{"id":40566,"date":"2021-10-07T02:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-07T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?migration=converted-node-474490"},"modified":"2023-12-19T10:52:55","modified_gmt":"2023-12-19T15:52:55","slug":"lunanet-empowering-artemis-with-communications-and-navigation-interoperability","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/lunanet-empowering-artemis-with-communications-and-navigation-interoperability\/","title":{"rendered":"LunaNet: Empowering Artemis with Communications and Navigation Interoperability"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>With <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/specials\/artemis\/\">Artemis<\/a>, NASA will establish a long-term presence at the Moon, opening more of the lunar surface to exploration than ever before. This growth of lunar activity will require new, more robust communications, navigation, and networking capabilities. NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/heo\/scan\/index.html\">Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN)<\/a> program has developed the <a href=\"https:\/\/esc.gsfc.nasa.gov\/projects\/TEMPO?tab=lunanet\" rel=\"noopener\">LunaNet<\/a> architecture to meet these needs.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-center padding-y-3 maxw-full width-full display-flex flex-align-center hds-module wp-block-nasa-blocks-blockquote\"><div class=\"grid-container grid-container-block display-flex flex-column flex-justify-center padding-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:display-flex mobile:display-block\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"blockquote-icon margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"tablet:square-4 square-4 margin-right-3\" version=\"1.1\" aria-hidden=\"true\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" viewBox=\"0 0 3000 3000\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 3000 3000;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"> <g> <path d=\"M586.7,1429.7c-10.7,1.5-21.4,2.8-33.9,4.5c6.9-26.6,12.7-50.7,19.5-74.6c32.4-114.1,78.5-222.2,146.8-319.5 c90.2-128.5,202.5-235.3,327.7-329.1c8.4-6.3,16.7-12.6,25.3-19.1c-66.3-105.1-131.5-208.6-197.3-313.1c-3.5,1.2-5.5,1.6-7.2,2.6 C714.4,469,576.1,575.7,456,705.3c-126,135.9-226.2,289.1-303,457.8c-98.8,217.1-151.3,444-147.2,683.3 c1.7,100.5,12.9,199.6,41.1,296.3C93.7,2303,182.2,2433,326.7,2520.1c176.9,106.7,366.8,126.8,563.4,70.5 c150.9-43.2,260.9-138.9,327.2-282.5c33.4-72.5,47.8-149.4,52-228.7c6.5-122.8-14.1-239.5-74.3-348.1 C1074.6,1514.5,832.7,1394.2,586.7,1429.7z\"><\/path><path d=\"M2912.5,1722c-129.9-210.9-320.2-309.4-567.9-296c-22.1,1.2-44,5.1-67.4,7.9c2.2-9.6,4-17.9,6.1-26.2 c37.9-153.6,99.3-296,198.8-420.5c77.8-97.4,167.1-182.9,265.8-258.8c15.6-12,31.3-23.9,47.9-36.5 c-66.2-105.1-131.9-209.2-197.2-312.8c-3.5,1.1-5.1,1.2-6.4,2c-167.2,95.6-316.1,213.7-443.2,358.8 c-105.1,119.9-191.1,252.3-259.5,396.3c-95.5,201-152.1,411.6-159.1,634.8c-3.9,125.5,4.8,249.7,40.1,371 c46.7,160.8,135.7,290.9,280.5,378.7c165.7,100.5,344.8,123,531.2,78.8c172.4-40.8,296.4-143.9,366.3-308.5 c28.5-67.2,40.6-138,44.6-210.5C3000.2,1953.3,2979.9,1831.4,2912.5,1722z\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"blockquote-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"font-weight-extralight line-height-sm margin-top-0 section-heading-sm\"><span class=\"section-heading-sm\">Together, we\u2019re refining\u00a0a\u00a0cutting-edge\u00a0approach that will\u00a0meet the needs of lunar missions for many decades to come.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"blockquote-image hds-cover-wrapper margin-right-3\"><figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"109\" height=\"92\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/nasa-logo.svg?w=109&h=92&crop=1\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"Dave Israel\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-11\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"blockquote-credit-name line-height-sm margin-0\">Dave Israel<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"blockquote-credit-title line-height-sm padding-0 margin-0\">Goddard Communications Architect<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>LunaNet will leverage innovative networking techniques, standards, and an extensible framework to rapidly expand network capabilities at the Moon. This framework will allow industry, academia, and international partners to build and operate LunaNet nodes alongside NASA. These nodes will offer missions four distinct services: networking, navigation, detection and information, and radio\/optical science services.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"LunaNet: Enhancing Connectivity and Empowering Missions at the Moon\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/C1JL9wYfyZM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">LunaNet Services <\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Networking <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Typically, when missions launch into space, their communication down to Earth is reliant on pre-scheduled links with either a space relay or a ground-based antenna. With multiple missions journeying to the Moon, the reliance on pre-scheduled links could limit communications opportunities and efficiencies. LunaNet offers a network approach similar to the internet on Earth, where users maintain connections with the larger network and do not need to schedule data transference in advance. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The core network framework of LunaNet is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/heo\/scan\/engineering\/technology\/disruption_tolerant_networking\">Delay\/Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN)<\/a>, which ensures data flows seamlessly through the network and reaches its final destination despite potential signal disruptions. In the event of a disruption between two LunaNet nodes, DTN enables the nodes to store data until the path becomes clear.  <\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1152\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"LunaNet DTN concept graphic. \" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png 10668w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png?resize=2048,1152 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png?resize=600,337 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png?resize=1200,675 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet_dtn_graphic_100521.png?resize=2000,1125 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">LunaNet DTN Framework<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA \/ Reese Patillo<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Navigation <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>For lunar navigation, the LunaNet approach offers operational independence from data processing on Earth while maintaining high precision. The architecture will provide missions with access to key measurements necessary for onboard orbit determination and guidance system operations, or surface positioning. Missions using LunaNet navigation services would have everything they need for autonomous navigation at the Moon, whether that be on the surface or in orbit.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cLunaNet will provide a new paradigm for Earth-independent navigation, assuring crewed and robotic missions can quickly and accurately determine their locations and feed that forward to their planning systems,\u201d said Cheryl Gramling, Associate Chief for Technology of the Mission Engineering and Systems Analysis Division.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Detection and Information <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>LunaNet detection and information services provide alerts and other critical information to users. This and similar capabilities will greatly enhance situational awareness of astronauts, rovers, and other assets on the lunar surface. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As an example, LunaNet will use space weather instruments that detect potentially dangerous solar activity to warn users directly, rather than waiting for direction to do so from network managers on Earth. These alerts will be similar to those humans get on their smartphones for hazardous weather.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunasarconcept4_qpmr_0621.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunasarconcept4_qpmr_0621.png?w=1920\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"LunaSAR concept graphic. \" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunasarconcept4_qpmr_0621.png 1920w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunasarconcept4_qpmr_0621.png?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunasarconcept4_qpmr_0621.png?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunasarconcept4_qpmr_0621.png?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunasarconcept4_qpmr_0621.png?resize=1536,864 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunasarconcept4_qpmr_0621.png?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunasarconcept4_qpmr_0621.png?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunasarconcept4_qpmr_0621.png?resize=900,506 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunasarconcept4_qpmr_0621.png?resize=1200,675 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Astronaut traversing the rocky Moon.<\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA \/ Reese Patillo <\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>LunaNet detection and information services will also include a lunar search and rescue capability, or <a href=\"https:\/\/esc.gsfc.nasa.gov\/news\/LunaSAR_lunar_search_and_rescue\" rel=\"noopener\">LunaSAR<\/a>. LunaSAR leverages the expertise of NASA\u2019s Search and Rescue office, which has long developed technologies for terrestrial search and rescue.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAstronaut safety and wellbeing are key concerns of the Artemis missions,\u201d said Cody Kelly, <a href=\"https:\/\/esc.gsfc.nasa.gov\/projects\/SAR\" rel=\"noopener\">Search and Rescue office<\/a> mission manager for national affairs. \u201cUsing LunaNet\u2019s navigation services, LunaSAR will provide location data to NASA distress beacons should contingencies arise.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Science Services <\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>LunaNet science services will provide nodes the opportunity to perform measurements for the benefit of researchers on Earth using their radio and infrared optical communications links. The network of nodes could provide opportunities for baseline observations of the Moon, frequent measurements that provide a comprehensive study of the lunar environment over time. Additionally, the placement of nodes will allow for regional or global observation of the Moon, offering scientists access to lunar data over large spatial scales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>LunaNet antennas may also be used in applications like radio astronomy, where antennas peer deep into space looking for radio emissions from distant celestial objects. These capabilities will provide scientists with a new platform to test novel theories about space science and advance scientific knowledge.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">LunaNet Interoperability Specifications<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>The LunaNet team published <a href=\"https:\/\/esc.gsfc.nasa.gov\/static-files\/LunaNet%20Interoperability%20Specification.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\">draft interoperability specifications <\/a>as a starting point for technical discussions among industry and government experts from around the world. The goal is a set of standards that can enable an open, evolving, cooperative lunar communications and navigation architecture. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cArtemis is a collaborative endeavor, relying on academia, commercial aerospace companies, and the international community. LunaNet is no different,\u201d said Jaime Esper, who helped lead development of the draft interoperability specifications. \u201cTogether, we hope to define a robust architecture that can meet the needs and desires of the widest possible set of user missions and service providers.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">LunaNet Background <\/h1>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1894\" height=\"1066\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png?w=1894\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Graphic featuring LunaNet device and astronaut on the moon.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png 1894w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png?resize=300,169 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png?resize=768,432 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png?resize=1024,576 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png?resize=1536,865 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png?resize=400,225 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png?resize=600,338 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png?resize=900,507 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png?resize=1200,675 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1894px) 100vw, 1894px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">LunaNet: Bringing terrestrial internet capabilities to astronauts, rovers, and orbiters. <\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">NASA \/ Reese Patillo<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>LunaNet began its life at NASA\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/goddard\">Goddard Space Flight Center<\/a> in Greenbelt, Maryland with a cross-functional team of networking, navigation, science, and systems engineering experts building upon previous NASA and international activities. From this foundation, experts agency-wide came together to refine the proposal and develop draft interoperability standards, and LunaNet is now being led out of the <a rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/directorates\/heo\/scan\" target=\"_new\">Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN)<\/a> program office. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cLunaNet is an exciting opportunity for the NASA communications and navigation team and the science and exploration community at large,\u201d said Dave Israel, communications architect at Goddard. \u201cTogether, we\u2019re refining a cutting-edge approach that will meet the needs of lunar missions for many decades to come.\u201d <\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-about-the-author nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-6 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-about-the-author\"><div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-x-0 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black padding-top-3\"><div class=\"margin-bottom-4\"><h3 class=\"heading-14\">About the Author<\/h3><\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-row grid-container padding-x-0 maxw-widescreen\"><div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-9\"><div class=\"grid-row\"><div class=\"hds-author-thumbnail mobile:circle-6 mobile:maxw-6 circle-card maxw-card thumbnail margin-right-2 desktop:margin-right-5\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"10rem\" height=\"10rem\" loading=\"lazy\" fetchpriority=\"low\" class=\"avatar avatar-300 photo medium\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/cropped-microsoftteams-image-14-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"Katherine Schauer\"><\/div><div class=\"grid-col\"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2\"><h2 class=\"heading-29 line-height-sm\">Katherine Schauer<\/h2><\/div><div class=\"padding-y-2\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"desktop:grid-col-6 desktop:padding-right-9\"><p class=\"margin-top-0\">Katherine Schauer is a writer for the Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) program office and covers emerging technologies, commercialization efforts, exploration activities, and more.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>With Artemis, NASA will establish a long-term presence at the Moon, opening more of the lunar surface to exploration than ever before. This growth of lunar activity will require new, more robust communications, navigation, and networking capabilities. NASA\u2019s Space Communications and Navigation (SCaN) program has developed the LunaNet architecture to meet these needs. LunaNet will leverage innovative networking techniques, standards, and an extensible framework to rapidly [...]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":239,"featured_media":34320,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":[],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[2801,2857,2656,2867,3315],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[],"coauthors":[10602,10644],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"LunaNet: Empowering Artemis with Communications and Navigation Interoperability","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/lunanet-empowering-artemis-with-communications-and-navigation-interoperability\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/lunanet-empowering-artemis-with-communications-and-navigation-interoperability\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png"},"articleSection":"Humans in Space","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Katherine Schauer"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Danny Baird"}],"creator":["Katherine Schauer","Danny Baird"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["NASA Directorates","Space Operations Mission Directorate","Space Communications & Navigation Program","Commercial Space","Goddard Space Flight Center","Humans in Space","NASA Headquarters"],"dateCreated":"2021-10-07T06:00:00Z","datePublished":"2021-10-07T06:00:00Z","dateModified":"2023-12-19T15:52:55Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"LunaNet: Empowering Artemis with Communications and Navigation Interoperability\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/humans-in-space\/lunanet-empowering-artemis-with-communications-and-navigation-interoperability\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"post\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2021-10-07T06:00:00Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"Humans in Space\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"NASA Directorates,Space Operations Mission Directorate,Space Communications & Navigation Program,Commercial Space,Goddard Space Flight Center,Humans in Space,NASA Headquarters\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Katherine Schauer\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Danny Baird\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":5,"time_ago":"3 years","featured_image":{"id":34320,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/lunanet.png","title":"lunanet","alt":"Graphic featuring LunaNet device and astronaut on the moon.","caption":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40566"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/239"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40566"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40566\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":582546,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40566\/revisions\/582546"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34320"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40566"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40566"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=40566"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=40566"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=40566"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}