# Patent

## Title
Method of displaying traffic flow data representing traffic conditions

## Abstract

A computer-implemented method of displaying traffic flow data representing traffic conditions on a road system includes creating a graphical map of the road system which includes one or more segments. The status of each segment on the graphical map is determined such that the status of each segment corresponds to the traffic flow data associated with that segment. An animated traffic flow map of the road system is created by combining the graphical map and the status of each segment.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/408,652 filed Sep. 6, 2002 and entitled “Method of Producing Animated Television Graphics For Displaying Real-Time Traffic Conditions.”


COMPACT DISC APPENDIX
This patent application includes an Appendix on one compact disc having a file named appendix.txt, created on May 28, 2003, and having a size of 1,748,579 bytes. The compact disc is incorporated by reference into the present patent application.
COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND AUTHORIZATION
Portions of the documentation in this patent document contain material that is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates generally to methods for graphically displaying traffic information for television broadcast, and more specifically to utilizing real-time traffic flow data to graphically display animated images representing that traffic flow data.
Graphics used in displaying traffic information to a broadcast television or cable audience are well known in the art. Generally, these are static graphics manually placed on a background static map or placed on a web page, which is rendered into a NTSC or similar signal for broadcast television. FIG. 1 depicts an example of such a system presently used to convey traffic information on television using a flat map. Television announcers use flat static maps containing traffic information as backdrops to talk over and convey traffic conditions.
Another known system is designed and utilized by Mobility Technologies, Inc., which converts real-time traffic flow data from a proprietary system into a color coded static web image graphic such as a GIF, or JPEG format. This graphic image is retrieved over the Internet or a similar connection by a television station, which then renders the static web image into a broadcast signal such as NTSC. FIG. 2 shows an example of such a system presently used by Mobility Technologies to convey traffic flow data. In FIG. 2, traffic flow data is depicted with different status colors to represent current road conditions. The status colors (i.e., green, yellow, red) represent the traffic flow data for a particular portion, or segment of roadway. Although this data results from real-time traffic flow data, it is limited to a static display of colors with no motion to depict current road conditions. The status colors cannot change in real-time as actual road conditions change because a static web image must initially be created from the traffic flow data.
However, the method utilized by Mobility Technologies, as well as the other known methods of graphically displaying traffic information, have various disadvantages. The most significant disadvantage is that the graphical image of the traffic flow is static. That is, the graphic is simply a picture (sometimes in color) of a pre-existing traffic flow map, which is then placed on television. As such, the image is not visually appealing. The traffic flow map does not provide an automated or animated, real-time representation of the actual, current traffic conditions at the instant the image is broadcast over the television network. Furthermore, the background graphic images used to create the traffic flow map tend to have very large file sizes, even though the amount of actual traffic data which is changing in real-time is quite small in comparison to overall file size of the traffic flow map. Therefore, the transport of the image data containing the traffic flow map from the web page to the television network results in large data transport inefficiencies. Additionally, because the rendered traffic graphic is a static, raster-based image, there is presently no easy method to override an individual traffic flow segment (i.e., a discrete portion of a roadway) shown on the traffic flow map in the case of an error, or just for visual purposes of TV broadcasting.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention overcomes these disadvantages by significantly improving the current methods of producing and providing traffic information. One aspect of the present invention provides a television or cable station with a traffic flow map that visually shows an animated graphic of the traffic conditions on one or more roadways in and around a metropolitan area. The traffic flow map is automatically generated from real-time traffic flow data, and continually changes in real-time as the actual, current traffic conditions change.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a data stream containing traffic flow data (for example, speed, volume and density) which has parameters that allow it to be input into a third party graphics engine to produce corresponding color coded animated traffic flow on the traffic flow map.
Another aspect of the present invention provides an override capability, such that if there is a technical or visual error with the traffic flow data displayed, the end producer of the TV broadcast product is able to redefine the traffic flow map on a segment-by-segment basis.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS
The present invention will be more fully understood from the detailed description given herein below and the accompanying drawings, which are given by way of illustration only and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention.
The patent or application file contains at least one drawing executed in color. Copies of this patent or patent application publication with color drawing(s) will be provided by the Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a static traffic flow map according to a method of displaying traffic information generally known in the art;
FIG. 2 is a static color coded traffic flow map according to another method of displaying traffic information generally known in the art;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the traffic flow data system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an animated, color coded traffic flow map according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an animated, color coded traffic flow map according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a table depicting an example from sensor to segment traffic flow data at time T0 according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an animated, color coded traffic flow map according to the example representation of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a table depicting an example from sensor to segment traffic flow data at time T1 according to the embodiment of FIG. 6; and
FIG. 9 is an animated, color coded traffic flow map according to the example representation of FIG. 8.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a method for supplying aggregated, real-time traffic flow data into a third-party graphical engine to produce real-time, animated, broadcast quality, traffic reports to television and cable stations. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the traffic reports may also be rendered for satellite broadcast.
Embodiments of the present invention are described by way the architectural diagram shown in FIG. 3, and the software code base that was utilized during development of the present invention. A copy of the software code is attached as “Appendix”. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the collection of digital real-time traffic data is generally know in the art, and is omitted from the present disclosure, as well as the attached code, for simplicity, and should not be considered limiting. Additionally, the attached code is dependent on the following known technologies:

    
    
        1. Java 2 SDK version 1.3
        2. J2EE version 1.3 Application Server
        3. Xerces version 1
        4. Xalan version 1
        5. Oracle JDBC version 8.1.7
    
    


Referring to FIG. 3, the present invention provides a means to send real-time changes of traffic flow data to the third-party graphical engine (potentially located within a broadcast station) using a unique data format (described in the attached code). In one preferred embodiment, the traffic flow data is transmitted directly from the data rendering server to the broadcast station. The traffic flow data includes graphical information related to the actual sensor and/or segment data which the graphical engine uses to create a traffic flow map. Since only the changing real-time traffic flow data is transmitted to the graphical engine, the present invention provides very efficient transfer of the traffic flow data.
Upon the collection of real-time traffic flow data, the present invention allows television stations to integrate a real-time data feed of current traffic conditions to produce animated, color coded graphics that convey travel speeds, volume, congestion (density) along a given section of roadway, or over an entire metropolitan road network. The traffic flow data, representing the current traffic conditions, is combined with a customized look and feel to create the traffic flow map. Color coded, moving graphics, which follow the actual roadway for which the traffic flow data is being provided, complete the traffic flow map so that an the end user sees an accurate, graphical, color coded representation of current traffic conditions which reflect real-time changes in the traffic flow (see FIG. 4). FIG. 5 shows an example of a traffic flow map for an entire metropolitan area. Thus, the graphics on the traffic flow map not only represent current traffic information, but also show changes in real-time as actual traffic conditions change.
The traffic flow data provided to the third-party graphical engine allows for automatic animation of the traffic flow conditions when displayed by the graphical engine to the television viewer. The animation is designed to show the movement of cars (or similar graphical representations) in the exact segment of the highway to which that particular traffic flow data refers. The animation is geographically located on the traffic flow map to correspond to the geographical location of the particular road segment. The animation is representative of the current actual speed, volume, and density within that segment. The cars on the traffic flow map move within a segment on the map at a rate representative of the actual roadway speed for that segment. The number of cars on that segment of the map represents the actual volume of cars in that segment. The color of a particular segment and the cars within it represents the current density of that segment. The ability to provide this level of detail for animation is based on specific parameters provided in the traffic flow data that is input into the graphical engine.
Another unique aspect is that the traffic flow data provided to the graphical engine (and thus the traffic flow map) also allows for the input of incident information such as an “over turned car” or “two car accident” as well as traditional flow data (speed, volume and density). Incident information can subsequently be integrated into the traffic flow map to further indicate the real-time traffic conditions in a particular roadway segment.
FIGS. 6–9 illustrate an example of the present invention. The table of FIG. 6 depicts the initial state (at time T0) of a collection of sensors which monitor traffic flow for I-95 NB. The column for the ‘Sensor Id’ contains a unique identifier for each sensor. The ‘Location’ is a textual description of the location of the corresponding sensor. The ‘Direction’ is the direction of travel the corresponding sensor is monitoring. The ‘Raw Data’ is the last reading of the raw speed data, broken down by lane. The ‘Processed Data’ is a direction-based speed value associated with the corresponding sensor. For the purposes of this example, the Processed Data is an average of the three raw data lanes. In the actual real-time system, the Processed Data is a fairly complicated calculation of current speed readings by lane, historical data, volume and occupancy. Finally, the ‘Segment Feed’ is the final output that is sent to the Graphics Workstation for processing of the traffic flow data. The ‘Segment Id’ is a unique identifier for the segment being illustrated by the graphics engine and the ‘Value’ is a value representing the state of the segment, where 0 is equivalent to green (fast moving vehicles having a speed >40 MPH), 1 is equivalent to yellow (moderate moving cars having a speed from 20–40 MPH), and 2 is equivalent to red (very slow moving cars having a speed <20 MPH).
Note that in this example there are three segments that are in the yellow, moderate congestion state (ids 1007, 1009, 1013) and one segment is in the red, heavy congestion state (id 1008). The remaining three segments are in a free-flow, green state. This final data is represented in the end product in FIG. 7. As time changes to T1 the sensor values change based on the current traffic conditions, represented by the table of FIG. 8. Note that the state changes are reflected from the sensor data, from the real-time data collection of the sensors. The highlighted lines of FIG. 8 reflect sensors that have changed state from time T0 to time T1. This state change is reflected in the end product view in FIG. 9.
The present invention may be implemented with any combination of hardware and software. If implemented as a computer-implemented apparatus, the present invention is implemented using means for performing all of the steps and functions described above.
The present invention may be implemented with any combination of hardware and software. The present invention can be included in an article of manufacture (e.g., one or more computer program products) having, for instance, computer useable media. The media has embodied therein, for instance, computer readable program code means for providing and facilitating the mechanisms of the present invention. The article of manufacture can be included as part of a computer system or sold separately.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes could be made to the embodiments described above without departing from the broad inventive concept thereof. It is understood, therefore, that this invention is not limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but it is intended to cover modifications within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

## Claims

1. A computer-implemented method of displaying traffic flow data representing traffic conditions on a road system, the method comprising:
(a) creating a graphical map of the road system, the graphical map including one or more segments;
(b) determining a status of each segment on the graphical map, the status of each segment corresponding to the traffic flow data associated with that segment;
(c) creating an animated traffic flow map of the road system by combining the graphical map and the status of each segment; and
(d) updating the traffic flow data in real-time, the traffic flow map reflecting the updated traffic data, the traffic flow map thereby being updated in real-time,
wherein the animated traffic flow map depicts artificial moving images.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the traffic flow data is obtained from roadside sensors.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein each segment on the traffic flow map is color coded to reflect its respective status.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein each segment on the traffic flow map is animated to reflect its respective status by simulating different vehicle speeds that are representative of actual vehicle speeds.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein each segment on the traffic flow map simulates vehicle densities that are representative of actual vehicle densities on the road system.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein one or more segments of the traffic flow map are redefined by an end user.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein one or more icons corresponding to incident information for one of the segments are placed on the traffic flow map.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in video format.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in broadcast television format.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in cable television format.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in satellite broadcast format.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein step (a) further comprises creating a graphical map having a plurality of segments.

13. The method of claim 1 wherein the traffic flow map shows traffic flow data in both directions of travel.

14. The method of claim 1 wherein step (b) further comprises continually determining a status of each segment on the graphical map.

15. A computer-implemented method of displaying traffic conditions for a road system on a graphical map, the graphical map including one or more segments, each segment having animated traffic flow corresponding to a status for that link, the method comprising:
(a) evaluating traffic flow data in real time to determine a status change of one or more of the segments on the graphical map, the status change corresponding to the traffic flow data associated with the one or more segments; and
(b) changing the animated traffic flow of the one or more segments in real time to reflect the status change of the one or more segments,
wherein the animated traffic flow depicts artificial moving images.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in video format.

17. The method of claim 15 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in broadcast television format.

18. The method of claim 15 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in cable television format.

19. The method of claim 15 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in satellite broadcast format.

20. The method of claim 15 wherein the graphical map includes a plurality of segments.

21. The method of claim 15 wherein the traffic flow is shown in both directions of travel.

22. The method of claim 15 wherein step (a) further comprises continually evaluating traffic flow data in real time to determine a status change of one or more of the segments on the graphical map.

23. A computer-implemented method of rendering traffic flow data representing traffic conditions on a road system, the road system including one or more segments, the method comprising:
(a) providing graphical data of the road system and the corresponding segments;
(b) collecting traffic flow data in realtime corresponding to each segment on the road system;
(c) determining a status of each segment, the status corresponding to the traffic flow data associated with that segment; and
(d) inputting the graphical data and the status of each segment into a graphics engine to generate a real-time animated traffic flow map of the road system,
wherein the animated traffic flow map depicts artificial moving images.

24. The method of claim 23 wherein step (d) further comprises inputting the traffic flow data to the graphics engine for updating the status of the segments.

25. The method of claim 23 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in video format.

26. The method of claim 23 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in broadcast television format.

27. The method of claim 23 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in cable television format.

28. The method of claim 23 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in satellite broadcast format.

29. The method of claim 23 wherein the road system includes a plurality of segments.

30. The method of claim 23 wherein the traffic flow map shows traffic flow data in both directions of travel.

31. The method of claim 23 wherein step (c) further comprises continually determining a status of each segment.

32. An animated traffic flow map representing traffic conditions on a road system comprising:
(a) a graphical map of the road system, the graphical map including one or more segments of the road system; and
(b) animated traffic flow on the graphical map associated with each segment, the animated traffic flow corresponding to traffic flow data associated with that segment, wherein the traffic flow data is updated in real-time,
wherein the animated traffic flow depicts artificial moving images.

33. The traffic flow map of claim 32 wherein each segment on the graphical map is color coded to reflect the traffic conditions of that segment.

34. The traffic flow map of claim 32 wherein each segment on the graphical map is animated to reflect the traffic conditions of that segment by simulating different vehicle speeds that are representative of actual vehicle speeds.

35. The traffic flow map of claim 32 wherein each segment on the graphical map simulates vehicle densities that are representative of actual vehicle densities on the road system.

36. The traffic flow map of claim 32 wherein one or more segments on the graphical map are redefined by an end user.

37. The traffic flow map of claim 32 wherein one or more icons corresponding to incident information for one of the segments are placed on the graphical map.

38. The traffic flow map of claim 32 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in video format.

39. The traffic flow map of claim 32 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in broadcast television format.

40. The traffic flow map of claim 32 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in cable television format.

41. The traffic flow map of claim 32 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in satellite broadcast format.

42. The traffic flow map of claim 32 wherein the graphical map has a plurality of segments.

43. The traffic flow map of claim 32 wherein the traffic flow is shown in both directions of travel.

44. The traffic flow map of claim 32 wherein the traffic flow data is continually updated in real-time.

45. A computer-implemented method of displaying traffic flow data representing traffic conditions on a road system, the method comprising:
(a) creating a graphical map of the road system, the graphical map including one or more segments;
(b) determining a status of each segment on the graphical map, the status of each segment corresponding to the traffic flow data associated with that segment; and
(c) automatically, and without user input, creating an animated traffic flow map of the road system by combining the graphical map and the status of each segment,
wherein the animated traffic flow map depicts artificial moving images.

46. The method of claim 45 further comprising:
(d) updating the traffic flow data, the traffic flow map reflecting the updated traffic data.

47. The method of claim 46 wherein the traffic flow map is updated in real-time.

48. The method of claim 45 wherein the traffic flow data is obtained from roadside sensors.

49. The method of claim 45 wherein each segment on the traffic flow map is color coded to reflect its respective status.

50. The method of claim 45 wherein each segment on the traffic flow map is animated to reflect its respective status by simulating different vehicle speeds that are representative of actual vehicle speeds.

51. The method of claim 45 wherein each segment on the traffic flow map simulates vehicle densities that are representative of actual vehicle densities on the road system.

52. The method of claim 45 wherein one or more segments of the traffic flow map are redefined by an end user.

53. The method of claim 45 wherein one or more icons corresponding to incident information for one of the segments are placed on the traffic flow map.

54. The method of claim 45 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in video format.

55. The method of claim 45 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in broadcast television format.

56. The method of claim 45 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in cable television format.

57. The method of claim 45 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in satellite broadcast format.

58. The method of claim 45 wherein step (a) further comprises creating a graphical map having a plurality of segments.

59. The method of claim 58 wherein the segments are predefined and the graphical map is created from the predefined segments.

60. The method of claim 58 wherein the status of each segment is determined automatically and without user input.

61. The method of claim 45 wherein the traffic flow map shows traffic flow data in both directions of travel.

62. A computer-implemented method of displaying traffic conditions for a road system on a graphical map, the graphical map including one or more segments, each segment having animated traffic flow corresponding to a status for that link, the method comprising:
(a) evaluating traffic flow data to determine a status change of one or more of the segments on the graphical map, the status change corresponding to the traffic flow data associated with the one or more segments; and
(b) automatically, and without user input, changing the animated traffic flow of the one or more segments to reflect the status change of the one or more segments,
wherein the animated traffic flow depicts artificial moving images.

63. The method of claim 62 wherein the traffic flow data is evaluated in real time.

64. The method of claim 62 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in video format.

65. The method of claim 62 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in broadcast television format.

66. The method of claim 62 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in cable television format.

67. The method of claim 62 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in satellite broadcast format.

68. The method of claim 62 wherein the graphical map includes a plurality of segments.

69. The method of claim 68 wherein the segments are predefined and the graphical map is created from the predefined segments.

70. The method of claim 68 wherein the status of each segment is determined automatically and without user input.

71. The method of claim 62 wherein the traffic flow is shown in both directions of travel.

72. A computer-implemented method of rendering traffic flow data representing traffic conditions on a road system, the road system including one or more segments, the method comprising:
(a) providing graphical data of the road system and the corresponding segments;
(b) collecting traffic flow data corresponding to each segment on the road system;
(c) determining a status of each segment, the status corresponding to the traffic flow data associated with that segment; and
(d) automatically, and without user input, inputting the graphical data and the status of each segment into a graphics engine to generate an animated traffic flow map of the road system,
wherein the animated traffic flow map depicts artificial moving images.

73. The method of claim 72 wherein the traffic flow data is collected in real time.

74. The method of claim 72 wherein step (d) further comprises inputting the traffic flow data to the graphics engine for updating the status of the segments.

75. The method of claim 72 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in video format.

76. The method of claim 72 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in broadcast television format.

77. The method of claim 72 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in cable television format.

78. The method of claim 72 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in satellite broadcast format.

79. The method of claim 72 wherein the road system includes a plurality of segments.

80. The method of claim 74 wherein the segments are predefined and the traffic flow map is created from the predefined segments.

81. The method of claim 74 wherein the status of each segment is determined automatically and without user input.

82. The method of claim 72 wherein the traffic flow map shows traffic flow data in both directions of travel.

83. An automatically generated animated traffic flow map representing traffic conditions on a road system comprising:
(a) a graphical map of the road system, the graphical map including one or more segments of the road system; and
(b) animated traffic flow on the graphical map associated with each segment, the animated traffic flow corresponding to traffic flow data associated with that segment, the animated traffic flow being automatically generated without user input,
wherein the animated traffic flow depicts artificial moving images.

84. The traffic flow map of claim 83 wherein the animated traffic flow is updated in real-time.

85. The traffic flow map of claim 83 wherein each segment on the graphical map is color coded to reflect the traffic conditions of that segment.

86. The traffic flow map of claim 83 wherein each segment on the graphical map is animated to reflect the traffic conditions of that segment by simulating different vehicle speeds that are representative of actual vehicle speeds.

87. The traffic flow map of claim 83 wherein each segment on the graphical map simulates vehicle densities that are representative of actual vehicle densities on the road system.

88. The traffic flow map of claim 83 wherein one or more segments on the graphical map are redefined by an end user.

89. The traffic flow map of claim 83 wherein one or more icons corresponding to incident information for one of the segments are placed on the graphical map.

90. The traffic flow map of claim 83 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in video format.

91. The traffic flow map of claim 83 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in broadcast television format.

92. The traffic flow map of claim 83 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in cable television format.

93. The traffic flow map of claim 83 wherein the traffic flow map is rendered in satellite broadcast format.

94. The traffic flow map of claim 83 wherein the graphical map has a plurality of segments.

95. The method of claim 94 wherein the segments are predefined and the graphical map is created from the predefined segments.

96. The method of claim 94 wherein the status of each segment is determined automatically and without user input.

97. The traffic flow map of claim 83 wherein the traffic flow is shown in both directions of travel.