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Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 89 / Tuesday, May 7, 1996 / Rules and Regulations

40 CFR Parts 52 and 81

[OH92-1 & OH79-3; FRL-5458-8]

Approval and Promulgation of

Implementation Plans and Designation

of Areas for Air Quality Planning

Purposes; Ohio

AGENCY: Environmental Protection

Agency (USEPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

SUMMARY: The USEPA is determining

that the Cleveland -Akron -Lorain (CAL)

ozone nonattainment area (which

includes the Counties of Ashtabula,

Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain,

Medina, Portage and Summit) has

attained the public health-based

National Ambient Air Quality Standard

(NAAQS) for ozone. This determination

is based upon three years of complete,

quality-assured, ambient air monitoring

data for the 1993 to 1995 ozone seasons

that demonstrate that the ozone NAAQS

has been attained in each of these areas.

On the basis of this determination,

USEPA is also determining that certain

reasonable-further-progress (RFP) and

attainment demonstration requirements,

along with certain other related

requirements, of Part D of Title 1 of the

Clean Air Act (CAA) are not applicable

to the Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area.

In another part of this rulemaking, the

USEPA is approving the Ohio

Environmental Protection Agency

(OEPA) request to revise the official

designation of the Cleveland -AkronLorain (CAL) area as an area that is

meeting the ozone air quality standard.

The USEPA is also approving the CAL

area maintenance plan as a revision to

Ohio's State Implementation Plan (SIP)

for ozone. The purpose of the

maintenance plan is to provide for

continued good ozone air quality levels

in the area over the next 10 years.

EFFECTIVE DATE: This final rule is

effective on May 7, 1996.

ADDRESSES: Copies of the determination

of attainment, redesignation requests,

public comments on the rulemaking,

and other materials relating to this

rulemaking are available for inspection

at the following address: (It is

recommended that you telephone

William Jones at (312) 886-6058, before

visiting the Region 5 Office.) United

States Environmental Protection

Agency, Region 5, Air and Radiation

Division, 77 West Jackson Boulevard

(AR-18J), Chicago, Illinois 60604.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION ON THIS ACTION

CONTACT: William Jones, Air Programs

Branch, Regulation Development

Section (AR-18J), United States

Environmental Protection Agency,

Region 5, Chicago, Illinois 60604, (312)

886-6058.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Determination of Attainment

I. Background

Subpart 2 of Part D of Title I of the

CAA contains various air quality

planning and state implementation plan

(SIP) submission requirements for ozone

nonattainment areas. The USEPA

believes it is reasonable to interpret

provisions regarding RFP and

attainment demonstrations, along with

certain other related provisions, so as

not to require SIP submissions if an

ozone nonattainment area subject to

those requirements is monitoring

attainment of the ozone standard (i.e.,

attainment of the NAAQS demonstrated

with three consecutive years of

complete, quality-assured, air quality

monitoring data). As described below,

USEPA has previously interpreted the

general provisions of subpart 1 of part

D of Title I (sections 171 and 172) so as

not to require the submission of SIP

revisions concerning RFP, attainment

demonstrations, or contingency

measures. As explained in a

memorandum from John S. Seitz,

Director, Office of Air Quality Planning

and Standards, entitled "Reasonable

Further Progress, Attainment

Demonstration, and Related

Requirements for Ozone Nonattainment

Areas Meeting the Ozone National

Ambient Air Quality Standard," dated

May 10, 1995, USEPA believes it is

appropriate to interpret the more

specific RFP, attainment demonstration

and related provisions of subpart 2 in

the same manner.

First, with respect to RFP, section

171(1) of the CAA states that, for

purposes of part D of Title I, RFP

means such annual incremental

reductions in emissions of the relevant

air pollutant as are required by this part

or may reasonably be required by the

Administrator for the purpose of

ensuring attainment of the applicable

NAAQS by the applicable date." Thus,

whether dealing with the general RFP

requirement of section 172(c)(2), or the

more specific RFP requirements of

subpart 2 for classified ozone

nonattainment areas (such as the 15

percent plan requirement of section

182(b)(1)), the stated purpose of RFP is

to ensure attainment by the applicable

attainment date.' If an area has in fact

1

USEPA notes that paragraph (1) of subsection

182(b) is entitled "PLAN PROVISIONS FOR

REASONABLE FURTHER PROGRESS" and that

subparagraph (B) of paragraph 182(c)(2) is entitled

"REASONABLE FURTHER PROGRESS

DEMONSTRATION," thereby making it clear that

attained the standard, the stated

purpose of the RFP requirement will

have already been fulfilled and USEPA

does not believe that the area need

submit revisions providing for the

further emission reductions described in

the RFP provisions of section 182(b)(1).

The USEPA notes that it took this

view with respect to the general RFP

requirement of section 172(c)(2) in the

General Preamble for the Interpretation

of Title I of the Clean Air Act

Amendments of 1990 (57 FR 13498

(April 16, 1992)), and it is now

extending that interpretation to the

specific provisions of subpart 2. In the

General Preamble, USEPA stated, in the

context of a discussion of the

requirements applicable to the

evaluation of requests to redesignate

nonattainment areas to attainment, that

the "requirements for RFP will not

apply in evaluating a request for

redesignation to attainment since, at a

minimum, the air quality data for the

area must show that the area has already

attained. Showing that the State will

make RFP towards attainment will,

therefore, have no meaning at that

point." (See 57 FR at 13564)2

Second, with respect to the

attainment demonstration requirements

of Section 182(b)(1), an analogous

rationale leads to the same result.

Section 182(b)(1) requires that the plan

provide for "such specific annual

reductions in emissions * * * as

necessary to attain the national primary

ambient air quality standard by the

attainment date applicable under this

Act." As with the RFP requirements, if

an area has in fact monitored attainment

of the standard, USEPA believes there is

no need for an area to make a further

submission containing additional

measures to achieve attainment. This is

also consistent with the interpretation of

certain section 172(c) requirements

provided by USEPA in the General

Preamble to Title I. As USEPA stated in

the Preamble, no other measures to

provide for attainment would be needed

by areas seeking redesignation to

attainment since "attainment will have

been reached." (57 FR at 13564; see also

September 1992 Calcagni memorandum

both the 15 percent plan requirement of section

182(b)(1) and the 3 percent per year requirement of

section 182(c)(2) are specific varieties of RFP

requirements.

2See also "Procedures for Processing Requests to

Redesignate Areas to Attainment," from John

Calcagni, Director, Air Quality Management

Division, to Regional Air Division Directors,

September 4, 1992, at page 6 (stating that the

"requirements for reasonable further progress

will not apply for redesignations because they only

have meaning for areas not attaining the standard")

(hereinafter referred to as "September 1992

Calcagni memorandum").

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at page 6). Upon attainment of the

NAAQS, the focus of state planning

efforts shifts to the maintenance of the

NAAQS and the development of a

maintenance plan under Section 175A.

Similar reasoning applies to other

related provisions of subpart 2. The first

of these are the contingency measure

requirements of section 172(c)(9) of the

Act. The USEPA has previously

interpreted the contingency measure

requirement of section 172(c)(9) as no

longer being applicable once an area has

attained the standard since those

"contingency measures are directed at

ensuring RFP and attainment by the

applicable date." (57 FR at 13564; see

also September 1992 Calcagni

memorandum at page 6).

The State must continue to operate an

appropriate air quality monitoring

network, in accordance with 40 CFR

part 58, to verify the attainment status

of the area. The air quality data relied

upon to determine that the area is

attaining the ozone standard must be

consistent with 40 CFR part 58

requirements and other relevant USEPA

guidance and recorded in USEPA'sAerometric Information Retrieval

System (AIRS).

The determinations made in this

notice do not shield an area from future

USEPA action to require emissions

reductions from sources in the area

where there is evidence, such as

photochemical grid modeling, showing

that emissions from sources in the area

contribute significantly to

nonattainment in, or interfere with

maintenance by, any other States with

respect to the NAAQS (see section

110(a)(2)(D)). The USEPA has authority

under sections 1 10(a)(2)(A) and

1 10(a)(2)(D) of the Act to require such

emission reductions if necessary and

appropriate to deal with transport

situations.

Analysis of Air Quality Data

The USEPA has reviewed the ambient

air monitoring data for ozone (consistent

with the requirements contained in 40

CFR part 58 and recorded in AIRS) for

the Cleveland -Akron -Lorain ozone

nonattainment area in Ohio from the

1992 through 1995 ozone seasons. The

following ozone exceedances were

recorded for the period from 1993 to

1995 (and the average number of

expected exceedances for this three-year

period is also presented):

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain: Medina

County, 6364 Deerview Lane (1994)-

0.127 parts per million (ppm); average

expected exceedances: 0.3. Cuyahoga

County, 891 E. 152 St. (1993)-0.126

ppm, (1994) 0.127 ppm and 0.125 ppm;

average expected exceedances: 1.0. Data

for 1995 shows no new exceedances of

the ozone NAAQS were monitored in

the Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area.

On the basis of this review, USEPA

determines that the area has attained the

ozone standard during the 1993-95

period, which is the most recent threeyear time period of air quality

monitoring data, and therefore are not

required to submit a 15% emissions

reduction plan, attainment

demonstration, and a section 172(c)(9)

contingency measure plan. See the June

29, 1995, proposed rulemaking

published in the Federal Register at 60

FR 31433.

Public Comment/USEPA Response

These are the comments and

responses that relate to the

determination of attainment for the

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area.

Comments that were received in support

of the determination are not

summarized below; only the adverse

comments are summarized and

responses are provided to these

comments. No further action will be

taken on the determination of

attainment for the Dayton and Toledo

areas since those areas have already

been redesignated to attainment. In a

later part of this rulemaking comments

and responses are provided on the

ozone redesignation request for the CAL

area. Because of the potential for

overlap of comments received on the

issue of the determination of attainment

and the redesignation, USEPA hereby

incorporates by reference the responses

contained in the section below on

redesignation to the extent that they

bear on the issues involved in the

determination of attainment, and vice

versa. To the extent that comments can

be construed to bear on both rulemaking

actions, responses should be construed

to pertain to both.

(1) Comment: The determination

action has been inappropriately

segregated from the section 110(a)(2)(D)

petition submitted by the State of New

York which requested the Federal

government to assess the

implementation plans of upwind states

to determine their contribution to

nonattainment in the State of New York.

Regional Oxidant Modeling indicates

that areas to the west of the State of New

York, including the State of Ohio,

contribute to violations of the ozone

NAAQS in the northeast United States,

including the State of New York.

Therefore these areas should continue to

meet the statutory reasonable further

progress requirements set forth in the

Clean Air Act, at least until the State of

New York's section 1 10(a)(2)(D) request

has been acted on.

(1) Response: The issue of transported

emissions is not relevant to this

rulemaking action. The purpose of the

requirements of section 182(b)(1)

concerning reasonable further progress

and attainment demonstration and the

contingency measure requirements of

section 172(c)(9) as they apply to CAL

is not to address emissions from that

area that may cause or contribute to air

quality problems in downwind areas.

The purpose of those requirements as

they apply to CAL is to achieve

attainment of the standard in that area.

The issue of transported emissions is

dealt with by other provisions of the

Act, provisions that are not the subject

of this rulemaking action. USEPA has

authority, and the state has an

obligation, under section 1 10(a)(2)(A)

(in the case of intrastate areas) and

section 1 10(a)(2)(D) (in the case of

interstate areas), to address transported

emissions from upwind areas that

significantly contribute to air quality

problems in downwind areas. The

determination being made in this

rulemaking is that, as CAL has attained

the ozone standard, certain additional

Act requirements whose purpose is to

achieve attainment in the area do not

apply to them. That determination does

not mean that the area might not have

to achieve additional reductions

pursuant to other provisions of the Act

if it is determined in the future that such

reductions are necessary to deal with

transport from the CAL area to

downwind areas.

Currently, the issue of transported

ozone and ozone precursors is being

addressed by the Ozone Transport

Assessment Group (OTAG) which is

composed of Industry, Environmental

Groups, Federal Government, State

Governments (including the State of

Ohio), and Local Governments from the

Midwest and Eastern Regions. OTAG is

performing ozone modeling to

determine how ozone transport can be

addressed on a regional basis. After this

assessment is completed, The United

States Environmental Protection Agency

(USEPA) anticipates using its authority

under sections 1 10(a)(2)(A) and

1 10(a)(2)(D) of the Act to require

emissions reductions where appropriate

based on this assessment and any other

relevant information.

(2) Comment: The determination of

attainment fails to meet the purpose,

intent and spirit of the Clean Air Act by

not protecting and enhancing the

quality of the Nation's air resources so

as to promote the public health and

welfare and the productive capacity of

its population. The ozone standard has

been shown to be inadequate to protect

public health. The American Lung

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Association has provided ample

evidence and new studies continue to

confirm this. It is very clear to many

people living here that the air is

polluted and adversely affecting

people's health. Furthermore, no one

has demonstrated that the bad air and

high pollution levels in Ohio's

nonattainment areas are not adversely

affecting the health of those downwind.

(2) Response: The determination of

attainment is based on ozone

monitoring data collected in the

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area. These

data continue to show that the area has

attained the standard. In a separate part

of this rulemaking the ozone

redesignation request is discussed. This

request contains a maintenance plan

which will provide for continued

maintenance of the standard into the

future. The maintenance plan is

unaffected by the determination of

attainment that finds that the 15% plan,

attainment demonstration, and section

172(c)(9) contingency measures are no

longer required.

USEPA is also reviewing the current

ozone standard to see whether it should

be revised in order to better protect the

public health. Until the current NAAQS

is revised, the current NAAQS of .12

parts per million is the appropriate

standard against which to assess plans

and measure attainment.

(3) Comment: The piecemeal

approach which USEPA is taking to

ozone attainment and redesignation is

promoting backsliding and encouraging

doing the least possible to protect public

health and actually clean up the air. A

holistic approach to solving

environmental problems is always

needed. This is no exception. Reviewing

emissions inventories in one

rulemaking, NOx in another, the SIP in

another, Reasonable Further Progress in

another, transportation modeling in

another, etc. is a methodology which

effectively puts blinders on and

prevents complete analysis of

interdependence aspects. Furthermore

this piecemeal approach is an out-ofsequence, illogical process.

USEPA must first determine if

attainment has been reached in

accordance with the Clean Air Act's

redesignation criteria given in section

107. Without ascertaining that

attainment has actually been reached it

is premature to alleviate the

requirements for further controls or

Reasonable Further Progress. It appears

that USEPA is only applying the first

redesignation requirement that the area

has attained the NAAQS and ignoring

the other requirements for redesignation

and proceeding to relax the standards.

(3) Response: Nothing requires that all

of the SIP revisions submitted by the

State be reviewed together. The CAA

has differing submittal dates for the SIPs

and requires USEPA to act on each

within a specific time period of its

submittal. This would probably not

allow adequate time for USEPA to

process all of the submittals at once,

given that some of the submittals were

submitted years apart from each other.

Where possible USEPA has sought to

consolidate responses to submittals but

the CAA is not always conducive to this

approach. The determination of

attainment is not the same as a

redesignation to attainment, and

therefore the requirements of section

107, which apply to redesignations to

attainment are not applicable. See also

the response to comments below. The

determination of attainment is only

based on the area's ozone monitoring

data. USEPA has decided to address the

determination of attainment and the

State's ozone redesignation request for

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain together in this

Federal Register action. This

rulemaking does not circumvent the

redesignation requirements. See the

discussion in the redesignation

rulemaking, below, and in USEPA's

Responses to Comments in its

Determination of Attainment of Ozone

Standard for Salt Lake and Davis

Counties, Utah 60 FR 36723 (July 18,

1995). USEPA in this portion of the

rulemaking, its determination of

attainment, is simply making a factual

determination that since CAL is

attaining the standard, certain

provisions of the CAA, whose express

purpose is to achieve attainment of the

standard, do not require SIP revisions.

In the redesignation portion of this

rulemaking, USEPA explains its basis

for concluding that CAL has met the

requirements of section 107 for

redesignation to attainment.

With respect to the determination of

attainment, USEPA set forth in the June

29, 1995 notices on CAL its basis for

interpreting certain CAA requirements

as inapplicable to an area that is

attaining the ozone standard.

This interpretation is consistent with

USEPA's General Preamble for the

Implementation of Title I of the Clean

Air Act Amendments of 1990 ("General

Preamble"), 57 FR 13,498 (April 16,

1992), which directly addressed

requirements for redesignations. Id. at

13,561-64. USEPA interpreted the

general reasonable further progress

requirement and contingency measures

as not applying to redesignation

requests because an area must have

attained the standard before it could be

redesignated to attainment, making

reasonable further progress and

contingency measures, unnecessary.

USEPA's May 10 memorandum set

forth USEPA's interpretation of the

requirements of CAA sections 172(c)(9)

and 182(b)(1)(A), with respect to ozone

nonattainment areas that have achieved

the ozone NAAQS. USEPA explained

that because the purpose of those

requirements has already been fulfilled

for areas that have attained the standard,

the requirements do not apply to those

areas for as long as they stay in

attainment. It further explained that this

interpretation is consistent with

USEPA's interpretation of the general

reasonable further progress

requirements and section 172(c)(9)

contingency measure requirements with

respect to redesignation requests as set

forth in its General Preamble, and with

related USEPA guidance on the

procedures to be used when USEPA is

processing redesignation requests.

USEPA has concluded that Congress

included the 15 percent plan as a

specification of "reasonable further

progress". Section 182(b)(1) is entitled

"Plan provisions for reasonable further

progress." The heading's reference to

"reasonable further progress" indicates

Congress' overall intent in enacting the

provision. The term "reasonable further

progress" is defined as "such annual

incremental reductions in emissions of

the relevant air pollutant as are required

by this part or may reasonably be

required by (USEPA) for the purpose of

ensuring attainment of the applicable

(NAAQS) by the applicable date." 42

U.S.C. section 7501(1). This definition

applies for "the purposes of * * * part"

D of Title I of the CAA, which includes

section 182(b). Id. Thus, the term

"reasonable further progress" requires

only such reductions in emissions as are

necessary to attain the NAAQS by the

attainment date and no more. 42 U.S.C.

section 7501(1). Accordingly, USEPA

has interpreted section 182(b)(1)(A)(I)

consistent with the statutory definition

of "reasonable further progress" and

with section 182(b)(1)(A)(I)'s express

purpose of assuring progress to bring

violating areas into attainment. If an

area has in fact attained the standard,

the stated purpose of the RFP

requirement will have already been

fulfilled and USEPA does not believe

that the area need submit revisions

providing for the further emissions

reductions described in section

182(b)(1).

The legislative history expressly

supports USEPA's interpretation of

section 182(b)(1)(A)(I). In describing the

15 percent plan, the House Report

stated:

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The emissions reductions called for in this

subsection* * * provide a concrete

translation of how much an area must do to

achieve "reasonable further progress" toward

attainment of the standards, as required in

section 172 and defined in section 171. Areas

that fail, as determined by USEPA, to achieve

reasonable further progress are in violation of

the Act.

H.R. Rep. no. 490, 101st Cong., 2d Sess.,

pt. 1 (1990) at 236. Thus, Congress

contemplated that the requirements of

section 182(b)(1)(A)(I) were simply a

specification of the more general

reasonable further progress

requirements of the Act, with the same

goals and definition.

Moreover, USEPA's interpretation of

the requirements of section

182(b)(1)(A)(I) is consistent with its

interpretation of the general reasonable

further progress requirements of CAA

section 172.

USEPA has also determined that

section 172 (c)(9), 42 U.S.C. section

7502(c)(9) does not require a

contingency measures plan for an area

such as CAL, which has attained the

standard. The contingency measures

plan is required for an area which "fails

to make reasonable further progress, or

to attain the (NAAQS) by the attainment

date * * *" 42 U.S.C. section

7502(c)(9). If, as USEPA has determined

with respect to CAL, an area has already

attained the standard, then by definition

such an area is not one to which

contingency measures apply. There

simply is no failure to attain or make

progress for which additional measures

need be contingent. However, as with

section 182(b)(1)(A)(I), USEPA

interprets section 172(c)(9)'s

requirements to be applicable to areas

that lapse back into violation prior to

redesignation, and which therefore need

additional progress toward attainment.

Moreover, USEPA's interpretation of

172(c)(9) is consistent with its

interpretation of these requirements in

the context ofredesignation requests. 57

FR 13564. USEPA's interpretation also

vindicates the policy objective of

reducing the burden on states and

sources of adopting and implementing

additional control measures that are not

necessary to attain the standard.

(4) Comment: The number of "close

calls" and the use of voluntary measures

to reduce ozone raises real questions

about the overall air quality. Modeling

would answer some of these questions

and give a truer picture of what the air

is really like. Some initial analysis of

the weather patterns in 1995 indicates

that they may be similar to 1988, a

supposedly "unusually hot, dry

summer" when numerous exceedances

were recorded. In fact, the weather in

Ohio in 1988 or thus far in 1995 is not

all that unusual. Even higher

temperature have been recorded. It can

be expected that there will be more

exceedances, unless there are reductions

in ozone precursor emissions.

USEPA policy (September 4, 1992,

procedures for processing requests to

redesignate areas to attainment, from

John Calcagni) states that data from the

monitors be from areas of highest

concentration and that modeling may be

necessary to determine the

representativeness of the monitor data.

(4) Response: While voluntary

measures were used in Cleveland during

the summer of 1995 to involve the

community in keeping their air clean,

the Ohio Environmental Protection

Agency (OEPA) did not claim that this

measure was responsible for the

Cleveland area attaining the NAAQS.

Ohio's request claimed that the

improvement in air quality was due to

permanent and enforceable measures,

namely the Federal Motor Vehicle

Emissions Control Program and the

Federal fuel volatility requirements that

reduced the emissions from gasoline. In

addition, the basic automobile

inspection and maintenance program,

required as a part of the carbon

monoxide SIP, would also have

provided volatile organic compound

(VOC), and oxide of nitrogen (NOx)

emissions reductions in the area, as a

side benefit. These measures resulted in

the area's VOC emissions decreasing by

about 14 percent from 1990 to 1994,

enabling the area to reach attainment of

the ozone NAAQS.

USEPA policy on the determination of

attainment is provided in a May 10,

1995, memorandum from John S. Seitz,

Director of the Office of Air Quality

Planning and Standards. This

memorandum sets forth USEPA's

interpretation of certain requirements of

subpart 2 of part D of title I of the Clean

Air Act as they relate to ozone

nonattainment areas that are meeting

the ozone NAAQS. The USEPA believes

it is reasonable to interpret provisions

regarding RFP and attainment

demonstrations, along with the related

requirements, so as not to require SIP

submissions if an ozone nonattainment

area subject to those requirements is in

fact attaining the ozone standard (i.e.,

attainment of the NAAQS is

demonstrated with 3 consecutive years

of complete, quality-assured air quality

monitoring data). The USEPA has

previously interpreted the general

provisions of subpart 1 of part D of title

I (section 171 and 172) so as not to

require the submissions of SIP revisions

concerning RFP, attainment

demonstrations, or contingency

measures, and USEPA believes it is

appropriate to interpret the ozonespecific provisions of subpart 2 in the

same manner. This is further discussed

under section I covering the background

on the determination of attainment.

The determination of attainment is

based only on ozone monitoring data for

the area. The data for at least the last

four years show that the area has

achieved attainment. We believe that

the monitoring data is adequate and

representative of the area and that

modeling is not necessary to show

attainment. These data show that the

area is in attainment and the monitoring

data for 1995 show that no exceedances

were monitored in the entire ClevelandAkron-Lorain area. This shows that the

provisions related to submitting a SIP

revision to bring an area into attainment

of the ozone NAAQS, such as the

attainment demonstration, RFP, and

contingency measures requirements are

not necessary since the area is already

in attainment of the ozone NAAQS.

The weather in 1995 was more

conducive toward forming ozone in

many parts of the Country. Even though

this was the case no exceedances were

monitored at any of the monitors in the

CAL area showing that the area has

reduced its emissions to a level that has

brought the CAL area into attainment of

the ozone NAAQS.

(5) Comment: The Southwestern

Pennsylvania Growth Alliance (Growth

Alliance) is concerned that the

redesignation of the Cleveland -AkronLorain area could adversely affect both

the economy and air quality in

southwestern Pennsylvania, and it feels

that action on the applications from

these regions should be suspended until

a more comprehensive national solution

to interstate transport of ozone and

ozone precursors is developed and

implemented. The Growth Alliance

believes that Southwestern

Pennsylvania is being unfairly

disadvantaged compared to neighboring

states by the requirements created by

the Clean Air Act, by USEPA, and by

the Northeast Ozone Transport

Commission.

(5) Response: USEPA's proposed

action to determine that the ClevelandAkron-Lorain area has reached

attainment and that it is not necessary

for it to have an attainment

demonstration, 15% rate of reduction

plan, and a contingency plan is different

from redesignating the ClevelandAkron-Lorain area as an attainment area

for ozone. In order for USEPA to make

a determination concerning the 15%

plan and other requirements, it is only

necessary to show that the area has

attained the ozone standard through

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monitoring data. In order to be

redesignated from nonattainment to

attainment the area must meet the five

redesignation requirements of section

107 of the CAA. One of the five

redesignation requirements is that the

area have met all of the SIP

requirements applicable to the area. A

determination of attainment renders

some of those requirements as

inapplicable, based on the area attaining

the standard, but the area would still

have to meet the remaining applicable

SIP requirements before it could satisfy

part of the requirements for

redesignation. The ozone redesignation

request for Cleveland -Akron -Lorain is

being addressed in a separate part of

this same Federal Register action. A

discussion of the comments and

responses received on the redesignation

is given in that part of this action. In

order for the CAL area to be

redesignated from nonattainment to

attainment it would have to meet all of

the applicable redesignation

requirements. If an area meets the

criteria for redesignation nothing in the

CAA suggests that redesignations

should be delayed. Any issue regarding

transport of ozone and its precursors

can and is expected to be dealt with

through the Ozone Transport and

Assessment Group (OTAG) and

USEPA's authority under section 110

(a)(2)(A) and (a)(2)(D) of the Act. See

also Response to comment 2.

Determination Conclusion

The USEPA has determined that the

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain (which

includes the Counties of Ashtabula,

Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain,

Medina, Portage and Summit) has

attained the ozone standard and

continues to attain the standard at this

time.

As a consequence of this

determination that the ClevelandAkron-Lorain ozone nonattainment area

has attained the ozone standard, the

requirements of section 182(b)(1)

concerning the submission of the 15

percent plan and ozone attainment

demonstration and the requirements of

section 172(c)(9) concerning

contingency measures are not applicable

to the Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area.

Additionally since this determination is

occurring simultaneously with the

ozone redesignation to attainment, the

determination will not be revoked in the

event of a violation. Rather, in the event

of a violation, the contingency measures

in the approved maintenance plan

would be triggered by a violation.

Ozone Redesignation Request

I. Background

On November 14, 1994, the OEPA

submitted to the USEPA a request for

redesignation to attainment for ozone

for the CAL area of Lorain, Cuyahoga,

Lake, Ashtabula, Geauga, Medina,

Summit and Portage. Additional

information on the State public hearing

and response to comments was

submitted to USEPA on February 22,

1995. The redesignation requests were

supported by technical information

demonstrating that the requirements of

section 107(d)(3)(E) of the Clean Air Act

Amendments (CAAA) were met. On

June 15, 1995, a notice was published in

the Federal Register (60 FR 31433)

which proposed approval of the

redesignation requests to attainment for

ozone and the maintenance plans for the

Ohio CAL moderate ozone

nonattainment area counties.

I. Summary of Proposed Rulemaking

The proposed rulemaking detailed

how the State submittal fulfilled the

redesignation requirements of the

CAAA. Specifically, section 107(d)(3)(E)

provides for redesignation if: (i) The

Administrator determines that the area

has attained the National Ambient Air

Quality Standards (NAAQS); (ii) The

Administrator has fully approved the

applicable implementation plan for the

area under section 110(k); (iii) The

Administrator determines that the

improvement in air quality is due to

permanent and enforceable reductions

in emissions resulting from

implementation of the applicable

implementation plan and applicable

Federal air pollutant control regulations

and other permanent and enforceable

reductions; (iv) The Administrator has

fully approved a maintenance plan for

the area as meeting the requirements of

section 175(A); and (v) the State

containing such area has met all

requirements applicable to the area

under section 110 and Part D.

Included in the State submittal was a

maintenance plan. A component of the

maintenance plan is the maintenance

demonstration which shows that the

level of emissions projected out 10 years

will not exceed the attainment year

inventory. The proposed rulemaking

presented summary tables of Volatile

Organic Compounds (VOC) emissions,

and NOx emissions projections for the

CAL area counties. The OEPA has

revised the base year and projected year

inventories numbers in response to

comments made by Region 5. The VOC

and NOx point source emissions

projections for the year 2000 were

estimated by USEPA based on an

average growth rate for the 1996 to 2006

period. These estimates show that the

total emissions in the area are expected

to remain below the attainment level of

emissions. In addition, the NOx point

source emission projections do not

account for emission reductions due to

the Title IV Acid Rain requirements of

the CAA, which would further reduce

NOx emissions in the area. The changes

did not affect the State's ability to

demonstrate maintenance. The revised

tables are presented below.

SUMMARY OF VOC EMISSIONS

[Tons/day]

1990 base 1993 attain 1996 pro- 2000 pro- 2006 pro- jected jected jected

P o int .......................................................................................................... 82 .2 2 75 .75 78 .5 5 8 2 .44 88 .6 3

Area .......................................................................................................... 201.05 201.37 201.45 201.63 200.86

M o b ile ....................................................................................................... 2 4 8 .4 18 1 .4 13 1 .2 78 .4 4 8 .8

T ota ls ........................................................................................................ 53 1.7 4 58 .5 4 1 1.2 3 62 .5 33 8 .3

SUMMARY OF NO× EMISSIONS

[Tons/day]

1990 base 1993 attain 1996 pro- 2000 pro- 2006 pro- jected jected jected

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SUMMARY OF NOx EMISSIONS-Continued

[Tons/day]

A re a ..........................................................................................................

M o b ile .......................................................................................................

T o ta ls ........................................................................................................

Additionally, the VOC and NOx

emissions projected for the year 2006 in

the above tables are considered

emission budgets for purposes of

transportation conformity.

The proposal stated that final

approval of the CAL moderate

nonattainment area counties was

contingent upon final approval of VOC

reasonably available control technology

(RACT) rules, the 1990 Base-year

inventory, the section 182(f) NOx

waiver request, the 182(b)(1) reasonable

further progress plan (15% plan), the

182(b)(4) inspection and maintenance

plan, the attainment demonstration, and

the 172(c)(9) contingency measures. All

of these requirements have either been

met through full approval of state

submittals or have been determined in

this rulemaking to be no longer

applicable. The final approval of most of

the VOC RACT rules were published on

March 23, 1995 (60 FR 15235), and

became effective on May 22, 1995. Final

approval of RACT rules for major

stationary sources not specifically

covered by a USEPA Control Technique

Guideline for RACT became effective on

October 31, 1995, in a letter notice

action from Regional Administrator

Adamkus to the individual companies.

A formal announcement of this was

made in the Federal Register. The Baseyear inventories were approved on

December 7, 1995 (60 FR 62737) and

effective on January 8, 1996. The NOx

waiver request was approved on July 13,

1995 (60 FR 36051) and became

effective on August 14, 1995. The I/M

plan was approved on April 4, 1995 (60

FR 16989) and became effective on June

3, 1995.

A May 10, 1995, memorandum from

John S. Seitz, Director, Office of Air

Quality Planning and Standards,

entitled "Reasonable Further Progress,

Attainment Demonstration, and Related

Requirements for Ozone Nonattainment

Areas Meeting the Ozone National

Ambient Air Quality Standard", states

that upon a determination made by

USEPA that an area has attained the

NAAQS for ozone, that area need not

submit SIP revisions concerning

reasonable further progress (15%) plan,

182(b)(1) attainment demonstrations,

and 172(c)(9) contingency measures for

as long as the area continues to meet the

standard. Such a determination is made

for the CAL area in a separate part of

this rulemaking. Consequently, final

approval of the redesignation request for

the CAL counties ofLorain, Cuyahoga,

Lake, Ashtabula, Geauga, Medina,

Summit, and Portage is no longer

dependent upon approval of the 15%

plan, attainment demonstration, or

section 172(c)(9) contingency measures.

Public Comment/USEPA Response

In response to the request for written

comments on the proposed rulemaking,

USEPA received about 50 comment

letters. Letters were received from

concerned citizens, environmental

groups, and industry. Over 30 of these

letters were adverse comments on the

propose rulemaking. The remaining

comments were in support of the

proposed rule. The following

summarizes the adverse comments

received and responds to them. The

comments in support of the rule are not

summarized below, but are available for

public review in USEPA's docket. In an

earlier part of this rulemaking

comments and responses are provided

on the determination of attainment for

the CAL area. To the extent that any

comments under the determination

section also apply to the ozone

redesignation action for the CAL area

they are also incorporated into the

comments/responses under this section

covering the ozone redesignation action

for the CAL area.

(1) Comment: Many of the

commenters are opposed to the

redesignation of the Cleveland -AkronLorain area to attainment on the

grounds that they believe that more

stringent emission control requirements

and sanctions are needed to avoid

unsafe pollution levels. These

commenters believe that the benefits of

health and environmental

improvements to be achieved through

stricter standards outweigh the

increased costs of emission controls on

industry and on the public. Several

commenters state that the ozone

standard itself should be tightened,

expressing concerns over long term

health impacts, impacts on children and

the elderly, and impacts on smog levels

still visible in the area.

(1) Response: The NAAQS were

established to protect the public's health

and welfare with an adequate margin of

safety. Although additional reductions

in VOCs may provide further health

improvements, it is noted that the issue

here is attainment of the ozone

standard. The State of Ohio has met the

requirements for the redesignation of

the Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area to

attainment of the ozone standard,

including attainment of the ozone

NAAQS. It is not clear that further

reduction in ozone levels will provide

significant health improvements.

With regard to a revised ozone

standard, it should be noted that the

USEPA along with States and science

advisors, is the process of reconsidering

the ozone standard. If the ozone

standard is revised a number of ozone

attainment and nonattainment areas

may be affected. A redesignation of

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain to attainment at

this time will not prevent this area from

being redesignated to nonattainment if it

is subsequently found to be in violation

of a revised ozone standard. Until the

NAAQS is revised, however, the 0.12

ppm NAAQS for ozone is the only

appropriate standard against which to

judge attainment.

(2) Comment: People in the

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area suffer from

sinus problems, and increased

occurrence of asthma and other lifethreatening respiratory illnesses that are

directly attributable to air pollution. The

air is often oppressive and really

unbreathable, especially in the kind of

hot, humid weather that the area has

experienced this summer. Infants and

the elderly are affected by the higher

tolerance of ozone levels now in force.

We see people who become ill from

polluted air whenever the ozone level

rises. The current ozone standard is not

health based. We want to breathe

cleaner air. We are opposed to the

redesignation of Cleveland -AkronLorain because of the asthma epidemic

and increasing number of asthma

deaths. The pervasiveness of the health

threat posed far outweighs the

inhibition of industrial expansion and

limits on smokestack pollution.

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(2) Response: The current ozone

standard is a health based standard. It

was recently reviewed and reaffirmed,

see 58 FR 13008 (March 9, 1995).

However, the ozone NAAQS is currently

being reviewed to see if the standard

should be changed and what the new

standard would be, see 59 FR 5164

(February 3, 1994). A staff report was

recently released that discusses this

review of the ozone NAAQS. But unless

and until the ozone NAAQS is changed

- it remains the standard to use for

comparison against ozone monitoring

data in the area. Those data indicates

attainment of the ozone standard.

(3) Comment: In Cleveland -AkronLorain the air smells. There are also foul

odors coming from factories during the

early morning hours that are waking us

up and making us nauseated.

(3) Response: At the Federal level the

Clean Air Act (CAA) does not provide

specific requirements for companies to

control odors. Odor is not an issue

pertinent to the ozone standard or the

attainment of that standard. We have,

however, made our enforcement group

aware of these complaints to see what

can be done. Further, existing facilities

must continue to operate existing air

pollution control equipment in

accordance with applicable rules,

regulations and permits, and sources

that are problematic in terms of posing

a nuisance to area residents may be

referred to the State and local

environmental enforcement staff for

investigation.

(4) Comment: Several commenters

expressed concern that trucks and buses

pollute the air by blowing out black

smoke and that cleaning up emissions

from cars is not sufficient.

(4) Response: The USEPA agrees that

cleaning up emissions from cars is not

enough. Trucks and buses also produce

significant pollution. The USEPA has

set stringent standards for new heavy

duty diesel engines beginning with the

1988 model year, with additional

improvements to be made with the 1991

and 1994 model year engines. The black

smoke from diesel trucks and buses is

particulate matter which is a visible air

pollutant. Trucks and buses also

contribute to ozone air pollution

because they produce hydrocarbons and

NOx. The NOx emission standard has

been tightened from 10.7 grams per

brake horsepower per hour (g/bhp-hr) in

1985 to 6.0 in 1988 and 5.0 in 1991. The

hydrocarbon emission rate for diesel

engines is set at 1.3 g/bhp-hr. Particulate

emission standards have been tightened

from 0.60 g/bhp-hr in 1988 to 0.10 g/

bhp-hr in 1994 for all new heavy duty

engines. As the older trucks and buses

are replaced by the newer, cleaner

engines the pollution from these

vehicles will be significantly reduced.

In October 1993, the USEPA required

the use of a cleaner diesel fuel

throughout the country. Diesel fuel used

in on-highway compression ignition

engines contains less sulphur than

earlier fuels. Lower sulphur reduces the

amount of indirect particulate and

improves the operation of new diesel

engines using particulate trap oxidizers

to control direct particulate emissions. It

is estimated that the use of low-sulphur

diesel fuel reduces direct and indirect

particulate by approximately 28 percent

from the baseline fuel. Air quality

impacts of fuel controls are projected to

reduce particulate by 2.3 to 8.3

micrograms per cubic meter and

sulphur dioxide by 7 to 16 micrograms

per cubic meter in a metropolitan area

the size of Cleveland -Akron -Lorain.

The State of Ohio will implement its

inspection and maintenance (JIM)

program beginning in 1996. The

authorizing State legislation for the IM

program requires the testing of diesel

powered vehicles up to 10,000 pounds

for opacity (smoke). Buses are also

required to meet emission standards for

smoke, hydrocarbons and carbon

monoxide.

The reductions in hydrocarbon, and

NOx emissions from trucks and buses

will contribute to maintaining the ozone

standard and protecting the public's

health. Particulate issues are separate

from ozone issues and are not relevant

for consideration here. While the

standards for particulate emissions will

greatly reduce the amount of smoke

emitted from trucks and busses, it is not

expected to have a significant effect on

ozone levels and as a result is not

pertinent to an ozone redesignation

request.

(5) Comment: Several commenters

have expressed confusion over the

relationship between the proposed

redesignation and the protection of the

"ozone layer." One commenter in

particular requests that the USEPA

explain the "whole ozone picture."

(5) Response: At the very outset of

this response, it must be noted that

"ozone" referred to in the proposed

redesignation is chemically identical to

the "ozone" referred to in the term

"ozone layer." In both situations ozone

refers to a gas composed of molecules

with three oxygen atoms each.

In the case of the "ozone layer", one

is referring to the layer of the Earth's

stratosphere where ozone is found in

relatively high concentrations. Ozone in

this layer is formed through the reaction

of oxygen molecules (two oxygen atoms

each) and high energy electromagnetic

radiation from the Sun. Oxygen atoms

are freed when oxygen molecules are

impacted by the high energy radiation.

Some of these freed oxygen atoms

combine with oxygen molecules to form

ozone molecules. Within this layer of

the atmosphere, ozone is a significant

absorber of high energy ultraviolet

radiation from the Sun. If this

ultraviolet radiation reached the surface

of the earth in sufficient intensity,

significant, undesirable biological

damage could result to surface

organisms. Concerns over potential

damage to the protective ozone layer has

led to efforts to reduce the emissions of

gasses which are believed to directly or

indirectly eliminate ozone molecules.

In the case of the proposed of

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain, one is dealing

with ozone found in the lowest levels of

the atmosphere. At this level of the

atmosphere, high ozone levels are not

typically found (natural processes can

lead to peak ozone levels of 0.04 to 0.06

parts per million, well below the ozone

standard of 0.12 parts per million). Manmade (anthropogenic) emissions of

volatile organic compounds, oxides of

nitrogen, and other gases, in the

presence of sunlight and relatively

warm temperatures, can lead to ozone

formation of considerably higher

concentrations. This chemical formation

process involves hundreds of chemical

reactions and differs significantly from

the process that forms ozone in the

stratosphere. There is no significant

exchange of ozone between the lower

atmosphere, where high ozone levels are

undesirable, and the stratosphere, where

high ozone levels are desirable for the

protection of life on earth.

Ozone concentrations in excess of the

ozone standard are shown, based on

numerous health studies and correlation

of health data and monitored ozone

concentrations, to be damaging to

human health, particularly causing

problems with the human respiratory

system. For this reason, ozone has been

listed as a primary pollutant with a

defined health-based standard.

(6) Comment: The air quality in

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain is lousy and

there has been no improvement in the

quality of our air. If anything, I would

say things are worse.

(6) Response: With respect to ozone

levels in the CAL, the air quality has

improved significantly since the late

1980's. During 1988 there were a

number of monitored readings above

.150 parts per million in the area.

During the last four years the highest

concentration monitored was .127 ppm.

CAL achieved attainment of the ozone

standard at the end of 1994, by

monitoring attainment of the ozone

NAAQS during the three previous years

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(which are 1992, 1993, and 1994). The

area continued to attain the standard

since that time.

Section 107(d)(3)(E)(iii) requires that,

for the USEPA to approve a

redesignation, it must determine that

the improvement in air quality is due to

permanent and enforceable reductions

in emissions. The September Calcagni

memorandum, at page 4, clarifies this

requirement by stating that

"[a]ttainment resulting from temporary

reductions in emission rates (e.g.,

reduced production or shutdown due to

temporary adverse economic

conditions) or unusually favorable

meteorology would not qualify as an air

quality improvement due to permanent

and enforceable emission reductions."

As discussed in the June 15, 1995

Federal Register proposed rulemaking,

the State of Ohio demonstrated that

permanent and enforceable emission

reductions are responsible for the recent

improvement in air quality. This

demonstration was accomplished

through an estimate of the reductions

(from 1990 to 1993) of VOC achieved

through Federal measures such as the

Federal Motor Vehicle Emissions

Control Program (FMVECP) and fuel

volatility rules implemented from 1990-

1993, as suggested by the September

Calcagni memorandum.

Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)

emissions are one of the precursors that

help to form ozone. The total emission

reductions achieved from 1990 to 1993

were 65 tons of VOC per day. This is a

14 percent reduction in VOCs, which

corresponds to the drop in ozone

concentrations in the area. These

emission reductions were primarily the

result of the FMVECP, Automobile

Inspection and Maintenance program,

and Gasoline Reid Vapor Pressure (RVP)

reductions from 10.5 pounds per square

inch (psi) in 1989, to 9.0 psi in 1992.

The VOC emissions are expected to

continue to decrease in the future due

to the Federal Motor Vehicle Emissions

Control Program, Stage II vapor recovery

program, and the Enhanced Automobile

Inspection and Maintenance Program.

The NOx emissions are also expected to

decrease in the future due to the Federal

Motor Vehicle Emissions Control

Program and the Enhanced Automobile

Inspection and Maintenance Program.

(7) Comment: I am sure you are being

bombarded with requests to change the

designation to attainment, on the

grounds that the region will be hurt

economically if this is not done. To me,

such arguments ignore two fundamental

points. First, there is not evidence that

stricter environmental regulations hurt

the economy. A clean environment does

not mean less jobs, it can mean more

jobs. In fact, there is evidence that

indicates the opposite. Second, even if

this is true, we would be selling our

health, and the health of our world and

our children, for economic benefit. This

does not seem a good trade. There is

entirely too much emphasis on business

economic considerations over health

considerations. The cost to industry

may be high, but what about the cost to

pay for increased health problems? Air

pollution results in hundreds of

thousands of dollars worth of asthma

illnesses and deaths each week. This

should be spent on pollution controls

instead.

It would be reprehensible if the

agency charged with the protection of

health and the environment capitulated

to vested, self-serving interests that

place the almighty dollar ahead of

human health and welfare. The

redesignation request should not be

approved.

(7) Response: The approval of the

ozone redesignation request for

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain is based on the

area meeting the five requirements of

section 107 of the CAA. It is not based

on economic grounds. The first of the

five requirements of section 107 is that

the area has attained the National

Ambient Air Quality Standard for

ozone, which it has. The NAAQS for

ozone is set at a level designed to

protect the public's health and

monitoring data show that the area is

meeting the standard.

(8) Comment: One commenter,

although not expressing opposition to

the proposed redesignation, does

express opposition to the approach used

in the Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area of

trying to get the public to reduce

emissions only during critical high

ozone potential periods. The commenter

favors a permanent curtailment of

emissions so that people with related

health risks, such as asthma, will not

have to seek the shelter of airconditioned places during such periods.

(8) Response: It is agreed that, where

possible, permanent emission controls

should be implemented to minimize

ozone levels and to attain the ozone

standard. It should be recognized that

many permanent emission controls,

such as reasonably available control

technology, transportation control

measures, and vehicle inspection/

maintenance, have been implemented in

the Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area. The

maintenance plan takes into account

that these emission controls will be

maintained despite the redesignation of

the area as an area in attainment of the

ozone standard. The permanent and

enforceable emissions reductions are

discussed under comment number six,

and in comment 4 in the determination

of attainment section.

(9) Comment: A number of

commenters believed the air monitoring

in the area was inadequate. Several

concerns were noted: Commenters

stated that there is presently insufficient

monitoring both in terms of what is

monitored and the number of

monitoring stations (specifically, a lack

of ozone monitoring in Geauga County

was cited by several commenters).

(9) Response: The requirements for

ambient air quality monitoring are

detailed in 40 CFR part 58. The federal

requirements include: The use of

approved air monitoring equipment;

quality assurance of monitoring data;

appropriate network design; operating

schedule; and siting of individual

monitors. In determining attainment or

nonattainment status of an area for the

NAAQS for ozone, only air monitors

sampling for ozone are relevant.

Monitoring for precursors of ozone

(such as VOCs and NOx) can be

beneficial in understanding ozone

formation. For determining the air

quality concentrations of ozone in an

area and determining attainment of the

ozone standard, ambient ozone monitors

are considered.

The Cleveland -Akron -Lorain ozone

monitoring network consists of ten

ambient ozone monitors: three in

Cuyahoga County, two in Lake County,

and one each in Ashtabula, Lorain,

Medina, Portage and Summit Counties.

The monitoring network is reviewed by

the USEPA. The individual monitoring

sites meet the federal monitoring

requirements. The commenters are

correct in noting that Geauga County is

downwind of the urban area and in a

location that would be expected to

receive high ozone concentrations.

However, the USEPA believes that

decisions on the air quality can be made

with the current network because the

monitors cover an adequate geographic

area to be representative of the

nonattainment area. Ozone monitors are

located in every county that is

contiguous to Geauga County. All of

these monitors are in attainment of the

ozone NAAQS, including Lake County

which is also downwind of the main

urban area and would be expected to

have similar air quality to Geauga

County. Based on this USEPA believes

that Geauga County is also in attainment

of the ozone NAAQS.

(10) Comment: One commenter

believed that the original readings that

brought about the "bad rating" were

taken in an industrial area surrounded

by freeways inundated with Cleveland

Browns fans. The commenter believed

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the monitoring readings to be

unrepresentative.

(10) Response: The highest ozone

readings are not typically found in

industrial areas or near freeways.

Industries and traffic produce

hydrocarbons (also called volatile

organic compounds) and NOx pollution

that react in the presence of sunlight to

form ozone. This reaction takes place

over a period of several hours and thus

the highest ozone concentrations are

typically found 20 to 40 miles in the

downwind direction. The USEPA

considers all valid, quality assured

monitoring data in the area in assessing

the air quality. The moderate ozone

nonattainment designation was based

on 3 years of ozone monitoring data

(1987-1989) and was based on the

fourth highest reading (.157 the design

value) at the monitoring site in Akron,

Ohio. Other ozone monitoring sites in

the area also had ozone concentrations

in the range of a moderate classification.

For example, the site at Jefferson

Elementary School in Eastlake, Ohio

had a design value of .152 for the 1987-

1989 time period. The ozone monitoring

data now shows an improvement in air

quality that demonstrates attainment of

the health based ozone standard. All air

monitoring data is available to the

public from the national USEPA

Aerometric Information and Retrieval

System (AIRS) data bank.

(11) Comment: The fact that this

region did not adopt reformulated, less

ozone-producing gasoline with fewer

VOC's for summertime use clearly

demonstrates the lack of commitment to

clean air.

(11) Response: While the ClevelandAkron-Lorain area was not required to

adopted reformulated gasoline in order

to be redesignated, they did choose an

Enhanced Automobile Inspection and

Maintenance program (I/M) as a

maintenance measure to be

implemented in the area. This program

was chosen as the most cost effective

program that the area could use for

maintaining the standard while still

providing room for growth in the area.

(12) Corn ment: Several commenters

expressed dissatisfaction with the

inspection and maintenance program for

automobiles. Some were concerned

about gaps in the I/M program that

reduced the effectiveness. One

commenter suggested other pollution

reduction measures. A commenter

believed that the vehicle inspection and

maintenance program was not effective.

The commenter believed that the I/M

funds would be better spent on

enforcing the speed limit, getting rid of

high polluting vehicles, doing more on

"Ozone Action Days" or making these

mandatory, and giving incentives for

sharing rides. One commenter was

against the more stringent IM program.

(12) Response: The IM program for

automobiles is a very cost-effective

program for reducing pollution. Studies

show that a small percentage of vehicles

are producing a large portion of the

pollution in a metropolitan area.

Automobiles that are not wellmaintained or that have pollution

control equipment that has been

disabled emit air pollution that can

increase ozone concentrations. The I/M

program will identify these automobiles

and require repairs. Compared to other

forms of pollution control, the IM

program is a low-cost alternative. The

enhanced IM program is estimated to

cost between $500 to $900 dollars per

ton of VOC pollution reduced. This

compares to a cost of approximately

$5,000 per ton for a basic program,

$5,000 to $10,000 dollars per ton of

VOC reduced for additional stationary

source controls beyond the current

RACT required in the Cleveland -AkronLorain area. The USEPA agrees that an

effective IM program is important. The

enhanced IM program adopted by Ohio

and which began in January 1996, is the

best and most cost effective testing

program recommended by the USEPA.

An additional feature of the State's

enhanced IM program, designed to

improve repair-effectiveness, is the

requirement that automobile technicians

become certified to repair vehicles

which fail the test. The auto technician

training program requires technicians to

undergo a training program to ensure

they are able to perform repairs on

current new-technology vehicles and

vehicles of the future. Technicians and

repair facilities will be graded on the

effectiveness of repairs and this

information will be available to the

public in order to make informed

decisions on where to take their vehicle

for repairs. This technician training and

certification program began

implementation in October 1995, and is

being supervised by the OEPA.

(13) Comment: A commenter

expresses the concern that control of

emissions from aircraft as they travel

over the area (and over the United States

in general) have not been given enough

consideration. The commenter believes

aircraft emissions must be considered

along with emissions from industries

and automobiles in the control of air

pollution.

(13) Response: It should be noted that

States, under the requirements of

section 182(a)(1) of the Clean Air Act,

have included aircraft emissions in a

base year emissions inventory for each

ozone nonattainment area. These

aircraft emissions were projected to the

10-year maintenance period in Ohio's

maintenance plan for the ClevelandAkron-Lorain area, and were shown,

along with emissions from other

sources, to not cause a projected

violation of the ozone standard.

(14) Comment: A number of

commenters were concerned that the

redesignation would affect

transportation choices and

transportation planning and would

contribute to more pollution. Concerns

were expressed about: The need for

more bike paths, the need for improved

public transit, the need to discourage

driving. Specific concern was expressed

about express lanes on 1-271 which

would impact the environment. Another

commenter had concerns about a

subway being dropped from the

transportation planning, a lack of

bicycle facilities, more interchanges and

freeways and new lane additions. There

was concern about a tollway from

Toledo to Portsmouth instead of light

rail that would be upwind of the

populated current nonattainment areas

and would add pollution to the areas.

The commenter wanted pollution

prevention through better transportation

choices.

(14) Response: The redesignation to

attainment does not negate the need for

the area to make smart transportation

choices. The transportation conformity

requirements still apply to the area as a

maintenance area. The area will need to

demonstrate that emissions are not

exceeding the mobile source emission

budget in the maintenance plan. The

Northeast Ohio Area wide Coordinating

Agency (NOACA) is the local

metropolitan planning organization for

the Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area and

performs the conformity analysis on the

transportation plan. Conformity to the

emission budget is designed to prevent

the area from increasing mobile source

emissions to the point where the air

quality standards are exceeded.

Conformity will also provide assurance

that a project will not be done if it

would cause or contribute to a violation

of the ozone NAAQS in the CAL area.

The commenters are correct in noting

that transportation measures such as

improvements in bicycle paths and

facilities and improved public transit

will contribute to better air quality by

reducing the number of automobiles and

the number of vehicle miles of travel.

The commenters are also correct in their

concerns about increasing freeway

capacity and tollways, as these types of

projects will encourage additional

vehicular traffic. The USEPA believes

that the conformity requirements will

allow the area to make local decisions

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on transportation planning while

assuring that mobile source emissions

will not increase. Increases to the

mobile source budget are only allowed

if there is an excess in the total

projected emissions for the area.

Projects such as tollways that are built

in the maintenance area would also be

subject to conformity. Tollways that are

in attainment areas are not currently

required to meet any conformity tests. It

is possible that projects of this type

could affect air quality downwind;

however, the USEPA believes that the

cleaner vehicle standards will

contribute to preventing degradation of

the air. See also the response to

comment 18.

(15) Corn m ent: Over Lake Erie there is

a gray and yellow mass of pollution.

There is also a trail of smoke that rises

from the smoke stacks of the East Lake

Electric Power plant, and the trucks and

buses are also emitting smoke. When I

am at a high point on a hill looking

down at downtown Cleveland, I can

barely see the buildings. It's as if they

are behind a cloud of dirt, smoke, and

other pollution. We need to change this.

(15) Response: USEPA has a variety of

programs addressing the commenter's

concerns. The "trail of smoke" from the

East Lake power plant is particulate

matter, which is regulated both by limits

on the mass of particulate matter and by

limits on the opacity of the plume.

Smoke from trucks and buses is being

limited by new emissions standards that

have been made achievable by new

limitations on the sulfur content of

diesel fuel. USEPA is updating its

visibility regulations to reduce the

impairment of visibility due to air

pollution. Nevertheless, USEPA

evaluates attainment of the air quality

standards based on quantitative

measurements of air pollutant

concentration. Since these

measurements indicate that the ozone

standard is being attained, USEPA must

conclude that this criterion for

redesignation is satisfied.

(16) Comment: Several commenters

are opposed to the redesignation

because they believe it will lead to less

USEPA oversight of existing emission

control regulations and, therefore, to

increased air pollution.

(16) Response: All volatile organic

compound emission control regulations

in place at the time of the redesignation

of the Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area will

remain in place unless it is ultimately

shown through photochemical

dispersion modeling that such control

measures are not necessary for

continued attainment of the ozone

standard. These regulations will

continue to be enforced by the State and

will remain federally enforceable.

(17) Cor ment: One commenter

asserted that section 107(d)(e)(E)(v)

requires that a state meet all applicable

requirements under section 110 and Part

D. While claiming that Cleveland

satisfies all 172(c) requirements, USEPA

acknowledges that some components

have not yet completed regulatory

review. 60 FR 31437.

(17) Response: All applicable

components, including those were

referred to in the proposal as pending

regulatory review, have now completed

regulatory review. The Clean Air Act

requires that the Cleveland -AkronLorain area meet all applicable

requirements before the area is

redesignated. USEPA approved the 1990

base year emissions inventory in a final

rulemaking published on December 7,

1995 (60 FR 62737). The remaining VOC

RACT rules for the area were approved

in letter notice rulemakings dated

October 31, 1995 and announced in the

Federal Register. In a separate part of

this final rulemaking USEPA

determined that the 15% plan and

contingency measures requirements are

no longer applicable to the ClevelandAkron-Lorain area. USEPA's rational for

this action is contained in the

rulemakings dated August 25, 1995 (60

FR 44277), June 29, 1995 (60 FR 33742,

and 60 FR 33781), and this final

rulemaking. As a result of these actions

the Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area has

met all of the fully approved SIP

requirements. These requirements were

met before USEPA published this final

rulemaking taking action on the

redesignation requests.

In response to the comment on the

protection of the public health. The

public's health is protected as

evidenced by the monitoring data

collected in the area. The data show that

the air quality levels are meeting the

NAAQS for ozone. These standards

were set to protect the public health and

welfare.

(18) Comment: By this proposed

approval, USEPA claims the

redesignation request relieves Ohio from

submitting SIP revisions providing

transportation and general conformity

criteria guidance.

(18) Response: USEPA in this notice

does not relieve Ohio from conformity

requirements. Rather, USEPA has

determined that those requirements will

continue to apply after the area is

redesignated, and therefore need not be

fulfilled as a condition of redesignation.

Section 176(c) of the Act requires States

to revise their SIPs to establish criteria

and procedures to ensure that Federal

actions, before they are taken, conform

to the air quality planning goals in the

applicable SIP. The requirement to

determine conformity applies to

transportation plans, programs and

projects developed, funded or approved

under Title 23 U.S.C. or the Federal

Transit Act ("transportation

conformity"), as well as to all other

Federal actions ("general conformity").

Section 176 further provides that the

conformity revisions to be submitted by

the States must be consistent with

Federal conformity regulations that the

Act required the USEPA to promulgate.

Congress provided for the State

revisions to be submitted one year after

the date of promulgation of final USEPA

conformity regulations.

The USEPA promulgated final

transportation conformity regulations on

November 24, 1993 (58 FR 62188), and

general conformity regulations on

November 30, 1993 (58 FR 63214).

These conformity rules require that

States adopt both transportation and

general conformity provisions in the SIP

for areas designated nonattainment or

subject to a maintenance plan approved

under section 175A of the Act. Pursuant

to 40 CFR 51.396 of the transportation

conformity rule and 40 CFR 51.851 of

the general conformity rule, the State of

Ohio is required to submit a SIP

revision containing transportation

conformity criteria and procedures

consistent with those established in the

Federal rule by November 25, 1994, and

November 30, 1994, respectively. Ohio

submitted transportation and general

conformity SIP revisions on August 17,

1995. The USEPA has not yet approved

the transportation conformity rules as

part of the SIP. Final rulemaking on the

general conformity rules is expected

soon.

The USEPA believes it is reasonable

to interpret the conformity requirements

as not being applicable requirements for

purposes of evaluating the redesignation

request under section 107(d). The

rationale for this is based on a

combination of two factors. First, the

requirement to submit SIP revisions to

comply with the conformity provisions

of the Act continue to apply to areas

after redesignation to attainment, since

such areas would be subject to a section

175A maintenance plan. Therefore, the

State remains obligated to adopt the

transportation and general conformity

rules even after redesignation and

would risk sanctions for failure to do so.

While redesignation of an area to

attainment enables the area to avoid

further compliance with most

requirements of section 110 and part D,

since those requirements are linked to

the nonattainment status of an area, the

conformity requirements apply to both

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nonattainment and maintenance areas.

Second, USEPA's federal conformity

rules require the performance of

conformity analyses in the absence of

state-adopted rules. Therefore, a delay

in adopting State rules does not relieve

an area from the obligation to

implement conformity requirements.

Because areas are subject to the

conformity requirements regardless of

whether they are redesignated to

attainment and must implement

conformity under Federal rules if State

rules are not yet adopted, the USEPA

believes it is reasonable to view these

requirements as not being applicable

requirements for purposes of evaluating

a redesignation request.

For the reasons just discussed, the

USEPA believes that the ozone

redesignation request for the CAL area

may be approved notwithstanding the

lack of fully approved State

transportation and general conformity

rules. This policy was also exercised in

the Tampa, Florida ozone redesignation

finalized on December 7, 1995 (60 FR

62748).

(19) Comments: A commenter argued

that the submission is defective under

section 107(d)(3) because of the absence

of a complete and fully approved

implementation plan. The commenter

asserted that USEPA cannot excuse

Ohio's failure to submit required SIP

revisions coming due after the

November 15, 1994 filing of the

redesignation request. The commenter

complained that USEPA in its proposal

was illegally attempting to rectify gaps

by waiving applicability of necessary

SIP requirements, including the

requirements of 15 percent RFP,

attainment demonstration, and

contingency measures. Under section

107(d)(3)(E)(ii), a nonattainment area

may be redesignated only after USEPA

has fully approved the applicable

implementation plan for the area under

section 110(k).

Under the APA, the Administrator

may not suspend applicability of SIP

requirements except by redesignation

pursuant to 107(d)(e)(E). This can be

done only if USEPA has fully approved

the SIP under 110(k). See

107(d)(3)(E)(iii). Congress allotted

USEPA no discretion in determining

what constitutes the applicable plan,

but directed it to look at section l10(k),

which does not give the Administrator

authority to decide what constitutes the

"applicable requirements of this Act."

Under section 107(d), the Administrator

can only grant a request to redesignate

to attainment if the state has met all

applicable requirements under section

110 and Part D, and after the state has

adopted a complete implementation

plan.

(19) Response: USEPA has not

suspended or granted the CAL an

exemption from any applicable

requirements. Rather, USEPA has

interpreted the requirements of section

182(b)(1)(A)(i) and 172 (c)(9) as not being

applicable once an area has attained the

standard, as long as it continues to do

so. This is not a waiver of requirements

that by their terms clearly apply; it is a

determination that certain requirements

are written so as to be operative only if

the area is not attaining the standard.

The May 10 Policy was clear about

the consequences of the policy for

redesignations. First, it made plain that

a determination of attainment is not

tantamount to a redesignation of an area

to attainment. Attainment is only one of

the criteria set forth in 107(d)(3)(E). To

be redesignated, the State must satisfy

all of the criteria of 107(d)(3)(E),

including the requirement of a

demonstration that the improvement in

the area's air quality is due to

permanent and enforceable reductions,

and the requirements that the area have

a fully-approved SIP which meets all of

the applicable section 110 and part D

requirements, and a fully approved

maintenance plan.

Upon a determination of attainment,

however, the 182(b)(1)(A)(i)

requirements of RFP and attainment

plans, and the 172(c)(9) requirement of

contingency plans are no longer

considered applicable requirements

under section 107(d)(3)(E). They would

no longer be included among those

measures whose approval is part of the

requirement of having a fully approved

SIP.

A commenter contended that, by

relying upon its determination of

attainment, USEPA is avoiding the

redesignation requirements of 107(d).

This is not the case. What USEPA has

done is make a determination that since

the area is attaining the standard, which

is a factual determination, certain

provisions of the CAA, whose express

purpose is to achieve attainment of the

standard, do not require SIP revisions to

be made by the State for so long as the

area continues to attain the standard.

This has long been USEPA's policy with

respect to the section 172(c)(9)

contingency measures and section

172(c)(2) RFP requirement. See general

preamble at 57 FR 13498. USEPA has

also made determinations regarding

section 182(f) NOx waivers at or before

the redesignation of an area and

therefore not required NOx RACT

submissions to approve such

redesignations. See the Bay Area

redesignation at 59 FR 49361.

USEPA disagrees with the

commentor's analysis of the language

and structure of the CAA. USEPA's

statutory analysis was explained in

detail in the June 8, 1995 direct final

rule and in the May 10, 1995

memorandum from John Seitz. USEPA

further elaborated upon this analysis,

and responded to many of the concerns

raised by the plaintiffs, in its final

determination of attainment of Ozone

Standard for Salt Lake and Davis

Counties, Utah, and Determination

Regarding Applicability of Certain

Reasonable Further Progress and

Attainment Demonstration

Requirements. See 60 FR 36,723 (July

18, 1995). To the extent here pertinent,

such portions of that notice, including

the responses to comments, are

incorporated herein by reference.

Thus, USEPA disagrees with the

commentors' view that USEPA is not

complying with all the redesignation

requirements of 107(d)(3)(E). The area

has a fully approved plan for and has

met all applicable requirements. USEPA

has interpreted SIP submission

requirements of section 182(b)(1)

regarding reasonable further progress

and attainment demonstration plans,

and of section 172(c)(9) regarding

contingency measures to be

implemented in the event an area fails

to make reasonable further progress or

attain the standard by the attainment

date, not to apply for so long as the area

continues to attain the standard. Since

they are not applicable, fulfillment of

these requirements is not necessary to

meet the redesignation criteria of

107(d)(3)(E).

The commenter challenges USEPA's

authority to determine certain SIP

requirements inapplicable, and then

bootstraps that argument to complain

that since CAL has not met these

requirements, the redesignation request

only partially fulfills 107(d)(E)(v). The

commenter argues that this is because

the state has not met all "applicable"

requirements under section 110 and Part

D; but the requirements it points to are

the very ones that USEPA has

determined are inapplicable.

USEPA rejects this kind of circular

argument. Since USEPA has determined

that the statute does not require certain

submissions so long as the area is in

attainment, those inapplicable

requirements cannot serve as the basis

for concluding that the redesignation

request is defective. Under the criteria

of section 107(d)(E)(3) itself, a state need

only meet all applicable requirements,

and have a fully approved plan that

contains all required elements. Thus

USEPA's interpretation is fully

consistent with the criteria of section

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107(d)(3). Since USEPA has determined

that the 15%, attainment demonstration,

and contingency plan requirements are

not applicable to CAL, and has found

the SIP to be fully approvable without

them, the CAL area has fairly met the

criteria of section 107(d)(3). Certainly

USEPA, after determining that these

requirements are inapplicable, could not

in good faith conclude that the

redesignation request is defective

because it fails to meet them.

Thus USEPA concludes that, where it

has made a determination of attainment

that results in the suspension of

requirements, it may rely on that

determination and its consequences in

considering the approvability of a

redesignation request.

For the reasons stated above and

elsewhere in this Notice, in the June 29,

1995 Federal Register notices (60 FR

3372, 33781), in the May 10, 1995

memorandum, and in the 60 FR 36,723

(July 18, 1995) Utah notice, USEPA does

not believe that the rulemaking violates

any section of the CAA, nor does it

circumvent the redesignation

requirements under section 107(d)(3)(E).

(20) Comment: Citizens Commissions

for Clean Air in the Lake Michigan Area

stated that USEPA's action is not a

reasonable interpretation of USEPA's

nondiscretionary mandate "to protect

and enhance the quality of the Nation's

air resources so as to promote the public

health and welfare and the productive

capacity of its population[.]}. section

101 (b)(1).

(20) Response: The USEPA disagrees

with the commentor's statement that its

action violates section 101(b)(1). Section

101(b)(1) does not establish a

nondiscretionary duty; it is a statement

of purpose-a purpose that USEPA is

not disregarding in this action. the area

has attained the primary ozone

standard, a standard designed to protect

public health with an adequate margin

of safety. (see section 109(b)(1)).

USEPA's action does not relax any of

the requirements that have led to the

attainment of the standard. Rather, its

action has the effect of suspending

requirements, for additional pollution

reductions, above and beyond those that

have resulted in the attainment of the

health-based standard.

(21) Comm ent: A commentor asserts

that USEPA's action violates the

Administrative Procedure Act and the

CAA through its reliance on

unpublished memoranda of John

Calcagni and John Seitz and the General

Preamble for the Implementation of

Title I of the Clean Air Act Amendments

of 1990, 57 FR 13498 (April 16, 1992).

According to the commentor, reliance

on those documents is inappropriate

and illegal since those documents were

issued without opportunity for notice

and comment and are not enforceable

regulations.

(21) Response: USEPA's reference to

and reliance on those documents, all of

which are either published or publicly

available and a part of the record of this

rulemaking, is in no way illegal under

provisions of either the CAA or the

Administrative Procedures Act. (The

commentor cited no specific provisions

of either act). USEPA agrees that such

documents do not establish enforceable

regulations; they do not purport to be

anything but guidance. That is precisely

why USEPA has performed this

rulemaking-a notice-and-comment

rulemaking to take comment on its

statutory interpretations and factual

determinations in order to make a

binding and enforceable determination

regarding the CAL area. The June 29,

1995 Federal Register notice referred to

USEPA's prior policy memoranda not as

binding the Agency to adopt the

interpretations being proposed therein,

but rather as a useful description of the

rationale underlying those proposed

interpretations. USEPA has explained

the legal and factual basis for its

rulemaking in the June 29, 1995 Federal

Register notice and afforded the public

a full opportunity to comment on

USEPA's proposed interpretation and

determination fully consistent with the

applicable procedural requirements of

the Administrative Procedures Act. (The

procedural requirements of section

307(d) of the CAA do not apply to this

rulemaking since it is not among the

rulemakings listed in section 307(d)(1).)

(22) Comment: USEPA claims that, in

accordance with the October 1994

Nichols memorandum, "that areas being

redesignated need not comply with the

requirement that a NSR program be

approved prior to redesignation so

[long] as they have an approved

Prevention of Significant Deterioration

(PSD) SIP or delegated PSD authority."

60 FR at 31439. USEPA apparently

believes it can replace NSR with PSD,

but the CAA does not grant the

Administrator such discretion.

(22) Response: The USEPA believes

that the CAL area may be redesignated

to attainment notwithstanding the lack

of a fully-approved NSR program

meeting the requirements of the 1990

Act amendments and the absence of

such an NSR program from the

contingency plan. This view, while a

departure from past policy, has been set

forth by the USEPA as its new policy in

a memorandum from Mary Nichols,

Assistant Administrator for Air and

Radiation, dated October 14, 1994,

entitled Part D New Source Review (part

D NSR) Requirements forAreas

Requesting Redesignation to

Attainment.

The USEPA believes that its decision

not to insist on a fully-approved NSR

program as a prerequisite to

redesignation is justifiable as an

exercise of the Agency's general

authority to establish de minimis

exceptions to statutory requirements.

See Alabama Power Co. v. Costle, 636

F.2d 323, 360-61 (D.C. Cir. 1979). Under

Alabama Power Co. v. Costle, the

USEPA has the authority to establish de

minimis exceptions to statutory

requirements where the application of

the statutory requirements would be of

trivial or no value environmentally.

In this context, the issue presented is

whether the USEPA has the authority to

establish an exception to the

requirements of section 107(d)(3)(E) that

the USEPA have fully-approved a SIP

meeting all of the requirements

applicable to the area under section 110

and part D of title I of the Act. Plainly,

the NSR provisions of section 110 and

part D are requirements that were

applicable to the Ohio area seeking

redesignation at the time of the

submission of the request for

redesignation. Thus, on its face, section

107(d)(3)(E) would seem to require that

the State have submitted and the

USEPA have fully-approved a part D

NSR program meeting the requirements

of the Act before the areas could be

redesignated to attainment.

Under the USEPA's de minimis

authority, however, it may establish an

exception to an otherwise plain

statutory requirement if its fulfillment

would be of little or no environmental

value. In this context, it is necessary to

determine what would be achieved by

insisting that there be a fully-approved

part D NSR program in place prior to the

redesignation of the CAL area. For the

following reasons, the USEPA believes

that requiring the adoption and fullapproval of a part D NSR program prior

to redesignation would not be of

significant environmental value in this

case.

Ohio has demonstrated that

maintenance of the ozone National

Ambient Air Quality Standards

(NAAQS) will occur even if the

emission reductions expected to result

from the part D NSR program do not

occur. The emission projections made

by Ohio to demonstrate maintenance of

the NAAQS considered growth in point

source emissions (along with growth for

other source categories) and were

premised on the assumption that the

Prevention of Significant Deterioration

(PSD) program, rather than the part D

NSR, would be in effect, during the

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maintenance period. Under NSR,

significant point source emissions

growth would not occur. Michigan

assumed that NSR would not apply after

redesignation to attainment, and

therefore, assumed source growth

factors based on projected growth in the

economy and in the area's population.

(It should be noted that the growth

factors assumed may be overestimates

under PSD, which would restrain source

growth through the application of best

available control techniques.) Thus,

contrary to the assertion of the

commentor, Ohio has demonstrated that

there is no need to retain the part D NSR

as an operative program in the SIP

during the maintenance period in order

to provide for continued maintenance of

the NAAQS. (If this demonstration had

not been made, NSR would have had to

have been retained in the SIP as an

operative program since it would have

been needed to maintain the ozone

standard.)

The other purpose that requiring the

full-approval of a part D NSR program

might serve would be to ensure that

NSR would become a contingency

provision in the maintenance plan

required for these areas by section

107(d)(3)(E)(iv) and 175A(d). These

provisions require that, for an area to be

redesignated to attainment, it must

receive full approval of a maintenance

plan containing "such contingency

provisions as the Administrator deems

necessary to assure that the State will

promptly correct any violation of the

standard which occurs after the

redesignation of the area as an

attainment area. Such provisions shall

include a requirement that the State will

implement all measures with respect to

the control of the air pollutant

concerned which were contained in the

SIP for the area before redesignation of

the area as an attainment area." Based

on this language, it is apparent that

whether an approved NSR program

must be included as a contingency

provision depends on whether it is a "measure" for the control of the

pertinent air pollutants.

As the USEPA noted in the proposal

regarding this redesignation request, the

term "measure" is not defined in

section 175A(d) and Congress utilized

that term differently in different

provisions of the Act with respect to the

PSD and NSR permitting programs. For

example, in section 1 10(a)(2)(A),

Congress required that SIPs include

"enforceable emission limitations and

other control measures, means, or

techniques . . . as may be necessary or

appropriate to meet the applicable

requirements of the Act." In section

110(a)(2)(C), Congress required that SIPs

include "a program to provide for the

enforcement of the measures described

in subparagraph (A), and regulation of

the modification and construction of

any stationary source within the areas

covered by the plan as necessary to

assure that NAAQS are achieved,

including a permit program as required

in parts C and D." (Emphasis added.) If

the term measures as used in section

110 (a)(2)(A) and (c) had been intended

to include PSD and NSR there would

have been no point to requiring that

SIPs include both measures and

preconstruction review under parts C

and D (PSD or NSR). Unless "measures"

referred to something other than

preconstruction review under parts C

and D, the reference to preconstruction

review programs in section 1 10(a)(2)(C)

would be rendered mere surplusage.

Thus, in section 110(a)(2) (A) and (C), it

is apparent that Congress distinguished "measures" from preconstruction

review. On the other hand, in other

provisions of the Act, such as section

161, Congress appeared to include PSD

within the scope of the term

"measures."

The USEPA believes that the fact that

Congress used the undefined term

"measure" differently in different

sections of the Act is germane. This

indicates that the term is susceptible to

more than one interpretation and that

the USEPA has the discretion to

interpret it in a reasonable manner in

the context of section 175A. Inasmuch

as Congress itself has used the term in

a manner that excluded PSD and NSR

from its scope, the USEPA believes it is

reasonable to interpret "measure," as

used in section 175A(d), not to include

NSR. That this is a reasonable

interpretation is further supported by

the fact that PSD, a program that is the

corollary of part D NSR for attainment

areas, goes into effect in lieu of part D

NSR.3 This distinguishes NSR from

other required programs under the Act,

such as inspection and maintenance and

3 The USEPA is not suggesting that NSR and PSD

are equivalent, but merely that they are the same

type of program. The PSD program is a requirement

in attainment areas and designed to allow new

source permitting, yet contains adequate provisions

to protect the NAAQS. If any information including

preconstruction monitoring, indicates that an area

is not continuing to meet the NAAQS after

redesignation to attainment, 40 CFR part 51

appendix S (Interpretive Offset Rule) or a 40 CFR

51.165(b) program would apply. The USEPA

believes that in any area that is designated or

redesignated as attainment under section 107, but

experiences violations of the NAAQS, these

provisions should be interpreted as requiring major

new or modified sources to obtain VOC emission

offsets of at least a 1:1 ratio, and as presuming that

1:1 NOx offsets are necessary. See October 14, 1994

memorandum from Mary Nichols entitled Part D

New Source Review (part D NSR) Requirements for

Areas Requesting Redesignation to A ttainment.

Reasonably Available Control

Technology (RACT) programs, which

have no corollary for attainment areas.

Moreover, the USEPA believes that

those other required programs are

clearly within the scope of the term

"measure." 4

The USEPA's logic in treating part D

NSR in this manner does not mean that

other applicable part D requirements,

including those that have been

previously met and previously relied

upon in demonstrating attainment,

could be eliminated without an analysis

demonstrating that maintenance would

be protected. As noted above, Ohio has

demonstrated that maintenance would

be protected with PSD in effect, rather

than part D NSR. Thus, the USEPA is

not permitting part D NSR to be

removed without a demonstration that

maintenance of the standard will be

achieved. Moreover, the USEPA has not

amended its policy with respect to the

conversion of other SIP elements to

contingency provisions, which is that

they may be converted to contingency

provisions only upon a showing that

maintenance will be achieved without

them being in effect. Finally, as noted

above, the USEPA believes that the NSR

requirement differs from other

requirements, and does not believe that

the rationale for the NSR exception

extends to other required programs.

As the USEPA has recently changed

its policy, the position taken in this

action is consistent with the USEPA's

current national policy. That policy

permits redesignation to proceed

without otherwise required NSR

programs having been fully approved

and converted to contingency

provisions provided that the area

demonstrates, as has been done in this

case, that maintenance will be achieved

with the application of PSD rather than

part D NSR.

(23) Comment: A violation does not

occur until the third "exceedance", this

is deceptive and doesn't help people get

information that the air is polluted.

Even though .124 ppm is above the

"standard" of 0.12 ppm; because of

rounding that terrible air wouldn't even

be counted as an exceedances or

violation.

4 The USEPA also notes that in the case of the

Cleveland, Ohio area, all permits to install for major

volatile organic compound (VOC) emission sources

and major VOC emission source modifications

issued by the State in the moderate ozone

nonattainment areas since November 15, 1992 have

complied with the 1.15 to 1.0 VOC emissions offset

ratio. In addition, permits to install cannot be

issued under the Prevention of Significant

Deterioration (PSD) program unless the applicant

can demonstrate that the increased emissions from

the new or modified source will not result in a

violation of the NAAQS.

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Cleveland -Akron -Lorain's ozone

monitors are not on all year. We should

be monitoring year-round. We get

unusual weather in northeast Ohio.

We've had temperatures in the 80's

during every month when we are not

required by law to monitor. If we had

a violation during these months (we

have had extreme haze then and lots of

emergency room visits from respiratory

patients), we have no way of knowing,

so these days don't count, either. I am

against the redesignation of ClevelandAkron-Lorain for these reasons.

(23) Response: Published guidance

(Guideline for the Interpretation of

Ozone Air Quality Standards, January

1979, EPA-450/4-79-003), which is

part of the ozone standard by reference

in 40 CFR part 50, appendix H, notes

that the stated level of the standard is

determined by defining the number of

significant figures to be used in

comparison with the standard. For

example, a standard level of 0.12 ppm

means that measurements are to be

rounded to two decimal places (0.005

rounds up), and therefore, 0.125 ppm is

the smallest three-decimal

concentration value in excess of the

level of the standard that is considered

an exceedance.

Since ozone levels decrease

significantly in the colder parts of the

year in many areas, ozone is required to

be monitored at monitors only during

the "ozone season" which is listed in

Appendix D to 40 CFR part 58 for Ohio

as April through October. This seasonal

definition was initially set in 1986

based on temperature data. Months

where the monthly mean daily

maximum temperature is less than 55

degrees Fahrenheit were generally

excluded from the season. In ClevelandAkron-Lorain, this occurs from

November through March. In different

areas of the country where months are

cooler than 55 degrees Fahrenheit,

ozone concentrations greater than .08

ppm are unlikely to occur. In addition

actual ozone monitoring data for the

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain area collected

from 1987 though 1994 for the months

of April and October show only three

recorded concentrations above .100

parts per million. The highest

monitored concentration was .109 parts

per million during October 1992. The

ozone NAAQS of .12 ppm was not

exceeded in the Cleveland -Akron -Lorain

area for the months of April and October

from 1987 though 1994. Given the

generally lower temperatures of the

other winter months compared to April

and October, it is expected that these

months would not have monitored an

exceedance of the ozone NAAQS.

(24) Comment: A commenter was

concerned that because of the

redesignation to attainment the area

would become exempt from congestion

mitigation and air quality (CMAQ)

funds which local transit agencies relied

on for new buses and expanded service

thus increasing air pollution.

(24) Response: The federal CMAQ

program is designed to give additional

money for air quality nonattainment

areas to use on transportation projects

that will improve the air quality and

bring the area into attainment of the air

quality standards. The United States

Department of Transportation (USDOT)

revised their CMAQ guidance on July

13, 1995, to allow redesignated areas to

have a 2 year transition period to insure

continuity in CMAQ funding for

projects which are programmed in the

first 2 years of the transportation

improvement program at the time the

area is redesignated to attainment.

Although Cleveland -Akron -Lorain will

lose the additional CMAQ funds after

the 2-year transitional period, the

projects already programmed for

funding will now be able to continue

implementation. Air pollution is not

expected to increase because the stricter

standards for new cleaner cars, trucks

and buses will help to decrease

pollutant emissions. The USEPA

believes the air pollution emissions will

thus continue to decrease or at least

maintain the levels that have brought

the area into attainment.

(25) Comment: The 15% plan

approved for Greater Cleveland -AkronLorain fell short of the required

reduction because the area did not

choose to do reformulated gasoline. The

area has not met this requirement and

should not be redesignated.

(25) Response: USEPA determined

that, based on USEPA's determination

of attainment, the requirement for a

15% reduction in volatile organic

emissions in the area is no longer

applicable. See the final action also

contained in this final rulemaking.

Since this is no longer an applicable

requirement, the area is not required to

meet it before the CAL area can be

redesignated. The 15% reduction plan

that was submitted for the CAL area did

not rely on reformulated gasoline to

achieve the emissions reduction.

(26) Comment: Several commenters

believed there was a potential conflict of

interest when the same entity (i.e. the

City of Cleveland) does the monitoring

and also applies for redesignation.

(26) Response: The ambient air data

collected by State and local agencies are

required to meet very specific quality

assurance measures that are detailed in

40 CFR 58.10 and appendix A. The

USEPA Quality Assurance manual gives

more detailed guidance on operation of

ambient air monitors. The USEPA

audits the State and local agencies on a

regular basis to ascertain that the

appropriate quality assurance measures

are being implemented. In the case of

the Cleveland local agency, the State air

agency (Ohio Environmental Protection

Agency) is responsible for conducting

accuracy audits on the air monitoring

equipment being operated by the

Cleveland local agency. In addition, the

USEPA conducts audits of the air

monitoring network. Precision and

Accuracy audits are reported on a

regular basis to the USEPA and recorded

in the national AIRS data bank. This

information is available to the public.

This oversight ensures the quality of the

data relied upon for redesignation.

III. RulemakingAction

On June 29, 1995, USEPA proposed to

determine that the 15% plan, attainment

demonstration, and contingency

measures plan for the Cleveland -AkronLorain area are no longer applicable

requirements, since the area has

attained the ozone NAAQS. The USEPA

received several comments pertaining to

the proposed rulemaking. These

comments were considered and

responses are detailed in the above

section of the rulemaking on the

determination of attainment. USEPA

believes that the determination of

attainment is still warranted and is

taking final action to determine that the

requirements for a 15% emissions

reduction plan, attainment

demonstration, and contingency

measures plan are not applicable at this

time.

On June 15, 1995, USEPA proposed to

approve the OEPA request for

redesignation to attainment and the

maintenance plan for ozone for the CAL

moderate nonattainment area counties

of Lorain, Cuyahoga, Lake, Ashtabula,

Geauga, Medina, Summit, and Portage.

The USEPA received about 50 comment

letters pertaining to the proposed

rulemaking. The comments were

considered and responses are detailed

in the above section of the rulemaking

on the ozone redesignation request. The

USEPA believes that the redesignation

requirements of Section 107(d) are

satisfied and is taking final action to

approve the requests for redesignation

to attainment and the maintenance plan

for the CAL counties of Lorain,

Cuyahoga, Lake, Ashtabula, Geauga,

Medina, Summit, and Portage.

IV. Boilerplate Regulatory Language

USEPA finds that there is good cause

for this redesignation, SIP revision, and

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determination of attainment to become

effective immediately upon publication

because a delayed effective date is

unnecessary due to the nature of a

redesignation to attainment,

determination of attainment, which

exempts the areas from certain Clean

Air Act requirements that would other

wise apply to it. The immediate

effective date for this redesignation is

authorized under both 5 U.S.C.

553(d)(1), which provides that

rulemaking actions may become

effective less than 30 days after

publication if the rule "grants or

recognizes an exemption or relieves a

restriction" and section 553(d)(3),

which allows an effective date less than

30 days after publication "as otherwise

provided by the agency for good cause

found and published with the rule."

Nothing in this action should be

construed as permitting, allowing or

establishing a precedent for any future

request for revision to any SIP. USEPA

shall consider each request for revision

to the SIP in light of specific technical,

economic, and environmental factors

and in relation to relevant statutory and

regulatory requirements.

This action has been classified as a

Table 3 action for signature by the

Regional Administrator under the

procedures published in the Federal

Register on January 19, 1989 (54 FR

2214-2225), as revised by a July 10,

1995, memorandum from Mary Nichols,

Assistant Administrator for Air and

Radiation. The Office of Management

and Budget (OMB) has exempted this

regulatory action from Executive Order

12866 review.

Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act,

5 U.S.C. 600 et seq., USEPA must

prepare a regulatory flexibility analysis

assessing the impact of any proposed or

final rule on small entities (5 U.S.C. 603

and 604). Alternatively, USEPA may

certify that the rule will not have a

significant impact on a substantial

number of small entities. Small entities

include small businesses, small not-forprofit enterprises, and government

entities with jurisdiction over

populations of less than 50,000.

Redesignation of an area to attainment

under section 107(d)(3)(E) of the CAA

does not impose any new requirements

on small entities. Redesignation is an

action that affects the status of a

geographical area and does not impose

any regulatory requirements on sources.

The Administrator certifies that the

approval of the redesignation request

will not affect a substantial number of

small entities.

SIP approvals under section 110 and

subchapter I, Part D of the CAA do not

create any new requirements, but

simply approve requirements that the

State is already imposing. Therefore,

because the federal SIP-approval does

not impose any new requirements, I

certify that it does not have a significant

impact on any small entities affected.

Moreover, due to the nature of the

federal-state relationship under the

CAA, preparation of a regulatory

flexibility analysis would constitute

federal inquiry into the economic

reasonableness of state action. The CAA

forbids USEPA to base its actions

concerning SIPs on such grounds.

Union Electric Co. v. U.S. E.P.A., 427

U.S. 246, 256-66 (S.Ct. 1976); 42 U.S.C.

7410(a)(2).

Under sections 202, 203, and 205 of

the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of

1995 (Unfunded Mandates Act), signed

into law on March 22, 1995, USEPA

must undertake various actions in

association with proposed or final rules

that include a Federal mandate that may

result in estimated costs of $100 million

or more to the private sector, or to State,

local, or tribal governments in the

aggregate.

Through submission of the state

implementation plan or plan revisions

approved in this action, the State and

any affected local or tribal governments

have elected to adopt the program

provided for under section 175A of the

Clean Air Act. The rules and

commitments being proposed for

approval in this action may bind State,

local and tribal governments to perform

certain actions and also may ultimately

lead to the private sector being required

to perform certain duties. To the extent

that the rules and commitments being

proposed for approval by this action

will impose or lead to the imposition of

any mandate upon the State, local or

tribal governments either as the owner

or operator of a source or as a regulator,

or would impose or lead to the

imposition of any mandate upon the

private sector, USEPA's action will

impose no new requirements; such

sources are already subject to these

requirements under State law.

Accordingly, no additional costs to

State, local, or tribal governments, or to

the private sector, result from this

action. The USEPA has also determined

that this action does not include a

mandate that may result in estimated

costs of $100 million or more to State,

local, or tribal governments in the

aggregate or to the private sector.

Under section 307(b)(1) of the Clean

Air Act, petitions for judicial review of

this action must be filed in the United

States Court of Appeals for the

appropriate circuit by July 8, 1996.

Filing a petition for reconsideration by

the Administrator of this final rule does

not affect the finality of this rule for the

purposes of judicial review nor does it

extend the time within which a petition

for judicial review may be filed, and

shall not postpone the effectiveness of

such rule or action. This action may not

be challenged later in proceedings to

enforce its requirements. (See section

307(b)(2).)

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52

Air pollution control, Nitrogen

Oxides, Ozone, Volatile organic

compounds.

40 CFR Part 81

Air pollution control.

Dated: April 4, 1996.

Valdas V. Adamkus,

Regional A dm inistrator.

Chapter I, Title 40 of the Code of

Federal Regulations is amended as

follows:

PART 52-[AMENDED]

1. The authority citation for Part 52

continues to read as follows:

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 767 1q.

2. Section 52.1885 is amended by

adding paragraphs (b)(10) and (w) to

read as follows:

§52.1885 Control Strategy: Ozone.

(b)* * *

(9) Lorain, Cuyahoga, Lake, Ashtabula,

Geauga, Medina, Summit, and

Portage Counties.

(w) Determination-USEPA is

determining that, as of May 7, 1996, the

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain ozone

nonattainment area (which includes the

Counties of Ashtabula, Cuyahoga,

Geauga, Lake, Lorain, Medina, Portage

and Summit) have attained the ozone

standard and that the reasonable further

progress and attainment demonstration

requirements of section 182(b)(1) and

related requirements of section 172(c)(9)

of the Clean Air Act do not apply to the

area.

PART 81-DESIGNATION OF AREAS

FOR AIR QUALITY PLANNING

PURPOSES-OHIO

1. The authority citation for part 81

continues to read as follows:

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 767 1q.

2. In § 81.336 the ozone table is

amended by revising the entry for the

Cleveland -Akron -Lorain Area to read as

follows:

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§81.336 Ohio.

OHIO-OZONE

Designation Classification

Designated area

Date 1 Type Date 1 Type

Cleveland-Akron-Lorain Area ................................................................... M ay 7, 1996 ....... Attainm ent.

Ashtabula County

Cuyahoga County

Geauga County

Lake County

Lorain County

Medina County

Portage County

Summit County

This date is November 15, 1990 unless otherwise noted.

[ER Doc. 96 11133 Filed 5 6 96; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6560-50-P

40 CFR Part 300

[FRL-5468-7]

National Oil and Hazardous

Substances Contingency Plan;

National Priorities List Update

AGENCY: Environmental Protection

Agency.

ACTION: Notice of Deletion of the East

Bethel Demolition Landfill Superfund

Site from the National Priorities List

(NPL).

SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA) announces the deletion of

the East Bethel Demolition Landfill site

in Anoka, Minnesota from the National

Priorities List (NPL). The NPL is

Appendix B of 40 CFR Part 300 which

is the National Oil and Hazardous

Substances Contingency Plan (NCP),

which EPA promulgated pursuant to

Section 105 of the Comprehensive

Environmental Response,

Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980

(CERCLA), as amended. EPA and the

State of Minnesota have determined that

all appropriate Fund-financed responses

under CERCLA have been implemented

and that no further response by

responsible parties under CERCLA is

appropriate.

EFFECTIVE DATE: May 7, 1996.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Rita

Garner-Davis at (312) 886-2440,

Associate Remedial Project Manager,

Superfund Division, U.S. EPA-Region

V, 77 West Jackson Blvd., Chicago, IL

60604. Information on the site is

available at: EPA Region V docket room

at the above address and at the East

Bethel City Hall and the Minnesota

Pollution Control Agency Public

Library, 520 Lafayette RD. St. Paul, MN

55155-4194.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The site to

be deleted from the NPL is the East

Bethel Demolition Landfill Site in

Anoka County, Minnesota. A Notice of

Intent to Delete was published March

13, 1996, (61 FR 10298) for this site. The

closing date for comments on the Notice

of Intent to Delete was April 12, 1996.

EPA received no comments.

The EPA identifies sites which appear

to present a significant risk to public

health, welfare, or the environment and

it maintains the NPL as the list of those

sites. Sites on the NPL may be the

subject of Hazardous Substance

Response Trust Fund-financed remedial

actions. Any site deleted from the NPL

remains eligible for Fund-financed

remedial actions in the unlikely event

that conditions at the site warrant such

action. Section 300.425(e)(3) of the NCP

states that Fund-financed actions may

be taken at sites deleted from the NPL

in the unlikely event that conditions at

the site warrant such action. Deletion of

a site from the NPL does not affect

responsible party liability or impede

Agency efforts to recover costs

associated with response efforts.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 300

Environmental protection, Hazardous

Waste, Chemicals, Hazardous

substances, Reporting and

recordkeeping requirements, Superfund,

Water pollution control, Water supply.

Dated: April 22, 1996.

David A. Ulirich,

Acting Regional A dministrator, U.S. EPA,

Region V.

40 CFR part 300 is amended as

follows:

PART 300-[AMENDED]

1. The authority citation for part 300

continues to read as follows:

Authority: 33 U.S.C. 1321(c)(2); 42 U.S.C.

9601 9657; E.O. 12777, 56 FR 54757, 3 CFR,

1991 Comp.; p.351; E.O. 12580, 52 FR 2923,

3 CFR, 1987 Comp.; p. 193.

Appendix B-[Amended]

2. Table 1 of appendix B to part 300

is amended by removing the East Bethel

Demolition Landfill Site, East Bethel

Township, Minnesota.P

[ER Doc. 96 11218 Filed 5 6 96; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6560-50-P

40 CFR Part 355

[Docket 300 PQ-R2; FRL-5468-5]

RIN 2050-AD50

Extremely Hazardous Substances

AGENCY: Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Final rule.

SUMMARY: Today, EPA is implementing

one of its regulatory reform

commitments set forth in its June 1,

1995, Report to the President. EPA is

taking final action on two proposed

rules that modify the extremely

hazardous substances (EHS) list and

reportable quantities under section 302

of the Emergency Planning and

Community Right-to-Know Act of 1986

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(EPCRA), Title III of the Superfund

Amendments and Reauthorization Act

of 1986. EPA is raising the statutory

reportable quantities (RQs) for 202

EHSs. EPA is also removing four

chemicals that do not meet the listing

criteria from the EHS list. Through these

actions, the Agency is reducing the

burden of reporting for facilities

presently required to report certain

releases unnecessarily. Protection of

human health and the environment is

maintained while better focusing

attention on releases that may require a

response by state and/or local

authorities.

EFFECTIVE DATE: July 8, 1996.

ADDRESSES:

Docket: Copies of materials relevant to

this rulemaking are contained in the

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

CERCLA Docket Office, Crystal Gateway

#1, 1st Floor, 1235 Jefferson Davis

Highway, Arlington, VA 22202 [Docket

Number 300 PQ-R2]. The docket is

available for inspection between the

hours of 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday

through Friday, excluding Federal

holidays. Appointments to review the

docket can be made by calling 703/603-

9232. The public may copy a maximum

of 266 pages from any regulatory docket

at no cost. If the number of pages copied

exceeds 266, however, an administrative

fee of $25 and a charge of $0.15 per page

for each page after page 266 will be

incurred. The docket will mail copies of

materials to requestors who are outside

of the Washington, DC metropolitan

area.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: The

RCRA/UST, Superfund, and EPCRA

Hotline at 800/424-9346 (in the

Washington, DC metropolitan area,

contact 703/486-3323). The

Telecommunications Device for the Deaf

(TDD) Hotline number is 800/553-7672

(in the Washington, DC metropolitan

area, contact 703/412-9810); or John

Ferris, Chemical Engineer, Chemical

Emergency Preparedness and

Prevention Office (5101), U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency, 401

M Street S.W., Washington, DC 20460,

or at (202) 260-4043.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Regulated entities. Regulated

categories and entities include:

Category Regulated entities

Industry ...................... All facilities handling chemicals on the extremely hazardous substances list may be subject to this regulation.

Federal Government Executive Order 12856 requires all federal agencies to comply with sections 302 and 304 of EPCRA.

State and Local Gov- State emergency response commissions and local emergency planning committees receive the information provided

ernments. under EPCRA section 304. State/local government facilities handling chemicals on the extremely hazardous substances list may be subject to this regulation.

This table is not intended to be

exhaustive, but rather provide a guide

for readers regarding entities likely to be

regulated by this action. To determine

whether your facility is regulated by this

action, you should carefully examine

the applicability criteria in section

355.40 of title 40 of the Code of Federal

Regulations. If you have questions

regarding the applicability of this action

to a particular entity, consult the person

listed in the preceding FOR FURTHER

INFORMATION CONTACT section.

Contents: The contents of today's

preamble are listed in the following

outline:

I. Introduction

a. Statutory Authority

b. Background

c. Today's Rulemaking

II. RQ Adjustment Methodology

a. TPQ methodology

b. CERCLA RQ methodology

c. Proposed methodology

d. Alternative chosen

III. Response to Comments on the August 30,

1989 Proposal

a. Reportable Quantities and Threshold

Planning Quantities

b. Sulfur Dioxide

c. Hydrogen Chloride/Hydrochloric Acid

d. Sulfur Trioxide

IV. Listing Corrections

V. Response to Comments on the October 12,

1994 Proposal

VI. Regulatory Analysis

a. Executive Order 12866

b. Regulatory Flexibility Act

c. Paperwork Reduction Act

d. Unfunded Mandates

I. Introduction

a. Statutory Authority

This regulation is issued under

sections 302, 304 and 328 of the

Emergency Planning and Community

Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA).

b. Background

On October 17, 1986, the President

signed into law the Superfund

Amendments and Reauthorization Act

of 1986 (SARA), Pub. L. 99-499 (1986).

Title III of SARA, the Emergency

Planning and Community Right-toKnow Act of 1986 (EPCRA), established

a program designed to encourage state

and local planning and preparedness for

spills or releases of extremely hazardous

substances and to provide the public

and local governments with information

concerning chemical releases and the

potential chemical risks in their

communities.

Subtitle A of the Act establishes the

framework for local emergency

planning. Under section 302, a facility

which has present an extremely

hazardous substance (EHS) in excess of

its threshold planning quantity (TPQ)

must notify its state emergency response

commission (SERC) and participate, as

necessary, with the local emergency

planning committee (LEPC) in the local

emergency planning process.

Section 302 directed EPA to publish

the list of extremely hazardous

substances as an interim final rule

within 30 days of the enactment of

EPCRA. Section 302(a)(2) required that

the list be identical to the list compiled

by EPA in 1985 as part of EPA's

Chemical Emergency Preparedness

Program. Under section 302(a)(4), EPA

is authorized to revise the list, but in

undertaking any such revision, EPA

must take into account the "toxicity,

reactivity, volatility, dispersibility,

combustibility, or flammability of a

substance." The term "toxicity" is

defined to include "any short- or longterm health effects which may result

from a short-term exposure to the

substance."

EPA published the list of 402

extremely hazardous substances on

November 17, 1986 (51 FR 41570). On

the same day, EPA proposed the

deletion of 40 substances from the EHS

list on the basis that their original listing

was in error. On April 22, 1987, 52 FR

13388, EPA announced that it was

deferring the proposed delisting of these

substances, pending an evaluation of the

long-term effects from short-term

exposure to each of them. This deferral

was in response to comments from

members of the public who argued that

the proposed rule was premature. On

November 23, 1987, the District Court

for the District of Columbia in A.L.

Laboratories, Inc. v. Environmental

Protection Agency issued an order

requiring EPA to remove several

substances from the EHS list, reasoning

that Congress did not intend to include

in the statutorily designated list

substances listed due to "clerical error."

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It is on the basis of this ruling that EPA

proposed on October 12, 1994 (59 FR

51816), the removal of four chemicals.

Section 304 of EPCRA establishes

requirements for immediate reporting of

certain releases of EHSs and hazardous

substances (HSs) listed under the

Comprehensive Environmental

Response, Compensation, and Liability

Act (CERCLA) to SERCs and LEPCs,

similar to the release reporting

provisions of CERCLA section 103.

Although similar, CERCLA section 103

and EPCRA section 304 differ somewhat

in purpose. CERCLA provides generally

for federal planning and coordination of

entities and for federal contingency

plans. CERCLA section 103 requires

federal notification for any release of a

hazardous substance in an amount equal

to or in excess of its RQ. EPCRA is

designed to protect the public in the

event of dangerous chemical releases

through the establishment of local and

state emergency response capability.

EPCRA section 304 requires, in addition

to any federal notification, notification

to state and local authorities for any

release of an EHS in an amount equal

to or in excess of its RQ. The potential

hazards posed by EHSs make state and

local notification critical to effective and

timely emergency response. EHSs are

acutely toxic chemicals which cause

both severe sort- and long-term health

effects after a single, brief exposure. In

many cases, local and state authorities

may be the first and only responders to

the release of an EHS.

Notifications are required if a release

of an EHS or HS is equal to or above the

reportable quantity (RQ). Section 304(a)

of EPCRA provides that chemicals on

the EHS list which do not have an RQ

assigned to them by regulation, will

have a reportable quantity of 1 pound.

Currently, 204 EHSs have the statutory

one-pound RQ. On August 30, 1989 (54

FR 35988), EPA proposed to modify the

statutory RQs for 232 EHSs using a

proposed modification of the CERCLA

RQ methodology.

c. Today's Rulem aking

EPA is today taking final action on the

two proposed rules published in the

Federal Register on August 30, 1989

and October 12, 1994. As discussed

below, EPA is not yet taking final action

on some aspects of the proposed rules.

EPA is adjusting the reportable

quantities of 204 extremely hazardous

substances.' This rule will make the

1

Although a total of 215 EHSs have one-pound

statutory RQs, this rule is adjusting the RQs of 204

of these EHSs. The remaining 11 EHSs with onepound statutory RQs were designated CERCLA

hazardous substances in a February 9, 1995 final

rule (60 FR 7824); the Agency is currently

reportable quantities for these chemicals

the same as their threshold planning

quantities. EPA is also finalizing the

proposal to remove phosphorus

pentoxide, diethylcarbamazine citrate,

fenitrothion and tellurium from the EHS

list.

On August 30, 1989, EPA proposed

the adjustment of the TPQ for

isophorone diisocyanate. Today's rule

reflects the current TPQ for isophorone

diisocyanate. However, an adjusted TPQ

and RQ will be published in a future

notice.

II. RQ Adjustment Methodologies

a. TPQ Methodology

EPA's methodology for establishing

threshold planning quantities for EHSs

under EPCRA consists of initially

determining the minimum short term

exposure concentration in air that

would lead to serious irreversible health

effects in the general population when

exposed to the substance for relatively

short duration. This is the so-called

"level of concern." (See the Threshold

Planning Quantities Technical Support

Document, April 7, 1987.)

There are two ways to determine a

"level of concern." If it is available for

a chemical, EPA may use one-tenth of

the Immediately Dangerous to Life and

Health (IDLH) level established by the

National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health (NIOSH). The IDLH is

the maximum concentration of a

substance in air to which a healthy

worker can be exposed for 30 minutes

and escape without suffering

irreversible health effects or impairing

symptoms. If the IDLH value is not

available, as is the case for most of the

EHSs, EPA determines an IDLH

equivalent value using available toxicity

data with an adjustment factor.

The level of concern is then divided

by a factor "V" which represents the

extent to which the material can

volatilize and become airborne and

dispersed. This approach is explained

in the November 17, 1986 Federal

Register notice (51 FR 41580). Dividing

the level of concern by "V" provides the

index value for an EHS.

The final threshold planning quantity

is then determined by a relative ranking

of the index values for all of the

chemicals on the EHS list. The index

values and their corresponding

threshold planning quantities are found

in the Threshold Planning Quantity

Technical Support Document. This

approach is generally based on the

developing a rulemaking to adjust the CERCLA and

EPCRA one-pound RQs for these 11 substances. The

substances are identified in 40 CFR Part 355 by the

footnote "d."

quantity of the chemical which when

released will generate the level of

concern at a distance of 100 meters.

b. CERCLA RQ Methodology

The CERCLA RQ methodology uses a

two step process to determine the

possibility of harm from the release of

a hazardous substance. The

methodology begins with an evaluation

of six intrinsic physical, chemical, and

toxicological properties associated with

each hazardous substance. These

properties are known as the "primary

criteria." Each substance is evaluated

according to the applicable "primary

criteria," and an RQ value is determined

for each applicable criterion. The

"primary criteria" RQ for each

hazardous substance is the lowest value

of all the applicable criteria. For

example, if the Agency evaluates

hazardous substance A under the RQ

adjustment methodology, identifies both

aquatic toxicity and mammalian toxicity

data on the substance, and sets a

tentative RQ of 100 pounds on the basis

of aquatic toxicity and 1000 pounds on

the basis of mammalian toxicity, the 100

pound value will be the applicable "primary criteria" RQ. Upon completion

of the evaluation of the "primary

criteria" RQ, secondary adjustment

criteria based on the natural degradation

processes of BHP (biodegradation,

hydrolysis, and photolysis) are assessed.

If a hazardous substance, when released

into the environment, degrades (within

5 days) to a less hazardous form by one

or more of the BHP processes, its

primary criteria RQ is raised one level;

if the substance degrades to a more

hazardous form, its RQ may be lowered.

c. Proposed Methodology

For approximately 60 of the 232

chemicals proposed for adjustment on

August 30, 1989, the CERCLA

methodology adjusted RQs that were too

high for purposes of emergency

notification under EPCRA. The

reportable quantities under the CERCLA

methodology in these cases are higher

than the substances' EPCRA threshold

planning quantity. To rectify this

discrepancy, the August 30, 1989, notice

proposed to modify the CERCLA RQ

methodology by integrating the TPQ

into the CERCLA RQ methodology. As

proposed, after the two-step CERCLA

RQ process had been applied to the

chemicals, an additional step of

comparing the tentative RQ to the

substances' TPQs was applied. If the

TPQ was lower than the tentative RQ,

the RQ would be adjusted to the TPQ

level or lower.

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d. Alternative Chosen

In the proposed rule of August 30,

1989, the Agency was seeking comment

on the various alternatives that could be

used to set the reportable quantities. At

the time the RQ adjustments were

proposed, the Agency anticipated that

the EHSs would be designated CERCLA

hazardous substances as proposed on

January 23, 1989 (54 FR 3388). The

Agency, however is not finalizing at this

time the proposal to designate these

chemicals as CERCLA hazardous

substances. Today's rule does not affect

any CERCLA hazardous substances.

Therefore, the Agency is not utilizing or

modifying the CERCLA RQ

methodology at this time. Instead, the

Agency has decided to adjust the 1

pound EHS RQs to the same level as

their respective TPQs. 2

The Agency believes that it is

appropriate to rely on the TPQ

methodology rather than the CERCLA

methodology to adjust EHS RQs for

several reasons.

First, reporting of EHS releases is

required because EHSs are acutely toxic

and will potentially pose an immediate

hazard upon release. Thus, EHS RQs

should be adjusted based on substances'

potential for immediate effects. The

TPQ methodology, designed specifically

for the EHSs, is based on such effects,

utilizing a "level of concern" based

upon short-term exposure

concentrations that could lead to serious

irreversible health effects.

Second, use of the CERCLA secondary

criteria of BHP is inappropriate for

adjusting EHS RQs. The BHP analysis is

used to increase a substance's RQ by

taking into account its natural chemical

degradation. EHSs can cause severe

health effects after only a single, brief

exposure which may occur prior to any

chemical degradation. The BHP analysis

and higher RQs based on chemical

degradation are not suitable in this

context.

Third, as with RQs, the Agency

adjusts TPQs based on the possibility of

harm from the release of a specific

substance. In the Threshold Planning

Quantity Technical Support Document

to the proposed rule of November 17,

1986 (51 FR 41570) to adjust TPQs, EPA

stated that the TPQ should represent a

quantity that could cause serious health

consequences if an accident were to

occur with that quantity. Consistent

with this statement, EPA modelled a

variety of release scenarios to generate

the relative ranking of each EHS and to

2 The release of EHSs which are already CERCLA

hazardous substances is reportable at the RQ levels

applicable under CERCLA. (EPCRA section 304

(a)(1)).

determine the six TPQ quantities (1, 10,

100, 500, 1,000, and 10,000 pounds).

Since the TPQ methodology is based on

the possibility of harm from release, the

Agency believes that it is appropriate to

rely on it to adjust RQs as well.

Finally, like CERCLA RQs, EPCRA

RQs do not reflect a determination that

a release of a substance will always be

hazardous at the RQ level and never

hazardous below that level. EPA has not

attempted to make such a determination

because the actual hazard will vary with

the unique circumstances of the release.

For this reason, EPA encourages SERCs

and LEPCs to consider the RQ during

their emergency planning process

involving facilities with extremely

hazardous substances.

III. Response to Comments on August

30, 1989 Proposal

Many of the comments received in

response to the Federal Register notice

of August 30, 1989, are not addressed

today because they concerned the

designation of EHSs as CERCLA

hazardous substances and the

adjustment of RQs for those substances

under CERCLA. As stated above, the

Agency is not taking action on

modifying the CERCLA RQ

methodology or listing EHSs as CERCLA

hazardous substances at this time. For a

complete list of comments and the

Agency's responses, see the responses to

comments document in the Docket of

this Federal Register notice.

a. Threshold Planning Quantity

Methodology

The Agency received several

comments on its proposed use of the

TPQ methodology to adjust RQs. These

commenters believed that the use of the

TPQ methodology was inappropriate

because the RQ and the TPQ address

different regulatory requirements.

EPA believes that the TPQ

methodology is appropriate for these

chemicals. Although the RQs and TPQs

trigger two distinct notification

requirements, both quantities are

adjusted based on the possibility of

harm from the release of a specific

substance. Thus, even though TPQ

(EPCRA § 302) notification is not

triggered by an actual release, the TPQ

is based upon the potential harm from

an actual release. In addition, the

particular concern with EHSs is that

they will potentially pose an immediate

hazard upon release. Notification

requirements should be based on the

potential for these immediate effects,

and the TPQ methodology (developed

specifically for the EHS list) is in fact

based upon the potential for immediate

effects. For these reasons, the Agency

believes that the use of the TPQ

methodology is appropriate to set RQs

for extremely hazardous substances.

However, because these chemicals are

not being added to the CERCLA

hazardous substance list, modification

of the CERCLA RQ methodology is not

warranted at this time.

b. Sulfur Dioxide

The adjusted RQ for sulfur dioxide

was proposed at 100-pounds. Several

commenters from the petroleum

industry commented that the 100-pound

RQ is too low and would require

needless and excessive reporting for the

petroleum sector. In the petroleum

sector, sulfur dioxide is a combustion

product created when hydrogen sulfide

from crude oil and natural gas is flared.

The commenters referenced the Federal

Clean Air Act New Source Performance

Standards that they state allow coal

fired power plants to emit 200,000

pounds per day of sulfur dioxide.

The proposed RQ for sulfur dioxide

was set at 100-pounds based on the

proposed modified CERCLA RQ

methodology. In the final rule of April

22, 1987 (52 FR 13378), the TPQ for

sulfur dioxide was adjusted to 500-

pounds. Because there is no 500-pound

CERCLA RQ level, the sulfur dioxide

RQ was proposed at 100-pounds. As

stated earlier in this rule, EPA is not

modifying the CERCLA RQ

methodology at this time, but is

adjusting RQs to the TPQ level. The

final EPCRA RQ for sulfur dioxide is

500-pounds.

EPA does not agree that the existence

of a 200,000 pounds per day standard

for one sector means that the EPCRA RQ

should be set at a higher RQ level.

Sulfur dioxide is used in many

industries other than the petroleum

sector, for example, sulfuric acid

production, water purification and the

pulp and paper industry. While flares

and stacks are designed to lift the sulfur

dioxide into the atmosphere, ground

level releases of sulfur dioxide,

including releases from containers

storing sulfur dioxide may be more

hazardous to the community. Since EPA

sets one RQ to incorporate all probable

release scenarios, EPA believes that the

500 pound RQ based on the substance's

IDLH value provides an appropriate

level.

EPA notes that the release reporting

requirements of EPCRA section 304

work in conjunction with the federally

permitted release exemption under

CERCLA section 101(10) and the

continuous release reporting

requirements under CERCLA section

103. Releases that are federally

permitted and those that are continuous

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have reduced reporting requirements

under EPCRA section 304.

c. Hydrogen Chloride

Several commenters correctly pointed

out that the phrase "gas only" was

omitted from the hydrogen chloride

listing in the tables proposing to revise

Appendices A and B to 40 CFR part 355.

In today's rule, this omission is

corrected.

In the final rule published in the

Federal Register December 27, 1989 (54

FR 53057), EPA raised the reportable

quantity for Hydrogen chloride (gas

only) to 5,000 pounds. This is the same

as the reportable quantity for hydrogen

chloride (a synonym of hydrochloric

acid) under CERCLA section 103.

d. Sulfur Trioxide

Several commenters believed that a

reportable quantity for sulfur trioxide

above 100 pounds is warranted. EPA,

however, disagrees. The 100 pound TPQ

for sulfur Trioxide is based upon acute

toxicity. EPA agrees that some releases

of sulfur trioxide above 100-pounds may

not be hazardous based upon the

conditions of the release (e.g. from a

flare or stack). However, 100-pound

releases of sulfur trioxide at ground

level (e.g. releases during sulfuric acid

and explosive manufacturing) may pose

a hazard to the community. An RQ

incorporates all probable release

scenarios so that persons off-site can

determine the level of response

necessary. Therefore, the Agency

believes that the 100-pound RQ for

sulfur trioxide based upon its acute

toxicity is appropriate.

IV. Listing Corrections

EPA is making final a rule that was

originally proposed on October 30,

1994, to remove phosphorus pentoxide,

diethylcarbamizine citrate, finitrothion

and tellurium from the extremely

hazardous substances list.3

Substances are listed as EHSs based

on toxicity criteria. Substances are

screened using acute animal toxicity

data for the most sensitive mammalian

species and are placed on the list if they

meet one of the following criteria:

* LC5 0

4 !<0.5 mg/L

* Dermal LD50

5 < 50 mg/kg

* Oral LD5o <25 mg/kg

3 On October 30, 1994, EPA proposed the

adjustment of the TPQ for isophorone diisocyanate.

The final rule on this adjustment will be published

in a future notice.

4"LC5 0 " refers to that concentration of a

substance in the air that is expected to cause the

death of 50 percent of a defined experimental

population.

5 "LD5 0" refers to that dose of a substance

expected to cause the death of 50 percent of a

defined experimental population.

If LC50 or LD50 data are not available,

then LCLO or LDLO data are used.

Substances that meet one of these

criteria have the potential for causing

harm if accidently released and are,

therefore, designated as EHSs.

EPA listed phosphorus pentoxide

based on information presented in an

abstract. This source reported an LC50 of

0.061 mg/L for guinea pigs and an LC50

of 0.271 mg/L for mice exposed for 1

hour to smoke generated from burning

red phosphorus. A significant limitation

of this study is that the toxic effects

cannot be directly related to phosphorus

pentoxide. Therefore, these data are

insufficient for listing phosphorus

pentoxide as an EHS. In addition, the

Elemental Phosphorus Ad Hoc Solid

Waste Group submitted a study that

indicated that the LC50 for rats exposed

to phosphorus pentoxide for 4 hours is

greater than 0.99 mg/L, well above the

.5 mg/L listing criteria. Based on the

insufficient information in the original

study and the information of the more

recent study, EPA has decided to

remove phosphorus pentoxide from the

EHS list.

EPA listed diethylcarbamazine citrate

based on information presented in a

Russian data compilation that listed an

LC5 0 for rats equal to 0.309 mg/L for a

4-hour exposure. Review of this

information indicated that the toxicity

values presented were unverifiable

because the study details were not

available. In addition, SmithKline

Beecham submitted a study that

reported no deaths of rats from exposure

to either 1.63 mg/L or 2.38 mg/L for 1

hour. Based on the poor quality of the

original study and the additional

information received, EPA has decided

to remove diethylcarbamazine citrate

from the EHS list.

EPA listed fenitrothion based on a

study that reported an LC50 equal to

0.378 mg/L for a 4-hour exposure. EPA's

review of this study concluded that a

toxic impurity had resulted in an

erroneously low value for the LC5 0. In

addition, a surfactant was present that

altered the permeability of the skin and

cell membranes of the test animals,

making them more susceptible to

fenitrothion's toxic effect. Information

submitted by Sumitomo Chemical

America, Inc., reported an LC50 greater

than 2.210 mg/L. Based on the Agency's

review and the additional information,

fenitrothion is being deleted from the

EHS list.

EPA listed tellurium metal based on

a study that reported an oral LD50 of 20

mg/kg. Review of this study indicted

that sodium tellurate, which is listed as

an EHS, was used in the study rather

than tellurium metal. The Selenium

Tellurium Development Association

also submitted a study that reported an

LD5 0 greater than 5000 mg/kg for

tellurium metal. Based on this

information, EPA is deleting tellurium

from the list of EHSs.

V. Response to Comments on October

12, 1994, Proposal

EPA received one comment from the

Clean Water Fund of North Carolina

objecting to the removal of phosphorus

pentoxide from the EHS list. The Clean

Water Fund questions the validity of an

unpublished 1987 toxicity study

showing no toxic effects in exposed

animals, at levels up to .99 mg/L of

phosphorus pentoxide aerosol. That

study however, did not determine the

level of the chemical in question in the

chamber atmosphere. The analytical

method determined only total

phosphorus, which was then converted

to an equivalent concentration of

phosphorus pentoxide in air. The Clean

Water Fund argues, therefore, that the

pentoxide should remain on the list

because the 1980 and 1982 combustion

experiments established that the

pentoxide was a major component of the

smoke and "because the analytical

techniques employed by the 1980 study

may have actually synthesized the

pentoxide from other (possibly less

dangerous) phosphorus compounds

actually present in the test chamber."

The Agency assumes Clean Water Fund

believes that because the pentoxide

could have been synthesized from less

toxic compounds, the pentoxide

presented the toxic character of the test

chamber gas.

EPA disagrees. The 1980 and 1982

studies show that, in burning the

phosphorus, there is a potential for the

production of several oxides of

phosphorus. Regardless of how

pentoxide was formed (as noted by the

Clean Water Fund) or whether the

various oxide compounds are more or

less toxic, the fact still remains that the

studies did not distinguish which of the

various oxides caused the high toxicity

of the smoke. While the 1987 study

showed no toxicity of phosphorus

pentoxide, it also is not conclusive

because it did not indicate a direct

measurement of phosphorus pentoxide

in the chamber and the pentoxide could

have hydrolyzed to possibly less toxic

constituents. On balance, none of the

studies presented show that phosphorus

pentoxide meets the toxicity criteria.

Accordingly, EPA is removing the

chemical from the EHS list.

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VI. Regulatory Analyses

a. Executive Order 12866

Under Executive Order 12866, (58 FR

51,735) of October 4, 1993, the Agency

must determine whether the regulatory

action is "significant" and therefore

subject to review by the Office of

Management and Budget (OMB) and the

requirements of the Executive Order.

The Order defines "significant

regulatory action" as one that is likely

to result in a rule that may:

(1) Have an annual effect on the

economy of $100 million or more or

adversely affect in a material way the

economy, a sector of the economy,

productivity, competition, jobs, the

environment, public health or safety, or

State, local or tribal governments or

communities;

(2) Create a serious inconsistency or

otherwise interfere with an action taken

or planned by another agency;

(3) Materially alter the budgetary

impact of entitlements, grants, user fees,

or loan programs or the rights and

obligations of recipients thereof; or

(4) Raise novel legal or policy issues

arising out of legal mandates, the

President's priorities, or the principles

set forth in the Executive Order.

It has been determined that this rule

is not a "significant regulatory action"

under the terms of Executive Order

12866 and is therefore not subject to

OMB review.

b. Regulatory Flexibility Analysis

Pursuant to the Regulatory Flexibility

Act, 5 U.S.C. 601 et seq., whenever an

agency is required to publish a notice of

rulemaking for any proposed or final

rule, it must prepare and make available

for public comment a regulatory

flexibility analysis that describes the

effect of the rule on small entities (i.e.,

small businesses, small organizations,

and small governmental jurisdictions).

This analysis is unnecessary, however,

if the agency's administrator certifies

that the rule will not have a significant

economic effect on a substantial number

of small entities.

EPA has examined this rule's

potential effects on small entities as

required by the Regulatory Flexibility

Act. It has determined that today's final

rule will not have a significant

economic effect on a substantial number

of small entities. The overall economic

effect of this regulation has been

determined to equate to 6,249 hours of

burden reduction (with no added

burden) at a total cost saving of

$355,628 per year to all regulated

entities. Therefore, this regulation will

have a cost savings, and not have a

significant impact on small businesses.

c. Paperwork Reduction Act

The information collection

requirements contained in this final rule

have been approved by OMB under the

provisions of the Paperwork Reduction

Act, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., and have

been assigned OMB control number

2050-0092 (EPA Information Collection

Request No. 1395.2). Copies of the

information collection requests may be

obtained from Sandy Farmer, OPPE

Regulatory Information Division, U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency

(2136), 401 M Street, SW., Washington,

DC 20460 or by calling (202) 260-2740.

As indicated in the Section I

Introduction, the mandatory reporting

requirements under EPCRA section 304

serve as a trigger for informing state and

local governments of a release, so that

state and local personnel can evaluate

the need for any necessary action in a

timely fashion. EPCRA section 304 also

requires the submittal of a written

follow-up notice to the same state and

local entities.

The public reporting burden for the

collection of information pursuant to

EPCRA section 304 is estimated to take,

on average, 5 hours per response. This

estimate includes the time required to

make the call and to develop the written

follow-up notice.

Because the RQs for almost all of the

substances included in today's rule are

to be raised, the net reporting and

recordkeeping burden associated with

reporting releases of these substances

under EPCRA section 304 is expected to

decrease. As demonstrated in an

economic impact analysis (EIA), the

Agency estimates that the total burden

reduction for notification to SERCs and

LEPCs, and notification to 911 services

in transportation -related incidents, and

the completion of follow up reports will

equate to 6,249 hours at a total cost

savings of $355,628 per year.

Send comments on the ICR to the

Director, OPPE Regulatory Information

Division, U.S. Environmental Protection

Agency (2136), 401 M Street, SW.,

Washington, DC 20460; and to the

Office of Information and Regulatory

Affairs, Office of Management and

Budget, 725 17th Street, NW.,

Washington, DC 20503, marked

"Attention: Desk Officer for EPA."

Include ICR number 1395.2 in any

correspondence.

d. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act

Title II of the Unfunded Mandates

Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA), Public

Law 104-4, establishes requirements for

Federal agencies to assess the effects of

their regulatory actions on State, local,

and tribal governments and the private

sector. Under section 202 of the UMRA,

EPA generally must prepare a written

statement, including a cost-benefit

analysis, for proposed and final rules

with "Federal mandates" that may

result in expenditures to State, local,

and tribal governments, in the aggregate,

or to the private sector, of $100 million

or more in any one year. Before

promulgating an EPA rule for which a

written statement is needed, section 205

of the UMRA generally requires EPA to

identify and consider a reasonable

number of regulatory alternatives and

adopt the least costly, most costeffective or least burdensome alternative

that achieves the objectives of the rule.

The provisions of section 205 do not

apply when they are inconsistent with

applicable law. Moreover, section 205

allows EPA to adopt an alternative other

than the least costly, most cost-effective

or least burdensome alternative if the

Administrator publishes with the final

rule an explanation why that alternative

was not adopted. Before EPA establishes

any regulatory requirements that may

significantly or uniquely affect small

governments, including tribal

governments, it must have developed

under section 203 of the UMRA a small

government agency plan. The plan must

provide for notifying potentially

affected small governments, enabling

officials of affected small governments

to have meaningful and timely input in

the development of EPA regulatory

proposals with significant Federal

intergovernmental mandates, and

informing, educating, and advising

small governments on compliance with

the regulatory requirements.

EPA has determined that this rule

does not contain a Federal mandate that

may result in expenditures of $100

million or more for State, local, and

tribal governments, in the aggregate, or

the private sector in any one year.

Because the RQs for almost all of the

substances included in today's rule are

to be raised, the net reporting and

recordkeeping burden associated with

reporting releases of these substances

under EPCRA section 304 is expected to

decrease. As demonstrated in an

economic impact analysis (EIA), the

Agency estimates that the total burden

reduction for notification to SERCs and

LEPCs, and notification to 911 services

in transportation -related incidents, and

the completion of follow up reports will

equate to 6,249 hours at a total cost

savings of $355,628 per year. Thus,

today's rule is not subject to the

requirements of sections 202 and 205 of

the UMRA.

EPA has determined that this rule

contains no regulatory requirements that

might significantly or uniquely affect

20478

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Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 89 / Tuesday, May 7, 1996 / Rules and Regulations

small governments. Because the RQs for

almost all of the substances included in

today's rule are to be raised, the net

reporting and recordkeeping burden

associated with reporting releases of

these substances under EPCRA section

304 is expected to decrease. Small

governments will no longer receive

notifications and written follow-up

reports from facilities that have releases

of extremely hazardous substances less

that the substances' TPQ.

List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 355

Air pollution control, Chemical

accident prevention, Chemical

emergency preparedness, Chemicals,

Community emergency response plan,

Community right-to-know, Contingency

planning, Disaster assistance,

Emergency Planning and Community

Right-to-Know Act, Extremely

hazardous substances, Hazardous

substances, Intergovernmental relations,

Natural resources, Penalties, Reportable

quantity, Reporting and recordkeeping

requirements, Superfund Amendments

and Reauthorization Act, Threshold

planning quantity, Water pollution

control, Water supply.

Dated: April 29, 1996.

Carol M. Browner,

Administrator.

For the reasons set out in the

preamble, title 40, Chapter I of the Code

of Federal Regulations is amended as

follows:

PART 355-EMERGENCY PLANNING

AND NOTIFICATION

1. The authority citation for part 355

continues to read as follows:

Authority: 42 U.S.C. 11002, 11004, and

11048.

2. Appendices A and B in Part 355 are

revised to read as follows:

APPENDIX A TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES

[Alphabetical Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

A ce to n e C y a n o h yd rin .....................................................................................................

Acetone Thiosemicarbazide ...........................................................................................

A c ro le in ...................................................................................................

A c ry la m id e ......................................................................................................................

A c ry lo n itrile .....................................................................................................................

A c ry ly l C h lo rid e ...............................................................................................................

A d ip o n itrile ......................................................................................................................

A ld ic arb ...................................................................................................

A ld r in ...............................................................................................................................

A lly l A lc o h o l ....................................................................................................................

A lly la m in e ........................................................................................................................

A lu m in u m P h o s p h id e ......................................................................................................

A m in o p te rin .....................................................................................................................

A m ito n .............................................................................................................................

A m ito n O x a la te ...............................................................................................................

A m m o n ia .........................................................................................................................

A m p h e ta m in e ..................................................................................................................

A n ilin e .............................................................................................................................

A n ilin e , 2 ,4 ,6 - T rim e th y l- . ................................................................................................

A n tim o n y P e n taflu o rid e ...................................................................................................

A n tim y c in A .....................................................................................................................

A N T U ..............................................................................................................................

A rs e n ic P e n to x id e ...........................................................................................................

A rs e n o u s O x id e ..............................................................................................................

A rs e n o u s T ric h lo rid e .......................................................................................................

A rs in e ..............................................................................................................................

A z in p h o s -E th y l ................................................................................................................

A z in p h o s -M e th y l .............................................................................................................

B e n z a l C h lo rid e ..............................................................................................................

Benzenamine, 3-(Trifluoromethyl)- . ................................................................................

Benzene, 1-(Chloromethyl)-4-Nitro- . ..............................................................................

B e n ze n e a rso n ic A c id ......................................................................................................

Benzimidazole, 4,5-Dichloro-2-(Trifluoromethyl)- . .........................................................

B e n z o tric h lo rid e ..............................................................................................................

B e n z y l C h lo rid e ...............................................................................................................

B e n z y l C y a n id e ...............................................................................................................

Bicyclo[2.2.1]Heptane-2-Carbonitrile, 5-Chloro-6-

((((Methylamino)Carbonyl)Oxy)lmino)-, (ls-(1-alpha,2-beta,4-alpha,5-alpha,6E))-.

B is (C h lo ro m ethy l) K eto n e ...............................................................................................

B ito s c a n a te .....................................................................................................................

B o ro n T ric h lo rid e ............................................................................................................

B o ro n T riflu o rid e .............................................................................................................

Boron Trifluoride Compound W ith Methyl Ether (1:1) ....................................................

B ro m a d io lo n e ..................................................................................................................

B ro m in e ...........................................................................................................................

C a d m iu m O x id e ..............................................................................................................

C a d m iu m S te a ra te ..........................................................................................................

C a lc iu m A rs e n a te ...........................................................................................................

10

1,000

1

5,000

100

100

1,000

1

1

100

500

100

500

500

100

100

1,000

5,000

500

500

1,000

100

1

1

1

100

100

1

5,000

500

500

10

500

10

100

500

500

10

500

500

500

1,000 100

500

100

1,000

1

1,000

1,000/10,000

500

1,000/10,000

10,000

100

1,000

100/10,000

500/10,000

1,000

500

500

500/10,000

500

100/10,000

500

1,000

1,000

500

500

1,000/10,000

500/10,000

100/10,000

100/10,000

500

100

100/10,000

10/10,000

500

500

500/10,000

10/10,000

500/10,000

100

500

500

500/10,000

10/10,000

500/10,000

500

500

1,000

100/10,000

500

100/10,000

1,000/10,000

500/10,000

20479

75-86-5

1752-30-3

107-02-8

79-06-1

107-13-1

814-68-6

111-69-3

116-06-3

309-00-2

107-18-6

107-11-9

20859-73-8

54-62-6

78-53-5

3734-97-2

7664-41-7

300-62-9

62-53-3

88-05-1

7783-70-2

1397-94-0

86-88-4

1303-28-2

1327-53-3

7784-34-1

7784-42-1

2642-71-9

86-50-0

98-87-3

98-16-8

100-14-1

98-05-5

3615-21-2

98-07-7

100-44-7

140-29-4

15271-41-7

534-07-6

4044-65-9

10294-34-5

7637-07-2

353-42-4

28772-56-7

7726-95-6

1306-19-0

2223-93-0

7778-44-1

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APPENDIX A TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES-Continued

[Alphabetical Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

8001-35-2 Cam phechlor ................................................................................................................... 1 500/10,000

56-25-7 Cantharidin ...................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

51-83-2 Carbachol Chloride ......................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

26419-73-8 Carbamic Acid, Methyl-, O-(((2,4-Dimethyl-1, 3-Dithiolan-2-yl)Methylene)Amino)- . ..... d 1 100/10,000

1563-66-2 Carbofuran ...................................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

75-15-0 Carbon Disulfide ............................................................................................................. 1 100 10,000

786-19-6 Carbophenothion ............................................................................................................ 500 500

57-74-9 Chlordane ....................................................................................................................... 1 1,000

470-90-6 Chlorfenvinfos ................................................................................................................. 500 500

7782-50-5 Chlorine ........................................................................................................................... 10 100

24934-91-6 Chlorm ephos ................................................................................................................... 500 500

999-81-5 Chlorm equat Chloride ..................................................................................................... h 100 100/10,000

79-11-8 Chloroacetic Acid ............................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

107-07-3 Chloroethanol .................................................................................................................. 500 500

627-11-2 Chloroethyl Chloroform ate .............................................................................................. 1,000 1,000

67-66-3 Chloroform ...................................................................................................................... 1 10 10,000

542-88-1 Chlorom ethyl Ether ......................................................................................................... h 10 100

107-30-2 Chlorom ethyl M ethyl Ether ............................................................................................. c 10 100

3691-35-8 Chlorophacinone ............................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

1982-47-4 Chloroxuron .................................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

21923-23-9 Chlorthiophos .................................................................................................................. 500 500

10025-73-7 Chrom ic Chloride ............................................................................................................ 1 1/10,000

62207-76-5 Cobalt, ((2,2'-(1,2-Ethanediylbis (Nitrilomethylidyne)) Bis(6-Fluorophenolato))(2-)- 100 100/10,000

N,N',O,O')-.

10210-68-1 Cobalt Carbonyl .............................................................................................................. h 10 10/10,000

64-86-8 Colchicine ....................................................................................................................... h 10 10/10,000

56-72-4 Coum aphos ..................................................................................................................... 10 100/10,000

5836-29-3 Coum ratetralyl .................................................................................................................. 500 500/10,000

95-48-7 Cresol, o- ........................................................................................................................ . 100 1,000/10,000

535-8 9-7 Crim idine ......................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

4170-30-3 Crotonaldehyde ............................................................................................................... 100 1,000

123-73-9 Crotonaldehyde, (E)- . ..................................................................................................... . 100 1,000

506-68-3 Cyanogen Brom ide ......................................................................................................... 1,000 500/10,000

506-78-5 Cyanogen Iodide ............................................................................................................. 1,000 1,000/10,000

2636-26-2 Cyanophos .................................................................................................1,000 1,000

675-14-9 Cyanuric Fluoride ............................................................................................................ 100 100

66-81-9 Cyclohexim ide ................................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

108-91-8 Cyclohexylam ine ............................................................................................................. 10,000 10,000

17702-41-9 Decaborane(14) .............................................................................................................. 500 500/10,000

8065-48-3 Dem eton ......................................................................................................................... 500 500

919-8 6-8 Dem eton-S-M ethyl .......................................................................................................... 500 500

10311-8 4-9 Dialifor ............................................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

19287-4 5-7 Diborane ......................................................................................................................... 100 100

111-44-4 Dichloroethyl ether .......................................................................................................... 10 10,000

149-74-6 Dichlorom ethylphenylsilane ............................................................................................ 1,000 1,000

62-73-7 Dichlorvos ....................................................................................................................... 10 1,000

141-66-2 Dicrotophos ..................................................................................................................... 100 100

1464-53-5 Diepoxybutane ................................................................................................................ 10 500

814-49-3 Diethyl Chlorophosphate ................................................................................................ h 500 500

71-63-6 Digitoxin .......................................................................................................................... c 100 100/10,000

2238-07-5 Diglycidyl Ether ............................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

20830-75-5 Digoxin ............................................................................................................................ 10 10/10,000

115-26-4 Dim efox ........................................................................................................................... 500 500

60-51-5 Dim ethoate ...................................................................................................................... 10 500/10,000

2524-03-0 Dim ethyl Phosphorochloridothioate ................................................................................ 500 500

77-78-1 Dim ethyl sulfate .............................................................................................................. 100 500

75-78-5 Dim ethyldichlorosilane .................................................................................................... h 500 500

57-14-7 Dim ethylhydrazine .......................................................................................................... 10 1,000

99-98-9 Dim ethyl-p-Phenylenediam ine ........................................................................................ 10 10/10,000

644-64-4 Dim etilan ......................................................................................................................... 1 500/10,000

534-52-1 Dinitrocresol .................................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

88-85-7 Dinoseb ........................................................................................................................... 1,000 100/10,000

1420-07-1 Dinoterb .......................................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

78-34-2 Dioxathion ....................................................................................................................... 500 500

82-66-6 Diphacinone .................................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

152-16-9 Diphosphoram ide, O ctam ethyl- . ..................................................................................... 100 100

298-04-4 Disulfoton ........................................................................................................................ 1 500

514-73-8 Dithiazanine Iodide ......................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

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APPENDIX A TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES-Continued

[Alphabetical Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

541-53-7 Dithiobiuret ...................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

316-42-7 Em etine, Dihydrochloride ................................................................................................ h 1 1/10,000

115-29-7 End losulfan ...................................................................................................................... 1 10/10,000

2778-04-3 Endothion ........................................................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

72-20-8 Endrin .............................................................................................................................. 1 500/10,000

106-8 9-8 Epichlorohydrin ............................................................................................................... 1 100 1,000

2104-64-5 EPN ................................................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

50-14-6 Ergocalciferol .................................................................................................................. c 1,000 1,000/10,000

379-79-3 Ergotam ine Tar trate ........................................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

1622-32-8 Ethanesulfonyl Chloride, 2-Chloro-. ................................................................................ 500 500

10140-87-1 Ethanol, 1,2-Dichloro-, Acetate ...................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

563-12-2 Ethion .............................................................................................................................. 10 1,000

13194-4 8-4 Ethoprophos .................................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

538-07-8 Ethylbis(2-Chloroethyl)Am ine ......................................................................................... h 500 500

371-62-0 Ethylene Fluorohydrin ..................................................................................................... c, h 10 10

75-21-8 Ethylene O xide ............................................................................................................... 1 10 1,000

107-15-3 Ethylenediam ine ............................................................................................................. 5,000 10,000

151-56-4 Ethyleneim ine ................................................................................................................. 1 500

542-90-5 Ethylthiocyanate .............................................................................................................. 10,000 10,000

22224-92-6 Fenam iphos .................................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

115-90-2 Fensulfothion .................................................................................................................. h 500 500

4301-50-2 Fluenetil .......................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

7782-41-4 Fluorine ........................................................................................................................... k 10 500

640-19-7 Fluoroacetam ide ............................................................................................................. j 100 100/10,000

144-4 9-0 Fluoroacetic Acid ............................................................................................................ 10 10/10,000

359-06-8 Fluoroacetyl Chloride ...................................................................................................... c 10 10

51-21-8 Fluorouracil ..................................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

944-22-9 Fonofos ...................................................................................................

500 500

50-00-0 Form aldehyde ................................................................................................................. 1 100 500

107-16-4 Form aldehyde Cyanohydrin ............................................................................................ h 1,000 1,000

23422-53-9 Form etanate Hydrochloride ............................................................................................ d, h 1 500/10,000

2540-82-1 Form othion ...................................................................................................................... 100 100

17702-57-7 Form paranate ................................................................................................................. 1 100/10,000

21548-32-3 Fosthietan ....................................................................................................................... 500 500

3878-19-1 Fuberidlazole ................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

110-00-9 Furan ............................................................................................................................... 100 500

13450-90-3 Gallium Trichloride .......................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

77-47-4 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene ............................................................................................ h 10 100

4835-11-4 Hexam ethylenediam ine, N,N'-Dibutyl- . ........................................................................... 500 500

302-01-2 Hydrazine ........................................................................................................................ 1 1,000

74-90-8 Hydrocyanic Acid ............................................................................................................ 10 100

7647-01-0 Hydrogen Chloride (gas only) ......................................................................................... I 5,000 500

7664-39-3 Hydrogen Fluoride .......................................................................................................... 100 100

7722-84-1 Hydrogen Peroxide (Conc > 52% ) ................................................................................. I 1,000 1,000

7783-07-5 Hydrogen Selenide ......................................................................................................... 10 10

7783-06-4 Hydrogen Sulfide ............................................................................................................ 1 100 500

123-31-9 Hydroquinone .................................................................................................................. 1 100 500/10,000

13463-40-6 Iron, Pentacarbonyl- . ...................................................................................................... 100 100

297-78-9 Isobenzan ....................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

78-82-0 Isobutyronitrile ................................................................................................................. 1,000 1,000

102-36-3 Isocyanic Acid, 3,4-Dichlorophenyl Ester ...................................................................... 500 500/10,000

465-73-6 Isodrin ............................................................................................................................. 1 100/10,000

55-91-4 Isofluorphate ................................................................................................................... 100 100

4098-71-9 Isophorone Diisocyanate ................................................................................................ 100 100

108-23-6 Isopropyl Chloroform ate ................................................................................................. 1,000 1,000

119-38-0 Isopropylm ethylpyrazolyl Dim ethylcarbam ate ................................................................ d 1 500

78-97-7 Lactonitrile ....................................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

21609-90-5 Leptophos .................................................................................................500 500/10,000

541-25-3 Lew isite ........................................................................................................................... c, h 10 10

58-89-9 Lindane ........................................................................................................................... 1 1,000/10,000

7580-67-8 Lithium Hydride ............................................................................................................... b 100 100

109-77-3 M alononitrile .................................................................................................................... 1,000 500/10,000

12108-13-3 M anganese, Tricarbonyl M ethylcyclopentadienyl ........................................................... h 100 100

51-75-2 M echloretham ine ............................................................................................................ c 10 10

950-10-7 M ephosfolan ................................................................................................................... 500 500

1600-27-7 M ercuric Acetate ............................................................................................................. 500 500/10,000

7487-94-7 M ercuric Chloride ............................................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

21908-53-2 M ercuric O xide ................................................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

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APPENDIX A TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES-Continued

[Alphabetical Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

10476-95-6 M ethacrolein Diacetate ................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

760-93-0 M ethacrylic Anhydride .................................................................................................... 500 500

126-98-7 M ethacrylonitrile .............................................................................................................. h 1,000 500

920-46-7 M ethacryloyl Chloride ..................................................................................................... 100 100

30674-80-7 M ethacryloyloxyethyl Isocyanate .................................................................................... h 100 100

10265-92-6 M etham idophos .............................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

558-25-8 M ethanesulfonyl Fluoride ................................................................................................ 1,000 1,000

950-37-8 M ethidathion ................................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

2032-65-7 M ethiocarb ...................................................................................................................... 10 500/10,000

16752-77-5 M ethom yl ........................................................................................................................ 100 500/10,000

151-38-2 M ethoxyethylm ercuric Acetate ........................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

80-63-7 M ethyl 2-Chloroacrylate ................................................................................................. 500 500

74-83-9 M ethyl Brom ide ............................................................................................................... 1 1,000 1,000

79-22-1 M ethyl Chloroform ate ..................................................................................................... h 1,000 500

60-34-4 M ethyl Hydrazine ............................................................................................................ 10 500

624-83-9 M ethyl Isocyanate ........................................................................................................... 10 500

556-61-6 M ethyl Isothiocyanate ..................................................................................................... b 500 500

74-93-1 M ethyl M ercaptan ........................................................................................................... 1 100 500

3735-23-7 M ethyl Phenkapton ......................................................................................................... 500 500

676-97-1 M ethyl Phosphonic Dichloride ........................................................................................ b 100 100

556-64-9 M ethyl Thiocyanate ......................................................................................................... 10,000 10,000

78-94-4 M ethyl Vinyl Ketone ........................................................................................................ 10 10

502-39-6 M ethylm ercuric Dicyanam ide .......................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

75-79-6 M ethyltrichlorosilane ....................................................................................................... h 500 500

1129-41-5 M etolcarb ........................................................................................................................ d 1 100/10,000

7786-34-7 M evinphos .................................................................................................

10 500

315-18-4 M exacarbate ................................................................................................................... 1,000 500/10,000

50-07-7 M itom ycin C .................................................................................................................... 10 500/10,000

6923-22-4 M onocrotophos ............................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

2763-96-4 M uscim ol ......................................................................................................................... 1,000 500/10,000

505-6 0-2 M ustard Gas ................................................................................................................... h 500 500

13463-39-3 Nickel Carbonyl ............................................................................................................... 10 1

54-11-5 Nicotine ........................................................................................................................... c 100 100

65-30-5 Nicotine Sulfate ............................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

7697-37-2 Nitric Acid ........................................................................................................................ 1,000 1,000

10102-4 3-9 Nitric O xide ..................................................................................................................... 10 100

98-95-3 Nitrobenzene ................................................................................................................... 1,000 10,000

1122-60-7 Nitrocyclohexane ............................................................................................................ 500 500

10102-4 4-0 Nitrogen Dioxide ............................................................................................................. 10 100

62-75-9 Nitrosodim ethylam ine ..................................................................................................... h 10 1,000

991-4 2-4 Norborm ide ..................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

0 O rganorhodium Com plex (PM N-82-147) ...................................................................... 10 10/10,000

630-6 0-4 O uabain .......................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

23135-22-0 O xam yl ............................................................................................................................ 1 100/10,000

78-71-7 O xetane, 3,3-Bis(Chlorom ethyl)- . .................................................................................. 500 500

2497-07-6 O xydisulfoton .................................................................................................................. 500 500

10028-15-6 O zone ....................................................................................................100 100

1910-42-5 Paraquat Dichloride ........................................................................................................ 10 10/10,000

2074-50-2 Paraquat M ethosulfate .................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

56-38-2 Parathion ......................................................................................................................... 10 100

298-00-0 Parathion-M ethyl ............................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

12002-03-8 Paris G reen ..................................................................................................................... 1 500/10,000

19624-22-7 Pentaborane ................................................................................................................... 500 500

2570-26-5 Pentad lecylam ine ............................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

79-21-0 Peracetic Acid ................................................................................................................. 500 500

594-42-3 Perchlorom ethylm ercaptan ............................................................................................. 100 500

108-95-2 Phenol ............................................................................................................................. 1,000 500/10,000

4418-66-0 Phenol, 2,2'-Thiobis(4-Chloro-6-M ethyl)- . ..................................................................... 100 100/10,000

64-00-6 Phenol, 3-(1-M ethylethyl)-, M ethylcarbam ate ................................................................ d 1 500/10,000

58-36-6 Phenoxarsine, 10,10'-Oxydi- . ......................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

696-28-6 Phenyl Dichloroarsine ..................................................................................................... h 1 500

59-88-1 Phenylhydrazine Hydrochloride ...................................................................................... 1,000 1,000/10,000

62-38-4 Phenylm ercury Acetate ................................................................................................... 100 500/10,000

2097-19-0 Phenylsilatrane ............................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

103-85-5 Phenylthiourea ................................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

298-02-2 Phorate ........................................................................................................................... 10 10

4104-14-7 Phosacetim .................................................................................................

100 100/10,000

947-02-4 Phosfolan ........................................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

HeinOnline -- 61 Fed. Reg. 20482 1996
Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 89 / Tuesday, May 7, 1996 / Rules and Regulations 20483

APPENDIX A TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES-Continued

[Alphabetical Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

75-44-5 Phosgene ..................................................................................................1 10 10

732-11-6 Phosm et .......................................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

13171-21-6 Phospham idon ..............................................................................................

100 100

7803-51-2 Phosphine .................................................................................................100 500

2703-13-1 Phosphonothioic Acid, Methyl-, O-Ethyl 0-(4- (Methylthio) Phenyl) Ester .................... 500 500

50782-69-9 Phosphonothioic Acid, Methyl-, S-(2-(Bis(1 -Methylethyl)Amino)Ethyl) O-Ethyl Ester ... 100 100

2665-30-7 Phosphonothioic Acid, Methyl-, O-(4-Nitrophenyl) O-Phenyl Ester ............................... 500 500

3254-63-5 Phosphoric Acid, Dim ethyl 4-(M ethylthio)Phenyl Ester .................................................. 500 500

2587-90-8 Phosphorothioic Acid, O,O-Dimethyl-S-(2-Methylthio) Ethyl Ester ................................ c, g 500 500

7723-14-0 Phosphorus .................................................................................................b, h 1 100

10025-87-3 Phosphorus O xychloride ................................................................................................. 1,000 500

10026-13-8 Phosphorus Pentachloride .............................................................................................. b 500 500

7719-12-2 Phosphorus Trichloride ................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

57-47-6 Physostigm ine ................................................................................................................. d 1 100/10,000

57-64-7 Physostigm ine, Salicylate (1:1) ...................................................................................... d 1 100/10,000

124-87-8 Picrotoxin ........................................................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

110-89-4 Piperidine ........................................................................................................................ 1,000 1,000

23505-4 1-1 Pirim ifos-Ethyl ................................................................................................................. 1,000 1,000

10124-50-2 Potassium Arsenite ......................................................................................................... 1 500/10,000

151-50-8 Potassium Cyanide ......................................................................................................... b 10 100

506-61-6 Potassium Silver Cyanide ............................................................................................... b 1 500

2631-37-0 Prom ecarb ...................................................................................................................... d, h 1 500/10,000

106-96-7 Propargyl Brom ide .......................................................................................................... 10 10

57-57-8 Propiolactone, Beta- . ...................................................................................................... 10 500

107-12-0 Propionitrile ..................................................................................................................... 10 500

542-76-7 Propionitrile, 3-Chloro- . .................................................................................................. 1,000 1,000

70-69-9 Propiophenone, 4-Am ino- . ............................................................................................. g 100 100/10,000

109-61-5 Propyl Chloroform ate .................................................................................................. 500 500

75-56-9 Propylene Oxide ............................................................................................................. 1 100 10,000

75-55-8 Propyleneim ine ............................................................................................................... 1 10,000

2275-18-5 Prothoate ........................................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

129-00-0 Pyrene ............................................................................................................................. c 5,000 1,000/10,000

140-76-1 Pyridine, 2-M ethyl-5-Vinyl- . ....................................................................................... 500 500

504-24-5 Pyridine, 4-Am ino- . ........................................................................................................ h 1,000 500/10,000

1124-33-0 Pyridine, 4-Nitro-,I-O xide ................................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

53558-25-1 Pyrim inil .......................................................................................................................... h 100 100/10,000

14167-18-1 Salcom ine ....................................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

107-4 4-8 Sarin ................................................................................................................................ h 10 10

7783-00-8 Selenious Acid ................................................................................................................ 10 1,000/10,000

7791-23-3 Selenium O xychloride ......................................................................... ............... 500 500

563-41-7 Sem icarbazide Hydrochloride ......................................................................................... 1,000 1,000/10,000

3037-72-7 Silane, (4-Am inobutyl)Diethoxym ethyl- . ......................................................................... 1,000 1,000

7631-89-2 Sodium Arsenate ............................................................................................................ 1 1,000/10,000

7784-46-5 Sodium Arsenite ............................................................................................................. 1 500/10,000

26628-22-8 Sodium Azide (Na(N3)) ................................................................................................... b 1,000 500

124-6 5-2 Sodium Cacodylate ......................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

143-33-9 Sodium Cyanide (Na(CN)) .............................................................................................. b 10 100

62-74-8 Sodium Fluoroacetate ..................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

13410-01-0 Sodium Selenate ............................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

10102-18-8 Sodium Selenite .............................................................................................................. h 100 100/10,000

10102-20-2 Sodium Tellurite .............................................................................................................. 500 500/10,000

900-95-8 Stannane, Acetoxytriphenyl- . .......................................................................................... g 500 500/10,000

57-24-9 Strychnine ....................................................................................................................... c 10 100/10,000

60-41-3 Strychnine Sulfate ........................................................................................................... 10 100/10,000

3689-24-5 Sulfotep ........................................................................................................................... 100 500

3569-57-1 Sulfoxide, 3-Chloropropyl O ctyl ................................................................................. 500 500

7446-09-5 Sulfur Dioxide ................................................................................................................. 1 500 500

7783-60-0 Sulfur Tetrafluoride ......................................................................................................... 100 100

7446-11-9 Sulfur Trioxide ................................................................................................................. b 100 100

7664-93-9 Sulfuric Acid .................................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

77-81-6 Tabun .....................................................................................................

c, h 10 10

7783-80-4 Tellurium Hexafluoride .................................................................................................... k 100 100

107-4 9-3 TEPP ............................................................................................................................... 10 100

13071-79-9 Terbufos .......................................................................................................................... h 100 100

78-00-2 Tetraethyllead ................................................................................................................. c 10 100

597-6 4-8 Tetraethyltin .................................................................................................................... c 100 100

75-74-1 Tetram ethyllead .............................................................................................................. c, 1 100 100

509-14-8 Tetranitrom ethane ........................................................................................................... 10 500

HeinOnline -- 61 Fed. Reg. 20483 1996
20484 Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 89 / Tuesday, May 7, 1996 / Rules and Regulations

APPENDIX A TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES-Continued

[Alphabetical Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

10031-59- 1 T hallium S ulfate .............................................................................................................. h 100 100/10 ,000

6533-73-9 T hallous C arbonate ........................................................................................................ c, h 100 100/10,000

7791- 12-0 T hallous C hloride ............................................................................................................ c, h 100 100/10 ,000

2757- 18-8 T hallous M alonate .......................................................................................................... c, h 100 100/10 ,000

7446- 18-6 T ha llous S ulfate .............................................................................................................. 100 100/10 ,000

2231-57-4 T hiocarbazide ................................................................................................................. 1,000 1,000/10 ,000

39 196- 18-4 T hiofa nox ........................................................................................................................ 100 100/10 ,000

2 9 7 -9 7 -2 T h io n a z in ..................................................................................................

1 0 0 5 0 0

10 8 -9 8 -5 T h io p he no l .................................................................................................10 0 5 0 0

79- 19-6 T hiosem icarbazide .......................................................................................................... 100 100/10 ,000

5344-82-1 Thiourea, (2-Chlorophenyl)- . .......................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

614-78-8 Thiourea, (2-Methylphenyl)- . .......................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

7550-45-0 T itanium T etrachloride .................................................................................................... 1,000 100

584-84-9 Toluene 2,4- D iisocyanate .............................................................................................. 100 500

91-08-7 T oluene 2,6- D iisocyanate .............................................................................................. 100 100

110-57-6 T rans-1,4- D ichlorobutene .............................................................................................. 500 500

10 3 1- 4 7- 6 T ria m ipho s ...................................................................................................................... 5 00 50 0/10 ,0 00

2 40 17-4 7-8 T ria zo fo s ......................................................................................................................... 5 00 50 0

76-02-8 T richloroacetyl C hloride .................................................................................................. 500 500

115-2 1-9 T richloroethylsilane ......................................................................................................... h 500 500

3 2 7- 9 8- 0 T richlo ro nate ................................................................................................................... k 5 00 50 0

98- 13-5 T richlorophenylsilane ...................................................................................................... h 500 500

1558-25-4 Trichloro(Chloromethyl)Silane ........................................................................................ 100 100

27137-85-5 Trichloro(Dichlorophenyl) Silane ..................................................................................... 500 500

9 98- 3 0- 1 T riethoxysila ne ................................................................................................................ 5 00 50 0

75- 77-4 T rim ethylchlorosilane ...................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

824-11-3 Trimethylolpropane Phosphite ........................................................................................ h 100 100/10,000

1066-45- 1 T rim ethyltin C hloride ....................................................................................................... 500 500/10 ,000

639-58-7 T riphenyltin C hloride ....................................................................................................... 500 500/10 ,000

555-77- 1 T ris(2- C hloroethyl)A m ine ............................................................................................... h 100 100

2001-95-8 V alinom ycin ..................................................................................................................... c 1,000 1,000/10 ,000

13 14-62- 1 V anadium Pentoxide ....................................................................................................... 1,000 100/10 ,000

108-05-4 V inyl A cetate M onom er .................................................................................................. 1 5,000 1,000

8 1- 8 1- 2 W a rfa rin .......................................................................................................................... 10 0 5 0 0/10 ,0 0 0

129-0 6-6 W arfarin S odium ............................................................................................................. h 100 100/10 ,000

28347- 13-9 X ylylene D ichloride ......................................................................................................... 100 100/10 ,000

58270-08-9 Zinc, Dichloro(4,4- Dimethyl-5((((Methylamino)Carbonyl) Oxy)lmino)Pentanenitrile)-, 100 100/10,000

(T-4)-.

13 14- 84- 7 Z inc P ho sp hid e ............................................................................................................... b 100 50 0

* Only the statutory or final RQ is shown. For more information, see 40 CFR Table 302.4.

NOTES:

a This chemical does not meet acute toxicity criteria. Its TPQ is set at 10,000 pounds.

b This material is a reactive solid. The TPQ does not default to 10,000 pounds for non-powder, non-molten, nonsolution form. c The calculated TPQ changed after technical review as described in the technical support document.

d Indicates that the RQ is subject to change when the assessment of potential carcinogenicity and/or other toxicity is completed. e Statutory reportable quantity for purposes of notification under SARA sect 304(a)(2).

f [Reserved]

g New chemicals added that were not part of the original list of 402 substances.

h Revised TPQ based on new or re-evaluated toxicity data.

j TPQ is revised to its calculated value and does not change due to technical review as in proposed rule.

k The TPQ was revised after proposal due to calculation error. I Chemicals on the original list that do not meet toxicity criteria but because of their high production volume and recognized toxicity are considered chemicals of concern ("Other chemicals").

APPENDIX B TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES

[CAS Number Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

0

50-00-0

50-07-7

50-14-6

51-21-8

51-75-2

Organorhodium Complex (PMN-82-147) ......................................................................

F o rm a ld e h y d e .................................................................................................................

M ito m y c in C ....................................................................................................................

E rg o c a lc ife ro l ..................................................................................................................

F lu o ro u ra c il .....................................................................................................................

M e c h lo re th a m in e c ...........................................................................................................

10

100

10

1,000

500

10

10/10,000

500

500/10,000

1,000/10,000

500/10,000

10

HeinOnline -- 61 Fed. Reg. 20484 1996
Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 89 / Tuesday, May 7, 1996 / Rules and Regulations 20485

APPENDIX B TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES-Continued

[CAS Number Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

51-83-2 Carbachol Chloride ......................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

54-11-5 Nicotine ........................................................................................................................... c 100 100

54-62-6 Am inopterin ..................................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

55-91-4 Isofluorphate ................................................................................................................... c 100 100

56-25-7 Cantharidin ...................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

56-38-2 Parathion ......................................................................................................................... c 10 100

56-72-4 Coum aphos ..................................................................................................................... 10 100/10,000

57-14-7 Dim ethylhydrazine .......................................................................................................... 10 1,000

57-24-9 Strychnine ....................................................................................................................... 10 100/10,000

57-47-6 Physostigm ine ................................................................................................................. 1 100/10,000

57-57-8 Propiolactone, Beta- . ...................................................................................................... 10 500

57-64-7 Physostigm ine, Salicylate (1:1) ...................................................................................... d 1 100/10,000

57-74-9 Chlordane ....................................................................................................................... 1 1,000

58-36-6 Phenoxarsine, 10,10'-Oxydi- . ......................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

58-89-9 Lindane ........................................................................................................................... 1 1,000/10,000

59-88-1 Phenylhydrazine Hydrochloride ...................................................................................... 1,000 1,000/10,000

60-34-4 M ethyl Hydrazine ............................................................................................................ 10 500

60-41-3 Strychnine sulfate ........................................................................................................... 10 100/10,000

60-51-5 Dim ethoate ...................................................................................................................... 10 500/10,000

62-38-4 Phenylm ercury Acetate ................................................................................................... 100 500/10,000

62-53-3 Aniline ............................................................................................................................. 5,000 1,000

62-73-7 Dichlorvos ....................................................................................................................... 10 1,000

62-74-8 Sodium Fluoroacetate ..................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

62-75-9 Nitrosodim ethylam ine ..................................................................................................... h 10 1,000

64-00-6 Phenol, 3-(1-M ethylethyl)-, M ethylcarbam ate ................................................................. d 1 500/10,000

64-86-8 Colchicine ....................................................................................................................... h 10 10/10,000

65-30-5 Nicotine sulfate ............................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

66-81-9 Cyclohexim ide ................................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

67-66-3 Chloroform ...................................................................................................................... 1 10 10,000

70-69-9 Propiophenone, 4-Am ino- . .............................................................................................. g 100 100/10,000

71-63-6 Digitoxin .......................................................................................................................... c 100 100/10,000

72-20-8 Endrin .............................................................................................................................. 1 500/10,000

74-83-9 M ethyl Brom ide ............................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

74-90-8 Hydrocyanic Acid ............................................................................................................ 10 100

74-93-1 M ethyl M ercaptan ........................................................................................................... 1 100 500

75-15-0 Carbon Disulfide ............................................................................................................. 1 100 10,000

75-21-8 Ethylene O xide ............................................................................................................... 1 10 1,000

75-44-5 Phosgene ..................................................................................................

1 10 10

75-55-8 Propyleneim ine ............................................................................................................... 1 10,000

75-56-9 Propylene Oxide ............................................................................................................. 1 100 10,000

75-74-1 Tetram ethyllead .............................................................................................................. c, I 100 100

75-77-4 Trim ethylchlorosilane ...................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

75-78-5 Dim ethyldichlorosilane .................................................................................................... h 500 500

75-79-6 M ethyltrichlorosilane ....................................................................................................... h 500 500

75-86-5 Acetone Cyanohydrin ..................................................................................................... 10 1,000

76-02-8 Trichloroacetyl Chloride .................................................................................................. 500 500

77-47-4 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene ............................................................................................ h 10 100

77-78-1 Dim ethyl Sulfate .............................................................................................................. 100 500

77-81-6 Tabun .....................................................................................................c, h 10 10

78-00-2 Tetraethyllead ................................................................................................................. c 10 100

78-34-2 Dioxathion ....................................................................................................................... 500 500

78-53-5 Am iton ............................................................................................................................. 500 500

78-71-7 O xetane, 3,3-Bis(Chlorom ethyl)- . ................................................................................... 500 500

78-82-0 Isobutyronitrile ................................................................................................................. 1,000 1,000

78-94-4 M ethyl Vinyl Ketone ........................................................................................................ 10 10

78-97-7 Lactonitrile ....................................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

79-06-1 Acrylam ide ...................................................................................................................... 5,000 1,000/10,000

79-11-8 Chloroacetic Acid ............................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

79-19-6 Thiosem icarbazide .......................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

79-21-0 Peracetic Acid ................................................................................................................. 500 500

79-22-1 M ethyl Chloroform ate ..................................................................................................... h 1,000 500

80-63-7 M ethyl 2-Chloroacrylate .................................................................................................. 500 500

81-81-2 W arfarin .......................................................................................................................... 100 500/10,000

82-66-6 Diphacinone .................................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

86-50-0 Azinphos-M ethyl ............................................................................................................. 1 10/10,000

86-88-4 ANTU .............................................................................................................................. 100 500/10,000

88-05-1 Aniline, 2,4,6-Trim ethyl- . ................................................................................................. 500 500

88-85-7 Dinoseb ........................................................................................................................... 1,000 100/10,000

HeinOnline -- 61 Fed. Reg. 20485 1996
20486 Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 89 / Tuesday, May 7, 1996 / Rules and Regulations

APPENDIX B TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES-Continued

[CAS Number Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

91-08-7 Toluene 2,6-Diisocyanate ............................................................................................... 100 100

95-48-7 Cresol, o- ........................................................................................................................ . 100 1,000/10,000

98-05-5 Benzenearsonic Acid ...................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

98-07-7 Benzotrichloride .............................................................................................................. 10 100

98-13-5 Trichlorophenylsilane ...................................................................................................... h 500 500

98-16-8 Benzenam ine, 3-(Trifluorom ethyl)- . ................................................................................ 500 500

98-87-3 Benzal Chloride .............................................................................................................. 5,000 500

98-95-3 Nitrobenzene ................................................................................................................... 1,000 10,000

99-98-9 Dim ethyl-p-Phenylenediam ine ........................................................................................ 10 10/10,000

100-14-1 Benzene, 1-(Chlorom ethyl)-4-Nitro- . ............................................................................... 500 500/10,000

100-44-7 Benzyl Chloride ............................................................................................................... 100 500

102-36-3 Isocyanic Acid, 3,4-Dichlorophenyl Ester ....................................................................... 500 500/10,000

103-8 5-5 Phenylthiourea ................................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

106-8 9-8 Epichlorohydrin ............................................................................................................... 100 1,000

106-96-7 Propargyl Brom ide .......................................................................................................... 10 10

107-02-8 Acrolein ........................................................................................................................... 1 500

107-07-3 Chloroethanol .................................................................................................................. 500 500

107-11-9 Allylam ine ........................................................................................................................ 500 500

107-12-0 Propionitrile ..................................................................................................................... 10 500

107-13-1 Acrylonitrile ..................................................................................................................... 1 100 10,000

107-15-3 Ethylenediam ine ............................................................................................................. 5,000 10,000

107-16-4 Form aldehyde Cyanohydrin ............................................................................................ h 1,000 1,000

107-18-6 Allyl Alcohol .................................................................................................................... 100 1,000

107-30-2 Chlorom ethyl M ethyl Ether ............................................................................................. c 10 100

107-4 4-8 Sarin ................................................................................................................................ h 10 10

107-4 9-3 TEPP ............................................................................................................................... 10 100

108-05-4 Vinyl Acetate M onom er .................................................................................................. I 5,000 1,000

108-23-6 Isopropyl Chloroform ate ................................................................................................. 1,000 1,000

108-91-8 Cyclohexylam ine ............................................................................................................. 1 10,000 10,000

108-95-2 Phenol ............................................................................................................................. 1,000 500/10,000

108-98-5 Thiophenol .................................................................................................100 500

109-61-5 Propyl Chloroform ate ...................................................................................................... 500 500

109-77-3 M alononitrile .................................................................................................................... 1,000 500/10,000

110-00-9 Furan ............................................................................................................................... 100 500

110-57-6 Trans-1,4-Dichlorobutene ............................................................................................ 500 500

110-89-4 Piperidine ........................................................................................................................ 1,000 1,000

111-44-4 Dichloroethyl Ether ......................................................................................................... 10 10,000

111-69-3 Adiponitrile ...................................................................................................................... 1 1,000 1,000

115-21-9 Trichloroethylsilane ......................................................................................................... h 500 500

115-26-4 Dim efox ........................................................................................................................... 500 500

115-29-7 End losulfan ...................................................................................................................... 1 10/10,000

115-90-2 Fensulfothion .................................................................................................................. h 500 500

116-06-3 Aldicarb ........................................................................................................................... c 1 100/10,000

119-38-0 Isopropylm ethylpyrazolyl Dim ethylcarbam ate ................................................................ d 1 500

123-31-9 Hydroquinone .................................................................................................................. 1 100 500/10,000

123-73-9 Crotonaldehyde, (E)- . ..................................................................................................... . 100 1,000

124-65-2 Sodium Cacodylate ......................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

124-8 7-8 Picrotoxin ........................................................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

126-98-7 M ethacrylonitrile .............................................................................................................. h 1,000 500

129-00-0 Pyrene ............................................................................................................................. c 5,000 1,000/10,000

129-06-6 W arfarin Sodium ............................................................................................................. h 100 100/10,000

140-29-4 Benzyl Cyanide ............................................................................................................... h 500 500

140-76-1 Pyridine, 2-M ethyl-5-Vinyl- . ........................................................................................... 500 500

141-66-2 Dicrotophos ..................................................................................................................... 100 100

143-33-9 Sodium Cyanide (Na(CN)) .............................................................................................. b 10 100

144-4 9-0 Fluoroacetic Acid ............................................................................................................ 10 10/10,000

149-74-6 Dichlorom ethylphenylsilane ............................................................................................ 1,000 1,000

151-38-2 M ethoxyethylm ercuric Acetate ........................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

151-50-8 Potassium Cyanide ......................................................................................................... 10 100

151-56-4 Ethyleneim ine ................................................................................................................. 1 500

152-16-9 Diphosphoram ide, O ctam ethyl- . ..................................................................................... 100 100

297-78-9 Isobenzan ....................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

297-97-2 Thionazin ..................................................................................................

100 500

298-00-0 Parathion-M ethyl ............................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

298-02-2 Phorate ........................................................................................................................... 10 10

298-0 4-4 Disulfoton ........................................................................................................................ 1 500

300-62-9 Am phetam ine .................................................................................................................. 1,000 1,000

302-01-2 Hydrazine ........................................................................................................................ 1 1,000

HeinOnline -- 61 Fed. Reg. 20486 1996
Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 89 / Tuesday, May 7, 1996 / Rules and Regulations 20487

APPENDIX B TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES-Continued

[CAS Number Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

309-00-2 Aldrin ............................................................................................................................... 1 500/10,000

315-18-4 M exacarbate ................................................................................................................... 1,000 500/10,000

316-42-7 Em etine, Dihydrochloride ................................................................................................ h 1 1/10,000

327-98-0 Trichloronate ................................................................................................................... k 500 500

353-42-4 Boron Trifluoride Com pound W ith M ethyl Ether (1:1) .................................................... 1,000 1,000

359-06-8 Fluoroacetyl Chloride ...................................................................................................... c 10 10

371-62-0 Ethylene Fluorohydrin ..................................................................................................... c, h 10 10

379-79-3 Ergotam ine Tar trate ........................................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

465-73-6 Isodrin ............................................................................................................................. 1 100/10,000

470-90-6 Chlorfenvinfos ................................................................................................................. 500 500

502-39-6 M ethylm ercuric Dicyanam ide .......................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

504-24-5 Pyridine, 4-Am ino- . ......................................................................................................... h 1,000 500/10,000

505-60-2 M ustard Gas .................................................................................................................. h 500 500

506-61-6 Potassium Silver Cyanide ............................................................................................... b 1 500

506-68-3 Cyanogen Brom ide ......................................................................................................... 1,000 500/10,000

506-78-5 Cyanogen Iodide ............................................................................................................. 1,000 1,000/10,000

509-14-8 Tetranitrom ethane ........................................................................................................... 10 500

514-73-8 Dithiazanine Iodide ......................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

534-07-6 Bis(Chlorom ethyl) Ketone ............................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

534-52-1 Dinitrocresol .................................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

535-8 9-7 Crim idine ......................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

538-07-8 Ethylbis(2-Chloroethyl)Am ine ......................................................................................... h 500 500

541-25-3 Lew isite ........................................................................................................................... c, h 10 10

541-53-7 Dithiobiuret ...................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

542-76-7 Propionitrile, 3-Chloro- . ................................................................................................... . 1,000 1,000

542-88-1 Chlorom ethyl Ether ......................................................................................................... h 10 100

542-90-5 Ethylthiocyanate .............................................................................................................. 10,000 10,000

555-77-1 Tris(2-Chloroethyl)Am ine ................................................................................................ h 100 100

556-61-6 M ethyl Isothiocyanate ..................................................................................................... b 500 500

556-64-9 M ethyl Thiocyanate ......................................................................................................... 10,000 10,000

558-25-8 M ethanesulfonyl Fluoride ................................................................................................ 1,000 1,000

563-12-2 Ethion .............................................................................................................................. 10 1,000

563-41-7 Sem icarbazide Hydrochloride ......................................................................................... 1,000 1,000/10,000

584-84-9 Toluene 2,4-Diisocyanate ............................................................................................... 100 500

594-42-3 Perchlorom ethylm ercaptan ............................................................................................. 100 500

597-64-8 Tetraethyltin .................................................................................................................... 100 100

614-78-8 Thiourea, (2-M ethylphenyl)-. ........................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

624-8 3-9 M ethyl Isocyanate ........................................................................................................... 10 500

627-11-2 Chloroethyl Chloroform ate .............................................................................................. 1,000 1,000

630-60-4 O uabain .......................................................................................................................... c 100 100/10,000

639-58-7 Triphenyltin Chloride ....................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

640-19-7 Fluoroacetam ide ............................................................................................................. j 100 100/10,000

644-64-4 Dim etilan ......................................................................................................................... d 1 500/10,000

675-14-9 Cyanuric Fluoride ............................................................................................................ 100 100

676-97-1 M ethyl Phosphonic Dichloride ........................................................................................ b 100 100

696-28-6 Phenyl Dichloroarsine ..................................................................................................... h 1 500

732-11-6 Phosm et .......................................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

760-93-0 M ethacrylic Anhydride .................................................................................................... 500 500

786-19-6 Carbophenothion ............................................................................................................ 500 500

814-49-3 Diethyl Chlorophosphate ................................................................................................ h 500 500

814-688-6 Acrylyl Chloride ............................................................................................................... h 100 100

824-11-3 Trim ethylolpropane Phosphite ........................................................................................ h 100 100/10,000

900-95-8 Stannane, Acetoxytriphenyl- . .......................................................................................... g 500 500/10,000

919-8 6-8 Dem eton-S-M ethyl .......................................................................................................... 500 500

920-46-7 M ethacryloyl Chloride ..................................................................................................... 100 100

944-22-9 Fonofos ...................................................................................................500 500

947-02-4 Phosfolan ........................................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

950-10-7 M ephosfolan ................................................................................................................... 500 500

950-37-8 M ethidathion ................................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

991-4 2-4 Norborm ide ..................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

998-30-1 Triethoxysilane ................................................................................................................ 500 500

999-81-5 Chlorm equat Chloride ..................................................................................................... h 100 100/10,000

1031-47-6 Triam iphos ...................................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

1066-45-1 Trim ethyltin Chloride ....................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

1122-60-7 Nitrocyclohexane ............................................................................................................ 500 500

1124-33-0 Pyridine, 4-Nitro-,1-O xide ............................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

1129-41-5 M etolcarb ........................................................................................................................ 1 100/10,000

1303-28-2 Arsenic Pentoxide ........................................................................................................... 1 100/10,000

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20488 Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 89 / Tuesday, May 7, 1996 / Rules and Regulations

APPENDIX B TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES-Continued

[CAS Number Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

1306-19-0 Cadm ium O xide .............................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

1314-62-1 Vanadium Pentoxide ....................................................................................................... 1,000 100/10,000

1314-84-7 Zinc Phosphide ............................................................................................................... b 100 500

1327-53-3 Arsenous O xide .............................................................................................................. h 1 100/10,000

1397-94-0 Antim ycin A ..................................................................................................................... c 1,000 1,000/10,000

1420-07-1 Dinoterb .......................................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

1464-53-5 Diepoxybutane ................................................................................................................ 10 500

1558-25-4 Trichloro(Chlorom ethyl)Silane ........................................................................................ 100 100

1563-66-2 Carbofuran ...................................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

1600-27-7 M ercuric Acetate ............................................................................................................. 500 500/10,000

1622-32-8 Ethanesulfonyl Chloride, 2-Chloro-. ................................................................................ 500 500

1752-30-3 Acetone Thiosem icarbazide ........................................................................................... 1,000 1,000/10,000

1910-42-5 Paraquat Dichloride ........................................................................................................ 10 10/10,000

1982-47-4 Chloroxuron .................................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

2001-95-8 Valinom ycin ..................................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000/10,000

2032-65-7 M ethiocarb ...................................................................................................................... 10 500/10,000

2074-50-2 Paraquat M ethosulfate .................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

2097-19-0 Phenylsilatrane ............................................................................................................... h 100 100/10,000

2104-64-5 EPN ................................................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

2223-93-0 Cadm ium Stearate .......................................................................................................... c 1,000 1,000/10,000

2231-57-4 Thiocarbazide ................................................................................................................. 1,000 1,000/10,000

2238-07-5 Diglycidyl Ether ............................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

2275-18-5 Prothoate ........................................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

2497-07-6 O xydisulfoton .................................................................................................................. 500 500

2524-03-0 Dim ethyl Phosphorochloridothioate ................................................................................ 500 500

2540-82-1 Form othion ...................................................................................................................... 100 100

2570-26-5 Pentad lecylam ine ............................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

2587-90-8 Phosphorothioic Acid, O,O-Dimethyl-S-(2-Methylthio) Ethyl Ester ................................ c, g 500 500

2631-37-0 Prom ecarb ...................................................................................................................... d, h 1 500/10,000

2636-26-2 Cyanophos .................................................................................................

1,000 1,000

2642-71-9 Azinphos-Ethyl ................................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

2665-30-7 Phosphonothioic Acid, Methyl-, O-(4-Nitrophenyl) O-Phenyl Ester ............................... 500 500

2703-13-1 Phosphonothioic Acid, Methyl-, O-Ethyl O-(4-(Methylthio)Phenyl) Ester ....................... 500 500

2757-18-8 Thallous M alonate .......................................................................................................... c, h 100 100/10,000

2763-96-4 M uscim ol ......................................................................................................................... 1,000 500/10,000

2778-04-3 Endothion ........................................................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

3037-72-7 Silane, (4-Am inobutyl)Diethoxym ethyl- . .......................................................................... 1,000 1,000

3254-63-5 Phosphoric Acid, Dim ethyl 4-(M ethylthio)Phenyl Ester .................................................. 500 500

3569-57-1 Sulfoxide, 3-Chloropropyl O ctyl ...................................................................................... 500 500

3615-21-2 Benzim idazole, 4,5-Dichloro-2-(Trifluorom ethyl)- . .......................................................... g 500 500/10,000

3689-24-5 Sulfotep ........................................................................................................................... 100 500

3691-35-8 Chlorophacinone ............................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

3734-97-2 Am iton O xalate ............................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

3735-23-7 M ethyl Phenkapton ......................................................................................................... 500 500

3878-19-1 Fuberidlazole ................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

4044-65-9 Bitoscanate ..................................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

4098-71-9 Isophorone Diisocyanate ................................................................................................ 100 100

4104-14-7 Phosacetim .................................................................................................

100 100/10,000

4170-30-3 Crotonaldehyde ............................................................................................................... 100 1,000

4301-50-2 Fluenetil .......................................................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

4418-66-0 Phenol, 2,2'-Thiobis(4-Chloro-6-M ethyl)- . ....................................................................... 100 100/10,000

4835-11-4 Hexam ethylenediam ine, N,N'-Dibutyl- . ........................................................................... 500 500

5344-82-1 Thiourea, (2-Chlorophenyl)-. ........................................................................................... 100 100/10,000

5836-29-3 Coum ratetralyl .................................................................................................................. 500 500/10,000

6533-73-9 Thallous Carbonate ........................................................................................................ c, h 100 100/10,000

6923-22-4 M onocrotophos ............................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

7446-09-5 Sulfur Dioxide ................................................................................................................. 500 500

7446-11-9 Sulfur Trioxide ................................................................................................................. b 100 100

7446-18-6 Thallous Sulfate .............................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

7487-94-7 M ercuric Chloride ............................................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

7550-45-0 Titanium Tetrachloride .................................................................................................... 1,000 100

7580-67-8 Lithium Hydride ............................................................................................................... 100 100

7631-89-2 Sodium Arsenate ............................................................................................................ 1 1,000/10,000

7637-07-2 Boron Trifluoride ............................................................................................................. 500 500

7647-01-0 Hydrogen Chloride (gas only) ......................................................................................... 5,000 500

7664-39-3 Hydrogen Fluoride .......................................................................................................... 100 100

7664-41-7 Am m onia ......................................................................................................................... 100 500

7664-93-9 Sulfuric Acid .................................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

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Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 89 / Tuesday, May 7, 1996 / Rules and Regulations 20489

APPENDIX B TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES-Continued

[CAS Number Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

7697-37-2 Nitric Acid ........................................................................................................................ 1,000 1,000

7719-12-2 Phosphorus Trichloride ................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

7722-84-1 Hydrogen Peroxide (Conc > 52% ) ................................................................................. I 1,000 1,000

7723-14-0 Phosphorus .................................................................................................b, h 1 100

7726-95-6 Brom ine ........................................................................................................................... 1 500 500

7778-44-1 Calcium Arsenate ........................................................................................................... 1 500/10,000

7782-41-4 Fluorine ........................................................................................................................... k 10 500

7782-50-5 Chlorine ........................................................................................................................... 10 100

7783-00-8 Selenious Acid ................................................................................................................ 10 1,000/10,000

7783-06-4 Hydrogen Sulfide ............................................................................................................ 1 100 500

7783-07-5 Hydrogen Selenide ......................................................................................................... 10 10

7783-60-0 Sulfur Tetrafluoride ......................................................................................................... 100 100

7783-70-2 Antim ony Pentafluoride ................................................................................................... 500 500

7783-80-4 Tellurium Hexafluoride .................................................................................................... k 100 100

7784-34-1 Arsenous Trichloride ....................................................................................................... 1 500

7784-42-1 Arsine .....................................................................................................100 100

7784-46-5 Sodium Arsenite ............................................................................................................. 1 500/10,000

7786-34-7 M evinphos .................................................................................................10 500

7791-12-0 Thallous Chloride ............................................................................................................ c, h 100 100/10,000

7791-23-3 Selenium O xychloride ..................................................................................................... 500 500

7803-51-2 Phosphine .................................................................................................100 500

8001-35-2 Cam phechlor ................................................................................................................... 1 500/10,000

8065-48-3 Dem eton ......................................................................................................................... 500 500

10025-73-7 Chrom ic Chloride ............................................................................................................ 1 1/10,000

10025-87-3 Phosphorus O xychloride ................................................................................................. 1,000 500

10026-13-8 Phosphorus Pentachloride .............................................................................................. b 500 500

10028-15-6 O zone ....................................................................................................100 100

10031-59-1 Thallium Sulfate .............................................................................................................. h 100 100/10,000

10102-18-8 Sodium Selenite .............................................................................................................. h 100 100/10,000

10102-20-2 Sodium Tellurite .............................................................................................................. 500 500/10,000

10102-4 3-9 Nitric O xide ..................................................................................................................... c 10 100

10102-4 4-0 Nitrogen Dioxide ............................................................................................................. 10 100

10124-50-2 Potassium Arsenite ......................................................................................................... 1 500/10,000

10140-87-1 Ethanol, 1,2-Dichloro-, Acetate ....................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

10210-68-1 Cobalt Carbonyl .............................................................................................................. h 10 10/10,000

10265-92-6 M etham idophos .............................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

10294-34-5 Boron Trichloride ............................................................................................................ 500 500

10311-84-9 Dialifor ............................................................................................................................. 100 100/10,000

10476-95-6 M ethacrolein Diacetate ................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

12002-03-8 Paris G reen ..................................................................................................................... 1 500/10,000

12108-13-3 M anganese, Tricarbonyl M ethylcyclopentadienyl ........................................................... h 100 100

13071-79-9 Terbufosh ........................................................................................................................ h 100 100

13171-21-6 Phospham idon ..............................................................................................100 100

13194-4 8-4 Ethoprophos .................................................................................................................... 1,000 1,000

13410-01-0 Sodium Selenate ............................................................................................................ 100 100/10,000

13450-90-3 Gallium Trichloride .......................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

13463-39-3 Nickel Carbonyl ............................................................................................................... 10 1

13463-40-6 Iron, Pentacarbonyl- . ...................................................................................................... 100 100

14167-18-1 Salcom ine ....................................................................................................................... 500 500/10,000

15271-41-7 Bicyclo[2.2.1]Heptane-2-Carbonitrile, 5-Chloro-6- 500 500/10,000

((((Methylamino)Carbonyl)Oxy)lmino)-, (ls-(1-alpha,2-beta,4-alpha,5-alpha,6E))-.

16752-77-5 M ethom yl ........................................................................................................................ h 100 500/10,000

17702-41-9 Decaborane(14) .............................................................................................................. 500 500/10,000

17702-57-7 Form paranated ............................................................................................................... d 1 100/10,000

19287-4 5-7 Diborane ......................................................................................................................... 100 100

19624-22-7 Pentaborane ................................................................................................................... 500 500

20830-75-5 Digoxin ............................................................................................................................ h 10 10/10,000

20859-73-8 Alum inum Phosphide ...................................................................................................... b 100 500

21548-32-3 Fosthietan ....................................................................................................................... 500 500

21609-90-5 Leptophos .................................................................................................500 500/10,000

21908-53-2 M ercuric O xide ................................................................................................................ 500 500/10,000

21923-23-9 Chlorthiophos .................................................................................................................. h 500 500

22224-92-6 Fenam iphos .................................................................................................................... 10 10/10,000

23135-22-0 O xam yl ............................................................................................................................ d 1 100/10,000

23422-53-9 Form etanate Hydrochloride ............................................................................................ d, h 1 500/10,000

23505-4 1-1 Pirim ifos-Ethyl ................................................................................................................. 1,000 1,000

24017-4 7-8 Triazofos ......................................................................................................................... 500 500

24934-91-6 Chlorm ephos ................................................................................................................... 500 500

HeinOnline -- 61 Fed. Reg. 20489 1996
20490 Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 89 / Tuesday, May 7, 1996 / Rules and Regulations

APPENDIX B TO PART 355-THE LIST OF EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND THEIR THRESHOLD PLANNING

QUANTITIES-Continued

[CAS Number Order]

Reportable Threshold planCAS No. Chemical name Notes quantity* ning quantity

(pounds) (pounds)

26419-73-8 Carbamic Acid, Methyl-, O-(((2,4-Dimethyl-1, 3-Dithiolan-2-yl)Methylene)Amino)- . ...... d 1 100/10,000

26628-22-8 Sodium A zide (N a(N 3)) ................................................................................................... b 1,000 500

27137-85-5 Trichloro(D ichlorophenyl)Silane ...................................................................................... 500 500

28347- 13-9 X ylylene D ichloride ......................................................................................................... 100 100/10 ,000

28772-56-7 B rom adiolone .................................................................................................................. 100 100/10 ,000

30674-80-7 M ethacryloyloxyethyl Isocyanateh .................................................................................. 100 100

3 9 196- 18- 4 T hiofa no x ........................................................................................................................ 100 10 0/10 ,0 00

50782-69-9 Phosphonothioic Acid, Methyl-, S-(2-(Bis(1-Methylethyl)Amino)Ethyl) O-Ethyl Ester .... 100 100

5 35 58- 2 5- 1 P yrim inil .......................................................................................................................... h 100 10 0/10 ,0 00

58270-08-9 Zinc, Dichloro(4,4-Dimethyl-5((((Methylamino) Carbonyl)Oxy)lmino)Pentanenitrile)-, 100 100/10,000

(T-4)-.

62207-76-5 Cobalt, ((2,2'-(1,2-Ethanediylbis (Nitrilomethylidyne)) Bis(6-Fluorophenolato)) (2-)- 100 100/10,000

N,N',O,O')-.

*Only the statutory or final RQ is shown. For more information, see 40 CFR Table 302.4.

NOTES:

a. This chemical does not meet acute toxicity criteria. Its TPQ is set at 10,000 pounds.

b. This material is a reactive solid. The TPQ does not default to 10,000 pounds for non-powder, non-molten, non-solution form. c. The calculated TPQ changed after technical review as described in the technical support document.

d. Indicates that the RQ is subject to change when the assessment of potential carcinogenicity and/or other toxicity is completed.

e. Statutory reportable quantity for purposes of notification under SARA sect 304(a)(2).

f. [Reserved]

g. New chemicals added that were not part of the original list of 402 substances.

h. Revised TPQ based on new or re-evaluated toxicity data.

j. TPQ is revised to its calculated value and does not change due to technical review as in proposed rule.

k. The TPQ was revised after proposal due to calculation error. I. Chemicals on the original list that do not meet toxicity criteria but because of their high production volume and recognized toxicity are considered chemicals of concern ("Other chemicals").

[FR Doc. 96 11209 Filed 5 6 96; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6560-50-P

FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS

COMMISSION

47 CFR Part 73

[MM Docket No. 94-61; RM-8464]

Radio Broadcasting Services;

Garberville and Hydesville, CA

AGENCY: Federal Communications

Commission.

ACTION: Final rule.

SUMMARY: This document allots Channel

231C1 to Hydesville, California. This

document also dismisses a proposal by

Brett E. Miller to reallot Channel 279C1

from Garberville, California, to

Hydesville, California. See 59 FR 35081,

July 8, 1996. The reference coordinates

for Channel 231C1 are 40-27-58 and

124-04-28. With this action, the

proceeding is terminated.

DATES: Effective June 14, 1996. The

window period for filing applications

will open on June 14, 1996, and close

on July 15, 1996.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Robert Hayne, Mass Media Bureau,

(202)418-2177.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This is a

synopsis of the Commission's Report

and Order in MM Docket No. 94-61,

adopted April 16, 1996, and released

April 30, 1996. The full text of this

Commission decision is available for

inspection and copying during normal

business hours in the FCC Reference

Center (Room 239), 1919 M Street, NW.,

Washington, DC. The complete text of

this decision may also be purchased

from the Commission's copy contractor,

International Transcription Service,

Inc., (202) 857-3800, 1919 M Street,

NW., Room 246, or 2100 M Street, NW.,

Suite 140, Washington, DC 20037.

List of Subjects in 47 CFR Part 73

Radio broadcasting.

Part 73 of title 47 of the Code of

Federal Regulations is amended as

follows:

PART 73-[AMENDED]

1. The authority citation for part 73

continues to read as follows:

Authority: Secs. 303, 48 Stat., as amended,

1082; 47 U.S.C. 154, as amended.

§ 73.202 [Amended]

2. Section 73.202(b), the Table of FM

Allotments under California, is

amended by adding Hydesville, Channel

231C1.

Federal Communications Commission.

John A Karousos,

Chief, Allocations Branch, Policy and Rules

Division, Mass Media Bureau.

[FR Doc. 96 11325 Filed 5 6 96; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6712-01-F

47 CFR Part 73

[MM Docket No. 91-137, RM-7494]

Radio Broadcasting Services; Saltville,

VA and Jefferson, NC

AGENCY: Federal Communications

Commission.

ACTION: Final rule; denial of

reconsideration.

SUMMARY: The Chief, Policy and Rules

Division denied the petition for

reconsideration, filed by Smith

Communications, Inc., of the Report and

Order in this proceeding, 56 FR 23260,

published May 21, 1991. The Chief also

affirmed the Report and Order and its

use of the Commission's standard

propagation prediction methodology.

The Report and Order had granted the

petition (RM-7494) of 106.1, Inc. to

upgrade the construction permit at

Saltville from Channel 291A to Channel

291C3, to reallot it to Jefferson, and to

modify its permit to specify Jefferson as

the new community of license. With

HeinOnline -- 61 Fed. Reg. 20490 1996
Federal Register / Vol. 61, No. 89 / Tuesday, May 7, 1996 / Rules and Regulations

this action, the proceeding is

terminated.

EFFECTIVE DATE: May 7, 1996.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: J.

Bertron Withers, Jr., Mass Media

Bureau, (202) 418-2180.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This is a

synopsis of the Commission's

Memorandum Opinion and Order, MM

Docket No. 91-137, adopted April 19,

1996 and released April 30, 1996. The

full text of this Commission decision is

available for inspection and copying

during normal business hours in FCC's

Reference Center (Room 239), 1919 M

Street, NW., Washington, DC. The

complete text of this decision may also

be purchased from the Commission's

copy contractor, International

Transcription Services, 2100 M Street,

NW., Suite 140, Washington, DC 20037,

(202) 857-3800.

Federal Communications Commission.

Douglas W. Webbink,

Chief, Policy and Rules Division, Mass Media

Bureau.

[FR Doc. 96 11326 Filed 5 6 96; 8:45 am]

BILLING CODE 6712-01-F

DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS

AFFAIRS

48 CFR Parts 801, 803, 804, 805, 806,

808, 810, 812, 813, 815, 816, 820, 822,

828, 833, 834, 836, 837, and 846

RIN 2900-AI02

VA Acquisition Regulations:

Miscellaneous Amendments

AGENCY: Department of Veterans Affairs.

ACTION: Final rule.

SUMMARY: This document amends the

Department of Veterans Affairs

Acquisition Regulations (VAAR) to

eliminate restatements of the Federal

Acquisition Regulation (FAR), to

eliminate provisions duplicative of

other provisions in the VAAR, to

eliminate internal procedures not

required to be included in regulations,

to eliminate provisions that refer to

activities that no longer can occur (such

as regulations concerning VA depots

which no longer exist), to make

corrections, and to make clarifications.

EFFECTIVE DATE: May 7, 1996.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

Sherry Patton for parts 801, 803, 804,

805, 834, 836 and 837; Don Kaliher for

parts 806, 808, 810, 812, 828 and 833;

Wanza Lewis for parts 813, 815, 816,

820 and 822; and Ramona Jones for part

846; Acquisition Policy Division (95A),

Office of Acquisition and Materiel

Management, Department of Veterans

Affairs, 810 Vermont Avenue NW.,

Washington, DC 20420, (202) 565-4424.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This final

rule consists of nonsubstantive changes

and, therefore, is not subject to the

notice and comment and effective date

provisions of 5 U.S.C. 553. Also, this

final rule is not a significant revision as

defined in FAR 1.501-1.

The Secretary hereby certifies that

this final rule will not have a significant

economic impact on a substantial

number of small entities as they are

defined in the Regulatory Flexibility Act

(RFA), 5 U.S.C. 601-602. This final rule

would not cause a significant effect on

any entities since it does not contain

any substantive provisions. Therefore,

pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 605(b), this

amendment is exempt from the initial

and final regulatory flexibility analysis

requirements of sections 603 and 604.

List of Subjects

48 CFR Parts 801 and 836

Government procurement, Reporting

and recordkeeping requirements.

48 CFR Part 803

Antitrust, Conflict of interest,

Government procurement.

48 CFR Parts 804, 805, 806, 810, 812,

813, 815, 816, , 834, 837 and 846.

Government procurement.

48 CFR Part 808

Government procurement, Utilities.

48 CFR Parts 820 and 822

Government procurement, Labor.

48 CFR Part 828

Government procurement, Insurance,

Surety bonds.

48 CFR Part 833

Administrative practice and

procedure, Government procurement.

Approved: April 29, 1996.

Jesse Brown,

Secretary of Veterans Affairs.

For the reasons set out in the

preamble, 48 CFR Chapter 8 is amended

as follows:

PART 801-VETERANS AFFAIRS

ACQUISITION REGULATIONS SYSTEM

1. The authority citation for parts 801,

803,804, 805,806,808, 810, 812, 813,

815,816,822, 828,833,836,837, and

846 is revised to read as follows:

Authority: 38 U.S.C. 501 and 40 U.S.C.

486(c).

801.104 [Removed]

2. Section 801.104 is removed.

801.104-1 [Removed]

3. Section 801.104-1 is removed.

801.104-3 [Removed]

4. Section 801.104-3 is removed.

801.201 [Removed]

5. Section 801.201 is removed.

801.301 [Amended]

6. In § 801.301, paragraph (c) is

removed.

801.403 [Amended]

7. In § 801.403, paragraph (b) is

amended by removing the last sentence.

801.470 [Removed]

8. Section 801.470 is removed.

801.602-72 [Amended]

9. In § 801.602-72, paragraph (e)(5) is

amended by removing "806.303" and

adding, in its place, "FAR 6.303".

801.670-6 [Removed]

10. Section 801.670-6 is removed.

PART 803-IMPROPER BUSINESS

PRACTICES AND PERSONAL

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

803.101-3 [Amended]

11. In § 803.101-3, paragraph (a) is

amended by removing the second and

third sentences; paragraph (c) is

removed; and paragraph (d) is

redesignated as a new paragraph (c).

803.104-5 [Removed]

12. Section 803.104-5 is removed.

803.104-9 [Removed]

13. Section 803.104-9 is removed.

803.104-11 [Removed]

14. Section 803.104-11 is removed.

803.104-12 [Removed]

15. Section 803.104-12 is removed.

803.3 [Amended]

16. In subpart 803.3, the subpart

heading is amended by removing

"IDENTICAL BIDS AND".

803.301 [Removed]

17. Section 803.301 is removed.

803.408 [Removed]

18. Section 803.408 is removed.

803.408-1 [Removed]

19. Section 803.408-1 is removed.

803.409 [Amended]

20. In § 803.409, paragraph (a) is

removed and the paragraph designation

"(b)" is removed.

803.603 [Removed]

21. Subpart 803.6 consisting of

§ 803.603 is removed.

20491

HeinOnline -- 61 Fed. Reg. 20491 1996