{"id":475504,"date":"2023-07-27T11:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-07-27T15:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?post_type=migration&p=475504"},"modified":"2023-08-17T15:25:13","modified_gmt":"2023-08-17T19:25:13","slug":"nasa-led-mission-to-map-air-pollution-in-3d-over-megacities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/science-in-the-air\/nasa-led-mission-to-map-air-pollution-in-3d-over-megacities\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA-led Mission to Map Air Pollution in 3D Over Megacities"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro\"><div class=\"width-full maxw-full article-header\"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full\"><p class=\"label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0\">6 min read<\/p><h1 class=\"display-48 margin-bottom-2\">NASA-led Mission to Map Air Pollution in 3D Over Megacities<\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1-ny_skyline.jpeg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"985\" height=\"668\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1-ny_skyline.jpeg?w=985\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"A cityscape crowded with towering skyscrapers stretches beneath blue-gray clouds at twilight.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1-ny_skyline.jpeg 985w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1-ny_skyline.jpeg?resize=300,203 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1-ny_skyline.jpeg?resize=768,521 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1-ny_skyline.jpeg?resize=400,271 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1-ny_skyline.jpeg?resize=600,407 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1-ny_skyline.jpeg?resize=900,610 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">The Empire State Building spears a cloudy sky above Manhattan. NASA and collaborators are tracking the air we breathe in unprecedented detail in New York City and other major urban centers this summer. <strong>Credits: NASA\/Emma Howells<\/strong><\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>This summer, as wildfire smoke blankets large swaths of North America and heat-stoked summer haze reaches its seasonal peak, NASA and its partners are deploying several new tools to observe air quality and pollution from the street to the stratosphere. \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Launched into orbit earlier this spring, <a href=\"https:\/\/tempo.si.edu\/\" rel=\"noopener\">TEMPO<\/a>, short for Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution, is the first satellite instrument that will measure air quality over North America hourly (during daylight hours) and at the resolution of a few square miles. Its field of view stretches from Mexico City to central Canada and from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific. NASA\u2019s newest atmospheric chemistry instrument will soon begin transmitting data for scientific use.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Meanwhile, some 22,000 miles below, a separate NASA mission will complement the new satellite measurements with air quality observations from the field. The summer 2023 campaign includes a fleet of aircraft, laboratories on wheels, weather balloons, and hundreds of scientists who have mobilized to track pollution in unprecedented detail. That mission, Synergistic TEMPO Air Quality Science (<a href=\"https:\/\/www-air.larc.nasa.gov\/missions\/staqs\/\" rel=\"noopener\">STAQS<\/a>), is examining the air we breathe in several North American population centers: New York City, Chicago, Los Angeles, and Toronto. The goal is to map air pollutants from the ground to the upper <a href=\"https:\/\/climate.nasa.gov\/news\/2919\/earths-atmosphere-a-multi-layered-cake\/\" rel=\"noopener\">troposphere<\/a>, track where they come from and how they change hour by hour, and identify neighborhoods disproportionately exposed to unhealthy air.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s the combination of satellite, airborne, and ground data that will help answer the fundamental question: what are we breathing?\u201d said Barry Lefer, head of the Tropospheric Composition Program at NASA headquarters in Washington. \u201cWe can map inequalities like never before.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Take Flight with NASA's STAQS Campaign\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Pxz5_8CiAwg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">NASA and NOAA\u2019s STAQS campaign is taking to the skies and ground this summer to support TEMPO satellite data. Scientists will compare the air quality data they measure from planes with what TEMPO measures from orbit, making both measurements better.<br><strong>Credits: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center \/ Kathleen Gaeta<\/strong><br><a href=\"https:\/\/svs.gsfc.nasa.gov\/14386\" rel=\"noopener\">Download this video in HD formats from NASA Goddard’s Scientific Visualization Studio<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>NASA and NOAA\u2019s STAQS campaign is taking to the skies and ground this summer to support TEMPO satellite data. Scientists will compare the air quality data they measure from planes with what TEMPO measures from orbit, making both measurements better.Credits: NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center \/ Kathleen Gaeta<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the key pollutants the STAQS team and TEMPO will monitor is nitrogen dioxide, or NO2, which is commonly emitted by tailpipes and smokestacks and a key ingredient in ground-level ozone, or smog. The missions will also measure fine particulate matter, volatile organic compounds like formaldehyde, and methane and carbon dioxide, which are potent greenhouse gases that trap heat in Earth\u2019s atmosphere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The STAQS team isn\u2019t operating alone. NOAA is leading the complementary AEROMMA field campaign to study air pollution this summer, one of several government and university-led efforts. With <a href=\"http:\/\/csl.noaa.gov\/projects\/ages\/\" rel=\"noopener\">c<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/csl.noaa.gov\/projects\/ages\/\" rel=\"noopener\">ollaborators<\/a> from more than 20 universities, several regional consortiums, state and local governments, plus NOAA, NASA, and other federal agencies, scientists are working together to \u201cbuild a coast-to-coast air quality community that\u2019s stronger than the sum of its parts,\u201d Lefer said.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2-nasa-aircraft.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2-nasa-aircraft.jpg?w=1600\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Two research planes are parked in a spacious aircraft hangar lined with cargo. Several people, a black pickup truck, and even a basketball hoop \u2013 for recreation during down time \u2013 are also visible.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2-nasa-aircraft.jpg 1600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2-nasa-aircraft.jpg?resize=300,225 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2-nasa-aircraft.jpg?resize=768,576 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2-nasa-aircraft.jpg?resize=1024,768 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2-nasa-aircraft.jpg?resize=1536,1152 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2-nasa-aircraft.jpg?resize=400,300 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2-nasa-aircraft.jpg?resize=600,450 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2-nasa-aircraft.jpg?resize=900,675 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/2-nasa-aircraft.jpg?resize=1200,900 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">NASA aircraft arrive at the hangar. The DC-8, left, which is the largest flying science laboratory in the world, and the Gulfstream-III, right, will cruise over multiple cities to collect data on air quality and urban emissions as part of the STAQS and AEROMMA missions.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/Jhony Zavaleta<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Air Quality is Better, but Not Everywhere<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Improved air quality is one of the great success stories of the past several decades, said Laura Judd, associate program manager for <a href=\"https:\/\/appliedsciences.nasa.gov\/what-we-do\/health-air-quality\" rel=\"noopener\">Health and Air Quality Applications<\/a> in NASA\u2019s Applied Sciences Program. Regulations have led to significant reductions in harmful NO2 emissions and have slashed sulfur dioxide \u2014 a driver of acid rain \u2014 so dramatically that the latter can be hard to detect using satellite instruments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cBut the challenge is that poor air quality issues are becoming more localized,\u201d Judd said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, in Chicago \u2014 a freight hub \u2014 the STAQS team will be monitoring ozone that pools along the Lake Michigan shoreline, as well as high levels of truck exhaust that impact neighborhoods surrounding large warehouses. Pinpointing such discrepancies is vital because when local air pollution levels exceed federal standards, the pollutants can aggravate lung diseases such as asthma, emphysema, and chronic bronchitis among people living and working in the area.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-ground-work.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"2048\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-ground-work.png?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-ground-work.png 3000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-ground-work.png?resize=225,300 225w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-ground-work.png?resize=768,1024 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-ground-work.png?resize=1152,1536 1152w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-ground-work.png?resize=1536,2048 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-ground-work.png?resize=300,400 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-ground-work.png?resize=450,600 450w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-ground-work.png?resize=675,900 675w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-ground-work.png?resize=900,1200 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/3-ground-work.png?resize=1500,2000 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Researcher Claudia Bernier walks a weather balloon out to an opening at the coastal Westport, Connecticut (CTDEEP\/EPA) site during the first STAQS research flight on July 26, 2023. The balloon payload has an ozone instrument that will provide vertical information during the balloon’s ascent. A TOLNet lidar, Pandora spectrometer, and ceilometer for studying clouds are in the background.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA\/Guillaume Gronoff<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u201cAre local air pollutants concentrated around airports? Are they coming from idling vehicles near warehouses?\u201d said Judd, who leads the airborne component of STAQS. \u201cThe people who make air quality decisions that impact communities need the most accurate and precise information possible.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To enable that level of precision, her team is deploying two research aircraft equipped with remote sensors, including spectrometers that serve as a proxy for the new TEMPO instrument in space. \u201cTEMPO on a plane\u201d will be mounted on a Gulfstream-V aircraft provided by NASA\u2019s Johnson Space Center, and it will be flown over the target cities to map pollutants up to three times per day. The goal is to better understand how factors such as traffic patterns and weather influence air quality at different times of the day. It will also help scientists evaluate the early data coming in from the \u201creal thing\u201d in orbit above Earth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\u2019s critical to understand how air quality changes hour by hour, mile by mile, because every community has a unique story to tell, said John Sullivan, who leads the ground-based operations for STAQS and studies atmospheric chemistry from NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center. While aircraft fly overhead, ground-support teams will use research trailers equipped with state-of-the-art sensors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cTogether we can get a 3-D perspective of air pollution moving and mixing in different layers of air,\u201d said Sullivan, project scientist of the Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (<a href=\"https:\/\/www-air.larc.nasa.gov\/missions\/TOLNet\/\" rel=\"noopener\">TOLNet<\/a>), a high-powered network of lasers used to identify and locate pollutants. For example, during a STAQS deployment to New York, the ground teams collaborated to track a 1.5-mile (2.4-kilometer) high plume of ozone moving downwind across the Long Island Sound and the Connecticut shoreline within an 8-hour period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Remote-sensing instruments like TOLNet and <a href=\"https:\/\/pandora.gsfc.nasa.gov\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Pandora<\/a> \u2014 a global network of sky-scanning spectrometers that measure many of the same trace gases as TEMPO \u2014 will operate regularly during the STAQS campaign, providing observational \u201canchor points\u201d for the mission. Moreover, many of the STAQS instruments will be operated in areas where there is existing trace-gas analyzing equipment managed by national and local air quality agencies. The combination of measurement efforts and tools will allow scientists to compare and augment all of the observations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAt the end of the day, the super-users of STAQS findings and TEMPO data will be the state and local air quality agencies who are fundamentally trying to address questions about public health and chemical transport of air pollutants,\u201d Sullivan said. \u201cWe want to provide data to them that can help answer those questions.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>By Sally Younger <\/em><\/strong><br><strong><em>Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.<\/em><\/strong><br><strong><em><a href=\"mailto:sally.m.younger@jpl.nasa.gov\">sally.m.younger@jpl.nasa.gov<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details\">\n<section class=\"padding-x-0 padding-top-5 padding-bottom-2 desktop:padding-top-7 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0c0-228-188-416-416-416V132c285 0 520 235 520 520z\"\/><circle cx=\"219\" cy=\"581\" r=\"71\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Details<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading\">Last Updated<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8\">Aug 17, 2023<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\"><div class=\"grid-col-4\"><div class=\"subheading\">Editor<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-col-8\">Jessica Evans<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\"><div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black \"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2\"><h2 class=\"heading-14\">Related Terms<\/h2><\/div><ul class=\"article-tags\"><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/earth-science-at-ames\/what-we-do\/airborne-science-program-asp\/airborne-science\/\">Airborne Science<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/earth\/\" rel=\"noopener\">Earth<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/earth\/earth-atmosphere\/\">Earth's Atmosphere<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/goddard\/\">Goddard Space Flight Center<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/jpl\/\">Jet Propulsion Laboratory<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/science-in-the-air\/\">Science in the Air<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/mission\/tempo\" rel=\"noopener\">Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More Topics From NASA<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/smallsat-institute\/community-of-practice\/temporal-experiment-for-storms-and-tropical-systems-demonstration-tempest-d-global-atmospheric-science-observations-from-a-cubesat\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Temporal Experiment for Storms and Tropical Systems \u2013 Demonstration (TEMPEST-D):  Global Atmospheric Science Observations from a CubeSat<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"593\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/smallsatellite-banner-v3.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/smallsatellite-banner-v3.jpg 4000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/smallsatellite-banner-v3.jpg?resize=300,116 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/smallsatellite-banner-v3.jpg?resize=768,297 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/smallsatellite-banner-v3.jpg?resize=1024,396 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/smallsatellite-banner-v3.jpg?resize=1536,593 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/smallsatellite-banner-v3.jpg?resize=2048,791 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/smallsatellite-banner-v3.jpg?resize=400,155 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/smallsatellite-banner-v3.jpg?resize=600,232 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/smallsatellite-banner-v3.jpg?resize=900,348 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/smallsatellite-banner-v3.jpg?resize=1200,464 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/smallsatellite-banner-v3.jpg?resize=2000,773 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Aeronautics<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"730\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/afrc2021-0090-0020-imagegalleriesaz.jpg?w=1000\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/afrc2021-0090-0020-imagegalleriesaz.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/afrc2021-0090-0020-imagegalleriesaz.jpg?resize=300,219 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/afrc2021-0090-0020-imagegalleriesaz.jpg?resize=768,561 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/afrc2021-0090-0020-imagegalleriesaz.jpg?resize=400,292 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/afrc2021-0090-0020-imagegalleriesaz.jpg?resize=600,438 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/afrc2021-0090-0020-imagegalleriesaz.jpg?resize=900,657 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/jpl\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Jet Propulsion Laboratory<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1041\" height=\"836\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/edu_srch_jpl_visiting_student.jpg?w=1041\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/edu_srch_jpl_visiting_student.jpg 1041w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/edu_srch_jpl_visiting_student.jpg?resize=300,241 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/edu_srch_jpl_visiting_student.jpg?resize=768,617 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/edu_srch_jpl_visiting_student.jpg?resize=1024,822 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/edu_srch_jpl_visiting_student.jpg?resize=400,321 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/edu_srch_jpl_visiting_student.jpg?resize=600,482 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/edu_srch_jpl_visiting_student.jpg?resize=900,723 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1041px) 100vw, 1041px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/goddard\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Goddard Space Flight Center<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"681\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/goddard-center.jpg?w=1024\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/goddard-center.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/goddard-center.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/goddard-center.jpg?resize=768,511 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/goddard-center.jpg?resize=400,266 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/goddard-center.jpg?resize=600,399 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/goddard-center.jpg?resize=900,599 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The STAQS mission is connecting air quality from space to skies to the streets of Chicago, New York, Toronto, and Los Angeles this summer.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":140,"featured_media":475817,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"140","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[11309,3228,9424,2857,2860,2820,10743],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[],"coauthors":[],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"NASA-led Mission to Map Air Pollution in 3D Over Megacities","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/science-in-the-air\/nasa-led-mission-to-map-air-pollution-in-3d-over-megacities\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/science-in-the-air\/nasa-led-mission-to-map-air-pollution-in-3d-over-megacities\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1-ny_skyline.jpeg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1-ny_skyline.jpeg"},"articleSection":"Missions","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Jessica Evans"}],"creator":["Jessica Evans"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["Missions","Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO)","Airborne Science","Earth","Earth's Atmosphere","Goddard Space Flight Center","Jet Propulsion Laboratory","Science in the Air"],"dateCreated":"2023-07-27T15:00:00Z","datePublished":"2023-07-27T15:00:00Z","dateModified":"2023-08-17T19:25:13Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"NASA-led Mission to Map Air Pollution in 3D Over Megacities\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/science-in-the-air\/nasa-led-mission-to-map-air-pollution-in-3d-over-megacities\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"post\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1-ny_skyline.jpeg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2023-07-27T15:00:00Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"Missions\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"Missions,Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO),Airborne Science,Earth,Earth's Atmosphere,Goddard Space Flight Center,Jet Propulsion Laboratory,Science in the Air\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Jessica Evans\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":6,"time_ago":"11 months","featured_image":{"id":475817,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/1-ny_skyline.jpeg","title":"Empire State Illuminated for Mars Perseverance","alt":"A cityscape crowded with towering skyscrapers stretches beneath blue-gray clouds at twilight.","caption":"The Empire State Building is illuminated in red to celebrate this Thursday's scheduled landing on Mars of NASA's Perseverance rover, Tuesday, Feb. 16, 2021 in New York City. A key objective for Perseverance\u2019s mission on Mars is astrobiology, including the search for signs of ancient microbial life. The rover will characterize the planet\u2019s geology and past climate, pave the way for human exploration of the Red Planet, and be the first mission to collect and cache Martian rock and regolith."},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/475504"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/140"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=475504"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/475504\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":492126,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/475504\/revisions\/492126"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/475817"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=475504"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=475504"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=475504"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=475504"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=475504"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}