# Patent

## Title
System and method for enabling control of mobile device functional components

## Abstract

A system is provided including a non-transitory computer readable storage medium that causes a mobile device to store client states indicating statuses of mobile device functional components. Each client state corresponds to a functional component. A client digest of the client state is stored. A server digest corresponding to a server state and the client digest is received from a server. The server state indicates a status of a mobile device functional component. The server digest is compared with the client digest. A state request is transmitted to the server responsive to a determination of a difference between the server digest and client digest. The server state is received from the server. The functional component is enabled or disabled as indicated by the server state. The server state and digest are stored as the client state and digest respectively. Methods for control of mobile device functional components are also provided.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/089,388, filed Nov. 25, 2013, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/217,093, filed Aug. 24, 2011 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 8,738,688. This application further claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/984,702, filed Apr. 25, 2014. Application Nos. 14/089,388 and 61/984,702 are incorporated by reference as if fully set forth.


FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention is generally related to wired and wireless communications.
BACKGROUND
The growing ubiquity of locatable mobile devices such as mobile telephones, smart phones, cellular-enabled personal computers and GPS systems has created a demand for applications offering novel content on mobile devices. Known applications exist to provide games, social networking, navigation assistance, locating of points of interest, location tracking, advertising, and consumer and business-related services via a user's mobile device.
Developers of applications for mobile devices are often burdened by the complexity in designing applications which function effectively no matter the type of mobile device or the telecommunication carrier servicing the mobile device. An application typically needs to control mobile device functionality and retrieving data from a particular mobile device. However, effecting mobile device control and aggregating and maintaining data required for application functionality is often too complex and time consuming to make application development worthwhile and cost effective. It would be desirable to provide a system which facilitates the development and maintenance of applications for mobile devices by addressing issues of complexity in mobile device control and data collection.
In the field of parental controls for mobile handsets, there are basically two approaches. One approach involves integration with the carrier network, and restricting the use of the carrier network for a given mobile handset. However, this approach does not allow control of handset-only activities, such as gaming applications. Another approach for mobile controls is the installation by a parent of a mobile application on the handset, which allows more control over handset-only activities. Handset-installed applications can grant a good degree of control over a handset. However such applications suffer from the disadvantage that they can easily be uninstalled by the child.
SUMMARY
A system is provided comprising a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having encoded thereon instructions that, when executed on a processor of a mobile device, cause the mobile device to perform a process. The process includes storing a plurality of client states indicating statuses of functional components of the mobile device, wherein each of the plurality of client states corresponds to at least one of the functional components. For each of the plurality of client states, a client digest of the client state is stored on the mobile device. Periodic transmissions of a particular server digest are received via the network from a server, which particular server digest corresponds to a particular one of a plurality of server states maintained by the server, and which server states indicate statuses of functional components of the mobile device, wherein the particular server digest further corresponds to one of the plurality of client digests. The particular server digest is compared with the corresponding client digest. A state request corresponding to the particular one of a plurality of server states is transmitted to the server via a network responsive to a determination of a difference between the particular server digest and the corresponding client digest. The particular one of the plurality of server states is received from the server via the network. At least one of the functional components is enabled or disabled as indicated by the received particular one of the plurality of server states. The received particular one of the plurality of server states is stored as the corresponding client state; and the received particular server digest is stored as the corresponding client digest.
A method is provided for enabling control of mobile device functional components. The method includes storing with a server within the network a plurality of server states and a plurality of server digests respectively corresponding to the plurality of server states, wherein the server states and the server digests correspond to a particular mobile device. A plurality of client states are stored with the mobile device indicating statuses of functional components of the mobile device, wherein each of the plurality of client states corresponds to at least one of the functional components. For each of the plurality of client states, a client digest of the client state is stored with the mobile device. A request to modify the status of at least one of the functional components of the mobile device is received with the server from an application via the network. The method further includes updating with the server at least one of the server states and at least one of the server digests corresponding to the at least one of the functional components of the mobile device responsive to the request from the application to modify the status of the at least one of the functional components. The at least one updated server digest is transmitted from the server to the mobile device via the network. The at least one updated server digest is received with the mobile device via the network from the server, wherein the at least one updated server digest corresponds to at least one of the client digests. The at least one updated server digest is compared with the corresponding at least one client digest with the mobile device. A state request corresponding to the at least one updated server state is transmitted from the mobile device to the server via the network responsive to a determination of a difference between the at least one updated server digest and the corresponding at least one client digest. The state request is received with the server from the mobile device. The at least one updated server state is transmitted from the server to the mobile device. The at least one updated server state is received with the mobile device from the server via the network. At least one of the functional components is enabled or disabled with the mobile device as indicated by the received at least one updated server state. The received at least one updated server state is stored with the mobile device as the corresponding at least one client state, and the received at least one updated server digest is stored with the mobile device as the corresponding at least one client digest.
Another method is provided for enabling control of mobile device functional components. The method includes providing a server within a network, wherein the server comprises at least one computing system within the network. A plurality of server states and a plurality of server digests respectively corresponding to the plurality of server states corresponding to a particular mobile device are stored with the server. A request to modify the status of at least one of the functional components of the particular mobile device is received with the server from an application via the network. At least one server state and at least one server digest corresponding to the at least one of the functional components of the particular mobile device are updated with the server responsive to the request from the application to modify the status of the at least one of the functional components. The at least one updated server digest is transmitted with the server to the particular mobile device. A state request corresponding to the at least one updated server state is received with the server from the particular mobile device; and at least one updated server state is transmitted to the to the particular mobile device responsive to the state request.
A method for initiating and performing an action on a computing device is provided. The method includes transmitting by a server via a network a message to an application executable on a computing device, the application corresponding to a badge enabled by an operating system of the computing device, the message comprising a request to change a status indicator of the badge. The message is received by the computing device and the status indicator of the badge is changed responsive to the message. The application polls to determine a change in the status indicator of the badge, and the application determines a change in the status indicator of the badge based on the polling. The application transmits via the computing device a state request to the server for a functional component state corresponding to at least one functional component of the device, wherein the state request is transmitted at least based on the determination of the change in the status indicator. The server receives the state request. The server transmits the functional component state to the computing device. The computing device receives from the server the functional component state. The application determines that the functional component state indicates a requirement to perform a particular action, and the application performs the particular action.
Another method for initiating and performing an action on a mobile computing device is provided. The method includes receiving by a computing device via a network a message transmitted to an application on the computing device, the application corresponding to a badge enabled by an operating system of the computing device, the message comprising a request to change a status indicator of the badge. The computing device changes the status indicator of the badge responsive to the message. The application polls to determine a change in the status indicator of the badge. The application determines a change in the status indicator of the badge based on the polling. The application transmits via the computing device a state request to a server for a functional component state corresponding to at least one functional component of the device, wherein the state request is transmitted at least based on the determination of the change in the status indicator. The computing device receives from the server the functional component state. The application determines that the functional component state indicates a requirement to perform a particular action, and the particular action is performed.
A processor-implemented method for controlling removal of a particular application is provided performed by a computing device via a particular application operating on an operating system (“OS”). The method includes receiving a disable request call to the particular application from the OS via settings activity, purposefully delaying a reply to the disable request call for a particular time period, and after the purposeful delay, switching to a particular activity and stopping the settings activity to prevent removal of the particular application.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING(S)
The foregoing Summary as well as the following detailed description will be readily understood in conjunction with the appended drawings which illustrate embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows an operating environment including a server state manager and a client state manager.
FIGS. 2 and 3 are diagrams depicting example implementations of the client state manager and the server state manager of FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a diagram depicting example functional components supported by a particular mobile device implementing the client state manager of FIG. 1.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are diagrams depicting relationships between example functional components supported by a particular mobile device implementing the client state manager of FIG. 1.
FIGS. 5C and 5D are diagrams depicting relationships between example functional components and related parameters supported by a particular mobile device implementing the client state manager of FIG. 1.
FIGS. 6-9 are illustrative communication flows between the client state manager and the server state manager of FIG. 1.
FIG. 10 is a diagram depicting application program interfaces (“APIs”) enabled by an interface of the server state manager of FIG. 1.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a method for preventing removal of an application on a computing device.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Referring to FIG. 1, a schematic illustration is shown of an exemplary operating environment 10 in which a server state manager 20 functions in a communications network 90, preferably including one or more wired or wireless networks or a combination thereof. The server state manager 20 and its constituent elements are preferably implemented on a server via hardware components, software components sharing one or more processing units, or a suitable combination thereof. As described herein, a server is a computer system or a plurality of computer systems integrally constructed or connected via a network. The server state manager 20 has a client interface 22 and a third party interface 24. The client interface 22 interfaces with a client state manager 50 via a synchronous interface 52 and an asynchronous interface 54. The third party interface 24 is configured to interface with a third party application 70. The client state manager 50 is preferably implemented via encoded instructions on a mobile device, which mobile device preferably functions as a wireless transmitting and receiving device with cellular telephone functionality, and which instructions can be hardware or software enabled. The third party application 70 can reside on the mobile device on which the client state manager 50 is implemented. Alternatively, the third party application 70 can reside on a separate computer system in communication with the server state manager 20 via the communications network 90.
The client state manager 50 includes a functional component enablement engine 64 which is configured to enable and disable functional components of a mobile device implementing the client state manager 50. Functional components of a mobile device preferably include software or hardware driven features, settings, capabilities and resources. Different mobile devices may correspond to different functional components.
The client interface 22 preferably implements a Representational State Transfer styled application program interface (“RESTful API”) for communication with the client state manager 50. The server state manager 20 further exposes functional components of a mobile device implementing the client state manager 50 to a participating third party application 70 via the third party interface 24 using a another RESTful API. Alternatively, other suitable application program interface architecture can be leveraged for server state manager communications.
The server state manager 20 includes a server state database 26 which stores states which indicate statuses of functional components of each mobile device implementing the client state manager 50. The statuses of the functional components of the mobile device can comprise an indication of whether a particular functional component is enabled or disabled or an indication of one or more scheduled time periods when a particular functional component is enabled or disabled. The statuses of the functional components can further include a particular set of modifiable parameters. A server digest database 28 stores a digest for each of the states. Each digest is preferably determined via a hash function applied to elements of a respective state by a digest generation engine 30. The client state manager 50 includes a client state database 56 which stores states and a client digest database 58 which stores digests respectively corresponding to the stored states, which states and digest are received from the server state manager 20. For the purpose of clarity, states and digests corresponding to a particular mobile device and stored by the server state manager 20 are respectively termed “server states” and “server digests”, and server states and server digests received from the server state manager 20 and stored by the client state manager 50 are respectively termed “client states” and “client digests”.
The server state manager 20 is configured to receive from a third party application 70 via the third party interface 24 a request to modify the status of one or more functional components of a particular mobile device implementing the client state manager 50. An application's request to modify a functional component status can come in the form of a preference indication, for example “turn on mobile device location streaming” or “turn off mobile device location streaming”. An application's request can further include modification of one or more parameters of a functional component. The server state manager 20 uses the state update engine 32 to update one or more server states respectively corresponding to the one or more of the functional components responsive to the request from the third party application 70 to modify the status of the functional components. When a particular server state is updated, a corresponding server digest is updated via the digest generation engine 30. Further, a particular functional component can be related to other functional components, wherein an application's request to modify the status of a particular functional component triggers the update of the state and digest corresponding to the particular functional component and one or more states and digests corresponding to one or more related functional components.
In response to server state and server digest updates, updated server digests are transmitted from the server state manager 20 via the client interface 22 to a mobile device implementing the client state manager 50. The server state manager 20 is configured to transmit updated server digests to the mobile device in asynchronous communications via the asynchronous interface 54 of the client state manager 50, for example using Short Message Service (“SMS”) protocol. The client state manager 50 compares each received server digest with its corresponding client digest using the digest comparison engine 60. If a difference between a particular server digest and the corresponding client digest is detected, a state request corresponding to the particular state is generated by a state request engine 62, and the state request is transmitted to the server state manager 20 via the client interface 22.
State requests are preferably made by the client state manager 50 in a synchronous communication via the synchronous interface 52, for example using Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (“HTTPS”). The server state manager 20 transmits via the client interface 22 a particular server state responsive to a corresponding state request in a synchronous communication, which is preferably the synchronous communication in which the state request was transmitted. The transmitted server state can be the same updated server state represented by the server digest transmitted to the client state manager 50 in the asynchronous communication indicated above. Alternatively, if the updated server state has been re-updated since the asynchronous transmission of the corresponding server digest, the re-updated server state can be transmitted to the client state manager 50. The server state is preferably transmitted along with the corresponding current digest in the synchronous communication, and the received state and digest are stored in the respective client state database and client digest database 58. Transmitting the most current digest in the synchronous communication is important since it is possible that the particular server state and corresponding server digest may have been re-updated by the state update engine 32 of the server state manager 20 since the updated digest was transmitted to the client state manager 50 in the asynchronous communication. Further, additional server digests corresponding to functional components related to the particular functional component can be transmitted with the state and digest of the particular functional component responsive to the state request. Thereafter, the client state manager's digest comparison engine 60 compares each received additional server digest with its corresponding client digest and transmits another state request if a difference is determined between an additional server digest and its corresponding client digest, and the server state manager 20 thereafter returns one or more states corresponding to the new state request.
The client state manager 50 uses the functional component enablement engine 64 to enable or disable a functional component as indicated by the received corresponding server state. The received server state is stored by the client state manager 50 as the corresponding client state in the client state database 56, preferably overwriting the existing corresponding client state. Similarly, the received server digest is stored by the client state manager 50 as the corresponding client digest in the client digest database 58, preferably overwriting the existing corresponding client digest.
Referring to FIG. 2, an example implementation 100 of the invention is shown in which the third party application 70 resides on a mobile device 150 on which the client state manager 50 is implemented. The server state manager 20 is implemented on a state server 120. A message aggregation server 180 executing a message aggregator 80, for example a Short Message Service (“SMS”) aggregator or Short Message Service Center (“SMSC”), disseminates asynchronous communications 102, for example SMS messages, from the server state manager 20 to the client state manager 50, for example via a wireless telecommunications network. Synchronous communications 104, 106, for example implementing HTTPS through a data network, are initiated between the client state manager 50 and the server state manager 20 and between the third party application 70 and the server state manager 20, respectively.
Referring to FIG. 3, in another example implementation 200 of the invention the third party application 70 can alternatively reside away from the mobile device 150 on a separate computer system such as an application server 170 in communication with the server state manager 20, for example via a data network. The message aggregation server 180 disseminates asynchronous communications 202, for example SMS messages, from the server state manager 20 to the client state manager 50. Synchronous communications 204, 206 are initiated between the client state manager 50 and the server state manager 20 and between the third party application 70 and the server state manager 20, respectively.
As indicated above, functional components can include a mobile device's software or hardware driven features, settings, capabilities and resources. Tables 1-4 below respectively show example features, capabilities, settings and resources, with associated component numbers, which can be enabled and disabled by the functional component enablement engine 64 of the client state manager 50 on a particular mobile device. Alternatively other suitable functional components can be enabled by the client state manager 50. Table 5 below shows example parameters which can be set for particular features and capabilities via application request.








TABLE 1





No.
Feature







F1
Location data access


F2
Short message service (“SMS”) access


F3
Multimedia messaging service (“MMS”) access


F4
Voice call access


F5
Global positioning system (“GPS”) access/control


F6
Applications control


F7
Contact access


F8
Device interface locking control


F9
Communication with device user

















TABLE 2





No.
Setting







S1
Networking retry time interval


S2
Networking maximum number of retries


S3
GPS timeout time


S4
GPS maximum acceptable precision


S5
Device interface locking triggering driving speed


S6
Device interface locking triggering minimum travel distance


S7
Mobile device heartbeat time interval


S8
Network location timeout time


















TABLE 3





No.
Capability
Parent Feature







C1
Location Streaming
F1 (Location data access)


C2
On demand location requesting
F1


C3
Gathering incoming SMS activity
F2 (SMS access)


C4
Gathering outgoing SMS activity
F2


C5
Gathering incoming MMS activity
F3 (MMS access)


C6
Gathering outgoing MMS activity
F3


C7
Gathering incoming voice call activity
F4 (Voice call access)


C8
Gathering outgoing voice call activity
F4


C9
Detection of whether GPS is on or off
F5 (GPS access/control)


C10
Forcing GPS on if off
F5


C11
Reporting of installed applications on client
F6 (Applications control)


C12
Reporting of contacts
F7 (Contact access)


C13
Locking interface based on time schedule
F8 (Device interface locking control)


C14
Locking interface based on driving
F8


C15
Screen Messaging
F9 (Communication with device user)


















TABLE 4





No.
Resource
Parent Feature







R1
Main text for lock screen
F8


R2
Message text for lock screen
F8


R3
Auto reply text for lock screen
F8


R4
Override text for lock screen
F8


R5
Emergency text for lock screen
F8


R6
Background image for lock screen
F8


R7
Branding image for lock screen
F8


R8
Message regarding subscriber privacy
F9


















TABLE 5







Parent


No.
Parameter
Feature/Capability







P1
Which mobile applications can run or be launched while interface
F8, C13, and C14



is locked (e.g. a music playing application)


P2
Which phone numbers can interface-locked device continue to
F8, C13, and C14



place calls to or receive calls from


P3
Which phone numbers can interface-locked device continue to
F8, C13, and C14



receive messages (e.g. SMS) from


P4
Whether a hands free device connected to the interface-locked device
F8, C13, and C14



(e.g. Bluetooth headset) can be used to place phone calls


P5
Whether an auto reply message is sent to a user/device sending a
F8, C13, and C14



message (e.g. SMS) to the interface-locked device


P6
Message content
C15


P7
URL link associated with message
C15


P8
Whether to launch device web browser and connect to URL
C15



responsive to interaction with message









Some functional components can be related to the extent that modification of the status of a particular functional component may result in modification in the status of one or more related functional components. Referring to FIG. 4 and Tables 1-4, a particular mobile device 150, can be enabled for example with features 302, settings 304, capabilities 306 and resources 308. Particular features 302 are related to particular capabilities 306 and particular resources 308, wherein modification of the status of a particular capability 306 or particular resource may result in modification of the status of a particular feature 302 or vice versa. Mobile device user-specific data (“subscriber-specific data”), for example mobile device location data, is disseminated by a mobile device based on status of the capabilities 306, which data is stored in a subscriber database 36 in the server state manager 20 for dissemination to an authorized third party application 70.
Referring to FIG. 5A, capabilities C1 (location streaming) and C2 (on demand location requesting), are related to feature F1 (location data access), wherein a change in status of feature F1 can result in a change in status of capability C1 or C2, or alternatively a change in status of capability C1 or C2 results in a change in status of feature F1. For example, a request from a third party application 70 to enable or disable feature F1, immediately or during a scheduled time period, causes the server state manager 20 to update the server states and server digests of feature F1 and capabilities C1 and C2 to reflect that features F1 and capabilities C1 and C2 are enabled or disabled. In another example a request from a third party application 70 to the server state manager 20 via the third party interface 24 to disable location streaming capability C1 causes the state update engine 32 to update the server state of capability C1 and causes the digest generation engine 30 to update the server digest of capability C1. The request further causes the server state manager 20 to update the server state and server digest of the location data access feature F1.
Referring to FIG. 5B, capabilities C13 (Locking interface based on time schedule) and C14 (Locking interface based on driving), and resources R1-R7 are related to feature F8 (Device interface locking control), wherein a change in status of feature F8 can result in a change in status of capability C13 or C14, or alternatively a change in status of capability C13 or C14 results in a change in status of feature F8. For example, a request from a third party application 70 to enable or disable the device interface locking control feature F8, immediately or during a scheduled time period, causes the server state manager 20 to update the server states and server digests of feature F8 and capabilities C13 and C14 to reflect that feature F8 and capabilities C13 and C14 are enabled or disabled. In another example a request from a third party application 70 to the server state manager 20 via the third party interface 24 to lock the mobile device interface during a particular time period via capability C13 causes the state update engine 32 to update the server state of capability C13 and causes the digest generation engine 30 to update the server digest of capability C13. The request further causes the server state manager 20 to update the server state and server digest of the device interface locking control feature F8.
In view of the above examples, capabilities C1 and C2 comprise a capability group which enables feature F1, and capabilities C13 and C14 and resources R1-R7 enable features F8. Referring to Table 3 capabilities C3 and C4 comprise a capability group which enables feature F2, capabilities C5 and C6 comprise a capability group which enables feature F3, capabilities C7 and C8 comprise a capability group which enables feature F4, capabilities C9 and C10 comprise a capability group which enables feature F5, capability C11 enables feature F6, capability C12 enables feature F7, capabilities C13 and C14 and resources R1-R7 enable feature F8, capability C15 and resource R8 enable feature F9.
Referring to Table 5 and FIGS. 5C and 5D, particular enabled features and capabilities allow setting of parameters by a third party application. For example as shown in FIG. 5C, a third party application enabling the locking interface based on driving capability C14 can set: 1) parameter P1 to select applications which can run when device interface is locked, 2) parameter P2 to select phone numbers which interface-locked device can continue to place calls to or receive calls from, 3) parameter P3 to select phone numbers from which the interface-locked device can continue to receive messages (e.g. SMS) from, 4) parameter P4 to select whether a hands free device connected to the interface-locked device (e.g. Bluetooth headset) can be used to place phone calls, and 5) parameter P5 to select whether an auto reply message is sent to a user/device sending a message (e.g. SMS) to the interface-locked device. As shown in Table 5, parameters P1 through P5 are also applicable to capability C13, locking interface based on time schedule, and feature F8, device interface locking control. As shown in FIG. 5D, a third party application enabling the screen messaging capability C15 can set: 1) parameter P6 to specify message content, 2) parameter P7 to specify a URL link associated with a specified message, and 3) parameter P8 to select whether to launch a device web browser and connect to a specified URL responsive to user interaction with a specified message (e.g. user clicking on message).
Referring to FIG. 6, an illustrative communication flow 500 between the client state manager 50 and the server state manager 20 is shown. The communication flow 500 can occur for example responsive to mobile device startup, responsive to initiation of the client state manager 50, responsive to other event, or at predetermined scheduled time intervals (also termed herein as “heartbeat” communications). In a synchronous communication 502, the client state manager 50 transmits a request for a particular functional component server state. In a synchronous communication 504, the server state manager 20 transmits (“sends”) the particular functional component server state and server digest responsive to the state request. The communications 502, 504 can be substantially continuous as a single communication or separated by an interval of time.
Referring to FIG. 7, another illustrative communication flow 510 between the client state manager 50 and the server state manager 20 is shown. In an asynchronous communication 512, 514, the server state manager 20 transmits an updated functional component server digest (communication 512) and the client state manager 50 receives the updated functional component server digest (communication 514). Communication 512 may be initiated by the server state manager 20 in response to a server state update, for example in response to an application request to modify the status of a functional component. In a synchronous communication 516, the client state manager 50 transmits a state request responsive to a determination of a difference between the transmitted server digest and a corresponding client digest. In a synchronous communication 518, the server state manager 20 transmits the particular functional component server state and server digest responsive to the state request. One or more server digests can be sent in the communication 512, wherein the client state manager 50 transmits a state request corresponding to those states for which there is a determined difference between the transmitted server digest and a corresponding client digest (communication 516), and the server state manager 20 transmits one or more states and one or more digests corresponding to the state request (communication 518).
Referring to FIG. 8, another illustrative communication flow 530 between the client state manager 50 and the server state manager 20 is shown. In a synchronous communication 532 the client state manager 50 transmits a first state request corresponding to a particular state and particular functional component. The first state request can be transmitted by the client state manager 50 for example responsive to a determination of a difference between a received server digest and a corresponding client digest for the particular state, which server digest can be received for example in the manner shown in asynchronous communication 512, 514 of FIG. 7. Alternatively, the first state request (communication 532) can be transmitted by the client state manager 50 for example responsive to mobile device startup, responsive to initiation of the client state manager 50, responsive to other event, or at predetermined scheduled time intervals, as described above with reference to FIG. 6. In a synchronous communication 534, the server state manager 20 transmits the particular functional component server state and server digest responsive to the first state request. In a synchronous communication 536 responsive to the first state request, the server state manager 20 transmits another server digest corresponding to a related server state and a related functional component which is related to the particular functional component corresponding to the first state request. The communications 534, 536 can be substantially continuous as a single communication or separated by an interval of time with communication 534 or communication 536 first in time. In a synchronous communication 538, the client state manager 50 transmits a second state request corresponding to the related server state responsive to a determination of a difference between the related server digest and a corresponding client digest. In a synchronous communication 540, the server state manager 20 transmits the related functional component server state and server digest responsive to the second state request. One or more states can be requested by the client state manager 50 in communications 532 and 538, and one or more states or digests can be transmitted by the server state manager in communications 534, 536 and 540.
A non-limiting example pursuant to the communication flows 510 and 530 of FIGS. 7 and 8 follows. A 3rd party application 70 transmits a request to the server state manager 20 to enable the location streaming capability C1 and on demand location requesting capability C2. Referring to Table 3, the capabilities C1 and C2 are related to the location data access feature F1. Accordingly, states and digests corresponding to functional components C1, C2 and F1 are updated by the state update engine 32 and digest generation engine 30. The server state manager 20 transmits the server digest corresponding to the functional component F1 to the client state manager 50, for example as shown in communication 512, 514. The client state manager 50 transmits a request to the server state manager 20 for the server state corresponding to functional component F1 responsive to a determination of a difference between the received server digest for component F1 and the corresponding client digest (e.g. communication 532). The server state manager 20 transmits the server state corresponding to feature F1 and the updated server digests corresponding to capabilities C1 and C2 (e.g. communications 534, 536). The client state manager 50 transmits a second state request corresponding to the server states for capabilities C1 and C2 responsive to a determination of a difference between the received server digests for capabilities C1 and C2 and the corresponding client digests (e.g. communication 538) stored in the client digest database 58. The server state manager 20 transmits the component server states and server digests for capabilities C1 and C2 responsive to the second state request (e.g. communication 540) which are subsequently stored as the respective client states in the client state database 56.
Referring to FIG. 9, another illustrative communication flow 550 between the client state manager 50 and the server state manager 20 is shown. In an asynchronous communication 552, 556, the server state manager 20 transmits an initial functional component server digest corresponding to a particular functional component (communication 552), and the client state manager 50 receives the initial functional component server digest (communication 556). At some point after transmitting the initial server digest, the server state manager 20 updates the status of the server state corresponding to the particular functional component, for example in response to an application request. Responsive to the update, in a second asynchronous communication the server state manager 20 transmits an updated functional component server digest corresponding to the particular functional component (communication 554), and the client state manager 50 receives the updated functional component server digest (communication 562). Prior to receiving the updated functional component server digest, in a synchronous communication 558 the client state manager 50 transmits a state request responsive to a determination of a difference between the initial server digest and a corresponding client digest. In a synchronous communication 560, the server state manager 20 transmits the updated server state and updated server digest corresponding to the particular functional component responsive to the state request. The client state manager stores the updated server state as the client state for the particular functional component in the client state database 56, for example by caching. Upon later receiving the updated server digest in the asynchronous communication 562, the client state manager 50 compares the updated server digest with the corresponding client digest and determines no difference, wherein the client state manager 50 does not transmit an additional state request. The delays in receiving the initial and updated server digests shown in FIG. 9 can result for example from network delays. A benefit of the invention illustrated by the communication flow 550 is that storing of digests by the client state manager 50, results in fewer required synchronous requests, even when network behavior causes asynchronous communications to arrive out of order or after a delay, thereby conserving network bandwidth, system resources and mobile device battery charge.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 10, the third party interface 24 of the server state manager 20 enables a plurality of application program interfaces (“APIs”) accessible to a third party application 70. In an initial provisioning process, an application provisioning engine 34 generates an access control list which is stored in an access control list (“ACL”) database 38 restricting which features F1-Fn and capabilities C1-Cn can be used by the third party application 70, and credentials are provided to the third party application 70 consistent with the access control list via the provisioning API 600. Each feature F1-Fn is tied to an API 602, 604, 606 and each capability is tied to an API 608, 610 and 612. Alternatively, APIs corresponding to any suitable functional components can be enabled.
The third party interface 24 receives API requests from the third party application 70 and one or more credentials which are used by the server state manager 20 to identify the application 70 via the credential identification engine 40 and determine its corresponding access control list from the ACL database 38. An API request from an application 70 for a particular capability API 608, 610, 612 will be rejected unless the application's access control list indicates that the application has use rights for the particular capability C1-Cn. An API request from an application 70 for a particular feature API 602, 604, 606 will be rejected unless the application's access control list indicates that the application 70 has use rights for the particular feature or at least one capability C1-Cn related to the feature.
Using a subscriber discovery API 614, the third party application 70 can query which mobile devices are implementing the client state manager 50 and in communication with the server state manager 20. Preferably, the third party application 70 provides a mobile device phone number or other user (“subscriber”) identifier or mobile device identifier via the subscriber discovery API 614 to initiate a query regarding the mobile device. The third party application 70 can also query which functional components (e.g. features and capabilities) are enabled or available on a particular mobile device. The third party application 70 can use this information to determine whether a client state manager 50 needs to be installed or upgraded on a particular mobile device.
A third party application 70 which requires access or control of a particular mobile device via the client state manager 50 is preferably required to obtain consent from a user with authority to make privacy decisions for the particular mobile device. Before accessing controls of a functional component API such as the feature APIs 602, 604, 606 or capability APIs 608, 610, 612, for example to modify status of a functional component, a third party application 70 must record the user consent with the particular functional component API. The consent is verified by a consent verification engine 42. In the absence of user consent, access to the particular functional component API will be rejected by the consent verification engine 42.
Because the server state manager 20 supports more than one third party application 70 controlling a particular mobile device running the client state manager 50, the server state manager 20 is configured to resolve conflicts and ambiguities among application requests. The server state manager can set priorities for the third party applications 70 wherein for a particular mobile device the request of an application 70 with a higher priority can override the request of an application 70 with a lower priority. For example, a request from a higher priority application 70 to enable location streaming capability C1 can override a request from a lower priority application 70 to disable location streaming.
In a registration process when the client state manager 50 is initially executed on a mobile device, the client state manager 50 communicates identifying information and which functional components (e.g. features, capabilities, settings and resources) it supports to the server state manager 20. A client provisioning engine 44 generates a unique token which the server state manager 20 transmits to the client state manager 50 via the synchronous interface 52 to be used by the client state manager 50 in subsequent communications with the server state manager 20, ensuring that the mobile device running the client state manager 50 can be reliably authenticated. During the registration process, the server state manager 20 also preferably transmits a cryptographically secure code to the client state manager 50 via SMS or other telephone number-specific protocol. The client state manager 50 transmits this code back to the server state manager 20 to prove the validity of the mobile device's phone number and allow the server state manager 20 to use the client state manager 50 to interact with functional components associated with the phone number.
The client state manager 50 preferably periodically sends notification messages to the server state manager 20. These messages can indicate that the mobile device is operational and that the client state manager 50 is active and enabled. Messages can also include updates regarding which functional components are currently supported on the mobile device.
Given appropriate access control permissions, mobile device user consent, and functional component status, a third party application 70 can cause the client state manager 50 to send notifications with subscriber-specific data to the server state manager 20. The subscriber-specific data preferably includes mobile device use data gathered by the mobile device during use. Referring to the capabilities shown in Table 3, data transmitted from the client state manager 50 to the server state manager 20 can include for example mobile device location data (capabilities C1 and C2) and SMS, MMS and voice call activity data (capabilities C3-C8), application installation activity (capability C11), and contact activity (capability C12). Other capabilities, for example forcing GPS on if off (C10), locking a mobile device interface based on time schedule or driving (capabilities C13 and C14), and mobile device screen messaging (capability C15), enable an application 70 to control a mobile device without causing transmission of subscriber-specific data from the client state manager 50 to the server state manager 20.
The server state manager 20 stores received subscriber-specific data in the subscriber database 36 for a predetermined time period to permit gathering by an authorized application 70. The server state manager 20 is configured to stream mobile device location to an application 70 per capability C1 and to transmit on demand location requests from an application 70 to a mobile device per capability C2. The server state manager 20 is further configured to enable an authorized application 70 to gather mobile device incoming and outgoing messaging activity per capabilities C3-C6. The server state manager 20 is further configured to enable an authorized application 70 to gather mobile device incoming and outgoing voice call activity per capabilities C7 and C8. The server state manager 20 is further configured to enable an authorized application 70 to gather indications of applications installed on a mobile device per capability C11 and to gather indications of mobile device subscriber contacts per capability C12. The server state manager 20 is further configured to enable an authorized application 70 to gather an indication of whether GPS functionality is enabled or disabled on the mobile device per capability C9, and to transmit instructions from the application 70 to the client state manager 50 to enable if off GPS functionality on the mobile device per capability C10.
An authorized third party application 70 can query the subscriber database 36 via the third party interface 24, for example via a RESTful API enabled by the server state manager 20. The server state manager 20 can further implement Simple Update Protocol (SUP) or other suitable protocol for notifying an authorized third party application 70 when updates to subscriber-specific data are available. The third party interface 24 is further preferably configured to receive preference indications from a third party application 70 regarding what subscriber-specific data it requires and at what frequency or under what circumstances. In such manner the server state manager 20 preferably supports a publish-subscribe model in which an application 70 subscribes to a particular type of subscriber-specific data and receives notifications from the server state manager 20 when such data becomes available.
In another embodiment, herein is provided an application and a method for allowing an application to be locked against uninstall on the ANDROIDTM platform. The application includes instructions for performing the method on a processor-enabled device running an ANDROIDTM operating system. The application can be stored on computer readable media accessible to the processor-enabled device.
ANDROIDTM platform versions later than ANDROIDTM 2.2 allow appropriately built applications to become a “Device Administrator”. In addition to having permissions related to wiping the device and changing the device password, an application which is currently an active Device Administrator cannot be uninstalled. However, any Device Administrator permission granted to an application can be removed through the ANDROIDTM settings menu, and then subsequently uninstalled.
Described herein is a method for implementing the ANDROIDTM Device Administrator application program interface (“API”) in a nonstandard manner, to prevent a user from disabling the Device Administrator permission for an application. The following details a method for preventing a first user (e.g., a child) from disabling the Device Administrator permission for the application on the device, while allowing an authorized second user (e.g., a parent of the child) to disable the Device Administrator permission, for example via a PIN/password-based method or a network based method. The method prevents removal of an application from an ANDROIDTM device. The method allows an application to be locked, preventing its removal (i.e., “uninstallation”) from the device on which it is installed. Optionally the application can be unlocked by a user of the device or other user with supervisory authority, allowing its removal.
The method includes providing a particular application configured with permission to be an ANDROIDTM Device Administrator. A Device Administrator ANDROIDTM application must implement a DeviceAdminReceiver class. Referring to the method 700 of FIG. 11, when a user attempts to disable the Device Administrator permission for the particular application via a settings application, the ANDROIDTM OS calls a method onDisableRequested (Context context, Intent intent) in the application (step 702). The method onDisableRequested (Context context, Intent intent) is intended to return a string which will be shown to the user before the final confirmation by the user of the application removal.
Instead of returning the string including the result of DeviceAdminReceiver.onDisableRequested( ), the application purposefully delays for a particular period of time (e.g., several seconds) (step 704) and subsequently switches to another activity (step 706) and stops the settings activity (step 708). The purposeful delay can be implemented for example by an operating system sleep call. The activity which is switched to can include for example an activity which enables a PIN/password dialogue or other activity which enables an application, feature, or setting. Optionally, a PIN/password dialog is displayed after the purposeful delay, the activity switch, and the stopping of the settings activity. For example, the particular application requests that a PIN/password dialog be shown and loops tightly for a particular time period (e.g., several seconds) until the PIN/password dialog is shown. The particular application then sleeps for a particular time period (e.g., 1.2 seconds) and requests a restart of the settings application. This process prevents a user from disabling the Device Administrator permission for the particular application. The ANDROIDTM operating system in its current form does not allow display of such a dialog before or during the steps including the purposeful delay, the activity switch and the stopping of the settings activity.
After user entry of a correct PIN/password, the application can disable the Device Administrator. Thereafter, the user can be directed to an interface for the particular application which enables the user to initiate an uninstall of the application. The PIN/password to be used in disabling the Device Administrator can be set from within the particular application. The PIN/password can alternatively be retrieved from a network accessible application server. A lost or forgotten PIN/password can be retrieved from a network accessible application server.
A user-selectable setting can be provided within the application which allows a user (e.g., a parent) to select whether the application is configured to be prevented from being uninstalled by implementing the aforementioned method. Alternatively, a user-selectable setting for enabling the aforementioned method to prevent application removal can be retrieved from a network accessible application server.
Optionally an additional dialog can be provided via the user interface of the device before the PIN/password dialog, which additional dialog instructs the device user of another manner of removing the application. The additional dialog can for example include an instruction for the user to log into a web service or a parental controls application to disable the lock on the application removal. Such web service or parental controls application can implement the system described above referring to FIGS. 1-3.
Locking and unlocking a particular application from uninstallation can be controlled via the system described above with reference to communication flows of FIGS. 6-9, where the particular application includes a client state manager installed on the device which communicates with a server state manager operated on a network connectable server. The server state manager can receive instructions (e.g., from a parent) to lock or unlock the particular application and communicate the instructions via a network to the client state manager on the particular device in the manner described above with reference to FIGS. 6-9.
A log of events occurring related to the PIN/password dialog can be maintained on a network accessible application server. Events can include display of the PIN/password dialog, a correct entry by a user of a PIN/password, and an incorrect entry of a PIN/password.
Optionally other methods can be provided within the particular application to access PIN/password dialog(s) without needing to access the Android Security Settings Menu.
Although features and elements are described above in particular combinations, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that each feature or element can be used alone or in any combination with the other features and elements. Methods described herein may be implemented in a computer program, software, or firmware incorporated in a computer-readable medium for execution by a computer or processor.
While embodiments of the invention have been described in detail above, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, which should be considered as merely exemplary. Further modifications and extensions of the invention may be developed, and all such modifications are deemed to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

## Claims

1. A processor-implemented method performed by a computing device via a particular application operating on an operating system (“OS”) for controlling removal of the particular application, the method comprising:
receiving a disable request call to the particular application from the OS via settings activity;
purposefully delaying a reply to the disable request call for a particular time period, the purposefully delaying comprising performing an operating system sleep call;
after the purposeful delay, switching to a particular activity and stopping the settings activity to prevent removal of the particular application, wherein the particular application includes a client state manager installed on the computing device which communicates with a server state manager operated on a particular server accessible via a network enabled to lock or unlock the particular application;
the particular activity enabling a determining of a device administrator permission for the particular application;
storing at least one client state indicating an uninstall lock status of the particular application;
for each of the at least one client state, storing a client digest of the client state on the computing device;
receiving via the network from the particular server periodic transmissions of a particular server digest corresponding to at least one server state maintained by the particular server, which at least one server state indicates an uninstall lock status of the particular application, wherein the particular server digest further corresponds to the client digest;
comparing the particular server digest with the corresponding client digest;
transmitting to the particular server via the network a state request corresponding to the at least one server state responsive to a determination of a difference between the particular server digest and the corresponding client digest;
receiving from the particular server via the network the at least one server state;
disabling an uninstall lock on the particular application as indicated by the received at least one server state to enable removal of the particular application;
storing the received at least one server state as the corresponding at least one client state; and
storing the received particular server digest as the corresponding client digest.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising enabling at least one of a PIN dialog or a password dialog for display responsive to the disable request call.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
receiving at least one of a PIN or a password via the dialog; and
enabling removal of the particular application responsive to receiving the at least one of the PIN or the password.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein enabling removal of the particular application comprises disabling the device administrator permission for the particular application.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
enabling a dialog for display responsive to the disable request call instructing a user to contact a network accessible application server to enable removal of the particular application;
receiving instructions from the network accessible application server to enable removal of the particular application; and
enabling removal of the particular application responsive to the instructions from the network accessible application server.

6. A processor-implemented method performed by a computing device via a particular application operating on an operating system (“OS”) for controlling removal of the particular application, the method comprising:
receiving a disable request call to the particular application from the OS via settings activity;
purposefully delaying a reply to the disable request call for a particular time period, the purposefully delaying comprising performing an operating system sleep call;
after the purposeful delay, switching to a particular activity and stopping the settings activity to prevent removal of the particular application, wherein the particular application includes a client state manager installed on the computing device which communicates with a server state manager operated on a particular server accessible via a network enabled to lock or unlock the particular application;
the particular activity enabling a determining of a device administrator permission by a process comprising:
the particular activity enabling at least one of a PIN dialog or a password dialog; and
receiving at least one of a PIN or a password via the at least one of the PIN dialog or the password dialog; and

enabling removal of the particular application responsive to receiving the at least one of the PIN or the password.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the steps of enabling the purposeful delay, switching to the particular activity, and stopping the settings activity are enabled responsive to settings activated in the particular application.

8. The method of claim 6, further comprising receiving settings from the particular network accessible server, wherein the steps of enabling the purposeful delay, switching to the particular activity, and stopping the settings activity are enabled responsive to the retrieved settings.

9. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
storing at least one client state indicating an uninstall lock status of the particular application;
for each of the at least one client state, storing a client digest of the client state on the computing device;
receiving via the network from the server periodic transmissions of a particular server digest corresponding to at least one server state maintained by the server, which at least one server state indicates an uninstall lock status of the particular application, wherein the particular server digest further corresponds to the client digest;
comparing the particular server digest with the corresponding client digest;
transmitting to the server via the network a state request corresponding to the at least one server state responsive to a determination of a difference between the particular server digest and the corresponding client digest;
receiving from the server via the network the at least one server state;
disabling an uninstall lock on the particular application as indicated by the received at least one server state to enable the removal of the particular application;
storing the received at least one server state as the corresponding at least one client state; and
storing the received particular server digest as the corresponding client digest.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein the operating system is an operating system for a mobile device.

11. A processor-implemented method performed by a computing device via a particular application operating on an operating system (“OS”) for controlling removal of the particular application, the method comprising:
receiving a disable request call to the particular application from an OS via settings activity;
purposefully delaying a reply to the disable request call for a particular time period, the purposefully delaying comprising performing an operating system sleep call;
after the purposeful delay, switching to a particular activity and stopping the settings activity to prevent removal of the particular application, wherein the particular application includes a client state manager installed on the computing device which communicates with a server state manager operated on a particular server accessible via a network enabled to lock or unlock the particular application;
the particular activity enabling a determining of a device administrator permission for the particular application by a process comprising:
the particular activity enabling a dialog for display responsive to the disable request call instructing a user to contact a network accessible application server to enable removal of the particular application; and
receiving instructions from the network accessible application server to enable removal of the particular application; and

enabling removal of the particular application responsive to the instructions from the network accessible application server.