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REF ID:A53595 

HORTH ATLANTIC MILITARY COMMITTEE 

•ESTRICTED 

/frSll 

~,~.~ C OlfITE MILITAIRE DE L' ATLAllTIQUE NORD 

Standing Group Groupe Permanent 

SG:tvi-201-50 

20 July 195'0 

MEMORANDUM FOR ALL MILITARY REPRESKHTATIVES ACCREDITED 

TO THE STAMDIMG GROUP. 

SUBJECT: Regulations Governing the Handling and Use 

of Cryptographic Material Provided for the 

Use of t~e North Atlantic Treaty Organisation. 

l. The annexed regulations governing the handling and 

use of cryptographic material provided for the use of the 

North Atlantic Treatv Organisation (which are supplementary 

to the basic security agreement contained in DC 2/l) have 

been approved by the Standing Group for transmission to 

the nations signatory to the Horth Atlantic Treaty. 

2. The concurrence of member nations in these regulations 

is requested. 

FOR THE STA?IDING GROUP: ,, 

.. , 

.. 

"'"·\~ ... I'' \ ) 

,<.:. .J ; 17..A-t.U\c ... 7) ~ ~.. ... 

' C. H, DON1;sELLY 

Colonel, USA 

Secretary 

. ....

.. 

Declassified and approved for release by NSA on 09-03-2014 pursuantto E.O. 1352a 

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REGULATIONS GOVERNING THE HANDLING AND USE OF 

CRYPI'OORAPHIC MATERIAL PROVIDED FOR THE USE OF 

THE NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANISATION 

1. SCOPE 

~· Cryptography is a basic and widely employed method 

of protecting classified information transmitted by any 

means susceptible to interception. It is of paramount 

importance that the cryptographic material provided f•r the 

use of the North Atlantic Treaty 9rganisation be accerded 

a maximum degree of protection in all its phases of existence 

and use in order to insure that no information may be gained 

by unauthorised persons throut;h compromise or such cryptographic material. 

~. In order to safesuard such oryptographic material, 

it is imperative that the regulations establishing the 

protective measures to be ~rrorded such material be standnrd1zed and rigidly observed. This document sets forth 

the basic protective me~sures considered essential to the 

proper safeguarding of such cryptographic material. The 

measures outlined herein ~re ta be considered as minimum 

standards and may be elaborated upon as any or the sicnateries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation may deem 

necessary, desirable and practicable. 

~· Two separnte and distinct elements are embodied 

in any crypto system 

(1) The b~sic or unchanginp elament which may 

consist of a principle, device, or mnohine. 

(2) The specific element or vnrinble key used in 

conjunction with the basic element. 

Crypto systems provided for the use of the North Atlantia 

Treaty Organisation will be designed in such a manner 

th~t to a great degree their security depends upon safeguarding only the second or the two elements, but it is 

alse essential to establish sreai~l safeGu~rd f~ the 

~r~tectinn of the basic element. 

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~. The measures which are outlined herein and which ... apply te all items of cryptographic material likely to be 

provided for the use of the North Atlantic Treaty Qrganisation, may be augmented from time to time with additionRl 

requirements for particular items ar cryptographic mnterinl 

that may subsequently bo provided. 

2. AUTHORIZATION 

~· No crypto system will be e~ployed for North Atlantic 

Treaty Organisation purposes unless it has been approved 

by the Standing Group (Communications Electronics Coordinating Section) or higher authority. 

~· Nn crypto system approved for the use of the North 

Atlantic Treaty Organisatisn shnll be employed for any ether 

purpose but that for which it has been provided without 

express permission of the Standing Group {Communications 

Electronics Coordinating Seation). When a crypte system 

approved for the use of the North Atlantic Tre3ty Organisation is employed for other purposes than that for whioh it 

has been provided, such system will be saresuarded in 

accordance with the provisions of these re~ulations or 

such special regulations as may be issued by the Standing 

Group {Connnunic~tions Electronic CQOrdinating Section). 

~· Cryptogrnphic principles, systems, or material 

provided far the use of the North Atl~ntic Tre~ty 0rgnnisat1on may not be reproduced or copied except with the prior 

approval of the Standing Group (CoillI!lu.~ic~tions Electronics 

CoordinatinG Section). 

£. Cryptographic mateliEl.l provided for the use of the 

North Atlantic Treaty Orfanisation will not be issued to, 

discussed with or shown te personnel or organis~tions of 

any nation which is nat a signatory ~r the N•rth Atlantic 

Treaty Organis1tion witheut the pri~r approv~l cf the 

Standing Group (Communications Electronics Coordin~tinc 

Seetion). 

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3. DEFIIJIT IONS 

.!!• APPROVED CIRCUITS. Electrical means or signal 

communication which hnve been ~pproved by the Strnidint 

Group (Communications Electronics Coordin~ting Section) 

for the transmission in pl~in l~ngu~ge or clnssified intorl!Pltion or a speoified security classification, 

)2,. C OMPRO}rf..ISE. The c~pture, or rec~very, by salvage, 

theft, photography, or cryptan.~lyt1c solution of cryptographic m~terials, plans, orders, nnd the like by un• 

authorised persons. (Physical conproM1se results when 

it must be concluded th~t, by re~son of loss, theft, capture, 

recovery by s~lv~ge, or unauthorised viewinr, cryptographic 

m:iterial has become EW'lil:ible to unauthorised persons, 

Cryptographic conprolll.se results when it ~ust be concluded 

that, by re~sons of crypt~nelytic method applied to available communications, unauthorised persons I'lc.~Y recover the 

plain text of messages sent in tho crypto system affected 

or in a relatGd system). 

.2.• CLASS. Designations assigned to cryptographic 

holder grouped accordingly to si1'1ilar1 ty of requirements. 

g. COMMUNICATION SECURITY. The protection resulting 

from all measures designed to deny to unauthorised persons 

information of value which might be derived from a study 

or communications. 

§.• CRYPTOCENTER. .dn osto.blis:hr.lent ?!lF\int~nancP f0r 

the cncryptin~ anl 1ecrypting of messaees. 

f. CRYPl'OGRAPHIC ~ERIAL. All crypto~r~ph1c equipment, instructions, and keyin~ rnctcrials usod in the 

encryption and decryption or classified co~nunic~tions. 

Ii• CRYPTO SYSTEM. The associated items or crypt.ographic material which are used ns a unit and whiah provide 

a single me:i.ns of encryption and decryption of communications. 

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h. CRYPTO SECURITY. - Th~t component of comnun1cat1on 

security which results from the provision of technically 

sound crypto systems and their proper use. 

!· CRYPro SECURITY OFFICER. The officer appointed 

by the cone.ander of a ho~dquarters or other equiv~lcnt 

authority to represent the command or other equivalent 

agency in Rll c~ters relating to crypto security and the 

physical security of cryptographic material. 

.J.• CUSTODI.,U\f. The officer who is chareed with tho 

'lctu:il custody, handling, and safegua.rdine of ree:istered 

docllI:lents issued and who is rosponsible to the Co:r.nnanding 

Officer or other equiv~lent authority therefor. 

~~ E:fl.IBRGENCY DESTRUCTION, The burning or destruction 

to such ~n extent as to rende~ unrecognizable and unusable 

or cryptographic m3terial when its capture is threat~ned, 

to prevent its being of value to unauthorised persons. 

1. LITERAL TEXT. The verbatim plain-text transcription of encrypted text. 

!!!• LON"G TITLE. The descriptive name assigned to 

a document or device by the prep~rinc arency. 

B• Pn.R/1-PHRASE. To change the phrRseology of a 

messnce without chnngin£ its menn1ng. 

.Q. PHYSICAL SECURITY. That component of ~ommunicPtion security which results from ~11 me~sures necess~ry 

to safecu~rd classified communication equip~ont and matorial 

from accos~ thereto by unauthorised persons. 

1?.• REGISTERED M.'.i.TTER. J.'JJ::T cl£Lssiflorl ~tter t,_ken 

on re~istarod ch~rge, and periodically accounted for. 

S• REGISTER NUMBER. A number ~ssigned to reeistered 

mo.tter for accounting purposes. 

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.£• ROUTINE DESTRUCTIOI'I. Tho burnin~ or otherwise 

rendorinf useless of obsoleta or surplus cryptogrnphic 

Material, ns ordered by the office of issue. 

A• SHORT TITLE. a short, identifyin~ combinntion 

of letters and/or nUI'lbers ~ssiened to a document or device 

for purposes of brevity and/or security. 

,:t. TR"i.NSMISSION SECURIT_X. That component of communication security which results from Rll measures desiened 

to protect trans~issions from interception ~nd/or traffic 

analysis. 

4-. ALLOCATION, PREPi\Ris.TION, DISTRIBUTION. 

~· Allocntion of cryptorraphic material will be 

determined by tho Standing Group (Communic~tions Electronics 

Coordinatinr, Section) on the basis of requirements. To 

this end, holders of consum~ble m~terial such ns books 

of settinGs ~ust notify the Stnndin.r Group (Co:r.mrunicntions 

Electronics Coordin~ting Section) as ouch in advance as 

possible whon replacements are required. 

~. The printine, revroducti~n 'Uld storace of cryptographic mnterinl by the acency responsible for its prep~ration will be performed in 3. m.«t.nner which will snfcguard 

the security of the information involved. ProVJ.SJ.On 

will be made for the proper safoguP.rdine and destruction 

of notes, m~nuscripts, type, plates, stencils, neratives 

and waste 1n a manner coI!II:lensur~te with the classification 

of the material being prepared. 

S• Eaoh item of cryptorrnphic materi~l will show 

its clcssification, short title, and reeister number. 

\lhenever possible, the lone title, the office of oriein, 

effective date, duration of effectiveness !llld instructions 

for accountinr. and ultimate disposal will be shown on the 

item. (When this is not possible this information will be 

published separately.) 

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g. Distribution or cryptographic m~teri~l to using 

org"lllisation will be as direct as possible consistent 

Wit~ efficient and secure transMission of the 11Uterial. 

~· Cryptogr~phic material will be securely packed 

for transmission, whenever prncticnble, in a double 

wrRpping, with nn indic~tion of the contents or their 

class1fic~tion on the outsi~e l'1l"~pper. P~ckares containing 

cryptographic material will be covered by a receipt system 

during trans~ission. 

!· Transmission of cryptographic matoriAl will be 

by couriers orricinllv dosirna.ten ns such by competent 

~uthority, or by other ~pproved menns. When other approved 

means are used it is the responsibility of the distributing 

atency to assure itself that the me~ns so utilized are 

wholly undar the control of the nat1on(s) si(.natory to 

the North ~tlantic Treaty concerned and the materi~l is 

at no time subJect to inspection or censorship. 

{1) If possible, persons officially desienated 

as couriers will not be assirned other duties durin{' 

a courier trip and will deliver the cryptographic 

m~terial before nssuminG any other duties. They 

will be instructed by the transI".11tt1nr; nrency in the 

proper cethod or destroyin{ the materi~l in an emergency. The transr11 ttinr.. arency I!lust be satisfied 

that the courier realises the necessity for the constant safeguarding of the ~aterial entrusted to him. 

(2) Cryptogr~phia machin~s (unless s~ecifically 

exceptea by the Stnndin~ Group (Col'mlunications Electronios Coordinatin& Socti~n)) will be transmitted only 

in the custody of an officially desienated eourier 

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irrespective of the type of transportation used and 

will also be handled 1n accordnnce with special instructions applicable to the particular equipcont, oxcept 

that whon cryptoJ,,raphic machines a.re bein& shipped 

overseas they nay be un~cconpanied by ~ courier provided 

that: 

(1) They ~re shipped in a naval vessel of 

one of the nations sicnatory to the North 4tlantic 

Treaty, on chnree to the Captain. 

(b) They are shipped in a merchant vessel of 

one of the nations signatory to the Horth Atlantic 

Tre~ty, in charee or the Captain (who must have 

security clearance from the Shippinf Government) and 

in locked stowage, an~ 

(c) They ~e delivered in either event to 

the Captain by ~n officially desienated courier 

and ~re c~llected from him by ~n officinlly ~esi~n~ted 

courier at the port where they nre la.nderl. 

£• The distribution of cryptocraphic material will ~ 

be so arranged that each local distributine a~ency will 

have one or nore reserve editions of each system available at all times. These reserve editions may be the 

next refular editions, received in ndvance, or nay ~e 

spRre editions permanently kept in reserve and placed 

in effect only upon proper notification. 

h· \Jhen registered cryptosraphic material is 

transferred from one service or afoncy to annthcr, the 

material will be incorporated in the accountin~ system 

of the receivinf service or ar,ency, will be handled and 

safebuarded in accordance with the security measures 

of the receiving service or ar.ency nnd with these 

reculations. The classification of crypto£raphio 

material will not be changed 0 without the approval of 

the oricinat1n[ authority. 

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r;. ACCOUNTING. 

~· By the Standing Group (Communications Electronics 

Coordinating Section). 

(1) The Standing Group (Communications Electronics Coordinating Section) will maintain a central record of all 

registered cryptographic material allocated in aceordance 

with paragraph 4 ~' above. 

(2) To ttis end North Atlantic Treaty nations will 

render to the Standing Group (Communications Electronias 

Coordinating Section) on 1 January and 1 July of each year 

certificates showing slJort titles and register numbers of: 

(d) All registered cryptographic equipment still 

held and the command or agency by Which it is held. 

(b) All registered consumable cryptographic equipment (e.g. books of settings) destroyed during the past 

six mont't.s. 

(c) All other registered cryptograpLic equipment 

destroyed (e.g. in an emergency) during tre past six 

months • 

• 

B· BY North,Ltlantic Treaty Organization Nations. 

(1) In each command or other equivalent agency holding registered cryptographiG material the coD'JJl'lander or 

other equivalent auttority will appoint ~n officer to be 

the •ustodian of cryptographic material. The custodian 

will be responsible for the proper safeguarding of, and 

aoeounting for all registered c~yptographic material. 

(2) Registered cryptogr~phic :material will not be 

considered as ord1Ik..ry property but will be accounted for 

in a manner which will ensure that the material is being 

securely Landled, stored and safeguarded at all times. 

T'ne accounting system will provide for the maintenance ~f 

a complete record of each iteI:l of cryptographic material 

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by requiring the follo~ing: 

(a) Notification of initial receipt of each item. 

(b) Reports of inventory checks at least once 

every six months, and invariably on transfer to the 

charge of another Commanding Officer or other equivalent authority and/or custodian. 

(c) Reports of transfer between individual custodians or organizations. 

(d) Reports of destruction (routine and emergenoy) 

Provided that these basic requirements are established, tt.e accounting processes will be as prescribed by the individual services or 

other equivalent agencies. 

6. STORAGE. 

~· Registered crypto&raphic mat~rial will be stored in 

three combination sefes or their equivalent.* Otrerwise tte 

material must be kept constantly under armed guard. Tre 

storage space containing registered crfptograp~ic materl111 

will be kept locked when not undar tt.e supervision of authorized personnel. 

£. As far as practicable, keying materials will not be 

stored in the samd safe ~s t~e instructions or devices to which 

they apply. This r~striction does not apply to ~ veult used 

exclusively for tr~ storage of re~istered cryptograpric 

materi.ils • 

.£• wtere, owing to its size a cypher m'l.chinc cannot be I 

stored in a safe when not in use, the basic or unch~nging 

element (see pRragrapt. 1 £ (1) above) must be locked up or 

covered over and safeguarded against inspection by un~uthorized 

persons. 

g. Eech command or other equivalent agency will maint~in 

current records showing tre short title, register numb~rs and 

d~ tes of storage or withdr::twal of all register1;.d cryptograp:t.ic 

material in stora&e or removed from storage by use or issue. 

R-EIS'fHIO'i'ElD * As defined in the Bf'sic Security Agreement for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 

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7. DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF @MMA,NDERS OR OTHER 

EQUIVALENT AUTHORITY AND CUSTODIANS. 

~· In each command or other equivalent agency holding 

cryptographic mterial, the commander or other equivalent 

authority will be responsible for all measures necessary to 

ensure crypto security and physical security of cryptograpl.ic 

material. The commander or other equivalent Luthority will, 

in accordance with the regulations of the several services or 

other equivalent agencies, appoint an officer to supervise 

cryptographic operations. This officer is called the 11 crypto 

security officer" and may also be appointed 3.S custodian of 

oryptographic material. 

!!· All personnel engaged in cryptographic activities must 

be conscious of the need for, and cognizant of, the means of 

achievinz maximum communication security. Continuous ~nd 

effective security is possible only if each individual makes 

a determined effort to maintain the highest standards of procedure and operating techniques. 

8. SECURITY OF INSTALLATION. 

~· To provide maximum security the following will be 

observed in all installations: 

(1) The crypto center will be establisl.ed in a secure 

portion of the co:r.imand or other equivalent agency, and not 

in ~n isolated location. 

(2) If practicable tl'le crypto center will be sound 

proof. 

(3) If practic1ble fireproof safes and cabinets will 

be used. 

(4) Windows will be non-transp~rent unless they dre 

protected by shutters, blinds, louvres, or blackout curtains. 

(5) At no time will unauthorized persons be permitted 

access to or an opportunity to view the cryptographia 

material in the crypto center. 

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(6) Normally tho crypto center will be locked ~t 

all times. 

,e. The following will be observod 'lt .111 shore inst.tllations qnd ns far as possible op shipbo~rd installations. 

(1) Tt~o entrance will be constructed so that persons 

seeking admittance may be identified Without permitting 

access to, or ~view of, the interior of the crypto center. 

(2) A notice tho.t tbe crypto center is a restricted 

are~ will be displ~yed outside tta door but the no.ture of 

tr.a oper~tions within will not be indicated. 

(3) Ttic windows of the crypto center will nor~ally 

be b=irred :i.nd protected by wire n,esh to prevent papers 

blowing ""!."Way. 

9. QUALIFICATIONS OF PERSONNEL. 

~· Normally military personnel will b~ ~ssigned to perform 

cryptographic duties. Before such personnel ~re so assigned 

their loyalty, reliability and trustworthiness will be ccnfirmed by the commanding officer or other ~pproprinte authority. 

~. Civilian personnel may be selected to perform cryptographic duties. Before being so assigned they will be investigated in order to est~blish their trustwort~iness, integrity, 

and loyalty. 

£• No person will be assigned to cryptobr~phic duties by 

any of the severnl services or other equivilcnt ~gencies if 

such individual is not a citizen or subject of the nation concerned, or a citizen or subJect of o. nation wtich is a signatory 

of the North Atl~ntic Treaty. 

~. No person will be permitted to use cryptographic 

material unless he h~s been earefully instructed and thoroughly 

tested for efficiency in the procedure pertinent to the particul ~r m~terial. 

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~· 5hould any person assigned to perform cryptogr~phic 

duti~s be subsequently found to be unreliable, untrustworthy 

or disloyal, he should be immediately removed froa such duties 

and the fact reported as grounds for suspecting compromise 

(see paragr~ph 10 below). 

10. J.U!;POhTS OF CON.Pl10MIS& 

a• The loss of suspect~d compronise of ~ny crypto~raphic 

materi~l, device or public~tion will be reported by the most 

expeditious means at h~nd to the The1t~r (Dep~rt~ent, Force, 

Independent Co:cnnand) Cofi11?1ander or other equiv~lent authority 

and the Service Heo.d or other oquiv~lent outhority concerned 

who will inform the Standing Group (Communications Electronics 

Coordinating Section). The Theater (Dapnrtnent, Force, Independent Command) 0or.m.~nder or other equivalent ~uthority m~y 

order discontinuRnce of the use of the compromise-suspectLa 

materiql, device or public~tion within his own cor.m.~nd or other 

equiv~lont agency pending action by the Standing G~oup (Commun1cnt1ons .&lectronics Coordin.~tine Jection). 

~- .-Jhen the circumst~ncos of ~ cor1pr01!1iso warrant such 

nction proper A.Utho-ri ty will direct e~ch cor'JN:"J.nder or other 

cquiv~lent authority to r~view ~11 ~~ss~tGS encrypted ~t his 

hc~dquarters o~ other equiv~lcnt ~gcncy in the conpro~i~Ld 

system, t~ke such ~ction ~s he doer.is nec~ssnry nnd report to 

the next higher he~dqu~rters or oth~r aquiv~l&nt ~gency ~ 

coopromise of inforM~tion involving n~Jor op~r~tions, str~tegic 

intelligence or significnnt ~ilit~ry pl~ns. 

£. In all cases of coripron1s.: t thorough invr::stig"::?.tion 

will be m~de into the circumst~nces. The report of this 

1nvest1g~tion will be forwnrdod to the Servic0 He~d or other 

cquivnlent authority concerned, who will infol"I.1 the ~t~ndinf 

Group (Com~unicntions Electronics 0oordinat1ng &ection). 

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11. ROUTIN!!: .AN'D ~f.&lGENCY O.t!:ST.aUCTION. 

~· ~outine Destruction. 

(1) Prior to destroyinf any cryptographic ~~teri~l, 

each item will be thorou~hly chock~d to 

ascertain th.lit only the material which should be 

destroyed is included. 

(2) Cryptographic docucents will be destroyPd by 

being burnt by RUthorizcd personnel or effectively 

pulpPd under ~uthorized supGrvision whon directed. 

~. Precaution.q,ry Destruction. 

Precautionary destructjon to reduce the prob~bility of 

capture or other physic'il conpro1"1ise, t'lay be undertg,ken by a 

local commander or other equivalent authority upon his own 

initi~tive or upon instructions received from higher authority. 

Buch destruction will nornally not include current or first 

reserve systems and will bG accooplished as f~r ~s possible in 

adv'l.Ilce of ~n anticipnted emergency. 

£• Er;.ergency Destruction. 

(1) A plan will be adopted to ensure effective 

destruction of cryptofr~phic M1tcriil under 

I 

energency conditions. The specific steps t~ken 

will depend in e~ch inst~nce upon the conditions 

prcv~iling in tho particul~r nre~ nnd the likelihood of C'ipture or loss. 

(~) The plfl.n will provid~ for sufficient officer and other personnel, including 

alternates, to c~rry out the expeditious 

destruction of cryptographic oaterial at 

:any time. 

(b) The plan will 'l.ssign responsibilities by 

watches or duties r~ther than by nane. 

(c) Fraquent drills will be hold to test the 

plan. 

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(2) The following is the priority in which encrgency 

destruction of cryptocr~phic n~terinl should be 

carried out:-

(~) Rotors, cipher key lists 

(b) Ci?her m~chines ~nd ~ssoci~ted ~~teri~l 

( c) Oth~r cryptogr1.J.ph1c r 1 'lt£'riel. 

(3) Cryptogr~phic m~teri~l which is of hifhcst priority 

on the destruction list should b~ m~rked or stored 

in a clearly distinctive m~nner to ensure 

expeditious destruction. 

12. TRANSMISSION S.&CUHITY. 

~· The regulations governing transmission of coill1Ilunication via electric~l me~ns are contained in other public~tions. 

~. Classified messnges will not be trqnsmitted in pl~in 

langu~ge by electrical ~e~ns except over circuits approved by 

the Standing Group (Co~.riunications Electronics Coordi~tion 

Section) for the classific~tion(s) concerned or in emergencies 

under procedures established by the individual services or other 

equivalent authorities. 

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