{"id":383628,"date":"2023-06-30T00:57:48","date_gmt":"2023-06-30T04:57:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?post_type=topic&p=383628"},"modified":"2023-09-28T13:28:55","modified_gmt":"2023-09-28T17:28:55","slug":"spectrum","status":"publish","type":"topic","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/space-operations\/space-communications-and-navigation-scan-program\/spectrum\/","title":{"rendered":"Spectrum"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-0 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-page-intro\">\n\t<div class=\"padding-0 bg-spacesuit-white wp-block-nasa-blocks-page-intro\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-page-intro hds-page-intro-banner width-full maxw-full padding-0 hds-cover-wrapper minh-tablet\">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-foreground-wrapper display-flex\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto margin-bottom-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-top-9 padding-x-3 z-400\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-4 margin-bottom-3 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"page-heading-md line-height-sm color-spacesuit-white-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSpectrum\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-lg color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tEvery NASA missions requires use of the electromagnetic spectrum to communicate with our spacecraft and send vital data back to Earth. NASA’s Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) program provides spectrum management on behalf of NASA at both the national and international stages, enabling secure and efficient communication networks for NASA.\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-4 margin-bottom-3 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200\"><\/div>\n\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1678\" height=\"1120\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-edit.jpg?w=1678\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Rainbow stripes with a satellite in the background.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 49% 53%; object-position: 49% 53%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-edit.jpg 1678w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-edit.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-edit.jpg?resize=768,513 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-edit.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-edit.jpg?resize=1536,1025 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-edit.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-edit.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-edit.jpg?resize=900,601 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-edit.jpg?resize=1200,801 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1678px) 100vw, 1678px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/figure>\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-tabbed-section color-mode-light padding-y-6 padding-x-3 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-tabbed-section\"> \n\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block\">\n\t\t<ul class=\"hds-tab-nav usa-list usa-list--unstyled grid-row\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"hds-tab-nav-item usa-active\" data-tab-id=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t<button role=\"tab\" type=\"button\" id=\"tab0-overview\" aria-selected=\"true\" aria-controls=\"panel0-overview\">\n\t\t\t\t\tOverview\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"hds-tab-nav-item \" data-tab-id=\"1\">\n\t\t\t\t<button role=\"tab\" type=\"button\" id=\"tab1-usage\" aria-selected=\"false\" aria-controls=\"panel1-usage\">\n\t\t\t\t\tUsage\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"hds-tab-nav-item \" data-tab-id=\"2\">\n\t\t\t\t<button role=\"tab\" type=\"button\" id=\"tab2-management\" aria-selected=\"false\" aria-controls=\"panel2-management\">\n\t\t\t\t\tManagement\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"hds-tab-nav-item \" data-tab-id=\"3\">\n\t\t\t\t<button role=\"tab\" type=\"button\" id=\"tab3-certification\" aria-selected=\"false\" aria-controls=\"panel3-certification\">\n\t\t\t\t\tCertification\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tabs margin-top-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex usa-active\" data-tab-id=\"0\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"panel0-overview\" aria-labelledby=\"tab0-overview\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-29\">Spectrum Overview<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"heading-16\">Overview of the electromagnetic spectrum.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md\">The electromagnetic spectrum is comprised of all frequencies of electromagnetic radiation that propagate energy and travel through space in the form of waves. NASA utilizes a number of tools that allow us to communicate and create images utilizing almost every single component of the electromagnetic spectrum in one way or another.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/somd\/space-communications-navigation-program\/spectrum-overview\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-sm link-external-true\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1 \" >\n\t\t\t\tRead More                \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-left-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"217\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-feature.png?w=640\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Graphic depicting digital and analog waves.\" style=\"transform: scale(1.4); transform-origin: 9% 31%; object-position: 9% 31%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-feature.png 3229w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-feature.png?resize=300,102 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-feature.png?resize=768,261 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-feature.png?resize=1024,348 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-feature.png?resize=1536,522 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-feature.png?resize=2048,696 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-feature.png?resize=400,136 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-feature.png?resize=600,204 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-feature.png?resize=900,306 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-feature.png?resize=1200,408 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-feature.png?resize=2000,679 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex \" data-tab-id=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"panel1-usage\" aria-labelledby=\"tab1-usage\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-29\">Spectrum Usage<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"heading-16\">All NASA missions use the spectrum.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md\">NASA’s requirements for access to the radio frequency spectrum began with the formation of the agency in 1958 and have evolved and grown over the decades to include a wide array of programs and applications. Virtually every endeavor by the agency requires communications or data transfer via the radio spectrum.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/somd\/space-communications-navigation-program\/nasa-spectrum-usage\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-sm link-external-true\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1 \" >\n\t\t\t\tRead More                \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-left-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"275\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?w=640\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Near Space Network antennas at the White Sands Complex in Las Cruces, New Mexico.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 43% 40%; object-position: 43% 40%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg 3293w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=300,129 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=768,330 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=1024,441 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=1536,661 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=2048,881 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=400,172 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=600,258 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=900,387 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=1200,516 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=2000,861 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Near Space Network antennas at the White Sands Complex in Las Cruces, New Mexico.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex \" data-tab-id=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"panel2-management\" aria-labelledby=\"tab2-management\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-29\">Spectrum Management<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"heading-16\">From spectrum allocation to compliance.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md\">Society’s increasing use of radio-based technologies, and the opportunities for development that these technologies provide, highlight the importance of radio spectrum management.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/somd\/space-communications-navigation-program\/nasas-organization-of-spectrum-management\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-sm link-external-true\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1 \" >\n\t\t\t\tRead More                \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-left-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"415\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/frequency-allocation.jpg?w=640\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"United States radio spectrum frequency allocations chart.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/frequency-allocation.jpg 6141w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/frequency-allocation.jpg?resize=300,195 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/frequency-allocation.jpg?resize=768,498 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/frequency-allocation.jpg?resize=1024,664 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/frequency-allocation.jpg?resize=1536,997 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/frequency-allocation.jpg?resize=2048,1329 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/frequency-allocation.jpg?resize=400,260 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/frequency-allocation.jpg?resize=600,389 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/frequency-allocation.jpg?resize=900,584 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/frequency-allocation.jpg?resize=1200,779 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/frequency-allocation.jpg?resize=2000,1298 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">United States radio spectrum frequency allocations chart.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex \" data-tab-id=\"3\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"panel3-certification\" aria-labelledby=\"tab3-certification\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-29\">Certification Process<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"heading-16\"><strong>A guide to NASA Spectrum policy<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md\">It is NASA policy that any NASA satellite mission requiring the use of the electromagnetic spectrum for transmission, reception, or both, shall follow the United States spectrum regulatory rules and processes, as well as all applicable international spectrum regulations.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/somd\/space-communications-navigation-program\/spectrum-certification-process\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-sm link-external-true\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1 \" >\n\t\t\t\tRead More                \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-left-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/capitol-building.jpg?w=640\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"The U.S. Capitol building at sunset.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 58% 36%; object-position: 58% 36%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/capitol-building.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/capitol-building.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/capitol-building.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/capitol-building.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/capitol-building.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/capitol-building.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/capitol-building.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/capitol-building.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/capitol-building.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/capitol-building.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The U.S. Capitol building at sunset.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">U.S. ARMY<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"resources\" class=\"hds-featured-link-list bg-spacesuit-white padding-x-2 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-4 padding-y-5 desktop:padding-y-6 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-featured-link-list\">\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block padding-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-22\">\n\t\t\t\tResources\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/edu-remote-sensing-large.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(2); transform-origin: 50% 21%; object-position: 50% 21%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/edu-remote-sensing-large.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/edu-remote-sensing-large.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/edu-remote-sensing-large.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/edu-remote-sensing-large.jpg?resize=200,200 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">Remote Sensing<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\">Learn how NASA using active and passive sensing for Earth observation missions.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/somd\/space-communications-navigation-program\/remote-sensing\/\" target=\"\" aria-label=\"\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" src=\"\/wp-content\/plugins\/nasa-blocks\/assets\/images\/spacex-orbit.jpg\" ><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">Points of Contact<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\">NASA's Spectrum Management points of contact across our centers.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/somd\/space-communications-navigation-program\/spectrum-points-of-contact\/\" target=\"\" aria-label=\"\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-poster-1-8.5-11.webp?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(2); transform-origin: 8% 0%; object-position: 8% 0%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-poster-1-8.5-11.webp?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-poster-1-8.5-11.webp?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-poster-1-8.5-11.webp?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-poster-1-8.5-11.webp?resize=200,200 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">SPEARS<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\">Spectrum Education Awareness (SPEARS) is an initiative to increase the awareness and understanding of the use and management of the radio frequency spectrum.\u00a0<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/somd\/space-communications-navigation-program\/spears\/\" target=\"\" aria-label=\"\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/spectrum-radio-graphic-web.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Graphic displaying the bandwidths of the radio spectrum.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 56% 0%; object-position: 56% 0%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/spectrum-radio-graphic-web.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/spectrum-radio-graphic-web.png?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/spectrum-radio-graphic-web.png?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/spectrum-radio-graphic-web.png?resize=200,200 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">Radio vs. Optical<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\">Learn about the use and differences in space applications for radio and optical frequencies.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/somd\/space-communications-navigation-program\/radio-vs-optical-spectrum\/\" target=\"\" aria-label=\"\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"resources\" class=\"hds-featured-link-list bg-spacesuit-white padding-x-2 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-4 padding-y-5 desktop:padding-y-6 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-featured-link-list\">\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block padding-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-22\">\n\t\t\t\tDownloads\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1.3); transform-origin: 51% 49%; object-position: 51% 49%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=200,200 200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=400,400 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=600,600 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=900,900 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">NPR 2570.1C<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\">NASA Radio Frequency (RF) Spectrum Management Manual documentation.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/nodis3.gsfc.nasa.gov\/displayDir.cfm?Internal_ID=N_PR_2570_001C_&page_name=main&search_term=npr%202570\" target=\"\" aria-label=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1.3); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=200,200 200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=400,400 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=600,600 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=900,900 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">NPD 2570.5E<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\">NASA Electromagnetic Spectrum Management documentation.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/nodis3.gsfc.nasa.gov\/displayDir.cfm?Internal_ID=N_PD_2570_005E_&page_name=main&search_term=NPD2570\" target=\"\" aria-label=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1.3); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=200,200 200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=400,400 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=600,600 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=900,900 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">SmallSat Guidance<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\">Guidance for Small Satellite missions requiring the use of spectrum for transmission, reception, or both.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/spectrum-guidance-smallsats-cubesats-2015.pdf?emrc=0e7785\" target=\"\" aria-label=\"\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1.3); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=200,200 200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=400,400 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=600,600 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pdf-icon.png?resize=900,900 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">Spectrum 101<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\">An introduction to NASA's Spectrum Management.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/spectrum-101.pdf?emrc=9c9412\" target=\"\" aria-label=\"\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":323,"featured_media":526980,"parent":193424,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"297758","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[]},"categories":[3315],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[4182,4240,4199],"coauthors":[11359,12277],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebPage","headline":"Spectrum","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/space-operations\/space-communications-and-navigation-scan-program\/spectrum\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/space-operations\/space-communications-and-navigation-scan-program\/spectrum\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-edit.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/spectrum-edit.jpg"},"articleSection":"NASA Directorates","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Catherine G. 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