{"id":57355,"date":"2017-04-26T15:21:00","date_gmt":"2017-04-26T19:21:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?migration=converted-node-384059"},"modified":"2023-07-25T14:49:49","modified_gmt":"2023-07-25T18:49:49","slug":"uas-integration-in-the-nas-phase-2-abstracts-fy2017-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/armd\/integrated-aviation-systems-program\/uas-in-the-nas\/uas-integration-in-the-nas-phase-2-abstracts-fy2017-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"UAS Integration in the NAS Phase 2 Abstracts FY2017-2020"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"padding-top-5 padding-bottom-3 width-full maxw-full hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-article-intro\"><div class=\"width-full maxw-full article-header\"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2 width-full maxw-full\"><p class=\"label carbon-60 margin-0 margin-bottom-3 padding-0\">10 min read<\/p><h1 class=\"display-48 margin-bottom-2\">UAS Integration in the NAS Phase 2 Abstracts FY2017-2020<\/h1><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Editor\u2019s note: The UAS in the NAS project was concluded in September 2020. This material is being kept online for historical purposes, but it will no longer be updated.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1400\" height=\"1400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?w=1400\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"UAS in the NAS Abstracts\" style=\"transform: scale(1.2); transform-origin: 60% 45%; object-position: 60% 45%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png 1400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?resize=150,150 150w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?resize=300,300 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?resize=768,768 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?resize=1024,1024 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?resize=50,50 50w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?resize=100,100 100w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?resize=200,200 200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?resize=400,400 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?resize=600,600 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?resize=900,900 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?resize=1200,1200 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1400px) 100vw, 1400px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>UAS Integration in the NAS Abstracts<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>NOTE: Abstracts are listed by publication date, newest first.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Detect and Avoid (DAA)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/arc.aiaa.org\/doi\/abs\/10.2514\/1.D0199\" rel=\"noopener\">Detect-and-Avoid Closed-Loop Evaluation of Noncooperative Well Clear Definitions<\/a><br>Gilbert Wu, Seungman Lee, Christine Serres, Bilal Gill, Matthew Edwards, Samantha Smearcheck, Tony Adami, and Sean Calhoun<br>Published July 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/arc.aiaa.org\/doi\/abs\/10.2514\/6.2020-3265\" rel=\"noopener\">Impact of Airborne Radar Uncertainties on Detect-and-Avoid Systems Performance <\/a><br>Gilbert Wu and Seungman Lee<br>Published June 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full\/10.1177\/0018720820916326\" rel=\"noopener\">Human Factors Contributions to the Development of Standards for Displays of Unmanned Aircraft Systems in Support of Detect-and-Avoid<\/a><br>Kim-Phuong L. Vu, ConardRorie, Lisa Fern, Robert J Shively<br>Published June 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/arc.aiaa.org\/doi\/abs\/10.2514\/6.2020-2854\" rel=\"noopener\">Display and Automation Considerations for the Airborne Collision Avoidance System Xu<\/a><br>Garrett G. Sadler, R. Conrad Rorie, Casey L. Smith, Jillian N. Keeler, Kevin J. Monk<br>Published June 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/arc.aiaa.org\/doi\/abs\/10.2514\/6.2020-3264\" rel=\"noopener\">Applying Sensor Uncertainty Mitigation Schemes to Detect-and-Avoid Systems<\/a><br>Michael Abramson, Mohamad Refai, Gilbert Wu, Seungman Lee<br>Published June 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/arc.aiaa.org\/doi\/abs\/10.2514\/6.2020-3263\" rel=\"noopener\">An Examination of Two Non-Cooperative Detect and Avoid Well Clear Definitions<\/a><br>Kevin Monk, Conrad Rorie, Jillian Keeler, and Garett Sadler<br>Published June 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/citations\/20200002189\" rel=\"noopener\">Detect-and-Avoid: Flight Test 6 Scripted Encounters Data Analysis<\/a><br>Wie-Ching wand, Gilbert Wu<br>Published February 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/1071181319631244\" rel=\"noopener\">Impact of the Frequency of Lost Links on Air Traffic Controllers\u2019 Performance and Acceptability Ratings<\/a><br>Kim-Phuong L. Vu, Jillian Keeler, Lisa Fern, Natassia Matton, Conrad Rorie, Vernol Battiste, Robert J Shively, Thomas Strybel<br>Published November 2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9081669\" rel=\"noopener\">Terminal Area Considerations for UAS Detect and Avoid<\/a><br>Keith D Hoffler, Devin P Jack, and Tod Lewis<br>Published September 2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/citations\/20190028685UAS\" rel=\"noopener\">Defining Well Clear Seperation for Unmanned Aircraft Systems Operating with Noncooperative Aircraft<\/a><br>Christine Chen, Bilal Edwards, Matthew Smearcheck, Samantha Adami, Tony Calhoun, Gilbert Wu, Andrew Cone, Seungman Lee<br>Published June 2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/citations\/20190027572\" rel=\"noopener\">A Detect and Avoid System in the Context of Multiple-Unmanned Aircraft Systems Operations<\/a><br>Monk, Kevin J.; Rorie, R. Conrad; Brandt, Summer L.; Sadler, Garrett G.; Roberts, Zachary S.<br>Published May 2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/arc.aiaa.org\/doi\/10.2514\/6.2019-3182\" rel=\"noopener\">A Comparison of Two Terminal Area  DAA Well Clear Definitions  AIAA Aviation 2019<\/a><br>Conrad Rorie, Kevin Monk,Summer Brandt, Zachary Roberts, and Lisa Fern<br>Published May 2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/arc.aiaa.org\/doi\/abs\/10.2514\/6.2019-2073\" rel=\"noopener\">Detect and Avoid Alerting Performance with Limited Surveillance Volume for Non-Cooperative Aircraft<\/a><br>Rober C.Cone, Gilbert Wu, and Gilbert Wu<br>Published January 2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20190000084.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Encounter-Based Simulation Architecture for Detect-And-Avoid Modeling<\/a><br>Mohamad Refai, Michael AbramsonSeungman Lee, Gilbert Wu<br>Published January 2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20190000888.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Analysis of Influence of UAS Speed Range and Turn Performance on Detect and Avoid Sensor Requirements<\/a><br>Devin P. Jack, Jeremy Hardy, and Keith D. Hoffler<br>Published June 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20190000985.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Sensitivity Analysis of Detect and Avoid Well Clear Parameter Variations on UAS DAA Sensor Requirements<\/a><br>Jeremy Hardy, Devin P. Jack , and Keith D. Hoffler<br>Published June 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20180004531.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">An Interoperability Concept for Detect and Avoid and Collision Avoidance Systems: Results from a Human-in-the-Loop Simulation<\/a><br>Conrad Rorie, Lisa Fern<br>Published May 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20190000882.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">En Route Detect and Avoid Well Clear in Terminal Area Landing Pattern<\/a><br>Anna Trujillo, Devin Jack, Dimitrios Tsakpinis<br>Published April 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20170005720.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Generic Resolution Advisor and Conflict Evaluator (GRACE) in Applications to Detect-And-Avoid (DAA) Systems of Unmanned Aircraft<\/a><br>Micheal Abramson, Mohamad Refai, Confesor Santiago<br>Published June 2017<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20170006092.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">UAS Well Clear Recovery against Non-Cooperative Intruders using Vertical Maneuvers<\/a><br>Andrew Cone, David Thipphavong, Seung Man Lee, Confesor Santiago<br>Published June 2017<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20170006093.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">An Alternative Time Metric to Modified Tau for Unmanned Aircraft System Detect And Avoid<\/a><br>Minjong G.Wu, Vibhor L. Bageshwar, Eric Euteneuer<br>Published June 2017<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20170006076.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Unmanned Aircraft Systems Detect and Avoid System: End-to-End Verification and Validation Simulation Study of Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Integrating Unmanned Aircraft into the National Airspace System<\/a>:<br>Rania Ghatas<br>Published June 2017<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20170005859.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Mitigating the Impact of Sensor Uncertainty on Unmanned Aircraft Operations<\/a><br>Devin Jack, Keith Hoffler, James Sturdy<br>Published February 2017<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20170004506.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Unmanned Aircraft Systems Minimum Operational Performance Standards End-to-End Verification and Validation (E2-V2) Simulation<\/a><br>Rania W. Ghatas, Devin P. Jack, Dimitrios Tsakpinis, Michael J. Vincent, James L. Sturdy, Cesar Munoz, Keith D. Hoffler, Aaron Dutle, Robert Myer, Anna M. DeHaven, Tod Lewis, Keith E. Arthur<br>Published April 2017<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">IT&E Records<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/citations\/20205004052\" rel=\"noopener\">UAS Integration in the NAS Project: Overview of Flight Test 6 Series Technical Memorandum <\/a><br>Michael Marston, Alexander Flock, Victor Loera, Sam Ki, Michael Vincent, Conrad Rorie, Gilbert Wu, Wayne Bridges, and Wei-Ching Wang.<br>Published July 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20180004861\" rel=\"noopener\">UAS-NAS NASA 870 Ikhana UAS No Chase COA (NCC) Flights Flight Test Report<\/a><br>Mike Marston, Steffi Valkov<br>Published August 2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>C2 Records<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/arc.aiaa.org\/doi\/abs\/10.2514\/6.2020-3262\" rel=\"noopener\">Urban Air Mobility Command and Control Communication<\/a><br>Isreal Greenfeld<br>Published June 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>SIO<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/8735295\" rel=\"noopener\">UAS Concept of Operations and Vehicle Technologies Demonstration<\/a><br>Kurt Swieringa, Raymond Young, Robert Vivona, Mike Haugue<br>Published April 2019<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">UAS Integration in the NAS Phase 1 Abstracts FY2011-2016<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sense and Avoid (SAA)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20170000678\" rel=\"noopener\">DAIDALUS Observations from Integration in the NAS Project Flight Test 4<\/a><br>Michael Vincent, Dimitrios Tsakpinis<br>Published December 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20170000750.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Piloted Well Clear Performance Evaluation of Detect and Avoid Systems with Suggestive Guidance<\/a><br>Eric Mueller, Confesor Santiago, Spencer Watza<br>Published October 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20160010603.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">SC-228 Defining the Collision Avoidance Region for Detect and Avoid Systems<\/a><br>Davis Thipphavong, Andrew Cone, Chunki Park, Seung Man Lee, Confesor Santiago<br>Published August 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20160006303\" rel=\"noopener\">UAS Human in the Loop Controller and Pilot <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20160006303\" rel=\"noopener\">Acceptability Study- Collision Avoidance, Self Separation and Alerting Times<\/a><br>James Comstock, Rania Ghatas, Michael Vincent, Maria Consiglio, Cesar Munoz, James Chamberlain, Paul Volk, Keith Arthur<br>Published April 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20160000774.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UAS Air Traffic Controller Acceptability Study 2: Evaluating Detect and Avoid Technology and Communication Delays in Simulation<\/a><br>James Comstock, Rania Ghatas, Maria Consiglio, James Chamberlain, Keith Hoffler<br>Published December 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/shemesh.larc.nasa.gov\/people\/cam\/publications\/dasc2015-munoz.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DAIDALUS: Detect and Avoid Alerting Logic for Unmanned Systems<\/a><br>Cesar Munoz, Anthony Narkawicz, George Hagen, Jason Upchurch, Aaron Dutle, Maria Consiglio, James Chamberlain Published September 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/shemesh.larc.nasa.gov\/people\/cam\/publications\/Infotech-2015-0795.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Formally Verified Conflict Detection Algorithm for Polynomial Trajectories<\/a><br>Anthony Narkawicz, Cesar Mu\u00f1oz<br>Published June 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aviationsystemsdivision.arc.nasa.gov\/publications\/2015\/ATM2015_Johnson.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Characteristics of a Well Clear Definition and Alerting Criteria for Encounters between UAS and Manned Aircraft in Class E Airspace<\/a><br>Marcus Johnson, Eric Mueller, Confesor Santiago<br>Published June 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/shemesh.larc.nasa.gov\/people\/cam\/publications\/ATM-2015-356.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Characterizing the Effects of a Vertical Time Threshold for a Class of Well-Clear Definitions<\/a><br>Jason Upchurch, Cesar Munoz, Anthony Narkawicz, Maria Consiglio, James Chamberlain<br>Published June 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aviationsystemsdivision.arc.nasa.gov\/publications\/2015\/ATM2015_Santiago.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pilot Evaluation of a UAS Detect and Avoid Systems Effectiveness in Remaining Well Clear<\/a><br>Confesor Santiago, Eric Mueller<br>Published June 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20150000558&hterms=Consiglio&qs=N%253D0%2526Ntk%253DAll%2526Ntt%253DConsiglio%2526Ntx%253Dmode%20matchallpartial%2526Nm%253D123%257CCollection%257CNASA%20STI%257C%257C17%257CCollection%257CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Family of Well-Clear Boundary Models for the Integration of UAS in the NAS<\/a><br>Cesar A. Munoz, Anthony Narkawicz, James Chamberlain, Maria Consiglio<br>Published August 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aviationsystemsdivision.arc.nasa.gov\/publications\/2014\/AIAA-2014-2413.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Investigating Detect-and-Avoid Surveillance Performance for Unmanned Aircraft Systems<\/a><br>Chunki Park and Seung Man Lee, Eric Mueller<br>Published June 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20140011502&hterms=Keith+Hoffler&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DKeith%2520Hoffler%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Exploration of the Trade Space Between Unmanned Aircraft Systems Descent Maneuver Performance and Sense-and-Avoid System Performance Requirements<\/a><br>Devin P. Jack, Keith D. Hoffler, and Sally C. Johnson<br>Published May 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aviationsystemsdivision.arc.nasa.gov\/publications\/2013\/AIAA-2013-4241.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Systems-Based Approach to Functional Decomposition and Allocation for Developing UAS Separation Assurance Concepts<\/a><br>Seung Man Lee, Eric Mueller<br>Published August 2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20140002736&hterms=TCAS&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DA%2520TCAS%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A TCAS-II Resolution Advisory Detection Algorithm<\/a><br>Chamberlain, Cesar Mu\u00f1oz, Anthony Narkawicz<br>Published August 2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aviationsystemsdivision.arc.nasa.gov\/publications\/2013\/AIAA-2013-4308.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Investigating Effects of \u201cWell Clear\u201d Definitions on UAS Sense-And-Avoid Operations<\/a><br>Seung Man Lee, Chunki Park Marcus Johnson, Eric Mueller<br>Published August 2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20120015770&hterms=Maria+Consiglio&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DMaria%2520Consiglio%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Concepts of Integration for UAS Operations in the NAS<\/a><br>Maria Consiglio, James Chamberlain, Cesar Mu\u00f1oz, Keith Hoffler<br>Published September 2012<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Command and Control (C2)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20180001192.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Control and Non-Payload Communications Prototype Radio Validation Flight Test Report<\/a><br>Kurt Shalkhauser, Joseph Ishac, Dennis Iannicca, Steven Bretmersky, Albert E. Smith<br>Published September 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20170010707.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">CNPC Comm Prototype Radio Verification Test Report 1.30<\/a><br>William Bishop, Brian Frantz, Daniel Young<br>Published September 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20170005784.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Analysis Results and Recommendations for Integration of CNPC and ATC communications Sim Report<\/a><br>Jim Griner, Gregory Kubat<br>Published September 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20150011645.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Control and Non-Payload Communications (CNPC) Prototype Radio \u2013 Generation 2 Security Flight Test Report<\/a><br>Dennis Iannicca, James Mckim, David Stewart, Suresh Thadhani, Daniel Young<br>Published June 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20150010218.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Control and Non\u2010Payload Communications (CNPC) Prototype Radio \u2013 Generation 2 Security Architecture Lab Test Report<\/a><br>Dennis Iannicca, James Mckim, David Stewart, Suresh Thadhani, Daniel Young<br>Published May 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20150000855&hterms=ishac&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3Dishac%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Control and Non-Payload Communications (CNPC) Prototype Radio \u2013 Generation 2 Flight Test Report<\/a><br>Joseph Ishac, Dennis Iannicca, Kurt Shalkhauser, Brian Kachmar<br>Published October 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20140016375&hterms=griner&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3Dgriner%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Control and Non-Payload Communications Generation 1 Prototype Radio Flight Test Report<\/a><br>Kurt Shalkhauser, Daniel Young, Steven Bretmersky, Joseph A Ishac, Steven Walker, James H Griner, Brian Kachmar<br>Published October 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Human Systems Integration (HSI)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20160011388.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">UAS Pilot Evaluation of Suggestive Guidance on Detect and Avoid Displays<\/a><br>Kevin Monk, Zach Roberts<br>Published September 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20190000211&hterms=Human+factors+guidelines+remotely+piloted+aircraft+system+RPAS+remote+pilot+stations+RPS&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DHuman%2520factors%2520guidelines%2520for%2520remotely%2520piloted%2520aircraft%2520system%2520%28RPAS%29%2520remote%2520pilot%2520stations%2520%28RPS%29%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial\" rel=\"noopener\">Human Factors Guidelines for Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS) Remote Pilot Stations (RPS)<\/a><br>Allan Hobbs, Beth Lyall<br>Published July 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20150023000\" rel=\"noopener\">The Impact of Integrated Maneuver Guidance Information on UAS Pilots Performing the Detect and Avoid Task<\/a><br>Conrad Rorie, Lisa Fern<br>Published October 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20150018045.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An Evaluation of Detect and Avoid (DAA) Displays for Unmanned Aircraft Systems: The Effect of Information Level and Display Location on Pilot <\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20150018045.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Performance<\/a><br>Lisa Fern, Conrad Rorie, Jessica Pack, Jay Shively, Mark Draper<br>Published June 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20150000114&hterms=Lisa+Fern&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DLisa%2520Fern%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA\u2019s UAS Integration into the NAS: A Report on the Human Systems Integration Phase 1 Simulation Activities<\/a><br>Lisa Fern, Conrad Rorie, Jay Shively<br>Published October 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/human-factors.arc.nasa.gov\/publications\/Rorie_Fern_UAS%20Measured%20Response.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UAS Measured Response: The Effect of GCS Control Mode Interfaces on Pilot Ability to Comply with ATC Clearances<\/a><br>Lisa Fern, Conrad Rorie<br>Published October 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20140011823&hterms=Jay+Shively&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DJay%2520Shively%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Air Traffic Controller Performance and Acceptability of Multiple UAS in a Simulated NAS Environment<\/a><br>Vernol Battiste, Robert Jay Shively, Kim-Phuong L. Vu, Thomas Strybel, Dan Chiappe, Greg Morales<br>Published July 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/human-factors.arc.nasa.gov\/publications\/AIAA_Fern_etal_ContingencyManagement_Formatted.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UAS Contingency Management: The Effect of Different Procedures on ATC in Civil Airspace Operations<\/a><br>Lisa Fern, Conrad Rorie, Jay Shively<br>Published June 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/human-factors.arc.nasa.gov\/publications\/Shively_et_al_2013.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Unmanned Aircraft System Response to Air Traffic Control Clearances: Measured Response<\/a><br>Robert J. Shively, Kim-Phuong L. Vu, Timothy J. Buker<br>Published October 2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20140011009&hterms=Jay+Shively&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DJay%2520Shively%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Influence of UAS Pilot Communication and Execution Delay on Controller\u2019s Acceptability Ratings of UAS-ATC Interactions<\/a><br>Kim-Phuong L. Vu, Gregory Morales, Dan Chiappe, Thomas Z. Strybe, Vernol Battiste, Jay Shively, Timothy Buker<br>Published September 2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/humansystems.arc.nasa.gov\/publications\/Hobbs_Shively_Human_Factor_Guidelines_AUVSI.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Human Factors Guidelines for UAS in the National Airspace System<\/a><br>Alan Hobbs, Robert J. Shively<br>Published August 2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20120016003&hterms=caitlin+kenny&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3Dcaitlin%2520kenny%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UAS Integration Into the NAS: An Examination of Baseline Compliance in the Current Airspace System<\/a><br>Lisa Fern, Caitlin Kenny, Robert J. Shively, Walter Johnson<br>Published October 2012<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Integrated Test & Evaluation (IT&E)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20160011963&hterms=UAS+systems+engineerging&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DUAS%2520systems%2520engineerging%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial\" rel=\"noopener\">Stakeholder Feedback Report<\/a><br>Debra Randall, Jim Murphy<br>Published September 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20160012546.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Flight Test Series 3 Test Environment Report<\/a><br>Ty Hoang, Jim Murphy, Neil Otto<br>Published April 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20160000425.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Flight Test Overview for UAS Integration in the NAS Project<\/a><br>James Murphy, Peggy Hayes, Sam Kim, Wayne Bridges, Michael Marston<br>Published January 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20150022361.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Integrated Human in the Loop: Test Environment Report<\/a><br>James Murphy, Srba Jovic, Neil Otto<br>Published February 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aviationsystemsdivision.arc.nasa.gov\/publications\/2015\/AIAA-2015-1647.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Message Latency Characterization of a Distributed Live, Virtual, Constructive Simulation Environment<\/a><br>Jim Murphy, Srba Jovic, and Neil M. Otto<br>Published January 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aviationsystemsdivision.arc.nasa.gov\/publications\/2015\/AIAA-2015-1648.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">RUMS \u2013 Realtime Visualization and Evaluation of Live, Virtual, Constructive Simulation Data<\/a><br>George Soler, Srba Jovic, Jim Murphy<br>Published January 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20140009125&hterms=Jim+Murphy&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DJim%2520Murphy%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UAS-NAS Live Virtual Constructive Distributed Test Environment Characterization Report<\/a><br>Jim Murphy, Sam Kim<br>Published September 2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Certification<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20160014852\" rel=\"noopener\">Design Requirements for Unmanned Rotorcraft used in Low-Risk Concepts of Operation<\/a><br>Kelly J. Hayhurst, Jeffrey M. Maddalon, Natasha A. Neogi, and Harry A. Verstyne<br>Published November 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20160010343.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Safety and Certification Considerations for UAS in Precision Agriculture<\/a><br>Kelly J. Hayhurst, Jeffrey M. Maddalon, Natasha A. Neogi, and Harry A. Verstynen<br>Published July 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20160009270.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">Expanding the Envelope of UAS Certification \u2013 What it Takes to Type Certify a UAS for Precision Agricultural Spraying<\/a><br>Jeffrey M. Maddalon, Kelly J. Hayhurst,  Natasha A Neogi, Harry A. Verstynen, R.A. Clothier<br>Published May 2016<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/archive\/nasa\/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov\/20160000766.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mock Certification Basis for an Unmanned Rotorcraft for Precision Agricultural Spraying<\/a><br>Kelly Hayhurst, Jeffrey Maddalon, Natasha Neogi, Harry Verstynen, Barry Buelow, G. Frank McCormick<br>Published November 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20140011501&hterms=Maddalon&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DMaddalon%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A Review of Current and Prospective Factors for Classification of Civil Unmanned Aircraft Systems<\/a><br>Kelly J. Hayhurst, Jeffrey M. Maddalon, A. Terry Morris<br>Published August 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20140002407&hterms=Maddalon&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DMaddalon%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Considerations of Unmanned Aircraft Classification for Civil Airworthiness Standards<\/a><br>\nJeffrey M. Maddalon, Kelly J. Hayhurst, A. Terry Morris, Harry A. Verstynen<br>\nPublished October 2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20140011531&hterms=Preliminary+Recommendations&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DPreliminary%2520Recommendations%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Preliminary Recommendations for the Collection, Storage, and Analysis of UAS Safety Data<\/a><br>\nFrancis Enomoto, David Bushnell, Ewen Denney, Ganesh Pai, Johann Schumann<br>\nPublished September 2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20130010930&hterms=Maddalon&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3DMaddalon%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Perspectives on Unmanned Aircraft Classification for Civil Airworthiness Standards<\/a><br> Jeffrey M. Maddalon, Kelly J. Hayhurst, Daniel M. Koppen, Jason M. Upchurch, Terry Morris, Harry A. Verstynen<br> Published February 2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Small UAS (sUAS)<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20150002789&hterms=rania+ghatas&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3Drania%2520ghatas%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems Integration into the National Airspace System Visual-Line-of-Sight Human-in-the-Loop Experiment<\/a><br>Anna Trujillo, Rania Ghatas, Raymon McAdaragh, Daniel Burdette, James Comstock, Lucas Hemplet, Hui Fan<br>Published February 2015<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20140006221&hterms=rania+ghatas&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3Drania%2520ghatas%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Making the Case for New Research to Support the Integration of Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems into the National Airspace System<\/a><br>Raymon McAdaragh, James Comstock, Rania Ghatas, Daniel Burdette, Anna Trujillo<br>Published April 2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp?R=20140004575&hterms=rania+ghatas&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntt%3Drania%2520ghatas%26Ntx%3Dmode%2520matchallpartial%26Nm%3D123%7CCollection%7CNASA%2520STI%7C%7C17%7CCollection%7CNACA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UAS in the NAS: Survey Responses by ATC, Manned Aircraft Pilots, and UAS Pilots<\/a><br>James Comstock, Raymon McAdaragh, Rania Ghatas, Daniel Burdette, Anna Trujillo<br>Published April 2014<br>To search for earlier papers, visit the <a href=\"http:\/\/ntrs.nasa.gov\/search.jsp\" rel=\"noopener\">NASA Technical Reports Server<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:50px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"\/aeroresearch\/programs\/iasp\/uas\">UAS in the NAS<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"\/aeroresearch\/programs\/iasp\">IASP<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-social-media grid-container grid-container-block nasa-gb-align- width-full maxw-full margin-y-0 padding-y-5 padding-x-3 desktop:padding-x-0 font-weight-bold hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-social-media-links\">\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center padding-y-1\" id=\"social-facebook\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"circle-4 minw-4 display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-center\" style=\"background-color: #4267B2;\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-labelledby=\"facebookIconTitle\"><title id=\"facebookIconTitle\">Facebook logo<\/title><path d=\"M9 8h-3v4h3v12h5v-12h3.642l.358-4h-4v-1.667c0-.955.192-1.333 1.115-1.333h2.885v-5h-3.808c-3.596 0-5.192 1.583-5.192 4.615v3.385z\"\/><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-social-media-items padding-left-2\">\n\t\t\t\t<a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" 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display-flex flex-align-center flex-justify-center\" style=\"background-color: #0072b1;\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-labelledby=\"linkedinIconTitle\"><title id=\"linkedinIconTitle\">Linkedin logo<\/title><path d=\"M4.98 3.5c0 1.381-1.11 2.5-2.48 2.5s-2.48-1.119-2.48-2.5c0-1.38 1.11-2.5 2.48-2.5s2.48 1.12 2.48 2.5zm.02 4.5h-5v16h5v-16zm7.982 0h-4.968v16h4.969v-8.399c0-4.67 6.029-5.052 6.029 0v8.399h4.988v-10.131c0-7.88-8.922-7.593-11.018-3.714v-2.155z\"\/><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-social-media-items padding-left-2\">\n\t\t\t\t<a target=\"_blank\" class=\"margin-right-2\" href=\"https:\/\/linkedin.com\/company\/NASA\" aria-label=\"Go to @NASA on linkedin\" rel=\"noopener\">@NASA<\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-articles\">\t\t<section class=\"hds-related-articles padding-x-0 padding-y-3 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"w-100 grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0 text-align-left\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\"><h2 style=\"max-width: 100%;\" class=\"width-full w-full maxw-full\">Explore More<\/h2><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/nasa-to-help-local-governments-plan-for-advanced-air-mobility\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/vertiport_cu_rev3.jpg?w=300\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/vertiport_cu_rev3.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/vertiport_cu_rev3.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/vertiport_cu_rev3.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/vertiport_cu_rev3.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/vertiport_cu_rev3.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/vertiport_cu_rev3.jpg?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/vertiport_cu_rev3.jpg?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/vertiport_cu_rev3.jpg?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/vertiport_cu_rev3.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">5 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">NASA to Help Local Governments Plan for Advanced Air Mobility<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3 years ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/testing-big-ideas-for-drones-of-all-sizes\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/envision-future-v4-blue-0.jpg?w=300\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/envision-future-v4-blue-0.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/envision-future-v4-blue-0.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/envision-future-v4-blue-0.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/envision-future-v4-blue-0.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/envision-future-v4-blue-0.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/envision-future-v4-blue-0.jpg?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/envision-future-v4-blue-0.jpg?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/envision-future-v4-blue-0.jpg?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/envision-future-v4-blue-0.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">22 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">A Story for Axel: Big Ideas for Better Air Mobility with Drones of all Sizes<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3 years ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/aeronautics\/a-story-for-axel-small-drones-big-ideas-for-better-air-mobility\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/envision-future-v4-blue_0.jpg?w=300\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/envision-future-v4-blue_0.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/envision-future-v4-blue_0.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/envision-future-v4-blue_0.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/envision-future-v4-blue_0.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/envision-future-v4-blue_0.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/envision-future-v4-blue_0.jpg?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/envision-future-v4-blue_0.jpg?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/envision-future-v4-blue_0.jpg?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/envision-future-v4-blue_0.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">10 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">A Story for Axel: Small Drones, Big Ideas for Better Air Mobility<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3 years ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-topic-cards nasa-gb-align-full maxw-full width-full padding-y-6 padding-x-3 color-mode-dark hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-topic-cards\">\t\t<div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block-lg padding-x-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row flex-align-center margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"desktop:grid-col-8 margin-bottom-2 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"label color-carbon-60 margin-bottom-2\">Keep Exploring<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-36 line-height-sm\">Discover More Topics From NASA<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-gap-2 hds-topic-cards-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/nasa-missions\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Missions<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"864\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?w=1536\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg 3840w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=2048,1152 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=1200,675 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/jsc2022e046413_orig.jpg?resize=2000,1125 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Humans In Space<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"368\" height=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/topic-humans-in-space.jpg?w=368\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/topic-humans-in-space.jpg 368w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/topic-humans-in-space.jpg?resize=197,300 197w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/topic-humans-in-space.jpg?resize=263,400 263w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 368px) 100vw, 368px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/solar-system\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Solar System Exploration<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"margin-bottom-0 margin-top-2 color-carbon-20-important\">Why Oceans Matter The story of oceans is the story of life. Life as we know it requires three ingredients:...<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" src=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/pia06890-our-solar-system-banner-1920x640-1.jpg\" ><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/history\/explore-nasas-history\/\" class=\"mobile:grid-col-12 tablet:grid-col-6 desktop:grid-col-3 topic-card margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-topic-card hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"skrim-overlay skrim-overlay-dark skrim-left mobile-skrim-top padding-3 display-flex flex-align-end flex-justify-start z-200\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"hds-topic-card-heading heading-29 color-spacesuit-white line-height-sm margin-top-0 margin-bottom-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Explore NASA’s History<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg viewBox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><circle class=\"color-nasa-red\" cx=\"16\" cy=\"16\" r=\"16\"><\/circle><path d=\"M8 16.956h12.604l-3.844 4.106 1.252 1.338L24 16l-5.988-6.4-1.252 1.338 3.844 4.106H8v1.912z\" class=\"color-spacesuit-white\"><\/path><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1919\" height=\"1878\" src=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1919&h=1878&fit=clip&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1919&h=1878&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1919w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=300&h=294&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 300w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=768&h=752&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 768w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1024&h=1002&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1024w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1536&h=1503&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1536w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=50&h=49&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 50w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=400&h=391&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 400w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=600&h=587&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 600w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=900&h=881&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 900w, https:\/\/images-assets.nasa.gov\/image\/as17-134-20476\/as17-134-20476~large.jpg?w=1200&h=1174&fit=crop&crop=faces%2Cfocalpoint 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1919px) 100vw, 1919px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details\">\n<section class=\"padding-x-0 padding-top-5 padding-bottom-2 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-2 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 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519.284H714.163ZM569.165 687.828L521.697 619.934L144.011 79.6944H306.615L611.412 515.685L658.88 583.579L1055.08 1150.3H892.476L569.165 687.854V687.828Z\" fill=\"white\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-facebook\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fdirectorates%2Farmd%2Fintegrated-aviation-systems-program%2Fuas-in-the-nas%2Fuas-integration-in-the-nas-phase-2-abstracts-fy2017-2020%2F\" aria-label=\"Share on Facebook.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9 8h-3v4h3v12h5v-12h3.642l.358-4h-4v-1.667c0-.955.192-1.333 1.115-1.333h2.885v-5h-3.808c-3.596 0-5.192 1.583-5.192 4.615v3.385z\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-linkedin\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a 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0c0-228-188-416-416-416V132c285 0 520 235 520 520z\"\/><circle cx=\"219\" cy=\"581\" r=\"71\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Details<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading\">Last Updated<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8\">Jul 25, 2023<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\"><div class=\"grid-col-4\"><div class=\"subheading\">Editor<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-col-8\">Lillian Gipson<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\"><div class=\"grid-col-4\"><div class=\"subheading\">Contact<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-col-8\"><div class=\"margin-bottom-3\"><div>Jim Banke<\/div><div><a href=\"mailto:jim.banke@nasa.gov\">jim.banke@nasa.gov<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\"><div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black \"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2\"><h2 class=\"heading-14\">Related Terms<\/h2><\/div><ul class=\"article-tags\"><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/armd\/integrated-aviation-systems-program\/uas-in-the-nas\/\">UAS in the NAS<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Editor\u2019s note: The UAS in the NAS project was concluded in September 2020. This material is being kept online for historical purposes, but it will no longer be updated. UAS Integration in the NAS Abstracts NOTE: Abstracts are listed by publication date, newest first. Detect and Avoid (DAA) Detect-and-Avoid Closed-Loop Evaluation of Noncooperative Well Clear [...]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":48,"featured_media":68405,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"48","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":["47"],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[12738],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[10618,10831],"coauthors":[],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"UAS Integration in the NAS Phase 2 Abstracts FY2017-2020","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/armd\/integrated-aviation-systems-program\/uas-in-the-nas\/uas-integration-in-the-nas-phase-2-abstracts-fy2017-2020\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/armd\/integrated-aviation-systems-program\/uas-in-the-nas\/uas-integration-in-the-nas-phase-2-abstracts-fy2017-2020\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png"},"articleSection":"NASA Directorates","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Lillian Gipson"}],"creator":["Lillian Gipson"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["NASA Directorates","Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate","Integrated Aviation Systems Program","UAS in the NAS"],"dateCreated":"2017-04-26T19:21:00Z","datePublished":"2017-04-26T19:21:00Z","dateModified":"2023-07-25T18:49:49Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"UAS Integration in the NAS Phase 2 Abstracts FY2017-2020\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/armd\/integrated-aviation-systems-program\/uas-in-the-nas\/uas-integration-in-the-nas-phase-2-abstracts-fy2017-2020\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"post\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2017-04-26T19:21:00Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"NASA Directorates\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"NASA Directorates,Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate,Integrated Aviation Systems Program,UAS in the NAS\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Lillian Gipson\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":10,"time_ago":"7 years","featured_image":{"id":68405,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/uas-in-the-nas-abstracts.png","title":"uas-in-the-nas-abstracts","alt":"UAS in the NAS Abstracts graphic with reports and papers on a mustard color background.","caption":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57355"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/48"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57355"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57355\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":461281,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57355\/revisions\/461281"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/68405"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57355"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57355"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=57355"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=57355"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=57355"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}