# Patent

## Title
Post mounting system and method

## Abstract

A post mounting system and method that includes individually adjustable angled gripping elements which contact the interior of a hollow post so as to hold the post firmly against a retaining wall of a base member surrounding the lower end of the post. One or more shim components having a surface area substantially the same as at least the surface area of the bottom of the base member is used to adjust the vertical angularity of a post secured to the base member. The shims may be circularly shaped with a slot extending to the center thereof for shim placement about a rod upon which the base member is mounted. There is a thicker portion of such a shim opposite the slot. Alternative embodiments include additional post reinforcing structures insertable into the interior of the hollow post to provide additional support for complying with building code requirements, such as second story dwelling uses, etc.

## Background
RELATED APPLICATIONS
The present application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 60/376,658 filed Apr. 29, 2002, which is fully incorporated therein by reference.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a post mounting system and method, and more particularly, is directed to a post mounting system having individually adjustable angled clamping members which contact the interior of a hollow plastic or composite post so as to hold such a post firmly against a base member's retaining wall surrounding such post.
BACKGROUND
Post retaining systems and methods are known in the art. For example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,404,682; Reissue No. 36,550; 5,458,428; 5,307,598; and 5,386,938, all to West, describe various devices for mounting posts, and in particular, hollow square vinyl posts, to secure the same. Difficulties exist, however, with respect to proper plumbing of such posts to ensure correct vertical alignment thereof and with respect to securing such posts in a stable fashion. Moreover, the method by which hollow vinyl posts are connected to a mounting assembly is often complicated and made difficult by the necessity of having various accessories required to perform such task. For example, in prior art post mounting systems and methods, a vice may be utilized to hold the post, a press is utilized to insert elements of the mounting assembly into the hollow interior of the post and a router rig is required to configure the interior and exterior portions of the post so that it can be properly configured for use with such prior art post mounting systems.
FIG. 1 is illustrative of the components used in other prior art mounting assemblies for securing hollow posts in a vertical position. Specifically, there is a support base 12 having: (a) a vertically protruding interior pedestal 16 over which a hollow post (not shown here) is fitted, and (b) a surrounding recess 20 into which a lower end of the hollow post is fitted when secured to the support base 12. The additional components shown in FIG. 1 include mounting screws 24 that can be used to secure support base 12 to a wood deck or porch, a threaded mounting rod 28 that can secure the support base 12 to the deck or porch by attaching the rod 28 to, e.g., an underneath side of the deck or porch so that the rod extends through the deck or porch and then through the center hole 32 of the support base. During assembly the following steps are generally performed: (a) the rod 28 is fastened with nuts and washers to the deck or porch, (b) a hollow post is selected that mates tightly with the pedestal 16 (the post interior is expanded if necessary), (c) the post is positioned on the pedestal 16, (d) the post is then vertically adjusted by various techniques such as: positioning shims underneath one or more of the four corners 36 of support base, reconfiguring the interior of the hollow post, and/or grinding the lower end of the post so that the post will be sufficiently vertical, (e) once the post is sufficiently vertical, screws 40 are threaded into the side of both the post and the support base 12 to secure the post to the support base, and (f) a trim ring 44 is provided over the exposed portion of the support base 12 to thereby cover the connection between the support base and the post.
To secure the hollow post tightly onto the support base 12, the interior pedestal 16 must tightly fit into the interior of the post. Accordingly, such pedestals 16 may be slightly larger than the interior of the post, and thus each pedestal must have its exterior dimensions reduced and/or each post must have its lower end interior dimensions increased so that: (a) the pedestal and its post tightly mate, and (b) when the support base 12 is secured to the ground (via the threaded bolts 24), the post will be (or at least appear to be) exactly vertical. Moreover, since the ends of such hollow posts may not be exactly perpendicular to the length of the post, a user can not always fully seat the lower end of the post into the recess 20. Additionally, the ground upon which the support base 12 is to be attached may not be (and typically is not) completely horizontally level. Thus, there is no simple way to assure that the length of the post will be vertical when put in position. Moreover, once the post is secured to the pedestal, there is no simple means by which the post's orientation to the support base 12 can be adjusted short of disengaging the two customizing their fit.
Thus, it would desirable to have an efficient and sturdy system and method for securely attaching and more easily vertically aligning posts without the need for expensive accessories when performing post mounting operations.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a post mounting method and assembly wherein posts (and in particular, hollow posts) are more easily set in place. In particular, the present invention provides a method and assembly by which posts can be properly plumbed to a desired vertical orientation without undue expense or the need for expensive accessories in order to perform the post mounting operation.
Additional features and benefits of the present invention are provided in the particular embodiments of the invention described hereinbelow in the Detailed Description of the invention, as well as in the various embodiments of the invention set forth in the accompanying figures.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a representation of a prior art device for mounting a hollow vinyl fence post.
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of one embodiment of the present invention showing a shim plate 122, an angled support structure 115, four individual angled/wedge gripping element 118, a slide-over decorative cap 128 and a hollow post 126.
FIGS. 3A-3C illustrate various views of the angled/wedge gripping element 118 to grip and properly align the vertical vinyl fence posts 126. In particular, referring to the vertically operative orientation (FIG. 2) of the gripping elements 118, FIG. 3A shows an end view of the gripping element 118, FIG. 3B shows a top view of the gripping element 118, and FIG. 3C shows a side view of the gripping element 118, wherein this side contacts a face 116 of an angled support member 115 (FIGS. 2 and 8).
FIGS. 4A-4C illustrate views of one particular embodiment of a base member 112 designed to accommodate the angled/wedge gripping elements 118 and an end of a hollow vinyl fence post 126 therein. In particular, referring to the vertically operative orientation (FIG. 2) of the base member 112, FIG. 5A shows a side cross sectional view of the base member wherein the cross section is defined by the sectioning plane corresponding to the cross section viewing arrows A in FIG. 4B; FIG. 4B shows a top view of the base member 112; and FIG. 4C shows an exterior side view of the base member 112.
FIG. 5 is a representation of a shim member 122 suitable for use with the present invention, such a shim showing the thicker portion (t) at an area adjacent to a slot 124 formed therein.
FIG. 6 is an illustration of one embodiment of the present invention where an elastic band 50 is provided that surrounds each gripping element 118 so as to maintain the gripping elements in a contacting position with an angled support member 115, thus allowing placement of a vinyl hollow post 126 (not shown) within the post mounting system of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is shows an embodiment of the bottom (i.e., ground facing) side of the base member 112. In particular, this figure shows the threaded aperture/screw positions 154, wherein Allen headcap screws 158 are threaded therein. More specifically, each such Allen headcap screw 158 extends through the base member 112 and then extends through a threaded bore 160 of a corresponding one of the gripping elements 118 when the element 118 is operably positioned to rest against a face 116 of the angled support member 115 on the opposite (top) side of the base member 112.
FIG. 8 illustrates a side perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention with three of four gripping elements 118 in their operative positions prior to the insertion of a hollow vinyl post 126.
FIG. 9 is a perspective top view of one embodiment of the base member 112 with all the gripping elements 118 in their operative positions so as to accept a hollow post 126 (not shown in this figure) prior to tightening the Allen headcap screws 158 (not shown in this figure, but shown in FIGS. 7 and 10) on their threaded bolts 158 which, in turn, causes each of the gripping elements 118 to be forced downwardly and outwardly toward the interior walls of the hollow post 126 for securing the post to the base member 112.
FIG. 10 shows: (a) a partial view of the base member 112 with its interior angled support member 115, (b) a gripping element 118 with its bore 160 running therethrough and a groove 170 running transversely to the bore, wherein the groove accommodates the elastic band or retaining member 150 (FIG. 6), and (c) a threaded bolt 158 for use in threadably securing the gripping elements 118 in the base member 112.
FIG. 11 shows one embodiment of an internal support member 127 that fits within a hollow post 126 to provide additional structural support therefor.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
For the purposes of sufficient enabling written description, the entire contents of U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,404,682; Reissue No. 36,550; 5,458,428; 5,307,598; and 5,386,938 are incorporated herein in their entireties by this reference.
FIG. 2 shows one embodiment of the post mounting assembly 100 of the present invention. The post mounting assembly 100 includes a base member 112 for attaching to the lower end 125 of a hollow post 126 (this post being substantially identical to the post 26 of FIG. 1). The base member 112 includes a bottom plate 113 with an upper surface 130. Attached to the upper surface 130 is a substantially vertical wall component 114 configured to surround the exterior of the post lower end 125 when the post 126 is attached to the base member 112. The base member 112 also includes an angled support member 115 that has a truncated conical or pyramidal-shape with as many faces 116 as the hollow post 126 has. Note that although such a post 126 typically has four sides and may be manufactured from vinyl or a composite material (e.g., a wood flour polymer blend), it is within the scope of the invention for embodiments the assembly 100 to be configured to accept posts 126 having a smaller or larger number of sides. Indeed, there may be embodiments of the assembly 100 that are configured to accept cylindrical posts, such that there may be only a single conical face 116 circularly surrounding a top 117 of the angled support member 115. Moreover, such posts 126 may include reinforcing structures within their interiors that extend most of the lengths of the posts. Such reinforcing structures may be integral with the interior of the posts 126, or such reinforcing structures may be separate structures that are inserted into the interior of the posts prior to the posts being mounted to their base members 112. FIG. 11 shows one embodiment of such a reinforcing structure 127 for a post 126. In particular, when the reinforcing structure 127 is a separate unit that slides into the interior of a post 126, the reinforcing structure can be secured by suitable means, such as by attachment screws connecting the base member 112 to the attachment member 127, etc. Of course, other configurations of such reinforcing structures may also be used. However, such a reinforcing structure 127 must not interfere with or block the insertion of the angled support member 115 into the interior of a post 126. Accordingly, such a reinforcing structure 127 may be at least somewhat shorter than the interior of the post 126 in which the reinforcing structure resides so that when the reinforcing structure is positioned in the post interior (e.g., at a closed upper end of the post), the lower end 125 extends beyond the reinforcing structure a sufficient amount so that there is no blockage or interference with the insertion of the angled support member 115 into the lower end 125. Note that such reinforcing structures are important in various uses of fences and railings, e.g., that may be mounted on a second story of a dwelling. In particular, such posts 126 must satisfy certain safety code regulations, for example, at least withstand the force of a 500 lb. man leaning against the post without the post breaking, etc. Moreover in one embodiment, such a reinforcing structure 127 may be placed inside the post 126, via an open upper end of the post (which will subsequently be capped), after the post is connected to the base member 112 in a secure fashion.
In the embodiment of FIG. 2, the top 117 of the angled support member 115 square and has dimensions that are substantially smaller than the inside dimensions of the post lower end 125, and the faces 116 extend angularly downward from the top 117 to a post seating surface 120 (FIG. 4B), wherein this surface 120 has outer dimensions that are only slightly larger than the outer dimensions of the post lower end 125. In some embodiments, these outer dimensions are 0.02 inches to 0.025 inches larger than the outer dimensions of the post lower end, and in at least some embodiments approximately 0.15 inches larger. Additionally, the inner dimensions of the post seating surface 120 are smaller than the dimensions of the hollow interior of the post lower end 125, and in particular, these inner dimensions may be 0.275 inches to 0.300 inches smaller than the dimensions of the hollow interior of the post lower end.
In general, the top 117 will have substantially the same shape as a cross section of the interior of the post lower end 125 into which it fits. Thus, if this interior is circular, then the top 117 may have a substantially circular perimeter.
Each face 116 of the angled support structure 115 is configured to accept thereon a separate one of the angled/wedge gripping elements 118, each such gripping element having at least one bore 121 passing therethrough (in the orientations of the gripping element of FIG. 2, such bores are directed generally perpendicularly to the upper surface 130 of the bottom plate 113. Each of the bores 121 accepts an Allen headcap screw 158 (FIG. 10) that also is intended to extend through an oval bolt hole 134 (FIG. 4B) in the bottom plate 113 of the base member 112. Note that as the gripping elements 118 are forced toward the post seating surface 120 by tightening of the screws 158, the gripping elements move away from the center bore 146 and toward the interior surface of the post lower end 125. Thus, the oval configuration of the bolt holes 134 allows the screws 158 to remain substantially vertically oriented while such tightening causes them to move away from the center bore 146.
One or more circular shim members 122 each having a slot 124 provided therein are utilized beneath the base member 112 in order to adjust the angular orientation of the entire assembly 100 and (if attached) a post 126, thus permitting a method for adjusting the vertical orientation of the hollow post 126 once secured to the base member 112.
Preferably, the shim member 122 has a circular shape, although any of various different shapes can be provided. Importantly, in a preferred embodiment, the shim member 122 is designed to substantially encompass the surface area below the base member 112, as opposed to prior art shims which merely raise a corner or portion of a side of a component that functions as a base member. The shims 122 therefore provide a broad “footprint” for support beneath essentially the entire base member 112. The slot 124 in the shim 122 provides for easy insertion beneath a base member 112 in order to change the angular orientation of the entire post mounting assembly 100. Preferably, the shim member 122 may be thicker around the slot 124 portion (“t” in FIG. 5) and is thinner at a portion 136 of the shim 122 directly across from the slot 124 opening. Additionally, the underside of the bottom plate 113 may have a recess or counterbore 135 (FIG. 4B) having a depth of approximately the thin portion 136 of a shim 122. Thus, the thicker portion, t, about the slot 124 allows access to the slot for rotating the shim about a projection or rod 138 (such as a threaded bolt, a lag screw or a threaded shaft extending out of, e.g., concrete) shown in FIGS. 4A and 4C while the post mounting assembly 100 is positioned for attachment to a support platform or structure. Note, in at least some embodiments, the support platform includes the rod 138 extending substantially vertically out of an in-ground concrete anchor 142 (FIG. 4A). That is, by utilizing a tool having a thin edge and a width of the edge no wider than the slot 124, such an edge may be placed in the slot for rotating the shim(s) 122 around the rod 138.
Although not shown, a plurality of such shims 122 can be stacked on top of each other (and underneath the base member 112) to achieve a desired angular orientation of the assembly 100. The shims 122 are preferably made from a durable material such as plastic, vinyl, metal, etc., as will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, each shim 122 has a thicker portion “t” that is substantially adjacent to the shim's slot 124. The thickness differences between the perimeter of the shim 122 adjacent the slot 124 opening and the perimeter of the shim substantially at t can vary. There may shims 122 that are effective for changing a substantially vertical orientation of a post 126 by, e.g., 1⁄4 of an angular degree and/or multiples thereof. In some embodiments, where the shims 122 have a diameter of 6 inches, the thickness differences may be: (a) for a shim that changes the vertical orientation of a post 126 be 1⁄4 of an angular degree, approximately 0.033 inches, and (b) for a shim that changes the vertical orientation of a post 126 be 1⁄2 of an angular degree, approximately 0.047 inches.
A decorative cap 128 is typically used to provide a desired ornamental appearance of the mounted post once the post 126 is securely positioned within the base member 112.
In operation, the post 126 is positioned within the base member 112 by abutting the walls of the post 126 against the exterior supporting wall 114 of the base member 112. The wedge members 118 are preferably held in contact with the pyramidal structure by an elastomeric retaining member 150. The individual gripping elements 118 are then tightened by an appropriate adjustment of the screw 123 provided through the gripping element's bore 121 so that the gripping element is pulled toward the post seating surface 120 of the base member 112. As each gripping element 118 moves toward the post seating surface 120, the gripping element also increasingly presses outwardly against the interior walls of the post 126. Once each of the individual gripping elements 118 is secured so as to tightly hold the walls of the post 126 against the exterior wall 114 of the base member 112, the post 126 will be securely mounted therein and cannot be removed unless the gripping elements 118 are loosened by operation of the threaded screws 123.
Subsequently, a desired one or more shims 122, having various angular configurations (e.g., 1⁄4°, 1⁄2°, 3⁄4°, etc.) can be slid below the base member 112 so as to adjust the vertical angular orientation of the post mounting assembly 100—when it is mounted to a solid support such as the support platform described hereinabove. That is, once the rod 138 is inserted into the center bore 146 (FIGS. 2 and 7) of the base member 122 and the bottom surface of the bottom plate 113 is allowed rest upon the top surface of, e.g., the anchor 142 (or another anchoring support), a determination is made as to whether the post 126 attached to the base member 112 is sufficiently vertical. If so, then the base member 112 is secured to the anchor 142 by any one of a variety of techniques, e.g., including:

    
    
        (i) tightening a threaded nut (not shown) onto a threaded upper end 148 of the rod 138 (FIG. 4A), wherein the rod may be, e.g., a shaft having an opposite end fixed in concrete, or a bolt with its head secured to the underside of a floor, walkway, bridge, etc.; note that the nut may be tightened onto the rod 138 via an opening (not shown) in the side of the post 126, wherein this opening is used to mount a railing into the post. Thus, the nut can be tightened onto the rod 138 after the post is secured by the gripping elements to the base member 112;
        (ii) when the rod 138 is a lag screw, the opening for mounting a railing may be used as an access for tightening the lag screw down for securing the base member 112 to the support platform (such as wood or wood composite material);
        (iii) bolting the base member 112 to the anchor 142 via bolt holes (not shown) in the bottom plate 113;
        (iv) fixedly clamping the bottom plate 113 to the anchor 142 via clamps (not shown), wherein such clamps may be included as part of the support platform, and
        (v) inserting fasteners or spikes into holes (not shown) in the bottom plate 113 and driving these fasteners or spikes into the anchor 142.
    
    


However, if the post 126 attached to the base member 112 is not sufficiently vertical, then a determination is made as to the approximate direction and amount that the post 126 is angled from vertical, and one or more of the shims 122 are positioned underneath the bottom plate 113 (with the rod 138 inserted into the slot 124 of each of the shims and, if necessary, rotating the shims about the rod) to thereby orient the post 126 more vertical. Subsequently, another step of determining whether the post 126 is sufficiently vertical, and either the base member 112 is fixedly attached to the anchor 142 (if vertical alignment is sufficient), or further vertical alignment adjustments are made using one or shims 122. Accordingly, the above step of determining is iterated along with adjusting the post 126 vertical alignment until the post is sufficiently vertical and is then fixed to the anchor 142.
It should be understood that the above description is illustrative of how the assembly 100 may be utilized. Accordingly, instead of the base member 112 being attached to an in-ground anchor made of, e.g., concrete, the assembly 100 may be attached to a wooden foundation or another foundation material such as metal or brick.
In another embodiment of the invention, the angled support member 115 can be angled so that the wider portion of the support member is at the top 117, and faces 116 slope toward the center bore 146 as the faces come closer to the post seating surface 120. Thus, in this embodiment, gripping elements 118 are inverted within the post lower end 125, and the screws 158 (or, e.g., other threaded shafts) push (instead of pull) the gripping elements to engage the interior walls of a post 126.
In some embodiments of the invention, the Allen headcap screws 158 and their corresponding threaded portions within the bores 160 may be replaced by another mechanism for tightening the gripping elements 118 between the adjacent face 116 and the adjacent interior post wall. For example, spring activated levers (accessible via the underneath side of the bottom plate 113) attached to a non-threaded shaft extending through the bores 160 may be used wherein in an initial position such levers allow the gripping elements to fit loosely between the adjacent face 116 and the adjacent interior post wall, and in a second position cause the gripping elements to fit tightly and securely between the adjacent face 116 and the adjacent interior post wall. Thus, instead of the bores 160 being threaded, they are smooth and there is a hook or head on a portion of the shaft adjacent its bore 160 (e.g., an end of each shaft on the opposite side of the bore from that of the operably attached lever), so that when the lever is moved to its second position, the attached shaft mores the hook or head into contact with the operatively associated gripping element 118 for, in turn, urging the gripping element to securely wedge itself between its corresponding adjacent face 116 and its corresponding adjacent interior post wall.
Of course, other tightening mechanisms are also within the scope of the present invention, such as providing a plate (not shown) that rests, e.g., on the surfaces 152 (FIG. 2) of the gripping elements 118, wherein threaded bolts or screws may be tightened into, e.g., the base member 112 (via the railing opening discussed above) thereby forcing the plate toward the base member and consequently forcing the gripping elements 118 to secure the post 126 to the base member.
While various embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be apparent that further modifications and adaptations of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art. It is to be expressly understood that such modifications and adaptations are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

## Claims

1. A post mounting apparatus, comprising:
a base member for attaching an end of a post thereto, wherein the end has an opening into a hollow interior of the post having interior walls; 
wherein said base member includes: (a1) a support member for inserting into the opening, said support member having one or more sloping sides that slope relative to the interior walls of the post, and (a2) a substantially vertical wall offset from said support member so as to accept the end of the post between said support member and said vertical wall; 
one or more gripping elements, each gripping element having a wedge with a narrower end and a wider end such that said wedge is positioned between a corresponding one of the sloping sides and a corresponding one of the post interior walls; 
a tightening mechanism for securing each wedge (W) of the one or more wedges between the corresponding sloping side, and the corresponding interior wall for the wedge W; 
wherein said tightening mechanism includes a moveable portion that is moveable between: (b1) an initial position wherein at least one of the wedges is not secured to at least one of the corresponding sloping side and the corresponding one of the interior post walls for the at least one wedge, and (b2) a second position wherein said at least one wedge is secured to both of the corresponding sloping side and the corresponding interior post walls.

2. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, further comprising a shim component for placing between said base member and a support for supporting said base member, said shim component having a slot for receiving a projection projecting outwardly from the support, wherein said shim is rotatable about said projection for changing a vertical orientation of at least one of: said base member, and the post attached to said base member.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein said shim component has a first thickness and a different second thickness between a first surface of said shim component facing said base member, and a second surface of said shim component facing said support wherein a change in a position of the first and second thicknesses between said base member and said support changes a vertical orientation of at least one of: said base member, and the post attached to said base member.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, further including a shim component for placing between said base member and a support for supporting said base member, said shim component having a first surface facing toward said base member such that said first surface has a perimeter that: (i) substantially encloses said vertical wall, and (ii) is substantially between said base member the support.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said tightening mechanism includes a threaded bolt that threads through one of said gripping elements.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said tightening mechanism includes a shaft and a lever, wherein said shaft contacts one of said gripping elements for moving its wedge (WG) between a position wherein the wedge WG is not secured to at least one of the corresponding sloping side and the corresponding interior post walls adjacent the WG, and a position wherein said wedge WG is secured to both of the corresponding sloping side and the corresponding interior post walls adjacent to WG.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said at least one of said sloping sides slope toward both the opening of the post and the interior walls of the post.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, further including a retaining member for exerting a retaining force on said gripping elements so that said gripping elements are provided in a first orientation when inserting said gripping elements into the interior of said post, and wherein said retaining force is overcome by said tightening mechanism for securing the wedges, of said gripping elements, between a corresponding one of the sloping sides, and a corresponding one of the interior walls of the post.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of said gripping elements includes a bore therethrough for receiving a bolt or a shaft, said bolt or shaft operably attached to said at least one gripping element for moving its wedge (WG) between (1)a position wherein the wedge WG is not secured to at least one of: the corresponding sloping side and the corresponding interior post walls adjacent the wedge WG, and (2) a position wherein said wedge WG is secured to both of the corresponding sloping side and the corresponding interior post walls adjacent to WG.

10. A method for positioning a post, comprising:
providing a base member having: (a1) a support member for inserting into an opening of a post having a hollow interior, said support member having one or more sloping sides that slope relative to the interior walls of the post when said support member is placed in said post interior, and (a2) a substantially vertical wall offset from said support member so as to accept, between said support member and said vertical wall, an end of the post having said opening; 
providing one or more gripping elements each said gripping element, having a wedge with a narrower end and a wider end such that said wedge is positioned between a corresponding one of the sloping sides and a corresponding one of the post interior walls; 
providing a tightening mechanism for securing each wedge (W) of the one or more wedges between the corresponding sloping side, and the corresponding interior wall for the wedge W; 
wherein said tightening mechanism includes a moveable portion that is moveable between: (b1) an initial position wherein at least one of the wedges is not secured to at least one of the corresponding sloping side and the corresponding interior post walls for the at least one wedge, and (b2) a second position wherein said at least one wedge is secured to both of the corresponding sloping side and the corresponding interior post walls.

11. A method for positioning a post, comprising:
positioning one or more gripping elements in a predetermined orientation relative to a base member; wherein: 
(1) said base member includes: (a1) a support member for inserting into an opening of a post having a hollow interior, said support member having one or more sloping sides that slope relative to the interior walls of the post when said support member is placed in said post interior, and (a2) a substantially vertical wall offset from said support member so as to accept, in said offset between said support member and said vertical wall, an end of the post having an opening; 
(2) each of said gripping elements includes a wedge with a narrower end and a wider end such that said predetermined position positions said wedge between a corresponding one of the sloping sides and a corresponding one of the post interior walls; 

connecting a securing mechanism to at least one of said gripping elements for moving the at least one gripping element between its position in the predetermined orientation and a gripping position wherein its wedge (W) securely contacts the corresponding sloping side, and the corresponding interior wall for the wedge W; 
wherein said securing mechanism includes a moveable portion that is moveable between: (b1) an initial position wherein the wedge W is not secured to the corresponding sloping side and the corresponding interior post wall for the wedge W, and (b2) a second position wherein the wedge W is secured to both of the corresponding sloping side and the corresponding interior post wall for W; 
inserting said support member and said gripping elements into said post interior such that said opening enters said offset; and 
moving a portion of said securing mechanism in a predetermined way so that said at least one gripping element moves to the gripping position.

12. The method of claim 11, further including placing a shim between said base member and a support for supporting said base member, said shim component having a slot for receiving a rod projecting outwardly from the support, wherein said shim is rotatable about said rod for changing a vertical orientation of at least one of: said base member, and the post attached to said base member.

13. The method of claim 11, further including:
providing a shim component having a first thickness and a different second thickness between a first surface of said shim component facing said base member, and a second surface of said shim component facing a support for said base member; and 
changing a position of the first and second thicknesses between said base member and said support for changing a vertical orientation of at least one of: said base member, and the post attached to said base member; 
wherein said first surface facing has a perimeter that: (i) substantially encloses said offset, and (ii) is substantially between said base member the support.