HRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD COVER SHEET 

Name of Site: Vienna Wells 

EPA ID No.: MON000705803 

Contact Persons

EPA Contact : Michelle Quick 

 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 7 

 901 North 5th Street 

 Kansas City, Kansas 66101 

 (913) 551-7335 

Site Investigation: Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) 

Documentation Record: Kumud Pyakuryal, Tetra Tech EM Inc. 

Pathways, Components, or Threats Not Scored

Soil exposure, surface water migration, and air migration pathways were not completed, because 

associated pathway scores will have no effect on the NPL listing. 

 
HRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD 

Name of Site: Vienna Wells 

EPA Region: 7 

Date Prepared: March 2010 

Street Address of Site*: 545-547 N. Chestnut Street, Vienna, Missouri 65582 

City, County, State: Vienna, Maries County, Missouri 65582 

General Location in the State: The site is located on a low ridge between the Gasconade and Maries 

River valleys (Ref. 4, p. 4). 

Topographic Map: The location of site is shown on the Vienna, Missouri, Quadrangle, 

U.S. Geological Survey, 7.5-Minute Series Topographic Map 

(Ref. 3, p. 1). 

Latitude*: 38o11’22.55”North (Ref. 3, p. 1) (see Figure 1) 

Longitude*: 91o56’38.97” West (Ref. 3, p. 1) (see Figure 1) 

The latitude and longitude listed above specify the approximate location of the former Langenberg Hat 

Company facility. Figure 1 shows the site location. 

Scores 

Ground Water Migration Pathway 100.00

Surface Water Migration Pathway 0

Soil Exposure Pathway 0

Air Migration Pathway 0

HRS SITE SCORE 50.00

Note: 

*The street address coordinates, and contaminant locations presented in this HRS documentation record 

identify the general area in which the site is located. They represent one or more locations EPA consider 

part of the site based on the screening information EPA used to evaluate the site for NPL listing. EPA 

lists national priorities among the known “releases or threatened releases” of hazardous substances; thus, 

the focus is on the releases, not precisely delineated boundaries. A site is defined as where a hazardous 

substance has been “deposited, stored, placed, or otherwise come to be located.” Generally, HRS scoring 

and the subsequent listing of a release merely represent the initial determination that a certain area may 

need to be addressed under CERCLA. Accordingly, EPA contemplates that the preliminary description 

of facility boundaries at the time of scoring may be refined as more information is developed as to where 

the contamination has come to be located. 

1 
 2 

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING HRS SITE SCORE 

S S2

1. Ground Water Migration Pathway Score (Sgw) 

(from Table 3-1, line 13) 100 10,000 

2a. Surface Water Overland/Flood Migration Component 

 (from Table 4-1, line 30) 

Not 

Scored 

2b. Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Component 

 (from Table 4-25, line 28) 

Not 

Scored 

2c. Surface Water Migration Pathway Score (Ssw) 

Enter the larger of lines 2a and 2b as the pathway score. 

Not 

Scored 

3. Soil Exposure Pathway Score (Ss) 

(from Table 5-1, line 22) 

Not 

Scored 

4. Air Migration Pathway Score (Sa) 

(from Table 6-1, line 12) 

Not 

Scored 

5. Total of Sgw

2

 + Ssw2 + Ss

2

 + Sa

2 10,000 

6. HRS Site Score Divide the value on line 5 

by 4 and take the square root 50.00 
TABLE 3-1.−GROUND WATER MIGRATION PATHWAY SCORESHEET 

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned 

Likelihood of Release to an Aquifer: 

1. Observed Release: 550 550 

2. Potential to Release: 

 2a. Containment 10 Not Scored 

 2b. Net Precipitation 10 Not Scored 

 2c. Depth to Aquifer 5 Not Scored 

 2d. Travel Time 35 Not Scored 

 2e. Potential to Release [lines 2a x (2b + 2c + 2d)] 500 Not Scored 

3. Likelihood of Release (higher of lines 1 and 2e) 550 550

Waste Characteristics:

4. Toxicity/Mobility a 10,000 

5. Hazardous Waste Quantity a 100 

6. Waste Characteristics 100 32

Targets:

7. Nearest Well 50 50 

8. Population: 

 8a. Level I Concentrations b 6,280 

 8b. Level II Concentrations b Not Scored 

 8c. Potential Contamination b 2.8 

 8d. Population (lines 8a + 8b + 8c) b 6,282.80 

9. Resources 5 Not Scored 

10. Wellhead Protection Area 20 Not Scored 

11. Targets (lines 7 + 8d + 9 + 10) b 6,332.80

GROUND WATER MIGRATION SOURCE FOR AN AQUIFER

12. Aquifer Source [(lines 3 x 6 x 11)/82,500]c 100 100

GROUND WATER MIGRATION PATHWAY SCORE

13. Pathway Score (Sgw), (highest value from line 12 for all 

aquifers evaluated)c 100 100

Notes: 

a Maximum value applies to waste characteristics category b Maximum value not applicable c Do not round to nearest integer 

 3 
FIGURE 1.–SOIL SAMPLE LOCATION MAP 

 4 
FIGURE 2.–4-MILE TARGET DISTANCE MAP 

 5 
REFERENCES 

Reference 

Number Description of the Reference 

1 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Hazard Ranking System, 40 CFR Part 

300, Appendix A, 55 FR 51533. December 14, 1990. Available Online at 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/nplhrsres/index.htm. Excerpt. 1 page. [Note: A 

complete copy of the rule is available from the Region 7 Docket upon request.] 

2 EPA. Superfund Chemical Data Matrix. June 1996. Excerpt. 8 pages. [Note: A 

complete copy of SCDM is available at 

http://www.epa.gov/superfund/sites/npl/hrsres/tools/scdm.htm.] 

3 U.S. Department of Interior Geological Survey (USGS). Vienna, Missouri Quadrangle, 

Missouri, 7.5-Minute Series (topographic). 1981. 1 page. 

4 Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR). 2009. Site Inspection Report for 

Vienna Wells Site, Maries County, Missouri. March 31. Excerpt. 48 pages. 

5 MDNR. 2008. Appendix D of the MDNR Site Inspection Report (Reference 4): 

Sampling Documentation in support of the Site Inspection Report for Vienna Wells Site. 

March 2009. 278 pages. 

6 New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services (NHDES). Environmental Fact 

Sheet. 1, 2-Dichloroethene: Health Information Summary. 2005. 2 pages. 

7 EPA. 2009. Envirofacts Multisystem Database Query Results of Facilities in Near the 

Langenberg Hat Company facility. On-line Address: 

http://www.epa.gov/myenvmap/map.html. Accessed on September 10. 3 pages. 

8 Miller, D. and J. Vandike. 1997. Ground water Resources of Missouri. Missouri State 

Water Plan Series Volume II. Excerpt. 28 pages. 

9 MDNR. 2007. Missouri Environmental Geology Atlas (MEGA). Excerpt. 4 pages. 

10 MDNR. 2009. Water Resources Website. On-line address: 

http://www.dnr.mo.gov/env/wrc/index.html. September 11. 3 pages. 

11 MDNR. 2008. Appendix E of the MDNR Site Inspection Report (Reference 4): 

References for the 2008 MDNR Site Inspection Report. March 2009. 252 pages. 

12 EPA. 2009. Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS) for Maries County, 

Missouri: 

http://oaspub.epa.gov/enviro/sdw_query_v2.get_list?wsys_name=&fac_search=fac_begi

nning&fac_county=MARIES&pop_serv=500&pop_serv=3300&pop_serv=10000&pop_

serv=100000&pop_serv=100001&sys_status=active&pop_serv=&wsys_id=&fac_state=

MO&last_fac_name=&page=1&query_results=&total_rows_found=. 

 September 21. 2 pages. 

6 
REFERENCES (Continued) 

 7 Source Characterization 

Reference 

Number Description of the Reference 

13 U.S. Census Bureau. 2009. Fact sheet for Vienna, Maries, Missouri. On-line Address: 

http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/SAFFFacts?_event=Search&geo_id=05000US29125

&_geoContext=01000US|04000US29|05000US29125&_street=&_county=Vienna+City

&_cityTown=Vienna+City&_state=04000US29&_zip=&_lang=en&_sse=on&ActiveGe

oDiv=geoSelect&_useEV=&pctxt=fph&pgsl=050&_submenuId=factsheet_1&ds_name=

DEC_2000_SAFF&_ci_nbr=null&qr_name=null®=null:null&_keyword=&_industry=

. Accessed on December 8. 2 pages. 

14 EPA. 2004. Understanding the Safe Drinking Water Act. On-line Address: 

http://www.epa.gov/safewater/sdwa/pdfs/fs_30ann_sdwa_web.pdf. June. 4 pages. 

15 EPA. 2009. Envirofacts Multisystem Database Query Results of Facilities in Near the 

Langenberg Hat Company facility. On-line Address: 

http://iaspub.epa.gov/enviro/fii_query_dtl.disp_program_facility?p_registry_id=1100144

11163. Accessed on December 28. 1 page. 

16 EPA. 1996. EPA Gas Chromatographic/Mass Spectrometric Method 8260B: Volatile 

Organic Compounds by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). December. 

86 pages. 

17 EPA. 2003. EPA Region VII Expedited RCRA Settlement Agreement (Respondent: 

Feeler Lumber Company). Signed March 2003. 13 pages. 
SITE SUMMARY 

The Vienna Wells site is located in Vienna, Maries County, Missouri. Based on the 2000 census the city 

population is 628, with an average household size of 2.11 persons. It is a small rural city with a total of 

297 housing units within an approximately 1.1 square miles area. The City of Vienna is located near the 

center of the county, and the site coordinates for the Vienna Wells site are 38°11’22.55 North latitude and 

91°56’38.97” West longitude (Ref. 3, p. 1; 13, p. 1). 

The Vienna Wells site is composed of documented releases of hazardous substances, mainly volatile 

organic compound (VOC) tetrachloroethene (PCE) into two wells associated with the local public 

drinking water supply and a source area of VOCs, mainly PCE, trichloroethene (TCE), and cis-1, 2-

dichloroethene, at the former Langenberg Hat Factory facility. The City of Vienna public drinking water 

well #3 is the primary water source for its 628 residents; well #1 is currently operating as an emergency 

standby and supplemental water supply well and well # 2 was taken out of service in 2007 due to 

aesthetic reasons. However, well #2 continues to be used to monitor the water level of the underlying 

Ozark Aquifer (Ref. 4, pp. 4, 5, 19). The residents that rely on the city’s public drinking water supply 

system are subject to Level I actual contamination, as PCE has been detected consistently in well #3, 

above one or more HRS health based benchmarks; it was detected at 6.25 micrograms per liter (μg/L or 

parts per billion [ppb]) and 5.53 μg/L on November 2008 and February 2009, respectively (Ref. 1, 

Section 3.3.2.1, 3.3.2.2; Ref. 2, p.6; Ref. 4, p. 40). 

In 2007, the Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) Public Drinking Water Branch 

requested its Hazardous Waste Program’s Superfund Section Site Assessment Unit to conduct an 

investigation to determine the source of PCE in Vienna public drinking water well # 3. Routine water 

monitoring in August 2006 revealed PCE at a level exceeding the U.S. Environmental Protection 

Agency’s (EPA) Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) for PCE of 5.0 micrograms per liter (μg/L or parts 

per billion [ppb]). Historically wells #1, #2, and #3 have been associated with the city public water 

supply. Department records showed wells #1 and #2 were sampled for volatile organic compounds 

(VOCs) on May 20, 1991 and March 22, 1993 with no VOC detections. On June 7, 1994, well #1 was 

sampled and PCE was detected at 0.9 μg/L. Well #3 was drilled in 1994 and a sample collected at the 

time showed no VOCs and it became the primary water well. As the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) 

mandates all community water systems to prepare and distribute reports about the water they provide, 

well #3 was next sampled for VOCs in March 1997 when PCE was detected at 0.5 μg/L. Quarterly 

monitoring of well #3 since 1998 has shown a trend of increasing PCE levels (Ref. 4, pp. 14-15; 14, p. 3). 

The Vienna Wells site was entered into the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and 

 8 Source Characterization 
 9 Source Characterization 

Liability Information System (CERCLIS) database on November 29, 2007. MDNR completed an 

Abbreviated Preliminary Assessment (APA) on March 28, 2007 with a recommendation for further action 

under the Superfund Program (Ref. 4, pp. 3-4). 

A suspected source of the PCE is the former hat factory, located approximately 160 yards southeast of 

well # 3. MDNR reportedly suspected that a dry-cleaning agent containing PCE may have been used to 

clean the felt used in making hats. All three wells associated with the Vienna public water supply system 

are located within one-mile radius of the suspected source area (Ref. 4, p. 3). The Langenberg Hat 

Company operated a hat factory at the site (see Figures 1 and 2) from 1952 until 1996. In 1990, the 

factory facility was transferred to Top This, Inc. (TTI) but it continued to operate under the Langenberg 

appellation. TTI manufactured ball caps until the facility closed in 1996. TTI and Langenberg dissolved 

in 1997 and 2000, respectively (Ref. 4, p. 5). The current owner of the facility uses it for storage and 

plans to use it for restoring vintage cars (Ref. 4, p. 6). 

In support of the 2009 Missouri Department of Natural Resources (MDNR) Site Inspection Report, a total 

of 22 soil samples were collected to delineate the source area at the former Langenberg Hat Factory 

facility. PCE up to 65.4 milligrams per kilograms (mg/kg), TCE up to 1.21 mg/kg, and cis-1, 

2-dichloroethene up to 0.027 mg/kg were detected in the surficial and in-depth soil samples collected 

from the source (Ref. 4, pp. 28-29, 33). 
Source Number: 1 

2.2 SOURCE CHARACTERIZATION 

2.2.1 SOURCE IDENTIFICATION 

Name of source: - Source 1 – Langenberg Contaminated Soils

Number of source: - 1 

Source Type: - Contaminated Soil 

Description and Location of Source (with reference to a map of the site): Figure 1 

The Langenberg Hat Company operated a hat factory at the site (see Figures 1 and 2) from 1952. In 

1990, the factory facility was transferred to Top This, Inc (TTI) but it continued to operate under the 

Langenberg appellation. TTI manufactured ball caps until the facility closed in 1996. TTI and 

Langenberg legally dissolved in 1997 and 2000, respectively (Ref. 4, p. 5). 

The former hat factory is located 160 yards southeast of the contaminated Vienna Well # 3 that serves an 

estimated 628 residents of Vienna, Missouri; it is suspected of improperly using dry-cleaning agents 

during its active operation. In addition, one public water supply well and 86 private wells are located 

within the 4-mile target distance limit (TDL) of the site. The 2008 MDNR SI sampling results 

documented the presence of PCE, TCE, and cis -1, 2-dichloroethene in Source 1 located at the facility 

property. Source 1 constitutes contaminated soil locations depicted in Figure 1. MDNR determined the 

source of contamination in the Vienna area is the former Langenberg Hat Factory, which manufactured 

hats until 1996; during its operational period solvents were used to maintain the machinery and to clean 

fabrics used in the manufacturing process. It is believed that historical releases from the hat factory have 

impacted the groundwater, eventually migrating to the public drinking water wells that serve the city of 

Vienna, Missouri (Ref. 4, pp. 10, 13; Ref. 5, p. 5). 

MDNR conducted three sampling events at the former Langenberg Hat Company site between 

April 12, 2007 and August 26, 2008 to characterize the source. A total of 22 soil samples were submitted 

for analysis. The 2008 MDNR SI Figures 3 and 4 depict all soil sampling locations and select soil results 

with elevated levels of associated contaminants (Ref. 4, pp. 7, 28, 29). 

The 2008 MDNR SI Table 1, Appendix B, summarizes the results for the three soil sampling events used 

to document Source 1 (Ref. 4, p. 33). Each sampling event is discussed in detail in subsequent 

paragraphs: 

 10 Source Characterization 
Source Number: 1 

April 12, 2007 Sampling Event: A track-mounted GeoprobeTM was used to drill borings on the former 

hat factory property and soil-gas probes were used to screen samples for biased sampling. Because no 

volatile organic compounds (VOC) were detected by the probe, soil samples were collected at refusal, 

assumed to be the top of bedrock, from Boring 01 and Boring 07. Boring 09 served as background and 

was collected at the depth of 6.5 to 7 feet below ground surface (bgs); no VOCs were detected in the 

background sample. The samples were analyzed by the MDNR Environmental Services Laboratory 

(Ref. 4, pp. 7-8). Boring 01 was located five feet north of the main facility building (see Ref. 4, p. 28-29), 

in front of a former loading dock area. A sample was collected from Boring 01 at 10 to 11 feet bgs. PCE 

was detected in this sample at 0.198 milligram per kilogram (mg/kg or parts per million [ppm]) 

(Ref. 4, p. 8). 

April 1, 2008 Sampling Event: During this second round of sampling in support of the MDNR SI, a 

total of eight subsurface samples was collected at refusal for each boring. Samples collected at Borings 

11, 16, and 17 contained PCE. Boring 11 was placed outside of a loading dock on the north side of the 

main building; the sample collected at this location was taken from 6.5 to 7.0 feet bgs and contained PCE 

at 0.00323 mg/kg. Boring 16 was placed in a grassy field located approximately 41 yards northeast of the 

main building; the sample collected at this location was taken from 7.5 to 8.0 feet bgs and contained PCE 

at 16.3 mg/kg (Ref. 4, pp. 8, 28-29). It also contained cis -1, 2-dichloroethene, a degradation byproduct 

of PCE, at an estimated concentration of 0.00454 mg/kg (Ref. 4, pp. 8, 28-29; 6, pp. 1). Boring 17 was 

placed immediately west of the main building; the sample collected at this location was taken from 

12.5 to 13 feet bgs and contained PCE at 0.0991 mg/kg (Ref. 4, pp. 8, 28-29. 33; 5, pp. 184, 186, 223). 

August 26, 2008 Sampling Event: This final round of sampling in support of the MDNR SI focused on 

the grassy field located approximately 41 yards northeast of the main facility building. A total of eight 

soil borings were advanced (Soil Borings 19 through 26) during the event. Six of the 10 samples 

collected contained PCE at levels ranging from 0.00719 mg/kg to 65.4 mg/kg (Ref. 4, pp. 9-10, 28-29). A 

summary of select sampling data collected in support of the 2008 MDNR SI is presented in Table 1 of the 

SI report (Ref. 4, p. 33). 

2.2.2 HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SOURCE 

All Source 1 samples were collected at the facility property (see Figure 1). PCE, TCE, and cis-1, 2 

dichloroethene were documented in Source 1 soil samples (See Table 1 below). The results presented 

from past source soil sampling activities suggest a confirmation of PCE contamination at the site (Ref. 4, 

pp. 7-9, 28-29). Based on field observations documented in the SI sampling report during soil sampling, 

 11 Source Characterization 
Source Number: 1 

background and source samples were collected from similar tight-brown and red-rocky clay (Ref. 5, p. 13, 

225). 

Background Samples

All source samples were collected at the facility property (see Figure 1) and further compared with the 

background. Boring 09 was selected as background sample; it was located at the Vienna Baseball Park, 

on the western side of Vienna. No VOCs were detected at Boring 09 (Ref. 4, pp. 8, 10, 28, 33 and 48; 5, 

pp. 13, 40, 41, and 42). Background and contaminated sample results are presented in Table 1. 

Corresponding soil sample locations are presented in Figure 3 and 4 of the 2008 MDNR SI 

(Ref. 4, pp. 28-29). 

The primary soil composition in the vicinity of the Vienna well site is the Gravois-Gatewood Complex. 

Gravois-Gatewood silt loam is composed of roughly 12 to 80 percent clay with the greater clay 

percentage at depth; residuum beneath the soil is cherty silty clay that grades into cherty silty clayey 

gravel with depth. Based on the well logs in the area, the soil and residuum range in thickness from 5 to 

25 feet beneath the site (Ref. 4, p. 11, 36; 11, pp. 6, 10, 16). A thorough review of observations made 

during field sampling indicated that all samples were collected from tight red and brown clay with some 

rock fragments; at similar depths; and using the same sampling protocol. Therefore, no noticeable 

difference in physical composition was found between the background and Source 1 samples. The 

background sample was collected in April 2007 and submitted for analysis using the same field sampling 

and analysis methods used to sample and analyze samples collected from Source 1 (Ref. 5, pp. 5, 6, 13, 

183, 222-224, 265-266). 

Contaminated Samples

The source hazardous substances are those hazardous substances documented in source soil samples 

above background levels. As discussed in Section 2.2.1 and listed in Table 1, PCE, TCE, and cis -1, 2-

dichloroethene were detected in multiple source samples collected at Source 1. 

Table 1: Laboratory Analytical Results for Soil Borings 01, 09 (Background), 

11, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22, 23, and 24

Soil Boring 

Number 

(Laboratory 

Number) 

Sample 

Depth 

(feet bgs) Date Hazardous Substance 

Hazardous 

Substance 

Concentration 

(mg/kg)* Reference 

SB01 

(0700117) 

10 to 11 4/12/2007 PCE 0.198 Ref. 4, pp. 

28-29, 33; 5, 

pp. 13, 36 

SB- 6.5 to 7 4/12/2007 PCE ND(<0.0025) Ref. 4, pp. 

 12 Source Characterization 
Source Number: 1 

Table 1: Laboratory Analytical Results for Soil Borings 01, 09 (Background), 

11, 16, 17, 19, 20, 22, 23, and 24

Soil Boring 

Number 

(Laboratory 

Number) 

Sample 

Depth 

(feet bgs) Date Hazardous Substance 

Hazardous 

Substance 

Concentration 

(mg/kg)* Reference 

09/Background 

(0700119) 

TCE 

cis-1,2-dichloroethene 

ND(<0.0025) 

ND(<0.0025) 

28-29, 33; 5, 

pp. 5, 7, 13, 

41-42 

SB-11 

(0801122) 

6.5 to 7 4/1/2008 PCE 0.00323 (estimate) Ref. 4, p., 28-

29, 33; 5, pp. 

184, 186, 188, 

196-198, 222 

SB-16 

(0801127) 

7.5 to 8 4/1/2008 cis-1,2-dichloroethene 

PCE 

0.00454 (estimate) 

16.3 

Ref. 4, pp. 28-

29, 33; 5, pp. 

184, 186, 190, 

210-212, 223 

SB-17 

(0801128) 

12.5 to 13 4/1/2008 PCE 0.0991 4, pp. 8, 28-29. 

33; 5, pp. 184, 

186, 190, 212-

214, 223 

SB-19 

(0808082) 

0.5 to 1 8/26/2008 PCE 0.00719 Ref. 4, p., 33; 

5, pp. 225, 

227, 229, 237-

240, 265 

SB-19 

(0808081) 

6.5 to 7.5 8/26/2008 PCE 

TCE 

2.39 

0.588 (estimate) 

Ref. 4, pp. 

28-29, 33; 5, 

pp. 225, 227, 

229, 235-237, 

265 

SB-20 

(0808083) 

0.5 to 1 8/26/2008 PCE 0.0141 Ref. 4, pp. 

28-29, 33; 5, 

pp. 225, 227, 

229, 240-242, 

265 

SB-22 

(0808086) 

8.5 to 9 8/26/2008 PCE 

TCE 

cis -1,2-dichloroethene 

0.412 

0.598 

 0.027 

Ref. 4, pp. 

28-29, 33; 5, 

pp. 225, 227, 

232, 248-250, 

266 

SB-23 

(0808088) 

9 to 9.5 8/26/2008 PCE 

TCE 

cis -1,2-dichloroethene 

65.4 

1.21 

0.018 

Ref. 4, pp. 

28-29, 33; 5, 

pp. 225, 227, 

231, 253-255, 

266 

SB-24 

(0808089) 

12 to 12.5 8/26/2008 PCE 0.00574 Ref. 4, pp. 

28-29, 33; 5, 

pp. 225, 227, 

233, 255-257, 

266 

Notes: 

 13 Source Characterization 
Source Number: 1 

* Based on the EPA Method 8260B used by the MDNR for the analysis of samples listed in Table 1, the 

Method Detection Limit (MDL) of the external standard method for PCE, TCE, and cis-1,2-dichloroethene are 

0.0026 mg/kg, 0.003 mg/kg, and 0.0027 mg/kg (Ref. 16, pp. 65-68). 

2.2.3 HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AVAILABLE TO A PATHWAY 

Table 2: Hazardous Substances Available to a Pathway 

Containment Description 

Containment 

Factor Value References

Gas release to air Not Scored NA 

Particulate release to air Not Scored NA 

The containment factor value for the ground water migration pathway was 

evaluated for Source 1. The containment factor value was determined based on the 

evidence of hazardous substance migration from Source 1 as documented in 

existing analytical evidence of hazardous substances in ground water samples from 

public wells. Source 1 has no liner. Therefore based on the evidence of a release, 

the highest ground water migration pathway containment factor value of 10 was 

assigned to Source Number 1 as specified in Table 3-2 of the HRS Rule (Ref. 1, 

Section 3.1.2.1). 

10 4, pp. 

28-29, 33 

Release via overland migration and/or flood. 10 NA 

2.2.4 HAZARDOUS WASTE QUANTITY 

2.4.2.1.1 Hazardous Constituent Quantity 

The information available is insufficient to adequately determine Tier A, as required in Section 2.4.2.1.1 

of the HRS Rule. As a result, the evaluation of Hazardous Waste Quantity proceeds to evaluate Tier B, 

hazardous wastestream quantity (Ref. 1, Section 2.4.2.1.1). 

2.4.2.1.2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity 

The information available is insufficient to adequately determine Tier B, as required in Section 2.4.2.1.2 

of the HRS Rule. As a result, the evaluation of Hazardous Waste Quantity proceeds to evaluate Tier C, 

volume (Ref. 1, Section 2.4.2.1.2). 

2.4.2.1.3 Volume 

The information available is insufficient to adequately determine Tier B, as required in Section 2.4.2.1.3 

of the HRS Rule. As a result, the evaluation of the Hazardous Waste Quantity proceeds to evaluate 

Tier D, Area (Ref. 1, Section 2.4.1.3). 

2.4.2.1.4 Area 

Soil samples were collected from Source 1, as presented in Table 1 of this documentation record and 

shown in Figures 3 and 4 of the MDNR SI report (Ref. 4, pp. 28-29). It is not known whether 

 14 Source Characterization 
Source Number: 1 

contamination in Source 1 is continuous throughout and the extent of contamination is not defined. The 

area of Source 1 is undetermined, but greater than zero (Ref. 1, Section 2.4.2.1.4). 

 Sum (ft2

): >0 

 Equation for Assigning Value (Table 2-5): Area (A)/34,000 

Area Assigned Value: >0 

 15 Source Characterization 
Source Number: 1 

 16 Source Characterization 

2.4.2.1.5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 

Highest assigned value assigned from Table 2-5: 

SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS 

Table 3: Summary of Sources Descriptions 

Containment Factor Value by Pathway 

Surface Water (SW) Air 

Source 

No. 

Source 

Hazardous 

Waste Quantity 

Value 

Source 

Hazardous 

Constituent 

Quantity 

Complete? 

(Y/N) 

Ground 

Water 

(GW) 

(Table 3-2) 

Overland/flood 

(Table 4-2) 

GW to 

SW 

(Table 

3-2) 

Gas 

(Table 

6-3) 

Particulate 

(Table 

6-9) 

1 >0 No 10 Not Scored Not 

Scored 

Not 

Scored 

Not Scored 

Description of Other Possible Sources

MDNR SI reported that the water system operator of Vienna believed there was a waste water lagoon in 

the area near Boring 16 at the former hat factory facility; however, attempts during the investigation could 

not locate it (Ref. 4, p. 8). No other possible sources were identified.
3.0 GROUND WATER MIGRATION PATHWAY 

3.0.1 GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS 

Regional Setting

Vienna is situated on a topographic high between the Gasconade River, located about 2 miles east of the 

town, and the Maries River, located about 2 miles to the west. Elevations at the town range from about 

840 feet above mean sea level (AMSL) to about 900 feet AMSL near the intersection of 8th and Mill 

Streets, about 700 feet southwest of the facility. Elevations at the site are about 840 feet AMSL 

(Ref. 3, p. 1). The topographic divide generally runs north-south through the central part of Vienna 

between Main and Mill Street. Elevations at the Maries River are about 750 feet AMSL, while elevations 

at the Gasconade River are about 620 feet AMSL (Ref. 3, p. 1). Both Rivers flow northward. The Maries 

River flows into the Osage River about 20 miles to the north of Vienna, about 5 miles south of the 

confluence of the Osage River and the Missouri River. The Gasconade River flows into the Missouri 

River about 40 miles northeast of Vienna. Regional ground water flow in the Vienna area is 

northeastward, towards the Gasconade River (Ref. 3, p.1; Ref. 9, pp. 1-3). MEGA indicates that the 

regional groundwater elevations range from about 825 feet AMSL, southwest of Vienna, to about 575 feet 

AMSL northeast of Vienna (Ref. 9, pp. 1-3). 

Regional Geology

Soils in the site area are dominantly silt loams of the Gravois-Gatewood complex. Residuum is cherty, 

silty clay that grades into cherty, silty clayey gravel (Ref. 11, p. 6). Well logs available in the Missouri 

Environmental Geology Atlas (MEGA) and the Missouri Water Resources Website for the Vienna area 

indicate that bedrock is typically encountered between about 10 and 25 feet below surface (Ref. 9, p. 1, 

Ref. 10, p. 2-3). The well log for the city of Vienna well #3 is able to represent geology for the Vienna 

area (Ref. 10, p. 3). 

17 GW - General 
Bedrock Units

The geologic column in a table format below presents a summary of the geologic units and rock 

thicknesses present in the Vienna area. 

Age Geologic Unit

Regional 

Average 

Thickness 

(Feet)

Vienna 

PW #3 

Well Log 

Thickness 

(Feet)

Approximate 

Elevation at 

Top of 

Formation as 

seen in 

Vienna PW 

#3 Well Log 

(Feet MSL) Occurrence of Unit Reference 

Recent Residuum 0-300 25 860 Overlies bedrock 

Ref. 3, p.1, Ref. 

8, pp. 6, 8; Ref. 

10, p. 3 

Jefferson City 

Dolomite 200 

Not 

identified 

in 

PW # 3 

Not identified 

in PW # 3 

Identified in several 

wells that appear to 

be located at the 

highest elevations 

along the ridge 

through Vienna. 

Ref. 8, p. 8; 

Ref. 10, p. 3 

Roubidoux 

Formation 170 65 835 

Uppermost bedrock 

at city well # 3 and 

likely at nearby 

Source 1 (only 65 

feet thick at Well # 3) 

Ref. 8, p. 8; 

Ordovician Ref. 10, p. 3 

Gasconade 

Dolomite (Upper 

and Lower 

Gasconade 

Dolomite, and 

Gunter 

Sandstone) 

320 225 770 

Underlies Vienna; 

uppermost bedrock in 

Gasconade and 

Maries River valleys, 

about 2 miles east 

and northwest of 

Vienna, respectively. 

Ref. 8, pp. 8, 

10; Ref. 10, p. 3

Eminence 

Dolomite 220 260 545 

Underlies entire area; 

only penetrated in 

city well # 3 

Ref. 8, p. 8; 

Ref. 10, p. 3 

Potosi Dolomite 200 290 285 

Underlies entire area; 

only penetrated in 

city well # 3 

Ref. 8, p. 8; 

Cambrian Ref. 10, p. 3 

St. Francois 

Confining Unit 

(Derby-Doerun 

and Davis 

Formations) 

330 105 -5 Underlies entire area Ref. 8, p. 8; 

Ref. 10, p. 3 

Notes: 

MSL Mean sea level 

18 GW - General 
The Ordovician-aged Jefferson City is the youngest bedrock unit in the Vienna area. The Jefferson City 

is typically about 200 feet thick and is predominately a fine to medium crystalline, light brown to tan, 

silty dolomite (Ref 8, p. 11). The overlying Cotter Dolomite, frequently mapped in combination with the 

Jefferson City Dolomite, is also about 200 feet thick. Remnants (20 to 45 feet) of the Jefferson City are 

reported in several well logs and appear to be associated with wells at the highest elevations along the 

ridge where Vienna is situated (Ref 9, p. 3, Ref 10, pp. 1-3). Both the Jefferson City Dolomite and the 

Cotter Dolomite Formations have an average thickness of about 200 feet and exhibit similar lithologic 

and hydrogeologic characteristics that are difficult to differentiate apart. As such, these two unit 

formations are treated as the same (or one) hydrogeologic unit (Ref. 8, p. 8, 11, 12). The underlying 

Roubidoux Formation consists of interbedded cherty dolomite, sandy dolomite, and sandstone (Ref. 8, p. 

11). Based on well logs in MEGA and the logs for the two city wells, the Roubioux Formation in Vienna 

well #3 is approximately 65 feet thick and in Vienna well #1 it is approximately 115 feet thick. (Ref. 9, p. 

1-4, Ref. 10, pp. 1-3). 

The Gasconade Dolomite underlies the Roubidoux and occurs throughout the area. It is the uppermost 

bedrock in the Gasconade and Maries River valleys to the east and northeast (Ref. 8, p. 8; Ref. 9, pp. 1-4). 

The Gasconade is the oldest Ordovician-aged unit in Missouri. It is composed of two units separated by 

large Cryptozoan algal reef zones that have been silicified to chert (Ref. 8, pp 10-11). The Gunter 

Member, a persistent sandstone unit, is present at the base of the Gasconade. The total thickness of the 

Gasconade in the Vienna area is approximately 225-285 feet (Ref. 8, p. 8; Ref. 9, p. 1-4, Ref. 10, pp. 1-3). 

Underlying the Gasconade is the Cambrian-aged Eminence dolomite. The Eminence Dolomite consists 

of gray to tan, medium- to coarsely-crystalline dolomite with minor nodular chert (Ref. 8, p .9). City well 

#3 was the only well identified in the Vienna area that penetrated the Eminence. At that location, the 

Eminence was 260 feet thick (Ref. 10, p. 3). 

The Potosi Dolomite, which underlies the Eminence, consists of brownish-gray medium- to fine-grained 

dolomite. This formation is frequently very “vuggy”, containing small cavities filled with quartz druse 

(Ref. 8, p. 9). City well #3 penetrated the Potosi. The total thickness of Potosi in this location was 290 

feet (Ref. 10, p. 3). 

Underlying the Potosi is the St. Francois Confining Unit, which consists of the Derby-Doerun Dolomite 

and Davis Formation (Ref. 8, pp. 8-9). The St. Francois Confining Unit is about 330 feet thick and 

consists of shales, siltstones and dolomites. The Derby-Doerun is an argillaceous dolomite which was 

partially penetrated in the Vienna city well #3, where 105 feet of the unit was encountered (Ref. 10, p. 3). 

19 GW - General 
The Cambrian Bonneterre formation underlies the Davis formation and is a medium to fine-grained 

dolomite that locally can be a limestone. The lower part is increasingly sandy and has a gradational 

contact with the underlying Lamotte sandstone (Ref. 8, p. 9). The Bonneterre has an average thickness of 

350 feet (Ref. 8, p. 8). The Lamotte Sandstone is the oldest sedimentary rock formation in the Salem 

Plateau (Ref 8, p. 7); however, it was predominantly deposited around the St. Francois Mountains. It is 

thin or absent in the Phelps and Crawford Counties (Ref. 8, pp. 6, 7), east of Vienna; consequently, it is 

probably not present in the Vienna area. Where present, the Lamotte is predominantly a quartzose sand, 

but grades laterally to an arkosic sandstone or conglomerate. It varies in color from light gray to dark 

brown or red. The Lamotte ranges in thickness from about 100 feet, along the margins of the St Francois 

Mountains, to over 300 feet in the western and southern parts of the Salem Plateau. The Lamotte 

unconformably overlies Precambrian basement rocks, and where it is missing, the younger Cambrian 

deposits would unconformably overlie the Precambrian (Ref. 8, pp. 7-8). According to the Vienna city 

well logs #1 and #3, neither of the wells penetrated the Cambrian Bonnetere and Lamotte Sandstone Units 

(Ref. 10, p. 2-3). 

Ground Water Migration Pathway Description

A combination of public and private wells provides drinking water for residents living in the site area. 

The city of Vienna has three public drinking water wells drawing water from the Ozark Aquifer. Only 

Wells # 1 and # 3 are currently in service, with Well # 3 serving as the primary water source and Well # 1 

serving as an emergency standby. Well # 2 was taken out of service in 2007 due to aesthetic concerns. It 

is currently used by the MDNR’s Water Resource center to monitor the water level of the Ozark Aquifer 

(Ref. 4, p. 12; Ref. 11, p. 31). 

MDNR’s Public Drinking Water Branch (PDWB) and DGLS databases contain records for four public 

wells within four miles of the Vienna Wells Site. The four wells are the three public wells associated 

with Vienna and the Maries County PWSD #1 – North well. The 2008 Census of Missouri Public Water 

Systems lists the population served by the Vienna public wells as 611 (Ref. 11, p. 85). However, the city 

water system operator provided the figure of 628 people served (Ref. 4, p. 12; 11, p. 24). Therefore, 

628 has been used for the scoring purposes of this documentation record. 

Maries County PWSD #1 North well is located 3.3 miles south of Well #3. It was drilled in 1997 to a 

depth of 1,000 feet. It draws from the Ozark Aquifer (Ref. 11, p. 252). According to the Census of 

Missouri Public Water Systems - 2008, it serves 400 people (Ref. 11, p. 86), however, the department’s 

PDWB states that in late 2008 the population served was changed to 250 (Ref. 11, p. 87). VOC samples 

20 GW - General 
are collected every three years from this well and historically have been non-detect. Figure 1 in Appendix 

A of the MDNR SI identifies the location of this well in relation to the Vienna Public Wells (Ref. 4, 

p. 26). All four wells draw from the Ozark Aquifer (Ref. 4, p. 12). 

Aquifer/Stratum Name: Ozark Aquifer

The site lies within the Salem Plateau portion of the Ozarks Plateau physiographic province. The Ozark 

Aquifer consists of a sequence of Ordovician and Upper Cambrian dolomites, cherty dolomites, and sands 

that rare typically about 800 to 1,00 feet thick (Ref. 8, p.19). In the Vienna area, about 670 feet in city 

well #1 and 865 feet in well #3 of the Ozark aquifer is present (Ref. 8, p. 8, Ref. 9, p. 1-4, Ref. 10 pp. 1-

3). The uppermost bedrock unit is the Ordovician-aged Cotter and Jefferson City Dolomite (Ref. 8, p. 11; 

Ref 10, p. 2-3). However, well logs available in the Missouri Environmental Geology Atlas (MEGA) 

indicate the Jefferson City Dolomite is only about 45 feet thick, where present, in the Vienna area (Ref. 

10, p. 2). The Ordovician Roubidoux Formation is present below the Jefferson City, and consists in the 

range of 65 to 120 feet of interbedded cherty dolomite, sandy dolomite, and sandstone (Ref. 10, pp. 2, 3). 

The Gasconade Dolomite is logged at about 225 to 300 feet thick in the area and underlies the Roubidoux 

and forms the base of the Ordovician rocks (Ref. 10, pp. 2-3). The underlying Cambrian-aged Eminence 

and Potosi are also part of the Ozark Aquifer (Ref. 8, p. 8). 

The MDNR well logs indicate that most of the older private wells were completed in the Roubidoux, 

while wells for the Courthouse and High School, located about 0.25 mile south of Source 1, were 

completed in the Gasconade. Two of the municipal wells are included in MEGA and well logs are 

available at MDNR’s Water Resources website (Ref. 10, pp. 1-3). Vienna city well # 1 is 670 feet deep. 

It cased into the Gasconade at a depth of 356 feet bgs, and is an open-hole completion in the Gasconade 

and Eminence Dolomites of the Ozark Aquifer (Ref. 10, p. 2). Vienna city well # 3 is 970 feet deep and 

was cased into the top of the Eminence at 321 feet bgs (Ref. 10, p. 3). This well penetrated about 260 feet 

of the Eminence, encountering the underlying Potosi Dolomite at 575 feet bgs, and encountered the Derby 

Doerun Dolomite at 865 feet bgs (Ref. 10, p. 3). 

The Ozark Aquifer is the most important aquifer in the Salem Plateau (Ref. 8, pp. 7-8). Water quality is 

generally good. The Roubidoux and Gasconade typically yield about 10 to 70 gallons per minute (gpm), 

while the Potosi yields 25 to 600 gpm (Ref. 8, pp.13-14). MEGA indicates that regional ground water 

generally flows east or northeast to the Gasconade River, about 1.75 miles east of the site (Ref. 3, p.1; 

Ref. 9, p. 3). The hydraulic conductivity of the Ozark Aquifer ranges from 1 X 10-4 to 1 X 10-5

centimeters per second (cm/sec) (Ref. 11, p. 7). MEGA indicates a cave density of less than 60 for 

21 GW - General 
22 GW - General 

Maries County; however, the closest sinkhole identified in MEGA is about 9 miles to the south (Ref. 9, p. 

4). The site lies within a karst setting (Ref. 11, p. 8). 

SUMMARY OF AQUIFER(S) BEING EVALUATED 

Table 4: Summary of Aquifer(s) Being Evaluated 

Aquifer 

No. Aquifer Name 

Is Aquifer 

Interconnected with 

Upper Aquifer within 

2 miles? (Y/N/NA) 

Is Aquifer Continuous 

within 4-mile TDL? 

(Y/N) 

Is Aquifer 

Karst? (Y/N)

1 Aquifer Ozark (Jefferson City 

Dolomite, Roubidoux Formation, 

Gasconade Dolomite (including 

Gunter Sandstone Member), 

Eminence Dolomite, and Potosi 

Dolomite) 

NA Y Y 

Underlying the Ozark aquifer are the Derby-Doe Run Dolomite and Davis Formation. These units have 

lower permeability and are referred to as the St. Francois confining unit. The St. Francois aquifer 

underlies these less permeable units and consists of the Bonneterre Dolomite and, where present, the 

Lamotte Sandstones (Ref. 8, p. 8). The Derby-Doerun Dolomite, encountered in the Vienna city well # 3, 

and the underlying Davis Formation form the St. Francois Confining Unit separating the Ozark Aquifer 

from the underlying St. Francois Aquifer. The underlying St. Francois Aquifer is not generally used 

where the prolific Ozark Aquifer is present (Ref. 8, p. 15). 
23 GW – Likelihood of Release 

3.1 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE 

3.1.1 OBSERVED RELEASE 

Aquifer Being Evaluated: Ozark 

Chemical Analysis

Background Concentrations: A background level for a site provides a reference point by which to 

evaluate whether or not a release of a hazardous substance or substances have occurred associated with a 

source and attributable to the site. Determining background level is necessary to establish an observed 

release (or observed contamination) by chemical analysis. When chemical analysis is used to determine 

background levels, the background and release samples must be from the same medium, in this case 

ground water, and should be similar as possible except for potential influence from the site. To establish 

an observed release for this site, contamination in Vienna Well # 3 over time extending from 1991 

through 2008 was considered. Review of current and historical data indicated Well # 3 did not contain 

PCE in 1994, but its March 1997 sampling for VOCs indicated PCE was detected at 0.5 μg/L (Ref. 4, 

p. 17; 11, pp. 30, 108-113). Follow-up sampling from November 1997 and February 1998 reported PCE 

at 0.7 μg/L and 0.8 μg/L, respectively (Ref. 11, pp. 115, 117). Subsequently, Well # 3 was required by 

MDNR’s Public Drinking Water Branch (PDWB) to begin quarterly monitoring for VOCs in 1998. As 

such, data from Well # 3 will be used to document both background and release samples. For scoring 

purposes, 0.8 μg/L will be used for background PCE. 

Table 5: Select Background Ground Water Samples 

Collected by MDNR’s Public Drinking Water Branch 

Sample ID 

Total Depth 

(below ground 

surface) 

Date 

Sampled Location Description References 

94-F440 970 feet 10/13/94 Vienna Well # 3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 108-110 

97-B841 970 feet 03/03/97 Vienna Well # 3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 112-113 

97-0629 970 feet 11/10/97 Vienna Well # 3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 114-115 

98-C485 970 feet 02/17/98 Vienna Well # 3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 116-17 
24 GW – Likelihood of Release 

Table 6: Select Background Ground Water Samples Results 

Collected by MDNR’s Public Drinking Water Branch 

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Results 

Reporting 

Limit (μg/L) References 

94-F440 PCE 

TCE 

cis-1,2-dichloroethene 

ND 

ND 

ND 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

Ref. 11, pp. 108-110 

97-B841 PCE 

TCE 

cis-1,2-dichloroethene 

0.5 

ND 

ND 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

Ref. 11, pp. 112-113 

97-0629 PCE 

TCE 

cis-1,2-dichloroethene 

0.7 

ND 

ND 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

Ref. 11, pp. 114-115 

98-C485 PCE 

TCE 

cis-1,2-dichloroethene 

0.8 

ND 

ND 

0.5 

0.5 

0.5 

Ref. 11, 116-117 

Notes: 

ND Non Detect 

μg/L micrograms per liter 

Contaminated Samples

Sampling in support of the MDNR SI included a collection of private drinking water wells in the site 

vicinity and from the Vienna public wells and water distribution system. Twenty-three private drinking 

water wells within one mile radius of the former hat factory were sampled in April 2007; however, no 

PCE was detected in the private drinking water wells (Ref. 4, pp. 13, 38). 

Recent drinking water monitoring sampling conducted by the PDWB documented PCE in the Vienna 

wells at concentrations exceeding the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) of 5.0 μg/L. Sampling 

results for Vienna well # 3 from November 2008 and February 2009 found PCE at 6.25 μg/L and 

5.53 μg/L, respectively (Ref. 4, p. 20). The MDNR SI sampling in 2007 and 2008 also detected PCE in 

the public wells. Tables 5 through 9 of the MDNR SI summarize its ground water sampling data (Ref. 4, 

pp. 37-41). Figure 3, Appendix B, of the 2009 MDNR SI report present figures of sampling locations 

(Ref. 4, p. 28). All analytical results associated with the SI and historical samplings are presented in 

Appendix E of the SI (Ref. 11, pp. 90-247). 
25 GW – Likelihood of Release 

Table 7: Contaminated Ground Water Samples 

Collected by MDNR’s Public Drinking Water Branch 

Sample ID 

Total Depth 

(below ground 

surface) 

Date 

Sampled Location Description References 

070806020-02 970 feet 09/4/07 Vienna Well # 3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 220-221 

070806020-01 970 feet 09/4/07 Vienna Well # 3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 222-223 

080727754-01 970 feet 09/03/08 Vienna Well # 3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 238-239 

081222687-02 970 feet 02/02/09 Vienna Well # 3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 246-247 

081023549-02 970 feet 11/21/08 Vienna Well # 3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 242-243 

Table 8: Contaminated Ground Water Samples Results 

Collected by MDNR’s Public Drinking Water Branch 

Sample ID 

Hazardous 

Substance Results (μg/L)

Reporting 

Limit (μg/L) References 

070806020-02 PCE 4.23 0.5 Ref. 11, pp., 220-221 

070806020-01 PCE 4.47 0.5 Ref. 11, pp., 222-223 

080727754-01 PCE 4.69 0.5 Ref. 11, pp., 238-239 

081222687-02 PCE 5.53 0.5 Ref. 11, pp., 246-247 

081023549-02 PCE 6.25 0.5 Ref. 11, pp., 242-243 
26 GW – Likelihood of Release 

Level I Sample (municipal well)

Samples 081222687-02 and 081023549-02 collected from Vienna public drinking water well # 3 and 

listed in Table 9 contained PCE at concentration above its maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 5 μg/L 

and above the PCE cancer risk screening concentration (CR) of 1.6 μg/L (Ref. 2, pp. 5-6). 

Samples 070806020-02, 070806020-01, and 080727754-01 collected from Vienna Well # 3 and listed in 

Table 9 contained PCE at concentrations above the CR of 1.6 μg/L. These samples met the observed 

release and Level I concentration criteria (Ref. 1, Table 2-3, Table 3-10, and Section 2.5). 

Municipal Well

Table 9: Municipal Well 

Laboratory 

Sample No. Analyte Results Units 

Sample 

Date Well ID References 

081023549-02 PCE 6.25 μg/L 11/21/09 Vienna PW#3 Ref. 4, p. 12; 11, pp. 24, 29, 

242-243 

070806020-02 PCE 4.23 μg/L 09/4/07 Vienna PW#3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 220-221 

070806020-01 PCE 4.47 μg/L 09/4/07 Vienna PW#3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 222-223 

080727754-01 PCE 4.69 μg/L 09/03/08 Vienna PW#3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 238-239 

081222687-02 PCE 5.53 μg/L 02/02/09 Vienna PW#3 Ref. 11, pp. 29, 246-247 
 

Attribution

PCE, TCE, and cis -1, 2-dichloroethene were documented in the contaminated soils (Source 1) at the 

former Hat factory (see analytical data evidence depicted in Tables 1 of this documentation record) 

(Ref. 4, pp. 5-10). 

Ground water samples presented in Tables 7 and 8 above contain elevated concentrations of PCE, which 

was found in Source 1 described in Section 2.2; as described in Section 2.2, Source 1 also contained PCE 

degradation products TCE and cis – 1,2-dichloroethene. Review of current and historical data indicated 

Well # 3 did not contain PCE in 1994, but its March 1997 sampling for VOCs indicated PCE was 

detected at 0.5 μg/L (Ref. 4, p. 17; 11, pp. 30, 108-113). Follow-up sampling from November 1997 and 

February 1998 reported PCE at 0.7 μg/L and 0.8 μg/L, respectively (Ref. 11, pp. 115, 117). Quarterly 

monitoring of well #3 since 1998 has shown a trend of increasing PCE levels (Ref. 4, pp. 14-15). A query 

of facilities near the former Langenberg Hat facility found no other source (Ref. 7, pp. 1-3). 

Based on the review of the EPA EnviroMapper database, no other known VOC-related manufacturing 

facilities were identified within Vienna, Missouri. The nearest Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) facility 

identified in the database is Feeler Lumber Company, which is located approximately 1,200 yards from 

the former hat manufacturing facility (Ref. 15, p. 1; Ref. 17). The other nearest TRI facility identified in 

the database is Kingsford Manufacturing Company (KMC), which is located approximately 12 miles 

east/northeast of the Langenberg Hat Company facility. Regional ground water flow in the Vienna area is 

northeastward, towards the Gasconade River (Ref. 3, pp.1, Ref. 9, pp. 1-3). Further, the most recent 10 

years of reported data for KMC does not include PCE, TCE, or cis -1, 2-dichloroethene (Ref. 7, pp. 1-2). 

Hazardous Substances Released: PCE 

Ground Water Observed Release Factor Value: 550 

3.1.2 POTENTIAL TO RELEASE 

Not Evaluated 

27 GW – Likelihood of Release 
 

3.2 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

3.2.1 TOXICITY/MOBILITY 

Table 10: Toxicity/Mobility 

Hazardous Substance 

Source 

No. 

Toxicity 

Factor 

Value 

Mobility 

Factor 

Value 

Does Haz. 

Substance 

Meet 

Observed 

Release? 

(Y/N) 

Toxicity/ 

Mobility 

(Table 3-9) Reference 

PCE 

TCE 

cis -1,2-dichloroethene 

1 100 

10,000 

100 

1 

1 

1 

Yes 

No 

No 

100 

10,000 

100 

2, pp. 5-6 

2, pp. 7-8 

2, pp. 3-4 

Toxicity/Mobility Factor Value: 10,000 

(Table 3-9) 

3.2.2 HAZARDOUS WASTE QUANTITY

Table 11: Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 

Source No. Source Type Source Hazardous Waste Quantity 

1 Contaminated Soils > 0 

The hazardous constituent quantity for Source 1 is not adequately determined. Its source HWQ is 

undetermined, but greater than zero. As specified in Reference 1, Section 2.4.2.2, a HWQ factor value of 

100 was assigned because targets in the ground water migration pathway are subject to actual 

contamination at Level I concentrations (Ref. 1, Section 2.4.2.2). 

Sum of Values: > 0 

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value: 100 

(Table 2-6) 

28 GW – Waste Characteristics 
 

29 GW – Waste Characteristics 

3.2.3 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS FACTOR CATEGORY VALUE

As specified in the HRS Rule (Ref. 1, Section 3.2.3), the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 100 

was multiplied by the highest toxicity/mobility value of 10,000 for TCE, resulting in a product of 

1,000,000 (1.0E+06). Based on this product, a waste characteristics factor value (WCFV) of 32 was 

assigned from Table 2-7 of the HRS Rule (Ref.1, Section 2.4.3.1). 

Toxicity/Mobility Factor Value: 10,000 

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value: 100 

Toxicity/Mobility Factor Value X Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value: 1,000,000 

Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value: 32 

(Table 2-7) 
 

3.3 TARGETS

3.3.1 NEAREST WELL

Well ID: Vienna Well # 3

Level of Contamination (I, II, or potential): I 

As documented in Section 3.1.1 above, there are numerous samples containing PCE at concentrations that 

both meet the observed release criteria and exceed a health-based benchmark (the MCL and/or CR). 

Therefore, in accordance with Reference 1, Section 3.3.1, Table 3-11, a nearest well factor value of 50 is 

assigned to the site. 

Nearest Well Factor Value: 50 

(Table 3-11) 

3.3.2 POPULATION

3.3.2.1 Level of Contamination 

Presented below in Section 3.3.2.2 are the numbers of people drinking from wells that have documented 

actual contamination based on hazardous substance concentrations that meet the observed release criteria 

(see Section 3.1.1 of this document). Section 3.3.2.2 presents the number of people drinking from wells 

that contain hazardous constituents above an HRS health based benchmark. 

30 GW – Targets 
 

3.3.2.2 Level I Concentrations (concentrations associated with Level I targets are presented in 

Section 3.1.1) 

The concentrations of PCE in the samples 081023549-02, 070806020-02, 070806020-01, 080727754-01, 

and 081222687-02 below are above the HRS health based benchmark used for comparison and are 

documented in Section 3.1.1. Sample 081023549-02 and 081222687-02 from Vienna public drinking 

water well # 3 and listed in Table 9 contained PCE at concentration above its maximum contaminant level 

(MCL) of 5 μg/L and above the PCE cancer risk screening concentration (CR) of 1.6 μg/L (Ref. 2, pp. 5-

6). These samples met the observed release and Level I concentration criteria (Ref. 1, Table 2-3, Table 3-

10, and Section 2.5; Ref. 11, p. 31). 

Table 12: Level I Targets 

Laboratory 

Sample No. 

 Well ID 

Population Reference 

081023549-02 

070806020-02 

070806020-01 

080727754-01 

081222687-02 

Vienna PW #3 628 Ref. 11, pp. 24, 31 

Sum of Population Served by Level I Wells: 628 

Sum of Population Served by Level I Wells x 10: 6,280.00 

Level I Concentrations Factor Value: 6,280.00 

3.3.2.3 Level II Concentrations` 

Not Scored 

Sum of Population Served by Level II Wells: 0 

Level II Concentrations Factor Value: 0 

3.3.2.4 Potential Contamination 

The number of people served per private well was determined by multiplying the average household size 

of 2.51 persons for Maries County by the number of wells (Ref. 4, p. 13; 11, p. 88). The DGLS database 

contains records of 86 domestic wells within a 4-mile radius. The domestic drinking water well on record 

nearest to the site is located approximately 0.2 mile. In addition, there were 3 private wells between 

0.25 and 0.5 mile; 4 private wells between 0.5 and 1 mile; 15 private wells between 1 and 2 miles; 

32 private wells between 2 and 3 miles; and 31 private wells between 3 and 4 miles (Ref. 11, pp. 6, 10, 

12-15). 

31 GW – Targets 
 

32 GW – Targets 

Table 13: Distance-Weighted Population For The Groundwater Pathway 

Recommended Scoring 

Distance Category 

(miles) 

Private 

Wells Population 

Distance-Weighted Population Value 

(HRS Table 3-12) 

0 to 0.25 

0.25 to 0.5 

0.5 to 1 

1 to 2 

2 to 3 

3 to 4 

1 

3 

4 

15 

32 

31 

3 

8 

10 

38 

80 

78 

4 

2 

1 

10 

7 

4 

Totals 86 217 28 

Potential Contamination (PC) Value 

= Distance-Weighted Population/10 2.8 

Sources for the table: Ref. 4, p. 13; 11, pp. 88-89 

3.3.3 RESOURCES 

Not Scored 

3.3.4 WELLHEAD PROTECTION AREA 

Not Scored: While as noted in Table 2, there is no known liner impeding release from Source 1 and the 

Vienna public supply well listed in the Safe Drinking Water Information System (SDWIS), it was not 

scored because it did not impact the overall site score (Ref. 12, pp. 1-2). 

4.0 SURFACE WATER MIGRATION PATHWAY 

Not Scored 

5.0 SOIL EXPOSURE PATHWAY 

Not Scored 

6.0 AIR MIGRATION PATHWAY

Not Scored