SOIL SAMPLING AND 

 GROUNDWATER INVESTIGATION 

 WORK PLAN 

 

AT & SF SUPERFUND SITE

 ALBUQUERQUE, NEW MEXICO

AUGUST 2006 

Prepared for: 

MCKENNA LONG & ALDRIDGE LLP 

 1875 LAWRENCE STREET, SUITE 200 

 DENVER, CO 80202-1847 

Prepared by: 

MFG, INC. 

 4900 Pearl East Circle, #300W 

 Boulder, CO 80301

000001
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

1.0 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................1

2.0 SITE SETTING................................................................................................................................2

3.0 PROPOSED SCOPE OF ADDITIONAL INVESTIGATION ........................................................3

3.1 Surface Soil Investigation ...................................................................................................4

3.2 Shallow Subsurface Investigation .......................................................................................5

3.3 Groundwater Investigation..................................................................................................7

3.3.1 Groundwater Well Installation ...............................................................................8

3.3.2 Groundwater Monitoring........................................................................................9

4.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE .............................................................................................................10

4.1 Field Quality Assurance/Quality Control..........................................................................10

4.2 Laboratory Quality Assurance/Quality Control ................................................................10

4.3 Data Reporting ..................................................................................................................10

4.4 Data Evaluation.................................................................................................................11

4.4.1 Field Measurements .............................................................................................11

4.4.2 Laboratory Data....................................................................................................12

5.0 REPORTING..................................................................................................................................13

6.0 REFERENCES...............................................................................................................................14

TABLES 

 1 Soil and Groundwater Sampling Requirements 

FIGURES 

 1 Proposed Sampling Locations 

APPENDICIES 

APPENDIX A – MFG Standard Operating Procedures

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1.0 INTRODUCTION 

This Work Plan describes the scope of additional site characterization activities proposed by GCC 

Premium Transloaders, LLC (GCC) at the AT&SF Albuquerque Superfund Site (the Site). This 

Work Plan has been developed, based on a review of available information regarding the 

Superfund Site, to establish a more complete understanding of environmental conditions within 

the portion of the Site, that is the subject of a certain purchase and sale agreement. 

The Site is currently owned by the BNSF Railway Company and is located at 3300 Second Street, 

SW, in the South Valley area of the City of Albuquerque, Bernalillo County, New Mexico. It is 

the location of the former Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway (AT & SF) Tie Treating Plant. 

The Site can be divided into two general areas; (1) the area at the southern portion of the property 

that housed the tie treating facility itself, the wastewater reservoir and sump, and the drip tracks; 

and (2) the northern portion of the property that was reported used only for the storage of ties, 

both treated and untreated. The southern, tie treatment plant area is enclosed by a fence that 

represents a demarcation between the two areas. The focus of the additional investigations 

described in this Work Plan is the western portion of the former tie storage area (the subject 

property); an L-shaped parcel approximately 20 acres in size, with the stem of the L in the northsouth direction bordered by the railroad track to the west, by overflow parking for intermodal on 

the north, by the auto unloading facility to the east, and the old AT&SF tie treating facility to the 

south and east, as shown on Figure 1. 

The tie treating plant was dismantled in 1972 and no activity took place at the site until 1982. In 

that year, portions of the property were leased to Bredero Price, Inc. who operated a pipe storage 

and coating facility for approximately one year. The pipe coating process involved the 

application of extruded plastic coating onto steel pipe (TRC, 2001). Based on a review of 

historical aerial photographs it appears that Bredero primarily utilized the tie storage area for its 

operations. To prepare the site for the pipe coating operation, TRC reported that plant demolition 

debris was consolidated in the southern portion of the site, in the area of the tie treatment facility. 

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2.0 SITE SETTING 

As presented in the ROD, the Site and surrounding area’s topography is generally flat and gently 

slopes to the west towards the Rio Grande River. The Rio Grande River, located approximately 

one mile west of the site, is the closest body of water. 

The site is located in the inner Rio Grande Valley, which is incised into the sedimentary basin fill 

of the Albuquerque basin. The sedimentary basin fill consists largely of the Santa Fe Formation 

with some overlying recent deposits represented by the Rio Grande Alluvium. The Santa Fe 

Formation has been divided into three parts (upper, middle, and lower) that are interconnected. 

The Santa Fe Formation is approximately 4,750 feet thick in the area. The upper Santa Fe 

Formation is estimated at 650 feet thick in the vicinity of the site and flows (regionally) in a 

northerly direction. This regional flow direction is likely influenced by groundwater withdrawal 

from the San Jose Municipal Well Field located about two miles north of the site. 

At the site, the Rio Grande Alluvium is 53 to 82 feet thick and consists of two water bearing 

zones; the Shallow Aquifer and the Intermediate Aquifer. The shallow aquifer is comprised 

mainly of sand and extends from the ground surface to an average depth of approximately 20 feet. 

While this sand unit is referred to as the shallow aquifer, only the lower few feet are typically 

saturated. A discontinuous silty clay layer separates the shallow and intermediate aquifers. The 

intermediate aquifer is comprised mainly of sand and gravelly sand and has an average thickness 

of approximately 40 feet. There is a downward gradient between the shallow and intermediate 

aquifers and, based on groundwater levels observed at the site, the intermediate aquifer is 

typically fully saturated with water levels just slightly lower than the shallow aquifer wells. 

Groundwater flow direction at the Site is generally in the east-southeast direction. 

 

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3.0 PROPOSED SCOPE OF ADDITIONAL INVESTIGATION 

The primary purpose of collecting additional environmental information is to provide a more 

robust characterization of the subject property to allow GCC the opportunity to more fully 

understand site conditions for use in determining and evaluating the risks associated with carrying 

through with the purchase of the property and to determine what, if any, contamination may be 

encountered during site development activities. Potential data gaps associated with the former 

Tie Storage Area, identified through a preliminary review of existing site information, include the 

absence of any characterization of the surface soils, the lack of groundwater wells on the 

property, and the potential for the existence of additional hot spots of creosote contamination. In 

addition, data collected through this investigation will be useful for establishing baseline 

environmental conditions, prior to the initiation of GCC activities, and to ensure the safety of 

future workers at the site. 

 The scope of the proposed additional environmental investigation will consist of three types of 

sampling activity: 

• Collection of surface soil samples from the 0- to 6-inch depth interval to characterize the 

previously uncharacterized surface soil horizon; 

• A shallow subsurface investigation (0 to 5-feet) focused in areas where subsurface 

construction is anticipated to determine whether additional hot spots of creosote 

contamination are present within the former Tie Storage Area; and 

• The sampling of groundwater to characterize groundwater conditions in the shallow 

and/or intermediate aquifer underlying the subject property. 

GCC is also proposing to conduct a geotechnical investigation of the site concurrent with the 

environmental investigation. It is anticipated that this investigation will consist of 10 to 12 soil 

borings advanced to depths ranging from 10 feet to up to or greater than 50 feet. In addition, 

samples may be collected from the shallow subsurface sampling locations for geotechnical testing 

to assist in the development of design criteria for surface roads, rail spurs, and shallow 

foundations. 

In general samples will be analyzed for constituents identified as contaminants of concern (COC) 

in Section 9.2 of the Record of Decision for the Site (EPA, 2002), or potential COCs as identified 

in the RI Report (TRC, 2001). Where deemed necessary to establish baseline conditions, to 

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evaluate potential risks, or to investigate potential sources of off-site contamination, other than 

from the tie treatment facility, additional constituents have been added. GCC also reserves the 

right to amend the list of analytes to be considered based on further review of existing site 

information or observations of site conditions during the investigation. Any proposed changes to 

the scope of the investigation, as described in this Work Plan, will be subject to review by BNSF. 

GCC does not intend to perform any investigation activities within 25 feet of the centerline of any 

active railroad track on the property and will conduct all activities in accordance with the 

conditions of the License for Environmental Access agreement entered into by both parties. 

It is our understanding that BNSF may desire to collect splits of the samples that are collected 

during this additional site investigation. GCC and its consultants and contractors will cooperate 

with BNSF to ensure the proper collection of representative split samples. All costs associated 

with the handling, shipment, and analysis of split samples shall be the responsibility of BNSF. 

All information and data collected from this investigation will be provided to BNSF prior to the 

release of any information to the EPA or the New Mexico Environmental Department (NMED). 

3.1 Surface Soil Investigation 

No surface soil samples were collected from the tie storage area during the previous 

investigations for the following reasons (TRC, 2001a); (1) there was no visible evidence of 

creosote impact on the ground surface, (2) it is believed that much of the soil at the facility is fill 

material and; (3) the top one to two feet of soil was disturbed by the pipe storage and coating 

operation. 

The surface soil sampling program will help to characterize the fill soil reportedly present over 

the tie storage area, establish baseline conditions for the subject property to evaluate potential 

impacts from the Bredero Price operations, and in determining if there are any contaminants 

present that would present a concern relative to the future industrial use of the property. 

A 100 foot by 100 foot sampling grid will be established across the entire subject property, as 

indicated on Figure 1. To conduct an unbiased screening level characterization of the surface 

soil, grid nodes will be numbered and 25% will be selected for sampling using a random-number 

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generator. Additional surface soil sample locations may also be identified within roadway 

easements through BNSF property in order to establish baseline conditions. 

Grab samples from the zero- to six-inch depth interval, or to the base of the fill material 

whichever is shallower, will be collected at each selected grid node and analyzed for Benzene, 

Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene (BTEX) by method 8021, Total Extractrable Petroleum 

Hydrocarbons (TEPH) Diesel Range by Method 8015, Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon 

(PAH) semi-volatile organic constituents (SVOCs) by Method 8270SIM, and the metals arsenic, 

lead, and zinc, by Method 6020. A more detailed explanation of procedures for collecting surface 

soil samples are provided in MFG’s SOP No. 9 – Soil and Sediment Sampling for Chemical 

Analysis, included in Appendix A. 

3.2 Shallow Subsurface Investigation 

A limited shallow subsurface investigation of the former tie storage area was performed in 1994 

and 1995 (TRC, 2001a). Soil samples were collected from 24 locations chosen from a grid 

layout. The approximate locations of this previous investigation are indicated on Figure 1 (taken 

from RI Figure 3-13). It is unclear how the grid was laid out, as it appears as though the actual 

boring locations are approximately 350 feet apart, north to south, and offset 200 feet east to west. 

In the documents reviewed, no specific rationale was found explaining the basis for selecting the 

grid spacing used to perform the investigation of the Tie Storage Area. To evaluate the adequacy 

of this spacing to identify hot spots at an acceptable error rate, an analysis was performed using a 

method consistent with EPA’s Methods for Evaluating the Attainment of Clean-Up Standards

(EPA, 1989). This method is used to determine the grid spacing required to search for hot spots 

(of a designated size) so that the error rate is acceptable. The error rate is the probability that the 

presence of a hot spot will not be detected by the sampling plan. 

For this exercise, an acceptable error rate of 10% was selected, meaning there will be a 10% 

chance of not detecting a hot spot that is actually present. The size of the hot spot selected is an 

area with a 50-foot diameter, which is consistent with the size of the areas where removal 

activities were performed by BNSF based on the results of the previous site investigation. 

Following the EPA’s methodology, a grid spacing of 90 feet would be required to detect hot spots 

of this size at an error rate of 10%. Following this same methodology, using a 200-foot grid 

spacing (the minimum spacing of the RI locations), and back calculating the error rate indicates 

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that there may be an 80% chance that a hot spot remains, even though it may not have been 

detected by the sampling. 

To more fully characterize the shallow subsurface soil in the tie storage area additional subsurface 

sampling is proposed in a portion of the subject property identified by GCC as an area of interest, 

where subsurface construction is likely. 

A hollow-stem auger conventional drill rig or 'Geoprobe' direct push rig will be used to collect 

continuous subsurface samples from the surface to depths of approximately 5 feet below ground 

surface, at selected locations laid out on a 90 foot grid within the subject property. The proposed 

sampling locations for this investigation are presented on Figure 1 and are focused on areas where 

future construction activities are most likely to occur, based upon a preliminary facility layout 

provided by GCC. It is estimated that approximately 50 locations will be sampled by this 

method. Where possible, this shallow subsurface sampling will be conducted in conjunction with 

the drilling of soil borings advanced as part of the geotechnical site investigation. As indicated, 

grid locations falling near previously sampled areas will not be sampled again during this 

supplemental investigation, except for the vicinity of location CLF-13. Based on the results of 

the initial investigation, additional sampling and soil removal was performed at this location by 

BNSF. As the source or characteristics of the fill material used to backfill the excavation 

following removal has not been determined, this area should also be sampled as part of the 

supplemental investigation. 

One to two samples will be collected at each location depending on general soil characteristics 

and visual screening for evidence of creosote. If visual or olfactory evidence of creosote 

contamination is observed, the first sample will be collected from the depth at which 

contamination appears to be greatest and a second sample will be collected where apparent clean 

soil is encountered, consistent with the first stage investigation performed under the RI. Absent 

any evidence of contamination, the first sample will be collected either from the first natural soil 

encountered below any fill material, reportedly at a depth of 3 inches to 2 feet, or from the top of 

any clay or silt layer, if one is encountered in the upper two feet of soil (identified as a potential 

barrier to the downward migration of creosote constituents). Following the completion of 

sampling, each soil boring will be backfilled with hydrated bentonite chips. 

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The field notes recorded during the previous shallow subsurface investigation identify the 

presence of "charcoal" at various depths, but this material was only sampled once. While the 

results from this one sample of "charcoal" material did not exceed the Preliminary Remediation 

Goals identified in the Soil Feasibility Study (TRC, 2001b), samples of this material will also be 

collected, at each location where it is encountered, during the supplemental investigation. Four to 

six representative samples of this material will be selected for analysis following the completion 

of all sampling, provided that the material appears to be relatively homogeneous across the Site. 

The shallow borings and subsurface soil sample collection will be conducted in accordance with 

MFG SOPs No. 4 and No. 9, included in Appendix A. The shallow soil samples will be analyzed 

for SVOCs by Method 8270, and arsenic and zinc by Method 6020. 

 

3.3 Groundwater Investigation 

Currently there is a lack of groundwater data specific to the subject property (the former Tie 

Storage Area). To address this data gap, several temporary monitoring wells will be installed in 

the shallow and/or intermediate aquifer, within the Rio Grande Alluvium. One monitoring well 

will be installed along the western boundary (upgradient boundary) of the property. This well 

will serve to establish background, or baseline conditions, and to evaluate if there are any impacts 

to groundwater from upgradient sources such as the former feed lot property located immediately 

west of 2nd Street. It is anticipated that this well will be installed in the intermediate aquifer. 

Additionally, wells will be installed at two locations along the eastern property boundary of the 

subject property, one in the southeast corner and one near the northeast corner of the site. It is 

anticipated that two wells, one in the shallow aquifer and one into the intermediate aquifer will be 

installed at the southeast location. Data from the well(s) in the southeastern portion of the site 

would be evaluated to confirm the absence of groundwater contamination associated with the 

primary source areas identified for the Superfund Site. The monitoring well along the eastern 

boundary to the north (anticipated to be installed in the shallow aquifer) will be used to evaluate 

the presence of groundwater contamination and in conjunction with the other wells to monitor 

groundwater flow direction and quality in the future. The locations of the proposed monitoring 

wells are indicated on Figure 1. 

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3.3.1 Groundwater Well Installation 

Prior to drilling, utilities will be located to ensure that each proposed monitoring well location is 

clear of known underground utilities. 

The groundwater monitoring wells will be installed to depths of approximately 20 to 60 feet 

below ground surface, depending on the subsurface conditions encountered. A drill rig equipped 

with hollow stem augers (HSA) will be used to install the wells installed in the shallow aquifer 

and a casing advancing air rotary rig will be used, if necessary, to install the deeper wells into the 

intermediate aquifer. Each boring will be sampled and logged by an experienced geologist. 

When drilling through the clay aquitard into the intermediate aquifer, if contamination is 

observed by the geologist in samples or drill cuttings in the upper aquifer through either visual or 

olfactory evidence, drilling will be suspended and the well location will either be moved or the 

boring will be advanced after setting the outer casing and advancing an inner casing to prevent 

cross-contamination of the aquifers. If no contamination is observed in the upper aquifer zone, 

drilling may be advanced using either the hollow stem auger rig or the air rotary rig with a single 

casing. The final installation depth for each well will be determined at the time of construction 

based on observations of the sample cores and drill cuttings. Soil samples may be collected if 

evidence of contamination is observed during drilling. Each temporary well will be constructed 

of two-inch diameter, schedule 40 polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Ten feet of 0.010-inch screen will 

be used. Each well will be constructed with a two foot sediment trap below the screened interval. 

A filter pack consisting of 10/20 silica sand will be placed in the annular space from the bottom 

of the boring to three feet above the top of the screen. A three foot cap of hydrated bentonite 

pellets will be placed above the sand pack. The remainder of the annular space from the top of 

the bentonite seal to the surface will be filled with bentonite pellets and hydrated. 

After the temporary wells have been installed, they will be allowed to stand overnight before 

being developed. Each monitoring well will be developed by purging at least five casing 

volumes. Procedures for the installation, development and sampling are provided in Appendix A, 

MFG SOPs, Numbers 2, 6, and 12. Following sampling the casing will be pulled and the wells 

will be abandoned in accordance with the above referenced SOPs and Well Abandonment 

regulations from the New Mexico State Engineer's Office. 

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Soil cuttings and purge water generated during the installation and development of the monitoring 

wells will be stored in drums. The contents of the drums will be characterized for disposal and 

then transported off-site to an appropriate disposal facility. 

3.3.2 Groundwater Monitoring 

Prior to sampling, the static water level in the well will be measured, after which the monitoring 

well will be purged a minimum of three casing volumes using a dedicated bailer. Field pH, 

specific conductance, and temperature will be monitored and recorded during purging. Once 

three casing volumes have been purged and the field parameters (specific conductance, pH, and 

temperature) have stabilized within 10 percent, the samples will be collected. The samples will 

be field preserved as required by the analytical method and placed on ice inside a cooler for 

shipment to the analytical laboratory. Sample container and preservative requirements are listed 

on Table 1. Chain of custody forms will be completed and shipped with the cooler. All water 

samples will be analyzed for dissolved nitrate/nitrite by Method 353.2, SVOCs by Method 8270, 

BTEX by Method 8021, and TEPH Diesel Range Hydrocarbons by Method 8015, and arsenic, 

lead, and zinc by Method 6020. 

MFG SOP’s for groundwater sampling, sample custody, packaging and shipment are included in 

Appendix A. 

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4.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE 

MFG will ensure data quality through field and laboratory quality assurance and quality control 

(QA/QC) procedures, data reporting and evaluation. 

4.1 Field Quality Assurance/Quality Control 

The field quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) program will include the collection of field 

duplicate samples and equipment blanks. Equipment blanks will be used to quantify artifacts 

introduced into the sample during collection. One equipment blank will be collected during each 

groundwater sampling event when decontaminated, non-dedicated sampling equipment is used. 

During soil sampling activities one equipment blank will be collected each day. The blank will 

be collected by pouring deionozed water over and/or through the decontaminated, non-dedicated 

equipment. The blank will be analyzed for the same suite of monitoring parameters as the 

associated water and soil samples. The concentration levels of any artifact found in the 

equipment blank will be noted and compared to the associated water and soil sample results. 

One field duplicate sample will be collected during each groundwater sampling event. The 

duplicate sample will be analyzed for the same suite of monitoring parameters as the original 

sample. The duplicate sample will be collected from the bailer in successive aliquots alternating 

with collection of the original sample. The duplicate sample will be submitted as a blind sample 

to the laboratory. No duplicate samples will be collected during the soil sampling activities. 

4.2 Laboratory Quality Assurance/Quality Control 

The laboratory selected to analyze the soil and water samples will operate under an internal 

quality assurance plan. Laboratory quality control (QC) will include method blanks, analytical 

duplicates, matrix spikes, matrix spike duplicates, calibration checks, and laboratory control 

standards, as required by the referenced analytical method. 

4.3 Data Reporting 

The analytical reports submitted under this monitoring plan will include, at a minimum, the 

following information: 

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• A copy of the chain of custody form, including the date of sample receipt and sample 

temperatures upon receipt; 

• Field and laboratory sample identification numbers; 

• Sampling date and time; 

• Sample storage conditions and verification of preservation conditions (if 

appropriate); 

• Sample preparation methods; 

• Date and time of analysis; 

• Analytical method; 

• Analytical result for each parameter requested, including results from QA/QC 

samples; 

• Unit of measurement; 

• Method detection limit (in units of sample results); 

• Laboratory quantification or reporting limit (defined); 

• Calibration results; 

• Certified concentrations for standard reference materials, if used; 

• Method blank results; 

• Results of laboratory QC analyses [laboratory control sample/laboratory control 

sample duplicate (LCS/LCSD); matrix spike/matrix pike duplicate samples 

(MS/MSD); analytical duplicate, etc.] associated with each batch of samples 

analyzed, as appropriate to the method protocol; 

• Definition/explanation of any internal data qualifiers applied, and; 

• A brief narrative describing sample analyses including description of any problems or 

unusual circumstances during analysis. 

4.4 Data Evaluation 

All data will be handled according to the following procedures to ensure that only data of 

appropriate quality are used to evaluate site conditions. 

4.4.1 Field Measurements 

Field measurements including pH and specific conductance, will be collected during groundwater

sampling activities. The field data will be reviewed in an attempt to identify any transcriptional 

or computational errors. Any anomalous data will be discussed with the field personnel that 

originated the data, and corrective actions will be initiated as appropriate. 

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4.4.2 Laboratory Data 

Laboratory calculations and data review will be performed by the laboratory in accordance with 

the procedures described by the analytical method. The laboratory will review the results of the 

laboratory QC analyses, instrument calibration, and maintenance records, calculations, and the 

chain of custody record (including sample holding times) within the laboratory. The laboratory 

shall prepare a narrative to summarize the findings of their review, especially any problems 

identified, to be included with the results of all the sample analyses. 

After receipt of the data from the laboratory, the following data handling procedures will be used: 

• Data evaluation will be performed to ensure that the analytical laboratory was 

operating in control at the time the samples were analyzed and to document that 

appropriate methods and holding times were observed. 

• Data evaluation will be performed to assess whether the data are suitable to meet 

project objectives. 

The analytical results will be compared against Preliminary Remediation Goals (PRGs) 

established for the Superfund Site, and identified in the ROD (EPA, 2002) for the constituents 

analyzed or against published risk based contaminant levels published by the US EPA or State of 

New Mexico for industrial use areas. 

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5.0 REPORTING 

The findings of the surface soil sampling, shallow soil sampling and groundwater investigation 

will be summarized in a report and provided to GCC. This report will provide a summary of the 

investigation activities performed, identify any modifications to the scope or procedures outlined 

in this Work Plan, and present an evaluation of the analytical results relative to the site-specific 

PRGs or relevant industrial use standards for the constituents of concern. 

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6.0 REFERENCES 

TRC Environmental Corporation (TRC). 2001a. Remedial Investigation Report for the Former 

Tie Treating Facility, Final Report, Volume 1. Prepared for the Burlington Northern and 

Santa Fe Railway Company. July. 

TRC Environmental Corporation (TRC). 2001b. Soil Feasibility Study for the Former ATSF Tie 

Treating Facility, Albuquerque, New Mexico. Prepared for the Burlington Northern and 

Santa Fe Railway Company. July. 

United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 2002. Record of Decision AT&SF 

Albuquerque Superfund Site, Albuquerque, New Mexico. June.

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TABLES

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Table 1

Soil and Groundwater Sampling Requirements

AT SF Superfund Site

Albuquerque, New Mexico

Constituent Analytical Method Sample Container Preservative Hold

Surface Sampling (25 Locations)Metals (Arsenic, Lead, & Zinc) Method 6020 2 oz glass jar none 1BTEX Method 8021 4 oz glass jar none 1

TEPH - Diesel Range Method 8015 4 oz glass jar none 1

PAH's Method 8270 SIM 2 oz glass jar none 1

Shallow Subsurface Sampling (50 Locations, up to 2 samples per location)Metals (Arsenic & Zinc) Method 6020 2 oz glass jar none 1

SVOCs Method 8270 4 oz glass jar none 1

Groundwater Sampling (3 monitoring wells, 1 duplicate sample)Arsenic Method 6020 250 mil plastic filtered, pH<2 (HNO3) 6 Dissolved Nitrate/Nitrite as N Method 353.2 250 mil plastic filtered, pH<2 (H2SO4) 2BTEX Method 8021 40 mil VOA (2) pH<2 (HCL) 1

TEPH - Diesel Range Method 8015 1 liter amber none 7 

SVOC Method 8270 1 liter amber none 7 

Notes:All samples will be placed in chilled coolers immediately after sample collection.

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FIGURES

000019
Tie Treatment Facility

390 ft

~ 1200 ft

1750 ft

CLF-24

CLF-22

CLF-13

MW-5BMW-5c

MW-5A

MW-4A

MW-1A MW-1B

MW-2AMW-2B

MW-7B MW-7C

MW-6BMW-BA

MW-3A

MW-6B

MW-17aMW-17b

MW-21bMW-21a

MW-18aMW-18b

MW-13B MW-13A

MW-10B

MW-10A

MW-24B

MW-27C MW-23B MW-15b

MW-20b MW-20a MW-26C MW-19B

MW-25C MW-22B

MW-29CUMW-29CL

MW-28CLMW-28CU

MW-BA(R)

04-AUG-2006 N:\ARCPRJ2\010216\MXD\SAMPLEGRIDS.MXD

PROJECT: 01-0216 DATE: AUG 04, 2006

REV: 0 BY: CRL CHECKED: DLL

0 300 600

Feet

GCC RIO GRANDE, INC.

FIGURE 1

AT & SF SUPERFUND SITE

PROPOSED

SAMPLING

LOCATIONS

consulting scientists and engineers

MFG, Inc.

Legend

Railroad

Car Unloading Facility

Approximate AT&SF Site Boundary

Subject Property

Surface soil sampling grid (100 ft spacing; Sample 25% of nodes)

Roads_Proposed

Potential Shallow subsurface soil sampling location (90 ft Sample Grid)

Previous shallow borehole location

Borehole location where remediation was performed

Proposed monitoring well location

Existing Groundwater Monitoring Well

Aerial Photography: March 27, 2003

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APPENDIX A 

MFG Standard Operating Procedures 

000021
MFGSOPNo.2

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page I of7

MFG, Inc.

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE No.2

SAMPLE CUSTODY, PACKAGING AND SHIPMENT

1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICABILITY

This Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) describes the protocol to be followed for sample

custody, packaging and shipment. The procedures presented herein are intended to be general in

nature. If warranted, appropriate revisions may be made when approved in writing by the MFG

Project Manager.

This SOP applies to any liquid or solid sample that is being transported by the sampler, a courier

or an overnight delivery service.

2.0 PROCEDURES

The objectives ofthis packaging and shipping SOP are: to minimize the potential for sample

breakage, leakage or cross contamination; to provide for preservation at the proper temperature;

and to provide a clear record ofsample custody from collection to analysis.

2.1 Packaging Materials

The following is a list ofmaterials that will be needed to facilitate proper sample packaging:

X Chain-of-Custody Record forms (see Figure SOP-2-1);

X Coolers (insulated ice chests) or other shipping containers as appropriate to sample

type;

X Transparent packaging tape;

X Zip-lock type bags (note: this is used as a generic bag type, not a specific brand

name);

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Date: August 2000

Page 2 of7

X Protective wrapping and packaging material;

X Contained ice (packaged and sealed to prevent leakage when melted) or "Blue lee";

and

X Chain-of-Custody seals.

2.2 Sample Custody from Field Collection to Laboratory

After samples have been collected, they will be maintained under chain-of-custody procedures.

These procedures are used to document the transfer of custody ofthe samples from the field to

the designated analytical laboratory. The same chain-of-custody procedures will be used for the

transfer ofsamples from one laboratory to another, ifrequired.

The field sampling personnel will complete a Chain-of-Custody Record and Request for Analysis

form (CCIRA form, Figure SOP-2-1) for each separate container ofsamples to be shipped or

delivered to the laboratory for chemical or physical (geotechnical) analysis. Information

contained on the triplicate, carbonless form will include:

I. Project identification;

2. Date and time ofsampling;

3. Sample identification;

4. Sample matrix type;

5. Sample preservation methodes);

6. Number and types ofsample containers;

7. Sample hazards (if any);

8. Requested analysis(es);

9. Requested sample turnaround time;

10. Method ofshipment;

II. Carrier/waybill number (if any);

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MFG SOP NO.2

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Date: August 2000

Page 3 of?

12. Signature ofsampling personnel;

13. Name ofMFG Project Manager;

14. Signature, name and company ofthe person relinquishing and the person

receiving the samples when custody is being transferred;

15. Date and time ofsample custody transfer; and

16. Condition ofsamples upon receipt by laboratory.

The sample collector will cross out any blank space on the CCiRA form below the last sample

number listed on the part ofthe form where samples are listed. The samples will be carefully

packaged into shipping containers/ice chests.

The sampling personnel whose signature appears on the CCiRA form is responsible for the

custody of a sample from time of sample collection until the custody ofthe sample is transferred

to a designated laboratory, a courier, or to another MFG employee for the purpose oftransporting

a sample to the designated laboratory. A sample is considered to be in their custody when the

custodian: (I) has direct possession of it; (2) has plain view ofit; or (3) has securely locked it in

a restricted access area.

Custody is transferred when both parties to the transfer complete the portion ofthe CCiRA form

under "Relinquished by" and "Received by." Signatures, printed names, company names, and

date and time of custody transfer are required. Upon transfer of custody, the MFG sampling

personnel who relinquished the samples will retain the third sheet (pink copy) ofthe CCiRA

form. When the samples are shipped by a common carrier, a Bill of Lading supplied by the

carrier will be used to document the sample custody, and its identification number will be entered

on the CCiRA form, Receipts ofBills of Lading will be retained as part ofthe permanent

documentation in the MFG project file.

MFG, Inc.

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MFG SOP No. 2

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 4 of7

2.3 Sample Custody Within Laboratory

The designated laboratory will assume sample custody upon receipt of the samples and CCiRA

form. Sample custody within the analytical laboratory will be the responsibility of designated

laboratory personnel. The laboratory will document the transfer ofsample custody and receipt by

the laboratory by signing the correct portion ofthe CCiRA form. Upon receipt, the laboratory

sample custodian will note the condition ofthe samples, by checking the following items:

1. Agreement ofthe number, identification and description ofsamples received by

comparison with the information on the CCfRA form; and

2. Condition ofsamples (no air bubbles in VOA containers; any bottle breakage;

leakage, cooler temperatnre, etc.).

If any problems are discovered, tbe laboratory sample custodian will note this information on the

"Laboratory Comments/Condition of Samples" section ofthe CC/RA form, and will notify the

MFG sampling personnel or Project Manager immediately. The MFG Project Manager will

decide on the final disposition ofthe problem samples.

The laboratory will retain the second sheet (yellow copy) of the CCiRA form and return the first

sheet (white original) to MFG with the final laboratory report of analytical results. The original

ofthe CCfRA form will be retained as part ofthe permanent documentation in the MFG project

file.

A record ofthe history ofthe sample within the laboratory containing sample statns and storage

location information will be maintained in a logbook, or a computer sample tracking system, at

the laboratory. The following information will be recorded for every sample access event:

1. Sample identification;

2. Place ofstorage;

3. Date(s) and time(s) ofsample removal and return to storage;

4. Accessor's name and title;

5. Reason for access; and

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MFGSOP No.2

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 5 of?

6. Comments/observations (if any).

The laboratory will provide MFG with a copy ofthe logbook or computer file information

pertaining to a sample upon request.

2.4 Sample Custody During Inter-Laboratory Transfer

Ifsamples must be transferred from one laboratory to another, the same sample custody

procedures discussed above will be followed. The designated laboratory person (sample

custodian) will complete a CCIRA Record (MFG form or similar) and sign as the originator. The

laboratory relinquishing the sample custody will retain a copy ofthe completed form. The

laboratory receiving sample custody will sign the form, indicating transfer of custody, retain a

copy, and return the original record to MFG with the final laboratory report of analytical results.

The CCIRA Record will be retained as part ofthe permanent documentation in the MFG project

file.

2.5 Packaging and Shipping Procedure

Be sure that all sample containers are properly labeled and all samples have been logged on the

Chain-of-Custody Request for Analysis form (CClRA, SOP-2-1) in accordance with the

procedures explained above and in the MFG SOPs entitled WATER QUALiTY SAMPLiNG and

SOIUSEDIMENT SAMPLiNG FOR CHEMICAL ANAL YSIS.

All samples should be packed in the cooler so as to minimize the possibility of breakage, crosscontamination and leakage. Before placing the sample containers into the cooler, be sure to

check all sample bottle caps and tighten if necessary. Bottles made of breakable material (e.g.,

glass) should also be wrapped in protective material (e.g., bubble wrap. plastic gridding, or foam)

prior to placement in the cooler. Place each bottle or soil liner into two zip-lock bags to protect

from cross-contamination and to keep the sample labels dry. Place the sample containers upright

in the cooler. Avoid stacking glass sample bottles directly on top of each other.

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MFG SOP No. 2

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 6 of?

Ifrequired by the method, samples should be preserved to 4°C prior to the analysis. Water ice or

"blue ice" will be used to keep the sample temperatures at 4°C. The ice will be placed in two ziplock bags ifthe samples are to be transported by someone other than the MFG sampler (e.g., a

courier or overnight delivery service). Place the zip-lock bags of ice in between and on top ofthe

sample containers so as to maximize the contact between the containers and the bagged ice. Ifthe

MFG sampler is transporting the samples to the laboratory shortly after sample collection, the

water ice may be poured over and between the sample bottles in the cooler.

Ifthere is any remaining space at the top ofthe cooler, packing material (e.g., styrofoam pellets

or bubble wrap) should be placed to fill the balance ofthe cooler. After filling the cooler, close

the top and shake the cooler to verify that the contents are secure. Add additional packaging

material if necessary.

When transport to the laboratory by the MFG sampler is not feasible, sample shipment should

occur via courier or overnight express shipping service that guarantees shipment tracking and

next morning delivery (e.g., Federal Express Priority Overnight). In this case, place the chain-ofcustody records in a zip-lock bag and place the bag on top ofthe contents within the cooler. Tape

the cooler shut with packaging tape. Packaging tape should completely encircle the cooler, and a

chain-of-custody seal should be signed and placed across the packaging tape, and across at least

one ofthe opening points ofthe container.

Retain copies of all shipment records provided by the courier or overnight delivery service and

maintain in the project's file.

2.6 Documentation and Records Management

Daily Field Records or a field notebook with field notes will be kept describing the packaging

procedures and the method ofshipments. Copies of all shipping records and chain-of-custody

records will be retained in the project files.

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MFGSOPNo.2

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 70f7

3.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE

The Project Manager or designated QA reviewer will check and verify that documentation has

been completed and filed per this procedure.

MFG, Inc.

000028
MFG SOP No. 4

Rev. NO.1

Date: August 2000

Page I of7

MFG, Inc.

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE No.4

SUPERVISION OF EXPLORATORY BORINGS

1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICABILITY

This Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) describes the protocol to be followed duriug the

drilling and logging of exploratory borings by MFG. Exploratory borings (pilot holes) may be

drilled to obtain samples ofthe subsurface strata or to run borehole geophysical logs. Borings

will be either backfilled with grout or completed as monitoring wells or piezometers.

The procedures presented herein are intended to be general in nature. As site-specific conditions

become known, appropriate modifications to the procedures may be made when approved in

writing by the MFG Project Manager.

2.0 PROCEDURES

2.1 Drilling

For any site or drilling location, the selection of drilling methods will be based on: (I)

availability and cost ofthe method; (2) suitability for the type of geologic materials at the site

(e.g., consolidated, unconsolidated); and (3) potential effects on sample integrity (influence by

drilling fluids and potential for cross contamination between aquifers). Some commonly used

drilling methods include hollow-stem auger method, cone penetrometer testing (CPT) method,

direct-push geoprobe method, hydraulic rotary method, cable tool method, or casing-hammer air

rotary method. Synthetic polymer drilling fluid additive should be used only if a boring: (I) will

not be sampled for chemical analysis; (2) will not be completed as a monitoring well; or (3) if

cuttings return and/or borehole integrity cannot be achieved by any other method.

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000029
MFG SOP No. 4

Rev. NO.1

Date: August 2000

Page 2 on

Exploratory borings for monitoring wells and piezometers will be drilled in a manner that will

minimize the potential for cross contamination between aquifers. The actual depth of each

exploratory boring will be specified by the MFG field geologist assigned to the drill rig and will

be based on the intended use ofthe boring. No solvents or petroleum-based products will be used

for lubricating any drilling equipment (rods, bit, augers, mud pit, etc.) which will contact the

borehole or the drilling fluid. For air rotary drilling, an air filter will be installed between the air

compressor and the drill pipe to intercept oil droplets.

The drilling equipment in which fluid (including air) circulates, including drive samplers and bits,

will be thoroughly steam cleaned before and after drilling of each exploratory boring. Only

clean, potable water from a municipal supply will be used as makeup water for drilling fluid and

for decontamination of drilling equipment. An acid rinse (e.g., 0.1 N Hel) or solvent rinse (e.g.,

methanol or hexane) may be used to supplement these procedures iftarry or oily deposits are

encountered during drilling. Drilling equipment cleaned in this manner will be thoroughly steam

cleaned prior to reuse or leaving the site.

To ensure that the specified equipment has been provided by the drilling contractor, prior to

drilling the MFG field geologist will measure and record the outside diameter of the drill bit or

augers and, when using the hollow stem auger method, the inside diameter ofthe augers.

During drilling, the MFG field geologist may choose to periodically measure and record the depth

to water within the drill casing. The position ofthe lead drill casing will be recorded each time a

water level measurement is taken. When the total depth of a boring is reached, the water level

within the drill casing will be measured.

If the boring is to be completed as a monitoring well or a piezometer, the final borehole diameter

will be sufficiently large to allow placement of a specified type and size ofwell casing, screen

and filter pack. The MFG field geologist will measure and record the total depth ofthe final

borehole at the completion of drilling.

MFG, Inc.

000030
MFG SOP No. 4

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 3 of7

The MFG field geologist shall specify to the driller the penetration rate, depth ofsoil sample

collection, method ofsample retrieval, and any other matters which pertain to the satisfactory

completion ofthe exploratory borings.

Soil cuttings and drilling fluid generated during drilling should be temporarily stored in steel

dnnns or other approved containers. Final disposal ofthe soil cuttings and drilling fluid will be

conducted in accordance with all legal requirements and with procedures discussed in the MFG

SOP entitled STORAGE AND DISPOSAL OF SOIL, DRILLING FLUIDS, AND WATER

GENERATED DURING FIELD WORK.

2.2 Sampling and Logging

Representative samples of cores and/or drill cuttings may be obtained and evaluated. A detailed

lithologic log of these samples should be made.

Selected samples may be retained for further physical analysis. Soil samples may also be

obtained for chemical analysis. Sample collection and preservation for chemical analysis will be

in accordance with the MFG SOP entitled SOIL/SEDIMENT SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL

ANALYSIS. Selected samples that illustrate specific geologic features may be retained and shall

be labeled with boring number and appropriate sample interval.

2.2.1 Obtaining Samples

When samples are collected, they should be obtained by one or both ofthe following methods

described below.

A. Coring -- Cores will be collected from selected intervals ofthe exploratory borings. Core

barrels, Pitcher tubes, modified California drive samplers or other split-spoon drive

samplers will be used to obtain the soil cores. The MFG field geologist will carefully

record on a boring log information which applies to the coring, such as rate of

penetration, coring smoothness, core recovery, intervals ofcore loss, zones oflost

MFG, Inc.

000031
MFG SOP No.4

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 4 of7

circulation of drilling fluid, hammer weight, drop length and blow counts, as appropriate

to the drilling method.

Cores may be retained for future examination and/or preserved for chemical or

geotechnical analysis. Ifthey are retained, the cores will be stored and labeled to show

project, boring number, date, and cored interval.

B. Collecting Cuttings -- The MFG field geologist may collect cuttings from the drilling

return fluid, airreturn from a cyclone separator, or the auger blade for every five-foot (or

more frequent) increment of the exploratory boreholes. Sampling and logging should be

performed in accordance with the following procedures (Note: Items 2 through 6 do not

apply to drilling methods that do not use a drilling fluid, e.g., hollow stem auger, push

point sampler, etc.):

1. The height ofthe drilling table above ground surface, lengths ofthe drill bit, sub and

drill collars, and length of drill rods or augers should be taken into account in

calculating the depth ofpenetration.

2. A small-diameter, fine-mesh hand screen or a shovel may be used to obtain a sample

ofthe cuttings from the boring by holding the sampling device directly in the flow of

the drilling return fluid or cyclone separator.

3. A sample will be obtained from the drilling return fluid or cyclone separator by

leaving the sampling device in place only for the brief period required to collect an

adequate sampling volume.

4. The most representative cuttings samples are usually obtained whenever the driller

stops advancing the hole and circulates drilling fluid or air prior to adding another

joint ofdrill rod.

5. Keep in mind that the deeper the hole, the longer cuttings at the drill bit take to reach

the surface. The travel time for cuttings to reach the surface may be estimated each

time the driller adds a new length of drill rod by timing the first arrival of cuttings

after fluid or air circulation is resumed. This travel time should be used along with

the depth ofpenetration to estimate the start and finish of each sampling interval.

6. In hydranlic rotary drilling, carefully wash the cutting sample in a bucket offresh

water by slowly shaking the screen while the sample is submerged, to wash away the

drilling fluid.

7. For all drilling methods, place the cutting samples on a sampling table, labeled in

consecutive order. Ifthe sample is to be retained, place the sample in a plastic or

cloth sample bag labeled with the boring number and sample interval. The retained

samples will later be used during preparation of a detailed lithologic log.

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MFGSOP No.4

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 5 on

2.3 Logging of Boreholes

The drill-rig operator and the MFG field geologist should discuss significant changes in material

penetrated by the drill bit, changes in drilling conditions, hydraulic pressure, drilling action, and

drilling fluid circulation rate. The MFG field geologist will be present during drilling of

exploratory borings and will observe and record such changes by time and depth. When using a

drilling method that does not involve the use ofa wet drilling fluid, the MFG field geologist will

evaluate the relative moisture content of the samples and note zones that produce water. The

MFG field geologist will record such field notes to use later in preparing a detailed lithologic log.

Core samples and selected cuttings that are collected and retained during the drilling ofthe

exploratory borings shall be examined to evaluate the lithologic properties. A detailed lithologic

log for the exploratory borings shall be completed using MFG's Log of Boring by Cuttings

(Figure SOP-4-1) or Field Log of Borehole by Coring (Figure SOP-4-2). The lithologic

description ofthe log should include soil or rock type, color, grain size, texture, hardness, degree

of induration, calcareous content, indications of contamination, and other pertinent information.

Color should be described using the Munsell Color Chart. Soil type should be described using

the Unified Soil Classification System. When the Field Log of Borehole by Coring form is used,

it shall include the method ofsample collection (coring, cuttings) and the sample collection

interval (Figure SOP-4-2), if any samples are collected.

2.4 Geophysical Logs

The MFG SOP entitled GEOPHYSICAL LOGGING discusses in detail the steps to be followed

when performing geophysical logs of exploratory borings. Geophysical logging will be

performed generally in uncased, fluid-filled boreholes. Following completion ofthe drilling,

spontaneous potential, single-point resistance, lateral resistivity, natural gamma or other logs may

be made for each exploratory boring immediately after the drilling fluid has been circulated to

remove all ofthe cuttings. When performed, geophysical logging shall be done as quickly and

efficiently as possible, while the wall ofthe borehole is in good condition, to minimize the

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MFG SOP No. 4

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 6 of?

possibility oftrapping or entangling the downhole probes. Instruments on the logging unit should

be adjusted to give the maximum definition ofstrata boundaries.

2.5 Sealing and Abandonment

For borings (pilot holes) not used to install a monitoring well andlor piezometer, the exploratory

borings will be abandoned by sealing the hole with cement grout or other approved sealing

agents. The MFG field geologist shall inspect the grout for adequate mixing prior to placement in

the borehole.

If the borehole is dry and is less than 10-feet deep, the grout or other approved sealant may be

poured slowly from the ground surface into the borehole. The grout should be added in one

continuous pour before its initial set. Ifthe borehole is greater than lO-feet deep, or if more than

2-feet of water is present in the borehole, the grout should be placed in one continuous pour by

pumping through a tremie hose or pipe. The tremie hose or pipe initially shall be placed near the

bottom ofthe bore hole and shall remain submerged in the grout during the entire grouting

operation. Grout will continue to be pumped until return of fresh grout (uncontaminated by

drilling fluid) is witnessed at the ground surface.

The preferred grout mix is one (1) sack ofType I-II Portland cement, five (5) percent by weight

of powdered bentonite, per 8.5 gallons of water. Ifa high-yield bentonite grout (trade names

Quik-Gel, Super Gel X, etc.) is used, the powdered bentonite percentage should be reduced to

two (2) percent. The grout mixture may be modified to meet local regulations or site-specific

conditions or specifications.

2.6 Docnmentation and Records Management

Field notes recorded by the MFG field geologist during the drilling of each exploratory boring

shall be transferred to the log forrns (Figures SOP-4-1 and SOP-4-2). The original logs shall be

sent to the MFG office and placed in the MFG project file. A copy ofthe logs will be retained in

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MFG SOP No. 4

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

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the field file for the project. For preparation ofthe report, data from the field boring logs may

also be transferred to another format.

3.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE

Field notes and field forms completed by the field geologist shall be reviewed by the field

supervisor and the MFG Project Manager or other designated QA officer before they are placed

into project files. Deviation from this SOP or a project-specific work plan shall be identified and

described in field notes. The QA review will be recorded on the reviewed originals by initials of

reviewer and date.

MFG, Inc.

000035
MFG SOP No. 6

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page I of7

MFG, Inc.

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE No.6

INSTALLATION OF MONITORING WELLS AND PIEZOMETERS

1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICABILITY

This Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) describes the protocol to be followed during

installation ofmonitoring wells and piezometers by MFG, Inc. The procedures presented herein

are intended to be general in nature. As site-specific conditions become known, appropriate

modifications of the procedures may be made when approved in writing by the MFG Project

Manager.

2.0 PROCEDURES

2.I Monitoring Well Installation

Each monitoring well will be designed to register the potentiometric surface and to permit water

sampling of a specific depth zone encountered beneath the drill site. Separate monitoring wells

may be completed, as necessary, in the different water-yielding zones underlying the site. The

MFG field geologist, in consultation with the MFG Project Manager, will specify the exact depths

ofscreened intervals using the lithologic log and geophysical log (ifperfonned) for control.

Drilling and logging ofthe exploratory borings for the monitoring wells will be conducted in

accordance with the MFG SOP entitled SUPERVISION OF EXPLORATORY BORINGS.

Construction and completion of all monitoring wells will be in general conformance with the

following procedures. Specific monitoring well completion requirements may vary in accordance

with project-specific work plans and/or local regulatory agency guidance.

MFG, Inc.

000036
MFG SOP No. 6

Rev. No.1

Date: August 2000

Page 2 of7

2.1.1 Screens and Riser Casing

The monitoring well assembly shall consist of flush joint, threaded casing composed ofmild

steel, stainless steel or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Schedule 40 (minimum). The threaded joints

will have O-ring seals. Steel casing joints may be welded rather than threaded. The inside

diameter of both the perforated and unperforated casing will be sufficiently large to permit easy

passage of an appropriate water-level probe, equipment for development and purging of wells,

and for collection of groundwater samples.

The perforated casing (well screen) will be factory slotted. The perforations will be compatible in

size with the selected filter material. These perforated casing sections are generally not intended

to provide optimum flow but only to provide hydraulic connection between the pervious material

in the water-yielding zone and the monitoring well.

Prior to well construction, the MFG field geologist will inspect the blank and perforated casing

delivered to the job site to verify that it meets the project specifications.

When the total depth of a boring has been reached, and prior to installation ofthe well casing, the

MFG field geologist will measure and record the depth to water in the borehole.

Upon completion of drilling andlorgeophysical logging, the monitoring well casing and screen

will be assembled and lowered to the bottom ofthe boring. The monitoring well assembly will be

designed so that the well screen is approximately adjacent to the water-yielding zone that is to be

monitored. The bottom ofthe screen will be approximately flush with the bottom of the well and

will be closed with a threaded PVC cap or plug, or a slip cap secured with stainless steel screws.

No PVC cement or other solvents are permitted to be used to fasten the joints ofthe casing or

screen. Centralizers spaced at the top and bottom ofthe screened interval and not more than 40

feet apart along the casing may be used to center the well assembly in the borehole, unless the

boring is drilled by a low annular space method and the well is installed with the drill casing in

place. Wells installed prior to pulling low annular space drill casing will be centered by the

inside walls ofthe drill casing.

MFG, Inc.

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MFGSOPNo.6

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 3 of7

Ifwell casing assembly is being performed by a drilling subcontractor, the MFG field geologist

will observe and inspect the assembly, insuring that the bottom cap is threaded or secured with

stainless steel screws, Osrings are properly placed in the joints, the joints are completely

tightened, and the blank and perforated intervals are constructed as specified. The MFG field

geologist will measure the location ofthe top and bottom ofthe perforated interval by measuring

the distances from the joint above the perforated interval to the top slot and from the base ofthe

bottom cap to the bottom slot.

When using the mud rotary drilling technique, after the monitoring well assembly has been

lowered to the specified depth, clean water may be circulated downward through the well casing

and upward through the annular space between the borehole wall and the monitoring well casing.

Circulation will continue until the suspended sediment in the return fluid has been thinned.

Ifthe well is greater than 50 feet deep, the casing assembly will be held under tension prior to and

during emplacement ofthe filter pack and seal.

2.1.2 Filter Material

Filter material will be a well-graded, clean sand with less than 2 percent by weight passing a No.

200 sieve and less than 5 percent by weight of calcareous material.

Filter sand will be tremied into the annular space using a one-inch diameter (or larger) pipe, in a

calculated quantity sufficient to fill the annular space to a level of about two feet above the top of

the perforated casing. The required height of the filter pack above the top ofthe perforated casing

may vary by jurisdiction. The depth to the top ofthe filter pack must be verified by measuring,

using the tremie pipe or a weighted steel tape. When use of a tremie pipe is not feasible, the filter

sand may be poured slowly between the well casing and the inside walls ofthe auger, and the

drill casing may be removed in stages.

MFG, Inc.

000038
MFG SOP No.6

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 4 of7

2.1.3 Seal

Once the depth to the top ofthe filter pack has been verified, a layer of bentonite pellets will be

emplaced by pouring the pellets into the annular space in a calculated quantity sufficient to fill the

annular space to a level at least one foot above the top ofthe filter pack. The depth to the top of

the bentonite pellets layer must be verified by measuring, using the tremie pipe or a weighted

steel tape. When the bentonite pellets are placed above the zone ofsaturation, they will be

hydrated, after they have been emplaced, by adding clean, potable municipal water.

Approximately 3 gallons ofwater should be added for every foot ofbentonite pellets. More

water may be required when completing a well in relatively permeable material. The bentonite

pellets will be hydrated in lifts no greater than 3 feet.

A bentonite/cement grout seal or other approved sealant will be emplaced above the bentonite

pellet layer after it has been allowed to hydrate for a minimum ofY, hour. Ifthe depth to the top

ofthe bentonite pellet layer is dry and is less than 10 feet deep, the grout may be poured slowly

from the ground surface into the annular space. The grout should be added in one continuous

pour before its initial set. Ifthe depth is greater than 10 feet deep, or ifmore than two feet of

water is present in the annular space, the grout should be placed in one continuous pour by

pumping through a tremie hose or pipe. The tremie hose or pipe initially shall be placed near the

top ofthe bentonite seal and shall remain submerged in the grout during the entire grouting

operation. When constructing a well or piezometer inside a low annular space drill casing, the

drill casing may be used as a tremie pipe by pouring the grout down the annular space between

the well casing and the inner wall ofthe drill casing. Grout will continue to be pumped until

return of fresh grout is witnessed at the ground surface.

The bentonite/cement grout mix should be one (I) sack ofType I-II Portland cement, five (5)

percent by weight (of cement) of powdered bentonite, per 8.5 gallons of water. If a high-yield

bentonite (trade names Quik-Gel, Super Gel X, etc.) is used, the powdered bentonite percentage

should be reduced to two (2) percent. An alternative grout mixture may be used if approved by

the applicable regulatory agency and the MFG Project Manager. Only clean water from a

municipal supply will be used to prepare the grout. The grout seal will extend from the top ofthe

MFG, Inc.

000039
MFG SOP No. 6

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 5 of?

bentonite pellet layer to near the ground surface. After grouting, no work will be done on the

monitoring well until the grout has set for a minimum of 24 hours.

When the casing hammer air rotary or similar method is used to complete the borehole for a

monitoring well, the protective casing will be jacked out ofthe borehole gradually as the filter

pack, bentonite pellets, and cementing operations are in progress.

2.1.4 Capping Monitoring Well

Upon completion ofthe work, a suitable watertight, cap or plug will be fitted on the top ofthe

well casing to prevent the entry ofsurface runoff or foreign matter. The well will be completed

either: (I) above the ground surface using a locking, steel protective well cover set in concrete;

or (2) below the ground surface using a watertight, traffic-rated valve-box with a bolt-down

cover. The cover of the valve box will be stamped or cast with "Monitoring Well."

2.2 Piezometer Installation

The piezometer will be designed to register the potentiometric surface of a specific depth zone

encountered beneath the drill site. The MFG field geologist, in consultation with the MFG

Project Manager, will specify the exact depths ofthe piezometers using the lithologic log and

geophysical log (if performed) for control. Drilling and logging ofthe boreholes for the

piezometers will be in conformance with the MFG SOP entitled SUPERVISION OF

EXPLORATORY BORINGS. Construction, completion and development ofthe piezometers

will generally follow the same procedures as those for monitoring wells (see Section 2.0 above),

except that a piezometer may be completed with casing material of less than two inches in

diameter and may use a porous tip (ceramic or other material) in place of perforated casing.

MFG, Inc.

000040
MFGSOPNo.6

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 6 of7

2.3 Documentation and Records Management

The MFG field geologist will complete a Well Construction Summary form for each monitoring

well (Figure SOP-6-1). The completed form will be submitted to the MFG Project Manager and

included in the project files. In addition to the information requested on the Well Construction

Summary form, the MFG field geologist will record the volumes and types of well construction

materials (filter material, bentonite, cement, etc.) used for each well in their field notes. Also, the

daily events and other items not covered in the Well Construction Summary form will be entered

on a Daily Field Record form in accordance with the procedures contained in the MFG SOP

entitled FIELD DOCUMENTATION.

3.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL

3.1 Cleaning of Equipment Used in Drilling, Well Construction

The drilling equipment will be thoroughly steam cleaned before and after installation of each

monitoring well or piezometer. Only clean, potable water from a municipal supply will be used

as makeup water for drilling fluid and for decontamination of drilling equipment. An acid rinse

(0.1 N HCI) or solvent rinse (i.e., hexane or methanol) may be used to supplement the steam

cleaning iftarry or oily deposits are encountered. Equipment cleaned in this manner will be

thoroughly steam cleaned prior to reuse or leaving the site.

Well casing that is not factory cleaned and in a sealed container will be steam cleaned thoroughly

before it is installed. This cleaning is particularly critical to prevent cross contamination in a

multi-aquifer environment. After cleaning, the casing will be covered with plastic to protect it

from contact with dust or other contaminants.

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MFGSOPNo.6

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 7 of7

Equipment will be cleaned by scrubbing with a stiff brush using a laboratory-grade

detergent/water solution, followed by rinsing with clean, potable, municipal water, then rinsing

with distilled or deionized water. Alternatively, the equipment may be steam cleaned followed by

rinsing with distilled or deionized water. An acid rinse (0.1 N Hel) or solvent rinse (i.e., hexane

or methanol) may be used to supplement these cleaning steps iftarry or oily deposits are

encountered. The acid or solvent rinse will be followed by thoroughly rinsing with municipal

water and then with distilled or deionized water. After cleaning, equipment will be packaged and

sealed in plastic bags or other appropriate containers to minimize contact with dust or other

contaminants.

3.2 Records Review

The Project Manager or designated QA reviewer will check and verify that documentation has

been completed and filed per this procedure.

MFG, Inc.

000042
MFGSOPNo.9

Rev. No.1

Date: August 2000

Page I of5

MFG, Inc.

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE No.9

SOIL AND SEDIMENT SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS

1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICABILITY

This Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) describes the protocols to be followed when soil and

sediment samples are collected for physical or chemical analysis. The procedures presented

herein apply to: soil sampling from the surface, soil sampling when drilling boreholes, and

sediment sampling from surface waters, wetlands, drainage structures, etc. These procedures are

intended to be general in nature. Appropriate revisions may be made when approved in writing

by the MFG Project Manager to address site-specific conditions or project-specific protocols.

2.0 PROCEDURES

2.1 Surface Soil and Sediment Sample Collection

This section describes sampling ofsoils and sediment from near the land surface, including the

bottom or sides of an excavation and the bottom of a surface water drainage course. The

collected samples will be placed in appropriate sample containers, as designated by the

laboratory, for the parameters to be analyzed.

2.1.1 Surface Soil Sampling

Soil will be removed using a spade and, if necessary, a post-hole digger to the top ofthe targeted

sampling interval.

MFG, Inc.

000043
MFG SOP No.9

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 2 of5

A. Direct Sampling Method -- A stainless-steel or, as appropriate, plastic instrument

(trowel, scoop) will be used to recover the sample directly into appropriate containers

provided by the analytical laboratory.

B. Manual Core Sampler Method -- A slide-hammer core sampler with brass or stainless

steel liners may be used to recover a relatively undisturbed core sample. Extension

sections may be added to reach deeper sampling intervals. This method is

recommended for samples that will be analyzed for volatile organic compounds.

C. Hand Auger Method -- A hand auger with stainless-steel auger and sampler sections

may be used to advance and sample the boring. Extension sections may be added to

reach deeper sample intervals.

2.1.2 Sampling Sediment in a Surface Water Course

Sediment in a surface water course with little or no free water may be sampled by directly

scooping the sample with a stainless steel or, as appropriate, plastic instrument (trowel, scoop).

All sediments, including sediment submerged under water, may be sampled by the following

methods:

A. Direct Sampling Method -- Fluid sediment may be collected directly using the sample

container. Ifsampled under water, the container will be capped in place to avoid

disturbance while surfacing.

B. Manual Core Sampler Method -- A slide-hammer core sampler with brass or stainless

steel liners may be used to recover a relatively undisturbed core sample ofthe

sediment. An extension section may be added to reach sediment intervals in deeper

waters.

C. Remote Scoop Method -- A sampling cup or container attached to a pole may be used

to collect a sediment sample in deeper water or where a longer reach is needed.

D. Bottom Sampling Dredge Method -- A sampling dredge attached to a cable also may be

used to recover sediment samples in deeper waters.

2.2 Sample Collection During the Drilling of Borings

During borehole drilling, core samples may be collected for chemical analysis by lining the core

barrel or drive sampler with clean brass or stainless steel liners. The procedures for obtaining soil

MFG, Inc.

000044
MFGSOPNo.9

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 3 of5

cores are discussed in the MFG SOP entitled SUPERVISION OF EXPLORATORY BORINGS.

The drive sampler or core barrel will be steam cleaned or washed with a laboratory-grade

detergent and water solution to remove dirt, rinsed with tap water, and then rinsed with distilled

or deionized water prior to and between sampling. Upon disassembly ofthe soil sampler by the

drilling contractor, the MFG field geologist will take possession of the core. The core will be

parted at the joints between the liners using a clean, sharp, stainless steel knife or spatula or

similar implement. The most representative liner(s) in the drive sampler will be preserved for

chemical analysis.

2.3 Sample Preservation

The soil or sediment sample will be quickly inspected for color, appearance, and composition,

then capped immediately. If brass or stainless steel liners are used, the ends ofthe tube will be

covered with Teflon® sheeting and then capped with clean polyethylene slip caps. The capped

ends will be sealed with duct tape. The sample will be placed in a plastic, ziplock bag and stored

(in an ice-cooled, insulated chest, if necessary) until delivery to the laboratory.

2.4 Sample Labeling

The sample container will be labeled with self-adhesive tags. Each sample will be labeled with

the following information in waterproof ink:

A. Project identification;

B. Sample identification;

C. Date and time sample was obtained;

D. Sample Depth Interval (feet below ground level); and

E. First initial and last name ofsample collector(s).

MFG, Inc.

000045
MFG SOP No.9

Rev. NO.1

Date: August 2000

Page 4 of5

2.5 Documentation and Record Management

2.5.1 Daily Field Record

An MFG field representative will document the activities of each day of field work

chronologically in accordance with the procedures contained in the MFG SOP entitled FIELD

DOCUMENTATION. For soil sampling. the Daily Field Record (included in the MFG SOP

entitled FIELD DOCUMENTAnON) or field notebook entries should include the following

items:

A. Decontamination Record: Decontamination method, source of tap water or

deionized water, type of detergent or other cleaning agent;

B. Sample Inventory Record: Sample identification, location, date and time of

sampling, sample depth interval, analyses requested and analysis methods;

C. Sampling Location Map: Surface soil sampling only, include scale, orientation,

sample locations tied into a permanent reference point and sample identifications;

and

D. Sampling Equipment Record: Description ofsampling methodology and

equipment including unique equipment identification, if available.

Copies ofthese records will be placed in the project files. Sample location and depth information

should also be included in any electronic database maintained for the project.

2.5.2 Log of Boring Activity

The depth intervals ofthe soil samples collected for chemical analysis, the sampling date and

times, and the sample identifications will be documented by the MFG field geologist on the Log

of Boring forms (included in the MFG SOP entitled SUPERVISION OF EXPLORATORY

BORINGS) in the portion ofthe boring log corresponding to the sample interval. The original

Log of Boring will be submitted to the MFG Project Manager upon completion ofthe borehole

for placement in the MFG project file.

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000046
MFG SOP No.9

Rev. No.1

Date: August 2000

Page 5 of5

2.5.3 Sample Custody

A Chain-of-Custody and Request for Analysis (CC/RA) form will be filled out for every

sampling event or shipment, whichever is more frequent. Sample custody procedures and CC/RA

form are discussed in the MFG SOP entitled SAMPLE CUSTODY, PACKAGING AND

SHIPMENT.

3.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL

3.1 Equipment Cleaning

The sampler, liners, polyethylene end caps, parting knife, and any tools used in the assembly and

disassembly ofthe sampler will be cleaned before and after each use. Equipment will be cleaned

by scrubbing with a stiff brush using a laboratory-grade detergent/water solution, followed by

rinsing with clean, potable. municipal water, then rinsing with distilled or deionized water.

Alternatively, the equipment may be steam cleaned followed by rinsing with distilled or

deionized water. An acid rinse (0.1 N HCI) or solvent rinse (i.e., hexane or methanol) may be

used to supplement these cleaning steps iftarry or oily deposits are encountered. The acid or

solvent rinse will be followed by thoroughly rinsing with municipal water and then with distilled

or deionized water. After cleaning, equipment will be packaged and sealed in plastic bags or

other appropriate containers to minimize contact with dust or other contaminants.

3.2 Record Review

The project manager or designated QA reviewer will check and verify that documentation has

been completed and filed per this procedure and the other procedures referenced herein.

MFG, Inc.

000047
MFG SOP No. 12

Rev. NO.1

Date: August 2000

Page 1 of 11

MFG, Inc.

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE No. 12

WATER QUALITY SAMPLING

1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICABILITY

This Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) describes the protocol to be followed during sampling

ofsurface water, groundwater, stormwater or waste water. Note that the protocol for collection of

non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) samples from monitoring wells is provided in the MFG, Inc.

(MFG) SOP entitled WATER LEVEL, IMMISC18LE LAYER AND WELL DEPTH

MEASUREMENT. The procedures presented herein are intended to be general in nature.

Appropriate revisions may be made to accommodate site-specific conditions or project-specific

protocols when they are approved in writing by the MFG Project Manager or detailed in a project

work plan, sampling plan or quality assurance project plan.

2.0 PROCEDURES

2.I Groundwater Sample Collection

Individual samples from wells will be collected as follows:

A. The depth to water, the thickness or presence of a Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid

(NAPL) in a well and the total depth will be measured using the procedures discussed

in the MFG SOP entitled WATER LEVEL, IMMISC18LE LAYER AND WELL

DEPTH MEASUREMENT.

B. A positive displacement pump, submersible pump, and/or bailer will be used for

removing the groundwater in the monitoring wells (purging). Equipment used for

purging and sampling may be permanently installed (dedicated) in the monitoring

wells. Care must be taken that bailers and/or tubing are constructed from materials

that will not affect the sample analyses.

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MFG SOP No. 12

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 2 of II

C. Wells will be pumped or bailed at least until the volume of water removed is equal to

three casing volumes (volume ofstanding water in the well based upon total depth of

well, the depth to water, and the well casing diameter). The purge rate must not

reach a point where the recharge water is entering the well in an agitated manner. To

assure that the water samples are representative ofthe water-yielding zone, periodic

measurements ofthe temperature, pH, and specific conductance will be made. The

sample will be collected only when the temperature, pH and specific conductance

reach a relatively constant value (see Section 2.8) or after five well volumes have

been removed. Ifthe yield ofthe well is low such that it can be bailed or pumped

dry, then the recharged groundwater in the well will be considered representative

regardless ofthe number of casing volumes of groundwater removed, since all

standing water in the well has been replaced by recharge from the water-yielding

zone. If a well is purged dry, the well can be sampled upon 90% recovery or after

two hours, whichever occurs first.

D. For specific projects, a low-flow purge method or "micopurge" method may be used

for sample collection. Wells will be purged at a low pumping rate to minimize

agitation of water in the well and minimize drawdown. The goal is to limit

drawdown in the well to less than 10 percent ofthe length ofthe saturated well

screen. Ifthe initial water level is above the top ofthe screen, then the goal is to limit

drawdown due to purging so that the water level in the well does not drop below the

top of the screened interval. Wells will be purged by pumping water at a rate less

than 250 mL per minute. Bailers will not be used for purging ofsampling wells.

E. A sample drawn from plumbing on municipal or domestic wells will be taken at the

access valve closest to the well and upstream of any water softening or chlorination

input.

F. Prior to collecting samples from a well, a clean plastic apron will be placed adjacent

to or around the well to prevent equipment and sample containers from coming into

contact with surface materials. Alternatively, a clean field table may be set up near

the well. If used, the table will be cleaned (Section 6.0) before and after use at each

well.

G. Sample containers prepared specifically for the required analyses by the analytical

laboratory or their supplier will be used for sample collection. Samples for volatile

organic compound analyses will be collected first. To collect a sample in a volatile

organic analysis (VOA) vial, remove the cap with Teflon-lined septum, then fill

slowly (avoiding agitation) until a miniscus ofsample water (held by surface tension)

extends above the top ofthe vial. Carefully replace the cap, then turn the vial upside

down and tap gently while checking to ensure that no headspace (air bubhles) is

present in the vial.

Other glass sample bottles for semi- and non-volatile analyses should be filled to near

the top. To account for slight expansion due to temperature changes, leave headspace

approximately equivalent to the volume ofliquid which would fill the bottle's cap.

Plastic sample bottles should be filled completely. Splashing ofthe water in the

sample container and exposure to the atmosphere shall be minimized during

MFG, Inc.

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MFG SOP No. 12

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 3 of II

sampling. The container cap will be screwed on tightly immediately after filling the

sample container. Sample filtration, if necessary, is discussed in Section 2.4 ofthis

SOP.

Sample bottles that do not contain preservative should be rinsed with the sample

water prior to filling.

H. Where more than one well within a specific field or site is to be sampled, the

sampling sequence should begin with the well having the lowest suspected level of

contamination. Successive samples should be obtained from wells with increasing

suspected contamination. Ifthe relative degree ofsuspected contamination at each

well cannot be reasonably assumed, sampling should proceed from the perimeter of

the site towards the center ofthe site. The sampling sequence should be arranged

such that wells are sampled in order ofincreasing proximity to the suspected source

of contamination, starting from the wells up-gradient ofthe suspected source.

I. Sampling activity for each monitoring well will be recorded on a Groundwater

Sampling Record (example attached).

2.2 Surface Water Sample Collection

Individual samples from surface water sampling stations will be collected as follows:

A. Where multiple sampling stations exist along a moving water source (i.e., a creek or

drainage channel), the downstream station will be sampled first. A moving water

sample will be taken from the portion ofthe water with maximum flow at any given

sampling station unless otherwise specified. If the sampling point is inaccessible

from shore, the sampling personnel will enter the water from a point downstream of

the sampling point, taking care not to disturb the water.

B. A standing water sample will be taken at a point in the body of water at least three

feet from the shore, if possible, or unless otherwise specified.

C. A surface water sample will be collected according to one ofthe following, or

similar, techniques.

I. Direct Method -- Sample bottle is inverted, submerged to the specified depth,

turned upright, removed from the water, and then capped. Add preservative, if

any, after sample collection.

2. Dipper Method -- Sample bottle or container attached to a pole is dipped in the

water, raised above the water, and then capped (if actual sample bottle used).

MFG, Inc.

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MFG SOP No. 12

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 4 of 11

3. Bailer Method -- A appropriate sampling bailer with a ball check valve is submerged to the desired sample depth, either directly or by suspending the bailer

on a rope from a pole.

4. Syringe Method (for very shallow water) -- A disposable plastic filtering

syringe may be used to collect very shallow surface water without disturbing

the sediment. The syringe will be disposed of after each use.

5. Peristaltic Pump Method -- The sample is collected through a section of new,

clean, flexible Tygon (polyvinylchloride) tubing. The tubing intake will be

secured manually or by attaching weights. This procedure may be modified to

collect the sample through a Teflon tube into a sample flask by running the

pump on a vacuum.

D. The first collected water will be used to rinse the sampling equipment. Sample

bottles that do not contain preservative should be rinsed with the sample water prior

to filling. Subsequent water collected will be used to fill the analytical sample bottles

until all bottles are filled. Field measurement of parameters will be taken once for

each sampling station. Field parameters (pH, specific conductance, temperature,

odor, turbidity, and/or sediment) will be measured from a separate container

(instruments will not contact the analytical samples).

E. A stake or pole identifying the sampling station should be placed at or near the

sampling station for future identification ofthe location. MFG personnel will record

a briefdescription ofthe stake or pole location in relation to permanent landmarks,

and the sampling location in relation to the stake or pole (example: stake is

approximately 100 feet west along Markley Creek from Somersville Road, on northside shore. Sampling point is 25 feet south ofstake, in middle of Markley Creek).

MFG personnel will include a sketch map of the sampling station in the Surface

Water Sampling Record (example attached).

2.3 Sample Filtration

When required, a field-filtered water sample will be collected using a disposable, in-line 0.45 fun

filter. The water sample will be pumped through the filter using a peristaltic pump and a section

ofTygon (polyvinylchloride) tubing or other appropriate method. An aliquot of approximately

100 ml ofsample will be run through the tubing and filter prior to collection into the sampling

containers. Both the filter and tubing will be disposed of between samples.

MFG,lnc.

000051
MFG SOP No. 12

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 5 of 11

2.4 Sample Containers and Volumes

The sample containers will be appropriate to the analytical method and will be obtained from the

water analysis laboratory or other approved source. Different containers will be required for

specific groups of analytes in accordance with U.S. EPA Methods, project-specific requirements,

and/or other local jurisdictional guidance. The MFG sampler will confirm with the laboratory

performing the analyses that appropriate bottleware and preservatives are used and ensure that a

sufficient volume ofsample is collected.

2.5 Sample Labeling

Sample containers will be labeled with self-adhesive tags. Each sample will be labeled with the

following information using waterproof ink.

A. Project identification;

B. Sample identification;

C. Date and time samples were obtained;

D. Requested analyses and method;

E. Treatment (preservative added, filtered, etc.); and

F. Initials ofsample collector(s).

2.6 Sample Preservation and Storage

Ifrequired by the project or analytical method, water samples submitted for chemical analysis

will be stored at 4'C in ice-cooled, insulated containers immediately after collection.

Preservation and storage methods depend on the chemical constituents to be analyzed and should

be discussed with the water analysis laboratory prior to sample collection. EPA and/or other local

jurisdictional requirements and/or the requirements of a project-specific plan (e.g., sampling and

MFG, Inc.

000052
MFG SOP No. 12

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 6 of II

analysis plan, work plan, quality assurance project plan, etc.) shall be adhered to in preservation

and storage ofwater samples.

2.7 Sample Custody

Samples shall be handled and transported according to the sample custody procedures discussed

in the MFG SOP entitled SAMPLE CUSTODY. The sample collector shall document each

sample on the Chain-of-Custody and Request for Analysis form (Figure SOP-2-l).

2.8 Field Measurements

Specific conductance, pH, and temperature measurements may be performed on water samples at

the time ofsample collection. Data obtained from these (or other) field water quality

measurements will be recorded on the appropriate sampling records. Separate aliquots ofwater

shall be used to make field measurements (i.e., sample containers for laboratory analysis shall not

be reopened).

For groundwater samples, field measurement intervals will be calculated based upon the casing

volume ofthe monitoring well so that at least four readings will be taken during the course of

purging the target volume from the well (at least three casing volumes). Note that the target

volume criteria does not apply ifthe well is purged dry. Ifthe parameters have not stabilized

after the target volume is removed from the well, field measurements and purging will continue

until two consecutive readings have stabilized to within the following limits or until five casing

volumes have been removed:

Specific conductauce+/-I 0%

pH +/-0.05 pH units

temperature+/-I EC

For surface water sampling, the parameters will be measured once and recorded.

MFG, Inc.

000053
MFG SOP No. 12

Rev. No.1

Date: August 2000

Page 7 of II

2.8.1 Temperature Measurement

Temperature will be measured directly from the water source or from a separate sample aliquot.

Temperature measurements will be made with a mercury-filled thermometer, bimetallic-element

thermometer, or electronic thermistor. All measurements will be recorded in degrees Celsius

2.8.2 pH Measurement

A pH measurement will be made by dipping the probe directly into the water source or into a

separate sample aliquot. Prior to measurement, the container in which the field parameter sample

will be collected will be acclimated to the approximate temperature ofthe sample. This can be

accomplished by immersing the container in water removed from a well during the purging

process. The pH measurement will be made as soon as possible after collection ofthe field

parameter sample, preferably within a few minutes, using a pH electrode. The value displayed on

the calibrated instrument will be recorded after the reading has stabilized. Ifthe value falls

outside ofthe calibrated range, then the pH meter will be recalibrated using the appropriate buffer

solutions.

2.8.3 Specific Conductance Measurement

Specific conductance will be measured by dipping the probe directly into the water source or into

a separate sample aliquot. The probe must be immersed to the manufacturer's recommended

depth. Specific conductance will be reported in micromhos/cm at 25'C. Ifthe meter is not

equipped with an automatic temperature compensation function, then the field value will be

adjusted at a later time using the temperature data and the following formula:

MFG, Inc.

000054
MFG SOP No. 12

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 8 of 11

SC15 = SCT/ [I + {(T - 25) x 0.025}]

where: SC"

SCT

T

specific conductance at 25°C

specific conductance measured at temperature T (OC)

sample temperature (0C)

The value displayed on the calibrated instrument will be recorded after the reading has stabilized.

Ifthe value falls outside ofthe calibrated "range" set by the range dial on the instnunent, then the

range setting will be changed to a position which gives maximum definition. Ifthe specific

conductance value falls outside ofthe calibrated range ofthe conductivity standard solution, then

the instnunent will be recalibrated using the appropriate standard prior to measurement.

2.8.4 Equipment Calibration

Equipment used to measure field parameters will be calibrated by MFG personnel according to

manufacturer's instructions. Calibration checks will be performed at least once prior to and at

least once following each day of instrument use in the field and the results will be documented on

the Sampling Record for each sampling station.

2.9 DOCUMENTATION

2.9.1 Groundwater Sampling Record

Each sampling event for each monitoring well will be recorded on a separate Groundwater

Sampling Record form, The documentation should include the following:

A. Project identification;

B. Location identification;

C. Sample identification(s) (including quality control samples);

D. Date and time ofsampling;

E. Purging and sampling methods;

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MFG SOP No. 12

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 9 of II

F. Sampling depth;

G. Name(s) ofsample collector(s);

H. Inventory ofsample bottles collected including sample preservation (if any), number,

and types ofsample bottles;

1. Total volume of water purged;

J. Results offield measurements and observations (time and cumulative purge volume,

temperature, pH, specific conductance, turbidity, sediment, color, purge rate);

K. Equipment cleaning record;

L. Description and identification offield instruments and equipment; and

M. Equipment calibration record.

When the sampling activity is completed, the Groundwater Sampling Record will be checked by

the MFG Project Manager or his/her designee, and the original record will be placed in the MFG

project file.

2.9.2 Surface Water Sampling Record

Each sampling event for each surface water sampling station will be recorded on a separate

Surface Water Sampling Record form (Figure SOP-12-2). The documentation should include the

following:

A. Project identification;

B. Location identification (sampling station);

C. Sample identification(s) (including quality control samples);

D. Date and time ofsampling;

E. Description ofsampling location;

F. Sampling depth below water surface;

G. Sampling method;

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MFG SOP No. 12

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 10 of 11

H. Condition ofwater (standing or moving);

1. Description offlow measurement method, if applicable, and any flow data;

J. Instrument calibration and cleaning record;

K. Results offield measurements and observations (time, temperature, pH, specific

conductance, turbidity, sediment, color);

L. Name(s) ofsample collector(s); and

M. Sketch map showing location ofsampling station and permanent landmarks.

When the sampling activity is completed, the Surface Water Sampling Record will be checked by

the MFG Project Manager or his/her designee, and the original record will be placed in the MFG

project file.

3.0 QUALITY CONTROL

3.1 Chain-of-Custody and Request for Analysis Form

A Chain-of-Custody and Request for Analysis form (CCIRA form) will be filled out as described

in the MFG SOP entitled SAMPLE CUSTODY. Sample custody procedures are discussed and

the CCiRA form presented in the MFG SOP entitled SAMPLE CUSTODY, PACKAGING AND

SHIPMENT.

3.2 Equipment Cleaning

Sample bottles and bottle caps will be cleaned and prepared by the analytical laboratory or their

supplier using standard EPA-approved protocols. Sample bottles and bottle caps will be

protected from dust or other contamination between time ofreceipt by MFG and time of actual

usage at the sampling site.

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MFG SOP No. 12

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page II of 11

Groundwater sampling equipment may be dedicated to a particular well at a project site. Prior to

installation of this equipment, all equipment surfaces that will be placed in the well or may come

in contact with groundwater will be cleaned to prevent the introduction of contaminants (refer to

the MFG SOP entitled EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION).

Sampling equipment that will be used at multiple wells or sampling locations will be cleaned

after sampling at each location is completed in accordance with the MFG SOP entitled

EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION.

Equipment such as submersible electric pumps, which cannot be disassembled for cleaning, will

be cleaned by circulating a laboratory-grade, detergent and potable water solution through the

assembly, followed by clean potable water from a municipal supply, and then by distilled or

deionized water. Equipment cleaning methods will be recorded on the Groundwater Sampling

Record and Surface Water Sampling Record.

3.3 Records Review

The MFG Project Manager or designated QA reviewer will check and verify that documentation

has been completed and filed per this procedure.

MFG, inc.

000058
MFG SOP No. 16

Rev. No.1

Date: August 2000

Page I of 4

MFG,Inc.

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE No. 16

EQUIPMENT DECONTAMINATION

1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICABILITY

This Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) describes the methods to be used for the

decontamination of all reusable field equipment which could become contaminated during use or

during sampling. The equipment may include split spoons, bailers, trowels, shovels, hand augers

or any other type of equipment used during field activities.

Decontamination is performed as a quality assurance measure and a safety precaution. It prevents

cross contamination between samples and also helps to maintain a clean working environment.

Decontamination is achieved mainly by rinsing with liquids which may include: soap and/or

detergent solutions, tap water, distilled weak acid solution, and/or methanol or other solvent.

Equipment may be allowed to air dry after being cleaned or may be wiped dry with chemical-free

towels or paper towels if immediate re-use is necessary.

At most project sites, decontamination of equipment that is re-used between sampling locations

will be accomplished between each sample collection point. Waste produced by decontamination

procedures, including waste liquids, solids, rags, gloves, etc., should be collected and disposed of

properly, based upon the nature of contamination. Specific details for the handling of

decontamination wastes are addressed in the MFG SOP entitled STORAGE AND DISPOSAL

OF SOIL, DRILLING FLUIDS AND WATER GENERATED DURING FIELD WORK or may

be specified by a project plan.

MFG,lnc.

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MFG SOP No. 16

Rev. No.1

Date: August 2000

Page 2 of 4

2.0 PROCEDURES

2.1 Responsibilities

It is the responsibility ofthe field sampling coordinator to ensure that proper decontamination

procedures are followed and that all waste materials produced by decontamination are properly

managed. It is the responsibility ofthe project safety officer to draft and enforce safety measures

which provide the best protection for all persons involved directly with sampling and/or

decontamination.

It is the responsibility of any subcontractors (i.e., drilling contractors) to follow the proper,

designated decontamination procedures that are stated in their contracts and outlined in the SiteSpecific Health and Safety Plan. It is the responsibility of all personnel involved with sample

collection or decontamination to maintain a clean working environment and ensure that any

contaminants are not negligently introduced to the environment.

2.2 Supporting Materials

I. Cleaning liquids: soap and/or detergent solutions (Alconox, etc.), tap water,

distilled water, methanol, weak nitric acid solution, etc.

2. Personal protective safety gear as defined in the Site-Specific Health and Safety

Plan.

3. Chemical-free towels or paper towels.

4. Disposable, nitrile gloves.

5. Waste storage containers: drums, boxes, plastic bags, etc.

6. Cleaning containers: plastic and/or stainless steel pans and buckets.

7. Cleaning brushes.

8. Aluminum foil.

MFG, Inc.

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MFG SOP No. 16

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 3 of4

2.3 Methods

The extent of known contamination will determine the degree of decontamination required. Ifthe

extent of contamination cannot be readily determined, cleaning should be done according to the

assumption that the equipment is highly contaminated. Decontamination procedures should

account for the types of contaminants known or suspected to be present. In general, high levels

of organic contaminants should include an organic solvent wash step, and high levels of metals

contamination should include a weak acid rinse step.

The procedures listed below constitute the full field decontamination procedure. If different or

more elaborate procedures are required for a specific project, they may be specified in sampling

and analysis or work plan. Such variations in decontamination protocols may include all, part or

an expanded scope ofthe decontamination procedure stated herein.

I. Remove gross contamination from the equipment by dry brushing, and rinse with

tap water.

2. Wash with soap or laboratory-grade detergent solution.

3. Rinse with tap water.

4. Rinse with methanol (optional, for equipment potentially contaminated by

organic compounds).

5. Rinse with acid solution (optional, for equipment potentially contaminated by

metals).

6. Rinse with distilled or deionized water.

7. Repeat entire procedure or any parts ofthe procedure as necessary.

8. Air dry.

Decontaminated equipment should be stored in sealable containers, such as Ziplock-type plastic

bags or cases or boxes with lids.

MFG, Inc.

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MFG SOP No. 16

Rev. No. I

Date: August 2000

Page 4 of4

2.4 DOCUMENTATION

Field notes will be kept describing the decontamination procedures followed. The field notes will

be recorded according to procedures described in the MFG SOP entitled FIELD

DOCUMENTATION.

3.0 QUALITY CONTROL

To assess the adequacy of decontamination procedures, field rinsate blanks may be collected.

The specific number of rinsate blanks will be defined in a sampling and analysis or work plan or

by the MFG project manager. In general, at least one field rinsate blank should be collected per

sampling event or per day.

Rinsate blanks with elevated or detected contaminants will be evaluated by the Project Manager,

who wiII relay the results to the site workers. Such results may be indicative of inadequate

decontamination procedures that require corrective actions (e.g., retraining).

MFG, Inc.

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