( Adopted: 06/22/94; Amended: 09/28/09)

MDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-1 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs 

# RULE 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs

(A) General (1) Purpose (a) To reduce emissions of Volatile Organic Compoun ds (VOC) from Graphic Arts Printing Operations, Digital Printing Operatio ns, and Paper, Film, Foil or Fabric Coating Operations. (2) Applicability (a) This rule is applicable to any Graphic Arts Pri nting Operations, Digital Printing Operations, and Paper, Film, Foil or Fabri c Coating Operation and to the Solvent cleaning materials and processes associated with such Operations. (b) This rule is applicable to any person who manuf actures any Ink, Coating, or Adhesive containing VOC which is sold, offered f or sale, or supplied for use in Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and F abric Coating Operations in the District. 

### (B) Definitions For the purposes of this rule, the following defini tions shall apply: (1) “Adhesive ” – A material that is applied for the primary purp ose of bonding two surfaces together by surface attachment. Adhesives may be used to facilitate the attachment of two surfaces or substances in varying degrees of permanence. (2) “Aerosol Product ” – A hand-held, non-refillable container that expe ls a pressurized Solvent-containing product by means of a Propellant induced force. (3) “Application Equipment ” – A device, including, but not limited to, a spra y gun, brush, roller, and a printing press, used to apply Adhesives, Coatings, or Inks. (4) “Bench Scale Project ” – A project (other than at a Research and Develop ment facility) that is operated on a small scale, such a s one capable of being located on a laboratory bench top. (5) “Blanket ” – A synthetic rubber mat used to transfer or ”off set” an image from a printing plate to paper or other substrate, commonl y used in Offset Lithography.1117-2 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (6) “Blanket Repair Material ” – The material used in Offset Lithographic Printi ng to correct low spots in the press Blanket. (7) “Blanket Wash ” – A Solvent used to remove Ink from the Blanket o f a press. (8) “California Air Resources Board (CARB) ” – The California State Air Resources Board the powers and duties of which are described in Part 2 of Division 26 of the California Health & Safety Code (commencing with Se ction 39500). (9) “Capture Efficiency (CE) ” – In percent, is the ratio of the weight of the V OC in the effluent stream entering the Control Device to the weight of VOC emitted from the Operation, both measured simultaneously, a nd can be calculated by the following equation:

100 ×      

=

e c W W Efficiency Capture

Where:

W c = weight of VOC entering Control Device W e = weight of VOC emitted from the Operation (10) “Coating ” – The application of a uniform layer of material across the entire width of a substrate. Those machines which have both Coa ting and printing units should be considered as performing a printing Opera tion. Coating applications that are not performed in association with a printi ng Operation are considered Coating Operations and are not Graphic Arts Printin g Operations. (11) “Coating Line ” –A series of Coating applicators, flash-off areas , and any associated curing/drying equipment between one or m ore unwind/feed stations and one or more rewind/cutting stations. (12) “Control Device ” – Equipment such as an incinerator or adsorber, o r cooler/condenser filtration used to prevent air pol lutants from being emitted into the atmosphere. (13) “Control Device Efficiency ” – In percent, is the ratio of the weight of the V OC removed by the Control Device from the effluent str eam entering the Control Device to the weight of the VOC in the effluent str eam entering the Control Device, both measured simultaneously, and can be ca lculated by the following equation: 

## ( ) 100 ×      

− =

c

d c W W W Efficiency Device ControlMDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-3

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs

Where:

W c = Weight of VOC entering Control Device W d = Weight of VOC discharged from the Control Device (14) “Conventional Printing Operations ” – Those printing Operations that utilize physical masters, stencils, screens or plates durin g the printing process. Conventional Printing Operations use technologies i ncluding but not limited to Offset Lithographic, Flexographic, Gravure, Letterp ress, and Screen Printing. (15) “Cured Adhesive, Cured Coating, or Cured Ink ” – An Adhesive, Coating, or Ink that is dry to the touch. (16) “Die Coater (or Slit Coater) ” – A type of Application Equipment that coats an object by flowing Coatings through a slit directly onto the object moving past the slit. (17) “Digital Printer ” – A printing device that uses a computer-driven m achine to transfer an electronic image to a substrate through the use of Inks, toners, or other graphic materials. Digital printing technologies i nclude, but are not limited to, various forms of Ink Jet, Thermography, Electrophot ography, Ionography, and Magnetography. (18) “Digital Printing Operations ” – Those Operations that do not use a physical master, stencils, or plates but use digital data to control the deposition of Ink, toner, or dye to create images. (19) “Dip Coater ” – A type of Application Equipment that coats an o bject by submerging the object in a vat of Coating, and subs equently withdrawing the object and draining off the excess Coating. (20) “Doctor Blade ” – A steel blade used to scrape excess Ink from a printing plate or inking cylinder. (21) “Dryer ” – A hot air, high velocity system used to dry Ink s on printed or coated substrate. (22) “Dye Sublimation ” – An imaging process that vaporizes colorant with heat and pressure, and deposits it onto a substrate in order to simulate a continuous tone image. Dye Sublimation is a digital printing techn ology. (23) “Electron Beam Ink ” – Ink that, when exposed to electron energy, cros slinks or solidifies in milliseconds. (24) “Electron Charge Deposition Printing ” – See Ionography1117-4 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (25) “Electrophotograpy ” – A digital printing technology that works by rec ording an image on a drum in the form of an electrostatic cha rge, which is then transferred to the substrate. Electrophotography includes such technologies as laser printers, xerography, and Liquid Electrophotography. (26) “Electrostatic Application ” – A method of applying Coating whereby atomized paint droplets are charged and subsequently deposit ed on the substrate by electrostatic attraction. (27) “Exempt Compound ” – Those compounds listed in 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 51.100(s)(1). (28) “Extreme Performance Ink/Coating ” – An Ink or Coating used in Screen Printing on a Non-Porous Substrate that is designed to resis t or withstand any of the following: (a) More than two years of outdoor exposure; or (b) Exposure to industrial-grade chemicals, Solvent s, acids, detergents, oil products, cosmetics, temperatures exceeding 170oF, vacuum-forming, embossing or molding. (29) “Fabric Coating ” – Any decorative or protective Coating or reinfor cing material applied or impregnated into textile fabric, vinyl c oated textile fabric, or vinyl sheets. (30) “Film Coating ” – A Coating applied in a Web Coating process on a ny film substrate other than paper or fabric, including but not limited to typewriter ribbons, photographic film, magnetic tape, and meta l foil gift wrap, but excluding Coatings applied to packaging used exclusively for food and health care products for human or animal consumption. (31) “Fine Arts Painting ” – Any unique visual representation, consisting of paint, Ink, or other media, hand applied to a substrate of canv as, wood, paper, metal, or other material. (32) “Flexible Packaging ” – Any package or part of a package the shape of w hich can readily be changed. Flexible Packaging includes, b ut is not limited to, bags, pouches, liners, and wraps utilizing paper, plastic , film, aluminum foil, metalized or coated paper or film, or any combination of thes e materials. (33) “Flexographic Printing ” – The application of words, designs, or pictures to a substrate by means of a roll printing technique in which the pattern is applied to an image carrier made of rubber or other elastomeri c material. The image to be printed is raised above the carrier surface, while the non-image area is not raised.MDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-5

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (34) “Flow Coater ” – A Coating application system with no air suppli ed to the nozzle and where paint flows over the part and the excess Coating drains back into the collection system. (35) “Foam Coater ” – A Coating application system that coats an obje ct by flowing foam through holes or a slit directly onto the obje ct moving underneath it. (36) “Foil Coating ” – A Coating applied in a Web Coating process on a ny foil substrate other than paper or fabric, including but not limited to typewriter ribbons, photographic film, magnetic tape, and meta l foil gift wrap, but excluding Coatings applied to packaging used exclusively for food and health care products for human and animal consumption. (37) “Fountain Solution ” – Solution composed mainly of water and contains at least one of the following materials: etchants such as mi neral salts; hydrophilic gums; or other additives, which is applied to the image p late to maintain the hydrophilic properties of the non-image areas. (38) “Fugitive Emissions ” – Uncollected emissions of VOC from any portion o f the printing, Coating or Laminating Operation other tha n from the Dryer. (39) “Grams of VOC per Liter of Ink, Coating, Adhes ive, or Wash Primer Less Water and Less Exempt Compounds (VOC Content) ” – The weight of VOCs emitted during use, Coating, curing or drying per combined volume of VOC and of Ink, Coating, Adhesive, or Wash Primer solids and can be calculated by the following equation:

( ) 

## ( ) ( )      

−

− − − =

es w m es w s compounds exempt and water less V V V W W W Coating of Liter VOC Grams

Where:

W s = weight of volatile compounds, in grams W w = weight of water, in grams W es = weight of Exempt Compounds, in grams V m = volume of material, in liters V w = volume of water, in liters V es = volume of Exempt Compounds, in liters (40) “Grams of VOC Per Liter of Material ” – The weight of VOC per volume of material and to be calculated by the following equa tion: 

## ( ) 

    

− − =

m es w s V W W W Material of Liter per VOC of Grams1117-6 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs Where:

W s = weight of volatile compounds, in grams W w = weight of water, in grams W es = weight of Exempt Compounds, in grams V m = volume of materials, in liters (41) “Graphic Arts Coating ” – The application of a uniform layer of material across the entire width of a substrate. Those machines which perform both Coating and printing should be considered as performing a print ing Operation. For purposes of this rule, digital printing is not considered a Gra phic Arts Coating Operation. (42) “Graphic Arts Printing Operations ” – Those Operations employing Conventional Printing Operations, or any Coating or Laminating p rocess associated with Conventional Printing Operations to produce publish ed products and packages. Solvent cleaning Operations performed in order to p roduce published products and packages are considered to be part of Graphic A rts Printing Operations. (43) “Gravure Printing ” – An Intaglio Printing Operation in which the Ink is transferred from minute etched wells on a cylinder to the substrate, which is supported by an impression roller, with excess Ink removed from the cylinder by a Doctor Blade. (44) “Hand Application Method ” – A method of applying a Coating to a substrate using manually held, non-mechanically operated equi pment. Such equipment includes paintbrushes, hand rollers, caulking guns, trowels, spatulas, syringe daubers, rags, and sponges. (45) “Heatset Ink ” – A quick-drying Ink in which the Solvents are va porized by passing the printed surface through a heater or Ove n. (46) “High-Volume, Low-Pressure (HVLP) Spray Equipm ent ” – Equipment used to apply materials by means of a spray gun which is de signed and intended to be operated, and which is operated, between 0.1 and 10 .0 psig of air atomizing pressure, measured dynamically at the center of the air cap and the air horns. (47) “Ink ” – A pigmented and/or dyed liquid or paste used in a graphic arts operation typically for printing, impressing, or transferring an image onto a substrate. (48) “Ink Jet ” – A digital printing technology in which Ink is e jected through printheads onto a substrate to create an image. (49) “Intaglio Printing ” – Printing done from a plate or cylinder in which the image is sunk below (etched or engraved into) the surface. (50) “Ion Deposition Printing ” – See IonographyMDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-7

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (51) “Ionography ” – A Digital Printing technology that utilizes a d irected array of ions to create a charge on a nonconductive surface to cr eate an image. Ionography can also be known as ion deposition or electron charge deposition printing. (52) “Key System Operating Parameters ” – Those parameters necessary to ensure compliance with (C)(6), including, but not limited to, temperature, pressure drop, and air flow rate. (53) “Lamination ” – A process of bonding two or more layers of mate rial to form a single, multiple-layer sheet by using an Adhesive. (54) “Letterpress Printing ” – A printing method where the image area is raise d relative to the non-image area and the Ink is transferred to the paper directly from the image surface. (55) “Line ” – The minimum equipment which is required for the application, drying, and/or curing of Inks, Ultraviolet Inks, and/or Coa tings on a substrate, including the Ink and/or Coating applicators and drying syste ms, and associated Ink and Coating agitation and delivery systems. (56) “Liquid Leak ” – A visible Solvent leak from a container at a ra te of more than three drops per minute, or a visible liquid mist. (57) “Liquid Electrophotography (LEP) ” – A digital printing technology that records a latent electrostatic image on a photoconductive sur face, such as a drum or belt. The image created by applying toner to the charged areas of the photoconductor is electrically transferred to an intermediate surface . In a second transfer process, the image is released from the Blanket surface to t he final substrate, cooling rapidly as the substrate passes between the Blanket and an impression drum, causing the image to “peel off” the Blanket and be affixed to the substrate. This Operation repeats itself on the one printing statio n for every color separation in the image. (58) “Lithographic Printing ” – Printing by a planographic method in which the image and non-image areas are on the same plane. (59) “Magnetography ” – A digital printing technology whereby an image is printed using a magnetic toner, electromagnetic write heads , and magnetic fields on an imaging drum. (60) “Maintenance Cleaning ” – A Solvent cleaning Operation or activity carrie d out to keep tools, machinery, equipment (excluding Ink, Co ating, or Adhesive Application Equipment) or general work areas in cle an and good operational condition.1117-8 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (61) “Manufacturing Process ” – The process of making goods or articles by hand or by machine. (62) “Matte Finish Ink ” – A Specialty Ink which is applied on Non-Porous Substrates in Flexographic Printing Operations and contains at least five percent by weight silicon dioxide flattening agent. (63) “Metallic Finish Ink ” – A Ink which is applied on Non-Porous Substrates in Flexographic Printing Operations and contains at le ast 28 percent by weight elemental metal particles. (64) “Metallic Ink ” – A Specialty Ink containing at least 50 grams of elemental metal particles per liter of Ink (0.4 lb/gal) as applied and which is not used in the manufacture of an electronic circuit. (65) “Non-Absorbent Container ” – A container made of non-porous material that do es not allow the migration of Solvents through it. (66) “Non-Atomized Solvent Flow ” – Solvents in the form of a liquid stream without the introduction of any Propellant. (67) “Non-Heatset Ink ” – An Ink which dries by oxidation and/or absorpti on into the substrate without use of heat from Dryers or Ovens. (68) “Non-Leaking Container ” – A container without Liquid Leak. (69) “Non-Porous ” – Any substrate whose surface prevents penetratio n by water, including but not limited to foil, polyethylene, po lypropylene, cellophane, metalized polyester, nylon, and polyethylene tereph thalate (mylar), paper or paperboard coated with non-porous surface. Clay co ated printing paper as defined by the American Paper Institute Classification Syst em, and paperboard coated with clay to prevent water penetration, shall be co nsidered Non-Porous. (70) “Offset Lithographic Printing ” – A planographic method in which the image and non-image areas are on the same plane and where the Ink is transferred from an image plate on one cylinder to an image Blanket on a different cylinder. The Ink is finally transferred from the image Blanket to the s urface to be printed. (71) “On-Press Component ” – A part, component, or accessory of a press that is cleaned while still being physically attached to th e press. (72) “Operation ” – Any physical action resulting in a change in th e location, form, or physical properties of a material, or any chemical action resulting in a change in the chemical composition or the chemical or physica l properties of a material. (73) “Operator ” – Includes but is not limited to any person who o wns, leases, supervises, or operates a facility and/or equipment

.MDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-9

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (74) “Oven ” – A heating chamber which uses heat, ultraviolet (UV) radiation, or electron beam (EB) radiation to bake, cure, polymer ize, or dry a surface Coating. (75) “Packaging Gravure ” – Gravure Printing on paper, paperboard, foil, fi lm or other substrates which are to be used to produce containe rs or packages. (76) “Pantone Ink ” – An Ink created for color matching by combinatio n of Process Inks. (77) “Paper Coating ” – Any Coating applied on or impregnated into pape r, including, but not limited to, Adhesive tapes and labels, book covers, post cards, office copier paper, drafting paper, and pressure sensitiv e tapes. (78) “Plastisizer ” – A material used to keep plastic material soft a nd viscous. (79) “Plastisol ” – A Coating that is a liquid dispersion of small particles of resins and Plastisizers that are fused to become a plastic. (80) “Porous ” – A substrate whose surface does not prevent pene tration by water, including but not limited to, paper, paperboard, an d any paper product coated with a porous material. (81) “Process Ink ” – The hues yellow, magenta, and cyan, plus black used in the fourcolor print process. (82) “Proof Press ” – A press used only for printing a sample copy of a graphic art product to check the quality of print, color reprod uction and editorial content. (83) “Propellant ” – Any gas, including air, in a pressure container for expelling the contents when the pressure is released. (84) “Publication Gravure ” – Gravure Printing on a substrate which is subseq uently formed into books, magazines, catalogues, brochures , directories, newspaper supplements or other types of printed material. (85) “Removable Press Component ” – A part, component, or accessory of a press that is physically attached to the press but is disassem bled and removed from the press prior to being cleaned. Rollers, Blankets, meterin g rollers, fountains, impression cylinders and plates shall not be considered as Rem ovable Press Components. (86) “Repair Process ” – The process of returning a damaged object or an object not operating properly to good condition.1117-10 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (87) “Research and Development ” – A facility or portion thereof used to further t he development of useful materials, devices, systems, or methods, including, but not limited to, design, development, and improvement of prototypes and processes. Research and Development does not include the Manuf acturing Process itself. (88) “Resists ” – Inks that are Screen Printed to form the requir ed patterns, alphabets, numerals, designs, or symbols on the surface of the substrate; protect the Screen Printed or covered surface from the subsequent appl ication of etching or plating solution; and are later removed from the substrate by a resist stripper. Resist applications include, but are not limited to, etche d electronic circuits, display screens, chemical milling of parts, nameplates and signage. (89) “Roll Coater ” – A type of Application Equipment in which a seri es of mechanical rollers form a thin Coating film on the surface of a roller, which is subsequently applied to a substrate by moving the substrate unde rneath the roller. (90) “Roller Wash ” – A Solvent used to remove Ink from the rollers o f a press. (91) “Screen Printing ” – A process where the Ink passes through a Web or a fabric to which a refined form of stencil has been applied. The stencil openings determine the form and dimensions of the imprint. (92) “Screen Printing Metallic Ink ” – An Ink used in Screen Printing that contains greater than 50 grams of elemental metal per liter (0.4 lb/gal) of Ink as applied. (93) “Sign Ink/Coating ” – An Ink or Coating used in Screen Printing indoo r and outdoor signs (excluding structural components) and murals, including lettering enamels, poster colors, copy blockers, and bulletin enamels. (94) “Slit Coater ” – See Die Coater (95) “Solvent ” – Any liquid containing a volatile organic compou nd or combination of volatile organic compounds, which is used as a dilu ent, thinner, dissolver, viscosity reducer, cleaning agent, or for other sim ilar uses. (96) “Solvent Flushing ” – The use of a Solvent to remove uncured Adhesive s, uncured Inks, uncured Coatings, or contaminants from the in ternal surfaces and passages of equipment by flushing Solvent, by a Non-Atomized Solvent Flow, through the equipment. (97) “Specialty Flexographic Printing ” – A Flexographic Printing on polyethylene or polypropylene food packaging, fertilizer bags, or l iquid-tight food containers. (98) “Specialty Gravure Printing ” – Printing that uses the gravure process for production of wall and floor covering, decorated ho usehold paper products such as towels and tissues, cigarette filter tips, vinyl upholstery, woodgrains, and a wide variety of other products.MDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-11

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (99) “Specialty Ink ” – An Ink that is applied only on Non-Porous Subst rates in Flexographic Printing Operations, and is either: (a) A Metallic Ink that contains at least 28 percen t elemental metallic powder, by weight; or (b) A Matte Finish Ink containing at least 5 percen t silicon dioxide flattening agent, by weight. (100) “Stripping ” – The use of Solvent to remove material such as C ured Adhesives, Cured Inks, cured or dried paint, cured or dried pa int residue or temporary protective Coating. (101) “Substrate Retention Factor ” – A fraction, expressed in percent, of VOCs in lithographic Inks which is retained in the substrat e when the Inks dry by adsorption or absorption. (102) “Surface Preparation ” – The removal of contaminants from a surface prio r to the application of Coatings, Inks, or Adhesives or befo re proceeding to the next step of a Manufacturing Process. (103) “Thermography ” – A digital printing technology that creates an i mage via a chemical reaction that occurs when portions of a th ermal-coated substrate are subjected to heat. Thermographic technologies incl ude but are not limited to thermal wax transfer, multi-bit thermal wax transfe r, and Dye Sublimation. (104) “Thin Film UV Ink ” – An Ultraviolet Ink for which <0.2 g will cover an area of ≥ 225 cm 2 (35 in 2 ), using the following formula:

c D A F C × × =

Where:

A = area of substrate in cm 2 (or in 2 ) C = amount of Ink added to the substrate in g D c = density of Ink in g/cm 3 (or g/in 3 ) F = manufacturer’s recommended film thickness in cm (or in) (105) “Thinner ” – A Solvent that is used to dilute Coatings or In ks to reduce viscosity, color strength, and/or solids, or to modify drying conditions. (106) “Ultraviolet (UV) Ink ” – An Ink which dries by polymerization reaction b y ultraviolet or electron beam radiation. (107) “USEPA ” – The United States Environmental Protection Agen cy, the Administrator of the USEPA and his or her authorize d representative.1117-12 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (108) “Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)” – Any compound of carbon, excluding carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, carbonic acid, met allic carbides or carbonates, and ammonium carbonate, which participates in atmos pheric photochemical reactions and those compounds listed in 40 CFR 51.1 00(s)(1). (109) “Wash Primer ” – A material used to clean and/or to activate sur faces of paper or fabric that contains no more than 5 percent, by wei ght, solid materials. (110) “Waste Solvent Material ” – Any Solvent which may contain dirt, oil, metal particles, sludge, and/or waste products, or wiping material containing VOCs including, but not limited to, paper, cloth, sponge , rag, or cotton swab used in Solvent cleaning. (111) “Water Slide Decal ” – A decal that is Screen Printed onto treated pap er stock and is removable from the stock by the dissolution of a n underlying water- soluble Adhesive or similar carrier. (112) “Web ” – A continuous sheet of substrate. (113) “Web Feed ” – An automatic system which supplies substrate fr om a Web. (114) “Web Splicing Adhesive ” – An Adhesive used to join two continuous rolls o f substrate materials. (115) “Wipe Cleaning ” – A Solvent cleaning activity performed by hand r ubbing an absorbent material such as a rag, paper, sponge, br ush, or cotton swab containing Solvent.



### (C) Requirements (1) Graphic Arts Printing Operation (a) An Operator performing a Graphic Arts Operation , not subject to (C)(2), (C)(3), (C)(4), and (C)(5), shall not use graphic a rts materials containing VOC in excess of the limits in Table 1 and Table 2, in accordance with the effective date.MDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-13

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs Table 1 VOC Content Limits for Inks, Coatings and Adhesives

Material Grams of VOC per liter

(lb/gal), less water and less exempt compounds, as applied, effective through July 31, 2010 Grams of VOC per liter (lb/gal), less water and less Exempt Compounds, as applied, effective on and after August 1, 2010 Flexographic Ink on Porous Substrates 300 (2.5) 225 (1.88) All other Inks 300 (2.5) 300 (2.5) Coatings 300 (2.5) 300 (2.5) Adhesives 300 (2.5) 150 (1.25) Web Splicing Adhesives 300 (2.5) 150 (1.25)

Table 2 VOC Content Limits for Fountain Solutions Fountain Solution Percent VOC by volume, effective on and after August 1, 2010 Heatset Web Offset Lithographic 1.6 Coldset Web Offset Lithographic 5.0 Sheet-fed Offset Lithographic with maximum sheet size greater than 11 x 17 inches 5.0 All other presses 8.0 (2) Flexographic Specialty Ink (a) An Operator using a Flexographic Printing Opera tion shall not use a Specialty Ink in excess of the VOC limit in Table 3 , and shall not use more than two (2) gallons of Specialty Inks in a calenda r day and 120 gallons of Specialty Inks in a calendar year.1117-14 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs Table 3 VOC Content Limits for Flexographic Specialty Ink

Material Grams of VOC per liter (lb/gal), less water and less exempt compounds, as applied, effective on and after August 1, 2010 Metallic Ink 460 (3.8) Matte Finish Ink 535 (4.5) Metallic Ink and Matte Finish Ink on Flexible Package Printing 383 (3.2)

(b) On and after August 1, 2010, facilities with th e potential to emit or with actual emissions of at least 10 tons VOC in any cal endar year shall not use Specialty Inks with VOC content greater than 300 gr ams VOC per liter, less water and Exempt Compounds, as applied. (3) Coldset Web Offset Lithographic Fountain Soluti on (a) On and after August 1, 2010, an Operator perfor ming coldset Web Offset Lithographic Printing shall use Fountain Solution t hat is five percent alcohol substitute or less, by weight, and shall ha ve no alcohol in the Fountain Solution. (4) Screen Printing Operation (a) An Operator using a Screen Printing Operation s hall not use graphic arts materials in excess of the VOC content limits, as a pplied, in Table 4.

Table 4 VOC Content Limits for Screen Printing Inks, Coatin gs, and Adhesives

Material Grams of VOC per liter (lb/gal), less

water and less Exempt Compounds on and after August 1, 2010 Inks and Coatings, including Extreme Performance, Metallic and Sign/Ink 400 (3.3) Adhesives 150 (1.25) Resists 600 (5.0) (5) Paper, Film, Foil, or Fabric Coating Operations (a) An Operator using a Paper, Film, Foil, or Fabri c Coating Operation shall not use any Coating or Wash Primer in excess of the VOC content limits, as applied, in Table 5.MDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-15

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs Table 5

VOC Content Limits of Paper, Film, Foil, or Fabric Coating and Wash Primer

Material VOC Content Limit,

effective through July 31,

2010 VOC Content Limit,

effective on and after August 1, 2010

Coating 300 gm/liter (2.5 lb/gal)

of Coating, less water and less Exempt Compounds 265 gm/liter (2.2 lb/gal)

of Coating, less water and less Exempt Compounds

Wash Primer 300 gm/liter (2.5 lb/gal)

of Coating, less water and less Exempt Compounds 265 gm/liter (2.2 lb/gal)

of Coating, less water and less Exempt Compounds Plastisols

__ 20 gm/liter (0.16 lb/gal)

(b) On and after August 1, 2010, an Operator perfor ming pressure sensitive tape and label surface Coating Operations shall not use any VOC content materials or combinations of materials that exceed a VOC content of either 0.20 kg of VOC/kg of solids (0.20 lb VOC/lb of soli ds), as applied, or an additional limit of 0.067 kg VOC/kg of Coating (0.0 67 lb of VOC/lb of Coating), as applied. (6) Approved VOC Emission Control System (a) Heatset Web Offset Lithographic or Letterpress On or after August 1, 2010, an Operator performing Heatset Web Offset Lithographic or Letterpress Printing that has great er than 25 tpy potential to emit prior to controls shall use an add-on Contr ol Device on the Dryers, as follows: (i) Heatset Web offset lithographic or letterpress printer Control Device installed on or prior to July 31, 2010 shall have an overall capture and control efficiency of 90 percent. (ii) Heatset Web offset lithographic or letterpress printer Control Device installed on or after August 1, 2010 shall h ave an overall capture and control efficiency of 95 percent. (b) In lieu of the requirements of Subsection (C)(1 ), (C)(2), (C)(3), (C)(4) and (C)(5), emissions of VOC may be controlled by an em ission capture and control system, which reduces VOC emissions to the atmosphere, provided that:1117-16 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (i) The VOC emission control system is approved, in writing, by the Air Pollution Control Officer (APCO). (ii) During continuous operation, not to exceed 24 hours, the VOC emission control system shall have a minimum overal l VOC capture and control efficiency as specified in Tabl e 6, in accordance with the corresponding effective date;

Table 6 VOC Emission Control System Overall Capture and Con trol Efficiency

Process Overall VOC capture

and control efficiency %, by weight, effective through July 31, 2010 Overall VOC capture

and control efficiency %, by weight, effective on and after August 1, 2010 Flexible Package Printing (All Technologies) 65% 80% Publication Gravure 75% 85% Flexographic Printing Operations 60% n/a Other Printing Operations n/a 75% Paper, Film, Foil, or Fabric Coating Operations n/a 90%

(c) The collection system shall vent all drying Ove n exhaust to the Control Device and shall have one or more inlets for collec tion of Fugitive Emissions; and, (d) During any period of operation of a thermal inc inerator, combustion temperature shall be continuously monitored; and, (e) During any period of operation of a catalytic i ncinerator, exhaust gas temperature shall be continuously monitored; and, (f) Appropriate permit(s) for the emission capture and control system are obtained pursuant to District regulations. (g) The VOC emission control system shall reduce VO C emissions, at all times, to a level that is not greater than the emis sions which would have been achieved through the use of compliant material s, compliant equipment or compliant work practices in Sections ( C)(1), (C)(2), (C)(3), (C)(4), (C)(5), and (C)(8).MDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-17

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (7) Coating Application Equipment No Operator shall apply Coatings unless Coatings a re applied with equipment operated according to manufacturer’s specifications , and only by the use of one of the following types of Coating Application Equipmen t: (a) Flow Coater; (b) Roll Coater; (c) Dip Coater; (d) Foam Coater; (e) Die Coater; (f) Hand Application Methods; or (g) High-volume, low-pressure (HVLP) spray for air dried Coatings. (i) For HVLP spray guns manufactured prior to Janua ry 1, 1996, the end user shall demonstrate that the gun meets HVLP spray equipment standards. Satisfactory proof will be ei ther in the form of manufacturer's published technical material or b y a demonstration using a certified air pressure tip ga uge, measuring the air atomizing pressure dynamically at the cente r of the air cap and at the air horns. (ii) A person shall not sell or offer for sale for use within the District any HVLP spray gun without a permanent marking deno ting the maximum inlet air pressure in psig at which the gun will operate within the parameters specified in (B)(46). (h) Other Coating application methods which are dem onstrated to the APCO to be capable of achieving at least 65 percent tran sfer efficiency as determined in accordance with Section (F). Prior w ritten approval from the APCO shall be obtained for each alternative met hod used. (i) In lieu of complying with Section (C)(7)(a) thr ough (C)(7)(h), an Operator may control emissions from the Coating Application Equipment with a VOC emission control system that meets the requirem ents of Section (C)(6).1117-18 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (8) Solvent Cleaning (a) An Operator shall not use Solvents for cleaning Operations that exceed the VOC content limits specified in Table 7 in accordan ce with the corresponding effective date.

Table 7 VOC Content Limits for Solvent Cleaning

Type of Solvent Cleaning Operation VOC Content Limit grams of VOC/liter of material (Lb/gal), effective on and after July 1, 2011 A. Product Cleaning During Manufacturing Process; or Surface Preparation for Coating, Ink, or Adhesive Application 25 (0.21)

B. Repair and Maintenance Cleaning 25 (0.21) C. Cleaning of Coating or Adhesive Application Equipment 25 (0.21) D. Cleaning of Ink Application Equipment 1. General 25 (0.21) 2. Flexographic Printing 25 (0.21) 3. Specialty Flexographic Printing 100 (0.83) 4. Gravure Printing a. Publication 100 (0.83) b. Packaging 25 (0.21) 5. Lithographic (Offset) or Letterpress Printing a. Roller Wash - Step 1 100 (0.83) b. Roller Wash - Step 2; Roller Wash - not specified; Blanket Wash, and On-Press Components 100 (0.83) c. Removable Press Components 25 (0.21) 6. Screen Printing 100 (0.83) 7. Ultraviolet Ink/Electron Beam Ink Application Equipment (except Screen Printing) 100 (0.83)

(b) The following cleaning Operations may be perfor med outside of an APCO-approved VOC emission control system and using Solvent with VOC content greater than 25 g/L: (i) Wipe Cleaning; (ii) Application of Solvent from hand-held spray bo ttles from which Solvents are dispensed without a Propellant induced force;MDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-19

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs

(iii) Non-Atomized Solvent Flow method in which the clean ing Solvent is collected in a container or a collection system which is closed except for Solvent collection openings and, if nece ssary, openings to avoid excessive pressure build-up inside the con tainer; or (iv) Solvent Flushing method in which the cleaning Solve nt is discharged into a container that is closed except f or Solvent collection openings and, if necessary, openings to avoid excessive pressure build-up inside the container. The discha rged Solvent from the equipment must be collected into container s without atomizing into the open air. The Solvent may be fl ushed through the system by air or hydraulic pressure, or by pump ing. (c) Solvent shall not be atomized into the open air unless it is vented to a VOC emission control system that complies with Sect ion (C)(6). This provision shall not apply to printing Operations wh ere the roller or Blanket Wash is applied automatically and the cleaning of n ozzle tips of automated spray equipment systems, except for robotic systems , and cleaning with spray bottles or containers described in Section (C )(8)(b)(ii). (d) An Operator shall not use VOC-containing materi als to clean spray equipment used for the application of Coatings, Adh esives, or Ink, unless an enclosed system or equipment that is proven to b e equally effective at controlling emissions is used for cleaning. If an enclosed system is used, it must totally enclose spray guns, cups, nozzles, bow ls, and other parts during washing, rinsing and draining procedures, an d it must be used according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and must be closed when not in use. (e) In lieu of complying with the provisions of Sec tions (C)(8)(a) through (C)(8)(d), an Operator may control emissions from c leaning Operations with an APCO-approved VOC emission control system t hat meets the requirements of Section (C)(6). (9) An Operator shall store or dispose of fresh or spent Solvents, Waste Solvent Materials, Coatings, Adhesives, catalysts, Thinners , and Ink in Non-Absorbent, Non-Leaking Containers, which shall be kept closed except when adding or removing material, during cleaning Operations, or w hen the container is empty. (10) VOC material wastes (including but not limited to liquid wastes, rags, and packaging) shall be disposed of in a manner consist ent with Federal, State, and local hazardous waste regulations. (11) The manufacturer of any Ink, Coating, or Adhes ive, except Thin Film UV Ink, which is sold, offered for sale, or supplied for us e in Packaging Gravure, Publication Gravure, or Flexographic Printing Opera tions in the District shall1117-20 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs include the following information on the product co ntainer or Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) supplied with the product: (a) Material name, manufacturer identification, spe cific mixing instructions, density, and VOC content, as applied. (b) The VOC content of Inks (except Thin Film UV In k), Coatings, and Adhesives expressed as defined in Subsection (B)(39 ). (12) Work Practices (a) An Operator shall properly use and properly ope rate all graphic arts printing technologies as directed and/or specified by the manufacturer of the printer or graphic arts material. (b) Solvent containers and mixing tanks must be kep t closed or covered except when filling, draining, or conducting cleani ng operations. (c) Used shop towels, rags and wipes shall be kept in closed containers. (d) Spray guns shall be cleaned in an enclosed syst em. (e) Recycled solvents shall be used for cleaning if available and practical. (f) Cleaning materials shall be conveyed from one l ocation to another in closed containers or pipes.



### (D) Exemptions (1) The requirements of this rule, except for the r ecordkeeping requirements of Section (E)(6), shall not apply to the following Op erations except for Paper, Film, Foil, or Fabric Coating Operations: (a) Effective through July 31, 2010, any Graphic Ar ts Printing Operation which emits less than 400 pounds of VOC per calenda r month. (b) On or after August 1, 2010, any Graphic Arts Pr inting Operation that emits less than 200 pounds of VOC per 12 rolling consecut ive calendar months. (2) The requirements of this rule shall not apply t o: (a) Proof Presses; (b) The application of Coatings and use of cleaning Solvents in creating Fine Art Paintings; (c) Stripping of Cured Coatings, Cured Adhesives, a nd Cured Inks, except the Stripping of such materials from spray Application Equipment;MDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-21

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs

(d) Cleaning Operations in printing pre-press or gr aphic arts pre-press areas, including the cleaning of film processors, color sc anners, plate processors, films, and plates. (e) Blanket Repair Materials used in containers of four (4) fluid ounces or less. (f) Digital Printers and Digital Printing Operation s except for recordkeeping requirements in Section (E)(5). (g) Screen Printing of Waterslide Decals. (3) The provisions of Section (C) shall not apply t o the application of Adhesives and Coatings via Aerosol Products. (4) This rule shall not apply to laboratory tests o r analyses, Bench Scale, or Research and Development Projects. (5) This rule shall not limit the VOC content of Th in Film UV Inks. (6) Cleaning materials with a VOC composite vapor p ressure less than 8 mm Hg at 20o C are exempt from Section (C)(8)(a) of this rul e. 

### (E) Monitoring and Records Unless otherwise noted, all VOC content and density values recorded pursuant to the requirements of this rule shall be for the material as applied. Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coating Operations subject to this rule shall maintain the following records and information: (1) For each Ink, Coating, and Adhesive, Fountain S olution, Wash Primer, and Solvent in use and in storage: (a) A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or product data sheet giving material name, manufacturer identification, specifi c mixing instructions, and density; and (b) VOC content as applied. (2) Compliant Materials Records If only Inks, Coatings, and Adhesives meeting the s pecification found in Subsection (C) are used:1117-22 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (a) Records on a daily basis showing the amount of Ink used. Ink use records shall be maintained using one of the following opti ons: (i) Group the quantity of all Inks used and identif y the maximum VOC content figure and use the minimum density of 1 ,010 gm/liter (8.44 lb/gal) ; (ii) Itemize Process Inks and Pantone Inks separate ly and use the specific VOC content and density value for each Pro cess Ink, and the highest VOC content and the maximum density of 1,010 gm/liter (8.44 lb/gal) for Pantone Inks; (iii) Report Process Inks and Pantone Inks separate ly and use the maximum VOC content and minimum density value for b oth process and Pantone Inks, or use the density of 1,0 10 gm/liter (8.44 lb/gal) for Pantone Inks; or (iv) Itemize each Ink and Pantone Ink and use the s pecific VOC content and density value for each. (b) Records on a daily basis showing the amount of Coating, Adhesive, Wash Primer, and Solvent (including cleaning Solvent) us ed. Itemize each Coating, Adhesive, Wash Primer, and Solvent and use the specific VOC content and density value for each. (c) Record, on a daily basis, the type, amount, and percent VOC by volume of Fountain Solution used. (3) Non-Compliant Materials Records If Inks, Coatings, Adhesives, Fountain Solutions, W ash Primers, and Solvents (including non-compliant cleaning Solvent) which do not meet the specifications found in Subsection (C) are used and compliance is achieved through the use of add-on emission control equipment pursuant to (C)(6 ): (a) Records on a daily basis showing the type and a mount of Inks, Coatings, Adhesives, Fountain Solutions, Wash Primers, and So lvents (including non-compliant cleaning Solvent) used and itemized u sing the specific VOC content and density value for each. (b) Daily records of Key System Operating Parameter s which will demonstrate continuous Operation and compliance of the emission Control Device during periods of emission producing activit ies. Key System Operating Parameters are those necessary to ensure compliance with VOC capture and control requirements pursuant to (C)(6) (including but not limited to temperatures, pressures, and flow rates) . Such records shall be kept in the form and manner as prescribed by the AP CO.MDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-23

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs (4) Records for Flexographic Specialty Inks If flexographic Specialty Inks are used pursuant to Section (C)(2), record, on a daily basis, the type and amount of each Specialty Ink used. (5) Digital Printing Records (a) On or after August 1, 2010, Digital Printing Op erations shall keep records in accordance with (E)(5)(b) for each Digital Print er that: (i) Uses Solvent-based Inks and has a print capacit y of 1,000 ft 2 /hr or more; or (ii) Uses water-based Inks, or UV Inks and has a pr int capacity of 10,000 ft 2 /hr or more, (b) Operators with printers Subject to Section (E)( 5)(a) shall keep the following records: (i) A current file of Inks, Coatings, Adhesives, an d Solvents in use and in storage. The file shall include a MSDS or p roduct data sheet showing the material name, manufacturer's nam e, VOC content as applied, specific mixing instructions, a nd density. (ii) Monthly records of the type, and amount of eac h Ink, Coating, and/or Adhesive used. (iii) Monthly records of the type, and amount of So lvent used for thinning the Ink, Coating, or Adhesive, and for cle aning. (6) If the facility is claiming exempt status pursu ant to Subsection (D), the facility shall maintain adequate records on a monthly basis to demonstrate the exempt status. The Operator who becomes subject to the em ission limits/standards of this rule through loss of exemption in Section (D) shall not operate the subject equipment, except as required for obtaining a new o r modified Permit-to-Operate, until the Operator demonstrates that the Operation is in full compliance with the requirements of this rule. (7) Any record required or produced pursuant to thi s rule shall be retained on site for a minimum of five years and shall be made available to the APCO, CARB, or USEPA upon request. (8) Determination of VOC Emissions from Inks Used i n a Lithographic Printing Operation For the purposes of determining compliance with emi ssions limits, and determining eligibility for exemption under Section (D)(1) of this rule, the amount of VOC emitted from Heatset and Non-Heatset Inks us ed shall be discounted by1117-24 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs the following Substrate Retention Factors: 20 perce nt for Heatset Inks and 95 percent for Non-Heatset Inks. These Substrate Rete ntion Factors shall not be used when determining compliance of Inks with applicable VOC content limits specified in this rule, and Heatset and Non-Heatset lithographic Inks shall meet the VOC content limits specified in Section (C)(1), Table 1.



### (F) Test Methods The VOC content of materials subject to the provisi ons of this rule and overall capture and control efficiency of VOC emission control syst ems shall be determined by the following test methods specified in Sections (F)(1) through (F)(7), or alternative test methods approved by the APCO, USEPA, and CARB. (1) Except for UV Inks, the VOC content of Inks, Adhesi ves, Fountain Solutions, Solvents and Coatings shall be determined by using EPA Method 24 or 24A as applicable. The VOC content of UV Inks, except for Thin Film UV Inks, shall be determined by using American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) D5403- 93 (2007) (Test Methods for Volatile Content of Rad iation Curable Materials). (2) Exempt Compound Content: Exempt compound content sh all be determined by using ARB Method 432, “Determination of Dichloromet hane and 1,1,1- Trichlorethane in Paints and Coatings,” September 1 2, 1989; ARB Method 422 “Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Emi ssion from Stationary Sources,” January 22, 1987; or, South Coast Air Qua lity Management District (SCAQMD) Method 303-91 “Determination of Exempt Com pounds,” August 1, 1996. (3) The content of silicon dioxide as a flattening agen t in a Matte Finish Ink shall be determined by using the latest EPA approved revisio n of ASTM D717-86 (Standard Test Methods for Analysis of Magnesium Si licate Pigment). (4) The metal content of Metallic Inks shall be determi ned by SCAQMD Test Method 318, (Determination of Weight Percent Elemental Met al In Coatings by X-Ray Diffraction). (5) Determination of emissions of VOC from spray gun cl eaning systems shall be made using SCAQMD method "General Test Method for D etermining Solvent Losses from Spray Gun Cleaning Systems," October 3, 1989. (6) The transfer efficiency of alternative Coating appl ication methods shall be determined in accordance with the SCAQMD method “Sp ray Equipment Transfer Efficiency Test Procedure for Equipment User,” May 24, 1989. (7) Determination of Overall Capture and Control Effici ency of VOC Emission Control SystemsMDAQMD Rule 1117 1117-25

Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs

(a) The Capture Efficiency of a VOC emission control sy stem’s collection device(s) shall be determined according to EPA’s “G uidelines for Determining Capture Efficiency,” January 9, 1995 an d 40 CFR 51, Appendix M, Test Methods 204-204F, as applicable. (b) The control efficiency of a VOC emission control sy stem’s VOC Control Device(s) shall be determined using EPA Test Method s 2, 2A, or 2D for measuring flow rates and EPA Test Methods 25, 25A, or 25B for measuring total gaseous organic concentrations at t he inlet and outlet of the Control Device(s). EPA Method 18 or ARB Method 422 shall be used to determine the emissions of Exempt Compounds. (c) For VOC emission control systems that consist of a single VOC emission collection device connected to a single VOC emissio n Control Device, the overall capture and control efficiency shall be cal culated by using the following equation: 

# [ ] 100

/

, Control

Capture Control Capture CE

CE CE ×

=

Where:

CE Capture,Control = Overall Capture and Control Efficiency, in percen t CE Capture = Capture Efficiency of the collection device, in

percent, as determined in Section (F)(7)(a) CE Control = Control Efficiency of the Control Device, in

percent, as determined in Section (F)(7)(b). (d) The following equation shall be used to determi ne if the minimum required overall capture and control efficiency of an emission control system is at an equivalent or greater level of VOC reduction as would be achieved using compliant materials, equipment, or w ork practices, as stated in Section (C)(6)(g).

100 1 1 1 , ,

, ×    

 

   

 

   

 

   

 

     

− 

    

− ×

− =

c LWC Max n Max LWn

Max LWn LWc

D

VOC D VOC

VOC VOC CE1117-26 MDAQMD Rule 1117 Graphic Arts and Paper, Film, Foil and Fabric Coati ngs Where: CE = Minimum Required Overall Capture and Control

Efficiency, percent VOC LWc = VOC Limit, less water and less Exempt Compounds VOC LWn,Max = Maximum VOC content of noncompliant Ink (or

Coating or Adhesive) used in conjunction with a Control Device, less water and less Exempt Compounds D n,Max = Density of Solvent, reducer, or Thinner contained in

the noncompliant Ink (or Coating or Adhesive),containing the maximum VOC content of the multicomponent Ink (or Coating, or Adhesive) printing Line D c = Density of corresponding Solvent, reducer, or

Thinner used in the compliant Ink (or Coating, or Adhesive) system = 880 gm/liter. (8) When one or more test method or set of test met hods are specified for any testing, a violation of any requirement of this rule establi shed by any one of the specified test methods or set of test methods shall constitut e a violation of the rule.

[SIP: Submitted as amended mm/dd/yy on mm/dd/yy; Ap proved: 4/30/96, 61 FR 18962, 40 CFR 52.220(c)(198)(I)(E)(2)]