# Patent

## Title
Paintball guns

## Abstract

A paintball gun is disclosed which includes a data link for transferring data to and/or from a remote terminal. The link may be a contact or contactless one. A removable data carrier may be used.

## Background
This is a Divisional Application of application Ser. No. 09/607,838, filed Jun. 30, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,615,816, which is in turn a Continuation-in-Part of application Ser. No. 09/418,224, filed Oct. 14, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,311,682, and a Continuation-in-Part of application Ser. No. 09/418,225, filed Oct. 14, 1999, now abandoned which is in turn a Continuation-in-Part of application Ser. No. 09/272,652, filed Mar. 18, 1999 (now abandoned).


This invention relates to paintball guns.
The game of paintball involves participants carrying guns which fire pellets of ‘paint’ or dye which are fired from the gun and burst upon impact to leave a mark at the point of impact.
Most paintball guns use a pneumatic system for firing the paintballs using compressed air or other gas. More recently, such pneumatically operated guns have begun to be electronically controlled for greater effectiveness.
According to the present invention there is provided a paintball gun including a data link for transferring data to and/or from a remote terminal.
According to the present invention there is further provided electronic apparatus, comprising a paintball gun, a terminal and means for transferring data and/or communicating between the gun and terminal.
A display panel may be mounted on the gun or may be alternatively (or additionally) be situated remote from the gun. For example, the display panel may be a display on a remote terminal such as a computer terminal, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a telephone or many other devices, such as components attached to the gun. Data may be transferred to the panel by a direct (wired link) for example a serial link, USB link or other link, or by a contactless method, such as by infrared communication, radio links (digital or analog), microwave links, or even by telephone/cable internet, etc.
Alternatively, the remote terminal may not have a display. It may simply store and/or process data.
Alternatively, data my be transferred by means of a removable data carrier, such as a smart card, SIM, flash card, a disk or tape or other means between the gun and an external terminal.



Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 shows schematically an electronic apparatus for use in a paintball gun;
FIG. 2 shows the handle of a gun;
FIG. 3 shows schematically external terminals linked to a paint gun;
FIG. 4 shows schematically external terminals receiving or transmitting data from or to a paintball gun by means of a data carrier; and
FIG. 5 shows a side view of a display and a circuit board.



A paintball gun embodying the present invention uses a compressed gas circuit supplied with gas from a gas cylinder to eject projectiles in the form of spheres containing paint which break upon impact. The gun is electronically controlled, typically by a microswitch operated upon by a trigger squeezed by a user's finger and the electronics control the firing mechanism and in particular ensure correct timing. The electronics also enable various different modes of firing, for example a semi-automatic mode in which each trigger actuation causes a projectile to be fired, typically up to 20 times a second, or a fully automatic mode in which a single trigger actuation causes a burst of a selectable number of shots. Other parameters such as dwell time, firing rate, number of bursts per second, and so on are also selectable under the operation of the control electronics. A paintball gun of this type is commercially available as the AngelTM gun manufactured by NPF Limited and reference is made to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/137,641.
FIG. 1 shows a control and display apparatus for use in a gun according to the present invention. The apparatus comprises a central processor 1 which typically includes a microprocessor. As described, operation of the gun is initiated by a user depressing a trigger 2 which acts upon a microswitch in known manner. This sends an appropriate signal to fire control/monitoring circuitry 4, which may be at least partially incorporated in the control unit 1 and which can be used to control the rate of fire, dwell time, etc, and also to fire the gun when the trigger has been operated, using the mode designated by the user. These modes may be, for example, manual, semi-automatic or automatic modes or other modes as required or as allowed by the rules of the particular event or tournament he is playing in. These operate in known manner.
A plurality of input buttons 5a to 5e are arranged to provide user input to the processor 1 via a user interface 3 and these have several different functions as will be outlined below.
The gun is powered by a battery 6 which is preferably a rechargeable type and which can charge through a battery charger 7 which has a mains input. The battery charger may have means for indicating the approximate charge on the battery.
An integral alphanumeric display unit in the form of an LCD unit 8, driven by an LCD driver circuit 9 is preferably connected to the processor and this displays various types of data and information. Preferably, a back-light 10 is also provided to enable better viewing of the LCD unit but which back-light may be turned off when required. The alphanumeric display need not necessarily be an LCD display. Alternatively, the gun may not have an integral display.
Various other pieces of apparatus, sensors, etc, may be added to the control unit and non-limiting examples of these are shown in FIG. 1. There is shown a temperature sensor 11, a timer 12 and a vibrator 13. The timer 12 can be used for various purposes such as for timing a paintball game and for an alarm function and the vibrator 13 may be used as the alarm indicator for the timer 12. In addition, a data link, such as an infrared link 14 is provided which enables programming of the control unit, or bi-directional data exchange, to take place from a remote PC or other device fitted with a similar infrared unit. Infrared communication devices are well known. A serial link, eg RS232C, radio link or other communications link may also be provided. So called ‘blue tooth’ technology may be used for radio communication
FIG. 2 shows the grip frame part of a paintball gun. The user holds the grip in the normal manner and squeezes the trigger 2 to fire the gun. As shown, the gun is radically different from previous paintball gun designs in that an LCD display 8 is integral with and incorporated into the gun, in this case on the cheek of the grip frame 15. It could, however, be mounted in any other position/disposition on the gun itself. The control buttons are also distributed on the grip frame. Three of the buttons 5a, 5b and 5c are mounted in a recessed portion where they are always accessible. The remaining buttons in this embodiment are mounted under a cheek plate (not shown) which is screwed or otherwise attached over the cheek, possibly using anti-tamper means, or tamper-indicating means such as seals, and thus are only accessible when the plate is removed. This is because these buttons are used to alter various functions of the gun which affect its performance, rate of fire, etc. In many events, the rate of fire or other gun parameters must be set before the game begins and cannot be altered once the match is underway. By being mounted in an inaccessible position, these buttons achieve this objective.
As shown in FIG. 5, the display panel may be removable. In one embodiment, it is mounted on a substrate 50 formed by a printed circuit board on which electronic components 51, 52 are mounted. Electrical connection between the board 50 and display 8 is made via a plurality of pins (of which one is shown, 53) and co-operating sockets 54. By simply pulling these apart, the panel can be removed. In an alternative embodiment, a so-called Ziff (zero insertion force) socket can be used. This type of socket is commonly used for microprocessors. Other methods of removably connecting the display may be used.
Various values and words are selectably displayed by a six character alphanumeric display 24 and a plurality of fixed words/characters which are illuminated as required. A battery indicator 20 is displayed at all times and goes from blank to full (all four segments displayed). When down to about 25% power level the last segment only is displayed, and this flashes indicating low power status.
A mode indicator 21 displays the mode of firing and may show single characters or numerals such as A, B, C, 1, 2, 3 etc. Modes are displayed at all times. The mode of firing can only be changed by one of the normally inaccessible tactile switches 5d or 5e. The modes available may be, for example, SEMI: (1 shot; 1 trigger pull), BURSTS: (a 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8 shot burst per trigger pull), ZIPS (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 shot bursts at a rate of 8.75 shots/sec max). The MROF (Maximum Rate of Fire) function will display 8 when in the ZIP modes.
The vibrator may work in a timer mode for indicating, for example, 5 min intervals by actuating the vibrator for 3 secs. Note: if the ‘V’ mode is selected the ‘V’ is displayed on the LCD. Switching the vibratory alarm ON or OFF is selected from a sub-menu function.
Temperature may be displayed in ° F. or ° C. by the main alphanumeric display 24. A temperature icon is only displayed when the menu calls for it. Temp mode can be selected from the menu; Changing from Centigrade to Fahrenheit is selected from the sub-menu.
A trip meter is a shot counter that can be re-zeroed by the consumer. Trip can be selected from the menu. Resetting to zero is selected from the sub-menu.
A ROF (Rate of Fire) function may measure a string of shots over a selected (eg 1 second) period. The first shot starts the counter for 1 second, any shots that occur in that period are registered on the display. Then the display will not accept any input for a 3-second period. During this period the display will also flash before an additional cycle may start. The ROF mode can be selected from the menu. The data is constantly updated and so no sub-menu is required. ROF can also record the shortest time interval between any two shots, which can remain in memory until superseded or deleted. This allows for a peak value of ROF to be viewed later, without fear of interrupting a game.
The display can accordingly display not only a desired rate of fire, but also the rate of fire actually achieved by the user, which can fall well short of the desired rate of fire, or could even exceed it for a very skilled marksman. Furthermore, competition rules may set an upper limit on the rate of fire, and this upper limit may be programmed in and displayed on the LCD display (MROF). More details are set out further below.
To power off the gun a tactile switch on the grip must be held for 1.5 seconds which shows the whole display for 2 seconds. Then the display shows the word “SAFE” and the back light switches OFF. The gun cannot fire in the safe mode but the battery meter is still displayed. An automatic power off function may be provided which powers off the gun if no shots are fired for a predetermined period, e.g. 60 minutes.
A unique ID number may be programmable into the gun by the manufacturers or suppliers. This number may affect, e.g. restrict, the modes it is possible for the gun to be fired in and can render the gun less likely to be stolen.
Numerous fault codes can be displayed, for example Fault 1, F1=Over temp=38° C., F2=Under temp=0° C., and so on. The fault can be selected from the menu. Should more than one fault be present the display will alternate at 2-sec cycles. The faults will only clear from the display when the fault condition is removed.
Dwell time may be displayed, e.g. in millisecs=e.g. 0:20=20 ms. Dwell is changed via a tactile button and scrolls from 12 ms to 25 ms.
MROF displays the rate of fire as shots per sec, e.g. 12=12 shots/sec. MROF may be selected from the menu but can only be changed via one of the normally inaccessible tactile buttons on the board. In one embodiment the range is 5 to 20 shots per second.
Note: If a mode of fire has a preset rate this will be displayed under the MODE function and cannot be adjusted whilst in that mode.
A cycles counter is a grand total shot counter that cannot be reset by the consumer, only by the suppliers of the gun or other authorised person.
A TRIP counter is provided, which is a shot counter that can be zeroed by the user or consumer.
A timer is a countdown timer which can, for example, count down from 60 min. At the end of the count the vibrator alarm may be activated for 10 seconds. The timer can be set in 5-min increments, i.e. OFF, 5, 10, 15 etc. A sub-menu allows changes. The settings must remain in the memory even after power has been removed.
The display may also indicate test modes and a BACKLIGHT ON symbol 22 is included. Additional functions displayable include, inter alia, velocity, average velocity, gas pressure and gas usage, for example.
In one embodiment DWELL, MROF, MODE and TIMER functions are stored in non-volatile memory since these settings must be retained even when power is removed.
Many other parameters of the gun's operation, or of a game being played (score, timer functions, etc) may be displayed.
The gun may alternatively not have an integral display at all. If it does not have an integral display, or even if it does have a display, the data-link 14 may be used to communicate with an external terminal, preferably for displaying information at the remote terminal. The term ‘terminal’ is to be construed widely, and non-limiting examples of terminals are shown schematically in FIG. 3. Others will be apparent.
The terminal could be a PC or other computer or computer terminal 60. Other items shown by way of example include hand-held devices 61, such as palm-top computers, PDAs, mobile telephones and so on. A watch 62 or other wearable device could be a terminal. A display mounted on a gas regulator (shown attached to a gas canister 64) could be used. A display may be mounted on a stock 65 or on a fore grip 66 or paint-ball hopper 67. A display may be mounted ‘head-up’ style in a face mask, goggles or other safety equipment which would normally be worn by a user of a paintball gun.
The terminal may indeed be another gun, so that users can communicate and transfer data between each other.
The external terminal may be used to simply download information to regarding the progress and results of a game and/or the gun's operation or performance, or to upload information, programming data or software upgrades to a gun, in which case it will generally be connected after or before a game. Alternatively, or in addition, it can be used to display parameters relating to the gun's operation or an ongoing game, preferably in real-time.
The connection with an external terminal (display) may be wired connections, such as RS 232 connections, USB connections, IEEE 1394 (firewire), or other types. It could alternatively be by a wireless method such as infrared or radio. Many radio protocols are available or will be available and one such protocol is known as ‘blue tooth’. Connections may also be made over LANS, WANS or by any telecommunication system or over the internet for example. By fitting a modem or an ISDN adaptor or other suitable interface, the gun may be connected to the internet or telecommunications system. The nature and operation of such systems is known to those skilled in the art, and will not be discussed in detail.
Instead of directly transferring data, the data may be transferred on a data carrier. FIG. 4 shows a gun which is adapted to receive a data carrier 70. This may be an electronic token such as a smart card, or a SIM card, a memory card (eg flash card, PROM, EPROM, etc or a memory stick). It may alternatively be a disk or tape type device such as a floppy disk, CD ROM, DVD), etc. The gun includes a suitable location 71 for receiving a data carrier and including means for transferring data to and/or from the carrier. These means will be apparent to the skilled reader. Card readers, for example, or disk drive/control mechanisms are widely available.
The gun may be one with or without a display 8. The carrier may be removed from the gun when desired and used to input data into a cooperating means associated with a terminal. For example, if the carrier is a smart card, then a smart card reader can be integrated or connected to any terminal (PC, PDA, watch, gas regulator, gun components, etc).
With a data carrier, the manufacturer or supplier of a gun can easily provide product (software) upgrades or view or supply various types of information.
Among the features which may be monitored and/or displayed locally and/or remotely are:
Temperature (working and ambient)
Dwell (value opening time)
ROF (rate of fire achieved)
MROF (maximum rate of fire limit)
Dwell (time of value opening)
Modes (style of shooting, semi auto etc)
Pressures (working pressures)
Battery Condition
Cycles (total shots fired)
Trip (resettable shot counter)
Backlighting (for improved visibility)
Vibrator (timer alarm)
Optical (timer alarm)
Audio able (timer alarm)
Fault codes (self diagnostics)
Pin number (programmable electronic lock)
ID number (electronic ID number)
Factory resetting (sets to defaults)
Game timer with programmable alarms intervals and fixed intervals
Ability to change the state of the timer alarms.
Note that FIGS. 3 and 4 show a gas regulator adapted for communication (data transfer) with a paintball gun. The present invention also extends to a gas regulator having means for transferring data to and/or from any external terminal (as indicated schematically by dashed line 80).

## Claims

1. A paintball gun grip frame comprising:
a plurality of control buttons; 
a processing unit coupled to the control buttons for controlling operation of the gun, the processing unit generating gun operation data including monitoring information gathered during operation of the gun; and 
a data communication link coupled to the processing unit, the data communication link electronically transmitting the gun operation data to a remote terminal.

2. The grip frame of claim 1, wherein the data communication link is configured for wired communication.

3. The grip frame of claim 1, wherein the data communication link is configured for wireless communication.

4. The grip frame of claim 1, wherein the monitoring information includes at least one of temperature, dwell time, rate of fire, maximum rate of fire, firing mode, pressure, battery condition, total shots, and identification number.

5. The grip frame of claim 1, wherein the gun operation data is transmitted in real-time.

6. The grip frame of claim 1, wherein the gun operation data is transmitted to the remote terminal for display of the gun operation data.

7. The grip frame of claim 1, wherein the gun operation data is transmitted to the remote terminal for storing the gun operation data.

8. The grip frame of claim 1, wherein the gun operation data is transmitted in real-time.