{"id":38036,"date":"2015-03-06T15:48:00","date_gmt":"2015-03-06T19:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?migration=converted-node-343265"},"modified":"2023-09-13T14:54:01","modified_gmt":"2023-09-13T18:54:01","slug":"airplanes-or-langleys-and-other-tales-of-the-naca","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/airplanes-or-langleys-and-other-tales-of-the-naca\/","title":{"rendered":"“Airplanes” or “Langleys” and Other Tales of the NACA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro\"><div class=\"width-full maxw-full article-header\"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full\"><p class=\"label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0\">9 min read<\/p><h1 class=\"display-48 margin-bottom-2\">“Airplanes” or “Langleys” and Other Tales of the NACA<\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1220\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Speakers and Panelists at the "NACA [National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics] Centenary: A Symposium on 100 Years of Aerospace Research and Development" pose for a group photo.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg 4185w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg?resize=300,179 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg?resize=768,458 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg?resize=1024,610 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg?resize=1536,915 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg?resize=2048,1220 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg?resize=400,238 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg?resize=600,358 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg?resize=900,536 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg?resize=1200,715 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/bolden-group-shot-20150303-1ag0938.jpg?resize=2000,1192 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">NASA Administrator Charlie Bolden (front row, center, red tie) joins with historians at the opening of a two-day symposium on the history of the NACA.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA \/ Aubrey Gemignani<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>If Charles Walcott, one of the first members of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) had his way, instead of airplanes today we would all be flying in \u201cLangleys\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tom Crouch, the senior curator for aeronautics at the National Air and Space Museum (NASM), told the story March 3 during the first day of a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/naca_symposium\">two-day history symposium<\/a> at the museum marking the NACA centenary. The NACA \u2014 founded on March 3, 1915 \u2014 was the main institutional basis for creating NASA in 1958.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Samuel Langley was an early aviation pioneer whose \u201caerodrome\u201d design for a piloted, heavier-than-air aircraft had failed a second test flight just days before the Wright Brothers succeeded with their \u201cflying machine\u201d on Dec. 17, 1903.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At the time, Langley was Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. When he died in 1906, it was Walcott who succeeded Langley in 1907. \u201cWalcott highly respected Langley and did all he could to rehabilitate the reputation of his friend and predecessor,\u201d said Crouch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Inspired by the fact that rigid, lighter-than-air airships were called Zeppelins \u2014 named for the Count who had pioneered their development in Germany \u2014 Walcott wrote a letter to the American Aeronautical Society in 1915 suggesting the still-new flying machine be called a Langley.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/langley_aerodrome_1903.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"504\" height=\"275\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/langley_aerodrome_1903.jpg?w=504\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Samuel Langley's aerodrome has an unsuccessful first flight in 1903 just months before the Wright brothers fly at Kitty Hawk.\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/langley_aerodrome_1903.jpg 504w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/langley_aerodrome_1903.jpg?resize=300,164 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/langley_aerodrome_1903.jpg?resize=400,218 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Samuel Langley’s aerodrome has an unsuccessful first flight in 1903 just months before the Wright brothers fly at Kitty Hawk.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>It was not to be. In 1916, the NACA formally adopted use of the word \u201cairplane\u201d in its Technical Report No. 9, which laid out the official nomenclature to be used with many other aviation-related words \u201cpeculiar to this subject.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>So was Walcott really serious about calling airplanes \u201cLangleys\u201d?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Maybe. Maybe not.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI think it was only partly tongue in cheek,\u201d Crouch said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Of course, Langley\u2019s role in aviation is memorialized to this day as the namesake for NASA\u2019s Langley Research Center in Virginia\u2014the first research center of the NACA that officially opened for business in 1920.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">NACA Role in Aviation and NASA <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The story about Walcott and Langley was just one of many recounted by some of aviation\u2019s top historians and authors gathered for the event in the NASM\u2019 Moving Beyond Earth gallery.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1673\" height=\"2048\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg?w=1673\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Doris Baron works with tape from the manometer machines.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg 1711w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg?resize=245,300 245w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg?resize=768,940 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg?resize=837,1024 837w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg?resize=1255,1536 1255w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg?resize=1673,2048 1673w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg?resize=327,400 327w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg?resize=490,600 490w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg?resize=735,900 735w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg?resize=981,1200 981w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/woman_tape_l-80435.jpg?resize=1634,2000 1634w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1673px) 100vw, 1673px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Doris Baron, a human computer at Langley Memorial Aeronautical Laboratory, works with tape from the manometer machines.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NACA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>There they discussed the legendary contributions of the NACA\u2019s most colorful characters and its innovative technologies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some examples: Eastman Jacobs\u2019 determination of the proper wing shape for laminar flow; John Stack\u2019s measurements of a wing\u2019s behavior at high speed, which helped give rise to the myth of the sound barrier; Virginia Tucker and her female colleagues who worked as human computers; and John Jay Ide, the NACA\u2019s liaison in Europe who kept a close eye on aeronautics research done by the Germans and others before World War II, helping to guide the NACA\u2019s research efforts at that time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There\u2019s also the story of Jack Reeder, a legendary NACA test pilot who flew 235 different types of aircraft, including 61 helicopters as the NACA\u2019s first helicopter pilot. He also flew eight Vertical Takeoff and Landing (VTOL) airplanes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reeder had what Auburn University historian James Hansen called \u201cthe real right stuff.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reeder wasn\u2019t the kind of mythological pilot who was a swashbuckling, handsome knight of the air, like those made famous by movies of the 1930s and 1940s. Instead, like his NACA colleagues, he was a true research pilot; what Hansen called \u201ca man of science, an engineer working in the cockpit to advance our understanding of flight.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThey did not try to break records, or put their hides on the line,\u201d Hansen said, alluding to another breed of pilots best exemplified by the way Chuck Yeager\u2014the first pilot to fly faster than the speed of sound\u2014was portrayed in the movie \u201cThe Right Stuff.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1473\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Langley research pilots in front of P-47 fighter\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg 3000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg?resize=300,216 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg?resize=768,552 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg?resize=1024,737 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg?resize=1536,1105 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg?resize=2048,1473 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg?resize=400,288 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg?resize=600,432 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg?resize=900,647 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg?resize=1200,863 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/7584798180_5155dd9235_o.jpg?resize=2000,1439 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">NACA research pilot Jack Reeder (third from left) in 1945 in front of a P-47 Thunderbolt Fighter at Langley.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NACA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>In fact, when Hansen \u2014 who authored \u201cFirst Man,\u201d the official biography of Neil Armstrong, the most famous of the NACA pilot fraternity\u2014first interviewed Armstrong for the book, one of the things Armstrong told him was \u201cJack Reeder was the best test pilot I ever knew.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These people and their stories weren\u2019t necessarily representative of the most important technical achievements of the NACA\u2014such as the NACA cowling, which won the prestigious Collier trophy\u2014yet the symposium presenters shared their stories to highlight its rich narrative.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Speaking about the legacy of the NACA in its entirety, NASA Administrator Charlie Bolden opened up the symposium by saying \u201cWe wouldn\u2019t be here without the first steps taken by those pioneers of the NACA.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Those aeronautical pioneers, conducting research at its world-class laboratories and wind tunnels across the country, orchestrated fundamental advances in aeronautics that enabled victory in World War II, spawned the world\u2019s leading civil aviation manufacturing industry, propelled supersonic flight, supported national security during the Cold War, and laid the foundation for modern air travel and the space age with NASA\u2019s creation in 1958.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The NACA Culture <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A recurring theme during the symposium, evident in both the presentations and the questions and discussion that followed, considered the research culture of the NACA, and whether or not the culture remains within NASA today.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1397\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Roger Launius giving a speech.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg 4373w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg?resize=300,205 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg?resize=768,524 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg?resize=1024,698 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg?resize=1536,1047 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg?resize=2048,1397 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg?resize=400,273 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg?resize=600,409 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg?resize=900,614 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg?resize=1200,818 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/launius-2.jpg?resize=2000,1364 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Roger Launius, NASM curator and former NASA chief historian.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA \/ Aubrey Gemignani<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Roger Launius, a former NASA chief historian and currently a curator at the NASM, talked about how NACA researchers were allowed to come up with their own ideas and pursue their line of work with a great deal of autonomy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With a question stated, a project would be organized to answer the question, oftentimes involving public and private partnerships. Data would be gathered, analyzed, and results shared publicly and distributed as widely as possible.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The results were published in <a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp\" rel=\"noopener\">NACA Technical Reports<\/a>, which became very popular around the world\u2014a must-read source for understanding the latest aeronautical developments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Although the NACA worked in relative obscurity, its reputation was well known in engineering circles, so much so that \u201cif you were interested in aviation, the gold standard was to work for the NACA,\u201d Launius said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That may have been true for the NACA of the 1920s and 1930s, but symposium presenters offered different views of the organization as it operated following World War II through to 1958 when the NACA became NASA and the focus shifted from aviation to space.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some suggested the spirit of the NACA during the pre-war years\u2014what some called the Golden Age of aeronautical research\u2014continued through the post-war period and on into present-day NASA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Indeed, today\u2019s aeronautical innovators within NASA continue to follow the NACA model of organizing projects around problems to be solved, conducting research to gather data, analyzing that data and sharing research results\u2014often under public-private partnerships.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Yet others lamented that the NACA during the 1950s was seen as an aging organization that had difficulty attracting new, younger talent, and perhaps was vulnerable to being shut down or being allowed to fade into history.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA chief historian Bill Barry suggested that this negative perception of the NACA might have been a result of the fact that, during WWII, much of the NACA\u2019s work was with the military and classified. So, during the post-war years, the NACA\u2019s culture of keeping things close to the vest, and not being able to talk about who was doing what, likely colored what people thought about the organization.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Perhaps to improve that perception, in 1948 the NACA hired its first public information officer, Walter Bonney.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bonney\u2019s job was to convince industry, Congress and the American people that the NACA was needed to ensure defeat of communism.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It was the right message at the right time, because despite the perception, rightly or wrongly, that the NACA was an aged organization that may have outstayed its usefulness, in 1955 President Eisenhower was convinced to give the NACA more money.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>And then the launch of Sputnik on Oct. 4, 1957 changed everything. In response to the technological and idealogical threat from the Soviet Union, space became the new high ground in the Cold War and within a year the NACA had become the NASA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Today as Tomorrow\u2019s History<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The rest, as they say, is history.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>But that\u2019s not quite true. In the final panel of the NACA centenary symposium, historians considered what \u201cthe next assignment\u201d should be for those whose careers involve documenting and interpreting our past activities in air and space.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The consensus was there is still more story to tell that encompasses the entire life of the NACA and NASA, with at least one historian suggesting greater attention is needed on aviation in the period following the end of Apollo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Peter Westwick, from the University of Southern California, noted that in the beginning, aviation was an appealing target for historians given the revolutionary changes in society it both promised and delivered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Westwick recalled that when the NACA started in 1915, people still rode horses to get around in rural areas. Railroads were entrenched as the modern method to travel long distances and the automobile, despite its slowly growing popularity, was something no one really knew what to do with.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aviation stood out, just as spaceflight did when the NACA became NASA. The consequence, according to Westwick, is that the past 40 years of aviation research largely have been ignored by scholars because \u201cwe have been blinded by the space age, and historians have been drawn to space like moths to a flame.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nevertheless, NASA\u2019s history office has been actively publishing material to fill in those gaps with books, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/nasa-history-series\/the-national-advisory-committee-for-aeronautics-an-annotated-bibliography\/\" data-type=\"topic\" data-id=\"130039\">annotated bibliographies<\/a>, and other special publications\u2014most of which are <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/history-publications-and-resources\/nasa-history-series\/\" data-type=\"topic\" data-id=\"163226\">freely available online<\/a> from NASA.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1583\" height=\"2048\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg?w=1583\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Cover of The National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics An Annotated Bibliography.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg 2550w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg?resize=232,300 232w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg?resize=768,994 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg?resize=791,1024 791w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg?resize=1187,1536 1187w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg?resize=1583,2048 1583w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg?resize=309,400 309w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg?resize=464,600 464w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg?resize=695,900 695w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg?resize=927,1200 927w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/monograph55-0.jpg?resize=1545,2000 1545w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1583px) 100vw, 1583px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The NASA History Office and the Library of Congress have released this annotated bibliography of monographs, journal and newspaper articles, and congressional hearings chronicling the NACA.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Still, there is plenty of material about the people and technical accomplishments of the \u201cfirst \u2018A\u2019 in NASA\u201d to keep academics busy. In doing so they are likely to find echoes of the original NACA still present among the agency\u2019s modern aeronautical enterprise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe legacy of the NACA, the thing we should really celebrate, is the sense, the spirit, and the focus the organization had on the future. I think that spirit still exists,\u201d said Mark Lewis, Director of the Institute for Defense Analyses\u2019 Science and Technology Policy Institute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThere are plenty of problems still to solve.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-social-media grid-container grid-container-block nasa-gb-align- width-full maxw-full margin-y-0 padding-y-5 padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-0 font-weight-bold hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-social-media-links\">\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center padding-y-1\" id=\"social-facebook\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"circle-4 minw-4 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-center\" style=\"background-color: #4267B2;\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-labelledby=\"facebookIconTitle\"><title id=\"facebookIconTitle\">Facebook logo<\/title><path d=\"M9 8h-3v4h3v12h5v-12h3.642l.358-4h-4v-1.667c0-.955.192-1.333 1.115-1.333h2.885v-5h-3.808c-3.596 0-5.192 1.583-5.192 4.615v3.385z\"\/><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-social-media-items padding-left-2\">\n\t\t\t\t<a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/NASA\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASA on facebook\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASA<\/a><a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/NASAaero\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASAaero on facebook\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASAaero<\/a><a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/facebook.com\/NASA_es\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASA_es on facebook\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASA_es<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center padding-y-1\" id=\"social-twitter\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"circle-4 minw-4 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-center\" style=\"background-color: #1DA1F2;\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"1200\" height=\"1227\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 1227\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M714.163 519.284L1160.89 0H1055.03L667.137 450.887L357.328 0H0L468.492 681.821L0 1226.37H105.866L515.491 750.218L842.672 1226.37H1200L714.137 519.284H714.163ZM569.165 687.828L521.697 619.934L144.011 79.6944H306.615L611.412 515.685L658.88 583.579L1055.08 1150.3H892.476L569.165 687.854V687.828Z\" fill=\"white\"\/><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-social-media-items padding-left-2\">\n\t\t\t\t<a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/NASA\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASA on twitter\">@NASA<\/a><a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/NASAaero\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASAaero on twitter\">@NASAaero<\/a><a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/NASA_es\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASA_es on twitter\">@NASA_es<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center padding-y-1\" id=\"social-instagram\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"circle-4 minw-4 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-center\" style=\"background-color: #833AB4;\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"169.063px\" height=\"169.063px\" viewBox=\"0 0 169.063 169.063\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 169.063 169.063;\" xml:space=\"preserve\" aria-labelledby=\"instagramIconTitle\"><title id=\"instagramIconTitle\">Instagram logo<\/title><g> <path d=\"M122.406,0H46.654C20.929,0,0,20.93,0,46.655v75.752c0,25.726,20.929,46.655,46.654,46.655h75.752 c25.727,0,46.656-20.93,46.656-46.655V46.655C169.063,20.93,148.133,0,122.406,0z M154.063,122.407 c0,17.455-14.201,31.655-31.656,31.655H46.654C29.2,154.063,15,139.862,15,122.407V46.655C15,29.201,29.2,15,46.654,15h75.752 c17.455,0,31.656,14.201,31.656,31.655V122.407z\"\/> <path d=\"M84.531,40.97c-24.021,0-43.563,19.542-43.563,43.563c0,24.02,19.542,43.561,43.563,43.561s43.563-19.541,43.563-43.561 C128.094,60.512,108.552,40.97,84.531,40.97z M84.531,113.093c-15.749,0-28.563-12.812-28.563-28.561 c0-15.75,12.813-28.563,28.563-28.563s28.563,12.813,28.563,28.563C113.094,100.281,100.28,113.093,84.531,113.093z\"\/> <path d=\"M129.921,28.251c-2.89,0-5.729,1.17-7.77,3.22c-2.051,2.04-3.23,4.88-3.23,7.78c0,2.891,1.18,5.73,3.23,7.78 c2.04,2.04,4.88,3.22,7.77,3.22c2.9,0,5.73-1.18,7.78-3.22c2.05-2.05,3.22-4.89,3.22-7.78c0-2.9-1.17-5.74-3.22-7.78 C135.661,29.421,132.821,28.251,129.921,28.251z\"\/><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-social-media-items padding-left-2\">\n\t\t\t\t<a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/instagram.com\/NASA\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASA on instagram\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASA<\/a><a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/instagram.com\/NASAaero\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASAaero on instagram\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASAaero<\/a><a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/instagram.com\/NASA_es\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASA_es on instagram\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASA_es<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center padding-y-1\" id=\"social-linkedin\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"circle-4 minw-4 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-center\" style=\"background-color: #0072b1;\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-labelledby=\"linkedinIconTitle\"><title id=\"linkedinIconTitle\">Linkedin logo<\/title><path d=\"M4.98 3.5c0 1.381-1.11 2.5-2.48 2.5s-2.48-1.119-2.48-2.5c0-1.38 1.11-2.5 2.48-2.5s2.48 1.12 2.48 2.5zm.02 4.5h-5v16h5v-16zm7.982 0h-4.968v16h4.969v-8.399c0-4.67 6.029-5.052 6.029 0v8.399h4.988v-10.131c0-7.88-8.922-7.593-11.018-3.714v-2.155z\"\/><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-social-media-items padding-left-2\">\n\t\t\t\t<a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/linkedin.com\/company\/NASA\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASA on linkedin\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASA<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-articles\">\t\t<section class=\"hds-related-articles padding-x-0 padding-y-3 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"w-100 grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0 text-align-left\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\"><h2 style=\"max-width: 100%;\" class=\"width-full w-full maxw-full\">Explore More<\/h2><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/research-model-increases-accuracy\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"192\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/20230608-144923-nasa-ldg-full-model-ls.png?w=300\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/20230608-144923-nasa-ldg-full-model-ls.png 3953w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/20230608-144923-nasa-ldg-full-model-ls.png?resize=300,192 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/20230608-144923-nasa-ldg-full-model-ls.png?resize=768,491 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/20230608-144923-nasa-ldg-full-model-ls.png?resize=1024,655 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/20230608-144923-nasa-ldg-full-model-ls.png?resize=1536,983 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/20230608-144923-nasa-ldg-full-model-ls.png?resize=2048,1310 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/20230608-144923-nasa-ldg-full-model-ls.png?resize=400,256 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/20230608-144923-nasa-ldg-full-model-ls.png?resize=600,384 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/20230608-144923-nasa-ldg-full-model-ls.png?resize=900,576 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/20230608-144923-nasa-ldg-full-model-ls.png?resize=1200,768 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/20230608-144923-nasa-ldg-full-model-ls.png?resize=2000,1280 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">4 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">Globetrotting NASA Research Model Increases Accuracy<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3 hours ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/natural-disasters\/nasa-announces-new-system-to-aid-disaster-response\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/prturkiyeeq-020624a.jpg\" ><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">4 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">NASA Announces New System to Aid Disaster Response<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p-md color-carbon-60\">In early May, widespread flooding and landslides occurred in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande…<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t4 days ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/langley\/nasas-rasc-al-competition-selects-2024-winners\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"228\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-rasc-al-first-place-overall-virginia-tech-2.jpg?w=300\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-rasc-al-first-place-overall-virginia-tech-2.jpg 3608w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-rasc-al-first-place-overall-virginia-tech-2.jpg?resize=300,228 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-rasc-al-first-place-overall-virginia-tech-2.jpg?resize=768,583 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-rasc-al-first-place-overall-virginia-tech-2.jpg?resize=1024,778 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-rasc-al-first-place-overall-virginia-tech-2.jpg?resize=1536,1166 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-rasc-al-first-place-overall-virginia-tech-2.jpg?resize=2048,1555 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-rasc-al-first-place-overall-virginia-tech-2.jpg?resize=400,304 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-rasc-al-first-place-overall-virginia-tech-2.jpg?resize=600,456 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-rasc-al-first-place-overall-virginia-tech-2.jpg?resize=900,683 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-rasc-al-first-place-overall-virginia-tech-2.jpg?resize=1200,911 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/2024-rasc-al-first-place-overall-virginia-tech-2.jpg?resize=2000,1519 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">3 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">NASA\u2019s RASC-AL Competition Selects 2024 Winners\u00a0\u00a0<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t4 days ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More Topics From NASA<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nasa-missions\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Missions<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"864\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg 3840w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=2048,1152 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=2000,1125 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Humans In Space<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"368\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/topic-humans-in-space.jpg?w=368\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/topic-humans-in-space.jpg 368w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/topic-humans-in-space.jpg?resize=197,300 197w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/topic-humans-in-space.jpg?resize=263,400 263w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 368px) 100vw, 368px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/solar-system\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Solar System Exploration<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">Why Oceans Matter The story of oceans is the story of life. Life as we know it requires three ingredients:…<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/pia06890-our-solar-system-banner-1920x640-1.jpg\" ><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/explore-nasas-history\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Explore NASA’s History<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1878\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1919&h=1878&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1919&h=1878&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1919w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=300&h=294&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=768&h=752&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1024&h=1002&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1503&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=50&h=49&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 50w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=400&h=391&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=600&h=587&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=900&h=881&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1200&h=1174&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details\">\n<section class=\"padding-x-0 padding-top-5 padding-bottom-2 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-2 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Share<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"social-icons social-icons-round\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-x\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/intent\/tweet?via=NASA&text=%26%238220%3BAirplanes%26%238221%3B%20or%20%26%238220%3BLangleys%26%238221%3B%20and%20Other%20Tales%20of%20the%20NACA&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Faeronautics%2Fairplanes-or-langleys-and-other-tales-of-the-naca%2F\" aria-label=\"Share on X.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"1200\" height=\"1227\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 1227\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M714.163 519.284L1160.89 0H1055.03L667.137 450.887L357.328 0H0L468.492 681.821L0 1226.37H105.866L515.491 750.218L842.672 1226.37H1200L714.137 519.284H714.163ZM569.165 687.828L521.697 619.934L144.011 79.6944H306.615L611.412 515.685L658.88 583.579L1055.08 1150.3H892.476L569.165 687.854V687.828Z\" fill=\"white\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-facebook\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Faeronautics%2Fairplanes-or-langleys-and-other-tales-of-the-naca%2F\" aria-label=\"Share on Facebook.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9 8h-3v4h3v12h5v-12h3.642l.358-4h-4v-1.667c0-.955.192-1.333 1.115-1.333h2.885v-5h-3.808c-3.596 0-5.192 1.583-5.192 4.615v3.385z\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-linkedin\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Faeronautics%2Fairplanes-or-langleys-and-other-tales-of-the-naca%2F\" aria-label=\"Share on LinkedIn.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M4.98 3.5c0 1.381-1.11 2.5-2.48 2.5s-2.48-1.119-2.48-2.5c0-1.38 1.11-2.5 2.48-2.5s2.48 1.12 2.48 2.5zm.02 4.5h-5v16h5v-16zm7.982 0h-4.968v16h4.969v-8.399c0-4.67 6.029-5.052 6.029 0v8.399h4.988v-10.131c0-7.88-8.922-7.593-11.018-3.714v-2.155z\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-rss\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/feed\/\" aria-label=\"Subscribe to RSS feed.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 800 800\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M493 652H392c0-134-111-244-244-244V307c189 0 345 156 345 345zm71 0c0-228-188-416-416-416V132c285 0 520 235 520 520z\"\/><circle cx=\"219\" cy=\"581\" r=\"71\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Details<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading\">Last Updated<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8\">Sep 13, 2023<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\"><div class=\"grid-col-4\"><div class=\"subheading\">Editor<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-col-8\">Lillian Gipson<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\"><div class=\"grid-col-4\"><div class=\"subheading\">Contact<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-col-8\"><div class=\"margin-bottom-3\"><div>Jim Banke<\/div><div><a href=\"mailto:jim.banke@nasa.gov\">jim.banke@nasa.gov<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\"><div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black \"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2\"><h2 class=\"heading-14\">Related Terms<\/h2><\/div><ul class=\"article-tags\"><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/\">Aeronautics<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/flight-innovation\/\">Flight Innovation<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/langley-research-center\/\">Langley Research Center<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/\">NASA History<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If Charles Walcott, one of the first members of the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) had his way, instead of airplanes today we would all be flying in \u201cLangleys\u201d. Tom Crouch, the senior curator for aeronautics at the National Air and Space Museum (NASM), told the story March 3 during the first day of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":47,"featured_media":345171,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"48","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":["47"],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[2660,2822,2863,2671],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[10618],"coauthors":[8588],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"“Airplanes” or “Langleys” and Other Tales of the NACA","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/airplanes-or-langleys-and-other-tales-of-the-naca\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/airplanes-or-langleys-and-other-tales-of-the-naca\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/nasca-2015.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/nasca-2015.jpg"},"articleSection":"Aeronautics","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jim Banke"}],"creator":["Jim Banke"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["NASA History","Aeronautics","Flight Innovation","Langley Research Center"],"dateCreated":"2015-03-06T19:48:00Z","datePublished":"2015-03-06T19:48:00Z","dateModified":"2023-09-13T18:54:01Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"“Airplanes” or “Langleys” and Other Tales of the NACA\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/airplanes-or-langleys-and-other-tales-of-the-naca\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"post\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/nasca-2015.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2015-03-06T19:48:00Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"Aeronautics\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"NASA History,Aeronautics,Flight Innovation,Langley Research Center\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Jim Banke\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":9,"time_ago":"9 years","featured_image":{"id":345171,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/nasca-2015.jpg","title":"nasca-2015","alt":"NACA \/ NASA 100 anniversary graphic placed on top a blue sky with clouds.","caption":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38036"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/47"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38036"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38036\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":507431,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38036\/revisions\/507431"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/345171"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38036"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38036"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=38036"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=38036"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=38036"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}