HRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD--REVIEW COVER SHEET 

Name of Site: Eighteenmile Creek 

Date Prepared: September 2011 

Contact Person: 

Documentation Record: Ildefonso Acosta 

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

New York, NY 

Pathways, Components, or Threats Not Scored 

Surface Water: The Surface Water Migration Pathway Drinking Water Threat was not scored. Water from Eighteenmile 

Creek is not used for drinking water purposes [Ref. 43, p. 1]. The Human Food Chain and Environmental Threats 

produce an overall score above the minimum required for the site to qualify for the National Priorities List. 

Ground Water: The Ground Water Migration Pathway is not scored because there is not sufficient documentation to 

score the Ground Water Pathway, nor would the pathway contribute significantly to the site score based on the available 

data. 

Soil Exposure: Although the proposed site consists of a contaminated sediment plume, there are numerous residential 

properties along the banks of Eighteenmile Creek. During flooding events, the contaminated sediment from 

Eighteenmile Creek might have contributed to soil contamination. However, soil contamination was not considered in 

scoring the site at this time because there is not sufficient documentation to score the Soil Exposure Pathway; regardless, 

the pathway score based on the available data would not affect the listing decision. 

Air: No samples were collected to characterize the Air Migration Pathway; there is no documentation of an observed 

release or of potential contamination. The Air Migration Pathway would not contribute to the site score based on 

available data. 

The Ground Water, Soil Exposure, and Air Pathways might be evaluated further during future investigations because 

evaluation of those pathways might lead to identification of contributing sources of sediment contamination. 
This page has been left blank intentionally. 
 

 

 

HRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD 

Name of Site: Eighteenmile Creek Date Prepared: September 2011 

EPA ID No.: NYN000206456 

EPA Region: 2 

Street Address of Site*: 198-300 Mill Street, Lockport, NY 14094 

County and State: Niagara County, New York 

General Location in the State: Western New York State; Southern side of Lake Ontario 

Topographic Map: Lockport, NY and Newfane, NY 

Latitude*: 43° 10′ 52.68” North Longitude*: 78° 41′ 22.36′′ West 

Site Reference Point: Eighteenmile Creek just south of its intersection with William Street (midway 

between 198 and 300 Mill Street), Lockport, New York 

[Ref. 3, p. 1; 4, p. 1, 2; 5, p. 1; 10, p. 1] 

* The street address, coordinates, and contaminant locations presented in this Hazard Ranking System (HRS) 

documentation record identify the general area where the site originates. They represent one or more locations EPA 

considers to be part of the site based on the screening information EPA used to evaluate the site for NPL listing. EPA 

lists national priorities among the known "releases or threatened releases" of hazardous substances; thus, the focus is on 

the release, not precisely delineated boundaries. A site is defined as where a hazardous substance has been "deposited, 

stored, placed, or otherwise come to be located." Generally, HRS scoring and the subsequent listing of a release merely 

represent the initial determination that a certain area may need to be addressed under CERCLA. Accordingly, EPA 

contemplates that the preliminary description of facility boundaries at the time of scoring will be refined as more 

information is developed as to where the contamination has come to be located. 

 Scores 

Ground Water Pathway 

Surface Water Pathway 

Soil Exposure Pathway 

Air Pathway 

Not Scored 

100.00 

Not Scored 

Not Scored 

HRS SITE SCORE 50.00 

1 
 

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING HRS SITE SCORE 

 EIGHTEENMILE CREEK

 S S2 

1. Ground Water Migration Pathway Score (Sgw) 

(from Table 3-1, line 13) 

Not Scored 

2a. Surface Water Overland/Flood Migration Component 

(from Table 4-1, line 30) 

100.00 10,000 

2b. Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Component 

(from Table 4-25, line 28) 

Not Scored 

2c. Surface Water Migration Pathway Score (Ssw) 

Enter the larger of lines 2a and 2b as the pathway score. 

100.00 10,000 

3. Soil Exposure Pathway Score (Ss) 

(from Table 5-1, line 22) 

Not Scored 

4. Air Migration Pathway Score (Sa) 

(from Table 6-1, line 12) 

Not Scored 

5. Total of Sgw 2

 + Ssw 2 + Ss 

2

 + Sa 

2

 10,000 

6. HRS Site Score Divide the value on line 5 

by 4 and take the square root 50.00 

2 
 

 

 

SURFACE WATER OVERLAND/FLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET 

EIGHTEENMILE CREEK 

SURFACE WATER OVERLAND/FLOOD 

MIGRATION COMPONENT 

Factor Categories & Factors 

DRINKING WATER THREAT 

MAXIMUM 

VALUE 

VALUE 

ASSIGNED 

Likelihood of Release 

1. Observed Release 550 550 

2. Potential to Release by Overland Flow 

2a. Containment 10 not scored 

2b. Runoff 25 not scored 

2c. Distance to Surface Water 25 not scored 

2d. Potential to Release by Overland Flow 500 not scored 

(lines 2a [2b + 2c]) 

3. Potential to Release by Flood 

3a. Containment (Flood) 10 not scored 

3b. Flood Frequency 50 not scored 

3c. Potential to Release by Flood 500 not scored 

(lines 3a x 3b) 

4. Potential to Release (lines 2d + 3c) 500 not scored 

5. Likelihood of Release (higher of lines 1 and 4) 550 550 

Waste Characteristics 

6. Toxicity/Persistence 

7. Hazardous Waste Quantity 

8. Waste Characteristics 

* 

* 

100 

 not scored 

 not scored 

 not scored 

Targets 

9. Nearest Intake 50 not scored 

10. Population 

10a. Level I Concentrations ** not scored 

10b. Level II Concentrations ** not scored 

10c. Potential Contamination ** not scored 

10d. Population (lines 10a + 10b + 10c) ** not scored 

11. Resources 5 not scored 

12. Targets (lines 9 + 10d + 11) ** not scored 

13. DRINKING WATER THREAT SCORE 

([lines 5 x 8 x 12]/82,500) 

100 not scored 

* Maximum value applies to waste characteristics category. 

** Maximum value not applicable 

3 
 

 

 

SURFACE WATER OVERLAND/FLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET 

EIGHTEENMILE CREEK 

SURFACE WATER OVERLAND/FLOOD 

MIGRATION COMPONENT 

Factor Categories & Factors 

HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT 

MAXIMUM 

VALUE 

VALUE 

ASSIGNED 

Likelihood of Release 

14. Likelihood of Release (same as line 5) 550 550 

Waste Characteristics 

15. Toxicity/Persistence/Bioaccumulation 

16. Hazardous Waste Quantity 

17. Waste Characteristics 

* 

* 

1,000 

5.00E+08 

100 

320 

Targets 

18. Food Chain Individual 

19. Population 

19a. Level I Concentrations 

19b. Level II Concentrations 

19c. Potential Human Food Chain Contamination 

19d. Population (lines 19a + 19b + 19c) 

20. Targets (lines 18 + 19d) 

50 

** 

** 

** 

** 

** 

45 

0 

0.03 

0.003 

0.033 

45.033 

21. HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT SCORE 

([lines 14 x 17 x 20]/82,500) 

100 96.07 

* Maximum value applies to waste characteristics category. 

** Maximum value not applicable 

4 
 

 

 

 

 

SURFACE WATER OVERLAND/FLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET 

EIGHTEENMILE CREEK 

SURFACE WATER OVERLAND/FLOOD 

MIGRATION COMPONENT 

Factor Categories & Factors 

ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT 

MAXIMUM 

VALUE 

VALUE 

ASSIGNED 

Likelihood of Release 

22. Likelihood of Release (same as line 5) 550 550 

Waste Characteristics 

23. Ecosystem Toxicity/Persistence/Bioaccumulation 

24. Hazardous Waste Quantity 

25. Waste Characteristics 

* 

* 

1,000 

5.00E+08 

100 

320 

Targets 

26. Sensitive Environments 

26a. Level I Concentrations 

26b. Level II Concentrations 

26c. Potential Contamination 

26d. Sensitive Environments (lines 26a + 26b + 26c) 

27. Targets (line 26d) 

** 

** 

** 

** 

** 

0 

100 

not scored 

100 

100 

28. ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT SCORE 

([lines 22 x 25 x 27]/82,500) 

60 60.00 

29. WATERSHED SCORE (lines 13 + 21 + 28) 100 100.00 

30. SURFACE WATER OVERLAND/FLOOD 

MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE (Sof) 

100 100.00 

SURFACE WATER MIGRATION PATHWAY 

SCORE (Ssw) 

100 100.00 

* Maximum value applies to waste characteristics category. 

** Maximum value not applicable 

5 
 

REFERENCES 

Reference 

Number Description of the Reference 

1.	 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Hazard Ranking System, Final Rule. Federal Register, 

Volume 55, No. 241, pp. 51532-51667. December 14, 1990. [138 pages] 

2.	 EPA. Superfund Chemical Data Matrix, SCDM Data Version: 1/28/2004, Appendices B-I (Hazardous 

Substances Factor Values), B-II (Hazardous Substance Benchmarks) (excerpts). Downloaded from 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/hrsres/tools/scdm.htm on April 6, 2009. [9 pages] 

3.	 EPA. Superfund Information Systems, CERCLIS Database, Eighteenmile Creek: Site Information. 

Downloaded from http://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/cursites/csitinfo.cfm?id=0206456 on July 5, 2011. [1 

page] 

4.	 U.S. Department of the Interior Geological Survey (USGS). Lockport Quadrangle, New York, 7.5-Minute 

Series (Topographic). 1980; and Newfane Quadrangle, New York, 7.5-Minute Series Topographic). 1978. 

[2 maps] 

5.	 New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Region 9 Division of Environmental 

Remediation. Remedial Investigation Report Eighteenmile Creek Corridor. September 2006. [243 pages] 

6.	 Ecology and Environment, Inc. Eighteenmile Creek State of the Basin Report. Prepared for U.S. Army 

Corps of Engineers and Niagara County Soil and Water Conservation District. December 2007. [216 

pages] 

7.	 Ecology and Environment Engineering, P.C. Final Supplemental Remedial Investigation Report for the 

Eighteenmile Creek Corridor Site. Prepared for New York State Department of Environmental 

Conservation. July 2009. [624 pages] 

8.	 Ecology and Environment Engineering, P.C. Final Additional Investigation Addendum to the 

Supplemental Remedial Investigation Report for the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor Site. Prepared for New 

York State Department of Environmental Conservation. July 2009. [170 pages] 

9.	 CH2M Hill, Ecology and Environment, Inc., Environmental Design International, Inc., and Teska 

Associates, Inc. Data Summary Report Site Characterization of the Eighteenmile Creek Area of Concern. 

Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. March 2011. [6,894 pages] 

10.	 Google Earth. Site Reference Point (Eighteenmile Creek Just South of Intersection with William Street) 

Latitude and Longitude. 2011. [1 page] 

11.	 USEPA Contract Laboratory Program. Modifications Updating SOM01.1 to SOM01.2. Date Amended: 

April 11, 2007. [129 pages] 

12.	 Capriglione, Michele, Weston Solutions, Inc. Project Note to Eighteenmile Creek HRS Site File, Subject: 

Type of surface water body determination for Eighteenmile Creek. July 5, 2011. [7 pages] 

6 
REFERENCES (continued) 

Reference 

Number Description of the Reference 

13.	 Galloway, Marcia, and Bryan Kroon, Ecology and Environment, Inc. E-mail correspondence with Michele 

Capriglione, et al., Subject: Eighteenmile Creek Sample List From Data Summary Report, March 2011; 

with attached analytical data package pdf files and pdf files posted to the FTP site. May 20, 21, and 24, 

2011. [483 pages] 

14.	 Bogolin, Anthony, STL Buffalo. Analytical Report Job#: A07-3972,A07-3979; STL Project#: 

NY5A9393.3; SDG#: A73972; Site Name: Ecology and Environment NYSDEC Standby; Task: 18 Mile 

Creek Site-002699.ID19.02. May 15, 2007. [1,814 pages] 

15.	 Bogolin, Anthony, STL Buffalo. Analytical Report Job#: A07-3976,A07-4048,A07-4052; STL Project#: 

NY5A9393.3; SDG#: A73976; Site Name: Ecology and Environment NYSDEC Standby; Task: 18 Mile 

Creek Site-002699.ID19.02. May 15, 2007. [2,272 pages] 

16.	 Bogolin, Anthony, STL Buffalo. Analytical Report Job#: A07-4049,A07-4053,A07-4121; STL Project#: 

NY5A9393.3; SDG#: A74049; Site Name: Ecology and Environment NYSDEC Standby; Task: 18 Mile 

Creek Site-002699.ID19.02. May 15, 2007. [2,301 pages] 

17.	 Bogolin, Anthony, STL Buffalo. Analytical Report Job#: A07-4119,A07-4120,A07-4125,A07-4126; STL 

Project#: NY5A9393.3; SDG#: A74119; Site Name: Ecology and Environment NYSDEC Standby; Task: 

18 Mile Creek Site-002699.ID19.02. May 15, 2007. [2,161 pages] 

18.	 Bogolin, Anthony, STL Buffalo. Analytical Report Job#: A07-4182,A07-4187; STL Project#: 

NY5A9393.3; SDG#: A74182; Site Name: Ecology and Environment NYSDEC Standby; Task: 18 Mile 

Creek Site-002699.ID19.02. May 21, 2007. [1,968 pages] 

19.	 Bogolin, Anthony, STL Buffalo. Analytical Report Job#: A07-4183,A07-4188; STL Project#: 

NY5A9393.3; SDG#: A74183; Site Name: Ecology and Environment NYSDEC Standby; Task: 18 Mile 

Creek Site-002699.ID19.02. May 21, 2007. [2,009 pages] 

20.	 Bogolin, Anthony, STL Buffalo. Analytical Report Job#: A07-4235,A07-4237; STL Project#: 

NY5A9393.3; SDG#: A74235; Site Name: Ecology and Environment NYSDEC Standby; Task: 18 Mile 

Creek Site-002699.ID19.02. May 21, 2007. [2,128 pages] 

21.	 Bogolin, Anthony, STL Buffalo. Analytical Report Job#: A07-4236,A07-4238; STL Project#: 

NY5A9393.3; SDG#: A74236; Site Name: Ecology and Environment NYSDEC Standby; Task: 18 Mile 

Creek Site-002699.ID19.02. May 24, 2007. [2,148 pages] 

22.	 Bogolin, Anthony, STL Buffalo. Analytical Report Job#: A07-4304,A07-4305; STL Project#: 

NY5A9393.3; SDG#: A74304; Site Name: Ecology and Environment NYSDEC Standby; Task: 18 Mile 

Creek Site-002699.ID19.02. May 24, 2007. [2,027 pages] 

23.	 Daniels, Anthony, Weston Solutions, Inc. Documentation of Communication between Sue Donaldson and 

Guy Boos of Les Allen Bait and Tackle, Subject: Documentation of Fish Caught for Consumption at Burt 

Dam/Fisherman’s Park. June 3, 2011. [1 page] 

7 
 

 

REFERENCES (continued) 

Reference 

Number Description of the Reference 

24.	 Capriglione, Michele, Weston Solutions, Inc. Project Note to Eighteenmile Creek HRS Site File, Subject: 

Distance Calculations Using ArcGIS 10.0 (with attached site location map). June 3, 2011. [3 pages] 

25.	 Ecology and Environment. 18 Mile Creek Logbook, Job Number 002699.ID19.02. April 16, 2007 – June 

12, 2007. [49 pages] 

26.	 Bogolin, Anthony, STL Buffalo. Analytical Report Job#: A07-4304,A07-4319,A07-4455; STL Project#: 

NY5A9393.3; SDG#: A74303; Site Name: Ecology and Environment NYSDEC Standby; Task: 18 Mile 

Creek Site-002699.ID19.02. May 23, 2007. [2,697 pages] 

27.	 EPA. Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination. November 

1996. [18 pages] 

28.	 Weston Solutions, Inc. Region 5 Superfund Technical Assessment and Response Team. Site Logbook No. 

1400-4E-ANSF with attached photo documentation log. June 2011. [33 pages] 

29.	 EPA. Basic Information, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). Downloaded from 

http://www.epa.gov/waste/hazard/tsd/pcbs/pubs/about.htm. Downloaded on July 13, 2009. [2 pages] 

30.	 Capriglione, Michele, Weston Solutions, Inc. Project Note to Eighteenmile Creek HRS Site File, Subject: 

Data Validation Qualifier Information, with attachments from EPA Region 2, EPA Great Lakes National 

Program Office, and Ecology and Environment, Inc. July 7, 2011. [46 pages] 

31.	 Weston Solutions, Inc. 15-Mile Surface Water Pathway Map, Eighteenmile Creek HRS, Niagara County, 

NY. July 6, 2011. [1 map] 

32.	 Schmidl, Joseph, Weston Solutions, Inc. Project Note to the Eighteenmile Creek HRS Site File, Subject: 

Wetland Categories and Frontage to Eighteenmile Creek, Niagara County, New York. June 27, 2011. [9 

pages] 

33.	 Environmental Data Resources (EDR). The EDR Radius Map Report with GeoCheck, Eighteenmile 

Creek, Inquiry Number: 3111131.2s. June 30, 2011. [1,387 pages] 

34.	 Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Particle size (grain size) Downloaded from 

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Particle_size_(grain_size). Downloaded on July 18, 2011. [2 pages] 

35.	 Capriglione, Michele, Weston Solutions, Inc. Documentation of Communication between Gerry Sweeney 

of Town of Newfane Marina, Subject: Fishing for Consumption in the Town of Newfane, NY. April 7, 

2011. [1 page] 

36.	 New York State Department of Health. Chemicals in Sportfish and Game, Health Advisories. 2010-1011. 

[39 pages] 

8 
REFERENCES (continued) 

Reference 

Number Description of the Reference 

37.	 Capriglione, Michele, Weston Solutions, Inc. Project Note to Eighteenmile Creek HRS Site File, Subject: 

Determination of Eighteenmile Creek as Significant Coastal Fish and Wildlife Habitat, with attachments 

from the New York State Department of State and New York State Department of Environmental 

Conservation. July 19, 2011. [6 pages] 

38.	 Capriglione, Michele, Weston Solutions, Inc. Project Note to Eighteenmile Creek HRS Site File, Subject: 

Calculation of Sample Quantitation Limits (SQLs). July 21, 2011. [5 pages] 

39.	 EPA. Aroclor and Other PCB Mixtures, Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs), Wastes, USEPA. Downloaded 

from: http://www/epa.gov/epawaste/hazard/tsd/pcbs/pubs/aroclor.htm. Downloaded on July 22, 2011. [2 

pages] 

40.	 New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Environmental Remediation. 

Environmental Restoration Record of Decision Former Flintkote Plant Site City of Lockport, Niagara 

County, New York, Site Number B-00161-9. March 2006. [53 pages] 

41.	 New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Region 9 Division of Environmental 

Remediation. Site Investigation Report Former Flintkote Plant Site, 198 and 300 Mill Street, City of 

Lockport, Niagara County, New York. September 2000. [130 pages] 

42.	 New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Division of Environmental Remediation. 

Record of Decision Eighteenmile Creek Corridor Site, Operable Unit Nos. 1, 3, 4, 5 and 6, State Superfund 

Project, Lockport, Niagara County, New York, Site Number 932121. March 2010. [79 pages] 

43.	 Capriglione, Michele, Weston Solutions, Inc. Documentation of Communication between Victor 

DiGiacomo of Niagara County Soil and Water Conservation District, Subject: Determination of usage of 

Eighteenmile Creek. July 14, 2011. [1 page] 

9 
 

 

 

 

SS-Site Summary 

SITE SUMMARY 

The Eighteenmile Creek site (CERCLIS ID No. NYN000206456) in Niagara County, New York consists of 

contaminated sediments and water of Eighteenmile Creek above the contaminated sediments. The site as scored 

presently does not include the shoreline or areas beyond the shoreline. The site location includes the geographic 

coordinates of 43° 10′ 52.68” north latitude and 78° 41′ 22.36′′ west longitude [Ref. 4, p. 1; 10, p. 1]. The headwaters of 

Eighteenmile Creek originate southeast of Lockport in the Niagara County Park and Golf Course and flow aboveground 

to the west for approximately 1 mile, where they enter an underground pipe on the east side of Lockport [Ref. 7, p. 65; 

28, pp. 6, 7, 21]. The creek then flows northwest under Lockport for approximately 3⁄4 mile, where it empties into a 

sluice located just southeast of the New York State Barge Canal (NYSBC) and just southwest of the Mill Street Bridge 

[Ref. 7, p. 65; 28, pp. 6, 19, 20]. Water from the NYSBC is discharged through the Hall Spillway and flows east into the 

sluice [Ref. 28, pp. 6, 19]. The headwaters of Eighteenmile Creek and NYSBC waters combine in the sluice and flow 

through Culvert No. 125 under the NYSBC, exiting on the north side of the NYSBC and forming what is referred to as 

the East Branch of Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 5, p. 69; 28, pp. 6, 13, 14, 19]. The East Branch associated with the 

headwaters of Eighteenmile Creek is not the same stream as East Branch, a tributary of Eighteenmile Creek entering the 

creek just south of Newfane, New York, approximately 4 miles downstream of the headwaters [Ref. 4, p. 1]. The West 

Branch of Eighteenmile Creek originates in Upson Park at the dry dock on the north side of the NYSBC, and also 

receives water from two underground flows from the south and southwest [Ref. 5, p. 69; 28, pp. 5, 17, 18]. Waters from 

the East and West Branches converge on the south side of Clinton Street and flow under Clinton Street to the Mill Pond 

(which is the result of Clinton Street Dam) [Ref. 5, p. 69, 182-184; 7, p. 24; 8, p. 68]. Eighteenmile Creek flows north 

for approximately 15 miles and discharges to Lake Ontario in Olcott, New York [Ref. 7, p. 24; 9, p. 13, 319]. The zone 

of contamination, defined by samples documenting an observed release (18MC-L03W-S01-Z1 through R2-001-V-Z3) 

extends for 12.71 miles [Ref. 7, p. 116; 9, p. 89; 13, pp. 16, 20; 15, pp. 49, 140; 24, pp. 1, 2]. 

Eighteenmile Creek has a long history of industrial use dating back to the 19th century. In Lockport, New York, where 

the creek originates, four industrial or former industrial facilities (i.e., Former Flintkote Plant; Former United Paperboard 

Company; Upson Park; and Former White Transportation property), as well as the NYSBC, have been investigated [Ref. 

5, p. 24; 7, p. 24; 9, p. 13]. This stretch of Eighteenmile Creek is referred to as the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor [Ref. 5, 

p. 16]. There are several other industrial facilities and inactive hazardous waste sites located along or in the vicinity of 

Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 9, p. 13]. Investigations have confirmed the presence of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), 

metals, and other contaminants throughout most of Eighteenmile Creek, but specific sources of contamination have not 

been definitively identified [Ref. 42, pp. 8, 72]. Possible sources of contamination include: contaminant migration from 

hazardous waste sites or contaminated properties, industrial and municipal wastewater discharges, storm water and 

combined sewer overflow (CSO) discharges, as well as sources on the NYSBC [Ref. 6, pp. 102, 103; 9, pp. 13, 14]. The 

Burt and Newfane Dams, both located on Eighteenmile Creek downstream of the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor, may 

serve as areas within the creek where contaminated sediments accumulate [Ref. 9, p. 13]. 

Sampling events have indicated that Eighteenmile Creek sediments are contaminated with a variety of pollutants, 

including the metals lead, zinc and copper; pesticide/insecticides; PCBs; benzo(a)pyrene; dioxins; and furans. PCBs are 

the primary contaminants, with total PCB concentrations as high as 237 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) in sediment 

samples collected from Eighteenmile Creek [see Tables 1 and 2]. Although the highest PCB concentrations have been 

reported within the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor, sampling data indicate that the sediment contamination extends for 

12.71 miles downstream, just south of Burt Dam [Ref. 24, pp. 1, 2]. 

Eighteenmile Creek and surrounding properties have been the focus of numerous investigations by New York State 

Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) and EPA since the late 1980s. In Lockport, New York, where 

the creek originates, four industrial or former industrial facilities (i.e., Former Flintkote Plant; Former United Paperboard 

Company; Upson Park; and Former White Transportation Property), as well as the NYSBC, have been investigated [Ref. 

5; 7; 8]. The area encompassing these properties and the associated reach of Eighteenmile Creek (i.e., from NYSBC 

downstream past the Former Flintkote Plant) is referred to as the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor and is the focus of a 

10 
 

SS-Site Summary 

Remedial Investigation (RI) and Supplemental RI completed on behalf of the NYSDEC [Ref. 5; 7; 8]. The most recent 

study completed on behalf of EPA (for the Great Lakes National Program Office [GLNPO]) focused on collecting 

sediment samples from Eighteenmile Creek beginning just downstream of the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor for almost 

the entire length of the creek, but samples were not collected downstream of Burt Dam to the mouth of the creek at Lake 

Ontario [Ref. 9]. NYSDEC has identified six Operable Units (OU) within the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor and has 

produced two Records of Decision (ROD), but remedial actions have not been implemented [Ref. 40; 42]. 

Eighteenmile Creek is surrounded by six residential townships [Ref. 7, p. 24]. The land within the Eighteenmile Creek 

watershed consists primarily of croplands and orchards, with residential, commercial and industrial areas located around 

Lockport, Newfane, and Olcott Harbor [Ref. 6, pp. 51, 68]. There are 3.3 miles of wetlands along the contaminated 

portion of the creek, and evidence of fishing has been reported in the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor and other portions of 

the creek [Ref. 23, p. 1; 32, pp. 1-3; 35, p. 1; 36, pp. 5, 29]. The 15-Mile Surface Water Pathway begins at the farthest 

upstream sediment sample locations meeting observed release criteria and extends for 15 miles along surface water [Ref. 

1, p. 51605; 31]. Fisherman’s Park, a public fishing area located within Eighteenmile Creek just downstream of Burt 

Dam, is a major fishing destination where species of fish including steelhead trout, salmon, walleye, perch, and northern 

pike are caught and consumed [Figure 2E; Ref. 23, p. 1]. In addition, a consumption fishery is located on Eighteenmile 

Creek at Ide Road in Newfane, New York, within the zone of contamination [Ref. 35, p. 1]. The reach of Eighteenmile 

Creek between Burt Dam and Lake Ontario has been classified as an Area of Concern (AOC) by the EPA GLNPO, due 

to its natural resources value within the Lake Ontario watershed, although GLNPO subsequently evaluated upstream 

reaches of Eighteenmile Creek for inclusion in this AOC [Ref. 6, pp. 27-28; 9, pp. 13, 318, 319]. 

11 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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See Figure 2E 

See Figure 2D 

See Figure 2C 

See Figure 2B 

See Figure 2A 

Site Reference Point 

Burt Dam 

Burt Dam / Fisherman's Park Fishery 

Ide Road Fishery 

Newfane Dam 

CLIENT NAME: DRAWING NUMBER: FIGURE #:

PROJECT: 

LEGEND: TITLE: 

PROJECT MANAGER: 

SCALE: 

DATE: 

DRAWN BY: 

Site Location Map REVIEWED BY:

Eighteenmile Creek HRS 

Niagara County, NY 

09850 1 

J. Lynes 

M. Capriglione 

G. Gilliland 

1" = 5,000' Eighteenmile Creek HRS 

EPA July 2011 ®

Note: 

1. The extent of Burt Dam / Fisherman's Park Fishery is 1,370' 

Sources: 

1. CH2M Hill, Ecology and Environment, Inc., Environmental Design International, Inc., 

and Teska Associates, Inc. Data Summary Report Site Characterization of the 

Eighteenmile Creek Area of Concern. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency. March 2011. 

2. Ecology and Environment, Inc. Final Supplemental Remedial Investigation Report for 

the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor Site. Prepared for New York State Department of 

Environmental Conservation. July 2009. 

3. National Geographic TOPO! U.S. Geologic Survey (USGS). 7.5-Minute Series 

(Topographic) Quadrangles: Cambria, NY 1980; Lockport, NY 1980; Newfane, NY 

1978; and Wilson, NY 1979. 

Legend

!( Site Reference Point 

!( Background Sample Location 

!( Release Sample Location 

Zone of Contamination 

Inset Box 

2,500 0 2,500 5,000 

Graphic Scale In Feet 

Pennsylvania 

New York 

Site Area 

"

Canada 

Lake Erie 

Lake Ontario 
!(!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

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!(

!(

!(

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Sample ID: 18MC-L18-S02-Z1 

Date: 4/25/2007 

Depth: 0.2-0.9 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 1.2 

Copper: 1,123* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L10-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/23/2007 

Depth: 0.5-1.5 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 1.9 

Aroclor 1254: 0.85 

Copper: 397 

Sample ID: 18MC-UP-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/25/2007 

Depth: 0.1-0.8 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.023 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.023 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.023 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.023 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: 0.62 

Copper: 21.3 

Lead: 33.5 

Zinc: 108 

Sample ID: 18MC-UP-S01-Z2 

Date: 4/25/2007 

Depth: 1.1-1.8 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.023 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.023 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.023 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.023 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: 0.38 

Copper: 11.7 

Lead: 8.6 

Zinc: 43.7 

Sample ID: 18MC-L08-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/23/2007 

Depth: 0.5-1.5 FT 

Copper: 499.1* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L12-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 

Copper: 594* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L11-S02-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 0.5-0.9 FT 

Benzo(a)pyrene: 7.1 

Zinc: 5,106.7* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L13-S03-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 0.5-1 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 46 

Copper: 2,319.7* 

Zinc: 4,893.3* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L09-S03-Z1 

Date: 4/23/2007 

Depth: 1.5-2.5 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 41 

Aroclor 1254: 20 

Copper: 54,900 

Lead: 15,000 

Zinc: 21,400 

Sample ID: 18MC-L09-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/23/2007 

Depth: 0.5-1.2 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 33 

Copper: 857 

Sample ID: 18MC-L08-S03-Z1 

Date: 4/23/2007 

Depth: 0.5-1.5 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 35 

Sample ID: 18MC-L07-S02-Z1 

Date: 4/23/2007 

Depth: 0-0.8 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 23 

Sample ID: 18MC-L15E-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 0.5-0.9 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 1.9* 

Aroclor 1254: 1* 

Copper: 1123* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L02E-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/20/2007 

Depth: 0.8-1.5 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 1.5 

Aroclor 1254: 2.3 

Sample ID: 18MC-L01W-S03-Z1 

Date: 4/18/2007 

Depth: 0.3-1 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.019 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.019 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.1 

Aroclor 1260: 0.019 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: N/A 

Copper: 42 J 

Lead: 227 

Zinc: 240 J 

Sample ID: 18MC-L01W-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/18/2007 

Depth: 0-02 INCHES 

Aroclor 1242: 0.021 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.021 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.021 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.021 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: N/A 

Copper: 42.09* 

Lead: 411 

Zinc: 1,545* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L01W-S01-Z2 

Date: 4/18/2007 

Depth: 0.5-1 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.019 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.019 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.019 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.019 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: N/A 

Copper: 25.25* 

Lead: 127 

Zinc: 109.65* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L02W-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/18/2007 

Depth: 1-2 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.023 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.023 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.023 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.023 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: N/A 

Copper: 21.7 J 

Lead: 88.8 

Zinc: 64.8 J 

Sample ID: 18MC-L02W-S01-Z2 

Date: 4/18/2007 

Depth: 2-3.2 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.022 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.022 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.022 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.022 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: N/A 

Copper: 71.1 J 

Lead: 204 

Zinc: 149 J 

Sample ID: 18MC-L02W-S03-Z1 

Date: 4/18/2007 

Depth: 0-2 INCHES 

Aroclor 1242: 0.020 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.020 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.020 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.020 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: N/A 

Copper: 81.2 J 

Lead: 87 

Zinc: 141 J 

Sample ID: 18MC-L02W-S03-Z2 

Date: 4/18/2007 

Depth: 3.2-4 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.019 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.019 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.019 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.019 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: N/A 

Copper: 17.7 J 

Lead: 28.9 

Zinc: 48.5 J 

Sample ID: 18MC-L01W-S02-Z1 

Date: 4/18/2007 

Depth: 0-2 INCHES 

Aroclor 1242: 0.020 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.045 

Aroclor 1254: 0.020 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.020 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: 0.68* 

Copper: 129.32* 

Lead: 412 

Zinc: 319.5* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L01W-S02-Z2 

Date: 4/18/2007 

Depth: 1-2 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.021 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.069* 

Aroclor 1254: 0.021 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.021 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: 1.5* 

Copper: 56.49* 

Lead: 1,660 

Zinc: 264* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L01E-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/20/2007 

Depth: 0-2 INCHES 

Aroclor 1242: 0.020 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.020 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.035 

Aroclor 1260: 0.020 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: 0.3 

Copper: 57.6 

Lead: 145 J 

Zinc: 292 J 

Sample ID: 18MC-L01E-S03-Z1 

Date: 4/20/2007 

Depth: 0-2 INCHES 

Aroclor 1242: 0.021 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.026 

Aroclor 1254: 0.021 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.021 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: 0.34 

Copper: 59.6 

Lead: 113 J 

Zinc: 131 J 

Sample ID: 18MC-L01E-S03-Z2 

Date: 4/20/2007 

Depth: 0.5-1.2 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.018 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.053 

Aroclor 1254: 0.13 

Aroclor 1260: 0.018 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: N/A 

Copper: 131 

Lead: 170 J 

Zinc: 158 J 

Sample ID: 18MC-L02W-S02-Z1 

Date: 4/18/2007 

Depth: 0-2 INCHES 

Aroclor 1242: 0.019 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.013 J 

Aroclor 1254: 0.019 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.019 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: 0.024 J 

Copper: 55.5 J 

Lead: 951 J 

Zinc: 140 J 

Sample ID: 18MC-L02W-S02-Z2 

Date: 4/18/2007 

Depth: 1-2 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.025 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.025 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.025 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.025 U 

Benzo(a)pyrene: N/A 

Copper: 29.5 J 

Lead: 138 J 

Zinc: 124 J 

Sample ID: 18MC-L03W-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/19/2007 

Depth: 0.8-1.8 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 0.73 

Sample ID: 18MC-L15E-S03-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 0.5-1 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 14 

Aroclor 1254: 3.1 

Copper: 5,598.4* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L16E-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 0.4-1 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 31 

Aroclor 1254: 6.7 

Copper: 2,163.9* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L16W-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 0.2-0.8 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 5.8 

Aroclor 1254: 4.5 

Sample ID: 18MC-L06-S02-Z2 

Date: 4/19/2007 

Depth: 1-2 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 0.22 

Aroclor 1260: 0.65 

Sample ID: 18MC-L09-S02-Z1 

Date: 4/23/2007 

Depth: 0-2 INCHES 

Aroclor 1242: 8.8 

Aroclor 1254: 2.1 

Sample ID: 18MC-L14E-S02-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 0-2 INCHES 

Aroclor 1248: 180 

Aroclor 1254: 57 

Copper: 942.6* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L14E-S02-Z2 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 1-1.5 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 57 

Aroclor 1254: 85 

Copper: 529.5* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L15E-S02-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 0-2 INCHES 

Aroclor 1248: 3.7 

Aroclor 1254: 1.1 

Benzo(a)pyrene: 34 

Sample ID: 18MC-L16E-S02-Z1 Copper: 596.7*

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 4.3 

Aroclor 1254: 1.5 

Sample ID: 18MC-L11-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 1-1.6 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 1.0 

Aroclor 1254: 0.65 

Sample ID: 18MC-L15W-S01-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 0.3-1.2 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 0.73 

Aroclor 1254: 0.67 

Sample ID: 18MC-L16E-S03-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 0.5-1 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 5.9 

Aroclor 1254: 2.8 

Copper: 959* 

Sample ID: 18MC-L14E-S03-Z1 

Date: 4/24/2007 

Depth: 0-2 INCHES 

Aroclor 1248: 41 

Aroclor 1254: 18 

Copper: 704.9* 

CLIENT NAME: DRAWING NUMBER: FIGURE #:

PROJECT: 

LEGEND: TITLE: 

PROJECT MANAGER: 

SCALE: 

DATE: 

DRAWN BY: 

REVIEWED BY: 

R 

Eighteenmile Creek HRS 

EPA 

J. Lynes 

2A 

Sample Location Map 

Eighteenmile Creek HRS 

Niagara County, NY 

1 of 5 

Notes: 

1. All results are in MG/KG 

2. J - Indicates estimated value 

3. * - All estimated results were adjusted for unknown bias in accordance with "Using Qualified Data to Document and Observed Release and Observed Contamination" [Ref. 27, pp. 4-8, 14, 16, 18] 

4. U - Indicates the compound was analyzed for not detected 

5. N/A – The analyte was not analized for 

Sources: 

1. Ecology and Environment, Inc. Final Supplemental Remedial Investigation Report for the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor Site. Prepared for New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. 

July 2009. 

2. NYS Cyber Security and Critical Infrastructure Coordination. “NIAGARA_County_Ortho_4bd_1ft”.http://www.nysgis.state.ny.us/gateway/mg/2008/niagara/. 2009. 

P:\SAT2\Eighteenmile Creek HRS\MXD\09581_ECHRS_Sample_Loc_1of5.mxd

July 2011 

M. Capriglione 

G. Gilliland 

09847 

1" = 1,000 ' ¬ Background Sample Location 

Release Sample Location 

!( Site Reference Point

!(

!(

Site Reference Point 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CLIENT NAME: DATE: FIGURE #:

PROJECT: 

LEGEND: TITLE: 

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

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!(!(

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!(

!(!(

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!(

!(

!( !(!(!(

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See Figure 2A 

Sample ID: R7-094-C 

Date: 11/23/2009 

Depth: 0-1 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 1.3 

Sample ID: R7-092-C 

Date: 11/24/2009 

Depth: 0-1 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 2.5 

Sample ID: R7-091-C 

Date: 11/24/2009 

Depth: 0-1.4 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 11 

Sample ID: R7-101-C 

Date: 11/30/2009 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 1.1 

Sample ID: R7-200-C-Z1a 

Date: 6/28/2010 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 0.052 

Sample ID: R7-198-C-Comp 

Date: 6/28/2010 

Depth: 0-0.9 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 1.3 

Sample ID: R7-195-C-Comp 

Date: 6/29/2010 

Depth: 0-0.6 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 3 

Sample ID: R7-203-T-Z1a 

Date: 6/29/2010 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.08 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.08 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.08 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.08 U 

Sample ID: R7-204-T-Z1a 

Date: 6/29/2010 

Depth: 0-0.3 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.062 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.062 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.062 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.062 U 

Sample ID: R7-194-C-Comp 

Date: 6/29/2010 

Depth: 0-0.6 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 23 

Aroclor 1254: 10 

R 

!( Background Sample Location 

!( Release Sample Location 

Inset Box 

Eighteenmile Creek HRS 

EPA June 2011 2B 

Sample Location Map 

Eighteenmile Creek HRS 

Niagara County, NY 

2 of 5 

1,500 750 0 1,500

Graphic Scale In Feet 

®

Notes: 

1. All results are in MG/KG 

2. U - Undetected Value 

Sources 

1. CH2M Hill, Ecology and Environment, Inc., Environmental Design International, Inc., 

and Teska Associates, Inc. Data Summary Report Site Characterization of the 

Eighteenmile Creek Area of Concern. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

 March 2011. 

2. Ecology and Environment, Inc. Final Supplemental Remedial Investigation 

Report for the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor Site. Prepared for New York 

State Department of Environmental Conservation. July 2009. 

3. NYS Cyber Security and Critical Infrastructure Coordination. “NIAGARA_County_Ortho_4bd_1ft”.

 http://www.nysgis.state.ny.us/gateway/mg/2008/niagara/. 2009. 

P:\SAT2\Eighteenmile Creek HRS\MXD\09576_ECHRS_Sample_Loc_2of5.mxd 
 

CLIENT NAME: DATE: FIGURE #:

PROJECT: 

LEGEND: TITLE: 

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

Sample ID: R7-088-C 

Date: 11/25/2009 

Depth: 0-1 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 55 

Sample ID: R7-085-C 

Date: 11/30/2009 

Depth: 0-1.6 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 7.8 

Sample ID: R7-080-C 

Date: 12/2/2009 

Depth: 0-1.7 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 0.76 

Sample ID: R7-077-C 

Date: 11/24/2009 

Depth: 0-1.2 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 1.4 

Sample ID: R7-072-C 

Date: 11/24/2009 

Depth: 0-0.8 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 3.9 

Sample ID: R6-066-C 

Date: 11/25/2009 

Depth: 0-1.9 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 4.5 

Sample ID: R7-082-CR 

Date: 11/30/2009 

Depth: 0-1.6 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 1.4 

Sample ID: R7-172-C-Z1a 

Date: 6/25/2010 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 8.4 

Sample ID: R7-172-C-Comp 

Date: 6/25/2010 

Depth: 0-0.9 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 10 

Aroclor 1254: 12 

Sample ID: R7-184-C-Comp 

Date: 6/30/2010 

Depth: 0-0.75 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 6.9 

Sample ID: R7-202-T-Z1a 

Date: 6/29/2010 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.11 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.11 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.11 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.11 U 

Sample ID: R7-202-T-Comp 

Date: 6/29/2010 

Depth: 0-0.9 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.067 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.067 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.067 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.067 U 

Sample ID: R7-187-C-Comp 

Date: 6/30/2010 

Depth: 0-0.95 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 41 J 

Aroclor 1254: 23 

Sample ID: R7-174-C-Z1a 

Date: 6/25/2010 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 1.8 

Sample ID: R7-174-C-Comp 

Date: 6/25/2010 

Depth: 0-1.2 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 0.71 

Sample ID: R7-179-C-Comp 

Date: 6/23/2010 

Depth: 0-0.7 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 2.1 

Sample ID: R7-201-T-Z1a 

Date: 6/25/2010 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.07 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.07 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.07 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.07 U 

Sample ID: R7-201-T-Comp 

Date: 6/25/2010 

Depth: 0-1.1 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.064 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.064 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.064 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.064 U 

Sample ID: R7-176-C-Z1a 

Date: 6/24/2010 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 7.5 

Aroclor 1254: 3.2 

Sample ID: R7-176-C-Comp 

Date: 6/24/2010 

Depth: 0-0.9 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 3.3 

Sample ID: R7-178-C-Z1 

Date: 6/24/2010 

Depth: 0.5-1.2 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 26 J 

Aroclor 1260: 42

Sample ID: R7-180-C-Z1a 

Date: 6/23/2010 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 1.2 

Sample ID: R7-180-C-Comp 

Date: 6/23/2010 

Depth: 0-1.1 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 26 

Aroclor 1254: 18 

Sample ID: R7-071-C 

Date: 11/25/2009 

Depth: 0-1.5 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 4.2 

R 

!( Background Sample Location 

!( Release Sample Location 

Inset Box 

Eighteenmile Creek HRS 

EPA June 2011 2C 

Sample Location Map 

Eighteenmile Creek HRS 

Niagara County, NY 

3 of 5 

1,500 750 0 1,500

Graphic Scale In Feet 

® Notes: 

1. All results are in MG/KG 

2. J - Indicates estimated value 

3. U - Indicates the compound was analyzed for not detected 

Sources 

1. CH2M Hill, Ecology and Environment, Inc., Environmental Design International, Inc., 

and Teska Associates, Inc. Data Summary Report Site Characterization of the 

Eighteenmile Creek Area of Concern. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

 March 2011. 

2. NYS Cyber Security and Critical Infrastructure Coordination. “NIAGARA_County_Ortho_4bd_1ft”. 

http://www.nysgis.state.ny.us/gateway/mg/2008/niagara/. 2009. 

3. NYS Cyber Security and Critical Infrastructure Coordination. “NIAGARA_County_Ortho_4bd_2ft”. 

http://www.nysgis.state.ny.us/gateway/mg/2008/niagara/. 2009. 

P:\SAT2\Eighteenmile Creek HRS\MXD\09575_ECHRS_Sample_Loc_3of5.mxd 
 

CLIENT NAME: DATE: FIGURE #:

PROJECT: 

LEGEND: TITLE: 

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

!(

Newfane Dam 

Sample ID: R5-045-V-Z1 

Date: 5/20/2010 

Depth: 0-1 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 0.88 

Sample ID: R6-052-C 

Date: 11/19/2009 

Depth: 0-1.3 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 1.3 

Sample ID: R6-056-CR 

Date: 11/17/2009 

Depth: 0-1.2 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 1 

Sample ID: R4-035-C 

Date: 11/17/2009 

Depth: 0-0.8 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 0.81 

Sample ID: R4-143-C-Z1a 

Date: 6/23/2010 

Depth: 0-0.3 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 1.1 

Sample ID: R6-161-C-Z1 

Date: 7/1/2010 

Depth: 0.5-1.5 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 25 J 

Sample ID: R4-119-T 

Date: 11/17/2009 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1242: 0.048 U 

Aroclor 1248: 0.048 U 

Aroclor 1254: 0.048 U 

Aroclor 1260: 0.048 U 

R 

!( Background Sample Location 

!( Release Sample Location 

Match Line 

Eighteenmile Creek HRS 

EPA July 2011 2D 

Sample Location Map 

Eighteenmile Creek HRS 

Niagara County, NY 

4 of 5 

1,500 750 0 1,500

Graphic Scale In Feet 

®

Notes: 

1. All results are in MG/KG 

2. J - Indicates estimated value 

3. U - Indicates the compound was analyzed for not detected 

Sources 

1. CH2M Hill, Ecology and Environment, Inc., Environmental Design International, Inc., 

and Teska Associates, Inc. Data Summary Report Site Characterization of the 

Eighteenmile Creek Area of Concern. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

 March 2011. 

2. NYS Cyber Security and Critical Infrastructure Coordination. “NIAGARA_County_Ortho_4bd_2ft”. 

http://www.nysgis.state.ny.us/gateway/mg/2008/niagara/. 2009. 

P:\SAT2\Eighteenmile Creek HRS\MXD\09574_ECHRS_Sample_Loc_4of5.mxd 
 

CLIENT NAME: DATE: FIGURE #:

PROJECT: 

LEGEND: TITLE: 

!(

!(!(!(

!( !(

!( !( !(

!(

!( !(

!(

Burt Dam / Fisherman's Park Fishery 

Burt Dam 

Ide Road Fishery 

S l ID R5 045 V Z1 

Sample ID: R3-016-V-Z3 

Date: 5/26/2010 

Depth: 2-3 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 1.3 

Sample ID: R2-009-V-Z2 

Date: 5/19/2010 

Depth: 1-2 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 0.59 

Sample ID: R2-009-V-Z3 

Date: 5/19/2010 

Depth: 2-3 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 4.6 

Sample ID: R2-001-V-Z3 

Date: 5/18/2010 

Depth: 2-3 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 2.5 

Sample ID: R2-008-V-Z2 

Date: 5/19/2010 

Depth: 1-2 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 0.87 

Sample ID: R2-015-V-Z3 

Date: 5/25/2010 

Depth: 2-3 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 6.5 

Sample ID: R4-135-C-Z1a 

Date: 6/21/2010 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 5.3 

Sample ID: R4-135-C-Comp 

Date: 6/21/2010 

Depth: 0-0.8 FT 

Aroclor 1254: 19 

Aroclor 1260: 8.3 J 

Sample ID: R2-013-V-Z1a 

Date: 5/25/2010 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 0.59 

Sample ID: R2-013-V-Z1b 

Date: 5/25/2010 

Depth: 0.5-1 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 1.9 

Sample ID: R2-011-V-Z1a 

Date: 5/25/2010 

Depth: 0-0.5 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 0.38 

Sample ID: R2-003-V-Z2 

Date: 5/18/2010 

Depth: 1-2 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 0.51 

Sample ID: R2-003-V-Z3 

Date: 5/18/2010 

Depth: 2-3 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 4.1 

Sample ID: R2-004-V-Z3 

Date: 5/18/2010 

Depth: 2-3 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 2.7 

Sample ID: R2-005-V-Z2 

Date: 5/19/2010 

Depth: 1-2 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 0.47 

Sample ID: R2-005-V-Z3 

Date: 5/19/2010 

Depth: 2-3 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 7.0 

Sample ID: R2-005-V-Z4 

Date: 5/19/2010 

Depth: 3-4 FT 

Sample ID: R2-007-V-Z2 Aroclor 1248: 2.8

Date: 5/19/2010 

Depth: 1-2 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 2.1 

Sample ID: R2-007-V-Z3 

Date: 5/19/2010 

Depth: 2-3 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 22 

Sample ID: R2-002-V-Z1 

Date: 5/18/2010 

Depth: 0-1 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 0.42 

Sample ID: R2-002-V-Z4 

Date: 5/18/2010 

Depth: 3-4 FT 

Aroclor 1248: 1.2 

R 

!( Release Sample Location 

Inset Box 

Eighteenmile Creek HRS 

EPA July 2011 2E 

Sample Location Map 

Eighteenmile Creek HRS 

Niagara County, NY 

5 of 5 

1,500 750 0 1,500

Graphic Scale In Feet 

®

Notes: 

1. All results are in MG/KG 

2. J - Indicates estimated value 

Sources 

1. CH2M Hill, Ecology and Environment, Inc., Environmental Design International, Inc., 

and Teska Associates, Inc. Data Summary Report Site Characterization of the 

Eighteenmile Creek Area of Concern. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

 March 2011. 

2. NYS Cyber Security and Critical Infrastructure Coordination. “NIAGARA_County_Ortho_4bd_2ft”. 

http://www.nysgis.state.ny.us/gateway/mg/2008/niagara/. 2009. 

P:\SAT2\Eighteenmile Creek HRS\MXD\09573_ECHRS_Sample_Loc_5of5.mxd 
 

 

2.2 

SD-Characterization and Containment 

SOURCE DESCRIPTION 

SOURCE CHARACTERIZATION 

2.2.1 Source Identification 

Number of the source: Source No. 1 

Name and description of the source: Eighteenmile Creek contaminated sediments 

Source Type: Other (contaminated sediments with no identified source) 

Source 1 consists of contaminated sediments in Eighteenmile Creek defined by the presence of sediment samples meeting 

observed release criteria. The hazardous substances most significantly affecting the creek sediments include PCBs, 

metals, and benzo(a)pyrene [see Section 2.4.1 of this HRS documentation record]. The origin of these hazardous 

substances in the contaminated sediments has not been identified due to the presence of multiple possible sources for the 

substance [see Section 4.1.2.1.1]. As a result, the source(s) of all the contamination in any particular location in the creek 

cannot be determined. The NYSBC runs across the upstream portion of Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 4, p. 1]. An 

environmental database search shows dozens of possible pollution sources along the canal and within 1 mile of its 

confluence with Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 33, pp. 1-37]. PCBs were detected in six out of seven samples (including one 

duplicate) collected from the NYSBC with detections ranging from 0.0066 mg/kg to 2.63 mg/kg indicating the presence 

of possible sources discharging to the NYSBC [Ref. 7, pp. 65, 91, 92, 112, and 130]. In Lockport, New York, where the 

Creek originates, four industrial or former industrial facilities (i.e., the Former Flintkote Plant; Former United Paperboard 

Company; Upson Park; and White Transportation Property) have been the focus of numerous investigations; detections 

of PCBs, copper, lead, zinc, and benzo(a)pyrene have been identified in Eighteenmile Creek sediment adjacent to White 

Transportation, Former United Paperboard, Former Flintkote Plant, Upson Park, and the areas downstream of the Former 

Flintkote Plant [Ref. 7, pp. 93-96, 118-129]. The highest detection of PCBs in sediment of Eighteenmile Creek adjacent 

to the Former Flintkote Plant is 237 mg/kg; more specifically, in sample 18MC-L14E-S02-Z1, Aroclor 1248 was 

detected at 180 mg/kg and Aroclor 1254 was detected at 57 mg/kg [Table 1; Ref. 7, pp. 65, 95, 126, 127]. 

Location of the source, with reference to a map of the site: 

The sampling results using observed release criteria show that contaminated sediments are located throughout 

Eighteenmile Creek, from the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor in Lockport (farthest upstream sample: 18MCL03W-S01-Z1 indicated PCB Aroclor 1248 detected at 0.73 mg/kg) to just south of the Fisherman’s Park 

fishery near Burt Dam (farthest downstream sample: R2-001-V-Z3 indicated PCB Aroclor 1248 detected at 2.5 

mg/kg) [Tables 1 and 2; Ref. 7, p. 116; 9, p. 89; 13, pp. 16, 20; 15, p. 49, 140; 23, p. 1]. The sample locations 

are shown on Figures 2A and 2E. 

Containment 

Release to surface water via overland migration and/or flood: 

The presence of contaminated sediments provides evidence that hazardous substances (PCBs, copper, lead, 

zinc, and benzo(a)pyrene) have migrated into Eighteenmile Creek from multiple sources [see Section 4.1.2.1.1]. 

Therefore, a surface water containment factor value of 10 is assigned for this source [Ref. 1, p. 51609, Table 4­

2]. 

18 
 

 

 

 

SD-Hazardous Substances 

Source No.: 1 

2.4.1 Hazardous Substances 

Sampling and analysis on behalf of NYSDEC in April 2007 and on behalf of EPA from November 2009 through June 

2010 showed the presence of PCBs, metals, and other hazardous substances in Eighteenmile Creek sediments at 

concentrations significantly above background concentrations. Tables 1 and 2 show samples that document background 

and observed release concentrations. 

Notes on Sample Similarity: 

The background samples from Eighteenmile Creek and its tributaries and the contaminated samples from Eighteenmile 

Creek were handled the same procedurally and were similar physically, as follows: 

•	 Physical Setting: All background and release sediment samples were collected from Eighteenmile Creek or (for 

certain background samples) from tributaries just upstream of the creek [Figures 1 and 2A-2F]. Eighteenmile 

Creek and its tributaries are considered to be part of the Eighteenmile Creek watershed [Ref. 6, pp. 14, 49]. 

Available flow data for Eighteenmile Creek in the East Branch and downstream at Ide Road indicate that the 

water body type (i.e., moderate to large stream) is maintained throughout the sample locations [Ref. 1, p. 51613; 

8, pp. 23, 24, 26; 12, p. 1]. 

•	 Sampling Depth: Background and release samples were collected at depth intervals between 0 and 4 feet below 

top of sediment [Tables 1 and 2; Ref. 7, pp. 55-57; 9, pp. 454, 487, 525-526, 528, 530-532, 536, 539, 546, 547, 

552-556, 561, 563-568, 572-574, 577, 583-588, 581, 589; 25, pp. 5, 7, 8, 10, 15, 20-27, 30]. 

•	 Sample Description: Visual descriptions from core logs show that background and release samples within 

Eighteenmile Creek consist predominantly of the same material (silt with small gravel) [9, pp. 454, 487, 525­

526, 528, 530-532, 536, 539, 546, 547, 552-556, 561, 563-568, 572-574, 577, 583-588, 581, 589; 25, pp. 5, 7, 8, 

10, 15, 21-27, 30]. 

•	 Sampling Methods: The background and release sediment samples were all collected using coring devices. In 

April 2007, sediment coring was performed along transects using a coring device comprised of a macrocoretype sampler with dedicated acetate liners [Ref. 7, p. 41]. In November and December 2009, sediment samples 

were collected via hand-coring. All but one core was collected by advancing a clear polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 

sleeve into the sediment by hand via a pushing and twisting motion [Ref. 9, p. 20]. In May 2010, a vibracore 

was used to core into sediment until refusal [Ref. 9, p. 20]. It should be noted that, due to varying conditions 

present along Eighteenmile Creek, the various sampling methods described above (i.e., macrocore-type 

sampling; hand-core sampling, and vibracore sampling) were employed to retrieve sediment in cores; EPA 

considers the collection of sediment samples from cores to be similar, regardless of the method used to retrieve 

the sediment core. 

•	 Samples collected in 2007 were analyzed for Aroclors according to Analytical Services Protocol, New York 

State Department of Environmental Conservation, July 2005 (ASP05) 8082, and samples collected in 2009 and 

2010 were analyzed for Aroclors according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) SOM01.2; both protocols are 

based on EPA SW-846 analytical methods [Ref. 11, pp. 68, 127; 13, pp. 10, 27, 51, 70, 90, 102, 103, 129, 145, 

159, 177, 195, 221, 235, 279, 280, 325, 326, 355-357, 371, 389, 390, 399, 419-421; 14, p. 12; 16, p. 13; 17, p. 

12; 18, p. 12; 19, p. 11; 20, pp. 5, 12; 21, pp. 5, 12; 22, pp. 5, 12; 26, pp. 5, 13]. Each set of release samples has 

its own associated background samples evaluated by the same method [see Tables 1 and 2]. 

•	 Total Organic Carbon (TOC): The analytical results indicate that the ranges of background TOC levels and 

release TOC levels overlap [see Tables 1 and 2]. 

The following criteria from the HRS were used to evaluate significance above background (i.e., observed release): 

•	 If the maximum background concentration is not detected or is less than the detection limit, an observed release 

is established when the sample measurement equals or exceeds the sample quantitation limit (SQL) [Ref. 1, p. 

51589]. 

19 
SD-Hazardous Substances 

Source No.: 1 

•	 If the maximum background concentration equals or exceeds the detection limit, an observed release is 

established when the sample measurement equals or exceeds the SQL and is three times or more above the 

background concentration [Ref. 1, p. 51589]. 

•	 Because numerous sample analysis results are qualified as estimated (“J”) with no direction of bias specified 

[Tables 1 and 2; Ref. 13 through 26], EPA took a step to ensure that the observed release significant increase 

criteria would be met if the possible variation related to the estimates were considered. For the J-flagged 

results, EPA used adjustment factors presented in the EPA Fact Sheet “Using Qualified Data to Document an 

Observed Release and Observed Contamination” to complete the background-release comparison, thereby 

compensating for probable uncertainty in the analyses [Ref. 27, pp. 1-18]. EPA took the most conservative 

approach to screening the data (i.e., the highest scrutiny for data to meet observed release criteria) by assuming 

all estimated concentrations to be of unknown bias [Tables 1 and 2]. Even after this adjustment, the observed 

release criteria were met. 

20 
EIGHTEENMILE CREEK HRS 

TABLE 1 - BACKGROUND AND RELEASE SAMPLES SUPPLEMENTAL REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT, JULY 2009 

Sample ID Date Depth Sample Description Percent Moisture TOC (mg/kg) Substance Results (mg/kg) Adjusted Result (mg/kg) * Detection Limit (mg/kg) 

BACKGROUND 

18MC-UP-S01-Z1 4/25/2007 0.1-0.8 feet dark gray silt with 50% 

mixed gravel 

28 N/A Aroclor 1242 

Aroclor 1248 Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 1260 

0.023U 0.023U 0.023U 0.023U 

0.0029 

0.004 

0.0087 0.0035 

Re86, pp. 179

Copper 21.3 0.16 

Lead 33.5 0.4 

Zinc 108 J 162 0.55 

Benzo(a)pyrene 0.62 0.0041 

18MC-UP-S01-Z2 4/25/2007 1.1-1.8 feet red-brown clay with 

few fine to small gravel 

27 N/A Aroclor 1242 

Aroclor 1248 Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 1260 

0.023U 0.023U 0.023U 0.023U 

0.0029 

0.004 

0.0087 0.0035 

Re86, pp. 179

Copper 11.7 0.17 

Lead 8.6 0.4 

Zinc 43.7 J 65.6 0.55 

Benzo(a)pyrene 0.38 0.0041 

18MC-L01W-S01-Z1 4/18/2007 0-2 inches dark gray, very fine silt, 

moderately plastic, 30% 

dolostone gravel 

20 6,490 Aroclor 1242 

Aroclor 1248 Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 1260 

0.021U 

0.021U 0.021U 0.021U 

0.0029 

0.004 

0.0087 0.0035 

Re84, 14, 137

Copper 34.5 J 42.09 0.21 

Lead 411 0.52 

Zinc 1,030 J 1,545 0.71 

Benzo(a)pyrene N/A 0.0041 

18MC-L01W-S01-Z2 4/18/2007 0.5-1 feet dark gray, very fine silt 

with 20% dolostone 

gravel 

14 29,200 Aroclor 1242 

Aroclor 1248 Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 1260 

0.019U 0.019U 0.019U 0.019U 

0.0029 

0.004 

0.0087 0.0035 

Re84, 14, 137

Copper 20.7 J 25.25 0.14 

Lead 127 0.34 

Zinc 73.1 J 109.65 0.47 

Benzo(a)pyrene N/A 0.0041 
EIGHTEENMILE CREEK HRS 

TABLE 1 - BACKGROUND AND RELEASE SAMPLES SUPPLEMENTAL REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT, JULY 2009 

Sample ID Date Depth Sample Description Percent Moisture TOC (mg/kg) Substance Results (mg/kg) Adjusted Result (mg/kg) * Detection Limit (mg/kg) 

18MC-L01W-S02-Z1 4/18/2007 0-2 inches dark brown to dark 20 6,490 Aroclor 1242 0.020U 0.0029 Re

gray, fine silt, 

moderately plastic, with Aroclor 1248 0.045 0.004 84, 

14, 

20% dolostone gravel Aroclor 1254 0.020U 0.0087 66, 

Aroclor 1260 0.020U 0.0035 169

Copper 106 J 129.32 0.16 

Lead 412 0.38 

Zinc 213 J 319.5 0.52 

Benzo(a)pyrene 0.068 J 0.68 0.0041 

18MC-L01W-S02-Z2 4/18/2007 1-2 feet dark brown to dark 22 29,200 Aroclor 1242 0.021U 0.0029 Re

gray, very fine silt with 

30% dolostone gravel Aroclor 1248 0.0069 J 0.069 0.004 84, 

14, 

and 20% debris Aroclor 1254 0.021U 0.0087 67, 

(glass/plastic/metal) Aroclor 1260 0.021U 0.0035 169

Copper 46.3 J 56.49 0.16 

Lead 1,660 0.38 

Zinc 176 J 264 0.52 

Benzo(a)pyrene 0.15 J 1.5 0.0041 

18MC-L01W-S03-Z1 4/18/2007 0.3-1 feet dark brown to gray, 14 N/A Aroclor 1242 0.019U 0.0029 Re

very fine silt, 

moderately plastic, 30% Aroclor 1248 0.019U 0.004 84, 

pp. 

dolostone gravel Aroclor 1254 0.100 0.0087 160

Aroclor 1260 0.019U 0.0035 

Copper 42 J 51 0.14 

Lead 227 0.34 

Zinc 240 J 360 0.47 

Benzo(a)pyrene N/A 0.0041 

18MC-L02W-S01-Z1 4/18/2007 1-2 feet tan-brown, silty clay 28 N/A Aroclor 1242 0.023U 0.0029 Re

with 10% gravel and 

5% shell fragments Aroclor 1248 0.023U 0.004 84, 

pp. 

Aroclor 1254 0.023U 0.0087 160Aroclor 1260 0.023U 0.0035 

Copper 21.7 J 26.5 0.170 

Lead 88.8 0.400 

Zinc 64.8 J 97.2 0.560 

Benzo(a)pyrene N/A 0.0041 
EIGHTEENMILE CREEK HRS 

TABLE 1 - BACKGROUND AND RELEASE SAMPLES SUPPLEMENTAL REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT, JULY 2009 

Sample ID Date Depth Sample Description Percent Moisture TOC (mg/kg) Substance Results (mg/kg) Adjusted Result (mg/kg) * Detection Limit (mg/kg) 

18MC-L02W-S01-Z2 4/18/2007 2-3.2 feet dark gray to black 27 N/A Aroclor 1242 0.022U 0.0029 Re

plastic clay. Aroclor 1248 0.022U 0.004 84, 

pp. 

Aroclor 1254 0.022U 0.0087 160

Aroclor 1260 0.022U 0.0035 

Copper 71.1 J 86.7 0.160 

Lead 204 0.380 

Zinc 149 J 224 0.530 

Benzo(a)pyrene N/A 0.0041 

18MC-L02W-S02-Z1 4/18/2007 0-2 inches poorly sorted, sandy, 13 22,400 J Aroclor 1242 0.019U 0.0029 Re

gravelly sediment with 

20% shell fragments Aroclor 1248 0.013J 0.13 0.004 84, 

14, 

Aroclor 1254 0.019U 0.0087 138

Aroclor 1260 0.019U 0.0035 p. 7 

Copper 55.5 J 67.7 0.14 

Lead 951 J 1369 0.34 

Zinc 140 J 210 0.47 

Benzo(a)pyrene 0.024 J 0.24 0.0041 

18MC-L02W-S02-Z2 4/18/2007 1-2 feet mottled dark and light 34 31,500 Aroclor 1242 0.025U 0.0029 Re

gray clay; appears 

native Aroclor 1248 0.025U 0.004 84, 

14, 

Aroclor 1254 0.025U 0.0087 138

Aroclor 1260 0.025U 0.0035 p. 8 

Copper 29.5 J 36 0.180 

Lead 138 J 199 0.430 

Zinc 124 J 186 0.590 

Benzo(a)pyrene N/A 0.0041 

18MC-L02W-S03-Z1 4/18/2007 0-2 inches tan-brown, silty clay 16 N/A Aroclor 1242 0.020U 0.0029 Re

with 10-15 % gravel 

and few organic Aroclor 1248 0.020U 0.004 84, 

pp. 

fragments Aroclor 1254 0.020U 0.0087 160

Aroclor 1260 0.020U 0.0035 

Copper 81.2 J 99.1 0.140 

Lead 87 0.350 

Zinc 141 J 212 0.480 

Benzo(a)pyrene N/A 0.0041 
EIGHTEENMILE CREEK HRS 

TABLE 1 - BACKGROUND AND RELEASE SAMPLES SUPPLEMENTAL REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT, JULY 2009 

Sample ID Date Depth Sample Description Percent Moisture TOC (mg/kg) Substance Results (mg/kg) Adjusted Result (mg/kg) * Detection Limit (mg/kg) 

18MC-L02W-S03-Z2 4/18/2007 3.2-4 feet dark gray to black, 

plastic clay; appears 

native 

15 N/A Aroclor 1242 

Aroclor 1248 Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 1260 

0.019U 0.019U 0.019U 0.019U 

0.0029 

0.004 

0.0087 0.0035 

Re84, pp. 704

Copper 17.7 J 21.6 0.14 

Lead 28.9 0.34 

Zinc 48.5 J 72.8 0.47 

Benzo(a)pyrene N/A 0.0041 

18MC-L01E-S01-Z1 4/20/2007 0-2 inches black, granular soil 

with 5% fine gravel 

20 193,000 Aroclor 1242 

Aroclor 1248 Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 1260 

0.020U 

0.020U 

0.035 

0.020U 

0.0029 

0.004 

0.0087 0.0035 

Re84, 17, 146p. 1

Copper 57.6 0.150 

Lead 145 J 209 0.350 

Zinc 292 J 438 0.480 

Benzo(a)pyrene 0.3 0.0041 

18MC-L01E-S03-Z1 4/20/2007 0-2 inches dark brown soil with 

10% fine gravel 

23 51,400 Aroclor 1242 

Aroclor 1248 Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 1260 

0.021U 

0.026 

0.021U 0.021U 

0.0029 

0.004 

0.0087 0.0035 

Re84, 17, 85, 

Copper 

Lead 

59.6 

113 J 192 

0.16 0.39 

25, 

Zinc 131 J 197 0.53 

Benzo(a)pyrene 0.34 0.0041 

18MC-L01E-S03-Z2 4/20/2007 0.5-1.2 feet brown soil with clay 

and silt, slightly plastic, 

15% fine gravel and 

asphalt fragments 

6 N/A Aroclor 1242 

Aroclor 1248 Aroclor 1254 Aroclor 1260 

Copper 

Lead 

0.018U 

0.053 

0.13 

0.018U 

131 

170 J 245 

0.0029 

0.004 

0.0087 0.0035 

0.12 

0.3 

Re84, 17, 146

Zinc 158 J 237 0.42 

Benzo(a)pyrene N/A 0.0041 

OBSERVED RELEASE 

18MC-L03W-S01-Z1 4/19/2007 0.8-1.8 feet dark brown, soft silt 

with 10% gravel 

32 N/A Aroclor 1248 0.73 0.004 Re

84, 

pp. 

25, 
EIGHTEENMILE CREEK HRS 

TABLE 1 - BACKGROUND AND RELEASE SAMPLES SUPPLEMENTAL REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT, JULY 2009 

Sample ID Date Depth Sample Description Percent Moisture TOC (mg/kg) Substance Results (mg/kg) Adjusted Result (mg/kg) * Detection Limit (mg/kg) 

18MC-L02E-S01-Z1 4/20/2007 0.8-1.5 feet Dark gray to black silt 

with estimated 20% 

24 N/A Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

1.5 

2.3 

0.004 

0.0087 

R

84

fine to small gravel 17

18MC-L07-S02-Z1 4/23/2007 0-2 inches black soft silt with 15% 

gravel 

49 80,500 Aroclor 1248 23 0.004 R

84

18

18MC-L08-S01-Z1 4/23/2007 0.5-1.5 feet dark brown clay rich 71 N/A Copper 609 J 499.2 0.42 R

soil with 35% wood 84

fragmants 

18MC-L08-S03-Z1 4/23/2007 0.5-1.5 feet Mixed brown silty, 39 N/A Aroclor 1248 35 0.004 Re

sandy, clay. 10-20% 84, 

unsorted gravel pp. 

25, 

18MC-L09-S01-Z1 4/23/2007 0.5-1.2 feet Brown clay with gravel 

and wood fragments 

61 N/A Aroclor 1242 

Copper 

33 

857 

0.0029 

0.3 

Re84, pp. 747

18MC-L09-S02-Z1 4/23/2007 0-2 inches Loose black sediment 

with mix of poorly 

38 50,600 Aroclor 1242 

Aroclor 1254 

8.8 

2.1 

0.0029 

0.0087 

Re84, 

sorted sand, gravel, and 19, 

silt 747

18MC-L09-S03-Z1 4/23/2007 1.5-2.5 feet Black, unconsolidated 

sediment comprised of 

a mix of silt, sand, and 

fine gravel. Possible 

very light sheen. 

30 N/A Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

Copper 

Lead 

Zinc 

41 

20 

54,900 15,000 21,400 

0.004 

0.0087 

3.4 2.1 

11.3 

Re84, pp. 747

18MC-L10-S01-Z1 4/23/2007 0.5-1.5 feet Dark brown loose top 

soil with fragments of 

wood, fine gravel, and 

39 N/A Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

Copper 

1.9 

0.85 

397 

0.004 

0.0087 

0.2 

Re84, pp. 

few sand 747

18MC-L10-S01-Z1/D 4/23/2007 0.5-1.5 feet Dark brown loose top 

soil with fragments of 

32 N/A Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

1.2 

0.63 

0.004 

0.0087 

Re86, 

wood, fine gravel, and 5, 1

few sand p. 2
EIGHTEENMILE CREEK HRS 

TABLE 1 - BACKGROUND AND RELEASE SAMPLES SUPPLEMENTAL REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT, JULY 2009 

Sample ID Date Depth Sample Description Percent Moisture TOC (mg/kg) Substance Results (mg/kg) Adjusted Result (mg/kg) * Detection Limit (mg/kg) 

18MC-L11-S01-Z1 4/24/2007 1-1.6 feet Dark gray to dark tan 

mixed soft silt. Possible 

41 N/A Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

1.0 

0.65 

0.004 

0.0087 

Re84, 

light sheen pp. 

p. 2

18MC-L11-S02-Z1 4/24/2007 0.5-0.9 feet black silty sediment 

with 30% mixed gravel 

N/A N/A Zinc 

Benzo(a)pyrene 

7,660 J 

7.1 

5,106.7 7.1 

0.0041 

Re84, 

and unsorted sand pp. 

85, 

18MC-L12-S01-Z1 4/24/2007 1.0-1.6 feet Tan to dark brown soft N/A N/A Copper 725 J 594 0.19 R

silt with black streaks 84

and some small gravel. pp

18MC-L13-S03-Z1 4/24/2007 0.5-1.0 feet Black silt with 20% 

coarse sand to small 

52 N/A Aroclor 1242 

Copper 

46 

2,830 J 2,319.7 

0.0029 

0.25 

R

84

gravel and fragments of Zinc 7,340 J 4,893.3 8.3 pp

plastic 

18MC-L14E-S02-Z1 4/24/2007 0-2 inches Gray silt with 25% 

sorted sand and gravel 

46 51,000 Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

Copper 

180 

57 

1150 J 942.6 

0.004 

0.0087 

0.22 

Re84, 20, 144

18MC-L14E-S02-Z2 4/24/2007 1-1.5 feet Dark brown silt with 

10% fine gravel 

38 79,000 Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

Copper 

57 

85 

646 J 529.5 

0.004 

0.0087 

0.19 

Re84, 20, 144

18MC-L14E-S03-Z1 4/24/2007 0-2 inches Black silt with 25% 

fine gravel and organic 

matter 

37 N/A Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

Copper 

41 

18 

860 J 704.9 

0.004 

0.0087 

0.19 

Re84, pp. 935

18MC-L15E-S01-Z1 4/24/2007 0.5-0.9 feet Dark gray silt with 25% 

unsorted sand and small 

57 N/A Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

19 J 

10 J 

1.9 

1 

0.004 

0.0087 

Re84, 

gravel Copper 1,370 J 1,123 0.29 pp. 

737

18MC-L15E-S02-Z1 4/24/2007 0-2 inches Brown-gray silt with 

60% unsorted sand and 

35 100,000 Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

3.7 

1.1 

0.004 

0.0087 

Re84, 

fine gravel Copper 

Benzo(a)pyrene 

728 J 

34 

596.7 0.19 

0.0041 

21, 11525, 
EIGHTEENMILE CREEK HRS 

TABLE 1 - BACKGROUND AND RELEASE SAMPLES SUPPLEMENTAL REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION REPORT, JULY 2009 

Sample ID Date Depth Sample Description Percent Moisture TOC (mg/kg) Substance Results (mg/kg) Adjusted Result (mg/kg) * Detection Limit (mg/kg) 

18MC-L15E-S03-Z1 4/24/2007 0.5-1.0 feet Soft brown silt. 20% 

fine to small gravel 

42 N/A Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

Copper 

14 

3.1 

6,830 J 5,598.4 

0.004 

0.0087 

0.2 

Re84, pp. 758

18MC-L15W-S01-Z1 4/24/2007 0.3-1.2 Dark brown clay-rich 

soil wth 30% organic 

50 N/A Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

0.73 0.67 

0.004 

0.0087 

Re84, 

matter and 10% small pp. 

gravel 126

18MC-L16E-S01-Z1 4/24/2007 0.4-1.0 feet Black to dark brown silt 

with 25% organic 

matter and 10% fine to 

50 N/A Aroclor 1242 

Aroclor 1254 

Copper 

31 

6.7 

2,640 J 2,163.9 

0.0029 

0.0087 

1.2 

Re84, pp. 

medium gravel 779

25, 

18MC-L16E-S02-Z1 4/24/2007 0-0.5 feet Soft black silt with 10% 

wood fragments 

56 50,200 Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

4.3 

1.5 

0.004 

0.0087 

Re84, 21, 786

18MC-L16E-S03-Z1 4/24/2007 0.5-1 feet Dark brown silt with 

30% organic fragments 

(roots) and 5% small 

59 N/A Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

Copper 

5.9 

2.8 

1,170 J 959 

0.004 

0.0087 

0.3 

Re84, pp. 

gravel 793

18MC-L16W-S01-Z1 4/24/2007 0.2-0.8 feet Brown-red silt with 

20% organic fragments 

49 N/A Aroclor 1248 

Aroclor 1254 

5.8 

4.5 

0.004 

0.0087 

Re84, 

and 15% fine to small pp. 

gravel 25, 

18MC-L18-S02-Z1 4/25/2007 0.2-0.9 feet Mixed brown silt with 

40% fine wood 

46 36,300 Aroclor 1242 

Copper 

1.2 

1,370 

0.0029 

0.22 

Re84, 

fragments and a few pp. 

fine gravel 687

Notes:
 

U - Indicates the compound was analyzed for not detected [Ref. 14, p. 23; 15, p. 19; 17, p. 23; 18, p. 23; 19, p. 18; 20, p. 23; 21, p. 18; 22, p. 19; 26, p. 20]
 J - Indicates estimated value [Ref. 14, p. 23; 15, p. 19; 17, p. 23; 18, p. 23; 19, p. 18; 20, p. 23; 21, p. 18; 22, p. 19; 26, p. 20]
 * All estimated results were adjusted for unknown bias in accordance with "Using Qualified Data to Document and Observed Release and Observed Contamination" [Ref. 27, pp. 4-8, 1The sample analyses were not performed under the EPA CLP and the analytical data packages do not establish SQLs, so the detection limits are used [Ref. 1, p. 51589].
 Bold indicates maximum background levels
 
EIGHTEENMILE CREEK HRS 

TABLE 2 - BACKGROUND AND RELEASE SAMPLES DATA SUMMARY REPORT, MARCH 2011 

Sample ID Date Depth (ft bgs) Sample Description Grain Size (% fines)* TOC (mg/kg) Hazardous Substance Result (mg/kg) Adjusted Result (mg/kg)* % Moisture Dilution Factor SQL (mg/kg) 

TRIBUTARY (BACKGROUND) SAMPLES R7-203-T-Z1a 6/29/2010 0-0.5 Silt, little fine sand, some organic 53.7 50,200 PCB-1242 (AROCLOR 1242) 0.08U 59 1.0 0.080 Ref

matter PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.08U 0.080 749

PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 0.08U 0.080 PCB-1260 (AROCLOR 1260) 0.08U 0.080 

R7-204-T-Z1a 6/29/2010 0-0.3 Brown silt, trace organic matter 40.3 52,300 PCB-1242 (AROCLOR 1242) 0.062U 47 1.0 0.062 Ref

PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.062U 0.062 212PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) PCB-1260 (AROCLOR 1260) 

0.062U 0.062U 

0.062 0.062 

R7-201-T-Comp 6/25/2010 0-1.1 Brown silt, organic traces of gravel 52.4 28,400 PCB-1242 (AROCLOR 1242) 0.064U 49 1.0 0.064 Ref

PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.064U 0.064 283

PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) PCB-1260 (AROCLOR 1260) 

0.064U 0.064U 

0.064 0.064 

R7-201-T-Z1a 6/25/2010 0-0.5 Brown and grey silt, organic matter, 89.3 34,200 PCB-1242 (AROCLOR 1242) 0.07U 53 1.0 0.070 Ref

and traces of gravel PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.07U 0.070 299

PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) PCB-1260 (AROCLOR 1260) 

0.07U 0.07U 

0.070 0.070 

R7-202-T-Comp 6/29/2010 0-0.9 Grey-brown silt and mixed sand and 65 30,600 PCB-1242 (AROCLOR 1242) 0.067U 51 1.0 0.067 Ref

wet soft organic matter PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.067U 0.067 196

PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) PCB-1260 (AROCLOR 1260) 

0.067U 0.067U 

0.067 0.067 

R7-202-T-Z1a 6/29/2010 0-0.5 Grey-brown silt and mixed sand and 

wet soft organic matter 

84.9 45,900 PCB-1242 (AROCLOR 1242) 

PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) PCB-1260 (AROCLOR 1260) 

0.11U 0.11U 0.11U 0.11U 

69 1.0 0.110 

0.110 0.110 0.110 

Ref

196

R4-119-T 11/17/2009 0-0.5 Brown and green clay few rootlets 80.4 22,000 PCB-1242 (AROCLOR 1242) 0.048U 31.9 1.0 0.048 Re

little to trace silt and sand PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.048U 0.048 

PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) PCB-1260 (AROCLOR 1260) 

0.048U 0.048U 

0.048 0.048 

RELEASE SAMPLES R7-071-C 11/25/2009 0-1.5 

Brown soft silt with few mixed sand 

61.4 72,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 4.2 67.4 10.0 1.0 

Ref

pp

Dark gray silt Re

R7-072-C 11/24/2009 0-0.8 67.2 93,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 3.9 53.2 10.0 0.70 pp

R7-077-C 11/24/2009 0-1.2 Dark gray to black soft silt with few 69.4 73,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 1.4 67 5.0 0.50 Re

mixed sand pp

R7-080-C 12/2/2009 0-1.7 0.1-0.2 Grey silty clay with medium 

grained sand, organics; 0.2-0.3 fine 

sub angular gravel; 0.3-1.1 grey to 

black stained silty clay with fine 

sand, organics sheen and fuel odor; 

1.1-1.3 black material with strong 

fuel odor; 1.3-1.7 black stained 

64.3 41,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 0.76 47.5 1.0 0.062 Re

clayey silt w/o cinders 

R7-082-CR 11/30/2009 0-1.6 0-1.4 Gray to black clay silt with 

sparse sand, high organic content, 

sheen faint fuel odor, saturated; 1.4-

61.5 39,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 1.4 49.3 5.0 0.33 Re

pp

1.6 Reddish brown clay 

R7-085-C 11/30/2009 0-1.6 Medium to dark brown clayey silt 45.7 62,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 7.8 54.4 10.0 0.72 Ref. 

with high organic content, saturated, 13, 

sheen, fuel odor present. 

R7-088-C 11/25/2009 0-1 Moist clayey sand almost black 61.8 91,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 55 53.4 100.0 7.0 Re

pp
EIGHTEENMILE CREEK HRS 

TABLE 2 - BACKGROUND AND RELEASE SAMPLES DATA SUMMARY REPORT, MARCH 2011 

Sample ID Date Depth (ft bgs) Sample Description Grain Size (% fines)* TOC (mg/kg) Hazardous Substance Result (mg/kg) Adjusted Result (mg/kg)* % Moisture Dilution Factor SQL (mg/kg) 

R7-091-C 11/24/2009 0-1.4 Saturated silty sand, dark brown and 

organic debris 

44.5 109,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 11 67.2 10.0 1.0 Ref

13, p

R7-092-C 11/24/2009 0-1 Saturated silty sand, dark brown and 

slight organic odor 

53.1 64,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 2.5 58.5 10.0 0.79 Re

pp

R7-094-C 11/23/2009 0-1 Black silt with mixed sand 62.1 64,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 1.3 65.8 1.0 0.096 Ref. 

1

R7-172-C-Comp 6/25/2010 0-0.9 Dark gray and brown silt and sand, 

hydrocarbon odor 

35 42,900 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 

PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 

10 12 

52 50.0 3.4 

3.4 

Ref

74

R7-172-C-Z1a 6/25/2010 0-0.5 Dark gray and brown silt and sand, 

hydrocarbon odor 

30 58,600 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 8.4 54 15.0 1.1 Ref

749

R7-174-C-Z1a 6/25/2010 0-0.5 Mixed silt, mostly dark gray, little 79.3 82,200 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 1.8 69 5.0 0.53 Ref

brown , fine gravel and sand with 28

some decayed organics, hydrocarbon 

odor, slight sheen 

R7-176-C-Comp 6/24/2010 0-0.9 Mix of sandy silt, brown and black, 31.3 108,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 3.3 59 10.0 0.80 Ref

slight odor no sheen 28

R7-176-C-Z1a 6/24/2010 0-0.5 Mix of sandy silt, brown and black, 

slight odor no sheen 

44.8 106,000 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 

PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 

7.5 

3.2 

75 10.0 1.3 

1.3 

Ref

28

R7-178-C-Z1 6/24/2010 0.5-1.2 0.4-0.9 dark gray silt with few 

decayed oragnics; 0.9-1.2 brown silty 

sand 

52.2 130,000 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 

PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) PCB-1260 (AROCLOR 1260) 

16 NJ 

26 J 

42 

1.6 NJ 

2.6 J 

64 100.0 9.1 

9.1 

9.1 

Ref

742

R7-179-C-Comp 6/23/2010 0-0.7 All wet soft brown silt, little traces of 80.7 41,400 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 2.1 65 10.0 0.94 Ref

gravel. 157

R7-180-C-Comp 6/23/2010 0-1.1 0-0.5 Brown sandy silt , traces of 

gravel, decayed organics; 0.5-1.1 

42.7 64,500 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 

PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 

26 

18 

51 100.0 6.7 

6.7 

Ref

15

brown silt with little sand, traces of 

organics 

R7-184-C-Comp 6/30/2010 0-0.75 Very dark gray-brown clayey silt 

with fine sand. Very thin film of med 

brown sandy silt. Strong sweet/rancid 

fuel odor. Bubbly and oil sheen on 

67.8 101,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 6.9 52 50.0 3.4 Ref

22

water surface. 

R7-187-C-Comp 6/30/2010 0-0.95 0-0.5 dark grey-brown organic 

silt/muck, mild sulfur odor; 0.5-0.95 

71.1 53,700 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 

PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 

41 J 

23 

4.1 J 59 50.0 4.0 

4.0 

Ref

22

dark gray brown sandy silt/muck, 

high organic content, very mild decay 

odor. 

R7-194-C-Comp 6/29/2010 0-0.6 Dark gray-brown silty sand with fine 

gravel, organics, paint chips, metal 

21.8 84,700 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 

PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 

23 

10 

63 50.0 4.4 

4.4 

Ref

749

shards, plastic shreds, mild odor of 

sweet/rancid fuel smell. 

R7-195-C-Comp 6/29/2010 0-0.6 Gray-brown silty sand with fine 

gravel, organic material, black 

staining, shredded rubber, and plastic, 

strong rancid/sweet fuel odor. Darker 

22.8 66,600 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 3.0 42 10.0 0.57 Ref

731

stained lens at 0.2 
EIGHTEENMILE CREEK HRS 

TABLE 2 - BACKGROUND AND RELEASE SAMPLES DATA SUMMARY REPORT, MARCH 2011 

Sample ID Date Depth (ft bgs) Sample Description Grain Size (% fines)* TOC (mg/kg) Hazardous Substance Result (mg/kg) Adjusted Result (mg/kg)* % Moisture Dilution Factor SQL (mg/kg) 

R7-198-C-Comp 6/28/2010 0-0.9 0-0.5 medium brown, fine to medium 

grained sand; 0.5-0.9 dark brown to 

black sandy silt with decaying 

organic matter, shredded plastic and 

black streaking, sweet/rancid fuel like 

odor 

28.4 57,500 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 1.3 40 5.0 0.27 Ref

550

R7-200-C-Z1a 6/28/2010 0-0.5 Dark brown silty sand 23.5 66,900 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 0.52 44 1.0 0.059 Ref

74

R6-052-C 11/19/2009 0-1.3 Black silt, strong hydrocarbons odor, 67.6 84,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 1.3 67.5 5.0 0.5 Ref

sheen visible 13, p

R6-056-CR 11/17/2009 0-1.2 Sandy gravel with few clays, 52.5 26,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 1.0 39.9 10.0 0.55 Re

brownish gray with some red pp

observed, dark blue sheen 

R6-066-C 11/25/2009 0-1.9 Gray silt with sand and decayed 

organics 

69.9 47,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 4.5 60.7 10.0 0.82 Ref

13, 

R6-161-C-Z1 7/1/2010 0.5-1.5 0.5-1.2 mixed black silt and fine sand 

and few gravel and up to 50% 

decayed organics; 1.2-1.5 black silt, 

hydrocarbon odor, no sheen 

57.5 51,500 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 25 J 2.5 J 65 100.0 9.5 Ref

33

R5-045-V-Z1 5/20/2010 0-1 Brown silt with mostly twigs and N/A N/A PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.88 75 1.0 0.13 Re

organics, wet 

R4-135-C-Comp 6/21/2010 0-0.8 Mix of dark and brown silt, sand and 21.1 43,200 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 19 59 50.0 4.0 Ref

organics, moderate hydrocarbon PCB-1260 (AROCLOR 1260) 8.3 J 0.83 J 74

odor, little sheen 

R4-135-C-Z1a 6/21/2010 0-0.5 Mix of dark and brown silt, sand and 47.1 115,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 5.3 67 10.0 0.99 Ref

organics, moderate hydrocarbon 749

odor, little sheen 

R4-143-C-Z1a 6/23/2010 0-0.3 Decayed organics twigs and lleaves, 

with little brown silt. 

33.7 102,000 PCB-1254 (AROCLOR 1254) 1.1 64 1.0 0.091 Ref

157

R2-001-V-Z3 5/18/2010 2-3 Wet black slightly soft fine silt 97.9 91,800 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 2.5 75 5.0 0.66 Re

468

R2-002-V-Z1 5/18/2010 0-1 Soft very fine silt, few organics 

(leaves) 

98.8 46,200 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.42 72 1.0 0.12 Re

469

R2-003-V-Z2 5/18/2010 1-2 Dark gray silt, few twigs and leaves 99.4 42,800 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.51 67 1.0 0.099 Re

debris 470

R2-003-V-Z3 5/18/2010 2-3 Dark gray silt, few twigs and leaves 93.8 92,400 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 4.1 75 5.0 0.66 Re

debris 470

R2-004-V-Z3 5/18/2010 2-3 Gray-black very soft silt, few 

organics (leaves, roots), hydrocarbon 

odor 

98.1 73,100 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 2.7 74 5.0 0.63 Re

424

R2-005-V-Z2 5/19/2010 1-2 Brown-gray very fine, soft silt, few 

organics 

99.2 46,900 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.47 66 1.0 0.096 Re

424
EIGHTEENMILE CREEK HRS 

TABLE 2 - BACKGROUND AND RELEASE SAMPLES DATA SUMMARY REPORT, MARCH 2011 

Sample ID Date Depth (ft bgs) Sample Description Grain Size (% fines)* TOC (mg/kg) Hazardous Substance Result (mg/kg) Adjusted Result (mg/kg)* % Moisture Dilution Factor SQL (mg/kg) 

R2-005-V-Z3 5/19/2010 2-3 Black gray very fine silt, few rootlets 

and leaves, slight sheen, hydrocarbon 

odor 

97.9 107,000 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 7.0 71 10.0 1.1 Re

424

R2-005-V-Z4 5/19/2010 3-4 Gray-black very fine fine silt, traces 

of fine gravel, few rootlets, slight 

sheen, hydrocarbon odor 

97.2 69,800 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 2.8 68 10.0 1.0 Re

424

R2-007-V-Z2 5/19/2010 1-2 Brown-gray very fine silt, traces of 

rootlets 

100 58,300 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 2.1 68 5.0 0.51 Re

487

R2-007-V-Z3 5/19/2010 2-3 Gray-black gray very fine silt, few 

rootlets, slight hydrocarbon odor, 

traces of fine gravel 

99.8 136,000 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 22 71 50.0 5.7 Re

487

R2-008-V-Z2 5/19/2010 1-2 Gray-brown very soft wet silt, few 

rootlets 

98.9 57,400 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.87 63 1.0 0.089 Ref

488

R2-009-V-Z2 5/19/2010 1-2 Gray-brown soft wet silt, few 

rootlets, fine gravel 

98.9 54,300 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.59 66 1.0 0.097 Ref

489

R2-009-V-Z3 5/19/2010 2-3 Gray-black silt, mildly firm, few 

rootlets, wood pulp 

97.2 99,700 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 4.6 69 10.0 1.1 Ref

506

R2-011-V-Z1a 5/25/2010 0-0.5 Brown silt, wet low density, traces of 

fine sand, few organics 

94.9 32,000*** PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.38 64 1.0 0.091 Ref

574

R2-013-V-Z1a 5/25/2010 0-0.5 Brown wet loose fine silt, traces of 

fine sand, few organics, low density 

91.9*** 53,000*** PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 0.59 70 1.0 0.11 Ref

597

R2-013-V-Z1b 5/25/2010 0.5-1 Brown wet loose fine silt, traces of 

fine sand, few organics, low density 

91.9*** 53,000*** PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 1.9 89 1.0 0.3 Ref

597

R2-015-V-Z3 5/25/2010 2-3 Brown wet loose fine silt, traces of 

fine sand 

91.8 131,000 PCB-1248 (AROCLOR 1248) 6.5 69 10.0 1.1 Ref

909

Notes: ft bgs = feet below ground surface
 

TOC = total organic carbon
 mg/kg = milligrams per kilogram
 SQL = sample quantitation limit = adjusted CRQL as defined in CLP Statement of Work SOM01.2 [Ref. 1, pp. 51586, 51589; 11, pp. 62, 111-113].
 J - The analyte was positively identified-the associated numerical value is the approximate concentration of the analyte in the sample [Ref. 27, p. 6; 30, pp. 3-4] N - The analysis indicates the presence of an analyte that has been "tentatively identified," and the associated numerical value represents its approximate concentration [Ref. 30 p. 3].
 U - The substance or analyte was analyzed for, but no quantifiable concentration was found at or above the CRQL [Ref. 27, p. 6; 30, pp. 3-4]
 * - Grain size (% fines) = particle size less than 75-μm [Ref. 34, p. 1]
 ** - All estimated results were adjusted for unknown bias in accordance with "Using Qualified Data to Document and Observed Release and Observed Contamination" [Ref. 27, pp. 4-8, 14, 16, 18]
 *** - Result for total depth
 Bold indicates maximum background levels
 N/A = not available
 
SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity 

Source No.: 1 

2.4.2 Hazardous Waste Quantity 

2.4.2.1.1 Hazardous Constituent Quantity 

The information available is not sufficient to evaluate Tier A source hazardous waste quantity; therefore, hazardous 

constituent quantity is not scored (NS). 

Hazardous Constituent Quantity (C) Value: NS 

2.4.2.1.2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity 

The information available is not sufficient to evaluate Tier B source hazardous waste quantity; therefore, hazardous 

wastestream quantity is not scored. 

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity (W) Value: NS 

2.4.2.1.3 Volume 

Analytical results show that contaminated sediments are located throughout Eighteenmile Creek [see Sections 2.2.1 and 

2.4.1]. However, the total volume of PCB-contaminated sediments is unknown. Therefore, the volume of contaminated 

sediments is considered to be greater than 0 (>0) cubic yards. The source type is ‘Other,’ so the volume value is divided 

by 2.5 to obtain the assigned value, as shown below [Ref. 1, p. 51591 (Section 2.4.2.1.3, Table 2-5)]. 

Dimension of source (yd3

): >0 yd3 

Volume (V) Assigned Value: (>0)/2.5 = >0 

2.4.2.1.4 Area
 

Tier D is not evaluated for source type “other” [Ref. 1, p. 51591 (Table 2-5, Section 2.4.2.1.4)]. 

Area of source (ft2

): N/A 

Area (A) Assigned Value: 0 

2.4.2.1.5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 

The source hazardous waste quantity value for Source 1 is >0 for Tier C - Volume [Ref. 1, p. 51591]. 

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value: >0 

32 
 

SD-Summary 

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

 Containment 

Source 

Source Hazardous Waste 

Number Quantity Value

Ground 

 Water

Surface 

 Water Gas

 Air 

Particulate 

1 >0 NS 10 * NS NS 

NS = Not Scored 

* The overland flow containment factor is 10 for the source [see Section 2.2.1]. 

33 
 

 

 

SWOF-Surface Water Overland Flow/Flood Migration Pathway 

4.1 OVERLAND/FLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT 

4.1.1.1 Definition of Hazardous Substance Migration Path for Overland/Flood Component 

The headwaters of Eighteenmile Creek originate southeast of Lockport in the Niagara County Park and Golf Course and 

flow aboveground to the west for approximately 1 mile, where they enter an underground pipe on the east side of 

Lockport [Ref. 7, p. 65; 28, pp. 6, 7, 21]. The creek then flows northwest under Lockport for approximately 3⁄4 mile, 

where it empties into a sluice located just southeast of the NYSBC and just southwest of the Mill Street Bridge [Ref. 7, p. 

65; 28, pp. 6, 19, 20]. Water from the NYSBC is discharged through the Hall Spillway and flows east into the sluice 

[Ref. 28, pp. 6, 19]. The headwaters of Eighteenmile Creek and NYSBC waters combine in the sluice and flow through 

Culvert No. 125 under the NYSBC, exiting on the north side of the NYSBC and forming what is referred to as the East 

Branch of Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 5, p. 69; 28, pp. 6, 13, 14, 19]. The East Branch associated with the headwaters of 

Eighteenmile Creek is not the same stream as East Branch, a tributary of Eighteenmile Creek entering the creek just south 

of Newfane, New York, approximately 4 miles downstream of the headwaters [Ref. 4, p. 1]. The West Branch of 

Eighteenmile Creek originates in Upson Park at the dry dock on the north side of the NYSBC, and also receives water 

from two underground flows from the south and southwest [Ref. 5, p. 69; 28, pp. 5, 17, 18]. Waters from the East and 

West Branches converge on the south side of Clinton Street and flow under Clinton Street to the Mill Pond (which is the 

result of Clinton Street Dam) [Ref. 5, p. 69, 182-184; 7, p. 24; 8, p. 68]. Eighteenmile Creek flows north for 

approximately 15 miles and discharges to Lake Ontario in Olcott, New York [Ref. 7, p. 24; 9, p. 13, 319]. 

The Eighteenmile Creek site is scored by the following approach: 

The threats being evaluated are the Surface Water Pathway Human Food Chain and Environmental Threats. 

An observed release by chemical analysis is documented throughout Eighteenmile Creek, and the hazardous 

substances present include PCBs [see Section 2.2]. 

Since the source is contaminated sediments in the waterway with discernable flow, the 15-Mile Surface water 

Pathway begins at the most upstream sediment sample documenting observed release [Ref. 1, p. 51605]. 

The known zone of contamination extends from the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor in Lockport (farthest upstream 

sample: 18MC-L03W-S01-Z1 indicated PCB Aroclor 1248 detected at 0.73 mg/kg) to just south of the Burt 

Dam fishery (farthest downstream sample: R2-001-V-Z3 indicated PCB Aroclor 1248 detected at 2.5 mg/kg) 

[Tables 1 and 2; Ref. 7, p. 116; 9, p. 89; 13, pp. 16, 20; 15, p. 49, 140; 23, p. 1; 24, pp. 1, 2; 25, p. 1]. The 

sample locations are shown on Figures 2A and 2E. 

Targets subject to actual contamination include wetlands and the Eighteenmile Creek fishery at Ide Road in 

Town of Newfane [Sections 4.1.3.3 and 4.1.4.3], and targets subject to potential contamination include the 

Eighteenmile Creek fishery at Fisherman’s Park and significant coastal fish and wildlife habitat downstream of 

Burt Dam [Section 4.1.4.3]. 

34 
 

 

 

SWOF-Observed Release 

4.1.2.1 Likelihood of Release 

4.1.2.1.1 Observed Release 

Direct Observation 

An observed release by direct observation is not being scored. 

Chemical Analysis 

An observed release by chemical analysis is documented in Eighteenmile Creek between the Eighteenmile Creek 

Corridor in Lockport (farthest upstream sample: 18MC-L03-S01-Z1 indicated PCB Aroclor 1248 detected at 0.73 mg/kg) 

to just south of the Burt Dam fishery (farthest downstream sample: R2-001-V-Z3 indicated PCB Aroclor 1248 detected at 

2.5 mg/kg) [Tables 1 and 2; Ref. 7, p. 116; 9, p. 89; 13, pp. 15, 16, 19, 20; 15, p. 49, 140; 23, p. 1]. The sample locations 

are shown on Figures 2A through 2E [see Section 2.2]. 

Attribution 

Sediments in Eighteenmile Creek are contaminated with PCBs, copper, lead, zinc, and benzo(a)pyrene for a length of 

approximately 12.71 miles [see Section 2.2]. The origin of these hazardous substances in the contaminated sediments 

has not been identified due to the presence of multiple possible sources [Ref. 42, pp. 8, 72]. There are numerous routes 

that contamination can be taking to reach the water body and underlying sediments, including spillage during product 

shipping and handling, direct disposal and discharge, storm water runoff, and air deposition. As a result, the source(s) of 

all the contamination in any particular location in the creek cannot be determined. EPA considers any upland properties 

contributing to the sediment contamination observed in Eighteenmile Creek as a “possible source”. After extensive 

NYSDEC and EPA investigations, including Remedial Investigation and supplemental sampling, the specific sources of 

contaminants in Eighteenmile Creek have not been defined [Ref. 9, pp. 13-16; 42, pp. 8, 72]. EPA considers these 

activities equivalent to a multi-stage Expanded Site Inspection (ESI). 

The contaminants detected in the creek sediments can come from a wide variety of industrial and other anthropogenic 

activities. Potential sources and conduits of contaminants to Eighteenmile Creek have been identified as industrial and 

municipal wastewater discharges, CSOs, inactive hazardous waste sites, the New York Barge Canal discharge, 

contaminated sediments already present in the creek, and others [Ref. 9, p. 14]. For instance, CSOs and storm water 

runoff are major contributors of PCBs, copper, lead, zinc, and other pollutants, with a variety of contaminated properties 

or facilities as the likely contributors to those waste streams [Ref. 6, pp. 29, 43, 100, 102, 105]. NYSDEC and EPA have 

identified several potential contamination sources of hazardous substances in the Eighteenmile Creek watershed [Ref. 7, 

pp. 16-29]. As discussed below, there are numerous possible contributors to the sediment contamination observed in 

Eighteenmile Creek sediments. 

While these facilities or properties are thought to be contributing to the contamination in the creek, they have not 

been identified definitively as such and are not thought to be the only sources of contamination. Previous 

investigations by NYSDEC – brief descriptions of the facilities and associated investigations are provided below: 

Former Flintkote Plant Property: 

The Former Flintkote Plant property is located at 198, 225, and 300 Mill Street, Lockport, Niagara County, New York 

[Ref. 5, p. 25; 7, p. 27]. The Beckman Dawson Roofing Company purchased the Flintkote property in 1928 and 

manufactured felt and felt products [Ref. 5, p. 25; 7, p. 27]. Production of sound-deadening and tufting felt for use in 

automobiles began at Flintkote in 1935 and continued until operations ceased and the plant closed in December 1971 

35 
 

 

 

 

 

SWOF-Observed Release 

[Ref. 5, p. 25; 7, p. 27]. In addition to felt, composite laminates are suspected to have been manufactured at Flintkote, as 

they have been observed at the southernmost demolished building on the 198 Mill Street Property [Ref. 5, pp. 24-25; Ref. 

7, p. 26]. A portion of the Flintkote property at 300 Mill Street near William Street was formerly listed as “Site No. 

932072” in the Registry of Inactive Hazardous Waste Disposal Sites in New York State (NYS) with a classification code 

of 3 because of seven drums containing sweepings, solid materials and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) transformer oil 

that were stored in the basement of a building on site [Ref. 5, p. 25]. These drums were removed from the property by a 

waste oil processor in January 1984, and the “site” was removed from the Registry in 1985 [Ref. 5, p. 25]. In 1989, 

various drums containing chemicals were found at locations throughout the buildings at 300 Mill Street with 28 of these 

drums containing hazardous wastes [Ref. 5, p. 25]. These drums were disposed of off-site in May 1991 during a 

NYSDEC drum removal action [Ref. 5, p. 25; Ref. 7, p. 27]. The Former Flintkote Plant property is currently vacant and 

in disrepair [Ref. 5, p. 24]. A Site Investigation completed by the NYSDEC at the Former Flintkote Plant property 

during November and December 1999 revealed the presence of a consequential amount of hazardous waste (D008-lead) 

present on the property [Ref. 41, pp. 7, 32]. The NYSDEC concluded that the property should be included on the 

NYSDEC Registry of Inactive Hazardous Waste Disposal Sites in New York State and that Niagara County should 

continue to restrict access to the property [Ref. 41, pp. 7, 32]. 

In 2005, the NYSDEC completed a Remedial Investigation (RI) at the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor to better define the 

nature and extent of sediment contamination in Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 5, p. 10]. An objective of the RI included an 

investigation of potential sources of contaminants to the creek, including the Former Flintkote Plant Property [Ref. 5, pp. 

10, 69]. In March 2006, the NYSDEC issued a Record of Decision (ROD) for the Former Flintkote Plant Property [Ref. 

5, p. 26; 40, pp. 1-53]. Data collected from October 1995 through October 2003 at the Former Flintkote Plant Property is 

summarized in the ROD; the data indicates the presence of PCBs, SVOCs including benzo(a)pyrene, and inorganics 

including copper, lead, and zinc in a variety of matrices, including PCBs up to 108 mg/kg in sediment samples collected 

from buildings [Ref. 40 pp. 26–32]. 

A Supplemental Remedial Investigation was completed in July 2009 to further evaluate sediment contamination in 

Eighteenmile Creek and to determine the vertical and lateral extent of contamination in properties adjacent to the creek 

[Ref. 7, p. 16]. A total of 22 sediment samples (and one duplicate) were collected along seven transects established along 

the Eighteenmile Creek adjacent to the Former Flintkote Plant property [Ref. 7, pp. 17, 95]. The highest detection of 

PCBs in sediment of Eighteenmile Creek were found adjacent to the Former Flintkote Plant at 237 mg/kg; more 

specifically, in sample 18MC-L14E-S02-Z1, Aroclor 1248 was detected at 180 mg/kg and Aroclor 1254 was detected at 

57 mg/kg [Table 1; Ref. 7, pp. 65, 95, 126, 127]. Detections of benzo(a)pyrene in the sediment samples adjacent to the 

former Flintkote Plant Property, ranged from an estimated concentration of 0.28 mg/kg to 34 mg/kg, and the highest 

detections of copper, lead, and zinc in these samples were copper an estimated concentration of 6,830 mg/kg, lead at 

3,990 mg/kg, and zinc at an estimated concentration of 7,340 mg/kg [Ref. 7, pp. 124-127, 130]. 

Former United Paperboard Company Property: 

The Former United Paperboard Company Property is approximately 4.8 acres in size and is located at 62 and 70 Mill 

Street, Lockport, Niagara County, New York [Ref. 5, pp. 30-31; Ref. 7, p. 25]. The Jackson Lumber Company owned 

and operated at the 62 Mill Street United Paperboard property in the late 1880s and early 1890s [Ref. 7, p. 26]. A 

warehouse building was designated as the Saw Mill and Sash & Blind Manufacturing [Ref. 7, p. 26]. Sash & Blind 

added a pulp mill and box facility to its operations in 1892 [Ref. 7, p. 26]. By 1898 the lumber company had shut down 

their operations and the area previously occupied by Sash & Blind became the Traders’ Paper Company paper mill, 

which became United Box Board and Paper Company in 1903 [Ref. 7, p. 26]. The 70 Mill Street United Paperboard 

property was owned by United Box Board Company in 1909 [Ref. 7, p. 26]. United Box Board Company became United 

Paper Board Company in 1914, which changed its name to United Paperboard Company in 1928, which then became 

United Board’s Carton Corporation in 1948 and Beaverboard Company, Inc., in 1969 [Ref. 7, p. 26]. By 1969 the 

buildings had been vacated and dismantled [Ref. 7, p. 26]. The property is occupied by Duraline Abrasives, Inc., owned 

by TriSide, LLC, and contains one warehouse building [Ref. 5, p. 31; Ref. 7, p. 25]. 

36 
 

 

 

 

SWOF-Observed Release 

In 2005, the NYSDEC completed an RI at the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor to better define the nature and extent of 

sediment contamination in Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 5, p. 10]. The investigation included an investigation of potential 

sources of contaminates to the creek, including the Former United Paperboard Company Property [Ref. 5, pp. 10, 69]. 

The RI included the following activities: property inspection, completion of soil boring and test pit program, and 

collection of environmental samples for chemical analysis [Ref. 5, pp. 20-22]. During the property inspection of the 

Former United Paperboard Company Property, extensive ash fill was observed [Ref. 5, p. 51]. Five soil borings and 

three test pits were completed at the Former United Paperboard Company Property [Ref. 5, pp. 35, 69, 70]. Five surface 

and seven subsurface soil and fill samples were collected from the Former United Paperboard Company Property [Ref. 5, 

pp. 51, 72]. The surface soil samples were analyzed for PCBs and select metals and the subsurface soil samples were 

analyzed for PCBs, select metals, and SVOCs [Ref. 5, pp. 51]. The analytical results indicated the presence of PCBs, 

benzo(a)pyrene, copper, lead, and zinc [Ref. 5, pp. 156-159]. 

A Supplemental Remedial Investigation was completed in July 2009 in order to further evaluate sediment contamination 

the Eighteenmile Creek and to determine the vertical and lateral extent of contamination in properties adjacent to the 

Creek [Ref. 7, p. 16]. A total of 21 surface soil samples and 37 subsurface soil samples were collected from the Former 

United Paperboard Company Property as well as 20 sediment samples collected along six transects established along the 

Eighteenmile Creek adjacent to the Former United Paperboard Company property [Ref. 7, pp. 17, 94, 99, 104]. Surface 

and subsurface soil samples all indicated the presence of PCBs, benzo(a)pyrene, copper, lead, and zinc [Ref. 7, pp. 138­

141, 167-173]. Sediment samples collected along Eighteenmile Creek adjacent to the Former United Paperboard 

Company Property indicate the presence of total PCBs ranging from 0.04 mg/kg to 61 mg/kg; benzo(a)pyrene ranging 

from non-detect to 7.1 mg/kg; and elevated detections of copper, lead, and zinc at 54,900 mg/kg, 15,000 mg/kg, and 

21,400 mg/kg, respectively [Ref. 7, pp. 94, 120-123, 130]. 

Upson Park: 

Upson Park is listed as a town park and it consists of 5.9 acres of land owned by the City of Lockport [Ref. 7, p. 24]. 

The park is located at 100 Clinton Street, Lockport, Niagara County, New York [Ref. 5, pp. 31-32; Ref. 7, p. 24]. A 

canal boat building company operated on this property from the mid 1880s until no later than 1892 [Ref. 5, p. 32; Ref. 7, 

p. 24]. A pulp mill operated on this property between 1919 and 1928; in 1914, the mill company name changed to the 

United Paper Board Company [Ref. 5, p. 32; Ref. 7, p. 24]. By 1948, operations at the mill had been shut down and the 

buildings on the property had been demolished by 1969 [Ref. 7, pp. 24-25]. 

In 2005, the NYSDEC completed a RI at the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor to better define the nature and extent of 

sediment contamination in Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 5, p. 10]. The investigation included an investigation of potential 

sources of contaminates to the creek. Potential sources investigated included the Upson Park Property [Ref. 5, pp. 10, 

69]. The RI included the following activities: property inspection, completion of soil boring and collection of 

environmental samples for chemical analysis [Ref. 5, pp. 20-22]. During the property inspection, fill material was 

observed on the Upson Park property [Ref. 5, p. 48]. Four surface and subsurface fill/soil samples were analyzed for 

PCBs, select metals, and SVOCs [Ref. 5, pp. 49, 69, 71]. The analytical results indicated the presence of PCBs, 

benzo(a)pyrene, copper, lead, and zinc [Ref. 5, pp. 152, 153]. 

A Supplemental Remedial Investigation was completed in July 2009 in order to further evaluate sediment contamination 

the Eighteenmile Creek and to determine the vertical and lateral extent of contamination in properties adjacent to the 

Creek [Ref. 7, p. 16]. A total of 16 surface soil samples and 28 subsurface soil samples were collected from the Upson 

Park property as well as 24 sediment samples (and one duplicate) collected along five transects established along the 

Eighteenmile Creek adjacent to the Upson Park property [Ref. 7, pp. 17, 92, 97, 102]. Surface soil samples indicated the 

presence of PCBs, benzo(a)pyrene, copper, lead, and zinc; subsurface soil samples indicated the presence of PCBs, 

copper, lead, and zinc [Ref. 7, pp. 135, 136, 141, 161, 162, 173]. Sediment samples collected along Eighteenmile Creek 

adjacent to the Upson Park property indicate the presence of: total PCBs ranging from non-detect to 0.73 mg/kg; 

benzo(a)pyrene ranging from estimated concentrations of 0.024J mg/kg to 1.2J mg/kg; and detections of copper, lead, 

and zinc at 702 mg/kg, 1,660 mg/kg, and 1,300J mg/kg, respectively [Ref. 7, pp. 92, 114-117, 130]. 

37 
 

 

 

SWOF-Observed Release 

Former White Transportation Property: 

The Former White Transportation Property is approximately 2.6 acres in size and is located at 30-40 Mill Street, 

Lockport, Niagara County, New York [Ref. 5, p. 27; Ref. 7, p. 25]. There is a single-story concrete block building on the 

property, approximately 5,915 square feet in size, which was built in 1901 and had an addition to the western end 

completed in the early 1950s [Ref. 5, p. 27]. The building is currently vacant, but it was used in the recent past to store 

tractor-trailer trucks and equipment associated with former trucking operations [Ref. 5, p. 27]. Additionally, there were 

three trailers on the property: one locked trailer located near the front of the building facing Mill Street and two trailers 

near the bank of the East Branch of Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 7, p. 25]. One of the trailers along the bank contained 55­

gallon drums, two of which were lying on the ground behind the trailer; trailers and drums were later removed from the 

property under the supervision of NYSDEC [Ref. 7, p. 25]. The northern portion of the White Transportation property 

operated as the New York Cotton Batting Company from at least 1909 until at least 1920, as the James O-Ring Company 

during the early 1940s, and as White Transportation from 1948 until the late 1990s when all operations on the property 

ceased [Ref. 5, p. 28; Ref. 7, p. 25]. It is unknown what operations took place on the northern property during the 1920s 

and the 1930s [Ref. 5, p. 28; Ref. 7, p. 25]. The southern portion of the subject property operated as the Niagara Paper 

Mill from at least 1875 until approximately 1898, as a box factory by D.C. Graham in at least 1903, as a cold storage 

facility by L. Huston from at least 1903 until at least 1937, as the Lockport Leather Board Company from at least 1909 

until no later than 1914, as the Simon William Brewery from at least 1940 to 1952; and White Transportation from 1952 

until the late 1990s, when operations ceased [Ref. 5, p. 28; Ref. 7, p. 25]. 

In 2005, the NYSDEC completed a RI at the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor to better define the nature and extent of 

sediment contamination in Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 5, p. 10]. The investigation included an investigation of potential 

sources of contaminants to the creek, including the Former White Transportation Property [Ref. 5, pp. 10, 69]. The RI 

included the following activities: property inspection, completion of soil borings, and collection of environmental 

samples for chemical analysis [Ref. 5, pp. 20-22, 50]. During the property inspection, extensive slag and cinder-fill was 

observed throughout the White Transportation property [Ref. 5, p. 50]. Subsurface soil samples were analyzed for PCBs, 

select metals, and SVOCs [Ref. 5, pp. 50, 69, 71]. The analytical results indicated the presence of PCBs, 

benzo(a)pyrene, copper, lead and zinc [Ref. 5, pp. 154, 155]. 

A Supplemental Remedial Investigation was completed in July 2009 in order to further evaluate sediment contamination 

the Eighteenmile Creek and to determine the vertical and lateral extent of contamination in properties adjacent to the 

Creek [Ref. 7, p. 16]. A total of eight surface soil samples and 21 subsurface soil samples were collected from the 

Former White Transportation as well as 11 sediment samples collected along three transects established along the 

Eighteenmile Creek adjacent to the Former United Paperboard Company Property [Ref. 7, pp. 17, 93, 98, 103]. Surface 

and subsurface soil samples all indicated the presence of PCBs, benzo(a)pyrene, copper, lead, and zinc [Ref. 7, pp. 135, 

136, 141, 163-166, 173]. Sediment samples collected along Eighteenmile Creek adjacent to the Former White 

Transportation property indicate the presence of total PCBs ranging from 0.0066 mg/kg to 3.8 mg/kg; benzo(a)pyrene 

ranging from an estimated concentration of 0.15J mg/kg to 2.7 mg/kg and detections of copper lead and zinc at 361 

mg/kg, 807J mg/kg, and 5,190J mg/kg, respectively [Ref. 7, pp. 93, 118-119, 130]. 

Sources on the NYSBC 

The New York State Barge Canal (NYSBC; a.k.a. Erie Canal) is a manmade waterway that passes through the 

Eighteenmile Creek watershed in the City of Lockport [Ref. 6, p. 146]. Approximately 9 miles of the historic canal, 

which is laid out perpendicular to natural flow patterns and is fed by numerous tributaries, occur within the watershed 

[Ref. 6, pp. 85-86]. Water from the canal provided power for pulp mills, gristmills, tanneries, and sawmills in the City of 

Lockport during the 1800s [Ref. 6, p. 57]. The NYSBC currently provides important recreational land uses such as 

fishing, boating, and hiking opportunities [Ref. 6, p. 72]. During dry weather, the NYSBC provides an input of 

approximately 50 cubic feet per second (cfs) into Eighteenmile Creek through a spillway and sluice [Ref. 6, p. 146; 7, p. 

24]. The canal is operated from early May to early November, at which time it is drawn down, temporarily increasing the 

inflow of water into Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 6, p. 146]. 

38 
 

SWOF-Observed Release 

An environmental database search shows dozens of possible pollution sources along the canal and within 1 mile of its 

confluence with Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 33, pp. 1-37]. These possible pollution sources along the NYSBC are a 

suspected pollution source in the Eighteenmile Creek watershed, in addition to industrial and municipal wastewater 

discharges, inactive hazardous waste sites, and CSOs [Ref. 6, pp. 29, 44; 33, pp. 1-37]. Water quality studies by 

NYSDEC in 1994 and 1995 reportedly indicated high levels of PCBs in the NYSBC [Ref. 6, p. 96]. An investigation by 

NYSDEC in 1999 suggested multiple possible sources of the contamination in Eighteenmile Creek, including the 

NYSBC and the Gulf Creek (a tributary into Eighteenmile Creek near Lockport) [Ref. 6, pp. 87, 177]. An April 2005 

sediment sampling investigation indicated elevated levels of PCBs in the NYSBC downstream from the Eighteenmile 

Creek confluence [Ref. 6, p. 96]. CSOs in the City of Lockport discharge to the NYSBC and Eighteenmile Creek during 

periods of significant precipitation; six CSOs have the potential to discharge to Eighteenmile Creek, and seven others 

have the potential to discharge into the NYSBC [Ref. 8, pp. 19-20]. NYSDEC has investigated the New York State 

Electric and Gas Substation at South Transit Street and State Road in the City of Lockport as a possible source of 

contamination in the NYSBC [Ref. 7, p. 205]. 

Based on findings during recent investigations, NYSDEC has indicated that the NYSBC does not appear to be a 

significant current contributor of PCBs and metals to Eighteenmile Creek sediments [Ref. 7, pp. 19, 204; 8, pp. 56, 57]. 

Metal contaminant concentrations found in Eighteenmile Creek sediments are generally higher than those found in the 

NYSBC, indicating that there is one or more sources located downstream of the canal [Ref. 8, p. 50; 33, pp. 1-37]. The 

NYSDEC found low levels of suspended solids in barge water entering Eighteenmile Creek, indicating that solids 

transported from the NYSBC into Eighteenmile Creek are mostly in the dissolved phase [Ref. 8, pp. 52-53]. 

Furthermore, NYSDEC concluded that the conditions (primarily evaporation and changes in pH) necessary for suspended 

solids to precipitate or adsorb to sediment in the Eighteenmile Creek Corridor do not exist [Ref. 8, p. 53]. 

39 
SWOF-Observed Release 

Hazardous Substances Released: 

PCBs [Aroclor-1242, Aroclor-1248, Aroclor-1254, and Aroclor-1260] 

Copper 

Lead 

Zinc 

Benzo(a)pyrene 

[Tables 1 and 2] 

=================================================================================== 

Observed Release Factor Value: 550 

40 
SWOF/Food Chain-Waste Characteristics 

4.1.3.2 Human Food Chain Threat - Waste Characteristics 

4.1.3.2.1 Toxicity/Persistence/Bioaccumulation 

Hazardous Substance 

Toxicity 

Factor 

Value 

River 

Persistence 

Factor Value 

Food Chain 

Bioaccumulation 

Factor Value* 

Toxicity/Persistence/ 

Bioaccumulation Factor 

Value (Table 4-16) 

Ref. 2 

Page 

PCBs [Aroclor-1242, 

Aroclor-1248, Aroclor1254, and Aroclor-1260] 

10,000 1 50,000 5 x 108

 BI-10 

Copper 0 1 500 0 BI-3 

Lead 10,000 1 5 5 x 104

 BI-8 

Zinc 10 1 5 50 BI-12 

Benzo(a)pyrene 10,000 1 50,000 5 x 108

 BI-2 

* Fresh water value. 

PCBs and benzo(a)pyrene are the hazardous substances associated with the highest toxicity/persistence/bioaccumulation 

factor value with a quantity of 5 x 108

. PCBs were manufactured as a mixture of various PCB congeners through a 

chlorination process aimed at achieving a certain percentage of chlorine [Ref. 39, p. 1]. Mixtures with higher 

percentages of chlorine contain higher proportions of the more heavily chlorinated congeners; however, all congeners are 

expected to be present at some level in all mixtures [Ref. 39, p. 1]. 

41 
SWOF/Food Chain-Waste Characteristics 

4.1.3.2.2 Hazardous Waste Quantity 

Source Number 

Source Hazardous 

Waste Quantity 

Value (HRS Section 2.4.2.1.5) 

Is source hazardous 

constituent quantity 

data complete? (yes/no) 

1 >0 no 

Sum of Values: 1 (rounded to 1 as specified in HRS Section 2.4.2.2) 

The sum corresponds to a hazardous waste quantity factor value of 1 in Table 2-6 of the HRS [Ref. 1, p. 51591]. 

However, the HRS states that if any target is subject to Level I or Level II concentrations, assign either the value from 

Table 2-6 or a value of 100, whichever is greater, as the hazardous waste quantity factor value for that pathway [Ref. 1, 

p. 51592]. Therefore, a hazardous waste quantity factor value of 100 is assigned for the surface water pathway [Ref. 1, p. 

51591-51592]. 

4.1.3.2.3 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 

Hazardous substances [PCBs and benzo(a)pyrene] associated with the waste source, which has a surface water pathway 

containment factor greater than 0 for the watershed, corresponds to a Toxicity/Persistence Factor Value of 10,000 and 

Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 50,000, as shown previously [Ref. 1, pp. 51618, 51620; 2, pp. BI-2, BI-10]. 

(Toxicity/Persistence Factor Value) x (Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value) = 10,000 x 100 = 1 x 106 

(Toxicity/Persistence Factor Value x Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value) 

x (Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value) = (1 x 106

) x (50,000) = 5 x 1010 

The product corresponds to a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 320 in Table 2-7 of the HRS [Ref. 1, p. 

51592]. 

===================================================================================

 Toxicity/Persistence/Bioaccumulation Factor Value: 5 x 108 

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value: 100 

Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value: 320 

42 
 

 

 

 

 

SWOF/Food Chain-Targets/Food Chain Individual 

4.1.3.3 Human Food Chain Threat - Targets 

Eighteenmile Creek at Ide Road in the Town of Newfane (i.e., within the documented zone of contamination) is fished 

for human consumption [Ref. 28, p. 11; 35, p. 1]. Therefore, Actual Contamination is documented, and the target fishery 

is evaluated for Actual Human Food Chain Contamination. There are no media-specific benchmarks for sediment, so the 

target fishery is subject to Level II concentrations [Ref. 1, pp. 51592-51593, 51620-51621; 36, pp. 5, 29]. Fisherman’s 

Park just downstream of Burt Dam is a major fishery where several species of fish, including steelhead trout, salmon, 

walleye, perch and northern pike are caught for consumption [Ref. 23, p. 1]. This target fishery is subject to potential 

contamination [Ref. 1, pp. 51592-51593, 51620-51621; 23, p. 1]. 

Sediment Samples for Observed Release 

Note: The sediment sample showing the maximum PCB concentration is used to demonstrate the observed release. 

Bioaccumulation 

Sample ID

 Distance 

 from PPE*

Hazardous 

Substance 

Potential 

 Factor Value Reference(s) 

18MC-L03W-S01-Z1 0 feet PCBs [Aroclor-1248] 50,000 Figure 2A; Table 2; Ref. 1, 

pp. 51605, 51620; 2, p. BI10 

*The target distance limit is measured from the farthest upstream sediment sample that meets the criteria for an observed 

release [Ref. 1, p. 51605]. 

4.1.3.3.1 Food Chain Individual 

Sample ID: R-2-001-V-Z3 

Hazardous Substance: PCBs 

Bioaccumulation Potential: 50,000 

References: Figure 2E; Ref. 1, p. 51620; 2, p. BI-10; 9, p. 89; 13, p. 16, 20 

Type of Dilution 

Identity of Fishery Surface Water Body Weight Reference(s) 

Ide Road Fishery Moderate to large stream 0.01 1, p. 51613; 12, p. 1 

 (fresh water) 

There is an observed release of hazardous substances, including PCBs and benzo(a)pyrene, with Bioaccumulation 

Potential Factor Values of 500 or greater, and there is Level II Actual Contamination of the Ide Road fishery located in 

the Town of Newfane [Ref. 1, pp. 51592-51593, 51620; 2, pp. BI-2, BI-10; 28, p. 11; 35, p. 1]. Therefore, a Food Chain 

Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [Ref. 1, p. 51620]. 

=================================================================================== 

Food Chain Individual Factor Value: 45 

43 
 

 

 

SWOF/Food Chain-Level I/Level II Concentrations/Potential Contamination 

4.1.3.3.2 Population 

4.1.3.3.2.1 Level I Concentrations 

There are no media-specific benchmarks for sediment. Therefore, there are no fisheries subject to Level I concentrations 

and the Level I Concentrations Factor Value is 0 [Ref. 1, pp. 51592-51593, 51620-51621]. 

=================================================================================== 

Level I Concentrations Factor Value: 0 

4.1.3.3.2.2 Level II Concentrations 

People fish for consumption from the Ide Road fishery located at Ide Road in Newfane, New York [Ref. 28, p. 11; 35, p. 

1]. The fish consumption rate for the fishery is not documented, so the fishery is assigned to the category “Greater than 0 

to 100 pounds per year” [Ref. 1, p. 51621; 35, p. 1; 36, pp. 5, 29]. The category corresponds to the assigned Human 

Food Chain Population Value of 0.03 in Table 4-18 of the HRS, which is assigned as the Level II Concentrations Factor 

Value [Ref. 1, p. 51621]. 

=================================================================================== 

Level II Concentrations Factor Value: 0.03 

4.1.3.3.2.3 Potential Human Food Chain Contamination 

People catch fish for consumption from Fisherman’s Park just downstream of the zone of contamination [Ref. 23, p. 1]. 

The fish consumption rate for the downstream fishery documented to be over 1,000 pounds per year, so the fishery is 

assigned to the category “Greater than 1,000 to 10,000 pounds per year” , which corresponds to the assigned Human 

Food Chain Population Value of 3 in Table 4-18 of the HRS [Ref. 1, p. 51621]. 

Annual 

Type of 

Surface 

Average 

Annual 

Identity of 

Fishery 

Production 

(pounds) 

Water 

Body 

Flow 

(cfs) 

Population 

 Value (Pi) 

Dilution 

 Weight (Di) Pi x Di 

Burt Dam/ 

Fisherman’s Park 1,000-10,000 

Moderate 

to large stream 100-1,000 3 0.01 0.03 

Sum of Pi x Di: 0.03 

(Sum of Pi x Di)/10: 0.003 

[Figures 1, 2; Ref. 12, p. 1; 23, p. 1] 

=================================================================================== 

Potential Human Food Chain Contamination Factor Value: 0.003 

44 
 SWOF/Environment-Waste Characteristics 

4.1.4.2 Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics 

4.1.4.2.1 Ecosystem Toxicity/Persistence/Bioaccumulation 

Hazardous Substance 

Ecotoxicity 

Factor 

Value* 

River 

Persistence 

Factor Value 

Environment 

Bioaccumulation 

Factor Value* 

Ecotoxicity/Persistence/ 

Bioaccumulation Factor 

Value (Table 4-21)* 

Ref. 2 

Page 

PCBs [Aroclor-1242, 

Aroclor-1248, Aroclor1254, and Aroclor-1260] 

10,000 1 50,000 5 x 108

 BI-10 

Copper 1,000 1 5,000 5 x 106

 BI-3 

Lead 1,000 1 50,000 5 x 107

 BI-8 

Zinc 10 1 50,000 5 x 105

 BI-12 

Benzo(a)pyrene 10,000 1 50,000 5 x 108

 BI-2 

* Fresh water values 

PCBs and benzo(a)pyrene are the hazardous substances associated with the highest ecotoxicity/persistence/ 

bioaccumulation factor value with a quantity of 5 x 108

. PCBs were manufactured as a mixture of various PCB 

congeners through a chlorination process aimed at achieving a certain percentage of chlorine [Ref. 39, p. 1]. Mixtures 

with higher percentages of chlorine contain higher proportions of the more heavily chlorinated congeners; however, all 

congeners are expected to be present at some level in all mixtures [Ref. 39, p. 1]. 

===================================================================================== 

=

 Ecosystem Toxicity/Persistence/Bioaccumulation Factor Value: 5 x 108 

45 
 SWOF/Environment-Waste Characteristics 

4.1.4.2.2 Hazardous Waste Quantity 

Source Number 

Source Hazardous 

Waste Quantity 

Value (HRS Section 2.4.2.1.5) 

Is source hazardous 

constituent quantity 

data complete? (yes/no) 

1 >0 no 

Sum of Values: 1 (rounded to 1 as specified in HRS Section 2.4.2.2) 

The sum corresponds to a hazardous waste quantity factor value of 1 in Table 2-6 of the HRS [Ref. 1, p. 51591]. 

However, the HRS states that if any target is subject to Level I or Level II concentrations, assign either the value from 

Table 2-6 or a value of 100, whichever is greater, as the hazardous waste quantity factor value for that pathway [Ref. 1, 

p. 51592]. Therefore, a hazardous waste quantity factor value of 100 is assigned for the surface water pathway [Ref. 1, p. 

51591-51592]. 

4.1.4.2.3 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 

Hazardous substances [PCBs and benzo(a)pyrene] associated with the waste source, which has a surface water pathway 

containment factor greater than 0 for the watershed, corresponds to an Ecotoxicity/Persistence Factor Value of 10,000 

and Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 50,000, as shown previously [Ref. 1, pp. 51618, 51620; 2, pp. BI-2, BI10]. 

 (Ecotoxicity/Persistence Factor Value) x (Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value) = 10,000 x 100 = 1 x 106 

(Ecotoxicity/Persistence Factor Value x Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value) 

x (Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value) = (1 x 106

) x (50,000) = 5 x 1010 

The product corresponds to a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 320 in Table 2-7 of the HRS [Ref. 1, p. 

51592]. 

===================================================================================== 

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value: 100 

Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value: 320 

46 
 

SWOF/Environment-Targets 

4.1.4.3 Environmental Threat - Targets 

There are several HRS-eligible wetlands along the contaminated portion of Eighteenmile Creek [Ref. 1, p. 51625; 7, p. 

228; 32, pp. 1-3]. Therefore, Actual Contamination is documented, and the target sensitive environment (i.e., wetland 

frontage) is evaluated for Actual Contamination [Ref. 1, p. 51625]. There are no media-specific benchmarks for 

sediment, so the target sensitive environment is subject to Level II concentrations [Ref. 1, pp. 51592-51593, 51624­

51625]. 

Sediment Samples for Observed Release 

Note: The sample that showed the maximum PCB concentration is listed. 

Bioaccumulation 

Sample ID

 Distance 

 from PPE

Hazardous 

Substance 

Potential 

 Factor Value Reference(s) 

18MC-L14E-S02-Z1 2125 feet PCBs [Aroclor-1248] 50,000 Figure 2A; Table 1; Ref. 1, 

pp. 51613, 51625; 2, p. BI10; 7, p. 126 

The maximum factor value of 50,000 applies to PCBs [Ref. 2, p. BI-10]. 

47 
 

SWOF/Environment-Level I/Level II Concentrations 

4.1.4.3.1 Sensitive Environments 

4.1.4.3.1.1 Level I Concentrations 

There are no media-specific benchmarks for sediment. Therefore, there are no sensitive environments subject to Level I 

concentrations and the Level I Concentrations Factor Value is 0 [Ref. 1, pp. 51592-51593, 51624-51625]. 

================================================================================== 

Level I Concentrations Factor Value: 0 

4.1.4.3.1.2 Level II Concentrations 

Sensitive Environments 

The zone of contamination within Eighteenmile Creek is not known to contain any sensitive environments (e.g., 

endangered species habitats) other than wetlands [Ref. 1, pp. 51624-51625; 6, pp. 146; 7, pp. 66, 221-222, 228; 32, p. 3]. 

Sensitive Environment

Distance from PPE 

to Sensitive 

 Environment Reference 

Sensitive 

Environment 

Value(s) 

None N/A 1, pp. 51624-51625 0 

 Sum of Sensitive Environments Value: 0 

Wetlands 

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference(s) 

HRS-Eligible Wetlands 3.33 miles (estimate) 1, p. 51625; 32, pp. 1-3 

Total Wetland Frontage: 3.33 mile 

Wetland Value: 100 

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value: 100 

==================================================================================== 

Level II Concentrations Factor Value: 100 

48 
 SWOF/Environment-Potential Contamination 

4.1.4.3.1.3 Potential Contamination 

Since a maximum score of 100.00 was achieved for the surface water migration pathway, the Potential Contamination 

Factor Value was not scored (NS). However, there are downstream targets subject to Potential Contamination. The 

reach of Eighteenmile Creek between Burt Dam and the Route 18 bridge in Olcott, New York, near Lake Ontario (i.e., 

downstream of the zone of contamination) is classified as a significant coastal fish and wildlife habitat [Ref. 4, p. 2; 37, 

p. 1]. Fisherman’s Park, located within Eighteenmile Creek just downstream of Burt Dam, is a major recreational fishing 

destination where species of fish including steelhead trout, salmon, walleye, perch, and northern pike are caught and 

consumed [Figure 1; Figure 2E; Ref. 23, p. 1; 36, pp. 5, 29]. 

================================================================================== 

Potential Contamination Factor Value: NS 

49