May 17, 2011

James M. Parker

PPL Montana, LLC

Colstrip Steam Electric Station

580 Willow Ave., P.O. Box 38

Colstrip, MT 59323

RE: Draft Title V Operating Permit #OP0513-07

Dear Mr. Parker:

The Department of Environmental Quality has prepared the enclosed Draft Operating Permit #OP0513-

07, for PPL Montana, LLC, Colstrip Steam Electric Station, located in Section 34, Township 2 North, 

Range 41 East, in Rosebud County, Montana. Please review the cover page of the attached permit for 

information pertaining to the action taking place on Permit #OP0513-07. 

If you have any questions, please contact Skye Hatten, the permit writer, at (406) 444-5287 or by email at 

shatten@mt.gov.

Sincerely,

Vickie Walsh

Air Permitting Program Supervisor

Air Resources Management Bureau

(406) 444-9741

 Skye Hatten, P.E.

 Environmental Engineer

 Air Resources Management Bureau

 (406) 444-5287

VW: SH

Enclosure 

Cc: Christopher Ajayi, US EPA Region VIII 8P-AR

Stephen J. Christian, PPL Montana, LLC, Alternative Responsible Official 

Neil Dennehy, PPL Montana, LLC, Facility Contact Person
OP0513-07 i Draft: 05/17/2011

State of Montana

Department of Environmental Quality

Helena, Montana 59620

AIR QUALITY OPERATING PERMIT NUMBER OP0513-07

Renewal Application Received: March 25, 2010

Application Deemed Administratively Complete: March 25, 2010

Application Deemed Technically Complete: March 25, 2010

AFS Number: 030-087-0008A 

Draft Issue Date: May 17, 2011

Proposed Issue Date: 

End of EPA 45-day Review: 

Date of Decision:

Effective Date: 

Expiration Date: 

In accordance with the Montana Code Annotated (MCA) Sections 75-2-217 and 218, and the 

Administrative Rules of Montana (ARM) Title 17, Chapter 8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program, 

ARM 17.8.1201, et seq.,

PPL Montana, LLC – Colstrip Steam Electric Station

Section 34, Township 2 North, Range 41 East, in Rosebud County, Montana 

580 Willow Ave., P.O. Box 38

Colstrip, MT 59323

hereinafter referred to as “PPL”, is authorized to operate a stationary source of air contaminants 

consisting of the emission units described in this permit. Until this permit expires or is modified or 

revoked, PPL is allowed to discharge air pollutants in accordance with the conditions of this permit. All 

conditions in this permit are federally and state enforceable unless otherwise specified. Requirements 

which are state only enforceable are identified as such in the permit. A copy of this permit must be kept 

on site at the above named facility.

Permit Issuance and Appeal Process: In accordance with ARM 17.8.1232, the Department of 

Environmental Quality (Department) is providing a public comment period from May 17, 2011, to June 

16, 2011, to accept comments on this draft permit. Any member of the public, including representatives 

of the facility, desiring to comment on this draft permit must submit all comments to the Department by 

June 16, 2011, to be considered. Comments may address the Department analysis and determination or 

information submitted by the applicant. A public hearing regarding issuance of this permit may be 

requested by submitting a written request to the Department within the public comment period. The 

Department intends to issue the proposed operating permit after the comment period has expired and after 

any required public hearing. The proposed permit will be sent to the United States Environmental 

Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA is allowed a 45-day review period on the proposed permit. After the 

EPA comment period has expired, the Department intends to issue a decision on the permit. In 

accordance with Section 75-2-218, MCA, the Department decision regarding issuance of an operating 

permit is not effective until 30 days have elapsed from the date of the decision. The decision may be 

appealed to the Board of Environmental Review (Board) by filing a request for a hearing within 30 days 

after the date of decision. For more information, please contact the Department at (406) 444-3490.
OP0513-07 ii Draft: 05/17/2011

Montana Air Quality Operating Permit

Department of Environmental Quality

SECTION I. GENERAL INFORMATION..........................................................................................1

SECTION II. SUMMARY OF EMISSION UNITS ..............................................................................2

SECTION III. PERMIT CONDITIONS..................................................................................................3

A. FACILITY-WIDE .......................................................................................................................3

B. EU001 AND EU002 – TANGENTIAL COAL FIRED UNITS 1 & 2................................................7

C. EU003 AND EU004 – TANGENTIAL COAL FIRED UNITS 3 & 4..............................................12

D. EU005 – AUXILIARY PROPANE BOILER.................................................................................21

E. EU006 – BUILDING HEATER BOILER.....................................................................................23

F. EU007, EU008, AND EU009– COAL HANDLING SYSTEMS (UNITS 1 & 2 – ENCLOSED 

CONVEYORS, DUST SUPPRESSANT, TELESCOPIC CHUTE), COAL HANDLING SYSTEMS 

(UNITS 3 & 4 – SILOS, DISTRIBUTION BIN, SURGE PILE TUNNEL, CRUSHING AND 

SAMPLING HOUSE, AND VACUUM CLEANING SYSTEM) AND COAL PILES ..............................25

G. EU010 – EMERGENCY DIESEL GENERATORS AND EU011 - INTERNAL COMBUSTION 

ENGINES (VEHICLES)..............................................................................................................27

H. EU012 - LIME HANDLING SYSTEM........................................................................................29

I. EU013 - PLANT ROADS; EU014 – PROCESS PONDS ..............................................................31

J. EU015 – UNDERGROUND GASOLINE TANK...........................................................................33

K. EU016 – ALTERNATE FUEL LOADING SYSTEMS (SYN COAL AND PETROLEUM COKE)........34

L. EU017 – TANGENTIAL COAL FIRED UNITS 1-4 MERCURY EMISSIONS .................................36

M. EU018 – MERCURY OXIDIZER/SORBENT HANDLING SYSTEMS (UNITS 1-4) ........................38

SECTION IV. NON-APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS.....................................................................40

A. FACILITY-WIDE .....................................................................................................................40

B. EMISSION UNITS ....................................................................................................................41

SECTION V. GENERAL PERMIT CONDITIONS...........................................................................42

A. COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS ...............................................................................................42

B. CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS............................................................................................42

C. PERMIT SHIELD ......................................................................................................................43

D. MONITORING, RECORDKEEPING, AND REPORTING REQUIREMENTS .....................................44

E. PROMPT DEVIATION REPORTING...........................................................................................45

F. EMERGENCY PROVISIONS ......................................................................................................45

G. INSPECTION AND ENTRY ........................................................................................................46

H. FEE PAYMENT ........................................................................................................................46

I. MINOR PERMIT MODIFICATIONS ...........................................................................................47

J. CHANGES NOT REQUIRING PERMIT REVISION ......................................................................47

K. SIGNIFICANT PERMIT MODIFICATIONS ..................................................................................48

L. REOPENING FOR CAUSE .........................................................................................................48

M. PERMIT EXPIRATION AND RENEWAL.....................................................................................49

N. SEVERABILITY CLAUSE..........................................................................................................49

O. TRANSFER OR ASSIGNMENT OF OWNERSHIP .........................................................................50

P. EMISSIONS TRADING, MARKETABLE PERMITS, ECONOMIC INCENTIVES ..............................50

Q. NO PROPERTY RIGHTS CONVEYED........................................................................................50

R. TESTING REQUIREMENTS.......................................................................................................50

S. SOURCE TESTING PROTOCOL.................................................................................................50
OP0513-07 iii Draft: 05/17/2011

T. MALFUNCTIONS .....................................................................................................................50

U. CIRCUMVENTION ...................................................................................................................50

V. MOTOR VEHICLES..................................................................................................................50

W. ANNUAL EMISSIONS INVENTORY ..........................................................................................51

X. OPEN BURNING ......................................................................................................................51

Y. MONTANA AIR QUALITY PERMITS (MAQP).........................................................................51

Z. NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARD FOR ASBESTOS .................................................................52

AA. ASBESTOS ..............................................................................................................................52

BB. STRATOSPHERIC OZONE PROTECTION – SERVICING OF MOTOR VEHICLE AIR 

CONDITIONERS.......................................................................................................................52

CC. STRATOSPHERIC OZONE PROTECTION – RECYCLING AND EMISSION REDUCTIONS..............52

DD. EMERGENCY EPISODE PLAN ..................................................................................................53

EE. DEFINITIONS ..........................................................................................................................53

APPENDIX A INSIGNIFICANT EMISSION UNITS .......................................................................A-1

APPENDIX B DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS..................................................................B-1

APPENDIX C NOTIFICATION ADDRESSES..................................................................................C-1

APPENDIX D AIR QUALITY INSPECTOR INFORMATION.......................................................D-1

APPENDIX E OPACITY CEMS .........................................................................................................E-1

APPENDIX F SO2 CEMS..................................................................................................................... F-1

APPENDIX G NOX CEMS...................................................................................................................G-1

APPENDIX H ACID RAIN...................................................................................................................H-1

APPENDIX I COMPLIANCE ASSURANCE MONITORING PLAN............................................I-1

APPENDIX J MERCURY EMISSIONS MONITORING SYSTEM (MEMS) ...............................J-1
OP0513-07 1 Draft: 05/17/2011

Terms not otherwise defined in this permit or in the Definitions and Abbreviations Appendix of this 

permit have the meaning assigned to them in the referenced regulations.

SECTION I. GENERAL INFORMATION

The following general information is provided pursuant to ARM 17.8.1210(1).

Company Name: PPL Montana, LLC

Mailing Address: P.O. Box 38

City: Colstrip State: MT Zip: 59323

Plant Name: Colstrip Steam Electric Station

Plant Location: Section 2, Township 2 North, Range 41 East, Rosebud County, Montana

 Willow Avenue and Warehouse Road, Colstrip, Montana

Responsible Official: James M. Parker Phone: (406) 237-6900 

Alternative Responsible Official: Stephen J. Christian Phone: (406) 748-5019 

Facility Contact Person: Neil Dennehy Phone: (406) 748-5066

Primary SIC Code: 4911, Electric Services (NAICS Code: 221112)

Nature of Business: Coal-fired thermal power generation 

Description of Process: Four tangential coal-fired boilers and associated equipment for generation of 

electricity.
OP0513-07 2 Draft: 05/17/2011

SECTION II. SUMMARY OF EMISSION UNITS

The emission units regulated by this permit are the following (ARM 17.8.1211):

Emission 

Units ID Description Pollution Control Device/Practice

EU001 Unit #1 – Tangential Coal Fired Boiler Wet Venturi Scrubber

EU002 Unit #2 – Tangential Coal Fired Boiler Wet Venturi Scrubber

EU003 Unit #3 – Tangential Coal Fired Boiler Wet Venturi Scrubber

EU004 Unit #4 – Tangential Coal Fired Boiler Wet Venturi Scrubber

EU005 Auxiliary Propane Boiler (1 & 2) None

EU006 Building Heating Boiler (3 & 4) None

EU007 Coal Handling System (1 & 2)

Enclosed conveyors

Dust Suppressant

Telescopic Chute

EU008

Coal Handling System – (silos, distribution bin, surge pile 

tunnel, crushing and sampling house, and vacuum cleaning 

system) (3 & 4)

Fabric filters

EU009 Coal Piles (Wind Erosion) Sealant on some storage piles, Dust 

suppression system, Enclosures

EU010 Emergency Diesel Generators None

EU011 Internal Combustion Engines (Vehicles) None

EU012 Lime Handling System Pneumatic Unloading

EU013 Plant Roads Dust suppressant is applied annually 

and water is applied as needed

EU014 Process Ponds Material is wet

EU015 Underground Gasoline Tank None

EU016 Alternate Fuel Loading (Syn Coal & Pet Coke) Bin Vent, covered transfer operations

EU017 Tangential Coal Fired Units 1-4 Mercury Emissions Mercury oxidizer/sorbent

EU018 Mercury Oxidizer/Sorbent Handling Systems (Units 1-4) Bin Vent Filter
OP0513-07 3 Draft: 05/17/2011

SECTION III. PERMIT CONDITIONS

The following requirements and conditions are applicable to the facility or to specific emission units

located at the facility (ARM 17.8.1211, 1212, and 1213).

A. Facility-Wide

Conditions Rule Citation Rule Description Pollutant/Parameter Limit

A.1 ARM 17.8.105 Testing Requirements Testing Requirements -------

A.2 ARM 17.8.304(1) Visible Air Contaminants Opacity 40%

A.3 ARM 17.8.304(2) Visible Air Contaminants Opacity 20%

A.4 ARM 17.8.308(1) Particulate Matter, 

Airborne Fugitive Opacity 20%

A.5 ARM 17.8.308(2) Particulate Matter, 

Airborne Reasonable Precautions -------

A.6 ARM 17.8.308 Particulate Matter, 

Airborne

Reasonable Precaution, 

Construction 20%

A.7 ARM 17.8.309 Particulate Matter, Fuel 

Burning Equipment Particulate Matter E= 0.882 * H-0.1664 OrE= 1.026 * H-0.233

A.8 ARM 17.8.310 Particulate Matter, 

Industrial Processes Particulate Matter E= 4.10 * P0.67 orE= 55 * P0.11- 40

A.9 ARM 17.8.322(4) Sulfur Oxide Emissions, 

Sulfur in Fuel

Sulfur in Fuel (liquid or solid 

fuels) 1 lb/MMBtu fired

A.10 ARM 17.8.322(5) Sulfur Oxide Emissions, 

Sulfur in Fuel Sulfur in Fuel (gaseous) 50 gr/100 CF

A.11 ARM 17.8.324(3) Hydrocarbon Emissions, 

Petroleum Products Gasoline Storage Tanks -------

A.12 ARM 17.8.324 Hydrocarbon Emissions, 

Petroleum Products 65,000 Gallon Capacity -------

A.13 ARM 17.8.324 Hydrocarbon Emissions, 

Petroleum Products Oil-effluent Water Separator -------

A.14 ARM 17.8.342 NESHAPs General 

Provisions SSM Plans Submittal

A.15

Board of Health and 

Environmental 

Sciences (BHES) 

Findings of Fact and 

Conclusions of Law 

signed on November 

21, 1975; this 

requirement is “State 

Only”

Major Facility Siting Act 

(MFSA) Requirements 

Coal Utilized within Units #3 

and #4 As specified

A.16

CV-07-40-BLGRFC-CSO Consent Decree Various As specified

A.17

ARM 17.8.1211(1)(c) 

and 40 CFR Part 98 Greenhouse Gas Reporting Reporting -------

A.18 ARM 17.8.1212 Reporting Requirements Prompt Deviation Reporting -------

A.19 ARM 17.8.1212 Reporting Requirements Compliance Monitoring -------

A.20 ARM 17.8.1207 Reporting Requirements Annual Certification -------

Conditions

A.1. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.105, any person or persons responsible for the emissions of any air 

contaminant into the outdoor atmosphere shall, upon written request of the Department, provide 

the facilities and necessary equipment (including instruments and sensing devices) and shall 

conduct test, emission or ambient, for such periods of time as may be necessary using methods 

approved by the Department.
OP0513-07 4 Draft: 05/17/2011

Compliance demonstration frequencies that list “as required by the Department” refer to ARM 

17.8.105. In addition, for such sources, compliance with limits and conditions listing “as required 

by the Department” as the frequency, is verified annually using emission factors and engineering 

calculations by the Department’s compliance inspectors during the annual emission inventory 

review; in the case of Method 9 tests, compliance is monitored during the regular inspection by the 

compliance inspector.

A.2. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.304(1), PPL shall not cause or authorize emissions to be discharged into 

the outdoor atmosphere from any source installed on or before November 23, 1968, that exhibit an 

opacity of 40% or greater averaged over 6 consecutive minutes, unless otherwise specified by rule 

or in this permit.

A.3. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.304(2), PPL shall not cause or authorize emissions to be discharged into 

the outdoor atmosphere from any source installed after November 23, 1968, that exhibit an opacity 

of 20% or greater averaged over 6 consecutive minutes, unless otherwise specified by rule or in 

this permit.

A.4. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.308(1), PPL shall not cause or authorize the production, handling, 

transportation, or storage of any material unless reasonable precautions to control emissions of 

particulate matter (PM) are taken. Such emissions of airborne particulate matter from any 

stationary source shall not exhibit an opacity of 20% or greater averaged over 6 consecutive 

minutes, unless otherwise specified by rule or in this permit.

A.5. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.308(2), PPL shall not cause or authorize the use of any street, road or 

parking lot without taking reasonable precautions to control emissions of airborne particulate 

matter, unless otherwise specified by rule or in this permit.

A.6. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.308, PPL shall not operate a construction site or demolition project unless 

reasonable precautions are taken to control emissions of airborne PM. Such emissions of airborne 

PM from any stationary source shall not exhibit an opacity of 20% or greater averaged over 6 

consecutive minutes, unless otherwise specified by rule or in this permit.

A.7. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.309, unless otherwise specified by rule or in this permit, PPL shall not 

cause or authorize PM caused by the combustion of fuel to be discharged from any stack or 

chimney into the outdoor atmosphere in excess of the maximum allowable emissions of PM for 

existing fuel burning equipment and new fuel burning equipment calculated using the following 

equations:

For existing fuel burning equipment (installed before November 23, 1968): 

E =0.882 * H-0.1664

For new fuel burning equipment (installed on or after November 23, 1968):

E =1.026 * H-0.233

Where H is the heat input capacity in million British thermal units (MMBtu) per hour and E is the 

maximum allowable particulate emissions rate in pounds per MMBtu.

A.8. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.310, unless otherwise specified by rule or in this permit, PPL shall not 

cause or authorize PM to be discharged from any operation, process, or activity into the outdoor 

atmosphere in excess of the maximum hourly allowable emissions of PM calculated using the 

following equations:

For process weight rates up to 30 tons per hour: E = 4.10 * P0.67
OP0513-07 5 Draft: 05/17/2011

For process weight rates in excess of 30 tons per hour: E = 55.0 * P0.11– 40

Where E = rate of emissions in pounds per hour and p = process weight rate in tons per hour.

A.9. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.322(4), PPL shall not burn liquid or solid fuels containing sulfur in excess 

of 1 pound per MMBtu fired, unless otherwise specified by rule or in this permit.

A.10. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.322(5), PPL shall not burn any gaseous fuel containing sulfur compounds 

in excess of 50 grains per 100 cubic feet of gaseous fuel, calculated as hydrogen sulfide at 

standard conditions, unless otherwise specified by rule or in this permit.

A.11. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.324(3), PPL shall not load or permit the loading of gasoline into any 

stationary tank with a capacity of 250 gallons or more from any tank truck or trailer, except 

through a permanent submerged fill pipe, unless such tank is equipped with a vapor loss control 

device or is a pressure tank as described in ARM 17.8.324(1), unless otherwise specified by rule 

or in this permit.

A.12. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.324, unless otherwise specified by rule or in this permit, PPL shall not 

place, store or hold in any stationary tank, reservoir or other container of more than 65,000 gallon 

capacity any crude oil, gasoline or petroleum distillate having a vapor pressure of 2.5 pounds per 

square inch absolute or greater under actual storage conditions, unless such tank, reservoir or other 

container is a pressure tank maintaining working pressure sufficient at all times to prevent 

hydrocarbon vapor or gas loss to the atmosphere, or is designed and equipped with a vapor loss 

control device, properly installed, in good working order and in operation. 

A.13. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.324, unless otherwise specified by rule or in this permit, PPL shall not use 

any compartment of any single or multiple-compartment oil-effluent water separator, which 

compartment receives effluent water containing 200 gallons a day or more of any petroleum 

product from any equipment processing, refining, treating, storing or handling kerosene or other 

petroleum product of equal or greater volatility than kerosene, unless such compartment is 

equipped with a vapor loss control device, constructed so as to prevent emission of hydrocarbon 

vapors to the atmosphere, properly installed, in good working order and in operation. 

A.14. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.342 and 40 CFR 63.6, PPL shall submit to the Department a copy of any 

startup, shutdown, and malfunction (SSM) plan required under 40 CFR 63.6(e)(3) within 30 days 

of the effective date of this operating permit (if not previously submitted), within 30 days of the 

compliance date of any new National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants 

(NESHAPs) or Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) standard, and within 30 days 

of the revision of any such SSM plan, when applicable. The Department requests submittal of 

such plans in electronic form, when possible.

A.15. In accordance with the conditional certification of Colstrip Units #3 and #4 made pursuant to 

Section 70-810 (L), Revised Code of Montana (R.C.M) 1947 of the Major Facility Siting Act 

(MFSA), PPL shall utilize only coal from the Rosebud seam within Units #3 and #4 (Board of 

Health and Environmental Sciences (BHES) Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law signed on 

November 21, 1975; this requirement is “State Only”).

A.16. PPL shall comply with the following applicable terms of US EPA Consent Decree CV-07-40-

BLG-RFC-CSO (entered 5/14/07), and its Amendments, for the life of the Consent Decree (ARM 

17.8.1211):

a. Section IV: Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) Emission Reductions and Controls; 
OP0513-07 6 Draft: 05/17/2011

b. Section V: Prohibition on Netting Credits or Offsets from Required Controls;

c. Section VI: Relationship to PSD Permit;

d. Section X: Periodic Reporting;

e. Section XII: Force Majeure (excluding the stipulated penalty components);

f. Section XIV: Permits; and

g. Section XV: Information Collection and Retention.

A.17. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.1211(1)(c) and 40 CFR Part 98, PPL shall comply with requirements of 40 

CFR Part 98 – Mandatory Greenhouse Gas Reporting, as applicable (ARM 17.8.1211(1)(c), NOT 

an applicable requirement under Title V).

A.18. PPL shall promptly report deviations from permit requirements including those attributable to 

upset conditions, as upset is defined in the permit. To be considered prompt, deviations shall be 

reported to the Department using the schedule and content as described in Section V.E (unless 

otherwise specified in an applicable requirement) (ARM 17.8.1212).

A.19. On or before February 15 and August 15 of each year, PPL shall submit to the Department the 

compliance monitoring reports required by Section V.D. These reports must contain all 

information required by Section V.D, as well as the information required by each individual 

emissions unit. For the reports due by February 15 of each year, PPL may submit a single report, 

provided that it contains all the information required by Section V.B & V.D. Per ARM 17.8.1207, 

any application form, report, or compliance certification submitted 

pursuant to ARM Title 17, Chapter 8, Subchapter 12 (including 

semiannual monitoring reports), shall contain certification by a 

responsible official of truth, accuracy and completeness. This 

certification and any other certification required under ARM Title 17, 

Chapter 8, Subchapter 12, shall state that, “based on information and 

belief formed after reasonable inquiry, the statements and information 

in the document are true, accurate and complete.”

A.20. By February 15 of each year, PPL shall submit to the Department the compliance certification 

report required by Section V.B. The annual certification report required by Section V.B must 

include a statement of compliance based on the information available that identifies any observed, 

documented or otherwise known instance of noncompliance for each applicable requirement. Per 

ARM 17.8.1207,

any application form, report, or compliance certification submitted 

pursuant to ARM Title 17, Chapter 8, Subchapter 12 (including annual 

certifications), shall contain certification by a responsible official of 

truth, accuracy and completeness. This certification and any other 

certification required under ARM Title 17, Chapter 8, Subchapter 12, 

shall state that, “based on information and belief formed after 

reasonable inquiry, the statements and information in the document 

are true, accurate and complete.”
OP0513-07 7 Draft: 05/17/2011

B. EU001 and EU002 – Tangential Coal Fired Units 1 & 2 

Condition(s) Pollutant/Parameter Permit Limit Compliance Demonstration

Method Frequency

Reporting 

Requirements

B.1, B.4, B.13, 

B.14, B.24, 

B.25, B.28, 

B.29, B.30, 

B.32 & B.33

Opacity 20%/27%

COMS Ongoing Quarterly 

Method 9 As required by 

the Department 

and Section 

III.A.1

Semiannually

B.2, B.15, 

B.24, B.28, 

B.29, B.32 & 

B.33

PM 0.1 lb/MMBtu Method 5 or 5B Annual

B.3, B.4, B.5, 

B.17, B.18, 

B.19, B.24, 

B.26, B.28, 

B.29, B.32, 

B.33

SO2 1.2 lb/MMBtu Method 6 or 6C Annual Semiannually

CEMS Ongoing Quarterly 

B.3,B.4, B.5, 

B.7, B.16, 

B.18, B.19, 

B.24, B.26, 

B.28, B.29, 

B.32 & B.33

NOx 0.7 lb/MMBtu Method 7 or 7E Annual Semiannually

CEMS Ongoing Quarterly 

0.40 lb/MMBtu

(annual average)

40 CFR 72-78 

and Appendix H

As required by 

Appendix H

B.5, B.6, B.7, 

B.18, B.19, 

B.26, B.28, 

B.31 -B.33

Acid Rain Provisions 40 CFR 72-78 and 

Appendix H

40 CFR 72-78 

and Appendix H

As required by 

Appendix H

B.8, B.20, 

B.27, B.28, 

B.32, B.33

PM CAM Plan ARM 17.8.1506 Provisions from 

CAM Plan, 

Appendix I

Ongoing

B.9, B.21, 

B.28, B.32, 

B.33

Syncoal limit 700,800 tons/12-

month rolling

Log Ongoing Semiannually

B.10, B.22, 

B.28, B.32 & 

B.33

Petroleum coke limit 280,320 tons/12-

month rolling

Log Ongoing

B.11, B.22, 

B.28, B.32 & 

B.33

Petroleum coke limit 28% of maximum 

heat input value

Log Ongoing

B.12, B.23, 

B.28, B.32, 

B.33

Scrubbers Maintain & Operate Log Daily

Conditions

B.1. PPL shall not cause or authorize to be discharged into the atmosphere from Units 1 & 2 any 

visible emissions that exhibit an opacity of 20% or greater averaged over 6 consecutive minutes

except for one 6-minute period per hour of not greater than 27% opacity (ARM 17.8.340 and 40 

CFR 60, Subpart D).

B.2. PPL shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere PM in excess of 0.10 lb/MMBtu, as 

averaged over 3 hours (minimum) of reference method testing (40 CFR §52.21, ARM 17.8.340,

and 40 CFR 60, Subpart D).

B.3. Any gaseous emissions discharged into the atmosphere shall not exceed 1.2 lb/MMBtu Sulfur 

Dioxide (SO2) and 0.7 lb/MMBtu NOx (ARM 17.8.340 and 40 CFR 60, Subpart D).
OP0513-07 8 Draft: 05/17/2011

B.4. PPL shall install, operate, calibrate and maintain continuous emission monitoring systems 

(CEMS) for the following:

a. A CEMS for the measurement of SO2 shall be operated on each stack (ARM 17.8.340 and 40 

CFR 60.45);

b. A CEMS for the measurement of NOx shall be operated on each stack (ARM 17.8.340 and 40 

CFR 60.45);

c. A CEMS for the measurement of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) shall be operated on each stack 

(ARM 17.8.340 and 40 CFR 60.45);

d. A CEMS for the measurement of opacity shall be operated on each stack (ARM 17.8.340 and 

40 CFR 60.45); and

e. Continuous monitoring for stack gas temperature, stack gas moisture (where necessary), 

megawatt production, and Btu per hour shall be performed on each unit (40 CFR 52.21).

B.5. PPL shall comply with all requirements in the Acid Rain Appendix H of this permit including the 

operation and maintenance of the SO2 and NOx CEMS (ARM 17.8.1210(3)).

B.6. Emissions shall not be permitted in excess of any allowances that PPL lawfully holds under Title 

IV of the FCAA or the regulations promulgated thereunder (ARM 17.8.1210(3)(a)).

a. A permit revision is not required for increases in emissions authorized by allowances 

acquired pursuant to the acid rain program, provided that such increases do not require a 

permit revision under any other applicable requirement (ARM 17.8.1210(3)(b)).

b. PPL may not use allowances as a defense to noncompliance with any other applicable 

requirement (ARM 17.8.1210(3)(c)).

c. Any allowances shall be accounted for according to the procedures established in regulations 

promulgated under Title IV of the FCAA (ARM 17.8.1210(3)(d)).

B.7. Pursuant to 40 CFR §76.7, PPL shall not discharge or allow to be discharged, emissions of NOx

to the atmosphere in excess of 0.40 lb/MMBtu on an annual average basis (40 CFR §76.7(a)).

B.8. PPL shall provide a reasonable assurance of compliance with emission limitations or standards 

for the anticipated range of operations of the Tangential Coal-Fired Boilers, Units 1 & 2 for PM

(ARM 17.8.1504).

B.9. PPL shall limit Units 1 & 2 to a maximum of 700,800 tons of Syncoal during any rolling 12-

month period (ARM 17.8.752).

B.10. PPL shall limit Units 1 & 2 to a maximum of 280,320 tons of petroleum coke during any rolling 

12-month period (ARM 17.8.749).

B.11. PPL shall be limited to a maximum fuel use of 28% petroleum coke for each of the Units 1 & 2, 

based on the maximum heat input value of the units (ARM 17.8.749).

B.12. PPL shall maintain and operate the scrubbers to control emissions on Units 1 & 2 (ARM 

17.8.749).
OP0513-07 9 Draft: 05/17/2011

Compliance Demonstration

B.13. PPL shall perform a Method 9 test on the boilers as required by the Department and Section 

III.A.1 while the boilers are in operation to monitor compliance with the opacity limitation in 

Section III.B.1. The testing shall be performed in accordance with the Montana Source Test 

Protocol and Procedures Manual or another method approved by the Department (ARM 17.8.749 

and ARM 17.8.106).

B.14. PPL shall operate and maintain the continuous opacity monitor (COM) to monitor compliance 

with the opacity limitation in Section III.B.1. The operation and maintenance shall be performed 

in accordance with the Opacity CEMS Appendix E of this permit (ARM 17.8.749).

B.15. PPL shall perform a Method 5 or 5B PM test annually during periods the equipment is in 

operation to monitor compliance with the PM limit in Section III.B.2. The testing shall be 

performed in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 

17.8.749 and ARM 17.8.106).

B.16. PPL shall perform a Method 7 or 7E annually during periods of boiler operation to monitor 

compliance with the NOx limit in Section III.B.3. The testing shall be performed in accordance 

with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.749 and ARM 

17.8.106).

B.17. PPL shall perform a Method 6 or 6C annually during periods of boiler operation to monitor 

compliance with the SO2 limit in Section III.B.3. The testing shall be performed in accordance 

with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.749 and ARM 

17.8.106).

B.18. PPL shall monitor compliance with emission limits in Section III.B.3 pursuant to the 

requirements in 40 CFR Part 75, 40 CFR Part 76, SO2 CEMS Appendix F, and the NOx CEMS 

Appendix G of this permit (ARM 17.8.1213).

B.19. PPL shall monitor compliance with the Acid Rain Provisions according to 40 CFR 72-78 and 

Appendix H of this permit, including monitoring as described in the SO2 CEMS Appendix F and 

NOx CEMS Appendix G of this permit (ARM 40 CFR 72-78).

B.20. PPL shall monitor compliance by following the Compliance Assurance Monitoring (CAM) Plan 

(Appendix I). The CAM Plan, written by Colstrip in accordance with ARM 17.8.1504 is 

summarized in Appendix I and is available in full upon request by the Department or the facility 

(ARM 17.8.1503 and ARM 17.8.1213).

B.21. PPL shall document, by month, the amount of Syncoal used. By the 25th day of each month, 

Colstrip shall total the amount of Syncoal used in Units 1 & 2 during the previous month. The 

monthly information will be used to verify compliance with the rolling 12-month limitation in 

Section III.B.9. The information for each of the previous months shall be submitted along with 

the annual emission inventory (ARM 17.8.749).

B.22. PPL shall document, by month, the amount of petroleum coke used. By the 25th day of each 

month, Colstrip shall total the amount of petroleum coke used in Units 1 & 2 during the previous 

month. The monthly information will be used to verify compliance with the rolling 12-month 

limitation in Section III.B.10. In addition, this monthly information will be used to verify 

compliance with the limitation on percentage of petroleum coke (based on the maximum heat 

input value of each unit) combusted in Units 1 & 2, to verify compliance with Section III.B.11. 

The information for each of the previous months shall be submitted along with the annual 

emission inventory (ARM 17.8.749).
OP0513-07 10 Draft: 05/17/2011

B.23. PPL shall maintain records of scrubber maintenance and operation to monitor compliance with 

Section III.B.12 (ARM 17.8.749). 

Recordkeeping

B.24. All source testing recordkeeping shall be performed in accordance with the Montana Source Test 

Protocol and Procedures Manual, and shall be maintained on site. Method 9 source test reports 

for opacity need not be submitted unless requested by the Department (ARM 17.8.106).

B.25. Records shall be prepared and data kept in accordance with the Opacity CEMS Appendix E of 

this permit (ARM 17.8.1212).

B.26. Records shall be prepared and data kept in accordance with 40 CFR Part 75 and Appendix H of 

this permit, the SO2 CEMS Appendix F, and the NOx CEMS Appendix G of this permit (ARM 

17.8.1212 and 40 CFR 72-78).

B.27. Records shall be prepared and date kept in accordance with 40 CFR Part 64 and the CAM 

Appendix I of this permit (ARM 17.8.1212 and 40 CFR 64).

B.28. PPL shall maintain, under their control, all records required for compliance monitoring as a 

permanent business record for at least 5 years. Furthermore, the records must be available at the 

plant site for inspection by the Department and EPA, and must be submitted to the Department 

upon request (ARM 17.8.1212).

Reporting

B.29. The Method 5, Method 5B, Method 6, Method 6C, Method 7, Method 7E, and Method 9 test 

reports as specified in Section III.B.13, 15, 16, and 17 shall be submitted in accordance with the 

Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.106).

B.30. Reporting for the opacity CEMS shall be performed according to Appendix E of this permit 

(ARM 17.8.1212).

B.31. Reporting for the Acid Rain Provisions shall be performed according to 40 CFR 72-78 and 

Appendix H of this permit (40 CFR 72-78).

B.32. The annual compliance certification report required by Section V.B must contain a certification 

statement for the above applicable requirements (ARM 17.8.1212). 

B.33. The semiannual monitoring report shall provide (ARM 17.8.1212):

a. A summary of results of any Method 9, Method 5, or 5B, Method 6 or 6C, and Method 7 or 

7E tests conducted during the period; the actual test reports for Method 9 need only be 

submitted to the Department, upon request, as specified by Section III.B.24;

b. Certification of submittal of opacity CEMS reports;

c. Certification of compliance with 40 CFR 75, Opacity CEMS Appendix E, SO2 Appendix F, 

and NOx Appendix G; 

d. Certification of compliance with 40 CFR 64 (CAM), Appendix I; and
OP0513-07 11 Draft: 05/17/2011

e. Certification that PPL has maintained reports of any required monitoring performed during the 

reporting period, with all instances of deviations from any permit requirements identified.
OP0513-07 12 Draft: 05/17/2011

C. EU003 and EU004 – Tangential Coal Fired Units 3 & 4 

Condition(s) Pollutant/Parameter Permit Limit Compliance Demonstration

Method Frequency

Reporting 

Requirements

C.1, C.21, C.24, 

C.25, C.36, 

C.41, C.42, 

C.45, C.47 –

C.50

Opacity 20%/27% COMS Ongoing Quarterly 

Method 9 As required by the 

Department and 

Section III.A.1

Semiannually

C.2, C.3, C.4, 

C.26, C.42, C.47 

– C.49

PM 0.05 lb/MMBtu Method 5 or 

Method 5B

Annual

379 lb/hr

0.10 lb/MMBtu

C.4 – C.8, C.21, 

C.27, C.28, 

C.36, C.42, 

C.43, C.45, C.47 

– C.50

SO2 1.2 lb/MMBtu Method 6 or 6C Annual

0.18 lb/MMBtu 

(calendar day 

average)

CEMS Ongoing Quarterly 

761 lb/hr (30 day 

rolling average)

1363 lb/hr 

(calendar day 

average)

4140 lb/hr (3-hr 

rolling average)

C.9, C.29, C.38, 

C.42, C.47 –

C.50

% sulfur 1% sulfur content 

of coal

Composite coal 

samples in 

accordance with 

Method 19

Ongoing Semiannually

C.4, C.10, C.11, 

C.12, C.21, 

C.30, C.31, 

C.32, C.36, 

C.39, C.42, 

C.43, C.45, 

C.47-C.50

NOx 0.7 lb/MMBtu Method 7 or 7E Annual

CEMS Ongoing Quarterly 

5301 lb/hr

0.40 lb/MMBtu 

(annual average)

40 CFR 72-78 

and Appendix H

As required by 

Appendix H

E=0.2x+0.3y=0.7z

x + y + z

Emissions limit 

calculations

When burning fuel 

other than coal

Semiannually

C.13, C.31, 

C.36, C.43, 

C.45, C.47-

C.50

NO2 0.7 lb/MMBtu 

(calendar day 

average)

CEMS Ongoing Quarterly 

C.14, C.17, 

C.31, C.36, 

C.43, C.45, 

C.47- C.50

NOx(30-day rolling 

average)

0.18 lb/MMBtu if 

unit operating > 

400 MW 

CEMS Ongoing

0.30 lb/MMBtu if 

unit operating 

=<400 MW

1,363 lb/hr

NOx(24-hour average) 0.25 lb/MMBtu if 

unit operating > 

400 MW 

0.30 lb/MMBtu if 

unit operating 

=<400 MW

1,893 lb/hr

C.15, C.16,

C.33, C.40, C.47 

– C.49

NOx Control Operate digital 

controls, low-NOx

burners, overfire 

air

Documentation Ongoing Semiannually

C.18, C.33, 

C.40, C.47 –

C.49

NOx Control Classification, 

BART, visibility, 

and Baseline 

Visibility

As required by 

EPA

As required by 

EPA

As required by 

EPA

C.19, C.20, 

C.34, C.43, 

C.44, C.47–C.49

Acid Rain Provisions 40 CFR 72-78 and 

Appendix H

40 CFR 72-78 

and Appendix H

As required by 

Appendix H

Quarterly
OP0513-07 13 Draft: 05/17/2011

C.21, C.36, 

C.41, C.43, 

C.45, C.47 –

C.50

SO2 CEMS Install, Operate 

and Maintain

Ongoing Quarterly 

NOx

CO2

Opacity

C.22, C.35, C.47 

– C.50

Heat Input 6.63 x 107

MMBtu/yr

Coal analysis 

and tonnage

Monthly

log Monthly

C.21, C.36, 

C.43, C.45, C.47 

– C.50

Stack Parameters Measure stack 

parameters

Monitor stack 

gas temperature, 

moisture, Mwatt 

production and 

Btu/hr

Ongoing

C.23, C.37, C.46 

– C.49

PM CAM Plan ARM 17.8.1506 Provisions from 

CAM Plan, 

Appendix I

Ongoing

Conditions

C.1. PPL shall not cause or authorize to be discharged into the atmosphere from Units 3 & 4 any 

visible emissions that exhibit an opacity of 20% or greater averaged over 6 consecutive minutes 

except for one 6-minute period per hour of not greater than 27% opacity (ARM 17.8.340 and 40 

CFR 60, Subpart D).

C.2. PPL shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere PM in excess of 0.05 lb/MMBtu, as 

averaged over 3 hours (minimum) of reference method testing (40 CFR § 52.21). 

C.3. PPL shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere PM in excess of 379 lb/hr (ARM 

17.8.749).

C.4. Any gaseous emissions discharged into the atmosphere from burning coal shall not exceed 0.10 

lb/MMBtu PM, 1.2 lb/MMBtu SO2 and 0.7 lb/MMBtu NOx (ARM 17.8.340 and 40 CFR 60, 

Subpart D).

C.5. PPL shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere SO2 at a rate of 0.18 lb/MMBtu heat 

input, averaged over any calendar day, not to be exceeded more than once during any calendar 

month (40 CFR § 52.21).

C.6. PPL shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere SO2 at a rate of 761 lb/hr, averaged over 

any rolling 30-day period, calculated each day at midnight, using hourly data calculated each hour 

on the hour (40 CFR § 52.21).

C.7. PPL shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere SO2 at a rate of 1363 lb/hr, averaged 

over any calendar day, not to be exceeded more than once during any calendar month (40 CFR § 

52.21).

C.8. PPL shall be limited to a maximum of 4140 lb/hr of SO2 averaged over a 3-hr rolling period from 

both Units 3 &d 4 stacks combined (ARM 17.8.749).

C.9. PPL shall be limited to a sulfur content in coal of 1% (ARM 17.8.749 and BHES Findings of Fact 

and Conclusions of Law signed on November 21, 1975; this requirement is “State Only”).

PPL has developed a contingency plan for blending coal to achieve the 1.0% (sulfur as received 

basis) limit. Implementation of the plan will not be required unless the coal exceeds the “worst 

case coal” design criteria, which is a heat content of less than 8162 Btu/lb, and ash content of 

greater than 12.5% and a sulfur content greater than 1% all on an as-received basis.
OP0513-07 14 Draft: 05/17/2011

C.10. Pursuant to 40 CFR §76.7, PPL shall not discharge or allow discharged emissions of NOx to the 

atmosphere in excess of 0.40 lb/MMBtu on an annual average basis (40 CFR §76.7(a)).

C.11. PPL shall be limited to 5301 lb/hr of NOx from each of the tangential coal fired boilers, Units 3 &

4 (ARM 17.8.749).

C.12. Any gaseous NOx emissions discharged into the atmosphere when burning fuel other than coal 

shall not exceed (ARM 17.8.749):

E = 0.2x + 0.3y + 0.7z

x + y + z

where: E = allowable emissions in lb/MMBtu heat input

x = fraction of total heat input derived from gaseous fuels

y = fraction of total heat input derived from liquid fuels

z = fraction of total heat input derived fro solid fuels.

C.13. PPL shall not cause to be discharged into the atmosphere NOx expressed as NO2 at a rate of 0.7 

lb/MMBtu, averaged over any calendar day (40 CFR §52.21).

C.14. Beginning January 1, 2008, for Unit 3 and January 19, 2010, for Unit 4, PPL shall not exceed any 

of the following NOx emission limits from Units 3 or 4 (ARM 17.8.749, Consent Decree CV-07-

40-BLG-RFC-CSO entered 5/14/07 and Stipulation to Consent Decree CV-07-40-BLG-RFCCSO entered 12/22/09): 

a. 30-day rolling average emission rate of:

i. 0.18 lb/MMBtu weighted average for each hour that either unit is operating above 400 

gross megawatts (MW); and

ii. 0.30 lb/MMBtu weighted average for each hour that either unit is operating at or below 

400 gross MW

b. 1,363 lb/hr 30-day rolling average emission rate for each unit

c. 24-hour average emission rate (for each Operating Day) of:

i. 0.25 lb/MMBtu weighted average for each hour that either unit is operating above 400 

gross MW; and

ii. 0.30 lb/MMBtu weighted average for each hour that either unit is operating at or below 

400 gross MW

d. 1,893 lb/hr 24-hour average emission rate (for each Operating Day) for each unit.

For the purposes of this section, if a unit is operating above 400 MW for part of one hour and at 

or below 400 MW for the remainder of that hour, the applicable emissions limits shall be based 

on the average load for the hour. In addition, the emission rates for this condition are considered 

for an “Operating Day” as defined in the Consent Decree entered 5/14/07 (CV-07-40-BLG-RFCCSO), except for the purposes of the Montana Air Quality Permits (MAQP), “Operating Day”

means any calendar day (midnight to midnight) in which any fuel is combusted in the unit.
OP0513-07 15 Draft: 05/17/2011

C.15. PPL shall operate digital controls, low-NOx burners and overfire air on Unit 3 sufficient to meet 

the emissions limits in Section III.C.14 (ARM 17.8.749 and Consent Decree CV-07-40-BLGRFC-CSO entered 5/14/07).

C.16. By January 1, 2009, PPL shall complete the final design and by January 19, 2010, PPL shall 

install and operate digital controls, low-NOx burners and overfire air on Unit 4 sufficient to meet 

the Unit 4 emissions limits in Section III.C.14 (ARM 17.8.749, Consent Decree CV-07-40-BLGRFC-CSO entered 5/14/07 and Stipulation to Consent Decree CV-07-40-BLG-RFC-CSO entered 

12/22/09).

C.17. The Unit 3 & 4 NOx emission limits specified in Section III.C.14 shall apply at all times, 

including periods of start-up, shutdown, load fluctuation, maintenance and malfunction, 

regardless of cause (ARM 17.8.749 and Consent Decree CV-07-40-BLG-RFC-CSO entered 

5/14/07).

C.18. Should the Northern Cheyenne Reservation be redesignated to any PSD classification less 

stringent than Class I, the following conditions in Section III.C.18 shall be of no force and effect. 

However, any control designed and implemented pursuant to Section III.C.18 shall remain 

operable.

At such time as EPA promulgates requirements for Best Available Retrofit Technology (BART) 

for NOx control under the Clean Air Act, PPL shall review Colstrip Units 3 & 4 for 

implementation of BART for NOx control. PPL shall submit this analysis and recommendation 

for appropriate control to EPA for review and approval. This BART determination by EPA shall 

be subject to a formal hearing on the record after due notice to PPL and the Northern Cheyenne 

Tribe. The determination of what constitutes BART shall be specific to Units 3 & 4 and shall 

take into consideration the costs of compliance, the energy and non-air quality environmental 

impacts of compliance, any existing pollution control technology in use at the source, the 

remaining useful life of the source, and the degree of improvement in visibility which may 

reasonably be anticipated to result from the use of such technology. Failure to implement those 

control measures found to constitute BART shall be a violation of this permit. Compliance with 

the requirements of the consent decree entered 5/14/07 is deemed to satisfy this above 

requirement (Consent Decree CV-07-40-BLG-RFC-CSO entered 5/14/07, EPA PSD Permit, and 

40 CFR §52.21).

If there is a perceptible particulate plume on the Northern Cheyenne Tribe Reservation, as 

observed by an impartial observer designated by EPA, PPL shall review Units 3 & 4 for 

implementation of BART for PM control. PPL shall submit this analysis and a recommendation 

for appropriate control to EPA for review and approval. This BART determination by EPA shall 

be subject to a formal hearing on the record after due notice to PPL and the Northern Cheyenne 

Tribe. The determination of what constitutes BART shall be specific to Units 3 & 4 and shall 

take into consideration the costs of compliance, the energy and non-air quality environmental 

impacts of compliance, any existing pollution control technology in use at the source, the 

remaining useful life of the source, and the degree of improvement in visibility which may 

reasonably be anticipated to result from the use of such technology. Failure to implement those 

control measures found to constitute BART shall be a violation of this permit (EPA PSD Permit 

and 40 CFR §52.21).

C.19. PPL shall comply with all requirements in the Acid Rain Appendix H of this permit (ARM 

17.8.1210).

C.20. Emissions shall not be permitted in excess of any allowances that PPL lawfully holds under Title 

IV of the FCAA or the regulations promulgated thereunder (ARM 17.8.1210(3)(a)).
OP0513-07 16 Draft: 05/17/2011

a. A permit revision is not required for increases in emissions authorized by allowances 

acquired pursuant to the acid rain program, provided that such increases do not require a 

permit revision under any other applicable requirement (ARM 17.8.1210(3)(b)).

b. PPL may not use allowances as a defense to noncompliance with any other applicable 

requirement (ARM 17.8.1210(3)(c)).

c. Any allowances shall be accounted for according to the procedures established in regulations 

promulgated under Title IV of the FCAA (ARM 17.8.1210(3)(d)).

C.21. PPL shall install, operate, calibrate and maintain CEMS for the following:

a. A CEMS for the measurement of SO2 shall be operated on each stack (ARM 17.8.340 and 40 

CFR 60.45);

b. A CEMS for the measurement of NOx shall be operated on each stack (ARM 17.8.340 and 40 

CFR 60.45);

c. A CEMS for the measurement of CO2 or oxygen shall be operated on each stack (ARM 

17.8.340 and 40 CFR 60.45);

d. A CEMS for the measurement of opacity shall be operated on each stack (ARM 17.8.340 and 

40 CFR 60.45); and

e. Continuous monitoring for stack gas temperature, stack gas moisture (where necessary), 

megawatt production, and Btu per hour shall be performed on each unit (40 CFR 52.21).

f. PPL shall maintain the data acquisition system such that load data in megawatts is recorded 

no less than once per minute (ARM 17.8.749 and Consent Decree CV-07-40-BLG-RFC-CSO 

entered 5/14/07). 

C.22. PPL shall not exceed the heat input value of 6.63 x 107 MMBtu/yr averaged over any rolling 12-

month period (ARM 17.8.749).

C.23. PPL shall provide a reasonable assurance of compliance with emission limitations or standards 

for the anticipated range of operations at the Tangential Coal-fired Boilers, Units 3 & 4 for PM 

(ARM 17.8.1504).

Compliance Demonstration

C.24. PPL shall perform a Method 9 test or another method approved by the Department to monitor 

compliance with the opacity limitation in Section III.C.1. The testing shall be performed in 

accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.749 and 

ARM 17.8.106). 

C.25. PPL shall operate and maintain the opacity CEM to monitor compliance with the opacity 

limitation in Section III.C.1. according to the Opacity CEMS Appendix E (Arm 17.8.1213).

C.26. PPL shall perform a Method 5 or Method 5B PM test, or another method approved by the 

Department, on the boilers annually to monitor compliance with the PM fuel burning limitation in 

Section III.C.2 and III.C.3. The testing shall be performed in accordance with the Montana Source 

Test Protocol and Procedures Manual and the heat input must be calculated in accordance with 40 

CFR Part 75 Appendix F, §5. Procedures for Heat Input (ARM 17.8.106 and 40 CFR Part 75 

Appendix F).
OP0513-07 17 Draft: 05/17/2011

C.27. PPL shall perform a Method 6 or 6C annually, to monitor compliance with the SO2 limit in 

Section III.C.4. Heat input must be calculated in accordance with 40 CFR Part 75 Appendix F, 

§5. Procedures for Heat Input (ARM 17.8.1213 and 40 CFR Part 75 Appendix F).

C.28. PPL shall operate and maintain the SO2 CEMS in accordance with the SO2 CEMS Appendix F of 

this permit (ARM 17.8.1213).

C.29. Compliance with the sulfur in coal limit in Section III.C.9 shall be based on available daily 

composite coal samples as measured by 40 CFR 60, Appendix A Method 19 or another sampling 

schedule as approved by the Department (ARM 17.8.1213 and BHES Findings of Fact and 

Conclusions of Law signed on November 21, 1975; this requirement is “State Only”).

C.30. PPL shall perform a Method 7 or 7E annually, to monitor compliance with the NOx limit in 

Section III.C.4. Heat input must be calculated in accordance with 40 CFR Part 75 Appendix F, 

§5. Procedures for Heat Input (ARM 17.8.1213 and 40 CFR Part 75 Appendix F).

C.31. PPL shall operate and maintain the NOx CEMS in accordance with the NOx CEMS Appendix G of 

this permit (ARM 17.8.1213).

C.32. PPL shall maintain a log of any exceedence of NOx when burning fuel other than coal as required 

by Section III.C.12. The Department will compare the calculated emission limit with the results 

from the NOx CEMS (ARM 17.8.1213).

C.33. PPL shall monitor compliance with Section III.C.18 as required by EPA in the consent decree 

entered May 14, 2007. As part of these requirements, PPL will maintain records demonstrating 

compliance with the NOx emission control requirements contained in Section III.C.15 & C.16

(ARM 17.8.1213, ARM 17.8.749, and Consent Decree CV-07-40-BLG-RFC-CSO entered 

5/14/07).

C.34. PPL shall monitor compliance with Section III.C.19 and 20 as required by Appendix H – Acid 

Rain Appendix (ARM 17.8.1213 and Appendix H).

C.35. Compliance with the heat input limit of Section III.C.22 shall be monitored based on the total tons 

of coal combusted in each of the boilers multiplied by a representative average Btu content for the 

coal. PPL shall document, by month, the total fuel combusted in each boiler. By the 25th day of 

each month, PPL shall calculate the tons of coal combusted for the previous month. The monthly 

information will be used to verify compliance with the rolling 12-month limitation in Section 

III.C.22. The information for each of the previous months shall be submitted along with the 

annual emission inventory. The coal analysis shall be done as required by the NOx CEMS 

Appendix G, Section 5, 6, and 7 (ARM 17.8.1213).

C.36. All continuous monitors shall be operated, excess emissions reported, and performance tests 

conducted, in accordance with the requirements of 40 CFR Part 60, Subpart D, 40 CFR 60.7, 60.8, 

60.11, 60.13, and 40 CFR 60 Appendix B Performance Specifications #1, #2, and #3 subject to the 

following:

a. The requirements of 40 CFR 60.48Da – Compliance Provisions (40 CFR 60, Subpart Da) 

shall apply to Units 3 & 4 (40 CFR § 52.21);

b. The requirements of 40 CFR 60.49Da – Emissions Monitoring (40 CFR 60, Subpart Da) shall 

apply to Units 3 & 4 (40 CFR § 52.21);
OP0513-07 18 Draft: 05/17/2011

c. The requirements of 40 CFR 60.50Da – Compliance Determination Procedure and Methods 

(40 CFR 60, Subpart Da) shall apply to Units 3 & 4 (40 CFR § 52.21);

d. The requirements of 40 CFR 60.51Da – Reporting Requirements (40 CFR 60, Subpart Da) 

shall apply to Units 3 & 4 (40 CFR § 52.21);

e. PPL shall operate the required monitors in accordance with the CEMS quality assurance 

(QA) plan submitted to the EPA in May 1998, unless an updated plan is accepted by the EPA. 

This plan may be revised by PPL with approval of the Department (40 CFR § 52.21);

f. Compliance requirements of 40 CFR 60.11(a) shall be amended per Section III.C.21 (40 CFR 

§ 52.21);

g. Each monitor modular part (i.e., opacity, SO2, NOx, diluent, and data handling units) of a 

continuous monitoring system shall attain a minimum annual on-line availability time of 85% 

on a minimal quarterly availability of 75% for each individual quarter. Should any given 

yearly or quarterly availability time drop below these respective limits, PPL shall, within 90 

days of the end of the first unexcused year or quarter, cause to be delivered to the facility 

factory tested and compatible monitor module(s) which had unacceptable availability times, 

unless PPL can excuse the unacceptable performance by demonstrating within ten calendar 

days of the end of such year or quarter, that the reason for the poor availability time has not 

caused another previous occurrence of unacceptable availability in question will be prevented 

in the future by a more effective maintenance/inventory program (40 CFR § 52.21);

h. Upon two non-overlapping periods of unexcused, unacceptable availability of a module 

(yearly, quarterly or combination), PPL shall within 30 days of the end of the year or quarter 

of the second unacceptable availability period, install, calibrate, operate, maintain, and report 

emission data using the second compatible module required by (g) above (40 CFR § 52.21);

i. Within 60 days of the year of the quarter causing the second unacceptable availability period 

under Section (h) above PPL shall conduct a complete performance evaluation of the entire 

CEMS for that pollutant under 40 CFR 60.13(c) showing acceptability of the entire CEMS in 

question unless the module was the data handling unit alone. Within 75 days of the end of 

the year or quarter causing the second unacceptable availability period, PPL shall furnish the 

Department with a written report of such evaluations and tests demonstrating acceptability of 

the system (40 CFR § 52.21); and

j. In the event of a conflict between the requirements of the referenced federal regulations and 

the requirements of this permit shall apply.

C.37. PPL shall monitor compliance by following the CAM Plan (Appendix I). The CAM Plan, written 

by PPL in accordance with ARM 17.8.1504, is summarized in Appendix I and is available in full 

upon request by the Department or the facility (ARM 17.8.1503 and ARM 17.8.1213).

Recordkeeping

C.38. PPL shall maintain, on site, a log of the results of the daily composite coal samples as required by 

Section III.C.29 and submit them to the Department upon request (ARM 17.8.1212).

C.39. PPL shall maintain, on site, a log to record the emission limit calculations when burning fuel other 

than coal (ARM 17.8.1212).
OP0513-07 19 Draft: 05/17/2011

C.40. PPL shall complete all recordkeeping for Section III.C.18 and III.C.33 as required by EPA (ARM 

17.8.1212).

C.41. Records shall be prepared and data kept in accordance with the Opacity CEMS Appendix E of this 

permit (ARM 17.8.1212).

C.42. All source-testing recordkeeping shall be performed in accordance with the Montana Source Test 

Protocol and Procedures Manual, and shall be maintained on site. Method 9 source test reports for 

opacity need not be submitted unless requested by the Department (ARM 17.8.106).

C.43. Records shall be prepared and data kept in accordance with 40 CFR Part 75 and Acid Rain 

Appendix H, the SO2 CEMS Appendix F, and the NOx CEMS Appendix G of this permit (ARM 

17.8.1212 and 40 CFR 72-78).

C.44. PPL shall complete all recordkeeping for Section III.C.19 and 20 as required by the Acid Rain 

Appendix H in this permit (ARM 17.8.1212).

C.45. PPL shall maintain on-site records for the CEMS and the stack parameter data as required in 

Section III.C.36 (ARM 17.8.1212).

C.46. Records shall be prepared and data kept in accordance with 40 CFR Part 64 and the CAM 

Appendix I of this permit (ARM 17.8.1212 and 40 CFR 64).

C.47. PPL shall maintain, under their control, all records required for compliance monitoring as a 

permanent business record for at least 5 years. Furthermore, the records must be available at the 

plant site for inspection by the Department and EPA, and must be submitted to the Department 

upon request (ARM 17.8.1212).

Reporting

C.48. The annual compliance certification report required by Section V.B must contain a certification 

statement for the above applicable requirements (ARM 17.8.1212). 

C.49. The semiannual monitoring report shall provide (ARM 17.8.1212):

a. Certification that the log of daily composite coal samples is maintained;

b. A summary of any Method 9, 5, 5B, 6, 6C, 7, or 7E test conducted during the period; the 

actual test report for Method 9 tests need only be submitted to the Department, upon request, 

as specified by Section III.C.24;

c. Certification of submittal of excess emissions and monitoring systems performance reports in 

accordance with the CEMS Appendix E., F., and G;

d. Certification of compliance with 40 CFR Part 75 and Acid Rain Appendix H, Opacity CEMS 

Appendix E, SO2 CEMS Appendix F, and NOx CEMS Appendix G;

e. A summary of the stack parameter data and any other reports as required by Section III.C.45;

f. A summary of the log required by Section III.C.32;

g. Certification of compliance with 40 CFR Part 64 (CAM) - Appendix I of this permit; and
OP0513-07 20 Draft: 05/17/2011

h. Certification that PPL has maintained reports of any required monitoring performed during 

the reporting period, with all instances of deviations from any permit requirements identified.

C.50. PPL shall submit a written report of excess emission and monitoring system performance as 

required by 40 CFR 60.7(c). For the purposes of the report, excess emission shall be defined as 

any 6-minute, 3-hour, 24-hour, or 30-day period as applicable, which the average emissions of the 

period of concern for opacity, NOx, SO2, as measured by the CEMS, exceed the applicable 

emissions for the periods as follows:

a. 6-minute average applies to each 6-minute non-overlapping period starting on the hour;

b. 3-hour period applies to any running 3-hour period containing 3 contiguous one-hour periods, 

starting on the hour;

c. 24-hour period applies to any calendar day; and

d. 30-day period applies to any running period of 30 consecutive calendar days.

C.51. PPL shall submit the following information along with the excess emission reports:

a. The fuel feed rate and associated production figures corresponding to all periods of excess 

emissions (40 CFR §52.21);

b. The proximate analysis of the weekly composite sample of the fuel fired in each unit (40 CFR 

§52.21); and

c. Date, time and initial calibration values for each required calibration adjustment made on any 

monitor during the quarter, including any time in which the monitor was removed or 

inoperable for any reason (40 CFR §52.21).
OP0513-07 21 Draft: 05/17/2011

D. EU005 – Auxiliary Propane Boiler

Condition(s) Pollutant/Parameter Permit Limit Compliance Demonstration

Method Frequency

Reporting 

Requirements

D.1, D.6, D.9, 

D.11, D.12

Boiler Operation Notification and 

log book

When in

operation

Semiannually

D.2, D.7, D.8, 

D.9, D.10, 

D.11, D.12

Opacity 20% Method 9 As required by 

the Department 

and Section 

III.A.1

Recordkeeping Semiannually

D.3, D.7, D.9, 

D.11, D.12

PM 0.28 lb/MMBtu Recordkeeping Semiannually

D.4, D.7, D.8, 

D.9, D.10, 

D.11, D.12

PM from fuel combustion E=1.026*E-0.233 Method 5 As required by 

the Department 

and Section 

III.A.1

Recordkeeping Semiannually

D.5, D.7, D.9, 

D.11, D.12

Sulfur in fuel 1 lb sulfur/ 

MMBtu

Recordkeeping Semiannually

Conditions

D.1. PPL shall notify the Department of both start up and shut down of the auxiliary propane heater 

within 5 days of both start up and shut down. During operation, the auxiliary propane boiler shall 

operate in accordance with this Section III.D of this permit (ARM 17.8.1215).

D.2. PPL may not cause or authorize to be discharged into the atmosphere from the boiler, when in 

operation, visible emissions that exhibit an opacity of 20% or greater, unless specified elsewhere 

in this permit (ARM 17.8.304 and ARM 17.8.752).

D.3. When the boiler is in operation, PM emissions from the boiler shall not exceed 0.28 lb/MMBtu 

(ARM 17.8.752).

D.4. PPL shall not cause or authorize PM caused by the combustion of fuel to be discharged from any 

stack or chimney into the outdoor atmosphere in excess of E = 1.026*H-0.233 for existing fuel 

burning equipment, where H = heat input capacity in MMBtu/hr and E = maximum allowable 

emission rate in lb/MMBtu (ARM 17.8.309).

D.5. PPL shall not fire in the boiler liquid or solid fuels containing sulfur in excess of 1.0 lb of 

sulfur/MMBtu (ARM 17.8.322).

Compliance Demonstration

D.6. Compliance with the operational and notification requirement in Section III.D.1 may be satisfied 

by notifying the Department within 5 days of start up and shut down of the auxiliary propane 

boiler and PPL shall prepare a log to record the time and dates when the auxiliary propane boiler is 

operated (ARM 17.8.1213).

D.7. PPL shall burn propane in the emission unit while in operation to monitor compliance with the 

emission limits in Section III.D.2, 3, 4, and 5 (ARM 17.8.1213). 
OP0513-07 22 Draft: 05/17/2011

D.8. As required by the Department and Section III.A.1, PPL shall perform a Method 5 or a Method 9 

test in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 

17.8.1213 and ARM 17.8.106).

Recordkeeping

D.9. PPL shall maintain on site an operations and maintenance log, which includes the type of fuel 

fired in the boiler each day it is in operation and the information stated in Section III.D.6. The log 

shall include the date and time of the maintenance and the type of maintenance that was performed 

(ARM 17.8.1212).

D.10. Method 5 and Method 9 test reports must be maintained on-site and must be submitted to the 

Department upon request and in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and 

Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.1212).

Reporting

D.11. The annual compliance certification report required by Section V.B must contain a certification 

statement for the above applicable requirements (ARM 17.8.1212). 

D.12. The semiannual monitoring report shall provide (ARM 17.8.1212):

a. Certification that the log of operating times was maintained; 

b. Summary of any required test that was conducted during the reporting period as required by 

Section III.D.10; and

c. Certification of fuel type used in the emission unit during times of operation.
OP0513-07 23 Draft: 05/17/2011

E. EU006 – Building Heater Boiler

Condition(s) Pollutant/Parameter Permit Limit Compliance Demonstration

Method Frequency

Reporting 

Requirements

E.1, E.5, E.9, 

E.13, E.14

Building heater boiler Operation Notification When operating Semiannually

E.2, E.6, E.10, 

E.12, E.13, 

E.14

PM from fuel combustion E = 1.026 * E-0.233 Method 5 As required by 

the Department 

and Section 

III.A.1

E.3, E.7, E.10, 

E.12, E.13, 

E.14

Opacity 20% Method 9 As required by 

the Department 

and Section 

III.A.1

E.4, E.8, E.11, 

E.13, E.14

Sulfur in fuel 1lb sulfur/MMBtu Type of fuel 

fired

Ongoing

Conditions

E.1. Colstrip shall notify the Department of both start up and shut down of the building heater boiler 

within 5 days of both start up and shut down. During operation, the building heater boiler shall 

operate in accordance with this Section III.E of this permit (ARM 17.8.1215).

E.2. PPL shall not cause or authorize PM caused by the combustion of fuel to be discharged from any 

stack or chimney into the outdoor atmosphere in excess of E = 1.026 * H-0233 for existing fuel 

burning equipment, where H = heat input capacity in MMBtu/hr and E = maximum allowable 

emission rate in lb/MMBtu (ARM 17.8.309).

E.3. PPL may not cause or authorize emissions to be discharged into the outdoor atmosphere from any 

source that exhibits an opacity of 20% or greater averaged over 6 consecutive minutes (ARM 

17.8.304(2)).

E.4. PPL shall not burn liquid or solid fuel containing sulfur in excess of 1 lb of sulfur/MMBtu fired 

(ARM 17.8.322).

Compliance Demonstration

E.5. Compliance with the operational and notification requirement may be satisfied by notifying the 

Department within 5 days of start up and shut down of the building heater boiler. PPL shall use 

the computer point log to record the time and dates when the building heater boiler is operated 

(ARM 17.8.1213).

E.6. As required by the Department and Section III.A.1, PPL shall perform a Method 5 test in 

accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.106).

E.7. As required by the Department and Section III.A.1, PPL shall perform a Method 9 test on the 

building heater boiler in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures 

Manual (ARM 17.8.1213 and ARM 17.8.106).

E.8. PPL shall burn oil with a sulfur content that does not exceed 1 lb of sulfur/MMBtu to monitor

compliance with the limit in Section III.E.4 (ARM 17.8.1213). 

Recordkeeping

E.9. PPL shall maintain on site the computer point log as required by Section III.E.5 (ARM 17.8.1212).
OP0513-07 24 Draft: 05/17/2011

E.10. Method 5 and Method 9 test reports must be maintained on-site and must be submitted to the 

Department upon request and in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and 

Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.1212).

E.11. PPL shall maintain on site copies of the supplier’s fuel analysis for each fuel delivery. The 

analysis may be based on an average fuel produced over a period of time (ARM 17.8.1212).

Reporting

E.12. Any compliance source test reports must be submitted in accordance with the Montana Source 

Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.106).

E.13. The annual compliance certification report required by Section V.B must contain a certification 

statement for the above applicable requirements (ARM 17.8.1212). 

E.14. The semiannual monitoring report shall provide (ARM 17.8.1212):

a. Certification that the computer point log is maintained on site as required by Section III.E.9;

b. Certification that copies of the supplier’s fuel analysis are maintained on site as required by 

Section III.E.12 and submittal of an average sulfur content of the fuel; and

c. Summary of any required test that was conducted during the reporting period as required by 

Section III.E.10.
OP0513-07 25 Draft: 05/17/2011

F. EU007, EU008, and EU009– Coal Handling Systems (Units 1 & 2 – Enclosed conveyors, dust

suppressant, telescopic chute), Coal Handling Systems (Units 3 & 4 – silos, distribution bin, surge 

pile tunnel, crushing and sampling house, and vacuum cleaning system) and Coal Piles

Condition(s) Pollutant/Parameter Permit Limit Compliance Demonstration

Method Frequency

Reporting 

Requirements

F.1, F.2, F.5, 

F.7, F.8, F.10, 

F.13, F.14 Opacity 20%

Visual Survey Bi-monthly Semiannually

Method 9 Semiannually

F.3, F.6, F.10, 

F.11, F.13, 

F.14

PM E = 55 * p0.11– 40 Method 5 As required by the 

Department and 

Section III.A.1

F.4, F.9, F.12, 

F.13, F.14

Uncovered coal storage 

piles

sealed Operation of 

controls

Ongoing

Conditions

F.1. PPL may not cause or authorize emissions from the Coal Handling Systems and Coal Piles to be 

discharged into the outdoor atmosphere that exhibit an opacity of 20% or greater averaged over 6

consecutive minutes (ARM 17.8.304(2)).

F.2. PPL shall not cause or authorize the production, handling transportation, or storage of any 

material unless reasonable precautions to control emissions of PM are taken. Such emissions of 

airborne particulate from any stationary source shall not exhibit an opacity of 20% or greater 

averaged over 6 consecutive minutes (ARM 17.8.308(1)).

F.3. The particulate emissions from process weight shall not exceed the value calculated by E = 55.0 * 

p

0.11

– 40, where E = Emissions in pounds per hour and P = process weight rate in tons per hour 

(ARM 17.8.310).

F.4. Uncovered coal storage piles, which are not routinely in use, must be sealed to prevent airborne 

emissions (ARM 17.8.749).

Compliance Demonstration

F.5. PPL shall conduct either a semiannual Method 9 source test or a weekly visual survey of visible 

emissions on the Coal Handling Systems and Coal Piles. Under the visual survey option, once 

per calendar week, during daylight hours, PPL shall visually survey the Coal Handling Systems 

and Coal Piles for any visible emissions. If visible emissions are observed during the visual 

survey, PPL must conduct a Method 9 source test. The Method 9 source test must begin within 

one hour of any observation of visible emissions. If visible emissions meet or exceed 15% 

opacity based on the Method 9 source test, PPL shall immediately take corrective action to 

contain or minimize the source of emissions. If corrective actions are taken, then PPL shall 

immediately conduct a subsequent visual survey (and subsequent Method 9 source test if visible 

emissions remain) to monitor compliance. The person conducting the visual survey shall record 

the results of the survey (including the results of any Method 9 source test performed) in a log, 

including any corrective action taken. Conducting a visual survey does not relieve PPL of the 

liability for a violation determined using Method 9 (ARM 17.8.101(27)).

If the visual surveys are not performed once per calendar week as specified above during the 

reporting period, then PPL shall perform the Method 9 source tests on the Coal Handling Systems 

and Coal Piles for that reporting period.
OP0513-07 26 Draft: 05/17/2011

Method 9 source tests must be performed in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol 

and Procedures Manual, except that prior notification of the test is not required. Each observation 

period must be a minimum of 6 minutes unless any one reading is 20% or greater, then the 

observation period must be a minimum of 20 minutes or until a violation of the standard has been

documented, whichever is a shorter period of time (ARM 17.8.1213).

F.6. As required by the Department and Section III.A.1, PPL shall perform a Method 5 in accordance 

with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.1213).

F.7. For Units 3 & 4, PPL shall use a dust suppression system using chemical or water sprays in 

Lowering Well “A”, Lowering Well “B”, the coal at transfer points in area “C” transfer house, 

and the vibratory feeders associated with Conveyor 80A as necessary to monitor compliance with 

Section III.F.2 (ARM 17.8.1213).

F.8. For Units 1 & 2, PPL shall use enclosed conveyors and fabric filter control to contain dust from 

handling and crushing materials. A telescopic chute shall be used to contain dust from materials 

falling from Lowering Wells #6, and #7. Dust suppressant shall be used as necessary to reduce 

particulate emission from coal (ARM 17.8.1213).

F.9. PPL shall maintain an on site log of all actions taken to monitor compliance with Section III.F.4. 

The log should include the action taken along with the date and time the action occurred (ARM 

17.8.1213). 

Recordkeeping

F.10. All source test recordkeeping shall be performed in accordance with the Montana Source Test 

Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.106). If Method 9 tests are conducted, the test 

reports must be maintained on-site and must be submitted to the Department upon request. If 

visual surveys are performed, PPL shall maintain a log to verify that the visual surveys were 

performed as specified in Section III.F.5. Each log entry must include the date, time, results of 

survey (and results of subsequent Method 9, if applicable), and observer’s initials If any 

corrective action is required, the time, date, observer’s initials, and any preventive or corrective 

action taken must be recorded in the log (ARM 17.8.1212).

F.11. Method 5 test reports must be maintained on site and must be submitted in accordance with the 

Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.106 and ARM 17.8.1212).

F.12. Recordkeeping shall be maintained on site of the log required in Section III.F.9 (ARM 

17.8.1212).

Reporting

F.13. The annual compliance certification report required by Section V.B must contain a certification 

statement for the above applicable requirements (ARM 17.8.1212). 

F.14. The semiannual monitoring report shall provide (ARM 17.8.1212):

a. Certification that the visual surveys were performed and logged as specified by Section 

III.F.5 or Method 9 test results as required by Section III.F.10.

b. Certification that a log of corrective action was maintained as specified by Section III.F.12, 

and

c. Summary of any required Method 5 test that was conducted as required by Section III.F.11.
OP0513-07 27 Draft: 05/17/2011

G. EU010 – Emergency Diesel Generators and EU011 - Internal Combustion Engines (vehicles)

Condition(s) Pollutant/Parameter Permit Limit Compliance Demonstration

Method Frequency

Reporting 

Requirements

G.1, G.4, G.7, 

G.9, G.10, 

G.11

Opacity 20% Method 9 As required by 

the Department 

and Section 

III.A.1

Semiannually

G.2, G.5, G.7, 

G.9, G.10, 

G.11

Particulate from fuel 

combustion

E = 1.026 * H-0.233 Method 5 As required by 

the Department 

and Section 

III.A.1

G.3.,G.6., G.8., 

G.10, G.11

Hours of Operation Operations Limited 

to Specific 

Situations

Operating Log Monthly

Conditions

G.1. PPL shall not cause or authorize emissions to be discharged into the outdoor atmosphere from 

any source that exhibits an opacity of 20% or greater averaged over 6 consecutive minutes (ARM 

17.8.304(2)).

G.2. PPL shall not cause or authorize PM caused by the combustion of fuel to be discharged from any 

stack or chimney into the outdoor atmosphere in excess of E = 1.026 * H-0.233 for existing fuel 

burning equipment, where H = heat input capacity in MMBtu/hr and E maximum allowable 

emission rate in lbs/MMBtu (ARM 17.8.309).

G.3. PPL shall limit the use of the emergency diesel generators to times of need for emergency power 

generation (ARM 17.8.756).

Compliance Demonstration

G.4. As required by the Department and Section III.A.1, PPL shall perform a Method 9 test in 

accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.106 and 

ARM 17.8.1213).

G.5. As required by the Department and Section III.A.1, PPL shall perform a Method 5 in accordance 

with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.106).

G.6. Compliance with the limits in Section III.G.3 shall be demonstrated by logging the date, time, 

hours of operation, reason for use, and operator’s initials whenever the emergency diesel 

generators are utilized for emergency power generation (ARM17.8.1213).

Recordkeeping

G.7. All source test recordkeeping shall be performed in accordance with the test method used and the 

Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.106).

G.8. PPL shall maintain on site a log as described in Section III.G.6. PPL shall include in that log the 

fuel type used whenever the emergency generators are used for emergency power generation. In 

addition, PPL shall log the monthly sum of the total hours of operation of the emergency 

generators for the previous rolling 12-month time period (ARM 17.8.1212).
OP0513-07 28 Draft: 05/17/2011

Reporting

G.9. All source test reports must be submitted to the Department in accordance with the Montana 

Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.9.106).

G.10. The annual compliance certification report required by Section V.B must contain a certification 

statement for the above applicable requirements (ARM 17.8.1212). 

G.11. The semiannual monitoring report shall provide (ARM 17.8.1212):

a. A summary of any Method 9 or Method 5 tests that were conducted; and

b. Certification that the emergency generators were only used when power was interrupted or as 

necessary for routine maintenance of the generator and that the log required in Section III.G.6 

and III.G.8 (including the total hours of operation) was maintained.
OP0513-07 29 Draft: 05/17/2011

H. EU012 - Lime Handling System

Condition(s) Pollutant/Parameter Permit Limit Compliance Demonstration

Method Frequency

Reporting 

Requirements

H.1, H.4, H.7, 

H.10, H.11

Reasonable Precautions 20% Operation of 

controls

Ongoing Semiannually

H.2, H.5, H.8, 

H.10, H.11

Opacity 20% Method 9 Semiannual

H.3, H.6, H.9, 

H.10, H.11

PM E = 55 * p0.11– 40 Method 5 As required by 

the Department 

and Section 

III.A.1

Conditions

H.1. PPL shall not cause or authorize the production, handling, transportation, or storage of any 

material unless reasonable precautions to control emissions of airborne PM are taken (ARM 

17.8.308(1)).

H.2. PPL shall not cause or authorize emissions to be discharged into the outdoor atmosphere from 

any source that exhibits an opacity of 20% or greater averaged over 6 consecutive minutes (ARM 

17.8.304(2)).

H.3. The particulate emissions from process weight shall not exceed the value calculated by E = 55.0 * 

P

0.11

– 40, where E is the rate of emissions in pounds per hour and P is the process weight rate in 

tons per hour (ARM 17.8.310).

Compliance Demonstration

H.4. PPL shall operate the pneumatic system when unloading lime to monitor compliance with the 

reasonable precautions requirement (ARM 17.8.1213).

H.5. As required by the Department and Section III.A.1, PPL shall perform a Method 9 test for the 

visible emissions from the plant roads. Method 9 source tests must be performed in accordance 

with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual, except that prior notification of 

the test is not required (ARM 17.8.106 and ARM 17.8.1213).

H.6. As required by the Department and Section III.A.1, PPL shall perform a Method 5 in accordance 

with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.1213).

Recordkeeping

H.7. PPL shall maintain a log of the operation of the pneumatic system as required in Section III.H.4. 

The log shall include date and time of operation of the pneumatic conveyor coinciding with the 

unloading of lime (ARM 17.8.1212).

H.8. Method 9 test reports must be maintained on site and must be submitted to the Department upon 

request in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 

17.8.106).

H.9. Method 5 test reports must be maintained on site and must be submitted to the Department upon 

request in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 

17.8.106).
OP0513-07 30 Draft: 05/17/2011

Reporting

H.10. The annual compliance certification report required by Section V.B must contain a certification 

statement for the above applicable requirements (ARM 17.8.1212). 

H.11. The semiannual monitoring report shall provide (ARM 17.8.1212):

a. A summary of any Method 9 or Method 5 tests conducted, and

b. Certification that a log of operation was maintained as required in Section III.H.7.
OP0513-07 31 Draft: 05/17/2011

I. EU013 - Plant Roads; EU014 – Process Ponds

Condition(s) Pollutant/Parameter Permit Limit Compliance Demonstration

Method Frequency

Reporting 

Requirements

I.1, I.3 – I.6 Reasonable Precautions 20% Visual Surveys Bi-monthly Semiannually

Method 9 Semiannually

I.2 – I.6 Opacity 20% Visual Surveys Bi-monthly

Method 9 Semiannually

Conditions

I.1. PPL shall not cause or authorize the production, handling, transportation, or storage of any 

material unless reasonable precautions to control emissions of airborne PM are taken (ARM 

17.8.308).

I.2. PPL may not cause or authorize emissions from the plant roads to be discharged into the outdoor 

atmosphere that exhibit an opacity of 20% or greater averaged over 6 consecutive minutes (ARM 

17.8.304(2)).

Compliance Demonstration

I.3. PPL shall conduct either a semiannual Method 9 source test or a weekly visual survey of visible 

emissions on the Plant Roads. Under the visual survey option, once per calendar week, during 

daylight hours, PPL shall visually survey the Plant Roads for any visible emissions. If visible 

emissions are observed during the visual survey, PPL must conduct a Method 9 source test. The 

Method 9 source test must begin within one hour of any observation of visible emissions. If 

visible emissions meet or exceed 15% opacity based on the Method 9 source test, PPL shall 

immediately take corrective action to contain or minimize the source of emissions. If corrective 

actions are taken, then PPL shall immediately conduct a subsequent visual survey (and 

subsequent Method 9 source test if visible emissions remain) to monitor compliance. The person 

conducting the visual survey shall record the results of the survey (including the results of any 

Method 9 source test performed) in a log, including any corrective action taken. Conducting a 

visual survey does not relieve PPL of the liability for a violation determined using Method 9 

(ARM 17.8.101(27)).

If the visual surveys are not performed once per calendar week as specified above during the 

reporting period, then PPL shall perform the Method 9 source tests on the Plant Roads for that 

reporting period.

Method 9 source tests must be performed in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol 

and Procedures Manual, except that prior notification of the test is not required. Each observation 

period must be a minimum of 6 minutes unless any one reading is 20% or greater, then the 

observation period must be a minimum of 20 minutes or until a violation of the standard has been 

documented, whichever is a shorter period of time (ARM 17.8.1213).

Recordkeeping

I.4. All source test recordkeeping shall be performed in accordance with the Montana Source Test 

Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.106). If Method 9 tests are conducted, the test 

reports must be maintained on site and must be submitted to the Department upon request. If 

visual surveys are performed, PPL shall maintain a log to verify that the visual surveys were 

performed as specified in Section III.I.3. Each log entry must include the date, time, results of 

survey (and results of subsequent Method 9, if applicable), and observer’s initials If any 

corrective action is required, the time, date, observer’s initials, and any preventive or corrective 

action taken must be recorded in the log (ARM 17.8.1212).
OP0513-07 32 Draft: 05/17/2011

Reporting

I.5. The annual compliance certification report required and logged as specified by Section V.B must 

contain a certification statement for the above applicable requirements (ARM 17.8.1212). 

I.6. The semiannual monitoring report shall provide certification that the visual surveys were 

performed and logged as specified by Section III.I.3 or Method 9 source test results (ARM 

17.8.1212).
OP0513-07 33 Draft: 05/17/2011

J. EU015 – Underground Gasoline Tank

Condition(s) Pollutant/Parameter Permit Limit Compliance Demonstration

Method Frequency

Reporting 

Requirements

J.1, J.3, J.5, 

J.7, J.8, J.9

Opacity 20% Method 9 As required by 

the Department 

and Section 

III.A.1

Semiannually

J.2, J.4, J.6, J.8, 

J.9

Underground gasoline tank 250 gallons or > 

gasoline in tank

Submerged fill 

pipe

Ongoing/when 

loading

Conditions

J.1. PPL shall not cause or authorize emissions to be discharged into the outdoor atmosphere from 

any source that exhibits an opacity of 20% or greater averaged over 6 consecutive minutes (ARM 

17.8.304(2)).

J.2. PPL shall not load or permit the loading of gasoline into any stationary tank with a capacity of 

250 gallons or more from any tank truck or trailer, except through a permanent submerged fill 

pipe, unless such tank is equipped with a vapor loss control device or is a pressure tank (ARM 

17.8.324(3)).

Compliance Demonstration

J.3. As required by the Department and Section III.A.1, PPL shall perform a Method 9 test to monitor 

compliance with the permit limit in Section III.J.1. The testing shall be performed in accordance 

with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual, or another method approved by 

the Department (ARM 17.8.106 and ARM 17.8.749).

J.4. PPL has an installed tank with a permanently submerged fill pipe and shall continue to operate 

the submerged fill pipe during loading (ARM 17.8.749).

Recordkeeping

J.5. All compliance source-testing recordkeeping shall be performed in accordance with the Source 

Test Protocol and Procedures Manual, and shall be maintained on site. Method 9 source test 

reports for opacity need not be submitted unless requested by the Department (ARM 17.8.106).

J.6. PPL shall maintain a log to monitor continuous use of the submerged fill pipe by maintaining a 

log of tank loading. The log shall include the date and time of loading, and that a permanent 

submerged fill pipe was used or that the tank is equipped with a vapor loss control device or is a 

pressure tank (ARM 17.8.1213).

Reporting

J.7. Method 9 test reports as specified in Section III.J.5 shall be submitted in accordance with the 

Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.106).

J.8. The annual compliance certification report required by Section V.B must contain a certification 

statement for the above applicable requirements (ARM 17.8.1212). 

J.9. The semiannual monitoring report shall provide (ARM 17.8.1212):

a. Certification that the log of tank loading was maintained; and

b. A summary of any Method 9 test conducted during the period.
OP0513-07 34 Draft: 05/17/2011

K. EU016 – Alternate Fuel Loading Systems (Syn Coal and Petroleum Coke)

Condition(s) Pollutant/Parameter Permit Limit Compliance Demonstration

Method Frequency

Reporting 

Requirements

K.1, K.9 Reasonable Precautions 20% opacity Operation of 

controls

Ongoing Semiannually

K.2, K.10 Opacity 20% opacity Method 9 Semiannual

K.3 40 CFR 60, Subpart Y 40 CFR 60, Subpart 

Y

40 CFR 60, 

Subpart Y 

40 CFR 60, 

Subpart Y

K.4, PM E = 55 * p0.11– 40 Method 5 As required by 

the Department 

and Section 

III.A.1

K.5, K.6, K.7, K.9 Maximum air 

pollution control

Log Ongoing

K.8 Cover Piles Log Ongoing

Conditions

K.1. PPL shall not cause or authorize the production, handling, transportation, or storage of any 

material unless reasonable precautions to control emissions of airborne PM are taken (ARM 

17.8.308(1)).

K.2. PPL shall not cause or authorize emissions to be discharged into the outdoor atmosphere from 

any source that exhibits an opacity of 20% or greater averaged over 6 consecutive minutes (ARM 

17.8.304(2) and 40 CFR 60, Subpart Y).

K.3. PPL shall comply with all applicable standards and limitations, and the reporting, recordkeeping, 

and notification requirements contained in 40 CFR 60, Subpart Y. Subpart Y affected sources 

include the truck dump station, the lime silo bin vent, and any other affected source constructed 

or modified after October 24, 1974 (ARM 17.8.340 and 40 CFR 60, Subpart Y).

K.4. The particulate emissions from process weight shall not exceed the value calculated by E = 55.0 * 

P

0.11

– 40, where E is the rate of emissions in pounds per hour and P is the process weight rate in 

tons per hour (ARM 17.8.310).

K.5. PPL shall maintain and operate the skirting, minimal volumes, and small drop distances at the 

off-loading system and the bin vent filter system to provide the maximum air pollution control for 

that it was designed (ARM 17.8.752). 

K.6. PPL shall control the petroleum coke truck dump station particulate emissions by a partially 

enclosed dump basin, minimized dropping distances, covered conveyor belts, and an underground 

and enclosed feeder (ARM 17.8.749).

K.7. PPL shall control the petroleum coke rail dump station particulate emissions by an underground 

and enclosed dump basin, minimized dropping distances, covered conveyor belts, and an 

underground and enclosed feeder (ARM 17.8.749).

K.8. Uncovered syn coal and petroleum coke storage piles, which are not routinely in use, must be 

sealed to prevent airborne emissions (ARM 17.8.749).
OP0513-07 35 Draft: 05/17/2011

Compliance Demonstration

K.9. PPL shall maintain records of all air pollution control measures taken to minimize PM emissions 

from transfer of petroleum coke and syncoal, in order to monitor compliance with Section III.K.1, 

III.K.5, III.K.6, and III.K.7 (ARM 17.8.1213).

K.10. As required by the Department and Section III.A.1, PPL shall perform a Method 9 test for the 

visible emissions from the plant roads. Method 9 source tests must be performed in accordance 

with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual, except that prior notification of 

the test is not required (ARM 17.8.106 and ARM 17.8.1213).

K.11. PPL shall monitor compliance with Section III.K.3 by conducting all monitoring and testing 

required by 40 CFR 60, Subpart Y (ARM 17.8.340 and 40 CFR 60, Subpart Y).

K.12. As required by the Department and Section III.A.1, PPL shall perform a Method 5 in accordance 

with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.1213).

K.13. Whenever alternate fuels are on site, PPL shall maintain an on-site log of all actions taken to 

monitor compliance with Section III.K.8. The log should include the action taken along with the 

date and time the action occurred (ARM 17.8.1213). 

Recordkeeping

K.14. PPL shall maintain a log of the air pollution control measures, as required in Section III.K.9. The 

log shall include date and time of operation of the pneumatic conveyor coinciding with the 

unloading of lime (ARM 17.8.1212).

K.15. Method 9 test reports must be maintained on site and must be submitted to the Department upon 

request in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 

17.8.106).

K.16. PPL shall maintain a log, under PPL’s control, for the testing conducted as required by 40 CFR 

60.254 (ARM 17.8.340 and 40 CFR 60, Subpart Y).

K.17. Method 5 test reports must be maintained on site and must be submitted to the Department upon 

request in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 

17.8.106).

K.18. PPL shall maintain on site records of the log required in Section III.K.13 (ARM 17.8.1212).

Reporting

K.19. The annual compliance certification report required by Section V.B must contain a certification 

statement for the above applicable requirements (ARM 17.8.1212). 

K.20. The semiannual monitoring report shall provide (ARM 17.8.1212):

a. A summary of any required test that was conducted during the reporting period, 

b. Certification that a log of operation was maintained as required in Section III.K.13; 

c. Certification of compliance with 40 CFR 60, Subpart Y; and

d. Certification that a log of corrective action was maintained as specified by Section III.K.18.
OP0513-07 36 Draft: 05/17/2011

L. EU017 – Tangential Coal Fired Units 1-4 Mercury Emissions

Condition(s) Pollutant/

Parameter Permit Limit Compliance DemonstrationMethod Frequency

Reporting 

Requirements

L.1., L.2., L.3., 

L.4., L.5., L.6., 

L.7., L.8., L.9.

Mercury 

Emissions

0.9 lb/TBtu and 

Installation/ 

Operation of 

Mercury Control 

System

MEMS Ongoing Quarterly

Conditions

L.1. Beginning January 1, 2010, facility-wide emissions of mercury (Hg) shall not exceed 0.9 pounds 

per trillion British thermal units (lb/TBtu), calculated as a rolling 12-month average. The facilitywide emissions shall be calculated according to the following equation (ARM 17.8.771):

Facility-wide Hg emissions = (1/4) × (Unit1lb/TBtu + Unit2 lb/TBtu + Unit3 lb/TBtu + Unit4 lb/TBtu)

Where: Unit1lb/TBtu = rolling 12-month mercury emissions from Unit 1 as an average of the 

last 12 individual calendar monthly averages.

Unit2lb/TBtu = rolling 12-month mercury emissions from Unit 2 as an average of the 

last 12 individual calendar monthly averages.

Unit3lb/TBtu = rolling 12-month mercury emissions from Unit 3 as an average of the 

last 12 individual calendar monthly averages.

Unit4lb/TBtu = rolling 12-month mercury emissions from Unit 4 as an average of the 

last 12 individual calendar monthly averages.

L.2. On each Unit 1-4, PPL shall install a mercury control system that oxidizes and sorbs emissions of 

mercury. PPL shall implement the operation and maintenance of mercury control systems on or 

before January 1, 2010 (ARM 17.8.771). 

Compliance Demonstration

L.3. PPL shall comply with all applicable standards and limitations, and the applicable operating, 

reporting, recordkeeping, and notification requirements contained in 40 CFR Part 75 (ARM 

17.8.771).

L.4. Enforcement of Section III.L.1., where applicable, shall be determined by utilizing data taken 

from Mercury Emission Monitoring Systems (MEMS), installed on each Unit 1-4. The MEMS 

shall be comprised of equipment as required in 40 CFR 75.81(a) and defined in 40 CFR 72.2. The 

above does not relieve PPL from meeting any applicable requirements of 40 CFR Part 75. 

Testing requirements shall be as specified in 40 CFR Part 75, and shall conform to the 

requirements of the Montana Source Test Protocol and Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.106 and 

ARM 17.8.771). 

L.5. The MEMS shall be installed, certified, and operating on each Unit 1-4 stack outlet on or before 

January 1, 2010. MEMS shall comply with the applicable provisions of 40 CFR Part 75. The 

monitors shall also conform with requirements included in Appendix J (ARM 17.8.771). 
OP0513-07 37 Draft: 05/17/2011

Recordkeeping

L.6. PPL shall conduct recordkeeping pursuant to Appendix J (ARM 12.8.1212).

Reporting

L.7. PPL shall report to the Department within 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter, as 

described in Appendix J (ARM 17.8.749):

a. For each Unit 1-4, the monthly average lb/TBtu mercury emission rate, for each month of the 

quarter;

b. For each Unit 1-4, the 12-month rolling average lb/TBtu mercury emission rate, for each 

month of the reporting quarter;

c. The 12-month facility-wide rolling average lb/TBtu mercury emission rate, calculated 

according to Section III.L.1, for each month of the reporting quarter; and

d. For each Unit 1-4, the number of operating hours that the MEMS were unavailable or not 

operating within quality assurance limits (monitor downtime).

L.8. The first quarterly report must be received by the Department by April 30, 2010, but shall not 

include 12-month rolling averages. The first quarterly report to include 12-month rolling averages 

must be received by the Department by January 30, 2011.

L.9. The annual compliance certification required by Section V.B must contain a certification 

statement for the above applicable requirements (ARM 17.8.1212).
OP0513-07 38 Draft: 05/17/2011

M. EU018 – Mercury Oxidizer/Sorbent Handling Systems (Units 1-4)

Condition(s) Pollutant/

Parameter Permit Limit Compliance DemonstrationMethod Frequency

Reporting 

Requirements

M.1., M.3., M.4., 

M.5., M.6., M.7. Opacity 20% Visual 

Survey/ 

Method 9

Bi-monthly

Semiannual

M.2., M.3., M.4., 

M.5., M.6., M.7.

Oxidizer/Sorbent 

Handling System

Operate/

maintain bin 

vent

Semiannual

Conditions

M.1. PPL shall not cause or authorize emissions to be discharged into the outdoor atmosphere from 

any source that exhibits an opacity of 20% or greater averaged over 6 consecutive minutes (ARM 

17.8.304(2)). 

M.2. PPL shall operate and maintain the mercury oxidizer/sorbent handling systems, including the bin 

vent filter systems, to provide the maximum air pollution control for that which the systems were

designed (ARM 17.8.749).

Compliance Demonstration

M.3. PPL shall conduct either a semiannual Method 9 source test or a weekly visual survey of visible 

emissions on the Mercury Oxidizer/Sorbent Handling System. Under the visual survey option, 

once per calendar week, during daylight hours, PPL shall visually survey Mercury 

Oxidizer/Sorbent Handling System for any visible emissions. If visible emissions are observed 

during the visual survey, PPL must conduct a Method 9 source test. The Method 9 source test 

must begin within one hour of any observation of visible emissions. If visible emissions meet or 

exceed 15% opacity based on the Method 9 source test, PPL shall immediately take corrective 

action to contain or minimize the source of emissions. If corrective actions are taken, then PPL

shall immediately conduct a subsequent visual survey (and subsequent Method 9 source test if 

visible emissions remain) to monitor compliance. The person conducting the visual survey shall 

record the results of the survey (including the results of any Method 9 source test performed) in a 

log, including any corrective action taken. Conducting a visual survey does not relieve PPL of 

the liability for a violation determined using Method 9 (ARM 17.8.101(27)).

If the visual surveys are not performed once per calendar week as specified above during the 

reporting period, then PPL shall perform the Method 9 source tests on Mercury Oxidizer/Sorbent 

Handling System for that reporting period.

Method 9 source tests must be performed in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol 

and Procedures Manual, except that prior notification of the test is not required. Each observation 

period must be a minimum of 6 minutes unless any one reading is 20% or greater, then the 

observation period must be a minimum of 20 minutes or until a violation of the standard has been 

documented, whichever is a shorter period of time (ARM 17.8.1213).

Recordkeeping

M.4. All source test recordkeeping shall be performed in accordance with the Montana Source Test 

Protocol and Procedures Manual. If Method 9 tests are conducted, the test reports must be 

maintained on-site and must be submitted to the Department upon request. If visual surveys are 

performed, PPL shall maintain a log to verify that the visual surveys were performed as specified 

in Section III.M.3. Each log entry must include the date, time, results of survey (and results of 
OP0513-07 39 Draft: 05/17/2011

subsequent Method 9, if applicable), and observer’s initials If any corrective action is required, 

the time, date, observer’s initials, and any preventive or corrective action taken must be recorded 

in the log (ARM 17.8.1212).

Reporting

M.5. All method reports shall be submitted in accordance with the Montana Source Test Protocol and 

Procedures Manual (ARM 17.8.106 and ARM 17.8.1212).

M.6. The annual compliance certification required by Section V.B must contain a certification 

statement for the above applicable requirements (ARM 17.8.1212).

M.7. The semiannual report shall provide (ARM 17.8.1212):

a. A summary of any corrective action performed as a result of the visual survey

requirement; and

b. A summary of the results of any Method 9 source tests performed during the semiannual 

period.
OP0513-07 40 Draft: 05/17/2011

SECTION IV. NON-APPLICABLE REQUIREMENTS

Air Quality Administrative Rules of Montana (ARM) and Federal Regulations identified as not applicable 

to the facility or to a specific emissions unit at the time of the permit issuance are listed below (ARM 

17.8.1214). The following list does not preclude the need to comply with any new requirements that may 

become applicable during the permit term.

A. Facility-Wide

The following table contains non-applicable requirements, which are administrated by the Air Resources 

Management Bureau of the Department of Environmental Quality.

Rule Citation Reason

40 CFR 60 Subparts C, Ca, Cb

40 CFR 60 Subparts Da, Db, Dc

40 CFR 60 Subparts E-J

40 CFR 60 Subparts K, Ka, Kb

40 CFR 60 Subparts L-Z

40 CFR 60 Subparts AA-EE

40 CFR 60 Subparts GG-HH

40 CFR 60 Subparts KK-NN

40 CFR 60 Subparts PP-XX

40 CFR 60 Subparts AAA-BBB

40 CFR 60 Subparts DDD

40 CFR 60 Subparts FFF-LLL

40 CFR 60 Subparts NNN-VVV

40 CFR 61 Subparts B-F

40 CFR 61 Subparts H-L

40 CFR 61 Subparts N-T

40 CFR 61 Subparts V-W

40 CFR 61 Subpart Y

40 CFR 61 Subpart BB

40 CFR 61 Subpart FF

40 CFR 63 Subparts F-I

40 CFR 63 Subparts L-O

40 CFR 63 Subpart Q

40 CFR 63 Subpart R

40 CFR 63 Subpart T

40 CFR 63 Subpart W

40 CFR 63 Subpart X

40 CFR 63 Subpart EE

These requirements are not applicable because the facility 

is not an affected source as defined in these regulations.

40 CFR 82 Subpart A

40 CFR 82 Subpart C

40 CFR 82 Subpart D

40 CFR 82 Subpart E

40 CFR 82 Subpart G

The facility does not conduct the activities addressed by 

these rules
OP0513-07 41 Draft: 05/17/2011

B. Emission Units

Emission 

Units

Rule Citation Reason

State Federal

EU005, 

EU006, 

EU007, 

EU008, 

EU009, 

EU013

40 CFR 60 Subpart D

40 CFR 82 Subpart B

40 CFR 72-73

40 CFR 75-78

This emitting unit is not in the source category or the 

equipment is not used at the facility

EU001, 

EU002, 

EU003, 

EU004

40 CFR 73 Subpart G

40 CFR 82 Subpart B
OP0513-07 42 Draft: 05/17/2011

SECTION V. GENERAL PERMIT CONDITIONS

A. Compliance Requirements

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1210(2)(a)-(c)&(e), §1206(6)(c)&(b)

1. The permittee must comply with all conditions of the permit. Any noncompliance with the 

terms or conditions of the permit constitutes a violation of the Montana Clean Air Act, and may 

result in enforcement action, permit modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination, or 

denial of a permit renewal application under ARM Title 17, Chapter 8, Subchapter 12.

2. The filing of a request by the permittee for a permit modification, revocation and reissuance, or 

termination, or of a notification of planned changes or anticipated noncompliance does not stay 

any permit condition.

3. It shall not be a defense for a permittee in an enforcement action that it would have been 

necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activity in order to maintain compliance with the 

conditions of the permit. If appropriate, this factor may be considered as a mitigating factor in 

assessing a penalty for noncompliance with an applicable requirement if the source 

demonstrates that both the health, safety or environmental impacts of halting or reducing 

operations would be more serious than the impacts of continuing operations, and that such 

health, safety or environmental impacts were unforeseeable and could not have otherwise been 

avoided.

4. The permittee shall furnish to the Department, within a reasonable time set by the Department 

(not to be less than 15 days), any information that the Department may request in writing to 

determine whether cause exists for modifying, revoking and reissuing, or terminating the 

permit, or to determine compliance with the permit. Upon request, the permittee shall also 

furnish to the Department copies of those records that are required to be kept pursuant to the 

terms of the permit. This subsection does not impair or otherwise limit the right of the 

permittee to assert the confidentiality of the information requested by the Department, as 

provided in 75-2-105, MCA.

5. Any schedule of compliance for applicable requirements with which the source is not in 

compliance with at the time of permit issuance shall be supplemental to, and shall not sanction 

noncompliance with, the applicable requirements on which it was based.

6. For applicable requirements that will become effective during the permit term, the source shall 

meet such requirements on a timely basis unless a more detailed plan or schedule is required by 

the applicable requirement or the Department.

B. Certification Requirements

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1207 and §1213(7)(a)&(c)-(d)

1. Any application form, report, or compliance certification submitted pursuant to ARM Title 17, 

Chapter 8, Subchapter 12, shall contain certification by a responsible official of truth, accuracy 

and completeness. This certification and any other certification required under ARM Title 17, 

Chapter 8, Subchapter 12, shall state that, based on information and belief formed after 

reasonable inquiry, the statements and information in the document are true, accurate and 

complete.
OP0513-07 43 Draft: 05/17/2011

2. Compliance certifications shall be submitted by February 15 of each year, or more frequently if 

otherwise specified in an applicable requirement or elsewhere in the permit. Each certification 

must include the required information for the previous calendar year (i.e., January 1 –

December 31).

3. Compliance certifications shall include the following:

a. The identification of each term or condition of the permit that is the basis of the 

certification;

b. The identification of the method(s) or other means used by the owner or operator for 

determining the status of compliance with each term or condition during the certification 

period, and whether such methods or other means provide continuous or intermittent data, 

as well as the additional information required by ARM 17.8.1213(7)(c)(ii);

c. The status of compliance with the terms and conditions of the permit for the period covered 

by the certification, including whether compliance during the period was continuous or 

intermittent (based on the method or means designated in ARM 17.8.1213(7)(c)(ii), as 

described above); and

d. Such other facts as the Department may require to determine the compliance status of the 

source.

4. All compliance certifications must be submitted to the EPA, as well as to the Department, at the 

addresses listed in the Notification Addresses Appendix of this permit.

C. Permit Shield

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1214(1)-(4)

1. The applicable requirements and non-federally enforceable requirements are included and 

specifically identified in this permit and the permit includes a precise summary of the 

requirements not applicable to the source. Compliance with the conditions of the permit shall 

be deemed compliance with any applicable requirements and any non-federally enforceable 

requirements as of the date of permit issuance.

2. The permit shield described in 1 above shall remain in effect during the appeal of any permit 

action (renewal, revision, reopening, or revocation and reissuance) to the Board of 

Environmental Review (Board), until such time as the Board renders its final decision.

3. Nothing in this permit alters or affects the following:

a. The provisions of Sec. 7603 of the FCAA, including the authority of the administrator 

under that section;

b. The liability of an owner or operator of a source for any violation of applicable 

requirements prior to or at the time of permit issuance;

c. The applicable requirements of the Acid Rain Program, consistent with Sec. 7651g(a) of 

the FCAA;

d. The ability of the administrator to obtain information from a source pursuant to Sec. 7414 

of the FCAA;
OP0513-07 44 Draft: 05/17/2011

e. The ability of the Department to obtain information from a source pursuant to the Montana 

Clean Air Act, Title 75, Chapter 2, MCA;

f. The emergency powers of the Department under the Montana Clean Air Act, Title 75, 

Chapter 2, MCA; and

g. The ability of the Department to establish or revise requirements for the use of Reasonably 

Available Control Technology (RACT) as defined in ARM Title 17, Chapter 8. However, 

if the inclusion of a RACT into the permit pursuant to ARM Title 17, Chapter 8, 

Subchapter 12, is appealed to the Board, the permit shield, as it applies to the source’s 

existing permit, shall remain in effect until such time as the Board has rendered its final 

decision.

4. Nothing in this permit alters or affects the ability of the Department to take enforcement action 

for a violation of an applicable requirement or permit term demonstrated pursuant to ARM 

17.8.106, Source Testing Protocol.

5. Pursuant to ARM 17.8.132, for the purpose of submitting a compliance certification, nothing in 

these rules shall preclude the use, including the exclusive use, of any credible evidence or 

information relevant to whether a source would have been in compliance. However, when 

compliance or noncompliance is demonstrated by a test or procedure provided by permit or 

other applicable requirements, the source shall then be presumed to be in compliance or 

noncompliance, unless that presumption is overcome by other relevant credible evidence.

6. The permit shield will not extend to minor permit modifications or changes not requiring a 

permit revision (see Sections I & J).

7. The permit shield will extend to significant permit modifications and transfer or assignment of 

ownership (see Sections K & N).

D. Monitoring, Recordkeeping, and Reporting Requirements

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1212(2)&(3)

1. Unless otherwise provided in this permit, the permittee shall maintain compliance monitoring 

records that include the following information:

a. The date, place as defined in the permit, and time of sampling or measurement;

b. The date(s) analyses were performed;

c. The company or entity that performed the analyses;

d. The analytical techniques or methods used;

e. The results of such analyses; and

f. The operating conditions at the time of sampling or measurement.

2. The permittee shall retain records of all required monitoring data and support information for a 

period of at least 5 years from the date of the monitoring sample, measurement, report, or 

application. Support information includes all calibration and maintenance records and all 

original strip-chart recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation, and copies of all 

reports required by the permit. All monitoring data, support information, and required reports 
OP0513-07 45 Draft: 05/17/2011

and summaries may be maintained in computerized form at the plant site if the information is 

made available to Department personnel upon request, which may be for either hard copies or 

computerized format. Strip-charts must be maintained in their original form at the plant site 

and shall be made available to Department personnel upon request.

3. The permittee shall submit to the Department, at the addresses located in the Notification 

Addresses Appendix of this permit, reports of any required monitoring by February 15 and 

August 15 of each year, or more frequently if otherwise specified in an applicable requirement 

or elsewhere in the permit. The monitoring report submitted on February 15 of each year must 

include the required monitoring information for the period of July 1 through December 31 of 

the previous year. The monitoring report submitted on August 15 of each year must include the 

required monitoring information for the period of January 1 through June 30 of the current year. 

All instances of deviations from the permit requirements must be clearly identified in such 

reports. All required reports must be certified by a responsible official, consistent with ARM 

17.8.1207.

E. Prompt Deviation Reporting

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1212(3)(c)

The permittee shall promptly report deviations from permit requirements, including those attributable 

to upset conditions as defined in the permit, the probable cause of such deviations, and any corrective 

actions or preventive measures taken. To be considered prompt, deviations shall be reported to the 

Department within the following timeframes (unless otherwise specified in an applicable 

requirement):

1. For deviations which may result in emissions potentially in violation of permit limitations:

a. An initial phone notification (or faxed or electronic notification) describing the incident 

within 24 hours (or the next business day) of discovery; and,

b. A follow-up written, faxed, or electronic report within 30 days of discovery of the deviation 

that describes the probable cause of the reported deviation and any corrective actions or 

preventative measures taken.

2. For deviations attributable to malfunctions, deviations shall be reported to the Department in 

accordance with the malfunction reporting requirements under ARM 17.8.110; and

3. For all other deviations, deviations shall be reported to the Department via a written, faxed, or 

electronic report within 90 days of discovery (as determined through routine internal review by 

the permittee).

Prompt deviation reports do not need to be resubmitted with regular semiannual (or other routine) 

reports, but may be referenced by the date of submittal.

F. Emergency Provisions

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1201(13) and §1214(5), (6)&(8)

1. An “emergency” means any situation arising from sudden and reasonably unforeseeable events 

beyond the control of the source, including acts of God, which situation requires immediate 

corrective action to restore normal operation and causes the source to exceed a technologybased emission limitation under this permit due to the unavoidable increases in emissions 

attributable to the emergency. An emergency shall not include noncompliance to the extent 

caused by improperly designed equipment, lack of reasonable preventive maintenance, careless 

or improper operation, or operator error.
OP0513-07 46 Draft: 05/17/2011

2. An emergency constitutes an affirmative defense to an action brought for noncompliance with a 

technology-based emission limitation if the permittee demonstrates through properly signed, 

contemporaneous logs, or other relevant evidence, that:

a. An emergency occurred and the permittee can identify the cause(s) of the emergency;

b. The permitted facility was at the time being properly operated;

c. During the period of the emergency the permittee took all reasonable steps to minimize 

levels of emissions that exceeded the emission standards or other requirements in the 

permit; and

d. The permittee submitted notice of the emergency to the Department within 2 working days 

of the time when emission limitations were exceeded due to the emergency. This notice 

fulfills the requirements of ARM 17.8.1212(3)(c). This notice must contain a description 

of the emergency, any steps taken to mitigate emissions, and corrective actions taken.

3. These emergency provisions are in addition to any emergency, malfunction or upset provision 

contained in any applicable requirement.

G. Inspection and Entry

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1213(3)&(4)

1. Upon presentation of credentials and other requirements as may be required by law, the 

permittee shall allow the Department, the administrator, or an authorized representative 

(including an authorized contractor acting as a representative of the Department or the 

administrator) to perform the following:

a. Enter the premises where a source required to obtain a permit is located or emissionsrelated activity is conducted, or where records must be kept under the conditions of the 

permit;

b. Have access to and copy, at reasonable times, any records that must be kept under the 

conditions of the permit;

c. Inspect at reasonable times any facilities, emission units, equipment (including monitoring 

and air pollution control equipment), practices, or operations regulated or required under 

the permit; and

d. As authorized by the Montana Clean Air Act and rules promulgated thereunder, sample or 

monitor, at reasonable times, any substances or parameters at any location for the purpose 

of assuring compliance with the permit or applicable requirements.

2. The permittee shall inform the inspector of all workplace safety rules or requirements at the 

time of inspection. This section shall not limit in any manner the Department’s statutory right 

of entry and inspection as provided for in 75-2-403, MCA.

H. Fee Payment

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1210(2)(f) and ARM 17.8, Subchapter 5, Air 

Quality Permit Application, Operation, and Open Burning Fees §505(3)-(5) (STATE ONLY)

1. The permittee must pay application and operating fees, pursuant to ARM Title 17, Chapter 8, 

Subchapter 5.
OP0513-07 47 Draft: 05/17/2011

2. Annually, the Department shall provide the permittee with written notice of the amount of the 

fee and the basis for the fee assessment. The air quality operation fee is due 30 days after 

receipt of the notice, unless the fee assessment is appealed pursuant to ARM 17.8.511. If any 

portion of the fee is not appealed, that portion of the fee that is not appealed is due 30 days after 

receipt of the notice. Any remaining fee, which may be due after the completion of an appeal, 

is due immediately upon issuance of the Board’s decision or upon completion of any judicial 

review of the Board’s decision.

3. If the permittee fails to pay the required fee (or any required portion of an appealed fee) within 

90 days of the due date of the fee, the Department may impose an additional assessment of 15% 

of the fee (or any required portion of an appealed fee) or $100, whichever is greater, plus 

interest on the fee (or any required portion of an appealed fee), computed at the interest rate 

established under 15-31-510(3), MCA.

I. Minor Permit Modifications

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1226(3)&(11)

1. An application for a minor permit modification need only address in detail those portions of the 

permit application that require revision, updating, supplementation, or deletion, and may 

reference any required information that has been previously submitted.

2. The permit shield under ARM 17.8.1214 will not extend to any minor modifications processed 

pursuant to ARM 17.8.1226.

J. Changes Not Requiring Permit Revision

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1224(1)-(3), (5)&(6)

1. The permittee is authorized to make changes within the facility as described below, provided 

the following conditions are met:

a. The proposed changes do not require the permittee to obtain a Montana Air Quality Permit 

under ARM Title 17, Chapter 8, Subchapter 7;

b. The proposed changes are not modifications under Title I of the FCAA, or as defined in 

ARM Title 17, Chapter 8, Subchapters 8, 9, or 10;

c. The emissions resulting from the proposed changes do not exceed the emissions allowable 

under this permit, whether expressed as a rate of emissions or in total emissions;

d. The proposed changes do not alter permit terms that are necessary to enforce applicable 

emission limitations on emission units covered by the permit; and

e. The facility provides the administrator and the Department with written notification at least 

7 days prior to making the proposed changes.

2. The permittee and the Department shall attach each notice provided pursuant to 1.e above to 

their respective copies of this permit.

3. Pursuant to the conditions above, the permittee is authorized to make Sec. 502(b)(10) changes, 

as defined in ARM 17.8.1201(30), without a permit revision. For each such change, the written 

notification required under 1.e above shall include a description of the change within the 

source, the date on which the change will occur, any change in emissions, and any permit term 

or condition that is no longer applicable as a result of the change.
OP0513-07 48 Draft: 05/17/2011

4. The permittee may make a change not specifically addressed or prohibited by the permit terms 

and conditions without requiring a permit revision, provided the following conditions are met:

a. Each proposed change does not weaken the enforceability of any existing permit 

conditions;

b. The Department has not objected to such change;

c. Each proposed change meets all applicable requirements and does not violate any existing 

permit term or condition; and

d. The permittee provides contemporaneous written notice to the Department and the 

administrator of each change that is above the level for insignificant emission units as 

defined in ARM 17.8.1201(22) and 17.8.1206(3), and the written notice describes each 

such change, including the date of the change, any change in emissions, pollutants emitted, 

and any applicable requirement that would apply as a result of the change.

5. The permit shield authorized by ARM 17.8.1214 shall not apply to changes made pursuant to 

ARM 17.8.1224(3) and (5), but is applicable to terms and conditions that allow for increases 

and decreases in emissions pursuant to ARM 17.8.1224(4).

K. Significant Permit Modifications

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1227(1), (3)&(4)

1. The modification procedures set forth in 2 below must be used for any application requesting a 

significant modification of this permit. Significant modifications include the following:

a. Any permit modification that does not qualify as either a minor modification or as an 

administrative permit amendment;

b. Every significant change in existing permit monitoring terms or conditions;

c. Every relaxation of permit reporting or recordkeeping terms or conditions that limit the 

Department’s ability to determine compliance with any applicable rule, consistent with the 

requirements of the rule; or

d. Any other change determined by the Department to be significant.

2. Significant modifications shall meet all requirements of ARM Title 17, Chapter 8, including 

those for applications, public participation, and review by affected states and the administrator, 

as they apply to permit issuance and renewal, except that an application for a significant permit 

modification need only address in detail those portions of the permit application that require

revision, updating, supplementation or deletion.

3. The permit shield provided for in ARM 17.8.1214 shall extend to significant modifications.

L. Reopening for Cause

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1228(1)&(2)

This permit may be reopened and revised under the following circumstances:

1. Additional applicable requirements under the FCAA become applicable to the facility when the 

permit has a remaining term of 3 or more years. Reopening and revision of the permit shall be 

completed not later than 18 months after promulgation of the applicable requirement. No 

reopening is required under ARM 17.8.1228(1)(a) if the effective date of the applicable 
OP0513-07 49 Draft: 05/17/2011

requirement is later than the date on which the permit is due to expire, unless the original 

permit or any of its terms or conditions have been extended pursuant to ARM 17.8.1220(12) or 

17.8.1221(2);

2. Additional requirements (including excess emission requirements) become applicable to an 

affected source under the Acid Rain Program. Upon approval by the administrator, excess 

emission offset plans shall be deemed incorporated into the permit;

3. The Department or the administrator determines that the permit contains a material mistake or 

that inaccurate statements were made in establishing the emission standards or other terms or 

conditions of the permit; and

4. The administrator or the Department determines that the permit must be revised or revoked and 

reissued to ensure compliance with the applicable requirements.

M. Permit Expiration and Renewal

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1210(2)(g), §1220(11)&(12), and §1205(2)(d)

1. This permit is issued for a fixed term of 5 years.

2. Renewal of this permit is subject to the same procedural requirements that apply to permit 

issuance, including those for application, content, public participation, and affected state and 

administrator review.

3. Expiration of this permit terminates the permittee’s right to operate unless a timely and 

administratively complete renewal application has been submitted consistent with ARM 

17.8.1221 and 17.8.1205(2)(d). If a timely and administratively complete application has been 

submitted, all terms and conditions of the permit, including the application shield, remain in 

effect after the permit expires until the permit renewal has been issued or denied.

4. For renewal, the permittee shall submit a complete air quality operating permit application to 

the Department not later than 6 months prior to the expiration of this permit, unless otherwise 

specified. If necessary to ensure that the terms of the existing permit will not lapse before 

renewal, the Department may specify, in writing to the permittee, a longer time period for 

submission of the renewal application. Such written notification must be provided at least 1 

year before the renewal application due date established in the existing permit.

N. Severability Clause

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1210(2)(i)&(l)

1. The administrative appeal or subsequent judicial review of the issuance by the Department of 

an initial permit under this subchapter shall not impair in any manner the underlying 

applicability of all applicable requirements, and such requirements continue to apply as if a 

final permit decision had not been reached by the Department.

2. If any provision of a permit is found to be invalid, all valid parts that are severable from the 

invalid part remain in effect. If a provision of a permit is invalid in one or more of its 

applications, the provision remains in effect in all valid applications that are severable from the 

invalid applications.
OP0513-07 50 Draft: 05/17/2011

O. Transfer or Assignment of Ownership

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1225(2)&(4)

1. If an administrative permit amendment involves a change in ownership or operational control, 

the applicant must include in its request to the Department a written agreement containing a 

specific date for the transfer of permit responsibility, coverage and liability between the current 

and new permittee.

2. The permit shield provided for in ARM17.8.1214 shall not extend to administrative permit 

amendments.

P. Emissions Trading, Marketable Permits, Economic Incentives

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1226(2)

Notwithstanding ARM 17.8.1226(1) and (7), minor air quality operating permit modification 

procedures may be used for permit modifications involving the use of economic incentives, 

marketable permits, emissions trading, and other similar approaches, to the extent that such minor 

permit modification procedures are explicitly provided for in the Montana State Implementation Plan 

(SIP) or in applicable requirements promulgated by the administrator.

Q. No Property Rights Conveyed

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 12, Operating Permit Program §1210(2)(d)

This permit does not convey any property rights of any sort, or any exclusive privilege.

R. Testing Requirements

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 1, General Provisions §105

The permittee shall comply with ARM 17.8.105.

S. Source Testing Protocol

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 1, General Provisions §106

The permittee shall comply with ARM 17.8.106.

T. Malfunctions

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 1, General Provisions §110

The permittee shall comply with ARM 17.8.110.

U. Circumvention

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 1, General Provisions §111

The permittee shall comply with ARM 17.8.111.

V. Motor Vehicles

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 3, Emission Standards §325

The permittee shall comply with ARM 17.8.325.
OP0513-07 51 Draft: 05/17/2011

W. Annual Emissions Inventory

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 5, Air Quality Permit Application, Operation and Open Burning Fees §505 

(STATE ONLY)

The permittee shall supply the Department with annual production and other information for all 

emission units necessary to calculate actual or estimated actual amount of air pollutants emitted 

during each calendar year. Information shall be gathered on a calendar-year basis and submitted to 

the Department by the date required in the emission inventory request, unless otherwise specified in 

this permit. Information shall be in the units required by the Department.

X. Open Burning

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 6, Open Burning §604, 605 and 606

The permittee shall comply with ARM 17.8.604, 605 and 606.

Y. Montana Air Quality Permits

ARM 17.8, Subchapter 7, Permit, Construction and Operation of Air Contaminant Sources §745, and 

764 (ARM 17.8.745(1) and 764(1)(b) are STATE ENFORCEABLE ONLY until approval by the 

EPA as part of the SIP)

1. Except as specified, no person shall construct, install, modify or use any air contaminant source 

or stack associated with any source without first obtaining a permit from the Department or 

Board. A permit is not required for those sources or stacks as specified by ARM 

17.8.745(1)(a)-(k).

2. The permittee shall comply with ARM 17.8.743, 744, 745, 748, and 764.

3. ARM 17.8.745(1) specifies de minimis changes as construction or changed conditions of 

operation at a facility holding a Montana Air Quality Permit (MAQP) issued under Chapter 8 

that does not increase the facility’s potential to emit by more than 15 tons per year (TPY) of 

any pollutant, except (STATE ENFORCEABLE ONLY until approved by the EPA as part of 

the SIP):

a. Any construction or changed condition that would violate any condition in the facility’s 

existing MAQP or any applicable rule contained in Chapter 8 is prohibited, except as 

provided in ARM 17.8.745(2);

b. Any construction or changed conditions of operation that would qualify as a major 

modification under Subchapters 8, 9 or 10 of Chapter 8;

c. Any construction or changed condition of operation that would affect the plume rise or 

dispersion characteristic of emissions that would cause or contribute to a violation of an 

ambient air quality standard or ambient air increment as defined in ARM 17.8.804;

d. Any construction or improvement project with a Potential to Emit (PTE) more than 15 TPY

may not be artificially split into smaller projects to avoid Montana Air Quality Permitting; 

and

e. Emission reductions obtained through offsetting within a facility are not included when 

determining the potential emission increase from construction or changed conditions of 

operation, unless such reductions are made federally enforceable.
OP0513-07 52 Draft: 05/17/2011

4. Any facility making a de minimis change pursuant to ARM 17.8.745(1) shall notify the 

Department if the change would include a change in control equipment, stack height, stack 

diameter, stack gas temperature, source location or fuel specifications, or would result in an 

increase in source capacity above its permitted operation or the addition of a new emission unit. 

The notice must be submitted, in writing, 10 days prior to start up or use of the proposed de 

minimis change, or as soon as reasonably practicable in the event of an unanticipated 

circumstance causing the de minimis change, and must include the information requested in 

ARM 17.8.745(1) (STATE ENFORCEABLE ONLY until approval by the EPA as part of the 

SIP).

Z. National Emission Standard for Asbestos

40 CFR, Part 61, Subpart M

The permittee shall not conduct any asbestos abatement activities except in accordance with 40 CFR 

61, Subpart M (National Emission Standard for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Asbestos).

AA. Asbestos

ARM 17.74, Subchapter 3, General Provisions and Subchapter 4, Fees

The permittee shall comply with ARM 17.74.301, et seq., and ARM 17.74.401, et seq. (State only)

BB. Stratospheric Ozone Protection – Servicing of Motor Vehicle Air Conditioners

40 CFR, Part 82, Subpart B

If the permittee performs a service on motor vehicles and this service involves ozone-depleting 

substance/refrigerant in the motor vehicle air conditioner (MVAC), the permittee is subject to all the 

applicable requirements as specified in 40 CFR 82, Subpart B.

CC. Stratospheric Ozone Protection – Recycling and Emission Reductions

40 CFR, Part 82, Subpart F

The permittee shall comply with the standards for recycling and emission reductions in 40 CFR 82, 

Subpart F, except as provided for MVACs in Subpart B.

1. Persons opening appliances for maintenance, service, repair, or disposal must comply with the 

required practices pursuant to §82.156.

2. Equipment used during the maintenance, service, repair or disposal of appliances must comply 

with the standards for recycling and recovery equipment pursuant to §82.158.

3. Persons performing maintenance, service, repair, or disposal of appliances must be certified by 

an approved technical certification program pursuant to §82.161.

4. Persons disposing of small appliances, MVACs and MVAC-like (as defined at §82.152) 

appliances must comply with recordkeeping requirements pursuant to §82.166.

5. Persons owning commercial or industrial process refrigeration equipment must comply with the 

leak repair requirements pursuant to §82.156.

6. Owners/operators of appliances normally containing 50 or more pounds of refrigerant must 

keep records of refrigerant purchased and added to such appliances pursuant to §82.166.
OP0513-07 53 Draft: 05/17/2011

DD. Emergency Episode Plan

The permittee shall comply with the requirements contained in Chapter 9.7 of the State of Montana 

Air Quality Control Implementation Plan.

Each major source emitting 100 TPY located in a Priority I Air Quality Control Region, shall submit 

to the Department a legally enforceable Emergency Episode Action Plan (EEAP) that details how the 

source will curtail emissions during an air pollutant emergency episode. The industrial EEAP shall 

be in accordance with the Department’s EEAP and shall be submitted according to a timetable 

developed by the Department, following Priority I reclassification.

EE. Definitions

Terms not otherwise defined in this permit or in the Definitions and Abbreviations Appendix of this 

permit, shall have the meaning assigned to them in the referenced regulations.
OP0513-07 54 Draft: 05/17/2011

APPENDICES
OP0513-07 A-1 Draft: 05/17/2011

Appendix A INSIGNIFICANT EMISSION UNITS

Disclaimer: The information in this appendix is not State or Federally enforceable, but is presented to 

assist PPL, the permitting authority, inspectors, and the public.

Pursuant to ARM 17.8.1201(22)(a), an insignificant emission unit means any activity or emissions unit 

located within a source that: (i) has a PTE less than 5 TPY of any regulated pollutant; (ii) has a PTE less 

than 500 pounds per year of lead; (iii) has a PTE less than 500 pounds per year of Hazardous Air 

Pollutants (HAP) listed pursuant to Sec. 7412 (b) of the FCAA; and (iv) is not regulated by an applicable 

requirement, other than a generally applicable requirement that applies to all emission units subject to 

Subchapter 12.

List of Insignificant Activities:

The following table of insignificant sources and/or activities were provided by PPL. Because there are no 

requirements to update such a list, the emission units and/or activities may change from those specified in 

the table.

Emissions Unit ID Description

IEU01 Hydrazine Bulk Storage Tank Vent

IEU02 LPG Vaporizer

IEU03 Unit #1 Cooling Tower

IEU04 Unit #2 Cooling tower

IEU05 Unit #3 Cooling Tower

IEU06 Unit #4 Cooling Tower

IEU07 Waste Site

IEU08 Boiler Chemical Cleaning Process

IEU09 LPG System Safety Valves and Vents

IEU10 Process Tank Vents

IEU11 Process Ponds

IEU12 Boiler Chemical Cleaning Process

IEU13 Diesel Tanks

IEU14 Scrubber Relining P5rocess
OP0513-07 B-1 Draft: 05/17/2011

Appendix B DEFINITIONS and ABBREVIATIONS

"Act" means the Clean Air Act, as amended, 42 U.S. 7401, et seq.

"Administrative permit amendment" means an air quality operating permit revision that:

(a) Corrects typographical errors;

(b) Identifies a change in the name, address or phone number of any person identified in the air 

quality operating permit, or identifies a similar minor administrative change at the source;

(c) Requires more frequent monitoring or reporting by PPL;

(d) Requires changes in monitoring or reporting requirements that the Department deems to be 

no less stringent than current monitoring or reporting requirements;

(e) Allows for a change in ownership or operational control of a source if the Department has 

determined that no other change in the air quality operating permit is necessary, consistent 

with ARM 17.8.1225; or

(f) Incorporates any other type of change that the Department has determined to be similar to 

those revisions set forth in (a)-(e), above.

"Applicable requirement" means all of the following as they apply to emission units in a source 

requiring an air quality operating permit (including requirements that have been promulgated or approved

by the Department or the administrator through rule making at the time of issuance of the air quality 

operating permit, but have future-effective compliance dates, provided that such requirements apply to 

sources covered under the operating permit):

(a) Any standard, rule, or other requirement, including any requirement contained in a consent 

decree or judicial or administrative order entered into or issued by the Department, that is 

contained in the Montana state implementation plan approved or promulgated by the 

administrator through rule making under Title I of the FCAA;

(b) Any federally enforceable term, condition or other requirement of any Montana Air Quality 

Permit issued by the Department under Subchapters 7, 8, 9 and 10 of this chapter, or pursuant 

to regulations approved or promulgated through rule making under Title I of the FCAA, 

including Parts C and D;

(c) Any standard or other requirement under Sec. 7411 of the FCAA, including Sec. 7411(d);

(d) Any standard or other requirement under Sec. 7412 of the FCAA, including any requirement 

concerning accident prevention under Sec. 7412(r)(7), but excluding the contents of any risk 

management plan required under Sec. 7412(r);

(e) Any standard or other requirement of the acid rain program under Title IV of the FCAA or

regulations promulgated thereunder;

(f) Any requirements established pursuant to Sec. 7661c(b) or Sec. 7414(a)(3) of the FCAA;

(g) Any standard or other requirement governing solid waste incineration, under Sec. 7429 of the 

FCAA;
OP0513-07 B-2 Draft: 05/17/2011

(h) Any standard or other requirement for consumer and commercial products, under Sec. 

7511b(e) of the FCAA;

(i) Any standard or other requirement for tank vessels, under Sec. 7511b(f) of the FCAA;

(j) Any standard or other requirement of the regulations promulgated to protect stratospheric 

ozone under Title VI of the FCAA, unless the administrator determines that such 

requirements need not be contained in an air quality operating permit;

(k) Any national ambient air quality standard or increment or visibility requirement under Part C 

of Title I of the FCAA, but only as it would apply to temporary sources permitted pursuant to 

Sec. 7661c(e) of the FCAA; or

(l) Any federally enforceable term or condition of any air quality open burning permit issued by 

the Department under Subchapter 6.

"Department" means the Montana Department of Environmental Quality.

“Excess Emissions” means any visible emissions from a stack or source, viewed during the visual 

surveys, that meets or exceeds 15% opacity (or 30% opacity if associated with a 40% opacity limit) 

during normal operating conditions.

"Emissions unit" means any part or activity of a stationary source that emits or has the potential to emit 

any regulated air pollutant or any pollutant listed under Sec. 7412(b) of the FCAA. This term is not 

meant to alter or affect the definition of the term "unit" for purposes of Title IV of the FCAA.

"FCAA" means the Federal Clean Air Act, as amended.

"Federally enforceable" means all limitations and conditions which are enforceable by the 

administrator, including those requirements developed pursuant to 40 CFR Parts 60 and 61, requirements 

within the Montana State Implementation Plan, and any permit requirement established pursuant to 40 

CFR 52.21 or under regulations approved pursuant to 40 CFR Part 51, Subpart I, including operating 

permits issued under an EPA approved program that is incorporated into the Montana State 

Implementation Plan and expressly requires adherence to any permit issued under such program.

"Fugitive emissions" means those emissions that could not reasonably pass through a stack, chimney, 

vent, or other functionally equivalent opening.

"General air quality operating permit" or "general permit" means an air quality operating permit that 

meets the requirements of ARM 17.8.1222, covers multiple sources in a source category, and is issued in 

lieu of individual permits being issued to each source.

"Hazardous air pollutant" means any air pollutant listed as a hazardous air pollutant pursuant to Sec. 

112(b) of the FCAA. 

"Non-federally enforceable requirement" means the following as they apply to emission units in a 

source requiring an air quality operating permit:

(a) Any standard, rule, or other requirement, including any requirement contained in a consent 

decree, or judicial or administrative order entered into or issued by the Department, that is not 

contained in the Montana State Implementation Plan approved or promulgated by the 

administrator through rule making under Title I of the FCAA;
OP0513-07 B-3 Draft: 05/17/2011

(b) Any term, condition or other requirement contained in any Montana Air Quality Permit

issued by the Department under Subchapters 7, 8, 9 and 10 of this chapter that is not federally 

enforceable;

(c) Does not include any Montana ambient air quality standard contained in Subchapter 2 of this 

chapter.

“Operating Day” means any calendar day (midnight to midnight) in which any fuel is combusted in the 

unit.

"Permittee" means the owner or operator of any source subject to the permitting requirements of this 

subchapter, as provided in ARM 17.8.1204, that holds a valid air quality operating permit or has 

submitted a timely and complete permit application for issuance, renewal, amendment, or modification 

pursuant to this subchapter.

"Regulated air pollutant" means the following:

(a) Nitrogen oxides or any volatile organic compounds;

(b) Any pollutant for which a national ambient air quality standard has been promulgated;

(c) Any pollutant that is subject to any standard promulgated under Sec. 7411 of the FCAA;

(d) Any Class I or II substance subject to a standard promulgated under or established by Title VI 

of the FCAA; or

(e) Any pollutant subject to a standard or other requirement established or promulgated under 

Sec. 7412 of the FCAA, including but not limited to the following:

(i) Any pollutant subject to requirements under Sec. 7412(j) of the FCAA. If the 

administrator fails to promulgate a standard by the date established in Sec. 7412(e) of the 

FCAA, any pollutant for which a subject source would be major shall be considered to be 

regulated on the date 18 months after the applicable date established in Sec. 7412(e) of 

the FCAA; 

(ii) Any pollutant for which the requirements of Sec. 7412(g)(2) of the FCAA have been met 

but only with respect to the individual source subject to Sec. 7412(g)(2) requirement.

"Responsible official" means one of the following:

(a) For a corporation: a president, secretary, treasurer, or vice-president of the corporation in 

charge of a principal business function, or any other person who performs similar policy or 

decision-making functions for the corporation, or a duly authorized representative of such 

person if the representative is responsible for the overall operation of one or more 

manufacturing, production, or operating facilities applying for or subject to a permit and 

either:

(i) The facilities employ more than 250 persons or have gross annual sales or expenditures 

exceeding $25 million (in second quarter 1980 dollars); or 

(ii) The delegation of authority to such representative is approved in advance by the 

Department.
OP0513-07 B-4 Draft: 05/17/2011

(b) For a partnership or sole proprietorship: a general partner or the proprietor, respectively.

(c) For a municipality, state, federal, or other public agency: either a principal executive officer 

or ranking elected official. For the purposes of this part, a principal executive officer of a 

federal agency includes the chief executive officer having responsibility for the overall 

operations of a principal geographic unit of the agency (e.g., a regional administrator of the 

environmental protection agency).

(d) For affected sources: the designated representative in so far as actions, standards, 

requirements, or prohibitions under Title IV of the FCAA or the regulations promulgated 

thereunder are concerned, and the designated representative for any other purposes under this 

subchapter.
OP0513-07 B-5 Draft: 05/17/2011

Abbreviations:

ARM Administrative Rules of Montana

ASTM American Society of Testing Materials

BACT Best Available Control Technology

BDT bone dry tons

Btu British thermal unit

CFR Code of Federal Regulations

CO carbon monoxide

DEQ Department of Environmental Quality

dscf dry standard cubic foot

dscfm dry standard cubic foot per minute

EEAP Emergency Episode Action Plan

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

EPA Method Test methods contained in 40 CFR 60, Appendix A

EU emissions unit

FCAA Federal Clean Air Act

gr grains

HAP hazardous air pollutant

Hg mercury

IEU insignificant emissions unit

MAQP Montana Air Quality Permit

Mbdft thousand board feet

MEMS Mercury Emission Monitoring System

Method 5 40 CFR 60, Appendix A, Method 5

Method 9 40 CFR 60, Appendix A, Method 9

MMbdft million board feet

MMBtu million British thermal units

NOx oxides of nitrogen

NO2 nitrogen dioxide

O2 oxygen

Pb lead

PM particulate matter

PM10 particulate matter less than 10 microns in size

psi pounds per square inch

scf standard cubic feet

SIC Source Industrial Classification

SO2 sulfur dioxide

SOx oxides of sulfur

TPY tons per year

TBtu trillion British Thermal Units

U.S.C. United States Code

VE visible emissions

VOC volatile organic compound
OP0513-07 C-1 Draft: 05/17/2011

Appendix C NOTIFICATION ADDRESSES

Compliance Notifications:

Montana Department of Environmental Quality

Permitting and Compliance Division

Air Resources Management Bureau

P.O. Box 200901

Helena, MT 59620-0901

United States EPA

Air Program Coordinator

Region VIII, Montana Office

10 W. 15th, Suite 3200

Helena, MT 59626

Permit Modifications:

Montana Department of Environmental Quality

Permitting and Compliance Division

Air Resources Management Bureau

P.O. Box 200901

Helena, MT 59620-0901

Office of Partnerships and Regulatory Assistance

Air and Radiation Program

US EPA Region VIII 8P-AR

1595 Wynkoop Street

Denver, CO 80202 -1129
OP0513-07 D-1 Draft: 05/17/2011

Appendix D AIR QUALITY INSPECTOR INFORMATION

Disclaimer: The information in this appendix is not State or Federally enforceable, but is presented to 

assist PPL, permitting authority, inspectors, and the public.

1. Direction to Plant: The facility is located in PPL, Montana and is accessed by traveling south on 

Highway 39 from I-90 and turning east into the City of PPL on Willow Avenue.

2. Safety Equipment Required: The following safety guidelines were submitted by PPL:

General Safety Guidelines for PPL Units 1, 2, 3, & 4 

The following are excerpts from the PPL Employee Safety Handbook. These rules apply to all visitors as 

well. In all instances, visitors will be escorted by a Company employee.

Safety Glasses and Hard Hats: Approved eye protection and company issued hard hats are 

required while on PPL Project Division property, except in the following areas;

 Control Rooms

 Rest Rooms

 Lunch Rooms

 Offices

 To and from the parking lots and buildings

 Other areas as posted

Proper Clothing: Clothing and shoes, which are suitable for the particular type of work and 

existing weather conditions, shall be worn. The following should be kept in mind:

 Thin cotton, rayon, or other synthetic materials are highly flammable and will 

readily ignite.

 Long-sleeved shirts with sleeves rolled down and buttoned provide primary 

protection from many types of injuries, particularly from burns, electrical 

contact, irritants, splinters, and scratches.

 Cuffed trousers and short-topped shoes catch and hold hot or corrosive materials, 

endangering the wearer.

 Special protective clothing and equipment is furnished when required.

 Loose clothing and gloves must not be worn when working around moving 

machinery. Long sleeves must be rolled down and buttoned tight.

 For all functions involving the use of chemicals outside of the Chem Lab and 

EED lab, the use of goggles, face shields, chemical/resistant gloves, and 

chemical suits are required.

 It is mandatory that an acid suit shall be worn during all functions involving acids 

or caustics.

 Rubber gloves, Tyvek (white suits), or similar suits, rubber boots and vision 

protection shall be worn during all operations involving lime.
OP0513-07 D-2 Draft: 05/17/2011

Protective Footwear: Shoes of good quality construction, with leather or equivalent material to 

provide protection from abrasion and punctures, are required.

Signs: Special instruction signs are for the safety of employees, visitors, and equipment. These 

instructions shall be observed at all times:

 Caution Signs (Black and Yellow) – Indicate a possible hazard against which 

proper precaution should be taken. Caution signs warn against potential hazards 

or caution against an unsafe practice. 

 Danger Signs (Red, Black, and White) – Indicate immediate danger, and special 

precautions are necessary.

 Safety Instruction Signs (Green and White) – Provide general instructions and for 

suggestive information.

 Radiation Warning Signs (Reddish Purple and Yellow) – Warn of a radiation 

hazard only. Special precautions and equipment are necessary. 

 Direction Signs (Black and White) – Ensure the safe and efficient flow of 

vehicles and pedestrian traffic.

 Vision, Hearing and Respiratory Protection Signs, where posted, shall be 

observed.

Horseplay – Scuffling or practical jokes are dangerous and are strictly forbidden.

Smoking Policy – Smoking or open flames shall not be permitted in areas where explosive 

atmospheres might be present, including but not limited to, oil storage rooms, hydrogen areas, 

coal handling systems, LPG handling and storage facility, and any other area posted as a “NO 

SMOKING” area. Absence of “NO SMOKING” signs shall not excuse smoking in dangerous 

places.

Seat Belts – where seat belts are provided in vehicles and equipment, they shall be used at all 

times while the vehicle or equipment is being operated.

Drugs and Alcohol – the use of intoxicating beverages on Company premises is strictly 

forbidden. The use of any drug on Company property, except those prescribed by a competent 

medical authority, is strictly forbidden by Company Policy.

3. Facility Plot Plan: The facility plot plans were submitted as part of the applications for Operating 

Permit #OP0513-00 and Operating Permit #OP1187-00.
OP0513-07 E-1 Draft: 05/17/2011

Appendix E Opacity CEMS

Nothing in this appendix is intended to alter the requirements in the Acid Rain Appendix.

1. Pursuant to 40 CFR Part 75, PPL shall calibrate, maintain, and operate continuous monitoring 

systems. 

Except for system breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero and span adjustments required 

pursuant to 40 CFR §60.13(d), 40 CFR Part 75 and the accuracy audits required below, all continuous 

monitoring systems shall be in continuous operation.

PPL shall conduct annual accuracy audits using a calibration jig and NBS-traceable neutral density 

filters on the continuous monitoring system. 

2. PPL shall maintain records for a minimum of 5 years of the log sheets, computerized data, analysis, 

and calculations used to prepare the required reports.

3. Compliance with this appendix shall be deemed compliance with the requirements contained in the 

EPA PSD permit Appendix III issued September 11, 1979. 

4. Compliance with this appendix shall be deemed compliance with the requirements contained in 

MAQP Section II.C.1.e., Section II.C.2., Section II.E.1., and Section II.E.2.

5. PPL shall submit reports to the Department containing the information required by 40 CFR §60.7 and 

as required below. The Department is requiring all opacity CEMS reports to be submitted quarterly. 

a. PPL shall maintain records of the occurrence and duration of any startup, shutdown, or 

malfunction in the operation of an affected facility; any malfunction of the air pollution 

control equipment; or any periods during which the continuous monitoring system is 

inoperative.

b. PPL shall submit an excess emissions and monitoring systems performance report and/or a 

summary report form (see paragraph (c) below) to the Department. Written reports of 

reportable excess emissions greater than 20% opacity shall include the following information:

 i. The magnitude of excess emissions, any conversion factor(s) used, and the date and 

time of commencement and completion of each time period of excess emissions; and 

the process operating time during the reporting period. 

ii. Specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, 

shutdowns, and malfunctions of the affected facility; and the nature and cause of any 

malfunction (if known), the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted.

iii. The date and time identifying each period during which the continuous monitoring 

system was inoperative except for zero and span checks and the nature of the system 

repairs or adjustments.

iv. When no excess emissions have occurred or the continuous monitoring system(s) 

have not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted, such information shall be stated in 

the report.
OP0513-07 E-2 Draft: 05/17/2011

c. The summary report form shall contain the information and be in the format shown in Figure 

1. The summary report form shall be submitted:

i. If the total duration of excess emissions for the reporting period is less than 1% of the 

total operating time for the reporting period and CEMS downtime for the reporting 

period is less than 5% of the total operating time for the reporting period, only the 

summary report form shall be submitted and the excess emission report described in 

Section (b) above need not be submitted unless requested. 

ii. If the total duration of excess emissions for the reporting period is 1% or greater of 

the total operating time for the reporting period or the total CEMS downtime for the 

reporting period is 5% or greater of the total operating time for the reporting period, 

the summary report form and the excess emission report described in Section (b) 

above shall both be submitted.

Figure 1--Summary Report-- Excess Emission and Monitoring

System Performance

Pollutant:

Reporting period dates: From _____ to _______

Emission Limitation:

Monitor Manufacturer and Model No.: 

Date of Latest CEMS Certification or Audit:

Process Unit(s) Description: 

Total source operating time in reporting period: 

Emission Data Summary

1. Duration of excess emission in reporting period due to:

a. Startup/shutdown.

b. Control equipment problems.

c. Process problems.

d. Other known causes.

e. Unknown causes.

2. Total duration of excess emissions.

3. Total duration of excess emissions x (100) = % excess emissions

Total Boiler Operating Time

CEMS Performance Summary

1. CEMS downtime in reporting period due to:

a. Monitor equipment malfunctions.

b. Non-Monitor equipment malfunctions.

c. Quality assurance calibrations.

d. Other known causes.

e. Unknown causes.

2. Total CEMS Downtime when the boiler is operating (nearest quarter hour).

3. Total CEMS downtime when the boiler is operating x 100 = % downtime

Total boiler operating time

4. Total boiler operating time (nearest quarter hour).

The quarterly reports must be postmarked by the 30th day after the end of each quarter.
OP0513-07 F-1 Draft: 05/17/2011

Appendix F SO2 CEMS

Nothing in this appendix is intended to alter the requirements in the Acid Rain Appendix.

1. Pursuant to 40 CFR Part 75, PPL shall calibrate, maintain, and operate continuous monitoring 

systems. 

The monitoring systems shall be capable of determining emissions in the units of the applicable 

standards.

Except for system breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero and span adjustments required 

pursuant to 40 CFR Part 75, all continuous monitoring systems shall be in continuous operation.

2. Compliance with 40 CFR Part 75 shall be deemed compliance with the requirements contained in 40 

CFR §60.13(a) through (c), (e) through (g), and (i) through (j) and with 40 CFR §60.45(c).

3. Compliance with 40 CFR Part 75 and this appendix shall be deemed compliance with the 

requirements contained in the EPA PSD permit Appendix III issued September 11, 1979. 

4. Compliance with 40 CFR Part 75 and this appendix shall be deemed compliance with the 

requirements contained in MAQP Section II.C.1.e., Section II.C.2., Section II.E.1., and Section II.E.2.

5. PPL shall maintain records for a minimum of 5 years of the log sheets, computerized data, analysis, 

and calculations used to prepare the required reports.

6. PPL shall submit reports to the Department containing the information required by 40 CFR §60.7 and 

as required below. The Department is requiring all SO2 CEMS reports to be submitted quarterly. 

a. PPL shall maintain records of the occurrence and duration of any startup, shutdown, or 

malfunction in the operation of an affected facility; any malfunction of the air pollution 

control equipment; or any periods during which the continuous monitoring system is 

inoperative.

b. PPL shall submit an excess emissions and monitoring systems performance report and/or a 

summary report form (see Paragraph (c) below) to the Department. Written reports of excess 

emissions shall be reported in the units of the standard exceeded and shall include the 

following information:

 i. The magnitude of excess emissions, any conversion factor(s) used, and the date and 

time of commencement and completion of each time period of excess emissions; and 

the process operating time during the reporting period. 

ii. Specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, 

shutdowns, and malfunctions of the affected facility; and the nature and cause of any 

malfunction (if known), the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted.

 iii. The date and time identifying each period during which the continuous monitoring 

system was inoperative except for zero and span checks and the nature of the system 

repairs or adjustments. 

iv. When no excess emissions have occurred or the continuous monitoring system(s) 

have not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted, such information shall be stated in 

the report.
OP0513-07 F-2 Draft: 05/17/2011

c. The summary report form shall contain the information and be in the format shown in Figure 

1. The summary report form shall be submitted: 

 i. If the total duration of excess emissions for the reporting period is less than 1% of the 

total operating time for the reporting period and CEMS downtime for the reporting 

period is less than 5% of the total operating time for the reporting period, only the 

summary report form shall be submitted and the excess emission report described in 

Section (b) above need not be submitted unless requested. 

ii. If the total duration of excess emissions for the reporting period is 1% or greater of 

the total operating time for the reporting period or the total CEMS downtime for the 

reporting period is 5% or greater of the total operating time for the reporting period, 

the summary report form and the excess emission report described in Section (b) 

above shall both be submitted.

Figure 1--Summary Report--Gaseous Excess Emission and Monitoring

System Performance

Pollutant:

Reporting period dates: From _____ to _______

Emission Limitation:

Monitor Manufacturer and Model No.: 

Date of Latest CEMS Certification or Audit:

Process Unit(s) Description: 

Total source operating time in reporting period: 

Emission Data Summary

1. Duration of excess emission in reporting period due to:

a. Startup/shutdown.

b. Control equipment problems.

c. Process problems.

d. Other known causes.

e. Unknown causes.

2. Total duration of excess emissions.

3. Total duration of excess emissions x (100) = % excess emissions

Total Boiler Operating Time

CEMS Performance Summary

1. CEMS downtime in reporting period due to:

a. Monitor equipment malfunctions.

b. Non-Monitor equipment malfunctions.

c. Quality assurance calibrations.

d. Other known causes.

e. Unknown causes.

2. Total CEMS Downtime when the boiler is operating (nearest quarter hour).

3. Total CEMS downtime when the boiler is operating x 100 = % downtime

Total boiler operating time

4. Total boiler operating time (nearest quarter hour).

The quarterly reports must be postmarked by the 30th day after the end of each quarter.
OP0513-07 F-3 Draft: 05/17/2011

7. PPL shall submit quarterly reports to the Department containing the following information for each 

month of the quarter:

a. Tons of emissions calculated as the sum of Eh=K x Ch x Qh where Eh = emission rate (lb/hr), 

K = 1.66 x 10-7(lb/scf)/ppm (SO2), Ch = Measured Pollutant Concentration (ppmwet), and Qh 

= Measured Stack Gas Flow Rate (SCFHwet); and 

b. A summary report including the information identified in 40 CFR §75.64 (a)(2) in writing 

that includes:

Tons (rounded to the nearest tenth) of SO2 emitted during the quarter and cumulative SO2

emissions for calendar year. 

The quarterly reports must be postmarked by the 30th day after the end of the calendar quarter.

8. PPL shall submit copies of all RATAs performed to the Department in accordance with ARM 

17.8.106, Source Testing Protocol.

9. PPL shall submit copies of each monitoring plan revision that results in the need to recertify the 

CEMS.
OP0513-07 G-1 Draft: 05/17/2011

Appendix G NOx CEMS

Nothing in this appendix is intended to alter the requirements in the Acid Rain Appendix.

1. Pursuant to 40 CFR Part 75, PPL shall calibrate, maintain, and operate continuous monitoring 

systems. 

The monitoring systems shall be capable of determining emissions in the units of the applicable 

standards.

Except for system breakdowns, repairs, calibration checks, and zero and span adjustments required 

pursuant to 40 CFR Part 75, all continuous monitoring systems shall be in continuous operation.

2. Compliance with 40 CFR Part 75 shall be deemed compliance with the requirements contained in 40 

CFR §60.13(a) through (c), (e) through (g), and (i) through (j) and 40 CFR §60.45(c).

3. Compliance with 40 CFR Part 75 and this appendix shall be deemed compliance with the 

requirements contained in the EPA PSD permit Appendix III issued September 11, 1979. 

4. Compliance with 40 CFR Part 75 and this appendix shall be deemed compliance with the 

requirements contained in MAQP Section II.C.1.e., Section II.C.2., Section II.E.1., and Section II.E.2.

5. PPL shall conduct a “Standard Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke”, ASTM D5291-92, 

at a minimum of once per year for each fuel used.

6. PPL shall determine the gross calorific value (GCV) of the fuels using ASTM D2015-91, “Standard 

Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke by the Adiabatic Bomb Calorimeter” or 

other method as identified in 40 CFR Part 75, Appendix F, §3.3.6.2, at a minimum of once per year 

for each fuel used.

7. PPL shall conduct a weekly fuel analysis using ASTM D4239-85 or other method approved by the 

Department.

8. PPL shall maintain records for a minimum of 5 years of the log sheets, computerized data, analysis, 

and calculations used to prepare the required reports.

9. PPL shall submit reports to the Department containing the information required by 40 CFR §60.7 and 

as required below. The Department is requiring all NOx CEMS reports to be submitted quarterly. 

a. PPL shall maintain records of the occurrence and duration of any startup, shutdown, or 

malfunction in the operation of an affected facility; any malfunction of the air pollution 

control equipment; or any periods during which the continuous monitoring system is 

inoperative.

b. PPL shall submit an excess emissions and monitoring systems performance report and/or a 

summary report form (see paragraph (c) below) to the Department. Written reports of excess 

emissions shall be reported in the units of the standard exceeded and shall include the 

following information: 

 i. The magnitude of excess emissions, any conversion factor(s) used, and the date and 

time of commencement and completion of each time period of excess emissions; and 

the process operating time during the reporting period.
OP0513-07 G-2 Draft: 05/17/2011

ii. Specific identification of each period of excess emissions that occurs during startups, 

shutdowns, and malfunctions of the affected facility; and the nature and cause of any 

malfunction (if known), the corrective action taken or preventative measures adopted. 

 iii. The date and time identifying each period during which the continuous monitoring 

system was inoperative except for zero and span checks and the nature of the system 

repairs or adjustments. 

iv. When no excess emissions have occurred or the continuous monitoring system(s) 

have not been inoperative, repaired, or adjusted, such information shall be stated in 

the report.

c. The summary report form shall contain the information and be in the format shown in Figure 

1. The summary report form shall be submitted 

 i. If the total duration of excess emissions for the reporting period is less than 1% of the 

total operating time for the reporting period and CEMS downtime for the reporting 

period is less than 5% of the total operating time for the reporting period, only the 

summary report form shall be submitted and the excess emission report described in 

Section (b) above need not be submitted unless requested. 

ii. If the total duration of excess emissions for the reporting period is 1% or greater of 

the total operating time for the reporting period or the total CEMS downtime for the 

reporting period is 5% or greater of the total operating time for the reporting period, 

the summary report form and the excess emission report described in Section (b) 

above shall both be submitted.
OP0513-07 G-3 Draft: 05/17/2011

Figure 1--Summary Report--Gaseous Excess Emission and Monitoring

System Performance

Pollutant:

Reporting period dates: From _____ to _______

Emission Limitation:

Monitor Manufacturer and Model No.: 

Date of Latest CEMS Certification or Audit:

Process Unit(s) Description: 

Total source operating time in reporting period: 

Emission Data Summary

1. Duration of excess emission in reporting period due to:

a. Startup/shutdown.

b. Control equipment problems.

c. Process problems.

d. Other known causes.

e. Unknown causes.

2. Total duration of excess emissions.

3. Total duration of excess emissions x (100) = % excess emissions

Total Boiler Operating Time

CEMS Performance Summary

1. CEMS downtime in reporting period due to:

a. Monitor equipment malfunctions.

b. Non-Monitor equipment malfunctions.

c. Quality assurance calibrations.

d. Other known causes.

e. Unknown causes.

2. Total CEMS Downtime when the boiler is operating (nearest quarter hour).

3. Total CEMS downtime when the boiler is operating x 100 = % downtime

Total boiler operating time

4. Total boiler operating time (nearest quarter hour).

The quarterly reports must be postmarked by the 30th day after the end of each quarter.

10. PPL shall submit quarterly reports to the Department containing the following information for each 

month of the quarter: 

a. Monthly average coal analysis;

b. Coal consumption; 

c. Other fuels combusted and the amount; 
OP0513-07 G-4 Draft: 05/17/2011

d. Tons of emissions calculated as the sum of Eh=K x Ch x Qh where Eh = emission rate (lb/hr), 

K = 1.19 x 10-7(lb/scf)/ppm (NOx), Ch = Measured Pollutant Concentration (ppmwet), and Qh

= Measured Stack Gas Flow Rate (SCFHwet); and 

e. A summary report including the information identified in 40 CFR §75.64 (a)(3) through (5) in 

writing which includes:

i. Average NOx emission rate (lb/mmBtu, rounded to the nearest hundredth) during the 

quarter and cumulative NOx emission rate for calendar year.

ii. Tons of CO2 emitted during quarter and cumulative CO2 for calendar year.

iii. Total heat input (mmBtu) for quarter and cumulative heat input for calendar year.

The quarterly reports must be postmarked by the 30th day after the end of the calendar quarter.

11. PPL shall submit copies of all RATAs performed to the Department in accordance with ARM 

17.8.106, Source Testing Protocol.

12. PPL shall submit copies of each monitoring plan revision that results in the need to a recertify the 

CEMS.
OP0513-07 H-1 Draft: 05/17/2011

Appendix H Acid Rain 
OP0513-07 H-2 Draft: 05/17/2011
OP0513-07 H-3 Draft: 05/17/2011
OP0513-07 I-1 Draft: 05/17/2011

Appendix I Compliance Assurance Monitoring Plan 

Monitoring Approach for PM for Units 1-4

A. General Criteria

 1. Performance Indicator Stack Opacity

 2. Measurement Approach COMS

 3. Indicator Range A particulate matter excursion is defined as when a 

3-hour Rolling average opacity is > 20%

B. Performance Criteria

 1. Data Representativeness Opacity is measured in the stack

 2. Verification of Operational Status An operator on a continuous basis monitors stack 

opacity in the Control Room, Data is recorded and 

stored in a Data Acquisition System (DAS).

 3. QA/QC Practices & Criteria As per the PPL CEMS QA Plan:

 Daily – COMS Calibration Drift

 Quarterly – Walkthrough Audit Assessment

 Quarterly – Opacity Accuracy Audit

As per 40 CFR 60, Subpart D:

 Annual – Reference Method 5 Test

 4. Monitoring Frequency

 Data Collection Procedures

 Averaging Period

Opacity is measured on a continuous basis

Opacity data is collected & stored in the DAS

Minute (6 minute, hourly, and 3-hour averages are 

calculated).

 5. Exceedance/Excursion Reporting

 Particulate Excursion

6-minute average opacity excesses > 20%, except 

that one six-minute period per hour of up to 27% 

opacity is allowed. Reporting is on a quarterly 

basis.

3-hour rolling average opacity of > 20% are 

reported on a quarterly basis.

Although the complete hard copy of Appendix I is not included in the permit, the contents of Appendix I, 

PPL’s CAM Plan remain as applicable requirements as stated in the Title V Operating Permit #OP0513-

07. To receive a hard copy of this appendix, please contact one of the following:

The Department of Environmental Quality

Permitting and Compliance Division

Air Resources Management Bureau

1520 E. Sixth Ave. 

P.O. Box 200901

Helena, MT 59620-0901

Bureau Phone #: (406) 444-3490

OR

PPL Montana, LLC

PPL Steam Electric Station

P.O. Box 38

PPL, MT 59323

Phone #: (406) 748-5066
OP0513-07 J-1 Draft: 05/17/2011

Appendix J Mercury Emissions Monitoring System (MEMS)

MEMS

a. For each Unit 1-4, PPL shall install, calibrate, certify, maintain, and operate an MEMS to monitor 

and record the rate of mercury emissions discharged into the atmosphere from all mercury 

emitting generating units (units) as defined in the Administrative Rules of Montana 17.8.740.

(1) The MEMS shall be comprised of equipment as required in 40 CFR 75.81(a) and defined in 

40 CFR 72.2.

(2) The MEMS shall conform to all applicable requirements of 40 CFR Part 75.

(3) The MEMS data will be used to demonstrate compliance with the emission limitations 

contained in Section III.L.1.

b. PPL shall prepare, maintain and submit a written MEMS Monitoring Plan to the Department.

(1) The monitoring plan shall contain sufficient information on the MEMS and the use of data 

derived from these systems to demonstrate that all the gaseous mercury stack emissions from 

each unit are monitored and reported.

(2) Whenever PPL makes a replacement, modification, or change in a MEMS or alternative 

monitoring system under 40 CFR 75 subpart E, including a change in the automated data 

acquisition and handling system (DAHS) or in the flue gas handling system, that affects 

information reported in the monitoring plan (e.g. a change to a serial number for a component 

of a monitoring system), then the owner or operator shall update the monitoring plan.

(3) If any monitoring plan information requires an update pursuant to Section b.(2), submission 

of the written monitoring plan update shall be completed prior to or concurrent with the 

submittal of the quarterly report required in c. below for the quarter in which the update is 

required.

(4) The initial submission of the Monitoring Plan to the Department shall include a copy of a 

written Quality Assurance/Quality Control (QA/QC) Plan as detailed in 40 CFR 75 Appendix 

B, Section 1. Subsequently, the QA/QC Plan need only be submitted to the Department when 

it is substantially revised. Substantial revisions can include items such as changes in QA/QC 

processes resulting from rule changes, modifications in the frequency or timing of QA/QC 

procedures, or the addition/deletion of equipment or procedures.

(5) The Monitoring Plan shall include, at a minimum, the following information:

(a) Facility summary including:

(i) A description of each mercury-emitting generating unit at the facility.

(ii) Maximum and average loads (in megawatts (MW)) with fuels combusted and fuel 

flow rates at the maximum and average loads for each unit.

(iii)A description of each unit’s air pollution control equipment and a description of the 

physical characteristics of each unit’s stack.
OP0513-07 J-2 Draft: 05/17/2011

(b) Mercury emission control summary including a description of control strategies, 

equipment, and design process rates.

(c) MEMS description, including:

(i) Identification and description of each monitoring component in the MEMS including 

manufacturer and model identifications; monitoring method descriptions; and normal 

operating scale and units descriptions. Descriptions of stack flow, diluent gas, and 

moisture monitors (if used) in the system must be described in addition to the 

mercury monitor or monitors.

(ii) A description of the normal operating process for each monitor including a 

description of all QA/QC checks.

(iii)A description of the methods that will be employed to verify and maintain the 

accuracy and precision of the MEMS calibration equipment.

(iv) Identification and description of the DAHS, including major hardware and software 

components, conversion formulas, constants, factors, averaging processes, and 

missing data substitution procedures.

(v) A description of all initial certification and ongoing recertification tests and 

frequencies; as well as all accuracy auditing tests and frequencies.

(d) The Maximum Potential Concentration (MPC), Maximum Expected Concentration 

(MEC), span value, and range value as applicable and as defined in 40 CFR 75 Appendix 

A, 2.1.7.

(e) Examples of all data reports required in c. below.

c. PPL shall submit written, Quarterly Mercury Monitoring Reports. The reports shall be received 

by the Department within 30 days following the end of each calendar quarter, and shall include, at 

a minimum, the following:

(1) Mercury emissions. The reports shall include:

(a) For each Unit 1-4, the monthly average lb/TBtu mercury emission rate for each month of 

the quarter;

(b) For each Unit 1-4, the 12-month rolling average lb/TBtu emission rate for each month of 

the reporting quarter. The rolling 12-month basis is an average of the last 12 individual 

calendar monthly averages, with each monthly average calculated at the end of each 

calendar month; and

(c) For each Unit 1-4, the total heat input to the boiler (in TBtu) for each 12-month rolling 

period of the quarter.

(d) The 12-month facility-wide rolling average lb/TBtu mercury emission rate, calculated 

according to Section III.L.1, for each month of the quarter.
OP0513-07 J-3 Draft: 05/17/2011

(2) Mercury excess emissions. The report shall describe the magnitude of excess mercury 

emissions experienced during the quarter, including:

(a) The date and time of commencement and completion of each period of excess emissions. 

Periods of excess emissions shall be defined as those emissions calculated on a rolling 

12-month basis which are greater than the limitation established in Section III.L.1.

(b) The nature and cause of each period of excess emissions and the corrective action taken 

or preventative measures adopted in response.

(c) If no periods of excess mercury emissions were experienced during the quarter, the report 

shall state that information.

(3) MEMS performance. The report shall describe:

(a) The number of operating hours that the MEMS was unavailable or not operating within 

quality assurance limits (monitor downtime) during the reporting quarter, broken down 

by the following categories:

• Monitor equipment malfunctions;

• Non-Monitor equipment malfunctions;

• Quality assurance calibration;

• Other known causes; and

• Unknown causes.

(b) The percentage of unit operating time that the MEMS was unavailable or not operating 

within quality assurance limits (monitor downtime) during the reporting quarter. The 

percentage of monitor downtime in each calendar quarter shall be calculated according to 

the following formula:

 

% 100

OpHours

MEMSDownHours MEMSDowntime where

MEMSDowntime% = Percentage of unit operating hours classified as MEMS 

monitor downtime during the reporting quarter.

MEMSDownHours = Total number of hours of MEMS monitor downtime 

during the reporting quarter.

OpHours = Total number of hours the unit operated during the 

reporting quarter.

(c) For any reporting quarter in which monitor downtime exceeds 10%, a description of each 

time period during which the MEMS was inoperative or operating in a manner defined in 

40 CFR Part 75 as “out of control.” Each description must include the date, start and end 

times, total downtime (in hours), the reason for the system downtime, and any necessary 

corrective actions that were taken. In addition, the report shall describe the values used 

for any periods when missing data substitution was necessary as detailed in 40 CFR 

75.30, et seq.
OP0513-07 J-4 Draft: 05/17/2011

(4) The quarterly report shall include the results of any QA/QC audits, checks, or tests conducted 

to satisfy the requirements of 40 CFR Part 75 Appendices A, B or K.

(5) Compliance certification. Each quarterly report shall contain a certification statement signed 

by the facility’s responsible official based on reasonable inquiry of those persons with 

primary responsibility for ensuring that all of the unit's emissions are correctly and fully 

monitored. The certification shall indicate:

(a) Whether the monitoring data submitted were recorded in accordance with the applicable 

requirements of 40 CFR Part 75 including the QA/QC procedures and specifications of 

that part and its appendices, and any such requirements, procedures and specifications of 

an applicable excepted or approved alternative monitoring method as represented in the 

approved Monitoring Plan.

(b) That for all hours where data are substituted in accordance with 40 CFR 75.38, the addon mercury emission controls were operating within the range of parameters listed in the 

quality-assurance plan for the unit, and that the substitute values do not systematically 

underestimate mercury emissions.

(6) The format of each component of the quarterly report may be negotiated with the 

Department’s representative to accommodate the capabilities and formats of the facility’s 

DAHS.

(7) Each quarterly report must be received by the Department within 30 days following the end 

of each calendar reporting period (January-March, April-June, July-September, and OctoberDecember).

(8) The electronic data reporting detailed in 40 CFR Part 75 shall not be required unless Montana 

is able to receive and process data in an electronic format.

d. PPL shall maintain a file of all measurements and performance testing results from the MEMS; all 

MEMS performance evaluations; all MEMS or monitoring device calibration checks and audits; and 

records of all adjustments and maintenance performed on these systems or devices recorded in a 

permanent form suitable for inspection. The file shall be retained on site for at least 5 years following 

the date of such measurements and reports. PPL shall make these records available for inspection by 

the Department and shall supply these records to the Department upon request.