# Timothy J. Skone (412) 386-4495 Timothy.Skone@NETL.DOE.GOV

Kristin J. Gerdes (304) 285-4894 Kristin.Gerdes@NETL.DOE.GOV



# Recommended Citation

Model Documentation and Final Report Department of Energy: National Energy Technology

Laboratory. 2009. NETL: Petroleum-Based Fuels Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Analysis - 2005 Baseline Model . www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analyses.

Developm ent of Baseline Data and Analysis of Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Em issions of Petroleum-Based Fuels, DOE/NETL-2009/1346, November 26, 2008 

# NETL: Petroleum-Based Fuels Life Cycle Greenhouse

Gas Analysis - 2005 Baseline Model
2009



# Primary Contacts: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their em ployees, ma kes any warranty, express or im plied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade nam e, trademark, ma nufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or im ply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed therein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof.

Senior Environm ental Engineer

Program Analyst



# DisclaimerU.S. Consumption Results: GHG emissions by Life Cycle Stage for gasoline, diesel and jet fuel including imported finished fuels WTW Charts: Graphs showing the results for Well-to-Wheels WTT Charts: Graphs showing the results for Well-to-Tank U.S. Fuels Results: GHG emissions by Life Cycle Stage for gasoline, diesel and jet fuel produced at U.S. refineries WTW Charts_US: Graphs showing the results for Well-to-Wheels for U.S. refinery fuel production WTT Charts_US: Graphs showing the results for Well-to-Tank for U.S. refinery fuel production; includes breakout of LC Stage 3 Imported Fuels Results: GHG emissions by Life Cycle Stage for gasoline, diesel and jet fuel for imported products Imports_US_Comparison: Comparison of Life Cycle Stages 1-4 for U.S. produced transportation fuels and imported transportation fuels Feedstock Extraction Summary: Results of Life Cycle Stage 1 by product category for both U.S. refined products and imported products Crude Oil Extraction_US: Upstream emissions profiles for crude oil extraction by country for countries exporting crude oil to the U.S. NGL & Unfinished Oils: Calculation of upstream emissions profiles for natural gas liquids and unfinished oils Oil Sands - Bitumen: Data on Canadian oil sands Crude Oil Extraction_Imports: Upstream emissions profiles for crude oil extraction as utilized by countries exporting products to the U.S. Crude Oil Profiles: Estimated extraction and delivered crude oil profiles Feedstock Transport: Results of Life Cycle Stage 2 by product category for both U.S. refined products and imported products Ocean Transport: Detailed information on the crude oil ocean transport (references other worksheets that are hidden) Transport_US: Development of GHG emissions profile associated with transport of crude oil in the U.S. and transport of crude oil to foreign ports Transport_Imports: Development of GHG emissions profile associated with transport of crude oil to foreign refineries exporting products to the U.S. Refinery Summary: Results of Life Cycle Stage 2 by product category including calculation utilizing the allocation data Refinery-Produced Fuels: Calculation of upstream GHG emissions associated with fuels produced and subsequently consumed in refineries Refinery Breakout: Break out of subcategories of the refinery profile Coal: Development of upstream emissions profile associated with bituminous coal underground mining, preparation and transportation Fuels Consum & Emiss: Emissions and energy use associated with refineries in 2005 based primarily on data reported by EIA H2 Block: Development of emissions and energy profiles associated with hydrogen production for use in U.S. refineries Flaring & Fugitive Vented CH4: Development of emissions associated with flaring from U.S. refineries and documentation of vented/fugitive emissions Input & Production: EIA data on input to and production by U.S. refineries in 2005 Capacity & Thruput: Development of unit operation throughput utilizing EIA capacity data and estimated capacity utilization Energy Intensities: Development of energy usage estimates by unit operation primarily utilizing Energetic data H2 Intensities: Development of hydrogen requirements by unit operation Allocation: Overview of the allocation process and development of volumetric contribution of each unit operation to each product Allocation Chart: Chart showing the percent contribution each unit operation has to each of the product categoriesLC #4 Product Transport: Development of the emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage 4 for U.S. refined products and transport of imported products

Vehicle Operation: Life Cycle Stage 5 data for gasoline and diesel Aircraft Operation: Life Cycle Stage 5 data for aircraft Product Imports: Imports and Exports of motor gasoline, highway diesel (<500 ppm sulfur), kerosene-type jet fuel in 2005 Loss Factors: Development of loss factors used throughout the life cycle stages Misc Factors: GHG emissions profiles for electricity, steam and natural gas, IPCC GWP factors, energy content of products and unit conversions SA Summary: Summary of sensitivity analysis factors and results on a WTT basis SA Inputs: Worksheet where sensitivity analysis is conducted SA Chart Data: Sensitivity analysis results formatted for use in charts SA Charts: Sensitivity analysis graphs SA Raw Data: Sensitivity analysis results - hard coded valuesSensitivity 

# Petroleum-Based Fuels Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Analysis - 2005 Baseline Model National Energy Technology Laboratory List of Worksheets - click below to go directly to each worksheetResultsLC #1LC #2MiscLC #3LC #5



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Contents 2008 2Cell Color Coding Inputs Calculated values Input for which a Sensitivy Analysis Parameter can be Applied Calculated Value for which a Sensitivy Analysis Parameter can be Applied Default Values for Sensitivity Analysis - DO NOT CHANGE CELLS

<-Go to this page to allow circular reference and if reference errors occur for LC Stage #1-3; Press buttons

<-Select vehicle profiles here

<-Select global warming potential factors here
<-Check here to ensure all sensitivity analysis inputs have been returned to their default values



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Contents 2008 3

### Return to Contents Worksheet

For CO2 

### kg CO 2

### / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 4.89 1.41 9.45 1.07 75.0 91.9 16.8 Conventional Diesel 4.46 1.30 9.22 0.860 76.6 92.4 15.8 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 4.53 1.32 5.83 0.978 77.1 89.8 12.7

For CH 4 

### kg CH 4

### / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 0.0958 0.000771 0.0115 0.000597 0.00488 0.114 0.109 Conventional Diesel 0.0858 0.000698 0.0113 0.000521 0.000080 0.098 0.098 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.0878 0.000711 0.00716 0.000547 0.000528 0.097 0.097

For N 2

### O kg N 2

### O / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 1.29E-04 2.83E-05 1.53E-04 2.17E-05 4.99E-03 5.32E-03 3.32E-04 Conventional Diesel 1.18E-04 2.61E-05 1.43E-04 1.70E-05 1.75E-04 4.79E-04 3.04E-04 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 1.19E-04 2.66E-05 9.06E-05 1.98E-05 2.11E-03 2.37E-03 2.56E-04

For GWP kg CO 2 

### E / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.6 96.3 19.6 Conventional Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.878 76.65 95.0 18.4 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.7 92.9 15.1

For GWP kg CO 2 

### E / bbl Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 35.8 7.04 47.9 5.34 375 471 96.0 Conventional Diesel 36.6 7.28 52.6 4.84 422 524 101.3 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 35.3 7.05 31.6 5.22 407 486 79.2

For GWP Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 7.6% 1.5% 10.2% 1.1% 79.6% 100.0% 20.4% Conventional Diesel 7.0% 1.4% 10.0% 0.9% 80.7% 100.0% 19.3% Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 7.3% 1.5% 6.5% 1.1% 83.7% 100.0% 16.3%

Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel GHG CO 2 

### 91.9 92.4 89.8 0.447 0.345 CH 4 

### 0.114 0.098 0.097 5.52E-04 3.68E-04 N 2

### O 0.00532 0.00048 0.00237 2.59E-05 1.79E-06 GHG (CO 2 

### E) 96.3 95.0 92.9 0.468 0.355

GHG (CO 2 

### E) Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Carbon Dioxide 4.89 4.46 4.53 1.41 1.30 1.32 9.45 9.22 5.83 Methane 2.39 2.14 2.19 0.0193 0.0175 0.0178 0.287 0.283 0.179 Nitrous Oxide 0.0384 0.0351 0.0355 0.00844 0.00777 0.00794 0.0457 0.0426 0.0270 GHG (CO 2 

### E) 7.32 6.64 6.76 1.44 1.32 1.35 9.78 9.550 6.036
Total Fuel Use (MOVES), Btu LHV/mile Gasoline 4,866 Diesel 3,737

U.S. Refined Imports Exports Est. Consumpt ion U.S.

Refined Percent of Consumpt ion Imports

Percent of Consumpt ion

Conventional Gasoline 7,794,233 1,106,712 199,449 8,701,496 87.3% 12.7% Conventional Diesel 2,932,578 157,164 39,299 3,050,444 94.8% 5.2% Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 1,545,825 190,049 52,611 1,683,263 88.7% 11.3% kg/mile traveled kg/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed 

## Emissions by Life Cycle Stage for transportation fuels consumed in the U.S.

LC Stage #1: Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2: Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3: Liquid Fuels Production

bpd



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls U.S. Consumption Results 2008 4

### Return to Contents Worksheet

For CO2 

### kg CO 2

### / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For CH 4 

### kg CH 4

### / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For N 2

### O kg N 2

### O / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For GWP kg CO 2 

### E / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For GWP kg CO 2 

### E / bbl Life Cycle Stage Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For GWP Life Cycle Stage Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

GHG CO 2 

### CH 4 

### N 2

### O GHG (CO 2 

### E)

GHG (CO 2 

### E) Carbon Dioxide Methane Nitrous Oxide GHG (CO 2 

### E)
Total Fuel Use (MOVES), Btu LHV/mile Gasoline Diesel

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 

## Emissions by Life Cycle Stage for transportation fuels consumed in the U.S.

Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel 1.070 0.860 0.978 75.0 76.6 77.1 91.9 92.4 89.8 16.8 15.8 12.7 0.0149 0.0130 0.0137 0.122 0.0020 0.013 2.84 2.46 2.42 2.72 2.46 2.40 0.00646 0.00507 0.00591 1.487 0.052 0.629 1.586 0.143 0.705 0.099 0.0906 0.0763 1.09 0.878 0.998 76.6 76.7 77.7 96.3 95.0 92.9 19.6 18.4 15.1 Total Well-to-Tank LC Stage #4: Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5: Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total Well-to-Wheels



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls U.S. Consumption Results 2008 5Return to Contents Worksheet

Well-to-Wheels: CO 2Emissions

Well-to-Wheels: Methane Emissions 4

. 9 1

.4 9

. 4 1

. 1 75

. 0 91

. 9

4

. 5 1

. 3 9

. 2 0

. 9 76

. 6 92

.4

4

. 5 1

. 3 5

. 8 1

. 0 77

. 1 89

. 8



### 0 20 40 60 80 100

LC Stage #1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 :

Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 :

Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total

Well
-to-WheelsCO2Emissions(kg CO2/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed) Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



### 0

. 00 0

. 05 0

. 10 0

. 15

LC Stage #1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 :

Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 :

Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total

Well
-to -WheelsMethane Emissions(kg CH4/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed) Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTW Charts 2008 6Well-to-Wheels: N 2O Emissions

Well-to-Wheels: GHG Emissions

Well-to-Wheels: GHG Emissions



### 0

. 000 0

. 001 0

. 002 0

. 003 0

. 004 0

. 005 0

. 006

LC Stage #1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 :

Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 :

Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total

Well
-to-WheelsN2O Emissions(kg N2O/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed) Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



### 550 Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel

7

. 3 1

.4 9

. 8 1

. 1 76

. 6 96

. 3

6

. 6 1

. 3 9

. 5 0

. 9 76

. 7 95

. 0

6

. 8 1

. 3 6

. 0 1

. 0 77

. 7 92

. 9



### 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

LC Stage #1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 :

Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 :

Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total

Well
-to -WheelsGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed) Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTW Charts 2008 735

. 8 7

. 0 47

. 9 5

. 3 375 471

36

. 6 7

. 3 52

. 6 4

. 8 422 524

35

. 3 7

. 0 31

. 6 5

.2 407 486



### 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

LC Stage #1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 :

Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 :

Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total

Well
-to -WheelsGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/bbl fuel consumed)



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTW Charts 2008 8Well-to-Wheels: GHG Emissions (stacked)

7

. 3 6

. 6 6

. 8 1

.4 1

. 3 1

. 3 9

. 8 9

. 5 6

. 0 1

. 1 0

. 9 1

. 0 76

. 6 76

. 7 77

. 7 96

. 3 95

. 0 92

. 9



### 0 20 40 60 80 100GasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet Fuel



### LC Stage #1 : Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total

Well
-to-WheelsGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel consumed) Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide



### 0 % 20 % 40 % 60 % 80 % 100 %

Conventional

Gasoline Conventional

Diesel Kerosene
Based Jet FuelPercent of WTW GWP LC Stage #1 : Raw Material Ac quisition

LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport

LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production

LC Stage #4 : Product Transport and Refueling

LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Ai rcraft Operation



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTW Charts 2008 9

### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts 2008 10

### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts 2008 11

### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts 2008 12

### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts 2008 13Return to Contents Worksheet

CO2Emissions

Methane Emissions 4

. 9

1

.4 9

.4

1

. 1 16

. 8

4

. 5

1

. 3 9

. 2

0

. 9 15

. 8

4

. 5

1

. 3 5

. 8

1

. 0 12

. 7



### 0 5 10 15 20

LC Stage #1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to-TankCO2Emissions(kg CO2/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



### 0

. 00 0

. 05 0

. 10 0

. 15

LC Stage # 1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to-TankMethane Emissions(kg CH4/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTT Charts 2008 14N 2O Emissions

GHG Emissions



### 0

. 0000 0

. 0001 0

. 0002 0

. 0003 0

. 0004

LC Stage #1 :

Raw Material Acq uisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to -TankN2O Emissions(kg N2O/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel

7

. 3

1

. 4 9

. 8

1

. 1 19

. 6

6

. 6

1

. 3 9

. 5

0

. 9 18

.4

6

. 8

1

. 3 6

. 0

1

. 0 15

. 1



### 0 5 10 15 20 25

LC Stage # 1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to-TankGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTT Charts 2008 15GHG Emissions

GHG Emissions (stacked) 35

. 8

7

. 0 47

. 9

5

. 3 96

. 0

36

. 6

7

. 3 52

. 6

4

. 8 101

. 3

35

. 3

7

. 0 31

. 6

5

. 2 79

. 2



### 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

LC Stage #1 :

Raw Material Acq uisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to-TankGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/bbl fuel delivered) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel

7

. 3 6

. 6 6

. 8

1

. 4 1

. 3 1

. 3 9

. 8 9

. 5

6

. 0

1

. 1 0

. 9 1

. 0 19

. 6 18

.4

15

. 1



### 0 5 10 15 20GasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet Fuel



### LC Stage # 1 : Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 : Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to -TankGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel delivered) 

### Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTT Charts 2008 16

### 0 % 20 % 40 % 60 % 80 % 100 %

Conventional

Gasoline Conventional

Diesel Kerosene
Based Jet FuelPercent of WTT GWP LC Stage #1 : Raw Material Acquisition

LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport

LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production

LC Stage #4 : Product Transport and Refueling



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTT Charts 2008 17

### Return to Contents Worksheet

For CO2 

### kg CO 2

### / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 5.05 1.51 9.45 0.940 75.0 92.0 17.0 Conventional Diesel 4.47 1.33 9.22 0.831 76.6 92.5 15.9 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 4.71 1.41 5.83 0.869 77.1 89.9 12.8

For CH 4 

### kg CH 4

### / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 0.0976 0.000816 0.0115 0.000586 0.00488 0.115 0.111 Conventional Diesel 0.0863 0.000721 0.0113 0.000518 0.000080 0.099 0.099 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.0910 0.000760 0.00716 0.000538 0.000528 0.100 0.100

For N 2

### O kg N 2

### O / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 1.33E-04 3.03E-05 1.53E-04 1.84E-05 4.99E-03 5.33E-03 3.35E-04 Conventional Diesel 1.18E-04 2.68E-05 1.43E-04 1.63E-05 1.75E-04 4.79E-04 3.04E-04 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 1.24E-04 2.83E-05 9.06E-05 1.71E-05 2.11E-03 2.37E-03 2.60E-04

For GWP kg CO 2 

### E / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.960 76.6 96.5 19.8 Conventional Diesel 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.849 76.7 95.1 18.4 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.887 77.7 93.1 15.4

For GWP kg CO 2 

### E / bbl Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 36.9 7.52 47.8 4.70 375 472 96.9 Conventional Diesel 36.7 7.50 52.6 4.68 422 524 101.5 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 36.7 7.50 31.6 4.64 407 487 80.4

For GWP Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 7.8% 1.6% 10.1% 1.0% 79.5% 100.0% 20.5% Conventional Diesel 7.0% 1.4% 10.0% 0.9% 80.6% 100.0% 19.4% Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 7.5% 1.5% 6.5% 1.0% 83.5% 100.0% 16.5%

Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel GHG CO 2 

### 92.0 92.5 89.9 0.448 0.346 CH 4 

### 0.115 0.099 0.100 5.61E-04 3.70E-04 N 2

### O 0.00533 0.00048 0.00237 2.59E-05 1.79E-06 GHG (CO 2 

### E) 96.5 95.1 93.1 0.469 0.355

GHG (CO 2 

### E) Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Carbon Dioxide 5.05 4.47 4.71 1.51 1.33 1.41 9.45 9.22 5.83 Methane 2.44 2.16 2.27 0.0204 0.0180 0.0190 0.287 0.283 0.179 Nitrous Oxide 0.0397 0.0351 0.0370 0.00904 0.00799 0.00842 0.0457 0.0426 0.0270 GHG (CO 2 

### E) 7.53 6.66 7.02 1.54 1.36 1.43 9.78 9.55 6.04
Loss Factors (LC Stage #4) Conventional Gasoline 1.00366 Conventional Diesel 1.000011 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 1.000056
Total Fuel Use (GREET), Btu LHV/mile Conventional Gasoline 4,866 Conventional Diesel 3,737 LC Stage #3: Liquid Fuels Production 

## Emissions by Life Cycle Stage for transportation fuels produced in U.S. refineries

LC Stage #1: Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2: Raw Material Transport kg/mile traveled kg/MMBtu HHV fuel consumed



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls U.S. Fuels Results 2008 18

### Return to Contents Worksheet

For CO2 

### kg CO 2

### / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For CH 4 

### kg CH 4

### / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For N 2

### O kg N 2

### O / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For GWP kg CO 2 

### E / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For GWP kg CO 2 

### E / bbl Life Cycle Stage Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For GWP Life Cycle Stage Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

GHG CO 2 

### CH 4 

### N 2

### O GHG (CO 2 

### E)

GHG (CO 2 

### E) Carbon Dioxide Methane Nitrous Oxide GHG (CO 2 

### E)
Loss Factors (LC Stage #4) Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel
Total Fuel Use (GREET), Btu LHV/mile Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel 

## Emissions by Life Cycle Stage for transportation fuels produced in U.S. refineries

Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel 0.940 0.831 0.869 75.0 76.6 77.1 92.0 92.5 89.9 17.0 15.9 12.8 0.0147 0.0130 0.0134 0.122 0.0020 0.013 2.88 2.47 2.50 2.76 2.47 2.49 0.00549 0.00486 0.00509 1.487 0.052 0.629 1.587 0.143 0.706 0.100 0.0906 0.0775 0.960 0.849 0.887 76.6 76.7 77.7 96.5 95.1 93.1 19.8 18.4 15.4 Total Well-to-Tank LC Stage #4: Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5: Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total Well-to-Wheels



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls U.S. Fuels Results 2008 19Return to Contents Worksheet

Well-to-Wheels: CO2Emissions

Well-to-Wheels: Methane Emissions 5

. 1 1

. 5 9

.4 0

. 9 75

. 0 92

. 0

4

. 5 1

. 3 9

. 2 0

. 8 76

. 6 92

. 5

4

. 7 1

. 4 5

. 8 0

. 9 77

. 1 89

. 9



### 0 20 40 60 80 100

LC Stage #1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 :

Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 :

Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total

Well
-to-WheelsCO2Emissions(kg CO2/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



### 0

. 00 0

. 05 0

. 10 0

. 15

LC Stage # 1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 :

Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 :

Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total

Well
-to-WheelsMethane Emissions(kg CH4/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTW Charts_US 2008 20Well-to-Wheels: N 2O Emissions

Well-to-Wheels: GHG Emissions



### 0

. 000 0

. 001 0

. 002 0

. 003 0

. 004 0

. 005 0

. 006

LC Stage #1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 :

Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 :

Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total

Well
-to-WheelsN2O Emissions(kg N2O/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel

7

. 5 1

. 5 9

. 8 1

. 0 76

. 6 96

. 5

6

. 7 1

.4 9

. 5 0

. 8 76

. 7 95

. 1

7

. 0 1

.4 6

. 0 0

. 9 77

. 7 93

. 1



### 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

LC Stage # 1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 :

Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 :

Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total

Well
-to-WheelsGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTW Charts_US 2008 21Well-to-Wheels: GHG Emissions (stacked)

7

. 5 6

. 7 7

. 0 1

. 5 1

.4 1

.4 9

. 8 9

. 5 6

. 0 1

. 0 0

. 8 0

. 9 76

. 6 76

. 7 77

. 7 96

. 5 95

. 1 93

. 1



### 0 20 40 60 80 100GasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet Fuel



### LC Stage # 1 : Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 :

Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Aircraft Operation Total

Well
-to - WheelsGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel consumed) 

### Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide



### 0 % 20 % 40 % 60 % 80 % 100 %

Conventional

Gasoline Conventional

Diesel Kerosene
Based Jet FuelPercent of WTW GWP LC Stage # 1 : Raw Material Acquisition

LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport

LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production

LC Stage #4 : Product Transport and Refueling

LC Stage #5 : Vehicle / Aircraft Operation



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTW Charts_US 2008 22Return to Contents Worksheet

CO2Emissions

Methane Emissions 5

. 1

1

. 5 9

. 4

0

. 9 17

. 0

4

. 5

1

. 3 9

. 2

0

. 8 15

. 9

4

. 7

1

.4 5

. 8

0

. 9 12

. 8



### 0 5 10 15 20

LC Stage #1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to-TankCO2Emissions(kg CO2/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



### 0

. 00 0

. 05 0

. 10 0

. 15

LC Stage #1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to-TankMethane Emissions(kg CH4/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTT Charts_US 2008 23N 2O Emissions

GHG Emissions 

### 0

. 0000

0

. 0001 0

. 0002 0

. 0003 0

. 0004

LC Stage # 1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to-TankN2O Emissions(kg N2O/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel

7

. 5

1

. 5 9

. 8

1

. 0 19

. 8

6

. 7

1

.4 9

. 5

0

. 8 18

. 4

7

. 0

1

.4 6

. 0

0

. 9 15

. 4



### 0 5 10 15 20 25

LC Stage # 1 :

Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 :

Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to-TankGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered) 

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTT Charts_US 2008 24GHG Emissions (stacked)

7

. 5 6

. 7 7

. 0

1

. 5 1

.4 1

. 4 9

. 8 9

. 5

6

. 0

1

. 0 0

. 8 0

. 9 19

. 8 18

.4

15

.4



### 0 5 10 15 20GasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet Fuel



### LC Stage # 1 : Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 : Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to -TankGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel delivered) 

### Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide



### 0 % 20 % 40 % 60 % 80 % 100 %

Conventional

Gasoline Conventional

Diesel Kerosene
Based Jet FuelPercent of WTT GWP LC Stage # 1 : Raw Material Acquisition

LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport

LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production

LC Stage #4 : Product Transport and Refueling



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTT Charts_US 2008 256

.45 5

. 96

3

. 78

1

. 20 1

. 11 0

. 70 0

. 23 0

. 21 0

. 13 0

. 90 0

. 83 0

. 53 0

. 89 1

. 37 0

. 85 0

. 08 0

. 07 0

. 05 9

. 74 9

. 55

6

. 04



### 0 2 4 6 8 10GasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet FuelGasolineDieselJet Fuel



### Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam &

Electricity Acq uisition Natural

Gas & Coal Acquisition Refinery
Produced Fuels Acquisition Hydrogen

Production* Flaring,

Venting, & Fugitive Total

LC Stage #3 DomesticGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel refined) 

### Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls WTT Charts_US 2008 26

### Return to Contents Worksheet

For CO2 

### kg CO 2

### / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 3.73 0.746 9.46 1.96 75.0 90.9 15.9 Conventional Diesel 4.25 0.587 9.22 1.38 76.6 92.0 15.4 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 3.10 0.663 5.83 1.84 77.1 88.5 11.4

For CH 4 

### kg CH 4

### / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 0.0832 0.000462 0.0115 0.00068 0.0049 0.101 0.096 Conventional Diesel 0.0754 0.000275 0.0113 0.00058 0.000080 0.088 0.088 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.0625 0.000324 0.0072 0.00062 0.000528 0.071 0.071

For N 2

### O kg N 2

### O / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 1.00E-04 1.46E-05 1.53E-04 4.41E-05 4.99E-03 5.30E-03 3.12E-04 Conventional Diesel 1.18E-04 1.21E-05 1.43E-04 3.02E-05 1.75E-04 4.78E-04 3.03E-04 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 7.87E-05 1.37E-05 9.06E-05 4.15E-05 2.11E-03 2.33E-03 2.25E-04

For GWP kg CO 2 

### E / MMBtu LHV Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT Conventional Gasoline 5.84 0.762 9.79 1.99 76.6 95.0 18.4 Conventional Diesel 6.17 0.597 9.55 1.41 76.7 94.4 17.7 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 4.69 0.675 6.04 1.87 77.7 91.0 13.3
Loss Factors (LC Stage #4) Gasoline 1.00469 Diesel 1.00001 Kerosene 1.00006
Gasoline kg CO2 

### E/MMBtu LHV

GHG (CO2 

### E) U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports Carbon Dioxide 5.05 3.73 1.51 0.746 9.45 9.46 0.940 1.96 16.95 15.90 Methane 2.44 2.08 0.0204 0.0116 0.287 0.287 0.0147 0.0169 2.76 2.40 Nitrous Oxide 0.0397 0.0298 0.00904 0.00436 0.0457 0.0457 0.00549 0.0131 0.100 0.0930 GHG (CO2 

### E) 7.53 5.84 1.54 0.762 9.78 9.79 0.960 1.99 19.8 18.4
Diesel kg CO2 

### E/MMBtu LHV

GHG (CO2 

### E) U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports Carbon Dioxide 4.47 4.25 1.33 0.587 9.22 9.22 0.831 1.38 15.9 15.4 Methane 2.16 1.88 0.0180 0.00686 0.283 0.283 0.0130 0.0144 2.47 2.19 Nitrous Oxide 0.0351 0.0351 0.00799 0.00362 0.0426 0.0426 0.00486 0.00899 0.0906 0.0904 GHG (CO 2 

### E) 6.66 6.17 1.36 0.597 9.55 9.55 0.849 1.41 18.4 17.7
Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel kg CO2 

### E/MMBtu LHV

GHG (CO2 

### E) U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports Carbon Dioxide 4.71 3.10 1.41 0.663 5.83 5.83 0.869 1.84 12.82 11.44 Methane 2.27 1.56 0.0190 0.00810 0.179 0.179 0.0134 0.0156 2.49 1.76 Nitrous Oxide 0.0370 0.0235 0.00842 0.00409 0.02701 0.02701 0.00509 0.0124 0.0775 0.0669 GHG (CO 2 

### E) 7.02 4.69 1.43 0.675 6.04 6.04 0.887 1.87 15.4 13.3 Total Well-to-Tank LC Stage #1: Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2: Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3: Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4: Product Transport and Refueling Total Well-to-Tank

LC Stage #1: Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2: Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3: Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4: Product Transport and Refueling 

## Emissions by Life Cycle Stage for transportation fuels produced in foreign refineries and imported to the U.S.

LC Stage #4: Product Transport and Refueling Total Well-to-Tank LC Stage #1: Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2: Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3: Liquid Fuels Production



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Imported Fuels Results 2008 27Return to Contents Worksheet Well-to-Tank: Gasoline GHG Emissions (stacked)

Well-to-Tank: Diesel GHG Emissions (stacked) 7

. 5

5

. 8

1

. 5 0

. 8 9

. 8 9

. 8

1

. 0 2

. 0 19

. 8
18

.4



### 0 5 10 15 20

U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports

LC Stage # 1 : Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 : Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to-TankGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel delivered) Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide

6

. 7 6

. 2

1

.4 0

. 6 9

. 5 9

. 5

0

. 8 1

.4 18

.4 17

. 7



### 0 5 10 15 20

U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports

LC Stage # 1 : Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 : Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to-TankGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel delivered) Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Imports_US_Comparison 2008 28Well-to-Pump: Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel GHG Emissions (stacked)

7

. 0

4

. 7

1

.4 0

. 7 6

. 0 6

. 0

0

. 9 1

. 9 15

.4

13

. 3



### 0 5 10 15 20

U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports

LC Stage # 1 : Raw Material Acquisition LC Stage #2 : Raw Material Transport LC Stage #3 : Liquid Fuels Production LC Stage #4 : Product Transport and Refueling Total Well
-to -TankGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel delivered) Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide



### 0 5 10 15 20

U.S.
- This Study EU
- EUCAR/ CONCAWE/JRC EU
- European

Commission Brazil
- REPLAN

RefineryGHG Emissions(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed) Gasoline Diesel Kerosene



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Imports_US_Comparison 2008 29

### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Imports_US_Comparison 2008 30Gasoline Diesel Kerosene Units Source/Comments Year U.S. - This Study 9.74 9.55 6.04 kg CO 2 E/MMBtu LHV EU - EUCAR/ CONCAW E/JRC 7.39 9.07 kg CO 2 E/MMBtu LHV EU - European Commission 12.2 5.77 kg CO 2 E/MMBtu LHV Adjusted using GaBi EU-15 crude oil profile Brazil - REPLAN Refinery 4.71 6.07 3.70 kg CO 2 E/MMBtu LHV EUCAR/CONCAW E/JRC 7 8.6 kg CO 2 E/MJf Liquid fuels production; assume LHV European Commission CO 2Emissions 0.646 0.354 kg CO 2/kg product LC Stage #1-3 CH 4Emissions 0.00372 0.00345 kg CH 4/kg product LC Stage #1-3 N 2O Emissions 1.43E-05 7.27E-06 kg N 2O/kg product LC Stage #1-3 Brazilian REPLAN Refinery CO 2Emissions 0.382 0.390 0.312 kg CO 2/kg product LC Stage #1-3 CH 4Emissions 0.00589 0.00593 0.00583 kg CH 4/kg product LC Stage #1-3 N 2O Emissions 6.56E-06 6.64E-06 5.83E-06 kg N 2O/kg product LC Stage #1-3 EU-15 Delivered Crude Oil 29.6 29.6 29.6 kg CO 2 E/bbl crude oil Derived from GaBi 4 2007 2002 Brazil Delivered Crude Oil 41.8 41.8 41.8 kg CO 2 E/bbl crude oil Derived from GaBi 4 2007 2002 Crude Oil to Product Conversion Factor 1.07 1.07 1.07 bbl product/bbl crude oil U.S. Profile Product Density 2.79 3.21 3.04 kg/gal Product Heating Value 4.89 5.51 5.23 MMBtu LHV/bbl Comparison to Foreign Refinery Studies



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Imports_US_Comparison 2008 31

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Conventional Gasoline Conventional

Diesel KeroseneBased Jet Fuel Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends Total kg CO2

### /bbl refined 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.6 kg CO2

### /MMBtu LHV 5.04 4.47 4.71 kg CH 4

### /bbl refined 0.476 0.476 0.476 0.476 0.476 0.476 0.476 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu LHV 0.0973 0.0863 0.0910 kg N 2

### O/bbl refined 0.000649 0.000649 0.000649 0.000649 0.000649 0.000649 0.000649 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu LHV 0.000133 0.000118 0.000124 Total Production(bpd) 7,815,792 3,954,378 1,611,395 627,600 834,877 1,683,562 753,830 17,281,433 4.892 5.512 5.230

Quantity Input to U.S. Refineries CO2

### Emissions CH 4

### Emissions N 2

### O Emissions CO2

### Emissions CH 4

### Emissions N 2

### O Emissions GWP
bpd kg CO2

### /day kg CH 4

### /day kg N 2

### O/day kg CO2

### /bbl extracted kg CH 4

### /bbl

extracted kg N 2

### O/bbl

extracted kg CO2 

### E/bbl

extracted Crude oil mix to U.S. refineries 15,220,088 401,631,664 7,867,519 10,598 26.3 0.515 0.000694 39.4 Conventional crude oil 14,692,542 346,354,776 7,737,098 9,102 23.5 0.525 0.000618 36.8 Canadian oil sands 527,545 55,276,887 130,421 1,495 104 0.247 0.002827 111.5 NGL 432,044 2,302,453 45,496 125 5.33 0.105 0.000288 8.0 Unfinished Oils 569,126 21,806,095 309,722 499 38.3 0.544 0.000877 52.2 Total 16,221,258 425,740,211 8,222,737 11,222 26.2 0.506 0.000690 39.0

CO2

### Emissions

Methane Emissions 

# This worksheet summarizes the GHG emissions associated w ith crude oil extraction, Canadian oil sands production, unfinished oils production and natural gas liquids production as used as feedstocks to U.S. and foreign refineries . The emissions are per barrel of feedstock delivered to the refinery; thus, losses associated w ith crude oil transport are incorporated. For the emissions assigned to refinery products, the emissions are per barrel or MMBtu of product refined. Conversion from barrels of crude oil to barrels of product for imported products is based on the same ratio occurring at U.S. refineries in 2005.

N 2

### O Emissions

Average product energy content (MMBtu LHV/bbl)
Summary of U.S. RefineryFeedstock Extraction and Production GHG Emissions Profile Life Cycle Stages #1 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product for Feedstocks to U.S. Refineries



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Feedstock Extraction Summary 2008 32

### Conventional Gasoline Conventional

Diesel KeroseneBased Jet Fuel kg CO2

### /bbl refined 18.2 23.42 16.23 kg CO2

### /MMBtu LHV 3.72 4.25 3.10 kg CH 4

### /bbl refined 0.405 0.415 0.327 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu LHV 0.0828 0.0754 0.0625 kg N 2

### O/bbl refined 0.000487 0.000650 0.000412 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu LHV 0.0000996 0.000118 0.0000787

Product Quantity Imported CO2

### Emissions CH 4

### Emissions N 2

### O Emissions

bbl product/day kg CO2

### /bbl crude oil extracted kg CH 4

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg N 2

### O/bbl

crude oil extracted Conventional Gasoline 1,106,712 19.3 0.431 0.000518 Conventional Diesel 157,164 24.9 0.441 0.000690 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 190,049 17.2 0.347 0.000437

Crude Oil to Product Conversion Factor 1.065 bbl product refined/bbl input delivered Crude Oil Loss Factor 1.00286 bbl extracted/bbl delivered

N 2

### O Emissions Life Cycle Stages #1 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product for Feedstocks to Foreign Refineries

Summary of Foreign RefineryFeedstock Extraction and Production GHG Emissions Profile CO2

### Emissions

Methane Emissions



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Feedstock Extraction Summary 2008 33

## Return to Contents Worksheet

Country Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Algeria 5,485,901 kg CO 2

## /day Angola 18,981,618 kg CO 2

## /day Canada 26,559,782 kg CO 2

## /day Ecuador 5,916,841 kg CO 2

## /day Iraq 7,014,384 kg CO 2

## /day Kuwait 3,047,187 kg CO 2

## /day Mexico 30,386,139 kg CO 2

## /day Nigeria 70,604,617 kg CO 2

## /day Saudi Arabia 16,214,134 kg CO 2

## /day Venezuala 20,459,805 kg CO 2

## /day Other 36,534,143 kg CO 2

## /day United States 104,627,748 kg CO 2

## /day Total 345,832,299 kg CO2

## /day Mix to U.S. Refineries 23.5 kg CO2

## /bbl extracted

Country Quantity Input to U.S. Units Source/Comments Year Algeria 228,381 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005 Angola 455,249 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005 Canada Conventional* 1,102,578 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005 Ecuador 275,973 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005 Iraq 522,805 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005 Kuwait 222,548 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005 Mexico 1,553,496 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005 Nigeria 1,076,816 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005 Saudi Arabia 1,437,458 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005 Venezuala 1,236,753 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005 Other 1,453,781 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005 United States 5,146,540 bpd Production minus Exports 2005 Total 14,712,378 bpd U.S. Production 1,890,106 Mbbl/yr EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 U.S. Exports 11,619 Mbbl/yr EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 *Excludes Canadian Oil Sands

Country Emissions Factor Units Source/Comments Year Algeria 24.0 kg CO 2

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Angola 41.7 kg CO 2

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Canada 24.1 kg CO 2

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Ecuador 21.4 kg CO 2

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Iraq 13.4 kg CO 2

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Kuwait 13.7 kg CO 2

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Mexico 19.6 kg CO 2

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Nigeria 65.6 kg CO 2

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Saudi Arabia 11.3 kg CO 2

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Venezuala 16.5 kg CO 2

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Other 25.1 kg CO 2

## /bbl extracted Average of foreign extraction profiles 2002 United States 20.3 kg CO 2

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Crude Oil Extraction CO2

## Emissions Factor 

# This worksheet utilizes estimated country-specific crude oil profiles to determine the GHG emissions profile for extraction of conventional crude oil fed to U.S. refineries in 2005.

Crude Oil Extraction CO2

## Emissions

Crude Oil Input to U.S.



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Extraction_US 2008 34

## Return to Contents Worksheet

Country Algeria Angola Canada Ecuador Iraq Kuwait Mexico Nigeria Saudi Arabia Venezuala Other United States Total Mix to U.S. Refineries

Country Algeria Angola Canada Conventional* Ecuador Iraq Kuwait Mexico Nigeria Saudi Arabia Venezuala Other United States Total U.S. Production U.S. Exports *Excludes Canadian Oil Sands

Country Algeria Angola Canada Ecuador Iraq Kuwait Mexico Nigeria Saudi Arabia Venezuala Other United States 

# This worksheet utilizes estimated country-specific crude oil profiles to determine the GHG emissions profile for extraction of conventional crude oil fed to U.S. refineries in 2005.

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year 99,307 kg CH 4

## /day 722,046 kg CH 4

## /day 480,790 kg CH 4

## /day 107,108 kg CH 4

## /day 126,976 kg CH 4

## /day 24,231 kg CH 4

## /day 1,155,865 kg CH 4

## /day 2,685,744 kg CH 4

## /day 128,932 kg CH 4

## /day 370,367 kg CH 4

## /day 992,082 kg CH 4

## /day 831,980 kg CH 4

## /day 7,725,427 kg CH 4

## /day 0.525 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted

Emissions Factor Units Source/Comments Year

0.435 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 1.586 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.436 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.388 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.243 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.109 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.744 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 2.494 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.090 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.299 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.682 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted Average of foreign extraction profiles 2002 0.162 kg CH 4

## /bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Crude Oil Extraction Methane Emissions Factor 

# This worksheet utilizes estimated country-specific crude oil profiles to determine the GHG emissions profile for extraction of conventional crude oil fed to U.S. refineries in 2005.

Crude Oil Extraction Methane Emissions



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Extraction_US 2008 35

## Return to Contents Worksheet

Country Algeria Angola Canada Ecuador Iraq Kuwait Mexico Nigeria Saudi Arabia Venezuala Other United States Total Mix to U.S. Refineries

Country Algeria Angola Canada Conventional* Ecuador Iraq Kuwait Mexico Nigeria Saudi Arabia Venezuala Other United States Total U.S. Production U.S. Exports *Excludes Canadian Oil Sands

Country Algeria Angola Canada Ecuador Iraq Kuwait Mexico Nigeria Saudi Arabia Venezuala Other United States 

# This worksheet utilizes estimated country-specific crude oil profiles to determine the GHG emissions profile for extraction of conventional crude oil fed to U.S. refineries in 2005.

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

134 kg N 2

## O/day 624 kg N 2

## O/day 651 kg N 2

## O/day 145 kg N 2

## O/day 172 kg N 2

## O/day 62 kg N 2

## O/day 1,000 kg N 2

## O/day 2,323 kg N 2

## O/day 328 kg N 2

## O/day 501 kg N 2

## O/day 1,034 kg N 2

## O/day 2,115 kg N 2

## O/day 9,089 kg N 2

## O/day 0.000618 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted

Emissions Factor Units Source/Comments Year 0.000588 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.001372 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.000590 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.000525 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.000329 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.000277 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.000644 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.002157 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.000228 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.000405 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 0.000711 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted Average of foreign extraction profiles 2002 0.000411 kg N 2

## O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Crude Oil Extraction N 2

## O Emissions Factor 

# This worksheet utilizes estimated country-specific crude oil profiles to determine the GHG emissions profile for extraction of conventional crude oil fed to U.S. refineries in 2005.

Crude Oil Extraction N 2

## O Emissions



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Extraction_US 2008 36

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Parameter Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Unfinished Oils Production 38.3 kg CO 2

### /bbl Unfinished Oils Production 21,806,095 kg CO 2

### /day Crude Oil Extraction 13,416,297 kg CO 2

### /day Partial refining of unfinished oils 8,389,797 kg CO 2

### /day Crude Oil Extraction 23.6 kg CO 2

### /bbl Refining Emissions Factor 85.8 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV Based on refinery emissions pool

Parameter Value Units Sources/Comments Year Energy for Unfinished Oils Refining 97,750 MMBtu HHV/day Atmospheric Distillation Energy Intensity 110 MBtu HHV/bbl Energy Intensities wksht Vacuum Distillation Energy Intensity 90 MBtu HHV/bbl Energy Intensities wksht Unnacountable Energy 25% Energy not included in modeled processes

Input Type Rate Units Sources/Comments Year Naphthas and Lighter 74,759 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Kerosene and Light Gas Oils -10,575 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Heavy Gas Oils 382,592 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Residuum 122,351 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Net Total Unfinished Oils 569,126 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Parameter Emissions Units Source/Comments Year NGL Production and Processing 5.33 kg CO 2

### /bbl NGL NGL Production and Processing 2,302,453 kg CO 2

### /day Natural Gas Production and Processing 3,769 kg CO 2

### /MMcf NG Natural Gas Production and Processing 133 tonnes CO 2

### /10 6

### m 3 

### CAPP, 2004 2000 Natural Gas Production 42.7 tonnes CO 2

### /10 6

### m 3 

### CAPP, 2004 2000 Natural Gas Processing 90.4 tonnes CO 2

### /10 6

### m 3 

### CAPP, 2004 2000

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year NGL Input to Refineries 432,044 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 NG Extraction Loss to NGL Ratio 0.00141 MMcf NG/bbl NGL NGL Extraction 619,884 Mbbl/yr EIA Natural Gas Navigator 2005 Extraction Loss 876,497 MMcf/yr EIA Natural Gas Navigator 2005 Energy Requirements

Unfinished Oils Input

NGL Refinery Input, Extraction and Conversion Data CO2

### Emissions for Delivered Natural Gas Liquids 

## This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions associated w ith unfinished oils and natural gas liquids extraction and production for use in U.S. refineries. For unfinished oils, the profile is a combination of the crude oil extraction and transport profile and refinery distillation operations. The natural gas liquids profile is based on emissions associated w ith natural gas production.

CO2

### Emissions for Delivered Unfinished Oils



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls NGL & Unfinished Oils_US 2008 37

## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US 2008 38

## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US 2008 39

### Emissions Units Source/Comments Year 0.544 kg CH 4

### /bbl 309,722 kg CH 4

### /day 299,702 kg CH 4

### /day 10,020 kg CH 4

### /day 0.527 kg CH 4

### /bbl 0.103 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV Based on refinery emissions pool

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

0.105 kg CH 4

### /bbl NGL 45,496 kg CH 4

### /day 74.5 kg CO 2

### /MMcf NG 2.63 tonnes CH 4

### /10 6

### m 3 

### 2.34 tonnes CH 4

### /10 6

### m 3 

### CAPP, 2004 2000 0.29 tonnes CH 4

### /10 6

### m 3 

### CAPP, 2004 2000 

## This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions associated w ith unfinished oils and natural gas liquids extraction and production for use in U.S. refineries. For unfinished oils, the profile is a combination of the crude oil extraction and transport profile and refinery distillation operations. The natural gas liquids profile is based on emissions associated w ith natural gas production.

Methane Emissions for Delivered Unfinished Oils

Methane Emissions for Delivered Natural Gas Liquids Unfinished Oils GHG Emissions

Natural Gas Liquids GHG Emissions



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls NGL & Unfinished Oils_US 2008 40

## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US 2008 41

## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US 2008 42

### Emissions Units Source/Comments Year 0.000877 kg N 2

### O/bbl 499 kg N 2

### O/day 353 kg N 2

### O/day 147 kg N 2

### O/day 0.000620 kg N 2

### O/bbl 0.00150 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu HHV Based on refinery emissions pool

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year 0.000288 kg N 2

### O/bbl NGL 125 kg N 2

### O/day 0.204 kg CO 2

### /MMcf NG 0.00720 tonnes N 2

### O/10 6

### m 3 

### 0.0040 tonnes N 2

### O/10 6

### m 3 

### CAPP, 2004 2000 0.0032 tonnes N 2

### O/10 6

### m 3 

### CAPP, 2004 2000 

## This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions associated w ith unfinished oils and natural gas liquids extraction and production for use in U.S. refineries. For unfinished oils, the profile is a combination of the crude oil

N 2

### O Emissions for Delivered Unfinished Oils

N 2

### O Emissions for Delivered Natural Gas Liquids



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls NGL & Unfinished Oils_US 2008 43

## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US 2008 44

## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US 2008 45

## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US 2008 46

## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US 2008 47

## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US 2008 48Return to Contents Worksheet

Input Type Quantity Input Units Year CO 2 U.S. W ghtd Average Profile 104 kg CO 2/bbl Blended Bitumen 80.8 kg CO 2/bbl Imperial Oil Resources Cold Lake 2005 Synthetic 122 kg CO 2/bbl Syncrude Canada Ltd. 2005 Methane U.S. W ghtd Average Profile 0.247 kg CH 4/bbl Blended Bitumen 0.00943 kg CH 4/bbl Imperial Oil Resources Cold Lake 2005 Synthetic 0.426 kg CH 4/bbl Syncrude Canada Ltd. 2005 Nitrous Oxide U.S. W ghtd Average Profile 0.00283 kg N 2O/bbl Blended Bitumen 0.00114 kg N 2O/bbl Imperial Oil Resources Cold Lake 2005 Synthetic 0.00410 kg N 2O/bbl Syncrude Canada Ltd. 2005

Input Type Quantity Input Units Year Blended Bitumen 227,188 bpd NEB 2006 2005 Light Synthetic 187,116 bpd NEB 2006 2005 Heavy Synthetic 113,242 bpd NEB 2006 2005 Total 527,545 bpd 2005 Blended Bitumen 36,120 m3/day NEB 2006 2005 Light Synthetic 29,749 m3/day NEB 2006 2005 Heavy Synthetic 18,004 m3/day NEB 2006 2005 

## This worksheet contains the profile for Canada Oil Sands contribution to crude oil mix input to

2005 U.S. Imports of Canadian Oil Sands Canadian Oil SandsEmissions Profile

Sources/Comments Sources/Comments



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Oil Sands-Bitumen 2008 49Company Location Production (bpd) Production

(bbl/yr) % of Identified

Production Year

Syncrude Canada Ltd. Mildred Lake and Aurora North Plant Sites 214,000 78,110,000 20% 2005

Suncor Energy Inc. Oil Sands 22 km NE of Fort McMurray 171,000 62,415,000 16% 2005

Imperial Oil Resources Cold Lake 139,000 50,735,000 13% 2005

EnCana Christina Lake 2,680 978,200 0% 2005

EnCana Foster Creek SAGD Bitumen Battery 14,510 5,296,150 1% 2005

Albian Sands Energy Inc. Muskeg River Mine 155,000 56,575,000 15% 2005

Shell Canada Limited Scotford Upgrader and Upgrader Cogeneration Upgrader SW32- 55-21-W4 Upgrader Cogeneration NW 3, Fort Saskatchewan

Petro-Canada MacKay River, InSitu Oil Sands Plant 21,300 7,774,500 2% 2005

Japan Canada Oil Sands Limited Hangingstone SAGD Demonstration Facility Other 345,533 126,119,545 33%

Total 1,063,023 388,003,395 100% 2005 Sources/Comments http://sustainability.syncrude.ca/sust ainability2005/financial_economic/2 005_results.shtml http://www.oilsandsconference.com/ downloads/presentations/CurrentMi ners/SuncorEnergy.pdf http://www.secinfo.com/dRX7g.v3n.d .htm http://www.encana.com/operations/c anada/christinalake/index.htm http://www.encana.com/operations/c anada/fostercreek/index.htm

http://www.energy.gov.ab.ca/OilS ands/pdfs/pub_osgenbrf2005.pdf http://www.whitfieldoil.com/download s/PetroCanadaFastFacts.pdf Company Specific Production Data for Canadian Oil Sands Production in 2005

Included in above

Not Available



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Oil Sands-Bitumen 2008 50Company Location CO2 Emissions (tonnes) CH 4Emissions

(tonnes) N 2O Emissions

(tons) CO2 Emissions

(kg/bbl) CH 4Emissions

(kg/bbl) N 2O Emissions

(kg/bbl) Sources/Comments Year

Syncrude Canada Ltd. Mildred Lake and Aurora North Plant Sites 9,559,462 33,263 320 122 0.426 0.00410 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil =201&year=2005 2005

Suncor Energy Inc. Oil Sands 22 km NE of Fort McMurray 7,211,688 19,041 267 116 0.305 0.00429 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil =479&year=2005 2005
Imperial Oil Resources Cold Lake 4,100,101 478 57.8 80.8 0.00943 0.00114 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil =84&year=2005 2005

EnCana Christina Lake 110,052 14.7 0.56 113 0.0150 0.000572 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil =653&year=2005 2005

EnCana Foster Creek SAGD Bitumen Battery 261,594 14.4 1.49 49.4 0.00271 0.000281 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil =625&year=2005 2005

Albian Sands Energy Inc. Muskeg River Mine 192,633 1,895 46.8 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil =539&year=2005 2005

Shell Canada Limited Scotford Upgrader and Upgrader Cogeneration Upgrader SW32- 55-21-W4 Upgrader Cogeneration NW 3, Fort Saskatchewan 1,915,546 210 39.0 37.3 0.0372 0.00152 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil =5&year=2005 2005

Petro-Canada MacKay River, InSitu Oil Sands Plant 121,961 2,312 7.12 15.7 0.297 0.000916 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil =113&year=2005 2005

Japan Canada Oil Sands Limited Hangingstone SAGD Demonstration Facility 210,955 15.5 60.7 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil =377&year=2005 2005 Inlcuded in below Company Specific Emissions Data for Canadian Oil Sands Production in 2005



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Oil Sands-Bitumen 2008 51

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Country Exporting Gasoline bpd % of Total kg CO2

### /bbl crude oil kg CH 4

### /bbl

crude oil kg N 2

### O/bbl

crude oil Source/Comments Year ALGERIA 2,463 0% 24.0 0.435 0.000588 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile ANGOLA 403 0% 41.7 1.586 0.001372 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile ARGENTINA 24,099 2% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile ARUBA 893 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile AUSTRALIA 110 0% 23.4 0.211 0.000463 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile BAHAMAS, The 1,449 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile BELGIUM 29,562 3% 13.2 0.308 0.000340 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile BRAZIL 4,570 0% 18.3 0.683 0.000446 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile BULGARIA 1,482 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile CANADA 174,436 16% 35.1 0.366 0.000995 See below CHILE 7,882 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile CHINA, PEOPLES REP 2,277 0% 25.8 0.605 0.000667 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile COLOMBIA 1,474 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile CONGO (BRAZZAVILLE) 348 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile DENMARK 2,340 0% 15.3 0.358 0.000395 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile ECUADOR 2,699 0% 21.4 0.388 0.000525 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile EGYPT 6,603 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile ESTONIA 25,652 2% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile FINLAND 14,362 1% 15.9 0.372 0.000410 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile FRANCE 39,222 4% 15.0 0.561 0.000366 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile GABON 66 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile GEORGIA 274 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile GERMANY 28,162 3% 16.2 0.379 0.000418 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile GHANA 1,479 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile INDIA 10,616 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile INDONESIA 296 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile IRELAND 2,825 0% 15.3 0.358 0.000395 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile ITALY 34,285 3% 19.6 0.460 0.000507 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile JAPAN 2,482 0% 16.0 0.376 0.000415 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile KOREA, SOUTH 4,899 0% 11.3 0.090 0.000228 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia KUWAIT 137 0% 13.7 0.109 0.000277 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile LATVIA 18,803 2% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile LITHUANIA 19,047 2% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile MALAYSIA 1,693 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile Crude Oil Extraction Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Gasoline to the U.S. in 2005 

## This worksheet develops the GHG emissions profile for crude oil extraction for the crude oil mix to foreign refineries which exported transportation fuels to the U.S. in 2005. The result is a separate profile for gasoline, diesel and jet fuel based on a weighted average of the country of export. Canada and Virgin Islands profiles are developed in greater detail due to the higher volume of imports from these locations.

Imported Finished Motor Gasoline and Motor Gasoline Blending Components



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Extraction_Imports 2008 52

### MARTINIQUE 699 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

MEXICO 1,611 0% 19.6 0.744 0.000644 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile NETHERLANDS 115,934 10% 12.0 0.280 0.000309 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 5,644 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile NIGERIA 15,367 1% 65.6 2.494 0.002157 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile NORWAY 14,718 1% 4.3 0.039 0.000086 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile PERU 3,208 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile POLAND 88 0% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile PORTUGAL 9,293 1% 26.0 0.970 0.000633 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile QATAR 110 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile ROMANIA 2,896 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile RUSSIA 68,255 6% 16.6 0.619 0.000404 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile SAUDI ARABIA 18,460 2% 11.3 0.090 0.000228 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile SINGAPORE 2,364 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile SPAIN 24,364 2% 22.4 0.837 0.000546 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile SW EDEN 14,142 1% 11.4 0.267 0.000294 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile TAIWAN 3,841 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile THAILAND 189 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 8,995 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile TURKEY 11,584 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile TURKMENISTAN 542 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile UNITED KINGDOM 114,118 10% 8.6 0.200 0.000221 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile URUGUAY 3,192 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile VENEZUELA 83,745 8% 16.5 0.299 0.000405 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 115,967 10% 23.0 0.636 0.000655 See below Imported Gasoline Mix 1,106,712 100% 19.3 0.431 0.000518
% of Gasoline Mix using Average Profile 9%



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Extraction_Imports 2008 53

### Country bpd % of Total kg CO2

### /bbl crude oil kg CH 4

### /bbl

crude oil kg N 2

### O/bbl

crude oil Source/Comments Year ALGERIA 819 1% 24.0 0.435 0.000588 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile ARUBA 12,729 8% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile BELGIUM 1,296 1% 13.2 0.308 0.000340 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile CANADA 58,710 37% 35.1 0.366 0.000995 See below DENMARK 2,074 1% 15.3 0.358 0.000395 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile ESTONIA 1,186 1% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile FRANCE 389 0% 15.0 0.561 0.000366 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile GERMANY 764 0% 16.2 0.379 0.000418 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile INDONESIA 1,868 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile JAPAN 1,729 1% 16.0 0.376 0.000415 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile KAZAKHSTAN 564 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile KOREA, SOUTH 4,542 3% 11.3 0.090 0.000228 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia KUWAIT 633 0% 13.7 0.109 0.000277 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile LATVIA 1,751 1% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile LITHUANIA 370 0% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile NETHERLANDS 8,279 5% 12.0 0.280 0.000309 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 318 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile NORWAY 712 0% 4.3 0.039 0.000086 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile PHILIPPINES 110 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile RUSSIA 99 0% 16.6 0.619 0.000404 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile SINGAPORE 2,044 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile SW EDEN 1,197 1% 11.4 0.267 0.000294 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile TAIWAN 1,449 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile UNITED KINGDOM 814 1% 8.6 0.200 0.000221 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile VENEZUELA 3,734 2% 16.5 0.299 0.000405 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 48,984 31% 23.0 0.636 0.000655 See below Total Imports 157,164 100% 24.9 0.441 0.000690

% of Diesel Mix using Average Profile 12% Imported Highway Diesel (<500 ppm) Crude Oil Extraction Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Gasoline to the U.S. in 2005



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Extraction_Imports 2008 54

### Country bpd % of Total kg CO2

### /bbl crude oil kg CH 4

### /bbl

crude oil kg N 2

### O/bbl

crude oil Source/Comments Year ALGERIA 1,458 1% 24.0 0.435 0.000588 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile ARGENTINA 490 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile ARUBA 8,140 4% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile BELGIUM 786 0% 13.2 0.308 0.000340 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile CANADA 11,408 6% 35.1 0.366 0.000995 See below CHINA, PEOPLES REP 282 0% 25.8 0.605 0.000667 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile COLOMBIA 1,181 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile FRANCE 2,329 1% 15.0 0.561 0.000366 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile INDIA 4,236 2% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile IRAQ 1,962 1% 13.4 0.243 0.000329 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile JAPAN 3,345 2% 16.0 0.376 0.000415 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile KOREA, SOUTH 41,641 22% 11.3 0.090 0.000228 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia KUWAIT 7,173 4% 13.7 0.109 0.000277 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile MALAYSIA 548 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile MEXICO 5,178 3% 19.6 0.744 0.000644 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile NETHERLANDS 1,570 1% 12.0 0.280 0.000309 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 449 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile QATAR 68 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile RUSSIA 890 0% 16.6 0.619 0.000404 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile SAUDI ARABIA 8,074 4% 11.3 0.090 0.000228 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile SINGAPORE 12,745 7% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile TAIWAN 11,701 6% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 2,521 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile UNITED KINGDOM 288 0% 8.6 0.200 0.000221 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile VENEZUELA 29,847 16% 16.5 0.299 0.000405 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 31,740 17% 23.0 0.636 0.000655 See below Total Imports 190,049 100% 17.2 0.347 0.000437
% of Gasoline Mix using Average Profile 22% Crude Oil Extraction Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel to the U.S. in 2005 Imported Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Extraction_Imports 2008 55

### Country kg CO2

### /bbl kg CH 4

### /bbl kg N 2

### O/bbl Source/Comments Year

Algeria 24.021 0.435 0.000588 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Angola 41.695 1.586 0.001372 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Iraq 13.417 0.243 0.000329 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Nigeria 65.568 2.494 0.002157 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Saudi Arabia 11.280 0.090 0.000228 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Venezuela 16.543 0.299 0.000405 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Russia 16.568 0.619 0.000404 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Norway 4.348 0.039 0.000086 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 United Kingdom 8.555 0.200 0.000221 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 United States 20.330 0.162 0.000411 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Mexico 19.560 0.744 0.000644 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Equador 21.440 0.388 0.000525 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Other 24.7 0.635 0.000684 Average of foreign profiles 2002 Canada (Light+Heavy) 24.1 0.436 0.000590 Excludes Canadian Oil Sands; adjusted U.S. profile 2002 Canada Synthetic (Light) 122 0.426 0.00410 Syncrude Canada Ltd. 2005 Canada Crude Bitumen 80.8 0.00943 0.00114 Imperial Oil Resources Cold Lake 2005 Condensates + Pentane 5.33 0.105 0.000288 Same as profile for NGL fed to U.S. refineries (based on Canadian natural gas emissions data) Mix to Canadian Refineries 35.1 0.366 0.000995

Country bpd Thousand
m 3

### / year % of

Imports Source/Comments Year Algeria 163,170 9,469 18% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Angola 15,652 908 2% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Iraq 65,531 3,803 7% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Nigeria 24,570 1,426 3% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Saudi Arabia 75,574 4,386 8% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Venezuela 48,342 2,805 5% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Russia 21,759 1,263 2% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Norway 240,579 13,961 26% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 United Kingdom 145,808 8,461 16% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 United States 21,130 1,226 2% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Mexico 37,103 2,153 4% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Equador 6,054 351 1% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Other Imports 61,587 3,574 7% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Canada (Light+Heavy) 558,370 32,402 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005 Canada Synthetic (Light) 255,663 14,836 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005 Canada Crude Bitumen 70,056 4,065 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005 Condensates + Pentane 34,885 2,024 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005 Crude Oil Extraction/Synthetic Oil Processing Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Canada

Crude Oil Input to Canada Canadian Profile



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Extraction_Imports 2008 56

### Country kg CO2

### /bbl kg CH 4

### /bbl kg N 2

### O/bbl Source/Comments Year

Angola 41.7 1.586 0.001372 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Colombia 16.5 0.299 0.000405 Assumed same as Venezuela Ivory Coast 41.7 1.586 0.001372 Assumed same as Angola Gabon 41.7 1.586 0.001372 Assumed same as Angola Iraq 13.4 0.243 0.000329 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Nigeria 65.6 2.494 0.002157 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Norway 4.3 0.039 0.000086 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Peru 21.4 0.388 0.000525 Assumed same as Equador United Kingdom 8.6 0.200 0.000221 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Venezuela 16.5 0.299 0.000405 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002 Mix to Virgin Islands Refineries 23.0 0.636 0.000655

Country bpd % of Total Mbbl/yr Source/Comments Year Angola 7,984 2% 2,914 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Colombia 8,858 2% 3,233 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Ivory Coast 2,584 1% 943 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Gabon 65,479 14% 23,900 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Iraq 1,233 0% 450 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Nigeria 29,945 6% 10,930 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Norway 28,162 6% 10,279 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Peru 989 0% 361 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 United Kingdom 8,395 2% 3,064 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Venezuela 307,767 67% 112,335 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Crude Oil Extraction/Synthetic Oil Processing Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Virgin Islands Virgin Islands Profile

Crude Oil Input to Virgin Islands



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Extraction_Imports 2008 57

## Return to Contents Worksheet

Country kg CO2

## /bbl extracted kg CH 4

## /bbl

extracted kg N 2

## O/bbl

extracted GWP kg

CO2 

## E/bbl Source/Comments Year Methane Emissions Profile Algeria 24.0 0.43 0.000588 35.07 See comments 2002 Moderate Angola 41.7 1.59 0.001372 81.75 See comments 2002 High Canada 24.1 0.44 0.000590 35.17 Excludes Canadian Oil Sands; adjusted U.S. profile 2002 Moderate Ecuador 21.4 0.39 0.000525 31.30 See comments 2002 Moderate Iraq 13.4 0.24 0.000329 19.59 See comments 2002 Moderate Kuwait 13.7 0.11 0.000277 16.50 See comments 2002 Low Mexico 19.6 0.74 0.000644 38.35 See comments 2002 High Nigeria 65.6 2.49 0.002157 128.56 See comments 2002 High Saudi Arabia 11.3 0.09 0.000228 13.59 See comments 2002 Low Venezuela 16.5 0.30 0.000405 24.15 See comments 2002 Moderate United States 20.3 0.16 0.000411 24.49 See comments 2002 Low Foreign Average Extraction 25.1 0.68 0.000711 42.4 

# This worksheet provides the estimated crude oil extraction emissions profiles. This includes both profiles for extraction of crude oil from its country of origin and for the mix consumed by various countries. The extraction and delivery components have been estimated using the same split occurring for crude oil to U.S. refineries. Estimated profiles are extracted from total GWP reported for each country using a categorization of individual emissions profiles.

Crude Oil Emissions Profiles - Extraction only by Country

of Origin



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Profiles 2008 58

## Country kg CO2

## /bbl delivered kg CH 4

## /bbl

delivered kg N 2

## O/bbl

delivered GWP kg

CO2 

## E/bbl Source/Comments Year Methane Emissions Profile Australia 31.3 0.212 0.000582 36.7 See comments 2002 Low Belgium 17.6 0.311 0.000428 25.5 See comments 2002 Moderate Brazil 24.4 0.689 0.000561 41.8 See comments 2002 High China 34.5 0.610 0.000839 50.0 See comments 2002 Moderate EU-15 20.4 0.361 0.000496 29.6 See comments 2002 Moderate EU-25 20.7 0.366 0.000503 30.0 See comments 2002 Moderate Finland 21.2 0.375 0.000516 30.8 See comments 2002 Moderate France 20.1 0.566 0.000461 34.3 See comments 2002 High Germany 21.6 0.382 0.000525 31.3 See comments 2002 Moderate Italy 26.2 0.464 0.000638 38.0 See comments 2002 Moderate Japan 21.4 0.379 0.000521 31.1 See comments 2002 Moderate Netherlands 16.0 0.282 0.000388 23.2 See comments 2002 Moderate Norway 5.8 0.039 0.000108 6.8 See comments 2002 Low Portugal 34.7 0.978 0.000796 59.4 See comments 2002 High Russia 22.1 0.624 0.000508 37.9 See comments 2002 High Spain 29.9 0.844 0.000687 51.2 See comments 2002 High Sweden 15.2 0.269 0.000370 22.1 See comments 2002 Moderate United Kingdom 11.4 0.202 0.000278 16.6 See comments 2002 Moderate Foreign Average Del'd 21.92 0.442 0.000511 33.1 Average of estimated profiles 2002

LC Stage #1 Break-Out 75% 99% 80% Based on break-out of crude oil to U.S. refineries (ex oil sands) Crude Oil Emissions Profile - Extraction and Transport by Consuming Country



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Profiles 2008 59

## Country kg CO2

## /bbl delivered kg CH 4

## /bbl

delivered kg N 2

## O/bbl

delivered GWP kg

CO2 

## E/bbl Source/Comments Year Australia 23.4 0.211 0.000463 28.8 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Belgium 13.2 0.308 0.000340 21.0 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Brazil 18.3 0.683 0.000446 35.5 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. China 25.8 0.605 0.000667 41.1 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. EU-15 15.3 0.358 0.000395 24.3 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. EU-25 15.5 0.363 0.000400 24.7 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Finland 15.9 0.372 0.000410 25.3 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. France 15.0 0.561 0.000366 29.2 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Germany 16.2 0.379 0.000418 25.8 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Italy 19.6 0.460 0.000507 31.3 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Japan 16.0 0.376 0.000415 25.6 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Netherlands 12.0 0.280 0.000309 19.1 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Norway 4.3 0.039 0.000086 5.35 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Portugal 26.0 0.970 0.000633 50.4 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Russia 16.6 0.619 0.000404 32.2 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Spain 22.4 0.837 0.000546 43.5 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Sweden 11.4 0.267 0.000294 18.2 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. United Kingdom 8.6 0.200 0.000221 13.6 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Average 16.4 0.438 0.000407 27.5 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Crude Oil Emissions Profile - Extraction only by Consuming Country



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Profiles 2008 60

## Country kg CO2

## /bbl delivered kg CH 4

## /bbl

delivered kg N 2

## O/bbl

delivered GWP kg

CO2 

## E/bbl Source/Comments Year Australia 7.9 0.002 0.000119 7.94 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Belgium 4.4 0.003 0.000088 4.51 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Brazil 6.1 0.006 0.000115 6.32 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. China 8.7 0.005 0.000172 8.85 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. EU-15 5.1 0.003 0.000102 5.24 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. EU-25 5.2 0.003 0.000103 5.31 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Finland 5.3 0.003 0.000106 5.45 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. France 5.0 0.005 0.000094 5.19 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Germany 5.4 0.003 0.000107 5.54 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Italy 6.6 0.004 0.000130 6.73 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Japan 5.4 0.003 0.000107 5.50 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Netherlands 4.0 0.002 0.000079 4.10 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Norway 1.5 0.000 0.000022 1.48 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Portugal 8.7 0.008 0.000163 8.97 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Russia 5.6 0.005 0.000104 5.72 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Spain 7.5 0.007 0.000141 7.74 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Sweden 3.8 0.002 0.000076 3.90 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. United Kingdom 2.9 0.002 0.000057 2.93 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Average 5.51 0.00356 0.0001046 5.63 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S. Crude Oil Emissions Profile - Transport only by Consuming Country



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Profiles 2008 61

## Flared Hydrocarb ons (lb/lb) Vented

Hydrocarbon s (lb/lb) Year Algeria 0.0300 0.0041 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002 Angola 0.0610 0.0170 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002 Canada 0.0072 0.0043 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002 Equador 0.0330 0.0011 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002 Iraq 0.0059 0.0017 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002 Kuwait 0.0007 0.0025 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002 Mexico 0.0220 0.0055 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002 Nigeria 0.1000 0.0290 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002 Saudi Arabia 0.0003 0.000092 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002 Venezuela 0.0130 0.00160 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002 U.S. 0.0037 0.00094 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002

Crude Oil Density (kg/bbl) Year Algeria 128 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005 Angola 138 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005 Canada 140 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005 Equador 146 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005 Iraq 139 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005 Kuwait 140 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005 Mexico 145 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005 Nigeria 135 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005 Saudi Arabia 138 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005 Venezuela 146 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005 U.S. 137 Derived from EIA, 2009 2005 Flared and Vented Hydrocarbons during Crude Oil Extraction

Crude Oil Densities and Extraction Profiles Source/Comments

Source/Comments



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Profiles 2008 62

## Parameter Value Units Source Year

Emissions per Flare Ratio 2.86 kg CO 2

## /kg flared Est. Baseline Value 0.097 kg CO 2

## /kg crude oil Estimated from country-specific data Est. Flared Gas Properties Assumes flared gas has composition of natural gas Density 19.1 g/scf API 2004 Energy Content 1,027 Btu HHV/scf EIA 2008 CO2

## Emissions Factor 53.1 kg CO 2

## /MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 Emissions per Vented Ratio 0.75 kg CH 4

## /kg vented Estimated from country-specific data Flared and Vented Hydrocarbons during Crude Oil Extraction



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Crude Oil Profiles 2008 63

# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Profiles 2008 64

# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Profiles 2008 65

# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Profiles 2008 66

# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Profiles 2008 67

# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Profiles 2008 68

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Gasoline Diesel Kerosene/ Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends Total kg CO2

### / bbl refined 7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35 kg CO2

### /MMBtu LHV 1.50 1.33 1.41 kg CH 4

### / bbl refined 0.00398 0.00398 0.00398 0.00398 0.00398 0.00398 0.00398 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu LHV 0.000813 0.000721 0.000760 kg N 2

### O / bbl refined 0.000148 0.000148 0.000148 0.000148 0.000148 0.000148 0.000148 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu LHV 0.0000302 0.0000268 0.0000283 Total Production(bpd) 7,815,792 3,954,378 1,611,395 627,600 834,877 1,683,562 753,830 17,281,433 4.892 5.512 5.230

Quantity Inputed CO2

### Emissions CH 4

### Emissions N 2

### O Emissions CO2

### Emissions CH 4

### Emissions N 2

### O Emissions
bpd kg CO2

### /day kg CH 4

### /day kg N 2

### O/day kg CO2

### /bbl delivered kg CH 4

### /bbl

delivered kg N 2

### O/bbl

delivered Crude oil ocean transport 8,919,589 49,538,804 3,612 1,260 5.55 0.000405 0.000141 Crude oil exporting country transport 10,093,384 8,738,899 10,150 113 0.866 0.00101 0.0000112 Crude oil U.S. transport 15,220,088 62,306,863 51,296 1,053 4.09 0.00337 0.0000692 Crude oil total transport 15,220,088 120,584,566 65,058 2,426 7.92 0.00427 0.000159 NGL transport 432,044 1,962,697 1,215 38.6 4.54 0.00281 0.0000893 Unfinished oils transport 569,126 4,509,029 2,433 90.7 7.92 0.00427 0.000159 Total 16,221,258 127,056,293 68,706 2,555 7.83 0.00424 0.000158

Conventional Gasoline Conventional

Diesel Kerosene-Based

Jet Fuel kg CO2

### / bbl refined 3.632 3.23 3.47 kg CO2

### /MMBtu LHV 0.743 0.587 0.663 kg CH 4

### / bbl refined 0.00225 0.00151 0.00169 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu LHV 0.000460 0.000275 0.000324 kg N 2

### O / bbl refined 0.0000713 0.0000669 0.0000718 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu LHV 0.0000146 0.0000121 0.0000137

Product Quantity Imported CO2

### Emissions CH 4

### Emissions N 2

### O Emissions
bbl product/day kg CO2

### /bbl crude oil delivered kg CH 4

### /bbl crude

oil delivered kg N 2

### O/bbl crude

oil delivered Conventional Gasoline 1,106,712 3.87 0.00240 0.0000759 Conventional Diesel 157,164 3.45 0.00161 0.0000713 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 190,049 3.69 0.00180 0.0000765

Crude Oil to Product Conversion Factor 1.065 bbl product refined / bbl crude oil input

N 2

### O Emissions

Average product energy content (MMBtu LHV/bbl) 

## This worksheet summarizes the GHG emissions associated with feedstock transport to U.S. and foreign refineries. The emissions are per barrel of feedstock delivered to the refinery thus losses associated with crude oil transport are incorporated. For the emissions assigned to refinery products, the emissions are per barrel or MMBtu LHV of product refined. Conversion from barrels of crude oil to barrels of product for imported products is based on the same ratio occurring at U.S. refineries in 2005.

Summary of Foreign RefineryFeedstock Transport GHG Emissions Profile Life Cycle Stages #2 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product for Feedstocks to Foreign Refineries

CO2

### Emissions

Methane Emissions

N 2

### O Emissions Summary of U.S. RefineryFeedstock Transport GHG Emissions Profile Life Cycle Stages #2 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product for Feedstocks to U.S. Refineries

CO2

### Emissions

Methane Emissions



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Feedstock Transport 2008 69

## Return to Contents Worksheet

Quantity Imported Transport Intensity CO 2

## Emissions CH 4

## Emissions N 2

## O Emissions CO 2

## Emissions CH 4

## Emissions N 2

## O Emissions
bpd bbl-nautical miles/day kg CO 2

## /day kg CH 4

## /day kg N 2

## O/day kg CO 2

## /bbl delivered kg CH 4

## /bbl

delivered kg N 2

## O/bbl

delivered Total Waterborne Imports 8,919,589 5.70E+10 49,538,804 3,612 1,260 5.55 0.000405 0.000141 Algeria 228,381 1.02E+09 883,792 64.4 22.5 3.87 0.000282 0.000098 Angola 455,249 3.07E+09 2,665,744 194.4 67.8 5.86 0.000427 0.000149 Canada Waterborne 456,329 3.08E+08 267,687 19.5 6.8 0.59 0.000043 0.000015 Ecuador 275,973 1.56E+09 1,356,037 98.9 34.5 4.91 0.000358 0.000125 Iraq 522,805 6.47E+09 5,621,761 409.9 143.0 10.75 0.000784 0.000273 Kuwait 222,548 2.79E+09 2,423,303 176.7 61.6 10.89 0.000794 0.000277 Mexico 1,553,496 1.65E+09 1,432,613 104.4 36.4 0.92 0.000067 0.000023 Nigeria 1,076,816 6.11E+09 5,309,390 387.1 135.0 4.93 0.000359 0.000125 Saudi Arabia 1,437,458 1.73E+10 15,017,351 1,094.9 381.9 10.45 0.000762 0.000266 Venezuela 1,236,753 2.21E+09 1,923,680 140.3 48.9 1.56 0.000113 0.000040 Other 1,453,781 1.45E+10 12,637,448 921.4 321.4 8.69 0.000634 0.000221 Canada Pipeline 1,173,795 *Canadian Waterborne Imports Only - Estimated from 2005 Waterborne Commerce Data (U.S. Army Corp of Engineers)

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year Crude Carrier Energy Intensity (roundtrip) 11.0 Btu HHV/bbl-mile Crude Carrier Energy Intensity (one-way) 5.5 Btu HHV/bbl-mile See evaluation at bottom of wksht Roundtrip Factor 2.0 Heavy fuel oil CO 2

## Emissions Factor 78.8 kg CO 2

## /MMBtu HHV EIA - see comments box Heavy fuel oil CH 4

## Emissions Factor 0.00575 kg CH 4

## /MMBtu HHV Heavy fuel oil N 2

## O Emissions Factor 0.00200 kg N 2

## O/MMBtu HHV Heavy fuel oil CH 4

## Emissions Factor 0.86 g CH 4

## /gal fuel EIA - see comments box Heavy fuel oil N 2

## O Emissions Factor 0.30 g N 2

## O/gal fuel EIA - see comments box Heavy fuel oil energy intensity 6.29 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

- Crude oil transport loss factor 1.00286 Crude Carrier Factors Summary

of Crude Oil Ocean Transport GHG Emissions Profile 

# This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions associated w ith crude oil transport from the top ten crude oil importing countries in 2005. Quantity x distance traveled are estimated using EIA data and Portworld.com. This is then combined w ith estimated crude carrier energy intensities and the emissions factors for heavy fuel oil to determine the GHG emissions.

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Ocean Transport_US 2008 70

## U.S. Port City Quantity Imported (Mbbls) Distance from Foreign Port (nautical miles) Quantity x Distance (bbl-nautical miles) Comments Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals Country Algeria Export Port Arzew BATON ROUGE, LA 2,794 4,375 1.222E+10 Distance to New Orleans BEAUMONT, TX 3,980 4,931 1.963E+10 CORPUS CHRIS, TX 9,228 5,080 4.688E+10 FREEPORT, TX 1,363 4,978 6.785E+09 GRAMERCY, LA 8,413 4,375 3.681E+10 Distance to New Orleans HOUSTON, TX 6,105 4,988 3.045E+10 LAKE CHARLES, LA 500 4,916 2.458E+09 Distance to Port Arthur, TX MARCUS HOOK, PA 8,084 3,585 2.898E+10 Distance to W ilmington, DE MOBILE, AL 14,416 4,671 6.734E+10 NEWORLEANS, LA 882 4,375 3.859E+09 NEWARK, NJ 523 3,460 1.810E+09 Distance to NY PAULSBORO, NJ 10,686 3,585 3.831E+10 Distance to W ilmington, DE PHILADELPHIA, PA 769 3,585 2.757E+09 Distance to W ilmington, DE PORT ARTHUR, TX 7,855 4,916 3.862E+10 SABINE, TX 132 4,910 6.481E+08 ST ROSE, LA 5,431 4,375 2.376E+10 Distance to New Orleans TEXAS CITY, TX 1,387 4,960 6.880E+09 WI LMINGTON, DE 811 3,585 2.907E+09 Grand Total 83,359 4,452 3.711E+11



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Ocean Transport_US 2008 71

## U.S. Port City Quantity Imported (Mbbls) Distance from Foreign Port (nautical miles) Quantity x Distance (bbl-nautical miles) Comments Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals Country An gola Export Port Luanda ANACORTES, WA 482 11,790 5.683E+09 BATON ROUGE, LA 28,325 6,480 1.835E+11 Distance to New Orleans BEAUMONT, TX 5,031 6,676 3.359E+10 BLAINE, WA 2,876 11,790 3.391E+10 Distance to Anacortes, WA CHICAGO, IL 1,077 5,700 6.139E+09 Distance to NY CORPUS CHRIS, TX 2,021 6,826 1.380E+10 EL SEGUNDO, CA 6,450 10,744 6.930E+10 FREEPORT, TX 6,341 6,724 4.264E+10 GRAMERCY, LA 2,875 6,480 1.863E+10 Distance to New Orleans HONOLU/PEARL, HA 534 10,263 5.480E+09 HOUSTON, TX 13,080 6,734 8.808E+10 LAKE CHARLES, LA 492 6,661 3.277E+09 Distance to Port Arthur, TX LONG BEACH, CA 3,273 10,730 3.512E+10 MARCUS HOOK, PA 3,839 5,778 2.218E+10 Distance to W ilmington, DE MARTINEZ, CA 3,189 11,048 3.523E+10 Distance to SF MOBILE, AL 2,365 6,416 1.517E+10 MORGAN CITY, LA 14,041 6,480 9.099E+10 Distance to New Orleans NEWORLEANS, LA 8,028 6,480 5.202E+10 NEWARK, NJ 20,311 5,700 1.158E+11 Distance to NY PAULSBORO, NJ 5,059 5,778 2.923E+10 Distance to W ilmington, DE PHILADELPHIA, PA 11,098 5,778 6.412E+10 Distance to W ilmington, DE PORT ARTHUR, TX 7,428 6,661 4.948E+10 ST ROSE, LA 200 6,480 1.296E+09 Distance to New Orleans TEXAS CITY, TX 2,428 6,706 1.628E+10 TOLEDO-SANDUSKY, OH 2,376 5,700 1.354E+10 Distance to NY WI LMINGTON, DE 12,947 5,778 7.481E+10 Grand Total 166,166 6,736 1.119E+12



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Ocean Transport_US 2008 72

## U.S. Port City Quantity Imported (Mbbls) Distance from Foreign Port (nautical miles) Quantity x Distance (bbl-nautical miles) Comments Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals Country Canada Export Port Vancouver/Hibernia ANACORTES, WA 20,482 ANCHORAGE, AK 3 1,315 3.945E+06 BLAINE, WA 913 BUFF-NIAG FL, NY 23,753 BUTTE, MT 1,161 CARQUINEZ ST, CA 441 760 3.352E+08 Distance to SF CHICAGO, IL 143,205 Pipeline import DENVER, CO 5,715 DETROIT, MI 25,401 DULUTH, MN 79,949 EL SEGUNDO, CA 294 1,088 3.199E+08 FORTUNA, ND 740 GALVESTON, TX 1,683 2,211 3.721E+09 GREAT FALLS, MT 10,000 HOUSTON, TX 2,856 2,243 6.406E+09 LONG BEACH, CA 723 1,103 7.975E+08 LOS ANGELES, CA 2,055 1,099 2.258E+09 MARCUS HOOK, PA 1,822 624 1.137E+09 Distance to W ilmington, DE MARTINEZ, CA 1,129 760 8.580E+08 Distance to SF MINNEAPOLIS, MN 20,008 Assume pipeline import MOBILE, AL 1,433 1,926 2.760E+09 NATRONA APRT, WY 18,362 NECHE, ND 16,746 NEWARK, NJ 24,536 486 1.192E+10 Distance to NY NEW PORT NEW S, VA 6,262 708 4.433E+09 Distance to Norfolk NORTHGATE, ND 7 PAULSBORO, NJ 10,392 624 6.485E+09 Distance to W ilmington, DE PHILADELPHIA, PA 336 624 2.097E+08 Distance to W ilmington, DE PORT ARTHUR, TX 740 2,171 1.607E+09 PORT HURON, MI 13,650 RAYMOND, MT 5,709 SALT LK CTY, UT 3,742 SANPABLO BAY, CA 300 760 2.280E+08 Distance to SF SAULT ST-MAR, MI 29,803 SEATTLE, WA 5,607 SHERW OOD, ND 289 

# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Ocean Transport_US 2008 73

## ST ROSE, LA 170 1,990 3.383E+08 Distance to New Orleans

SUPERIOR, W I 7,653 SW EETGRASS, MT 76,299 TACOMA, WA 176 124 2.182E+07 TOLEDO-SANDUSKY, OH 19,209 Assumed TURNER, MT 32 WI LMINGTON, DE 11,209 624 6.994E+09 Great Lake Traffic 100,000 616 6.156E+10 Study Estimate Based on source below* Grand Total* 166,560 675 1.124E+11 *Canadian Waterborne Imports Only - Estimated from 2005 Waterborne Commerce Data (U.S. Army Corp of Engineers)

U.S. Port City Quantity Imported (Mbbls) Distance from Foreign Port (nautical miles) Quantity x Distance (bbl-nautical miles) Comments Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals Country Ecuador Export Port Balao, Esmeraldas ANACORTES, WA 712 4,090 2.912E+09 BATON ROUGE, LA 886 10,713 9.492E+09 Distance to New Orleans CARQUINEZ ST, CA 14,043 3,348 4.702E+10 Distance to SF CORPUS CHRIS, TX 6,845 11,024 7.546E+10 EL SEGUNDO, CA 10,357 3,036 3.144E+10 FREEPORT, TX 1,110 10,946 1.215E+10 GALVESTON, TX 3,946 10,930 4.313E+10 HOUSTON, TX 1,855 10,963 2.034E+10 LAKE CHARLES, LA 10,440 10,894 1.137E+11 Distance to Port Arthur, TX LONG BEACH, CA 10,506 3,021 3.174E+10 LOS ANGELES, CA 13,788 3,023 4.168E+10 MARTINEZ, CA 18,350 3,348 6.144E+10 Distance to SF NEWORLEANS, LA 1,315 10,713 1.409E+10 PORT ARTHUR, TX 1,874 10,894 2.042E+10 SANFRANCISCO, CA 760 3,348 2.544E+09 TEXAS CITY, TX 1,357 10,934 1.484E+10 WI LMINGTON, DE 2,586 10,429 2.697E+10 Grand Total 100,730 5,653 5.694E+11



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Ocean Transport_US 2008 74

## U.S. Port City Quantity Imported (Mbbls) Distance from Foreign Port (nautical miles) Quantity x Distance (bbl-nautical miles) Comments Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals Country Iraq Export Port Umm Qasr BATON ROUGE, LA 4,699 12,440 5.846E+10 Distance to New Orleans BEAUMONT, TX 1,844 12,636 2.330E+10 BLAINE, WA 4,470 10,929 4.885E+10 Distance to Anacortes, WA CARQUINEZ ST, CA 1,457 11,265 1.641E+10 Distance to SF CORPUS CHRIS, TX 16,231 12,751 2.070E+11 EL SEGUNDO, CA 8,664 11,560 1.002E+11 FREEPORT, TX 2,487 12,653 3.147E+10 GALVESTON, TX 3,360 12,657 4.253E+10 HOUSTON, TX 46,953 12,690 5.958E+11 LONG BEACH, CA 11,864 11,575 1.373E+11 LOS ANGELES, CA 6,316 11,570 7.308E+10 MORGAN CITY, LA 34,556 12,440 4.299E+11 Distance to New Orleans NEWORLEANS, LA 4,553 12,440 5.664E+10 PASCAGOULA, MS 527 12,384 6.526E+09 PORT ARTHUR, TX 28,272 12,621 3.568E+11 RICHMOND, CA 5,859 11,263 6.599E+10 SABINE, TX 476 12,615 6.005E+09 TEXAS CITY, TX 8,236 12,661 1.043E+11 Grand Total 190,824 12,370 2.361E+12



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Ocean Transport_US 2008 75

## U.S. Port City Quantity Imported (Mbbls) Distance from Foreign Port (nautical miles) Quantity x Distance (bbl-nautical miles) Comments Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals Country Kuwait Export Port Mina al-Ahmadi BATON ROUGE, LA 903 12,403 1.120E+10 Distance to New Orleans CORPUS CHRIS, TX 16,733 12,713 2.127E+11 FREEPORT, TX 676 12,635 8.541E+09 GALVESTON, TX 1,728 12,619 2.181E+10 GRAMERCY, LA 3,854 12,403 4.780E+10 Distance to New Orleans HOUSTON, TX 12,720 12,652 1.609E+11 LOS ANGELES, CA 1,403 11,533 1.618E+10 MORGAN CITY, LA 25,908 12,403 3.213E+11 Distance to New Orleans NEWORLEANS, LA 3,156 12,403 3.914E+10 PASCAGOULA, MS 1,409 12,346 1.740E+10 TEXAS CITY, TX 12,147 12,623 1.533E+11 TOLEDO-SANDUSKY, OH 45 11,950 5.378E+08 WI LMINGTON, DE 548 12,005 6.579E+09 Grand Total 81,230 12,526 1.018E+12



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Ocean Transport_US 2008 76

## U.S. Port City Quantity Imported (Mbbls) Distance from Foreign Port (nautical miles) Quantity x Distance (bbl-nautical miles) Comments Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals Country Mexico Export Port Cayo Arcas BATON ROUGE, LA 12,937 612 7.917E+09 Distance to New Orleans BEAUMONT, TX 17,182 616 1.058E+10 BLAINE, WA 359 14,139 5.076E+09 Distance to Anacortes, WA CARQUINEZ ST, CA 7,114 13,397 9.531E+10 Distance to SF CORPUS CHRIS, TX 23,057 552 1.273E+10 EL SEGUNDO, CA 425 13,093 5.565E+09 FREEPORT, TX 4,362 560 2.443E+09 GALVESTON, TX 6,556 577 3.783E+09 GRAMERCY, LA 6,794 612 4.158E+09 Distance to New Orleans HIDALGO, TX 636 461 2.932E+08 Distance to Brownsville, TX HOUSTON, TX 151,477 610 9.240E+10 LAKE CHARLES, LA 38,330 599 2.296E+10 Distance to Port Arthur, TX LONG BEACH, CA 3,016 13,078 3.944E+10 LOS ANGELES, CA 5,845 13,080 7.645E+10 MARTINEZ, CA 1,299 13,397 1.740E+10 Distance to SF MOBILE, AL 8,304 671 5.572E+09 MORGAN CITY, LA 24,325 612 1.489E+10 Distance to New Orleans NEWORLEANS, LA 32,771 612 2.006E+10 PASCAGOULA, MS 72,883 642 4.679E+10 PAULSBORO, NJ 612 1,639 1.003E+09 Distance to W ilmington, DE PERTH AMBOY, NJ 5,519 1,700 9.382E+09 Distance to NY PORT ARTHUR, TX 103,487 599 6.199E+10 PORT SULPHUR, LA 93 612 5.692E+07 Distance to New Orleans RICHMOND, CA 1,617 13,402 2.167E+10 TEXAS CITY, TX 36,483 578 2.109E+10 WI LMINGTON, DE 1,543 1,639 2.529E+09 Grand Total 567,026 1,061 6.015E+11



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Ocean Transport_US 2008 77

## U.S. Port City Quantity Imported (Mbbls) Distance from Foreign Port (nautical miles) Quantity x Distance (bbl-nautical miles) Comments Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals Country Nigeria Export Port Bonny Island ANACORTES, WA 699 12,200 8.528E+09 BATON ROUGE, LA 2,305 5,897 1.359E+10 BEAUMONT, TX 1,194 6,093 7.275E+09 CHICAGO, IL 1,870 5,105 9.546E+09 Distance to NY CORPUS CHRIS, TX 25,875 6,244 1.616E+11 FREEPORT, TX 18,381 6,141 1.129E+11 GALVESTON, TX 16,461 6,119 1.007E+11 GRAMERCY, LA 2,996 5,897 1.767E+10 HONOLU/PEARL, HA 447 11,662 5.213E+09 HOUSTON, TX 23,048 6,151 1.418E+11 LONG BEACH, CA 946 11,140 1.054E+10 MARCUS HOOK, PA 22,305 5,183 1.156E+11 MOBILE, AL 849 5,833 4.952E+09 MORGAN CITY, LA 45,641 5,897 2.691E+11 NEWORLEANS, LA 62,431 5,897 3.682E+11 NEWARK, NJ 11,609 5,105 5.926E+10 PASCAGOULA, MS 5,938 5,841 3.468E+10 PAULSBORO, NJ 20,711 5,183 1.073E+11 PHILADELPHIA, PA 87,953 5,183 4.559E+11 PORT ARTHUR, TX 8,336 6,078 5.067E+10 ST ROSE, LA 1,486 5,897 8.763E+09 TEXAS CITY, TX 2,175 6,124 1.332E+10 WI LMINGTON, DE 29,382 5,183 1.523E+11 Grand Total 393,038 5,672 2.229E+12



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Ocean Transport_US 2008 78

## U.S. Port City Quantity Imported (Mbbls) Distance from Foreign Port (nautical miles) Quantity x Distance (bbl-nautical miles) Comments Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals Country Saudi Arabia Export Port Ras Tanura ANACORTES, WA 6,978 10,751 7.502E+10 BATON ROUGE, LA 3,337 12,263 4.092E+10 BEAUMONT, TX 7,022 12,459 8.749E+10 BLAINE, WA 3,916 10,708 4.193E+10 CORPUS CHRIS, TX 3,171 12,574 3.987E+10 EL SEGUNDO, CA 33,240 11,383 3.784E+11 FREEPORT, TX 2,057 12,496 2.570E+10 GALVESTON, TX 21,224 12,480 2.649E+11 GRAMERCY, LA 499 12,263 6.119E+09 HONOLU/PEARL, HA 8,975 9,574 8.593E+10 HOUSTON, TX 31,038 12,513 3.884E+11 LAKE CHARLES, LA 1,624 12,444 2.021E+10 LONG BEACH, CA 12,339 11,397 1.406E+11 MOBILE, AL 5,067 12,199 6.181E+10 MORGAN CITY, LA 136,117 12,263 1.669E+12 NEWORLEANS, LA 10,531 12,263 1.291E+11 PAULSBORO, NJ 38,087 11,866 4.519E+11 PORT ARTHUR, TX 87,208 12,444 1.085E+12 RICHMOND, CA 49,928 11,086 5.535E+11 TEXAS CITY, TX 32,219 12,484 4.022E+11 WI LMINGTON, DE 30,095 11,866 3.571E+11 Grand Total 524,672 12,018 6.306E+12



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Ocean Transport_US 2008 79

## U.S. Port City Quantity Imported (Mbbls) Distance from Foreign Port (nautical miles) Quantity x Distance (bbl-nautical miles) Comments Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals Country Venezuela Export Port Amuay/Cardon BATON ROUGE, LA 2,957 1,601 4.734E+09 BEAUMONT, TX 7,829 1,747 1.368E+10 CORPUS CHRIS, TX 70,913 1,820 1.291E+11 FREEPORT, TX 60,569 1,757 1.064E+11 GALVESTON, TX 35,241 1,749 6.164E+10 GRAMERCY, LA 8,052 1,601 1.289E+10 HONOLU/PEARL, HA 119 12,196 1.451E+09 HOUSTON, TX 43,552 1,785 7.774E+10 LAKE CHARLES, LA 69,202 1,730 1.197E+11 LOS ANGELES, CA 949 11,676 1.108E+10 MARCUS HOOK, PA 6,862 1,743 1.196E+10 MARTINEZ, CA 671 11,998 8.051E+09 MOBILE, AL 748 1,546 1.156E+09 MORGAN CITY, LA 17,117 1,601 2.740E+10 NEWORLEANS, LA 38,931 1,601 6.233E+10 NEWARK, NJ 617 1,783 1.100E+09 PASCAGOULA, MS 4,332 1,553 6.728E+09 PAULSBORO, NJ 21,208 1,743 3.697E+10 PERTH AMBOY, NJ 2,725 1,783 4.859E+09 Distance to NY PHIL.,INT.APRT, PA 597 1,743 1.041E+09 PHILADELPHIA, PA 1,334 1,743 2.325E+09 PORT ARTHUR, TX 22,477 1,730 3.889E+10 PORTLAND, OR 430 12,756 5.485E+09 Distance to Seattle SANFRANCISCO, CA 520 11,992 6.236E+09 SAVANNAH,GA 9,486 1,370 1.300E+10 ST ROSE, LA 578 1,601 9.254E+08 TEXAS CITY, TX 9,568 1,752 1.676E+10 WI LMINGTON, DE 13,831 1,743 2.411E+10 Grand Total 451,415 1,789 8.077E+11



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Ocean Transport_US 2008 80

## U.S. Port City Quantity Imported (Mbbls) Distance from Foreign Port (nautical miles) Quantity x Distance (bbl-nautical miles) Comments Source/Comments EIA Estimate Country Other Export Port Various Various 530,630 10,000 5.306E+12 Port-to-Port travel distance is study assumption.

Parameter Value Units Source Speed Conversion 1.15078 mph/knot HFO/RFO Energy Content 6.287 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA HFO/RFO Density 6.66 bbl/tonne EIA Crude Oil Density 0.8505 g/cm 3 

## http://www.iea.org/textbase/work/2004/eswg/SIP9.pdf Crude Oil Density 0.149 ton/bbl Ship Name Formosapetro Discovery VLCC Sky Wing Suezmax Service Speed (kt) 15 16.3 15.8 15.5 15.3 15.52 Service Speed (miles/hr) 17.3 18.8 18.2 17.8 17.6 17.9 Fuel Oil Consumption (t/day) 75.4 89.7 97.3 56.7 52.3 51.2 Cargo Volume (m 3

## ) 328,458 350,000 340,218 185,447 126,210 126,211 Deadweight (MT) 281,434 300,500 299,997 166,300 114,000 108,000 Crude Oil Volume (bbl) 2,065,938 2,201,434 2,139,907 1,166,426 793,837 793,843 Energy Intensity Btu/bbl-mile 4.24 4.36 5.02 5.47 7.51 7.25 Btu/ton-mile (est.) 0.000844 0.000867 0.000998 0.001088 0.001493 0.001441 Reference 1 2 3 2 2 1 http://www.ihi.co.jp/ihimu/images/seihin/pl03_2.pdf 2 http://www.brodosplit.hr/Portals/44/Brodosplit%20separati.pdf 3 http://www.ihi.co.jp/ihimu/images/seihin/pl04_2.pdf Crude Carrier Performance Data for Tankers of Varying Size



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Ocean Transport_US 2008 81

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Transport Type Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Total Transport Profile Including Losses 0.866 kg CO 2

### /bbl delivered to refinery Total Transport Profile Excluding Losses 0.863 kg CO 2

### /bbl extracted Pipeline Transport Distance 100 miles Study Assumption Crude Oil Density 0.153 ton/bbl Crude Oil API Gravity 30.2 deg API Study Assumption

Transport Type Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Total Transport Profile Including Losses 4.09 kg CO2

### /bbl delivered
Total Transport Profile Excluding Losses 4.08 kg CO2

### /bbl transported Crude Oil Pipeline 2.81 kg CO 2

### /bbl transported Water Carriers - Diesel 0.359 kg CO 2

### /bbl transported Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil 0.880 kg CO 2

### /bbl transported Railroad 0.00434 kg CO 2

### /bbl transported Motor Carriers 0.0254 kg CO 2

### /bbl transported Crude Oil Pipeline - Electricity 217 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 Water Carriers - Diesel 10,147 g CO 2

### /gal fuel EIA 2007

- Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil 11,793 g CO 2

### /gal fuel EIA 2007

- Railroad - Diesel 10,147 g CO 2

### /gal fuel EIA 2007

- Motor Carriers - Diesel 10,147 g CO 2

### /gal fuel API 2004 Table 4-9

-

Transport Type Value Units Source/Comments Year Water Carriers - Diesel 0.0353 gal fuel/bbl transported Water Carriers - Residual Fuel Oil 0.0746 gal fuel/bbl transported Railroad 0.0004 gal fuel/bbl transported 100% Diesel Motor Carriers 0.0025 gal fuel/bbl transported 100% Diesel Water Carriers Diesel Fuel Use 30.5% ORNL 2007

- Water Carriers Residual Fuel Oil Use 69.5% ORNL 2007

- Diesel Fuel Energy Content 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

- Residual Fuel Oil Energy Content 6.287 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

-

Transport Type Value Units Source/Comments Year Energy Use (two-way) Crude Oil Pipeline 12,997 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl produced/imported Water Carriers 16,067 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl produced/imported Railroad 59.4 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl produced/imported Motor Carriers 347 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl produced/imported Energy Intensity (one-way) Petroleum Product Pipeline 260 Btu/ton-mile Wa ng 2008, Electricity

- Water Carriers 514 Btu HHV/ton-mile ORNL 2007, Table 2.16; Diesel/Fuel Oil - Railroad 337 Btu HHV/ton-mile ORNL 2007, Table 2.16; Diesel fuel

- Motor Carriers 822 Btu HHV/ton-mile Diesel fuel

- Motor Carriers 20,539 Btu HHV/vehicle-mile ORNL 2007, Table 2.16; Diesel fuel

- Tanker capacity 25 tons Study Assumption

-

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year Crude Oil Pipeline 283.7 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004 Water Carriers 88.7 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004 Railroad 0.50 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004 Motor Carriers 1.20 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004 Crude Oil Transported 5,675,365 Mbbl 2004 U.S. Crude Oil Production 1,983,302 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004 Imported Crude Oil 3,692,063 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004 

## This worksheet calculates GHG emissions associated with domestic transport of crude oil. Key assumptions for domestic transport include that all crude oil (production and imports) travels the same distance on the same mix of transport modes.

Fuel Use for Crude Petroleum Transport

Energy Use for Crude PetroleumTransport

2004 Annual Crude Petroleum Transport Data GHG Emissions Associated with Transport to Foreign Port for Crude Oil Destined for CO2

### Emissions for Crude Petroleum Transport

GHG Emissions Associated with Crude Petroleum Transport CO2

### Emissions for Crude Petroleum Transport



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_US 2008 82

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Transport Type Total Transport Profile Including Losses Total Transport Profile Excluding Losses Pipeline Transport Distance Crude Oil Density Crude Oil API Gravity

Transport Type Total Transport Profile Including Losses
Total Transport Profile Excluding Losses Crude Oil Pipeline Water Carriers - Diesel Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil Railroad Motor Carriers Crude Oil Pipeline - Electricity Water Carriers - Diesel Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil Railroad - Diesel Motor Carriers - Diesel

Transport Type Water Carriers - Diesel Water Carriers - Residual Fuel Oil Railroad Motor Carriers Water Carriers Diesel Fuel Use Water Carriers Residual Fuel Oil Use Diesel Fuel Energy Content Residual Fuel Oil Energy Content

Transport Type Energy Use (two-way) Crude Oil Pipeline Water Carriers Railroad Motor Carriers Energy Intensity (one-way) Petroleum Product Pipeline Water Carriers Railroad Motor Carriers Motor Carriers Tanker capacity

Parameter Crude Oil Pipeline Water Carriers Railroad Motor Carriers Crude Oil Transported U.S. Crude Oil Production Imported Crude Oil 

## This worksheet calculates GHG emissions associated with domestic transport of crude oil. Key assumptions for domestic transport include that all crude oil (production and imports) travels the same distance on the same mix of transport modes.

2004 Annual Crude Petroleum Transport Data Emissions Units Source/Comments Year 0.00101 kg CH 4

### /bbl delivered to refinery 0.00100 kg CH 4

### /bbl extracted

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year
0.00337 kg CH 4

### /bbl delivered

0.00336 kg CH 4

### /bbl transported
0.00327 kg CH 4

### /bbl transported 0.0000261 kg CH 4

### /bbl transported 0.0000642 kg CH 4

### /bbl transported 0.000000343 kg CH 4

### /bbl transported 0.00000143 kg CH 4

### /bbl transported 0.251 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 0.74 g CH 4

### /gal fuel EIA 2007

- 0.86 g CH 4

### /gal fuel EIA 2007

- 0.80 g CH 4

### /gal fuel EIA 2007

- 0.57 g CH 4

### /gal fuel API 2004 Table 4-9

- 

## This worksheet calculates GHG emissions associated with domestic transport of crude oil. Key assumptions for domestic transport include that all crude oil (production and imports) travels the same distance on the

GHG Emissions Associated with Transport to Foreign Port for Crude Oil Destined for U.S. Refineries Methane Emissions for Crude Petroleum Transport

GHG Emissions Associated with Crude Petroleum Transport in the U.S. Methane Emissions for Crude Petroleum Transport



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_US 2008 83

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Transport Type Total Transport Profile Including Losses Total Transport Profile Excluding Losses Pipeline Transport Distance Crude Oil Density Crude Oil API Gravity

Transport Type Total Transport Profile Including Losses
Total Transport Profile Excluding Losses Crude Oil Pipeline Water Carriers - Diesel Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil Railroad Motor Carriers Crude Oil Pipeline - Electricity Water Carriers - Diesel Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil Railroad - Diesel Motor Carriers - Diesel

Transport Type Water Carriers - Diesel Water Carriers - Residual Fuel Oil Railroad Motor Carriers Water Carriers Diesel Fuel Use Water Carriers Residual Fuel Oil Use Diesel Fuel Energy Content Residual Fuel Oil Energy Content

Transport Type Energy Use (two-way) Crude Oil Pipeline Water Carriers Railroad Motor Carriers Energy Intensity (one-way) Petroleum Product Pipeline Water Carriers Railroad Motor Carriers Motor Carriers Tanker capacity

Parameter Crude Oil Pipeline Water Carriers Railroad Motor Carriers Crude Oil Transported U.S. Crude Oil Production Imported Crude Oil 

## This worksheet calculates GHG emissions associated with domestic transport of crude oil. Key assumptions for domestic transport include that all crude oil (production and imports) travels the same distance on the same mix of transport modes.

2004 Annual Crude Petroleum Transport Data Emissions Units Source/Comments Year 0.0000112 kg N 2

### O/bbl delivered to refinery 0.0000112 kg N 2

### O/bbl extracted

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year
0.0000692 kg N 2

### O/bbl delivered

0.0000690 kg N 2

### O/bbl transported
0.0000365 kg N 2

### O/bbl transported 0.0000092 kg N 2

### O/bbl transported 0.0000224 kg N 2

### O/bbl transported 0.000000111 kg N 2

### O/bbl transported 0.000000752 kg N 2

### O/bbl transported 0.00281 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 0.26 g N 2

### O/gal fuel EIA 2007

- 0.30 g N 2

### O/gal fuel EIA 2007

- 0.26 g N 2

### O/gal fuel EIA 2007

- 0.30 g N 2

### O/gal fuel API 2004 Table 4-9

- 

## This worksheet calculates GHG emissions associated with domestic transport of crude oil. Key assumptions for domestic transport include that all crude oil (production and imports) travels the same distance on the

N 2

### O Emissions for Crude Petroleum Transport

N 2

### O Emissions for Crude Petroleum Transport



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_US 2008 84

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Country Exporting Gasoline bpd % of Total kg CO2

### /bbl crude oil extracted kg CH 4

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg N 2

### O/bbl

crude oil extracted Source/Comments ALGERIA 2,463 0% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA < 0.5% of crude oil is imported ANGOLA 403 0% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports ARGENTINA 24,099 2% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile ARUBA 893 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile AUSTRALIA 110 0% 7.862 0.00171 0.0001191 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction BAHAMAS, The 1,449 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile BELGIUM 29,562 3% 4.424 0.00250 0.0000875 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction BRAZIL 4,570 0% 6.144 0.00555 0.0001148 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction BULGARIA 1,482 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile CANADA 174,436 16% 3.268 0.00116 0.0000711 See below CHILE 7,882 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile CHINA, PEOPLES REP 2,277 0% 8.676 0.00491 0.0001716 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction COLOMBIA 1,474 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile CONGO (BRAZZAVILLE) 348 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile DENMARK 2,340 0% 5.134 0.00291 0.0001016 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction ECUADOR 2,699 0% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports EGYPT 6,603 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile ESTONIA 25,652 2% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction FINLAND 14,362 1% 5.339 0.00302 0.0001056 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction FRANCE 39,222 4% 5.046 0.00456 0.0000943 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction GABON 66 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile GEORGIA 274 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile GERMANY 28,162 3% 5.432 0.00307 0.0001075 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction GHANA 1,479 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile INDIA 10,616 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile INDONESIA 296 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile IRELAND 2,825 0% 5.134 0.00291 0.0001016 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction ITALY 34,285 3% 6.596 0.00373 0.0001305 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction JAPAN 2,482 0% 5.391 0.00305 0.0001066 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction KOREA, SOUTH 4,899 0% 6.229 0.00139 0.0001477 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia KUWAIT 137 0% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports LATVIA 18,803 2% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction LITHUANIA 19,047 2% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction MALAYSIA 1,693 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile MARTINIQUE 699 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile MEXICO 1,611 0% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports NETHERLANDS 115,934 10% 4.019 0.00227 0.0000795 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 5,644 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile Crude Oil Transport Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Gasoline to the U.S. in 2005 

## This worksheet develops the GHG emissions profile for crude oil transport for the crude oil mix to foreign refineries which exported transportation fuels to the U.S. in 2005. The result is a separate profile for gasoline, diesel and jet fuel based on a weighted average of the country of export. Canada and Virgin Islands profiles are developed in greater detail due to the higher volume of imports from these locations.

Imported Conventional Gasoline (Finished Motor Gasoline and Motor Gasoline Blending Components)



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 85

### NIGERIA 15,367 1% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

NORWAY 14,718 1% 1.461 0.00032 0.0000221 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction PERU 3,208 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile POLAND 88 0% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction PORTUGAL 9,293 1% 8.722 0.00788 0.0001629 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction QATAR 110 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile ROMANIA 2,896 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile RUSSIA 68,255 6% 5.568 0.00503 0.0001040 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction SAUDI ARABIA 18,460 2% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports SINGAPORE 2,364 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile SPAIN 24,364 2% 7.524 0.00679 0.0001405 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction SW EDEN 14,142 1% 3.828 0.00217 0.0000757 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction TAIWAN 3,841 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile THAILAND 189 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 8,995 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile TURKEY 11,584 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile TURKMENISTAN 542 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile UNITED KINGDOM 114,118 10% 2.875 0.00163 0.0000569 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction URUGUAY 3,192 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile VENEZUELA 83,745 8% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 115,967 10% 2.435 0.00108 0.0000508 See below Imported Gasoline Mix 1,106,712 100% 3.859 0.00239 0.0000757



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 86

### Country bpd % of Total kg CO2

### /bbl crude oil extracted kg CH 4

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg N 2

### O/bbl

crude oil extracted Source/Comments ALGERIA 819 1% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA < 0.5% of crude oil is imported ARUBA 12,729 8% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile BELGIUM 1,296 1% 4.424 0.00250 0.0000875 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction CANADA 58,710 37% 3.268 0.00116 0.0000711 See below DENMARK 2,074 1% 5.134 0.00291 0.0001016 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction ESTONIA 1,186 1% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction FRANCE 389 0% 5.046 0.00456 0.0000943 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction GERMANY 764 0% 5.432 0.00307 0.0001075 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction INDONESIA 1,868 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile JAPAN 1,729 1% 5.391 0.00305 0.0001066 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction KAZAKHSTAN 564 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile KOREA, SOUTH 4,542 3% 6.229 0.00139 0.0001477 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia KUWAIT 633 0% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports LATVIA 1,751 1% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction LITHUANIA 370 0% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction NETHERLANDS 8,279 5% 4.019 0.00227 0.0000795 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 318 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile NORWAY 712 0% 1.461 0.00032 0.0000221 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction PHILIPPINES 110 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile RUSSIA 99 0% 5.568 0.00503 0.0001040 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction SINGAPORE 2,044 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile SW EDEN 1,197 1% 3.828 0.00217 0.0000757 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction TAIWAN 1,449 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile UNITED KINGDOM 814 1% 2.875 0.00163 0.0000569 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction VENEZUELA 3,734 2% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 48,984 31% 2.435 0.00108 0.0000508 See below Imported Diesel Mix 157,164 100% 3.435 0.00161 0.0000711 Imported Conventional Diesel (<500 ppm sulfur) Crude Oil Transport Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Diesel to the U.S. in 2005



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 87

### Country bpd % of Total kg CO2

### /bbl crude oil extracted kg CH 4

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg N 2

### O/bbl

crude oil extracted Source/Comments ALGERIA 1,458 1% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA < 0.5% of crude oil is imported ARGENTINA 490 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile ARUBA 8,140 4% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile BELGIUM 786 0% 4.424 0.00250 0.0000875 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction CANADA 11,408 6% 3.268 0.00116 0.0000711 See below CHINA, PEOPLES REP 282 0% 8.676 0.00491 0.0001716 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction COLOMBIA 1,181 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile FRANCE 2,329 1% 5.046 0.00456 0.0000943 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction INDIA 4,236 2% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile IRAQ 1,962 1% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per EIA no crude oil imports JAPAN 3,345 2% 5.391 0.00305 0.0001066 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction KOREA, SOUTH 41,641 22% 6.229 0.00139 0.0001477 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia KUWAIT 7,173 4% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports MALAYSIA 548 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile MEXICO 5,178 3% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports NETHERLANDS 1,570 1% 4.019 0.00227 0.0000795 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 449 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile QATAR 68 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile RUSSIA 890 0% 5.568 0.00503 0.0001040 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction SAUDI ARABIA 8,074 4% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports SINGAPORE 12,745 7% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile TAIWAN 11,701 6% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 2,521 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile UNITED KINGDOM 288 0% 2.875 0.00163 0.0000569 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction VENEZUELA 29,847 16% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 31,740 17% 2.435 0.00108 0.0000508 See below Imported Jet Fuel Mix 190,049 100% 3.684 0.00180 0.0000763 Crude Oil Transport Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel to the U.S. in 2005 Imported Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 88

### Parameter Nautical miles kg CO2

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg CH 4

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg N 2

### O/bbl

crude oil extracted Source/Comments Pipeline Transport 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 South Korea Ocean Transport 6,190 5.37 0.000391 0.000136 Saudi Arabia to South Korea Parameter Factor Units Source/Comments Crude Carrier Energy Intensity (roundtrip) 11.0 Btu HHV/bbl-nautical mile See Ocean Transport_US worksheetCrude Carrier Energy Intensity (oneway) 5.5 Btu HHV/bbl-nautical mile See Ocean Transport_US worksheet Roundtrip Factor 2 Heavy fuel oil CO 2

### Emissions Factor 78.8 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet Heavy fuel oil CH 4

### Emissions Factor 0.00575 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet Heavy fuel oil N 2

### O Emissions Factor 0.00200 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet Pipeline Transport Energy Intensity 260 Btu HHV/ton-mile Wa ng 2008, Electricity Pipeline CO 2

### Emissions Factor 217 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) Pipeline CH 4

### Emissions Factor 0.251 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) Pipeline N 2

### O Emissions Factor 0.00281 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) Foreign In-Country Transport Distance 100 miles Study Assumption Crude Oil Density 0.153 ton/bbl Crude Oil API Gravity 30.2 Study Assumption Transport Factors



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 89

### Country Quantity in bpd kg CO2

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg CH 4

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg N 2

### O/bbl

crude oil extracted Source/Comments Ocean Transport 905,729 4.31 0.000314 0.000109 Excludes crude oil imports from U.S. and Canadian crude oil inputs to Canadian refineries Russia, UK, Norway Transport 408,147 2.19 0.001037 0.0000389 Portion of GaBi delivered crude oil profile assigned to transport Pipeline Transport 1,437,687 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 Pipeline transport assumptions are applied to all crude oil input to Canadian refineries, excluding Russia, Norway, UK Total 1,845,833 3.27 0.00116 0.0000711

Country Nautical miles kg CO2

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg CH 4

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg N 2

### O/bbl

crude oil extracted Source/Comments Algeria 3,294 465,889 34.0 11.8 Portworld.com Angola 5,806 78,771.6 5.7 2.0 Portworld.com Iraq 12,180 691,853.8 50.4 17.6 Portworld.com Nigeria 5,211 110,979.6 8.1 2.8 Portworld.com Saudi Arabia 12,003 786,289.3 57.3 20.0 Portworld.com Venezuala 2,676 112,131.8 8.2 2.9 Portworld.com Russia 15,970 301,209.5 22.0 7.7 Portworld.com Norway 2,759 575,345.4 41.9 14.6 Portworld.com United Kingdom 2,867 362,350.1 26.4 9.2 Portworld.com United States 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Portworld.com Mexico 2,825 90,854.5 6.6 2.3 Portworld.com Ecuador 10,843 56,897.2 4.1 1.4 Portworld.com Other Imports 5,000 266,916.8 19.5 6.8 Portworld.com Total 4,967 3,899,488 284.3 99.2

Parameter Factor Units Source/Comments Crude Carrier Energy Intensity (roundtrip) 11.0 Btu HHV/bbl-nautical mile See Ocean Transport_US worksheetCrude Carrier Energy Intensity (oneway) 5.5 Btu HHV/bbl-nautical mile See Ocean Transport_US worksheet Roundtrip Factor 2 Heavy fuel oil CO 2

### Emissions Factor 78.8 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet Heavy fuel oil CH 4

### Emissions Factor 0.00575 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet Heavy fuel oil N 2

### O Emissions Factor 0.00200 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet Pipeline Transport Energy Intensity 260 Btu HHV/ton-mile Wa ng, 2008 Pipeline CO 2

### Emissions Factor 217 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV Electricity Profile Pipeline CH 4

### Emissions Factor 0.251 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV Electricity Profile Pipeline N 2

### O Emissions Factor 0.00281 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu HHV Electricity Profile Foreign and In-Canada Transport Distance 100 miles Study Assumption Crude Oil Density 0.153 ton/bbl Crude Oil API Gravity 30.2 Study Assumption Transport Factors Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Transport to Canadian Refineries

Ocean Transport One-Way Distance Assumptions and Round Trip Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Input to Canadian Refineries Canadian Profile



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 90

### Country bpd Thousand
m 3

### /year % of Imports Source/Comments Algeria 163,170 9,469 18% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 Angola 15,652 908 2% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 Iraq 65,531 3,803 7% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 Nigeria 24,570 1,426 3% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 Saudi Arabia 75,574 4,386 8% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 Venezuala 48,342 2,805 5% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 Russia 21,759 1,263 2% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 Norway 240,579 13,961 26% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 United Kingdom 145,808 8,461 16% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 United States 21,130 1,226 2% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 Mexico 37,103 2,153 4% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 Equador 6,054 351 1% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 Other Imports 61,587 3,574 7% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 Canada (Light+Heavy) 558,370 32,402 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 Canada Synthetic (Light) 255,663 14,836 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 Canada Crude Bitumen 70,056 4,065 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 Condensates + Pentane 34,885 2,024 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4

Country Quantity in bpd kg CO2

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg CH 4

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg N 2

### O/bbl

crude oil extracted Source/Comments Ocean Transport 461,395 1.50 0.000109 0.0000381 see below; applied to all crude oil input to Virgin Island refinery UK, Norway Transport 36,556 1.79 0.000618 0.0000301 Portion of GaBi delivered crude oil profile assigned to transport Pipeline Transport 424,838 0.863 0.001003 0.0000112 Pipeline transport assumptions are applied to all crude oil input to Virgin Island refinery, excluding Norway, UK Total 461,395 2.435 0.00108 0.0000508

Country Nautical miles kg CO2

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg CH 4

### /bbl

crude oil extracted kg N 2

### O/bbl

crude oil extracted Source/Comments Angola 4,925 34,082 2.48 0.87 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com Colombia 685 5,259 0.38 0.13 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com Ivory Coast 3,714 8,317 0.61 0.21 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com Gabon 4,525 256,828 18.72 6.53 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com Iraq 10,857 11,602 0.85 0.30 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com Nigeria 4,378 113,638 8.29 2.89 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com Norway 3,938 96,129 7.01 2.44 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com Peru 8,287 7,104 0.52 0.18 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com United Kingdom 3,727 27,119 1.98 0.69 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com Venezuala 492 131,252 9.57 3.34 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com Total 1,729 691,330 50.4 17.6 Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Transport to Virgin Island Refinery

Crude Oil Input to Canada

Ocean Transport One-Way Distance Assumptions and Round Trip Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Input to Virgin Island Refinery Virgin Islands Profile



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 91

### Parameter Factor Units Source/Comments

Crude Carrier Energy Intensity (roundtrip) 11.0 Btu HHV/bbl-nautical mile See Ocean Transport_US worksheetCrude Carrier Energy Intensity (oneway) 5.5 Btu HHV/bbl-nautical mile See Ocean Transport_US worksheet Roundtrip Factor 2 Heavy fuel oil CO 2

### Emissions Factor 78.8 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet Heavy fuel oil CH 4

### Emissions Factor 0.00575 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet Heavy fuel oil N 2

### O Emissions Factor 0.00200 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet Pipeline Transport Energy Intensity 260 Btu HHV/ton-mile Wa ng 2008, Electricity Pipeline CO 2

### Emissions Factor 217 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) Pipeline CH 4

### Emissions Factor 0.251 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) Pipeline N 2

### O Emissions Factor 0.00281 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) Foreign and In-Virgin Islands Transport Distance 100 miles Study Assumption Crude Oil Density 0.153 ton/bbl Crude Oil API Gravity 30.2 Study Assumption

Country bpd % of Total Mbbl/yr Source/Comments Angola 7,984 2% 2,914 EIA Petroleum Navigator Colombia 8,858 2% 3,233 EIA Petroleum Navigator Ivory Coast 2,584 1% 943 EIA Petroleum Navigator Gabon 65,479 14% 23,900 EIA Petroleum Navigator Iraq 1,233 0% 450 EIA Petroleum Navigator Nigeria 29,945 6% 10,930 EIA Petroleum Navigator Norway 28,162 6% 10,279 EIA Petroleum Navigator Peru 989 0% 361 EIA Petroleum Navigator United Kingdom 8,395 2% 3,064 EIA Petroleum Navigator Venezuela 307,767 67% 112,335 EIA Petroleum Navigator Transport Factors

Crude Oil Input to Virgin Islands



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 92

### Source/Comments Year In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA < 0.5% of crude oil is imported In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports Average Profile Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile

Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average Profile Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average Profile In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Crude Oil Transport Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Gasoline to the U.S. in 2005 

## This worksheet develops the GHG emissions profile for crude oil transport for the crude oil mix to foreign refineries which exported transportation fuels to the U.S. in 2005. The result is a separate profile for gasoline, diesel and jet fuel based on a weighted average of the country of export. Canada and Virgin Islands profiles are developed in greater detail due to the higher

Imported Conventional Gasoline (Finished Motor Gasoline and Motor Gasoline Blending Components)



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 93

### In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average Profile Average Profile Average Profile Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 94

### Source/Comments Year In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA < 0.5% of crude oil is imported Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction Average Profile Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports Imported Conventional Diesel (<500 ppm sulfur) Crude Oil Transport Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Diesel to the U.S. in 2005



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 95

### Source/Comments Year In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA < 0.5% of crude oil is imported 2005 Average Profile 2005 Average Profile 2005 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005 2005 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005 Average Profile 2005 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005 Average Profile 2005 In-country pipeline transport only; per EIA no crude oil imports 2005 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia 2005 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports 2005 Average Profile 2005 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports 2005 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005 Average Profile 2005 Average Profile 2005 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports 2005 Average Profile 2005 Average Profile 2005 Average Profile 2005 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports 2005 2005 2005 Crude Oil Transport Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel to the U.S. in 2005 Imported Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 96

### Year

Year See Ocean Transport_US worksheet
See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

See Ocean Transport_US worksheet See Ocean Transport_US worksheet See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix)

Transport Factors



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 97

### Year Excludes crude oil imports from U.S. and Canadian crude oil inputs to Canadian refineries Portion of GaBi delivered crude oil profile assigned to transport Pipeline transport assumptions are applied to all crude oil input to Canadian refineries, excluding Russia, Norway, UK

Year

Year See Ocean Transport_US worksheet
See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

See Ocean Transport_US worksheet See Ocean Transport_US worksheet See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Transport Factors Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Transport to Canadian Refineries

Ocean Transport One-Way Distance Assumptions and Round Trip Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Input to Canadian Refineries Canadian Profile



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 98

### Year Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005

Year see below; applied to all crude oil input to Virgin Island refinery Portion of GaBi delivered crude oil profile assigned to transport Pipeline transport assumptions are applied to all crude oil input to Virgin Island refinery, excluding Norway, UK

Year Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Transport to Virgin Island Refinery

Crude Oil Input to Canada

Ocean Transport One-Way Distance Assumptions and Round Trip Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Input to Virgin Island Refinery Virgin Islands Profile



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 99

### Year See Ocean Transport_US worksheet
See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

See Ocean Transport_US worksheet See Ocean Transport_US worksheet See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix)

Year 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005 Transport Factors

Crude Oil Input to Virgin Islands



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Transport_Imports 2008 100

## Return to Contents Worksheet

Source kg CO2

## / day kg CH 4

## / day kg N 2

## O / day Fuels Consumed 624,991,991 293,085 10,768 Fuels Combustion at Refinery 517,361,504 12,983 9,281 Purchased Stm & Electricity 93,451,488 113,716 1,178 Acquisition of Natural Gas and Coal 14,178,999 166,386 309 H 2

## Production (not included in above) 76,321,567 109,133 273 Flaring 5,337,947 2,524 57 Venting/Fugitive Emissions 45,159 Total 706,651,505 449,900 11,099

Gasoline Diesel Kerosene/ Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel

kg CO2 

## / day 359,917,569 201,040,200 49,133,312 kg CO2

## / bbl refined 46.1 50.8 30.5 kg CO2

## /MMBtu LHV 9.41 9.22 5.83 kg CH 4 

## / day 437,593 246,893 60,304 kg CH 4

## / bbl refined 0.0560 0.0624 0.0374 kg CH 4

## /MMBtu LHV 0.0114 0.0113 0.00716 kg N 2

## O/ day 5,841 3,117 764 kg N 2

## O / bbl refined 0.000747 0.000788 0.000474 kg N 2

## O/MMBtu LHV 0.000153 0.000143 0.0000906 kg CO2 

## E / day 372,598,115 208,141,441 50,868,558 kg CO2 

## E / bbl refined 47.7 52.6 31.6 kg CO2 

## E / MMBtu 9.74 9.55 6.04 Summary

of LC Stage #3 Emissions (excluding upstream emissions associated with fuels produced and consumed in refinery) 

# This worksheet provides the total GHG emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #3 (Refinery Operations) for U.S. refineries. Information included is the total emissions associated with the refinery, the GHG emissions as allocated to each product, and key information used in the allocation calculations. These same profiles are also used for liquid production of gasoline, diesel and kerosene-based jet fuel for foreign refineries.

CO2

## Emissions

Methane Emissions

N 2

## O Emissions

GHG Emissions Life Cycle Stage #3 Emissions A ssociated with Each Refinery Product



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Sum ma ry 2008 101

## Gasoline Diesel Kerosene/ Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel

kg CO2 

## / day 331,318,462 185,980,305 45,439,475 kg CO2

## / bbl refined 42.4 47.0 28.2 kg CO2

## /MMBtu LHV 8.67 8.53 5.39 kg CH 4 

## / day 208,272 126,135 30,685 kg CH 4

## / bbl refined 0.0266 0.0319 0.0190 kg CH 4

## /MMBtu LHV 0.0054 0.0058 0.00364 kg N 2

## O/ day 5,245 2,803 687 kg N 2

## O / bbl refined 0.000671 0.000709 0.000426 kg N 2

## O/MMBtu LHV 0.000137 0.000129 0.0000815

Total Production(bpd) 7,815,792 3,954,378 1,611,395 Fraction of total refinery production attributable to each product 0.452 0.229 0.093 Products Used for Fuel in Refinery (bpd) 2,086 4,154 2,086

H 2

## requirement (MMscf/day) 2,751 2,414 577 Fraction of H 2

## requirement attributable to products 0.430 0.377 0.090 H 2

## energy

component included in refinery fuels consumed total(MMBtu HHV/day) 496,515 435,813 104,212

Estimated Energy

Requirement (MMBtu HHV/day) [excluding H 2

## component] 2,378,144 1,077,944 267,076 Fraction of refinery

energy usage attributable to products[including H2 component] 0.474 0.249 0.061 Totalrefinery

energy usage attributable to products(MMBtu HHV/day) 3,811,449 2,007,056 492,284

Average product energy content (MMBtu LHV/bbl) 4.892 5.512 5.230 Methane Emissions

N 2

## O Emissions Life Cycle Stage #3 Emissions A ssociated with Each Refinery Product (excluding upstream emissions associated with fuels produced and subsequently consumed in refinery)

CO2

## Emissions



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Sum ma ry 2008 102

## Gasoline Diesel Kerosene/ Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel

Throughput Energy Intensity H 2

## Consumption Unit Operation bpd MBtu HHV/bbl scf/bbl Atmospheric Distillation 15,578,000 110 0 7,045,388 3,564,595 1,452,559 Vacuum Distillation 7,138,700 90 0 3,276,705 1,507,466 138,222 Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 5,269,000 189 0 3,161,400 988,595 80,570 Catalytic Hydrocracking Distillate 376,247 107 1,000 282,186 37,625 56,437 Gas Oil 654,873 107 1,200 327,436 261,949 65,487 Residual 140,880 107 1,400 19,140 56,352 14,088 Coking Delayed 1,887,836 147 0 188,784 849,526 94,392 Fluid 166,164 99 0 16,616 74,774 8,308 Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 101,251 59 186 96,189 0 0 Reformer Feed* 3,419,136 59 186 0 0 0 Gasoline 1,645,176 59 419 1,645,176 0 0 Heavy Gas Oil 2,045,632 59 745 1,110,476 542,093 28,301 Distillate Fuel Oil Kerosene/Jet Fuel 768,560 59 466 0 0 768,560 Diesel Fuel 2,360,634 59 559 0 2,360,634 0 Other Distillate 698,688 59 652 463,953 234,735 0 Residual Fuel Oil/Other Residual Fuel Oil 261,680 59 839 0 0 0 Other 545,632 59 839 251,167 127,077 51,783 Catalytic Reforming* 3,419,136 253 (1,000) 0 0 0 Alkylation 1,052,707 270 0 1,052,707 0 0 Isomerization Isobutane 177,650 343 0 177,650 0 0 Isopentane/Isohexane 343,903 166 0 343,903 0 0 Lubricants 167,775 1,410 0 0 0 0 Sulfur (short tons) 22,695 190 0 0 0 0 * Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet) Volumetric Throughput Allocated to Products Unit Operation Data



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Sum ma ry 2008 103

## Return to Contents Worksheet

Source Fuels Consumed Fuels Combustion at Refinery Purchased Stm & Electricity Acquisition of Natural Gas and Coal H 2

## Production (not included in above) Flaring Venting/Fugitive Emissions Total

kg CO2 

## / day kg CO2

## / bbl refined kg CO2

## /MMBtu LHV kg CH 4 

## / day kg CH 4

## / bbl refined kg CH 4

## /MMBtu LHV kg N 2

## O/ day kg N 2

## O / bbl refined kg N 2

## O/MMBtu LHV kg CO2 

## E / day kg CO2 

## E / bbl refined kg CO2 

## E / MMBtu Summary

of LC Stage #3 Emissions (excluding upstream emissions associated with fuels produced and consumed in refinery) 

# This worksheet provides the total GHG emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #3 (Refinery Operations) for U.S. refineries. Information included is the total emissions associated with the refinery, the GHG emissions as allocated to each product, and key information used in the allocation calculations. These same profiles are also used for liquid production of gasoline, diesel and kerosene-based jet fuel for foreign refineries.

CO2

## Emissions

Methane Emissions

N 2

## O Emissions

GHG Emissions Al location Basis Relative to energy usage of units as allocated to products

Relative to H 2

## usage of units as allocated to products Relative to energy usage of units as allocated to products Relative to energy usage of units as allocated to products

Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends

22,386,666 35,390,411 48,659,618 35.7 42.4 28.9

27,354 42,445 58,707 0.0436 0.0508 0.0349

355 609 817 0.000566 0.000729 0.000485

23,176,393 36,632,962 50,370,628 36.9 43.9 29.9 Summary

of LC Stage #3 Emissions (excluding upstream emissions associated with fuels produced and consumed in refinery) 

# This worksheet provides the total GHG emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #3 (Refinery Operations) for U.S. refineries. Information included is the total emissions associated with the refinery, the GHG emissions as allocated to each product, and key information used in the allocation calculations. These same profiles are also used for liquid production of gasoline, diesel and kerosene-based jet fuel for foreign

Life Cycle Stage #3 Emissions A ssociated with Each Refinery Product



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Sum ma ry 2008 104

## kg CO2 

## / day kg CO2

## / bbl refined kg CO2

## /MMBtu LHV kg CH 4 

## / day kg CH 4

## / bbl refined kg CH 4

## /MMBtu LHV kg N 2

## O/ day kg N 2

## O / bbl refined kg N 2

## O/MMBtu LHV

Total Production(bpd) Fraction of total refinery production attributable to each product Products Used for Fuel in Refinery (bpd)

H 2

## requirement (MMscf/day) Fraction of H 2

## requirement attributable to products H 2

## energy

component included in refinery fuels consumed total(MMBtu HHV/day)

Estimated Energy

Requirement (MMBtu HHV/day) [excluding H 2

## component] Fraction of refinery

energy usage attributable to products[including H2 component] Totalrefinery

energy usage attributable to products(MMBtu HHV/day)

Average product energy content (MMBtu LHV/bbl) Methane Emissions

N 2

## O Emissions CO2

## Emissions Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends

20,658,206 32,361,659 44,624,723 32.9 38.8 26.5

13,494 18,159 26,354 0.0215 0.0217 0.0157

319 546 732 0.000509 0.000654 0.000435

627,600 834,877 1,683,562 0.036 0.048 0.097 8,132 247,708 666,225

219 63 210 0.034 0.010 0.033 39,612 11,295 37,956

134,126 293,142 367,614 0.029 0.050 0.067 230,355 403,647 537,737 Al location Data Life Cycle Stage #3 Emissions A ssociated with Each Refinery Product (excluding upstream emissions associated with fuels produced and subsequently consumed in refinery)



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Sum ma ry 2008 105

## Throughput Energy Intensity H 2

## Consumption Unit Operation bpd MBtu HHV/bbl scf/bbl Atmospheric Distillation 15,578,000 110 0 Vacuum Distillation 7,138,700 90 0 Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 5,269,000 189 0 Catalytic Hydrocracking Distillate 376,247 107 1,000 Gas Oil 654,873 107 1,200 Residual 140,880 107 1,400 Coking Delayed 1,887,836 147 0 Fluid 166,164 99 0 Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 101,251 59 186 Reformer Feed* 3,419,136 59 186 Gasoline 1,645,176 59 419 Heavy Gas Oil 2,045,632 59 745 Distillate Fuel Oil Kerosene/Jet Fuel 768,560 59 466 Diesel Fuel 2,360,634 59 559 Other Distillate 698,688 59 652 Residual Fuel Oil/Other Residual Fuel Oil 261,680 59 839 Other 545,632 59 839 Catalytic Reforming* 3,419,136 253 (1,000) Alkylation 1,052,707 270 0 Isomerization Isobutane 177,650 343 0 Isopentane/Isohexane 343,903 166 0 Lubricants 167,775 1,410 0 Sulfur (short tons) 22,695 190 0 * Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet) Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends

565,737 752,583 1,517,613 627,600 834,877 0 0 238,981 799,455

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 547,689 207,445 0 48,207 18,259

0 0 5,063 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 83,945 280,817

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

261,680 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 * Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet) Volumetric Throughput Allocated to Products

bpd



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Sum ma ry 2008 106

## Return to Contents Worksheet

Source Fuels Consumed Fuels Combustion at Refinery Purchased Stm & Electricity Acquisition of Natural Gas and Coal H 2

## Production (not included in above) Flaring Venting/Fugitive Emissions Total

kg CO2 

## / day kg CO2

## / bbl refined kg CO2

## /MMBtu LHV kg CH 4 

## / day kg CH 4

## / bbl refined kg CH 4

## /MMBtu LHV kg N 2

## O/ day kg N 2

## O / bbl refined kg N 2

## O/MMBtu LHV kg CO2 

## E / day kg CO2 

## E / bbl refined kg CO2 

## E / MMBtu Summary

of LC Stage #3 Emissions (excluding upstream emissions associated with fuels produced and consumed in refinery) 

# This worksheet provides the total GHG emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #3 (Refinery Operations) for U.S. refineries. Information included is the total emissions associated with the refinery, the GHG emissions as allocated to each product, and key information used in the allocation calculations. These same profiles are also used for liquid production of gasoline, diesel and kerosene-based jet fuel for foreign refineries.

CO2

## Emissions

Methane Emissions

N 2

## O Emissions

GHG Emissions Heavy Ends Total

50,508,452 767,036,228 67.0

60,799 934,095 0.0807

856 12,359 0.001135

52,283,444 794,071,542 69.4 

# This worksheet provides the total GHG emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #3 (Refinery Operations) for U.S. refineries. Information included is the total emissions associated with the refinery, the GHG emissions as allocated to each product, and key information used in the allocation calculations. These same profiles are also used for liquid production of gasoline, diesel and kerosene-based jet fuel for foreign

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Sum ma ry 2008 107

## kg CO2 

## / day kg CO2

## / bbl refined kg CO2

## /MMBtu LHV kg CH 4 

## / day kg CH 4

## / bbl refined kg CH 4

## /MMBtu LHV kg N 2

## O/ day kg N 2

## O / bbl refined kg N 2

## O/MMBtu LHV

Total Production(bpd) Fraction of total refinery production attributable to each product Products Used for Fuel in Refinery (bpd)

H 2

## requirement (MMscf/day) Fraction of H 2

## requirement attributable to products H 2

## energy

component included in refinery fuels consumed total(MMBtu HHV/day)

Estimated Energy

Requirement (MMBtu HHV/day) [excluding H 2

## component] Fraction of refinery

energy usage attributable to products[including H2 component] Totalrefinery

energy usage attributable to products(MMBtu HHV/day)

Average product energy content (MMBtu LHV/bbl) Methane Emissions

N 2

## O Emissions CO2

## Emissions Heavy Ends Total

46,268,675 706,651,505 61.4

26,802 449,900 0.0356

767 11,099 0.001018

753,830 17,281,433 0.044 1.00 2,086 932,477

169 6,404 0.026 1.00 30,463 1,155,866

395,701 4,913,747 0.070 1.00 565,042 8,047,569



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Sum ma ry 2008 108

## Throughput Energy Intensity H 2

## Consumption Unit Operation bpd MBtu HHV/bbl scf/bbl Atmospheric Distillation 15,578,000 110 0 Vacuum Distillation 7,138,700 90 0 Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 5,269,000 189 0 Catalytic Hydrocracking Distillate 376,247 107 1,000 Gas Oil 654,873 107 1,200 Residual 140,880 107 1,400 Coking Delayed 1,887,836 147 0 Fluid 166,164 99 0 Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 101,251 59 186 Reformer Feed* 3,419,136 59 186 Gasoline 1,645,176 59 419 Heavy Gas Oil 2,045,632 59 745 Distillate Fuel Oil Kerosene/Jet Fuel 768,560 59 466 Diesel Fuel 2,360,634 59 559 Other Distillate 698,688 59 652 Residual Fuel Oil/Other Residual Fuel Oil 261,680 59 839 Other 545,632 59 839 Catalytic Reforming* 3,419,136 253 (1,000) Alkylation 1,052,707 270 0 Isomerization Isobutane 177,650 343 0 Isopentane/Isohexane 343,903 166 0 Lubricants 167,775 1,410 0 Sulfur (short tons) 22,695 190 0 * Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet) Heavy Ends Total

679,525 15,578,000 753,830 7,138,700 0 5,269,000

0 376,247 0 654,873 51,300 140,880

0 1,887,836 0 166,164

0 101,251 0 0 0 1,645,176 0 2,045,632

0 768,560 0 2,360,634 0 698,688

0 261,680 115,605 545,632 0 0 0 1,052,707

0 177,650 0 343,903 167,775 167,775 22,695 22,695



# EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Sum ma ry 2008 109

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Gasoline Diesel Kerosene/ KeroseneType Jet Fuel Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends Total
kg CO2 

### / day 609,928,226 327,532,395 100,678,416 42,462,263 62,096,353 102,513,196 74,621,884 1,319,832,732 kg CO2

### / bbl refined 78.0 82.8 62.5 67.7 74.4 60.9 99.0 kg CH 4 

### / day 4,187,525 2,144,160 833,433 328,469 443,009 866,462 422,479 9,225,538 kg CH 4

### / bbl refined 0.536 0.542 0.517 0.523 0.531 0.515 0.560 kg N 2

### O/ day 12,072 6,270 2,049 856 1,274 2,159 1,457 26,136 kg N 2

### O / bbl refined 0.00154 0.00159 0.00127 0.00136 0.00153 0.00128 0.00193

kg CO2 

### / day 250,010,656 126,492,195 51,545,104 20,075,597 26,705,941 53,853,578 24,113,432 552,796,504 kg CO2

### / bbl refined 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 kg CH 4 

### / day 3,749,932 1,897,267 773,130 301,116 400,565 807,755 361,679 8,291,443 kg CH 4

### / bbl refined 0.480 0.480 0.480 0.480 0.480 0.480 0.480 kg N 2

### O/ day 6,231 3,152 1,285 500 666 1,342 601 13,777 kg N 2

### O / bbl refined 0.000797 0.000797 0.000797 0.000797 0.000797 0.000797 0.000797

kg CO2 

### / day 359,917,569 201,040,200 49,133,312 22,386,666 35,390,411 48,659,618 50,508,452 767,036,228 kg CO2

### / bbl refined 46.1 50.8 30.5 35.7 42.4 28.9 67.0 kg CH 4 

### / day 437,593 246,893 60,304 27,354 42,445 58,707 60,799 934,095 kg CH 4

### / bbl refined 0.0560 0.0624 0.0374 0.0436 0.0508 0.0349 0.0807 kg N 2

### O/ day 5,841 3,117 764 355 609 817 856 12,359 kg N 2

### O / bbl refined 0.000747 0.000788 0.000474 0.000566 0.000729 0.000485 0.00114

Total Production(bpd) 7,815,792 3,954,378 1,611,395 627,600 834,877 1,683,562 753,830 17,281,433

0.452 0.229 0.093 0.036 0.048 0.097 0.044 1.00

0.474 0.249 0.061 0.029 0.050 0.067 0.070 1.00 Allocation Data from Life Cycle Stage #2 Analysis CO2

### Emissions N 2

### O Emissions

Fraction of total refinery production attributable to each product Fraction of total refinery energy usage

attributable to products Methane Emissions

N 2

### O Emissions Life Cycle Stage #3 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product 

## This worksheet calculates the emissions associated with products produced within the refinery that are subsequently consumed within the refinery as a fuel. This requires an interative calculation to incorporate the upstream emissions associated with producing the refinery fuel.

CO2

### Emissions

Methane Emissions CO2

### Emissions

Methane Emissions

N 2

### O Emissions

Life Cycle Stages #1 and #2 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product Life Cycle Stages #1-3 (Cradle to Gate) Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery-Produced Fuels 2008 110

### Fuel bpd kg CO2

### / day kg CH 4

### / day kg N 2

### O / day Sources/Comments

LPG 11,438 696,489 5,887 14.7 Calculated here - iterative Distillate 2,068 171,329 1,122 3.28 Calculated here - iterative Residual Fuel Oil 6,047 409,100 3,165 8.24 Calculated here - iterative Still Gas 652,701 39,743,423 335,919 837 Calculated here - iterative Petroleum Coke 245,622 18,268,835 130,334 375 Calculated here - iterative Other Products 14,600 1,095,546 7,768 21.9 Calculated here - iterative Total 60,384,723 484,194 1,260 Allocated based on refinery energy usage

Category kg CO2

### / bbl kg CH 4

### / bbl kg N 2

### O / bbl LPG Light Ends 60.9 0.515 0.00128 Distillate Diesel 82.8 0.542 0.00159 Residual Fuel Oil Residual Fuel Oil 67.7 0.523 0.00136 Still Gas Light Ends 60.9 0.515 0.00128 Petroleum Coke Coke 74.4 0.531 0.00153 Other Products Average 75.0 0.532 0.00150 Cradle to Gate Emissions Associated with Fuels Consumed at the Refinery Emissions Summary of Fuels Produced and Subsequently Consumed in the Refinery - Full Profile



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery-Produced Fuels 2008 111

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Gasoline Diesel Kerosene/ Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends

Total 46.05 50.84 30.49 35.67 42.39 28.90 67.00 Refinery Fuels Combustion 31.35 32.63 19.64 23.60 31.08 20.53 48.19 Steam/Electricity Acquisition 5.66 5.89 3.55 4.26 5.61 3.71 8.70 Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.86 0.89 0.54 0.65 0.85 0.56 1.32 Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition 3.66 3.81 2.29 2.75 3.63 2.40 5.62

H 2

### Production* 4.19 7.28 4.27 4.17 0.89 1.49 2.67 Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.32 0.34 0.20 0.24 0.32 0.21 0.50

Total 0.05599 0.06244 0.03742 0.04358 0.05084 0.03487 0.08065 Refinery Fuels Combustion 0.00079 0.00082 0.00049 0.00059 0.00078 0.00052 0.00121 Steam/Electricity Acquisition 0.00689 0.00717 0.00432 0.00519 0.00683 0.00451 0.01059 Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.01008 0.01049 0.00632 0.00759 0.01000 0.00660 0.01550 Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition 0.02934 0.03054 0.01838 0.02208 0.02909 0.01922 0.04510

H 2

### Production* 0.00600 0.01041 0.00611 0.00596 0.00128 0.00213 0.00382 Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.00289 0.00301 0.00181 0.00217 0.00286 0.00189 0.00444

Total 0.000747 0.000788 0.000474 0.000566 0.000729 0.000485 0.001135 Refinery Fuels Combustion 0.000562 0.000585 0.000352 0.000423 0.000558 0.000368 0.000864 Steam/Electricity Acquisition 0.000071 0.000074 0.000045 0.000054 0.000071 0.000047 0.000110 Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.000019 0.000019 0.000012 0.000014 0.000019 0.000012 0.000029 Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition 0.000076 0.000079 0.000048 0.000057 0.000076 0.000050 0.000117

H 2

### Production* 0.000015 0.000026 0.000015 0.000015 0.000003 0.000005 0.000010 Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.000003 0.000004 0.000002 0.000003 0.000003 0.000002 0.000005

Total 47.67 52.64 31.57 36.93 43.88 29.92 69.36 Refinery Fuels Combustion 31.54 32.82 19.76 23.74 31.27 20.66 48.48 Steam/Electricity Acquisition 5.86 6.10 3.67 4.41 5.81 3.84 9.00 Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 1.12 1.16 0.70 0.84 1.11 0.73 1.72 Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition 4.42 4.60 2.77 3.32 4.38 2.89 6.79

H 2

### Production* 4.35 7.55 4.43 4.32 0.93 1.54 2.77 Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.40 0.41 0.25 0.30 0.39 0.26 0.61

Total 9.413 9.224 5.830 Refinery Fuels Combustion 6.408 5.920 3.755 Steam/Electricity Acquisition 1.158 1.069 0.678 Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.176 0.162 0.103 Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition 0.748 0.691 0.438

H 2

### Production* 0.857 1.320 0.816 Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.066 0.061 0.039 kg N 2

### O/bbl refined 

## This worksheet provides a break-out of Life Cycle Stage #3 GHG emissions between several subcategories.

kg CO 2

### /bbl refined

kg CH 4

### /bbl refined

GHG (kg CO 2 

### E/ bbl refined)

kg CO 2

### /MMBtu LHV

kg CH 4

### /MMBtu LHV



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Breakout 2008 112

### Total 0.01144 0.01133 0.00716 Refinery Fuels Combustion 0.00016 0.00015 0.00009 Steam/Electricity Acquisition 0.00141 0.00130 0.00083 Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.00206 0.00190 0.00121 Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition 0.00600 0.00554 0.00351

H 2

### Production* 0.00123 0.00189 0.00117 Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.00059 0.00055 0.00035

Total 0.000153 0.000143 0.000091 Refinery Fuels Combustion 0.000115 0.000106 0.000067 Steam/Electricity Acquisition 0.000015 0.000013 0.000009 Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.000004 0.000004 0.000002 Refinery Produced Fuels Acquisition 0.000016 0.000014 0.000009

H 2

### Production* 0.000003 0.000005 0.000003 Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.000001 0.000001 0.000000

Total 9.745 9.550 6.036 Refinery Fuels Combustion 6.447 5.955 3.778 Steam/Electricity Acquisition 1.197 1.106 0.701 Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.228 0.211 0.134 Refinery Produced Fuels Acquisition 0.903 0.834 0.529

H 2

### Production* 0.889 1.369 0.847 Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.081 0.075 0.048
17% 29% 28% 23% 4% 9% 7%

Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Carbon Dioxide 6.41 5.92 3.76 1.16 1.07 0.678 0.176 0.162 0.103 Methane 4.02E-03 3.71E-03 2.36E-03 3.52E-02 3.25E-02 2.06E-02 5.15E-02 4.76E-02 3.02E-02 Nitrous Oxide 3.43E-02 3.16E-02 2.01E-02 4.35E-03 4.02E-03 2.55E-03 1.14E-03 1.05E-03 6.68E-04 GHG 6.45 5.96 3.78 1.20 1.11 0.701 0.228 0.211 0.134

Source kg CO2

### / day kg CH 4

### / day kg N 2

### O / day Fuels Combustion at Refinery 517,361,504 12,983 9,281 Purchased Stm & Electricity 93,451,488 113,716 1,178 Upstream Natural Gas and Coal 14,178,999 166,386 309 Upstream Refinery-Produced Fuels 60,384,723 484,194 1,260 H 2

### Production (not included in above) 76,321,567 109,133 273 Flaring & Venting/Fugitive 5,337,947 47,682 57.3 Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam & Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas & Coal Acquisition Fraction of Energy Consumption due to H 2

### Production

Summary of LC Stage #3 Emissions GHG (kg CO2 

### E/ MMBtu LHV refined) GHG (kg CO 2 

### E/MMBtu LHV) kg N 2

### O/MMBtu LHV



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Breakout 2008 113

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 

## This worksheet provides a break-out of Life Cycle Stage #3 GHG emissions between several subcategories.

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Breakout 2008 114

### Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Carbon Dioxide Methane Nitrous Oxide GHG

Source Fuels Combustion at Refinery Purchased Stm & Electricity Upstream Natural Gas and Coal Upstream Refinery-Produced Fuels H 2

### Production (not included in above) Flaring & Venting/Fugitive Fraction of Energy Consumption due to H 2

### Production

Summary of LC Stage #3 Emissions GHG (kg CO2 

### E/ MMBtu LHV refined) Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel 0.748 0.691 0.438 0.857 1.3203 0.816 0.0661 0.0611 0.0387 1.50E-01 1.39E-01 8.79E-02 3.07E-02 4.72E-02 2.92E-02 1.48E-02 1.36E-02 8.65E-03 4.65E-03 4.30E-03 2.73E-03 9.15E-04 1.41E-03 8.72E-04 2.11E-04 1.95E-04 1.24E-04 0.903 0.834 0.529 0.889 1.3689 0.847 0.0811 0.0749 0.0475

RefineryProduced Fuels Acquisition Hydrogen Production* Flaring, Venting, & Fugitive



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Breakout 2008 115

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 

## This worksheet provides a break-out of Life Cycle Stage #3 GHG emissions between several subcategories.

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Breakout 2008 116

### Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total Refinery Fuels Combustion Steam/Electricity Acquisition Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition Refinery Produced Fuels Acquisition

H 2

### Production* Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Carbon Dioxide Methane Nitrous Oxide GHG

Source Fuels Combustion at Refinery Purchased Stm & Electricity Upstream Natural Gas and Coal Upstream Refinery-Produced Fuels H 2

### Production (not included in above) Flaring & Venting/Fugitive Fraction of Energy Consumption due to H 2

### Production

Summary of LC Stage #3 Emissions GHG (kg CO2 

### E/ MMBtu LHV refined) Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel 9.41 9.22 5.83 2.86E-01 2.83E-01 1.79E-01 4.55E-02 4.26E-02 2.70E-02 9.74 9.55 6.04

Total LC Stage #3 Domestic



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Refinery Breakout 2008 117

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Emissions Source Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Mine Methane Emissions Coal Combustion 1.22 kg CO 2

### /ton coal Distillate Combustion 0.753 kg CO 2

### /ton coal Residual Fuel Combustion 0.238 kg CO 2

### /ton coal Natural Gas Combustion 0.0734 kg CO 2

### /ton coal Gasoline Combustion 0.0358 kg CO 2

### /ton coal Electricity Full Profile 12.5 kg CO 2

### /ton coal Includes upstream profile Subtotal Mining Emissions 14.8 kg CO2

### /ton coal Coal Transport 9.86 kg CO 2

### /ton coal Total 24.7 kg CO2

### /ton coal

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year Energy Intensity 337 Btu HHV/ton-mile ORNL 2005 Table 2.16 and 2.4 2005 Round-Trip Distance 400 mi les Study assumption Energy/Diesel Usage 134,800 Btu HHV/ton coal Calculated

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year Mine methane emissions 320 cf CH 4

### /ton coal see report; API 2004 Mean bituminous CBM 260 cf CH4/ton coal see report; average from a variety of sourcesPercent of CBM for postmi ning 23% see report; API 2004 Methane density 19.1 g/cf EPA 2007c

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year Fuels Consumed Coal (produced and subsequently consumed) 179,800 tons Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 2002
Distillate (light) grade numbers 1,2,4, and light diesel fuel 655,900 bbl Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 1997
Residual (heavy) grade numbers 5 and 6 and heavy diesel fuel 178,300 bbl Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 2002

Gas (natural, manufactured, and mixed) 500 MMcf Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 1997

Gasoline 1,500,000 gallons Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 2002 Purchased electricity 6,287,072,000 kWh Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 2002 Other parameters Total quantity of bituminous coal shipped 371,400,000 tons Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 2002

Fuel Type Energy Content Units Source/Comments Year Coal 27.0 MMBtu HHV/ton API 2004 Table 3-5

- Distillate 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

- Residual Fuel Oil 6.287 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

- Natural Gas 1,027 MMBtu HHV/MMcf EIA 2008

- Gasoline 5.253 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

-

Fuel Type Emissions Factor Units Source/Comments Year Coal 93.1 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table A-3

- Distillate 73.2 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1

- Residual Fuel Oil 78.8 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1

- Natural Gas 53.1 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1

- Gasoline 70.9 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4.1 Electricity 0.739 kg CO 2

### /kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 Locomotive Diesel 73.2 kg CO 2

### /MMBtu HHV EIA "Fuel Emission Factors" for EIA-1605 

## This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions profile for delivered bituminous coal from underground mining.

CO2

### Emissions for Delivered Bituminous Coal from Underground Mining

Fuels Energy Content Coal Transport - Diesel Locomotive

An nual Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining (including preparation) Mine Methane Emissions

CO2

### Emissions Factor



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Coal 2008 118

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Emissions Source Mine Methane Emissions Coal Combustion Distillate Combustion Residual Fuel Combustion Natural Gas Combustion Gasoline Combustion Electricity Full Profile Subtotal Mining Emissions Coal Transport Total

Parameter Energy Intensity Round-Trip Distance Energy/Diesel Usage

Parameter Mine methane emissions Mean bituminous CBMPercent of CBM for postmi ning Methane density

Parameter Fuels Consumed Coal (produced and subsequently consumed) Distillate (light) grade numbers 1,2,4, and light diesel fuel Residual (heavy) grade numbers 5 and 6 and heavy diesel fuel Gas (natural, manufactured, and mixed)
Gasoline Purchased electricity Other parameters Total quantity of bituminous coal shipped

Fuel Type Coal Distillate Residual Fuel Oil Natural Gas Gasoline

Fuel Type Coal Distillate Residual Fuel Oil Natural Gas Gasoline Electricity Locomotive Diesel 

## This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions profile for delivered bituminous coal from underground mining.

An nual Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining (including preparation) Emissions Units Source/Comments Year 6.12 kg CH 4

### /ton coal Uncontrolled 0.0000100 kg CH 4

### /ton coal 0.0000561 kg CH 4

### /ton coal 0.0000130 kg CH 4

### /ton coal 0.00000185 kg CH 4

### /ton coal 0.0000692 kg CH 4

### /ton coal 0.0145 kg CH 4

### /ton coal Includes upstream profile 6.14 kg CH 4

### /ton coal 0.000778 kg CH 4

### /ton coal 6.14 kg CH 4

### /ton coal

Emissions Factor Units Source/Comments Year 0.000765 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

- 0.00545 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

- 0.00432 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

- 0.00134 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

- 0.137 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4.5 0.000858 kg CH 4

### /kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 0.00577 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu HHV EIA "Fuel Emission Factors" for EIA-1605 

## This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions profile for delivered bituminous coal from underground mining.

Methane Emissions for Deliv'd Bituminous Coal from Underground Mining

Methane Emissions Factor



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Coal 2008 119

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Emissions Source Mine Methane Emissions Coal Combustion Distillate Combustion Residual Fuel Combustion Natural Gas Combustion Gasoline Combustion Electricity Full Profile Subtotal Mining Emissions Coal Transport Total

Parameter Energy Intensity Round-Trip Distance Energy/Diesel Usage

Parameter Mine methane emissions Mean bituminous CBMPercent of CBM for postmi ning Methane density

Parameter Fuels Consumed Coal (produced and subsequently consumed) Distillate (light) grade numbers 1,2,4, and light diesel fuel Residual (heavy) grade numbers 5 and 6 and heavy diesel fuel Gas (natural, manufactured, and mixed)
Gasoline Purchased electricity Other parameters Total quantity of bituminous coal shipped

Fuel Type Coal Distillate Residual Fuel Oil Natural Gas Gasoline

Fuel Type Coal Distillate Residual Fuel Oil Natural Gas Gasoline Electricity Locomotive Diesel 

## This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions profile for delivered bituminous coal from underground mining.

An nual Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining (including preparation) Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

0.0000310 kg N 2

### O/ton coal 0.0000361 kg N 2

### O/ton coal 0.00000984 kg N 2

### O/ton coal 0.000000788 kg N 2

### O/ton coal 0.000000473 kg N 2

### O/ton coal 0.000162 kg N 2

### O/ton coal Includes upstream profile 0.000241 kg N 2

### O/ton coal 0.000253 kg N 2

### O/ton coal 0.000493 kg N 2

### O/ton coal

Emissions Factor Units Source/Comments Year 0.00237 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

- 0.00351 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

- 0.00326 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

- 0.000570 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

- 0.000117 kg N 2

### O/gallon API 2004 Table 4.5 0.0000096 kg N 2

### O/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 0.00187 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu HHV EIA "Fuel Emission Factors" for EIA-1605 N 2

### O Emissions for Delivered Bituminous Coal from Underground Mining

N 2

### O Emissions Factor



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Coal 2008 120Return to Contents Worksheet

Fuel Type Energy Units Source/Comments Year Direct fuels produced and consumed in the refinery LPG 41,361 MMBtu HHV/day 2005 Distillate 12,049 MMBtu HHV/day 2005 Residual Fuel Oil 38,015 MMBtu HHV/day 2005 Still Gas 3,916,208 MMBtu HHV/day 2005 Petroleum Coke 1,479,626 MMBtu HHV/day 2005 Other Products 84,622 MMBtu HHV/day 2005 Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery Natural Gas 1,921,528 MMBtu HHV/day 2005 Coal 3,033 MMBtu HHV/day 2005 Indirect/purchased energy Electricity 342,060 MMBtu HHV/day 2005 Steam 209,066 MMBtu HHV/day 2005 Total 8,047,569 MMBtu HHV/day 2005

Fuel Type Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Combustion Emissions - Direct fuels produced and consumed in the refinery LPG 2,576,796 kg CO2/day 2005 48.9 kg CH 4/day 2005 393 kg N 2O/day 2005 Distillate 881,985 kg CO2/day 2005 65.7 kg CH 4/day 2005 42.3 kg N 2O/day 2005 Residual Fuel Oil 2,995,568 kg CO2/day 2005 164 kg CH 4/day 2005 124 kg N 2O/day 2005 Still Gas 251,420,568 kg CO2/day 2005 5,247 kg CH 4/day 2005 2,562 kg N 2O/day 2005 Petroleum Coke 151,069,859 kg CO2/day 2005 4,418 kg CH 4/day 2005 4,761 kg N 2O/day 2005 Other Products 6,101,217 kg CO2/day 2005 462 kg CH 4/day 2005 297 kg N 2O/day 2005 Combustion Emissions - Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery Natural Gas 102,033,150 kg CO2/day 2005 2,575 kg CH 4/day 2005 1,095 kg N 2O/day 2005 Coal 282,361 kg CO2/day 2005 2.32 kg CH 4/day 2005 7.20 kg N 2O/day 2005 Upstream Emissions - Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery Natural Gas 14,176,227 kg CO2/day 2005 165,696 kg CH 4/day 2005 309 kg N 2O/day 2005 Coal 2,773 kg CO2/day 2005 689 kg CH 4/day 2005 0.0554 kg N 2O/day 2005 Full Emissions Profile - Indirect/purchased energy Electricity 74,061,954 kg CO2/day 2005 86,025 kg CH 4/day 2005 961 kg N 2O/day 2005 Steam 19,389,534 kg CO2/day 2005 27,691 kg CH 4/day 2005 217 kg N 2O/day 2005 Total 624,991,991 kg CO2/day 2005 293,085 kg CH 4/day 2005 10,768 kg N 2O/day 2005

Fuel Type Quantity

Consumed Units Source/Comments Year Direct fuels produced and consumed in the refinery LPG 4,175 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Distillate 755 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Residual Fuel Oil 2,207 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Still Gas 238,236 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Petroleum Coke 89,652 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Other Products 5,329 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery Natural Gas 682,919 MMcf EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Coal 41 thousand tons EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Indirect/purchased energy Electricity 36,592 MM kWh EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Steam 63,591 MMlbs EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Annual U.S. Refinery Fuels Consumption 

### This worksheet determines the total energy consumption of U.S. refineries in 2005 and the associated GHG emissions from use and acquisition of the fuels. Fuels consumed data is as reported by EIA with emissions factors from various sources.

U.S. Refinery CO2Emissions from Fuels Consumed U.S. Refinery CH 4Emissions from Fuels Consumed U.S. Refinery N 2O Emissions from Fuels Consumed U.S. Refinery Energy Consumption



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Fuels Consum & Emiss 2008 121Fuel Type Energy Content Units Source/Comments Year Direct fuels produced and consumed in the refinery LPG 3.616 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Distillate 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Residual Fuel Oil 6.287 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Still Gas 6.000 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Petroleum Coke 6.024 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Other Products 5.796 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery Natural Gas 1,027 MMBtu HHV/MMcf EIA 2008 Coal 27 MMBtu HHV/ton API 2004 Table 3-5 Indirect/purchased energy Electricity 3,412 Btu/kWh Steam 0.0012 MMBtu/lb ConEdison 2007

Fuel Type Emissions

Factor Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Factor Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Factor Units Source/Comments Year Combustion Factors - Direct fuels produced and consumed in the refinery LPG 62.3 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0.00118 kg CH 4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.00950 kg N 2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 Distillate 73.2 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0.00545 kg CH 4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.00351 kg N 2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 Residual Fuel Oil 78.8 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0.00432 kg CH 4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.00326 kg N 2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 Still Gas 64.2 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0.00134 kg CH 4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.000654 kg N 2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 Petroleum Coke 102 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0.00299 kg CH 4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.00322 kg N 2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 Other Products 72.1 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table A-3 0.00545 kg CH 4/MMBtu HHV Similar to distillate 0.00351 kg N 2O/MMBtu HHV Similar to distillate Combustion Factors - Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery Natural Gas 53.1 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0.00134 kg CH 4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.000570 kg N 2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 Coal 93.1 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table A-3 0.000765 kg CH 4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.00237 kg N 2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 Upstream Emissions Factors - Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery Natural Gas 7,577 kg CO2/MMscf NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4

- 88.6 kg CH4/MMscf NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4

- 0.165 kg N2O/MMscf NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4

- Coal 24.7 kg CO2/ton coal 0

- 6.14 kg CH4/ton coal 0

- 0.000493 kg N2O/ton coal 0

- Full Emissions Profile Factors - Indirect/purchased energy Electricity 0.739 kg CO2/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 0.000858 kg CH4/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 0.00000959 kg N2O/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 Steam 92.7 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007

- 0.132 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007

- 0.00104 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007

-

Fuel Type Quantity

Consumed Units Source/Comments Gasoline 2,086 bpd "Other Products" divided equally Diesel 4,154 bpd All "Distillate" Kerosene 2,086 bpd Residual Fuel Oil 8,132 bpd All "Residual Fuel Oil" Coke 247,708 bpd All "Petroleum Coke" Light Ends 666,225 bpd "LPG" and "Still Gas" Heavy Ends 2,086 bpd Fuels Produced in Refinery by Product Category

Fuels Energy Content

Methane Emissions Factor N 2O Emissions Factor

CO2Emissions Factor



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Fuels Consum & Emiss 2008 122Return to Contents Worksheet

CO2 Units Source/Comments Year CH 4 Units Source/Comments Year N 2O Units Catalytic Reformer 0 kg CO 2/day 0 kg CH 4/day 0 kg N 2O/day On-site Hydrogen Production 51,370,699 kg CO 2/day 73,381 kg CH 4/day 137 kg N 2O/day Natural Gas Feed (Upstream) 6,278,136 kg CO 2/day 73,381 kg CH 4/day 137 kg N 2O/day Process 45,092,563 kg CO 2/day kg CH 4/day kg N 2O/day Purchased Hydrogen 24,950,868 kg CO 2/day 35,752 kg CH 4/day 137 kg N 2O/day Total Emissions 76,321,567 kg CO 2/day 109,133 kg CH 4/day 273 kg N 2O/day

Energy Units Source/Comments Year Energy Units Source/Comments Year Catalytic Reformer 1,068,394 MMBtu HHV/day 384 Btu HHV/scf H 2 On-Site Hydrogen Production 87,472 MMBtu HHV/day 36.5 Btu HHV/scf H 2 Ex NG feedstock; Incl electricity losses Purchased Hydrogen 0 MMBtu HHV/day 0 Btu HHV/scf H 2 Total 1,155,866 MMBtu HHV/day

Units Source/Comments Year Units Source/Comments Year Catalytic Reformer 2,782 MMscf H 2/day Net of H 2for reformer fd hydrotreating 43.4 % On-Site Hydrogen Production 2,400 MMscf H 2/day Assumes 85% Capacity Utilization 2005 37.5 % Purchased Hydrogen 1,222 MMscf H 2/day Extrapolated from 2003 19.1 % Total 6,404 MMscf H 2/day 100 % H 2Purchased by Refineries 370,000 MMscf H 2/yr SRI Chemical Economics Handbook for Hydrogen, 2004 2003 Historical Annual Growth 9.8% SRI Chemical Economics Handbook for Hydrogen, 2004 '99-'03

Value Units Source/Comments Year FINAL Energy Allocated to H 2 384 Btu HHV/scf H 2 INPUT % Energy Allocated to H 2 100% Input for modeling evaluation only MAX Energy Allocation to H 2 388 Btu HHV/scf H 3 Equal to model plant FINAL % Energy Allocated to H 2 100% % Energy Allocated to Reformate 0% Energy Relative to H 2Production 384 Btu HHV/scf H2 Energy Usage 312 MBtu HHV/bbl Catalytic Reformer 253 MBtu HHV/bbl Energy Intensities wksht Reformer Feed Hydrotreater 59 MBtu HHV/bbl Energy Intensities wksht Hydrogen Net Production 814 scf H 2/bbl Catalytic Reformer 1,000 scf H 2/bbl H2 Intensities wksht Reformer Feed Hydrotreater -186 scf H 2/bbl H2 Intensities wksht 

### This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions associated with Hydrogen production that are not included in the refinery fuels consumption GHG profile and calculates the energy usage associated with hydrogen production that is included in the refinery fuels consumption GHG profile.

Hydrogen Production Contribution Hydrogen Production Emissions NOT Included in Refinery Fuels Combustion Emissions Calculation

Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen Production

Hydrogen Production Hydrogen Production Energy Usage Already Included in Refinery Fuels Combustion Energy Calculation



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls H2 Block 2008 123CO2 Units Source/Comments Year CH 4 Units Source/Comments Year N 2O Units Natural Gas Feed (Upstream) 0.00262 kg CO 2/scf H 2 3.06E-05 kg CH 4/scf H 2 5.70E-08 kg N 2O/scf H 2 Natural Gas Fuel (Upstream) 0.00104 kg CO 2/scf H 2 1.22E-05 kg CH 4/scf H 2 2.27E-08 kg N 2O/scf H 2 Process 0.0188 kg CO 2/scf H 2 Combustion 0.00743 kg CO 2/scf H 2 Does not include upstream profile 1.40E-07 kg CH 4/scf H 2 Does not include upstream profile 1.37E-07 kg N 2O/scf H 2 Electricity 0.000384 kg CO 2/scf H 2 Includes upstream profile 4.46E-07 kg CH 4/scf H 2 Includes upstream profile 4.99E-09 kg N 2O/scf H 2 High Pressure Steam -0.00985 kg CO 2/scf H 2 Includes upstream profile -1.41E-05 kg CH 4/scf H 2 Includes upstream profile -1.10E-07 kg N 2O/scf H 2 Net Emissions 0.0204 kg CO2/scf H 2 2.93E-05 kg CH 4/scf H 2 1.12E-07 kg N 2O/scf H 2

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year Natural Gas Feed Mass Basis 0.00658 kg NG/scf H 2 HHV Basis 352 Btu HHV/scf H 2 LHV Basis 317 Btu LHV/scf H 2 Boyce 2004 Natural Gas Fuel Mass Basis 0.00262 kg NG/scf H 2 HHV Basis 140 Btu HHV/scf H 2 LHV Basis 126 Btu LHV/scf H 2 Boyce 2004 Electricity Consumption 0.00052 kW h/scf H 2 Boyce 2004 High Pressure Steam Mass Basis -0.090 lb/scf H 2 Boyce 2004 HHV Basis -106 Btu/scf H 2 Net Energy Requirements 388 Btu HHV/scf H 2

CO2 Units Source/Comments Year CH 4 Units Source/Comments Year N 2O Units Natural Gas Upstream 0.398 kg CO 2/kg NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4

- 0.00465 kg CH 4/kg NG 8.66E-06 kg N 2O/kg NG Process 0.0544 kg CO 2/scf NG API 2004 Combustion 53.1 kg CO 2/MMBtu HHV API 2004, Table 4-1 0.00100 kg CH 4/MMBtu HHV API 2004, Table 4-4; not controlled 0.00098 kg N 2O/MMBtu HHV Electricity 0.73876 kg CO 2/kWh 0.000858 kg CO 2/kWh 0.00000959 kg CO 2/kWh High Pressure Steam 92.7 kg CO 2/MMBtu GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007

- 0.132 kg CO 2/MMBtu GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007

- 0.00104 kg CO 2/MMBtu

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year Natural Gas HHV 1,020 Btu HHV/scf API 2004 LHV 918 Btu LHV/scf API 2004 1/Density 23.8 scf/lb API 2004 High Pressure Steam Energy Content 2.745 MJ/kg GaBi 4 2007 Properties Emissions Factors Natural Gas Requirement and Energy Consumption (Production) Hydrogen Plant Emissions Intensities 

### Model of Hydrogen Plant - Modern PSA Purification

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls H2 Block 2008 124Source/Comments Year 

### This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions associated with Hydrogen production that are not included in the refinery fuels consumption GHG profile and calculates the energy usage associated with hydrogen

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls H2 Block 2008 125Source/Comments Year

Does not include upstream profile Includes upstream profile Includes upstream profile

Source/Comments Year

API 2004, Table 4-4; not controlled

GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007

-



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls H2 Block 2008 126Return to Contents Worksheet

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments CO 2Emissions 5,337,947 kg CO 2/day Methane Emissions 2,524 kg CH 4/day Using Method 1 N 2O Emissions 57.3 kg N 2O/day

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments Flaring Rate 5.65 scf/bbl atm dist capacity Methane Emissions (Method 1) 0.000146 kg CH 4/bbl of atm dist capacity From BAAQMD data Methane Emissions (Method 2) 0.00000777 kg CH 4/bbl of atm dist capacity Using flare data, assuming natural gas CO 2Emissions 0.308 kg CO 2/bbl of atm dist capacity Using flare data, assuming natural gas N 2O Emissions 0.00000330 kg N 2O/bbl of atm dist capacity Using flare data, assuming natural gas

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments Year Natural Gas Energy Content 1,027 Btu HHV/scf EIA 2008 0 Natural Gas CO 2Emissions from Combustion 53.1 kg CO 2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0 Natural Gas Methane Emissions from Combustion 0.00134 kg CH 4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0 Natural Gas N 2O Emissions from Combustion 0.000570 kg N 2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments Year Chevron Richmond 242,901 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 ConocoPhillips Rodeo 76,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Shell Martinez 155,600 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Tesoro Martinez 166,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Valero Benicia 144,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Subtotal 784,501 bbl/calendar day Subtotal of refineries covered by BAAQMD Chevron El Segundo 260,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Ultramar W ilm ington 80,887 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 BP Carson/LA 260,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 ExxonMobil Torrance 149,500 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Paramount/Paramount 50,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 ConocoPhillips W ilm ington 139,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Total of Representation 1,723,888 bbl/calendar day U.S. Total 17,338,814 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Representation 9.9% % of U.S. total

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments Year Chevron Richmond 73,168,477 scf/yr BAAQMD 2005 ConocoPhillips Rodeo 58,545,909 scf/yr BAAQMD 2005 Shell Martinez 144,843,539 scf/yr BAAQMD 2005 Tesoro Martinez 298,309,759 scf/yr BAAQMD 2005 Valero Benicia 67,533,365 scf/yr BAAQMD 2005 Chevron El Segundo 402,340,700 scf/yr AQMD 2006 Ultramar W ilm ington 122,149,430 scf/yr AQMD 2006 BP Carson/LA 714,386,630 scf/yr AQMD 2006 ExxonMobil Torrance 270,100,637 scf/yr AQMD 2006 Paramount/Paramount 222,424,303 scf/yr AQMD 2006 ConocoPhillips W ilm ington 1,178,351,730 scf/yr AQMD 2006 Total of Representation 3,552,154,479 scf/yr

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments Year Chevron Richmond 4,528 kg/yr BAAQMD 2005 ConocoPhillips Rodeo 6,382 kg/yr BAAQMD 2005 Shell Martinez 9,808 kg/yr BAAQMD 2005 Tesoro Martinez 16,715 kg/yr BAAQMD 2005 Valero Benicia 4,245 kg/yr BAAQMD 2005 Total of Representation 41,678 kg/yr

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments Year Methane Emissions 45,159 kg CH 4/day 2005 Fugitive Emissions 0.086 Bcf/yr See comments box 2005 Vented Emissions 0.775 Bcf/yr See comments box 2005 Density of Methane 19.14 tonne/mmcf EPA 2007c Estimated Flaring Emissions from U.S. Refineries in 2005 Select California Refinery Methane Emissions from Flaring

Select California Refinery Flare Gas Flow Select California Refinery Atmospheric Distillation Capacity

Fugitive/Vented Emissions 

## This worksheet estimates fugitive and vented methane emissions and GHG emissions associated with venting and flaring from U.S. refineries in 2005. Flaring emissions are based on flaring data reported by California emissions with assumptions on flare gas quality. Fugitive and vented methane emissions are from EPA estimates.
Flaring Emissions from U.S. Refineries in 2005

General Properties and Emissions Factors California Refinery Flaring Emissions Relative to Atmospheric Distillation Capacity

Estimated Flaring Emissions from U.S. Refineries in 2005



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Flaring & Fugitive Vent CH4 2008 127Return to Contents Worksheet
Product Type Annual Input Units Source/Comments Year Crude Oil 15,220 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Natural Gas Liquids 432 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Other Hydrocarbon-Hydrogen 71 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Unfinished Oils (net) 569 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Total 16,292 Mbpd 2005 1.089319395

Product Type Annual Production Units Source/Comments Year Gasoline & Aviation Gasoline 7,816 Mbpd Adj for blending components 2005 Distillate 3,954 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel & Kerosene 1,611 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Residual Fuel Oil 628 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Coke Production 835 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Light Ends (Still Gas, LRG, Special Naphtha, Petchem Feed) 1,684 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Heavy/Other (Asphalt & Road Oil, Lubricants, W axes, Misc) 754 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Total 17,281 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Product Type Annual Production Units Source/Comments Year Total 5,686,470 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Liquefied Refinery Gases 209,029 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Ethane/Ethylene 7,265 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Ethane 4,784 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Ethylene 2,481 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Propane/Propylene 197,256 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Propane 113,604 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Propylene 83,652 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Normal Butane/Butylene 15,589 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Normal Butane 13,838 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Butylene 1,751 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Isobutane/Isobutylene -11,081 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Isobutane -11,133 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Isobutylene 52 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Finished Motor Gasoline 2,225,344 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Reformulated 388,376 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Reformulated Blended w/ Ether 350,744 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Reformulated Blended w/ Alcohol 14,973 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Reformulated (Non-Oxygenated) 22,659 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Conventional 1,836,968 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Conventional Blended w/ Alcohol 12,972 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Conventional Other 1,823,996 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Finished Aviation Gasoline 6,167 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel 564,226 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Kerosene 23,933 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Distillate Fuel Oil 1,443,348 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 15 ppm and under 8,456 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Greater than 15 ppm to 500 ppm 1,061,935 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Greater than 500 ppm 372,957 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Residual Fuel Oil 229,074 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Less Than 0.31 Percent Sulfur 27,649 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 0.31 to 1.00 Percent Sulfer 51,843 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Greater Than 1.00 Percent Sulfur 149,582 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Petrochemical Feedstocks 141,948 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Naphtha For Petrochemical Feedstock Use 78,286 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Other Oils For Petrochemical Feedstock Use 63,662 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Special Naphthas 14,009 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Lubricants 61,238 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Waxes 5,808 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Petroleum Coke 304,730 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Marketable 217,502 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Catalyst 87,228 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Asphalt and Road Oil 186,736 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Still Gas 249,514 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Miscellaneous Products 21,366 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Fuel Use 100 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Nonfuel Use 21,266 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Processing Gain(-) or Loss(+) -361,131 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Input Type Annual Input Units Source/Comments Year Total 5,325,339 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Crude Oil 5,555,332 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Natural Gas Liquids 157,696 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Pentanes Plus 68,174 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Liquefied Petroleum Gases 89,522 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Normal Butane 40,501 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Isobutane 49,021 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Other Liquids -387,689 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Other Hydrocarbons/Oxygenates 65,129 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Other Hydrocarbons-Hydrogen 25,833 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Oxygenates 39,296 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Fuel Ethanol 2,603 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 MTBE 36,081 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 All Other Oxygenates 612 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Unfinished Oils (net) 207,731 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Naphthas and Lighter 27,287 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Kerosene and Light Gas Oils -3,860 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Heavy Gas Oils 139,646 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Residuum 44,658 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Motor Gasoline Blending Components (net) -658,847 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Reformulated -519,019 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 RBOB for Blending with Ether -3,158 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 RBOB for Blending with Alcohol -515,861 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Conventional -139,828 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 CBOB for Blending with Alcohol -126,996 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 GTAB 0 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Other -12,832 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Aviation Gasoline Blending Components (net) -1,702 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 This worksheet summarizes the input to and production from U.S. refineries in 2005 as reported by EIA.

U.S. Refinery Net Production by Category U.S. Refinery Net Input (excludes blending components/oxygenates)

U.S. Refinery Net Input U.S. Refinery Net Production

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Input & Production 2008 128Return to Contents Worksheet
Unit Operation Capacity Units Source/Comments Date Atmospheric Distillation 15,578,000 bpd Actual 2005 2005 Vacuum Distillation 7,138,700 bpd Actual 2005 2005 Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 5,269,000 bpd Actual 2005 2005 Catalytic Hydrocracking 1,172,000 bpd Actual 2005 2005 Distillate 376,247 bpd Relative to actual hydrocracking % utilization 2005 Gas Oil 654,873 bpd Relative to actual hydrocracking % utilization 2005 Residual 140,880 bpd Relative to actual hydrocracking % utilization 2005 Coking 2,054,000 bpd Actual 2005 2005 Delayed 1,887,836 bpd Relative to actual coking capacity % utilization 2005 Fluid 166,164 bpd Relative to actual coking capacity % utilization 2005 Hydrotreating 11,846,389 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Naphtha/Reformer Feed 3,520,387 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/2/2006 Naphtha 101,251 bpd Remaining throughput that is not reformer feed 1/1/2006 Reformer Feed 3,419,136 bpd Set equal to catalytic reforming throughput 1/1/2006 Gasoline 1,645,176 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Heavy Gas Oil 2,045,632 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Distillate Fuel Oil 3,827,882 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Kerosene/Jet Fuel 768,560 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Diesel Fuel 2,360,634 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Other Distillate 698,688 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Residual Fuel Oil/Other 807,312 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Residual Fuel Oil 261,680 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Other 545,632 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Catalytic Reforming 3,419,136 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Alkylation 1,052,707 bpd Est using stream day production capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Isomerization 521,553 bpd Est using stream day production capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Isobutane 177,650 bpd Est using stream day production capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Isopentane/Isohexane 343,903 bpd Est using stream day production capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Lubricants 167,775 bpd From Input & Production - EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Sulfur 22,695 short tons/day Est using stream day production capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006 Asphalt and Road Oil 0 bbl/day Hydrogen Plant 2,400 MMcf/day 1/1/2006

Unit Operation Capacity Utilization Units Source/Comments Date Atmospheric Distillation 89.8 % Actual relative to calendar day capacity Vacuum Distillation 85.0 % Study assumption Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 90.9 % Actual relative to calendar day capacity Catalytic Hydrocracking 79.5 % Actual relative to calendar day capacity Distillate 79.5 % Same as overall hydrocracking Gas Oil 79.5 % Same as overall hydrocracking Residual 79.5 % Same as overall hydrocracking Coking 88.2 % Actual relative to calendar day capacity Delayed 88.2 % Same as overall coking Fluid 88.2 % Same as overall coking Hydrotreating 80.0 % Study assumption; API 1997 Naphtha/Reformer Feed 80.0 % Same as overall hydrotreating Naphtha Reformer Feed Gasoline 80.0 % Same as overall hydrotreating Heavy Gas Oil 80.0 % Same as overall hydrotreating Distillate Fuel Oil 80.0 % Same as overall hydrotreating Kerosene/Jet Fuel 80.0 % Same as overall hydrotreating Diesel Fuel 80.0 % Same as overall hydrotreating Other Distillate 80.0 % Same as overall hydrotreating Residual Fuel Oil/Other 80.0 % Same as overall hydrotreating Residual Fuel Oil 80.0 % Same as overall hydrotreating Other 80.0 % Same as overall hydrotreating Catalytic Reforming 88.6 % Study assumption; API 1997 Alkylation 85.0 % Study assumption; API 1997 Isomerization 73.6 % Weighted avg of isobut/pent/hex Isobutane 77.0 % Study assumption; API 1997 Isopentane/Isohexane 72.0 % Study assumption; API 1997 Lubricants 76.3 % Capacity to relate lubricant capacity to actual output 2005 Sulfur 70.0 % Study assumption Hydrogen Plant 85.0 % Study assumption

Capacity Units Source/Comments Date Atmospheric Crude Oil Distillation Capacity Operable 17,338,814 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Operating 16,420,914 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Idle 917,900 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Operable 18,307,502 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Operating 17,322,202 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Idle 985,300 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Downstream Charge Capacity Vacuum Distillation 8,398,470 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Thermal Cracking 2,539,510 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Total Coking 2,510,910 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Delayed Coking 2,305,510 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Fluid Coking 205,400 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Visbreaking 18,000 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Other (Including Gas Oil) 10,600 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Catalytic Cracking - Fresh Feed 6,187,883 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Catalytic Cracking - Recycle Feed 87,240 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Catalytic Hydro-Cracking 1,637,200 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Distillate 516,600 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Gas Oil 920,200 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Residual 200,400 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Catalytic Reforming 3,859,070 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Low Pressure 2,308,650 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 High Pressure 1,550,420 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Catalytic Hydrotreating/Desulfurization 14,807,986 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Naphtha/Reformer Feed 4,400,484 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Gasoline 2,056,470 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Heavy Gas Oil 2,557,040 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Distillate Fuel Oil 4,784,852 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Kerosene/Jet Fuel 960,700 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Diesel Fuel 2,950,792 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Other Distillate 873,360 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Residual Fuel Oil/Other 1,009,140 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Residual Fuel Oil 327,100 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Other 682,040 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Fuels Solvent Deasphalting 386,290 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Downstream Charge Capacity Total Coking 2,330,100 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Catalytic Cracking - Fresh Feed 5,799,582 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Catalytic Hydro-Cracking 1,474,986 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Downstream Charge Capacity Coking Delayed Coking 2,141,600 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Fluid Coking 188,500 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Catalytic Hydro-Cracking Distillate 473,515 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Gas Oil 824,171 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Residual 177,300 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Process Type Throughput Units Source/Comments Date Catalytic Cracking Units 5,269 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Catalytic Hydrocracking Units 1,172 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Delayed and Fluid Coking Units 2,054 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Input Units Source/Comments Date Gross Input to Atmospheric Crude Oil Distillation Units 15,578 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Product Capacity Units Source/Comments Date Alkylate 1,238,479 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Aromatics 319,250 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Asphalt & Road Oil 893,249 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Isomers 708,357 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Isobutane 230,714 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Isopentane & Isohexane 477,643 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Lubricants 219,840 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Marketable Petroleum Coke 708,863 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Hydrogen 2,823 MMcf/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 Sulfur 32,421 Short tons/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006 This worksheet determines the throughput for individual unit operations for use in allocation of energy usage and hydrogen usage to refinery products. Actual 2005 throughput as reported by EIA is utilized when available with the remaining throughputs determined using unit operation capacity reported by EIA (as of 1/1/2006) and capacity utilization rates from various sources.

U.S. Refinery Unit Actual Throughput

U.S. Refinery Actual Input

U.S. Refinery Production Capacity U.S. Refinery Downstream Charge Capacity Capacity Utilization (relative to stream day capacity unless otherwise noted)

Actual or Estimated Throughput

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Capacity & Thruput 2008 129Return to Contents Worksheet

Unit Operation Energy Use Units Source/Comments Atmospheric Distillation 1,717,569 MMBtu HHV/day Vacuum Distillation 640,364 MMBtu HHV/day Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 996,278 MMBtu HHV/day Catalytic Hydrocracking Distillate 40,128 MMBtu HHV/day Gas Oil 69,844 MMBtu HHV/day Residual 15,025 MMBtu HHV/day Coking Delayed 277,007 MMBtu HHV/day Fluid 16,429 MMBtu HHV/day Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 5,979 MMBtu HHV/day Reformer Feed 201,897 MMBtu HHV/day Gasoline 97,146 MMBtu HHV/day Heavy Gas Oil 120,793 MMBtu HHV/day Distillate Fuel Oil Kerosene/Jet Fuel 45,383 MMBtu HHV/day Diesel Fuel 139,393 MMBtu HHV/day Other Distillate 41,257 MMBtu HHV/day Residual Fuel Oil/Other Residual Fuel Oil 15,452 MMBtu HHV/day Other 32,219 MMBtu HHV/day Catalytic Reforming 866,497 MMBtu HHV/day Alkylation 284,713 MMBtu HHV/day Isomerization Isobutane 60,850 MMBtu HHV/day Isopentane/Isohexane 57,059 MMBtu HHV/day Lubricants 236,557 MMBtu HHV/day Sulfur 4,304 MMBtu HHV/day Hydrogen Plant 87,472 MMBtu HHV/day Total 6,069,614 MMBtu HHV/day Energy Balance 75.4% Ratio of unit energy use estimate to energy from fuels consumed

Unit Operation Energy Intensity Units Source/Comments Year Atmospheric Distillation 110 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007 Vacuum Distillation 89.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007 Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 189 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007 Catalytic Hydrocracking MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007 Distillate 107 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrocracking Gas Oil 107 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrocracking Residual 107 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrocracking Coking Delayed 147 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007 Fluid 98.9 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007 Hydrotreating MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007 Naphtha/Reformer Feed MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating Naphtha 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating Reformer Feed 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating Gasoline 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating Heavy Gas Oil 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating Distillate Fuel Oil MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating Kerosene/Jet Fuel 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating Diesel Fuel 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating Other Distillate 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating Residual Fuel Oil/Other MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating Residual Fuel Oil 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating Other 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating Catalytic Reforming 253 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007 Alkylation 270 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007 Isomerization Isobutane 343 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007 Isopentane/Isohexane 166 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007 Lubricants 1,410 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007 Sulfur 190 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Unit Operation Energy Intensity Units Source/Comments Year Refinery Electricity Usage 514,447 MMBtu/day Derived from Energetics 2007 Purchased Electricity 342,060 MMBtu/day EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Onsite Electricity Generation 172,387 MMBtu/day Percent Power from Onsite Generation 33.5% % of Estimated Electr Use Generation & Distribution Loss Factor 1.5 Less than the Energetics value of 2 due to no transmission losses

Unit Operation Energy Intensity Units Source/Comments Year Atmospheric Distillation 35,829 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput Vacuum Distillation 8,566 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 65,863 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput Catalytic Hydrocracking MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput Distillate 14,636.0 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrocracking Gas Oil 25,474.6 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrocracking Residual 5,480.2 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrocracking Coking MMBtu HHV/day Delayed 23,409 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput Fluid 17,015 MMBtu HHV/day Energetics (Fluid Coking, not Flexicoking) Hydrotreating MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput Naphtha/Reformer Feed MMBtu HHV/day Naphtha 1,883 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating Reformer Feed 63,596 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating Gasoline 30,600 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating Heavy Gas Oil 38,049 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating Distillate Fuel Oil MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating Kerosene/Jet Fuel 14,295 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating Diesel Fuel 43,908 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating Other Distillate 12,996 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating Residual Fuel Oil/Other MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating Residual Fuel Oil 4,867 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating Other 10,149 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating Catalytic Reforming 33,508 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput Alkylation 43,056 MMBtu HHV/day Energetics (Assumed Sulfuric Acid) Isomerization MMBtu HHV/day Isobutane 1,883 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput Isopentane/Isohexane 1,995 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput Lubricants 10,268 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput Sulfur 2,864 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput Aromatics 0 Hydrogen Plant 4,257 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Unit Operation Energy Intensity Units Source/Comments Year Hydrogen Plant 1,774 MBtu HHV/scf See H2 Block wksht

Unit Operation Energy Intensity Units Source/Comments Year Electricity Natural Gas Refinery Gas Coke Oils Other Steam Net Process Energy Electricity

Losses Energy Export Net Steam Exported Combustion of

Coke (Hc) Hydrogen

Produced Hydrogen

Consumed Total Process

Energy Atmospheric Distillation 109 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 2.3 29.3 52.6 19.3 3.5 2.1 0.0 109.1 4.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 113.8 Vacuum Distillation 89.1 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 1.2 24.1 43.2 15.9 2.9 1.8 0.0 89.1 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 91.5 Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 183 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 12.5 17.0 30.5 11.2 2.1 1.2 0.0 74.5 25.9 -97.7 0.0 206.0 0.0 0.0 208.7 Catalytic Hydrocracking 87.1 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 38.9 32.9 59.0 21.7 4.0 2.4 0.0 158.9 80.7 -71.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 361.5 529.3 Distillate 87.1 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrocracking 38.9 32.9 59.0 21.7 4.0 2.4 0.0 158.9 80.7 -71.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 361.5 529.3 Gas Oil 87.1 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrocracking 38.9 32.9 59.0 21.7 4.0 2.4 0.0 158.9 80.7 -71.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 361.5 529.3 Residual 87.1 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrocracking 38.9 32.9 59.0 21.7 4.0 2.4 0.0 158.9 80.7 -71.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 361.5 529.3 Coking Delayed 140.5 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 12.4 35.1 63.1 23.3 4.2 2.4 0.0 140.5 25.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 166.3 Fluid 47.4 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics (Fluid Coking, not Flexicoking) 102.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 165.0 267.4 212.6 -220.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 260.0 Hydrotreating 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Naphtha/Reformer Feed 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Naphtha 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Reformer Feed 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Gasoline 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Heavy Gas Oil 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Distillate Fuel Oil 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Kerosene/Jet Fuel 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Diesel Fuel 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Other Distillate 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Residual Fuel Oil/Other 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Residual Fuel Oil 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Other 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4 Catalytic Reforming 249 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 9.8 69.6 125.0 46.0 8.4 5.1 0.0 263.9 20.5 0.0 -15.4 0.0 -479.2 0.0 -210.2 Alkylation 250 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics (Assumed Sulfuric Acid) 40.9 57.3 102.8 37.8 6.9 4.2 0.0 249.9 85.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 335.0 Isomerization Isobutane 337 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 10.6 89.5 160.7 59.1 10.8 6.5 0.0 337.2 22.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 359.2 Isopentane/Isohexane 163 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 5.8 43.1 77.4 28.5 5.1 3.1 0.0 163.0 12.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 175.1 Lubricants 1,379 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 61.2 361.2 648.4 238.5 43.6 26.3 0.0 1,379.2 127.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,506.4 Sulfur 126 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 126.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 126.2 262.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 388.5 This worksheet provides the specific energy usage estimates by unit operation. The primary source is a 2007 Energetic report with adjustments made to electricity losses.

Energy for Steam/Process Heat kBtu / bbl (Sulfur kBtu/short tons) Energy Intensities of Refinery Unit Operations - Energetics 2005 Energy Intensities Including Electricity Losses for Onsite Pow er Generation Energy Use

Energy Intensities Excluding Electricity Losses and Hydrogen Impacts Specific Electricity Usage Not Included in Energetics Data

Estimated Electricity Use Summary of Electricity Use

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Energy Intensities 2008 130Return to Contents Worksheet

Unit Operation H 2consumption Units Source/Comments Year Atmospheric Distillation 0 MMcf/day Vacuum Distillation 0 MMcf/day Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 0 MMcf/day Catalytic Hydrocracking Distillate 376 MMcf/day Gas Oil 786 MMcf/day Residual 197 MMcf/day Coking Delayed 0 MMcf/day Fluid 0 MMcf/day Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 19 MMcf/day Reformer Feed 637 MMcf/day Gasoline 690 MMcf/day Heavy Gas Oil 1,525 MMcf/day Distillate Fuel Oil Kerosene/Jet Fuel 358 MMcf/day Diesel Fuel 1,320 MMcf/day Other Distillate 456 MMcf/day Residual Fuel Oil/Other Residual Fuel Oil 219 MMcf/day Other 458 MMcf/day Catalytic Reforming (3,419) MMcf/day Alkylation 0 MMcf/day Isomerization Isobutane 0 MMcf/day Isopentane/Isohexane 0 MMcf/day Lubricants 0 MMcf/day Sulfur 0 MMcf/day Aromatics 0 MMcf/day Asphalt and Road Oil 0 MMcf/day Total Net Consumption 3,622 MMcf/day Includes catalytic reformer H 2production Total Consumption 6,404 MMcf/day Excludes reformer feed hydrotreating Total Production 6,404 MMcf/day From "H2 Block" wksht

Unit Operation H 2consumption Units Source/Comments Year Atmospheric Distillation 0 scf/bbl throughput Vacuum Distillation 0 scf/bbl throughput Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 0 scf/bbl throughput Catalytic Hydrocracking Distillate 1,000 scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion Gas Oil 1,200 scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion Residual 1,400 scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion Coking Delayed 0 scf/bbl throughput Fluid 0 scf/bbl throughput Hydrotreating Balance point based on H2 consumption Naphtha/Reformer Feed 186 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption Naphtha 186 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption Reformer Feed 186 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption Gasoline 419 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption Heavy Gas Oil 745 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption Distillate Fuel Oil Kerosene/Jet Fuel 466 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption Diesel Fuel 559 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption Other Distillate 652 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption Residual Fuel Oil/Other Residual Fuel Oil 839 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption Other 839 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption Catalytic Reforming (1,000) scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion Alkylation 0 scf/bbl throughput Isomerization Isobutane 0 scf/bbl throughput Isopentane/Isohexane 0 scf/bbl throughput Lubricants 0 scf/bbl throughput Sulfur 0 scf/bbl throughput Aromatics 0 scf/bbl throughput Asphalt and Road Oil 0 scf/bbl throughput

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year Total Hydrogen Production 7,041 MMcf/day NOT net reformer feed hydrotreating Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption 1,359 MMcf/day Hydrotreating Hydrogen Consumption 5,681 MMcf/day Balance Naphtha Hydrotreating Factor 186 scf H 2/bbl Applied to factors below

Unit Operation H 2consumption Units Source/Comments Year Atmospheric Distillation 0 scf/bbl throughput Vacuum Distillation 0 scf/bbl throughput Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 0 scf/bbl throughput Catalytic Hydrocracking Energetics reports 1,120 scf/bbl Distillate 1,000 scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion Gas Oil 1,200 scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion Residual 1,400 scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion Coking Delayed 0 scf/bbl throughput Fluid 0 scf/bbl throughput Hydrotreating Ratios to Naphtha Hydrotreating Hydrogen Requirement Naphtha/Reformer Feed 1.0 scf H 2/ scf H 2 Various sources - see report discussion Naphtha 1.0 scf H 2/ scf H 2 Various sources - see report discussion Reformer Feed 1.0 scf H 2/ scf H 2 Various sources - see report discussion Gasoline 2.25 scf H 2/ scf H 2 Various sources - see report discussion Heavy Gas Oil 4.0 scf H 2/ scf H 2 Various sources - see report discussion Distillate Fuel Oil Kerosene/Jet Fuel 2.5 scf H 2/ scf H 2 Various sources - see report discussion Diesel Fuel 3.0 scf H 2/ scf H 2 Various sources - see report discussion Other Distillate 3.5 scf H 2/ scf H 2 Various sources - see report discussion Residual Fuel Oil/Other Residual Fuel Oil 4.5 scf H 2/ scf H 2 Various sources - see report discussion Other 4.5 scf H 2/ scf H 2 Various sources - see report discussion Catalytic Reforming (1,000) scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion Alkylation 0 scf/bbl throughput Isomerization Isobutane 0 scf/bbl throughput Isopentane/Isohexane 0 scf/bbl throughput Lubricants 0 scf/bbl throughput Lube oil hydrotreating included in "Other" Sulfur 0 scf/bbl throughput Aromatics 0 scf/bbl throughput Asphalt and Road Oil 0 scf/bbl throughput This worksheet provides the hydrogen consumption requirements by unit operation. The catalytic hydrotreating hydrogen consumption values are adjusted to balance the hydrogen system based on a fixed value of total hydrogen production ("H2 Block" wksht).

Hydrogen Consumption (Production) Intensities ADJUSTED Hydrogen Consumption (Production) Intensities

Hydrogen Consumption (Production)

Hydrogen Mass Balance

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls H2 intensities 2008 131Return to Contents Worksheet

Gasoline Diesel Kerosene/ Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends Atmospheric Distillation

Vacuum Distillation Equal to final product slate

Catalytic Cracking 60% of throughput 25% of diesel

produced 5% of kerosene

produced All FCC coke Balance Distillate Hydrocracking 75% 10% 15% Gas Oil Hydrocracking 50% 40% 10% Residual Hydrocracking Balance 40% 10% 51.3 kbbl/day Delayed Coking

Fluid Coking

Naphtha Hydrotreating 95% of throughput 5% of throughput Reformer Feed Hydrotreating* 95% of throughput* 5% of throughput* Gasoline Hydrotreating All Heavy Gas Oil Hydrotreating 1,850 kbbl/day is FCC feed hydrotreating and is distributed as in catalytic cracking; remainder to diesel fraction Kerosene/Jet Fuel Hydrotreating All Diesel Fuel Hydrotreating All Other Distillate Hydrotreating Residual Fuel Oil Hydrotreating All Other Hydrotreating 115 kbbl/day Catalytic Reforming* 95% of throughput* 5% of throughput* Alkylation All Isobutane Isomerization All Isopentane/Isohexane Isomerization All Lubricants All Sulfur All * Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet)

Unit Operation Gasoline Diesel Kerosene-Type Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends Total Atmospheric Distillation 7,045,388 3,564,595 1,452,559 565,737 752,583 1,517,613 679,525 15,578,000 Vacuum Distillation 3,276,705 1,507,466 138,222 627,600 834,877 0 753,830 7,138,700 Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 3,161,400 988,595 80,570 0 238,981 799,455 0 5,269,000 Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 282,186 37,625 56,437 0 0 0 0 376,247 Gas Oil 327,436 261,949 65,487 0 0 0 0 654,873 Residual 19,140 56,352 14,088 0 0 0 51,300 140,880 Coking Delayed 188,784 849,526 94,392 0 547,689 207,445 0 1,887,836

Fluid 16,616 74,774 8,308 0 48,207 18,259 0 166,164 Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 96,189 0 0 0 0 5,063 0 101,251 Reformer Feed* 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Gasoline 1,645,176 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,645,176 Heavy Gas Oil 1,110,476 542,093 28,301 0 83,945 280,817 0 2,045,632 Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0 0 768,560 0 0 0 0 768,560 Diesel Fuel 0 2,360,634 0 0 0 0 0 2,360,634 Other Distillate 463,953 234,735 0 0 0 0 0 698,688 Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0 0 0 261,680 0 0 0 261,680 Other 251,167 127,077 51,783 0 0 0 115,605 545,632 Catalytic Reforming* 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Alkylation 1,052,707 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,052,707 Isomerization Isobutane 177,650 0 0 0 0 0 0 177,650

Isopentane/Isohexane 343,903 0 0 0 0 0 0 343,903 Lubricants 0 0 0 0 0 0 167,775 167,775 Sulfur 0 0 0 0 0 0 22,695 22,695 * Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet)

Unit Operation Gasoline Diesel Kerosene-Type Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends Total Atmospheric Distillation 45% 23% 9% 4% 5% 10% 4% 100% Vacuum Distillation 46% 21% 2% 9% 12% 0% 11% 100% Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 60% 19% 2% 0% 5% 15% 0% 100% Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 75% 10% 15% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% Gas Oil 50% 40% 10% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% Residual 14% 40% 10% 0% 0% 0% 36% 100% Coking Delayed 10% 45% 5% 0% 29% 11% 0% 100%

Fluid 10% 45% 5% 0% 29% 11% 0% 100% Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 95% 0% 0% 0% 0% 5% 0% 100% Reformer Feed* 95% 0% 0% 0% 0% 5% 0% 100% Gasoline 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% Heavy Gas Oil 54% 27% 1% 0% 4% 14% 0% 100% Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% Diesel Fuel 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% Other Distillate 66% 34% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 100% Other 46% 23% 9% 0% 0% 0% 21% 100% Catalytic Reforming* 95% 0% 0% 0% 0% 5% 0% 100% Alkylation 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% Isomerization Isobutane 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Isopentane/Isohexane 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% Lubricants 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 100% Sulfur 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 100% * Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet)

Unit Operation Energy Use Units Year Catalytic Cracker Feed Hydrotreated 1,850,793 bpd O&GJ 2005; @ 90% capacity utilization Catalytic Reformer Energy to Reformate 0% User input - see H2 Block wksht Reformer Feed HT Energy to Reformate 0% User input - see H2 Block wksht

Unit Operation Value Year Atmospheric Distillation 45.2% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wksht 2005 Vacuum Distillation See summary at top of wksht Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 60% % of throughput API 1997 1996 Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 75% % of throughput Significant variability in literature Gas Oil 50% % of throughput Significant variability in literature Residual Balance point Significant variability in literature Coking Delayed 10% % of throughput Gary 2007

Fluid 10% % of throughput Gary 2007 Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 95% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Reformer Feed 95% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Gasoline 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Heavy Gas Oil 60.0% % of catalytic cracking throughput contribution See catalytic hydrocracking info Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Diesel Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other Distillate 0.664 ratio of gasoline to gasoline + diesel production EIA - Input & Production wksht Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other 0.584 ratio of gasoline to gasoline + diesel + kerosene production EIA - Input & Production wksht Catalytic Reforming 95% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Alkylation 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Isomerization Isobutane 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Lubricants 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Sulfur 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Unit Operation Value Year Atmospheric Distillation 22.9% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wksht 2005 Vacuum Distillation See summary at top of wksht Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 25% % of diesel produced Estimated from API 1997 1996 Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 10% % of throughput Significant variability in literature Gas Oil 40% % of throughput Significant variability in literature Residual 40% % of throughput Significant variability in literature Coking Delayed 45% % of throughput Gary 2007

Fluid 45% % of throughput Gary 2007 Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Reformer Feed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Gasoline 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Heavy Gas Oil 18.8% % of catalytic cracking throughput contribution See catalytic hydrocracking info Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Diesel Fuel 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other Distillate 0.336 ratio of diesel to gasoline + diesel production EIA - Input & Production wksht Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other 0.296 ratio of diesel to gasoline + diesel + kerosene production EIA - Input & Production wksht Catalytic Reforming 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Alkylation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Isomerization Isobutane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Lubricants 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Sulfur 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Unit Operation Value Year Atmospheric Distillation 9.32% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wksht 2005 Vacuum Distillation See summary at top of wksht Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 5% % of kerosene produced API 1997 1996 Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 15% % of throughput Significant variability in literature Gas Oil 10% % of throughput Significant variability in literature Residual 10% % of throughput Significant variability in literature Coking Delayed 5% % of throughput Gary 2007

Fluid 5% % of throughput Gary 2007 Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Reformer Feed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Gasoline 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Heavy Gas Oil 1.53% % of catalytic cracking throughput contribution See catalytic hydrocracking info Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Diesel Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other 0.120 ratio of diesel to gasoline + diesel + kerosene production EIA - Input & Production wksht Catalytic Reforming 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Alkylation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Isomerization Isobutane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Lubricants 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Sulfur 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Unit Operation Value Year Atmospheric Distillation 3.63% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wksht 2005 Vacuum Distillation 627,600 bpd total production of residual fuel oil EIA - Input & Production wkst 2005 Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Gas Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Residual 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Coking Delayed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Fluid 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Reformer Feed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Gasoline 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Heavy Gas Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Diesel Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Catalytic Reforming 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Alkylation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Isomerization Isobutane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Lubricants 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Sulfur 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Unit Operation Value Year Atmospheric Distillation 4.83% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wkst 2005 Vacuum Distillation 834,877 bpd coke produced EIA - Input & Production wkst 2005 Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 238,981 bpd catalyst coke produced EIA - Input & Production wkst 2005 Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Gas Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Residual 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Coking 595,896 bpd marketable coke produced EIA - Inputs & Production wksht 2005

Delayed 91.9% % of coke from delayed coking/relative to throughput Estimated/assumed Fluid 8.09% % of coke from fluid coking/relative to throughput Estimated/assumed Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Reformer Feed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Gasoline 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Heavy Gas Oil 4.54% % of catalytic cracking throughput contribution See catalytic hydrocracking info Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Diesel Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Catalytic Reforming 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Alkylation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Isomerization Isobutane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Lubricants 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Sulfur 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Unit Operation Value Year Atmospheric Distillation 10% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wksht 2005 Vacuum Distillation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) Balance point Estimated/assumed Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Gas Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Residual 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Coking Delayed Balance point Estimated/assumed

Fluid Balance point Estimated/assumed Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 5% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Reformer Feed 5% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Gasoline 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Heavy Gas Oil 15.2% % of catalytic cracking throughput contribution See catalytic hydrocracking info Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Diesel Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Catalytic Reforming 5% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Alkylation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Isomerization Isobutane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Lubricants 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Sulfur 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Unit Operation Value Year Atmospheric Distillation 4.36% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wksht 2005 Vacuum Distillation 753,830 bbl/day heavy ends produced EIA - Input & Production wkst 2005 Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) Balance point Estimated/assumed Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Gas Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Residual 51,300 bbl/day of lube oil from hydrocracking at 90% utilization O&GJ 2005 Refining Survey 2005 Coking Delayed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Fluid 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Hydrotreating Naphtha/Reformer Feed Naphtha 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Reformer Feed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Gasoline 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Heavy Gas Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Diesel Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Other 115,605 bpd lubricants polishing throughput at 90% utilization O&GJ 2005 Refining Survey; 90% utiliz 2005 Catalytic Reforming 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Alkylation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Isomerization Isobutane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Lubricants 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Sulfur 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed Relative to final product slate

5% of throughput All non-FCC coke distributed between coker types based on throughput This worksheet provides the allocation basis and values for distributing the emissions amongst the various products. The allocations are done at a unit operation level. The top section describes the allocation for each unit operation with color coding providing general information on the type of source used. The next section reports the volumetric throughput assigned to the products for each unit operation and the final section provides the detailed inputs and sources used in allocations for each unit operation by product category.

Other source with quantitative values (see tables below) Estimated/assumed based on qualitative information 10% of throughput Equal to catalytic cracking throughput contribution for Gasoline, Diesel or Kerosene plus the remainder (after fuel oil, coke, heavy ends and FCC contribution is assigned) ratioed to Gasoline, Diesel and Kerosene relative to respective throughput contribution of coking units. Equal to final product slate

Relative to final product slate
Balance relative to final product slate

Summary of Allocation Methodology and Sources

Units/Use of Parameter Source/Comments Units/Use of Parameter

Units/Use of Parameter

Units/Use of Parameter

Units/Use of Parameter Source/Comments Source/Comments

Basis for "Light Ends" Allocations Units/Use of Parameter

Volumetric Throughput Assigned to Products (bpd)

Unit Operation-Specific Parameters

Basis for Gasoline Allocations Percent of Volumetric Throughput Assigned to Products 45% of throughput

Source/Comments From EIA - see "Input & Production" worksheet Balance

Basis for "Heavy Ends" Allocations Source/Comments

Source/Comments Basis for Diesel Allocations

Basis for Kerosene Allocations

Source/Comments

Basis for Coke Allocations Basis for Residual Fuel Oil Allocations Units/Use of Parameter

Source/Comments

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Allocation 2008 132Return to Contents Worksheet

Fuel Type Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Conventional Gasoline 9.59 kg CO 2/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.00331 kg CH 4/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000216 kg N 2 O/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle Conventional Diesel 7.63 kg CO 2/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.00317 kg CH 4/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000166 kg N 2 O/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 9.61 kg CO 2/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.00327 kg CH 4/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.000217 kg N 2 O/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft Conventional Gasoline 1.96 kg CO 2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000676 kg CH 4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.0000441 kg N 2 O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle Conventional Diesel 1.38 kg CO 2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000575 kg CH 4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.0000302 kg N 2 O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 1.84 kg CO 2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.000625 kg CH 4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.0000415 kg N 2 O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft

Fuel Type Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Conventional Gasoline 4.598 kg CO 2/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.00287 kg CH 4/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000090 kg N 2 O/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle Conventional Diesel 4.582 kg CO 2/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.00286 kg CH 4/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000090 kg N 2 O/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 4.543 kg CO 2/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.00281 kg CH 4/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.000089 kg N 2 O/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft Conventional Gasoline 0.940 kg CO 2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000586 kg CH 4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.0000184 kg N 2 O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle Conventional Diesel 0.831 kg CO 2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000518 kg CH 4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.0000163 kg N 2 O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.869 kg CO 2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.000538 kg CH 4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.0000171 kg N 2 O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft

Transport Type Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Petroleum Product Pipeline 2.29 kg CO 2/bbl product 0.00265 kg CH 4/bbl product 0.0000297 kg N 2 O/bbl product Water Carriers - Diesel 0.466 kg CO 2/bbl product 0.0000340 kg CH 4/bbl product 0.0000120 kg N 2 O/bbl product Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil 1.14 kg CO 2/bbl product 0.0000835 kg CH 4/bbl product 0.0000291 kg N 2 O/bbl product Railroad 0.134 kg CO 2/bbl product 0.0000105 kg CH 4/bbl product 0.00000343 kg N 2 O/bbl product Motor Carriers 0.513 kg CO 2/bbl product 0.00002881 kg CH 4/bbl product 0.0000152 kg N 2 O/bbl product Total Transport Profile 4.543 kg CO2/bbl product 0.00281 kg CH 4/bbl product 0.0000893 kg N 2O/bbl product Petroleum Product Pipeline - Electricity 217 kg CO 2/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 0.251 kg CH 4/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 0.00281 kg N 2 O/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 Water Carriers - Diesel 10,147 g CO 2/gal fuel EIA 2007 0.74 g CH 4/gal fuel EIA 2007 0.26 g N 2 O/gal fuel EIA 2007 Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil 11,793 g CO 2/gal fuel EIA 2007 0.86 g CH 4/gal fuel EIA 2007 0.30 g N 2 O/gal fuel EIA 2007 Railroad - Diesel 10,147 g CO 2/gal fuel EIA 2007 0.80 g CH 4/gal fuel EIA 2007 0.26 g N 2 O/gal fuel EIA 2007 Motor Carriers - Diesel 10,147 g CO 2/gal fuel API 2004 Table 4-9 0.57 g CH 4/gal fuel API 2004 Table 4-9 0.30 g N 2 O/gal fuel API 2004 Table 4-9

Transport Type Value Units Source/Comments Year Water Carriers - Diesel 0.0460 gal fuel/bbl product Water Carriers - Residual Fuel Oil 0.0970 gal fuel/bbl product Railroad 0.0132 gal fuel/bbl product 100% Diesel Motor Carriers 0.0505 gal fuel/bbl product 100% Diesel Water Carriers Diesel Fuel Use 30.5% ORNL 2007 Water Carriers Residual Fuel Oil Use 69.5% ORNL 2007 Diesel Fuel Energy Content 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Residual Fuel Oil Energy Content 6.287 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Transport Type Value Units Source/Comments Year Energy Use (two-way) Petroleum Product Pipeline 10,555 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl of production Water Carriers 20,900 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl of production Railroad 1,828 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl of production Motor Carriers 7,011 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl of production Energy Intensity (one-way) Petroleum Product Pipeline 260 Btu/ton-mile Wa ng 2008, Electricity Water Carriers 514 Btu HHV/ton-mile ORNL 2007, Table 2.16; Diesel/Fuel Oil Railroad 337 Btu HHV/ton-mile ORNL 2007, Table 2.16; Diesel fuel Motor Carriers 822 Btu HHV/ton-mile Diesel fuel Motor Carriers 20,539 Btu HHV/vehicle-mile ORNL 2007, Table 2.16; Diesel fuel Tanker capacity 25 tons Study Assumption

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year Petroleum Product Pipeline 315.9 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004 Water Carriers 158.2 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004 Railroad 21.1 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004 Motor Carriers 33.2 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004 Net Petroleum Products Transported 7,781,225 Mbbl Fuels and petrochemicals excluded 2004 Refinery and Blender Net Production 6,519,753 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004 Petroleum Products Input as Fuel 350,264 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004 Petrochemical Feedstocks 170,055 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004 Natural Gas Liquids Production 662,151 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004 Petroleum Products Imported 1,119,640 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004

Fuel Type Emissions Units Comments Year Emissions Units Comments Year Emissions Units Comments Year Conventional Gasoline 0.0388 kg CO 2/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.0000451 kg CH 4/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle 5.04E-07 kg N 2 O/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle Conventional Diesel 0.0388 kg CO 2/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.0000450 kg CH 4/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle 5.03E-07 kg N 2 O/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.0000 kg CO 2/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.0000000 kg CH 4/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.00E+00 kg N 2 O/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft Conventional Gasoline 0.00794 kg CO 2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.00000922 kg CH 4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 1.03E-07 kg N 2 O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle Conventional Diesel 0.00704 kg CO 2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.00000817 kg CH 4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 9.13E-08 kg N 2 O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.0000 kg CO 2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.0000 kg CH 4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.00E+00 kg N 2 O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year CO 2Emissions 0.0388 kg CO 2/bbl CH 4Emissions 0.0000450 kg CH 4/bbl N 2 O Emissions 0.000000503 kg N 2 O/bbl Power Requirement 0.00125 kW h/gal Estimate for pump and meter operation CO 2Emissions Factor for Electricity 0.739 kg CO2/kW h GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 CH 4Emissions Factor for Electricity 0.000858 kg CH4/kW h GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 N 2 O Emissions Factor for Electricity 0.00000959 kg N2O/kW h GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 N 2O Emissions for Product Transport Including Losses

Fuel Use for Product Transport

Energy Use for Product Transport

2004 Annual Product Transport Data

CO2Emissions for Product Transport Including Losses Methane Emissions for Product Transport Including Losses

GHG Emissions Associated with Gasoline and Diesel Refueling Operations in the U.S. This worksheet calculates GHG emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #4 (product transport and vehicle/aircraft refueling) and incorporates product losses associated with transport, bulk storage and refueling. Key assumptions for domestic transport include that all petroleum products travel the same distance on the same mix of transport modes. Foreign transport distances for Canada and Virgin Islands are determined using port-to-port data from EIA. All other transport is assumed to be 5,000 miles with the return trip allocated 50% to the product of interest. Pipeline transport from the foreign refinery to the foreign port of 10 miles is included.

CO2Emissions for Product Transport Excluding Losses Methane Emissions for Product Transport Excluding Losses N 2O Emissions for Product Transport Excluding Losses N 2O Emissions for Product Transport Including Losses

GHG Emissions Associated with Petroleum Product Transport in the U.S. Life Cycle Stage #4 Summary GHG Emissions Associated with Petroleum Product Transport and Refueling for U.S.-Produced Fuels Life Cycle Stage #4 Summary GHG Emissions Associated with Petroleum Product Transport and Refueling for Imported Fuels CO2Emissions for Product Transport Including Losses Methane Emissions for Product Transport Including Losses

N 2O Emissions for Refueling and Filling Station Operations

Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Dispensing

CO2Emissions for Refueling and Filling Station Operations Methane Emissions for Refueling and Filling Station Operations

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Product Transp Refuel Summary 2008 133

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Parameter Value Units Value Units CO2

### Emissions 75.0 kg CO2

### / MMBtu LHV 76.6 kg CO2

### / MMBtu LHV CH 4

### Emissions 0.00488 kg CH 4

### / MMBtu LHV 0.0000800 kg CH 4

### / MMBtu LHV N 2

### O Emissions 0.00499 kg N 2

### O / MMBtu LHV 0.000175 kg N 2

### O / MMBtu LHV GHG Emissions 76.6 kg CO2 

### E / MMBtu LHV 76.7 kg CO2 

### E / MMBtu LHV CO2

### Emissions (per mile) 0.365 kg CO2

### / mile 0.286 kg CO2

### / mile CH 4

### Emissions (per mile) 2.37E-05 kg CH 4

### / mile 2.99E-07 kg CH 4

### / mile N 2

### O Emissions (per mile) 2.43E-05 kg N 2

### O / mile 6.53E-07 kg N 2

### O / mile GHG Emissions (per mile) 0.373 kg CO2 

### E / mile 0.286 kg CO2 

### E / mile Total fuel use (LHV) 4,866 Btu LHV / mile 3,737 Btu LHV / mile 

## This worksheet provides the emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #6 - Vehicle Operation for gasoline and diesel fuel.

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Passenger Vehicle GHG Emissions - 2005 Fleet



## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Vehicle Operation 2008 134

### Return to Contents Worksheet

Parameter Value Units Sources CO2

### Emissions 77.1 kg CO2

### /MMBtu LHV CH 4

### Emissions 0.000528 kg CH 4

### /MMBtu LHV N 2

### O Emissions 0.00211 kg N 2

### O/MMBtu LHV GHG Emissions 77.7 kg CO2 

### E/MMBtu LHV CO2

### Emissions 3.16 kg CO2

### /kg jet fuel IPCC 2006 CH 4

### Emissions 0.500 kg CH 4

### / TJ LHV IPCC 2006 N 2

### O Emissions 2.000 kg N 2

### O / TJ LHV IPCC 2006 Jet Fuel Density 0.8026 kg/L PQIS Annual Report DESC Jet Fuel Energy Content 43.245 MJ LHV/kg Source/Comments Jet Fuel Use Emissions by Aircraft 

## This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions associated with aircraft operation.

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Aircraft Operation 2008 135Return to Contents Worksheet
Country bpd % of Total Mbbl/yr Source/Comments Year ALGERIA 2,463 0% 899 EIA 2005 ANGOLA 403 0% 147 EIA 2005 ARGENTINA 24,099 2% 8,796 EIA 2005 ARUBA 893 0% 326 EIA 2005 AUSTRALIA 110 0% 40 EIA 2005 BAHAMAS, The 1,449 0% 529 EIA 2005 BELGIUM 29,562 3% 10,790 EIA 2005 BRAZIL 4,570 0% 1,668 EIA 2005 BULGARIA 1,482 0% 541 EIA 2005 CANADA 174,436 16% 63,669 EIA 2005 CHILE 7,882 1% 2,877 EIA 2005 CHINA, PEOPLES REP 2,277 0% 831 EIA 2005 COLOMBIA 1,474 0% 538 EIA 2005 CONGO (BRAZZAVILLE) 348 0% 127 EIA 2005 DENMARK 2,340 0% 854 EIA 2005 ECUADOR 2,699 0% 985 EIA 2005 EGYPT 6,603 1% 2,410 EIA 2005 ESTONIA 25,652 2% 9,363 EIA 2005 FINLAND 14,362 1% 5,242 EIA 2005 FRANCE 39,222 4% 14,316 EIA 2005 GABON 66 0% 24 EIA 2005 GEORGIA 274 0% 100 EIA 2005 GERMANY 28,162 3% 10,279 EIA 2005 GHANA 1,479 0% 540 EIA 2005 INDIA 10,616 1% 3,875 EIA 2005 INDONESIA 296 0% 108 EIA 2005 IRELAND 2,825 0% 1,031 EIA 2005 ITALY 34,285 3% 12,514 EIA 2005 JAPAN 2,482 0% 906 EIA 2005 KOREA, SOUTH 4,899 0% 1,788 EIA 2005 KUWAIT 137 0% 50 EIA 2005 LATVIA 18,803 2% 6,863 EIA 2005 LITHUANIA 19,047 2% 6,952 EIA 2005 MALAYSIA 1,693 0% 618 EIA 2005 MARTINIQUE 699 0% 255 EIA 2005 MEXICO 1,611 0% 588 EIA 2005 NETHERLANDS 115,934 10% 42,316 EIA 2005 NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 5,644 1% 2,060 EIA 2005 NIGERIA 15,367 1% 5,609 EIA 2005 NORWAY 14,718 1% 5,372 EIA 2005 PERU 3,208 0% 1,171 EIA 2005 POLAND 88 0% 32 EIA 2005 PORTUGAL 9,293 1% 3,392 EIA 2005 QATAR 110 0% 40 EIA 2005 ROMANIA 2,896 0% 1,057 EIA 2005 RUSSIA 68,255 6% 24,913 EIA 2005 SAUDI ARABIA 18,460 2% 6,738 EIA 2005 SINGAPORE 2,364 0% 863 EIA 2005 SPAIN 24,364 2% 8,893 EIA 2005 SWEDEN 14,142 1% 5,162 EIA 2005 TAIWAN 3,841 0% 1,402 EIA 2005 THAILAND 189 0% 69 EIA 2005 TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 8,995 1% 3,283 EIA 2005 TURKEY 11,584 1% 4,228 EIA 2005 TURKMENISTAN 542 0% 198 EIA 2005 UNITED KINGDOM 114,118 10% 41,653 EIA 2005 URUGUAY 3,192 0% 1,165 EIA 2005 VENEZUELA 83,745 8% 30,567 EIA 2005 VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 115,967 10% 42,328 EIA 2005 Total Imports 1,106,712 100% 403,950 EIA 2005

Country bpd % of Total Mbbl/yr Source/Comments Year ALGERIA 819 1% 299 EIA 2005 ARUBA 12,729 8% 4,646 EIA 2005 BELGIUM 1,296 1% 473 EIA 2005 CANADA 58,710 37% 21,429 EIA 2005 DENMARK 2,074 1% 757 EIA 2005 ESTONIA 1,186 1% 433 EIA 2005 FRANCE 389 0% 142 EIA 2005 GERMANY 764 0% 279 EIA 2005 INDONESIA 1,868 1% 682 EIA 2005 JAPAN 1,729 1% 631 EIA 2005 KAZAKHSTAN 564 0% 206 EIA 2005 KOREA, SOUTH 4,542 3% 1,658 EIA 2005 KUWAIT 633 0% 231 EIA 2005 LATVIA 1,751 1% 639 EIA 2005 LITHUANIA 370 0% 135 EIA 2005 NETHERLANDS 8,279 5% 3,022 EIA 2005 NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 318 0% 116 EIA 2005 NORWAY 712 0% 260 EIA 2005 PHILIPPINES 110 0% 40 EIA 2005 RUSSIA 99 0% 36 EIA 2005 SINGAPORE 2,044 1% 746 EIA 2005 SWEDEN 1,197 1% 437 EIA 2005 TAIWAN 1,449 1% 529 EIA 2005 UNITED KINGDOM 814 1% 297 EIA 2005 VENEZUELA 3,734 2% 1,363 EIA 2005 VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 48,984 31% 17,879 EIA 2005 Total Imports 157,164 100% 56,581 EIA 2005

Country bpd % of Total Mbbl/yr Source/Comments Year ALGERIA 1,458 1% 532 EIA 2005 ARGENTINA 490 0% 179 EIA 2005 ARUBA 8,140 4% 2,971 EIA 2005 BELGIUM 786 0% 287 EIA 2005 CANADA 11,408 6% 4,164 EIA 2005 CHINA, PEOPLES REP 282 0% 103 EIA 2005 COLOMBIA 1,181 1% 431 EIA 2005 FRANCE 2,329 1% 850 EIA 2005 INDIA 4,236 2% 1,546 EIA 2005 IRAQ 1,962 1% 716 EIA 2005 JAPAN 3,345 2% 1,221 EIA 2005 KOREA, SOUTH 41,641 22% 15,199 EIA 2005 KUWAIT 7,173 4% 2,618 EIA 2005 MALAYSIA 548 0% 200 EIA 2005 MEXICO 5,178 3% 1,890 EIA 2005 NETHERLANDS 1,570 1% 573 EIA 2005 NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 449 0% 164 EIA 2005 QATAR 68 0% 25 EIA 2005 RUSSIA 890 0% 325 EIA 2005 SAUDI ARABIA 8,074 4% 2,947 EIA 2005 SINGAPORE 12,745 7% 4,652 EIA 2005 TAIWAN 11,701 6% 4,271 EIA 2005 TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 2,521 1% 920 EIA 2005 UNITED KINGDOM 288 0% 105 EIA 2005 VENEZUELA 29,847 16% 10,894 EIA 2005 VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 31,740 17% 11,585 EIA 2005 Total Imports 190,049 100% 69,368 EIA 2005

Product Type Quantity Units Source/Comments Year Gasoline 72,799 Mbbl/yr 2005 Oxygenates 15,181 Mbbl/yr EIA 2005 Motor Gasoline Blending Componenets 8,145 Mbbl/yr EIA 2005 Finished Motor Gasoline 49,473 Mbbl/yr EIA 2005 Diesel Greater than 15 to 500 ppm Sulfur 14,344 Mbbl/yr EIA 2005 Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel 19,203 Mbbl/yr EIA 2005 Exports Conventional Gasoline Finished Products and Blending Components Imports This worksheet provides the volumes of motor gasoline, highway diesel and kerosene-based jet fuel imported to the U.S. in 2005. Exported product is shown at the bottom as well.

Conventional Diesel (≤500 ppm Sulfur) Imports

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel Imports

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Product Imports 2008 136Return to Contents Worksheet

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year Crude Oil Loss Factor 1.00286 ENI Fact Book Crude Oil Losses 0.285% ENI Fact Book Transport Losses 0.20 MMtonnes/yr ENI Fact Book Available for Refining 70.1 MMtonnes/yr ENI Fact Book

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year Value Units Source/Comments Year Value Units Source/Comments Year Delivery Requirements to Accommodate Losses from Loading at Foreign Refineries to Refueling 1.0047 1.0000125 1.000058
Delivery Requirements to Accommodate Losses from Transport from Foreign Refineries to Refueling 1.0044 1.0000118 1.000057

Delivery Requirements to Accommodate Losses from Bulk Storage to Refueling 1.0037 Losses from bulk storage incurred prior to
motor carrier transport 1.0000110 Losses from bulk storage incurred prior to motor carrier transport 1.000056 Losses from bulk storage incurred prior to motor carrier transport Delivery Requirements to Accommodate Losses from Transport to Refueling 1.0025 1.0000085 1.000043 Delivery Requirements to Accommodate Losses from Filling Station and Refueling 1.0016 1.0000067 1.000034 Delivery Requirements to Accommodate Losses from Refueling 1.0003 1.0000041 1.000021
Delivery Requirements to the U.S. to Accommodate Losses from Foreign Transport 1.0010 1.0000 1.0000
Loading Operation Losses (percent) 0.0293% 0.0000711% 0.0000755% Loading Operation Losses (volumetric) 1.8 lb/10 3gallon EPA AP-42, Tables 5.2-2 and 5.2-6 0.005 lb/10 3gallon EPA AP-42, Tables 5.2-2 and 5.2-6 0.005 lb/10 3gallon EPA AP-42, Tables 5.2-2 and 5.2-6 Weighted Average Foreign Transport Loss 0.0726% 0.0000711% 0.000128% Canada 0.0290% 0.0000352% 0.0000374% Virgin Islands 0.0327% 0.0000501% 0.0000533% All Other 0.0878% 0.000142% 0.000151% Waterborne Import Volumes 1,106,712 bpd 157,164 bpd 190,049 bpd Canada W aterborne 170,849 bpd Analysis of EIA port-to-port data 48,088 bpd Analysis of EIA port-to-port data 9,344 bpd Same ratio as diesel Virgin Islands 115,967 bpd EIA 48,984 bpd EIA 31,740 bpd EIA All Other 816,310 bpd EIA 49,471 bpd EIA 146,901 bpd EIA Weighted Average Transit Time Canada 0.66 weeks Analysis of EIA port-to-port data 0.49 Analysis of EIA port-to-port data 0.49 Set equal to diesel Virgin Islands 0.74 weeks Analysis of EIA port-to-port data 0.71 Analysis of EIA port-to-port data 0.71 Set equal to diesel All Other 2.0 weeks Study Assumption 2.0 Study Assumption 2.0 Study Assumption Marine Transit Losses 2.7 lb/week-10 3gallon EPA AP-42, Tables 5.2-6 0.005 lb/week-10 3gallon EPA AP-42, Tables 5.2-6 0.005 lb/week-10 3gallon EPA AP-42, Tables 5.2-6 Bulk Terminal Losses (percent) 0.116% 0.00025% 0.0013% Bulk Terminal Loss Rate (volumetric) 0.00116 bbl/bbl 0.0000025 bbl/bbl 0.000013 bbl/bbl Bulk Terminal Loss Rate (energentic) 24.6 g/GJ Lewis 1997 0.0551 g/GJ Lewis 1997 0.271 g/GJ Lewis 1997 Transport Losses (percent) 0.0851% 0.00019% 0.00094% Transport Losses (volumetric) 0.000851 bbl/bbl 0.0000019 bbl/bbl 0.0000094 bbl/bbl Transport Losses (energetic) 18 g/GJ Lewis 1997 0.0405 g/GJ Lewis 1997 0.199 g/GJ Lewis 1997 Filling Station Losses (percent) 0.135% 0.00025% 0.0013% Filling Station Losses (volumetric) 0.001349 bbl/bbl 0.0000025 bbl/bbl 0.0000129 bbl/bbl Filling Station Losses (mass) 8.3 lb/kgal EPA AP-42, Table 5.2-7; submerged filling Filling Station Losses (energetic) 0.0551 g/GJ Lewis 1997 0.271 g/GJ Lewis 1997 Refueling Losses (percent) 0.0293% 0.00041% 0.00210% Refueling Losses (volumetric) 0.000293 bbl/bbl 0.0000041 bbl/bbl 0.0000210 bbl/bbl Refueling Losses (mass) 1.8 lb/kgal EPA AP-42, Table 5.2-7; controlled Refueling Losses (energetic) 0.0903 g/GJ Lewis 1997 0.443 g/GJ Lewis 1997 Energy Content 5.25 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

- 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

- 5.670 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

- Mean Density 117,233 g/bbl EPA 2007c 134,048 g/bbl EPA 2007c 126,103 g/bbl EPA 2007c This worksheet documents and develops the loss factors associated with crude oil transport and petroleum product transport for each gasoline, diesel and jet fuel. The crude oil factor is all-encompassing while the product factor is a build up of refueling losses, filling station losses, domestic transport losses, bulk storage losses, and foreign waterborne transport and ship loading losses. The losses are applied to all activities occuring prior to the loss to account for additional activity (i.e. crude oil extraction, refining) that must occur to deliver a barrel of product to the vehicle/aircraft.

Gasoline Loss Calculations Diesel Loss Calculation Kerosene Loss Calculations

Product Loss Associated with Petroleum Product Transport, Operation of Bulk Terminals, Filling Stations and Refueling Crude Oil Loss Factor

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Loss Factors 2008 137Return to Contents Worksheet

Green House Gas Value Units Source/Commen ts Year CO2Emissions 0.739 kg CO2/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 CH 4Emissions 0.000858 kg CH 4/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 N 2O Emissions 0.00000959 kg N 2O/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 CO2Emissions 217 kg CO2/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 CH 4Emissions 0.251 kg CH 4/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 N 2O Emissions 0.00281 kg N 2O/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

Green House Gas Value Units Year Steam from 70% natural gas and 30% heavy fuel oil with 89% efficiency CO2Emissions 92.7 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007 CH 4Emissions 0.132 kg CH 4/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007 N 2O Emissions 0.00104 kg N 2O/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007

Parameter Value Units Year CO2Emissions 0.398 kg CO2/kg NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4 CH 4Emissions 0.005 kg CH 4/kg NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4 N 2O Emissions 0.000 kg N 2O/kg NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4 GHG Emissions 0.516 kg CO2 E/kg NG CO2Emissions 7,577 kg CO2/MMscf NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4 CH 4Emissions 88.6 kg CH 4/MMscf NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4 N 2O Emissions 0.165 kg N 2O/MMscf NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4 GHG Emissions 9,840 kg CO2 E/MMscf NG NG 1/Density 23.8 scf/lb API 2004

Select GWP Factor Option Here-> IPCC 2007 IPCC 2007 IPCC 2001 User Defined CO2 GWP Factor 1 1 1 1 Methane GWP Factor 25 25 23 86 N 2O GWP Factor 298 298 296 280

Product Type Value Units Year Energy Content Conventional Gasoline 4.892 MMBtu LHV/bbl EPA MOVES Conventional Diesel 5.512 MMBtu LHV/bbl EPA MOVES Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 5.230 MMBtu LHV/bbl PQIS Annual Report DESC 2005 Conventional Gasoline 44.0 MJ LHV/kg EPA MOVES Conventional Diesel 43.2 MJ LHV/kg EPA MOVES Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 43.245 MJ LHV/kg 2005 Density Conventional Gasoline 2.793 kg/gal EPA MOVES Conventional Diesel 3.205 kg/gal EPA MOVES Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.803 kg/L PQIS Annual Report DESC 2005

Gasoline & Aviation Gasoline 5.253 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Distillate 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel & Kerosene 5.670 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Residual Fuel Oil 6.287 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Coke Production 6.024 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Light Ends (Still Gas, LRG, Special Naphtha, Petchem Feed) 5.133 MMBtu HHV/bbl Heavy/Other (Asphalt & Road Oil, Lubricants, Waxes, Misc) 6.420 MMBtu HHV/bbl

Product Type Value Units Year Still Gas 6.000 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Liquefied Refinery Gas 3.836 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA - Energy content for propane Special Naphthas 5.248 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Naphtha for Petrochemical Use 5.248 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Other Oils for Petrochemical Use 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Still Gas 683,600 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Liquefied Refinery Gas 572,682 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Special Naphthas 38,381 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Naphtha for Petrochemical Use 214,482 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Other Oils for Petrochemical Use 174,416 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Product Type Energy Content Units Year Asphalt & Road Oils 6.636 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Lubricants 6.065 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Waxes 5.537 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Miscellaneous 5.796 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A Asphalt & Road Oils 511,605 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Lubricants 167,775 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Waxes 15,912 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Miscellaneous 58,537 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005 Source/Comments Source/Comments

Weighted average of below Steam Production - Full GHG Profile

Energy Content of Refinery Product Categories - not equivalent to prior table

Weighted average of below

Source/Comments Electricity - Full GHG Profile 

### This worksheet provides the GHG emissions profiles for natural gas (upstream only), electricity and steam generation, the GWP factors for carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, and the energy contents of refinery products for use throughout the life cycle stages.

Properties of Conventional Gasoline, Conventional Diesel and Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

"Heavy Ends" Energy Content "Light Ends" Energy Content Natural Gas - Upstream GHG Emissions

Global Warming Potential Factors Source/Comments

Source/Comments

Source/Comments



### EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls Misc Factors 2008 138Return to Contents Worksheet This worksheet provides the sensitivity analysis factors, base values, ranges, results and variance from the base WTW and WTT values.
PROPRIE
EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls SA Sum mary 2008 139

### Return to Contents Worksheet



## This worksheet is where inputs are made for the sensitivity analy sis. All values should be returned to the pink value.
PROPRIE


## EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls SA Inputs 2008 140Return to Contents Worksheet

Low Difference High Low Description High

Description

Base Value 19.63 Catalytic Reformer Allocation 19.63 1.73 21.36 Product Transport Loss Factors 19.59 0.11 19.71 Total Products Transported Domestically 19.63 0.24 19.87 Product Vessel Transport Distance 19.60 0.08 19.68 Product Vessel Energy Intensity 19.60 0.05 19.64 Refining Profile for Imported Products 19.20 0.81 20.00 75% 130% Gas Oil Hydrocracking Contribution to Products 19.45 0.36 19.81 30% gasoline 70% gasoline Catalytic Cracking Contribution to Products 19.39 0.49 19.87 56% gasoline 64% gasoline Hydrotreating Energy Consumption 19.60 0.03 19.63 Adjusted Base Catalytic Reformer Energy Consumption 19.65 0.10 19.76 223 283 Delayed Coker Energy Consumption 19.58 0.12 19.69 175 115 Vacuum Distillation Energy Consumption 19.62 0.02 19.65 115 50 Vacuum Distillation Capacity Utilization 19.59 0.08 19.67 90% 80% Hydrotreating Capacity Utilization 19.60 0.03 19.63 85% Base Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption 19.61 0.08 19.69 80% 150% Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen Production 19.62 0.38 20.01 1,200 800 Flaring/Venting/Fugitive at Refinery 19.62 0.15 19.77 venting 25% flaring 300% Hydrogen Plant Capacity Utilization 19.60 0.07 19.66 80% 90% Off-Site Hydrogen Production 19.58 0.13 19.71 80% 125% Hydrogen Plant Feed Input 19.67 0.03 19.69 325 375 Electricity Profile for Refineries 19.53 0.25 19.78 90% 115% Still Gas Emissions Factors 19.53 0.24 19.77 lpg pentanes Crude Oil Loss Factor 19.62 0.04 19.66 Crude Oil Foreign Pipeline Transport 19.46 0.43 19.89 Crude Oil W aterborne Transport Distances 19.57 0.15 19.72 Crude Oil Carrier Energy Intensity 19.50 0.32 19.82 Venezuelan Profile 19.63 0.41 20.04 Canadian Oil Sands Profile 19.45 0.37 19.82 Foreign Average Crude Oil Delivered Profiles 19.61 0.06 19.67 Foreign Average Crude Oil Extraction Profiles 19.33 0.48 19.81 Crude Oil Extraction Profile Adjustment 18.95 1.02 19.98

Base Value 18.39 Catalytic Reformer Allocation 16.21 2.17 18.39 Product Transport Loss Factors 18.39 0.00 18.39 Total Products Transported Domestically 18.39 0.22 18.60 Product Vessel Transport Distance 18.38 0.02 18.40 Product Vessel Energy Intensity 18.38 0.01 18.39 Refining Profile for Imported Products 18.21 0.32 18.53 75% 130% Gas Oil Hydrocracking Contribution to Products 18.07 0.64 18.70 70% gasoline 30% gasoline Catalytic Cracking Contribution to Products 18.01 0.75 18.76 64% gasoline 56% gasoline Hydrotreating Energy Consumption 18.39 0.11 18.49 Base Adjusted Catalytic Reformer Energy Consumption 18.27 0.05 18.32 283 223 Delayed Coker Energy Consumption 18.31 0.14 18.45 115 175 Vacuum Distillation Energy Consumption 18.35 0.10 18.45 115 50 Vacuum Distillation Capacity Utilization 18.29 0.20 18.48 80% 90% Hydrotreating Capacity Utilization 18.39 0.12 18.50 Base 0.85 Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption 18.30 0.11 18.42 150% 80% Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen Production 17.91 0.49 18.40 800 1200 Flaring/Venting/Fugitive at Refinery 18.38 0.14 18.52 venting 25% flaring 300% Hydrogen Plant Capacity Utilization 18.32 0.12 18.45 80% 90% Off-Site Hydrogen Production 18.29 0.21 18.50 80% 125% Hydrogen Plant Feed Input 18.14 0.33 18.48 325 375 Electricity Profile for Refineries 18.29 0.23 18.52 90% 115% Still Gas Emissions Factors 18.30 0.22 18.51 lpg pentanes Crude Oil Loss Factor 18.37 0.04 18.41 Crude Oil Foreign Pipeline Transport 18.23 0.40 18.63 Crude Oil W aterborne Transport Distances 18.33 0.14 18.47 Crude Oil Carrier Energy Intensity 18.26 0.31 18.57 Venezuelan Profile 18.39 0.36 18.75 Canadian Oil Sands Profile 18.21 0.35 18.56 Foreign Average Crude Oil Delivered Profiles 18.37 0.03 18.40 Foreign Average Crude Oil Extraction Profiles 18.10 0.46 18.56 Crude Oil Extraction Profile Adjustment 17.74 0.97 18.71

Base Value 15.14 Catalytic Reformer Allocation 13.80 1.34 15.14 Product Transport Loss Factors 15.14 0.00 15.14 Total Products Transported Domestically 15.14 0.23 15.37 Product Vessel Transport Distance 15.11 0.07 15.18 Product Vessel Energy Intensity 15.11 0.04 15.15 Refining Profile for Imported Products 14.90 0.44 15.34 75% 130% Gas Oil Hydrocracking Contribution to Products 15.14 0.00 15.14 70% gasoline 30% gasoline Catalytic Cracking Contribution to Products 15.00 0.28 15.28 64% gasoline 56% gasoline Hydrotreating Energy Consumption 14.93 0.21 15.14 Adjusted Base Catalytic Reformer Energy Consumption 15.06 0.04 15.10 283 223 Delayed Coker Energy Consumption 15.14 0.01 15.15 175 115 Vacuum Distillation Energy Consumption 15.04 0.28 15.31 115 50 Vacuum Distillation Capacity Utilization 15.13 0.02 15.15 80% 90% Hydrotreating Capacity Utilization 15.13 0.01 15.14 85% Base Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption 15.11 0.11 15.22 150% 80% Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen Production 14.87 0.26 15.13 800 1200 Flaring/Venting/Fugitive at Refinery 15.13 0.09 15.22 venting 25% flaring 300% Hydrogen Plant Capacity Utilization 15.11 0.07 15.17 80% 90% Off-Site Hydrogen Production 15.09 0.11 15.20 80% 125% Hydrogen Plant Feed Input 14.99 0.21 15.20 325 375 Electricity Profile for Refineries 15.08 0.15 15.23 90% 115% Still Gas Emissions Factors 15.08 0.14 15.22 lpg pentanes Crude Oil Loss Factor 15.13 0.04 15.16 Crude Oil Foreign Pipeline Transport 14.98 0.41 15.39 Crude Oil W aterborne Transport Distances 15.08 0.14 15.22 Crude Oil Carrier Energy Intensity 15.01 0.31 15.32 Venezuelan Profile 15.14 0.42 15.56 Canadian Oil Sands Profile 14.98 0.31 15.30 Foreign Average Crude Oil Delivered Profiles 15.09 0.13 15.22 Foreign Average Crude Oil Extraction Profiles 14.86 0.44 15.31 Crude Oil Extraction Profile Adjustment 14.52 0.97 15.49 Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel Data used for sensitifity analysis charts.

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls SA Chart Data 2008 141Return to Contents Worksheet Sensitivity analysis result charts

16

. 5 17

. 5 18

. 5 19

. 5 20

. 5 Venezuelan Profile Canadian Oil Sands Profile Foreign Average Crude Oil Delivered Profiles Foreign Average Crude Oil Extraction Profiles Crude Oil Extraction Profile Adjustment

Well
- to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2 E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Diesel Fuel Consumed in the U.S. in 2005 Baseline Value 58% of study value (equal to U.S.) 125% of study value (65% of Angola)
151 % of study value (equal to China) 67 % of study value (equal to Sweden) Baseline adjustment in line with U.S. profile Reduced flaring/

venting

25% synthetic/ blended bitumen 75% of study value 125% of study value

13

. 5 14

.5 15

. 5 16

. 5 17

.5 Venezuelan Profile Canadian Oil Sands Profile Foreign Average Crude Oil Delivered Profiles Foreign Average Crude Oil Extraction Profiles Crude Oil Extraction Profile Adjustment

Well
- to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2 E per MMBtu LHV of Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel Consumed in the U.S. in 2005 Baseline Value 58 % of study value (equal to U.S.) 125% of study value ( 65% of Angola)

151 % of study value (equal to China) 67 % of study value (equal to Sweden) Baseline adjustment in line with U.S. profile Reduced flaring/

venting

25% synthetic/ blended bitumen 75% of study value 125% of study value 18 19 20 21 22 Venezuelan Profile Canadian Oil Sands Profile Foreign Average Crude Oil Delivered Profiles Foreign Average Crude Oil Extraction Profiles Crude Oil Extraction Profile Adjustment

Well
- to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2 E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Gasoline Consumed in the U.S. in 2005

58 % of study value (equal to U.S.) 125% of study value ( 65% of Angola)

151 % of study value (equal to China) 67% of study value (equal

to Sweden) Baseline adjustment in line with U.S.

profile Reduced flaring/

venting

25% synthetic/ blended bitumen 75% of study value 125% of study value Baseline Value

16

. 5 17

. 5 18

. 5 19

. 5 20

.5 Crude Oil Loss Factor Crude Oil Foreign Pipeline Transport Crude Oil Waterborne Transport Distances

Crude Oil Carrier Energy Intensity

Well
- to - Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2 E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Diesel Fuel Consumed in the U.S. in 2005 Baseline Value 90 % of study value 115% of study value

200 miles; 120 % of U.S. electricity profile 50 miles; 80% of U.S. electricity

profile 7

. 25 Btu / bbl
-mile 4

. 25 Btu / bbl
-mile

50 % of study value 200% of study value

13

. 5 14

. 5 15

. 5 16

. 5 17

. 5 Crude Oil Loss Factor Crude Oil Foreign Pipeline Transport Crude Oil Waterborne Transport Distances

Crude Oil Carrier Energy Intensity

Well
- to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2 E per MMBtu LHV of Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel Consumed in the U.S. in 2005 Baseline Value 90 % of study value 115% of study value

200 miles; 120% of U.S. electricity profile 50 miles; 80% of U.S. electricity

profile 7

. 25 Btu / bbl
-mile 4

. 25 Btu / bbl
-mile

50 % of study value 200% of study value 18 19 20 21 22 Crude Oil Loss Factor Crude Oil Foreign Pipeline Transport Crude Oil Waterborne Transport Distances

Crude Oil Carrier Energy Intensity

Well
-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2 E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Gasoline Consumed in the U.S. in 2005 90 % of study value 115% of study value

200 miles; 120 % of U.S. electricity profile 50 miles; 80 % of U.S. electricity

profile 7

. 25 Btu / bbl
-mile 4

. 25 Btu / bbl
-mile

50% of study value 200 % of study value Baseline Value

18 19 20 21 22 Refining Profile for Imported

Products Gas Oil Hydrocracking Contribution to Products Catalytic Cracking Contribution to Products Hydrotreating Energy Consumption Catalytic Reformer Energy Consumption Delayed Coker Energy Consumption Vacuum Distillation Energy Consumption Vacuum Distillation Capacity

Utilization Hydrotreating Capacity Utilization Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen

Production Flaring/Venting/Fugitive at

Refinery Hydrogen Plant Capacity Utilization Off
-Site Hydrogen Production Hydrogen Plant Feed Input Electricity Profile for Refineries Still Gas Emissions Factors

Well
-to -Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2 E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Gasoline Consumed in the U.S. in 2005 Equal to pentanes plus

Equal to LPG

Baseline Value 375 Btu HHV/ scf hydrogen 325 Btu HHV/ scf hydrogen

125% of study value 80 % of study value

90% capacity utilization 80 % capacity utilization

300 % of study flaring value 25% of study venting/ fugitive value

800 scf hydrogen/ bbl throughput 1 , 200 scf hydrogen/ bbl

throughput

150% of study value 80 % of study value

85% capacity utilization

50 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput 115 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput

115 MBtu HHV/ bbl

throughput 175 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput

283 MBtu HHV/ bbl

throughput 223 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput 90 % capacity utilization 80 % capacity utilization

Adjusted by subcategories

64%/15%/1 % gasoline/diesel/jet fuel 56%/22 %/2 % gasoline/diesel/jet fuel

70 %/20 % gasoline/diesel 30%/60 % gasoline/diesel Same for subcategories (study assumption) 80% capacity utilization (study value)

130 % of study value 65% of study value 115% of study value 90 % of study value

16

. 5 17

. 5 18

. 5 19

. 5 20

. 5 Refining Profile for Imported Products Gas Oil Hydrocracking Contribution to Products Catalytic Cracking Contribution to Products Hydrotreating Energy Consumption Catalytic Reformer Energy Consumption Delayed Coker Energy Consumption Vacuum Distillation Energy Consumption Vacuum Distillation Capacity Utilization Hydrotreating Capacity Utilization Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen Production Flaring/Venting/Fugitive at Refinery Hydrogen Plant Capacity Utilization Off
-Site Hydrogen Production Hydrogen Plant Feed Input Electricity Profile for Refineries Still Gas Emissions Factors

Well
-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2 E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Diesel Fuel Consumed in the U.S. in 2005 Baseline Value Equal to pentanes plus Equal to LPG

375 Btu HHV/ scf hydrogen 325 Btu HHV/ scf hydrogen

125% of study value 80 % of study value

90 % capacity utilization 80 % capacity utilization

300 % of study flaring value 25% of study venting/ fugitive value

800 scf hydrogen/ bbl

throughput 1 , 200 scf hydrogen/ bbl throughput

150 % of study value 80 % of study value

85% capacity utilization

50 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput 115 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput

175 MBtu HHV/ bbl

throughput 115 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput

223 MBtu HHV/ bbl

throughput 283 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput 90 % capacity utilization 80 % capacity utilization

Adjusted by subcategories

64%/15%/1 % gasoline/diesel/jet fuel 56%/22%/2 % gasoline/diesel/jet fuel

70 %/20 % gasoline/diesel 30 %/60 % gasoline/diesel Same for subcategories (study assumption) 80% capacity utilization

(study value)

130% of study value 65% of study value 115% of study value 90 % of study value

13

.5 14

. 5 15

. 5 16

. 5 17

.5 Refining Profile for Imported Products Gas Oil Hydrocracking Contribution to Products Catalytic Cracking Contribution to Products Hydrotreating Energy Consumption Catalytic Reformer Energy Consumption Delayed Coker Energy Consumption Vacuum Distillation Energy Consumption Vacuum Distillation Capacity Utilization Hydrotreating Capacity Utilization Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen Production Flaring/Venting/Fugitive at Refinery Hydrogen Plant Capacity Utilization Off
-Site Hydrogen Production Hydrogen Plant Feed Input Electricity Profile for Refineries Still Gas Emissions Factors

Well
-to -Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2 E per MMBtu LHV of Kerosene
- Based Jet Fuel Consumed in the U.S. in 2005 Baseline Value Equal to pentanes plus Equal to LPG

375 Btu HHV/ scf hydrogen 325 Btu HHV/ scf hydrogen

125% of study value 80% of study value

90 % capacity utilization 80% capacity utilization

300 % of study flaring

value 25% of study venting/ fugitive value

800 scf hydrogen/ bbl

throughput 1 , 200 scf hydrogen/ bbl throughput

150 % of study value 80% of study value

85% capacity utilization

50 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput 115 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput

175 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput 115 MBtu HHV/ bbl

throughput

223 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput 283 MBtu HHV/ bbl throughput 90 % capacity

utilization 80 % capacity utilization

Adjusted by subcategories

64%/15%/1 % gasoline/diesel/jet fuel 56%/22 %/2% gasoline/diesel/jet fuel

No change to jet fuel Same for subcategories (study assumption) 80 % capacity utilization (study value)

130% of study value 65% of study value 115% of study value 90 % of study value 16

. 5 17

. 5 18

. 5 19

.5 20

. 5 Product Transport Loss Factors Total Products Transported Domestically Product Vessel Transport Distance Product Vessel Energy Intensity

Well
-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2 E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Diesel Fuel Consumed in the U.S. in 2005 Baseline Value 75% of study value 140 % of study value

80 % of study value 10

. 9 Btu / bbl
mile 7

. 4 Btu / bbl
mile

50 % of study value 200 % of study value

13

. 5 14

. 5 15

. 5 16

. 5 17

. 5 Product Transport Loss Factors Total Products Transported Domestically Product Vessel Transport Distance Product Vessel Energy Intensity

Well
- to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2 E per MMBtu LHV of Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel Consumed in the U.S. in 2005 Baseline Value 75% of study value 140 % of study value

80 % of study value 10

. 9 Btu / bbl
mile 7

. 4 Btu / bbl
mile

50 % of study value 200 % of study value 18 19 20 21 22 Product Transport Loss Factors Total Products Transported Domestically Product Vessel Transport Distance Product Vessel Energy Intensity

Well
- to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2 E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Gasoline Consumed in the U.S. in 2005 75% of study value 140 % of study value

80% of study value 10

. 9 Btu / bbl
mile 7

. 4 Btu / bbl
mile

50 % of study value 200 % of study value Baseline Value

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls SA Charts 2008 142Return to Contents Worksheet

LC #1 LC #2 LC #3 LC #4 LC #5 WTW WTT LC #1 LC #2 LC #3 LC #4 LC #5 WTW WTT Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.28 19.63 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.878 76.65 95.04 18.39 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.849 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Baseline Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.28 19.63 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.878 76.65 95.04 18.39 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.849 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
Dummy Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.28 19.63 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.04 18.39 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
U.S. Adjustment Gasoline 7.65 1.43 9.80 1.09 76.65 96.62 19.98 7.88 1.54 9.80 0.96 76.65 96.83 20.18 Diesel 6.94 1.32 9.57 0.88 76.65 95.36 18.71 6.97 1.36 9.57 0.85 76.65 95.40 18.75 Jet Fuel 7.09 1.35 6.05 1.00 77.74 93.22 15.49 7.35 1.43 6.05 0.89 77.74 93.45 15.71
Flaring Reduction Gasoline 6.68 1.44 9.74 1.09 76.65 95.60 18.95 6.83 1.54 9.74 0.96 76.65 95.72 19.07 Diesel 6.03 1.32 9.51 0.88 76.65 94.40 17.74 6.04 1.36 9.51 0.85 76.65 94.42 17.76 Jet Fuel 6.16 1.35 6.01 1.00 77.74 92.25 14.52 6.37 1.43 6.01 0.89 77.74 92.44 14.70
FA, US Gasoline 7.04 1.44 9.76 1.09 76.65 95.98 19.33 7.21 1.54 9.76 0.96 76.65 96.12 19.47 Diesel 6.37 1.32 9.53 0.88 76.65 94.75 18.10 6.38 1.36 9.53 0.85 76.65 94.77 18.12 Jet Fuel 6.49 1.35 6.02 1.00 77.74 92.60 14.86 6.72 1.43 6.02 0.89 77.74 92.80 15.07
FA, .75 of Angola Gasoline 7.49 1.44 9.79 1.09 76.65 96.46 19.81 7.73 1.54 9.79 0.96 76.65 96.66 20.02 Diesel 6.80 1.32 9.56 0.88 76.65 95.21 18.56 6.83 1.36 9.56 0.85 76.65 95.25 18.60 Jet Fuel 6.92 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 93.04 15.31 7.20 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.30 15.56
FA, Sweden Gasoline 7.30 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.25 19.61 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81 Diesel 6.63 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.03 18.37 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.72 1.34 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.83 15.09 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
FA, China Gasoline 7.35 1.45 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.32 19.67 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81 Diesel 6.65 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.06 18.40 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.82 1.36 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.95 15.22 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
Canadian Oil Sands, 75% Gasoline 7.15 1.44 9.77 1.09 76.65 96.09 19.45 7.36 1.54 9.77 0.96 76.65 96.27 19.63 Diesel 6.47 1.32 9.54 0.88 76.65 94.86 18.21 6.51 1.36 9.54 0.85 76.65 94.91 18.26 Jet Fuel 6.61 1.35 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.72 14.98 6.86 1.43 6.03 0.89 77.74 92.95 15.21
Canadian Oil Sands, 125% Gasoline 7.49 1.44 9.79 1.09 76.65 96.46 19.82 7.71 1.54 9.79 0.96 76.65 96.65 20.00 Diesel 6.80 1.32 9.56 0.88 76.65 95.21 18.56 6.82 1.36 9.56 0.85 76.65 95.24 18.59 Jet Fuel 6.91 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 93.03 15.30 7.19 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.28 15.55
Venezuelan, 25% Oil Sands Gasoline 7.71 1.43 9.80 1.09 76.65 96.69 20.04 7.89 1.54 9.80 0.96 76.65 96.84 20.19 Diesel 6.98 1.32 9.57 0.88 76.65 95.40 18.75 6.98 1.36 9.57 0.85 76.65 95.41 18.76 Jet Fuel 7.17 1.35 6.05 1.00 77.74 93.30 15.56 7.35 1.43 6.05 0.89 77.74 93.46 15.72
Crude Oil Carrier Intensity, 4.25 Gasoline 7.32 1.31 9.77 1.09 76.65 96.15 19.50 7.53 1.40 9.77 0.96 76.65 96.31 19.66 Diesel 6.64 1.20 9.54 0.88 76.65 94.91 18.26 6.66 1.24 9.54 0.85 76.65 94.94 18.29 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.22 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.75 15.01 7.02 1.30 6.03 0.89 77.74 92.98 15.24
Crude Oil Carrier Intensity, 7.25 Gasoline 7.31 1.62 9.79 1.09 76.65 96.47 19.82 7.53 1.73 9.79 0.96 76.65 96.67 20.02 Diesel 6.64 1.49 9.56 0.88 76.65 95.22 18.57 6.66 1.53 9.56 0.85 76.65 95.26 18.61 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.52 6.04 1.00 77.74 93.06 15.32 7.02 1.62 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.30 15.57

Crude Oil Distances 90% Gasoline 7.32 1.38 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.22 19.57 7.53 1.48 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.39 19.75 Diesel 6.64 1.27 9.55 0.88 76.65 94.98 18.33 6.66 1.31 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.02 18.36 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.29 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.82 15.08 7.02 1.38 6.03 0.89 77.74 93.06 15.32

Crude Oil Distances 115% Gasoline 7.32 1.53 9.79 1.09 76.65 96.37 19.72 7.53 1.63 9.79 0.96 76.65 96.56 19.91 Diesel 6.64 1.40 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.12 18.47 6.66 1.44 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.16 18.51 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.43 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.96 15.22 7.02 1.52 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.20 15.47
Crude Oil Pipeline, 50 mi, 80% Gasoline 7.33 1.27 9.77 1.09 76.65 96.11 19.46 7.53 1.36 9.77 0.96 76.65 96.27 19.63 Diesel 6.64 1.17 9.54 0.88 76.65 94.88 18.23 6.66 1.20 9.54 0.85 76.65 94.91 18.26 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.19 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.72 14.98 7.02 1.27 6.03 0.89 77.74 92.95 15.21
Crude Oil Pipeline, 200 mi, 120% Gasoline 7.31 1.69 9.80 1.09 76.65 96.54 19.89 7.53 1.80 9.80 0.96 76.65 96.74 20.09 Diesel 6.64 1.55 9.56 0.88 76.65 95.28 18.63 6.66 1.59 9.56 0.85 76.65 95.32 18.67 Jet Fuel 6.75 1.59 6.05 1.00 77.74 93.12 15.39 7.02 1.68 6.05 0.89 77.74 93.37 15.63

Crude Oil Losses 50% Gasoline 7.31 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.27 19.62 7.52 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.45 19.80 Diesel 6.63 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.03 18.37 6.65 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.06 18.41 Jet Fuel 6.75 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.87 15.13 7.01 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.10 15.37

Crude Oil Losses 200% Gasoline 7.34 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.30 19.66 7.56 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.49 19.84 Diesel 6.66 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.06 18.41 6.68 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.10 18.45 Jet Fuel 6.78 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.90 15.16 7.04 1.44 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.14 15.40
Still Gas Emissions Factors, LPG Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.69 1.09 76.65 96.18 19.53 7.53 1.54 9.68 0.96 76.65 96.36 19.71 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.46 0.88 76.65 94.95 18.30 6.66 1.36 9.46 0.85 76.65 94.98 18.33 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.98 1.00 77.74 92.82 15.08 7.02 1.43 5.98 0.89 77.74 93.06 15.32
Still Gas Emissions Factors, Pentanes Plus Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.92 1.09 76.65 96.42 19.77 7.54 1.54 9.92 0.96 76.65 96.60 19.95 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.68 0.88 76.65 95.17 18.51 6.66 1.36 9.68 0.85 76.65 95.20 18.55 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.12 1.00 77.74 92.96 15.22 7.02 1.43 6.12 0.89 77.74 93.20 15.46
Electricity Profile, 90% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.68 1.09 76.65 96.18 19.53 7.53 1.54 9.68 0.96 76.65 96.36 19.71 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.46 0.88 76.65 94.95 18.29 6.66 1.36 9.46 0.85 76.65 94.98 18.33 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.98 1.00 77.74 92.82 15.08 7.02 1.43 5.98 0.89 77.74 93.06 15.32
Electricity Profile, 115% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.93 1.09 76.65 96.43 19.78 7.54 1.54 9.93 0.96 76.65 96.61 19.96 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.69 0.88 76.65 95.18 18.52 6.66 1.36 9.69 0.85 76.65 95.21 18.56 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.12 1.00 77.74 92.97 15.23 7.02 1.43 6.12 0.89 77.74 93.20 15.47
Hydrogen Plant Fuel Usage, 325 Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.82 1.09 76.65 96.31 19.67 7.53 1.54 9.81 0.96 76.65 96.49 19.85 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.31 0.88 76.65 94.80 18.14 6.66 1.36 9.31 0.85 76.65 94.83 18.18 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.89 1.00 77.74 92.73 14.99 7.02 1.43 5.89 0.89 77.74 92.97 15.23
Hydrogen Plant Fuel Usage, 375 Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.84 1.09 76.65 96.34 19.69 7.53 1.54 9.84 0.96 76.65 96.52 19.87 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.64 0.88 76.65 95.13 18.48 6.66 1.36 9.64 0.85 76.65 95.16 18.51 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.09 1.00 77.74 92.93 15.20 7.02 1.43 6.09 0.89 77.74 93.17 15.43
Off-Site H2 Production, 80% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.73 1.09 76.65 96.22 19.58 7.53 1.54 9.73 0.96 76.65 96.40 19.76 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.45 0.88 76.65 94.94 18.29 6.66 1.36 9.45 0.85 76.65 94.98 18.33 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.99 1.00 77.74 92.83 15.09 7.02 1.43 5.99 0.89 77.74 93.06 15.33
Off-Site H2 Production, 125% (0.3%) 0.3% Catalytic Reformer Assigned to Reformate Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.86 1.09 76.65 96.35 19.71 7.53 1.54 9.85 0.96 76.65 96.53 19.89 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.66 0.88 76.65 95.15 18.50 6.66 1.36 9.66 0.85 76.65 95.19 18.54 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.10 1.00 77.74 92.94 15.20 7.02 1.43 6.10 0.89 77.74 93.18 15.44
Capacity Utilization Hydrogen Plant, 80% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.75 1.09 76.65 96.25 19.60 7.53 1.54 9.75 0.96 76.65 96.43 19.78 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.49 0.88 76.65 94.98 18.32 6.66 1.36 9.49 0.85 76.65 95.01 18.36 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.00 1.00 77.74 92.84 15.11 7.02 1.43 6.00 0.89 77.74 93.08 15.35
Capacity Utilization Hydrogen Plant, 90% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.81 1.09 76.65 96.31 19.66 7.53 1.54 9.81 0.96 76.65 96.49 19.85 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.61 0.88 76.65 95.10 18.45 6.66 1.36 9.61 0.85 76.65 95.13 18.48 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.07 1.00 77.74 92.91 15.17 7.02 1.43 6.07 0.89 77.74 93.15 15.41
Venting, 25% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.77 1.09 76.65 96.27 19.62 7.53 1.54 9.77 0.96 76.65 96.45 19.80 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.54 0.88 76.65 95.03 18.38 6.66 1.36 9.54 0.85 76.65 95.06 18.41 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.87 15.13 7.02 1.43 6.03 0.89 77.74 93.11 15.37
Flaring, 300% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.92 1.09 76.65 96.42 19.77 7.54 1.54 9.92 0.96 76.65 96.60 19.95 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.68 0.88 76.65 95.17 18.52 6.66 1.36 9.68 0.85 76.65 95.20 18.55 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.12 1.00 77.74 92.96 15.22 7.02 1.43 6.12 0.89 77.74 93.20 15.46

H2 Production Cat Reformer 800 21% Catalytic Reformer Assigned to Reformate Gasoline 7.32 1.44 10.16 1.09 76.65 96.65 20.01 7.53 1.54 10.15 0.96 76.65 96.83 20.19 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.08 0.88 76.65 94.56 17.91 6.66 1.36 9.08 0.85 76.65 94.60 17.95 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.77 1.00 77.74 92.61 14.87 7.02 1.43 5.77 0.89 77.74 92.85 15.11

H2 Production Cat Reformer 1200 Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.77 1.09 76.65 96.27 19.62 7.53 1.54 9.77 0.96 76.65 96.45 19.80 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.56 0.88 76.65 95.05 18.40 6.66 1.36 9.56 0.85 76.65 95.09 18.44 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.02 1.00 77.74 92.86 15.13 7.02 1.43 6.02 0.89 77.74 93.10 15.36
Hydrocracker H2 Consumption, 80% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.76 1.09 76.65 96.26 19.61 7.53 1.54 9.76 0.96 76.65 96.44 19.79 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.58 0.88 76.65 95.07 18.42 6.66 1.36 9.58 0.85 76.65 95.10 18.45 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.00 1.00 77.74 92.84 15.11 7.02 1.43 6.00 0.89 77.74 93.08 15.35
Hydrocracker H2 Consumption, 150% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.84 1.09 76.65 96.34 19.69 7.53 1.54 9.84 0.96 76.65 96.52 19.87 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.47 0.88 76.65 94.95 18.30 6.66 1.36 9.47 0.85 76.65 94.99 18.34 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.11 1.00 77.74 92.95 15.22 7.02 1.43 6.11 0.89 77.74 93.19 15.45
Capacity Utilization Hydrotreating, 85% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.76 1.09 76.65 96.25 19.60 7.53 1.54 9.75 0.96 76.65 96.43 19.79 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.67 0.88 76.65 95.15 18.50 6.66 1.36 9.67 0.85 76.65 95.19 18.54 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.87 15.13 7.02 1.43 6.03 0.89 77.74 93.10 15.37
Capacity Utilization Vacuum Distillation, 80% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.82 1.09 76.65 96.32 19.67 7.54 1.54 9.82 0.96 76.65 96.50 19.85 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.45 0.88 76.65 94.94 18.29 6.66 1.36 9.45 0.85 76.65 94.97 18.32 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.87 15.13 7.02 1.43 6.03 0.89 77.74 93.11 15.37
Capacity Utilization Vacuum Distillation, 90% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.74 1.09 76.65 96.24 19.59 7.53 1.54 9.74 0.96 76.65 96.42 19.77 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.65 0.88 76.65 95.14 18.48 6.66 1.36 9.65 0.85 76.65 95.17 18.52 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.05 1.00 77.74 92.89 15.15 7.02 1.43 6.05 0.89 77.74 93.13 15.39
Energy Consumption Vacuum Distillation, 115 Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.77 1.09 76.65 96.27 19.62 7.54 1.54 9.77 0.96 76.65 96.45 19.80 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.51 0.88 76.65 95.00 18.35 6.66 1.36 9.51 0.85 76.65 95.04 18.39 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.93 1.00 77.74 92.77 15.04 7.02 1.43 5.93 0.89 77.74 93.01 15.28
Energy Consumption Vacuum Distillation, 50 Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.80 1.09 76.65 96.29 19.65 7.53 1.54 9.80 0.96 76.65 96.47 19.83 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.61 0.88 76.65 95.10 18.45 6.66 1.36 9.61 0.85 76.65 95.14 18.48 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.21 1.00 77.74 93.05 15.31 7.02 1.43 6.21 0.89 77.74 93.29 15.55
Energy Consumption Delayed Coking, 115 Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.84 1.09 76.65 96.34 19.69 7.54 1.54 9.84 0.96 76.65 96.52 19.88 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.48 0.88 76.65 94.97 18.31 6.66 1.36 9.48 0.85 76.65 95.00 18.35 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.15 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
Energy Consumption Delayed Coking, 175 Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.73 1.09 76.65 96.22 19.58 7.53 1.54 9.73 0.96 76.65 96.41 19.76 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.61 0.88 76.65 95.10 18.45 6.66 1.36 9.61 0.85 76.65 95.14 18.49 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.87 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.03 0.89 77.74 93.11 15.37
Energy Consumption Catalytic Reformer, 223 Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.80 1.09 76.65 96.30 19.65 7.54 1.54 9.80 0.96 76.65 96.48 19.83 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.48 0.88 76.65 94.97 18.32 6.66 1.36 9.48 0.85 76.65 95.01 18.35 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.00 1.00 77.74 92.84 15.10 7.02 1.43 6.00 0.89 77.74 93.08 15.34
Energy Consumption Catalytic Reformer, 283 (8%) 8% Catalytic Reformer Assigned to Reformate Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.91 1.09 76.65 96.40 19.76 7.53 1.54 9.91 0.96 76.65 96.58 19.94 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.43 0.88 76.65 94.92 18.27 6.66 1.36 9.43 0.85 76.65 94.96 18.30 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.96 1.00 77.74 92.80 15.06 7.02 1.43 5.96 0.89 77.74 93.04 15.30
Energy Consumption Hydrocracking/Hydrotreating Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.75 1.09 76.65 96.25 19.60 7.53 1.54 9.75 0.96 76.65 96.43 19.78 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.66 0.88 76.65 95.14 18.49 6.66 1.36 9.66 0.85 76.65 95.18 18.53 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.83 1.00 77.74 92.67 14.93 7.02 1.43 5.83 0.89 77.74 92.91 15.17
Catalytic Hydrocracking % to Gasoline -4% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.54 1.09 76.65 96.03 19.39 7.53 1.54 9.54 0.96 76.65 96.22 19.57 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.92 0.88 76.65 95.41 18.76 6.66 1.36 9.92 0.85 76.65 95.45 18.80 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.17 1.00 77.74 93.01 15.28 7.02 1.43 6.17 0.89 77.74 93.25 15.52
Catalytic Hydrocracking % to Gasoline +4% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 10.03 1.09 76.65 96.52 19.87 7.53 1.54 10.02 0.96 76.65 96.70 20.06 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.18 0.88 76.65 94.66 18.01 6.66 1.36 9.18 0.85 76.65 94.70 18.05 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.90 1.00 77.74 92.74 15.00 7.02 1.43 5.90 0.89 77.74 92.98 15.24
Hydrocracker, Gas Oil, -20% to Gasoline Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.60 1.09 76.65 96.10 19.45 7.53 1.54 9.60 0.96 76.65 96.28 19.63 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.87 0.88 76.65 95.36 18.70 6.66 1.36 9.87 0.85 76.65 95.39 18.74 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
Hydrocracker, Gas Oil, +20% to Gasoline Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.96 1.09 76.65 96.46 19.81 7.53 1.54 9.96 0.96 76.65 96.64 19.99 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.23 0.88 76.65 94.72 18.07 6.66 1.36 9.23 0.85 76.65 94.76 18.10 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
Refining Profile for Imported Products, 65% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.35 1.09 76.65 95.84 19.20 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.38 0.88 76.65 94.87 18.21 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.80 1.00 77.74 92.64 14.90 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
Refining Profile for Imported Products, 130% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 10.16 1.09 76.65 96.65 20.00 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.70 0.88 76.65 95.19 18.53 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.24 1.00 77.74 93.08 15.34 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
Product Vessel Energy Intensity 7.4 Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.06 76.65 96.24 19.60 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.87 76.65 95.03 18.38 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 0.97 77.74 92.85 15.11 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
Product Vessel Energy Intensity 10.9 Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.10 76.65 96.29 19.64 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.04 18.39 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.01 77.74 92.89 15.15 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
Waterborne Distances, 75% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.06 76.65 96.25 19.60 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.87 76.65 95.03 18.38 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 0.97 77.74 92.85 15.11 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
Waterborne Distances, 140% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.14 76.65 96.33 19.68 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.89 76.65 95.05 18.40 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.04 77.74 92.92 15.18 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
Total Products Transported Domestically, 80% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.33 76.65 96.52 19.87 7.53 1.54 9.78 1.20 76.65 96.70 20.06 Diesel 6.64 1.33 9.55 1.09 76.65 95.25 18.60 6.66 1.37 9.55 1.06 76.65 95.29 18.64 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.22 77.74 93.10 15.37 7.02 1.44 6.04 1.11 77.74 93.34 15.61
Product Loss Factors, 50% Gasoline 7.31 1.44 9.76 1.09 76.65 96.24 19.59 7.52 1.53 9.76 0.96 76.65 96.42 19.78 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.04 18.39 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38
Product Loss Factors, 200% Gasoline 7.35 1.44 9.82 1.09 76.65 96.35 19.71 7.56 1.54 9.82 0.96 76.65 96.53 19.89 Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.04 18.39 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

H2 Catalytic Reformer 0% Gasoline 7.32 1.44 11.51 1.09 76.65 98.00 21.36 7.53 1.54 11.51 0.96 76.65 98.19 21.54 Diesel 6.64 1.32 7.38 0.88 76.65 92.86 16.21 6.66 1.36 7.38 0.85 76.65 92.90 16.25 Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 4.69 1.00 77.74 91.53 13.80 7.02 1.43 4.69 0.89 77.74 91.77 14.03

100% Catalytic Reformer to Hydrogen (Study Value)

100% Catalytic Reformer Energy to Reformate Conventional Gasoline 9.78 11.51 Conventional Diesel 9.55 7.38 Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 6.04 4.69 U.S. Consumption U.S. Production This is the raw data from the sensitivity analysis. The values are now hard-coded in.

4 6 8 10 12 14GHG Emissions2E/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed) Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene
-Based Jet Fuel

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls SA Raw Data 2008 143