To:

Cc:

Bcc:

Subject: Fw: Follow-Up Request for PM AQ data

From: Beth Hassett-Sipple/RTP/USEPA/US

To: avol@hsc.usc.edu, steven.babin@jhuapl.edu, rbasu@jhsph.edu, rick_burnett@hc-sc.gc.ca, 

sknutsen@llu.edu, ychen@uottawa.ca, mchimonas@msn.com, rdales@ohri.ca, rdelfino@uci.edu, 

redld@channing.harvard.edu, ddockery@hsph.harvard.edu, fdominic@jhsph.edu, 

brauer@interchange.ubc.ca, jenstrom@ucla.edu, fuentes@stat.ncsu.edu, kfung@uwindsor.ca, 

kuenzli@usc.edu, jimg@rcf.usc.edu, janneane.gent@yale.edu, 

diane.gold@channing.harvard.edu, goss@u.washington.edu, Ahmad.hammoud@hsc.utah.edu, 

hollomanc@battelle.org, mhuynh@health.nyc.gov, gillilan@hsc.usc.edu, gillilan@usc.edu, 

jkoenig@u.washington.edu, jerrett@usc.edu, dkrewski@uottawa.ca, TOBYL@umich.edu, 

flipfert@suffolk.lib.ny.us, morton.lippmann@nyumc.org, mlipsett@dhs.ca.gov, llisabet@umich.edu, 

Sliu@uottawa.ca, rmcconne@hsc.usc.edu, gdiette@jhmi.edu, yymeng@ucla.edu, 

ptolber@sph.emory.edu, joelk@u.washington.edu, jpeters@hsc.usc.edu, 

smoolgavkar@exponent.com, goconnor@bu.edu, marieo@umich.edu, jdparker@cdc.gov, 

jennifer.peel@colostate.edu, peters@gsf.de, jpeters@hsc.usc.edu, cap3@email.byu.edu, 

brauer@interchange.ubc.ca, britz@ucla.edu, frank@purdue.edu, rundell@marywood.edu, 

jschwrtz@hsph.harvard.edu, philsilkoff@hotmail.com, Sheppard@u.washington.edu, 

sulljh@u.washington.edu, ageyh@jhsph.edu, ctrenga@uwashington.edu, 

Paul_Villeneuve@hc-sc.gc.ca, gwelleni@bidmc.harvard.edu, hsuh@hsph.harvard.edu, 

britz@ucla.edu, woodruff.tracey@epa.gov, woodrufft@obgyn.ucsf.edu, Karin_Yeatts@unc.edu, 

azanobet@hsph.harvard.edu, jsamet@usc.edu, azeka@hsph.harvard.edu, 

zmzhang@wfubmc.edu

Cc: Lindsay Stanek/RTP/USEPA/US@EPA, Rebecca Yang/RTP/USEPA/US@EPA, Pradeep 

Rajan/RTP/USEPA/US@EPA

Date: 10/20/2009 05:29 PM

Subject: Request for PM AQ data

To: Authors of recent U.S. and Canadian epidemiological studies evaluating health effects 

associated with exposure to particulate matter (PM)

This is a follow-up email to an earlier request for request air quality data for PM2.5 and/or 

PM10-2.5 used in your epidemiologic studies. Our original request was sent on May 2, 2009. We are 

contacting you again at this time because these data would still be highly useful for the current 

review of the PM National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and we have not yet heard 

back from you. 

EPA is presently reviewing the NAAQS for PM. Important components of this review 

include the preparation of an Integrated Science Assessment (ISA) by EPA’s National Center for 

Environmental Assessment (NCEA) and a Risk Assessment (RA) and a Policy Assessment (PA) 

by EPA’s Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS). In evaluating the 

epidemiological evidence in the ISA and in using this information to inform the quantitative risk 

assessment and policy assessment, it is crucial to consider the air quality distributions from areas 

where these studies were conducted to investigate associations between PM and health effects. 

Most epidemiological studies provide some information on the distribution of ambient 

measurement data for PM, however, published information is often generally limited in scope 

and the descriptive statistics reported vary from one study to another. 

OAQPS and NCEA are jointly contacting you to request specific information on the 

distribution of the air quality data for PM2.5

 and/or PM10-2.5 used in your studies. These data will 

provide important information as NCEA develops the final ISA and OAQPS develops the final 
RA and draft PA in the next few months. These documents will inform EPA’s decision making 

process on whether to retain or revise the PM NAAQS. 

Specifically, we are interested in receiving the descriptive statistics (listed below) on the 

air quality data used in your study (see the study citations list below). Please note, this request is 

for information on the distribution of air quality data for PM2.5 and/or PM10-2.5 used in your studies. If 

your study evaluated PM10-2.5, we are also asking for you to provide PM10 data, if available. It is 

important to emphasize that we are not requesting health data. In addition, we are not requesting 

raw air quality data, but rather information on the distribution of the data. However, if you prefer 

to send the entire air quality data set, that would also be acceptable. Please be aware that your 

responses, together with whatever data you provide, will be placed in our public docket.

We recognize that you are all very busy and if it is not possible for you to provide all 

of the data listed below, please focus on those data that would be most informative to this 

PM NAAQS review (i.e., 98th and 99th percentile values for short-term PM2.5 ambient 

concentrations; 98th, 99th, and maximum values for PM10-2.5  and PM10). 

In order to use the requested information in preparing the final ISA and RA, we ask that 

you provide these data to us by November 2, 2009. We will follow this email message with a 

telephone call in the next week to address any questions you might have regarding this request. 

Please contact us if you have any questions. 

Thank you in advance for your assistance. 

Beth M. Hassett-Sipple Lindsay Wichers Stanek, Ph.D.

Environmental Health Scientist Physical Scientist

OAQPS NCEA-RTP 

919 541-4605 919 541-7792

hassett-sipple.beth@epa.gov stanek.lindsay@epa.gov

REQUESTED PM2.5 AND PM10-2.5 DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS

A. For multi-city studies evaluating mortality and/or morbidity effects associated with 

short-term PM2.5 

and/or PM10-2.5 concentrations, please provide the following:

o mean; 95th, 96th, 97th, 98th, and 99th percentile values; and minimum and maximum 

values (each as the average across modeled cities - e.g., average of the 98th percentile 

values across the cities evaluated)

o range (high to low) of city-specific 98th percentile values across all cities 

o where applicable, the above air quality information differentiated by:

 specific individual years, if multiple years were evaluated

 region, as defined in the study (e.g., east-west)

o for the highest reporting monitor within each city

98th and 99th percentile of the 24-hour concentrations for each city

 annual mean concentration for each city
average 98th and 99th

 percentile of 24-hour concentrations across cities

range (high to low) of 98th and 99th percentile concentrations across cities 

 where applicable, the above air quality information differentiated by:

 specific individual years, if multiple years were evaluated

 region, as defined in the study (e.g., east-west)

o the air quality monitors used, unless these monitors are identified already in the study 

publication

o for PM10-2.5 

studies, please provide the above information for PM10 also, if available

B. For single-city studies evaluating mortality and morbidity effects associated with short-term

PM2.5 ambient concentrations, please provide the following information:

o information requested in A above for the one city evaluated

C. For studies evaluating mortality and morbidity effects associated with long-term PM2.5

ambient concentrations, please provide the following:

o mean of the ambient PM2.5 mean concentrations across cities reported in the study for 

the time period evaluated in the study

o range (high-to-low) of the city-specific means across all cities or locations

o where applicable, the above air quality information differentiated by:

 specific individual years, if multiple years were evaluated

 season, as defined in the study

 region, as defined in the study (e.g., east-west)

o if your study considered air quality data from multiple monitors in a city, include the 

above information for the highest reporting monitor within each city

STUDY CITATIONS

Avol, E. L., W. J. Gauderman, et al. (2001). "Respiratory effects of relocating to areas of differing air pollution levels." Am J Respir

Crit Care Med 164(11): 2067-72.

Babin, S. M., H. S. Burkom, et al. (2007). "Pediatric patient asthma-related emergency department visits and admissions in 

Washington, DC, from 2001-2004, and associations with air quality, socio-economic status and age group." Environ Health 6: 9.

Basu, R., T. J. Woodruff, et al. (2004). "Comparing exposure metrics in the relationship between PM2.5 and birth weight in 

California." J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 14(5): 391-6.

Burnett et al. (1997). “Association between ozone and hospitalization for respiratory diseases in 16 Canadian cities.” Environ.

Research 72: 24-31. HERO id 082676

(Coarse only) Burnett RT; Smith-Doiron M; Stieb D; Cakmak S; Brook JR. (1999). Effects of particulate and gaseous 

pollution on cardiorespiratory hospitalizations. Arch Environ Occup Health, 54: 130-139. (HERO id 017269) 

(Coarse and PM2.5) Chen, L. H., S. F. Knutsen, et al. (2005). "The association between fatal coronary heart disease and ambient 

particulate air pollution: Are females at greater risk?" Environ Health Perspect 113(12): 1723-9. (contact: Dr. Synmore Knutsen) 

(HERO id 087942) 

Chen, Y., Q. Yang, et al. (2005). "The effect of coarse ambient particulate matter on first, second, and overall hospital admissions 

for respiratory disease among the elderly." Inhal Toxicol 17(12): 649-55.

Chen, Y., Q. Yang, et al. (2004). "Influence of relatively low level of particulate ar pollution on hospitalization for COPD in elderly 

people." Inhal Toxicol 16(1): 21-5. 

Chimonas, M. A. and B. D. Gessner (2007). "Airborne particulate matter from primarily geologic, non-industrial sources at levels 

below National Ambient Air Quality Standards is associated with outpatient visits for asthma and quick-relief medication 
prescriptions among children less than 20 years old enrolled in Medicaid in Anchorage, Alaska." Environ Res 103(3): 397-404.

Dales, R. (2004). "Ambient carbon monoxide may influence heart rate variability in subjects with coronary artery disease." J Occup

Environ Med 46(12): 1217-21.

Dales, R., L. Liu, et al. (2007). "Particulate air pollution and vascular reactivity: the bus stop study." International Archives of

Occupational and Environmental Health 81(2): 159-164.

Delfino, R. J., N. Staimer, et al. (2006). "Personal and ambient air pollution is associated with increased exhaled nitric oxide in 

children with asthma." Environ Health Perspect 114(11): 1736-43.

Delfino, R. J., N. Staimer, et al. (2008). "Personal and ambient air pollution exposures and lung function decrements in children with 

asthma." Environmental Health Perspectives 116(4): 550-558.

DeMeo, D. L., A. Zanobetti, et al. (2004). "Ambient air pollution and oxygen saturation." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 170(4): 383-7.

Dockery, D. W., H. Luttmann-Gibson, et al. (2005). "Association of air pollution with increased incidence of ventricular

tachyarrhythmias recorded by implanted cardioverter defibrillators." Environ Health Perspect 113(6): 670-4. (HERO 078995) 

Dominici, F., R. D. Peng, et al. (2007). "Particulate air pollution and mortality in the United States: did the risks change from 1987 to 

2000?" Am J Epidemiol 166(8): 880-8.

(Coarse only) Ebelt, S. T., W. E. Wilson, et al. (2005). "Exposure to ambient and nonambient components of particulate matter: a 

comparison of health effects." Epidemiology 16(3): 396-405. (Contact: Dr. Michael Brauer) 

Eftim, S. E., J. M. Samet, et al. (2008). "Fine particulate matter and mortality: a comparison of the six cities and American Cancer 

Society cohorts with a Medicare cohort." Epidemiology 19(2): 209-16. (contact Dr. Francesca Dominici) (HERO id 099104)

Enstrom, J. E. (2005). "Fine particulate air pollution and total mortality among elderly Californians, 1973-2002." Inhal Toxicol 17(14): 

803-16. (HERO id 087356) 

Fuentes, M., H. R. Song, et al. (2006). "Spatial association between speciated fine particles and mortality." Biometrics 62(3): 

855-63.

(Coarse and PM2.5) Fung, K. Y., S. Khan, et al. (2006). "Association between air pollution and multiple respiratory hospitalizations

among the elderly in Vancouver, Canada." Inhal Toxicol 18(13): 1005-11. (HERO id 089789)

Gauderman, W. J., E. Avol, et al. (2004). "The effect of air pollution on lung development from 10 to 18 years of age." N Engl J Med

351(11): 1057-67.

Gauderman, W. J., G. F. Gilliland, et al. (2002). "Association between air pollution and lung function growth in southern California

children: results from a second cohort." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 166(1): 76-84.

Gauderman, W. J., R. McConnell, et al. (2000). "Association between air pollution and lung function growth in southern California

children." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 162(4 Pt 1): 1383-90.

Gauderman, W. J., H. Vora, et al. (2007). "Effect of exposure to traffic on lung development from 10 to 18 years of age: a cohort 

study." Lancet 369(9561): 571-7.

Gent, J. F., E. W. Triche, et al. (2003). "Association of low-level ozone and fine particles with respiratory symptoms in children with 

asthma." JAMA 290(14): 1859-67.

Gent et al. (2009). “Symptoms and medication use in children with asthma and traffic-related sources of fine particle pollution.” 

Environ. Health Perspec. In press. Hero ID 180399

Gold, D. R., A. A. Litonjua, et al. (2005). "Air pollution and ST-segment depression in elderly subjects." Environ Health Perspect

113(7): 883-7.

Goss, C. H., S. A. Newsom, et al. (2004). "Effect of ambient air pollution on pulmonary exacerbations and lung function in cystic 

fibrosis." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 169(7): 816-21. (HERO 055624)

Hammoud, A., D. T. Carrell, et al. "Decreased sperm motility is associated with air pollution in Salt Lake City." Fertility and Sterility

In Press, Corrected Proof.

Holloman, C. H., S. M. Bortnick, et al. (2004). "A Bayesian hierarchical approach for relating PM(2.5) exposure to cardiovascular 

mortality in North Carolina." Environ Health Perspect 112(13): 1282-8.

Huynh, M., T. J. Woodruff, et al. (2006). "Relationships between air pollution and preterm birth in California." Paediatr Perinat

Epidemiol 20(6): 454-61.

Islam, T., W. J. Gauderman, et al. (2007). "Relationship between air pollution, lung function and asthma in adolescents." Thorax 62

(11): 957-63. (contact: Dr. Frank Gilliland)
Islam, T., R. McConnell, et al. (2007). "Ozone, Oxidant Defense Genes and Risk of Asthma During Adolescence." American

Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine: 200706. (Contact: Dr. Frank Gilliland)

Janes, H., F. Dominici, et al. (2007). "Trends in air pollution and mortality: an approach to the assessment of unmeasured 

confounding." Epidemiology 18(4): 416-23. (contact: Dr. Francesca Dominici)

Jansen, K. L., T. V. Larson, et al. (2005). "Associations between health effects and particulate matter and black carbon in subjects

with respiratory disease." Environmental health perspectives 113: 1741-1746. (Contact: Jane Koenig)

Jerrett, M., R. T. Burnett, et al. (2005). "Spatial analysis of air pollution and mortality in Los Angeles." Epidemiology 16(6): 727-36.

Kim, J. J., S. Smorodinsky, et al. (2004). "Traffic-related air pollution near busy roads: the East Bay Children's Respiratory Health 

Study." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 170(5): 520-6. (Contact: Dr, Bart Ostro) (HERO 087383)

Koenig, J. Q., K. Jansen, et al. (2003). "Measurement of offline exhaled nitric oxide in a study of community exposure to air 

pollution." Environmental Health Perspectives 111(13): 1625-9.

Koenig, J. Q., T. F. Mar, et al. (2005). "Pulmonary effects of indoor- and outdoor-generated particles in children with asthma." 

Environ Health Perspect 113(4): 499-503.

Kuenzli, N., M. Jerrett, et al. (2005). "Ambient air pollution and atherosclerosis in Los Angeles." Environ Health Perspect 113(2): 

201-6. 

Krewski, D et al. (2009). “Extended follow-up and spatial analysis of the American Cancer Society study linking particulate air 

pollution and mortality.” Health Effects Institute. Cambridge, MA. 140. (HERO id 191193) 

Lewis, T. C., T. G. Robins, et al. (2005). "Air pollution-associated changes in lung function among asthmatic children in Detroit." 

Environmental Health Perspectives 113(8): 1068-75.

(Coarse and PM2.5) Lin et al. (2005). “Coarse particulate matter and hospitalization for respiratory infections in children younger 

than 15 years in Toronto: a case-crossover analysis.” Pediatrics 116: 235-240. (HERO ID 087828) 

(Coarse and PM2.5) Lin et al. (2002). “The influence of ambient coarse particulate matter on asthma hospitalization in children: 

case-crossover and time-series analyses.” Environ. Health Persp. 110: 575-581. (Hero id 026067)

Lipfert, F., R. Wyzga, et al. (2006). "Traffic density as a surrogate measure of environmental exposures in studies of air pollution 

health effects: Long-term mortality in a cohort of US veterans." Atmospheric Environment 40: 154-169. 

Lipfert, FW et al. (2006). “PM2.5 constituents and related air quality variables as predictors of survival in a cohort of U.S. military 

veterans.” Inhal Toxicol, 18: 645-657. (HERO id 088756)

(Coarse and PM2.5) Lippmann, M. (2000). Environmental toxicants: Human exposures and their health effects. Hero id 024579

Lipsett, M. J., F. C. Tsai, et al. (2006). "Coarse particles and heart rate variability among older adults with coronary artery disease in 

the Coachella Valley, California." Environ Health Perspect 114(8): 1215-1220.

Lisabeth, L. D., J. D. Escobar, et al. (2008). "Ambient air pollution and risk for ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack." Ann

Neurol 64(1): 53-9. (HERO 155939) 

Liu, S., D. Krewski, et al. (2007). "Association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants during pregnancy and fetal

growth restriction." J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 17(5): 426-32.

Mar, T. F., J. Q. Koenig, et al. (2005). "Fine particulate air pollution and cardiorespiratory effects in the elderly." Epidemiology 16(5): 

681-7. (Contact: Dr. Jane Koenig) 

(Coarse and PM2.5) Mar, T. F., T. V. Larson, et al. (2004). "An analysis of the association between respiratory symptoms in

subjects with asthma and daily air pollution in Spokane, Washington." Inhal Toxicol 16(13): 809-15. (Contact: Dr. Jane Koenig) 

(HERO id 057309) 

McConnell, R., K. Berhane, et al. (1999). "Air pollution and bronchitic symptoms in southern California children with asthma." 

Environmental Health Perspectives 107(9): 757-760.

McConnell, R., K. Berhane, et al. (2003). "Prospective study of air pollution and bronchitic symptoms in children with asthma." Am J

Respir Crit Care Med 168(7): 790-7. (HERO 049490)

McConnell, R., K. Berhane, et al. (2006). "Dog ownership enhances symptomatic responses to air pollution in children with 

asthma." Environmental health perspectives 114(12): 1910.

(Coarse only) McCormack, M. C., P. N. Breysse, et al. (2009). "In-Home Particle Concentrations and Childhood Asthma 

Morbidity." Environmental health perspectives 117(2): 294. (Contact: Dr Gregory Dietle)

Meng, Y. Y., M. Wilhelm, et al. (2007). "Traffic and outdoor air pollution levels near residences and poorly controlled asthma in 
adults." Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 98(5): 455-63.

(Coarse only) Metzger, K. B., P. E. Tolbert, et al. (2004). "Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular emergency department visits." 

Epidemiology 15(1): 46-56. (Contact: Dr. Paige Tolbert) hero 044222

(Coarse only) Metzger et al. (2007). “Ambient air pollution and cardiac arrhythmias in patients with implantable defibrillators.” 

Epidemiology 18 (5): 585-592. HERO ID 092856

Millstein, J., F. Gilliland, et al. (2004). "Effects of ambient air pollutants on asthma medication use and wheezing among 

fourth-grade school children from 12 Southern California communities enrolled in The Children's Health Study." Arch Environ Health

59(10): 505-14.

Moolgavkar, SH. (2003). “Air pollution and daily deaths and hospital admissions in Los Angeles and Cook counties.” Health Effects

Institute 183-198. HERO id 042864

O’Connor et al. (2008). “Acute respiratory health effects of air pollution on children with asthma in US inner cities.” J. of Allergy and

Clinical Immunology 121: 1133-1139 e1131. HERO id 156818

O'Neill, M. S., A. Veves, et al. (2007). "Air pollution and inflammation in type 2 diabetes: a mechanism for susceptibility." Occup

Environ Med 64(6): 373-379.

O'Neill, M. S., A. Veves, et al. (2005). "Diabetes enhances vulnerability to particulate air pollution-associated impairment in vascular 

reactivity and endothelial function." Circulation 111(22): 2913-20.

Parker, J. D., T. J. Woodruff, et al. (2005). "Air pollution and birth weight among term infants in California." Pediatrics 115(1): 121-8.

(Coarse only) Peel, J. L., P. E. Tolbert, et al. (2005). "Ambient air pollution and respiratory emergency department visits." 

Epidemiology 16(2): 164-74. (HERO id 056305)

(Coarse only) Peng et al. (2008). “Coarse particulate matter air pollution and hospital admissions

cardiovascular respiratory diseases among Medicare patients.” ( HERO id 156850)

Peters, A., D. W. Dockery, et al. (2001). "Increased particulate air pollution and the triggering of myocardial infarction

Circulation 103(23): 2810-5 

(Coarse only) Peters, A., D. W. Dockery, et al. (2001). "Increased particulate air pollution and the triggering of myocardial

infarction." Circulation 103(23): 2810-5. (HERO id 016546)

Peters, J. M., E. Avol, et al. (1999). "A study of twelve Southern California communities with differing levels and types of air

pollution. I. Prevalence of respiratory morbidity." Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159(3): 760-7.

Pope, C. A., 3rd, R. T. Burnett, et al. (2004). "Cardiovascular mortality and long-term exposure to particulate air pollution: 

epidemiological evidence of general pathophysiological pathways of disease." Circulation 109(1): 71-7.

Pope, C. A., M. L. Hansen, et al. (2004). "Ambient particulate air pollution, heart rate variability, and blood markers of inflammation 

in a panel of elderly subjects." Environ Health Perspect 112: 339-345.

Pope, C. A., 3rd, J. B. Muhlestein, et al. (2006). "Ischemic heart disease events triggered by short-term exposure to fine particulate 

air pollution." Circulation 114(23): 2443-8. (HERO id 091246)

Pope et al. (2008). “Relation of heart failure hospitalization to exposure to fine particulate air pollution.” Amer. J. of Cardiology 102 

(9): 1230-1234. (HERO id 191969)

Rich, D. Q., M. H. Kim, et al. (2006). "Association of ventricular arrhythmias detected by implantable cardioverter defibrillator and

ambient air pollutants in the St Louis, Missouri metropolitan area." Occup Environ Med 63(9): 591-6. (Contact: Dr. Doug Dockery) 

(HERO id 089814) 

Rich, D. Q., J. Schwartz, et al. (2005). "Association of short-term ambient air pollution concentrations and ventricular arrhythmias." 

Am J Epidemiol 161(12): 1123-32. (Contact: Dr. Doug Dockery)

Rich, K. E., J. Petkau, et al. (2004). "A case-crossover analysis of particulate air pollution and cardiac arrhythmia in patients with 

implantable cardioverter defibrillators." Inhal Toxicol 16(6-7): 363-72. (Contact: Dr. Michael Brauer) (HERO id 055631) 

Ritz, B., M. Wilhelm, et al. (2007). "Ambient air pollution and preterm birth in the environment and pregnancy outcomes study at the

University of California, Los Angeles." Am J Epidemiol 166(9): 1045-52.

Rosenthal, F. S., J. P. Carney, et al. (2008). "Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and airborne fine particulate matter: a case-crossover 

analysis of emergency medical services data in Indianapolis, Indiana." Environ Health Perspect 116(5): 631-6.

Rundell, K. W., J.R. Hoffman, R. Caviston, R. Bulbulian, A.M. Hollenbach (2007). "Inhalation of ultrafine and fine particulate matter 

disrupts systemic vascular function." Inhalation Toxicology 19: 133-140.

Schwartz, J., S. K. Park, et al. (2005). "Glutathione-S-Transferase M1, Obesity, Statins, and Autonomic Effects of Particles: 
Gene-by-Drug-by-Environment Interaction." Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 172(12): 1529-1533.

(Coarse only) Sheppard L. (2003). Ambient air pollution and nonelderly asthma hospital admissions in Seattle, Washington, 

1987-1994. (HERO id 042826) 

Silkoff, P. E., L. Zhang, et al. (2005). "Winter air pollution and disease parameters in advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary 

disease panels residing in Denver, Colorado." J Allergy Clin Immunol 115(2): 337-44.

(Coarse only) Slaughter, J. C., E. Kim, et al. (2005). "Association between particulate matter and emergency room visits, hospital 

admissions and mortality in Spokane, Washington." J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 15(2): 153-9. (Contact: Dr. Lianne Sheppard) 

(HERO 073854) 

Slaughter, J. C., T. Lumley, et al. (2003). "Effects of ambient air pollution on symptom severity and medication use in children with 

asthma." Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 91(4): 346-53. (Contact: Dr. Lianne Sheppard)

Sullivan, J., N. Ishikawa, et al. (2003). "Exposure to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter and Primary Cardiac Arrest among Persons 

With and Without Clinically Recognized Heart Disease." Am. J. Epidemiol. 157(6): 501-509. (HERO 043156) 

Sullivan, J., L. Sheppard, et al. (2005). "Relation between short-term fine-particulate matter exposure and onset of myocardial 

infarction." Epidemiology 16(1): 41-8. (HERO 050854) 

Sullivan, J. H., R. Hubbard, et al. (2007). "A community study of the effect of particulate matter on blood measures of inflammation

and thrombosis in an elderly population." Environ Health 6: 3. 

Symons, J. M., L. Wang, et al. (2006). "A Case-Crossover Study of Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Onset of Congestive 

Heart Failure Symptom Exacerbation Leading to Hospitalization." Am J Epidemiol. (contact: Dr. A. Geyh) (HERO 091258) 

(Coarse only) Tolbert, P. E., M. Klein, et al. (2007). "Multipollutant modeling issues in a study of ambient air quality and 

emergency department visits in Atlanta." J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 17: S29-S35. (HERO id 090316) 

Trenga, C. A., J. H. Sullivan, et al. (2006). "Effect of particulate air pollution on lung function in adult and pediatric subjects in a 

Seattle panel study." Chest 129(6): 1614-22.

Villeneuve, P. J., R. T. Burnett, et al. (2003). "A time-series study of air pollution, socioeconomic status, and mortality in Vancouver, 

Canada." J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 13(6): 427-35.

Villeneuve, P. J., L. Chen, et al. (2006). "Associations between outdoor air pollution and emergency department visits for stroke in

Edmonton, Canada." Eur J Epidemiol 21(9): 689-700. (HERO id 090191) 

Wellenius, G. A., G. Y. Yeh, et al. (2007). "Effects of ambient air pollution on functional status in patients with chronic congestive 

heart failure: a repeated-measures study." Environ Health 6: 26.

Wheeler, A., A. Zanobetti, et al. (2006). "The relationship between ambient air pollution and heart rate variability differs for 

individuals with heart and pulmonary disease." Environ Health Perspect 114(4): 560-6. (Contact: Dr. Helen Suh)

Wilhelm, M. and B. Ritz (2005). "Local variations in CO and particulate air pollution and adverse birth outcomes in Los Angeles 

County, California, USA." Environ Health Perspect 113(9): 1212-21. (Contact: Dr. B. Ritz)

Woodruff, T. J., L. A. Darrow, et al. (2008). "Air pollution and postneonatal infant mortality in the United States, 1999-2002." Environ

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191970)

Beth

Beth M. Hassett-Sipple 

Environmental Health Scientist

Ambient Standards Group (C504-06)

Health and Environmental Impacts Division

Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

109 TW Alexander Drive

RTP, NC 27711

(919) 541-4605

Hassett-Sipple.Beth@epa.gov

(919) 541-0237 (FAX)