# Patent

## Title
Uplink control channel resource mapping in carrier aggregation systems

## Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure describe determining a downlink (DL) hybrid automatic repeat request (HARD) timing linkage between a first component carrier and a second component carrier, the first component carrier having a different uplink (UL) and DL configuration than the second component carrier. A derived downlink association set can be determined. A PUCCH resource in a subframe can be identified based on a first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier and the derived downlink association set.

## Background
CLAIM OF PRIORITY
The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e) to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/612,159 filed Mar. 16, 2012.


FIELD
The present disclosure pertains to uplink control channel resource collisions, and more particularly to physical uplink control channel resource collisions that may occur in systems using in inter-band carrier aggregation with different TDD UL/DL configurations.
BACKGROUND
In wireless communications systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, downlink and uplink transmissions may be organized into two duplex modes: frequency division duplex (FDD) mode and time division duplex (TDD) mode. The FDD mode uses a paired spectrum where the frequency domain is used to separate the uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) transmissions. FIG. 1A is a graphical illustration of an uplink and downlink subframe separated in the frequency domain for the FDD mode. In TDD systems, an unpaired spectrum may be used where both UL and DL are transmitted over the same carrier frequency. The UL and DL are separated in the time domain. FIG. 1B is a graphical illustration of uplink and downlink subframes sharing a carrier frequency in the TDD mode. In LTE-Advanced, carrier aggregation allows expansion of effective bandwidth delivered to a user terminal through concurrent utilization of radio resources across multiple carriers. Multiple component carriers are aggregated to form a larger overall transmission bandwidth. Carrier aggregation may be performed in LTE-Advanced TDD or LTE-Advanced FDD systems.



DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1A is a graphical illustration of an uplink and downlink subframe separated in the frequency domain for the FDD mode.
FIG. 1B is a graphical illustration of uplink and downlink subframes sharing a carrier frequency in the TDD mode.
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an example wireless cellular communication system based on 3GPP long term evolution (LTE).
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an access node device according to one embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a user equipment device according to one embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a physical uplink control channel format 1a/1b slot structure with normal cyclic prefix.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example physical uplink control channel resource mapping scheme.
FIG. 7A is an example schematic diagram illustrating downlink hybrid automatic repeat request timing linkages in inter-band carrier aggregation with UL/DL configuration 6 on the primary cell and UL/DL configuration 2 on the secondary cell.
FIG. 7B is an example schematic diagram illustrating downlink hybrid automatic repeat request timing linkages in inter-band carrier aggregation with UL/DL configuration 1 on the primary cell and UL/DL configuration 4 on secondary cell.
FIG. 8A is an example process flowchart for mapping physical uplink control channel resources in accordance with the present disclosure.
FIG. 8B is a further example process flowchart for mapping physical uplink control channel resources in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram illustrating an example physical uplink control channel resource allocation for a PCell in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
FIG. 9B is a schematic diagram illustrating an example physical uplink control channel resource allocation for a SCell in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
The present disclosure pertains to uplink control channel resource collisions, and more particularly to physical uplink control channel resource collision that may occur in systems using carrier aggregation. Specific embodiments described herein relate to physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resources in a system using inter-band carrier aggregation with different UL/DL TDD configurations. In the various implementations described in this disclosure, PUCCH resources may be used more effectively by avoiding, preventing, detecting, resolving, or mitigating various types of PUCCH resource collisions described herein.
In certain aspects, the disclosure includes systems, methods, and apparatuses in a wireless communications network. Downlink (DL) hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) timing linkages associated with a first component carrier and a second component carrier can be determined, the first component carrier having a different uplink (UL) and DL configuration than the second component carrier. A derived downlink association set can be determined based at least in part upon the DL HARQ timing linkages associated with the first component carrier and the second component carrier. A physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource in a subframe can be identified based on a first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier and the derived downlink association set.
In certain aspects, prior to determining the derived downlink association set, it can be determined that the first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier is neither a superset of nor equal to a second downlink association set associated with the second component carrier. The determination of the derived downlink association set and the identification of the PUCCH resource are performed only if the first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier is determined to be neither a superset of nor equal to a second downlink association set associated with the second component carrier.
If the first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier is determined to be a superset of or equal to a second downlink association set associated with the second component carrier, a PUCCH resource for the second component carrier can be identified based on the second downlink association set without determining the derived downlink association set.
In certain aspects, based on determining that the first downlink association set is neither a superset of nor equal to the second downlink association set, the PUCCH resource in the subframe can be mapped based on a configuration timing associated with the first component carrier.
In certain aspects, the derived downlink association set is determined by determining set values that are not common among the first downlink association set and a second downlink association set associated with the second component carrier.
In certain aspects, the first component carrier includes a primary cell (PCell), and the second component carrier includes a secondary cell (SCell).
In certain aspects, the subframe may carry at least one acknowledgment/negative-acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) bit.
In certain aspects, the PUCCH resource is a format 1a/1b resource.
In certain aspects, the UE operates in a time-division-duplex mode.
In certain aspects, a downlink (DL) hybrid automatic repeat request (HARD) timing linkage can be determined for each of the first component carrier, the second component carrier, and a third component carrier, the third component carrier having a different uplink (UL) and DL configuration than the first and second component carriers, the third component carrier associated with a third downlink association set. It can be determined that the first downlink association set is neither a superset of nor equal to the union of the second downlink association set and the third downlink association set.
If it is determined that the first downlink association set is neither a superset of nor equal to the union of the second downlink association set and the third downlink association set, and it is determined that the first downlink association set is a superset of or equal to the second downlink association set, then the PUCCH resource in the subframe can be identified based on the first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier.
If it is determined that the first downlink association set is neither a superset of nor equal to the union of the second downlink association set and the third downlink association set, and it is determined that the first downlink association set is neither a superset of nor equal to the second downlink association set, then a first derived association set can be identified. The PUCCH resource in the subframe can be identified based on the first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier and the first derived downlink association set.
After the PUCCH resource is mapped based upon either the first downlink association set or based upon the first downlink association set and the first derived downlink association set, then a PUCCH resource mapping for the third component carrier can be identified. It can be determined that the third downlink association set is neither a subset nor equal to the union of the first downlink association set and the second downlink association set. A second derived downlink association set can be identified, and a PUCCH resource mapping for the third component carrier can be identified based upon at least the second derived downlink association set.
Mobile electronic devices may operate in a communications network, such as the network shown in FIG. 2, which is based on the third generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE), also known as Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA). More specifically, FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an example wireless communication system 200 based on 3GPP LTE. The system 200 shown in FIG. 2 includes a plurality of base stations 212 (i.e., 212a and 212b). In the LTE example of FIG. 2, the base stations are shown as evolved Node B (eNB) 212a,b. In this disclosure, references to eNB are intended to refer to an access node device, such as a base station or any other communications network node that provides service to a mobile station including femtocell, picocell, or the like. The example wireless communication system 200 of FIG. 2 may include one or a plurality of radio access networks 210, core networks (CNs) 220, and external networks 230. In certain implementations, the radio access networks may be Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) terrestrial radio access networks (EUTRANs). In addition, in certain instances, core networks 220 may be evolved packet cores (EPCs). Further, there may be one or more mobile electronic devices 202 obtaining communication services via the example wireless communication system 200. In some implementations, 2G/3G systems 240, e.g., Global System for Mobile communication (GSM), Interim Standard 95 (IS-95), Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) and CDMA2000 (Code Division Multiple Access) may also be integrated into the communication system 200.
In the example LTE system shown in FIG. 2, the EUTRAN 210 includes eNB 212a and eNB 212b. Cell 214a is the service area of eNB 212a and Cell 214b is the service area of eNB 212b. The term cell is intended to describe a coverage area associated with a base station regardless and may or may not overlap with the coverage areas associated with other base stations. In FIG. 2, User Equipment (UE) 202a and UE 202b operate in Cell 214a and are served by eNB 212a. The EUTRAN 210 can include one or a plurality of eNBs 212 and one or a plurality of UEs can operate in a cell. The eNBs 212 communicate directly to the UEs 202. In some implementations, the eNB 212 may be in a one-to-many relationship with the UE 202, e.g., eNB 212a in the example LTE system 200 can serve multiple UEs 202 (i.e., UE 202a and UE 202b) within its coverage area Cell 214a, but each of UE 202a and UE 202b may be connected only to one eNB 212a at a time. In some implementations, the eNB 212 may be in a many-to-many relationship with the UEs 202, e.g., UE 202a and UE 202b can be connected to eNB 212a and eNB 212b. The eNB 212a may be connected to eNB 212b with which handover may be conducted if one or both of UE 202a and UE 202b travels from cell 214a to cell 214b. UE 202 may be any communications device used by an end-user to communicate, for example, within the LTE system 200. The UE 202 may alternatively be referred to as mobile electronic device, user equipment, user device, mobile device, mobile station, subscriber station, or wireless terminal. In some embodiments, UE 202 may be a cellular phone, personal data assistant (PDA), smart phone, laptop, tablet personal computer (PC), pager, portable computer, or other types of mobile communications device, including communications apparatus used in wirelessly connected automobiles, appliances, or clothing.
UEs 202 may transmit voice, video, multimedia, text, web content and/or any other user/client-specific content. On the one hand, the transmission of some of these contents, e.g., video and web content, may require high channel throughput to satisfy the end-user demand. On the other hand, the channel between UEs 202 and eNBs 212 may be contaminated by multipath fading, due to the multiple signal paths arising from many reflections in the wireless environment. Accordingly, the UEs' transmission may adapt to the wireless environment. In short, UEs 202 generate requests, send responses or otherwise communicate in different means with Enhanced Packet Core (EPC) 220 and/or Internet Protocol (IP) networks 230 through one or more eNBs 212.
A radio access network is part of a mobile telecommunication system which implements a radio access technology, such as UMTS, CDMA2000, and 3GPP LTE. In many applications, the Radio Access Network (RAN) included in a LTE telecommunications system 200 is called an EUTRAN 210. The EUTRAN 210 can be located between UEs 202 and EPC 220. The EUTRAN 210 includes at least one eNB 212. The eNB can be a radio base station that may control all or at least some radio related functions in a fixed part of the system. The at least one eNB 212 can provide radio interface within their coverage area or a cell for UEs 202 to communicate. eNBs 212 may be distributed throughout the communications network to provide a wide area of coverage. The eNB 212 directly communicates to one or a plurality of UEs 202, other eNBs, and the EPC 220.
The eNB 212 may be the end point of the radio protocols towards the UE 202 and may relay signals between the radio connection and the connectivity towards the EPC 220. In certain implementations, the EPC 220 is the main component of a core network (CN). The CN can be a backbone network, which may be a central part of the telecommunications system. The EPC 220 can include a mobility management entity (MME), a serving gateway (SGW), and a packet data network gateway (PGW). The MME may be the main control element in the EPC 220 responsible for the functionalities including the control plane functions related to subscriber and session management. The SGW can serve as a local mobility anchor, such that the packets are routed through this point for intra EUTRAN 210 mobility and mobility with other legacy 2G/3G systems 240. The SGW functions may include the user plane tunnel management and switching. The PGW may provide connectivity to the services domain including external networks 230, such as the IP networks. The UE 202, EUTRAN 210, and EPC 220 are sometimes referred to as the evolved packet system (EPS). It is to be understood that the architectural evolvement of the LTE system 200 is focused on the EPS. The functional evolution may include both EPS and external networks 230.
Though described in terms of FIG. 2, the present disclosure is not limited to such an environment. In general, telecommunication systems may be described as communications networks made up of a number of radio coverage areas, or cells that are each served by a base station or other fixed transceiver. Example telecommunication systems include Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) protocols, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE), and others. In addition to telecommunication systems, wireless broadband communication systems may also be suitable for the various implementations described in the present disclosure. Example wireless broadband communication systems include IEEE 802.11 wireless local area network, IEEE 802.16 WiMAX network, etc.
Referring to FIG. 3, an access node device (for example, eNB 212a in FIG. 2) according to one embodiment will be described below. The illustrated device 300 includes a processing module 302, a wired communication subsystem 304, and a wireless communication subsystem 306. The processing module 302 can include a processing component (alternatively referred to as “processor” or “central processing unit (CPU)”) capable of executing instructions related to one or more of the processes, steps, or actions described above in connection with one or more of the embodiments disclosed herein. The processing module 302 can also include other auxiliary components, such as random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), secondary storage (for example, a hard disk drive or flash memory). The processing module 302 can execute certain instructions and commands to provide wireless or wired communication, using the wired communication subsystem 304 or the wireless communication subsystem 306. A skilled artisan will readily appreciate that various other components can also be included in the device 300.
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a user equipment device (for example, UEs 202a, 202b in FIG. 2) according to one embodiment. The illustrated device 400 includes a processing unit 402, a computer readable storage medium 404 (for example, ROM or flash memory), a wireless communication subsystem 406, a user interface 408, and an I/O interface 410.
Similar to the processing module 302 of FIG. 3, the processing unit 402 can include a processing component configured to execute instructions related to one or more of the processes, steps, or actions described above in connection with one or more of the embodiments disclosed herein. The processing unit 402 can also include other auxiliary components, such as random access memory (RAM) and read only memory (ROM). The computer readable storage medium 404 can store an operating system (OS) of the device 400 and various other computer executable software programs for performing one or more of the processes, steps, or actions described above.
The wireless communication subsystem 406 is configured to provide wireless communication for data and/or control information provided by the processing unit 402. The wireless communication subsystem 406 can include, for example, one or more antennas, a receiver, a transmitter, a local oscillator, a mixer, and a digital processing (DSP) unit. In some embodiments, the wireless communication subsystem 406 can support a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) protocol.
The user interface 408 can include, for example, a screen or touch screen (for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting display (LED), an organic light emitting display (OLED), a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) display), a keyboard or keypad, a trackball, a speaker, or a microphone. The I/O interface 410 can include, for example, a universal serial bus (USB) interface. A skilled artisan will readily appreciate that various other components can also be included in the device 400.
In the 3GPP LTE TDD system, a subframe of a radio frame can be a downlink, an uplink or a special subframe (the special subframe includes downlink and uplink time regions separated by a guard period for downlink to uplink switching). Currently, there are seven different UL/DL configuration schemes that may be used in LTE TDD operations, as shown in Table 1 below. Table 1 shows LTE TDD Uplink-Downlink Configurations. D represents downlink subframes, U represents uplink subframes and S represents special subframes. In each special subframe S, there are three parts which are: i) the downlink pilot time slot (DwPTS), ii) the guard period (GP) and iii) the uplink pilot time slot (UpPTS). Downlink transmissions on the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) may be made in DL subframes or in the DwPTS portion of a special subframe. Uplink transmissions on the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) may only be made in UL subframes, since the UpPTS portion of a special subframe is too short to accommodate these channels.







TABLE 1





LTE TDD Uplink-Downlink Configurations




























As shown in Table 1, there are two switch point periodicities specified in the LTE standard, 5 ms and 10 ms. 5 ms switch point periodicity is introduced to support the co-existence between LTE and low chip rate UTRA TDD systems, and 10 ms switch point periodicity is for the coexistence between LTE and high chip rate UTRA TDD systems. The supported configurations cover a wide range of UL/DL allocations from “DL heavy” 1:9 ratio to “UL heavy” 3:2 ratio. (The DL allocations in these ratios include both DL subframes and special subframes (which can also carry downlink transmissions in DwPTS).) Therefore, compared to FDD, TDD systems have more flexibility in terms of the proportion of resources assignable to uplink and downlink communications within a given amount of spectrum. Specifically, it is possible to unevenly distribute the radio resources between uplink and downlink. This will provide a way to utilize the radio resources more efficiently by selecting an appropriate UL/DL configuration based on interference situation and different traffic characteristics in DL and UL.

As understood to persons of skill in the art, UL (or DL) transmissions do not occur in every subframe in an LTE TDD system. Since the UL and DL transmissions are not continuous, scheduling and hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) timing relationships for an LTE TDD system are defined in the specifications. Currently, the HARQ ACK/NACK timing relationship for downlink is defined in Table 2 below. Table 2 may be used to show which uplink subframes should carry uplink HARQ ACK/NACK transmissions associated with M multiple downlink subframes. Table 2 shows downlink association set index K:{k0, k1, . . . kM−1}. It associates an UL sub-frame n, which conveys ACK/NACK, with DL sub-frames n−ki, i=0 to M−1.







TABLE 2







Downlink Association Set Index K: {k0, k1, . . . kM−1}








UL-DL
Subframe n

















Configuration
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9





0
—
—
6
—
4
—
—
6
—
4


1
—
—
7, 6
4
—
—
—
7, 6
4
—


2
—
—
8, 7, 4, 6
—
—
—
—
8, 7, 4, 6
—
—


3
—
—
7, 6, 11
6, 5
5, 4
—
—
—
—
—


4
—
—
12, 8, 7, 11
6, 5, 4, 7
—
—
—
—
—
—


5
—
—
13, 12, 9, 8, 7, 5, 4, 11, 6
—
—
—
—
—
—
—


6
—
—
7
7
5
—
—
7
7
—









As an illustrative example, when using TDD UL/DL configuration 6, there are uplink subframes that occur in subframes 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8. (see also UL/DL configuration 6 in Table 1). Referring to Table 2, for the UL/DL configuration 6, at subframe 2, the downlink association set index K:{k0, k1, . . . kM−1} can be represented as K:{7}.

The uplink HARQ ACK/NACK timing linkage is shown in Table 3 below. As understood to a person of skill in the art, a timing linkage represents a relationship between when downlink data is transmitted in downlink subframes and when corresponding HARQ ACK/NACK feedback is transmitted in one or more subsequent uplink subframes. Table 3 shows k values for HARQ ACK/NACK. It indicates that the physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH) ACK/NACK received in DL sub-frame i is linked with the UL data transmission in UL sub-frame i-k, k is given in Table 3. In addition, for UL/DL configuration 0, in sub-frames 0 and 5, when IPHICH=1, k=6. This is because there may be two ACK/NACKs for a UE transmitted on the PHICH in subframes 0 and 5.







TABLE 3







k for HARQ ACK/NACK








TDD UL/DL
subframe number i

















Configuration
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9





0
7
4



7
4





1

4


6

4


6


2



6




6


3
6







6
6


4








6
6


5








6


6
6
4



7
4


6









The UL grant, ACK/NACK and transmission/retransmission relationship is in Table 4 below. Table 4 shows k values for physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission. The UE shall upon detection of a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) with DCI format 0 and/or a PHICH transmission in sub-frame n intended for the UE, adjust the corresponding PUSCH transmission in sub-frame n+k, with k given in Table 4.

For TDD UL/DL configuration 0, if the LSB of the UL index in the DCI format 0 is set to 1 in sub-frame n or a PHICH is received in sub-frame n=0 or 5 in the resource corresponding to IPHICH=1, or PHICH is received in sub-frame n=1 or 6, the UE shall adjust the corresponding PUSCH transmission in sub-frame n+7. If, for TDD UL/DL configuration 0, both the most significant bit (MSB) and least significant bit (LSB) of the UL index field in the DCI format 0 are set in sub-frame n, the UE shall adjust the corresponding PUSCH transmission in both sub-frames n+k and n+7, with k given in Table 4.







TABLE 4







k for PUSCH transmission








TDD UL/DL
subframe number n

















Configuration
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9





0
4
6



4
6





1

6


4

6


4


2



4




4


3
4







4
4


4








4
4


5








4


6
7
7



7
7


5









Both grant and HARQ timing linkage in TDD are more complicated than the fixed time linkages used in an LTE FDD system.

The physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) format 1a/1b may be used to transmit the ACK/NACK signalling (when ACK/NACK is not multiplexed into a PUSCH transmission). The slot structure of PUCCH formats 1a and 1b with normal cyclic prefix is shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a physical uplink control channel format 1a/1b slot structure with normal cyclic prefix. Each format 1a/1b PUCCH is in a subframe made up of two slots. The same modulation symbol is used in both slots. Without channel selection, formats 1a and 1b carry one and two ACK/NACK bits, respectively. These bits are encoded into the modulation symbol using either BPSK or QPSK modulation based on the number of ACK/NACK bits. The symbol is multiplied by a cyclic-shifted sequence with length-12. Then, the samples are mapped to the 12 subcarriers which the PUCCH is to occupy and then converted to the time domain via an IDFT. The spread signal is then multiplied with an orthogonal cover sequence with the length of 4, w(m), where mε{0,1,2,3} corresponds to each one of 4 data bearing symbols in the slot. There are three reference symbols in each slot (located in the middle symbols of the slot) that allow channel estimation for coherent demodulation of formats 1a/1b.
Similar to FDD, for TDD, the PUCCH resource which a UE is to use may be signalled via either implicit or explicit signaling.
In the case of implicit signaling, for a PDSCH transmission indicated by the detection of corresponding PDCCH or a PDCCH indicating downlink SPS release in sub-frame n−ki where kiεK defined in Table 2, the PUCCH resource nPUCCH,i(1)=(M−i−1)·Nc+i·Nc+1+nCCE,i+NPUCCH(1), where c is selected from {0, 1, 2, 3} such that Nc≦nCCE,i<Nc+1, where M is the number of elements in the set K defined in Table 2. Nc=max{0, └[NRBDL·(NscRB·c−4)]/36┘}, nCCE,i is the number of the first control channel element (CCE) used for transmission of the corresponding PDCCH in subframe n−ki, and NPUCCH(1) is configured by higher layers.
In the case of explicit signalling, the PUCCH resource may be indicated via the ACK/NACK resource indicator (ARI) bits and/or higher layer configuration. FIG. 6 illustrates the PUCCH resource mapping scheme. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an example physical uplink control channel resource mapping scheme. In carrier aggregation (CA), PUCCH resources may be signalled implicitly using the location of the scheduling grant for the UE on the PDCCH of its primary cell (PCell). PUCCH resources may also be explicitly indicated using the ARI bits contained in the grant for the UE on the PDCCH of one of the UE's secondary cells (SCells). In some implementations, resources of the SCell may be cross carrier scheduled by the PCell. For example, a PDCCH transmitted on PCell may provide scheduling for a PDSCH on SCell. In cross carrier scheduling, the PUCCH resource allocated to a UE may be implicitly signalled by the first CCE index of the PDCCH. In other implementations, the SCell is separate-scheduled by PDCCH on SCell itself (i.e. a PDCCH on SCell refers to a PDSCH grant also on SCell), and the PUCCH resource index is determined by the ARI bits in the grant transmitted on the SCell PDCCH.
LTE-Advanced Release-10 currently only supports CA when using the same UL/DL configuration on all the aggregated carriers. Inter-band carrier aggregation with different TDD UL/DL configurations on the carriers from different bands may facilitate the bandwidth flexibility and coexistence with legacy TDD systems.
It is noted that a component carrier (CC) is also known as a serving cell or a cell. Furthermore, when multiple CCs are scheduled, for each UE, one of the CCs can be designated as a primary carrier which is used for PUCCH transmission, semi-persistent scheduling, etc., while the remaining one or more CCs are configured as secondary CCs. This primary carrier is also known as primary cell (PCell), while the secondary CC is known as secondary cell (SCell).
The timing linkage complexity in TDD systems increases, especially in view of CA with different TDD configurations, because with different TDD configurations, there are time instances with direction conflicting subframes among aggregated CCs (e.g. an UL subframe on CC1 at the same time as CC2 has a DL subframe). Also the timing linkage is different for each different TDD configuration and, furthermore, certain control signals have to be on a specific carrier, e.g. PUCCH has to be on PCell, etc. This may lead to a much greater control channel resource collision possibility in some scenarios.
Because PUCCH is transmitted on PCell in the case of inter-band CA with different UL/DL configurations, it increases the possibility of PUCCH resource collision. Described in this disclosure are two types of PUCCH resource collision. One type is that collision takes place between different UEs when ACK/NACKs from different UEs happen to use the same PUCCH resource, which may be referred to as a Type 1 collision or an inter-UE collision. Another type of collision occurs within the same UE when the PUCCH format 1a/1b resources from PCell and SCell are mapped onto the same PUCCH resource: this type of collision may be referred to as a Type 2 collision or an intra-UE collision. We consider both scenarios in this disclosure.
FIG. 7A is an example schematic diagram illustrating downlink hybrid automatic repeat request (HARD) timing linkages in inter-band carrier aggregation. In FIG. 7A, a primary cell (PCell) is utilizing UL/DL configuration 6 and a secondary cell (SCell) is utilizing UL/DL configuration 2. In the example scenario shown in FIG. 7A, two TDD carriers are aggregated, and the PCell 702 is set as UL/DL configuration 6 and SCell 704 is with UL/DL configuration 2, in full duplex mode. PCell 702 follows its own DL HARQ timing relationship, which is UL/DL configuration 6, and SCell 704 DL HARQ follows the timing of UL/DL configuration 2. The PCell 702 is shown with PDCCH configuration 706 and PUCCH configuration 708; SCell 704 is shown with PDCCH configuration 712 (PDCCH may or may not be configured on SCell). The arrows 710 represent the DL HARQ timing for a first (e.g., non-CA legacy) UE served by PCell 702; while the arrows 716 represent the DL HARQ timing of SCell 704 for a second (e.g., CA) UE. A non-CA legacy UE on the carrier with UL/DL configuration 6 will follow the original Rel. 8/9/10 timing linkage of UL/DL configuration 6.
For legacy UEs on PCell PUCCH resource is determined by the first CCE for subframe 0 grant; while for CA UEs SCell PUCCH resources are based on four different subframes.
Turning to the PUCCH format 1a/1b resource at subframe #7 720 in FIG. 7A, for a legacy non-CA UE whose serving cell has UL/DL configuration 6, the PUCCH resource is determined by the first CCE index for transmission of the corresponding PDCCH in subframe #0 as described above. For a CA UE, it may require four PUCCH resources at subframe #7 720 for ACK/NACKs from four different PDSCH subframes, #9, #0, #1 and #3. In the case of cross carrier scheduling, these PUCCH resources are determined by the same fashion as described above, but the CCE indexes used in the calculation are from the different subframes for transmission of the corresponding PDCCHs. Therefore, it may result in the same PUCCH channel resource index for the non-CA UE and the CA UE at the same UL subframe.
FIG. 7B is an example schematic 750 diagram illustrating DL HARQ timing linkages in inter-band carrier aggregation with UL/DL configuration 1 on the PCell 752 and UL/DL configuration 4 on SCell 754. PCell 752 follows its own DL HARQ timing relationship, which is UL/DL configuration 1, and SCell 754 DL HARQ follows the timing of UL/DL configuration 4. The arrows 760 represent the DL HARQ timing of PCell 752, the arrows 766 represent the DL HARQ timing of SCell 754. PCell 752 includes PDCCH configuration 756 and PUCCH configuration 758. SCell 754 includes PDCCH configuration 762.
As shown in FIG. 7B, for cross carrier scheduling, the PUCCH format 1a/1b resources at subframes #2 are determined by the first CCE index for transmission of the corresponding PDCCH in subframes #5 and #6 of PCell 752 and subframes #0, #1, #4, #5 of SCell 754. Therefore, it may result in PUCCH resource collision between PCell 752 and SCell 754 within the CA UE at subframe 2. It should be understood that the PUCCH channel index mapped from different subframes may have the same number. In FIG. 7B, a potential PUCCH resource collision may also occur in subframe 3.
In one aspect of the present disclosure include, an algorithm can be used to determine PUCCH format 1a/1b resource mapping. The algorithm may be used throughout the system, or may be selectively used in the case of inter-band CA with different TDD UL/DL configurations. Because PUCCH is transmitted only on a single cell (PCell), we have to design a single PUCCH resource mapping rule which can be applied to all component carriers in CA.
In Table 2 above, each entry represents the downlink association set index K at a subframe n for a given UL/DL configuration. For convenience in expression, two additional indexes can be assigned to K:Kj,n, with n indicating subframe number in a frame (from 0 to 9) and j representing UL/DL configuration (from 0 to 6). For example, K1,2 refers to the subframe 2 of a carrier using UL/DL configuration 1. Referring to the information of Table 2, the following expression should be understood as representing the downlink association set index K associated for UL/DL configuration 1, subframe 2: K1,2={7,6}. Similarly, the downlink association set index K for UL/DL configuration 2, subframe 2 is represented by the expression K2,2={8,7,4,6}. The downlink association set is null at any DL or special subframe.
FIG. 8A is a process flowchart for mapping physical uplink control channel resources in accordance with the present disclosure. For simplicity, the example described below considers two component carriers, though the below scheme can be extended to cases with more than two CCs. DL HARQ timing linkages from CCs with different UL/DL configurations can be determined (802). The timing linkages can be used to determine the next procedural steps (804). Depending on scenarios, sometimes all CCs follow the same DL HARQ timing linkage (usually PCell configuration timing), other times they follow different timing. If all CCs follow the same DL HARQ timing, there will be no issue to use the Rel 8/9/10 PUCCH format 1a/1b resource mapping rule with the PCell configuration (806). If CCs follow different DL HARQ timing linkages, another determination can be made for a subframe n carrying ACK/NACK (808). Assuming that a PCell follows configuration j1 and SCell follows configuration j2, the first downlink association set index Kj1,n refers to the resource mapping for subframe n of the PCell, and the second downlink association set index Kj2,n refers to the resource mapping for subframe n of the SCell. For a given subframe n carrying an uplink transmission (e.g. ACK/NACK), if Kj1,n⊃Kj2,n, i.e. first downlink association set is a superset of or equal to the second downlink association set (810) use the legacy Rel 8/9/10 PUCCH format 1a/1b resource mapping rule with the PCell configuration (806).
Otherwise, determine a DK for each SCell (812): derived K (DK)=(Kj2,n−(Kj2,n−(Kj1,n∩Kj2,n)). In other words, the derived downlink association set DK is equal to the second downlink association set Kj2,n minus the union of the first downlink association set Kj1,n and the second downlink association set Kj2,n.
The PUCCH resource mapping is provided as follows: for a PDSCH transmission indicated by the detection of a corresponding PDCCH in subframe n−km, where kmεKj1,n, the PUCCH resource nPUCCH,1(1)=(M−m−1)·Nc+m·Nc+1+nCCE,m+NPUCCH(1) where c is selected from {0, 1, 2, 3} such that Nc≦nCCE,m<Nc+1, Nc=max{0, ┐[NRBDL·(NscRB·c−4)]/36┘}, where M is the number of elements in the set Kj1,n, nCCE,m is the number of the first CCE used for transmission of the corresponding PDCCH in subframe n−km and NPUCCH(1) is configured by higher layers.
In other words, the PUCCH resource mapping is provided as follows: for a PDSCH transmission indicated by the detection of a corresponding PDCCH in subframe at n−km, where downlink association set value km is a member of the first downlink association set Kj1,n, the PUCCH resource may be identified based at least in part upon the number of elements in the first downlink association set Kj1,n, and the number of the first CCE used for transmission of the corresponding PDCCH in subframe at n−km.
For a PDSCH transmission indicated by the detection of a corresponding PDCCH in subframe n−km, where kmεDK, the PUCCH resource is defined as:

nPUCCH,1(1)=(DM−m−1)·Nc+m·Nc+1+nCCE,m+NPUCCH(1)+M·NL−1,

where c is selected from {0, 1, 2, 3} such that:

Nc≦nCCE,m<Nc−1,Nc=max{0,└[NRBDL·(NscRB·c−4)]/36┘},

where DM is the number of elements in the set DK, nCCE,m is the number of the first CCE used for transmission of the corresponding PDCCH in subframe n−kn and NPUCCH(1) is configured by higher layers, and L is the number of symbols in control region within a subframe. NscRB is resource block size in the frequency domain, expressed as a number of subcarriers. NRBDL is downlink bandwidth configuration, expressed in units of NscRB. The derived downlink association set DK and the first downlink association set Kj1,n are used to map the PUCCH.

In other words, for a PDSCH transmission indicated by the detection of a corresponding PDCCH in subframe at n−km, where downlink association set value km is a member of the derived downlink association set DK the PUCCH resource is identified at least in part upon the number DM of elements in the set DK, the number nCCE,m of the first CCE used for transmission of the corresponding PDCCH in subframe at n−km. The derived downlink association set DK and the first downlink association set Kj1,n are used to map the PUCCH.
The symbols ⊂ denotes “subset of or equal to” and ⊃ denotes “superset of or equal to.” For example, A⊂B implies that all of the elements contained in A are also found in B, but B may have additional elements which are not contained in A. Similarly, A⊃ B implies that A contains all of the elements which are found in B, but A may also contain additional elements which are not found in B. The symbols fl and ∩ are used to indicate “intersection” and “union,” respectively.
In LTE CA, the maximum number of CCs is currently five. For more than two CCs case, the DK is given by,

    
    
        For 3CCs, DK3=(Kj3,n−(Kj3,n∩(Kj1,n∪Kj2,n))
        For 4CCs, DK4=(Kj4,n−(Kj4,n∩(Kj1,n∪Kj2,n∪Kj3,n)))
        For 5CCs, DK5=(Kj5,n−(Kj5,n∩(Kj1,n∪Kj2,n∪Kj3,n∪Kj4,n)))

The same mapping method as above can be applied accordingly. Note that, if the number of CCs is large enough, PUCCH format 3 can be used.

    
    


FIG. 8A described above describes a method of operating a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communications network with two component carriers. In certain implementations, the UE can determine downlink (DL) hybrid automatic repeat request (HARD) timing linkages associated with a first component carrier and a second component carrier. The first component carrier can have a different uplink (UL) and DL configuration than the second component carrier. A derived downlink association set can be determined. The PUCCH resource to the subframe can be identified based (at least in part) on the first downlink association set (e.g., the downlink association set Kj1,n for the PCell) and the derived downlink association set (DK). The term “identified” is meant to capture different functional aspects, such as choosing, selecting, receiving an indication of, determining, calculating, mapping, etc.
It may be determined whether or not a first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier is a superset or equal to a second downlink association set associated with the second component carrier. If it is a superset or equal, then the legacy PUCCH mapping can be used. If it is neither a superset nor equal, then the derived downlink association set DK can be derived and used (along with first downlink association set Kj1,n) to identify the PUCCH resource. Based on determining that the first downlink association set is a superset or equal to the second downlink association set, the PUCCH resource can be identified (e.g., mapped) based on a configuration timing associated with the first component carrier.
In certain implementations, the derived downlink association set (DK) is determined by determining set values that are not common among the first downlink association set and the second downlink association set. That is, DK=(Kj1,n∩Kj2,n)). As mentioned above, a similar derivation can be performed for multiple SCells.
As an example, taking the scenario presented in FIG. 7A, PCell is set as UL/DL configuration 6 and SCell has UL/DL configuration 2, in full duplex mode. According to the DL HARQ timing design, PCell follows its own DL HARQ timing relationship, which is for UL/DL configuration 6, and SCell DL HARQ follows the timing of UL/DL configuration 2. There are multiple timing linkages in this case. For UL/DL configuration 6, UL subframes #2, #3, #4, #7, and #8 carry ACK/NACK bits from different PDSCHs. For UL/DL configuration 2, only two UL subframes #2 and #7 carry ACK/NACK bits, but each one carries ACK/NACK for up to four DL PDSCHs. For PUCCH resource at UL subframes #3, #4 and #8, it does not have any issue with carrier aggregation since there is no PUCCH resource needed for SCell.
For UL subframes #2, Kj1,2={7} for UL/DL configuration 6; and Kj2,2={8,7,4,6} for UL/DL configuration 2. So, Kj1,2⊃Kj2,2 is NOT true. In this scenario, we calculate derived downlink association set DK as,

DK=(Kj2,n−(Kj2,n−(Kj1,n∩Kj2,n)={8,4,6}.

Two downlink association sets, i.e. Kj1,n and DK, are used to map the PUCCH resource as described above. FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram 900 illustrating an example physical uplink control channel resource allocation 902 for a PCell. The range of PUCCH index is listed on the left of the stack and k indexes listed within each box. FIG. 9B is a schematic diagram 910 illustrating an example physical uplink control channel resource allocation 912 for an SCell. FIG. 9B illustrates the PUCCH resource allocation at subframe #2 (the same PUCCH allocation would also occur at subframe #7) for above mentioned example with three OFDM symbols used for PDCCH per DL subframe. The PUCCH resource mapping for legacy non-CA UE served by PCell only using existing Rel 8/9/10 method is also presented in FIG. 9A as 902. The PUCCH resource mapping scheme described herein can be used without PUCCH resource collision in the inter-band CA with different TDD UL/DL configurations. This proposed scheme is applicable to avoid both inter-UE (Type 1) and intra-UE (Type 2) collisions.
FIG. 8B is a process flowchart 850 for mapping PUCCH resource for a carrier aggregation UE in three component carriers with three different DL HARQ ACK/NACK timing linkages. For a subframe n carrying ACK/NACK signals (852), it can be determined whether a first downlink association set Kj1,n associated with a first component carrier (i.e., the PCell) is a superset of or equal to the union set of a second downlink association set Kj2,n association with a second component carrier (an SCell) and a third downlink association set Kj3,n associated with a third component carrier (another SCell) (854). If Kj1,n is a superset of or equal to the union of the second and third downlink association sets (i.e., Kj1,n ⊃(Kj2,n∪Kj3,n)) then the PUCCH mapping can follow the legacy (Rel 10) mapping scheme using Kj1,n (856). If Kj1,n is neither a superset of nor equal to the union of the second and third downlink association sets, then it can be determined whether Kj1,n is a superset of Kj2,n (858).
If Kj1,n is a superset or equal to Kj2,n, then the PUCCH resource in the subframe can be identified based on the first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier (859), and it can be determined whether Kj3,n is a subset of or equal to the union of Kj1,n and Kj2,n (864). If Kj3,n⊂(Kj1,n∪Kj2,n) is true, no further steps are taken for PUCCH resource mapping (866). If Kj3,n⊂(Kj1,n∪Kj2,n) is false, then a second derived downlink association set (DK3) can be determined (868). DK3 can be used to map the PUCCH resource for remaining downlink associations sets (870).
If Kj,1n is neither a superset of nor equal to Kj2,n, then a derived downlink association set (DK) for the second component carrier can be determined (860). The DK and Kj1,n can be used to map the PUCCH resource. It can then be determined whether Kj3,n is a subset of or equal to the union of Kj1,n and Kj2,n (864). If Kj3,n⊂(Kj1,n∪Kj2,n) is true, no further steps are taken for PUCCH resource mapping (866). If Kj3,n⊂(Kj1,n∪Kj2,n) is false, then a second derived downlink association set (DK3) can be determined (868). DK3 can be used to map the PUCCH resource for remaining downlink associations sets (870).
While several embodiments have been provided in the present disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods may be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The present examples are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the intention is not to be limited to the details given herein. For example, the various elements or components may be combined or integrated in another system or certain features may be omitted, or not implemented.
Also, techniques, systems, subsystems and methods described and illustrated in the various embodiments as discrete or separate may be combined or integrated with other systems, modules, techniques, or methods without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Other items shown or discussed as coupled or directly coupled or communicating with each other may be indirectly coupled or communicating through some interface, device, or intermediate component, whether electrically, mechanically, or otherwise. Other examples of changes, substitutions, and alterations are ascertainable by one skilled in the art and could be made without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein.
While the above detailed description has shown, described, and pointed out the fundamental novel features of the invention as applied to various embodiments, it will be understood that various omissions and substitutions and changes in the form and details of the system illustrated may be made by those skilled in the art, without departing from the intent of the disclosure.

## Claims

1. A method of operating a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communications network, the method comprising:
determining, by the UE, downlink (DL) hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) timing linkages associated with each of a first component carrier and a second component carrier, the first component carrier having a different uplink (UL) and DL configuration than the second component carrier;
determining, by the UE, a derived downlink association set in response to the DL HARQ timing linkages are related such that an uplink resource collision may occur, wherein the derived downlink association set comprises set values of a second downlink association set minus a union of a first downlink association set and the second downlink association set, where the first downlink association set is associated with the first component carrier and the second downlink association set is associated with the second component carrier;
identifying, by the UE, a PUCCH resource in a subframe based on the first downlink association set and the derived downlink association set; and
transmitting HARQ information using the PUCCH resource.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
prior to determining the derived downlink association set, determining whether the first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier is neither a superset of nor equal to a second downlink association set associated with the second component carrier.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein said determining the derived downlink association set and said identifying the PUCCH resource are performed only if the first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier is determined to be neither a superset of nor equal to a second downlink association set associated with the second component carrier.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein if the first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier is determined to be a superset or equal to a second downlink association set associated with the second component carrier, the method further comprises:
identifying a PUCCH resource for the second component carrier based on the second downlink association set without determining the derived downlink association set.

5. The method of claim 2, further comprising, based on determining that the first downlink association set is neither a superset of nor equal to the second downlink association set mapping the PUCCH resource in the subframe based on a configuration timing associated with the first component carrier.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first component carrier comprises a primary cell (PCell), and the second component carrier comprises a secondary cell (SCell).

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the subframe carries at least one acknowledgment/negative-acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) bit.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the PUCCH resource is a format 1a/1b resource.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the UE operates in a time-division-duplex mode.

10. A method of operating a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communications network, the method comprising:
determining, by the UE, downlink (DL) hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) timing linkages associated with each of a first component carrier, a second component carrier, and a third component carrier, the third component carrier having a different uplink (UL) and DL configuration than the first and second component carriers, the third component carrier associated with a third downlink association set;
determining, by the UE, a first derived downlink association set in response to the DL HARQ timing linkages are related such that an uplink resource collision may occur on the first component carrier, wherein the derived downlink association set comprises set values of a second downlink association set minus a union of a first downlink association set and the second downlink association set, where the first downlink association set is associated with the first component carrier and the second downlink association set is associated with the second component carrier;
identifying, by the UE, a PUCCH resource in a subframe based on the first downlink association set and the first derived downlink association set;
determining, by the UE, a second derived downlink association set in response to the DL HARQ timing linkages are related such that an uplink resource collision may occur on the third component carrier;
identifying, by the UE, a PUCCH resource mapping for the third component carrier based at least in part upon the second derived downlink association set; and
transmitting HARQ information using the PUCCH resource and the PUCCH resource mapping.

11. A network element for a wireless communications network, the network element comprising:
a non-transitory processor operable to execute instructions comprising:
determining downlink (DL) hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) timing linkages associated with each of a first component carrier and a second component carrier, the first component carrier having a different uplink (UL) and DL configuration than the second component carrier;
determining a derived downlink association set in response to the DL HARQ timing linkages are related such that an uplink resource collision may occur, wherein the derived downlink association set comprises set values of a second downlink association set minus a union of a first downlink association set and the second downlink association set, where the first downlink association set is associated with the first component carrier and the second downlink association set is associated with the second component carrier;
identifying a PUCCH resource in a subframe based on the first downlink association set and the derived downlink association set; and

transmitting HARQ information using the PUCCH resource.

12. The network element of claim 11, the instructions further comprising:
prior to determining the derived downlink association set, determining whether the first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier is neither a superset of nor equal to a second downlink association set associated with the second component carrier.

13. The network element of claim 12, wherein said determining the derived downlink association set and said identifying the PUCCH resource are performed only if the first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier is determined to be neither a superset of nor equal to a second downlink association set associated with the second component carrier.

14. The network element of claim 13, wherein if the first downlink association set associated with the first component carrier is determined to be a superset of or equal to a second downlink association set associated with the second component carrier, the method further comprises:
identifying a PUCCH resource for the second component carrier based on the second downlink association set without determining the derived downlink association set.

15. The network element of claim 12, the instructions further comprising, based on determining that the first downlink association set is neither a superset of nor equal to the second downlink association set, mapping the PUCCH resource in the subframe based on a configuration timing associated with the first component carrier.

16. The network element of claim 11, wherein the first component carrier comprises a primary cell (PCell), and the second component carrier comprises a secondary cell (SCell).

17. The network element of claim 11, wherein the subframe carries at least one acknowledgment/negative-acknowledgement (ACK/NACK) bit.

18. The network element of claim 11, wherein the PUCCH resource is a format 1a/1b resource.

19. The network element of claim 11, wherein the UE operates in a time-division-duplex mode.

20. A network element for a wireless communications network, the network element comprising:
a non-transitory processor operable to execute instructions comprising:
determining downlink (DL) hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) timing linkages associated with each of a first component carrier, a second component carrier, and a third component carrier, the third component carrier having a different uplink (UL) and DL configuration than the first and second component carriers, the third component carrier associated with a third downlink association set;
determining a first derived downlink association set in response to the DL HARQ timing linkages are related such that an uplink resource collision may occur on the first component carrier, wherein the derived downlink association set comprises set values of a second downlink association set minus a union of a first downlink association set and the second downlink association set, where the first downlink association set is associated with the first component carrier and the second downlink association set is associated with the second component carrier;
identifying a PUCCH resource in a subframe based on the first downlink association set and the first derived downlink association set;
determining a second derived downlink association set in response to the DL HARQ timing linkages are related such that an uplink resource collision may occur on the third component carrier; and
identifying a PUCCH resource mapping for the third component carrier based at least in part upon a second derived downlink association set; and
receiving HARQ information using the PUCCH resource and the PUCCH resource mapping.