Primary 

Estimate

Low 

Estimate

High 

Estimate Year Dollar

Discount 

Rate

Period 

Covered Notes

Benefits

$110 to 250 2007 7% 2014

$120 to $280 2007 3% 2014

7%

3%

Qualitative

Costs

$0.81 2007 7% 2014

$0.81 2007 3% 2014

7%

3%

Qualitative

Transfers

7%

3%

7%

3%

Effects

State, Local, and/or 

Tribal Government These impact results are shown in the RIA.

Small Business Impact results are available in the RIA. 

Wages

Growth

Other Annualized 

Monetized 

($billions/year)

Federal 

Annualized 

Monetized 

($billions/year)

Annualized 

Monetized 

($billions/year)

Annualized 

Quantified 

Annualized 

Monetized 

($billions/year)

Annualized 

Quantified 

Estimates Units

Of the 98 affected government-owned entities in the Transport Rule region, 26 

may incur costs of greater than 1% of their revenues. These governmentowned entities should be able to pass along these costs to rate-payers, 

however, so the impact of this rule to these entities should not be significant. 

For more information, please refer to the RIA for this final rule.

EPA has certified that this rule will have no SISNOSE (significant economic 

impacts on a substantial number of small entities). Of the 24 small entities (out 

of 108 affected) projected to have costs greater than 1 percent of revenues, 

around 70 percent of them operate in cost of service regions and would 

generally be able to pass any increased costs along to rate-payers. 

Furthermore, of the approximately 660 units identified by EPA as being 

potentially owned by small entities, approximately two-thirds of the units that 

have higher costs are not expected to make operational changes as a result of 

this rule (e.g. install control equipment or switch fuels). Their increased costs 

are largely due to increased cost of the fuel they would be expected to use 

whether or not they had to comply with the proposed rule. Further, increased 

fuel costs are often passed through to rate-payers as common practice in many 

areas of the U.S. due to fuel adder arrangements instituted by state public utility 

commissions. Finally, EPA’s decision to exclude units smaller than 25 MWe 

has already significantly reduced the burden on small entities. 

No estimates available regarding changes in wages. 

We do not have any estimates provided regarding changes in economic growth 

associated with implementation of this final rule. 

This benefits range reflects two primary 

estimates (Pope et al. for the lower, and Laden 

et al. for the higher). Includes the value of 

visibility and CO2-related benefits. Analysis 

year is 2014. Results and methodology are 

provided in the RIA. 

Costs reflect continued operation of existing 

controls on EGUs and new controls on EGUs 

installed by 2014 in the Transport Rule region. 

Results and methodology are provided in the 

RIA. 

None Estimated
Category

Primary

Estimate

Low

Estimate

High 

Estimate

Year 

Dollar

Discount 

Rate

Period 

Covered

Benefits

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

Qualitative

Costs

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

Qualitative

Transfers

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

From/To From: To:

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

From/To From: To:

Effects

State, Local, 

and/or Tribal 

Government

Small Business

Wages

Growth

Notes

Estimates Units

Annualized 

Monetized 

($millions/year)

Annualized 

Quantified 

Annualized 

Monetized 

($millions/year)

Annualized 

Quantified 

Federal 

Annualized 

Monetized 

($millions/year)

Other Annualized 

Monetized 

($millions/year)
Category

Primary

Estimate

Low

Estimate

High 

Estimate

Year 

Dollar

Discount 

Rate

Period 

Covered

Benefits

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

Qualitative

Costs

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

Qualitative

Transfers

250.0 0.0 0.0 2005 7% 2005

250.0 0.0 0.0 2005 3% 2005

From/To From: To:

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

From/To From: To:

Effects

State, Local, 

and/or Tribal 

Government

Small Business

Wages

Growth

Estimates Units

Federal 

Annualized 

Monetized 

($millions/year)

Other Annualized 

Monetized 

($millions/year)

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

Annualized 

Monetized 

($millions/year)

Annualized 

Quantified 

Annualized 

Monetized 

($millions/year)

Annualized 

Quantified 

Notes

Medicare Home Health Agencies
Category

Primary

Estimate

Low

Estimate

High 

Estimate

Year 

Dollar

Discount 

Rate

Period 

Covered

Benefits

60.3 51.2 69.3 2005 7% 2005-2009

60.7 51.6 69.8 2005 3% 2005-2009

88.9 80.0 97.7 7%

91.1 82.0 100.2 3%

Qualitative

Costs

46.0 41.4 50.6 2005 7% 2005-2009

44.8 40.4 49.3 2005 3% 2005-2009

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

Qualitative

Transfers

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

From/To From: To:

0.0 0.0 0.0 7%

0.0 0.0 0.0 3%

From/To From: To:

Effects

State, Local, 

and/or Tribal 

Government

Small Business

Wages

Growth

Federal 

Annualized 

Monetized 

($millions/year)

Other Annualized 

Monetized 

($millions/year)

N/A

N/A

N/A

Increased patient safety and increased provider flexibility

Notes

Estimates Units

Reduction in deaths due to infection

Annualized 

Monetized 

($millions/year)

Annualized 

Quantified 

Annualized 

Monetized 

($millions/year)

Annualized 

Quantified 

N/A
Category

Primary 

Estimate

Low 

Estimate

High 

Estimate

Year 

Dollar

Discount 

Rate

Period 

Covered

Benefits

$110 to 250 2007 7% 2014

$120 to $280 2007 3% 2014

7%

3%

Qualitative

Costs

$0.81 2007 7% 2014

$0.81 2007 3% 2014

7%

3%

Qualitative

Transfers

7%

3%

From/To From: To:

7%

3%

From/To From: To:

Effects

State, Local, and/or 

Tribal Government

Small Business Impact results are available in the RIA. 

Wages

Growth

Estimates Units

Notes

Annualized 

Monetized 

($billions/year)

This benefits range reflects two primary estimates (Pope et al. for the lower, and Laden et al. for the higher). 

Includes the value of visibility and CO2-related benefits. Analysis year is 2014. Results and methodology are 

provided in the RIA. 

Other Annualized 

Monetized 

($billions/year) None estimated. 

Annualized 

Quantified 

Annualized 

Monetized 

($billions/year)

Costs reflect continued operation of existing controls on EGUs and new controls on EGUs installed by 2014 

in the Transport Rule region. Results and methodology are provided in the RIA. 

Annualized 

Quantified 

Federal 

Annualized 

Monetized 

($billions/year) None estimated. 

We do not have any estimates provided regarding changes in economic growth associated with implementation of this final rule. 

Of the 98 affected government-owned entities in the Transport Rule region, 27 may incur costs of greater than 1% of their revenues. 

These government-owned entities should be able to pass along these costs to rate-payers, however, so the impact of this rule to these 

entities should not be significant. For more information, please refer to the RIA for this final rule.

These impact results are shown in the 

RIA.

EPA has certified that this rule will have no SISNOSE (significant economic impacts on a substantial number of small entities). Of the 25 

small entities (out of 108 affected) projected to have costs greater than 1 percent of revenues, around 75 percent of them operate in cost of 

service regions and would generally be able to pass any increased costs along to rate-payers. Furthermore, of the approximately 660 units 

identified by EPA as being potentially owned by small entities, approximately two-thirds of the units that have higher costs are not expected 

to make operational changes as a result of this rule (e.g. install control equipment or switch fuels). Their increased costs are largely due to 

increased cost of the fuel they would be expected to use whether or not they had to comply with the proposed rule. Further, increased fuel 

costs are often passed through to rate-payers as common practice in many areas of the U.S. due to fuel adder arrangements instituted by 

state public utility commissions. Finally, EPA’s decision to exclude units smaller than 25 MWe has already significantly reduced the burden 

on small entities. 

No estimates available regarding changes in wages.