FINAL

Preliminary Assessment Report

Jackson Army Aviation Support 

Facility #1

Jackson, Mississippi

Perfluorooctanesulfonic Acid (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic Acid 

(PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

September 2020

Prepared for:

Army National Guard Bureau

111 S. George Mason Drive

Arlington, VA 22204

UNCLASSIFIED
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1

Jackson, Mississippi

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Table of Contents

Executive Summary .................................................................................................................... 1

1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 4

1.1 Authority and Purpose .............................................................................................. 4

1.2 Preliminary Assessment Methods ............................................................................. 4

1.3 Report Organization .................................................................................................. 5

1.4 Facility Location and Description............................................................................... 5

1.5 Facility Environmental Setting ................................................................................... 6

1.5.1 Geology ......................................................................................................... 6

1.5.2 Hydrogeology ................................................................................................. 6

1.5.3 Hydrology ....................................................................................................... 6

1.5.4 Climate ........................................................................................................... 7

1.5.5 Current and Future Land Use ......................................................................... 7

2. Fire Training Areas ........................................................................................................... 11

3. Non-Fire Training Areas ................................................................................................... 12

3.1 Release Area A – Flight Line ................................................................................... 12

4. Emergency Response Areas ............................................................................................ 14

5. Adjacent Sources ............................................................................................................. 15

5.1 Hawkins Field Airport .............................................................................................. 15

6. Preliminary Conceptual Site Model .................................................................................. 17

6.1 AOI 1 – Release Area A .......................................................................................... 17

7. Conclusions ..................................................................................................................... 20

7.1 Findings .................................................................................................................. 20

7.2 Uncertainty ............................................................................................................. 20

7.3 Potential Future Actions .......................................................................................... 21

8. References ...................................................................................................................... 23
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Figures

Figure ES-1 Summary of Findings

Figure ES-2 Preliminary Conceptual Site Model, Jackson AASF #1

Figure 1-1 Facility Location

Figure 1-2 Groundwater Features

Figure 1-3 Surface Water Features

Figure 3-1 Non-Fire Training Areas

Figure 5-1 Adjacent Sources

Figure 6-1 Areas of Interest

Figure 6-2 Preliminary Conceptual Site Model, AOI 1 Flight Line

Figure 7-1 Summary of Findings

Tables

Table ES-1 AOIs at Jackson AASF #1

Table 6-1 Exposure Pathways at AOI 1

Table 7-1 AOIs at Jackson AASF #1

Table 7-2 Summary of Uncertanties

Table 7-3 PA Findings Summary

Appendices

Appendix A Data Resources

Appendix B Preliminary Assessment Documentation

B.1 Interview Records

B.2 Visual Site Inspection Checklists

B.3 Conceptual Site Model Information

Appendix C Photographic Log
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Jackson, Mississippi

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Acronyms and Abbreviations

°F degrees Fahrenheit

AASF Army Aviation Support Facility

AECOM AECOM Technical Services, Inc.

AFFF aqueous film forming foam

AOI area of interest

ARNG Army National Guard

bgs below ground surface

CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability

Act

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CSM conceptual site model

EDRTM Environmental Data Resources, Inc.TM

FTA fire training area

HA Health Advisory

NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

PA Preliminary Assessment

PFAS per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances

PFOA perfluorooctanoic acid

PFOS perfluorooctanesulfonic acid

SI Site Inspection

UCMR3 Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule

US United States

USACE United States Army Corps of Engineers

USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency

VSI visual site inspection
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Jackson, Mississippi

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Executive Summary

The Army National Guard (ARNG) is performing Preliminary Assessments (PAs) and Site

Inspections (SIs) for Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)

Impacted Sites at ARNG Facilities Nationwide. A PA for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances

(PFAS)-containing materials was completed for Jackson Army Aviation Support Facility (AASF)

#1 (also referred to as the “facility”), in Jackson, Mississippi to assess potential PFAS release

areas originating from the site and exposure pathways to receptors. AASF #1 was leased by the

Military Department, State of Mississippi from the City of Jackson, Mississippi on 8 March 1972,

and it occupies a 30.40-acre tract of land within the Hawkins Field Airport. Prior to leasing, the

field was used by the Air Force for training during World War II. The scope of this PA included the

following tasks:

· Reviewed available administrative record documents and Environmental Data Resources,

Inc. (EDR)TM report packages to obtain information relevant to potential PFAS releases, such

as: drinking water well locations, historical aerial photographs, Sanborn maps, and

environmental compliance actions in the area surrounding the facility;

· Conducted a 1-day site visit on 7 March 2019 to complete visual site inspections at locations

where PFAS-containing materials were suspected of being stored, used, or disposed;

· Interviewed current and former Jackson AASF #1 personnel during in-person interviews

conducted on 7 March 2019, including the current Safety Officer and Environmental

Compliance Officer;

· Identified an Area of Interest (AOI) and developed a preliminary conceptual site model (CSM)

to summarize potential source-pathway-receptor linkages of potential PFAS in soil,

groundwater, surface water, and sediment.

One AOI related to potential PFAS use, release, or storage was identified at the Jackson AASF

#1 during the PA. The AOI is shown on Figure ES-1 and described in Table ES-1 below:

Table ES-1: AOIs at Jackson AASF #1

Area of Interest Name Used by Potential Release Date

AOI 1 Flight Line MSARNG 2008 to 2017

Based on potential PFAS releases at this AOI, there is potential for exposure to PFAS

contamination in media at or near the facility. The preliminary CSM for Jackson AASF #1, which

presents potential receptors and media impacted, is shown on Figure ES-2. Based on the US

Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule 3

(UCMR3) data, it was indicated that no PFAS were detected in a public water system above the

USEPA Health Advisory (HA) level within 20 miles of the facility. The HA is 70 parts per trillion for

PFOS and PFOA, individually or combined. PFAS analyses performed in 2016 had method

detection limits that were higher than currently achievable. Thus, it is possible that low

concentrations of PFAS were not detected during the UCMR3 but might be detected if analyzed

today.
AOI 1

Hawkins Field Airport

Release Area A

Town Creek

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Potential PFAS Release

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Media

SOURCE PATHWAY RECEPTOR

AOI 1

AFFF Potentially

Discharged

During Incidental

Spills

PFAS in

Surface Soil

Airborne Soil

Particulate

Surface Soil

at AOIs

Surface

Water/

Sediment

Shallow

Groundwater

Subsurface

Soil

Source Release

Mechanism Media Transportand Migration Media ExposureRoutes

Inhalation of

Dust

Ingestion

Ingestion

Human Receptors:

Current/ Future

Flow-Chart Continues

Partial / Possible Flow

Flow-Chart Stops

Incomplete Pathway

Potentially Complete Pathway

Complete Pathway

Site

Worker

Construction

Worker

Off-Facility

Resident

Trespasser/

Recreational User

Site

Worker

Construction

Worker Resident Trespasser/

Recreational User

LEGEND

Figure ES-2

Preliminary Conceptual Site Model

Jackson AASF #1, MS

Potential

Off-Facility

Source Not

under

Control of

ARNG

/ /

/ / /

/

Ingestion

/ / / /

Notes:

1. The resident and recreational user

receptors refer to an off-site resident and

recreational user.

2. Dermal contact exposure pathway is

incomplete for PFAS.

/

/ / / /

Leaching/

Infiltration

Precipitation/

Run-Off

Human

Activities

Ingestion / / /

/

/

3
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1. Introduction

1.1 Authority and Purpose

The Army National Guard (ARNG) G9 is the lead agency in performing Preliminary Assessments

(PAs) and Site Inspections (SIs) for Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and Perfluorooctanoic

acid (PFOA) at Impacted Sites at ARNG Facilities Nationwide. This work is supported by the

United States (US) Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Baltimore District and their contractor

AECOM Technical Services, Inc. (AECOM) under Contract Number W912DR-12-D-0014, Task

Order W912DR17F0192, issued 11 August 2017.

The ARNG is assessing potential effects on human health related to processes at their facilities

that used per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) (a suite of related chemicals), primarily

releases of aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) although other sources of PFAS are possible. In

addition, the ARNG is assessing businesses or operations adjacent to the ARNG facility (not

under the control of ARNG) that could potentially be responsible for a PFAS release.

PFAS are classified as emerging environmental contaminants that are garnering increasing

regulatory interest due to their potential risks to human health and the environment. PFAS

formulations contain highly diverse mixtures of compounds. Thus, the fate of these PFAS

compounds in the environment varies. The regulatory framework at both federal and state levels

continues to evolve. The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) issued a lifetime Drinking

Water Health Advisory (HA) for PFOA and PFOS in May 2016 (70 parts per trillion combined

concentration), but there are currently no promulgated national standards regulating PFAS in

drinking water.

This report presents findings of a PA for PFAS-containing materials at the Jackson Army Aviation

Support Facility (AASF) #1 (also referred to as the “facility”) in Jackson, Mississippi, in accordance

with the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA),

as amended, the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollution Contingency Plan (40 Code

of Federal Regulations [CFR] Part 300), and Army requirements and guidance.

This PA Report documents potential locations where PFAS may have been released into the

environment at or adjacent to Jackson AASF #1. The term PFAS will be used throughout this

report to encompass all PFAS being evaluated, including PFOS and PFOA, which are key

components of AFFF.

1.2 Preliminary Assessment Methods

The performance of this PA included the following tasks:

· Reviewed available administrative record documents and Environmental Data Resources,

Inc. (EDR)TM report packages to obtain information relevant to potential PFAS releases, such

as: drinking water well locations, historical aerial photographs, Sanborn maps, and

environmental compliance actions in the area surrounding the facility;

· Conducted a 1-day site visit on 7 March 2019 and completed visual site inspections (VSIs)

at locations where PFAS-containing materials were suspected of being stored, used, or

disposed;

· Interviewed current and former Jackson AASF #1 personnel during in-person interviews

conducted on 7 March 2019, including the current Safety Officer and current Environmental

Compliance Officer;
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· Identified an Area of Interest (AOI) and developed a preliminary conceptual site model (CSM)

to summarize potential source-pathway-receptor linkages of potential PFAS in soil,

groundwater, surface water, and sediment.

1.3 Report Organization

This report has been prepared in accordance with the USEPA Guidance for Performing

Preliminary Assessments under CERCLA (USEPA, 1991). The report sections and descriptions

of each are as follows:

· Section 1 – Introduction: identifies the project purpose and authority and describes the

facility location, environmental setting, and methods used to complete the PA.

· Section 2 – Fire Training Areas: describes the fire training areas (FTAs) at the facility

identified during the site visit.

· Section 3 – Non-Fire Training Areas: describes other locations of potential PFAS releases

at the facility identified during the site visit.

· Section 4 – Emergency Response Areas: describes areas of potential PFAS release at the

facility, specifically in response to emergency situations.

· Section 5 – Adjacent Sources: describes sources of potential PFAS release adjacent to the

facility that are not under the control of ARNG.

· Section 6 – Preliminary Conceptual Site Model: describes the pathways of potential PFAS

transport and receptors at the facility.

· Section 7 – Conclusions: summarizes the data findings and presents the conclusions of the

PA.

· Section 8 – References: provides the references used to develop this document.

· Appendix A – Data Resources

· Appendix B – Preliminary Assessment Documentation

· Appendix C – Photographic Log

1.4 Facility Location and Description

Jackson AASF #1 is a 30.40-acre tract of land within Hawkins Field Airport, located at 365 Shop

Street, Jackson, Mississippi 39213. The facility resides in the City of Jackson in Hinds County,

situated in the west central area of Mississippi (Figure 1-1). AASF #1 is bordered by two Hawkins

Field Airport runways, one to the immediate north and east, respectively, industrial properties to

the immediate west and northwest, and Interstate 220, approximately 1.1 miles west. Residential

properties are present along the outer lying areas of the facility, approximately 0.3-miles to the

west and south.

Jackson AASF #1 was leased by the Military Department, State of Mississippi from the City of

Jackson, Mississippi on 8 March 1972, and it occupies a 30.40-acre tract of land within the

Hawkins Field Airport. The facility provides aviation and maintenance support for aircraft and

aviation personnel stationed in the City of Jackson. AASF #1. Prior to leasing, the field was used

by the Air Force for training during World War II (lease documents are provided in Appendix A).
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1.5 Facility Environmental Setting

Jackson AASF #1 is located within the eastern Gulf Coastal Plain of the broader Coastal Plain

physiographic region. The region is characterized as low-lying, with extensive tracts of marshy

lands and rivers. The rich and deep soils, beset by high rugged hills, flat alluvial plains, narrow

valleys, prairies, river lowlands, and pine woods, are naturally well suited for agriculture

(Wallenfeldt, 2019). The ecology of the Coastal Plain Uplands in this section of Mississippi is

characterized by the Jackson Prairie and South Pine Hills ecoregions.

1.5.1 Geology

Physiographically, Hinds County is within the Mississippi Embayment subsection of the Gulf

Coastal Plain, itself a subsection of the Atlantic Coastal Plain. The embayment is separable into

two physiographic areas: the lowlands of the Mississippi Alluvial Plain to the east, and the Coastal

Plain Uplands in which AASF #1 lies. Soils near AASF #1 are of the Loring-Siwell-Byram system

deposited in the Quaternary, described as riverine terrace deposits.

Underlying the soils are the impermeable clays of the Jackson Group, which outcrops as far as

Louisiana, Arkansas, and Tennessee and produces a gently rolling topography. Deposited in the

late Eocene, the Jackson Group is differentiated in Mississippi between the Moodys Branch

Formation and the overlying Yazoo Clay. Normally 20 to 30 feet thick, the Moodys Branch

Formation is a highly fossiliferous, glauconitic, sandy marl, and it unconformably overlies the

Claiborne Group, which houses the region’s main aquifer, the Sparta. Above the Moodys Branch

Formation is the Yazoo Clay, a generally calcareous and fossiliferous, dark grey to blue clay

formation that is further divided, in ascending order, into the North Creek, Cocoa Sand, Pachuta

Marl, and Shubota Members. The Yazoo is typically 350 to 500 feet thick in places where the

entire formation is present. The upper contact of the Shubota and the overlying Forest Hill Sand

is the Eocene-Oligocene boundary (Cushing et al., 1964).

1.5.2 Hydrogeology

Because of the impermeability and thickness of the Jackson Group, the main public water supply

for the City of Jackson draws from the Sparta Aquifer, located within the Mississippi Embayment

Aquifer System to the north (Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality, 2010). The Sparta

Aquifer is large, supplying sections of Mississippi, Arkansas, Alabama, Louisiana, Tennessee, and

small portions of Kentucky and Missouri (McKee & Hays, 2002). To the east of AASF #1, the

Mississippi Alluvial Plain is tapped for groundwater, but near facility, the Quaternary terrace

deposits are not used for water resources. Additionally, groundwater near AASF #1 is several

hundred feet below ground surface (bgs). Groundwater is believed to flow to the southeast,

generally following the hydrology (Figure 1-2). Based on the USEPA Unregulated Contaminant

Monitoring Rule 3 (UCMR3) data, it was indicated that no PFAS were detected in a public water

system above the HA within 20 miles of the facility. PFAS analyses performed in 2016 had method

detection limits that were higher than currently achievable. Thus, it is possible that low

concentrations of PFAS were not detected during the UCMR3 but might be detected if analyzed

today.

1.5.3 Hydrology

Hinds County is located within two major drainage basins: the Pearl River and the Big Black River.

The divide that separates these basins runs north-south through the eastern one-third of the

county.

Jackson AASF #1 is located entirely within the Town Creek-Pearl River Watershed, lying on the

western fork of Town Creek (Figure 1-2). Town Creek, a tributary of the Pearl River, flows south
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along the facility’s western border. According to the stormwater pollution prevention plan, outfalls

from the facility drainage system empty directly into Town Creek. General surface flow within the

Town Creek catchment is southeast.

Additionally, Hanging Moss Creek, Lynch Creek, Carey Creek, and several smaller creeks drain

the area in and around the City of Jackson and are tributaries of the Pearl. South of Jackson, the

Creeks Trahon, Big Rhodes, Beaverdam, and their tributaries flow eastward into the Pearl.

1.5.4 Climate

The climate type in the Jackson area is humid tropical, with an average temperature of 64.5

degrees Fahrenheit (°F). Seasonally, temperature ranges are moderate, with an average summer

temperature of 92 °F and an average winter temperature of 38 °F. Summer highs can reach above

97 °F, while winter lows rarely drop below 24 °F. Rainfall varies throughout the year, averaging

approximately 3 to 5 inches per month, with a total accumulation of 54 inches annually. Jackson

averages 1 inch of snow per year during winter months (National Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration [NOAA], 2017).

1.5.5 Current and Future Land Use

According to the Jackson Township Zoning Map dated August 2016, the facility is located within

a special use district, surrounded by a light industrial zone (Jackson Zoning Map, 2016). The

AASF building is in its original location, and it has never been relocated or retrofitted. The original

water sprinkler system for fire suppression is still in place, and the buildings include offices and

large storage areas. The flight facility is used for MSARNG training support and maintenance.

Interviews with current personnel indicated that National Guard Bureau classroom training takes

place at a location across the street from the AASF. Based on the recollection of interviewees, no

outside units have visited the facility to train.

Reasonably anticipated future land use is not expected to change from the current land use

described above.
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Groundwater Features

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Geology

Jackson Group

Wells

!P Commercial Well

!5 Industrial Well

A! Other/Unknown Well

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Upper Bogue

Chitto Creek

Watershed

Town Creek-Pearl

River Watershed

Lynch Creek-Pearl

River Watershed

Lynch Creek

E ubanks Creek

Town Creek

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Surface Water Features

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2. Fire Training Areas

No FTAs were identified at Jackson AASF #1 during the PA. According to interviewees (Appendix

B), firefighting support for the AASF #1 and Hawkins Field is coordinated with the Jackson Fire

Department via water trucks; personnel at the facility do not fight fires. Fire training for facility

personnel includes viewing training videos and practical training with a water-based training

extinguisher. Interviewee knowledge extends to the late 1980s. EDRTM aerial photographs dating

back to 1970 (Appendix C) do not indicate an FTA at the facility.

The Jackson Fire Department occasionally trains with AASF #1 personnel. This training includes

showing firefighters how to turn aircraft engines off, where fuel tanks are located, and identifying

exits and airfield features. No practical exercises are conducted during these trainings, and no

foam has ever been used.
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3. Non-Fire Training Areas

In addition to FTAs, the PA evaluated areas where PFAS-containing materials may have been

used, stored, or disposed. This may include buildings with fire suppression systems, paint booths,

AFFF storage areas, and areas of compliance demonstrations. Information obtained on these

features during the PA are included in Appendices A and B. One non-FTA was identified at

Jackson AASF #1 during the PA; however, activities at the facility between 1972 and

approximately 1988 are not known. A description of the non-FTA is presented below, and the

location of the non-FTA is shown on Figure 3-1.

3.1 Release Area A – Flight Line

An interviewee recalled that starting in approximately 2008 or 2009, an unknown number of TriMaxTM units were present at the facility’s Flight Line (Release Area A) for approximately 6 to 8

years. Although the number of units were not known, AASF #1 is required to have at least one

portable extinguisher for every two aircraft. No information was provided on the volume or type of

foam used in the extinguishers. Interviewees indicated there were never any instances of

discharge, testing, or refilling of the units at AASF #1. The units were serviced off-site by a private

company. Prior to the acquisition of the Tri-MaxTM units, the portable extinguishers were wheeled

carbon dioxide units. After 6 to 8 years of use, the facility replaced the Tri-MaxTM units with 13

portable dry chemical, Class-BC extinguishers (Appendix C). At the time of the PA, no information

was available regarding the final disposition of the Tri-MaxTM units. Common practice would be to

send the units to Camp Shelby for disposal; however, it is unknown if such a transfer occurred or

if unit contents were drained/removed prior to shipment or disposal. Because AFFF may have

historically been stored at AASF #1, there is a potential for incidental releases to have occurred.

The approximate location of Release Area A is seen on Figure 3-1.
Release Area A

Lynch Creek

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Water Body

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Non-Fire Training Areas

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4. Emergency Response Areas

No instances of emergency response were identified at Jackson AASF #1 during the PA. Current

personnel stated during interviews that historically there was a crash at Hawkins Field, but there

was no fire associated with the incident; therefore, no suppressants or foam were used.

Coordination of firefighting support via water trucks is made with the Jackson Fire Department

but there has been no need for response as of the date of the PA interviews (Appendix B).
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5. Adjacent Sources

One potential PFAS source adjacent to Jackson AASF #1 was identified during the PA through

interviews (Appendix B), online research, review of reports, and the EDRTM Report (Appendix

A).

5.1 Hawkins Field Airport

Jackson AASF #1 is located on the grounds of the Hawkins Field Airport (Figure 5-1). Personnel

at the airport and nearby municipal fire departments were not interviewed during this PA. It is not

known if AFFF is currently or historically used or stored at the airport. Because the presence of

AFFF at the airport cannot be confirmed, Hawkins Field Airport has been identified as a potential

off-site PFAS source area.
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6. Preliminary Conceptual Site Model

Based on the PA findings, one AOI was identified at Jackson AASF #1. The location of the AOI is

shown on Figure 6-1. The following sections describe the CSM components necessary for a

potentially complete exposure pathway: (1) source, (2) pathway, (3) receptor. If any of these

elements are missing, the pathway is considered incomplete.

6.1 AOI 1 – Release Area A

Human exposure via the dermal contact pathway may occur, and current risk practice suggests it

is an insignificant pathway compared to ingestion; however, exposure data for dermal pathways 

are sparse and continue to be the subject of PFAS toxicological study (National Ground Water

Association, 2018). Receptors at Jackson AASF #1 include site workers, construction workers,

trespassers, and off-facility recreational users. The preliminary CSM for the AOI indicates which

specific receptors could potentially be exposed to PFAS and is shown in Figure 6-1.

Potential AFFF releases identified at Jackson AASF #1 may have occurred on both surface soil

and paved surfaces. Releases to the paved surfaces could have migrated a short distance onto

the surrounding surface soil. Ground-disturbing activities in surface soil as well as beneath the

pavement may result in site worker and construction worker exposure to surface soils via

ingestion and inhalation. PFAS may have also infiltrated from surface soil to the subsurface, and

ground-disturbing activities to subsurface soil could result in construction worker exposure.

PFAS are water soluble and can migrate readily from soil to groundwater via leaching. However,

the facility is underlain by uppermost Quaternary terrace deposits, which are not sourced for water

resources. The underlying clays of the Jackson Group are highly impermeable and thick, making

the depth to groundwater several hundred feet bgs. Lastly, drinking water at the City of Jackson

is sourced from the Sparta Aquifer to the north of the facility. Consequently, groundwater exposure

pathways are incomplete. Storm water runoff at the facility drains into Town Creek, which flows

southeast into the Pearl River, and may result in potential exposure via ingestion of surface water

and sediment to site workers, construction workers, trespassers, and off-site recreational users.
AOI 1

Town Creek-Pearl

River Watershed

Lynch Creek-Pearl

River Watershed

Hawkins Field Airport

Release Area A

Town Creek

Lynch Creek

0 750 1,500 3,000

Feet

Legend

Area of Interest

Potential PFAS Release

Facility Boundary

Water Body

River/Stream

Inferred Groundwater Flow Direction

Surface Water Flow Direction

Wells

!P Commercial Well

A! Other/Unknown Well

CLIENT

REVISED

SCALE

ARNG

GIS BY

CHK BY

SK

LC

7/14/2020

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Preliminary Assessment for PFAS at Jackson AASF #1, MS

1:18,000

7/14/2020 ­ Figure 6-1

PM RG 7/14/2020

12420 Milestone Center Drive

Germantown, MD 20876

Area of Interest

Base Map: Sources: Esri, HERE, Garmin, USGS,

Intermap, INCREMENT P, NRCan, Esri Japan, METI,

PROJECT

C:\Users\grace.canham\AECOM Directory\Stankevich, Michael - ARNG_PFAS_GIS_60552172\MXDs\MS\Jackson_AASF\Jackson_AASF_PA\Fig_6-1_Jackson_AASF_AOI.mxd

18
Media

SOURCE PATHWAY RECEPTOR

AOI 1

AFFF Potentially

Discharged

During Incidental

Spills

PFAS in

Surface Soil

Airborne Soil

Particulate

Surface Soil

at AOIs

Surface

Water/

Sediment

Shallow

Groundwater

Subsurface

Soil

Source Release

Mechanism Media Transportand Migration Media ExposureRoutes

Inhalation of

Dust

Ingestion

Ingestion

Human Receptors:

Current/ Future

Flow-Chart Continues

Partial / Possible Flow

Flow-Chart Stops

Incomplete Pathway

Potentially Complete Pathway

Complete Pathway

Site

Worker

Construction

Worker

Off-Facility

Resident

Trespasser/

Recreational User

Site

Worker

Construction

Worker Resident Trespasser/

Recreational User

LEGEND

Figure 6-2

Preliminary Conceptual Site Model

AOI 1 Flight Line

Jackson AASF #1, MS

Potential

Off-Facility

Source Not

under

Control of

ARNG

/ /

/ / /

/

Ingestion

/ / / /

Notes:

1. The resident and recreational user

receptors refer to an off-site resident and

recreational user.

2. Dermal contact exposure pathway is

incomplete for PFAS.

/

/ / / /

Leaching/

Infiltration

Precipitation/

Run-Off

Human

Activities

Ingestion / / /

/

/

19
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1

Jackson, Mississippi

20

7. Conclusions

This report presents a summary of available information gathered during the PA on the use and

storage of AFFF and other PFAS-related activities at Jackson AASF #1. The PA findings are based

on the information presented in Appendix A and Appendix B.

7.1 Findings

One AOI related to potential PFAS releases was identified during the PA. A summary of the AOI

is shown in Table 7-1, and its location is shown on Figure 7-1.

Table 7-1: AOIs at Jackson AASF #1

Area of Interest Name Used by Potential Release Date

AOI 1 Release Area A MSARNG 2008 to 2017

Based on potential PFAS releases at AOI 1, there is potential for exposure to PFAS contamination

in media at or near the facility. The preliminary CSM for the AOI, which presents the potential

receptors and media impacted, is shown in Figure 6-2.

7.2 Uncertainty

A number of information sources were investigated during this PA to determine the potential for

PFAS-containing materials to have been present, used, or released at the facility. Historically,

documentation of PFAS use was not required because PFAS were considered benign. Therefore,

in general, records were not typically kept by the facility or available during the PA on the use of

PFAS in training, firefighting, other non-traditional activities, or on its disposition.

The conclusions of this PA are based on all available information, including: previous

environmental reports, EDRsTM, observations made during the VSI, and interviews. Interviews of

personnel with direct knowledge of a facility generally provided the most useful insights regarding

a facility's historical and current PFAS-containing materials. Sometimes the provided information

is vague or conflicts with other sources. Gathered information has a degree of uncertainty due to

the absence of written documentation, the limited number of personnel with direct knowledge due

to staffing changes, the time passed since PFAS were first used (1969 to present), and a reliance

on personal recollection. Inaccuracies may arise in potential PFAS release locations, dates of

release, volume of releases, and the concentration of AFFF used. There is also a possibility the

PA has missed a source of PFAS, as the science of how PFAS may enter the environment

continually evolves.

In order to minimize the level of uncertainty, readily available data regarding the use and potential

storage of PFAS were reviewed, current personnel were interviewed, multiple persons were

interviewed for the same potential source area, and the facility was visually inspected. Table 7-2

summarizes the uncertainties associated with the PA:

Table 7-2: Sources of Uncertainty

Area of Interest Source of Uncertainty

AOI 1: Release Area A The type, number, and volume of Tri-MaxTM units

formerly located at the AASF #1’s Flight Line are

unknown as is their final disposition. It is unknown

if the contents of the Tri-MaxTM units were emptied

prior to being removed from the facility.
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1

Jackson, Mississippi

21

Hawkins Field Airport Firefighting personnel for the City of Jackson were

not interviewed. Therefore, it is unknown if AFFF is

used, stored, or trained with at Hawkins Field

Airport.

General Interviewee tenure dates back to approximately

1987/1988. Activities at the facility between 1972

and approximately 1988 are not known.

7.3 Potential Future Actions

Interviews with current MSARNG facility staff, whose first-hand knowledge at Jackson AASF #1

span 1987 to present, indicate that ARNG activities may have resulted in a potential PFAS release

at one AOI identified during the PA. Based on the preliminary CSM developed for this AOI, there

is potential for receptors to be exposed to PFAS contamination in soil, surface water, and

sediment. Table 7-3 summarizes the rationale used to determine if the AOI should be considered

for further investigation under the CERCLA process and undergo an SI.

Table 7-3: PA Findings Summary

Area of Interest Rationale Potential Future Action

AOI 1: Release Area A Tri-MaxTM units stored

along the Flight Line

Proceed to SI, focus on soil,

surface water, and sediment

ARNG will evaluate the need for an SI at Jackson AASF #1 based on the potential receptors, the

potential migration of PFAS contamination off the facility, and the availability of resources.
AOI 1

Hawkins Field Airport

Release Area A

Town Creek

0 500 1,000 2,000

Feet

Legend

Area of Interest

Potential PFAS Release

Facility Boundary

Water Body

River/Stream

CLIENT

REVISED

SCALE

ARNG

GIS BY

CHK BY

SK

LC

7/14/2020

7/14/2020

Preliminary Assessment for PFAS at Jackson AASF #1, MS

1:12,000

7/14/2020 ­ Figure 7-1

PM RG 7/14/2020

12420 Milestone Center Drive

Germantown, MD 20876

Summary of Findings

Base Map: Sources: Esri, HERE, Garmin, USGS,

Intermap, INCREMENT P, NRCan, Esri Japan, METI,

PROJECT

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PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1

Jackson, Mississippi

23

8. References

Cushing, E.M., Boswell, E.H., Hosman, R.L. 1964. General Geology of the Mississippi

Embayment, Water Resources of the Mississippi Embayment. Geological Survey

Professional Paper 448-B, United States Geological Survey (USGS), Department of Interior

(DOI).

Jackson Zoning Map. City of Jackson, Mississippi, August 2016,

www.jacksongis.maps.arcgis.com/apps/view.

McKee, P.W. & Hays, P.D. 2002. The Sparta Aquifer: A Sustainable Water Resource? Fact Sheet

FS-111-02, USGS, DOI.

Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality. 2010. Annual Drinking Water Report. City of

Jackson Maddox Road Well System. Public Water Supply Identification Number

MS0250012. June 17, 2011.

National Ground Water Association. 2018. Groundwater and PFAS: State of Knowledge and

Practice. January.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). “Jackson Climate Records.” National

Weather Service, NOAA's National Weather Service, 23 June 2017,

www.weather.gov/jan/climatejan.

United States Environmental Protection Agency. 1991. Guidance for Performing Preliminary

Assessments under CERCLA. September.

Wallenfeldt, J., Burrus, J.N., and Sansing, D.G. Magnolia State. Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 5

February 2019, www.britannica.com/place/Mississippi-state.
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1

Jackson, Mississippi

Appendix A

Data Resources
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Jackson AASF #1, MS

Data resources will be provided separately on CD. Data resources for Jackson AASF include:

Previous Investigations Completed

· 2019 The EDR Radius Maptm Report with GeoCheck®; Aerial Photo Decade Package; & 

Certified Sanborn Map Report; Target Property Jackson AASF, 365 Shop Street, Jackson,

MS 46176.

· 2017 Jackson AASF Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), Volumes I & II

· 1972 Amendment to Lease Agreement, Jackson Municipal Airport Authority
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1

Jackson, Mississippi

Appendix B

Preliminary Assessment Documentation
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1

Jackson, Mississippi

Appendix B.1

Interview Records
PA Interview Questionnaire - Other Facility: AASF 1 Jackson, MS

Interviewer: 

Date/Time: 7 March 2019 @ 0800

Interviewee:__See Below________________

Title:__________________________________

Phone Number:_________________________

Email:_______________________________

Can your name/role be used in the PA Report? Y or N

Can you recommend anyone we can interview?

Y or N __________________________

Roles or activities with the Facility/Years working at the Facility:

, Safety Officer, since 1987 or 1988

, Environmental Compliance Officer, 5 years

PFAS Use: Identify accidental/intentional release locations, time frame of release, frequency of releases,

storage container size (maintenance, fire training, firefighting, buildings with suppression systems (as

builts), fueling stations, crash sites, pest management, recreational, dining facilities, metals plating, or

waterproofing). How are materials ordered/purchased/disposed/shared with others?

Facility Background: Flight Facility, training support, and maintenance. Also

provides NGB Army classroom training at a location across the street from

the AASF. No outside units visit the facility to train in anyone’s memory. The

AASF was established in 1972/73 – its current location is the original location

(never located elsewhere). Prior to MSARNG establishment of the AASF,

historically, the airfield was used by the Air Force for training during WWII.

There is no suppression system in the hangar. Soldiers at the facility do not

fight fires. The Jackson fire department (municipal) supports the AASF and

Hawkins Field in emergencies. There have been no fires to date.

Interviewees noted that there was a crash at Hawkins Field but that there

was no fire associated with it (thus no foam).

Fire training at the facility includes watching videos and practical training with

a water based training extinguisher. The Jackson FD comes in to train with

AASF personnel – this includes showing the Jackson FD how to turn the

engines off, where fuel tanks are, running though where exits and airfield are.

No practical exercises are conducted – no foam ever used.

Facility is required to have portable fire extinguisher units for the helipads –

approximately 1 for every 2 helicopters. Currently they have 13 units, all dry

chemical.

Starting in approximately 2008/2009, an unknown number of Trimax units

were present at the facility for approximately 6-8 years. Although the number

of units is unknown, there would have been 1 unit for every 2 aircraft. There

were never any instances of discharge of the units. Servicing occurred offsite by a private company. The units were never refilled. The Trimax units

Known Uses

Use

Procurement

Disposition

Storage (Mixed)

Storage (Solution)

Inventory, Off-Spec

Containment

SOP on Filling

Leaking Vehicles

Nozzle and Suppression

System Testing

Dining Facilities

Vehicle Washing

Ramp Washing

Fuel Spill Washing and

Fueling Stations

Chrome Plating or

Waterproofing
PA Interview Questionnaire - Other Facility: AASF 1 Jackson, MS

Interviewer: 

Date/Time: 7 March 2019 @ 0800

were replaced with the dry chem portable they have today. Prior to the Trimax, the units were

wheeled CO2 units.

No on-site fuel point. Fuel is brought in on a Heavy Expanded Mobility Tactical Truck (HEMTT) –

2,500 gal capacity.

The facility kitchen range has an overhead suppression system (same as McCain’s) – K-Class

suppression system (potassium carbonate based).

No known adjacent sources – no tanker crashes, no chrome plating, no waterproofing. There is

an ethanol factory north of the facility on Industrial Drive (large facility). Other tenets at Hawkins

Field are not known.
PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1

Jackson, Mississippi

Appendix B.2

Visual Site Inspection Checklists



PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1

Jackson, Mississippi

Appendix B.3

Conceptual Site Model Information



PFAS Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1

Jackson, Mississippi

Appendix C

Photographic Log
Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1 - Jackson, MS

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

AECOM

APPENDIX C – Photographic Log

Army National Guard, Preliminary

Assessment for PFAS Jackson ASSF Jackson, Mississippi

Photograph No. 1

Description:

Floor drains within the AASF

hangar.

Photograph No. 2

Description:

Fire extinguisher in hallway.
Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1 - Jackson, MS

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

AECOM

APPENDIX C – Photographic Log

Army National Guard, Preliminary

Assessment for PFAS Jackson ASSF Jackson, Mississippi

Photograph No. 3

Description:

Cooking Range Hood with

PyroChem fire K-Class

suppression system sprinklers

(potassium carbonate based).

Photograph No. 4

Description:

On the flight line facing North
Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1 - Jackson, MS

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

AECOM

APPENDIX C – Photographic Log

Army National Guard, Preliminary

Assessment for PFAS Jackson ASSF Jackson, Mississippi

Photograph No. 5

Description:

On the flight line facing West

Photograph No. 6

Description:

On the flight line facing South
Preliminary Assessment Report

Army Aviation Support Facility #1 - Jackson, MS

Perfluorooctane-Sulfonic Acid (PFOS) and

Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) Impacted Sites

ARNG Installations, Nationwide

AECOM

APPENDIX C – Photographic Log

Army National Guard, Preliminary

Assessment for PFAS Jackson ASSF Jackson, Mississippi

Photograph No. 7

Description

Close up of flight line

portable fire extinguisher.