{"id":578503,"date":"2024-01-04T13:00:36","date_gmt":"2024-01-04T18:00:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?p=578503"},"modified":"2024-02-05T15:53:54","modified_gmt":"2024-02-05T20:53:54","slug":"solar_system_scale_vlbi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/solar_system_scale_vlbi\/","title":{"rendered":"Solar System-Scale VLBI to Dramatically Improve Cosmological Distance Measurements"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro\"><div class=\"width-full maxw-full article-header\"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full\"><p class=\"label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0\">2 min read<\/p><h1 class=\"display-48 margin-bottom-2\">Solar System-Scale VLBI to Dramatically Improve Cosmological Distance Measurements<\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1128\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Planets orbiting the sun\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png 2858w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?resize=300,165 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?resize=768,423 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?resize=1024,564 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?resize=1536,846 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?resize=2048,1128 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?resize=400,220 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?resize=600,330 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?resize=900,496 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?resize=1200,661 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?resize=2000,1101 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Graphic depiction of Solar System-Scale VLBI to Dramatically Improve Cosmological Distance Measurements<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">Matthew McQuinn<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Matthew McQuinn<\/strong><br><em>University of Washington, Seattle<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Measurements of the distance to extragalactic sources allow us to infer the major energy constituents of our Universe. Two decades ago such measurements revealed that most of the energy in the Universe is in `dark energy’ — a discovery that has had immense implications for fundamental physics. Currently there is a 10% discrepancy in cosmic distances inferred with the two most accepted techniques, despite 1-2% errors claimed on both methods, with the <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>model that is most successful at reconciling this discrepancy being an earlier era where something like dark energy was again important. Interpreting mild tensions can be challenging and ideally a much more precise measurement would be performed. Such a measurement could also lead to entirely new discoveries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An experiment was proposed by Boone & McQuinn 2023 that has the potential to improve current constraints by an order of magnitude or more. This experiment is ambitious, involving placing satellites on other sides of the Solar System to constrain cosmic distances by timing the arrival of fast radio bursts to measure the curvature of their electromagnetic wavefront. This idea builds off the technology that underlies the tremendous successes of global navigation satellite systems and very long baseline interferometry. However, the initial calculations for this idea can be significantly improved. The proposed work would investigate and simulate different mission concepts to firm up the specifications needed for transformative cosmology constraints and evaluate the space readiness of this concept.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Additionally, this mission concept could precisely measure the mass distribution in the outer Solar System, detect micro-Hertz gravitational waves (which are not targeted by other gravitational wave observatories), constrain dark matter models, and resolve pulsar magnetospheres to distinguish between pulsar emission models. This proposal would also develop the cases for these potential ancillary applications.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><a href=\"\/general\/niac-2024-selections\">2024 Phase I Selection<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More NIAC Topics<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/space-technology-mission-directorate\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Space Technology Mission Directorate<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"525\" height=\"800\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/stmd.jpg?w=525\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); 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transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png 4053w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=300,92 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=768,236 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=1024,315 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=1536,473 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=2048,630 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=400,123 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=600,185 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=900,277 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=1200,369 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/2022_niac_ph_i_ii_selections_web_graphic_banner_final_v2.png?resize=2000,615 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/about-niac\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>About NIAC<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"649\" height=\"766\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/niac_2019_howe_troy.png?w=649\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/niac_2019_howe_troy.png 649w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/niac_2019_howe_troy.png?resize=254,300 254w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/niac_2019_howe_troy.png?resize=339,400 339w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/niac_2019_howe_troy.png?resize=508,600 508w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 649px) 100vw, 649px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Matthew McQuinnUniversity of Washington, Seattle Measurements of the distance to extragalactic sources allow us to infer the major energy constituents of our Universe. Two decades ago such measurements revealed that most of the energy in the Universe is in `dark energy’ — a discovery that has had immense implications for fundamental physics. Currently there is […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":66,"featured_media":586781,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"66","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,3827],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[9529,12691],"coauthors":[8624],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Solar System-Scale VLBI to Dramatically Improve Cosmological Distance Measurements","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/solar_system_scale_vlbi\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/solar_system_scale_vlbi\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png"},"articleSection":"General","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Loura Hall"}],"creator":["Loura Hall"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["NASA Directorates","Space Technology Mission Directorate","NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC) Program","NIAC Studies","General"],"dateCreated":"2024-01-04T18:00:36Z","datePublished":"2024-01-04T18:00:36Z","dateModified":"2024-02-05T20:53:54Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"Solar System-Scale VLBI to Dramatically Improve Cosmological Distance Measurements\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/solar_system_scale_vlbi\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"post\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2024-01-04T18:00:36Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"General\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"NASA Directorates,Space Technology Mission Directorate,NASA Innovative Advanced Concepts (NIAC) Program,NIAC Studies,General\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Loura Hall\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":2,"time_ago":"5 months","featured_image":{"id":586781,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/2024-ph-i-mcquinn-graphic-2.png","title":"NIAC 2024 Mcquinn","alt":"Planets orbiting the sun","caption":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/578503"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/66"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=578503"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/578503\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":652203,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/578503\/revisions\/652203"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/586781"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=578503"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=578503"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=578503"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=578503"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=578503"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}