Timothy J. Skone 

(412) 386-4495

Timothy.Skone@NETL.DOE.GOV

Kristin J. Gerdes

(304) 285-4894

Kristin.Gerdes@NETL.DOE.GOV

Recommended Citation

Model Documentation and Final Report

Department of Energy: National Energy Technology Laboratory. 2009. NETL: 

Petroleum-Based Fuels Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Analysis - 2005 Baseline 

Model. www.netl.doe.gov/energy-analyses. 

Development of Baseline Data and Analysis of Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas 

Emissions of Petroleum-Based Fuels, DOE/NETL-2009/1346, November 26, 2008

NETL: Petroleum-Based Fuels Life Cycle Greenhouse 

Gas Analysis - 2005 Baseline Model

2009

Primary Contacts:

This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the

United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency

thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or

assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or

usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or

represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference therein

to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark,

manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its

endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or

any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed therein do not

necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency

thereof.

Senior Environmental Engineer

Program Analyst

Disclaimer
U.S. Consumption Results: GHG emissions by Life Cycle Stage for gasoline, diesel and jet fuel including imported finished fuels

WTW Charts: Graphs showing the results for Well-to-Wheels

WTT Charts: Graphs showing the results for Well-to-Tank

U.S. Fuels Results: GHG emissions by Life Cycle Stage for gasoline, diesel and jet fuel produced at U.S. refineries

WTW Charts_US: Graphs showing the results for Well-to-Wheels for U.S. refinery fuel production

WTT Charts_US: Graphs showing the results for Well-to-Tank for U.S. refinery fuel production; includes breakout of LC Stage 3

Imported Fuels Results: GHG emissions by Life Cycle Stage for gasoline, diesel and jet fuel for imported products

Imports_US_Comparison: Comparison of Life Cycle Stages 1-4 for U.S. produced transportation fuels and imported transportation fuels

Feedstock Extraction Summary: Results of Life Cycle Stage 1 by product category for both U.S. refined products and imported products

Crude Oil Extraction_US: Upstream emissions profiles for crude oil extraction by country for countries exporting crude oil to the U.S.

NGL & Unfinished Oils: Calculation of upstream emissions profiles for natural gas liquids and unfinished oils

Oil Sands - Bitumen: Data on Canadian oil sands

Crude Oil Extraction_Imports: Upstream emissions profiles for crude oil extraction as utilized by countries exporting products to the U.S.

Crude Oil Profiles: Estimated extraction and delivered crude oil profiles 

Feedstock Transport: Results of Life Cycle Stage 2 by product category for both U.S. refined products and imported products

Ocean Transport: Detailed information on the crude oil ocean transport (references other worksheets that are hidden)

Transport_US: Development of GHG emissions profile associated with transport of crude oil in the U.S. and transport of crude oil to foreign ports

Transport_Imports: Development of GHG emissions profile associated with transport of crude oil to foreign refineries exporting products to the U.S.

Refinery Summary: Results of Life Cycle Stage 2 by product category including calculation utilizing the allocation data

Refinery-Produced Fuels: Calculation of upstream GHG emissions associated with fuels produced and subsequently consumed in refineries

Refinery Breakout: Break out of subcategories of the refinery profile

Coal: Development of upstream emissions profile associated with bituminous coal underground mining, preparation and transportation

Fuels Consum & Emiss: Emissions and energy use associated with refineries in 2005 based primarily on data reported by EIA

H2 Block: Development of emissions and energy profiles associated with hydrogen production for use in U.S. refineries 

Flaring & Fugitive Vented CH4: Development of emissions associated with flaring from U.S. refineries and documentation of vented/fugitive emissions

Input & Production: EIA data on input to and production by U.S. refineries in 2005

Capacity & Thruput: Development of unit operation throughput utilizing EIA capacity data and estimated capacity utilization

Energy Intensities: Development of energy usage estimates by unit operation primarily utilizing Energetic data

H2 Intensities: Development of hydrogen requirements by unit operation

Allocation: Overview of the allocation process and development of volumetric contribution of each unit operation to each product 

Allocation Chart: Chart showing the percent contribution each unit operation has to each of the product categories

LC #4

Product Transport: Development of the emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage 4 for U.S. refined products and transport of imported products

Vehicle Operation: Life Cycle Stage 5 data for gasoline and diesel

Aircraft Operation: Life Cycle Stage 5 data for aircraft

Product Imports: Imports and Exports of motor gasoline, highway diesel (<500 ppm sulfur), kerosene-type jet fuel in 2005

Loss Factors: Development of loss factors used throughout the life cycle stages

Misc Factors: GHG emissions profiles for electricity, steam and natural gas, IPCC GWP factors, energy content of products and unit conversions

SA Summary: Summary of sensitivity analysis factors and results on a WTT basis

SA Inputs: Worksheet where sensitivity analysis is conducted

SA Chart Data: Sensitivity analysis results formatted for use in charts

SA Charts: Sensitivity analysis graphs

SA Raw Data: Sensitivity analysis results - hard coded values

Sensitivity

Petroleum-Based Fuels Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Analysis - 2005 Baseline Model

National Energy Technology Laboratory 

List of Worksheets - click below to go directly to each worksheet

Results LC #1 LC #2 Misc LC #3 LC #5

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Contents

2008 2
Cell Color Coding

Inputs

Calculated values

Input for which a Sensitivy Analysis Parameter can be Applied

Calculated Value for which a Sensitivy Analysis Parameter can be Applied

Default Values for Sensitivity Analysis - DO NOT CHANGE CELLS

<-Go to this page to allow circular reference and if reference errors occur for LC Stage #1-3; Press buttons

<-Select vehicle profiles here

<-Select global warming potential factors here

<-Check here to ensure all sensitivity analysis inputs have been returned to their default values

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Contents

2008 3
Return to Contents Worksheet

For CO2

kg CO2 / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 4.89 1.41 9.45 1.07 75.0 91.9 16.8

Conventional Diesel 4.46 1.30 9.22 0.860 76.6 92.4 15.8

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 4.53 1.32 5.83 0.978 77.1 89.8 12.7

For CH4

kg CH4 / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 0.0958 0.000771 0.0115 0.000597 0.00488 0.114 0.109

Conventional Diesel 0.0858 0.000698 0.0113 0.000521 0.000080 0.098 0.098

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.0878 0.000711 0.00716 0.000547 0.000528 0.097 0.097

For N2O

kg N2O / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 1.29E-04 2.83E-05 1.53E-04 2.17E-05 4.99E-03 5.32E-03 3.32E-04

Conventional Diesel 1.18E-04 2.61E-05 1.43E-04 1.70E-05 1.75E-04 4.79E-04 3.04E-04

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 1.19E-04 2.66E-05 9.06E-05 1.98E-05 2.11E-03 2.37E-03 2.56E-04

For GWP

kg CO2E / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.6 96.3 19.6

Conventional Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.878 76.65 95.0 18.4

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.7 92.9 15.1

For GWP

kg CO2E / bbl

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 35.8 7.04 47.9 5.34 375 471 96.0

Conventional Diesel 36.6 7.28 52.6 4.84 422 524 101.3

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 35.3 7.05 31.6 5.22 407 486 79.2

For GWP

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 7.6% 1.5% 10.2% 1.1% 79.6% 100.0% 20.4%

Conventional Diesel 7.0% 1.4% 10.0% 0.9% 80.7% 100.0% 19.3%

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 7.3% 1.5% 6.5% 1.1% 83.7% 100.0% 16.3%

Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel

GHG

CO2 91.9 92.4 89.8 0.447 0.345

CH4 0.114 0.098 0.097 5.52E-04 3.68E-04

N2O 0.00532 0.00048 0.00237 2.59E-05 1.79E-06

GHG (CO2E) 96.3 95.0 92.9 0.468 0.355

GHG (CO2E) Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel

Carbon Dioxide 4.89 4.46 4.53 1.41 1.30 1.32 9.45 9.22 5.83

Methane 2.39 2.14 2.19 0.0193 0.0175 0.0178 0.287 0.283 0.179

Nitrous Oxide 0.0384 0.0351 0.0355 0.00844 0.00777 0.00794 0.0457 0.0426 0.0270

GHG (CO2E) 7.32 6.64 6.76 1.44 1.32 1.35 9.78 9.550 6.036

Total Fuel Use (MOVES), Btu LHV/mile

Gasoline 4,866

Diesel 3,737

U.S. 

Refined Imports Exports

Est. 

Consumpt

ion

U.S. 

Refined 

Percent of 

Consumpt

ion

Imports 

Percent of 

Consumpt

ion

Conventional Gasoline 7,794,233 1,106,712 199,449 8,701,496 87.3% 12.7%

Conventional Diesel 2,932,578 157,164 39,299 3,050,444 94.8% 5.2%

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 1,545,825 190,049 52,611 1,683,263 88.7% 11.3%

kg/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed kg/mile traveled

Emissions by Life Cycle Stage for transportation fuels consumed in the U.S.

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

bpd

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

U.S. Consumption Results

2008 4
Return to Contents Worksheet

For CO2

kg CO2 / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For CH4

kg CH4 / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For N2O

kg N2O / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For GWP

kg CO2E / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For GWP

kg CO2E / bbl

Life Cycle Stage

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For GWP

Life Cycle Stage

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

GHG

CO2

CH4

N2O

GHG (CO2E)

GHG (CO2E)

Carbon Dioxide

Methane

Nitrous Oxide

GHG (CO2E)

Total Fuel Use (MOVES), Btu LHV/mile

Gasoline

Diesel

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

Emissions by Life Cycle Stage for transportation fuels consumed in the U.S.

Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel

1.070 0.860 0.978 75.0 76.6 77.1 91.9 92.4 89.8 16.8 15.8 12.7

0.0149 0.0130 0.0137 0.122 0.0020 0.013 2.84 2.46 2.42 2.72 2.46 2.40

0.00646 0.00507 0.00591 1.487 0.052 0.629 1.586 0.143 0.705 0.099 0.0906 0.0763

1.09 0.878 0.998 76.6 76.7 77.7 96.3 95.0 92.9 19.6 18.4 15.1

Total

Well-to-Tank

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total

Well-to-Wheels

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

U.S. Consumption Results

2008 5
Return to Contents Worksheet

Well-to-Wheels: CO2 Emissions

Well-to-Wheels: Methane Emissions

4.9 1.4

9.4

1.1

75.0

91.9

4.5 1.3

9.2

0.9

76.6

92.4

4.5 1.3 5.8 1.0

77.1

89.8

0

20

40

60

80

100

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total 

Well-to-Wheels

CO2 Emissions 

(kg CO2/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total 

Well-to-Wheels

Methane Emissions 

(kg CH4/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts

2008 6
Well-to-Wheels: N2O Emissions

Well-to-Wheels: GHG Emissions

Well-to-Wheels: GHG Emissions

0.000

0.001

0.002

0.003

0.004

0.005

0.006

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total 

Well-to-Wheels

N O Emissions 2

(kg N O/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed) 2

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

550

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

7.3 1.4

9.8

1.1

76.6

96.3

6.6 1.3

9.5

0.9

76.7

95.0

6.8 1.3 6.0 1.0

77.7

92.9

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total 

Well-to-Wheels

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts

2008 7
35.8 7.0

47.9

5.3

375

471

36.6 7.3

52.6

4.8

422

524

35.3 7.0 31.6 5.2

407

486

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total 

Well-to-Wheels

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/bbl fuel consumed)

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts

2008 8
Well-to-Wheels: GHG Emissions (stacked)

7.3 6.6 6.8

1.4 1.3 1.3

9.8 9.5

6.0

1.1 0.9 1.0

76.6 76.7 77.7

96.3 95.0

92.9

0

20

40

60

80

100

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total

Well-to-Wheels

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel consumed)

Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Conventional 

Gasoline

Conventional 

Diesel

KeroseneBased Jet Fuel

Percent of WTW GWP

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts

2008 9
EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts

2008 10
EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts

2008 11
EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts

2008 12
EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts

2008 13
Return to Contents Worksheet

CO2 Emissions

Methane Emissions

4.9

1.4

9.4

1.1

16.8

4.5

1.3

9.2

0.9

15.8

4.5

1.3

5.8

1.0

12.7

0

5

10

15

20

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total 

Well-to-Tank

CO2 Emissions 

(kg CO2/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total 

Well-to-Tank

Methane Emissions 

(kg CH4/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTT Charts

2008 14
N2O Emissions

GHG Emissions

0.0000

0.0001

0.0002

0.0003

0.0004

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total 

Well-to-Tank

N O Emissions 2

(kg N O/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered) 2

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

7.3

1.4

9.8

1.1

19.6

6.6

1.3

9.5

0.9

18.4

6.8

1.3

6.0

1.0

15.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total 

Well-to-Tank

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTT Charts

2008 15
GHG Emissions

GHG Emissions (stacked)

35.8

7.0

47.9

5.3

96.0

36.6

7.3

52.6

4.8

101.3

35.3

7.0

31.6

5.2

79.2

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total 

Well-to-Tank

GHG Emissions

(kg CO2E/bbl fuel delivered)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

7.3

6.6 6.8

1.4 1.3 1.3

9.8 9.5

6.0

1.1 0.9 1.0

19.6

18.4

15.1

0

5

10

15

20

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total

Well-to-Tank

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel delivered)

Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTT Charts

2008 16
0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Conventional 

Gasoline

Conventional 

Diesel

KeroseneBased Jet Fuel

Percent of WTT GWP

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTT Charts

2008 17
Return to Contents Worksheet

For CO2

kg CO2 / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 5.05 1.51 9.45 0.940 75.0 92.0 17.0

Conventional Diesel 4.47 1.33 9.22 0.831 76.6 92.5 15.9

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 4.71 1.41 5.83 0.869 77.1 89.9 12.8

For CH4

kg CH4 / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 0.0976 0.000816 0.0115 0.000586 0.00488 0.115 0.111

Conventional Diesel 0.0863 0.000721 0.0113 0.000518 0.000080 0.099 0.099

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.0910 0.000760 0.00716 0.000538 0.000528 0.100 0.100

For N2O

kg N2O / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 1.33E-04 3.03E-05 1.53E-04 1.84E-05 4.99E-03 5.33E-03 3.35E-04

Conventional Diesel 1.18E-04 2.68E-05 1.43E-04 1.63E-05 1.75E-04 4.79E-04 3.04E-04

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 1.24E-04 2.83E-05 9.06E-05 1.71E-05 2.11E-03 2.37E-03 2.60E-04

For GWP

kg CO2E / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.960 76.6 96.5 19.8

Conventional Diesel 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.849 76.7 95.1 18.4

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.887 77.7 93.1 15.4

For GWP

kg CO2E / bbl

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 36.9 7.52 47.8 4.70 375 472 96.9

Conventional Diesel 36.7 7.50 52.6 4.68 422 524 101.5

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 36.7 7.50 31.6 4.64 407 487 80.4

For GWP

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 7.8% 1.6% 10.1% 1.0% 79.5% 100.0% 20.5%

Conventional Diesel 7.0% 1.4% 10.0% 0.9% 80.6% 100.0% 19.4%

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 7.5% 1.5% 6.5% 1.0% 83.5% 100.0% 16.5%

Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel

GHG

CO2 92.0 92.5 89.9 0.448 0.346

CH4 0.115 0.099 0.100 5.61E-04 3.70E-04

N2O 0.00533 0.00048 0.00237 2.59E-05 1.79E-06

GHG (CO2E) 96.5 95.1 93.1 0.469 0.355

GHG (CO2E) Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel

Carbon Dioxide 5.05 4.47 4.71 1.51 1.33 1.41 9.45 9.22 5.83

Methane 2.44 2.16 2.27 0.0204 0.0180 0.0190 0.287 0.283 0.179

Nitrous Oxide 0.0397 0.0351 0.0370 0.00904 0.00799 0.00842 0.0457 0.0426 0.0270

GHG (CO2E) 7.53 6.66 7.02 1.54 1.36 1.43 9.78 9.55 6.04

Loss Factors (LC Stage #4)

Conventional Gasoline 1.00366

Conventional Diesel 1.000011

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 1.000056

Total Fuel Use (GREET), Btu LHV/mile

Conventional Gasoline 4,866

Conventional Diesel 3,737

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

Emissions by Life Cycle Stage for transportation fuels produced in U.S. refineries

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

kg/MMBtu HHV fuel consumed kg/mile traveled

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

U.S. Fuels Results

2008 18
Return to Contents Worksheet

For CO2

kg CO2 / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For CH4

kg CH4 / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For N2O

kg N2O / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For GWP

kg CO2E / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For GWP

kg CO2E / bbl

Life Cycle Stage

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

For GWP

Life Cycle Stage

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

GHG

CO2

CH4

N2O

GHG (CO2E)

GHG (CO2E)

Carbon Dioxide

Methane

Nitrous Oxide

GHG (CO2E)

Loss Factors (LC Stage #4)

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

Total Fuel Use (GREET), Btu LHV/mile

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Emissions by Life Cycle Stage for transportation fuels produced in U.S. refineries

Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel

0.940 0.831 0.869 75.0 76.6 77.1 92.0 92.5 89.9 17.0 15.9 12.8

0.0147 0.0130 0.0134 0.122 0.0020 0.013 2.88 2.47 2.50 2.76 2.47 2.49

0.00549 0.00486 0.00509 1.487 0.052 0.629 1.587 0.143 0.706 0.100 0.0906 0.0775

0.960 0.849 0.887 76.6 76.7 77.7 96.5 95.1 93.1 19.8 18.4 15.4

Total

Well-to-Tank

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total

Well-to-Wheels

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

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2008 19
Return to Contents Worksheet

Well-to-Wheels: CO2 Emissions

Well-to-Wheels: Methane Emissions

5.1 1.5

9.4

0.9

75.0

92.0

4.5 1.3

9.2

0.8

76.6

92.5

4.7 1.4 5.8 0.9

77.1

89.9

0

20

40

60

80

100

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total 

Well-to-Wheels

CO2 Emissions 

(kg CO2/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total 

Well-to-Wheels

Methane Emissions 

(kg CH4/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts_US

2008 20
Well-to-Wheels: N2O Emissions

Well-to-Wheels: GHG Emissions

0.000

0.001

0.002

0.003

0.004

0.005

0.006

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total 

Well-to-Wheels

N O Emissions 2

(kg N O/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed) 2

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

7.5 1.5

9.8

1.0

76.6

96.5

6.7 1.4

9.5

0.8

76.7

95.1

7.0 1.4 6.0 0.9

77.7

93.1

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total 

Well-to-Wheels

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts_US

2008 21
Well-to-Wheels: GHG Emissions (stacked)

7.5 6.7 7.0

1.5 1.4 1.4

9.8 9.5

6.0

1.0 0.8 0.9

76.6 76.7

77.7

96.5 95.1

93.1

0

20

40

60

80

100

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

Total

Well-to-Wheels

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel consumed)

Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Conventional 

Gasoline

Conventional 

Diesel

KeroseneBased Jet Fuel

Percent of WTW GWP

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

LC Stage #5: 

Vehicle / 

Aircraft 

Operation

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTW Charts_US

2008 22
Return to Contents Worksheet

CO2 Emissions

Methane Emissions

5.1

1.5

9.4

0.9

17.0

4.5

1.3

9.2

0.8

15.9

4.7

1.4

5.8

0.9

12.8

0

5

10

15

20

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total 

Well-to-Tank

CO2 Emissions 

(kg CO2/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

0.00

0.05

0.10

0.15

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total 

Well-to-Tank

Methane Emissions 

(kg CH4/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTT Charts_US

2008 23
N2O Emissions

GHG Emissions

0.0000

0.0001

0.0002

0.0003

0.0004

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total 

Well-to-Tank

N O Emissions 2

(kg N O/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered) 2

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

7.5

1.5

9.8

1.0

19.8

6.7

1.4

9.5

0.8

18.4

7.0

1.4

6.0

0.9

15.4

0

5

10

15

20

25

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total 

Well-to-Tank

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV fuel delivered)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTT Charts_US

2008 24
GHG Emissions (stacked)

7.5

6.7

7.0

1.5 1.4 1.4

9.8 9.5

6.0

1.0 0.8 0.9

19.8

18.4

15.4

0

5

10

15

20

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total

Well-to-Tank

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel delivered)

Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Conventional 

Gasoline

Conventional 

Diesel

KeroseneBased Jet Fuel

Percent of WTT GWP

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTT Charts_US

2008 25
6.45

5.96

3.78

1.20 1.11

0.70

0.23 0.21 0.13

0.90 0.83

0.53

0.89

1.37

0.85

0.08 0.07 0.05

9.74 9.55

6.04

0

2

4

6

8

10

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Gasoline

Diesel

Jet Fuel

Refinery

Fuels

Combustion

Steam & 

Electricity 

Acquisition

Natural 

Gas & Coal 

Acquisition

RefineryProduced 

Fuels 

Acquisition

Hydrogen 

Production*

Flaring, 

Venting, 

& Fugitive

Total 

LC Stage #3 

Domestic

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel refined)

Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

WTT Charts_US

2008 26
Return to Contents Worksheet

For CO2

kg CO2 / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 3.73 0.746 9.46 1.96 75.0 90.9 15.9

Conventional Diesel 4.25 0.587 9.22 1.38 76.6 92.0 15.4

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 3.10 0.663 5.83 1.84 77.1 88.5 11.4

For CH4

kg CH4 / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 0.0832 0.000462 0.0115 0.00068 0.0049 0.101 0.096

Conventional Diesel 0.0754 0.000275 0.0113 0.00058 0.000080 0.088 0.088

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.0625 0.000324 0.0072 0.00062 0.000528 0.071 0.071

For N2O

kg N2O / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 1.00E-04 1.46E-05 1.53E-04 4.41E-05 4.99E-03 5.30E-03 3.12E-04

Conventional Diesel 1.18E-04 1.21E-05 1.43E-04 3.02E-05 1.75E-04 4.78E-04 3.03E-04

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 7.87E-05 1.37E-05 9.06E-05 4.15E-05 2.11E-03 2.33E-03 2.25E-04

For GWP

kg CO2E / MMBtu LHV

Life Cycle Stage #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 Total WTT

Conventional Gasoline 5.84 0.762 9.79 1.99 76.6 95.0 18.4

Conventional Diesel 6.17 0.597 9.55 1.41 76.7 94.4 17.7

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 4.69 0.675 6.04 1.87 77.7 91.0 13.3

Loss Factors (LC Stage #4)

Gasoline 1.00469

Diesel 1.00001

Kerosene 1.00006

Gasoline kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV

GHG (CO2E) U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports

Carbon Dioxide 5.05 3.73 1.51 0.746 9.45 9.46 0.940 1.96 16.95 15.90

Methane 2.44 2.08 0.0204 0.0116 0.287 0.287 0.0147 0.0169 2.76 2.40

Nitrous Oxide 0.0397 0.0298 0.00904 0.00436 0.0457 0.0457 0.00549 0.0131 0.100 0.0930

GHG (CO2E) 7.53 5.84 1.54 0.762 9.78 9.79 0.960 1.99 19.8 18.4

Diesel kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV

GHG (CO2E) U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports

Carbon Dioxide 4.47 4.25 1.33 0.587 9.22 9.22 0.831 1.38 15.9 15.4

Methane 2.16 1.88 0.0180 0.00686 0.283 0.283 0.0130 0.0144 2.47 2.19

Nitrous Oxide 0.0351 0.0351 0.00799 0.00362 0.0426 0.0426 0.00486 0.00899 0.0906 0.0904

GHG (CO2E) 6.66 6.17 1.36 0.597 9.55 9.55 0.849 1.41 18.4 17.7

Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV

GHG (CO2E) U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports

Carbon Dioxide 4.71 3.10 1.41 0.663 5.83 5.83 0.869 1.84 12.82 11.44

Methane 2.27 1.56 0.0190 0.00810 0.179 0.179 0.0134 0.0156 2.49 1.76

Nitrous Oxide 0.0370 0.0235 0.00842 0.00409 0.02701 0.02701 0.00509 0.0124 0.0775 0.0669

GHG (CO2E) 7.02 4.69 1.43 0.675 6.04 6.04 0.887 1.87 15.4 13.3

Total

Well-to-Tank

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total

Well-to-Tank

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Emissions by Life Cycle Stage for transportation fuels produced in foreign refineries and imported to the U.S.

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total

Well-to-Tank

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Imported Fuels Results

2008 27
Return to Contents Worksheet

Well-to-Tank: Gasoline GHG Emissions (stacked)

Well-to-Tank: Diesel GHG Emissions (stacked)

7.5

5.8

1.5

0.8

9.8 9.8

1.0

2.0

19.8

18.4

0

5

10

15

20

U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total

Well-to-Tank

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel delivered)

Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide

6.7

6.2

1.4

0.6

9.5 9.5

0.8

1.4

18.4

17.7

0

5

10

15

20

U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total

Well-to-Tank

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel delivered)

Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Imports_US_Comparison

2008 28
Well-to-Pump: Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel GHG Emissions (stacked)

7.0

4.7

1.4

0.7

6.0 6.0

0.9

1.9

15.4

13.3

0

5

10

15

20

U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports U.S. Imports

LC Stage #1: 

Raw Material 

Acquisition

LC Stage #2: 

Raw Material 

Transport

LC Stage #3: 

Liquid Fuels 

Production

LC Stage #4: 

Product Transport 

and Refueling

Total

Well-to-Tank

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV of fuel delivered)

Nitrous Oxide Methane Carbon Dioxide

0

5

10

15

20

U.S. - This Study EU - EUCAR/ 

CONCAWE/JRC

EU - European 

Commission

Brazil - REPLAN 

Refinery

GHG Emissions 

(kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed)

Gasoline Diesel Kerosene

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Imports_US_Comparison

2008 29
EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Imports_US_Comparison

2008 30
Gasoline Diesel Kerosene Units Source/Comments Year

U.S. - This Study 9.74 9.55 6.04 kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV

EU - EUCAR/ CONCAWE/JRC 7.39 9.07 kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV

EU - European Commission 12.2 5.77 kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV Adjusted using GaBi EU-15 crude oil profile

Brazil - REPLAN Refinery 4.71 6.07 3.70 kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV

EUCAR/CONCAWE/JRC 7 8.6 kg CO2E/MJf Liquid fuels production; assume LHV

European Commission

CO2 Emissions 0.646 0.354 kg CO2/kg product LC Stage #1-3

CH4 Emissions 0.00372 0.00345 kg CH4/kg product LC Stage #1-3

N2O Emissions 1.43E-05 7.27E-06 kg N2O/kg product LC Stage #1-3

Brazilian REPLAN Refinery

CO2 Emissions 0.382 0.390 0.312 kg CO2/kg product LC Stage #1-3

CH4 Emissions 0.00589 0.00593 0.00583 kg CH4/kg product LC Stage #1-3

N2O Emissions 6.56E-06 6.64E-06 5.83E-06 kg N2O/kg product LC Stage #1-3

EU-15 Delivered Crude Oil 29.6 29.6 29.6 kg CO2E/bbl crude oil Derived from GaBi 4 2007 2002

Brazil Delivered Crude Oil 41.8 41.8 41.8 kg CO2E/bbl crude oil Derived from GaBi 4 2007 2002

Crude Oil to Product Conversion Factor 1.07 1.07 1.07 bbl product/bbl crude oil U.S. Profile

Product Density 2.79 3.21 3.04 kg/gal

Product Heating Value 4.89 5.51 5.23 MMBtu LHV/bbl

Comparison to Foreign Refinery Studies

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Imports_US_Comparison

2008 31
Return to Contents Worksheet

Conventional 

Gasoline

Conventional 

Diesel

KeroseneBased Jet FuelResidual Fuel 

Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends Total

kg CO2/bbl refined 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.6 24.6

kg CO2/MMBtu LHV 5.04 4.47 4.71

kg CH4/bbl refined 0.476 0.476 0.476 0.476 0.476 0.476 0.476

kg CH4/MMBtu LHV 0.0973 0.0863 0.0910

kg N2O/bbl refined 0.000649 0.000649 0.000649 0.000649 0.000649 0.000649 0.000649

kg N2O/MMBtu LHV 0.000133 0.000118 0.000124

Total Production (bpd) 7,815,792 3,954,378 1,611,395 627,600 834,877 1,683,562 753,830 17,281,433

4.892 5.512 5.230

Quantity Input to 

U.S. Refineries CO2

 Emissions CH4 Emissions N2O Emissions CO2 Emissions CH4 Emissions N2O Emissions GWP

bpd kg CO2

/day kg CH4/day kg N2O/day

kg CO2/bbl 

extracted

kg CH4/bbl 

extracted

kg N2O/bbl 

extracted

kg CO2E/bbl 

extracted

Crude oil mix to U.S. refineries 15,220,088 401,631,664 7,867,519 10,598 26.3 0.515 0.000694 39.4

Conventional crude oil 14,692,542 346,354,776 7,737,098 9,102 23.5 0.525 0.000618 36.8

Canadian oil sands 527,545 55,276,887 130,421 1,495 104 0.247 0.002827 111.5

NGL 432,044 2,302,453 45,496 125 5.33 0.105 0.000288 8.0

Unfinished Oils 569,126 21,806,095 309,722 499 38.3 0.544 0.000877 52.2

Total 16,221,258 425,740,211 8,222,737 11,222 26.2 0.506 0.000690 39.0

CO2 Emissions

 Methane Emissions 

This worksheet summarizes the GHG emissions associated with crude oil extraction, Canadian oil sands production, unfinished oils production and 

natural gas liquids production as used as feedstocks to U.S. and foreign refineries. The emissions are per barrel of feedstock delivered to the refinery; 

thus, losses associated with crude oil transport are incorporated. For the emissions assigned to refinery products, the emissions are per barrel or 

MMBtu of product refined. Conversion from barrels of crude oil to barrels of product for imported products is based on the same ratio occurring at 

U.S. refineries in 2005.

N2O Emissions

Average product energy content (MMBtu LHV/bbl)

Summary of U.S. Refinery Feedstock Extraction and Production GHG Emissions Profile

Life Cycle Stages #1 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product for Feedstocks to U.S. Refineries

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Feedstock Extraction Summary

2008 32
Conventional 

Gasoline

Conventional 

Diesel

KeroseneBased Jet Fuel

kg CO2/bbl refined 18.2 23.42 16.23

kg CO2/MMBtu LHV 3.72 4.25 3.10

kg CH4/bbl refined 0.405 0.415 0.327

kg CH4/MMBtu LHV 0.0828 0.0754 0.0625

kg N2O/bbl refined 0.000487 0.000650 0.000412

kg N2O/MMBtu LHV 0.0000996 0.000118 0.0000787

Product Quantity Imported CO2

 Emissions CH4 Emissions N2O Emissions

bbl product/day

kg CO2/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg CH4/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg N2O/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

Conventional Gasoline 1,106,712 19.3 0.431 0.000518

Conventional Diesel 157,164 24.9 0.441 0.000690

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 190,049 17.2 0.347 0.000437

Crude Oil to Product Conversion Factor 1.065 bbl product refined/bbl input delivered

Crude Oil Loss Factor 1.00286 bbl extracted/bbl delivered

N2O Emissions

Life Cycle Stages #1 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product for Feedstocks to Foreign Refineries

Summary of Foreign Refinery Feedstock Extraction and Production GHG Emissions Profile

CO2 Emissions

 Methane Emissions 

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Feedstock Extraction Summary

2008 33
Return to Contents Worksheet

Country Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

Algeria 5,485,901 kg CO2/day

Angola 18,981,618 kg CO2/day

Canada 26,559,782 kg CO2/day

Ecuador 5,916,841 kg CO2/day

Iraq 7,014,384 kg CO2/day

Kuwait 3,047,187 kg CO2/day

Mexico 30,386,139 kg CO2/day

Nigeria 70,604,617 kg CO2/day

Saudi Arabia 16,214,134 kg CO2/day

Venezuala 20,459,805 kg CO2/day

Other 36,534,143 kg CO2/day

United States 104,627,748 kg CO2/day

Total 345,832,299 kg CO2/day

Mix to U.S. Refineries 23.5 kg CO2/bbl extracted

Country

Quantity Input 

to U.S. Units Source/Comments Year

Algeria 228,381 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005

Angola 455,249 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005

Canada Conventional* 1,102,578 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005

Ecuador 275,973 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005

Iraq 522,805 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005

Kuwait 222,548 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005

Mexico 1,553,496 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005

Nigeria 1,076,816 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005

Saudi Arabia 1,437,458 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005

Venezuala 1,236,753 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005

Other 1,453,781 bpd EIA (excludes Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands) 2005

United States 5,146,540 bpd Production minus Exports 2005

Total 14,712,378 bpd

U.S. Production 1,890,106 Mbbl/yr EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

U.S. Exports 11,619 Mbbl/yr EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

*Excludes Canadian Oil Sands

Country

Emissions 

Factor Units Source/Comments Year

Algeria 24.0 kg CO2/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Angola 41.7 kg CO2/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Canada 24.1 kg CO2/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Ecuador 21.4 kg CO2/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Iraq 13.4 kg CO2/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Kuwait 13.7 kg CO2/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Mexico 19.6 kg CO2/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Nigeria 65.6 kg CO2/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Saudi Arabia 11.3 kg CO2/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Venezuala 16.5 kg CO2/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Other 25.1 kg CO2/bbl extracted Average of foreign extraction profiles 2002

United States 20.3 kg CO2/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Crude Oil Extraction CO2 Emissions Factor

This worksheet utilizes estimated country-specific crude oil profiles to determine the GHG emissions profile for extraction o

Crude Oil Extraction CO2 Emissions

Crude Oil Input to U.S.

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Extraction_US

2008 34
Return to Contents Worksheet

Country

Algeria

Angola

Canada

Ecuador

Iraq

Kuwait

Mexico

Nigeria

Saudi Arabia

Venezuala

Other

United States

Total

Mix to U.S. Refineries

Country

Algeria

Angola

Canada Conventional*

Ecuador

Iraq

Kuwait

Mexico

Nigeria

Saudi Arabia

Venezuala

Other

United States

Total

U.S. Production

U.S. Exports

*Excludes Canadian Oil Sands

Country

Algeria

Angola

Canada

Ecuador

Iraq

Kuwait

Mexico

Nigeria

Saudi Arabia

Venezuala

Other

United States

This worksheet utilizes estimated country-specific crude oil profiles to determine the GHG emissions profile for extraction o

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

99,307 kg CH4/day

722,046 kg CH4/day

480,790 kg CH4/day

107,108 kg CH4/day

126,976 kg CH4/day

24,231 kg CH4/day

1,155,865 kg CH4/day

2,685,744 kg CH4/day

128,932 kg CH4/day

370,367 kg CH4/day

992,082 kg CH4/day

831,980 kg CH4/day

7,725,427 kg CH4/day

0.525 kg CH4/bbl extracted

Emissions 

Factor Units Source/Comments Year

0.435 kg CH4/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

1.586 kg CH4/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.436 kg CH4/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.388 kg CH4/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.243 kg CH4/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.109 kg CH4/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.744 kg CH4/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

2.494 kg CH4/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.090 kg CH4/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.299 kg CH4/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.682 kg CH4/bbl extracted Average of foreign extraction profiles 2002

0.162 kg CH4/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Crude Oil Extraction Methane Emissions Factor

rofiles to determine the GHG emissions profile for extraction of conventional crude oil fed to U.S. refineries in 2005. 

Crude Oil Extraction Methane Emissions

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Extraction_US

2008 35
Return to Contents Worksheet

Country

Algeria

Angola

Canada

Ecuador

Iraq

Kuwait

Mexico

Nigeria

Saudi Arabia

Venezuala

Other

United States

Total

Mix to U.S. Refineries

Country

Algeria

Angola

Canada Conventional*

Ecuador

Iraq

Kuwait

Mexico

Nigeria

Saudi Arabia

Venezuala

Other

United States

Total

U.S. Production

U.S. Exports

*Excludes Canadian Oil Sands

Country

Algeria

Angola

Canada

Ecuador

Iraq

Kuwait

Mexico

Nigeria

Saudi Arabia

Venezuala

Other

United States

This worksheet utilizes estimated country-specific crude oil profiles to determine the GHG emissions profile for extraction o

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

134 kg N2O/day

624 kg N2O/day

651 kg N2O/day

145 kg N2O/day

172 kg N2O/day

62 kg N2O/day

1,000 kg N2O/day

2,323 kg N2O/day

328 kg N2O/day

501 kg N2O/day

1,034 kg N2O/day

2,115 kg N2O/day

9,089 kg N2O/day

0.000618 kg N2O/bbl extracted

Emissions 

Factor Units Source/Comments Year

0.000588 kg N2O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.001372 kg N2O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.000590 kg N2O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.000525 kg N2O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.000329 kg N2O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.000277 kg N2O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.000644 kg N2O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.002157 kg N2O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.000228 kg N2O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.000405 kg N2O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

0.000711 kg N2O/bbl extracted Average of foreign extraction profiles 2002

0.000411 kg N2O/bbl extracted Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Crude Oil Extraction N2O Emissions Factor

n of conventional crude oil fed to U.S. refineries in 2005. 

Crude Oil Extraction N2O Emissions

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Extraction_US

2008 36
Return to Contents Worksheet

Parameter Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

Unfinished Oils Production 38.3 kg CO2

/bbl

Unfinished Oils Production 21,806,095 kg CO2

/day

Crude Oil Extraction 13,416,297 kg CO2

/day

Partial refining of unfinished oils 8,389,797 kg CO2

/day

Crude Oil Extraction 23.6 kg CO2

/bbl

Refining Emissions Factor 85.8 kg CO2

/MMBtu HHV Based on refinery emissions pool

Parameter Value Units Sources/Comments Year

Energy for Unfinished Oils Refining 97,750 MMBtu HHV/day

Atmospheric Distillation Energy Intensity 110 MBtu HHV/bbl Energy Intensities wksht

Vacuum Distillation Energy Intensity 90 MBtu HHV/bbl Energy Intensities wksht

Unnacountable Energy 25% Energy not included in modeled processes

Input Type Rate Units Sources/Comments Year

Naphthas and Lighter 74,759 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Kerosene and Light Gas Oils -10,575 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Heavy Gas Oils 382,592 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Residuum 122,351 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Net Total Unfinished Oils 569,126 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Parameter Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

NGL Production and Processing 5.33 kg CO2

/bbl NGL

NGL Production and Processing 2,302,453 kg CO2

/day

Natural Gas Production and Processing 3,769 kg CO2

/MMcf NG

Natural Gas Production and Processing 133 tonnes CO2

/106 m3 CAPP, 2004 2000

Natural Gas Production 42.7 tonnes CO2

/106 m3 CAPP, 2004 2000

Natural Gas Processing 90.4 tonnes CO2

/106 m3 CAPP, 2004 2000

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year

NGL Input to Refineries 432,044 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

NG Extraction Loss to NGL Ratio 0.00141 MMcf NG/bbl NGL

NGL Extraction 619,884 Mbbl/yr EIA Natural Gas Navigator 2005

Extraction Loss 876,497 MMcf/yr EIA Natural Gas Navigator 2005

Energy Requirements

Unfinished Oils Input

NGL Refinery Input, Extraction and Conversion Data

CO2 Emissions for Delivered Natural Gas Liquids

This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions associated with unfinished oils and natural gas liquids extraction and production for 

extraction and transport profile and refinery distillation operations. The natural gas liquids profile is based on emissions associated 

CO2 Emissions for Delivered Unfinished Oils

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US

2008 37
EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US

2008 38
EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US

2008 39
Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

0.544 kg CH4/bbl

309,722 kg CH4/day

299,702 kg CH4

/day

10,020 kg CH4

/day

0.527 kg CH4/bbl

0.103 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV Based on refinery emissions pool

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

0.105 kg CH4/bbl NGL

45,496 kg CH4/day

74.5 kg CO2/MMcf NG

2.63 tonnes CH4/106 m3

2.34 tonnes CH4

/106 m3 CAPP, 2004 2000

0.29 tonnes CH4/106 m3 CAPP, 2004 2000

atural gas liquids extraction and production for use in U.S. refineries. For unfinished oils, the profile is a combination of the crude oil 

iquids profile is based on emissions associated with natural gas production.

Methane Emissions for Delivered Unfinished Oils

Methane Emissions for Delivered Natural Gas Liquids

Unfinished Oils GHG Emissions

Natural Gas Liquids GHG Emissions

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US

2008 40
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NGL & Unfinished Oils_US

2008 41
EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US

2008 42
Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

0.000877 kg N2O/bbl

499 kg N2O/day

353 kg N2O/day

147 kg N2O/day

0.000620 kg N2O/bbl

0.00150 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV Based on refinery emissions pool

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

0.000288 kg N2O/bbl NGL

125 kg N2O/day

0.204 kg CO2/MMcf NG

0.00720 tonnes N2O/106 m3

0.0040 tonnes N2O/106

 m3 CAPP, 2004 2000

0.0032 tonnes N2O/106 m3 CAPP, 2004 2000

ries. For unfinished oils, the profile is a combination of the crude oil 

N2O Emissions for Delivered Unfinished Oils

N2O Emissions for Delivered Natural Gas Liquids

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US

2008 43
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NGL & Unfinished Oils_US

2008 44
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NGL & Unfinished Oils_US

2008 45
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NGL & Unfinished Oils_US

2008 46
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NGL & Unfinished Oils_US

2008 47
EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

NGL & Unfinished Oils_US

2008 48
Return to Contents Worksheet

Input Type Quantity Input Units Year

CO2

U.S. Wghtd Average Profile 104 kg CO2

/bbl

Blended Bitumen 80.8 kg CO2

/bbl Imperial Oil Resources Cold Lake 2005

Synthetic 122 kg CO2

/bbl Syncrude Canada Ltd. 2005

Methane

U.S. Wghtd Average Profile 0.247 kg CH4

/bbl

Blended Bitumen 0.00943 kg CH4

/bbl Imperial Oil Resources Cold Lake 2005

Synthetic 0.426 kg CH4

/bbl Syncrude Canada Ltd. 2005

Nitrous Oxide

U.S. Wghtd Average Profile 0.00283 kg N2O/bbl

Blended Bitumen 0.00114 kg N2O/bbl Imperial Oil Resources Cold Lake 2005

Synthetic 0.00410 kg N2O/bbl Syncrude Canada Ltd. 2005

Input Type Quantity Input Units Year

Blended Bitumen 227,188 bpd NEB 2006 2005

Light Synthetic 187,116 bpd NEB 2006 2005

Heavy Synthetic 113,242 bpd NEB 2006 2005

Total 527,545 bpd 2005

Blended Bitumen 36,120 m

3

/day NEB 2006 2005

Light Synthetic 29,749 m

3

/day NEB 2006 2005

Heavy Synthetic 18,004 m

3

/day NEB 2006 2005

This worksheet contains the profile for Canada Oil Sands contribution to crude oil mix input to 

2005 U.S. Imports of Canadian Oil Sands

Canadian Oil SandsEmissions Profile

Sources/Comments

Sources/Comments

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Oil Sands-Bitumen

2008 49
Company Location Production 

(bpd)

Production 

(bbl/yr)

% of Identified 

Production Year

Syncrude Canada Ltd.

Mildred Lake and 

Aurora North Plant 

Sites

214,000 78,110,000 20% 2005

Suncor Energy Inc. Oil Sands 22 km NE of Fort 

McMurray 171,000 62,415,000 16% 2005

Imperial Oil Resources Cold Lake 139,000 50,735,000 13% 2005

EnCana Christina Lake 2,680 978,200 0% 2005

EnCana Foster Creek SAGD 

Bitumen Battery 14,510 5,296,150 1% 2005

Albian Sands Energy Inc. Muskeg River Mine 155,000 56,575,000 15% 2005

Shell Canada Limited

Scotford Upgrader 

and Upgrader 

Cogeneration 

Upgrader SW 32-

55-21-W4 Upgrader 

Cogeneration NW

3, Fort 

Saskatchewan

Petro-Canada

MacKay River, InSitu Oil Sands 

Plant

21,300 7,774,500 2% 2005

Japan Canada Oil Sands Limited

Hangingstone 

SAGD 

Demonstration 

Facility

Other 345,533 126,119,545 33%

Total 1,063,023 388,003,395 100% 2005

Sources/Comments

http://sustainability.syncrude.ca/sust

ainability2005/financial_economic/2

005_results.shtml

http://www.oilsandsconference.com/

downloads/presentations/CurrentMi

ners/SuncorEnergy.pdf

http://www.secinfo.com/dRX7g.v3n.d

.htm

http://www.encana.com/operations/c

anada/christinalake/index.htm

http://www.encana.com/operations/c

anada/fostercreek/index.htm

http://www.energy.gov.ab.ca/OilS

ands/pdfs/pub_osgenbrf2005.pdf

http://www.whitfieldoil.com/download

s/PetroCanadaFastFacts.pdf

Company Specific Production Data for Canadian Oil Sands Production in 2005

Included in above

Not Available

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Oil Sands-Bitumen

2008 50
Company Location CO2 Emissions 

(tonnes)

CH4 Emissions 

(tonnes)

N2O Emissions 

(tons)

CO2 Emissions 

(kg/bbl)

CH4 Emissions 

(kg/bbl)

N2O Emissions 

(kg/bbl) Sources/Comments Year

Syncrude Canada Ltd.

Mildred Lake and 

Aurora North Plant 

Sites

9,559,462 33,263 320 122 0.426 0.00410 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil

=201&year=2005 2005

Suncor Energy Inc. Oil Sands 22 km NE of Fort 

McMurray 7,211,688 19,041 267 116 0.305 0.00429 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil=479&year=2005 2005

Imperial Oil Resources Cold Lake 4,100,101 478 57.8 80.8 0.00943 0.00114 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil

=84&year=2005 2005

EnCana Christina Lake 110,052 14.7 0.56 113 0.0150 0.000572 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil

=653&year=2005 2005

EnCana Foster Creek SAGD 

Bitumen Battery 261,594 14.4 1.49 49.4 0.00271 0.000281 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil=625&year=2005 2005

Albian Sands Energy Inc. Muskeg River Mine 192,633 1,895 46.8 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil

=539&year=2005 2005

Shell Canada Limited

Scotford Upgrader 

and Upgrader 

Cogeneration 

Upgrader SW 32-

55-21-W4 Upgrader 

Cogeneration NW

3, Fort 

Saskatchewan

1,915,546 210 39.0 37.3 0.0372 0.00152 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil

=5&year=2005 2005

Petro-Canada

MacKay River, InSitu Oil Sands 

Plant

121,961 2,312 7.12 15.7 0.297 0.000916 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil

=113&year=2005 2005

Japan Canada Oil Sands Limited

Hangingstone 

SAGD 

Demonstration 

Facility

210,955 15.5 60.7 http://www.ec.gc.ca/pdb/ghg/onlineData/FacilityAndGHG_e.cfm?facil

=377&year=2005 2005

Inlcuded in below

Company Specific Emissions Data for Canadian Oil Sands Production in 2005

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Oil Sands-Bitumen

2008 51
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Country Exporting Gasoline bpd % of Total

kg CO2/bbl 

crude oil

kg CH4/bbl 

crude oil

kg N2O/bbl 

crude oil Source/Comments Year

ALGERIA 2,463 0% 24.0 0.435 0.000588 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

ANGOLA 403 0% 41.7 1.586 0.001372 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

ARGENTINA 24,099 2% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

ARUBA 893 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

AUSTRALIA 110 0% 23.4 0.211 0.000463 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

BAHAMAS, The 1,449 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

BELGIUM 29,562 3% 13.2 0.308 0.000340 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

BRAZIL 4,570 0% 18.3 0.683 0.000446 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

BULGARIA 1,482 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

CANADA 174,436 16% 35.1 0.366 0.000995 See below

CHILE 7,882 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

CHINA, PEOPLES REP 2,277 0% 25.8 0.605 0.000667 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

COLOMBIA 1,474 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

CONGO (BRAZZAVILLE) 348 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

DENMARK 2,340 0% 15.3 0.358 0.000395 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

ECUADOR 2,699 0% 21.4 0.388 0.000525 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

EGYPT 6,603 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

ESTONIA 25,652 2% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

FINLAND 14,362 1% 15.9 0.372 0.000410 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

FRANCE 39,222 4% 15.0 0.561 0.000366 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

GABON 66 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

GEORGIA 274 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

GERMANY 28,162 3% 16.2 0.379 0.000418 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

GHANA 1,479 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

INDIA 10,616 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

INDONESIA 296 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

IRELAND 2,825 0% 15.3 0.358 0.000395 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

ITALY 34,285 3% 19.6 0.460 0.000507 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

JAPAN 2,482 0% 16.0 0.376 0.000415 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

KOREA, SOUTH 4,899 0% 11.3 0.090 0.000228 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia

KUWAIT 137 0% 13.7 0.109 0.000277 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

LATVIA 18,803 2% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

LITHUANIA 19,047 2% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

MALAYSIA 1,693 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

Crude Oil Extraction Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Gasoline to the U.S. in 2005

This worksheet develops the GHG emissions profile for crude oil extraction for the crude oil mix to foreign refineries which exported transportation fuels to the U.S. 

in 2005. The result is a separate profile for gasoline, diesel and jet fuel based on a weighted average of the country of export. Canada and Virgin Islands profiles are 

developed in greater detail due to the higher volume of imports from these locations.

Imported Finished Motor Gasoline and Motor Gasoline Blending Components

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Extraction_Imports

2008 52
MARTINIQUE 699 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

MEXICO 1,611 0% 19.6 0.744 0.000644 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

NETHERLANDS 115,934 10% 12.0 0.280 0.000309 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 5,644 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

NIGERIA 15,367 1% 65.6 2.494 0.002157 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

NORWAY 14,718 1% 4.3 0.039 0.000086 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

PERU 3,208 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

POLAND 88 0% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

PORTUGAL 9,293 1% 26.0 0.970 0.000633 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

QATAR 110 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

ROMANIA 2,896 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

RUSSIA 68,255 6% 16.6 0.619 0.000404 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

SAUDI ARABIA 18,460 2% 11.3 0.090 0.000228 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

SINGAPORE 2,364 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

SPAIN 24,364 2% 22.4 0.837 0.000546 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

SWEDEN 14,142 1% 11.4 0.267 0.000294 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

TAIWAN 3,841 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

THAILAND 189 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 8,995 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

TURKEY 11,584 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

TURKMENISTAN 542 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

UNITED KINGDOM 114,118 10% 8.6 0.200 0.000221 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

URUGUAY 3,192 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

VENEZUELA 83,745 8% 16.5 0.299 0.000405 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 115,967 10% 23.0 0.636 0.000655 See below

Imported Gasoline Mix 1,106,712 100% 19.3 0.431 0.000518

% of Gasoline Mix using Average 

Profile 9%

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Extraction_Imports

2008 53
Country bpd % of Total

kg CO2/bbl 

crude oil

kg CH4/bbl 

crude oil

kg N2O/bbl 

crude oil Source/Comments Year

ALGERIA 819 1% 24.0 0.435 0.000588 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

ARUBA 12,729 8% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

BELGIUM 1,296 1% 13.2 0.308 0.000340 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

CANADA 58,710 37% 35.1 0.366 0.000995 See below

DENMARK 2,074 1% 15.3 0.358 0.000395 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

ESTONIA 1,186 1% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

FRANCE 389 0% 15.0 0.561 0.000366 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

GERMANY 764 0% 16.2 0.379 0.000418 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

INDONESIA 1,868 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

JAPAN 1,729 1% 16.0 0.376 0.000415 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

KAZAKHSTAN 564 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

KOREA, SOUTH 4,542 3% 11.3 0.090 0.000228 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia

KUWAIT 633 0% 13.7 0.109 0.000277 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

LATVIA 1,751 1% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

LITHUANIA 370 0% 15.5 0.363 0.000400 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

NETHERLANDS 8,279 5% 12.0 0.280 0.000309 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 318 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

NORWAY 712 0% 4.3 0.039 0.000086 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

PHILIPPINES 110 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

RUSSIA 99 0% 16.6 0.619 0.000404 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

SINGAPORE 2,044 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

SWEDEN 1,197 1% 11.4 0.267 0.000294 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

TAIWAN 1,449 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

UNITED KINGDOM 814 1% 8.6 0.200 0.000221 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

VENEZUELA 3,734 2% 16.5 0.299 0.000405 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 48,984 31% 23.0 0.636 0.000655 See below

Total Imports 157,164 100% 24.9 0.441 0.000690

% of Diesel Mix using Average Profile 12%

Imported Highway Diesel (<500 ppm)

Crude Oil Extraction Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Gasoline to the U.S. in 2005

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Extraction_Imports

2008 54
Country bpd % of Total

kg CO2/bbl 

crude oil

kg CH4/bbl 

crude oil

kg N2O/bbl 

crude oil Source/Comments Year

ALGERIA 1,458 1% 24.0 0.435 0.000588 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

ARGENTINA 490 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

ARUBA 8,140 4% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

BELGIUM 786 0% 13.2 0.308 0.000340 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

CANADA 11,408 6% 35.1 0.366 0.000995 See below

CHINA, PEOPLES REP 282 0% 25.8 0.605 0.000667 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

COLOMBIA 1,181 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

FRANCE 2,329 1% 15.0 0.561 0.000366 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

INDIA 4,236 2% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

IRAQ 1,962 1% 13.4 0.243 0.000329 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

JAPAN 3,345 2% 16.0 0.376 0.000415 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

KOREA, SOUTH 41,641 22% 11.3 0.090 0.000228 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia

KUWAIT 7,173 4% 13.7 0.109 0.000277 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

MALAYSIA 548 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

MEXICO 5,178 3% 19.6 0.744 0.000644 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

NETHERLANDS 1,570 1% 12.0 0.280 0.000309 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 449 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

QATAR 68 0% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

RUSSIA 890 0% 16.6 0.619 0.000404 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

SAUDI ARABIA 8,074 4% 11.3 0.090 0.000228 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

SINGAPORE 12,745 7% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

TAIWAN 11,701 6% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 2,521 1% 16.4 0.438 0.000407 Average Profile

UNITED KINGDOM 288 0% 8.6 0.200 0.000221 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

VENEZUELA 29,847 16% 16.5 0.299 0.000405 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile

VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 31,740 17% 23.0 0.636 0.000655 See below

Total Imports 190,049 100% 17.2 0.347 0.000437

% of Gasoline Mix using Average 

Profile 22%

Crude Oil Extraction Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel to the U.S. in 2005

Imported Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Extraction_Imports

2008 55
Country kg CO2

/bbl kg CH4/bbl kg N2O/bbl Source/Comments Year

Algeria 24.021 0.435 0.000588 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Angola 41.695 1.586 0.001372 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Iraq 13.417 0.243 0.000329 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Nigeria 65.568 2.494 0.002157 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Saudi Arabia 11.280 0.090 0.000228 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Venezuela 16.543 0.299 0.000405 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Russia 16.568 0.619 0.000404 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Norway 4.348 0.039 0.000086 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

United Kingdom 8.555 0.200 0.000221 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

United States 20.330 0.162 0.000411 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Mexico 19.560 0.744 0.000644 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Equador 21.440 0.388 0.000525 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Other 24.7 0.635 0.000684 Average of foreign profiles 2002

Canada (Light+Heavy) 24.1 0.436 0.000590 Excludes Canadian Oil Sands; adjusted U.S. profile 2002

Canada Synthetic (Light) 122 0.426 0.00410 Syncrude Canada Ltd. 2005

Canada Crude Bitumen 80.8 0.00943 0.00114 Imperial Oil Resources Cold Lake 2005

Condensates + Pentane 5.33 0.105 0.000288 Same as profile for NGL fed to U.S. refineries (based on Canadian natural gas emissions data)

Mix to Canadian Refineries 35.1 0.366 0.000995

Country bpd

Thousand 

m

3

 / year

% of 

Imports Source/Comments Year

Algeria 163,170 9,469 18% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Angola 15,652 908 2% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Iraq 65,531 3,803 7% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Nigeria 24,570 1,426 3% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Saudi Arabia 75,574 4,386 8% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Venezuela 48,342 2,805 5% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Russia 21,759 1,263 2% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Norway 240,579 13,961 26% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

United Kingdom 145,808 8,461 16% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

United States 21,130 1,226 2% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Mexico 37,103 2,153 4% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Equador 6,054 351 1% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Other Imports 61,587 3,574 7% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Canada (Light+Heavy) 558,370 32,402 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005

Canada Synthetic (Light) 255,663 14,836 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005

Canada Crude Bitumen 70,056 4,065 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005

Condensates + Pentane 34,885 2,024 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005

Crude Oil Extraction/Synthetic Oil Processing Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Canada

Crude Oil Input to Canada

Canadian Profile

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Extraction_Imports

2008 56
Country kg CO2

/bbl kg CH4/bbl kg N2O/bbl Source/Comments Year

Angola 41.7 1.586 0.001372 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Colombia 16.5 0.299 0.000405 Assumed same as Venezuela

Ivory Coast 41.7 1.586 0.001372 Assumed same as Angola

Gabon 41.7 1.586 0.001372 Assumed same as Angola

Iraq 13.4 0.243 0.000329 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Nigeria 65.6 2.494 0.002157 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Norway 4.3 0.039 0.000086 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Peru 21.4 0.388 0.000525 Assumed same as Equador

United Kingdom 8.6 0.200 0.000221 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Venezuela 16.5 0.299 0.000405 Calculated Country-specific extraction profile 2002

Mix to Virgin Islands Refineries 23.0 0.636 0.000655

Country bpd % of Total Mbbl/yr Source/Comments Year

Angola 7,984 2% 2,914 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Colombia 8,858 2% 3,233 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Ivory Coast 2,584 1% 943 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Gabon 65,479 14% 23,900 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Iraq 1,233 0% 450 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Nigeria 29,945 6% 10,930 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Norway 28,162 6% 10,279 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Peru 989 0% 361 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

United Kingdom 8,395 2% 3,064 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Venezuela 307,767 67% 112,335 EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Crude Oil Extraction/Synthetic Oil Processing Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Virgin Islands

Virgin Islands Profile

Crude Oil Input to Virgin Islands

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Extraction_Imports

2008 57
Return to Contents Worksheet

Country

kg CO2/bbl 

extracted

kg CH4/bbl 

extracted

kg N2O/bbl 

extracted

GWP kg 

CO2E/bbl Source/Comments Year

Methane 

Emissions 

Profile

Algeria 24.0 0.43 0.000588 35.07 See comments 2002 Moderate

Angola 41.7 1.59 0.001372 81.75 See comments 2002 High 

Canada 24.1 0.44 0.000590 35.17 Excludes Canadian Oil Sands; adjusted U.S. profile 2002 Moderate

Ecuador 21.4 0.39 0.000525 31.30 See comments 2002 Moderate

Iraq 13.4 0.24 0.000329 19.59 See comments 2002 Moderate

Kuwait 13.7 0.11 0.000277 16.50 See comments 2002 Low

Mexico 19.6 0.74 0.000644 38.35 See comments 2002 High 

Nigeria 65.6 2.49 0.002157 128.56 See comments 2002 High 

Saudi Arabia 11.3 0.09 0.000228 13.59 See comments 2002 Low

Venezuela 16.5 0.30 0.000405 24.15 See comments 2002 Moderate

United States 20.3 0.16 0.000411 24.49 See comments 2002 Low

Foreign Average Extraction 25.1 0.68 0.000711 42.4

This worksheet provides the estimated crude oil extraction emissions profiles. This includes both profiles for extraction of crude oil 

from its country of origin and for the mix consumed by various countries. The extraction and delivery components have been 

estimated using the same split occurring for crude oil to U.S. refineries. Estimated profiles are extracted from total GWP reported for 

each country using a categorization of individual emissions profiles. 

Crude Oil Emissions Profiles - Extraction only by Country of Origin

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Profiles

2008 58
Country

kg CO2/bbl 

delivered

kg CH4/bbl 

delivered

kg N2O/bbl 

delivered

GWP kg 

CO2E/bbl Source/Comments Year

Methane 

Emissions 

Profile

Australia 31.3 0.212 0.000582 36.7 See comments 2002 Low

Belgium 17.6 0.311 0.000428 25.5 See comments 2002 Moderate

Brazil 24.4 0.689 0.000561 41.8 See comments 2002 High

China 34.5 0.610 0.000839 50.0 See comments 2002 Moderate

EU-15 20.4 0.361 0.000496 29.6 See comments 2002 Moderate

EU-25 20.7 0.366 0.000503 30.0 See comments 2002 Moderate

Finland 21.2 0.375 0.000516 30.8 See comments 2002 Moderate

France 20.1 0.566 0.000461 34.3 See comments 2002 High

Germany 21.6 0.382 0.000525 31.3 See comments 2002 Moderate

Italy 26.2 0.464 0.000638 38.0 See comments 2002 Moderate

Japan 21.4 0.379 0.000521 31.1 See comments 2002 Moderate

Netherlands 16.0 0.282 0.000388 23.2 See comments 2002 Moderate

Norway 5.8 0.039 0.000108 6.8 See comments 2002 Low

Portugal 34.7 0.978 0.000796 59.4 See comments 2002 High

Russia 22.1 0.624 0.000508 37.9 See comments 2002 High

Spain 29.9 0.844 0.000687 51.2 See comments 2002 High

Sweden 15.2 0.269 0.000370 22.1 See comments 2002 Moderate

United Kingdom 11.4 0.202 0.000278 16.6 See comments 2002 Moderate

Foreign Average Del'd 21.92 0.442 0.000511 33.1 Average of estimated profiles 2002

LC Stage #1 Break-Out 75% 99% 80% Based on break-out of crude oil to U.S. refineries (ex oil sands)

Crude Oil Emissions Profile - Extraction and Transport by Consuming Country

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Profiles

2008 59
Country

kg CO2/bbl 

delivered

kg CH4/bbl 

delivered

kg N2O/bbl 

delivered

GWP kg 

CO2E/bbl Source/Comments Year

Australia 23.4 0.211 0.000463 28.8 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Belgium 13.2 0.308 0.000340 21.0 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Brazil 18.3 0.683 0.000446 35.5 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

China 25.8 0.605 0.000667 41.1 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

EU-15 15.3 0.358 0.000395 24.3 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

EU-25 15.5 0.363 0.000400 24.7 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Finland 15.9 0.372 0.000410 25.3 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

France 15.0 0.561 0.000366 29.2 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Germany 16.2 0.379 0.000418 25.8 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Italy 19.6 0.460 0.000507 31.3 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Japan 16.0 0.376 0.000415 25.6 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Netherlands 12.0 0.280 0.000309 19.1 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Norway 4.3 0.039 0.000086 5.35 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Portugal 26.0 0.970 0.000633 50.4 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Russia 16.6 0.619 0.000404 32.2 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Spain 22.4 0.837 0.000546 43.5 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Sweden 11.4 0.267 0.000294 18.2 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

United Kingdom 8.6 0.200 0.000221 13.6 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Average 16.4 0.438 0.000407 27.5 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Crude Oil Emissions Profile - Extraction only by Consuming Country

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Profiles

2008 60
Country

kg CO2/bbl 

delivered

kg CH4/bbl 

delivered

kg N2O/bbl 

delivered

GWP kg 

CO2E/bbl Source/Comments Year

Australia 7.9 0.002 0.000119 7.94 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Belgium 4.4 0.003 0.000088 4.51 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Brazil 6.1 0.006 0.000115 6.32 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

China 8.7 0.005 0.000172 8.85 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

EU-15 5.1 0.003 0.000102 5.24 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

EU-25 5.2 0.003 0.000103 5.31 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Finland 5.3 0.003 0.000106 5.45 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

France 5.0 0.005 0.000094 5.19 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Germany 5.4 0.003 0.000107 5.54 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Italy 6.6 0.004 0.000130 6.73 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Japan 5.4 0.003 0.000107 5.50 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Netherlands 4.0 0.002 0.000079 4.10 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Norway 1.5 0.000 0.000022 1.48 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Portugal 8.7 0.008 0.000163 8.97 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Russia 5.6 0.005 0.000104 5.72 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Spain 7.5 0.007 0.000141 7.74 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Sweden 3.8 0.002 0.000076 3.90 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

United Kingdom 2.9 0.002 0.000057 2.93 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Average 5.51 0.00356 0.0001046 5.63 Estimated using LC Stage #1/#2 break-out from U.S.

Crude Oil Emissions Profile - Transport only by Consuming Country

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Profiles

2008 61
Flared 

Hydrocarb

ons (lb/lb)

Vented 

Hydrocarbon

s (lb/lb) Year

Algeria 0.0300 0.0041 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002

Angola 0.0610 0.0170 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002

Canada 0.0072 0.0043 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002

Equador 0.0330 0.0011 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002

Iraq 0.0059 0.0017 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002

Kuwait 0.0007 0.0025 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002

Mexico 0.0220 0.0055 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002

Nigeria 0.1000 0.0290 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002

Saudi Arabia 0.0003 0.000092 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002

Venezuela 0.0130 0.00160 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002

U.S. 0.0037 0.00094 PE International, 2008; Documentation 2002

Crude Oil 

Density

(kg/bbl) Year

Algeria 128 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005

Angola 138 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005

Canada 140 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005

Equador 146 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005

Iraq 139 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005

Kuwait 140 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005

Mexico 145 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005

Nigeria 135 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005

Saudi Arabia 138 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005

Venezuela 146 As received, derived from EIA, 2009 2005

U.S. 137 Derived from EIA, 2009 2005

Flared and Vented Hydrocarbons during Crude Oil Extraction

Crude Oil Densities and Extraction Profiles

Source/Comments

Source/Comments

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Crude Oil Profiles

2008 62
Parameter Value Units Source Year

Emissions per Flare Ratio 2.86 kg CO2/kg flared

Est. Baseline Value 0.097 kg CO2/kg crude oil Estimated from country-specific data

Est. Flared Gas Properties Assumes flared gas has composition of natural gas

Density 19.1 g/scf API 2004

Energy Content 1,027 Btu HHV/scf EIA 2008

CO2 Emissions Factor 53.1 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1

Emissions per Vented Ratio 0.75 kg CH4/kg vented Estimated from country-specific data

Flared and Vented Hydrocarbons during Crude Oil Extraction

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Crude Oil Profiles

2008 63
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Crude Oil Profiles

2008 64
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Crude Oil Profiles

2008 65
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Crude Oil Profiles

2008 66
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Crude Oil Profiles

2008 67
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Crude Oil Profiles

2008 68
Return to Contents Worksheet

Gasoline Diesel

Kerosene/ 

Kerosene-Type 

Jet Fuel Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends Total

kg CO2 / bbl refined 7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35

kg CO2/MMBtu LHV 1.50 1.33 1.41

kg CH4 / bbl refined 0.00398 0.00398 0.00398 0.00398 0.00398 0.00398 0.00398

kg CH4/MMBtu LHV 0.000813 0.000721 0.000760

kg N2O / bbl refined 0.000148 0.000148 0.000148 0.000148 0.000148 0.000148 0.000148

kg N2O/MMBtu LHV 0.0000302 0.0000268 0.0000283

Total Production (bpd) 7,815,792 3,954,378 1,611,395 627,600 834,877 1,683,562 753,830 17,281,433

4.892 5.512 5.230

Quantity Inputed CO2

 Emissions CH4 Emissions N2O Emissions CO2 Emissions CH4 Emissions N2O Emissions

bpd kg CO2

/day kg CH4/day kg N2O/day

kg CO2/bbl 

delivered

kg CH4/bbl 

delivered

kg N2O/bbl 

delivered

Crude oil ocean transport 8,919,589 49,538,804 3,612 1,260 5.55 0.000405 0.000141

Crude oil exporting country transport 10,093,384 8,738,899 10,150 113 0.866 0.00101 0.0000112

Crude oil U.S. transport 15,220,088 62,306,863 51,296 1,053 4.09 0.00337 0.0000692

Crude oil total transport 15,220,088 120,584,566 65,058 2,426 7.92 0.00427 0.000159

NGL transport 432,044 1,962,697 1,215 38.6 4.54 0.00281 0.0000893

Unfinished oils transport 569,126 4,509,029 2,433 90.7 7.92 0.00427 0.000159

Total 16,221,258 127,056,293 68,706 2,555 7.83 0.00424 0.000158

Conventional 

Gasoline

Conventional 

Diesel

Kerosene-Based 

Jet Fuel

kg CO2 / bbl refined 3.632 3.23 3.47

kg CO2/MMBtu LHV 0.743 0.587 0.663

kg CH4 / bbl refined 0.00225 0.00151 0.00169

kg CH4/MMBtu LHV 0.000460 0.000275 0.000324

kg N2O / bbl refined 0.0000713 0.0000669 0.0000718

kg N2O/MMBtu LHV 0.0000146 0.0000121 0.0000137

Product Quantity Imported CO2

 Emissions CH4 Emissions N2O Emissions

bbl product/day

kg CO2/bbl crude 

oil delivered

kg CH4/bbl crude 

oil delivered

kg N2O/bbl crude 

oil delivered

Conventional Gasoline 1,106,712 3.87 0.00240 0.0000759

Conventional Diesel 157,164 3.45 0.00161 0.0000713

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 190,049 3.69 0.00180 0.0000765

Crude Oil to Product Conversion Factor 1.065 bbl product refined / bbl crude oil input

N2O Emissions

Average product energy content (MMBtu LHV/bbl)

This worksheet summarizes the GHG emissions associated with feedstock transport to U.S. and foreign refineries. The emissions are per barrel of feedstock delivered to the 

refinery thus losses associated with crude oil transport are incorporated. For the emissions assigned to refinery products, the emissions are per barrel or MMBtu LHV of 

product refined. Conversion from barrels of crude oil to barrels of product for imported products is based on the same ratio occurring at U.S. refineries in 2005.

Summary of Foreign Refinery Feedstock Transport GHG Emissions Profile

Life Cycle Stages #2 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product for Feedstocks to Foreign Refineries

CO2 Emissions

 Methane Emissions 

N2O Emissions

Summary of U.S. Refinery Feedstock Transport GHG Emissions Profile

Life Cycle Stages #2 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product for Feedstocks to U.S. Refineries

CO2 Emissions

 Methane Emissions 

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Feedstock Transport

2008 69
Return to Contents Worksheet

Quantity Imported Transport Intensity CO2

 Emissions CH4 Emissions N2O Emissions CO2 Emissions CH4 Emissions N2O Emissions

bpd bbl-nautical miles/day kg CO2

/day kg CH4/day kg N2O/day

kg CO2/bbl 

delivered

kg CH4/bbl 

delivered

kg N2O/bbl 

delivered

Total Waterborne Imports 8,919,589 5.70E+10 49,538,804 3,612 1,260 5.55 0.000405 0.000141

Algeria 228,381 1.02E+09 883,792 64.4 22.5 3.87 0.000282 0.000098

Angola 455,249 3.07E+09 2,665,744 194.4 67.8 5.86 0.000427 0.000149

Canada Waterborne 456,329 3.08E+08 267,687 19.5 6.8 0.59 0.000043 0.000015

Ecuador 275,973 1.56E+09 1,356,037 98.9 34.5 4.91 0.000358 0.000125

Iraq 522,805 6.47E+09 5,621,761 409.9 143.0 10.75 0.000784 0.000273

Kuwait 222,548 2.79E+09 2,423,303 176.7 61.6 10.89 0.000794 0.000277

Mexico 1,553,496 1.65E+09 1,432,613 104.4 36.4 0.92 0.000067 0.000023

Nigeria 1,076,816 6.11E+09 5,309,390 387.1 135.0 4.93 0.000359 0.000125

Saudi Arabia 1,437,458 1.73E+10 15,017,351 1,094.9 381.9 10.45 0.000762 0.000266

Venezuela 1,236,753 2.21E+09 1,923,680 140.3 48.9 1.56 0.000113 0.000040

Other 1,453,781 1.45E+10 12,637,448 921.4 321.4 8.69 0.000634 0.000221

Canada Pipeline 1,173,795

*Canadian Waterborne Imports Only - Estimated from 2005 Waterborne Commerce Data (U.S. Army Corp of Engineers)

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year

Crude Carrier Energy Intensity (roundtrip) 11.0 Btu HHV/bbl-mile

Crude Carrier Energy Intensity (one-way) 5.5 Btu HHV/bbl-mile See evaluation at bottom of wksht

Roundtrip Factor 2.0

Heavy fuel oil CO2 Emissions Factor 78.8 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV EIA - see comments box

Heavy fuel oil CH4 Emissions Factor 0.00575 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV

Heavy fuel oil N2O Emissions Factor 0.00200 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV

Heavy fuel oil CH4 Emissions Factor 0.86 g CH4/gal fuel EIA - see comments box

Heavy fuel oil N2O Emissions Factor 0.30 g N2O/gal fuel EIA - see comments box

Heavy fuel oil energy intensity 6.29 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A -

Crude oil transport loss factor 1.00286

Crude Carrier Factors

Summary of Crude Oil Ocean Transport GHG Emissions Profile

This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions associated with crude oil transport from the top ten crude oil importing countries in 2005. 

Quantity x distance traveled are estimated using EIA data and Portworld.com. This is then combined with estimated crude carrier energy

intensities and the emissions factors for heavy fuel oil to determine the GHG emissions.

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Ocean Transport_US

2008 70
U.S. Port City

Quantity Imported 

(Mbbls)

Distance from 

Foreign Port 

(nautical miles)

Quantity x 

Distance 

(bbl-nautical 

miles) Comments

Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals

Country Algeria

Export Port Arzew

BATON ROUGE, LA 2,794 4,375 1.222E+10 Distance to New Orleans

BEAUMONT, TX 3,980 4,931 1.963E+10

CORPUS CHRIS, TX 9,228 5,080 4.688E+10

FREEPORT, TX 1,363 4,978 6.785E+09

GRAMERCY, LA 8,413 4,375 3.681E+10 Distance to New Orleans

HOUSTON, TX 6,105 4,988 3.045E+10

LAKE CHARLES, LA 500 4,916 2.458E+09 Distance to Port Arthur, TX

MARCUS HOOK, PA 8,084 3,585 2.898E+10 Distance to Wilmington, DE

MOBILE, AL 14,416 4,671 6.734E+10

NEW ORLEANS, LA 882 4,375 3.859E+09

NEWARK, NJ 523 3,460 1.810E+09 Distance to NY

PAULSBORO, NJ 10,686 3,585 3.831E+10 Distance to Wilmington, DE

PHILADELPHIA, PA 769 3,585 2.757E+09 Distance to Wilmington, DE

PORT ARTHUR, TX 7,855 4,916 3.862E+10

SABINE, TX 132 4,910 6.481E+08

ST ROSE, LA 5,431 4,375 2.376E+10 Distance to New Orleans

TEXAS CITY, TX 1,387 4,960 6.880E+09

WILMINGTON, DE 811 3,585 2.907E+09

Grand Total 83,359 4,452 3.711E+11

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2008 71
U.S. Port City

Quantity Imported 

(Mbbls)

Distance from 

Foreign Port 

(nautical miles)

Quantity x 

Distance 

(bbl-nautical 

miles) Comments

Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals

Country Angola

Export Port Luanda

ANACORTES, WA 482 11,790 5.683E+09

BATON ROUGE, LA 28,325 6,480 1.835E+11 Distance to New Orleans

BEAUMONT, TX 5,031 6,676 3.359E+10

BLAINE, WA 2,876 11,790 3.391E+10 Distance to Anacortes, WA

CHICAGO, IL 1,077 5,700 6.139E+09 Distance to NY

CORPUS CHRIS, TX 2,021 6,826 1.380E+10

EL SEGUNDO, CA 6,450 10,744 6.930E+10

FREEPORT, TX 6,341 6,724 4.264E+10

GRAMERCY, LA 2,875 6,480 1.863E+10 Distance to New Orleans

HONOLU/PEARL, HA 534 10,263 5.480E+09

HOUSTON, TX 13,080 6,734 8.808E+10

LAKE CHARLES, LA 492 6,661 3.277E+09 Distance to Port Arthur, TX

LONG BEACH, CA 3,273 10,730 3.512E+10

MARCUS HOOK, PA 3,839 5,778 2.218E+10 Distance to Wilmington, DE

MARTINEZ, CA 3,189 11,048 3.523E+10 Distance to SF

MOBILE, AL 2,365 6,416 1.517E+10

MORGAN CITY, LA 14,041 6,480 9.099E+10 Distance to New Orleans

NEW ORLEANS, LA 8,028 6,480 5.202E+10

NEWARK, NJ 20,311 5,700 1.158E+11 Distance to NY

PAULSBORO, NJ 5,059 5,778 2.923E+10 Distance to Wilmington, DE

PHILADELPHIA, PA 11,098 5,778 6.412E+10 Distance to Wilmington, DE

PORT ARTHUR, TX 7,428 6,661 4.948E+10

ST ROSE, LA 200 6,480 1.296E+09 Distance to New Orleans

TEXAS CITY, TX 2,428 6,706 1.628E+10

TOLEDO-SANDUSKY, OH 2,376 5,700 1.354E+10 Distance to NY

WILMINGTON, DE 12,947 5,778 7.481E+10

Grand Total 166,166 6,736 1.119E+12

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2008 72
U.S. Port City

Quantity Imported 

(Mbbls)

Distance from 

Foreign Port 

(nautical miles)

Quantity x 

Distance 

(bbl-nautical 

miles) Comments

Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals

Country Canada

Export Port Vancouver/Hibernia

ANACORTES, WA 20,482

ANCHORAGE, AK 3 1,315 3.945E+06

BLAINE, WA 913

BUFF-NIAG FL, NY 23,753

BUTTE, MT 1,161

CARQUINEZ ST, CA 441 760 3.352E+08 Distance to SF

CHICAGO, IL 143,205 Pipeline import

DENVER, CO 5,715

DETROIT, MI 25,401

DULUTH, MN 79,949

EL SEGUNDO, CA 294 1,088 3.199E+08

FORTUNA, ND 740

GALVESTON, TX 1,683 2,211 3.721E+09

GREAT FALLS, MT 10,000

HOUSTON, TX 2,856 2,243 6.406E+09

LONG BEACH, CA 723 1,103 7.975E+08

LOS ANGELES, CA 2,055 1,099 2.258E+09

MARCUS HOOK, PA 1,822 624 1.137E+09 Distance to Wilmington, DE

MARTINEZ, CA 1,129 760 8.580E+08 Distance to SF

MINNEAPOLIS, MN 20,008 Assume pipeline import

MOBILE, AL 1,433 1,926 2.760E+09

NATRONA APRT, WY 18,362

NECHE, ND 16,746

NEWARK, NJ 24,536 486 1.192E+10 Distance to NY

NEWPORT NEWS, VA 6,262 708 4.433E+09 Distance to Norfolk

NORTHGATE, ND 7

PAULSBORO, NJ 10,392 624 6.485E+09 Distance to Wilmington, DE

PHILADELPHIA, PA 336 624 2.097E+08 Distance to Wilmington, DE

PORT ARTHUR, TX 740 2,171 1.607E+09

PORT HURON, MI 13,650

RAYMOND, MT 5,709

SALT LK CTY, UT 3,742

SANPABLO BAY, CA 300 760 2.280E+08 Distance to SF

SAULT ST-MAR, MI 29,803

SEATTLE, WA 5,607

SHERWOOD, ND 289

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2008 73
ST ROSE, LA 170 1,990 3.383E+08 Distance to New Orleans

SUPERIOR, WI 7,653

SWEETGRASS, MT 76,299

TACOMA, WA 176 124 2.182E+07

TOLEDO-SANDUSKY, OH 19,209 Assumed

TURNER, MT 32

WILMINGTON, DE 11,209 624 6.994E+09

Great Lake Traffic 100,000 616 6.156E+10 Study Estimate Based on source below*

Grand Total* 166,560 675 1.124E+11

*Canadian Waterborne Imports Only - Estimated from 2005 Waterborne Commerce Data (U.S. Army Corp of Engineers)

U.S. Port City

Quantity Imported 

(Mbbls)

Distance from 

Foreign Port 

(nautical miles)

Quantity x 

Distance 

(bbl-nautical 

miles) Comments

Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals

Country Ecuador

Export Port Balao, Esmeraldas

ANACORTES, WA 712 4,090 2.912E+09

BATON ROUGE, LA 886 10,713 9.492E+09 Distance to New Orleans

CARQUINEZ ST, CA 14,043 3,348 4.702E+10 Distance to SF

CORPUS CHRIS, TX 6,845 11,024 7.546E+10

EL SEGUNDO, CA 10,357 3,036 3.144E+10

FREEPORT, TX 1,110 10,946 1.215E+10

GALVESTON, TX 3,946 10,930 4.313E+10

HOUSTON, TX 1,855 10,963 2.034E+10

LAKE CHARLES, LA 10,440 10,894 1.137E+11 Distance to Port Arthur, TX

LONG BEACH, CA 10,506 3,021 3.174E+10

LOS ANGELES, CA 13,788 3,023 4.168E+10

MARTINEZ, CA 18,350 3,348 6.144E+10 Distance to SF

NEW ORLEANS, LA 1,315 10,713 1.409E+10

PORT ARTHUR, TX 1,874 10,894 2.042E+10

SANFRANCISCO, CA 760 3,348 2.544E+09

TEXAS CITY, TX 1,357 10,934 1.484E+10

WILMINGTON, DE 2,586 10,429 2.697E+10

Grand Total 100,730 5,653 5.694E+11

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2008 74
U.S. Port City

Quantity Imported 

(Mbbls)

Distance from 

Foreign Port 

(nautical miles)

Quantity x 

Distance 

(bbl-nautical 

miles) Comments

Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals

Country Iraq

Export Port Umm Qasr

BATON ROUGE, LA 4,699 12,440 5.846E+10 Distance to New Orleans

BEAUMONT, TX 1,844 12,636 2.330E+10

BLAINE, WA 4,470 10,929 4.885E+10 Distance to Anacortes, WA

CARQUINEZ ST, CA 1,457 11,265 1.641E+10 Distance to SF

CORPUS CHRIS, TX 16,231 12,751 2.070E+11

EL SEGUNDO, CA 8,664 11,560 1.002E+11

FREEPORT, TX 2,487 12,653 3.147E+10

GALVESTON, TX 3,360 12,657 4.253E+10

HOUSTON, TX 46,953 12,690 5.958E+11

LONG BEACH, CA 11,864 11,575 1.373E+11

LOS ANGELES, CA 6,316 11,570 7.308E+10

MORGAN CITY, LA 34,556 12,440 4.299E+11 Distance to New Orleans

NEW ORLEANS, LA 4,553 12,440 5.664E+10

PASCAGOULA, MS 527 12,384 6.526E+09

PORT ARTHUR, TX 28,272 12,621 3.568E+11

RICHMOND, CA 5,859 11,263 6.599E+10

SABINE, TX 476 12,615 6.005E+09

TEXAS CITY, TX 8,236 12,661 1.043E+11

Grand Total 190,824 12,370 2.361E+12

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2008 75
U.S. Port City

Quantity Imported 

(Mbbls)

Distance from 

Foreign Port 

(nautical miles)

Quantity x 

Distance 

(bbl-nautical 

miles) Comments

Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals

Country Kuwait

Export Port Mina al-Ahmadi

BATON ROUGE, LA 903 12,403 1.120E+10 Distance to New Orleans

CORPUS CHRIS, TX 16,733 12,713 2.127E+11

FREEPORT, TX 676 12,635 8.541E+09

GALVESTON, TX 1,728 12,619 2.181E+10

GRAMERCY, LA 3,854 12,403 4.780E+10 Distance to New Orleans

HOUSTON, TX 12,720 12,652 1.609E+11

LOS ANGELES, CA 1,403 11,533 1.618E+10

MORGAN CITY, LA 25,908 12,403 3.213E+11 Distance to New Orleans

NEW ORLEANS, LA 3,156 12,403 3.914E+10

PASCAGOULA, MS 1,409 12,346 1.740E+10

TEXAS CITY, TX 12,147 12,623 1.533E+11

TOLEDO-SANDUSKY, OH 45 11,950 5.378E+08

WILMINGTON, DE 548 12,005 6.579E+09

Grand Total 81,230 12,526 1.018E+12

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2008 76
U.S. Port City

Quantity Imported 

(Mbbls)

Distance from 

Foreign Port 

(nautical miles)

Quantity x 

Distance 

(bbl-nautical 

miles) Comments

Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals

Country Mexico

Export Port Cayo Arcas

BATON ROUGE, LA 12,937 612 7.917E+09 Distance to New Orleans

BEAUMONT, TX 17,182 616 1.058E+10

BLAINE, WA 359 14,139 5.076E+09 Distance to Anacortes, WA

CARQUINEZ ST, CA 7,114 13,397 9.531E+10 Distance to SF

CORPUS CHRIS, TX 23,057 552 1.273E+10

EL SEGUNDO, CA 425 13,093 5.565E+09

FREEPORT, TX 4,362 560 2.443E+09

GALVESTON, TX 6,556 577 3.783E+09

GRAMERCY, LA 6,794 612 4.158E+09 Distance to New Orleans

HIDALGO, TX 636 461 2.932E+08 Distance to Brownsville, TX

HOUSTON, TX 151,477 610 9.240E+10

LAKE CHARLES, LA 38,330 599 2.296E+10 Distance to Port Arthur, TX

LONG BEACH, CA 3,016 13,078 3.944E+10

LOS ANGELES, CA 5,845 13,080 7.645E+10

MARTINEZ, CA 1,299 13,397 1.740E+10 Distance to SF

MOBILE, AL 8,304 671 5.572E+09

MORGAN CITY, LA 24,325 612 1.489E+10 Distance to New Orleans

NEW ORLEANS, LA 32,771 612 2.006E+10

PASCAGOULA, MS 72,883 642 4.679E+10

PAULSBORO, NJ 612 1,639 1.003E+09 Distance to Wilmington, DE

PERTH AMBOY, NJ 5,519 1,700 9.382E+09 Distance to NY

PORT ARTHUR, TX 103,487 599 6.199E+10

PORT SULPHUR, LA 93 612 5.692E+07 Distance to New Orleans

RICHMOND, CA 1,617 13,402 2.167E+10

TEXAS CITY, TX 36,483 578 2.109E+10

WILMINGTON, DE 1,543 1,639 2.529E+09

Grand Total 567,026 1,061 6.015E+11

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2008 77
U.S. Port City

Quantity Imported 

(Mbbls)

Distance from 

Foreign Port 

(nautical miles)

Quantity x 

Distance 

(bbl-nautical 

miles) Comments

Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals

Country Nigeria

Export Port Bonny Island

ANACORTES, WA 699 12,200 8.528E+09

BATON ROUGE, LA 2,305 5,897 1.359E+10

BEAUMONT, TX 1,194 6,093 7.275E+09

CHICAGO, IL 1,870 5,105 9.546E+09 Distance to NY

CORPUS CHRIS, TX 25,875 6,244 1.616E+11

FREEPORT, TX 18,381 6,141 1.129E+11

GALVESTON, TX 16,461 6,119 1.007E+11

GRAMERCY, LA 2,996 5,897 1.767E+10

HONOLU/PEARL, HA 447 11,662 5.213E+09

HOUSTON, TX 23,048 6,151 1.418E+11

LONG BEACH, CA 946 11,140 1.054E+10

MARCUS HOOK, PA 22,305 5,183 1.156E+11

MOBILE, AL 849 5,833 4.952E+09

MORGAN CITY, LA 45,641 5,897 2.691E+11

NEW ORLEANS, LA 62,431 5,897 3.682E+11

NEWARK, NJ 11,609 5,105 5.926E+10

PASCAGOULA, MS 5,938 5,841 3.468E+10

PAULSBORO, NJ 20,711 5,183 1.073E+11

PHILADELPHIA, PA 87,953 5,183 4.559E+11

PORT ARTHUR, TX 8,336 6,078 5.067E+10

ST ROSE, LA 1,486 5,897 8.763E+09

TEXAS CITY, TX 2,175 6,124 1.332E+10

WILMINGTON, DE 29,382 5,183 1.523E+11

Grand Total 393,038 5,672 2.229E+12

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2008 78
U.S. Port City

Quantity Imported 

(Mbbls)

Distance from 

Foreign Port 

(nautical miles)

Quantity x 

Distance 

(bbl-nautical 

miles) Comments

Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals

Country Saudi Arabia

Export Port Ras Tanura

ANACORTES, WA 6,978 10,751 7.502E+10

BATON ROUGE, LA 3,337 12,263 4.092E+10

BEAUMONT, TX 7,022 12,459 8.749E+10

BLAINE, WA 3,916 10,708 4.193E+10

CORPUS CHRIS, TX 3,171 12,574 3.987E+10

EL SEGUNDO, CA 33,240 11,383 3.784E+11

FREEPORT, TX 2,057 12,496 2.570E+10

GALVESTON, TX 21,224 12,480 2.649E+11

GRAMERCY, LA 499 12,263 6.119E+09

HONOLU/PEARL, HA 8,975 9,574 8.593E+10

HOUSTON, TX 31,038 12,513 3.884E+11

LAKE CHARLES, LA 1,624 12,444 2.021E+10

LONG BEACH, CA 12,339 11,397 1.406E+11

MOBILE, AL 5,067 12,199 6.181E+10

MORGAN CITY, LA 136,117 12,263 1.669E+12

NEW ORLEANS, LA 10,531 12,263 1.291E+11

PAULSBORO, NJ 38,087 11,866 4.519E+11

PORT ARTHUR, TX 87,208 12,444 1.085E+12

RICHMOND, CA 49,928 11,086 5.535E+11

TEXAS CITY, TX 32,219 12,484 4.022E+11

WILMINGTON, DE 30,095 11,866 3.571E+11

Grand Total 524,672 12,018 6.306E+12

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2008 79
U.S. Port City

Quantity Imported 

(Mbbls)

Distance from 

Foreign Port 

(nautical miles)

Quantity x 

Distance 

(bbl-nautical 

miles) Comments

Source/Comments EIA Portworld.com Assumes no transport through Panama or Suez Canals

Country Venezuela

Export Port Amuay/Cardon

BATON ROUGE, LA 2,957 1,601 4.734E+09

BEAUMONT, TX 7,829 1,747 1.368E+10

CORPUS CHRIS, TX 70,913 1,820 1.291E+11

FREEPORT, TX 60,569 1,757 1.064E+11

GALVESTON, TX 35,241 1,749 6.164E+10

GRAMERCY, LA 8,052 1,601 1.289E+10

HONOLU/PEARL, HA 119 12,196 1.451E+09

HOUSTON, TX 43,552 1,785 7.774E+10

LAKE CHARLES, LA 69,202 1,730 1.197E+11

LOS ANGELES, CA 949 11,676 1.108E+10

MARCUS HOOK, PA 6,862 1,743 1.196E+10

MARTINEZ, CA 671 11,998 8.051E+09

MOBILE, AL 748 1,546 1.156E+09

MORGAN CITY, LA 17,117 1,601 2.740E+10

NEW ORLEANS, LA 38,931 1,601 6.233E+10

NEWARK, NJ 617 1,783 1.100E+09

PASCAGOULA, MS 4,332 1,553 6.728E+09

PAULSBORO, NJ 21,208 1,743 3.697E+10

PERTH AMBOY, NJ 2,725 1,783 4.859E+09 Distance to NY

PHIL.,INT.APRT, PA 597 1,743 1.041E+09

PHILADELPHIA, PA 1,334 1,743 2.325E+09

PORT ARTHUR, TX 22,477 1,730 3.889E+10

PORTLAND, OR 430 12,756 5.485E+09 Distance to Seattle

SANFRANCISCO, CA 520 11,992 6.236E+09

SAVANNAH,GA 9,486 1,370 1.300E+10

ST ROSE, LA 578 1,601 9.254E+08

TEXAS CITY, TX 9,568 1,752 1.676E+10

WILMINGTON, DE 13,831 1,743 2.411E+10

Grand Total 451,415 1,789 8.077E+11

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2008 80
U.S. Port City

Quantity Imported 

(Mbbls)

Distance from 

Foreign Port 

(nautical miles)

Quantity x 

Distance 

(bbl-nautical 

miles) Comments

Source/Comments EIA Estimate

Country Other 

Export Port Various

Various 530,630 10,000 5.306E+12 Port-to-Port travel distance is study assumption.

Parameter Value Units Source

Speed Conversion 1.15078 mph/knot

HFO/RFO Energy Content 6.287 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA

HFO/RFO Density 6.66 bbl/tonne EIA

Crude Oil Density 0.8505 g/cm3http://www.iea.org/textbase/work/2004/eswg/SIP9.pdf

Crude Oil Density 0.149 ton/bbl

Ship Name Formosapetro 

Discovery VLCC Sky Wing Suezmax

Service Speed (kt) 15 16.3 15.8 15.5 15.3 15.52

Service Speed (miles/hr) 17.3 18.8 18.2 17.8 17.6 17.9

Fuel Oil Consumption (t/day) 75.4 89.7 97.3 56.7 52.3 51.2

Cargo Volume (m3) 328,458 350,000 340,218 185,447 126,210 126,211

Deadweight (MT) 281,434 300,500 299,997 166,300 114,000 108,000

Crude Oil Volume (bbl) 2,065,938 2,201,434 2,139,907 1,166,426 793,837 793,843

Energy Intensity

Btu/bbl-mile 4.24 4.36 5.02 5.47 7.51 7.25

Btu/ton-mile (est.) 0.000844 0.000867 0.000998 0.001088 0.001493 0.001441

Reference 1 2 3 2 2

1 http://www.ihi.co.jp/ihimu/images/seihin/pl03_2.pdf

2 http://www.brodosplit.hr/Portals/44/Brodosplit%20separati.pdf

3 http://www.ihi.co.jp/ihimu/images/seihin/pl04_2.pdf

Crude Carrier Performance Data for Tankers of Varying Size

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Return to Contents Worksheet

Transport Type Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

Total Transport Profile Including Losses 0.866 kg CO2/bbl delivered to refinery

Total Transport Profile Excluding Losses 0.863 kg CO2/bbl extracted

Pipeline Transport Distance 100 miles Study Assumption

Crude Oil Density 0.153 ton/bbl

Crude Oil API Gravity 30.2 deg API Study Assumption

Transport Type Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

Total Transport Profile Including Losses 4.09 kg CO2/bbl delivered

Total Transport Profile Excluding Losses 4.08 kg CO2/bbl transported

Crude Oil Pipeline 2.81 kg CO2/bbl transported

Water Carriers - Diesel 0.359 kg CO2/bbl transported

Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil 0.880 kg CO2/bbl transported

Railroad 0.00434 kg CO2/bbl transported

Motor Carriers 0.0254 kg CO2/bbl transported

Crude Oil Pipeline - Electricity 217 kg CO2/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

Water Carriers - Diesel 10,147 g CO2/gal fuel EIA 2007 -

Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil 11,793 g CO2/gal fuel EIA 2007 -

Railroad - Diesel 10,147 g CO2/gal fuel EIA 2007 -

Motor Carriers - Diesel 10,147 g CO2/gal fuel API 2004 Table 4-9 -

Transport Type Value Units Source/Comments Year

Water Carriers - Diesel 0.0353 gal fuel/bbl transported

Water Carriers - Residual Fuel Oil 0.0746 gal fuel/bbl transported

Railroad 0.0004 gal fuel/bbl transported 100% Diesel

Motor Carriers 0.0025 gal fuel/bbl transported 100% Diesel

Water Carriers Diesel Fuel Use 30.5% ORNL 2007 -

Water Carriers Residual Fuel Oil Use 69.5% ORNL 2007 -

Diesel Fuel Energy Content 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A -

Residual Fuel Oil Energy Content 6.287 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A -

Transport Type Value Units Source/Comments Year

Energy Use (two-way)

Crude Oil Pipeline 12,997 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl produced/imported

Water Carriers 16,067 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl produced/imported

Railroad 59.4 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl produced/imported

Motor Carriers 347 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl produced/imported

Energy Intensity (one-way)

Petroleum Product Pipeline 260 Btu/ton-mile Wang 2008, Electricity -

Water Carriers 514 Btu HHV/ton-mile ORNL 2007, Table 2.16; Diesel/Fuel Oil - 

Railroad 337 Btu HHV/ton-mile ORNL 2007, Table 2.16; Diesel fuel -

Motor Carriers 822 Btu HHV/ton-mile Diesel fuel -

Motor Carriers 20,539 Btu HHV/vehicle-mile ORNL 2007, Table 2.16; Diesel fuel -

Tanker capacity 25 tons Study Assumption -

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year

Crude Oil Pipeline 283.7 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004

Water Carriers 88.7 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004

Railroad 0.50 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004

Motor Carriers 1.20 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004

Crude Oil Transported 5,675,365 Mbbl 2004

U.S. Crude Oil Production 1,983,302 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004

Imported Crude Oil 3,692,063 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004

This worksheet calculates GHG emissions associated with domestic transport of crude oil. Key assumptions for domestic transport include th

same mix of transport modes. 

Fuel Use for Crude Petroleum Transport

Energy Use for Crude PetroleumTransport

2004 Annual Crude Petroleum Transport Data

GHG Emissions Associated with Transport to Foreign Port for Crude Oil Destined for 

CO2 Emissions for Crude Petroleum Transport

GHG Emissions Associated with Crude Petroleum Transport 

CO2 Emissions for Crude Petroleum Transport

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_US

2008 82
Return to Contents Worksheet

Transport Type

Total Transport Profile Including Losses

Total Transport Profile Excluding Losses

Pipeline Transport Distance

Crude Oil Density

Crude Oil API Gravity

Transport Type

Total Transport Profile Including Losses

Total Transport Profile Excluding Losses

Crude Oil Pipeline

Water Carriers - Diesel

Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil

Railroad

Motor Carriers

Crude Oil Pipeline - Electricity

Water Carriers - Diesel

Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil

Railroad - Diesel

Motor Carriers - Diesel

Transport Type

Water Carriers - Diesel

Water Carriers - Residual Fuel Oil

Railroad

Motor Carriers

Water Carriers Diesel Fuel Use

Water Carriers Residual Fuel Oil Use

Diesel Fuel Energy Content

Residual Fuel Oil Energy Content

Transport Type

Energy Use (two-way)

Crude Oil Pipeline

Water Carriers

Railroad

Motor Carriers

Energy Intensity (one-way)

Petroleum Product Pipeline

Water Carriers

Railroad

Motor Carriers

Motor Carriers

Tanker capacity

Parameter

Crude Oil Pipeline

Water Carriers

Railroad

Motor Carriers

Crude Oil Transported

U.S. Crude Oil Production

Imported Crude Oil

This worksheet calculates GHG emissions associated with domestic transport of crude oil. Key assumptions for domestic transport include th

same mix of transport modes. 

2004 Annual Crude Petroleum Transport Data

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

0.00101 kg CH4/bbl delivered to refinery

0.00100 kg CH4/bbl extracted

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

0.00337 kg CH4/bbl delivered

0.00336 kg CH4/bbl transported

0.00327 kg CH4/bbl transported

0.0000261 kg CH4/bbl transported

0.0000642 kg CH4/bbl transported

0.000000343 kg CH4/bbl transported

0.00000143 kg CH4/bbl transported

0.251 kg CH4/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix)2004

0.74 g CH4/gal fuel EIA 2007 -

0.86 g CH4/gal fuel EIA 2007 -

0.80 g CH4/gal fuel EIA 2007 -

0.57 g CH4/gal fuel API 2004 Table 4-9 -

d with domestic transport of crude oil. Key assumptions for domestic transport include that all crude oil (production and imports) travels the same distance o

GHG Emissions Associated with Transport to Foreign Port for Crude Oil Destined for U.S. Refineries

Methane Emissions for Crude Petroleum Transport

GHG Emissions Associated with Crude Petroleum Transport in the U.S.

Methane Emissions for Crude Petroleum Transport

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_US

2008 83
Return to Contents Worksheet

Transport Type

Total Transport Profile Including Losses

Total Transport Profile Excluding Losses

Pipeline Transport Distance

Crude Oil Density

Crude Oil API Gravity

Transport Type

Total Transport Profile Including Losses

Total Transport Profile Excluding Losses

Crude Oil Pipeline

Water Carriers - Diesel

Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil

Railroad

Motor Carriers

Crude Oil Pipeline - Electricity

Water Carriers - Diesel

Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil

Railroad - Diesel

Motor Carriers - Diesel

Transport Type

Water Carriers - Diesel

Water Carriers - Residual Fuel Oil

Railroad

Motor Carriers

Water Carriers Diesel Fuel Use

Water Carriers Residual Fuel Oil Use

Diesel Fuel Energy Content

Residual Fuel Oil Energy Content

Transport Type

Energy Use (two-way)

Crude Oil Pipeline

Water Carriers

Railroad

Motor Carriers

Energy Intensity (one-way)

Petroleum Product Pipeline

Water Carriers

Railroad

Motor Carriers

Motor Carriers

Tanker capacity

Parameter

Crude Oil Pipeline

Water Carriers

Railroad

Motor Carriers

Crude Oil Transported

U.S. Crude Oil Production

Imported Crude Oil

This worksheet calculates GHG emissions associated with domestic transport of crude oil. Key assumptions for domestic transport include th

same mix of transport modes. 

2004 Annual Crude Petroleum Transport Data

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

0.0000112 kg N2O/bbl delivered to refinery

0.0000112 kg N2O/bbl extracted

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

0.0000692 kg N2O/bbl delivered

0.0000690 kg N2O/bbl transported

0.0000365 kg N2O/bbl transported

0.0000092 kg N2O/bbl transported

0.0000224 kg N2O/bbl transported

0.000000111 kg N2O/bbl transported

0.000000752 kg N2O/bbl transported

0.00281 kg N2O/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix)2004

0.26 g N2O/gal fuel EIA 2007 -

0.30 g N2O/gal fuel EIA 2007 -

0.26 g N2O/gal fuel EIA 2007 -

0.30 g N2O/gal fuel API 2004 Table 4-9 -

domestic transport include that all crude oil (production and imports) travels the same distance on the 

N2O Emissions for Crude Petroleum Transport

N2O Emissions for Crude Petroleum Transport

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Transport_US

2008 84
Return to Contents Worksheet

Country Exporting Gasoline bpd % of Total

kg CO2/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg CH4/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg N2O/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted Source/Comments

ALGERIA 2,463 0% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA < 0.5% of crude oil is imported

ANGOLA 403 0% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

ARGENTINA 24,099 2% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

ARUBA 893 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

AUSTRALIA 110 0% 7.862 0.00171 0.0001191 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

BAHAMAS, The 1,449 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

BELGIUM 29,562 3% 4.424 0.00250 0.0000875 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

BRAZIL 4,570 0% 6.144 0.00555 0.0001148 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

BULGARIA 1,482 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

CANADA 174,436 16% 3.268 0.00116 0.0000711 See below

CHILE 7,882 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

CHINA, PEOPLES REP 2,277 0% 8.676 0.00491 0.0001716 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

COLOMBIA 1,474 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

CONGO (BRAZZAVILLE) 348 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

DENMARK 2,340 0% 5.134 0.00291 0.0001016 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

ECUADOR 2,699 0% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

EGYPT 6,603 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

ESTONIA 25,652 2% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

FINLAND 14,362 1% 5.339 0.00302 0.0001056 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

FRANCE 39,222 4% 5.046 0.00456 0.0000943 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

GABON 66 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

GEORGIA 274 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

GERMANY 28,162 3% 5.432 0.00307 0.0001075 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

GHANA 1,479 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

INDIA 10,616 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

INDONESIA 296 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

IRELAND 2,825 0% 5.134 0.00291 0.0001016 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

ITALY 34,285 3% 6.596 0.00373 0.0001305 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

JAPAN 2,482 0% 5.391 0.00305 0.0001066 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

KOREA, SOUTH 4,899 0% 6.229 0.00139 0.0001477 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia

KUWAIT 137 0% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

LATVIA 18,803 2% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

LITHUANIA 19,047 2% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

MALAYSIA 1,693 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

MARTINIQUE 699 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

MEXICO 1,611 0% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

NETHERLANDS 115,934 10% 4.019 0.00227 0.0000795 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 5,644 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

Crude Oil Transport Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Gasoline to the U.S. in 2005

This worksheet develops the GHG emissions profile for crude oil transport for the crude oil mix to foreign refineries which exported transportation fuels to the U.S. in 2005. The result is a 

separate profile for gasoline, diesel and jet fuel based on a weighted average of the country of export. Canada and Virgin Islands profiles are developed in greater detail due to the higher 

volume of imports from these locations.

Imported Conventional Gasoline (Finished Motor Gasoline and Motor Gasoline Blending Components)

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Transport_Imports

2008 85
NIGERIA 15,367 1% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

NORWAY 14,718 1% 1.461 0.00032 0.0000221 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

PERU 3,208 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

POLAND 88 0% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

PORTUGAL 9,293 1% 8.722 0.00788 0.0001629 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

QATAR 110 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

ROMANIA 2,896 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

RUSSIA 68,255 6% 5.568 0.00503 0.0001040 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

SAUDI ARABIA 18,460 2% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

SINGAPORE 2,364 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

SPAIN 24,364 2% 7.524 0.00679 0.0001405 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

SWEDEN 14,142 1% 3.828 0.00217 0.0000757 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

TAIWAN 3,841 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

THAILAND 189 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 8,995 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

TURKEY 11,584 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

TURKMENISTAN 542 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

UNITED KINGDOM 114,118 10% 2.875 0.00163 0.0000569 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

URUGUAY 3,192 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

VENEZUELA 83,745 8% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 115,967 10% 2.435 0.00108 0.0000508 See below

Imported Gasoline Mix 1,106,712 100% 3.859 0.00239 0.0000757

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 86
Country bpd % of Total

kg CO2/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg CH4/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg N2O/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted Source/Comments

ALGERIA 819 1% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA < 0.5% of crude oil is imported

ARUBA 12,729 8% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

BELGIUM 1,296 1% 4.424 0.00250 0.0000875 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

CANADA 58,710 37% 3.268 0.00116 0.0000711 See below

DENMARK 2,074 1% 5.134 0.00291 0.0001016 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

ESTONIA 1,186 1% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

FRANCE 389 0% 5.046 0.00456 0.0000943 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

GERMANY 764 0% 5.432 0.00307 0.0001075 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

INDONESIA 1,868 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

JAPAN 1,729 1% 5.391 0.00305 0.0001066 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

KAZAKHSTAN 564 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

KOREA, SOUTH 4,542 3% 6.229 0.00139 0.0001477 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia

KUWAIT 633 0% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

LATVIA 1,751 1% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

LITHUANIA 370 0% 5.201 0.00294 0.0001029 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

NETHERLANDS 8,279 5% 4.019 0.00227 0.0000795 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 318 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

NORWAY 712 0% 1.461 0.00032 0.0000221 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

PHILIPPINES 110 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

RUSSIA 99 0% 5.568 0.00503 0.0001040 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

SINGAPORE 2,044 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

SWEDEN 1,197 1% 3.828 0.00217 0.0000757 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

TAIWAN 1,449 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

UNITED KINGDOM 814 1% 2.875 0.00163 0.0000569 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

VENEZUELA 3,734 2% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 48,984 31% 2.435 0.00108 0.0000508 See below

Imported Diesel Mix 157,164 100% 3.435 0.00161 0.0000711

Imported Conventional Diesel (<500 ppm sulfur)

Crude Oil Transport Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Diesel to the U.S. in 2005

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Transport_Imports

2008 87
Country bpd % of Total

kg CO2/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg CH4/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg N2O/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted Source/Comments

ALGERIA 1,458 1% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA < 0.5% of crude oil is imported

ARGENTINA 490 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

ARUBA 8,140 4% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

BELGIUM 786 0% 4.424 0.00250 0.0000875 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

CANADA 11,408 6% 3.268 0.00116 0.0000711 See below

CHINA, PEOPLES REP 282 0% 8.676 0.00491 0.0001716 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

COLOMBIA 1,181 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

FRANCE 2,329 1% 5.046 0.00456 0.0000943 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

INDIA 4,236 2% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

IRAQ 1,962 1% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per EIA no crude oil imports

JAPAN 3,345 2% 5.391 0.00305 0.0001066 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

KOREA, SOUTH 41,641 22% 6.229 0.00139 0.0001477 Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia

KUWAIT 7,173 4% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

MALAYSIA 548 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

MEXICO 5,178 3% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

NETHERLANDS 1,570 1% 4.019 0.00227 0.0000795 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 449 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

QATAR 68 0% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

RUSSIA 890 0% 5.568 0.00503 0.0001040 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

SAUDI ARABIA 8,074 4% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

SINGAPORE 12,745 7% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

TAIWAN 11,701 6% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 2,521 1% 5.514 0.00356 0.0001046 Average Profile

UNITED KINGDOM 288 0% 2.875 0.00163 0.0000569 Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

VENEZUELA 29,847 16% 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 31,740 17% 2.435 0.00108 0.0000508 See below

Imported Jet Fuel Mix 190,049 100% 3.684 0.00180 0.0000763

Crude Oil Transport Emissions Factors for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel to the U.S. in 2005

Imported Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

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Transport_Imports

2008 88
Parameter

Nautical 

miles

kg CO2/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg CH4/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg N2O/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted Source/Comments

Pipeline Transport 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112

South Korea Ocean Transport 6,190 5.37 0.000391 0.000136 Saudi Arabia to South Korea

Parameter Factor Units Source/Comments

Crude Carrier Energy Intensity 

(roundtrip) 11.0 Btu HHV/bbl-nautical mile See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Crude Carrier Energy Intensity (oneway) 5.5 Btu HHV/bbl-nautical mile See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Roundtrip Factor 2

Heavy fuel oil CO2 Emissions Factor 78.8 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Heavy fuel oil CH4 Emissions Factor 0.00575 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Heavy fuel oil N2O Emissions Factor 0.00200 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Pipeline Transport Energy Intensity 260 Btu HHV/ton-mile Wang 2008, Electricity

Pipeline CO2 Emissions Factor 217 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix)

Pipeline CH4 Emissions Factor 0.251 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix)

Pipeline N2O Emissions Factor 0.00281 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix)

Foreign In-Country Transport Distance 100 miles Study Assumption

Crude Oil Density 0.153 ton/bbl

Crude Oil API Gravity 30.2 Study Assumption

Transport Factors

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 89
Country

Quantity in 

bpd

kg CO2/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg CH4/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg N2O/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted Source/Comments

Ocean Transport 905,729 4.31 0.000314 0.000109 Excludes crude oil imports from U.S. and Canadian crude oil inputs to Canadian refineries

Russia, UK, Norway Transport 408,147 2.19 0.001037 0.0000389 Portion of GaBi delivered crude oil profile assigned to transport

Pipeline Transport 1,437,687 0.863 0.00100 0.0000112 Pipeline transport assumptions are applied to all crude oil input to Canadian refineries, excluding Russia, Norway, UK 

Total 1,845,833 3.27 0.00116 0.0000711

Country

Nautical 

miles

kg CO2/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg CH4/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg N2O/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted Source/Comments

Algeria 3,294 465,889 34.0 11.8 Portworld.com

Angola 5,806 78,771.6 5.7 2.0 Portworld.com

Iraq 12,180 691,853.8 50.4 17.6 Portworld.com

Nigeria 5,211 110,979.6 8.1 2.8 Portworld.com

Saudi Arabia 12,003 786,289.3 57.3 20.0 Portworld.com

Venezuala 2,676 112,131.8 8.2 2.9 Portworld.com

Russia 15,970 301,209.5 22.0 7.7 Portworld.com

Norway 2,759 575,345.4 41.9 14.6 Portworld.com

United Kingdom 2,867 362,350.1 26.4 9.2 Portworld.com

United States 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Portworld.com

Mexico 2,825 90,854.5 6.6 2.3 Portworld.com

Ecuador 10,843 56,897.2 4.1 1.4 Portworld.com

Other Imports 5,000 266,916.8 19.5 6.8 Portworld.com

Total 4,967 3,899,488 284.3 99.2

Parameter Factor Units Source/Comments

Crude Carrier Energy Intensity 

(roundtrip) 11.0 Btu HHV/bbl-nautical mile See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Crude Carrier Energy Intensity (oneway) 5.5 Btu HHV/bbl-nautical mile See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Roundtrip Factor 2

Heavy fuel oil CO2 Emissions Factor 78.8 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Heavy fuel oil CH4 Emissions Factor 0.00575 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Heavy fuel oil N2O Emissions Factor 0.00200 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Pipeline Transport Energy Intensity 260 Btu HHV/ton-mile Wang, 2008

Pipeline CO2 Emissions Factor 217 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV Electricity Profile

Pipeline CH4 Emissions Factor 0.251 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV Electricity Profile

Pipeline N2O Emissions Factor 0.00281 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV Electricity Profile

Foreign and In-Canada Transport 

Distance 100 miles Study Assumption

Crude Oil Density 0.153 ton/bbl

Crude Oil API Gravity 30.2 Study Assumption

Transport Factors

Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Transport to Canadian Refineries

Ocean Transport One-Way Distance Assumptions and Round Trip Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Input to Canadian Refineries

Canadian Profile

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 90
Country bpd

Thousand 

m

3

/year % of Imports Source/Comments

Algeria 163,170 9,469 18% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

Angola 15,652 908 2% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

Iraq 65,531 3,803 7% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

Nigeria 24,570 1,426 3% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

Saudi Arabia 75,574 4,386 8% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

Venezuala 48,342 2,805 5% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

Russia 21,759 1,263 2% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

Norway 240,579 13,961 26% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

United Kingdom 145,808 8,461 16% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

United States 21,130 1,226 2% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

Mexico 37,103 2,153 4% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

Equador 6,054 351 1% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

Other Imports 61,587 3,574 7% Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2

Canada (Light+Heavy) 558,370 32,402 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4

Canada Synthetic (Light) 255,663 14,836 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4

Canada Crude Bitumen 70,056 4,065 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4

Condensates + Pentane 34,885 2,024 Statistics Canada; Energy Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4

Country

Quantity in 

bpd

kg CO2/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg CH4/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg N2O/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted Source/Comments

Ocean Transport 461,395 1.50 0.000109 0.0000381 see below; applied to all crude oil input to Virgin Island refinery

UK, Norway Transport 36,556 1.79 0.000618 0.0000301 Portion of GaBi delivered crude oil profile assigned to transport

Pipeline Transport 424,838 0.863 0.001003 0.0000112 Pipeline transport assumptions are applied to all crude oil input to Virgin Island refinery, excluding Norway, UK 

Total 461,395 2.435 0.00108 0.0000508

Country

Nautical 

miles

kg CO2/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg CH4/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted

kg N2O/bbl 

crude oil 

extracted Source/Comments

Angola 4,925 34,082 2.48 0.87 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com

Colombia 685 5,259 0.38 0.13 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com

Ivory Coast 3,714 8,317 0.61 0.21 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com

Gabon 4,525 256,828 18.72 6.53 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com

Iraq 10,857 11,602 0.85 0.30 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com

Nigeria 4,378 113,638 8.29 2.89 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com

Norway 3,938 96,129 7.01 2.44 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com

Peru 8,287 7,104 0.52 0.18 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com

United Kingdom 3,727 27,119 1.98 0.69 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com

Venezuala 492 131,252 9.57 3.34 EIA 2008 and Portworld.com

Total 1,729 691,330 50.4 17.6

Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Transport to Virgin Island Refinery

Crude Oil Input to Canada

Ocean Transport One-Way Distance Assumptions and Round Trip Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Input to Virgin Island Refinery

Virgin Islands Profile

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 91
Parameter Factor Units Source/Comments

Crude Carrier Energy Intensity 

(roundtrip) 11.0 Btu HHV/bbl-nautical mile See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Crude Carrier Energy Intensity (oneway) 5.5 Btu HHV/bbl-nautical mile See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Roundtrip Factor 2

Heavy fuel oil CO2 Emissions Factor 78.8 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Heavy fuel oil CH4 Emissions Factor 0.00575 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Heavy fuel oil N2O Emissions Factor 0.00200 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV See Ocean Transport_US worksheet

Pipeline Transport Energy Intensity 260 Btu HHV/ton-mile Wang 2008, Electricity

Pipeline CO2 Emissions Factor 217 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix)

Pipeline CH4 Emissions Factor 0.251 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix)

Pipeline N2O Emissions Factor 0.00281 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix)

Foreign and In-Virgin Islands Transport 

Distance 100 miles Study Assumption

Crude Oil Density 0.153 ton/bbl

Crude Oil API Gravity 30.2 Study Assumption

Country bpd % of Total Mbbl/yr Source/Comments

Angola 7,984 2% 2,914 EIA Petroleum Navigator

Colombia 8,858 2% 3,233 EIA Petroleum Navigator

Ivory Coast 2,584 1% 943 EIA Petroleum Navigator

Gabon 65,479 14% 23,900 EIA Petroleum Navigator

Iraq 1,233 0% 450 EIA Petroleum Navigator

Nigeria 29,945 6% 10,930 EIA Petroleum Navigator

Norway 28,162 6% 10,279 EIA Petroleum Navigator

Peru 989 0% 361 EIA Petroleum Navigator

United Kingdom 8,395 2% 3,064 EIA Petroleum Navigator

Venezuela 307,767 67% 112,335 EIA Petroleum Navigator

Transport Factors

Crude Oil Input to Virgin Islands

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 92
Source/Comments Year

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA < 0.5% of crude oil is imported

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

Average Profile

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average Profile

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average Profile

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Gasoline to the U.S. in 2005

de oil mix to foreign refineries which exported transportation fuels to the U.S. in 2005. The result is a 

ountry of export. Canada and Virgin Islands profiles are developed in greater detail due to the higher 

ished Motor Gasoline and Motor Gasoline Blending Components)

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 93
In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average Profile

Average Profile

Average Profile

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 94
Source/Comments Year

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA < 0.5% of crude oil is imported

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

Average Profile

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports

Conventional Diesel (<500 ppm sulfur)

s for Crude Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Diesel to the U.S. in 2005

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 95
Source/Comments Year

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA < 0.5% of crude oil is imported 2005

Average Profile 2005

Average Profile 2005

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005

2005

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005

Average Profile 2005

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005

Average Profile 2005

In-country pipeline transport only; per EIA no crude oil imports 2005

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005

Assumes all crude oil to South Korean refineries is from Saudi Arabia 2005

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports 2005

Average Profile 2005

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports 2005

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005

Average Profile 2005

Average Profile 2005

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports 2005

Average Profile 2005

Average Profile 2005

Average Profile 2005

Average profile based on GaBi - Country-specific consumption mix; delivered profile adjusted to exclude extraction 2005

In-country pipeline transport only; per IEA no crude oil imports 2005

2005

2005

e Oil Mix to Countries Exporting Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel to the U.S. in 2005

ported Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 96
Year

Year

Transport_US worksheet

Transport_US worksheet

Transport_US worksheet

Transport_US worksheet

Transport_US worksheet

RID (2004 U.S. mix)

RID (2004 U.S. mix)

RID (2004 U.S. mix)

Transport Factors

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 97
Year

ude oil imports from U.S. and Canadian crude oil inputs to Canadian refineries

aBi delivered crude oil profile assigned to transport

nsport assumptions are applied to all crude oil input to Canadian refineries, excluding Russia, Norway, UK 

Year

Year

Transport_US worksheet

Transport_US worksheet

Transport_US worksheet

Transport_US worksheet

Transport_US worksheet

Transport Factors

for Crude Oil Transport to Canadian Refineries

s and Round Trip Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Input to Canadian Refineries

Canadian Profile

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 98
Year

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.5-2 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005

Statistics Handbook, Catalogue no. 57-601-x Table 4.4 2005

Year

applied to all crude oil input to Virgin Island refinery

aBi delivered crude oil profile assigned to transport

nsport assumptions are applied to all crude oil input to Virgin Island refinery, excluding Norway, UK 

Year

or Crude Oil Transport to Virgin Island Refinery

Crude Oil Input to Canada

 and Round Trip Emissions Profile for Crude Oil Input to Virgin Island Refinery

Virgin Islands Profile

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 99
Year

Transport_US worksheet

Transport_US worksheet

Transport_US worksheet

Transport_US worksheet

Transport_US worksheet

RID (2004 U.S. mix)

RID (2004 U.S. mix)

RID (2004 U.S. mix)

Year

2005

2005

2005

2005

2005

2005

2005

2005

2005

2005

Transport Factors

rude Oil Input to Virgin Islands

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Transport_Imports

2008 100
Return to Contents Worksheet

Source kg CO2

 / day kg CH4 / day kg N2O / day

Fuels Consumed 624,991,991 293,085 10,768

Fuels Combustion at Refinery 517,361,504 12,983 9,281

Purchased Stm & Electricity 93,451,488 113,716 1,178

Acquisition of Natural Gas and Coal 14,178,999 166,386 309

H2 Production (not included in above) 76,321,567 109,133 273

Flaring 5,337,947 2,524 57

Venting/Fugitive Emissions 45,159

Total 706,651,505 449,900 11,099

Gasoline Diesel

Kerosene/ 

Kerosene-Type Jet 

Fuel

kg CO2 / day 359,917,569 201,040,200 49,133,312

kg CO2 / bbl refined 46.1 50.8 30.5

kg CO2/MMBtu LHV 9.41 9.22 5.83

kg CH4 / day 437,593 246,893 60,304

kg CH4 / bbl refined 0.0560 0.0624 0.0374

kg CH4/MMBtu LHV 0.0114 0.0113 0.00716

kg N2O/ day 5,841 3,117 764

kg N2O / bbl refined 0.000747 0.000788 0.000474

kg N2O/MMBtu LHV 0.000153 0.000143 0.0000906

kg CO2E / day 372,598,115 208,141,441 50,868,558

kg CO2E / bbl refined 47.7 52.6 31.6

kg CO2E / MMBtu 9.74 9.55 6.04

Summary of LC Stage #3 Emissions (excluding upstream emissions associated with fuels produced and consume

This worksheet provides the total GHG emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #3 (Refinery Operations) for U.S. refineries. Information included is the t

emissions as allocated to each product, and key information used in the allocation calculations. These same profiles are also used for liquid production of g

refineries. 

CO2 Emissions

Methane Emissions

N2O Emissions

GHG Emissions

Life Cycle Stage #3 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Pro

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Summary

2008 101
Gasoline Diesel

Kerosene/ 

Kerosene-Type Jet 

Fuel

kg CO2 / day 331,318,462 185,980,305 45,439,475

kg CO2 / bbl refined 42.4 47.0 28.2

kg CO2/MMBtu LHV 8.67 8.53 5.39

kg CH4 / day 208,272 126,135 30,685

kg CH4 / bbl refined 0.0266 0.0319 0.0190

kg CH4/MMBtu LHV 0.0054 0.0058 0.00364

kg N2O/ day 5,245 2,803 687

kg N2O / bbl refined 0.000671 0.000709 0.000426

kg N2O/MMBtu LHV 0.000137 0.000129 0.0000815

Total Production (bpd) 7,815,792 3,954,378 1,611,395

Fraction of total refinery production attributable to each product 0.452 0.229 0.093

Products Used for Fuel in Refinery (bpd) 2,086 4,154 2,086

H2 requirement (MMscf/day) 2,751 2,414 577

Fraction of H2 requirement attributable to products 0.430 0.377 0.090

H2 energy component included in refinery fuels consumed total (MMBtu HHV/day) 496,515 435,813 104,212

Estimated Energy Requirement (MMBtu HHV/day) [excluding H2 component] 2,378,144 1,077,944 267,076

Fraction of refinery energy usage attributable to products [including H2 component] 0.474 0.249 0.061

Total refinery energy usage attributable to products (MMBtu HHV/day) 3,811,449 2,007,056 492,284

Average product energy content (MMBtu LHV/bbl) 4.892 5.512 5.230

Methane Emissions

N2O Emissions

Life Cycle Stage #3 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Pro

 (excluding upstream emissions associated with fuels produced and subsequently 

CO2 Emissions

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Summary

2008 102
Gasoline Diesel

Kerosene/ 

Kerosene-Type Jet 

Fuel

Throughput Energy Intensity H2 Consumption

Unit Operation bpd MBtu HHV/bbl scf/bbl

Atmospheric Distillation 15,578,000 110 0 7,045,388 3,564,595 1,452,559

Vacuum Distillation 7,138,700 90 0 3,276,705 1,507,466 138,222

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 5,269,000 189 0 3,161,400 988,595 80,570

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 376,247 107 1,000 282,186 37,625 56,437

Gas Oil 654,873 107 1,200 327,436 261,949 65,487

Residual 140,880 107 1,400 19,140 56,352 14,088

Coking

Delayed 1,887,836 147 0 188,784 849,526 94,392

Fluid 166,164 99 0 16,616 74,774 8,308

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 101,251 59 186 96,189 0 0

Reformer Feed* 3,419,136 59 186 0 0 0

Gasoline 1,645,176 59 419 1,645,176 0 0

Heavy Gas Oil 2,045,632 59 745 1,110,476 542,093 28,301

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 768,560 59 466 0 0 768,560

Diesel Fuel 2,360,634 59 559 0 2,360,634 0

Other Distillate 698,688 59 652 463,953 234,735 0

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 261,680 59 839 0 0 0

Other 545,632 59 839 251,167 127,077 51,783

Catalytic Reforming* 3,419,136 253 (1,000) 0 0 0

Alkylation 1,052,707 270 0 1,052,707 0 0

Isomerization

Isobutane 177,650 343 0 177,650 0 0

Isopentane/Isohexane 343,903 166 0 343,903 0 0

Lubricants 167,775 1,410 0 0 0 0

Sulfur (short tons) 22,695 190 0 0 0 0

* Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet)

Volumetric Throughput Allocated 

Unit Operation Data

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Summary

2008 103
Return to Contents Worksheet

Source

Fuels Consumed 

Fuels Combustion at Refinery

Purchased Stm & Electricity

Acquisition of Natural Gas and Coal

H2 Production (not included in above)

Flaring

Venting/Fugitive Emissions

Total

kg CO2 / day

kg CO2 / bbl refined

kg CO2/MMBtu LHV

kg CH4 / day

kg CH4 / bbl refined

kg CH4/MMBtu LHV

kg N2O/ day

kg N2O / bbl refined

kg N2O/MMBtu LHV

kg CO2E / day

kg CO2E / bbl refined

kg CO2E / MMBtu

Summary of LC Stage #3 Emissions (excluding upstream emissions associated with fuels produced and consume

This worksheet provides the total GHG emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #3 (Refinery Operations) for U.S. refineries. Information included is the t

emissions as allocated to each product, and key information used in the allocation calculations. These same profiles are also used for liquid production of g

refineries. 

CO2 Emissions

Methane Emissions

N2O Emissions

GHG Emissions

Allocation Basis

Relative to energy usage of units as allocated to products

Relative to H2 usage of units as allocated to products

Relative to energy usage of units as allocated to products

Relative to energy usage of units as allocated to products

Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends

22,386,666 35,390,411 48,659,618

35.7 42.4 28.9

27,354 42,445 58,707

 0.0436 0.0508 0.0349

355 609 817

0.000566 0.000729 0.000485

23,176,393 36,632,962 50,370,628

36.9 43.9 29.9

Summary of LC Stage #3 Emissions (excluding upstream emissions associated with fuels produced and consumed in refinery)

HG emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #3 (Refinery Operations) for U.S. refineries. Information included is the total emissions associated with the refinery, the G

uct, and key information used in the allocation calculations. These same profiles are also used for liquid production of gasoline, diesel and kerosene-based jet fuel for fo

Life Cycle Stage #3 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Summary

2008 104
kg CO2 / day

kg CO2 / bbl refined

kg CO2/MMBtu LHV

kg CH4 / day

kg CH4 / bbl refined

kg CH4/MMBtu LHV

kg N2O/ day

kg N2O / bbl refined

kg N2O/MMBtu LHV

Total Production (bpd)

Fraction of total refinery production attributable to each product

Products Used for Fuel in Refinery (bpd)

H2 requirement (MMscf/day)

Fraction of H2 requirement attributable to products

H2 energy component included in refinery fuels consumed total (MMBtu HHV/day)

Estimated Energy Requirement (MMBtu HHV/day) [excluding H2 component]

Fraction of refinery energy usage attributable to products [including H2 component]

Total refinery energy usage attributable to products (MMBtu HHV/day)

Average product energy content (MMBtu LHV/bbl)

Methane Emissions

N2O Emissions

CO2 Emissions

Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends

20,658,206 32,361,659 44,624,723

32.9 38.8 26.5

13,494 18,159 26,354

 0.0215 0.0217 0.0157

319 546 732

0.000509 0.000654 0.000435

627,600 834,877 1,683,562

0.036 0.048 0.097

8,132 247,708 666,225

219 63 210

0.034 0.010 0.033

39,612 11,295 37,956

134,126 293,142 367,614

0.029 0.050 0.067

230,355 403,647 537,737

Allocation Data

Life Cycle Stage #3 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product

 (excluding upstream emissions associated with fuels produced and subsequently consumed in refinery)

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Summary

2008 105
Throughput Energy Intensity H2

 Consumption

Unit Operation bpd MBtu HHV/bbl scf/bbl

Atmospheric Distillation 15,578,000 110 0

Vacuum Distillation 7,138,700 90 0

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 5,269,000 189 0

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 376,247 107 1,000

Gas Oil 654,873 107 1,200

Residual 140,880 107 1,400

Coking

Delayed 1,887,836 147 0

Fluid 166,164 99 0

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 101,251 59 186

Reformer Feed* 3,419,136 59 186

Gasoline 1,645,176 59 419

Heavy Gas Oil 2,045,632 59 745

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 768,560 59 466

Diesel Fuel 2,360,634 59 559

Other Distillate 698,688 59 652

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 261,680 59 839

Other 545,632 59 839

Catalytic Reforming* 3,419,136 253 (1,000)

Alkylation 1,052,707 270 0

Isomerization

Isobutane 177,650 343 0

Isopentane/Isohexane 343,903 166 0

Lubricants 167,775 1,410 0

Sulfur (short tons) 22,695 190 0

* Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet)

Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends

565,737 752,583 1,517,613

627,600 834,877 0

0 238,981 799,455

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 547,689 207,445

0 48,207 18,259

0 0 5,063

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 83,945 280,817

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

261,680 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

0 0 0

catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet)

Volumetric Throughput Allocated to Products

bpd

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Summary

2008 106
Return to Contents Worksheet

Source

Fuels Consumed 

Fuels Combustion at Refinery

Purchased Stm & Electricity

Acquisition of Natural Gas and Coal

H2 Production (not included in above)

Flaring

Venting/Fugitive Emissions

Total

kg CO2 / day

kg CO2 / bbl refined

kg CO2/MMBtu LHV

kg CH4 / day

kg CH4 / bbl refined

kg CH4/MMBtu LHV

kg N2O/ day

kg N2O / bbl refined

kg N2O/MMBtu LHV

kg CO2E / day

kg CO2E / bbl refined

kg CO2E / MMBtu

Summary of LC Stage #3 Emissions (excluding upstream emissions associated with fuels produced and consume

This worksheet provides the total GHG emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #3 (Refinery Operations) for U.S. refineries. Information included is the t

emissions as allocated to each product, and key information used in the allocation calculations. These same profiles are also used for liquid production of g

refineries. 

CO2 Emissions

Methane Emissions

N2O Emissions

GHG Emissions

Heavy Ends Total

50,508,452 767,036,228

67.0

60,799 934,095

 0.0807

856 12,359

0.001135

52,283,444 794,071,542

69.4

 (Refinery Operations) for U.S. refineries. Information included is the total emissions associated with the refinery, the GHG 

culations. These same profiles are also used for liquid production of gasoline, diesel and kerosene-based jet fuel for foreign 

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Summary

2008 107
kg CO2 / day

kg CO2 / bbl refined

kg CO2/MMBtu LHV

kg CH4 / day

kg CH4 / bbl refined

kg CH4/MMBtu LHV

kg N2O/ day

kg N2O / bbl refined

kg N2O/MMBtu LHV

Total Production (bpd)

Fraction of total refinery production attributable to each product

Products Used for Fuel in Refinery (bpd)

H2 requirement (MMscf/day)

Fraction of H2 requirement attributable to products

H2 energy component included in refinery fuels consumed total (MMBtu HHV/day)

Estimated Energy Requirement (MMBtu HHV/day) [excluding H2 component]

Fraction of refinery energy usage attributable to products [including H2 component]

Total refinery energy usage attributable to products (MMBtu HHV/day)

Average product energy content (MMBtu LHV/bbl)

Methane Emissions

N2O Emissions

CO2 Emissions

Heavy Ends Total

46,268,675 706,651,505

61.4

26,802 449,900

 0.0356

767 11,099

0.001018

753,830 17,281,433

0.044 1.00

2,086 932,477

169 6,404

0.026 1.00

30,463 1,155,866

395,701 4,913,747

0.070 1.00

565,042 8,047,569

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Summary

2008 108
Throughput Energy Intensity H2

 Consumption

Unit Operation bpd MBtu HHV/bbl scf/bbl

Atmospheric Distillation 15,578,000 110 0

Vacuum Distillation 7,138,700 90 0

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 5,269,000 189 0

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 376,247 107 1,000

Gas Oil 654,873 107 1,200

Residual 140,880 107 1,400

Coking

Delayed 1,887,836 147 0

Fluid 166,164 99 0

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 101,251 59 186

Reformer Feed* 3,419,136 59 186

Gasoline 1,645,176 59 419

Heavy Gas Oil 2,045,632 59 745

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 768,560 59 466

Diesel Fuel 2,360,634 59 559

Other Distillate 698,688 59 652

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 261,680 59 839

Other 545,632 59 839

Catalytic Reforming* 3,419,136 253 (1,000)

Alkylation 1,052,707 270 0

Isomerization

Isobutane 177,650 343 0

Isopentane/Isohexane 343,903 166 0

Lubricants 167,775 1,410 0

Sulfur (short tons) 22,695 190 0

* Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet)

Heavy Ends Total

679,525 15,578,000

753,830 7,138,700

0 5,269,000

0 376,247

0 654,873

51,300 140,880

0 1,887,836

0 166,164

0 101,251

0 0

0 1,645,176

0 2,045,632

0 768,560

0 2,360,634

0 698,688

0 261,680

115,605 545,632

0 0

0 1,052,707

0 177,650

0 343,903

167,775 167,775

22,695 22,695

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Summary

2008 109
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Gasoline Diesel

Kerosene/ KeroseneType Jet Fuel Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends Total

kg CO2 / day 609,928,226 327,532,395 100,678,416 42,462,263 62,096,353 102,513,196 74,621,884 1,319,832,732

kg CO2 / bbl refined 78.0 82.8 62.5 67.7 74.4 60.9 99.0

kg CH4 / day 4,187,525 2,144,160 833,433 328,469 443,009 866,462 422,479 9,225,538

kg CH4 / bbl refined 0.536 0.542 0.517 0.523 0.531 0.515 0.560

kg N2O/ day 12,072 6,270 2,049 856 1,274 2,159 1,457 26,136

kg N2O / bbl refined 0.00154 0.00159 0.00127 0.00136 0.00153 0.00128 0.00193

kg CO2 / day 250,010,656 126,492,195 51,545,104 20,075,597 26,705,941 53,853,578 24,113,432 552,796,504

kg CO2 / bbl refined 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0 32.0

kg CH4 / day 3,749,932 1,897,267 773,130 301,116 400,565 807,755 361,679 8,291,443

kg CH4 / bbl refined 0.480 0.480 0.480 0.480 0.480 0.480 0.480

kg N2O/ day 6,231 3,152 1,285 500 666 1,342 601 13,777

kg N2O / bbl refined 0.000797 0.000797 0.000797 0.000797 0.000797 0.000797 0.000797

kg CO2 / day 359,917,569 201,040,200 49,133,312 22,386,666 35,390,411 48,659,618 50,508,452 767,036,228

kg CO2 / bbl refined 46.1 50.8 30.5 35.7 42.4 28.9 67.0

kg CH4 / day 437,593 246,893 60,304 27,354 42,445 58,707 60,799 934,095

kg CH4 / bbl refined 0.0560 0.0624 0.0374 0.0436 0.0508 0.0349 0.0807

kg N2O/ day 5,841 3,117 764 355 609 817 856 12,359

kg N2O / bbl refined 0.000747 0.000788 0.000474 0.000566 0.000729 0.000485 0.00114

Total Production (bpd) 7,815,792 3,954,378 1,611,395 627,600 834,877 1,683,562 753,830 17,281,433

0.452 0.229 0.093 0.036 0.048 0.097 0.044 1.00

0.474 0.249 0.061 0.029 0.050 0.067 0.070 1.00

Allocation Data from Life Cycle Stage #2 Analysis

CO2 Emissions

N2O Emissions

Fraction of total refinery production 

attributable to each product

Fraction of total refinery energy usage 

attributable to products

 Methane Emissions 

N2O Emissions

Life Cycle Stage #3 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product

This worksheet calculates the emissions associated with products produced within the refinery that are subsequently consumed within the refinery as a fuel. This requires an 

interative calculation to incorporate the upstream emissions associated with producing the refinery fuel.

CO2 Emissions

 Methane Emissions 

CO2 Emissions

 Methane Emissions 

N2O Emissions

Life Cycle Stages #1 and #2 Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product

Life Cycle Stages #1-3 (Cradle to Gate) Emissions Associated with Each Refinery Product

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery-Produced Fuels

2008 110
Fuel bpd kg CO2

 / day kg CH4 / day kg N2O / day Sources/Comments

LPG 11,438 696,489 5,887 14.7 Calculated here - iterative

Distillate 2,068 171,329 1,122 3.28 Calculated here - iterative

Residual Fuel Oil 6,047 409,100 3,165 8.24 Calculated here - iterative

Still Gas 652,701 39,743,423 335,919 837 Calculated here - iterative

Petroleum Coke 245,622 18,268,835 130,334 375 Calculated here - iterative

Other Products 14,600 1,095,546 7,768 21.9 Calculated here - iterative

Total 60,384,723 484,194 1,260 Allocated based on refinery energy usage

Category kg CO2 / bbl kg CH4 / bbl kg N2O / bbl

LPG Light Ends 60.9 0.515 0.00128

Distillate Diesel 82.8 0.542 0.00159

Residual Fuel Oil Residual Fuel Oil 67.7 0.523 0.00136

Still Gas Light Ends 60.9 0.515 0.00128

Petroleum Coke Coke 74.4 0.531 0.00153

Other Products Average 75.0 0.532 0.00150

Cradle to Gate Emissions Associated with Fuels Consumed at the Refinery

Emissions Summary of Fuels Produced and Subsequently Consumed in the Refinery - Full Profile

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery-Produced Fuels

2008 111
Return to Contents Worksheet

Gasoline Diesel

Kerosene/ 

Kerosene-Type Jet 

Fuel Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends

Total 46.05 50.84 30.49 35.67 42.39 28.90 67.00

Refinery Fuels Combustion 31.35 32.63 19.64 23.60 31.08 20.53 48.19

Steam/Electricity Acquisition 5.66 5.89 3.55 4.26 5.61 3.71 8.70

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.86 0.89 0.54 0.65 0.85 0.56 1.32

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition 3.66 3.81 2.29 2.75 3.63 2.40 5.62

H2 Production* 4.19 7.28 4.27 4.17 0.89 1.49 2.67

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.32 0.34 0.20 0.24 0.32 0.21 0.50

Total 0.05599 0.06244 0.03742 0.04358 0.05084 0.03487 0.08065

Refinery Fuels Combustion 0.00079 0.00082 0.00049 0.00059 0.00078 0.00052 0.00121

Steam/Electricity Acquisition 0.00689 0.00717 0.00432 0.00519 0.00683 0.00451 0.01059

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.01008 0.01049 0.00632 0.00759 0.01000 0.00660 0.01550

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition 0.02934 0.03054 0.01838 0.02208 0.02909 0.01922 0.04510

H2 Production* 0.00600 0.01041 0.00611 0.00596 0.00128 0.00213 0.00382

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.00289 0.00301 0.00181 0.00217 0.00286 0.00189 0.00444

Total 0.000747 0.000788 0.000474 0.000566 0.000729 0.000485 0.001135

Refinery Fuels Combustion 0.000562 0.000585 0.000352 0.000423 0.000558 0.000368 0.000864

Steam/Electricity Acquisition 0.000071 0.000074 0.000045 0.000054 0.000071 0.000047 0.000110

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.000019 0.000019 0.000012 0.000014 0.000019 0.000012 0.000029

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition 0.000076 0.000079 0.000048 0.000057 0.000076 0.000050 0.000117

H2 Production* 0.000015 0.000026 0.000015 0.000015 0.000003 0.000005 0.000010

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.000003 0.000004 0.000002 0.000003 0.000003 0.000002 0.000005

Total 47.67 52.64 31.57 36.93 43.88 29.92 69.36

Refinery Fuels Combustion 31.54 32.82 19.76 23.74 31.27 20.66 48.48

Steam/Electricity Acquisition 5.86 6.10 3.67 4.41 5.81 3.84 9.00

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 1.12 1.16 0.70 0.84 1.11 0.73 1.72

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition 4.42 4.60 2.77 3.32 4.38 2.89 6.79

H2 Production* 4.35 7.55 4.43 4.32 0.93 1.54 2.77

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.40 0.41 0.25 0.30 0.39 0.26 0.61

Total 9.413 9.224 5.830

Refinery Fuels Combustion 6.408 5.920 3.755

Steam/Electricity Acquisition 1.158 1.069 0.678

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.176 0.162 0.103

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition 0.748 0.691 0.438

H2 Production* 0.857 1.320 0.816

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.066 0.061 0.039

kg N2O/bbl refined

This worksheet provides a break-out of Life Cycle Stage #3 GHG emissions between several subcategories.

kg CO2/bbl refined

kg CH4/bbl refined

GHG (kg CO2E/ bbl refined)

kg CO2/MMBtu LHV

kg CH4/MMBtu LHV

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Breakout

2008 112
Total 0.01144 0.01133 0.00716

Refinery Fuels Combustion 0.00016 0.00015 0.00009

Steam/Electricity Acquisition 0.00141 0.00130 0.00083

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.00206 0.00190 0.00121

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition 0.00600 0.00554 0.00351

H2 Production* 0.00123 0.00189 0.00117

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.00059 0.00055 0.00035

Total 0.000153 0.000143 0.000091

Refinery Fuels Combustion 0.000115 0.000106 0.000067

Steam/Electricity Acquisition 0.000015 0.000013 0.000009

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.000004 0.000004 0.000002

Refinery Produced Fuels Acquisition 0.000016 0.000014 0.000009

H2 Production* 0.000003 0.000005 0.000003

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.000001 0.000001 0.000000

Total 9.745 9.550 6.036

Refinery Fuels Combustion 6.447 5.955 3.778

Steam/Electricity Acquisition 1.197 1.106 0.701

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition 0.228 0.211 0.134

Refinery Produced Fuels Acquisition 0.903 0.834 0.529

H2 Production* 0.889 1.369 0.847

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive 0.081 0.075 0.048

17% 29% 28% 23% 4% 9% 7%

Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel

Carbon Dioxide 6.41 5.92 3.76 1.16 1.07 0.678 0.176 0.162 0.103

Methane 4.02E-03 3.71E-03 2.36E-03 3.52E-02 3.25E-02 2.06E-02 5.15E-02 4.76E-02 3.02E-02

Nitrous Oxide 3.43E-02 3.16E-02 2.01E-02 4.35E-03 4.02E-03 2.55E-03 1.14E-03 1.05E-03 6.68E-04

GHG 6.45 5.96 3.78 1.20 1.11 0.701 0.228 0.211 0.134

Source kg CO2

 / day kg CH4 / day kg N2O / day

Fuels Combustion at Refinery 517,361,504 12,983 9,281

Purchased Stm & Electricity 93,451,488 113,716 1,178

Upstream Natural Gas and Coal 14,178,999 166,386 309

Upstream Refinery-Produced Fuels 60,384,723 484,194 1,260

H2 Production (not included in above) 76,321,567 109,133 273

Flaring & Venting/Fugitive 5,337,947 47,682 57.3

Refinery

Fuels

Combustion

Steam & 

Electricity 

Acquisition

Natural 

Gas & Coal 

Acquisition

Fraction of Energy Consumption due to 

H2 Production

Summary of LC Stage #3 Emissions

GHG (kg CO2E/ 

MMBtu LHV 

refined)

GHG (kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV)

kg N2O/MMBtu LHV

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Breakout

2008 113
Return to Contents Worksheet

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

This worksheet provides a break-out of Life Cycle Stage #3 GHG emissions between several subcategories.

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Breakout

2008 114
Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Carbon Dioxide

Methane

Nitrous Oxide

GHG

Source

Fuels Combustion at Refinery

Purchased Stm & Electricity

Upstream Natural Gas and Coal

Upstream Refinery-Produced Fuels

H2 Production (not included in above)

Flaring & Venting/Fugitive

Fraction of Energy Consumption due to 

H2 Production

Summary of LC Stage #3 Emissions

GHG (kg CO2E/ 

MMBtu LHV 

refined) Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel

0.748 0.691 0.438 0.857 1.3203 0.816 0.0661 0.0611 0.0387

1.50E-01 1.39E-01 8.79E-02 3.07E-02 4.72E-02 2.92E-02 1.48E-02 1.36E-02 8.65E-03

4.65E-03 4.30E-03 2.73E-03 9.15E-04 1.41E-03 8.72E-04 2.11E-04 1.95E-04 1.24E-04

0.903 0.834 0.529 0.889 1.3689 0.847 0.0811 0.0749 0.0475

RefineryProduced 

Fuels 

Acquisition

Hydrogen 

Production*

Flaring, 

Venting, 

& Fugitive

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Breakout

2008 115
Return to Contents Worksheet

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition

H2 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

This worksheet provides a break-out of Life Cycle Stage #3 GHG emissions between several subcategories.

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Breakout

2008 116
Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery-Produced Fuels Acquisition H2

 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery Produced Fuels Acquisition H2

 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Total

Refinery Fuels Combustion

Steam/Electricity Acquisition

Natural Gas/Coal Acquisition

Refinery Produced Fuels Acquisition H2

 Production*

Flaring, Venting, Fugitive

Carbon Dioxide

Methane

Nitrous Oxide

GHG

Source

Fuels Combustion at Refinery

Purchased Stm & Electricity

Upstream Natural Gas and Coal

Upstream Refinery-Produced Fuels H2

 Production (not included in above)

Flaring & Venting/Fugitive

Fraction of Energy Consumption due to H2

 Production

Summary of LC Stage #3 Emissions

GHG (kg CO

2E/ 

MMBtu LHV 

refined) Gasoline Diesel Jet Fuel

9.41 9.22 5.83

2.86E-01 2.83E-01 1.79E-01

4.55E-02 4.26E-02 2.70E-02

9.74 9.55 6.04

Total 

LC Stage #3 

Domestic

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Refinery Breakout

2008 117
Return to Contents Worksheet

Emissions Source Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

Mine Methane Emissions

Coal Combustion 1.22 kg CO2/ton coal

Distillate Combustion 0.753 kg CO2/ton coal

Residual Fuel Combustion 0.238 kg CO2/ton coal

Natural Gas Combustion 0.0734 kg CO2/ton coal

Gasoline Combustion 0.0358 kg CO2/ton coal

Electricity Full Profile 12.5 kg CO2/ton coal Includes upstream profile

Subtotal Mining Emissions 14.8 kg CO2/ton coal

Coal Transport 9.86 kg CO2/ton coal

Total 24.7 kg CO2/ton coal

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year

Energy Intensity 337 Btu HHV/ton-mile ORNL 2005 Table 2.16 and 2.4 2005

Round-Trip Distance 400 miles Study assumption

Energy/Diesel Usage 134,800 Btu HHV/ton coal Calculated

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year

Mine methane emissions 320 cf CH4

/ton coal see report; API 2004

Mean bituminous CBM 260 cf CH4/ton coal see report; average from a variety of sources

Percent of CBM for postmining 23% see report; API 2004

Methane density 19.1 g/cf EPA 2007c

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year

Fuels Consumed

Coal (produced and 

subsequently consumed) 179,800 tons Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 2002

Distillate (light) grade 

numbers 1,2,4, and light 

diesel fuel

655,900 bbl Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 1997

Residual (heavy) grade 

numbers 5 and 6 and 

heavy diesel fuel

178,300 bbl Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 2002

Gas (natural, 

manufactured, and mixed) 500 MMcf Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 1997

Gasoline 1,500,000 gallons Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 2002

Purchased electricity 6,287,072,000 kWh Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 2002

Other parameters

Total quantity of bituminous 

coal shipped 371,400,000 tons Census Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining 2002

Fuel Type

Energy 

Content Units Source/Comments Year

Coal 27.0 MMBtu HHV/ton API 2004 Table 3-5 -

Distillate 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A -

Residual Fuel Oil 6.287 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A -

Natural Gas 1,027 MMBtu HHV/MMcf EIA 2008 -

Gasoline 5.253 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A -

Fuel Type

Emissions 

Factor Units Source/Comments Year

Coal 93.1 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table A-3 -

Distillate 73.2 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 -

Residual Fuel Oil 78.8 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 -

Natural Gas 53.1 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 -

Gasoline 70.9 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4.1

Electricity 0.739 kg CO2/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

Locomotive Diesel 73.2 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV EIA "Fuel Emission Factors" for EIA-1605

This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions profile for delivered bituminous coal from underground mining.

CO2 Emissions for Delivered Bituminous Coal from Underground Mining

Fuels Energy Content

Coal Transport - Diesel Locomotive

Annual Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining (including preparation)

Mine Methane Emissions

CO2 Emissions Factor

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Coal

2008 118
Return to Contents Worksheet

Emissions Source

Mine Methane Emissions

Coal Combustion

Distillate Combustion

Residual Fuel Combustion

Natural Gas Combustion

Gasoline Combustion

Electricity Full Profile

Subtotal Mining Emissions

Coal Transport

Total

Parameter

Energy Intensity

Round-Trip Distance

Energy/Diesel Usage

Parameter

Mine methane emissions

Mean bituminous CBM

Percent of CBM for postmining

Methane density

Parameter

Fuels Consumed

Coal (produced and 

subsequently consumed)

Distillate (light) grade 

numbers 1,2,4, and light 

diesel fuel

Residual (heavy) grade 

numbers 5 and 6 and 

heavy diesel fuel

Gas (natural, 

manufactured, and mixed)

Gasoline

Purchased electricity

Other parameters

Total quantity of bituminous 

coal shipped

Fuel Type

Coal

Distillate

Residual Fuel Oil

Natural Gas

Gasoline

Fuel Type

Coal

Distillate

Residual Fuel Oil

Natural Gas

Gasoline

Electricity

Locomotive Diesel

This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions profile for delivered bituminous coal from underground mining.

Annual Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining (including preparation)

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

6.12 kg CH4/ton coal Uncontrolled

0.0000100 kg CH4/ton coal

0.0000561 kg CH4/ton coal

0.0000130 kg CH4/ton coal

0.00000185 kg CH4/ton coal

0.0000692 kg CH4/ton coal

0.0145 kg CH4/ton coal Includes upstream profile

6.14 kg CH4/ton coal

0.000778 kg CH4/ton coal

6.14 kg CH4/ton coal

Emissions 

Factor Units Source/Comments Year

0.000765 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 -

0.00545 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 -

0.00432 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 -

0.00134 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 -

0.137 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4.5

0.000858 kg CH4/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

0.00577 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV EIA "Fuel Emission Factors" for EIA-1605

ed bituminous coal from underground mining.

Methane Emissions for Deliv'd Bituminous Coal from Underground Mining

Methane Emissions Factor

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Coal

2008 119
Return to Contents Worksheet

Emissions Source

Mine Methane Emissions

Coal Combustion

Distillate Combustion

Residual Fuel Combustion

Natural Gas Combustion

Gasoline Combustion

Electricity Full Profile

Subtotal Mining Emissions

Coal Transport

Total

Parameter

Energy Intensity

Round-Trip Distance

Energy/Diesel Usage

Parameter

Mine methane emissions

Mean bituminous CBM

Percent of CBM for postmining

Methane density

Parameter

Fuels Consumed

Coal (produced and 

subsequently consumed)

Distillate (light) grade 

numbers 1,2,4, and light 

diesel fuel

Residual (heavy) grade 

numbers 5 and 6 and 

heavy diesel fuel

Gas (natural, 

manufactured, and mixed)

Gasoline

Purchased electricity

Other parameters

Total quantity of bituminous 

coal shipped

Fuel Type

Coal

Distillate

Residual Fuel Oil

Natural Gas

Gasoline

Fuel Type

Coal

Distillate

Residual Fuel Oil

Natural Gas

Gasoline

Electricity

Locomotive Diesel

This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions profile for delivered bituminous coal from underground mining.

Annual Data for Bituminous Coal Underground Mining (including preparation)

Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

0.0000310 kg N2O/ton coal

0.0000361 kg N2O/ton coal

0.00000984 kg N2O/ton coal

0.000000788 kg N2O/ton coal

0.000000473 kg N2O/ton coal

0.000162 kg N2O/ton coal Includes upstream profile

0.000241 kg N2O/ton coal

0.000253 kg N2O/ton coal

0.000493 kg N2O/ton coal

Emissions 

Factor Units Source/Comments Year

0.00237 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 -

0.00351 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 -

0.00326 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 -

0.000570 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 -

0.000117 kg N2O/gallon API 2004 Table 4.5

0.0000096 kg N2O/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

0.00187 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV EIA "Fuel Emission Factors" for EIA-1605

N2O Emissions for Delivered Bituminous Coal from Underground Mining

N2O Emissions Factor

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Coal

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Fuel Type Energy Units Source/Comments Year

Direct fuels produced and consumed in the refinery

LPG 41,361 MMBtu HHV/day 2005

Distillate 12,049 MMBtu HHV/day 2005

Residual Fuel Oil 38,015 MMBtu HHV/day 2005

Still Gas 3,916,208 MMBtu HHV/day 2005

Petroleum Coke 1,479,626 MMBtu HHV/day 2005

Other Products 84,622 MMBtu HHV/day 2005

Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery

Natural Gas 1,921,528 MMBtu HHV/day 2005

Coal 3,033 MMBtu HHV/day 2005

Indirect/purchased energy

Electricity 342,060 MMBtu HHV/day 2005

Steam 209,066 MMBtu HHV/day 2005

Total 8,047,569 MMBtu HHV/day 2005

Fuel Type Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

Combustion Emissions - Direct fuels produced and consumed in the refinery

LPG 2,576,796 kg CO2/day 2005 48.9 kg CH4/day 2005 393 kg N2O/day 2005

Distillate 881,985 kg CO2/day 2005 65.7 kg CH4/day 2005 42.3 kg N2O/day 2005

Residual Fuel Oil 2,995,568 kg CO2/day 2005 164 kg CH4/day 2005 124 kg N2O/day 2005

Still Gas 251,420,568 kg CO2/day 2005 5,247 kg CH4/day 2005 2,562 kg N2O/day 2005

Petroleum Coke 151,069,859 kg CO2/day 2005 4,418 kg CH4/day 2005 4,761 kg N2O/day 2005

Other Products 6,101,217 kg CO2/day 2005 462 kg CH4/day 2005 297 kg N2O/day 2005

Combustion Emissions - Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery

Natural Gas 102,033,150 kg CO2/day 2005 2,575 kg CH4/day 2005 1,095 kg N2O/day 2005

Coal 282,361 kg CO2/day 2005 2.32 kg CH4/day 2005 7.20 kg N2O/day 2005

Upstream Emissions - Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery

Natural Gas 14,176,227 kg CO2/day 2005 165,696 kg CH4/day 2005 309 kg N2O/day 2005

Coal 2,773 kg CO2/day 2005 689 kg CH4/day 2005 0.0554 kg N2O/day 2005

Full Emissions Profile - Indirect/purchased energy

Electricity 74,061,954 kg CO2/day 2005 86,025 kg CH4/day 2005 961 kg N2O/day 2005

Steam 19,389,534 kg CO2/day 2005 27,691 kg CH4/day 2005 217 kg N2O/day 2005

Total 624,991,991 kg CO2/day 2005 293,085 kg CH4/day 2005 10,768 kg N2O/day 2005

Fuel Type

Quantity 

Consumed Units Source/Comments Year

Direct fuels produced and consumed in the refinery

LPG 4,175 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Distillate 755 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Residual Fuel Oil 2,207 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Still Gas 238,236 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Petroleum Coke 89,652 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Other Products 5,329 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery

Natural Gas 682,919 MMcf EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Coal 41 thousand tons EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Indirect/purchased energy

Electricity 36,592 MM kWh EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Steam 63,591 MMlbs EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Annual U.S. Refinery Fuels Consumption

This worksheet determines the total energy consumption of U.S. refineries in 2005 and the associated GHG emissions from use and acquisition of the fuels. Fuels consumed data is as 

reported by EIA with emissions factors from various sources.

U.S. Refinery CO2 Emissions from Fuels Consumed U.S. Refinery CH4 Emissions from Fuels Consumed U.S. Refinery N2O Emissions from Fuels Consumed

U.S. Refinery Energy Consumption

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Fuels Consum & Emiss

2008 121
Fuel Type

Energy 

Content Units Source/Comments Year

Direct fuels produced and consumed in the refinery

LPG 3.616 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Distillate 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Residual Fuel Oil 6.287 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Still Gas 6.000 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Petroleum Coke 6.024 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Other Products 5.796 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery

Natural Gas 1,027 MMBtu HHV/MMcf EIA 2008

Coal 27 MMBtu HHV/ton API 2004 Table 3-5

Indirect/purchased energy

Electricity 3,412 Btu/kWh

Steam 0.0012 MMBtu/lb ConEdison 2007

Fuel Type

Emissions 

Factor Units Source/Comments Year

Emissions 

Factor Units Source/Comments Year

Emissions 

Factor Units Source/Comments Year

Combustion Factors - Direct fuels produced and consumed in the refinery

LPG 62.3 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0.00118 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.00950 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

Distillate 73.2 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0.00545 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.00351 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

Residual Fuel Oil 78.8 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0.00432 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.00326 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

Still Gas 64.2 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0.00134 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.000654 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

Petroleum Coke 102 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0.00299 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.00322 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

Other Products 72.1 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table A-3 0.00545 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV Similar to distillate 0.00351 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV Similar to distillate

Combustion Factors - Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery

Natural Gas 53.1 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0.00134 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.000570 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

Coal 93.1 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table A-3 0.000765 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0.00237 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1

Upstream Emissions Factors - Direct fuels produced externally and consumed in the refinery

Natural Gas 7,577 kg CO2/MMscf NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4 - 88.6 kg CH4/MMscf NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4 - 0.165 kg N2O/MMscf NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4 -

Coal 24.7 kg CO2/ton coal 0 - 6.14 kg CH4/ton coal 0 - 0.000493 kg N2O/ton coal 0 -

Full Emissions Profile Factors - Indirect/purchased energy

Electricity 0.739 kg CO2/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 0.000858 kg CH4/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix)2004 0.00000959 kg N2O/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix)2004

Steam 92.7 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007 - 0.132 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007 - 0.00104 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007 -

Fuel Type

Quantity 

Consumed Units Source/Comments

Gasoline 2,086 bpd "Other Products" divided equally

Diesel 4,154 bpd All "Distillate"

Kerosene 2,086 bpd

Residual Fuel Oil 8,132 bpd All "Residual Fuel Oil"

Coke 247,708 bpd All "Petroleum Coke"

Light Ends 666,225 bpd "LPG" and "Still Gas"

Heavy Ends 2,086 bpd

Fuels Produced in Refinery by Product Category

Fuels Energy Content

CO2 Emissions Factor Methane Emissions Factor N2O Emissions Factor

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CO2 Units Source/Comments Year CH4 Units Source/Comments Year N2O Units

Catalytic Reformer 0 kg CO2/day 0 kg CH4/day 0 kg N2O/day

On-site Hydrogen Production 51,370,699 kg CO2/day 73,381 kg CH4/day 137 kg N2O/day

Natural Gas Feed (Upstream) 6,278,136 kg CO2/day 73,381 kg CH4/day 137 kg N2O/day

Process 45,092,563 kg CO2/day kg CH4/day kg N2O/day

Purchased Hydrogen 24,950,868 kg CO2/day 35,752 kg CH4/day 137 kg N2O/day

Total Emissions 76,321,567 kg CO2/day 109,133 kg CH4/day 273 kg N2O/day

Energy Units Source/Comments Year Energy Units Source/Comments Year

Catalytic Reformer 1,068,394 MMBtu HHV/day 384 Btu HHV/scf H2

On-Site Hydrogen Production 87,472 MMBtu HHV/day 36.5 Btu HHV/scf H2 Ex NG feedstock; Incl electricity losses

Purchased Hydrogen 0 MMBtu HHV/day 0 Btu HHV/scf H2

Total 1,155,866 MMBtu HHV/day

Units Source/Comments Year Units Source/Comments Year

Catalytic Reformer 2,782 MMscf H2/day Net of H2 for reformer fd hydrotreating 43.4 %

On-Site Hydrogen Production 2,400 MMscf H2

/day Assumes 85% Capacity Utilization 2005 37.5 %

Purchased Hydrogen 1,222 MMscf H2

/day Extrapolated from 2003 19.1 %

Total 6,404 MMscf H2/day 100 %

H2 Purchased by Refineries 370,000 MMscf H2/yr SRI Chemical Economics Handbook for Hydrogen, 2004 2003

Historical Annual Growth 9.8% SRI Chemical Economics Handbook for Hydrogen, 2004 '99-'03

Value Units Source/Comments Year

FINAL Energy Allocated to H2 384 Btu HHV/scf H2

INPUT % Energy Allocated to H2 100% Input for modeling evaluation only

MAX Energy Allocation to H2 388 Btu HHV/scf H3 Equal to model plant

FINAL % Energy Allocated to H2 100%

% Energy Allocated to Reformate 0%

Energy Relative to H2 Production 384 Btu HHV/scf H2

Energy Usage 312 MBtu HHV/bbl

Catalytic Reformer 253 MBtu HHV/bbl Energy Intensities wksht

Reformer Feed Hydrotreater 59 MBtu HHV/bbl Energy Intensities wksht

Hydrogen Net Production 814 scf H2/bbl

Catalytic Reformer 1,000 scf H2/bbl H2 Intensities wksht

Reformer Feed Hydrotreater -186 scf H2/bbl H2 Intensities wksht

This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions associated with Hydrogen production that are not included in the refinery fuels consumption GHG profile and calculates the energy usage associated with hydrogen 

production that is included in the refinery fuels consumption GHG profile.

Hydrogen Production Contribution

Hydrogen Production Emissions NOT Included in Refinery Fuels Combustion Emissions Calculation

Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen Production

Hydrogen Production

Hydrogen Production Energy Usage Already Included in Refinery Fuels Combustion Energy Calculation

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H2 Block

2008 123
CO2 Units Source/Comments Year CH4 Units Source/Comments Year N2O Units

Natural Gas Feed (Upstream) 0.00262 kg CO2/scf H2 3.06E-05 kg CH4/scf H2 5.70E-08 kg N2O/scf H2

Natural Gas Fuel (Upstream) 0.00104 kg CO2/scf H2 1.22E-05 kg CH4/scf H2 2.27E-08 kg N2O/scf H2

Process 0.0188 kg CO2/scf H2

Combustion 0.00743 kg CO2/scf H2 Does not include upstream profile 1.40E-07 kg CH4/scf H2 Does not include upstream profile 1.37E-07 kg N2O/scf H2

Electricity 0.000384 kg CO2/scf H2Includes upstream profile 4.46E-07 kg CH4/scf H2Includes upstream profile 4.99E-09 kg N2O/scf H2

High Pressure Steam -0.00985 kg CO2/scf H2Includes upstream profile -1.41E-05 kg CH4/scf H2Includes upstream profile -1.10E-07 kg N2O/scf H2

Net Emissions 0.0204 kg CO2/scf H2 2.93E-05 kg CH4/scf H2 1.12E-07 kg N2O/scf H2

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year

Natural Gas Feed

Mass Basis 0.00658 kg NG/scf H2

HHV Basis 352 Btu HHV/scf H2

LHV Basis 317 Btu LHV/scf H2 Boyce 2004

Natural Gas Fuel

Mass Basis 0.00262 kg NG/scf H2

HHV Basis 140 Btu HHV/scf H2

LHV Basis 126 Btu LHV/scf H2 Boyce 2004

Electricity Consumption 0.00052 kWh/scf H2 Boyce 2004

High Pressure Steam 

Mass Basis -0.090 lb/scf H2 Boyce 2004

HHV Basis -106 Btu/scf H2

Net Energy Requirements 388 Btu HHV/scf H2

CO2 Units Source/Comments Year CH4 Units Source/Comments Year N2O Units

Natural Gas

Upstream 0.398 kg CO2/kg NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4 - 0.00465 kg CH4/kg NG 8.66E-06 kg N2O/kg NG

Process 0.0544 kg CO2/scf NG API 2004

Combustion 53.1 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004, Table 4-1 0.00100 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV API 2004, Table 4-4; not controlled 0.00098 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV

Electricity 0.73876 kg CO2/kWh 0.000858 kg CO2/kWh 0.00000959 kg CO2/kWh

High Pressure Steam 92.7 kg CO2/MMBtu GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007 - 0.132 kg CO2/MMBtu GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007 - 0.00104 kg CO2/MMBtu

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year

Natural Gas

HHV 1,020 Btu HHV/scf API 2004

LHV 918 Btu LHV/scf API 2004

1/Density 23.8 scf/lb API 2004

High Pressure Steam

Energy Content 2.745 MJ/kg GaBi 4 2007

Properties

Emissions Factors

Natural Gas Requirement and Energy Consumption (Production)

Hydrogen Plant Emissions Intensities 

Model of Hydrogen Plant - Modern PSA Purification

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

H2 Block

2008 124
Source/Comments Year

s the energy usage associated with hydrogen 

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

H2 Block

2008 125
Source/Comments Year

Does not include upstream profile

Includes upstream profile

Includes upstream profile

Source/Comments Year

API 2004, Table 4-4; not controlled

GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007 -

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H2 Block

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Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments

CO2 Emissions 5,337,947 kg CO2/day

Methane Emissions 2,524 kg CH4

/day Using Method 1

N2O Emissions 57.3 kg N2O/day

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments

Flaring Rate 5.65 scf/bbl atm dist capacity

Methane Emissions (Method 1) 0.000146 kg CH4/bbl of atm dist capacity From BAAQMD data

Methane Emissions (Method 2) 0.00000777 kg CH4/bbl of atm dist capacity Using flare data, assuming natural gas

CO2 Emissions 0.308 kg CO2/bbl of atm dist capacity Using flare data, assuming natural gas

N2O Emissions 0.00000330 kg N2O/bbl of atm dist capacity Using flare data, assuming natural gas

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments Year

Natural Gas Energy Content 1,027 Btu HHV/scf EIA 2008 0

Natural Gas CO2 Emissions from Combustion 53.1 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV API 2004 Table 4-1 0

Natural Gas Methane Emissions from Combustion 0.00134 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0

Natural Gas N2O Emissions from Combustion 0.000570 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV NEB 1999, Table A10.1 0

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments Year

Chevron Richmond 242,901 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

ConocoPhillips Rodeo 76,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Shell Martinez 155,600 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Tesoro Martinez 166,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Valero Benicia 144,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Subtotal 784,501 bbl/calendar day Subtotal of refineries covered by BAAQMD

Chevron El Segundo 260,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Ultramar Wilmington 80,887 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

BP Carson/LA 260,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

ExxonMobil Torrance 149,500 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Paramount/Paramount 50,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

ConocoPhillips Wilmington 139,000 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Total of Representation 1,723,888 bbl/calendar day

U.S. Total 17,338,814 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Representation 9.9% % of U.S. total

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments Year

Chevron Richmond 73,168,477 scf/yr BAAQMD 2005

ConocoPhillips Rodeo 58,545,909 scf/yr BAAQMD 2005

Shell Martinez 144,843,539 scf/yr BAAQMD 2005

Tesoro Martinez 298,309,759 scf/yr BAAQMD 2005

Valero Benicia 67,533,365 scf/yr BAAQMD 2005

Chevron El Segundo 402,340,700 scf/yr AQMD 2006

Ultramar Wilmington 122,149,430 scf/yr AQMD 2006

BP Carson/LA 714,386,630 scf/yr AQMD 2006

ExxonMobil Torrance 270,100,637 scf/yr AQMD 2006

Paramount/Paramount 222,424,303 scf/yr AQMD 2006

ConocoPhillips Wilmington 1,178,351,730 scf/yr AQMD 2006

Total of Representation 3,552,154,479 scf/yr

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments Year

Chevron Richmond 4,528 kg/yr BAAQMD 2005

ConocoPhillips Rodeo 6,382 kg/yr BAAQMD 2005

Shell Martinez 9,808 kg/yr BAAQMD 2005

Tesoro Martinez 16,715 kg/yr BAAQMD 2005

Valero Benicia 4,245 kg/yr BAAQMD 2005

Total of Representation 41,678 kg/yr

Refinery Capacity Units Source/Comments Year

Methane Emissions 45,159 kg CH4

/day 2005

Fugitive Emissions 0.086 Bcf/yr See comments box 2005

Vented Emissions 0.775 Bcf/yr See comments box 2005

Density of Methane 19.14 tonne/mmcf EPA 2007c

Estimated Flaring Emissions from U.S. Refineries in 2005

Select California Refinery Methane Emissions from Flaring

Select California Refinery Flare Gas Flow

Select California Refinery Atmospheric Distillation Capacity

Fugitive/Vented Emissions

This worksheet estimates fugitive and vented methane emissions and GHG emissions associated with venting and 

flaring from U.S. refineries in 2005. Flaring emissions are based on flaring data reported by California emissions 

with assumptions on flare gas quality. Fugitive and vented methane emissions are from EPA estimates.

Flaring Emissions from U.S. Refineries in 2005

General Properties and Emissions Factors

California Refinery Flaring Emissions Relative to Atmospheric Distillation Capacity

Estimated Flaring Emissions from U.S. Refineries in 2005

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Flaring & Fugitive Vent CH4

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Product Type Annual Input Units Source/Comments Year

Crude Oil 15,220 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Natural Gas Liquids 432 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Other Hydrocarbon-Hydrogen 71 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Unfinished Oils (net) 569 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Total 16,292 Mbpd 2005

1.089319395

Product Type

Annual 

Production Units Source/Comments Year

Gasoline & Aviation Gasoline 7,816 Mbpd Adj for blending components 2005

Distillate 3,954 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel & Kerosene 1,611 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Residual Fuel Oil 628 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Coke Production 835 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Light Ends (Still Gas, LRG, Special Naphtha, Petchem Feed) 1,684 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Heavy/Other (Asphalt & Road Oil, Lubricants, Waxes, Misc) 754 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Total 17,281 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Product Type

Annual 

Production Units Source/Comments Year

Total 5,686,470 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Liquefied Refinery Gases 209,029 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Ethane/Ethylene 7,265 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Ethane 4,784 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Ethylene 2,481 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Propane/Propylene 197,256 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Propane 113,604 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Propylene 83,652 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Normal Butane/Butylene 15,589 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Normal Butane 13,838 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Butylene 1,751 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Isobutane/Isobutylene -11,081 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Isobutane -11,133 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Isobutylene 52 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Finished Motor Gasoline 2,225,344 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Reformulated 388,376 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Reformulated Blended w/ Ether 350,744 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Reformulated Blended w/ Alcohol 14,973 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Reformulated (Non-Oxygenated) 22,659 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Conventional 1,836,968 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Conventional Blended w/ Alcohol 12,972 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Conventional Other 1,823,996 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Finished Aviation Gasoline 6,167 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel 564,226 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Kerosene 23,933 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Distillate Fuel Oil 1,443,348 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

15 ppm and under 8,456 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Greater than 15 ppm to 500 ppm 1,061,935 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Greater than 500 ppm 372,957 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Residual Fuel Oil 229,074 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Less Than 0.31 Percent Sulfur 27,649 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

0.31 to 1.00 Percent Sulfer 51,843 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Greater Than 1.00 Percent Sulfur 149,582 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Petrochemical Feedstocks 141,948 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Naphtha For Petrochemical Feedstock Use 78,286 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Other Oils For Petrochemical Feedstock Use 63,662 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Special Naphthas 14,009 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Lubricants 61,238 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Waxes 5,808 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Petroleum Coke 304,730 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Marketable 217,502 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Catalyst 87,228 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Asphalt and Road Oil 186,736 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Still Gas 249,514 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Miscellaneous Products 21,366 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Fuel Use 100 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Nonfuel Use 21,266 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Processing Gain(-) or Loss(+) -361,131 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Input Type Annual Input Units Source/Comments Year

Total 5,325,339 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Crude Oil 5,555,332 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Natural Gas Liquids 157,696 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Pentanes Plus 68,174 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Liquefied Petroleum Gases 89,522 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Normal Butane 40,501 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Isobutane 49,021 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Other Liquids -387,689 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Other Hydrocarbons/Oxygenates 65,129 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Other Hydrocarbons-Hydrogen 25,833 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Oxygenates 39,296 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Fuel Ethanol 2,603 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

MTBE 36,081 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

All Other Oxygenates 612 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Unfinished Oils (net) 207,731 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Naphthas and Lighter 27,287 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Kerosene and Light Gas Oils -3,860 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Heavy Gas Oils 139,646 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Residuum 44,658 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Motor Gasoline Blending Components (net) -658,847 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Reformulated -519,019 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

RBOB for Blending with Ether -3,158 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

RBOB for Blending with Alcohol -515,861 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Conventional -139,828 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

CBOB for Blending with Alcohol -126,996 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

GTAB0 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Other -12,832 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Aviation Gasoline Blending Components (net) -1,702 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

This worksheet summarizes the input to and production from U.S. refineries in 2005 as reported by EIA.

U.S. Refinery Net Production by Category

U.S. Refinery Net Input (excludes blending components/oxygenates)

U.S. Refinery Net Input

U.S. Refinery Net Production

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Input & Production

2008 128
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Unit Operation Capacity Units Source/Comments Date

Atmospheric Distillation 15,578,000 bpd Actual 2005 2005

Vacuum Distillation 7,138,700 bpd Actual 2005 2005

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 5,269,000 bpd Actual 2005 2005

Catalytic Hydrocracking 1,172,000 bpd Actual 2005 2005

Distillate 376,247 bpd Relative to actual hydrocracking % utilization 2005

Gas Oil 654,873 bpd Relative to actual hydrocracking % utilization 2005

Residual 140,880 bpd Relative to actual hydrocracking % utilization 2005

Coking 2,054,000 bpd Actual 2005 2005

Delayed 1,887,836 bpd Relative to actual coking capacity % utilization 2005

Fluid 166,164 bpd Relative to actual coking capacity % utilization 2005

Hydrotreating 11,846,389 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Naphtha/Reformer Feed 3,520,387 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/2/2006

Naphtha 101,251 bpd Remaining throughput that is not reformer feed 1/1/2006

Reformer Feed 3,419,136 bpd Set equal to catalytic reforming throughput 1/1/2006

Gasoline 1,645,176 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Heavy Gas Oil 2,045,632 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Distillate Fuel Oil 3,827,882 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 768,560 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Diesel Fuel 2,360,634 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Other Distillate 698,688 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Residual Fuel Oil/Other 807,312 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Residual Fuel Oil 261,680 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Other 545,632 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Catalytic Reforming 3,419,136 bpd Est using stream day unit capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Alkylation 1,052,707 bpd Est using stream day production capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Isomerization 521,553 bpd Est using stream day production capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Isobutane 177,650 bpd Est using stream day production capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Isopentane/Isohexane 343,903 bpd Est using stream day production capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Lubricants 167,775 bpd From Input & Production - EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Sulfur Asphalt and Road Oil 22,6950 short tons/day bbl/day Est using stream day production capacity & % utilization 1/1/2006

Hydrogen Plant 2,400 MMcf/day 1/1/2006

Unit Operation

Capacity 

Utilization Units Source/Comments Date

Atmospheric Distillation 89.8% Actual relative to calendar day capacity

Vacuum Distillation 85.0% Study assumption

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 90.9% Actual relative to calendar day capacity

Catalytic Hydrocracking 79.5% Actual relative to calendar day capacity

Distillate 79.5% Same as overall hydrocracking

Gas Oil 79.5% Same as overall hydrocracking

Residual 79.5% Same as overall hydrocracking

Coking 88.2% Actual relative to calendar day capacity

Delayed 88.2% Same as overall coking

Fluid 88.2% Same as overall coking

Hydrotreating 80.0% Study assumption; API 1997

Naphtha/Reformer Feed 80.0% Same as overall hydrotreating

Naphtha

Reformer Feed

Gasoline 80.0% Same as overall hydrotreating

Heavy Gas Oil 80.0% Same as overall hydrotreating

Distillate Fuel Oil 80.0% Same as overall hydrotreating

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 80.0% Same as overall hydrotreating

Diesel Fuel 80.0% Same as overall hydrotreating

Other Distillate 80.0% Same as overall hydrotreating

Residual Fuel Oil/Other 80.0% Same as overall hydrotreating

Residual Fuel Oil 80.0% Same as overall hydrotreating

Other 80.0% Same as overall hydrotreating

Catalytic Reforming 88.6% Study assumption; API 1997

Alkylation 85.0% Study assumption; API 1997

Isomerization 73.6% Weighted avg of isobut/pent/hex

Isobutane 77.0% Study assumption; API 1997

Isopentane/Isohexane 72.0% Study assumption; API 1997

Lubricants 76.3% Capacity to relate lubricant capacity to actual output 2005

Sulfur 70.0% Study assumption

Hydrogen Plant 85.0% Study assumption

Capacity Units Source/Comments Date

Atmospheric Crude Oil Distillation Capacity

Operable 17,338,814 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Operating 16,420,914 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Idle 917,900 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Operable 18,307,502 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Operating 17,322,202 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Idle 985,300 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Downstream Charge Capacity

Vacuum Distillation 8,398,470 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Thermal Cracking 2,539,510 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Total Coking 2,510,910 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Delayed Coking 2,305,510 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Fluid Coking 205,400 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Visbreaking 18,000 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Other (Including Gas Oil) 10,600 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Catalytic Cracking - Fresh Feed 6,187,883 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Catalytic Cracking - Recycle Feed 87,240 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Catalytic Hydro-Cracking 1,637,200 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Distillate 516,600 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Gas Oil 920,200 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Residual 200,400 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Catalytic Reforming 3,859,070 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Low Pressure 2,308,650 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

High Pressure 1,550,420 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Catalytic Hydrotreating/Desulfurization 14,807,986 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Naphtha/Reformer Feed 4,400,484 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Gasoline 2,056,470 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Heavy Gas Oil 2,557,040 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Distillate Fuel Oil 4,784,852 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 960,700 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Diesel Fuel 2,950,792 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Other Distillate 873,360 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Residual Fuel Oil/Other 1,009,140 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Residual Fuel Oil 327,100 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Other 682,040 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Fuels Solvent Deasphalting 386,290 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Downstream Charge Capacity

Total Coking 2,330,100 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Catalytic Cracking - Fresh Feed 5,799,582 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Catalytic Hydro-Cracking 1,474,986 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Downstream Charge Capacity

Coking

Delayed Coking 2,141,600 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Fluid Coking 188,500 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Catalytic Hydro-Cracking

Distillate 473,515 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Gas Oil 824,171 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Residual 177,300 bbl/calendar day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Process Type Throughput Units Source/Comments Date

Catalytic Cracking Units 5,269 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Catalytic Hydrocracking Units 1,172 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Delayed and Fluid Coking Units 2,054 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Input Units Source/Comments Date

Gross Input to Atmospheric Crude Oil 

Distillation Units 15,578 Mbpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Product Capacity Units Source/Comments Date

Alkylate 1,238,479 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Aromatics 319,250 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Asphalt & Road Oil 893,249 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Isomers 708,357 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Isobutane 230,714 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Isopentane & Isohexane 477,643 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Lubricants 219,840 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Marketable Petroleum Coke 708,863 bbl/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Hydrogen 2,823 MMcf/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

Sulfur 32,421 Short tons/stream day EIA Petroleum Navigator 1/1/2006

This worksheet determines the throughput for individual unit operations for use in allocation of energy usage and 

hydrogen usage to refinery products. Actual 2005 throughput as reported by EIA is utilized when available with the 

remaining throughputs determined using unit operation capacity reported by EIA (as of 1/1/2006) and capacity 

utilization rates from various sources.

U.S. Refinery Unit Actual Throughput

U.S. Refinery Actual Input

U.S. Refinery Production Capacity

U.S. Refinery Downstream Charge Capacity

Capacity Utilization (relative to stream day capacity unless otherwise noted)

Actual or Estimated Throughput 

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Capacity & Thruput

2008 129
Return to Contents Worksheet

Unit Operation Energy Use Units Source/Comments

Atmospheric Distillation 1,717,569 MMBtu HHV/day

Vacuum Distillation 640,364 MMBtu HHV/day

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 996,278 MMBtu HHV/day

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 40,128 MMBtu HHV/day

Gas Oil 69,844 MMBtu HHV/day

Residual 15,025 MMBtu HHV/day

Coking

Delayed 277,007 MMBtu HHV/day

Fluid 16,429 MMBtu HHV/day

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 5,979 MMBtu HHV/day

Reformer Feed 201,897 MMBtu HHV/day

Gasoline 97,146 MMBtu HHV/day

Heavy Gas Oil 120,793 MMBtu HHV/day

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 45,383 MMBtu HHV/day

Diesel Fuel 139,393 MMBtu HHV/day

Other Distillate 41,257 MMBtu HHV/day

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 15,452 MMBtu HHV/day

Other 32,219 MMBtu HHV/day

Catalytic Reforming 866,497 MMBtu HHV/day

Alkylation 284,713 MMBtu HHV/day

Isomerization

Isobutane 60,850 MMBtu HHV/day

Isopentane/Isohexane 57,059 MMBtu HHV/day

Lubricants 236,557 MMBtu HHV/day

Sulfur 4,304 MMBtu HHV/day

Hydrogen Plant 87,472 MMBtu HHV/day

Total 6,069,614 MMBtu HHV/day

Energy Balance 75.4% Ratio of unit energy use estimate to energy from fuels consumed

Unit Operation Energy Intensity Units Source/Comments Year

Atmospheric Distillation 110 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Vacuum Distillation 89.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 189 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Catalytic Hydrocracking MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Distillate 107 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrocracking

Gas Oil 107 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrocracking

Residual 107 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrocracking

Coking

Delayed 147 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Fluid 98.9 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Hydrotreating MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Naphtha/Reformer Feed MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating

Naphtha 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating

Reformer Feed 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating

Gasoline 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating

Heavy Gas Oil 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating

Distillate Fuel Oil MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating

Diesel Fuel 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating

Other Distillate 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating

Residual Fuel Oil/Other MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating

Residual Fuel Oil 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating

Other 59.0 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating

Catalytic Reforming 253 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Alkylation 270 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Isomerization

Isobutane 343 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Isopentane/Isohexane 166 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Lubricants 1,410 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Sulfur 190 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Derived from Energetics 2007

Unit Operation Energy Intensity Units Source/Comments Year

Refinery Electricity Usage 514,447 MMBtu/day Derived from Energetics 2007

Purchased Electricity 342,060 MMBtu/day EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Onsite Electricity Generation 172,387 MMBtu/day

Percent Power from Onsite Generation 33.5% % of Estimated Electr Use

Generation & Distribution Loss Factor 1.5 Less than the Energetics value of 2 

due to no transmission losses

Unit Operation Energy Intensity Units Source/Comments Year

Atmospheric Distillation 35,829 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Vacuum Distillation 8,566 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 65,863 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Catalytic Hydrocracking MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Distillate 14,636.0 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrocracking

Gas Oil 25,474.6 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrocracking

Residual 5,480.2 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrocracking

Coking MMBtu HHV/day

Delayed 23,409 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Fluid 17,015 MMBtu HHV/day Energetics (Fluid Coking, not Flexicoking)

Hydrotreating MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Naphtha/Reformer Feed MMBtu HHV/day

Naphtha 1,883 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating

Reformer Feed 63,596 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating

Gasoline 30,600 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating

Heavy Gas Oil 38,049 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating

Distillate Fuel Oil MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 14,295 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating

Diesel Fuel 43,908 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating

Other Distillate 12,996 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating

Residual Fuel Oil/Other MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating

Residual Fuel Oil 4,867 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating

Other 10,149 MMBtu HHV/day Same as overall hydrotreating

Catalytic Reforming 33,508 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Alkylation 43,056 MMBtu HHV/day Energetics (Assumed Sulfuric Acid)

Isomerization MMBtu HHV/day

Isobutane 1,883 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Isopentane/Isohexane 1,995 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Lubricants 10,268 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Sulfur Aromatics 2,8640 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Hydrogen Plant 4,257 MMBtu HHV/day From Energetics and estimated throughput

Unit Operation Energy Intensity Units Source/Comments Year

Hydrogen Plant 1,774 MBtu HHV/scf See H2 Block wksht

Unit Operation Energy Intensity Units Source/Comments Year Electricity Natural Gas Refinery Gas Coke Oils Other Steam

Net Process 

Energy

Electricity 

Losses Energy Export

Net Steam 

Exported

Combustion of 

Coke (Hc)

Hydrogen 

Produced

Hydrogen 

Consumed

Total Process 

Energy

Atmospheric Distillation 109 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 2.3 29.3 52.6 19.3 3.5 2.1 0.0 109.1 4.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 113.8

Vacuum Distillation 89.1 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 1.2 24.1 43.2 15.9 2.9 1.8 0.0 89.1 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 91.5

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 183 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 12.5 17.0 30.5 11.2 2.1 1.2 0.0 74.5 25.9 -97.7 0.0 206.0 0.0 0.0 208.7

Catalytic Hydrocracking 87.1 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 38.9 32.9 59.0 21.7 4.0 2.4 0.0 158.9 80.7 -71.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 361.5 529.3

Distillate 87.1 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrocracking 38.9 32.9 59.0 21.7 4.0 2.4 0.0 158.9 80.7 -71.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 361.5 529.3

Gas Oil 87.1 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrocracking 38.9 32.9 59.0 21.7 4.0 2.4 0.0 158.9 80.7 -71.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 361.5 529.3

Residual 87.1 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrocracking 38.9 32.9 59.0 21.7 4.0 2.4 0.0 158.9 80.7 -71.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 361.5 529.3

Coking

Delayed 140.5 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 12.4 35.1 63.1 23.3 4.2 2.4 0.0 140.5 25.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 166.3

Fluid 47.4 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics (Fluid Coking, not Flexicoking) 102.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 165.0 267.4 212.6 -220.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 260.0

Hydrotreating 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Naphtha/Reformer Feed 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Naphtha 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Reformer Feed 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Gasoline 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Heavy Gas Oil 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Distillate Fuel Oil 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Diesel Fuel 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Other Distillate 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Residual Fuel Oil/Other 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Residual Fuel Oil 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Other 49.7 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Same as overall hydrotreating 18.6 17.0 30.6 11.3 2.1 1.2 0.0 80.8 38.7 0.0 -31.1 0.0 0.0 223.0 311.4

Catalytic Reforming 249 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 9.8 69.6 125.0 46.0 8.4 5.1 0.0 263.9 20.5 0.0 -15.4 0.0 -479.2 0.0 -210.2

Alkylation 250 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics (Assumed Sulfuric Acid) 40.9 57.3 102.8 37.8 6.9 4.2 0.0 249.9 85.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 335.0

Isomerization

Isobutane 337 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 10.6 89.5 160.7 59.1 10.8 6.5 0.0 337.2 22.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 359.2

Isopentane/Isohexane 163 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 5.8 43.1 77.4 28.5 5.1 3.1 0.0 163.0 12.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 175.1

Lubricants 1,379 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 61.2 361.2 648.4 238.5 43.6 26.3 0.0 1,379.2 127.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,506.4

Sulfur 126 MBtu HHV/bbl throughput Energetics 2007 126.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 126.2 262.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 388.5

This worksheet provides the specific energy usage estimates by unit operation. The primary source is a 

2007 Energetic report with adjustments made to electricity losses.

Energy for Steam/Process Heat

kBtu / bbl (Sulfur kBtu/short tons)

Energy Intensities of Refinery Unit Operations - Energetics 2005

Energy Intensities Including Electricity Losses for Onsite Power Generation

Energy Use

Energy Intensities Excluding Electricity Losses and Hydrogen Impacts

Specific Electricity Usage Not Included in Energetics Data

Estimated Electricity Use

Summary of Electricity Use

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Energy Intensities

2008 130
Return to Contents Worksheet

Unit Operation

H

2 consumption Units Source/Comments Year

Atmospheric Distillation0 MMcf/day

Vacuum Distillation0 MMcf/day

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed)0 MMcf/day

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 376 MMcf/day

Gas Oil 786 MMcf/day

Residual 197 MMcf/day

Coking

Delayed0 MMcf/day

Fluid0 MMcf/day

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 19 MMcf/day

Reformer Feed 637 MMcf/day

Gasoline 690 MMcf/day

Heavy Gas Oil 1,525 MMcf/day

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 358 MMcf/day

Diesel Fuel 1,320 MMcf/day

Other Distillate 456 MMcf/day

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 219 MMcf/day

Other 458 MMcf/day

Catalytic Reforming (3,419) MMcf/day

Alkylation0 MMcf/day

Isomerization

Isobutane0 MMcf/day

Isopentane/Isohexane0 MMcf/day

Lubricants0 MMcf/day

Sulfur0 MMcf/day

Aromatics0 MMcf/day

Asphalt and Road Oil0 MMcf/day

Total Net Consumption 3,622 MMcf/day Includes catalytic reformer H

2 production

Total Consumption 6,404 MMcf/day Excludes reformer feed hydrotreating

Total Production 6,404 MMcf/day From "H2 Block" wksht

Unit Operation

H

2 consumption Units Source/Comments Year

Atmospheric Distillation0 scf/bbl throughput

Vacuum Distillation0 scf/bbl throughput

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed)0 scf/bbl throughput

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 1,000 scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion

Gas Oil 1,200 scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion

Residual 1,400 scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion

Coking

Delayed0 scf/bbl throughput

Fluid0 scf/bbl throughput

Hydrotreating Balance point based on H2 consumption

Naphtha/Reformer Feed 186 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption

Naphtha 186 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption

Reformer Feed 186 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption

Gasoline 419 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption

Heavy Gas Oil 745 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 466 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption

Diesel Fuel 559 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption

Other Distillate 652 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 839 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption

Other 839 scf/bbl throughput Balance point based on H2 consumption

Catalytic Reforming (1,000) scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion

Alkylation0 scf/bbl throughput

Isomerization

Isobutane0 scf/bbl throughput

Isopentane/Isohexane0 scf/bbl throughput

Lubricants0 scf/bbl throughput

Sulfur0 scf/bbl throughput

Aromatics0 scf/bbl throughput

Asphalt and Road Oil0 scf/bbl throughput

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year

Total Hydrogen Production 7,041 MMcf/day NOT net reformer feed hydrotreating

Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption 1,359 MMcf/day

Hydrotreating Hydrogen Consumption 5,681 MMcf/day Balance

Naphtha Hydrotreating Factor 186 scf H

2/bbl Applied to factors below

Unit Operation

H

2 consumption Units Source/Comments Year

Atmospheric Distillation0 scf/bbl throughput

Vacuum Distillation0 scf/bbl throughput

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed)0 scf/bbl throughput

Catalytic Hydrocracking Energetics reports 1,120 scf/bbl

Distillate 1,000 scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion

Gas Oil 1,200 scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion

Residual 1,400 scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion

Coking

Delayed0 scf/bbl throughput

Fluid0 scf/bbl throughput

Hydrotreating Ratios to Naphtha Hydrotreating Hydrogen Requirement

Naphtha/Reformer Feed 1.0 scf H

2 / scf H2 Various sources - see report discussion

Naphtha 1.0 scf H

2 / scf H2 Various sources - see report discussion

Reformer Feed 1.0 scf H

2 / scf H2 Various sources - see report discussion

Gasoline 2.25 scf H

2 / scf H2 Various sources - see report discussion

Heavy Gas Oil 4.0 scf H

2 / scf H2 Various sources - see report discussion

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 2.5 scf H

2 / scf H2 Various sources - see report discussion

Diesel Fuel 3.0 scf H

2 / scf H2 Various sources - see report discussion

Other Distillate 3.5 scf H

2 / scf H2 Various sources - see report discussion

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 4.5 scf H

2 / scf H2 Various sources - see report discussion

Other 4.5 scf H

2 / scf H2 Various sources - see report discussion

Catalytic Reforming (1,000) scf/bbl throughput Various sources - see report discussion

Alkylation0 scf/bbl throughput

Isomerization

Isobutane0 scf/bbl throughput

Isopentane/Isohexane0 scf/bbl throughput

Lubricants0 scf/bbl throughput Lube oil hydrotreating included in "Other"

Sulfur0 scf/bbl throughput

Aromatics0 scf/bbl throughput

Asphalt and Road Oil0 scf/bbl throughput

This worksheet provides the hydrogen consumption requirements by unit operation. The catalytic 

hydrotreating hydrogen consumption values are adjusted to balance the hydrogen system based on a fixed 

value of total hydrogen production ("H2 Block" wksht).

Hydrogen Consumption (Production) Intensities

ADJUSTED Hydrogen Consumption (Production) Intensities

Hydrogen Consumption (Production)

Hydrogen Mass Balance

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

H2 intensities

2008 131
Return to Contents Worksheet

Gasoline Diesel

Kerosene/ 

Kerosene-Type 

Jet Fuel Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends

Atmospheric Distillation

Vacuum Distillation Equal to final 

product slate

Catalytic Cracking 60% of 

throughput

25% of diesel 

produced

5% of kerosene 

produced All FCC coke Balance

Distillate Hydrocracking 75% 10% 15%

Gas Oil Hydrocracking 50% 40% 10%

Residual Hydrocracking Balance 40% 10% 51.3 kbbl/day

Delayed Coking

Fluid Coking

Naphtha Hydrotreating 95% of 

throughput 5% of throughput

Reformer Feed Hydrotreating* 95% of 

throughput*

5% of 

throughput*

Gasoline Hydrotreating All

Heavy Gas Oil Hydrotreating 1,850 kbbl/day is FCC feed hydrotreating and is distributed as in catalytic cracking; remainder to diesel fraction

Kerosene/Jet Fuel Hydrotreating All

Diesel Fuel Hydrotreating All

Other Distillate Hydrotreating

Residual Fuel Oil Hydrotreating All

Other Hydrotreating 115 kbbl/day

Catalytic Reforming* 95% of 

throughput*

5% of 

throughput*

Alkylation All

Isobutane Isomerization All

Isopentane/Isohexane Isomerization All

Lubricants All

Sulfur All

* Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet)

Unit Operation Gasoline Diesel Kerosene-Type Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends Total

Atmospheric Distillation 7,045,388 3,564,595 1,452,559 565,737 752,583 1,517,613 679,525 15,578,000

Vacuum Distillation 3,276,705 1,507,466 138,222 627,600 834,8770 753,830 7,138,700

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 3,161,400 988,595 80,5700 238,981 799,4550 5,269,000

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 282,186 37,625 56,4370000 376,247

Gas Oil 327,436 261,949 65,4870000 654,873

Residual 19,140 56,352 14,088000 51,300 140,880

Coking

Delayed 188,784 849,526 94,3920 547,689 207,4450 1,887,836

Fluid 16,616 74,774 8,3080 48,207 18,2590 166,164

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 96,1890000 5,0630 101,251

Reformer Feed*00000000

Gasoline 1,645,176000000 1,645,176

Heavy Gas Oil 1,110,476 542,093 28,3010 83,945 280,8170 2,045,632

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel00 768,5600000 768,560

Diesel Fuel0 2,360,63400000 2,360,634

Other Distillate 463,953 234,73500000 698,688

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil000 261,680000 261,680

Other 251,167 127,077 51,783000 115,605 545,632

Catalytic Reforming*00000000

Alkylation 1,052,707000000 1,052,707

Isomerization

Isobutane 177,650000000 177,650

Isopentane/Isohexane 343,903000000 343,903

Lubricants000000 167,775 167,775

Sulfur000000 22,695 22,695

* Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet)

Unit Operation Gasoline Diesel Kerosene-Type Residual Fuel Oil Coke Light Ends Heavy Ends Total

Atmospheric Distillation 45% 23% 9% 4% 5% 10% 4% 100%

Vacuum Distillation 46% 21% 2% 9% 12% 0% 11% 100%

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 60% 19% 2% 0% 5% 15% 0% 100%

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 75% 10% 15% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Gas Oil 50% 40% 10% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Residual 14% 40% 10% 0% 0% 0% 36% 100%

Coking

Delayed 10% 45% 5% 0% 29% 11% 0% 100%

Fluid 10% 45% 5% 0% 29% 11% 0% 100%

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 95% 0% 0% 0% 0% 5% 0% 100%

Reformer Feed* 95% 0% 0% 0% 0% 5% 0% 100%

Gasoline 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Heavy Gas Oil 54% 27% 1% 0% 4% 14% 0% 100%

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Diesel Fuel 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Other Distillate 66% 34% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Other 46% 23% 9% 0% 0% 0% 21% 100%

Catalytic Reforming* 95% 0% 0% 0% 0% 5% 0% 100%

Alkylation 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Isomerization

Isobutane 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Isopentane/Isohexane 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100%

Lubricants 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 100%

Sulfur 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 100%

* Allocations for reformer feed hydrotreating and catalytic reforming are for energy requirements remaining after a portion is assigned to the hydrogen pool (see H2 Block worksheet)

Unit Operation Energy Use Units Year

Catalytic Cracker Feed Hydrotreated 1,850,793 bpd O&GJ 2005; @ 90% capacity utilization

Catalytic Reformer Energy to Reformate 0% User input - see H2 Block wksht

Reformer Feed HT Energy to Reformate 0% User input - see H2 Block wksht

Unit Operation Value Year

Atmospheric Distillation 45.2% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wksht 2005

Vacuum Distillation See summary at top of wksht

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 60% % of throughput API 1997 1996

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 75% % of throughput Significant variability in literature

Gas Oil 50% % of throughput Significant variability in literature

Residual Balance point Significant variability in literature

Coking

Delayed 10% % of throughput Gary 2007

Fluid 10% % of throughput Gary 2007

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 95% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Reformer Feed 95% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Gasoline 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Heavy Gas Oil 60.0% % of catalytic cracking throughput contribution See catalytic hydrocracking info

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Diesel Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other Distillate 0.664 ratio of gasoline to gasoline + diesel production EIA - Input & Production wksht

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other 0.584 ratio of gasoline to gasoline + diesel + kerosene production EIA - Input & Production wksht

Catalytic Reforming 95% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Alkylation 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isomerization

Isobutane 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Lubricants 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Sulfur 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Unit Operation Value Year

Atmospheric Distillation 22.9% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wksht 2005

Vacuum Distillation See summary at top of wksht

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 25% % of diesel produced Estimated from API 1997 1996

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 10% % of throughput Significant variability in literature

Gas Oil 40% % of throughput Significant variability in literature

Residual 40% % of throughput Significant variability in literature

Coking

Delayed 45% % of throughput Gary 2007

Fluid 45% % of throughput Gary 2007

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Reformer Feed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Gasoline 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Heavy Gas Oil 18.8% % of catalytic cracking throughput contribution See catalytic hydrocracking info

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Diesel Fuel 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other Distillate 0.336 ratio of diesel to gasoline + diesel production EIA - Input & Production wksht

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other 0.296 ratio of diesel to gasoline + diesel + kerosene production EIA - Input & Production wksht

Catalytic Reforming 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Alkylation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isomerization

Isobutane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Lubricants 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Sulfur 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Unit Operation Value Year

Atmospheric Distillation 9.32% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wksht 2005

Vacuum Distillation See summary at top of wksht

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 5% % of kerosene produced API 1997 1996

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 15% % of throughput Significant variability in literature

Gas Oil 10% % of throughput Significant variability in literature

Residual 10% % of throughput Significant variability in literature

Coking

Delayed 5% % of throughput Gary 2007

Fluid 5% % of throughput Gary 2007

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Reformer Feed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Gasoline 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Heavy Gas Oil 1.53% % of catalytic cracking throughput contribution See catalytic hydrocracking info

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Diesel Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other 0.120 ratio of diesel to gasoline + diesel + kerosene production EIA - Input & Production wksht

Catalytic Reforming 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Alkylation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isomerization

Isobutane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Lubricants 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Sulfur 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Unit Operation Value Year

Atmospheric Distillation 3.63% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wksht 2005

Vacuum Distillation 627,600 bpd total production of residual fuel oil EIA - Input & Production wkst 2005

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Gas Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Residual 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Coking

Delayed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Fluid 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Reformer Feed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Gasoline 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Heavy Gas Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Diesel Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Catalytic Reforming 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Alkylation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isomerization

Isobutane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Lubricants 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Sulfur 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Unit Operation Value Year

Atmospheric Distillation 4.83% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wkst 2005

Vacuum Distillation 834,877 bpd coke produced EIA - Input & Production wkst 2005

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) 238,981 bpd catalyst coke produced EIA - Input & Production wkst 2005

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Gas Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Residual 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Coking 595,896 bpd marketable coke produced EIA - Inputs & Production wksht 2005

Delayed 91.9% % of coke from delayed coking/relative to throughput Estimated/assumed

Fluid 8.09% % of coke from fluid coking/relative to throughput Estimated/assumed

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Reformer Feed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Gasoline 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Heavy Gas Oil 4.54% % of catalytic cracking throughput contribution See catalytic hydrocracking info

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Diesel Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Catalytic Reforming 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Alkylation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isomerization

Isobutane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Lubricants 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Sulfur 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Unit Operation Value Year

Atmospheric Distillation 10% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wksht 2005

Vacuum Distillation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) Balance point Estimated/assumed

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Gas Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Residual 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Coking

Delayed Balance point Estimated/assumed

Fluid Balance point Estimated/assumed

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 5% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Reformer Feed 5% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Gasoline 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Heavy Gas Oil 15.2% % of catalytic cracking throughput contribution See catalytic hydrocracking info

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Diesel Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Catalytic Reforming 5% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Alkylation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isomerization

Isobutane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Lubricants 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Sulfur 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Unit Operation Value Year

Atmospheric Distillation 4.36% % of final product slate EIA - Input & Production wksht 2005

Vacuum Distillation 753,830 bbl/day heavy ends produced EIA - Input & Production wkst 2005

Catalytic Cracking (Fresh Feed) Balance point Estimated/assumed

Catalytic Hydrocracking

Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Gas Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Residual 51,300 bbl/day of lube oil from hydrocracking at 90% utilization O&GJ 2005 Refining Survey 2005

Coking

Delayed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Fluid 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Hydrotreating

Naphtha/Reformer Feed

Naphtha 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Reformer Feed 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Gasoline 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Heavy Gas Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Distillate Fuel Oil

Kerosene/Jet Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Diesel Fuel 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other Distillate 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Residual Fuel Oil/Other

Residual Fuel Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Other 115,605 bpd lubricants polishing throughput at 90% utilization O&GJ 2005 Refining Survey; 90% utiliz 2005

Catalytic Reforming 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Alkylation 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isomerization

Isobutane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Isopentane/Isohexane 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Lubricants 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Sulfur 100% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Aromatics 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Asphalt and Road Oil 0% % of throughput Estimated/assumed

Relative to final product slate

5% of throughput

All non-FCC coke 

distributed 

between coker 

types based on 

throughput

This worksheet provides the allocation basis and values for distributing the emissions amongst the various products. The allocations are done at a unit 

operation level. The top section describes the allocation for each unit operation with color coding providing general information on the type of source 

used. The next section reports the volumetric throughput assigned to the products for each unit operation and the final section provides the detailed 

inputs and sources used in allocations for each unit operation by product category.

Other source with quantitative values (see tables below)

Estimated/assumed based on qualitative information

10% of 

throughput

Equal to catalytic cracking throughput contribution for 

Gasoline, Diesel or Kerosene plus the remainder (after 

fuel oil, coke, heavy ends and FCC contribution is 

assigned) ratioed to Gasoline, Diesel and Kerosene 

relative to respective throughput contribution of coking 

units.

Equal to final product slate

Relative to final product slate

Balance relative to final product slate

Summary of Allocation Methodology and Sources

Units/Use of Parameter Source/Comments

Units/Use of Parameter

Units/Use of Parameter

Units/Use of Parameter

Units/Use of Parameter Source/Comments

Source/Comments

Basis for "Light Ends" Allocations

Units/Use of Parameter

Volumetric Throughput Assigned to Products (bpd)

Unit Operation-Specific Parameters

Basis for Gasoline Allocations

Percent of Volumetric Throughput Assigned to Products

45% of 

throughput

Source/Comments

From EIA - see "Input & Production" worksheet

Balance

Basis for "Heavy Ends" Allocations

Source/Comments

Source/Comments

Basis for Diesel Allocations

Basis for Kerosene Allocations

Source/Comments

Basis for Coke Allocations

Basis for Residual Fuel Oil Allocations

Units/Use of Parameter

Source/Comments

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Allocation

2008

132
Return to Contents Worksheet

Fuel Type Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

Conventional Gasoline 9.59 kg CO2/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.00331 kg CH4/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000216 kg N2O/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle

Conventional Diesel 7.63 kg CO2/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.00317 kg CH4/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000166 kg N2O/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 9.61 kg CO2/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.00327 kg CH4/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.000217 kg N2O/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft

Conventional Gasoline 1.96 kg CO2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000676 kg CH4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.0000441 kg N2O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle

Conventional Diesel 1.38 kg CO2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000575 kg CH4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.0000302 kg N2O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 1.84 kg CO2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.000625 kg CH4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.0000415 kg N2O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft

Fuel Type Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

Conventional Gasoline 4.598 kg CO2/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.00287 kg CH4/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000090 kg N2O/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle

Conventional Diesel 4.582 kg CO2/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.00286 kg CH4/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000090 kg N2O/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 4.543 kg CO2/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.00281 kg CH4/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.000089 kg N2O/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft

Conventional Gasoline 0.940 kg CO2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000586 kg CH4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.0000184 kg N2O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle

Conventional Diesel 0.831 kg CO2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.000518 kg CH4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.0000163 kg N2O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.869 kg CO2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.000538 kg CH4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.0000171 kg N2O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft

Transport Type Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year Emissions Units Source/Comments Year

Petroleum Product Pipeline 2.29 kg CO2/bbl product 0.00265 kg CH4/bbl product 0.0000297 kg N2O/bbl product

Water Carriers - Diesel 0.466 kg CO2/bbl product 0.0000340 kg CH4/bbl product 0.0000120 kg N2O/bbl product

Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil 1.14 kg CO2/bbl product 0.0000835 kg CH4/bbl product 0.0000291 kg N2O/bbl product

Railroad 0.134 kg CO2/bbl product 0.0000105 kg CH4/bbl product 0.00000343 kg N2O/bbl product

Motor Carriers 0.513 kg CO2/bbl product 0.00002881 kg CH4/bbl product 0.0000152 kg N2O/bbl product

Total Transport Profile 4.543 kg CO2/bbl product 0.00281 kg CH4/bbl product 0.0000893 kg N2O/bbl product

Petroleum Product Pipeline - Electricity 217 kg CO2/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 0.251 kg CH4/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004 0.00281 kg N2O/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

Water Carriers - Diesel 10,147 g CO2/gal fuel EIA 2007 0.74 g CH4/gal fuel EIA 2007 0.26 g N2O/gal fuel EIA 2007

Water Carriers - Resdidual Fuel Oil 11,793 g CO2/gal fuel EIA 2007 0.86 g CH4/gal fuel EIA 2007 0.30 g N2O/gal fuel EIA 2007

Railroad - Diesel 10,147 g CO2/gal fuel EIA 2007 0.80 g CH4/gal fuel EIA 2007 0.26 g N2O/gal fuel EIA 2007

Motor Carriers - Diesel 10,147 g CO2/gal fuel API 2004 Table 4-9 0.57 g CH4/gal fuel API 2004 Table 4-9 0.30 g N2O/gal fuel API 2004 Table 4-9

Transport Type Value Units Source/Comments Year

Water Carriers - Diesel 0.0460 gal fuel/bbl product

Water Carriers - Residual Fuel Oil 0.0970 gal fuel/bbl product

Railroad 0.0132 gal fuel/bbl product 100% Diesel

Motor Carriers 0.0505 gal fuel/bbl product 100% Diesel

Water Carriers Diesel Fuel Use 30.5% ORNL 2007

Water Carriers Residual Fuel Oil Use 69.5% ORNL 2007

Diesel Fuel Energy Content 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Residual Fuel Oil Energy Content 6.287 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Transport Type Value Units Source/Comments Year

Energy Use (two-way)

Petroleum Product Pipeline 10,555 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl of production

Water Carriers 20,900 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl of production

Railroad 1,828 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl of production

Motor Carriers 7,011 Btu HHV/bbl Per bbl of production

Energy Intensity (one-way)

Petroleum Product Pipeline 260 Btu/ton-mile Wang 2008, Electricity

Water Carriers 514 Btu HHV/ton-mile ORNL 2007, Table 2.16; Diesel/Fuel Oil

Railroad 337 Btu HHV/ton-mile ORNL 2007, Table 2.16; Diesel fuel

Motor Carriers 822 Btu HHV/ton-mile Diesel fuel

Motor Carriers 20,539 Btu HHV/vehicle-mile ORNL 2007, Table 2.16; Diesel fuel

Tanker capacity 25 tons Study Assumption

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year

Petroleum Product Pipeline 315.9 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004

Water Carriers 158.2 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004

Railroad 21.1 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004

Motor Carriers 33.2 billion ton-miles AOP 2006 2004

Net Petroleum Products Transported 7,781,225 Mbbl Fuels and petrochemicals excluded 2004

Refinery and Blender Net Production 6,519,753 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004

Petroleum Products Input as Fuel 350,264 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004

Petrochemical Feedstocks 170,055 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004

Natural Gas Liquids Production 662,151 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004

Petroleum Products Imported 1,119,640 Mbbl EIA Petroleum Navigator 2004

Fuel Type Emissions Units Comments Year Emissions Units Comments Year Emissions Units Comments Year

Conventional Gasoline 0.0388 kg CO2/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.0000451 kg CH4/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle 5.04E-07 kg N2O/bbl gasoline Per barrel consumed in vehicle

Conventional Diesel 0.0388 kg CO2/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.0000450 kg CH4/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle 5.03E-07 kg N2O/bbl diesel Per barrel consumed in vehicle

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.0000 kg CO2/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.0000000 kg CH4/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.00E+00 kg N2O/bbl kerosene Per barrel consumed in aircraft

Conventional Gasoline 0.00794 kg CO2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.00000922 kg CH4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 1.03E-07 kg N2O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle

Conventional Diesel 0.00704 kg CO2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 0.00000817 kg CH4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle 9.13E-08 kg N2O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in vehicle

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.0000 kg CO2/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.0000 kg CH4/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft 0.00E+00 kg N2O/MMBtu LHV Per barrel consumed in aircraft

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year

CO2 Emissions 0.0388 kg CO2/bbl

CH4 Emissions 0.0000450 kg CH4/bbl

N2O Emissions 0.000000503 kg N2O/bbl

Power Requirement 0.00125 kWh/gal Estimate for pump and meter operation

CO2 Emissions Factor for Electricity 0.739 kg CO2/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

CH4 Emissions Factor for Electricity 0.000858 kg CH4/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

N2O Emissions Factor for Electricity 0.00000959 kg N2O/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

N2O Emissions for Product Transport Including Losses

Fuel Use for Product Transport

Energy Use for Product Transport

2004 Annual Product Transport Data

CO2 Emissions for Product Transport Including Losses Methane Emissions for Product Transport Including Losses

GHG Emissions Associated with Gasoline and Diesel Refueling Operations in the U.S.

This worksheet calculates GHG emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #4 (product transport and vehicle/aircraft refueling) and incorporates product losses associated with transport, bulk storage and refueling. Key assumptions for 

domestic transport include that all petroleum products travel the same distance on the same mix of transport modes. Foreign transport distances for Canada and Virgin Islands are determined using port-to-port data from EIA. All other 

transport is assumed to be 5,000 miles with the return trip allocated 50% to the product of interest. Pipeline transport from the foreign refinery to the foreign port of 10 miles is included.

CO2 Emissions for Product Transport Excluding Losses Methane Emissions for Product Transport Excluding Losses N2O Emissions for Product Transport Excluding Losses

N2O Emissions for Product Transport Including Losses

GHG Emissions Associated with Petroleum Product Transport in the U.S.

Life Cycle Stage #4 Summary GHG Emissions Associated with Petroleum Product Transport and Refueling for U.S.-Produced Fuels

Life Cycle Stage #4 Summary GHG Emissions Associated with Petroleum Product Transport and Refueling for Imported Fuels

CO2 Emissions for Product Transport Including Losses Methane Emissions for Product Transport Including Losses

N2O Emissions for Refueling and Filling Station Operations

Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Dispensing

CO2 Emissions for Refueling and Filling Station Operations Methane Emissions for Refueling and Filling Station Operations

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Product Transp Refuel Summary

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Parameter Value Units Value Units

CO2 Emissions 75.0 kg CO2 / MMBtu LHV 76.6 kg CO2 / MMBtu LHV

CH4 Emissions 0.00488 kg CH4 / MMBtu LHV 0.0000800 kg CH4 / MMBtu LHV

N2O Emissions 0.00499 kg N2O / MMBtu LHV 0.000175 kg N2O / MMBtu LHV

GHG Emissions 76.6 kg CO2E / MMBtu LHV 76.7 kg CO2E / MMBtu LHV

CO2 Emissions (per mile) 0.365 kg CO2 / mile 0.286 kg CO2 / mile

CH4 Emissions (per mile) 2.37E-05 kg CH4 / mile 2.99E-07 kg CH4 / mile

N2O Emissions (per mile) 2.43E-05 kg N2O / mile 6.53E-07 kg N2O / mile

GHG Emissions (per mile) 0.373 kg CO2E / mile 0.286 kg CO2E / mile

Total fuel use (LHV) 4,866 Btu LHV / mile 3,737 Btu LHV / mile

This worksheet provides the emissions associated with Life Cycle Stage #6 - Vehicle Operation for gasoline and diesel 

fuel. 

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel

Passenger Vehicle GHG Emissions - 2005 Fleet

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Vehicle Operation

2008 134
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Parameter Value Units Sources

CO2 Emissions 77.1 kg CO2/MMBtu LHV

CH4 Emissions 0.000528 kg CH4/MMBtu LHV

N2O Emissions 0.00211 kg N2O/MMBtu LHV

GHG Emissions 77.7 kg CO2E/MMBtu LHV

CO2 Emissions 3.16 kg CO2/kg jet fuel IPCC 2006

CH4 Emissions 0.500 kg CH4 / TJ LHV IPCC 2006

N2O Emissions 2.000 kg N2O / TJ LHV IPCC 2006

Jet Fuel Density 0.8026 kg/L PQIS Annual Report DESC

Jet Fuel Energy Content 43.245 MJ LHV/kg Source/Comments

Jet Fuel Use Emissions by Aircraft

This worksheet calculates the GHG emissions associated with aircraft operation. 

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Aircraft Operation

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Country bpd % of Total Mbbl/yr Source/Comments Year

ALGERIA 2,463 0% 899 EIA 2005

ANGOLA 403 0% 147 EIA 2005

ARGENTINA 24,099 2% 8,796 EIA 2005

ARUBA 893 0% 326 EIA 2005

AUSTRALIA 110 0% 40 EIA 2005

BAHAMAS, The 1,449 0% 529 EIA 2005

BELGIUM 29,562 3% 10,790 EIA 2005

BRAZIL 4,570 0% 1,668 EIA 2005

BULGARIA 1,482 0% 541 EIA 2005

CANADA 174,436 16% 63,669 EIA 2005

CHILE 7,882 1% 2,877 EIA 2005

CHINA, PEOPLES REP 2,277 0% 831 EIA 2005

COLOMBIA 1,474 0% 538 EIA 2005

CONGO (BRAZZAVILLE) 348 0% 127 EIA 2005

DENMARK 2,340 0% 854 EIA 2005

ECUADOR 2,699 0% 985 EIA 2005

EGYPT 6,603 1% 2,410 EIA 2005

ESTONIA 25,652 2% 9,363 EIA 2005

FINLAND 14,362 1% 5,242 EIA 2005

FRANCE 39,222 4% 14,316 EIA 2005

GABON 66 0% 24 EIA 2005

GEORGIA 274 0% 100 EIA 2005

GERMANY 28,162 3% 10,279 EIA 2005

GHANA 1,479 0% 540 EIA 2005

INDIA 10,616 1% 3,875 EIA 2005

INDONESIA 296 0% 108 EIA 2005

IRELAND 2,825 0% 1,031 EIA 2005

ITALY 34,285 3% 12,514 EIA 2005

JAPAN 2,482 0% 906 EIA 2005

KOREA, SOUTH 4,899 0% 1,788 EIA 2005

KUWAIT 137 0% 50 EIA 2005

LATVIA 18,803 2% 6,863 EIA 2005

LITHUANIA 19,047 2% 6,952 EIA 2005

MALAYSIA 1,693 0% 618 EIA 2005

MARTINIQUE 699 0% 255 EIA 2005

MEXICO 1,611 0% 588 EIA 2005

NETHERLANDS 115,934 10% 42,316 EIA 2005

NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 5,644 1% 2,060 EIA 2005

NIGERIA 15,367 1% 5,609 EIA 2005

NORWAY 14,718 1% 5,372 EIA 2005

PERU 3,208 0% 1,171 EIA 2005

POLAND 88 0% 32 EIA 2005

PORTUGAL 9,293 1% 3,392 EIA 2005

QATAR 110 0% 40 EIA 2005

ROMANIA 2,896 0% 1,057 EIA 2005

RUSSIA 68,255 6% 24,913 EIA 2005

SAUDI ARABIA 18,460 2% 6,738 EIA 2005

SINGAPORE 2,364 0% 863 EIA 2005

SPAIN 24,364 2% 8,893 EIA 2005

SWEDEN 14,142 1% 5,162 EIA 2005

TAIWAN 3,841 0% 1,402 EIA 2005

THAILAND 189 0% 69 EIA 2005

TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 8,995 1% 3,283 EIA 2005

TURKEY 11,584 1% 4,228 EIA 2005

TURKMENISTAN 542 0% 198 EIA 2005

UNITED KINGDOM 114,118 10% 41,653 EIA 2005

URUGUAY 3,192 0% 1,165 EIA 2005

VENEZUELA 83,745 8% 30,567 EIA 2005

VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 115,967 10% 42,328 EIA 2005

Total Imports 1,106,712 100% 403,950 EIA 2005

Country bpd % of Total Mbbl/yr Source/Comments Year

ALGERIA 819 1% 299 EIA 2005

ARUBA 12,729 8% 4,646 EIA 2005

BELGIUM 1,296 1% 473 EIA 2005

CANADA 58,710 37% 21,429 EIA 2005

DENMARK 2,074 1% 757 EIA 2005

ESTONIA 1,186 1% 433 EIA 2005

FRANCE 389 0% 142 EIA 2005

GERMANY 764 0% 279 EIA 2005

INDONESIA 1,868 1% 682 EIA 2005

JAPAN 1,729 1% 631 EIA 2005

KAZAKHSTAN 564 0% 206 EIA 2005

KOREA, SOUTH 4,542 3% 1,658 EIA 2005

KUWAIT 633 0% 231 EIA 2005

LATVIA 1,751 1% 639 EIA 2005

LITHUANIA 370 0% 135 EIA 2005

NETHERLANDS 8,279 5% 3,022 EIA 2005

NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 318 0% 116 EIA 2005

NORWAY 712 0% 260 EIA 2005

PHILIPPINES 110 0% 40 EIA 2005

RUSSIA 99 0% 36 EIA 2005

SINGAPORE 2,044 1% 746 EIA 2005

SWEDEN 1,197 1% 437 EIA 2005

TAIWAN 1,449 1% 529 EIA 2005

UNITED KINGDOM 814 1% 297 EIA 2005

VENEZUELA 3,734 2% 1,363 EIA 2005

VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 48,984 31% 17,879 EIA 2005

Total Imports 157,164 100% 56,581 EIA 2005

Country bpd % of Total Mbbl/yr Source/Comments Year

ALGERIA 1,458 1% 532 EIA 2005

ARGENTINA 490 0% 179 EIA 2005

ARUBA 8,140 4% 2,971 EIA 2005

BELGIUM 786 0% 287 EIA 2005

CANADA 11,408 6% 4,164 EIA 2005

CHINA, PEOPLES REP 282 0% 103 EIA 2005

COLOMBIA 1,181 1% 431 EIA 2005

FRANCE 2,329 1% 850 EIA 2005

INDIA 4,236 2% 1,546 EIA 2005

IRAQ 1,962 1% 716 EIA 2005

JAPAN 3,345 2% 1,221 EIA 2005

KOREA, SOUTH 41,641 22% 15,199 EIA 2005

KUWAIT 7,173 4% 2,618 EIA 2005

MALAYSIA 548 0% 200 EIA 2005

MEXICO 5,178 3% 1,890 EIA 2005

NETHERLANDS 1,570 1% 573 EIA 2005

NETHERLANDS ANTILLES 449 0% 164 EIA 2005

QATAR 68 0% 25 EIA 2005

RUSSIA 890 0% 325 EIA 2005

SAUDI ARABIA 8,074 4% 2,947 EIA 2005

SINGAPORE 12,745 7% 4,652 EIA 2005

TAIWAN 11,701 6% 4,271 EIA 2005

TRINIDAD & TOBAGO 2,521 1% 920 EIA 2005

UNITED KINGDOM 288 0% 105 EIA 2005

VENEZUELA 29,847 16% 10,894 EIA 2005

VIRGIN ISLANDS, U.S. 31,740 17% 11,585 EIA 2005

Total Imports 190,049 100% 69,368 EIA 2005

Product Type Quantity Units Source/Comments Year

Gasoline 72,799 Mbbl/yr 2005

Oxygenates 15,181 Mbbl/yr EIA 2005

Motor Gasoline Blending Componenets 8,145 Mbbl/yr EIA 2005

Finished Motor Gasoline 49,473 Mbbl/yr EIA 2005

Diesel Greater than 15 to 500 ppm Sulfur 14,344 Mbbl/yr EIA 2005

Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel 19,203 Mbbl/yr EIA 2005

Exports

Conventional Gasoline Finished Products and Blending Components Imports

This worksheet provides the volumes of motor gasoline, highway diesel and kerosene-based jet fuel imported to 

the U.S. in 2005. Exported product is shown at the bottom as well.

Conventional Diesel (≤500 ppm Sulfur) Imports

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel Imports

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Product Imports

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Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year

Crude Oil Loss Factor 1.00286 ENI Fact Book

Crude Oil Losses 0.285% ENI Fact Book

Transport Losses 0.20 MMtonnes/yr ENI Fact Book

Available for Refining 70.1 MMtonnes/yr ENI Fact Book

Parameter Value Units Source/Comments Year Value Units Source/Comments Year Value Units Source/Comments Year

Delivery Requirements to Accommodate 

Losses from Loading at Foreign Refineries to 

Refueling

1.0047 1.0000125 1.000058

Delivery Requirements to Accommodate 

Losses from Transport from Foreign Refineries 

to Refueling

1.0044 1.0000118 1.000057

Delivery Requirements to Accommodate 

Losses from Bulk Storage to Refueling 1.0037 Losses from bulk storage incurred prior to motor carrier transport 1.0000110 Losses from bulk storage incurred prior to motor carrier transport 1.000056 Losses from bulk storage incurred prior to motor carrier transport

Delivery Requirements to Accommodate 

Losses from Transport to Refueling 1.0025 1.0000085 1.000043

Delivery Requirements to Accommodate 

Losses from Filling Station and Refueling 1.0016 1.0000067 1.000034

Delivery Requirements to Accommodate 

Losses from Refueling 1.0003 1.0000041 1.000021

Delivery Requirements to the U.S. to 

Accommodate Losses from Foreign Transport 1.0010 1.0000 1.0000

Loading Operation Losses (percent) 0.0293% 0.0000711% 0.0000755%

Loading Operation Losses (volumetric) 1.8 lb/103

 gallon EPA AP-42, Tables 5.2-2 and 5.2-6 0.005 lb/103 gallon EPA AP-42, Tables 5.2-2 and 5.2-6 0.005 lb/103 gallon EPA AP-42, Tables 5.2-2 and 5.2-6

Weighted Average Foreign Transport Loss 0.0726% 0.0000711% 0.000128%

Canada 0.0290% 0.0000352% 0.0000374%

Virgin Islands 0.0327% 0.0000501% 0.0000533%

All Other 0.0878% 0.000142% 0.000151%

Waterborne Import Volumes 1,106,712 bpd 157,164 bpd 190,049 bpd

Canada Waterborne 170,849 bpd Analysis of EIA port-to-port data 48,088 bpd Analysis of EIA port-to-port data 9,344 bpd Same ratio as diesel

Virgin Islands 115,967 bpd EIA 48,984 bpd EIA 31,740 bpd EIA

All Other 816,310 bpd EIA 49,471 bpd EIA 146,901 bpd EIA

Weighted Average Transit Time

Canada 0.66 weeks Analysis of EIA port-to-port data 0.49 Analysis of EIA port-to-port data 0.49 Set equal to diesel

Virgin Islands 0.74 weeks Analysis of EIA port-to-port data 0.71 Analysis of EIA port-to-port data 0.71 Set equal to diesel

All Other 2.0 weeks Study Assumption 2.0 Study Assumption 2.0 Study Assumption

Marine Transit Losses 2.7 lb/week-103

 gallon EPA AP-42, Tables 5.2-6 0.005 lb/week-103 gallon EPA AP-42, Tables 5.2-6 0.005 lb/week-103 gallon EPA AP-42, Tables 5.2-6

Bulk Terminal Losses (percent) 0.116% 0.00025% 0.0013%

Bulk Terminal Loss Rate (volumetric) 0.00116 bbl/bbl 0.0000025 bbl/bbl 0.000013 bbl/bbl

Bulk Terminal Loss Rate (energentic) 24.6 g/GJ Lewis 1997 0.0551 g/GJ Lewis 1997 0.271 g/GJ Lewis 1997

Transport Losses (percent) 0.0851% 0.00019% 0.00094%

Transport Losses (volumetric) 0.000851 bbl/bbl 0.0000019 bbl/bbl 0.0000094 bbl/bbl

Transport Losses (energetic) 18 g/GJ Lewis 1997 0.0405 g/GJ Lewis 1997 0.199 g/GJ Lewis 1997

Filling Station Losses (percent) 0.135% 0.00025% 0.0013%

Filling Station Losses (volumetric) 0.001349 bbl/bbl 0.0000025 bbl/bbl 0.0000129 bbl/bbl

Filling Station Losses (mass) 8.3 lb/kgal EPA AP-42, Table 5.2-7; submerged filling

Filling Station Losses (energetic) 0.0551 g/GJ Lewis 1997 0.271 g/GJ Lewis 1997

Refueling Losses (percent) 0.0293% 0.00041% 0.00210%

Refueling Losses (volumetric) 0.000293 bbl/bbl 0.0000041 bbl/bbl 0.0000210 bbl/bbl

Refueling Losses (mass) 1.8 lb/kgal EPA AP-42, Table 5.2-7; controlled 

Refueling Losses (energetic) 0.0903 g/GJ Lewis 1997 0.443 g/GJ Lewis 1997

Energy Content 5.25 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A - 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A - 5.670 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A -

Mean Density 117,233 g/bbl EPA 2007c 134,048 g/bbl EPA 2007c 126,103 g/bbl EPA 2007c

This worksheet documents and develops the loss factors associated with crude oil transport and petroleum product transport for each gasoline, diesel and jet fuel. The crude oil factor is all-encompassing while the 

product factor is a build up of refueling losses, filling station losses, domestic transport losses, bulk storage losses, and foreign waterborne transport and ship loading losses. The losses are applied to all activities 

occuring prior to the loss to account for additional activity (i.e. crude oil extraction, refining) that must occur to deliver a barrel of product to the vehicle/aircraft.

Gasoline Loss Calculations Diesel Loss Calculation Kerosene Loss Calculations

Product Loss Associated with Petroleum Product Transport, Operation of Bulk Terminals, Filling Stations and Refueling

Crude Oil Loss Factor

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Loss Factors

2008 137
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Green House Gas Value Units

Source/Commen

ts Year

CO2 Emissions 0.739 kg CO2/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

CH4 Emissions 0.000858 kg CH4/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

N2O Emissions 0.00000959 kg N2O/kWh GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

CO2 Emissions 217 kg CO2/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

CH4 Emissions 0.251 kg CH4/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

N2O Emissions 0.00281 kg N2O/MMBtu GaBi 4 / eGRID (2004 U.S. mix) 2004

Green House Gas Value Units Year

Steam from 70% natural gas and 30% heavy fuel oil with 89% efficiency

CO2 Emissions 92.7 kg CO2/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007

CH4 Emissions 0.132 kg CH4/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007

N2O Emissions 0.00104 kg N2O/MMBtu HHV GaBi 4, 2007; ConEdison 2007

Parameter Value Units Year

CO2 Emissions 0.398 kg CO2/kg NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4

CH4 Emissions 0.005 kg CH4/kg NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4

N2O Emissions 0.000 kg N2O/kg NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4

GHG Emissions 0.516 kg CO2E/kg NG

CO2 Emissions 7,577 kg CO2/MMscf NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4

CH4 Emissions 88.6 kg CH4/MMscf NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4

N2O Emissions 0.165 kg N2O/MMscf NG Estimated from total emissions factors defined by GaBi4

GHG Emissions 9,840 kg CO2E/MMscf NG

NG 1/Density 23.8 scf/lb API 2004

Select GWP Factor Option Here-> IPCC 2007 IPCC 2007 IPCC 2001 User Defined

CO2 GWP Factor 1 1 1 1

Methane GWP Factor 25 25 23 86

N2O GWP Factor 298 298 296 280

Product Type Value Units Year

Energy Content

Conventional Gasoline 4.892 MMBtu LHV/bbl EPA MOVES

Conventional Diesel 5.512 MMBtu LHV/bbl EPA MOVES

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 5.230 MMBtu LHV/bbl PQIS Annual Report DESC 2005

Conventional Gasoline 44.0 MJ LHV/kg EPA MOVES

Conventional Diesel 43.2 MJ LHV/kg EPA MOVES

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 43.245 MJ LHV/kg 2005

Density

Conventional Gasoline 2.793 kg/gal EPA MOVES

Conventional Diesel 3.205 kg/gal EPA MOVES

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 0.803 kg/L PQIS Annual Report DESC 2005

Gasoline & Aviation Gasoline 5.253 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Distillate 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Kerosene-Type Jet Fuel & Kerosene 5.670 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Residual Fuel Oil 6.287 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Coke Production 6.024 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Light Ends (Still Gas, LRG, Special 

Naphtha, Petchem Feed) 5.133 MMBtu HHV/bbl

Heavy/Other (Asphalt & Road Oil, 

Lubricants, Waxes, Misc) 6.420 MMBtu HHV/bbl

Product Type Value Units Year

Still Gas 6.000 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Liquefied Refinery Gas 3.836 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA - Energy content for propane

Special Naphthas 5.248 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Naphtha for Petrochemical Use 5.248 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Other Oils for Petrochemical Use 5.825 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Still Gas 683,600 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Liquefied Refinery Gas 572,682 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Special Naphthas 38,381 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Naphtha for Petrochemical Use 214,482 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Other Oils for Petrochemical Use 174,416 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Product Type

Energy 

Content Units Year

Asphalt & Road Oils 6.636 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Lubricants 6.065 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Waxes 5.537 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Miscellaneous 5.796 MMBtu HHV/bbl EIA Monthly Energy Review Appendix A

Asphalt & Road Oils 511,605 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Lubricants 167,775 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Waxes 15,912 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Miscellaneous 58,537 bpd EIA Petroleum Navigator 2005

Source/Comments

Source/Comments

Weighted average of below

Steam Production - Full GHG Profile

Energy Content of Refinery Product Categories - not equivalent to prior table

Weighted average of below

Source/Comments

Electricity - Full GHG Profile

This worksheet provides the GHG emissions profiles for natural gas (upstream only), electricity and steam 

generation, the GWP factors for carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, and the energy contents of refinery 

products for use throughout the life cycle stages.

Properties of Conventional Gasoline, Conventional Diesel and Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

"Heavy Ends" Energy Content

"Light Ends" Energy Content

Natural Gas - Upstream GHG Emissions

Global Warming Potential Factors

Source/Comments

Source/Comments

Source/Comments

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

Misc Factors

2008 138
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This worksheet provides the sensitivity analysis factors, base values, ranges, results and variance from the base WTW and WTT values.

PROPRIEEPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

SA Summary

2008 139
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This worksheet is where inputs are made for the sensitivity analysis. All values should be returned to the pink value.

PROPRIEEPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

SA Inputs

2008 140
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Low Difference High

Low 

Description

High 

Description

Base Value 19.63

Catalytic Reformer Allocation 19.63 1.73 21.36

Product Transport Loss Factors 19.59 0.11 19.71

Total Products Transported Domestically 19.63 0.24 19.87

Product Vessel Transport Distance 19.60 0.08 19.68

Product Vessel Energy Intensity 19.60 0.05 19.64

Refining Profile for Imported Products 19.20 0.81 20.00 75% 130%

Gas Oil Hydrocracking Contribution to Products 19.45 0.36 19.81 30% gasoline 70% gasoline

Catalytic Cracking Contribution to Products 19.39 0.49 19.87 56% gasoline 64% gasoline

Hydrotreating Energy Consumption 19.60 0.03 19.63 Adjusted Base

Catalytic Reformer Energy Consumption 19.65 0.10 19.76 223 283

Delayed Coker Energy Consumption 19.58 0.12 19.69 175 115

Vacuum Distillation Energy Consumption 19.62 0.02 19.65 115 50

Vacuum Distillation Capacity Utilization 19.59 0.08 19.67 90% 80%

Hydrotreating Capacity Utilization 19.60 0.03 19.63 85% Base

Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption 19.61 0.08 19.69 80% 150%

Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen Production 19.62 0.38 20.01 1,200 800

Flaring/Venting/Fugitive at Refinery 19.62 0.15 19.77 venting 25% flaring 300%

Hydrogen Plant Capacity Utilization 19.60 0.07 19.66 80% 90%

Off-Site Hydrogen Production 19.58 0.13 19.71 80% 125%

Hydrogen Plant Feed Input 19.67 0.03 19.69 325 375

Electricity Profile for Refineries 19.53 0.25 19.78 90% 115%

Still Gas Emissions Factors 19.53 0.24 19.77 lpg pentanes

Crude Oil Loss Factor 19.62 0.04 19.66

Crude Oil Foreign Pipeline Transport 19.46 0.43 19.89

Crude Oil Waterborne Transport Distances 19.57 0.15 19.72

Crude Oil Carrier Energy Intensity 19.50 0.32 19.82

Venezuelan Profile 19.63 0.41 20.04

Canadian Oil Sands Profile 19.45 0.37 19.82

Foreign Average Crude Oil Delivered Profiles 19.61 0.06 19.67

Foreign Average Crude Oil Extraction Profiles 19.33 0.48 19.81

Crude Oil Extraction Profile Adjustment 18.95 1.02 19.98

Base Value 18.39

Catalytic Reformer Allocation 16.21 2.17 18.39

Product Transport Loss Factors 18.39 0.00 18.39

Total Products Transported Domestically 18.39 0.22 18.60

Product Vessel Transport Distance 18.38 0.02 18.40

Product Vessel Energy Intensity 18.38 0.01 18.39

Refining Profile for Imported Products 18.21 0.32 18.53 75% 130%

Gas Oil Hydrocracking Contribution to Products 18.07 0.64 18.70 70% gasoline 30% gasoline

Catalytic Cracking Contribution to Products 18.01 0.75 18.76 64% gasoline 56% gasoline

Hydrotreating Energy Consumption 18.39 0.11 18.49 Base Adjusted

Catalytic Reformer Energy Consumption 18.27 0.05 18.32 283 223

Delayed Coker Energy Consumption 18.31 0.14 18.45 115 175

Vacuum Distillation Energy Consumption 18.35 0.10 18.45 115 50

Vacuum Distillation Capacity Utilization 18.29 0.20 18.48 80% 90%

Hydrotreating Capacity Utilization 18.39 0.12 18.50 Base 0.85

Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption 18.30 0.11 18.42 150% 80%

Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen Production 17.91 0.49 18.40 800 1200

Flaring/Venting/Fugitive at Refinery 18.38 0.14 18.52 venting 25% flaring 300%

Hydrogen Plant Capacity Utilization 18.32 0.12 18.45 80% 90%

Off-Site Hydrogen Production 18.29 0.21 18.50 80% 125%

Hydrogen Plant Feed Input 18.14 0.33 18.48 325 375

Electricity Profile for Refineries 18.29 0.23 18.52 90% 115%

Still Gas Emissions Factors 18.30 0.22 18.51 lpg pentanes

Crude Oil Loss Factor 18.37 0.04 18.41

Crude Oil Foreign Pipeline Transport 18.23 0.40 18.63

Crude Oil Waterborne Transport Distances 18.33 0.14 18.47

Crude Oil Carrier Energy Intensity 18.26 0.31 18.57

Venezuelan Profile 18.39 0.36 18.75

Canadian Oil Sands Profile 18.21 0.35 18.56

Foreign Average Crude Oil Delivered Profiles 18.37 0.03 18.40

Foreign Average Crude Oil Extraction Profiles 18.10 0.46 18.56

Crude Oil Extraction Profile Adjustment 17.74 0.97 18.71

Base Value 15.14

Catalytic Reformer Allocation 13.80 1.34 15.14

Product Transport Loss Factors 15.14 0.00 15.14

Total Products Transported Domestically 15.14 0.23 15.37

Product Vessel Transport Distance 15.11 0.07 15.18

Product Vessel Energy Intensity 15.11 0.04 15.15

Refining Profile for Imported Products 14.90 0.44 15.34 75% 130%

Gas Oil Hydrocracking Contribution to Products 15.14 0.00 15.14 70% gasoline 30% gasoline

Catalytic Cracking Contribution to Products 15.00 0.28 15.28 64% gasoline 56% gasoline

Hydrotreating Energy Consumption 14.93 0.21 15.14 Adjusted Base

Catalytic Reformer Energy Consumption 15.06 0.04 15.10 283 223

Delayed Coker Energy Consumption 15.14 0.01 15.15 175 115

Vacuum Distillation Energy Consumption 15.04 0.28 15.31 115 50

Vacuum Distillation Capacity Utilization 15.13 0.02 15.15 80% 90%

Hydrotreating Capacity Utilization 15.13 0.01 15.14 85% Base

Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption 15.11 0.11 15.22 150% 80%

Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen Production 14.87 0.26 15.13 800 1200

Flaring/Venting/Fugitive at Refinery 15.13 0.09 15.22 venting 25% flaring 300%

Hydrogen Plant Capacity Utilization 15.11 0.07 15.17 80% 90%

Off-Site Hydrogen Production 15.09 0.11 15.20 80% 125%

Hydrogen Plant Feed Input 14.99 0.21 15.20 325 375

Electricity Profile for Refineries 15.08 0.15 15.23 90% 115%

Still Gas Emissions Factors 15.08 0.14 15.22 lpg pentanes

Crude Oil Loss Factor 15.13 0.04 15.16

Crude Oil Foreign Pipeline Transport 14.98 0.41 15.39

Crude Oil Waterborne Transport Distances 15.08 0.14 15.22

Crude Oil Carrier Energy Intensity 15.01 0.31 15.32

Venezuelan Profile 15.14 0.42 15.56

Canadian Oil Sands Profile 14.98 0.31 15.30

Foreign Average Crude Oil Delivered Profiles 15.09 0.13 15.22

Foreign Average Crude Oil Extraction Profiles 14.86 0.44 15.31

Crude Oil Extraction Profile Adjustment 14.52 0.97 15.49

Conventional Gasoline

Conventional Diesel

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

Data used for sensitifity analysis charts.

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

SA Chart Data

2008 141
Return to Contents Worksheet

Sensitivity analysis result charts

16.5 17.5 18.5 19.5 20.5

Venezuelan Profile

Canadian Oil Sands Profile

Foreign Average Crude Oil Delivered Profiles

Foreign Average Crude Oil Extraction Profiles

Crude Oil Extraction Profile Adjustment

Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Diesel Fuel Consumed 

in the U.S. in 2005

Baseline

Value

58% of study value

(equal to U.S.)

125% of study value 

(65% of Angola)

151% of study value 

(equal to China)

67% of study value 

(equal to Sweden)

Baseline adjustment in 

line with U.S. profile

Reduced flaring/ 

venting

25% synthetic/ blended 

bitumen

75% of study value 125% of study value

13.5 14.5 15.5 16.5 17.5

Venezuelan Profile

Canadian Oil Sands Profile

Foreign Average Crude Oil Delivered Profiles

Foreign Average Crude Oil Extraction Profiles

Crude Oil Extraction Profile Adjustment

Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2E per MMBtu LHV of Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel Consumed 

in the U.S. in 2005

Baseline

Value

58% of study value

(equal to U.S.)

125% of study value 

(65% of Angola)

151% of study value 

(equal to China)

67% of study value 

(equal to Sweden)

Baseline adjustment in line with 

U.S. profile

Reduced flaring/ 

venting

25% synthetic/ blended 

bitumen

75% of study value 125% of study value

18 19 20 21 22

Venezuelan Profile

Canadian Oil Sands Profile

Foreign Average Crude Oil Delivered Profiles

Foreign Average Crude Oil Extraction Profiles

Crude Oil Extraction Profile Adjustment

Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Gasoline Consumed

in the U.S. in 2005

58% of study value

(equal to U.S.)

125% of study value 

(65% of Angola)

151% of study value 

(equal to China)

67% of study value (equal 

to Sweden)

Baseline adjustment in line with U.S. 

profile

Reduced flaring/ 

venting

25% synthetic/ blended bitumen

75% of study value 125% of study value

Baseline

Value

16.5 17.5 18.5 19.5 20.5

Crude Oil Loss Factor

Crude Oil Foreign Pipeline Transport

Crude Oil Waterborne Transport Distances

Crude Oil Carrier Energy Intensity

Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Diesel Fuel Consumed 

in the U.S. in 2005

Baseline

Value

90% of study value 115% of study value

200 miles; 

120% of U.S. 

electricity profile

50 miles; 

80% of U.S. electricity 

profile

4.25 Btu / bbl-mile 7.25 Btu / bbl-mile

50% of study value 200% of study value

13.5 14.5 15.5 16.5 17.5

Crude Oil Loss Factor

Crude Oil Foreign Pipeline Transport

Crude Oil Waterborne Transport Distances

Crude Oil Carrier Energy Intensity

Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2E per MMBtu LHV of Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel Consumed 

in the U.S. in 2005

Baseline

Value

90% of study value 115% of study value

200 miles; 

120% of U.S. electricity 

profile

50 miles; 

80% of U.S. electricity 

profile

4.25 Btu / bbl-mile 7.25 Btu / bbl-mile

50% of study value 200% of study value

18 19 20 21 22

Crude Oil Loss Factor

Crude Oil Foreign Pipeline Transport

Crude Oil Waterborne Transport Distances

Crude Oil Carrier Energy Intensity

Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Gasoline Consumed 

in the U.S. in 2005

90% of study value 115% of study value

200 miles; 

120% of U.S. electricity 

profile

50 miles; 

80% of U.S. electricity 

profile

4.25 Btu / bbl-mile 7.25 Btu / bbl-mile

50% of study value 200% of study value

Baseline

Value

18 19 20 21 22

Refining Profile for Imported 

Products

Gas Oil Hydrocracking 

Contribution to Products

Catalytic Cracking 

Contribution to Products

Hydrotreating Energy 

Consumption

Catalytic Reformer Energy 

Consumption

Delayed Coker Energy 

Consumption

Vacuum Distillation Energy 

Consumption

Vacuum Distillation Capacity 

Utilization

Hydrotreating Capacity 

Utilization

Hydrocracker Hydrogen 

Consumption

Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen 

Production

Flaring/Venting/Fugitive at 

Refinery

Hydrogen Plant Capacity 

Utilization

Off-Site Hydrogen Production

Hydrogen Plant Feed Input

Electricity Profile for 

Refineries

Still Gas Emissions Factors

Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Gasoline Consumed 

in the U.S. in 2005

Equal to LPG Equal to pentanes plus

Baseline

Value

375 Btu HHV/ scf 

hydrogen

325 Btu HHV/ scf 

hydrogen

80% of study value 125% of study value

80% capacity utilization 90% capacity utilization

25% of study venting/ 300% of study flaring value

fugitive value

800 scf hydrogen/ bbl 

throughput

1,200 scf hydrogen/ bbl 

throughput

80% of study value 150% of study value

85% capacity utilization

50 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

115 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

115 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

175 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

283 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

223 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

80% capacity utilization 90% capacity utilization

Adjusted by 

subcategories

64%/15%/1%

gasoline/diesel/jet fuel

56%/22%/2%

gasoline/diesel/jet fuel

70%/20%

gasoline/diesel

30%/60%

gasoline/diesel

Same for subcategories 

(study assumption)

80% capacity utilization 

(study value)

65% of study value 130% of study value

90% of study value 115% of study value

16.5 17.5 18.5 19.5 20.5

Refining Profile for Imported Products

Gas Oil Hydrocracking Contribution to Products

Catalytic Cracking Contribution to Products

Hydrotreating Energy Consumption

Catalytic Reformer Energy Consumption

Delayed Coker Energy Consumption

Vacuum Distillation Energy Consumption

Vacuum Distillation Capacity Utilization

Hydrotreating Capacity Utilization

Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption

Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen Production

Flaring/Venting/Fugitive at Refinery

Hydrogen Plant Capacity Utilization

Off-Site Hydrogen Production

Hydrogen Plant Feed Input

Electricity Profile for Refineries

Still Gas Emissions Factors

Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Diesel Fuel Consumed 

in the U.S. in 2005

Baseline

Value

Equal to LPG Equal to pentanes plus

375 Btu HHV/ scf 

hydrogen

325 Btu HHV/ scf 

hydrogen

80% of study value 125% of study value

80% capacity utilization 90% capacity utilization

25% of study venting/ fugitive 300% of study flaring value

value

800 scf hydrogen/ bbl 

throughput

1,200 scf hydrogen/ bbl 

throughput

150% of study value 80% of study value

85% capacity utilization

50 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

115 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

175 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

115 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

223 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

283 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

90% capacity utilization 80% capacity 

utilization

Adjusted by subcategories

64%/15%/1%

gasoline/diesel/jet fuel

56%/22%/2%

gasoline/diesel/jet fuel

70%/20%

gasoline/diesel

30%/60%

gasoline/diesel

Same for subcategories

(study assumption)

80% capacity utilization 

(study value)

65% of study value 130% of study value

90% of study value 115% of study value

13.5 14.5 15.5 16.5 17.5

Refining Profile for Imported Products

Gas Oil Hydrocracking Contribution to Products

Catalytic Cracking Contribution to Products

Hydrotreating Energy Consumption

Catalytic Reformer Energy Consumption

Delayed Coker Energy Consumption

Vacuum Distillation Energy Consumption

Vacuum Distillation Capacity Utilization

Hydrotreating Capacity Utilization

Hydrocracker Hydrogen Consumption

Catalytic Reformer Hydrogen Production

Flaring/Venting/Fugitive at Refinery

Hydrogen Plant Capacity Utilization

Off-Site Hydrogen Production

Hydrogen Plant Feed Input

Electricity Profile for Refineries

Still Gas Emissions Factors

Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2E per MMBtu LHV of Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel Consumed 

in the U.S. in 2005

Baseline

Value

Equal to LPG Equal to pentanes plus

375 Btu HHV/ scf 

hydrogen

325 Btu HHV/ scf 

hydrogen

80% of study value 125% of study value

80% capacity 90% capacity utilization

utilization

300% of study flaring 

value

25% of study venting/ 

fugitive value

800 scf hydrogen/ bbl 

throughput

1,200 scf hydrogen/ bbl 

throughput

80% of study value 150% of study value

85% capacity utilization

50 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

115 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

175 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

115 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

223 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

283 MBtu HHV/ bbl 

throughput

90% capacity 

utilization

80% capacity 

utilization

Adjusted by 

subcategories

64%/15%/1%

gasoline/diesel/jet fuel

56%/22%/2%

gasoline/diesel/jet fuel

No change to jet fuel

Same for subcategories 

(study assumption)

80% capacity utilization (study 

value)

65% of study value 130% of study value

115% of study value 90% of study value

16.5 17.5 18.5 19.5 20.5

Product Transport Loss Factors

Total Products Transported Domestically

Product Vessel Transport Distance

Product Vessel Energy Intensity

Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Diesel Fuel Consumed 

in the U.S. in 2005

Baseline

Value

75% of study value 140% of study value

80% of study value

10.9 Btu / bblmile

7.4 Btu / bblmile

50% of study value 200% of study value

13.5 14.5 15.5 16.5 17.5

Product Transport Loss Factors

Total Products Transported Domestically

Product Vessel Transport Distance

Product Vessel Energy Intensity

Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2E per MMBtu LHV of Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel Consumed 

in the U.S. in 2005

Baseline

Value

75% of study value 140% of study value

80% of study value

10.9 Btu / bblmile

7.4 Btu / bblmile

50% of study value 200% of study value

18 19 20 21 22

Product Transport Loss 

Factors

Total Products Transported 

Domestically

Product Vessel Transport 

Distance

Product Vessel Energy 

Intensity

Well-to-Tank GHG Emissions in kg CO2E per MMBtu LHV of Conventional Gasoline Consumed 

in the U.S. in 2005

75% of study value 140% of study value

80% of study value

10.9 Btu / bblmile

7.4 Btu / bblmile

50% of study value 200% of study value

Baseline

Value

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

SA Charts

2008

142
Return to Contents Worksheet

LC #1 LC #2 LC #3 LC #4 LC #5 WTW WTT LC #1 LC #2 LC #3 LC #4 LC #5 WTW WTT

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.28 19.63 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.878 76.65 95.04 18.39 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.849 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Baseline

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.28 19.63 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.878 76.65 95.04 18.39 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.849 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Dummy

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.28 19.63 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.04 18.39 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

U.S. Adjustment

Gasoline 7.65 1.43 9.80 1.09 76.65 96.62 19.98 7.88 1.54 9.80 0.96 76.65 96.83 20.18

Diesel 6.94 1.32 9.57 0.88 76.65 95.36 18.71 6.97 1.36 9.57 0.85 76.65 95.40 18.75

Jet Fuel 7.09 1.35 6.05 1.00 77.74 93.22 15.49 7.35 1.43 6.05 0.89 77.74 93.45 15.71

Flaring Reduction

Gasoline 6.68 1.44 9.74 1.09 76.65 95.60 18.95 6.83 1.54 9.74 0.96 76.65 95.72 19.07

Diesel 6.03 1.32 9.51 0.88 76.65 94.40 17.74 6.04 1.36 9.51 0.85 76.65 94.42 17.76

Jet Fuel 6.16 1.35 6.01 1.00 77.74 92.25 14.52 6.37 1.43 6.01 0.89 77.74 92.44 14.70

FA, US

Gasoline 7.04 1.44 9.76 1.09 76.65 95.98 19.33 7.21 1.54 9.76 0.96 76.65 96.12 19.47

Diesel 6.37 1.32 9.53 0.88 76.65 94.75 18.10 6.38 1.36 9.53 0.85 76.65 94.77 18.12

Jet Fuel 6.49 1.35 6.02 1.00 77.74 92.60 14.86 6.72 1.43 6.02 0.89 77.74 92.80 15.07

FA, .75 of Angola

Gasoline 7.49 1.44 9.79 1.09 76.65 96.46 19.81 7.73 1.54 9.79 0.96 76.65 96.66 20.02

Diesel 6.80 1.32 9.56 0.88 76.65 95.21 18.56 6.83 1.36 9.56 0.85 76.65 95.25 18.60

Jet Fuel 6.92 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 93.04 15.31 7.20 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.30 15.56

FA, Sweden

Gasoline 7.30 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.25 19.61 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81

Diesel 6.63 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.03 18.37 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.72 1.34 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.83 15.09 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

FA, China

Gasoline 7.35 1.45 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.32 19.67 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81

Diesel 6.65 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.06 18.40 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.82 1.36 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.95 15.22 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Canadian Oil Sands, 75%

Gasoline 7.15 1.44 9.77 1.09 76.65 96.09 19.45 7.36 1.54 9.77 0.96 76.65 96.27 19.63

Diesel 6.47 1.32 9.54 0.88 76.65 94.86 18.21 6.51 1.36 9.54 0.85 76.65 94.91 18.26

Jet Fuel 6.61 1.35 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.72 14.98 6.86 1.43 6.03 0.89 77.74 92.95 15.21

Canadian Oil Sands, 125%

Gasoline 7.49 1.44 9.79 1.09 76.65 96.46 19.82 7.71 1.54 9.79 0.96 76.65 96.65 20.00

Diesel 6.80 1.32 9.56 0.88 76.65 95.21 18.56 6.82 1.36 9.56 0.85 76.65 95.24 18.59

Jet Fuel 6.91 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 93.03 15.30 7.19 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.28 15.55

Venezuelan, 25% Oil Sands

Gasoline 7.71 1.43 9.80 1.09 76.65 96.69 20.04 7.89 1.54 9.80 0.96 76.65 96.84 20.19

Diesel 6.98 1.32 9.57 0.88 76.65 95.40 18.75 6.98 1.36 9.57 0.85 76.65 95.41 18.76

Jet Fuel 7.17 1.35 6.05 1.00 77.74 93.30 15.56 7.35 1.43 6.05 0.89 77.74 93.46 15.72

Crude Oil Carrier Intensity, 4.25

Gasoline 7.32 1.31 9.77 1.09 76.65 96.15 19.50 7.53 1.40 9.77 0.96 76.65 96.31 19.66

Diesel 6.64 1.20 9.54 0.88 76.65 94.91 18.26 6.66 1.24 9.54 0.85 76.65 94.94 18.29

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.22 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.75 15.01 7.02 1.30 6.03 0.89 77.74 92.98 15.24

Crude Oil Carrier Intensity, 7.25

Gasoline 7.31 1.62 9.79 1.09 76.65 96.47 19.82 7.53 1.73 9.79 0.96 76.65 96.67 20.02

Diesel 6.64 1.49 9.56 0.88 76.65 95.22 18.57 6.66 1.53 9.56 0.85 76.65 95.26 18.61

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.52 6.04 1.00 77.74 93.06 15.32 7.02 1.62 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.30 15.57

Crude Oil Distances 90%

Gasoline 7.32 1.38 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.22 19.57 7.53 1.48 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.39 19.75

Diesel 6.64 1.27 9.55 0.88 76.65 94.98 18.33 6.66 1.31 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.02 18.36

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.29 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.82 15.08 7.02 1.38 6.03 0.89 77.74 93.06 15.32

Crude Oil Distances 115%

Gasoline 7.32 1.53 9.79 1.09 76.65 96.37 19.72 7.53 1.63 9.79 0.96 76.65 96.56 19.91

Diesel 6.64 1.40 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.12 18.47 6.66 1.44 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.16 18.51

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.43 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.96 15.22 7.02 1.52 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.20 15.47

Crude Oil Pipeline, 50 mi, 80%

Gasoline 7.33 1.27 9.77 1.09 76.65 96.11 19.46 7.53 1.36 9.77 0.96 76.65 96.27 19.63

Diesel 6.64 1.17 9.54 0.88 76.65 94.88 18.23 6.66 1.20 9.54 0.85 76.65 94.91 18.26

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.19 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.72 14.98 7.02 1.27 6.03 0.89 77.74 92.95 15.21

Crude Oil Pipeline, 200 mi, 120%

Gasoline 7.31 1.69 9.80 1.09 76.65 96.54 19.89 7.53 1.80 9.80 0.96 76.65 96.74 20.09

Diesel 6.64 1.55 9.56 0.88 76.65 95.28 18.63 6.66 1.59 9.56 0.85 76.65 95.32 18.67

Jet Fuel 6.75 1.59 6.05 1.00 77.74 93.12 15.39 7.02 1.68 6.05 0.89 77.74 93.37 15.63

Crude Oil Losses 50%

Gasoline 7.31 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.27 19.62 7.52 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.45 19.80

Diesel 6.63 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.03 18.37 6.65 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.06 18.41

Jet Fuel 6.75 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.87 15.13 7.01 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.10 15.37

Crude Oil Losses 200%

Gasoline 7.34 1.44 9.78 1.09 76.65 96.30 19.66 7.56 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.49 19.84

Diesel 6.66 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.06 18.41 6.68 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.10 18.45

Jet Fuel 6.78 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.90 15.16 7.04 1.44 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.14 15.40

Still Gas Emissions Factors, LPG

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.69 1.09 76.65 96.18 19.53 7.53 1.54 9.68 0.96 76.65 96.36 19.71

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.46 0.88 76.65 94.95 18.30 6.66 1.36 9.46 0.85 76.65 94.98 18.33

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.98 1.00 77.74 92.82 15.08 7.02 1.43 5.98 0.89 77.74 93.06 15.32

Still Gas Emissions Factors, Pentanes Plus

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.92 1.09 76.65 96.42 19.77 7.54 1.54 9.92 0.96 76.65 96.60 19.95

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.68 0.88 76.65 95.17 18.51 6.66 1.36 9.68 0.85 76.65 95.20 18.55

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.12 1.00 77.74 92.96 15.22 7.02 1.43 6.12 0.89 77.74 93.20 15.46

Electricity Profile, 90%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.68 1.09 76.65 96.18 19.53 7.53 1.54 9.68 0.96 76.65 96.36 19.71

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.46 0.88 76.65 94.95 18.29 6.66 1.36 9.46 0.85 76.65 94.98 18.33

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.98 1.00 77.74 92.82 15.08 7.02 1.43 5.98 0.89 77.74 93.06 15.32

Electricity Profile, 115%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.93 1.09 76.65 96.43 19.78 7.54 1.54 9.93 0.96 76.65 96.61 19.96

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.69 0.88 76.65 95.18 18.52 6.66 1.36 9.69 0.85 76.65 95.21 18.56

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.12 1.00 77.74 92.97 15.23 7.02 1.43 6.12 0.89 77.74 93.20 15.47

Hydrogen Plant Fuel Usage, 325

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.82 1.09 76.65 96.31 19.67 7.53 1.54 9.81 0.96 76.65 96.49 19.85

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.31 0.88 76.65 94.80 18.14 6.66 1.36 9.31 0.85 76.65 94.83 18.18

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.89 1.00 77.74 92.73 14.99 7.02 1.43 5.89 0.89 77.74 92.97 15.23

Hydrogen Plant Fuel Usage, 375

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.84 1.09 76.65 96.34 19.69 7.53 1.54 9.84 0.96 76.65 96.52 19.87

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.64 0.88 76.65 95.13 18.48 6.66 1.36 9.64 0.85 76.65 95.16 18.51

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.09 1.00 77.74 92.93 15.20 7.02 1.43 6.09 0.89 77.74 93.17 15.43

Off-Site H2 Production, 80%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.73 1.09 76.65 96.22 19.58 7.53 1.54 9.73 0.96 76.65 96.40 19.76

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.45 0.88 76.65 94.94 18.29 6.66 1.36 9.45 0.85 76.65 94.98 18.33

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.99 1.00 77.74 92.83 15.09 7.02 1.43 5.99 0.89 77.74 93.06 15.33

Off-Site H2 Production, 125% (0.3%) 0.3% Catalytic Reformer Assigned to Reformate

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.86 1.09 76.65 96.35 19.71 7.53 1.54 9.85 0.96 76.65 96.53 19.89

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.66 0.88 76.65 95.15 18.50 6.66 1.36 9.66 0.85 76.65 95.19 18.54

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.10 1.00 77.74 92.94 15.20 7.02 1.43 6.10 0.89 77.74 93.18 15.44

Capacity Utilization Hydrogen Plant, 80%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.75 1.09 76.65 96.25 19.60 7.53 1.54 9.75 0.96 76.65 96.43 19.78

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.49 0.88 76.65 94.98 18.32 6.66 1.36 9.49 0.85 76.65 95.01 18.36

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.00 1.00 77.74 92.84 15.11 7.02 1.43 6.00 0.89 77.74 93.08 15.35

Capacity Utilization Hydrogen Plant, 90%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.81 1.09 76.65 96.31 19.66 7.53 1.54 9.81 0.96 76.65 96.49 19.85

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.61 0.88 76.65 95.10 18.45 6.66 1.36 9.61 0.85 76.65 95.13 18.48

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.07 1.00 77.74 92.91 15.17 7.02 1.43 6.07 0.89 77.74 93.15 15.41

Venting, 25%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.77 1.09 76.65 96.27 19.62 7.53 1.54 9.77 0.96 76.65 96.45 19.80

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.54 0.88 76.65 95.03 18.38 6.66 1.36 9.54 0.85 76.65 95.06 18.41

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.87 15.13 7.02 1.43 6.03 0.89 77.74 93.11 15.37

Flaring, 300%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.92 1.09 76.65 96.42 19.77 7.54 1.54 9.92 0.96 76.65 96.60 19.95

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.68 0.88 76.65 95.17 18.52 6.66 1.36 9.68 0.85 76.65 95.20 18.55

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.12 1.00 77.74 92.96 15.22 7.02 1.43 6.12 0.89 77.74 93.20 15.46

H2 Production Cat Reformer 800 21% Catalytic Reformer Assigned to Reformate

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 10.16 1.09 76.65 96.65 20.01 7.53 1.54 10.15 0.96 76.65 96.83 20.19

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.08 0.88 76.65 94.56 17.91 6.66 1.36 9.08 0.85 76.65 94.60 17.95

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.77 1.00 77.74 92.61 14.87 7.02 1.43 5.77 0.89 77.74 92.85 15.11

H2 Production Cat Reformer 1200

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.77 1.09 76.65 96.27 19.62 7.53 1.54 9.77 0.96 76.65 96.45 19.80

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.56 0.88 76.65 95.05 18.40 6.66 1.36 9.56 0.85 76.65 95.09 18.44

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.02 1.00 77.74 92.86 15.13 7.02 1.43 6.02 0.89 77.74 93.10 15.36

Hydrocracker H2 Consumption, 80%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.76 1.09 76.65 96.26 19.61 7.53 1.54 9.76 0.96 76.65 96.44 19.79

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.58 0.88 76.65 95.07 18.42 6.66 1.36 9.58 0.85 76.65 95.10 18.45

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.00 1.00 77.74 92.84 15.11 7.02 1.43 6.00 0.89 77.74 93.08 15.35

Hydrocracker H2 Consumption, 150%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.84 1.09 76.65 96.34 19.69 7.53 1.54 9.84 0.96 76.65 96.52 19.87

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.47 0.88 76.65 94.95 18.30 6.66 1.36 9.47 0.85 76.65 94.99 18.34

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.11 1.00 77.74 92.95 15.22 7.02 1.43 6.11 0.89 77.74 93.19 15.45

Capacity Utilization Hydrotreating, 85%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.76 1.09 76.65 96.25 19.60 7.53 1.54 9.75 0.96 76.65 96.43 19.79

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.67 0.88 76.65 95.15 18.50 6.66 1.36 9.67 0.85 76.65 95.19 18.54

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.87 15.13 7.02 1.43 6.03 0.89 77.74 93.10 15.37

Capacity Utilization Vacuum Distillation, 80%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.82 1.09 76.65 96.32 19.67 7.54 1.54 9.82 0.96 76.65 96.50 19.85

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.45 0.88 76.65 94.94 18.29 6.66 1.36 9.45 0.85 76.65 94.97 18.32

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.87 15.13 7.02 1.43 6.03 0.89 77.74 93.11 15.37

Capacity Utilization Vacuum Distillation, 90%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.74 1.09 76.65 96.24 19.59 7.53 1.54 9.74 0.96 76.65 96.42 19.77

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.65 0.88 76.65 95.14 18.48 6.66 1.36 9.65 0.85 76.65 95.17 18.52

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.05 1.00 77.74 92.89 15.15 7.02 1.43 6.05 0.89 77.74 93.13 15.39

Energy Consumption Vacuum Distillation, 115

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.77 1.09 76.65 96.27 19.62 7.54 1.54 9.77 0.96 76.65 96.45 19.80

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.51 0.88 76.65 95.00 18.35 6.66 1.36 9.51 0.85 76.65 95.04 18.39

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.93 1.00 77.74 92.77 15.04 7.02 1.43 5.93 0.89 77.74 93.01 15.28

Energy Consumption Vacuum Distillation, 50

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.80 1.09 76.65 96.29 19.65 7.53 1.54 9.80 0.96 76.65 96.47 19.83

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.61 0.88 76.65 95.10 18.45 6.66 1.36 9.61 0.85 76.65 95.14 18.48

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.21 1.00 77.74 93.05 15.31 7.02 1.43 6.21 0.89 77.74 93.29 15.55

Energy Consumption Delayed Coking, 115

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.84 1.09 76.65 96.34 19.69 7.54 1.54 9.84 0.96 76.65 96.52 19.88

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.48 0.88 76.65 94.97 18.31 6.66 1.36 9.48 0.85 76.65 95.00 18.35

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.15 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Energy Consumption Delayed Coking, 175

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.73 1.09 76.65 96.22 19.58 7.53 1.54 9.73 0.96 76.65 96.41 19.76

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.61 0.88 76.65 95.10 18.45 6.66 1.36 9.61 0.85 76.65 95.14 18.49

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.03 1.00 77.74 92.87 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.03 0.89 77.74 93.11 15.37

Energy Consumption Catalytic Reformer, 223

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.80 1.09 76.65 96.30 19.65 7.54 1.54 9.80 0.96 76.65 96.48 19.83

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.48 0.88 76.65 94.97 18.32 6.66 1.36 9.48 0.85 76.65 95.01 18.35

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.00 1.00 77.74 92.84 15.10 7.02 1.43 6.00 0.89 77.74 93.08 15.34

Energy Consumption Catalytic Reformer, 283 (8%) 8% Catalytic Reformer Assigned to Reformate

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.91 1.09 76.65 96.40 19.76 7.53 1.54 9.91 0.96 76.65 96.58 19.94

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.43 0.88 76.65 94.92 18.27 6.66 1.36 9.43 0.85 76.65 94.96 18.30

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.96 1.00 77.74 92.80 15.06 7.02 1.43 5.96 0.89 77.74 93.04 15.30

Energy Consumption Hydrocracking/Hydrotreating

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.75 1.09 76.65 96.25 19.60 7.53 1.54 9.75 0.96 76.65 96.43 19.78

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.66 0.88 76.65 95.14 18.49 6.66 1.36 9.66 0.85 76.65 95.18 18.53

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.83 1.00 77.74 92.67 14.93 7.02 1.43 5.83 0.89 77.74 92.91 15.17

Catalytic Hydrocracking % to Gasoline -4%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.54 1.09 76.65 96.03 19.39 7.53 1.54 9.54 0.96 76.65 96.22 19.57

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.92 0.88 76.65 95.41 18.76 6.66 1.36 9.92 0.85 76.65 95.45 18.80

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.17 1.00 77.74 93.01 15.28 7.02 1.43 6.17 0.89 77.74 93.25 15.52

Catalytic Hydrocracking % to Gasoline +4%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 10.03 1.09 76.65 96.52 19.87 7.53 1.54 10.02 0.96 76.65 96.70 20.06

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.18 0.88 76.65 94.66 18.01 6.66 1.36 9.18 0.85 76.65 94.70 18.05

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.90 1.00 77.74 92.74 15.00 7.02 1.43 5.90 0.89 77.74 92.98 15.24

Hydrocracker, Gas Oil, -20% to Gasoline

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.60 1.09 76.65 96.10 19.45 7.53 1.54 9.60 0.96 76.65 96.28 19.63

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.87 0.88 76.65 95.36 18.70 6.66 1.36 9.87 0.85 76.65 95.39 18.74

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Hydrocracker, Gas Oil, +20% to Gasoline

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.96 1.09 76.65 96.46 19.81 7.53 1.54 9.96 0.96 76.65 96.64 19.99

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.23 0.88 76.65 94.72 18.07 6.66 1.36 9.23 0.85 76.65 94.76 18.10

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Refining Profile for Imported Products, 65%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.35 1.09 76.65 95.84 19.20 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.38 0.88 76.65 94.87 18.21 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 5.80 1.00 77.74 92.64 14.90 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Refining Profile for Imported Products, 130%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 10.16 1.09 76.65 96.65 20.00 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.70 0.88 76.65 95.19 18.53 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.24 1.00 77.74 93.08 15.34 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Product Vessel Energy Intensity 7.4

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.06 76.65 96.24 19.60 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.87 76.65 95.03 18.38 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 0.97 77.74 92.85 15.11 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Product Vessel Energy Intensity 10.9

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.10 76.65 96.29 19.64 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.04 18.39 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.01 77.74 92.89 15.15 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Waterborne Distances, 75%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.06 76.65 96.25 19.60 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.87 76.65 95.03 18.38 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 0.97 77.74 92.85 15.11 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Waterborne Distances, 140%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.14 76.65 96.33 19.68 7.53 1.54 9.78 0.96 76.65 96.46 19.81

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.89 76.65 95.05 18.40 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.04 77.74 92.92 15.18 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Total Products Transported Domestically, 80%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 9.78 1.33 76.65 96.52 19.87 7.53 1.54 9.78 1.20 76.65 96.70 20.06

Diesel 6.64 1.33 9.55 1.09 76.65 95.25 18.60 6.66 1.37 9.55 1.06 76.65 95.29 18.64

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.22 77.74 93.10 15.37 7.02 1.44 6.04 1.11 77.74 93.34 15.61

Product Loss Factors, 50%

Gasoline 7.31 1.44 9.76 1.09 76.65 96.24 19.59 7.52 1.53 9.76 0.96 76.65 96.42 19.78

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.04 18.39 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

Product Loss Factors, 200%

Gasoline 7.35 1.44 9.82 1.09 76.65 96.35 19.71 7.56 1.54 9.82 0.96 76.65 96.53 19.89

Diesel 6.64 1.32 9.55 0.88 76.65 95.04 18.39 6.66 1.36 9.55 0.85 76.65 95.07 18.42

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 6.04 1.00 77.74 92.88 15.14 7.02 1.43 6.04 0.89 77.74 93.12 15.38

H2 Catalytic Reformer 0%

Gasoline 7.32 1.44 11.51 1.09 76.65 98.00 21.36 7.53 1.54 11.51 0.96 76.65 98.19 21.54

Diesel 6.64 1.32 7.38 0.88 76.65 92.86 16.21 6.66 1.36 7.38 0.85 76.65 92.90 16.25

Jet Fuel 6.76 1.35 4.69 1.00 77.74 91.53 13.80 7.02 1.43 4.69 0.89 77.74 91.77 14.03

100% Catalytic Reformer to Hydrogen (Study Value) 100% Catalytic Reformer Energy to Reformate

Conventional Gasoline 9.78 11.51

Conventional Diesel 9.55 7.38

Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel 6.04 4.69

U.S. Consumption U.S. Production

This is the raw data from the sensitivity analysis. The values are now hard-coded in. 468

10

12

14

GHG Emissions

2E/MMBtu LHV fuel consumed)

Conventional Gasoline Conventional Diesel Kerosene-Based Jet Fuel

EPA-HQ-OAR-2005-0161-DRAFT-3256.xls

SA Raw Data

2008

143