117TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 1228 

AN ACT 

To advance a diplomatic solution to the conflict in Libya 

and support the people of Libya. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 
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1 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

2 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the 

3 ‘‘Libya Stabilization Act’’. 

4 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents for 

5 this Act is as follows: 

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. 

Sec. 2. Findings; statement of policy. 

TITLE I—IDENTIFYING CHALLENGES TO STABILITY IN LIBYA 

Sec. 101. Report on activities of certain foreign governments and actors in 

Libya. 

Sec. 102. Report of Russian activities and objectives in Libya. 

Sec. 103. Determination of sanctionable activities of the Libyan National Army 

with respect to Syria. 

TITLE II—ACTIONS TO ADDRESS FOREIGN INTERVENTION IN 

LIBYA 

Sec. 201. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons leading, directing, or supporting certain foreign government involvement in Libya. 

Sec. 202. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons threatening the peace or 

stability of Libya. 

Sec. 203. Sanctions with respect to foreign persons who are responsible for or 

complicit in gross violations of internationally recognized 

human rights committed in Libya. 

Sec. 204. Sanctions described. 

Sec. 205. Waiver. 

Sec. 206. Implementation and regulatory authority. 

Sec. 207. Exception relating to importation of goods. 

Sec. 208. Definitions. 

Sec. 209. Suspension of sanctions. 

Sec. 210. Sunset. 

TITLE III—ASSISTANCE FOR LIBYA 

Sec. 301. Humanitarian relief for the people of Libya and international refugees and migrants in Libya. 

Sec. 302. Support for democratic governance, elections, and civil society. 

Sec. 303. Engaging international financial institutions to advance Libyan economic recovery and improve public sector financial management. 

Sec. 304. Recovering assets stolen from the Libyan people. 

Sec. 305. Authority to expand educational and cultural exchange programs with 

Libya. 

TITLE IV—DETERMINATION OF BUDGETARY EFFECTS 

Sec. 401. Determination of budgetary effects. 
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1 SEC. 2. FINDINGS; STATEMENT OF POLICY. 

2 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find3 ings: 

4 (1) The stability and territorial unity of Libya 

5 is critical to the security of the United States, Eu6 rope, North Africa, and the Sahel, as well as mari7 time routes in the southern Mediterranean Sea. 

8 (2) United States Africa Command 

9 (AFRICOM) has identified containing instability in 

10 Libya as one of its six main lines of effort in Africa 

11 and works to support diplomatic efforts to reconsti12 tute the Libyan State and to disrupt terrorist orga13 nizations that impede that process or threaten 

14 United States interests. 

15 (3) According to the Defense Intelligence Agen16 cy, the Islamic State in Libya (ISIS-Libya) is ‘‘de17 graded’’. However, AFRICOM continues to ‘‘keep 

18 pressure on ISIS and other violent extremist organi19 zations as they seek to take advantage of the secu20 rity vacuum created by the civil war in Libya’’. 

21 (4) According to the United Nations, since 

22 April 2019, the conflict in Libya has led to the 

23 deaths of more than 500 civilians and the displace24 ment of more than 200,000 people. 

25 (5) Parties to the conflict in Libya have killed 

26 civilians, committed torture and abuse, committed 
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1 mass extrajudicial killings, requisitioned the houses 

2 of civilians, targeted medical facilities, and blocked 

3 humanitarian access to food, health, and other life4 saving services, worsening humanitarian conditions. 

5 (6) According to the United Nations, as of No6 vember 2020, more than 574,000 migrants and refu7 gees remained in Libya and the ‘‘continued arbitrary 

8 detention of migrants and refugees in formal deten9 tion centers and at informal smuggler sites remains 

10 a critical concern in Libya’’. Migrants and refugees, 

11 including women and children, are routinely sub12 jected to discrimination, arrest, arbitrary detention, 

13 torture and other human rights violations and 

14 abuses. The United Nations has called for the imme15 diate release, evacuation, and protection of refugees 

16 and migrants detained in conflict zones. 

17 (7) In November 2019, the Government of the 

18 National Accord (GNA) and the Government of Tur19 key signed a Memorandum of Understanding on 

20 maritime boundaries in the Mediterranean Sea. 

21 (8) The Department of State’s 2020 Traf22 ficking in Persons Report states with regard to 

23 Libya ‘‘Trafficking victims—including men, women, 

24 and children—are highly vulnerable to extreme vio25 lence and other human rights violations in Libya by 
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1 governmental and non-state armed groups, includ2 ing: physical, sexual, and verbal assault; abduction 

3 for ransom; extortion; arbitrary killings; inhumane 

4 detention; and child soldiering. . ..Migrants in 

5 Libya are extremely vulnerable to sex and labor traf6 ficking [and . . .] are vulnerable to exploitation by 

7 state and non-state actors, including employers who 

8 refuse to pay laborers’ wages.’’. 

9 (9) A November 2020 Department of Defense 

10 Inspector General report estimated there are ap11 proximately 2,000 mercenary forces affiliated with 

12 the Wagner Group, a Russian private military com13 pany, as well as approximately 2,000 Russian14 backed Syrian fighters, advanced equipment, and ad15 vanced capabilities supporting Khalifa Haftar’s Lib16 yan National Army (LNA) and Russian objectives in 

17 North Africa. 

18 (10) The most recent AFRICOM posture state19 ment claims, ‘‘Russia continues to harvest benefits 

20 from the instability in Libya—its military meddling 

21 has prolonged the conflict and exacerbated casualties 

22 and humanitarian suffering.’’. 

23 (11) The Department of Defense Inspector 

24 General reported that, ‘‘Turkey has hundreds of reg25 ular military personnel deployed to Libya in order to 
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1 train GNA-aligned militias and to operate Turkish 

2 military equipment’’ and sent thousands of Syrian 

3 mercenaries to Libya in support of the GNA. 

4 (12) On January 19, 2020, at a peace con5 ference in Berlin, representatives of the Govern6 ments of Algeria, China, Egypt, France, Germany, 

7 Italy, Russia, Turkey, the Republic of Congo, the 

8 United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, and 

9 the United States, as well as regional and multilat10 eral organizations, agreed to refrain from inter11 ference in Libya’s internal affairs, abide by the 

12 United Nations arms embargo, and advance a 55- 

13 point communique to resolve the conflict in Libya. 

14 (13) On February 13, 2020, the United Na15 tions Security Council adopted Resolution 2510, 

16 which endorses the Conclusions of the International 

17 Conference on Libya held in Berlin, affirms the need 

18 for a lasting ceasefire, demands full compliance by 

19 all member states with the United Nations arms em20 bargo, and expresses unequivocal support for the 

21 United Nations Special Representative and the ongo22 ing United Nations Support Mission in Libya 

23 (UNSMIL)-facilitated intra-Libyan dialogue. 

24 (14) On October 23, 2020, the warring parties 

25 in Libya agreed a ceasefire, which called for the 
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1 withdrawal of all armed forces from conflict lines 

2 and the departure of all mercenaries and foreign 

3 fighters within three months, and was hailed by 

4 United Nations Secretary General Anto ́nio Guterres 

5 as ‘‘a fundamental step toward peace and stability 

6 in Libya’’. 

7 (15) On January 19, 2021, United Nations 

8 Secretary General Guterres recommended that re9 gional and international powers ensure the ‘‘depar10 ture of all foreign fighters and mercenaries from 

11 Libya and full and unconditional respect for the Se12 curity Council arms embargo’’ and urged the Secu13 rity Council to ‘‘give UNSMIL a clear but flexible 

14 mandate to enable the Mission to support the Liby15 an-led and Libyan-owned ceasefire monitoring mech16 anism’’. 

17 (16) On January 21, 2021, the United States 

18 joined the Governments of France, Germany, Italy, 

19 and the United Kingdom to remind all Berlin Con20 ference participants of the need to ‘‘continue to sup21 port a ceasefire, restore full respect for the UN arms 

22 embargo, and end the toxic foreign interference that 

23 undermines the aspirations of all Libyans to reestab24 lish their sovereignty and choose their future peace25 fully through national elections’’. 
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1 (17) On March 11, 2021, the United States 

2 joined with France, Germany, Italy, and the United 

3 Kingdom to welcome Libya’s Government of Na4 tional Unity and reiterate it will ‘‘have the primary 

5 tasks of organizing free and fair elections on Decem6 ber 24, 2021, followed by a transfer of authority to 

7 Libya’s democratically chosen leaders’’. 

8 (b) STATEMENT OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the 

9 United States— 

10 (1) to advance a peaceful resolution to the con11 flict in Libya through a United Nations-mediated 

12 Libyan-led and Libyan-owned political process as the 

13 best way to secure United States interests and to 

14 ensure the sovereignty, independence, territorial in15 tegrity, and national unity of Libya; 

16 (2) to support the implementation of United 

17 Nations Security Council Resolutions 1970 (2011) 

18 and 1973 (2011), which established an arms embar19 go on Libya, and subsequent resolutions modifying 

20 and extending the embargo; 

21 (3) to enforce Executive Order 13726 (81 Fed. 

22 Reg. 23559; relating to blocking property and sus23 pending entry into the United States of persons con24 tributing to the situation in Libya (April 19, 2016)), 

25 designed to target individuals or entities who 
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1 ‘‘threaten the peace, security, and stability of 

2 Libya’’; 

3 (4) to oppose attacks on civilians, medical work4 ers, and critical infrastructure, including water sup5 plies, in Libya, and to support accountability for 

6 those engaged in such heinous actions; 

7 (5) to support Libya’s sovereignty, independ8 ence, territorial integrity, and national unity con9 sistent with United Nations Security Council Resolu10 tion 2510 (2020) and all predecessor resolutions 

11 with respect to Libya, including by— 

12 (A) taking action to end the violence and 

13 flow of arms; 

14 (B) rejecting attempts by any party to il15 licitly export Libya’s oil; and 

16 (C) urging the withdrawal of foreign mili17 tary and mercenary forces; 

18 (6) to leverage diplomatic relations to convince 

19 the parties to the conflict in Libya to maintain the 

20 current ceasefire and persuade foreign powers to 

21 stop providing personnel, including mercenaries, 

22 weapons, and financing that threaten to reignite the 

23 conflict; 

24 (7) to support the Libyan Political Dialogue 

25 and advance the inclusive Libyan-led and Libyan- 
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1 owned political process, including elections planned 

2 for December 2021; 

3 (8) to support a negotiated and peaceful polit4 ical solution that includes a single, unified, inclusive, 

5 and effective Libyan Government approved by the 

6 Libyan House of Representatives, the end of a tran7 sitional period achieved through free, fair, inclusive, 

8 and credible elections planned for December 2021, a 

9 fair and transparent allocation of resources, interim 

10 security arrangements, and a process for the reunifi11 cation of Libyan government ministries and Libyan 

12 sovereign institutions, including the Central Bank of 

13 Libya, the National Oil Corporation, and the Libyan 

14 Investment Authority; 

15 (9) to help protect Libya’s civilian population 

16 and implementing humanitarian and international 

17 organizations from the risk of harm resulting from 

18 explosive hazards such as landmines, improvised ex19 plosive devices (IEDs), and unexploded ordnance 

20 (UXO); 

21 (10) to support constant, unimpeded, and reli22 able humanitarian access to those in need and to 

23 hold accountable those who impede or threaten the 

24 delivery of humanitarian assistance; 
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1 (11) to seek to bring an end to severe forms of 

2 trafficking in persons such as slavery, forced labor, 

3 and sexual exploitation, including with respect to mi4 grants; 

5 (12) to advocate for the immediate release and 

6 safe evacuations of detained refugees and migrants 

7 trapped by the fighting in Libya; 

8 (13) to encourage implementation of 

9 UNSMIL’s plan for the organized and gradual clo10 sure of migrant detention centers in Libya; 

11 (14) to support greater defense institutional ca12 pacity building after a comprehensive political settle13 ment; 

14 (15) to support current and future democratic 

15 and economic development; and 

16 (16) to discourage all parties from heightening 

17 tensions in the region, through unhelpful and pro18 vocative actions. 

19 TITLE I—IDENTIFYING CHAL20 LENGES TO STABILITY IN 

21 LIBYA 

22 SEC. 101. REPORT ON ACTIVITIES OF CERTAIN FOREIGN 

23 GOVERNMENTS AND ACTORS IN LIBYA. 

24 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 90 days after the 

25 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 
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1 in consultation with the Director of National Intelligence, 

2 shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees 

3 a report that includes— 

4 (1) a description of the full extent of involve5 ment in Libya by foreign governments, including the 

6 Governments of Russia, Turkey, the United Arab 

7 Emirates, Egypt, Sudan, Chad, China, Saudi Ara8 bia, and Qatar, including— 

9 (A) a description of which governments 

10 have been linked to drone and aircraft strikes 

11 since April 2019; 

12 (B) a list of the types and estimated 

13 amounts of equipment transferred by each gov14 ernment described in this paragraph to the par15 ties to the conflict, including foreign military 

16 contractors, mercenaries, or paramilitary forces 

17 operating in Libya; 

18 (C) an estimate of the financial support 

19 provided by each government described in this 

20 paragraph to the parties to the conflict, includ21 ing foreign military contractors, mercenaries, or 

22 paramilitary forces operating in Libya; and 

23 (D) a description of the activities of any 

24 regular, irregular, or paramilitary forces, in25 cluding foreign military contractors, mercenary 
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1 groups, and militias operating inside Libya, at 

2 the direction or with the consent of the govern3 ments described in this paragraph; 

4 (2) an analysis and determination of whether 

5 the actions by the governments described in para6 graph (1) violate the arms embargo with respect to 

7 Libya under United Nations Security Council Reso8 lution 2473 (2019) and other relevant Security 

9 Council resolutions; 

10 (3) a list of the specific offending materiel or fi11 nancial support transfers provided by a government 

12 described in paragraph (1) that— 

13 (A) violate the arms embargo with respect 

14 to Libya under United Nations Security Council 

15 Resolution 2473 (2019) and other relevant Se16 curity Council resolutions; 

17 (B) contribute to civilian death, harm, or 

18 other violations of international humanitarian 

19 law; or 

20 (C) involve weapons of United States ori21 gin or were in violation of United States end 

22 user agreements; 

23 (4) a description of the activities of affiliates of 

24 ISIS, al-Qaida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), and 

25 Ansar al-Sharia, in Libya; 
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1 (5) a description of efforts by the European 

2 Union, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 

3 and the Arab League, and their respective member 

4 states, to— 

5 (A) enforce the arms embargo with respect 

6 to Libya under United Nations Security Council 

7 Resolution 2473 (2019) and other relevant Se8 curity Council resolutions; 

9 (B) facilitate a ceasefire; 

10 (C) monitor a ceasefire; and 

11 (D) support forthcoming elections; 

12 (6) a description of any violations of the arms 

13 embargo by European Union member states; and 

14 (7) a description of United States diplomatic 

15 engagement with the European Union, NATO, and 

16 the Arab League regarding enforcement of the 

17 United Nations arms embargo, ceasefire monitoring, 

18 and election support. 

19 (b) FORM.—The report required by subsection (a) 

20 shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain 

21 a classified annex. 

22 (c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE23 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres24 sional committees’’ means— 
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1 (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

2 Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the 

3 House of Representatives; and 

4 (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

5 the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate. 

6 SEC. 102. REPORT OF RUSSIAN ACTIVITIES AND OBJEC7 TIVES IN LIBYA. 

8 (a) FINDINGS.—Congress makes the following find9 ings: 

10 (1) General Stephen Townsend, Commander of 

11 United States Africa Command (AFRICOM), 

12 warned in January 2020 that in Libya, Russia seeks 

13 to ‘‘demonstrate itself as an alternative partner to 

14 the West’’ and seeks to position itself alongside the 

15 southern flank of the North Atlantic Treaty Organi16 zation (NATO). 

17 (2) AFRICOM has also stated that the Russian 

18 military presence in Libya threatens future United 

19 States military partnerships and counterterrorism 

20 cooperation by impeding United States access to 

21 Libya. 

22 (3) AFRICOM has reported that the Govern23 ment of Russia deployed 14 MiG-29 and Su-24 air24 craft, SA-22 air defense equipment, and mine-resist25 ant ambush protected armored vehicles to Libya to 
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1 support Russian state-sponsored private military 

2 contractors, including the Wagner Group. 

3 (4) In January 2021, United States officials 

4 told the international press that mercenaries affili5 ated with the Wagner Group were constructing so6 phisticated defensive fortifications in central Libya. 

7 (b) REPORT.— 

8 (1) REPORT.—Not later than 90 days after the 

9 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of 

10 State shall submit to the Committee on Foreign Af11 fairs of the House of Representatives and the Com12 mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate a report 

13 that contains an assessment of Russian activities 

14 and objectives in Libya, including— 

15 (A) the potential threat such activities pose 

16 to the United States, southern Europe, NATO, 

17 and partners in the Mediterranean Sea and 

18 North African region; 

19 (B) the direct role of Russia in Libyan fi20 nancial affairs, to include issuing and printing 

21 currency; 

22 (C) Russia’s use of mercenaries, military 

23 contractors, equipment, and paramilitary forces 

24 in Libya; and 
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1 (D) an assessment of sanctions and other 

2 policies adopted by United States partners and 

3 allies against the Wagner Group and its desta4 bilizing activities in Libya, including sanctions 

5 on Yevgeny Prigozhin. 

6 (2) FORM.—The report required by paragraph 

7 (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may 

8 contain a classified annex. 

9 SEC. 103. DETERMINATION OF SANCTIONABLE ACTIVITIES 

10 OF THE LIBYAN NATIONAL ARMY WITH RE11 SPECT TO SYRIA. 

12 Not later than 180 days after the date of the enact13 ment of this Act, the President shall submit to the Com14 mittee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives 

15 and the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate 

16 a list of members of the Libyan National Army (LNA), 

17 and details of their activities, that the President deter18 mines are knowingly responsible for sanctionable offenses 

19 pursuant to— 

20 (1) section 7412 of the Caesar Syria Civilian 

21 Protection Act of 2019 (22 U.S.C. 8791 note; 133 

22 Stat. 2292); or 

23 (2) Executive Order 13582 (76 Fed. Reg. 

24 52209; relating to blocking property of the Govern-
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1 ment of Syria and prohibiting certain transactions 

2 with respect to Syria (August 17, 2011)). 

3 TITLE II—ACTIONS TO ADDRESS 

4 FOREIGN INTERVENTION IN 

5 LIBYA 

6 SEC. 201. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PER7 SONS LEADING, DIRECTING, OR SUPPORTING 

8 CERTAIN FOREIGN GOVERNMENT INVOLVE9 MENT IN LIBYA. 

10 (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days after the 

11 date of the enactment of this Act, the President shall im12 pose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with 

13 respect to each foreign person who the President deter14 mines knowingly engages in an activity described in sub15 section (b). 

16 (b) ACTIVITIES DESCRIBED.—A foreign person en17 gages in an activity described in this subsection if the per18 son leads, directs, or provides significant financial, mate19 rial, or technological support to, or knowingly engages in 

20 a significant transaction with, a non-Libyan foreign per21 son who is— 

22 (1) in Libya in a military or commercial capac23 ity as a military contractor, mercenary, or part of a 

24 paramilitary force; and 
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1 (2) engaged in significant actions that threaten 

2 the peace, security, or stability of Libya. 

3 SEC. 202. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PER4 SONS THREATENING THE PEACE OR STA5 BILITY OF LIBYA. 

6 (a) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—The President shall 

7 impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with 

8 respect to each foreign person on the list required by sub9 section (b). 

10 (b) LIST.—Not later than 180 days after the date 

11 of the enactment of this Act, the President shall submit 

12 to the appropriate congressional committees a list of— 

13 (1) foreign persons, including senior govern14 ment officials, militia leaders, paramilitary leaders, 

15 and other persons who provide significant support to 

16 militia or paramilitary groups in Libya, that the 

17 President determines are knowingly— 

18 (A) engaged in significant actions or poli19 cies that threaten the peace, security, or sta20 bility of Libya, including any supply of arms or 

21 related materiel in violation of a United Nations 

22 Security Council resolution with respect to 

23 Libya; 

24 (B) engaged in significant actions or poli25 cies that obstruct, undermine, delay, or impede, 
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1 or pose a significant risk of obstructing, under2 mining, delaying, or impeding the United Na3 tions-mediated political process that seeks a ne4 gotiated and peaceful solution to the Libyan 

5 crisis; 

6 (C) engaged in significant actions that may 

7 lead to or result in the misappropriation of sig8 nificant state assets of Libya; 

9 (D) involved in, or has been involved in, 

10 the significant illicit exploitation of crude oil or 

11 any other natural resources in Libya, including 

12 the significant illicit production, refining, 

13 brokering, sale, purchase, or export of Libyan 

14 oil; 

15 (E) significantly threatening or coercing 

16 Libyan state financial institutions or the Liby17 an National Oil Company; or 

18 (F) significantly responsible for actions or 

19 policies that are intended to undermine efforts 

20 to promote stabilization and economic recovery 

21 in Libya; 

22 (2) foreign persons who the President deter23 mines are successor entities to persons referred to in 

24 subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1); 

25 and 
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1 (3) foreign persons who the President deter2 mines— 

3 (A) own or control, or are owned or con4 trolled by, a person referred to in any of sub5 paragraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph (1) 

6 or paragraph (2); and 

7 (B) have provided, or attempted to pro8 vide, significant financial, material, techno9 logical, or other support for, or goods or serv10 ices in support of, a person referred to in any 

11 of subparagraphs (A) through (F) of paragraph 

12 (1) or paragraph (2) for purposes of engaging 

13 in any activity listed in such subparagraphs (A) 

14 through (F) of paragraph (1). 

15 (4) UPDATES OF LIST.—The President shall 

16 submit to the appropriate congressional committees 

17 an updated list under paragraph (1)— 

18 (A) not later than 180 days after the date 

19 of the enactment of this Act and annually 

20 thereafter for a period of 5 years; or 

21 (B) as new information becomes available. 

22 (5) FORM.—The list required by paragraph (1) 

23 shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may in24 clude a classified annex. 
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1 (c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE2 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres3 sional committees’’ means— 

4 (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

5 Committee on Financial Services of the House of 

6 Representatives; and 

7 (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

8 the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af9 fairs of the Senate. 

10 SEC. 203. SANCTIONS WITH RESPECT TO FOREIGN PER11 SONS WHO ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR OR 

12 COMPLICIT IN GROSS VIOLATIONS OF INTER13 NATIONALLY RECOGNIZED HUMAN RIGHTS 

14 COMMITTED IN LIBYA. 

15 (a) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—The President shall 

16 impose each of the sanctions described in section 204 with 

17 respect to each foreign person on the list required by sub18 section (b). 

19 (b) LIST OF PERSONS.— 

20 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 

21 after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 

22 President shall submit to the appropriate congres23 sional committees a list of foreign persons, including 

24 senior government officials, militia leaders, para25 military leaders, and other persons who provide sig-
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1 nificant support to militia or paramilitary groups in 

2 Libya, that the President determines are knowingly 

3 responsible for or complicit in, or have directly or in4 directly engaged in, gross violations of internation5 ally recognized human rights committed in Libya. 

6 (2) UPDATES OF LIST.—The President shall 

7 submit to the appropriate congressional committees 

8 an updated list under paragraph (1)— 

9 (A) not later than 180 days after the date 

10 of the enactment of this Act and annually 

11 thereafter for a period of 5 years; or 

12 (B) as new information becomes available. 

13 (3) FORM.—The list required by paragraph (1) 

14 shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may in15 clude a classified annex. 

16 (c) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE17 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres18 sional committees’’ means— 

19 (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

20 Committee on Financial Services of the House of 

21 Representatives; and 

22 (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

23 the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af24 fairs of the Senate. 
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1 SEC. 204. SANCTIONS DESCRIBED. 

2 (a) SANCTIONS DESCRIBED.—The sanctions to be 

3 imposed with respect to a foreign person under section 

4 201, 202, or 203 are the following: 

5 (1) BLOCKING OF PROPERTY.—The President 

6 shall exercise all of the powers granted to the Presi7 dent by the International Emergency Economic 

8 Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that 

9 the requirements of section 202 of such Act (50 

10 U.S.C. 1701) shall not apply) to the extent nec11 essary to block and prohibit all transactions in prop12 erty and interests in property of the person if such 

13 property and interests in property are in the United 

14 States, come within the United States, or are or 

15 come within the possession or control of a United 

16 States person. 

17 (2) INADMISSIBILITY OF CERTAIN INDIVID18 UALS.— 

19 (A) INELIGIBILITY FOR VISAS, ADMISSION, 

20 OR PAROLE.—A foreign person who meets any 

21 of the criteria described section 201, 202, or 

22 203 is— 

23 (i) inadmissible to the United States; 

24 (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 

25 documentation to enter the United States; 

26 and 
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1 (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 

2 or paroled into the United States or to re3 ceive any other benefit under the Immigra4 tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 

5 seq.). 

6 (B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.—A foreign 

7 person subject to section 201, 202, or 203 is 

8 subject to the following: 

9 (i) Revocation of any visa or other 

10 entry documentation regardless of when 

11 the visa or other entry documentation is or 

12 was issued. 

13 (ii) A revocation under clause (i) 

14 shall— 

15 (I) take effect immediately; and 

16 (II) automatically cancel any 

17 other valid visa or entry documenta18 tion that is in the foreign person’s 

19 possession. 

20 (b) PENALTIES.—The penalties provided for in sub21 sections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the International 

22 Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1705) shall 

23 apply to a person who violates, attempts to violate, con24 spires to violate, or causes a violation of regulations issued 

25 under section 206(2) of this Act to carry out subsection 
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1 (a)(1) to the same extent that such penalties apply to a 

2 person who commits an unlawful act described in section 

3 206(a) of the International Emergency Economic Powers 

4 Act. 

5 (c) EXCEPTION.—Sanctions under subsection (a)(2) 

6 shall not apply to an alien if admitting or paroling the 

7 alien into the United States is necessary to permit the 

8 United States to comply with the Agreement regarding the 

9 Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake Suc10 cess June 26, 1947, and entered into force November 21, 

11 1947, between the United Nations and the United States, 

12 or other applicable international obligations of the United 

13 States. 

14 (d) EXCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH NATIONAL SECU15 RITY.—The following activities shall be exempt from sanc16 tions under this section: 

17 (1) Activities subject to the reporting require18 ments under title V of the National Security Act of 

19 1947 (50 U.S.C. 3091 et seq.). 

20 (2) Any authorized intelligence or law enforce21 ment activities of the United States. 

22 SEC. 205. WAIVER. 

23 (a) IN GENERAL.—The President may waive, for one 

24 or more periods not to exceed 90 days, the application of 
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1 sanctions imposed on a foreign person under this title if 

2 the President— 

3 (1) determines that such a waiver is in the na4 tional interest of the United States; and 

5 (2) not later than the date on which such waiv6 er will take effect, submits to the appropriate con7 gressional committees a notice of and justification 

8 for such waiver. 

9 (b) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES

10 DEFINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate con11 gressional committees’’ means— 

12 (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

13 Committee on Financial Services of the House of 

14 Representatives; and 

15 (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

16 the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Af17 fairs of the Senate. 

18 SEC. 206. IMPLEMENTATION AND REGULATORY AUTHOR19 ITY. 

20 The President— 

21 (1) is authorized to exercise all authorities pro22 vided to the President under sections 203 and 205 

23 of the International Emergency Economic Powers 

24 Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out this 

25 title; and 
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1 (2) shall issue such regulations, licenses, and 

2 orders as are necessary to carry out this title. 

3 SEC. 207. EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF 

4 GOODS. 

5 (a) IN GENERAL.—The authorities and requirements 

6 to impose sanctions under this title shall not include the 

7 authority or requirement to impose sanctions on the im8 portation of goods. 

9 (b) GOOD DEFINED.—In this section, the term 

10 ‘‘good’’ means any article, natural or man-made sub11 stance, material, supply or manufactured product, includ12 ing inspection and test equipment and excluding technical 

13 data. 

14 SEC. 208. DEFINITIONS. 

15 In this title: 

16 (1) ADMITTED; ALIEN.—The terms ‘‘admitted’’ 

17 and ‘‘alien’’ have the meanings given those terms in 

18 section 101 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 

19 (8 U.S.C. 1101). 

20 (2) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per21 son’’ means an individual or entity who is not a 

22 United States person. 

23 (3) FOREIGN GOVERNMENT.—The term ‘‘for24 eign government’’ means any government of a coun25 try other than the United States. 
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1 (4) KNOWINGLY.—The term ‘‘knowingly’’ with 

2 respect to conduct, a circumstance, or a result, 

3 means that a person has actual knowledge, or should 

4 have known, of the conduct, the circumstance, or the 

5 result. 

6 (5) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term 

7 ‘‘United States person’’ means— 

8 (A) an individual who is a United States 

9 citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for perma10 nent residence to the United States; 

11 (B) an entity organized under the laws of 

12 the United States or any jurisdiction within the 

13 United States, including a foreign branch of 

14 such an entity; or 

15 (C) any person in the United States. 

16 (6) GROSS VIOLATIONS OF INTERNATIONALLY

17 RECOGNIZED HUMAN RIGHTS.—The term ‘‘gross vio18 lations of internationally recognized human rights’’ 

19 has the meaning given such term in section 

20 502B(d)(1) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 

21 (22 U.S.C. 2304(d)(1)). 

22 SEC. 209. SUSPENSION OF SANCTIONS. 

23 (a) IN GENERAL.—The President may suspend in 

24 whole or in part the imposition of sanctions otherwise re25 quired under this title for periods not to exceed 90 days 
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1 if the President determines that the parties to the conflict 

2 in Libya have agreed to and are upholding a sustainable, 

3 good-faith ceasefire in support of a lasting political solu4 tion in Libya. 

5 (b) NOTIFICATION REQUIRED.—Not later than 30 

6 days after the date on which the President makes a deter7 mination to suspend the imposition of sanctions as de8 scribed in subsection (a), the President shall submit to the 

9 appropriate congressional committees a notification of the 

10 determination. 

11 (c) REIMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—Any sanctions 

12 suspended under subsection (a) shall be reimposed if the 

13 President determines that the criteria described in that 

14 subsection are no longer being met. 

15 SEC. 210. SUNSET. 

16 The requirement to impose sanctions under this title 

17 shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2026. 

18 TITLE III—ASSISTANCE FOR 

19 LIBYA 

20 SEC. 301. HUMANITARIAN RELIEF FOR THE PEOPLE OF 

21 LIBYA AND INTERNATIONAL REFUGEES AND 

22 MIGRANTS IN LIBYA. 

23 (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con24 gress that— 

25 (1) the United States Government should— 
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1 (A) continue senior-level efforts to address 

2 Libya’s humanitarian crisis, which has been ex3 acerbated by the conflict and the COVID-19 

4 pandemic; 

5 (B) leverage diplomatic relations with the 

6 warring parties to guarantee constant, reliable 

7 humanitarian access by frontline providers in 

8 Libya; 

9 (C) leverage diplomatic relations with the 

10 warring parties, the United Nations, and the 

11 European Union to encourage the voluntary 

12 safe passage of detained vulnerable migrants 

13 and refugees from the conflict zones in Libya; 

14 and 

15 (D) support efforts to document and pub16 licize gross violations of internationally recog17 nized human rights and international humani18 tarian law, including efforts related to severe 

19 forms of trafficking in persons such as slavery, 

20 forced labor, and sexual exploitation, and hold 

21 perpetrators accountable; and 

22 (2) humanitarian assistance to address the cri23 sis in Libya should be targeted toward those most 

24 in need and delivered through partners that uphold 

25 internationally recognized humanitarian principles, 
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1 with robust monitoring to ensure assistance is reach2 ing intended beneficiaries. 

3 (b) ASSISTANCE AUTHORIZED.—The Administrator 

4 of the United States Agency for International Develop5 ment, in coordination with the Secretary of State, should 

6 continue to support humanitarian assistance to individuals 

7 and communities in Libya, including— 

8 (1) health assistance, including logistical and 

9 technical assistance to hospitals, ambulances, and 

10 health clinics in affected communities, including mi11 grant communities, and provision of basic public 

12 health commodities, including support for an effec13 tive response to the COVID-19 pandemic; 

14 (2) services, such as medicines and medical sup15 plies and equipment; 

16 (3) assistance to provide— 

17 (A) protection, food, and shelter, including 

18 to migrant communities; 

19 (B) water, sanitation, and hygiene (com20 monly referred to as ‘‘WASH’’); and 

21 (C) resources and training to increase com22 munications and education to help communities 

23 slow the spread of COVID-19 and to increase 

24 future vaccine acceptance; and 
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1 (4) technical assistance to ensure health, food, 

2 and commodities are appropriately selected, pro3 cured, targeted, monitored, and distributed. 

4 (c) STRATEGY.—Not later than 180 days after the 

5 date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 

6 in coordination with the Administrator of the United 

7 States Agency for International Development, shall submit 

8 to the appropriate congressional committees a strategy on 

9 the following: 

10 (1) How the United States, working with rel11 evant foreign governments and multilateral organiza12 tions, plans to address the humanitarian situation in 

13 Libya. 

14 (2) Diplomatic efforts by the United States to 

15 encourage strategic burden-sharing and the coordi16 nation of donations with international donors, in17 cluding foreign governments and multilateral organi18 zations to advance the provision of humanitarian as19 sistance to the people of Libya and international mi20 grants and refugees in Libya. 

21 (3) How to address humanitarian access chal22 lenges and ensure protection for vulnerable refugees 

23 and migrants, including protection from severe 

24 forms of trafficking in persons such as slavery, 

25 forced labor, and sexual exploitation. 
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1 (4) How the United States is mitigating risk, 

2 utilizing third party monitors, and ensuring effective 

3 delivery of assistance. 

4 (5) How to address the tragic and persistent 

5 deaths of migrants and refugees at sea and human 

6 trafficking. 

7 (d) INTEGRATION OF DEPARTMENT OF STATE-LED

8 STABILIZATION EFFORTS.— 

9 (1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of 

10 Congress that the Secretary of State, working with 

11 United States allies, international organizations, and 

12 implementing partners, including local implementing 

13 partners, to the extent practicable, should continue 

14 coordinated international stabilization efforts in 

15 Libya to— 

16 (A) build up the capacity of implementers 

17 and national mine action authorities engaged in 

18 conventional weapons destruction efforts and 

19 mine risk education training and programs; and 

20 (B) conduct operational clearance of explo21 sive remnants of war resulting from the 2011 

22 revolution and current military conflict in 

23 Libya, including in territory previously occupied 

24 by ISIS-Libya, and particularly in areas where 

25 unexploded ordnance, booby traps, and anti-per-
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1 sonnel and anti-vehicle mines contaminate areas 

2 of critical infrastructure and large housing dis3 tricts posing a risk of civilian casualties. 

4 (2) IN GENERAL.—To the maximum extent 

5 practicable, humanitarian assistance authorized 

6 under subsection (b) and the strategy required by 

7 subsection (c) shall take into account and integrate 

8 Department of State-led stabilization efforts— 

9 (A) to address— 

10 (i) contamination from landmines and 

11 other explosive remnants of war left from 

12 the 2011 revolution and current military 

13 conflict in Libya, including in territory pre14 viously occupied by ISIS-Libya; and 

15 (ii) proliferation of illicit small arms 

16 and light weapons resulting from such con17 flict and the destabilizing impact the pro18 liferation of such weapons has in Libya 

19 and neighboring countries; and 

20 (B) to mitigate the threat that destruction 

21 of conventional weapons poses to development, 

22 the delivery of humanitarian assistance, and the 

23 safe and secure return of internally displaced 

24 persons. 
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1 (e) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES DE2 FINED.—In this section, the term ‘‘appropriate congres3 sional committees’’ means— 

4 (1) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and the 

5 Committee on Appropriations of the House of Rep6 resentatives; and 

7 (2) the Committee on Foreign Relations and 

8 the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. 

9 SEC. 302. SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE, ELEC10 TIONS, AND CIVIL SOCIETY. 

11 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State shall co12 ordinate United States Government efforts to— 

13 (1) work with the United Nations Support Mis14 sion in Libya and the transitional Government of 

15 National Unity in Libya to prepare for national elec16 tions in December 2021, as called for by the Libyan 

17 Political Dialogue, and a subsequent political transi18 tion; 

19 (2) support efforts to resolve the current civil 

20 conflict in Libya; 

21 (3) work to help the people of Libya and a fu22 ture Libyan government develop functioning, unified 

23 Libyan economic, security, and governing institu24 tions; 
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1 (4) work to ensure free, fair, inclusive, and 

2 credible elections in December 2021 organized by an 

3 independent and effective High National Elections 

4 Commission in Libya, including through supporting 

5 electoral security and international election observa6 tion and by providing training and technical assist7 ance to institutions with election-related responsibil8 ities, as appropriate; 

9 (5) work with the people of Libya, nongovern10 mental organizations, and Libyan institutions to 

11 strengthen democratic governance, reinforce civilian 

12 institutions and support decentralization in order to 

13 address community grievances, promote social cohe14 sion, mitigate drivers of violent extremism, and help 

15 communities recover from Islamic State occupation; 

16 (6) defend against gross violations of inter17 nationally recognized human rights in Libya, includ18 ing by supporting efforts to document such viola19 tions; 

20 (7) to combat corruption and improve the 

21 transparency and accountability of Libyan govern22 ment institutions; and 

23 (8) to support the efforts of independent media 

24 outlets to broadcast, distribute, and share informa25 tion with the Libyan people. 
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1 (b) RISK MITIGATION AND ASSISTANCE MONI2 TORING.—The Secretary of State and Administrator of 

3 the United States Agency for International Development 

4 shall ensure that appropriate steps are taken to mitigate 

5 risk of diversion of assistance for Libya and ensure reli6 able third-party monitoring is utilized for projects in Libya 

7 that United States Government personnel are unable to 

8 access and monitor. 

9 (c) REPORT.— 

10 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 

11 after enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State, 

12 in coordination with the Administrator of the United 

13 States Agency for International Development, shall 

14 submit to the appropriate congressional committees 

15 a report on the activities carried out under sub16 section (a). 

17 (2) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT18 TEES DEFINED.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘ap19 propriate congressional committees’’ means— 

20 (A) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 

21 the Committee on Appropriations of the House 

22 of Representatives; and 

23 (B) the Committee on Foreign Relations 

24 and the Committee on Appropriations of the 

25 Senate. 
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1 (d) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.— 

2 (1) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to be 

3 appropriated $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2022 to 

4 carry out subsection (a). 

5 (2) NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS.—Any ex6 penditure of amounts made available to carry out 

7 subsection (a) shall be subject to the notification re8 quirements applicable to— 

9 (A) expenditures from the Economic Sup10 port Fund under section 531(c) of the Foreign 

11 Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2346(c)); 

12 and 

13 (B) expenditures from the Development 

14 Assistance Fund under section 653(a) of the 

15 Foreign Assistance Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 

16 2413(a)). 

17 SEC. 303. ENGAGING INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITU18 TIONS TO ADVANCE LIBYAN ECONOMIC RE19 COVERY AND IMPROVE PUBLIC SECTOR FI20 NANCIAL MANAGEMENT. 

21 (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Treasury 

22 shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each 

23 international financial institution to use the voice, vote, 

24 and influence of the United States to support, in a way 

25 that is consistent with broader United States national in-
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1 terests, a Libyan-led process to develop a framework for 

2 the economic recovery of Libya and improved public sector 

3 financial management, complementary to United Nations4 led peace efforts and in support of the future establish5 ment of a sovereign state with democratic institutions and 

6 the rule of law in Libya. 

7 (b) ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS.—To the extent con8 sistent with broader United States national interests, the 

9 framework described in subsection (a) shall include the 

10 following policy proposals: 

11 (1) To restore, respect, and safeguard the in12 tegrity, unity, and lawful governance of Libya’s key 

13 economic ministries and institutions, in particular 

14 the Central Bank of Libya, the Libya Investment 

15 Authority, the National Oil Corporation, and the 

16 Audit Bureau (AB). 

17 (2) To improve the accountability and effective18 ness of Libyan authorities, including sovereign eco19 nomic institutions, in providing services and oppor20 tunity to the Libyan people. 

21 (3) To assist in improving public financial man22 agement and reconciling the public accounts of na23 tional financial institutions and letters of credit 

24 issued by private Libyan financial institutions as 

25 needed pursuant to a political process. 
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1 (4) To restore the production, efficient manage2 ment, and development of Libya’s oil and gas indus3 tries so such industries are resilient against malign 

4 foreign influence and can generate prosperity on be5 half of the Libyan people. 

6 (5) To promote the development of private sec7 tor enterprise. 

8 (6) To improve the transparency and account9 ability of public sector employment and wage dis10 tribution. 

11 (7) To strengthen supervision of and reform of 

12 Libyan financial institutions. 

13 (8) To eliminate exploitation of price controls 

14 and market distorting subsidies in the Libyan econ15 omy. 

16 (9) To support opportunities for United States 

17 businesses. 

18 (c) CONSULTATION.—In supporting the framework 

19 described in subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury 

20 shall instruct the United States Executive Director at each 

21 international financial institution to encourage the institu22 tion to consult with relevant stakeholders in the financial, 

23 governance, and energy sectors. 

24 (d) DEFINITION OF INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL IN25 STITUTION.—In this section, the term ‘‘international fi-
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1 nancial institution’’ means the International Monetary 

2 Fund, International Bank for Reconstruction and Devel3 opment, European Bank for Reconstruction and Develop4 ment, International Development Association, Inter5 national Finance Corporation, Multilateral Investment 

6 Guarantee Agency, African Development Bank, African 

7 Development Fund, Asian Development Bank, Inter8 American Development Bank, Bank for Economic Co9 operation and Development in the Middle East and North 

10 Africa, and Inter-American Investment Corporation. 

11 (e) TERMINATION.—The requirements of this section 

12 shall cease to be effective on December 31, 2026. 

13 SEC. 304. RECOVERING ASSETS STOLEN FROM THE LIBYAN 

14 PEOPLE. 

15 (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con16 gress that the Secretary of State, the Secretary of the 

17 Treasury, and the Attorney General should, to the extent 

18 practicable, advance a coordinated international effort— 

19 (1) to carry out special financial investigations 

20 to identify and track assets taken from the people 

21 and institutions of Libya through theft, corruption, 

22 money laundering, or other illicit means; and 

23 (2) to work with foreign governments— 

24 (A) to share financial investigations intel25 ligence, as appropriate; 
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1 (B) to oversee the assets identified pursu2 ant to paragraph (1); and 

3 (C) to provide technical assistance to help 

4 governments establish the necessary legal 

5 framework to carry out asset forfeitures. 

6 (b) ADDITIONAL ELEMENTS.—The coordinated inter7 national effort described in subsection (a) should include 

8 input from— 

9 (1) the Office of Terrorist Financing and Fi10 nancial Crimes of the Department of the Treasury; 

11 (2) the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network 

12 of the Department of the Treasury; and 

13 (3) the Money Laundering and Asset Recovery 

14 Section of the Department of Justice. 

15 SEC. 305. AUTHORITY TO EXPAND EDUCATIONAL AND CUL16 TURAL EXCHANGE PROGRAMS WITH LIBYA. 

17 (a) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of Con18 gress that the United States should expand educational 

19 and cultural exchange programs with Libya to promote 

20 mutual understanding and people-to-people linkages be21 tween the United States and Libya. 

22 (b) AUTHORITY.—The President is authorized to ex23 pand educational and cultural exchange programs with 

24 Libya, including programs carried out under the following: 
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1 (1) The J. William Fulbright Educational Ex2 change Program referred to in paragraph (1) of sec3 tion 112(a) of the Mutual Educational and Cultural 

4 Exchange Act of 1961 (22 U.S.C. 2460(a)). 

5 (2) The International Visitors Program referred 

6 to in paragraph (3) of such section. 

7 (3) The U.S.-Middle East Partnership Initiative 

8 (MEPI) Student Leaders Program. 

9 (4) The Youth Exchange and Study Program. 

10 (5) Other related programs administered by the 

11 Department of State. 

12 TITLE IV—DETERMINATION OF 

13 BUDGETARY EFFECTS 

14 SEC. 401. DETERMINATION OF BUDGETARY EFFECTS. 

15 The budgetary effects of this Act, for the purpose of 

16 complying with the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010, 

17 shall be determined by reference to the latest statement 

18 titled ‘‘Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation’’ for this 

19 Act, submitted for printing in the Congressional Record 

20 by the Chairman of the House Budget Committee, pro-
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1 vided that such statement has been submitted prior to the 

2 vote on passage. 

Passed the House of Representatives September 28, 

2021. 

Attest: 

Clerk. 
117TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION H. R. 1228 

AN ACT 

To advance a diplomatic solution to the conflict in 

Libya and support the people of Libya.