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### Cyrus Nasseri

October 18, 1995 Office of Codes and Standards Office of Building Technologies ';,': '.:,: . 

# ... U.S>Departfuent ofEl1ergy Energy Efficiency Descriptors Cyrus Nasseri October 18, 1995 Office of Codes and Standards Office of Building Technologies '.

## L egi sl ative D rivers

III t • Energy Policy and Conservation Act , Public Law 94-163 (1975) 

### • Nat ional Energy Conservation Policy A ct , Public Law 95-619 (1976) • National Appliance Energy Conservation Act ( N AECA), Public Law 100-12 (1987) 

### • National Appliance Energy Conservation Amendments , Public Law 100-357 (1988) • Energy Policy Act , Public Law 102-486 (1992)

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# Legislative Drivers • Energy Policy and Conservation Act, Public Law 94-163 (1975) • National Energy Conservation Policy Act, Public Law 95-619 (1976) • National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA), Public Law 100-12 (1987) • National Appliance Energy Conservation Amendments, Public Law 100-357 (1988) • Energy Policy Act, Public Law 102-486 (1992)IA^

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## Program Elements

• Test Procedures • Labeling 

## • Standards

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# Program Elements • Test Procedures • Labeling • Standards

## Exi sting Energy D escriptor Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE ) -Defined as the ratio of annual output energy to annual input energy from fossil fuel, including off-season pilot loss if used. (Does not include electricity consumption of auxiliary equipment) - NAECA mandated -Isolated combustion system ( I CS) installation

- F ossil fuel energy

- E lectrical energy for all electric furnaces 

### • Energy Factor (EF) N ot used for efficiency standards Defined as the ratio of fossil fuel ou#put to the gum of fossil fuel input and electrical energy input.



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# Existing Energy Descriptor • Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE)

- Defined as the ratio of annual output energy to annual input energy from fossil fuel, including off-season pilot loss if used. (Does not include electricity consumption of auxiliary equipment)

-- NAECA mandated

- Isolated combustion system (ICS) installation

- Fossil fuel energy

- Electrical energy for all electric furnaces 

### • Energy Factor (EF)

- Not used for efficiency**standard~**
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## Exi s ting Energy D escriptor

D eficiencies I h 

### 7 s • AFUE does not account for electricity usage by the air circulating blower . (Furnaces could be designed to operate the blower during the burner-off period to extract residual amounts of heat from the heat exchanger . This would inflate the AFUE value , yet would actually consume more electricity and increase the operating cost) 

### • AFUE does not encourage the use of more efficient motors and controls to save energ y. 

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# Existing Energy Descriptor Deficiencies • AFUE does not account for electricity usage by the air circulating blower. (Furnaces could be designed to operate the blower during the burner-off period to extract residual amounts of heat from the heat exchanger. This would inflate the AFUE value, yet would actually consume more electricity and increase the operating cost) • AFUEdoes not encourage the use of more 

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# DOE Rulemaking

Furnace Test Procedure

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### Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NOPR) published.

### '~~~il!~~!I~~; Comment period reopened.

## Pr o p ose d E n e r gy D escr ipt o r

Defin i ti o ns

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### • Annual Efficiency (AE)

- Fossil fuel and auxiliary electricity -Indoor or outdoor installation 

### • Energy Factor (EF) -Fossil fuel and auxiliary electricity -ICS installation

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# Proposed Energy Descriptor Definitions • Annual Efficiency (AE)

- Fossil fuel and auxiliary electricity

- Indoor or outdoor installation 

### • Energy Factor (EF)

-- Fossil fuel and auxiliary electricity

- ICS installation

## Proposed Energy Descriptor

Objective
• To account for both the fossil fuel consumption and the auxiliary electricity consumption • To provide consumer information regarding overall performance of the appliance (both in terms of energy efficiency and energy cost) with a single descriptor.



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# Proposed Energy Descriptor Objective • To account for both the fossil fuel consumption and the auxiliary electricity consumption • To provide consumer information regarding overall performance of the appliance (both in terms of energy efficiency and energy cost) with a single descriptor.

## Proposed Annual Efficiency (AE)

Descriptor AE _ {(E Fx AFUE) + (3413 x E AE)}

{EF+(34l3xFxE A0} E F : Annual fossil fuel consumption EAE: Annual auxiliary electricity consumption AFUE: Annual fuel utilization efficiency F : Energy cost ratio, and 3,413: Conversion factor, from kWh to Btu The numerator represents the cost to meet the heating load without any appliance loss, with the energy price solely based on the fossil fuel rate. The denominator represents the total cost (fossil fuel and auxiliary electricity). to operate the appliance. I

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# Proposed Annual Efficiency (AE) Descriptor AE 

# = {(E EX 

### AFUE) 

### + (3413 X 

### E 

### AE)} {E F + 

### (34 1 3 

## x F 

## x E**A~}** E F : Annual fossil fuel consumption EAE: Annual auxiliary electricity consumption AFUE: Annual fuel utilization efficiency F : Energy cost ratio, and 3,413 : Conversion factor, from kWh to Btu The numerator represents the cost to meet the heating load without any appliance loss, with the energy price solely based on the fossil fuel rate . •**:~:,,:w., ,,""1"!1"',~',.**  ' , ," '"**',:,I~;tlh~"** 

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# Appli cation of the Prop osed Annu al Eff

i ci ency D esc riptor

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### • Not applied to electric furnaces or heat pumps • Applied to fossil-fueled furnaces/boilers where electricity consumption constitutes a small portion (2 % to 6 % ) of the total appliance energy consumption • Based upon the cost to consumers . Not an efficiency of power generation , transmission or source energy production .

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# Application of the Proposed

Annual Efficiency Descriptor • Not applied to electric furnaces or heat pumps • Applied to fossil-fueled furnaces/boilers where electricity consumption constitutes a small portion (2% to 6%) of the total appliance energy consumption • Based upon the cost to consumers. Not an efficiency of power generation, transmission or source energy production.