HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) DOCUMENTATION RECORD COVER SHEET

Name of Site: Beck’s Lake

EPA ID No.: IND980904379 

Contact Person

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Region V: 

Patrick Hamblin, National Priorities List Coordinator 

77 West Jackson Boulevard, Mail Code: SR-6J 

Chicago, Illinois 60604 

(312) 886-6312 

Site Investigation: Mark Jaworski

Indiana Department of Environment Management 

100 Senate Avenue 

Indianapolis, Indiana 46204 

(317) 233-2407 

Pathways, Components or Threats Not Scored 

Ground Water Pathway: The ground water migration pathway has not been scored because, based on 

information available at this time, evaluation of the ground water migration pathway would not 

significantly affect the listing decision. 

Surface Water Pathway: The Surface Water Pathway has not been scored at this time because, based on 

information available at this time, evaluation of the surface threat pathway would not significantly affect 

the listing decision.

Air Pathway: The air migration pathway has not been scored because, based on information available at 

this time, evaluation of the air migration pathway would not significantly affect the listing decision. 
1

HRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD

Name of Site: Beck’s Lake 

Date Prepared: May 2013 

EPA Region: V 

Street Address*: Intersection of Washington and Falcon Streets 

City, County, State, Zip Code: South Bend, Saint Joseph County, Indiana, 46619 (Figure 1) 

(Ref. 3, p. 1)

General Location in State: North-central portion of Indiana in the City of South Bend (Ref. 

3, p. 1) 

Topographic Map: U.S. Geological Survey 7.5-Minute Series Topographic Map of 

South Bend West, Indiana, Quadrangle, 1969, Photorevised 1986 

(Ref. 3, p. 1) 

Latitude*: 41○

 40’ 35.69” North (Ref. 3, p. 1; Ref. 4A, p. 1; 4B; Figure 2) 

Longitude*: 86○

 17’ 51.05” West (Ref. 3, p. 1; Ref. 4A, p. 1; 4B; Figure 2) 

The latitude and longitude listed above mark the approximate location of surface soil sample S6 collected 

from LaSalle Park Homes (Ref. 4A; 4B; Figure 2). 

*The street address, coordinates, and contaminant locations presented in this HRS documentation record 

identify the general area the Site is located. They represent one or more locations EPA considers to be 

part of the Site based on the screening information EPA used to evaluate the Site for NPL listing. EPA 

lists national priorities among the known “releases or threatened releases” of hazardous substances; thus, 

the focus is on the release, not precisely delineated boundaries. A Site is defined as where a hazardous 

substance has been “deposited, stored, disposed, or placed, or has otherwise come to be located.” 

Generally, HRS scoring and the subsequent listing of a release merely represent the initial determination 

that a certain area may need to be addressed under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, 

Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). A ccordingly, EPA contemplates that the preliminary 

description of facility boundaries at the time of scoring will be refined as more information is developed 

as to where the contamination has come to be located.

Scores

Groundwater Migration Pathway - Not Scored

Surface Water Migration Pathway - Not Scored

Soil Exposure Pathway - 100.00 

Air Migration Pathway - Not Scored

HRS SITE SCORE 50.00 
2

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING HRS SITE SCORE

 S S2 

1. Groundwater Migration Pathway Score (Sgw) 

 (from Table 3-1, line 13) NS ---

2a. Surface Water Overland/Flood Migration Component 

 (from Table 4-1, line 30) NS ---

2b Groundwater to Surface Water Migration Component 

(from Table 4-25, line 28) NS ---

2c. Surface Water Migration Pathway Score (Ssw) 

(enter the larger of lines 2a and 2b as the pathway score) NS ---

3. Soil Exposure Pathway Score (Ss) 

 (from Table 5-1, line 22) 100.00 10,000.00 

4. Air Migration Pathway Score (Sa) 

 (from Table 6-1, line 12) NS ---

5. Total of Sgw

2

 + Ssw 2

+ Ss

2 + Sa2 10,000.00 

6. HRS Site Score 50.00 

Divide the value on line 5 by 4 and take the square root.

Note:

NS = Not Scored
3

TABLE 5-1 –SOIL EXPOSURE PATHWAY SCORESHEET

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum 

Value Value Assigned

Resident Population Threat

Likelihood of Exposure:

1. Likelihood of Exposure 550 550

Waste Characteristics:

2. Toxicity (a) 10,000

3. Hazardous Waste Quantity (a) 10

4. Waste Characteristics 100 18

Targets:

5. Resident Individual 50 50

6. Resident Population:

6a. Level I Concentrations (b) 890

6b. Level II Concentrations (b) NS

6c. Population (lines 6a + 6b) (b) 890

7. Workers 15 NS

8. Resources 5 0

9. Terrestrial Sensitive Environments (c) 0

10. Targets (lines 5 + 6c + 7 + 8 + 9) (b) 940

Resident Population Threat Score

11. Resident Population Threat Score (lines 1 x 4 x 10) (b) 9,306,000

Nearby Population Threat

Likelihood of Exposure:

12. Attractiveness/Accessibility 100 NS

13. Area of Contamination 100 NS

14. Likelihood of Exposure 500 NS NS

Waste Characteristics:

15. Toxicity (a) NS

16. Hazardous Waste Quantity (a) NS

17. Waste Characteristics 100 NS

Targets:

18. Nearby Individual 1 NS

19. Population Within 1 Mile (b) NS

20. Targets (lines 18 + 19) (b) NS

Nearby Population Threat Score

21. Nearby Population Threat (lines 14 x 17 x 20) (b) NS

Soil Exposure Pathway Score:

22. Pathway Scorec (Ss), [lines (11+21)/82,500, Subject to 

max of 100]

100 100.00

Notes:

a Maximum value applies to waste characteristics category

b Maximum value not applicable

c Do not round to nearest integer

NS = Not scored
Figure 1

Area Location Map

750 E. Bunker Ct., Suite 500

Vernon Hills, Illinois 60061

WESTON

SOLUTIONS, INC

Prepared By:

EP-S5-06-04

Prepared for:

U.S. EPA. REGION V

Contract No:

TDD: S05-0008-1209-003

DCN: 1982-2A-BBRT

Beck's Lake

South Bend, Indiana

SITE

J:\CAD93\000\08012.dwg, 4/16/2013 4:21:00 PM
South 

Contract No: EP-S5-06-04 TDD: S05-0008-1209-003DCN: 1982-2A-BCEL

0 300

Feet

FILE: D:\Beck_Lake_HRS\mxd\F2_AOC-A_Source1.mxd 11:07:10 AM 3/21/2013 wojdakon LegendAOC Sample Locations (S06, S08, and S14) Source 1 Sample Locations (S51, S52, S53, S54, and S55)

Image Source: ESRI Bing Maps

Prepared for: U.S. EPA REGION V

Prepared By:WESTONSOLUTIONS, INC

750 E. Bunker Court

Suite 500

Vernon Hills, Illinois 60061

Refs: 5, PP. 18, 271
6

REFERENCES

1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). H azard Ranking System, Final Rule, 55 Federal 

Register (FR) 51532. December 14, 1990. 138 pages. An electronic copy of the HRS is available at: 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/hrsres/index.htm#HRS Rule 

Note: A complete copy of the Hazard Ranking System, Final Rule, can be obtained at the Regional 

docket upon request.

2. EPA. Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM), SCDM Data Versions: Jan. 27, 2004 and March 

31, 2012. Excerpt. 4 pages. A complete copy of SCDM is available at: 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/hrsres/tools/scdm.htm. 

3. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). 1969. 7.5-Minute Series Topographic Map: South Bend West, 

Indiana, Scale 1:24,000. Photorevised 1986. 1 page 

4a. Weston Solutions Inc. (WESTON). Longitude and Latitude Calculations for Beck’s Lake Site by

Megan Abbot, October 31, 2012. 1 page.

4b. Weston Solutions Inc. (WESTON). Longitude and Latitude Location for Sample S6 on U.S.

Geological Survey (USGS). 1969. 7.5-Minute Series Topographic Map: South Bend West, Indiana, 

Scale 1:24,000. Photorevised 1986. 1 page. 

5. Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM). Expanded Site Inspection 2 R eport, 

Beck’s Lake Site, St. Joseph County, Indiana. December 20, 2009. 289 pages.

6. Ecology and Environment. Screening Site Inspection Report, The Beck’s Lake Site South Bend, 

Indiana. June 7, 1989. 76 pages.

7. Pollution Control Systems Incorporated, 1982, Analytical Results to Mr. Gerald J. Budzin of Bendix, 

February 15, 1982. 3 pages.

8. Susanne Buthman, Preliminary Assessment for Beck’s Lake site, ERRIS Executive Summary, 

Indiana. May 31, 1985. 1 page.

9. IDEM. Brownfield Environmental Assessment Report for LaSalle Park/Beck’s Lake, South Bend, 

Indiana. November 14, 2002. 565 pages.

10. IDEM. Reassessment Report for LaSalle Park/Beck’s Lake, South Bend, Indiana. March 9, 2007. 

166 pages. 

11. IDEM, Affidavit prepared by Timothy R. Johnson, State Cleanup Section, IDEM. October 29, 2012. 

1 page. 

12. IDEM, Sampling Work Plan for Expanded Site Assessment prepared by Tim Johnson of IDEM. 

October 1, 2009. 19 pages. 
7

13. IDEM, Sample Field Data Sheet, Beck’s Lake site, South Bend, Indiana. October 5 and 6, 2009. 40 

pages.

13a. IDEM, Affidavit prepared by Timothy Johnson, IDEM. February 19, 2013. 1 page 

14. IDEM, Arsenic Concentration Map for Beck’s Lake, South Bend, Indiana. Prepared by Kim Vedder. 

January 12, 2010. 1 page. 

15. U.S. EPA, Contract Laboratory Program, Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis, ILM05.3. 

March 2004. 93 pages. 

16. U.S. EPA, ILM05.3 to ILM05.4 Summary of Changes. December 1, 2006. 5 pages. 

17. U.S. EPA, CLP Analytical Results for Beck’s Lake Site, SDG ME2QTO, ME2QW4, SDG ME2QX7. 

November 17, 2009. 154 pages. 

17A. Weston Solutions, Inc., Percent Moisture Calculations performed by Omprakash S. Patel, January 

25, 2013. 1 page. 

17B. Weston Solutions, Inc., Sample Quantitation Limit Calculations performed by Omprakash S. Patel, 

January 25, 2013. 2 pages. 

18. IDEM, 1938 Close-Up Aerial Photograph for Beck’s Lake, South Bend, Indiana. 1 page. 

 

19. IDEM, 1951 Close-Up Aerial Photograph for Beck’s Lake, South Bend, Indiana. 1 page. 

 

20. IDEM, 1957 Close-Up Aerial Photograph for Beck’s Lake, South Bend, Indiana. 1 page. 

21. WESTON Solutions Inc., Map showing 200-feet radius distance from sample locations S6, S8 and 

S14. October 30, 2012. 4 pages.

22. St. Joseph County, Parcel Information for LaSalle Park Homes, 1 page 

23. Harding Lawson Associates, Tier II Criteria Comparison, Voluntary Site Investigation, AlliedSignal 

Industrial Complex, South Bend, Indiana. October 1999. 661 pages. 

24. History of New Carlisle Test Facility, downloaded from Web on February 19, 2013. 1 page. 

Link http://www.bosch.us/content/language1/html/7666.htm. 

25. Elkhart County and St. Joseph County, Indiana GIS Website, Parcel information for area east of 

LaSalle Park, Elkhart County and St. Joseph County. 1 page. 

26. Fax Transmittal from Gloria Buckhanon of LaSalle Park Homes to Mark Jaworski, of IDEM. 

January 29, 2012. 2 pages. 
8

27. IDEM, Letter from Mark Jaworski regarding addresses located on North Falcon Street South Bend, 

Indiana, with 4-page attachment. 5 pages.

28. Toeroek Associates, Inc. Letter with attachments to Mike Rafati, U.S, EPA Region 5. Subject: Title 

Search – Beck’s Lake Site; Follow Up. January 31, 2013. 5 pages. 

29. Weston Solutions, Inc., Area Calculation for Source 1 performed by Omprakash S. Patel, March 26, 

2013. 2 pages.
9

1.0 SITE DESCRIPTION

The Beck’s Lake site consists of a landfill and contaminated soil located at and near the 

intersection of Washington and Falcon Streets on the northwest side of South Bend, Indiana, and 

adjacent to LaSalle Park (Ref. 5, p.10). Portions of the current LaSalle Park were used as a 

dump and landfill from about 1938 through the mid-1950s (Refs. 5, p. 12; 6, p. 9) . Numerous 

companies and individuals, including Bendix Corporation, reportedly dumped a variety of 

materials containing hazardous substances at this location (Ref. 5, pp. 12, 13, 284 t hrough 289). 

Waste materials included, but were not limited to: asbestos, plating wastes, solvents, paint 

wastes, oils and sludges and foundry sand (Ref. 5, pp. 285-289). Foundry sand and hydroxide 

sludge contained, among other contaminants, arsenic (Refs. 5, p. 28 8; 7, pp.1 -3). Aerial 

photographs from 1938 and 1951 appear to show fill material being dumped in the western half 

of what is now LaSalle Park (Ref. 5, p.13). 

The area surrounding LaSalle Park consists mostly of older single- and multi-family residences 

in a typical urban setting (Ref. 5, p. 10, 12). Directly adjacent to LaSalle Park on the west across 

Falcon Street is a new complex of subsidized housing and apartments called LaSalle Park Homes 

(Ref. 5, p. 10, 12) . The dumping area is evident on a 1951 historical aerial photograph of the 

area, extending to the edge of the partial road which is now Falcon Street and some truck paths 

extending beyond the edge of the partial road into the area that is now part of the LaSalle Park 

Homes (Ref. 19, p. 1) . Therefore, it appears from historical aerial photographs that before the 

LaSalle Park Homes were built, the waste that was deposited in the Beck’s Lake landfill could 

also have been deposited on the current LaSalle Park Homes property. 

The area of concern includes the dump area and the area immediately surrounding LaSalle Park, 

to the west and south-southwest where levels of arsenic elevated above background levels were 

identified during the 2001 Brownfields Environmental Assessment and the 1996 i nitial 

Expanded Site Inspection (ESI) for the site (Ref. 5, p. 10; and Table 6 of this HRS 

documentation record). Results of the 2009 ESI (the ESI 2) included three soil samples at the 

LaSalle Park Homes with arsenic concentrations above background and above health-based 
10

benchmarks (Table 10 of this HRS documentation record). The site score incorporates Level I 

contamination in the soil exposure pathway based on these three soil samples at the LaSalle Park 

Homes residential properties. 

1.1 PREVIOUS INVESTIGATIONS

Beck’s Lake was entered in the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and 

Liability Information System (CERCLIS) in April 1984 (Ref. 5, p. 8). A Preliminary 

Assessment (PA) was completed in 1985 by the Indiana State Board of Health (Refs. 5, p. 8; 6, 

p. 73; 7, p. 1; 8, p.1). A Screening Site Inspection (SSI) was conducted on April 20, 1988 by 

Ecology and Environment, a U.S. EPA contractor (Ref. 6, p. 7). An ESI was conducted by U.S. 

EPA on March 8, 1996, resulting in a No Further Remedial Action Planned (NFRAP) 

designation (Ref. 5, pp. 8). Based on the findings of a Brownfields Environmental Assessment 

that was conducted in 2001 by the Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM), 

the U.S. EPA gave approval to reopen the Site and a Site Reassessment was conducted on June 

13, 2003 (Ref. 5, pp. 8, 9). Following the Site Reassessment, an ESI 2 was conducted at Beck’s 

Lake (Ref. 5, pp. 8, 9). 

The SSI was conducted to determine whether Target Compound List (TCL) compounds or 

Target Analyte List (TAL) analytes were present at the Site (Ref. 6, p.7) . The SSI included 

collection of one subsurface soil sample near the man-made hill at the park, one surface soil 

sample from the west side of the property, and three sediment samples from within Beck’s Lake

(Ref. 6, p. 15) . T he samples were analyzed for U.S. EPA TCL compounds by Cenref Labs, 

Brighton, Colorado, and TAL analytes by Post Buckley Schuh & Jernigan of Orlando, Florida 

(Ref. 6, pp. 15, 17). TCL compounds and TAL analytes were detected in soil samples at 

concentrations exceeding background levels (Ref. 6, p. 25). Specifically, fluoranthene was 

detected at a concentration of 26,000 micrograms per kilogram (μg/kg), pyrene was detected at 

21,000 μg/kg, chrysene was detected at 14,000 μg/kg, chromium was detected at 34 milligram 

per kilogram (mg/kg), lead was detected at 634 mg/kg, and manganese was detected at 957 

mg/kg (Ref. 6, p. 25). 
11

In October 2001, IDEM collected six surface soil samples from the property, four surface soil 

samples from private properties, three sediment samples from Beck’s Lake, three surface water 

samples from Beck’s Lake, and one off-property background surface soil sample (Ref. 9, pp. 17 -

19) as part of a Brownfields Environmental Assessment. Soil and sediment samples were 

analyzed for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), 

pesticides/polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), metals and cyanide by U.S. EPA Contract 

Laboratory Program (CLP) laboratories (Ref. 9, p.20). Soil and sediment samples were analyzed 

for VOCs, SVOCs, and pesticides/PCBs by Envirosystems Inc. of Columbia, Maryland (Ref. 9, 

p.20). Surface water organic samples were analyzed by SHEALY in California (Ref. 9, p.20). 

The inorganics (metals and cyanide) were analyzed by Chemtech Consulting Group, Englewood, 

New Jersey (Ref. 9, p.20). Arsenic was detected in several soil/sediment samples at 

concentrations ranging from 4.8 mg/kg to 20.9 mg/kg exceeding the IDEM Risk Based Closure

Residential Default Closure Level of 3.9 mg/kg (Ref. 9, pp.21, 35, 36).

In June 2003, IDEM conducted a Site Reassessment of the LaSalle Park/Beck’s Lake Site (Ref. 

10, p.10). During the reassessment, 22 surface soil samples (including one potential background 

soil sample and one duplicate) were collected (Ref. 10, pp. 16, 17). The samples were analyzed

for metals by Ceimic Corporation, Narragansett, Rhode Island (Ref. 10, pp. 62, 63) . Metals 

exceeding the site-specific background sample concentrations by three times include arsenic, 

lead, and chromium (Ref. 10, p. 26).

In October 2009, 36 surface soil samples (including six background soil samples) were collected 

from Beck’s Lake and surrounding residential properties (Ref. 5, p. 15) . Soil samples were 

analyzed by EPA CLP laboratory, A4 Scientific located in The Woodlands, Texas (Ref. 17, pp. 

11, 12, 63, 64, 109, 110 ). All samples were analyzed for metals and cyanide using CLP SOW 

ILM05.4 (Ref. 5, pp. 127, 128 ). Surface soil sample S34 w as mistakenly identified as 

background sample in the 2009 ESI 2 Report (Ref. 5, p. 18). Arsenic was detected in the soil 

samples collected from the LaSalle Park Homes area at concentrations exceeding three times the 

highest concentrations detected in the background surface soil samples (see Section 5.0.1 of this 

HRS documentation record). 
12

2.0 SOURCE DESCRIPTION

 2.2 Source Characterization

Source Description: Source 1 – Landfill 

Beck’s Lake property was used as a dump into the 1950s (Refs. 5, p. 12; 6, p.9). Historic aerial 

photographs indicate that dumping began at the Site as early as 1938 (Ref. 18, p. 1) . A 1984 

103(c) notification to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) from 

Bendix Corporation, a manufacturing facility for the automotive/aerospace industry, revealed 

that Bendix dumped a variety of hazardous wastes at the Beck’s Lake landfill until the mid1950s (Ref. 5, pp. 12, 13, 285 through 289). Materials listed on the 103(c) notification and 

attachments included, but were not limited to: asbestos, plating wastes, solvents, paint wastes, 

oils and sludges, and foundry sand. Foundry sand and hydroxide sludge contained, among other 

contaminants, arsenic (Refs. 5, p. 288; 7 pp. 1-3). In a companion notification to the St, Joseph 

County Health Department, Bendix indicated that it, together with numerous other companies 

and individuals, landfilled hazardous substances at Beck’s Lake (Ref. 5, p. 284) . During the 

IDEM 2009 ESI 2, the material at a depth of 2-5 feet in boring 5 is described to contain glass 

suggesting waste material within this depth (Ref. 13, p.38) . Observations made during this 

investigation revealed that the subsurface material in the LaSalle Park was of non-uniform color 

and contained glass and other unidentifiable foreign debris (Ref 13A. p.1). Aerial photographs 

from 1938 and 1951 appear to show fill material being dumped near the western half of the park

near what is now the parking area/playground area for the community center at the park and to 

the north toward Linden Road (Ref. 5, p. 13 ). This area used to be a lake called LaSalle Lake

(Ref. 5, p. 13) . No documentation could be found regarding what happened to the lake but the 

early aerial photographs show a faint outline of where the lake may have been (Ref. 5, p. 13). 

The samples listed in Table 1 were collected from LaSalle Park during the IDEM October 2009 

ESI 2 (Refs. 5, pp. 15 , 18; 13, pp. 34-39; 14, p .1) (see Figure 2 of this HRS documentation 

record). Samples were collected from the 2 and 7 feet bgs subsurface horizon (Ref. 5, p. 18). 

Field logs are provided in Reference 13, pages 34 through 39. C hain-of-custody records are 
13

provided in Reference 17, pages 109 and 110. The locations of the samples collected from the 

LaSalle Park are depicted on Reference 14, page 1. The description of waste samples is provided 

in Table 1 below and References 5, page 18; and 13, pages 34 through 39. 

Table 1: Waste Sample Description – October 2009

LaSalle Park 

Sample ID/

CLP ID Sample Location Depth(feet bgs)

Date

Sampled References

S51/ME2QY4 Taken from boring 1 west of backstop, west of 

basketball courts, at LaSalle Park 

6-7 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp. 

18, 49, 197, 

267; 13, 

p.34; 14, p. 

1 

S52/ME2QY5 Taken from boring 2, playground area west edge 

LaSalle Park

2-4 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp. 

18, 51, 197, 

267; 13, 

p.35; 14, p. 

1 

S53/ME2QY7 Taken from boring 3, depressional area on the north 

west edge of LaSalle Park

3-5 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp.

18, 198, 

267; 13, p. 

36; 14, p.1

S54/ME2QY8 Taken from boring 4 4-5 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp. 

18, 198, 

267; 13, 

p.37; 14, p. 

1

S55/ME2QY9 Taken from boring 5 2-5 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp. 

18, 51, 198. 

267; 13, 

p.38; 14, p. 

1

S56/ME2QY6 Taken from boring 2, playground area west edge 

LaSalle Park

2-5 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp.

18, 197, 

267; 13, p. 

39; 14, p.1

Notes:

bgs = Below ground surface 

CLP = Contract Laboratory Program

ID = Identification number 

Waste Sample Concentrations

The samples listed in Table 2 were collected during the October 2009, ESI 2 of LaSalle Park 

(Refs. 5, p. 15; 14, p. 1 ). Samples were analyzed by EPA CLP laboratory, A4 Scientific, The 

Woodland, Texas (Ref. 17, pp. 101, 109, 110 ). A ll samples were analyzed for metals and 
14

cyanide using CLP SOW ILM05.4 (Ref. 5, pp. 4, 56, 128, 192; 17, p. 111). The CRQLs are 

listed on page 93 of Reference 15 for Method ILM05.3. According to information presented on 

pages 1 through 5 for Reference 16, the CRQL for lead and arsenic were not changed for 

ILM05.4 and are the same as ILM05.3. The method detection limits and CRQLs are also listed 

on pages 45, 92, and 145 of Reference 17. The SQL for each analytical parameter listed in 

Table 2 was calculated and the calculations are presented in Reference 17B. Percent moisture 

for each sample was calculated and the calculations are presented in Reference 17A. The 

material at a depth of 2-5 feet in boring 5 is described to contain glass suggesting waste material 

within this depth (Ref. 13, p.38). The subsurface material in the LaSalle Park was of nonuniform color and contained glass and other unidentifiable foreign debris (Ref. 13A, p.1). 

The hazardous chemical constituents detected in the waste samples are summarized in Table 2 

below. 
TABLE 2: Analytical Results Waste Samples

LaSalle Park 

– October 2009

 

Sample ID/ CLP ID Hazardous 

Substance

Concentration 

mg/kg

Percent 

Moisture

CRQL/

MDL/SQL

(mg/kg)

References

S51/2QY4 Cadmium 149 11.7 0.5/0.16/0.19 Refs. 5, pp. 21, 191-195, 

Copper 736 2.5/0.7/0.95 197; 14, p. 1; 15, p. 93; 

Lead 1,860 1.0/0.38/0.28 16, pp. 1-5; 17, pp. 99-

105, 109, 111, 121, 145; 

17A, p. 1; 17B, pp. 1, 2

Zinc 657 6.0/2.2/2.59

S52/2QY5 Cadmium 6.4 12.2 0.5/0.16/0.19 Refs. 5, pp. 21, 191-195, 

197; 14, p. 1; 15, p. 93; 

16, pp. 1-5; 17, pp. 99-

105, 109, 111, 122, 145; 

17A, p. 1; 17B, pp. 1, 2

Chromium 36.3 1.0/0.37/0.36

Copper 987 2.5/0.7/0.95

Lead 1,030 1.0/0.38/0.28

Nickel 53.9 4.0/1.2/1.49

Zinc 2,130 6.0/2.2/2.58

S53/2QY7 Cadmium 19.6 36.0 0.5/0.16/0.19 Refs. 5, pp. 21, 191-195, 

198; 14, p. 1; 15, p. 93; 

16, pp. 1-5; 17, pp. 99-

105, 110, 111, 124, 145; 

17A, p. 1; 17B, pp. 1, 2 

Chromium 59.6 1.0/0.37/0.36

Copper 567 2.5/0.7/0.95

Lead 2,390 1.0/0.38/0.28

Nickel 206 4.0/1.2/1.49

Zinc 1,960 6.0/2.2/2.58

S54/2QY8 Cadmium 5.2 15.5 0.5/0.16/0.19 Refs. 5, pp. 21, 191-195, 

198; 14, p. 1; 15, p. 93; 

16, pp. 1-5;17, pp. 99-

105, 110, 111, 125, 145; 

17A, p. 1; 17B, pp. 1, 2

Chromium 53 1.0/0.37/0.36

Copper 169 2.5/0.7/0.95

Lead 730 1.0/0.38/0.28

Nickel 38.7 4.0/1.2/1.49

Zinc 853 6.0/2.2/2.58

S55/2QY9 Cadmium 6.6 25.0 0.5/0.16/0.19 Refs. 5, pp. 21, 191-195, 

198; 14, p. 1; 15, p. 93; 

16, pp. 1-5;17, pp. 99-

105, 110, 111, 126, 145; 

17A, p. 1; 17B, pp. 1, 2

Chromium 39.7 1.0/0.37/0.36

Copper 271 2.5/0.7/0.95

Lead 1,010 1.0/0.38/0.28

Nickel 55.1 4.0/1.2/1.49

Zinc 1,040 6.0/2.2/2.58

S56/2QY6 Arsenic 24.5 23.2 1.0/0.36/0.44 Refs. 5, pp. 21, 191-195, 

197; 14, p. 1; 15, p. 93; 

16, pp. 1-5;17, pp. 99-

105, 109, 111, 123, 145; 

17A, p. 1; 17B, pp. 1, 2

Notes: 

CLP = Contract Laboratory Program

CRQL = Contract Required Quantitation Limit, the substance-specific level that a CLP laboratory must be able to 

routinely and reliably detect in specific sample matrices. The CRQL is not the lowest detectable level achievable, 

but rather the level that a CLP laboratory should reliably quantify (Ref. 1, Sec. 1.1). 

ID = Identification number 

MDL = Method Detection Limit, the lowest quantity of hazardous substance that a method can detect reliably in 

either a sample or blank (Ref. 1, Sec. 1.1). 

15
ID = Identification number 

MDL = Method Detection Limit, the lowest quantity of hazardous substance that a method can detect reliably in 

either a sample or blank (Ref. 1, Sec. 1.1). 

SQL = Sample Quantitation Limit, the quantity of a substance that can be reasonably quantified given the limits of 

detection for the methods of analysis and sample characteristics that may affect quantitation (e.g. dilution, 

concentration) (Ref. 1, Sec. 1.1). 

mg/kg = milligram per kilogram

2.2.3 HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AVAILABLE TO A PATHWAY

Containment Description

Gas release to air: Not scored

Particulate release to air: Not scored

Release to ground water: Not scored 

Release via overland migration and/or flood: Not scored

2.4.2 HAZARDOUS WASTE QUANTITY

2.4.2.1.1. Hazardous Constituent Quantity

Description

The hazardous constituent quantity for Source No. 1 could not be adequately determined according to the 

HRS requirements; that is, the total mass of all Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, 

and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances in the source is not known and cannot be estimated 

with reasonable confidence (Ref. 1, Section 2.4.2.1.1). There are insufficient historical and current data 

(Manifests, PRP records, State records, permits, waste concentration data, etc.) available to adequately 

calculate the total mass of all CERCLA hazardous substances in the source and the associated releases 

from the source. Therefore, there is insufficient information to evaluate the associated releases from the 

source to calculate the hazardous constituent quantity for Source No. 1 with reasonable confidence. 

Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value: NS

2.4.2.1.2. Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

Description

The hazardous wastestream quantity for Source No. 1 could not be adequately determined according to 

the HRS requirements; that is, the total mass of all hazardous wastestreams and CERCLA pollutants and 

contaminants in the source is not known and cannot be estimated with reasonable confidence (Ref. 1, 

Section 2.4.2.1.1). There are insufficient historical and current data (Manifests, PRP records, State 

records, permits, etc.) available to adequately calculate the total mass of all hazardous wastestreams and 

16
17

CERCLA pollutants and contaminants in the source and the associated releases from the source. 

Therefore, there is insufficient information to evaluate the associated releases from the source to calculate 

the hazardous wastestream quantity for Source No. 1 with reasonable confidence. 

2.4.2.1.3. Volume

Description

The information available is not sufficient to evaluate source volume. A sufficient number of samples 

were not collected that would statistically represent the range of contaminant concentrations throughout 

the depth of the source, therefore, source volume is not scored (NS). As a result, the evaluation of 

hazardous waste quantity proceeds to the evaluation of area (Ref. 1, Section 2.4.2.1.3). 

Sum (yd3

/gal): 

Equation for Assigning Value (Ref. 1, Table 2-5): 

Volume Assigned Value: NS

2.4.2.1.4. Area

Description

The area of Source 1 was calculated using the 5 samples collected in this source during the IDEM 2009 

ESI 2: samples S51, S52, S53, S54 and S55 (Ref. 29). 

Sum (ft2): 141,750 

Equation for Assigning Value (Ref. 1, Table 2-5): 141,750 / 3,400 = 41.691176 

Area Assigned Value: 41.691176 

2.4.2.1.5. Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Highest assigned value assigned from Ref. 1, Table 2-5: 41.691176 

2.0 SOURCE DESCRIPTION

 2.2 Source Characterization

Source Description: Source 2 – Contaminated Soil 

Please see Soil Exposure Pathway, Area of Observed Contamination A (AOC A) for 

characterization of this source.
18

SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source 

No.

Source 

Hazardous 

Waste 

Quantity

Value

Source 

Hazardous 

Constituent 

Quantity 

Complete? 

(Y/N)

Containment Factor Value by Pathway

Ground Water 

(GW)

(Ref. 1, Table 

3-2) 

Surface Water (SW) Air

Overland/flood 

(Ref. 1, Table 4-2)

GW to SW 

(Ref. 1, Table 3-2)

Gas

(Ref. 1, Table 6-3)

Particulate 

(Ref. 1, Table 6-9)

1 41.691176 N NS NS NS NS NS

2 Unknown, 

> 0

N NS NS NS NS NS
19

5.0 SOIL EXPOSURE PATHWAY

5.0.1 General Considerations 

The area of observed soil contamination is documented in accordance with Section 5.0.1 of the 

HRS (Ref. 1, S ection 5.0.1). The area of observed soil contamination is delineated by the 

locations of soil samples documenting concentrations of hazardous substances at three times 

above background concentration or above sample detection limits if the background is nondetect, and the area lying between those locations, minus the areas covered by impenetrable 

surfaces (such as houses, roads, and sidewalks) (Ref. 1, Section 5.0.1). 

Letter by which this area is to be identified: A 

Name and description of the area: Soil Samples S6, S8 and S14 collected from the LaSalle 

Park Homes (Area of observed contamination A) 

Location of the area, with reference to a map of the site: The area (surface soil samples S6, 

S8 and S15) is shown on Figure 2 provided with this HRS documentation record 

IDEM LaSalle Park/Beck’s Lake Expanded Site Inspection Report 2 

The investigation-specific background soil samples listed in Table 3 were collected during the 

IDEM October 2009, ESI 2 of LaSalle Park/Beck’s Lake (Ref. 5, pp. 8, 17, 18). The background 

soil samples for this investigation were collected from the residential properties away from 

Beck’s Lake (Ref. 5, p. 18) . The background soil samples were collected from the upper 6 

inches of the soil horizon (Ref.5, p. 18). These locations were chosen to represent background 

conditions because: (1) the soil type at the background sample locations are similar to the soil 

types at the locations of samples collected from Area of Observed Contamination (AOC) A; (2) 

theses sampling locations are at a distance away from Beck’s Lake and appear to be minimally 

affected by operations at Beck’s Lake; (3) samples were collected within same time period 

(October 5 and 6, 2009), therefore, under the same weather conditions; (4) samples were 

collected at the same depth of 0 to 6-inches; (5) samples were collected by the same sampling 

team and samples were collected in accordance with the approved Work Plan (Refs. 5, p. 18; 12, 

pp. 1-19; 13, pp. 1-14). 
20

Background and contaminated soil samples were collected during the same sampling event, from 

the same type of soil (black to dark brown sandy loam or sandy soil), by the same sampling team 

and therefore using similar sampling procedures (Ref. 13, pp. 5, 14, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30 ). The 

background surface soil samples were collected in accordance with the approved 2009 IDEM 

ESI 2 Work Plan for Beck’s Lake (Ref. 12, p. 7). The locations of the background soil samples 

are described in Reference 5, page 18 and depicted in Reference 14, page 1. Chain-of-custody 

records are provided in Reference 17, pages 64 and 109. Field logs are provided in Reference 

13, pages 24 through 26 and 28 through 30. The description of each background soil sample is 

provided in Table 3 below.

Table 3: AOC A Background Soil Sample Description – October 6, 2009 

Sample ID/

CLP ID Sample Location

Depth

(inches 

bgs)

Date

Sampled References

S31/ME2QX4

Collected from bare area, 

south side of the front 

yard, approximately 2,800 

feet southeast of the park. 

0-6 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp. 18, 133; 13, p. 24; 14, p.1

S32/ME2QX5

Collected from south side 

of back yard near chain 

link fence, approximately 

2,480 feet south of the 

park. 

0-6 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp. 18, 134; 13. p. 25; 14, p.1

S35/ME2QX8

Collected from a 

residential yard, 

approximately 3,280 feet 

west of the park.

0-6 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp. 18, 196;13, p. 28; 14, p.1

S36/ME2QX9

Collected from a

residential yard, 

approximately 3,120 feet 

north of the park. 

0-6 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp. 18, 196; 13, p. 29; 14, p.1

S37/ME2QY0

Collected from a 

residential yard, 

approximately 3,680 feet 

northwest of the park.

0-6 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp. 18, 196; 13, p. 30; 14, p.1

Notes:

AOC = Area of Observed Contamination 

bgs = Below ground surface 

CLP = Contract Laboratory Program

ID = Identification number 
21

Background Concentrations 

The investigation-specific background soil samples listed in Table 4 were collected by IDEM 

during the October 2009, ESI 2 of LaSalle Park/Beck’s Lake investigation (Ref. 5, p. 15, 18). 

Soil samples were analyzed by EPA CLP laboratory, A4 Scientific Englewood, New Jersey (Ref. 

17, pp. 55, 64, 101, 109). All samples were analyzed for metals and cyanide using CLP SOW 

ILM05.4 (Refs. 5, pp. 127, 128 , 191, 192; 17, pp. 56, 102). The contract-required quantitation 

limits (CRQL) are listed on page 93 of Reference 15 for Method ILM05.3. According to 

information presented on pages 1 through 5 for Reference 16, the CRQLs for lead and arsenic 

were not changed for ILM05.4 (the updated SOW from December 2006), and are the same as 

ILM05.3. The CRQLs and method detection limits are listed in Reference 17, pages 45, 92, and 

145. The SQL for each analytical parameter listed in Table 4 was calculated and the calculations 

are presented in Reference 17B. P ercent moisture for each sample was calculated and the 

calculations are presented in Reference 17A. The highest arsenic concentration in the 

background soil samples was 9.7 mg/kg in samples S35 and S36 (Ref 5, p. 196). 

Surface soil sample S34 was mistakenly identified as background sample in 2009 ESI 2 Report 

(Refs. 5, p. 18 ; 11, p. 1 ). T he initially designated background soil sample S33 appears to be 

much closer to the AOC and therefore, is also not considered as a background sample. 
22

TABLE 4: Analytical Results for AOC A Background Soil Samples – October 2009

Sample ID/ CLP 

ID

Hazardous 

Substance

Concentration

mg/kg

Percent 

Moisture

CRQL/MDL/SQL

mg/kg

References

S31/ME2QX4 Arsenic 2.7 14.1 1/0.36/0.39 Refs. 5, pp. 133; 

13, p. 24;14, p.1; 

15, p. 93; 16, pp. 1-

5;17, pp. 55-58, 61, 

64- 66, 77, 92; 

17A, p.1; 17B, 

pp.1, 2 

S32/ME2QX5 Arsenic 3.4 23.2 1/0.36/0.43 Refs. 5, pp. 134; 

13, p. 25;14, p.1; 

15, p. 93; 16, pp. 1-

5; 17, pp. 55-58, 

62, 64-66, 78, 92; 

17A, p.1; 17B, 

pp.1, 2 

S35/ME2QX8 Arsenic 9.7 36.4 1/0.36/0.53 Refs. 5, pp. 196 ; 

13, p. 28;14, p.1; 

15, 93; 16, pp. 1-5; 

17, pp. 101-106, 

109, 111, 115, 145; 

17A, p.1; 17B, 

pp.1, 2 

S36/ME2QX9 Arsenic 9.7 17.2 1/0.36/0.40 Refs. 5, pp. 196 ; 

13, p. 29;14, p.1; 

15, 93;16, pp. 1-5; 

17, pp. 101-106, 

109, 111, 116, 145; 

17A, p.1; 17B, 

pp.1, 2 

S37/ME2QY0 Arsenic 7.9 20.6 1/.036/0.42 Refs. 5, pp. 196; 

13, p. 30;14, p.1; 

15, 93;16, pp. 1-5; 

17, pp. 101-106, 

109, 111, 117, 145; 

17A, p.1; 17B, 

pp.1, 2 

Notes:

AOC = Area of observed contamination 

CLP = Contract Laboratory Program 

CRQL = Contract Required Quantitation Limit, the substance-specific level that a CLP laboratory must be able to 

routinely and reliably detect in specific sample matrices. The CRQL is not the lowest detectable level achievable, 

but rather the level that a CLP laboratory should reliably quantify (Ref. 1, Sec. 1.1). 

ID = Identification number 

MDL = Method Detection Limit, the lowest quantity of hazardous substance that a method can detect reliably in 

either a sample or blank (Ref. 1, Sec. 1.1). 

SQL = Sample Quantitation Limit, the quantity of a substance that can be reasonably quantified given the limits of 

detection for the methods of analysis and sample characteristics that may affect quantitation (e.g. dilution, 

concentration) (Ref. 1, Sec. 1.1). 

mg/Kg = milligram per kilogram
23

Contaminated Samples 

The soil samples listed in Table 5 were collected from the residential properties during the IDEM 

October 2009 ESI 2 (Refs. 5, pp. 15, 17; 13, pp. 7, 9, 10, 14; 14, p.1) (see Figure 2 of this HRS 

documentation record). Soil samples were collected from the 0 to 6 inches bgs soil horizon (Ref. 

5, p. 17). Field logs are provided in Reference 13, pages 7, 9, 10 and 14. C hain-of-custody 

records are provided in Reference 13, pages 11 and 63. The locations of the soil samples 

collected from the residential properties are depicted on Reference 14, page 1. The description 

of contaminated soil samples is provided in Table 5 below and References 5, page 17; and 13, 

pages 7, 9, 10 and 14. 

Table 5: AOC Contaminated Soil Sample Description – October 2009

LaSalle Park Homes

Sample ID/

CLP ID Sample Location

Depth

(inches 

bgs)

Date

Sampled References

S6/2QT6 Soil sample collected from LaSalle Park Homes,

Senior residence, grassy strip on north boundary

0-6 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp. 17, 61;

13, p.7; 14, p. 1

S8/2QT81 Soil sample collected from LaSalle Park Homes, 

Senior residence, grassy strip on north boundary

0-6 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp. 17, 61; 

13, p.9; 14, p. 1

S14/2QW4 Soil sample collected from front yard of a 

residence near the LaSalle Park

0-6 10/6/2009 Refs. 5, pp. 7, 132; 

13, p. 14; 14, p.1

Notes: 1 A duplicate sample S9/2QT9 was also collected at this location (Ref. 5, p. 17; 13, pp. 9, 10; 17, p. 11). 

AOC = Area of observed contamination 

bgs = Below ground surface 

CLP = Contract Laboratory Program

ID = Identification number 

Contaminated Sample Concentrations

The soil samples listed in Table 6 were collected during the October 2009, ESI 2 of LaSalle 

Park/Beck’s Lake (Refs. 5, p. 15; 14, p. 1). Soil samples were analyzed by EPA CLP laboratory, 

A4 Scientific Englewood, New Jersey (Ref. 17, pp. 3, 11, 55, 63). All samples were analyzed 

for metals and cyanide using CLP SOW ILM05.4 (Ref. 5, pp. 4, 56, 128, 192). The CRQLs are 

listed on page 93 of Reference 15 for Method ILM05.3. According to information presented on 

pages 1 through 5 for Reference 16, the CRQLs for lead and arsenic were not changed for 

ILM05.4 and are the same as ILM05.3. The method detection limits and CRQLs are also listed 

on pages 45, 92, and 145 of Reference 17. The SQL for each analytical parameter listed in Table 
24

6 was calculated and the calculations are presented in Reference 17B. Percent moisture for each 

sample was calculated and the calculations are presented in Reference 17A.

Arsenic concentrations ranged from 2.7 to 9.7 mg/kg in the five background samples (S31, S32, 

S35, S36 and S37) collected during the ESI 2 (Refs. 5, pp. 133, 134, 196; 17, pp. 61, 62, 64, 77-

76, 106, 109, 115-117). The highest concentration of arsenic (9.7 mg/kg) was detected in the 

background samples S35 and S36 (Refs. 5, pp. 1 96, 17, pp. 115, 116 ). Three times the highest 

background concentration for arsenic is 29.1 mg/kg (3 times 9.7 mg/kg). The hazardous chemical 

constituents in surface soil samples that exceeded three times the highest concentrations detected 

in the background samples are listed in Table 6 below. 

 

TABLE 6: Analytical Results for AOC A Soil Sample – October 2009

LaSalle Park Homes

Sample ID/ 

CLP ID

Hazardous 

Substance

Concentration

mg/kg

Percent 

Moisture

CRQL/

MDL/SQL

(mg/kg)

References

S6/2QT6 Arsenic 34.3 23.1 1/0.36/0.44 Refs. 5, pp. 20, 39, 55-59, 61; 

15, p. 93; 16, pp. 1-5; 17, pp. 3-

7, 9, 11, 13, 22, 45; 17A, p.1; 

17B, pp.1, 2 

S8/2QT81 Arsenic 29.4 21.4 1/0.36/0.43 Refs. 5, pp. 20, 55-59, 61; 15, 

p. 93; 16, pp. 1-5; 17, pp. 3-7, 

9, 11, 13, 24, 45; 17A, p.1; 

17B, pp.1, 2 

S14/2QW4 Arsenic 30.8 21.1 1/0.36/0.43 Refs. 5, pp. 20, 127-132; 15, p. 

93; 16, pp. 1-5; 17, pp. 55-59, 

63, 65, 68, 92; 17A, p.1; 17B, 

pp.1, 2 

Notes: 1 – The duplicate sample S9 collected at this location had higher concentration (32.7 mg/kg) than the 

investigative sample S8 (Refs. 5, pp. 17; 13, p. 10 17, pp. 9, 11, 25)

AOC = Area of observed contamination 

CLP = Contract Laboratory Program

CRQL = Contract Required Quantitation Limit, the substance-specific level that a CLP laboratory must be able to 

routinely and reliably detect in specific sample matrices. The CRQL is not the lowest detectable level achievable, 

but rather the level that a CLP laboratory should reliably quantify (Ref. 1, Sec. 1.1). 

ID = Identification number 

MDL = Method Detection Limit, the lowest quantity of hazardous substance that a method can detect reliably in 

either a sample or blank (Ref. 1, Sec. 1.1). 

SQL = Sample Quantitation Limit, the quantity of a substance that can be reasonably quantified given the limits of 

detection for the methods of analysis and sample characteristics that may affect quantitation (e.g. dilution, 

concentration) (Ref. 1, Sec. 1.1). 

mg/kg = milligram per kilogram
25

Attribution

A 1984 103(c) notification to the U.S. EPA from Bendix Corporation, a manufacturing facility 

for the automotive/aerospace industry, along with a similar notification to the St. Joseph County 

Health Department, revealed that Bendix, together with other numerous companies and 

individuals, dumped hazardous substances at the Beck’s Lake landfill “at some time during the 

past 40 years,” i.e., up to the 1950s (Refs. 5, pp. 12, 13, 284). The waste disposed of at Beck’s 

Lake included asbestos, plating wastes, solvents, paint wastes, organics, inorganics, acids, bases, 

oils and sludge, and foundry sand that potentially contained arsenic and other contaminants 

(Refs. 5, pp.13, 285-289). Based on the available analytical results, the Bendix waste such as 

hydroxide sludge and foundry sand contained arsenic; therefore, the waste disposed by Bendix 

Corporation at the Beck’s Lake Site most likely contained arsenic (Refs. 5, p. 288; 7, pp.1-3).

The historical aerial photographs of the area show that Falcon Street was a partial street that 

ended in the middle of what was then the contiguous property that included the current LaSalle 

Park/Beck’s Lake and the LaSalle Park Homes (Refs. 5, p. 25; 18, p. 1; 19, p. 1; 20, p. 1). The 

dumping area is evident on the 1951 historical aerial photograph, extending to the edge of the 

partial road which is now Falcon Street and some truck paths extending beyond the edge of the 

partial road to the area that is now part of the LaSalle Park Homes (Refs. 5, p. 25; 19; p. 1;). 

Therefore, it appears from historical aerial photographs that before the LaSalle Park Homes were

built, the waste that was deposited in the western portion of LaSalle Park/Beck’s Lake was also 

likely deposited in the current LaSalle Park Homes property (Refs. 5, pp. 25, 26; 18, p. 1; 19; p. 

1; 20, p. 1). 

The contamination detected on the LaSalle Park Homes property could potentially be related to

LaSalle Park because cadmium, copper, chromium, lead, nickel and zinc detected in the waste 

samples collected from LaSalle Park were also detected at significantly high concentrations in 

surface soil samples S6 (cadmium and lead), S8 (cadmium, lead and zinc), S13 (cadmium, 

chromium, copper, lead, zinc, nickel) and S14 (cadmium, lead and zinc) collected from the 

LaSalle Park Homes property (Ref. 5, p. 20 and Table 2 of this HRS documentation record). The 

subsurface material in the LaSalle Park was of non-uniform color and contained glass and other 

unidentifiable foreign debris (Ref. 13A, p.1). Therefore, waste deposited in the LaSalle Park 

could potentially have been deposited on the LaSalle Park Homes property. The material at a 
26

depth of 2-5 feet in boring 5 is described to contain glass suggesting waste material within this 

depth (Ref. 13, p.38). 

Site-Wide Voluntary Site Investigation was performed at the AlliedSignal Industrial Complex 

located at 717 N orth Bendix Drive, South Bend, Indiana (Ref. 23, pp. 5, 7, 8) . During this 

investigation soil and groundwater at this location were characterized (Ref. 23, p. 7) . Soil 

samples collected at the property have been shown to contain arsenic at concentrations of 38 

mg/kg in a soil sample collected from 11GP005; 32 m g/kg in a soil sample collected from 

12GP003; and 47 mg/kg in a soil sample collected from 13GP001 (Ref. 23, pp. 142, 406, 416) . 

Groundwater samples collected from the site have been shown to exceed the MCL of 10 μg/l for 

arsenic in samples collected from 13GP004 (27 μg/l), MW-8 (20 μg/l), 09GP002 (17 μg/l), 

17GP001 (21 μg/l) and MW-6 (12 μg/l) (Ref 23. pp. 423, 541, 624, 626, 636, 637). The level of 

arsenic contamination in the soil and groundwater suggest that arsenic is most likely associated 

with operations at AlliedSignal Facility. The Bendix Corporation, under a merger, became part 

of Allied Corporation, which later became AlliedSignal, Inc (Ref. 24, p. 1). 

Hazardous Substance in the Release

Arsenic
27

5.1 RESIDENT POPULATION THREAT 

5.1.1 Likelihood Of Exposure

Table 7 lists surface soil samples collected in October 2009 from residential properties located 

within AOC A (see Figure 3 of this HRS documentation record). Reference 21 shows 

approximate radius of 200-feet from the sample locations S6, S8, and S14 and illustrates that 

residences are within the same property boundaries. 

Table 7: Likelihood of Exposure

Sample ID/ CLP ID Sample Date

Distance of Population 

from Area of Observed 

Contamination

References

S6/2QT6 10/6/09 Less than 200 feet Refs. 5, pp. 35, 61;13, p. 7; 

17, p.11; 21, p. 1 

S8/2QT8 10/6/09 Less than 200 feet Refs. 5, pp. 61;13, p. 9; 17, 

p.11; 21, p. 2

S14/2QW4 10/6/09 Less than 200 feet Refs. 5, p. 132;13, p. 14; 17, 

p. 63; 21, p.3

Notes:

CLP = Contract Laboratory Program.

ID = Identification

Resident Population Threat Likelihood of Exposure Factor Category Value: 550 

(Ref. 1, Section 5.1.1) 

5.1.2 Waste Characteristics

5.1.2.1 Toxicity 

The toxicity values for the hazardous substances detected in the area of observed contamination 

samples are summarized in Table 8. 

Table 8: Soil Exposure Toxicity

Hazardous Substance Toxicity Factor Value Reference

Arsenic 10,000 2, pp. BI-1, A-30

Toxicity Factor Value: 10,000 

(Ref. 1, Section 5.1.2.1)
28

5.1.2.2 HAZARDOUS WASTE QUANTITY 

Hazardous Constituent Quantity 

The information available is not sufficient to evaluate Tier A as required in Section 2.4.2.1.1 of 

the HRS, which is to determine total mass of the hazardous substance present in the waste 

source. The lack of manifests detailing waste quantities, PRP records, State records, permits etc.

does not support the use of Tier A. The mass of all the hazardous substances has not been 

determined as a result, the evaluation of Hazardous Waste Quantity proceeds to the evaluation of 

Tier B, hazardous wastestream quantity (Ref. 1, Section 2.4.2.1.1). 

Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value: NS 

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity 

There is not sufficient information to evaluate Tier B which requires determining mass of the 

hazardous wastestreams that are allocated to the source as required in the HRS (Ref. 1, Section 

2.4.2.1.2). Because the original source of contamination is unknown, the hazardous wastestream 

quantity cannot be calculated and the evaluation of Hazardous Waste Quantity proceeds to the 

evaluation of Tier C, volume (Ref. 1, Section 2.4.2.1.2). 

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value: NS 

Volume 

The area of observed contamination is not a surface impoundment, drums, or tanks and 

containers other than drums, as required to evaluate Tier C, volume, by Reference 1, S ection 

5.1.2.2, and Table 5-2. 

Volume Assigned Value: 0 

Area 

AOC A consists of contaminated soil at the residential area to the west of the park (see Figure 2 

of this HRS documentation record). Areas covered by structures and impervious surfaces are 

excluded from the AOC. Although three soil samples are included in site scoring, two of the 

three samples are in close proximity, such that for practical purposes only two samples exist to 
29

define the AOC and between the two samples there is an area where arsenic was detected at 

concentrations below three times the background concentrations. Therefore, the area of AOC A 

is undetermined, but greater than zero (Ref. 1, Section 5.1.2.2). 

Sum (square feet [ft2]): >0 

Equation for Assigning Value (Ref. 1, Table 5-2): Area (A)/34,000 

Area Assigned Value: >0 

Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 

AOC A is assigned an Hazardous Waste Quantity (HWQ) value of greater than zero, but 

undetermined (Ref. 1, Section 5.1.2.2). 

HWQ Value: >0

Table 9: Hazardous Waste Quantity 

Area of Observed Contamination 

Letter Type Area Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Contaminated Soil Undetermined, greater than zero (> 0)

The hazardous constituent quantity for AOC A is not adequately determined. The HWQ is 

undetermined, but greater than zero. Per HRS Section 2.4.2.2, for the soil exposure pathway, the 

HWQ factor value is the higher of either the value from HRS Table 2-6 or 10. 

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value: 10 

(Ref. 1, Section 2.4.2.2) 

5.1.2.3 Calculation of Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 

The waste characteristics factor category was obtained by multiplying the toxicity and HWQ 

factor values. Based on this product, a value was assigned in accordance with Reference 1, 

Table 2-7. 
30

Toxicity Factor Value (see Table 8 of this HRS documentation record): 10,000 

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value: 10 

Toxicity Factor Value × 

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value: 1 x 105 

Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value: 18 

(Ref. 1, Table 2-7) 

5.1.3 Resident Population Threat Targets 

The soil samples listed in Table 10 were collected during the IDEM October 2009 ESI 2 (Refs. 

5, p. 17; 13, pp. 7, 9, 10, 14). Surface soil sample S6 was collected from one parcel and surface 

soil samples S8 and S14 were collected from another parcel (Refs. 21, p.1; 22, p.1; 25, p.1; 28, 

p.1) 

Level I Concentrations

During the IDEM October 2009 ESI 2 investigation, soil samples were collected from LaSalle 

Park and residential properties (Refs. 5, pp. 17, 18; 14, p. 1). Surface soil (0 to 6 inches bgs) 

samples were collected from the housing complex of subsidized housing and apartments called 

LaSalle Park Homes (Refs. 5, pp. 17, 18; 13, pp. 7, 9, 10, 14; 14, p. 1). LaSalle Park Homes 

fronts Falcon Street the length of the west boundary of the LaSalle Park from north to south 

(Refs. 5, p.12 ; 14, p. 1) (see Figure 2 of this HRS documentation record). Soil samples were 

analyzed by EPA CLP laboratory, A4 Scientific in The Woodland, Texas (Ref. 17, pp. 3, 11, 55, 

63). All samples were analyzed for metals and cyanide using CLP SOW ILM05.4 (Refs. 5, pp. 

127, 128; 17, pp. 4, 11, 56, 63). See Figure 3 for sampling locations. 
31

TABLE 10: AOC A Level I Concentrations

Sample 

ID/CLP

ID

Hazardous 

Substance

Hazardous 

Substance 

Concentration

Background 

Concentration

Benchmark 

Concentration Benchmark Reference

S6/ME2QT6 Arsenic 34.3 mg/kg 9.7 mg/kg 0.43 mg/kg CRSC 2, p. BII13; 5, pp. 

20, 39, 55-

59, 61;13, 

p. 7; 17, 

pp.11, 22; 

S8/ME2QT8 Arsenic 29.4 mg/kg 9.7 mg/kg 0.43 mg/kg CRSC 2, p. BII13; 5, pp. 

20, 55-59, 

61;13, p. 9; 

17, pp.11, 

24; 

S14/ME2Q

W4

Arsenic 30.8 mg/kg 9.7 mg/kg 0. 43 mg/kg CRSC 2, p. BII13; 5, pp. 

20, 127-

132; 13, p. 

14; 17, pp. 

63, 68; 

Notes:

AOC = Area of observed contamination 

CLP = Contract Laboratory Program

CRSC = Cancer Risk Screening Concentration 

ID = Identification 

mg/kg = Milligrams per kilogram

5.1.3.1 Resident Individual 

As previously stated in this HRS documentation record, surface soil samples were collected 

within two-feet of the surface in exposed soil areas from residential yards and within 200 feet of 

residences. Sample S6 was collected from a p arcel owned by LaSalle Park Homes and a 

multifamily senior residence is located on this parcel (Refs. 21, p. 1; 22, p.1; 25, p.1; 28, p. 1) . 

Samples S8 and S14 were collected from a single parcel owned by LaSalle Park Homes on 

which several homes are located (Refs. 21, pp. 2, 3; 25, p.1; 27, p. 3,4; 28, p.1). The residential 

structures in the area of concern are each less than 200 feet from, and on the same property with,

a sample meeting the observed contamination criteria (surface soil samples S6, S8, and S14) 

(Refs. 1, Sec. 5.0.1; 21, pp. 1-3); therefore, residential properties where soil sample analytical 

results indicate observed contamination of arsenic are less than 200 feet from areas of observed 

contamination (see Tables 5, 6 and Figure 2 of this HRS documentation record). The cancer risk 
32

screening concentration for arsenic is 0.43 mg/kg (Refs. 1, Sec. 5.1.3.1, p. 51647; 2, p. BII-13). 

Thus, a resident is subject to Level I concentrations and a value of 50 is assigned. 

Area of Observed Contamination Letter: A 

Level of Contamination (Level I/Level II): I 

References: 1, p. 51647; 2, p. BII-13; 5, pp. 22, 39, 61, 132; 13, pp. 7, 9, 10, 14; 17, pp.11, 22, 

28, 63, 68; 21, p. 1-3. 

Resident Individual Factor Value: 50 

(Ref. 1, Section 5.1.3.1) 

5.1.3.2 Resident Population 

The samples listed in Table 11 and Table 12 below were collected during the October 2009 ESI 

2 sampling event conducted by IDEM (see Tables 5 and 6 of this HRS documentation record). 

Surface soil (less than 6 inches bgs) samples collected from LaSalle Park Homes property during 

the 2009 ESI 2 contained arsenic at Level I concentrations (see Table 10 of this HRS 

documentation record). 

5.1.3.2.1 Level I Population 

Three sample locations, S6, S8 and S14, contained arsenic at Level I concentrations (see Table 6 

of this HRS documentation record). Sample S6 was collected from a parcel owned by LaSalle 

Park Homes and a multifamily senior residence is located on this parcel (Refs. 21, p. 1; 22, p.1;

25, p.1; 28, p. 1) . Samples S8 and S14 were collected from a single parcel owned by LaSalle 

Park Homes on which several homes are located (Refs. 21, pp. 2, 3; 25, p.1; 27, p. 3,4; 28, p.1). 

The residences that are within approximately 200 feet of these three sampling locations are 

depicted in Reference 21. The Level I Resident Population Targets that are within 200 feet of 

sample S6 are listed in Table 11 of this HRS documentation record. The Level I Resident 

Population Targets that are within 200 f eet of sample S8 are listed in Table 12 of this HRS 

documentation record. The Level I Resident Population Targets that are within 200 feet of 

sample S14 are listed in Table 13 of this HRS documentation record. 
33

Table 11: Level I Resident Population Targets Sample S6

Area of Observed 

Contamination 

Letter

Sample ID Number of 

Residences

Total Number of 

Residents References

Senior Residence Building 3505 West Washington

A S6 43 41 Refs. 13, p. 7; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.1; ; 25, 

p.1; 26, p. 2;27, p. 2; 

28, p.1

Sub Total 41

Notes: 

ID = Identification 

Table 12: Level I Resident Population Targets Sample S8

Area of Observed 

Contamination 

Letter

Sample ID Number of 

Residences

Total Number of 

Residents References

Residences 135 Falcon Street

A S8 1 2 Refs. 13, pp. 9, 10; 

14, p.1; ; 21, p.2; 25, 

p.1; 26, p. 2;27, p.3; 

28, p. 1 

Residences 137 North Falcon Street

A S8 1 3 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.2; 25, p.1; 

26, p. 2;27, p. 3; 28, 

p.1

Residences 143 North Falcon Street

A S8 1 7 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.2; 25, p.1; 

26, p. 2;27, p.3; 28, 

p. 1.

Residences 145 North Falcon Street

A S8 1 5 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.2; 25, p.1; 

26, p. 2;27, p. 3; 28, 

p.1.

Residences 149 North Falcon Street

A S8 1 4 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.2; 25, p.1; 

26, p. 2;27, p. 3; 28, 

p.1.

Sub Total 21

Notes: 

ID = Identification
34

Table 13: Level I Resident Population Targets Sample S14

Area of Observed 

Contamination 

Letter

Sample ID Number of 

Residences

Total Number of 

Residents References

Residences 209 North Falcon Street

A S14 1 1 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.3; 25, p.1; 

26, p. 2;27, p. 4; 28, 

p. 1

Residences 211 Falcon Street

A S14 1 1 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p. 3; 26, p. 

2;27, p. 4; 28, p. 1

Residences 215 North Falcon Street

A S14 1 1 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.3; 26, p. 

2;27, p. 4; 28, p. 1

Residences 217 North Falcon Street

A S14 1 1 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.3;26, p. 

2;27, p. 4; 28, p. 1

Residences 225 North Falcon Street

A S14 1 4 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.3;26, p. 

2;27, p. 4; 28, p. 1

Residences 227 North Falcon Street

A S14 1 4 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, 26, p. 2;27, 

p. 4; 28, p. 1

Residences 229 North Falcon Street

A S14 1 5 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.3; 26, p. 

2;27, p. 4; 28, p. 1

Residences 233 North Falcon Street

A S14 1 3 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.3; 26, p. 

2;27, p. 4; 28, p. 1

Residences 235 North Falcon Street

A S14 1 3 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.3; 26, p. 

2;27, p. 4; 28, p. 1

Residences 237 North Falcon Street

A S14 1 2 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.3; 26, p. 

2;27, p. 4; 28, p. 1

Residences 239 North Falcon Street

A S14 1 2 Refs. 13, p. 14; 14, 

p.1; 21, p.3;26, p. 

2;27, p. 4; 28, p. 1

Sub Total 27

Notes: 

1 ID = Identification
35

Sum of individuals subject to Level I concentrations: 41+21+27 = 89 

Sum of individuals subject to Level I concentrations × 10: 89 x 10 = 890 

Level I Concentrations Factor Value: 890 

(Ref. 1, Section 5.1.3.2.1) 

5.1.3.2.2 Level II Concentrations 

Level II Concentrations for the Resident Population Threat was not scored (NS) because Level I 

Concentration Resident Population threat is sufficient to qualify the site for the NPL. This threat 

is of concern to EPA and may be considered during a future evaluation (Ref. 1, Table 5-6). 

Level II Concentrations Factor Value: NS

5.1.3.3 Workers 

Total workers were not scored (NS) 

Workers Factor Value: NS 

5.1.3.4 Resources 

Resource Description: There are no commercial agriculture, silviculture, or commercial livestock 

production or grazing within the area of observed contamination. 

Resources Factor Value: 0 

5.1.3.5 Terrestrial Sensitive Environments 

Sensitive Environment Description: There are no terrestrial sensitive environments identified 

within the area of observed contamination. 

Terrestrial Sensitive Environments Factor Value: 0 

5.2 NEARBY POPULATION THREAT 

Nearby population threat was not scored. 

Nearby Population Threat Factor Value: NS