{"id":284202,"date":"2022-12-19T22:26:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-20T03:26:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?migration=converted-node-484721"},"modified":"2023-12-22T10:23:10","modified_gmt":"2023-12-22T15:23:10","slug":"nasa-sets-table-for-safe-air-taxi-flights-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/armstrong\/nasa-sets-table-for-safe-air-taxi-flights-2\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA Sets Table for Safe Air Taxi Flights"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro\"><div class=\"width-full maxw-full article-header\"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full\"><p class=\"label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0\">4 min read<\/p><h1 class=\"display-48 margin-bottom-2\">NASA Sets Table for Safe Air Taxi Flights<\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><em>Editor’s Note:<\/em> Edited to reflect published technical paper link.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1450\" height=\"816\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg?w=1450\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Concept art for advanced air mobility vehicle.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg 1450w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1450px) 100vw, 1450px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">An electric vertical take-off and landing vehicle flies in a designated lane along a regional route in this render of potential Advanced Air Mobility operations. NASA virtual tabletop discussions allow researchers and industry to conduct proactive problem-solving in areas like aircraft navigation, flexibility, and flight paths, which are necessary for these operations to safely integrate into the national airspace.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/Kyle Jenkins<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Tabletop exercises allow researchers to explore options and test scenarios in fields from military strategy and cybersecurity to disaster response planning. Now, NASA is using tabletop exercises to test how electric air taxis will fit safely into the national airspace \u2013 allowing passengers to one day hop across town or to a neighboring city by using new highways in the sky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To successfully map out this new air transportation system, NASA partnered with industry, academia, and other government agencies in a series of 10 tabletop exercises led by the agency\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aam\">Advanced Air Mobility<\/a> (AAM) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aamnationalcampaign\/\">National Campaign<\/a> team. Conducted throughout 2022, these expert-led discussions examined potentially unforeseen technical, operational, and regulatory gaps and defined the best use of combined resources to address them. NASA\u2019s AAM mission envisions a revolutionary new air transportation system, and the National Campaign team leads research on the autonomy, infrastructure, and airspace planning that will allow an AAM ecosystem to materialize.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cTo test the AAM ecosystem functionally, we can only do bits and pieces at a time right now,\u201d said National Campaign flight engineer Brad Snelling, who leads the project\u2019s tabletop activities. \u201cA big advantage of flight tabletops is we have the ability to think through a whole mission from a holistic standpoint and examine every piece that\u2019s required to make it work. The answers arising from these exercises are what will allow these revolutionary new forms of transportation to operate in the real world.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These tabletop exercises are unique, as they will bring together a vehicle developer, government researchers, and airspace service providers to address airspace automation concepts. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeroresearch\/advanced-air-mobility-national-campaign-partners\">Industry partners<\/a> participating in these discussions include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>One vehicle developer: Wisk Aero based in Hollister, California<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Five airspace service providers: Avision of Santa Monica, California; OneSky of Exton, Pennsylvania; SkyGrid of Austin, Texas; ANRA of Chantilly, Virginia; and Collins Aerospace of Charlotte, North Carolina<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Two Command and Control Communications Service Providers: AURA of McLean, Virginia, and Collins Aerospace of Charlotte, North Carolina<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Each tabletop exercise takes place on a video call and includes a realistic set of initial conditions for a flight plan. NASA subject matter experts, a vehicle developer, and additional partners who provide services such as airspace management and flight communications are each assigned roles in all parts of future AAM operations. These include the vehicle itself, vertiports, flight paths, air traffic control, weather, detect and avoid scenarios, and radio communication.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The scripted simulated flight scenario then proceeds, with live variables scattered throughout, prompting participants to find the best paths forward while gathering lessons learned \u2013 addressing issues years before pilots, passengers, or cargo are involved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-fit \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_tabletop.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1430\" height=\"624\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_tabletop.png?w=1430\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Microsoft Teams screenshot of chart data.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_tabletop.png 1430w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_tabletop.png?resize=300,131 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_tabletop.png?resize=768,335 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_tabletop.png?resize=1024,447 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_tabletop.png?resize=400,175 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_tabletop.png?resize=600,262 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_tabletop.png?resize=900,393 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_tabletop.png?resize=1200,524 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1430px) 100vw, 1430px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">A team composed of NASA\u2019s National Campaign researchers and representatives from various industry partners participate in a recorded virtual tabletop discussion on Thursday, October 20, 2022. The slide pictured prompts the various actors to read and react to aspects of a hypothetical flight to gather data and develop alternative paths forward when necessary for use in airspace planning.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>The NASA team worked with Wisk Aero, the primary partner in this activity, to develop the tabletops\u2019 various \u201cuser stories\u201d based on a concept of AAM operations made public by Wisk. From March to May 2022, the first set of discussions focused on expectations of a real-world commercial operation and varying levels of AAM complexity such as effective radio communication for navigation, landing space available at vertiports, or avoiding buildings, trees and other aircraft in flight. The next phase developed detailed scenarios for flight tabletop exercises conducted from August-October 2022.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>“We are proud to be the primary partner for NASA\u2019s AAM airspace tabletop exercises, which provide a unique opportunity for collaboration among industry partners in the National Campaign,\u201d said Sonal Baid, senior product manager for Airspace Integration at Wisk. \u201cFor Wisk, this effort has allowed us to validate and refine our existing Concept of Operations to help reach the proposed midterm state as a steppingstone, while also working to define progressive AAM maturity levels. These tabletop exercises are laying the foundation that is necessary for long-term success in the AAM ecosystem.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>National Campaign <a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/citations\/20230000620\" rel=\"noopener\">released a public report<\/a> of lessons learned from these tabletop meetings in early 2023, assisting the AAM industry in proactively addressing issues and begin operations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The tabletop series is one part of a broad collection of National Campaign research activities with partners currently working on AAM vehicles, automation software, and future airspace planning. NASA will share the obtained data with the partners as well as the FAA and use it to inform community considerations and standards development for the future of the aviation industry.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA\u2019s AAM mission\u2019s National Campaign team leads foundational research efforts to learn more about aircraft performance, automation, infrastructure, and airspace integration. By executing this critical leadership in the developing AAM sector, the National Campaign reinforces NASA\u2019s commitment to transforming aviation by reducing its environmental impact, while maintaining safety.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 nasa_template_article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details\">\n<section class=\"padding-x-0 padding-top-5 padding-bottom-2 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-2 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Share<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"social-icons social-icons-round\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li 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2.5zm.02 4.5h-5v16h5v-16zm7.982 0h-4.968v16h4.969v-8.399c0-4.67 6.029-5.052 6.029 0v8.399h4.988v-10.131c0-7.88-8.922-7.593-11.018-3.714v-2.155z\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-rss\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/feed\/\" aria-label=\"Subscribe to RSS feed.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 800 800\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M493 652H392c0-134-111-244-244-244V307c189 0 345 156 345 345zm71 0c0-228-188-416-416-416V132c285 0 520 235 520 520z\"\/><circle cx=\"219\" cy=\"581\" r=\"71\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Details<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading\">Last Updated<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8\">Dec 22, 2023<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\"><div class=\"grid-col-4\"><div class=\"subheading\">Editor<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-col-8\">Dede Dinius<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\"><div class=\"grid-col-4\"><div class=\"subheading\">Contact<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-col-8\"><div class=\"margin-bottom-3\"><div>Laura Mitchell<\/div><div><a href=\"mailto:laura.a.mitchell@nasa.gov\">laura.a.mitchell@nasa.gov<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\"><div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black \"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2\"><h2 class=\"heading-14\">Related Terms<\/h2><\/div><ul class=\"article-tags\"><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/armstrong\/\">Armstrong Flight Research Center<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nasa.gov\/mission\/aam\" rel=\"noopener\">Advanced Air Mobility<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/\">Aeronautics<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics-research-mission-directorate\/\">Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/ames\/\">Ames Research Center<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/drones-and-you\/\">Drones & You<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/green-aero-tech\/\">Green Aviation Tech<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/computing\/\">High-Tech Computing<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/manufacturing-and-materials\/\">Manufacturing, Materials, 3-D Printing<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/tech-transfer-spinoffs\/home-and-city\/\">NASA Home & City<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/small-business-innovation-research-sbir-small-business-technology-transfer-sttr\/\">Small Business Innovation Research \/ Small Business<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/\">Technology<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/\">Technology Research<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-articles\">\t\t<section class=\"hds-related-articles padding-x-0 padding-y-3 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"w-100 grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0 text-align-left\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\"><h2 style=\"max-width: 100%;\" class=\"width-full w-full maxw-full\">Explore More<\/h2><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/armd-solicitations\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"161\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?w=300\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=300,161 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=768,411 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=1024,548 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=1536,823 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=400,214 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=600,321 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=900,482 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/explore-flight-HI-RES-no-meatball.jpg?resize=1200,643 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">7 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">ARMD Solicitations<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 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href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/ames\/nasa-research-park-public-documents\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/default-thumbnail.jpg\" ><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">3 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">NASA Research Park Public Documents<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t2 days ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/general\/researchers-develop-founding-document-on-synthetic-cell-development\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/19728525494-4e20319b8c-c.jpg?w=300\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/19728525494-4e20319b8c-c.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/19728525494-4e20319b8c-c.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/19728525494-4e20319b8c-c.jpg?resize=768,511 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/19728525494-4e20319b8c-c.jpg?resize=1024,682 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/19728525494-4e20319b8c-c.jpg?resize=1536,1022 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/19728525494-4e20319b8c-c.jpg?resize=400,266 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/19728525494-4e20319b8c-c.jpg?resize=600,399 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/19728525494-4e20319b8c-c.jpg?resize=900,599 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/19728525494-4e20319b8c-c.jpg?resize=1200,799 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/19728525494-4e20319b8c-c.jpg?resize=2000,1331 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">3 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">Researchers Develop \u2018Founding Document\u2019 on Synthetic Cell Development<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t2 days ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-social-media hds-social-media--horizontal grid-container grid-container-block nasa-gb-align- width-full maxw-full margin-y-0 padding-y-5 padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-0 font-weight-bold hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-social-media-links\">\t\t<div 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href=\"https:\/\/linkedin.com\/company\/NASA\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASA on linkedin\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASA<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover Related Topics<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/armstrong\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Armstrong Flight Research Center<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1229\" height=\"1536\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/afrc2018-0020-06_eclipse_composite_cropped-1.jpg?w=1229\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/afrc2018-0020-06_eclipse_composite_cropped-1.jpg 4274w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/afrc2018-0020-06_eclipse_composite_cropped-1.jpg?resize=240,300 240w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/afrc2018-0020-06_eclipse_composite_cropped-1.jpg?resize=768,960 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/afrc2018-0020-06_eclipse_composite_cropped-1.jpg?resize=819,1024 819w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/02\/afrc2018-0020-06_eclipse_composite_cropped-1.jpg?resize=1229,1536 1229w, 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desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Armstrong Aeronautics Projects<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  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fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"610\" height=\"930\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/green-aero-tech-topic-card.jpg?w=610\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/green-aero-tech-topic-card.jpg 610w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/green-aero-tech-topic-card.jpg?resize=197,300 197w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/green-aero-tech-topic-card.jpg?resize=262,400 262w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/green-aero-tech-topic-card.jpg?resize=394,600 394w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/green-aero-tech-topic-card.jpg?resize=590,900 590w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 610px) 100vw, 610px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Editor’s Note: Edited to reflect published technical paper link. Tabletop exercises allow researchers to explore options and test scenarios in fields from military strategy and cybersecurity to disaster response planning. Now, NASA is using tabletop exercises to test how electric air taxis will fit safely into the national airspace \u2013 allowing passengers to one day [...]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":144,"featured_media":178413,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"54","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":["297660"],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"184320","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[2855,13118,2660,2874,2854,2826,2825,2832,2829,3261,3338,2661,2841],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[12898],"coauthors":[11666,11555],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"NASA Sets Table for Safe Air Taxi Flights","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/armstrong\/nasa-sets-table-for-safe-air-taxi-flights-2\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/armstrong\/nasa-sets-table-for-safe-air-taxi-flights-2\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg"},"articleSection":"NASA Centers & Facilities","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Laura Mitchell"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Beau Holder"}],"creator":["Laura Mitchell","Beau Holder"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["Science & Research","Technology Research","Armstrong Flight Research Center","Advanced Air Mobility","Aeronautics","Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate","Ames Research Center","Drones & You","Green Aviation Tech","High-Tech Computing","Manufacturing, Materials, 3-D Printing","NASA Home & City","Small Business Innovation Research \/ Small Business","Technology"],"dateCreated":"2022-12-20T03:26:00Z","datePublished":"2022-12-20T03:26:00Z","dateModified":"2023-12-22T15:23:10Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"NASA Sets Table for Safe Air Taxi Flights\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/centers-and-facilities\/armstrong\/nasa-sets-table-for-safe-air-taxi-flights-2\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"post\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2022-12-20T03:26:00Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"NASA Centers & Facilities\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"Science & Research,Technology Research,Armstrong Flight Research Center,Advanced Air Mobility,Aeronautics,Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate,Ames Research Center,Drones & You,Green Aviation Tech,High-Tech Computing,Manufacturing, Materials, 3-D Printing,NASA Home & City,Small Business Innovation Research \/ Small Business,Technology\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Laura Mitchell\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Beau Holder\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":4,"time_ago":"1 year","featured_image":{"id":178413,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/vtol_airtaxi_lane.jpg","title":"vtol_airtaxi_lane","alt":"","caption":"An electric vertical take-off and landing vehicle flies in a designated lane along a regional route in this render of potential Advanced Air Mobility operations. NASA virtual tabletop discussions allow researchers and industry to conduct proactive problem-solving in areas like aircraft navigation, flexibility, and flight paths, which are necessary for these operations to safely integrate into the national airspace."},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284202"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/144"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=284202"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284202\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":513468,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/284202\/revisions\/513468"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/178413"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=284202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=284202"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=284202"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=284202"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=284202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}