IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON

DIVISION ONE

In the Matter of the Marriage of

NATHAN CHOI,

Appellant,

and UNPUBLISHED OPINION

JOSEPHENE CHOI, FILED: April 22, 2019

Res ondent.

VERELLEN, J. — Nathan Choi appeals a September 2017 order denying his

CR 60(b) motion to vacate a March 2016 order confirming daily sanctions imposed by a

special master presiding over his post-dissolution proceeding with his former spouse,

Josephene Choi. We affirm.

No. 77550-2-1

FACTS 

This is Nathan's1 third appeal concerning the dissolution of his marriage with

Josephene.2 In January 2016, Nathan, who is an attorney licensed in Hawaii and

Washington, began representing himself in the post-dissolution commercial property

1 We use the first names of the parties for ease of reference.

2 See In re Marriage of Choi, No. 74569-7-1 (Wash. Ct. App. Apr. 24, 2017)

(unpublished), http://www.courts.wa.gov/opinions/pdf/745697.pdf, review denied, 189

Wn.2d 1032, 407 P.3d 1154 (2018); In re Marriage of Choi, No. 76551-5-1 (Wash. Ct.

App. Nov. 5, 2018) (unpublished), http://www.courts.wa.gov/opinions/pdf/765515.pdf.

Because we have previously issued opinions providing background facts of the parties'

marriage and the appointment of a special master to preside over all disputes

concerning the sale of their marital commercial property, we will not repeat them here.
No. 77550-2-1/2

proceedings over which the special master presided.3 On January 14, 2016, the special

master then sent communications to the parties requesting specific financial

information.

On February 5, 2016, Nathan sent an e-mail to the special master apologizing for

not responding to earlier e-mails, explaining, "I get a lot of spam and didn't see your

email [until] now." He did not discuss any financial information requested by the

special master. He sent another e-mail to the special master on February 11, 2016,

inquiring about parenting plan issues but, again, did not mention any financial

information.

On February 22, 2016, the special master sent an e-mail warning Nathan of

possible sanctions for his failure to cooperate in the proceedings and provide the

requested financial information. After not getting a response from Nathan, on February

29, 2016, the special master sent an e-mail to the parties stating, "I have now been

waiting for 6 weeks for [Nathan] to respond to the financial issues that have been raised

in this case. I will wait no longer."5 Attached to that e-mail was a copy of the special

master's ruling sanctioning Nathan that, in pertinent part, stated:

In violation of the Decree of Dissolution, the Respondent [Nathan]

has failed to account for the rental income received on the condominiums

awarded to the Petitioner [Josephene] since October 2015, and has

further failed to account for the rental income received from the Tacoma

Professional Plaza, as required by paragraph 3.15 of the Decree.

Commencing March 1, 2016, the Respondent shall be charged with

3 While the record indicates that Nathan was represented by counsel during

periods after the dissolution, it appears he represented himself during the times relevant

to this appeal. Clerk's Papers (CP) at 89, 96.

4 CP at 107.

5 CP at 63.

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$250.00 per day in daily sanctions to be paid to the Petitioner for each day

he does not comply with the Decree of Dissolution and supply the required

accountings. The daily sanctions shall be paid to the Petitioner from the

Respondent's share of proceeds of sale of the Tacoma Professional

Plaza.161

On March 3, 2016, Josephene served Nathan by mail copies of a motion for

entry of the special master's ruling, a copy of the proposed order confirming the special

master's ruling, along with a notice of hearing in the King County Superior Court set for

March 14, 2016 without oral argument.

On March 14, 2016, the superior court entered the order confirming the special

master's imposition of daily sanctions and e-mailed the parties a copy of this order the

next day.

On May 6, 2016, Nathan sent an e-mail to the special master indicating that he

had stopped communicating with the special master because the special master

required him to also send copies of communications to Josephene's attorney, and he

was pursuing efforts to disqualify her attorney. Importantly, Nathan also indicated he

was providing a "final accounting" and his accountant's information "so that [his] daily

fines would stop."7 However, on July 13, 2016, Nathan sent an e-mail to the special

master in which he denied knowledge of the March 2016 confirmation order.8

In May 2017, Nathan filed a motion to set aside the March 14, 2016 order

confirming the special master's ruling:8 He asserted two claims in that motion: first, he

6 OP at 74-75; see also CP at 61, 95.

7 CP at 111.

8 CP at 96, 113.

6 OP at 1.

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No. 77550-2-1/4

argued that Josephene should have filed the motion for entry of the special master's

ruling to be considered by a family law commissioner, not before the trial judge who

presided over their dissolution trial, and second, Josephene did not give him the

required 14-day notice for such motions. On May 24, 2017, a family law commissioner

denied Nathan's motion to vacate and granted Josephene's request for attorney fees.1°

In a subsequent September 2017 order denying Nathan's motion to vacate, King

County Superior Court Judge Thorp explained:

[H]aving heard [Nathan's] motion to vacate Judge Downing's March 15,

2016 Order based upon CR 60(b)(4) specifically other misconduct of an

adverse party and CR 60(b)(11). [Nathan] initially brought this motion on

the family law motions calendar before Pro Tern Commissioner Bianco on

May 24, 2017. The motion was denied as it was not properly before the

Pro Tern Commissioner. [Nathan] a year later now alleges improper

notice of the hearing, but presented no evidence in support of his claim.

No evidence supports the request under either CR 60(b)(4) or (11).

[Nathan] acted in accordance with [ ] Judge Downing's order as

demonstrated by his email indicating he hired a professional to get into

compliance with Judge Downing's order. It is unclear why it took over a

year for this motion to be brought, albeit before the wrong judicial officer, if

[Nathan] did not believe he had proper notice of the hearing. CR 11

sanctions are not ordered as the motion was finally properly noted.[11]

Nathan appeals.12

1° CP at 139; see also Notice of Appeal, attached Order Denying Motion to

Vacate (dated September 15, 2017).

11 See September 15, 2017 Order Denying Motion to Vacate. The record is silent

on how Nathan's motion to vacate came before the superior court.

12 In his notice of appeal, Nathan also seeks to appeal a September 28, 2017

superior court order confirming the special master's ruling of August 2017. Because

Nathan has failed to assign error to or offer any argument regarding this order, we need

not address it on appeal. See RAP 10.3(a)(4), (6).

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No. 77550-2-1/5

ANALYSIS 

Nathan contends that the March 2016 order confirming the special master's

rulings should have been vacated for several procedural irregularities.13 Our review of

an "appeal from denial of a CR 60(b) motion is limited to the propriety of the denial [and]

not the impropriety of the underlying judgment"14 and is reviewed for abuse of

discretion.15

But Nathan's briefing does not contain any legal authorities or cogent arguments

to support his requested relief and, significantly, his briefing does not even specifically

mention CR 60(b).16 Absent adequate briefing and argument, we are precluded from

meaningfully reviewing Nathan's argument.17

Moreover, the facts below establish that Nathan's request for CR 60(b) relief was

untimely. Nathan acknowledges becoming aware of the March 2016 order confirming

13 Nathan also contends that Judge Thorp should have recused herself from

presiding over his motion to vacate. See Appellant's Br. at 4. While his briefing refers

to his motion seeking to recuse Judge Thorp and the denial of that motion, Nathan has

neither appealed that ruling nor designated copies of those pleadings as part of the

record on appeal. See Appellant's Reply Br. at 3. Because the motion and order

concerning Judge Thorp's recusal is not in the record, we do not consider it on appeal.

State v. McFarland, 127 Wn.2d 322, 335, 899 P.2d 1251 (1995).

14 Biurstrom v. Campbell,27 Wn. App. 449, 450-51, 618 P.2d 533 (1980).

15 Jones v. City of Seattle, 179 Wn.2d 322, 360, 314 P.3d 380 (2013).

16 See Appellant's Br. at 2-9; Appellant's Reply Br. at 2-10.

17 RAP 10.3(a)(6) requires parties to provide "argument in support of the issues

presented for review, together with citations to legal authority and references to relevant

parts of the record." Arguments that are not supported by pertinent authority or

meaningful analysis need not be considered. Cowiche Canyon Conservancy v. Bosley,

118 Wn.2d 801, 809, 828 P.2d 549 (1992) (arguments not supported by authority);

Saunders v. Lloyd's of London,113 Wn.2d 330, 345, 779 P.2d 249 (1997) (arguments

not supported by adequate argument and authority).

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No. 77550-2-1/6

the special master's ruling some time after April 26, 2016 but before May 6, 2016.18

Even assuming his claims somehow support an irregularity governed by (b)(1), he did

not move to vacate that order within 12 months as required under CR 60(b).18 Even

assuming some form of misconduct of an adverse party governed by (b)(4) or some

extraordinary "other reason" governed by (b)(11), the motion must be filed within "a

reasonable time."2° Nathan does not establish any arguable reasonable grounds for his

delay in seeking relief under CR 60(b).21

In sum, Nathan fails to show that the superior court abused its discretion when it

denied his CR 60(b) motion to vacate. We affirm.

WE CONCUR:

18 Appellant's Reply Br. at 5-8.

19 Luckett v. Boeing Co.,98 Wn. App. 307, 310, 989 P.2d 1144 (1999).

20 CR 60(b).

21 Further, he misreads KCLFR 5(b), which does not require a motion to confirm

sanctions imposed by a special master to be filed before a commissioner on the family

law motions calendar, especially when the special master was appointed by the trial

judge presiding over the dissolution of marriage. And there is no authority that the

routine and customary noting of a motion for a hearing constitutes an ex parte

communication with the court. See RESTATEMENT (THIRD) OF THE LAW GOVERNING

LAWYERS §113 cmt. c, at 191-92 (2000).

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