{"id":339669,"date":"2023-06-07T11:28:20","date_gmt":"2023-06-07T15:28:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?post_type=topic&p=339669"},"modified":"2023-06-26T15:00:56","modified_gmt":"2023-06-26T19:00:56","slug":"wallops-history","status":"publish","type":"topic","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallops-history\/","title":{"rendered":"Wallops History"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\" hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-secondary-navigation\"><div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-wrapper z-top width-100 padding-0\"><div id=\"\" class=\"hds-secondary-navigation width-full border-bottom-1px text-center hds-color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-hdsnav\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"hds-secondary-nav-mobile-button display-flex tablet:display-flex desktop:display-none width-full flex-align-center bg-carbon-90 border-color-carbon-80 color-spacesuit-white\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"hds-secondary-nav-track\"><span>Wallops Flight Facility<\/span><svg width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewBox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\" \/><\/svg><\/button><div class=\"hds-secondary-nav-track grid-container grid-container-extrawide padding-0 tablet:padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-2 \"><div class=\"hds-secondary-navigation-menu-items\"><nav><ul class=\"usa-nav__primary usa-accordion flex-justify-center margin-0\"><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallops\/\">Wallops Home<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"basic-nav-section-one\"><span>About Wallops<\/span><svg class=\"hds-desktop-submenu-toggle-icon display-none tablet:display-none desktop:display-block\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewBox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\" \/><\/svg><svg class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon display-block tablet:display-block desktop:display-none\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle cx=\"8\" cy=\"8\" r=\"7.5\" fill=\"#0B3D91\" stroke=\"white\"\/><rect x=\"4\" y=\"7.6001\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" fill=\"white\"\/><rect class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon-line-vertical\" x=\"7.59998\" y=\"12\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" transform=\"rotate(-90 7.59998 12)\" fill=\"white\"\/><\/svg><\/button><ul id=\"basic-nav-section-one\" class=\"usa-nav__submenu\" hidden><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallops\/about\/\">Wallops Overview<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.wff.nasa.gov\/code802\/business\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Doing Business with Wallops<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item usa-current\"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallops-history\/\">History<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallops\/mediaresources\/\">Media Resources<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/goddard\/annual-reports\/\">Annual Reports<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"basic-nav-section-one\"><span>Programs and Missions<\/span><svg class=\"hds-desktop-submenu-toggle-icon display-none tablet:display-none desktop:display-block\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewBox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\" \/><\/svg><svg class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon display-block tablet:display-block desktop:display-none\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle cx=\"8\" cy=\"8\" r=\"7.5\" fill=\"#0B3D91\" stroke=\"white\"\/><rect x=\"4\" y=\"7.6001\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" fill=\"white\"\/><rect class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon-line-vertical\" x=\"7.59998\" y=\"12\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" transform=\"rotate(-90 7.59998 12)\" fill=\"white\"\/><\/svg><\/button><ul id=\"basic-nav-section-one\" class=\"usa-nav__submenu\" hidden><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/soundingrockets\/\">Sounding Rockets<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/scientificballoons\/\">Scientific Balloons<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/airbornescience.nasa.gov\/program\/poc\/NASA_Wallops_Flight_Facility\" rel=\"noopener\">Airborne Science<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/smallsat.wff.nasa.gov\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Small Satellites<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallopsrange\/\">Wallops Range<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallops\/stem\/\">STEM Engagement<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__primary-item\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"basic-nav-section-one\"><span>Visit Wallops<\/span><svg class=\"hds-desktop-submenu-toggle-icon display-none tablet:display-none desktop:display-block\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"\" enable-background=\"new 0 0 400 400\" viewBox=\"0 0 400 400\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"m4.2 122.2 195.1 195.1 196.5-196.6-37.9-38-157.8 157.8-156.8-156.8z\" \/><\/svg><svg class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon display-block tablet:display-block desktop:display-none\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle cx=\"8\" cy=\"8\" r=\"7.5\" fill=\"#0B3D91\" stroke=\"white\"\/><rect x=\"4\" y=\"7.6001\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" fill=\"white\"\/><rect class=\"hds-mobile-submenu-toggle-icon-line-vertical\" x=\"7.59998\" y=\"12\" width=\"8\" height=\"0.8\" transform=\"rotate(-90 7.59998 12)\" fill=\"white\"\/><\/svg><\/button><ul id=\"basic-nav-section-one\" class=\"usa-nav__submenu\" hidden><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallops\/visitor-center\/\">Visitor Center<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallops\/visitor-center\/facility-tours\/\">Facility Tours<\/a><\/li><li class=\"usa-nav__submenu-item \"><a class=\"usa-nav__link\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallops\/visitor-center\/plan-your-visit\/\">Maps and Directions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-0 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-page-intro\">\n\t<div class=\"padding-0 bg-spacesuit-white wp-block-nasa-blocks-page-intro\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-page-intro hds-page-intro-banner width-full maxw-full padding-0 hds-cover-wrapper minh-tablet\">\n\t\t<div class=\"hds-foreground-wrapper display-flex\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container grid-container-block margin-top-auto margin-bottom-auto width-full maxw-desktop-lg padding-top-9 padding-x-3 z-400\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-4 margin-bottom-3 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"page-heading-md line-height-sm color-spacesuit-white-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWallops History\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-lg color-carbon-30-important\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\tSince its first rocket launch on June 27, 1945, Wallops has grown from a small test range for guided missile research to supporting aerospace and science exploration and technology development world-wide as NASA\u2019s premier location for suborbital and small orbital activities.\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-4 margin-bottom-3 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-left mobile-skrim-top z-200\"><\/div>\n\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"2048\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Black and white image of a rocket on a metal structure with people working around it.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 40% 0%; object-position: 40% 0%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg 2400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=1536,1536 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=2048,2048 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=200,200 200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=400,400 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=600,600 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=900,900 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=1200,1200 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=2000,2000 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/figure>\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u201cIn its 75-year history, Wallops employees have adopted a can-do spirit in not only the execution of NASA\u2019s mission but also in conducting outreach and providing inspiration to our local community,\u201d said Wallops Director David L. Pierce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cMuch of this inspiration was driven by Wallops\u2019 long-time leader, Robert L. Krieger, who guided Wallops through tremendous growth from 1948 through 1981. The dedication, ingenuity and perseverance of Krieger, along with our Wallops alumni and current employees have driven Wallops to be a world leader in space, enabling scientific discovery, powering tomorrow\u2019s technologies, and training generations of explorers. All the while, we are so very proud to be a part of our Eastern Shore community,\u201d said Pierce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At Wallops NASA\u2019s nearly 1,100 employees support scientists gathering a deeper understanding of Earth and the universe around us using sounding rockets, scientific balloons, spacecraft and aircraft. It also houses tracking facilities for a multitude of satellites, a research airport and NASA\u2019s only owned rocket launch range for suborbital and orbital rockets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, Wallops hosts government and commercial organizations including the U.S. Navy, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Coast Guard, the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport, Northrop Grumman and Rocket Lab. Nearly 700 personnel support the activities of these organizations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In April 1945, NASA\u2019s predecessor the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics or NACA decided to set up a launch range on the small barrier island on Virginia\u2019s Eastern Shore.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Through its early history the island was known as Keeckotank, Accocomoson or Occocomoson Island. In 1672, The island was granted to John Wallop through a patent from King Charles II of England in 1672. Ownership changed over the years and in 1889 the Wallops Island Association acquired the island and established a club house on the north end of the island.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For the test range, NACA leased land on the south end of Wallops Island from the Association and eventually purchased the entire island in 1949 for $93,238.71.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Joe Shortal in his book <a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/19790011995.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>A New Dimension — Wallops Island Flight Test Range: The First Fifteen Years<\/em><\/a><em>, wrote, <\/em>Wallops \u201cwas established by the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) during World War II (in the spring of 1945) as an auxiliary base of the NACA Laboratory at Langley Field, Virginia, to provide a test range for guided missile flight research, initially at subsonic speeds, but with plans for extending the research into transonic and supersonic speed ranges.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The island met the three basic requirements to establish the test range:  1) It was close to Langley; 2) it provided a 50-mile launch range unobstructed by people or shipping; and 3) it was close to an existing military base for logistics support (the Chincoteague Naval Auxiliary Air Station).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In just over two months the test range on Wallops Island was ready for its first launch, actually eight launches, on June 27. The small rockets were used to test radar systems prior to the first unguided missile test from the island on July 4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The facilities were sparse for these first launches. The launch area consisted of a 50 x 50 foot concrete slab as the launching platform; and 8 x 10 foot observation station covered with sandbags; a rocket motor storage igloo and a final loading building. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The launch area now is known as launch area 2 on Wallops Island and is the location for three suborbital sounding rocket launchers and a block house.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The work area consisted of 5 wooden shacks: an operations office; assembly shed; general warehouse shed; radio, dispensary and dark room shed; and a power generator house with a 15kw generator. Also, the living area consisted of tents with wooden floors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>From these humble beginnings facilities have expanded to include government and commercial facilities with a value over $1 billion.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1958 NACA became NASA and with it Wallops expanded off the island to include the Naval Air Station in 1959. Approximately 7 miles north of Wallops Island, it is now commonly referred to as the Wallops Main Base.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With the physical changes over the years Wallops also took on new names. Beginning as the Auxiliary Flight Research Station, it became the Pilotless Aircraft Research Station, both under the direction of Langley.  With establishment of NASA, Wallops became an independent center.  First called Wallops Station and then Wallops Flight Center. Finally in 1981, it became part of NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center and the name was changed to the Wallops Flight Facility.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the book <a href=\"https:\/\/history.nasa.gov\/SP-4311\/sp4311.htm\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Wallops Station and the Creation of the American Space Program<\/em><\/a> Harold Wallace Jr. wrote, \u201cThus, Wallops, despite its small stature and uncelebrated role, contributed significantly to the early U.S. space effort.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pierce said, \u201cWallace\u2019s words can be considered true for the first 75 years of Wallops. Wallops employees are proud of our accomplishments, have accepted the challenges in the past and are ready to support those of the future as we continue to explore Earth and beyond, including returning to the Moon by 2024 under NASA\u2019s Artemis program. We are excited to see what the next 75 years bring!\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-image-carousel grid-container grid-container-block padding-top-8 padding-bottom-8 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-image-carousel\">\t\t<div class=\"hds-carousel-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"image-carousel-slider margin-0\" id=\"image-carousel-slider\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1444\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1444&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1444&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946~large.jpg?w=300&h=226&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946~large.jpg?w=768&h=578&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946~large.jpg?w=1024&h=770&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1155&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946~large.jpg?w=400&h=301&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946~large.jpg?w=600&h=451&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946~large.jpg?w=900&h=677&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946\/LRC-1959-B701_P-04946~large.jpg?w=1200&h=903&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Assembling the Little Joe capsules.  The capsules were manufactured  in-house  by Langley technicians. Three capsules are shown here in various stages of assembly. The escape tower and rocket motors shown on the completed capsule would be removed before shipping and finally assembly for launching at Wallops Island. Joseph Shortal wrote (vol. 3, p. 32):  Design of the Little Joe capsules began at Langley before McDonnell started on the design of the Mercury capsule and was, therefore, a separate design. Although it was not designed to carry a man, it did have to carry a monkey. It had to meet the weight and center of gravity requirements of Mercury and withstand the same aerodynamic loads during the exit trajectory.   Although in comparison with the overall Mercury Project, Little Joe was a simple undertaking, the fact that an attempt was made to condense a normal two-year project into a 6-month one with in house labor turned it into a major undertaking for Langley.  Project Mercury: Little Joe: Boilerplate Mercury spacecraft undergo fabrication at the shops of the Langley Research Center. They will launched atop Little Joe rockets to test the spacecraft recovery systems. — Published in Joseph A. Shortal, History of Wallops Station: Origins and Activities Through 1949, (Wallops Island, VA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Wallops Station, nd), Comment Edition. L59-4947 Technicians prepare a Little Joe launch vehicle prototype for the Mercury space program, 1959. Photograph published in Winds of Change, 75th Anniversary NASA publication, page 76, by James Schultz<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Black and white image of a rocket on a metal structure with people working around it.\" style=\"transform: scale(1.02); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg 2400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=1536,1536 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=2048,2048 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=200,200 200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=400,400 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=600,600 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=900,900 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=1200,1200 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?resize=2000,2000 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The first research rocket launched from Wallops Island was Tiamat on July 4, 1945.<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/lrc-1951-p-69519-pard-1.jpeg?w=768\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"RM-10 Research Model on Launcher Wallops Island NASA Langley. Technician Durwood Dereng measures elevation of double Deacon booster prior to launch of RM-10 research model at Wallops, February 6, 1951. Photograph published in A New Dimension; Wallops Island Flight\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 45% 70%; object-position: 45% 70%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/lrc-1951-p-69519-pard-1.jpeg 3000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/lrc-1951-p-69519-pard-1.jpeg?resize=225,300 225w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/lrc-1951-p-69519-pard-1.jpeg?resize=768,1024 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/lrc-1951-p-69519-pard-1.jpeg?resize=1153,1536 1153w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/lrc-1951-p-69519-pard-1.jpeg?resize=1537,2048 1537w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/lrc-1951-p-69519-pard-1.jpeg?resize=300,400 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/lrc-1951-p-69519-pard-1.jpeg?resize=450,600 450w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/lrc-1951-p-69519-pard-1.jpeg?resize=675,900 675w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/lrc-1951-p-69519-pard-1.jpeg?resize=900,1200 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/lrc-1951-p-69519-pard-1.jpeg?resize=1501,2000 1501w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Test set-up for the Pilotless Aircraft Research Division (PARD) at Wallops Island in 1950. The PARD was led by Langley\u2019s Robert Gilruth. He along with many PARD members were chosen to form the core of the Space Task Group that planned the Mercury, Gemini and Apollo Missions.\r\n<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-block width-full\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"margin-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper hds-image-carousel-slide margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"736\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/miss-sam-little-joe.jpg?w=736\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"Black and white photo of a rocket horizontal be prepared for launch.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 45% 70%; object-position: 45% 70%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/miss-sam-little-joe.jpg 1270w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/miss-sam-little-joe.jpg?resize=216,300 216w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/miss-sam-little-joe.jpg?resize=768,1068 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/miss-sam-little-joe.jpg?resize=736,1024 736w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/miss-sam-little-joe.jpg?resize=1105,1536 1105w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/miss-sam-little-joe.jpg?resize=288,400 288w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/miss-sam-little-joe.jpg?resize=431,600 431w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/miss-sam-little-joe.jpg?resize=647,900 647w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/miss-sam-little-joe.jpg?resize=863,1200 863w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" \/><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Crews prepare a Little Joe rocket for launch from Wallops Island. The Little Joe project tested escape systems for the Mercury capsule and biomedical conditions during rocket flight in the early 1960s.<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-carousel-nav display-flex margin-left-auto margin-right-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"hds-carousel-nav-arrow hds-carousel-arrow-prev\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"9px\" height=\"9px\" viewBox=\"0 0 9 9\"><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M3.5,4.5l3.7-3.6L6.3,0L1.8,4.5L6.3,9l0.9-0.9L3.5,4.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<button class=\"hds-carousel-nav-arrow hds-carousel-arrow-next margin-right-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"9px\" height=\"9px\" viewBox=\"0 0 9 9\"><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M5.5,4.5L1.8,8.1L2.7,9l4.5-4.5L2.7,0L1.8,0.9L5.5,4.5z\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More NASA History<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/explore-nasas-history\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Explore NASA’s History<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1878\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1919&h=1878&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1919&h=1878&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1919w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=300&h=294&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=768&h=752&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1024&h=1002&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1503&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=50&h=49&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 50w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=400&h=391&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=600&h=587&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=900&h=881&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1200&h=1174&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/dr-robert-h-goddard-american-rocketry-pioneer\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Dr. Robert H. Goddard, American Rocketry Pioneer<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"911\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/296776main_goddardchalkboard_hi_0.jpg?w=1200\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/296776main_goddardchalkboard_hi_0.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/296776main_goddardchalkboard_hi_0.jpg?resize=300,228 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/296776main_goddardchalkboard_hi_0.jpg?resize=768,583 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/296776main_goddardchalkboard_hi_0.jpg?resize=1024,777 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/296776main_goddardchalkboard_hi_0.jpg?resize=400,304 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/296776main_goddardchalkboard_hi_0.jpg?resize=600,456 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/296776main_goddardchalkboard_hi_0.jpg?resize=900,683 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/nasa-history-series\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>NASA History Series<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1229\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg 2880w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=300,240 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=768,615 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=1024,820 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=1536,1229 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=2048,1639 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=400,320 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=600,480 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=900,720 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=1200,960 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/nasa-history-pubs.jpg?resize=2000,1601 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-office\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>NASA History Office<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1536\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/grc-1957-c-44368.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cIn its 75-year history, Wallops employees have adopted a can-do spirit in not only the execution of NASA\u2019s mission but also in conducting outreach and providing inspiration to our local community,\u201d said Wallops Director David L. Pierce. \u201cMuch of this inspiration was driven by Wallops\u2019 long-time leader, Robert L. Krieger, who guided Wallops through tremendous [...]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":118,"featured_media":256380,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"template":"","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[]},"categories":[2671,2872],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[3927],"coauthors":[10403],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"WebPage","headline":"Wallops History","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallops-history\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallops-history\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg"},"articleSection":"NASA History","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jamie Adkins"}],"creator":["Jamie Adkins"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["NASA Centers & Facilities","Wallops Flight Facility","NASA History"],"dateCreated":"2023-06-07T15:28:20Z","datePublished":"2023-06-07T15:28:20Z","dateModified":"2023-06-26T19:00:56Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"Wallops History\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wallops-history\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"index\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2023-06-07T15:28:20Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"NASA History\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"NASA Centers & Facilities,Wallops Flight Facility,NASA History\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Jamie Adkins\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":5,"time_ago":"1 year","featured_image":{"id":256380,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/first-tiamat.jpg","title":"First Launch from Wallops Island","alt":"Black and white image of a rocket on a metal structure with people working around it.","caption":"The first research rocket launched from Wallops Island was Tiamat on July 4, 1945."},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic\/339669"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/topic"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/118"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic\/339669\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":339716,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic\/339669\/revisions\/339716"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/256380"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=339669"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=339669"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=339669"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=339669"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=339669"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}