National Hemp Report

Agricultural Statistics Board Briefing

Nick Streff, Acting Chief

Crops Branch

April 17, 2024
Background

April 17, 2024

The Hemp Acreage and Production Survey was a joint effort by NASS and AMS, 

in collaboration with numerous other USDA agencies.

USDA Hemp Partners

• National Agricultural 

Statistics Service (NASS)

• Agricultural Marketing 

Service (AMS)

• Farm Service Agency (FSA)

• Risk Management Agency 

(RMA)

• Economic Research 

Service (ERS)

• Office of Chief Economist 

(OCE)

Hemp Survey Collected Information On: 

• Total Planted & Harvested Area

• Yield

• Production

• Value
Background

April 17, 2024

As defined in the Agricultural Improvement Act of 2018 (2018 Farm Bill), the 

term “hemp” means the plant species Cannabis sativa L. and any part of the 

plant such as seeds, all derivatives, and extracts, whether growing or not, with a 

delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) concentration of not more than 0.3% on a 

dry weight basis.

The Domestic Hemp Production Program, established in the 2018 Farm Bill and 

administered by AMS, allows for the cultivation of hemp under certain 

conditions. 
Data Sources

April 17, 2024

Operator Reported 

Survey

 Hemp Acreage and 

Production Survey

Sample Size = 8,035 February 2024 - March 2024

State Sources State Departments of Agriculture routinely collect and disseminate hemp information 

and data. What is collected varies by state.

RMA

Insureds who participate in the Hemp Actual Production History (APH) pilot are required 

to provide acceptable acreage reports and production reports to establish their 

insurable acreage and production guarantees, respectively. 

FSA

Hemp producers report indicated usage acreage data to FSA.

https://www.fsa.usda.gov/news-room/efoia/electronic-reading-room/frequently-requested-information/crop-acreage-data/index

AMS Tribal Governments and State Departments of Agriculture provide hemp acreage data by 

usage to AMS. 
Hemp Acreage and Production Survey

Sample Sizes

April 17, 2024
Publication Levels

April 17, 2024

Levels of Publication U.S., Region, State

Hemp Publication Regions

U.S. 149

Region 24

State 429

Count of Published Items 

by Level
2023 Industrial Hemp

Value of All Utilized Production

April 17, 2024 $212.3 

$258.2 

$34.0 

$32.9 

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

2022 2023

In the Open Under Protection

Million Dollars
2023 Industrial Hemp

Grown in the Open

April 17, 2024

United States

% Change from

Previous Season

(Acres) (Acres) (1,000 Dollars)

South Dakota 3,200 ↑ 14.3 2,900 ↑ 13.7 (D)

Montana 2,900 ↓ -17.1 2,450 ↑ 66.7 (D)

Oregon 2,300 ↑ 9.5 2,050 ↑ 7.9 (D)

California 2,100 ↑ 130.8 1,900 ↑ 118.4 (D)

Missouri 1,750 ↓ -7.9 1,410 ↑ 0.7 (D)

Colorado 1,350 ↓ -15.6 450 ↓ -6.3 (D)

% ∆ PY % ∆ PY % ∆ PY

Top 6 States - By Planted Acres

Planted Harvested Value of Utilized 

Production

↓ 2.2 ↑ 15.5 ↑ 21.6

27,680 21,079 258,176

Planted Harvested Value of Utilized 

Prodction

(Acres) (Acres) (1,000 Dollars)
2023 Industrial Hemp Planted

Acres in the Open and Percent Change from Previous Year

April 17, 2024
2023 Industrial Floral Hemp

Grown in the Open

April 17, 2024

United States

% Change from

Previous Season

(Acres) (1,000 Pounds)

Oregon 1,850 ↓ 2.6 960 ↑ 33.3 1,776 ↑ 29.8 1,687 ↑ 30.3

California 1,210 ↑ 77.9 1,380 ↑ 170.6 1,670 ↑ 381.3 1,668 ↑ 414.8

Kentucky 1,150 0.0 2,370 ↑ 0.4 2,726 ↑ 0.4 2,723 ↑ 4.0

(D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

(D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

% ∆ PY (Pounds Per Acre) % ∆ PY % ∆ PY (1,000 Pounds) % ∆ PY

Harvested Yield Total Production Utilized Production

Top 5 States - By Harvested Acres

↑ 3.9 ↑ 14.0 ↑ 18.4 ↑ 24.5

Harvested Yield Total Production Utilized Production

(Acres) (Pounds Per Acre) (1,000 Pounds) (1,000 Pounds)

7,383 1,088 8,030 7,643
2023 Industrial Floral Hemp

Grown in the Open

April 17, 2024

United States

% Change from

Previous Season

(1,000 Dollars)

Oregon 8 9 ↑ 21.9 68.50 ↑ 29.2 115,560 ↑ 68.4 6 ↓ 64.7

California 2 ↓ 91.3 34.80 ↑ 118.9 58,046 ↑ 1,026.7 0

Kentucky 3 ↓ 96.8 2.11 ↑ 44.5 5,746 ↑ 50.3 4 2 ↑ 31.3

(D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

(D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

(1,000 Pounds) % ∆ PY (Dollars Per Pound) % ∆ PY % ∆ PY (Percent) % ∆ PY

Top 5 States - By Harvested Acres

Under Contract

(Percent)

26

↓ 16.1

Harvested Not Sold Price Value of Utilized 

Production Under Contract

↓ 39.6 ↑ 8.6 ↑ 34.9

387 31.60 241,375

Harvested Not Sold Price Value of Utilized 

Production

(1,000 Pounds) (Dollars Per Pound) (1,000 Dollars)
2023 Industrial Floral Hemp Harvested

Acres in the Open and Percent Change from Previous Year

April 17, 2024
2023 Industrial Hemp for Grain

Grown in the Open

April 17, 2024

United States

% Change from

Previous Season

Region 1 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Region 2 8 3 (D) 867 (D) 7 2 (D) 5 9 (D)

Region 3 1,007 ↑ 2.9 724 ↑ 111.1 729 ↑ 117.0 729 ↑ 117.0

Region 4 1,845 ↓ 46.0 687 ↑ 41.1 1,268 ↓ 23.8 1,215 ↓ 25.6

Region 5 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Region 6 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Region 7 (D) (D) (D) (D)

(Acres) % ∆ PY (Pounds Per Acre) % ∆ PY (1,000 Pounds) % ∆ PY (1,000 Pounds) % ∆ PY

Harvested Yield Total Production Utilized Production

Regions

↓ 25.9 ↑ 72.3 ↑ 27.9 ↑ 27.7

3,986 779 3,106 3,016

(Acres) (Pounds Per Acre) (1,000 Pounds) (1,000 Pounds)

Harvested Yield Total Production Utilized Production
2023 Industrial Hemp for Grain

Grown in the Open

April 17, 2024

United States

% Change from

Previous Season

Region 1 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Region 2 1 3 (D) 1.41 (D) 8 3 (D) 0 (D)

Region 3 0 1.09 ↑ 67.7 791 ↑ 264.5 2 9 ↓ 67.0

Region 4 5 3 ↑ 71.0 0.70 ↓ 31.4 854 ↓ 48.9 7 3 ↑ 284.2

Region 5 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Region 6 (D) (D) (D) (D)

Region 7 (D) (D) (D) (D)

% ∆ PY (Dollars Per Pound) % ∆ PY (1,000 Dollars) % ∆ PY (Percent) % ∆ PY

Harvested Not Sold Price Value of Utilized 

Production Under Contract

(1,000 Pounds)

↓ 36.3

Regions

↑ 34.3 ↓ 50.0 ↑ 2.9

90

(1,000 Pounds) (Dollars Per Pound) (1,000 Dollars) (Percent)

0.77 2,313 36

Harvested Not Sold Price Value of Utilized 

Production Under Contract
2023 Industrial Hemp for Fiber

Grown in the Open

April 17, 2024

United States

% Change from

Previous Season

(Acres) (1,000 Pounds)

South Dakota 2,900 ↑ 262.5 5,490 ↑ 125.9 15,921 ↑ 719.0 15,730 ↑ 709.2

Montana 2,000 ↑ 217.5 2,740 ↓ 29.0 5,480 ↑ 125.3 5,480 ↑ 125.3

Missouri 1,360 ↑ 4.6 5,080 ↓ 13.9 6,909 ↓ 9.9 6,909 ↓ 9.9

Idaho 1,240 (D) 3,350 (D) 4,154 (D) 4,154 (D)

(D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

% ∆ PY (Pounds Per Acre) % ∆ PY % ∆ PY (1,000 Pounds) % ∆ PY

Top 5 States - By Harvested Acres

Harvested Yield Total Production Utilized Production

↑ 76.7 ↑ 32.0 ↑ 133.3 ↑ 125.1

(Acres) (Pounds Per Acre) (1,000 Pounds) (1,000 Pounds)

12,106 4,053 49,064 46,252

Harvested Yield Total Production Utilized Production
2023 Industrial Hemp for Fiber

Grown in the Open

April 17, 2024

United States

% Change from

Previous Season

(1,000 Dollars)

South Dakota 191 0.15 ↓ 16.7 2,360 ↑ 574.3 2 3 ↓ 37.8

Montana 0 0.13 ↑ 18.2 712 ↑ 165.7 9 9 ↓ 1.0

Missouri 0 0.15 ↓ 88.5 1,036 ↓ 89.6 2 1 ↓ 4.5

Idaho 0 0.32 (D) 1,329 (D) 5 0 (D)

(D) (D) (D) (D) (D)

(1,000 Pounds) % ∆ PY (Dollars Per Pound) % ∆ PY % ∆ PY (Percent) % ∆ PY

Under Contract

(Percent)

38

↓ 2.6

Top 5 States - By Harvested Acres

↓ 59.1

Harvested Not Sold Price Value of Utilized 

Production Under Contract

↑ 477.4 ↓ 81.9

(1,000 Pounds) (Dollars Per Pound) (1,000 Dollars)

2,812 0.25 11,577

Harvested Not Sold Price Value of Utilized 

Production
2023 Industrial Hemp for Fiber Harvested

Acres in the Open and Percent Change from Previous Year

April 17, 2024
2023 Industrial Hemp for Seed

Grown in the Open

April 17, 2024 United States

% Change from

Previous Season ↑ 65.5 ↑ 210.6 ↑ 414.4 ↑ 445.9

1,344 559 751 726

(Acres) (Pounds Per Acre) (1,000 Pounds) (1,000 Pounds)

Harvested Yield Total Production Utilized Production

United States

% Change from

Previous Season ↑ 92.3 ↓ 64.2 ↑ 96.2 ↑ 260.9

2,911 83

Harvested Not Sold Price Value of Utilized 

Production

25 4.01

Under Contract

(1,000 Pounds) (Dollars Per Pound) (1,000 Dollars) (Percent)
2023 Industrial Hemp

Grown Under Protection

April 17, 2024

United States

% Change from

Previous Season

(1,000 Dollars)

California 851,000 ↑ 71.2 (D)

Oregon 550,000 ↓ 52.5 (D)

Alabama 277,400 ↑ 180.5 (D)

North Carolina 221,406 ↑ 104.2 (D)

Texas 160,000 ↓ 51.7 (D)

Area in Production Value of Utilized Prodction

(Square Feet) (1,000 Dollars)

3,244,527 32,874

↓ 33.5

Area in Production Value of Utilized Production

↓ 3.2

(Square Feet) % ∆ PY

Top 5 States
2023 Industrial Hemp Area in Production

1,000 Square Feet Under Protection and Percent Change from Previous Year

April 17, 2024
2023 Industrial Hemp

Clone or Transplant Production - Grown Under Protection

April 17, 2024 United States

% Change from

Previous Season ↓ 26.0 ↓ 26.4 ↑ 6.7

934 918 16

Total Production Utilized Production Harvested Not Sold

(1,000 Plants) (1,000 Plants) (1,000 Plants)

United States

% Change from

Previous Season ↑ 61.0 ↑ 17.9 ↓ 68.8

0.95 870 25

Price Value of Utilized 

Production Under Contract

(Dollars Per Plant) (1,000 Dollars) (Percent)
2023 Industrial Hemp

Floral Production - Grown Under Protection

April 17, 2024 United States

% Change from

Previous Season ↓ 27.9 ↓ 34.1 ↓ 8.8

75,866 52,330 23,536

(Pounds) (Pounds) (Pounds)

Total Production Utilized Production Harvested Not Sold

United States

% Change from

Previous Season ↑ 58.2 ↑ 4.1 ↓ 31.3

492.00 25,753

Price Value of Utilized 

Production

(Dollars Per Pound) (1,000 Dollars)

11

Under Contract

(Percent)
2023 Industrial Hemp Floral Production

Pounds Under Protection and Percent Change from Previous Year

April 17, 2024
2023 Industrial Hemp

Seed Production - Grown Under Protection

April 17, 2024 United States

% Change from

Previous Season ↓ 44.5 ↓ 54.7 ↑ 116.7

1,236 950 286

(Pounds) (Pounds) (Pounds)

Total Production Utilized Production Harvested Not Sold

United States

% Change from

Previous Season ↑ 62.5 ↓ 26.3 ↑ 1700.0

6,580.00 6,251 18

Price Value of Utilized 

Production Under Contract

(Dollars Per Pound) (1,000 Dollars) (Percent)
2023 Industrial Hemp

Producer Characteristics - Sex

April 17, 2024

82%

18%

Male

Female
2023 Industrial Hemp

Producer Characteristics – Occupation & Years Operating

April 17, 2024 50% 50%

Primary Occupation

Farming

Other

65%

9 %

26%

Years Operating Any Farm

5 years or Less

6 to 10 Years

11 Years or More
2023 Industrial Hemp

Producer Characteristics – Age Group

April 17, 2024

2 %

14%

26%

21%

19%

15%

3 %

Under 25

25-34

35-44

45-54

55-64

65-74

75 and Older
2023 Industrial Hemp

Producer Characteristics – By Race

April 17, 2024

2 % 1 %

7 %

0 %

88%

2 %

American Indian or Alaska

Native

Asian

Black or African American

Native Hawaiian or Other

Pacific Islander

White

More Than One Race

Reported
All Reports Available At

www.nass.usda.gov

For Questions

(202) 720-2127

(800) 727-9540

nass@usda.gov