I 

117TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 1228 

To advance a diplomatic solution to the conflict in Libya and support the 

people of Libya. 

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 

FEBRUARY 23, 2021 

Mr. DEUTCH (for himself, Mr. WILSON of South Carolina, Mr. LIEU, and Mr. 

MALINOWSKI) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 

Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on the 

Judiciary, and Financial Services, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions 

as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned 

A BILL 

To advance a diplomatic solution to the conflict in Libya 

and support the people of Libya. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

5 ‘‘Libya Stabilization Act’’. 

6 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

7 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Findings; statement of policy. 


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TITLE I—IDENTIFYING CHALLENGES TO STABILITY IN LIBYA 

Sec. 101. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors in 

Libya. 

Sec. 102. Report of Russian activities and objectives in Libya. 

Sec. 103. Determination of sanctionable activities of the Libyan National Army 

with respect to Syria. 

TITLE II—ACTIONS TO ADDRESS FOREIGN INTERVENTION IN 

LIBYA 

Sec. 201. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons leading, directing, or supporting certain foreign government involvement in Libya. 

Sec. 202. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons threatening the peace or 

stability of Libya. 

Sec. 203. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons who are responsible for or 

complicit in gross violations of internationally recognized 

human rights committed in Libya. 

Sec. 204. Sanctions described. 

Sec. 205. Waiver. 

Sec. 206. Implementation and regulatory authority. 

Sec. 207. Exception relating to importation of goods. 

Sec. 208. Definitions. 

Sec. 209. Suspension of sanctions. 

Sec. 210. Sunset. 

TITLE III—ASSISTANCE FOR LIBYA 

Sec. 301. Humanitarian relief for the people of Libya and international refugees and migrants in Libya. 

Sec. 302. Support for democratic governance, elections, and civil society. 

Sec. 303. Engaging international financial institutions to advance Libyan economic recovery and improve public sector financial management. 

Sec. 304. Recovering assets stolen from the Libyan people. 

1 SEC. 2. FINDINGS; STATEMENT OF POLICY. 

2 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find3 ings: 

4 (1) The stability and territorial unity of Libya 

5 is critical to the security of the United States, Eu6 rope, North Africa, and the Sahel, as well as mari7 time routes in the southern Mediterranean Sea. 

8 (2) United States Africa Command 

9 (AFRICOM) has identified containing instability in 

10 Libya as one of its six main lines of effort in Africa 


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1 and works to support diplomatic efforts to reconsti2 tute the Libyan State and to disrupt terrorist orga3 nizations that impede that process or threaten 

4 United States interests. 

5 (3) According to the Defense Intelligence Agen6 cy, the Islamic State in Libya (ISIS-Libya) is ‘‘de7 graded’’. However, AFRICOM continues to ‘‘keep 

8 pressure on ISIS and other violent extremist organi9 zations as they seek to take advantage of the secu10 rity vacuum created by the civil war in Libya’’. 

11 (4) On April 4, 2019, Khalifa Haftar, the com12 mander of the Libyan National Army (LNA) or13 dered forces loyal to him to begin a unilateral mili14 tary operation to take control of Tripoli, the capital 

15 of Libya and seat of the Government of National Ac16 cord (GNA), an interim body that emerged from 

17 previous United Nations-backed negotiations which 

18 the United States Government and the United Na19 tions Security Council have recognized since 2015. 

20 (5) During the fighting, both the LNA, the 

21 GNA, and their associated forces failed to observe 

22 their obligations under international humanitarian 

23 law, increased the geographic scope of the conflict in 

24 Libya, recruited foreign mercenaries, and intensified 

25 ground and air campaigns using heavy weapons, airVerDate Sep 11 2014 20:13 Mar 20, 2021 Jkt 019200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1228.IH H1228

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1 craft, and reportedly using armed drones provided 

2 by foreign powers. 

3 (6) According to the United Nations, since the 

4 LNA offensive began in April 2019, the conflict in 

5 Libya has led to the deaths of more than 500 civil6 ians and the displacement of more than 200,000 

7 people. 

8 (7) Parties to the conflict in Libya have killed 

9 civilians, committed torture and abuse, committed 

10 mass extrajudicial killings, requisitioned the houses 

11 of civilians, targeted medical facilities, and blocked 

12 humanitarian access to food, health, and other life13 saving services, worsening humanitarian conditions. 

14 (8) According to the United Nations, as of No15 vember 2020, more than 574,000 migrants and refu16 gees remained in Libya and the ‘‘continued arbitrary 

17 detention of migrants and refugees in formal deten18 tion centers and at informal smuggler sites remains 

19 a critical concern in Libya’’. Migrants and refugees, 

20 including women and children, are routinely sub21 jected to discrimination, arrest, arbitrary detention, 

22 torture and other human rights violations and 

23 abuses. The United Nations has called for the imme24 diate release, evacuation, and protection of refugees 

25 and migrants detained in conflict zones. 


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1 (9) In November 2019, the GNA and the Gov2 ernment of Turkey signed a Memorandum of Under3 standing on maritime boundaries in the Mediterra4 nean Sea. 

5 (10) A November 2020 Department of Defense 

6 Inspector General report estimated there are ap7 proximately 2,000 mercenary forces affiliated with 

8 the Wagner Group, a Russian private military com9 pany, as well as approximately 2,000 Russian10 backed Syrian fighters, advanced equipment, and ad11 vanced capabilities supporting the LNA and Russian 

12 objectives in North Africa. 

13 (11) The most recent AFRICOM posture state14 ment claims, ‘‘Russia continues to harvest benefits 

15 from the instability in Libya—its military meddling 

16 has prolonged the conflict and exacerbated casualties 

17 and humanitarian suffering.’’. 

18 (12) The Department of Defense Inspector 

19 General reported that, ‘‘Turkey has hundreds of reg20 ular military personnel deployed to Libya in order to 

21 train GNA-aligned militias and to operate Turkish 

22 military equipment’’ and sent thousands of Syrian 

23 mercenaries to Libya in support of the GNA. 

24 (13) On January 19, 2020, at a peace con25 ference in Berlin, representatives of the GovernVerDate Sep 11 2014 20:13 Mar 20, 2021 Jkt 019200 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1228.IH H1228

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1 ments of Algeria, China, Egypt, France, Germany, 

2 Italy, Russia, Turkey, the Republic of Congo, the 

3 United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and 

4 the United States, as well as regional and multilat5 eral organizations, agreed to refrain from inter6 ference in Libya’s internal affairs, abide by the 

7 United Nations arms embargo, and advance a 55- 

8 point communique to resolve the conflict in Libya. 

9 (14) On February 13, 2020, the United Na10 tions Security Council adopted Resolution 2510, 

11 which endorses the Conclusions of the International 

12 Conference on Libya held in Berlin, affirms the need 

13 for a lasting ceasefire, demands full compliance by 

14 all member states with the United Nations arms em15 bargo, and expresses unequivocal support for the 

16 United Nations Special Representative and the ongo17 ing United Nations Support Mission in Libya 

18 (UNSMIL)-facilitated intra-Libyan dialogue. 

19 (15) On October 23, 2020, the warring parties 

20 in Libya agreed a ceasefire, which called for the 

21 withdrawal of all armed forces from conflict lines 

22 and the departure of all mercenaries and foreign 

23 fighters within three months, and was hailed by 

24 United Nations Secretary General Anto ́nio Guterres 


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1 as ‘‘a fundamental step toward peace and stability 

2 in Libya’’. 

3 (16) At a November 2020 meeting of the Liby4 an Political Dialogue Forum, under the auspices of 

5 UNSMIL, participants agreed on a roadmap to 

6 credible, inclusive, and democratic national elections 

7 to be held in December 2021. 

8 (17) On December 2, 2020, United Nations 

9 Acting Special Representative Stephanie Williams 

10 asserted that, despite repeated international agree11 ments, 20,000 foreign fighters remain in Libya 

12 which represents ‘‘a serious crisis’’ and ‘‘a shocking 

13 violation of Libyan sovereignty’’. 

14 (18) On December 29, 2020, United Nations 

15 Secretary General Guterres recommended that inter16 national monitors deploy to Libya under United Na17 tions auspices to observe the October 2020 ceasefire, 

18 warned that military activities by forces supporting 

19 the warring parties and military cargo flights contin20 ued to impede the ceasefire, and urged implementa21 tion of the United Nations arms embargo. 

22 (19) On January 21, 2021, the United States 

23 joined the Governments of France, Germany, Italy, 

24 and the United Kingdom to remind all Berlin Con25 ference participants of the need to ‘‘continue to supVerDate Sep 11 2014 20:13 Mar 20, 2021 Jkt 019200 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1228.IH H1228

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1 port a ceasefire, restore full respect for the UN arms 

2 embargo, and end the toxic foreign interference that 

3 undermines the aspirations of all Libyans to reestab4 lish their sovereignty and choose their future peace5 fully through national elections’’. 

6 (20) On February 5, 2021, the Libyan Political 

7 Dialogue Forum voted to select a new unified execu8 tive authority charged with leading the country until 

9 elections on December 21, 2021, an important mile10 stone in the Libyan political process. 

11 (21) On February 5, 2021, the United States 

12 and the Governments of France, Germany, Italy, 

13 and the United Kingdom jointly called ‘‘on all cur14 rent Libyan authorities and actors to ensure a 

15 smooth and constructive handover of all competences 

16 and duties to the new unified executive authority’’. 

17 (b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 

18 United States— 

19 (1) to advance a peaceful resolution to the con20 flict in Libya through a United Nations-facilitated 

21 Libyan-led and Libyan-owned political process as the 

22 best way to secure United States interests and to 

23 ensure the sovereignty, independence, territorial in24 tegrity, and national unity of Libya; 


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1 (2) to support the implementation of United 

2 Nations Security Council Resolutions 1970 (2011) 

3 and 1973 (2011), which established an arms embar4 go on Libya, and subsequent resolutions modifying 

5 and extending the embargo; 

6 (3) to enforce Executive Order 13726 (81 Fed. 

7 Reg. 23559; relating to blocking property and sus8 pending entry into the United States of persons con9 tributing to the situation in Libya (April 19, 2016)), 

10 designed to target individuals or entities who 

11 ‘‘threaten the peace, security, and stability of 

12 Libya’’; 

13 (4) to oppose attacks on civilians, medical work14 ers, and critical infrastructure, including water sup15 plies, in Libya, and to support accountability for 

16 those engaged in such heinous actions; 

17 (5) to support Libya’s sovereignty, independ18 ence, territorial integrity, and national unity con19 sistent with United Nations Security Council Resolu20 tion 2510 (2020) and all predecessor resolutions 

21 with respect to Libya, including by— 

22 (A) taking action to end the violence and 

23 flow of arms; 

24 (B) rejecting attempts by any party to il25 licitly export Libya’s oil; and 


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1 (C) urging the withdrawal of foreign mili2 tary and mercenary forces; 

3 (6) to leverage diplomatic relations to convince 

4 the parties to the conflict in Libya to maintain the 

5 current ceasefire and persuade foreign powers to 

6 stop providing personnel, including mercenaries, 

7 weapons, and financing that threaten to reignite the 

8 conflict; 

9 (7) to support the Libyan Political Dialogue 

10 and advance the inclusive Libyan-led and Libyan11 owned political process under the auspices of 

12 UNSMIL; 

13 (8) to support a negotiated and peaceful polit14 ical solution that includes a single, unified, inclusive, 

15 and effective Libyan Government approved by the 

16 Libyan House of Representatives, the end of a tran17 sitional period achieved through free, fair, inclusive, 

18 and credible elections, a fair and transparent alloca19 tion of resources, interim security arrangements, 

20 and a process for the reunification of Libyan govern21 ment ministries and Libyan sovereign institutions, 

22 including the Central Bank of Libya, the National 

23 Oil Corporation, and the Libyan Investment Author24 ity; 


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1 (9) to support constant, unimpeded, and reli2 able humanitarian access to those in need and to 

3 hold accountable those who impede or threaten the 

4 delivery of humanitarian assistance; 

5 (10) to advocate for the immediate release and 

6 safe evacuations of detained refugees and migrants 

7 trapped by the fighting in Libya; 

8 (11) to encourage implementation of 

9 UNSMIL’s plan for the organized and gradual clo10 sure of migrant detention centers in Libya; 

11 (12) to support greater defense institutional ca12 pacity building after a comprehensive political settle13 ment; 

14 (13) to support current and future democratic 

15 and economic development; and 

16 (14) to discourage all parties from heightening 

17 tensions in the region, through unhelpful and pro18 vocative actions. 

19 TITLE I—IDENTIFYING CHAL20 LENGES TO STABILITY IN 

21 LIBYA 

22 SEC. 101. REPORT ON ACTIVITIES OF CERTAIN FOREIGN 

23 GOVERNMENTS AND ACTORS IN LIBYA. 

24 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 

25 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 


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1 in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, 

2 shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 

3 a report that includes— 

4 (1) a description of the full extent of involve5 ment in Libya by foreign governments, including the 

6 Governments of Russia, Turkey, the United Arab 

7 Emirates, Egypt, Sudan, Chad, China, Saudi Ara8 bia, and Qatar, including— 

9 (A) a description of which governments 

10 have been linked to drone and aircraft strikes 

11 since April 2019; 

12 (B) a list of the types and estimated 

13 amounts of equipment transferred by each gov14 ernment described in this paragraph to the par15 ties to the conflict, including foreign military 

16 contractors, mercenaries, or paramilitary forces 

17 operating in Libya; 

18 (C) an estimate of the financial support 

19 provided by each government described in this 

20 paragraph to the parties to the conflict, includ21 ing foreign military contractors, mercenaries, or 

22 paramilitary forces operating in Libya; and 

23 (D) an identification of any regular or ir24 regular forces, including mercenary groups and 

25 militias operating inside Libya, at the direction 


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1 or with the consent of the governments de2 scribed in this paragraph; 

3 (2) an analysis and determination of whether 

4 the actions by the governments described in para5 graph (1) violate the arms embargo with respect to 

6 Libya under United Nations Security Council Reso7 lution 2473 (2019) and other relevant Security 

8 Council resolutions; 

9 (3) a list of the specific offending materiel or fi10 nancial support transfers provided by a government 

11 described in paragraph (1) that— 

12 (A) violate the arms embargo with respect 

13 to Libya under United Nations Security Council 

14 Resolution 2473 (2019) and other relevant Se15 curity Council resolutions; 

16 (B) contribute to civilian death, harm, or 

17 other violations of international humanitarian 

18 law; or 

19 (C) involve weapons of United States ori20 gin or were in violation of United States end 

21 user agreements; 

22 (4) a description of the activities of each foreign 

23 armed group, including the Russian Wagner Group, 

24 Emirati personnel and Emirati-backed mercenaries, 

25 including from Syrian and Sudanese Darfurian 


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1 groups, Turkish military contractors and merce2 naries, affiliates of ISIS, al-Qaida in the Islamic 

3 Maghreb (AQIM), and Ansar al-Sharia, in Libya; 

4 (5) a description of European Union and North 

5 Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) efforts to en6 force the United Nations arms embargo and facili7 tate a ceasefire; 

8 (6) a description of any violations of the arms 

9 embargo by European Union member states; 

10 (7) a description of United States diplomatic 

11 engagement with the European Union and NATO 

12 regarding enforcement of the United Nations arms 

13 embargo; and 

14 (8) a description of European Union and Arab 

15 League states’ contributions to ceasefire monitoring, 

16 arms embargo enforcement, and election support 

17 and how the United States can partner with the Eu18 ropean Union and Arab League states with respect 

19 to such contributions. 

20 (b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 

21 shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain 

22 a classified annex. 

23 (c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE24 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres25 sional committees’’ means— 


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1 (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

2 Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 

3 House of Representatives; and 

4 (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

5 the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 

6 SEC. 102. REPORT OF RUSSIAN ACTIVITIES AND OBJEC7 TIVES IN LIBYA. 

8 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find9 ings: 

10 (1) General Stephen Townsend, Commander of 

11 United States Africa Command (AFRICOM), 

12 warned in January 2020 that in Libya, Russia seeks 

13 to ‘‘demonstrate itself as an alternative partner to 

14 the West’’ and seeks to position itself alongside the 

15 southern flank of the North Atlantic Treaty Organi16 zation (NATO). 

17 (2) AFRICOM has also stated that the Russian 

18 military presence in Libya threatens future United 

19 States military partnerships and counterterrorism 

20 cooperation by impeding United States access to 

21 Libya. 

22 (3) In May 2020, AFRICOM reported that the 

23 Government of Russia deployed 14 MiG-29 and Su24 24 aircraft to Libya to support Russian state-sponVerDate Sep 11 2014 20:13 Mar 20, 2021 Jkt 019200 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1228.IH H1228

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1 sored private military contractors, including the 

2 Wagner Group. 

3 (4) In January 2021, United States officials 

4 told the international press that mercenaries affili5 ated with the Wagner Group were constructing so6 phisticated defensive fortifications in central Libya. 

7 (b) REPORT.— 

8 (1) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the 

9 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 

10 State shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Af11 fairs of the House of Representatives and the Com12 mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report 

13 that contains an assessment of Russian activities 

14 and objectives in Libya, including— 

15 (A) the potential threat such activities pose 

16 to the United States, southern Europe, NATO, 

17 and partners in the Mediterranean Sea and 

18 North African region; 

19 (B) the direct role of Russia in Libyan fi20 nancial affairs, to include issuing and printing 

21 currency; 

22 (C) Russia’s use of mercenaries, military 

23 contractors, equipment, and paramilitary forces 

24 in Libya; and 


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1 (D) an assessment of sanctions and other 

2 policies adopted by United States partners and 

3 allies against the Wagner Group and its desta4 bilizing activities in Libya. 

5 (2) FORM.—The report required by paragraph 

6 (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 

7 contain a classified annex. 

8 SEC. 103. DETERMINATION OF SANCTIONABLE ACTIVITIES 

9 OF THE LIBYAN NATIONAL ARMY WITH RE10 SPECT TO SYRIA. 

11 Not later than 180 days after the date of the enact12 ment of this Act, the President shall submit to the Com13 mittee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives 

14 and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 

15 a list of members of the Libyan National Army (LNA), 

16 and details of their activities, that the President deter17 mines are knowingly responsible for sanctionable offenses 

18 pursuant to— 

19 (1) section 7412 of the Caesar Syria Civilian 

20 Protection Act of 2019 (22 U.S.C. 8791 note; 133 

21 Stat. 2292); or 

22 (2) Executive Order 13582 (76 Fed. Reg. 

23 52209; relating to blocking property of the Govern24 ment of Syria and prohibiting certain transactions 

25 with respect to Syria (August 17, 2011)). 


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1 TITLE II—ACTIONS TO ADDRESS 

2 FOREIGN INTERVENTION IN 

3 LIBYA 

4 SEC. 201. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PER5 SONS LEADING, DIRECTING, OR SUPPORTING 

6 CERTAIN FOREIGN GOVERNMENT INVOLVE7 MENT IN LIBYA. 

8 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

9 date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall im10 pose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with 

11 respect to each foreign person who the President deter12 mines knowingly engages in an activity described in sub13 section (b). 

14 (b) ACTIVITIES DESCRIBED.—A foreign person en15 gages in an activity described in this subsection if the per16 son leads, directs, or provides significant financial, mate17 rial, or technological support to, or knowingly engages in 

18 a significant transaction with, a non-Libyan foreign per19 son who is— 

20 (1) in Libya in a military or commercial capac21 ity as a military contractor, mercenary, or part of a 

22 paramilitary force; and 

23 (2) engaged in significant actions that threaten 

24 the peace, security, or stability of Libya. 


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1 SEC. 202. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PER2 SONS THREATENING THE PEACE OR STA3 BILITY OF LIBYA. 

4 (a) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—The President shall 

5 impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with 

6 respect to each foreign person on the list required by sub7 section (b). 

8 (b) LIST.—Not later than 180 days after the date 

9 of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit 

10 to the appropriate congressional committees a list of— 

11 (1) foreign persons, including senior govern12 ment officials, militia leaders, paramilitary leaders, 

13 and other persons who provide significant support to 

14 militia or paramilitary groups in Libya, that the 

15 President determines are knowingly— 

16 (A) engaged in significant actions or poli17 cies that threaten the peace, security, or sta18 bility of Libya, including any supply of arms or 

19 related materiel in violation of a United Nations 

20 Security Council resolution with respect to 

21 Libya; 

22 (B) engaged in significant actions or poli23 cies that obstruct, undermine, delay, or impede, 

24 or pose a significant risk of obstructing, under25 mining, delaying, or impeding the United Na26 tions-mediated political process that seeks a neVerDate Sep 11 2014 20:13 Mar 20, 2021 Jkt 019200 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1228.IH H1228

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1 gotiated and peaceful solution to the Libyan 

2 crisis; 

3 (C) engaged in significant actions that may 

4 lead to or result in the misappropriation of sig5 nificant state assets of Libya; 

6 (D) involved in, or has been involved in, 

7 the significant illicit exploitation of crude oil or 

8 any other natural resources in Libya, including 

9 the significant illicit production, refining, 

10 brokering, sale, purchase, or export of Libyan 

11 oil; 

12 (E) significantly threatening or coercing 

13 Libyan state financial institutions or the Liby14 an National Oil Company; or 

15 (F) significantly responsible for actions or 

16 policies that are intended to undermine efforts 

17 to promote stabilization and economic recovery 

18 in Libya; 

19 (2) foreign persons who the President deter20 mines are successor entities to persons referred to in 

21 subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1); 

22 and 

23 (3) foreign persons who the President deter24 mines— 


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1 (A) own or control, or are owned or con2 trolled by, a person referred to in any of sub3 paragraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1) 

4 or paragraph (2); and 

5 (B) have provided, or attempted to pro6 vide, significant financial, material, techno7 logical, or other support for, or goods or serv8 ices in support of, a person referred to in any 

9 of subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph 

10 (1) or paragraph (2) for purposes of engaging 

11 in any activity listed in such subparagraphs (A) 

12 through (F) of paragraph (1). 

13 (4) UPDATES OF LIST.—The President shall 

14 submit to the appropriate congressional committees 

15 an updated list under paragraph (1)— 

16 (A) not later than 180 days after the date 

17 of the enactment of this Act and annually 

18 thereafter for a period of 5 years; or 

19 (B) as new information becomes available. 

20 (5) FORM.—The list required by paragraph (1) 

21 shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may in22 clude a classified annex. 

23 (c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE24 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres25 sional committees’’ means— 


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1 (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

2 Committee on Financial Services of the House of 

3 Representatives; and 

4 (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

5 the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af6 fairs of the Senate. 

7 SEC. 203. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PER8 SONS WHO ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR OR 

9 COMPLICIT IN GROSS VIOLATIONS OF INTER10 NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED HUMAN RIGHTS 

11 COMMITTED IN LIBYA. 

12 (a) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—The President shall 

13 impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with 

14 respect to each foreign person on the list required by sub15 section (b). 

16 (b) LIST OF PERSONS.— 

17 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 

18 after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 

19 President shall submit to the appropriate congres20 sional committees a list of foreign persons, including 

21 senior government officials, militia leaders, para22 military leaders, and other persons who provide sig23 nificant support to militia or paramilitary groups in 

24 Libya, that the President determines are knowingly 

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1 directly engaged in, gross violations of internation2 ally recognized human rights committed in Libya. 

3 (2) UPDATES OF LIST.—The President shall 

4 submit to the appropriate congressional committees 

5 an updated list under paragraph (1)— 

6 (A) not later than 180 days after the date 

7 of the enactment of this Act and annually 

8 thereafter for a period of 5 years; or 

9 (B) as new information becomes available. 

10 (3) FORM.—The list required by paragraph (1) 

11 shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may in12 clude a classified annex. 

13 (c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE14 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres15 sional committees’’ means— 

16 (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

17 Committee on Financial Services of the House of 

18 Representatives; and 

19 (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

20 the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af21 fairs of the Senate. 

22 SEC. 204. SANCTIONS DESCRIBED. 

23 (a) SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.—The sanctions to be 

24 imposed with respect to a foreign person under section 

25 201, 202, or 203 are the following: 


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1 (1) BLOCKING OF PROPERTY.—The President 

2 shall exercise all of the powers granted to the Presi3 dent by the International Emergency Economic 

4 Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that 

5 the requirements of section 202 of such Act (50 

6 U.S.C. 1701) shall not apply) to the extent nec7 essary to block and prohibit all transactions in prop8 erty and interests in property of the person if such 

9 property and interests in property are in the United 

10 States, come within the United States, or are or 

11 come within the possession or control of a United 

12 States person. 

13 (2) INADMISSIBILITY OF CERTAIN INDIVID14 UALS.— 

15 (A) INELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, 

16 OR PAROLE.—A foreign person who meets any 

17 of the criteria described section 201, 202, or 

18 203 is— 

19 (i) inadmissible to the United States; 

20 (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 

21 documentation to enter the United States; 

22 and 

23 (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 

24 or paroled into the United States or to re25 ceive any other benefit under the ImmigraVerDate Sep 11 2014 20:13 Mar 20, 2021 Jkt 019200 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\H1228.IH H1228

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1 tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 

2 seq.). 

3 (B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.—A foreign 

4 person subject to section 201, 202, or 203 is 

5 subject to the following: 

6 (i) Revocation of any visa or other 

7 entry documentation regardless of when 

8 the visa or other entry documentation is or 

9 was issued. 

10 (ii) A revocation under clause (i) 

11 shall— 

12 (I) take effect immediately; and 

13 (II) automatically cancel any 

14 other valid visa or entry documenta15 tion that is in the foreign person’s 

16 possession. 

17 (b) PENALTIES.—The penalties provided for in sub18 sections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International 

19 Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) shall 

20 apply to a person who violates, attempts to violate, con21 spires to violate, or causes a violation of regulations pro22 mulgated under section 306(2) to carry out subsection 

23 (a)(1) to the same extent that such penalties apply to a 

24 person who commits an unlawful act described in section 

25 206(a) of that Act. 


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1 (c) EXCEPTION.—Sanctions under subsection (a)(2) 

2 shall not apply to an alien if admitting or paroling the 

3 alien into the United States is necessary to permit the 

4 United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the 

5 Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Suc6 cess June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 

7 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, 

8 or other applicable international obligations of the United 

9 States. 

10 (d) EXCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH NATIONAL SECU11 RITY.—The following activities shall be exempt from sanc12 tions under this section: 

13 (1) Activities subject to the reporting require14 ments under title V of the National Security Act of 

15 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.). 

16 (2) Any authorized intelligence or law enforce17 ment activities of the United States. 

18 SEC. 205. WAIVER. 

19 (a) IN GENERAL.—The President may waive, for one 

20 or more periods not to exceed 90 days, the application of 

21 sanctions imposed on a foreign person under this title if 

22 the President— 

23 (1) determines that such a waiver is in the na24 tional interest of the United States; and 


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1 (2) not later than the date on which such waiv2 er will take effect, submits to the appropriate con3 gressional committees a notice of and justification 

4 for such waiver. 

5 (b) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES

6 DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con7 gressional committees’’ means— 

8 (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

9 Committee on Financial Services of the House of 

10 Representatives; and 

11 (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

12 the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af13 fairs of the Senate. 

14 SEC. 206. IMPLEMENTATION AND REGULATORY AUTHOR15 ITY. 

16 The President— 

17 (1) is authorized to exercise all authorities pro18 vided to the President under sections 203 and 205 

19 of the International Emergency Economic Powers 

20 Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this 

21 title; and 

22 (2) shall issue such regulations, licenses, and 

23 orders as are necessary to carry out this title. 


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1 SEC. 207. EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF 

2 GOODS. 

3 (a) IN GENERAL.—The authorities and requirements 

4 to impose sanctions under this title shall not include the 

5 authority or requirement to impose sanctions on the im6 portation of goods. 

7 (b) GOOD DEFINED.—In this section, the term 

8 ‘‘good’’ means any article, natural or man-made sub9 stance, material, supply or manufactured product, includ10 ing inspection and test equipment and excluding technical 

11 data. 

12 SEC. 208. DEFINITIONS. 

13 In this title: 

14 (1) ADMITTED; ALIEN.—The terms ‘‘admitted’’ 

15 and ‘‘alien’’ have the meanings given those terms in 

16 section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 

17 (8 U.S.C. 1101). 

18 (2) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per19 son’’ means an individual or entity who is not a 

20 United States person. 

21 (3) FOREIGN GOVERNMENT.—The term ‘‘for22 eign government’’ means any government of a coun23 try other than the United States. 

24 (4) KNOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’ with 

25 respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, 

26 means that a person has actual knowledge, or should 


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1 have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the 

2 result. 

3 (5) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term 

4 ‘‘United States person’’ means— 

5 (A) an individual who is a United States 

6 citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for perma7 nent residence to the United States; 

8 (B) an entity organized under the laws of 

9 the United States or any jurisdiction within the 

10 United States, including a foreign branch of 

11 such an entity; or 

12 (C) any person in the United States. 

13 (6) GROSS VIOLATIONS OF INTERNATIONALLY

14 RECOGNIZED HUMAN RIGHTS.—The term ‘‘gross vio15 lations of internationally recognized human rights’’ 

16 has the meaning given such term in section 

17 502B(d)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 

18 (22 U.S.C. 2304(d)(1)). 

19 SEC. 209. SUSPENSION OF SANCTIONS. 

20 (a) IN GENERAL.—The President may suspend in 

21 whole or in part the imposition of sanctions otherwise re22 quired under this title for periods not to exceed 90 days 

23 if the President determines that the parties to the conflict 

24 in Libya have agreed to and are upholding a sustainable, 


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1 good-faith ceasefire in support of a lasting political solu2 tion in Libya. 

3 (b) NOTIFICATION REQUIRED.—Not later than 30 

4 days after the date on which the President makes a deter5 mination to suspend the imposition of sanctions as de6 scribed in subsection (a), the President shall submit to the 

7 appropriate congressional committees a notification of the 

8 determination. 

9 (c) REIMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—Any sanctions 

10 suspended under subsection (a) shall be reimposed if the 

11 President determines that the criteria described in that 

12 subsection are no longer being met. 

13 SEC. 210. SUNSET. 

14 The requirement to impose sanctions under this title 

15 shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2026. 

16 TITLE III—ASSISTANCE FOR 

17 LIBYA 

18 SEC. 301. HUMANITARIAN RELIEF FOR THE PEOPLE OF 

19 LIBYA AND INTERNATIONAL REFUGEES AND 

20 MIGRANTS IN LIBYA. 

21 (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con22 gress that— 

23 (1) the United States Government should— 


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1 (A) continue efforts to address Libya’s hu2 manitarian crisis, which has been exacerbated 

3 by the conflict and the COVID-19 pandemic; 

4 (B) leverage diplomatic relations with the 

5 warring parties to guarantee constant, reliable 

6 humanitarian access by frontline providers in 

7 Libya; 

8 (C) leverage diplomatic relations with the 

9 warring parties, the United Nations, and the 

10 European Union to encourage the voluntary 

11 safe passage of detained vulnerable migrants 

12 and refugees from the conflict zones in Libya; 

13 and 

14 (D) support efforts to document and pub15 licize gross violations of internationally recog16 nized human rights and international humani17 tarian law and hold perpetrators accountable; 

18 and 

19 (2) humanitarian assistance to address the cri20 sis in Libya should be targeted toward those most 

21 in need and delivered through partners that uphold 

22 internationally recognized humanitarian principles, 

23 with robust monitoring to ensure assistance is reach24 ing intended beneficiaries. 


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1 (b) ASSISTANCE AUTHORIZED.—The Administrator 

2 of the United States Agency for International Develop3 ment, in coordination with the Secretary of State, should 

4 continue to support humanitarian assistance to individuals 

5 and communities in Libya, including— 

6 (1) health assistance, including logistical and 

7 technical assistance to hospitals, ambulances, and 

8 health clinics in affected communities, including mi9 grant communities, and provision of basic public 

10 health commodities, including support for an effec11 tive response to the COVID-19 pandemic; 

12 (2) services, such as medicines and medical sup13 plies and equipment; 

14 (3) assistance to provide— 

15 (A) protection, food, and shelter, including 

16 to migrant communities; 

17 (B) water, sanitation, and hygiene (com18 monly referred to as ‘‘WASH’’); and 

19 (C) resources and training to increase com20 munications and education to help communities 

21 slow the spread of COVID-19 and to increase 

22 future vaccine acceptance; and 

23 (4) technical assistance to ensure health, food, 

24 and commodities are appropriately selected, pro25 cured, targeted, monitored, and distributed. 


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1 (c) STRATEGY.—Not later than 180 days after the 

2 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 

3 in coordination with the Administrator of the United 

4 States Agency for International Development, shall submit 

5 to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy on 

6 the following: 

7 (1) How the United States, working with rel8 evant foreign governments and multilateral organiza9 tions, plans to address the humanitarian situation in 

10 Libya. 

11 (2) Diplomatic efforts by the United States to 

12 encourage strategic burden-sharing with inter13 national donors, including foreign governments and 

14 multilateral organizations on efforts to improve the 

15 humanitarian situation in Libya. 

16 (3) How to address humanitarian access chal17 lenges and ensure protection for vulnerable refugees 

18 and migrants. 

19 (4) How the United States is mitigating risk, 

20 utilizing third party monitors, and ensuring effective 

21 delivery of assistance. 

22 (5) How to address the tragic and persistent 

23 deaths of migrants and refugees at sea and human 

24 trafficking. 


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1 (d) DIPLOMATIC ENGAGEMENT.—The Secretary of 

2 State, in consultation with the Administrator of the 

3 United States Agency for International Development, 

4 should work with relevant foreign governments and multi5 lateral organizations to coordinate a high-level summit 

6 with respect to Libya in order to— 

7 (1) advance a permanent ceasefire; 

8 (2) facilitate a political process to achieve such 

9 a ceasefire; and 

10 (3) coordinate donations to advance the provi11 sion of humanitarian assistance to the people of 

12 Libya and international migrants and refugees in 

13 Libya in order to carry out the strategy required by 

14 subsection (c). 

15 (e) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE16 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres17 sional committees’’ means— 

18 (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

19 Committee on Appropriations of the House of Rep20 resentatives; and 

21 (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

22 the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. 


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1 SEC. 302. SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE, ELEC2 TIONS, AND CIVIL SOCIETY. 

3 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State shall co4 ordinate United States Government efforts to— 

5 (1) work with the United Nations Support Mis6 sion in Libya to bolster Libyan efforts to establish 

7 a new, transitional government to prepare for na8 tional elections as called for by the Libyan Political 

9 Dialogue; 

10 (2) support efforts to resolve the current civil 

11 conflict in Libya; 

12 (3) work to help the people of Libya and a fu13 ture Libyan government develop functioning, unified 

14 Libyan economic, security, and governing institu15 tions; 

16 (4) work to ensure free, fair, inclusive, and 

17 credible elections organized by an independent and 

18 effective High National Elections Commission in 

19 Libya, including through supporting electoral secu20 rity and international election observation and by 

21 providing training and technical assistance to insti22 tutions with election-related responsibilities, as ap23 propriate; 

24 (5) work with the people of Libya, nongovern25 mental organizations, and Libyan institutions to 

26 strengthen democratic governance, reinforce civilian 


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1 institutions and support decentralization in order to 

2 address community grievances, promote social cohe3 sion, mitigate drivers of violent extremism, and help 

4 communities recover from Islamic State occupation; 

5 (6) defend against gross violations of inter6 nationally recognized human rights in Libya, includ7 ing by supporting efforts to document such viola8 tions; 

9 (7) to combat corruption and improve the 

10 transparency and accountability of Libyan govern11 ment institutions; and 

12 (8) to support the efforts of independent media 

13 outlets to broadcast, distribute, and share informa14 tion with the Libyan people. 

15 (b) RISK MITIGATION AND ASSISTANCE MONI16 TORING.—The Secretary of State and Administrator of 

17 the United States Agency for International Development 

18 shall ensure that appropriate steps are taken to mitigate 

19 risk of diversion of assistance for Libya and ensure reli20 able third-party monitoring is utilized for projects in Libya 

21 that United States Government personnel are unable to 

22 access and monitor. 

23 (c) REPORT.— 

24 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 

25 after enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 


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1 in coordination with the Administrator of the United 

2 States Agency for International Development, shall 

3 submit to the appropriate congressional committees 

4 a report on the activities carried out under sub5 section (a). 

6 (2) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT7 TEES DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘ap8 propriate congressional committees’’ means— 

9 (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 

10 the Committee on Appropriations of the House 

11 of Representatives; and 

12 (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations 

13 and the Committee on Appropriations of the 

14 Senate. 

15 (d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 

16 (1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be 

17 appropriated $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2022 to 

18 carry out subsection (a). 

19 (2) NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS.—Any ex20 penditure of amounts made available to carry out 

21 subsection (a) shall be subject to the notification re22 quirements applicable to— 

23 (A) expenditures from the Economic Sup24 port Fund under section 531(c) of the Foreign 


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1 Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2346(c)); 

2 and 

3 (B) expenditures from the Development 

4 Assistance Fund under section 653(a) of the 

5 Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 

6 2413(a)). 

7 SEC. 303. ENGAGING INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITU8 TIONS TO ADVANCE LIBYAN ECONOMIC RE9 COVERY AND IMPROVE PUBLIC SECTOR FI10 NANCIAL MANAGEMENT. 

11 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Treasury 

12 shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each 

13 international financial institution to use the voice, vote, 

14 and influence of the United States to support, in a way 

15 that is consistent with broader United States national in16 terests, a Libyan-led process to develop a framework for 

17 the economic recovery of Libya and improved public sector 

18 financial management, complementary to United Nations19 led peace efforts and in support of the future establish20 ment of a sovereign state with democratic institutions and 

21 the rule of law in Libya. 

22 (b) ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS.—To the extent con23 sistent with broader United States national interests, the 

24 framework described in subsection (a) shall include the 

25 following policy proposals: 


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1 (1) To restore, respect, and safeguard the in2 tegrity, unity, and lawful governance of Libya’s key 

3 economic ministries and institutions, in particular 

4 the Central Bank of Libya, the Libya Investment 

5 Authority, the National Oil Corporation, and the 

6 Audit Bureau (AB). 

7 (2) To improve the accountability and effective8 ness of Libyan authorities, including sovereign eco9 nomic institutions, in providing services and oppor10 tunity to the Libyan people. 

11 (3) To assist in improving public financial man12 agement and reconciling the public accounts of na13 tional financial institutions and letters of credit 

14 issued by private Libyan financial institutions as 

15 needed pursuant to a political process. 

16 (4) To restore the production, efficient manage17 ment, and development of Libya’s oil and gas indus18 tries so such industries are resilient against malign 

19 foreign influence and can generate prosperity on be20 half of the Libyan people. 

21 (5) To promote the development of private sec22 tor enterprise. 

23 (6) To improve the transparency and account24 ability of public sector employment and wage dis25 tribution. 


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1 (7) To strengthen supervision of and reform of 

2 Libyan financial institutions. 

3 (8) To eliminate exploitation of price controls 

4 and market distorting subsidies in the Libyan econ5 omy. 

6 (9) To support opportunities for United States 

7 businesses. 

8 (c) CONSULTATION.—In supporting the framework 

9 described in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury 

10 shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each 

11 international financial institution to encourage the institu12 tion to consult with relevant stakeholders in the financial, 

13 governance, and energy sectors. 

14 (d) DEFINITION OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL IN15 STITUTION.—In this section, the term ‘‘international fi16 nancial institution’’ means the International Monetary 

17 Fund, International Bank for Reconstruction and Devel18 opment, European Bank for Reconstruction and Develop19 ment, International Development Association, Inter20 national Finance Corporation, Multilateral Investment 

21 Guarantee Agency, African Development Bank, African 

22 Development Fund, Asian Development Bank, Inter23 American Development Bank, Bank for Economic Co24 operation and Development in the Middle East and North 

25 Africa, and Inter-American Investment Corporation. 


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1 (e) TERMINATION.—The requirements of this section 

2 shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2026. 

3 SEC. 304. RECOVERING ASSETS STOLEN FROM THE LIBYAN 

4 PEOPLE. 

5 (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con6 gress that the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the 

7 Treasury, and the Attorney General should, to the extent 

8 practicable, advance a coordinated international effort— 

9 (1) to carry out special financial investigations 

10 to identify and track assets taken from the people 

11 and institutions of Libya through theft, corruption, 

12 money laundering, or other illicit means; and 

13 (2) to work with foreign governments— 

14 (A) to share financial investigations intel15 ligence, as appropriate; 

16 (B) to oversee the assets identified pursu17 ant to paragraph (1); and 

18 (C) to provide technical assistance to help 

19 governments establish the necessary legal 

20 framework to carry out asset forfeitures. 

21 (b) ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS.—The coordinated inter22 national effort described in subsection (a) should include 

23 input from— 

24 (1) the Office of Terrorist Financing and Fi25 nancial Crimes of the Department of the Treasury; 


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1 (2) the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network 

2 of the Department of the Treasury; and 

3 (3) the Money Laundering and Asset Recovery 

4 Section of the Department of Justice. 

Æ 


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