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###### Department of Commerce

###### International Trade Administration

          - [A-533-904, A-542-804, A-549-844, A-489-846]

# AGENCY:

Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce.

# DATES:

Applicable January 19, 2022.

# FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

David Lindgren at (202) 482-1671 (India); Allison Hollander at (202) 482-2805 (Sri Lanka); Laurel LaCivita at (202) 482-4243 (Thailand); Tara Moran at (202) 482-3619 (Turkey); AD/CVD Operations, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230.

# SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

## Petitions

                    On December 30, 2021, the Department of Commerce (Commerce) received antidumping duty (AD) petitions concerning imports of certain steel nails (steel nails) from India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and the Republic of Turkey (Turkey) filed in proper form on behalf of Mid Continent Steel & Wire, Inc. (the petitioner), a domestic producer of steel nails.[1]                                          The Petitions were accompanied by countervailing duty (CVD) petitions concerning imports of steel nails from India, the Sultanate of Oman, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey.[2] 

                    Between January 4 and 13, 2022, Commerce requested supplemental information pertaining to certain aspects of the Petitions in separate supplemental questionnaires and phone calls.[3]                                          The petitioner filed responses to                           ( print page 3966)                        the supplemental questionnaires on January 10 and 14, 2022.[4] 

In accordance with section 732(b) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act), the petitioner alleges that imports of steel nails from India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey are being, or are likely to be, sold in the United States at less than fair value (LTFV) within the meaning of section 731 of the Act, and that imports of such products are materially injuring, or threatening material injury to, the steel nail industry in the United States. Consistent with section 732(b)(1) of the Act, the Petitions are accompanied by information reasonably available to the petitioner supporting its allegations.

                    Commerce finds that the petitioner filed the Petitions on behalf of the domestic industry, because the petitioner is an interested party, as defined in section 771(9)(C) of the Act. Commerce also finds that the petitioner demonstrated sufficient industry support for the initiation of the requested LTFV investigations.[5] 

## Periods of Investigation

Because the Petitions were filed on December 30, 2021, the period of investigation (POI) for these LTFV investigations is October 1, 2020, through September 30, 2021, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.204(b)(1).

## Scope of the Investigations

                    The products covered by these investigations are steel nails from India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey. For a full description of the scope of these investigations,                     *see*                     the appendix to this notice.                

## Comments on the Scope of the Investigations

                    On January 4, 7, and 13, 2022, Commerce requested further information from the petitioner regarding the proposed scope, to ensure that the scope language in the Petitions is an accurate reflection of the products for which the domestic industry is seeking relief.[6]                                          On January 10 and 14, 2022, the petitioner revised the scope.[7]                                          The description of the merchandise covered by these investigations, as described in the appendix to this notice, reflects these clarifications.                

                    As discussed in the                     *Preamble*                     to Commerce's regulations, we are setting aside a period for interested parties to raise issues regarding product coverage (                    *i.e.,*                     scope).[8]                                          Commerce will consider all comments received from interested parties and, if necessary, will consult with interested parties prior to the issuance of the preliminary determinations. If scope comments include factual information,[9]                                          all such factual information should be limited to public information. To facilitate preparation of its questionnaires, Commerce requests that all interested parties submit such comments by 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time (ET) on February 8, 2022, which is 20 calendar days from the signature date of this notice. Any rebuttal comments, which may include factual information, must be filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on February 18, 2022, which is ten calendar days from the initial comment deadline.                

Commerce requests that any factual information that parties consider relevant to the scope of these investigations be submitted during this period. However, if a party subsequently finds that additional factual information pertaining to the scope of these investigations may be relevant, the party may contact Commerce and request permission to submit the additional information. All such submissions must be filed on the records of each of the concurrent AD and CVD investigations.

## Filing Requirements

                    All submissions to Commerce must be filed electronically via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping Duty and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS), unless an exception applies.[10]                                          An electronically filed document must be received successfully in its entirety by the time and date on which it is due.                

## Comments on Product Characteristics

Commerce is providing interested parties an opportunity to comment on the appropriate physical characteristics of steel nails to be reported in response to Commerce's AD questionnaires. This information will be used to identify the key physical characteristics of the subject merchandise in order to report the relevant costs of production accurately, as well as to develop appropriate product-comparison criteria.

Interested parties may provide any information or comments that they feel are relevant to the development of an accurate list of physical characteristics. Specifically, they may provide comments as to which characteristics are appropriate to use as: (1) General product characteristics; and (2) product comparison criteria. We note that it is not always appropriate to use all product characteristics as product comparison criteria. We base product comparison criteria on meaningful commercial differences among products. In other words, although there may be some physical product characteristics utilized by manufacturers to describe steel nails, it may be that only a select few product characteristics take into account commercially meaningful physical characteristics. In addition, interested parties may comment on the order in which the physical characteristics should be used in matching products. Generally, Commerce attempts to list the most important physical characteristics first and the least important characteristics last.

                    In order to consider the suggestions of interested parties in developing and issuing the AD questionnaires, all product characteristics comments must be filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on February 8, 2022, which is 20 calendar days from the signature date of this notice. Any rebuttal comments must be filed by 5:00 p.m. ET on February 18, 2021, which is 10 calendar days from the initial comment deadline. All comments and submissions to Commerce must be filed electronically using ACCESS, as explained above, on the record of each of the LTFV investigations.                          ( print page 3967)    

## Determination of Industry Support for the Petitions

Section 732(b)(1) of the Act requires that a petition be filed on behalf of the domestic industry. Section 732(c)(4)(A) of the Act provides that a petition meets this requirement if the domestic producers or workers who support the petition account for: (i) At least 25 percent of the total production of the domestic like product; and (ii) more than 50 percent of the production of the domestic like product produced by that portion of the industry expressing support for, or opposition to, the petition. Moreover, section 732(c)(4)(D) of the Act provides that, if the petition does not establish support of domestic producers or workers accounting for more than 50 percent of the total production of the domestic like product, Commerce shall: (i) Poll the industry or rely on other information in order to determine if there is support for the petition, as required by subparagraph (A); or (ii) determine industry support using a statistically valid sampling method to poll the “industry.”

                    Section 771(4)(A) of the Act defines the “industry” as the producers as a whole of a domestic like product. Thus, to determine whether a petition has the requisite industry support, the statute directs Commerce to look to producers and workers who produce the domestic like product. The International Trade Commission (ITC), which is responsible for determining whether “the domestic industry” has been injured, must also determine what constitutes a domestic like product in order to define the industry. While both Commerce and the ITC must apply the same statutory definition regarding the domestic like product,[11]                                          they do so for different purposes and pursuant to a separate and distinct authority. In addition, Commerce's determination is subject to limitations of time and information. Although this may result in different definitions of the like product, such differences do not render the decision of either agency contrary to law.[12] 

                    Section 771(10) of the Act defines the domestic like product as “a product which is like, or in the absence of like, most similar in characteristics and uses with, the article subject to an investigation under this title.” Thus, the reference point from which the domestic like product analysis begins is “the article subject to an investigation” (                    *i.e.,*                     the class or kind of merchandise to be investigated, which normally will be the scope as defined in the petition).                

                    With regard to the domestic like product, the petitioner does not offer a definition of the domestic like product distinct from the scope of the investigations.[13]                                          Based on our analysis of the information submitted on the record, we have determined that steel nails, as defined in the scope, constitute a single domestic like product, and we have analyzed industry support in terms of that domestic like product.[14] 

                    In determining whether the petitioner has standing under section 732(c)(4)(A) of the Act, we considered the industry support data contained in the Petitions with reference to the domestic like product as defined in the “Scope of the Investigations,” in the appendix to this notice. To establish industry support, the petitioner provided the 2020 production of the domestic like product for the U.S. producers that support the Petitions.[15]                                          The petitioner estimated the production of the domestic like product for the remaining U.S. producers of steel nails based on its knowledge of the industry and production capabilities and market shares of U.S. producers.[16]                                          The petitioner then compared the total production of the supporters of the Petitions to the estimated total production of the domestic like product for the entire domestic industry.[17]                                          We relied on data provided by the petitioner for purposes of measuring industry support.[18] 

                    Our review of the data provided in the Petitions, the General Issues Supplement, and other information readily available to Commerce indicates that the petitioner has established industry support for the Petitions.[19]                                          First, the Petitions established support from domestic producers (or workers) accounting for more than 50 percent of the total production of the domestic like product and, as such, Commerce is not required to take further action in order to evaluate industry support (                    *e.g.,*                     polling).[20]                                          Second, the domestic producers (or workers) have met the statutory criteria for industry support under section 732(c)(4)(A)(i) of the Act because the domestic producers (or workers) who support the Petitions account for at least 25 percent of the total production of the domestic like product.[21]                                          Finally, the domestic producers (or workers) have met the statutory criteria for industry support under section 732(c)(4)(A)(ii) of the Act because the domestic producers (or workers) who support the Petitions account for more than 50 percent of the production of the domestic like product produced by that portion of the industry expressing support for, or opposition to, the Petitions.[22]                                          Accordingly, Commerce determines that the Petitions were filed on behalf of the domestic industry within the meaning of section 732(b)(1) of the Act.[23] 

## Allegations and Evidence of Material Injury and Causation

                    The petitioner alleges that the U.S. industry producing the domestic like product is being materially injured, or is threatened with material injury, by reason of the imports of the subject merchandise sold at LTFV. In addition, the petitioner alleges that subject imports exceed the negligibility threshold provided for under section 771(24)(A) of the Act.[24] 

                    The petitioner contends that the industry's injured condition is illustrated by a significant and increasing volume of subject imports; reduced market share; decline in U.S. shipments and production and low level capacity utilization; underselling and price depression and/or suppression; adverse impact on employment variables; lost sales and revenues; and declining profitability.[25]                                          We assessed the allegations and supporting evidence regarding material injury, threat of material injury, causation, as well as negligibility, and we have determined that these allegations are properly                           ( print page 3968)                        supported by adequate evidence, and meet the statutory requirements for initiation.[26] 

## Allegations of Sales at LTFV

The following is a description of the allegations of sales at LTFV upon which Commerce based its decision to initiate these LTFV investigations of imports of steel nails from India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey. The sources of data for the deductions and adjustments relating to U.S. price and normal value (NV) are discussed in greater detail in the country-specific AD Initiation Checklists.

## U.S. Price

                    For India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey, the petitioner established export prices (EPs) based on the average unit value of publicly available import data. To calculate an ex-factory, net EP, the petitioner then deducted expenses associated with inland freight and brokerage and handling costs incurred within each respective country.[27] 

##                     Normal Value Based on Constructed Value                     28

                    For India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey, the petitioner stated it was unable to obtain home-market or third-country prices for steel nails to use as a basis for NV. Therefore, for each country, the petitioner calculated NV based on constructed value (CV).[29] 

                    Pursuant to section 773(e) of the Act, the petitioner calculated CV as the sum of the cost of manufacturing, selling, general, and administrative expenses, financial expenses, and profit.[30]                                          For India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey, in calculating the cost of manufacturing, the petitioner relied on its own production experience and input consumption rates as a U.S. steel nail producer, valued using publicly available information applicable to each respective subject country.[31]                                          With respect to India and Sri Lanka, in calculating selling, general, and administrative expenses, financial expenses, and profit ratios (where applicable), the petitioner relied on the 2020 financial statements of an Indian steel nails producer.[32]                                          For Thailand and Turkey, in calculating selling, general, and administrative expenses, financial expenses, and profit ratios (where applicable), the petitioner relied upon the 2020 financial statements of producer of comparable merchandise domiciled in each respective subject country.[33] 

## Fair Value Comparisons

                    Based on the data provided by the petitioner, there is reason to believe that imports of steel nails from India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey are being, or are likely to be, sold in the United States at LTFV. Based on comparisons of EP to CV in accordance with section 773 of the Act, the estimated dumping margins for steel nails concerning each of the countries covered by this initiation are as follows: (1) India—66.53 to 99.43 percent; (2) Sri Lanka—35.50 to 104.13 percent; (3) Thailand—64.44 to 65.87 percent; and (4) Turkey—28.94 to 33.03 percent.[34] 

## Initiation of LTFV Investigations

Based upon the examination of the Petitions and supplemental responses, we find that they meet the requirements of section 732 of the Act. Therefore, we are initiating these LTFV investigations to determine whether imports of steel nails from India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey are being, or are likely to be, sold in the United States at LTFV. In accordance with section 733(b)(1)(A) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.205(b)(1), unless postponed, we will make our preliminary determinations no later than 140 days after the date of this initiation.

## Respondent Selection

                    In the Petitions, the petitioner identified 11 companies in India, five companies in Sri Lanka, five companies in Thailand, and six companies in Turkey, as producers and/or exporters of steel nails.[35] 

Following standard practice in LTFV investigations involving market economy countries, in the event that Commerce determines that the number of exporters or producers in any individual case is large such that Commerce cannot individually examine each company based upon its resources, where appropriate, Commerce intends to select mandatory respondents in that case based on U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) data for U.S. imports under the appropriate Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States subheadings listed in the “Scope of the Investigations,” in the appendix.

                    On January 14, 2022, Commerce released CBP data on imports of steel nails from India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey under administrative protective order (APO) to all parties with access to information protected by APO and indicated that interested parties wishing to comment on the CBP data must do so within three business days after the publication date of the notice of initiation of these investigations.[36]                                          Commerce will not accept rebuttal comments regarding the CBP data or respondent selection.                

                    Interested parties must submit applications for disclosure under APO in accordance with 19 CFR 351.305(b). Instructions for filing such applications may be found on Commerce's website at                     *https://enforcement.trade.gov/​apo.*

Comments on CBP data and respondent selection must be filed electronically using ACCESS. An electronically filed document must be received successfully in its entirety via ACCESS by 5:00 p.m. ET on the specified deadline.

## Distribution of Copies of the AD Petitions

In accordance with section 732(b)(3)(A) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.202(f), copies of the public version of the AD Petitions have been provided to the governments of India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey via ACCESS. To the extent practicable, we will attempt to provide a copy of the public version of the AD Petitions to each exporter named in the AD Petitions, as provided under 19 CFR 351.203(c)(2).

## ITC Notification

We will notify the ITC of our initiation, as required by section 732(d) of the Act.

## Preliminary Determinations by the ITC

                    The ITC will preliminarily determine, within 45 days after the date on which the AD Petitions were filed, whether there is a reasonable indication that                           ( print page 3969)                        imports of steel nails from India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and/or Turkey are materially injuring, or threatening material injury to, a U.S. industry.[37]                                          A negative ITC determination for any country will result in the investigation being terminated with respect to that country.[38]                                          Otherwise, these LTFV investigations will proceed according to statutory and regulatory time limits.                

## Submission of Factual Information

                    Factual information is defined in 19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) as: (i) Evidence submitted in response to questionnaires; (ii) evidence submitted in support of allegations; (iii) publicly available information to value factors under 19 CFR 351.408(c) or to measure the adequacy of remuneration under 19 CFR 351.511(a)(2); (iv) evidence placed on the record by Commerce; and (v) evidence other than factual information described in (i)-(iv). Section 351.301(b) of Commerce's regulations requires any party, when submitting factual information, to specify under which subsection of 19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) the information is being submitted [39]                                          and, if the information is submitted to rebut, clarify, or correct factual information already on the record, to provide an explanation identifying the information already on the record that the factual information seeks to rebut, clarify, or correct.[40]                                          Time limits for the submission of factual information are addressed in 19 CFR 351.301, which provides specific time limits based on the type of factual information being submitted. Interested parties should review the regulations prior to submitting factual information in these investigations.                

## Particular Market Situation Allegation

Section 773(e) of the Act addresses the concept of particular market situation (PMS) for purposes of CV, stating that “if a particular market situation exists such that the cost of materials and fabrication or other processing of any kind does not accurately reflect the cost of production in the ordinary course of trade, the administering authority may use another calculation methodology under this subtitle or any other calculation methodology.” When an interested party submits a PMS allegation pursuant to section 773(e) of the Act, Commerce will respond to such a submission consistent with 19 CFR 351.301(c)(2)(v). If Commerce finds that a PMS exists under section 773(e) of the Act, then it will modify its dumping calculations appropriately.

Neither section 773(e) of the Act, nor 19 CFR 351.301(c)(2)(v), set a deadline for the submission of PMS allegations and supporting factual information. However, in order to administer section 773(e) of the Act, Commerce must receive PMS allegations and supporting factual information with enough time to consider the submission. Thus, should an interested party wish to submit a PMS allegation and supporting new factual information pursuant to section 773(e) of the Act, it must do so no later than 20 days after submission of a respondent's initial section D questionnaire response.

## Extensions of Time Limits

                    Parties may request an extension of time limits before the expiration of a time limit established under 19 CFR 351.301, or as otherwise specified by Commerce. In general, an extension request will be considered untimely if it is filed after the expiration of the time limit established under 19 CFR 351.301. For submissions that are due from multiple parties simultaneously, an extension request will be considered untimely if it is filed after 10:00 a.m. ET on the due date. Under certain circumstances, we may elect to specify a different time limit by which extension requests will be considered untimely for submissions which are due from multiple parties simultaneously. In such a case, we will inform parties in a letter or memorandum of the deadline (including a specified time) by which extension requests must be filed to be considered timely. An extension request must be made in a separate, stand-alone submission; under limited circumstances we will grant untimely filed requests for the extension of time limits. Parties should review Commerce's regulations concerning factual information prior to submitting factual information in these investigations.[41] 

## Certification Requirements

                    Any party submitting factual information in an AD or CVD proceeding must certify to the accuracy and completeness of that information.[42]                                          Parties must use the certification formats provided in 19 CFR 351.303(g).[43]                                          Commerce intends to reject factual submissions if the submitting party does not comply with the applicable certification requirements.                

## Notification to Interested Parties

                    Interested parties must submit applications for disclosure under APO in accordance with 19 CFR 351.305. Parties wishing to participate in these investigations should ensure that they meet the requirements of 19 CFR 351.103(d) (                    *e.g.,*                     by the filing a letter of appearance as discussed). Note that Commerce has temporarily modified certain of its requirements for serving documents containing business proprietary information, until further notice.[44] 

This notice is issued and published pursuant to sections 732(c)(2) and 777(i) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.203(c).

Dated: January 19, 2022.

Lisa W. Wang,

Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance.

## Appendix

## Scope of the Investigations

The merchandise covered by these investigations is certain steel nails having a nominal shaft or shank length not exceeding 12 inches. Certain steel nails include, but are not limited to, nails made from round wire and nails that are cut from flat-rolled steel or long-rolled flat steel bars. Certain steel nails may be of one piece construction or constructed of two or more pieces. Examples of nails constructed of two or more pieces include, but are not limited to, anchors comprised of an anchor body made of zinc or nylon and a steel pin or a steel nail; crimp drive anchors; split-drive anchors, and strike pin anchors. Also included in the scope are anchors of one piece construction.

Certain steel nails may be produced from any type of steel, and may have any type of surface finish, head type, shank, point type and shaft diameter. Finishes include, but are not limited to, coating in vinyl, zinc (galvanized, including but not limited to electroplating or hot dipping one or more times), phosphate, cement, and paint. Certain steel nails may have one or more surface finishes. Head styles include, but are not limited to, flat, projection, cupped, oval, brad, headless, double, countersunk, and sinker. Shank or shaft styles include, but are not limited to, smooth, barbed, screw threaded, ring shank and fluted.

                        Screw-threaded nails subject to this proceeding are driven using direct force and not by turning the nail using a tool that engages with the head. Point styles include,                               ( print page 3970)                            but are not limited to, diamond, needle, chisel and blunt or no point. Certain steel nails may be sold in bulk, or they may be collated in any manner using any material.                    

Excluded from the scope are certain steel nails packaged in combination with one or more non-subject articles, if the total number of nails of all types, in aggregate regardless of size, is less than 25. If packaged in combination with one or more non-subject articles, certain steel nails remain subject merchandise if the total number of nails of all types, in aggregate regardless of size, is equal to or greater than 25, unless otherwise excluded based on the other exclusions below.

                        Also excluded from the scope are certain steel nails with a nominal shaft or shank length of one inch or less that are a component of an unassembled article, where the total number of nails is sixty (60) or less, and the imported unassembled article falls into one of the following eight groupings: (1) Builders' joinery and carpentry of wood that are classifiable as windows, French-windows and their frames; (2) builders' joinery and carpentry of wood that are classifiable as doors and their frames and thresholds; (3) swivel seats with variable height adjustment; (4) seats that are convertible into beds (with the exception of those classifiable as garden seats or camping equipment); (5) seats of cane, osier, bamboo or similar materials; (6) other seats with wooden frames (with the exception of seats of a kind used for aircraft or motor vehicles); (7) furniture (other than seats) of wood (with the exception of (i) medical, surgical, dental or veterinary furniture; and (ii) barbers' chairs and similar chairs, having rotating as well as both reclining and elevating movements); or (8) furniture (other than seats) of materials other than wood, metal, or plastics (                        *e.g.,*                         furniture of cane, osier, bamboo or similar materials). The aforementioned imported unassembled articles are currently classified under the following Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS) subheadings: 4418.10, 4418.20, 9401.30, 9401.40, 9401.51, 9401.59, 9401.61, 9401.69, 9403.30, 9403.40, 9403.50, 9403.60, 9403.81 or 9403.89.                    

Also excluded from the scope of these investigations are nails suitable for use in powder-actuated hand tools, whether or not threaded, which are currently classified under HTSUS subheadings 7317.00.2000 and 7317.00.3000.

Also excluded from the scope of these investigations are nails suitable for use in gas-actuated hand tools. These nails have a case hardness greater than or equal to 50 on the Rockwell Hardness C scale (HRC), a carbon content greater than or equal to 0.5 percent, a round head, a secondary reduced-diameter raised head section, a centered shank, and a smooth symmetrical point.

Also excluded from the scope of these investigations are corrugated nails. A corrugated nail is made up of a small strip of corrugated steel with sharp points on one side.

Also excluded from the scope of these investigations are thumb tacks, which are currently classified under HTSUS subheading 7317.00.1000.

Also excluded from the scope are decorative or upholstery tacks.

Certain steel nails subject to these investigations are currently classified under HTSUS subheadings 7317.00.5501, 7317.00.5502, 7317.00.5503, 7317.00.5505, 7317.00.5507, 7317.00.5508, 7317.00.5511, 7317.00.5518, 7317.00.5519, 7317.00.5520, 7317.00.5530, 7317.00.5540, 7317.00.5550, 7317.00.5560, 7317.00.5570, 7317.00.5580, 7317.00.5590, 7317.00.6530, 7317.00.6560 and 7317.00.7500. Certain steel nails subject to these investigations also may be classified under HTSUS subheadings 7318.15.5060, 7318.15.5090, 7907.00.6000, 8206.00.0000 or other HTSUS subheadings. While the HTSUS subheadings are provided for convenience and customs purposes, the written description of the scope of these investigations is dispositive.

# Footnotes

1.                                                     *See*                         Petitioner's Letter, “Petition for the Imposition of Antidumping and Countervailing Duties on Imports of Certain Steel Nails from India, Oman, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey,” dated December 30, 2021 (Petitions).                    
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2.                                                     *Id.*
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3.                                                     *See*                         Commerce's Letters, “Petitions for the Imposition of Antidumping and Countervailing Duties on Imports of Certain Steel Nails from India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and the Republic of Turkey and Countervailing Duties on Imports from the Sultanate of Oman: Supplemental Questions,” dated January 4, 2022 (General Issues Questionnaire);                         *see also*                         Country-Specific Supplemental Questionnaires: India Supplemental, Sri Lanka Supplemental, Thailand Supplemental, and Turkey Supplemental, dated January 4, 2022; Memorandum, “Petitions for the Imposition of Antidumping and Countervailing Duties on Imports of Certain Steel Nails from India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and the Republic of Turkey and Countervailing Duties on Imports from the Sultanate of Oman: Phone Call with Counsel to the Petitioner,” dated January 7, 2022 (First Scope Call Memorandum); and Memorandum, “Petitions for the Imposition of Antidumping and Countervailing Duties on Imports of Certain Steel Nails from India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and the Republic of Turkey and Countervailing Duties on Imports from the Sultanate of Oman: Phone Call with Counsel to the Petitioner,” dated January 13, 2022 (Second Scope Call Memorandum).                    
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4.                                                     *See*                         Petitioner's Letter, “Response to Supplemental Questions for the Petition for the Imposition of Antidumping and Countervailing Duties on Imports of Certain Steel Nails from India, Oman, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey,” dated January 10, 2022 (General Issues Supplement);                         *see also*                         Petitioner's Country-Specific Supplemental Responses, dated January 10, 2022; and Petitioner's Letter, “Response to Scope Questions for the Petition for the Imposition of Antidumping and Countervailing Duties on Imports of Certain Steel Nails from India, Oman, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Turkey,” dated January 14, 2022 (Scope Supplement).                    
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5.                                                     *See infra,*                         section titled “Determination of Industry Support for the Petitions.”                    
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6.                                                     *See*                         General Issues Questionnaire;                         *see also*                         First Scope Call Memorandum; and Second Scope Call Memorandum.                    
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7.                                                     *See*                         General Issues Supplement at Exhibit GEN-21;                         *see also*                         Second General Issues Supplement at Exhibit GEN-24.                    
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8.                                                     *See Antidumping Duties; Countervailing Duties, Final Rule,*62 FR 27296, 27323 (May 19, 1997) (                        *Preamble*).                    
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9.                                                     *See*19 CFR 351.102(b)(21) (defining “factual information”).                    
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10.                                                     *See Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings: Electronic Filing Procedures; Administrative Protective Order Procedures,*76 FR 39263 (July 6, 2011);                         *see also Enforcement and Compliance; Change of Electronic Filing System Name,*79 FR 69046 (November 20, 2014) for details of Commerce's electronic filing requirements, effective August 5, 2011. Information on help using ACCESS can be found at                         *https://access.trade.gov/​help.aspx*                         and a handbook can be found at                         *https://access.trade.gov/​help/​Handbook_​on_​Electronic_​Filing_​Procedures.pdf.*
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11.                                                     *See*                         section 771(10) of the Act.                    
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12.                                                     *See USEC, Inc.*                         v.                         *United States,*                         132 F. Supp. 2d 1, 8 (CIT 2001) (citing                         *Algoma Steel Corp., Ltd.*                         v.                         *United States,*                         688 F. Supp. 639, 644 (CIT 1988),                         *aff'd*                         865 F.2d 240 (Fed. Cir. 1989)).                    
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13.                                                     *See*                         Petitions at Volume I at 13-15 and Exhibit GEN-3;                         *see also*                         General Issues Supplement at 7-10.                    
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14.                             For a discussion of the domestic like product analysis as applied to these cases and information regarding industry support,                         *see*                         Antidumping Duty Investigation Initiation Checklists: Certain Steel Nails from India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and the Republic of Turkey (Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists) at Attachment II, Analysis of Industry Support for the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions Covering Certain Steel Nails from India, the Sultanate of Oman, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and the Republic of Turkey (Attachment II). These checklists are dated concurrently with this notice and on file electronically via ACCESS.                    
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15.                                                     *See*                         Petitions at Volume I at 3-4 and Exhibit GEN-1.                    
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16.                                                     *See*                         Petitions at Volume I at 3-4 and Exhibit GEN-1;                         *see also*                         General Issues Supplement at 6.                    
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17.                                                     *See*                         Petitions at Volume I at 3-4 and Exhibit GEN-1.                    
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18.                                                     *See*                         Petitions at Volume I at 3-4 and Exhibit GEN-1;                         *see also*                         General Issues Supplement at 6. For further discussion,                         *see*                         Attachment II of the Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.                    
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19.                                                     *See*                         Attachment II of the Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.                    
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20.                                                     *See*                         Attachment II of the Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists;                         *see also*                         section 732(c)(4)(D) of the Act.                    
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21.                                                     *See*                         Attachment II of the Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.                    
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22.                                                     *Id.*
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23.                                                     *Id.*
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24.                                                     *See*                         Petitions at Volume I at 17-19 and Exhibit GEN-9.                    
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25.                                                     *See*                         Petitions at Volume I at 19-21, 25-40 and Exhibits GEN-1, GEN-3, GEN-8, and GEN-11 through GEN-20.                    
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26.                                                     *See*                         Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists at Attachment III, Analysis of Allegations and Evidence of Material Injury and Causation for the Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Petitions Covering Certain Steel Nails from India, the Sultanate of Oman, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and the Republic of Turkey (Attachment III).                    
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27.                                                     *See*                         Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.                    
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28.                             In accordance with section 773(b)(2) of the Act, for these investigations, Commerce will request information necessary to calculate the CV and cost of production (COP) to determine whether there are reasonable grounds to believe or suspect that sales of the foreign like product have been made at prices that represent less than the COP of the product.                    
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29.                                                     *See*                         Country-Specific AD Initiation Checklists.                    
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30.                                                     *Id.*
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31.                                                     *Id.*
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32.                                                     *Id.*
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33.                                                     *Id.*
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34.                                                     *Id.*
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35.                                                     *See*                         Petitions at Volume I at Exhibit GEN-6.                    
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36.                                                     *See*                         Memoranda, “Antidumping Duty Petition on Imports of Certain Steel Nails from India: Release of U.S. Customs and Border Protection Data”; “Antidumping Duty Petition on Imports of Certain Steel Nails from Sri Lanka: Release of U.S. Customs and Border Protection Data”; “Antidumping Duty Petition on Imports of Certain Steel Nails from Thailand: Release of U.S. Customs and Border Protection Data”; and “Antidumping Duty Petition on Imports of Certain Steel Nails from Turkey: Release of U.S. Customs and Border Protection Data,” dated January 14, 2022.                    
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37.                                                     *See*                         section 733(a) of the Act.                    
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38.                                                     *Id.*
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39.                                                     *See*19 CFR 351.301(b).                    
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40.                                                     *See*19 CFR 351.301(b)(2).                    
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41.                                                     *See*19 CFR 351.301;                         *see also Extension of Time Limits; Final Rule,*78 FR 57790 (September 20, 2013), available at                         *http://www.gpo.gov/​fdsys/​pkg/​FR-2013-09-20/​html/​2013-22853.htm*.                    
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42.                                                     *See*                         section 782(b) of the Act.                    
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43.                                                     *See Certification of Factual Information to Import Administration During Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings,*78 FR 42678 (July 17, 2013) (                        *Final Rule*). Answers to frequently asked questions regarding the                         *Final Rule*                         are available at                         *http://enforcement.trade.gov/​tlei/​notices/​factual_​info_​final_​rule_​FAQ_​07172013.pdf.*
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44.                                                     *See Temporary Rule Modifying AD/CVD Service Requirements Due to COVID-19; Extension of Effective Period,*85 FR 41363 (July 10, 2020).                    
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[FR Doc. 2022-01494 Filed 1-25-22; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P