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OAR Box 1672 

Prepped by Charmelle Mathews 

Document Number: 

4) ll-A-3 

Docket Number: 

A-98-13 

Printed 9/30/2008 11:01:00 AM Sheet 4 of 132 
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v>EPA 

United States 

Environmental Protection 

Agency 

Office of Air Quality 

Planning and Standards 

Research Triangle Park NC 27711 

EPA-450/3-81-003a 

July 1984 

Air 

VOC Emissions 

from Volatile 

Organic Liquid 

Storage Tanks — 

Background 

Information 

for Proposed 

Standards 

Draft 

EIS 

A-98-/3 

1L-A-3 

1 

I 

— i 

tl. ...J 
P.3 

EPA-450/3-81-003a 

VOC Emissions from Volatile Organic Liquid 

Storage Tanks — 

Background Information 

for Proposed Standards 

Emission Standards and Engineering Division 

U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

Office of Air and Radiation 

Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards 

Research Triangle Park. NC 27711 

July 1984 

2. 
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insurance. The total annualized cost, excluding product recovery credits, 

attributable to each regulatory alternative is estimated by adding 

operating costs to the annualized capital cost. The total annualized 

cost, including product recovery credits, is estimated by subtracting 

the value of the recovered product from the annualized costs. Cost 

effectiveness is the total annualized cost divided by the emission 

reductions obtained by applying each regulatory alternative. 

8.1 CAPITAL COSTS 

The capital costs for the regulatory alternatives are based on cost 

1 2 3 estimates obtained from industry vendors and EPA reports. ' ' Vendors 

were contacted and asked to provide estimates of the costs to construct 

fixed roof tanks, external floating roof tanks, and secondary seals, as 

well as the cost to install internal floating roofs in fixed roof tanks. 

(See Tables 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, and 8-4.) Internal floating roof cost data 

are based on a fourth-quarter 1982 survey of equipment manufacturer's 

prices. Other cost estimates are based on data collected in a similar 

manner in late 1979 and early 1980. These estimates have been scaled 

4 

based on Chemical Engineering general cost indexes to reflect secondquarter 1982 dollar estimates. All capital costs are at least equivalent 

to study estimates (+30 percent accuracy). 

The capital cost of an internal floating roof depends mainly upon 

the liquid surface area. Therefore, the capital costs for these devices 

are given only as a function of the tank diameter, which is directly 

related to surface area. The cost of a fixed roof tank, however, is a 

function of the volume capacity of the tank*. Tank and roof costs 

An estimating technique has been developed to relate tank volume to tank 

height and diameter and thereby aid the comparison of fixed roof tank costs 

to floating roof costs. The formula is based on the fact that tank heights 

generally increase in about 2.62 meter (8 foot) increments (due to the 

width of sheet steel) and that for other than small tanks, the height to 

diameter ratio rarely exceeds unity in industry practice. The formula, 

which has been used in the development of the capital cost tables, 

is as follows: 

Tank capacity (V) 

in cubic meters 

0-45 

46-91 

92-307 

308-1,136 

1,137-11,590 

>11,590 

Tank height (H) 

in meters 

2.62 

5.25 

7.87 

10.5 

13.1 

15.7 

Tank diameter (D) 

in meters 

° • $>H 

I 

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