IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF IOWA

No. 16-0631

Filed November 23, 2016

STATE OF IOWA,

Plaintiff-Appellee,

vs.

TRAVIS NOLE TRUSTIN,

Defendant-Appellant.

________________________________________________________________

Appeal from the Iowa District Court for Cerro Gordo County, James M. 

Drew, Judge.

Travis Trustin contends he received ineffective assistance of counsel in 

his guilty plea proceeding. AFFIRMED.

Joseph R. Lapointe, Mason City, for appellant.

Thomas J. Miller, Attorney General, and Thomas E. Bakke, Assistant 

Attorney General, for appellee.

Considered by Vaitheswaran, P.J., Potterfield, J., and Scott, S.J.*

*Senior judge assigned by order pursuant to Iowa Code section 602.9206 (2015).
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VAITHESWARAN, Presiding Judge.

Travis Trustin pled guilty to introducing contraband into a jail in violation of 

Iowa Code section 719.7(3)(a) (2015). On appeal, Trustin contends the district 

court (1) failed to advise him of a drug abuse resistance education (DARE) 

surcharge or a thirty-five percent surcharge and (2) failed to advise him that he 

had the right to use compulsory process in securing the attendance of witnesses. 

Trustin did not bring these issues to the district court’s attention by filing a 

motion in arrest of judgment. This omission would normally preclude review. 

See State v. Fisher, 877 N.W.2d 676, 680 (Iowa 2016). Trustin argues we may 

circumvent this rule in light of the district court’s failure to advise him that a 

motion in arrest of judgment was a prerequisite to filing an appeal. Alternatively, 

Trustin raises the issues under an ineffective-assistance-of-counsel-rubric.

We conclude Trustin was properly advised of the consequences of failing 

to file a motion arrest of judgment. At the plea hearing, the district court told 

Trustin that if he did not file such a “motion in a timely manner, [he] will have 

waived any defects that might have occurred.” In addition, a written record of 

“plea change” informed Trustin, “A [d]efendant’s failure to challenge the 

adequacy of a guilty plea proceeding by Motion in Arrest of Judgment shall 

preclude his or her right to assert such challenge on appeal.” Because Trustin 

received complete advice on the consequences of failing to file a motion in arrest 

of judgment, he cannot obtain direct review of the challenges he now raises and 

we will review those challenges as ineffective assistance of counsel claims. We 

find the record adequate to address these claims. 
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Trustin must establish the breach of an essential duty and prejudice. See 

Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984). Prejudice in this context 

requires proof of “a reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s errors, he would 

not have pleaded guilty and would have insisted on going to trial.” State v. 

Myers, 653 N.W.2d 574, 578 (Iowa 2002) (citation omitted). On our de novo 

review, we are persuaded Trustin cannot establish prejudice on either of his 

claims. 

With respect to the first claim, the State notes and we agree that the 

DARE surcharge was inapplicable. See Iowa Code § 911.2(1) (requiring 

assessment for a “violation of an offense provided for in chapter 321J or chapter 

124, division IV”). The thirty-five percent surcharge authorized by Iowa Code 

section 911.1(1) was a “mandatory ‘additional penalty’” of which Trustin should 

have been informed. Fisher, 877 N.W.2d at 685-86. The district court did not 

mention this surcharge. But even if counsel breached an essential duty in failing 

to challenge this omission, Trustin does not claim he would have insisted on 

going to trial but for this omission. See State v. Ware, No. 16-0093, 2016 WL 

4036237, at *2 (Iowa Ct. App. July 27, 2016). Indeed, Trustin informed the court 

he wished to plead guilty even after being told that “there might be” additional 

surcharges. 

With respect to the second claim, the district court informed Trustin that he 

would be “giving up the right to present [his] own witnesses,” but did not 

specifically mention the forfeiture of his right to compel witnesses’ attendance. 

Even if counsel breached an essential duty in failing to challenge the court’s 

omission of a reference to compulsory process, Trustin made no claim “there 
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were any witnesses whose testimony was denied . . . because []he did not know 

[]he could force them to testify.” Myers, 653 N.W.2d at 579.

We affirm Trustin’s judgment and sentence.

AFFIRMED.