Step Action

1 Click Model (below)

2 Specify produced water flow rate (bbl/day)

3 Select influent water criteria

4 Click “Influent Data” button

5 Input influent characteristics if known (TDS is a required input)

6 Select effluent criteria

7 Click “Effluent Data” button

8 Input effluent characteristics if known

9 Input optional parameters if known

10 Click a technology button (TDS value input is adjusted by the model)

11 Click a brine management button

12 Get output

 Total water treatment cost is output below the itemized technology and brine management costs.

 Technical output is below the cost output.

Variable Definition Units

Qi Water flow rate into facility bbl/day

Ci Constituent concentration into facility mg/L

Qby Bypass water flow rate bbl/day

Qp Pretreatment water flow rate bbl/day

Qf Feed water flow rate bbl/day

Cf Feed constituent concentration mg/L

Qt Treated water flow rate bbl/day

Ct Treated constituent concentration mg/L

Treatment Schematic

Step by step instructions for using the model.

Demineralization 

Technology

Qi

Ci

Qby

Ci

Qf

Cf

Qbr

Cbr

Qp

Ci

Qpr

Cpr

Equalization 

Storage

Pretreatment

Iron Alk.

+

Methane 

Removal

Source 

Water
Qpr Pretreatment residual flow rate bbl/day

Cpr Pretreatment residual concentration mg/L

Qbr Brine flow rate bbl/day

Cbr Brine concentration mg/L

Qe Effluent water flow rate bbl/day

Ce Effluent constituent concentration mg/L

Button Technology

IX HCl Ion Exchange with Hydrochloric Acid Regeneration 

IX H2SO4 Ion Exchange with Sulfuric Acid Regeneration

EDR Electrodialysis Reversal

HEEPM High Efficiency Electro-Pressure Membranes

RO Reverse Osmosis

Evap/Cryst. Evaporation Crystallization

Evap. Pond Evaporation Pond

Constituent Units

Mean High Low Mean High

Total dissolved solids mg/L 430 470 390 666 1120

F μg/L 1600 1600 1600 967 1700

Cl– mg/L 8.2 10.0 6.3 14.7 64.0

SO4

2– mg/L 8.9 17.0 0.7 2.5 12.0

Br μg/L 65 90 40 144 85

Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/L 465 490 440 742 1170

NH4+ mg/L 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.1 3.2

Ca2+ mg/L 25.5 32.0 19.0 34.4 59.0

K mg/L 6.6 7.3 5.9 8.1 14.0

Mg2+ mg/L 11 13 10 15 25

Na+ mg/L 140 150 130 219 390

Ba2+ μg/L 300 370 230 605 1300

Fe μg/L 1500 2400 580 484 490

Si mg/L 4.8 5.3 4.3 4.6 5.8

Sr μg/L 455 560 350 763 1800

Al μg/L 6.7 6.7 6.7 5.4 5.4

As μg/L 2.3 2.3 2.3 1.5 1.5

Technologies Defined

Default Data

Table 1: Toolbox influent default values and TDS ratio. 

Cheyenne River Belle Fourche River
Se μg/L 0.71 0.71 0.71 0.75 0.75

B μg/L 51 51 51 62 62

Cu μg/L 10 10 10 13 13

Mo μg/L 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.25 0.25

Mn μg/L 11 11 11 10.6 10.6

Cr μg/L 33.1 33.1 33.1 43.6 43.6

Zn μg/L 4.5 4.5 4.5 6.2 6.2

Table 2: Toolbox effluent water use default values

Livestock

Constituent Units High Low High Low

Total Dissolved Solids mg/L 5000 310 500 500 2000

Dissolved Fluoride μg/L 4000 2000 4000 2000

Chlorides mg/L 230 46 250 250

Sulfates mg/L 3000 412 250 250

Br (regulated as BrO3) μg/L 10 10

Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/L 216 104

Nitrate as N (high) 

Nitrite as N (low)) mg/L 5 0.5 10

1

100

Ca2+ mg/L 300 30 10

K mg/L

Mg2+ mg/L 300 10

Dissolved sodium mg/L 350 270 200 200 400

Total Barium μg/L 1800 1800 2000 2000 4370

Dissolved Iron μg/L 1000 125 300 300 100

Si mg/L

Sr mg/L

Al μg/L 750 490 200 200

As μg/L 150 3.1 10 0 5000

Se μg/L 50 50 200

B μg/L 50

Cu μg/L 13.2 8.6 1300 1000 5000

Mo μg/L 500

Mn μg/L 820 629 50 50

Cr μg/L 100 100 50

Zn μg/L 97 90 5000 5000 1000

Drinking water

Surface Discharge

by the model)

y and brine management costs.

mineralization 

Technology

Qe

Ce

Qt

Ct

The CBM-DTC Toolbox was developed by:

Eric T. Sajtar M.S.

David M. Bagley Ph.D. P.E.

Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering

University of Wyoming

February 7, 2008

Funding was provided by U.S. Department of Energy:

National Energy Technology Laboratory 

Award No. DE-FC26-06NT15568 
Low Mean High Low Mean High Low Mean High

270 966 1260 720 1411 2010 540 1200 1200

500 760 1000 500 710 1400 420

5.2 9.9 12.0 8.9 11.7 18.0 6.4

0.0 1.2 3.0 0.1 1.5 8.1 0.1

20 72 80 60 76 11 50

290 1112 1520 810 1585 2320 580 775 950

1.1 3.4 5.3 2.1 2.7 4.8 1.1

5.9 47.6 69.0 30.0 20.3 35.0 9.1 6 7

3.8 11.7 15.0 8.1 8.4 18.0 3.9

2 27 46 14 14 28 5 2.5 3

110 308 360 240 563 800 220 392 460

140 988 1600 470 539 750 240 270 296

120 554 820 270 569 2800 20 72 105

3.8 4.5 5.6 3.7 5.2 7.1 4.6

100 1054 1900 450 415 840 250

5.4 11 11 11 11.0 11.0 11.0 1817 1817

1.5 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 0.7 0.7

e Fourche River Little Powder River Powder River Tongue River
0.75 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

62 89 89 89 89.0 89.0 89.0 109 109

13 24 24 24 24.0 24.0 24.0 10.8 10.8

0.25 2.51 2.51 2.51 2.5 2.5 2.5 1 1

10.6 29 29 29 29.0 29.0 29.0 7.7 7.7

43.6 83.9 83.9 83.9 83.9 83.9 83.9 8.3 8.3

6.2 26.9 26.9 26.9 26.9 26.9 26.9 11 11

Irrigation

High Low High Low

2000 150000 1000 1 0.1

1064 0.33 0.003

1920 0.33 0.003

510 350 100

10

800 150 0

2

122 150 0

920 3.3 0.27

100 10

150 0.01

2000

50 10

Enhanced Oil 

Recovery (EOR) Cooling Water


Low Average TDS Ratio

1200 881 1

1063 1.206646

15 0.016577

5 0.005208

66 0.075007

600 960 1.089951

3 0.00311

5 32 0.036586

9 0.010467

2 18 0.019887

325 302 0.343289

244 628 0.712429

38 884 1.003284

5 0.005615

745 0.845324

1817 9 0.009676

0.7 3 0.003746

Tongue River1
0.8

1 0.000885

109 73 0.082574

10.8 18 0.020147 1 1 0.001583

7.7 20 0.022587

8.3 61 0.06938

11 16 0.018303




10000 Electricity $/kW-hr

yes H2SO4 $/ton

4 HCl $/ton

2 IX Run Time hrs

yes Tech Facility Life years

2

2

2

Treatment?

TDS mg/L TDS mg/L Must Treat

F

- μg/L F- μg/L Must Treat

Cl– mg/L Cl– mg/L Okay

SO4

2– mg/L SO42– mg/L Okay

Br μg/L Br μg/L Must Treat

Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/L Alkalinity (as CaCO3) mg/L Must Treat

NH4

+ mg/L NH4+ mg/L Must Treat

Ca2+ mg/L Ca2+ mg/L Must Treat

K mg/L K mg/L Okay

Mg2+ mg/L Mg2+ mg/L Must Treat

Na+ mg/L Na+ mg/L Must Treat

Ba2+ μg/L Ba2+ μg/L Okay

Fe μg/L Fe μg/L Must Treat

Si mg/L Si mg/L Okay

Sr μg/L Sr μg/L Okay

Al μg/L Al μg/L Okay

As μg/L As μg/L Okay

Se μg/L Se μg/L Okay

B μg/L B μg/L Okay

Cu μg/L Cu μg/L Okay

Mo μg/L Mo μg/L Okay

Mn μg/L Mn μg/L Okay

Cr μg/L Cr μg/L Must Treat

Zn μg/L Zn μg/L Okay

What is the water flow rate in bbl/day ?

Do you know the influent water characteristics? (yes or no)

If no, in what watershed are the wells located? Cheyenne(1) 

Belle Fourche(2) Little Powder(3) Powder(4) Tongue(5)

Optional Input

Click to Select a Technology Click to Select Brine Management

Required Input

Do you want to use average, high or low concentrations? 

Average(1) High(2) Low(3)

Do you know the effluent water characteristics? (yes or no)

If no, how will the water be used? Surface Discharge(1) Drinking Water(2) Irrigation(4) 

Livestock(3) EOR (5) Cooling Water (6) 

Do you want to use more or less stringent values? 

Less(1) More(2)
Technology Output: Brine Output:

Annual Per bbl

Electric

Labor

Chemical

Membrane/Parts Evaporator Operating, $/bbl

Resin Crystallizer Operating, $,bbl

Iron Pretreatment Evaporator Capital

Total O&M Crystallizer Capital

Total Capital Total, $/bbl of brine

Total w/o Brine Brine Cost/bbl of Qi

Constituent Unit Treated conc. brine conc.

Final 

Conc.

Final treated 

fraction

Limiting 

Constituent

Effluent 

Exceeded

TDS mg/L

F – μg/L

Cl– mg/L

Total Treatment Cost, $/bbl Qi

Technical Output

Electrodialysis Reversal Evaporation 

Crystallization

$0.000
SO

4

2– mg/L

Br μg/L

Alk. mg/L as CaCO

3

NH

4

+ mg/L

Ca2+ mg/L K mg/L

Mg2+ mg/L

Na

+ mg/L

Ba2+ μg/L

Fe μg/L

Si mg/L

Sr μg/L

Al μg/L

As μg/L

Se μg/L B μg/L

Cu μg/L

Mo μg/L

Mn μg/L

Cr μg/L

Zn μg/L

SAR #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Cations Removed (IX)

Anions Removed (IX)




























































































Deep Well Injection Cost $/bbl

Evaporation Rate ft/yr

Pond Unit Cost $/sq. ft.

Brine Faclity Life yr

ional Input
Flows

Initial Treated fraction

Feed flow bbl/day

Bypass flow bbl/day
Brine flow bbl/day

Final water flow bbl/day

%Feed flow water

%Feed flow brine