# Patent

## Title
Web-based systems and methods for internet communication of substantially real-time parking data

## Abstract

A parking system includes an internet-accessible Web server storing substantially real-time parking data associated with occupancy of a plurality of parking spaces. The parking data can be rendered by a display device running a browser application. The Web server transmits the parking data in response to a request sent from the browser application. The Web server communicates with at least one of a detector and a parking terminal configured to collect and transmit parking data.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/065,359, filed on Oct. 8, 2002, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,750,786 on Jun. 15. 2004, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/671,363, filed on Sep. 28, 2000, which issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,501,391 on Dec. 31, 2002 and claims priority to U.S. provisional application 60/156,391 filed on Sep. 28, 1999. These applications are entirely incorporated by reference.


BACKGROUND OF INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to systems and methods for communication over the Internet. More particularly, the present invention relates to Web-based systems and methods for Internet communication of substantially real-time parking data.
Locating a vacant parking space is an ordeal that causes frustration for many commuters. Even if a commuter pays to enter a parking lot, valuable time is consumed searching for a parking space within the parking lot. It seems that parking lots that service hospitals, airports, mass transit stations, entertainment forums, shopping malls and the like are always the most crowded, when time is the most crucial. As urban and suburban regions become more populated, finding a vacant parking space will become increasingly difficult for commuters.
Several prior art devices have attempted to facilitate locating a parking space. In particular, U.S. Pat. No. 5,293,163 to Kakihara et al. ('163 patent) discloses a system for locating garages with available parking spaces. According to the '163 patent, the location of a parking garage having available parking is displayed in map format.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,432,508 to Jackson ('508 patent) discloses a technique for informing vehicle operators of available parking spaces in a parking garage. According to the '508 patent, light sources mounted above the parking spaces and at the entrance to the parking garage are used to indicate the location of available spaces. The '508 patent also discloses a computer which collects information concerning parking availability and communicates the information to prospective users. Namely, a person can place a telephone call and receive a voice message indicating whether the parking lot is full.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,910,782 to Schmitt et al. ('782 patent) discloses a system for finding available on-street parking using an on-board vehicle navigation system and parking meters equipped with sensing devices. According to the '782 patent, real time metered parking space information can be accessed from a central location or directly by a vehicle, upon entering a specific geographic area.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,940,481 to Zeitman ('481 patent) discloses a parking management control system used to report parking, monitor parking and reserve parking spaces. According to the '481 patent, a user reports parking in a particular parking facility to a central control unit using a personal non-dedicated mobile communications device. The central control unit then confirms whether parking in the particular parking facility is authorized or not. The central control unit also generates a report indicating which parking facilities are supposed to be vacant for law enforcement officials so that unauthorized parking can be ticketed. The '481 patent also discloses that a user can reserve a desired parking facility by selecting a desired parking facility from a map provided from the central control unit. If a potential user, other than the registered user, communicates a request to park in the reserved parking facility, the control unit transmits a response to the potential user indicating that the parking facility is reserved and not authorized for use.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION
A parking system includes an Internet-accessible Web server storing substantially real-time parking data associated with occupancy of a plurality of parking spaces. The parking data can be rendered by a display device running a browser application. The Web server transmits the parking data in response to a request sent from the browser application. The Web server communicates with at least one of a detector and a parking terminal configured to collect and transmit parking data.
Aspects of the present invention may be implemented by an apparatus and/or by a computer program stored on a computer readable medium. The computer readable medium may comprise a disk, a client device, a network device, a host device, and/or a propagated signal.
Other features and advantages will be apparent from the following description, including the drawings, and from the claims.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a communication network.
FIG. 2 is an expansion of the block diagram of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a communications method.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a communications method.
FIG. 5 is a graphical user interface.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
FIG. 1 illustrates a communication network 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The communication network includes a controller 11 for commanding a server 12 to transmit parking lot occupancy data corresponding to one or more parking lots 13, 14 through the Internet 15. For simplicity, only the basic components of the communication network 10 are shown. However, as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, the communication network may include various other components and structures in actual implementation. For instance, although a first parking lot 13 and a second parking lot 14 are shown, the communication network may include only one parking lot or numerous parking lots.
The server 12 may be any type computer, computer system, server, settop box or other type of Internet-accessible device and may include any type of hardware, software, application and/or program capable of functioning as described herein. The server 12 may be located at the site of one or more of the parking lots 13, 14 and/or may be located at a remote location.
As indicated by the broken lines, the controller 11 may be either internal or external to the server 12. An example a controller 11 is a software application loaded on the server 12 for commanding and directing communications enabled by the server 12. Other examples include a program, a piece of code, an instruction, a device, a computer, a computer system, and/or a combination thereof, for independently or collectively instructing the server 12 to interact and operate as described herein. The controller 11 may be embodied permanently or temporarily in any type of machine, component, and/or equipment. The controller 11 transmits commands to the server 12 through a first connection 17, which may be any communication path capable of carrying commands between the controller 11 and the server 12.
As shown in FIG. 1, the server 12 is connected to the first parking lot 13 through a second connection 18. The second connection may be a serial, modem, telephone, cable, satellite, LAN (Local Area Network) including one or more other computers (not shown) or any other connection capable of carrying data between the first parking lot 13 and the server 12. The server 12 also is connected to the second parking lot 14 through the Internet 15 through a third connection 19 and a fourth connection 20. The third connection 19 and the fourth connection 20 may be any type of modem, cable, satellite or other type of connection capable of carrying data through the Internet 15 between the second parking lot 14 and the server 12. Each of the third connection 19 and fourth connection 20 may also include one or more intermediary computer systems or servers (not shown), such as an ISP (Internet Service Provider).
The first parking lot 13 and the second parking lot 14 may be any parking lot that services a hospital, airport, mass transit station, entertainment forum, shopping mall, department store, grocery store or the like. Each of the first parking lot 13 and the second parking lot 14 are equipped with detectors (not shown) for detecting the status information for each of the parking lots 13,14. The detectors may be any type of device (e.g., position detectors, motion detectors, weight detectors, video cameras, etc.) capable of ascertaining whether a parking space is occupied or not. The detected status information includes at least the location of vacant parking spaces within the parking lots 13, 14. The status information, however, may include the occupancy status of every parking space within the parking lots 13, 14 or any other information concerning the status of the parking lots 13,14. The first parking lot and second parking lot are also equipped with communication devices (not shown) for communicating the status information to the server 12. The communications devices may be any type of internal or external device such as a computer, server, application, and/or program capable of conveying the status information to the server 12. For example, the communication devices may be the detectors of the parking lots 13, 14 or may be a terminal at the parking lots 13, 14 for collecting and communicating status information.
Referring again to FIG. 1, the server 12 is connected to a remote display device 16 through the Internet 15 through the third connection 19 and a fifth connection 21. The fifth connection 21 may be any type of modem, cable, satellite or other type of connection capable of carrying data through the Internet 15 between the server 12 and the remote display device 16.
The remote display device 16 may be any type computer, computer system, server, settop box or other type of Internet-accessible device and may include any type of hardware, software, application or program capable of executing the functions described herein. The display device 16 may include applications that enable textual or graphical display of information, such as an email application or an Internet browser application. The remote display device 16 may be a wired or wireless device structured and arranged to access the Internet from home, office, vehicle, and/or any other location. For example, the remote display device 16 may be personal computer (PC) and/or a portable device, such as a vehicle-mounted device or a hand-held device (e.g., PDA and/or mobile telephone having Internet access). The remote display device 16 may communicate with the server 12 through the Internet 15 and through wired or wireless communication pathways 19, 21.
FIG. 2 illustrates a communication network 100 including a display device 16 communicating with a server 12 through the Internet 15. The server 12 may include one or more server controllers 11 for controlling the server 12. Communication pathway 19 and communication pathway 21 enable wired or wireless communication between the server 12 and the display device 16 through the Internet 15.
The display device 16 may include one or more device controllers 160 for controlling the display device 16. An example of device controller 160 is a software application loaded on the display device 16 for commanding and directing communications enabled by the display device 16. Other examples include a program, a piece of code, an instruction, a device, a computer, a computer system, or a combination thereof, for independently or collectively instructing the display device 16 to interact and operate as described herein. The device controller 160 may be embodied permanently or temporarily in any type of machine, component, equipment, storage medium, or propagated signal capable of providing instructions to the client device 16.
In one implementation, the display device 16 is a PC and/or a portable device, such as a vehicle-mounted device or a hand-held device (e.g., PDA and/or mobile telephone). The display device 16 includes a general purpose computer 161 having an internal or external storage 162 for storing data and programs such as an operating system 163 (e.g., DOS, WindowsTM, Windows 95TM, Windows 98 TM, Windows 2000TM, Windows NTTM, OS/2, or Linux) and one or more application programs. Examples of application programs include authoring applications 164 (e.g., word processing, database programs, spreadsheet programs, or graphics programs) capable of generating documents or other electronic content; client applications 165 capable of communicating with other computer users, accessing various computer resources, and viewing, creating, or otherwise manipulating electronic content; and browser applications 166 (e.g., Netscape's Navigator or Microsoft's Internet Explorer) capable of rendering standard Internet content.
The general-purpose computer 161 also includes a central processing unit (CPU) 167 for executing instructions in response to commands from the device controller 160. In one implementation, the device controller 160 includes one or more of the application programs installed on the internal or external storage 162 of the general-purpose computer 161. In another implementation, the device controller 160 includes application programs externally stored in and performed by one or more device(s) external to the general-purpose computer 160.
The general-purpose computer typically will include a communication device 168 for sending and receiving data. One example of the communication device 168 is a modem. Other examples include a transceiver, a set-top box, a communication card, a satellite dish, an antenna, or another network adapter capable of transmitting and receiving data over wired or wireless data pathway 21. The general-purpose computer 161 also may include a TV (“television”) tuner 169 for receiving television programming in the form of broadcast, satellite, and/or cable TV signals. As a result, the display device 16 can selectively and/or simultaneously display Internet content received by communications device 168 and television programming content received by the TV tuner 169.
The general-purpose computer 161 may include an input/output interface 170 for wired or wireless connection to various peripheral devices. Examples of peripheral devices include, but are not limited to, a mouse 171, a mobile phone 172, a personal digital assistant 173 (PDA), a keyboard 174, an on-board vehicle or PC display monitor 175 with or without a touch screen input, and/or a TV remote control 176 for receiving information from and rendering information to subscribers.
Although FIG. 2 illustrates devices such as a mobile telephone 172, a PDA 173, and a TV remote control 176 as being peripheral with respect to the general-purpose computer 161, in another implementation, such devices may include the functionality of the general-purpose computer 161 and operate as the display device 16. For example, the mobile phone 172 or the PDA 173 may include computing and networking capabilities and function as a display device 16 by accessing the Internet 15 and communicating with the server 12. Furthermore, the display device 16 may include one, some or all of the components and devices described above.
The operation of one implementation of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 3.
In response to commands from the controller 11, the server 12 retrieves status information from one or more of the parking lots 13, 14 (S10). This may entail the controller 11 commanding the server 12 to poll or query the occupancy status of the parking lots 13, 14 or commanding the server 12 to accept status information periodically sent from the parking lots 13, 14.
After the server 12 has retrieved the status information, the controller 11 instructs the server 12 to perform data processing in order convert the status information into parking lot occupancy data capable of being reproduced by a remote display device 16 (S20). Such data processing may or may not be required depending on the form of the retrieved status information.
The controller 11 then commands the server 12 to transmit the parking lot occupancy data over the Internet 15 (S30). The parking lot occupancy data corresponds to one or more of the parking lots 13, 14 and is capable of being reproduced by a remote display device 16 as a real-time representation of the parking lot 13, 14 indicating vacant parking spaces within the parking lots 13, 14. The real-time representation may be in the form of a textual listing, a graphical map, a video image, an Internet Web page or similar form and may indicate occupied parking spaces as well as reserved parking spaces.
Using a remote display device, a commuter can view the real-time representation of the parking lot and can readily locate an available parking space or decide to search for parking elsewhere.
The operation of another embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to FIG. 4. In this embodiment of the present invention, the controller 11 commands the server 12 to accept subscriptions from a plurality of subscribers (S100). The controller 11 commands the server 12 to provide Internet accessibility to parking lot occupancy data corresponding to at least one parking lot for the plurality subscribers (S200). Subscribers may access the real-time representation through the Internet by visiting a Web site or transmitting an email request, for example. The server 12 may provide access for a fee. Accordingly, the controller 11 may command the server 12 to appropriately charge and bill subscribers (S300).
Again, the parking lot occupancy data capable is capable of being reproduced by each of the remote display devices as a real-time representation of the parking lot indicating at least vacant parking spaces within the parking lot. The real-time representation may be in the form of a textual listing, a graphical map, a video image, an Internet Web page or a combination of such forms and may indicate occupied parking spaces as well as reserved parking spaces. FIG. 5 is one of a graphical user interface that may be displayed to a commuter.
As described above, the present invention will facilitate a commuter's search for a parking space by utilizing the capabilities of the Internet to display a real-time representation of available parking spaces within a parking lot.
It should be understood that the embodiments described above are only examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the following claims.

## Claims

1. A parking system comprising:
an Internet-accessible Web server storing substantially real-time parking data associated with occupancy of a plurality of parking spaces, said parking data capable of being tendered by a display device running a browser application, said Web server transmitting said parking data in response to a request sent from said browser application, 
wherein said Web server communicates with at least one of a detector and a parking terminal configured to collect and transmit parking data.

2. The parking system of claim 1, wherein said Web server stores billing information.

3. The parking system of claim 1, wherein said Web server stores charging information.

4. The parking system of claim 1, wherein said parking data comprises vacant parking spaces.

5. The parking system of claim 1, wherein said parking date comprises reserved parking spaces.

6. The parking system of claim 1, wherein said parking data corresponds to a plurality of parking lots.

7. The parking system of claim 1, wherein said parking data is rendered on a map.

8. The parking system of claim 1, wherein said parking data is accessed by visiting a Web site and said parking data is rendered in a Web page.

9. The parking system of claim 1, wherein said display device comprises a wireless communications device and said request sent over at least one wireless connection.

10. The parking system of claim 9, wherein
said request is received at an intermediary server, 
said intermediary server retrieves said parking data from said Web server, and 
said intermediary server transmits said parking data to said wireless communications device.

11. The parking system of claim 9, wherein said wireless communications device comprises at least one of a mobile telephone, a personal digital assistant, and a vehicle-mounted device.

12. The parking system of claim 11, wherein said wireless communications device receives a satellite signal over a wireless satellite connection.

13. The parking system of claim 12, wherein said satellite signal comprises broadcast programming.

14. The parking system of claim 1, wherein
said Web server communicates with one or more parking terminals, 
each of said one or more parking terminals is associated with a plurality of parking spaces, and 
each of said one or more parking terminals is configured to transmit substantially real-time parking data corresponding to said plurality of parking spaces.

15. The parking system of claim 14, wherein said one or more parking terminals transmits substantially real-time parking data over at least one wireless connection.

16. The parking system of claim 14, wherein said one or more parking terminals transmits substantially real-time parking data over a local area network connection.

17. The parking system of claim 14, wherein said parking data comprises parking occupancy data for said plurality of parking spaces.

18. The parking system of claim 14, wherein said parking data comprises charging and billing information.

19. The parking system of claim 1, wherein
said Web server communicates with a plurality of detectors at a parking lot, 
said plurality of detectors collects substantially real-time parking occupancy data for a plurality of paring spaces at said parking lot, and 
each of said plurality of detectors includes a wireless communications device for transmitting said substantially real-time parking occupancy data to said Web server.

20. A parking system comprising:
plurality of parking terminals, each of said plurality of parking terminals being associated with a plurality of parking spaces, said plurality of parking terminals being configured to transmit substantially real-time parking data associated with said plurality of parking spaces to an Internet-accessible Web server, said Web server configured to transmit said parking data to a display device running a browser application in response to a request sent from said browser application.

21. The parking system of claim 20, wherein said parking data is rendered by said display device on a map.

22. The parking system of claim 20, wherein said parking data is accessed by vising a Web site and said parking data is rendered in a Web page.

23. The parking system of claim 20, wherein said display device comprises a wireless communications device and said request is sent over at least one wireless connection.

24. The parking system of claim 23, wherein
said request is received at an intermediary server, 
said intermediary server retrieves said parking data from said Web server, and 
said intermediary server transmits said parking data to said wireless communications device.

25. The parking system of claim 23, wherein said wireless communication device comprises at least one of a mobile telephone, a personal digital assistant, and a vehicle-mounted device.

26. The parking system of claim 20, wherein said plurality of parking terminals transmits substantially real-time parking data over at least one wireless connection.

27. The paring system of claim 20, wherein said plurality of parking terminals transmits substantially real-time parking data over a local area network connection.

28. The parking system of claim 20, wherein said parking data comprises parking occupancy data for said plurality of parking spaces.

29. The parking system of claim 20, wherein said parking data comprises charging and billing information.

30. A method comprising:
transmitting a request from a browser application running on a display device to an Internet-accessible Web server, said Web server storing substantially real-time parking data associated with occupancy of a plurality of parking spaces; 
accessing said Web server 
receiving said substantially real-time parking data from said Web server; and 
rendering said parking data on said display device with said browser application, 
wherein said Web server communicates with at least one of a detector and a parking terminal configured to collect and transmit parking data.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein accessing said Web server comprises visiting a Web site and said parking data is rendered in a Web page.

32. The method of claim 30, wherein said parking data corresponds to a plurality of parking lots.

33. The method of claim 30, wherein said parking data comprises parking occupancy data for said plurality of parking spaces.

34. The method of claim 30, wherein said parking data comprises charging and billing information.

35. The method of claim 30, wherein
transmitting said request is performed in response to a communication from a commuter and said parking data comprises reserved parking spaces.

36. A parking system comprising:
a plurality of detectors configured to collect substantially real-time parking occupancy data corresponding to a plurality of parking spaces at a parking lot, each of said plurality of detectors including a communications device for transmitting said substantially real-time parking occupancy data to an Internet-accessible Web server, said Web server configured to transmit said substantially real-time parking occupancy data to a display device running a browser application in response to a request sent from said browser application.

37. The parking system of claim 36, wherein said plurality of detectors transmits said substantially real-time parking occupancy data over at least one wireless connection.

38. The parking system of claim 36, wherein said plurality of detectors transmits said substantially real-time parking occupancy data over a local area network connection.

39. The parking system of claim 36, wherein said display device comprises a wireless communications device and said request is sent over at least one wireless connection.

40. The parking system of claim 36, wherein said communications device receives a satellite signal over a wireless satellite connection.

41. A method comprising:
establishing an Internet connection having at least one wireless pathway; and 
receiving substantially real-time parking data through the at least one wireless pathway, said substantially real-time parking data associated with occupancy of one or more parking spaces.

42. The method of claim 41, wherein said substantially real-time parking data comprises one or more of parking space occupancy information, reserved parking information, charging information, and billing information.

43. A method comprising:
establishing an Internet connection having at least one wireless pathway; and 
transmitting substantially real-time parking data through the at least one wireless pathway, said substantially-real time parking data associated with occupancy of one or more parking spaces.

44. The method of claim 43, wherein said parking data comprises one or more of parking space occupancy information, reserved parking information, charging information, and billing information.

45. A parking system comprising:
a wireless communications device capable of receiving substantially real-time parking data from an Internet-accessible Web server through at least one wireless pathway, wherein 
said Web server stores substantially real-time parking data associated with a plurality of parking spaces, and 
said Web server communicates with at least one of a detector and a parking terminal configured to collect and transmit parking data.

46. The parking system of claim 45, wherein
said wireless communications device transmits a request to an intermediary server, 
said intermediary server retrieves said parking data from said Web server, and 
said intermediary server transmits said parking data to said wireless communications device.

47. The parking system of claim 45, wherein said wireless communications device comprises at least one of a mobile telephone, a personal digital assistant, and a vehicle-mounted device.

48. A parking system comprising:
a wireless communications device capable of transmitting substantially real-time parking data to an Internet-accessible Web server through at least one wireless pathway, wherein 
said Web server stores substantially real-time parking data associated with a plurality of parking spaces, and 
said wireless communications device comprises at least one of a detector and a parking terminal configured to collect and transmit parking data.