{"id":60568,"date":"2013-07-18T19:04:47","date_gmt":"2013-07-18T23:04:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?migration=converted-node-209789"},"modified":"2024-02-05T15:40:16","modified_gmt":"2024-02-05T20:40:16","slug":"dual-mode-propulsion-system-enabling-cubesat-exploration-of-the-solar-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/small-satellite-missions\/dual-mode-propulsion-system-enabling-cubesat-exploration-of-the-solar-system\/","title":{"rendered":"Dual-mode Propulsion System Enabling CubeSat Exploration of the Solar System"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Nathan Jerred<br>\n<strong>Universities Space Research Association<\/strong><\/strong><br>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/Jerred_DualModePropulsionSystem.pdf?emrc=b58094\">\u203a 2014 Symposium Presentation (PDF)<\/a><br>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/Jerred_2013_PhI_DualModeProp.pdf?emrc=b07b8e\">\u203a Phase I Final Report (PDF)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"885\" height=\"876\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg?w=885\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Diagram with labels\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg 885w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg?resize=300,297 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg?resize=768,760 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg?resize=400,396 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg?resize=600,594 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 885px) 100vw, 885px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Dual-mode Propulsion System Enabling CubeSat Exploration of the Solar System <\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>Description<\/strong><\/strong><br>\nWith the cost of planetary exploration rising and budgets for such missions declining newer, cheaper, i.e. low mass, systems must be developed to perform exploration. Currently, small scientific beds which perform limited tasks are being developed and launched into Low Earth Orbit (LEO) in the form of small-scale satellite units, i.e. CubeSats, utilizing solar-based power. However, if a reasonable propulsion system could be developed, these low cost CubeSat platforms could be used to perform exploration of various extra-terrestrial bodies within the solar system; such as Europa. Current standard propulsion technology does not provide the complete answer. Chemical-based systems are high mass and provide insufficient performance for deep space missions. Electric propulsion (EP) is very efficient, i.e. high Isp, but has low thrust, leading to long mission times if orbital maneuvering is required. Thermal propulsion (TP) yields high thrust, but at the expense of a high consumption rate of propellant. Therefore, pairing an EP and TP system into a dual-mode propulsion unit becomes beneficial, where the strengths of each system are used appropriately. The high thrusting capabilities of the thermal mode are ideal for quick Earth orbit escape, drastic orbital maneuvering and orbital insertion at location. The high efficiency of the electric-mode is ideal for interplanetary travel. Researchers at the Center for Space Nuclear Research (CSNR) are proposing a radioisotope-based, dual-mode, low mass propulsion system for a CubeSat payload capable of extending their exploration realm out of LEO. Such an integrated propulsion system would allow for beneficial exploration to be conducted, even within the current budget limitations.<br>\nFor the proposed work a complete system design will be provided, optimized for a Europa destination with a 10 kg payload. Modeling software such as AGI STK, COMSOL, MALTO and Aspen will be used to design and optimize the various components of the overall system. The design of an experiment will also be conducted to use existing CSNR hardware to evaluate propellant performance within the thermal mode.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/stmd\/niac\/niac-studies\/niac-2013-phase-i-and-phase-ii-selections\/\" data-type=\"post\" data-id=\"60602\">2013 Phase I and Phase II Selections<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More NIAC Topics<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/space-technology-mission-directorate\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Space Technology Mission Directorate<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"525\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/stmd.jpg?w=525\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/stmd.jpg 525w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/stmd.jpg?resize=197,300 197w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/stmd.jpg?resize=263,400 263w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/stmd.jpg?resize=394,600 394w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 525px) 100vw, 525px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/stmd-the-nasa-innovative-advanced-concepts-niac\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1041\" height=\"521\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/niac_magnetosphere.png?w=1041\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); 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transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png 4053w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=300,92 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=768,236 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=1024,315 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=1536,473 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=2048,630 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=400,123 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=600,185 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=900,277 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=1200,369 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=2000,615 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/about-niac\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>About NIAC<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"649\" height=\"766\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/niac_2019_howe_troy.png?w=649\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/niac_2019_howe_troy.png 649w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/niac_2019_howe_troy.png?resize=254,300 254w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/niac_2019_howe_troy.png?resize=339,400 339w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/niac_2019_howe_troy.png?resize=508,600 508w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 649px) 100vw, 649px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nathan Jerred Universities Space Research Association \u203a 2014 Symposium Presentation (PDF) \u203a Phase I Final Report (PDF) Description With the cost of planetary exploration rising and budgets for such missions declining newer, cheaper, i.e. low mass, systems must be developed to perform exploration. Currently, small scientific beds which perform limited tasks are being developed and launched into [...]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":66,"featured_media":445788,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"66","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[3194,3827,2777],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[9529,12691],"coauthors":[],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Dual-mode Propulsion System Enabling CubeSat Exploration of the Solar System","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/small-satellite-missions\/dual-mode-propulsion-system-enabling-cubesat-exploration-of-the-solar-system\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/small-satellite-missions\/dual-mode-propulsion-system-enabling-cubesat-exploration-of-the-solar-system\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg"},"articleSection":"Missions","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Loura Hall"}],"creator":["Loura Hall"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["Missions","Small Satellite Missions","CubeSats","NIAC Studies"],"dateCreated":"2013-07-18T23:04:47Z","datePublished":"2013-07-18T23:04:47Z","dateModified":"2024-02-05T20:40:16Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"Dual-mode Propulsion System Enabling CubeSat Exploration of the Solar System\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/small-satellite-missions\/dual-mode-propulsion-system-enabling-cubesat-exploration-of-the-solar-system\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"post\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2013-07-18T23:04:47Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"Missions\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"Missions,Small Satellite Missions,CubeSats,NIAC Studies\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Loura Hall\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":2,"time_ago":"11 years","featured_image":{"id":445788,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/2013-jerred.jpg","title":"Dual-mode Propulsion System Enabling CubeSat Exploration of the Solar System","alt":"Diagram with labels","caption":"Dual-mode Propulsion System Enabling CubeSat Exploration of the Solar System "},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60568"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/66"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60568"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60568\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":445792,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/60568\/revisions\/445792"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/445788"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60568"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=60568"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=60568"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=60568"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=60568"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}