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12-1243-cv 

N.Y. State Court Officers Assoc. v. Hite, et al. 

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS 

FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT 

SUMMARY ORDER 

Rulings by summary order do not have precedential effect. Citation to a summary order 

filed on or after January 1, 2007, is permitted and is governed by Federal Rule of Appellate 

Procedure 32.1 and this court’s Local Rule 32.1.1. When citing a summary order in a document 

filed with this court, a party must cite either the Federal Appendix or an electronic database 

(with the notation “summary order”). A party citing a summary order must serve a copy of it 

on any party not represented by counsel. 

At a stated term of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, held at 

the Daniel Patrick Moynihan United States Courthouse, 500 Pearl Street, in the City of New 

York, on the 29th day of August, two thousand twelve. 

PRESENT: 

JON O. NEWMAN, 

JOSÉ A. CABRANES, 

ROBERT D. SACK, 

Circuit Judges. 

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NEW YORK STATE COURT OFFICERS ASSOCIATION, on its 

own behalf and on behalf of its current and retired members 

and their dependents, 

 Plaintiff-Appellant,

 -v.- No. 12-1243-cv 

PATRICIA A. HITE, in her official capacity as Acting 

Commissioner of the New York State Department of 

Civil Service, CAROLINE W. AHL and J. DENNIS HANRAHAN, 

in their official capacities as Commissioners of the New York 

State Civil Service Commission, ROBERT L. MEGNA, in his 

official capacity as Director of the New York State Division of 

the Budget, THOMAS P. DINAPOLI, in his official capacity as 

Comptroller of the State of New York, JONATHAN LIPPMAN,
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in his official capacity as Chief Judge of the Unified Court 

System, 

Defendants-Appellees.

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 FOR APPELLANTS: JAMES E. TYRRELL, JR. (Joseph E. Hopkins, Amer S. Pharaon, on the 

brief), Patton Boggs LLP, New York, NY.

 FOR APPELLEES: JULIE M. SHERIDAN, Assistant Solicitor General (Barbara D. 

Underwood, Solicitor General, Andrea Oser, Deputy Solicitor 

General, Andrew B. Ayers, Assistant Solicitor General, of counsel), 

for Eric T. Schneiderman, Attorney General of the State of New 

York, Albany, NY. 

Appeal from a March 15, 2012 order of the United States District Court for the Southern 

District of New York (Shira A. Scheindlin, Judge).2

UPON DUE CONSIDERATION, IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, ADJUDGED, AND 

DECREED that the March 15, 2012 order of the District Court be AFFIRMED. 

Appellants appeal from an order of the District Court denying the motion of the New York 

State Court Officers Association (the “Union”) for a preliminary injunction against the New York 

Unified Court System (“UCS”) and various state officials. We assume familiarity with the underlying 

facts and procedural history of this case. 

This appeal arises out of a contract dispute between the Union and UCS, in which the Union 

alleged that UCS illegally and unconstitutionally reduced its rate of contribution to the Union’s health 

insurance premiums, in violation of the Contract Clause of the United States Constitution, U.S. Const. 

Art. I, § 10, and in violation of state law. The District Court conducted an evidentiary hearing on 

March 9, 2012, and thereafter issued an opinion and order denying the motion for preliminary 

 1 The Clerk is directed to amend the official caption as indicated above. 

2 The case has since been transferred to the United States District Court for the Northern District of New York, 

and is assigned to Judge Mae A. D’Agostino. We were informed at oral argument that it has been consolidated for pretrial 

purposes with several other cases pending there. 
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injunction. The District Court held, inter alia, that the terms of the Collective Bargaining Agreement 

(“CBA”) unambiguously permitted UCS to reduce its rate of contribution to the Union’s health 

insurance plan to correspond with the rate being paid by the State to other state employee unions, and 

that a state law prohibiting such a reduction neither barred the reduction nor constituted an implied 

term of the contract. 

On appeal, appellants allege that the District Court erred in: (1) treating the preliminary 

injunction sought by the Union as “mandatory” rather than “prohibitory,” and therefore requiring the 

Union to demonstrate a “clear or substantial likelihood of success” rather than merely a “likelihood of 

success”; (2) holding that the Union failed to prove a clear or substantial likelihood of success on the 

merits of its Contracts Clause claim; (3) finding that the CBA does not contractually obligate UCS to 

continue paying the same percentage of costs toward the health insurance of current Union members 

and retirees; (4) failing to hold that the laws governing state health plan contributions at the time the 

CBA was signed constituted implied terms of the CBA; (5) holding that N.Y. Civil Service Law § 167 

does not create a contractual obligation for the state to continue paying health care contributions at the 

established rate; and (6) concluding that the legislature’s recent amendment to § 167 and promulgation 

of other related regulations does not substantially impair the Union’s contractual rights. 

 A district court may grant a preliminary injunction if the moving party establishes 

“(a) irreparable harm and (b) either (1) likelihood of success on the merits or (2) sufficiently serious 

questions going to the merits to make them a fair ground for litigation and a balance of hardships 

tipping decidedly toward the party requesting the preliminary relief.” UBS Fin. Servs., Inc. v. W. Va. Univ. 

Hosps., Inc., 660 F.3d 643, 648 (2d Cir. 2011). In reviewing a district court’s decision to deny a 

preliminary injunction, “we review the district court’s legal holdings de novo and its ultimate decision for 

abuse of discretion.” Cnty. of Nassau, N.Y. v. Leavitt, 524 F.3d 408, 414 (2d Cir. 2008) (citation and 
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quotation marks omitted); cf. Sims v. Blot, 534 F.3d 117, 132 (2d Cir. 2008) (explaining that the term of art 

“abuse of discretion” includes errors of law). 

CONCLUSION 

We have carefully reviewed the record and the parties’ arguments on appeal, and we affirm the 

March 15, 2012 order of the District Court for substantially the reasons stated in its opinion and order 

of that date.3 We remand the cause for such further proceedings as may be appropriate. 

FOR THE COURT, 

Catherine O’Hagan Wolfe, Clerk of Court 

 3 We note that even if an incorrect standard was used with respect to a preliminary injunction, the conclusion that 

the plaintiff did not show a likelihood of success was not an abuse of discretion. We intimate no views on the ultimate 

merits as may be developed upon a full trial.