STATE OF WEST VIRGINIA 

SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS 

FILED 

PINNACLE MINING COMPANY, LLC, December 6, 2016 

RORY L. PERRY II, CLERK Employer Below, Petitioner SUPREME COURT OF APPEALS 

OF WEST VIRGINIA 

vs.) No. 15-1152 (BOR Appeal No. 2050588) 

(Claim No. 2014003953) 

EDWARD R. ELLIS JR., 

Claimant Below, Respondent 

MEMORANDUM DECISION 

Petitioner Pinnacle Mining Company, LLC, by H. Dill Battle III, its attorney, appeals the 

decision of the West Virginia Workers’ Compensation Board of Review. Edward R. Ellis Jr., by 

Karen S. Hatfield, his attorney, filed a timely response. 

This appeal arises from the Board of Review’s Final Order dated October 26, 2015, in 

which the Board affirmed the May 29, 2015, Order of the Workers’ Compensation Office of 

Judges. In its Order, the Office of Judges reversed the claims administrator’s May 29, 2014, 

denial of a request to add post-traumatic stress disorder as a compensable claim and in a separate 

Order denied a referral to WVU Behavioral Medicine. The Court has carefully reviewed the 

records, written arguments, and appendices contained in the briefs, and the case is mature for 

consideration. 

This Court has considered the parties’ briefs and the record on appeal. The facts and legal 

arguments are adequately presented, and the decisional process would not be significantly aided 

by oral argument. Upon consideration of the standard of review, the briefs, and the record 

presented, the Court finds no substantial question of law and no prejudicial error. For these 

reasons, a memorandum decision is appropriate under Rule 21 of the Rules of Appellate 

Procedure. 

Mr. Ellis, a miner, was injured on August 3, 2013, when he struck his head on the mine 

roof while riding in a mantrip. He sustained a severe head injury which caused him to lose 

consciousness. He was taken from the mine to the hospital by ambulance. As a result of the 

injury, he was hospitalized until January 26, 2014. When Mr. Ellis was released from the 

hospital, he remained in Charleston in order to attend extensive daily outpatient physical therapy. 

He returned home on April 19, 2014. The injury resulted in, among other diagnoses, paraparesis 

of varying degrees. Mohammed Ranavaya, M.D., diagnosed Mr. Ellis with central cord 

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syndrome, which is an acute cervical spinal cord injury that occurs most commonly in 

individuals with pre-existing degenerative disease of the cervical spine. In his May 26, 2014, 

report, Dr. Ranavaya opined that Mr. Ellis had made a tremendous recovery. Mr. Ellis was able 

to walk with the assistance of a walker, but still required assistance with some activities of daily 

living. 

The compensability of the physical aspect of the injury Mr. Ellis sustained is not at issue. 

The compensability of the psychological aspect of the injury is. The claims administrator denied 

a request to add post-traumatic stress disorder as a compensable condition on May 29, 2014. In a 

separate Order, the claims administrator denied a referral to West Virginia University Behavioral 

Medicine. Bobby Miller, M.D., evaluated Mr. Ellis on May 6, 2014. He diagnosed pre-existing 

post-traumatic stress disorder. He noted Mr. Ellis had a long history of treatment for anxiety. Dr. 

Miller noted treatment records showed Mr. Ellis had been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress 

disorder due to his survival of the Aracoma mine fire. In Dr. Miller’s opinion, the work injury 

exacerbated the symptoms but did not create a new, original, or unique diagnosis. 

Mark N. Casdorph, D.O., evaluated Mr. Ellis on October 30, 2014. He noted Mr. Ellis 

had been placed on Cymbalta by Charles Hill, PA-C, one year prior to the injury due to anxiety 

attacks and depression. Dr. Ken Wright, the rehabilitation specialist working with the Mr. Ellis 

after the accident, had been prescribing Cymbalta, Klonopin, and Trazodone. Mr. Ellis 

acknowledged that he had been treated by Mr. Hill for anxiety, nervousness, and claustrophobia 

following a 2006 mine fire. At that time, Mr. Ellis was prescribed Lexapro and Valium. Dr. 

Casdorph noted Mr. Ellis had never been treated by a psychiatrist. 

Dr. Casdorph diagnosed post-traumatic stress disorder. He opined that the condition was 

a result of the compensable injury because Mr. Ellis had a life threatening injury; experienced 

recurrent involuntary memories of the event; avoided social situations that trigger fear of 

enclosure; and had increased irritability. In his opinion, Mr. Ellis was pre-disposed to developing 

post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, as he had been treated for some of the symptoms prior 

to the accident. However, the majority of his treatment was for anxiety. All of his symptoms 

were stable prior to the injury. Dr. Casdorph believed Mr. Ellis would benefit from psychiatric 

treatment with pharmacologic intervention and counseling. 

In its May 29, 2015, Order, the Office of Judges determined that both Dr. Miller and Dr. 

Casdorph diagnosed post-traumatic stress disorder. The Office of Judges noted Mr. Ellis’s 

previous diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder was in relation to his employment, and 

therefore the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder should be added to this claim as well. 

The Office of Judges also found the referral to West Virginia University Behavioral Medicine to 

be reasonably required for treatment of the post-traumatic stress disorder. 

The Board of Review agreed with the findings of facts and conclusions of law of in 

affirming the Office of Judges in its October 26, 2015, decision. We do not agree with the 

reasoning of the Office of Judges. However, we do agree with the conclusions of the Office of 

Judges as affirmed by the Board of Review. The diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder 

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should not be added to this claim merely because Mr. Ellis’s previous post-traumatic stress 

disorder diagnosis was work-related. The diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder should be 

added to this claim because the medical evidence shows Mr. Ellis was diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder as result of the August 3, 2013, injury. Drs. Miller and Casdorph agree 

that Mr. Ellis has post-traumatic stress disorder. They both agree Mr. Ellis was treated for 

anxiety prior to the accident. The medical evidence does not support a finding that Mr. Ellis was 

diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder prior to the August 3, 2013, injury. The medical 

records of Mr. Hill document treatment for anxiety. There is no mention of post-traumatic stress 

disorder. Therefore, the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder is due to the August 3, 2013, 

injury and should be added as a compensable diagnosis. Treatment for the condition, including a 

referral to West Virginia University Behavioral Health, should be authorized. 

For the foregoing reasons, we find that the decision of the Board of Review is not in clear 

violation of any constitutional or statutory provision, nor is it clearly the result of erroneous 

conclusions of law, nor is it based upon a material misstatement or mischaracterization of the 

evidentiary record. Therefore, the decision of the Board of Review is affirmed. 

Affirmed. 

ISSUED: December 6, 2016 

CONCURRED IN BY: 

Chief Justice Menis E. Ketchum 

Justice Robin J. Davis 

Justice Brent D. Benjamin 

Justice Margaret L. Workman 

Justice Allen H. Loughry II 

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