{"id":70692,"date":"2020-01-07T21:27:30","date_gmt":"2020-01-08T02:27:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?migration=converted-node-457173"},"modified":"2023-12-01T10:21:39","modified_gmt":"2023-12-01T15:21:39","slug":"cardiovascular-health-in-microgravity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/cardiovascular-health-in-microgravity\/","title":{"rendered":"Cardiovascular Health in Microgravity"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1430\" height=\"953\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg?w=1430\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"astronaut David Saint-Jacques performs an ultrasound on himself inside the space station\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg 1430w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg?resize=1024,682 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1430px) 100vw, 1430px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Canadian Space Agency astronaut David Saint-Jacques performs an ultrasound for Vascular Echo, one of three Canadian experiments in the Vascular series, which study the effects of weightlessness on astronauts\u2019 blood vessels and hearts aboard the International Space Station.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\"><em>Credits: Canadian Space Agency\/NASA<\/em><\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Humans \u201cheart\u201d Earth. The cardiovascular system that includes both the heart and blood vessels has evolved to operate in Earth\u2019s gravity while standing, sitting or lying down. Daily physical activity while working or exercising against gravity keeps everything flowing smoothly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As soon as astronauts arrive in microgravity, and while they remain on the International Space Station, blood and other body fluids are pushed \u201cupward\u201d from the legs and abdomen toward the heart and head. This fluid shift causes a decrease in the amount of blood and fluid in the heart and blood vessels even while astronauts experience swelling in the face and head.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1365\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"astronaut David Saint-Jacques wearing the Bio-Monitor inside the space station\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 44% 83%; object-position: 44% 83%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg 5568w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg?resize=768,512 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg?resize=1024,683 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg?resize=1536,1024 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg?resize=2048,1365 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg?resize=600,400 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg?resize=900,600 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg?resize=1200,800 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/3_david-saint-jacques-and-bio-monitor.jpg?resize=2000,1333 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Canadian Space Agency astronaut David Saint-Jacques wearing the Bio-Monitor, a Canadian technology designed to measure and record astronauts\u2019 vital signs. The Vascular Aging investigation uses the shirt to collect data.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\"><em>Credits: Canadian Space Agency\/NASA<\/em><\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Because spending time in space affects the human heart and circulatory system, quite a bit of research conducted aboard the space station looks at these effects in both the short- and long-term. Much of this research aims to develop and test countermeasures to cardiovascular changes. What we learn has important applications on the ground as well, in part because many of the changes seen in space resemble those caused by aging on Earth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fluid shifts experienced by astronauts during extended microgravity missions on the space station affect not only the cardiovascular system but also the brain, eyes and other neurological functions. The apparent increase in fluid within the skull is thought to increase brain pressure, which can cause hearing loss, brain edema and deformation of the eye known as Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/humanresearchroadmap.nasa.gov\/Risks\/risk.aspx?i=105\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">SANS<\/a><\/strong>). In microgravity the heart changes it shape from an oval (like a water-filled balloon) to a round ball (an air filled balloon), and space causes atrophy of muscles that on Earth work to constrict the blood vessels, so they cannot control blood flow as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On return to Earth, gravity once again \u201cpulls\u201d the blood and fluids into the abdomen and legs. The loss of blood volume, combined with atrophy of the heart and blood vessels that can occur in space, reduces the ability to regulate a drop in blood pressure that happens when we stand on Earth. Some astronauts experience orthostatic intolerance \u2014 difficulty or inability to stand as a result of light headedness and\/or fainting after return to Earth.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1360\" height=\"2048\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg?w=1360\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"astronaut Alexander Gerst working out inside the space station\" style=\"transform: scale(1.1); transform-origin: 0% 66%; object-position: 0% 66%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg 2848w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg?resize=199,300 199w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg?resize=768,1156 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg?resize=680,1024 680w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg?resize=1020,1536 1020w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg?resize=1360,2048 1360w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg?resize=266,400 266w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg?resize=399,600 399w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg?resize=598,900 598w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg?resize=797,1200 797w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2_iss040e006102.jpg?resize=1328,2000 1328w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1360px) 100vw, 1360px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">ESA (European Space Agency) astronaut Alexander Gerst gets a workout on the Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED) in the Tranquility node of the International Space Station.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\"><em>Credits: NASA<\/em><\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Exercise in space is an efficient way to maintain most types of cardiovascular fitness. Equipment is available on the space station both for resistive exercises using the Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED) and aerobic exercises using a treadmill or stationary bike. In addition, astronauts can wear special trousers that use pressure differences to pull blood back into the abdomen and legs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Important research is being done on the space station to learn more about SANS and to develop and test countermeasures to the many possible different cardiovascular changes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This space station research has important applications on Earth as well, in part because many of the changes seen in space resemble those caused by aging or illnesses \u2014 cardiovascular dysfunction due to inflammation, lack of exercise, possible intracranial hypertension, orthostatic intolerance, and hormonal and metabolic changes. Scientists are examining the underlying cellular mechanisms behind many cardiovascular system changes not only in astronauts, but also by using model organisms, cell cultures, organs on a chip and stem cells.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Whether they go to space or not, all humans can \u201cheart\u201d cardiovascular research on the station.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"astronaut Chris Hadfield setting up the HRF inside the space station\" style=\"transform: scale(1.1); transform-origin: 21% 100%; object-position: 21% 100%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg 4288w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg?resize=300,199 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg?resize=768,510 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg?resize=1024,680 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg?resize=1536,1020 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg?resize=2048,1360 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg?resize=400,266 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg?resize=600,399 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg?resize=900,598 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg?resize=1200,797 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/4_iss035e022360.jpg?resize=2000,1328 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">In support of the Blood Pressure Regulation Experiment (BP Reg), Chris Hadfield of the Canadian Space Agency is pictured after setting up the Human Research Facility (HRF) PFS (Pulmonary Function System) and the European Physiology Module (EPM) Cardiolab (CDL) Leg\/Arm Cuff System (LACS) and conducting the first ever session of this experiment.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\"><em>Credits: NASA<\/em><\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-center nasa-button-link padding-y-1 padding-x-0 hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-link\">\n\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission\/station\/research-explorer\/\" target=\"_self\" class=\"button-primary button-primary-md link-external-true\" aria-label=\"Learn more about relevant experiments in the Space Station Research Explorer database\">\n\t\t<span class=\"line-height-alt-1\">Learn more about relevant experiments in the Space Station Research Explorer database<\/span>\n\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"button-primary-circle\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t<\/a>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More Topics<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/international-space-station\/space-station-research-and-technology\/space-station-science-101\/space-station-science-101-human-research\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Station Science 101: Human Research<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1041\" height=\"693\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss036e006520.jpg?w=1041\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss036e006520.jpg 1041w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss036e006520.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss036e006520.jpg?resize=768,511 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss036e006520.jpg?resize=1024,682 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss036e006520.jpg?resize=400,266 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss036e006520.jpg?resize=600,399 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/iss036e006520.jpg?resize=900,599 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1041px) 100vw, 1041px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/international-space-station\/space-station-research-and-technology\/latest-news-from-space-station-research\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Latest News from Space Station Research<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1536\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=200,300 200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=768,1152 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=683,1024 683w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=1024,1536 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=267,400 267w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=400,600 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=600,900 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/edu_iss066e135704_orig.jpg?resize=800,1200 800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/international-space-station\/space-station-research-and-technology\/benefits-for-humanity\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Station Benefits for Humanity<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"864\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/benefits-cover-cupola-for-web-mod.png?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/benefits-cover-cupola-for-web-mod.png 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/benefits-cover-cupola-for-web-mod.png?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/benefits-cover-cupola-for-web-mod.png?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/benefits-cover-cupola-for-web-mod.png?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/benefits-cover-cupola-for-web-mod.png?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/benefits-cover-cupola-for-web-mod.png?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/benefits-cover-cupola-for-web-mod.png?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/benefits-cover-cupola-for-web-mod.png?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/benefits-cover-cupola-for-web-mod.png?resize=1200,675 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/hrp\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Human Research Program<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"404\" height=\"530\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/jasmin2.png?w=404\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/jasmin2.png 404w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/jasmin2.png?resize=229,300 229w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/jasmin2.png?resize=305,400 305w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 404px) 100vw, 404px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Humans \u201cheart\u201d Earth. The cardiovascular system that includes both the heart and blood vessels has evolved to operate in Earth\u2019s gravity while standing, sitting or lying down. Daily physical activity while working or exercising against gravity keeps everything flowing smoothly. As soon as astronauts arrive in microgravity, and while they remain on the International Space [...]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":64,"featured_media":77587,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[2735,2846,2656,11285,2662],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[3995,8610,5093],"coauthors":[12410],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Cardiovascular Health in Microgravity","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/cardiovascular-health-in-microgravity\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/cardiovascular-health-in-microgravity\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg"},"articleSection":"Missions","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Space Station Research Integration Office"}],"creator":["Space Station Research Integration Office"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["Science & Research","International Space Station (ISS)","For Researchers","Humans in Space","ISS Research"],"dateCreated":"2020-01-08T02:27:30Z","datePublished":"2020-01-08T02:27:30Z","dateModified":"2023-12-01T15:21:39Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"Cardiovascular Health in Microgravity\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/missions\/station\/cardiovascular-health-in-microgravity\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"post\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2020-01-08T02:27:30Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"Missions\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"Science & Research,International Space Station (ISS),For Researchers,Humans in Space,ISS Research\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Space Station Research Integration Office\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":3,"time_ago":"4 years","featured_image":{"id":77587,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/1_david-saint-jacques-vescular.jpg","title":"david-saint-jacques-vascular-echo","alt":"Canadian Space Agency astronaut David Saint-Jacques performs an ultrasound for Vascular Echo while on the space station. Saint-Jaques holds a small, white ultrasound device with his left hand and presses it to his neck. The ultrasound device is tethered to the wall of the space station.","caption":"Canadian Space Agency astronaut David Saint-Jacques performs an ultrasound for Vascular Echo, one of three Canadian experiments in the Vascular series, which study the effects of weightlessness on astronauts\u2019 blood vessels and hearts aboard the International Space Station."},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70692"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/64"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=70692"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70692\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":490426,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/70692\/revisions\/490426"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/77587"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=70692"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=70692"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=70692"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=70692"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=70692"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}