{"id":53110,"date":"2019-06-07T13:08:00","date_gmt":"2019-06-07T17:08:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?migration=converted-node-446639"},"modified":"2023-07-26T15:18:30","modified_gmt":"2023-07-26T19:18:30","slug":"nasa-opens-international-space-station-to-new-commercial-opportunities-private-astronauts","status":"publish","type":"press-release","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-opens-international-space-station-to-new-commercial-opportunities-private-astronauts\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA Opens International Space Station to New Commercial Opportunities, Private Astronauts"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1363\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"LEO Economy header\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg 4256w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?resize=768,511 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?resize=1024,681 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?resize=1536,1022 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?resize=2048,1363 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?resize=400,266 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?resize=600,399 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?resize=900,599 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?resize=1200,798 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?resize=2000,1331 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Editor\u2019s Note:<\/strong> The sentence about commercial companies and facilities on the station that support research and development projects has been updated to reflect the accurate numbers as of June 7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA is opening the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/station\">International Space Station<\/a> for commercial business so U.S. industry innovation and ingenuity can accelerate a thriving commercial economy in low-Earth orbit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This move comes as NASA focuses full speed ahead on its goal of landing the first woman and next man on the Moon by 2024, where American companies also will play an essential role in establishing a sustainable presence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA officials, including the agency\u2019s Chief Financial Officer Jeff DeWit, will discuss details of the five-part near-term plan in a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/press-release\/nasa-to-announce-commercial-opportunities-at-international-space-station\/\">news conference<\/a> at 10 a.m. EDT today. The news conference will air live on NASA Television and the agency\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/live\">website<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA will continue research and testing in low-Earth orbit to inform its lunar exploration plans, while also working with the private sector to test technologies, train astronauts and strengthen the burgeoning space economy. Providing expanded opportunities at the International Space Station to manufacture, market and promote commercial products and services will help catalyze and expand space exploration markets for many businesses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The agency\u2019s ultimate goal in low-Earth orbit is to partner with industry to achieve a strong ecosystem in which NASA is one of many customers purchasing services and capabilities at lower cost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA\u2019s plan addresses both the supply-side and demand-side for a new economy, enabling use of government resources for commercial activities, creating the opportunity for private astronaut missions to the space station, enabling commercial destinations in low-Earth orbit, identifying and pursuing activities that foster new and emerging markets, and quantifying NASA\u2019s long-term demand for activities in low-Earth orbit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Commercial Activities Aboard the Space Station<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>More than 50 companies already are conducting commercial research and development on the space station via the <a href=\"http:\/\/issnationallab.org\/\" rel=\"noopener\">International Space Station U.S. National Laboratory<\/a>, and their results are yielding great promise. In addition, NASA has worked with 10 different companies to install more than 14 commercial facilities on the station that support research and development projects for NASA and the ISS National Lab.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This effort is intended to broaden the scope of commercial activity on the space station beyond the ISS National Lab mandate, which is limited to research and development. A new <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/leo-economy\/commercial-use\/introduction-to-policy\">NASA directive<\/a> will enable commercial manufacturing and production and allow both NASA and private astronauts to conduct new commercial activities aboard the orbiting laboratory. The directive also sets prices for industry use of U.S. government resources on the space station for commercial and marketing activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pricing released Friday is specific to commercial and marketing activities enabled by the new directive, reflects a representative cost to NASA, and is designed to encourage the emergence of new markets. As NASA learns how these new markets respond, the agency will reassess the pricing and amount of available resources approximately every six months and make adjustments as necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To qualify, commercial and marketing activities must either:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>require the unique microgravity environment to enable manufacturing, production or development of a commercial application;<\/li><li>have a connection to NASA\u2019s mission; or<\/li><li>support the development of a sustainable low-Earth orbit economy.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA\u2019s directive enabling commercial and marketing activities aboard the space station addresses manufacturing, production, transportation, and marketing of commercial resources and goods, including products intended for commercial sale on Earth. NASA astronauts will be able to conduct coordinated, scheduled and reimbursable commercial and marketing activities consistent with government ethics requirements aboard the station.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To ensure a competitive market, NASA initially is <a href=\"https:\/\/nspires.nasaprs.com\/external\/solicitations\/solicitationAmmendments.do?solId=%7B21E0270C-BC1F-EFC4-3D87-30713B5FF373%7D&path=&redirectURL=\" rel=\"noopener\">making available<\/a> five percent of the agency\u2019s annual allocation of crew resources and cargo capability, including 90 hours of crew time and 175 kg of cargo launch capability, but will limit the amount provided to any one company.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Private Astronaut Missions<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA also is enabling private astronaut missions of up to 30 days on the International Space Station to perform duties that fall into the approved commercial and marketing activities outlined in the directive released Friday, with the first mission as early as 2020. A new <a href=\"https:\/\/nspires.nasaprs.com\/external\/solicitations\/solicitationAmmendments.do?solId=%7B21E0270C-BC1F-EFC4-3D87-30713B5FF373%7D&path=&redirectURL=\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA Research Announcement<\/a> focus area issued today outlines the path for those future private astronaut missions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If supported by the market, the agency can accommodate up to two short-duration private astronaut missions per year to the International Space Station. These missions will be privately funded, dedicated commercial spaceflights.  Private astronaut missions will use a U.S. spacecraft developed under NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/commercialcrew\">Commercial Crew Program<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The commercial entity developing the mission will determine crew composition for each mission and ensure private astronauts meet NASA\u2019s medical standards and the training and certification procedures for International Space Station crew members. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/feature\/study-input-informs-nasa-course-for-a-vibrant-future-commercial-space-economy\">Market studies<\/a> identified private astronaut missions to low-Earth orbit as a key element to demonstrate demand and reduce risk for future commercial destinations in low-Earth orbit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Commercial Destinations in Low-Earth Orbit<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the long-term, NASA\u2019s goal is to become one of many customers purchasing services from independent, commercial and free-flying habitable destinations in low-Earth orbit. A robust low-Earth orbit economy will need <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/leo-economy\/commercial-destinations\">multiple commercial destinations<\/a>, and NASA is partnering with industry to pursue dual paths to that objective that either go through the space station or directly to a free-flying destination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As a first step, NASA is making one space station port and utilities available for industry to attach a commercial module to support commercial activities, and today is releasing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fbo.gov\/index?s=opportunity&mode=form&tab=core&id=6c7008e1bf035d884057891a261e3b56\" rel=\"noopener\">synopsis as Appendix I<\/a> in NASA\u2019s Next Space Technologies for Exploration Partnerships (NextSTEP) 2 Broad Agency Announcement (BAA). NASA expects to release the solicitation June 14, with awards made by the end of the fiscal year. The forward port of the station\u2019s Harmony module will be available to industry for a finite period of time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA will follow up with a synopsis for NextSTEP 2 Appendix K in July to partner with industry in the development of future free-flying commercial stations in low-Earth orbit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Stimulate Sustainable Demand<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA continues to seek and pursue opportunities to stimulate sustainable commercial demand in low-Earth orbit and, to that end, has added <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/feature\/nasa-calls-for-proposals-to-stimulate-sustainable-demand-for-low-earth-orbit-services\">two new focus areas<\/a> to the NASA Research Announcement soliciting proposals for commercial concepts. these focus areas include in-space manufacturing, regenerative medicine, bioengineering, and other fields that may lead to a scalable, financially self-sustaining demand for low-Earth orbit capabilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In addition, NASA is seeking targeted studies to better understand real and perceived barriers of potential new market entrants and to address broad ideas which could help stimulate demand. Successful proposals will define the path to broadly foster market growth, provide data-driven rationale to support the defined path, and lead to recommendations on which NASA, industry or other organizations could act. More details are available in the synopsis for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fbo.gov\/index?s=opportunity&mode=form&tab=core&id=ff01f1553bb5d81baf09db8739c37be5\" rel=\"noopener\">NextSTEP 2 BAA Appendix J<\/a>. NASA expects to release the solicitation for Appendix J on June 14 with awards made by the end of the fiscal year.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA also is working to increase the research and development community\u2019s understanding of the potential value of microgravity research and the path to conducting research in low-Earth orbit by coordinating across the microgravity community to lower barriers to entry and refinement of research via drop towers, parabolic, and suborbital flights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Quantify NASA\u2019s Long-term Demand<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA is providing a forecast of its minimum long-term, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/leo-economy\/opportunities-to-stimulate-demand\">low-Earth orbit requirements<\/a>, representing the type and amount of services that NASA intends to purchase when those services become commercially available. The goal is to reduce uncertainty for commercial destination providers about NASA as a customer, and to help them make decisions about which NASA requirements they are interested in fulfilling.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA also is providing details and estimated quantities for NASA crew accommodation, human research, biological and physical science research, technology demonstrations, and hosted science instruments. In addition, NASA intends to continue purchasing services for a national laboratory capability in low-Earth orbit. For example, NASA\u2019s strategy research in the areas of space biology, physical sciences, and fundamental physics is driven by recommendations from the National Academy of Sciences (NAS). Fundamental research and applied exploration research are not mutually exclusive, and advances in one area often enable advancements in the other. NASA\u2019s Space Life and Physical Sciences Research Applications division has identified the highest research priorities for long-term use of low-Earth orbit: in life sciences, the priorities are studies of plants, model organisms, and of the microbiome of the built environment; and in physical sciences, the priorities are studies into combustion and phase change-associated energy transfer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To improve the agency\u2019s five-part plan and its effectiveness, NASA is seeking feedback from industry and others through a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fbo.gov\/index?s=opportunity&mode=form&tab=core&id=0f19423342d628199e2b03c7bf79d11e\" rel=\"noopener\">request for information<\/a>, with responses due by July 3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For more than 18 years, humans have lived and worked aboard the International Space Station, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission_pages\/station\/research\/index.html\">conducting thousands of experiments<\/a> in areas such as human research, biology, and physical science, as well as advanced technology development. Many of these experiments, conducted via the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission_pages\/station\/research\/nlab\/index.html\">ISS National Lab<\/a>, have been research and development with commercial objectives.  New opportunities are needed to move beyond research and development, and the station will play an essential role in enabling those opportunities for new commercial markets needed to build a sustainable ecosystem in low-Earth orbit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Learn more about opportunities for commercial activities aboard the International Space Station:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/leo-economy\/low-earth-orbit-economy\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>-end-<\/p>\n\n\n<p>Stephanie Schierholz<br \/>\nHeadquarters, Washington<br \/>\n202-358-1100<br \/>\nstephanie.schierholz@nasa.gov<br \/>\nGary Jordan<br \/>\nJohnson Space Center, Houston<br \/>\n281-483-5111<br \/>\ngary.j.jordan@nasa.gov<\/p>\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Editor\u2019s Note: The sentence about commercial companies and facilities on the station that support research and development projects has been updated to reflect the accurate numbers as of June 7. NASA is opening the International Space Station for commercial business so U.S. industry innovation and ingenuity can accelerate a thriving commercial economy in low-Earth orbit. [...]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":53778,"template":"","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"19-044","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"RELEASE","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[]},"categories":[2801,8365,2656,2735,2861,2867],"news-tags":[10561],"internal-terms":[10560],"coauthors":[],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"NASA Opens International Space Station to New Commercial Opportunities, Private Astronauts","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-opens-international-space-station-to-new-commercial-opportunities-private-astronauts\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-opens-international-space-station-to-new-commercial-opportunities-private-astronauts\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg"},"articleSection":"Humans in Space","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"NASA"}],"creator":["NASA"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["NASA Centers & Facilities","NASA Headquarters","Commercial Space","Expedition 59","Humans in Space","International Space Station (ISS)","Johnson Space Center"],"dateCreated":"2019-06-07T17:08:00Z","datePublished":"2019-06-07T17:08:00Z","dateModified":"2023-07-26T19:18:30Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"NASA Opens International Space Station to New Commercial Opportunities, Private Astronauts\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/news-release\/nasa-opens-international-space-station-to-new-commercial-opportunities-private-astronauts\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"post\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2019-06-07T17:08:00Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"Humans in Space\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"NASA Centers & Facilities,NASA Headquarters,Commercial Space,Expedition 59,Humans in Space,International Space Station (ISS),Johnson Space Center\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"NASA\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":8,"featured_image":{"id":53778,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/leo-economy-header-background.jpg","title":"leo-economy-header-background","alt":"LEO Economy header","caption":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/press-release\/53110"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/press-release"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/press-release"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/press-release\/53110\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":186506,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/press-release\/53110\/revisions\/186506"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/53778"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=53110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=53110"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=53110"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=53110"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=53110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}