Office of Energy Efficiency and

Renewable Energy

10 CFR Part 430

(Docket No. EE-RM-94-230AJ

Energy Conservation Program for

Consumer Products: Test Procedure

for Clothes Washers and Reporting

Requirements for Clothes Washers,

Clothes Dryers, and Dishwashers

AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and

Renewable Energy, Department of

Energy.

ACTION: Supplemental Notice of

Proposed Rulemaking.

SUMMARY: The Department of Energy

(DOE or Department) today is issuing a

supplemental notice of proposed

rulemaking to expand the scope of the

Department's proposed rule to amend

the clothes washer test procedure used

to test for compliance with the existing

energy conservation standard. The

Association of Home Appliance

Manufacturers (AHAM) recommended

an additional new test procedure that

would apply to the anticipated future

clothes washer energy conservation

standards. The Department is reopening

the comment period on its proposed

rule to seek comments on whether it

should adopt the AHAM recommended

test procedure, with certain changes.

DATES: Written comments in response to

this notice must be received by June 6,

1996.

ADDRESSES: Written comments, 10

copies, are to be submitted to: U.S.

Department of Energy, Office of Energy

Efficiency and Renewable Energy. EE43, Room 1J-018, "Test Procedure for

Clothes Washers and Reporting

Requirements for Clothes Washers,

Clothes Dryers, and Dishwashers,"

Docket No. EE-RM-94-230A, Forrestal

Building, 1000 Independence Avenue

SW., Washington, DC 20585, (202)-586-

7574.

Copies of the transcript of the public

hearing and the public comments

received on the proposed rule, may be

read and/or photocopied at the

Department of Energy Freedom of

Information Reading Room, U.S.

Department of Energy, Forrestal

Building, Room 1E-190, 1000

Independence Avenue SW.,

Washington, DC 20585, (202) 586-6020

between the hours of 9 a.m. and 4 p.m.,

Monday through Friday, except Federal

holidays.

EE-RM-94-230A COMMENT 01
17590 Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 78 I Monday, April 22, 1996 I Proposed Rules

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Marc LaFrance, U.S. Department of

Energy, Energy Efficiency and

Renewable Energy, Mail Station EE43, Forrestal Building, 1000

Independence Avenue SW.,

Washington, DC 20585-4)121, (202)

586-8423

Eugene Margolis. Esq., U.S. Department

of Energy, Office of General Counsel,

Mail Station GC-72, Forrestal

Building, 1000 independence Avenue,

SW., Washington, DC 20585, (202)

586-9507

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

I. Introduction

II. Discussion

A. AHAM Recommended Test Procedure

Annual Energy Consumption

Capacity Measurement

Electrical Energy Supply

Remaining Moisture Content (RMC)

Sodium Hypochiorite Bleach

Suds-saver Provision

Temperature Use Factors

Test Cloth and Test Load

Uniformly Distributed Temperature

Selections

Water-heating Clothes Washers

Water Consumption Factor

B. Related Matters

1. Potential Impacts/Changes to the

Appendix J Test Procedure

Test Load Sizes

Water-heating Clothes Washers

Field Testing

2. Section 430.23, "Test procedures for

measures of energy consumption."

paragraph (j)

I. Introduction

On Thursday, March 23, 1995, the

Department published a proposed rule

to amend the clothes washer test

procedure. 60 FR 15330 (hereafter

referred to as the Notice of Proposed

Rulemaking or NOPR). On July 12, 1995,

a hearing on the proposed rule was held

in Washington, DC.

The proposed amendment to the test

procedure was based on the same

factual foundation as the existing test

procedure and energy conservation

standards for clothes washers, so that

the existing energy conservation

standard would not have to be adjusted.

The Department believes, however, that

the existing test procedure currently

overstates the average annual energy

consumption for clothes washers

because of changes in consumer habits

since the current test procedure was

adopted.1 The Department had planned

on initiating a subsequent clothes

washer test procedure rulemaking, at a

later date, which would take into

I Proctor & Gamble data indicates a decrease in

he use of hot water and the number of cycles per

year over time.

account current consumer habits, and

would be used as the basis for

considering revision of the clothes

washer energy conservation standards.2

In response to the NOPR, AHAM

submitted comments asking DOE to

adopt an additional new test procedure

to take effect when new standards take

effect. The Department greatly

appreciates AHAM's effort in

developing a new test procedure. The

Department is considering adopting the

test procedure with certain revisions.

The Department is considering issuance

of a final rule with two test procedures,

to be codified in Appendices "J" and

"JI" in the Code of Federal Regulations,

title 10, part 430, § 430.23. Appendix

"J" would be a revision of the current

test pocedure, would be consistent

with the existing standards, and would

become effective 30 days after issuance

of the final rule. Appendix "Ji", based

on AHAM's test procedures, would be

used in the analysis and review of

revised efficiency standards, and would

apply to any revised standards. At that

time the Department would amend its

regulations to replace Appendix "J"

with Appendix "Ji."

The Department solicits comments

from the public at this time on issues

raised by the AHAM recommended test

procedure and by the options under

consideration with respect to this

proposal. In connection with the

reopening of the comment period, the

Department is proposing regulatory

language for part 430, § 430.23.

Appendix Ji.

II. Discussion

A. AHAMRecomrnended Test

Procedure

AHAIvI recommended a test

procedure for use and adoption during

the next round of clothes washer

standards rulemaking. The AHAM test

procedure addresses current consumer

usage habits which result in

approximately a 30 percent reduction in

energy consumption from the current

test procedure. Discussed below are

comments by the following industry

representatives: General Electric

Company (GE), Maytag and Admiral

Products (Maytag), Speed Queen

Company (Speed Queen), Whirlpool

Corporation (Whirlpool), and Miele

Appliances Inc. (Miele), directed to the

AHAM test procedures, as well as

industry comments that were directed to

the NOPR but that concern matters also

covered by the AHAM test procedure. In

2 second round of clothes washer standards

rulemaking was initiated by the publication of an

Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (ANOPR),

(59 FR 56423, November 14. 1994.)

addition, AHAM provided copies of its

clothes washer test procedure to nonindustry representatives who have been

involved with the residential appliance

standards program. (AHAM, No. 8).3

The Department received comments

concerning the AHAM test procedure

from the Clorox Company (Clorox), the

Proctor and Gamble Company (P&G),

and American Council for and Energy

Efficient Economy (ACEEE).

Annual Energy Consumption

GE recommended that the Department

incorporate into the AHAM test

procedure a table for the annual number

of clothes washer cycles per year based

on the capacity of the clothes washer

being tested for determining annual

energy consumption. GE's

recommendation would in essence

specify a constant amount of clothing

(in pounds) that is washed per year per

typical household. GE derived its table

by averaging P&G data for average wash

loads used in "regular" and "large"

capacity clothes washers. The GE table

shows a range of "Adjusted Annual

Cycles (AAC)" from 264 to 810 based on

capacity. (GE, No. 6 at 4). Maytag

strongly opposes the GE

recommendation primarily because it

states, "there is no evidence that average

load size is a function of washer

capacity. To the contrary, there is

evidence that wash load sizes are based

on factors other than washer capacity

most of the time." (Maytag, No. 41 at 1).

The Department understands GE's

purpose is to provide some type of scale

to adjust for the use of larger capacity

machines. The Department is proposing

to reduce the number of annual cycles

from 416 to 392, as stated in the NOPR.

The Department is aware that the

number of annual cycles has declined

over time, while the shipment

weighted average capacity of clothes

washers has increased over the same

relative time period.5 However, the

Department believes that it is reasonable

to assume that the number of cycles for

all sizes of clothes washers is relatively

constant and that families with large

needs, based on lifestyle or number of

family members, purchase larger clothes

washers and families with smaller needs

purchase smaller clothes washers. If the

GE table were to be employed it would

result in the following expected

3Comments on the NOPR have been assigned

docket numbers and have been numbered

consecutively. Statements that were presented at

the July 12, 1995, public hearing are identified as

Testimony.

Proctor and Gamble letter of September 2, 1994

to DOE.

5AHAM Major Home Appliance Industry Book

published 1995.

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consumer use cycles per year: using a

1.5 cubic foot compact clothes washer,

517 cycles per year would be expected,

whereas using a 3.2 cubic foot standard

clothes washer, 298 cycles per year

would be expected.6 For the reasons

indicated above, however, the

Department does not believe that there

is such great variation in the average

usage of washers of different sizes.

Moreover, the Department is not aware

of any data concerning current usage

which establish that as the capacity of

a clothes washer increases, it is operated

less frequently. Therefore, the

Department does not propose to

incorporate a table to allow for a

variation in annual clothes washer

cycles dependent upon clothes washer

capacity. The Department will

reconsider this issue, however, if it

receives statistically valid data showing

such a variation.

Capacity Measurement

The AHAM recommended test

procedure, as well as the current and

NOPR test procedures, require a test

measurement of the clothes container

capacity. This capacity is defined as the

volume which a dry clothes load could

occupy. This capacity is then used in

the calculation of the Energy Factor

which is used to rate the efficiency of

clothes washers on a per load basis. The

actual load, in pounds of clothing, that

a clothes washer can wash is a function

of many variables including the wetted

clothes container volume which is

actually available for clothes washing,

the agitation system and the motor

torque. The Department has used the

measured clothes container capacity as

a proxy for the actual load a clothes

washer is capable of washing, and this

has worked well for purposes of

comparing vertical axis clothes washers.

However, there has been discussion as

to whether the measured capacity of a

clothes container is a comparable proxy

of the load capability for horizontal axis

clothes washers.

The DOE and AHAM recommended

test procedures both require measuring

the capacity to the upper most part of

the clothes washer container, which

includes the volume occupied by the

tub ring. The maximum water level in

any vertical axis clothes washer may

vary, but the water level cannot go to

the top of the tub ring. Maytag

calculated that this current method of

measuring capacity results in the

measured volume of vertical-axis

clothes washers exceeding the wetted

6These figures were derived by DOE from the GE

proposed table using the specified clothes washer

capacities.

volume by a minimum of 15 percent to

well over 20 percent. (Maytag, No. 13 at

1). However, all the manufacturers,

including Maytag, believe that the

current method for measuring verticalaxis clothes washer capacity is

sufficient and should not be changed.

(AHAM, No. 33 at 5).

Since the measured and wetted

volumes of a horizontal axis clothes

washer are the same, Maytag proposed

multiplying the measured volume of a

horizontal axis clothes washer by a

factor of 1.2. (Maytag, No. 13 at 2). This

factor would mathematically increase

the capacity of horizontal-axis clothes

washers and would result in a 20

percent increase in the energy factor for

horizontal-axis clothes washers. A

similar factor is included in the

International Electrotechnical

Conimission (IEC) 456 test procedure for

clothes washers. ACEEE supports a

capacity credit for horizontal-axis

clothes washers.7 ACEEE states that the

IEC test procedure has a 15 percent

credit and believes the credit may be too

low. AEEE believes the credit should

be 21 percent. (ACEEE, No. 32 at 3).

Speed Queen opposes a horizontalaxis clothes washer capacity adjustment

factor stating that adequate time for

discussion and comment is needed on

this "recently raised issue." (Speed

Queen, No. 29 at 3). GE opposes any

horizontal-axis clothes washer capacity

credit stating, "In view of the evidence,

from P & G, that American consumer

washing habits are driven in large part

by their perception of capacity,

proponents of a European adjustment

factor must provide hard data of its

applicability to the U.S. market." (GE,

No. 36 at 2). Whirlpool also opposes any

credit for horizontal-axis clothes washer

capacity because no data has been

presented that would demonstrate a

difference of American loading habits

for vertical-axis versus horizontal-axis

clothes washers. (Whirlpool, No. 37 at

4).

The Department notes that the

measured volume of a vertical axis

clothes washer is larger than the wetted

volume, whereas, these two volumes are

the same for horizontal axis clothes

washers. Therefore, for these two types

of machines, capacity may not have the

same relationship to the amount of

clothes a clothes washer is capable of

washing. However, the Department has

no data to indicate that this possible

difference translates into an actual

difference in load size capability when

the other variables that affect load size

7commenters have used both terms "factor" and

"credit" which are intended to mean the same

thing.

are considered, or as to how American

consumers will use horizontal axis

washers, If such data becomes available,

the Department would consider making

an adjustment to the calculation of the

energy factor of either vertical or

horizontal axis clothes washers to have

relatively accurate comparisons.

However, today's notice of proposed

rulemaking would make no changes in

this area.

Electrical Energy Supply

The NOPR would delete a provision

in the existing test procedures that

allowed turning off of console lights

which did not consume more than 10

watts during the clothes washer test

cycle. AHAM maintains this provision

in its recommended test procedure.

Speed Queen, however, indicated that it

supported the Department's proposal to

remove the provision. (Speed Queen,

No. 29 at 4). Today's notice is consistent

with the NOPR, and excludes this

provision.

Remaining Moisture Content

The AHAM recommended test

procedure includes a provision to test

the Remaining Moisture Content (RMC)

of a test load. RMC represents a

percentage derived by dividing the

moisture weight that is remaining in the

clothing at the completion of the clothes

washer cycle by the weight of the dry

clothes prior to the clothes washing

cycle. There are several issues raised

relating to the methodology for testing

RMC.

GE expressed a concern about the

possibility of manufacturers providing

manual selectable options to consumers

which would affect the resulting RMC of

consumer wash loads. GE believes that

the Department should not use the

lowest RMC level achieved in a clothes

washer for the future minimum energy

conservation standard analysis or for

energy reporting, and that there should

be some type of "discounting of the

RMC credit." According to GE,

consumers may not always choose the

setting which would result in the lowest

RMC value. (Testimony at 157). GE

provided a chart showing four factors

which affect RMC-spin speed, spin

time, load size, and rinse temperature

(GE, No. 6 at appendix E)-and stated

that clothes washers could be

manufactured that offered user options

for spin speed and duration. Whirlpool

indicated that the AHAM test procedure

addresses the concern regarding

consumer selection of spin speed.

Specifically, Whirlpool stated that the

AHAM test procedurn requires the use

of the energy test cycle, which specifies

that the spin speed recommended by the

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manufacturer for cotton and linen

clothes shall be used in the test (section

2.1.1 AHAM submitted test procedure).

(Testimony at 170). The Department

realizes there are several issues that

affect RMC measurement which have

not been addressed and are discussed

ho low, which could affect the final test

procedure methodology for testing RMC.

Spin Speed and Spin Time

The Department is aware that the

AHAM recommended test procedure

requires the use of the energy test cycle

to conduct the RMC test. The AHAM

test procedure defines the "energy test

cycle" as follows: 'the cycle

recommended by the manufacturer for

washing cotton and/or linen clothes. It

includes the agitation/tumble operation,

spin speed (s), wash times, and rinse

times applicable to that cycle, including

water heating time for water heating

clothes washers, and applies to all

wash/rinse temperature selections and

water levels available on the model,

regardless of whether the wash/rinse

temperature selections or water levels

are available in the cycle recommended

for cotton and/or linens." This

definition appears to address clothes

washers with multiple spin speeds,

because spin speed is depicted as "spin

speed(s)." In addition, rinse time is

depicted as "rinse times." The

definition clearly states that testing for

energy reporting shall be conducted in

the cycle the manufacturer specifies for

cotton and/or linen clothes.

The AHAM test procedure appears to

be adequate in the situation where the

energy test cycle has only one spin

speed and time. However, the AHAM

test procedure does not specify the spin

speed to be used in testing a clothes

washer for which that cycle has several

or a range of values for spin speed and

time for cotton and linen clothes.

Therefore, because exact consumer

preferences are not known relative to

the choice of multiple spin speed or

spin time selections, the Department is

considering the option of requiring the

use of the average of the extreme values

of the spin speeds and times that are

available in the energy test cycle.8 The

Department believes that this would

address the testing of clothes washers

with multiple recommended spin

speeds and times, and might discount

the RMC value as proposed by GE. The

Department welcomes comments on this

issue.

Load Size

GE provided a graph with RMC on the

"Y" axis and Load Size on the "X" axis.

(GE, No. 6 at appendix E). The graph

was not quantified, but depicted a

relatively large negative slope of

approximately 0.5. Thus, according to

the graph, as load size gets larger the

RMC level decreases substantially.9 The

Department requested data from all

parties present at the hearing to help

quantify the exact slope. (Testimony at

160). So far, the Department has not

received any such data. The issue is

important because the AHAM test

procedure specifies that the maximum

test load be used to conduct the RMC

test, which is approximately 35 percent

larger than an average test load.

However, the AHAM test procedure

indicates, based on P&G data, that

consumers use a maximum load only 12

percent of the time whereas they use an

average load 74 percent of the time.

If GE's graph accurately depicts the

slope, this would have a major impact

on the expected energy savings to

consumers and manufacturer efficiency!

energy consumption representations,

because data shows that consumers use

their clothes washers with an average

size load 74 percent of the time. It

would mean that, under the AHAM

recommended test procedure, the

anticipated energy consumption to

remove the moisture from the clothing

would be artificially low because the

test procedure calculates RMC on the

basis of a maximum size load. Under the

AHAM test procedure RMC is first

determined for a maximum size load.

The RMC thus determined is then

adjusted in order to determine the

moisture content that would remain in

an average size load. The adjustment

formula is based on the assumption that

RMC as a percentage amount is the same

for different load sizes, the point that GE

disputes. An alternative to the AHAM

recommended test method for RMC

could be to require testing using the

average test load, rather than the

maximum test load with an adjustment.

However, the Department believes that

this may increase test burden. Currently,

the majority of clothes washer models

do not have adaptive control features

such as automatic water Liii control.

Under the AHAM recommended test

procedure, machines with adaptive

controls need to be tested using an

average test load. Requiring testing of all

machines using the average test load

may not be warranted if the slope is

actually small. At this time, the

Department does not plan to change the

.AHAM recommended test method. The

Department requests data, comment and

suggested changes to the test procedure,

if needed, to address this issue.

Energy Required To Remove Moisture

From the Test Load

The RMC value is used to calculate

the energy required to remove moisture

from the test load, "Dc". The "DE" is

calculated using the maximum size test

load, load adjustment factor (LAF) (P&G

ratio of maximum load size to average

load size), nominal energy required to

remove moisture from clothes (constant

for all clothes washers, 0.5 KWh!lb) and

the clothes dryer utilization factor

(DUF) (percentage of clothes washer

loads that are dried by clothes dryers).

AHAM recommended a DUF of 83

percent, although P&G calculates the

DUF to be 84.4 percent. ° AHAM stated

at the hearing it did not think using the

84 percent figure would be

controversial, but that it might need to

further consider the matter. (Testimony

at 104-105). The Department is using 84

percent for the DUF in today's proposal.

Sodium Hypochiorite Bleach

Clórox recommended that the

Department adopt a definition for

sodium hypochiorite bleach (bleach)

dispenser, and a corresponding credit

because of the potential for energy

savings. (Clorox, No. 30 at 1). In regard

to the clothes washer standard

rulemaking, Clorox has provided the

Department with data indicating that a

significant amount of energy can be

saved with the use of bleach." The

savings would be realized through the

use of colder water for washing. The

Clorox data shows that cleaning

performance is maintained or minimally

degraded at colder temperatures if

bleach is used. Clorox recommended

revising the Temperature Use Factors

(TUFs) and energy consumption

calculations to provide a credit to

clothes washers equipped with a bleach

dispenser. Clorox stated, however,

"Consumer data identifies a large area

for potential energy savings due to the

higher incidence of hot water usage in

bleach loads." (Emphasis added.) Clorox

further stated, "Consumers that use

bleach typically are more concerned

with getting their laundry clean, and

recognize that hotter wash temperatures

provide the best results." (Clorox, No.

30 at 2).

8Similly, for example, the DOE dishwasher test

procedure has a 50 percent proration value for use

of heated verses unheated dry option. (42 FR 15423,

March 17, 1977)

RMC is a percentage which decreases, although

the actual remaining moisture weight increases

because the larger load retains more moisture.

'°Comment 32 on Docket number EE-RM-94-

403.

'Comment 41 on docket number EE-RM-94-

403.

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The data provided from Clorox

relative to the cleaning performance

with bleach shows a signifIcant

potential for energy savings because

cleaning performance is maintained or

minimally degraded when bleach is

added to cold water and detergent,

versus when hot water is used with just

detergent. However, the energy savings

do not appear to be demonstrated by the

data provided, because consumers who

use bleach tend to use hot water rather

zRan shifting to cold water. Therefore,

the Department does not plan to include

a provision for bleach in its clothes

washer test procedures. The Department

welcomes comment on this issue.

Suds-Saver Provision

The AHAM recommended test

procedure does not provide a credit to

clothes washers with a suds-saver

feature. Based on previous information

from Al-lAM (AHAM meeting, February

16, 1995), the Department believes that

AHAM eliminated this provision due to

the relatively low number of sales of

clothes washers with a suds-saver

feature. Additionally, AHAM believes

that a suds-saver credit is no longer

needed in the testprocedure. The

Department requests comments relative

to the elimination of the suds-saver

credit.

Temperature Use Factors

The Department received several

comments regarding the method for

determining Temperature Use Factors

(TUFs), which are used to prorate

energy consumption among cold, warm

and hot wash, as well as to factor in a

warm rinse if offered. Because any test

procedure based on the AHAM test

procedure would not become effective

until approximately the year 2000, a

significant emphasis in determining

such test procedure's TUF values has

been on the need and method to project

future consumer usage habits based on

currently available survey data.

AHAM provided the recommended

test procedure with TUFs for wash

temperatures and a range of TUF values

for rinse temperature. (AHAM, No. 8).

AHAM indicated that the original

submission had been revised and

provided the final version of TUFs. The

final version also included a range of

rinse TUF values. (AHAM, No. 48 at 1).

GE indicated that it supported the

AHAM wash TUFs and provided

justification for a warm rinse TUF of 21

percent. GE provided a detailed analysis

which included linear regression

projections and utilized "differencing to

eliminate autocorrelation." (GE, No. 6 at

5 and No. 36 at 1). P&G provided data,

linear regression analysis with and

without projections, and

recommendations for TUFs. P&G

indicated that it believed the future

projections of the linear regression were

valid for the wash TUFs, although it

thought the projectionfor the warm

rinse TUF was too aggressive. (P&G, No.

12 at 1). ACEEE believed the TUFs

should be determined by the average

between a current linear regression and

a linear regression projected to the year

1999. (ACEEE, No. 32 at 3). Although

Whirlpool disagreed with AHAM's use

of linear regression projection to obtain

wash TUF values, and instead

recommended use of an average of the

last five years, it supported the AHAM

wash TUFs because the resultant

difference was small. Whirlpool

indicated that it believed the warm rinse

TUF value should be 33 percent.

(Whirlpool, No. 37 at 2).

At the Department's request, the

National Institute of Standards and

Technology (NIST) has conducted a

linear regression with and without

future year projections. The NIST

results varied slightly from the P&G

analysis results, probably due to

rounding off to integers or to use of the

calendar year for the data (P & G survey

data is conducted over two calendar

years, i.e., 93/94), butwere basically

consistent with the P&G results. The

following table provides the TUF values

as recommended from the various

entities.

PRESENTATION OF VARIOUS POSITIONS FOR TEMPERATURE USE FACTORS

Hot wash

(DATNTUF)

Warm wash

(DATNTUF)

Cold wash

(DATNTUF)

Warm rinse

(DATA)

Warm rinse

(TUF3)

P&G 1994 RAW DATA 0.16 0.48 0.36 0.18 NIA

AHAM 0.14 0.47 0.39 1013..JJ21 0.21-0.33

GE 0.14 0.47 0.39 0.13 0.21

WHIRLPOOL 10.16 10.50 '0.34 '0.21 10.33

ACEEE 1014 10.49 10.37 1Ô16 1027

P&G 1994 REGRESSION 0.15 0.51 0.34 0.18 10.30

NIST 1994 REGRESSION - 1 0.15 10.50 1035 10.19 10.32

P&G 2000 REGRESSION 0.14 0.48 0.38 2016 10.27

NIST 2000 REGRESSION 10.13 '0.48 10.39 10.13 10.22

'Calculated by NIST independently or based on comment.

2Rrnmended by P&G, independent of regression results.

3Presently accepted by all corn menters as being calculated by (P&G data)10.60, representing that 60 percent of the clothes washers in the

P&G survey had a warm rinse available.

The Department believes that linear

regression is one acceptable method of

conducting data plotting because it is

generally accepted, for example, by

educators, economists and businesses.

However, to project consumer usage

data into the future, linear regression

may be unacceptable because it does not

address factors which affect the change

in consumer's habits (e.g., per P&G:

improvements in detergent, change in

fabric type or concern to save energy).

(P&G, No. 12 at 1,2). From a statistical

standpoint, if data were available on the

factors which correlate to the decrease

in hot water usage, then an accurate

prediction could be made. However, the

Department does not have this data and

understands that the data is not readily

available. Considering P&G's comments,

the Department believes the trend to

choose cooler wash temperatures is

likely to continue, but possibly not at

the rate indicated by the linear

regression projection. Considering the

above, the Department believes that the

ACEEE position to average the current

TUF values and the projected TUF

values is a reasonable approach, since

the test procedure is being developed

for future use. Therefore, in its

modifications of the AHAM test

procedure, DOE is considering

incorporation of the following TUFs: hot

wash. 14 percent: warm wash, 49

percent; cold wash, 37 percent: and

warm rinse, 27 percent. The Department

welcomes comments relating to the

acceptability of these TUF values.

EE-RM-94-230A COMMENT 01
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Test Cloth and Test Load

AHAM recommended a requirement

for pre-conditioning the "energy test

cloths" (see Al-LAM test procedure

section 2.6.1.2). In this section, AHAM

referenced its standard "test detergent

hA." The Department believes that

specifying a particular detergent is too

specific and may not be warranted

because a variation in detergent for

preconditioning test cloth is unlikely to

measurably affect the energy

consumption of a clothes washer being

tested. Absent any justification to

require use of AHAM's detergent in

performing the test procedure, nonAHAM manufacturers should not be

required to obtain the AHAM detergent

to test their clothes washers. Therefore,

the Department is considering changing

the detergent to "commercially available

clothes washer detergent that is suitable

for 135 °F (57.2°C) wash water." The

Department requests comment on this

detergent description.

The Department is also concerned

about the use of "energy stuffer cloths"

(test procedure section 2.6.2). Energy

test cloths and energy stuffer cloths, are

used to make up the various size test

loads. An energy stuffer cloth is

approximately one sixth the size of an

energy test cloth. The concern is that if

a large number of energy stuffer cloths

are used instead of energy test cloths,

then the mechanical energy needed to

agitate the test load may be understated.

The Department believes that there

should be a maximum number of energy

stuffer cloths that can be used to

establish the test load. Therefore, the

Department is considering the option of

setting the maximum number of energy

stuffer cloths that can be used to 5. This

number represents the maximum

number of energy stuffer cloths that

should be needed because 6 energy

stuffer cloths would be the equivalent of

one energy test cloth. The Department

requests comments on this issue.

In its test load table (table 5.1), Al-lAM

recommended a tolerance of± 0.10

pounds. The Department believes this

tolerance is too large. A tolerance of ±

0.05 pounds appears to be more suitable

because the required test load sizes can

easily be obtained through the use of

energy stuffer cloths that weigh

approximately 0.04 pounds each. The

Department requests comments on the

tolerance value.

Uniformly Distributed Temperature

Selections

At the hearing, the Department

expressed concern regarding

terminology used in AHAM's

recommended test procedure-

"uniformly distributed, by temperature

[between hot wash and cold washi"-

relative to the calculation or testing of

a warm wash temperature selection.

(Testimony at 113). The AHAM test

procedure requires that the warm wash

(or multiple warm wash) selection(s) be

calculated, in lieu of testing, when all of

a model's temperature selections are

uniformly distributed. If not uniformly

distributed, then each temperature

selection must be tested. The

Department asked AHAM to define

"uniformly distributed, by temperature

(between hot wash and cold wash)" at

the hearing. (Testimony at 115). AHAM

responded with an expanded definition

that sets two conditions for a "warm

wash having uniform distribution by

temperature between hot wash and cold

wash." (AHAM, No. 33 at 4). The first

condition is: the "theoretical mean

warm wash temperature" equals the

"theoretical mean of all wash

temperatures." The second condition is:

"uniform separation" of warm wash

temperatures exists. AHAM included

detailed mathematical equations (see

AHAM No. 33 at 4) to further explain

the above terms.

The Department appreciates AHAM's

submission regarding the definition and

mathematical oxpressions However, the

Department believes that a narrative

definition would be more appropriate

for the rule language to maintain

consistency with other definitions. The

Department is considering an approach

that retains the content of the AHAM

defmition, but converts it into narrative

form through a definition for "uniformly

distributed warm wash."

AHAM also indicated without

qualification that an "infinite selection"

warm wash temperature selection

would be considered uniformly

distributed. If a clothes washer has an

infinite number of warm wash

temperature selections which follows a

proportional (or linear) relationship

with the warm wash selection device

(dial, slide, etc.), then clearly the warm

wash temperature selection is uniformly

distributed and the recommended

AHAM method for uniformly

distributed temperatures applies.

However, the AHAM test procedure

does not address an infinite warm wash

selection which follows a path that is

not proportional (linear), It is possible

that some clothes washer

manufacturers, in the future, may

employ non-linear infinite warm wash

selections. Therefore, the Department is

considering the option of revising

sections 3.5.1 and 3.5.2 of the AHAM

test procedure to address this issue, and

welcomes comments relative to the

definitions and revised sections it is

considering.

In addition, Whirlpool has indicated

a concern about the language regarding

intermediate warm wash temperatures.

(Whirlpool No. 50 at 1). Whirlpool

recommended changing the terminology

in the test procedure from "Warm

Wash" to "Intermediate Wash" to

eliminate confusion. The Department

agrees with Whirlpool that the intent of

the AHAM recommended test procedure

is that the warm wash temperatures

refer to all temperatures which are

below the hottest hot (135 °F (57.2 °C))

and above the coldest cold. The

Department agrees with Whirlpool and

believes that was the intent of the

AHAM recommended test procedure.

Therefore, to prevent any possible

ambiguity regarding warm wash

temperatures, the Department is

considering defining "warm wash" as

all temperature selections between the

hottest and coldest. The Department

welcomes comments regarding the

AHAM test procedure and the

acceptability of the new definition.

Water-Heating Clothes Washers

NIST on behalf of the Department

expressed a concern regarding the

possible need to establish ambient test

conditions for testing water-heating

clothes washers. (Testimony at 132).

The Department believes that the energy

consumed in a water-heating clothes

washer may be affected by the ambient

temperature of the clothes washer.

Thus, if the ambient temperature prior

to and during testing is relatively hot,

then less energy will be consumed than

under typical operating conditions, i.e.,

the test will understate the clothes

washer's energy consumption.

Conversely, if the ambient temperature

prior to and during the test is relatively

cold, then the energy consumption will

be overstated. The Department asked

AHAM to comment on this issue at the

hearing. (Testimony at 132). AHAM

recommended adding ambient

temperature conditions for tests of water

heating clothes washers, specified as 75

°F ±5 °F. (AHAM, No. 33 at 6) . Speed

Queen supported the AHAM

recommendation. (Speed Queen, No. 29

at 2). The Department believes that

AHAM's specified temperature is above

room temperature but reflects

acceptable test conditions for

manufacturer facilities while preventing

large variations. Therefore, DOE is

considering adoption of this

requirement.

The Department is concerned about

the testing of water-heating clothes

washers that may have been stored in an

area that has a temperature outside of

EE-RM-94-230A COMMENT 01
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the above range, prior to testing. The

concern is that the thermal mass of the

clothes washer may affect the resultant

energy consumption. Therefore, the

Department is considering the addition

of pre-conditioning requirements for

water-heating clothes washers. The

unique requirement would be to

conduct the established preconditioning procedure, if the waterheating clothes washer has not been

stored in the test room, at the specified

ambient conditions, for at least 8 hours

(see section 2.9.2). The Department

welcomes comment on the 8 hour time

franle and on the issue of ambient

conditions for water-heating clothes

washers.

AHAM's recommended test procedure

provides for testing water-heating

clothes washers that are capable of

using externally heated water. However,

the AHAM test procedure only included

a provision for hot water heated

externally by electricity and did not

include a provision for water-heating

clothes washers that use hot water

heated externally by gas or oil. A test

provision for hot water heated

externally by gas or oil is required for

Federal Trade Commission labeling.

Therefore, the Department is

considering adoption of such a

provision. Additionally, in doing so, the

Department is also considering

simplification of the test procedure by

combining sections for water-heating

and nonwater-heating clothes washers

where appropriate. The Department

requests comments on these options.

Water Consumption Factor

In the NOPR, the Department

proposed a Water Consumption Factor

(WCF) (clothes washer capacity per

gallon per cycle). The Department

believes that providing a means of

determining WCF may allow

consumers, utilities or other

organizations to compare clothes washer

water consumption independent of

clothes washer capacity. AHAM

recommended language to calculate

total water consumption in gallons per

cycle. The AHAM expression is not

adjusted to take into account variations

of model capacities and will penalize

larger capacity clothes washers on a

comparison basis.

In response to the NOPR for

Appendix "J", the Department received

several comments regarding the WCF.

Miele and Speed Queen indicated that

WCF should be the inverse of what was

proposed because many utilities already

use that factor (gallons per cycle per

cubic foot capacity). (Miele, No. 10 at 2

and Speed Queen, No. 29 at 3). AHAM

indicated that WCF on a per cycle basis

can be expressed as cubic feet per gallon

(AHAM, No. 33 at 5). The Department

agrees with Miole and Speed Queen that

the WCF should be consistent with

existing utility programs and

represented on a per cycle basis as

gallons (weighted water consumption)

per cubic foot capacity. Therefore, the

Department is considering addition of a

provision to AHAM's recommended test

procedure to calculate WCF expressed

as gallons per cycle per cubic feet. The

Department requests comments

regarding this topic.

B. Related Matters

1. Potential Impacts/Changes to the

Appendix J Test Procedure

Test Load Sizes

AHAM recommended that the

Department adopt its test load table

(table 5.1 of the Appendix "JI" test

procedure) for the Appendix "J" test

procedure. The Department supports the

incorporation of the AHAM test load

table because it reflects the latest

consumer usage data. However, the

impact of the incorporation of the

recommended AHA.M test load table

will most likely result in the majority of

front-loader clothes washers being

tested with larger test loads. The

Department realizes that front-loader

clothes washers are not required to meet

a performance minimum energy

conservation standard, but existing

models will require retesting and

relabeling. The Department requests

comments relative to the acceptability of

the AHAM recommended test load table

for the Appendix "J" test procedure.

Water-Heating Clothes Washers

AHAM recommended a provision for

testing water-heating clothes washers

that have the capability of using

externally heated water (see discussion

above). However, the provision for

externally heated water was not in the

NOPR. Therefore, the Department plans

on similarly incorporating test

procedures for water-heating clothes

washers with externally heated water

capability in the final rule, for the

Appendix "J" test procedure. The

Department requests comments on this

issue.

Field Testing

Methods for testing nonconventional

clothes washers are not provided in the

DOE current test procedure, the NOPR

Appendix J, or AHAM recommended

test procedure. In addition, none of

these test procedures is valid for

machines equipped with adaptive

controls if consumers use the adaptive

cycle more than 50% of the time.

AHAM's recommended test procedure

specifies guidelines for conducting field

tests of nonconventional clothes

washers, and of machines with adaptive

controls where a manufacturer believes

the controls will be used more than 50%

of the time. The field testing provisions

provide guidelines for manufacturers to

conduct data gathering in support of a

Petition for Waiver pursuant to Code of

Federal Regulation, Title 10, Part 430,

section 430.27. AHAM proposed that

these same field testing provisions be

added to Appendix "J". The Department

requests comments on this proposal.

2. Section 430.23, "Test Procedures for

Measures of Energy Consumption".

Paragraph (j)

The Department proposed revisions to

§ 430.23 (j) in the NOPR. These changes

dealt with the number of annual clothes

washer cycles, corresponding Appendix

"J" section number references and the

incorporation of the Modified Energy

Factor descriptor. If Appendix "JI" is

promulgated, § 430.23(j) will need to be

revised. The Dep6rtment plans to make

the required section reference changes

to § 430.23(j), for both the Appendix "J"

and Appendix "J1" test procedures.

List of Subjects in 10 CFR Part 430

Administrative practice and

procedure, Energy conservation,

Household appliances.

Issued in Washington, DC, April 15, 1996.

Christine A. Ervin,

Assistant Secretary. Energy Efficiency and

Renewable Energy.

For the reasons set forth in the

preamble, part 430 of Chapter II of Title

10, of the Code of Federal Regulations

is proposed to be amended as set forth

below:

1. The authority citation for part 430

continues to read as follows:

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 6291-6309.

2. Appendix JI is added to subpart B

of part 430 as follows:

Appendix Ji to Subpart B of Part 430-

Uniform Test Method for Measuring the

Energy Consumption of Automatic and

Semi-Automatic Clothes Washers.

Note: This test procedure applies to

amendments to revise 1994 minimum energy

conservation standards for clothes washers

set forth at Title 10 CFR 430.3 2(g).

1. Definitions

1.1 Adaptive control system refers to a

clothes washer control system which is

capable of aut6matically adjusting washer

operation or washing conditions based on

characteristics of the clothes load placed in

the clothes container, without allowing or

requiring consumer intervention and/or

actions. Examples Would be clothes washer

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control system independent selection,

modifications, or absolute control of wash

water temperature, agitation and/or tumble

cycle time, number of rinse cycles, spin

speed. etc.

Note: The energy consumption of any

adaptive system which depends on the use

of, detection of. or the presence of either soil,

soap. suds, or any additive laundering

substitute or complimentary product to

determine the operation of the clothes

washer must be determined following the

field test procedures defined in section 6.

1.2 Adaptive water fill control system

refers to a clothes washer water fill control

system which is capable of automatically

adjusting the water fill level based on the size

or weight of the clothes load placed in the

clothes container, without allowing or

requiring consumer intervention and/or

actions.

1.3 Bone-dry means a condition or a load

of test cloth which has been dried in adryer

at maximum temperature for a minimum of

10 minutes, removed and weighed before

cool down, and then dried again for 10

minute periods until the final weight change

of the load is 1 percent or less.

1.4 Clothes container means the

compartment within the clothes washer that

holds the clothes during the operation of the

machine.

1.5 Compact refers to a clothes washer

which has a clothes container capacity of less

than 1.6 cubic feet.

1.6 Deep rinse cycle refers to a rinse cycle

in which the clothes container is filled with

water to a selected level and the clothes load

is rinsed by agitating it or tumbling it through

the water.

1.7 Energy test cycle means the cycle

recommended by the manufacturer for

washing cotton and/or linen clothes. It

includes the agitation/tumble operation, spin

speed(s). wash times, and rinse times

applicable to that cycle, including watew

heating time for water heating clothes

washers, and applies to all wash/rinse

temperature selections and water levels

available on the model, regardless of whether

the wash/rinse temperature selections or

water levels are available in the cycle

recommended for cottons and/or linens.

1.8 Load use factor means the percentage

of the total number of wash loads that a user

would wash a particular size (weight) load.

1.9 Manual control systems refers to the

type of washer control system which requires

that the consumer make the choices that

determine washer operation or washing

conditions, for example: wash/rinse

temperature selections, and wash time before

starting the cycle.

1.10 Manual water fill control system

refers to a clothes washer water fill control

system which requires the consumer to

determine or select the water fill level.

1.11 Modified energy factor means the

quotient of the cubic fopt (or liter) capacity

of the clothes container divided by the total

clothes washer energy consumption per

cycle, expressed as the sum of the machine

electrical energy consumption, the hot water

energy consumption, and the energy required

for removal of remaining moisture of the test

load.

1.12 Nonwater-heating clothes washer

refers to a clothes washer which does not

have an internal hot water heating device to

generate hot water.

1.13 Spray rinse cycle refers to a rinse

cycle in which water is sprayed onto the

clothes for a period of time without

maintaining any specific water level in the

clothes container.

1.14 Standard refers to a clothes washer

which has a clothes container capacity of 1.6

cubic feet or greater.

1.15 Temperature use factor means, for a

particular wash/rinse temperature setting, the

percentage of the total number of wash loads

that an average user would wash with that

setting.

1.16 Thermostatically controlled water

valves refer to a set of clothes washer valves

which sense water temperature and adjust

the hot water atid cold water supplies

appropriately to maintain a desired mixed

water temperature.

1.17 Uniformly distributed worm wash

refers to warm wash selections for which the

warm wash water temperatures have a linear

relationship with all discrete warm wash

selections when the water temperatures are

plotted against equally spaced consecutive

warm wash selections between the hottest

warm wash and the coldest warm wash. If

the warm wash has infinite selections, the

warm wash water temperature shall have a

linear relationship with the distance on the

selection device (e'.g. dial angle or slide

movement) between the hottest warm wash

and the coldest warm wash. The criteria for

a linear relationship as specified above is that

the difference between the actual water

temperature at any warm wash selection and

the corresponding temperature on the

temperature/selection line formed by

connecting the warmest and the coldest

warm selections is less than ±5 percent. In all

cases, the mean water temperature of the

warmest and the coldest warm selections

must coincide with the mean of the hot and

cold water temperature.

1.18 Warm wash refers to all temperature

selections that are below the hottest hot

(^135 °F (57.2 °C)) and above the coldest cold

temperature selection.

1.19 Water consumption factor means the

quotient of the total weighted per-cycle water

consumption divided by the cubic foot (or

liter) capacity of the clothes washer.

1.20 Water-heating clothes washer refers

to a clothes washer where some or all of the

hot water for clothes washing is generated by

a water heating device internal to the clothes

washer.

1.21 Symbol usage.

The following identity relationships are

provided to help clarify the svmbologv used

throughout this procedure. The other

symbols and corresponding terms from the

table below a sample variable can be

substituted with their appropriate meanings:

1.21.1 For example, "Electrical Energy

Consumption" for an 'Extra Hot Wash" and

"Maximum Test Load" would be depicted as

follows:

Em,,

E-Electrical Energy Consumption

H-Hot Water Consumption

C-Cold Water Consumption

rn-Extra Hot Wash (max. temp. >135°F

(57.2°C.))

h-Hot Wash (max. temp. <=135°F (57.2°C.))

w-Warm Wash (intermediate temp.)

c-Cold Wash (minimum temp.)

x-Maximum Test Load

a ^ -Above Average Test Load

a-Average Test Load

a -Below Average Test Load

n-Minimum Test Load

1.21.2 For example. "Hot Water

Consumed by Warm Rinse" for the

"Maximum Test Load" would be depicted as

follows:

R,,

R-Hot Water Consumed by Warm Rinse

Er-Electrical Energy Consumed by Warm

Wash/Warm Rinse

ER-Electrical Energy Consumed by Warm

Rinse + -Maximum Test Load

a + -Above Average Test Load

a-Average Test Load

a-Below Average Test Load

n-Minimum Test Load

1.21.3 For example, "Temperature Use

Factor" for "Extra Hot Wash" would be

depicted as follows:

TUFm

rn-Extra Hot Wash

h-Hot Wash

w-Warm Wash

c-Cold Wash

R-Warm Rinse

1.21.4 For example, "Temperature

Weighted Hot Water Consumption" for the

"Maximum Test Load" would be depicted as

follows:

Vh,,

x-Maximum Test Load

a-Above Average Test Load

a-Average Test Load

a - -Below Average Test Load

n-Minimum Test Load

1.21.5 For example, "Hot Water Energy

Consumption" for the "Maximum Test Load"

would be depicted as follows:

E,,,,

E-Hot Water Energy Consumption

F-Load Usage Factor

Q-Total Water Consumption

ME-S-Machine Electrical Energy

Consumption

max-Maximum Test Load

avg-Average Test Load

mm-Minimum Test Load

1.21.6 The following additional symbols

are used in the test procedure:

RM-Remaining Moisture Content

WI-Initial Weight of Dry Test Load

WC-Weight of Test Load After Extraction

MEr-Totai Machine Electrical Energy

Consumption

ETE-Total Per-Cycle Energy Consumption

2. Testing Conditions

2.1 Installation. Install the clothes washer

in accordance with manufacturer's

instructions.

2.2 Electrical, energy supply. Maintain the

electrical supply at the clothes washer

terminal block within 2 percent of 120, 120/

240, or 120/208Y volts as applicable to the

particular terminal block wiring system and

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within 2 percent of the nameplate frequency

as specified by the manufacturer. If the

clothes washer has a dual voltage conversion

capability, conduct test at the highest voltage

specified by the manufacturer.

2,3 Supply Water Temperature.

2.3.1 Clothes washers in which electrical

energy consumption and/or water energy

consumption are affected by the inlet water

temperature (for example, water heating

clothes washers or clothes washers with

thermostatically controlled water valves).

The temperature of the hot water supply at

the water inlets shall be maintained at 135°F

+0°F 10°F (57.2°C -0°C - 5.5°C) and the

cold water supply at the water inlets shall be

maintained at 60°F 0°F - 10°F (15.6°C +0°C

- 5.6°C). A water meter shall be installed in

both the hot and coid water lines to measure

water consumption.

2.3.2 Clothes washers in which electrical

energy consumption and water energy

consumption are NOT affected by the inlet

water temperature. The temperature of the

hot water supply shall be maintained at

135°F ± 5°F (57.2°C ± 2.8°C) and the cold

water supply shall be maintained at 60°F ±

5°F (15.6°C ± 2.8°C). A water meter shall be

installed in both the hot and cold water lines

to measure water consumption.

2.4 Water pressure. The static water

pressure at the hot and cold water inlet

connection of the clothes washer shall be

maintained at 35 pounds per square inch

gauge (psig) ±2.5 psig (241.3 kPa ± 17.2 kPa)

during the test. The static water pressure for

a single water inlet connection shall be

maintained at 35 psig ±2.5 psig (241.3 kPa

±17.2 kPa) during the test. A water pressure

gauge shall be installed in both the hot and

cold water lines to measure water pressure.

2.5 Instrumentation. Perform all test

measurements using the following

instruments, as appropriate:

2.5.1 Weighing scales.

2.5.1.1 Weighingscalefortestcloth. The

scale shall have a resolution of at least 0.2

ounces (5.7 g) and a maximum error no

greater than 0.3 percent of the measured

value.

2.5.1.2 Weighing scale for clothes

container capacity measurements. The scale

should have a resolution of 0.50 pounds (0.2

kg) and a maximum error no greater than 0.5

percent of the measured value.

2.5.2 Watt-hour meter. The watt-hour

meter shall have a resolution no larger than

1 watt-hour (3.6 kJ) and a maximum error no

greater than 2 percent of the measured value

for any demand greater than 50 watts-hours

(180.0 kJ).

2.5.3 Temperature measuring device. The

device shall have an error no greater than

±1°F (± 0.6°C) over the range being measured.

2.5.4 Water meter. The water meter shall

have a resolution no larger than 0.1 gallons

(0.4 liters) and a maximum error no greater

than 2 percent for the water flow rates being

measured.

2.5.5 Water pressure gauge. The water

pressure gauge shall have a resolution of I

pound per square inch gauge (psig) (6.9 kPa)

and shall have an error no greater than 5

percent of any measured value.

2.6 Test cloths.

2.6.1 Energy test cloth.

2.6.1.1 The energy test cloth shall not be

used for more than 25 test runs and shall be

clean and consist of the following:

(a) Pure finished bleached cloth, made

with a momie or granite weave, which is 50

percent cotton and 50 percent polyester and

weighs 5.75 ounces per square yard (195.0 g/

in2) and has 65 ends on the warp and 57

picks on the fill. (b) Cloth material that is 24

inches by 36 inches (61.0 cm by 91.4 cm) and

has been hemmed to 22 inches by 34 inches

(55.9 cm by 86.4 cm) before washing. The

maximum shrinkage after five washes shall

not be more than four percent on the length

and width.

2.6.1.2 The new test cloths, including

energy test cloths and energy stuffer cloths

shall be pre-conditioned in a clothes washer

in the following manner:

2.6.1.2.1 For each gallon (3.79 liters) of

water used, use 6 grams of a commercially

available clothes washing detergent that is

suitable for 135 °F (57.2 °C) wash water, with

the washer set on maximum water level.

Place detergent in washer and then place the

new load to be conditioned in the washer.

Wash the load for ten minutes in soft water

(l7ppm or less). Wash water is to be hot. and

controlled at 135 °F ± 5 °F (57.2 °C ± 2.S °C).

Rinse water temperature is to be cold, and

controlled at 60 °F ± 5 °F (15.6 ± °C 2.8 °C).

Rinse the load through a second rinse using

the same water temperature (utilize an

optional second rinse if available).

2.6.1,2.2 Dry the load.

2.6.1.2.3 A final cycle is to be hot water

wash with no detergent followed by two cold

water rinses,

2.6.1.2.4 Dry the load.

2.6.2 Energy stuffer cloth. The energy

stuffer cloth shall be made from energy test

cloth material and shall consist of pieces of

material that are 12 inches by 12 inches (30.5

cm by 30.5 cm) and have been hemmed to

10 inches by 10 inches (25.4 cm by 25.4 cm)

before washing. The maximum shrinkage

after five washes shall not be more than four

percent on the length and width. The number

of test runs on the same energy stuffer cloth

shall not exceed 25 runs.

2.7 Test Load Sizes. Maximum,

minimum, and when required, average test

load sizes shall be determined using Table

5.1 and the clothes container capacity as

measured in3.1 through 3.1.4. Test loads

shall consist of energy test cloths, except that

adjustments to the test loads to achieve

proper weight can be made by the use of

energy stuffer cloths with no more than 5

stuffer clothes per load.

2.8 Use of Test Loads. Table 2.8 defines

the test load sizes and corresponding water

fill settings which are to be used when

measuring water and energy consumption.

"Control System" refers to the type of clothes

washer control system as defined in section

I of this appendix:

TABLE 2.8.-TEST LOAD SIzES AND WATER FILL SETTINGS REQUIRED

Water fill control

s tem

Manual Manual Adaptive

ys

M l Ad ti M

Other ntrol s sanua ap ve anual or adaptiveco y

tems Test load size Water fill sethng Test load size. Water fill setting Test load size Water fill Setting

Max Max Max Max Max As determined by

the Clothes

Washer.

Mm Mm Avg Max Avg+1.

Mm Mm Avg.

Avg1.

___________

Mm.

I See 3.3.3.1, 3.4.3.1, ør 3.6.3.1 to determine if these load sizes are required.

2.8.1 The test load sizes to be used to

measure RMC are specified in section 3.8.

2.8.2 Test loads for energy and water

consumption measurements shall be bone

dry prior to the first cycle of the test, and

dried to a maximum of 104 percent of bone

dry weight for subsequent testing.

2.8.3 Method of loading. Load the energy

test cloths by grasping them in the center,

shaking them to hang loosely and then put

them into the clothes container prior to

activating the clothes washer.

2.9 Pre-conditioning.

2.9.1 Nonwater-heating clothes washer. If

the clothes washer has neither been tested

nor filled with water in the preceding 96

hours, pre-condition it by running it through

a cold rinse cycle and then draining it to

ensure that the hose, pump, and sump are

filled with water.

2.9.2 Water-heating clothes washer. If the

clothes washer has neither been tested nor

filled with water in the preceding 96 hours

EE-RM-94-230A COMMENT 01
17598 Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 78 / Monday. April 22. 1996 / Proposed Rules

......................................................................................

...

and/or if it has not been in the test room at

the specified ambient conditions for 8 hours,

pre-condition it by running it through a cold

rinse cycle and then draining it to ensure that

the hose, pump, and sump are filled with

water.

2.10 Wash time setting. If one wash time

is prescribed in the energy test cycle, that

shall be the wash time setting; otherwise, the

wash time setting shall be the higher of either

the minimum, or 70 percent of the maximum.

wash time available in the energy test cycle.

2.11 Test room temperature for water.

heating clothes washers. Maintain the test

room ambient air temperature at 75°F±5 °F

(23.9 °C ±2.8 °C).

during washer operation according to the

following procedures:

3.1.1 Line the inside of the clothes

container with 2 mu (0.051 mm) plastic

sheet. All clothes washer components which

occupy space within the clothes container

and which are recommended for use with the

energy test cycle shall be in place and shall

be lined with 2 mu (0.05 1 mm) plastic sheet

to prevent water from entering any void

space.

3.1.2 Record the total weight of the

machine before adding water.

3.1.3 Fill the clothes container manually

with either 60 °F±5 °F (15.6 °C±2.8 °C) or

l00°F#±iO °F (37.8°C ±2.8°C) water to its

uppermost edge. Measure and record the

weight of water, W, in pounds.

3.1.4 The clothes container capacity is

calculated as follows:

C=W/d.

Where:

CwCapacity in cubic feet.

W'Mass of water in pounds.

d=Density of water (62.0 lbs/ft for 100° F

(993 kg/m3 for 37.8° C) or 62.3 lbs/ft for

60°F (998 kgIm for 15.6° C)).

3.2 Procedure for measuring water and

energy consumption values on all automatic

and semi-automatic washers. All energy

consumption tests shall be performed under

the energy test cycle, unless otherwise

specified. Table 3.2 defines the sections

below which govern tests of particular

clothes washers, based on the number of

wash/rinse temperature selections available

on the model, and/or method of water

heating. The procedures prescribed are

applicable regardless of a clothes washer's

washing capacity, loading port location,

primary axis of rotation of the clothes

container, and type of control system.

3. Test Measurements

3.1 Clothes container capacity. Measure

the entire volume which a dry clothes load

could occupy within the clothes container

TABLE 3.2.-TEST SECTION REFERENCE

Max. wash temp. availacle <-35'F (57.2°C) 5135F (57.2'C)2

Number of wash temp. selections I 2 ^..3 3

Test Sections Required to be Followed 3.6 3.4 3.4 3,3 3,3 13,7 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.4

3.8 137 3.6 3.6 3.5

3.8 '3.7 '3.7 3.6

3.8 3.8 137

3.8

3.8 '3.7

__________________________________________________________________

3.8

• jity U4JJUaLTh5 U iau1uoe5 WIlfl WU!T1l nose.

2This only apphes to water heating clothes washers on which the maximum wash temperature available exceeds 135'F (572°C).

3.2.1 Inlet water temperature and the

wash/rinse tern perature settings.

3.2.1.1 For automatic clothes washers set

the wash/rinse temperature selection control

to obtain the wash water temperature desired

(extra hot, hot, 'warm, or cold) and cold rinse

and open both the hot and cold water faucets.

3.2.1.2 For semi-automatic washers: (1)

For hot water temperature: open the hot

water faucet completely and close the cold

water faucet; (2) for warm inlet water

temperature: Open both hot and cold water

faucets completely; (3) for cold water

temperature: close the hot water faucet and

open the cold water faucet completely.

3.2.2 Total water consumption during the

energy test cycle shall be measured.

including hot and cold water consumption

during wash, deep rinse, and spray rinse.

3.2.3 Clothes washers with adaptive/

manual/consumer optional control systems

3.2.3.1 Clothes washers with adaptive

controls and alternate manual controls. If

clothes washers with adaptive controls allow

consumer selection of manual controls as an

alternative, then both manual and adaptive

modes shall be tested and the energy

consumption. ETC , calculated in section 4

shall be the average of the measured values.

If the product manufacturer feels more

energy savings would result from the actual

in home use of the adaptive control system,

then the procedures in section 6.2 can be

used as an alternate means to provide data

in support of a waiver.

3.2.3.2 Clothes washers with adaptive

water fill controls. When testing these clothes

'washers in adaptive water fill control, the

maximum, minimum, and average water

levels as defined in the following sections

shall be interpreted to mean that amount of

water fill which is selected by the control

system when the respective test loads are

used, as defined in Table 2.8. The load usage

factors which shall be used when calculating

energy consumption values are defined in

Table 4.1.3.

3.2.3.3 Clothes washers with adaptive

control systems which do not adaptively

modify the water fill levels. The water fill

selector shall be set to the maximum water

level available on the clothes washer for the

maximum and average test load sizes and set

to the minimum water level for the minimum

test load size as defined in Table 2.8. The

load usage factors which shall be used when

calculating energy consumption values are

defined in Table 4.1.3.

3.2.3.4 Clothes washers with manual

control systems. The water fill selector shall

be set to the maximum water level available

on the clothes washer for the maximum test

load size and set to the minimum water level

for the minimum test load size as defined in

Table 2.8. The load usage factors which shall

be used when calculating energy

consumption values are defined in Table

4.1.3.

3.2.3.5 Clothes washers with consumer

options for the energy test cycle. Clothes

washers which have more than one option or

a range of options for various characteristics

(other than wash time) of the energy test

cycle, such as various spin speeds or

adaptive water fill selections, etc.. shall be

'tested at the maximum and minimum

extremities of the available options. The

energy consumption and other equations

calculated in section 4 shall be determined

by the average of the measured values.

3.3 "Extra Hot Wash" Cycle (Max Wash

Texnp>135°F(57.2°C)). This section applies

to water heating clothes washers only. Water

and electrical energy consumption shall be

measured for each water fill level and/or test

load size as specified in 3.3.1 through

3.3.3.5.2 for the hottest setting available.

3.3.1 Maximum test load and water fill.

Hot water consumption (Hm5), cold water

consumption (Cm5), and electrical energy

consumption (Em) shall be measured for an

extra hot wash/cold rinse energy test cycle,

with the controls set for the maximum water

fill level. The maximum test load size is to

be used and shall be determined per table

5.1.

3.3.2 Minimum test load and water fill.

Hot water consumption (Hm0), cold water

consumption (Cm,,), and electrical energy

consumption (Emn) shall be measured for an

extra hot wash/cold rinse energy test cycle,

with the controls set for the minimum water

fill level. The minimum test load size is to

be used and shall be determined per table

5.1.

3.3.3' Average test load and water fill. For

clothes washers with adaptive controls,

measure the values for hot water

consumption (Hm,j, cold water consumption

(Cm), and electrical energy consumption

(Ems) for an extra hot wash/cold rinse energy

test cycle, with an average test load size as

determined per table 5.1.

3.3.3.1 Steps 3.3.3.2 through 3.3.3.5.2 are

to determine if additional testing of clothes

washers with adaptive water fill controls is

necessary, by checking for linearity in the

EE-RM-94-230A COMMENT 01
Federal Register I Vol. 61, No. 78 / Monday, April 22, 1996 / Proposed Rules 17599

three water consumption values (minimum,

average, and maximum) measured.

3.3.3.2 Calculate the total water

consumption for the maximum test load size

(V=Hm.,+Cin,,)

3.3.3.3 Calculate the total water

consumption for the average test load size

(V,Hm,+Cm,)

3.3.3.4 Calculate the total water

consumption for the minimum test load size

(V,=Hm+Cm,)

3.3.3.5 If V is different than the average

of V, and V,, by 5 percent or more then two

additional test load sizes, average() and

average' -) shall be tested as follows:

3.3.3.5.1 To determine the average()test

load size, add the weights for the maximum

and average test load sizes and divide by two.

Place the average' ) test load size into the

clothes washer and measure the hot water

consumption (Hm,J, cold water

consumption (Cm,+), and electrical energy

consumption (Em,+) for an extra hot wash!

cold rinse energy test cycle.

3.3.3.5.2 To determine the average( -) test

load size, add the weights for the average and

minimum test toad sizes and divide by two.

Place the average> test load size into the

clothes washer and measure the hot water

consumption (Hm,_), cold water

consumption (Cm,_), and electrical energy

consumption (Em,_) for an extra hot wash!

cold rinse energy test cycle.

3.4 "Hot Wash" Cycle (Max Wash Temp

5135 'F (57.2 'C)). Water and electrical

energy consumption shall be measured for

each water fill level and/or test load size as

specified in 3.4.1 through 3.4.3.5.2 for 135 'F

(57.2 'C) wash if available or the hottest

selection less than 135 'F (57.2 'C).

3.4.1 Maximum test load and water fill.

Hot water consumption (I-Ih,), cold water

consumption (Ch,), and electrical energy

consumption (Eh,) shall be measured for a

hot wash/cold rinse energy test cycle, with

the controls set for the maximum water fill

level. The maximum test load size is to be

used and shall be determined per table 5.1.

3.4.2 Minimum test load and water fill.

Hot water consumption (Hh,), cold water

consumption (Ch,), and electrical energy

consumption (Eh,) shall be measured for a

hot wash/cold rinse energy test cycle, with

the controls set for the minimum water fill

level. The minimum test load size is to be

used and shall be determined per table 5.1.

3.4.3 Average test load and water fill. For

clothes washers with adaptive controls,

measure the values for hot water

consumption (HhJ, cold water consumption

(Ch,), and electrical energy consumption

(Eh,) for a hot wash/cold rinse energy test

cycle, with an average test load size as

determined per table 5.1.

3.4.3.1 Steps 3.4.3.2 through 34.3.5.2 are

to determine if additional testing of clothes

washers with adaptive water fill controls is

necessary, by checking for linearity in the

three water consumption values (minimum,

average, and maximum) measured.

3.4.3.2 Calculate the total water

consumption for the maximum test load size

(V,='Hh,+Ch,)

3.4.3.3 Calculate the total water

consumption for the average test load size

(V,'Hha+Cha)

3.4.3.4 Calculate the total water

consumption for the minimum test load size

(V=Hh,+Ch,)

3.4.3.5 If Va is different than the average

of V, and V, by 5 percent or more then two

additional test load sizes, average() and

average() shall be tested as follows:

3.4.3.5.1 To determine the average()test

load size, add the weights for the maximum

and average test load sizes and divide by two.

Place the average' ) test load size into the

clothes washer and measure the hot water

consumption (I-lh,^), cold water

consumption (Ch,), and electrical energy

consumption (Eh,^) for a hot wash/cold

rinse energy test cycle.

3.4.3.5.2 To determine the average() test

load size, add the weights for the average and

minimum test load sizes and divide by two.

Place the average' -) test load size into the

clothes washer and measure the hot water

consumption (Hh,_), cold water

consumption (Ch,_), and electrical energy

consumption (Eh,.) for a hot wash/cold

rinse energy test cycle.

3.5 "Warm Wash" Cycle (Intermediate

Wash Temperature Selection Between Hot

and Cold). Water and electrical energy

consumption shall be measured for each

water fill level and/or test load size as

specified in 3.5.1 through 3.5.5.3 for the

warm water wash temperature.

3.5.1 For clothes washers with uniformly

distributed warm wash temperature

selections, the reportable values to be used

for the warm water wash setting shall be the

arithmetic average of hot and cold selections

measurements. This is a calculation only, no

testing is required.

3.5.2 For clothes washers that do not

have uniformly distributed warm wash

temperature selections, test all intermediate

wash temperature selections for washers

having discrete warm wash selections. For

washers having infinite warm wash

selections which are non-uniformly

distributed by temperature between "hot

wash" and "cold wash", test at 20 percent,

40 percent, 60 percent, and 80 percent

positions of the temperature selection device

between the hottest hot (5135 'F (57.2 'C))

wash and the coldest cold wash. The

reportable values to be used for the warm

water wash setting shall be the arithmetic

averages of all tests required in this section.

3.5.3 Maximum test load and water fill.

Hot water consumption (Hw,), cold water

consumption (Cw,), and electrical energy

consumption (Ew,,) shall be measured for a

warm wash/cold rinse energy test cycle, with

the controls set for the maximum water fill

level. The maximum test load size is to be

used and shall be determined per table 5.1.

3.5.4 Minimum test load and water fill.

Hot water consumption (Hw,), cold water

consumption (Cw,), and electrical energy

consumption (Ew,,) shall be measured for a

warm wash/cold rinse energy test cycle, with

the controls set for the minimum water fill

level. The minimum test load size is to be

used and shall be determined per table 5.1.

3.5.5 Average test load and water fill. For

clothes washers with adaptive controls,

measure the values for hot water

consumption (Hw,), cold water consumption

(Cw,), and electrical energy consumption

(Ew,) for a warm wash/cold rinse energy test

cycle, with an average test load size as

determined per table 5.1.

3.5.5.1 If additional testing of clothes

washers with adaptive water fill controls was

determined to be necessary by section 3.3.3.1

or 3.4.3.1. average(') and average -) test load

sizes shall be determined for warm wash as

follows:

3.5.5.2 To determine the average() test

load size, add the weights for the mhximum

and average test load sizes and divide by two.

Place the average() test load size into the

clothes washer and measure the hot water

consumption (Hwa+), cold water

consumption (Cw,+), and electrical energy

consumption (Ew,+) for a warm wash/cold

rinse energy test cycle.

3.5.5.3 To determine the average'-) test

load size, add the weights for the average and

minimum test load sizes and divide by two.

Place the average( -) test load size into the

clothes washer and measure the hot water

consumption (HWa.4, cold water

consumption (CWa_), and electrical energy

consumption (Ewa -.) for a warm wash/cold

rinse energy test cycle.

3.6 "Cold Wash"Cycle (Minimum Wash

Temperature Selection). Water and electrical

energy consumption shall be measured for

each water fihilevel and/or test load size as

specified in 3.6.1 through 3.6.3.5.2 for the

coldest wash temperature selection available.

3.6.1 Maximum test load and water fill.

Hot water consumption (Hc,,), cold water

consumption (Cc,), and electrical energy

consumption (Ec,) shall be measured for a

cold wash/cold rinse energy test cycle, with

the controls set for the maximum water fill

level. The maximum test load size is to be

used and shall be determined per table 5.1.

3.6.2 Minimum test load and water fill.

Hot water consumption (Hc,), cold water

consumption (Cc,), and electrical energy

consumption (Ec,) shall be measured for a

cold wash/cold rinse energy test cycle, with

the controls set for the minimum water fill

level. The minimum test load size is to be

used and shall be determined per table 5.1.

3.6.3 Average test load and water fill. For

clothes washers with adaptive controls,

measure the values for hot water

consumption (He,), cold water consumption

(Cc,), and electrical energy consumption (Ec,)

for a cold wash/cold rinse energy test cycle,

with an average test load size as determined

per table 5.1.

3.6.3.1 Steps 3.6.3.2 through 3.6.3.5.2 are

to determine if additional testing of clothes

washers with adaptive water fill controls is

necessary, by checking for linearity in the

three water consumption values (minimum,

average, and maximum) measured.

3.6.3.2 Calculate the total water

consumption for the maximum test load size

(V,,=Hc,+Cc,)

3.6.3.3 Calculate the total water

consumption for the average test load size

(V,=Hc,+Cca)

3.6.3.4 Calculate the total water

consumption for the minimum test load size

(V=Hc,^Cc,)

3.6.3.5 If V, is different than the average

of V, and Vu by 5 percent or more then two

additional test load sizes, average() and

average() shall be tested as follows:

EE-RM-94-230A COMMENT 01
17600 Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 78 / Monday, April 22, 1996 / Proposed Rules

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3.6.3.5.1 To determine the average( F) test

load size, add the weights for the maximum

and average test load sizes and divide by two.

Place the average() test load size into the

clothes washer and measure the hot water

consumption (HCa+), cold water

consumption (Cca^), and electrical energy

consumption (Eca +) for a cold wash/cold

rinse energy test cycle.

3.6.3.5.2 To determine the average' - test

load size, add the weights for the average and

minimum test load sizes and divide by two.

Place the average'-) test load size into the

clothes washer and measure the hot water

consumption (Uc). cold water

consumption (CCa_), and electrical energy

consumption (Eca -) for a cold wash/cold

rinse energy test cycle.

3.7 Warm Rinse.

3.7.1 Measure the amount of hot water

consumed during the hottest rinse cycle with

the rinse temperature set to warm, including

all deep and spray rinses, for the maximum

(Rn), minimum (Rn), and average (Ra) test load

sizes and/or water fill levels.

3.7.2 Measure the total amount of

electrical energy consumed by the clothes

washer with a warm wash and hottest rinse

cycle, including all wash, deep rinses, and

spray rinses, .for the maximum (Erg),

minimum (Era), and average (Era) test load

sizes and/or water fill levels.

3.7.3 Subtract the electrical energy values

for warm wash/cold rinse as measured in

section 3.5 (Ew) from the Er values

determined above in section 3.7.2 to

calculate the additional electrical energy

required to heat the water and operate the

clothes washer for the warm wash/warm

rinse cycle (ER).

(a) ER,=Erx - Ew,,

(b) ERa=Era - Ew,

(c) ERn=Er,, - Ew,

3.7.4 If additional testing of clothes

washers with adaptive water fill controls was

determined to be necessary by section

3.3.3.1, 3.4.3.1, 3.5.5.1 or 3.6.3.1., the

average() and average'-) values shall be

determined for warm rinse in sections 3.7.1

(R,,^ and R,), 3.7.2 (Er,+ and Era_), and

3.7.3 (ER,^ and ER,_) as appropriate.

3.8 Remaining Moisture Content.

3.8.1 The wash temperature will be the

same as the rinse temperature for all testing.

3.8.2 For clothes washers with cold rinse

only.

3.8.2.1 Determine the maximum test load

as defined in table 5.1 and section 3.1.

3.8.2.2 Record the actual 'bone dry

weight of the test load (Wlm,j.

3.8.2.3 Set water level selector to

maximum fill.

3.8.2.4 Run the energy test cycle.

3.8.2.5 Record the weight of the test load

immediately after completion of the energy

test cycle (WC,,,,,,).

3.8.2.6 Calculate the remaining moisture

content of the maximum test load, RMC,,,,,

expressed as a percentage and defined as:

RMCITIIX = ((WC,,,,, - / WI,,,,,jxlOO%

3.8.3 For clothes washers with cold and

warm rinse options.

3.8.3.1 Complete steps 3.8.2.1 through

3.8.2.5 for cold rinse. Calculate the remaining

moisture content of the maximum test load

for cold rinse, RMCCOLD, expressed as a

percentage and defined as:

RMCco = ((WCn,,,,, - WInax) I Wlmax)X100%

3.8.3.2 Complete steps 3.8.2.1 through

3.8.2.6 for warm rinse. Calculate the

remaining moisture content of the maximum

test load for warm rinse, RMCWARM,

expressed as a percentage and defined as:

RMCwM = ((WCmax WImax) / Wlmax)X100%

3.8.3.3 Calculate the remaining moisture

content of the maximum test load, RMC,,,,,,

expressed as a percentage and defined as:

RMCCOLDX(1-TUFR) +

RMCWjajjX(TUF).

4. Calculation of Derived Results from Test

Measurements

All calculations for average, above average,

and below average test load sizes in this

section are applicable only to those clothes

washers which were required to be tested in

these conditions, as stated in Table 2.8.

4.1 Hot water and machine electrical

energy consumption of clothes washers.

4.1.1 Per-cycle temperature-weighted hot

water consumption for maximum,

intermediate, and minimum water fill levels

using each appropriate load size as defined

in section 2.8 and Table 5.1. Calculate for the

cycle under test the per-cycle temperature

weighted hot water consumption for the

maximum water fill level, Vh,,, the above

average water fill level, Vha+, the average

water fill level, Vha, the below average water

fill level, Vh,_, and the minimum water fill

level, Vh, expressed in gallons per cycle (or

liters per cycle) and defined as:

(a) Vh,=[Hm,,xTUFmJ

+(Hh,,xTUFh)

+(HwxTUFl

+[Hc,,xTUFl

+ER,,TUFR]

(b) Vha+ =tHm,,+ XTUFmI

+tHh,,+ +XTUFhI

+[Hw,,+xTUFJ

+[Hc,+xTUFJ

+ER, ^XTUF5I

(c) Vha[Hma>UFmi

+LHhaXTUFhI

+(Hw,,(FUF1

+[HCaXTUFcJ

TABLE 4.1.1.-TEMPERATURE USE FACTORS

+IRaXTUFRI

(d) Vh,_ =[Hm,,_xTTJFmI

+[UhaXTUFhI

+[Hw,_XTUF1

+[Hc_xTUFj

+(Ra_)TUFR1

(e) Vhn=(HmnxTUFmJ

+[Hhfl>(FUFhJ

+[HwFUFl

+(Hc,,xTUFj

+lR,,xTUFRI

Where:

x, a, & n are the maximum, average, and

minimum test load for the clothes

washer under test.

a+ is the above average test load size.

a - is the below average test load size.

Hm,,, Hm,,+, Hm,, Hm,_, and Hm,,, are

reported hot water consumption values,

in gallons per-cycle (or liters per cycle),

at maximum, above average, average,

below average, and minimum fill,

respectively, for the extra-hot wash cycle

with the appropriate test loads, as

defined in section 2.8.

Hh,,. Hh,+, Hh,, Hha_, and Hh,,, are reported

hot water consumption values, in gallons

per-cycle (or liters per cycle), at

maximum, above average, average, below

average, and minimum fill, respectively,

for the hot wash cycle with the

appropriate test loads, as defined in

section 2.8.

Hw,,, HW,+, Hw,, Hw,_, and Hw,,, are

reported hot water consumption values,

in gallons per-cycle (or liters per cycle),

at maximum, above average, average,

below average, and minimum fill,

respectively, for the warm wash cycle

with the appropriate test loads, as

defined in section 2.8.

Hc,,. Hc,^, HC,, Hca_, and Hc,,, are reported

hot water consumption values, in gallons.

per-cycle (or liters per cycle), at

maximum, above average, average, below

average, and minimum fill, respectively,

for the cold wash cycle with the

appropriate test loads, as defined in

section 2.8.

R,,, R,+, R,, R, and R,, are the reported hot

water consumption values, in gallons

per- cycle (or liters per cycle), at

maximum, above average, average, below

average, and minimum fill, respectively,

for the warm rinse cycle and the -

appropriate test loads, as defined in

section 2.8

TUFm, TUFh, TUFV, TUFC, and TUFR are

temperature use factors for extra hot

wash, hot wash, warm wash, cold wash,

and warm rinse temperature selections,

respectively, and are as defined in Table

4.1.1.

Max Wash Temp Available ^135 °F ^135 °F ^135 ¶ >135 °F >135 °F

(57.2 °C) (57.2 °C) (57.2 °C) (57.2 °C) (57.2 °C)

No. Wash Temp Selections Single 2 Temps ^3 Temps 3 Temps >3 Temps

TUFm (extra hot) NA NA NA 0.14 0.05

TUFh (hot) NA 0.63 0.14 NA 0.09

TUFW (warm) NA NA 0.49 0.49 0.49

TUFC (cold) 1.00 0.37 0.37 0.37 0.37

TUFR (warm rinse) 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27

EE-RM-94-230A COMMENT 01
Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 78 / Monday, April 22, 1996 / Proposed Rules 17601

4.1.2 Total per-cycle hot water energy

consumption for all maximum, intermediate,

and minimum water fill levels tested.

Calculate the total per-cycle hot water energy

consumption for the maximum water fill

level, E,,,,,,,, the minimum water fill level,

E,,,,,,, and the average water fill level, E,,e,

expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and

defined as:

(a) E,,. [Vh,, x T x K = Total energy when

a maximum load is tested.

(b) E,,5 = [VhaxTxKJ or if above average and

below average test loads were required to

be tested E,,,,g = ((1⁄2) X (Vh,,+ + Vh,, +

Vh,,_) 4- Tx KI = Total energy for an

average load.

(ci E,,,,,=(VhnxTxKl=Total energy when a

minimum load is tested.

Where:

T=Temperature rise=75 °F (23.9 °C).

K=Water specific heat in kilowatt-hours per

gallon degree F=O.00240 10.00114 kWh/

(Lo°C)J.

Vh,,, Vh,,^, Vh,,, Vh,,, and Vh,,, are as

defined in 4.1.1.

4.1.3 Total weighted per-cycle hot water

energy consumption. Calculate the total

weighted per cycle hot water energy

consumption. ET, expressed in kilowatthours per cycle and defined as:

EiIEm,,xxFm,,xJ+[EavgxF,,vgJ+[E,,w,xF,p.,,,) -

Where:

Em,,,,, E,,5, and Em,,, are as defined in 4.1.2.

F,p, F,,vg, and Fm,,, are the load usage factors

for the maximum, average, and

minimum test loads based on the size

and type of control system on the washer

being tested. The values are as shown in

table 4.1.3.

TABLE 4.1.3.-LOAD USAGE FACTORS

Water Fil I Manual Manual Adaptive Control

System

Other Manual Adaptive

Manual

or AdaptControl lye Systems

F,,,.,= '.72 2.10 .12

2.62 3•74

1.28 228 .14

Reference 3.2.3.4

2Reference 3.2.3.3.

3Reference 3.2.3.2

4.1.4 Total Per-cycle hot water energy

consumption using gas-heated or oil-heated

water. Calculate for the energy test cycle the

per-cycle hot water consumption, ETa, using

gas heated or oil-heated water, expressed in

Btu per cycle (or megajoules per cycle) end

defined as:

ETG=ETx1/ex3412 BtulkWh or ETo'E1:x1I

ex3.3 MJ/kWh

Where:

e = Nominal gas or oil water heater efficiency

= 0.75.

ET = As defined in 4.1.3.

4.1.5 Per-cycle machine electrical energy

consumption for all maximum, average, and

minimum test load sizes. Calculate the total

per-cycle machine electrical energy

consumption for the maximum water fill

level. ME,,,,,,, the minimum water fill level,

ME,,,j,,, and the average water fill level, ME,,vg,

expressed in kilowatt-hours per cycle and

defined as:

(a) ME,,,,,,,=[Em,,xTUFmJ ^[Eh,,x TUF,j+[Ew,,x

TUFJ+[Ec,,xTUFJ+[ER,,xTUF51

(b) MErg[Ema

)ffUFmJIEh,,

XTUFhI+EEw,,

XTUFI+(Ec,,

>TUFj+[ER,,

XTUFRJ

Note: Em,, is the average of Em,, +. Em,,, and

Em,,_ if above average and below average

test loads were required to be tested. The

same applies to Eh,,, Ew,,, Ec,,, and ER,,.

(c) MEminr4Emn

XTUFmJ+(Eh,,

(tOFhl+[Ew,,

)(rUFl+[Ec,,

xTUFJ+(ER,,

XTUFRI

Where:

x, a, & n are the maximum, average, and

minimum test load for the clothes

washer under test.

a+ & a - are the above average and below

average test load sizes for the clothes

washer under test.

Em,,, Em,, ^, Em,,, Em,, -, and Em,,, are

reported electrical energy consumption

values, in kilowatt-hours per cycle, at

maximum, above average, average, below

average, and minimum test loads,

respectively, for the extra-hot wash

cycle.

Eh,,, Eh,,+, Eh,,, Eh,,_, and Eh,,, are reported

electrical energy consumption values, in

kilowatt-hours per cycle, at maximum,

above average, average, below average,

and minimum test loads, respectively,

for the hot wash cycle.

Ew,,, Ew,,^, Ew,,, Ew,,_, and Ew,,, are reported

electrical energy consumption values, in

kilowatt-hours per cycle, at maximum,

above average, average, below average,

and minimum test loads, respectively,

for the warm wash cycle.

Ec,,, Ec,,, Ec,,, Ec,,_, and Ec,,, are reported

electrical energy consumption values, in

kilowatt-hours per cycle, at maximum,

aboveaverage, average, below average,

and minimum test loads, respectively,

for the cold wash cycle.

ER,,, ER,,+, ER,,, ER,,_, and ER,, are reported

electrical energy consumption values, in

kilowatt-hours per cycle, at maximum,

above average, average, below average.

and minimum test loads, respectively,

for the warm rinse cycle.

TUFm, TUFh, TUFW, TUFC, and TUF are as

defined in 4.1.1.

4.1.6 Total weighted per-cycle machine

electrical energy consumption. Calculate the

total per cycle load size weighted energy

consumption, MET, expressed in kilowatthours per cycle and defined as:

MEi'4MEn,.,,xxFma,,1

+[ME,,v5XF,,vgl

Where:

MEma,,, MEvg, and MEmin are as defined in

4.1.5.

F,,,,,,,, Fnvg, and Fmm are as defined in 4.1.3.

4.1.7 Total per-cycle energy consumption

when electrically heated water is used.

Calculate for the energy test cycle the total

per-cycle energy consumption, E, using

electrical heated water, expressed in

kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as:

ETE=ET

+MET

Where:

MET=As defined in 4.1.6.

EnAs defined in 4.1.3.

4.2 Water consumption of clothes

washers.

4.2.1 Per-cycle water consum ption.

Calculate the maximum, average, and

minimum total water consumption,

expressed in gallons per cycle (or liters per

cycle), for the cold wash/cold rinse cycle and

defined as:

O,,,,,,,=(Hc,,

4Cc,,J

Q,,=(Hc,,

-fCc,,)

Note: Hc,, is the average of Hc,, +, He,,, and

Hc,,_ if above average and below average test

loads were required to be tested. The same

applies to Cc,,,

Qmin[Hcn

Where:

He,,, Cc,,, He,,, Cc,,, Hc,,, and Cc,, are as defined

in 3.6.

4.2.2 Total weighted per-cycle water

consumption. Calculate the total weighted

per cycle consumption, Qr, expressed in

gallons per cycle (or liters per cycle) and

defined as:

Qr"1QmaxxFmaxJ

+(QvgxFavg]

Where:

Qmix. Q,,V. and Q,,,j,, are as defined in 4.2.1.

F,,,,,,,, Favg, and Fm1,, are as defined in 4.1.3.

4.2.3 Water consumption factor.

Calculate the water consumption factor,

WCF, expressed in gallon per cycle per cubic

feet (or liter per cycle per liter), as:

WCFnQr/C

Where:

Qras defined in section 4.2.2.

C=as defined in section 3.1.

4.3 Per-cycle energy consumption for

removal of moisture from test load. Calculate

the per-cycle energy required to remove the

moisture of the test load, D, expressed in

kilowatt-hours per cycle and defined as

Da(LAF)x(Maximum test load weight)

x(RMC,,,,,,, - 4%)x(DEF)x(DUF)

Where:

LAF=Load adjustment factor=052.

Maximum test load weight=As shown in

Table 5.1 expressed in lbs/cycle.

RMC,,,,,,,=As defined in 3.8.2.6 or 3.8.3.3.

DEF=nominal energy required for a clothes

dryer to remove moisture from

clothes=0.5 kwh/lb (1.1 kWh/kg).

DUF=dryer usage factor, percentage of

washer loads dried in a clothes

dryer=084.

4.4 Modified energy factor. Calculate the

modified energy factor, MEF, expressed in

cubic feet per kilowatt-hour per cycle (or

EE-RM-94-230A COMMENT 01
17602 Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 78 / Monday, April 22, 1996 / Proposed Rules

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liters per kilowatt-hour per cycle) and

defined as:

MEF=C / (ETE+DE)

Where:

C=As defined in 3.1.4.

Em=As defined in 4.1.7.

D=As defined in 4.3.

5. Test Loads.

TABLE 5.1 .-TEST LOAD SIZES

Container Cu. ft. Minimum load Maximum load Average load volume ^ <

(liter) lb (kg) lb (kg) lb (kg)

o -0.80 0 -22.7 3.00 1.36 3.00 1.36 3.00 1.36

0.80-0.90 22.7-25.5 3.00 1.36 3.50 1.59 3.25 1.47

0.90-1.00 25.5-28.3 3.00 1.36 3.90 1.77 3.45 1.56

1.00-1.10 28.3-31.1 3.00 1.36 4.30 1.95 3.65 1.66

1.10-1.20 31.1-34.0 3.00 1.36 4.70 2.13 3.85 1.75

1.20-1.30 34.0-36.8 3.00 1.36 5.10 2.31 4.05 1.84

1.30-1.40 36.8-39.6 3.00 1.36 5.50 2.49 4.25 1.93

1.40-1.50 39.6-42.5 3.00 1.36 5.90 2.68 4.45 2.02 1.50-1.60 42.5-45.3 3.00 1.36 6.40 2.90 4.70 2.13

1.60-1.70 45.3-48.1 3.00 1.36 6.80 3.08 4.90 2.22

1.70-1.80 48.1-51.0 3.00 1.36 7.20 3.27 5.10 2.31

1.80-1.90 51.0-53.8 3.00 1.36 7.60 3.45 5.30 2.40

1.90-2.00 53.8-56.6 3.00 1.36 8.00 3.63 5.50 2.49

2.00-2.10 56.6-59.5 3.00 1.36 8.40 3.81 5.70 2.59

2.10-2.20 59.5-62.3 3.00 1.36 8.80 3.99 5.90 2.68

2.20-2.30 62.3-65.1 3.00 1.36 9.20 417 6.10 2.77

2.30-2.40 65.1-68.0 3.00 1.36 9.60 4.35 6.30 2.86

2.40-2.50 68.0-70.8 3.00 1.36 10.00 4.54 6.50 2.95

2.50-2.60 70.8-73.6 3.00 1.36 10.50 4.76 6.75 3.06

2.60-2.70 ... 73.6-76.5 3.00 1.36 10.90 4.94 6.95 3.15

2.70-2.80 76.5-79.3 3.00 1.36 11.30 5.13 7.15 3.24

2.80-2.90 79.3-82.1 3.00 1.36 11.70 5.31 7.35 3.33

2.90-3.00 82.1-85.0 3.00 1.36 12.10 5.49 7.55 3.42

3.00-3.10 85.0-87.8 3.00 1.36 12.50 5.67 7.75 3.52

3.10-3.20 87.8-90.6 3.00 1.36 12.90 5.85 7.95 3.61

3.20-3.30 90.6-93.4 3.00 1.36 13.30 6.03 8.15 3.70

3.30-3.40 93.4-96.3 3.00 1.36 13.70 6.21 8.35 3.79

3.40-3.50 96.3-99.1 3.00 1.36 14.10 6.40 8.55 3.88

3.50-3.60 99.1-101.9 3.00 1.36 14.60 6.62 8.80 3.99

3.60-3.70 101.9-104.8 • 3.00 1.36 15.00 6.80 9.00 4.08

3.70-3.80 104.8-107.6 3.00 1.36 15.40 6.99 9.20 4.17

Notes:

(1) All test load weights are bone dry weights.

(2) Allowable tolerance on the test load weights are +1- 0.05 pounds (0.023 kg).

6. Field Testing monitored in such a way as to accurately

record the total energy consumption per

cycle. At a minimum, the following must be

measured and recorded throughout the test

period for each clothes washer: Hot water

usage in gallons (or liters), electrical energy

in kilowatt-hours, and the cycles of usage.

The field test results will be used to

determine the best method to correlate the

rating of the test clothes washer to the rating

of the base clothes washer. If the base clothes

washer is rated at A kwh per year, but field

tests at B kwh per year, and the test clothes

washer field tests at D kWh per year, the test

unit would be rated as follows:

Ax(D/B)=G kwh per year

6.2 Adaptive control system field test.

Section 3.2.3.1 defines the test method for

measuring energy consumption for clothes

washers which incorporate control systems

having both adaptive wash cycle and

alternate manual wash cycle selections.

Energy consumption calculated by the

method defined in section 3.2.3.1 assumes

the adaptive cycle will be used 50 percent of

the time. The purpose of this section is to

define the requirements for developing inhouse and field test data in support of a

request for a waiver when it is felt that the

adaptive cycle will be used more than 50

percent of the time.

The field test sample size shall be a

minimum of 10 test clothes washers. The test

clothes washers shall be totally

representative of the design, construction,

and control system that will be placed in

commerce. The duration of field testing in

the user's house shall be a minimum of 50

energy test cycles, for each unit. No special

instructions as to cycle selection or product

usage shall be given to the field test

participants, other than inclusion of the

product literature pack which will be

shipped with all units, and instructions

regarding filling out data collection forms,

use of data collection equipment, and/or

basic procedural methods.

Prior to the test clothes washers being

installed in the field test locations, baseline

data shall be developed for all field test units

by conducting laboratory tests as defined by

section 1 through section 5 of these test

procedures to determine the energy

6.1 Nonconventional Wash System

Energy Consumption Test.

If a clothes washer has washer controls or

systems that do not allow for adequate

measurement of energy consumption under

the test procedure, or for calculation of

energy consumption using a procedure

accepted by DOE and a representative

number of other manufacturers, such

nonconventional clothes washers must be

field tested as a basis for a waiver request.

The field test shall consist of a minimum

of 10 of the nonconventional clothes washers

("test clothes washers") and 10 clothes

washers already being distributed in

commerce ("base clothes washers"). The tests

shall include a minimum of 50 cycles per

clothes washer. The test clothes washers and

base clothes washers should be identical in

Lonstruction except for the controls or

systems being tested. Equal numbers of both

the test clothes washer and the base clothes

washer shall be tested simultaneously in

comparable settings to minimize seasonal

and/or consumer laundering conditions andl

or variations. The clothes washers shall be

EE-RM-94-230A COMMENT 01
Federal Register / Vol. 61. No. 78 / Monday, April 22, 1996 / Proposed Rules 17603

consumption, water consumption, and

remaining moisture content values.

The following data shall be measured and

recorded for each wash load during the test

period: wash cycle selected (adaptive or

manual), clothes load dry weight (measured

prior to placement into the clothes washer)

in pounds, and type of articles in the clothes

load (i.e.. cottons, linens, permanent press.

etc.).

The wash loads used in calculating the inhome percentage split between adaptive and

manual cycle usage shall be only those wash

loads which conform to the definition of the

energy test cycle.

Calculate:

TThe total number of energy test cycles run

during the field test

Ta'The total number of adaptive control

energy test cycles

TmThe total number of manual control

energy test cycles

The percentage weighing factors:

Par,(TJT)xlOO (the percentage weighing for

adaptive control selection)

Pm(TmIT)X100 (the percentage weighing for

manual control selection)

Energy consumption (Em). calculated in

section 4.1, and water consumption (Qr).

calculated in section 4.2, shall be the

weighted average of the measured values

using Pa and Pm as the weighing factors.

[FR Doc. 96-9683 Filed 4-19-96; 8:45 amj

WLUNO CODE 6450-01-P

EE-RM-94-230A COMMENT 01