COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA 

Present: Judges McCullough, Decker and Senior Judge Felton 

GRETCHEN McDORMAN BURKETT 

 

v. Record No. 0360-15-3 

 

HARRISONBURG ROCKINGHAM 

 SOCIAL SERVICES DISTRICT MEMORANDUM OPINION*

 PER CURIAM 

GRETCHEN McDORMAN BURKETT JULY 28, 2015 

 

v. Record No. 0361-15-3 

 

HARRISONBURG ROCKINGHAM 

 SOCIAL SERVICES DISTRICT 

 FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY 

Thomas J. Wilson, IV, Judge 

 (Lynn C. Svonavec, on brief), for appellant. Appellant submitting 

on brief. 

 (Kim Van Horn Gutterman, Assistant County Attorney; Sherwin 

John Jacobs, Guardian ad litem for the minor children, on brief), for 

appellee. Appellee and Guardian ad litem submitting on brief. 

 Gretchen McDorman Burkett (mother) appeals the orders terminating her parental rights to 

her children, C.B. and S.B. Mother argues that the trial court erred in finding that (1) the 

Harrisonburg Rockingham Social Services District (the Department) proved by clear and 

convincing evidence that termination of mother’s parental rights was appropriate and in the 

children’s best interests because “there was insufficient evidence to show that the mother had 

willingly lost contact with her children for more than six months;” and (2) “mother’s conduct was 

so egregious as to warrant the termination of her parental rights when there was insufficient 

 *

 Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication. 

UNPUBLISHED 
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evidence to show that the children were endangered while they were in her care.” Upon reviewing 

the record and briefs of the parties, we conclude that the trial court did not err. Accordingly, we 

affirm the decisions of the trial court. 

 On February 6, 2015, the circuit court heard this matter. Mother did not appear for the 

hearing; however, her counsel was present. The Department proffered its evidence and submitted 

several exhibits into evidence. Mother’s counsel did not object to the proffer or the exhibits, nor did 

she offer any evidence or make any motions. Then, the guardian ad litem gave his 

recommendation. Based on the proffer and the exhibits presented, the trial court found that there 

was sufficient evidence to terminate mother’s parental rights to C.B. and S.B. pursuant to Code 

§ 16.1-283(C)(1) and that the termination was in the children’s best interests. Mother’s counsel 

endorsed the order. Mother did not file any post-trial objections, but she did file a notice of appeal. 

 On appeal, mother contends she was “never out of touch with [the Department] for more 

than five months at a time,” so the evidence was insufficient to terminate her parental rights 

pursuant to Code § 16.1-283(C)(1).1

 Furthermore, she argues that the Department did not prove that 

the termination of parental rights was in the children’s best interests. 

 Mother acknowledges that she did not object to the Department’s proffered evidence at trial 

and raises her arguments for the first time on appeal. Rule 5A:18 states, “No ruling of the trial 

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 Code § 16.1-283(C)(1) states a parent’s parental rights may be terminated if: 

[t]he parent or parents have, without good cause, failed to maintain 

continuing contact with and to provide or substantially plan for the 

future of the child for a period of six months after the child’s 

placement in foster care notwithstanding the reasonable and 

appropriate efforts of social, medical, mental health or other 

rehabilitative agencies to communicate with the parent or parents 

and to strengthen the parent-child relationship. Proof that the 

parent or parents have failed without good cause to communicate 

on a continuing and planned basis with the child for a period of six 

months shall constitute prima facie evidence of this condition. 
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court . . . will be considered as a basis for reversal unless an objection was stated with reasonable 

certainty at the time of the ruling, except for good cause shown or to enable the Court of Appeals 

to attain the ends of justice.” This Court “will not consider an argument on appeal which was not 

presented to the trial court.” Ohree v. Commonwealth, 26 Va. App. 299, 308, 494 S.E.2d 484, 

488 (1998). 

 Mother asks this Court to consider her arguments based on the ends of justice exception to 

Rule 5A:18 because the termination of parental rights is a “serious, traumatic, and permanent loss.” 

The Supreme Court of Virginia previously has stated, “The termination of parental rights is a grave, 

drastic, and irreversible action. When a court orders termination of parental rights, the ties between 

the parent and child are severed forever, and the parent becomes ‘a legal stranger to the child.’” 

Lowe v. Dep’t of Pub. Welfare of City of Richmond, 231 Va. 277, 280, 343 S.E.2d 70, 72 (1986) 

(quoting Shank v. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 217 Va. 506, 509, 230 S.E.2d 454, 457 (1976)). 

 However, “[i]n order to avail oneself of the [ends of justice] exception, a defendant must 

affirmatively show that a miscarriage of justice has occurred, not that a miscarriage might have 

occurred.” Redman v. Commonwealth, 25 Va. App. 215, 221, 487 S.E.2d 269, 272 (1997) 

(emphasis added). 

 As our Supreme Court has stated, application of the ends of 

justice exception “requires a determination not only that there was 

error . . . but also that application of the exception is necessary to 

avoid a grave injustice.” Charles v. Commonwealth, 270 Va. 14, 

20, 613 S.E.2d 432, 434 (2005). This occurs only in “rare 

instances.” Ball v. Commonwealth, 221 Va. 754, 758, 273 S.E.2d 

790, 793 (1981). 

Lacey v. Commonwealth, 54 Va. App. 32, 46, 675 S.E.2d 846, 853 (2009). 

 Mother had the opportunity to present evidence and argument at trial, but did not do so. The 

evidence proved that the children came into the Department’s custody on September 6, 2013. 

Mother had supervised visitation with the children until she left in December 2013. As of the trial 
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date in February 2015, mother had had no contact with her children since she left in December 

2013. The Department did not know mother’s whereabouts from January through December 2014, 

except that she was supposedly in Florida. 

 The ends of justice exception does not apply in these matters. A “miscarriage of justice” has 

not occurred. Redman, 25 Va. App. at 221, 487 S.E.2d at 272. The evidence was sufficient to 

terminate mother’s parental rights pursuant to Code § 16.1-283(C)(1). 

 For the foregoing reasons, the trial court’s rulings are affirmed. 

Affirmed.