Light-Duty Automotive Technology and 


Fuel Economy Trends: 


1975 through 2007


Appendix J: Data Stratified by 


Vehicle Type and Cylinder Count


Compliance and Innovative Strategies Division


and


Transportation and Climate Division


Office of Transportation and Air Quality


U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 

NOTICE 

This technical report does not necessarily represent final EPA decisions or 

positions. It is intended to present technical analysis of issues using data 

that are currently available. The purpose in the release of such reports is to 

facilitate the exchange of technical information and to inform the public of 

technical developments. 

EPA420-R-07-008


September 2007

Table J-1 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Other Cylinder Cars 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FTYEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 2 .000 11.5 8.8 11.4 9.8 4500 326 285 8.2 154 .874 .0633 22.1 

1976 2 .000 11.0 8.5 10.7 9.4 4500 326 244 9.3 142 .748 .0542 21.1 

1977 2 .000 11.2 8.7 10.9 9.6 4445 91.6 326 244 9.2 142 .748 .0550 21.3 878 1948 

1978 1 .000 11.4 9.0 10.7 9.7 4500 93.4 326 268 8.6 149 .822 .0595 21.8 906 2038 

1979 1 .000 11.0 8.8 10.2 9.4 4500 92.4 326 244 9.3 142 .748 .0542 21.1 866 1949 

1980 0 .000 13.1 9.9 13.3 11.2 4224 89.5 326 267 8.2 152 .818 .0633 24.1 1027 2157 

1982 1 .000 16.5 12.4 17.0 14.1 4000 87.3 326 262 8.0 154 .804 .0655 28.3 1234 2468 

1983 2 .000 16.5 12.4 17.2 14.1 3989 86.5 325 264 8.0 155 .813 .0663 28.2 1226 2448 

1984 3 .000 16.6 12.4 17.1 14.2 3997 84.9 326 262 8.0 154 .806 .0657 28.3 1204 2408 

1985 4 .000 16.5 12.4 16.9 14.1 4000 84.1 325 265 7.9 155 .816 .0663 28.2 1189 2377 

1986 5 .000 16.2 12.1 16.7 13.9 3996 82.5 324 270 7.9 157 .833 .0676 27.9 1157 2313 

1987 3 .000 16.7 12.5 16.7 14.2 3991 75.4 324 276 7.8 159 .855 .0692 28.7 1094 2185 

1988 9 .001 16.1 11.9 16.4 13.7 4157 94.0 318 280 7.9 157 .884 .0674 28.6 1301 2730 

1989 11 .001 16.4 12.0 16.8 13.9 4310 85.4 318 279 8.1 155 .880 .0650 30.2 1203 2598 

1990 9 .001 16.8 12.2 17.2 14.2 4379 82.7 317 280 8.2 155 .889 .0642 31.2 1182 2589 

1991 7 .001 16.6 12.0 17.3 14.1 4409 87.0 312 305 7.7 162 .977 .0695 31.1 1234 2727 

1992 5 .001 16.3 11.8 16.7 13.7 4458 87.2 334 317 7.7 165 .949 .0715 30.7 1191 2691 

1993 3 .000 16.8 11.9 17.5 14.2 4412 81.0 377 364 6.8 182 .981 .0848 31.1 1131 2592 

1994 7 .001 17.2 12.1 17.7 14.4 4158 70.8 407 354 6.7 183 .878 .0876 29.9 1009 2149 

1995 5 .001 16.7 11.7 17.3 14.0 4432 82.3 390 373 6.6 183 .975 .0853 31.3 1159 2629 

1996 4 .001 18.3 12.6 19.3 15.4 4131 79.8 408 381 6.2 193 .950 .0952 31.8 1233 2668 

1997 4 .001 17.1 11.5 18.8 14.4 4218 75.6 403 405 6.0 199 1.018 .0992 30.8 1112 2458 

1998 3 .000 17.5 11.9 18.6 14.7 4222 79.4 388 395 6.2 195 1.027 .0963 31.4 1198 2626 

1999 3 .000 16.1 10.9 17.2 13.5 4274 75.2 394 412 6.1 200 1.062 .1002 29.4 1044 2364 

2000 4 .000 16.4 10.9 17.8 13.8 4150 71.5 405 412 5.9 203 1.033 .1032 28.9 1001 2188 

2001 6 .001 17.5 11.6 18.8 14.7 4239 86.4 389 398 6.2 196 1.034 .0968 32.1 1347 2983 

2002 4 .000 17.6 11.5 19.0 14.7 4126 80.7 399 410 5.9 202 1.042 .1021 31.0 1247 2683 

2003 5 .001 17.0 11.2 18.2 14.2 4101 82.0 408 482 5.1 226 1.216 .1206 29.7 1199 2594 

2004 8 .001 16.3 10.6 17.3 13.6 4322 74.1 391 496 5.2 226 1.311 .1194 29.8 1034 2398 

2005 10 .001 16.3 10.7 17.1 13.6 4630 82.2 384 524 5.2 226 1.390 .1164 31.6 1124 2717 

2006 15 .002 16.3 10.7 17.1 13.6 4678 96.6 359 519 5.3 224 1.476 .1143 31.8 1316 3159 

2007 19 .002 16.8 11.0 17.4 14.0 4773 104.8 334 515 5.4 219 1.547 .1098 33.5 1480 3559 

Percent Of Other Cylinder Cars: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 100.0 

1976 100.0 

1977 10.9 100.0 

1978 100.0 

1979 100.0 

1980 11.5 64.5 

1982 100.0 

1983 2.2 100.0 

1984 .6 100.0 

1985 2.8 100.0 

1986 6.4 100.0 93.6 6.4 

1987 11.0 100.0 89.0 11.0 

1988 5.4 32.7 100.0 94.6 5.4 

1989 3.9 33.8 98.4 1.6 96.1 3.9 

1990 4.8 37.0 100.0 95.2 4.8 

1991 1.6 12.2 53.4 100.0 94.7 5.3 

1992 1.1 14.4 24.4 100.0 73.6 26.4 20.6 

1993 .4 30.9 25.9 100.0 56.6 43.4 40.5 

1994 1.5 40.5 36.8 100.0 75.0 25.0 24.9 

1995 .8 32.3 30.4 100.0 57.6 42.4 53.5 

1996 .6 44.5 55.5 100.0 73.1 26.9 55.5 

1997 1.8 40.8 59.2 100.0 52.8 47.2 61.6 

1998 2.9 37.0 63.0 100.0 60.3 39.7 67.2 

1999 5.2 47.1 52.9 100.0 54.2 45.8 58.9 

2000 56.6 43.4 100.0 46.1 53.9 33.8 

2001 2.7 39.7 60.3 100.0 43.3 38.9 17.9 21.8 

2002 2.4 41.0 59.0 100.0 34.9 44.4 20.7 11.1 

2003 1.6 49.4 50.6 100.0 36.8 26.0 37.2 22.4 

2004 32.5 37.6 62.4 100.0 22.4 77.6 49.5 

2005 37.1 24.9 75.1 100.0 16.5 20.9 60.3 2.3 80.0 

2006 32.0 13.1 86.9 100.0 10.6 10.9 76.6 1.0 89.0 

2007 38.8 6.9 91.6 100.0 11.5 88.5 76.8 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-1 Appendix J 
Table J-2 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Two-Cylinder Cars 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FTYEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 51 .006 15.8 12.2 15.4 13.5 2899 152 129 10.9 121 .849 .0444 19.5 

1976 27 .003 20.4 15.8 19.9 17.4 2952 156 132 10.8 121 .846 .0447 25.8 

1977 16 .001 22.3 17.0 22.3 19.1 2965 91.1 157 133 10.8 121 .846 .0448 28.5 1747 2596 

1978 2 .000 20.9 16.3 20.1 17.8 2855 94.2 154 131 10.6 122 .848 .0459 25.5 1683 2416 

1979 52 .005 20.4 15.3 21.1 17.5 2750 50.0 140 125 10.6 121 .893 .0455 24.0 873 1201 

1980 52 .006 19.8 14.8 20.8 17.0 2750 50.0 140 100 12.6 110 .714 .0364 23.4 850 1168 

1981 34 .004 23.7 18.4 23.0 20.2 2500 50.0 140 100 11.7 113 .714 .0400 25.3 1012 1265 

1982 51 .007 23.7 18.4 22.9 20.2 2500 50.0 140 100 11.7 113 .714 .0400 25.3 1011 1264 

1983 61 .008 22.7 17.6 22.0 19.3 2516 50.0 140 100 11.8 113 .714 .0398 24.3 968 1216 

1984 41 .004 22.0 16.5 22.5 18.8 2577 50.0 144 109 11.4 116 .749 .0420 24.2 940 1210 

1985 59 .005 22.1 16.6 22.6 18.9 2567 50.0 143 106 11.5 115 .739 .0412 24.2 944 1212 

1986 51 .005 23.0 17.0 23.9 19.6 2925 79.4 160 146 9.9 127 .912 .0500 28.7 1558 2278 

1987 51 .005 22.8 16.8 23.6 19.4 3000 50.0 160 152 9.8 129 .953 .0508 29.1 971 1457 

1988 39 .004 22.6 16.6 23.4 19.2 3111 50.0 160 150 10.2 127 .938 .0485 29.9 960 1493 

1989 9 .001 22.9 16.6 23.8 19.4 3141 50.0 160 163 9.6 131 1.021 .0523 30.4 969 1520 

1990 10 .001 22.9 16.5 23.7 19.3 3169 50.0 160 162 9.7 131 1.014 .0515 30.6 967 1529 

1991 8 .001 22.8 16.4 23.5 19.2 3202 50.0 160 161 9.8 130 1.007 .0506 30.7 961 1536 

1993 10 .001 23.5 16.7 24.1 19.7 3000 50.0 160 255 6.5 170 1.594 .0850 29.5 984 1476 

1994 3 .000 23.5 16.6 24.0 19.6 3000 50.0 160 255 6.5 170 1.594 .0850 29.4 981 1471 

1995 0 .000 22.9 16.0 23.5 19.1 3000 50.0 160 255 6.5 170 1.594 .0850 28.7 957 1435 

2004 35 .005 23.8 16.3 22.0 19.1 3500 96.3 160 223 8.2 148 1.397 .0639 33.4 1841 3221 

2005 18 .002 23.8 16.2 22.0 19.0 3500 96.3 80 220 8.3 147 2.752 .0629 33.3 1834 3210 

2006 11 .001 24.0 16.3 22.2 19.2 3500 96.3 158 227 8.1 150 1.441 .0650 33.6 1852 3241 

2007 7 .001 24.0 16.3 22.3 19.2 3500 96.3 79 226 8.1 149 2.865 .0647 33.7 1854 3244 

Percent Of Two-Cylinder Cars: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 50.5 

1976 40.1 

1977 61.7 

1978 66.3 

1979 90.1 

1980 90.5 

1981 91.4 

1982 89.6 

1983 92.2 

1984 91.4 8.6 22.4 

1985 87.2 12.8 14.6 

1986 82.4 17.6 100.0 100.0 

1987 85.5 14.5 100.0 100.0 

1988 86.2 13.8 100.0 100.0 

1989 74.1 25.9 100.0 100.0 

1990 72.8 27.2 100.0 100.0 

1991 74.7 25.3 100.0 100.0 

1993 84.8 15.2 100.0 100.0 

1994 88.0 12.0 100.0 100.0 

1995 87.6 12.4 100.0 100.0 

2004 64.9 35.1 100.0 100.0 

2005 56.5 43.5 100.0 100.0 

2006 60.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2007 55.0 45.0 100.0 100.0 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-2 Appendix J 
Table J-3 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Three-Cylinder Cars 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FTYEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1985 37 .003 57.4 46.7 51.5 48.8 1750 82.6 61 48 15.7 96 .787 .0274 42.8 4037 3533 

1986 81 .007 55.9 45.4 49.4 47.1 1750 84.6 61 46 16.3 95 .759 .0264 42.0 4052 3546 

1987 78 .007 50.8 40.8 44.8 42.5 1878 84.8 63 51 16.2 96 .810 .0271 40.3 3660 3413 

1988 103 .010 47.2 37.6 41.6 39.4 1866 86.6 65 54 15.4 98 .824 .0286 37.3 3471 3224 

1989 85 .008 47.5 37.8 41.1 39.3 1975 90.9 64 55 15.9 97 .843 .0276 39.4 3675 3581 

1990 46 .005 48.7 38.3 42.0 40.0 2021 87.9 63 54 16.2 96 .854 .0269 41.3 3643 3646 

1991 111 .013 48.2 37.4 41.8 39.4 2008 85.5 62 56 15.6 98 .907 .0280 40.2 3458 3459 

1992 111 .014 48.6 37.2 42.1 39.5 1984 87.6 61 55 15.8 97 .902 .0278 39.7 3528 3490 

1993 88 .010 51.1 38.9 43.8 41.2 1979 88.6 61 56 15.5 98 .906 .0282 41.4 3734 3678 

1994 100 .012 50.0 37.6 42.7 40.0 1981 91.7 61 55 15.7 97 .904 .0280 40.3 3736 3690 

1995 29 .003 54.5 40.3 46.8 43.3 2000 99.9 61 55 15.7 97 .902 .0275 43.3 4331 4331 

1996 25 .003 54.8 40.3 46.4 43.2 2000 99.9 61 55 15.7 97 .902 .0275 43.2 4321 4321 

1997 13 .002 54.4 39.5 46.1 42.7 2000 90.5 61 55 15.7 97 .902 .0275 42.7 3866 3866 

1998 11 .001 53.6 38.1 46.1 41.9 2000 89.7 60 55 15.7 97 .917 .0275 41.9 3761 3761 

2000 11 .001 61.6 42.7 51.6 47.1 2000 68.1 61 61 13.2 100 1.005 .0306 48.8 3150 3150 

2001 3 .000 71.2 49.3 56.3 52.9 2111 50.0 61 66 11.1 102 1.084 .0315 55.9 2658 2794 

2003 1 .000 69.0 47.4 53.0 50.4 2167 50.0 61 66 11.1 101 1.076 .0304 54.6 2528 2730 

2004 0 .000 68.5 46.7 51.9 49.5 2175 50.0 61 65 11.1 101 1.075 .0303 53.8 2481 2691 

2005 0 .000 69.7 46.6 52.7 49.9 2140 50.0 61 68 11.1 103 1.123 .0322 53.4 2504 2670 

2006 1 .000 70.3 46.7 53.6 50.4 2111 50.0 61 72 11.1 105 1.182 .0343 53.2 2529 2661 

Percent Of Three-Cylinder Cars: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1985 100.0 90.1 

1986 100.0 64.7 100.0 

1987 100.0 73.5 8.6 86.5 13.5 

1988 89.0 11.0 76.5 13.2 1.5 68.6 31.4 

1989 100.0 64.3 14.9 13.0 57.5 70.5 29.5 

1990 89.0 11.0 77.7 6.4 24.2 70.1 79.3 20.7 

1991 94.5 5.5 61.0 3.3 7.8 89.7 91.9 8.1 

1992 99.6 .4 50.1 .2 1.9 97.4 98.8 1.2 

1993 97.7 2.3 69.2 .9 4.6 95.4 95.4 4.6 

1994 100.0 53.9 2.4 97.6 97.6 2.4 

1995 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

1996 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

1997 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

1998 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2000 52.4 100.0 52.4 47.6 47.6 52.4 52.4 52.4 

2001 100.0 55.8 44.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2003 100.0 33.2 66.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2004 100.0 29.8 70.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2005 100.0 44.0 56.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2006 100.0 55.7 44.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-3 Appendix J 
Table J-4 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Four-Cylinder Cars 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FTYEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 1805 .219 24.3 18.7 23.8 20.7 2651 112 79 15.1 102 .716 .0298 27.6 

1976 2017 .207 26.5 20.5 25.8 22.6 2613 111 77 15.2 102 .706 .0296 29.7 

1977 2287 .202 28.7 22.4 27.6 24.4 2523 86.8 106 78 14.6 103 .742 .0308 31.2 2178 2718 

1978 2926 .262 28.3 22.3 26.7 24.1 2511 88.9 108 77 14.7 103 .727 .0308 30.7 2196 2731 

1979 3157 .292 27.1 21.2 25.7 23.1 2564 90.1 110 77 14.9 102 .707 .0300 29.8 2121 2695 

1980 4511 .478 28.1 22.0 26.8 23.9 2573 93.0 116 78 14.8 102 .681 .0303 31.0 2267 2891 

1981 4469 .512 29.8 23.4 28.3 25.4 2555 97.7 115 79 14.6 103 .693 .0308 32.7 2515 3192 

1982 4251 .544 30.9 24.1 29.8 26.3 2595 97.8 114 78 14.9 102 .686 .0300 34.4 2609 3367 

1983 4158 .520 31.2 24.4 29.8 26.6 2622 101.2 118 81 14.7 103 .694 .0307 35.2 2737 3556 

1984 5744 .538 31.4 24.4 30.2 26.7 2655 100.3 119 85 14.3 105 .718 .0320 35.8 2720 3586 

1985 5865 .543 31.5 24.6 30.3 26.9 2671 101.9 120 90 13.8 107 .752 .0336 36.1 2774 3685 

1986 6462 .587 31.3 24.2 30.0 26.6 2719 102.5 121 91 13.9 106 .753 .0332 36.3 2753 3725 

1987 6679 .622 31.1 24.0 29.7 26.3 2732 102.1 121 92 13.8 107 .772 .0336 36.1 2710 3689 

1988 6333 .590 31.7 24.3 30.1 26.7 2739 101.8 118 95 13.6 108 .805 .0343 36.7 2748 3742 

1989 5671 .566 31.1 23.6 29.6 26.1 2794 101.5 120 100 13.1 110 .840 .0357 36.6 2678 3718 

1990 4925 .559 30.7 23.1 29.1 25.6 2857 100.8 122 108 12.6 112 .901 .0378 36.7 2605 3706 

1991 4843 .568 30.8 23.0 29.3 25.7 2846 100.9 120 108 12.5 113 .913 .0380 36.7 2620 3709 

1992 3946 .487 30.9 22.8 29.4 25.7 2885 100.7 120 112 12.3 114 .947 .0388 37.2 2613 3746 

1993 4267 .505 31.6 23.1 30.1 26.1 2866 101.9 119 110 12.4 113 .930 .0383 37.6 2689 3831 

1994 4190 .498 31.6 22.9 30.1 26.0 2899 102.0 120 113 12.3 114 .955 .0390 37.9 2682 3868 

1995 4620 .492 32.2 23.1 30.7 26.4 2889 102.7 118 120 11.7 117 1.016 .0413 38.3 2737 3932 

1996 3982 .505 31.6 22.5 30.1 25.9 2936 102.8 121 123 11.6 118 1.023 .0420 38.1 2684 3919 

1997 4481 .538 31.8 22.4 30.2 25.9 2947 102.4 121 124 11.5 118 1.024 .0420 38.2 2671 3920 

1998 4098 .514 32.0 22.4 30.3 25.9 3015 103.4 122 127 11.5 118 1.044 .0421 39.2 2701 4057 

1999 4057 .484 31.4 21.9 29.7 25.4 3072 103.7 123 129 11.5 119 1.051 .0421 39.1 2655 4064 

2000 4400 .482 31.2 21.6 29.2 25.2 3072 104.4 123 130 11.4 119 1.063 .0425 38.7 2645 4049 

2001 4180 .497 31.7 21.8 29.5 25.4 3102 104.9 124 132 11.4 119 1.067 .0425 39.6 2699 4167 

2002 4331 .522 31.5 21.5 29.1 25.1 3135 106.7 126 138 11.1 121 1.099 .0440 39.6 2710 4234 

2003 4136 .520 32.2 21.8 29.6 25.5 3161 107.1 126 142 10.9 123 1.135 .0449 40.6 2767 4359 

2004 3744 .497 32.6 21.9 29.9 25.8 3153 107.3 126 145 10.7 124 1.153 .0458 41.0 2805 4405 

2005 4361 .543 33.2 22.2 30.1 26.1 3143 108.3 126 145 10.6 124 1.150 .0459 41.5 2877 4506 

2006 4171 .514 33.2 22.2 30.2 26.1 3175 108.5 127 150 10.5 125 1.180 .0469 42.0 2884 4565 

2007 3919 .517 33.9 22.7 30.6 26.6 3223 108.8 127 151 10.4 125 1.186 .0467 43.6 2964 4758 

Percent Of Four-Cylinder Cars: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 25.2 68.9 14.4 .8 

1976 22.0 63.9 6.7 .6 

1977 28.3 69.5 11.9 1.8 

1978 31.8 67.4 10.4 1.7 

1979 33.5 1.2 65.9 7.0 2.1 

1980 44.8 1.0 60.3 9.1 3.6 

1981 60.6 .9 55.2 1.7 7.5 4.0 

1982 72.1 .9 49.5 21.4 7.5 11.2 2.6 

1983 76.2 5.1 45.0 26.2 11.7 21.0 1.0 

1984 81.3 1.4 39.9 30.4 15.4 28.3 1.6 

1985 84.0 3.7 36.7 31.8 18.7 33.6 .8 

1986 89.5 1.5 36.5 37.0 24.4 38.9 .4 92.4 5.4 2.2 

1987 92.0 1.5 34.4 43.0 24.9 43.2 .1 78.1 14.4 7.4 

1988 94.1 1.0 35.2 50.3 32.7 45.9 69.8 15.1 15.1 

1989 93.2 1.5 31.8 53.5 43.7 41.3 .1 61.2 19.7 19.2 

1990 93.2 1.5 30.6 57.9 62.9 35.3 .0 47.6 9.4 43.0 

1991 92.5 2.1 31.2 60.9 68.9 31.0 .1 47.1 10.6 42.3 2.8 

1992 88.5 1.2 30.1 61.4 86.6 13.4 .0 41.8 8.8 49.4 4.9 

1993 94.1 2.0 29.3 62.9 88.1 11.9 45.2 5.8 49.0 5.4 

1994 97.1 .7 27.4 67.1 92.1 7.9 39.4 3.6 57.0 12.1 

1995 90.2 2.2 27.4 70.7 98.3 1.7 24.7 2.2 73.1 12.3 

1996 95.9 2.5 24.0 73.8 .0 98.3 1.5 .1 21.6 1.9 76.6 14.6 

1997 95.8 2.8 21.5 77.3 .1 98.7 1.2 .1 23.9 1.6 74.3 .2 11.6 

1998 95.6 3.0 19.3 79.9 .1 99.7 .3 19.5 1.6 78.1 .8 22.0 

1999 96.0 3.1 17.6 81.2 .1 99.6 .2 .2 19.7 2.0 76.4 1.8 18.7 

2000 95.2 2.9 17.0 80.7 .0 99.5 .5 20.8 1.7 75.4 2.2 24.7 

2001 95.9 3.1 17.2 80.7 .4 99.5 .5 18.0 .7 77.7 3.7 31.7 

2002 95.2 3.7 16.9 81.9 .7 99.2 .8 16.8 .6 78.8 3.7 42.8 .6 

2003 95.4 3.5 15.8 82.6 1.6 99.3 .7 7.6 88.1 4.3 52.1 1.1 

2004 95.3 3.6 14.4 82.5 2.7 99.4 .6 4.0 92.5 3.5 55.1 1.9 

2005 94.3 4.3 12.9 83.0 3.8 99.3 .7 5.6 92.9 1.5 66.7 3.4 

2006 94.7 4.2 13.9 82.0 3.4 98.9 1.1 4.4 95.5 .2 73.3 2.8 

2007 94.3 4.4 16.3 65.3 16.2 100.0 .8 99.2 75.5 5.6 

Table J-5 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Five-Cylinder Cars 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-4 Appendix J 
MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FTYEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 5 .001 26.8 21.5 24.5 22.8 3500 183 77 19.3 95 .421 .0220 39.8 

1976 12 .001 24.4 20.0 21.7 20.7 4000 183 77 21.5 93 .421 .0192 41.4 

1977 12 .001 24.9 20.7 21.6 21.1 4000 105.0 183 77 21.5 93 .421 .0192 42.2 2214 4428 

1978 39 .003 20.9 16.5 19.6 17.8 3411 103.6 152 102 15.1 106 .690 .0306 31.5 1873 3249 

1979 43 .004 22.8 18.4 20.7 19.4 3596 106.0 162 100 16.1 104 .636 .0284 35.9 2090 3818 

1980 66 .007 23.8 18.7 22.6 20.3 3357 105.3 152 92 16.3 102 .630 .0281 35.4 2208 3744 

1981 59 .007 25.4 20.1 23.8 21.6 3358 105.3 155 98 15.6 104 .650 .0297 37.4 2330 3971 

1982 58 .007 26.9 21.5 24.7 22.9 3601 105.8 163 114 14.3 108 .705 .0319 42.3 2460 4501 

1983 64 .008 27.4 22.0 25.1 23.3 3660 106.1 165 114 14.5 108 .696 .0313 43.6 2505 4638 

1984 116 .011 24.6 19.4 23.3 21.0 3326 110.3 148 109 13.9 109 .748 .0330 35.8 2334 3929 

1985 99 .009 24.0 18.9 22.8 20.5 3360 110.2 151 117 13.3 111 .788 .0352 34.9 2265 3837 

1986 71 .006 23.3 17.9 22.7 19.8 3035 111.0 136 116 12.3 114 .854 .0383 30.2 2206 3357 

1987 44 .004 23.9 18.3 23.0 20.2 3095 110.7 139 127 11.7 117 .914 .0409 31.7 2253 3499 

1988 18 .002 24.3 18.4 23.7 20.5 3047 104.6 140 129 11.4 119 .920 .0422 31.5 2155 3288 

1989 15 .002 23.8 18.0 22.8 20.0 3415 108.5 140 135 12.0 117 .969 .0398 34.3 2173 3725 

1990 18 .002 23.9 18.0 22.8 20.0 3407 105.1 141 138 11.8 118 .980 .0406 34.4 2124 3628 

1991 15 .002 24.5 18.1 24.0 20.5 3460 106.7 142 141 11.9 119 1.002 .0407 36.1 2230 3870 

1992 27 .003 26.1 19.2 25.1 21.7 3497 100.9 150 170 10.3 129 1.135 .0486 38.2 2210 3865 

1993 41 .005 27.1 19.5 26.7 22.5 3509 108.2 149 169 10.3 128 1.133 .0481 39.6 2445 4288 

1994 54 .006 26.1 18.7 25.8 21.7 3504 114.7 147 184 9.7 134 1.252 .0524 38.0 2491 4363 

1995 60 .006 26.5 18.7 26.5 22.0 3512 118.6 146 185 9.6 134 1.271 .0528 38.6 2609 4579 

1996 84 .011 26.3 18.5 25.9 21.7 3500 115.6 148 180 9.8 133 1.221 .0515 38.0 2513 4398 

1997 51 .006 26.2 18.3 25.8 21.6 3500 117.1 148 181 9.7 133 1.224 .0518 37.8 2532 4432 

1998 97 .012 25.7 17.9 25.0 21.1 3609 120.1 148 185 9.8 133 1.251 .0514 38.0 2530 4571 

1999 64 .008 26.2 18.2 25.3 21.4 3663 121.2 148 180 10.1 131 1.213 .0492 39.2 2598 4750 

2000 60 .007 26.0 17.9 25.1 21.2 3667 121.3 148 182 10.0 131 1.233 .0497 38.8 2571 4710 

2001 82 .010 25.9 18.0 24.2 20.9 3745 121.3 148 195 9.7 135 1.322 .0522 39.4 2546 4764 

2002 77 .009 27.0 18.4 25.5 21.8 3769 118.8 148 191 9.9 133 1.287 .0507 41.0 2584 4880 

2003 36 .005 26.8 18.1 25.6 21.6 3778 118.7 150 191 9.9 133 1.270 .0506 40.9 2572 4866 

2004 109 .015 26.8 18.0 25.4 21.6 3804 119.2 152 199 9.7 135 1.312 .0524 41.1 2571 4896 

2005 134 .017 27.6 18.3 26.1 22.1 3656 113.9 152 183 10.1 131 1.202 .0498 40.4 2513 4602 

2006 199 .025 28.4 18.8 27.1 22.7 3584 107.6 151 173 10.3 129 1.142 .0481 40.7 2442 4387 

2007 179 .024 28.5 18.8 27.1 22.8 3547 106.8 151 170 10.3 128 1.122 .0478 40.4 2432 4316 

Percent Of Five-Cylinder Cars: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 100.0 

1976 100.0 

1977 100.0 

1978 58.9 8.1 58.9 41.1 

1979 40.4 8.9 38.0 62.0 

1980 56.6 18.5 41.9 58.1 

1981 51.0 21.5 40.8 59.2 

1982 37.1 11.0 35.3 64.7 

1983 32.2 .8 11.7 29.0 71.0 

1984 65.8 2.6 18.2 68.4 31.6 

1985 63.1 4.1 15.6 67.3 32.7 

1986 84.9 12.6 28.4 97.5 2.5 100.0 

1987 70.4 24.0 36.5 94.4 5.6 100.0 

1988 60.5 36.0 56.1 96.5 3.5 100.0 

1989 86.8 10.9 29.2 97.7 2.3 100.0 

1990 74.5 19.0 30.8 93.5 6.5 86.9 13.1 

1991 69.0 16.4 24.5 55.2 85.4 14.6 86.2 13.8 

1992 88.6 1.1 17.1 72.5 89.7 10.3 13.4 86.6 

1993 93.3 1.8 15.7 79.4 100.0 4.9 95.1 67.1 

1994 99.1 .9 9.8 90.2 100.0 100.0 54.9 

1995 97.6 2.4 8.7 91.3 100.0 100.0 66.1 

1996 100.0 4.8 95.2 100.0 100.0 53.2 

1997 100.0 3.2 96.8 100.0 100.0 46.9 

1998 78.6 21.4 3.3 96.7 100.0 100.0 50.9 

1999 72.6 27.4 2.6 97.4 100.0 100.0 51.9 

2000 74.9 25.1 1.9 98.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2001 67.1 32.9 2.6 97.4 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2002 73.2 26.8 1.7 98.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2003 64.5 25.1 4.0 96.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2004 62.4 37.6 3.8 96.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2005 76.3 23.7 11.2 88.8 100.0 100.0 67.3 

2006 85.2 14.8 12.2 87.8 100.0 100.0 43.4 

2007 86.8 13.2 20.4 79.6 100.0 100.0 26.9 

Table J-6 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Six-Cylinder Cars 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-5 Appendix J 
MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FTYEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 1533 .186 18.4 14.6 17.2 15.7 3625 225 105 15.7 105 .485 .0295 28.5 

1976 1935 .199 19.3 15.4 17.9 16.4 3715 231 100 16.7 103 .445 .0273 30.6 

1977 1851 .164 19.6 15.6 18.2 16.7 3753 106.6 229 105 16.1 104 .471 .0284 31.4 1782 3364 

1978 2325 .208 20.2 15.9 19.2 17.2 3482 108.6 221 107 14.8 107 .495 .0311 30.0 1878 3273 

1979 2187 .203 20.4 16.1 19.2 17.4 3421 108.8 217 109 14.4 108 .508 .0319 29.7 1893 3245 

1980 2644 .280 21.6 16.9 20.6 18.4 3332 111.0 213 110 13.9 109 .530 .0334 30.7 2050 3411 

1981 2394 .274 22.6 17.6 21.7 19.2 3382 111.6 215 110 14.1 108 .522 .0328 32.6 2153 3650 

1982 2080 .266 23.0 17.7 22.5 19.6 3404 112.9 213 114 13.8 110 .548 .0338 33.5 2230 3802 

1983 1858 .232 23.8 18.3 23.5 20.3 3373 111.0 211 116 13.6 111 .565 .0346 34.3 2265 3824 

1984 2455 .230 24.1 18.5 23.8 20.5 3364 111.3 205 117 13.4 111 .586 .0350 34.6 2291 3854 

1985 2498 .232 24.1 18.2 24.3 20.6 3387 111.8 206 124 12.9 114 .617 .0368 34.8 2304 3902 

1986 2694 .245 24.9 18.7 25.5 21.2 3377 112.0 200 134 12.1 117 .683 .0398 35.9 2391 4045 

1987 2489 .232 25.1 18.5 26.1 21.4 3414 112.9 198 143 11.6 120 .733 .0419 36.5 2423 4138 

1988 2985 .278 25.9 18.9 26.8 21.9 3397 113.6 193 142 11.5 120 .744 .0418 37.4 2505 4257 

1989 3157 .315 25.7 18.6 26.6 21.7 3423 114.8 194 146 11.4 121 .762 .0429 37.2 2502 4281 

1990 2989 .339 25.4 18.3 26.4 21.5 3504 114.0 197 150 11.4 122 .773 .0431 37.7 2457 4305 

1991 2635 .309 25.3 18.2 26.0 21.3 3490 113.6 197 156 11.0 124 .796 .0448 37.2 2429 4240 

1992 3067 .378 25.4 18.0 26.2 21.3 3500 114.3 199 158 10.9 125 .810 .0454 37.3 2442 4274 

1993 3255 .385 25.8 18.3 26.2 21.5 3488 113.9 199 158 10.9 125 .805 .0454 37.6 2462 4294 

1994 3127 .372 25.6 18.0 26.0 21.3 3534 113.2 198 159 10.9 125 .812 .0451 37.7 2419 4274 

1995 3667 .390 26.0 18.2 26.6 21.7 3532 113.1 195 172 10.3 129 .888 .0487 38.3 2457 4336 

1996 3020 .383 26.1 18.1 26.5 21.6 3552 113.6 194 172 10.3 129 .894 .0485 38.4 2460 4372 

1997 3006 .361 25.9 17.8 26.3 21.4 3574 114.5 197 179 10.1 131 .918 .0502 38.3 2457 4395 

1998 3090 .388 26.2 17.9 26.5 21.6 3542 113.3 194 180 10.0 132 .934 .0507 38.3 2451 4344 

1999 3589 .428 26.2 17.8 26.2 21.5 3577 113.2 192 186 9.8 134 .980 .0521 38.5 2438 4366 

2000 3910 .428 26.3 17.8 26.2 21.5 3585 113.9 191 189 9.7 135 1.001 .0528 38.6 2459 4412 

2001 3463 .412 26.3 17.8 26.0 21.5 3586 112.9 191 194 9.5 136 1.025 .0540 38.6 2433 4365 

2002 3273 .394 26.6 17.9 25.9 21.6 3606 113.0 195 200 9.3 138 1.036 .0555 39.0 2451 4417 

2003 3118 .392 26.8 17.9 26.2 21.7 3602 112.3 194 201 9.3 139 1.040 .0558 39.2 2449 4411 

2004 3087 .410 26.6 17.6 25.8 21.5 3692 113.5 199 209 9.1 140 1.061 .0567 39.7 2448 4525 

2005 2927 .365 26.7 17.6 25.8 21.5 3776 115.9 202 214 9.1 141 1.070 .0568 40.7 2503 4736 

2006 2998 .370 26.8 17.7 25.8 21.5 3834 115.4 203 225 8.8 144 1.117 .0588 41.4 2495 4794 

2007 2618 .345 26.8 17.6 25.9 21.6 3905 114.3 206 236 8.6 147 1.152 .0606 42.3 2477 4850 

Percent Of Six-Cylinder Cars: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 19.3 8.3 

1976 15.2 4.7 

1977 11.9 6.7 

1978 9.1 8.3 5.3 

1979 .5 9.1 8.2 6.9 

1980 22.0 1.5 8.2 25.7 4.3 .2 

1981 14.2 .8 5.4 58.8 6.8 .3 

1982 19.5 1.1 5.3 89.3 9.8 8.0 2.6 

1983 22.4 1.7 6.6 90.1 12.3 2.0 

1984 31.5 .9 6.1 91.9 21.0 8.8 1.4 

1985 48.6 .0 6.3 92.7 41.1 21.6 .6 

1986 63.4 .3 6.9 91.1 64.7 15.4 .3 98.9 1.1 

1987 73.0 .2 7.9 89.2 88.8 7.9 .8 95.9 4.1 

1988 83.8 .2 5.8 92.5 97.6 2.3 93.7 1.0 5.3 

1989 84.1 .3 5.0 93.0 99.8 .2 93.2 .7 6.1 

1990 86.3 .1 3.9 94.3 99.8 .1 .0 91.5 .1 8.3 

1991 87.8 .4 4.3 93.6 99.9 .1 90.0 .1 9.9 .6 

1992 88.6 1.3 4.2 93.1 99.9 .1 .0 85.8 .4 13.8 3.1 

1993 88.2 .3 4.3 93.8 100.0 .0 81.9 18.1 2.6 

1994 86.4 .2 4.3 94.2 100.0 .0 79.3 20.7 2.2 

1995 87.4 .2 4.4 93.9 99.8 .2 70.2 29.8 6.7 

1996 88.9 .7 4.2 94.3 99.9 .1 65.9 34.1 8.3 

1997 87.8 .6 3.5 96.5 99.9 .1 64.3 .4 35.3 9.8 

1998 87.8 1.1 4.0 96.0 99.9 .1 63.1 1.6 34.2 1.2 13.3 

1999 87.9 1.1 4.0 95.8 99.9 .1 49.9 1.9 46.3 1.9 16.2 

2000 85.7 1.0 5.0 94.9 100.0 48.1 1.3 48.9 1.7 22.8 

2001 82.1 3.1 4.9 94.9 100.0 48.7 2.5 45.9 2.8 25.0 

2002 83.3 4.0 3.8 96.0 .1 100.0 46.5 2.8 48.5 2.2 23.6 

2003 77.7 3.7 5.2 94.5 .2 100.0 47.2 3.2 47.3 2.3 31.8 

2004 76.9 6.6 4.5 95.3 .1 100.0 41.1 2.4 55.0 1.5 33.6 

2005 72.4 7.1 3.1 95.4 1.4 99.8 .2 41.5 2.1 55.9 .5 33.0 .7 

2006 66.3 7.4 4.2 94.0 1.8 99.8 .2 33.6 .5 65.8 .1 53.6 .1 

2007 66.1 12.1 4.3 90.2 5.5 99.8 .2 32.4 .3 67.3 72.4 .2 

Table J-7 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Eight-Cylinder Cars 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT VOL ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON CU-FT CU-FTEPA420-R-07-008 J-6 Appendix J 
YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CU-FT CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG -MPG TON-MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 4840 .588 13.4 10.5 12.9 11.5 4732 376 167 13.4 117 .446 .0354 27.3 

1976 5728 .589 15.1 11.9 14.4 12.9 4689 368 165 13.4 116 .448 .0352 30.3 

1977 7132 .631 16.2 12.7 15.3 13.8 4450 119.0 348 158 13.2 116 .455 .0356 30.8 1651 3665 

1978 5882 .526 17.2 13.4 16.7 14.7 4166 119.2 335 154 12.8 117 .460 .0371 30.8 1777 3680 

1979 5354 .496 17.6 13.8 16.7 15.0 4060 120.6 324 149 12.9 116 .460 .0368 30.6 1826 3698 

1980 2169 .230 19.1 14.7 18.7 16.3 3920 120.6 309 135 13.6 113 .439 .0346 32.4 1999 3939 

1981 1778 .204 20.2 15.4 20.3 17.3 3973 123.0 307 133 14.0 112 .440 .0337 34.9 2168 4331 

1982 1377 .176 20.3 15.3 20.7 17.3 3940 123.4 305 138 13.5 114 .457 .0355 34.6 2169 4320 

1983 1859 .232 20.1 15.1 20.6 17.2 3946 125.0 298 143 12.9 115 .482 .0364 34.0 2154 4274 

1984 2316 .217 20.3 15.3 20.9 17.4 3913 122.3 300 144 12.8 116 .483 .0371 34.1 2130 4202 

1985 2229 .207 21.7 16.3 22.4 18.6 3895 122.8 296 151 12.4 118 .509 .0389 36.2 2284 4471 

1986 1651 .150 22.5 16.7 23.4 19.2 3813 120.2 299 152 12.0 120 .511 .0403 36.6 2315 4440 

1987 1387 .129 22.2 16.4 22.9 18.9 3846 120.2 299 155 12.0 120 .520 .0407 36.3 2278 4406 

1988 1247 .116 22.6 16.5 23.4 19.2 3854 121.5 301 164 11.6 123 .544 .0430 37.0 2338 4540 

1989 1070 .107 22.7 16.5 23.6 19.2 3831 121.5 300 160 11.6 122 .535 .0423 36.9 2342 4523 

1990 812 .092 22.3 16.1 23.3 18.9 3947 121.4 294 173 11.3 125 .597 .0441 37.3 2299 4568 

1991 905 .106 22.8 16.3 23.7 19.2 3947 122.0 298 198 10.0 134 .669 .0504 37.9 2351 4672 

1992 951 .117 22.9 16.3 23.8 19.3 4006 124.1 295 208 9.8 136 .714 .0523 38.7 2406 4847 

1993 791 .094 22.8 16.0 23.8 19.1 4010 123.8 296 215 9.6 139 .736 .0542 38.4 2382 4805 

1994 933 .111 22.9 16.1 23.7 19.2 3989 121.2 292 225 9.2 142 .776 .0566 38.3 2330 4678 

1995 1013 .108 22.9 15.9 23.8 19.1 4005 120.3 289 230 9.0 143 .803 .0575 38.3 2307 4642 

1996 775 .098 23.3 16.1 24.1 19.4 4018 122.9 289 241 8.7 147 .841 .0602 39.0 2385 4816 

1997 780 .094 23.2 16.0 23.7 19.3 4001 122.2 279 247 8.5 149 .891 .0620 38.6 2356 4719 

1998 672 .084 23.1 15.9 23.3 19.1 3971 117.6 280 256 8.2 153 .918 .0647 38.0 2251 4486 

1999 666 .079 23.2 15.8 23.5 19.2 3968 119.0 283 251 8.4 151 .890 .0635 38.0 2284 4550 

2000 743 .081 23.3 15.8 23.4 19.2 3986 117.5 281 277 7.7 159 .989 .0697 38.3 2264 4531 

2001 674 .080 23.4 15.8 23.5 19.2 3994 116.6 279 261 8.2 154 .939 .0657 38.4 2245 4507 

2002 618 .074 23.5 15.8 23.1 19.2 4002 109.3 281 270 8.0 157 .964 .0680 38.4 2104 4232 

2003 655 .082 23.1 15.5 22.8 18.9 4178 107.7 281 276 8.1 156 .985 .0669 39.5 2058 4335 

2004 555 .074 23.2 15.3 23.0 18.9 4181 113.3 282 277 8.2 157 .984 .0671 39.6 2151 4552 

2005 574 .072 23.2 15.4 22.7 18.8 4226 112.7 294 297 7.8 163 1.011 .0713 39.9 2132 4558 

2006 715 .088 22.7 15.0 22.5 18.5 4253 116.1 300 301 7.7 163 1.004 .0717 39.4 2153 4621 

2007 837 .110 22.7 15.0 22.6 18.5 4289 115.9 310 316 7.5 167 1.021 .0744 39.8 2152 4645 

Percent Of Eight-Cylinder Cars: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 1.7 1.6 .7 

1976 2.0 1.2 1.4 

1977 1.8 1.0 1.1 

1978 2.1 1.2 9.5 1.9 .6 

1979 3.7 1.4 12.9 2.2 2.6 

1980 7.6 .8 40.5 1.4 3.0 9.8 

1981 8.8 1.1 80.4 .8 13.0 16.8 

1982 5.5 3.9 90.8 1.3 9.1 11.7 

1983 9.6 3.5 95.5 1.0 34.4 2.2 

1984 9.3 3.2 95.8 5.2 32.5 .7 

1985 18.2 2.5 96.0 5.1 42.4 .1 

1986 12.2 4.3 93.2 36.2 12.2 99.8 .2 

1987 14.2 4.4 92.4 42.0 13.9 99.8 .2 

1988 16.4 6.2 91.5 56.4 19.8 99.8 .2 

1989 21.2 7.2 90.3 54.0 36.9 99.8 .2 

1990 28.4 6.7 91.4 85.9 10.1 92.2 7.8 6.6 

1991 20.5 .1 5.1 92.7 70.9 29.1 92.6 7.4 6.4 

1992 21.9 .0 3.7 94.3 78.6 21.4 91.6 8.4 8.9 

1993 23.2 .0 5.3 92.8 84.7 15.3 83.4 16.6 7.3 

1994 19.3 .0 6.1 92.3 100.0 78.1 21.9 7.2 

1995 24.1 6.5 91.4 100.0 73.5 26.4 .1 6.8 

1996 27.9 6.7 93.3 100.0 63.8 36.2 .0 5.4 

1997 28.3 .3 5.2 94.8 100.0 55.3 44.6 .1 12.8 

1998 32.5 .3 7.2 92.8 100.0 47.4 .8 51.8 .1 15.4 

1999 31.4 .3 7.8 92.1 100.0 55.3 3.6 40.9 .2 8.5 

2000 22.0 .8 8.2 91.8 100.0 51.3 4.9 42.9 .9 11.3 

2001 24.1 1.4 9.3 90.7 100.0 46.5 8.4 44.0 1.1 15.3 

2002 23.7 1.0 10.9 89.1 100.0 39.9 8.0 51.5 .6 17.3 

2003 15.5 5.8 9.7 90.3 100.0 48.5 12.9 38.0 .7 13.7 

2004 15.0 4.8 10.2 89.8 100.0 46.8 9.2 40.7 3.3 21.1 

2005 11.2 5.7 10.5 89.3 100.0 47.3 16.9 33.2 2.6 30.4 

2006 16.4 4.2 7.4 92.3 100.0 52.7 18.8 26.9 1.4 27.0 

2007 16.0 6.7 9.6 90.2 100.0 56.2 9.8 33.6 .4 27.1 

Table J-8 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Four-Cylinder Vans 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-7 Appendix J 
 55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 2 .004 20.6 16.2 19.6 17.5 3498 118 78 19.1 96 .656 .0224 30.7 

1976 1 .003 19.9 15.1 20.1 17.0 3500 120 67 20.9 92 .558 .0191 29.8 

1977 2 .004 22.2 17.2 21.5 18.9 3500 120 67 20.8 92 .558 .0191 33.1 

1978 3 .004 20.0 15.7 19.1 17.0 3500 120 67 20.9 92 .558 .0191 29.8 

1979 8 .018 18.7 14.8 17.6 16.0 3500 120 67 20.9 92 .558 .0191 28.0 

1980 16 .065 19.0 14.7 18.6 16.2 3618 120 67 21.4 91 .558 .0186 29.4 

1981 11 .046 18.5 14.6 17.4 15.8 3644 120 67 21.6 91 .558 .0185 28.7 

1982 15 .048 21.7 17.7 19.4 18.4 3668 111 61 23.4 89 .550 .0168 35.6 

1983 14 .037 19.7 15.6 18.4 16.8 3567 118 69 20.9 92 .583 .0194 30.3 

1984 217 .321 24.7 19.7 22.8 21.0 3380 136 94 15.8 103 .694 .0281 35.7 

1985 341 .399 24.0 19.2 22.1 20.4 3409 142 97 15.5 104 .690 .0287 34.9 

1986 354 .339 24.7 19.6 22.9 20.9 3425 146 99 15.4 104 .681 .0290 36.0 

1987 268 .241 24.6 19.3 22.7 20.7 3401 143 100 15.2 105 .702 .0296 35.4 

1988 143 .127 25.3 19.8 23.2 21.3 3464 145 98 15.7 103 .678 .0283 37.0 

1989 224 .176 24.7 19.2 22.6 20.7 3505 149 110 14.7 107 .743 .0316 36.3 

1990 101 .080 25.5 19.5 23.6 21.3 3544 149 109 15.0 107 .736 .0310 37.8 

1991 146 .141 23.9 18.2 22.2 19.9 3791 148 120 14.5 109 .814 .0316 37.8 

1992 141 .116 25.0 18.8 23.2 20.7 3588 145 117 14.1 109 .812 .0325 37.2 

1993 92 .064 24.6 18.3 23.1 20.4 3638 147 118 14.2 109 .809 .0324 37.2 

1994 66 .046 24.7 18.3 23.0 20.4 3604 149 116 14.4 109 .782 .0322 36.8 

1995 87 .053 25.1 18.6 22.9 20.6 3621 143 130 13.2 114 .921 .0360 37.2 

1996 66 .047 24.8 18.2 22.9 20.3 3817 142 149 12.1 118 1.050 .0392 38.9 

1997 66 .053 24.9 18.1 22.9 20.3 3831 142 144 12.5 116 1.008 .0375 39.0 

1998 139 .094 25.2 17.8 24.0 20.6 3941 165 173 11.1 125 1.047 .0439 40.7 

1999 132 .090 24.8 17.4 23.5 20.2 3999 166 171 11.4 124 1.027 .0428 40.4 

2000 62 .037 26.0 18.2 24.4 21.1 4000 148 150 12.5 117 1.014 .0375 42.1 

2001 29 .023 25.4 18.0 22.9 20.4 4000 148 150 12.5 117 1.014 .0375 40.8 

2002 38 .031 25.6 17.6 24.2 20.7 4000 148 150 12.5 117 1.014 .0375 41.4 

2003 20 .017 26.9 18.4 25.1 21.6 4000 148 150 12.5 117 1.014 .0375 43.2 

2004 6 .006 25.9 17.5 24.2 20.8 4000 148 150 12.5 117 1.014 .0375 41.5 

2005 20 .014 25.9 17.4 24.1 20.7 4000 148 150 12.5 117 1.014 .0375 41.4 

2006 16 .014 25.9 17.4 24.1 20.7 4000 148 150 12.5 117 1.014 .0375 41.4 

2007 9 .010 25.9 17.4 24.1 20.7 4000 148 150 12.5 117 1.014 .0375 41.4 

Percent Of Four-Cylinder Vans: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 43.3 61.1 

1976 84.8 100.0 

1977 89.9 100.0 

1978 85.0 100.0 

1979 81.2 100.0 

1980 82.9 100.0 

1981 81.2 100.0 

1982 89.0 61.7 38.3 

1983 4.2 76.9 93.6 6.4 

1984 69.5 30.2 19.1 20.7 9.8 .9 

1985 76.0 .9 19.9 15.3 15.8 7.4 

1986 72.0 3.8 17.8 19.9 21.8 2.4 

1987 59.8 8.0 19.9 32.5 31.1 10.3 

1988 67.7 6.2 18.1 27.8 31.6 68.4 

1989 83.9 3.4 9.6 14.2 46.0 54.0 

1990 80.2 6.9 14.1 70.3 44.7 55.3 

1991 34.0 11.2 7.5 90.6 70.4 29.6 

1992 61.9 9.4 11.9 88.1 62.0 38.0 

1993 59.8 4.7 9.8 90.2 53.1 46.9 

1994 66.7 10.1 7.8 92.2 44.2 55.8 62.9 7.4 29.8 

1995 71.1 10.6 1.3 98.7 67.4 32.6 32.6 67.4 

1996 87.7 1.8 .1 99.9 100.0 100.0 

1997 92.7 2.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

1998 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

1999 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 52.7 

2000 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2001 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2002 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2003 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2004 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2005 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2006 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2007 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Table J-9 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Five-Cylinder Vans 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-8 Appendix J 
1993 11 .007 21.0 16.0 19.0 17.4 4157 150 109 16.6 103 .727 .0263 36.1 

1994 0 .000 20.1 15.1 18.6 16.6 4260 150 109 16.8 102 .727 .0257 35.4 

1995 2 .001 19.6 14.8 17.5 16.1 5000 150 109 19.1 98 .727 .0218 40.2 

Percent Of Five-Cylinder Vans: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1993 100.0 35.7 64.3 100.0 

1994 100.0 48.0 52.0 100.0 100.0 

1995 100.0 43.8 56.2 100.0 100.0 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-9 Appendix J 
Table J-10 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Six-Cylinder Vans 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 117 .256 16.3 13.0 14.9 13.8 3967 271 102 16.9 101 .380 .0257 27.8 

1976 128 .255 17.4 14.1 15.6 14.7 4023 271 102 17.1 101 .380 .0253 29.9 

1977 107 .208 18.0 14.7 16.1 15.3 4039 278 113 15.9 105 .408 .0280 30.9 

1978 152 .244 17.2 14.1 15.3 14.6 4086 280 119 15.3 106 .430 .0293 30.0 

1979 96 .200 16.6 13.6 14.7 14.1 4233 263 121 15.5 106 .465 .0287 30.1 

1980 114 .473 18.4 14.7 16.9 15.6 4182 266 118 15.6 105 .449 .0284 32.7 

1981 119 .488 18.7 15.0 17.1 15.9 4191 268 117 15.9 105 .438 .0279 33.3 

1982 121 .389 18.7 15.0 17.3 15.9 4181 266 111 16.5 103 .419 .0266 33.4 

1983 117 .307 18.9 15.1 17.4 16.1 4206 265 110 16.7 103 .418 .0263 33.9 

1984 144 .214 18.6 14.7 17.4 15.8 4118 272 112 16.2 104 .413 .0273 32.8 

1985 182 .213 20.6 16.2 19.6 17.6 4002 269 136 13.8 113 .509 .0343 35.4 

1986 391 .374 20.9 16.1 20.1 17.7 4049 237 132 14.2 111 .574 .0327 36.0 

1987 566 .509 21.8 16.8 21.0 18.5 3930 219 149 12.5 117 .703 .0381 36.4 

1988 735 .649 22.2 16.8 21.6 18.8 3940 213 149 12.5 117 .722 .0380 37.0 

1989 777 .608 22.1 16.7 21.4 18.6 3992 212 146 12.8 116 .713 .0367 37.3 

1990 935 .741 22.2 16.6 21.4 18.6 4011 208 144 13.0 115 .705 .0360 37.4 

1991 742 .718 22.0 16.5 21.1 18.4 4084 212 147 13.0 115 .706 .0360 37.8 

1992 902 .739 22.1 16.4 21.2 18.5 4118 213 149 13.0 116 .711 .0362 38.1 

1993 1174 .815 22.5 16.5 21.7 18.7 4047 208 152 12.6 117 .742 .0377 37.8 

1994 1160 .818 22.2 16.2 21.2 18.4 4085 213 154 12.5 118 .734 .0378 37.7 

1995 1375 .828 22.5 16.2 21.7 18.6 4050 221 155 12.4 118 .711 .0384 37.7 

1996 1230 .873 22.7 16.2 21.9 18.7 4148 214 167 11.9 121 .788 .0405 38.9 

1997 1069 .845 22.5 16.0 21.6 18.5 4178 213 169 11.9 122 .800 .0406 38.8 

1998 1250 .839 23.0 16.2 22.2 18.9 4136 214 177 11.4 125 .826 .0428 39.1 

1999 1200 .820 22.7 15.8 21.9 18.6 4254 218 178 11.5 124 .822 .0420 39.6 

2000 1523 .900 23.1 16.1 22.2 18.9 4234 212 180 11.4 125 .860 .0427 40.0 

2001 961 .780 23.6 16.3 22.5 19.2 4310 210 191 11.0 128 .920 .0446 41.5 

2002 1140 .917 23.4 16.1 22.2 19.0 4368 214 199 10.8 129 .936 .0456 41.6 

2003 1148 .932 23.8 16.2 22.6 19.2 4345 215 199 10.7 130 .933 .0459 41.9 

2004 907 .951 23.9 16.1 23.0 19.4 4447 215 212 10.4 133 .994 .0478 43.2 

2005 1425 .963 24.1 16.1 22.9 19.4 4413 214 208 10.5 132 .979 .0473 42.9 

2006 1100 .958 24.5 16.4 23.4 19.8 4430 214 211 10.4 132 .992 .0476 43.8 

2007 930 .973 24.7 16.5 23.5 19.9 4415 216 224 10.0 136 1.039 .0506 43.9 

Percent Of Six-Cylinder Vans: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 16.8 

1976 21.7 

1977 15.5 

1978 14.0 

1979 43.1 9.2 

1980 40.3 33.0 

1981 34.6 35.1 

1982 27.5 38.3 

1983 26.6 40.8 

1984 22.2 44.4 

1985 8.4 71.0 

1986 6.3 76.7 19.1 41.2 .5 

1987 25.9 3.5 86.7 63.4 33.6 

1988 42.7 2.2 90.7 70.2 29.8 

1989 32.2 .2 2.1 91.8 71.0 29.0 

1990 54.4 8.1 .6 96.0 66.6 33.4 

1991 46.5 13.0 .4 97.4 68.2 31.8 

1992 51.7 6.0 .3 98.1 76.9 23.1 

1993 55.5 5.2 .3 97.9 84.9 15.1 

1994 60.1 7.3 .1 98.3 85.9 14.1 97.8 2.2 

1995 69.4 10.3 98.6 94.6 5.4 98.8 1.2 

1996 79.8 2.6 98.7 100.0 98.8 1.2 

1997 70.9 5.4 100.0 100.0 98.8 1.2 

1998 82.2 3.9 100.0 100.0 98.8 1.2 

1999 81.7 3.3 100.0 100.0 95.8 4.2 4.2 

2000 85.5 3.0 100.0 100.0 80.0 20.0 16.7 

2001 85.9 3.2 100.0 100.0 74.1 25.9 21.8 

2002 88.6 3.3 100.0 100.0 72.4 27.6 22.7 

2003 87.9 4.8 100.0 100.0 74.1 25.9 21.0 

2004 90.4 4.7 100.0 100.0 45.7 54.3 48.5 

2005 91.2 5.4 94.7 5.3 100.0 62.0 38.0 26.0 

2006 92.2 5.5 94.0 6.0 100.0 50.6 49.4 39.0 

2007 93.9 4.8 95.3 4.7 100.0 48.5 51.5 47.6 

Table J-11 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Eight-Cylinder Vans 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-10 Appendix J 
MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 338 .741 12.2 9.9 11.1 10.4 4278 334 158 12.8 117 .470 .0370 22.5 

1976 372 .742 12.9 10.3 12.0 11.0 4263 342 161 12.5 119 .470 .0380 23.6 

1977 405 .788 14.0 11.4 12.7 11.9 4312 347 163 12.5 119 .471 .0380 25.8 

1978 470 .752 13.5 11.0 12.0 11.4 4307 346 159 12.7 117 .460 .0371 24.8 

1979 376 .782 12.9 10.5 11.4 10.9 4643 342 152 14.2 113 .445 .0328 25.6 

1980 111 .462 14.9 11.9 13.7 12.7 4630 334 152 14.0 113 .456 .0330 29.4 

1981 114 .466 16.3 13.0 15.0 13.8 4530 316 148 14.0 112 .469 .0328 31.5 

1982 175 .563 16.2 13.0 14.8 13.8 4511 316 153 13.6 114 .486 .0340 31.3 

1983 251 .656 17.1 13.6 16.0 14.6 4560 318 152 13.9 113 .481 .0335 33.9 

1984 315 .465 16.4 13.0 15.5 14.0 4534 317 154 13.7 114 .487 .0341 32.2 

1985 332 .389 15.9 12.6 14.7 13.5 4542 314 157 13.4 115 .501 .0348 30.9 

1986 300 .287 16.9 13.4 15.8 14.4 4607 312 155 13.7 114 .497 .0338 33.2 

1987 279 .251 16.9 13.1 16.0 14.3 4603 319 167 13.1 118 .521 .0363 33.0 

1988 255 .225 17.2 13.2 16.4 14.6 4708 322 168 13.2 117 .520 .0359 34.4 

1989 276 .216 17.0 12.9 16.3 14.3 4689 326 174 12.9 119 .533 .0374 33.8 

1990 226 .179 17.1 12.9 16.4 14.4 4692 332 186 12.2 123 .560 .0400 33.8 

1991 145 .141 17.1 12.7 16.5 14.3 4724 331 186 12.2 123 .560 .0397 33.9 

1992 178 .146 17.0 12.7 16.3 14.2 4769 332 196 11.8 125 .590 .0416 34.0 

1993 164 .114 17.5 12.8 16.9 14.6 4784 334 202 11.4 127 .606 .0425 34.9 

1994 191 .135 17.2 12.6 16.6 14.4 4777 331 207 11.2 128 .626 .0437 34.3 

1995 197 .119 17.4 12.7 16.7 14.5 4734 336 199 11.5 126 .594 .0423 34.3 

1996 113 .080 17.2 12.4 16.6 14.3 4930 332 219 11.0 130 .660 .0447 35.3 

1997 130 .103 18.0 12.9 17.3 14.9 4965 322 228 10.7 132 .709 .0460 37.1 

1998 100 .067 17.9 12.7 17.3 14.8 5109 322 231 10.8 132 .720 .0454 37.8 

1999 131 .090 17.8 12.5 17.1 14.6 5101 322 233 10.7 133 .726 .0458 37.3 

2000 107 .063 17.7 12.5 16.9 14.5 5027 322 237 10.5 134 .738 .0473 36.6 

2001 243 .197 17.6 12.3 16.9 14.4 5406 313 248 10.7 134 .795 .0460 39.0 

2002 64 .052 17.4 12.3 16.1 14.2 5080 321 241 10.4 135 .753 .0476 36.2 

2003 64 .052 18.3 12.9 16.7 14.8 5399 319 261 10.2 138 .819 .0484 40.0 

2004 40 .042 19.1 13.3 17.5 15.4 5446 307 259 10.4 137 .843 .0476 42.0 

2005 35 .024 19.0 13.2 17.4 15.3 5366 303 256 10.4 137 .844 .0478 41.0 

2006 32 .028 18.9 13.1 17.1 15.2 5301 302 252 10.4 136 .834 .0476 40.2 

2007 17 .017 18.7 13.0 17.1 15.1 5827 325 295 9.8 143 .908 .0508 43.9 

Percent Of Eight-Cylinder Vans: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 25.5 

1976 19.9 

1977 13.6 

1978 12.3 

1979 6.1 6.3 

1980 3.3 50.6 

1981 .7 2.8 63.3 

1982 1.4 54.9 

1983 1.6 71.3 6.5 

1984 2.2 64.4 2.0 

1985 .1 .7 67.4 .1 .8 

1986 .1 .4 85.7 25.5 .1 .6 

1987 .2 62.6 24.4 42.5 .3 

1988 .1 72.5 32.8 65.7 .5 

1989 .1 84.1 31.5 68.1 .3 

1990 93.5 28.8 70.8 .4 

1991 98.0 31.7 67.8 .5 

1992 94.5 53.9 45.7 .4 

1993 .3 97.8 50.5 49.5 

1994 94.1 65.7 34.3 100.0 

1995 96.1 45.7 54.3 100.0 

1996 94.2 100.0 100.0 

1997 95.8 100.0 100.0 

1998 100.0 100.0 100.0 

1999 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2000 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2001 31.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2002 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2003 11.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2004 10.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2005 11.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2006 12.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2007 18.5 100.0 100.0 100.0 

Table J-12 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Other Cylinder SUVs 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-11 Appendix J 
MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

2002 0 .000 34.1 35.1 25.0 28.7 3500 122 148 11.4 121 1.213 .0423 50.3 

2003 0 .000 40.9 34.8 26.3 29.5 3500 122 148 11.4 121 1.213 .0423 51.6 

2004 1 .000 22.8 15.4 21.8 18.4 6000 300 310 9.7 145 1.033 .0517 55.3 

2006 1 .000 21.7 14.8 20.0 17.4 6000 300 310 9.6 145 1.033 .0517 52.2 

2007 0 .000 21.7 14.8 20.0 17.4 6000 300 310 7.2 145 1.033 .0517 52.2 

Percent Of Other Cylinder SUVs: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

2002 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2003 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2004 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2006 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2007 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-12 Appendix J 
Table J-13 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Four-Cylinder SUVs 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 6 .034 12.0 9.0 12.2 10.2 4000 257 110 15.7 104 .428 .0275 20.5 

1979 14 .034 19.0 15.8 16.4 16.1 3032 136 76 17.1 99 .600 .0259 24.2 

1980 19 .102 22.8 18.9 19.8 19.3 2893 137 81 15.8 101 .624 .0278 27.9 

1981 13 .098 24.4 20.2 21.3 20.7 2941 145 81 15.7 101 .573 .0276 30.5 

1982 18 .110 24.0 20.6 19.8 20.3 2557 136 78 15.0 102 .589 .0303 25.9 

1983 23 .080 23.7 20.2 19.9 20.0 2647 130 80 15.1 103 .634 .0303 26.6 

1984 71 .113 23.6 19.1 21.3 20.0 3118 139 89 15.6 102 .644 .0285 31.3 

1985 93 .127 24.3 19.5 22.2 20.6 3325 139 94 15.7 103 .680 .0282 34.4 

1986 191 .248 25.2 20.0 23.1 21.3 3355 131 97 15.2 104 .745 .0291 35.8 

1987 207 .237 25.2 20.0 22.9 21.3 3130 127 95 14.7 104 .755 .0303 33.2 

1988 191 .197 25.0 19.9 22.5 21.0 3123 122 94 14.8 104 .773 .0298 32.6 

1989 123 .133 24.0 18.9 21.5 20.0 3226 131 103 14.0 107 .790 .0322 32.3 

1990 115 .162 25.0 19.7 22.1 20.8 3100 124 99 14.1 107 .808 .0321 32.3 

1991 129 .118 24.0 19.1 20.6 19.8 3228 128 97 14.9 105 .775 .0302 32.1 

1992 113 .113 24.4 19.3 21.0 20.1 3035 125 101 13.8 108 .814 .0333 30.8 

1993 123 .094 24.3 19.1 20.7 19.9 3058 126 103 13.7 108 .822 .0337 30.7 

1994 175 .108 24.9 19.3 21.5 20.4 3032 121 103 13.7 108 .848 .0339 31.0 

1995 195 .108 24.9 19.1 21.4 20.2 3005 126 108 13.0 111 .869 .0362 30.6 

1996 150 .080 27.5 20.6 24.3 22.3 3028 115 111 12.7 112 .974 .0368 33.8 

1997 390 .159 25.8 19.1 22.7 20.9 3289 133 126 12.3 115 .957 .0385 34.4 

1998 343 .133 26.3 19.3 23.2 21.2 3391 128 129 12.4 115 1.011 .0382 36.1 

1999 353 .125 26.6 19.5 23.3 21.3 3443 129 138 11.9 118 1.075 .0402 36.9 

2000 354 .113 26.2 19.1 22.8 20.9 3467 127 137 12.0 118 1.084 .0397 36.5 

2001 505 .146 26.4 19.1 22.9 21.0 3461 132 144 11.6 120 1.102 .0418 36.6 

2002 469 .112 27.4 19.4 24.1 21.8 3477 137 150 11.2 122 1.102 .0433 38.1 

2003 576 .140 27.4 19.2 24.3 21.8 3539 140 152 11.3 122 1.085 .0431 38.6 

2004 497 .105 27.6 19.2 24.4 21.8 3562 145 158 11.0 124 1.091 .0448 38.9 

2005 525 .129 28.3 19.6 24.6 22.2 3551 143 157 10.9 124 1.101 .0446 39.5 

2006 520 .142 28.7 19.9 25.0 22.5 3633 142 155 11.3 122 1.087 .0428 41.0 

2007 674 .157 29.0 20.0 25.4 22.7 3715 142 163 11.0 124 1.146 .0441 42.4 

Percent Of Four-Cylinder SUVs: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 100.0 

1979 32.5 32.5 

1980 99.9 100.0 

1981 100.0 98.0 

1982 38.4 38.4 

1983 41.0 44.3 1.3 

1984 94.3 69.3 25.3 

1985 91.2 69.4 29.6 20.7 12.1 1.3 

1986 95.6 86.3 13.2 18.9 21.6 2.7 

1987 96.8 85.0 7.7 18.1 19.7 .1 

1988 97.8 83.3 12.8 40.1 6.8 

1989 95.6 72.5 27.5 42.1 49.8 

1990 90.9 83.1 15.9 36.0 61.1 

1991 60.2 63.3 36.4 36.0 62.6 

1992 50.9 67.2 32.8 42.8 54.5 

1993 54.2 63.7 36.3 50.0 47.3 

1994 1.3 56.0 60.5 25.1 61.2 38.8 89.9 10.1 

1995 .2 80.3 72.4 27.6 79.5 20.5 97.3 2.7 

1996 12.0 59.7 45.4 54.6 100.0 8.8 91.2 

1997 7.8 65.6 43.1 51.3 100.0 18.2 81.8 

1998 13.7 69.6 33.2 66.8 100.0 10.4 89.6 

1999 14.9 69.8 27.2 72.8 100.0 16.9 83.1 

2000 13.5 66.2 21.7 78.3 100.0 21.2 78.8 

2001 20.5 58.6 17.2 82.8 100.0 25.3 74.7 19.8 

2002 31.3 60.5 17.2 82.3 .5 100.0 13.5 86.5 54.4 

2003 38.0 60.1 13.1 79.8 7.0 100.0 8.3 91.7 55.5 

2004 38.3 59.6 13.7 82.8 3.5 100.0 100.0 67.9 

2005 44.2 55.6 10.7 86.9 2.4 98.4 1.6 100.0 58.1 2.0 

2006 43.6 56.4 7.1 88.7 4.1 98.7 1.3 100.0 64.5 4.1 

2007 51.2 48.8 6.3 83.1 10.7 100.0 100.0 78.5 3.8 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-13 Appendix J 
Table J-14 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Five-Cylinder SUVs 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

2003 4 .001 23.3 15.9 22.1 18.9 4885 154 207 11.4 127 1.344 .0425 46.1 

2004 55 .012 24.0 16.3 22.6 19.3 4365 183 232 9.6 140 1.279 .0540 42.0 

2005 40 .010 23.2 15.8 21.4 18.6 4486 175 225 10.0 137 1.298 .0511 41.6 

2006 87 .024 20.6 14.5 18.1 16.4 4967 201 218 11.1 129 1.096 .0439 40.7 

2007 49 .011 19.5 13.6 17.6 15.6 5000 223 245 10.1 137 1.099 .0490 39.0 

Percent Of Five-Cylinder SUVs: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

2003 9.3 90.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2004 17.3 82.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 49.6 

2005 21.0 79.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2006 8.2 91.8 3.3 96.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2007 .0 100.0 15.4 84.6 100.0 100.0 .0 100.0 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-14 Appendix J 
Table J-15 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Six-Cylinder SUVs 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 12 .062 17.8 14.7 15.5 15.1 3152 237 95 14.7 105 .399 .0307 23.6 

1976 45 .184 15.7 12.7 14.3 13.4 3255 253 101 14.3 106 .400 .0318 22.1 

1977 49 .174 16.7 13.4 15.2 14.2 3323 253 105 14.1 107 .413 .0320 23.8 

1978 60 .157 16.4 13.1 15.1 13.9 3217 255 104 13.8 107 .407 .0327 22.5 

1979 63 .158 16.9 13.9 14.8 14.3 3211 257 120 12.4 114 .466 .0379 23.0 

1980 54 .293 17.8 14.4 16.0 15.1 3590 258 100 15.5 104 .393 .0285 27.2 

1981 44 .327 18.5 14.8 17.2 15.8 3564 266 113 14.0 109 .428 .0327 28.0 

1982 41 .256 18.9 14.9 17.9 16.1 3601 264 112 14.3 108 .426 .0318 29.1 

1983 150 .518 21.3 16.5 20.8 18.2 3728 206 112 14.8 107 .563 .0305 34.2 

1984 368 .589 21.3 16.6 20.5 18.1 3677 188 108 15.1 106 .590 .0298 33.6 

1985 444 .604 21.6 16.5 21.5 18.4 3736 178 109 15.2 105 .617 .0293 34.6 

1986 388 .501 20.8 16.1 19.9 17.6 3670 182 126 13.4 112 .701 .0345 32.4 

1987 491 .562 21.3 16.2 20.8 18.0 3694 198 138 12.7 116 .709 .0377 33.4 

1988 582 .602 21.1 16.0 20.5 17.8 3681 211 147 12.0 119 .706 .0402 32.9 

1989 595 .643 21.1 16.0 20.1 17.7 3770 231 155 11.7 121 .680 .0413 33.6 

1990 423 .597 20.5 15.5 19.6 17.2 3813 219 154 11.9 120 .716 .0408 32.9 

1991 875 .799 20.4 15.2 19.6 17.1 4067 233 163 11.9 121 .704 .0404 34.9 

1992 793 .791 19.9 14.8 19.1 16.6 4071 230 170 11.6 123 .743 .0424 34.0 

1993 950 .725 20.3 15.0 19.5 16.9 4083 234 181 11.0 127 .777 .0448 34.6 

1994 1152 .710 19.9 14.7 19.0 16.6 4185 230 180 11.3 125 .785 .0434 34.8 

1995 1242 .684 19.8 14.5 18.8 16.4 4205 230 177 11.5 124 .777 .0426 34.7 

1996 1285 .680 20.4 14.7 19.5 16.9 4189 241 180 11.3 125 .751 .0434 35.4 

1997 1331 .543 20.3 14.7 19.1 16.7 4219 237 180 11.3 125 .770 .0431 35.3 

1998 1499 .581 20.6 14.8 19.4 16.9 4190 237 182 11.2 126 .778 .0438 35.5 

1999 1600 .565 20.8 14.9 19.2 16.9 4206 231 190 10.8 128 .837 .0454 35.6 

2000 1751 .557 20.8 14.8 19.2 16.9 4183 229 187 10.9 128 .829 .0450 35.4 

2001 2072 .601 21.3 15.1 19.7 17.3 4178 219 200 10.4 132 .930 .0481 36.2 

2002 2611 .623 20.9 14.7 19.4 16.9 4300 222 213 10.1 135 .972 .0497 36.5 

2003 2228 .541 21.5 14.9 19.9 17.3 4320 220 221 9.8 137 1.012 .0513 37.5 

2004 2655 .563 21.8 15.0 20.4 17.6 4344 223 224 9.8 137 1.010 .0516 38.3 

2005 2457 .602 22.1 15.1 20.4 17.7 4364 217 226 9.7 138 1.046 .0519 38.7 

2006 2304 .629 22.5 15.4 20.8 18.1 4383 218 225 9.7 137 1.037 .0515 39.9 

2007 2431 .565 23.1 15.8 21.2 18.5 4392 216 233 9.5 140 1.081 .0531 40.9 

Percent Of Six-Cylinder SUVs: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 79.8 69.6 

1976 73.8 75.9 

1977 63.0 83.8 

1978 70.2 84.1 

1979 92.9 86.0 .3 1.2 

1980 98.0 83.0 3.9 8.0 

1981 98.2 78.4 21.6 

1982 95.9 77.6 22.4 

1983 86.7 51.3 46.2 

1984 86.1 33.3 43.1 

1985 82.1 30.1 68.6 

1986 86.9 30.0 68.2 28.4 40.6 

1987 82.1 28.6 69.2 45.2 46.9 

1988 82.0 27.3 71.0 56.0 38.7 

1989 82.2 24.6 71.9 51.6 42.4 

1990 86.4 26.3 72.0 72.9 20.8 

1991 79.6 17.9 81.3 66.1 33.9 

1992 75.2 18.6 80.6 82.5 17.5 

1993 63.3 13.9 85.3 99.4 .6 

1994 .6 77.9 13.7 86.3 99.6 .4 83.2 6.0 10.7 

1995 77.9 10.6 89.4 100.0 77.6 22.4 

1996 69.7 5.4 94.6 100.0 86.5 13.5 

1997 71.2 8.8 91.2 100.0 79.2 20.8 

1998 69.3 6.4 93.6 100.0 80.5 2.6 16.9 

1999 1.4 68.6 5.2 94.8 100.0 70.6 2.2 27.2 5.7 

2000 1.8 65.9 4.7 95.3 100.0 74.3 2.0 23.6 5.1 

2001 18.0 57.4 2.9 97.1 100.0 57.6 1.5 41.0 16.7 

2002 9.5 64.1 3.0 96.9 100.0 43.8 1.2 55.1 28.4 

2003 11.4 65.3 2.0 95.5 2.5 100.0 34.8 1.2 64.0 42.4 

2004 14.3 65.5 2.3 95.3 2.4 100.0 37.3 .6 62.1 45.9 

2005 18.6 65.3 1.9 95.1 2.9 100.0 30.3 .6 69.1 48.8 

2006 21.8 58.8 2.0 91.1 6.8 100.0 26.7 1.1 72.3 52.1 3.5 

2007 23.0 63.5 3.1 90.0 6.9 99.5 .5 27.3 72.7 51.9 3.0 

Table J-16 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Eight-Cylinder SUVs 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-15 Appendix J 
MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 169 .905 12.8 10.5 11.4 10.9 4281 337 151 13.2 116 .445 .0363 23.1 

1976 199 .816 13.4 10.8 12.2 11.4 4551 354 149 14.0 113 .421 .0334 25.8 

1977 234 .826 14.8 11.9 13.4 12.5 4423 348 152 13.5 115 .435 .0348 27.7 

1978 321 .843 14.1 11.3 12.9 12.0 4465 354 157 13.1 116 .442 .0356 26.7 

1979 323 .808 11.8 9.8 10.3 10.0 4825 353 151 14.7 111 .426 .0314 24.2 

1980 112 .605 13.9 11.1 12.8 11.8 4776 339 154 14.1 112 .453 .0323 28.4 

1981 78 .575 15.2 12.1 14.1 12.9 4790 329 150 14.5 111 .459 .0314 31.2 

1982 103 .634 16.4 13.0 15.4 14.0 4961 333 145 15.3 109 .441 .0296 36.3 

1983 116 .401 16.2 12.8 15.4 13.8 4962 339 148 15.1 110 .442 .0301 35.6 

1984 186 .298 15.4 12.1 14.5 13.1 4971 336 156 14.5 112 .467 .0315 33.5 

1985 198 .269 15.6 12.2 14.9 13.3 4977 335 162 14.1 114 .486 .0327 33.7 

1986 194 .251 16.2 12.5 15.6 13.8 4981 330 159 14.3 113 .484 .0321 34.8 

1987 175 .200 15.9 12.3 15.2 13.5 5090 336 181 13.3 118 .537 .0355 34.8 

1988 194 .201 16.1 12.3 15.3 13.6 5115 338 183 13.2 118 .541 .0357 35.1 

1989 208 .224 16.0 12.2 15.4 13.5 5196 336 186 13.2 119 .551 .0357 35.5 

1990 170 .241 16.2 12.1 15.9 13.6 5257 338 192 12.9 120 .569 .0367 36.1 

1991 91 .083 16.2 12.1 15.8 13.6 5293 339 199 12.6 122 .589 .0377 36.3 

1992 96 .096 15.9 11.7 15.5 13.3 5428 340 201 12.7 121 .591 .0371 36.2 

1993 237 .181 16.9 12.4 16.5 14.1 5019 334 209 11.5 128 .629 .0429 35.3 

1994 295 .182 17.0 12.5 16.2 14.1 5003 334 209 11.5 128 .629 .0431 35.2 

1995 378 .208 17.0 12.4 16.2 14.1 5066 334 206 11.7 126 .621 .0417 35.5 

1996 454 .241 17.5 12.6 16.8 14.5 4965 328 225 10.8 132 .687 .0458 35.9 

1997 729 .298 17.6 12.7 16.9 14.6 5084 323 228 10.9 131 .707 .0452 37.1 

1998 738 .286 17.3 12.3 16.6 14.3 5086 320 225 11.0 131 .707 .0447 36.3 

1999 877 .310 17.4 12.3 16.8 14.4 5138 319 236 10.7 133 .744 .0463 36.9 

2000 1037 .330 17.6 12.5 16.7 14.5 5262 311 243 10.6 134 .783 .0464 38.0 

2001 873 .253 17.7 12.6 16.4 14.4 5380 310 255 10.4 136 .824 .0476 38.8 

2002 1110 .265 18.0 12.6 17.0 14.7 5436 311 271 10.0 140 .871 .0500 40.0 

2003 1309 .318 18.0 12.6 16.8 14.7 5576 311 266 10.4 138 .859 .0480 40.9 

2004 1505 .319 18.1 12.6 16.8 14.7 5507 314 278 10.0 141 .885 .0507 40.3 

2005 1062 .260 18.5 12.7 17.2 14.9 5573 315 288 9.7 143 .917 .0518 41.6 

2006 751 .205 18.8 12.9 17.5 15.2 5467 310 292 9.5 145 .945 .0536 41.5 

2007 1146 .266 19.4 13.1 18.5 15.7 5630 317 308 9.3 148 .971 .0548 44.4 

Percent Of Eight-Cylinder SUVs: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 87.5 37.3 

1976 88.0 24.4 

1977 86.7 25.8 

1978 91.9 25.1 

1979 66.3 23.1 .6 

1980 82.4 14.9 41.4 

1981 84.3 9.9 59.3 

1982 79.9 8.9 57.5 24.1 

1983 80.8 4.7 67.6 16.7 

1984 79.4 6.4 49.3 7.8 

1985 71.7 3.3 55.5 4.5 4.8 

1986 75.2 3.6 72.9 20.0 3.4 

1987 73.9 2.9 69.9 16.7 53.7 1.9 

1988 74.9 2.6 70.9 29.0 60.1 1.5 

1989 76.0 3.0 73.6 32.9 60.0 1.1 

1990 73.0 2.0 86.9 32.8 62.1 1.2 

1991 70.6 1.4 89.7 30.1 64.0 1.8 

1992 73.8 1.3 98.2 30.7 69.3 

1993 47.3 .9 99.1 49.4 50.6 

1994 81.1 1.4 98.6 48.6 51.4 100.0 

1995 82.9 1.2 98.8 41.7 58.3 100.0 

1996 78.6 .8 99.2 99.9 .1 100.0 

1997 75.5 .1 99.9 100.0 .0 100.0 

1998 75.1 100.0 100.0 .0 100.0 

1999 58.7 100.0 100.0 95.2 1.9 2.9 

2000 69.6 100.0 100.0 94.8 5.2 .5 

2001 67.2 100.0 100.0 84.6 1.1 14.2 2.2 

2002 64.4 100.0 100.0 87.8 1.2 11.0 .9 

2003 61.0 100.0 100.0 81.0 .7 18.3 2.8 

2004 65.6 100.0 100.0 71.3 .3 27.2 1.2 14.9 

2005 67.3 100.0 100.0 64.9 11.5 22.9 .7 29.6 

2006 69.3 100.0 100.0 48.9 19.7 31.0 .5 50.0 

2007 56.0 100.0 100.0 60.9 16.3 22.9 37.9 

Table J-17 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Other Cylinder Pickups 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-16 Appendix J 
MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

2004 3 .001 13.0 8.6 13.6 10.8 5135 505 500 5.9 206 .990 .0975 27.8 

2005 5 .002 12.3 8.4 12.1 10.2 5825 505 500 6.5 195 .990 .0860 29.7 

2006 2 .001 12.3 8.4 12.2 10.2 5000 500 500 5.7 209 1.000 .1000 25.6 

Percent Of Other Cylinder Pickups: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

2004 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2005 35.0 65.0 100.0 100.0 

2006 37.7 62.3 100.0 100.0 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-17 Appendix J 
Table J-18 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Two-Cylinder Pickups 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 3 .002 15.5 11.7 15.9 13.2 3000 80 135 10.7 122 1.688 .0450 19.9 

1976 4 .002 16.4 12.4 16.8 14.1 3000 80 135 10.7 122 1.688 .0450 21.1 

1977 2 .001 19.3 14.7 19.4 16.5 3000 80 135 10.7 122 1.688 .0450 24.8 

Percent Of Two-Cylinder Pickups: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 68.2 

1976 81.1 

1977 85.1 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-18 Appendix J 
Table J-19 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Four-Cylinder Pickups 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 214 .159 22.2 17.2 21.6 19.0 2817 116 88 14.7 105 .750 .0314 26.8 

1976 224 .120 23.7 18.4 23.1 20.2 2826 117 89 14.6 105 .757 .0318 28.7 

1977 304 .150 26.4 20.6 25.3 22.5 2819 122 91 14.2 106 .748 .0324 32.0 

1978 339 .150 26.3 21.0 24.3 22.4 2844 120 88 14.7 104 .731 .0310 32.1 

1979 459 .208 23.4 18.4 22.1 19.9 2832 123 84 14.9 103 .692 .0300 28.7 

1980 550 .383 24.6 19.6 22.8 20.9 2818 124 87 14.5 104 .705 .0311 29.9 

1981 497 .346 27.7 22.1 25.7 23.6 2841 130 85 15.1 103 .652 .0298 34.1 

1982 485 .337 27.8 22.1 25.7 23.6 2885 133 87 14.9 104 .657 .0304 34.6 

1983 707 .434 27.6 22.0 25.6 23.5 2921 135 88 14.8 104 .651 .0303 34.7 

1984 795 .389 27.2 21.7 25.2 23.1 2973 134 89 14.9 104 .661 .0300 34.7 

1985 819 .394 27.4 21.9 25.3 23.3 3034 141 97 14.0 107 .693 .0322 35.5 

1986 1256 .496 27.0 21.3 25.1 22.9 3054 139 97 14.2 106 .696 .0318 35.1 

1987 1064 .496 27.1 21.1 25.3 22.9 3050 140 96 14.2 106 .686 .0316 35.0 

1988 913 .371 27.1 21.1 25.1 22.8 3070 142 97 14.2 106 .685 .0317 35.2 

1989 773 .347 26.8 20.8 24.7 22.5 3084 143 102 13.7 108 .710 .0331 34.8 

1990 554 .302 27.1 20.9 24.8 22.6 3096 144 110 13.0 111 .765 .0356 35.1 

1991 632 .329 27.3 20.9 25.0 22.7 3119 145 108 13.2 110 .749 .0349 35.5 

1992 471 .256 27.1 20.5 24.8 22.4 3194 143 110 13.3 110 .767 .0347 35.9 

1993 478 .239 27.3 20.5 24.9 22.5 3210 143 112 13.2 111 .782 .0351 36.2 

1994 706 .265 27.3 20.4 24.9 22.4 3333 141 113 13.4 110 .799 .0342 37.4 

1995 653 .288 26.8 19.8 24.4 21.9 3425 147 124 12.8 113 .848 .0365 37.8 

1996 556 .284 27.0 19.7 24.9 22.1 3420 142 124 12.8 113 .871 .0366 38.0 

1997 465 .193 27.5 20.0 24.9 22.3 3457 140 120 13.2 111 .853 .0349 38.8 

1998 615 .255 27.0 19.5 24.6 21.9 3462 145 127 12.7 114 .877 .0370 38.1 

1999 392 .154 26.5 19.0 24.1 21.4 3451 147 127 12.7 114 .867 .0371 37.2 

2000 437 .167 26.0 18.5 23.6 21.0 3466 145 127 12.7 114 .879 .0368 36.5 

2001 277 .110 25.8 18.4 23.0 20.6 3501 145 132 12.5 115 .906 .0378 36.3 

2002 166 .070 26.3 18.8 23.0 20.9 3525 149 143 11.7 119 .958 .0407 37.1 

2003 289 .117 26.3 18.3 23.7 21.0 3527 142 133 12.5 115 .933 .0377 37.1 

2004 155 .062 26.2 18.3 23.1 20.7 3542 152 147 11.5 120 .972 .0418 36.8 

2005 126 .055 26.0 17.7 23.6 20.7 3740 159 162 11.1 124 1.017 .0434 38.7 

2006 159 .075 25.8 17.5 23.6 20.5 3752 161 162 11.2 124 1.011 .0434 38.6 

2007 124 .061 26.4 18.1 23.7 20.9 3750 163 165 11.0 124 1.009 .0440 39.4 

Percent Of Four-Cylinder Pickups: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 83.5 

1976 81.4 

1977 82.3 

1978 6.9 88.1 

1979 20.5 88.1 

1980 4.8 20.2 89.9 2.7 2.0 

1981 6.7 23.0 93.1 1.8 16.3 

1982 6.6 23.4 90.8 2.3 .7 15.4 

1983 4.3 18.9 86.3 1.4 .2 5.7 

1984 1.5 20.6 88.9 2.5 2.5 4.2 

1985 22.4 84.6 8.8 18.3 10.7 1.7 

1986 19.8 85.9 7.9 14.3 22.6 .7 

1987 17.3 84.5 7.9 11.7 26.8 .3 

1988 15.2 84.9 9.3 27.3 29.7 

1989 15.3 84.9 10.6 34.5 36.6 

1990 13.1 84.9 12.9 69.5 10.5 

1991 12.4 85.3 12.0 67.3 23.0 

1992 13.8 86.8 10.1 77.6 9.8 

1993 14.8 86.8 9.9 87.0 4.2 

1994 12.2 85.2 11.2 96.7 .4 99.8 .2 

1995 15.3 79.9 17.0 97.3 2.7 82.3 17.7 

1996 9.8 76.6 18.6 100.0 64.8 15.9 19.3 

1997 5.9 78.0 22.0 100.0 71.4 28.1 .5 

1998 11.1 66.9 27.1 100.0 64.4 35.6 

1999 10.5 57.4 36.5 100.0 65.4 34.6 

2000 7.9 48.0 47.2 100.0 65.0 35.0 

2001 8.7 48.5 43.8 100.0 46.0 54.0 

2002 12.5 47.9 39.6 100.0 .1 99.9 

2003 10.6 38.8 53.6 100.0 46.3 53.7 

2004 12.4 42.3 42.4 100.0 100.0 12.5 

2005 17.6 43.0 57.0 100.0 100.0 68.4 

2006 14.0 38.9 61.1 100.0 100.0 82.4 

2007 13.2 50.8 49.2 100.0 100.0 98.7 

Table J-20 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Five-Cylinder Pickups 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-19 Appendix J 
MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

2004 95 .038 23.9 16.4 22.0 19.1 4076 211 215 9.5 138 1.019 .0530 39.0 

2005 131 .057 23.2 15.8 21.5 18.6 4141 211 215 9.6 137 1.019 .0521 38.5 

2006 78 .037 23.5 16.0 21.7 18.8 4162 211 215 9.7 137 1.019 .0519 39.1 

2007 78 .038 22.3 15.1 21.0 17.9 4184 223 191 10.7 129 .858 .0459 37.5 

Percent Of Five-Cylinder Pickups: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

2004 43.9 2.9 97.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2005 51.2 2.4 97.6 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2006 51.9 2.1 97.9 100.0 100.0 100.0 

2007 40.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-20 Appendix J 
Table J-21 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Six-Cylinder Pickups 

MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 144 .107 17.1 13.7 15.8 14.6 4020 270 103 17.0 101 .384 .0256 29.5 

1976 272 .146 18.9 15.1 17.4 16.0 4007 267 103 16.9 101 .389 .0257 32.3 

1977 254 .125 19.0 15.3 17.3 16.2 4044 271 109 16.2 103 .405 .0272 32.9 

1978 346 .153 18.5 14.9 16.8 15.7 4054 274 116 15.5 106 .428 .0287 32.1 

1979 355 .161 17.5 14.3 15.6 14.8 4173 266 122 15.1 107 .464 .0294 31.3 

1980 387 .269 19.1 15.2 17.7 16.3 4027 271 121 14.8 107 .451 .0300 32.9 

1981 472 .328 20.1 16.0 18.7 17.1 3934 274 120 14.6 108 .444 .0306 33.9 

1982 480 .333 21.7 17.1 20.5 18.5 3578 236 113 14.2 108 .502 .0321 33.2 

1983 484 .297 21.6 16.9 20.7 18.4 3653 228 112 14.6 107 .516 .0310 33.7 

1984 687 .336 21.0 16.4 20.1 17.9 3676 227 110 14.8 106 .510 .0304 33.0 

1985 591 .284 21.7 16.9 20.8 18.5 3588 227 117 14.0 109 .535 .0327 33.1 

1986 600 .237 21.1 16.5 19.9 17.9 3705 228 129 13.3 113 .604 .0354 33.1 

1987 631 .294 21.4 16.5 20.4 18.1 3647 222 136 12.5 116 .638 .0378 33.0 

1988 746 .304 21.4 16.4 20.5 18.1 3695 229 142 12.2 117 .644 .0388 33.4 

1989 732 .328 20.9 16.0 19.8 17.6 3869 239 145 12.5 117 .627 .0378 34.1 

1990 593 .323 21.0 15.9 20.1 17.7 3959 240 147 12.5 117 .637 .0376 35.0 

1991 769 .400 21.9 16.3 21.0 18.3 3807 236 147 12.2 118 .641 .0390 34.8 

1992 792 .430 21.2 15.7 20.4 17.7 3950 242 146 12.6 117 .622 .0375 35.0 

1993 916 .458 21.3 15.7 20.4 17.7 3944 239 150 12.4 118 .645 .0384 35.0 

1994 1057 .396 21.3 15.6 20.3 17.7 3983 245 161 11.8 121 .675 .0410 35.2 

1995 679 .299 20.8 15.1 19.9 17.2 4122 256 161 12.1 120 .645 .0396 35.4 

1996 628 .321 21.0 15.3 19.9 17.3 4104 249 168 11.7 122 .688 .0412 35.7 

1997 674 .280 21.5 15.4 20.3 17.6 4100 247 185 10.8 128 .753 .0453 36.2 

1998 729 .302 21.3 15.2 19.9 17.4 4064 238 180 11.0 126 .760 .0443 35.4 

1999 794 .312 20.9 14.9 19.4 17.0 4045 230 174 11.3 124 .763 .0430 34.4 

2000 921 .353 20.9 14.9 19.3 17.0 4080 228 175 11.3 125 .774 .0430 34.7 

2001 854 .339 20.7 14.7 19.0 16.8 4127 232 184 11.0 127 .798 .0447 34.6 

2002 842 .354 20.6 14.6 18.7 16.6 4192 232 186 11.0 127 .806 .0444 34.8 

2003 852 .344 20.9 14.7 18.9 16.8 4251 233 187 11.1 127 .807 .0441 35.7 

2004 595 .238 20.8 14.5 18.9 16.7 4256 227 192 10.8 128 .849 .0452 35.6 

2005 529 .230 21.1 14.5 19.2 16.9 4398 239 215 10.3 134 .901 .0492 37.1 

2006 578 .272 21.4 14.8 19.5 17.1 4409 236 221 10.0 136 .941 .0504 37.8 

2007 476 .234 21.4 14.8 19.4 17.1 4440 236 221 10.1 136 .943 .0502 38.0 

Percent Of Six-Cylinder Pickups: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 3.3 16.3 

1976 5.3 35.3 

1977 10.8 29.6 

1978 11.4 30.9 .3 

1979 11.7 61.4 2.4 .8 

1980 12.6 65.4 19.5 .2 

1981 10.2 61.1 21.9 

1982 8.9 56.6 30.2 

1983 23.5 53.0 32.1 

1984 25.8 49.8 30.5 

1985 26.8 52.4 33.5 1.1 

1986 30.7 53.0 30.9 23.3 26.8 

1987 33.1 46.1 45.7 50.4 31.2 

1988 34.3 49.8 42.0 53.9 46.1 

1989 33.6 51.5 43.8 52.7 47.3 

1990 30.0 46.3 50.3 62.2 37.8 

1991 25.8 51.7 48.3 43.6 56.4 

1992 23.2 48.6 51.4 56.4 43.6 

1993 24.2 45.3 54.7 58.5 41.5 

1994 27.0 39.0 61.0 71.1 28.9 94.6 5.4 

1995 28.1 42.7 57.3 69.6 30.4 98.6 1.4 

1996 27.2 33.5 66.5 100.0 89.9 10.1 

1997 21.5 27.8 72.2 100.0 95.8 4.2 

1998 28.7 28.0 72.0 100.0 92.9 7.1 

1999 33.0 23.9 76.1 100.0 92.4 7.6 

2000 31.4 21.7 78.3 100.0 93.0 7.0 

2001 28.2 16.4 83.6 100.0 88.4 11.6 

2002 32.5 15.1 84.9 100.0 80.2 19.8 

2003 30.5 15.0 85.0 100.0 86.1 13.9 

2004 34.0 15.6 84.4 100.0 82.1 17.9 

2005 30.2 12.4 87.6 100.0 65.9 34.1 34.1 

2006 39.2 9.8 88.2 100.0 48.1 51.9 51.9 

2007 41.3 15.1 84.9 100.0 46.9 53.1 53.1 

Table J-22 Characteristics of 1975 to 2007 Eight-Cylinder Pickups 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-21 Appendix J 
MODEL SALES <---- FUEL ECONOMY ----> WGHT ENGINE 0-60 TOP HP/ HP/ TON 

YEAR (000) FRAC LAB ADJ ADJ ADJ LB CID HP TIME SPD CID WT -MPG 

55/45 CITY HWY COMP 

1975 982 .732 12.6 10.0 11.8 10.8 4274 353 158 12.7 118 .446 .0373 23.3 

1976 1367 .732 13.2 10.6 12.0 11.2 4360 359 155 13.1 116 .430 .0358 24.6 

1977 1466 .723 14.4 11.7 12.9 12.2 4366 360 164 12.6 119 .457 .0378 26.9 

1978 1582 .698 14.0 11.5 12.5 11.9 4386 353 162 12.7 118 .460 .0373 26.4 

1979 1392 .631 13.6 11.3 12.1 11.6 4566 346 156 13.8 115 .449 .0344 27.0 

1980 500 .348 15.9 12.8 14.6 13.6 4532 331 150 13.9 113 .453 .0333 31.3 

1981 470 .326 17.4 13.8 16.1 14.8 4311 312 143 13.8 113 .461 .0334 32.2 

1982 476 .331 17.8 14.2 16.5 15.1 4437 317 150 13.7 114 .475 .0341 34.4 

1983 437 .269 17.2 13.6 16.1 14.7 4430 317 152 13.5 114 .483 .0346 33.3 

1984 561 .275 16.9 13.3 15.9 14.4 4463 316 154 13.4 115 .489 .0347 32.6 

1985 668 .321 16.7 13.2 15.6 14.2 4437 315 159 13.0 117 .506 .0361 31.9 

1986 675 .267 17.4 13.6 16.3 14.7 4424 311 157 13.1 116 .503 .0356 32.8 

1987 451 .210 17.0 13.2 15.9 14.3 4482 320 169 12.6 119 .527 .0379 32.3 

1988 800 .325 17.5 13.4 16.7 14.8 4537 329 180 12.1 122 .544 .0397 33.6 

1989 726 .326 17.5 13.3 16.8 14.7 4502 330 184 11.9 124 .556 .0411 33.3 

1990 687 .375 17.3 13.0 16.8 14.5 4572 335 189 11.8 124 .561 .0414 33.4 

1991 519 .271 17.3 12.9 16.8 14.5 4542 331 190 11.6 125 .573 .0420 33.0 

1992 577 .313 17.4 12.9 17.0 14.6 4652 330 190 11.9 124 .573 .0410 34.0 

1993 608 .304 17.7 13.0 17.2 14.8 4691 331 200 11.3 127 .606 .0429 34.8 

1994 906 .339 17.6 12.9 16.9 14.7 4706 334 205 11.1 128 .615 .0437 34.5 

1995 939 .414 17.3 12.6 16.6 14.4 4751 333 201 11.4 127 .606 .0425 34.2 

1996 771 .394 17.7 12.8 17.0 14.6 4815 332 226 10.5 133 .680 .0470 35.3 

1997 1269 .527 18.3 13.1 17.6 15.1 4933 318 228 10.6 133 .721 .0465 37.3 

1998 1071 .443 18.0 12.8 17.3 14.8 4902 323 232 10.4 134 .723 .0477 36.4 

1999 1359 .534 18.1 12.9 17.1 14.9 5043 324 245 10.2 137 .758 .0490 37.5 

2000 1255 .480 18.8 13.4 17.5 15.3 4836 313 249 9.7 140 .798 .0517 37.1 

2001 1388 .551 18.2 12.9 17.0 14.8 5022 316 252 9.9 139 .801 .0503 37.4 

2002 1373 .577 18.3 12.9 16.9 14.8 5137 310 261 9.8 140 .843 .0511 38.2 

2003 1333 .539 18.5 13.0 16.9 14.9 5133 311 265 9.7 141 .854 .0518 38.3 

2004 1658 .661 18.5 13.0 16.9 14.9 5364 317 280 9.7 143 .881 .0524 40.1 

2005 1509 .656 18.7 12.9 17.2 15.1 5370 316 286 9.5 145 .906 .0536 40.5 

2006 1303 .615 19.1 13.2 17.4 15.3 5342 315 286 9.5 145 .905 .0537 40.9 

2007 1356 .667 19.2 13.2 17.8 15.5 5463 321 299 9.4 147 .928 .0548 42.4 

Percent Of Eight-Cylinder Pickups: 

MODEL DRIVETRAIN TRANSMISSION FUEL METERING NUMBER OF VALVES 

YEAR FRONT 4WD MANUAL LOCK CVT PORT TBI DSL TWO THREE FOUR FIVE VVT HYBRID 

1975 18.0 35.4 

1976 27.5 32.4 

1977 27.7 27.3 

1978 34.7 27.9 1.6 

1979 10.2 18.6 1.5 3.7 

1980 28.5 19.5 47.9 9.6 

1981 17.0 16.8 62.2 4.5 

1982 20.7 13.7 56.5 15.4 

1983 25.6 11.5 66.5 7.1 

1984 29.1 12.8 65.7 3.9 

1985 27.8 10.3 64.4 13.1 1.8 

1986 30.2 11.9 72.0 32.2 1.0 

1987 .1 34.1 14.4 54.8 30.0 45.3 .6 

1988 .0 38.1 13.4 69.4 27.4 71.4 .6 

1989 38.8 18.8 72.1 29.3 70.2 .5 

1990 38.0 14.0 79.1 30.2 69.3 .5 

1991 38.5 12.7 85.3 30.8 68.7 .6 

1992 40.7 12.5 87.4 44.2 55.4 .4 

1993 .0 43.0 8.1 91.9 45.1 54.9 

1994 45.4 6.1 93.9 46.3 53.7 100.0 

1995 48.9 9.4 90.6 50.1 49.9 100.0 

1996 45.0 5.3 94.7 99.5 .5 100.0 

1997 52.2 4.6 95.4 99.9 .1 100.0 

1998 52.6 4.1 95.9 99.9 .1 100.0 

1999 62.5 2.4 97.6 100.0 .0 100.0 

2000 54.1 2.0 98.0 100.0 90.8 9.2 

2001 51.2 2.0 98.0 100.0 94.7 5.3 

2002 52.0 1.5 98.5 100.0 93.4 6.6 

2003 51.5 1.2 98.8 100.0 93.6 6.4 

2004 54.1 .6 99.4 100.0 72.8 21.6 5.6 21.6 .0 

2005 54.7 .4 99.6 100.0 66.7 21.4 11.9 33.3 .1 

2006 53.0 .4 99.6 100.0 59.6 24.6 15.8 40.4 .2 

2007 51.8 .3 99.7 100.0 63.7 21.7 14.6 35.1 .1 

EPA420-R-07-008 J-22 Appendix J