Final

Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury Army Aviation Support 

Facility #2, North Carolina

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic 

Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

August 2020

Prepared for:

Army National Guard Bureau

111 S. George Mason Drive

Arlington, VA 22204

UNCLASSIFIED
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

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Table of Contents

Executive Summary ....................................................................................................................1

1. Introduction........................................................................................................................5

1.1 Authority and Purpose ..............................................................................................5

1.2 Preliminary Assessment Methods .............................................................................5

1.3 Report Organization..................................................................................................6

1.4 Facility Location and Description...............................................................................6

1.5 Facility Environmental Setting...................................................................................7

1.5.1 Geology .........................................................................................................7

1.5.2 Hydrogeology.................................................................................................7

1.5.3 Hydrology.......................................................................................................8

1.5.4 Climate...........................................................................................................8

1.5.5 Current and Future Land Use.........................................................................9

2. Fire Training Areas...........................................................................................................13

2.1 Current Aircraft Apron FTA......................................................................................13

2.2 Former Tri-MaxTM 30 Demonstration FTA................................................................13

2.3 Former Live-Fire FTA..............................................................................................13

3. Non-Fire Training Areas ...................................................................................................16

3.1 Current Firehouse...................................................................................................16

3.2 Former Firehouse #1 ..............................................................................................17

3.3 Former Firehouse #2 ..............................................................................................17

3.4 Historical Aircraft Apron Fuel Spills .........................................................................17

3.5 Army Aviation Flight Activity Facility ........................................................................18

3.6 Armory....................................................................................................................18

3.7 Wash Rack .............................................................................................................18

3.8 Drainage Swale ......................................................................................................19

4. Emergency Response Areas............................................................................................21

5. Adjacent Sources.............................................................................................................22

5.1 Mid-Carolina Regional Airport .................................................................................22

5.2 NC Helicopter and Aquatic Rescue Team (HART) FTA ...........................................22

5.3 Salisbury Fire Station 2...........................................................................................23

5.4 Rowan County Landfill ............................................................................................23

5.5 Wastewater Treatment Plants .................................................................................23

6. Preliminary Conceptual Site Model ..................................................................................25

6.1 Pathways ................................................................................................................25

6.2 Receptors ...............................................................................................................26

6.3 AOI #1 Southern Portion of the Salisbury AASF #2.................................................26

6.4 AOI #2: Central Portion of Salisbury AASF #2.........................................................27

6.5 AOI #3: Northern Portion of Salisbury AASF #2 ......................................................27

6.6 AOI #4: NC HART FTA ..........................................................................................27

7. Conclusions .....................................................................................................................31

7.1 Findings ..................................................................................................................31

7.2 Uncertainties...........................................................................................................31

7.3 Potential Future Actions ..........................................................................................33

8. References ......................................................................................................................35
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Tables

Table ES-1 AOIs at Salisbury AASF #2

Table 6-1 Exposure Pathways at the AOIs

Table 7-1 AOIs at Salisbury AASF #2

Table 7-2 Determinations of No Suspected Release

Table 7-3 Uncertainties

Table 7-4 PA Findings Summary

Figures

Figure ES-1 Summary of Findings

Figure ES-2 Preliminary Conceptual Site Model, Salisbury AASF #2

Figure 1-1 Facility Location

Figure 1-2 Groundwater Features

Figure 1-3 Surface Water Features

Figure 2-1 Fire Training Areas

Figure 3-1 Non-Fire Training Areas

Figure 5-1 Adjacent Sources

Figure 6-1 Areas of Interest

Figure 6-2 Preliminary Conceptual Site Model, AOI 1- AOI 4

Figure 7-1 Summary of Findings

Appendices

Appendix A Data Resources

Appendix B Preliminary Assessment Documentation

B.1 Interview Records

B.2 Visual Site Inspection Checklists

B.3 Conceptual Site Model Information

Appendix C Photographic Log
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Acronyms and Abbreviations

°F degrees Fahrenheit

AASF Army Aviation Support Facility

AECOM AECOM Technical Services, Inc.

AFFF aqueous film forming foam

AOI area of interest

ARFF Airecraft Rescue and Firefighting

ARNG Army National Guard

CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act

CSM conceptual site model

EDRTM Environmental Data Resources, Inc.TM 

FTA fire training area

HA Health Advisory

HART Helicopter and Aquatic Rescue Team

NC North Carolina

NCARNG North Carolina Army National Guard

PA Preliminary Assessment

PFAS per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances

PFOA perfluorooctanoic acid

PFOS perfluorooctanesulfonic acid

SI Site Inspection

SWPPP Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan

TFFT tactical firefighting truck

UCMR3 Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule 3

US United States

USACE United States Army Corps of Engineers

USDA United States Department of Agriculture

USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

USGS United States Geological Survey

WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant
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Executive Summary

The Army National Guard (ARNG) is performing Preliminary Assessments (PAs) and Site 

Inspections (SIs) for Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 

Impacted Sites at ARNG Facilities Nationwide. A PA for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances 

(PFAS)-containing materials was completed for the Army Aviation Support Facility (AASF) #2

(also referred to as the “facility”) in Salisbury, North Carolina (NC) to assess potential PFAS 

release areas and exposure pathways to receptors. The performance of this PA included the 

following tasks: 

• Reviewed available administrative record documents and Environmental Data Resources, 

Inc. (EDR)TM report packages to obtain information relevant to potential PFAS releases, such 

as: drinking water well locations, historical aerial photographs, Sanborn maps, and 

environmental compliance actions in the area surrounding the facility;

• Conducted a 1-day site visit on 23 October 2019 and completed visual site inspections at 

locations where PFAS-containing materials were suspected of being stored, used, or 

disposed;

• Interviewed Salisbury AASF #2 personnel during the site visit, including North Carolina ARNG 

(NCARNG) environmental managers, past and current AASF firefighters, and Salisbury

AASF #2 operations staff;

• Identified Area(s) of Interest (AOIs) and developed a preliminary conceptual site model (CSM) 

to summarize potential source-pathway-receptor linkages of potential PFAS in soil, 

groundwater, surface water, and sediment for each AOI. 

Four Areas of Interest (AOI) related to PFAS releases were identified at the Salisbury AASF #2

during the PA. The AOIs are shown on Figure ES-1 and described in Table ES-1 below:

Table ES-1 AOIs at Salisbury AASF #2

Area of Interest Name Used by Release Date

AOI 1 Southern Portion of 

Salisbury AASF #2

NCARNG Unknown (1979-

present)

AOI 2 Central Portion of 

Salisbury AASF #2

NCARNG Unknown (1979-

present)

AOI 3 Northern Portion of 

Salisbury AASF #2

NCARNG Unknown (1979-

present)

AOI 4 NC Helicopter and Aquatic 

Rescue Team (HART) FTA

NCARNG 2005-present

Based on the potential PFAS releases at the AOIs, there is potential for exposure to PFAS 

contamination in environmental media at the facility to site workers, construction workers, and offfacility residents using domestic or public supply wells, and off-facility recreational users of the 

surrounding water bodies. Potential off-facility PFAS release areas also exist adjacent to the 

Salisbury AASF #2 on Mid-Carolina Regional Airport property. Because these areas include 

property potentially upgradient of the facility, it is unknown whether off-facility sources affect the 

Salisbury AASF #2. The preliminary CSM for the Salisbury AASF #2 is shown on Figure ES-2.

Based on the United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Unregulated 

Contaminant Monitoring Rule 3 (UCMR3) data, it was indicated that no PFAS were detected in a 

public water system above the USEPA’s lifetime Health Advisory (HA) level within 20 miles of the 
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facility. The HA is 70 parts per trillion for PFOS and PFOA, individually or combined. PFAS 

analyses performed in 2016 had method detection limits that were higher than currently 

achievable. Thus, it is possible that low concentrations of PFAS were not detected during the 

UCMR3 but might be detected if analyzed today.
Row an County Landfill

Ap ache Fuel

Tank Sp ill

Small Plane Fire

NC HART 

Training Area

Salisb ury Fire Station 2

Mid-Carolina

Regional Airp ort

Terminal Building

Grants Creek

Town Creek

AOI 2

AOI 1

AOI 3

AOI 4

0 500 1,000 2,000

Feet

­ Figure ES-1

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Area of Interest

Potential PFAS Release

No Suspected Release

Facility Boundary

Water Body

River/Stream Summary of Findings

12420 Milestone Center Drive

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Historical Firetruck

Washing Area

Former Firetruck Park ing

Wash Rack

Drainage Sw ale

AOI 1

AOI 3

AOI 2

Row an County Landfill

Armory

Historical Aircraft 

Ap ron Fuel Sp ills

Current Aircraft Ap ron FTA

Former Firehouse #2

Former Live-Fire FTA

Current Firehouse

Army Aviation Flight

Activity Facility

Former Firehouse #1

Defueling Pad

Firetruck Park ing (2014-2015)

Former Tri-MaxTM

Demonstration FTA

Current Firehouse

Tri-MaxTM Storage

Ornamental Firetruck

Park ing Location (2016)

Tow n Creek

WWTP

Grant

Creek WWTP

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1. Introduction

1.1 Authority and Purpose

The Army National Guard (ARNG)-G9 is the lead agency in performing Preliminary Assessments 

(PAs) and Site Inspections (SIs) for Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic 

acid (PFOA) at Impacted Sites at ARNG Facilities Nationwide. This work is supported by the 

United States (US) Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Baltimore District and their contractor 

AECOM Technical Services, Inc. (AECOM) under Contract Number W912DR-12-D-0014, Task 

Order W912DR17F0192, issued 11 August 2017.

The ARNG is assessing potential effects on human health related to processes at their facilities 

that used per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) (a suite of related chemicals), primarily 

releases of aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) although other sources of PFAS are possible. In 

addition, the ARNG is assessing businesses or operations adjacent to the ARNG facility (not 

under the control of ARNG) that could potentially be responsible for a PFAS release. 

PFAS are classified as emerging environmental contaminants that are garnering increasing 

regulatory interest due to their potential risks to human health and the environment. PFAS 

formulations contain highly diverse mixtures of compounds. Thus, the fate of these PFAS 

compounds in the environment will vary. The regulatory framework at both federal and state levels 

continues to evolve. The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) issued lifetime Drinking 

Water Health Advisories (HAs) for PFOA and PFOS in May 2016, but there are currently no 

promulgated national standards regulating PFAS in drinking water. The HA is 70 parts per trillion 

for PFOS and PFOA, individually or combined.

This report presents findings of a PA for PFAS-containing materials at the Salisbury Army Aviation 

Support Facility (AASF) #2 (also referred to as the “facility”) in Salisbury, North Carolina (NC), in 

accordance with the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act 

(CERCLA), as amended, the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan 

(40 Code of Federal Regulations Part 300), and Army requirements and guidance. 

This PA documents the known fire training areas (FTAs) as well as additional locations where 

PFAS may have been released into the environment at the Salisbury AASF #2. The term PFAS 

will be used throughout this report to encompass all PFAS chemicals being evaluated, including 

PFOS and PFOA, which are key components of AFFF.

1.2 Preliminary Assessment Methods

The performance of this PA included the following tasks: 

• Reviewed available administrative record documents and Environmental Data Resources, 

Inc. (EDR)TM report packages to obtain information relevant to potential PFAS releases, such 

as: drinking water well locations, historical aerial photographs, Sanborn maps, and 

environmental compliance actions in the area surrounding the facility;

• Conducted a 1-day site visit on 23 October 2019 and completed visual site inspections at 

locations where PFAS-containing materials were suspected of being stored, used, or 

disposed;

• Interviewed Salisbury AASF #2 personnel during the site visit, including North Carolina 

ARNG (NCARNG) environmental managers, past and current AASF firefighters, and 

Salisbury AASF #2 operations staff;
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• Identified Area(s) of Interest (AOIs) and developed a preliminary conceptual site model (CSM) 

to summarize potential source-pathway-receptor linkages of potential PFAS in soil, 

groundwater, surface water, and sediment for each AOI. 

1.3 Report Organization

This report has been prepared in accordance with USEPA Guidance for Performing Preliminary 

Assessments under CERCLA (USEPA, 1991). The report sections and descriptions of each are

as follows:

• Section 1 – Introduction: identifies the project purpose and authority and describes the 

facility location, environmental setting, and methods used to complete the PA.

• Section 2 – Fire Training Areas: describes the FTAs at the facility identified during the site 

visit.

• Section 3 – Non-Fire Training Areas: describes other locations of PFAS releases at the 

facility identified during the site visit.

• Section 4 – Emergency Response Areas: describes areas of AFFF release at the facility, 

specifically in response to emergency situations.

• Section 5 – Adjacent Sources: describes sources of PFAS release adjacent to the facility 

that are not under the control of ARNG.

• Section 6 – Preliminary Conceptual Site Model: describes the pathways of potential PFAS 

transport and receptors at each area of interest (AOI).

• Section 7 – Conclusions: summarizes the data findings and presents the conclusions and 

uncertainties of the PA.

• Section 8 – References: provides the references used to develop this document

• Appendix A – Data Resources

• Appendix B – Preliminary Assessment Documentation

• Appendix C – Photographic Log

1.4 Facility Location and Description

The Salisbury AASF #2 is on the western side of the runway at the Mid-Carolina Regional Airport 

(Rowan County Airport). The facility is in Rowan County, North Carolina, roughly 40 miles 

northeast of Charlotte, North Carolina. Rowan County is bordered by Cabarrus County to the 

south, Davidson County to the east, Davie County to the north, Iredell County to the west, and 

Stanly County to the southeast.

Salisbury AASF #2 was constructed in 1975. The facility includes hangar space, a parking apron, 

flight ramp, wash rack, firehouse, armory building, operations and maintenance support buildings, 

a fuel farm, and taxiway connecting to the airport runway. The facility parking apron is 32,500 

square yards and accommodates NCARNG aircraft. Salisbury AASF #2 is primarily used for the 

performance of aircraft and equipment maintenance, aircraft refueling, hazardous material 

storage, aircraft painting, and vehicle and equipment refueling. The 430th Engineer Firefighting 

Team, stationed at the facility, provides fire service to the airport Monday through Friday (Talbert 

& Bright, 2011). Additionally, NCARNG has an informal mutual aid agreement for emergency 

response services with Rowan County, the City of Salisbury, and Locke Township, although the 

details of the agreement are unknown. The current property lease issues the facility property to 
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the State of North Carolina from Rowan County for National Guard use from 2002 to 2099. The 

lease is included in Appendix A.

1.5 Facility Environmental Setting

Salisbury AASF #2 is in the Piedmont Region of North Carolina, which is characterized by small 

rolling hills. The facility sits at 734 feet above mean sea level surrounded by wooded areas 

(EDRTM, 2019). Topography across the southern portion of the facility is generally flat but slopes 

downward to the south and southwest along the southern boundary. In the northern portion of the 

facility, topography slopes downward towards the northwest.

Roughly 10 percent of the greater airport property is impervious, as it is covered by buildings and 

paved areas such as runways, taxiways, aircraft parking aprons, roadways, and parking lots. 

Unpaved areas across the Salisbury AASF #2 are covered by vegetative surfaces, primarily 

mowed grass (Talbert & Bright, 2011). There are no water bodies within the NCARNG property 

boundary.

1.5.1 Geology

Metamorphic, igneous, and sedimentary rock are found in the Piedmont region of North Carolina,

with metamorphic rock being the most prevalent (Charles, 1989). They range in composition from 

felsic to ultramafic. The metamorphic rocks here have been folded and refolded during multiple 

metamorphic and orogenic events. The rocks have also been broken and displaced by numerous 

faults and shearing, which can reach up to miles in length. There are many joints where there are 

rock fractures without displacement; they tend to cluster in groups oriented about one or more 

preferred directions (Charles, 1989).

Salisbury AASF #2 is on the Charlotte Belt geologic feature. The oldest rocks in this area 

commonly are mafic gneisses, amphibolites, metagabbros, and metavolcanic rocks (Horton & 

Zullo, 1991). These features contain largely plutonic rocks that range in age from Late Proterozoic 

to late Paleozoic. This plutonic complex contains enclaves of metasedimentary and metavolcanic 

rocks that are most abundant toward the flanks (Gair, J.E. et. al., 1986). The older plutonic 

complex is intruded by middle Paleozoic plutons that range from gabbro and syenite to granite 

and granodiorite and by late Paleozoic plutons that are typically porphyritic granite (Gair, J.E. et. 

al, 1986). The soil in this area is categorized as Cecil-Pacolet, gently sloping to steep, well-drained 

upland soils that have a loamy surface layer and a predominantly clayey subsoil (US Department 

of Agriculture [USDA], 1995).

1.5.2 Hydrogeology

In the Piedmont region of North Carolina, there is a three-stage system of earth-materials that 

includes a regolith zone at the top, transition zone in the middle, and underlying fractured 

crystalline bedrock beneath (Harned, 1989). The regolith unsaturated zone extends from the 

surface down to the water table and consists of air, water filled pores and sand. Water infiltrates

the zone by intergranular flow through the larger pore spaces and passages (Harned, 1989). The

saturated regolith zone provides the bulk of the water storage in the Piedmont groundwater 

system (Heath, 1980). At the base of the regolith zone lies the transition zone filled with weathered 

rock, boulders, and saprolite. This area has a high permeability due to incomplete weathering in 

the upper regolith (Harned, 1989). In the bedrock, all rocks have been subject to uplift, weathering, 

and erosion that have resulted in the widening of fractures and the formation of new openings. 

These breaks in the solid rock are the conduits for groundwater flow (Charles, 1989).
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Based on groundwater sampling data from monitoring wells at the closed Rowan County Landfill, 

adjacent to the east of Salisbury AASF #2, groundwater depths in the vicinity of the facility range 

from approximately 4 to 24 feet below ground surface (Golder Associates NC, Inc., 2018). It is 

presumed that groundwater depths beneath the facility are similar, but groundwater flow direction 

at the Salisbury AASF #2 remains unknown. The nearest US Geological Survey (USGS) 

groundwater information site is an inactive well (USGS 353819080291701 RO-057) located 

approximately 2 miles southeast of the facility. Groundwater at this location was measured at 40 

feet below ground surface in 1954 (USGS, 2020). Groundwater is inferred to follow local 

topography and flow northeast towards Grants Creek (Figure 1-2).

An EDRTM report conducted a well search for a 1-mile radius surrounding the facility (Appendix 

A). Using additional online resources, such as state and local Geographic Information System

databases, wells were researched to a 4-mile radius of the facility. There are no drinking water 

wells at Rowan County Airport or the Salisbury AASF #2; drinking water is provided by SalisburyRowan Utilities. Salisbury-Rowan Utilities sources its water from intakes at the confluence of the 

South Yadkin River and the Yadkin River, located approximately 8 miles northeast of the facility

(Salisbury-Rowan Utilities, 2019). Multiple public water system wells were also indicated to lie 

within a 4-mile radius of the facility in all directions, as shown on Figure 1-2. Based on the USEPA 

Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule 3 (UCMR3) data, it was indicated that no PFAS were 

detected in a public water system above the HA within 20 miles of Salisbury AASF #2. The HA is 

70 parts per trillion for PFOS and PFOA, individually or combined. PFAS analyses performed in 

2016 had method detection limits that were higher than currently achievable. Thus, it is possible 

that low concentrations of PFAS were not detected during the UCMR3 but might be detected if 

analyzed today.

1.5.3 Hydrology

The Yadkin River is the major water body that flows through Rowan County and makes up the 

border between Rowan, Davie, and Davidson Counties. The river flows in a northwest to 

southeast direction passing to the north and east of the site. The river is dammed 12 miles east 

of the facility and forms High Rock Lake. 

The Rowan County Airport has multiple drainage outfalls. Outfalls that receive runoff from areas 

where industrial activities have direct discharges to the stormwater system require visual 

inspection and qualitative monitoring by the Airport. There are three such outfalls and they all 

discharge to a channel east of the airfield and Airport Loop Road. This channel flows northward 

feeding into Grants Creek which eventually discharges to Yadkin River (Talbert & Bright, 2011). 

The Yadkin River is the main source of drinking water to the facility (Figure 1-3).

There are no surface water bodies located within the Salisbury AASF #2 property, but two 

concrete drainage structures, running south to north and east to west, are located within the facility 

property and receive drainage from paved areas north of the aircraft apron. The concrete drainage 

structures lead into a wooded, drainage swale that flows north before presumably connecting with 

a tributary of Grants Creek or infiltrating into the ground. Another small stream/drainage swale

flows west away from the runway adjacent to the south of the facility, which discharges to Grants 

Creek (US Fish and Wildlife Service, 2020). Grants Creek is a tributary of the Yadkin River. The 

small stream/drainage swale receives drainage from the facility’s aircraft apron and the western 

side of the runway. 

1.5.4 Climate

The climate of Salisbury, North Carolina is humid subtropical characterized by cool to mild winters 

and hot humid summers with evenly distributed precipitation throughout the year. July is the 
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warmest month with an average max daily temperature of 89.4 degrees Fahrenheit (°F) and an 

average daily low of 68.8°F. January is the coldest month with an average daily max temperature 

of 50.4°F and an average daily low of 27.7°F. Salisbury receives an annual precipitation amount 

of 42.03 inches. June is the wettest month accumulating 4.19 inches, while November is the driest 

month, receiving 3.07 inches. On average, Salisbury, North Carolina receives 9.9 inches of 

snowfall a year. Only one season, 2011-2012, had no measurable snowfall (National Oceanic and 

Atmospheric Administration, 2020).

1.5.5 Current and Future Land Use

The Salisbury AASF #2 is currently a controlled access facility and is adjacent to the Mid-Carolina 

Regional Airport, also referred to as Rowan County Airport. The AASF supports rotary aircraft 

operations for the NCARNG. The facility is currently leased by the state of North Carolina from 

the Rowan County Airport for the years of 2002 to 2099. The airport is owned and operated by 

Rowan County and provides commercial and general air service to the Carolinas. Reasonably 

anticipated future land use is not expected to change from the current land use described here.
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12420 Milestone Center Drive

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Facility Location

Base Map: USGS The National Map: National

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Water Body

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Upper

Grants Creek

Watershed

Town of

Spencer-Headwaters

Crane Creek Watershed

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Watershed

Town Creek

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Water Body

River/Stream

Surface Water Flow Direction

Surface Water Features

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2. Fire Training Areas

Three FTAs were identified at the Salisbury AASF #2 during the PA. A description of each FTA is 

presented below, and their locations are shown on Figure 2-1. Photographs of the FTAs appear 

in Appendix C.

Salisbury AASF #2 houses the 430th Engineer Firefighting Team, which responds to emergencies 

at the facility, with additional support at the Rowan County Airport depending on the severity of 

the emergency. As such, NCARNG firefighters have historically trained in several areas at the 

facility, and off-facility at several locations, including a fire training academy in Charlotte, at the 

Guilford Technical Community, and at a facility in Albemarle, North Carolina. 

2.1 Current Aircraft Apron FTA

Based on PA interviews, the southwestern corner of the aircraft apron is used as an FTA. The 

training in this area involves using a firetruck to spray water from the southwestern corner of the 

apron toward the south, into the grassy vegetated area. It is unknown whether the same firetruck 

is used for each training event. Although the 430th Engineer Firefighting Team trains with only 

water in this location, both firetrucks used by the 430th Engineer Firefighting Team also store 

AFFF. It is possible that AFFF contained within the truck has migrated into other lines due to the 

corrosive nature of PFAS. As such, it is possible that water sprayed may contain PFAS. Water 

sprayed during training is aimed towards a drainage swale off-facility that flows downslope to the 

west towards Grants Creek. This FTA is considered a potential PFAS release area.

2.2 Former Tri-MaxTM 30 Demonstration FTA

Based on PA interviews, local schools coordinated field trips to the Salisbury AASF #2 to observe

Tri-MaxTM 30 wheeled fire extinguisher fire training exercises performed by the previous fire unit 

at the facility in the 1990s. Students attending the field trips would observe firefighters spraying 

AFFF from a Tri-MaxTM 30 fire extinguisher at a stationary, non-ignited target. No live fires were 

used during these demonstrations, and according to interviewees, students were not exposed to 

the AFFF. The demonstration included a quick spray of AFFF from the nozzle of the Tri-MaxTM 30 

extinguisher. These demonstrations took place on an asphalt-paved area between the current 

and Former Firehouse #2. Interviewees estimated that these Tri-MaxTM 30 demonstrations 

occurred at least six times; however, the exact timeframe when demonstrations occurred is 

unknown. The type of AFFF sprayed during training events is also unknown, but Ansulite Light 

WaterTM 3% AFFF concentrate was observed during the site visit. Interviewees estimated that the 

volume of AFFF sprayed during each demonstration was a few gallons; however, the cumulative 

volume of AFFF sprayed is unknown. The FTA where these demonstrations were performed is 

considered a potential PFAS release area. Following the demonstrations, the discharged AFFF 

was allowed to drain naturally into the concrete drainage structure located west of the FTA. 

2.3 Former Live-Fire FTA

Based on PA interviews, an area near the northwestern boundary of the facility was also used as 

an FTA in the 1990s. Fire training was performed on a gravel area located where National Guard 

Road is currently paved. During training, a fuel pan was burned so that the former fire unit could 

train with various materials to extinguish the flames. On most occasions, water, Purple K and 

other dry chemical agents were used to extinguish the fire. On one occasion, a Tri-MaxTM 30 

wheeled fire extinguisher containing AFFF was used, however, the type and concentration of 

AFFF used is unknown and undocumented. The volume of AFFF sprayed is also unknown. A 

concrete drainage structure near the FTA conveys surface runoff to the north, into the wooded 
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

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area northwest of the facility. Based on the known release of AFFF during a training event at the 

Former Live-Fire FTA, the area is considered a potential PFAS release area.
Former Tri-MaxTM

Demonstration FTA

Current Aircraft Apron FTA

Former Live-Fire FTA

0 150 300 600

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3. Non-Fire Training Areas

In addition to FTAs, the PA evaluated areas where PFAS-containing materials may have been 

broadly used, stored, or disposed. This may include buildings with fire suppression systems, paint 

booths, AFFF storage areas, and areas of compliance demonstrations. Information on these 

features obtained during the PA are included in Appendices A and B. Several non-FTAs where 

AFFF may have been released were identified during the PA. A description of each non-FTA is 

presented below, and the non-FTAs are shown on Figure 3-1. Photographs of the non-FTAs

appear in Appendix C. Current and former personnel interviewed for this PA have first-hand 

knowledge of activities at Salisbury AASF #2 from 1979 to 1999 and 2005 to present.

3.1 Current Firehouse

Based on PA interviews, the Current Firehouse was constructed circa 2005, which is corroborated 

by historical aerial imagery. The firehouse is located towards the northwestern end of the paved 

aircraft parking apron along National Guard Road. The 430th Engineer Firefighting Team was 

stationed at the Salisbury AASF #2 with the construction of the Current Firehouse. This team 

replaced the previous firefighting unit and is not a continuation of the previous unit. 

The 430th Engineer Firefighting Team received two firetrucks coinciding with the construction of 

the current firehouse: one tactical firefighting truck (TFFT) and one tanker truck. Both trucks are 

stored at the current firehouse. The TFFT contains two 60-gallon AFFF tanks onboard, and the 

tanker truck includes storage for between 50 to 60 gallons of AFFF. Both firefighting vehicles are 

regularly inspected and checked for leaks. During interviews, it was noted that the TFFT has 

needed to have AFFF added to the tank twice for unknown reasons, indicating a potential leak. 

No known spraying of AFFF occurred to have caused the volume of AFFF in the TFFT to 

decrease, and no AFFF was seen leaking from the vehicle. Approximately 2 gallons of AFFF were 

used to top off the AFFF tank in the firehouse vehicle bay following the decrease in volume. The 

problem did not persist, and no repairs were performed. Both vehicles are washed behind the 

firehouse to the west.

Interviewees estimate that 100 gallons of AFFF concentrate were previously stored in 5-gallon 

buckets in the firehouse office space adjacent to the vehicle bay. No AFFF was present in buckets 

during the site visit in October 2019. It is unknown how and when the buckets of AFFF concentrate 

were disposed of. The buckets of AFFF were not delivered with the two firefighting vehicles circa 

2005; it is possible that the buckets were present at the facility prior to the construction.

Currently, eight Tri-MaxTM 30 wheeled fire extinguishers are stored outside the southern wall of the 

firehouse. It is unknown when the extinguishers were acquired. Based on information provided 

during interviews, Tri-MaxTM 30 units have also been stored on the helicopter parking pads and in 

the grassy areas on the eastern and western edges of the aircraft parking apron. There have been 

no known leaks from the Tri-MaxTM 30 units during the tenure of AASF interviewees. Additionally, 

one portable extinguisher charged with AFFF is stored in the same location as the Tri-MaxTM carts 

and is anticipated to have the same usage and storage location history. The type and 

concentration of AFFF stored within the Tri-MaxTM 30 wheeled fire extinguishers as well as the 

non- Tri-MaxTM extinguisher is unknown. 

Based on the storage of AFFF concentrate at the current firehouse, the potential leak of AFFF 

from the TFFT, the washing of firetrucks, the unknown disposal of previously stored AFFF 

concentrate from the firehouse, and the storage of Tri-MaxTM 30 units at the firehouse, the area is 

considered a potential PFAS release area.
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3.2 Former Firehouse #1

The Former Firehouse #1 was the original firehouse from 1979 to 1989 and was located near the 

facility parking lot. According to interviewees, a Class 530 firetruck was acquired in 1979, stored 

at Former Firehouse #1, and equipped with a 40 gallon foam tank that contained “protein foam.”

Eventually, three firetrucks were stored at the former firehouse in the 1980s, two of which had 

foam tanks containing protein foam, and one that carried AFFF. The ingredients of the protein 

foam are unknown. One of these firetrucks is currently parked near the fueling station and is 

inactive. Based on aerial imagery, the firetruck was moved to this location circa 2016. Prior to 

2016, the firetruck was parked on the northern end of a parking lot in the northern portion of the 

facility. It is unclear if this firetruck is currently equipped with AFFF or has ever contained AFFF. 

Firetrucks were stored outside of the firehouse during use, but AFFF was also stored inside the 

fire station. 

According to interviewees, firefighting materials were transitioned to AFFF following the arrival of 

the Class 530 firetruck. In 1979, the facility received 100 gallons of 6% AFFF concentrate from 

Fort Bragg and continued to receive increments of 100 gallons of AFFF concentrate until the 

firehouse had approximately 300-400 gallons of AFFF concentrate in addition to the AFFF stored 

on firetrucks. The Former Firehouse #1 is no longer present at the facility, and based on aerial 

imagery, it was demolished prior to 1993. The armory was constructed partially on the location of 

the former firehouse. Based on the known storage of AFFF and AFFF-capable firetrucks at Former 

Firehouse #1, the area is considered a potential PFAS release area. The parking locations of 

firetrucks are also considered potential PFAS release areas.

3.3 Former Firehouse #2

The Former Firehouse #2 is adjacent to the Current Firehouse to the north on the western 

boundary of the facility along National Guard Road. Former Firehouse #2 is on the northwest 

corner of the aircraft apron. Use of the Former Firehouse #2 began in 1989, and firefighting 

materials were transferred from the Former Firehouse #1. The three previously mentioned 

firetrucks were typically stored outside the firehouse, and AFFF was typically stored inside the 

firehouse. The Allied storage area adjacent to Former Firehouse #2 also stored Tri-MaxTM units

and buckets of AFFF concentrates. Former Firehouse #2 was used until the mid-2000s, when the 

Current Firehouse was constructed.

Additionally, firetrucks were routinely washed on the paved surface directly south of Former 

Firehouse #2. A concrete drainage structure here conveys water away from the firehouse into the 

wooded area to the north during firetruck washing.

Former Firehouse #2 is still present at the facility; however, it is currently used to store Ground 

Support Equipment. Based on the known storage of AFFF and AFFF-capable firetrucks as well 

as the washing of those firetrucks, this area is considered a potential PFAS release area.

3.4 Historical Aircraft Apron Fuel Spills

The Aircraft Apron occupies the majority of the southern half of the Salisbury AASF #2. It includes 

several helicopter parking pads and connects to the Rowan County Airport via taxiway. According 

to interviewees, Tri-MaxTM 30 fire extinguishers have been historically stored on the helicopter 

parking pads and in the grass along the east and west edge of the Aircraft Apron. Currently, the 

Tri-MaxTM 30 fire extinguishers are charged with AFFF and are stored outside the southern wall of 

the fire house. Two different types of Amerex extinguishers were observed on the flight line during 

the site visit. One type was charged with Purple K dry chemical extinguishant, while the other type 

was charged with film forming fluoroprotein foam. The contents of the fluoroprotein foam are 
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

18

unknown, but other fluoroprotein foams available include a blend of fluorinated surfactants and 

hydrolyzed proteins. It is conservatively assumed that the fluoroprotein Amerex fire extinguishers 

at the facility contain PFAS. 

Historical fuel spills have occurred on the Aircraft Apron as well as the Defueling Pad located on 

the western edge of the apron. Interviewees stated that AFFF was used in response to fuel spills 

across the Aircraft Apron, including the defueling pad as a preventative measure to combat 

potential fires.

A former firetruck parking area was also described by interviewees on the paved area just north 

of the Aircraft Apron adjacent to the flight operations building. It is possible that firetrucks parked 

here contained AFFF and had the potential to leak.

As a result of the known storage of Tri-Max

TM 30 units across the Aircraft Apron, the use of AFFF 

in response to fuel spills, and the parking of AFFF-containing firetrucks, the areas on the Aircraft 

Apron where these events and practices have occurred are identified as potential PFAS release 

areas.

3.5 Army Aviation Flight Activity Facility

The Army Aviation Flight Activity Facility, also referred to as the Hangar or Flight Operations 

Building, is located at the northeast corner of the Aircraft Apron. The Hangar includes space for 

aircraft maintenance, as well as office space and storage rooms. The building does not have a 

fire suppression system. According to interviewees, the Hangar has never been used for the 

storage of AFFF or fire training equipment. Based on the lack of known historical use of the

Hangar for the storage of firefighting equipment, the lack of a fire suppression system, and the 

absence of known emergencies at the Hangar, the area is not considered a potential PFAS 

release area.

3.6 Armory

The Armory is in the center of the facility and was constructed partially on the footprint of Former 

Firehouse #1. The Armory does not have an AFFF fire suppression system and has no known 

historical use as a storage location for AFFF. Based on aerial imagery, the Armory was constructed 

prior to 1993 but would have been constructed after 1989 due to the known use of Former 

Firehouse #1 until 1989. Based on the lack of evidence indicating that AFFF has been stored or 

used at the Armory, the area is not considered a potential PFAS release area; however, the portion 

of the armory that overlies the Former Firehouse #1 footprint is considered a potential PFAS 

release area.

3.7 Wash Rack

The Wash Rack is on the north end of the Aircraft Apron to the immediate east of Former 

Firehouse #2. Interviewee-provided information and aerial imagery indicate that the Wash Rack 

was constructed circa 2005; however, as-built drawings indicate that a “wash area” was planned 

as early as 1988. According to interviewees, neither AFFF nor fluoroprotein foam have ever been 

used or stored at the Wash Rack, and the Wash Rack is not used for the washing firefighting 

vehicles. It is unclear whether a wash area was used in the same location, as indicated by the asbuilt drawings, for washing other vehicles and equipment prior to the construction of the Wash 

Rack. Because potential PFAS releases are suspected to have occurred on the adjacent Aircraft 

Apron, it is possible that AFFF and fluoroprotein foam may have been rinsed from vehicles and 

equipment from the wash area pre-dating the current Wash Rack. Based on uncertainty 

surrounding the use of the wash area where the current Wash Rack exists and the known PFAS 
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19

releases occurring nearby that may have resulted in equipment rinsing, the Wash Rack area is 

considered a potential PFAS release area.

3.8 Drainage Swale

The Drainage Swale is a depressed, wooded area at the corner of two concrete drainage 

structures running south to north and east to west, adjacent to the Former Firehouse #2. The 

concrete ditch that runs south to north has received firetruck wash water from the Former 

Firehouse #2 and discharged AFFF from the Former Tri-MaxTM 30 Demonstration FTA; this 

drainage then flowed north before overflowing into the Drainage Swale area. The as-built 

drawings appear to indicate the presence of a catch basin south of the Former Firehouse #2 that 

also drains into the concrete ditch via a 15-inch reinforced concrete pipe. In addition, a “brush 

barrier” is labeled at the approximate location of the Drainage Swale. The drainage pattern from 

the Drainage Swale is unknown but is presumed to flow north along National Guard Road before 

infiltrating into the ground or draining into a tributary of Grants Creek. The Drainage Swale is 

considered a potential PFAS release area, because the area has received drainage from other 

potential PFAS release areas. 
Former Firetruck Parking

Historical Firetruck

Washing Area

Wash Rack Army Av iation Flig ht

Activ ity Facility

Drainag e Swale

Firetruck

Parking

(2014-2015)

Ornamental

Firetruck Parking

Location (2016)

Defueling Pad

Historical Aircraft 

Ap ron Fuel Sp ills

Current Firehouse

Tri-MaxTM Storag e

Former

Firehouse #2 Former

Firehouse #1

Current

Firehouse

Armory

0 150 300 600

Feet

Leg end

Potential PFAS Release

No Suspected Release

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4. Emergency Response Areas

Emergency services for the facility are provided by the 430th Engineer Firefighting Team stationed 

at the Current Firehouse. No emergency response areas or incidents were identified within the 

facility during the PA through interviews. The NCARNG also has an informal mutual aid agreement 

for emergency response services with Rowan County, the City of Salisbury, and Locke Township, 

although the details of the agreement are unknown. Additionally, the 430th Engineer Firefighting 

Team provides fire service to Rowan County Airport Monday through Friday (Talbert & Bright, 

2011). The Rowan County Airport has one firetruck for emergency response. The 430th Engineer 

Firefighting Team responded to an incident at the Rowan County Airport in 1997 and dispensed 

approximately 15-20 gallons of AFFF. The details of the emergency response are presented in 

Section 5.1.
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5. Adjacent Sources

Six potential off-facility PFAS sources were identified adjacent to the Salisbury AASF #2 during 

the PA. These sources also present the potential for co-contaminant plumes to intersect the 

Salisbury AASF #2. The locations of potential off-facility source areas are shown on Figure 5-1.

5.1 Mid-Carolina Regional Airport

Salisbury AASF #2 is within the greater Mid-Carolina Regional Airport property, also referred to 

as Rowan County Airport. Rowan County Airport is a public airport owned by Rowan County,

located in Salisbury, North Carolina, that includes a 5,500-foot by 100-foot runway (Runway 2/20)

that is positioned nearly north/south. The airport provides general aviation services and aircraft 

fueling, maintenance, tie-downs, and a variety of hangar storage operations to numerous tenants, 

including the NCARNG. Based on their tendency to store and use AFFF, as well as the potential 

for fueling and aircraft incidents, airports can be locations for potential PFAS releases.

According to interviewees, several incidents were identified at Rowan County Airport requiring 

emergency response. An incident in 1997 was described in which an Apache fuel tank ruptured

approximately 0.25 miles southeast from the Salisbury AASF #2, across the runway, on a paved 

surface near the SouthTecAviation Hangar. During the incident, the seam on the forward tank 

ruptured and fuel ran through the fuselage. The remaining fuel in the billy tank also drained. The 

previous fire unit at the Salisbury AASF #2 responded by dispensing approximately 15-20 gallons 

of AFFF on the fuel spill. The type of AFFF used is unknown and undocumented. The expended 

foam and fuel were rinsed into the nearby storm drain. The area where this incident occurred is 

considered a potential PFAS release area.

Another incident occurred in which a small plane burned to the ground on the northeast end of 

Runway 2/20, approximately 0.3 miles northeast of the Salisbury AASF #2. According to 

interviewees, airport personnel dispensed approximately 30 gallons of AFFF on the fire in 

response. The Salisbury AASF #2 previous fire unit did not respond to the incident. The year this 

incident occurred is unknown. The type and concentration of AFFF used during the emergency 

response is unknown.

Rowan County Airport includes an Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting (ARFF) building and fire 

department for responding to emergencies at the airport. The Stormwater Pollution Prevention 

Plan (SWPPP) for the airport describes the ARFF building as being located south of the main 

terminal building (Talbert & Bright, 2011). The airport ARFF building was not observed during the 

site visit, and its exact location is unknown. According to the SWPPP, the Airport fire department

stores one firetruck for emergency response.

The areas described where AFFF was used during emergency responses, or areas where AFFF 

may be potentially stored, are considered potential PFAS release areas. 

5.2 NC Helicopter and Aquatic Rescue Team (HART) FTA

The 430th Engineer Firefighting Team performs fire training exercises in an open field located offfacility and adjacent to the southwestern portion of the facility. The training involves fire 

department staff approaching the area in a firetruck and dispensing water from the vehicle 

forward-mounted nozzle while simultaneously driving the truck. This approach training simulates 

the necessary response to brush fire conditions. No live fires are ignited for the purpose of this 

training. Although this training uses only water, the firetruck used also stores AFFF. It is possible 

that AFFF contained within the truck has migrated via backflow into other lines due to the corrosive 

nature of PFAS. As such, it is possible that this water is contaminated with PFAS. According to 
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interviewees, this type of training occurs commonly on weekends and was estimated to have 

occurred approximately 50 times since 2005. The volume of water sprayed during event is 

unknown, and the type of AFFF stored on the vehicles used is unknown. Runoff from the training 

exercises likely flows into the small stream/drainage swale, bordering the FTA to the north, that 

drains west into Grants Creek. The NC HART FTA is considered a potential PFAS release area.

5.3 Salisbury Fire Station 2

The City of Salisbury Fire Department Fire Station 2 is on South Main Street in Salisbury,

approximately 1 mile east of Salisbury AASF #2, and the Rowan County Airport runway. Fire 

Station 2 was constructed in 1980 and serves the southwest portion of Salisbury. The station 

serves a mixture of residential property, numerous industries and business, and schools in the 

city, but does not typically respond to emergencies at Rowan County Airport. At least one vehicle 

stored at Salisbury Fire Station 2 has the capacity to store Class B foam, which may include AFFF. 

Due to the tendency for fire stations to store and use AFFF, and the known capacity to store Class 

B foam by a firefighting vehicle, Salisbury Fire Station 2 is considered a potential PFAS release 

area.

5.4 Rowan County Landfill

Rowan County Landfill is located adjacent to the west of the facility, along National Guard Road. 

The landfill is a 222-acre parcel owned by Rowan County and operated from the early 1960’s until 

1980. Detailed maps of the landfill were not available during this PA, but interviewees identified 

locations where dumping took place during the site visit. Landfills are not usually a primary 

potential release area of PFAS, but materials disposed of in landfills may create a secondary 

source of contamination. Such materials may include used AFFF storage containers or products 

associated with waterproofing uniforms or boots. As such, the Rowan County Landfill is 

considered a potential PFAS release area.

5.5 Wastewater Treatment Plants

There is no WWTP located at Salisbury AASF #2. WWTPs are not usually a primary potential 

release area of PFAS, but PFAS-containing liquids and sludges processed at a WWTP could

create a secondary source of contamination. Salisbury Rowan Utilities operates two WWTPs in 

the city of Salisbury: The Grant Creek and Town Creek WWTPs. The Grant Creek WWTP is 

located approximately 6.5 miles northeast of the Salisbury AASF #2, and the Town Creek WWTP 

is located approximately 6.5 miles east/northeast of the facility. Both WWTPs discharge treated 

wastewater to the Yadkin River. Additionally, biosolids generated at the WWTPs are applied to 

animal agricultural land (City of Salisbury, 2020). The locations where biosolids have been applied 

to agricultural lands is unknown. Based on the potential release of PFAS in areas at Salisbury 

AASF #2 that discharge to sanitary sewers, as well as other adjacent sources of potential PFAS 

release, the WWTPs are considered potential PFAS release areas. The two WWTPs are not 

shown on Figure 5-1, however, due to their distance from the facility.
Rowan

County

Landfill

Apache Fuel

Tank Spill

Small Plane Fire

NC HART 

Training Area

Salisbury Fire Station 2

Mid-Carolina

Regional Airport

Terminal Building

Grants Creek

Town Creek

0 550 1,100 2,200

Feet

Legend

Potential PFAS Release

Facility Boundary

River/Stream

Adjacent Sources

Figure 5-1

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Town Creek

WWTP

Grant

Creek WWTP

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6. Preliminary Conceptual Site Model

Based on the PA findings, four AOIs were identified at the facility that encompass the numerous 

areas where PFAS-containing materials have been stored or used: 

• AOI 1 Southern Portion of Salisbury AASF #2

• AOI 2 Central Portion of Salisbury AASF #2

• AOI 3 Northern Portion of Salisbury AASF #2. 

• AOI 4 NC HART FTA

Locations of the AOIs are shown on Figure 6-1. Except for AOI 4, all AOIs were located on land 

licensed to NCARNG. AOI 4 is located on off-facility, adjacent property but is solely used by 

NCARNG for fire training purposes. The following sections describe the CSM components and 

the specific preliminary CSMs developed for each AOI. The CSM identifies the three components 

necessary for a potentially complete exposure pathway: (1) source, (2) pathway, (3) receptor. If 

any of these elements are missing, the pathway is considered incomplete.

6.1 Pathways

In general, the potential PFAS exposure pathways are ingestion and inhalation. Human exposure 

via the dermal contact pathway may occur, and current risk practice suggests it is an insignificant 

pathway compared to ingestion; however, exposure data for dermal pathways are sparse and 

continue to be the subject of PFAS toxicological study (National Ground Water Association, 2018).

Known and potential AFFF releases identified at the facility occurred on both surface soil and 

paved surfaces. Releases to the paved surfaces could have migrated a short distance onto the 

surrounding surface soil. Activities, including ground-disturbing construction, in these grassy 

areas may result in potential exposure to PFAS in surface soils via ingestion and inhalation of 

dust particles. AFFF releases to the paved surfaces could have infiltrated the subsurface via 

cracks in the pavement or joints between areas that are paved with different materials and may 

have infiltrated subsurface soil in the grassy areas. As such, ground-disturbing activities may 

result in potential exposure to PFAS in subsurface soils. Because depth to groundwater beneath 

the adjacent closed landfill can be relatively shallow, it is possible that ground-disturbing activities 

at Salisbury AASF #2 could also result in exposure to PFAS in groundwater via ingestion. 

PFAS are water soluble and can migrate readily from soil to groundwater via leaching; however,

drinking water at the Salisbury AASF #2 is provided by Salisbury-Rowan Utilities. SalisburyRowan Utilities sources its water from intakes at the confluence of the South Yadkin River and 

the Yadkin River, located approximately 8 miles northeast of the facility. Although no drinking water 

wells exist at the Salisbury AASF #2, numerous public supply wells exist within 4 miles of the 

facility in all directions, which may result in potential exposure via ingestion of groundwater.

Surface water runoff across Rowan County Airport entering the airport stormwater sewer system 

directs flow towards a channel that flows northward feeding into Grants Creek, which eventually 

flows into the Yadkin River. General surface runoff across the southern portion of Salisbury AASF 

#2 may also flow towards a drainage swale off-facility that flows downslope to the west, towards 

Grants Creek. In the northern portion of the facility, topography and a concrete drainage structure

conveys surface water runoff to the north into the wooded area northwest of the facility. Runoff to 

the north also drains to Grants Creek. It is possible PFAS could migrate via runoff to the nearby 

creek and larger bodies of water, including the Yadkin River, which may result in potential 

exposure via ingestion of surface water and sediment.
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Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

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6.2 Receptors

Receptors at the Salisbury AASF #2 facility include site workers, construction workers, off-facility 

recreational users of the surround creeks and waterways, and off-facility residents. These 

receptors, as they pertain to the facility, are described below:

• Site workers typically work at or use the site and may come into contact with the surface soils.

• Construction workers are considered workers who represent a utility worker or other worker

who would be exposed to surface and/or subsurface conditions through ground-disturbing 

activities. 

• Off-facility recreational users typically identify a person who may recreationally use an offfacility area that may be affected by a PFAS release from the facility. Off-facility recreational 

users could be exposed to sediment and surface water during recreational use.

• Off-facility residents identify receptors who occupy properties outside of the Salisbury AASF

#2. Off-facility residents may come into contact with groundwater using unregistered, private, 

domestic wells, or public supply wells. 

The preliminary CSMs for the Salisbury AASF #2 indicate which specific receptors could 

potentially be exposed to PFAS. The preliminary CSM is shown on Figure 6-2.

6.3 AOI #1 Southern Portion of the Salisbury AASF #2

AOI 1 encompasses the Current Aircraft Apron FTA, Aircraft Apron Fuel Spills, Defueling Pad,

Current Firehouse, and the grassy areas surrounding the potential release areas. Based on PA 

findings, these are areas of known or suspected AFFF use and storage. 

Potentially PFAS-laden water was dispensed at FTA during training events towards the grassy 

area at the southwest corner of the apron and may migrate via runoff towards a drainage swale 

that flows downslope to the west, towards Grants Creek. AFFF has been used in response to 

historical fuel spills as a preventative measure to combat potential fires across the Aircraft Apron

and Defueling Pad. Tri-MaxTM 30 fire extinguishers have also been stored on the apron at various 

times. The Current Firehouse stores AFFF on firefighting vehicles and previously stored AFFF in 

5-gallon buckets. Tri-MaxTM 30 fire extinguishers are also stored outside on the southern side of 

the current fire house. Additionally, the firefighting vehicles are washed outside the firehouse. 

Surface runoff across these areas generally flows west via sheet flow or the drainage swale at 

the southern boundary of the facility to the west towards Grants Creek. Potential PFAS exposure 

pathways resulting from releases at AOI 1 are described in Table 6-1.

Table 6-1: Exposure Pathways at the AOIs

Pathway Receptor

Surface Soil Considered a potentially complete pathway to site workers, and 

construction workers via ingestion or inhalation of dust

Subsurface Soil Considered a potentially complete pathway to construction workers via 

ingestion or inhalation of dust

Surface Water 

and Sediment

Considered a potentially complete pathway to off-facility recreational 

users via ingestion

Groundwater Considered a potentially complete pathway to construction workers and 

off-facility residents via ingestion
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

27

6.4 AOI #2: Central Portion of Salisbury AASF #2

AOI 2 encompasses the Former Firehouse #2, Historical Firetruck Washing Area, Former TriMaxTM Demonstration FTA, Wash Rack, Former Firetruck Parking Area, Drainage Swale, and 

grassy areas surrounding the potential release areas. Based on PA findings, these are areas of 

known or suspected AFFF use and storage. 

Firetrucks containing AFFF and “protein foam” were historically stored at the Former Firehouse 

#2 and washed in the adjacent areas. AFFF concentrate in buckets and Tri-MaxTM units were also 

stored in the Allied storage area adjacent to Former Firehouse #2. Although no known PFAS 

releases have occurred at the Wash Rack, its previous uncertain use as a wash area may have 

resulted in PFAS being rinsed from vehicles and equipment. Tri-MaxTM units were discharged on 

the asphalt-paved area between the Current Firehouse and Former Firehouse #2 as a part of 

firefighting demonstrations at the former FTA. Demonstrations took place in the 1990s, but the 

exact timeframe of use and the total volume of AFFF released during demonstration events is 

unknown. AFFF, protein-based foam, or PFAS-laden water may have been released from the 

vehicles to the pavement and nearby grassy areas at the Former Firetruck Parking area. 

Surface runoff across areas are anticipated to generally flow west, via sheet flow, towards Grants 

Creek. Surface flow reaching National Guard Road may be conveyed to the north along the road 

surface. A concrete drainage structure on the north side of the AOI also conveys water away from 

the firehouse into the Drainage Swale, located in a wooded area to the north. Potential PFAS 

exposure pathways resulting from releases at AOI 2 are described in Table 6-1.

6.5 AOI #3: Northern Portion of Salisbury AASF #2

AOI 3 encompasses the Former Firehouse #1, Firetruck Parking (2014-2015), Ornamental 

Firetruck Parking Location (2016), Former Live Fire FTA, and the grassy and paved areas 

surrounding the potential release areas. Based on PA findings, these are areas of known or 

suspected AFFF use and storage. 

Firetrucks containing AFFF and “protein foam” were historically stored, as well as AFFF 

concentrate in 5-gallon buckets at the Former Firehouse #1. AFFF was dispensed from a TriMaxTM 30 fire extinguisher at the FTA at least once. AFFF sprayed in this area would have been 

released to the gravel ground surface in the 1990s, but the exact timeframe and the total volume, 

type, and concentration of AFFF released during training are unknown.AFFF, protein-based foam, 

or PFAS-laden water may have been released from the vehicles to the pavement and nearby 

grassy areas at the Firetruck Parking (2014-2015) and, Ornamental Firetruck Parking Location 

(2016).

Surface runoff across the areas are anticipated to generally flow north and west via sheet flow 

towards Grants Creek, via National Guard Road, and via the concrete drainage structure on the 

west side of the AOI. Potential PFAS exposure pathways resulting from releases at AOI 3 are 

described in Table 6-1.

6.6 AOI #4: NC HART FTA

AOI 4 encompasses the open field located off-facility and adjacent to the southwestern portion of 

the facility where the 430th Engineer Firefighting Team performs fire training exercises. Although 

this training uses only water, the firetruck used also stores AFFF. It is possible that AFFF contained 

within the truck has migrated via backflow into other lines due to the corrosive nature of PFAS. As 

such, it is possible that this water is contaminated with PFAS. 
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

28

Runoff from the training exercises likely flows into the small stream/drainage swale, bordering the 

FTA to the north, that drains west into Grants Creek. Potential PFAS exposure pathways resulting 

from releases at AOI 4 are described in Table 6-1.
!C(

Row an County Landfill

Ap ache Fuel

Tank Sp ill

Small Plane Fire

NC HART 

Training Area

Salisb ury Fire Station 2

Mid-Carolina

Regional Airp ort

Terminal Building

Up p er Grants

Creek Watershed

Tow n of

Sp encer-Headw aters

Crane Creek Watershed

Low er Grants

Creek Watershed

Grants Creek

Town Creek

AOI 2

AOI 1

AOI 3

AOI 4

0 550 1,100 2,200

Feet

­ Figure 6-1

CLIENT

REVISED

SCALE

PROJECT

ARNG

Preliminary Assessment for PFAS at Salisbury AASF #2, NC

7/23/2020

7/23/2020

7/23/2020

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ZN

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GIS BY

CHK BY

PM

Base Map: Source: Esri, Maxar, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS,

USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, and the GIS User Community

7/23/2020

1:12,000

C:\Users\stankevichm\OneDrive - AECOM Directory\ARNG_PFAS_GIS_60552172\MXDs\NC\Salisbury_AASF_Figures\Salisbury_AASF_PA_Figures\Fig_6-1_Salisbury_AASF_AOIs.mxd

Area of Interest

Potential PFAS Release

No Suspected Release

Facility Boundary

Water Body

River/Stream

Surface Water Flow Direction

Inferred Groundwater Flow Direction

!C( Public Water Supply

Areas of Interest

12420 Milestone Center Drive

Germantown, MD 20876

Historical Firetruck

Washing Area

Former Firetruck Park ing

Wash Rack

Drainage Sw ale

AOI 1

AOI 3

AOI 2

Row an County Landfill

Armory

Historical Aircraft 

Ap ron Fuel Sp ills

Current Aircraft Ap ron FTA

Former Firehouse #2

Former Live-Fire FTA

Current Firehouse

Army Aviation Flight

Activity Facility

Former Firehouse #1

Defueling Pad

Firetruck Park ing (2014-2015)

Former Tri-MaxTM

Demonstration FTA

Current Firehouse

Tri-MaxTM Storage

Ornamental Firetruck

Park ing Location (2016)

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Tow n Creek

WWTP

Grant

Creek WWTP

29
30
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

31

7. Conclusions

This report presents a summary of available information gathered during the PA on the use and 

storage of AFFF and other PFAS-related activities at the Salisbury AASF #2. The PA findings are 

based on the information presented in Appendix A, Appendix B and Appendix C.

7.1 Findings

Four AOIs related to potential PFAS releases were identified (Table 7-1) at the Salisbury AASF 

#2 during the PA (Figure 7-1):

Table 7-1. AOIs at Salisbury AASF #2

Area of Interest Name Used by Release Date

AOI 1 Southern Portion of the 

Salisbury AASF#2

NCARNG Unknown (1979-present)

AOI 2 Central Portion of the 

Salisbury AASF#2

NCARNG Unknown (1979-present)

AOI 3 Northern Portion of the 

Salisbury AASF#2

NCARNG Unknown (1979-present)

AOI 4 NC HART FTA NCARNG 2005-present

Based on potential PFAS release at these AOIs, there is potential for exposure to PFAS 

contamination in media at or near the facility. Potential off-facility PFAS release areas also exist 

adjacent to the Salisbury AASF #2 on Mid-Carolina Regional Airport property. Because these 

areas include property potentially upgradient of the facility, it is unknown whether off-facility 

sources affect the Salisbury AASF #2. The preliminary CSM for the Salisbury AASF #2 is shown 

on Figure 6-2.

The following areas at the Salisbury AASF #2 discussed in Section 2 through Section 4 were 

determined to have no suspected release:

Table 7-2. Determinations of No Suspected Release

No Suspected 

Release Area Used by Rationale for No Suspected Release Determination

Army Aviation 

Flight Activity 

Facility

NCARNG

Based on interviewee-provided information and site visit 

observations, the Hangar has never been used to storeAFFF 

or other PFAS-containing firefighting materials, does not 

have an AFFF fire suppression system, and has not been the 

location of any emergencies requiring AFFF response.

Armory NCARNG

Readily available information indicates no evidence of AFFF 

stored or use at this location since the construction of the 

Armory. The footprint of Former Firehouse #1, which is 

adjacent to the current Armory location, is included as a 

potential PFAS release area.

7.2 Uncertainties

A number of information sources were investigated during this PA to determine the potential for 

PFAS-containing materials to have been present, used, or released at the facility. Historically, 
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

32

documentation of PFAS use was not required because PFAS were considered benign. Therefore, 

records were not typically kept by the facility or available during the PA on the use of PFAS in 

training, firefighting, or other non-traditional activities, or on its disposition.

The conclusions of this PA are based on all available information, including: previous 

environmental reports, EDRsTM, observations made during the VSI, and interviews. Interviews of 

personnel with direct knowledge of a facility generally provided the most useful insights regarding 

a facility's historical and current PFAS-containing materials. Sometimes the provided information 

was vague or conflicted with other sources. Gathered information has a degree of uncertainty due 

to the absence of written documentation, the limited number of personnel with direct knowledge 

due to staffing changes, the time passed since PFAS was first used (1969 to present), and a 

reliance on personal recollection. Inaccuracies may arise in potential PFAS release locations, 

dates of release, volume of releases, and the concentration of AFFF used. There is also a 

possibility the PA has missed a source of PFAS, as the science of how PFAS may enter the 

environment continually evolves.

In order to minimize the level of uncertainty, readily available data regarding the use and storage 

of PFAS were reviewed, multiple persons were interviewed for the same potential source area, 

and potential source areas were visually inspected. Table 7-3 summarizes the uncertainties 

associated with the PA:

Table 7-3. Uncertainties

Area of Interest Source of Uncertainty

Current Aircraft Apron 

FTA

The frequency of training events and timeframe in which use of this 

FTA began is unknown. It is unclear whether water sprayed at this 

location contained PFAS. Because the FTA is only bound generally, 

it is unclear exactly how runoff flows from the FTA.

Former Tri-MaxTM

Demonstration FTA

The frequency of demonstration events and exact timeframe of use 

is unknown. The total volume, type, and concentration of AFFF 

released during the demonstration events is unknown.

Former Live-Fire FTA The frequency of demonstration events and exact timeframe of use 

of the FTA is unknown. Only one known training event used AFFF. 

The total volume type, and concentration of AFFF released during the 

training event using AFFF is unknown.

Current Firehouse It is unknown how and when the 100 gallons AFFF concentrate 

previously stored in 5-gallon buckets at the Former Firehouse #2

were disposed of. It is also unclear why the volume of AFFF stored in 

the TFFT decreased on two separate occasions. If leaks occurred, it 

is unknown where the vehicle was stored during the leak. It is 

unknown whether floor drains connect to sanitary system sewers.

Former Firehouse #1 The brand and contents of the “protein foam” stored on firefighting 

vehicles are unknown but conservatively assumed to potentially 

contain PFAS. It is unknown whether floor drains connect to sanitary 

system sewers.

Former Firehouse #2 The frequency and the methods for washing firetrucks are unknown. 

It is also unknown whether floor drains connect to sanitary system 

sewers.

Aircraft Apron The total number of fuel spills requiring AFFF response across the 

apron is unknown. The volume, type, and concentration of AFFF used 

during spill responses are unknown. The locations where Tri-MaxTM
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

33

units have been stored on the apron, as well as the components of 

the “fluoroprotein” contained in them, are also unknown.

Wash Rack Use of the wash area before the construction of the Wash Rack is 

unclear. It is possible that vehicles and equipment exposed to PFAS 

were rinsed at this location prior to the construction of the Wash Rack.

Armory The extent to which the current Armory footprint and the Former 

Firehouse #1 overlap is unclear. It is also unknown if any remnant 

infrastructure were used for the construction of the Armory. 

Drainage Swale The drainage pattern from the Drainage Swale is unknown but is 

presumed to flow north along National Guard Road before infiltrating 

into the ground or draining into a tributary of Grants Creek.

Potential off-facility PFAS release areas exist adjacent to the Salisbury AASF #2. Because these 

areas include property upgradient of the facility, it is unknown whether or not potential PFAS 

contamination from adjacent off-facility sources have migrated towards Salisbury AASF #2 via 

groundwater or surface water flow.

7.3 Potential Future Actions

Interviews with personnel whose knowledge of the facility date from 1979 to 1999, and 2005 to 

present indicate that NCARNG activity may have resulted in potential PFAS releases at the facility.

Based on the preliminary CSM developed for the AOIs, there is potential for receptors to be 

exposed to PFAS contamination in soil, groundwater, surface water, and sediment at these AOIs.

Table 7-4 summarizes the rationale used to determine if the AOIs should be considered for further 

investigation under the CERCLA process and undergo an SI.

ARNG evaluates the need for an SI at the Salisbury AASF #2 based on the presence of PFAS 

releases, possible receptors, and the migration potential of PFAS contamination to receptors.

Table 7-4. PA Findings Summary

Area of Interest AOI 

Location Rationale Potential Future Action

AOI 1 Southern Portion 

of Salisbury AASF #2

35°38'48.89"N;

80°31'21.72"W

AOI 1 includes known 

AFFF storage and 

release locations.

Proceed to an SI, focus on 

soil, sediment, groundwater, 

and surface water

AOI 2 Central Portion of 

Salisbury AASF #2

35°38'53.74"N;

80°31'21.08"W

AOI 2 includes known 

AFFF storage and 

release locations.

Proceed to an SI, focus on 

soil, sediment, groundwater, 

and surface water

AOI 3 Northern Portion 

of Salisbury AASF #2

35°38'58.18"N;

80°31'18.18"W

AOI 3 includes known 

AFFF storage and 

release locations.

Proceed to an SI, focus on 

soil, sediment, groundwater, 

and surface water

AOI 4 NC HART FTA 35°38'44.78"N;

80°31'37.51"W

AOI 4 was used by 

NCARNG as an FTA 

involving AFFFcontaining firetrucks.

Proceed to an SI, focus on 

soil, sediment, groundwater, 

and surface water
Row an County Landfill

Ap ache Fuel

Tank Sp ill

Small Plane Fire

NC HART 

Training Area

Salisb ury Fire Station 2

Mid-Carolina

Regional Airp ort

Terminal Building

Grants Creek

Town Creek

AOI 2

AOI 1

AOI 3

AOI 4

0 500 1,000 2,000

Feet

­ Figure 7-1

CLIENT

REVISED

SCALE

PROJECT

ARNG

Preliminary Assessment for PFAS at Salisbury AASF #2, NC

7/23/2020

7/23/2020

7/23/2020

SK

ZN

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GIS BY

CHK BY

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Base Map: Source: Esri, Maxar, GeoEye, Earthstar Geographics, CNES/Airbus DS,

USDA, USGS, AeroGRID, IGN, and the GIS User Community

7/23/2020

1:12,000

C:\Users\stankevichm\OneDrive - AECOM Directory\ARNG_PFAS_GIS_60552172\MXDs\NC\Salisbury_AASF_Figures\Salisbury_AASF_PA_Figures\Fig_7-1_Salisbury_AASF_Summary.mxd

Area of Interest

Potential PFAS Release

No Suspected Release

Facility Boundary

Water Body

River/Stream Summary of Findings

12420 Milestone Center Drive

Germantown, MD 20876

Historical Firetruck

Washing Area

Former Firetruck Park ing

Wash Rack

Drainage Sw ale

AOI 1

AOI 3

AOI 2

Row an County Landfill

Armory

Historical Aircraft 

Ap ron Fuel Sp ills

Current Aircraft Ap ron FTA

Former Firehouse #2

Former Live-Fire FTA

Current Firehouse

Army Aviation Flight

Activity Facility

Former Firehouse #1

Defueling Pad

Firetruck Park ing (2014-2015)

Former Tri-MaxTM

Demonstration FTA

Current Firehouse

Tri-MaxTM Storage

Ornamental Firetruck

Park ing Location (2016)

Tow n Creek

WWTP

Grant

Creek WWTP

34
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

35

8. References

City of Salisbury, 2020. Salisbury-Rowan Utilities Webpage. 

https://salisburync.gov/Government/Salisbury-Rowan-Utilities/About-Us#Plant. Accessed 

March 2020.

Daniel, Charles C., 1989. United States Geological Survey. Statistical Analysis Relating Well Yield 

to Construction Practices and Siting of Wells in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge Provinces 

of North Carolina.

EDRTM, 2019. Radius Map report with Geocheck. Salisbury AASF #2. Inquiry Number: 

5844301.9s. October 25, 2019.

Gair, J.E. et. al., U.S. Geological Survey. 1986. The Conterminous United States Mineral 

Assessment Program – Background Information to Accompany Folio of Geologic, 

Geophysical, Geochemical, Mineral-Occurrence, Mineral-Resource Potential, and 

Mineral-Production Maps of the Charlotte 1° x 2° Quadrangle, North Carolina and South 

Carolina

Golder Associated NC, Inc., 2018. Annual 2018 Sampling Event: Closed Rowan County Landfill, 

Permit 80-01, Rowan County, North Carolina. October 2018.

Harned, Douglas, 1989. The Hydrogeologic Framework and a Reconnaissance of Ground-Water 

Quality in the Piedmont Province of North Carolina, With a Design for Future Study. U.S. 

Geological Survey.

Heath, R.C., 1980. Basic elements of ground-water hyrology with reference to conditions in North 

Carolina. U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources.

Horton, Wright & Zullo, Victor, 1991. Carolina Geological Society Fiftieth Anniversary Volume. The 

Geology of the Carolinas.

National Ground Water Association, 2018. Groundwater and PFAS: State of Knowledge and 

Practice. January.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Online Weather Data. NowData. 2018. 

https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=gsp

USDA. Soil Survey of Rowan County, North Carolina. 1995.

Salisbury-Rowan Utilities, 2019. 

https://www.uc.edu/gissa/projects/drinkingwater/reports/Charlotte. Accessed January 

2020.

Talbert & Bright, 2011. Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan for Rowan County Airport.

USEPA, 1991. Guidance for Performing Preliminary Assessments under CERCLA. EPA/540/G91/013. September 1991.

US Fish and Wildlife Service, 2020. National Wetlands Inventory Mapper: Surface Waters and 

Wetlands Mapper. https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/data/mapper.html. January 2020.

USGS, 2020. National Water Information System Mapper. 

https://maps.waterdata.usgs.gov/mapper/index.html. Accessed March 2020.
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Appendix A

Data Resources
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Data Resources will be provided separately on CD. Data Resources for the Salisbury AASF #2

include:

Salisbury AASF #2 Leases, Licenses, and Permits

• Memorandum of Lease between State of North Carolina and Rowan County from 2002 to 

2099

Salisbury AASF #2 Engineering As-Built Drawings

• Relevant as-built drawings for fire suppression system, sewer connections, and site 

drainage.

Salisbury AASF #2 Facility Background Information

• 2008 Rowan County Airport Master Plan

• 2011 Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan for Rowan County Airport

Salisbury AASF #2 EDR Report

• 2019 Salisbury AASF #2 EDR Report
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Appendix B

Preliminary Assessment Documentation
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Appendix B.1

Interview Records



PA Interview Questionnaire – Fire Station Facility:_Salisbury AASF__

Interviewer:__ZN____________

Date/Time:_10/23/2019 0900__

Interviewee:_____SGT Groat____________

Title:_________Fire Chief________________

Phone Number:___910-334-1448___________

Email:________NA______________________

Can your name/role be used in the PA Report? Y or N 

Can you recommend anyone we can interview?

Y or N _Supply Sergeant________________________

1. Roles or activities with the Facility/years working at the Facility.

SGT Groat has been fire chief at the AASF since 2005. The current firehouse was constructed in 2006, 

which is also when the ARFF fire unit was functionally established.

2. What can you tell us about the history of AFFF at the Facility? Was it used for any of the following 

activities, circle all that apply and indicate years of active use, if known? Identify these locations on a

facility map. 

Maintenance (e.g., ramp washing) – Firetruck repairs performed off-site.

Fire Training Areas – FTA with water only at southwestern corner of aircraft apron, and in grassy field 

adjacent to the facility.

Firefighting (Active Fire) - None

Crash - None

Fire Suppression Systems (Hangers/Dining Facilities) - None

Fire Protection at Fueling Stations - None

Non-Technical/Recreational/ Pest Management - None

3. Are any current buildings constructed with AFFF dispensing systems or fire suppression systems? 

What are the AFFF/suppression system test requirements? What is the frequency of testing at the 

AFFF/suppression systems? 

No.

4. Are fire suppression systems currently charged with AFFF or have they been retrofitted for use of 

high expansion foam? 

N/A

5. How is AFFF procured? Do you have an inventory/procurement system that tracks use? 

Cannot recall the last procurement of AFFF. Have not gotten rid of any yet, but plan to get rid of 

the old Tri-Max carts. Supply SGT may know more. AFFF in buckets was here when he started, 

but it is no longer stored at the firehouse. Unclear where it went.
PA Interview Questionnaire – Fire Station Facility:_Salisbury AASF__

Interviewer:__ZN____________

Date/Time:_10/23/2019 0900__

6. What type of AFFF has been/is being used (3%, 6%, Mil Spec Mil-F-24385, High Expansion)? 

Manufacturer (3M, Dupont, Ansul, National Foam, Angus, Chemguard, Buckeye, Fire Service Plus)?

3% AFFF, unsure of brand.

7. Is AFFF formulated on base? If so, where is the solution mixed, contained, transferred, etc.?

Not formulated/mixed. It was transferred to the trucks inside the firehouse vehicle bay.

8. Where is the AFFF stored? How is it stored (tanks, 55-gallon drums, 5-gallon buckets)? What 

size are the storage tanks? Is the AFFF stored as a mixed solution (3% or 6%) or concentrated 

material?

AFFF was formerly stored in the firehouse office. It is no longer there and they are unsure where it 

went. No new AFFF has been procured or otherwise stored on site to his knowledge. 

9. How is the AFFF transferred to emergency response vehicles, suppression systems, flightline

extinguishers? Is/was there a specified area on the facility where vehicles are filled with AFFF and 

does this area have secondary containment in case of spills? How and where are vehicles storing 

AFFF cleaned/decontaminated?

During his tenure, AFFF has been transferred only to the trucks in the vehicle bay.

10. Provide a list of vehicles that carried AFFF, now and in the past, and where are/were they located? 

Two firetrucks:

• TFFT (primary firetruck), carries 120 gallons of 3% AFFF

• Tanker. Carries 50-60 gallons of 3% AFFF

They are typically parked in the firehouse vehicle bay. These are the only firetrucks they have had since the 

ARFF unit was established. There is one old truck that has not been used by this unit, it is still parked on 

site near the fuel point. Unsure if it is still operable.

11. Any vehicles have a history of leaking AFFF? Do you/did you test the vehicles spray patterns to

make sure equipment is working properly? How often are/were these spray tests performed and can

you provide the locations of these tests, now and in the past?
PA Interview Questionnaire – Fire Station Facility:_Salisbury AASF__

Interviewer:__ZN____________

Date/Time:_10/23/2019 0900__

To his knowledge neither of the trucks had developed any leaks. However, the TFFT AFFF tank had 

to be “topped” off twice with no more than 2 gallons of 3% AFFF total even though the foam had not 

been discharged. It is possible that this discrepancy was caused by an internal backflow leak in the 

truck. The issue did not persist and no repairs were made.

12. How many FTAs are/were on this facility and where are they? Locate on a map. How many FTAs 

are active and inactive? For inactive FTAs, when was the last time that fire training using AFFF 

was conducted at them? 

Two FTAs exist at the site (see map) and are actively used, but only with water. No training with 

AFFF has been performed at the site during SGT Groat’s tenure. 

FTA#1 at the southwestern corner of the aircraft apron where water is sprayed from the turret into the 

grassy/vegetated area south of the asphalt while the truck is parked on the asphalt 50-60’ away from 

the grass. Spray distance is up to 150’. AFFF was never used in these excercises.

FTA#2 in the grassy field southwest from the AASF. The ARFF unit uses this field during drill 

weekends to practice their active approaches, spraying water from the forward mounted turrets while 

moving. AFFF has never been used during this training. 

13. What types of fuels/flammables were used at the FTAs? 

None.

14. What was the frequency of AFFF use at each location? When a release of AFFF occurs during a fire 

training exercise, now and in the past, how is/was the AFFF cleaned and disposed of? Were 

retention ponds built to store discharged AFFF? Was the AFFF trickled to the sanitary sewer or 

left in the pond to infiltrate?

FTA#1 at the Aircraft Apron is used on most drill weekends to test the truck’s water spray. FTA#2 in the 

grassy field was also used on most drill weekends. SGT estimates training excercises were performed 

up to 50 times since 2005. AFFF was not used in any of the training exercises at either FTA.

15. Are there mutual aid/use agreements between county, city, local fire department? Please list, even if 

informal. If formalized, may we have a copy of the agreement? Can you recall specific times when city, 

county, state personnel came on-post for training? If so, please state which state/county agency, 

military entity? Do you have any records, including photographs to share with us?

Mutual aid with Rowan County, includes City of Salisbury and Locke Township. RUQ reportedly has a 

firetruck and could respond to emergencies at the airport. 
PA Interview Questionnaire – Fire Station Facility:_Salisbury AASF__

Interviewer:__ZN____________

Date/Time:_10/23/2019 0900__

16. Did individual units come on-post with their own safety personnel, did they also bring their own AFFF? 

Was training with AFFF part of these exercises? How were emergencies handled under these 

circumstances?

No units came on-post with AFFF. No training conducted at the AASF with external entities.

17. Did military routinely or occasionally fire train off-post? List units that you can recall used/trained at 

various areas.

There is a big academy in Charlotte, which Salisbury AASF personnel go to. Morrisville also goes, and this 

may have been when Morrisville came on to the Salisbury AASF facility due to its proximity to the 

Charlotte academy. AFFF was often used here, but not with NCARNG equipment.

They also train at the Guilford Technical Community College (GTCC). No AFFF training for them there.

18. Are there specific emergency response incident reports (i.e., aircraft or vehicle crash sites and fires)? If 

so, may we please copy these reports? Who (entity) was the responder?

No emergency response with AFFF from the AASF ARFF unit.

19. Do you have records of fuel spill logs? Was it common practice to wash away fuel spills with

AFFF? Is/was AFFF used as a precaution in response to fuel releases or emergency runway 

landings to prevent fires?

No fuel spills were washed with AFFF during his tenure.

20. Was AFFF used for forest fires or fire management on-post/off-post? If so, please describe what 

happened and who was involved?

No.

21. Can you provide any other locations where AFFF has been stored, released, or used (i.e. hangars, 

buildings, fire stations, firefighting equipment testing and maintenance areas, emergency response

sites, storm water/surface water, waste water treatment plants, and AFFF ponds)?

Only aware of it being stored at the firehouse. Currently 8 Tri-Max carts stored outside the firehouse which 

have not been used to his knowledge. 
PA Interview Questionnaire – Fire Station Facility:_Salisbury AASF__

Interviewer:__ZN____________

Date/Time:_10/23/2019 0900__

22. Are you aware of any other creative uses of AFFF? If so, how was AFFF used? What entities were 

involved?

No creative uses.

23. How is off-spec AFFF disposed (used for training, turned in, or given to a local Fire Station)? If 

applicable, do you know the name of the vendor that removes off-spec AFFF? Do you have copies of 

the manifest or B/L?

Unclear, they have not had to dispose of any or turn it in yet.

24. Do you recommend anyone else we can interview? If so, do you have contact information for them?

Supply SGT Thomas Mills may have more information about procurement of AFFF (984-661-6520). Also 

the former fire chief prior to 2005, Crystal Pierce, could have more information about past use of AFFF. 

Her contact information is not readily available.
PA Interview Questionnaire – Fire Station (Retired) Facility:_Salisbury AASF__

Interviewer:__ZN____________

Date/Time:_10/23/2019 1200__

Interviewee:_____SSG Flora__________

Title:_________Retired Firefighter_________

Phone Number:___910-334-1448___________

Email:________NA______________________

Can your name/role be used in the PA Report? Y or N 

Can you recommend anyone we can interview?

Y or N __________________________________

1. Roles or activities with the Facility/years working at the Facility.

SSG Flora was a firefighter at the Salisbury AASF from 1979 to 1999. He is currently retired. 

2. What can you tell us about the history of AFFF at the Facility? Was it used for any of the following 

activities, circle all that apply and indicate years of active use, if known? Identify these locations on a

facility map. 

Maintenance (e.g., ramp washing) – Firetruck washing performed outside the former firehouse.

Fire Training Areas – FTA on National Guard Rd and another on northeast corner of aircraft apron.

Firefighting (Active Fire) – Offsite only.

Crash - None

Fire Suppression Systems (Hangers/Dining Facilities) - None

Fire Protection at Fueling Stations - None

Non-Technical/Recreational/ Pest Management - None

3. Are any current buildings constructed with AFFF dispensing systems or fire suppression systems? 

What are the AFFF/suppression system test requirements? What is the frequency of testing at the 

AFFF/suppression systems? 

No buildings have been constructed with AFFF dispensing systems.

4. Are fire suppression systems currently charged with AFFF or have they been retrofitted for use of 

high expansion foam? 

N/A

5. How is AFFF procured? Do you have an inventory/procurement system that tracks use? 

Historically it was procured through Fort Bragg. SSG Flora procured the first AFFF at the site 

through a Fort Bragg colonel starting around 1979. 
PA Interview Questionnaire – Fire Station (Retired) Facility:_Salisbury AASF__

Interviewer:__ZN____________

Date/Time:_10/23/2019 1200__

6. What type of AFFF has been/is being used (3%, 6%, Mil Spec Mil-F-24385, High Expansion)? 

Manufacturer (3M, Dupont, Ansul, National Foam, Angus, Chemguard, Buckeye, Fire Service Plus)?

The first batch of AFFF procured around 1979 was 6% AFFF. Sometime later they transitioned to 

3%, unsure of the manufacturer and time of transition.

7. Is AFFF formulated on base? If so, where is the solution mixed, contained, transferred, etc.?

Not formulated/mixed on base.

8. Where is the AFFF stored? How is it stored (tanks, 55-gallon drums, 5-gallon buckets)? What 

size are the storage tanks? Is the AFFF stored as a mixed solution (3% or 6%) or concentrated 

material?

AFFF was always stored in 5 gallon buckets plus whatever was in the trucks and Tri-Maxes. From 

1979-1989 the firehouse was located on the northern end of the AASF facility, near where the Armory 

is located today. AFFF and three firetrucks were stored inside the firehouse during that time. The 

second firehouse (1989-2000s) had a storage facility next to it, known as Allied Storage, which housed 

the AFFF. Firetrucks were parked in the vehicle bay and outside near the flight ops building. 

During his tenure, they maintained an inventory of 300-400 gallons of AFFF on site plus whatever 

was stored in the firetrucks. 

Tri-Maxes were stored inside the first firehouse (1979-1989) and outside the second firehouse (1989-

2000s) or in the allied storage building. 

9. How is the AFFF transferred to emergency response vehicles, suppression systems, flightline 

extinguishers? Is/was there a specified area on the facility where vehicles are filled with AFFF and 

does this area have secondary containment in case of spills? How and where are vehicles storing 

AFFF cleaned/decontaminated?

Transferred near the storage locations, outside of the original firehouse and outside of the Allied 

storage building. There was no specific designated area or secondary containment. The vehicles were 

typically cleaned in/near the firetruck parking areas. Most frequently outside of the second firehouse 

(1989-2000s). 

10. Provide a list of vehicles that carried AFFF, now and in the past, and where are/were they located? 

Had a total of three firetrucks by some point in the 1980s:

• First truck (1979) was a 530C truck with 40 gallon foam capacity. It only carried Protein Foam

• Two other trucks, one additional 530C with dual agent AFFF and dry chemical, and another 

unknown model of firetruck that came from Morrisville and carried “National Protein Blood 

Foam”. One of these trucks is the one that is parked at the fuel point and is considered inoperable. 

These trucks were parked in/near the two former firehouses, and sometimes parked outside the Flight Ops 

building. They also had 12-18 Tri-Max carts, obtained in the early to mid 1990s.
PA Interview Questionnaire – Fire Station (Retired) Facility:_Salisbury AASF__

Interviewer:__ZN____________

Date/Time:_10/23/2019 1200__

11. Any vehicles have a history of leaking AFFF? Do you/did you test the vehicles spray patterns to

make sure equipment is working properly? How often are/were these spray tests performed and can

you provide the locations of these tests, now and in the past?

No recollection of leaks from the firetrucks, but small spills likely occurred during AFFF filling. 

Nozzle testing was not performed with AFFF. but 

12. How many FTAs are/were on this facility and where are they? Locate on a map. How many FTAs 

are active and inactive? For inactive FTAs, when was the last time that fire training using AFFF 

was conducted at them? 

Two FTAs existed at the site during his tenure.

Tri-Maxes were discharged at the National Guard Rd FTA and the demonstration area FTA near the 

second firehouse (1989-2000s). AFFF was only used at the National Guard Rd FTA (via Tri-Max) 

once during fire training in the 1990s. The current road did not exist at that time, but it was done in the 

same approximate area (see map). A 4’x4’ pan was filled with fuel and ignited before being 

extinguished with AFFF in the training exercise. This one-time event with AFFF may have resulted in 

up to 30 gallons of AFFF being released. All other live-fire training events at this FTA were done with 

Purple K and dry chemical agents. 

The second FTA was located near the second firehouse, where training/demonstrations were 

performed for students visiting the AASF on field trips. Live fire was not used. The exercise consisted 

of a firefighter briefly discharging foam from a Tri-Max cart at a target. No more than a few gallons 

were discharged during each event. This activity occurred about six times in total, all during the 

1990s.

13. What types of fuels/flammables were used at the FTAs? 

Fuel (likely gasoline) was used at the National Guard Rd FTA.

14. What was the frequency of AFFF use at each location? When a release of AFFF occurs during a fire 

training exercise, now and in the past, how is/was the AFFF cleaned and disposed of? Were 

retention ponds built to store discharged AFFF? Was the AFFF trickled to the sanitary sewer or 

left in the pond to infiltrate?

AFFF was only used once at the National Guard Rd FTA, a total discharge of up to 30 gallons of AFFF 

which was allowed to drain/infiltrate in the FTA. 

AFFF was used about six times at the demonstration FTA near the former firehouse, each time only a few 

gallons of AFFF were discharged. The AFFF was allowed to drain naturally, into the cement stormwater 

drainage swale into the vegetated area north of the former firehouse.

15. Are there mutual aid/use agreements between county, city, local fire department? Please list, even if 

informal. If formalized, may we have a copy of the agreement? Can you recall specific times when city, 

county, state personnel came on-post for training? If so, please state which state/county agency, 

military entity? Do you have any records, including photographs to share with us?
PA Interview Questionnaire – Fire Station (Retired) Facility:_Salisbury AASF__

Interviewer:__ZN____________

Date/Time:_10/23/2019 1200__

Mutual aid with Rowan County and RUQ. RUQ fire station responded to events at the airport. NCARNG 

firefighters have responded to at least one emergency at the airport (fuel spill) and one offsite fire at a 

chemical plant in the 1980s.

16. Did individual units come on-post with their own safety personnel, did they also bring their own AFFF? 

Was training with AFFF part of these exercises? How were emergencies handled under these 

circumstances?

No units came on-post with AFFF. No training conducted at the AASF with external entities.

17. Did military routinely or occasionally fire train off-post? List units that you can recall used/trained at 

various areas.

Live drills were done at the Rowan County College/Technical Institute and Fort Bragg.

18. Are there specific emergency response incident reports (i.e., aircraft or vehicle crash sites and fires)? If 

so, may we please copy these reports? Who (entity) was the responder?

Never had a major incident requiring AFFF that he recalls at the AASF. Several fuel spills responded to 

with AFFF.

(Offsite)In 1997, RUQ airport apache fuel tank ruptured. A seam on the forward tank busted and fuel ran 

through the fuselage. The remaining fuel in the billy tank was also drained. AASF brought two trucks over 

to the spill and got AFFF on the fuel. They used about 15-20 gallons of AFFF, and rinsed it all down the 

storm drain (see KMZ) with 10-12 tankers worth of water. 

(Offsite) Adjacent source. Small plane burnt to the ground at RUQ airport (see map/KMZ). Airport dumped 

30 gallons of AFFF. AASF did not respond to the fire. Not sure what year this was.

(Offsite) Chemical plant fire in the 1980s near Salisbury, NC. Approximately 240 gallons of AFFF were 

applied here by the AASF fire unit.

19. Do you have records of fuel spill logs? Was it common practice to wash away fuel spills with

AFFF? Is/was AFFF used as a precaution in response to fuel releases or emergency runway 

landings to prevent fires?

AFFF was applied to several fuel spills on the aircraft apron during his tenure. He recalls a few bad 

ones, where they also sprayed down the pilot/refueler because they were covered in JP-4 (see map). 

The defueling pad was also an area where AFFF was applied to several fuel spills (see map). Sand was 

also used to retain and capture spilled fuel near the defueling pad.

20. Was AFFF used for forest fires or fire management on-post/off-post? If so, please describe what 

happened and who was involved?
PA Interview Questionnaire – Fire Station (Retired) Facility:_Salisbury AASF__

Interviewer:__ZN____________

Date/Time:_10/23/2019 1200__

No.

21. Can you provide any other locations where AFFF has been stored, released, or used (i.e. hangars, 

buildings, fire stations, firefighting equipment testing and maintenance areas, emergency response

sites, storm water/surface water, waste water treatment plants, and AFFF ponds)?

Tri-Max carts were placed all throughout the aircraft apron at one time or another, at the parking pads and 

in the grass on the eastern and western sides of the apron.

There is a historical landfill bordering the facility to the northwest, may be a superfund cleanup site, which 

has had issues with groundwater contamination. Unknown whether PFAS containing materials/substances 

were disposed there.

22. Are you aware of any other creative uses of AFFF? If so, how was AFFF used? What entities were 

involved?

No creative uses.

23. How is off-spec AFFF disposed (used for training, turned in, or given to a local Fire Station)? If 

applicable, do you know the name of the vendor that removes off-spec AFFF? Do you have copies of 

the manifest or B/L?

Unsure of how they got rid of it. 

24. Do you recommend anyone else we can interview? If so, do you have contact information for them?



PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Appendix B.2

Visual Site Inspection Checklists
Visual Site Inspection Checklist

Names(s) of people performing VSI:

Recorded by:

ARNG Contact:

Date and Time:

Method of visit (walking, driving, adjacent): Walking

Source/Release Information

Site Name / Area Name / Unique ID: Salisbury AASF

Historic Site Use (Brief Description):

Current Site Use (Brief Description):

Physical barriers or access restrictions: 

1. Was PFAS used (or spilled) at the site/area? Y / N

1a. If yes, document how PFAS was used and usage time (e.g., fire fighting training 2001 to 2014):

2. Has usage been documented? Y / N

2a. If yes, keep a record (place electronic files on a disk): 

3. What types of businesses are located near the site? Industrial / Commercial / Plating / Waterproofing / Residential

3a. Indicate what businesses are located near the site

4. Is this site located at an airport/flightline? Y / N

4a. If yes, provide a description of the airport/flightline tenants:

Site / Area Acreage:

Part of RUQ Mid-Carolina airport. Site use has not changed since 1975. Adjacent to a 

historical landfill, surrounded by residential and light commercial land use.

The current AASF was constructed in 1975 and services/maintains military 

helicopters

Access to the area is restricted to AASF personnel. Access gates and fences

Yes. Two FTAs used from 1980s-1990s for Tri-Max training. Several fuel spills responded to with AFFF on 

aircraft apron from 1979-2000s. 

No documented usage.

RUQ Airport, Commercial and Industrial facilities, Residential areas

Mid-Carolina Regional Airport (RUQ)

10/23/2019 9:00

Site: Approx 37 acres

Page 1 of 4
Visual Survey Inspection Log

1. Does the facility have a fire suppression system? Y / N

1a. If yes, indicate which type of AFFF has been used:

1b. If yes, describe maintenance schedule/leaks:

1c. If yes, how often is the AFFF replaced:

1d. If yes, does the facility have floor drains and where do they lead? Can we obtain an as built drawing?

Transport / Pathway Information

1. Does site/area drainage flow off installation? Y / N

1a. If so, note observation and location:

2. Is there channelized flow within the site/area? Y / N

2a. If so, please note observation and location: 

Only for stormwater; drainage ditches around aircraft apron

3. Are monitoring or drinking water wells located near the site? Y / N

3a. If so, please note the location: 

4. Are surface water intakes located near the site? Y / N

4a. If so, please note the location: 

5. Can wind dispersion information be obtained? Y / N

5a. If so, please note and observe the location.

6. Does an adjacent non-ARNG PFAS source exist? Y / N

6a. If so, please note the source and location.

6b. Will off-site reconnaissance be conducted? Y / N

Other Significant Site Features: 

Migration Potential:

N/A

N/A

N/A

RUQ Airport may be able to provide this information

AFFF was used to respond to at least two incidents at the RUQ airport

Site drainage is directed into two drainage ditches, one north of the aircraft apron and one south. Both 

ditches drain toward Grants Creek

N/A

Page 2 of 4
Visual Survey Inspection Log

1. Has the infrastructure changed at the site/area? Y / N

1a. If so, please describe change (ex. Structures no longer exist): 

2. Is the site/area vegetated? Y / N

2a. If not vegetated, briefly describe the site/area composition:

3. Does the site or area exhibit evidence of erosion? Y / N

3a. If yes, describe the location and extent of the erosion: 

4. Does the site/area exhibit any areas of ponding or standing water? Y / N

4a. If yes, describe the location and extent of the ponding: 

Receptor Information

1. Is access to the site restricted? Y / N

1a. If so, please note to what extent:

2. Who can access the site? 

2a. Circle all that apply, note any not covered above: 

3. Are residential areas located near the site? Y / N

3a. If so, please note the location/distance: 

Most of the area near the AASF is residential and commercial.

4. Are any schools/day care centers located near the site? Y / N

4a. If so, please note the location/distance/type: 

5. Are any wetlands located near the site? Y / N

5a. If so, please note the location/distance/type: 

Some erosion can be seen at the end of the drainage swale located in the northwest portion of the facility.

Site Workers / Construction Workers / Trespassers / Residential / Recreational 

Users / Ecological

The site is fenced in, separately from the RUQ airport, and has a controlled access point.

The original firehouse used from 1979-1989 no longer exists. The Armory was built near the same location 

as the original firehouse. The aircraft apron had been expanded greatly over the years. The current firehouse 

was built in 2006. 

Significant Topographical Features: 

Page 3 of 4
Visual Survey Inspection Log

Additional Notes

A historical landfill borders the site to the northwest and is a known source of chemical contamination. It is unknown whether

PFAS containing materials/substances were disposed there.

Photographic Log

Photo ID/Name Date & Location Photograph Description

Page 4 of 4
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Appendix B.3

Conceptual Site Model Information
Preliminary Assessment – Conceptual Site Model Information

Site Name: Salisbury AASF

Why has this location been identified as a site?

Past AFFF use during fire training, including the use of Tri-Max units at the facility. The firehouse at the 

facility currently has AFFF-equipped trucks. 

Are there any other activities nearby that could also impact this location?

Yes, Mid-Carolina Regional Airport

Training Events

Have any training events with AFFF occurred at this site? Yes

If so, how often? A total of seven times between the two FTAs

How much material was used? Is it documented? One Tri-Max 30 (30 gallons) near National Guard Road 

and an indeterminate volume at the demonstration area (estimate of only a few gallons at each event)

Identify Potential Pathways: Do we have enough information to fully understand over land surface 

water flow, groundwater flow, and geological formations on and around the facility? Any direct 

pathways to larger water bodies?

Surface Water:

Surface water flow direction? South and West

Average rainfall? 57 inches per year

Any flooding during rainy season? No

Direct or indirect pathway to ditches? Direct

Direct or indirect pathway to larger bodies of water? Indirect pathway to Grant’s Creek

Does surface water pond any place on site? Not onsite.

Any impoundment areas or retention ponds? No.

Any NPDES location points near the site? Three visual monitoring outfalls that drain east of the site.

How does surface water drain on and around the flight line?

Drainage from the northern portion of the aircraft apron and northern portion of the facility drain through 

cement swales to a ditch that drains to the west towards Grant’s Creek. Drainage in the center and 

southern portions of the aircraft apron drain south into a vegetated ditch that flows west to Grant’s Creek.
Preliminary Assessment – Conceptual Site Model Information

Groundwater:

Groundwater flow direction? South and West

Depth to groundwater? 4 to 24 feet

Uses (agricultural, drinking water, irrigation)? Several PWS wells within 4 miles of the facility; all are 

upgradient or cross-gradient in relation to the facility groundwater

Any groundwater treatment systems? No known treatment systems.

Any groundwater monitoring well locations near the site? No monitoring wells identified.

Is groundwater used for drinking water? No

Are there drinking water supply wells on installation? No

Do they serve off-post populations? No

Are there off-post drinking water wells downgradient? No

Waste Water Treatment Plant:

Has the installation ever had a WWTP, past or present? No

If so, do we understand the process and which water is/was treated at the plant? N/A

Do we understand the fate of sludge waste? No biosolids identified at city WWTP.

Is surface water from potential contaminated sites treated? No. Floor drains in the firehouse are connected 

to the sanitary sewer.

Equipment Rinse Water

1. Is firefighting equipment washed? Where does the rinse water go?

It is washed on the western side of the firehouse. Rinse water is allowed to drain naturally toward the 

drainage ditch south of the aircraft apron.

2. Are nozzles tested? How often are nozzles tested? Where are nozzles tested? Are nozzles cleaned after 

use? Where does the rinse water flow after cleaning nozzles?

Nozzle testing is not performed at the AASF. 

3. Other? N/A
Preliminary Assessment – Conceptual Site Model Information

Identify Potential Receptors: 

Site Worker: Y

Construction Worker : Y

Recreational User: Y (offsite surface water/sediment)

Residential: Y (for surface water only)

Child: N

Ecological: N

Note what is located near by the site (e.g. daycare, schools, hospitals, churches, agricultural, livestock)?

RUQ Airport and several commercial establishments. 

Documentation

Ask for Engineering drawings (if applicable).

Has there been a reconstruction or changes to the drainage system? When did that occur?

Changes to the drainage system were not provided in the as-built drawings.
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Appendix C

Photographic Log
Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and 

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

APPENDIX C – Photographic Log

Army National Guard, Preliminary 

Assessment for PFAS Salisbury AASF Salisbury, North Carolina

Photograph No. 1

Description:

Eight Tri-Max 30TM

extinguishers stored along the 

southern wall of the firehouse. 

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 

Photograph No. 2

Description:

An additional AFFF 

extinguisher stored with the 

Tri-Max 30TMextinguishers. 

This unit is also assumed to 

contain PFAS agents. 

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 
Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and 

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

APPENDIX C – Photographic Log

Army National Guard, Preliminary 

Assessment for PFAS Salisbury AASF Salisbury, North Carolina

Photograph No. 3

Description:

Current Aircraft Apron FTA 

taken from the southwest 

corner of the apron looking 

southwest. 

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 

Photograph No. 4

Description:

Front view of the TFFT 

parked in the firehouse vehicle 

bay. 

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 
Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and 

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

APPENDIX C – Photographic Log

Army National Guard, Preliminary 

Assessment for PFAS Salisbury AASF Salisbury, North Carolina

Photograph No. 5

Description:

The second firetruck parked 

inside the firehouse, known as 

the tanker.

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 

Photograph No. 6

Description:

The former firetruck parking 

area outside the Flight Ops 

Building, taken from the 

northern end of the aircraft 

apron looking east.

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 
Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and 

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

APPENDIX C – Photographic Log

Army National Guard, Preliminary 

Assessment for PFAS Salisbury AASF Salisbury, North Carolina

Photograph No. 7

Description:

The former Tri-Max 

demonstration area. The 

northern wall of the current 

firehouse is visible to the 

right. The vantage point was 

located near the former 

firehouse looking toward the 

southeast. 

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 

Photograph No. 8

Description:

The former firehouse (1989-

2000s), looking north. This 

building was repurposed as a 

GSE storage and maintenance 

building. 

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 
Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and 

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

APPENDIX C – Photographic Log

Army National Guard, Preliminary 

Assessment for PFAS Salisbury AASF Salisbury, North Carolina

Photograph No. 9

Description:

The drainage swale located 

adjacent to the former 

firehouse (1989-2000s). Taken 

looking to the north in the 

same direction as drainage

flow. 

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 

Photograph No. 10

Description:

Looking north at the Armory. 

This building stands in the 

approximate area where the 

first firehouse had once 

existed (1979-1989). 

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 
Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and 

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

APPENDIX C – Photographic Log

Army National Guard, Preliminary 

Assessment for PFAS Salisbury AASF Salisbury, North Carolina

Photograph No. 11

Description:

Various images taken of a film 

forming fluoroprotein (FFFP) 

foam extinguisher located near 

the center of the flightline. 

The labels indicate the 

presence of fluorinated 

compounds in a mixture of 

hydrolyzed proteins. These 

extinguishers are found 

throughout the aircraft apron.

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 

Photograph No. 12

Description:

Located next to the FFFP 

extinguisher, this Amerex

extinguisher is visibly smaller 

and is charged with Purple K. 

These extinguishers are found 

throughout the aircraft apron.

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 
Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and 

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

APPENDIX C – Photographic Log

Army National Guard, Preliminary 

Assessment for PFAS Salisbury AASF Salisbury, North Carolina

Photograph No. 13

Description:

Looking east to the parking 

area adjacent to the fuel point 

at the former firetruck. 

Date Taken:

23 October 2019 

Photograph No. 14

https://fire-station.com/portfolio/nc-national-guard-arff-station/

Description:

Photograph accessed from the 

architect’s website after 

construction of the current 

firehouse showing the former 

firetruck in the vehicle bay.

Date Taken:

2006 
Preliminary Assessment Report

Salisbury AASF #2, North Carolina

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and 

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

APPENDIX C – Photographic Log

Army National Guard, Preliminary 

Assessment for PFAS Salisbury AASF Salisbury, North Carolina

Photograph No. 15

https://fire-station.com/portfolio/nc-national-guard-arff-station/

Description:

Photograph accessed from the 

architect’s website after 

construction of the current 

firehouse showing AFFF 

stored in 5-gallon buckets 

inside the office room.

Date Taken:

2006