as con trol totals. The most current projections (years 2005 to 2030) were released by the Ohio and Indiana state data centers in 2003 and the Kentucky State Data Center in 2004. Population projections at the zonal level are calculated by multiplying household size by the projected zonal households. Household s ize is factored so that, in each county, the sum of the zonal populations equals the control total.



## Households Base Year Data: Household data for base year 2005 originates with the 2000 Census of Population and Housing. Utilizing the geographic information syste m ArcMap, household data at the zonal level for 200 0 was derived from the area proportion allocation of block level households. Year 2000 household data was updated to 2005 with residential building permi ts issued between January 2000 and December 2004. The residential building locations were geo-c oded in ArcMap, then aggregated to the TAZs. The housing unit totals for each TAZ were converted to h ouseholds by applying a vacancy rate, an adjustment for permitted but unbuilt units, and sub tracting demolitions (where data was available). These households were then added to the year Census 2000 zonal household total to arrive at 2005
households for each TAZ.

Future Year Data: The preparation of household proj ections was accomplished by calculating the number of households for a projected county populat ion using ratios of householders to total population by age specific cohorts derived from the 2000 Census for each analysis year. Disaggregation to TAZs was determined by historical trends, existin g and future land use, topography, flood plain information, availability of land, local knowledge and other factors.



## Household Vehicles Base and Future Year Data: Base and future year ho usehold vehicle data were obtained from the 2000 Census of Population and Housing. The 2000 Census i s the only source of household vehicle data available at the block group level. Average vehicle s per household were calculated for block groups th en applied to the TAZs associated with each block group . The 2005, 2010, 2020 and 2030 vehicles per
household level was held at the 2000 level based on the fact that, since 2002, the number of vehicles per household has exceeded the number of drivers pe r household.



## Labor Force

Base and Future Year Data: The OKI labor force is a function of the population as determined by a lab or force participation ratio (the number of employed p ersons in the labor force per persons 16 and over). Household data for base year 2005 originates with t he 2000 Census of Population and Housing. Utilizing the geographic information system ArcMap, household data at the zonal level for 2000 was derived

### from the area proportion allocation of block group level employed labor force. The labor force

projections for 2005, 2010, 2020 and 2030 were base d on the most recent projections of national labor force participation rates by age and sex cohorts fr om the U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics for each of those years. These rates wer e then applied to the projected county age/sex coho rts and adjusted to eliminate the unemployed to arrive at a county employed labor force control total. Employed labor force at the zonal level is calculat ed by multiplying the labor force participation rat e by the zonal population. The labor force participation rate is adjusted so that, in each county, the sum of the zonal labor force counts equals the control tot al.



## Employment Base Year Data: Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW or ES202) data for 2005 was utilized as the primary tool to calculate employmen t at the zonal level. Individual business records containing physical location, number of employees a nd SIC code were geocoded through ArcMap and aggregated to the TAZ level. This data set was suppl emented by other sources of data to complete the commuting employment picture in the OKI region. Eac h zone’s employment was divided according to the SIC code into three classes (retail, office, in dustrial) based upon the potential for generating t rips.

Future Year Data: For future year employment proje ction, calculation was first made of the employment at the regional level. At the regional l evel, employment is a calculation of the region’s employed labor force minus workers who live in the region but commute out to work, plus workers who live outside the region but commute in to work. The regional total was disaggregated first to the coun ty level based on historic trends and expected changes in the county’s share of the region’s employment and then to the TAZ level. Disaggregation to TAZs was determined by historical trends, existing and future land use, topography, flood plain informatio n, availability of land, local knowledge and other
factors.



## Area Type Base and Future Year Data: For each analysis year, each TAZ is assigned an area type designation as CBD, Urban, Suburban or Rural based on population a nd employment densities.

Model Calibration
OKI’s Travel Demand Model has been validated to obs erved traffic volumes for the model base year 2005. The modeling network encompasses the entire ozone nonattainment area with the exception of Clinton County, Ohio. The modeling network also in cludes Greene, Miami and Montgomery counties in Ohio and the remainder of Dearborn County Indiana. The difference between estimated vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and 2005 observed VMT is less than 1 %. A highway screenline analysis compares the
screenline observed and simulated traffic volume di screpancies with the ODOT standard of maximum desirable deviation. The comparison shows that the model performs at a satisfactory level and all the
errors were under the ODOT curve. Further informat ion can be found in OKI’s 2007 report, “ OKI/MVRPC Travel Demand Model Methodology/ Validation Report ”. For the calibration, OKI used over 3000 traffic counts collected through 2006 by the Ohio Departmen t of Transportation (ODOT), the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, many county and local gover nments, transportation engineering consultants, and OKI. These traffic counts cover nearly 50% per cent of the links in the OKI portion of the modelin g

### network. The methodology provides consistency with past emission inventory and conformity analysis

work performed by OKI.

Local Inputs and Post-Model Processing OKI incorporates a variety of sources of local data to both improve and confirm the accuracy of VMT, a s well as other travel-related parameters. Free flow speeds used on the highway and transit networks ar e based on travel time studies performed locally. Th e OKI post-processing program, IMPACT, uses the loaded highway network to generate VMT by hour, VMT by speed distribution and VMT by facility type. These tables are then included as input into MOVES. Two separate sets of VMT tables are generated: one for the four Ohio counties plus Dearborn County Indiana, and a second for the three Kentucky counties. The VMT by hour tables utilize hourly tr affic distribution and directional split factors fo r different roadway types as developed by OKI. The ma in source of the data was the permanent traffic counting stations located throughout the OKI region for the years of 2004-2006. This data was supplemented with data collected at coverage count stations (locations with counts taken on only onetwo days). The stations were classified by area ty pe: urban and rural, and functional classification: freeway, arterial and collector. Speeds representin g various “loaded” conditions (with traffic volumes ) are estimated using techniques from the 1997 Highwa y Capacity Manual. This permits the estimation of speeds as conditions vary from hour to hour on the different facility types throughout the region. Th e IMPACT program performs the appropriate summation b y area and roadway type as well as regional totals. OKI has also developed seasonal conversion factors to adjust traffic volumes to summer
conditions. The factors were derived from local da ta collected at permanent traffic counting stations during 1994-1997 utilizing the average daily traffi c monthly conversion factors for June, July and Aug ust. Further information on OKI’s IMPACT program is docu mented in the report, “Travel Demand Model Summary Reporting and Impact Summary Reporting: OKI /MVRPC Travel Demand Model User’s Guide”,

OKI 2003.

# 11 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



# APPENDIX

OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA Motor Vehicle Emission Simulator (MOVES) 2010 to develop mobile Source

Emissions
August 2010

# 12 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



## 1. Using MOVES

To determine specific emission profiles and invento ry, user has to define the input data like area, time span, type of vehicles, road types, fuel types, emission producing processes etc. These data are stored in a run specification (RunSp ec) XML file. Using graphical user interface, the user can modify all these attributes of the Run Spec. In the following sections, how input data is entered and modified is explained. All thes e input options are found in the navigation panel of Graphical User Interface of MOVES software

. 

## 1.1 Description

The description text box is useful to list the spec ifications of the RunSpec and to distinguish between the RunSpecs. We can provide a brief overvi ew of the particular RunSpec. In all of our current RunSpecs, we have details such as analysis years, area and pollutants analyzed.



## 1.2 Scale/Calculation Type

In this option, we need to specify about the Domain /Scale and Calculation type. The Domain specifies the level of default data we need to use for analysis and also the scale of the analysis. We have used the County scale. The county scale re quires user supplied local data for most inputs. We have selected “Emission Rates” as the c alculation type.



## 1.3 Time Spans

This input panel has different time-related input d ata like time aggregation level, year of analysis, month of analysis, whether analysis day i s weekday or weekend, and hours of analysis. In all of our runs, time aggregation level is consi dered as hour, which is the most disaggregated level possible in MOVES and it is also specified in EPA’s technical guidance for all SIP runs. In In consultation with the states, the analysis years of 2005, 2008, 2011, 2015, 2018, and 2021 were selected. Each analysis year requires a separate MO VES run. We have used the month of April for analysis. Annual analysis uses one 24-hour set of average annual temperatures. The annual average minimum temperature, maximum temperature an d humidity values for each hour were calculated and assigned the April month ID. T he annual average temperature profile was used for the PM2.5 SIP inventory. Weekdays only, a nd all hours were selected.


## 1.4 Geographic Bounds

In this input screen, we need to specify the region of analysis (eg. Nation, State, Custom Domain). We have created a two separate input datab ase through combining the four OKI Ohio counties (Hamilton, Butler, Clermont, and Warren) a nd the three OKI Kentucky counties (Boone, Campbell, and Kenton). Upon selecting the c ustom domain, MOVES will consider this region as separate generic County. The state ID is fixed as 99 and we have assigned an arbitrary CountyID of 390 for Ohio, and 210 for Kentucky to d istinguish between the two states (39 and

# 13 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### 21 are used in post-processing as state id’s). The user also needs to provide a fraction geographic phase in area. In this case we do not ha ve any phase in area fraction and we also provided average barometric pressure (MOVES default value for Hamilton County Ohio) to identify whether it is low altitude area or high al titude area. Since we do not have I/M program in the region the refueling program adjustment frac tion and refueling spill program adjustment fractions are assigned as 0.00. In this input panel we also need to specify the Domain Input Databases. For all of our runs we have defined diff erent input databases for each year.



## 1.5 Vehicles/Equipment

In MOVES, the user also needs to provide the differ ent type of vehicles considered for analysis in the region. MOVES provide us with 13 different t ypes of vehicles or equipment and four different fuel types and we need to select appropri ate fuel and vehicle combinations. In MOVES, vehicle types are called SourceUseTypes . W e have considered all possible types of fuel/vehicle type combinations.



## 1.6 Road Type

There are five road types available in MOVES. All five road types are selected in the RunSpecs, however OKI travel demand model does not predict th e off-network vehicle miles traveled. The off-network road type in MOVES is used to assign ac tivity for vehicle starts and for evaporative emissions while vehicles are parked. The other fou r road types are relatively simple and are based on area type, whether it is urban or rural. A ll expressways and freeways are considered as restricted roadways and all other road types are considered as unrestricted roadways.



## 1.7 Pollutants and Processes

There are different pollutants and corresponding pr ocesses are available in MOVES. A separate panel is available for selecting different pollutan ts and processes. In consultation with the states, PM2.5, NO x, 

### SO 2 

### were selected. To perform calculation of PM2.5 it is also required to select total energy consumption, elemental carbon, organic carbon, and sulfate particulate. In addition, brake wear and tire wear are also selecte d.



## 1.8 Miscellaneous

Information about present and future alternative ve hicle fuels & technologies, on-road retrofit and rate of progress information can be input with the MOVES Strategies section of the RunSpec. If we do not specify future Alternative V ehicle Fuel & Technologies, MOVES is going to assume default alternative fuels. The default AVFT strategy file was modified to reflect 0% CNG buses in the transit fleet (default is 6%). MO VES also provides options whether we would like to save the MOVESactivityoutput and MOVESOutp ut databases or not. We did not select these options, although these were selected in subs equent runs as an error checking method, and to obtain values utilized in the post-processin g.

# 14 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### Table 1.8 : Alternative Vehicle and Fueling Technol ogy used in all RunSpecs

sourceTypeID modelYearID fuelTypeID engTechID fuelEngFraction

42 1960 2 1 1
42 1961 2 1 1
42 1962 2 1 1
42 1963 2 1 1
42 1964 2 1 1
42 1965 2 1 1
42 1966 2 1 1
42 1967 2 1 1
42 1968 2 1 1
42 1969 2 1 1
42 1970 2 1 1
42 1971 2 1 1
42 1972 2 1 1
42 1973 2 1 1
42 1974 2 1 1
42 1975 2 1 1
42 1976 2 1 1
42 1977 2 1 1
42 1978 2 1 1
42 1979 2 1 1
42 1980 2 1 1
42 1981 2 1 1
42 1982 2 1 1
42 1983 2 1 1
42 1984 2 1 1
42 1985 2 1 1
42 1986 2 1 1
42 1987 2 1 1
42 1988 2 1 1
42 1989 2 1 1
42 1990 2 1 1
42 1991 2 1 1
42 1992 2 1 1
42 1993 2 1 1
42 1994 2 1 1
42 1995 2 1 1
42 1996 2 1 1
42 1997 2 1 1
42 1998 2 1 1
42 1999 2 1 1
42 2000 2 1 1
42 2001 2 1 1
42 2002 2 1 1
42 2003 2 1 1

# 15 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

42 2004 2 1 1
42 2005 2 1 1
42 2006 2 1 1
42 2007 2 1 1
42 2008 2 1 1
42 2009 2 1 1
42 2010 2 1 1
42 2011 2 1 1
42 2012 2 1 1
42 2013 2 1 1
42 2014 2 1 1
42 2015 2 1 1
42 2016 2 1 1
42 2017 2 1 1
42 2018 2 1 1
42 2019 2 1 1
42 2020 2 1 1
42 2021 2 1 1
42 2022 2 1 1
42 2023 2 1 1
42 2024 2 1 1
42 2025 2 1 1
42 2026 2 1 1
42 2027 2 1 1
42 2028 2 1 1
42 2029 2 1 1
42 2030 2 1 1
42 2031 2 1 1
42 2032 2 1 1
42 2033 2 1 1
42 2034 2 1 1
42 2035 2 1 1
42 2036 2 1 1
42 2037 2 1 1
42 2038 2 1 1
42 2039 2 1 1
42 2040 2 1 1
42 2041 2 1 1
42 2042 2 1 1
42 2043 2 1 1
42 2044 2 1 1
42 2045 2 1 1
42 2046 2 1 1
42 2047 2 1 1
42 2048 2 1 1
42 2049 2 1 1
42 2050 2 1 1

# 16 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



## 1.9 Output

The MOVES output section requires the designation o f an output database. A new database was created for each new RunSpec. Output units sele cted for mass, energy and distance were grams, joules and miles. Activity output was not s elected. The second output screen requires further selection for data aggregation and data opt ions. Hour was selected for Time, and County was selected for Location. Road Type and So urce Type were also selected.



## 2. Data Importers

In order to enter local data into RunSpec, we need to use pre processing option in the MOVES. We can select either Data Importer or County Import er for Custom Domain option. These Importers convert the data in excel format to MySQL tables. This is the preferred input format of MOVES software.



## 2.1 Meteorology Data Importer

In this type of Importer, meteorology data is conve rted to a MOVES input format. This dataset has different data items like month ID, Zone ID, ho ur ID, Temperature and Relative Humidity. The Ohio and Kentucky custom domains use the identi cal temperature data obtained from the Kentucky Division for Air Quality (KDAQ). Even tho ugh ODOT has provided the temperature data (collected from local airports), KDAQ data app eared to be more applicable. A portion of the KDAQ temperature file is shown in Table 2.1. A s previously discussed, annual average minimum and maximum temperatures and humidity value s were calculated and used in the PM2.5 analysis.

Table 2.1 : Meteorology Data

monthID zoneID hourID temperature relHumidity

1 993900 1 23.2 100
1 993900 2 22.2 100
1 993900 3 21.4 100
1 993900 4 20.9 100
1 993900 5 20.4 100
1 993900 6 19.9 100
1 993900 7 19.5 100
1 993900 8 19.9 100
1 993900 9 22 100
1 993900 10 25.4 100
1 993900 11 28.9 87.6

# 17 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

1 993900 12 31.9 77.5
1 993900 13 34.5 69.7
1 993900 14 36 65.9
1 993900 15 36.5 64.6
1 993900 16 36.6 64.2
1 993900 17 36.2 65.1
1 993900 18 35.2 67.8
1 993900 19 33.5 72.6
1 993900 20 31.3 79.3
1 993900 21 29.1 86.8
1 993900 22 27.2 93.9
1 993900 23 25.8 99.4
1 993900 24 24.5 100



## 2.2 Source Type Population Importer

The source type population importer converts vehicl e type, and registered vehicle population in into MOVES database format. ODOT has provided us wi th the registered vehicle population in each county in the Ohio portion of the region for 1 3 MOVES vehicle types. KYTC has provided registered vehicle population by county for 6 HPMS vehicle types. The KYTC data was converted to the 13 MOVES vehicle types based on th e Ohio distribution. Same vehicle population was used for all analysis years. As per suggestions made by FHWA, the source type population has been forecasted for future years wit h +0.8 % per year. Similarly, the source type populations has been estimated for past years. The MOVES default source type population for intercity bus, refuse trucks, motor homes and combi nation trucks was used. In addition, MOVES default source type population for passenger trucks and light commercial trucks was used for Kentucky. The MOVES default source type p opulation was acquired from the MOVES activity output tables from county-level inventory runs.

Table 2.21: Ohio Source Type Population (acquired f rom ODOT and default)

yearID sourceTypeID sourceTypePopulation

2008 11 68559
2008 21 1191067
2008 31 482420
2008 32 15817
2008 41 454
2008 42 81
2008 43 3651
2008 51 409
2008 52 366
2008 53 361
2008 54 4888
2008 61 4839

# 18 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

2008 62 5548



### Table 2.22: Kentucky Source Type population (acquir ed from KYTC and default)

yearID sourceTypeID sourceTypePopulation

2008 11 7975
2008 21 197009
2008 31 120518
2008 32 40263
2008 41 127
2008 42 21
2008 43 977
2008 51 115
2008 52 761
2008 53 751
2008 54 1379
2008 61 1580
2008 62 1811



## 2.3 Age Distribution Importer

For emission calculation, MOVES requires vehicle Ag e Distribution by Source Type. Vehicle Age Distribution is divided into 30 years based on vehi cle model years. For each vehicle type, the distribution sum adds up to one. ODOT has obtained vehicle registration data from the Ohio Bureau of Motor Vehicles for all the counties in Oh io and processed them to convert into MOVES Age Distribution for 13 vehicle types. KYTC a lso provided vehicle registration data. We have used the same Age Distribution for all year ru ns. All the vehicles older than 30 years are considered as 30-years old. Identical age distribut ion is used for all analysis years. KYTC also provided similar information, but for the 6 HPMS ty pes only. For Kentucky, identical age distributions are used within each HPMS vehicle typ e.

Table 2.3: Ohio Custom Domain Age distribution

Source TypeID yearID ageID ageFraction

11 2008 0 0.0019
11 2008 1 0.0191
11 2008 2 0.0531
11 2008 3 0.0688
11 2008 4 0.0773
11 2008 5 0.0737
11 2008 6 0.0611
11 2008 7 0.0780 11 2008 8 0.0636
11 2008 9 0.0537
11 2008 10 0.0435
11 2008 11 0.0359
11 2008 12 0.0282
11 2008 13 0.0230
11 2008 14 0.0220
11 2008 15 0.0183
11 2008 16 0.0160
11 2008 17 0.0146
11 2008 18 0.0097
11 2008 19 0.0080
11 2008 20 0.0072
11 2008 21 0.0086

# 19 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

11 2008 22 0.0084
11 2008 23 0.0121
11 2008 24 0.0171
11 2008 25 0.0179
11 2008 26 0.0137
11 2008 27 0.0171
11 2008 28 0.0249
11 2008 29 0.0172
11 2008 30 0.0862
21 2008 0 0.0121
21 2008 1 0.0331
21 2008 2 0.0440
21 2008 3 0.0528
21 2008 4 0.0534
21 2008 5 0.0566
21 2008 6 0.0570
21 2008 7 0.0592
21 2008 8 0.0591
21 2008 9 0.0542
21 2008 10 0.0590
21 2008 11 0.0568
21 2008 12 0.0507
21 2008 13 0.0499
21 2008 14 0.0438
21 2008 15 0.0453
21 2008 16 0.0368
21 2008 17 0.0308
21 2008 18 0.0261
21 2008 19 0.0207
21 2008 20 0.0165
21 2008 21 0.0132
21 2008 22 0.0095
21 2008 23 0.0073
21 2008 24 0.0059
21 2008 25 0.0043
21 2008 26 0.0033
21 2008 27 0.0017
21 2008 28 0.0011
21 2008 29 0.0010
21 2008 30 0.0346
31 2008 0 0.0103
31 2008 1 0.0279
31 2008 2 0.0502
31 2008 3 0.0570
31 2008 4 0.0659
31 2008 5 0.0806
31 2008 6 0.0796
31 2008 7 0.0733
31 2008 8 0.0727 31 2008 9 0.0599
31 2008 10 0.0625
31 2008 11 0.0603
31 2008 12 0.0516
31 2008 13 0.0432
31 2008 14 0.0380
31 2008 15 0.0386
31 2008 16 0.0302
31 2008 17 0.0260
31 2008 18 0.0165
31 2008 19 0.0125
31 2008 20 0.0093
31 2008 21 0.0084
31 2008 22 0.0067
31 2008 23 0.0051
31 2008 24 0.0037
31 2008 25 0.0025
31 2008 26 0.0017
31 2008 27 0.0009
31 2008 28 0.0004
31 2008 29 0.0002
31 2008 30 0.0041
32 2008 0 0.0178
32 2008 1 0.0459
32 2008 2 0.0871
32 2008 3 0.0699
32 2008 4 0.0707
32 2008 5 0.0357
32 2008 6 0.0355
32 2008 7 0.0369
32 2008 8 0.0366
32 2008 9 0.0407
32 2008 10 0.0491
32 2008 11 0.0547
32 2008 12 0.0427
32 2008 13 0.0413
32 2008 14 0.0383
32 2008 15 0.0602
32 2008 16 0.0476
32 2008 17 0.0381
32 2008 18 0.0304
32 2008 19 0.0181
32 2008 20 0.0212
32 2008 21 0.0184
32 2008 22 0.0135
32 2008 23 0.0134
32 2008 24 0.0095
32 2008 25 0.0070
32 2008 26 0.0054

# 20 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

32 2008 27 0.0021
32 2008 28 0.0014
32 2008 29 0.0008
32 2008 30 0.0100
41 2008 0 0.0000
41 2008 1 0.0309
41 2008 2 0.0884
41 2008 3 0.0890
41 2008 4 0.0768
41 2008 5 0.0746
41 2008 6 0.0967
41 2008 7 0.0635
41 2008 8 0.0486
41 2008 9 0.0801
41 2008 10 0.0751
41 2008 11 0.0624
41 2008 12 0.0254
41 2008 13 0.0271
41 2008 14 0.0188
41 2008 15 0.0193
41 2008 16 0.0133
41 2008 17 0.0177
41 2008 18 0.0094
41 2008 19 0.0177
41 2008 20 0.0171
41 2008 21 0.0099
41 2008 22 0.0039
41 2008 23 0.0055
41 2008 24 0.0061
41 2008 25 0.0011
41 2008 26 0.0033
41 2008 27 0.0033
41 2008 28 0.0028
41 2008 29 0.0017
41 2008 30 0.0105
42 2008 0 0.0000
42 2008 1 0.0366
42 2008 2 0.1098
42 2008 3 0.0366
42 2008 4 0.1585
42 2008 5 0.0366
42 2008 6 0.0610
42 2008 7 0.0610
42 2008 8 0.0244
42 2008 9 0.1098
42 2008 10 0.0366
42 2008 11 0.0976
42 2008 12 0.0366
42 2008 13 0.0244 42 2008 14 0.0244
42 2008 15 0.0122
42 2008 16 0.0244
42 2008 17 0.0244
42 2008 18 0.0366
42 2008 19 0.0000
42 2008 20 0.0000
42 2008 21 0.0122
42 2008 22 0.0000
42 2008 23 0.0000
42 2008 24 0.0000
42 2008 25 0.0000
42 2008 26 0.0122
42 2008 27 0.0000
42 2008 28 0.0000
42 2008 29 0.0122
42 2008 30 0.0122
43 2008 0 0.0905
43 2008 1 0.0302
43 2008 2 0.0549
43 2008 3 0.0467
43 2008 4 0.0592
43 2008 5 0.0723
43 2008 6 0.0481
43 2008 7 0.0334
43 2008 8 0.0668
43 2008 9 0.0647
43 2008 10 0.0842
43 2008 11 0.0864
43 2008 12 0.0473
43 2008 13 0.0500
43 2008 14 0.0242
43 2008 15 0.0185
43 2008 16 0.0106
43 2008 17 0.0228
43 2008 18 0.0109
43 2008 19 0.0130
43 2008 20 0.0125
43 2008 21 0.0092
43 2008 22 0.0062
43 2008 23 0.0079
43 2008 24 0.0090
43 2008 25 0.0035
43 2008 26 0.0030
43 2008 27 0.0011
43 2008 28 0.0027
43 2008 29 0.0016
43 2008 30 0.0087
51 2008 0 0.0054

# 21 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

51 2008 1 0.0488
51 2008 2 0.0623
51 2008 3 0.0705
51 2008 4 0.0867
51 2008 5 0.0434
51 2008 6 0.0434
51 2008 7 0.0542
51 2008 8 0.0542
51 2008 9 0.0759
51 2008 10 0.0217
51 2008 11 0.0407
51 2008 12 0.0786
51 2008 13 0.0542
51 2008 14 0.0515
51 2008 15 0.0678
51 2008 16 0.0325
51 2008 17 0.0081
51 2008 18 0.0163
51 2008 19 0.0027
51 2008 20 0.0081
51 2008 21 0.0000
51 2008 22 0.0027
51 2008 23 0.0027
51 2008 24 0.0136
51 2008 25 0.0000
51 2008 26 0.0000
51 2008 27 0.0000
51 2008 28 0.0027
51 2008 29 0.0000
51 2008 30 0.0515
52 2008 0 0.0054
52 2008 1 0.0488
52 2008 2 0.0623
52 2008 3 0.0705
52 2008 4 0.0867
52 2008 5 0.0434
52 2008 6 0.0434
52 2008 7 0.0542
52 2008 8 0.0542
52 2008 9 0.0759
52 2008 10 0.0217
52 2008 11 0.0407
52 2008 12 0.0786
52 2008 13 0.0542
52 2008 14 0.0515
52 2008 15 0.0678
52 2008 16 0.0325
52 2008 17 0.0081
52 2008 18 0.0163 52 2008 19 0.0027
52 2008 20 0.0081
52 2008 21 0.0000
52 2008 22 0.0027
52 2008 23 0.0027
52 2008 24 0.0136
52 2008 25 0.0000
52 2008 26 0.0000
52 2008 27 0.0000
52 2008 28 0.0027
52 2008 29 0.0000
52 2008 30 0.0515
53 2008 0 0.0000
53 2008 1 0.0062
53 2008 2 0.0373
53 2008 3 0.0093
53 2008 4 0.0280
53 2008 5 0.0342
53 2008 6 0.0186
53 2008 7 0.0186
53 2008 8 0.0124
53 2008 9 0.0155
53 2008 10 0.0217
53 2008 11 0.0373
53 2008 12 0.0093
53 2008 13 0.0311
53 2008 14 0.0217
53 2008 15 0.0373
53 2008 16 0.0217
53 2008 17 0.0342
53 2008 18 0.0124
53 2008 19 0.0186
53 2008 20 0.0248
53 2008 21 0.0373
53 2008 22 0.0186
53 2008 23 0.0248
53 2008 24 0.0062
53 2008 25 0.0373
53 2008 26 0.0155
53 2008 27 0.0186
53 2008 28 0.0217
53 2008 29 0.0186
53 2008 30 0.3509
54 2008 0 0.0077
54 2008 1 0.0170
54 2008 2 0.0377
54 2008 3 0.0424
54 2008 4 0.0471
54 2008 5 0.0579

# 22 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

54 2008 6 0.0552
54 2008 7 0.0485
54 2008 8 0.0406
54 2008 9 0.0439
54 2008 10 0.0505
54 2008 11 0.0539
54 2008 12 0.0435
54 2008 13 0.0360
54 2008 14 0.0348
54 2008 15 0.0375
54 2008 16 0.0303
54 2008 17 0.0231
54 2008 18 0.0196
54 2008 19 0.0150
54 2008 20 0.0183
54 2008 21 0.0208
54 2008 22 0.0218
54 2008 23 0.0217
54 2008 24 0.0186
54 2008 25 0.0173
54 2008 26 0.0163
54 2008 27 0.0118
54 2008 28 0.0084
54 2008 29 0.0059
54 2008 30 0.0968
61 2008 0 0.0030
61 2008 1 0.0167
61 2008 2 0.0334
61 2008 3 0.0393
61 2008 4 0.0506
61 2008 5 0.0530
61 2008 6 0.0620
61 2008 7 0.0625
61 2008 8 0.0562
61 2008 9 0.0551
61 2008 10 0.0595
61 2008 11 0.0569
61 2008 12 0.0458
61 2008 13 0.0493
61 2008 14 0.0380
61 2008 15 0.0435
61 2008 16 0.0425
61 2008 17 0.0312
61 2008 18 0.0262
61 2008 19 0.0235
61 2008 20 0.0201
61 2008 21 0.0225
61 2008 22 0.0212
61 2008 23 0.0141 61 2008 24 0.0137
61 2008 25 0.0096
61 2008 26 0.0069
61 2008 27 0.0039
61 2008 28 0.0030
61 2008 29 0.0027
61 2008 30 0.0343
62 2008 0 0.0078
62 2008 1 0.0232
62 2008 2 0.0307
62 2008 3 0.0907
62 2008 4 0.0721
62 2008 5 0.0808
62 2008 6 0.0564
62 2008 7 0.0520
62 2008 8 0.0360
62 2008 9 0.0552
62 2008 10 0.1019
62 2008 11 0.0813
62 2008 12 0.0603
62 2008 13 0.0425
62 2008 14 0.0439
62 2008 15 0.0442
62 2008 16 0.0273
62 2008 17 0.0202
62 2008 18 0.0122
62 2008 19 0.0101
62 2008 20 0.0103
62 2008 21 0.0080
62 2008 22 0.0079
62 2008 23 0.0058
62 2008 24 0.0050
62 2008 25 0.0036
62 2008 26 0.0038
62 2008 27 0.0001
62 2008 28 0.0012
62 2008 29 0.0010
62 2008 30 0.0046

# 23 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### Table 2 : Kentucky Custom Domain Age distribution

Source TypeID yearID ageID ageFraction

11 2008 0 0.0020
11 2008 1 0.0323
11 2008 2 0.0606
11 2008 3 0.0826
11 2008 4 0.0831
11 2008 5 0.0774
11 2008 6 0.0667
11 2008 7 0.0830
11 2008 8 0.0650
11 2008 9 0.0495
11 2008 10 0.0424
11 2008 11 0.0345
11 2008 12 0.0287
11 2008 13 0.0214
11 2008 14 0.0240
11 2008 15 0.0208
11 2008 16 0.0138
11 2008 17 0.0129
11 2008 18 0.0092
11 2008 19 0.0051
11 2008 20 0.0052
11 2008 21 0.0058
11 2008 22 0.0078
11 2008 23 0.0108
11 2008 24 0.0153
11 2008 25 0.0168
11 2008 26 0.0124
11 2008 27 0.0160
11 2008 28 0.0228
11 2008 29 0.0152
11 2008 30 0.0568
21 2008 0 0.0118
21 2008 1 0.0665
21 2008 2 0.0596
21 2008 3 0.0642
21 2008 4 0.0611
21 2008 5 0.0705
21 2008 6 0.0694
21 2008 7 0.0699
21 2008 8 0.0719
21 2008 9 0.0619 21 2008 10 0.0633
21 2008 11 0.0591
21 2008 12 0.0490
21 2008 13 0.0442
21 2008 14 0.0348
21 2008 15 0.0318
21 2008 16 0.0241
21 2008 17 0.0191
21 2008 18 0.0142
21 2008 19 0.0111
21 2008 20 0.0088
21 2008 21 0.0066
21 2008 22 0.0049
21 2008 23 0.0039
21 2008 24 0.0028
21 2008 25 0.0024
21 2008 26 0.0018
21 2008 27 0.0009
21 2008 28 0.0005
21 2008 29 0.0005
21 2008 30 0.0094
31 2008 0 0.0000
31 2008 1 0.0000
31 2008 2 0.0000
31 2008 3 0.0000
31 2008 4 0.0238
31 2008 5 0.0119
31 2008 6 0.0119
31 2008 7 0.0119
31 2008 8 0.0119
31 2008 9 0.0000
31 2008 10 0.0238
31 2008 11 0.0357
31 2008 12 0.0119
31 2008 13 0.0952
31 2008 14 0.0833
31 2008 15 0.0595
31 2008 16 0.1071
31 2008 17 0.0357
31 2008 18 0.0357
31 2008 19 0.0357
31 2008 20 0.0119
31 2008 21 0.0476
31 2008 22 0.0238
31 2008 23 0.0119
31 2008 24 0.0119
31 2008 25 0.0595

# 24 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

31 2008 26 0.0357
31 2008 27 0.0000
31 2008 28 0.0238
31 2008 29 0.0238
31 2008 30 0.1548
32 2008 0 0.0000
32 2008 1 0.0000
32 2008 2 0.0000
32 2008 3 0.0000
32 2008 4 0.0238
32 2008 5 0.0119
32 2008 6 0.0119
32 2008 7 0.0119
32 2008 8 0.0119
32 2008 9 0.0000
32 2008 10 0.0238
32 2008 11 0.0357
32 2008 12 0.0119
32 2008 13 0.0952
32 2008 14 0.0833
32 2008 15 0.0595
32 2008 16 0.1071
32 2008 17 0.0357
32 2008 18 0.0357
32 2008 19 0.0357
32 2008 20 0.0119
32 2008 21 0.0476
32 2008 22 0.0238
32 2008 23 0.0119
32 2008 24 0.0119
32 2008 25 0.0595
32 2008 26 0.0357
32 2008 27 0.0000
32 2008 28 0.0238
32 2008 29 0.0238
32 2008 30 0.1548
41 2008 0 0.0455
41 2008 1 0.1136
41 2008 2 0.0000
41 2008 3 0.0114
41 2008 4 0.0227
41 2008 5 0.0000
41 2008 6 0.0000
41 2008 7 0.0114
41 2008 8 0.0114
41 2008 9 0.0227
41 2008 10 0.0114
41 2008 11 0.0568
41 2008 12 0.1250 41 2008 13 0.0227
41 2008 14 0.0000
41 2008 15 0.0341
41 2008 16 0.0341
41 2008 17 0.0682
41 2008 18 0.0455
41 2008 19 0.0909
41 2008 20 0.0568
41 2008 21 0.0455
41 2008 22 0.0341
41 2008 23 0.0455
41 2008 24 0.0227
41 2008 25 0.0227
41 2008 26 0.0114
41 2008 27 0.0000
41 2008 28 0.0227
41 2008 29 0.0000
41 2008 30 0.0114
42 2008 0 0.0455
42 2008 1 0.1136
42 2008 2 0.0000
42 2008 3 0.0114
42 2008 4 0.0227
42 2008 5 0.0000
42 2008 6 0.0000
42 2008 7 0.0114
42 2008 8 0.0114
42 2008 9 0.0227
42 2008 10 0.0114
42 2008 11 0.0568
42 2008 12 0.1250
42 2008 13 0.0227
42 2008 14 0.0000
42 2008 15 0.0341
42 2008 16 0.0341
42 2008 17 0.0682
42 2008 18 0.0455
42 2008 19 0.0909
42 2008 20 0.0568
42 2008 21 0.0455
42 2008 22 0.0341
42 2008 23 0.0455
42 2008 24 0.0227
42 2008 25 0.0227
42 2008 26 0.0114
42 2008 27 0.0000
42 2008 28 0.0227
42 2008 29 0.0000
42 2008 30 0.0114

# 25 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

43 2008 0 0.0455
43 2008 1 0.1136
43 2008 2 0.0000
43 2008 3 0.0114
43 2008 4 0.0227
43 2008 5 0.0000
43 2008 6 0.0000
43 2008 7 0.0114
43 2008 8 0.0114
43 2008 9 0.0227
43 2008 10 0.0114
43 2008 11 0.0568
43 2008 12 0.1250
43 2008 13 0.0227
43 2008 14 0.0000
43 2008 15 0.0341
43 2008 16 0.0341
43 2008 17 0.0682
43 2008 18 0.0455
43 2008 19 0.0909
43 2008 20 0.0568
43 2008 21 0.0455
43 2008 22 0.0341
43 2008 23 0.0455
43 2008 24 0.0227
43 2008 25 0.0227
43 2008 26 0.0114
43 2008 27 0.0000
43 2008 28 0.0227
43 2008 29 0.0000
43 2008 30 0.0114
51 2008 0 0.0025
51 2008 1 0.0200
51 2008 2 0.0386
51 2008 3 0.0436
51 2008 4 0.0495
51 2008 5 0.0579
51 2008 6 0.0667
51 2008 7 0.0698
51 2008 8 0.0620
51 2008 9 0.0611
51 2008 10 0.0675
51 2008 11 0.0619
51 2008 12 0.0508
51 2008 13 0.0529
51 2008 14 0.0397
51 2008 15 0.0397
51 2008 16 0.0375
51 2008 17 0.0276 51 2008 18 0.0204
51 2008 19 0.0184
51 2008 20 0.0158
51 2008 21 0.0174
51 2008 22 0.0152
51 2008 23 0.0108
51 2008 24 0.0108
51 2008 25 0.0071
51 2008 26 0.0052
51 2008 27 0.0031
51 2008 28 0.0021
51 2008 29 0.0021
51 2008 30 0.0220
52 2008 0 0.0025
52 2008 1 0.0200
52 2008 2 0.0386
52 2008 3 0.0436
52 2008 4 0.0495
52 2008 5 0.0579
52 2008 6 0.0667
52 2008 7 0.0698
52 2008 8 0.0620
52 2008 9 0.0611
52 2008 10 0.0675
52 2008 11 0.0619
52 2008 12 0.0508
52 2008 13 0.0529
52 2008 14 0.0397
52 2008 15 0.0397
52 2008 16 0.0375
52 2008 17 0.0276
52 2008 18 0.0204
52 2008 19 0.0184
52 2008 20 0.0158
52 2008 21 0.0174
52 2008 22 0.0152
52 2008 23 0.0108
52 2008 24 0.0108
52 2008 25 0.0071
52 2008 26 0.0052
52 2008 27 0.0031
52 2008 28 0.0021
52 2008 29 0.0021
52 2008 30 0.0220
53 2008 0 0.0025
53 2008 1 0.0200
53 2008 2 0.0386
53 2008 3 0.0436
53 2008 4 0.0495

# 26 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

53 2008 5 0.0579
53 2008 6 0.0667
53 2008 7 0.0698
53 2008 8 0.0620
53 2008 9 0.0611
53 2008 10 0.0675
53 2008 11 0.0619
53 2008 12 0.0508
53 2008 13 0.0529
53 2008 14 0.0397
53 2008 15 0.0397
53 2008 16 0.0375
53 2008 17 0.0276
53 2008 18 0.0204
53 2008 19 0.0184
53 2008 20 0.0158
53 2008 21 0.0174
53 2008 22 0.0152
53 2008 23 0.0108
53 2008 24 0.0108
53 2008 25 0.0071
53 2008 26 0.0052
53 2008 27 0.0031
53 2008 28 0.0021
53 2008 29 0.0021
53 2008 30 0.0220
54 2008 0 0.0025
54 2008 1 0.0200
54 2008 2 0.0386
54 2008 3 0.0436
54 2008 4 0.0495
54 2008 5 0.0579
54 2008 6 0.0667
54 2008 7 0.0698
54 2008 8 0.0620
54 2008 9 0.0611
54 2008 10 0.0675
54 2008 11 0.0619
54 2008 12 0.0508
54 2008 13 0.0529
54 2008 14 0.0397
54 2008 15 0.0397
54 2008 16 0.0375
54 2008 17 0.0276
54 2008 18 0.0204
54 2008 19 0.0184
54 2008 20 0.0158
54 2008 21 0.0174
54 2008 22 0.0152 54 2008 23 0.0108
54 2008 24 0.0108
54 2008 25 0.0071
54 2008 26 0.0052
54 2008 27 0.0031
54 2008 28 0.0021
54 2008 29 0.0021
54 2008 30 0.0220
61 2008 0 0.0000
61 2008 1 0.0064
61 2008 2 0.0295
61 2008 3 0.0205
61 2008 4 0.0321
61 2008 5 0.0346
61 2008 6 0.0423
61 2008 7 0.0308
61 2008 8 0.0269
61 2008 9 0.0179
61 2008 10 0.0462
61 2008 11 0.0410
61 2008 12 0.0359
61 2008 13 0.0513
61 2008 14 0.0333
61 2008 15 0.0359
61 2008 16 0.0423
61 2008 17 0.0269
61 2008 18 0.0295
61 2008 19 0.0231
61 2008 20 0.0385
61 2008 21 0.0397
61 2008 22 0.0333
61 2008 23 0.0346
61 2008 24 0.0295
61 2008 25 0.0192
61 2008 26 0.0346
61 2008 27 0.0128
61 2008 28 0.0141
61 2008 29 0.0128
61 2008 30 0.1244
62 2008 0 0.0000
62 2008 1 0.0064
62 2008 2 0.0295
62 2008 3 0.0205
62 2008 4 0.0321
62 2008 5 0.0346
62 2008 6 0.0423
62 2008 7 0.0308
62 2008 8 0.0269
62 2008 9 0.0179

# 27 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

62 2008 10 0.0462
62 2008 11 0.0410
62 2008 12 0.0359
62 2008 13 0.0513
62 2008 14 0.0333
62 2008 15 0.0359
62 2008 16 0.0423
62 2008 17 0.0269
62 2008 18 0.0295
62 2008 19 0.0231
62 2008 20 0.0385
62 2008 21 0.0397
62 2008 22 0.0333
62 2008 23 0.0346
62 2008 24 0.0295
62 2008 25 0.0192
62 2008 26 0.0346
62 2008 27 0.0128
62 2008 28 0.0141
62 2008 29 0.0128
62 2008 30 0.1244

# 28 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



## 2.4 Vehicle Type VMT and VMT Fractions

This option is useful to import the annual VMT by s ource type into MOVES format. It has input option as HPMS Base Year VMT, for which we can eith er use HPMS data or the Travel Demand Model output. We have used daily VMT from the OKI R egional Travel Demand Model and converted to annual VMT using the VMT converter. Op tions include Month VMT fraction, Day VMT fraction and Hour VMT fraction, which are usefu l for calculating emissions for different time periods. We have used default Monthly VMT dist ribution factors provided in the VMT Converter provided by EPA. Hourly distribution fact ors are developed from traffic count data collected in the region from 2004-2006 and the same set of hourly distribution factors are used for all vehicle types and road types. OKI model cou ld only predict VMT of two different vehicle types’ autos and trucks. So, we have distributed to tal Annual VMT based on vehicle population in the region.

Table 2.41 : Annual VMT for Ohio Custom Domain from OKI travel demand model for 2005

HPMSVtypeID yearID HPMSBaseYearVMT baseYearOffNetVMT

10 2005 67065022 0
20 2005 7405961237 0
30 2005 4943917030 0
40 2005 24512225 0
50 2005 334351024 0
60 2005 567810955 0



### Table 2.41a :Annual VMT for Kentucky Custom Domain from OKI travel demand model for 2005

HPMSVtypeID yearID HPMSBaseYearVMT baseYearOffNetVMT

10 2005 16658465 0
20 2005 1815341688 0
30 2005 1209494070 0
40 2005 5968488 0
50 2005 82065068 0
60 2005 160708291 0



### Table 2.42: Annual VMT for Ohio Custom Domain from OKI travel demand model for 2008

HPMSVtypeID yearID HPMSBaseYearVMT baseYearOffNetVMT

10 2008 69438850 0
20 2008 7668102136 0
30 2008 5118911580 0
40 2008 25379858 0
50 2008 346185690 0
60 2008 587909153 0

# 29 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### Table 2.42a : Annual VMT for Kentucky Custom Domain from OKI travel demand model for 2008

HPMSVtypeID yearID HPMSBaseYearVMT baseYearOffNetVMT

10 2008 17342291 0
20 2008 1889861055 0
30 2008 1259143528 0
40 2008 6213493 0
50 2008 85433821 0
60 2008 167305330 0



### Table 2.43: Annual VMT for Ohio Custom Domain from OKI travel demand model for 2011

HPMSVtypeID yearID HPMSBaseYearVMT baseYearOffNetVMT

10 2008 69438850.44 0
20 2008 7668102136 0
30 2008 5118911580 0
40 2008 25379858.39 0
50 2008 346185689.5 0
60 2008 587909153 0



### Table2.43a: Annual VMT for Kentucky Custom Domain f rom OKI travel demand model for 2011

Table 2.44 : Annual VMT for Ohio Custom Domain from OKI travel demand model for 2015

HPMSVtypeID yearID HPMSBaseYearVMT baseYearOffNetVMT

10 2015 73413634 0
20 2015 8107035747 0
30 2015 5411925719 0
40 2015 26832639 0
50 2015 366001875 0
60 2015 621561950 0



### Table 2.44a: Annual VMT for Kentucky Custom Domain from OKI travel demand model for 2015

HPMSVtypeID yearID HPMSBaseYearVMT baseYearOffNetVMT

10 2015 19903870 0 

### HPMSVtypeID yearID HPMSBaseYearVMT baseYearOffNetVMT

10 2011 18163152 0
20 2011 1979313603 0
30 2011 1318742406 0
40 2011 6507596 0
50 2011 89477649 0
60 2011 175224371 0

# 30 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

20 2015 2169006811 0
30 2015 1445127874 0
40 2015 7131270 0
50 2015 98052996 0
60 2015 192017502 0



### Table 2.45: Annual VMT for Kentucky Custom Domain f rom OKI travel demand model for 2018

HPMSVtypeID yearID HPMSBaseYearVMT baseYearOffNetVMT

10 2018 76802311 0
20 2018 8481245879 0
30 2018 5661733109 0
40 2018 28071199 0
50 2018 382896041 0
60 2018 650252434 0



### Table 2.45a: Annual VMT for Kentucky Custom Domain from OKI travel demand model for 2018

HPMSVtypeID yearID HPMSBaseYearVMT baseYearOffNetVMT

10 2018 21077884 0
20 2018 2296944011 0
30 2018 1530367631 0
40 2018 7551902 0
50 2018 103836577 0
60 2018 203343507 0



### Table 2.46 : Annual VMT for Ohio Custom Domain from OKI travel demand model for 2021

HPMSVtypeID yearID HPMSBaseYearVMT baseYearOffNetVMT

10 2021 79128218 0
20 2021 8738094842 0
30 2021 5833194979 0
40 2021 28921317 0
50 2021 394491797 0
60 2021 669944902 0



### Table 2.46a : Annual VMT for Kentucky Custom Domain from OKI travel demand model for 2021

HPMSVtypeID yearID HPMSBaseYearVMT baseYearOffNetVMT

10 2021 21702396 0
20 2021 2364999583 0
30 2021 1575710506 0
40 2021 7775656 0
50 2021 106913124 0
60 2021 209368320 0

# 31 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### Table 2.47 : Day VMT Fractions used in all RunSpecs

sourceTypeID monthID roadTypeID dayID dayVMTFraction

11 1 1 2 0.237635

11 1 1 5 0.762365
11 1 2 2 0.237635
11 1 2 5 0.762365
11 1 3 2 0.237635
11 1 3 5 0.762365
11 1 4 2 0.237635
11 1 4 5 0.762365
11 1 5 2 0.237635
11 1 5 5 0.762365



### Table 2.48: Hour VMT Fractions used in all RunSpecs

sourceTypeID roadTypeID dayID hourID hourVMTFraction

11 1 2 1 0.021474
11 1 2 2 0.014443
11 1 2 3 0.010968
11 1 2 4 0.007495
11 1 2 5 0.006839
11 1 2 6 0.010359
11 1 2 7 0.01843
11 1 2 8 0.026812
11 1 2 9 0.036385
11 1 2 10 0.047541
11 1 2 11 0.057466
11 1 2 12 0.065079
11 1 2 13 0.071323
11 1 2 14 0.071492
11 1 2 15 0.071723
11 1 2 16 0.072006
11 1 2 17 0.071149
11 1 2 18 0.067887
11 1 2 19 0.061772
11 1 2 20 0.051688
11 1 2 21 0.042866
11 1 2 22 0.03803
11 1 2 23 0.032207
11 1 2 24 0.024568

# 32 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



## 2.5 Average Speed Distribution Importer

This importer allows the user to input average spee d data specific to vehicle type, road type, and time of day/ type of day. The MOVES model defin es 16 “speed bins” which describe the average driving speed on each road type. Unlike MOB ILE 6.2 model, which uses VMT-based speed distribution, MOVES uses fraction of driving time in each speed bin for each vehicle type, for each road type, and for each hour. Thus, for ea ch combination of vehicle type, road type, and hour/day type, the fractions will add to one. This importer was not used for the PM2.5 analysis. OKI utilized a FORTRAN program to post-p rocess OKI Travel Demand Model results into VHT distribution by the MOVES 16 average speed bins.



## 2.6 Road Type Distribution Importer

VHT distribution by the fives MOVES roadway types i s provided from the OKI Travel Demand Model thru the use of post-processing FORTRAN progr am. OKI travel demand model can calculate the VMT or VHT distribution by functional class, which is further processed to obtain road type VMT/VHT distribution. But, our model coul d not predict off network VMT, which is assumed as zero.



## 2.7 Ramp Fraction Importer

This option allows the user to modify the fraction of ramp driving time on selected road types. But, in the current version of MOVES model (MOVES20 10), the emission rates for ramps are erroneously calculated. To circumvent this problem , FHWA has suggested a temporary solution. This solution discussed in the Section 3.



## 2.8 Fuel Formulation Importer and Fuel Supply Import er

The Fuel formulation importer allows the user to select an existing fuel in the MOVES database and change its properties, or create a new fuel for mulation with different fuel properties. But we have used only default fuels available in MOVES default database. The default values were verified by ODOT and KDAQ. Fuel supply importer al lows the user to assign existing fuels to counties, months, and years, and the associated mar ket share for each fuel. We have used default fuel supply from MOVES default database. T he same type of fuel is used for the entire custom domain.

Table 2.81 : Fuel supply data for Ohio Custom Domai n ( same for all years)



### countyID fuelYearID monthGroupID fuelFormulationID marketShare marketShareCV

99390 2008 1 3982 1
99390 2008 1 20011 1

# 33 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

99390 2008 2 3982 1
99390 2008 2 20011 1
99390 2008 3 3982 1
99390 2008 3 20011 1
99390 2008 4 3982 1
99390 2008 4 20011 1
99390 2008 5 3982 1
99390 2008 5 20011 1
99390 2008 6 3982 1
99390 2008 6 20011 1
99390 2008 7 3982 1
99390 2008 7 20011 1
99390 2008 8 3982 1
99390 2008 8 20011 1
99390 2008 9 3982 1
99390 2008 9 20011 1
99390 2008 10 3982 1
99390 2008 10 20011 1
99390 2008 11 3982 1
99390 2008 11 20011 1
99390 2008 12 3982 1
99390 2008 12 20011 1



### Table2.82: Fuel supply data for Kentucky Custom Dom ain (same for all years)

countyID fuelYearID monthGroupID fuelFormulationID marketShare marketShareCV

99210 2012 1 3982 1
99210 2012 1 20011 1
99210 2012 2 3982 1
99210 2012 2 20011 1
99210 2012 3 3982 1
99210 2012 3 20011 1
99210 2012 4 3982 1
99210 2012 4 20011 1
99210 2012 5 3982 1
99210 2012 5 20011 1
99210 2012 6 3982 1
99210 2012 6 20011 1
99210 2012 7 3982 1
99210 2012 7 20011 1
99210 2012 8 3982 1
99210 2012 8 20011 1
99210 2012 9 3982 1
99210 2012 9 20011 1
99210 2012 10 3982 1
99210 2012 10 20011 1
99210 2012 11 3982 1

# 34 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

99210 2012 11 20011 1
99210 2012 12 3982 1
99210 2012 12 20011 1



## 2.9 Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) Importer

The I/M Importer allows the user to import informat ion describing the inspection and maintenance programs. The MOVES default database in cludes an I/M program for this regional although it was suspended in 2005. The default I/M program was turned “off” for all analysis years 2008 and later, by inserting “N” in the “useI Myn” field.



## 2.10 Zone Road Activity Importer

The Zone Road Activity Importer is used only if the Custom Domain option is chosen in the County Domain Manager. We have used value 1 for SHO allocfactor for each road type which means that all of the VMT input by the users is ass igned to custom domain.

Table 2.11 : Kentucky Custom Domain Zone road activ ity data (same for all years)

zoneID roadTypeID SHOAllocFactor

992100 1 1
992100 2 1
992100 3 1
992100 4 1
992100 5 1



### Table 2.12 : Ohio Custom Domain Zone road activity data (same for all years)

zoneID roadTypeID SHOAllocFactor

993900 1 1
993900 2 1
993900 3 1
993900 4 1
993900 5 1



## 3. Ramp Inventory Runs

As discussed earlier, current version of the MOVES (MOVES2010) model cannot calculate Emission Rates for Ramps. To deal with this problem , FHWA has suggested an approach. The steps involved in this method are: (a) Calculating Emission Inventory for Urban Restricted and Rural Restricted road types keeping Ramp fraction a s 1 (b) Finding out total VMT of Urban Restricted and Rural Restricted road types using MO VESactivityoutput option (c) Calculation

# 35 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### Emission Rates for Ramps through dividing Emission Inventory with VMT (d) Finally, using the Emission Rates in post processing for calculating r egional Emission Inventory.

Table 3.1 :Ramp fraction Input

roadTypeID rampFraction

2 1 4 1

# 36 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



## 4. Post-Processing of MOVES Output

4.1 Linking SQL tables to Microsoft Access Microsoft Access 2007 was used for the post-process ing. An ODBC connection with the MOVES output directory was established. Information on h ow to link or import SQL tables to Access can be found in the MOVES Users Guide.


## 4.2 Creating Emission Rate Lookup Tables The ratepervehicle and rateperdistance SQL tables, one set for each state (Kentucky and Ohio) and analysis year, were imported into Access. Ohio emission rates are used for the nonattainment portion of Dearborn County Indiana. Rateperprofile output was not generated by MOVES because evaporative output was not selecte d (i.e. VOC). Tables were renamed with state and analysis year in the format OH_20xxratepe rdistance. All rateperdistance tables were merged with a Union query. The SQL commands are sh own in Figure 4.21. ratepervehicle tables were merged in the same manner.

Table 4.21 :Rateperdistance Union Query

SELECT * FROM OH_2008rateperdistance WHERE MOVESRunID = (select max (MOVESRunID) from OH _2008rateperdistance) AND pollutantID = 3 Or MOVESRunID = (select max (MOVES RunID) from OH_2008rateperdistance) AND pollutantID=110 Or MOVE SRunID = (select max (MOVESRunID) from OH_2008rateperdistance) AND pollu tantID=116 Or MOVESRunID = (select max (MOVESRunID) from OH_2008rateperdistanc e) AND pollutantID=117 Or MOVESRunID = (select max (MOVESRunID) from OH_2008r ateperdistance) AND pollutantID = 31 UNION ALL select * FROM OH_2011rateperdistance WHERE ..... (repeated for each file)



### “Rateperdistance_state” and “Ratepervehicle_state” tables were created from the union query output using a Make Table query. Emission rates fo r each process were summed by pollutant and a stateID field is created. The SQL commands f or creating the “Rateperdistance_state” table are shown in Table 4.22. Unique index fields were identified for each of the two tables. Indexes facilitate more efficient data processing.

Table 4.22: Rateperdistance_State Query

SELECT Val(Mid([LinkID],3,2)) AS StateID, Union_rat eperdistance_state.yearID, Union_rateperdistance_state.monthID, Union_rateperd istance_state.linkID, Union_rateperdistance_state.hourID, Union_rateperdi stance_state.sourceTypeID, Union_rateperdistance_state.roadTypeID, Union_rateperdistance_state.avgSpeedBinID, Union_rateperdistance_state.pollutantID, Sum(Union_rateperdistance_state.ratePerDistance) AS SumOfratePerDistance INTO rateperdistance_state

# 37 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions

FROM Union_rateperdistance_state GROUP BY Val(Mid([LinkID],3,2)), Union_rateperdista nce_state.yearID, Union_rateperdistance_state.monthID, Union_rateperd istance_state.linkID, Union_rateperdistance_state.hourID, Union_rateperdi stance_state.sourceTypeID, Union_rateperdistance_state.roadTypeID, Union_rateperdistance_state.avgSpeedBinID, Union_rateperdistance_state.pollutantID ORDER BY Union_rateperdistance_state.linkID, Union_rateperdistance_state.hourID, Union_rateperdi stance_state.pollutantID;


## 4.3 Creating a VMT Table by County

The VMT table includes Daily VMT by county by analy sis year from the OKI Travel Demand Model (TDM). Summer factors and applied by functio nal class to create Summer VMT. Seasonal factors by functional class are contained in the report, “OKI Travel Demand Forecasting Model, Update of Hourly and Seasonal Fa ctors as Used in Air Quality Impact Calculations”, September 2001. Annual VMT is calcu lated by using EPA’s VMT converter to grow daily VMT to annual VMT. In order to accommod ate an error in MOVES 2010, all VMT values are exclusive of ramp VMT. Ramp VMT and emi ssion are added in later in the process. In order to apply the emission rates, it is necessa ry to factor the county VMT by source type, hour, road type and speed bin.

Table 4.3 : VMT and Source Type Population by Count y and Year



### County Daily VMT Summer
VMT Annual VMT yearID SourceType Population stateID

Boone 3924117 4186006 1273226984 2005 129823 21

Boone 4076584 4355527 1350001557 2008 134028 21

Boone 4383716 4681593 1448879510 2011 136181 21

Boone 4950741 5276742 1628041303 2015 140590 21

Boone 5260102 5597287 1729595179 2018 143991 21

Boone 5478224 5826768 1800571708 2021 147476 21 Campbell 2286217 2437698 741790605 2005 86065 21 Campbell 2339542 2495174 774762729 2008 88853 21 Campbell 2421600 2582758 800372702 2011 90279 21 Campbell 2663159 2844504 875774499 2015 93204 21 Campbell 2771476 2958827 911300109 2018 95458 21 Campbell 2849127 3041704 936445364 2021 97768 21

Kenton 3927743 4182042 1274091658 2005 148193 21

Kenton 3927332 4185652 1300575265 2008 152992 21

Kenton 4049886 4327836 1338544021 2011 155451 21

Kenton 4341124 4614242 1427569992 2015 160484 21

Kenton 4629694 4880614 1522308203 2018 164368 21

Kenton 4715306 5006383 1549817345 2021 168343 21
Butler 578641 7804476 196737836 2005 24915 39

# 38 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### Butler 587582 8133554 199777880 2008 25722 39
Butler 605620 8454053 205910800 2011 26135 39
Butler 657778 8768598 223644400 2015 26982 39
Butler 684361 9232457 232682740 2018 27635 39
Butler 706828 9592567 240321520 2021 28303 39
Clermont 7452286 5391578 2469166037 2005 401759 39
Clermont 7745685 5599530 2598059212 2008 414771 39
Clermont 8050701 5841102 2693716250 2011 421434 39
Clermont 8361487 6035155 2792188144 2015 435082 39
Clermont 8806042 6314640 2940849935 2018 445608 39
Clermont 9150031 6562428 2966037449 2021 456389 39
Dearborn NA 5083331 599761 1684259908 2005 232380 39
Dearborn NA 5262489 613027 1765145113 2008 239906 39
Dearborn NA 5489545 631914 1836768820 2011 243760 39
Dearborn NA 5687698 685272 1899318043 2015 251654 39
Dearborn NA 5952603 712461 1987920583 2018 257742 39
Dearborn NA 6186441 735862 2005371969 2021 263978 39
Hamilton 21859452 23170766 7241529618 2005 862422 39
Hamilton 22124503 23447460 7421005221 2008 890352 39
Hamilton 22426021 23803187 7503612070 2011 904655 39
Hamilton 22849494 24259554 7630232069 2015 933953 39
Hamilton 23630554 25096560 7891617279 2018 956548 39
Hamilton 24098698 25596996 7811737549 2021 979689 39

Warren 5884216 6263010 1949617151 2005 233106 39

Warren 6057338 6464217 2031753523 2008 240655 39

Warren 6406284 6835660 2143504189 2011 244521 39

Warren 6842828 7279441 2285055662 2015 252440 39

Warren 7368035 7836746 2460615706 2018 258547 39

Warren 7707500 8194596 2498432370 2021 264802 39



## 4.4 Source type population and source type VMT distr ibution

A combination of local and MOVES default data were used for the source type populations. The source type VMT fractions are based on the ratio of MOVES default source type population and MOVES default source type VMT. It is assumed that the growth rate of source type populations is equal to the regional annual household growth ra te of 0.8%. Source type VMT fractions are the same for all analysis years.

# 39 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### Table 4.4: Base Year Source Type Population and VMT Fraction

stateID sourceTypeID sourceType Population sourceTypeFract ion sourceTypeVMTFraction

39 11 69121 0.038559 0.005026
39 21 1200827 0.669872 0.555019
39 31 486373 0.271319 0.277725
39 32 15947 0.008896 0.092783
39 41 458 0.000255 0.000754
39 42 82 0.000046 0.000225
39 43 3681 0.002053 0.000858
39 51 0 0.000000 0.000644
39 52 369 0.000206 0.020527
39 53 364 0.000203 0.002663
39 54 4928 0.002749 0.001224
39 61 4879 0.002722 0.017977
39 62 5593 0.003120 0.024576

21 11 8040 0.021370 0.005063

21 21 198623 0.527931 0.551736

21 31 121506 0.322958 0.275546

21 32 40593 0.107894 0.092055

21 41 128 0.000340 0.000745

21 42 21 0.000056 0.000222

21 43 985 0.002618 0.000847

21 51 0 0.000000 0.000641

21 52 767 0.002039 0.020433

21 53 757 0.002012 0.002650

21 54 1390 0.003695 0.001218

21 61 1593 0.004234 0.020634

21 62 1826 0.004853 0.028210



## 4.5 Hourly distribution Hourly distribution factors were derived from OKI’s traffic count database using 2004-2006

counts.


## 4.6 Road type distribution Road type VMT fractions by source type are default values, except for passenger cars (source type 21) and passenger trucks (source type 31). VM T fractions from the OKI TDM are used for passenger cars and passenger trucks.

# 40 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### Table 4.6: Base Year Source Type Population and VMT Fraction

sourceTypeID roadTypeID roadTypeVMTFraction stateID

21 1 0 21

21 2 0.0952 21

21 3 0.0818 21

21 4 0.4741 21

21 5 0.3489 21
31 1 0 21
31 2 0.0952 21
31 3 0.0818 21
31 4 0.4741 21
31 5 0.3489 21

21 1 0 39

21 2 0.0436 39

21 3 0.1256 39

21 4 0.4143 39

21 5 0.4165 39
31 1 0 39
31 2 0.0436 39
31 3 0.1256 39
31 4 0.4143 39
31 5 0.4165 39



## 4.7 Average speed distribution Average speed fractions for each of the 16 speed bi ns are provided by the OKI TDM. The average speed fractions vary by state, year, road t ype and hour.

Table 4.7: Average Speed Distribution (Example: onl y road type 2, year 2011, Ohio values shown)

road TypeID hourID avgSpeedBinID avgSpeedFraction YearID stateID

2 1 1 0.00000000 2011 39

2 1 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 1 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 1 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 1 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 1 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 1 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 1 8 0.00000000 2011 39

# 41 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### 2 1 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 1 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 1 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 1 12 0.19752816 2011 39

2 1 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 1 14 0.00000000 2011 39

2 1 15 0.55187773 2011 39

2 1 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 2 1 0.00000000 2011 39

2 2 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 2 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 2 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 2 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 2 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 2 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 2 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 2 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 2 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 2 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 2 12 0.19752816 2011 39

2 2 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 2 14 0.00000000 2011 39

2 2 15 0.55187773 2011 39

2 2 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 3 1 0.00000000 2011 39

2 3 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 3 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 3 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 3 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 3 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 3 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 3 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 3 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 3 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 3 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 3 12 0.19752816 2011 39

2 3 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 3 14 0.06436270 2011 39

# 42 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### 2 3 15 0.48751503 2011 39

2 3 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 4 1 0.00000000 2011 39

2 4 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 4 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 4 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 4 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 4 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 4 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 4 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 4 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 4 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 4 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 4 12 0.19752816 2011 39

2 4 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 4 14 0.12369152 2011 39

2 4 15 0.42818621 2011 39

2 4 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 5 1 0.00000000 2011 39

2 5 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 5 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 5 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 5 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 5 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 5 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 5 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 5 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 5 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 5 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 5 12 0.26189086 2011 39

2 5 13 0.09782827 2011 39

2 5 14 0.06250896 2011 39

2 5 15 0.33307330 2011 39

2 5 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 6 1 0.00000000 2011 39

2 6 2 0.12369152 2011 39

2 6 3 0.03260396 2011 39

2 6 4 0.03085494 2011 39

# 43 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### 2 6 5 0.01601927 2011 39

2 6 6 0.01563475 2011 39

2 6 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 6 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 6 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 6 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 6 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 6 12 0.19752816 2011 39

2 6 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 6 14 0.00278921 2011 39

2 6 15 0.33028409 2011 39

2 6 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 7 1 0.21880443 2011 39

2 7 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 7 3 0.00278921 2011 39

2 7 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 7 5 0.01131028 2011 39

2 7 6 0.03548550 2011 39

2 7 7 0.03519436 2011 39

2 7 8 0.03514937 2011 39

2 7 9 0.00617093 2011 39

2 7 10 0.08564905 2011 39

2 7 11 0.14691446 2011 39

2 7 12 0.13064235 2011 39

2 7 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 7 14 0.14352342 2011 39

2 7 15 0.14247115 2011 39

2 7 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 8 1 0.21880443 2011 39

2 8 2 0.00278921 2011 39

2 8 3 0.01131028 2011 39

2 8 4 0.01356074 2011 39

2 8 5 0.05711912 2011 39

2 8 6 0.03514937 2011 39

2 8 7 0.02902228 2011 39

2 8 8 0.01193860 2011 39

2 8 9 0.07229727 2011 39

2 8 10 0.05473480 2011 39

# 44 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### 2 8 11 0.08493157 2011 39

2 8 12 0.11645227 2011 39

2 8 13 0.04360641 2011 39

2 8 14 0.20648097 2011 39

2 8 15 0.04180267 2011 39

2 8 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 9 1 0.21880443 2011 39

2 9 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 9 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 9 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 9 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 9 6 0.00278921 2011 39

2 9 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 9 8 0.04679577 2011 39

2 9 9 0.03519436 2011 39

2 9 10 0.08369185 2011 39

2 9 11 0.14590244 2011 39

2 9 12 0.15349370 2011 39

2 9 13 0.02733367 2011 39

2 9 14 0.03771092 2011 39

2 9 15 0.24828365 2011 39

2 9 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 10 1 0.15629548 2011 39

2 10 2 0.04687421 2011 39

2 10 3 0.01563475 2011 39

2 10 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 10 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 10 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 10 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 10 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 10 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 10 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 10 11 0.13957578 2011 39

2 10 12 0.18621788 2011 39

2 10 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 10 14 0.04428952 2011 39

2 10 15 0.28599457 2011 39

2 10 16 0.00000000 2011 39

# 45 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### 2 11 1 0.06436270 2011 39

2 11 2 0.12278771 2011 39

2 11 3 0.01601927 2011 39

2 11 4 0.01563475 2011 39

2 11 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 11 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 11 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 11 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 11 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 11 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 11 11 0.13678656 2011 39

2 11 12 0.18900709 2011 39

2 11 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 11 14 0.02285135 2011 39

2 11 15 0.30743274 2011 39

2 11 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 12 1 0.06436270 2011 39

2 12 2 0.09193278 2011 39

2 12 3 0.04687421 2011 39

2 12 4 0.01563475 2011 39

2 12 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 12 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 12 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 12 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 12 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 12 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 12 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 12 12 0.20031737 2011 39

2 12 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 12 14 0.02285135 2011 39

2 12 15 0.30743274 2011 39

2 12 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 13 1 0.06436270 2011 39

2 13 2 0.09193278 2011 39

2 13 3 0.04687421 2011 39

2 13 4 0.01563475 2011 39

2 13 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 13 6 0.00000000 2011 39

# 46 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### 2 13 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 13 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 13 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 13 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 13 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 13 12 0.19752816 2011 39

2 13 13 0.00868471 2011 39

2 13 14 0.00000000 2011 39

2 13 15 0.33028409 2011 39

2 13 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 14 1 0.06436270 2011 39

2 14 2 0.09193278 2011 39

2 14 3 0.03085494 2011 39

2 14 4 0.03165402 2011 39

2 14 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 14 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 14 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 14 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 14 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 14 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 14 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 14 12 0.19752816 2011 39

2 14 13 0.00868471 2011 39

2 14 14 0.00000000 2011 39

2 14 15 0.33028409 2011 39

2 14 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 15 1 0.06436270 2011 39

2 15 2 0.09193278 2011 39

2 15 3 0.04687421 2011 39

2 15 4 0.01563475 2011 39

2 15 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 15 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 15 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 15 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 15 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 15 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 15 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 15 12 0.19752816 2011 39

# 47 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### 2 15 13 0.00868471 2011 39

2 15 14 0.02285135 2011 39

2 15 15 0.30743274 2011 39

2 15 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 16 1 0.12369152 2011 39

2 16 2 0.07947816 2011 39

2 16 3 0.01563475 2011 39

2 16 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 16 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 16 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 16 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 16 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 16 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 16 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 16 11 0.13957578 2011 39

2 16 12 0.18621788 2011 39

2 16 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 16 14 0.04428952 2011 39

2 16 15 0.28599457 2011 39

2 16 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 17 1 0.20316968 2011 39

2 17 2 0.01563475 2011 39

2 17 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 17 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 17 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 17 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 17 7 0.00278921 2011 39

2 17 8 0.02487101 2011 39

2 17 9 0.05711912 2011 39

2 17 10 0.05722137 2011 39

2 17 11 0.15811770 2011 39

2 17 12 0.14489757 2011 39

2 17 13 0.05018502 2011 39

2 17 14 0.00000000 2011 39

2 17 15 0.28599457 2011 39

2 17 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 18 1 0.15629548 2011 39

2 18 2 0.04687421 2011 39

# 48 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### 2 18 3 0.01563475 2011 39

2 18 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 18 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 18 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 18 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 18 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 18 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 18 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 18 11 0.13957578 2011 39

2 18 12 0.18621788 2011 39

2 18 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 18 14 0.04428952 2011 39

2 18 15 0.28599457 2011 39

2 18 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 19 1 0.00000000 2011 39

2 19 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 19 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 19 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 19 5 0.06436270 2011 39

2 19 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 19 7 0.05932882 2011 39

2 19 8 0.03260396 2011 39

2 19 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 19 10 0.15007727 2011 39

2 19 11 0.14149556 2011 39

2 19 12 0.21316291 2011 39

2 19 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 19 14 0.00000000 2011 39

2 19 15 0.33307330 2011 39

2 19 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 20 1 0.00000000 2011 39

2 20 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 20 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 20 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 20 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 20 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 20 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 20 8 0.00000000 2011 39

# 49 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### 2 20 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 20 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 20 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 20 12 0.19752816 2011 39

2 20 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 20 14 0.15629548 2011 39

2 20 15 0.39558226 2011 39

2 20 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 21 1 0.00000000 2011 39

2 21 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 21 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 21 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 21 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 21 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 21 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 21 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 21 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 21 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 21 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 21 12 0.19752816 2011 39

2 21 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 21 14 0.00000000 2011 39

2 21 15 0.55187773 2011 39

2 21 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 22 1 0.00000000 2011 39

2 22 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 22 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 22 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 22 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 22 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 22 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 22 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 22 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 22 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 22 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 22 12 0.19752816 2011 39

2 22 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 22 14 0.00000000 2011 39

# 50 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### 2 22 15 0.55187773 2011 39

2 22 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 23 1 0.00000000 2011 39

2 23 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 23 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 23 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 23 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 23 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 23 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 23 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 23 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 23 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 23 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 23 12 0.19752816 2011 39

2 23 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 23 14 0.00000000 2011 39

2 23 15 0.55187773 2011 39

2 23 16 0.00000000 2011 39

2 24 1 0.00000000 2011 39

2 24 2 0.00000000 2011 39

2 24 3 0.00000000 2011 39

2 24 4 0.00000000 2011 39

2 24 5 0.00000000 2011 39

2 24 6 0.00000000 2011 39

2 24 7 0.00000000 2011 39

2 24 8 0.00000000 2011 39

2 24 9 0.00000000 2011 39

2 24 10 0.11922233 2011 39

2 24 11 0.12547629 2011 39

2 24 12 0.19752816 2011 39

2 24 13 0.00589550 2011 39

2 24 14 0.00000000 2011 39

2 24 15 0.55187773 2011 39

2 24 16 0.00000000 2011 39

# 51 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



## 4.8 Creating a VMT Table by State, Year, Source Type, Hour, Road Type, and Average Speed Bin

The ‘StateVMT_MakeTableQuery’ query creates a VMT T able by state, source type, hour, road type and average speed utilizing the VMT distributi on factors described in 4.4, 4.5, 4.6 and 4.7. The SQL commands for this query are shown in Table 4.8.

Table 4.8 :State VMT Table Query

SELECT VMT_byBudgetArea.yearID, VMT_byBudgetArea.st ateID, VMT_byBudgetArea.budgetID, roadtypedistribution1.so urceTypeID, hourvmtfraction.hourID, roadtypedistribution1.roadT ypeID, avgSpeedDistribution.avgSpeedBinID, sourecetypepopulation.sourceTypeVMTFraction, hourvm tfraction.hourVMTFraction, roadtypedistribution1.roadTypeVMTFraction, avgSpeedDistribution.avgSpeedFraction, First(VMT_by BudgetArea.[Annual VMT]) AS [FirstOfAnnual VMT], First(VMT_byBudgetArea.[Dai ly VMT]) AS [FirstOfDaily VMT], [FirstOfDaily VMT]*[hourVMTFraction]*[sourceTypeVMTFraction]*[roa dTypeVMTFraction]*[avgSpee dFraction] AS DailyVMT, [FirstOfAnnual VMT]*[sourceTypeVMTFraction]*[hourVMTFraction]*[roa dTypeVMTFraction]*[avgSpee dFraction] AS AnnualizedVMT INTO StateVMT_Table FROM VMT_byBudgetArea INNER JOIN (((avgSpeedDistrib ution INNER JOIN hourvmtfraction ON (avgSpeedDistribution.hourDayID = hourvmtfraction.hourID) AND (avgSpeedDistribution.roadTypeID = hourvmtfract ion.roadTypeID) AND (avgSpeedDistribution.sourceTypeID = hourvmtfractio n.sourceTypeID)) INNER JOIN roadtypedistribution1 ON (avgSpeedDistribution .stateID = roadtypedistribution1.stateID) AND (avgSpeedDistrib ution.roadTypeID = roadtypedistribution1.roadTypeID) AND (avgSpeedDist ribution.sourceTypeID = roadtypedistribution1.sourceTypeID)) INNER JOIN sou recetypepopulation ON (avgSpeedDistribution.sourceTypeID = sourecetypepop ulation.sourceTypeID) AND (avgSpeedDistribution.stateID = sourecetypepopulati on.stateID)) ON (VMT_byBudgetArea.yearID = avgSpeedDistribution.Yea rID) AND (VMT_byBudgetArea.stateID = avgSpeedDistribution.st ateID) GROUP BY VMT_byBudgetArea.yearID, VMT_byBudgetArea. stateID, VMT_byBudgetArea.budgetID, roadtypedistribution1.so urceTypeID, hourvmtfraction.hourID, roadtypedistribution1.roadT ypeID, avgSpeedDistribution.avgSpeedBinID, sourecetypepopulation.sourceTypeVMTFraction, hourvm tfraction.hourVMTFraction, roadtypedistribution1.roadTypeVMTFraction, avgSpeedDistribution.avgSpeedFraction HAVING (((avgSpeedDistribution.avgSpeedFraction)>0) ) ORDER BY VMT_byBudgetArea.yearID, VMT_byBudgetArea. stateID, hourvmtfraction.hourID;



## 5. Combining VMT and Emission Rates; Calculating To tal Emissions

5.1 Summarizing Distance-based Emissions by Source T ype The daily VMT and annual VMT in each state, year, h our, source type, road type, and speed bin is multiplied by the appropriate rate per distance for each pollutant. This query is shown in Table 5.1.

# 52 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### Table 5.1 :Emissions distance Query

SELECT StateVMT_Table.stateID, StateVMT_Table.budge tID, StateVMT_Table.yearID, rateperdistance_state.monthI D, StateVMT_Table.hourID, StateVMT_Table.sourceTypeID, StateVMT_Table.roadTyp eID, StateVMT_Table.avgSpeedBinID, rateperdistance_state .pollutantID, StateVMT_Table.DailyVMT, StateVMT_Table.AnnualizedV MT, rateperdistance_state.SumOfratePerDistance, [DailyV MT]*[SumOfratePerDistance] AS EmissionsDist, [AnnualizedVMT]*[SumOfratePerDist ance] AS AnnualEmissionsDist FROM StateVMT_Table INNER JOIN rateperdistance_stat e ON (StateVMT_Table.stateID = rateperdistance_state.Sta teID) AND (StateVMT_Table.yearID = rateperdistance_state.year ID) AND (StateVMT_Table.sourceTypeID = rateperdistance_stat e.sourceTypeID) AND (StateVMT_Table.hourID = rateperdistance_state.hour ID) AND (StateVMT_Table.roadTypeID = rateperdistance_state. roadTypeID) AND (StateVMT_Table.avgSpeedBinID = rateperdistance_sta te.avgSpeedBinID) GROUP BY StateVMT_Table.stateID, StateVMT_Table.bud getID, StateVMT_Table.yearID, rateperdistance_state.monthI D, StateVMT_Table.hourID, StateVMT_Table.sourceTypeID, StateVMT_Table.roadTyp eID, StateVMT_Table.avgSpeedBinID, rateperdistance_state .pollutantID, StateVMT_Table.DailyVMT, StateVMT_Table.AnnualizedV MT, rateperdistance_state.SumOfratePerDistance;



### A second query further summarizes the emissions by source type. This is necessary in order to combine with vehicle-based emissions that are indep endent of road type and speed.



## 5.2 Summarizing Vehicle-based Emissions by Source ty pe The source population for each county, year, hour, and source type is multiplied by the rate per vehicle for each pollutant. This query is shown in Table 5.2.

Table 5.2: Emissions Vehicle Query

SELECT VMT_byBudgetArea.budgetID, VMT_byBudgetArea. stateID, ratepervehicle_state.yearID, ratepervehicle_state.m onthID, ratepervehicle_state.hourID, ratepervehicle_state.s ourceTypeID, sourecetypepopulation.sourceTypeFraction, VMT_byBudgetArea.SourceTypePopulation, ratepervehic le_state.pollutantID, ratepervehicle_state.SumOfratePerVehicle, ((Nz([VMT_byBudgetArea]!sourceTypePopulation*[sourc eTypeFraction],0)/24)) AS STPop, Nz([VMT_byBudgetArea]!sourceTypePopulation*[ sourceTypeFraction],0) AS STPop2, Nz([VMT_byBudgetArea]!sourceTypePopulation*[sourceT ypeFraction]*[SumOfratePer Vehicle],0) AS emissionsVehicle, Nz(([VMT_byBudgetArea]!sourceTypePopulation*[source TypeFraction]*[SumOfratePe rVehicle])*365,0) AS AnnualemissionsVehicle FROM (sourecetypepopulation INNER JOIN ratepervehic le_state ON (sourecetypepopulation.sourceTypeID = ratepervehicl e_state.sourceTypeID) AND (sourecetypepopulation.stateID = ratepervehicle_sta te.StateID)) INNER JOIN VMT_byBudgetArea ON (ratepervehicle_state.StateID = VMT_byBudgetArea.stateID) AND (ratepervehicle_state.yearID = VMT_byBudgetArea .yearID) GROUP BY VMT_byBudgetArea.budgetID, VMT_byBudgetAre a.stateID, ratepervehicle_state.yearID, ratepervehicle_state.m onthID, ratepervehicle_state.hourID, ratepervehicle_state.s ourceTypeID, sourecetypepopulation.sourceTypeFraction, VMT_byBudgetArea.SourceTypePopulation, ratepervehic le_state.pollutantID, ratepervehicle_state.SumOfratePerVehicle;

# 53 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



## 5.3 Ramp Emissions Ramp emission rates, calculated as discussed in Sec tion 3, are multiplied by ramp VMT in each state, year and source type. This query is shown i n Table 5.3.

Table 5.3: Ramp Emissions Query

SELECT VMT_byBudgetArea.stateID, VMT_byBudgetArea.y earID, hourvmtfraction.hourID, hourvmtfraction.sourceTypeI D, hourvmtfraction.hourVMTFraction, ramp_rate.pollutan tID, VMT_byBudgetArea.[Ramp VMT], ([Ramp VMT]*[hourVMTFr action])/13 AS HourlyRampVMT, ramp_rate.ramprate, [HourlyRampVMT]* [ramprate] AS RampEmissions, ([HourlyRampVMT]*[ramprate])*340 AS RampEmissionsAnnual FROM (hourvmtfraction INNER JOIN ramp_rate ON hourv mtfraction.hourID = ramp_rate.hourID) INNER JOIN VMT_byBudgetArea ON (r amp_rate.yearID = VMT_byBudgetArea.yearID) AND (ramp_rate.StateID = V MT_byBudgetArea.stateID) WHERE (((hourvmtfraction.roadTypeID)=4)) ORDER BY VMT_byBudgetArea.stateID, VMT_byBudgetArea .yearID, hourvmtfraction.hourID, hourvmtfraction.sourceTypeI D, ramp_rate.pollutantID;



## 5.4 Summarizing Results Distance-based emissions by source type, vehicle-ba sed emissions by source type, and ramp emissions by source type are summed by state, year and pollut ant. This query is shown below. This is also wher e criteria may be set for limiting the results. A su m of VMT and source type population is also useful as a verification that all steps were run properly. The appropriate monthID criteria should be set here. The annual average temperature profile is contained in April (monthID=4).

Table 5.41:Results by State Query

SELECT EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.stateID

, EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.budgetID, Emis sionsDistance_bySourceType_State.yearID, EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.pollutantName, Sum(EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.SumOfDaily VMT) AS SumOfSumOfDailyVMT, Sum(RampEmissions_Query_State.HourlyRampVMT) AS Sum OfHourlyRampVMT1, Sum(EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.SumOfAnnua lizedVMT) AS SumOfSumOfAnnualizedVMT, First(EmissionsVehicle_Query_State.SourceTypePopula tion) AS FirstOfSourceTypePopulation, Sum(EmissionsVehicle_Query_State.SourceTypePopulati on) AS SumOfSourceTypePopulation, Sum(EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.SumOfEmiss ionsDist) AS SumOfSumOfEmissionsDist, Sum(EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.SumOfAnnua lEmissionsDist) AS SumOfSumOfAnnualEmissionsDist, Sum(Nz([emissionsVeh icle],0)) AS EmissionsVeh, Sum(Nz([AnnualemissionsVehicle],0)) AS AnnualEmissi onsVeh, Sum(RampEmissions_Query_State.RampEmissions) AS Sum OfRampEmissions, Sum(RampEmissions_Query_State.RampEmissionsAnnual) AS SumOfRampEmissionsAnnual, (([SumOfSumOfEmissionsDist]+[EmissionsVeh]+[SumOfRa mpEmissions])/1000)*0.001102 AS DailyEmissionsTONS, (([SumOfSumOfAnnualEmissionsDist]+[AnnualEmissionsV eh]+[SumOfRampEmissionsAnnual])/1000)*0.0
01102 AS AnnualEmissionsTONS FROM (EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State LEFT JOI N EmissionsVehicle_Query_State ON

# 54 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### (EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.yearID = Emis sionsVehicle_Query_State.yearID) AND (EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.stateID = Emi ssionsVehicle_Query_State.stateID) AND (EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.monthID = Emi ssionsVehicle_Query_State.monthID) AND (EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.hourID = Emis sionsVehicle_Query_State.hourID) AND (EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.sourceTypeID = EmissionsVehicle_Query_State.sourceTypeID) AND (EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.pollutant ID = EmissionsVehicle_Query_State.pollutantID)) INNER JOIN RampEmissions_Query_State ON (EmissionsD istance_bySourceType_State.stateID = RampEmissions_Query_State.stateID) AND (EmissionsDi stance_bySourceType_State.yearID = RampEmissions_Query_State.yearID) AND (EmissionsDis tance_bySourceType_State.sourceTypeID = RampEmissions_Query_State.sourceTypeID) AND (Emissi onsDistance_bySourceType_State.pollutantID = RampEmissions_Query_State.pollutantID) AND (Emissio nsDistance_bySourceType_State.hourID = RampEmissions_Query_State.hourID) GROUP BY EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.state ID, EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.budgetID, Emis sionsDistance_bySourceType_State.yearID, EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.pollutantName, EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.monthID, Emiss ionsDistance_bySourceType_State.pollutantID HAVING (((EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.mont hID)=4));

County-level emissions are also calculated based on county VMT, as reported by the OKI Travel Demand Model. Table 5.42 shows the query for calculating the county level results.

Table 5.42:Results by County Query

SELECT VMT.State, VMT.County, EmissionsDistance_byS ourceType_State.stateID, EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.budgetID, Emis sionsDistance_bySourceType_State.yearID, EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.pollutantName, VMT.SourceTypePopulation, VMT.[Daily VMT], VMT.[Annual VMT], VMT.[All Daily VMT], [Daily VMT]/ [SumOfSumOfDailyVMT] AS CountyFraction, Sum(EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.SumOfDaily VMT) AS SumOfSumOfDailyVMT, Sum(RampEmissions_Query_State.HourlyRampVMT) AS Sum OfHourlyRampVMT1, Sum(EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.SumOfAnnua lizedVMT) AS SumOfSumOfAnnualizedVMT, First(EmissionsVehicle_Query_State.SourceTypePopula tion) AS FirstOfSourceTypePopulation, Sum(EmissionsVehicle_Query_State.SourceTypePopulati on) AS SumOfSourceTypePopulation, Sum(EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.SumOfEmiss ionsDist) AS SumOfSumOfEmissionsDist, Sum(EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.SumOfAnnua lEmissionsDist) AS SumOfSumOfAnnualEmissionsDist, Sum(Nz([emissionsVeh icle],0)) AS EmissionsVeh, Sum(Nz([AnnualemissionsVehicle],0)) AS AnnualEmissi onsVeh, Sum(RampEmissions_Query_State.RampEmissions) AS Sum OfRampEmissions, Sum(RampEmissions_Query_State.RampEmissionsAnnual) AS SumOfRampEmissionsAnnual, (([SumOfSumOfEmissionsDist]+[EmissionsVeh]+[SumOfRa mpEmissions])/1000)*0.001102 AS DailyEmissionsTONS, (([SumOfSumOfAnnualEmissionsDist]+[AnnualEmissionsV eh]+[SumOfRampEmissionsAnnual])/1000)*0.0 01102 AS AnnualEmissionsTONS, [DailyEmissionsTONS]* [CountyFraction] AS CountyDailyEmissions, [AnnualEmissionsTONS]*[CountyFraction] AS CountyAnn ualEmissions FROM VMT INNER JOIN ((EmissionsDistance_bySourceTyp e_State LEFT JOIN EmissionsVehicle_Query_State ON (EmissionsDistance_ bySourceType_State.pollutantID = EmissionsVehicle_Query_State.pollutantID) AND (Emis sionsDistance_bySourceType_State.sourceTypeID = EmissionsVehicle_Query_State.sourceTypeID) AND (E missionsDistance_bySourceType_State.hourID =

# 55 Appendix: OKI Technical Documentation for Using EPA MOVES to Develop Mobile Source Emissions



### EmissionsVehicle_Query_State.hourID) AND (Emissions Distance_bySourceType_State.monthID = EmissionsVehicle_Query_State.monthID) AND (Emission sDistance_bySourceType_State.stateID = EmissionsVehicle_Query_State.stateID) AND (Emission sDistance_bySourceType_State.yearID = EmissionsVehicle_Query_State.yearID)) INNER JOIN Ra mpEmissions_Query_State ON (EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.hourID = Ramp Emissions_Query_State.hourID) AND (EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.pollutantID = RampEmissions_Query_State.pollutantID) AND (EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.sourceTypeID = RampEmissions_Query_State.sourceTypeID) AND (EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.yearID = RampEmissions_Query_State.yearID) AND (EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.stateID = Ram pEmissions_Query_State.stateID)) ON (VMT.yearID = EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State. yearID) AND (VMT.stateID = EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.stateID) GROUP BY VMT.State, VMT.County, EmissionsDistance_b ySourceType_State.stateID, EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.budgetID, Emis sionsDistance_bySourceType_State.yearID, EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.pollutantName, VMT.SourceTypePopulation, VMT.[Daily VMT], VMT.[Annual VMT], VMT.[All Daily VMT], EmissionsDis tance_bySourceType_State.monthID, EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.pollutantID HAVING (((EmissionsDistance_bySourceType_State.mont hID)=4));

# Appendix F

Section 110 Provisions and
Infrastructure Submittal

## Steven L. Beshear Governor Leonard K. 

## Peters Secretary

Energy and Environment cabinet Department for Environmental Protection 

## Division for Air 

## Quality 200 Fair Oaks Lane, ld 

## Floor Frankfort, Kentucky 40601-1403 www.air.ky.gov

September 8,2009

Stan Meiburg Acting Regional Administrator U.S. EPA, Region 4 Atlanta Federal Center 61 Forsyth Street, SW Atlanta, Georgia 30365

Dear Mr. Meiburg:

The Kentucky Energy and Environment Cabinet (EEC) hereby submits to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) a letter certifying that Kentucky's existing State Implementation Plan (SIP) contains Section 110 provisions that address the requirements for the PM2 5 

## 8-hour ozone, and Lead National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).

Under section 110(a)(l) and 

## (2) of the Clean Air Act (CAA), all states are required to submit plans to provide for the implementation, maintenance, and enforcement of any new or revised National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS). Section 110(a)(l) and (2) require
states to address basic program elements, including requi&ments for emissions inventories, monitoring, and modeling, among other things. States are required to submit SIPS to EPA which demonstrate that these basic program elements have been addressed within 

## 3 years of the promulgation of any new or revised NAAQS. Subsections (A) through (M) of section 110(a)(2), set forth the elements that a state's program must contain in the SIP. The list of section 110(a)(2) NAAQS requirements and Kentucky's provisions are listed below.

Emission limits and other control measures: Section 110(a)(2)(A) of the CAA requires SIPS to include enforceable emission limits and other control measures, means or techniques, schedules

or compliance and other related matters.

Kentucky Authority:

0 

## Kentucky Revised Statute Chapter 224 Section 10-100 (KRS 224.10-100) provides the Energy and Environment Cabinet the authority to administer all rules, regulations and orders promulgated under Chapter 224, and to provide for the prevention, abatement, and control of all water, land, and air pollution. Chapter 50 General Administrative Procedures.

Printedon Recycled Paper

## Stan Meiburg US. EPA, Region 4 Page 2 September 8,2009

Regulation 40 1 KAR 5 1 :010 Attainment Status Designations, establishes nonattainment

areas and timetables for these areas to achieve the standard. The division is in the
process of updating this regulation to specify PM2 5 

## as well 

## as PMlo but, continues to use PMlo as 

## the surrogate for PM2 5 

### as 

## recommended by 

## U.S. EPA.

0 

## Regulation 401 

## KAR 50:055 General Compliance Requirements. Section 1 Emissions shutdown and malfunction. Chapter 51 Attainment and Maintenance of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Regulation 401 KAR 51:005 Purpose and General Provisions. Section 3 Notification and Recordkeeping. Section 4 Monitoring Regs. Chapter 52 Permits, Registrations, and Prohibitory Rules. 401 KAR 52:020 Title 

## V Permits establishes requirements for air contaminant sources located in Kentucky that are required to obtain a Title V 

## permit. 401 KAR 

## 52:030 Federally-Enforceable Permits for Nonmajor Sources establishes requirements for air contaminant sources located in Kentucky that accept emissions limitations to avoid the New Source Review requirements under Title I of the Clean Air Act or the Operating Permit Program requirements under Title V 

## of the Clean Air Act. 401 

## KAR 52:040 State-Origin Permits establishes requirements for minor sources whose permits are not required to be federally enforceable. Regulation 401 KAR 53:010, Ambient Air Quality Standards. Serves to establish the requirement for regulations for the prevention, abatement, and control of air pollution.

Ambient air quality monitoringldata system: 

## Section 110(a)(2)(B) of the CAA requires SIPS
to include provisions to provide for establishment and operation of ambient air quality monitors, collecting and analyzing ambient air quality data, and presentation of these data available to EPA
upon request.

Kentucky Authority: 

## KRS 224.10-100 (22) requires the installation, maintenance, and use of equipment, devices, or test and methodologies to monitor the nature and amount of any substance emitted into the ambient air and to provide the information to the cabinet. Chapter 50 General Administrative Procedures spells out the requirements for monitoring. Regulation 401 KAR 

## 51:017 Prevention of SignzJicant Deterioration of Air Quality (PSD) applies to the construction of any new major stationary source or any project at an existing major stationary source in an area designated as attainment or unclassifiable. Regulation 401 KAR 50:050 authorize the monito'ring of ambient air quality. Regulation 401 KAR 53:010 Ambient Air Quality Standards sets ambient air quality standards necessary for the protection of the public health, welfare, and property. Regulation 401 KAR 

## 50:045 Performance Test establishes the requirements for these
tests.

### Stan Meiburg U.S. EPA, Region 4 Page 3 September 8,2009



## Program for enforcement of control measures: Section 110(a)(2)(C) of the CAA requires States to include a program that provides for enforcement of all SIP measures and the regulation of construction of new or modified stationary sources to meet prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) and nonattainment new source review (NSR) requirements.



## Kentucky Authority: Chapter 5 1 

## Attainment and Maintenance of the NAAQS. 

### Regulation 401 KAR 51:017 

## Prevention of SigniJicant Deterioration of Air Quality applies to the construction of any new major stationary source or any project at an existing major stationary source in an area designated as attainment or unclassifiable. The division is in the process of updating this regulation to specify PM2 5 

### as well as PMlo but, continues to use PMlo as the surrogate for PM2 5 

### as recommended by U.S. EPA. Regulation 401 KAR 50:060 

## Enforcement, provides for enforcement of the terms and conditions of permits and compliance schedules.



## interstate transport: Section 110(a)(2)(D) of the CAA requires SIPS to include provisions prohibiting any 

### source of other type of emissions activity in one state from contributing significantly to nonattainment of the NAAQS in another State. States are required to submit 1

lO(a)(2)(D)(i) plans to demonstrate compliance with these provisions.



## Kentucky Authority: Finding regarding section llO(a)(2)(D)(i) promulgated submitted on 12/10/07 for the 1997 8-hour ozone and PM? 5 

### National Ambient Air Oualitv Standards..

-. 

## . Kentucky submitted the 110(a)(l) plan on 12/7/07 for the 1997 &hour ozone and PM2.5 NAAQS. ~entuck~'s Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAB) was approved 10/4/07 (72 FR 56623) The Final Regional Haze SIP was submitted to U.S. EPA on 6/25/08. The Final 8-Hour Ozone Attainment Demonstration was submitted to U.S. EPA on 12/07/07. The Final PM,, Attainment Demonstration was submitted to U.S. EPA on 12/03/08.



## Adequate resources: Section 110(a)(2)(E) of the CAA requires states to provide for adequate personnel, funding and legal authority under State law to carry out its SIP and related issues.



## Kentucky Authority: KRS 224.10-100 

## Powers and Duties of 

## the Cabinet, provides for authority under State law to carry out its SIP and related issues.

### Stan Meiburg U.S. EPA, Region 4 Page 4 September 8,2009

KRS 224.10-100 Powers and Duties of the Cabinet, Section (11) provides for the authority to accept, receive, and administer grants or other funds or gifts from public and private agencies including the federal government for the purpose of carrying out any fo the functions of the cabinet. Regulation 401 KAR 50:038 Air Emissions Fee provides for the assessment of fees
necessary to fund the state Title V permit program.

Stationary source monitoring system: 

### Section 110(a)(2)(F) of the CAA requires States to establish a system to monitor emissions from stationary sources and to submit periodic emissions reports.

Kentucky Authority: 

### Chapter 50 General Administrative Procedures. Regulation 401 KAR 50:050 Monitoring, Section 1 Monitoring Records and Reporting establishes the requirements for the installation, use, and maintenance of stack gas and ambient air monitoring equipment. Regulation 401 KAR 50:055 General Compliance Requirements, Section 1 Emission During Shut Down Malfunction.

Emergency power: 

### Section 110(a)(2)(G) of the CAA requires States to provide for authority to address activities causing imminent and substantial endangerment to public health, including contingency plans to implement the emergency episode provisions in their SIPS.

Kentucky Authority: 

### Chapter 55 Emergency Episodes. Regulation 401 KAR 55:005 Signzjkant Harm Criteria, Section 1 Purpose defines those levels of pollutant concentration whicli must be prevented in order to avoid significant harm to the health of persons. Regulation 401 KAR 

### 55:010 Episodic Criteria defines those levels of pollutant concentrations which justify the proclamation of an air pollution alert, air pollution warning, an air pollution emergency. Regulation 401 KAR 

### 55:015 Episode Declaration provides for the curtailment or reduction of processes or operations which emit an air contaminant or an air contaminant precursor whose criteria has been reached and are located in the affected areas for which



### an episode level has been declared. All of Kentucky is considered a Priority 111 Area, and therefore no emergency episode plan for PM, 

# , is required. An emergency episode was already included for the 1-hour ozone standard and would suffice for the 8-hour ozone standard.

### Stan Meiburg US. EPA, Region 4 Page 5 September 8,2009



## Future SIP revisions: Section 110(a)(2)(H) of the CAA requires States to have the authority to revise their SIPS in response to chhges in the NAAQS, availability of improved methods for attaining the NAAQS, or in response to an EPA finding that the SIP is substantially inadequate.



## Kentucky Authority: Chapter 53 Ambient Air Quality. Regulation 401 KAR 53:OlO Ambient Air Quality Standards. Regulation 401 KAR 51:010 Attainment Status Designations contains provisions for the cabinet to review applicable data and submit to US. EPA revisions to the attainmentnonattainment list pursuant to 42 USC 7407.



## Consultation with government officials: Section 110(a)(2)(J) of the CAA requires States to provide a process for consultation with local governments and Federal Land Managers carrying out NAAQS implementation requirements pursuant to CAA Section 121 relating to consultation.



## Kentucky Authority:

Chapter 50 General Administrative Procedures. Regulation 401 KAR 

### 51:017 Prevention of Signz$cant Deterioration of Air Quality. Section 15 Public Participation. Regulation 401 

### KAR 52100 Public, Affected State, and US. EPA Review establishes the procedures used by the cabinet to provide for the review of federally-enforceable permits by the public, affected states, and the U.S. EPA. Regulation 401 KAR 50:066 Conformity of Transportation Plans, Programs, and Projects establishes criteria and procedures for the interagency consultation process used 

### in demonstrating conformity of federal transportation plans to the SIP.



## Public notification: Section 110(a)(2)(J) of the CAA further requires States to notify the public if NAAQS are exceeded in an area and to enhance public awareness of measure that can be taken to prevent exceedances.



## Kentucky Authority:

Chapter 5 1 Attainment and Maintenance ofthe National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Regulation 401 KAR 51:017 Prevention of Signijkant Deterioration (PSD) of Air Quality. Section 

## 15 Public Participation.

### Stan Meiburg U.S. EPA, Region 4 Page 6 September 8,2009

Regulation 401 

## KAR 52:100 Public, Affected State, and US. EPA Review establishes the procedures used by the cabinet to provide for the review of federally-enforceable permits by the public, affected states, and the U.S. EPA.

PSD and visibility protection: Section 110(a)(2)(J) of the CAA also requires States to meet applicable requirements of Part C related to PSD and visibility protection.

Kentucky Authority:

Chapter 51. Attainment and Maintenance of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Regulation 401 KAR 

### 51 :O17 Prevention of Signzjkant Deterioration ofAiv Quality.

0 

### Regulation 401 KAR 63:005 Open Burning establishes requirements for the control of

open burning. Regulation 401 

### KAR 63:010 Fugitive Emissions provides for the control of figitive emissions.

Air 

### quality modelmg/data: Section 110(a)(2)(K) of the CAA requires that SIPS provide for performing air quality modeling so that effects on air quality of emissions from NAAQS pollutants can be predicted and submission of such data to EPA can be made.

Kentucky Authority:



## * Chapter 50 General Administrative Procedures. Regulation 401 

### KAR 50:040 Air Quality Models specifies general provisions for the use of air quality models. Regulation 401 KAR 50:050 Monitoring.

Permitting fees: Section 110(a)(2)(L) of the CAA requires SrPs to require each major stationary

source to pay permitting fees to cover the costs of reviewing, approving, implementing, and enforcing a permit.

Kentucky Authority: 401 

## KAR 50:038 Air Emissions Fee provides for the assessment of fees necessary to fknd the state permit program.

### Stan Meiburg U.S. 

### EPA, Region 4 Page 

### 7 September 8,2009

Consultation/participation by 

## affected local entities: Section 110(a)(2)(M) of the CAA requires States to provide for consultation and participation in SIP development by local political subdivision affected by the SIP.



## Kentucky Authority:

Chapter 65 Mobile Source Related Emissions. Regulation 401 KAR 50:066 Conformity of Transportation Plans, Programs, and Projects. Regulation 401 KAR 

### 50:035 Permits. Section 7 

### Procedures for public participation. KRS Chapter 77 

### Local Authority.

If you have any questions or comments concerning this matter, please contact John Gowins at the Division for Air Quality at (502) 564-3999.

# Appendix G

Kentucky Regulations (KAR)

CAIR

NO x 

# SIP Call

KY Cabinet Powers and Duties

Reasonably Available Control Measures

Open Burning

Fugitive Emissions401 KAR 51:210. CAIR NOx annual trading program.

RELATES TO: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.121, 51.122, 72.2, 75.1, 75.2, 75.4, 75.11-7 5.13, 75.17, 75.19, 75.20, 75.24, 75.70, 75.72, 75.74, 75.75, Part 96, 42 U.S.C. 7410 STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100(5), 42 U.S.C. 7410 NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100(5) requires the Environmental and Publ ic Protection Cabinet to promul gate administrative regulations for the preventi on, abatement, and control of air pollution . This administrativ e regulation establis hes requirements for the control of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from large boilers and turbines used in po wer plants, pursuant to the federal mandat e published under the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR), 40 C.F.R. 96.101 to 96.188. Th is administrative regul ation is not more stringent than the pro visions allowed under the federal mandate.

Section 1. Applicability. This admi nistrative regulation shall apply to CAIR NO x units in Kentucky that are subject to 40 C.F.R. 96.104.

Section 2. Compliance Requirements. CAIR NOx units shall comply with the following requirements: (1) 40 C.F.R. 96.101 to 96.108 (Subpart AA), "CAIR NOx Annual Trading Program General Provisions"; (2) 40 C.F.R. 96.110 to 96.115 (Subpart BB), "CAIR Designated Representative for CAIR NOx Sources"; (3) 40 C.F.R. 96.120 to 96.124 (Subpart CC), "Permits"; (4) 40 C.F.R. 96.150 to 96.157 (Subpart FF), "CAIR NOx Allowance Tracking System"; (5) 40 C.F.R. 96.160 to 96.162 (Subpart GG), "CAIR NOx Allowance Transfers"; (6) 40 C.F.R. 96.170 to 96.175 (Subpart HH), "Monitoring and Reporting"; and (7) 40 C.F.R. 96.180 to 96.188 (Subpart II), "Cair Nox Opt-in Units".

Section 3. Methodology for the Allocation and Sale of CA IR NOx Annual Allowances. The number of CAIR NOx allowances to be allocated to each CAIR NOx unit by the cabinet and to be sold by the Commonwea lth of Kentucky shall be determ ined pursuant to this section. (1) The total number of CAIR NOx allowances shall be: (a) For the 2009 through 2014 control periods , 83,205 tons, as specified in 40 C.F.R. 96.140; and (b) For the 2015 control periods and therea fter, 69,337 tons, as specified in 40 C.F.R. 96.140. (2) The total number of CAIR NOx allowances assi gned to Kentucky shall be divided into separate pools as follows: (a) Ninety-eight (98) percent of this amount allocat ed for each control period to units that commence commercial operatio n before: 1. January 1, 2006, for the control periods 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014; 2. January 1, 2009, for the control period 2015; and 3. Thereafter, January 1 of the year that is six (6) years before the first year of the next control period; and (b) Two (2) percent of this amount for each control per iod sold by the Commonwealth of Kentucky with the proceeds deposit ed into Kentucky's general fund. (3) For each CAIR NOx unit, the baseline heat input or adjusted control period heat input in mmBtu shall be determined an d shall be used to determine CAIR NOx allowances for th e pool specified in subsection (2)( a) of this section as follows: (a) For CAIR NOx units commencing operation before January 1, 2001, and 1. Operating each calendar year during a period of five (5) or more consecutive years, the baseline heat input shall be t he average of the three (3) highest amounts of the unit's adjusted contro l period heat input for 2001 through 2005; or 2. For units not having operated each calendar year for a period of five (5) or more c onsecutive years, the baseline heat input shall be established during the next allocation period when the unit has five (5) cons ecutive years of operation, using the average of the three (3) highest amounts of the unit's adjusted control period heat input for the most recent five (5) consec utive years of operation; (b) For units commencing operation on or after January 1, 2001, and operating each calendar year during a period of five (5) or more consecutive years, the baseline heat input shall be the average of the three (3) highest amount s of the unit's adjusted control period heat input for the most recent five (5) consecutive years of operation; or (c) For units that have not operated each calendar year dur ing a period of five (5) or more consecutive years, the baseli ne heat input shall not be established. For purposes of allocations, the heat input shall be the average of the three (3) highest amounts of the unit's ad justed control period heat input for the previous five (5) years of operation, the: 1. Adjusted control period heat input for a control period of not operating shall equal zero; and 2. Cabinet shall allocate CAIR NOx allowances for the unit. (4) The adjusted control period heat inpu t for each year shall be calculated as follows: (a) If the unit is coal-fired during the year, the unit 's control period heat input for th at year shall be multiplied by 100 percent; (b) If the unit is oil-fired during the year, the unit's control period heat input for that year shall be multiplied by s ixty (60) percent; and (c) If the unit is not subject to paragraphs (a) or (b ) of this subsection, the unit's control period heat input for that year shall be multiplied by forty (40) percent. (5) For a calendar year, the unit's control period heat input and the unit's status as coal-fired or oil-fired shall be d etermined: (a) In accordance with 40 C.F.R. Part 75, if the unit is subject to 40 C.F.R. Part 75; (b) By the best available data reported to the cabinet for the unit if the unit is not otherwise subject to 40 C.F.R. Par t 75; or (c) By the best avai lable data obtained by the cabinet. (6) For CAIR NOx units included in the pool specified in subsection (2)(a) of this secti on, the cabinet shall allocate CA IR NOx allowances to each CAIR NOx unit in an amount equal to the result obtained by: (a) Multiplying the total amount of CAIR NOx allowances specified in subsection (2)(a) of this section by the baseline he at input for each unit or the heat input established under subsec tion (3)(c) of this section; (b) Dividing by the total amount of baseline heat i nput and the heat input established under subsection (3)(c) of this se ction for all applicable CAIR NOx units; and (c) Rounding to the nearest whole CAIR NOx allowance, as appropriate. (7) The cabinet shall submit to the U.S. EPA and CAIR NO x sources the CAIR NOx allowances to be allocated and sold from t he pools specified in subsection (2) of this section in a format prescribed by the U.S. EPA by: (a) October 31, 2006, for the control periods in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014; (b) October 31, 2009, for control period 2015; and (c) October 31 of each year thereafter, for the contro l period in the sixth year after the year of the applicable deadlin e for submission under this paragraph.

Section 4. Compliance Supplement Pool. The CAIR desi gnated representative may request ear ly reduction credits and the all ocation of CAIR NOx 

### Page 1 of 2 401 KAR 51:210. CAIR NOx annual trading program.

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...allowances from the compliance supplement pool established under 40 C.F.R. 96.143(a) fo r any CAIR NOx unit in the Commonwealth that achieves emission reductions in 2007 or 2008 or in both years when compar ed to the unit’s NOx emission rate during the 2005 control peri od. Only emission reductions achieved in 2007 or 2008 or in both years that are not necessary to comply with any st ate or federal emissions limit ation applicable during 2007 and 2008 may be used to request early reduction credits as specified in this section. (1) The owners and operators of the CAIR NOx unit shall monitor and report the NOx emissions rate and the heat input of t he unit in accordance with 40 C.F.R. 96.170 to 96.175 in each control period for which the early reduction is requested and for the 2005 control period. T he difference resulting from subtracting the applicable 2007 or 2008 control period NOx emission rate from the 2005 control period NOx emission rate mu ltiplied by the applicable 2007 or 2008 control period heat input divided by 2000, shall provide the amount in tons of the early reduction cred it request. (2) The CAIR designated representat ive shall submit to the cabinet by July 1, 2009, a request for allocation of an amount of CAIR NOx allowances from the compliance supplement pool: (a) Not exceeding the sum of the amounts, in tons, of the unit's NOx emission reductions in 2007 and 2008 that are not ne cessary to comply with any state or federal emissions limitation applicable during the year s, determined in accordance with 40 C.F.R. 96.170 to 96.175; or (b) Not exceeding the minimum amount of CAIR NOx allow ances necessary to remove undue risk to the reliability of electric ity supply. (3) To request allocations pursuant to subsection (2)(b) of this section, the CAIR designated representative shall demons trate that, in the absence o f allocation of an amount of CAIR NOx allowances requested, t he unit's compliance with CAIR NOx emissions limitation for the cont rol period in 2009 would create an undue risk to the reliability of electricity s upply during the control period. This demonstration shall include a showing that the owners and operators cannot feasibly obtain a sufficient amount of: (a) Electricity from other elec tricity generating facilities during the instal lation of control technology at the unit fo r compliance with the CAIR NOx emissions limitation to prevent undue risk; or (b) CAIR NOx allowances in accordance with this section, or otherwise, to prevent undue risk. (4) Early reduction credits shall be rounded to the nearest whole number and distributed in the form of one (1) NOx allow ance for one (1) ton of NOx emission reduction. (5) The cabinet shall distribute th e early reduction credits on a proportional basis. (a) The total amount of early reduction credit available to a CAIR NOx unit shall be determined by the following calculat ion: 1. The unit's baseline heat input determined in Section 3(3)(a)1 of this administrative regulation; 2. Divided by the total amount baseline heat input from all sources pursuant to Section 3( 3)(a)1 of this administrative r egulation; and 3. Multiplied by the early reduction credits available pursuant to 40 C.F.R. 96.143(a). (b) The unused early reduction credits shall be combined t ogether and distributed pro rata to those CAIR NOx units with e arly reduction credits that exceeded the amount of credits made available by the cabinet pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subsection by the following calc ulation: 1. The applicable unit's emission reductions that exceeded the credits made avai lable pursuant to paragraph (a) of this s ubsection; 2. Divided by the total NOx em ission reductions that exceeded the credits pr ovided under paragraph (a) of this subsection from all applicable units; 3. Multiplied by the total number of unused early reduction credits. (c) Early reduction credits provided under paragraph (b) of this subsection s hall not cause the early reduction credits a llocated to the source to exceed the number of early reduction credits requested. (6) By November 30, 2009, the cabinet shall determine and submit to the U.S. EPA the allocations under this section. (7) By January 1, 2010, the U.S. EPA shall record the allocations submitted under s ubsection (6) of this section.

Section 5. Sale of CAIR NOx Allowances by the Commonw ealth of Kentucky. (1) The Commonwealth of Kentucky shall establish an account pursuant to 40 C.F.R. 96.151(b) for the purpose of selling the CAIR NOx allowances in the pool specified in Section 3(2)(b) of this administrative regulation. (2) The proceeds from the sale of the CAIR NOx allowances shall be deposit ed in the general fund of the Commonw ealth of Kentucky. (33 Ky.R. 1015; Am. 1611; 1798; eff. 2-2-2007.) 

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...401 KAR 51:220. CAIR NOx ozone season trading program.

RELATES TO: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.121, 51.122, 72.2, 75.1, 75.2, 75.4, 75.11-7 5.13, 75.17, 75.19, 75.20, 75.24, 75.70, 75.72, 75.74, 75.75, Part 96, 42 U.S.C. 7410 STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100(5), 42 U.S.C. 7410 NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100(5) au thorizes the Environmental and Publ ic Protection Cabinet to prom ulgate administrative regulations for the preventi on, abatement, and control of air pollution . This administrativ e regulation establis hes requirements for the control of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from large boilers and turbines used in power plants and other industrial applicatio ns, pursuant to the federal mandate published under the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR), 40 C.F.R. 96.301 to 96.388. This administrative regulation is not more stringent than the provisions allowed under the federal mandate.

Section 1. Applicability. This administrative regulation shall apply to: (1) CAIR NOx Ozone Season units in Kentucky subject to 40 C.F.R. 96.304; (2) A new or existing industrial boiler or turbine; or (3) A new or existing electric generating unit including a fossil fuel-fired boile r, combustion turbine, or combined cycl e system: (a) Serving a generator with a nameplate capacity gr eater than twenty-five (25) megawatts of electricity; and (b) Offering some electricity for sale..

Section 2. Compliance Requirements. CAIR NOx Oz one Season units shall comply with the following requirements: (1) 40 C.F.R. 96.301 to 96.308 (Subpart AAAA), "CAI R NOx Ozone Season Trading Pr ogram General Provisions"; (2) 40 C.F.R. 96.310 to 96.315 (Subpart BBBB), "CAIR De signated Representative for CAIR NOx Ozone Season Sources"; (3) 40 C.F.R. 96.320 to 96.324 (Subpart CCCC), "Permits"; (4) 40 C.F.R. 96.350 to 96.357 (Subpart FFFF), "CAIR NOx Ozone Season Al lowance Tracking System"; (5) 40 C.F.R. 96.360 to 96.362 (Subpart GGGG), "CAIR NOx Ozone Season Allowance Transfers"; (6) 40 C.F.R. 96.370 to 96.375 (Subpart HHHH), "Monitoring and Reporting"; and (7) 40 C.F.R. 96.380 to 96.388 (Subpart IIII), "CAIR NOx Ozone Season Opt-in Units".

Section 3. Methodology for the Allocation of CAIR NOx Ozone Season Allowances. The number of CAIR NOx Ozone Season allowa nces to be allocated to each CAIR NOx Ozone Season unit by the cabinet and to be sold by the Commonwealth of Kentucky shall be determined pursuant to this section. (1) The total number of CAIR NOx Ozone Season allowances shall be as follows: (a) For the 2009 through 2014 control periods, 36,109 tons, which includes 36,045 tons as specified in 40 C.F.R. 96.340, and sixty-four (64) allowances previously allocated under 401 KAR 51:160 for units s pecified in Section 1(2) of th is administrative regulation; and (b) For the 2015 control periods and thereafter, 30,651 tons , which includes 30,587 tons as specified in 40 C.F.R. 96.340 and sixty-four (64) allowances previously allocated under 401 KAR 51:160 for units specified in Section 1(2) of this administrative regulation. (2) The total number of CAIR NOx Ozone Season allowanc es assigned to Kentucky shall be divided into separate pools as fol lows: (a) Ninety-eight (98) percent of the total number of a llowances shall be allocated for each control period to units that commence operation o r commence commercial operation before: 1. January 1, 2006, for the control periods 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014; 2. January 1, 2009, for the 2015 control period; and 3. Thereafter, before January 1 of the year that is six (6) years before the next control period; and (b) Two (2) percent of the total number of allowances for each control period shall be sold by the Commonwealth of Kentuc ky in accordance with Section 4 of this administrative regulation. (3) For each CAIR NOx Ozone Season unit, the baseline heat input or adjusted control period heat input in mmBtu shall be determined and shall be used to determine CAIR NOx Ozone Season allowances for the pool specified in subsection (2) of this section as follows: (a) For CAIR NOx Ozone Season units commencing operat ion or commencing commercial operation before January 1, 2001, and: 1. Operating each calendar year du ring a period of five (5) or more consecutiv e years, the baseline heat input shall be t he average of the three (3) highest amounts of the unit's adjusted cont rol period heat input for 2001 through 2005;or 2. For units not having operated each calendar year for a period of five (5) or more c onsecutive years, the baseline heat input shall be established during the next allocation period after the unit has five (5) cons ecutive years of operation, using the average of the three (3 ) highest amounts of the unit's adjusted control period heat input for the most re cent five (5) consecut ive years of operation; (b) For CAIR NOx Ozone Season uni ts commencing operation or commencing commerc ial operation on or after January 1, 2001, and operating each calendar year during a period of five (5 ) or more consecutive years, the baseli ne heat input shall be the average of the t hree (3) highest amounts o f the unit's adjusted control period heat input over the mo st recent consecutive five (5) years of operation; or (c) For CAIR NOx Ozone Season units that have not operated each calendar year during a period of five (5) or more consecu tive years, the baseline heat input shall not be established. For purposes of allocations , the heat input shall be the average of the three (3) highest amounts of the unit's adjusted control period heat input for the previ ous five (5) years of operation, the: 1. Adjusted control period heat input for a control period of not operating shall equal zero; and 2. Cabinet shall allocate CA IR NOx Ozone Season allo wances for the unit. (4) The adjusted control period heat input for each oz one season shall be calculated for CAIR NOx Ozone Season units spec ified in subsection (2) (a) of this section as follows: (a) If the unit is coal-fired during the year, the unit 's control period heat input for th at year shall be multiplied by 100 percent; (b) If the unit is oil-fired during the year, the unit's control period heat input for that year shall be multiplied by s ixty (60) percent; and (c) If the unit is not subject to paragraphs (a) or (b ) of this subsection, the unit's control period heat input for that year shall be multiplied by forty (40) percent. (5) The adjusted control period heat input for CAIR NOx Ozone Seas on units specified in subsecti on (2)(b) of this section shall equal the unit's control period heat input mu ltiplied by 100 percent. (6) For an ozone season, the unit's control period heat in put and the unit's status as coal-fired or oil-fired shall be d etermined: (a) In accordance with 40 C.F.R. Part 75, if the unit is subject to 40 C.F.R. Part 75; (b) By the best available data reported to the cabinet for the unit if the unit is not otherwise subject to 40 C.F.R. Par t 75; or (c) By the best avai lable data obtained by the cabinet. (7) For CAIR NOx Ozone Season units included in the pool specified in subsection (2)(a) of this section, the cabinet shal l allocate CAIR NOx Ozone Season allowances to each CAIR NOx Ozone Season unit in an amount equal to the result obtained by: (a) Multiplying the total amount of CAIR NOx Ozone Season al lowances specified in subsection (2)(a) of this section by th e baseline heat input fo r each unit or the heat input established un der subsection (3)(c) of this section; 

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...(b) Dividing by the total amount of baseline heat i nput and the heat input established under subsection (3)(c) of this se ction for all applicable CAIR NOx Ozone Season units; and (c) Rounding to the nearest whole CAIR NOx Ozone Season allowance, as appropriate. (8) The cabinet shall submit to the U.S. EPA the CAIR NOx Ozone Season allowances to be allocated and sold from the pools specified in subsection (2) of this section in a format prescribed by the U.S. EPA by: (a) October 31, 2006, for the control periods in 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014; (b) October 31, 2009, for the control period 2015; and (c) October 31 of each year thereafter, for the contro l period in the sixth year afte r the year of the applicable deadlin e for submission.

Section 4. Sale of CAIR NOx Allowances by the Commonwealth of Kentucky. (1) The Commonwealth of Kentucky shall establish an ac count pursuant to 40 C.F.R. 96.351(b) for the purpose of selling th e CAIR NOx Ozone Season allowances in the pool specified in Sect ion 3(2)(b) of this administrative regulation. (2) The proceeds from the sale of the CAIR NOx Oz one Season allowances shall be deposited in the general fund of the Comm onwealth o f Kentucky. (33 Ky.R. 1018; Am. 1614; 1799; eff. 2-2-2007; 3036; 4159; eff. 6-13-2007.) 

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...401 KAR 51:230. CAIR SO 2 trading program.

RELATES TO: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.124, 51.125, 73, 74, 77, 78, Part 96, 42 U.S .C. 7410 STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100(5), 42 U.S.C. 7410 NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100(5) requires the Environmental and Publ ic Protection Cabinet to promul gate administrative regulations for the prevent ion, abatement, and control of air pollution . This administrativ e regulation establis hes the provisions of the CAIR
SO 2 Trading Program as codified at 40 C.F.R. 96.201 to 96.288 for applicable sources located in the Commonwealth of Kentucky.

Section 1. Applicability. This admi nistrative regulation shall apply to CAIR SO 2 sources and CAIR SO 2 units under the CAIR SO 2 Trading Program located in Kentucky that are subject to 40 C.F.R. 96.204.

Section 2. Compliance requirements. CAIR SO 2 sources and CAIR SO 2 units shall comply with the following requirements:
(1) 40 C.F.R. 96.201 to 96.208 (Subpart AAA), "CAIR SO 2 Trading Program General Provisions";
(2) 40 C.F.R. 96.210 to 96.215 (Subpart BBB), "CAIR Designated Representative for CAIR SO 2 Sources"; (3) 40 C.F.R. 96.220 to 96.224 (Subpart CCC), "Permits"; (4) 40 C.F.R. 96.250 to 96.257 (Subpart FFF), "CAIR SO 2 Allowance Tracking System";
(5) 40 C.F.R. 96.260 to 96.262 (Subpart GGG), "CAIR SO 2 Allowance Transfers"; (6) 40 C.F.R. 96.270 to 96.275 (Subpart HHH), "Monitoring and Reporting"; and (7) 40 C.F.R. 96.280 to 96.288 (Subpart III), "CAIR SO 2 Opt-in Units". (33 Ky.R. 1020; Am. 1617; eff. 2-2-2007.) 

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...401 KAR 51:150. NOx requirements for stationary internal combustion engines.

RELATES TO: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.121, 51.122, 40 C.F.R. 78, 97, 42 U.S.C. 740 1-7671q STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100(5), 224.20-110, 42 U.S.C. 7410 NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100(5) requires the Environmental and Publ ic Protection Cabinet to promul gate administrative regulations for the preventi on, abatement, and control of air pollution. 42 U.S.C. 7410 requires each state to p romulgate a plan which provides for implementation, maintenance, and enforcement of the national primary and secondary ambient air quality standard in each air quality control region within the state. Pursuant to the federal NOx SI P Call, this administrative r egulation provides for the regional control of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions by establ ishing requirements for large stationary internal combustion engines. This administrative regulation i s not more stringent than the federal mandate.

Section 1. Definitions. (1) "Affected engine" means any stationary internal combus tion engine or turbine that is: (a) A Large NOx SIP Call Engine; or (b) Another stationary internal combustion engine or turb ine that is subject to NOx co ntrol under a compliance plan pursu ant to this administrative regulation. (2) "Facility seasonal NOx 2007 tonnage reduction" m eans the total of the engine seas onal NOx 2007 tonnage reductions att ributable to all large NOx SIP Call Engines of an owner or operator. (3) "Large NOx SIP Call Engine" means a stationary internal combustion engine identified and designated in the NOx SIP Ca ll Engine inventory as emitting more than one (1) ton of NOx per average ozone season day in 1997. (4) "NOx potential to emit" means the maximum capac ity of an engine to emit NOx under its physical and operational design or applicable permit condition for a given period of time. Any ph ysical limitation on the capac ity of a source's potential to emit an air pollutant, including air pollution control equipment or combustion modification, shall be treated as part of its design if the limitation is enforceable by the cabinet. (5) "NOx SIP Call baseline period" or "baseline period" means the period beginning May 1, 1997, and ending September 30, 1997, inclusive. (6) "NOx SIP Call baseline period utilization" means the amount of work performed by a NOx SIP Call Engine during the bas eline period in brake horsepower-hours (bhp-hr). (7) "NOx SIP Call Engine inventory" means the NOx emission inventory, compiled by the U.S. EPA, that includes: (a) Technical amendments pursuant to 65 Fed. Reg. 11222, March 2, 2000; and (b) The adjustment of the 2007 budget NOx control effici ency to eighty-two (82) percent for large gas-fired engines pursu ant to 69 Fed. Reg. 21603, A pril 21, 2004. (8) "Past NOx emission rate" means the emission rate of an affected engine in grams per brake horsepower-hour (g/bhp-hr), as determined by performance testing consistent with the requirements of 40 C.F.R. Part 60, Appendix A. If the performance test data are not ava ilable, the rate means: (a) The uncontrolled emission rate for Large NOx SIP Call Engines; or (b) A rate determined by the cabinet on a case-by-case basis, using appropriate emission factors or data from the NOx SIP Call Engine inventory. (9) "Projected 2007 NOx tonnage reduction" means the pr ojected NOx reduction in tons dur ing the 2007 control period, calc ulated as the difference between the 2007 base emissions and the 2007 b udget emissions. The Projected 2007 NOx t onnage reduction may be corrected throug h an approved SIP revision. (10) "Projected 2007 seasonal base NOx emissions" or "2 007 base emissions" means the pr ojected uncontrolled NOx emissions , in tons, for the 2007 control period as published in the NOx SIP Call Inventory. The 2007 base emissions may be recalculated through an approved SIP revision. (11) "Projected 2007 seasonal budget NOx emissions" or " 2007 budget emissions" means the pr ojected controlled NOx emissio ns in tons, for the 2007 control period as published in the NOx SIP Call Inventory. The 2007 budget emissions may be recalculated through an approv ed SIP revision. (12) "Projected 2007 Ozone Season utilization" or "2007 ut ilization" means the projected amount of work during the 2007 c ontrol period performed by a NOx SIP Call Engine, calculated as the 1997 baseline utilization mult iplied by the growth factor assigned to that engine in t he NOx SIP Call Inventory. (13) "Projected NOx emission rate" means the projected em ission rate in grams per brake horsepower-hour after installatio n of controls on an affected engine or the past NOx emission rate if controls are not installed on an affected engine. (14) "Projected operating hours" means the projected actual number of hours of operation per ozone season for an affected engine. (15) "Projected brake horsepower hours" means the pr ojected actual number of brake horsepower hours per ozone season for an affected engine. (16) "Stationary internal combus tion engine" means any internal combustion engi ne of the reciprocating type that is eithe r attached to a foundation at a facility or is designed to be capable of being carried or moved from one location to another and remains at a single site at a building, structure, facility, or installation for more than twelve (12) consecutive months. Any engine or engines that replace an engine at a site that is in tended to perform the same or similar function as the engine replaced shall be included in calculating th e consecutive time period.

Section 2. Applicability. This ad ministrative regulation shall apply to the ow ner or operator of any large NOx SIP call e ngine.

Section 3. Standard for Large NOx SIP Call Engines. On and after May 1, 2007, an owner or operator of an affected engine shall not operate the engine during a control period unless: (1) The NOx emission rate for a Lar ge NOx SIP Call Engine is reduced from the Pa st NOx emission rate by at least eighty-t wo (82) percent; or (2) The owner or operator complies with the re quirements in Section 4 of this administrative regulation.

Section 4. Compliance Plan. On and after May 1, 2007, an owner or operator shall not operate a Large NOx SIP Call Engine during the control period unless the owner or operator complies with the requirement s of a compliance plan or reduc es NOx emissions from that engi ne in accordance with Section 3(1) of this administrative regulation. (1) The compliance plan shall: (a) Be approved by the cabinet in accordance wi th Sections 4 through 8 of this administrative regulation; (b) Include all affected engines at an individual fac ility, several facilities, or at al l facilities located in Kentucky that are under the control of the same owner or operator; (c) Be submitted to the cabinet by May 1, 2006; (d) Include credit for decreases in NOx emissions from Lar ge NOx SIP Call Engines in Kent ucky due to NOx control equipmen t. The owner o r operator shall also include credit for decreas es in NOx emissions from other affected engines in Kentucky due to NOx control eq uipment that is not reflected in the 2007 Ozone Season Base NOx Emi ssions in the NOx SIP Call Engine Inventory; (e) Include credit for decreases in NOx emissions due to reduc tions from shifting historic load capacity from an uncontro lled engine to a controlled engine, electric motor, or turbine. The owner or operator shal l demonstrate to the satisfaction of the cabinet that a quantifia ble net reduction in NOx emissions has occurred or will occur due to a direct shift of ozone season load capacity from an uncontrolled engine to a contr olled engine, electric motor, or turbine; and (f) Provide the following information for each affected engine: 

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...1. A list of affected engines subject to the plan that includes: a. Engine manufacturer; b. Engine model number; c. Facility location address; and d. Facility identification number. 2. The projected ozone season hou rs of operation and supporting documentation; 3. A description of the NOx emis sions control installed, or to be installed, and documentation to support the Projected N Ox Emission Rates; 4. The Past and Projected NOx Emi ssion Rates in grams per brake horsepower-hour; 5. A numerical demonstration t hat the emission reductions obtained from al l affected engines included in the compliance p lan will be equivalent to o r greater than the owner or operator’s Facility Seasonal NO x 2007 Tonnage Reduction, based on the difference between the Past NOx Emission Rate and the Projected NOx Emission Rate, multip lied by the Projected brake horsepower hours for each affected engine, and consideri ng credit according to subsection (1)(d) and (e) of this section; and 6. Provisions for monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping. (2) The Projected NOx Emission Rate in grams per br ake horsepower-hour for each affected engine shall be included in a fe derally-enforceable permit.

Section 5. Compliance Demonstration. (1) Pursuant to the compliance plan required in Section 4, NOx emission reductions s hall be calculated according to the following criteria: (a) For an affected engine to which a control device is added, a combustion modification is made, or for reductions achie ved pursuant to Section 4(1) (e) of this administrative regulation a fter September 30, 1997, the NOx emission reductions shall equal the difference between the past NOx emission rate and the projected NOx emission rate, multiplied by the Projected brake horsepower hours during the control period. (b) For an affected engine that is removed from servic e after September 30, 1997, and the facility’s operating capacity, in brake horsepower-hours, equivalent to the removed affected engine’s projected utilizati on is replaced, in part or in total, during a control period: 1. By a NOx emitting device installed after September 30, 1997, the NOx emission reductions shall be the difference, in t ons, between the removed affected engine’s projected 2007 base emissions and the replacement device’s seasonal potential to emit for the operating capac ity, in brake horsepower-hours, equivalent to the portion of the removed affect ed engine’s projected utilizati on that the device will replace , not to exceed 100 percent; 2. By a device that does not emit NOx installed a fter September 30, 1997, the NOx emission reductions shall be the remove d affected engine’s projected 2007 base emissions, multiplied by the percentage projected from utilization of the replacement device, not to exceed 100 percent; or 3. By a device that does not emit NOx, and a NOx emitti ng device is installed at the remo ved affected engine’s facility a fter the date that the device that does not emit NOx was installed, the NOx emission reductions shall be the difference, in tons, between the removed affecte d engine’s projected 2007 base emissions, and the NOx emitting dev ice’s seasonal potential to emit for its operating capacity, in tons, equivalent t o the portion of the removed affected engine’s projecte d utilization that it will replace, not to exceed 100 percent. (2) The following shall not be c onsidered NOx emission reductions for compli ance with this administrative regulation: (a) A restriction on an affected engine’s hours of oper ation during a control period, including a prohibition from operat ing; (b) A NOx emission limitation enforceable by the cabi net placed upon an affected engine to which no control device was ad ded, combustion modification made or for reductions achieved purs uant to Section 4(1)(e) after September 30, 1997; (c) The removal of an affected engine from service if that affected engine is placed into service at another location wit hin Kentucky; or (d) NOx emission reducti ons achieved at a facility that is not owned or operated by the person responsible for demonstrat ing compliance with this administrative regulation. (3) Demonstrability and enforceability of NOx emission reductions. NOx emission reductions , calculated in accordance with subsection (1)(a) or (b) of this section, shall be demonstrable a nd enforceable if: (a) An hourly NOx emission limitation unit, grams per brake horsepower-hours, is included in a permit enforceable by the cabinet for the affected engine or replacement device that is to be operated during a control period; (b) The hourly NOx emission limita tion is equal to the hourly emission rate us ed to calculate the NOx potential to emit f or the affected engine o r replacement device in the compliance plan; and (c) A performance test conducted in accordance with Section 6 of this adminis trative regulation determines that the affec ted engine or the replacement device is capable of complyi ng with the hourly NOx emission limitation. (4) NOx emission reducti ons achieved to comply with this administrati ve regulation shall not be considered creditable for compliance with any othe r applicable requirement and shall not be considered a contemporaneous emission decreas e for the purposes of netting or offsets.

Section 6. Monitoring Requirements. An owner or operator of an affected engine shall: (1) Complete an initial performance test according to the requirements codified in Appendix A to 40 C.F.R. Part 60, follo wing the installation o f emission controls required to achieve the emissions limit in Section 3(1) of this administrative regulation. (2) Perform periodic monitoring to yield reliable data from the relevant time period that is representative of a source’s compliance with the emissions limit in Section 3(1) of this administrative regu lation. Periodic monitori ng shall include either: (a) Performance tests consistent with the requirements of Appendix A to 40 C.F.R. Part 60, or portable monitors using AST M D6522-00,; (b) A parametric monitoring program that specifies operat ing parameters and their ranges that will provide that each affe cted engine’s emissions are consistent with the provisions of Sect ion 3 of this administrative regulation; (c) A predictive emissions measurement system t hat relies on automated data collection from instruments; or (d) A continuous emission monitoring system that complies with 40 C.F.R. Part 60 or Part 75.

Section 7. Recordkeeping Requirements. An owner or operator subject to this ad ministrative regulation shall: (1) Maintain all records necessary to demonstrate compli ance with the provisions of th is administrative regulation for a period of two (2) calenda r years where the affected engine is located, and provide th e records, upon request, to the cabinet and the U.S. EPA; (2) Maintain the following records for each affected engine: (a) Identification and location of each affected engine; (b) Calendar date of record; (c) Number of hours the affected engine is operated duri ng each control period compared to the Projected Operating Hours; (d) Type and quantity of fuel used; and (e) Results of all compliance tests.

Section 8. Reporting Requirements. An owner or operator subject to the provisions of this administrative regulation shall submit the required reports, compliance plans, and compliance test results to: (1) Manager, Permit Review Branch, Kentucky Division for Air Quality, 803 Schenkel Lane, Frankfort, Kentucky 40601, (502) 573-3382; and 

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...(2) The appropriate Regional Office of the Division for Air Quality as follows: (a) Ashland Regional Office, 1550 Wolohan Driv e, Suite 1, Ashland, Kentucky 41102, (606) 929-5285; (b) Bowling Green Regional Office, 1508 We sten Avenue, Bowling Green, Kentucky 42104, (270) 746-7475; (c) Florence Regional Office, 8020 Veterans Memori al Drive, Suite 110, Florence, Kentucky 41042, (859) 525-4923; (d) Hazard Regional Office, 233 Birch Stre et, Suite 2, Hazard, Kentucky 41701, (606) 435-6022; (e) London Regional Office, 875 South Main Street, London, Kentucky 40741, (606) 878-0157; (f) Owensboro Regional Office, 3032 Alvey Park Driv e, W., Suite 700, Owensboro, Kentucky 42303, (270) 687-7304; or (g) Paducah Regional Office, 130 Eagl e Nest Drive, Paducah, Kentucky 42003, (270) 898-8468.

Section 9. Incorporation by Reference. (1) "ASTM D6522 -00, Standard Test Method for Determination of Nitrogen Oxides, Car bon Monoxide, and Oxygen Concentrations in Emissions from Natural Gas-Fired Recipr ocating Engines, Combus tion Turbines, Boilers, and process Heat ers Using Portable A nalyzers, Book of ASTM Standards, February 10, 2000 and April 2000," is incorporated by reference. (2) This material may be inspected, copied, or obtained, subject to applicable copyright law, at the Division for Air Qua lity, 803 Schenkel Lane, Frankfort, Kentucky 40601, (502) 573-3382, Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. (3) Copies are available for sale from the American Soci ety for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Consho hocken, Pennsylvania, 19428-2959, telephone (610) 832-9585, facsimile (610) 832-9555, and the Internet http://www.astm.org/ . (32 Ky.R. 793; 1123; 1231; eff. 2-3-2006.) 

### Page 3 of 3 401 KAR 51:150. NOx requirements for stati onary internal combustion engines.

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...401 KAR 51:160. NOx requirements for large utility and industrial boilers.

RELATES TO: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.121, 51.122, 72.2, 75.1, 75.2, 75.4, 75.11-7 5.13, 75.17, 75.19, 75.20, 75.24, 75.70, 75.72, 75.74, 75.75, Part 96, 42 U.S.C. 7410 STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100(5), 224.20-110, 40 C.F.R. 51.121, 51.122, 72.2, 75.1, 75.2, 75.4, 75.11-75.13, 75.17, 75.19, 75.20, 75.24, 75.70, 75.72, 75.74, 75.75, Part 96, 42 U.S.C. 7410 NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100(5) requires the Environmental and Publ ic Protection Cabinet to promul gate administrative regulations for the preventi on, abatement, and control of air pollution. 42 U.S.C. 7410 requires each state to p romulgate a plan which provides for implementation, maintenance, and enforcement of the national primary and secondary ambient air quality standard in each air quality control region within the state. This admin istrative regulation establis hes requirements for the cont rol of nitrogen oxides (NO x) emissions from large boilers and turbines used in power plants and other industrial applications, pursuant to the federal mandate published under th e NOx SIP Call. This administrative regulation is not more stringent nor otherwise different than the provisions allowed under the federal mandate.

Section 1. Applicability. This administrative regulation shall apply to NO x budget units that are electric generating uni ts or industrial boilers o r turbines, except as provided in Sect ion 2 of this administrative regulation.

Section 2. Exemptions. (1) Exem ptions based on permit limitations. A NOx budget unit shall be exempt from Sections 3 to 7 of this administrative regulation if the owner or operator complies with this subsection. (a) The source shall have a federally-enforceable permit issued by the cabinet containi ng conditions for the unit that: 1. Limit the unit’s NOx emis sions during each control period beginning in 2004 to twenty-five (25) tons or less; 2. Restrict the unit to burning only natural gas or fuel oil during a control period in 2004 and each control period ther eafter; 3. Restrict the unit's operation hours during each control period to the number calculated by dividing twenty-five (25) t ons of potential NOx mass emissions by the unit's maximum potential hourly NOx mass emissions; 4. Require that the unit's potential NOx mass emissi ons shall be calculated pursuant to 40 C.F.R. 96.4(b)(1)(iii); 5. Require that the owner or operator of the unit shall retain at the source that includes the unit, for five (5) years, records demonstrating that the operating hours restriction, the fuel use restriction, and the ot her requirements of the permit related to these restrictions w ere met; and 6. Require that, by November 1 of each year for which the unit is subject to the feder ally-enforceable permit, the owner or operator of the unit, through the authorized acc ount representative, shall: a. Secure and transfer to an account established pursuant to 401 KAR 51:190, NOx allowances for each control period in an amount equal to the NOx emission limitation (in tons of NOx) under subparagraphs 1 and 3 of this paragra ph upon which the unit's exemption is based ; and b. Report to the cabinet the unit's hours of operation (t reating any partial hour of operation as a whole hour of operati on) and the number of NOx allowances transferred pursuant to clause a of this subparagraph. (b) A unit with an exemption based on permit limitation s shall become subject to all the applicable provisi ons of this ad ministrative regulation and shall be treated as commencing commercial operation on September 30 of any control period for which: 1. The fuel use restriction in paragraph (a)2 of this subsection or the operating hours restriction in paragraph (a)3 of this subsection is removed from the unit's federally-enforceable permit or ot herwise becomes no longer applicable; or 2. The unit does not comply with the restrictions of this subsection. (c) Units exempted under this s ubsection shall not receive a NOx allowance al location under Section 4 of this administrat ive regulation. (d) By November 30 of each year begi nning in 2004, the cabinet shall report to the U.S. EPA: 1. The total NOx emission limitation (in tons of NOx) for all units exempted under this subsection; and 2. The total NOx allowances reported to the cabinet pursuant to paragraph (a)6b of this subsection. (e) For units exempted under this subsection, the cabinet shall notify the U.S. EPA, in writing: 1. Of permit changes that remove a limit or render it no longer applicable; and 2. Any violation of a permit limit imposed pursuant to paragraph (a) of this subsection. (2) Retired unit exemption. (a) A NOx budget unit shall be exempt from the requirement s in Sections 3 to 7 of this administrative regulation on the d ate that the unit is permanently retired, if the following conditions are met: 1. Except as provided in paragraph (b ) of this subsection, the retired unit shal l not emit NOx on or after the day it is retired; and 2. Within thirty (30) days after the unit is re tired, the NOx authorized account representative shall submit: a. A letter to the cabinet and to the U.S. EPA describing the unit, the date of retirement, and the reason for retirement ; and b. An application for a permit revision that reflects the status of the retired unit pursuant to 401 KAR 52:020 or 401 KA R 52:030, as appropriate; and 3. Unless the unit has been phys ically removed, records to demonstrate t hat the unit has not been operated shall be: a. Maintained on-site for five (5) years from the date of retirement; and b. Made available to the cabinet or the U.S. EPA upon request. (b) Operation of a retired unit shall not be resumed unles s the owner or operator submits an application and receives a p ermit revision pursuant to 401 KAR 52:020 or 401 KAR 52:030, as approp riate, prior to commencing operation. (c) A retired unit shall not be allowed to opt into 401 KAR 51:190, Banking and trading NOx allowances and shall not rece ive a NOx allowance allocation under Section 4 of this administrative regulation. (d) NOx allowances made to a unit that later retires shall: 1. Remain with the unit until they are transferred or deducted; and 2. Cease to be allocated to the unit at the end of the allocation period. (e) The cabinet shall notify the U.S. EPA, in wr iting, of units that are ex empted under this subsection. (3) Category exemption. A carbon monoxide boiler that is associated with fluidized catalytic cracking units (FCCU) at pet roleum refineries shall be exempt from the requirements in Sections 3 to 7 of this administrative regulation.

Section 3. Compliance Requirements. (1) NOx budget emi ssions limitation requirements. Comm encing with the later date of M ay 31, 2004, or the year the unit commences operation, the owne r or operator of a NOx budget unit shall: (a) Beginning May 1, 2003, and May 1 of each year therea fter, monitor the total NOx emissions during each control period as specified in 40 C.F.R. 96.70 to 96.76; and (b) By November 30 of each year, hold NOx allowances available for compliance deductions in an amount at least equal to t he total NOx emissions during the control period as specified in 401 KAR 51:190. (2) NOx allowance provisions. NO x allowances shall be held in, deducted from , or transferred among the NOx compliance, ov erdraft, and general accounts as specified in 401 KAR 51:190 and this subsection. (a) The NOx budget source shall establish a general account in the NOx allowance Tracking Sy stem (NATS) by submitting "EP A Form 7620-15, 

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...General Account information". (b) NOx budget units shall transfer NOx allowances under the NOx Budget Trading Program from one (1) account to another i n the NOx Allowance Tracking System (NATS) by submitting "EPA Form 7620-14". (c) NOx allowances shall not be deducted for compliance with s ubsection (1) of this section for a control period prior to the year for which the NOx allowances were allocated. (d) If the U.S. EPA records the allocation, transfer, or deduction of NOx allowances from the compliance or overdraft acc ount of a NOx budget source, this action shall: 1. Automatically amend and become part of the NOx budget portion of the source’s permit; and 2. Require no further review. (e) The owner or operator of a NOx budget unit having excess NOx emissions for each c ontrol period beginning in 2004, sha ll comply with 401 KAR 51:190. (f) Allocated NOx allowances shall not constitute a property right. (3) Recordkeeping and reporting requirements. (a) The owner or operator of a NOx budget source shall maintain the following records: 1. The "Account Certificate of Representati on" for the source’s NOx aut horized account representative; 2. Emissions monitoring informati on as specified in 40 C.F.R. 96.70 to 96.76; 3. Copies of all reports, compliance certifications , and other submissions and records required by 401 KAR 51:190; and 4. Copies of documents used to complete permit re vision applications or to demonstr ate compliance with 401 KAR 51:190. (b) These records shall be: 1. Used to demonstrate complianc e with subsection (1) of this section; 2. Maintained on site for a period of five (5) years, unless a longer period is required by 40 C.F.R. 96.70 to 96.76 or t he cabinet or the U.S. EPA requires an extended period for cause; and 3. Made available for inspection on request by the cabinet or the U.S. EPA. (4) Computation of time. (a) A time period scheduled to begin on the occurrence of an act or event shall begin on t he day the act or event occurs. (b) A time period scheduled to begin before the occurrenc e of an act or event shall be computed so that the period ends t he day before the act o r event occurs. (c) If the final day of a time period falls on a week end or state or federal holiday, the time period shall be extended t o the next business day.

Section 4. Methodology for the Allocation and Sale of NO x Allowances. The number of NOx allowances to be allocated to eac h NOx budget unit by the cabinet and to be sold by the Commonwealth of K entucky shall be determined pursuant to this section. (1) The total number of NOx allow ances shall be the number of NOx allowances assigned to Kentucky by the U.S. EPA and app roved in Kentucky's State Implementation Plan (SIP). (2) The total number of NOx allowances assigned to Kentucky shall be divided into separate pools as follows: (a) The number of NOx allowances specified in Kentucky's approved SIP for el ectric generating units with: 1. Ninety-five (95) percent of this amount allocated for the 2004 to 2006 allocation period to units that commence commer cial operation on or before May 1, 2001; 2. Five (5) percent of this amount for the 2004 to 20 06 allocation period sold by the Commonwealth of Kentucky with the p roceeds deposited in Kentucky's general fund; 3. Ninety-eight (98) percent of this amount allocated for each allocation period beginn ing with the 2007 to 2009 allocati on period to units that commence commercial operation on or before May 1 of the year that is three (3) years before the first year of the applicable al location period; and 4. Two (2) percent of this amount for each alloca tion period beginning with the 2007 to 2009 allocation period and each a llocation period thereafte r sold by the Commonwealth of Kentucky with t he proceeds deposited in Kentucky's general fund; and (b) The number of NOx allowances specified in K entucky's approved SIP for industria l boilers or turbines with: 1. Ninety-eight (98) percent of this amount allocate d for each allocation period to units that commence commercial operat ion on or before May 1 o f the year that is three (3) years before the fi rst year of the applicabl e allocation period; and 2. Two (2) percent of this amount allocated for each allocation period to NOx budget uni ts that commence commercial opera tion after May 1 of the year that is three (3) years before the first year of the a pplicable allocation period and on or before May 1 of the applicable control period. (3) The cabinet shall notify the U.S. EPA and NOx budget s ources of the NOx allowances to be allocated and sold from the pools specified in subsection (2) of this section pursuant to Se ction 5(4) of this administrative regulation. (4) For allocation of the pools s pecified in subsection (2)(a)1, 3 and (b) of this section, heat input, in MMBTU, of a NO x budget unit shall be determined from: (a) The average of the two (2) highest amounts of the uni t's heat input from the three (3) most recent control periods as determined in accordance with 40 C.F.R. Part 75 or 96.70 to 96.76 if the unit is subject to 40 C.F.R. Part 75; o r (b) The best available data reported to the cabinet for t he unit if the unit is not otherwise subject to 40 C.F.R. Part 7 5. (5) For electric generating units included in the pools specified in subsection (2)(a)1 and 3 of this section, the cabine t shall allocate NOx allowances to each NOx budget unit in an amount equal to the result obtained by: (a) Multiplying 0.15 lb/MMBTU or the permit limit, whic hever is less, by the heat input determined under Section 4(4) of this administrative regulation, rounded to the nearest whole NOx allowance as appropriate. (b) If the initial total number of NOx allowances allo cated for an allocation period to all NOx budget units in Kentucky included in the pools specified in subsection (2)(a)1 and 3 of this secti on does not equal ninety-five (95) percent for the 2004 to 2006 allocation period, or ninety-eight (98) percent fo r each allocation period thereafter, of the number of tons of NO x emissions in Kent ucky's trading program budget apportioned to e xisting electric generating units, the cabinet shall: 1. Adjust the total number of NOx allowances allocat ed to all electric generating units in the applicable pool so that th e total number of NOx allowances allocated equals ninety -five (95) percent for the 2004 to 2006 allocation period, or ninety-eight (98) percent for e ach allocation period thereafter, of the number of tons of NOx emissions in K entucky's trading program budget apportioned to electric generating unit s; and 2. Make this adjustment by multiplying each unit's al location by ninety-five (95) percent for the 2004 to 2006 allocation period, or ninety-eight (98) percent thereafter, of the number of tons of NOx emission s in Kentucky's trading progra m budget apportioned to electric generat ing units divided by the total number of NOx allowances allocated under paragraph (a) of this subsection, and rounding to the nearest whole NOx allowanc e as appropriate. (6) For industrial boilers or turb ines included in the pool spec ified in subsection (2)(b)1 of this section, the cabinet shall allocate NOx allowances to each NOx budget unit in an amount equal to the result obtained by: (a) Multiplying 0.17 lb/MMBTU or the permit limit, whic hever is less, by the heat input determined under subsection (4) o f this section, rounded to the nearest whole NOx allowance as appropriate. (b) If the initial total number of NOx allowances allo cated for an allocation period to all NOx budget units in Kentucky included in the pool specified in subsection (2)(b)1 of this section does not equal ninety-eight (98) percent for each allocation period, of the number of tons o f NOx emissions in Kentucky's trading program budget apportioned to existing industrial boilers or turb ines, the cabinet shall: 

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...1. Adjust the total number of NOx allowances allocat ed to all industrial boilers or turb ines in the applicable pool so th at the total number of NOx allowances allocated equals ninety-eight ( 98) percent for each allocation period, of t he number of tons of NOx emissions in Ken tucky's trading program budget apportioned to industrial boilers or turbines; and 2. Make this adjustment by mult iplying each unit's allocation by ninety-eight (98) percent, of the number of tons of NOx emissions in Kentucky's trading program budget apportioned to industrial boilers or turbines divided by the total number of NOx allowances allocated un der paragraph (a) of this subsection, and rounding to the nearest whole NOx allowance as appropriate. (7)(a) The Commonwealth of Kentucky shall establish an account pursuant to 401 KAR 51:190 for the purpose of selling the NOx allowances in the pools specified in subsection (2)(a)2 and 4 of this section. The proceeds from the sale of the NOx allowances shall be deposite d in the general fund o f the Commonwealth of Kentucky. (b) For NOx budget units included in the pool specified in subsection (2)(b)2 of this sect ion, the cabinet shall allocate NOx allowances to each unit according to the following procedures: 1. The cabinet shall establish one (1) allocation set-as ide for each control period. Each allocation set-aside shall be a llocated NOx allowances equal to two (2) percent for each control period of the tons of NO x emissions in Kentucky's trading program budget, rounded to the ne arest whole NOx allowance as appropriate. 2. The NOx authorized account representative may submit to the cabinet a request, in writing, to be allocated NOx allowan ces starting with the control period during which the NOx budget unit commences commercial operation, or is projected to commence commercial operatio n, and ending with the control period preceding the control peri od for which it will receive an allocati on under subsection (2)(b)1 of this sectio n. The request shall be in accordance with the following requirements: a. The NOx allowance allocation request shall be submitt ed prior to May 1 of the first control period for which the NOx a llowance allocation is requested and after the date on which the cabinet iss ues a permit to construct to the NOx budget unit; and b. For a control period, the NO x authorized account representative may request NOx allowances in an amount that does not exceed 0.17 lb/MMBTU or the permitted limit, whichever is less, multiplied by the NOx budget unit's maximu m design heat input in MMBTU/hr multiplied by the number of hours remaining in the control period starting with the first day in the control period on which the unit operated or is projected to operate. 3. The cabinet shall review, and allocate NOx allowances pursuant to, each NO x allowance allocation request in the order that the requests are received by the cabinet as of the clos e of business each day, with each consecutive day determining the order: a. Upon receipt of the NOx allowance allocation reques t, the cabinet shall determine whether, and shall make any necessar y adjustments to the request to ensure that the control period and the number of NOx al lowances specified ar e consistent with the requirements of th is subsection. b. If the allocation set-aside for the c ontrol period for which NOx allowances are requested: (i) Has an amount of NOx allowances not less than t he number requested, as adjusted by the cabinet, the cabinet shall all ocate the amount of the NOx allowances requested, as adjusted by the cabinet, to the NOx budget unit. (ii) Has a smaller amount of NOx allowances than th e number requested, as adjusted by the cabinet, the cabinet will deny in part the request and allocate only the remaining number of NOx allowances in the allocation set-aside to the NOx budget unit. (iii) Once an allocation set-aside for a control period has been depleted of all NOx allo wances, the cabinet shall deny, and shall not allocate any NOx allowances pursuant to a NOx allowance al location request under which NOx allowances have not already been allocated for the co ntrol period. 4. Within sixty (60) days of receipt of a NOx allow ance allocation request, the cabinet s hall take appropriate action und er this subsection and shall notify the U.S. EPA of the number of NOx allowances allocated for the control period to the NOx budget unit. 5. For a NOx budget unit that is allocated NOx allowa nces under this subparagraph, the U.S. EPA shall deduct NOx allowanc es to account for the actual utilization of the unit during the control period, and fo r any NOx allowances returned to Kentucky, the cabinet shall al locate to the NOx budget units in Kentucky using the following formula and roundi ng to the nearest whole NOx allowance as appropriate: a. Unit's share of NOx allowances remaining in alloca tion set-aside equals total NOx allo wances remaining in allocation s et-aside multiplied by the quantity generated by dividing the unit's NO x allowance allocation by Kentucky's tradi ng program budget excluding allocation se t-aside; b. If: (i) Total NOx allowances remaining in allocation set-as ide is the total number of NOx allowances remaining in the allocat ion set-aside for the control period to which the allocation set-aside applies; (ii) Unit's NOx allowance allocati on is the number of NOx allowances allocate d under subsection (2)(b)2 of this section t o the unit for the control period to which the allocation set-aside applies; and (iii) State trading program budget excluding allocation set-aside is Kentucky's trading program budget for the control pe riod to which the allocation set-aside applies multiplied by ninety-five (95) percent if the control period is in 2004, 2005, or 2006 or ninety-eight (98) p ercent if the control period is in any year thereafter, rounded to the nearest whole NOx allowance as appropriate. (8) NOx allowances created pursuant to 401 KAR 51:180 for early reduction credits or emergency compliance shall not be in cluded in the allocation or sale of the pools specified in this section.

Section 5. Allocation of NOx Allowances. (1) The cabine t shall determine the number of NOx allowances to be allocated to eligible NOx budget units for the allocation period beginning in 2004 and in each subsequent allocation period using the method described in Section 4 of this administrative regulation. (2) A NOx budget unit that commences commercial operati on on or before May 1 of the year that is three (3) years before t he first year of the applicable allocation period shall be included in the applicable allocation pool as sp ecified in Section 4(2)(a)1, 3, or (b)1 o f this administrative regulation. (3) If the U.S. EPA changes the number of NOx allowances assigned to Kentucky before the end of an allocation period, the cabinet shall reallocate the NOx allowances prior to the beginning of the next control period in the same ratio as the original allocation for that peri od. (4) The cabinet shall notify the U.S. EPA and NOx budget s ources of the NOx allowances to be allocated and sold by the Co mmonwealth o f Kentucky pursuant to this section and Section 4 of this administrative regulation: (a) For units that commence commercial operation on or befo re May 1 of the year that is three (3) years before the first year of the applicable allocation period: 1. Not later than sixty (60) days after the effective date of this administrative regulation for the allocation period be ginning in 2004; and 2. By April 1 of the year that is th ree (3) years prior to the next allocation period; and (b) By April 1 of each year, beginning in 2004, for units in the pool specified in Secti on 4(2)(b)2 of this administrativ e regulation that commence commercial operation after May 1 of the year that is three (3) years before the first year of the applicable allocation period and on or before May 1 of the applicable control period. (5) Excess NOx allowances may be banked and traded according to 401 KAR 51:190.

Section 6. Application for NOx B udget Permit or Permit Revision. (1) The NOx authorized account representative of a NOx b udget source shall submit an application to revise the sour ce’s permit pursuant to 401 KAR 52:020 or 401 KAR 52:030, as appropriate, and this sect ion. For this purpose, the source shall use: (a) "Forms DEP7007A1 to DD, Permit Application to Cons truct or Operate an Air Contaminant Source," as applicable. Forms D EP7007A1 to DD is incorporated by reference in 401 KAR 52:050; and 

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...(b) "Form DEP7007EE, NOx Budget Permit Application". (2) The application shal l include the following information: (a) The Office of Regulatory Information Systems (ORIS) or facility code assigned to the source by the Energy Information Administration; (b) Identification of: 1. Each NOx budget unit at the source; 2. Each retired unit; and 3. Each unit exempted pursuant to Se ction 2(1) of this administrative regulation; (c) A statement that explains if the unit is: 1. A unit described in Section 1 of this administrative regulation; or 2. An opt-in unit pursuant to 401 KAR 51:195; (d) The applicable requirements of Sect ion 3 of this administrative regulation; and (e) For opt-in units, the following certification statem ent signed by the NOx authorized account representative: "I certi fy that each unit for which this permit application is submitted, pursuant to the opt-in provisions of 401 KAR 51: 195, is operating; is not a NOx budget unit pu rsuant to 401 KAR 51:160, Section 1; and is not covered by a retired exemption unit t hat is in effect pursuant to 401 KAR 51:160, Section 2(2)."

Section 7. Compliance. (1) Compliance certification. On or before November 30 each year, beginning in 2004, the NOx autho rized account representative shall submit a compliance certification report to the cabinet and to the U.S. EPA pursuant to 401 KAR 51:190. (2) Reporting to the cabinet. Reports that are required to be submitted to the cabinet shall be mailed to: (a) Manager, Permit Review Branch, Kentucky Divisi on for Air Quality, 803 Schenkel Lane, Frankfort, Kentucky 40601; and (b) To the appropriate Regional Office of the Division for Air Quality listed in Section 8(2) of this administrative regu lation.

Section 8. Incorporation by Reference. (1) The following material is incorporated by reference: (a) "Form DEP7007EE, NOx Budget Permit Application", May 2002; (b) "EPA Form 7620-14, Allowance Transfer", Unit ed States Environmental Protection Agency, OMB No. 2060-0445; (c) "EPA Form 7620-15, General Account Information", United States Environmental Protection Agency, OMB No. 2060-0445; an d (d) "EPA Form 7620-16, Account Certificate of Representat ion", United States Environmental Protection Agency, OMB No. 206 0-0445. (2) This material may be inspected, copied, or obtai ned, subject to applicabl e copyright law, at the following offices of the Division for Air Quality, Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.: (a) The Division for Air Quality, 803 Schenk el Lane, Frankfort, Kentucky 40601, (502) 573-3382; and (b) The appropriate regional office of the Division for Air Quality as follows: 1. Ashland Regional Office, 1550 Wolohan Dr ive, Suite 1,, Ashland, Kentucky 41102, (606) 929-5285; 2. Bowling Green Regional Office, 1508 West en Avenue, Bowling Green, Kentucky 42104, (270) 746-7475; 3. Florence Regional Office, 8020 Veterans Memori al Drive, Suite 110, Florence, Kentucky 41042, (859) 525-4923; 4. Hazard Regional Office, 233 Birch Street, Suite 2, Hazard, Kentucky 41701, (606) 435-6022; 5. London Regional Office, 875 S. Main Street, London, Kentucky 40741, (606) 330-2080; 6. Owensboro Regional Office, 3032 Alvey Park Driv e, W., Suite 700, Owensboro, Kentucky 42303, (270) 687-7304; or 7. Paducah Regional Office, 130 Eagle Ne st Drive, Paducah, Kentucky 42003, (270) 898-8468. (3)(a) Copies of the Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R .) and Federal Register (Fed. Reg.) are available for sale from th e Superintendent o f Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. (b) Copies of Forms DEP7007EE-1 to EE-3 are available on the Internet at http://www.air.ky.gov/permitting/Permit+Application+Forms.htm . (27 Ky.R. 2606; Am. 3276; 28 Ky.R. 373; eff. 8-15-2001; 29 Ky.R. 540; 1605; eff. 12-18-02; 32 Ky.R. 724; 1233; eff. 2-3-06.) 

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...401 KAR 51:170. NOx requirements for cement kilns.

RELATES TO: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.121 as amended at 65 FR 11222 (March 2, 2000 ), 51.122, 72.2, 75.1, 75.2, 75.4, 75.11-75.13, 75.17, 75.19, 75.20, 75.24, 75.70, 75.72, 75.74, 75.75, Part 96, 42 U.S.C. 7410 STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.121 as amended at 65 FR 11222 (Marc h 2, 2000), 51.122, 72.2, 75.1, 75.2, 75.4, 75.11-75.13, 75.17, 75.19, 75.20, 75.24, 75.70, 75.72, 75.74, 75.75, Part 96, 42 U.S.C. 7410 NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100 r equires the Environmental and Public Protection Cabinet to promulgat e administrative regulations for the preventi on, abatement, and control of air pollution. This administrative regulation provides for the regional control o f nitrogen oxides (NOx) emis sions from portland cement manufacturing plants pur suant to the federal mandate published under the N Ox SIP Call. This administrative regulation is not more stringent nor otherwise different than the provisions allowed under the federal mandate.

Section 1. Applicability. This adm inistrative regulation shall apply to a port land cement manufacturing plant with proces s rates, on or after January 1, 1995, equal to or greater than: (1) Twelve (12) tons of clinker per hour for a long dry kiln; (2) Ten (10) tons of clinker per hour for a long wet kiln; (3) Sixteen (16) tons of clinker per hour for a preheater kiln; or (4) Twenty-two (22) tons of clinker per hour for a precalciner or preheater/precalciner kiln.

Section 2. Standard for Kilns. (1) On and after May 31, 2004, the owner or operator of a kiln specified in Section 1 of t his administrative regulation shall, during a control period, operate the kiln so that NOx em issions do not exceed six and six-tenths (6.6) lbs per ton of cl inker averaged over a thirty (30) day rolling period. (2) The requirements in subsecti on (1) of this section shall not apply during: (a) Periods of start-up, shutdown, or malfunction that do not exceed thirty-six (36) consecutive hours; and (b) Regularly sc heduled maintenance activities.

Section 3. Reporting, Monitoring, and Recordkeeping for Kilns. (1) Reporting requirements. The owner or operator of a kil n specified in Section 1 o f this administrative regulation shall submit the following reports to the cabinet at the locations specified in Section 4 of thi s administrative regulation: (a) By May 31, 2004, a report that includes: 1. The number and types of kilns; 2. The name and address of the plant where the kilns are located; and 3. The name and telephone number of the person res ponsible for demonstrating that the kiln is in compliance. (b) By October 31 each year, beginning in 2004, a repor t that documents the total NOx emissions from the kiln during the control period. (2) Monitoring requirements. Beginning April 1, 2004, the ow ner or operator of a kiln specified in Section 1 of this admi nistrative regulation shall monitor NOx emissions during each control period in acco rdance with provisions in 40 CFR 96.70 to 96.76. (3) Recordkeeping requirements. An owner or operator of a kiln specified in Section 1 of this administrative regulation s hall maintain all records necessary to demonstrate compliance with the standards in Sectio n 2 of this administrative regulation for a period of two (2) y ears. These records shall: (a) Be kept at the facility where the kiln is located; (b) Be made available to the cabinet or the U.S. EPA upon request; and (c) Contain the following information: 1. Emissions, in pounds of NOx per ton of clinker, from the kiln; 2. The results of all performance tests; 3. Daily production records; and 4. The date, time, and duration of all startups, shutdowns , or malfunctions in the operation of the kiln or emissions mon itoring equipment.

Section 4. Reporting to the Cabinet. Reports r equired to be submitted to the cabinet shall be mailed to: (1) Manager, Permit Review Branch, Kentucky Divisi on for Air Quality, 803 Schenkel Lane, Frankfort, Kentucky 40601; and (2) To the appropriate Regional Office of the Division for Air Quality as follows: (a) Ashland Regional Office, 3700 Thirteenth Street, Ashland, Kentucky 41105, (606) 920-2067; (b) Bowling Green Regional Office, 1508 We sten Avenue, Bowling Green, Kentucky 42104, (270) 746-7475; (c) Florence Regional Office, 8020 Veterans Memori al Drive, Suite 110, Florence, Kentucky 41042, (859) 525-4923; (d) Hazard Regional Office, 233 Birch Stre et, Suite 2, Hazard, Kentucky 41701, (606) 435-6022; (e) London Regional Office, 875 S. Main Street, London, Kentucky 40741, (606) 330-2080; (f) Owensboro Regional Office, 3032 Alvey Park Driv e, W., Suite 700, Owensboro, Kentucky 42303, (270) 687-7304; and (g) Paducah Regional Office, 130 Eagle Nest Drive, Pa ducah, Kentucky 42003, (270) 898-8468. (27 Ky.R. 2609; Am. 3281; eff . 8-15-2001; TAm eff. 8-9-2007.) 

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...401 KAR 51:180. NOx credits for early reduction and emergency.

RELATES TO: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.121 as amended at 65 FR 11222 (March 2, 2000 ), 51.122, 72.2, 75.1, 75.2, 75.4, 75.11-75.13, 75.17, 75.19, 75.20, 75.24, 75.70, 75.72, 75.74, 75.75, Part 96, 42 U.S.C. 7410 STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.121 as amended at 65 FR 11222 (Marc h 2, 2000), 51.122, 72.2, 75.1, 75.2, 75.4, 75.11-75.13, 75.17, 75.19, 75.20, 75.24, 75.70, 75.72, 75.74, 75.75, Part 96, 42 U.S.C. 7410 NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100 r equires the Environmental and Public Protection Cabinet to promulgat e administrative regulations for the preventi on, abatement, and control of air pollution. This administrative regulation provides for the distribution of NOx allowances from a compliance supplement pool allocated to Kentuc ky by the U.S. EPA for sources that reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx ) emissions before the compliance deadline of the federal man date published under the NOx SIP Call. It also provides for setting aside unused cred its to assist sources that are unable to meet the compliance deadline. This administrative regulation is not more stringent nor otherwise different than t he provisions allowed under the federal mandate.

Section 1. Applicability. This administrative regulation shall apply to a NOx budget unit in Kentucky.

Section 2. Procurement and Use of Early Reduction Credits (ERCs). (1) ERCs may be earned for reductions in NOx emissions achieved during the 2001, 2002, and 2003 control periods. (2) NOx allowances given for earned ERCs may be deduc ted for compliance with NOx emission standards in 401 KAR 51:160 onl y during the 2004 and 2005 control periods. (3) ERCs shall not be earned for emission reduc tions made to satisfy requirements under the Clean Air Act.

Section 3. The Compliance Supplem ent Pool. (1) The compliance supplement pool shall be divided into separate pools (utili ty and industry) based on the ratio of the NOx emission reductions required from each gr oup to the total reductions required from both groups multipli ed by the number of ERCs in the compliance supplement pool as specified in the Kentucky State Implementation Plan (SIP). (2) The utility pool shall be further divided into separate annual allocations as follows: (a) Twenty (20) percent of the utility pool to be allocated for NOx emission reductions achieved in 2001; (b) Thirty (30) percent of the utility pool to be allocated for NOx emission reductions achieved in 2002; and (c) Fifty (50) percent of the utility pool to be allocated for NOx emissi on reductions achieved in 2003. (3) The entire industry pool shall be available for distribution beginnin g in 2002 and shall be allocated annually throug h 2004 for NOx emission reductions achieved in 2001, 2002, and 2003 or until all available NOx allowances are allocated. (4) Unrequested NOx allowances fr om the previous year shall be made available in the a pplicable pool for the next annual allocation.

Section 4. Methodology for Determining Allocation of ERCs. (1) The annual allocation of ERCs shall be made based on the a ctual NOx emission reductions achieved for each NOx budget uni t during the 2001, 2002, and 2003 control periods compared to the unit’s baseline NO x emission rate during the 2000 control period. (2) Baseline emissions shall be determi ned using the procedures in 40 CFR 96.70 to 96.76. (3) ERCs shall be granted only for NOx emission reductions that are monitored pursuant to Section 6 of this administrativ e regulation and reported pursuant to Section 7 of this administrative regulation. (4) An ERC shall be granted for each ton of NOx emissi on reduction achieved below 0.45 lbs/MMBTU or the average NOx emiss ion rate (in lbs/MMBTU) from the baseline control period in 2000, whichever is less. (5) ERCs shall be rounded to the nearest whole number and distributed in the form of one (1) NOx allowance for one (1) to n of NOx emission reduction. (6) If the requests for ERCs exc eeds the maximum NOx allowanc es available for distributi on in the applicable pool for an annual allocation, the cabinet shall distribute the ERCs on a propor tional basis using the foll owing calculation: the NOx budget unit's allocated ERCs shall equal the unit's NOx emission reductions determined pursuant to subs ection (3) of this section divided by the total NOx emission reductions from all units in the applicable pool multiplied by the ERCs availabl e for distribution in that pool. (7) NOx allowances shall be distri buted annually on or before May 1 of each year for the previous year's NOx emission red uctions beginning in 2002 and ending in 2004. (8) The cabinet shall notify the U.S. EPA of the final allocation on or before May 31, 2004.

Section 5. NOx Credits for Emergency Use. After alloca tions are made pursuant to Section 4 of this administrative regulat ion for 2001, 2002, and 2003, credits that remain in the compliance supplement pools shal l be used by the cabinet to assist sources that are unable to meet the compliance deadline in 401 KAR 51:160 according to the following restrictions: (1) ERCs remaining in the utilit y pool shall only be used to as sist electric generating units and ERCs remaining in the i ndustry pool shall only be used to assist industrial boilers or turbines. (2) Credits shall be issued by the cabinet to extend the compliance deadline only for sources that meet the following con ditions: (a) Electric generating units for which meeting the comp liance deadline would seriously j eopardize the reliability of the electric supply, and for which it was not feasible to import electricity from other sources in order to meet the deadline; (b) Industrial boilers and turbi nes for which meeting the compliance deadli ne would create an undue risk comparable to th at for utility sources in paragraph (a) of this subsection; and (c) Sources able to demonstrate that it was not possibl e to acquire sufficient NOx allo wances to meet the compliance dead line by: 1. Generating ERCs; 2. Acquiring ERCs from other sources; or 3. Acquiring NOx allowanc es from the NOx Budget Trading Program. (3) Allowances shall be allocated, based upon need, in 2004 and 2005. (4) A public hearing shall take place before allowances are allocated.

Section 6. Monitoring Requirements. (1) Monitoring s hall be performed on a NOx budget uni t for which early reduction cred it is to be obtained during the 2000 control period and each subsequent control peri od during which NOx emissi on reductions will occur. (2) Units shall be monitored in accordance with 40 CFR 96.70 to 96.76.

Section 7. Reporting Requirements. (1) The owner or oper ator of a NOx budget source that achieves early reductions pursua nt to this administrative 

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...regulation shall submit a report to the cabinet on or before Januar y 30 of each year following the year in which reductions wer e achieved for the years o f 2001, 2002, and 2003, documenting the actual NO x emission reductions achi eved by each NOx budget unit during each control perio d compared to the unit’s actual emissions during the 2000 cont rol period. These reports shall contain t he following information, for each NOx bud get unit: (a) Identification and location of the unit that achieved NOx emission reductions; (b) The maximum design heat input for the unit, expressed in MMBTU/hr; (c) For the 2000 control period and each control period during which NOx emissi on reductions are achieved: 1. The total hours of operation; 2. The total NOx emissions, in tons; 3. The average NOx emission rate, in lbs/MMBTU; 4. The maximum allowable NO x emission rate, based on the most stringent applicable requirement, in lbs/MMBTU; and 5. Calculations showing the tons of NOx emission reduc tions below 0.45 lbs/MMBTU or the average NOx emission rate (in lbs /MMBTU) from the baseline season, whichever is less. (2) The report required in subsection (1) of this se ction shall be signed by the owner or operator of the NOx budget sour ce and submitted to: (a) Manager, Permit Review Branch, Kentucky Divisi on for Air Quality, 803 Schenkel Lane, Frankfort, Kentucky 40601; and (b) The appropriate regional office of the Division for Air Quality as follows: 1. Ashland Regional Office, 3700 Thir teenth Street, Ashland, Kentucky 41105, (606) 920-2067; 2. Bowling Green Regional Office, 1508 West en Avenue, Bowling Green, Kentucky 42104, (270) 746-7475; 3. Florence Regional Office, 8020 Veterans Memori al Drive, Suite 110, Florence, Kentucky 41042, (859) 525-4923; 4. Hazard Regional Office, 233 Birch Street, Suite 2, Hazard, Kentucky 41701, (606) 435-6022; 5. London Regional Office, 875 S. Main Street, London, Kentucky 40741, (606) 330-2080; 6. Owensboro Regional Office, 3032 Alvey Park Driv e, W., Suite 700, Owensboro, Kentucky 42303, (270) 687-7304; or 7. Paducah Regional Office, 130 Eagle Ne st Drive, Paducah, Kentucky 42003, (270) 898-8468. (27 Ky.R. 2611; Am. 3283; 28 Ky.R. 377; eff. 8-15-2001; TAm eff. 8-9-2007.) 

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...401 KAR 51:190. Banking and trading NOx allowances.

RELATES TO: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.121 as amended at 65 FR 11222 (March 2, 2000 ), 51.122, 72.2, 75.1, 75.2, 75.4, 75.11-75.13, 75.17, 75.19, 75.20, 75.24, 75.70, 75.72, 75.74, 75.75, Part 96, 42 U.S.C. 7410 STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20.110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.121 as amended at 65 FR 11222 (Marc h 2, 2000), 51.122, 72.2, 75.1, 75.2, 75.4, 75.11-75.13, 75.17, 75.19, 75.20, 75.24, 75.70, 75.72, 75.74, 75.75, Part 96, 42 U.S.C. 7410 NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100 r equires the Environmental and Public Protection Cabinet to promulgat e administrative regulations for the preventi on, abatement, and control of air pollution. This administrative regulation incorpor ates by reference the federal regulation that establishes a program for banking and trading of emission allowances to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions under the federal NOx SIP Call. This administrative regulation is not more stringent nor otherwise different than the provisions of the federal manda te.

Section 1. For purposes of 40 CFR 96.10 to 96.14, 96.30, 96.31, 96.50 to 96.55 (b), 96.56 to 96.57, 96.60 to 96.62: (1) The administrator shall be the Administrator of the U.S. EPA; (2) The permitting authority shall be the cabinet; (3) The citations, Subpart E and 40 CFR 96.42(e) shall be 401 KAR 51:160, NOx requirements for large utility and industri al boilers; and (4) The citation Subpart I shall be 401 KAR 51:195, NOx opt-in provisions.

Section 2. Applicability. NOx budget units shall comply with the following requirements, which are incorporated by refere nce in Section 3 of this administrative regulation: (1) 40 CFR 96.10 to 96.14; (2) 40 CFR 96.30 to 96.31; (3) 40 CFR 96.50 to 96.55(b) and 96.56 to 96.57; and (4) 40 CFR 96.60 to 96.62.

Section 3. Incorporation by Reference. (1) The following material is incorporated by reference: (a) 40 CFR 96.10 to 96.14, "NOx Authorized Account Repr esentative for NOx Budget Sources," as published in the Code of Fe deral Regulations, 40 CFR Part 96, July 1, 1999; (b) 40 CFR 96.30 to 96.31, "Compliance Certification," as published in the Code of Federal Regulations, 40 CFR Part 96, J uly 1, 1999; (c) 40 CFR 96.50 to 96.55(b) and 96.56 to 96.57, "NOx Allowance Tracking System," as published in the Code of Federal Reg ulations, 40 CFR Part 96, July 1, 1999; and (d) 40 CFR 96.60 to 96.62, "NOx Allowance Transfers," as published in the Code of Federal Regulations, 40 CFR Part 96, Ju ly 1, 1999. (2) This material may be inspected, copied, or obtai ned at the following offices of the Division for Air Quality, Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.: (a) The Division for Air Quality, 803 Sc henkel Lane, Frankfort, Kentucky 40601, (502) 573-3382; (b) Ashland Regional Office, 3700 Thirteenth Street, Ashland, Kentucky 41105, (606) 920-2067; (c) Bowling Green Regional Office, 1508 Westen Avenue, Bowling Green, Kentucky 42104, (270) 746-7475; (d) Florence Regional Office, 8020 Veterans Memori al Drive, Suite 110, Florence, Kentucky 41042, (859) 525-4923; (e) Hazard Regional Office, 233 Birch Stre et, Suite 2, Hazard, Kentucky 41701, (606) 435-6022; (f) London Regional Office, 875 S. Main Street, London, Kentucky 40741, (606) 330-2080; (g) Owensboro Regional Office, 3032 Alvey Park Drive, W., Suite 700, Owensboro, Kentucky 42303, (270) 687-7304; and (h) Paducah Regional Office, 130 Eagle Ne st Drive, Paducah, Kentucky, 42003 (270) 898-8468. (3) Copies of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and the Federal Register (Fed. Reg.) are available for sale from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402. (27 Ky.R. 2611; Am. 3285; eff. 8-15-2001; TAm eff. 8-9-2007 .) 

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...401 KAR 51:195. NOx opt-in provisions.

RELATES TO: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.121 as amended at 65 FR 11222 (March 2, 2000 ), 51.122, 72.2, 75.1, 75.2, 75.4, 75.11-75.13, 75.17, 75.19, 75.20, 75.24, 75.70, 75.72, 75.74, 75.75, Part 96, 42 U.S.C. 7410, 7661 STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20.110, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 51.121 as amended at 65 FR 11222 (Marc h 2, 2000), 51.122, 72.2, 75.1, 75.2, 75.4, 75.11-75.13, 75.17, 75.19, 75.20, 75.24, 75.70, 75.72, 75.74, 75.75, Part 96, 42 U.S.C. 7410, 7 661 NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100 r equires the Environmental and Public Protection Cabinet to promulgat e administrative regulations for the prevention, abatement, and cont rol of air pollution. The federal regulation incorporated by reference in this administrative regulation establishes provis ions for individual sources to opt into the NOx Budget Trading Program. This admini strative regulation is not more stringent nor otherwise different th an the provisions of the federal mandate.

Section 1. For purposes of 40 CFR 96.80 to 96.88: (1) The administrator shall be the Administrator of the U.S. EPA; (2) The permitting authority shall be the cabinet; (3) The citations Subpart E, 96.4, 96.5, and 96.42, shall be 401 KAR 51:160; (4) The citations 96.20, 96.21(c), 96.22, and 96.23, shall be 401 KAR Chapter 52; and (5) The citation Subparts A through H shall be 401 KAR 51:001, 51:160, 51:170, 51:180, and 51:190.

Section 2. Applicability. Units that opt into the NO x Budget Trading Program shall comply with the requirements of 40 CFR 96.80 to 96.88, which is incorporated by reference in Section 3 of this administrative regulation.

Section 3. Incorporation by Reference. (1) 40 CFR 96. 80 to 96.88, "Individual Unit Opt-ins," as published in the Code of Federal Regulations, 40 CFR Part 96, July 1, 1999, is incorporated by reference. (2) This material may be inspected, copied, or obtai ned at the following offices of the Division for Air Quality, Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.: (a) The Division for Air Quality, 803 Sc henkel Lane, Frankfort, Kentucky, 40601, (502) 573-3382; (b) Ashland Regional Office, 3700 Thirteenth Street, Ashland, Kentucky, 41105, (606) 920-2067; (c) Bowling Green Regional Office, 1508 Westen Avenue, Bowling Green, Kentucky, 42104, (270) 746-7475; (d) Florence Regional Office, 8020 Veterans Memori al Drive, Suite 110, Florence, Kentucky, 41042, (859) 525-4923; (e) Hazard Regional Office, 233 Birch Stre et, Suite 2, Hazard, Kentucky, 41701, (606) 435-6022; (f) London Regional Office, 875 S. Main Street, London, Kentucky, 40741, (606) 330-2080; (g) Owensboro Regional Office, 3032 Alvey Park Drive, W., Suite 700, Owensboro, Kentucky, 42303, (270) 687-7304; and (h) Paducah Regional Office, 130 Eagle Ne st Drive, Paducah, Kentucky, 42003, (270) 898-8468. (3) Copies of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) and th e Federal Register (Fed. Reg) are available for sale from the S uperintendent o f Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. (27 Ky.R. 2614; Am. 3286; eff. 8-15-2001; TAm eff. 8-9-2007 .) 

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...

### 224.10

- 100 Powers and duties of cabinet.

In addition to any other powers and duties vested in it by law, the cabinet shall ha ve the authority, power, and duty to: (1) Exercise general supervision of the administration and enforcement of this chapter, and all rules, regulations, and orders promulgated thereunder; (2) Prepare and develop a comprehensive plan or plans related to the environment of the Commonwealth; (3) Encourage industrial, commercial, residential, and community development which provides the best usage of land areas, maximizes environmental benefits, and minimizes the effects of less desirable environmental cond itions; (4) Develop and conduct a comprehensive program for the management of water, land, and air resources to assure their protection and balance utilization consistent with the environmental policy of the Commonwealth; (5) Provide for the prevention, abatement, and control of all water, land, and air pollution, including but not limited to that related to particulates, pesticides, gases, dust, vapors, noise, radiation, odor, nutrients, heated liquid, or other contaminants; (6) Provide for the control and regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation in a manner to accomplish the purposes of KRS Chapter 350; (7) Secure necessary scientific, technical, administrative, and operational services, including laboratory facilities, by contract or otherwise; (8) Collect and disseminate information and conduct educational and training programs relating to the protection of the environment; (9) Appear and participate in proceedings before any federal regulatory agency involving or affecting the purposes of the cabinet; (10) Enter and inspect any property or premises for the purpose of investigating either actual or suspected sources of pollution or contamination or for the purpose of ascertaining compliance or noncompliance with this chapter, or any regulation which may be promulgated thereunder; (11) Conduct investigations and hold hearings and compel the attendance of witnesses and the production of accounts, books, and records by the issuance of subpoenas; (12) Accept, receive, and administer grants or other funds or gifts from public and private agencies including the federal government for the purpose of carrying out any of the functions of the cabinet. The funds received by the cabinet shall be deposited in the State Treasury to the account of the cabinet; (13) Request and receive the assistance of any state or municipal educational institution, experiment station, laboratory, or other agency when it is deemed necessary or beneficial by the cabinet in the performance of its duties; (14) Advise, consu lt, and cooperate with other agencies of the Commonwealth, other states, the federal government, and interstate and interlocal agencies, and affected persons, groups, and industries;

### (15) Formulate guides for measuring presently unidentified environmental values and

relationships so they can be given appropriate consideration along with social, economic, and technical considerations in decision making; (16) Monitor the environment to afford more effective and efficient control practices, to identify chang es and conditions in ecological systems, and to warn of emergency conditions; (17) Adopt, modify, or repeal with the recommendation of the commission any standard, regulation, or plan specified in KRS 224.01

- 110 (5) and (6); (18) Issue, after hearing, orders abating activities in violation of this chapter, or the provisions of this chapter, or the regulations promulgated pursuant thereto and requiring the adoption of the remedial measures the cabinet deems necessary; (19) Issue, continue in effect, revok e, modify, suspend, or deny under such conditions as the cabinet may prescribe and require that applications be accompanied by plans, specifications, and other information the cabinet deems necessary for the following permits: (a) Permits to discharge into any waters of the Commonwealth, and for the installation, alteration, expansion, or operation of any sewage system; however, the cabinet may refuse to issue the permits to any person, or any partnership, corporation, etc., of which the person owns more t han ten percent (10%) interest, who has improperly constructed, operated, or maintained a sewage system willfully, through negligence, or because of lack of proper knowledge or qualifications until the time that person demonstrates proper qualifications to the cabinet and provides the cabinet with a performance bond; (b) Permits for the installation, alteration, or use of any machine, equipment, device, or other article that may cause or contribute to air pollution or is intended primarily to prevent or co ntrol the emission of air pollution; or (c) Permits for the establishment or construction and the operation or maintenance of waste disposal sites and facilities; (20) May establish, by regulation, a fee or schedule of fees for the cost of processing applications for permits authorized by this chapter, and for the cost of processing applications for exemptions or partial exemptions which may include but not be limited to the administrative costs of a hearing held as a result of the exemption application, except that applicants for existing or proposed publicly owned facilities shall be exempt from any charge, other than emissions fees assessed pursuant to KRS 224.20

- 050, and that certain nonprofit organizations shall be charged lower fees to process water discharge permits under KRS 224.16

- 050(5); (21) May require for persons discharging into the waters or onto the land of the Commonwealth, by regulation, order, or permit, technological levels of treatment and effluent limitations; (22) Require, by regula tion, that any person engaged in any operation regulated pursuant to this chapter install, maintain, and use at such locations and intervals as the cabinet may prescribe any equipment, device, or test and the methodologies and

### procedures for the use of the equipment, device, or test to monitor the nature and

amount of any substance emitted or discharged into the ambient air or waters or land of the Commonwealth and to provide any information concerning the monitoring to the cabinet in accordance with the pr ovisions of subsection (23) of this section; (23) Require by regulation that any person engaged in any operation regulated pursuant to this chapter file with the cabinet reports containing information as to location, size, height, rate of emission or discharge, and composition of any substance discharged or emitted into the ambient air or into the waters or onto the land of the Commonwealth, and such other information the cabinet may require; (24) Promulgate regulations, guidelines, and standards for wast e planning and management activities, approve waste management facilities, develop and publish a comprehensive statewide plan for nonhazardous waste management which shall contain but not be limited to the provisions set forth in KRS 224.43

- 345, and develop and publish a comprehensive statewide plan for hazardous waste management which shall contain but not be limited to the following: (a) A description of current hazardous waste management practices and costs, including treatment and disposal, within the Commonwealth; (b) An inventory and description of all existing facilities where hazardous waste is being generated, treated, recycled, stored, or disposed of, including an inventory of the deficiencies of present facilities in meeting current hazardous waste management needs and a statement of the ability of present hazardous waste management facilities to comply with state and federal laws relating to hazardous waste; (c) A description of the sources of hazardous waste affecting the Commonwealth includin g the types and quantities of hazardous waste currently being generated and a projection of such activities as can be expected to continue for not less than twenty (20) years into the future; and (d) An identification and continuing evaluation of those locations within the Commonwealth which are naturally or may be engineered to be suitable for the establishment of hazardous waste management facilities, and an identification of those general characteristics, values, and attributes which would render a part icular location unsuitable, consistent with the policy of minimizing land disposal and encouraging the treatment and recycling of the

wastes. The statewide waste management plans shall be developed consistent with state and federal laws relating to waste; (25) Perform other acts necessary to carry out the duties and responsibilities described in this section; (26) Preserve existing clean air resources while ensuring economic growth by issuing regulations, which shall be no more stringent than federal re quirements, setting maximum allowable increases from stationary sources over baseline concentrations

### of air contaminants to prevent significant deterioration in areas meeting the state

and national ambient air quality standards; (27) Promulgate regulations concerning the bonding provisions of subsection (19)(a) of this section, setting forth bonding requirements, including but not limited to requirements for the amount, duration, release, and forfeiture of the bonds. All funds from the forfeiture of bonds required pursuant to this section shall be placed in the State Treasury and credited to a special trust and agency account which shall not lapse. The account shall be known as the "sewage treatment system rehabilitation fund" and all moneys placed in the fund shall be used for the elimination of nuisances and hazards created by sewage systems which were improperly built, operated, or maintained, and insofar as practicable be used to correct the problems at the same site for which the bond or other sureties were originally provided; and (28) Promulgate administrative regulations not inconsistent with the provisions of law administered by the cabinet.

Effective: August 30, 2007 History: Amended 2007 (2d Extra. Sess.) Ky. Acts ch. 1, sec. 42, effective August 30, 2007.

-- Amended 1994 Ky. Acts ch. 162, sec. 3, effective July 15, 1994.

-- Amended 1990 Ky. Acts ch. 325, sec. 15, effective July 13, 1990; and ch. 412, sec. 1, effective July 13, 1990.

-- Amended 1986 Ky. Acts ch. 455, sec. 1, effective July 15, 19 86.

-- Amended 1984 Ky. Acts ch. 111, sec. 109, effective July 13, 1984.

-- Amended 1980 Ky. Acts ch. 264, sec. 2; and ch. 377, sec. 10, effective July 15, 1980.

-- Amended 1978 Ky. Acts ch. 113, sec. 3, effective June 17, 1978; and ch. 266, sec. 2, effective June 17, 1978.

-- Amended 1974 Ky. Acts ch. 355, sec. 2, effective June 21, 1974.

-- Created 1972 (1st Extra. Sess.) Ky. Acts ch. 3, sec. 3, effective January 1, 1973. Formerly codified as KRS 224.033 Legislative Research Commission Note (9/28/93). T he Division of Energy within the Department for Natural Resources of the Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Cabinet was made "responsible for subsections (28) and (29)" of this statute by 1990 Ky. Acts, ch. 325, sec. 14. Legislative Research Commission Note (6/20/2005). 2005 Ky. Acts ch. 123, sec. 5, codified at KRS 224.10

- 103, provides that the Division of Energy and all "personnel, functions, powers, and duties of the Division of Energy shall be transferred to the Tourism Development Cabinet. " The abolition of the Tourism Development Cabinet and creation of the Commerce Cabinet under Executive Order 2004

- 729 were confirmed by 2005 Ky. Acts ch. 95, in which the Office of Energy Policy is established and statutory references to the "Division of Energy" are changed to the "Office of Energy Policy."401 KAR 50:012. General application.

RELATES TO: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-120, 40 C.F.R. 60.14, 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq., 7408, 7410

STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100
NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100 requi res the Environmental and Public Protection Cabinet to prescribe
administrative regulations for the prevention, abatement, and co ntrol of air pollution. 42 USC 7410 likewise requires the state to implement standards fo r national primary and secondary ambient air qua lity. This administrative regulation provi des guidelines by which all administrat ive regulations of 401 KAR
Chapters 50 to 65, are to be understood.

Section 1. General Application of Administrative Regulations and Standards. Admi nistrative Regulations of the cabinet sha ll be construed and applied according to subsections (1) through (6 ) of this section, which shall guide t he cabinet in the issuance, modification, and revocation of permits. (1) All major sources of VOCs located in a county or portion of a county which is designated ozone nonattainment, for any nonattainment classification except marginal, under 401 KAR 51:010, shall install and use control te chnology which is r easonable and availabl e. (a) The determination of reasonably available control technology shall be approved by t he cabinet and shall be based upon : 1. A Control Techniques Guidelines Document issued by the U.S. EPA and promulgated in regulatory form by the cabinet; or
2. If no Control Techniques Guideli nes Document is appropriate, the lowest emis sion limit that a particular source is cap able of meeting by the
application of control technology that is reasonably available consi dering technological and economic feasibility. The cabinet may require technology that
has been applied to similar, but not nec essarily identical source categories. (b) For those reasonably availabl e control technology determinations not based on a control techniques guidelines documen t, the cabinet shall:
1. Hold a public hearing on the determination. 2. Submit the determination to the U.S. EPA for approval.
(c) For these determinations, that portion of a source with facilities uncontrolled by reasonably available control techn ology which emit VOCs that
sum to 100 tpy or greater shall be considered a major source. (2) In the absence of a standard specified in these admin istrative regulations, all major air contaminant sources shall a s a minimum apply control
procedures that are reasonable, available, and practical. (3) Nothing in these administrative regulations is intende d to permit a practice which is in violation of a statute, ordi nance, or administrative
regulation. (4) These administrative regulations shall be complem entary to each other, and to other administrative regulations adopte d by the cabinet. If a
provision of these administrative regulations or the application thereof to a person or circumstance is held to be invalid, the invalidity shall not affect othe r provisions or applicat ion of another part of these administrative regulations and to this end each provision of these administr ative regulations and the
various applications thereof are declared to be severable. (5) Except as provided by 401 KAR 50:055, nothing in thes e administrative regulations shall allow a source to remove cont rol equipment o r discontinue procedures previous ly required in a nonattainment area to achieve the national ambient air quality standards until a state implementation plan containing different requirements has been approved by the U.S. EPA. (6) For the purpose of applying the definition of modifica tion, an increase in the amount of an air pollutant shall be de termined as in 40 CFR 60.14. (5
Ky.R. 352; eff. 6-6-79; Recodified from 401 KAR 50:005, 7-31-90; Am. 18 Ky.R. 2604; 2929; 3333; eff. 6-24-92; 24 Ky.R. 648; eff . 11-12-97; TAm eff. 8-
9-2007.) 

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...401 KAR 63:005. Open burning.

RELATES TO: KRS 149.400, 224.10-100, 224.20-100, 224.20-110, 224.20-120, 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100, 224.20-110 NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100 r equires the Environmental and Public Protection Cabinet to promulgat e administrative regulations for the prevention, abatement, and cont rol of air pollution. KRS 224.20-110 prohibits any person fro m directly or indirectly, emitting into or discharging into the air under the jurisdiction of the commonwealth, or causing, permitting, or allowing to be emitted or discharged into the air, any contaminants as provided for in subsection (1) of KRS 224.01-010 that s hall cause or contribute to the pollution o f the air of the commonwealth in contravention of any of t he rules, administrative regulations, or or ders of the cabinet. This administrative re gulation establishes requirements for the control of open burning.

Section 1. Definitions. (1) "Clean lumber" means wood or wood products that have been cut or shaped and includes wet, air-dried, and kiln-dried w ood products and does not include commercial or industrial waste or wood products that have been painted, pigment-stained, or pressure-treated using any hazardous or toxic compounds. (2) "Fire training" means the instruction of industri al, public and private firefighters conducted in accordance with saf ety standards and procedures as accepted by the Kentucky State Fire Ma rshal, the Kentucky Fire Commission or the National Wildfire Coordinating Group. (3) "Garbage" means putrescibl e animal and vegetable matter accumulated in t he course of ordinary day-to-day living. (4) "Household rubbish" means waste material and trash norma lly accumulated by a family in a residence in the course of o rdinary day-to-day living, except for garbage, cans, glass, plastic, or other potentially hazardous waste materials. (5) "Land clearing" means clearing of land for agricultu ral, residential, industrial, or commercial development purposes, including the construction o f roads. (6) "Open burning" means the burning of any matter with out a burn chamber approved by t he Kentucky Division for Air Quali ty, or without a stack o r chimney with control devices approved by the Kentucky Division for Air Quality. (7) "Priority I Region" means a region clas sified as Priority I in 401 KAR 50:020, Appendix A. (8) "Recognized agricultural, silv icultural, range, ecological, or wildlife management practices" means burning recognize d by the Kentucky Department of Agriculture, the United States Department of Agri culture, the Kentucky Division of Forestry, the United States Fo rest Service, the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife, the Kentucky State Nature Pres erves Commission, or the Un ited States Fish and Wildlif e Service as necessary to promote cultivation of crops, range, and fore st lands, weed and understory abatement and pest control and preventi on. (9) "Wood waste" means untreated wood and untreated wood products, including tree stumps (w hole or chipped), felled trees , tree limbs (whole o r chipped), bark, sawdust, chips, scraps, slabs, mill ings and shavings. Wood waste does not include: (a) Yard waste; (b) Construction, renovation, or demolition wastes; or (c) Clean lumber. (10) "Yard waste" means grass, grass clippings, bushes, shrubs , and clippings from bushes and shrubs, which come from res idential, commercial, retail, institutional, or industrial sources as part of mainta ining yards or other private or public lands. Yard waste does not include: (a) Construction, renovation, and demolition wastes; or (b) Clean lumber.

Section 2. Applicability. This administrative regulation shall apply to all open burning that is not subject to another a dministrative regulation in 401 KAR Chapters 50 to 65.

Section 3. Prohibition of Open Burning. Except as prov ided in Sections 4 and 5 of this administrative regulation, open bu rning shall be prohibited.

Section 4. Allowable Open Burning. Subject to the limi tations contained in this section and the restrictions contained in Section 5 of this administrative regulation, open burning shall be allowed for: (1) Fires set for the cooking of food for human consumption; (2) Fires set for recreational or ceremonial purposes; (3) Small fires set by construction and other workers for comfort heating purposes if: (a) The ambient temperature is below fifty (50) degrees Fahrenheit; (b) Excessive or unusual smoke is not created; (c) Only clean lumber or vegetative matter is burned; and (d) The fire is burned in a container not exceeding fifty-five (55) gallons in size; (4) Fires set for the purpose of weed abatement, disease, and pest prevention; (5) Fires set for prevention of a fire hazard, including the disposal of dangerous material s if no safe alternative is av ailable; (6) Fires set for the purpose of instruction and training of public and industrial employees in the methods of fighting f ires as set forth in Section 6 o f this administrative regulation; (7) Fires set for recognized agricultural, silvicul tural, range, ecological, and wildlife management practices; (8) Fires set by individual homeowners for burning of leaves except in cities greater than 8,000 population located in a Priority I Region; (9) Fires for disposal of househol d rubbish, which shall not include garbage, orig inating at dwellings of five (5) family units or less, if the fires are maintained by an occupant of the dwelling at the dwelling, exc ept in cities greater than 8,000 population located in a Priority I Region; (10) Fires set for the purpose of disposing of accidental spills or leaks of crude oil, petroleum products or other organ ic materials, and the disposal o f absorbent material used in their removal, if no other economicall y feasible means of disposal is available and practical. Permi ssion shall be obtained from the cabinet prior to burning; (11) Fires set for disposal of natural growth for land clearing and maintenance, and trees and tree limbs felled by storm s if no extraneous materials, such as tires or heavy oil which tend to produce dense smoke, are used to cause igni tion or aid combustion and the burning is d one on days when conditions do not pose a threat of igniting a forest fire. In re gions classified Priori ty I, with respect to particulate matter pursuant to 401 KAR 50:020, A ppendix A, the emissions from these fires shall not be equal to or greater than forty (40) percent opacity; (12) Heating ropes that are set on fire to repair steel rails during cold weather; and (13) Fires set by county or municipal governments to dispose of wood waste or clean lum ber. This activity shall not be co nsidered in violation of 401 KAR 47:030, Section 10.

Section 5. Restrictions to Open Burning. (1) For those counties, or portions of counties, which are, or were previously, designated moderate nonattainment for the one (1) hour ozone or nonattainment fo r the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) PM 10 or those counties, or portions of counties, which are, or were designated nonattainment for the eight (8) hour ozone or PM 2.5 national ambient air quality standards, pursuant to 401 

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...KAR 51:010, fires may be set in accordance with this administrativ e regulation except during the months of May, June, July, Aug ust, and September. During these months, the only open burni ng activities allowed shall be: (a) Fires set for the cooking of food for human consumption; (b) Fires set for prevention of a fire hazard, includi ng disposal of dangerous materials if no safe alternative is availa ble; (c) Fires set for the purpose of bona fide instruction and training of public and industria l employees in the methods of fighting fires; (d) Fires set for recognized agricultural, silvicul tural, range, ecological, and wildlife management practices; (e) Fires set for the purpose of disposing of accidental spills or leaks of crude oil, petroleum products or other organi c materials, and the disposal o f absorbent material used in their removal, if no other economicall y feasible means of disposal is available and practical. Permi ssion shall be obtained from the cabinet prior to burning; and (f) Fires set for recreational or ceremonial purposes. (2) Open burning shall comply with t he fire hazard season requirements of KRS 149.400. (3) Open burning for land clearing purposes associated wi th residential, commercial, or industrial development shall be l imited to a maximum of two (2) contiguous acres at any one (1) time. (4) This administrative regu lation shall not authorize open burning that is prohibited by any local ordinance.

Section 6. Procedures for Fire Training. Burning conduc ted in conjunction with training for public, private and industria l firefighters shall be subject to the following criteria: (1) Excluding fire training that has been approved by the Kentucky State Fire Marshal, or which has been certified by the Kentucky State Fire Commission, or which is conducted in accordance with standards adopted by the National Wildfire Coordinating Group, any entity intending to conduct fire training shall submit wri tten notification to the local Division for Air Quality regional office a minimum of fifteen (15) days prior to the scheduled training. The written notification shall state the location and the date of the proposed fire training, the name and contact in formation for the on-site training coordinator, the number of firefighters to be trained , the goals and the objectives of the training, and a brief summa ry of what is to be taught. (2) Any materials that contain asbestos shall not be burned. (3) Materials likely to produce haz ardous or toxic emissi ons shall be removed prior to the fire training burning event, t o the extent practicable, and properly disposed. (4) Excluding fire training approved by the Kentucky Division of Forestry or the Kentucky State Fire Marshal, or which ha s been certified by the Kentucky State Fire Commission, or which is conducted in accordan ce with standards adopted by the National Wildfire Coordinatin g Group, entities conducting fire training shall be limited to one burning event related to training per year for every ten firefighters under th eir supervision. (5) Excluding fire training approved by the Kentucky Division of Forestry or the Kentucky State Fire Marshal, or which ha s been certified by the Kentucky State Fire Commission, or which is conducted in accor dance with standards adopted by the National Wildfire Coordinatin g Group, between May 1 and September 30, fire training shall not be conducted in any counties, or portions of counti es, which are, or were previ ously, designated
moderate nonattainment for ozone, or desig nated, or previously designated, nonattainment for the eight (8) hour ozone or PM 2.5 (particulate matter) national ambient air quality standard, pursuant to 401 KAR 51:010. (5 Ky.R. 510; eff. 6-6-79; Am. 10 Ky.R. 634; eff. 3-1-84; 24 Ky.R. 654; 1299; eff. 1- 12-98; 31 Ky.R. 1354; 32 Ky.R. 63; eff. 7-13-2005.) 

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...401 KAR 63:010. Fugitive emissions.

RELATES TO: KRS Chapter 224

STATUTORY AUTHORITY: KRS 224.10-100 NECESSITY, FUNCTION, AND CONFORMITY: KRS 224.10-100 requi res the Environmental and Public Protection Cabinet to prescribe administrative regulations for the preventi on, abatement, and control of air pollution. This administrative regulation provides for the control of fugitive

emissions.

Section 1. Applicability. The provisions of this administrative regulation are applicable to each affected facility as de fined in Section 2 of this
administrative regulation.

Section 2. Definitions. Terms used in this administr ative regulation not defined herein shall have the meaning given to t hem in 401 KAR 50:010. (1) "Affected facility" means an apparatus, operation, or road which emits or may emit fugi tive emissions provided that t he fugitive emissions from such facility are not elsewhere subject to an opacity standard wi thin the administrative regulat ions of the Division for Air Qu ality. (2) "Fugitive emissions" means the emissions of any air contaminant into the open air other than from a stack or air poll ution control equipment

exhaust. (3) "Open air" means the air outside buildings, structures, and equipment. (4) "Classification date" means the e ffective date of this administrative regulation.

Section 3. Standards for Fugitive Emissions. (1) No per son shall cause, suffer, or allo w any material to be handled, proc essed, transported, o r stored; a building or its appurtenances to be c onstructed, altered, repaired, or demoli shed, or a road to be used without takin g reasonable precaution to prevent particulate matter from becoming airborne. Such reasonable precautions shall include, when applicable, but not be limit ed to the following: (a) Use, where possible, of water or chemicals for control of dust in the demolition of existing buildings or structures, construction operations, the grading of roads or the clearing of land; (b) Application and maintenance of asphalt, oil, water, or suitable chemical s on roads, materials stockpiles, and other s urfaces which can create
airborne dusts; (c) Installation and use of hoods, fans, and fabric filter s to enclose and vent the handling of dusty materials, or the u se of water sprays or othe r measures to suppress the dust emissions during handling. Adequat e containment methods shall be employed during sandblasting or other simila r operations; (d) Covering, at all times when in motion, open bodi ed trucks transporting materials likely to become airborne; (e) The maintenance of paved roadways in a clean condition; (f) The prompt removal of earth or other material fr om a paved street which earth or other material has been transported thereto by trucking or earth
moving equipment or erosion by water. (2) No person shall cause or permit the discharge of visible fugitive dust emissions beyond the lot line of the property on which the emissions
originate. (3) When dust, fumes, gases, mist, odorous matter, vapor s, or any combination thereof escape from a building or equipment in such a manner and

amount as to cause a nuisance or to violat e any administrative regulation, the secretary may order that the building or equipme nt in which processing,
handling and storage are done be tigh tly closed and ventilated in such a way that all air and gases and air or gas-borne materi al leaving the building o r equipment are treated by removal or destruction of ai r contaminants before discharge to the open air. (4) The provisions of this admin istrative regulation shall not app ly to agricultural practices, such as tilling of land o r application of fertilizers, which
take place on a farm.

Section 4. Additional Requirements. In addition to the r equirements of Section 3 of this administrative regulation, the f ollowing shall apply: (1) At all times when in motion, open bodied trucks, operating outside company property, transporting materials likely to become airborne shall be

covered. (2) Agricultural practices, such as tilling of land or application of fertilizers, which take place on a farm shall be co nducted in such a manner as to not create a nuisance to others residing in the area. Agricult ural practices are not subject to the opacity standard. (3) The provisions of Section 3(1) and (2) of this adm inistrative regulation shall not be applicable to temporary blastin g or construction operations. (4) No one shall allow earth or other material being transported by truck or earth moving equipment to be deposited onto a paved street or roadway. (5 Ky.R. 511; Am. 6 Ky.R. 50; eff. 6-29-1979; TAm eff. 8-9-2007.) 

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...

# Appendix H

Ohio and Indiana
Redesignation to Attainment

Request

Submittal

# I Environmental Protection Agency

Ted Strickland, Governor Lee Fisher, Lt. Governor Chris Korieski. Director



## Ms. Susan Hedman Regional Administrator US. EPA Region V 77 W. Jackson Blvd. Chicago, 1L 60604

Re: PM2.5 redesignation request for the 1997 PM2.5 Annual Standard for the CincinnatiHamilton Area

Dear Administrator Hedman:

I am writing to formally request a redesignation to attainment of the Ohio portion of the Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-IN-KY area (Butler, Clermont, Hamilton, and Warren Counties in Ohio; Dearborn Township in Indiana; and Boone, Campbell, and Kenton Counties in Kentucky) with respect to the 1997 PMz.~ annual standard. The enclosed submittal combines the redesignation request and the required maintenance plan for this area.

Monitoring of existing air quality indicates that the 1997 National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for PM2.5 has been attained throughout this area based on 2007- 2009 air quality data. Emissions projections indicate that current controls, existing State rules, existing federal rules, and Ohio's PSD program will be more than sufficient to maintain the NAAQS indefinitely into the future. These programs will, therefore, constitute the attainment and maintenance plan for Ohio's portion of the CincinnatiHamilton area.

The enclosed information, compiled by the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency (Ohio EPA), Ohio Department of Transportation, and the Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky Regional Council of Governments (associated planning organization), shows significant emission reductions in point and mobile sources since ambient violations have occurred. A significant portion of the improved air quality can be attributed to federal programs for the mobile source sector, the regional reductions associated with the NOx Trading Program, and control strategies implemented by Ohio, such as Low Reid Vapor Pressure Fuel requirements.

The public hearing for this package was held on November 29, 2010, in Cincinnati, Ohio and public comments were accepted through November 30, 2010.

50 West Town Street, Suhe 700 PO. Box 1049 Columbus, OH 43216-1049 614 

### / 644 3020 614 1644 3184 (fax) www.epa.ohio.gov

## If you have questions, please contact Jennifer Hunter in our Division of Air Pollution Control at (614) 644-3696.



## Sincerely,

Chris Korleski Director

# REDESIGNATION REQUEST AND MAINTENANCE PLAN FOR THE OHIO PORTION OF THE CINCINNATI-HAMILTON, OH-KY-IN ANNUAL PM 2.5 

# NONATTAINMENT AREA

Butler, Clermont, Hamilton, and Warren Counties, Ohio

Prepared by: Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Division of Air Pollution Control

December 2010

### This page left intentionally blanki 

## TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter One Introduction .................................................................................................................. ................. 1 Geographical description ...................................................................................................... ........ 2 Status of air quality ......................................................................................................... .............. 3

Chapter Two Requirements for redesignation ................................................................................................ .... 4

Chapter Three PM 2.5 

### monitoring ................................................................................................................... ......... 8 Annual PM 2.5 

### NAAQS .................................................................................................................... 8 Ambient data quality assured ........................................................................................................ 9 Three complete years of data .................................................................................................. ..... 9 Commitment to continue monitoring ........................................................................................... 1 3

Chapter Four Emission inventory ............................................................................................................ .......... 14 Base year inventory ........................................................................................................... ......... 14 Emission projections .......................................................................................................... ......... 15 Demonstration of maintenance .................................................................................................. . 24 Permanent and enforceable emissions reductions ..................................................................... 39 Provisions for future updates ................................................................................................. ..... 40

Chapter Five Control measures and regulations .............................................................................................. 41 Marginal nonattainment areas to implement RACM and RACT .................................................. 41 Show Reasonable Further Progress (RFP) ................................................................................ 43 Emission inventories .......................................................................................................... ......... 43 Implementation of past SIP revisions .......................................................................................... 44 New source review provisions ................................................................................................. .. 46 Assurance of continued controls ............................................................................................... .. 46

Chapter Six Contingency measures .......................................................................................................... ..... 48 Commitment to revise plan ..................................................................................................... .... 48 Commitment for contingency measures ..................................................................................... 48 Potential contingency measures ................................................................................................ . 49 List of PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , and NO x 

### sources ........................................................................................... 50

Chapter Seven Public participation .......................................................................................................... ............ 51

Chapter Eight Conclusions ................................................................................................................... ............. 52ii 

### FIGURES

Figure 1 Map of the Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN nonattainment area and monitor locations ................................................................................................................ 9 Figure 2 PM 2.5 

### Annual Mean Trends LADCO States ......................................................... 12 Figure 3 PM 2.5 

### Annual Mean Trends Midwest States ........................................................ 12 Figure 4 PM 2.5 

### Annual Mean National Trends .................................................................. 13

TABLES

Table 1 Monitoring Data for Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN area for 2007 – 2009 ......... 11 Table 2 Butler County, Ohio Emission Estimations for On-road Mobile Sources ............. 20 Table 3 Clermont County, Ohio Emission Estimations for On-road Mobile Sources ........ 20 Table 4 Hamilton County, Ohio Emission Estimations for On-road Mobile Sources ........ 21 Table 5 Warren County, Ohio Emission Estimations for On-road Mobile Sources .......... 21 Table 6 Dearborn County, Indiana Emission Estimations for On-road Mobile Sources ... 21 Table 7 Summary of Ohio and Indiana Emissions Estimations for On-road Mobile Sources ............................................................................................................... 21 Table 8 Boone County, Kentucky Emission Estimations for On-road Mobile Sources ..... 21 Table 9 Campbell County, Kentucky Emission Estimations for On-road Mobile Sources 21 Table 10 Kenton County, Kentucky Emission Estimations for On-road Mobile Sources .... 22 Table 11 Summary of Kentucky Emission Estimations for On-Road Mobile Sources ........ 22Table 12 Emission Estimations Totals for On-road Mobile Sources for the CincinnatiHamilton Area ...................................................................................................... 22 Table 13 Mobile Vehicle Emission Budget for Ohio and Indiana ....................................... 22 Table 14 Mobile Vehicle Emission Budget for Kentucky .................................................... 22 Table 15 Reductions in SO 2 

### and 

### NO x 

### EGU Emissions Between 2008 and 2009. ............. 26 Table 16 Reductions in SO 2 

### and 

### NO x 

### EGU Emissions Between the First Half of 2008 and 2010.... ......................................................................................................... 27 Table 17 Butler County, Ohio PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR. ............... 29 Table 18 Clermont County, Ohio PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR. ............... 29 Table 19 Hamilton County, Ohio PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR. ............... 29 Table 20 Warren County, Ohio PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR. ............... 30 Table 21 Dearborn County, Indiana PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR ................ 30 Table 22 Boone County, Kentucky PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR. ............... 30 Table 23 Campbell County, Kentucky PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR. ............... 31 Table 24 Kenton County, Kentucky PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR ................ 31 Table 25 Cincinnati-Hamilton Area PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR. ............... 31 Table 26 Butler County, Ohio NO x 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR ...................................... 32iii 

### Table 27 Clermont County, Ohio NO x 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR ..................... 32 Table 28 Hamilton County, Ohio NO x 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR. .................... 32 Table 29 Warren County, Ohio NO x 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR. .................... 33 Table 30 Dearborn County, Indiana NO x 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR. .................... 33 Table 31 Boone County, Kentucky NO x 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR. .................... 33 Table 32 Campbell County, Kentucky NO x 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR ..................... 34 Table 33 Kenton County, Kentucky NO x 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR. .................... 34 Table 34 Cincinnati-Hamilton Area NO x 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR. .................... 34 Table 35 Butler County, Ohio SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR ..................... 35 Table 36 Clermont County, Ohio SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR ..................... 35 Table 37 Hamilton County, Ohio SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR ..................... 35 Table 38 Warren County, Ohio SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR ..................... 36 Table 39 Dearborn County, Indiana SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR. .................... 36 Table 40 Boone County, Kentucky SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR. .................... 36 Table 41 Campbell County, Kentucky SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR ..................... 37 Table 42 Kenton County, Kentucky SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR ..................... 37 Table 43 Cincinnati-Hamilton Area SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR ..................... 37 Table 44 Cincinnati-Hamilton Area Comparison of 2008 attainment year and 2015 and 2021 projected emission estimates (tpy) ............................................................. 38 Table 45 Miami Fort Station, Hamilton County , Emission Reductions (tpy) as Reported by Clean Air Markets Division.............................................................................. 39 Table 46 Cincinnati-Hamilton Area Combined Comparison of 2005 base year and 2008 attainment year on-road and EGU reductions ..................................................... 39

APPENDICES

A Air Quality System (AQS) Data B Ohio 2005 SIP Base Year Inventory Discussion C “Mobile Source Emissions Inventory for the Cincinnati Ozone Nonattainment Area” D LADCO Technical Support Document E Public Participation Documentationiv 

### This page left intentionally blank

### REDESIGNATION REQUEST AND MAINTENANCE PLAN FOR THE OHIO PORTION OF THE CINCINNAT I-HAMILTON, OH-KY-IN ANNUAL PM 2.5 

### NONATTAINMENT AREA

Butler, Clermont, Hamilton, and Warren Counties, Ohio



## CHAPTER ONE

Introduction The Clean Air Act (CAA) requires areas fa iling to meet the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for the annual PM 2.5 

### to develop State Implementation Plans (SIP’s) to expeditiously attain and maintain the standard. The United States Environmental Pr otection Agency (U.S. EPA) revised the NAAQS for particulate matter in July 1997. It replaced the existing PM 10 

### standard with a health based PM 2.5 

### standard and retained the PM 10 

### standard as a “coarse” standard protecting welfare. The standards include an annual standard set at 15.0 micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m 3 

### ), based on the 3- year average of annual mean PM 2.5 

### concentrations and a 24- hour standard of 65 μg/m 3 

### , based on the 3-year average of the 98 th 

### percentile of 24-hour concentrations.

The revised NAAQS were legally challenged in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (The D.C. Cir cuit). On May 14, 1999, the D.C. Circuit remanded, without vacatur, the standard ba ck to U.S. EPA. The remand did not question the level at wh ich U.S. EPA set the st andards but rather the constitutionality of the CAA provision that authorizes U.S. EPA to set national air quality standards. U.S. EPA requested a rehear ing which the D.C. Circuit denied. Therefore, in December 1999, U.S. EPA appealed the D.C. Circuit decision to the U.S. Supreme Court. The U.S. Supreme Court issued a decision on February 27, 2001 that unanimously affirm ed the constitutionality of the CAA provision but did remand several other iss ues back to the D.C. Circuit, including the issue of whether U.S. EPA acted arbitrarily and capric iously in establishing the specific levels of the standards.

The D.C. Circuit heard arguments in this remanded case in December 2001, and issued its decision on March 26, 2002. The D. C. Circuit rejected the claims that the U.S. EPA had acted arbitr arily and capriciously in setting the levels of the standards.

On December 17, 2004, U.S. EPA promulgated the initial PM 2.5 

### nonattainment areas designations for the PM 2.5 

### standards across the country. Modifications to those designations were made and an effect ive date was set at April 5, 2005. Unlike Subpart 2 of the CAA Amendment s of 1990 which defined five ozone nonattainment classifications for the ar eas that exceed the NAAQS based on the2 

### severity of the ozone levels, PM 2.5 

### nonattainment designations are simply labeled “nonattainment.” The CAA Amendments require states with PM 2.5 

### nonattainment areas to submit a plan within three years of the effective date of the designations (April 5, 2008) detailing how the PM 2.5 

### standards will be attained by April 5, 2010. Ohio EPA subm itted its attainment demonstration for the entire State of Ohio on July 16, 2008.

Section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA allows st ates to request nonattainment areas to be redesignated to attainment provided cert ain criteria are met. The following are the criteria that must be met in or der for an area to be redesignated from nonattainment to attainment:

i) A determination that the area has attained the PM 2.5 

### standard. ii) An approved State Implementati on Plan (SIP) for the area under Section 110(k). iii) A determination that the improv ement in air quality is due to permanent and enforceable reductions in emissions resulting from implementation of the SIP and other federal requirements. iv) A fully approved maintenance plan under Section 175(A). v) A determination that all Secti on 110 and Part D requirements have been met.

This document addresses each of these requirements, and provides additional information to support continued compliance with the annual PM 2.5 

### standard.

Geographical Description and Background The current Cincinnati-Hamilton nonattainment area is located in southwest Ohio and includes the following counties: Butl er, Clermont, Hamilton, and Warren in Ohio; Dearborn (partial nonattainm ent of Lawrenceburg Township only ) in Indiana; and Boone, Campbell, and Kenton in Kentucky. This area is shown in Figure 1 under Chapter Three.

The Cincinnati-Hamilton area has not previously been subject to nonattainment area rulemakings for fine particles.

As a result of the 2005 PM 2.5 

### designations, U.S. EPA designated the CincinnatiHamilton area nonattainment for the 15.0 μg/m 3 

### annual standard 1 

### , and Ohio EPA was required to develop a plan to reduce oxides of nitrogen (NO x 

### ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 

### ) and direct PM 2.5 

### emissions and to demonstrate that the area will meet the federal annual air quality standard by April 5, 2010. Ohio’s main PM 2.5 

### components are primary particles (or ganic carbon, crustal material, and elemental carbon), SO2 and NO x 

### , which were included in the attainment demonstration analysis. Volatile or ganic compounds (VOCs) and ammonia (NH3) were not included in the analysis si nce they were not part of Ohio’s

1 There were no monitors in Ohio that violated the 1997 24-hour PM 2.5 standard of 65μg/m 3

.3 

### current attainment strategy for PM 2.5 

### (although controls for VOCs have been implemented for ozone nonattainment). This is consistent with U.S. EPA’s “Clean Air Particle Implementation Rule” [ 74FR 20856] (hereafter referred to as “Implementation Rule”). In the Implem entation Rule U.S. EPA presumes NH3 emissions are not a PM 2.5 

### attainment plan precurso r and that States are not required to address VOC unless the State or U.S. EPA makes technical demonstration that emissions of VOCs si gnificantly contribut e to nonattainment.

This document is intended to support Ohio’s request that the Ohio portions of the Cincinnati-Hamilton area be r edesignated from nonattainment to attainment for the annual PM 2.5 

### standard. In addition, the Stat es of Kentucky and Indiana also intend to submit requests for their respec tive portions of the Cincinnati-Hamilton

area.

Status of Air Quality PM 2.5 

### complete quality-assured ambient ai r quality monitoring data for the most recent three (3) years, 2007 through 2009, demonstrate that the air quality has met the NAAQS for annual PM 2.5 

### in this nonattainment area. The NAAQS attainment, accompanied by decreases in emission levels discussed in Chapter Four, supports a redesignation to atta inment for the Cincinnati-Hamilton area based on the requirements in Sect ion 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA.4 

## CHAPTER TWO

Requirements for Redesignation U.S. EPA has published detailed gui dance in a document entitled Procedures for Processing Requests to Redesignate Areas to Attainment (redesignation guidance), issued September 4, 1992, to Regional Air Directors. The redesignation request and maintenance pl an are based on the redesignation guidance, supplemented with additional guidanc e received from staff of U.S. EPA Region V.

Below is a summary of each redesignat ion criterion as it applies to the Cincinnati-Hamilton area.

i.) Attainment of the standard (CAA Section 107(d)(3)(E)(i)) There are two components involved in making this demonstration. The first component relies on ambi ent air quality data. The data that are used to demonstrate atta inment should be the product of ambient monitoring that is repr esentative of t he area of highest concentration. The data should be collected and quality-assured in accordance with 40 CFR 58 and re corded in the Air Quality System (AQS) in order for it to be avail able to the public for review.

The second component relies upon supplemental U.S. EPAapproved air quality modeling. While no modeling is required for redesignating nonattainment ar eas, the redesignation guidance states it is “generally necessary” for particulate matter redesignations. Appendix C and A ppendix D contains the most recent modeling results sho wing future attainment and maintenance are provided. C hapter Three discusses this requirement in more detail and provides the attainment demonstration.

ii.) Permanent and enforceable impr ovement in air quality (CAA Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iii)) The state must be able to reasonabl y attribute the improvement in air quality to emission reductions which are permanent and enforceable. The state should es timate the percent reduction achieved from federal m easures as well as control measures that have been adopted and implement ed by the state.

It was not necessary for Ohio to adopt or implement control measures for these counties beyond the federal measures.

Ohio EPA has adopted several rule s recently that will have an impact Statewide on PM 2.5 

### emissions in the future:5 

### • Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR)

• NOx SIP Call Rules

In addition, since the initial des ignations were made federally enforceable consent decrees hav e resulted in reductions in emissions from utilities across t he state, including this area.

Chapters Four and Five discuss this requirement in more detail.

iv.) Section 110 and Part D requirements (CAA Section 107(d)(3)(E)(v)) For purposes of redesignation, a st ate must meet all requirements of Section 110 and Part D that were applicable prior to submittal of the complete redesignation request.

Subpart 1 of Part D consists of general requirements applicable to all areas which are designated nonat tainment based on a violation of the NAAQS. Subpart 4 of Part D consists of more specific requirements applicable to particulate matter (specifically to address PM 10 

### ). However, for the pur pose of implementing the 1997 PM 2.5 

### standard, U.S. EPA’s Implem entation Rule stated Subpart 1, rather than Subpart 4, is appropriate for the purpose of implementing PM 2.5 

### .[72 FR 20589]

i.) Section 110(a) requirements Section 110(a) of Title I of the CAA contains the general requirements for a SIP. Secti on 110(a)(2) provides that the implementation plan submitt ed by a state must have been adopted by the state after reasonable public notice and hearing, and that, among other things, it must include enforceable emission limitat ions and other control measures, means or techniques necessary to meet the requirements of the CAA; pr ovide for establishment and operation of appropriate dev ices, methods, systems and procedures necessary to m onitor ambient air quality; provide for implementation of a source permit program to regulate the modification and cons truction of any stationary source within the areas cove red by the plan; include provisions for the implementati on of Part C, prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) and Part D, NSR permit programs; include criteria fo r stationary source emission control measures, monito ring, and reporting; include provisions for air quality mode ling; and provides for public and local agency participation in planning and emission control rule development. In Ohio’s December 5, 2007 and September 4, 2009 infrastructure SIP submissions, Ohio6 

### verified that the State fulfills the requirements of Section 110(a)(2) of the Act.

Section 110(a)(2)(D) also requi res State plans to prohibit emissions from within t he State which contribute significantly to nonattainment or maintenance areas in any other State, or which interf ere with programs under Part C to prevent significant deterio ration of air quality or to achieve reasonable progress towa rd the national visibility goal for Federal class I areas (national parks and wilderness areas). In order to assist States in addressing their obligations regarding r egionally transported pollution, U.S. EPA finalized CAIR to reduce SO 2 

### and NO x 

### emissions from large electric generating units (EGU). Ohio has met the requirements of the f ederal CAIR to reduce NO x 

### and SO 2 

### emissions contributing to downwind states. On February 1, 2008, U.S. EPA approved Ohio’s CAIR program, which can be found in Ohio Administrative Code (OAC) Chapter 3745-109 2 

### . On July 6, 2010, U.S. EPA proposed a replacement to the CAIR program, the Transport Rule. [75 FR 45210] Upon finalization, it will further assist States in addressing their obligations regarding regionally transport ed pollution by providing reductions in NO x 

### and SO 2 

### emissions in 2012 and 2014.

ii.) Section 172(c) requirements This Section contains general requirements for nonattainment plans. The r equirements for reasonable further progress, identificat ion of certain emissions increases, and other measur es needed for attainment will not apply for redesignations because they only have meaning for areas not atta ining the standard. The requirements for an emission in ventory will be satisfied by the inventory requirements of the maintenance plan. Chapters Four and Five discuss this requirement in more detail.

iii.) Conformity The state must work with U.S. EPA to show that its SIP provisions are consistent with the Section 176(c)(4) conformity requirements. The redesignation request should include conformity procedures, if the state already has these procedures in place. If a state does not have conformity procedures in place at the time that it submits a

2 http://www. epa.ohio.gov/dapc/regs /regs.aspx#3745-1097 

### redesignation request, the state must commit to follow U.S. EPA’s conformity regulation upon issuance, as applicable.

v.) Maintenance plans (CAA Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iv)) Section 107(d)(3)(E) stipulates that for an area to be redesignated, U.S. EPA must fully approve a ma intenance plan that meets the requirements of Section 175( A). The maintenance plan will constitute a SIP revision and must provide for maintenance of the relevant NAAQS in the area for at least 10 years after redesignation. Section 175 (A) furt her states that the plan shall contain such additional measures, if any, as may be necessary to ensure such maintenance.

In addition, the maintenance plan shall contain such contingency measures as the Administrator d eems necessary to ensure prompt correction of any violation of t he NAAQS. At a minimum, the contingency measures must include a requirement that the state will implement all meas ures contained in the nonattainment SIP prior to redesignation.

States seeking redesignation of a nonattainment area should consider the following provisions:

a.) attainment inventory; b.) maintenance demonstration; c.) monitoring network; d.) verification of continued attainment; and e.) contingency plan.

Chapter Six discusses this requirement in more detail.8 

## CHAPTER THREE

PM 2.5 

### MONITORING CAA Section 107(d)(3)(E)(i)

Requirement 1 of 4 A demonstration that the NAAQS for annual PM 2.5 

### , as published in 40 CFR 50.7, has been attained.

Background There are sixteen monitors measuring PM 2.5 

### concentrations in this nonattainment area. Twelve of t he sixteen monitors are located in Ohio 3 

### and are operated by Ohio EPA Division of Air Pollution Control, Southwest District Office and the Hamilton County Division of Environmental Services. A lis ting of the design values based on the three-year average of the annual mean concentrations from 2007 through 2009 is shown in Table 1. The locations of the monitoring sites for this nonattainm ent area are shown on Figure 1.

3 The four remaining PM 2.5 monitors are located in Kentucky.9 

### Demonstration

Figure 1 - Map of the Cincinnati-H amilton, OH-KY-IN nonattainment area and monitor locations

Requirement 2 of 4 Ambient monitoring data quality assur ed in accordance with 40 CFR 58.10, recorded in the U.S. EPA air quality syst em (AQS) database, and available for public view.

Demonstration The Ohio EPA has quality assured all data shown in Appendix A in accordance with 40 CFR 58.10 and all ot her federal requirements. Ohio EPA has recorded the data in the AQ S database and, ther efore, the data are available to the public.

Requirement 3 of 4 A showing that the three-year av erage of the annual mean values, based on data from all monitoring sites in the ar ea or its affected downwind environs, are below 15.0 μg/m 3 

### . (This showing must rely on three complete, consecutive calendar years of quality assured data.)10 

### Background The following information is tak en from U.S. EPA' s "Guideline on Data Handling Conventions for the PM NAAQS, " U.S. EPA-454/R99-008, April 1999.

In accordance with the CAA Amendment s, three complete years of monitoring data are required to demonstrate attainment at a monitoring site. The annual PM 2.5 

### primary and secondary ambient air quality standards are met at an ambi ent air quality monitoring site when the three-year average of t he annual average is less than 15.0 μg/m 3 

### . While calculating design values , three significant digits must be carried in the computations, with final values rounded to the nearest 0.1 μg/m 3 

### . Decimals 0.05 or gr eater are rounded up, and those less than 0.05 are rounded down, so that 15.049 μg/m 3 

### is the largest concentration that is less than, or equal to 15.0 μg/m 3



### . Values at or below 15.0 μg/m 3 

### meet the standard; values equal to or greater than 15.1 μg/m 3 

### exceed the standard. An area is in compliance with the annual PM 2.5 

### NAAQS only if every monitoring site in the area meets the NAAQS. An individual site's 3-year average of the annual average concent rations is also called the site's design value. The air qualit y design value for the area is the highest design value among all sites in the area.

Table 1 shows the monitoring data for 2007 – 2009 that were retrieved from the U. S. EPA AQS. The air quality design value for the area is the highest design value among all sites in the area.11 

### Demonstration

Table 1 - Monitoring Data for the Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN area for 2007 – 2009

Average
2007 2008 2009 2007-2009 39-017-0003 15.4 13.8 12.8 14.0 39-017-0016 14.9 13.8 13.1 13.9 39-017-1004 [a] 14.6
39-025-0022 Clermont, OH 14.0 11.7 11.0 12.2
39-061-0006 14.6 12.5 12.1 13.1 39-061-0014 16.6 15.1 13.4 15.0 39-061-0040 15.1 12.6 12.7 13.5 39-061-0042 15.9 14.4 13.7 14.7 39-061-0043 [b] 14.8 13.3 39-061-7001 15.1 13.7 13.0 13.9 39-061-8001 16.1 14.4 13.4 14.6
39-165-0007 Warren, OH 14.0 11.9 11.7 12.5 21-037-3002 [c] Campbell, KY 14.4 11.8 11.3 12.5
21-117-0007 Kenton, KY 14.2 12.0 11.0 12.4 Less than 75% capture in at least one quarte r [a] This site was terminated at the end of 2007. Based on data from available previous years,
the site incidcates attainment for the PM2.5 annual standard. 2004-2006 average: 14.6ug/m3; 2005-2007 average: 15.0 ug/m3 [b] This site was discontinued at the end of 2008. Based on data from available previous years, the site indicates attainment for the PM2.5 annual standard 2006-2008 average: 14.2ug/m3 [c] This site did not start operating until 8/1/2007. All available data indicates attainment of

the PM2.5 annual standard. Year Site County

Hamilton, OH

Butler, OH Annual Standard

Source: U.S. EPA Air Quality System (AQS); http:// www. epa.gov/ttn/airs/airsaqs/index.htm



### The design values calculated fo r the Cincinnati-Hamilton area demonstrates t hat the annual PM 2.5 

### NAAQS has been attained. The area's design values have trended downward as emissions have declined due to such factors as cleaner automobiles and fuels, and controls for EGUs, at the national, regional and local level.

National monitoring for PM 2.5 

### began in 1999. With respect to each of the Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium (LADCO) states, there has been a clear downward trend in design values:12 

### Figure 2 - PM 2.5 

### Annual Mean Trends LADCO States

Source: LADCO; Recent Ozone and PM2.5 Trends – Aug 26 2010.pptx



### The same trend can be seen within the Midwest States as a whole:

Figure 3 - PM 2.5 

### Annual Mean Trends Midwest States

Source: LADCO; Recent Ozone and PM25 Trends - Aug 26 2010.pptx13 

### Design values have also trended downward nationally:

Figure 4 - PM 2.5 

### Annual Mean National Trends

Source: http://www. epa.gov/airtrends/pm.html



### Requirement 4 of 4 A commitment that once redesignated, the state will cont inue to operate an appropriate monitoring network to verify the maintenance of the attainment status.

Demonstration Ohio EPA commits to continue monitoring PM 2.5 

### levels at the Ohio sites indicated in Figure 1 and T able 1. Ohio EPA will consult with U.S. EPA Region V prior to making changes to the existing monitoring network, should changes become necessary in the future. Ohio EPA will continue to qua lity assure the monitoring data to meet the requirements of 40 CFR 58 and all other federal requirements. Connection to a c entral station and updates to the Ohio EPA web site 4 

### will provide real time av ailability of the data and knowledge of any exceedances. Ohio EPA will enter all data into AQS on a timely basis in accordance with federal guidelines.

4 www. epa.ohio.gov/dapc14 

## CHAPTER FOUR

EMISSION INVENTORY CAA Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iii)

U.S. EPA’s redesignation guidance require s the submittal of a comprehensive inventory of PM 2.5 

### precursor emissions (primary par ticles (organic carbon, crustal matter, and elemental carbon), SO 2 

### and NO x 5 

### ) representative of the year when the area achieves attainment of the annual PM 2.5 

### air quality standard. Ohio also must demonstrate that the improvement in air qualit y between the year that violations occurred and the year that attainment was achieved is based on permanent and enforceable em ission reductions. Other emission inventory related requirements include a projection of the emission invent ory to a year at least 10 years following redesignation; a demonstration that t he projected level of emissions is sufficient to maintain the annual PM 2.5 

### standard; and a commitment to provide future updates of the inventory to enable tracking of emission levels during the 10-year maintenance period.

The emissions inventory development and emissions projection discussion below, with the exception of the mob ile (on-road) emi ssions inventory and projections, identifies procedures us ed by Ohio EPA and the LADCO regarding emissions from Ohio’s portion of the c ounties in the Cincinnat i-Hamilton area. Specific emissions data are provided for all counties, including those in Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana. Indiana and Kentucky emissions data were also obtained though the LADCO emissions inventory and pr ojections. All of these inventories and emissions projections were prepar ed using similar methodologies. Ohio recognizes that revisions to the emi ssions data below may be necessary once Kentucky and Indiana prepare a redesignat ion request and maintenance plan for their portion of the nonatta inment area. Mobile em issions inventories and projections for all counties were prepar ed by the Ohio, Kent ucky, Indiana Council of Governments (OKI).

Requirement 1 of 5 A comprehensive emission inventory of PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### and NO x 

### completed for the base year.

Background The point source data are tak en from Ohio's annual emissions reporting program. The 2005 periodi c inventory has been identified as one of the preferred databas es for SIP development and coincides with nonattainment air quality in the Cin cinnati-Hamilton

area.

5 VOC and NH 3 are not addressed.15 

### Periodic inventories, which incl ude emissions from all sectors - mobile, area, non-road, and point sources - are prepared every three years.

Demonstration The 2005 inventory is used as the bas e year for the purpose of this submittal and was submitted to U.S. EPA with Ohio’s PM 2.5 

### attainment demonstration SIP s ubmitted on July 18, 2008 and revised on June 7, 2010. The det ailed emission inventory information for the Ohio portion of the Cincinnati-Hamilton area is provided in Appendix B. Emissions of PM 2.5, 

### SO 2 

### and NO x 

### for 2005 are identified under Requirement Three of this Chapter.

Requirement 2 of 5 A projection of the emission inventory to a year at least 10 years following redesignation.

Background Ohio EPA prepared a comprehensive invent ory for the Ohio portion of the Cincinnati-Hamilton area including area, mobile, and point sources for PM 2.5 

### , S0 2 

### and NO x 

### for base year 2005. The 2005 inventory was submitted to U.S. EPA on July 18, 2008 as part of Ohio’s PM 2.5 

### attainment demonstration SIP for this area. T he information below describes the procedures Ohio EPA used to generat e the 2005 base year inventory and to develop SIP-ready modeling invent ories and future year projections (Pechan Report 6 

### ) based on a 2005 base year inventory. The report by Pechan generated future year estima tes of annual emissions for each source sector using accepted growth surrogates. These inventories were provided to the LADCO and have been proc essed to develop average daily emissions for use in the air quality analyses. These processed modeling inventories have been identified as the co rrect iteration of the inventory for use in the redesignation. In this document, references to LADCO include the Midwest Regional Planning Organiza tion. Note, the on-road mobile source sector was addr essed by specific PM 2.5 

### and NO x 

### modeling as discussed below.

• Area sources were taken from the Ohio 2005 periodic inventory submitted to U.S. EPA. These projections were made from the U.S. Departm ent of Commerce Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) growth factors, with some updated local information.

6 http://www.ladco.org/tech/emis/r5/r eports/LADCO%202005%20Base%20Yr%20Growth%20and%20Con trols%20Report_Final.pdf16 

### • Mobile source emissions we re calculated from MOVES2010 - produced emission factors. Only PM 2.5 

### and NO x 

### necessitate emissions inventory analysis. As documented in Ohio EPA’s attainment demonstration SIP, Ohio EPA in consultation with U.S. EPA determined mobile s ources are insignificant contributors for SO 2 

### . Consistent with Ohio EPA’s attainment demonstration, Ohio EPA conti nues to consider mobile source SO 2 

### to be an insignificant cont ributor to fine particles for this nonattainment area. Based on the demonstration below, SO 2 

### constitutes less than one percent (<1%) of the area’s total SO 2 

### emissions in 2005, 2008, 2015 and 2021 (ranging between 0.09% and 0.31%).

• Point source information was compiled from Ohio EPA’s 2005 annual emissions inv entory database and the 2005 U.S. EPA Air Markets acid rain database 7



### .

• Biogenic emissions are not included in these summaries.

• Non-road emissions were generated using U.S. EPA’s National Mobile Inventory M odel (NMIM) 2002 application. To address concerns about the accuracy of some of the categories in U.S. EPA’s non-r oad emissions model, LADCO contracted with two (2) compani es to review the base data and make recommendations. One of the contractors also estimated emissions for three (3) non-road categories not included in U.S. EPA’s non-r oad model. Emissions were estimated for aircraft, co mmercial marine vessels, and railroads. Recreational moto rboat population and spatial surrogates (used to assign emi ssions to each county) were significantly updated. The populat ions for the construction equipment category were re viewed and updated based upon surveys completed in the Midwest, and the temporal allocation for agricultural sources also was updated.

Demonstration

On-Road Emission Estimations In coordination with the Ohio D epartment of Transportation (Ohio DOT), OKI utilizes a regional tr avel demand forecast model to simulate traffic in the area and to forecast traffic flows for given growth expectations. The model has been validated to observed traffic volumes for the model base year 2005. The model is primarily used as a long range planning tool to evaluate the transportation system including determination of lo cations where additional travel capacity may be needed and to determine the infrastructure requirements necessary to meet that need. It is also used as a tool

7 http://www. epa.gov/airmarkets/acidrain17 

### for air quality purposes to estimate the total emissions of pollution caused by vehicles in the area. The travel demand forecasting model is used to predict traffi c volumes vehicle miles traveled (VMT), travel speeds, and a U.S. EPA computer program called MOVES is used to calculate emi ssions per mile. The product of these is the total amount of pollution emitted by the on-road vehicles for the area.

Overview U.S.EPA published a Federal Register notice 8 

### of availability on March 2, 2010, to approve MOVES 2010 (Motor Vehicle Emissions Simulator), hereafter referred to as MOVES. Upon publication of the Federal Register notice, MOVES became U.S. EPA’s approved motor vehicle emission factor model for estimating VOCs, NO x 

### , CO, PM 10 

### and PM 2.5 

### and other pollutants and pr ecursors from cars, trucks, motorcycles, and buses by state and local agencies. MOVES is a computer program designed by the U.S. EPA to estimate air pollution emissions from mobile sources. MOVES replaces U.S. EPA’s previous emissions model for on-road mobile sources, MOBILE6.2. MOVES can be used to estimate exhaust and evaporative emissions as well as brake and tire wear emissions from all types of on-road vehicles.

The CAA requires U.S. EPA to regul arly update its mobile source emission models. U.S. EPA c ontinuously collects data and measures vehicle emissions to ma ke sure the Agency has the best possible understanding of mobile source emissions. This assessment, in turn, informs the development of U.S. EPA’s mobile source emission models. MOVES r epresents the Agency’s most upto-date assessment of on-road m obile source emissions. MOVES also incorporates several changes to the U.S. EPA’s approach to mobile source emission mode ling based upon recommendations made to the Agency by the National Academy of Sciences.

U.S.EPA believes that MOVES shoul d be used in ozone, CO, PM, and nitrogen dioxide SIP development as expeditiously as possible. The CAA requires that SIP invent ories and control measures be based on the most current info rmation and applicable models that are available when a SIP is developed.

Regarding transportation conformity , U.S. EPA and U.S. DOT intend to establish a two-year grace period before MOVES is required for new transportation conformity analyses.

8 http://www.r egulations.gov/search/Regs/hom e.html#document Detail?R=0900006480ab1f9818 

### The MOVES more detailed appr oach (when compared with the previous MOBILE model) to mode ling allows U.S. EPA to easily incorporate large amount s of in-use data from a wide variety of sources, such as data from v ehicle inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs, remote sensing dev ice (RSD) testing, certification testing, portable emission measur ement systems (PEM S), etc. This approach also allows users to incorpor ate a variety of activity data to better estimate emission differences such as those resulting from changes to vehicle speed and acce leration patterns. MOVES has a graphical user interface which allows users to more easily set up and run the model. MOVES database- centered design provides users much greater flexibility regar ding output choices. Unlike earlier models which provided emission fact ors in grams-per-mile in fixed output formats, MOVES output can be expressed as total mass (in tons, pounds, kilograms, or grams) or as emission factors (gramsper-mile and in some cases gram s-per-vehicle). Output can be easily aggregated or disaggregated to examine emissions in a range of scales, from national emissions impacts down to the emissions impacts of individual transportati on projects. The database-centered design also allows U.S. EPA to update emissions data incorporated in MOVES more easily and will allow users to incorporate a much wider array of activity data to improve estimation of local emissions. For example, the improvements in MOVES will allow project-level PM2.5 emissions to be estimated.

OKI’s utilized U.S.EPA’s emissi ons model MOVES to develop emissions factors for SO 2 

### , NO x 

### and PM 2.5 

### . Further details on the use of MOVES are found on Appendix C. Transportation system performance was estimated using the OKI Travel Demand Model Version 7.6. The model uses demographic and land use data and capacity and free-flow speed char acteristics for each roadway segment in the network to produc e a “loaded” highway network with forecasted traffic volumes with revised speeds based on specified speed/capacity relationships.

Travel analysis zones are the bas ic geographic unit for estimating travel in the OKI model. The OK I region is subdivided into 1608 traffic analysis zones to permit detail as well as manageability. A variety of socioeconomic data items are used in the OKI transportation planning process. T hese data are used primarily to forecast future travel patterns by serving as independent variables in OKI trip generation equations. The following categories of planning data are utilized:

- Population. - Households.19 

### - Household vehicles. - Employment. - Labor force participation. - Area type.

The principal data requirement s of the OKI travel demand forecasting model are populati on and employment, from these variables other characteristics in cluding household, labor force, and personal vehicles may be derived (OKI 2030 Regional Transportation Plan 2008 Update provides a complete demographic overview of the region).

OKI utilizes both base year (2005) and future year data (2010, 2020 and 2030) in the planning process. Planning data are maintained at the Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ) le vel, and originate in the 2000 Census of Population and Housing. Base year 2005 and future yare data for each variable are developed through various methods.

OKI’s Travel Demand Model has been validated to observed traffic volumes for the model base y ear 2005. The modeling network encompasses the entire PM 2.5 

### nonattainment area. The modeling network also includes Greene, Mi ami and Montgomery counties in Ohio and the remainder of D earborn County, Indiana. The differences between estimated v ehicle miles traveled (VMT) and 2005 observed VMT is less than 1% . A highway screenline analysis compares the screenline observed and simulated traffic volume discrepancies with the Ohio Departm ent of Transportation (ODOT) standard of maximum desirable devia tion. The comparison shows that the model performs at a sati sfactory level and all the errors were under the ODOT curve (O KI’s 2007 report, “OKI/MVRPC Travel Demand Model Methodology/V alidation Report”). For the calibration, OKI used over 3000 tr affic counts collected through 2006 by the ODOT, the Kentucky Trans portation Cabinet, many county and local governments, transportati on engineering consultants, and OKI. These traffic counts cover near ly 50% of the links in the OKI portion of the modeling network . The methodology provides consistency with past emission inventory and conformity analysis work performed by OKI.

OKI incorporates a variety of sour ces of local data to both improve and confirm the accuracy of VMT, as well as other travel-related parameters. Free flow speeds used on the highway and transit networks are based on travel time studies performed locally. An OKI post-processing program uses the loaded highway network to generate VMT by hour, VMT by s peed distribution, and VMT by facility type. These tables are then included as input into MOVES.20 

### The VMT by hour tables utilize hourly traffic distribution and directional split factors for differ ent roadway types as developed by OKI. The main source of the data was the permanent traffic counting stations located throughout the OKI region for the years of 1998- 2002. These data were suppl emented with data collected at coverage count stations (locat ions with counts taken on only onetwo days). The stations were classified by area type (urban and rural) and functional classification (freeway, arterial and collector). Speeds representing various “l oaded” conditions (with traffic volumes) are estimated using techniques from the 1997 Highway Capacity Manual. This permits the estimation of speeds as conditions vary from hour to hour on the different facility types throughout the region. The post- processing program performs the appropriate summation by area and roadway type as well as regional totals. OKI has also developed seasonal conversion factors to adjust traffic volumes to summe r conditions. The factors were derived from local data collected at permanent traffic counting stations during 1994-1997 utilizing the average daily traffic monthly conversion factors for June, July and August.

On-Road Mobile Emission Estimations Tables 2 through 12 contain the result s of the emissions analysis for the appropriate years. All emissions estimati ons are expressed in tons per year (tpy).

Table 2 - Butler County, Ohio Emissions Estimations for On-Road Mobile Sources
2005 2008 2015 2021 PM 2.5 (tpy) 413.970 377.640 301.16 215.76 NO x (tpy) 10,910.37 9,803.70 6,064.61 3,757.91 SO 2 (tpy) 30.01 34.25 34.28 37.90 Annual VMT 2,469,168,490 2,598,061,793 2,792,190,918 2,966,040,396



### Table 3 – Clermont County, Ohio Emissions Estimations for On-Road Mobile Sources
2005 2008 2015 2021

PM 2.5 (tpy) 281.790 256.600 204.32 145.39 NO x (tpy) 7,295.87 6,516.40 3,993.63 2,449.31 SO 2 (tpy) 20.51 23.32 23.34 25.66 Annual VMT 1,684,261,582 1,765,146,867 1,899,319,930 2,005,373,96121 

### Table 4 – Hamilton County, Ohio Em issions Estimations for On-Road Mobile Sources
2005 2008 2015 2021

PM 2.5 (tpy) 1,222.020 1,080.540 826.00 571.48 NO x (tpy) 31,127.09 27,020.93 15,925.19 9,530.16 SO 2 (tpy) 88.85 98.30 94.43 100.82 Annual VMT 7,241,536,812 7,421,012,594 7,630,239,650 7,811,745,310



### Table 5 – Warren County, Ohio Em issions Estimations for On-Road Mobile Sources
2005 2008 2015 2021

PM 2.5 (tpy) 320.740 289.560 242.05 177.61 NO x (tpy) 8,224.57 7,267.18 4,598.44 2,875.72 SO 2 (tpy) 23.54 26.57 27.77 31.58 Annual VMT 1,949,619,088 2,031,755,542 2,285,057,933 2,498,434,852



### Table 6 – Dearborn County, Ohio Em issions Estimations for On-Road Mobile Sources
2005 2008 2015 2021

PM 2.5 (tpy) 33.980 29.890 25.14 18.11 NO x (tpy) 865.46 748.81 482.33 297.95 SO 2 (tpy) 2.45 2.69 2.87 3.19 Annual VMT 196,738,031 199,778,078 223,644,622 240,321,759



### Table 7 – Summary of Ohio and I ndiana Emissions Estimations for On-Road Mobile Sources
2005 2008 2015 2021

PM 2.5 (tpy) 2,272.50 2,034.23 1,598.67 1,128.35 NO x (tpy) 58,423.36 51,357.02 31,064.20 18,911.05 SO 2 (tpy) 165.36 185.13 182.69 199.15 Annual VMT 13,541,324,003 14,015,754,874 14,830,453,053 15,521,916,278



### Table 8 – Boone County, Kentucky Emissions Estimations for OnRoad Mobile Sources
2005 2008 2015 2021

PM 2.5 (tpy) 205.210 251.850 151.35 114.05 NO x (tpy) 5,126.88 5,067.94 2,788.45 1,772.72 SO 2 (tpy) 15.91 16.71 20.67 24.37 Annual VMT 1,273,226,967 1,350,001,539 1,628,041,282 1,800,571,684



### Table 9 – Campbell County, Kentucky Emissions Estimations for OnRoad Mobile Sources
2005 2008 2015 2021

PM 2.5 (tpy) 120.300 146.460 82.36 60.09 NO x (tpy) 3,041.21 2,988.33 1,570.14 985.28 SO 2 (tpy) 9.30 9.69 11.21 12.77 Annual VMT 741,790,595 774,762,718 875,774,487 936,445,35222 

### Table 10 – Kenton County, Kentucky Emissions Estimations for OnRoad Mobile Sources
2005 2008 2015 2021

PM 2.5 (tpy) 212.290 29.890 137.40 101.24 NO x (tpy) 5,328.44 5,057.93 2,637.63 1,677.96 SO 2 (tpy) 16.24 16.34 18.62 21.48 Annual VMT 1,274,091,641 1,300,575,248 1,427,569,972 1,549,817,325



### Table 11 – Summary of Kentucky Em issions Estimations for On-Road Mobile Sources
2005 2008 2015 2021

PM 2.5 (tpy) 537.8 645.62 371.11 275.38 NO x (tpy) 13,496.53 13,114.20 6,996.22 6,421.15 SO 2 (tpy) 41.45 42.74 50.50 72.15 Annual VMT 3,289,109,203.00 3,425,339,505.00 3,931,385,741.00 5,452,303,073.00



### Table 12 – Emissions Estimations Totals for On-Road Mobile Sources for the Cincinnati-Hamilton Area
2005 2008 2015 2021

PM 2.5 (tpy) 2,810.30 2,679.85 1,969.78 1,403.73 NO x (tpy) 71,919.89 64,471.22 38,060.42 25,332.20 SO 2 (tpy) 206.81 227.87 233.19 271.30 Annual VMT 16,830,433,206.00 17,441,094,379.00 18,761,838,794.00 20,974,219,351.00



### Motor Vehicle Emission Budget

Table 13 and Table 14 contain the motor vehicle emissions budgets for the Cincinnati-Ham ilton area. For planning purposes, budgets are established for the combined Ohio and Indiana portions and for the separate Kentucky portion.

Table 13 - Mobile Vehicle Emissions Budget for Ohio and Indiana
2015 Estimated Emissions 2015 Mobile Safety Margin

Allocation* 2015 Total Mobile Budget 2021 Estimated Emissions 2021 Mobile Safety Margin

Allocation* 2021 Total Mobile Budget PM2.5 (tpy) 1598.67 79.93 1678.60 1128.35 112.84 1241.19 NOx (tpy) 31,064.20 4659.63 35,723.83 18,911.05 2836.65 21,747.71 Annual VMT 14,830,453,053 - - 15,521,916,278 - - *The 5 to15 percent margin of safety was calculated by taki ng 5 to15 percent of the mobile source emission estimates



### Table 14 - Mobile Vehicle Emissions Budget for Kentucky

2015 Estimated Emissions 2015 Mobile Safety Margin

Allocation* 2015 Total Mobile Budget 2021 Estimated Emissions 2021 Mobile Safety Margin

Allocation* 2021 Total Mobile Budget PM2.5 (tpy) 371.11 18.56 389.67 275.38 27.54 302.92 NOx (tpy) 6,996.22 1049.43 8,045.65 6,421.15 963.17 7,384.32 Annual VMT 3,931,385,741 5,452,303,073 *The 5 to15 percent margin of safety was calculated by taki ng 5 to15 percent of the mobile source emission estimates23 

### The above budgets for the Ohio and Indiana portion and for the Kentucky portion of the area, agreed upon as part of the interagency consultation process, include the emission estimates calculated for 2015 and 2021 (from Table 7 and Table 11) with an additional 5 percent margin of safety allocated for PM 2.5 

### in 2015, 10 percent margin of safety allocated to PM 2.5 

### in 2021 and 15 percent margin of safety allocated to NO x 

### in 2015 and 2021.

In an effort to accommodate future variations in travel demand models and VMT forecast when no change to the network is planned, Ohio EPA consulted with U.S. EPA to determine a reasonable approach to address this variation. Based on this discussion, a 5 to15 percent margin of safety allocation was agreed upon and has been added to the emissions estimates for the Ohio and Indiana portions of this nonattainment area.

All methodologies, the latest pl anning assumptions, and the safety margins allocations were determined through the interagency consultation process described in the Transportation Conformity Memorandum of Understanding (MO U) among OKI, Ohio DOT, and Ohio EPA.

A 5 to15 percent margin of safety is appropriate becaus e: 1) there is an acknowledged potential variation in VMT forecast and potential estimated mobile source emissions due to expected modifications to TDM and mobile emissions models; and 2) the total decrease in emissions from all sources is su fficient to accommodate this 5 to15 percent allocation of safety ma rgin (as defined in 40 CFR93.101 9 

### ) to mobile sources while still continuing to maintain the total emissions in the Cincinnati-Hamilton area well below the 2008 attainment level of emissions.

The 5 to 15 percent margin of safe ty was calculated by taking 5 to 15 percent of the mobile source em ission estimates. Safety margin, as defined by the conformity rule, looks at the total emissions from all sources in the nonattainment area. The actual allocation is less than 5 to 15 percent of the total emission reduction from all sources as can be seen from Table 44.

In summary, for all three states combined, the mobile budget safety margin allocation translates in to an additional 98.49 tpy for PM 2.5 

### and 5,709.06 tpy for NO x 

### for 2015 and an additional 140.38 tpy for PM 2.5 

### and 3,799.82 tpy for NO x 

### for 2021.

9 "Safety margin" means t he amount by which the total projected em issions from all sources of a given pollutant are less than the total em issions that would satisfy the applicable requirement for reasonable further progress, attainment, or maintenance.24 

### When compared to the overall safety margin, as defined in 40 CFR 93.101, discussed under “Requirement 3 of 5” below, it is evident this allocation is significantly below the total safety margin for this

area.

The current PM 2.5 

### and NO x 

### mobile budgets for the fine particle NAAQS will no longer be applicable either after the effective date of the approved redesignation or after the effective date of any U.S. EPA action approving a finding that the PM 2.5 

### and NO x 

### conformity budgets included in this submitta l are adequate for transportation conformity purposes, whichever date comes first.

Finally, it is important to underline that all motor vehicle emission budgets in this Redesignation submittal, which are based on MOVES2010, will replace previous motor vehicle emission budgets on Attainment Demonstration s ubmittals based on MOBILE6.2.

Requirement 3 of 5 A demonstration that the projec ted level of emissions is sufficient to maintain the PM 2.5 

### standard.

Background In consultation with U.S. EPA, Oh io EPA selected the year 2021 as the maintenance year for this redesignation request. This document contains projected emissions inventories for 2015 and 2021.

Emission projections for the Cincinnati-Hamilton area were performed using the following approaches:

• As performed by OKI, mobile s ource emission projections are based on the U.S. EPA MOVES model. The analysis is described in more detail in A ppendix C. All projections were made in accordance with “Proc edures for Preparing Emissions Projections” U.S. EPA-45/4-91-019.

• Emissions inventories are requi red to be projected to future dates to assess the influence growth and future controls will have. LADCO has developed growth and control files for point, area, and non-road categor ies. These files were used to develop the future-year emissions estima tes used in this document. This was done so the inventories used for redesignation are consistent with modeling perfo rmed in the future. Appendix D25 

### contains LADCO’s technical support document detailing the analysis used to project emissions (Base M 10 

### ).

• For the Ohio portion of the Cincinnati-Hamilton area, for the 2008 attainment year, emissions we re grown from the 2005 LADCO modeling inventory, using LADCO ’s growth factors, for all sectors except point sources (electrical generating units and non-electrical generating units). Point source emissions for 2008 were compiled from Ohio EPA’s 2008 annual emissions inventory database. The 2015 in terim year emissions were estimated based on the 2009 and 2018 LADCO modeling inventory, using LADCO’s growth fa ctors, for all sectors. The 2021 maintenance year is based on emissions estimates from the 2018 LADCO modeling.

The detailed inventory information for the Ohio portion of the Cincinnati-Hamilton area for 2005 is in Appendix B. Emission trends are an important gauge for cont inued compliance with the PM 2.5 

### standard. Therefore, Ohio EPA per formed an initial comparison of the inventories for the base year and maintenance years. Mobile source emission inventories are described in Section 5 of Appendix B.

Sectors included in the following tabl es are: Electrical Generating Unit (EGU-Point); Non-Electrical Generating Unit (Non-EGU); Nonroad Mobile (Non-road); Other Ar ea (Other); Marine; Aircraft; Rail (MAR); and On-road Mobile (On-road).

Ohio EPA is identifying emissions projections for 2015 and 2021 for EGUs with implementation of t he CAIR program. U.S. EPA has raised concerns regarding the CAIR program and its remand. However, as discussed below, wit h the proposed CAIR replacement, the Transport Rule, Ohio EPA be lieves these are the most appropriate and accurate future projections.

On March 10, 2004, the U.S. EPA promulgated the CAIR. Beginning in 2009, U.S. EPA’s CAIR rule requires EGUs in 28 eastern states and the District of Columbia to significantly reduce emissions of NO x 

### and SO 2 

### . CAIR replaced t he NOx SIP Call for EGUs. The intent of the CAIR program is for national NO x 

### emissions to be cut from 4.5 million tons in 2004, to a cap of 1.5 million tons by 2009, and 1.3 million tons in 2018 in 28 states. States were required to submit a CAIR SIP as part of this effort. Ohio submitted a CAIR SIP which was approved by U. S. EPA on February 1, 2007.

10 http://www.ladco.org/tech/emis/current/i ndex.php26 

### Revisions to the CAIR SIP were again submitted on July 15, 2009. The revised CAIR SIP was approv ed as a direct final action on September 25, 2009 (74 FR 48857). As a result of CAIR, U.S. EPA projects that in 2009 emissions of NO x 

### will decrease from a baseline of 264,000 tons per year to 93,000 tons per year while in 2010 emissions of SO 2 

### will decrease from a bas eline of 1,373,000 tons per year to 298,000 tons per year, within Ohio. And by 2015 U.S. EPA projects emissions of NO x 

### will decrease to 83,000 tons per year while emissions of SO 2 

### will decrease to 208,000 tons per year, within Ohio 11



### .
On December 23, 2008, U.S. EPA’s CAIR program was remanded without vacatur by the D.C. Circuit Court. As mentioned above, Ohio EPA has not incorporated these expected CAIR reductions into this redesignation request. It should al so be noted that Ohio’s SIPapproved NOx SIP Call progr am and regulations are still in place. Ohio EPA is currently in the proce ss of revising these regulations to provide a “back stop” for the re instatement of the NOx SIP Call program in the event the CAIR program, or an equivalent, is no longer implemented by U.S. EPA.

As can be seen in Table 15 below , Ohio has seen a significant decline in the 264,000 tons of NO x 

### and 1,373,000 tons of SO 2 

### emitted in 2005. In 2008 and 2009 fa cilities began preparing for and implementing control pr ograms to address CAIR 12 

### and consent decrees.

Table 15 - Reductions in SO 2 

### and NO x 

### EGU Emissions Between 2008 and 2009
SO 2 NO x 2008 2009 Change 2008 2009 Change Ohio 709,444 601,101 15% 235,018 96,351 59% LADCO States 2,019,036 1,620,071 20% 702,384 393,930 44% National 7,616,262 5,747,353 25% 2,996,287 1,990,385 34% Source: Clean Air Markets Quarterly Emissions Tracking 13



### Significant reductions also occurr ed regionally and nationally as can be seen from the above. Data is also available for the first two quarters of 2010, the year SO 2 

### reductions are to be implemented under CAIR:

11 http://www. epa.gov/CAIR/oh.html 12 Under CAIR, NOx reductions are to occur begi nning in 2009 while SO2 reductions are to occur beginning in 2010. 13 http://www. epa.gov/airmarkets/quarterlytracking.html27 

### Table 16 – Reductions in SO 2 

### and NO x 

### EGU Emissions Between the First Half of 2008 and 2010
SO 2 NO x 2008 (1 st half) 2010 (1 st half) Change 2008 (1 st half) 2010 (1 st half) Change

Ohio 373,798 279,854 25% 130,598 53,187 59% LADCO States 1,190,497 854,282 28% 419,114 220,907 47% National 3,895,472 2,502,965 36% 1,487,179 930,148 37% Source: Clean Air Markets Quarterly Emissions Tracking 14



### The following was reported by U. S. EPA’s Clean Markets Division:

“Based on emissions monitoring dat a, EPA has observed substantial reductions in SO 2 

### emissions from 2005 to 2009 and in the first two quarters of 2010 as companies inst alled more controls, electric demand declined, and low natural gas prices made combined-cycle gas-fired units more competitive in several parts of the country. Thus, even after CAIR's vacatu r and subsequent remand in late 2008, the controls in place gener ally have continued to operate, helping to drive continued progress in reducing emissions. 15 

### ”

On July 6, 2010, U. S. EPA proposed a replacement to the CAIR program, the Transport Rule. [75 FR 45210] U.S. EPA intends to finalize the Transport Rule in time for reductions to begin in 2012. As proposed, the Transport Rule will preserve those initial reductions achieved under CAIR and provide more reductions in NO x 

### and SO 2 

### emissions in 2012 and 2014, ahead of the 2015 CAIR Phase 2.

Ohio EPA is in agreement with t he analysis by U.S.EPA that the CAIR program is providing real reduc tions at this time, Ohio believes these reductions have assisted with PM 2.5 

### attainment in this nonattainment area and throughout Ohio. It is also Ohio EPA’s belief that the Transport Rule, when finalized, will continue to provide the necessary reduc tions, and likely even greater reductions, that will be necessary for maintenance of the annual PM 2.5 

### standard to occur. As stat ed by U.S. EPA regarding the proposed Transport Rule, “the result s of the air quality modeling indicate that all but one site 16 

### is projected to be in attainment and only one site 17 

### is projected to have a maintenance problem for annual PM2.5 in 2014 with the emissi ons reductions expected from this proposal.” [75 FR 45345] Therefor e, it is Ohio EPA’s belief it is most appropriate to evaluate Oh io EPA’s demonstrat ion that the

14 http://www. epa.gov/airmarkets/quarterlytracking.html 15 http://www. epa.gov/airmarkets/background.htm 16 Allegheny, PA 17 Birmingham, AL28 

### projected level of emissions is su fficient to maintain the annual PM 2.5 

### standard by assessing future year em issions that include the CAIR program.

Maintenance is demonstrated when the future-year (2021) projected emission totals are below the 2008 attainment year totals.

The Ohio emissions data in t he tables below are based on the following data sources: - All On-Road data source: OKI Transportation Modeling Department. - 2008 EGU and non-EGU: Ohio EPA’s 2008 annual emissions inventory database. - All other data source: Lake Mich igan Air Directors Consortium (LADCO).

Demonstration

PM 2.5



### The 2005 and 2008 actual PM 2.5 

### emissions data below generally contains particulate fraction emissions only and not the condensable fractions as Ohio EPA did not have a consistent r eporting requirement at those years. U.S. EPA Integrated Planning Model (IP M) modeling was used to generate future year EGU emissions with t he CAIR program. The IPM modeling added additional PM 2.5 

### condensable emissions into future years. Therefore, comparing base and attainment year emissions with the future year predictions is not accurate in the IP M CAIR modeling. This step leads to a false perception of significant PM 2.5 

### emissions growth. Modeling performed by LADCO, without CAIR, did not incorporate added condensable fraction emissions. Although Ohio EPA has stated that it is most appropriate to evaluate future year emissions that include the CAIR program, because of this flaw it will be more accurate and appropriate for the purposes of PM 2.5 

### to evaluate future year emissions without the CAIR program.

Table 17 - Butler County 18 

### , Ohio PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR

18 Ohio EPA has revised the Butler County, Ohio PM2. 5, NOx and SO2 Emissions Inventory (non-EGU) to incorporate the total emissions reduc tion credits available and used to o ffset the allowed emissions of a29 Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 15.27 16.78 15.86 15.59 1.19 Non-EGU 944.29 1045.15 1254.70 1337.03 -291.88 Non-road 185.28 158.41 109.75 66.98 91.43

Other 173.24 180.43 180.86 182.45 -2.02 MAR 31.19 27.40 16.01 6.43 20.97 On-road 413.97 377.64 301.16 215.76 161.88 TOTAL 1763.24 1805.81 1878.34 1824.24 -18.43



### Table 18 - Clermont County, Ohio PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 648.21 532.61 651.88 711.22 -178.61 Non-EGU 7.93 3.86 6.42 7.33 -3.47 Non-road 104.54 89.84 62.51 38.56 51.28

Other 193.70 196.15 193.49 191.83 4.32 MAR 6.11 5.64 3.54 1.81 3.83 On-road 281.79 256.60 204.32 145.39 111.21 TOTAL 1242.28 1084.70 1122.16 1096.14 -11.44



### Table 19 - Hamilton County, Ohio PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 648.64 202.88 554.65 708.74 -505.86 Non-EGU 161.88 158.14 171.28 179.45 -21.31 Non-road 355.97 307.30 218.86 141.16 166.14

Other 303.61 323.94 330.03 338.37 -14.43 MAR 42.04 37.82 23.54 11.64 26.18 On-road 1222.02 1080.54 826.00 571.48 509.06 TOTAL 2734.16 2110.62 2124.36 1950.84 159.78



### Table 20 - Warren County, Ohio PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR

major source modified within the maintenance area t hat will begin operating duri ng the maintenance period. The total emissions included in the inventory, and in all the Butler County tables below for this facility in 2015 and 2021, are 117.81 tpy PM2.5, 479.57 tpy NOx and 1209.92 tpy SO2. The emissions increase does not significantly impact the safety margin for this ar ea or prevent the area from maintaining the standard in future years.30 Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Non-EGU 18.75 19.91 19.01 18.60 1.31 Non-road 143.72 122.20 79.69 42.68 79.52

Other 236.92 238.33 233.88 230.65 7.68 MAR 2.95 2.58 1.53 0.64 1.94 On-road 320.74 289.56 242.05 177.61 111.95 TOTAL 723.08 672.58 576.16 470.18 202.40



### Table 21 - Dearborn County, Indiana PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estima ted 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 673.94 804.18 847.16 922.81 -118.63 Non-EGU 67.38 62.02 60.00 57.32 4.70 Non-road 23.96 19.91 13.34 9.07 10.84

Other 4.29 4.29 4.11 3.98 0.31 MAR On-road 33.98 29.89 25.14 18.11 11.78 TOTAL 803.55 920.29 949.75 1011.29 -91.00 *MAR emissions are included in Non-road emissions



### Table 22 - Boone County, Kentucky PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estima ted 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment

19 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin

EGU Point 76.85 76.70 80.70 83.42 -6.72 Non-EGU 58.77 68.81 84.35 98.94 -30.13 Non-road 89.15 82.90 62.42 45.30 37.60

Other 351.27 353.71 359.57 364.58 -10.87 MAR 215.61 227.62 206.01 191.23 36.39 On-road 205.21 251.85 151.35 114.05 137.80 TOTAL 996.86 1061.59 944.40 897.52 164.07



### Table 23 - Campbell County, Kentucky PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimate d 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin

19 Kentucky 2008 data is grown fr om the 2005 LADCO modeling invent ory, using LADCO’s growth factors, for all sectors, including EGUs.31 EGU Point 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Non-EGU 84.26 89.52 101.84 112.39 -22.87 Non-road 25.29 22.35 16.18 10.84 11.51

Other 200.08 201.26 200.05 199.32 1.94 MAR 55.66 53.74 41.25 31.15 22.59 On-road 120.30 146.46 82.36 60.09 86.37 TOTAL 485.59 513.33 441.68 413.79 99.54



### Table 24 - Kenton County, Kentucky PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estima ted 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Non-EGU 9.53 11.11 13.50 15.76 -4.65 Non-road 56.44 50.98 38.18 27.22 23.76

Other 365.74 366.69 363.77 361.65 5.04 MAR 62.64 59.63 44.85 32.76 26.87 On-road 212.29 247.31 137.40 101.24 146.07 TOTAL 706.64 735.72 597.70 538.63 197.09



### Table 25 – Cincinnati-Hamilton Area PM 2.5 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estima ted 2008, and projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – Without CAIR

PM 2.5 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin

Butler 1763.24 1805.81 1878.34 1824.24 -18.43 Clermont 1242.28 1084.70 1122.16 1096.14 -11.44 Hamilton 2734.16 2110.62 2124.36 1950.84 159.78 Warren 723.08 672.58 576.16 470.18 202.40 Dearborn 803.55 920.29 949.75 1011.29 -91.00

Boone 996.86 1061.59 944.40 897.52 164.07 Campbell 485.59 513.33 441.68 413.79 99.54

Kenton 706.64 735.72 597.70 538.63 197.09 COMBINED PM 2.5 TOTAL 9455.40 8904.64 8634.55 8202.63 702.01



### NO x32 

### Table 26 - Butler County, Ohio NO x 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenanc

e Safety Margin

EGU Point 743.27 856.92 343.95 124.10 732.82 Non-EGU 4367.15 3940.28 4626.45 4686.11 -745.83 Non-road 2348.42 1986.81 1228.83 572.69 1414.12

Other 796.34 807.64 811.94 817.28 -9.64 MAR 919.91 847.08 545.76 297.37 549.71 On-road 10910.37 9803.70 6064.61 3757.91 6045.79 TOTAL 20085.46 18242.43 13621.54 10255.46 7986.97



### Table 27 - Clermont County, Ohio NO x 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenanc

e Safety Margin

EGU Point 28063.56 24233.18 16491.26 10451.28 13781.90 Non-EGU 67.50 42.71 60.83 68.68 -25.97 Non-road 1218.23 1039.67 655.01 322.89 716.78

Other 612.97 619.27 620.94 623.36 -4.09 MAR 259.07 245.25 159.04 89.20 156.05 On-road 7295.87 6516.40 3993.63 2449.31 4067.09 TOTAL 37517.20 32696.48 21980.71 14004.72 18691.76



### Table 28 - Hamilton County, Ohio NO x 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenanc

e Safety Margin

EGU Point 15236.04 12372.00 7236.90 5036.15 7335.85 Non-EGU 2756.21 2652.79 2943.73 3139.37 -486.58 Non-road 4845.98 4029.63 2464.90 1098.14 2931.49

Other 1923.27 1955.47 1974.77 1995.51 -40.04 MAR 1463.80 1372.41 909.89 532.19 840.22 On-road 31127.09 27020.93 15925.19 9530.16 17490.77 TOTAL 57352.39 49403.23 31455.38 21331.52 28071.7133 

### Table 29 - Warren County, Ohio NO x 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Non-EGU 1024.95 1043.27 1035.29 1034.26 9.01 Non-road 1789.97 1517.53 919.21 403.56 1113.97

Other 426.57 432.28 434.26 436.82 -4.54 MAR 96.07 89.92 60.22 35.92 54.00 On-road 8224.57 7267.18 4598.44 2875.72 4391.46 TOTAL 11562.13 10350.18 7047.42 4786.28 5563.90



### Table 30 - Dearborn County, Indiana NO x 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimate d 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 7961.30 7429.20 9862.76 11229.31 -3800.11 Non-EGU 2024.68 1979.83 1965.19 1943.22 36.61 Non-road 382.53 318.09 219.83 154.18 163.91

Other 141.37 145.42 143.39 142.90 2.52 MAR* On-road 865.46 748.81 482.33 297.95 450.86 TOTAL 11375.34 10621.35 12673.50 13767.56 -3146.21 *MAR emissions are included in Non-road emissions



### Table 31 - Boone County, Kentucky NO x 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 3926.27 1962.59 1504.39 1308.03 654.56 Non-EGU 58.03 61.66 66.48 71.21 -9.55 Non-road 931.11 845.72 582.34 361.41 484.31

Other 1844.50 1897.28 1985.25 2063.30 -166.02 MAR 2927.85 2926.70 2310.38 1828.25 1098.45 On-road 5126.88 5067.94 2788.45 1772.72 3295.22 TOTAL 14814.64 12761.89 9237.29 7404.92 5356.97



### Table 32 – Campbell County, Kentucky NO x 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estimate d 2008, and Projected 201534 

### and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Non-EGU 53.68 49.52 53.81 55.21 -5.69 Non-road 284.66 261.59 189.27 128.67 132.92

Other 523.45 536.71 563.83 587.37 -50.66 MAR 1617.89 1571.87 1156.10 822.91 748.96 On-road 3041.21 2988.33 1570.14 985.28 2003.05 TOTAL 5520.89 5408.02 3533.15 2579.44 2828.58



### Table 33 – Kenton County, Kentucky NO x 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimate d 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Non-EGU 19.50 20.44 21.79 23.09 -2.65 Non-road 616.67 562.88 395.18 254.61 308.27

Other 1542.27 1581.60 1654.75 1718.86 -137.26 MAR 2068.01 1999.72 1453.68 1014.71 985.01 On-road 5328.44 5057.93 2637.63 1677.96 3379.97 TOTAL 9574.89 9222.57 6163.03 4689.23 4533.34



### Table 34 - Cincinnati-Hamilton Area NO x 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimate d 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

NOx 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin Butler 20085.46 18242.43 13621.54 10255.46 7986.97 Clermont 37517.20 32696.48 21980.71 14004.72 18691.76 Hamilton 57352.39 49403.23 31455.38 21331.52 28071.71 Warren 11562.13 10350.18 7047.42 4786.28 5563.90 Dearborn 11375.34 10621.35 12673.50 13767.56 -3146.21

Boone 14814.64 12761.89 9237.29 7404.92 5356.97 Campbell 5520.89 5408.02 3533.15 2579.44 2828.58

Kenton 9574.89 9222.57 6163.03 4689.23 4533.34 COMBINED NOx TOTAL 167802.94 148706.15 105712.02 78819.13 69887.02



### SO 235 

### Table 35 - Butler County, Ohio SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenanc

e Safety Margin

EGU Point 1959.10 2181.63 654.49 0.00 2181.63 Non-EGU 6185.26 5442.54 6847.48 6828.13 -1385.59 Non-road 260.36 95.29 15.09 0.80 94.49

Other 224.54 221.09 209.01 198.96 22.13 MAR 80.84 79.05 62.61 49.44 29.61 On-road 30.01 34.25 34.28 37.90 -3.65 TOTAL 8740.11 8053.85 7822.96 7115.23 938.62



### Table 36 - Clermont County, Ohio SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenanc

e Safety Margin

EGU Point 88876.65 42918.28 32590.92 20589.16 22329.12 Non-EGU 162.19 118.05 148.28 160.98 -42.93 Non-road 138.93 50.86 8.05 0.43 50.43

Other 164.72 162.20 151.29 142.32 19.88 MAR 22.73 15.39 5.26 0.78 14.61 On-road 20.51 23.32 23.34 25.66 -2.34 TOTAL 89385.73 43288.10 32927.14 20919.33 22368.77



### Table 37 - Hamilton County, Ohio SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenanc

e Safety Margin

EGU Point 77381.13 24693.00 16390.65 7508.46 17184.54 Non-EGU 7819.40 6552.65 7739.34 8309.88 -1757.23 Non-road 474.85 174.16 28.47 1.93 172.23

Other 163.45 161.80 151.81 143.71 18.09 MAR 117.60 100.46 64.96 34.20 66.26 On-road 88.85 98.30 94.43 100.82 -2.52 TOTAL 86045.28 31780.37 24469.66 16099.00 15681.3736 

### Table 38 - Warren County, Ohio SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Non-EGU 3.39 3.53 3.45 3.42 0.11 Non-road 23.54 26.57 27.77 31.58 -5.01

Other 140.25 138.31 131.36 125.59 12.72 MAR 8.13 7.99 6.34 5.03 2.96 On-road 208.73 76.29 11.87 1.73 74.56 TOTAL 384.4 252.69 180.79 167.35 85.34



### Table 39 - Dearborn County, Indiana SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimate d 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenanc

e Safety Margin

EGU Point 46533.70 25729.10 39295.70 36843.66 -11114.56 Non-EGU 1331.15 1334.33 1335.94 1337.95 -3.62 Non-road 40.16 17.38 4.73 1.14 16.24

Other 78.72 81.02 77.64 75.69 5.33 MAR* On-road 2.45 2.69 2.87 3.19 -0.50 TOTAL 47986.18 27164.52 40716.88 38261.63 -111097.11 *MAR emissions are included in Non-road emissions



### Table 40 - Boone County, Kentucky SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 3644.98 2812.16 2617.84 2534.56 277.60 Non-EGU 16.82 17.97 19.50 21.01 -3.04 Non-road 59.56 26.45 5.98 0.51 25.94

Other 1054.33 1066.79 1093.47 1116.53 -49.74 MAR 434.71 409.48 322.39 249.85 159.63 On-road 15.91 16.71 20.67 24.37 -7.66 TOTAL 5226.31 4349.56 4079.85 3946.83 402.7337 

### Table 41 - Campbell County, Kentucky SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Total for Base Year 2005, Estima ted 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Non-EGU 0.97 0.96 1.04 1.09 -0.13 Non-road 18.01 7.89 1.78 0.17 7.72

Other 471.77 479.14 491.66 502.75 -23.61 MAR 221.98 198.32 147.50 103.61 94.71 On-road 9.30 9.69 11.21 12.77 -3.08 TOTAL 722.03 696.00 653.19 620.39 75.61



### Table 42 - Kenton County, Kentucky SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estima ted 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

Sector 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin EGU Point 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Non-EGU 12.91 13.89 15.16 16.41 -2.52 Non-road 41.75 18.27 4.01 0.31 17.96

Other 1196.61 1210.42 1238.92 1263.63 -53.21 MAR 206.59 172.13 123.08 78.68 93.45 On-road 16.24 16.34 18.62 21.48 -5.14 TOTAL 1474.10 1431.05 1399.79 1380.51 50.54



### Table 43 - Cincinnati-Hamilton Area SO 2 

### Emission Inventory Totals for Base Year 2005, Estimated 2008, and Projected 2015 and 2021 (tpy) – With CAIR

SO 2 2005 Base 2008 Attainment 2015 Interim 2021 Maintenance Safety Margin Butler 8740.11 8053.85 7822.96 7115.23 938.62 Clermont 89385.73 43288.10 32927.14 20919.33 22368.77 Hamilton 86045.28 31780.37 24469.66 16099.00 15681.37 Warren 384.04 252.69 180.79 167.35 85.34 Dearborn 47986.18 27164.52 40716.88 38261.63 -11097.11

Boone 5226.31 4349.56 4079.85 3946.83 402.73 Campbell 722.03 696.00 653.19 620.39 75.61

Kenton 1474.10 1431.05 1399.79 1380.51 50.54 COMBINED SO 2 TOTAL 239963.78 117016.14 112250.26 88510.27 28505.8738 

### PM 2.5 

### , NO x 

### , and SO 2



### Table 44 - Cincinnati-Hamilton Ar ea Comparison of 2008 attainment year and 2015 and 2021 proj ected emission estimates (tpy)

2008 Base 2015 Interim 2015 Projected Decrease 2021 Maintenance 2021 Projected Decrease PM 2.5 8,904.64 8,634.55 270.09 8,202.63 702.01 NO x 148,706.15 105,712.02 42,994.13 78,819.13 69,887.02 SO 2 117,016.14 112,250.26 4,765.88 88,510.27 28,505.87



### As shown in the table above (Table 44), PM 2.5 

### emissions in the nonattainment area are projected to decrease by 270.09 tpy in 2015 and 702.01 tpy in 2021. NO x 

### emissions in the nonattainment area are projected to decrease by 42,994.13 tpy in 2015 and 69,887.02 tpy in 2021. SO 2 

### emissions in the nonattain ment area are projected to decline by 4,765.88 tpy in 2015 and 28,505.87 in 2021.

Area source emissions and, to a le sser extent, point sources show an increase due to expectations that the population will grow in this area; however, cleaner vehicles and fuels are expected to be in place in 2009 and 2018, and the Tr ansport Rule will be implemented in 2012 and 2014 and these programs should cause an overall drop in all three pollutants emissions . Decreases from U.S. EPA rules covering Tier 2 Motor Vehicle Emissions Standards and Gasoline Sulfur Control Requirements 20 

### , Highway Heavy-Duty Engine Rule 21



### , and the Non-Road Diesel Engine Rule 22 

### are factored into the changes.

In addition to the above, the Miami Fort Station in Hamilton County implemented important changes in 2007. Two units, B005 (# 5-1) and B006 (# 5-2) permanently shut down effective December 31, 2007. Each were 50 megawatt coal fi red boilers. In addition, unitsB015 (# 7) and B017 (# 8) were issued a new source review permitto-install scrubbers, accepting a re stricted SO2 allowable emissions rate that will not cause or contri bute to a violation of a National Ambient Air Quality Standard (N AAQS) and/or Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) increment violation based upon air dispersion modeling. These scrubbers began operating in April 2007 and December 2007. 23 

### The following summarizes Miami Fort’s

20 http://www. epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-AIR/2000/ February/Day-10/a19a.htm 21 http://www. epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-AIR/1997 /October/Day-21/a27494.htm 22 http://www. epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-AIR/1998 /October/Day-23/a24836.htm 23 The lower rates will be incorporated into the facility’s Title V operating permit at renewal.39 

### emissions changes from the base y ear (2005), to the attainment year (2008), and for 2009:

Table 45 - Miami Fort Station, Ha milton County, Emission Reductions (tpy) as Reported by Clean Air Markets Division SO2 NOx 2005 77,583 12,264 2008 24,693 12,371 2009 25,340 4,338



### Requirement 4 of 5 A demonstration that improvement in air quality bet ween the year violations occurred and the year attainment was achieved is based on permanent and enforceable emission reductions and not on temporary adverse economic conditions or unusually favorable meteorology.

Background Ambient air quality data from all monitori ng sites indicate that air quality met the NAAQS for PM 2.5 

### in 2007-2009. U.S. EPA’s r edesignation guidance (p 9) states: “A state may generally dem onstrate maintenance of the NAAQS by either showing that future emissions of a pollutant or its precursors will not exceed the level of the attainment inventory, or by modeling to show that the future mix of sources and em issions rates will not cause a violation of the NAAQS.”

Demonstration Permanent and enforceable reductions of PM 2.5 

### , NO x 

### , and SO 2 

### emissions have contributed to the attainment of the annual PM 2.5 

### standard. Some of these reductions were due to the applicat ion of tighter federal standards on new vehicles. Also Title IV of the CAA, the NO x 

### SIP Call, CAIR, and federal consent decrees requir ed the reductions of SO 2 

### and NO x 

### emissions from utility sources. Reductions achieved are discussed in gr eater detail under Chapter Five.

Table 46 - Cincinnati-Hamilton Ar ea Combined Comparison of 2005 base year and 2008 attainment year on-road and EGU reductions 2005 2008 On-road PM 2.5 

### 2810.30 2679.85 On-road NO x 

### 71919.89 64471.22 On-road SO 2 

### 392.00 277.59

EGU PM 2.5 

### 2062.91 1633.15 EGU NO x 

### 55930.44 46853.89 EGU SO 2 

### 218395.56 98334.1740 

### Requirement 5 of 5 Provisions for future annual updates of t he inventory to enable tracking of the emission levels, including an annual emissi on statement from major sources.

Demonstration In Ohio, major point sources in all counties are required to submit air emissions information annually, in accordance with U.S. EPA’s Consolidated Emissions Reporting Rule (CERR). Ohio EPA prepares a new periodic inventory for all PM 2.5 

### precursor emission sectors every three years. These PM 2.5 

### precursor inventories will be prepared for future years as necessa ry to comply with the inventory reporting requirements establis hed in the CFR. Emissions information will be compared to the 2005 base year and the 2021 projected maintenance year invent ories to assess emission trends, as necessary, and to assure c ontinued compliance with the annual PM 2.5 

### standard.41 

## CHAPTER FIVE

CONTROL MEASURES AND REGULATIONS CAA Section107 (d)(3)(E)(ii), 107( d)(3)(iv), and 107(d)(3)(E)(v)

Requirement 1 of 6 Section 172(c)(1) of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments requires states with nonattainment areas to implement RACM and RACT.

Background Section 172(c)(1) of the 1990 Cl ean Air Act Amendments requires states with nonattainment areas to submit a SIP providing for implementation of all reasonably available control measures and expeditiously as practicable (incl uding such reductions in emissions from existing sources in the area as may be obtained through the adoption, at a minimum, of reasonabl e available control technology).

U.S. EPA’s Implementation Rule interp rets this requirement in great detail. Under U.S. EPA’ s approach, RACT is determined as part of the broader RACM analysis and identification of all measures (for stationary, mobile, and area source s) that are technically and economically feasible, and that w ould collectively contribute to advancing the attainment date (i.e. by one year or more). States are required to use a combined approac h to RACT and RACM, that (1) identifies potential measures that are reasonable, (2) uses modeling to identify the attainment date that is as expeditious as practicable, and (3) selects the appropriate RACT and RACM.

The Implementation Rule also prov ides for a presumption that in States that fulfill t heir CAIR emission reduction requirements, EGU compliance with CAIR is equivalent to RACM/RACT.

Demonstration In 1972, 1980, and 1991, Ohio promulgated rules requiring reasonably available controls meas ures for particulate emissions from stationary sources.

Statewide RACT rules have been applied to all new sources locating in Ohio since that time. RACT requirements are incorporated into permits along with monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting necessary to ensure ongoing compli ance. Ohio EPA also has an active enforcement program to address violations discovered by field office staff. The Ohio RA CT rules are found in OAC Chapter 3745-17 24



### .

24 http://www. epa.ohio.gov/dapc/regs/3745_17.aspx42 

### In addition, Ohio EPA promulgated NO x 

### SIP Call rules (OAC Chapter 3745-14 25 

### ), CAIR (OAC Chapter 3745-109 26 

### ), and NO x 

### Reasonably Available Control Technology rules (OAC Chapter 3745-110 27 

### ) over the past five years. Emissions from EGUs make up a significant contribution to Ohio ’s inventory. Beginning in 2009, Ohio implemented CAIR which has, and will, provide for significant reductions in NO x 

### , PM 2.5 

### , and SO 2 

### until such time it is replaced by U.S. EPA’s proposed Transport Rule . Then the Transport Rule will provide for even greater reductions.

As part of a larger initiative , LADCO, in consultation with two contractors, performed a series of studies exploring control measures for reducing bot h ozone precursors and PM 2.5 

### precursors in Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin area. The first consultant, MACTEC, prepared a series of white papers 28 

### researching different stationary sour ce categories. The results were compiled into two reports 29 

### . The second consultant, Environ, investigated control options for m obile sources. The results were compiled into two reports 30 

### . The stationary and mobile source sectors (and associated control m easures) were selected by the LADCO States based on several fa ctors presented in the report (See Chapter 2).

Photochemical modeling was t hen conducted (as part of LADCO Round 4 modeling) to assess the ai r quality benefit of the candidate control measures and a modeling report was developed 31 

### . Based on the results, the LADCO project team felt it would not be possible to advance the attainment date for PM 2.5 

### . Ohio EPA, in its attainment demonstration submitted on July 18, 2008, demonstrated (using a weight of evidence appr oach) that attainment would be achieved in this area by 2009. Because of a pr ojected 2009 attainment date, it would not have been reasonably possible or practicable for Ohio to

25 http://www. epa.ohio.gov/dapc/regs/3745_14.aspx 26 http://www. epa.ohio.gov/dapc/regs/3745_109.aspx 27 http://www. epa.ohio.gov/dapc/regs/3745_110.aspx 28 http://www.ladco.org/r eports/control/white_papers 29 http://www.ladco.org/r eports/control/final_reports/identification_and_evaluation_of_candidate_control_measures_i_ april_2005.pdf; http://www.ladco.org/r eports/control/final_reports/identification_and_evaluation_of_candidate_control_measures_ii_ june_2006.pdf 30 http://www.ladco.org/r eports/control/final_reports/final_report_eval uation_of_candidate_mobile_source_control_me asures_february_2006.pdf; http://www.ladco.org/r eports/control/final_reports/final_report_eval uation_of_candidate_mobile_source_control_me asures_for_ladco_states_in_2009_and_2012_march_2007.pdf 31 http://www.ladco.org/r eports/control/modeling/round4_modeling.pdf43 

### develop RACT/RACM requirements, promulgate regulations and implement a control progr am prior to the projec ted attainment date.

Requirement 2 of 6 Section 172(c)(2) of the 1990 CAA Amendments requires attainment demonstration SIPs for nonattainment areas to show reasonable further progress (RFP).

Background U.S. EPA’s Implementation Rule requires RFP only for any area which a State projects an atta inment date beyond 2010. The RFP would provide emission reductions showing linear progress between 2002 and 2009. If a State demonstrates attainment will occur by 2010 or earlier, U.S. EPA considers the attainment demonstration to demonstrate achievement of RFP.

Demonstration In Ohio’s attainment demonstrat ion submitted on July 18, 2008, Ohio demonstrated (using a weight of evidence approach) that attainment would be achieved in th is area by 2009; and therefore, it was not necessary to submit a separate RFP plan.

Requirement 3 of 6 Section 172(c)(3) requires states to subm it a comprehensive inventory of actual emissions.

Background Section 172(c)(3) requires states to submit a comprehensive inventory of actual emissions in the area, including the requirement for periodic revisions as det ermined necessary. 40 CFR 51.1008 requires such inventory to be s ubmitted within three years of designation and requires a baseline em ission inventory for calendar year 2002 or other suitable year to be used for attainment planning.

Demonstration The 2005 comprehensive inventory wa s submitted to U.S. EPA with Ohio’s PM 2.5 

### attainment demonstration SIP submitted on July 18, 2008. It was then subsequently revi sed and resubmitted on June 7, 2010.

Ohio also updates its inventor y in accordance with U.S. EPA’s CERR rule (i.e. emissions stat ements). Ohio EPA submitted its emissions statement SIP on Marc h 18, 1994 which was approved by U.S. EPA on October 13, 1995 (59 FR 51863). As discussed in Chapter 4 (Requirement 4), Ohio EPA submits, and commits to submit, emission inventories (sta tements) every three years.44 

### Requirement 4 of 6 Evidence that control meas ures required in past PM 2.5 

### SIP revisions have been fully implemented.

Background In addition to the historic RACT requirements for PM, the U.S. EPA NO x 

### SIP Call required 22 st ates to pass rules that would result in significant emission reductions from large EGUs, industrial boilers, and cement kilns in the eastern Unit ed States. Ohio passed this rule in 2001. NOx SIP Call requirement s are incorporated into permits along with monitoring, recordkeepi ng, and reporting necessary to ensure ongoing compliance. Oh io EPA also has an active enforcement program to address violat ions discovered by field office staff. Compliance is tracked through the Clean Air Markets data monitoring program. Beginning in 2004, this rule accounts for a reduction of approximatel y 31 percent of all NO x 

### emissions statewide compared to previous uncontrolled years. The other 21 states also have adopted these rules.

On March 10, 2004, the U.S. EPA promulgated the CAIR. Beginning in 2009, U.S. EPA’s CAIR rule requires EGUs in 28 eastern states and the District of Columbia to significantly reduce emissions of NO x 

### and SO 2 

### . CAIR replaced the NOx SIP Call for EGUs. National NO x 

### emissions will be cut from 4.5 million tons in 2004, to a cap of 1.5 million tons by 2009, and 1.3 million tons in 2018 in 28 states. States were r equired to submit a CAIR SIP as part of this effort. Ohio submi tted a CAIR SIP which was approved by U.S. EPA on February 1, 2007. Re visions to the CAIR SIP were again submitted on July 15, 2009. The revised CAIR SIP was approved as a direct final acti on on September 25, 2009 (74 FR 48857).

Demonstration Controls for EGUs under the NO x 

### SIP Call formally commenced May 31, 2004. Emissions covered by this program have been generally trending downward since 1998 with la rger reductions occurring in 2002 and 2003. Data taken from t he U.S. EPA Clean Air Markets web site, quantify the gradual NO x 

### reductions that have occurred in Ohio as a result of Title IV of the 1990 CAA Amendments and the beginning of the NO x 

### SIP Call Rule. Ohio developed the NO x 

### Budget Trading Program rules in OAC Chapter 3745-14 32 

### in response to the SIP Call. OAC Chapter 3745-14 r egulates EGUs and certain nonEGUs under a cap and trade pr ogram based on an 85 percent

32 http://www. epa.ohio.gov/dapc/r egs/3745_14.aspx45 

### reduction of NOx emissions from EGUs and a 60 percent reduction of NO x 

### emissions from non-EGUs, com pared to historical levels. This cap was in place through 2008, at which time the CAIR program superseded it as discuss ed above. Requirement 3 of 5 under Chapter 4 above discussed the reductions Ohio has seen as a result of CAIR.

On April 21, 2004, U.S. EPA published Phase II of the NO x 

### SIP Call that establishes a budget for lar ge (greater than 1 ton per day emissions) stationary internal combustion engines. Ohio EPA’s OAC rule 3745-14-12 addresses stationary internal combustion engines, all used in natural gas pipeli ne transmissions. U.S. EPA approved this revision to the SIP on Ap ril 4, 2008. An 82 percent NO x 

### reduction from 1995 levels is ant icipated. Completion of the compliance plan occurred by Ma y 1, 2006, and the compliance demonstration began May 1, 2007.

Tier II Emission Standards for Vehicles and Gasoline Sulfur Standards In February 2000, U.S. EPA finalized a federal rule to significantly reduce emissions from cars and li ght trucks, including sport utility vehicles (SUVs). Under this proposal, automakers will be required to sell cleaner cars, and refinerie s will be required to make cleaner, lower sulfur gasoline. This rule will apply nationwide. The federal rules will phase in between 2004 and 2009. U.S. EPA has estimated that NO x 

### emission reductions will be approximately 77 percent for passenger cars, 86 percent for smaller SUVs, light trucks, and minivans, and 65 to 95 percent reductions for larger SUVs, vans, and heavier trucks. The sulfur content of gasoline is estimated to be reduced by up to 90 percent. VOC emission reductions will be approximately 12 percent for passenger cars, 18 percent for smaller SUVs, light tr ucks, and minivans, and 15 percent for larger SUVs, vans, and heavier trucks.

Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines In July 2000, U.S. EPA issued a final rule for Highway Heavy Duty Engines, a program which includes lo w-sulfur diesel fuel standards, which will be phased in from 2004 thr ough 2007. This rule applies to heavy-duty gasoline and diesel tr ucks and buses. This rule will result in a 40 percent reduction in NO x 

### from diesel trucks and buses, a large sector of the mobile sources NO x 

### inventory. It also estimated the level of sulfur in highway diesel fuel will be reduced by 97 percent by mid-2006.46 

### Clean Air Non-road Diesel Rule In May 2004, U.S. EPA issued the Clean Air Non-road Diesel Rule. This rule applies to diesel engi nes used in industries such as construction, agriculture, and mining. It also contains a cleaner fuel standard similar to the highway di esel program. The new standards will cut emissions from non-road diesel engines by more than 90 percent. Non-road diesel equipmen t, as described in this rule, currently accounts for 47 percent of diesel particulate matter (PM) and 25 percent of NO x 

### from mobile sources nationwide. Sulfur levels will be reduced in non-road dies el fuel by 99 percent from current levels, from approximatel y 3,000 parts per million (ppm) now to 15 ppm in 2009. New engine st andards take effect, based on engine horsepower, starting in 2008. Together, these rules will substantially reduce local and regional sources of PM 2.5 

### precursors.

Requirement 5 of 6 Acceptable provisions to provide for new source review.

Background Ohio has a longstanding and fully implemented New Source Review (NSR) program. This is addressed in OAC Chapter 3745-31 33 

### . The Chapter includes provisions for the Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) permitting progr am in OAC rules 3745-31-01 to 3745-31-20. Ohio's PSD program was conditionally approved on October 10, 2001 (66 FR 51570) and received final approval on January 22, 2003 (68FR 2909) by U.S. EPA as part of the SIP.

Demonstration Any facility that is not listed in t he 2005 emission inventory, or for the closing of which credit was taken in demonstrating attainment, will not be allowed to construct, reopen, modify, or reconstruct without meeting all applicable NSR require ments. Once the area is redesignated, Ohio EPA will impl ement NSR through the PSD program.

Requirement 6 of 6 Assure that all existing control measures will remain in effect after redesignation unless the State demonstrates through modeling that the standard can be maintained without one or more control measures.

Demonstration Ohio commits to maintaining t he aforementioned control measures after redesignation. Ohio hereby commits that any changes to its

33 http://www.epa.ohio.gov/dapc/regs/3745_31.aspx47 

### rules or emission limits applicable to PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , and NO x 

### as required for maintenance of the annual PM 2.5 

### standard in the Cincinnati-Hamilton area, will be subm itted to U.S. EPA for approval as a SIP revision.

Ohio, through Ohio EPA’s Legal secti on, has the legal authority and necessary resources to actively enfor ce any violations of its rules or permit provisions. After redesignat ion, it intends to continue enforcing all rules that rela te to the emission of PM 2.5 

### precursors in the Cincinnati-Hamilton area.48 

## CHAPTER SIX

CONTINGENCY MEASURES CAA Section 107(d)(3)(E)(v)

Requirement 1 of 4 A commitment to submit a revised pl an eight years after redesignation.

Demonstration Ohio hereby commits to review its maintenance plan eight years after redesignation, as required by Section 175(A) of the CAA

.
Requirement 2 of 4 A commitment to expeditiously enact and implement additional contingency control measures in response to ex ceeding specified predetermined levels (triggers) or in the event that future vi olations of the ambient standard occur.

Demonstration Ohio hereby commits to adopt and expeditiously implement necessary corrective actions in the following circumstances:

Warning Level Response: A warning level response sha ll be prompted whenever the PM 2.5 

### average of the weighted annual mean of 15.5 μg/m 3 

### occurs in a single calendar year within the ma intenance area. A warning level response will consist of a study to determine whether the PM 2.5 

### value indicates a trend toward higher PM 2.5 

### values or whether emissions appear to be increasing. The study will evaluate whether the trend, if any, is likely to conti nue and, if so, the control measures necessary to reverse the trend ta king into consideration ease and timing for implementation as well as economic and social considerations. Implementation of necessary controls in response to a warning level response trigger will take place as expeditiously as possible, but in no event later than 12 months from the conclusion of the most recent calendar year.

Should it be determined through the wa rning level study that action is necessary to reverse the noted trend, the procedures for control selection and implementation outli ned under “action level response” shall be followed.

Action Level Response : An action level response shall be prompted whenever a two-year average of the weighted annual means of 15.0 μg/m 3 

### or greater occurs within the maintenance ar ea. A violation of the standard49 

### (three-year average of the wei ghted annual means of 15.0 μg/m 3 

### or greater) shall also prompt an acti on level response. In the event that the action level is trigger ed and is not found to be due to an exceptional event, malfunction, or noncompliance with a permit condition or rule requirement, Ohio EPA in conjunction with the metropolitan planning organizati on or regional council of governments, will determine additional control measures needed to assure future attainment of the NAAQS for annual PM 2.5 

### . In this case, measures that can be impl emented in a short time will be selected in order to be in place wit hin 18 months from the close of the calendar year that prompted the action level. Ohio EPA will also consider the timing of an acti on level trigger and determine if additional, significant new regulati ons not currently included as part of the maintenance provisions will be implemented in a timely manner and will constitute our response.

Control Measure Select ion and Implementation Adoption of any additional control measures is subject to the necessary administrative and legal process. This process will include publication of notices, an opportunity for public hearing, and other measures required by Ohio law for rulemaking.

If a new measure/control is al ready promulgated and scheduled to be implemented at t he federal or Stat e level, and that measure/control is determined to be sufficient to address the upward trend in air quality, additional lo cal measures may be unnecessary. Furthermore, Ohio will submit to U.S. EPA an analysis to demonstrate the proposed measures are adequate to return the area to attainment.

Requirement 3 of 4 A list of potential contingen cy measures that would be implemented in such an event.

Demonstration Contingency measures to be c onsidered will be selected from a comprehensive list of measures deemed appropriate and effective at the time the selection is made. The selection of measures will be based on cost-effectiveness, emission reduction potential, economic and social considerations or ot her factors that Ohio EPA deems appropriate. Ohio EPA will solicit input from all interested and affected persons in the maint enance area prior to selecting appropriate contingency measures. Because it is not possible at this time to determine what cont rol measures will be appropriate at an unspecified time in the future, the list of contingency measures outlined below is not exhaustive.50 

### 1) Diesel reduction emission strategies. 2) Alternative fuel (e.g., li quid propane and compressed natural gas) and diesel retrofit programs for fleet vehicle operations. 3) Tighter PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , and NO x 

### emissions offsets for new and modified major sources. 4) Impact crushers located at recycle scrap yards – upgrade wet suppression. 5) Concrete manufacturing – upgrade wet suppression. 6) Additional NO x 

### RACT statewide.

No contingency measure shall be im plemented without providing the opportunity for full public participati on during which the relative costs and benefits of individual measures , at the time they are under consideration, can be fully evaluated.

Requirement 4 of 4 A list of PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , and NO x 

### sources potentially subject to future additional control requirements.

Demonstration The following is a list of PM 2.5 

### , SO 2 

### , and NO x 

### sources potentially subject to future controls.

• ICI Boilers - SO 2 

### and NO x 

### controls;

• EGUs;

• process heaters;

• internal combustion engines;

• combustion turbines;

• other sources greater than 100 tons per year;

• Fleet vehicles;

• Concrete manufacturers;

• Aggregate processing plants;51 

## CHAPTER SEVEN

PUBLIC PARTICIPATION

Ohio published notification for a public hearing and solicitation for public comment concerning the draft redesignat ion petition and maintenance plan in the widely distributed county publicat ions on October 28, 2010.

The public hearing to receive comment s on the redesignation request was held on November 29, 2010 at 2: 30 P.M. at the Hamilt on County Department of Environmental Services, Cincinnati, Ohio . The public comment period closed on November 30, 2010. No testimony wa s provided at the public hearing. Comments were received during the public comment period. Appendix E includes a copy of the public notice, t he transcript from t he public hearing, and the response to comments.52 

## CHAPTER EIGHT

CONCLUSIONS

The Cincinnati-Hamilton annual PM 2.5 

### nonattainment area has attained the 1997 annual NAAQS for PM 2.5 

### and complied with the applicable provisions of the 1990 Amendments to the CAA regarding redesignations of PM 2.5 

### nonattainment areas. Documentation to that effect is contained herein. Ohio EPA has prepared a redesignation request and maintenance plan that meet the requirements of Section 110 (a)(1) of the 1990 CAA.

Based on this presentation, the Cincinnati-Hamilton annual PM 2.5 

### nonattainment area meets the requirements for r edesignation under t he CAA and U.S. EPA guidance. Ohio has performed an anal ysis that shows the air quality improvements are due to permanent and enf orceable measures. Furthermore, because this area is subject to signific ant transport of pollu tants, significant regional SO 2 

### and NO x 

### reductions will ensure continued compliance (maintenance) with the standard with an increasing margin of safety.

The State of Ohio hereby requests that the Cincinnat i-Hamilton annual PM 2.5 

### nonattainment area be redesignated to attainment simultaneously with U.S. EPA approval of the maintenance plan provisions contained herein.

### This page left intentionally blankState of Ohio Environmental Protection Agency

STREET ADDRESS: 

## -- MAILING ADDRESS:

Lararus Government Center ~ELE (614) E~+SOZO FAX: (614) 644.3784 ~vw.epe.~taie.oh US 

### P.O. Box 1049 50 W. Town St., Suite 700 Columbus, 

### OH 43216-1049 Columbus, Ohio 43215 

### CERTIFIED NAIL



## April 1, 

## 2010

Cheryl L. Newton, Director Air and Radiation Division U,S.EPA, Region V
77 

## West Jackson Boulevard Chicago, Illinois 60604

RE: 2009 SLAMS PM,,and Ozone Data Certification

Dear Ms. Newton:

Please find enclosed our SLAMS Report (AMP-450, AMP-450NC and AMP255) for calendar year 2009 as required in 40 

## CFR, Part 58, Section
58.15. The ambient concentration and the quality assurance data
have been completely submitted to the AQS database.

The remaining criteria pollutant data will be certified within the month of April.

I certify that the Ozone and PM,, data in the report are accurate to the best of our knowledge taking into consideration the quality assurance findings and only to the extent of the activities performed by Ohio EPA.

There were no incidents of air pollution that reached or exceeded levels as specified by Section 51.151 which could cause significant
harm to the health of persons.

Sincerely, 

# -

Robert Wodanbosi Chief, Division of Air Pollution Control

Ted Strickland. Goveriior Lee Fisher, Lieutenant Governor Chris Korleski, Director

Ohio EPA is an Equal Opportunity EmployerUNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY

QUICKLOOK CRITERIA PARAMETERS

Sep. 8, 2010 Report Request ID: 787657 Report Code: AMP450

Selection Criteria Page 1 User ID: GYE

State County City

Site Parameter POC AQCR UAR CBSA CSA EPA Region Method Duration Begin Date End Date

39

39

39

39

21

21

21 061

017

025

165

015

037

117 GEOGRAPHIC SELECTIONS

PROTOCOL SELECTIONS

Parameter

Classification Parameter Method Duration

QUICK LOOK 88101

SELECTED OPTIONS

EVENTS PROCESSING

MERGE PDF FILES Option Type Option Value

EXCLUDE REGIONALLY CONCURRED EVENTS

YES SORT ORDER

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 Order Column

PARAMETER_CODE

STATE_CODE

COUNTY_CODE

SITE_ID

POC

DATES

EDT_ID

GLOBAL DATES

2007 Start Date End Date

2009 Tribal

APPLICABLE STANDARDS

Standard Description

PM25 24-hour 2006

PM25 Annual 2006Sep. 8, 2010

Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
AIR QUALITY SYSTEM
QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 1 of 7 EXCEPTIONAL DATA TYPES

EDT DESCRIPTION

0

1

2

5 NO EVENTS

EVENTS EXCLUDED

EVENTS INCLUDED

EVENTS WITH CONCURRENCE EXCLUDEDSep. 8, 2010

Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
AIR QUALITY SYSTEM
QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 2 of 7 PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Kentucky Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS 4TH

MAX CERT EDT

21-037-3002

21-037-3002

21-037-3002

21-117-0007

21-117-0007

21-117-0007 1

1

1

1

1

1 0584

0584

0584

0584

0584

0584 Highland Heights
Highland Heights
Highland Heights
Covington

Covington

Covington Campbell

Campbell

Campbell

Kenton

Kenton

Kenton 524A John

Hill Road

524A John

Hill Road

524A John

Hill Road

1401 DIXIE
HWY,

UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE

1401 DIXIE
HWY,

UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE

1401 DIXIE
HWY,

UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE 2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009 118

118

145

118

118

118 34.0

30.5

24.5

34.7

30.5

24.5 Y

Y 5

0

0

5

0

0 24-HOUR

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

34.0

26.1

22.5

31.6

25.2

23.1 50

119

114

117

121

113 1ST

MAX 2ND

MAX 3RD

MAX

33.5

27.3

22.7

34.6

27.3

23.3 26.3

26.1

22.5

31.6

25.2

23.1 26.0

24.4

21.4

30.5

25.0

22.1 14.36*

11.83

11.34

14.20

11.99

11.04 WTD

ARITH

MEANSep. 8, 2010

Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
AIR QUALITY SYSTEM
QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 3 of 7 PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Ohio Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS 4TH

MAX CERT EDT

39-017-0003

39-017-0003

39-017-0003

39-017-0003

39-017-0003

39-017-0016

39-017-0016

39-017-0016

39-017-1004

39-025-0022

39-025-0022

39-025-0022

39-061-0006

39-061-0006

39-061-0006

39-061-0014 1

1

1

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259 Middletown

Middletown

Middletown

Middletown

Middletown

Fairfield

Fairfield

Fairfield

Middletown

Batavia

Batavia

Batavia

Cincinnati

Cincinnati

Cincinnati

Cincinnati Butler

Butler

Butler

Butler

Butler

Butler

Butler

Butler

Butler

Clermont

Clermont

Clermont

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton BONITA & ST

JOHN

BONITA & ST

JOHN

BONITA & ST

JOHN

BONITA & ST

JOHN

BONITA & ST

JOHN

400 NILLES

RD.

400 NILLES

RD.

400 NILLES

RD.

HOOK FIELD

AIRPORT

2400 CLERMONT

CENTER DR.

2400 CLERMONT

CENTER DR.

2400 CLERMONT

CENTER DR.

11590 GROOMS

RD

11590 GROOMS

RD

11590 GROOMS

RD

SEYMOUR &

VINE ST. 2007

2008

2009

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

2007

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

2007 120

120

000

000

000

120

120

000

120

120

120

120

120

120

120

120 37.8

38.4

31.5

38.1

29.9

38.0

39.5

33.0

37.6

40.8

25.3

23.5

40.8

33.9

29.7

41.5 Y

Y

Y

Y

Y 0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 24-HOUR

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

36.8

27.1

25.3

30.9

22.8

34.5

31.5

27.2

36.4

33.5

23.6

22.0

34.7

27.0

24.2

36.5 118

119

116

58

59

115

118

113

112

114

116

121

296

174

122

109 1ST

MAX 2ND

MAX 3RD

MAX

37.1

31.2

27.4

30.9

22.8

36.8

32.7

29.5

36.9

34.1

24.5

22.4

39.2

28.1

26.3

38.1 36.8

27.1

25.3

27.3

22.2

34.5

31.5

27.2

36.4

33.5

23.6

22.0

38.1

28.1

24.2

36.5 35.3

26.3

24.3

27.2

21.9

34.0

27.6

25.5

35.5

33.1

23.5

21.8

37.2

27.0

23.9

36.2 15.41

13.69

12.68

14.32

12.49

14.94

13.75

13.08

14.63

14.01

11.75

11.01

14.63

12.48

12.11

16.59 WTD

ARITH

MEANSep. 8, 2010

Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
AIR QUALITY SYSTEM
QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 4 of 7 PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Ohio Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS 4TH

MAX CERT EDT

39-061-0014

39-061-0014

39-061-0014

39-061-0014

39-061-0040

39-061-0040

39-061-0040

39-061-0042

39-061-0042

39-061-0042

39-061-0043

39-061-0043

39-061-7001

39-061-7001

39-061-7001

39-061-8001 1

1

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1 1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259

1259 Cincinnati

Cincinnati

Cincinnati

Cincinnati

Cincinnati

Cincinnati

Cincinnati

Cincinnati

Cincinnati

Cincinnati

Sharonville

Sharonville

Norwood

Norwood

Norwood

St. Bernard Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton

Hamilton SEYMOUR &

VINE ST.

SEYMOUR &

VINE ST.

SEYMOUR &

VINE ST.

SEYMOUR &

VINE ST.

250 WM.

HOWARD TAFT

250 WM.

HOWARD TAFT

250 WM.

HOWARD TAFT

2101 W. 8TH

ST.

2101 W. 8TH

ST.

2101 W. 8TH

ST.

3254 E.

KEMPER RD.

3254 E.

KEMPER RD.

2059 SHERMAN

AVE.

2059 SHERMAN

AVE.

2059 SHERMAN

AVE.

300 MURRAY

RD. 2008

2009

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2009

2007

2008

2007

2008

2009

2007 120

120

000

119

120

000

142

120

120

000

120

120

120

000

142

120 37.7

34.3

40.1

35.3

41.9

31.5

28.5

39.2

33.5

36.5

37.2

35.0

40.9

34.2

30.5

37.4 Y

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y 0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0 24-HOUR

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

33.0

27.1

34.7

31.1

34.7

25.5

24.8

35.9

27.5

27.0

34.0

28.2

33.7

30.3

25.7

35.4 119

355

58

62

107

107

116

110

111

109

116

117

111

112

119

110 1ST

MAX 2ND

MAX 3RD

MAX

33.3

33.9

34.7

31.1

35.3

26.6

25.7

36.3

32.2

28.2

34.0

28.5

35.0

31.9

27.8

36.3 33.0

29.5

33.0

30.4

34.7

25.5

24.8

35.9

27.5

27.0

34.0

28.2

33.7

30.3

25.7

35.4 31.7

29.1

32.1

25.1

33.1

25.0

24.8

33.6

27.5

26.3

32.6

28.0

32.0

28.9

25.7

32.8 15.12

13.40

15.25

13.89

15.09

12.62

12.73

15.90

14.40

13.71

14.85

13.32

15.09

13.74

12.97

16.07 WTD

ARITH

MEANSep. 8, 2010

Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
AIR QUALITY SYSTEM
QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 5 of 7 PM2.5 - Local Conditions (88101) Ohio Micrograms/cubic meter (LC) (105)

SITE ID P

O

C PQAO CITY COUNTY ADDRESS YEAR METH #OBS 4TH

MAX CERT EDT

39-061-8001

39-061-8001

39-165-0007

39-165-0007

39-165-0007 1

1

1

1

1 1259

1259

1259

1259

1259 St. Bernard

St. Bernard

Lebanon

Lebanon

Lebanon Hamilton

Hamilton

Warren

Warren

Warren 300 MURRAY

RD.

300 MURRAY

RD.

416 SOUTHEAST

ST.

416 SOUTHEAST

ST.

416 SOUTHEAST

ST. 2008

2009

2007

2008

2009 120

120

120

120

120 37.4

30.8

40.8

27.7

26.5 Y

Y 0

0

0

0

0 24-HOUR

98TH

PERCENTILE

VALUE

31.0

28.7

33.6

24.2

23.6 115

117

114

118

119 1ST

MAX 2ND

MAX 3RD

MAX

31.8

30.8

36.6

25.7

25.6 31.0

28.7

33.6

24.2

23.6 30.8

28.5

33.3

23.3

22.4 14.40

13.44

13.98

11.92

11.70 WTD

ARITH

MEANSep. 8, 2010

Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
AIR QUALITY SYSTEM
QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 6 of 7 88101
88101

88101
88101

88101
88101 000

118

119
120

142

145 MULTIPLE METHODS

R & P Model 2025 PM2.5 Sequential w/WINS Andersen RAAS2.5-100 PM2.5 SAM w/WINS Andersen RAAS2.5-300 PM2.5 SEQ w/WINS
BGI Models PQ200-VSCC or PQ200A-VSCC R & P Model 2025 PM-2.5 Sequential Air Sampler MULTIPLE METHODS

GRAVIMETRIC

GRAVIMETRIC

GRAVIMETRIC
Gravimetric
Gravimetric PARAMETER METHOD

CODE COLLECTION METHOD ANALYSIS METHOD METHODS USED IN THIS REPORTSep. 8, 2010

Note: The * indicates that the mean does not satisfy summary criteria. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
AIR QUALITY SYSTEM
QUICK LOOK REPORT (AMP450)

Page 7 of 7 PQAOS USED IN THIS REPORT

PQAO AGENCY DESCRIPTION

0584

1259 Kentucky Division For Air Quality Hamilton County Department Of Environmental Services

### 1 

# OHIO 2005 Base Year PM2.5 SIP Inventory

Ohio Environmental Protection Agency Lazarus Government Center 50 West Town Street, Suite 700 Columbus Ohio 43215

Prepared by Ohio EPA

Division of Air Pollution Control Emissions Inventory Unit February 2008

### 2 

# Table of Contents

Section Page

Introduc tion ................................................................................................. 3

1.0 Point Sources ............................................................................................. 4

2.0 Area S ources .............................................................................................. 8

3.0 Non Road Sources........................................................................15

4.0 On Road Sources.......

.................. .................. ................ ................ .............17

5.0 MAR Sources..............................................................................43

Table

2-1 Categories included in the 2005 area source Inventory.............................8 2-2 Emission Factors used for Wood Bu rners included in area sources............11 3-1 NMIM NCD Tables for Specific Years and States ........................................... 

### 16
4-1 Federal Functional Class Categories............................................................ 

### 23 4-2 DVMT Summary by County



### .................................................................. . 24 4-3 Speed by Federal Functional Class ............................................................. 

### 28 4-4 Link Group Codes & Associated BPR Curves

.......................................... 

### 29 4-5 Mobile6 Inputs.................................................................................31 4-6 LADCO Data Output............................................. .............39 4-7 County Summary Table of MPOs by County......................................... .40 5-1 Number of operations and LTOs for 2005.............................................. 45 5-2 EDMS Aircraft Emissions ..................................................................50 5-3 Fleet Emission Fa ctor Categories ........................................................51 5-4 Pollutant by County (Sample) ............................................................. 54

. Figure

1............................... ......... Speed Comparison Graphs.....................................27

### 3 

# 2005 Base Year PM2.5 SIP Inventory for Ohio

Introduction

The State of Ohio has a nu mber of counties with air quality data showing nonattainment for the following PM 2



### . 5 

### standard:

• 

### Annual Standard = 15.0 ug/m3

The Clean Air Act Amendments (CAA A) requires all states to revise and submit State Implementation Plans (SIP) for areas which are classified as non-atta inment of the 1997 Fine Particle (PM 2



### . 5 

### ) National Ambient Air Quality St andards (NAAQS). The Federal Register ( Vol. 72, No. 79/ Wednesday, April 25, 2007) provides the emissions inventory rules and regulations for the PM 2



### . 5 

### Clean Air Fine Particle implementation rule. An electronic version of the document can be found at http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPAAIR/2007/April/Day-25/a6347.pdf.



### As part of the designation of non-attainment areas for PM 2



### . 5 

### standards, a new attainment demonstration SIP will be necessary. A key el ement in the overall SIP planning process is the need for an updated emissions inventory. This document presents the 2005 Base Year Pa rticulate SIP Emissions Inv entory for Ohio as required by the CAAA. It includes emissions for poi nt, area, on-road mobi le and non-road mobile for the State of Ohio.

This technical report document s the procedures and the me thodologies that were used in the development of daily emissions for all counties in Ohio. This report describes the following:

1. Identification of st ationary and mobile sources included in the inventory; 2. Sources of data, and data collecti on methods used in the development of the inventory; 3. Methods and procedures used to estimate emissions; and 4. Assumptions considered in t he development of the emissions inventories.

The intent of this report is to descri be how the inventory was prepared, and what information was considered in the inventory development.

This document is comprised of 5 sections , one section for each inventory type. The biogenic inventory is not being discussed in this document because Ohio EPA did not participate in the generation of this inventory. Lake Michigan Air Directors Consortium (LADCO) ran EPA’s BEIS model in the Em ission Modeling System (EMS) to generate Summer Weekday emissions for VOC and NOx.

### 4 

## SECTION 1

POINT SOURCES

Emissions and source specific data for point sources are collected for the 2005 baseyear SIP inventory by the Ohio Envir onmental Protection Agency (Ohio EPA.) The primary source of data for point sources is facility reported STARShip files. STARShip is a software package developed by Ohio EPA, Division of Ai r Pollution Control (DAPC), to assist the regulated community in prepar ing and submitting a variety of electronic permit applications and reports to the DAPC . These data are reported by the Title V facilities annually as part of the emission s fee/inventory process conducted by Ohio EPA and include emissions, process rates, oper ating schedules, emissions control data and other relevant information.

The STARShip files are electr onically transferred to the DAPC and stored into the Division’s Oracle database, STARS. The f iles are reviewed by the local air agencies and Ohio EPA district and central office staff. After review, the data are imported into Excel and linked with an Access® database to further process the information into the federally approved National Em ission Inventory (NEI) database format in version 3.0. The files are quality assured ag ain using the United States Environmental Protection Agency’s (U.S.EPA) QA/QC so ftware for format and content. The data is finally submitted to LADCO for emissions processi ng through the Emissions Modeling System. The State provided inv entory for Electric Generating Un its (EGU) is replaced with the Federal EGU inventory. T he EGU inventory is compiled by U.S. EPA’s Acid Rain Program. It is based on facility report ed emissions as meas ured by continuous emissions monitors. In conclusion, the final point source inventory is a hybrid of the federal EGU inventory and the state provided non-EGU units.

A major distinction typically made in emissi ons inventories is t hat between point and area sources. In this invent ory, point sources are sources for which individual records are maintained for that source. Such records are maintained for all Ohio Title V facilities (706 facilities statewide). The area source inventory accounts for facilities from nonTitle V facilities and calculates emissions information using surrogate emissions factors based on energy usage, population, employment records, or other reliable data. A more detailed discussion of t he area source inventory is pr ovided in Section 2. The point source inventory descr ibed herein is considered to be the most current and accurate source of emissions data available for 2005.

1.1 Point Source Process Emissions
Ohio EPA defines point source process emissions as those which occur at an identifiable Title V stationary stack or vent. Point source emissions not emitted from discrete stacks or vents are termed fugitive emissions and are discussed in Section 1.2.

### 5 1.1.1 Source Identificati on and Data Collection
The sources to be included in the 2005 base year inventory are identified using the Title V STARS database. Facility production and emissions data are included in this database. This information is fac ility-reported actual 2005 emissions.

1.1.2 Non-reactive VOC Emissions Adjustments
This section is primarily appl icable for VOC pollutants. S ources are required to identify emissions of photochemically non-reactive Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC.) Based upon this information, those emissions have been specifically excl uded from the 2005 base line inventory in accordance with U.S. EPA’s “Recommended Policy on the Control of Volatile Organic Co mpounds.” A complete list of the compounds that U.S. EPA has identified as being photochemically non -reactive, and therefore not included in the inventory, are listed below:

• Methane

• Ethane

• Methylene chloride

• Methyl chloroform

• Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC-11)

• Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC-12)

• Chlorodifluoromethane (CFC-22)

• Trifluoromethane (HFC-23)

• Chlorofluoromethance (HCFC-31)

• Difluoromethane (HFC-32)

• Decafluoropentane (HFC-43-10mee)

• Ethylfluoride (HFC-161)

• Trichlorotrifluoroethane (CFC-113)

• Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC-114)

• Chloropentafluoroethane (CFC-115)

• 2,2-Dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HCFC-123)

• 1,1,2-Trifluoroethane (HCFC-123a)

• 2-Chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HCFC-124)

• Pentafluoroethane (HFC-125)

• 1,1,2,2,-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134)

• 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a)

• 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b)

• 1-Chloro-1,1,-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b)

• 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane (HFC-143a)

• Fluoroethane (HCFC-151a)

• 1,1-Difluoroethane (HFC-152a)

• Pentafluoropropane (HFC-225ca)

• Pentafluoropropane (HFC-225cb)

• Hexafluoropropane (HFC-236ea)

• Hexafluoropropane (HFC-236fa)

• Pentafluoropropane (HFC-245ca)

• Pentafluoropropane (HFC-245ea)

• Pentafluoropropane (HFC-245eb)

### 6 • Pentafluoropropane (HFC-245fa)

• Pentafluorobutane (HFC-365mfc)

• Parachlorobenzotrifluoride (PCBTF)

• Methoxybutane

• Nonaflourobutane

• Heptafluoropropane ((CF 3 

### ) 2 

### CFCF 2 

### OCH 3 

### )

• Heptafluoropropane ((CF 3 

### )CFCF 2 

### OC 2 

### H 5 

### )

• Perchloroethylene

• Cyclic, branched or linear completely methylated siloxanes

• Methyl acetate

• Volatile methyl siloxanes

• Acetone



### 1.1.3 Emissions Esti mation Methodologies Since source reported actual annual emi ssions are used in the 2005 base year inventory, no estimation methods are necessary . The reports are provided to LADCO in National Emissions Inventory Input Format (NIF) 3.0 format. LADCO imported and processed the NIF files in EMS and applied temporal and spat ial profiles to the annual emissions to calculate weekday emissions rate s. The final point source inventory is split into two separate reports, the Electric Generating Units (EGU) which is the U.S. EPA inventory for electric generating units a nd the non-EGU which is the state inventory minus the EGU units.

1.2 Point Source Fugitive Emissions
Another type of emissions data which is r equired to be filed from point sources is fugitive emissions. Before 1990, fugitive emissions were categorized as area sources due to the lack of detailed information availa ble for fugitive sources. However, since these emissions are now el ectronically reported in t he State’s ORACLE database, STARS, these emissions can be classified as point sources.

1.3 References Getting Started: Emissions In ventory Methods for PM2.5 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, September, 1999.

Emissions Inventory Guidance for Implem entation of Ozone and Particulate Matter National Ambient Air Qaulity Standards (N AAQS) and Regional Haze Regulations

, Office of Air Quality Planning & Standards Research, Triangle Park, NC. November 2005.

Compilation of Air Pollution Emission Factors, Fourth Ed ition and Supplements, AP-42

. U.S. Environmental Protecti on Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, September 1985.

### 7 Preparing 2002 Regional PM2.5 Emissions QAQPS PM Inventory Conference Inventory Conference San Diego, 2003.

Documentation for the 2002 El ectric Generating Unit Nati onal Emissions Inventory (NEI) . Eastern research group, Inc., 1600 Peri meter Park Drive, Morrisville, NC 27560 and E.H. Pechan and Associates, Inc., 5528–B Hempstead Way

### 8 

## SECTION 2

AREA SOURCES

Area sources are sources which are typically small, indivi dual, numerous, and have not been inventoried as specific point, mobile, or biogenic sources. For inventory purposes, they are grouped with other like sources into categories that allow emissions to be calculated collectively usi ng one methodology. Since area sources are traditionally defined at the county level, most methods are designed to estimate area source emissions at the county level.

Ohio EPA has either used published Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP) 6 

### methodologies or selected other methodologies which are shared by other states. The decision of which methodology to use was lar gely based on Ohio’s data availability. Data which was not available on a county-lev el is estimated by assigning a percentage of the state’s total activity to each county based on the state’s popul ation or employment information. If Ohio county specific activity data is available throu gh Ohio EPA or other State Agencies, that data is us ed rather than allocating acti vity by percentage. Table 2-1 lists the sources which emit PM 2.5 

### , NO x 

### and SO 2 

### along with the respective EFs used to calculate each pollutant.

Table 2-1 Categories in the 2005 PM 2 

### . 5 

### SIP Area Source inventory

Area Source NO x 

### PM 2.5 

### SO 2 

### Section Commercial Natural Gas Combustion 94 lb/MMSCF 7.6 lb/MMSCF 0.6 lb/MMSCF 2.1

Industrial Distillate Oil Combustion 20 lb/E3gal fuel 0.25 lb/E3gal fuel 42.6 lb/E3gal fuel 2.2

Industrial Residual Oil Combustion 55 lb/E3gal fuel 4.67 lb/E3gal fuel 157 lb/E3gal fuel 2.2

Industrial Natural Gas Combustion 94 lb/MMSCF 7.6 lb/MMSCF 0.6 lb/MMSCF 2.2

Residential Coal Combustion 9.1 Lb/Ton Coal 3.8 Lb/Ton Coal 31 Lb/Ton Coal 2.3

Residential Distillate Oil Combustion 18 lb/E3gal fuel 0.83 lb/E3gal fuel 42.6 lb/E3gal fuel 2.3

Residential Natural Gas Combustion 94 lb/MMSCF 7.6 lb/MMSCF 0.6 lb/MMSCF 2.3

Residential LPG Combustion 13 lb/E3gal fuel 0.17 lb/E3gal fuel 0.1 lb/E3gal fuel 2.3

Human Cremation 1.01E+01 lb/Ton cremated 0.0637 lb/Ton cremated NA 2.4

Structure Fires 1.4 Lb/Ton burned 10.8 Lb/Ton burned NA 2.5

Outdoor Wood Boilers 2.8 Lb/Ton 2.76E+1 Lb/Ton 4 E-1 Lb/Ton 2.6

### 9 Residential Wood Combustion

Non-Certified

Non-Catalytic

Catalytic 2.80E+00 lb/Ton

2.80E+00 lb/Ton

2.00E+00 lb/Ton 3.06E+01 lb/Ton

1.96E+01 lb/Ton

2.04E+01 lb/Ton 4.00E-01 lb/Ton

4.00E-01 lb/Ton

4.00E-01 lb/Ton 2.3

2.1 

### Commercial Natural Gas Combustion (SCC 2103006000)

The 2005 total state-level commercial sector energy consumption is obtained from the Energy Information Administration (EIA)’s State Energy Data System (SEDS), and apportioned per county based on population 4 

### . Emissions factors are given in table 2-1. The area source emissions are calculated ba sed on an adjusted value by subtracting the emissions due to point sources.

2.2 Industrial Fuel Combustion

Industrial Distillate Oil Combustion (SCC 2102004000)
Ohio’s fuel consumption is apportioned per county based on the county’s population 4



### . The area source NO X 

### emissions are calculated and adjusted by subtracting the emissions due to point source s. A heating value of 140 MMBTU/1000 Gal is used and 84,408 thousand gallons are consumed in 2005. [MMBTU stand for Million British Thermal Units]. Emissions fact ors are given in table 2-1.

SO 2 

### emissions were calculated us ing EF 42.6 Lb/1000 Gal. PM 10 

### and PM 2.5 

### emissions are calculated using 1Lb/1000 Ga l and 0.25 Lb/1000 Gal respecti vely. All Factors are obtained from AP-42 19



### Industrial Residual Oil Combustion (SCC 2102005000)
Ohio’s fuel consumption is apportioned per county based on the county’s population 4



### . The area source NO X 

### emissions are calculated and adjusted by subtracting the emissions due to point sour ces. 54,652 thousand gallons 14 

### are consumed in 2005 and a heating value of 140 MMBTU/1000 Gal is used. The SO 2 

### emissions are calculated using EF 157 Lb/1000 Gal. PM 10 

### and PM 2.5 

### emissions are calculated using 7.17 Lb/1000 Gal and 4.67 Lb/1000 Gal respectively. All factors are obtained from AP-42 19



### Industrial Natural Gas Combustion (S CC 2102006000)
Ohio’s fuel consumption is apportioned per county based on the county’s population 4



### . The area source NO X 

### emissions are calculated and adjusted by subtracting the emissions due to point sources. 293,857 MMCF 14 

### are consumed in 2005. The SO 2

### 10 emissions are calculated usi ng EF 0.6 Lb/MMBTU. The PM 10 

### and PM 2.5 

### emissions are calculated using 7.6 Lb/MMBTU. All factors were obtained from AP-42 19



### 2.3 Residential Fuel Combustion

Residential Coal Combustion (SCC 2104001000)
Ohio’s household consumption of coal is apportioned per county based on county population 4 

### . NO X 

### emissions are calculated using EF of 9.1 of coal. The SO 2 

### emissions are calculated using EF 31Lb/1000 Gal. The PM 10 

### and PM 2.5 

### emissions are calculated using 6.2Lb/Ton and 3.8 Lb/Ton respectively . All factors were obtained from AP-42 19



### Residential Distillate Oil Combustion (SCC 2104004000)
Ohio’s household consumption of distillate oil is apportioned per county based on county population 4 

### . NO X 

### emissions are calculated us ing EF of 18 lb/1000 gallons distillate fuel respectively. A heating value of 140 MMBTU/1000 Gal is used. The SO 2 

### emissions are calculated using EF 42.6 Lb/1000 Gal. The PM 10 

### and PM 2.5 

### emissions are calculated using 1.08Lb/1000 Gal and 0.83 Lb/1000 Gal respec tively. All factors are obtained from AP-42 19



### Residential Liquid Petroleu m Gas Combustion (LPG) (SCC 2104007000)
Ohio’s household consumption of LPG is apportioned per county based on county population 4 

### . NO X 

### emissions are calculated using EF of 13 lb/1000 gallons LPG. The SO 2 

### emissions are calculated usi ng EF 0.1 Lb/1000 Gal. The PM 10 

### and PM 2.5 

### emissions are calculated using 0.17Lb/1000 Gal. All factors are obtained from AP-42 19



### Residential Natural Gas Combustion (SCC 2104006010)
Ohio’s household consumption of LPG is apportioned per county based on county population 4 

### . NO X 

### emissions are calculated using EF of 94 lb/MMSCF. MMSCF stands for Million Standard Cubic Feet. This source also emits SO 2 

### emissions which are calculated using EF 0.6 Lb/MMBTU. The PM 10 

### and PM 2.5 

### emissions are calculated using 7.6Lb/MMBTU. All fact ors are obtained from AP-42 19



### Residential Wood Combustion

NO X 

### emissions from this area source are ca lculated for seven types of residential heating units that utilize wood for fuel. They are listed below with the appropriate SCC:

Fireplaces without inserts 2104008001 Fireplaces with inserts cataly tic (non-U.S. EPA cert) 2104008002 Fireplaces with inserts non -catalytic 2104008003 Fireplaces with inserts catalytic (U.S. EPA cert) 2104008004 Wood stoves – Conventional 2104008010 Woodstoves – Catalytic 2104008030 Wood stoves – Non catalytic 2104008050

### 11 The number of Ohio homes with fireplaces ar e adjusted for those t hat burn wood. The following assumptions are applie d to those adjusted homes:

92 percent of wood combust ed in non-certified units 5.7 percent of wood combusted in non-catalytic units 2.3 percent of wood combusted in catalytic units

A state consumption value is applied which is apportioned to each county based on its population 4 

### . Table 2-2 shows the EF used for each of the seven types of indoor wood burners which make-up this category:

Table 2-2 Emission Factors Used for Wood Burners

SCC 2104008002 210400 8003 2104008004 SCC 2104008010 210400 8050 2104008030 SCC 2104008001 RAPIDS Code Non-Certified N on-Catalytic Catalytic Units SO 2 

### 4.00E-01 4.00E-01 4.00E-01 Lb/ton NO X 

### 2.80E+00 2.80E+00 2.00E+00 Lb/ton PM 2.5 

### 3.06E+01 1.96E+01 2.04E+01 Lb/ton

To avoid double counting of wood consumption for fuel, this category is adjusted by subtracting the wood consumption from OWB to allow this category to account only for indoor wood burning emissions.

Residential Wood combustion also emits SO 2 

### which is calculated using EF 0.4 Lb/Ton EF. The PM 2.5 

### emissions are calculated using EF as shown in table 2-2. All factors are obtained from AP-42 19



### 2.4 Human Cremation (SCC 2810060200)

Not all Ohio counties possess a crematory so only those counties with crematories are used to calculate the number of cremations and their resulting NOx emissions. The 2005 cremation data is obtained fr om the Ohio Department of Health, Vital Statistics 17



### . It is estimated that 3% of deaths occur outsi de the State of Ohio with no available data to account for their disposition at the time this area source is being calculated. Therefore, those deaths are not accounted for in this category. The methodology does not offer an EF for NOx for this category nor is NOx required to be calculated for this area source. Ohio f eels that it is a combustion source and NOx needs to be included in the inventory al ong with the other com bustion sources. Through its Permits-to-Install for human crem ation, Ohio has se lected a NOx EF of 10.13lb/ton cremated to calculate emi ssions from this area source.

### 12 This source also emits PM, PM 10 

### , and PM 2.5 

### emissions which are calculated using EF 0.1 Lb/Ton, 0.071Lb/Ton and, 0.0637 Lb/Ton respec tively. All factors are obtained from AP-42 19



### 2.5 Structur e Fires (SCC 2810030000)

The Structure Fires category includes resid ential and commercial fires resulting from unintentional actions. Intentional fires, fo rest and wildfires, agricultural, and vehicle burning are not included in this area source

. The State Fire Marshall Office, Fire Prevention Bureau 15 

### provided data on the number of st ructure fires per county in 2005.

This area source is consider ed a combustion source for NO X 

### emissions which are calculated using EF 1.4 lb/ton burned. The residential and commercial structures fires for each county are tabul ated and a fuel load ing of 1.15 Ton/fire is applied. This source also emits PM, PM 10 

### , and PM 2.5 

### emissions which are calculat ed using EF 10.8 Lb/Ton. This factor was obtained from AP-42 19



### 2.6 Outdoor W ood Boilers (SCC 2104008070)

Outdoor Wood Boilers (OWB), are also known as outdoor water stoves and outdoor wood furnaces, are used as outdoor residenti al heaters. These boilers have wood burning fireboxes surrounded by a water reserv oir vented by a chimney stack. The combustion of the wood in t he firebox heats the water in the surrounding reservoir and the heated water is pumped to the residence. OWB units can also supply residential hot water. The water capacit y ranges from 60 gallons to 764 gallons. The operational design creates long periods where the fire smolders and creosote is formed 13



### . When the water circulating through the furn ace reaches an upper set point, the air supply to the fire is cut-off, cooling the fire so the water will not overheat. The furnace operates in this "idle" mode until the water te mperature hits a lower set point and the air supply is re-established. The OWB may be in idle mode far longer than in operating mode. This type of operating causes very poor combustion and heavy foul smoke. Most of the smoke emitted is fi ne condensed organic material t hat does not burn under cool, oxygen starved conditions. In addition, many owners burn green wood full of moisture which also causes poor combustion 12



### . The smoke created from these outdoor wood burning units can contain severa l pollutants that are harmful to breathe, including fine particle pollution such as PM 2.5 11 

### in addition to NOx (research assisted by Deborah Lucas, DAPC intern, 2007)

This new area source category has many unknowns and variables associated with it and Ohio does not possess accurate OWB uni t sales data available to calculate emissions on the county level. Therefore, several assu mptions are made in agreement with the Great Lake States in order to formulate a homogeneous inventory for the region.

### 13 The assumptions are as follows:

• 100% of wood combusted in non-certified units.

• OWB units to be 90% in rural counties and 10% in urban counties

• 11.68 cords of wood consumption per unit per year (includes heating efficiency of 30-40%)

• 5 months heating season = 3650 hours (24/7)

• PM 2.5 

### emissions factor (g/kg wood) =13.82 (Average of indoor and outdoor) or 27.64 lb/ton of wood

The agreed upon methodology requi res that total number of OWB sold in Ohio be apportioned to each county based on rural or urban designation while observing the 9:1 ratio in area sales. The guesstimated factor s (see above) are applied to calculate the emissions from this outdoor wood burner. Total emissions obtained from this category are subtracted from the Residential Wood Co mbustion category to allow for accurate emissions from the indoor wood burning units.

2.7 References

1. Documentation For the 2002 Non-Point S ource National Emission Inventory For CAPS and HAPS . U.S. Environmental Protecti on Agency. Emissions Factor and inventory Group. E.H Pe chan and Associates, Inc. January 2004.

2. United States Census Bureau. Population Division. http://eire.census.gov/popest/data/c ounties/tables/CO-EST 2002/CO-EST2002-01- 39.php (Accessed 2003)

3. United States Census Bureau. County Business Patterns. http://censtats.census.gov/cbpnaic/cbpnaic.shtml (Accessed 2003)

4. Ohio Department of Development, Office of Strategic Research. Population Projects by Age and Sex: 2005-2030. http://www.odod.ohio.gov /research/files/p200.htm (Accessed August 2006)

5. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 1999 Base Year Non-point Source National Emission Inventory for Hazardous Air Pollutants, Research Triangle Park, NC. September 28, 2001.

6 . Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA). STAPPA-ALAP CO-EPA Emission Inventory Improvement Progr am (EIIP). Volume III - Area Sources Preferred and Alternative Methods. November 1996.

7. Documentation for the Dr aft 1999 National Emissions In ventory (Version 3.0) for Criteria Air Pollutants and Amm onia. Area Sources. E. H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. March 3, 2003

### 14 8. U.S. Environmental Pr otection Agency, STAPPA-ALAPC O-EPA Emission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP), Volume III - Area Sources Preferred and Alternative Methods, Chapter 8. September 1997.

9. Spreadsheet formulation provided by “Buzz” David Asse lmeier, Air Quality Planning Section, Inventory Group, Springfield, Illinois.

10. Environmental Protection Agen cy (EPA). STAPPA-ALAPCO-EPA Emission Inventory Improvement Progr am (EIIP). Volume III - Area Sources Preferred and Alternative Methods. May 1997.

11. (Environmental Chemistr y.com) viewed on Feb 8th, 2007. [http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi /environmental/200602out doorwoodfurnaces.ht ml ]
12. (Washington State, Department of Ecology) viewed on Feb 8th, 2007 [http://www.ecy.wa.gov/progr ams/air/AOP_Permits/Boiler /Outdoor_Boilers_home.html]

13. U.S. Environmental Protection Agen cy. Reducing Pollution from Outdoor WoodFired Hydronic Heaters. Fact Sheet http://www.epa.gov/owhh/ pdfs/fact_sheet_1_29_07.pdf (Accessed 1/2007)

14. Industrial Sector E nergy Price and Expenditure Estimates, 1970-2001, Ohio. Energy Information Administration. U. S. Department of Energy. http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/st ates/sep_prices/ind/pr_ind_oh.html http://www.eia.doe.gov/em eu/aer/pdf/pages/sec1_27.pdf (Accessed 2003)

15. State Fire Marshal Office. Fire Prevention Bureau, Columbus, Ohio. http://www.com.state.oh. us/odoc/sfm/firecont.htm (Accessed 2003)

16. Documentation for the Draft 1999 National Emissions In ventory (Version 3.0) For Criteria Air Pollutants and Amm onia. Area Sources. E. H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. March 3, 2003

17. Ohio Department of Health, Vital Statistics

18. Environmental Protection Agency. STAPPA-ALAPCO-EPA Em ission Inventory Improvement Program (EIIP). Volume X – Emissions Projections. December 1999. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/eiip/techreport/volume10/x01.pdf (Accessed 2/2007)

19. Environmental Protection Agency. AP-42. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/ap42/

### 15 

## SECTION 3

NON-ROAD SOURCES

The non-road inventory is gener ated regionally by running U. S. EPA’s Nati onal Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) model. The Wi sconsin Department of Natural Resources undertook the responsibility of customizing the NMIM input files and submitting the output file in NIF format to LADCO and U.S. EPA. LADCO process ed the NMIM files in their emissions model and generat ed daily emissions rates. Grant Heatherington from the Wisconsin Department of Natural Reso urces provided the following descriptions...

The National Mobile Inventory Model (NMIM) developed by USEPA was used to estimate emissions for all other non-road m obile categories. NMIM consolidates nonroad mobile emissions and on-road emissions modeling into a singl e modeling system. Only the non-road emissions modeling portion of NMIM was used in the development of this emission’s inventory. NMIM uses the USEPA’s NONROAD model to calculate nonroad mobile emissions. The basic NONROAD algorithm for calculating emissions uses base year equipment populati ons, average load factors, available engine powers, activity hours and emission factors. Before NMIM was run, modifications and additions were made to the NM IM input data.

a. Added emission factors for diesel ta mpers/rammers provided by E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. Diesel tampers/rammers are a type of construction equipment.

b. Revised PM 2.5 

### ratios in SCC table to correctly calculate PM 2



### . 5 

### diesel emissions. This error was introduc ed with NMIM2005 and didn’t exist in NMIM2004.

c. Revised gasoline parameter s using updates provi ded by the states and E.H. Pechan & Associates, Inc. Ga soline parameters include Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP), oxygenate c ontent and sulfur content.

The NMIM NEI NIF files are on the LADCO ftp site at: ftp://ftp.airtoxics.org/in v2005/nonroad/NMIM /Base_L_ph2/2005/



## Revised NMIM2005 Input Data

Emission Factor Data

All States: Pechan revised the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) emission factor data to include diesel tampers/rammers (2270002006). The revised NMIM file is saved as revBSFC.EMF.