Methane reduction in CPO productionMethane reduction in CPO productionCarbon Intensity Development, DLH 01, rev 312.4.2011Pertti KarinenCarbon Intensity Development, DLH 01, rev 312.4.2011Pertti KarinenPertti Karinen2POME treatment pondPertti Karinen3Technical options to reduce methane•Separate POME solids, treat separately•Flocculation / filtration / flotation / centrifugation•Aerobic treatment for residualwaste water / recycle of water•Oily sludge can be used as feedstock, fuel, or composted•Solids in POME: 0,5% oil,0,7% protein, 1% fibers•Compost POME solids with EFB•Good recycle of nutrients•Interesting to producers today: savings in artificial fertilizers•Low to medium investment cost•Many CDM projects, AVC technology in most of them•Conditions at mill site select technology•Capture methane and use as energy in own mill - or flare•Releases more solid biofuels(shells and fibres) for sale•Sell electricity to nationalgrid, where there is onePertti Karinen4Methane prevention•Projects / technology:•Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs/ AVC, 11 projectsin Malaysia, cocompostin/windrow•Danish Ministry of ForeignAffairs / Brite tech vent.,1 project in Malaysia, cocomposting•EcoSecurities Group, 10 projects inIdonesia and Malaysia, windrow/cocomposting•Vattenfall Europe Gen / AVC, 8 projects in Malaysia, co-composting•Vertis / AVC, 5 projectsin Malaysia, co-composting•Kawashima Co, 3 projectsin Indonesia, composting•Swiss Carbon Assets, 3 projects in Indonesia, windrow•Brite tech ventures, 2 projects in Malaysia, co-composting•Agrienergy PTE, 1 project in Indonesia, windrow•COTRAD corp., 1 project in Malaysia, windrow•Bungee Emission Holding / ECO-D, 2projects in Malaysia (process watercirculation!),co-composting•Carbon partners Asiatica, 1 project in Malaysia, co-composting•Tokyo Electric Power, 1 project in Malaysia, drying/burning•PORTECH Thailand, pilot testing, no CDM projectsPertti Karinen5Methane prevention by compostingPOMELow investment costCompost saves fertilizersApplied on areas with no gridMany CDM projectsEFBAerobicAerobicPurified waste waterCO2CompostSludgeCompostingCompostingSeparationSeparationShreddingShreddingWaste watersolidsRiverBOD < 50 mg O2/lNo toxic outputBOD 25 000 mg O2/lPertti Karinen6POME solids separation by flotation(PORTECH)AerobicAerobicPOMEPurified wastewater toirrigation or riverMinutes to hour55 dayssludgeSludge to fertilizingFlotationFlotationWet solids toe.g. compostingflocculantairLow investment costTake oil out before it becomes methaneNOTE: No CDM statusPertti Karinen7AVC Sludge Dewatering + composting with EFBPertti Karinen8Methane capture, use as energy or flare•Membrane covering of anaerobic ponds•Can be applied on existing open ponds•Medium investment cost•Accidental fire reported•Anaerobic tank reactors•Compact equipment•Higher reaction rate, better control•High investment cost•Corrosion problems reported•Make biogas of POME solids•Separate POME solids first byfiltration, flotation etc•Anaerobic degradation ina closed bioreactor•Use biogas to produce energy•Collect filtrating waste water and processaerobicallyPertti Karinen9Methane capture, use as energy or flare•Projects / technology•AES AgriVerde Ltd, 28 projects inIndonesia and Malaysia, flare•Eco Securities Group, 9 projects in Indonesia andMalaysia, flare/steam/grid•BioX Energy System, 13 projects in Malaysia, power/flare•Danish Min. Climate Energy, 6 projects in Indonesia andMalaysia, el./steam•Tokyo Electric Company, 2 projects in Malaysia,power/steam/flare•EcoBiodiversity, 2 projects in Malaysia, power grid•Mitsubishi, 1 project in Indonesia, H2/steam•E.On Carbon Sourcing, 1 project in Malaysia, electricity•Biotech International, 1 project in Malaysia, steam•Biopower Climate Care, 1 project in Malaysia, power grid•Aufwind Schmack Asia, 1 projectin Malaysia, power/flare•Nordjysk Elhandel, 1 projectin Malaysia, heat/export•PT Melati Energi Sumatera, 1project in Malaysia, electricity•YTL-SV Carbon, 1 project inMalaysia, power/drying•WRE Holdings, 1 project in Malaysia, steam/power•Kim Loong Power, 1 projectin Malaysia, steam/power•Mistral Engineering,1 project in Malaysia, electricity•BELL Green Power, 1 projectin Malaysia, electricity•Kulumpang Dev. Corp., 1 projectini Malaysia, power/flare•Chumporn / DeSmet, 1 project in Thailand, power grid•Univanich / Waste Solutions (CIGAR),2 projects inThailand, power•PEMF (Finland) 1 projectin Thailand, power gridPertti Karinen10Methane capture in POME treatmentAnaerobicAnaerobicAerobicAerobicPOMEPurified wastewater toirrigation or riverBOD 25 000 mg O2/l45 days55 dayssludgemethane+ CO2Biogas to fuelor flareBOD < 50 mg O2/lsludgeSludge to fertilizingNo toxic outputMedium to High investment costCDM projects existPertti Karinen11Methane capture with membrane covered openpondsPertti Karinen12Methane capture with anaerobic steel reactor