{"id":546651,"date":"2023-10-11T20:27:26","date_gmt":"2023-10-12T00:27:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?post_type=topic&p=546651"},"modified":"2024-01-11T10:23:04","modified_gmt":"2024-01-11T15:23:04","slug":"robotic-refueling-mission-3","status":"publish","type":"topic","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/robotic-refueling-mission-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Robotic Refueling Mission 3"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\" hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-secondary-navigation\"><div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-wrapper z-top width-100 padding-0\"><div id=\"\" class=\"hds-secondary-navigation width-full border-bottom-1px text-center hds-color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-hdsnav\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"hds-secondary-nav-mobile-button display-flex tablet:display-flex desktop:display-none width-full flex-align-center bg-carbon-90 border-color-carbon-80 color-spacesuit-white\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"hds-secondary-nav-track\"><span>NEXIS<\/span><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewBox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\" \/><\/svg><\/button><div class=\"hds-secondary-nav-track grid-container grid-container-extrawide padding-0 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-2 \"><div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items\"><nav><ul class=\"usa-nav__primary usa-accordion flex-justify-center margin-0\"><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/\">NExIS Home<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/about-nexis\/\">About<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/NEXIS-resources\/\">Resources<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"basic-nav-section-one\"><span>Missions & Servicing Technologies<\/span><svg class=\"hds-desktop-submenu-toggle-icon display-none tablet:display-none desktop:display-block\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewBox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\" \/><\/svg><svg class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon display-block tablet:display-block desktop:display-none\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle cx=\"8\" cy=\"8\" r=\"7.5\" fill=\"#0B3D91\" stroke=\"white\"\/><rect x=\"4\" y=\"7.6001\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" fill=\"white\"\/><rect class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon-line-vertical\" x=\"7.59998\" y=\"12\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" transform=\"rotate(-90 7.59998 12)\" fill=\"white\"\/><\/svg><\/button><ul id=\"basic-nav-section-one\" class=\"usa-nav__submenu\" hidden><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/technology.nasa.gov\/satellite-servicing\" rel=\"noopener\">Patented Technologies<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/isam\/\">In-Space Servicing, Assembly<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/on-orbit-servicing-assembly-and-manufacturing-1\/\">OSAM-1 Mission<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/relative-navigation-system\/\">Relative Navigation System<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/robotic-servicing-arm\/\">Robotic Servicing Arm<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/propellant-transfer-technologies\/\">Propellant Transfer Technologies<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/robotic-refueling-mission-3\/\">Robotic Refueling Mission 3<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/rrm-1-2\/\">RRM: Phase 1&2<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/nasa.gov\/nexis\/raven\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Raven<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/robotic-external-leak-locator\/\">Robotic External Leak Locator<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-0 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-page-intro\">\n\t<div class=\"padding-0 bg-spacesuit-white wp-block-nasa-blocks-page-intro\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-page-intro hds-page-intro-banner width-full maxw-full padding-0 hds-cover-wrapper minh-tablet\">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-foreground-wrapper display-flex\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto margin-bottom-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-top-9 padding-x-3 z-400\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-4 margin-bottom-3 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"page-heading-md line-height-sm color-spacesuit-white-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRobotic Refueling Mission 3 (RRM3)\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-lg color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-4 margin-bottom-3 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200\"><\/div>\n\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2047\" height=\"1460\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/42821141521-a77db641eb-k.jpg?w=2047\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/42821141521-a77db641eb-k.jpg 2047w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/42821141521-a77db641eb-k.jpg?resize=300,214 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/42821141521-a77db641eb-k.jpg?resize=768,548 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/42821141521-a77db641eb-k.jpg?resize=1024,730 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/42821141521-a77db641eb-k.jpg?resize=1536,1096 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/42821141521-a77db641eb-k.jpg?resize=400,285 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/42821141521-a77db641eb-k.jpg?resize=600,428 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/42821141521-a77db641eb-k.jpg?resize=900,642 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/42821141521-a77db641eb-k.jpg?resize=1200,856 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/42821141521-a77db641eb-k.jpg?resize=2000,1426 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2047px) 100vw, 2047px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/figure>\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:28px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Spacecraft use consumables like propellant and coolant to perform key functions such as maneuvering and maintaining critical equipment. Consumables, by their very nature, eventually run out. The technology to replenish these crucial supplies in space does not currently exist. NASA’s Robotic Refueling Mission 3 (RRM3) will help change that paradigm, advancing satellite servicing capabilities and enabling long duration, deep space exploration.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-tabbed-section color-mode-light padding-y-6 padding-x-3 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-tabbed-section\"> \n\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block\">\n\t\t<ul class=\"hds-tab-nav usa-list usa-list--unstyled grid-row\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"hds-tab-nav-item usa-active\" data-tab-id=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t<button role=\"tab\" type=\"button\" id=\"tab0-\" aria-selected=\"true\" aria-controls=\"panel0-\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tabs margin-top-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex usa-active\" data-tab-id=\"0\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"panel0-\" aria-labelledby=\"tab0-\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-29\">Robotic Refueling : Phase 3<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"heading-16\">RRM3 builds on the\u00a0first two phases\u00a0of International Space Station technology demonstrations that tested tools, technologies, and techniques to refuel and repair satellites in orbit.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md\">RRM3 will extend these demonstrations to include technologies needed to store and transfer super-cold cryogenic fluids. The mission\u00a0launched to space station\u00a0in December 2018. It will have a projected two-year life on station, though NASA intends to accomplish RRM3\u2019s objectives within the first year. On April 8, RRM3\u00a0experienced an issue\u00a0that necessitated the venting of the cryogenic fluid contained within the module, but the mission is still projected to carry out the tool operations associated with transferring cryogenic fuel in space, demonstrating the cutting edge technologies needed to make it possible.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/rrm-1-2\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-sm link-external-true\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1 \" >\n\t\t\t\tLook back at Phases 1 and 2                \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-left-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"616\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm013-b-1.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"RRM3 Fluid Transfer Module and Tool Pedestal (top) before launch\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm013-b-1.jpg 2000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm013-b-1.jpg?resize=300,180 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm013-b-1.jpg?resize=768,462 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm013-b-1.jpg?resize=1024,616 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm013-b-1.jpg?resize=1536,924 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm013-b-1.jpg?resize=400,241 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm013-b-1.jpg?resize=600,361 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm013-b-1.jpg?resize=900,541 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm013-b-1.jpg?resize=1200,722 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">RRM3 Fluid Transfer Module and Tool Pedestal (top) before launch<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:53px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What Are Cryogenic Fluids?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Cryogenic fluid is an important consumable for spaceflight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a propellant, cryogenic fluids such as liquid methane and liquid hydrogen are useful for exploration missions because they produce enough thrust, or what is essentially acceleration, to launch a rocket from Earth or another planet. Without a powerful enough propellant, a planetary body’s gravitational pull would prevent a rocket from successfully escaping the body’s orbit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Liquid oxygen, another cryogenic fluid, is also used to maintain life support systems for astronauts, since it is a more efficient way to transport and store oxygen than in its gaseous form.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a coolant, it keeps spacecraft operational, and the ability to replenish it could extend their lifespan by years.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>RRM3 is testing the tools and technologies needed to store, transfer and replenish cryogenic fluid so the technology is ‘ready for primetime’ when needed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:53px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Enabling Human Exploration throughout the Solar System<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>The ability to resupply propellant and coolant enables longer journeys than a single tank of propellant would allow. The capabilities NASA will develop through RRM3 can be applied to future human exploration missions.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1280\" height=\"829\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?w=1280\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"How does the ability to replinish and store cryogenic fluid help with Exploration?\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=300,194 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=768,497 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=1024,663 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=400,259 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=600,389 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=900,583 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=1200,777 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Hydrogen and oxygen could be separated from water found on the moon then used as fuel. RRM-3’s cryogen replenishment techniques could be ued to refuel a spacecraft at Mars via in-situ resource utilization. Liquid oxygen maintains astronaut life support systems in space.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:28px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">RRM3 Primary Objectives<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Demonstrate Techniques necessary to perform cryogenic liquid methane transfer in micro-gravity<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Maintain cryogen fluid mass long term (<3 months) via zero boil-off<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:47px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What’s in and on the Module?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Fluid transfer system (including tanks and lines)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cryogenic fluid (liquid methane)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cryogen interface (cooperative and non-cooperative)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Compact Thermal Imager (CTI)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Innovative vision systems<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cryocoolers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tools and adapters\n<ul>\n<li>Multi-Function Tool 2 (MFT2)<br><small><strong>       MFT2 Adapters:<\/strong><br><em>       Cryogen Coupler Adapter (CCA)<\/em><\/small><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cryogen Servicing Tool (CST)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Visual Inspection Poseable Invertebrate Robot 2 (VIPIR2)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:28px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Compact Thermal Imager<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>The Compact Thermal Imager (CTI) is an advanced, highly compact thermal camera that has been mounted in a corner of the RRM3 payload and from that position will image and videotape Earth’s surface below. RRM3\u2019s hitchhiker companion will image and measure fires, ice sheets, glaciers, and snow surface temperatures. CTI will also measure the transfer of water from soil and plants into the atmosphere \u2014 important measurements for understanding plant growth. Many of the conditions that Earth scientists study, including these, are easily detected in the infrared or thermal wavelength bands.<br><br>CTI’s enabling technology is a relatively new photodetector technology known as Strained-Layer Superlattice, or SLS. In addition to being very small, measuring nearly 16 inches long and six inches tall, SLS consumes little power, operates at liquid-nitrogen temperatures, is easily fabricated in a high-technology environment, and is inexpensive. The demonstration’s goal is to raise SLS’s technology-readiness level to nine \u2014 or TRL-9 \u2014 meaning that it has flown in space and has demonstrated that it operates well under the extreme environmental conditions found in space.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:28px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">RRM3 Secondary Objectives<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Demonstrate and validate the Compact Thermal Imager – An instrument that utilizes available room on RRM3 to observe Earth to detect smoke and fires, as well as measure crop transevaporation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2. Complete Machine Vision Tasks – In-space assessment of fiducials (decals) with unique patterns that enhance machine vision algorithms and aid in autonomous rendezvous and tool positioning.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><video class=\"hds-video-background\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" autoplay=\"true\" loop=\"true\" muted=\"true\" playsinline=\"true\"><source src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/12798-rrm3testingtimelapse-fb1080.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\" \/><\/video><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Engineers at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, perform a fit check of RRM3’s three external tools. After RRM3 is installed to the outside of the International Space Station, the Dextre robotic arm will mount the pedestal and tools, pre-assembled by astronauts on the space station.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div style=\"height:28px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tool Descriptions<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>A suite of three primary tools, designed to be used by space station’s Dextre arm, will be employed to conduct mission objectives. These second generation tools were designed based on operational lessons learned from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/rrm-1-2\/\">RRM Phase 1 and 2,<\/a> and and unique RRM3 mission requirements. The three tools are:<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-tabbed-section color-mode-light padding-y-6 padding-x-3 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-tabbed-section\"> \n\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block\">\n\t\t<ul class=\"hds-tab-nav usa-list usa-list--unstyled grid-row\" role=\"tablist\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"hds-tab-nav-item usa-active\" data-tab-id=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t<button role=\"tab\" type=\"button\" id=\"tab0-visual-inspection-poseable-invertebrate-robot-2-(vipir2)\" aria-selected=\"true\" aria-controls=\"panel0-visual-inspection-poseable-invertebrate-robot-2-(vipir2)\">\n\t\t\t\t\tVisual Inspection Poseable Invertebrate Robot 2 (VIPIR2)\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"hds-tab-nav-item \" data-tab-id=\"1\">\n\t\t\t\t<button role=\"tab\" type=\"button\" id=\"tab1-cryogenic-servicing-tool-(cst)\" aria-selected=\"false\" aria-controls=\"panel1-cryogenic-servicing-tool-(cst)\">\n\t\t\t\t\tCryogenic Servicing Tool (CST)\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li role=\"presentation\" class=\"hds-tab-nav-item \" data-tab-id=\"2\">\n\t\t\t\t<button role=\"tab\" type=\"button\" id=\"tab2-multi-function-tool-2-(mft2)\" aria-selected=\"false\" aria-controls=\"panel2-multi-function-tool-2-(mft2)\">\n\t\t\t\t\tMulti-Function Tool 2 (MFT2)\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tabs margin-top-6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex usa-active\" data-tab-id=\"0\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"panel0-visual-inspection-poseable-invertebrate-robot-2-(vipir2)\" aria-labelledby=\"tab0-visual-inspection-poseable-invertebrate-robot-2-(vipir2)\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-29\">Visual Inspection Poseable Invertebrate Robot 2 (VIPIR2)<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md\">A robotic inspection camera used to visually verify entry and positioning of the Cryogen (flexible line) Transfer Hose (CTH) into the receiver tank.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/nasas-refueling-mission-completes-second-set-of-robotic-tool-operations-in-space\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-sm link-external-true\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1 \" >\n\t\t\t\tRead More                \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-left-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm3-vipir2-1.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Visual Inspection Poseable Invertebrate Robot 2 (VIPIR2)\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm3-vipir2-1.jpg 5670w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm3-vipir2-1.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm3-vipir2-1.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm3-vipir2-1.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm3-vipir2-1.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm3-vipir2-1.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm3-vipir2-1.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm3-vipir2-1.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm3-vipir2-1.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm3-vipir2-1.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm3-vipir2-1.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Visual Inspection Poseable Invertebrate Robot 2 (VIPIR2)<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex \" data-tab-id=\"1\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"panel1-cryogenic-servicing-tool-(cst)\" aria-labelledby=\"tab1-cryogenic-servicing-tool-(cst)\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-29\">Cryogenic Servicing Tool (CST)<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md\">A robotic tool with adjustable rollers used to grab a flexible cryogen transfer hose and install it into a fuel port.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/nasas-refueling-mission-completes-second-set-of-robotic-tool-operations-in-space\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-sm link-external-true\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1 \" >\n\t\t\t\tRead More                \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-left-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"432\" height=\"288\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogen-servicing-tool-photo.jpg?w=432\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Cryogenic Servicing Tool (CST)\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogen-servicing-tool-photo.jpg 432w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogen-servicing-tool-photo.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/cryogen-servicing-tool-photo.jpg?resize=400,267 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 432px) 100vw, 432px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Cryogenic Servicing Tool (CST)<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-tab desktop:display-flex \" data-tab-id=\"2\" role=\"tabpanel\" id=\"panel2-multi-function-tool-2-(mft2)\" aria-labelledby=\"tab2-multi-function-tool-2-(mft2)\" hidden>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-right-5 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-29\">Multi-Function Tool 2 (MFT2)<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md\">A dual rotary drive tool used to connect custom hose adapters to robot-friendly fill ports.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/nasas-refueling-mission-completes-second-set-of-robotic-tool-operations-in-space\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-sm link-external-true\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1 \" >\n\t\t\t\tRead More                \t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col desktop:padding-left-5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-tabbed-section-image margin-bottom-2 minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"432\" height=\"288\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/multifunctiontool-photo.jpg?w=432\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Multi-Function Tool 2 (MFT2)\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 81% 37%; object-position: 81% 37%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/multifunctiontool-photo.jpg 432w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/multifunctiontool-photo.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/multifunctiontool-photo.jpg?resize=400,267 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 432px) 100vw, 432px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Multi-Function Tool 2 (MFT2)<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-wide\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"771\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"During ground testing astronauts Anne McClain and David Saint-Jacques pose with the corresponding RRM3 tools aboard the International Space Station.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png 2252w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png?resize=300,113 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png?resize=768,289 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png?resize=1024,386 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png?resize=1536,578 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png?resize=2048,771 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png?resize=400,151 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png?resize=600,226 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png?resize=900,339 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png?resize=1200,452 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/anne-mcclain-and-david-saint-jacques-pose-with-the-corresponding-rrm3-tools-.png?resize=2000,753 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">During ground testing astronauts Anne McClain and David Saint-Jacques pose with the corresponding RRM3 tools aboard the International Space Station.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cryogen Storage and Replenishment Demonstration<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/nexis.gsfc.nasa.gov\/images\/RRM3\/SSPD-final0011.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sspd-final0011.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"576\" height=\"430\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sspd-final0011.jpg?w=576\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Cryogen Servicing Tool before launch\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sspd-final0011.jpg 576w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sspd-final0011.jpg?resize=300,224 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sspd-final0011.jpg?resize=400,299 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 576px) 100vw, 576px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Cryogen Servicing Tool before launch<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>RRM3 will demonstrate the tool operations needed to robotically transfer cryogenic fluid, which is critical for propulsion and life support systems in space. The previous phase of the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/rrm-1-2\/\">Robotic Refueling Mission (RRM2)<\/a> demonstrated many preparation tasks leading up to cryogen replenishment such as removing caps\/valves, and installing coolant line adapters. RRM3 robotic operations will focus on the final step of connecting, sealing and managing the hoses needed to enable cryogenic fuel transfer on-orbit. Since launch in December 2018, RRM3 demonstrated the first ever long-term storage of cryogenic fluid with zero boil off, having successfully stored cryogenic fluid for four months on station prior to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/feature\/goddard\/2019\/robotic-refueling-mission-3-update-april-12-2019\">the April venting operation<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Contained within the RRM3 module is a source tank, representing a supply on a servicing spacecraft and a receiver tank, representing a spacecraft with a depleted cryogenic tank.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>During RRM3 mission operations, the space station\u2019s Dextre robotic arm will carry out tasks using a suite of three primary tools, and without using a cryogenic fluid. The task sequence begins with the multi-function tool 2, which operates smaller specialized tools to prepare for the transfer of liquid methane from the source tank to the fluid transfer. Next, the cryogen servicing tool uses a hose to connect the source tank to the receiver tank. To monitor the process, the Visual Inspection Poseable Invertebrate Robot 2 (VIPIR2) utilizes a state-of-the-art robotic camera to make sure tools are properly positioned.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/mft2-at-cca.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"446\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/mft2-at-cca.jpg?w=752\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Multi Function tool 2 at the Cryogen Coupler Adapter\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/mft2-at-cca.jpg 752w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/mft2-at-cca.jpg?resize=300,178 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/mft2-at-cca.jpg?resize=400,237 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/mft2-at-cca.jpg?resize=600,356 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Multi Function tool 2 at the Cryogen Coupler Adapter<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Storing cryogens in space can be difficult because their extremely low boiling points cause them to boil off over time if the temperature cannot be maintained. Conventional cryogen storage tanks on the ground use passive cooling systems and intentionally vent their contents to the atmosphere to limit tank pressure during warmup. This greatly reduces the life of the stored cryogen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A critical part of RRM3 is the demonstration of zero boil off storage of its 42 liter liquid methane supply through the use of active cooling. By using cryocoolers and advanced multilayer insulation to balance temperatures, RRM3 successfully stored liquid methane for four months with zero boil off, demonstrating a system which will dramatically lower fluid loss and eliminate the need for oversized tanks and extra propellant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Robotic Refueling: Paving the Way for Exploration\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/rE9O9sBRNto?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Robotic Refueling Experiment Heads to Space\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0B9F0stb3s0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-featured-file-list bg-spacesuit-white padding-x-2 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-4 padding-y-5 desktop:padding-y-6 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-file-list\">\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block padding-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-row width-full margin-bottom-4\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 role=\"textbox\" class=\"heading-22\">\n\t\t\t\t\tDownloads\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col display-flex flex-align-center desktop:flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-list-row hds-file-list-row\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-list-thumbnail hds-file-list-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-list-thumbnail-inner-default\"><svg width=\"18\" height=\"20\" viewBox=\"0 0 18 20\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M12 0H0V20H18V6H12V0ZM14 8H4V10H14V8ZM4 4H10V6H4V4ZM14 12H4V14H14V12ZM4 16H14V18H4V16Z\" fill=\"#58585B\"\/><path d=\"M18 5L13 0V5H18Z\" fill=\"#58585B\"\/><\/svg><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-list-details\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-list-name hds-file-list-name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-22\">Robotic Refueling Mission Fact Sheet<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-list-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-list-meta-item hds-list-date hds-file-list-date\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-sm\">Oct 6, 2023<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-list-meta-item hds-file-list-filetype\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-sm\">PDF (776.45 KB)<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-list-cta hds-file-list-download\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/rrm-factsheet.pdf?emrc=666f0e2287664\" target=\"_blank\" download>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"32\" height=\"32\" viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle cx=\"16\" cy=\"16.0001\" r=\"16\" fill=\"#1C67E3\"\/><path d=\"M15.2357 8.00007L15.2357 16.4829L11.9504 13.4078L10.8801 14.4094L16.0001 19.2001L21.1201 14.4094L20.0499 13.4078L16.7645 16.4829L16.7645 8.00007L15.2357 8.00007Z\" fill=\"white\"\/><path fill-rule=\"evenodd\" clip-rule=\"evenodd\" d=\"M9.6 20.8001V18.4001H8V22.4001H24V18.4001H22.4V20.8001H9.6Z\" fill=\"white\"\/><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 bg-spacesuit-white color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-news-manual\">\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"section-heading-md\">Featured News<\/h2>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col display-flex flex-align-center desktop:flex-justify-end\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col\"><div class=\"grid-row latest-news-items\"><div class=\"grid-col mobile:grid-col tablet:grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col latest-news-item latest-news-item-0 margin-bottom-2 -tablet:margin-bottom-0 desktop:margin-bottom-0 padding-right-0 tablet:padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/robotic-refueling-mission-3-completes-crucial-series-of-tests\/\" class=\"tablet:grid-col latest-news-item news-item tablet:padding-right-0\"><div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\"><div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-column flex-align-start flex-justify-start z-200\"><div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div><div class=\"display-block\"><div class=\"label margin-bottom-1\">4 Min Read<\/div><p class=\"heading-22 color-spacesuit-white margin-0\"><span>Robotic Refueling Mission 3 Completes Crucial Series of Tests<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"663\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=300,194 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=768,497 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=1024,663 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=400,259 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=600,389 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=900,583 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=1200,777 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/a><\/div><div class=\"tablet:grid-col grid-row latest-news-items\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/nasas-refueling-mission-completes-second-set-of-robotic-tool-operations-in-space\/\" class=\"tablet:grid-col latest-news-item news-item margin-bottom-2 tablet:margin-bottom-0 desktop:margin-bottom-0 tablet:padding-right-2 desktop:padding-right-2\"><div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\"><div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-column flex-align-start flex-justify-start z-200\"><div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div><div class=\"display-block\"><div class=\"label margin-bottom-1\">2 Min Read<\/div><p class=\"heading-22 color-spacesuit-white margin-0\"><span>NASA\u2019s Refueling Mission Completes Second Set of Robotic Tool Operations in Space<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"382\" height=\"382\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/rrm3_image_4.png?w=382\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/rrm3_image_4.png 382w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/rrm3_image_4.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/rrm3_image_4.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/rrm3_image_4.png?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/rrm3_image_4.png?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/rrm3_image_4.png?resize=200,200 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 382px) 100vw, 382px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/a><div class=\"grid-col news-item-stack\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/robotic-tool-operations-bring-in-space-refueling-closer-to-reality\/\" class=\"tablet:grid-col latest-news-item news-item tablet:margin-right-0 desktop:margin-right-0 margin-bottom-2 mobile:margin-bottom-2 tablet:margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-2\"><div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\"><div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-column flex-align-start flex-justify-start z-200\"><div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div><div class=\"display-block\"><div class=\"label margin-bottom-1\">2 Min Read<\/div><p class=\"heading-22 color-spacesuit-white margin-0\"><span>Robotic Tool Operations Bring In-Space Refueling Closer to Reality<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"809\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mft2.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mft2.jpg 2592w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mft2.jpg?resize=300,237 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mft2.jpg?resize=768,607 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mft2.jpg?resize=1024,809 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mft2.jpg?resize=1536,1214 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mft2.jpg?resize=2048,1618 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mft2.jpg?resize=400,316 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mft2.jpg?resize=600,474 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mft2.jpg?resize=900,711 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mft2.jpg?resize=1200,948 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/mft2.jpg?resize=2000,1580 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/robotic-refueling-mission-3-update-april-12-2019\/\" class=\"tablet:grid-col latest-news-item news-item tablet:margin-right-0 desktop:margin-right-0 margin-bottom-2 mobile:margin-bottom-0 tablet:margin-bottom-0 desktop:margin-bottom-0\"><div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\"><div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-column flex-align-start flex-justify-start z-200\"><div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-spacesuit-white margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div><div class=\"display-block\"><div class=\"label margin-bottom-1\">1 Min Read<\/div><p class=\"heading-22 color-spacesuit-white margin-0\"><span>Robotic Refueling Mission 3 Update – April 12, 2019<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"747\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/rrm013.jpg?w=747\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/rrm013.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/rrm013.jpg?resize=219,300 219w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/rrm013.jpg?resize=768,1053 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/rrm013.jpg?resize=747,1024 747w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/rrm013.jpg?resize=1120,1536 1120w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/rrm013.jpg?resize=292,400 292w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/rrm013.jpg?resize=438,600 438w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/rrm013.jpg?resize=656,900 656w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/rrm013.jpg?resize=875,1200 875w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 747px) 100vw, 747px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-row padding-top-2 desktop:padding-top-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/astronauts-assemble-tools-to-test-space-tech\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-6 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col padding-left-0 padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t<div class=\"display-flex hds-news-item-bubble\"><div class=\"padding-right-3\"><div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black circle-10 minw-10 maxh-10 minh-10\"><figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/station_crew_with_rrm3_hardware.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/station_crew_with_rrm3_hardware.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/station_crew_with_rrm3_hardware.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/station_crew_with_rrm3_hardware.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/station_crew_with_rrm3_hardware.jpg?resize=200,200 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/div><div><div class=\"label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-black\">2 Min Read<\/div><p class=\"heading-14 color-carbon-black line-height-md margin-top-1 margin-bottom-1\">Astronauts Assemble Tools to Test Space Tech<\/p><div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/nasa-to-launch-new-refueling-mission-helping-spacecraft-live-longer-and-journey-farther\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-6 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col padding-left-0 padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t<div class=\"display-flex hds-news-item-bubble\"><div class=\"padding-right-3\"><div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black circle-10 minw-10 maxh-10 minh-10\"><figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/picture_1_0_0.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/picture_1_0_0.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/picture_1_0_0.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/picture_1_0_0.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/11\/picture_1_0_0.jpg?resize=200,200 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/div><div><div class=\"label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-black\">4 Min Read<\/div><p class=\"heading-14 color-carbon-black line-height-md margin-top-1 margin-bottom-1\">NASA to Launch New Refueling Mission, Helping Spacecraft Live Longer and Journey...<\/p><div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/robotic-refueling-mission-3-completes-crucial-series-of-tests\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-6 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col padding-left-0 padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t<div class=\"display-flex hds-news-item-bubble\"><div class=\"padding-right-3\"><div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black circle-10 minw-10 maxh-10 minh-10\"><figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/06\/cryogenic-infographic-sm.png?resize=200,200 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/div><div><div class=\"label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-black\">4 Min Read<\/div><p class=\"heading-14 color-carbon-black line-height-md margin-top-1 margin-bottom-1\">Robotic Refueling Mission 3 Completes Crucial Series of Tests<\/p><div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/space-station-enables-tests-of-technology-to-capture-refuel-repair-orbiting-satellites\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-6 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col padding-left-0 padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-2 padding-bottom-4 desktop:padding-bottom-0\">\n\t<div class=\"display-flex hds-news-item-bubble\"><div class=\"padding-right-3\"><div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black circle-10 minw-10 maxh-10 minh-10\"><figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/leoe_tcafs_iss058e015157_sideways.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/leoe_tcafs_iss058e015157_sideways.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/leoe_tcafs_iss058e015157_sideways.png?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/leoe_tcafs_iss058e015157_sideways.png?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/leoe_tcafs_iss058e015157_sideways.png?resize=200,200 200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/figure><\/div><\/div><div><div class=\"label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-black\">2 Min Read<\/div><p class=\"heading-14 color-carbon-black line-height-md margin-top-1 margin-bottom-1\">Space Station Enables Tests of Technology to Capture, Refuel, Repair Orbiting Satellites<\/p><div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-auto\"><svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg><span>Article<\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Spacecraft use consumables like propellant and coolant to perform key functions such as maneuvering and maintaining critical equipment. Consumables, by their very nature, eventually run out. The technology to replenish these crucial supplies in space does not currently exist. NASA’s Robotic Refueling Mission 3 (RRM3) will help change that paradigm, advancing satellite servicing capabilities and [...]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":167,"featured_media":546680,"parent":543255,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[]},"categories":[],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[],"coauthors":[10404],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebPage","headline":"Robotic Refueling Mission 3","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/robotic-refueling-mission-3\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/robotic-refueling-mission-3\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sspd-final0011.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sspd-final0011.jpg"},"articleSection":"General","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jennifer M. Brill"}],"creator":["Jennifer M. Brill"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":[],"dateCreated":"2023-10-12T00:27:26Z","datePublished":"2023-10-12T00:27:26Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T15:23:04Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"Robotic Refueling Mission 3\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nexis\/robotic-refueling-mission-3\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"index\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sspd-final0011.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2023-10-12T00:27:26Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"General\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Jennifer M. Brill\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":5,"time_ago":"8 months","featured_image":{"id":546680,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/sspd-final0011.jpg","title":"sspd-final0011","alt":"Cryogen Servicing Tool before launch","caption":"Cryogen Servicing Tool before launch"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic\/546651"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/topic"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/167"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic\/546651\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":654480,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic\/546651\/revisions\/654480"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic\/543255"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/546680"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=546651"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=546651"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=546651"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=546651"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=546651"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}