[Federal Register Volume 80, Number 59 (Friday, March 27, 2015)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Pages 16309-16318]
From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
[FR Doc No: 2015-07058]


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DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

10 CFR Part 431

[Docket Number EERE-2014-BT-STD-0058]


Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for 
Residential Clothes Dryers

AGENCY: Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of 
Energy.

ACTION: Request for information (RFI).

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SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) is initiating an effort to 
determine whether to amend the current energy conservation standards 
for residential clothes dryers. According to the Energy Policy and 
Conservation Act's 6-year review requirement, DOE must publish a notice 
of proposed rulemaking to propose amended standards for residential 
clothes dryers or a notice of determination that the existing standards 
do not need to be amended by August 24, 2017. This notice seeks to 
solicit information from the public to help DOE determine whether 
amended standards for residential clothes dryers would result in a 
significant amount of additional energy savings and whether those 
standards would be technologically feasible and economically justified.

DATES: Written comments and information are requested on or before May 
11, 2015.

ADDRESSES: Interested parties are encouraged to submit comments 
electronically. Comments may be submitted by any of the following 
methods:
    <bullet> Federal eRulemaking Portal: www.regulations.gov. Follow 
the instructions for submitting comments.
    <bullet> Email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#4b192e380827243f232e380f39322e3938797b7a7f181f0f7b7b7e730b2e2e652f242e652c243d"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="33615640705f5c475b564077414a564140010302076067770303060b7356561d575c561d545c45">[email protected]</span></a>. Include 
docket number EERE-2014-BT-STD-0058 in the subject line of the message. 
All comments should clearly identify the name, address, and, if 
appropriate, organization of the commenter.
    <bullet> Postal Mail: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department of 
Energy, Building Technologies Office, Mailstop EE-5B, Request for 
Information for Energy Conservation Standards for Residential Clothes 
Dryers, Docket No. EERE-2014-BT-STD-0058, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., 
Washington, DC 20585-0121. If possible, please submit all items on a 
compact disc (CD), in which case it is not necessary to include printed 
copies.
    <bullet> Hand Delivery/Courier: Ms. Brenda Edwards, U.S. Department 
of Energy, Building Technologies Office, 950 L'Enfant Plaza SW., Suite 
600, Washington, DC 20024. Telephone: (202) 586-2945. If possible, 
please submit all items on a CD, in which case it is not necessary to 
include printed copies.
    Instructions: All submissions received must include the agency name 
and docket number for this rulemaking. No telefacsimiles (faxes) will 
be accepted.
    Docket: The docket, which includes Federal Register notices, public 
meeting attendee lists and transcripts, comments, and other supporting 
documents/materials, is available for review at www.regulations.gov. 
All documents in the docket are listed in the www.regulations.gov 
index. However, some documents listed in the index may not be publicly 
available, such as those containing information that is exempt from 
public disclosure.
    A link to the docket Web page can be found at: http://www.regulations.gov/#!docketDetail;D=EERE-2014-BT-STD-0058. This Web 
page contains a link to the docket for this notice on the 
www.regulations.gov Web site. The www.regulations.gov Web page contains 
simple instructions on how to access all documents, including public 
comments, in the docket.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: 
Mr. Bryan Berringer, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy 
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office, EE-5B, 
1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585-0121. Telephone: 
(202) 586-0371. Email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#8edcebfdcde2e1fae6ebfdcafcf7ebfcfdbcbebfbadddacabebebbb6ceebeba0eae1eba0e9e1f8"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="194b7c6a5a75766d717c6a5d6b607c6b6a2b29282d4a4d5d29292c21597c7c377d767c377e766f">[email protected]</span></a>.
Mr. Pete Cochran, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the General 
Counsel, GC-33, 1000 Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC 20585-
0121. Telephone: (202) 586-9496. Email: <a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#770712031205591418141f051619371f065913181259101801"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="92e2f7e6f7e0bcf1fdf1fae0f3fcd2fae3bcf6fdf7bcf5fde4">[email protected]</span></a>.

    For information on how to submit or review public comments, contact 
Ms. Brenda Edwards at (202) 586-2945 or by email: 
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#0f4d7d6a616b6e214a6b786e7d6b7c4f6a6a216b606a21686079"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="82c0f0e7ece6e3acc7e6f5e3f0e6f1c2e7e7ace6ede7ace5edf4">[email protected]</span></a>.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

Table of Contents

I. Introduction

[[Page 16310]]

    A. Authority and Background
    B. Rulemaking Process
II. Request for Information and Comments
    A. Products Covered by This Rulemaking
    B. Test Procedure
    C. Market Assessment
    D. Engineering Analysis
    E. Markups Analysis
    F. Energy Use Analysis
    G. Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Analysis
    H. Shipments Analysis
    I. National Impact Analysis
    J. Manufacturer Impact Analysis
III. Submission of Comments

I. Introduction

A. Authority and Background

    Title III, Part B \1\ of the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 
1975 (EPCA or the Act), Public Law 94-163 (42 U.S.C. 6291-6309, as 
codified), established the Energy Conservation Program for Consumer 
Products Other Than Automobiles.\2\ These products include residential 
clothes dryers, the subject of this Request for Information (RFI).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ For editorial reasons, upon codification in the U.S. Code, 
Part B was redesignated Part A.
    \2\ All references to EPCA in this document refer to the statute 
as amended through the American Energy Manufacturing Technical 
Corrections Act (AEMTCA), Public Law 112-210 (Dec. 18, 2012).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Pursuant to EPCA, any new or amended energy conservation standard 
must be designed to achieve the maximum improvement in energy 
efficiency that is technologically feasible and economically justified. 
(42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(A)) Furthermore, the new or amended standard must 
result in a significant conservation of energy. (42 U.S.C. 
6295(o)(3)(B)) EPCA also provides that not later than 6 years after 
issuance of any final rule establishing or amending a standard, DOE 
must publish either a notice of determination that standards for the 
product do not need to be amended, or a notice of proposed rulemaking 
(NOPR) including new proposed energy conservation standards. (42 U.S.C. 
6295(m)(1))
    On April 21, 2011, DOE published a direct final rule (2011 Direct 
Final Rule) amending the energy conservation standards for residential 
clothes dryers. 76 FR 22454. The amended energy conservation standards 
were based on a new metric, the combined energy factor (CEF), that 
incorporates energy use in active mode, standby mode, and off mode. DOE 
established an initial compliance date of April 24, 2014 for the 
amended standards. Subsequently, DOE amended the compliance date for 
the new standards to January 1, 2015. 76 FR 52852 (Aug. 24, 2011).
    Thus, DOE must publish either a NOPR proposing amended standards 
for residential clothes dryers or a notice of determination that the 
existing standards do not need to be amended by August 24, 2017. This 
RFI seeks input from the public to assist DOE with its determination on 
whether new or amended standards pertaining to residential clothes 
dryers are warranted. In making this determination, DOE must evaluate 
whether amended standards would: (1) Yield a significant savings in 
energy use; and (2) be both technologically feasible and economically 
justified. (42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(3)(B))

B. Rulemaking Process

    DOE must follow specific statutory criteria for prescribing new or 
amended standards for covered products, including residential clothes 
dryers. Any new or amended standard for a covered product must be 
designed to achieve the maximum improvement in energy efficiency that 
is technologically feasible and economically justified. (42 U.S.C. 
6295(o)(2)(A)) Furthermore, DOE may not adopt any standard that would 
not result in the significant conservation of energy. (42 U.S.C. 
6295(o)(3)(B)) In deciding whether a proposed standard is economically 
justified, DOE must determine whether the benefits of the standard 
exceed its burdens. (42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(B)(i)) DOE must make this 
determination after receiving comments on the proposed standard, and by 
considering, to the greatest extent practicable, the following seven 
statutory factors:
    1. The economic impact of the standard on the manufacturers and 
consumers of the affected products;
    2. The savings in operating costs throughout the estimated average 
life of the affected products compared to any increases in the initial 
cost, or maintenance expenses;
    3. The total projected amount of energy and water (if applicable) 
savings likely to result directly from the imposition of the standard;
    4. Any lessening of the utility or the performance of the affected 
products likely to result from the imposition of the standard;
    5. The impact of any lessening of competition, as determined in 
writing by the Attorney General, that is likely to result from the 
imposition of the standard;
    6. The need for national energy and water conservation; and
    7. Other factors the Secretary of Energy (Secretary) considers 
relevant. (42 U.S.C. 6295 (o)(2)(B)(i))
    DOE fulfills these and other applicable requirements by conducting 
a series of analyses throughout the rulemaking process. Table I.1 shows 
the individual analyses that are performed to satisfy each of the 
requirements within EPCA.

       Table I.1--EPCA Requirements and Corresponding DOE Analysis
------------------------------------------------------------------------
            EPCA requirement                Corresponding DOE analysis
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Technological Feasibility..............  <bullet> Market and Technology
                                          Assessment.
                                         <bullet> Screening Analysis.
                                         <bullet> Engineering Analysis.
Economic Justification:
    1. Economic impact on manufacturers  <bullet> Manufacturer Impact
     and consumers.                       Analysis.
                                         <bullet> Life-Cycle Cost and
                                          Payback Period Analysis.
                                         <bullet> Life-Cycle Cost
                                          Subgroup Analysis.
                                         <bullet> Shipments Analysis.
    2. Lifetime operating cost savings   <bullet> Markups for Product
     compared to increased cost for the   Price Determination.
     product.                            <bullet> Energy and Water Use
                                          Determination.
                                         <bullet> Life-Cycle Cost and
                                          Payback Period Analysis.
    3. Total projected energy savings..  <bullet> Shipments Analysis.
                                         <bullet> National Impact
                                          Analysis.
    4. Impact on utility or performance  <bullet> Screening Analysis.
                                         <bullet> Engineering Analysis.
    5. Impact of any lessening of        <bullet> Manufacturer Impact
     competition.                         Analysis.

[[Page 16311]]

 
    6. Need for national energy and      <bullet> Shipments Analysis.
     water conservation.                 <bullet> National Impact
                                          Analysis.
    7. Other factors the Secretary       <bullet> Emissions Analysis.
     considers relevant.
                                         <bullet> Utility Impact
                                          Analysis.
                                         <bullet> Employment Impact
                                          Analysis.
                                         <bullet> Monetization of
                                          Emission Reductions Benefits.
                                         <bullet> Regulatory Impact
                                          Analysis.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    As detailed throughout this RFI, DOE is publishing this notice as 
the first step in the analysis process and is requesting input and data 
from interested parties to aid in the development of the technical 
analyses.

II. Request for Information and Comments

    In the next section, DOE has identified a variety of questions that 
DOE would like to receive input on to aid in the development of the 
technical and economic analyses regarding whether amended standards for 
residential clothes dryers may be warranted. In addition, DOE welcomes 
comments on other issues relevant to the conduct of this rulemaking 
that may not be identified specifically in this notice. As part of the 
process for soliciting information, DOE is providing a document titled 
``APPENDIX--EXAMPLES OF RESIDENTIAL CLOTHES DRYER DATA'' (available at 
http://www.regulations.gov/#!docketDetail;D=EERE-2014-BT-STD-0058) to 
provide examples of the type of data needed for the rulemaking 
analyses.

A. Products Covered by This Rulemaking

    DOE defines an electric clothes dryer to mean ``a cabinet-like 
appliance designed to dry fabrics in a tumble-type drum with forced air 
circulation. The heat source is electricity and the drum and blower(s) 
are driven by an electric motor(s).'' (10 CFR 430.2) Similarly, DOE 
defines a gas clothes dryer to mean ``a cabinet-like appliance designed 
to dry fabrics in a tumble-type drum with forced air circulation. The 
heat source is gas and the drum and blower(s) are driven by an electric 
motor(s).'' (10 CFR 430.2) As part of this rulemaking, DOE intends to 
address energy conservation standards for both electric and gas clothes 
dryers.

B. Test Procedure

    DOE's test procedures for clothes dryers are codified in appendix 
D1 and appendix D2 to subpart B of Title 10 of the Code of Federal 
Regulations (CFR). On January 6, 2011, DOE issued an amended test 
procedure for residential clothes dryers, in which it (1) adopted the 
provisions for the measurement of standby mode and off mode energy use 
along with a new energy efficiency metric, Combined Energy Factor 
(CEF), that incorporates energy use in active mode, standby mode, and 
off mode; and (2) adopted several amendments to the clothes dryer test 
procedure concerning active mode. 76 FR 972. DOE created a new appendix 
D1 in 10 CFR part 430 subpart B that contained the amended test 
procedure for clothes dryers.
    DOE issued a final rule on August 14, 2013 (August 2013 TP Final 
Rule), to amend the clothes dryer test procedure, in which it: (1) 
Updated appendix D1 to reference the latest edition of the 
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard 62301, 
``Household electrical appliances--Measurement of standby power,'' 
Edition 2.0 2011-01; (2) amended appendix D1 to clarify the cycle 
settings used for the test cycle, the requirements for the gas supply 
for gas clothes dryers, the installation conditions for console lights, 
the method for measuring the drum capacity, the maximum allowable 
weighing scale range, and the allowable use of a relative humidity 
meter; and (3) created a new appendix D2 that includes, in addition to 
the amendments discussed above, testing methods for measuring the 
effects of automatic cycle termination. 78 FR 49608. Manufacturers must 
use either the test procedures in appendix D1 or D2 to demonstrate 
compliance with energy conservation standards for clothes dryers as of 
January 1, 2015. Manufacturers must use a single appendix for all 
representations, including certifications of compliance, and may not 
use appendix D1 for certain representations and appendix D2 for other 
representations.
    DOE may consider energy conservation standards using the new 
appendix D2 test method to more accurately account for the effects of 
automatic cycle termination.
    Interested parties have commented publicly, as part of the previous 
test procedure rulemaking process and more recently through other 
public channels, that the DOE clothes dryer test procedures may not 
produce results that are representative of consumer use with regards to 
test load size and composition, cycle settings for the test cycle, and 
other provisions in the test procedure. DOE also notes that Oak Ridge 
National Laboratory (ORNL) and Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 
(PNNL) recently published reports evaluating clothes dryer performance 
using the new appendix D2 test method and investigating new automatic 
cycle termination concepts for improving clothes dryer efficiency.\3\ 
In consideration of these concerns regarding the test procedure and the 
recent clothes dryer automatic cycle termination research, DOE 
initiated an effort to determine whether amendments to the test 
procedure are warranted. DOE held a public meeting on November 13, 
2014, to solicit comments from interested parties on potential changes 
to the clothes dryer test procedure.\4\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \3\ K. Gluesenkamp, Residential Clothes Dryer Performance Under 
Timed and Automatic Cycle Termination Test Procedures, Oak Ridge 
National Laboratory Report No. ORNL/TM-2014/431 (2014) (``ORNL/TM-
2014/431 Report'') (Available at: http://web.ornl.gov/sci/buildings/docs/2014-10-09-ORNL-DryerFinalReport-TM-2014-431.pdf); W. 
TeGrotenhuis, Clothes Dryer Automatic Termination Sensor Evaluation. 
Volume 1: Characterization of Energy Use in Residential Clothes 
Dryers, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Report No. PNNL-23621 
(2014) (``PNNL-23621 Report'') (Available at: http://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-23621.pdf); W. 
TeGrotenhuis, Clothes Dryer Automatic Termination Sensor Evaluation. 
Volume 2: Improved Sensor and Control Designs, Pacific Northwest 
National Laboratory Report No. PNNL-23616 (2014) (Available at: 
http://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-23616.pdf).
    \4\ The docket for this test procedure rulemaking is available 
at: http://www.regulations.gov/#!docketDetail;D=EERE-2014-BT-TP-
0034.
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C. Market Assessment

    The market and technology assessment provides information about the 
residential clothes dryer industry that will be used throughout the 
rulemaking process. For example, this

[[Page 16312]]

information will be used to determine whether the existing product 
class structure requires modification based on technological 
improvements in the design and manufacturing of such products. DOE uses 
qualitative and quantitative information to analyze the residential 
clothes dryer industry and market. DOE will identify and characterize 
the manufacturers of clothes dryers, estimate market shares and trends, 
address regulatory and non-regulatory initiatives intended to improve 
energy efficiency or reduce energy consumption, and explore the 
potential for technological improvements in the design and 
manufacturing of clothes dryers. DOE will also review product 
literature, industry publications, and company Web sites. Additionally, 
DOE will consider conducting interviews with manufacturers to assess 
the overall market for residential clothes dryers.
Product Classes
    When evaluating and establishing energy conservation standards, DOE 
may divide covered products into product classes by the type of energy 
used or by capacity or other performance-related features that would 
justify a different standard. In making a determination whether a 
performance-related feature justifies a different standard, DOE must 
consider factors such as the utility to the consumer of the feature and 
other factors DOE determines are appropriate. (42 U.S.C. 6295(q))
    During the previous energy conservation standards rulemaking for 
residential clothes dryers, DOE established four product classes for 
vented clothes dryers and two product classes for ventless clothes 
dryers. DOE established separate product classes for ventless clothes 
dryers because of the unique utility they offer consumers, i.e., the 
ability to have a clothes dryer in a living area where vents are 
impossible to install, such as an apartment in a high-rise building, 
where venting dryers would be precluded due to venting restrictions. As 
part of the previous rulemaking, DOE established product classes for 
ventless electric compact (240V) clothes dryers and ventless electric 
combination washer/dryers.\5\ The product classes established in the 
previous energy conservation standards rulemaking are presented in 
Table II.1.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \5\ A ventless combination washer/dryer is a device that washes 
and then dries clothes in the same basket/cavity in a combined 
cycle.

           Table II.1--Existing Clothes Dryer Product Classes
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vented dryers
  1. Electric, Standard (4.4 cubic feet (ft\3\) or greater capacity).
  2. Electric, Compact (120 volts (V)) (less than 4.4 ft\3\ capacity).
  3. Electric, Compact (240 V) (less than 4.4 ft\3\ capacity).
  4. Gas.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ventless dryers
  5. Electric, Compact (240 V) (less than 4.4 ft\3\ capacity).
  6. Electric, Combination Washer/Dryer.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Based on DOE's review of products available on market, DOE notes 
that at least one manufacturer offers a ventless clothes dryers with a 
drum capacity greater than 4.4 cubic feet. As a result, DOE tentatively 
proposes to establish an additional product class for ventless electric 
standard clothes dryers listed in Table II.2.

           Table II.2--Proposed Clothes Dryer Product Classes
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vented dryers
  7. Electric, Standard (4.4 cubic feet (ft\3\) or greater capacity).
  8. Electric, Compact (120 volts (V)) (less than 4.4 ft\3\ capacity).
  9. Electric, Compact (240 V) (less than 4.4 ft\3\ capacity).
  10. Gas.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ventless dryers
  11. Electric, Standard (4.4 ft\3\ or greater capacity).
  12. Electric, Compact (240 V) (less than 4.4 ft\3\ capacity).
  13. Electric, Combination Washer/Dryer.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Issue C.1 DOE requests feedback on the proposed product classes and 
seeks information regarding other product classes it should consider 
for inclusion in its analysis. In particular, DOE requests comment on 
the determination to consider a separate product class for ventless 
electric clothes dryers with drum capacities of 4.4 cubic feet or 
greater. If commenters believe that additional product classes are 
warranted, DOE requests comment as to how those classes should be 
configured, as well as energy use data and utility or performance-
related information justifying the need for a separate class.
Technology Assessment and Screening Analysis
    The purpose of the technology assessment is to develop a 
preliminary list of technologies that could potentially be used to 
improve the efficiency of residential clothes dryers. The purpose of 
the screening analysis is to screen out technologies that are not 
appropriate for consideration in the engineering analysis due to the 
following four factors: (1) Technological feasibility, (2) 
practicability to manufacture, install, and service, (3) impacts on 
product utility to consumers, and (4) health and safety. (10 CFR part 
430, subpart C, appendix A, section (4)(a)(4)) The technologies that 
pass the screening are considered in the engineering analysis.
    DOE uses information about existing and past technology options and 
prototype designs to help identify technologies that manufacturers 
could use to meet and/or exceed energy conservation standards. In 
consultation with interested parties, DOE intends to develop a list of 
technologies to consider in its analysis. Initially, this list will 
include the technology options considered during the most recent 
residential clothes dryer standards rulemaking, including those that 
were screened out in the previous rulemaking.
    DOE plans to initially consider all of the technologies for 
residential clothes dryers identified in the previous standards 
rulemaking. These technology options are listed in Table II.3.

      Table II.3--Technology Options for Residential Clothes Dryers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Dryer Control or Drum Upgrades
  1. Improved termination.
  2. Increased insulation.
  3. Modified operating conditions.
  4. Improved air circulation.
  5. Improved drum design.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Methods of Exhaust Heat Recovery (Vented Models Only)
  6. Recycle exhaust heat.
  7. Inlet air preheat.
  8. Inlet air preheat, condensing mode.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heat Generation Options
  9. Heat pump, electric only.
  10. Microwave, electric only.
  11. Modulating heat.
  12. Indirect heating.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Component Improvements
  13. Improved motor efficiency.
  14. Improved fan efficiency.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Standby Power Improvements
  15. Switching Power Supply.
  16. Transformerless Power Supply with Auto-Powerdown.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Based on a preliminary review of the clothes dryer market and 
information published in recent trade publications, technical reports, 
and manufacturer literature, DOE has observed that the results of the 
technology screening analysis performed during the previous

[[Page 16313]]

rulemaking remain largely relevant for this rulemaking.
    Issue C.2 DOE seeks information on how the above technologies, and 
any other technologies that may improve clothes dryer efficiency: (1) 
Apply to the current market; and (2) improve efficiency of clothes 
dryers as measured according to the DOE test procedure under appendix 
D2.

D. Engineering Analysis

    The engineering analysis estimates the cost-efficiency relationship 
of products at different levels of increased energy efficiency. This 
relationship serves as the basis for the cost-benefit calculations for 
consumers, manufacturers, and the nation. In determining the cost-
efficiency relationship, DOE estimates the increase in manufacturer 
cost associated with increasing the efficiency of products above the 
baseline to the maximum technologically feasible (``max-tech'') 
efficiency level for each product class. The baseline model is used as 
a reference point for each product class in the engineering analysis 
and the life-cycle cost and payback-period analyses.
Baseline Models
    For each established product class, DOE selects a baseline model as 
a reference point against which any changes resulting from energy 
conservation standards can be measured. The baseline model in each 
product class represents the characteristics of common or typical 
products in that class. Typically, a baseline model is one that just 
meets the current minimum energy conservation standards by a small 
margin.
    In developing the baseline efficiency levels, DOE initially 
considered the current standards for residential clothes dryers 
manufactured on or after January 1, 2015 presented in Table II.4.

 Table II.4--January 1, 2015 Clothes Dryer Energy Conservation Standard
                                 Levels
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                      Product class                        CEF (lb/kWh)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vented dryers
  1. Electric, Standard (4.4 ft\3\ or greater capacity).            3.73
  2. Electric, Compact (120 v) (less than 4.4 ft\3\                 3.61
   capacity)............................................
  3. Electric, Compact (240 v) (less than 4.4 ft\3\                 3.27
   capacity)............................................
  4. Gas................................................            3.30
Ventless dryers
  5. Electric, Compact (240 v) (less than 4.4 ft\3\                 2.55
   capacity)............................................
  6. Electric, Combination Washer/Dryer.................            2.08
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Since the last standards rulemaking, DOE amended the clothes dryer 
test procedures as part of the August 2013 TP Final Rule to create a 
new appendix D2 that includes testing methods for more accurately 
measuring the effects of automatic cycle termination. Because DOE is 
proposing to consider energy conservation standards based on the 
appendix D2 test method, DOE would have to establish baseline 
efficiency levels considering this new test procedure.
    As part of the August 2013 TP Final Rule, DOE presented test data 
for each product class comparing the efficiencies measured under the 
appendix D1 and D2 test procedures. 78 FR 49614-15. In addition, ORNL 
and PNNL conducted testing on separate models according to the appendix 
D1 and the new appendix D2 test procedures.\6\ Table II.5 presents the 
average measured CEF values using appendix D1 and D2 for each product 
class using the test data from DOE, ORNL, and PNNL.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \6\ ORNL/TM-2014/431 Report at 12; PNNL-23621 Report at 2.1-2.3.

                          Table II.5--Clothes Dryer Test Data Using Appendix D1 and D2
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               Appendix D1                Appendix D2
                                           Number of test  -----------------------------------------------------
              Product class                     units       Average CEF (lb/  Average CEF (lb/
                                                                  kWh)              kWh)            % Change
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vented Electric Standard................                12              3.83              3.19             -16.7
Vented Electric Compact (240V)..........                 4              3.65              3.06             -16.2
Vented Electric Compact (120V)..........                 1              3.75              2.18             -41.9
Vented Gas..............................                 8              3.43              2.87             -16.2
Ventless Electric Compact (240V)........                 1              2.98              2.73              -8.4
Ventless Electric Combination Washer/                    2              2.55              2.45              -3.9
 Dryer..................................
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Using these data, DOE developed tentative baseline efficiency 
levels by applying the percentage difference in efficiency between 
appendix D1 and D2, as presented in Table II.5, to the energy 
conservation standards for clothes dryers required on January 1, 2015, 
presented in Table II.4. The proposed baseline efficiency levels are 
presented in Table II.6. DOE did not have sufficient data to 
characterize the baseline efficiency level for the newly proposed 
product class, ventless electric standard clothes dryers.

             Table II.6--Proposed Baseline Efficiency Levels
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                Current  Standard    Proposed  Baseline
        Product class          CEF  (Appendix D1)    CEF  (Appendix D2)
                                    (lb/kWh)              (lb/kWh)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Vented dryers:
    1. Electric, Standard     3.73................  3.11.
     (4.4 ft\3\ or greater
     capacity).
    2. Electric, Compact      3.61................  3.03.
     (120 v) (less than 4.4
     ft\3\ capacity).
    3. Electric, Compact      3.27................  1.90.
     (240 v) (less than 4.4
     ft\3\ capacity).

[[Page 16314]]

 
    4. Gas..................  3.30................  2.77.
Ventless dryers:
    5. Electric, Standard     Not Applicable......  Not Available.
     (4.4 ft\3\ or greater
     capacity).
    6. Electric, Compact      2.55................  2.33.
     (240 V) (less than 4.4
     ft\3\ capacity).
    7. Electric, Combination  2.08................  2.00.
     Washer/Dryer.
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Issue D.1 DOE requests comment on approaches that it should 
consider when determining the baseline efficiency levels for each 
product class, including information regarding the merits and/or 
limitations of such approaches. DOE also requests additional test data 
to characterize the baseline efficiency levels for each product class. 
In particular, DOE requests appendix D2 test data broken down by 
standby/off mode and active mode energy use for each product class, 
including the newly proposed product class for ventless electric 
standard dryers. DOE requests additional test data for residential 
clothes dryers showing the difference in measured efficiency using the 
appendix D1 test procedure and the appendix D2 test procedure.
Higher Efficiency Levels
    DOE will analyze each product class to determine the relevant trial 
standard levels (TSLs) and to develop incremental manufacturing cost 
data at each higher efficiency level. DOE generally selects incremental 
efficiency levels based on a review of industry standards and the 
efficiency of products available on the market.
    For the vented clothes dryer product classes, DOE tentatively plans 
to consider an efficiency level associated with the current standard 
level nominal values without the adjustment used to develop the 
baseline efficiency levels discussed above. Because there is a large 
gap between these two efficiency levels, DOE is tentatively planning to 
consider evenly spaced gap fill efficiency levels. DOE also plans to 
consider efficiency levels corresponding to the Environmental 
Protection Agency's (EPA) Version 1.0 ENERGY STAR performance 
specification requirements \7\ and the ENERGY STAR 2014 Emerging 
Technology Award criteria for advanced clothes dryers.\8\ Table II.7 
shows the proposed efficiency levels for the vented clothes dryer 
product classes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \7\ ENERGY STAR Program Requirements Product Specification for 
Clothes Dryers: Eligibility Criteria Version 1.0, (May 19, 2014) 
(Available at: http://www.energystar.gov//products/certified-products/detail/17517/partners).
    \8\ ENERGY STAR 2014 Emerging Technology Award Criteria for 
Advanced Clothes Dryers, (May 13, 2014) (Available at: http://www.energystar.gov/about/awards/energy-star-emerging-technology-award/2014-emerging-technology-award-advanced-clothes-dryers).

                                       Table II.7--Efficiency Levels Under Consideration for Vented Clothes Dryers
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                              Integrated efficiency level (CEF) (lb/kWh)
                                                                             ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                  Level                      Efficiency level description                         Electric compact   Electric compact
                                                                              Electric standard        (120V)             (240V)              Gas
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Baseline................................  DOE Standard w/Adjusted Appendix                 3.11               2.10               2.74               2.77
                                           D2 Energy Use.
1.......................................  Gap Fill..........................               3.31               2.60               2.92               2.94
2.......................................  Gap Fill..........................               3.52               3.11               3.09               3.12
3.......................................  DOE Standard......................               3.73               3.61               3.27               3.30
4.......................................  ENERGY STAR Performance                          3.93               3.80               3.45               3.48
                                           Specification.
5.......................................  ENERGY STAR 2014 Emerging                        4.3                4.3                4.3                4.0
                                           Technology Award.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

    For the ventless electric compact (240V) clothes dryer and ventless 
electric combination washer/dryer product classes, DOE is again 
proposing an incremental efficiency level associated with the current 
standard level nominal values. For ventless electric compact (240V) 
clothes dryers, DOE is proposing an additional gap fill level between 
the baseline and the current standard level nominal value. DOE also 
plans to consider efficiency levels corresponding to the Version 1.0 
ENERGY STAR performance specification requirements and the ENERGY STAR 
2014 Emerging Technology Award criteria. For ventless electric 
combination washer/dryers, because limited data are available regarding 
the efficiency of products measured according to the new appendix D2 
test procedure, DOE is tentatively proposing to consider efficiency 
levels corresponding to the relative increase in efficiency levels 
considered for the 2011 Direct Final Rule analysis. For ventless 
electric standard clothes dryers, DOE notes that one recently 
introduced ventless electric standard clothes dryer qualifies for the 
ENERGY STAR 2014 Emerging Technology Award. DOE plans to consider an 
efficiency level associated with this unit. However, DOE is unaware of 
any data to determine other incremental efficiency levels for ventless 
electric standard clothes dryers. The proposed efficiency levels for 
the ventless clothes dryer product classes are presented in Table II.8 
and Table II.9.

[[Page 16315]]



   Table II.8--Efficiency Levels Under Consideration for Ventless Electric Standard and Compact (240V) Clothes
                                                     Dryers
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                              Integrated efficiency level (CEF)
                                                                                           (lb/kWh)
                 Level                      Efficiency level description    ------------------------------------
                                                                                 Electric      Electric  compact
                                                                                 standard            (240V)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Baseline...............................  DOE Standard w/Adjusted Appendix                 N/A               2.33
                                          D2 Energy Use.
1......................................  Gap Fill..........................               N/A               2.44
2......................................  DOE Standard......................               N/A               2.55
3......................................  ENERGY STAR Performance                          N/A               2.68
                                          Specification.
4......................................  ENERGY STAR 2014 Emerging                        4.5               4.3
                                          Technology Award.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------


 Table II.9--Efficiency Levels Under Consideration for Ventless Electric
                        Combination Washer/Dryers
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                           Integrated
                                                        efficiency level
                                                         (CEF) (lb/kWh)
           Level                 Efficiency level      -----------------
                                    description             Electric
                                                           combination
                                                          washer/dryer
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Baseline..................  DOE Standard w/Adjusted                 2.00
                             Appendix D2 Energy Use.
1.........................  DOE Standard..............              2.08
2.........................  2011 Direct Final Rule                  2.26
                             Analysis Gap Fill.
3.........................  EL 2 + 1.5 Watt Standby...              2.29
4.........................  EL 3 + 0.08 Watt Standby..              2.36
5.........................  Gap Fill..................              2.46
6.........................  Max-Tech (Heat Pump)......              3.55
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Issue D.3 DOE seeks input concerning the efficiency levels it 
tentatively plans to use for each product class for collecting 
incremental cost data from manufacturers of residential clothes dryers. 
In particular, DOE seeks additional data on the efficiency of products 
measured according to the new appendix D2 test procedure to 
characterize the range of efficiencies available on the market for each 
product class. DOE also seeks input on appropriate maximum 
technologically feasible efficiency levels whether any additional 
intermediate efficiency levels should be considered and the basis for 
why those levels should be selected.
Approach for Determining the Cost-Efficiency Relationship
    In order to create the cost-efficiency relationship, DOE intends to 
use an efficiency-level approach, supplemented with reverse engineering 
(physical teardowns and testing of existing products in the market), to 
identify the incremental cost and efficiency improvement associated 
with each efficiency level.
    DOE will analyze technologies and associated costs representative 
of baseline units as part of the reverse-engineering process. DOE 
intends to perform reverse engineering for each product class being 
analyzed. Whenever possible, DOE will attempt to reverse engineer test 
units that share similar platforms to better identify the efficiency 
benefits and costs of design options. As units are torn down, all 
design options used in them are noted and reviewed. Prior to tear down, 
DOE also plans to conduct limited testing to establish what control 
strategies are being used by manufacturers in conjunction with design 
options and platform design. Unit testing may include the measurement 
of disaggregated energy consumption to identify the relationship 
between particular components and control strategies taken by 
manufacturers to achieve higher efficiency levels. As part of the 
reverse-engineering process, DOE will attempt to generate a cost-
efficiency relationship for each efficiency level identified. DOE also 
requests incremental cost data for each efficiency level. DOE intends 
the data to represent the average industry-wide incremental production 
cost for each technology.
    To be useful in the manufacturer impact analysis, manufacturer cost 
information should reflect the variability in baseline models, design 
strategies, and cost structures that can exist among manufacturers. 
This information allows DOE to better understand the industry and its 
associated cost structure, and helps DOE predict the most likely impact 
of new energy efficiency regulations. For example, the reverse-
engineering methodology allows DOE to estimate the ``green-field'' 
costs of building new facilities, yet the majority of plants in any 
given industry are comprised of a mix of assets in different stages of 
depreciation. Interviews with manufacturers not only help DOE refine 
its capital expenditure estimates, but they also allow DOE to refine 
its estimates regarding depreciation and other financial parameters.
    DOE will refine the cost-efficiency data it generates through the 
reverse-engineering activities with information obtained through 
follow-up manufacturer interviews and, as necessary, information 
contained in the market and technology assessment and further review of 
publicly available cost and performance information.
    Issue D.5 DOE requests feedback on using an efficiency-level 
approach supplemented with reverse engineering to determine the 
relationship between manufacturer cost and energy efficiency for 
residential clothes dryers.
    Issue D.6 DOE also requests incremental cost data for each clothes 
dryer efficiency level as well as information about the design options 
associated with each efficiency level. DOE intends the data to 
represent the

[[Page 16316]]

average industry-wide incremental production cost for each technology.
    EPCA also requires DOE to consider any lessening of the utility or 
the performance of a covered product likely to result from the 
imposition of a new standard. (42 U.S.C. 6295(o)(2)(B)(i)(IV)) As part 
of its analysis of higher efficiency levels, DOE will consider whether 
new standards may impact the utility of residential clothes dryers.
    Issue D.7 DOE seeks comment on whether any new standards may impact 
the utility of clothes dryers. If such impacts exist, can the effects 
be quantified? If so, how?

E. Markups Analysis

    To carry out the life-cycle cost (LCC) and payback period (PBP) 
calculations, DOE needs to determine the cost to the residential 
consumer of baseline products that satisfies the currently applicable 
standards, and the cost of the more-efficient unit the consumer would 
purchase under potential amended standards. By applying a multiplier 
called a ``markup'' to the manufacturer's selling price, DOE is able to 
estimate the residential consumer's price.
    For the 2011 Direct Final Rule, DOE used distribution channels, 
based on data from the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers 
(AHAM), to characterize how products pass to the consumer. For clothes 
dryers, the main actors are manufacturers and retailers. Thus, DOE 
analyzed a manufacturer-to-consumer distribution channel consisting of 
three parties: (1) The manufacturers producing the products; (2) the 
retailers purchasing the products from manufacturers and selling them 
to consumers; and (3) the consumers who purchase the products. DOE 
plans to use the same approach in the current rulemaking.
    As was done in the last rulemaking and consistent with the approach 
followed for other energy consuming products, DOE will determine an 
average manufacturer markup by considering the annual Securities and 
Exchange Commission (SEC) 10-K reports filed by publicly traded 
manufacturers of appliances whose product range includes clothes 
dryers. DOE then revises the initial manufacturer markup estimate based 
on feedback received during manufacturer interviews. DOE will determine 
an average retailer markup by analyzing both economic census data from 
the U.S. Census Bureau and the annual SEC 10-K reports filed by 
publicly traded retailers.
    In addition to manufacturer and retailer markups, DOE will include 
sales tax in its retail price calculations. DOE will use an Internet 
source, the Sales Tax Clearinghouse, to calculate applicable sales 
taxes.
    Issue E.1 DOE seeks input from stakeholders on whether the 
distribution channels described above are still relevant for 
residential clothes dryers. DOE also welcomes comments concerning its 
proposed approach to developing estimates of markups for clothes 
dryers.

F. Energy Use Analysis

    The purpose of the energy analysis is to assess the energy-savings 
potential of different product efficiencies. DOE uses the annual energy 
consumption and energy-savings potential in the LCC and PBP analyses to 
establish the savings in consumer operating costs at various product 
efficiency levels. In contrast to the DOE test procedure, which 
provides a measure of the energy use, energy efficiency or annual 
operating cost of a covered product during a representative average use 
cycle, the energy use analysis captures a range of operating conditions 
for clothes dryers in U.S. homes.
    For the 2011 Direct Final Rule, DOE developed distributions of 
values for several operating conditions, including number of cycles, 
remaining moisture content (RMC), and load weights that reflect its 
best estimate of the range of practices found in U.S. homes. 76 FR 
22508. DOE also evaluated the indirect impact of a clothes dryer 
standard on heating and cooling loads in a household. To calculate this 
impact, DOE first characterized the location of the clothes dryers in a 
conditioned space based on the Energy Information Administration's 
(EIA's) 2005 Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS), and the 2009 
American Housing Survey (AHS). For these installations, DOE utilized 
the results from a European Union study about the impacts of clothes 
dryers on home heating and cooling loads to determine the appropriate 
factor to apply to the total clothes dryer energy use.\9\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \9\ I. R[uuml]denauer and C.O. Gensch, Energy demand of tumble 
dryers with respect to differences in technology and ambient 
conditions. Report commissioned by European Committee of Domestic 
Equipment Manufacturers (CECED) (January 13, 2004) (Available at: 
www.oeko.de/oekodoc/202/2004-009-en.pdf).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    To determine the field energy use of products that would be 
required to meet amended standard levels, DOE proposes to use data from 
the EIA's 2009 RECS, or the most recent such survey available from 
EIA.\10\ RECS is a national sample survey of housing units that 
collects statistical information on the consumption of and expenditures 
for energy in housing units along with data on energy-related 
characteristics of the housing units and occupants. RECS provides 
sufficient information to establish the type (product class) of clothes 
dryer used in each household. As a result, DOE will be able to develop 
household samples for each of the considered product classes.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \10\ U.S. Department of Energy: Energy Information 
Administration, Residential Energy Consumption Survey: 2009 RECS 
Survey Data (2013) (Available at: http://www.eia.gov/consumption/residential/data/2009/).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE requests comment or seeks input from stakeholders on the 
following issues pertaining to the energy use analysis:
    Issue F.1 Approaches for specifying the typical annual energy 
consumption of residential clothes dryers;
    Issue F.2 Data sources that DOE can use to characterize the 
variability in annual energy consumption of clothes dryers.
    Issue F.3 Data sources to characterize the indirect impact of dryer 
energy use on heating and cooling loads of a household.

G. Life-Cycle Cost and Payback Period Analysis

    The purpose of the LCC and PBP analysis is to analyze the effects 
of potential amended energy conservation standards on consumers of 
residential clothes dryers by determining how a potential amended 
standard affects the consumers' operating expenses (usually decreased) 
and total installed costs (usually increased).
    DOE intends to analyze data input variability and uncertainty by 
performing the LCC and PBP calculations on a representative sample of 
households from RECS for the considered product classes using Monte 
Carlo simulations and probability distributions. The analysis results 
are a distribution of results showing the range of LCC savings and PBPs 
for a given efficiency level relative to the baseline level.
    Inputs to the LCC and PBP analysis are categorized as: (1) Inputs 
for establishing the purchase expense, otherwise known as the total 
installed cost, and (2) inputs for calculating the operating expense. 
The primary inputs for establishing the total installed cost are the 
baseline consumer price, standard-level consumer price increases, and 
installation costs. Baseline consumer prices and standard-level 
consumer price increases will be determined by applying markups to 
manufacturer price estimates. The installation cost is added to the

[[Page 16317]]

consumer price to arrive at a total installed cost.
    In the 2011 Direct Final Rule, DOE derived the installation costs 
from RS Means 2008. 76 FR 22513. DOE plans to use similar data sources 
for this rulemaking, with adjustments to reflect current-day labor and 
material prices as well as to scale installation cost for higher-
efficiency products based on equipment weight and/or dimensions.
    Issue G.1 DOE seeks input on whether clothes dryer installation 
costs scale with equipment weight and/or dimensions.
    The primary inputs for calculating the operating costs are product 
energy consumption, product efficiency, electricity prices and 
forecasts, maintenance and repair costs, product lifetime, and discount 
rates.
    Repair costs are associated with repairing or replacing components 
that have failed in the appliance, whereas maintenance costs are 
associated with maintaining the operation of the equipment. In the 2011 
Direct Final Rule, DOE derived annualized maintenance and repair 
frequencies based on Consumer Reports data on repair and maintenance 
issues for clothes dryers during the first 4 years of ownership. DOE 
estimated that on average 1.5 percent of electric and 1.75 percent of 
gas clothes dryers are maintained or repaired each year. Based on RS 
Means Facilities Maintenance & Repair 2010 Cost Data,\11\ DOE also 
estimated that an average service call and any necessary repair or 
maintenance takes about 2.5 hours. DOE further estimated that the 
average material cost is equal to one-half of the equipment cost. The 
values for cost per service call were then annualized by multiplying by 
the frequencies and dividing by the average equipment lifetime of 16 
years. 76 FR 22514. DOE plans to use similar data sources for this 
rulemaking.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \11\ Available at: http://rsmeans.reedconstructiondata.com/60300.aspx.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    In the 2011 Direct Final Rule, DOE also assumed that repair costs 
vary in direct proportion with the product price at higher efficiency 
levels as replacement costs for more-efficient components are likely to 
be greater than replacement costs for components in baseline products.
    Issue G.2 DOE seeks stakeholder input on the approach for 
estimating repair and maintenance costs for more efficient clothes 
dryers. DOE also seeks stakeholder comment on the assumption that 
repair costs vary in direct proportion to product price as well as 
historical repair cost data as a function of efficiency.
    DOE measures LCC and PBP impacts of potential standard levels 
relative to a base case that reflects the market in the absence of 
amended standards. DOE plans to develop market-share efficiency data 
(i.e., the distribution of product shipments by efficiency) for the 
product classes DOE is considering, for the year in which compliance 
with any amended or new standards would be required. By accounting for 
consumers who already purchase more efficient products, DOE avoids 
overstating the potential benefits from new or amended standards.
    Issue G.4 DOE seeks stakeholder input and data on the fraction of 
clothes dryers sold that exceed the minimum energy efficiency 
standards. DOE also requests information on expected trends in product 
efficiency over the next five years.

H. Shipments Analysis

    DOE uses shipment projections by product class and efficiency level 
in its analysis of the national impacts of potential standards, as well 
as in the manufacturer impact analysis.
    In the 2011 Direct Final Rule, DOE developed a shipments model for 
clothes dryers driven by historical shipments data. 76 FR 22516. The 
key drivers of the shipments model included the new owner and 
replacement markets.
    Issue H.1 DOE seeks stakeholder input and data showing the 
distribution of shipments by product class.
    In the 2011 Direct Final Rule, DOE modeled the decision to repair 
or replace equipment for existing owners and the impact that decision 
would have on the shipments model. DOE estimated how increases in 
product purchase price and decreases in product operating costs due to 
standards affect product shipments.\12\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \12\ DOE-Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Energy 
Conservation Program for Consumer Products, Technical Support 
Document: Energy Efficiency Program for Consumer Products and 
Commercial and Industrial Equipment, Residential Clothes Dryers and 
Room Air Conditioners, chapter 9 (2011) (Available at: http://www.regulations.gov/#!documentDetail;D=EERE-2007-BT-STD-0010-0053).
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Issue H.2 DOE seeks input and data on factors that influence a 
consumer's decisions to repair or replace failed products.

I. National Impact Analysis

    The purpose of the national impact analysis (NIA) is to estimate 
aggregate impacts of potential efficiency standards at the national 
level. Impacts reported by DOE include the national energy savings 
(NES) from potential standards and the national net present value (NPV) 
of the total consumer benefits. The NIA considers lifetime impacts of 
potential standards on clothes dryers shipped in a 30-year period that 
begins with the expected compliance date for new or amended standards.
    To develop the NES, DOE calculates annual energy consumption of 
clothes dryers in households for the base case and each standards case. 
To develop the national NPV of consumer benefits from potential 
standards, DOE calculates national annual energy expenditures and 
annual product expenditures for the base case and the standards cases. 
DOE calculates total annual energy expenditures using data on annual 
energy consumption in each case, forecasted average annual energy 
prices, and shipment projections. The difference each year between 
operating cost savings and increased product expenditures is the net 
savings or net costs.
    A key component of DOE's estimates of NES and NPV is the product 
energy efficiency forecasted over time for the base case and for each 
of the standards cases. In the 2011 Direct Final Rule, DOE based 
projections of base-case shipment-weighted efficiency (SWEF) for the 
clothes dryer product classes on growth rates determined from 
historical data provided by AHAM.\13\ For this rulemaking, DOE plans on 
considering recent trends in efficiency and input from stakeholders to 
update product energy efficiency forecasts.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \13\ Id. chapter 10.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Issue I.1 DOE seeks historical SWEF data for residential clothes 
dryers by product class and stakeholder input regarding future trends 
in efficiency.

J. Manufacturer Impact Analysis

    The purpose of the manufacturer impact analysis (MIA) is to 
estimate the financial impact of potential energy conservation 
standards on manufacturers of residential clothes dryers and to 
evaluate the potential impact of such standards on competition, 
employment and manufacturing capacity. The MIA includes both 
quantitative and qualitative aspects. The quantitative part of the MIA 
primarily relies on the Government Regulatory Impact Model (GRIM), an 
industry cash-flow model used to estimate a range of potential impacts 
on manufacturer profitability. The qualitative part of the MIA 
addresses a proposed standard's potential impacts on manufacturing 
capacity and industry competition, as well as factors such as product 
characteristics, impacts on particular

[[Page 16318]]

subgroups of firms, and key issues from the manufacturers' perspective.
    As part of the MIA, DOE intends to analyze impacts of potential 
energy conservation standards on small business manufacturers of 
covered products. DOE intends to use the Small Business 
Administration's (SBA) small business size standards to determine 
whether manufacturers qualify as small businesses. The size standards 
are listed by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 
code and industry description.\14\ Manufacturing of residential clothes 
dryers is classified under NAICS 335224, ``Household Laundry Equipment 
Manufacturing.'' The SBA sets a threshold of 1,000 employees or less 
for an entity to be considered as a small business for this category. 
This 1,000-employee threshold would include all employees in a 
business's parent company and any other subsidiaries.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \14\ Available at: http://www.sba.gov/content/small-business-size-standards.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    DOE intends to conduct a market survey using publicly available 
information to identify potential small manufacturers using the above-
mentioned size threshold. In identifying potential small businesses, 
DOE generally uses its Compliance Certification Management System 
(CCMS), industry trade association membership directories (including 
AHAM), individual company Web sites, and market research tools (e.g., 
Hoovers reports) to create a list of companies that manufacture or sell 
products covered by this rulemaking.
    Issue J.1 DOE requests comment on whether there are any small 
business manufacturers of residential clothes dryers that it should 
consider in its analysis.

III. Submission of Comments

    DOE invites all interested parties to submit in writing by May 11, 
2015, comments and information on matters addressed in this notice and 
on other matters relevant to DOE's consideration of new or amended 
energy conservations standards for residential clothes dryers. After 
the close of the comment period, DOE will collect data, conduct 
analyses, and review public comments, as needed. These actions will aid 
in the development of a NOPR for residential clothes dryers if DOE 
decides to amend the standards for such products.
    DOE considers public participation to be a very important part of 
the process for developing test procedures and energy conservation 
standards. DOE actively encourages the participation and interaction of 
the public during the comment period in each stage of the rulemaking 
process. Interactions with and between members of the public provide a 
balanced discussion of the issues and assist DOE in the rulemaking 
process. Anyone who wishes to be added to the DOE mailing list to 
receive future notices and information about this rulemaking should 
contact Ms. Brenda Edwards at (202) 586-2945, or via email at 
<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#7634041318121758331201170412053613135812191358111900"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="e8aa9a8d868c89c6ad8c9f899a8c9ba88d8dc68c878dc68f879e">[email protected]</span></a>.

    Issued in Washington, DC, on March 23, 2015.
Kathleen B. Hogan,
Deputy Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency, Energy Efficiency and 
Renewable Energy.
[FR Doc. 2015-07058 Filed 3-26-15; 8:45 am]
BILLING CODE 6450-01-P


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