{"id":89829,"date":"2015-06-03T16:43:00","date_gmt":"2015-06-03T20:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?migration=converted-node-348890"},"modified":"2023-07-25T11:24:51","modified_gmt":"2023-07-25T15:24:51","slug":"f-15b-test-bed","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/f-15b-test-bed\/","title":{"rendered":"F-15B Aeronautics Research Test Bed"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro\"><div class=\"width-full maxw-full article-header\"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full\"><p class=\"label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0\">6 min read<\/p><h1 class=\"display-48 margin-bottom-2\">F-15B Aeronautics Research Test Bed<\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/f-15b-tests-feasibility-of-using-probes-air-air-shockwave-probing\/\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1041\" height=\"694\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/518007main_ED11-0037-01_full_full.jpg?w=1041\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"F-15B Tests Feasibility of Using Probes for Air-to-Air Shockwave Probing\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/518007main_ED11-0037-01_full_full.jpg 1041w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/518007main_ED11-0037-01_full_full.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/518007main_ED11-0037-01_full_full.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/518007main_ED11-0037-01_full_full.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/518007main_ED11-0037-01_full_full.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/518007main_ED11-0037-01_full_full.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/518007main_ED11-0037-01_full_full.jpg?resize=900,600 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1041px) 100vw, 1041px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The Eagle Aero probes fly attached to the red device underneath NASA’s F-15B research test bed aircraft during a test flight in early 2011.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA \/ Carla Thomas<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>NASA\u2019s Armstrong Flight Research Center in Edwards, California, uses a modified F-15B aircraft as a test bed for a variety of flight research experiments. Coupled with either a flight test fixture or a propulsion flight test fixture mounted underneath the aircraft, the F-15B provides a unique flight research capability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Aircraft Description<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Armstrong\u2019s F-15B is a two-seat version of the F-15 tactical fighter aircraft built by McDonnell Douglas, now a division of The Boeing Company. The aircraft was obtained in 1993 from the Hawaii Air National Guard. In addition to flying research missions, Armstrong\u2019s F-15B also is used for crew training, pilot proficiency, and safety chase support for other research aircraft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bearing NASA tail number 836, the F-15B is 64 feet long and has a wingspan of just less than 43 feet. It is powered by two Pratt and Whitney F100-PW-100 turbofan engines that can produce almost 24,000 pounds of thrust each in full afterburner. It is capable of dash speeds well in excess of Mach 2, more than twice the speed of sound, at altitudes of 40,000 to 60,000 feet; although, speeds are limited to Mach 2 when a flight test fixture is mounted beneath the fuselage. The aircraft has a full-fuel takeoff weight of about 42,000 pounds and a landing weight of about 32,000 pounds. It has aerial refueling capability for extended-duration research missions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A data acquisition system gives the F-15B a capability that makes it one of the most versatile research aircraft NASA flies. The data system includes a research airdata system for the aircraft itself, a Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation package, a nose boom that contains an airdata probe, a digital data recorder and telemetry antennas. In addition, an on-board video system monitored from the rear seat of the cockpit transmits high-speed airborne video and photography to researchers on the ground.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Flight Test Fixtures<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The F-15B carries one of several flight test fixtures mounted underneath its fuselage to help conduct flight research experiments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The advanced flight test fixture is built primarily of carbon\/epoxy materials and is in two sections: an upper avionics pylon and a lower test article. The avionics pylon is a permanent structure housing avionics, research instrumentation, and other support equipment. Individual experiments are mounted on the lower section for flight testing. When needed, a removable air data probe is installed near the bottom of the test article\u2019s nose. Since the lower section is removable, it may be replaced by other aerodynamic shapes for specific experiments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A propulsion flight test fixture (PFTF) allows the aircraft to carry and test advanced prototype engines and propulsion technology. It is a \u201cflying engine test stand,\u201d allowing actual flight data on experimental engines that would otherwise be gleaned from traditional ground test stands. The PFTF is equipped with three bays containing removable racks that can be used for experimental systems, instrumentation, and other critical equipment for a research mission, including small fuel tanks and instrumentation for experimental engines. The PFTF also is equipped with a force balance consisting of two instrumented attachment points for small test engines. The force balance instrumentation can measure various parameters on an experimental engine, such as thrust, inlet drag, and aerodynamic movement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The centerline instrumented pylon (CLIP) is a test pylon that was structurally designed to carry larger span experiments, such as an airfoil, underneath the centerline of the F-15B aircraft. The CLIP has a large splitter plate at its bottom to protect the experimental attachments below from aircraft noise and airflow disturbances, as well as to promote airflow around the test article.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Recent Research<\/b><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Channeled Centerbody Inlet Experiment<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1365\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"The channeled center-body inlet design, shown here in a subscale test version is mounted underneath NASA's F-15B \" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg 2136w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0258-06.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The channeled center-body inlet design, shown here in a subscale test version mounted underneath NASA’s F-15B flight text fixture, could improve airflow and fuel efficiency of jet engines at a wide variety of speeds.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA \/ Tony Landis<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>The F-15B research aircraft flight-tested an advanced propulsion concept, the Channeled Centerbody Inlet Experiment (CCIE) in 2011. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A primary research objective of CCIE was to define and measure the airflow through an experimental jet engine inlet, then compare it to the airflow through a standard inlet by use of two interchangeable center bodies installed in the engine inlet that directed and compressed airflow through the engine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One center body was channeled; the other had a conventional, smooth shape. Slots cut along the length of the channeled center body simulated a simple device that in an actual inlet would allow optimization of the amount of air flowing into the engine, resulting in improved airflow efficiency at a wide variety of speeds and improved fuel efficiency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"> <b>Eagle Aero Probes<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Armstrong\u2019s F-15B was also used to flight test two new supersonic shock- wave probes to determine their viability as research tools in 2011. Sonic boom researchers expect the probes developed by Eagle Aeronautics of Hampton, Virginia, to aid their understanding of supersonic shock waves. The ultimate goal of NASA\u2019s sonic boom research is to find ways to control and lessen the noise from shock waves, so that supersonic flight could become more routine.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed10-0183-011.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1152\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed10-0183-011.jpg?w=1500\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Aerion Corporation's test article used in the initial Supersonic Boundary Layer Transition flight test project \" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed10-0183-011.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed10-0183-011.jpg?resize=300,230 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed10-0183-011.jpg?resize=768,590 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed10-0183-011.jpg?resize=1024,786 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed10-0183-011.jpg?resize=400,307 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed10-0183-011.jpg?resize=600,461 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed10-0183-011.jpg?resize=900,691 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed10-0183-011.jpg?resize=1200,922 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Aerion Corporation’s test article used in the initial Supersonic Boundary Layer Transition flight test project in 2010 is shown attached to the Centerline Instrumented Pylon slung beneath NASA’s F-15B research aircraft.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA \/ Tony Landis<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><b>Supersonic Boundary Layer Transition Laminar Flow Studies<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2010, NASA Armstrong partnered with the Aerion Corp. for the first phase of a flight experiment called the Supersonic Boundary Layer Transition (SBLT) project, an effort accomplished through a Space Act Agreement between the two partners. NASA Armstrong provided the F-15B test bed along with the required ground and flight support for the effort. NASA and Aerion shared in the resulting data from the flights, which took the experiment to speeds up to Mach 2.0, or twice the speed of sound.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The flights gathered baseline data on a composite flat plate to aid calibration of instrumentation designed to investigate the extent and stability of natural laminar or smooth airflow at supersonic speeds over a special test airfoil section during second-phase flights scheduled for 2012. Engineers used the data to determine the effect of airfoil manufacturing tolerances on laminar airflow. Aerion engineers expect the research to aid in development of a highly efficient laminar-flow airfoil design for the firm\u2019s planned supersonic business aircraft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\n<b>Quiet Spike<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1361\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg?resize=300,199 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg?resize=768,510 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg?resize=1024,680 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg?resize=1536,1020 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg?resize=2048,1361 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg?resize=400,266 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg?resize=600,399 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg?resize=900,598 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg?resize=1200,797 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed06-0111-08.jpg?resize=2000,1329 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The 24-foot-long “Quiet Spike” sonic boom mitigator mounted on the nose of NASA’s F-15B test bed was developed by Gulfstream Aerospace as a means of controlling and reducing the sonic boom caused by an aircraft flying faster than sound.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA \/ Tom Tschida<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>From 2006 to 2009, Gulfstream Aerospace and NASA Armstrong teamed in a project called Quiet Spike\u2122 to investigate the suppression of sonic booms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The project centered around a retractable, 24-foot-long lance-like spike mounted on the nose of NASA\u2019s F-15B. When the aircraft flew at supersonic speeds, the spike created three small shock waves that travelled parallel to each other all the way to the ground, producing less noise than typical shock waves that build up at the front of supersonic jets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\n<b>Space Shuttle Return-to-Flight<\/b><\/h3>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1638\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Two panels of Space Shuttle TPS insulation were mounted on the flight test fixture underneath NASA's F-15B\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg?resize=300,240 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg?resize=768,614 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg?resize=1024,819 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg?resize=1536,1229 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg?resize=2048,1638 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg?resize=400,320 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg?resize=600,480 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg?resize=900,720 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg?resize=1200,960 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ec05-0030-04.jpg?resize=2000,1600 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Two panels of Space Shuttle TPS insulation were mounted on the flight test fixture underneath NASA’s F-15B during the Lifting Foam Trajectory flight test series in 2005.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA \/ Jim Ross<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>As part of NASA\u2019s space shuttle return-to-flight effort following the loss of the shuttle Columbia and its crew during the STS-107 re-entry from space on Feb. 1, 2003, engineers at NASA\u2019s Johnson Space Center asked Armstrong to help model insulating foam loss from the shuttle\u2019s external fuel tanks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The flight test effort, called the Lifting Insulating Foam Trajectory project, used a Dryden (now Armstrong)-designed foam ejection system installed in the F-15B\u2019s flight test fixture to acquire data on how insulating foam debris or \u201cdivots\u201d behaved when the small pieces were shed from shuttle external fuel tanks during launch. The F-15B tested the flight characteristics of the divots in a real flight environment at speeds up to Mach 2.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details\">\n<section class=\"padding-x-0 padding-top-5 padding-bottom-2 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-2 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Share<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"social-icons social-icons-round\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-x\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a 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feed.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 800 800\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M493 652H392c0-134-111-244-244-244V307c189 0 345 156 345 345zm71 0c0-228-188-416-416-416V132c285 0 520 235 520 520z\"\/><circle cx=\"219\" cy=\"581\" r=\"71\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Details<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading\">Last Updated<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8\">Jul 25, 2023<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\"><div class=\"grid-col-4\"><div class=\"subheading\">Editor<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-col-8\">Dede Dinius<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-row\"><div class=\"grid-col-4\"><div class=\"subheading\">Location<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-col-8\"><a class=\"hds-location-tag-name\" href=\"\/armstrong\/\"><span class=\"hds-meta-heading\">Armstrong Flight Research Center<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\"><div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black \"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2\"><h2 class=\"heading-14\">Related Terms<\/h2><\/div><ul class=\"article-tags\"><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/\">Aeronautics<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/armstrong\/\">Armstrong Flight Research Center<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/f-15b\/\">F-15B<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/nasa-aircraft\/\">NASA Aircraft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-articles\">\t\t<section class=\"hds-related-articles padding-x-0 padding-y-3 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"w-100 grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0 text-align-left\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\"><h2 style=\"max-width: 100%;\" class=\"width-full w-full maxw-full\">Explore More<\/h2><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/armstrong\/nasas-commitment-to-safety-starts-with-its-culture\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2024-0053-087\/AFRC2024-0053-087~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1280&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2024-0053-087\/AFRC2024-0053-087~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1280&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2024-0053-087\/AFRC2024-0053-087~large.jpg?w=300&h=200&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2024-0053-087\/AFRC2024-0053-087~large.jpg?w=768&h=512&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2024-0053-087\/AFRC2024-0053-087~large.jpg?w=1024&h=683&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2024-0053-087\/AFRC2024-0053-087~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1024&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2024-0053-087\/AFRC2024-0053-087~large.jpg?w=400&h=267&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2024-0053-087\/AFRC2024-0053-087~large.jpg?w=600&h=400&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2024-0053-087\/AFRC2024-0053-087~large.jpg?w=900&h=600&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2024-0053-087\/AFRC2024-0053-087~large.jpg?w=1200&h=800&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">5 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">NASA\u2019s Commitment to Safety Starts with its Culture<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3 days ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/nasa-uses-small-engine-for-sustainable-jet-research\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dart-1.jpg?w=300\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dart-1.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dart-1.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dart-1.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dart-1.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dart-1.jpg?resize=1536,1025 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dart-1.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dart-1.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dart-1.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dart-1.jpg?resize=1200,801 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">3 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">NASA Uses Small Engine to Enhance Sustainable Jet Research<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t4 days ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/armstrong\/nasa-photographer-honored-for-thrilling-inverted-in-flight-image\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2023-0064-02\/AFRC2023-0064-02~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1440&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2023-0064-02\/AFRC2023-0064-02~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1440&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2023-0064-02\/AFRC2023-0064-02~large.jpg?w=300&h=225&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2023-0064-02\/AFRC2023-0064-02~large.jpg?w=768&h=576&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2023-0064-02\/AFRC2023-0064-02~large.jpg?w=1024&h=768&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2023-0064-02\/AFRC2023-0064-02~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1152&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2023-0064-02\/AFRC2023-0064-02~large.jpg?w=400&h=300&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2023-0064-02\/AFRC2023-0064-02~large.jpg?w=600&h=450&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2023-0064-02\/AFRC2023-0064-02~large.jpg?w=900&h=675&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2023-0064-02\/AFRC2023-0064-02~large.jpg?w=1200&h=900&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">2 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">NASA Photographer Honored for Thrilling Inverted In-Flight Image<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t2 weeks ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More About Armstrong<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/armstrong\/capabilities-facilities\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Armstrong Capabilities & Facilities<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2022-0063-096\/AFRC2022-0063-096~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1279&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2022-0063-096\/AFRC2022-0063-096~large.jpg?w=1920&h=1279&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1920w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2022-0063-096\/AFRC2022-0063-096~large.jpg?w=300&h=200&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2022-0063-096\/AFRC2022-0063-096~large.jpg?w=768&h=512&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2022-0063-096\/AFRC2022-0063-096~large.jpg?w=1024&h=682&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2022-0063-096\/AFRC2022-0063-096~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1023&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2022-0063-096\/AFRC2022-0063-096~large.jpg?w=400&h=266&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2022-0063-096\/AFRC2022-0063-096~large.jpg?w=600&h=400&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2022-0063-096\/AFRC2022-0063-096~large.jpg?w=900&h=600&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/AFRC2022-0063-096\/AFRC2022-0063-096~large.jpg?w=1200&h=799&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/armstrong\/programs-projects\/aeronautics-projects\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Armstrong Aeronautics Projects<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1041\" height=\"695\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/afrc2020-0128-028_0.jpg?w=1041\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/afrc2020-0128-028_0.jpg 1041w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/afrc2020-0128-028_0.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/afrc2020-0128-028_0.jpg?resize=768,513 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/afrc2020-0128-028_0.jpg?resize=1024,684 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/afrc2020-0128-028_0.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/afrc2020-0128-028_0.jpg?resize=600,401 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/afrc2020-0128-028_0.jpg?resize=900,601 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1041px) 100vw, 1041px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/armstrong\/programs-projects\/science-projects\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Armstrong Science Projects<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"864\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/uavsar20181120b-16.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/uavsar20181120b-16.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/uavsar20181120b-16.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/uavsar20181120b-16.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/uavsar20181120b-16.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/uavsar20181120b-16.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/uavsar20181120b-16.jpg?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/uavsar20181120b-16.jpg?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/uavsar20181120b-16.jpg?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/uavsar20181120b-16.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/armstrong\/programs-projects\/space-projects\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Armstrong Space Projects<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"746\" height=\"1334\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/fo-world-view-stratollite.png?w=746\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/fo-world-view-stratollite.png 746w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/fo-world-view-stratollite.png?resize=168,300 168w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/fo-world-view-stratollite.png?resize=573,1024 573w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/fo-world-view-stratollite.png?resize=224,400 224w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/fo-world-view-stratollite.png?resize=336,600 336w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/fo-world-view-stratollite.png?resize=503,900 503w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/fo-world-view-stratollite.png?resize=671,1200 671w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 746px) 100vw, 746px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NASA\u2019s Armstrong Flight Research Center in Edwards, California, uses a modified F-15B aircraft as a test bed for a variety of flight research experiments. Coupled with either a flight test fixture or a propulsion flight test fixture mounted underneath the aircraft, the F-15B provides a unique flight research capability. Aircraft Description Armstrong\u2019s F-15B is a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":54,"featured_media":120185,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"54","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"199541","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":["283565"],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[2660,2855,3365,2821],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[12258,9687],"coauthors":[],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"F-15B Aeronautics Research Test Bed","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/f-15b-test-bed\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/f-15b-test-bed\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0037-01_crop.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0037-01_crop.jpg"},"articleSection":"Aeronautics","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Dede Dinius"}],"creator":["Dede Dinius"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["Aeronautics","NASA Aircraft","Armstrong Flight Research Center","F-15B"],"dateCreated":"2015-06-03T20:43:00Z","datePublished":"2015-06-03T20:43:00Z","dateModified":"2023-07-25T15:24:51Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"F-15B Aeronautics Research Test Bed\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/f-15b-test-bed\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"post\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0037-01_crop.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2015-06-03T20:43:00Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"Aeronautics\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"Aeronautics,NASA Aircraft,Armstrong Flight Research Center,F-15B\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Dede Dinius\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":6,"time_ago":"9 years","featured_image":{"id":120185,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/04\/ed11-0037-01_crop.jpg","title":"ed11-0037-01_crop","alt":"The Eagle Aero probes fly attached to the red device underneath NASA's F-15B research test bed aircraft","caption":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89829"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/54"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89829"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89829\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":405712,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89829\/revisions\/405712"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/120185"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89829"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=89829"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=89829"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=89829"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=89829"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}