{"id":520185,"date":"2023-09-25T14:04:37","date_gmt":"2023-09-25T18:04:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?p=520185"},"modified":"2023-09-27T14:12:09","modified_gmt":"2023-09-27T18:12:09","slug":"nasa-spectrum-usage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/somd\/space-communications-navigation-program\/nasa-spectrum-usage\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA Spectrum Usage"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"881\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Near Space Network antennas at the White Sands Complex in Las Cruces, New Mexico.\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg 3293w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=300,129 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=768,330 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=1024,441 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=1536,661 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=2048,881 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=400,172 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=600,258 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=900,387 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=1200,516 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/white-sands-06-2.jpg?resize=2000,861 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Near Space Network antennas at the White Sands Complex in Las Cruces, New Mexico.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Below 20 GHz<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>| 1215 MHz \u2013 4400 MHz<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1215-1300 MHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) \u2013 Active<br><strong>1370-1427 MHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) \u2013 Passive<br><strong>1435-1535 MHz<\/strong> Aeronautics Telemetry<br><strong>1750-1850 MHz <\/strong>Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Earth-to-Space Region 2<br><strong>2025-2110 MHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) \u2013 Earth-to-Space, Space-to-Space<br><strong>2110-2120 MHz <\/strong>Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Deep Space<br><strong>2200-2290 MHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Deep Space<br><strong>2290-2300 MHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Deep Space<br><strong>2360-2385 MHz<\/strong> Aeronautics Telemetry<br><strong>2690-2700 MHz<\/strong> Earth Exploration Satellite (EES)\/Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Passive<br><strong>3100-3300 MHz<\/strong> Earth Exploration Satellite (EES)\/Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Active<br><strong>4200-4400 MHz<\/strong> Earth Exploration Satellite (EES)\/Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Passive<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">| <strong>4950 MHz \u2013 9800 MHz<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4950-5000 MHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Passive<br><strong>5250-5570 MHz<\/strong> Earth Exploration Satellite (EES)\/Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Active<br><strong>5650-5725 MHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Deep Space<br><strong>6425-7145 MHz<\/strong> Earth Exploration Satellite (EES)\/Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Passive<br><strong>7145-7235 MHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Earth-to-Space<br><strong>8025-8400 MHz<\/strong> Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) \u2013 Space-to-Earth<br><strong>8400-8500 MHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Space-to-Earth<br><strong>8550-8650 MHz<\/strong> Earth Exploration Satellite (EES)\/Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Active<br><strong>9500-9800 MHz<\/strong> Earth Exploration Satellite (EES)\/Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Active<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>| 10.6 GHz \u2013 20 GHz<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>10.6-10.7 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) \u2013 Passive<br><strong>12.75-13.25 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Space-to-Earth, Deep Space<br><strong>13.25-13.4 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) \u2013 Active<br><strong>13.4-14.3 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) Forward at 13.775<br><strong>14.5-15.2 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) Return at 15.0034<br><strong>15.2-15.4 GHz<\/strong> EES\/Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Passive<br><strong>16.6-17.1 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Earth-to-Space, Deep Space<br><strong>17.2-17.3 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) \u2013 Active<br><strong>18.6-18.8 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) \u2013 Passive<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Between 20 GHz and 100 GHz<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">| <strong>20 GHz \u2013 40 GHz<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>21.2-21.4 GHz<\/strong> Passive<br><strong>22.21-22.5 GHz<\/strong> Passive<br><strong>22.55-23.55 GHz<\/strong> Tracking Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) Forward<br><strong>23.6-24 GHz <\/strong>Passive<br><strong>25.25-27.5 GHz<\/strong> Tracking Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) Return<br><strong>25.5-27 GHz <\/strong>Earth Exploration Satellite (EES)<br><strong>31.3-31.8 GHz<\/strong> Passive<br><strong>31.8-32.3 GHz<\/strong> Deep Space<br><strong>34.2-34.7 GHz<\/strong> Deep Space<br><strong>35.5-36.0 GHz <\/strong>Active<br><strong>36.0-37.0 GHz<\/strong> Passive<br><strong>37.0-38.0 GHz<\/strong> Lunar Martian<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">| <strong>40 GHz \u2013 100 GHz<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>40.0-40.5 GHz<\/strong> Lunar Martian<br><strong>42.5-43.5 GHz<\/strong> Radio Astronomy<br><strong>50.2-50.4 GHz<\/strong> Passive<br><strong>52.6-59.3 GHz<\/strong> Passive GHz<br><strong>65.0-66.0 GHz<\/strong> Earth Exploration Satellite (EES)\/Space Research Services (SRS)<br><strong>74.0-84.0 GHz<\/strong> Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI)<br><strong>86.0-92.0 GHz<\/strong> Passive<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Above 100 GHz<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">| <strong>100 GHz \u2013 350 GHz<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>100.0-102.0 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>105-116 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>116-122.25 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>133.5-134.0 GHz<\/strong> Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Active<br><strong>148.5-151.5 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>155.5-158.5 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>164.0-167.0 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>174.8-191.8 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>200.0-209.0 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>217.0-226.0 GHz<\/strong> Radio Astronomy (Space Research Passive)<br><strong>222.6-231.5 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>235.0-237.9 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>237.9-238.0 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Active, Passive<br><strong>250.0-252.0 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>275.0-277.0 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>294.0-306.0 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>316.0-334.0 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>342.0-349.0 GHz<\/strong> Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">| <strong>350 GHz \u2013 1000 GHz<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>363.0-365.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>371.0-389.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>416.0-434.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>442.0-444.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>496.0-506.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>546.0-568.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>624.0-629.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>634.0-654.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>659.0-661.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>684.0-692.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>730.0-732.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>851.0-853.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<br><strong>951.0-956.0 GHz<\/strong>\u00a0Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) – Passive<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Research<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA’s requirements for access to the radio frequency spectrum began with the formation of the agency in 1958 and have evolved and grown over the decades to include a wide array of programs and applications. Virtually every endeavor by the agency requires communications or data transfer via the radio spectrum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today and in the coming years, NASA will implement programs to achieve missions encompassing space exploration, scientific research, and technology development. These initiatives are taken in response to National Policy directives as well as Congressional legislation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/earth_fleet_colorkey_webupdate_070717_0.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"985\" height=\"739\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/earth_fleet_colorkey_webupdate_070717_0.jpeg?w=985\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Earth Mission Fleet Chart\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/earth_fleet_colorkey_webupdate_070717_0.jpeg 985w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/earth_fleet_colorkey_webupdate_070717_0.jpeg?resize=300,225 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/earth_fleet_colorkey_webupdate_070717_0.jpeg?resize=768,576 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/earth_fleet_colorkey_webupdate_070717_0.jpeg?resize=400,300 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/earth_fleet_colorkey_webupdate_070717_0.jpeg?resize=600,450 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/earth_fleet_colorkey_webupdate_070717_0.jpeg?resize=900,675 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">EARTH SCIENCE<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Earth Science research at NASA has turned space-based observing technology and scientific expertise to the study of our home planet. Planet Earth is an integrated system of land, ocean, atmosphere, ice, and biological processes. From the vantage point of space, we are beginning to understand how these processes work and how they interact.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In order to support the intermediate and long term goals of understanding the Earth, NASA has developed numerous radio sensors designed to fly onboard spacecraft. These sensors may be\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/heo\/scan\/communications\/outreach\/funfacts\/txt_passive_active.html\">passive<\/a>\u00a0or\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/heo\/scan\/communications\/outreach\/funfacts\/txt_passive_active.html\">active<\/a>\u00a0in operation. They allow global “pictures” to be taken of the Earth on a daily basis in a wide range of frequencies. Passive sensors emit no energy; instead, they measure the natural emissions of the Earth’s various features and its atmosphere at specific frequencies in order to provide a description of the earth’s environment. Active sensors are spaceborne radars that provide information on the geological structure of the Earth and the state of and movement of Earth’s oceans. The data collected by these sensors is transmitted by radio links to facilities on earth, either directly or through relay satellites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SPACE SCIENCE<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA’s Space Science missions are intended to examine the mysteries of the universe from origins to destiny, to explore the solar system, to discover planets around other stars, to search for life beyond Earth and to chart the evolution of the universe and understand its galaxies, stars, planets\u00a0and life.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Space science missions require highly reliable communications, often over long periods of time and great distances. The large distances involved in deep-space research result in a need for high power transmitters and very sensitive receivers at Earth stations that communicate with the spacecraft, factors which must be taken into account in spectrum planning efforts. Because many deep-space missions continue for periods of several years, and because there are usually several missions in progress at the same time, there is a corresponding need for communication with several spacecraft at any given time. Coverage of simultaneous missions requires nearly continuous usage of radio frequency bands allocated for space research communication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">AERONAUTICS<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The focus of this program is to pioneer the identification, development, verification, transfer, application\u00a0and commercialization of high-payoff aeronautics and space transportation technologies. NASA requires access to the radio spectrum in order to conduct test and development phases of new technology endeavors in aeronautics and space transportation. In many cases, new technological design test-rigs and\/or prototypes undergo their various test and validation phases using conventional spectrum allocations for mobile or point-to-point operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For links between in-flight aerospace vehicles and ground systems, NASA requires access to aeronautical telemetry frequency allocations. Currently the radio frequency spectrum is used to provide real time data information from test vehicles to the ground, real time video of cockpit or project information, and real time command and control of the vehicle, including flight termination. Telemetry is used for the real time monitoring of flight research\/test parameters that are necessary in order to minimize the risk to the pilot and aircraft during the performance of maneuvers intended to push the flight envelope of flight test vehicles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">SPACE EXPLORATION<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA seeks to open the space frontier through exploration with the goal of enabling the development of space and expanding the human experience into the far reaches of the solar system. In exploring space, NASA has brought together a wide range of technologies, machines and people in the development of such programs as the Space Transportation System (STS) commonly known as the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission_pages\/shuttle\/main\/index.html\">Space Shuttle<\/a>, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/mission_pages\/station\/main\/\">International Space Station<\/a> and the various Mars rovers. These programs require extremely complex radio systems, which are critical to their operation and currently include frequencies from about 100 MHz up to more than 30 GHz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Below 20 GHz | 1215 MHz \u2013 4400 MHz 1215-1300 MHz Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) \u2013 Active1370-1427 MHz Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) \u2013 Passive1435-1535 MHz Aeronautics Telemetry1750-1850 MHz Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Earth-to-Space Region 22025-2110 MHz Space Research Services (SRS)\/Earth Exploration Satellite (EES) \u2013 Earth-to-Space, Space-to-Space2110-2120 MHz Space Research Services (SRS) \u2013 Deep Space2200-2290 [...]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":423,"featured_media":526446,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"297758","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[3315],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[],"coauthors":[12277],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"NASA Spectrum 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