U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

Washington, D.C. 20460 

OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION 

PC Code: 128879 

DP Barcode: 407680 

Date: May 20, 2013 

MEMORANDUM 

Subject: 

To: 

From: 

Tier II Drinking Water Assessment to Establish Tolerances ofTriflumizole on 

Greenhouse Vegetables (Cucumber and Tomato), Pome Fruit Subgroup 11-10, 

Small Fruit Vine Climbing Subgroup 13-07F and Low Growing Berry Subgroup 

13-07G (excluding Cranberry) 

Michael Metzger, Branch Chief 

Risk Assessment Branch 7 

Health Effects Division (7509P) 

Steven Snyderman, Chemical Review Manager 

Avivah Jakob, Team Leader 

Michael Goodis, Branch Chief 

Risk Management and Implementation Branch III 

Pesticide Re-Evaluation Division (7508P) 

Christopher M. Koper, M.S., Chemist 

Sujatha Sankula, Ph.D., Lead Biologist 

Ed Odenkirchen, Ph.D., Branch Chief 

Environmental Risk Branch I 

Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P) 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 

The Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) conducted a Tier II drinking water 

assessment for a petition submitted by Chemtura Corporation to establish tolerances of 

triflumizole for Greenhouse Vegetables (Cucumber and Tomato), Pome Fruit Subgroup 11-10, 

Small Fruit Vine Climbing Subgroup 13-07F and the Low Growing Berry Subgroup 13-07G 

(excluding cranberry). 

1 
Triflumizole is an imidazole fungicide that is effective in inhibiting ergosterol biosynthesis in 

fungi. Many fungi must synthesize ergosterol which is a compound needed for the stabilization 

of membranes that make up cell walls. This assessment was based on information contained in 

Terraguard® SC (EPA Reg. No. 400-521) and Procure® 480 SC (EPA Reg. No. 400-518) 

fungicide labels. The estimated drinking water concentrations (EDWCs) are based on the 

maximum proposed application rates and management practices specified in the product labels. 

The EDWCs for the human health risk assessment are presented in Table 1. 

For surface water, the EDWCs for the scenarios modeled in this assessment did not exceed the 

previous EDWCs for use on ornamentals and cherries reported in the previous comprehensive 

drinking water assessment (parent D393186; sub D395021) to support registration review dated 

09 January 2012. However, new percent cropped area (PCA) guidance (US EPA, 2012) has 

been developed and the EDWCs were revised to reflect this change in guidance. The revised 

recommended acute concentration of97.65 p.g/L, annual mean (chronic) concentration of22.11 

p.g/L and the 30 year annual average concentration of 15.88 p.g/L are greater than the generated 

EDWCs in this assessment (Table 5). Therefore, the current EDWCs for surface water do not 

supersede the revised drinking water concentrations for ornamentals and cherries. 

For groundwater, SCI-GROW and PRZM-GW simulations were executed. Based on the 

proposed highest annual use rates for pome fruit, the SCI-GROW model estimated a triflumizole 

concentration of2.07 J.lg/L (Table 1). This value was lower than 3.11 J.lg/L reported in the 

comprehensive drinking water assessment dated 09 January 2012. In addition, PRZM-GW 

concentration estimates were less than SCI-GROW(< 1 J.lg/L). The current EDWCs do not 

supersede the previously recommended EDWC for groundwater. 

In conclusion, the current EDWCs for the proposed uses for surface water and groundwater do 

not supersede the revised EDWCs for surface water and previously estimated EDWCs for 

groundwater for triflumizole. If additional refinements are necessary, please contact Chris Koper 

at 703.347.8065 or koper.christopher@epa.gov 

Table 1. Maximum Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations (EDWCs)1 for Surface Water and 

Ground Water 

Maximum 1-in-10 1-in-10 30- year 

Drinking Water Model Method Application Rate year year average 

Source Scenario (interval between acute chronic (p.g/L) 

applications) (p.g/L) (p.g/L) 

PRZMIEXAMS 4 app x 0.50 lb a.i./acre Surface Water NC Apple (pome fruit) Aerial 52.36 14.84 10.00 

(September 20 -foliar) (7 days) 

Ground Water SCI-GROW (pome fruit) --- 4 app x 0.50 lb a.i./acre 2.07 2.07 2.07 

PRZM-GW (pome fruit) --- 4 app x 0.50 lb a.i./acre 0.13 0.12· Wisconsin Com --

2 
Table 1. Maximum Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations (EDWCs)1 for Surface Water and 

Ground Water 

Maximum 1-in-10 1-in-10 30- year 

Drinking Water Model Method Application Rate year year average 

Source Scenario (interval between acute chronic (p.tg/L) 

applications) (p.tg/L) (p.tg/L) 

1

1 For surface water (PRZMIEXAMS), EDWC values adjusted with a Percent Cropped Area (PCA) factor of 0.91. 

For ground water (SCI-GROW and PRZM-GW), no PCA adjustment was utilized. 

* PRZM-GW value represents the post-breakthrough average (Table 6) 

Environmental Fate and Transport Characterization 

The major pathways oftriflumizole degradation appear to be hydrolysis under acidic and 

alkaline conditions (t112 of 8.9 days at pH 5.0; t112 of3.9 days at pH 9.0), photolysis (t112 of2-3 

days), anaerobic aquatic metabolism (t112 of7.7 days in a total water-sediment system), and to 

lesser extent aerobic soil metabolism (t112 of 18 days). Triflumizole is not likely to be persistent 

under most environmental conditions. It is unlikely to be very mobile (Koc range 1286 to 4114) 

except for soils in a sand textural class (Koc = 289) with low organic material. Based on the 

laboratory and field study findings it has potential to reach groundwater under vulnerable soil 

conditions (sandy soils), and it will reach surface water in both the dissolved form, and sorbed 

onto soils, and organic material. Detailed description of fate and transport properties of 

triflumizole can be obtained from the comprehensive drinking water assessment (parent 

D393186; sub D395021) to support registration review dated 09 January 2012. 

Total Residues 

During the HED MARC meeting (D280869), the MARC committee has not excluded the 

possible toxicological concern for the metabolites containing the 4-chloro-2-trifluoromethyl 

aniline moiety. The half-lives for anaerobic aquatic metabolism, aerobic soil metabolism, 

hydrolysis and photolysis were calculated collectively for the parent and degradates of concern. 

The estimated drinking water concentrations represent the degradates containing the 4-chloro-2-

trifluoromethyl aniline moiety namely, FD-1-1, FM-6-1, FA-1-1, FM-5-1, FM-3-1, FD-2-1, and 

FM-8-1 along with the parent compound. 

The half-lives derived for aquatic photolysis, soil photolysis, aerobic soil metabolism, and 

anaerobic aquatic metabolism for total residues (parent and its degradates) correspond to 12.7 

days, 8 days, 44 days, and 142 days (in a total water-sediment system), respectively. These data 

suggest that triflumizole and triflumizole degradates are moderately persistent in the 

environment. The total residue levels during hydrolysis at all pH conditions are very stable 

(half-life of several months to years). However, in the environment the microbial degradation 

pathways might have a greater influence than the abiotic pathways and therefore, the total 

residues appear moderately stable in the environment. 

The registrant submitted a mobility study for one of triflumizole degradates, FD-1-1. The 

degradate Koc values suggest that it is more mobile than the parent compound. The Freundlich 

3 
Ko and Koc values for FD-1-1 range from 0.178-13.8 and 33.6-961.2, respectively. As an input 

parameter in PRZMIEXAM modeling an average Koc value for parent and the degradate (FD-1-

1) was used. The lowest Koc value of all available Koc (parent and FD-1-1) was used in SCIGROW modeling. A recently submitted anaerobic aquatic metabolism study suggests that F A-ll may dissipate though volatilization. In this study, organic volatiles as extracted from the PUF 

plugs were mainly made up ofFA-1-1; i.e. S0.6% ofthe applied at study termination (36S days 

after application). 

In this drinking water assessment, aquatic EECs were calculated for a total residues (triflumizole 

and its degradates ). Detailed information on how the individual modeling input parameters were 

derived can be obtained from the "Tier I Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations for 

Triflumizole Including Degradates" memo (S. Ramasamy, March 3, 2002) (D2813S6). 

Drinking Water Exposure Modeling 

Estimated drinking water concentrations (EDWCs) were generated using EFED's standard suite 

of models using the currently registered maximum use rates for the commodities listed on the 

labels. 

A. Surface Water Assessment 

A Tier II drinking water assessment was performed using PRZM 3.12/EXAMS 2.98.04 coupled 

within the PES shell with index reservoir (IR) scenarios. The percent cropped area (PCA) 

adjustment factor of 0.91 was utilized. Table 2 lists the input parameters used for the 

PRZMIEXAMS (PES) modeling. 

4 
Table 2. PRZMIEXAMS Input Parameters for Triflumizole 

Input Parameter: Value: Comment: Source: 

Scenario(s): Greenhouse Vegetables (Cucumber and Tomato): representative scenarios for EFED Scenarios 

FL Cucumber each use 

CA, FL, PA Tomato 

Pome Fruit SubgrouQ I I-I 0: 

NC, OR, PAApple 

Small Fruit Vine Climbing SubgrouQ 13-07F: 

CA, NY Grape 

Low Growing Bem SubgrouQ 13-07G: 

FL Strawberry 

CA Strawberry (RLF scenario) 

Maximum Single Greenhouse Vegetables (Cucumber and Tomato): recommended rates Procure® and 

Application Rate 0.125 (0. 140) Terraguard® Formulation 

lbs a.i./acre (kg a.i./ha) labels 

Pome Fruit SubgrouQ I 1-10: 

0.50 (0.562) 

Small Fruit Vine Climbing SubgrouQ 13-07F: 

0.25 (0.281) 

Low Growing Bem SubgrouQ 13-07G: 

0.25 (0.281) 

Applications per Year Greenhouse Vegetables (Cucumber and Tomato): 10 label directions. Label specifies Procure® and 

rates per season. If there are Terraguard® Formulation 

Pome Fruit Subgroup I 1-10: 4 multiple growing seasons per labels 

\ year, yearly rates may be 

Small Fruit Vine Climbing Subgroup 13-07F: 4 higher. 

Low Growing Berry Subgroup 13-07G: 4 

Application Interval (days) Greenhouse Vegetables (Cucumber and Tomato): 7 label directions Procure® and 

Pome Fruit Subgroup I 1-10: 7 

Terraguard® Formulation 

labels 

\ 

Small Fruit Vine Climbing Subgroup 13-07F: 14 

Low Growing Berry Subgroup 13-07G: I 4 

5 
Table 2. PRZMIEXAMS Input Parameters for Triflumizole 

Input Parameter: Value: Comment: Source: 

Date oflnitial Application Greenhouse Vegetables (Cucumber and Tomato): For all crops, the date of initial Crop Scenarios and 

(scenario: day-month) FL Cucumber: 07-10 application was calculated from proposed labels 

CA Tomato: 29-06 the harvest date, interval 

FL Tomato: 12-03 between applications and the 

PA Tomato: 12-08 Pre-Harvest Interval (PHI). 

Pome Fruit Subgrou12 11-10: 

NC Apple: 20-09 

OR Apple: 26-09 

P A Apple: 10-09 

Small Fruit Vine Climbing Subgrou12 13-07F: 

CA Grape: 13-07 

NY Grape: 27-08 

Low Growing Bern: Subgrou12 13-07G: 

FL Strawberry: 03-01 

CA Strawberry RLF: 19-05 

Application Method Greenhouse Vegetables (Cucumber and Tomato): label directions Procure® and 

Foliar- aerial Terraguard® Formulation 

labels 

Pome Fruit Subgrou12 11-10: 

Foliar- aerial 

Airb last (orchard) 

Small Fruit Vine Climbing Subgrou12 13-07F: 

Foliar- ground 

Low Growing Bern: Subgrou12 13-07G: 

Foliar- aerial and ground 

CAM Input 2 (foliar) linear foliar based on crop US EPA, 2005 

canopy 

IPSCND Input Greenhouse Vegetables (Cucumber and Tomato): 3 remaining pesticide on foliage US EPA, 2005 

is (3) is retained as surface 

Pome Fruit Subgroup 11-10: 3 residue and continues to decay. 

\ 

Small Fruit Vine Climbing Subgroup 13-07F: 3 

Low Growing Berry Subgroup 13-07G: 3 

Spray Drift Fraction 0.16 (aerial) -- Input parameter guidance 

0.064 (ground) (USEP A, 2009) 

0.063 (airblast) 

Application Efficiency 0.95 (aerial) -- Input parameter guidance 

0.99 (ground) (USEP A, 2009) 

0.99 (airblast) 

Molecular Mass (g/mol) 345.75 -- Product Chemistry 

Vapor Pressure at 25°C 1.43 X 10-6 -- MRID 40494402 (torr) 

Henry's Law Constant 5.2 X 10-8 -- Calculated from water 

(atm-m3

/mol) solubility, vapor pressure 

and molecular weight 

6 
Table 2. PRZMIEXAMS Input Parameters for Tritlumizole 

Input Parameter: Value: Comment: Source: 

Solubility in Water (mg/L) 12.5 pH5.9 MRID 40494401 

Organic Carbon Partition 1229 2 Average Koc value for parent MRID 4082460 1 and 

Coefficient (Koc) (Likgoc) and its degradate FD-1-1 40824602. 

Aerobic Soil Metabolism 44.2 3 represents the 90th percentile MRID 00149861 

Half-life (days) confidence bound on the mean 

half-life of 5 values 

Aerobic Aquatic 88.4 assumed twice the aerobic soil Input parameter guidance 

Metabolism Half-life (days) metabolism value because the (USEP A, 2009) 

compound is stable to 

hydrolysis and no aerobic 

aquatic metabolism data are 

available 

Anaerobic Aquatic 426 (142 X 3) since only one half-life was MRID 47136403 

Metabolism Half-life (days) available the input value was Input parameter guidance 

assumed to be three times the (USEP A, 2009) 

single half-life value derived 

from the parent and degradates 

(FA-1-1, FD-1-1 and M-1) 

Hydrolysis Half-lives (days) 2767 4 Average value for parent and MRID 40494404 

its degradates 

Aqueous Photolysis 12.7 parameter calculated for parent MRID 40494405 

Half-life (days) and degradates 

NA =Not Applicable 1 = Maximum application rates do not round to a round application number. When modeling, the remainder of the application rate is added as the last 

application number. However, this is not a full application. 2 = The average Koc obtained from a total often values; five values (2812, 289, 4114, 1286, 1993) for the parent and five values (247, 33.6, 961, 122, 

435) of its degradate FD-1-1. 3 = Following the Total Toxic Residue (TTR) approach, this value represents the 90th percentile confidence bound on the mean half-life of 5 values 

(44.3, 39.1, 17.3, 49, and 26.3) from the parent and degradates. 4 = The average value obtained from four combined half-lives available for the parent and degradates (5443, 2436, 680, 2520 days) 

B. Ground Water Assessment 

No ground water monitoring data were available for triflumizole. Therefore, the SCI-GROW 

and PRZM-GW models were used to estimate ground water concentrations. 

Screening Concentration in Ground Water (SCI-GROW v2.3, Jul. 29, 2003) is a regression 

model used as a screening tool to estimate pesticide concentrations found in ground water used 

as drinking water. PRZM-GW is a one-dimensional, finite-difference model that estimates the 

concentrations of pesticides in groundwater. Descriptions of all executable versions of current 

models used in drinking water exposure can be obtained from URL link 

(http://www.epa.gov/oppefedl/models/waterO. Table 3 and Table 4 lists the modeling input 

parameters for SCI-GROW and PRZM-GW, respectively. 

7 
Table 3. SCI-GROW Input Parameters for Triflumizole 

Input Parameter Value Comment Source 

Maximum Single Application 0.50 (pome fruit) maximum single application rate Procure® 480 SC 

Rate per growing season (lbs Formulation label a. i./A) 

Applications per Year 4 (pome fruit) label directions Procure® 480 SC 

Formulation label 

Organic Carbon Partition 33.6 1 lowest Koc value of the parent and its degradate FD-1- MRID 4082460 I 

Coefficient (Koc) (L/kg0 c) 1 because there was greater than a three-fold variation 

among ten values 

Aerobic Soil Metabolism 39.1 2 median half life because there is more than 4 values as MRID 00149861 

Half-life (days) directed by SCI-GROW guidance (US EPA, 2009) 

1 = Individual Koc values for the parent (2812, 289, 4114, 1286, 1993) and degradate FD-1-1 (247, 33.6, 961, 122, 435). 2 = Following the Total Toxic Residue (TTR) approach, the median was calculated from the following five values (44.3, 39.1, 17.3, 49, 

26.3). 

Table 4. PRZM-GW (vl.O Input Parameter Values for Triflumizole 

Parameters Value Data Source Comments 

Application Method above canopy Procure® 480 SC label --- (aerial) 

Application Rate 0.50 [0.562] Procure® 480 SC label --- (lbs. a.i./acre) [kg/ha] 

Application Number 4 Procure® 480 SC label ---

Application Interval (days) 7 Procure® 480 SC label 

20-09 The date of initial application was calculated 

Application Dates 27-09 Crop Scenarios and from the harvest date, interval between 

(day-month) 04-10 proposed label info applications and the Pre-Harvest Interval 

11-10 (PHI). 

Hydrolysis Half-Life (days) 5443 MRID 40494404 Maximum half-life of parent and degradates 

at pH7 (5443, 2436, 680, 2520 days) 1 

Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half- represents the 901

h percentile confidence 

life (days) 44.2 MRID 00149861 bound on the mean half-life of 5 values 

(44.3, 39.1, 17.3, 49, and 26.3 days) 

Average Koc value for parent (2812, 289, 

Koc (mL/&,c) 1229 MRID 40824601 4114; 1286, 1993) and its degradate FD-1-1 

MRID 40824602 (247, 33.6, 961, 122, 435) days. 

1 Hydrolysis values are well beyond the duration of the study; however, these values were estimated for the PRZM-GW 

assessment. 

Modeling Results 

The PRZMIEXAMS and SCI-GROW modeling results representing surface water and ground 

water estimated drinking water concentrations (EDWCs) are listed in Table 5. In addition, 

PRZM-GW groundwater modeling results are listed in Table 6. Within PRZM-GW, the Florida 

potato, Georgia peanut, North Carolina cotton and Wisconsin com scenarios required the use of an 

8 
extended weather file, which allows the user to run the simulation for up to 100 years in order to observe 

breakthrough. If dietary risks require refinement, higher-tiered, crop-specific and location-specific 

models and modeling scenarios can be used. Representative modeling output files are attached in 

Appendix I. 

Maximum Tier II drinking water estimates were based on triflumizole use on pome fruit at the 

maximum application rate. For surface water, the aerial application to pome fruit (NC Apple) 

yielded the highest peak (acute), chronic and cancer-chronic EDWC values. The 1-in-10 yr 

(acute), the 1-in-10 yr annual mean (chronic) and the 30-year annual mean (cancer chronic) 

concentrations were 52.36 p.g/L, 14.84 p.g/L and 10.00 p.g/L, respectively. 

For groundwater, SCI-GROW and PRZM-GW models were utilized. Based on the proposed 

highest annual use rate for pome fruit, the SCI-GROW model estimated the triflumizole 

concentration at 2.07 fJ.g/L. This concentration can be considered as both the acute and chronic 

EDWC values. In addition, PRZM-GW concentration estimates were less than SCI-GROW(< 1 

J.lg/L). 

Table 5. Triftumizole Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations (EDWCs)1 for Surface Water and 

Ground Water based on selected Crop Scenarios 

PRZMIEXAMS Maximum 1-in-10 1-in-10 30- year 

Proposed Label Use Scenario1 Method2 Application Rate year year average 

(interval between acute chronic (fJ.g/L) (first app date) applications) (f.l.g/L) (f.l.g/L) 

Surface Water 

Terraguard® SC Formulation 

Greenhouse Vegetables FL Cucumber A I 0 app@ O.I25 lb a.i./acre 24.36 4.9I 3.08 (Cucumber and Tomato i (October 07- foliar) (7 days) 

CA Tomato A I 0 app@ 0.125 lb a.i./acre I4.08 7.03 5.3I (June 29- foliar) (7 days) 

FL Tomato A 10 app @ O.I25 lb a.i./acre 31.72 5.78 3.66 ! (March 12 -foliar) (7 days) 

PA Tomato A 10 app@ O.I25 lb a.i./acre 19.10 8.4I 6.12 . (August 12-foliar) (7 days) 

Procure® 480 SC Formulations 

Pome Fruit Subgroup 11- NCApple A 4 app@ 0.50 lb a. i./acre 52.36 14.84 10.00 10 (Sept. 20- foliar) (7 days) 

NCApple AB 4 app @ 0.50 lb a.i./acre 49.62 13.36 8.37 I (Sept. 20- foliar) (7 days) 

OR Apple A 4 app @ 0.50 lb a.i./acre 24.08 Il.05 9.24 I (Sept. 26- foliar) (7 days) 

OR Apple AB 4 app @ 0.50 lb a.i./acre 20.22 8.96 7.11 (Sept. 26- foliar) (7 days) 

PA Apple A 4 app@ 0.50 lb a.i./acre 30.69 I4.52 9.02 (Sept. 10- foliar) (7 days) 

PA Apple AB 4 app @ 0.50 lb a.i./acre 25.45 12.60 6.94 1 (Sept. 10- foliar) (7 days) 

Small Fruit Vine CA Grape G 4 app @ 0.25 lb a.i./acre 4.62 2.I2 1.56 Climbing Subgroup 13- (July I3 -foliar) (14 days) 

9 
Table 5. Tritlumizole Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations (EDWCs)1 for Surface Water and 

Ground Water based on selected Crop Scenarios 

Maximum 1-in-10 1-in-10 30- year PRZM/EXAMS Application Rate year year average Proposed Label Use Scenario1 Method2 

(interval between acute chronic (Jlg/L) (first app date) applications) (Jlg/L) (Jlg/L) 

07F NY Grape G 4 app @ 0.25 lb a.i./acre 14.85 7.32 4.53 (August 27- foliar) (14 days) 

Low Growing Berry FL Strawberry A 4 app@ 0.25 lb a.i./acre 19.10 4.16 2.96 Subgroup 13-07G (January 03 -foliar) (14 days) 

FL Strawberry G 4 app @ 0.25 lb a.i./acre 18.28 3.82 2.58 (January 03 -foliar) (14 days) 

CA Strawberry A 4 app@ 0.25 lb a.i./acre 27.39 9.23 6.81 (May 19 -foliar) (14 days) 

CA Strawberry 

I (May 19 - foliar) G 4 app@ 0.25 lb a.i./acre 

-(14 days) 27.88 8.56 6.07 

Ground Water 

SCI-GROW Pome Fruit -- 4 app @ 0.50 lb a.i./acre 2.07 2.07 2.07 

11 For surface water (PRZMIEXAMS), EDWC values adjusted with a Percent Cropped Area (PCA) factor of0.91. 

For ground water (SCI-GROW), no PCA adjustment was utilized. Bold numbers denote maximum EDWC values. 2 A = aerial application, G = ground application, AB = airblast 3 These EDWC values are outdoor exposure estimates. Exposure to drinking water would be from secondary sources (i.e 

disposal ofwastewater from greenhouse). 

Table 6. PRZM-GW Estimated Drinking Water Concentrations in Groundwater Resulting from 

the Use ofTritlumizole 

Highest Post Average 

Application Rate and Scenario1 Simulation Daily Breakthrough Simulation 

Frequency Duration Value Average (~IL) Breakthrough 

(years) (~giL) Time (days) 

Florida Citrus 30 7.6 x w-l 7.5 x w-l 10281 

4 app. X 0.50 lbs a.i./acre Florida Potato 100 7.6 x w-· 5.4 x w-· 26053 

Georgia Peanut 100 7.8 x w-j 1.1 x w-j 20939 

North Carolina Cotton 100 2.5x1o-L 2.1 x w-L 11134 

Delmarva Sweet Com 30 5.7 X 10-L 5.2 X 10-L 10349 

Wisconsin Com 100 u x w-l 1.2 X 10" 20664 1 These scenarios are regional vulnerable sites for groundwater evaluation. 

Monitoring Data 

Comprehensive monitoring data for triflumizole in surface water and ground water were not 

available. Currently, there are no chemical-specific federal or state drinking/ground water 

standards for triflumizole. 

10 
Uncertainties 

The aerobic soil metabolism half-life input parameter was calculated for the parent and 

degradates. The submitted laboratory studies, however, suggest that one of degradates is 

potentially volatile. Volatilization may be the major route of dissipation for this 

degradate. 

These EDWCs generated for greenhouse (indoor) vegetables are outdoor exposure 

estimates. There is uncertainty in these estimates as exposure to drinking water would be 

from secondary sources (i.e disposal of greenhouse wastewater). 

References 

USEPA. 2002. Ramasamy, S. Tier I Drinking Water Concentrations for Triflumizole including 

Degradates (D2813 56) 

USEPA. 2005. PRZM-3, A Model for Predicting Pesticide and Nitrogen Fate in the Crop Root 

and Unsaturated Soil Zones: Users Manual for Release 3.12.2 May 2005. 

USEP A. 2009. Guidance for Selecting Input Parameters in Modeling the Environmental Fate 

and Transport of Pesticides, Version 2.1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office 

of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs, 

Environmental Fate and Effects Division, October 22, 2009. 

USEPA. 2010. Water Models. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Pesticides: Science and 

Policy. Online at: http://www.epa.gov/oppefedllmodels/water/ 

USEPA. 2012. Guidance on Development and Use of Percent Cropped Area and Percent Turf 

Area Adjustment Factors in Drinking Water Exposure Assessments: 2012 Update; U.S. 

Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, 

Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division, March 16, 2012. 

APPENDIX 1: Representative Outputs 

11 
PRZMIEXAMS: NC Apple- Aerial Application to represent Pome Fruit stored as NCAppleA.dvv.out 

CherT'11c::::al: Trlt'lurr.lz:ole 

IPRZI\I'I •nvlronrT'1Rnt: NCappi•STD.txt rT10dlt'led Tuaday .. 29 tvtay 2007 at 1.3:.58:1.5 

EXAI\I'IS envlronrT'1•nt: lr29B.exv rT'10dlt'led Tu•day .. 2115 A.ua:ust: 200.S. at 05:1.4.:07 

"""'•t1"11e: w038:1..2..dvt' ~odlt'led Tueday .. 2CS A.uaust 2008 •t 05:1.4.:09 

Wat•r ••arr.ent c::::onc::::entra"tlons (ppb) 

vear P••k 96 hr 21. Day 60 D•v 90 Day V•erly 

Sorted r•sul'ts 

Prob. 

:1..965 21..7'9 20.94 1.9 • .5:1.. 1.5.39 1.3.22 3.48 

:1..966 36.69 3.5.3 33.:1..9 27.83 23 . .5:1.. 9.C588 

:1..967 :1..9.4:1.. 1.8.BS :1..7.:1..8 1..5.88 1.4.98 1.0.2.5 

:1..96& 39.87 38.34 33.26 :ZS.&4 2:1...89 :1..0.2.5 

:1..969 22.0:1.. 2:1...:25 1.9.78 :1..7.67 1.15.72 1.0.1A 

:1..970 34.75 33-BII 29.82 23.82 20.4 :1..0.53 

:1..97:1.. 45.:1..8 43.9:1.. 4:1...:1..9 32.G& 2.7.69 1.3.07 

1~7:2. 34.32 33.09 30.~1 27.42 2.4.99 13.67 

::1..973 21.22 20.61 ::1..8 .. 9.5 1.5.42 :1.4.61 1.0.34 

1974 :LB....... ::1..7.95 16.25 :L3.CSB 13.3 9 .. 2&.5 

1.97.5 47.74 4.5 .. 94 39.58 3.5-~ 32 • .52 1.2..&3 

::1..976 33.86 32.7 29.78 24.01. 22.07 1.4.33 

::1..977 7.5.65 72.86 63.03 .5:1..-82 40.73 1.115.67 

::1..978 34.33 33-7 3:1...7 27.92 2.5.65 16.99 

1979 ..54.69 .52 .. 71 47'.24 39.22 32.07 1.15.1.2 

::t.9ao 27 . .55 27-02 :2.5.1. 21-91 20.:1..5 1.3.as 

:1..981. 14.07 1.3 .. 53 :1..2.33 :1..1..:1.5 :1..0.32 7.347 

1982 21-28 20.5 18-4!5 :1..5.915 :1.5.43 8.044 

:1..983 23.7'7' 22.92 2:1...59 18.76 17-24 8.8:1.4 

:1..984 :1..9-47 :1..8.77 :1..7.1.5 ::LS.72 1A.38 8.805 

:1..985 1.4..2.:1.. 1.3.82 1.3.09 :1..1.-97 :1..1..6:1.. 7.497 

:1..986 30.:1.. 28.9t5 2.5.:1..7 22.:1..2 :1..9.43 8 . .54 

1987 2:1..-67 20.99 :1..9.:1..3 1.5-87 :1..4.44 9.473 

19BII 20.83 20.1.2 :1..8" . .59 1.5. 76 1.4.84 8.865 

1989 29-94 28.89 27.46 2..5.38 23.9 :1..0 . .51. 

1.990 64.19 61.-9 .58.:1..2 46.47 38.74 1.6-~ 

0.04 

0.07 

0.1.1. 

0-:1..5 

0.1.9 

0-22 

0.26 

0.30 

0.33 

0.37 

0.4:1.. 

0.-

0.48 

0 . .52 

0-.56 

0 • ..59 

0.153 

0.57 

0.70 

0.74 

0.78 

0.8:1.. 

o.as 

0.89 

0.93 

0-~0 

Peak 96 hr 

7.5-~ 72.815 

64.:1..9 81.90 

..54.1159 52. 7:1.. 

47.74 ....S-94 

4.5.:1..8 43.91. 

39.87 38-34 

36.69 35.30 

34.75 33.BS 

34.33 33.70 

34.32 33.09 

33.86 32.70 

30.1.0 28.96 

29.94 28.89 

27.5115 27.02 

23.77 22.92 

22-0:1.. 21..25 

2:1... 7'9 20.99 

2:1...67 20.94 

2:1..28 20.6:1.. 

21..2.2 2.0.50 

2.0.83 2.0.:1..2 

:1..9.47 ::LB-8.5 

:1..9.4:1.. :LB. 77 

:1..8_...... 1.7.96 

14.2:1.. 1.3.82 

1A.07 1.3.1153 

21. Day 60 Day 

63.03 .51.-82 40.73 :1..6.99 

.58.:1..2 415.47 38.74 1.8.67 

47.24 39.22 32.52 1.6.:1.5 

4:1..-:1..9 3.5. 79 32.07 1.6.:1..2 

39 • .58 32.68 27.159 1.4.33 

33.215 27.92 2..5.65 1.3.8.5 

33.:1..9 27.83 :24.99 1.3.157 

3:1...70 27.42 23-90 1.3.07 

29.78 

!~:=~ 1 ~::: :24.01. 

27.46 23.152 

:ZS.:L7 22.:1..2 

23.51 :1..2.83 

22.07 10.153 

21..89 1.0.51 

20.40 1.0.34 

20.1.6 1.0. 2.5 

:Z.S.:l.O 21. 91. :1..9.43 1.0. 2.5 

2:1.. • .59 18. 76 1.7.24 1.0.1.4 

:1..9.78 17.67 1.15.72 9.159 

:1..9 • .5:1.. 1CS. 96 1..5.43 9.47 

:1..9.:1..3 :1...5.88 :1.4.98 9.29 

:1..8.95 1.5.87 1.4.84 8.87 

18.59 1..5. 76 1A.61 8.81 

18.45 :1...5- 72 :1.4.44 8.8:1.. 

:1..7.:1..8 1.5.42 1.4.38 8.54 

:1..7.15 1.5.39 1.3.30 8.04 

:1..6.2.5 13.cs& :1..3.22 7.50 

13.09 1.:1...97 1.1.51 7.35 

12.33 :1..1.:1..115 10.32 3.4& 

0.:1..0 

Red "V'alues utilize .. PCA "f'oct;or o# 0.91. 

50 • .50 4:1...40 34-39 1.6.3:1.. :1.4.84 

Average ot'y 1.0.99 :1..0.00 

lnput5a:enerated by po5.pl- NoverT'1eber 2006 

D•t• used t'orthls run: 

Output Fll•: NCAppi•Adw 

"""'ett'lle: 

PRZI\I'I scenariO: 

EXAI\I'IS envlron~ent t'lle: 

Che~lc::::ol NarT'1e: 

D•sc::::rlptlon 

Pol'lolecular welgh't 

Henry•• '--""" Const. 

Vapor Pressure 

solubility 

Kd 

Koc 

Photolysis halt'-llt'e 

Aerobic Aqu•tlc:::: """etebolls~ 

Ana•roblc:::: A.qu•tlc 1\fl•tabolls.~ 

A•roblc Soli """•t•bolla~ 

Hydrolysis: 

tvtethod: 

lncorporetlon Depth: 

Application Rate: 

Application Efficiency: 

sprey Drift 

Application Date 

Interval :I. 

app. rate :I. 

lntervel 2 

epp. rate 2 

Interval 3 

app. ra'te 3 

Record :1..7: 

Record 1.8: 

Flea 1"or Index Res. Run 

Flag 1"or runoff calc. 

W038:L2.dvt' 

NCappleSTO.tx"t: 

lr298.exv 

Trlt'lu~lzole 

Variable Non Value Unl"t:s Corr.rT'1ents 

~W't: 34.5-7.5 w~ol 

h•nrv 5 .. 2.0E-oa at~-,.,,..3/~ol 

v•pr 

sol 

Kd 

Koc 

kdp 

kbacvv 

kbacs. 

........ 

pH7 

CAlVI 

DE PI 

TAIPIP 

APIPEFF 

DRFT 

Date 

lnte.--al 

•pprate 

Interval 

•pprate 

Interval 

appra-c:e 

FILTR.A. 

IIPSCND 

UIPTKF 

PLVKRT 

IPLDKRT 

FEXT"RC 

IR 

RUNC>FF 

:L.43E-06 torr 

1.2 . .5 rng/L 

ms/L 

::1..229 rns/L 

::1..::2..7 days. 

88.4 d•ys 

425 days 

....... 2 day• 

::2.767 d•ys 

::2. Integer 

em 

0.5152 k.&/ha 

0.95 t'ract:lon 

H•lt'-Uf'e 

H•lt'lt'e 

Halt'lt'• 

H•l1"1t'• 

Ha11"-111"e 

See PRZ""' ~anual 

0.15 t'ract:lon ot' application rate appll•d to pond 

20-09 dd/rnrn or dd/m~m or dd-,.,rn or dd-rnrnrT'1 

7 days set to 0 or delete line 'for single epp. 

0.5152 ka/ha 

7 days. 

0.5152 ka/ha 

7 days 

0.5152. kg/ha 

" 

none. rT'1onthly ortotal(av•r•a• o1" entire run) 

12 
SCI-GROW: Pome Fruit 

SCI GROW 

VERSION 2.3 

ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EFFECTS DIVISION 

OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS 

U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

SCREENING MODEL 

FOR AQUATIC PESTICIDE EXPOSURE 

SciGrow version 2.3 

chemical:Triflumizole 

time is 5/11/2013 17: 6: 1 

Application Number of 

rate (lb/acre) applications 

Total Use 

(lb/acre/yr) 

Koc 

(ml/g) 

0.500 4.0 2.000 3.36E+01 

groundwater screening cond (ppb) = 2.07 ug/L 

Soil Aerobic 

metabolism (days) 

39.1 

************************************************************************ 

13 
PRZM-GW: Representative Input Parameters 

~ l'laM <.w (V•·r·.iou 1 01) 1·- I - 1!8_1 

Fie Scenario utilities Help 

Pesticide Scen.erio: Gener.el Scen.erio: Horizon Configuration Summary Output 

I T riflumizole 

Hydrolysis Half Life (days) 

Enter 0 for no degradation 

Pesticide 

~ Application 

Number of Applications 

[D 

® D.etes .ere Absolute 

0 Dates: are Relative 

Application Refinemenb:: 

Applications occur every 

[2J year(s) 

Applications occur 

fromyear D 

toyear ~ 

Surface Soil Half Life (day") 

Enter 0 for no degr.ed.etion Sorption Coefficient rml/g) 

~ 

Day Month 

9 

09 

10 

10 

11229 I~ ~~c 

Application 

Mass 

(kg/hAl 

0.562 

0.562 

0.562 

0.562 

Applic.etion 

Method 

1 ... ground 

2 ,.. above c.enopy 

~ 

1/0 Fami!l' Fne Name: Not yet defined. 

1/0 Working Directory: Not yet defined. Use File/Seve or Retieve. 

PRZM-GW: Representative Output -Wisconsin Corn -100 year simulation 

~ PR7M c.w (V···~'"" 1 01) 1"- I - r>ZI 

F1le ScenM!o utilities 

Pesticide Scen.erio: General Scen.erio: Horizon Configuration Summary Output '----------, 

Note: Time :series output is delivered to the working directory :specified below_ 

Highest Daily Value (ppb) I 0.1 3 

Simulation Average Value (ppb) I 0.0621 

Average Breakthrough Time (days) 120664 

Throughputs 11 . 75 

~======={ Post Breakthrough Average (ppb) I 0.119 

0 .12 

1~ -~~~~~ ~~~~~ ------~--~ ~--~ 

0 .02 

Save Graph Copy Graph 

1/0 Fami!l' File Name: TriHumizole WI Corn 

1/0 Working Directory: C:\Models\PRZM·GW\Runs\Triflumizole\ 

14