# Patent

## Title
Airbag assemblies with constrained stabilizer straps

## Abstract

An airbag assembly can include a stabilizer strap attached to an airbag, and the stabilizer strap can cooperate with a housing to prevent undesired rotation or skewing of the airbag during deployment. A portion of the stabilizer strap can be positioned at an interior of the housing and can interact with the housing to restrict an amount of the stabilizer strap that is permitted to extend to an exterior of the housing.

## Background
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present disclosure relates generally to the field of automotive protective systems. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to inflatable airbag cushions and related assemblies, such as knee airbags and knee airbag assemblies.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The present embodiments will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Understanding that the accompanying drawings depict only typical embodiments, and are, therefore, not to be considered to be limiting of the disclosure's scope, the embodiments will be described and explained with specificity and detail in reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1A is a top plan view of a panel of material from which a portion of an airbag cushion may be formed, which in turn, comprises a portion of an airbag assembly.
FIG. 1B is a top plan view of the panel of material of FIG. 1A after portions of the panel have been removed.
FIG. 2 is a bottom perspective view of a portion of an embodiment of an airbag assembly.
FIG. 3 is a top perspective view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 2 in which the assembly has been rotated 180 degrees about a longitudinal axis thereof.
FIG. 4 is a side perspective view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 2.
FIG. 5 is a side elevation view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 2.
FIG. 6 is a close-up side elevation view of a portion of the airbag assembly of FIG. 2 taken along the view line 6-6 in FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is a close-up side elevation view of another portion of the airbag assembly of FIG. 2 taken along the view line 7-7 in FIG. 5.
FIG. 8A is a perspective view of a panel of material from which a bag strap can be formed.
FIG. 8B is a perspective view of the panel of material of FIG. 8A after a portion of the panel has been folded.
FIG. 8C is a perspective view of the panel of material of FIG. 8B after a loop has been formed in the panel of material.
FIG. 9 is a close-up bottom perspective view of a portion of the airbag assembly of FIG. 2.
FIG. 10 is a close-up top perspective view of a portion of the airbag assembly of FIG. 2.
FIG. 11A is a rear elevation view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 2, wherein the airbag cushion is in an extended configuration prior to being subjected to a method for folding an airbag cushion.
FIG. 11B is a rear elevation view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 11A after side portions of the airbag cushion have been tucked in accordance with a method for folding an airbag cushion.
FIG. 11C is a rear elevation view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 11B after a top portion of the airbag cushion has been folded in accordance with a method for folding an airbag cushion.
FIG. 12A is a side elevation view of the airbag cushion assembly of FIG. 11C.
FIG. 12B is a side elevation view of the airbag cushion assembly of FIG. 12A after a top portion of the airbag cushion has begun to be rolled in accordance with a method for folding an airbag cushion.
FIG. 12C is a side elevation view of the airbag cushion assembly of FIG. 12B, wherein the airbag cushion has continued to be rolled in accordance with a method for folding an airbag cushion.
FIG. 12D is a side elevation view of the airbag cushion assembly of FIG. 12C after the top portion of the airbag cushion has been rolled in accordance with a method for folding an airbag cushion.
FIG. 13A is a rear elevation view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 12D.
FIG. 13B is a rear elevation view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 13A after a bag strap has been wrapped around the cushion in accordance with a method for folding an airbag cushion.
FIG. 14 is a side elevation view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 13B.
FIG. 15 is a rear perspective view of an airbag housing into which a packaged airbag assembly of FIG. 2 has been placed.
FIG. 16 is a close-up cutaway perspective view of a portion of another embodiment of an inflatable cushion airbag assembly.
FIG. 17 is a rear perspective view of a portion of the airbag assembly of FIG. 16.
FIG. 18 is a close-up cutaway front perspective view of a portion of the inflatable cushion airbag assembly of FIG. 17 after another step in a method for attaching an inflator has been performed.
FIG. 19A is a close-up cutaway perspective view of a portion of another embodiment of an inflatable cushion airbag assembly.
FIG. 19B is a close-up cutaway perspective view of the inflatable cushion airbag assembly of FIG. 19A after a step in a method for attaching an inflator has been performed.
FIG. 19C is a close-up cutaway perspective view of the inflatable cushion airbag assembly of FIG. 19B after another step in a method for attaching an inflator has been performed.
FIG. 20 is a close-up cutaway rear perspective view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 19A.
FIG. 21 is a close-up perspective view of a portion of another embodiment of an airbag assembly.
FIG. 22 is a rear perspective view of a further portion of the airbag assembly of FIG. 21 in which components thereof are not fully assembled.
FIG. 23A is a cutaway interior perspective view of a portion of the housing and a portion of a stabilizer strap.
FIG. 23B is a cutaway interior perspective view such as that of FIG. 23A showing a thick portion of the stabilizer strap being advanced through an enlarged portion of an opening in the housing.
FIG. 23C is a cutaway interior perspective view such as that of FIG. 23A showing the thick portion of the stabilizer strap having been fully advanced through the enlarged portion of the opening in the housing while a thin portion of the stabilizer strap is maintained within a thinner portion of the opening in the housing.
FIG. 23D is a cutaway interior perspective view such as that of FIG. 23A showing the stabilizer strap having been advanced to an end of the opening that is opposite of the enlarged portion.
FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the airbag assembly of FIG. 21.
FIG. 25 is a rear perspective view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 21 in an assembled state.
FIG. 26 is a top plan view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 21 in a deployed state.
FIG. 27 is a rear perspective view of another embodiment of an airbag assembly in which components thereof are not fully assembled.
FIG. 28 is a rear perspective view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 27 in an assembled state.
FIG. 29 is a top plan view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 27 in a deployed state.
FIG. 30A is a side elevation cutaway view of another embodiment of an airbag assembly installed in a vehicle, wherein an airbag is in a packaged state.
FIG. 30B is another side elevation cutaway view of the airbag assembly of FIG. 30B, wherein the airbag is in a deployed state.
FIG. 31 is a close-up cutaway perspective view of a portion of another embodiment of an inflatable cushion airbag assembly.
FIG. 32 is a rear perspective view of a further portion of the airbag assembly of FIG. 31 in which components thereof are not fully assembled.
FIG. 33A is a cutaway interior perspective view of a portion of the housing and a portion of a stabilizer strap of the airbag assembly of FIG. 32.
FIG. 33B is a cutaway interior perspective view such as that of FIG. 33A showing a thick portion of the stabilizer strap being advanced through an enlarged portion of an opening in the housing.
FIG. 33C is a cutaway interior perspective view such as that of FIG. 33A showing the thick portion of the stabilizer strap having been fully advanced through the enlarged portion of the opening in the housing while a thin portion of the stabilizer strap is maintained within a thinner portion of the opening in the housing.
FIG. 33D is a cutaway interior perspective view such as that of FIG. 33A showing the stabilizer strap having been advanced to an end of the opening that is opposite of the enlarged portion.
FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the assembled airbag assembly of FIG. 32.
FIG. 35 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of another embodiment of an airbag assembly that is similar to the view shown in FIG. 34.
FIG. 36 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of another embodiment of an airbag assembly that is similar to the view shown in FIG. 34.
FIG. 37 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of another embodiment of an airbag assembly that is similar to the view shown in FIG. 34.
FIG. 38 is a close-up cutaway perspective view of a portion of another embodiment of an inflatable cushion airbag assembly.
FIG. 39 is a rear perspective view of a further portion of the airbag assembly of FIG. 38 in which components thereof are not fully assembled.
FIG. 40A is a cutaway interior perspective view of a portion of the housing and a portion of a stabilizer strap of the airbag assembly of FIG. 39, wherein a columnar portion of the stabilizer strap is shown being advanced through a stabilizer aperture of the housing.
FIG. 40B is a cutaway interior perspective view such as that of FIG. 40A showing a stopping element being advanced over the columnar portion of the stabilizer strap at an exterior of the housing.
FIG. 40C is a cutaway interior perspective view such as that of FIG. 40A showing the stopping element having been crimped to the columnar portion of the stabilizer strap at the exterior of the housing.
FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the assembled airbag assembly of FIG. 39.
FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of another embodiment of an airbag assembly that is similar to the view shown in FIG. 41.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
It will be readily understood that the components of the embodiments as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following more detailed description of various embodiments, as represented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, as claimed, but is merely representative of various embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
The phrases “connected to,” “coupled to,” and “in communication with” refer to any form of interaction between two or more entities, including mechanical, electrical, magnetic, electromagnetic, fluid, and thermal interaction. Two components may be coupled to each other even though they are not in direct contact with each other. The term “abutting” refers to items that are in direct physical contact with each other, although the items may not necessarily be attached together.
Inflatable airbag systems are widely used to minimize occupant injury in a collision scenario. Airbag modules have been installed at various locations within a vehicle, including, but not limited to, the steering wheel, the instrument panel, within the side doors or side seats, adjacent to roof rail of the vehicle, in an overhead position, or at the knee or leg position. In the following disclosure, “airbag” may refer to an inflatable curtain airbag, overhead airbag, front airbag, knee airbag, or any other airbag type. The embodiments discussed hereafter are primarily of a knee airbag variety, although it may be possible to employ at least some of the features of these airbags with other airbag varieties.
Front airbags are typically installed in the steering wheel and instrument panel of a vehicle. During installation, the airbags are rolled, folded, and/or otherwise packed, and are retained in the packaged state behind a cover. During a collision event, vehicle sensors trigger the activation of an inflator, which rapidly fills the airbag with inflation gas. Thus the airbag rapidly changes conformation from the packed configuration to an expanded configuration.
FIGS. 1A-1B are a top elevation views of a panel of material 101 from which a portion of an airbag cushion may be formed. Panel 101 comprises a sheet of fabric that may comprise a woven nylon material, or any other suitable material, such as those that are well known in the art. Panel 101 comprises a rectangular shape that is defined by a perimeter 105 and has a first portion 102, a second portion 103, and a middle portion 104. First tether 130 and second tether 135 may be cut from the middle portion of panel 101 such that after being cut, panel 101 may be said to have an “I” or “H” shape. The length and/or width of panel 101 may be varied according to different embodiments. For example, width W1 may be from about 400 mm to about 600 mm and length L1 may be from about 600 mm to 900 mm.
FIG. 1B depicts panel 101 after first and second tethers 130 and 135 have been cut from panel 101, after which a second width W2 is defined by the middle portion 104. W2 may be from about 250 mm to about 550 mm. Width W2 of middle portion 104 may comprise about 110% of the width of an airbag housing of airbag assembly 100. An inflator insert aperture 123 and an inflator mounting stem aperture 124 may be formed in middle portion 104 by cutting, stamping, or as a result of the employment of a one-piece-weaving technique. FIG. 1B depicts the corners of panel 101 as being trimmed compared to the corners of the panel as shown in FIG. 1A; however, the corners may be trimmed or not. Embodiments of an inflatable airbag cushion formed from a panel that does not have trimmed corners may have a perimeter seam that angles across the panel's corners, as shown in FIG. 1B, in which case an inflatable void of the cushion may comprise corners similar to those shown in FIG. 1B.
FIGS. 2-4 are perspective views of a portion of airbag assembly 100, wherein FIG. 2 is a bottom perspective view, FIG. 3 is a top perspective view, and FIG. 4 is a side perspective view. Assembly 100 may comprise a cushion 110, a first tether 130, a second tether 135, reinforcements 140, heat panels 145, a bag strap 150, and a stabilizer strap 170. After the first and second tethers have been cut from panel of material 101 the panel may be folded at middle portion 104 to form a fold 109. When panel 101 is folded, first portion 102 and second portion 103 are brought in close proximity such that the planes of the first and second portions are in a substantially parallel orientation. Fold 109 may comprise one or more discrete folds, or the fold may comprise a more general “U” shape.
Once membrane 101 is folded, stitching 106 may be applied around perimeter 105 such that the first and second portions 102 and 103 are coupled together. After being folded and stitched together, it may be said that panel of material 101 has been configured as an inflatable airbag cushion membrane 110, which may also be referred to as an inflatable airbag cushion, cushion membrane, cushion, or airbag. As such, the cushion membrane has an inflatable void 118. For clarity in depicting various structures and characteristics of assembly 100, in some of the following figures, cushion 110 is shown without the perimeter being sewn together.
Cushion membrane 110 may described as having an upper portion 111, a lower portion 112, a front face 113, and a rear face 114. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” and other directional terms are used herein with respect to an orientation that the airbag assembly 100, or components thereof, can have when installed in a vehicle, as viewed from the perspective of a vehicle occupant. For example, the directional terms for the portions and faces of the cushion membrane 110 are used relative to a deployed state of the cushion membrane 110 within a vehicle, as viewed by a vehicle occupant. In particular, when the cushion membrane 110 is deployed, the front face 113 can be closer to the vehicle occupant (e.g., closer to the rearward end of the vehicle), and thus represents the front of the cushion from the perspective of the vehicle occupant, whereas the rear face 114 can be further from the vehicle occupant (e.g., closer to the forward end of the vehicle), and thus represent the rear of the cushion from the perspective of the vehicle occupant. The upper portion 111 of cushion 110 is the portion of the cushion that is closest to the headliner of a vehicle when the cushion is in a deployed state. The lower portion 112 is below upper portion 111 when cushion 110 is in a deployed state, and is closest to a floor of the vehicle. The term “lower portion” is not necessarily limited to the portion of cushion 110 that is below a transverse medial plane of the cushion, when the cushion is in the deployed state, but may include less than half, more than half or exactly half of the bottom portion of the cushion. Likewise, the term “upper portion” is not necessarily limited to the portion of cushion 110 that is above a transverse medial plane of the cushion, but may include less than half, more than half or exactly half of the top portion of the cushion.
As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, a variety of types and configurations of airbag cushion membranes can be utilized without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. For example, the size, shape, and proportions of the cushion membrane may vary according to its use in different vehicles or different locations within a vehicle. Also, the cushion membrane may comprise one or more pieces of any suitable material, such as those that are well known in the art (e.g., a woven nylon fabric). Additionally, the airbag cushion may be manufactured using a variety of techniques such as one-piece weaving, “cut and sew,” and/or a combination of the two techniques. Further, the cushion membrane may be manufactured using sealed or unsealed seams, wherein the seams are formed by stitching, adhesive, taping, radio frequency welding, heat sealing, or any other suitable technique or combination of techniques.
Once the panel of material has been configured as an inflatable cushion 110, the cushion may be coupled with additional components to form an inflatable airbag cushion assembly 100, as depicted in FIG. 2. In the illustrated embodiment, bag strap 150, stabilizer strap 170, and first tether 130 have been coupled to membrane 101 at middle portion 104. Second tether 135 is coupled to membrane 101 closer to upper portion 111 than first tether 130. First and second tethers 130 and 135 are coupled to front face 113 and extend to, and are coupled to, rear face 114. In other words, the first and second tethers are located between the front and rear faces such that the tethers may be said to be located within the inflatable void 118 of the inflatable airbag cushion. First and second tethers 130 and 135 may be coupled to coupled to front and rear faces 113 and 114 by stitching, or any other suitable technique.
Each tether may not be symmetrically attached to the cushion membrane on the front face and the rear face. For example, the portions of the first and second tethers that are coupled to the rear face 114 of the membrane may be located between about 20 mm and 30 mm closer to fold 109 than the portions of the first and second tethers that are coupled to the front face 113 of the membrane. In other words, the point at which the first and second tethers are coupled to the front face of the inflatable cushion membrane may be located more towards the upper portion of the cushion that the point at which the first and second tethers are coupled to the rear face of the inflatable cushion.
First tether 130 may be located between middle portion 104 and first and second portions 102 and 103 and may be oriented such that the tether runs transversely across the middle portion of cushion 110. In one embodiment, the first tether runs the entire width of the cushion, from perimeter to perimeter. First tether 130 may comprise one or more apertures (131), as depicted in FIG. 1B, wherein the apertures are configured to allow inflation gas to pass from a first side of the first tether to a second side of the tether. First tether 130 may be described as running transversely across a majority of the width of cushion 110 and is coupled to front and rear faces 113 and 114 of the cushion. First tether 130 is positioned within cushion 110 such that when the cushion is deployed, the first tether is located outside the housing. First tether 130 may be located between the inflator 180 (see FIG. 15) and a portion of inflatable void 118, such that the plurality of apertures may allow inflation gas to pass from an inflator-proximal side of the tether to an inflator distal side of the tether. As such, the apertures may allow inflation gas to flow from the inflator into the inflatable void. The apertures may each comprise a diameter of about 33 mm and may be sewn concentrically using a single needle lock stitch with about a 3 mm off-set.
Second tether 135 may be located between about 33% to about 50% the distance from first tether 130 to a top edge of upper portion 111 of cushion 110. Generally, the second tether may be about 50% the width as the airbag cushion. For example, in one embodiment, the second tether is about 250 mm wide and the inflatable airbag cushion is about 500 mm wide.
Bag strap 150 may comprise a piece of woven fabric that is coupled to attachment portion 120 of cushion 110. Attachment portion 120 is located on front face 113 at middle portion 104. As such, bag strap 150 is coupled to front face 113 of cushion 110, and may be coupled to the cushion via stitching or any other suitable technique. Bag strap 150 may aid in retaining cushion 110 in a packaged configuration; in obtaining favorable airbag cushion deployment characteristics; and in coupling the cushion to an airbag housing.
One or more reinforcements 140 may be placed at high stress points in assembly 100, wherein the reinforcements comprise one or more pieces of fabric that may the same or different than the fabric from which cushion 110 is formed. For example, one or more reinforcements may be sewn into perimeter seam 107 near where middle portion 104 of cushion 110 extends to become lower portion 112 of front and rear faces 113 and 114. Additionally, one or more layers of reinforcement may be coupled to cushion 110 at an attachment area 120, near inflator apertures 123 and 124, wherein the reinforcement may comprise the same material or a different material than reinforcement 140.
Heat resistant fabric 145 may be coupled near the inflator attachment area 120 and may be employed in addition to or instead of reinforcements at inflator apertures 123 and 124. The heat resistant fabric may comprise a plain woven fiberglass material with a silicone coating, wherein the fiberglass strands in the fabric comprise E-glass, S-glass, or S2-glass grades of fiberglass. If present, the silicone coating may be applied to one side of the fabric and the fabric oriented within assembly 100 such that the silicone coated side faces the inflator.
One skilled in the art will recognize that a variety of types and configurations of heat resistant materials and coatings, as well as reinforcements may be employed without diverging from the spirit of the present disclosure. For example, the fabric need not be plain woven, but may have a more random fiber orientation of sun bond material. Also, the heat resistant material may comprise one or more of a variety of different fibers such as para-aramid synthetic fibers that are sold as Kevlar brand fibers, carbon, hemp, nylon, and polyester. Further, the heat resistant coating may comprise one or more materials such as neoprene, urethane, phenolic materials, and other flexible epoxies. In some embodiments, the reinforcement material and the heat resistant material may comprise the same material.
FIG. 3 depicts a portion of airbag assembly 100 from a top perspective view, wherein the airbag assembly has been rotated 180 degrees from the view of FIG. 2. In this view, front face 113 of cushion 110 is below rear face 114, and the dashed outlines of first and second tethers 130 and 135 are visible. Also shown are inflator insert aperture 123, inflator stem aperture 124, and the dashed outline of reinforcement and/or heat shield 140/145.
A pleat 115 may be formed in rear panel 114, such that the rear panel 114 is not as long as front panel 113. In other words, a distance from the upper portion 111 to the lower portion 112 is smaller for rear face 114 than front face 113. Pleat 115 is located between first and second tethers 130 and 135 and may be formed by folding rear panel 114 back upon itself such that a fold of cushion membrane 110 is created that extends into inflatable void 118 in the direction of front panel 113. Pleat 115 may retained by employing a double needle chain stitch. The pleat may be gradually formed and retained in cushion 110 by creating two arcs of stitching at each end of the pleat and a straight stitch in the middle of the pleat, or in another embodiment, the ends of the pleat may be stitched such that the pleat is tapered at its ends. In another embodiment, the stitch and pleat may form a single radius arc.
The portion of the pleat that extends toward the front face may have a length of about 20 mm, in which case the rear panel is shortened about 40 mm. In another embodiment, the pleat extends about 50 mm such that the rear panel is shortened about 100 mm. The width of the full depth portion of pleat 115 may correspond to the width of first and second tethers 130 and 135 such that the portion of the pleat that is the full depth is about as wide as the tethers. In one embodiment, the airbag cushion is about 500 mm wide, the tethers are about 240 mm wide, and the full depth portion of the pleat is also about 240 mm wide, although the entire pleat extends about 400 mm.
First tether 130, second tether 135, and pleat 115 are configured to aid the inflatable cushion membrane in following a predetermined deployment trajectory. Additionally, the tethers and the pleat may be configured such that the inflatable cushion adopts a predetermined shape during deployment and upon full or substantially full inflation. For example, when fully or substantially inflated, the inflatable cushion may be variously described as adopting an approximately “C” shape, a banana shape, or a crescent shape.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a portion of airbag assembly 100, which depicts cushion 110, first tether 130, second tether 135, pleat 115, and bag strap 150. Portions of the first and second tethers are visible between front and rear faces 113 and 114. Bag strap 150 is coupled to front face 113 of cushion 110 at middle portion 104 of the cushion.
FIG. 5 is a side elevation view of a portion of airbag assembly 100. As described herein, inflatable airbag cushion 110 comprises upper portion 111 and lower portion 112. Upper portion 111 comprises upper edge 108 that may be defined by the ends of front face 113 and rear face 114, or alternatively, the upper edge may be defined by a seam formed at the point at which the front face and the rear face are coupled. Lower portion 112 may comprise middle portion 104 at which fold 109 is formed, as well as one or more seam reinforcements 140, one or more heat panels 145, bag strap 150, and stabilizer strap 170.
First tether 130 and second tether 135 are each coupled to front face 113 and rear face 114 such that they are located within inflatable void 118. Forming pleat 115 in rear face 114 of the airbag cushion shortens the rear face, compared to the front face. As such, a top-most point 108 of rear face 114 is closer to bottom portion 112 of the airbag cushion, compared to a top-most point of front face 113. Bag strap 150 may comprise bag strap loop 160 and engagement portion 155. In the depicted embodiment, bag strap loop 160 comprises a fold or pleat of the bag strap material and engagement portion 155 comprises a roll or fold of the bag strap material. Stabilizer strap 170 may be coupled to cushion 110 at lower portion 112.
FIG. 6 is a close-up side elevation view of a portion of inflatable airbag cushion 110, wherein pleat 115 and first tether 130 are visible. Pleat 115 may be formed by drawing together two points on rear face 114, and then coupling the two points together via stitching 133. For clarity, the two points are neither touching each other or located directly adjacent each other, because seam reinforcement material may be used such that the pleat does not rupture during airbag deployment. Pleat 115 may project from rear face 114 into inflatable void 118 in the direction of front face 113. A distance D1 to which the pleat may project from the front face may be between about 20 mm and about 50 mm. First tether 130 has a first and second end, each of which may be rolled or folded before being coupled to front face 113 and rear face 114 of cushion 110. First tether 130 may be asymmetrically coupled to the front and rear faces such that a tether attachment point on front face 113 may be located further from an inflator (not shown) or inflator attachment area (not shown) than the point at which the tether is attached to rear face 114. Reinforcement and/or heat panel 140/145 may extend to first tether attachment points such that each of the first tether attachment points comprise 4 or more layers of material. First tether 130 may be coupled to cushion 110 via stitching 132.
FIG. 7 is a close-up side elevation view of a portion of inflatable airbag cushion 110, wherein second tether 135 is visible within inflatable void 118. Second tether 135 may be coupled to cushion 110 at two attachment points, wherein one attachment point is located on front face 113 and the other attachment point is located on rear face 114. In the depiction of FIG. 7, the two attachment points for the two tethers may be located approximately equal distances from an inflator. In another embodiment, the second tether 135 attachment point on front face 113 may be located closer to the inflator (not shown) than the rear face 114 attachment point, as depicted for first tether 130 in FIG. 6. Second tether 135 may be coupled to cushion 110 via stitching 136, wherein the stitching crosses 3 layers of material at each attachment point.
FIGS. 8A-8C depict bag strap 150 from perspective views, wherein FIG. 8A depicts a full-length panel of material before it has been formed into a bag strap; FIG. 8B depicts the panel of material of FIG. 8A after a bottom portion of the bag strap has been rolled; and, FIG. 8C depicts the panel of material of FIG. 8B after the bag strap has had a loop formed in it. FIG. 8A depicts a panel of material 152 that has a predetermined length, and from which a bag strap may be formed. Panel 152 may comprise a piece of a woven nylon material similar to that which forms an inflatable airbag cushion. Panel 152 has a front face (not shown) and a rear face 164 and may comprise an airbag cushion portion 151, an inflator insert aperture 153, an inflator stem aperture 154, an engagement portion 155, engagement apertures 156, stabilizer strap apertures 157, and perforations 162. The apertures and perforations in panel 152 are formed in predetermined locations and may also be described as forming three horizontal rows of apertures and three vertical columns of apertures. The rows of apertures comprise apertures that have different functions, and the columns of apertures comprise apertures that have the same function.
FIG. 8B depicts panel 152 of FIG. 8A after engagement portion 155 has been rolled to form a rolled engagement portion 158. Rolled portion 158 is formed by folding a predetermined length of engagement portion 155 of panel 152 toward rear face 164 and in the direction of cushion portion 151. The distance of the fold is of such a magnitude that apertures 156 align with each other, and likewise, apertures 157 align with each other. After being folded, bag strap 150 has a shortened length, L2. In another embodiment, the bag strap may not comprise a folded engagement portion. In such an embodiment, the panel of material from which the bag strap is formed may comprise two inflator stem apertures and one stabilizer strap aperture. FIG. 8B also depicts arrows that indicate the direction the panel of material may be folded to form a loop, which may be a step in a method for forming a bag strap.
FIG. 8C depicts panel 152 of FIG. 8B after a loop 160 has been formed such that the loop is located on rear face 164 and perforations 162 are incorporated within the loop. Loop 160 may also be described as a fold or a pleat in panel 152, from which bag strap 150 is formed. Loop 160 has an apex 161 that may also be described as a fold. Loop 160 may be retained via tear stitching 166 or any other suitable technique or structure. Tear stitching 166 is configured to rupture during inflatable airbag deployment. In one embodiment, the tear stitching includes, about 25 threads per 100 millimeters, although one skilled in the art will appreciate that other thread counts may similarly allow the rupture of tear stitching 166 during inflatable airbag deployment without damaging bag strap 150. Thus, tear stitching 166 is configured to rupture during deployment of the airbag cushion without damaging the bag strap and without retarding or altering cushion deployment.
In the depicted embodiment, tear stitch 166 runs across bag strap 150; however in other embodiments, the tear stitch may only be formed in a portion of the width of the bag strap or may define one or more light tack stitches. Tear stitch 166 and perforations 162 are configured to rupture during airbag cushion 110 deployment, such that the tear stitch ruptures before the perforations. Perforations 162 may be configured to allow bag strap 150 to become severed into two pieces during deployment. Perforations 162 are depicted as being located within bag strap loop 160; however, in alternative embodiments, the perforations may be located along different portions of the bag strap.
Panel 152 is of a predetermined length such that after the panel has been shortened by the formation of loop 160 and folded portion 158, the resulting bag strap is of a predetermined length L3 that is shorter than the full length of the panel of material. The shortest length (L3) of bag strap 150 can be called a wrapping length. The wrapping length is also shorter than a deployment length L2 (depicted in FIG. 8B).
The wrapping length of the bag strap is configured to allow the bag strap to wrap around a rolled and/or folded inflatable airbag cushion and retain the cushion in this “packaged” or “folded” configuration. As discussed above, upon airbag deployment, the tear stitching that retains the bag strap in the wrapper length ruptures such that the bag strap adopts the deployment length. The deployment length of the bag strap is configured such that the airbag cushion can expand up to about 150 mm before it again begins to apply tension to the bag strap. As the airbag continues to expand, it is briefly retarded by the bag strap, until the perforations rupture and the airbag can continue to freely deploy.
FIGS. 9-10 are close-up perspective views of a portion of airbag assembly 100, wherein FIG. 10 is rotated 180 degrees compared to the view of FIG. 9. As depicted in the figures, stitching 106 may be employed to couple front and rear faces 113 and 114. Reinforcement and/or heat shield 140/145 can be seen as being coupled to cushion 110 near middle portion 104. Bag strap 150 is coupled to front face 113. Inflator aperture 153 of the bag strap is in alignment with inflator aperture 123 of cushion 110, and likewise, inflator stem aperture 154 is aligned with inflator stem aperture 124 of the cushion. Bag strap loop 160, tear stitch 166, and perforations 162 are located between cushion portion 151 of bag strap 150 wherein the bag strap is coupled to cushion 110 and an engagement portion 155 of bag strap 150. Loop 160 is configured such that it extends away from front face 163. In other words, an apex 161 of loop 160 extends from rear face 164 because the loop is formed on the rear face. Engagement portion 155 may comprise a folded engagement portion 158, inflator mounting stem engagement apertures 156, and stabilizer strap aperture 157.
Stabilizer strap 170 may comprise a piece of webbing that is about 10 mm wide and is coupled to bag strap 150 and cushion 110 on front face 113, near middle portion 104. Stabilizer strap 170 may be coupled to cushion 110 via stitching 171, such that the stitching is aligned with the centers of the inflator insert apertures 123/153 and inflator stem apertures 124/154. In the depicted embodiment, stitching 171 comprises a single line of stitching; however, in another embodiment, the stitching may comprise a box stitch. If a box stitch is employed, the portion of the box stitch that is closed to the inflator or attachment area 120 of cushion 110 may be aligned with the centers of inflator apertures 123/153 and 124/154.
Inflatable airbag cushion 110 may be configured into a packaged configuration by employing a method for folding an airbag cushion, wherein the method may comprise obtaining an airbag cushion membrane as disclosed herein, tucking the sides of the cushion in toward the center until a width of the cushion is less than a width of an airbag housing to which the cushion may be attached; applying an optional tack or tear stitch; reverse rolling or reverse folding the tucked top portion of the cushion one time; continuing to reverse roll or reverse fold the tucked top portion; wrapping a bag strap around the folded cushion; securing the bag strap to at least one inflator mounting stem. In one embodiment, the folding method results in an airbag cushion that has been rolled or folded up to 5 times.
FIGS. 11A-14 depict various views of airbag cushion assembly 100 during and after steps in a method for packaging an inflatable airbag cushion have been performed. FIGS. 11A-11C are front elevation views of assembly 100, wherein FIG. 11A depicts the assembly in a pre-packaging configuration, FIG. 11B depicts the assembly after a first step in the method for packing an airbag cushion has been performed, and FIG. 11C depicts the assembly after another step has been performed. In the views of FIGS. 11A-11C, various structures and features of assembly 100 are visible, including cushion 110, which has upper and lower portions 111 and 112, rear face 114, a first half 116, a second half 117, inflator insert aperture 123, and inflator mounting stem aperture 124; and bag strap 150, which has cushion portion 151, engagement portion 155, inflator mounting stem engagement apertures 156, stabilizer strap aperture 157, rolled portion 158, loop 160, perforations 162, and rear face 164.
In the depiction of FIG. 11A, assembly 110 is in a flattened configuration, wherein any wrinkles or folds in cushion 110 have been removed and rear faces 114 and 164 can be said to be facing “up.” It can be said that providing an inflatable airbag cushion and flattening the cushion comprise first steps in a method for folding or packaging an inflatable airbag cushion.
FIG. 11B depicts cushion 110 after first and second halves 116 and 117 have been tucked in towards a midline of cushion 110. The tucks may be performed by pushing each half of the cushion into the cushion, “outside-in.” In other words, first and second halves of the airbag cushion are each tucked into a middle portion of the airbag cushion such that the front and rear faces of each of the first and second halves are positioned in between the upper and lower panels of the middle portion. After the tucking steps have been performed, cushion 110 comprises a tucked upper portion 119.
FIG. 11C depicts cushion 110 after a tucked upper portion 119 of cushion 100 is folded one time in the direction of rear face 114, away from front face 113. As such, tucked upper portion 119 is folded downward toward lower portion 112 and bag strap 150.
FIGS. 12A-12D depict airbag assembly 100 from a side elevation view, wherein the assembly is being subjected to steps in a method for packaging an inflatable airbag cushion. Visible in the figures are cushion 110, which has front face 113, rear face 114, attachment area 120, and bag strap 150, which has cushion portion 151, folded engagement portion 158, and loop 160. FIG. 12A is a side elevation view that depicts assembly 100, wherein the assembly is at the same stage of packaging as depicted in FIG. 11C. Upper tucked portion 119 has been folded one time toward rear face 114, in the direction of bag strap 150, such that a fold 121 has been formed.
FIG. 12B depicts the airbag assembly 100 of FIG. 12A after fold 121 of upper tucked portion 119 has begun to be rolled in the direction of rear face 114. Since the roll is made in the direction of the rear face, it may be described as being a “reverse” roll. In another embodiment, the airbag cushion may be folded, instead of rolled. However, it will be noted that as consecutive folds are made, they may begin to resemble rolls.
FIGS. 12C-12D depict the airbag assembly 100 of FIG. 12B after the folded portion of the upper tucked portion of the airbag cushion has continued to be rolled towards rear face 114 in the direction of bag strap 150. As cushion 110 is rolled, the cushion comprises a rolled inflatable airbag cushion 122. As noted previously, attachment area 120 is located on front face 113 of cushion 110, and bag strap 150 is coupled to the cushion at cushion portion 151 of the bag strap. Cushion 110 may continue to be rolled in the direction of bag strap 150 until rolled cushion 122 is rolled to fold 109 of the cushion. As such, cushion portion 151 of bag strap 150 may be partially rolled with the cushion. A next step in the packaging method disclosed herein may comprise wrapping bag strap 150 around cushion 110 such that rear face 164 of the bag strap is on the inside of the wrap and front face 163 is on the outside of the packaged airbag assembly.
FIGS. 13A-13B depict airbag cushion assembly 100 from front elevation views. Visible in the figures are cushion 110, and bag strap 150 that has cushion portion 151, inflator insert aperture 153, inflator stem aperture 154, inflator engagement apertures 156, strap aperture 157, folded engagement portion 158, loop 160, perforations 162, front face 163, rear face 164, and tear stitching 166.
In the depiction of FIG. 13A the assembly is at the same stage of packaging as depicted in FIG. 12D. Cushion 110 has been rolled such that it comprises a rolled cushion 122 and rear face 164 of bag strap 150 is positioned such that it can be wrapped around the rolled airbag cushion. As noted herein, inflator insert aperture 153 is aligned with cushion 110 inflator insert aperture 123 and inflator mounting stem aperture 154 is aligned with inflator mounting stem aperture 124.
FIG. 13B depicts a next step in the method for packaging the airbag cushion, which may comprise wrapping bag strap 150 around rolled cushion 122 such that inflator stem engagement apertures 156 are aligned with inflator insert apertures 123/153 and inflator mounting stem apertures 124/154. Since the rear face of bag strap 150 is on the inside of the packaged airbag cushion, front face 163 is visible. If an optional stabilizer strap is present, it may protrude through strap aperture 157. Prior to completing rolling cushion 110, an inflator may be inserted in cushion 110 such that the inflator mounting stems protrude through apertures 123/153, and apertures 156, which are located in the folded engagement portion 158 of bag strap 150. The length of bag strap 150 is configured such that loop 160 is located at a predetermined position on rolled cushion 122. Since loop 160 is located at a predetermined location, perforations 162 and tear stitching 166 are also located at predetermined locations on rolled cushion 122.
FIG. 14 depicts a portion of airbag assembly 100 from a side elevation view after cushion 110 has been placed in a rolled configuration 122, the rolled cushion has been wrapped by bag strap 150, and an inflator 180 has been inserted into the cushion. Attachment area 120 of cushion 110 is the area to which inflator 180 can be attached as well as the area to which cushion portion 151 of the bag strap is coupled. In the packaged configuration, folded engagement portion 158 is adjacent to cushion portion 151, rear face 164 is adjacent to the wrapped cushion 122, and front face 163 is located on the outside of the packaged airbag assembly. First inflator mounting stem 182 and second inflator mounting stem (not visible) may protrude through cushion 110 attachment area 120, bag strap 150 cushion portion 151, and folded engagement portion 158. Bag strap loop 160 is located at a predetermined location on cushion 110, and the loop is oriented such that the apex 161 of the loop is between the bag strap and the cushion.
FIG. 15 is a perspective view of airbag assembly 100 after the airbag cushion 110 has been folded and/or rolled into a folded or packaged configuration, wrapped by the bag strap, and placed into an airbag housing 190. Although the airbag cushion 110 is in a format such as that shown in FIGS. 13B and 14 when within the housing 190, the airbag cushion 110 is not illustrated at an interior of the housing 190 in FIG. 15 for the sake of clarity and convenience. Housing 190 can comprise any suitable material, such as metal and/or plastic, and can define a container to which the inflatable airbag cushion may be fixedly attached. Housing 190 is configured to be mounted within a vehicle, and can be used in positioning the airbag assembly 100 so that the inflatable cushion 110 may deploy with predetermined characteristics. For example, the housing 190 can define a deployment opening 196 through which the inflatable airbag cushion 110 can be deployed. In the illustrated embodiment, the deployment opening 196 is at a forward end of the housing 190 and is elongated in a longitudinal direction (represented by the arrow labeled “LONG”), which can correspond with a transverse direction of a vehicle when the assembly 100 is mounted in the vehicle. The deployment opening 196 is at a forward end of the housing 190 and is sloped rearwardly in the downward direction. In at least an initial phase of deployment, the inflatable airbag cushion 110 can deploy outwardly from the housing 190 through the deployment opening 196 toward a vehicle occupant in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the lateral direction of the vehicle.
The housing 190 can be elongated in the longitudinal direction and can define a longitudinal axis ALONG that extends between a first lateral end 194 and a second lateral end 195 of the housing 190. In the illustrated embodiment, a longitudinal axis defined by the inflator 180 is collinear with the longitudinal axis ALONG. In other embodiments, the longitudinal axis of the inflator 180 can be offset relative to the longitudinal axis ALONG so as to be parallel thereto. In other embodiments, the longitudinal axis of the inflator 180 can be angled and/or offset relative to the longitudinal axis ALONG.
In the illustrated embodiment, the housing 190 defines an opening in the second lateral end 195 through which a portion of the inflator 180 can extend and/or otherwise be readily accessible from an exterior of the housing 190. The exposed end of the inflator 180 can include an initiator 186 portion of the inflator 180. The exposed initiator 186 can permit a lead wire assembly to be readily coupled with the initiator during manufacture of the assembly 100 and/or installation of the assembly 100 in a vehicle.
In some embodiments, the housing 190 is coupled with a cover piece 197 of any suitable variety. The cover piece 197 can span or otherwise cover the deployment opening 196 of the housing 190. In the illustrated embodiment, the cover piece 197 includes a cover 198 that can be readily opened as the inflatable airbag cushion 110 is deployed, as is known in the art. For example, in some embodiments, the cover 198 can include a weakened area and can be configured to tear or burst to permit the airbag cushion 110 to pass through it. In other embodiments, the cover 198 can be hinged so as to swing open and thereby permit the airbag cushion 110 to pass by it.
As previously discussed, a portion of the inflator 180 can be inserted into the inflatable void 118 of the airbag cushion 110. The inflator 180 can further be coupled with the housing 190. Accordingly, as further discussed hereafter with respect to other embodiments, the inflatable airbag cushion 110 can be coupled to the housing 190 via the inflator 180. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the housing 190 defines a plurality of apertures (not visible) through which the first and second inflator mounting stems 182 and 183 can protrude. Moreover, the inflator mounting stem 182 can extend through the inflator mounting stem aperture 124 of the inflatable airbag cushion 110 (see, e.g., FIG. 9), and the inflator mounting stem 183 can be positioned at the inflator insert aperture 123 (see, e.g., FIG. 9). As shown in FIG. 15, the first and second inflator mounting stems 182 and 183 may receive mounting hardware 184 (e.g., bolts), such that the inflator 180 and inflatable cushion 110 may be fixedly coupled to the housing 190. The housing 190 may be fixedly coupled to a vehicle structure.
The housing 190 can define a retaining component or mounting component 191, which fixes the stabilizer strap 170 relative to the housing 190 and/or retains a portion of the stabilizer strap 170 at an exterior of the housing 190 during deployment of the inflatable airbag cushion 110. In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting component 191 comprises a stabilizer strap aperture 192, which may also be referred to as a stabilizer opening or aperture, that extends through the housing 190. The mounting component 191 further comprises a catch 193. Any suitable arrangement of the catch 193 is contemplated. In the illustrated embodiment, the catch 193 comprises a hook that projects outwardly from an external upper surface of the housing 190 and also extends forwardly. A portion of the stabilizer strap 170 extends rearwardly from the interior of the housing through the stabilizer strap aperture 192, is wrapped around a rearward end of the housing 190 toward a forward end of the housing 190, and is retained on the catch 193. In the illustrated embodiment, the stabilizer strap 170 defines a mounting aperture 172 that is advanced over the catch 193, or stated otherwise, the catch 193 extends through the mounting aperture 172 of the stabilizer strap 170. Accordingly, at least a portion of the stabilizer strap 170 may be said to encompass or extend about the catch 193 so as to fixedly attach the stabilizer strap 170 to the housing 190.
When the inflatable airbag cushion 110 is deployed, the catch 193 retains a portion of the stabilizer strap 170 at an exterior of the housing 190. Accordingly, the portion of the stabilizer strap 170 that is attached to the airbag cushion 110 is retained in a generally fixed relationship relative to the housing 190. In some embodiments, this portion of the airbag cushion 110 may be within the housing 190 when the airbag cushion 110 is fully deployed, such that the stabilizer strap 170 retains the portion of the airbag cushion 110 to which it is attached at the interior of the housing 190. In other embodiments, the portion of the airbag cushion 110 to which the stabilizer strap 170 is attached may in fact exit the housing 190 through the deployment opening 196 before being retained in place by the stabilizer strap 170. In such instances, a portion of the airbag cushion 110 that is rearward of the attachment point on the cushion 110 can be maintained within the housing 190 due to the restraint provided by the stabilizer strap 170. In either attachment scenario, the stabilizer strap 170 can serve to retain at least a portion of the airbag cushion 110 within the housing 190. Moreover, in either attachment scenario, the stabilizer strap 170 serves to maintain a portion of the airbag cushion 110 in fixed relationship relative to the housing 190 during at least the latter stages of deployment of the airbag cushion 110.
In the illustrated embodiment, the catch 193 and the stabilizer aperture 192 are at approximately the same longitudinal position of the housing 190, with the catch 193 being forward of the stabilizer aperture 192. The catch 193 is at an upper end of the housing 190, whereas the aperture 192 is at a rearward end of the housing 190. The stabilizer aperture 192 can restrict movement of the stabilizer strap 170 further to the restriction provided by the catch 193. For example, location of the stabilizer aperture 192 and the catch 193 at different sides or ends of the housing 190 can cause the stabilizer strap 170 to extend about and frictionally engage the upper side of the stabilizer aperture 192. When the stabilizer strap 170 is under tension, such as at latter stages of deployment of the airbag cushion 110, the frictional engagement can prevent movement of the stabilizer strap 170 in the longitudinal direction. Moreover, the lateral side edges of the stabilizer aperture 192 likewise can prevent movement of the stabilizer strap 170 in the longitudinal direction. In the illustrated embodiment, longitudinal movement of the stabilizer strap 170 may be minimal in any event, as the alignment of the stabilizer aperture 192 and the catch 193 along a direction in which the airbag cushion 110 is deployed through the deployment opening 196 can generally directly counteract the forces that would tend to move the airbag cushion 110 out of the housing 190 at the latter stages of deployment.
Other suitable arrangements for the mounting component 191 are possible. For example, in some embodiments, the mounting component 191 comprises the stabilizer aperture 192 through which the stabilizer strap 170 can extend, and can further include a tab, an aperture for receiving mounting hardware (as well as the mounting hardware itself), a linear extension, or any other suitable arrangement for retaining the stabilizer strap 170 in fixed relation relative to the housing 190. In some embodiments, the stabilizer aperture 192 and the catch 193 are not aligned along a direction of initial deployment of the airbag cushion 110. In still other embodiments, the mounting component 191 may include only a stabilizer aperture 192, which may be shaped differently from that shown in FIG. 15, as discussed further below with respect to FIGS. 22-26.
The inflator 180 can be configured to be activated in response to predetermined vehicle conditions as detected or otherwise determined by vehicle sensors. Upon activation, the inflator 180 rapidly generates or releases inflation gas, which forces the airbag cushion 110 through the cover 198 and rapidly inflates the cushion 110. The inflator 180 may be of any suitable variety, such as pyrotechnic, stored gas, or a combination inflator. Additionally, the inflator 180 may comprise a single or multistage inflator. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, one or more vehicle sensors of a variety of types and configurations can be utilized to configure a set of predetermined conditions that will dictate whether the inflator 180 is activated. For example, in one embodiment, a seat rail sensor is utilized to detect how close or far away from an airbag deployment surface an occupant's seat is positioned. In another embodiment, a seat scale may be used to determine whether an occupant is occupying the seat and if so, ascertain an approximate weight of the occupant. In yet another embodiment, an optical or infrared sensor may be used to determine an occupant's approximate surface area and/or distance from an airbag deployment surface. In another embodiment, an accelerometer is employed to measure the magnitude of negative acceleration experienced by a vehicle, which may indicate whether an accident has occurred and the severity of the accident. Additionally, any suitable combination of these and/or other suitable sensor types may be used.
The inflator 180 can define openings 187 through which inflation gases exit the inflator 180 so as to inflate the inflatable airbag cushion 110. In the illustrated embodiment, the openings 187 are at an end of the inflator 180 that is opposite of the initiator end 186. The openings 187 can be at an intermediate position between the lateral ends 194, 195 of the housing 195. For example, the openings 187 can be no greater than about 1⁄4, 1⁄3, 1⁄2, or 2⁄3 the distance from the second lateral end 195 to the first lateral end 194. The inflation gases thus can be introduced into the inflatable void 118 of the inflatable airbag cushion 110 at an intermediate lateral position at a rearward end of the cushion 110.
Stated otherwise, the inflator 180 may not extend a full distance between the lateral ends 194, 195 of the housing 180. Accordingly, although a portion of the airbag cushion 110 may be mounted to the housing 190 via the inflator 180, the inflator 180 does not secure the airbag cushion 110 to the housing 190 along a full longitudinal extent of the housing 190. As discussed further below, such an arrangement could result in skewing of the airbag cushion 110 at latter stages of the inflation thereof, in the absence of the stabilizer strap 170 and the associated mounting component 191 of the housing 190. In the illustrated embodiment, the inflator 180 is coupled to the housing 190 at a position that is closer to the second lateral end 195 of the housing 190, and the mounting component 191 is closer to the first lateral end 194 of the housing 190. As previously discussed, such an offset position of the inflator 180 can facilitate access to the initiator 186 or electrical contacts of the inflator 180.
During the initial stages of deployment of the airbag cushion 110, pressure provided by the inflation gases can be sufficient to maintain the full rearward end of the airbag cushion 110 against an interior surface of the rearward end of the housing 190. However, as the airbag cushion 110 is fully inflated, with greater amounts of the airbag cushion 110 at an exterior of the housing and some or all of the airbag cushion 110 being in tension, the airbag cushion 110 can have a tendency to pull away from the housing 190. In the absence of the stabilizer strap 170 and the associated mounting component 191 of the housing 190, such pulling away of the airbag cushion 110 could skew and rotate the airbag cushion, since it would only be attached to a portion of the longitudinal extent of the housing 190 via the inflator 180 mounting structures (see FIG. 26 and associated discussion). The stabilizer strap 170 can counteract such skewing and rotational forces.
FIGS. 16-20 are various views of portions of another embodiment of an inflatable cushion airbag assembly 200, wherein the figures depict structures used in a method for coupling an inflator 280 to an airbag cushion membrane 210 and airbag housing 290. The figures also depict a stabilizer strap 270 that aids the cushion in achieving predetermined deployment characteristics. Inflatable cushion airbag assembly 200 can resemble the airbag assembly 100 described above in certain respects. Accordingly, like features are designated with like reference numerals, with the leading digits incremented to “2.” Relevant disclosure set forth above regarding similarly identified features thus may not be repeated hereafter. Moreover, specific features of the airbag assembly 200 may not be shown or identified by a reference numeral in the drawings or specifically discussed in the written description that follows. However, such features may clearly be the same, or substantially the same, as features depicted in other embodiments and/or described with respect to such embodiments. Accordingly, the relevant descriptions of such features apply equally to the features of the airbag assembly 200. Any suitable combination of the features and variations of the same described with respect to the airbag assembly 100 can be employed with the airbag assembly 200, and vice versa.
FIG. 16 is a close-up cutaway, perspective view of a portion of inflatable cushion airbag assembly 200. Inflatable cushion membrane 210 may be configured like cushion membrane 110, described herein, or cushion 210 may be configured differently. Cushion 210 defines and inflatable void that is formed by a seam 207 that comprises stitching 206. Cushion 210 may comprise a stabilizer strap 270 that is formed by a loop of nylon webbing that defines a mounting aperture 272. Strap 270 may be about 10 mm wide and has a predetermined length. Stitching 271 may be employed to couple strap 270 to cushion 210.
FIG. 17 is a rear perspective view of airbag assembly 200 at an intermediate stage of manufacture, wherein airbag cushion 210 is located adjacent to housing 290 prior to the cushion being coupled to the housing 290. The housing 290 can define a cavity that faces downward in the orientation shown in FIG. 17. Accordingly, the airbag cushion 210 is shown adjacent to a front sidewall (not shown in FIG. 17; see FIG. 18) of the housing 290 in FIG. 17. Cushion 210 comprises a folded middle portion 204, an inflator attachment area 220, an inflator insert aperture 223, and an inflator stem aperture 224. Strap 270 may be positioned on cushion 210 such that a lowest portion 273 of stitching 271 is aligned with the centers of apertures 223 and 224. Mounting aperture 272 of strap 270 is configured to be received by a catch 293 located on the housing 290, as discussed further below with respect to FIG. 18. In the illustrated embodiment, the catch 293 comprises a hook that extends outwardly from an exterior surface of the housing and extends generally in the longitudinal direction. As can be appreciated, the catch 293 is a mechanical feature that is permanently fixed relative to the at least the neighboring portions of the housing 290. As the illustrated embodiment of the housing 290 is rigid and generally non-deformable, the catch 293 may be fixed relative to an entirety of the housing 290. As may also be appreciated, the catch 293 is devoid of moving parts. Housing 290 also comprises apertures 299 that are configured to receive inflator mounting stems.
FIG. 18 is a close-up cutaway front perspective view of assembly 200 in which a stabilizer strap aperture 292 of the housing 290 is visible. The stabilizer strap aperture 292 may also be referred to as a stabilizer opening or aperture or as a strap aperture. Stabilizer strap 270 protrudes forwardly through strap aperture 292 and is wrapped around a forward end of the housing 290 so as to extend rearwardly to the catch 293. The strap mounting aperture 272 is configured to fit over and be retained by catch 293.
Stated otherwise, with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18, the housing 290 defines an attachment component 291, which includes the stabilizer aperture 292 and the catch 293. The stabilizer aperture 292 is at a forward end of the housing 290. The catch 293 extends outwardly from an upper surface of the housing 290. A portion of the stabilizer strap 270 extends forwardly from the interior of the housing through the stabilizer strap aperture 292 and is retained on the catch 293. The mounting aperture 272 is advanced over the catch 293, or stated otherwise, the catch 293 extends through the mounting aperture 272. Accordingly, at least a portion of the stabilizer strap 270 may be said to extend about or encompass the catch 293 so as to fixedly attach the stabilizer strap 270 to the housing 290.
When the inflatable airbag cushion 210 is deployed, the catch 293 retains a portion of the stabilizer strap 270 at an exterior of the housing 290. Accordingly, the portion of the stabilizer strap 270 that is attached to the airbag cushion 210 is retained in a generally fixed relationship relative to the housing 290. This fixed relationship is maintained throughout an entirety of a deployment event.
In the illustrated embodiment, the catch 293 and the stabilizer aperture 292 are at approximately the same longitudinal position of the housing 290, with the stabilizer aperture 292 being forward of the catch 293. The catch 293 is at an upper end of the housing 290, whereas the aperture 292 is at a forward end of the housing 290. The stabilizer aperture 292 can restrict movement of the stabilizer strap 270 further to the restriction provided by the catch 293. For example, location of the stabilizer aperture 292 and the catch 293 at different sides or ends of the housing 290 can cause the stabilizer strap 270 to extend about and frictionally engage the upper side of the stabilizer aperture 292 (see FIG. 18). When the stabilizer strap 270 is under tension, such as at latter stages of deployment of the airbag cushion 210, the frictional engagement can prevent movement of the stabilizer strap 270 in the longitudinal direction. Moreover, the lateral side edges of the stabilizer aperture 292 likewise can prevent movement of the stabilizer strap 270 in the longitudinal direction. In the illustrated embodiment, longitudinal movement of the stabilizer strap 270 may be minimal in any event, as the alignment of the stabilizer aperture 292 and the catch 293 along a direction in which the airbag cushion 210 is deployed from the housing 290 can generally directly counteract the forces that would tend to move the airbag cushion 210 out of the housing 290 at the latter stages of deployment.
FIGS. 19A-20 are perspective views of a portion of inflatable cushion airbag assembly 200, wherein the figures depict a method and structures for coupling an inflator 280 to the airbag cushion membrane 210 and to the airbag housing 290. Inflator 280, cushion 210, and housing 290 are configured such that they may be employed in a method for coupling an airbag cushion to an airbag housing.
FIG. 19A is a close-up cutaway perspective view of a portion inflatable cushion airbag assembly 200, which depicts a first step in the method, wherein the step may comprise inserting first end 285 of inflator 280. Also, first inflator stem 282 is inserted into inflator insert aperture 223 of cushion 210. Cushion 210 comprises inflator insert aperture 223 and inflator stem aperture 224, which have diameters D3 and D2, respectively, which are of predetermined magnitudes. Diameter D2 of inflator mounting stem aperture 224 is configured such that it can receive a mounting stem from an inflator. As such the diameter of the mounting stem aperture may be about equal to, or slightly larger than the diameter of the mounting stem. Diameter D3 of aperture 223 is configured such that the aperture can accommodate the diameter D4 of inflator 280. As such, D3 of aperture 223 may be greater than the diameter D4 of inflator 280, or the diameters may be of about equal magnitude. In some embodiments, the magnitude of D2 may be from about 4.0 mm to about 8.0 mm. In one embodiment, D2 has a magnitude of about 6.5 mm. In some embodiments, the magnitude of D3 may be from about 20 mm to about 30 mm. In one embodiment, D3 has a magnitude of about 25 mm. The inflator insert aperture and/or the inflator mounting stem aperture may be strengthened and/or reinforced by stitching or additional material. In some embodiments, the magnitude of inflator diameter D4 may be from about 20 mm to about 30 mm. In one embodiment, D4 has a magnitude of about 25 mm.
Inflator 280 may comprises a pyrotechnic inflator with a tubular body 281, from which first and second mounting stems 282 and 283 protrude perpendicularly from the inflator body. The inflator 280 defines a first end 285 and a second end 287, wherein the first end 285 may have one or more vents 286 through which inflation gas can be expelled. Inflator 280 comprises a predetermined length L4. In some embodiments, the magnitude of inflator length L4 may be from about 100 mm to about 120 mm. In one embodiment, L4 has a magnitude of about 108 mm. A distance between mounting stems may be from about 70 mm to about 90 mm. In one embodiment, the distance between mounting stems is about 80 mm. As such, the distance between the inflator insert aperture and the inflator mounting stem aperture may be from about 100 mm to about 120 mm, and in one embodiment, the distance is about 80 mm.
FIG. 19B is a close-up cutaway perspective view of the inflatable cushion airbag assembly of FIG. 19A after first end 285 and first mounting stem 282 of the inflator has been inserted into the inflator insert aperture. The method may further comprise pushing inflator 280 toward inflator stem aperture 224 of cushion 210. Inflator 280 may continue to be pushed in the direction of inflator stem aperture 224 until first inflator stem 282 is approximately aligned with aperture 224, but second end 287 has not been pushed through inflator insert aperture 223.
FIG. 19C is a close-up cutaway perspective view of the inflatable cushion airbag assembly 200 of FIG. 19B. A method for coupling an airbag cushion to an airbag housing via an inflator may further comprise threading or advancing first mounting stem 282 through inflator stem aperture 224. When inflator 280 is positioned properly, first end 285 is located within cushion 210, inflator stem 282 protrudes through aperture 224, and second inflator stem 283 and second end 287 protrude through aperture 223. Stem 283 may abut cushion 210 at a rim of aperture 223. The diameters of first inflator stem 282 and inflator stud aperture 224 may be configured such that during deployment, the junction between the stem and the aperture is substantially airtight. Likewise, the diameters of inflator body 281 and inflator insert aperture 223 may be configured such that during deployment, the junction between the inflator and the aperture is substantially airtight.
FIG. 20 is a close-up cutaway perspective view of the inflatable cushion airbag assembly 200 after another step in a method for attaching an inflator has been performed. The method may further comprise threading or advancing first and second inflator stems 282 and 283 of inflator 280 through corresponding housing mounting apertures 299 (see also FIG. 17). Cushion 210 may then be fixedly attached to housing 290 via mounting hardware, such as bolts 284, that matingly engage first and second inflator stems 282 and 283. The previous methods may be said to be methods for attaching an inflator or methods for attaching an airbag cushion to an airbag housing.
FIG. 20 also depicts the stabilizer strap 270 after the strap has been threaded through the strap aperture 292 (FIG. 18) and has been received by the catch 293. Stabilizer strap 270 may or may not be used in combination with the structures associated with the methods for coupling an airbag cushion to a housing via an inflator, as described above. Stabilizer strap 270 may be used in combination with cushion 210 and inflator 280, so that during inflatable airbag cushion deployment, the cushion does not rotate around the inflator and cushion attachment points. As such, the stabilizer strap prohibits the airbag cushion from skewing during deployment. Further discussion of the type of rotation and skewing that can be prevented by the stabilizer strap 270 is further discussed below with respect to FIG. 26.
FIGS. 21-26 depict another embodiment of an inflatable cushion airbag assembly 300 that can resemble the airbag assemblies 100, 200 described above in certain respects. Accordingly, like features are designated with like reference numerals, with the leading digits incremented to “3.” Relevant disclosure set forth above regarding similarly identified features thus may not be repeated hereafter. Moreover, specific features of the airbag assembly 300 may not be shown or identified by a reference numeral in the drawings or specifically discussed in the written description that follows. However, such features may clearly be the same, or substantially the same, as features depicted in other embodiments and/or described with respect to such embodiments. Accordingly, the relevant descriptions of such features apply equally to the features of the airbag assembly 300. Any suitable combination of the features and variations of the same described with respect to the airbag assemblies 100, 200 can be employed with the airbag assembly 300, and vice versa.
With reference to FIG. 21, the airbag assembly 300 can include an inflatable airbag cushion 310, such as those described above. For example, the airbag cushion 310 can be sized, shaped, and/or otherwise configured for use as a knee airbag. A stabilizer strap 370 can be coupled with the airbag cushion 310 in any suitable manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the stabilizer strap 370 is attached to the airbag cushion 310 via stitching 371. The stabilizer strap 370 can include multiple portions that have different thicknesses.
With reference to FIGS. 21 and 24, in the illustrated embodiment, the stabilizer strap 370 includes a thin portion 374 and a thick portion 375. The thin portion 374 may also be referred to as a “threading portion” and the thick portion 375 may also be referred to as a “retaining portion” or “stopping element,” which terms are interchangeable, for reasons that will be apparent from the discussion below. The terms “thin” and “thick” are used relative to the stabilizer strap 370 itself. Thus, the stopping element or retaining portion 375 is thicker than the threading portion 374. Moreover, as can be appreciated from the discussion hereafter, the retaining portion 375 can have multiple thicknesses. In the illustrated embodiment, the retaining portion 375 defines a different thickness at either side of the threading portion 374, each of which is thicker than the threading portion 374 itself.
In the illustrated embodiment, the stabilizer strap 370 comprises a unitary piece of strap material of any suitable variety. For example, in various embodiments, the strap material can comprise any suitable fabric, such as, e.g., nylon webbing. The threading portion 374 is formed from a single layer of the strap material, whereas the retaining portion 375 is formed from multiple layers of the strap material. In particular, the retaining portion 375 can be formed by rolling or folding the single layer of strap material back on itself two times and thereafter securing stitching 376 through the resultant three layers of the strap material. In the illustrated embodiment, the stitching 376 is formed at an approximate midpoint of the three-layered portion of the folded strap material. As a result, when the retaining portion 375 is oriented so as to extend laterally relative to the threading portion 374, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 24, the retaining portion 375 includes two overlapping layers of the strap material on one side of the stitching 376 and three overlapping layers of the strap material on the other side of the stitching 376. Accordingly, in the illustrated embodiment, the retaining portion 375 of the stabilizer strap 370 thus includes a layered section of material (e.g., fabric material) of which the stabilizer strap 370 is formed. The stabilizer strap 370 substantially defines a T-shape when the retaining portion 375 is oriented transversely relative to the threading portion 374. In the illustrated embodiment, the retaining portion 375 extends laterally outwardly from the threading portion 374 by about the same distance on either side of the threading portion 374.
As can be seen in FIG. 24, in the illustrated embodiment, a distal end of the strap material can be sandwiched between two layers of the strap material and thus positioned at an interior of the retaining portion 375. Moreover, the retaining portion 375 can be at a distal end of the stabilizer strap 370. In other embodiments, the retaining portion 375 of the stabilizer strap 370 may be at a more intermediate position of the stabilizer strap 370 (e.g., the threading portion 374 may extend both distally and proximally relative to the retaining portion 375). However, in the illustrated embodiment, the T-shape of the stabilizer strap 370, in which the retaining portion 375 is at the distal end of the threading portion 374, can be complementary to a T-shaped portion of a housing 390 portion of the assembly 300. Such an arrangement can facilitate or otherwise aid in manufacture of the assembly 300, as further discussed below.
With reference to FIG. 22, the housing 390 can define a mounting component 391 that is configured to interact with the stabilizer strap 370 so as to maintain at least a portion of the stabilizer strap 370 fixed relative to the housing 390 during deployment of the airbag cushion 310. In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting component 391 comprises a stabilizer aperture 392. The stabilizer aperture 392 may be formed in any suitable manner, such as, for example, stamping, milling, laser cutting, etc. The stabilizer aperture 392 comprises an opening through the housing 390 and a portion of the housing 390 that borders the opening, which portion of the housing 390 can interact with the stabilizer strap 370 to retain a portion of the stabilizer strap 370 at an exterior of the housing 390 throughout a deployment event, as further discussed below. The stabilizer aperture 392 is thus a mechanical feature that is permanently fixed relative to neighboring portions of the housing. The stabilizer aperture 392 is also devoid of moving parts.
The airbag cushion 310 and the housing 390 are shown in a pre-assembled state in FIG. 22. A method for coupling the stabilizer strap 370 with the housing 390 via the stabilizer aperture 392 is discussed hereafter with respect to FIGS. 23A-23D. Various dimensions of the stabilizer strap 370 and the opening 392 that are identified in FIG. 23D (i.e., SW1 and SW3) and in FIG. 24 (i.e., ST1, ST2, and SW2) will be noted in this discussion.
FIG. 23A depicts an interior surface of the housing 390. As shown, the stabilizer aperture 392 can include two substantially linear sections 392a, 392b that extend substantially perpendicularly to each other. Stated otherwise, the stabilizer aperture 392 can define a T-shape that is substantially complimentary to the T-shape of the stabilizer strap 370. In some embodiments, as further discussed below, at least a portion of the T-shape of the aperture 392 is slightly larger than the T-shaped portion of the stabilizer strap 370. In the illustrated embodiment, the width SW1 (FIG. 23D) of the section 392a is greater than the width SW2 (FIG. 24) of the section 392b. Thus, the section 392a may be referred to herein as the wide or wider section 392a, whereas the section 392b may be referred to as the thin or thinner section 392b. Moreover, for reasons that will be apparent from the following discussion, the section 392a may also be referred to as the insertion section 392a, and the section 392b may be referred to as the retention section 392b. 
With reference to both FIGS. 23A and 26, in the illustrated embodiment, the insertion section 392a extends substantially transversely relative to the longitudinal direction, and is elongated in a direction that roughly corresponds to at least an early stage deployment direction of the airbag cushion 310, which is identified in FIG. 26 by the arrow labeled “DEPLOY.” The retention section 392b is elongated in the longitudinal direction, and thus extends substantially transversely to the airbag's general deployment direction. It is noted that the airbag cushion 310 does not deploy in a single direction, although it does generally deploy in a forward direction relative to the housing 390. For example, in some embodiments, the airbag cushion 310 may initially proceed downward out of the housing 390 so as to open a cover (not shown) at the bottom of the housing 390, may then proceed forwardly in a substantially horizontal direction, and may thereafter expand both upwardly and forwardly along a bottom of an instrument panel, which can be a desirable trajectory for knee airbags. Accordingly, the deployment direction “DEPLOY” is provided in FIG. 26 to generally illustrate an overall or net direction in which the airbag cushion 310 proceeds when it deploys from the housing 390.
With reference again to FIG. 23A, in an initial stage of coupling the stabilizer strap 370 with the housing 390, the stabilizer strap 370 can be aligned with the stabilizer opening 392 such that the retaining portion 375 of the stabilizer strap 370 correlates with (e.g., is coplanar with) a central axis of the insertion section 392a of the opening 392, and such that the thin portion of the stabilizer strap 370 correlates with (e.g., is coplanar with) a central axis of the retention section 392b of the opening 392. As shown by the bold arrow in FIG. 23A, the stabilizer strap 370 can be advanced toward the stabilizer opening 392 while in this orientation.
As depicted in FIG. 23B, an end portion of the stabilizer strap 370 can be advanced through the stabilizer opening 392. During this advancement stage, a longitudinal axis of the stabilizer strap 370 can be angled relative to the wall of the housing 390 that defines the opening 390. This angle can be affected by the length of the retention section 392b. A greater length of the retention section 392b can result in a smaller angle between the stabilizer strap 370 and the housing wall. Due to this angled relationship between the strap 370 and the housing, and due to a thickness of the housing wall, in some embodiments, it can be desirable for a width of the insertion section 392a of the stabilizer opening 390 to be somewhat greater than a thickness of the retaining portion 375 of the stabilizer strap 370 to ensure that the retaining portion 375 can readily pass through the insertion section 392a. 
As depicted in FIG. 23C, after the retaining portion 375 of the stabilizer strap 370 has passed through the insertion section 392a of the opening 390, the stabilizer strap 370 can be rotated. The retaining portion 375 is thus at an exterior of the housing 390, while at least a portion of the threading portion 374 remains at an interior of the housing 390.
As depicted in FIG. 23D, the stabilizer strap 370 can be advanced through the retention section 392b of the opening 392 to an end thereof that is opposite the insertion section 392a. In various embodiments, a width SW2 of the retention section 392b can be about the same as or greater than the thickness ST2 of the threading portion 374 of the stabilizer strap 370 so as to facilitate such lateral movement of the stabilizer strap 370 therein. In other embodiments, the width SW2 of the retention section 392b can instead be slightly less than the thickness ST2 of the threading portion 374 so as to permit such lateral movement of the stabilizer strap 370, but also provide frictional resistance to such lateral movement. In either case, the width SW2 (FIG. 24) of the retention section 392b can desirably be less than a maximum thickness ST1 (FIG. 24) of the retaining portion 375 of the stabilizer strap 370, which can prevent the retaining portion 375 from being pulled from an exterior of the housing 390 into the interior of the housing 390 through the retention section 392b of the opening 392. Moreover, the width SW3 (FIG. 23D) of the stabilizer strap 370 can desirably be greater than the width SW1 (FIG. 23D) of the insertion section 392a of the opening 390, which also can prevent the retaining portion 375 from being pulled from the exterior of the housing 390 into the interior or the housing 390 through the insertion section 392a of the opening 392, in the event that the stabilizer strap 370 were to be pulled back toward the insertion section 392a. 
With reference to FIG. 24, in other embodiments, the maximum thickness ST1 of the retaining portion 375 of the stabilizer strap 370 may be less than the width SW2 of the retention section 392b of the opening 392. In such instances, the portion of the housing 390 that defines the retention section 392b can still prevent the retaining portion 375 from being pulled into the housing 290 because the portions of the retaining portion 375 that extend outwardly from the stitching 376 can bunch together as the stabilizer strap 370 is paced under tension, which can result in a mass of strap material having a greater thickness than the width SW2 of the retention section 392b. 
FIG. 25 illustrates a partially assembled airbag assembly 300. A rearward end of the airbag cushion 310 has been coupled with the housing 390. The airbag cushion 310 is shown in an extended or unpackaged state. In other manufacturing processes, the airbag cushion 310 can be placed in a packaged state in manners such as described above prior to being coupled with the housing 390.
At one lateral end of the housing 390, the stabilizer strap 370 has been coupled with the mounting component 391 (i.e., the stabilizer opening 392). Thus the airbag cushion 310 is secured to the housing 390 at that lateral end of the housing 390. At the other lateral end of the housing 390, the inflator 380 has been coupled with the housing 390 via inflator stems 382, 383 and mounting hardware 384. The airbag cushion 390 can be sandwiched or held between the inflator 380 and the housing 390 in such an arrangement, as discussed above. Accordingly, the airbag cushion 310 is secured to the housing 390 at both lateral ends of the housing 390. Such an arrangement can permit a balanced or stable deployment of the airbag cushion 310.
FIG. 26 is a top plan view of an embodiment of the assembly 300 in which the airbag cushion 310 is fully deployed. In the illustrated embodiment, the airbag cushion 310 extends horizontally from the housing 390 for a short distance and then curves vertically upward (i.e., out of the page). In other embodiments, the curvature of the airbag cushion 310 toward the upper or distal end may be more gradual. For example, rather than extending substantially vertically (e.g., at about 90 degrees to the horizontal plane), an upper portion of the airbag cushion 310 may extend upward at a more gradual angle. In some embodiments, the airbag cushion 310 may instead follow the contour of a lower surface of a front panel or control panel of a vehicle.
As previously discussed, the stabilizer strap 370 can maintain a rearward end of the airbag cushion 310 within the housing 390 and can prevent the airbag cushion 310 from rotating or skewing. At one lateral end of the housing 390, the airbag cushion 310 is secured to the housing 390 via the inflator 380 and its associated stems 382, 383 and mounting hardware 384. However, if the inflatable airbag 310 were not secured at the other lateral end of the housing 390, the unsecured portion could have a tendency to exit the housing 390, which could result in skewing and/or rotation of the airbag 310 in an undesirable manner. An example of the skewing and rotation that could occur is shown in phantom lines in FIG. 26. In particular, the airbag cushion 310 could skew or rotate about the inflator 380—e.g., about the portion of the airbag cushion 310 that is secured to the housing 390 via the inflator 380. Such skewing and rotation may also be described relative to a central axis ACENT that passes through a center of an upper portion of the airbag cushion 310. In the illustrated embodiment, the central axis ACENT is substantially vertical (e.g., extends into and out of the page). In other embodiments, the central axis ACENT can define another angle relative to the horizontal plane (i.e., the plane of the page). The central axis ACENT can be contained within a vertical plane “VERT” that bisects the longitudinal axis ALONG of the housing 390. The airbag cushion 310 can rotate about and/or skew relative to the central axis ACENT when a lateral end of the airbag cushion 310 is unsecured.
As can be seen in FIG. 26, the stabilizer strap 370 prevents such rotation and skewing of the airbag cushion 310. In particular, the stabilizer strap 370 maintains that portion of the airbag cushion 310 that is attached thereto via the stitching 371 in a substantially fixed position relative to the housing 390.
In certain embodiments, the stabilizer opening 392 is oriented such that the insertion section 392a is substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis ALONG of the housing 390 and the retention section 392b is either parallel to (as shown) or collinear with the longitudinal axis ALONG of the housing 390. Moreover, the insertion section 392a is at an outward lateral position and the retention section 392b extends away from the insertion section 392a toward a center of the housing 390 (e.g., toward the vertical central plane of the housing 390). In such an arrangement, the deployment forces that would generally tend to rotate or skew the airbag cushion 310 instead urge the stabilizer strap 370 toward the end of the stabilizer opening 392 that is opposite from the insertion section 392a, which reduces the risk that the stabilizer strap 370 will be pulled free of the housing 390 through the insertion section 392a. In the illustrated embodiment, the retention section 392b of the stabilizer opening 392 is aligned with the mounting hardware 384 and stems 382, 383 of the inflator 380, which can result in the airbag cushion 310 deploying a substantially uniform distance from the housing 390 along its full lateral width. However, other arrangements in which the stabilizer opening 392 is not so aligned are also possible, since, for example, the stabilizer strap 370 may have different lengths in other embodiments.
The assembly 300 can be advantageous as it provides a simple and secure manner for attaching a free end of an airbag cushion 310 to the housing 390. Moreover, the arrangement can reduce material costs and facilitate assembly. For example, the stabilizer strap 370 is formed from a single piece of material, and the stabilizer strap 370 is not looped about a separate catch or other member that extends from the housing.
Other embodiments are also contemplated which are not shown in the drawings. For example, the stabilizer strap 370 can be formed in other manners. In some embodiments, rather than folding and sewing a single piece of material, a separate piece may be sewn to a piece of strap material. For example, the retaining portion 375 may instead be formed by a button-like piece of a hard material (e.g., plastic or metal) that is sewn to the end of a length of strap material.
FIGS. 27-29 depict another embodiment of an inflatable cushion airbag assembly 400 that can resemble the airbag assemblies 100, 200, 300 described above in certain respects. Accordingly, like features are designated with like reference numerals, with the leading digits incremented to “4.” Relevant disclosure set forth above regarding similarly identified features thus may not be repeated hereafter. Moreover, specific features of the airbag assembly 400 may not be shown or identified by a reference numeral in the drawings or specifically discussed in the written description that follows. However, such features may clearly be the same, or substantially the same, as features depicted in other embodiments and/or described with respect to such embodiments. Accordingly, the relevant descriptions of such features apply equally to the features of the airbag assembly 400. Any suitable combination of the features and variations of the same described with respect to the airbag assemblies 100, 200, 300 can be employed with the airbag assembly 400, and vice versa.
With reference to FIG. 27, the airbag assembly 400 can include an inflatable airbag cushion 410, such as those described above. For example, the airbag cushion 410 can be sized, shaped, and/or otherwise configured for use as a knee airbag. Any desired number of stabilizer straps 470 can be coupled with the airbag cushion 410 in any suitable manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the assembly 400 includes two stabilizer straps 470, as discussed further below. Each stabilizer strap 470 can include a retaining portion 475, which in the illustrated embodiment, is formed of an end section of the stabilizer strap 475 that has been folded over and stitched in a manner such as discussed above with respect to the retaining portion 375. In the illustrated embodiment, the stabilizer straps 470 are at opposite sides of the airbag cushion 410. The airbag cushion 410 may include an inflator insert aperture 423 and in inflator step aperture 424, and a separate stabilizer strap 470 can be attached to the airbag cushion 410 at either side of the apertures 423, 424. In the illustrated embodiment, the apertures 423, 424 and the attachment regions of the stabilizer straps 470 are substantially aligned (e.g., are substantially collinear) with each other. Other arrangements are also contemplated.
The airbag assembly 400 can further include a housing 490 within which the airbag cushion 410 can be packaged. The housing 490 can resemble the housing 390 discussed above, except that the housing 490 includes any suitable number of attachment components 491 that are each configured to be coupled with a separate stabilizer strap 470. In the illustrated embodiment, the housing 490 includes two attachment components 491 that are positioned toward either lateral end 494, 495, the housing 490.
With reference to FIGS. 28 and 29, in the illustrated embodiment, each attachment component 491 is defined by a stabilizer aperture 492, each of which includes an insertion section 492a and a retention section 492b. As shown in FIG. 29, the insertion sections 492a can be positioned nearest the lateral ends of the housing 490, and the retention sections 492b can extend from the insertion sections 492a inwardly toward a central vertical plane VERT of the housing 490. The stabilizer straps 470 can be coupled with the stabilizer apertures 492 in manners such as described above, such that each stabilizer strap 470 cooperates with a stabilizer aperture 492 to limit movement of the airbag cushion 410, relative to the housing 490, of the portion of the airbag cushion 410 that is coupled to the stabilizer strap 470 (e.g., via stitching 471) so as to prevent skewing of the airbag cushion 410 during deployment thereof.
With reference again to FIGS. 28 and 29, the airbag cushion 410 can be attached to the housing 490 in manners such as discussed above. In the illustrated embodiment, the inflator 480 is inserted into the inflator insert aperture 423, and a mounting stem 482 that extends from the inflator 480 is threaded through the inflator stem aperture 424 from an interior of the airbag cushion 410 to an exterior thereof. Another mounting stem 483 protrudes through at least a portion of the inflator insert aperture 423 (see FIG. 19C). The inflator 480 is then coupled with the housing 490 via the inflator stems 482, 483 and mounting hardware 484. The airbag cushion 490 can be sandwiched or held between the inflator 480 and the housing 490 in such an arrangement, as discussed above. The airbag cushion 410 thus can be securely fastened to the housing 490 at an intermediate or central region thereof via the inflator 480. Further, the stabilizer straps 470 can be spaced from either lateral end of the inflator 480 so as to secure the airbag cushion 410 to the housing 490 at both lateral ends of the housing 490. Such an arrangement can permit a balanced or stable deployment of the airbag cushion 410.
FIGS. 30A and 30B illustrate a deployment sequence of another embodiment of an airbag assembly 500, which can resemble the airbag assemblies 100, 200, 300, 400 described above in certain respects. Accordingly, like features are designated with like reference numerals, with the leading digits incremented to “5.” Relevant disclosure set forth above regarding similarly identified features thus may not be repeated hereafter. Moreover, specific features of the airbag assembly 500 may not be shown or identified by a reference numeral in the drawings or specifically discussed in the written description that follows. However, such features may clearly be the same, or substantially the same, as features depicted in other embodiments and/or described with respect to such embodiments. Accordingly, the relevant descriptions of such features apply equally to the features of the airbag assembly 500. Any suitable combination of the features and variations of the same described with respect to the airbag assemblies 100, 200, 300, 400 can be employed with the airbag assembly 500, and vice versa.
As shown in FIG. 30A, the airbag assembly 500 includes an airbag 510 that is in a packaged state within a housing 590. The housing 590 defines a deployment opening 596 that is closed via a cover 598. The airbag 510 is secured to the housing 590 via an inflator 580 in a manner such as described above, although mounting hardware is not shown in FIGS. 30A and 30B. The assembly 500 is secured to an underside of an instrument panel or dashboard 501. The housing 590 can define one or more stabilizer apertures (not shown; see, e.g., FIG. 29) through which one or more stabilizer straps 570, respectively, can extend such that a retaining portion 575 of each strap 570 can be retained at an exterior of the housing 590. The stabilizer strap 570 is attached to the airbag 510 in any suitable manner, such as discussed above. As can be appreciated from FIG. 30A, the stabilizer aperture and the deployment aperture 596 are at opposite sides of the housing 590.
FIG. 30B illustrates the airbag 510 in a partially deployed state (in broken lines) and a fully deployed state (in solid lines). The airbag 510 can be configured to inflate along an underside of the dashboard 501 in an upward direction. During deployment of the airbag cushion 510, particularly once the airbag 510 has been fully inflated as shown, the stabilizer strap or straps 570 can prevent skewing of the airbag cushion 510.
FIGS. 31-34 depict another embodiment of an inflatable cushion airbag assembly 600 that can resemble the airbag assemblies described above in certain respects. With reference to FIG. 31, the airbag assembly 600 can include an inflatable airbag cushion 610, such as those described above. For example, the airbag cushion 610 can be sized, shaped, and/or otherwise configured for use as a knee airbag, although other configurations are possible. A stabilizer strap 670 can be coupled with the airbag cushion 610 in any suitable manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the stabilizer strap 670 is attached to the airbag cushion 610 via stitching 671. The stabilizer strap 670 can include multiple portions that have different thicknesses.
With reference to FIGS. 31 and 34, in the illustrated embodiment, the stabilizer strap 670 includes a thin portion, or threading portion 674 and a thick portion, retaining portion, or stopping element 675. As with similar embodiments discussed above, the stopping element 675 of the illustrated embodiment is formed by a multi-layer region 605, which may also be referred to as a layered region. In the illustrated embodiment, the multi-layer region 605 is formed by doubling over a portion of the material (e.g., fabric material, such as nylon webbing) of which the stabilizer strap 670 is formed and securing the doubled over portion of the stabilizer strap 670 to itself via stitching 676. In the illustrated embodiment, the fabric material is doubled over twice such that the stitching 676 passes through three layers of the fabric material. This results in a two-layer region and a three-layer region at either side of the stitching 676. The multi-layer region 605 includes both the two-layer and three-layer portions of the stabilizer strap 670, which are configured to be situated at an exterior of a housing 690 (see FIGS. 33A-34). Accordingly, the stabilizer strap 670 can closely resemble the stabilizer strap 370 discussed above in many respects.
Stated otherwise, in the illustrated embodiment, the stabilizer strap 670 comprises a unitary piece of strap material of any suitable variety. The threading portion 674 is formed from a single layer of the strap material, whereas the stopping element 675 is formed from multiple layers of the strap material. In particular, the stopping element 675 can be formed by rolling or folding the single layer of strap material back on itself two times and thereafter securing stitching 676 through the resultant three layers of the strap material. In the illustrated embodiment, the stitching 676 is formed at an approximate midpoint of the three-layered portion of the folded strap material. As a result, when the stopping element 675 is oriented so as to extend laterally relative to the threading portion 674, as shown in FIGS. 21 and 24, the stopping element 675 includes two overlapping layers of the strap material on one side of the stitching 676 and three overlapping layers of the strap material on the other side of the stitching 676. Accordingly, in the illustrated embodiment, the stopping element 675 of the stabilizer strap 670 thus includes the layered section, or multi-layer region 605 of material of which the stabilizer strap 670 is formed. The stabilizer strap 670 substantially defines a T-shape when the stopping element 675 is oriented transversely relative to the threading portion 674. In the illustrated embodiment, the stopping element 675 extends laterally outwardly from the threading portion 674 by about the same distance on either side of the threading portion 674.
The stabilizer strap 670 further includes a stopping element 677 that is configured to interact with the housing 690 to restrict an amount of the stabilizer strap 670 that is permitted to extend to an exterior of the housing 690. In the illustrated embodiment, the stopping element 677 includes one or more rows of stitching 679, as discussed further below.
With reference to FIG. 22, the housing 690 can define a mounting component 691 that is configured to interact with the external stopping element 675 so as to maintain at least a portion of the stabilizer strap 670 fixed relative to the housing 690 during deployment of the airbag cushion 610. In the illustrated embodiment, the mounting component 691 comprises a stabilizer aperture 692. The stabilizer aperture 692 may be formed in any suitable manner, such as, for example, stamping, milling, laser cutting, etc. The stabilizer aperture 692 comprises an opening through the housing 690 and a portion of the housing 690 that borders the opening, which portion of the housing 690 can interact with the stopping element 675 to retain a portion of the stabilizer strap 670 at an exterior of the housing 690 throughout a deployment event, as discussed above with respect to the retaining portion, or stopping element, 375.
As further discussed below, the stabilizer aperture 692, which comprises the opening through the housing 690 and bordering portions of the housing 690, can likewise cooperate with the internal stopping element 677 to maintain a predetermined amount of the stabilizer strap 670 at an interior of the housing 690 during assembly of the airbag assembly 600, installation of the airbag assembly 600 within a vehicle, and/or deployment of the airbag cushion 610 (although the external stopping element 675 is generally more involved during deployment).
The airbag cushion 610 and the housing 690 are shown in a pre-assembled state in FIG. 32. A method for coupling the stabilizer strap 670 with the housing 690 via the stabilizer aperture 692 is discussed hereafter with respect to FIGS. 33A-33D. Various dimensions of the stabilizer strap 670 and the opening 692 that are identified in FIG. 33D (i.e., SW1 and SW3) and in FIG. 34 (i.e., ST1, ST2, and SW2) are the same as the dimensions identified above with respect to the assembly 300. However, two additional dimensions are also identified in FIG. 34, which are not discussed with respect to the assembly 300 or are not present therein. In particular, a thickness ST3 of the double-layered portion of the external stopping element 675 is identified in FIG. 34. This thickness represents the minimum thickness, or minimum diameter, of the stopping element 675. The maximum width, or diameter, ST1 of the stopping element 675, however, is the same as the like-identified dimension in the assembly 300. Additionally, FIG. 34 identifies a width (e.g., a maximum width) WSTOP1 of the internal stopping element 677. The various dimensions will be referenced in the discussion that follows.
FIG. 33A depicts an interior surface of the housing 690. As shown, the stabilizer aperture 692 can include two substantially linear sections 692a, 692b that extend substantially perpendicularly to each other. Stated otherwise, the stabilizer aperture 692 can define a T-shape that is substantially complimentary to the T-shape of the stabilizer strap 670. In some embodiments, as further discussed below, at least a portion of the T-shape of the aperture 692 is slightly larger than the T-shaped portion of the stabilizer strap 670. In the illustrated embodiment, the width SW1 (FIG. 33D) of the section 692a is greater than the width SW2 (FIG. 34) of the section 692b. Thus, the section 692a may be referred to herein as the wide or wider section 692a, whereas the section 692b may be referred to as the thin or thinner section 692b. Moreover, for reasons that will be apparent from the following discussion, the section 692a may also be referred to as the insertion section 692a, and the section 692b may be referred to as the retention section 692b. 
With reference to FIG. 33A, in the illustrated embodiment, the insertion section 692a extends substantially transversely relative to the longitudinal direction, and is elongated in a direction that roughly corresponds to at least an early stage deployment direction of the airbag cushion 610 (which is identified in FIG. 26 by the arrow labeled “DEPLOY”). The retention section 692b is elongated in the longitudinal direction, and thus extends substantially transversely to the airbag's general deployment direction.
With reference again to FIG. 33A, in an initial stage of coupling the stabilizer strap 670 with the housing 690, the stabilizer strap 670 can be aligned with the stabilizer opening 692 such that the stopping element 675 of the stabilizer strap 670 correlates with (e.g., is coplanar with) a central axis of the insertion section 692a of the opening 692, and such that the thin portion of the stabilizer strap 670 correlates with (e.g., is coplanar with) a central axis of the retention section 692b of the opening 692. As shown by the bold arrow in FIG. 33A, the stabilizer strap 670 can be advanced toward the stabilizer opening 692 while in this orientation.
In the illustrated embodiment, the internal stopping element 677 comprises a set of stitching 679 that is generally rounded or arcuate in shape. The stitching 679 is distanced from the external stopping element 675 by a greater distance at one lateral edge of the stabilizer strap 670 than it is at an opposite lateral edge of the stabilizer strap 670. A minimum distance MD may be present between the internal stopping element 677 and the external stopping element 675. In the illustrated embodiment, the minimum distance MD is present at one of the lateral edges of the stabilizer strap 670. As can be seen in FIGS. 33A-33D, and as further discussed below, the arcuate shape of the stitching 679 may permit the stitching 679 to remain in close proximity to an internal surface of the housing 690 throughout coupling of the stabilizer strap 670 to the housing 690.
As further discussed below, the minimum distance MD between the internal stopping element 677 and the external stopping element 675 can be preselected to provide a desired amount of movement of the stopping elements 675, 677 relative to the housing 690 after installation of the stabilizer strap 670. In some embodiments, the minimum distance MD is at least great as a thickness HT of the housing (see FIGS. 33D and 34). In certain embodiments in which the minimum distance MD is about the same as the thickness HT of the housing 690, a distal end of the stabilizer strap 670 can be fixed relative to the housing 690. For example, the stopping elements 675, 677 can pinch the wall of the housing 690 to substantially prevent movement of the distal end of the stabilizer strap 670. In other embodiments, the minimum distance MD can be greater than the thickness HT of the housing 690 to permit some movement of the distal end of the stabilizer strap 670 back and forth through the stabilizer aperture 692. The stopping element 675, 677 thus may constrain movement of the stabilizer strap 670 (or a distal end thereof) in two directions (e.g., proximal and distal).
Constraint of the stabilizer strap 670 provided by the internal stopping element 670 can be advantageous in a number of contexts and/or for a number of reasons. For example, in some embodiments, limiting the amount of the distal end of the stabilizer strap 670 that can extend to an exterior of the housing 690 after assembly, during shipping, and/or during and/or after installation of the assembly into a vehicle 600 can avoid undesired interactions between the stabilizer strap 670 and potentially damaging or interfering components at an exterior of the housing 690. For example, such limitation can alleviate or eliminate interference between the stabilizer strap 670 and attachment brackets or other vehicular components during or after installation of the assembly 600. In some instances, such arrangements can reduce manufacturing steps (and thus the time and cost of assembly) for assembling the assembly 600, such as by avoiding the use of tape, labels, or other adhesives to prevent movement of the stabilizer strap 670 in a distal direction through the aperture 692 and thus facilitate assembly. Rather, coupling of the stabilizer strap 670 to the housing 690 may be performed via a single or unitary process. Stated otherwise, coupling the stabilizer strap 670 to the housing can simultaneously result in delimitation of post-assembly movement of the stabilizers strap 670 in each of the proximal and distal directions.
Moreover, in certain embodiments, a specific distance between the external stopping element 675 and the position at which the proximal end of the stabilizer strap 670 is attached to the airbag cushion 610 may be desired to achieve a specific deployment trajectory of the airbag cushion 610 and/or to prevent skewing of the airbag cushion 610, such as in the manners discussed above. By including an internal stopping element 677, the length of the stabilizer strap 670 can be tuned for a desired performance with affecting the length of the excess portion of the stabilizer strap 670 that protrudes to an exterior of the housing 690. This can allow for a repeatable tolerance for the strap length.
The stitching 679 may be of any suitable variety and of any suitable geometry. For example, the rounded or arcuate shape may be replaced by other geometries, although certain features of the rounded configuration that are further discussed below may be advantageous or desirable in some contexts. Some suitable stitch types include, for example, chain, lock, single, double, etc. Any suitable thread type and/or stitch count may also be used for the stitching 679. In some embodiments, high profile stitching may be used.
As depicted in FIG. 33B, an end portion of the stabilizer strap 670 can be advanced through the stabilizer opening 692. During this advancement stage, a longitudinal axis of the stabilizer strap 670 can be angled relative to the wall of the housing 690 that defines the opening 690. This angle can be affected by the length of the retention section 692b. A greater length of the retention section 692b can result in a smaller angle between the stabilizer strap 670 and the housing wall. Due to this angled relationship between the strap 670 and the housing, and due to a thickness of the housing wall, in some embodiments, it can be desirable for a width of the insertion section 692a of the stabilizer opening 690 to be somewhat greater than a thickness of the stopping element 675 of the stabilizer strap 670 to ensure that the stopping element 675 can readily pass through the insertion section 692a. At this stage, a portion of the stitching 679 can be close to the inner surface of the housing 690, in some embodiments.
As depicted in FIG. 33C, after the stopping element 675 of the stabilizer strap 670 has passed through the insertion section 692a of the opening 690, the stabilizer strap 670 can be rotated. The stopping element 675 is thus at an exterior of the housing 690, while at least a portion of the threading portion 674 remains at an interior of the housing 690.
As depicted in FIG. 33D, the stabilizer strap 670 can be advanced through the retention section 692b of the opening 692 to an end thereof that is opposite the insertion section 692a. In various embodiments, a width SW2 of the retention section 692b can be about the same as or greater than the thickness ST2 of the threading portion 674 of the stabilizer strap 670 so as to facilitate such lateral movement of the stabilizer strap 670 therein. In other embodiments, the width SW2 of the retention section 692b can instead be slightly less than the thickness ST2 of the threading portion 674 so as to permit such lateral movement of the stabilizer strap 670, but also provide frictional resistance to such lateral movement. In either case, the width SW2 (FIG. 34) of the retention section 692b (which may be a minimum diameter of the stabilizer opening 692) can desirably be less than a minimum thickness ST3 (FIG. 34) of the stopping element 675 of the stabilizer strap 670, which can prevent the stopping element 675 from being pulled from an exterior of the housing 690 into the interior of the housing 690 through the retention section 692b of the opening 692. Moreover, the width SW3 (FIG. 33D) of the stabilizer strap 670 can desirably be greater than the width SW1 (FIG. 33D) of the insertion section 692a of the opening 690, which also can prevent the stopping element 675 from being pulled from the exterior of the housing 690 into the interior or the housing 690 through the insertion section 692a of the opening 692, in the event that the stabilizer strap 670 were to be pulled back toward the insertion section 692a. 
A different portion of the stitching 679 than that depicted in FIG. 33B can be close to the inner surface of the housing 690 when the stabilizer strap 670 is in the orientation shown in FIG. 33D. In particular, the portion of the stitching 679 that helps define the minimum distance MD may be closest to or in contact with the housing 690.
With reference to FIG. 34, in other embodiments, the minimum thickness ST3 of the stopping element 675 of the stabilizer strap 670 may be less than the width SW2 of the retention section 692b of the opening 692. In such instances, the portion of the housing 690 that defines the retention section 692b may, in some instances, still prevent the stopping element 675 from being pulled into the housing 690 because the portions of the stopping element 675 that extend outwardly from the stitching 676 can bunch together as the stabilizer strap 670 is paced under tension, which can result in a mass of strap material having a greater thickness than the width SW2 of the retention section 692b. 
As is also shown in FIG. 34, a width or thickness of the stitching 679 WSTOP1 can be greater than the width of the retention section 692b of the stabilizer opening 692. This can prevent the stabilizer strap 670 from being moved distally and outwardly through the housing 690 by an amount other than that permitted by the stitching 679. Stated otherwise, the distal end of the stabilizer strap 670 may be pulled outwardly from the housing only until a portion or portions of the stitching 679 contact the housing 690. In the illustrated embodiment, it may be possible to pull one lateral edge of the stabilizer strap 670 outward further than the other lateral edge due to the asymmetrical curving of the stitching 679. In other embodiments, or further embodiments, the external stopping element 675 may be held flush against the external surface of the housing 690 via an internal stopping element 676 that is flush against the internal surface of the housing 690. Additional arrangements are also contemplated.
FIG. 35 illustrates a portion of another embodiment of an airbag assembly 700 similar to those discussed above. In the illustrated embodiment, a stabilizer strap 770 includes an external stopping element 775 such as those discussed above. The stabilizer strap 770 further includes an internal stopping element 777 that is similar to the internal stopping element 677. However, the stopping element 777 includes a row of stitching 779 that has a higher profile. Accordingly, a width of the stopping element 777 WSTOP2 may be greater than the width WSTOP1, all other factors (e.g., thread material, strap thickness, etc.) being equal. The stopping element 777 can be effective in preventing the stabilizer strap 770 from being advanced distally through a stabilizer opening 792 of a housing 790 beyond its position.
FIG. 36 illustrates a portion of another embodiment of an airbag assembly 800 similar to those discussed above. In the illustrated embodiment, a stabilizer strap 870 includes an external stopping element 875 such as those discussed above. In particular, the external stopping element 875 is integrally formed from a distal end of a piece of material 815 that is attached to an airbag cushion at its proximal end (e.g., in a manner such as shown in FIG. 31). That is, the external stopping element 875 comprises a multi-layer portion 805 of the material 815 that is secured via stitching 876 and is configured to be positioned at an exterior of a housing 890.
The stabilizer strap 870 further includes an internal stopping element 877 that can function similarly to the internal stopping elements 677, 777. However, the stopping element 877 includes a separate piece of material 817 that is attached to the material 815 in any suitable manner. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the material 817 is attached to the material 815 via stitching 879. The material 817 may be of the same variety as the material 815, or it may be different. In some embodiments, the material 817 comprises a fabric material, such as, for example, nylon webbing or webbing of any other suitable variety. In the illustrated embodiment, the additional material 817 is doubled back upon itself, folded over, or looped. Accordingly, a multi-layer portion 806 of the stabilizer strap 870 is also present at an interior of the housing 890. The stopping element 877 defines an effective stopping width WSTOP3 that can be effective in preventing the stabilizer strap 870 from being advanced distally through a stabilizer opening 892 of the housing 890. In other or further embodiments, the additional material 817 may comprise one or more pieces of fabric, plastic, and/or metal and/or any other suitable material.
FIG. 37 illustrates a portion of another embodiment of an airbag assembly 900 similar to those discussed above. In the illustrated embodiment, a stabilizer strap 970 includes an external stopping element 975, such as those discussed above, which includes a multi-layer portion 905 at an exterior of a housing 990.
The stabilizer strap 970 further includes an internal stopping element 977 such as the internal stopping elements 877. However, the stopping element 977 is formed from a unitary piece of material 915. As it is at an exterior of the housing 990, the material 915 is likewise doubled back upon itself, folded over, or looped at an interior of the housing to form a multi-layer region 906 of the stabilizer strap 970. Stitching 979 can be used to hold the multi-layer region 906 in place. The stopping element 977 defines an effective stopping width WSTOP4 that can be effective in preventing the stabilizer strap 970 from being advanced distally through a stabilizer opening 992 of the housing 990. Although the stopping width WSTOP4 is shown as equivalent to a width of the stitching 979 in FIG. 37, this effective stopping width may, in fact, be greater than the dimension indicated due to the length of looped material 915 that is available to bind against the housing 990 at the aperture 992.
FIGS. 38-41 depict another embodiment of an inflatable cushion airbag assembly 1000 that can resemble the airbag assemblies described above in certain respects. With reference to FIG. 38, the airbag assembly 1000 can include an inflatable airbag cushion 1010, such as those described above. For example, the airbag cushion 1010 can be sized, shaped, and/or otherwise configured for use as a knee airbag, although other configurations are possible. A stabilizer strap 1070 can be coupled with the airbag cushion 1010 in any suitable manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the stabilizer strap 1070 is attached to the airbag cushion 1010 via stitching 1071. The stabilizer strap 1070 can include a proximal portion that is coupled with the airbag cushion 1010 and is substantially flat, and can further include a distal portion that is rolled, folded, or otherwise compacted into a columnar orientation. For example, the distal portion can be compacted about a longitudinal axis of the stabilizer strap 1070. The columnar region 1005 may be maintained in its substantially columnar shape via stitching 1079. The columnar region 1005 may also be referred to as an overlapping, doubled over, or multi-layer region 1005, as it includes at least two layers of material that overlap one another. In other embodiments, the columnar region 1005 may be formed without stitching. For example, the columnar region 1005 may be formed via tape, shrink wrap, adhesive, or any other suitable fastening mechanism.
As shown in FIG. 39, the columnar region 1079 of the stabilizer strap 1070 can be formed prior to assembling the airbag cushion 1010 into a housing 1090. In some embodiments, forming the columnar region 1079 prior to assembly can facilitate insertion of the distal end of the stabilizer strap 1070 through a stabilizer aperture 1092. The stabilizer aperture 1092 may function as a mounting component 1091 of the housing, which can retain a portion of the stabilizer strap 1070 at an exterior of the housing 1090 during airbag deployment in manners such as discussed above. In the illustrated embodiment, the stabilizer aperture 1090 is substantially circular.
As shown in FIG. 40A, the columnar region 1005 of the stabilizer strap 1070 can be inserted through the stabilizer opening 1092 of the housing 1090. As shown in FIG. 40B, a stopping element 1075 can thereafter be attached to the columnar region 1005 of the stabilizer strap 1070. In the illustrated embodiment, the stopping element 1075 comprises a metallic sleeve 1007. As shown in FIG. 40C, the stopping element 1075 can be fixedly secured to the columnar region 1005 of the stabilizer strap 1070. In the illustrated embodiment, the metallic sleeve 1007 is crimped onto the columnar region 1005. The crimping may be performed by a machine, in some instances, to provide high crimping forces to securely attach the sleeve 1007 to the stabilizer strap 1070.
In the illustrated embodiment, the stopping element 1075 comprises the metallic sleeve 1007, which substantially encompasses an entirety of the distal tip of the fabric material portion of the stabilizer strap 1070. In other embodiments, the stopping element 1075 may instead be a planar piece of metal that is folded over the distal tip of the fabric and crimped thereto. Other arrangements are also contemplated.
As shown in FIG. 41, a minimum diameter of the stopping element 1075 can be greater than a minimum diameter of the housing aperture 1092, thus the stopping element 1075 can cooperate with an external surface of the housing 1090 to prevent the stabilizer strap 1070 from being pulled into the housing during airbag deployment. The illustrated embodiment can be highly effective at resisting the high forces associated with airbag deployment.
Some embodiments of the stabilizer strap 1070 with its stopping element 1075 may perform more desirably than embodiments that include a T-shaped stopping element, such as discussed above, in some circumstances. For example, in some instances, a module designer may shorten the stabilizer strap 1070 to help it better resist a downward trajectory of the deploying airbag cushion 1010 and yield a more vertically directed deployment. In some instances, the loads on the top of a T-shaped stopping element (e.g., one of the lobes extending outwardly away from stitching) may become excessive such that the top of the “T” will pull through the housing. This may result in an undesired deployment trajectory for the airbag cushion. The stopping element 1075 may be stronger than certain of such T-shaped arrangements, and may be better able to withstand the increased loads associated, for example, with shorter stabilizer straps 1070.
Moreover, in some instances, it may be easier to assemble embodiments of the stabilizer strap 1070. The columnar region 1005 may be relatively stiffer than a T-portion of a strap, which can flop from side to side. The columnar region 1005 may, in some instances, more easily be threaded through the stabilizer aperture 1092. Further, as discussed above, in some embodiments the aperture 1092 is formed by stamping or other cutting methods. When the housing 1092 is formed of metal, for example, the stamping can yield relatively sharp edges, as smoothing the edges may be costly or time-consuming, in some instances. For example, the housing slot or aperture may be relatively narrow in design to readily interact with the stopping element, so coining or flaring the edges to eliminate an edge burr of a stamped metallic opening may be very difficult. As a result, a high loading condition of a strap can result in the edges of the stabilizer aperture 1092 cutting the stopping portion (e.g., a T-shaped fabric material), in some instances.
In some embodiments, a circular stabilizer aperture 1092 for the housing 1090 and a substantially cylindrical columnar region 1005 for the stabilizer strap 1070 can aid in preventing tearing or shearing of the stabilizer strap 1070. For example, the opening size can closely match or be somewhat larger than the outer diameter of the columnar region 1005 to reduce interaction between stabilizer strap 1070 and the opening. Moreover, a circular arrangement can evenly distribute loads on the stabilizer strap 1070.
In certain embodiments, the stopping element 1075 is incapable of passing through the stabilizer opening 1092. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the crimped sleeve 1007 is too large to pass through the stabilizer opening 1092, regardless of the orientation of the sleeve 1007 relative to the stabilizer opening 1092.
FIG. 42 depicts another embodiment of an inflatable cushion airbag assembly 1100 that can resemble the airbag assemblies described above in certain respects. The airbag assembly 1100 can include an inflatable airbag cushion (not shown), a housing 1190, and a stabilizer strap 1170. The stabilizer strap 1170 can include an external stopping element 1175, such as a metallic crimping sleeve 1107. The stabilizer strap 1170 can further include a grommet 1119 that is positioned between the outer wall of the housing 1090 and the stopping element 1175. The grommet 1119 may be held in place by the sleeve 1107, which may have a larger outer diameter than an inner diameter of the grommet. The grommet 1119 may be formed of any suitable material and may be configured to dampen, inhibit, reduce, or eliminate noise that would otherwise result from contact between the sleeve 1007 and the housing 1090. In various embodiments, the grommet 1119 can comprise rubber, synthetic rubber, plastic, etc. In some embodiments, the grommet 1119 can comprise an O-ring. The grommet 1119 can assist in reducing buzz and rattle of the assembly 1100, such as when the vehicle is subjected to vibrations.
One skilled in the art will appreciate that a variety of inflators and airbag housings may be used without deviating from the spirit of the present disclosure. For example, the size and shape of the inflators may differ from those described herein. Further, the inflator mounting stems may not be integral to the inflator, but rather, in some embodiments, an inflator housing may be employed that provides the mounting stems. Additionally, the inflator and/or housing may comprise less than or more than two mounting stems and those mounting stems may be oriented axially to the inflator body, rather than perpendicularly as described herein. Airbag housing 290 may not comprise a complete housing, but rather may define a mounting structure that may or may not be a subcomponent of an airbag housing. In some embodiments, any suitable internal stopping element may be used with arrangements such as those depicted in FIGS. 38-42.
Any methods disclosed herein comprise one or more steps or actions for performing the described method. The method steps and/or actions may be interchanged with one another. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or actions is required for proper operation of the embodiment, the order and/or use of specific steps and/or actions may be modified.
Without further elaboration, it is believed that one skilled in the art can use the preceding description to utilize the present disclosure to its fullest extent. The examples and embodiments disclosed herein are to be construed as merely illustrative and not a limitation to the scope of the present disclosure in any way. It will be apparent to those having skill in the art that changes may be made to the details of the above-described embodiments without departing from the underlying principles of the disclosure described herein. In other words, various modifications and improvements of the embodiments specifically disclosed in the description above are within the scope of the appended claims. The scope of the disclosure is therefore defined by the following claims.

## Claims

1. An airbag assembly comprising:
a housing that defines a deployment opening and a stabilizer opening;
an inflatable airbag cushion coupled to the housing and configured to be deployed from the housing through the deployment opening; and
a stabilizer strap coupled to the inflatable airbag cushion, the stabilizer strap comprising a first portion and a second portion, wherein the first portion is coupled to and disposed directly on an exterior surface of the inflatable airbag cushion and wherein the second portion extends distally from the first portion and is not disposed directly on the exterior surface of the inflatable airbag cushion, the stabilizer strap extending from an interior of the housing to an exterior of the housing through the stabilizer opening, wherein the second portion of the stabilizer strap comprises a first stopping element that is configured to be positioned at the interior of the housing to interact with the housing to restrict an amount of the stabilizer strap that is permitted to extend to the exterior of the housing, and wherein the second portion comprises a second stopping element that is configured to be positioned at the exterior of the housing and to interact with the housing to remain at the exterior of the housing throughout deployment of the airbag cushion.

2. The airbag assembly of claim 1, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a fabric material and the first stopping element comprises stitching through the fabric material.

3. The airbag assembly of claim 1, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a fabric material and the first stopping element comprises a separate piece of material attached to the fabric material.

4. The airbag assembly of claim 3, wherein the separate piece of material is sewn to the fabric material.

5. The airbag assembly of claim 3, wherein the separate piece of material comprises another fabric material.

6. The airbag assembly of claim 1, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a fabric material and the first stopping element comprises a looped portion of the fabric material.

7. The airbag assembly of claim 1, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a fabric material and the second stopping element comprises a separate piece of material that is attached to the fabric material.

8. The airbag assembly of claim 1, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a fabric material and wherein the second stopping element comprises a portion of the fabric material that is doubled over to form a multi-layer region.

9. The airbag assembly of claim 1, wherein the housing is elongated in a longitudinal direction along a longitudinal axis, and wherein the stabilizer strap is configured to prevent skewing of the inflatable airbag cushion about a central rotational axis of the airbag assembly that is within a plane that bisects the longitudinal axis of the housing and is perpendicular to a direction of deployment of the inflatable airbag cushion.

10. An airbag assembly comprising:
a housing that defines a deployment opening;
an inflatable airbag cushion coupled to the housing and configured to be deployed from the housing through the deployment opening; and
a stabilizer strap comprising a proximal end portion at an interior of the housing and a distal end portion at an exterior of the housing, wherein the proximal end portion of the stabilizer strap is coupled to the inflatable airbag cushion and disposed directly on an exterior surface of the inflatable airbag cushion, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a first stopping element disposed between the proximal and distal end portions of the stabilizer strap that is configured to restrict an amount of the stabilizer strap that is permitted to extend to the exterior of the housing, wherein the entire first stopping element extends distally from the proximal end portion away from the exterior surface of the inflatable airbag cushion, and wherein the distal end portion of the stabilizer strap comprises a second stopping element that is configured to interact with the housing to remain at the exterior of the housing throughout deployment of the airbag cushion.

11. The airbag assembly of claim 10, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a fabric material and the first stopping element comprises stitching through the fabric material.

12. The airbag assembly of claim 10, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a fabric material and the first stopping element comprises a separate piece of material attached to the fabric material.

13. The airbag assembly of claim 10, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a fabric material and the first stopping element comprises a looped portion of the fabric material.

14. The airbag assembly of claim 10, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a fabric material and the second stopping element comprises one or more of a portion of the fabric material that is doubled over to form a multi-layer region and a separate piece of material that is attached to the fabric material.

15. An airbag assembly comprising:
a housing that defines a deployment opening and a stabilizer opening;
an inflatable airbag cushion coupled to the housing and configured to be deployed from the housing through the deployment opening; and
a stabilizer strap comprising an attachment region that is coupled to the inflatable airbag cushion and disposed directly on an exterior surface of the inflatable airbag cushion, wherein the stabilizer strap extends from an interior of the housing to an exterior of the housing through the stabilizer opening, and wherein a portion of the stabilizer strap that is between the attachment region and the stabilizer opening comprises a stopping element that is configured to interact with the housing to restrict an amount of the stabilizer strap that is permitted to extend to the exterior of the housing, and wherein the stopping element extends distally from the attachment region and is not disposed directly on the exterior surface of the inflatable airbag cushion.

16. The airbag assembly of claim 15, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a fabric material and the stopping element comprises stitching through the fabric material.

17. The airbag assembly of claim 15, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a fabric material and the stopping element comprises a separate piece of material attached to the fabric material.

18. The airbag assembly of claim 17, wherein the separate piece of material is sewn to the fabric material.

19. The airbag assembly of claim 17, wherein the separate piece of material comprises another fabric material.

20. The airbag assembly of claim 15, wherein the stabilizer strap comprises a fabric material and the stopping element comprises a looped portion of the fabric material.