II 

117TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. 3052 

To promote free and fair elections, democracy, political freedoms, and human 

rights in Cambodia, and for other purposes. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

OCTOBER 21, 2021 

Mr. MARKEY (for himself, Mr. RUBIO, Mr. DURBIN, Mr. TILLIS, Ms. WARREN, and Mrs. FEINSTEIN) introduced the following bill; which was read 

twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

A BILL 

To promote free and fair elections, democracy, political freedoms, and human rights in Cambodia, and for other 

purposes. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Cambodia Democracy 

5 and Human Rights Act of 2021’’. 

6 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

7 Congress finds the following: 

8 (1) On October 23, 1991, Cambodia and 18 

9 other countries signed the Comprehensive CamVerDate Sep 11 2014 04:00 Oct 26, 2021 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3052.IS S3052

kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
2 

•S 3052 IS

1 bodian Peace Agreement (commonly referred to as 

2 the ‘‘Paris Peace Agreements’’), which committed 

3 Cambodia to a democratic system of governance pro4 tected by a constitution and free and fair elections 

5 and stated that the people of Cambodia ‘‘shall enjoy 

6 the rights and freedoms embodied in the Universal 

7 Declaration of Human Rights and other relevant 

8 international human rights instruments’’. 

9 (2) Prime Minister Hun Sen has been in power 

10 in Cambodia since 1984 and is the longest-serving 

11 leader in Southeast Asia. Despite decades of inter12 national attention and assistance to promote a plu13 ralistic, multi-party democratic system in Cambodia, 

14 the Government of Cambodia continues to be 

15 undemocratically dominated by the ruling Cam16 bodian People’s Party. 

17 (3) In 2015, the Cambodian People’s Party18 controlled National Assembly adopted the Law on 

19 Associations and Non-Governmental Organizations, 

20 which gave the Government of Cambodia sweeping 

21 powers to revoke the registration of nongovern22 mental organizations in the name of ‘‘national 

23 unity’’, and which the government has used to re24 strict the legitimate work of civil society. 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
3 

•S 3052 IS

1 (4) On August 23, 2017, Cambodia’s Ministry 

2 of Foreign Affairs ordered the closure of the Na3 tional Democratic Institute office in Cambodia and 

4 the expulsion of its foreign staff. On September 15, 

5 2017, Prime Minister Hun Sen called for the with6 drawal of all volunteers from the United States 

7 Peace Corps, which has operated in Cambodia since 

8 2006 with approximately 500 United States volun9 teers providing English language and healthcare 

10 training. 

11 (5) The Government of Cambodia has taken 

12 several measures to restrict its media environment, 

13 especially through politicized tax investigations 

14 against independent media outlets that resulted in 

15 the closure of The Cambodia Daily and Radio Free 

16 Asia in early September 2017. Additionally, the Gov17 ernment of Cambodia has ordered several radio sta18 tions to stop the broadcasting of Radio Free Asia 

19 and Voice of America programming. 

20 (6) Cambodia’s small number of independent 

21 trade unions and workers have the right to strike, 

22 but many face retribution for doing so, according to 

23 Freedom House. 

24 (7) Each of the 6 elections that have taken 

25 place in Cambodia since 1991 was conducted in cirVerDate Sep 11 2014 04:00 Oct 26, 2021 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3052.IS S3052

kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
4 

•S 3052 IS

1 cumstances that were not free and fair, and were 

2 marked, to varying degrees, by fraud, intimidation, 

3 violence, and the misuse by the Government of Cam4 bodia of legal mechanisms to weaken opposition can5 didates and parties. The 2017 local elections were 

6 marked by fewer reported irregularities, however, 

7 which helped the opposition Cambodia National Res8 cue Party (in this section referred to as the 

9 ‘‘CNRP’’). Hun Sen responded to those improve10 ments in elections, resulting in part from inter11 national assistance and observers, by banning the 

12 CNRP, the primary opposition party, on November 

13 16, 2017. 

14 (8) On September 3, 2017, Kem Sokha, the 

15 President of the CNRP, was arrested on politically 

16 motivated charges, including treason and conspiring 

17 to overthrow the Government of Cambodia. While he 

18 was released on bail, he faces up to 30 years in pris19 on. His trial has been delayed due to the coronavirus 

20 disease 2019 (commonly known as ‘‘COVID–19’’) 

21 pandemic and will likely not resume in 2021. 

22 (9) In the most recent general election in July 

23 2018, following the dissolution of the CNRP, the 

24 Cambodian People’s Party secured every parliamen25 tary seat, an electoral victory that the White House 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
5 

•S 3052 IS

1 Press Secretary stated was ‘‘neither free nor fair 

2 and failed to represent the will of the Cambodian 

3 people’’. 

4 (10) The widespread crackdown by the Govern5 ment of Cambodia on the political opposition and 

6 other independent voices has caused many CNRP 

7 leaders to flee abroad. According to Human Rights 

8 Watch, on March 12, 2019, a court criminally 

9 charged and issued arrest warrants for 8 leading 

10 members of the CNRP, including former CNRP 

11 leader Sam Rainsy, who had left Cambodia ahead of 

12 the July 2018 election, as well as Mu Sochua, Ou 

13 Chanrith, Eng Chhai Eang, Men Sothavarin, Long 

14 Ry, Tob Van Chan, and Ho Vann. 

15 (11) The Government of Cambodia has arrested 

16 many opposition party members and democracy ac17 tivists who remained in Cambodia. More than 80 op18 position party supporters and activists were arrested 

19 in 2019 and were released on bail with charges still 

20 pending and could face re-arrest any time. 

21 (12) In November 2019, Sam Rainsy made a 

22 failed attempt to return to Cambodia to partake in 

23 mass pro-democracy protests. Approximately 150 

24 CNRP activists were put on trial in 2020 and 2021 

25 for treason for calling for his return. 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
6 

•S 3052 IS

1 (13) In March 2021, a Cambodian court con2 victed and sentenced Sam Rainsy in absentia to 25 

3 years in prison and 8 other opposition figures living 

4 in exile, including Rainsy’s wife Tioulong Saumura, 

5 as well as Mu Sochua, Eng Chhay Eang, Men 

6 Sothavarin, Ou Chanrith, Ho Vann, Long Ry, and 

7 Nuth Romduol, to between 20 and 22 years. 

8 (14) Prime Minister Hun Sen has used the 

9 COVID–19 pandemic as justification to further con10 solidate power and the Cambodia People’s Party11 controlled National Assembly passed new laws to 

12 further curtail the rights to freedom of expression, 

13 peaceful assembly, and association. 

14 (15) According to Human Rights Watch, under 

15 the guise of the pandemic, authorities— 

16 (A) banned protests organized by youth 

17 and environmental activists; 

18 (B) detained and interrogated at least 30 

19 people for Facebook posts related to the pan20 demic; and 

21 (C) charged one journalist for pandemic22 related reporting. 

23 (16) According to Freedom House, Hun Sen 

24 uses the police and armed forces as instruments of 

25 repression. The military has stood firmly behind 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
7 

•S 3052 IS

1 Hun Sen and his crackdown on opposition groups 

2 and Hun Sen has built a personal bodyguard unit in 

3 the armed forces that he reportedly uses to harass 

4 and abuse Cambodian People’s Party opponents. 

5 (17) In August 2020, 14 youth and environ6 mental activists were detained by Cambodian au7 thorities. In May 2021, 3 environmental activists 

8 were convicted on charges of ‘‘incitement to commit 

9 a felony or disturb social order’’, related to peaceful 

10 protests against authorities. In June 2021, a Cam11 bodian court charged 3 environmental activists with 

12 ‘‘plotting against the government and insulting the 

13 king’’. The 2020 Country Reports on Human Rights 

14 Practices of the Department of State reported ‘‘at 

15 least 40 political prisoners or detainees’’ in Cam16 bodia. 

17 (18) In 2019, the Wall Street Journal reported 

18 that Cambodia had signed a deal with the Govern19 ment of the People’s Republic of China to allow that 

20 Government access to and use of the Ream Naval 

21 Base on the Gulf of Thailand, which would violate 

22 the Constitution of Cambodia, which prohibits the 

23 establishment of foreign military bases. 

24 (19) In 2019, the New York Times reported 

25 that a company described by the Department of the 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
8 

•S 3052 IS

1 Treasury as being a state-owned company of the 

2 People’s Republic of China had secured a 99-year 

3 lease to build an airport capable of supporting mili4 tary aircraft at Dara Sakor, raising concerns that 

5 Beijing intends to use this dual-use facility for its 

6 military, which would violate the Constitution of 

7 Cambodia. 

8 (20) In section 401 of the Asia Reassurance 

9 Initiative Act of 2018 (Public Law 115–409; 132 

10 Stat. 5407), Congress expressed serious concerns 

11 with the rule of law and civil liberties in Cambodia 

12 and made the finding that the promotion of human 

13 rights and respect for democratic values in the Indo14 Pacific region is in the United States national secu15 rity interest. 

16 (21) The 2020 Country Reports on Human 

17 Rights Practices of the Department of State stated, 

18 of Cambodia, ‘‘Corruption was endemic throughout 

19 society and government. There were reports police, 

20 prosecutors, investigating judges, and presiding 

21 judges took bribes from owners of both legal and il22 legal businesses. Citizens frequently and publicly 

23 complained about corruption. Meager salaries con24 tributed to ‘survival corruption’ among low-level 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
9 

•S 3052 IS

1 public servants, while a culture of impunity enabled 

2 corruption to flourish among senior officials.’’. 

3 (22) Section 7043(b) of the Department of 

4 State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs 

5 Appropriations Act, 2018 (division K of Public Law 

6 115–141; 132 Stat. 918) and section 201(f) of the 

7 Asia Reassurance Initiative Act of 2018 (Public Law 

8 115–409; 132 Stat. 5392) restrict assistance to 

9 Cambodia until the Government of Cambodia takes 

10 effective steps to— 

11 (A) strengthen regional security and sta12 bility, particularly regarding territorial disputes 

13 in the South China Sea and the enforcement of 

14 international sanctions with respect to North 

15 Korea; and 

16 (B) respect the rights and responsibilities 

17 enshrined in the Constitution of the Kingdom 

18 of Cambodia as enacted in 1993, including 

19 through the— 

20 (i) restoration of the civil and political 

21 rights of the opposition Cambodia National 

22 Rescue Party, media, and civil society or23 ganizations; 

24 (ii) restoration of all elected officials 

25 to their elected offices; and 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
10 

•S 3052 IS

1 (iii) release of all political prisoners, 

2 including journalists, civil society activists, 

3 and members of the opposition political 

4 party. 

5 (23) On December 9, 2019, the Department of 

6 the Treasury imposed sanctions under the Global 

7 Magnitsky Human Rights Accountability Act (sub8 title F of title XII of Public Law 114–328; 22 

9 U.S.C. 2656 note) with respect to certain corrupt 

10 Cambodian actors and their networks. 

11 (24) In February 2019, the European Union 

12 began intense scrutiny of Cambodia’s eligibility to 

13 for preferential trade access in light of the deteriora14 tion of democracy, the rule of law, and the protec15 tion of human rights in Cambodia. In February 

16 2020, the European Union, Cambodia’s largest ex17 port market, partially suspended trade preferences 

18 for Cambodia under its ‘‘Everything but Arms’’ 

19 trade program, in response to Cambodia’s violations 

20 of civil and political rights. 

21 SEC. 3. SENSE OF CONGRESS. 

22 It is the sense of Congress that— 

23 (1) the United States is committed to pro24 moting democracy, human rights, and the rule of 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
11 

•S 3052 IS

1 law in Cambodia, as laid out in the 1991 Paris 

2 Peace Agreements; 

3 (2) the United States Government, through di4 plomacy and assistance, must urge the Government 

5 of Cambodia to— 

6 (A) release all political prisoners; 

7 (B) drop all politically motivated charges 

8 and vacate convictions against members of the 

9 Cambodia National Rescue Party, journalists, 

10 and civil society activists; and 

11 (C) restore full political rights to the Cam12 bodia National Rescue Party and other political 

13 parties; 

14 (3) the United States Government should urge 

15 the Government of Cambodia— 

16 (A) to reverse the policies and actions that 

17 have resulted in the dismantling of democracy, 

18 the blatant disregard of fundamental human 

19 rights, and the breakdown of rule of law in 

20 Cambodia; 

21 (B) to immediately discontinue the impris22 onment and judicial harassment of journalists, 

23 political dissidents, and activists, and drop po24 litically motivated charges; 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
12 

•S 3052 IS

1 (C) to halt the threat of mass arrests and 

2 violence if and when Cambodia National Rescue 

3 Party members currently overseas return to 

4 Cambodia; 

5 (D) to reinstate the political status of the 

6 Cambodia National Rescue Party and other op7 position parties, restore the Cambodia National 

8 Rescue Party’s elected seats in the National As9 sembly, and support electoral reform efforts in 

10 Cambodia with free and fair elections monitored 

11 by international observers; 

12 (E) to ensure that media outlets are able 

13 to operate freely and without interference, in14 cluding having the ability to apply for and re15 ceive licenses to operate within Cambodia; and 

16 (F) to consider how allowing the People’s 

17 Liberation Army to conduct activities, gain ac18 cess, or establish a presence in Cambodia would 

19 harm Cambodia’s relationships with its neigh20 bors, partners, and allies, and violate the Con21 stitution of Cambodia; 

22 (4) Prime Minister Hun Sen is directly respon23 sible, and should be held accountable, for the safety, 

24 health, and welfare of exiled Cambodia National 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
13 

•S 3052 IS

1 Rescue Party leaders and their supporters upon 

2 their return to Cambodia; 

3 (5) other governments throughout the Indo-Pa4 cific region should— 

5 (A) urge the Government of Cambodia to 

6 allow the peaceful return of exiled Cambodia 

7 National Rescue Party leaders and their sup8 porters; and 

9 (B) refrain from illegally restricting the 

10 rights of Cambodia National Rescue Party 

11 members to travel to and through their coun12 tries as they return; and 

13 (6) in the absence of systemic democratic re14 forms on the part of the Government of Cambodia, 

15 there is need for additional United States Govern16 ment measures, including through legislation and ex17 ecutive action. 

18 SEC. 4. SANCTIONS RELATING TO UNDERMINING DEMOC19 RACY IN CAMBODIA. 

20 (a) IDENTIFICATION OF PERSONS RESPONSIBLE FOR

21 UNDERMINING DEMOCRACY IN CAMBODIA.— 

22 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days 

23 after the date of the enactment of this Act, the 

24 President shall submit to the appropriate congres25 sional committees a list of— 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
14 

•S 3052 IS

1 (A) each foreign person, including any sen2 ior official of the Government, military, or secu3 rity forces of Cambodia, who the President de4 termines has, on or after such date of enact5 ment— 

6 (i) directly and substantially under7 mined democracy in Cambodia, including 

8 through the use of baseless legal charges, 

9 malicious prosecution, or mass trials; 

10 (ii) committed or directed serious 

11 human rights violations associated with 

12 undermining democracy in Cambodia; or 

13 (iii) engaged in or directed acts of sig14 nificant corruption, including the expro15 priation of private or public assets for per16 sonal gain, corruption related to govern17 ment contracts or the extraction of natural 

18 resources, bribery, or the facilitation or 

19 transfer of the proceeds of corruption to 

20 foreign jurisdictions; and 

21 (B) each foreign person owned or con22 trolled by an official described in subparagraph 

23 (A). 

24 (2) UPDATES.—The President shall submit to 

25 the appropriate congressional committees updated 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
15 

•S 3052 IS

1 lists under paragraph (1) as new information be2 comes available. 

3 (b) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—The President shall 

4 impose the following sanctions with respect to each foreign 

5 person on the list required by subsection (a): 

6 (1) ASSET BLOCKING.—The President shall ex7 ercise all of the powers granted to the President 

8 under the International Emergency Economic Pow9 ers Act (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) (except that the re10 quirements of section 202 of such Act (50 U.S.C. 

11 1701) shall not apply) to the extent necessary to 

12 block and prohibit all transactions in property and 

13 interests in property of the person if such property 

14 and interests in property are in the United States, 

15 come within the United States, or are or come with16 in the possession or control of a United States per17 son. 

18 (2) ALIENS INADMISSIBLE FOR VISAS, ADMIS19 SION, OR PAROLE.— 

20 (A) VISAS, ADMISSION, OR PAROLE.—In 

21 the case of an individual, that individual is— 

22 (i) inadmissible to the United States; 

23 (ii) ineligible to receive a visa or other 

24 documentation to enter the United States; 

25 and 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
16 

•S 3052 IS

1 (iii) otherwise ineligible to be admitted 

2 or paroled into the United States or to re3 ceive any other benefit under the Immigra4 tion and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1101 et 

5 seq.). 

6 (B) CURRENT VISAS REVOKED.— 

7 (i) IN GENERAL.—The visa or other 

8 entry documentation of the individual shall 

9 be revoked, regardless of when such visa or 

10 other entry documentation is or was 

11 issued. 

12 (ii) IMMEDIATE EFFECT.—A revoca13 tion under clause (i) shall— 

14 (I) take effect immediately; and 

15 (II) automatically cancel any 

16 other valid visa or entry documenta17 tion that is in the individual’s posses18 sion. 

19 (c) EXCEPTIONS.— 

20 (1) EXCEPTION RELATING TO IMPORTATION OF

21 GOODS.— 

22 (A) IN GENERAL.—The authorities and re23 quirements to impose sanctions authorized 

24 under subsection (b)(1) shall not include the 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
17 

•S 3052 IS

1 authority or requirement to impose sanctions on 

2 the importation of goods. 

3 (B) GOOD DEFINED.—In this paragraph, 

4 the term ‘‘good’’ means any article, natural or 

5 manmade substance, material, supply or manu6 factured product, including inspection and test 

7 equipment, and excluding technical data. 

8 (2) EXCEPTION TO COMPLY WITH INTER9 NATIONAL OBLIGATIONS.—Sanctions under sub10 section (b)(2) shall not apply with respect to a for11 eign person if admitting or paroling the person into 

12 the United States is necessary to permit the United 

13 States to comply with the Agreement regarding the 

14 Headquarters of the United Nations, signed at Lake 

15 Success June 26, 1947, and entered into force No16 vember 21, 1947, between the United Nations and 

17 the United States, or other applicable international 

18 obligations of the United States. 

19 (d) WAIVER.—The President may waive the applica20 tion of sanctions under subsection (b) with respect to a 

21 foreign person on the list required by subsection (a) if the 

22 President determines and certifies to the appropriate con23 gressional committees that such a waiver is in the national 

24 interest of the United States. 

25 (e) SUSPENSION OF SANCTIONS.— 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
18 

•S 3052 IS

1 (1) SUSPENSION.—The requirement to impose 

2 sanctions under this section may be suspended for 

3 an initial period of not more than one year if the 

4 President determines and certifies to the appropriate 

5 congressional committees that Cambodia is making 

6 meaningful progress toward the following: 

7 (A) Ending government efforts to under8 mine democracy. 

9 (B) Ending human rights violations associ10 ated with undermining democracy. 

11 (C) Releasing all political prisoners. 

12 (D) Dropping all politically motivated 

13 charges and vacating convictions from any such 

14 charges against members of the Cambodia Na15 tional Rescue Party, journalists, and civil soci16 ety activists. 

17 (E) Conducting free and fair elections that 

18 allow for the active participation of credible op19 position candidates. 

20 (2) RENEWAL OF SUSPENSION.—The suspen21 sion of sanctions under paragraph (1) may be re22 newed for additional, consecutive one-year periods if 

23 the President determines and certifies to the appro24 priate congressional committees that Cambodia con25 tinued to make meaningful progress toward satisVerDate Sep 11 2014 04:00 Oct 26, 2021 Jkt 029200 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S3052.IS S3052

kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
19 

•S 3052 IS

1 fying the conditions described in that paragraph 

2 during the year preceding the certification. 

3 (f) IMPLEMENTATION; PENALTIES.— 

4 (1) IMPLEMENTATION.—The President may ex5 ercise all authorities provided under sections 203 

6 and 205 of the International Emergency Economic 

7 Powers Act (50 U.S.C. 1702 and 1704) to carry out 

8 this section. 

9 (2) PENALTIES.—A person that violates, at10 tempts to violate, conspires to violate, or causes a 

11 violation of subsection (b)(1) or any regulation, li12 cense, or order issued to carry out that subsection 

13 shall be subject to the penalties set forth in sub14 sections (b) and (c) of section 206 of the Inter15 national Emergency Economic Powers Act (50 

16 U.S.C. 1705) to the same extent as a person that 

17 commits an unlawful act described in subsection (a) 

18 of that section. 

19 (g) SUNSET.—This section shall terminate on the 

20 date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of 

21 this Act. 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
20 

•S 3052 IS

1 SEC. 5. REPORT ON ACTIVITY OF THE PEOPLE’S LIBERA2 TION ARMY AND GOVERNMENT OF THE PEO3 PLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA IN CAMBODIA. 

4 Not later than 180 days after the date of the enact5 ment of this Act, the President shall submit to the appro6 priate congressional committees a report assessing— 

7 (1) the involvement of the Government of the 

8 People’s Republic of China or the People’s Libera9 tion Army in upgrading existing facilities or con10 structing new facilities at Ream Naval Base and 

11 Dara Sakor Airport in Cambodia; 

12 (2) any actual or projected benefits, including 

13 any enhancement of the power projection capabilities 

14 of the People’s Liberation Army, that the Govern15 ment of the People’s Republic of China or the Peo16 ple’s Liberation Army may accrue as a result of 

17 such upgrades or construction; 

18 (3) the impact that the presence of the People’s 

19 Liberation Army in Cambodia may have on the in20 terests, allies, and partners of the United States in 

21 the region; 

22 (4) any efforts undertaken by the United States 

23 Government to convey to the Government of Cam24 bodia the concerns relating to the presence of the 

25 People’s Liberation Army and the Government of 

26 the People’s Republic of China in Cambodia and the 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
21 

•S 3052 IS

1 impact that presence could have on adherence to the 

2 Constitution of Cambodia; and 

3 (5) the impact the presence of the People’s Lib4 eration Army in Cambodia, as well as closer govern5 ment-to-government ties between Cambodia and the 

6 Government of the People’s Republic of China, in7 cluding through investments under the Belt and 

8 Road Initiative, has had on the deterioration of de9 mocracy and human rights inside Cambodia. 

10 SEC. 6. DEFINITIONS. 

11 In this Act: 

12 (1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT13 TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com14 mittees’’ means— 

15 (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations 

16 and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 

17 Urban Affairs of the Senate; and 

18 (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and 

19 the Committee on Financial Services of the 

20 House of Representatives. 

21 (2) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per22 son’’ means a person that is not a United States 

23 person. 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
22 

•S 3052 IS

1 (3) PEOPLE’S LIBERATION ARMY.—The term 

2 ‘‘People’s Liberation Army’’ means the armed forces 

3 of the People’s Republic of China. 

4 (4) PERSON.— 

5 (A) IN GENERAL.—The term ‘‘person’’ 

6 means— 

7 (i) a natural person; or 

8 (ii) a corporation, business associa9 tion, partnership, society, trust, financial 

10 institution, insurer, underwriter, guar11 antor, and any other business organization, 

12 any other nongovernmental entity, organi13 zation, or group, and any governmental en14 tity operating as a business enterprise or 

15 any successor to any entity described in 

16 this clause. 

17 (B) APPLICATION TO GOVERNMENTAL EN18 TITIES.—The term ‘‘person’’ does not include a 

19 government or governmental entity that is not 

20 operating as a business enterprise. 

21 (5) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term 

22 ‘‘United States person’’ means— 

23 (A) a United States citizen or an alien law24 fully admitted for permanent residence to the 

25 United States; or 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS
23 

•S 3052 IS

1 (B) an entity organized under the laws of 

2 the United States or of any jurisdiction of the 

3 United States, including a foreign branch of 

4 such an entity. 

Æ 


kjohnson on DSK79L0C42PROD with BILLS