{"id":581158,"date":"2024-01-26T11:08:40","date_gmt":"2024-01-26T16:08:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?post_type=topic&p=581158"},"modified":"2024-02-13T17:29:58","modified_gmt":"2024-02-13T22:29:58","slug":"nasa-senior-leadership-oral-histories","status":"publish","type":"topic","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/nasa-senior-leadership-oral-histories\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA Senior Leadership Oral Histories"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\" hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-secondary-navigation\"><div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-wrapper z-top width-100 padding-0\"><div id=\"\" class=\"hds-secondary-navigation width-full border-bottom-1px text-center hds-color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-hdsnav\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"hds-secondary-nav-mobile-button display-flex tablet:display-flex desktop:display-none width-full flex-align-center bg-carbon-90 border-color-carbon-80 color-spacesuit-white\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"hds-secondary-nav-track\"><span>NASA History<\/span><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewBox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\" \/><\/svg><\/button><div class=\"hds-secondary-nav-track grid-container grid-container-extrawide padding-0 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-2 hds-secondary-navigation-has-breadcrumbs\"><div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-breadcrumbs display-none tablet:display-none desktop:display-flex flex-align-center\"><nav class=\"usa-breadcrumb\" aria-label=\"Breadcrumbs\"><ol class=\"usa-breadcrumb__list\"><li class=\"usa-breadcrumb__list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/\" class=\"usa-breadcrumb__link\"><span>Home<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-breadcrumb__list-item\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/\" class=\"usa-breadcrumb__link\"><span>History Publications and...<\/span><\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-breadcrumb__list-item usa-current\" aria-current=\"page\"><span>NASA Senior Leadership Oral...<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/nav><\/div><div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items\"><nav><ul class=\"usa-nav__primary usa-accordion flex-justify-center margin-0\"><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/explore-nasas-history\/\">Explore NASA’s History<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-office\/\">NASA History Office<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"basic-nav-section-one\"><span>Publications and Resources<\/span><svg class=\"hds-desktop-submenu-toggle-icon display-none tablet:display-none desktop:display-block\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewBox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\" \/><\/svg><svg class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon display-block tablet:display-block desktop:display-none\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle cx=\"8\" cy=\"8\" r=\"7.5\" fill=\"#0B3D91\" stroke=\"white\"\/><rect x=\"4\" y=\"7.6001\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" fill=\"white\"\/><rect class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon-line-vertical\" x=\"7.59998\" y=\"12\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" transform=\"rotate(-90 7.59998 12)\" fill=\"white\"\/><\/svg><\/button><ul id=\"basic-nav-section-one\" class=\"usa-nav__submenu\" hidden><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/nasa-history-series\/\">NASA History Series<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/news-and-notes\/\">News and Notes<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/aeronautics-and-space-report-of-the-president\/\">Aeronautics and Space Report of the President<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/oral-histories\/\">Oral Histories<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/other-research-resources\/\">Research Resources<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/archives\/\">NASA Archives<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-menu-spacer\"> <\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-0 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-page-intro\">\n\t<div class=\"padding-0 bg-spacesuit-white wp-block-nasa-blocks-page-intro\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-page-intro hds-page-intro-banner width-full maxw-full padding-0 hds-cover-wrapper minh-tablet\">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-foreground-wrapper display-flex\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto margin-bottom-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-top-9 padding-x-3 z-400\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-4 margin-bottom-3 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"page-heading-md line-height-sm color-spacesuit-white-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNASA Senior Leadership\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-lg color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tThe National Aeronautics and Space Act, the United States federal statute that created NASA, was signed into law on July 29, 1958. President Eisenhower commissioned  T. Keith Glennan (right) as NASA’s first administrator and Dr. Hugh L. Dryden as deputy administrator. \t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-4 margin-bottom-3 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200\"><\/div>\n\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1630\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"From left to right, Dr. Hugh L. Dryden, President Dwight D. Eisenhower, and Dr. T. Keith Glennan smile as they have a discussion. Dryden and Eisenhower hold cylindrical objects in their hands; Glennan looks down at their hands. They are all wearing suits.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 47% 9%; object-position: 47% 9%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?resize=300,239 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?resize=768,611 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?resize=1024,815 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?resize=1536,1223 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?resize=2048,1630 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?resize=400,318 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?resize=600,478 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?resize=900,716 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?resize=1200,955 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?resize=2000,1592 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/figure>\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n<p>The NASA History Office gathers first-hand experiences through oral history interviews from a variety of individuals serving in the NASA and contractor work force, eliciting details of procedures, processes, methodologies, rationale, and background of operations. The following interviews are an attempt to document the experiences of NASA’s senior leadership, their personal histories, the lessons learned, their thoughts on NASA’s past, and the decisions made that have directed NASA’s priorities over the years and continue to do so into the future.  This effort is ongoing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Positions and titles listed reflect the senior positions that the subject held at a NASA Center or NASA Headquarters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:17px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Oral Histories with <br>NASA Senior Leadership<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>Name<\/th><th>Interview Date(s)<\/th><th>Positions\/Titles<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>James A. Abrahamson<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/AbrahamsonJA\/AbrahamsonJA_7-23-12.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/23\/12<\/a><\/td><td>Associate Administrator, Space Shuttle Program<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Arnold D. Aldrich<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/AldrichAD\/AldrichAD_6-24-00.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/4\/00<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/AldrichAD\/AldrichAD_5-24-02.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">5\/24\/02<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/SSP\/AldrichAD_4-28-08.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/28\/08<\/a><\/td><td>Director, National Space Transportation System<br>Associate Administrator, Office of Aeronautics and Space Exploration<br>Associate Administrator, Office of Space Systems<br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/SSP\/AldrichAD_Challenger.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Challenger Accident Lessons Learned by A. D. Aldrich<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Edward C. “Pete” Aldridge <\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/AldridgeEC\/AldridgeEC_5-29-09.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">5\/29\/09<\/a><\/td><td>USAF-NASA Liaison; Chairman, Commission on the Implementation of U.S. Exploration Policy<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>James M. Beggs<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/BeggsJM\/BeggsJM_3-7-02.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/7\/02<\/a><\/td><td>Assistant Administrator, Office of Advanced Research and Technology; NASA Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td> Jeff M. Bingham<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/BinghamJM\/BinghamJM_11-9-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">11\/9\/06<\/a><\/td><td>Senior Adviser for Space, Aeronautics and Related Sciences, Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Charles F. Bolden<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/BoldenCF\/BoldenCF_1-6-04.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">1\/6\/04<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/BoldenCF\/BoldenCF_1-15-04.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">1\/15\/04<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Robert D. Cabana <\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/ISS\/CabanaRD\/CabanaRD_ISS_7-15-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/15\/15<\/a> (ISS)<br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/CabanaRD\/CabanaRD_7-15-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/15\/15<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/CabanaRD\/CabanaRD_11-17-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">11\/17\/15<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/CabanaRD\/CabanaRD_4-28-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/28\/17<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Human Space Flight Programs, Russia; Deputy Program Manager, ISS; Director, FCOD; Deputy Director, Johnson Space Center; Director, Stennis Space Center; Director, Kennedy Space Center; NASA Associate Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Frank J. Cepollina<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/CepollinaFJ\/CepollinaFJ_6-11-13.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/11\/13<\/a><\/td><td>Goddard Space Flight Center Associate Director, Satellite Servicing Capabilities Office<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mary L. Cleave<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/CleaveML\/CleaveML_3-5-02.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/5\/02<\/a><\/td><td>Deputy Associate Administrator, Earth Science<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lynn F. H. Cline<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/ClineLFH\/ClineLFH_3-17-16.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/17\/16<\/a><\/td><td>International Affairs Officer; Deputy Director, International Relations; Director of Space Flight, Office of External Relations; Deputy Assistant Administrator, External Relations; Deputy Associate Administrator, Space Flight<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Michael L. Coats<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/CoatsML\/CoatsML_4-16-08.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">1\/4\/08<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/CoatsML\/CoatsML_4-16-08.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/16\/08<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/CoatsML\/CoatsML_11-9-12.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">11\/9\/12<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/CoatsML\/CoatsML_7-14-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/14\/15<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/CoatsML\/CoatsML_8-5-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">8\/5\/15<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/CoatsML\/CoatsML_9-14-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">9\/14\/15<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Johnson Space Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Robert W. Cobb<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/CobbRW\/CobbRW_3-20-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/20\/07<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Inspector General<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Mark K. Craig<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/CraigMK\/CraigMK_3-24-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/24\/06<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/CraigMK\/CraigMK_4-11-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/11\/06<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/CraigMK\/CraigMK_5-2-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">5\/2\/06<\/a><\/td><td>Deputy Center Director and Acting Center Director, Stennis Space Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>John R. Dailey<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/DaileyJR\/DaileyJR_7-24-12.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/24\/12<\/a><\/td><td>Director, National Air and Space Museum; Acting Associate Deputy Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Shana L. Dale<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/DaleSL\/DaleSL_9-11-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">9\/11\/07<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Deputy Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Alphonso V. Diaz<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/SMD\/DiazAV\/DiazAV_4-12-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/12\/17<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/SMD\/DiazAV\/DiazAV_6-6-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/6\/17<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Chief Engineer; Deputy Director and Director, Goddard Space Flight Center; NASA Associate Administrator of Science<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Julian M. Earls<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/EarlsJM\/EarlsJM_2-22-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">2\/22\/06<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/EarlsJM\/EarlsJM_2-23-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">2\/23\/06<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Office of Health Services; Assistant Deputy Director, Business Resources Development; Director and Chief Information Officer, Administration and Computer Services; Deputy Director, Operations; Deputy Director and Director, Glenn Research Center (Lewis Research Center)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Charles Elachi<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/ElachiC\/ElachiC_4-23-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/23\/07<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Jet Propulsion Laboratory<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Harold B Finger<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/FingerHB\/FingerHB_5-16-02.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">5\/16\/02<\/a><\/td><td>Assistant Director, Nuclear Propulsion, Launch Vehicle Programs Directorate; Director, Nuclear Systems, Office of Advanced Research and Technology (OART); Division Director, Nuclear Systems and Space Power, OART; Manager, Joint Atomic Energy Commission-NASA Space Nuclear Propulsion Office; Associate Administrator, Organization and Management<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lennard A. Fisk<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/FiskLA\/FiskLA_9-8-10.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">9\/8\/10<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/FiskLA\/FiskLA_9-9-10.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">9\/9\/10<\/a><\/td><td>Chief Scientist, Associate Administrator of Space Science and Applications<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Stephen M. Francois<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/FrancoisSM\/FrancoisSM_7-22-08.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/22\/08<\/a><\/td><td>Deputy, Shuttle Payload Operations Directorate; Director, Space Station and Shuttle Payloads; Program Manager, Launch Services Program<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Edward A. Frankle<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/FrankleEA\/FrankleEA_11-18-03.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">11\/18\/03<\/a><\/td><td>Chief Counsel, Goddard Space Flight Center; NASA Deputy General Counsel and General Counsel<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Arnold W. Frutkin<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/FrutkinAW\/FrutkinAW_1-11-02.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">1\/11\/02<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/FrutkinAW\/FrutkinAW_3-8-02.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/8\/02<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Assistant Administrator for International Affairs<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>William H. Gerstenmaier<\/td><td><a href=\"http:\/\/spaceflight.nasa.gov\/history\/shuttle-mir\/people\/oral-histories\/gerstenmaier.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">9\/22\/98<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/GerstenmaierWH\/GerstenmaierWH_1-10-08.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">1\/10\/08<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/C3PO\/GerstenmaierWH\/GerstenmaierWH_6-12-13.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/12\/13<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/GerstenmaierWH\/GerstenmaierWH_6-7-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/7\/17<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/gerstenmaierwh-7-9-21.pdf?emrc=6cea3a\">7\/9\/21<\/a><\/td><td>Manager, Shuttle\/Mir Program Operations; Manager, Space Shuttle Program Integration; Manager, International Space Station Program; Associate Administrator for Space Operations Directorate; Associate Administrator, Human Exploration and Operations Directorate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Rex D. Geveden<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/GevedenRD\/GevedenRD_3-20-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/20\/07<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Associate Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Richard J. Gilbrech<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/GilbrechRJ\/GilbrechRJ_3-6-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/6\/07<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Stennis Space Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Daniel S. Goldin<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/GoldinDS\/GoldinDS_9-21-13.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">9\/21\/13<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>James L. Green<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/SMD\/GreenJL\/GreenJL_4-11-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/11\/17<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/SMD\/GreenJL\/GreenJL_6-7-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/7\/17<\/a><\/td><td>Director of the Planetary Science Division<br>NASA Chief Scientist<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Frederick D. Gregory<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/GregoryFD\/GregoryFD_4-29-04.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/29\/04<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/GregoryFD\/GregoryFD_3-14-05.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/14\/05<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/GregoryFD\/GregoryFD_4-18-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/18\/06<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Associate Administrator, Office of Safety and Mission Assurance; NASA Associate Administrator, Office of Space Flight; NASA Deputy Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gerald D. Griffin<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/GriffinGD\/GDG_3-12-99.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/12\/99<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Assistant Administrator, Legislative Affairs; NASA Deputy Associate Administrator for Space Flight Operations; Deputy Director, Dryden Flight Research Center and Kennedy Space Center; NASA Associate Administrator, External Relations; Director, Johnson Space Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Michael D. Griffin<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/GriffinMD\/GriffinMD_9-10-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">9\/10\/07<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/C3PO\/GriffinMD\/GriffinMD_1-12-13.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">1\/12\/13<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>N. Wayne Hale<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/SSP\/HaleNW_4-14-08.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/14\/08<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/HaleNW\/HaleNW_4-23-14.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/23\/14<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/HaleNW\/HaleNW_5-28-14.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">5\/28\/14<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Space Shuttle Program; Deputy Program Administrator, Strategic Partnerships<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>John F. Hall<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/HallJF\/HallJF_7-19-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/19\/17<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/HallJF\/HallJF_8-4-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">8\/4\/17<\/a><\/td><td>Senior Counsel, International and Commercial Space Programs; Administrator, Export Control; Manager, International Technology Transfer Policy; Director, Export Control and Interagency Liaison<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>W. Michael Hawes<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/HawesWM\/HawesWM_7-12-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/12\/17<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/HawesWM\/HawesWM_8-1-18.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">8\/1\/18<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/HawesWM\/HawesWM_11-28-18.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">11\/28\/18<\/a><\/td><td>Deputy Associate Administrator, International Space Station; Program Director, International Space Station; Deputy Associate Administrator for Program Integration, Office of Space Operations; Vice President and Orion Program Manager, Lockheed Martin Space Systems Company<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Noel W. Hinners<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/HinnersNW\/HinnersNW_8-18-10.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">8\/18\/10<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/HinnersNW\/HinnersNW_8-19-10.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">8\/19\/10<\/a><\/td><td>Deputy Director, Lunar Programs, Office of Space Science; Associate Administrator for Space Science; Director, National Air and Space Museum; Director, Goddard Space Flight Center; Associate Deputy Administrator, Chief Scientist<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Jay F. Honeycutt<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/HoneycuttJF\/HoneycuttJF_3-22-00.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/22\/00<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Kennedy Space Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Scott J. Horowitz<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/HorowitzSJ\/HorowitzSJ_3-20-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/19\/07<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Associate Administrator, Exploration Systems Mission Directorate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Jefferson D. Howell<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/HowellJD\/HowellJD_7-9-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/9\/15<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/HowellJD\/HowellJD_7-10-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/10\/15<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Johnson Space Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>G. Scott Hubbard<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/SMD\/HubbardGS\/HubbardGS_8-22-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">8\/22\/17<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/SMD\/HubbardGS\/HubbardGS_8-20-18.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">8\/20\/18<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/SMD\/HubbardGS\/HubbardGS_11-13-18.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">11\/13\/18<\/a><\/td><td>Founding Director, NASA Astrobiology Institute<br>First Mars Program Director<br>Director, NASA Ames Research Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Carolyn Huntoon<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/HuntoonCL\/HuntoonCL_6-05-02.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/5\/02<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/HuntoonCL\/HuntoonCL_4-21-08.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/21\/08<\/a><\/td><td>Director, NASA Johnson Space Center; Director, Space and Life Sciences; Associate Center Director; Member, Astronaut Selection Boards; Special Technical Assistant to Director<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Wesley T. Huntress<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/HuntressWT\/HuntressWT_1-9-03.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">1\/9\/03<\/a><\/td><td>Deputy Director, Earth Science and Applications Division; Director, Solar System Exploration Division; Associate Administrator, Space Science<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Harriet G. Jenkins<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/JenkinsHG\/JenkinsHG_8-5-11.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">8\/5\/11<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Assistant Administrator, Equal Opportunity Programs<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Jeffrey T. Jezierski<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/JezierskiJT\/JezierskiJT_3-20-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/20\/07<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Deputy Chief of Staff and White House Liaison<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Stephen G. Jurczyk<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/jurczyksg-9-22-21.pdf?emrc=288c25\">9\/22\/21<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Associate Administrator; NASA Acting Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Charles F. Kennel<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/KennelCF\/KennelCF_10-21-02.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/29\/02<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Associate Administrator, NASA Mission to Planet Earth Enterprise; NASA Advisory Council<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>David A. King<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/KingDA\/KingDA_5-4-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">5\/4\/07<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Marshall Space Flight Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Alan Ladwig<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/LadwigA\/LadwigA_4-11-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/11\/17<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/LadwigA\/LadwigA_6-7-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/7\/17<\/a><\/td><td>Director of Special Projects, Office of Exploration; Associate Administrator, Office of Policy and Plans; Deputy Associate Administrator for Communications, Public Outreach<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Robert M. Lightfoot<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/LightfootRM\/LightfootRM_6-22-18.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/22\/18<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/LightfootRM\/LightfootRM_7-26-18.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/26\/18<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/LightfootRM\/LightfootRM_12-18-18.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">12\/18\/18<\/a><\/td><td>Assistant Associate Administrator, Space Shuttle Program; Manager, Shuttle Propulsion Office; Marshal Space Flight Center Deputy Director, and Center Director; NASA Associate Administrator and NASA Acting Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Alan M. Lovelace<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/LovelaceAM\/LovelaceAM_7-14-11.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/14\/11<\/a><\/td><td>Associate Administrator, NASA Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology; NASA Deputy Administrator; NASA Acting Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kathryn L. Lueders<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/C3PO\/LuedersKL\/LuedersKL_4-17-13.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/17\/13<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/luederskl-6-29-21.pdf?emrc=06313e\">6\/29\/21<\/a><\/td><td>Associate Administrator, Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>George E. Mueller<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/MuellerGE\/GEM_8-27-98.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">8\/27\/98<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/MuellerGE\/GEM_1-20-99.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">1\/20\/99<\/a><\/td><td>Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Daniel R. Mulville<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/MulvilleDR\/MulvilleDR_6-13-13.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/13\/13<\/a><\/td><td>Deputy Director, Materials and Structures Division, Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology; Director, Engineering and Quality Management Division, Safety and Mission Assurance; Chief Engineer; NASA Associate Deputy Administrator; NASA Acting Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dale D. Myers<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/MyersDD\/DDM_8-26-98.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/26\/98<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/MyersDD\/DDM_3-5-99.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/5\/99<\/a><\/td><td>Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight<br>NASA Deputy Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Michael F. O’Brien<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/OBrienMF\/OBrienMF_3-21-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/21\/07<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/OBrienMF\/OBrienMF_3-29-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/29\/17<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Assistant Administrator, External Relations<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ellen Ochoa<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/OchoaEL\/OchoaEL_6-13-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/13\/17<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/OchoaEL\/OchoaEL_8-22-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">8\/22\/17<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/OchoaEL\/OchoaEL_12-12-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">12\/12\/17<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/OchoaEL\/OchoaEL_5-15-18.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">5\/15\/18<\/a><\/td><td>Deputy Director and Director, Johnson Space Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Bryan D. O’Connor<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/OConnorBD\/OConnorBD_3-17-04.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/17\/04<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/OConnorBD\/OConnorBD_4-20-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/20\/06<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/OConnorBD\/OConnorBD_9-18-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">9\/18\/06<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/OConnorBD\/OConnorBD_3-19-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/19\/07<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/OConnorBD\/OConnorBD_3-24-10.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/24\/10<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/OConnorBD\/O%27ConnorBD_8-3-11.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">8\/3\/11<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/OConnorBD\/OConnorBD_12-28-12.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">12\/28\/12<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Deputy Associate Administrator for Space Flight; Deputy Director, Space Station Redesign; Space Station Program Transition Director; Director, Space Shuttle Program; NASA Associate Administrator, Office of Safety and Mission Assurance; Ex-Officio Member, Space Shuttle Mishap Interagency Investigation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sean O’Keefe<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/OKeefeS\/OKeefeS_3-21-13.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/21\/13<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/OKeefeS\/OKeefeS_9-23-14.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">9\/23\/14<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>N. Scott Pace<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/PaceS\/PaceS_3-21-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/21\/07<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Associate Administrator, Program Analysis and Evaluation<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>William W. Parsons<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/ParsonsWW\/ParsonsWW_6-1-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/1\/07<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/ParsonsWW\/ParsonsWW_6-1-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/1\/07<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Kennedy Space Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Kevin L. Petersen<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/PetersenKL\/PetersenKL_12-4-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">12\/4\/07<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Dryden Flight Research Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sally K. Ride<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/RideSK\/RideSK_10-22-02.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">10\/22\/02<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/RideSK\/RideSK_12-6-02.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">12\/6\/02<\/a><\/td><td>Special Assistant to the Administrator for Strategic Planning<br>Assistant Administrator, Office of Exploration<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Lesa B. Roe<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/RoeLB\/RoeLB_7-20-18.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/20\/18<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/RoeLB\/RoeLB_10-30-18.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">10\/30\/18<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/RoeLB\/RoeLB_11-1-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">11\/1\/07<\/a><\/td><td>Deputy Center Director and Center Director, Langley Research Center; NASA Deputy Associate Administrator, Acting Deputy Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Joseph H. Rothenberg<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/RothenbergJH\/RothenbergJH_3-12-04.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/12\/04<\/a><\/td><td>Deputy Center Director and Center Director, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; NASA Associate Administrator, Office of Space Flight<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Melanie W. Saunders<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/ISS\/SaundersM\/SaundersM_8-6-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">8\/6\/15<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/saundersmw-11-4-21.pdf?emrc=3e97da\">11\/4\/21<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Deputy Associate Administrator; NASA Chief Resilience Officer, Future of Work Program<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Charles H. Scales<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/ScalesCH\/ScalesCH_11-16-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">11\/6\/07<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Associate Deputy Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Christopher J. Scolese<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/ScoleseC\/ScoleseC_11-13-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">11\/13\/07<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Associate Administrator\/Chief Engineer<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>John P. Shannon<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/SSP\/ShannonJP_4-16-08.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/16\/08<\/a><\/td><td>Deputy Associate Administrator for Exploration<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Gabe Sherman<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/shermang-6-23-21.pdf?emrc=bdb084\">6\/23\/21<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Deputy Chief of Staff; NASA Chief of Staff<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Jaiwon Shin<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/ShinJS\/ShinJS_6-25-08.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/25\/08<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Associate Administrator, Aeronautics<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Robert E. Smylie<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/SmylieRE\/RES_4-17-99.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/17\/99<\/a><\/td><td>Associate Administrator for Space Tracking and Data Systems; Deputy\/Acting Director, Goddard Space Flight Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Josie A. Soper<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/SoperJA\/SoperJA_4-19-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/19\/06<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Headquarters Administrative Support, Public Affairs, Legislative Affairs, Office of the Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Courtney A. Stadd<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/StaddCA\/StaddCA_1-7-03.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">1\/7\/03<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/StaddCA\/StaddCA_1-8-03.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">1\/8\/03<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/StaddCA\/StaddCA_11-19-03.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">11\/19\/03<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/StaddCA\/StaddCA_6-6-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/6\/17<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Deputy Associate Administrator, Office of Advanced Concepts and Technology, and Special Assistant to the Administrator, Head, Presidential Transition Team, December 2000; NASA Chief of Staff and White House Liaison<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Thomas P. Stafford<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/StaffordTP\/TPS_10-15-97.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">10\/15\/97<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/StaffordTP\/StaffordTP_4-23-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/23\/15<\/a><\/td><td>Advisor, NASA Headquarters; Member, Space Policy Advisory Board; Member, National Research Council\u2019s Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board; Member, Committee on NASA Scientific and Technological Program Reviews; Chairman, Synthesis Group, NASA Outreach Program; Chairman, Operations Oversight Committee of the first Hubble Telescope Spacecraft Servicing and Repair Mission<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S. Alan Stern<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/SternA\/SternA_4-15-08.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/15\/08<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Associate Administrator, Science Mission Directorate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Brock R. Stone<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/StoneBR\/StoneBR_10-18-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">10\/18\/06<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/StoneBR\/StoneBR_10-31-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">10\/31\/06<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/StoneBR\/StoneBR_11-14-06.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">11\/14\/06<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/StoneBR\/StoneBR_1-30-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">1\/30\/07<\/a><\/td><td>Deputy Director, Johnson Space Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>J.R. Thompson<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/ThompsonJR\/ThompsonJR_4-29-02.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/29\/02<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/STS-R\/ThompsonJR\/ThompsonJR_5-13-11.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">5\/13\/11<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Marshall Space Flight Center; NASA Deputy Administrator, NASA Headquarters<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sumara Thompson-King<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/C3PO\/Thom-King_Graham_Reilley\/Thom-King_Graham_Reilley_3-19-13.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/19\/13<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/Thompson-KingS\/Thompson-KingS_3-4-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">3\/4\/15<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/Thompson-KingS\/Thompson-KingS_4-24-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/24\/15<\/a><\/td><td>NASA General Counsel<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Richard H. Truly<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/TrulyRH\/TrulyRH_6-16-03.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/16\/03<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Associate Administrator for Space Flight; <br>NASA Administrator<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Edward J. Weiler<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/WeilerEJ\/WeilerEJ_10-31-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">10\/31\/07<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/SMD\/WeilerEJ\/WeilerEJ_4-4-17.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">4\/4\/17<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Astronomical Search for Origins Program<br>NASA Associate Administrator, Space Science Enterprise; Director, Goddard Space Flight Center; NASA Associate Administrator, Science Mission Directorate<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Woodrow W. Whitlow<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/WhitlowW\/WhitlowW_5-9-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">5\/9\/07<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Glenn Research Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Terrence W. Wilcutt<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/WilcuttTW\/WilcuttTW_7-1-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">7\/1\/15<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/WilcuttTW\/WilcuttTW_10-19-15.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">10\/19\/15<\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/WilcuttTW\/WilcuttTW_1-21-16.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">1\/21\/16<\/a><\/td><td>Chief, NASA Office of Safety and Mission Assurance<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>S. Pete Worden<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/NAF\/WordenSP\/WordenSP_12-3-07.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">12\/3\/07<\/a><\/td><td>Director, Ames Research Center<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>A. Thomas Young<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/NASA_HQ\/Administrators\/YoungAT\/YoungAT_6-10-13.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">6\/10\/13<\/a><\/td><td>NASA Headquarters Director, Planetary Program; Deputy Director, Ames Research Center; Director, Goddard Space Flight Center <\/td><\/tr><tr><td><\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The transcripts available on this site are created from audio-recorded oral history interviews. To preserve the integrity of the audio record, the transcripts are presented with limited revisions and thus reflect the candid conversational style of the oral history format. Brackets and ellipses indicate where the text has been annotated or edited for clarity. Any personal opinions expressed in the interviews should not be considered the official views or opinions of NASA, the NASA History Office, NASA historians, or staff members.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"width-full maxw-full bg-carbon-05 padding-bottom-9 padding-top-9 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-featured-link\">\n\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block padding-x-0 padding-top-9 desktop:padding-top-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 padding-x-3 desktop:padding-right-5 margin-bottom-5\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label margin-bottom-2\">Interviews with NASA\u2019s Senior Leadership<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"page-heading-md\">NASA at 50<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md\">The 50th anniversary of NASA on 1 October 2008 found an agency in the midst of deep transition. In the closing year of the presidency of George W. Bush, only a month before the presidential election and in the middle of a worldwide economic crisis, the Agency was implementing a new Vision for Space Exploration intended to return humans to the Moon, to proceed onward to Mars, and to study the cosmos beyond. At the same time NASA was ramping down the Space Shuttle Program that had been the centerpiece of human spaceflight for three decades and ramping up a new program known collectively as Constellation. To capture some of the  decisions made during this time, the History Division at NASA Headquarters commissioned a series of oral history interviews with NASA senior management. The interviews and the resulting book, "NASA at 50, Interviews with NASA's Senior Leadership," provide a snapshot of the thinking of NASA senior leadership on the occasion of its 50th anniversary and in the midst of these sea changes. It is all the more valuable from an historical point of view because of the large changes that have again taken place since the 50th anniversary.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/nasa-history-series\/nasa-at-50\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-md\" aria-label=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1\">Download and read the book<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-left-5\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"612\" height=\"416\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/okeefe_11_at_vse_announcement_w_bush_jan_14_2004.jpg?w=612\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"President George W. Bush announces his new Vision for Space Exploration, along with NASA Administrator Sean O'Keefe, at NASA Headquarters, January 14, 2004.  \" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 59% 75%; object-position: 59% 75%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/okeefe_11_at_vse_announcement_w_bush_jan_14_2004.jpg 612w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/okeefe_11_at_vse_announcement_w_bush_jan_14_2004.jpg?resize=300,204 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/okeefe_11_at_vse_announcement_w_bush_jan_14_2004.jpg?resize=400,272 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/okeefe_11_at_vse_announcement_w_bush_jan_14_2004.jpg?resize=600,408 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 612px) 100vw, 612px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">President George W. Bush announces his new Vision for Space Exploration, along with NASA Administrator Sean O’Keefe, at NASA Headquarters, January 14, 2004.  <\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">Photo by Mark Wilson\/Getty Images<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"additional\" class=\"hds-featured-link-list bg-spacesuit-white padding-x-2 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-4 padding-y-5 desktop:padding-y-6 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-featured-link-list\">\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block padding-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-22\">\n\t\t\t\tMore NASA Oral Histories\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/jsc2017e039526.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Aerial photograph of Johnson Space Center\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/jsc2017e039526.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/jsc2017e039526.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/jsc2017e039526.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/jsc2017e039526.jpg?resize=200,200 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">Johnson Space Center<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\">Interviews with hundreds of key NASA personnel, all available online.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/historycollection.jsc.nasa.gov\/JSCHistoryPortal\/history\/oral_histories\/oral_histories.htm\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"\" rel=\"noopener\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/6870792orig.jpeg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"The photograph shows Saturn V S-IC flight stages being assembled in the horizontal assembly area at the MAF.\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/6870792orig.jpeg?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/6870792orig.jpeg?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/6870792orig.jpeg?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/6870792orig.jpeg?resize=200,200 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">Saturn Rocket Oral Histories<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\">Read transcripts from interviews with the project engineers who worked on the Saturn rockets.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/oral-histories\/saturn-oral-histories\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"Saturn Oral Histories\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row padding-y-2 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row featured-link-list-row width-full flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 tablet:padding-right-3 desktop:padding-right-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper width-full ratio-1x1 radius-pill overflow-hidden\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/nhq202103180001_0.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"The core stage for the first flight of NASA\u2019s SLS rocket undergoes a second hot fire test in the B-2 Test Stand on March 18.\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/nhq202103180001_0.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/nhq202103180001_0.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/nhq202103180001_0.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/nhq202103180001_0.jpg?resize=200,200 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div> \n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8 desktop:grid-col-10 padding-left-3 desktop:padding-left-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 margin-0\">Stennis Space Center Oral Histories<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md margin-0 color-carbon-black\">This anthology of oral history interviews includes interviewees who participated in the Mississippi Oral History Program, the Apollo and Space Shuttle programs, Hurricane Katrina and Stennis Space Center\u2019s 50th Anniversary. <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-2 desktop:grid-col-1 display-flex flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/stennis\/about-stennis\/stennis-space-center-history\/stennis-oral-histories\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"Stennis Oral Histories\">\n                            <svg class=\"hds-featured-link-list-button margin-left-auto margin-right-0\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\">\n                                <circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path>\n                            <\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"width-full maxw-full bg-carbon-05 hds-cover-wrapper minh-tablet-lg hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-callout\">\n\t<div class=\"hds-foreground-wrapper padding-bottom-9 padding-top-9 display-flex\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-top-9 padding-x-3 z-400\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-y-9 padding-x-3 z-400\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 z-400\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"page-heading-md font-weight-extrabold line-height-heading-1 color-spacesuit-white-important\">Discovery and New Frontiers Oral Histories<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-lg margin-top-2 padding-0 margin-bottom-4 color-spacesuit-white-important\">The NASA History Office is currently collecting oral history interviews to document the experiences of individuals who have dedicated their time and expertise to the Discovery and New Frontiers planetary exploration missions, including lessons learned, science objectives and methodologies, mission proposal processes, team dynamics, and management decisions.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/discovery-and-new-frontiers-oral-histories\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary  link-external-true\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1 color-spacesuit-white-important\" >\n\t\t\t\tRead the oral histories                                    <span class=\"usa-sr-only\"> about Discovery and New Frontiers Oral Histories<\/span>\n                \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 z-400\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200\"><\/div>\n\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1041\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nh-pluto-in-false-color.jpg?w=1041\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Four images from New Horizons\u2019 Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) were combined with color data from the Ralph instrument to create this enhanced color global view of Pluto.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 20% 49%; object-position: 20% 49%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nh-pluto-in-false-color.jpg 1041w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nh-pluto-in-false-color.jpg?resize=300,207 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nh-pluto-in-false-color.jpg?resize=768,531 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nh-pluto-in-false-color.jpg?resize=1024,708 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nh-pluto-in-false-color.jpg?resize=400,277 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nh-pluto-in-false-color.jpg?resize=600,415 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/nh-pluto-in-false-color.jpg?resize=900,622 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1041px) 100vw, 1041px\" \/><\/figure>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More Topics From NASA<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>NASA History<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"983\" height=\"1223\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?w=983\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg 983w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=241,300 241w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=768,956 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=823,1024 823w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=322,400 322w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=482,600 482w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=723,900 723w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/as11-40-5903_alt2.jpg?resize=965,1200 965w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 983px) 100vw, 983px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-office\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>NASA History Office<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1536\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/grc-1957-c-44368.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/nasa-history-series\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>NASA History Series<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1229\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg 2880w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=300,240 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=768,615 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=1024,820 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=1536,1229 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=2048,1639 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=400,320 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=600,480 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=900,720 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=1200,960 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=2000,1601 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/oral-histories\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>NASA Oral Histories<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1195\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s62-04057_orig.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s62-04057_orig.jpg 4472w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s62-04057_orig.jpg?resize=300,233 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s62-04057_orig.jpg?resize=768,598 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s62-04057_orig.jpg?resize=1024,797 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s62-04057_orig.jpg?resize=1536,1195 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s62-04057_orig.jpg?resize=2048,1594 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s62-04057_orig.jpg?resize=400,311 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s62-04057_orig.jpg?resize=600,467 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s62-04057_orig.jpg?resize=900,700 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s62-04057_orig.jpg?resize=1200,934 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/s62-04057_orig.jpg?resize=2000,1556 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The NASA History Office gathers first-hand experiences through oral history interviews from a variety of individuals serving in the NASA and contractor work force, eliciting details of procedures, processes, methodologies, rationale, and background of operations. The following interviews are an attempt to document the experiences of NASA’s senior leadership, their personal histories, the lessons learned, [...]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":78,"featured_media":536879,"parent":128839,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[]},"categories":[2671,2667,2668,2884],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[],"coauthors":[8640],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebPage","headline":"NASA Senior Leadership Oral Histories","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/nasa-senior-leadership-oral-histories\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/nasa-senior-leadership-oral-histories\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg"},"articleSection":"NASA History","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Sandra L. 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Johnson"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["People of NASA","Women at NASA","NASA History","Organizations"],"dateCreated":"2024-01-26T16:08:40Z","datePublished":"2024-01-26T16:08:40Z","dateModified":"2024-02-13T22:29:58Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"NASA Senior Leadership Oral Histories\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/nasa-senior-leadership-oral-histories\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"index\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/9248169orig.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2024-01-26T16:08:40Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"NASA History\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"People of NASA,Women at NASA,NASA History,Organizations\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Sandra L. 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