p. 1 

# PICK-UPDATE : 3/15/200 7 BO X O F 

# 30 Ste p 2 : FO R ASR C INTERNA L US E ONL Y 

### (PART B o

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# EP A DOCKE T ID : 102RQ-R N 1 ) Cl02RQ-RN-5-16^ ) 3 ) 102RQ-RN-5-1 8 5 ) 102RQ-RN-5-2 0 7 ) 102RQ-RN-5-2 2 9 ) 102RQ-RN-5-2 4 11 ) 102RQ-RN-5-2 6 13 ) 102RQ-RN-5-2 8 15 ) 102RQ-RN-5-3 0 17 ) 102RQ-RN-6- 1 19 ) 102RQ-RN-6- 3 21 ) 102RQ-RN-6- 5 23 ) 102RQ-RN-6- 7 25 ) 102RQ-RN-6- 9 27 ) 102RQ-RN-6-1 1 29 ) 102RQ-RN-6-1 3 31 ) 102RQ-RN-6-1 5 33 ) 102RQ-RN-6-1 7 35 ) 102RQ-RN-6-1 9 37 ) 102RQ-RN-6-2 1 39 ) 102RQ-RN-6-2 3 Ste p 3 : FO R ASR C INTERNA L US E ONL Y 

### CD : OA : / 

# 2 ) 102RQ-RN-5-1 7 4 ) 102RQ-RN-5-1 9 6 ) 102RQ-RN-5-2 1 8 ) 102RQ-RN-5-2 3 10 ) 102RQ-RN-5-2 5 12 ) 102RQ-RN-5-2 7 14 ) 102RQ-RN-5-2 9 16 ) 102RQ-RN-5-3 2 18 ) 102RQ-RN-6- 2 20 ) 102RQ-RN-6- 4 22 ) 102RQ-RN-6- 6 24 ) 102RQ-RN-6- 8 26 ) 102RQ-RN-6-1 0 28 ) 102RQ-RN-6-1 2 30 ) 102RQ-RN-6-1 4 32 ) 102RQ-RN-6-1 6 34 ) 102RQ-RN-6-1 8 36 ) 102RQ-RN-6-2 0 38 ) 102RQ-RN-6-2 2 40 ) 102RQ-RN-6-2 4

Ste p 1 : FO R ASR

C INTERNA L US E ONL Y ^ —«. Ar e ther e more document s fo r thi s Docke t i n anothe r box ? *YES//N O ) *Fil l ou t Continuatio n Shee t an d g o t o Ste p 2 ^ —-' Interna l SFUN D Bo

x Numbe r _3 6 O F _28 3 Initials/Date : LDS_/_ 3 -1 5 - 2007

_P. 2 

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### U.S
. NUCLEA R REGULATOR Y COMMISSIO N Revisio n 1 Octobe r197 7 

# REGULATOR Y GUID E

»*** * OFFIC E O F STANDARD S DEVELOPMEN T 

# /oZ&q-p/^---^'/ ^

REGULATOR

Y GUID E 1.10 9 CALCULATIO N O F ANNUA L DOSE S T O MA N FRO M ROUTIN E RELEASE S O F REACTO R EFFLUENT S FO R TH E PURPOS E O F EVALUATIN G COMPLIANC E WIT H 1 0 CF R PAR

T 50 , APPENDI X I

USNR C REGULATOR Y GUIDE S Regulator y Guide s *wtx» issue d t o describ e an d mak e availabl e t o th e publi c method s acceptabl e t o th e NR C staf f o f implementin g specifi c part s o f th e Commission' s regulations , t o delineat e technique s use d b y th e staf f i n evaluatin g specifi c problem s o r postulate d accidents , o r t o provid e guidanc e t o applicants
. Regulator y Guide s ar e no t substitute s fo r regulations , an d complianc e wit h the m i s no t required
. Method s an d solution s differen t fro m thos e se t ou t i n th e guide s wil l b e accept abl e i f the y provid e a basi s fo r th e finding s requisit e t o th e issuanc e o r continuanc e o f a permi t o r (icens e b y th e Commission
. Comment s an d sugoestion s fo r improvement s i n thes e guide s ar e encourage d a t al l times , an d guide s wil l b e revised , as appropriate , t o accommodat e comment s an d t o reflec t ne winformatio n o r experience
. Thi s guid e wa s revise d a s a reriui t o f substantiv e comment s receive d fro m th e publi c an d additiona l staf f revie w Comment s shoul d b e sen t t o th e Secretar y o f th e Commission , U 5
. Nuclea r Regu lator y Commission , Washington , O.C
. 20555 , Attentio n Docketin g an d Servic e Branch
. Th e guide s ar e issue d m th e followin g te n broa d divisions ' 1
. Powe r Reactor s 6
. 2
. Researc h an d Tes t Reactor s 7 3
. Fuel s an d Material s Facilitie s 8
. 4
. Environmenta l an d Sitin g 9
. 5
. Material s an d Plan t Protectio n 10
. Genera l Product s Transportatio n Occupationa l Healt h Antitrus t Revie w Requeit s fo r singl e cop m o f issue d guide s (whic h ma y b e reproduced ) o r lo r place men t o n a n automati c distributio n hs t (o r singl e copie s o f futur e guide s m specifi c division s shoul d b e mad e i n writin g t o th e US
. Nuclea r Regulator y Commission
. Washington , O C 20555
. Attentio n Director , Divisio n o f Documen t Control
. 

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.P. 3

TABL E O F CONTENT S

. Pag e A . INTRODUCTIO N

1.109- 1 B . DISCUSSIO N

1.109- 1 C . REGULATOR YPOSITION 1.109- 2 1 . Dose s fro

m Liqui dEffluen t Pathway s 1.109- 2
a . Potabl e Wate r 1.109- 2 b . Aquati c Food s 1.109- 2 c . Shorelin e Deposit s 1.109- 2 d . Irrigate dFood s 1.109- 3 2 . Gamm

a an dBet a Dose s fro

m Nobl e Gase s Discharge dt o th e Atmospher e 1.109- 4
a . Annua l Gamm

a Ai r Dos e fro

m Nobl e Ga s Release s fro m Free-Standin g Stack s Mor e Tha n8 0 Meter s Hig h1.109- 4 b . Annua l Gamm

a Ai r Dos e fro

m Al l Othe r Ga s Releases ; Annua l Bet a Ai r Dos e fro m Al l Nobl e Ga s Release s 1.109- 5 c . Annua l Tota l Body Dos e fro

m Nobl e Ga s Release s fro m Free-Standin g Stack s Mor e Tha n8 0 Meter s Hig h1.109- 5 d . Annua l Ski nDos e fro m Nobl e Ga s Release s fro m Free-Standin g Stack s Mor e Tha n8 0 Meter s Hig h1.109- 6 e . Annua l Tota l Body Dos e fro

m Al l Othe r Nobl e Ga s Release s 1.109- 6 f . Annua l Ski nDfcs

e fro m Al l Othe r Nobl e Ga s Release s 1.109- 6 3 . Dose s fro

m Radioiodine s andOthe r Radionuclide s Release dt o th e Atmosphere.. . 1.109- 6
a . Annua l Orga nDos e fro m Externa l Irradiatio nfro m Radionuclide s Deposite d. ont o th e Groun dSurfac e 1.109- 7 b . Annua l Orga nDos e fro m Inhalatio no f Radionuclide s i nAi r 1.109- 7 c . Annua l Orga nDos e fro m Ingestio no f Atmosphericall y Release d Radionuclide s inFoo d1.109- 7 4 . Integrate dDose s t o th e Populatio n1.109- 8 5 . Summar y

o f Staf f Positio n1.109- 8 0 . IMPLEMENTATIO N

1.109- 8
APPENDI XA , METHOD S FORCALCULATIN GDOSE S T O MA N FRO M LIQUI D EFFLUEN T PATHWAY S 1.109-1 1 1 . Generalize dEquatio nfo r Calculatin g Radiatio nDos e vi a Liqui dPathway s 1.109-1 1 a . Radionuclid e Concentratio ni nEnvironmenta l Medi a ( C ) 1.109-1 1 b . Usag e ( U) I P 1.109-1 1 c . Dos e Facto r (D,.„. ) 1.109-1 1 a ip j 2 . Equation s fo r Liqui dPathway s 1.109-1 2

. a • Potabl e Wate r 1.109-1 2 b . Aquati c Food s • . 1.109-1 2 c . Dos e fro

m Shorelin e Deposit s 1.109-1 2 d . Dos e fro

m Food s Grow

nonLandwit hContaminate dWate r 1.109-1 5
REFERENCE S FORAPPENDI XA 1.109-1 8

i1 1P. 4

TABL E O F CONTENT S (Continued ) Pag e APPENDI XB , MODEL S FO

RCALCULATINGDOSE S FRO M NOBL E GASE S DISCHARGE D T O TH E ATMOSPHER E 1.109-1 9 1 . Annua l Gamm

a Ai r Dos e fro

m Nobl e Ga s Release s fro m Free-Standin g Stack s Mor e Tha n8 0 Meter s High1.109-1 9 2 . Annua l Gamm

a Ai r Dos e fro

m Al l Othe r Nobl e Ga s Release s an dAnnua l Bet a Ai r Dos e fro

m A l 1 Nob l e Ga s Re l ease s 1.109-2 0 3 . Annua l Tota l Bod

y an dSki nDose s fro

m Nobl e Ga s Effluent s 1.109-2 0
a . Release s fro

m Free-Standin g Stack s Mor e Tha n8 0 Meter s High1.109-2 0 b . Al l Othe r Release s 1.109-2 2 REFERENCE S FO

RAPPENDI XB 1.109-2 3 APPENDI XC , MODEL S FO

RCALCULATINGDOSE S VI A ADDITIONA L PATHWAY S FRO M RADIOIODINE S AN D OTHE RRADIONUCLIDE S DISCHARGE D T O TH E ATMOSPHER E 1.109-2 4 I. i Annua l Externa l Dos e fro m Direc t Exposur e t o Activit y Deposite donth e GroundPlan e 1.109-2 4 2 . Annua l Dos e fro

m Inhalatio no f Radionuclide s inAi r 1.109-2 5 3. , Concentration s o f Airborn e Radionuclide s inFood s 1.109-2 5
a . Parameter s fo r Calculatin g Nuclid e Concentration s inForage , Produce , andLeaf y

Vegetable s 1.109-2 5 b . Parameter s fo r Calculatin g Nuclid e Concentration s inMil k 1.109-2 7 c . Parameter s fo r Calculatin g Nuclid e Concentratio ni nMea t 1.109-2 8 4 . Annua l Dos e fro

m Atmosphericall y

Release dRadionuclide s inFood s 1.109-2 8 REFERENCE S FO

RAPPENDI XC 1.109-2 9 APPENDIX ; 0 , MODEL S FO

RCALCULATINGPOPULATIO N DOSE S FRO

M NUCLEA RPOWERPLAN T EFFLUENTS . • • 1.109-3 0 1 . Genera l Expression s fo r Populatio nDos e 1.109-3 0 2 . Us e o f th e Model s 1.109-3 3
a . Population-Integrate dDose s fro m Liqui dEffluent s 1.109-3 3 b . Population-Integrate dDose s fro m Airborn e Effluent s 1.109-3 4 REFERENC E FO

RAPPENDI XD 1.109-3 5 APPENDI XE , NUMERICAL DAT A FO RTH E CALCULATIO N

O F ANNUAL DOSE S T O MA N FRO M ROUTIN E RELEASE S O F REACTO REFFLUENT S 1.109-3 6 1 . Environmenta l Dat a 1.109-3 6 2 . Huma nDat a 1.109-3 6 3 . Dos e Factor s 1.109-3 6 4 . Othe r Parameter s 1.109-4 3 REFERENCE S FO

RAPPENDI XE 1.109-7 0 I vP. 5

TABL E O F CONTENT S (Continued ) Pag e APPENDI XF , METHOD S FO REVALUATINGTH E I FUNCTION 1.109-7 2 1 . Derivatio no f th e I Functio n1.109-7 2 2 . Evaluatio no f th e I Functio n1.109-7 5 REFERENCE S FO

RAPPENDI XF 1.109-8 0* *

LIS T O F TABLE S

Tabl e Pag e 1 Summar y

o f Staf f Positio n- Method s o f Evaluatin g Complianc e wit h Appendi xI 1.109- 9 A- 1 Bioaccumulatio nFactor s T o B e Use d inth e Absenc e o f Site-Specifi c Dat a 1.109-1 3 A- 2 Shore-Widt hFactor s fo r Us e i nEquation s (A-5) , (A-6) , and (A-7 ) 1.109-1 5 B- l Dos e Factor s fo r Exposur e t o a Semi-Infinit e Clou d o f Nobl e Gase s 1.109-2 1 D- 1 Recommende d Value s fo r th e Transpor t Time s inth e Foo d Distributio nSyste m 1.109-3 2 E- 1 Stabl e Elemen t Transfe r Dat a 1.109-3 7 E- 2 Nuclid e Transfe r Parameter s fo r Goat' s Milk.. . ... . 1.109-3 8 E- 3 Anima l Consumptio nRate s 1.109-3 8 E- 4 Recommende d Value s fo r UT o B e Use d fo r th e Averag e Individua l i nlie u o f Sittj-Specifi c Dat a 7 7 1.109-3 9 E- 5 Recommende d Value s fo r Ua p T o B e Use d fo r th e Maximum Expose d Individua l i n lie u o f Site-Specifi c Dat a 1.109-4 0 E- 6 Externa l Dos e Factor s fo r Standin g o nContaminate d Groun d 1.109-4 1 E- 7 Inhalatio nDos e Factor s fo r Adult s 1.109-4 4 E- 8 Inhalatio nDos e Factor s fo r Teenager s 1.109-4 7 E- 9 Inhalatio nDos e Factor s fo r Childre n1.109-5 0 E-1 0 Inhalatio nDos e Factor s fo r Infant s 1.109-5 3 E-l l Ingestio nDos e Factor s fo r Adult s 1.109-5 6 E-1 2 Ingestio nDos e Factor s fo r Teenager s 1.109-5 9 E-1 3 Ingestio nDos e Factor s fo r Childre n1.109-6 2 E-1 4 Ingestio nOos e Factor s fo r Infant s 1.109-6 5 E-1 5 Recommende d Value s fo r Othe r Parameter s 1.109-6 8
LIS T O F FIGURE S
Figur e Pag e F- l Staff-Writte nCompute r Listin g '.. . 1.109-7 6
F- 2 Wamawi-Writte nCemputs r Listing . 11,11 1 >I I J • i nm : T-.I . , : • • • JI, J • I • t >•••• • • < 1.103*7 8

v iP. 7

I I

A . INTRODUCTION Appendi xI , "Numerica l Guide s fo r Desig nObjective s an dLimitin g Condition s fo r Operatio n t o Mee t th e Criterio n'A s Lo w A s I s Reasonabl y

Achievable ' fo r Radioactiv e Materia l inLight Water-Coole dNuclea r Powe r Reacto r Effluents, " t o 1 0 CF RPar t 5 0 provide s numerica l guidanc e fo r radioactiv e effluen t desig nobjective s an dtechnica l specificatio nrequirement s fo r limitin g conditionslo f operatio nfo r light-water-coole dnuclea r powe r plants . T o implemen t Appendi xI , the NR C staf f ha s develope da serie s o f guide s tha t provid e method s acceptabl e t o th e staf f fo r the calculatio no f preoperationa l estimate s o f effluen t releases , dispersio no f th e effluen t i nth e atmospher e an ddifferen t wate r bodies , an destimatio no f the associate dradiatio ndoses * t o man . Thi s guid e describe s basi c feature s o f thes e calculationa l model s an

dsuggest s parameter s fo r the estimatio no f radiatio ndose s t o ma nfro m effluen t releases . Th e method s use dherei nar e genera l approache s tha t th e NR C staf f ha s develope dfo r applicatio n i nlie uo f specifi c parameter s fo r individua l sites . Th e us e o f site-specifi c value s b y the applican t i s encouraged . However , the assumption s andmethod s use dt o obtai nthes e parameter s shoul db e full y

describe dan

ddocumented . Portion s o f thi s guid e supersed e Regulator y Guid e 1.42 , Revisio n1 , "Interi m Licensin g Polic y ona s Low

a s Practicabl e fo r Gaseou s Radioiodin e Release s fro m Light-Water-Coole dNuclea r Powe r Reactors, " whic hha s bee nwithdrawn . B . DISCUSSIO N Appendi xI t o 1 0 CF RPar t 5 0 provide s guidanc e o nthe dose s t o member s o f the genera l publi c resultin g fro

m effluen t release s tha t ma y b e considere dt o be a s lo w a s i s reasonabl y achievable . Thi s guid e describe s basi c feature s o f th e calculationa l model s andassumption s i n us e b y th e NR C staf f fo r th e estimatio no f doses . Appendi xA

o f thi s guid e describe s suggeste dmodel s an dassumption s fo r calculatin g the estimate ddose s t o ma nfro m discharge s t o the hydrosphere . Appendi xB o f thi s guid e describe s suggeste dmodel s an

dassumption s fo r calculatin g dose s fro m nobl e gase s discharge dt o th e atmos phere , andAppendi xC give s model s an dassumption s fo r estimatin g dose s fro m radioiodine s an

d othe r radionuclide s release dt o th e atmosphere . Appendi xD describe s the model s an dassumption s fo r calculatin g populatio ndose s (man-re m an dman-thyroid-rem ) fro m radionuclid e release s t o th e atmospher e andhydrosphere . Appendi xE present s tabula r dat a pertainin g t o tw o o r mor e o f the othe r appendices . Appendi xF provide s a discussio nof , an dderivatio nfor , th e I functio nuse d i ncomputin g gamm

a dose s fro

m elevate dnobl e ga s releases . ' ' I nprovidin g guidanc e fo r implementin g Sectio nI I o f Appendi xI , th e NR C staf f ha s mad e us e o f th e maximu

m expose dindividua l approach . I nthi s approac hth e numerica l desig nobjective s o f Sectio nI I ar e compare dt o the calculate dradiatio nexposure s t o maximu m individual s i neac ho f fou r ag e groups . Th e populatio ni s considere dt o be mad e u po f infant s ( 0 t o 1 year) , childre n( 1 t o 1 1 years) , teenager s (1 1 t o 1 7 years) , an dadult s (1 7 year s an

dolder) . Fo r the purpos e o f evaluatin g dos e commitment , the maximu m infan t i s assume dt o b e newborn , th e maximu m chil di s take nto b e 4 year s old , th e maximu

m teenage r i s take nt o b e 1 4 year s old , an dthe maximu

m adul t 1 s take nt o b e 1 7 year s old . Maximu m individual s ar e characterize da s "maximum " wit hregar dt o foo dconsumption , occupancy , an dothe r usag e o f th e regio ninthe vicinit y o f th e plan t sit e an

da s suc hrepresen t Individual s wit hhabit s representin g reasonabl e deviation s fro m th e averag e fo r th e populatio ni ngeneral . Inal l physiologica l an dmetaboli c respect s th e maximu m expose dindividual s ar e assume dt o hav e thos e characteristic s tha t represen t the average s fo r thei r correspondin g ag e grou pi nth e genera . Inthi s guide , the ter m "dose, " whe napplie dt o Individuals , i s use dinstea do f the mor e precis e ter m "dos e equivalent, " a s define db y th e Internationa l Commissio no nRadiologica l Unit s an d Measurement s (ICRU) . Whe napplie dt o th e evaluatio no f interna l depositio no f radioactivity , th e ter m "dose. " a s use dhere , include s the prospectiv e dos e componen t arisin g fro m retentio n i nth e bod

y beyondth e perio do f environmenta l exposure , i.e. , th e dos e commitment . Th e dos e commitmen t i s evaluate dove r a perio do f 5 0 years .

1.109- 1P. 8

1 I

population. . Althoug hspecifi c individual s wil l almos t certainl y displa y dietary , recreational , andothe r livin g habit s considerabl y differen t fro

m thos e suggeste dhere , an d actua l physiologica l andmetaboli c parameter s ma y vary considerably , th e NR C staf f consider s th e maximu m expose d individua l t o b e a well-define dreferenc e fo r implementatio no f Sectio nI I o f Appendi xI . Th e characterizatio no f maximu m expose dindividual s i s subjec t t o continuin g revie w b y th e NRC staff , andth e applican t i s encourage dt o us e informatio nand dat a applicabl e t o a specifi c regio no r sit e whe npossible . Wher e site-specifi c informatio nand dat a i s used , it s justificatio nshoul d b e documente dfo r th e NR C staff' s review .

i ! Since|!th e radiatio ndos e commitmen t pe r uni t intak e o f a give nradionuclid e usuall y varie s a s a functio no f age , fou r set s o f interna l dos e conversio nfactor s hav e bee ncalculated . Thes e dos e factor s ar e appropriat e fo r th e fou r differen t ag e group s define dabove . Specifically , thes e doseifactor s ar e base don continuou s intak e ove r a one-yea r environmenta l exposur e perio d an da n associate ddos e commitmen t extendin g ove r a 50-yea r perio dfro m initiatio no f intake . Th e model s andassumption s describe di n Appendice s A , B , C , and D o f thi s guid e ar e accept abl e t o th e NR C staf f fo r calculatin g dose s t o individual s and populations . I f othe r model s ar e selected , the y

shoul dinclud e th e same exposur e pathway s considere d1 n th e model s describe d1 n thi s guide . Th e assumption s andmethod s use dshoul db e full y describe danddocumented . A s discusse di n Sectio nIII.A. 2 o f Appendi xI t o 1 0 CF R Par t 50 , the applican t ma y tak e int o accoun t any

rea l phenomen a o r actua l exposur e conditions . Suc hcondition s coul dinclud e actua l value s fo r agricultura l productivity , dietar y habits , residenc e times , dos e attenuatio n b y structures , measure denvironmenta l transpor t factor s (suc ha s bioaccumulatio nfactors) , o r simila r value s actuall y determine dfo r a specifi c site . Th e applican t shoul dprovid e enoug h informatio no n th e measurement s o r othe r method s use dt o deriv e thes e substitut e value s t o enabl e the

i NR C staf f t o evaluat e thei r validity . l ; C . REGULATOR YPOSITIO N Equation s ar e provide dbelow b y whic hth e NR C staf f wil l estimat e radiatio nexposur e fo r maximum individual s and th e populatio nwithi n5 0 miles . Thes e equation s ar e appropriat e fo r th e exposur e pathway s tha t th e staf f routinel y consider s i n it s evaluations . I n addition , othe r exposur e pathway s tha t ma y aris e du e t o uniqu e condition s a t a specifi c sit e shoul db e considere d i f the y ar e likel y

t o provid e a significan t contributio nt o th e tota l dose . A pathwa y i s con sidere dsignifican t i f a conservativ e evaluatio nyield s a n additiona l dos e incremen t equa l t o o r mor e tha n1 0 percen t o f th e tota l fro m al l pathway s considere dI nthi s guide . i ' • ' 1 . Dose s fro

m Liqui dEffluen t Pathway s . . Th e NR C staf f wil l calculat e radiatio ndose s fro m potabl e water , aquati c food , shorelin e deposits , an

d irrigate dfoo dpathway s b y usin g th e followin g equations , whic har e describe di n detai l i n Appendi xA

o f thi s guide . a . Potabl e Wate r 

### "apj 31100 

### ^ { Q. D 

### .-1 P 

### J«P<-*l V 0 )
b
. Aquati c Foods

R ap j = ll00 ^| Q i B 1p D a1pJ exp(

- X i t P ) (2 ) Shorelin e Deposit s



## , ap 

## . = no.oo

o H ri 

## . rilp J R - 110,00 0 "-*££ I Q 1 T i D a . [exp(-A.t p )][ l - exp(-X.t b ) ] (3 )

1.109- 2I I P. 9

Irrigate d Food s Fo r al l radionuclide s excep t tritium : r[ l - exp(-A E 1 t e ) ] fjB^ l - exp(->..t b ) ] R 

### ap j * "1? \ d 

### 1 ex 

### <><-Vh> D 

### a1p j V E I 

### Px ,

Y x c . v E i

P X

Fo r tritium :
• .animal , 'ap j "a p "v"ap j a p ap j R. = U veg C D . + ^""""' D • F.( C Q c + C , Q A )

-- - a p u v

ap j a p ap j Av v' F Aw v Aw ' (4 )

(5 )

wher e



## V i p

i v
MA w

C i v aip j

F i A



### *A w

Q i r R. ap j i s th e equilibrium bioaccumulatio nfacto r fo r nuclid e i inpathwa y p , expresse d a s th e rati o o f th e concentratio ni nbiot a (i npCi/kg ) t o th e radionuclid e concentratio ni nwate r (i npCi/liter) , i nliters/kg ; i s th e concentratio nfacto r fo r uptak e o f radionuclid e i fro m soi l b y edibl e part s o f crops , i npCi/k g (we t weight ) pe r pCi/k g dr y soil ; i s th e concentratio no f radionuclid e i i nwate r consume d b y animals , in pCi/liter ; i s th e concentratio no f radionuclid e i i nvegetation , i npCi/kg ; i s th e dos e factor , specifi c t o a give nag e grou p a , radionuclid e i , pathwa y p , an d orga nj , whic hca nb e use d t o calculat e th e radiatio ndos e fro m an intak e o f a radionuclide , i nmrem/pCi , o r fro m exposur e t o a give nconcentra tio no f a radionuclid e i nsediment , expresse d a s a rati o o f th e dos e rat e (i nmrem/hr ) and th e area1 - radionuclid e concentratio n(i npCi/m 2 ) ; 2 i s th e depositio nrat e o f nuclid e i , inpCi/ m pe r hr ; i s th e flow

rat e o f th e liqui d effluent , i nf t /sec ; i s th e fractio no f th e yea r crop s ar e irrigated , dimensionless ; i s th e stabl e elemen t transfe r coefficien t tha t relate s th e dail y intak e rat e b y a nanima l t o th e concentratio ni nanedibl e portio no f anima l product , i n pCi/lite r (milk ) pe r pCi/da y o r pCi/k g (anima l product ) pe r pCi/day ; i s th e mixin g rati o (reciproca l o f th e dilutio nfactor ) a t th e poin t o f exposur e (o r th e poin t o f withdrawa l o f drinkin g wate r o r poin t o f harves t o f aquati c food) , dimensionless ; 2 i s th e effectiv e "surfac e density " fo r soil , inkg(dr y soil)/ m

; i s th e consumptio nrat e o f contaminate d wate r b y a nanimal , i nliters/day ; i s th e consumptio nrat e o f contaminate d fee d o r forag e b y ananimal , in kg/da y (we t weight) ; i s th e releas e rat e o f nuclid e i , i nCi/yr ; i s th e fractio no f deposite d activit y retaine d o ncrops , dimensionless ; i s th e tota l annua l dos e t o orga nj o f individual s o f ag e grou p a fro m al l o f th e nuclide s i inpathwa y p , i nmrem/yr ;

1.109- 3P.1 0

t bi s th e perio do f time fo r whic hsedimen t o r soi l i s expose dt o the contaminate d water , i n hours ; t i s th e time perio dtha t crop s ar e expose dt o contaminatio ndurin g the growin g season , i n hours ; t hi s a holdu ptime tha t represent s th e time Interva l betwee nharves t an d consumptio no f th e food , i n hours ; T . i s th e radioactiv e hal f lif e o f nuclid e 1 , i n days ; t i s th e averag e transi t time require dfo r nuclide s t o reac hth e poin t o f pexposure . Fo r interna l dose , t i s th e tota l time elapse dbetwee nreleas e o f th e nuclide s and ingestio no f foo do r water , i n hours ; Ui s a usag e facto r tha t specifie s th e exposur e time o r intak e rat e fo r an pIndividua l o f ag e grou pa associate dwit hpathwa y p , i n hr/yr , i/yr , o r kg/yr ; W i s the shorelin e widt hfactor , dimensionless ; 2 Yi s th e agricultura l productivit y (yield) , i n kg(we t weight)/ m ; . X,- . i s th e effectiv e remova l rat e constan t fo r radionuclid e i fro m crops , i n hr " , wher e x ^ = x ^ + x , x . i s th e radioactiv e deca y constant , and xi s the remova l rat e constan t fo r physica l 'os s b y weatherin g (se e Appendi xE , Tabl e E-15) ; X . i s th e radioactiv e deca y constan t o f nuclid e i , i n hr " ; 110 0 i s th e facto r t o conver t fro m (Ci/yr)/(f t /sec ) t o pCi/liter ; an d 110,00 0 i s th e facto r t o conver t fro m (C1/yr)/(ft 3 /sec ) t o pC1/lite r an d t o accoun t fo r th e proportionalit y constan t use di

n th e sedimen t radioactivit y model . Thes e equation s yiel dthe dos e rate s t o variou s organ s o f individual s fro m th e exposur e pathways!!mentione d above . Appendi xI o f 1 0 CF RPar t 5 0 require s tha t th e annua l dose s o r dos e commitment s t o th e tota l bod y o r an y orga no f an y

individua l fro

m th e su m o f th e exposur e path way s fro m liqui deffluent s associate dwit heac hreacto r shoul dno t excee d3 mrem an d 1 0 mrem , respectively . 2 . Gamm

a an d Bet a Dose s fro

m Nobl e Gase s Discharge dt o th e Atmospher e Th e NR C staf f wil l calculat e radiatio ndose s fro m nobl e gase s usin g th e followin g equation s fro m Appendi xB o f thi s guide . Atmospheri c dispersio nmodel s ar e foun di n Regulator y

Guid e 1.111 , "Methodsi ! fo r Estimatin g Atmospheri c Transpor t an d Dispersio nfo r Gaseou s Effluent s o n Routin e Releases : fro

m Light-Water-Coole dReactors. "
a . Annua l Gamm

a Ai r Dos e fro

m Nobl e Ga s Release s fro m Free-Standin g Stack s Mor e Tha n 8 0 Meter s Hfg F

26 0

wher e 

### Y(r,0) 

# "^liV

n 

# 4v 

# ^ ] E



# k i(H 

# « u


# - s 

# «v E 

# k > i <Ai < 6 

# >

A . . i s th e photonyiel dfo r gamma-ra y photon s i n energ y

grou pk fro

m th e deca y o f radionuclid e 1 , i n photons/disintegration ; 0 D Y (r,'e ) i s th e annua l gamm a ai r dos e a t a distanc e r (meters ) i n the secto r a t angl e 0 , t nmrad/yr ; E . i s the energ y

o f th e kt hphoto nenerg y group , i

n MeV/photon ;

1.109- 4P.1 1

I >

f i s th e join t frequenc y o f occurrenc e o f stabilit y clas s s andwindspee d n s clas s n fo r secto r 0 , dimensionless ; I(H,u,s, o ,E . ) i s th e dimensionles s numerica l integratio nconstan t accountin g fo r th e

z distributio no f radioactivit y accordin g t o meteorologica l condition s o f wind spee d(u ) and atmospheri c stabilit y (s ) whic hinpar t determin e th e effectiv e stac k heigh t (H ) and th e vertica l plume standar ddeviatio n( o ) . In addition , I i s a functio no f the photo nenerg y £. an d i s T = T , + kT - a s formulate di n Slad e (Appendi xB , Referenc e 1) ; Q . i s the releas e rat e o f radionuclid e i , correcte dfo r deca y durin g transi t t o 

### ' m th e distanc e r unde r windspee du_ , in Ci/yr ;
ui s th e mea nwindspee do f windspee dclas s n , in m/sec ;

_e i s th e secto r widt hove r whic hatmospheri c condition s ar e averaged , i n radians ;
u (E . ) i s the ai r energ y absorptio ncoefficien t fo r th e kt hphoto nenergy group , i n a K,

m ; an d 26 0 i s th e conversio n facto r t o obtai n D Y (r,e) , i n mrad/yr , an d ha s th e unit s o f mrad-radians- m -disintegration/sec-MeV-C1
. b
. Annua l Garnn

a Ai r Dos

e fro m Al l Othe r Nobl e Ga s Releases ; Annua l Bet a Ai r Dos e fro m Al l Nobl e Ga

s Release s
D Y (r,8 ) o r D B (r,e ) = 3.1 7 x IO 4 \ Q^x/QlV.eMDF } o r DF* ) (7 )
wher e

wher e DF? , DF

? ar e th e gamm a an d bet a ai r dos

e factor s fo r a unifor m semi-infinit e clou d o f 3 radionuclid e i , i n mrad- m /pC1-yr ; D Y (r,e ) o r D (r.a ) ar e th e annua l gamm a an dbet a ai r dose s a t the distanc e r in the secto r a t angl e 0 fro

m the discharg e point , in mrad/yr ; Q . i s the releas e rat e o f the radionuclid e i , i n Ci/yr ; [x/Q ] (r.e ) i s th e annua l averag e gaseou s dispersio nfacto r (correcte dfo r radioactiv e

decay ) a t th e distanc e r i n secto r e in sec/ m (se e Regulator y

Guid e 1.111 , "Method s fo r Estimatin g Atmospheri c Transpor t an d Dispersio no f Gaseou s Effluent s i n Routin e Release s fro m Light-Water-Coole dReactors, " fo r method s t o estimat e x/Q) ; an

d 3.1 7 x1 0 i s th e numbe r o f pC i pe r C i divide db y the numbe r o f second s pe r year . c . Annua l Tota l Body Dos e fro

m Nobl e Ga s Release s fro m Free-Standin g Stack s Mor e Tha n 8 0 Meter s Hig h
0 T (r,e ) = 1.1 1 S F I

D Y (r,0)exp[-Mj(E k )t d ] (8 )

D (r,e ) i s th e annua l tota l bod y dos e a t the distanc e r i n secto r 0 , in mrem/yr ; D^(r,e ) i s the annua l gamm a ai r dos e associate dwit hthe kt hphoto nenergy grou pa t th e distanc e r i n secto r e , i n mrad/yr ;

1.109- 5I I

S r i s th e attenuatio nfacto r tha t account s fo r the dos e reductio ndu e t o 

### F shieldin g provide db y residentia l structures , dimensionless ;

wher e t . i s th e produc t o f tissu e densit y an ddept huse dt o determin e a tota l bod y 2 dose , i ng/cm

; T 2 u (E . ) i s th e tissu e energ y absorptio ncoefficient , i nc m /g ; an d c t K 1.1 1 i s th e averag e rati o o f tissu e t o ai r energ y absorptio ncoefficients . d . Annua l Ski nDos e from Nobl e Ga s Release s fro m Free-Standin g Stack s Mor e Tha n8 0 Meter s High

D s (r,0 ) = l.HS F D".(r,e ) + 3.1 7 xIO 4 \ Q 1 [ x /Q] D (r.e)DFS 1 (9 )

DFS . i s th e bet a ski ndos e facto r fo r a semi-infinit e clou do f radionuclid e i , 1 whic hinclude s th e attenuatio nb y the oute r "dead " laye r o f the skin , i n 3 mrem- m /pCi-yr ; an

d D s (r,9 ) i s th e annua l ski ndos e a t th e distanc e r insecto r 0 , inmrem/yr . Al l othe r parameter s ar e a s define dI nprecedin g paragraphs . e . Annua l Tota l Body Dos e fro

m Al l Othe r Nobl e Ga s Release s 'ol(r.e ) = S F I

x i (r,0)DFB i (10 ) wher e ^

DFB . i s th e tota l bod y dos e facto r fo r a semi-infinit e clou do f th e radionuclid e i , i 2 3 whic hinclude s th e attenuatio no f 5 g/cm o f tissue , i nmrem- m /pCi-yr ; D^fr.o ) i s th e annua l tota l bod y dos e du e t o immersio ni na semi-Infinit e clouda t th e distanc e r i nsecto r 0 , i nmrem/yr ; an d x.(' r ,0 ) i s th e annua l averag e ground-leve l concentratio no f radionuclid e i a t th e 1 3

distanc e r i nsecto r e , inpCi/ m . Al l othe r parameter s ar e a s define dabove . f . Annua l Ski nDos e fro m Al l Othe r Nobl e Ga s Release s 0 S Jr,Q) = 1.1 1 S F I

Xi (r,0)DF Y+ \ Xl (r,0)DFS . (11 ) wher e

• D*(r,0 ) i s th e annua l ski ndos e du e t o immersio ni na semi-infinit e clouda t th e

distanc e r i nsecto r 0 , i nmrem/yr . Al l othe r parameter s ar e a s define dabove . 3 . Doses 1 ,fro

m Radioiodine s andOthe r Radionuclides * Release dt o th e Atmospher e Th e NR C staf f wil l calculat e radiatio ndose s fro m radioiodine s an

dothe r radionuclide s release dt o th e atmospher e usin g th e followin g equation s fro m AppendixC o f thi s guide . * No t includin g nobl e gases .

1.109- 6P.1 3

' > l

i

a . Annua l Orga nDos e from Externa l Irradiatio nfro m Radionuclide s Deposite d ont o th e Groun d Surfac e

D G wher e J(,r,e ) = 876 0 S F I C^r.ojDFG ^ (12 )

p C(r,0 ) i s th e groun d plan e concentratio no f radionuclid e i a t distanc e r i n 2 secto r 8 , i

npCi/ m ; DFG. . i s th e ope nfiel d ground plan e dos e conversio nfacto r fo r orga nj fro m radio i j 2

nuclid e i , i nmrem- m /pCi-hr ; p D.(r,o ) i s th e annua l dos e t o th e orga nj a t locatio n(r,o) , i nmrem/yr ; J S pi s a shieldin g facto r tha t account s fo r th e dos e reductio ndu e t o shieldin g

provide d b

y residentia l structure s durin g occupancy , dimensionless ; an d 876 0 i s th e numbe r o f hour s i na year , b . Annua l Orga nDos e fro m Inhalatio no f Radionuclide s 1nAi r

wher e Dj a (r.e ) = R a I Xi (r,0)DFA i j a (13 )

A D . (r,0 ) i s th e annua l dos e t o orga nj o f anindividua l i nth e ag e grou p a a t locatio n J (r,e ) du e t o inhalation , i nmrem/yr ; / \ DFA j . i s th e inhalatio ndos e facto r fo r radionuclid e i , orga nj , and ag e grou p a , J i nmrem/pCi ; 3 R . i s th e annua l ai r intak e fo r individual s i nth e ag e grou p a , i nm /yr ; an

d a x,-(r,e ) i s th e annua l averag e concentratio no f radionuclid e i i nai r a t locatio n 3 (r,0) , i npCi/ m

. c . Annua l Orga nDos e fro m Ingestio no f Atmosphericall y Release d Radionuclide s i nFood

D° a (r,o ) - I

OFI ija [u a v f g C^(r,0 ) • l£c m (r,o ) • ujcf(r.e ) + U fl Lf.c'r(r.o) ] (14 ) wher e C*(r,e) . C m (r,0) , C-(r,0) , C.(r,G ) ar e th e concentration s o f radionuclid e i i nproduc e (non-leafy-vegetables , v ' " v fruits , and grains) , milk , leaf y vegetables , an

d meat , respectively , a t locatio n(r , 0) , i

npCi/k g o r pCi/n ; D . (r,o ) i s th e annua l dos e t o th e orga nj o f a nindividua l i nag e grou p a fro

m J a ingestio no f produce , milk , leaf y vegetables , an

d mea t a t locatio n(r,0) , i n mrem/yr ; DFI . - i s th e ingestio ndos e facto r fo r radionuclid e i , orga nj , an d ag e grou p a , 1j a i nmrem/pCi ; f , f ar e the respectiv e fraction s o f th e ingestio nrate s o f produc e an d leaf y 9 vegetable s tha t ar e produce d i nth e garde no f interest ; and

u

_ » U T > u

_ > u

_ar e th e annua l intak e (usage ) o f produce , milk , meat , an d 1-eaf y vegetables , a ' -a ' "a " " a respectively , fo r individual s i nthe ag e grou p a , i nkg/y r o r 5,/y r (equivalen t 

### t 0 

# V 1.109- 7P.1 4

4 . Integrate dDose s t o th e Populatio n Th e NR C staf f wil l calculat e integrate ddose s t o the loca l populatio nfro m al l pathway s discussedi'i nSection s Cl , 2 , an d3 . Becaus e o f th e variou s condition s unde r whic hth e equa tion s i nAppendi xD ar e used , they ar e no t presente di nthi s section . I t i s recommende dtha t Appendi xD b e rea dfo r a detaile ddiscussio no f th e staff' s models. . 5 . Summar y

o f Staf f Positio n A brie f summar y

o f th e staf f positio no nmethod s o f evaluatin g complianc e wit hthe numerica l guide s fo r desig nobjective s o f Appendi xI i s presente d1nTabl e 1 . Method s o f evaluatin g complianc e wit hth e cost-benefi t provision s o f Appendi xI ar e addresse di nRegulator y Guid e 1.110, "Cost-Benefi t Analysi s fo r Radwast e System s fo r Light-Water-Coole dNuclea r Powe r Reactors. " D . IMPLEMENTATIO N Th e purpos e o f thi s sectio ni s t o provid e Informatio nt o applicant s an dlicensee s regardin g th e NRC staff' s plan s fo r utilizin g thi s regulator y guide . Thi s guid e reflect s curren t Nuclea r Regulator y Commissio npractice . Therefore , excep t i n thos e case s i nwhic hth e licens e applican t o r license e propose s anacceptabl e alternativ e method , th e metho ddescribe dherei nfo r complyin g wit hspecifie dportion s o f th e Commission' s regulation s i s bein g andwil l continu e t o be use di nth e evaluatio no f submittal s fo r operatin g licens e o r constructio npermi t application s unti l th e guid e i s revise da s a resul t o f suggestion s fro m th e publi c o r additiona l staf f review .

1.109- 8TABL E 1 SUMMAR YO F STAF F POSITION

- METHOD S O F EVALUATIN

GCOMPLIANC E WIT H APPENDI XI

o
v O TYP E O F DOS E Liqui dEffluent s Dos e t o tota l bod

y fro m al l pathway s Dos e t o an

y orga n fro m al l pathway s Non-tritiu

m release s Gaseou s Effluents** * Gamm a dos e i nai r

Bet a dos e i nai r Dos e t o tota l bod

y o f a nindividua l

Dos e t o ski no f a n individua l APPENDI XI * DESIGN OBJECTIVE S

3 mrem/y r pe r uni t

1 0 mrem/y r pe r uni t

1 0 mrad/y r pe r uni t
2 0 mrad/y r pe r uni t 5 mrem/y r pe r uni t

1 5 mrem/y r pe r uni t RM-50- 2 DESIGN OBJECTIVES *

5 mrem/y r pe r sit e
5 mrem/y r pe r sit e
5 Ci/y r pe r uni t

1 0 mrad/y r pe r sit e
2 0 mrad/y r pe r sit e 5 mrem/y r pe r sit e

1 5 mrem/y r pe r sit e POIN T O F DOS E EVALUATION EQUATION S T O B E USE D

Locatio no f th e 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , & 5 highes t dos e offsite.* * Same a s above . 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , & 5

Locatio no f th e 6 o r 7 , a s highes t dos e offsite . appropriat e Same a s above . 7 Locatio no f th e highes t dos e offsite.* * Sam e a s above . 8 o r 10 , a s appropriat e
9 o r 11 , a s appropriat e

Se e footnote s a t en

do f table , o nfollowin g page .TABL E 1 (Continued ) SUMMAR YO F STAF F POSITIO N METHOD S O F EVALUATIN

GCOMPLIANC E WIT H APPENDI XI

_ . o I O TYP E O F DOS E

Radioiodine s andParticul a Dos e t o any

orga n fro m al l pathway s
I-l3 1 release s * Evaluate dfo r a maximu m APPENDI XI * RM-50- 2 DESIG N OBJECTIVE S DESIGN OBJECTIVES * te s Release dt o th e Atmospher e 1 5 mrem/y r pe r uni t 1 5 mrem/y r pe r sit e

- - - - 1 Ci/y r pe r uni t individual , a s describe dinSectio nB o f thi s guide . POIN T O F DOS E EVALUATION

Locatio no f th e highes t dos e offsite . EQUATION S T O B E USE D

12 , 13 , & 1 4

Evaluate da t a locatio ntha t t s anticipate dt o be occupie ddurin g plan t lifetime o r evaluate dwit hrespec t t o suc hpotentia l lan dandwate r usag e andfoo dpathway s a s coul dactuall y exis t durin g th e ter

m o f plan t operatio n ** * Calculate donl y

for nobl e gases . Evaluate da t a locatio ntha t coul db e occupie ddurin g th e ter m o f plan t operation . Dose s du e t o carbon-1 4 andtritiu m intak e fro

m terrestria l foo dchain s ar e include dinthi s category . + Evaluate da t a locatio nwher e a nexposur e pathwa y anddos e recepto r actuall y exis t a t th e time o f licensing . However , i f th e applican t determine s desig nobjective s wit hrespec t t o radioactiv e iodin e o nth e basi s o f existin g condition s andi f potentia l change s i nlan

dandwate r usag e andfoo dpathway s coul dresul t i nexposure s inexces s o f th e guidelin e value s give nabove , th e applican t shoul dprovid e reasonabl e assuranc e tha t a monitorin g andsurveillanc e program wil l b e performe dt o determine : (1 ) th e quantitie s o f radioactiv e iodin e actuall y release dt o th e atmospher e an ddeposite drelativ e t o thos e estimate di nth e determinatio no f desig nobjectives ; (2 ) whethe r change s i nlan dan dwate r usag e andfoodpathway s whic hwoul dresul t i n individua l exposure s greate r tha noriginall y estimate dhav e occurred ; an d(3 ) th e conten t o f radioactiv e iodin e infood s involve di nth e changes , i f an dwhe nthe y

occur .P.1 7

t .

APPENDI XA METHOD S FORCALCULATINGDOSE S T O MA N FRO M LIQUI D EFFLUEN T PATHWAY S
Th e equation s fo r estimatin g radiatio nexposur e t o ma nfro m fou r principa l exposur e path way s i nth e aquati c environmen t (potabl e water , aquati c foods , shorelin e deposits , an dirrigate d foods ) ar e liste di nSectio nC , "Regulator y Position, " o f thi s guide . 1 . Generalize dEquatio nfo r Calculatin g Radiatio nDos e vi a Liqui dPathway s Equatio n(A-1. ) i s th e generalize dequatio nfo r calculatin g the radiatio ndos e t o ma nvi a liqui deffluen t pathways .

wher e R aip j = SpVaip j (A

1 }

C . i s the concentratio no f nuclid e i i nthe medi a o f pathwa y p , i npC1/a , TP 2 pCi/kg , o r pCi/ m

; D 'o i i s th e dos e factor , specifi c t o ag e grou pa , radionuclid e i , pathwa y p , P J andorga nj . I t represent s th e dos e du e t o the intak e o f a radionuclide , inmrem/pCi , o r fro

m exposur e t o a give nconcentratio no f a radionuclid e i n 2 sediment , i nmre m

pe r hr/pC i pe r m

_ R. . i s th e annua l dos e t o orga nj o f anindividua l o f ag e grou pa fro m nuclid e i P J vi a pathwa y

p , i nmrem/yr ; an

d Ui s th e exposur e tim e o r intak e rat e (usage ) associate dwit hpathwa y pfo r pag e grou pa , i nhr/yr , z/y r o r kg/y r (a s appropriate) . Th e thre e factor s makin g u pEquatio n(A-1 ) ar e discusse dinth e followin g sections , mos t o f whic hwer e take ndirectl y from the WASH-125 8 repor t (Ref . 1) . (A nupdate dversio no f the portio n o f th e WASH-125 8 repor t describin g model s an dcompute r program s i s containe dinthe BNWL-1754 repor t (Ref . 2). )
a . Radionuclid e Concentratio ni nEnvironmenta l Medi a (C . ) Th e concentration s i nenvironmenta l medi a o f interes t ca nb e estimate dfro m th e mixin g rati o M , th e discharg e flow

F , th e radionuclid e releas e rat e Q^ , an dothe r term s presente din th e pathwa y

equation s tha t appea r late r i nthi s discussion . b . Usaa e (u a p ) Th e secondter

m o f Equatio n(A-1 ) i s the usag e ter m UUsag e i s expresse a a s a ap consumptio nrat e ir

i kg/y r o r liters/y r o r a s anexposur e tim e inhr/yr , a s appropriat e fo r the pathwa y an dag e grou punde r consideration . Th e NR C staf f encourage s the us e o f site-specifi c data , wheneve r possible. . Suc hdat a shoul dbe documented . Inth e absenc e o f site-specifi c data , however , the usag e value s (consumptio n rate s andexposur e times ) presente di nAppendi xE , Tabl e E-5 , ar e recommended . c . Dos e Facto r (D a j p j ) Dos e factor s fo r interna l exposur e vi a ingestio nar e provide di nAppendi xE , Table s E-ll , 12 , 13 , an

d14 . Appendi xE als o provide s furthe r discussio no f the data , models , an dassumption s used . .

Materia l deposite dfro m sedimentatio ni nanaquati c syste m represent s a fairl y

large , nearl y uniform thi nshee t o f contamination . Th e factor s fo r convertin g surfac e contaminatio n give ni npCi/ m

t o the dos e rat e a t on e mete r abov e a uniforml y contaminate dplan e have - bee n describe db

y Solda t an

dother s (Refs . 3 an

d4) . Dos e factor s fo r exposur e t o soi l sedimen t hav e I i nAppe n 1.109-1 1 2 unit s o f mrem/h r pe r pCi/ m an dar e presente di

nAppendi xE , Tabl e E-6 .P.1 8

i t •

2 . Equation s fo r Liqui dPathway s Thi s sectio ndevelop s th e equation s require dfo r th e liqui dpathwa y models . Th e principa l difference!!betwee npathway s i s th e manne r i n whic hth e radionuclid e concentration s ar e calculated . Th e dose s from

th e fou r pathway s shoul db e adde dt o determin e th e tota l dose . a . Potabl e Wate r th e annua l dos e fro

m Ingestio no f wate r i s calculate dfro m Equatio n(A-2 ) below : 

# w^^ivw^- w (A



# - 2 )

Symbol s fo r thi s equatio nwer e define dearlier , in Sectio nC l o f thi s guide .

Th e sunmatio nproces s add s th e dos e contributio nfro m eac hnuclid e t o yiel dth e tota l dos e fo r th e pathway-orga ncombinatio nselected . Th e expressio n(110 0 Q. M /F)exp(-X. t ) yield s th e concentratio no f nuclid e i a t th e tim e th e wate r i s consumed , in pC1/i . Thi s concentratio n i s th e ter

m C . i n Equatio n(A-1) . A s a minimum , th e transi t time t ma y b e se t equa l t o 1 2 hour s t o allo w

fo r radionuclid e transpor t throug hth e wate r purificatio nplan t an d th e wate r distributio nsystem

(Ref . 5) . Th e transi t tim e shoul db e increase da s appropriat e t o allo w fo r trave l fro

m th e poin t o f effluen t releas e t o th e wate r purificatio nplan t intake . Credi t ma y b e take nfjp

r radionuclid e remova l b y wate r purificatio nprocesse s usin g technique s suc ha s thos e outline d i hReferenc e 3 . 

## i f I t shoul db e note dthat , dependin g o n th e hydrologica l dispersio nmode l employed , th e mixin g ratio , M

, o r dilutio nfacto r ma y no t b e explicitl y

defined . I n thos e instance s (e.g. , buildu pof| | activit y

in a coolin g pond) , th e relativ e concentratio ni n th e mixe dstream

(compare d t o th e effiluent concentration ) ma y b e supplie da s a functio no f th e radiologica l deca y constant , wit hany potentia l effluen t recyclin g take nint o account . Suggeste dhydrologica l dispersio n model s are j presente din Regulator y Guid e 1.113 , "Estimatin g Aquati c Dispersio no f Effluent s fro m Accidenta l an

d Routin e Reacto r Release s fo r th e Purpos e o f Implementin g Appendi xI. " b . [Aquati c Food s Th e concentration s o f radionuclide s inaquati c food s ar e assume dt o b e directly.relate d t o th e concentration s o f th e nuclide s i n water . Equilibriu m ratio s betwee nth e tw o concentrations , calle dbioaccumulatio nfactor s i n thi s guide , ca n be foundi n the literatur e (Ref . 6) . Th e inclusio no f th e bioaccumulatio nfacto r B . i n Equatio n(A-2 ) yield s Equatio n(A-3) , whic hi s suitabl e fo r calculatin g th e interna l dos e fro m consumptio no f aquati c foods .

R 

### ap j = 1100 

### ^Api B 

### i P D 

### aipj ex 

### P^l V (A 

### ' 3 )
Value s o f B - ar e give ni n Tabl e A-1 ; th e othe r parameter s hav e bee npreviousl y defined . Th e j i <P methodolog y

presente din Referenc e 7 fo r th e developmen t o f site-specifi c freshwate r bioaccumula tionfactor s i s considere dt o b e acceptabl e b y th e NR C staff . Th e transi t time t ma y be se t equa l t o 2 4 hours * t o allow fo r radionuclid e deca y durin g transi t throug hth e foo dchain , a s wel l a s durin g foo dpreparation . c . ,'Dos e fro m Shorelin e Deposit s Th e calculatio no f individua l dos e fro m shorelin e deposit s I s comple xsinc e i t involve s estimatio no f sedimen t load , transport , an dconcentration s o f radionuclide s associate dwit h

• * Here , an d i n a numbe r o f othe r instances , th e NR C staf f ha s foundi t necessar y t o se t fort h guidance!a s t o a paramete r valu e in th e absenc e o f empirica l data . I n suc hinstance s judgment s hav e bee nmad e afte r considerin g value s assume db y other s an

dmode l sensitivit y

t o th e paramete r valu e i n question . In thi s particula r instance , th e tota l bod y dos e fro

m fis hingestion , fo r a typica l situation , wa s foundt o var y b y les s tha na facto r o f tw o fo r a rang e o f environmenta l transi t time s o f fro

m on e t o seve ndays .
1.109-1 2z LL I I—

«

- J 0 0 o Q

_ O Q ;•-

cn r— *J-C0CM**-C0CMC0«.O» — > —H j r - C O r - w— C O C O C M , — f —C M C O C M C O C O
. —, — O OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO O

* J O l

. —j —r o C M U l U J U l O r~r- ~ U l . U l U l U J OOO O C M • —C M
. —i n C O r - C M J — O o 0 0 r- ^ J- ^ I O ^ U J U J U J U J U J O O O O I D U J U J U J U J U J U J OOOOO O

r— ID C

M » —r— I © 

## 5 < I/I : r - n I M

O O O 

# s CMCMOCMCMCMCOCMOOJ —C M OOOOOOOOOOO O 

# s < —O j — O O O OOOOO O U l U l U J U J U J O ( O » . O l o J1 1 J* t J I. J J. ,

i n o o o U l U l U J o o o a j J O

• o c

O J

- C oooooooooom o i n C O
. —

i —I O C M r

—-0 0 CMCMCMCO. —. —CO. —r— r— mt r— C M , — i n o o

CM n -

o o .

I - ra

S E z i n u i , —n C M r t c o *

ooooo o U J U J u i u i O r- O O C O C M C M C M OOO O 

# s C M CO C M c o O C M *— OOOOOO O O C M C M r o O OOOO O *

* r o C M c o r o OOO O CO r- C M O O O

a* O l C M C M O O C M O o o o C M O l CO C M r— ~t r— co o o o

C O <
—• —r— r » o o o o

I O r— r— i n C O O r

—O O c o m i n r

— OOO O O O O

•—COCMinCMCMCMf —C M OOOOOOOO O
o o> U l U l U l U l U l U J •ooooo o o o
> — . — C M Tl- r— I O r— r — mt^flr

— r-tD-tr

— r— r— , — C M , — C O O >

— O • —

f — C O r oooooooooooooooooo o oo o U l U l U l i n C M o cjooincoooinoooi n •O-CMCOCMCOCO. —•—r — r— Tj - . — O O

C M T t i n o

C M r— C M r —. — C U

< J c (L I S 01 < * - a > o : E o

c o i J< : o o •> - < o 4- 1 Q J a i u o 0 J c c L 0 1 9 1 J O t i - ai o i r- <t - **- I 0 1 0 1 « to

_e _ O l o

c
_ <_> o •- •

o z I M CO C_ - 0 0 z i n o < t < u i c o
_ j <_

> . 2 § J

__ . J O "* - c c C 0 1 0 1 •.-__-_ : « i o i n + J + J O J 3 1 0 J OP.2 0



### suspende danddeposite dmaterials . On e metho do f approachin g thi s problem wa s presente d1

n th e Yea r 2000 ; Study

(Ref . 3) . Base donthi s model , a nestimat e o f the radionuclid e concentratio nin shoreline;sediment s ca nb e obtaine dfro m the followin g expression :
; 

### , C . [ 1 - exp(-x.t.) ] 'is^c^*— T

. ~ < A 

### " 4 

### > wher e C . i s th e concentratio no f nuclid e i insediment , i npCi/kg ; ; C . i s th e concentratio no f nuclid e i inwate r adjacen t t o the sediment , i n 1 W 

### pCi/liter ; Ki s a nassume dtransfe r constan t fro m wate r t o sediment , i n11ters/k g pe r hr ; t . i s the lengt ho f time the sedimen t i s expose dt o the contaminate dwater , nominall y 1 5 year s (approximat e midpoin t o f facilit y operatin g life) , i

n hours ; an d X . i s th e deca y

constant * o f nuclid e i , inhours " . Inth e origina l evaluatio n o f the equation , x . wa s chose nt o b e th e radiologica l deca y constant . Th e tru e valu e shoul dinclud e a na s ye t unknow n"environmental " remova l constant . Th e valu e o f Kwa s derive dfo r severa l radionuclide s b y usin g dat a fro

m wate r an d sedimen t sample s collecte dove r a perio do f severa l year s i nth e Columbi a Rive r betwee nRichland , Washington , an

dth e rive r mout han

dinTillamoo k Bay , Oregon , 7 5 k m sout ho f th e rive r mout h (Refs . 9 an

d10) . Sinc e th e primar y us e o f th e equatio ni s t bfacilitat e estimate s o f th e exposur e rat e fro

m gamm a emitter s on e mete r abov e the sediment , a neffectiv e surfac e contamina tio nwa s estimated . Thi s surfac e contaminatio nwa s assume dt o b e containe dwithi nthe top2. 5 2 c m ( 1 in. ) o f sedimen t (wit ha mas s o f 4 0 kg/ m o f surface) . Th e dos e contributio nfro m th e radionuclide s a t depth s below 2. 5 c m wa s ignored . Th e resultin g equatio ni s S i 

### = lOOT^^W. l - exp(-X i 

### t b 

### ) ] (A-5 ) wher e 2

S . i s the "effective " surfac e contamination , i npCi/ m , tha t i s use di

n subsequen t calculations ; T . i s the radiologica l half-lif e o f nuclid e i , indays ; W i s a shore-widt hfacto r tha t describe s th e geometr y o f the exposure ; an

d 10 0 i s equa l t o [K c 

### U/kg-hr)*40(kg/m 2 

### ) * 24(hr/day)/0.693] , in */m 2 

### -day . Shore-widt hfactor s wer e derive dfro m experimenta l dat a (Ref . 11 ) an dar e summarize di

n Tabl e A-2 . The y

represen t th e fractio no f th e dos e fro m aninfinit e plan e sourc e tha t i s estimate dfo r thes e shorelin e situations .

Th e combinatio no f Equation s (A-4 ) an d(A-5 ) int o th e genera l Equatio n(A-1 ) lead s t o Equatio n(A-6 ) below

fo r calculatio no f radiatio ndos e fro m exposur e t o shorelin e sediments .

R 

### ap j = U 

### a pI

S 

### i D 

### aip j = 10 

### ° U 

### a p H

### I

SwVaipjt 1 

### " "P^i ^ <*-« > A s i nth e developmen t o f Equatio n(A-2) , the expressio n(110 0 Q ^ M /F)exp(-Xj t ) ma y

b e substitute d fo r C . . Thi s result s inth e followin g relationship :

R 

### ap j " 110 

### '° 0 0 

### -*P

- I

ViOaipj^-Vp^ 1 

### " ^(-x^) ] (A-7 )

* T 

### I f th e presenc e o f a-radionuclid e i nwate r an dsedimen t i s controlle dprimaril y b y radioactiv e equilibriu

m wit hit s paren t nuclide , the wate r concentratio nan ddeca y constan t o f the paren t shoul dbe use dinEquation s (A-4 ) and(A-5) . 1.109-1 4P.2 1

TABL E A- 2

SHORE-WIDT H FACTOR S FORUS E IN EQUATION S (A-5) , (A-6) , AN D (A-7 ) EXPOSUR E SITUATION

SHORE-WIDT H FACTOR , W Discharg e cana l ban k 0. 1 Rive r shorelin e 0. 2 Lak e shor e 0. 3 Nomina l ocea nsit e 0. 5 Tida l basi n1. 0
d . Dos e fro

m Food s Grow

no nLandwit hContaminate dWate r Th e equation s inth e followin g paragraph s ca nb e use dt o calculat e dose s fro m radio nuclide s release di nliqui deffluent s bu t appearin g incrop s o r anima l products . Separat e expression s ar e presente dfb r tritiu m becaus e o f it s uniqu e environmenta l behavior . (1 ) Vegetatio n Th e concentratio no f radioactiv e materia l invegetatio nresult s fro m depositio n ont o th e plan t foliag e an dfro m uptak e fro

m th e soi l o f activit y

deposite do

nth e ground . Th e mode l use dfo r estimatin g th e transfe r o f radionuclide s fro m irrigatio nwate r t o crop s throug h wate r deposite donleave s an duptak e "fro

m soi l wa s derive dfo r a stud y o f th e potentia l dose s t o peopl e fro

m a nuclea r powe r comple xi nth e yea r 200 0 (Ref . 3) . Th e equatio nfo r th e mode l (fo r radionuclide s excep t tritium ) i s presente dbelow inslightl y

modifie dform . Th e firs t ter m inbracket s relate s t o th e concentratio nderive dfro m direc t folia r depositio ndurin g th e growin g season . Th e secondter m relate s t o uptak e fro m soi l an dreflect s th e long-term depositio ndurin g operatio no f th e nuclea r facility . Thus , fo r a uniform release.rate , th e concentratio nC . o f radionuclid e i inth e edibl e portio no f cro p specie s v , inunit s o f pCi/kg , i s give nby :

"r[ l - exp(-x £i t e ) ] f r B 1v [ 1 - exp(-x 1 t b ) ] C = d . i v i Vv*E 1 PX i expf-x^ ) (A-8 )

wher e th e term s ar e define di nSectio nC , "Regulator y Position. " Appendi xE , Tabl e E-15 , present s suggeste dvalue s fo r th e parameter s r , Y, t , P , an dt . . Value s fo r B. y

ar e i nTabl e E-1 . Th e deppsitio nrate , d. , fro m irrigate dwate r i s define db y th e relatio n d . = C . I (wate r deposition ) (A-9 )

wher e C . i s th e concentratio no f radionuclid e i i nwate r use dfo r irrigation , i n 1 W pCi/liter , an

d 2 I i s th e averag e irrigatio nrate , i nliters/ m

/hr , durin g th e growin g season . Fo r a cow

grazin g onfres hforage , t inEquatio n(A-8 ) i s se t equa l t o 72 0 hour s (3 0 days) , th e typica l time fo r a cow t o retur nt o a particula r portio no f the grazin g sit e (Refs . 3 an

d12) . Fo r tritium , th e equatio nfo r estimatin g C , i s (se e Ref . 13) : C v = C w (A-10 )

1.109-1 5.(2 ) Anima l Product s Th e radionuclid e concentratio nin a n anima l produc t suc ha s mea t o r milk 1 s dependento nth e amoun t o f contaminate d fee d o r forag e eate nb y th e anima l and it s intak e o f contaminate d water . Th e radionuclid e concentratio ni n anima l product s C . in term s o f pC1/lite r o r pCi/kgii s proportiona l t o th e animal' s intak e o f th e radionuclid e i n fee d o r forag e (sub scrip t F ) and in wate r (subscrip t w) : •. i *>

C i A '

F 1A£ C 1F<> F + C iAw< W (A-ll )
Th e second se t o f term s i n th e bracket s i n Equatio n(A-ll ) ca n b e omitte d i f th e anima l doe s no t drin k contaminate d water . Value s fo r Q r an d Q . ar e presente d in Appendi xE , Tabl e E-3 . Value s fo r B . and F. . ar e give ni n Appendi xE , Tabl e E-1. *

(3 ) Tota l Dos e fro

m Food Grow

no n Land

i s give nby :

R = „»e g Th e tota l dos e R. fro m irrigate d food s and anima l product s (excludin g tritium )

. U ¥ C 9 7 C D . . + U anima 1 7 C, A D . ap j a p < ""i

v aip j a p 4 ''i A a i P J (A-12 )

I f value s fo r C - fro m Equatio n(A-8 ) an

d C. . fro

m Equatio n(A-ll ) ar e substitute d inEquatio n(A-12) :

R ap j " C I

d 1 exp(-A i t: h )O a1p J r[ l - exp(-x E -t e ) ] fjB. v [ l - exp(-> < t b ) ] Yxc .. . v Ei 

## n. ^ar^piA^ipj^i^^i^h ) r[ l - exp(-x E .t e ) ]

Y v*E 1

^ B i v [ l - exp(-x i t b ) ]

Px i + C iAw Q Aw | (A-13 )

wher e th e term s ar e define d i n Sectio nC , "Regulator y Position. " I t shoul d b e note d tha t th e tw o component s o f Equatio n(A-12 ) impl y tha t contribu tion s fro

m th e individua l vegetabl e and anima l product s hav e alread y bee nsummed . In actua l use , i t wiill b e necessar y t o comput e separatel y th e mil k and mea t portion s o f th e dos e du e t o anima l product s (als o applicabl e t o Equatio n(A-16)) .

Fo r tritium , th e concentratio nin anima l product s (mil k o r meat ) i s give nb y th e followin g equation :



### C 

# A = W F + 

# Sw

V (A-14 )

wher e th e term s ar e define d in Sectio nC , "Regulator y Position. " Sinc e b y Equatio n(ArlO ) C ' = C , an d sinc e fo r al l practica l purpose s C A w = C w , Equatio n(A-14 ) ca n b e restate d a s follows :

C 

## A= F 

## A C 

## W^ F + 

## < W (A-15 )

Value s fo r F. „ appea r a s F an d F , in Tabl e E-1 . i A m

t 1.109-1 6P.2 3

Similarly , th e abov

e equation s fo r tritiu m concentratio n ca n b e combine

d wit h th e genera l Equatio n (A-1) :

R
. = U veg C D •+ U anima1 C. D • ap j a p v ap j a p A ap j (A-16 )

1.109-1 7P.2 4

REFERENCE S FORAPPENDI XA

1 . "Fina l Environmenta l Statemen t Concernin g Propose dRul e Makin g Action : Numerica l Guide s fo r Desig nObjective s an dLimitin g Condition s fo r Operatio nt o Mee t the Criterio n'A s Lo w A s Practicable ' fo r Radioactiv e Materia l i nLight-Water-Coole dPowe r Reacto r Effluents, " USAE C Repor t WASH-1258 , Washington , D.C . Jul y 1973 . 2 . J . K . Solda t e t al. , "Model s an dCompute r Code s fo r Evaluatin g Environmenta l Radiatio n Doses, " USAE C Repor t BNWL-1754 , Pacifi c Northwes t Laboratories , Februar y 1974 . 3 . J . F . Fletche r an

dW . L . Dotso n(compilers) , "HERME S - A Digita l Compute r Cod e fo r Estimatin g Regiona l Radiologica l Effect s fro m th e Nuclea r Powe r Industry, " USAE C Repor t HEDL-TME-71-168 , Hanfor dEngineerin g Developmen t Laboratory , 1971 . o 4 . J . K . Soldat , "Conversio no f Surve y Mete r Reading s t o Concentratio n(uC1/ m ), " Ite m 04.3. 4 i n"Emergenc y

Radiologica l Plan s andProcedures, " K . R . Hei d (ed.) , USAE C Repor t HW-70935 , Hanfor dLaboratories , 1962 . 5 . D . H . Denham

an dJ . K . Soldat , " A

Study o f Selecte dParameter s Affectin g th e Radiatio nDos e from^Radionuclide s inDrinkin g Wate r Downstream o f th e Hanfor dProject, " Healt hPhysics , Vol . 28 , pp . 139-144 , Februar y 1975 . 6 . S . E . Thompso ne t al. , "Concentratio nFactor s o f Chemica l Element s inEdibl e Aquati c Organisms, " USAE C Repor t UCRL-50564 , Rev . 1 , Lawrenc e Radiatio nLaboratory , Octobe r 1972 . 7 . H . A ; Vanderploe g e t al. , "Bioaccumulatio nFactor s fo r Radionuclide s 1nFreshwate r Biota, " ORNL45002 , Oa k Ridge , Tenn. , Novembe r 1975 . 8 . G . G . Kilaug han

dL . R . McKay , " A

Methodolog y

fo r Calculatin g Radiatio nDose s fro m Radio activit y Release dt o th e Environment, " ORNL-4992 , Oa k Ridg e Nationa l Laboratory , Oa k Ridge , Tenn.i , Marc h1976 . 9 . J . L . Nelson , "Distributio no f Sediment s an dAssociate dRadionuclide s i nth e Columbi a Rive r below

Hanford, " p . 3.8 0 in"Hanfor dRadiologica l Science s Researc han dDevelopmen t Annua l Repor t fo r 1964, " D . W . Pearc e andJ . K . Gree n(eds.) , USAE C Repor t BNWL-36 , Pacifi c Northwes t Laboratories , 1965 . 10 . G . L . Toomb s an

dP . B . Cutle r (compilers) , "Comprehensiv e Fina l Repor t fo r th e Lowe r Columbi a Rive r Environmenta l Surve y i nOrego nJun e 5 , 196 1 - Jul y 31 , 1967, " Orego n Stat e Boar do f Health , Div . o f Sanitatio nan dEngineering , 1968 . 11 . "Handboo k o f Radiologica l Protection , Par t I : Data, " prepare db y a pane l o f the Radioactivit y Advisor y Committe e (H . J . Dunster , Chairman) , Departmen t o f Employment , Departmen t o f Healt h andSocia l Security , Ministr y o f Healt han

dSocia l Services , Norther nIreland , Numbe r SN B 11-360079-8 , He r Majesty' s Stationer y Office , London , England , 1971 . 12 . J . J . Koranda , "Agricultura l Factor s Affectin g th e Dail y Intak e o f Fres hFallou t b y Dair y Cows, " USAE C Repor t UCRL-12479 , 1965 . 13 . L . R. ! Anspaug he t al. , "Th e Dos e t o Ma nvi a Food-Chai nTransfe r Resultin g fro m Exposur e t o Tritiate dWate r Vapor, " inTritiu m (A . A . Moghiss i an

dM . W . Carter , eds.) , CONF-710809 , 1973 .

1.109-1 8P.2 5



### APPENDI XB MODEL S FO RCALCULATINGDOSE S FRO

M NOBL E GASE S DISCHARGE D T O TH E ATMOSPHER E
Th e followin g analytica l model s ar e use dfo r calculatin g dose s fro m exposur e t o nobl e gase s discharge dt o th e atmosphere . Separat e model s ar e give nfo r ai r an d tissu e dose s du e t o gamm a andbet a rays. Excep t fo r th e cas e o f nobl e ga s dose s resultin g fro m elevate dreleases , al l model s assume immersio ni na semi-infinit e cloud . 1 . Annua l Gamm

a Ai r Dose * fro

m Nobl e Ga s Release s fro

m Free-Standin g Stack s Mor e Tha n8 0 Meter s H I



### _ r



### _, Slad e (Ref . 1 ) describe s a derivatio no f equation s fo r estimatin g annua l ai r dose s fro m photo nemitter s disperse dinth e atmosphere . Th e followin g expressio ncanbe use dfo r calculatin g annua l doses :

DY 

## < r 

## ' 8 

## > " !& . I

F . \ f n 

## I u a 

## (E k 

## )E k

## KH.u...o 2 

## .E k 

## ) J Qj ^ (B-l ) Symbol s fo r thi s equatio nwer e define dearlier , in Regulator y Positio nC.2.a"b f thi s guide . A discussio nof , and derivatio nfor , th e I functio nar e presente dinAppendi xF o f thi s guide . Th e photon s ar e combine dint o energ y groups , and eac hphoto nintensit y withina grou pi s weighte db

y it s energ y

an d energy absorptio ncoefficient . Thus , th e effectiv e fractio no f disintegration s o f the nuclid e i yieldin g photon s correspondin g t o th e photo nenergy grou pk , A.. , i s determine dt o b e

A 

## k i = 

## I C A 

## mW E 

## m»/[E k 

## P a 

## (E k 

## ) ] (B-2 ) m wher e A

i s th e fractio no f the disintegration s o f nuclid e i yieldin g photon s o f energy E ; E i s th e energ y

o f th e mt hphoto nwithinth e kt henergy group , inMeV ; an

d
u a 

### (E m 

### ) i s th e energ y absorptio ncoefficien t i nai r associate dwit hth e photo n energ y E m 

### , inm " . Al l othe r parameter s ar e a s previousl y defined . Th e summatio ni s carrie dou t ove r al l photon s withi nenergy

grou pk . Dat a fo r th e photo nenergie s an d abundance s fo r mos t o f th e nobl e ga s nuclide s wer e take nfro m Referenc e 2 . Fo r radionuclide s no t containe din Referenc e 2 , dat a wer e obtaine dfro

m Referenc e 3 . Deca y durin g trave l fro

m th e poin t o f releas e t o th e recepto r i s Qj. , = Q i

### exp(-\.r/xi n



### ) (B-3 )

Th e ter m "gamm a ai r dose " refer s t o th e component s o f th e ai r dos e associate dwit hphoton s emitte ddurin g nuclea r and atomi c transformations , I.e. , gamm a an d x-rays . Annihilatio nan d bremsstrahlun g photo nradiation s ar e possibl e contributor s t o thi s componen t o f th e ai r dose .

1.109-1 9i\



### wher e Q. j i s th e initia l releas e rat e o f nuclid e i , I nCi/yr ;

r i s th e distanc e fro m th e sourc e t o th e receptor , i nm ; an d
x . I s th e deca y

constan t o f nuclid e i , 1nse c . Al l othe r parameter s ar e a s previousl y defined . 2 . Annua l Gamm

a Ai r Dos e fro

m Al l Othe r Nobl e Ga s Release s andAnnua l Bet a Ai r Dose * fro m Al l Nobl e Ga s Release s Plume s o f gaseou s effluent s ar e considere dsemi-infinit e inth e cas e o f ground-leve l nobl e ga s releases . Th e annua l averag e ground-leve l concentratio no f radionuclid e i a t locatio n(r,e ) 1 s determine dfrom

Xf.r.e ) - 3.1 7 x10 4 

### Q.[ x 

### /QJ°(r,9 ) (B-4 ) wher e Xi(i",e ) i s th e annua l averag e ground-le>'e l concentratio no f nuclid e i a t the ,

distanc e r i nth e secto r a t anqi e 8 fro m the releas e point , inpCi/ m , an d [x/Q ] (r.e ) i s th e annua l averag e gaseou s Mipersio nfacto r (correcte dfo r radioactiv e

decay ) i nth e secto r a t angl e < it the distanc e r fro

m the releas e point , i nsec/ m . (Se e Regulator y

Gu' u

### 1.11 1 fo r atmospheri c dispersio nmodels. ) Al l othe r parameter s ar e a s previousl y defined . Th e associate dannua l gamm a o r bet a ai r dos e i s the n D Y 

### (r,e ) o r D S 

### (r,e ) = [ Xi 

### (r,e)(DF } o r DF* ) (B-5 )
wher e th e term s ar e a s define dinRegulator y Positio nC.2.b . Tabl e B- l present s a tabulatio no f the dos e factor s fo r th e nobl e gase s o f interest . 3 . Annua l Tota l Bod

y an dSki nDose s fro

m Nobl e Ga s Effluent s I t i s als o necessar y

t o determin e annua l dose s t o rea l individual s inunrestricte dareas . Th e staff!compute s th e tota l bod y dos e fro m externa l radiatio na t a dept ho f 5 cm int o th e bod

y 2 an dth e ski ndos e a t a dept ho f 7 mg/c m o f tissu e (Ref . 4).* *
a . Release s fro

m Free-Standin g Stack s Mor e Tha n8 0 Meter s High Th e annua l tota l body

dos e i s compute da s follows : D T 

### (r,6 ) = 1.1 1 xS F 

### [ D Y 

### (r,9)exp[-uJ(E k 

### )t d 

### ] (B-6 )

Th e ter m "bet a ai r dose " refer s t o th e component o f th e ai r dos e associate dwit hparticl e emission s durin g nuclea r an datomi c transformations , i.e. , s+ , B- , an dconversio nelectrons . * * Se e discussio ni

nAppendi xE , Sectio n3 . 1.109-2 0P.2 7

f i

TABL E B- l

DOS E FACTOR S FOR EXPOSUR E T O A SEMI-INFINIT E CLOU D O F NOBL E GASE S
Nuclid e Kr-83 m Kr-85 m Kr-8 5 Kr-8 7 Kr-8 8 Kr-8 9 Kr-9 0 Xe-131 m Xe-133 m Xe-13 3 Xe-135 m Xe-135
. Xe-13 7 Xe-13 8 Ar-4 1

* 3 mrad- m pCi-y r

* * 3 mrem- m pCi-y r 

### ** * B-air*(DFj )
* * * 2.88E-0 4 1.97E-0 3 1.95E-0 3 1.03E-0 2 2.93E-0 3 1.06E-0 2 7.83E-0 3 1 .11E-0 3 1 .48E-0 3 1.05E-0 3 7.39E-0 4 2.46E-0 3 1.27E-0 2 4.75E-0 3 3.28E-5 3



### .

- 4 B-Skin**(DFS. )

1.46E-0 3 1.34E-0 3 9.73E-0 3 2.37E-0 3 1.01E-0 2 7.29E-0 3 4.76E-0 4 9.94E-0 4 3.06E-0 4 7.11E-0 4 1.86E-0 3 1.22E-0 2 4.13E-0 3 2.69E-0 3 Y -A1r*(DF| ) 1.93E-0 5 1.23E-0 3 1.72E-0 5 6.17E-0 3 1.52E-0 2 1.73E-0 2 1.63E-0 2 1.56E-0 4 3.27E-0 4 3.53E-0 4 3.36E-0 3 1.92E-0 3 1.51E-0 3 9.21E-0 3 9.30E-0 3 Y -Body**(DFB. ) 7.56E-0 8 1.17E-0 3 1.61E-0 5 5.92E-0 3 1.47E-0 2 1
. 66E-0 2 1.56E-0 2 9.15E-0 5 2.51E-0 4 2.94E-0 4 3.12E-0 3 1.81E-0 3 1.42E-0 3 8.83E-0 3 8.84E-0 3

2.88E-0 4 = 2.8 8 x10 "

1.109-2 1P.2 8

Symbol s fo r thi s equatio nar e define di nRegulator y

Positio nC.2. c o f thi s guide . Th e facto r S p account s fo r th e dos e reductio nprovide db y th e shieldin g effec t o f typica l residentia l structure s (se e Appendi xE , Sectio n4 andTabl e E-15) .

Th e ski ndos e ha s tw

o components , th e gamm a andbet a contributions . Th e ski ndos e rat e i s compute db

y |D s (r,0 ) = 1.1 1 xS F D Y (r,o ) + 3.1 7 xIO 4 \ Q i [ x /Q] D (r,0)DFS . (B-7 ) , 4 1 SSymbol s fo r thi s equatio nar e define din-Regulator y Positio nC.2. do f thi s guide . Th e ski nbet a dos e factor s DF S wer e determine dusin g th e deca y scheme sourc e document s cite dabov e andth e method s use di nReference s 5 , 6 , and7 . The y ar e presente dinTabl e B-l . b . Al l Othe r Release s Th e annua l tota l bod

y dos e i s compute da s follows :

D I ( r » e ) ° S F . X 1 (r,e)DFB 1 (B-8 ) Symbol s fo r thi s equatio nar e define di nRegulator y

Positio nC.2. e o f thi s guide . Th e annua l ski ndos e i s compute da s follows : to*(r.e) = 1.1 1 xS F £ X ,(r,e)DF } • J Xi (r,e)DFS . (B-9 ) Symbol s fo r thi s equatio nar e define dinRegulator y Positio nC.2. f o f thi s guide . I v

1.109-2 2P.2 9

' " > - ' k

REFERENCE S FO RAPPENDI XB

1 . "Meteorolog y

an dAtomi c Energ y

1968, " D . H . Slad e (ed.) , USAE C Repor t TID : 24190 , 1968. 2 . M . J . Martin , "Radioactiv e Atoms , Supplemen t I, " USAE C Repor t ORNL-4923 , Novembe r 1973 . 3 . M . E . Mee k andR . S . Gilbert , "Summary o f Gamm a an dBet a Energy

an dIntensit y

Data, " NEDO 12037 , 1970 . 4 . J . K . Solda t e t al. , "Th e Dosimetr y o f th e Radioactiv e Nobl e Gases, " Th e Nobl e Gase s (A . A . Moghiss i andR . E . Stanley , eds.) , ERDA-CON F 73 0 915 , U.S . Energy Researc han

d Developmen t Administration , 1975 . 5 . R . Loevinge r e t al. , i nRadiatio nDosimetr y (G . S . Hin e an

dG . L . Brownell , eds.) , Academi c Press , Ne w

York , 1956 . 6 . M . J . Berger , "Improve dPoin t Kernel s fo r Electro nandBeta-Ra y Dosimetry, " NB S Repor t NBSI R 73-107 , 1973 . 7 . M . J . Berger , "Beta-Ra y Dos e i nTissu e - Equivalen t Materia l Immerse d1 na Radioactiv e Cloud, " Healt hPhysics , Vol . 26 , pp . 1-12 , Januar y 1974 .

1.109-2 3i ' .

APPENDI XC MODEL S FO

RCALCULATINGDOSE S VI A ADDITIONA L PATHWAY S FROM RADIOIODINE S AN D OTHE RRADIONUCLIDES * DISCHARGE D T O TH E ATMOSPHER E

1 . Annua l Externa l Dos e fro m Direc t Exposur e t o Activit y Deposite donth e GroundPlan e Th e groundplan e concentratio no f radionuclid e i a t th e locatio n(r,e ) wit hrespec t t o th e releas e poin t ma y

b e determine db

y

' [1. 0 xIO 1 2 ] [6Y(r,e ) Q J cj(r.e ) = - * * - [ 1 - exp(-x.t b ) ] (C-l )

wher e

r* C"(r,e ) i s th e groun dplan e concentratio no f th e radionuclid e i i nth e secto r a t 2 angl e e a t th e distanc e r fro m th e releas e point , i npCi/ m ; Q i i s th e annua l releas e rat e o f nuclid e i t o th e atmosphere , inCi/yr ; t bi s th e time perio dove r whic hth e accumulatio ni s evaluated , whic hi s 1 5 year s (mid-poin t o f plan t operatin g life) . Thi s i s a simplifie dmetho do f approximatin g th e averag e depositio nove r th e operatin g lifetime o f th e facility ; 6ij(r,6 ) i s th e annua l averag e relativ e depositio no f effluen t specie s i a t locatio n

- 2 (r,e) , considerin g depletio no f th e plum e durin g transport , i

nm ;
x . i s th e radiologica l deca y constan t fo r nuclid e i , i nyr " ; an

d 1 2 1. 0 x1 0 i s th e numbe r o f pC i pe r Ci . Th e annua l dos e resultin g fro m direc t exposur e t o the contaminate dgroun dplane , fro m al l radionuclides , i s the n

D G (r,9 ) = 876 0 S pJ C^r.ejDFG ^ (C-2 )
wher e th e term s ar e define di nRegulator y

Positio nC.3. a o f thi s guide . Value s fo r th e ope nfiel dgroun dplan e dos e conversio nfactor s fo r th e ski nan dtota l body ar e give ninAppendixE , Tabl e E-6 . Th e annua l dos e t o al l othe r organ s i s take nt o b e equivalen t t o th e tota l bod

y dose . Th e facto r S pi s assume dt o hav e a valu e o f 0.7 , dimensionless .

Doe s no t includ e nobl e gases .

1.109-2 4P.3 1



### . / .

2. Annua l Dos e from Inhalatio no f Radionuclide s i nAi r Th e annua l averag e airborn e concentratio no f radionuclid e i a t th e locatio n(r,e ) wit hres pec t t o th e releas e poin t ma y b e determine da s

X i 

### (r,e ) = 3.1 7 x10 4 

### Q.[ x 

### /Q] D 

### (r,e ) (C-3 ) wher e Q i 

### i s th e releas e rat e o f nuclid e i t o th e atmosphere , i nCi/yr ;

x 

### .(r,e ) i s th e annua l averag e ground-leve l concentratio no f nuclid e i i nai r i n 1 

### 3

secto r 9 a t distanc e r , i npCi/ m ; D 3 [x/Q ] (r.e ) i s th e annua l averag e atmospher e dispersio nfactor , i nsec/ m (se e Regulator y Guid e 1.111) . Thi s include s depletio n(fo r radioiodine s an d particulates ) an dradioactiv e deca y

o f th e plume ; an d 4 3.1 7 x1 0 i s th e numbe r o f pCi/C i divide db y th e numbe r o f sec/yr . Th e annua l dos e associate dwit hinhalatio no f al l radionuclides , t o orga nj o f a nindividua l i nag e grou pa , i s the n

D 

### j a ( r 

### ' e ) 

### " R 

### a lx i 

### (r,e)DFA. j a 

### (C-4 ) Value s fo r DFA. . ar e give ni nAppendi xE , Table s E- 7 throug hE-10 ; value s fo r R . ar e give n

I 

### j a a i nAppendi xE , Tabl e E-5 . Al l othe r symbol s ar e a s define dearlie r i nRegulator y Positio nC.3.b . 3 . Concentration s o f Airborn e Radionuclide s i nFood s Th e concentratio no f radioactiv e materia l i nvegetatio nresult s from depositio nont o th e plan t foliag e an dfrom

uptak e o f activit y

initiall y

deposite do nth e ground . Th e mode l use dfo r estimatin g th e transfe r o f radionuclide s from th e atmospher e t o foo dproduct s i s simila r t o th e mode l develope dfo r estimatin g th e transfe r o f radionuclide s from irrigatio nwate r give ni n Appendi xA

o f thi s guide . a . Parameter s fo r Calculatin g Nuclid e Concentration s i nForage , Produce , an d Leaf y Vegetable s Fo r al l radioiodine s an d particulat e radionuclides , excep t tritium an dcarbon-14 , th e concentratio no f nuclid e i i nan do nvegetatio na t th e locatio n(r.e ) i s estimate dusin g

C*(r,e ) = d^V.e ) 

### r[ l - exp(-x E 

### . t ) ] B . [ 1 - exp(-x.t b 

### ) ]



## v v 

## x E 

## . E l e + 

## ^-w. —h xp(



## - A 

## i V (c



## - 5 )



### Se e Regulator y

Positio nC l o f thi s guid e fo r definition s o f terms . Value s fo r th e parameter s r , t , Y, P , an d t h

### ar e provide di nAppendi xE , Tabl e E-15 . Fo r th e parameter s t , Y u 

### , an d t. , differen t value s ar e give n(i nAppendi xE ) t o allo w th e us e o f Equatio n(C-5 ) fo r differen t purposes : estimatin g concentration s i nproduc e consume db y man ; i nleaf y

vegetable s consume db

y man ; i nforag e consume ddirectl y a s pastur e gras s b

y dair y cows , bee f cattle , o r goats ; an d ir

i forag e consume da s store dfee db y dair y cows , bee f cattle , o r goats .

1.109-2 5I \ ,

Th e depositio nrat e fro m th e plume i s define db y d.(r,e) = 1. 1 xl0 8 5 1 (r,e)Q 1 (C-6 ) wher e d.(r,e ) i s th e depositio nrat e o f radionuclid e i ont o groun da t locatio n(r,9) , i n 1 2

pCi/ m -hr ; 6-(r,e ) i s th e relativ e depositio no f radionuclid e i , considerin g depletio nan d

- 2 deca y in transi t t o locatio n(r,e) , in m (se e Regulator y

Guid e 1.111) ; an

d 8 1 2 1. 1 x1 0 i s th e numbe r o f pC i pe r C i (1 0 ) divide db y th e numbe r o f hour s pe r yea r (8760) . Fo r radioiodines , th e mode l consider s onl y the elementa l fractio no f th e effluent . Th e depositio nshoul db e compute donl y fo r tha t fractio no f th e effluen t tha t i s estimate d t o b e elemental ! iodine . Measurement s a t operatin g facilitie s indicat e tha t abou t hal f th e radioiodin e emissionsjlma

y b e considere dnonelementa l (Ref . 1) . Wit hthi s consideratio nincluded , Equatio n(C-6 ) fo r radioiodin e become s

d^r.e ) = 5. 5 xl0 7 « 1 (r,e)Q 1 (C-7 ) wher e Q i i s th e tota l (elementa l an d nonelemental ) radioiodin e emissio nrate . Th e retentio n facto r r fo r elementa l radioiodin e o n vegetatio nshoul d b e take na s unity , sinc e the-"experimenta l measurement s (Refs . 1 , 2 , and3 ) use dt o evaluat e thi s transfe r mechanis m consiste d o f direc t compariso no f th e gros s radioiodin e concentratio no n vegetatio nand th e concentratio ni n ai r (Refs . 4 and 5) . Fo r radioiodines , th e deposition.mode l i s base donl y on th e dr y

depositio nprocess . We t deposition' , includin g "washout " o f the organi c an d nonorgani c iodin e fractions , shoul db e con sidere da t som

e site s dependin g o

n th e meteorologica l condition s (se e Regulator y Guid e 1.111) . Fo r particulates , th e depositio nmode l consider s bot hwe t and dr y deposition . Ther e i s als o a retentio nfacto r ( r o f Equatio n(C-5) ) tha t account s fo r th e interceptio nand captur e o f th e deposited ! activit y

b y th e vegetativ e cover . A valu e o f 0. 2 i s take nfo r thi s facto r (Refs . 6 an d7) . Al l nuclide s excep t nobl e gases , tritium , carbon-14 , an d the iodine s ar e treate da s particulates . Carbbn-1 4 i s assume dt o b e release di n oxid e for

m (C O o r CO-) . Th e concentratio no f carbon-1 4 invegetatio ni s calculate db y assumin g tha t it s rati o t o th e natura l carbo ni n vegetatio ni s the sam e a s th e rati o o f carbon-1 4 t o natura l carbo ni n th e atmospher e surroundin g th e vegetatio n(se e Refs . 8 an

d 9) . Also , in th e cas e o f intermitten t releases , suc ha s fro m gaseou s wast e deca y tanks , th e paramete r p i s employe dt o accoun t fo r th e fractiona l equilibriu m rati o achieved . Th e paramete r p i s define da s th e rati o o f the tota l annua l releas e tim e (fo r C-1 4 atmospheri c releases ) t o th e tota l annua l tim e durin g whic hphotosynthesi s occur s (take nt o b e 440 0 hrs) , unde r the condition ! tha t th e valu e o f p shoul dneve r excee dunity . Fo r continuou s C-1 4 releases. , p i s take n t o b e unity . Thes e consideration s yiel dth e followin g relationship :

C* 4 (r,9 ) = 3.1 7 x10 7 pQ 14 [x/Q](r,9) . 0.11/0.1 6

= 2. 2 x 10 7 pQ u [ x /Q](r,9 ) (C-8 ) wher e C,_(r,9 ) i s th e concentratio no f carbon-1 4 i n vegetatio ngrow

na t locatio n(r.g) , i n pCi/kg ; Q, . i s th e annua l releas e rat e o f carbon-14 , i n Ci/yr ; pi s th e fractiona l equilibriu m ratio , dimensionless ; 0.1 1 i s th e fractio no f tota l plan t mas s tha t i s natura l carbon , dimensionless ;

1.109-2 63 0.1 6 i s equa l t o th e concentratio no f natura l carbo ni nth e atmosphere , i ng/ m ; and 3.1 7 x10 7 i s equa l t o (1. 0 x10 12 pCi/Ci)(1. 0 xIO 3 g/kg)/(3.1 5 x10 7 sec/yr) . Th e concentratio no f tritium invegetatio ni s calculate dfro m it s concentratio ninth e ai r surroundin g th e vegetation . Usin g th e metho ddescribe di nReferenc e 10 , th e NR C staf f derive d th e followin g equation :

C*(r,e ) = 3.1 7 x10 7 Q T [ x /Q](r,9)(0.75)(0.5/H )

= 1. 2 x10 ; Q T [ x /Q](r.9)/ H (C-9 ) wher e C»(r,9 ) i s th e concentratio no f tritiu m i nvegetatio ngrow

na t locatio n(r,e) , in 1 pCi/kg ; H i s th e absolut e humidit y o f th e atmospher e a t locatio n(r,9) , ing/ m ; Q , i s th e annua l releas e rat e o f tritium , inCi/yjr ; 0. 5 i s th e rati o o f tritiu m concentratio ninplan t wate r t o tritiu m concentratio n i natmospheri c water , dimensionless ; and 0.7 5 i s th e fractio no f tota l plan t mas s tha t i s water , dimensionless . b . Parameter s fo r Calculatin g Nuclid e Concentration s inMil k Th e radionuclid e concentratio ni nmil k i s dependen t o nth e amoun t andcontaminatio n leve l o f th e fee dconsume db y th e animal . Th e radionuclid e concentratio ninmil k i s estimate d a s

wher e

wher e C m (r,9 ) = F m C^(r,9)Q F exp(-X.t f ) (C-10 )

C 1 ?(r,e ) i s th e concentratio ninmil k o f nuclid e i , i npCi/liter ; C^(r,9 ) i s th e concentratio no f radionuclid e i inth e animal' s feed , inpCi/kg ;
F i s th e averag e fractio no f th e animal' s dail y intak e o f radionuclid e i whic h m appear s ineac hlite r o f milk , indays/lite r (se e Appendi xE , Table s E- 1 andE- 2 fo r cow

an dgoa t data , respectively ; fo r nuclide s no t liste din Tabl e E-2 , us e th e value s i nTabl e E-1) ; Q pi s th e amoun t o f fee dconsume db y the anima l pe r day , inkg/day ;
t , i s th e averag e transpor t time o f th e activit y from th e fee dint o the mil k andt o th e recepto r ( a valu e o f 2 day s i s assumed) ; an d

x i i s th e radiologica l deca y constan t o f nuclid e i , i ndays " . Th e concentratio no f radionuclid e i i nth e animal' s fee di s estimate da s Cj.r.e ) = f p f s cj(r.9 ) + ( 1 - f p )cj(r,e ) + f p ( l - f s )c}(r,e ) (C-ll )

P C(r,e ) i s th e concentratio no f radionuclid e i onpastur e gras s (calculate dusin g 1 Equatio n(C-5 ) wit ht h =0) , inpCi/kg ; C-(r,9 ) i s th e concentratio no f radionuclid e i instore dfeed s (calculate dusin g

Equatio n(C-5 ) wit ht.=9 0 days) , inpCi/kg ; 1.109-2 7f i s th e fractio no f th e yea r tha t animal s graz e onpasture ; an d f i s th e fractio no f dail y fee dtha t i s pastur e gras s whe nth e anima l graze s o npasture . I : Th e value s o f th e parameter s t . , t , Y, an dt , tha t wil l b e employe dinevaluatin g th e mil k pathway , unles s site-specifi c dat a i s supplied , ar e provide di nAppendi xE , Tabl e E-15 . c . Parameter s fo r Calculatin g Nuclid e Concentratio ninMea t A s i nth e mil k pathway , th e radionuclid e concentratio ni nmea t i s dependen t o

nth e amoun t an

dcontaminatio nleve l o f th e fee dconsume db y th e animal . Th e radionuclid e concentra tio ni nmea t i s estimate da s cj(r.e ) = F f C^(r,9)Q F exp(-x.t s ) (C-12 ) wher e C,(r,g ) i s th e concentratio no f nuclid e i inanima l flesh , inpCi/kg ; »

F , i s th e fractio no f th e animal' s dail y intak e o f nuclid e i whic happear s in eac hkilogram

o f flesh , indays/k g (se e Appendi xE , Tabl e E- 1 fo r values) ; an d t i s th e averag e time fro m slaughte r t o consumptio n(se e Appendi xE , Tabl e E-15) . Al l th e othe r symbol s ar e a s previousl y defined . Beef cattl e wil l b e assume dt o b e onope npastur e fo r th e grazin g period s outline d fo r mil k cattle . 4 . Annual , Dos e fro

m Atmosphericall y

Release dRadionuclide s inFood s Th e annua l dos e t o orga nj o f anindividua l inag e grou pa resultin g fro m ingestio no f al l radionuclide s i nproduce , milk,-meat , andleaf y vegetable s i s give nb y

D° a (r,e ) = I

DFI i j a [U^fgC^r.e ) + U m C*(r,e ) + U F C F (r,9 ) + U^cjtr.e) ] (C-13 )

wher e

D - (r.e ) i s the annua l dos e t o orga nj o f a nindividua l i

nag e grou pa fro

m dietar y J a intak e o f atmosphericall y release dradionuclides , i nmrem/yr ; DFI. . i s th e dos e conversio nfacto r fo r th e ingestio no f nuclid e i , orga nj , an d J ag e grou pa , inmrem/pC i (fro m Table s E-l l throug hE-1 4 o f Appendi xE o f thi s guide) ; and
U v , U m , U, U ^ ar e th e ingestio nrate s o f produc e (non-leaf y vegetables , fruit , an dgrains) , a milk , meat , andleaf y vegetables , respectively , fo r individual s i nag e grou pa (fro

m Tabl e E- 5 o f Appendi xE o f thi s guide) . Al l th e othe r symbol s ar e a s previousl y defined . Value s o f f an df t o b e assume dinth e absenc e o f site-specifi c informatio nar e give ni nTabl e E-1 5 o f Appendi xE a s 0.7 6 and1.0 , respectively .

1.109-2 8P.3 5

• ' \

REFERENCE S FORAPP.N'DI XC
1 . B . H . Weis s e t al. , "Detaile dMeasuremen t o f 1-13 1 inAir , Vegetatio nan dMil k Aroun d Thre e Operatin g Reacto r Sites, " NUREG-75/021 , U.S . Nuclea r Regulator y Commission , Washington , D.C , Marc h1975 . 2 . D . F . Bunc h(ed.) , "Controlle dEnvironmenta l Radioiodin e Test , Progres s Repor t Numbe r Two, " USAE C Repor t IDO-12063 , Januar y 1968 . 3 . J . D . Zimbric k andP . G . Voilleque , "Controlle dEnvironmenta l Radioiodin e Test s a t th e Nationa l Reacto r Testin g Station , Progres s Repor t Numbe r Four, " USAE C Repor t IDO-12065 , Decembe r 1968 . 13 1 4 . F . 0 . Hoffman , "Environmenta l Variable s Involve dwit hth e Estimatio no f th e Amoun t o f I i nMil k andth e Subsequen t Dos e t o th e Thyroid, " Institut e fti r Reaktorsicherheit , Cologne , Wes t Germany , IRS-W-6 , Jun e 1973 . 5 . F . 0 . Hoffman , " A

Reassessmen t o f th e Parameter s Use dT o Predic t th e Environmenta l Transpor t o f 131 I fro

m Ai r t o Milk, " Institut e fu r Reaktorsicherheit , IRS-W-13 , Apri l 1975 . 13 7 6 . C . A . Pelletie r andP . G . Voilleque , "Th e Behavio r o f C s an dOthe r Fallou t Radionuclide s o na Michiga nDair y

Farm, " Healt hPhys. , Vol . 21 , p . 777 , 1971 . 7 . P . G . Voillequ e andC . A . Pelletier , "Compariso no f Externa l Irradiatio nandConsumptio n n 7 u

14 4 14 4 o f Cow' s Mil k a s Critica l Pathway s fo r ° Cs , 3 MnandCo - P r Release dt o th e Atmosphere, " Healt hPhys. , Vol . 27 , p . 189 , 1974 . 8 . Y . C . Ng e t al. , "Predictio no f th e Maximu m Dosag e t o Ma nfro

m th e Fallou t o f Nuclea r Devices , I

V Handboo k fo r Estimatin g th e Maximu m Interna l Dos e fro

m Radionuclide s Release d t o th e Biosphere, " USAE C Repor t UCRL-50163 , Par t IV , 1968 . 9 . R . C . Weas t (ed.) , "Handboo k o f Chemistr y andPhysics,".CR C Press , Cleveland , Ohio , 1970 . 10 . L . R . Anspaug he t al. , "Th e Dos e t o Ma nvi a th e Food-Chai nTransfe r Resultin g fro m Exposur e t o Tritiate dWate r Vapor, " USAE C Repor t UCRL-73195 , Rev . 1 , 1972 .

1.109-2 9t v ^ '

APPENDI XD MODEL S FO

RCALCULATINGPOPULATIO N DOSE S FRO

M NUCLEA RPOWE RPLAN T EFFLUENT S

Calculatio no f th e annua l population-integrate dtota l bod y an dthyroi ddoses * shoul dbe performe dfo r th e thre e effluen t type s identifie di nthi s guide . Thes e dose s shoul dbe evaluate d fo r th e populatio nwithi na 50-mil e radiu s o f th e site , a s specifie dinparagrap h0 , Sectio nI I o f Appendi xI t o 1 0 CF RPar t 50 . Forjjth e purpos e o f calculatin g th e annua l population-integrate ddose , th e 50-mil e regio n shoul dbe divide dint o a numbe r o f subregion s consisten t wit hth e natur e o f th e region . Thes e subregion s ma y

represent , fo r example , th e reache s o f a rive r o r lan darea s ove r whic hth e appro priat e dispersio nfacto r i s averaged . Dispersio nfactors , populatio ndata , an dothe r informatio n describin g existin g o r planne duse s o f th e subregion s shoul db e developed . 1 . Genera l Expression s fo r Populatio nDos e Fo r (pathway s i

nwhic hth e permanen t an dtransien t populatio no f th e subregio nca nb e con sidere dt o b e expose dt o th e averag e radionuclid e concentration s estimate dfo r th e subregion , th e annua l population-integrate d dos e i s calculate da s follows :

D - = 0.00 1 I

P dI 0. d .f d . (D-1 ) d a wher e D - . i s th e annua l dos e t o orga nj (tota l bod y o r thyroid ) o f anaverag e J individua l o f ag e grou pa i nsubregio nd , i

nmrem/yr ; p D - i s th e annua l population-integrate ddos e t o orga nj (tota l bod y o r thyroid) , J inman-rem s o r thyroi dman-rems ; f di s th e fractio no f th e populatio ni nsubregio ndtha t i s i nag e grou pa ; P . i s th e populatio nassociate dwit hsubregio nd ; an d 0.00 1 i s th e conversio nfacto r fro m mre m t o rem . Th e annua l dos e t o th e tota l bod y o r thyroi do f anaverag e individua l shoul dbe evaluate d wit hth e usag e factor s o f Tabl e E- 4 o f Appendi xE . Model s an dequation s fo r th e detaile ddos e calculation s ar e presente di nAppendice s A , B , an

dC o f thi s guide . Th e annua l population integrate ddose s fro

m ingestio no f potabl e water , inhalatio no f airborn e effluents , an dexterna l exposure ! t o airborn e o r deposite dradionuclide s shoul db e evaluated . I nadditio nt o th e pathway s fo r whic hequation s ar e presente di nAppendice s A , B , an dC , othe r exposur e pathway s shoul db e evaluate di f condition s a t a specifi c sit e indicat e tha t the y migh t provid e a significan t contri butio nt o th e tota l populatio ndos e fro m al l pathways . Inthi s context , a significan t contribu tio ni s define da s 1 0 percen t o r more . Fo r pathway s tha t involv e foo dproduct s produce dinth e subregion , th e foodproduct s ma y be distribute dt o othe r area s fo r consumption . Fo r al l th e foo dtha t i s produce dwithi nth e 50 - mil e radius , th e radioactivit y concentration s ar e average dove r th e entir e are a b y weightin g th e concentration s ineac hsubregio nb y th e amoun t produce di neac hsubregion . Thi s averag e concentra tio ni s use dincalculatin g th e populatio ndoses . Th e 50-mil e averag e concentratio no f nuclid e i infood pi s compute da s . 

# V 0/V p ) exp(-x i t p ) J C dip v d p(0-2 )

* Th e population-integrate ddos e i s th e summatio no f th e dos e receive db y al l individual s and ha s uni]t s o f man-re m

whe napplie d t o th e tota l bod y dos e an dunit s o f man-thyroid-re m whe n applie dt o th e sunmatio no f thyroi ddose . 1.109-3 0^

• ' I . /



# i . 1

wher e



### Th

e

wher e



### Th e

wher e



### an d ' !

C di p

% 

# s

v d p

V P

A i populatio n 

# 'I • Vp/ J

f

. * p p

U 

### a p

V 

### P

annua l po p P.3 7

i s th e averag e concentratio nove r subregio nd o f th e nuclid e i in pathwa y p , i npCi/k g o r pCi/lite r (se e Appendice s A an dC o f thi s guid e fo r model s an dequation s fo r calculatio no f pathwa y concentrations) ; i s th e 50-mil e averag e concentratio no f nuclid e i in pathwa y p , in pCi/k g o r pCi/liter ; i s th e transpor t time o f th e foodmediu m p throug hth e distributio nsystem , i nday s (Tabl e D- 1 present s estimate s o f the transpor t time s tha t ma y be use di n lie uo f site-specifi c data) ; i s th e annua l mas s o r volume o f foodmediu m p produce di n subregio nd , in k g o r liters ; i s th e mas s o r volum e o f the foo dmediu m p produce dannuall y

wit hth e 50-mil e radiu s abou t th e site , i n k g o r liters ; an

d i s th e radiologica l deca y constan t fo r nuclid e i , i n days " .

serve db y al l th e foo dproduce dwithi n5 0 mile s o f th e sit e i s estimate da s 

# V a < D 

# " 3 

# >

i s th e fractio no f th e populatio nwithi nthe ag e grou pa ; i s th e estimate dpopulatio ntha t ca nb e serve db

y th e quantit y

o f foodp likel y t o b e produce dwithi n5 0 mile s o f th e site ; i s th e us e o r consumptio nfacto r o f foodmediu m p fo r th e averag e individua l i nag e grou pa , i n kg/y r o r liters/y r (take nfro m Tabl e E-4) ; an

d i s th e annua l mas s o r volum e o f foodmediu m p likel y

t o be produce dwithi n a 50-mil e radiu s abou t th e site , in k g o r liters . ulation-integrate ddos e i s the ncalculate da s

D P - 0.00 1 1 P pI

I f a C 1 p U a p D F a i (D-4 )

t *
P ( P 5 0

0 F a i i f 

## V P 

## 5 0

i f 

## V P 

## 5 0

1 s th e ingestio ndos e facto r fo r ag e grou pa an dnuclid e i , in mrem/pC i (take nfrom

Appendi xE , Table s E-1 1 t o E-14) ;

1.109-3 1P.3 8

1 V I

TABL E D- 1 RECOMMENDE D VALUE S FO R TH E TRANSPOR T TIME S I N TH E FOO D DISTRIBUTIO N

SYSTEM *

FOO D MEDIUM Fruits , grains , an

d vegetable s Mil k
Mea t an d poultr y Spor t fis h Commercia l fis h Drinkin g wate r DISTRIBUTIO N TRANSPOR T TIM E (i ndays ) 1 4 4 2 0
7 1 0 1

T o b e use d i n lie u o f site-specifi c dat a o n foo d distribution
.

1.109-3 2P.3 9

p D . i s the annua l population-integrateddos e t o orga nj (tota l bod y o r thyroid) , J i nman-rem/y r o r thyroi dman-rem/yr ; P i s th e populatio nconsumin g foo dmediu m p ; an d
P 5 Q i s the tota l populatio nwithi n5 0 miles . Al l othe r factor s ar e a s define dabove . Not e tha t th e abov e formulatio nlimit s th e evaluatio no f the expose dpopulatio nevaluatio n t o th e populatio nresidin g withi n5 0 mile s a s specifie d i nparagraphD , Sectio nI I o f Appendi xI t o 1 0 CF RPar t 50 . Incalculatin g th e annua l population-integrate dtota l bod y an dthyroi d doses , th e ag e distributio no f th e populatio nwithi n5 0 mile s ma y b e assume dt o b e the same a s the ag e distributio no f th e U.S . populatio n(Ref . 1) . Referenc e 1 indicate s the fractiona l breakdow nt o b e a s follows : children , 0.18 ; teenagers , 0.11; an dadults , 0.71 . Infant s (0- 1 yea r i nage ) ar e no t projecte dt o excee d2% o f the populatio n(Ref . 1) , an dthei r populatio nfractio n ha s bee ninclude di ntha t give nabov e fo r children . 2 . Us e o f th e Model s
a . Population-Integrate dDose s fro m Liqui dEffluent s Th e annua l tota l body

andthyroi dpopulation-integrateddose s du e t o exposur e t o liq ui deffluent s shoul db e evaluate dfo r th e followin g principa l pathways : potabl e water , aquati c foo dproducts , externa l irradiatio nfro m shorelin e deposits , andterrestria l foodproduct s irri gate dwit hwate r tha t ha s receive dth e liqui deffluent .

(1 ) Dose s fro

m Potabl e Wate r Th e annua l population-Integrate d tota l body andthyroi ddose s fro m wate r consump tio nar e evaluate dfo r al l subregion s tha t hav e wate r intake s existin g o r designate da t th e time o f the licens e application . Th e product s o f th e individua l dose s an dth e populatio nexpose di n eac hsuc hsubregio nwithi n5 0 mile s fro m the sit e ar e summe dt o obtai nthe tota l dose . Th e formulatio nexpresse di nEquatio n(D-1 ) ma y b e used . Th e tota l body

an dthyroi ddos e o f th e Individual s shoul db e evaluate dusin g Equatio n(A-2 ) 1 nAppendi xA o f thi s guide , togethe r wit hthe age-dependen t usag e factor s u _ a p obtaine dfro

m Tabl e 0-1 . Th e dilutio nfro m th e discharg e poin t t o the usag e poin t shoul dbe evaluate dusin g appropriat e hydrologica l model s fo r th e variou s subregions .

I f the populatio nserve d b y a particula r wate r suppl y system i s no t known , i t ca n be estimate db

y th e following : P w = v/ c (D-5 ) wher e

c i s the averag e dail y usag e o f individual s o nthe system , i ngal/da y pe r person ; P i s th e estimate dpopulatio nserve db y th e wate r system ; and

v i s th e averag e dail y intak e o f the wate r suppl y system , i ngal/day . I f th e Industria l usag e fro m th e wate r suppl y

system 1 s known , i t ca nb e sub tracte dfro

m the averag e dail y

Intak e o f the system

befor e thi s valu e i s entere dint o Equatio n (D-5) . Th e populatio nserve db y a wate r suppl y

system whos e Intak e i s withi nth e 50-mil e radiu s ma y

includ e Individual s wh o resid e outsid e th e circle . Thi s populatio nma y b e pro-rate d t o includ e onl y

th e populatio nwithi nth e 50-mil e radius . Conversely , a wate r suppl y system wit h anintak e beyondth e 50-mil e radiu s ma y serv e th e populatio nwithi nth e 50-mil e radius , whos e exposur e vi i drinkin g wate r shoul db e include di nth e 50-mil e populatio ndos e evaluation .

1.109-3 3P.4 0

(2 ) Dose s fro

m Aquati c Food Product s

' I Th e annua l population-integrate dtota l body andthyroi ddose s fro m consumptio no f aquati c foodproduct s ar e evaluate dusin g th e productio no f spor t an dcommercia l harvest s i n th e variou s subregions . Th e mixin g rati o (or dilution ) shoul db e evaluate dfo r eac hsubregio n usin g a nimpropriat e hydrologica l model . Fo r spor t harvests , th e entir e edibl e harves t i s assume dt o b e ingeste db y th e populatio nwithi n5 0 miles . Th e formulatio nexpresse db y Equatio n (D-4 ) shoul db e use dwit hth e populatio nP give nb y th e result s o f Equatio n(D-3) . Th e age specifi c ingestio nrate s o f Tabl e E- 4 ma y be use di

nTie uo f site-specifi c data . Fo r commercia l harvests , th e productio nwithi n5 0 mile s fro m th e sit e i s con sidere da s par t o f th e tota l U.S . harvest . Equatio n(D-2 ) shoul db e use dt o comput e th e averag e concentration , wit hV

a s th e tota l estimate dU.S . commercia l harves t o f th e aquati c foo d medium p . Th e annua l population-integrate ddos e i s the ncompute dusin g Equatio n(D-4 ) wit h P = Pc Q .. Th e age-specifi c factor s o f Tabl e E- 4 ma y b e use dinlie uo f site-specifi c data . (3 ) Dose s fro

m Shorelin e Deposit s Th e annua l population-integrate dtota l body an dthyroi d dose s fro

m recreationa l activitie s onth e shorelin e o f th e receiving wate r body ar e evaluate db

y summin g th e produc t o f th e individua l dose s ineac hsubregio nandth e populatio nexpose dtherein . Al l subregion s withi ntri

e 50-mil e radiu s shoul db e considere dwher e existin g o r designate drecreationa l facili tie s exist . I f available , actua l recreationa l usag e inth e vicinit y o f eac hfacilit y

shoul db e used . Th e formulatio no f Equatio n(D-1 ) i s appropriate .

(4 ) Dose s fro

m Consumptio no f Terrestria l Foo dProduct s Irrigate db y Water s Receiving th e Liqui dEffluen t Th e annua l population-integrate dtota l body andthyroi ddose s fro m consumptio no f foo dirrigate dwit hwate r fro m th e bod y receiving th e liqui deffluen t ar e evaluate dfollowing th e procedure s outline dinth e developmen t o f Equatio n(D-4) . Not e tha t th e ter m V o f Equation s (D-2 ) and (D-3 ) denote s th e tota l productio no f foodmedium pwithi n5 0 miles , no t jus t th e tota l productio no f irrigate dfoodmedium p . Th e consumptio nrat e dat a o f Tabl e D- 1 ma y b e use d i nlie uo f site-specifi c dat a inth e evaluatio no f Equatio n(D-4) . b . Population-Integrate dDose s fro m Airborn e Effluent s Th e annua l tota l body

andthyroi dpopulation-integrate d dose s shoul dbe evaluate dfo r th e followin g principa l exposur e pathways : nobl e ga s submersion , inhalatio no f airborn e efflu ents , ingestio no f contaminate dterrestria l food s (milk , meat , andproduce) , andexterna l irradiatio nfro

m activit y

deposite donth e ground . Availabl e stat e o r count y agricultura l pro ductio ndat a ma y

b e use dfo r estimatin g th e population-integrate ddose s fro m foodconsumptio n Fo r th e evaluatio no f exposure s fro m atmospheri c releases , th e 50-mil e regio nshoul d b e divide dint o 16 0 subregion s forme db y sector s centere do nth e 1 6 compas s point s (N , NNE , NE , etc. ) and annul i a t distance s o f 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 10 , 20 , 30 , 40 , an d5 0 mile s fro

m th e cente r o f th e facility . Th e atmospheri c dispersio nfactor s ( X /Q ) o r simila r factor s shoul dbe evaluate d a t th e radia l midpoin t fo r eac ho f th e subregion s usin g appropriat e atmospheri c dispersio n model s suc ha s thos e describe dinRegulator y Guid e 1.111 . (1 ) Dose s du e t o Exposur e t o Nobl e Gase s Th e annua l population-integrate dtota l body dos e du e t o nobl e ga s effluent s shoul dbe evaluate db

y summin g th e product s o f th e individua l dose s i neac hsubregio nan

dth e populatio nineac hsubregion . Equatio n(D-1 ) ma y b e used . Fo r externa l exposure , th e mode l doe s no t differentiat e betwee nag e groups . A structura l shieldin g facto r o f 0. 5 shoul db e applie di nconjunctio nwit hth e dos e facto r dat a o f Tabl e B-l .

(2 ) Dose s du e t o Inhalatio no f Radioiodine s an dParticulate s Th e annua l population-integrate dtota l body an dthyroi ddose s fro m Inhalatio no f airborn e effluent s shoul db e evaluate db y summin g th e product s o f th e Individua l dose s receive d i neac hsubregio nandth e populatio nineac hsubregion . Equatio n(D-1 ) ma y b e used . Th e age specifi c inhalatio nrate s o f Tabl e E- 4 ma y b e use dwit hth e dat a o f Table s E- 7 t o E-10 .

1.109-3 4P.4 1

(3 ) Dose s du e t o Ingestio no f Terrestria l Foo dProduct s Th e annua l population-integrate dtota l bod y an dthyroi ddose s fro

m ingestio no f terrestria l foo dproduct s shoul db e evaluate dusin g th e productio ndat a fo r eac hsubregion . Fo r milk , meat , an dcommercia l vegetables , th e formulatio no f Equatio n(D-2 ) shoul db e use dt o calculat e th e averag e concentration s i nth e foods . Thes e concentration s ar e the nuse di n Equatio n(D-4} , alon g wit hth e dat a o f Table s D-1 , E-4 , an dE-l l t o E-14 , t o calculat e populatio n doses . (4 ) Dose s du e t o Externa l Irradiatio nfro m Activit y

Deposite do nth e Groun d Th e annua l population-integratedtota l bod y an dthyroi ddose s fro

m externa l exposur e t o surfac e depositio no f th e effluen t shoul dbe evaluate dusin g Equatio n(D-1) . A househol dshieldin g andoccupanc y facto r o f 0. 5 shoul db e applie dinconjunctio nwit hthe dos e factor s o f Tabl e E-6 .
REFERENC E FORAPPENDI XD

1 . "Curren t Populatio nReports, " Burea uo f the Census , Serie s P-25 , No . 541 , U.S . Dept . o f Commerce , 1975 .

1.109-3 5 !P.4 2

APPENDI XE NUMERICA L DAT A

FORTH E CALCULATIO N O F ANNUAL DOSE S T O MA

N FRO M ROUTIN E RELEASE S O F REACTO REFFLUENT S
Thi s appendi xcontain s dat a fo r us e inth e equation s presente dinth e Regulator y Positio n andinAppendice s A , B , C , an dD o f thi s guide . Th e numerica l value s presente dinthi s appendi x ar e thos e routinel y

use db y th e NR C staff . I

ninstance s wher e mor e appropriat e informatio no f a site-specifi c natur e ha s bee ndevelope dan ddocumented , tha t informatio nshoul db e used . I na numbe r o f instance s th e staf f ha s foundi t necessar y t o provid e guidanc e a s t o th e valu e o f a particula r paramete r inth e absenc e o f substantia l empirica l data . Insuc hinstance s th e staf f ha s exercise djudgmen t an dha s considere dvalue s use db y other s an

dth e sensitivit y

o f th e result s t o th e valu e assumed . Informatio ni s provide dbelo w unde r fou r broa dcategories : environmenta l data , huma ndata , dos e factors , andothe r parameters . 1 . Environmenta l Dat a Tabl e E- 1 provide s value s fo r th e followin g stabl e elemen t transfe r coefficients :
a . B . fo r th e estimatio no f produce , leaf y vegetable , o r pastur e gras s radioactivit y fro m tha t i nsoi l (pCi/k g i nvegetatio npe r pCi/k g insoil) ; b . F

_fo r th e estimatio no f cow mil k activit y

fro m tha t infee d(pCi/ ni nmil k pe r pCi / day ingeste db

y th e animal) ; and
c . F , fo r th e estimatio no f mea t activit y fro m tha t infee d(pCi/k g inmea t pe r pCi/da y ingeste db

y th e animal) . Th e dat a ar e largel y

derive dfro

m Referenc e 1 . Th e valu e o f th e cow mil k transfe r coefficien t fo r radioiodin e i s base do nth e staff' s revie w o f th e literatur e (Refs . 2-9) . Value s o f transfe r coefficient s fo r goa t mil k ar e presente di nTabl e E- 2 fo r a limite d numbe r o f nuclides . Fo r nuclide s no t liste dinTabl e E-2 , th e mil k transfe r coefficien t fro m Tabl e E- 1 shoul db e used . Variou s anima l paramete r value s ar e presente di nTabl e E- 3 fo r us e inestimatin g anima l produc t activit y

level s a s function s o f th e correspondin g level s i nfee dan

dwate r supplies . 2 . Huma nDat a Table s E- 4 andE- 5 presen t usag e rate s o f variou s environmenta l medi a b y averag e individual s andmaximum

individuals , respectively , accordin g t o ag e group . "Seafood " i s use dt o indicat e intak e o f aquatic ; invertebrate s suc ha s lobster , crab , clams , an doysters . Ingestio no f aquati c plan t material i s no t normall y assumed . 3 . Dos e Factor s Dos e factor s fo r externa l irradiatio nfro m a uniforml y

contaminate dgroun dplan e ar e

2 presente dinTabl e E- 6 (Refs . 1 0 and11) , inunit s o f mrem/h r pe r pCi/ m . Thes e factor s ar e applicabl e fo r surfac e contaminatio nvi a depositio no f liqui deffluent s onshorelin e sediment s o r airborn e effluent s ongroun dsurfaces . Dos e factor s ar e provide dfo r th e tota l body andski n only . Dose s t o othe r organ s ar e assume dequa l t o th e tota l bod y dose . Dos e factor s provide di nTabl e E- 6 ar e derive dfro m a consideratio no f th e dos e rat e t o ai r 1 mete r abov e th e groun dplan e an dth e penetratio no f th e radiatio nint o th e body . Th e tota l body dos e i s compute da t a penetratio ndept ho f 5 cm ; th e ski ndos e i s compute da t a dept ho f 7 mg/c m . Thes e tissu e depth s ar e indicate dD y Referenc e if , wher e i t i s suggeste dthat , fo r 1.109-3 6P.4 3

TABL E E- 1 STABL E ELEMEN T TRANSFE R DATA *

Elemen t H* * 

## c* * N a P C r M n F e C o N i C u Z n R b 

### J'S r Y Z r N b M o T c R u R h A g T e I C s B a L a C e P r N d W N p B , i v Veq/Soi l 4.8 E 0 0 5.5 E 0 0 5.2E-0 2 1.1 E 0 0 2.5E-0 4 2.9E-0 2 6.6E-0 4 9.4E-.0 3 1.9E-0 2 1.2E-0 1 4.0E-0 1 1.3E-0 1 1.7E-0 2 2.6E-0 3 1.7E-0 4 9.4E-0 3 1.2E-0 1 2.5E-0 1 5.0E-0 2 1.3 E 0 1 1.5E-0 1 1.3 E 0 0 2.0E-0 2 1.0E-0 2 5.OE-0 3 2.5E-0 3 2.5E-0 3 2.5E-0 3 2.4E-0 3 1.8E-0 2 2.5ET0 3 F (Cow ) m Mil k (d/i ) 1.0E-0 2 1.2E-0 2 4.0E-02** * 2.5E-0 2 2.2E-0 3 2.5E-0 4 1.2E-0 3 l.OE-0 3 6.7E-0 3 1.4E-0 2 3.9E-0 2 3.0E-0 2 8.0E-04** * 1.0E-0 5 5.0E-0 6 2.5E-0 3 7.5E-0 3 2.5E-0 2 1.0E-0 6 1.OE-0 2 5.0E-O 2 l.OE-0 3 6.0E-03 t 1.2E-02** * 4.0E-04** * 5.0E-0 6 1.0E-04** * 5.0E-0 6 5.0E-0 6 5.0E-0 4 5.0E-0 6 F f Mea t (d/kg ) 1.2E-0 2 3.1E-0 2 3.0E-0 2 4.6E-0 2 2.4E-0 3 8.0E-0 4 4.OE-0 2 1.3E-0 2 5.3E-0 2 8.OE-0 3 3.OE-0 2 3.1E-0 2 6.0E-0 4 4.6E-0 3 3.4E-0 2 2.8E-0 1 8.OE-0 3 4.0E-0 1 4.0E-0 1 1.5E-03 - 1.7E-0 2 7.7E-0 2 2.9E-0 3 4.OE-0 3 3.2E-0 3 2.0E-0 4 1.2E-0 3 4.7E-0 3 3.3E-0 3 1.3E-0 3 2.0E-04t +

t t Dat a presente d in thi s tabl e i s fro m Referenc e 1 unles s otherwis e indicated . Mea t an d mil k coefficient s ar e base d on specifi c activit y considerations . * Fro m Referenc e 15 . ^Se e text . Fro m Referenc e 13 .

1.109-3 7t : i
TABL E E- 2

NUCLID E TRANSFE RPARAMETER S FO RGOAT' S MILK *
Elemen t F m <<*ays/l1ter ) H 0.1 7 , \ P.4 4

* 1 1

\



## c P F e Cu S r I C s 0.1 0 0.2 5 1.3E-0 4 0.01 3 0.014* * 0.06* * 0.30* *

Value s i nthi s tabl e ar e fro

m Reference s 1 an

d 1 4 unles s otherwis e Indicated . * Fro m Referenc e 15 .

Anima l M1l k co w Bee f cattl e Goat s TABL E E- 3

ANIMA L CONSUMPTION

RATE S

Fee d o r Forag e (kq/day [we t welqht] ) 5 0 (Ref . 10 ) 5 0 (Ref . 10 ) 6 (Ref . 17 ) Q A w Wate r (a/day ) 6 0 (Ref . 5 0 (Ref . 8 (Ref . 

### 16 ) 16 ) 18 )

1.109-3 8RECOMMENDE D VALUE S FOR U 

### a p TABL E E- 4 T O BE USE D FO

R TH E AVERAG E INDIVIDUAL I N LIEUO F SITE-SPECIFI C DATA Pathwa y Fruits , vegetables , & grai n(kg/yr) * Mil k U/yr) * Mea t & poultr y (kg/yr) * Fis h(kg/yr) * Seafoo d (kg/yr) * Drinkin g wate r (n/yr)* * Shorelin e recreatio n (hr/yr)* * Inhalatio n( m

/yr ) Chil d Tee n Adul t
20 0 17 0
3 7 2. 2 0.3 3 26 0
9. 5 3700** * 24 0

20 0

5 9 5. 2 0.7 5 26 0

4 7 8000** * 19 0

11 0
9 5

- 6. 9 1. 0 37 0
8. 3 8000 +
Consumptio nrat e obtaine d fro m Referenc e 1 9 and age-prorate d using technique s i n Referenc e 10 . * * Dat a obtaine d directl y fro m Referenc e 10 . ** *Inhalatio nrat e derive d fro m dat a provide d 1 n Referenc e 20 . Dat a obtaine d directl y fro m Referenc e 20 .

1.109-3 9P.4 6

> k <

RECOMMENDE D VALUE S FO R U TABL E E- 5 T O BE USE D FO

R TH E MAXIMU

M EXPOSE D a p INDIVIDUAL I

N LIE UO F SITE-SPECIFI C DATA
Pathwa y Infan t Fruits , vegetable s & grai n(kg/yr)*,* * Leaf y vegetable s (kg/yr) * Mil k (u/yr) * 33 0 Mea t & poultr y (kg/yr) * Fis h(fres ho r salt ) (kg/yr)** * Othe r seafoo d (kg/yr) * Drinkin g wate r (i/yr) t 33 0 Shorelin e recreatio n (hr/yr) t Inhalatio n(m/yr ) 1400t t Chil d

52 0

2 6 33 0

4 1 Tee n

63 0

4 2 40 0

6 5 Adul t

52 0

6 4 31 0

11 0
6. 9 1. 7 51 0

1 4 3700+t t 1 6

3. 8 51 0
6 7 8000tt t 21

5 73 0

1 2 8000t t Consumptio nrat e obtaine d fro m Referenc e 1 9 fo r averag e individua l and age-prorate d an

d maximize d usin g technique s containe d in Referenc e 10 . * * Consist s o f th e followin g (o n a mas s basis) : 22 % fruit , 54 % vegetable s (includin g leaf y

vegetables) , an

d 24 % grain . • * * Consumptio nrat e fo r adul t obtaine d b y averagin g dat a fro

m Reference s 1 0 an d 21-2 4 an

d age-prorate d usin g technique s containe d in Referenc e 10 . Dat a obtaine d directl y fro m Referenc e 10 . Dat a obtaine d directl y fro m Referenc e 20 . t+ t Inhalatio nrat e derive d fro m dat a provide d i

n Referenc e 20 .

1.109-4 0!-._.-,i-j.-jj__ ) _(_l__i l

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— . — r-. — , — J — , — OOO J I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I r— | j/it-imi-iro'O'O'oiO'BajajajL-i-' u i a . ooo<_>ia_c_a_m_j_i<_><_><_>a-c___:_:_

_P.4 9

calculationa l purposes , th e averag e dept ho f the blood-formin g organ s ma y be assume dt o be 5 cm . Referenc e 1 2 als o identifie s the cell s o f th e basa l laye r o f epidermi s a s the tissu e o f interes t 2 i nth e computatio no f ski ndos e an dstate s a naverag e dept hfo r thes e cell s o f 7 mg/c m . Thi s guidanc e I s reflecte di nthe dos e factor s presente di nTabl e E- 6 an dals o i nthos e presente din Appendi xB , Tabl e B-l , fo r us e i ncalculatin g externa l dose s fro m nobl e gases . Dos e factor s fo r interna l exposur e ar e provide di nTable s E- 7 throug hE-14 , i nunit s o f mre m pe r pC i Intak e (Ref . 25) . Table s E- 7 throug hE-1 0 ar e fo r Inhalatio n(one tabl e fo r eac h o f th e fou r ag e groups) , whil e Table s E-l l throug hE-1 4 ar e fo r ingestion . Dos e factor s provide d fo r th e inhalatio no f H- 3 includ e a nincreas e o f 5 0 percen t t o accoun t fo r the additiona l amoun t o f thi s isotop e absorbe dthroug hthe ski n(Ref . 25) . A s discusse di nSectio nB , "Discussion, " thes e dos e factor s ar e appropriat e fo r continuou s intak e ove r a one-yea r perio dandinclud e th e dos e commitmen t ove r a 50-yea r period . Th e cal culationa l schem e b

y whic hthes e dos e factor s ar e derive dinclude s elementar y consideratio no f changin g physica l an

dmetaboli c characteristic s durin g the perio dove r whic hthe dos e commitmen t i s evaluated . Fo r example , environmenta l exposur e o f a ninfan t ove r a one-yea r perio di s treate d a s follows : dos e durin g th e firs t yea r i s compute dbase do ninfan t physiologica l an dmetaboli c characteristic s considerin g bot hth e buildu pan ddeca y o f the appropriat e orga nburden; dos e durin g year s 1-1 0 i s compute dbase do nchil dphysiologica l an dmetaboli c dat a considerin g deca y o f th e orga nburde nfro m It s pea k valu e a t ag e 1 ; dos e durin g year s 11-1 6 I s treate dina simila r fashio nusin g teenage r characteristics ; an ddos e durin g adulthoo di s compute dbase do nthe physiologica l andmetaboli c characteristic s o f a nadult . Age-dependen t parameter s ar e change din step s a t th e break s betwee nag e groups . 4 . Othe r Parameter s Tabl e E-1 5 ha s bee nprovide das" a centra l locatio nfo r th e recommende dvalue s o f many o f th e miscellaneou s parameter s appearin g i nequation s inthi s guide . Insome instances , a parameter' s valu e o r unit s i s a functio no f the equatio ni t i s use d in . Additionally , fo r some parameter s use di ncalculatin g activitie s i nvegetation , th e valu e i s als o a functio no f th e exposur e path way . Tabl e E-1 5 ha s bee norganize dt o not e thes e complications . Value s o f th e paramete r S p , a structura l shieldin g andoccupanc y factor , ar e give ni n Tabl e E-1 5 a s 0. 7 (fo r maximu m individuals ) an

d0. 5 (fo r the genera l population) . Usin g th e genera l approac hgive ni nReferenc e 26 , th e staf f estimate s anaverag e structura l shieldin g facto r o f 0. 5 fo r typica l reacto r effluents . Assumin g th e maximu m individua l spend s abou t 5 0 percen t o f th e time indoors , the overal l shieldin g andoccupanc y facto r i s the napproximatel y 0.7 . Th e facto r o f 0. 5 i s use ddirectl y fo r populatio ndos e calculations . Thes e factor s ar e applicabl e fo r externa l gamm

a exposur e fro

m nobl e gase s an

dfo r externa l exposur e fro m contaminate dgroun d surfaces .

1.109-4 3i

NUCLIC E H 

### £ J A P C K * N M N F E F E C O C O
••J l Ni l CU Z N ZN .« R >> R
i'P . T K in

« B $ « 

## s « s « S K Y Y Y Y 3 1 4 2 4 3 2 5 1 5 4 5 6 5 5 5 9 5 8 6 0 6 3 6 5 6 4 6 4 6 9 8 3 8 4 8 , b o 8 8 8 9 3 9 9 0 9 1 9 2 9 0 91 * 9 1 9 ? tJON C
N O OAT A 2.27E-0 6 1.28E-0 6 1.656-0 4 N O DAT A N O OAT A
N UOAT A 3.07E-C 6 1.475-0 6
N C OAT A N O UAT A 5.40_-0 5 1.92E-1 0 N O OAT A 4.05E-0 6 4.23E-1 2 N O OAT A N O OAT A
N O OAT A N UOAT A N O OAT A
N UDAT A 3.80.-0 5 1.24E-0 2 7.746-0 9 8.43E-1 0 2.616-0 7 3.26E-1 1 5.78E-C 5 1.29E-0 9 TABL E 6 - PAS t
INHALATIO N

DOS E (
LIVE R 1.58E-0 7 4.26E-0 7 1.28C-0 6 9.64E-0 6 N O UAT A 4.95C-0 6 1.556-1 0 2.12C-0 6 3.47E-0 6 1.986-0 7 1 .-+46-0 6 3.936-0 6 2.o2C-l l 1.836-1 0 1.296-0 5 8.14.-1 2 J UOAT A N UOAT A
N O OAT A 1.696-0 5 4.84_-0 8 3.2C_-0 8 N UCAT A N UOAT A
N O OAT A N O CAT A N C OAT A
N O OAT A N O OAT A N O OAT A 1 O F . 3
FACT09 S FO R AHULT S "RXiH PF. K>»C

I
T.ROC Y 1.58F-0 7 4.266-0 7 1.28E-0 6 O.26C-0 6 1.25E-0 8 7.8.E-0 7 2.29E- U 4.936-0 7 I.32E- 0 6 2.596- 0 7 1.35E-0 6 1.81E-0 6 I.146-1 1 7.69,-1 1 5.'8 2 E-0 6 5.65E-1 3 3.01E-O 8 3.91E- 0 8 1.606-0 9 7.37E-0 6 2.41E-1 8 2.126-0 8 1.09E-0 6 7.62E-0 4 3.13E-1 0 3.64E-1 1 7.01E-0 9 1.27E-1 2 1.55E-0 6 3.77E- U NHALED )

THYROI D 1.586-C 7 4.266-0 7 1.286-0 6 N O OAT A 7.44E-0 9 NO N O N U N O NO N O NO NO NO

. N O N O N O N O NO NO NO N C N O N O N U N O N O N O N O N O OAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A
CAT A DAT A OAT A
OAT A DAT A OAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A
DAT A OAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A DAT A OAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A

1.109-4 4 MONE Y

1.58E-0 7 4.26E-0 7 1.286-0 6 NC DATA 2.856-0 9 1.236-0 6 l.63fc-:1 0 NO DAT A NO OAT A NC OATA NC OATA N O DAT A NC DAT A 5.786-1 0 H.62L-0 6 5.27L-1 2 NC DAT A NC DAT A NC OAT A NO OAT A N O OAT A NO OAT A N O OATA NC DAT A NO OAT A N O OAT A NO OAT A NC DAT A N O DAT A NC OAT A LUNG

1 .58E-0 7 4.266-0 7 1.286-06 NO OAT A 1.80E-C6 1.75E-0 4 1.18E-06 9.CIE-0 6 1.27E-0 4 1.166-0 4 7.46E-0 4 2.23E-0 5 7.00E-0 7 8.48E-0 7 1.08E-0 4 1.156-0 7 NO OAT A NO OAT A NO DAT A N O OAT A N UOAT A NO DAT A 1.75E-0 4 1.20E-0 3 4.566-0 6 2.06E-0 6 2.126-0 5 2.40E-0 7 2.136-0 4 1.966-0 6

V * '*

GI-LL I t.586-0 7 4.266-0 7 1.286-0 6 1.086-0 5 4.156-0 7 9.67E-0 6 2.536-0 6 7.54E-0 7 2.35E-0 5 1.33E-0 5 3.56E-0 5 1.67E-0 6 1.54E-06 6.12E-0 6 6.68E-n 6 ^ 2.046-C 9 2.906-0 8 2.05E-1 3 L T E-2 4 2.086-0 6 4.18,-1 9 1.16F-2 1 4.37E-0 5 9.02E-05 . 2.396-0 5 5.386-0 6 6.326-0 5 1.666-1 0 4.81E-0 5 9.196-0 6P.5 1

TA.L F 6-7 , CONT' D PAO 6 2 O F 3 INHALATIO N

COS C FACTOR S FO R ADULT S («Kt M P«=i . PC I INHALED ) -.UCLIJ L BON E LIV6 RT.nOD YTHYROI D KIONF YLUN GGI-LL I Y9 3 l.iet-O S N O DAT A 3.26E-1 0 N O OAT A N C OAT A

6.066-0 6 5.276-0 5 Z R9 5 1.346-0 5 4.3C6-0 6 2.916-0 6 NO OAT A 6.77E-0 6 2.216-C 4 1.386-0 5 Z R9 7 1.21F-0 8 2.456-0 9 1.136-0 9 M O CATA 3.716-0 9 9.846-0 . 6.546-0 5 Nf l 9 5 1.76E-0 6 9.77L-0 7 5.26E-0 7 N O DAT A 9.67E-0 7 6.31E-0 5 1.30F-0 5 H C 9 9 -( 0 CAT A

1.516-0 8 2.87fc-0 9 N O DAT A 3.64E-0 8 1.14E-C 5 3.106-0 5 TC 99 M 1.296-1 3 3.646-1 3 4.616-1 2 NO OAT A 5.526-1 2 9.55E-C 8 5.206-0 7 TC10 1 5..26-1 5 7..21-1 5 7.3a6-1 4 N O OAT A 1.35.-1 3 4.99E-0 8 1.36F-2 1 RU10 3 1.916-0 7 N O CAT A 8.236-0 8 N

O OAT A 7.296-0 7 6.316-0 5 1.38E-0 5 !<UIC 5 9.88F-1 1 ,N C DAT A 3.89C- UN

O DAT A 1.276-l C 1 . J7E-0 6 6.02E-0 6 RU10 6 8.64E-C 6 N O CAT A 1.0JC-0 6 N

O DAT A 1.676-0 5 1.176-0 3 1.146-0 4 AGUO K1.35E-C 6 1.25c-0 6 7.43C-0 7 N UDAT A 2.46E-0 6 5.796-0 4 3.786-0 5 TC125 M 4.27E-0 7 1.9.6-0 7 5.846-0 8 1.31E-0 7 1.55e-0 6 3.92E-C 5 8.83E-0 6 TE127> » 1.586-0 6 7.215-0 7 1.966-0 7 4..116-0 7 5.726-0 6 1.206-0 4 I . ,376-0 5 TE12 7 1.75C-1 0 8.0. ,: - U3.876-1 1 1.326-1 0 6.376-1 0 8.146-0 7 7.1'C-0 6 1.129 * 1.226-0 6 5.b4.-0 7 1.966-0 7 4.306-0 7 4.576-0 6 1.456-0 4 4.79.-0 5 TE12 9 6.226-1 2 2.19L-1 2 1.5.E-1 2 4.376-1 2 2.346-1 1 2.42E-C 7 1.96F-0 8 TE131 M B.746-0 9 5.455-0 9 3.63F-0 9 6.386-0 9 . . 366-0 8 1.826-0 5 6.956-0 5 T F13 1 1.396-1 2 7.*AC^ I 3 4.49E-1 3 1.176-1 2 5.466-1 2 1.745-0 7 2.306-0 9 TE13 2 3.25U-0 8 2.696-0 8 2.026-0 8 2.37E-0 8 1.826-0 7 3.606-0 5 6.37F-0 5 I 13 0 5.726-0 7 1.685-0 6 6.6C.C-0 7 1.42E-C 4 2.616-0 6 NO DAT A 9.616-0 7 I 13 1 3.156-0 6 4.47.-0 6 2.56C-0 6 1.49E-C 3 7.666-0 6 NO CAT A 7.85F-C 7 I 13 2 1.4 . E-0 7 4.07li-0 7 1.4.E-0 7 1.43E-C 5 6.486-0 7 N O DAT A 5.08F-0 8 I 13 1 1.08E-C 6 1.85.-0 6 5.6.6-0 7 2.696-C 4 3.236-0 6 N O DAT A 1.116-0 6 I 13 4 B.056-0 8 2.16C-0 7 7.696-0 8 3.736-0 6 3.446-0 7 NO OAT A 1.266-1 0 I 13 5 3..5E-C 7 8.73E-0 7 3.21E-0 7 5.606-0 . 1.39E-0 6 NO OAT A 6.566-0 7 CS13 4 4.666-C 5 1.066-0 4 9.10F-0 5 N O DAT A 3.59E-C 5 1.226-0 5 1.306-0 6 CS13 6 4.886-C 6 1.636-05 . 1.316-0 5 N O CATA 1.C7E-P 5 1.506-C 6 1.466-0 6 CS13 7 5.986-0 5 7.765-0 5 5.1JC-0 5 N O OATA 2.786-1 5 9.406-0 6 1.056-06 CS13 M 4.146-0 8 7.76.-0 8 4.0>6-0 8 N O OAT J 6.006-C ? 6.076-0 9 2.33E-1 3 HA13 9 1.176-1 0 fl...2.-14 3.42I-1 2 N O OATA 7.78E-1 4 4.706-07 . 1.126-0 7

1.109-4 5P.5 2

TABL
. E-7 , CONT' D PAG E 3 O F 3 IMHALATIO N (MRE M DC S 6 PC! . ! FACTOR S FO

R C I INHALEO ) ADULT S

.UCLIU E HA14 0 nAl4 l HA14 2
LA14 0 LA14 2 CE14 1 0614 3 C614 4 PR14 3 ?R14 4 MD14 7 * 18 7 80N E

4.886-0 6 1.25E-1 1 3.296-1 2 4.30E-C 8 8.54E- U 2.49E-0 6 2.336-Cf l 4.29E-0 4 1.176^-0 6 3..76E-1 2 6.596-0 7 1.06i*-0 9 I IVE

R 6 . 136-0 9 9.416-1 5 3.3 8 .-1 5 2.175-0 8 3.886-1 1 1.695-0 6 1.726-0 3 1.79E-0 4 4.69G-0 7 1.566-1 2 7.62C-0 7 3.d5_-l 0 T.6UC Y

3 . 7 1 E- 0 7 4.2C6-1 3 2.076-1 3 5.73C-0 9 9.656-1 2 1.9U-0 7 1.91E-0 9 2.306- 0 5 5.806-0 8 1.91E-1 3 4.56E-0 8 3.10E-1 0 THYROI D

N O N O NO N U N O N O N O N O NO N O N O N O DAT A DATA OAT A OAT A DAT A CAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A KIDNE Y

2.09E-0 9 8.75E-I 5 2.S6E-1 5 NO - OATA N G DAT A 7.836-0 7 7.60E-0 9 1.06E-0 4 2.70E-0 7 8.81E-1 3 4.45E-0 7 NO DAT A LUNG

1.59F-0 4 2.426-0 7 1.49E-0 7 1.70E-0 5 7.916-0 7 4.52E-0 5 9.97E-0 6 9.72E-0 4 3.51E-0 5 1.276-0 7 2.76E-0 5 3.63E-0 6 GI-LL I

2.73F-0 5 1.45E-1 7 1.96E-2 6 5.736-0 5 2.64E-0 7 1.50E-0 5 2.83E-0 5 1.026-0 4 2.50E-0 5 2.69E-1 8 2.16E-0 5 1.94E-0 5 NP23 9 2.87E-0 8 2.825-0 9 1.556-0 9 N O OAT A 8.756-0 9 4.706-0 6 1.49E-0 5

1.109-4 6P.5 3

TABL E C- 8 PAG 6 I O

F 3 INHALATIO N

DOS E FACTOR S FO R TEENAG6 R (MRE H P6 R PC I INHAL60 )
NUCLIC E HU • JA P CR f» N f.N F E F E C O C U M I X I C U ZN ? N H R U R ^. R •* B R ? R B S R SR SR SR Y Y Y Y 3 1 4 2 4 3 2 5 1 5 4 5 6 5 5 5 9 5 0 6 0 6 3 6 5 6 4 6 0 6 9 8 3 8 4 8 5 8 6 8 3 8 9 8 9 9 0 9 1 9 2 9 0 91 f 9 1 9 2 NO 3 . 1 . 2 . NO N O NO 4 . 1 . NO NO 7 . 2 . NO 4 . 6 . N O NO N O NO NO NO 5 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 3 . 4 . 8 . 1 . BON E OAT A 256-0 6 72E-0 6 36E-0 4 DAT A CAT A OAT A 18E-0 6 996-0 6 DAT A DAT A 25E-0 5 736-1 0 OAT A C2E-0 6 046-1 2 DAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A 43E-0 5 35E-0 2 106-0 8 19E-C 9 736-0 7 63E-1 1 26E-0 5 84E-0 9 1 .

6 . 1 . 1 . N O 6 . 2 . 2 . 4 . 2 . 1 . 5 . 3 . 2 . 1 . 1 . N O N U N O 2 . 6 . 4 . N O NO N O NO NO NO NO N U LIVE R 595-0 7 C9E-0 7 72.-0 6 37.-0 . DAT A 39F-0 6 I2i£-1 0 986-0 6 626-0 6 596-0 7 896-C 6 436-0 6 o6F- H 546-1 0 076-0 5 15F- U DAT A OAT A OAT A 386-0 5 826-0 8 403-0 8 DAT A OAT A CAT A CAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A T.BOC Y

1 6 . 1 . 8 I I 3 . 6 I 3 2 2 1 1 7 8 4 5 2 1 3 2 1 8 4 5 1 1 2 5 596 - 096 - 726 - .956 - .696 - .0.6 - 156 - .936 - 796 - .476 - .486 - .476 - .596 - .066 - .80E - .076 - 30C - .416 - .296 - .05E - .40E - .91E - .56E - .356 - .39E - .08E - .OO E .77 6 .21 E

. 36 E - 0 7

- 0 7

- 0 6

- 0 6

- 0 8 -0 6 -1 1

- 0 7 -0 6

- 0 7 -0 6 -0 6 -1 1 -1 0

- 0 6 -1 3

- 0 8

- 0 8 r0 9

- 0 5

- 0 8

- 0 8

- 0 6 -0 4 -1 0 -1 1

- 0 8 -1 2 -0 6 -1 1 THYROI D 1.596-0 7 6.09E-0 7 1.726-0 6 N O DAT A 9.37E-0 9 NO N U NO NO NO NO NO NO N O NO N O NO NO NO NO N O N O N O NO N O N O NO N O NO NO DAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A
OAT A DAT A DAT A
OAT A DAT A OAT A
DAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A OAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A DAT A
OAT A OAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A KIDNE Y

1 . 6. ( 59F-0 7 •»9E-0 7 1.72E-0 6 N C 3 . 1 . 2. . NO NO NO N G NO NO 8 . 1 . 7 . N O NC NO N O N O N O N C NO NO NO N O N O NO NO DAT A 346-0 9 S9E-0 6 .46-1 0 OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A DAT A
OAT A 316-1 0 386-0 5 53E-1 2 DAT A OAT A
DAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A I .

6 . 1 . N C 2 . 2 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 3 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . LUN G 596 - 09E 72E - •0 7 •0 7 •0 6 ) DAT A 62E 48E 906 - 556 - 916 - 686 - 096 - 84E 17E 39E 55E 986 - •0 6 -0 4 -0 6 -0 5 -0 4 -0 4 -0 3 •0 5 -0 6 -0 6 -0 4 -0 7 N O OAT A N C N C ) DAT A ) DAT A N O DAT A N O DAT A
N O OAT A 3 . 2 . 7 . 3 , 3 . 4 . 3 . 3 . 02E 06E 59E 43E 66E OOE 67E 35E - -0 4 -0 3 -0 6 -0 6 -0 5 -0 7 -0 4 -0 6 GI-LL I 1 . 6 . 1 . 1 . 3 . 8 . 7 . 7 . 2 . 1 . 3 1 4 7 5 3 59E 096 - 726 - 16F 75E 356 - 186 - 996 - 23E - .196 - .246 - .77E - .596 - .686 - .836 - .566 - L T E - -0 7 -0 7 -0 6 -0 5 -0 7 -0 6 -0 6 -0 7 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 -0 6 -0 6 -0 6 -0 6 -0 8

. 4 L T E-2 4
L T E- , 2 3 . 4 . 4 . 9 3 I 6 3 5 2 216 - 65E - .22E - ,6s6 - .56E 246 - .496 - .99E -

• 77 E . H E .06 E . 4 -0 6 -1 5 -1 7 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 -0 9 -0 5 -0 5

1.109-4 7

## " ' p ! i

"lUGLIC E
Y9 3 Z R9 5 Z R9 7 N3 ' 9 5 M O 9 9 T C 99 W TClO l KU10 3 <U10 5 SU10 6 A G L I O P TE125 P
TE1 2 7" : TE12 7 TE129 H TF12 9 lEUl* - T613 1 TC13 2 1 13 C I 13 1 I 13 2 I 13 3 I 13 4 I 13 5 CS I 3 4 C.S l 3 6 CS13 7 CS|13 8 •3A13 9 BCN 6

1.696-0 8 1.826-0 5 I . 726-0 8 2.32C-0 6

.. 0 DAT A 1.736-1 3 7.406-1 5 2.636-0 7 1.406-l C 1.23F-0 5 1. 7 36-0 6 6.10E-0 7 2.256-0 6 2.516-1 0 1.746-0 6 8.876-1 2 1.236-0 8 1.97E-1 2 4.50£-0 e 7.80E-0 7 4.43E-0 6 1.996-0 7 1.526-0 6 l.UE-0 7 4.626-0 7 6.285-0 . 6.446-0 6 8.38E-0 5 5.82E-08 T 1.67.-1 0 TABL L E PAG E 8 , CONT' D 2 O F 3 INHALATIO N

DOS E FACTOR S TCR ( LIVF' . N O DAT A 5.735-0 6 3.406-0 9 1.295-0 6 2.115-0 8 4.B3E- 1 J 1.056-1 4 NO CAT A NO OAT A NO OAT A 1.645-0 6 2.806-0 7 1.026-0 6 1.14F-1 0 8..3E-0 7 4.225-1 2 7.515-0 9 1.045-1 2 3.6.E-0 8 2.245-0 6 6.14F-0 6 5.475-0 7 2..66-0 6 2.905-0 7 1.10E-0 6 1.41E-0 4 2 . -.25-0 5 1.066-0 4 1.076-0 7 1.186-1 3

» TEFNAGF R "RE * Pt R PC I INHALED )
T.I.OO Y 4.65E-1 C 3.946-0 6 1.576-0 9 7.086-0 7 4.036-0 9 6.246-1 2 1.036-1 3 1.12 c -0 7 5.426-1 1 1.555-0 6 9.99E-0- 7 8.34E-0 8 2.73E-0 7 5.52C- 1 I 2.816- 0 7 2.20E-1 2 5.03E-0 9 6.30E-1 3 2.74E-0 8 8.9e6-0 7 3.30E-0 6 1.97E-0 7 7.78E-0 7 1.056-0 7 4.366-0 7 6.e66-0 5 1.716-0 5 3.896- 0 5 5.586-0 8 4.876-1 2 THYROI O

N O DAT A NO DAT A N O DAT A N UDAT A NO CAT A N O OAT A N O OAT A NO UAT A NO OAT A N O DAT A N UDAT A 1.756-0 7 5.4eE-0 7 1.776-1 0 5.72E-0 7 6.486-1 2 9.066-0 9 1.556-1 2 3.076-0 8 1.866-0 4 1.836-0 3 1.896-0 5 3.656-0 4 4.94E-0 6 7.766-0 5 NO DAT A NO DAT A N O DAT A NO OAT A N O DAT A

1.109-4 8 KIDNE Y

NO DATA e.426-0 6 .5.15E-0 9 1.25E-0 6 5.146-0 8 7.206-1 2 1.906-1 3 9.29E-C 7 1.76E-1 0 2.386-0 5 3.136-0 6 NO DATA 8.176-0 6 9.10E-1 0 6.496-0 6 3.32E- U 5.496-0 8 7.72E-1 2 2.446-0 7 3.44E-0 6 1.05E-0 5 8.65E-0 7 4.496-0 6 4.586-0 7 1.866-0 6 4.696-0 5 1.386-0 5 3.806-0 5 8.286-0 8 l.HE-1 3 LUNG

1.046-0 5 3.366-0 4 1.626-0 5 9.39E-C 5 1.92E-0 5 1.446-0 7 8.34E-0 8 9.796-0 5 2.276-0 6 2.016-0 3 8.446-0 4 6.706-0 5 2.07E-0 4 I.406-0 6 2.476-0 4 4.12E-0 7 2.97E-0 5 2.926-0 7 5.616-0 5 N O OAT A N O OAT A NO OAT A NO OAT A NO DAT A NO OAT A 1.836-0 5 2.226-0 6 1.516-0 5 9.84E-0 9 8.086-0 7 . N• * •

GI-LL I 7.24E-0 5 1.866-0 5 7.886-0 5 1.21E-0 5 3.366-0 5 7.66E-0 7 1.096-16 1.36P-0 5 1.136-0 5 1.206-0 4 3.41F-0 5 9.38E-0 6 1.99E-0 5 1.016-0 5 N 5.06E-0 5 J 2.02E-0 7 7.76E-0 5 1.89E-09 5.79F-0 5 1.146-P6 8.11F-0 7 1.59E-0 7 1.296-0 6 2.55C-0 9 8.69E-0 7 1.226-06 I . 366-0 6 1.066-06 3.386-1 1 8.066-0 7TAUL E E-8 , CUNT' C PAG E 3 O F 3 INHALATIO N OUS E FACTOR S FC R TEENAGE R

.MRE M PE R PC I INHALED ) P.5 5

NUCLID E

. A 14 0 • 5 A 1 4 I »'A14 2
LA14 0 LA14 ? CE14 1 C614 3 CE14 4 P914 3 IVR14 4 MC14 7 W 18 7 00N 6

6.84E-0 6 1.786-1 1 4.62E-1 2 5.996-0 8 1.20C-1 0 3.556-0 6 3.325-0 8 6.UE-0 4 1.676-0 6 5.37E-1 2 9.83E-C 7 1.50E-09 LlVL ?

8.i8F-0 9 1.J26-1 4 4.636-1 5 2.955-0 8 5.31E- U 2.37C-0 6 2.42E-0 8 2.536-0 4 6.64E-C 7 2.206-1 2 1.67E-0 6 1.22 C -C 9 T.3CC Y

4.406-0 7 5.91C-1 3 2.846-1 3 7.82C-0 9 1.326- 1 1 2.716-0 7 2.706-0 9 3.23E-0 5 J.2SE-0 8 2.726-1 3 6.416- 0 8 4.29E-I C THYP.OI C

N O N O N O NO NO N O NO NO NO NO N O NO DAT A DAT A DAT A CAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A OAT A KIDN6 Y

2.856-0 9 1.236-1 4 3.92E-1 5 N O OAT A NC DAT A 1 .11.-0 6 l.oec-0 8 1.516-0 4 3.866-0 7 1.26E-1 2 6.286-0 7 N C OAT A LUNG

2.546-0 4 4.116-0 7 2.396-0 7 2.686-0 5 1.276-06 7.676-0 5 1.636-0 5 1.67E-0 3 6.04E-0 5 2.196-0 7 4.656-0 5 5.92E-0 6 GI-LL I

2.86E-0 5 9.336-1 4 5.99E-2 0 6.09E-0 5 1.50E-0 6 1.58E-0 5 3.19E-0 5 1.08E-0 4 2.676-0 5 2.94E-L 4 2.28F-0 5 2.21F-0 5 JP23 9 4.236-0 8 3.995-0 9 2.215-0 9 N U OAT A 1.256-0 8 8.116-0 6 1.656-0 5

1.109-4 9P.5 6

TABL 6 E- 9 PAG 6 I U F 3 INHALATIO N

OCS E FACTOR S FC R CHIL D (MRE M P5 R PC I INHAL6D )
NUCLIC t
H . C N A P C R M N M N F 6 3 1 4 2 4 3 2 5 1 5 4 5 6 5 5 F6 | 5 9 C O C O N I
J I OU Z. N Z N

. R . J R

« • * KO K D K B SR S R SP . SR Y Y Y Y 5 3 6 0 6 3 6 5 6 4 6 5 6 9 8 3 8 4 8 5 8 6 8 8 8 9 8 9 9 0 9 1 9 2 9 0 91 M 9 1 9 2 N O 9 . 4 . 7 . NO NO N O I . 5 . N O NO 80N 6
DAT A 70E-0 6 35E-0 6 046-0 4 DAT A DAT A
DAT A 28E-0 5 59E-0 6
OAT A OAT A 2.226-0 4 8 . N U 1 . 1 . N O NO NO N O N O N O I . 2 . 3 . 3 . 1 . 1 . 2 . 5 . C8E-1 0 DAT A 15E-0 5 816-1 1 OAT A DAT A OAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A 62E-0 4 73E-0 2 286-0 8 .45-0 9 116-0 6 376-1 0 476-0 4 506-0 9 3 .

1 . 4 . 3 . NO I . 4 . 6 . 9 . 4 . 3 . 1 . 7 . 5 . 3 . 2 . N O N U N O 5 . 1 . 9 . N O N U NO NO NO N C N O N O LIVE R C45-0 7 825-0 6 355-0 6 095-0 5 OAT A 165-0 5 485-1 0 006-0 6 C46-0 6 796-0 7 556-0 6 256-0 5 996-1 1 396-1 0 066-0 5 616-1 1 OAT A OAT A OAT A 366-0 5 526-0 7 335-0 8 DAT A DAT A
CAT A OAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A DAT A T.rtOCY

3 . 1 . 4 . 2 . 4 2 8 . ?.. 4 . 8 . 6 7
4 2 1 2 - 1 1 6 3 9
7 4 I 1 I 2 4 6 1 046 - 826 - 356 - 676 - 17E 576 - 436 - 106 - 516 - 556 - 126 - 566 - 44E - .90C - .90C 4 U - .286 - 486 - 346 - .096 - .906 - ,8J 6 .666 - .746 - .24 6 .426 - .99 6 .936 - .59 6 .57 E - 0 I -0 6

- 0 6

- 0 5

- 0 8

- 0 6

- 1 t -0 6 -0 6

- 0 7 -0 6

- 0 6 -1 1 -1 0

- 0 5 -1 2

- 0 7

- 0 7

- 0 9

- 0 5 -0 8

- 0 8 -0 6

- 0 3 -0 9 -1 0

- 0 8 -1 2 -0 6 -1 0 THYROI D 3.046-0 7 1.826-0 6 4.356-0 6 N O OAT A 2.31F-0 8 N O NO NO N U NO NO NO N O NO N O N O NO NO NO NO NO N O N O N O N O NO N O NO N O N O DAT A
OAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A
DAT A OAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A CAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A DAT A DAT A
OAT A OAT A DAT A KIDN6 Y

3.046-0 7 1.826-0 6 4 . NC J5E-C 6
OAT A 6.576-0 9 2 . •16-0 6 4.526-1 0 N O NO N O N O NO Nt i DAT A DAT A
OAT A DAT A UAT A
DAT A 1.636-0 9 I . 1 . NO NO N O N O N O N O NO N C NO NO NO N O NO NO 536-0 5 586-1 1 DAT A DAT A
OAT A OAT A DAT *
DAT A DAT A OAT A
DAT A OAT A DAT A
DAT A OAT A DAT A 3 .

1 . 4 . LUN G 04E 826 - 356 - •0 7 •0 6 -0 6
N O DAT A 4 . 4 . 3 . 3 . 3 . 2 . 1 . 7 . 2 . 2 . ?. 3 . 596 - 26E 55E OOE 43C 99E 91E 43E 21E 59E 696 - 846 - •0 6 -0 4 •0 6 •0 5 -0 4 •0 4 -0 3 -0 5 -0 6 -0 6
: 0 4 -0 7 N O OAT A N O OAT A
N O DAT A N O DAT A N O CAT A
N O OAT A 5 . 3 . 1 . 6 . 7 , 7 . 7 . 6 83E 99E 44E 49C 07E 60F 10E 466 - -0 4 -0 3 -0 5 -0 6 -0 5 -0 7 -0 4 -C 6 GI-LL I 3 . 1 . 4 . 1 . 2 . 6 . 3 . 7 . L . 04E 82E 356 - 146 - 936 - 196 - 33C 75E 91E 9.29E 2 .60E 1.71E 2 9 4 2 .27E - .926 - .416 - .756 - L T E - -0 7 -0 6 -0 6 -0 5 -0 7 -0 6 -0 5 -0 7 -0 5 -0 6 -0 5 -0 6 -0 5 -0 6 -0 6 -0 6

. 4 L T E-2 4
L T E 2 .166 - 4.666 - 5 4 9 4 6 7 4 4 6 .116 - .526 - .28E - .7 0 .- .556 - .24 6 .64 6 .976 - .46 6 ? 4 -0 6 -0 9 -1 0 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 -0 7 -0 5 -0 5

1.109-5 0P.5 7

TAflL L 6-9 , CONT' D PAG 6 2 O F 3 INHALATIO N

OLS 6 FACTOR S FO R CHIL O ("RE M P6 R PC I INHAL60 ) tUCLlD E BUN 6 LIV. R T.iiOD Y THYRUI D KION6 Y LUNG Gl-LL I Y 9 3 5.046-0 8 .N O OAT A 1.386-0 9 N

O DAT A N O DAT A 2.01E-0 5 1.05E-0 4 Z R 9 5 5.13E-0 5 1.135-0 5 l.OOE-0 5 NO OAT A 1.616-0 5 6.036-0 4 1.65E-0 5 Z R 9 7 5.076-0 8 7.346-0 9 4.326-0 9 NO OAT A 1.05E-0 8 3.066-0 5 9.49E-0 5 N H 9 . 6.356-0 6 2.48E-0 6 1.776-0 6 NO OAT A 2.33E-0 6 1.666-0 4 1.00E-0 5 MO 9 9 N

O DAT A 4.66E-0 8 1.15E-0 8 N O DAT A I.C6E-0 7 3.666-0 5 3.42E-0 5 T C 99 f 4.816-1 3 9.41C-1 3 1.566-1 1 NO DAT A 1.37C- U2.57E-C 7 1.30E-0 6 TClO i 2.19E-1 4 2.30E-1 4 2.91E-1 3 N O DAT A 3.926-1 3 1.586-0 7 4.41F-0 9 RU10 3 7.556-0 7 N O OAT A 2.906-0 7 NO OAT A 1.906-0 6 1.796-0 4 1.216-C 5 RU10 5 4.136-1 0 N UDAT A 1.506-1 0 NO DAT A 3.63E-1 0 4.30E-0 6 2.696-0 5 RU10 6 3.686-0 5 NO DAT A 4.576-0 6 NO DAT A 4.97E-0 5 3.87E-0 3 1.166-0 4 AGIIO M 4.56E-0 6 3.086-0 6 2.476-0 6 NO OAT A 5.74L-0 6 1.486-0 3 2.71E-0 5 TEL25 M 1.82E-0 6 6.295-0 7 2.47E-0 7 5.20.-0 7 NC DAT A 1.296-0 4 9.136-0 6 TE127 M 6.726-0 6 2.31E-0 6 8.loE-0 7 1.64E-0 6 1.72E-0 5 4.006-0 4 1.936-0 5 TE12 7 7.496-1 0 2.576-1 0 1.656-1 0 5.306-1 0 1.916-0 9 2.716-0 6 1.526-0 5 1E129 M 5.19E-C 6 1.856-0 6 8.226-0 7 1.716-0 6 1.366-0 5 4.766-0 4 4.916-0 5 T612 9 2.646- U9.456-1 2 6.44C-1 2 1.936-1 1 6.94E- U7.936-0 7 6.896-0 6 T6131 M 3.636-C 8 1.606-0 8 1.37E-0 8 2.64E-0 8 1.086-0 7 5.5*6-0 5 8.326-0 5 T513 1 5.87E-1 2 2.28E-1 2 1.78C-1 2 4.596-1 2 1.59E- U5.556-0 7 3.606-0 7 TF13 2 1.306-0 7 7.366-0 8 7.126-0 8 8.586-0 8 4.796-0 7 1.026-0 4 3.726-0 5 I 13 0 2.216-0 6 4.435-0 6 2.286-0 6 4.996-0 4 6.616-0 6 N O DAT A 1.386-0 6 I 13 1 1.306-0 5 1.306-0 5 7.376-0 6 4.396-0 3 2.l3e-0 5 NO DAT A 7.636-0 7 I 13 2 5.726-0 7 1.105-0 6 5.076-0 7 5.236-0 5 1.696-0 6 NO OAT A 8.656-0 7 I 13 3 4.48C-0 6 5.495-0 6 2.086-0 6 1.046-0 3 9.136-0 6 NO DAT A 1.48E-0 6 I 13 4 3.17E-0 7 5.845-0 7 2.69E-0 7 1.37E-0 5 8.92E-0 7 NO DAT A 2.58E-0 7 I 13 5 1.336-0 6 2.366-0 6 1.126-0 6 2.14C-0 4 3.626-0 6 NO DAT A 1.20E-06 CS13 4 1.766-0 4 2.746-0 4 6.076-0 5 N O OAT A 8.936-0 5 3.276-0 5 1.04E-0 6 CS13 6 1.766-0 5 4.626-0 5 3.14E-0 5 NO DATA 2.586-0 5 3.936-0 6 1.136-0 6 CS13 7 2.456-0 4 2.235-0 4 3.476-0 5 N O OATA 7.63E-0 5 2.816-0 5 9.786-0 7 CS13 8 1.716-0 7 2.276-0 7 1.506-0 7 N O DAT A 1.686-0 7 1.84E-0 8 7.296-0 8 BA13 9 4.98E-1 0 2.66F-1 3 1.45E-1 1 N O DAT A 2.336-1 3 1.566-06 1.56E-0 5

1.109-5 1P.5 8

TABL E 6-9 , CONT' C PAG E 3 O F 3 INHALATIO N DUS 6 FACTOR S FO R CHIL O (MRE M PE R PC I INHALEO )
NUC L IIU

E I3A14 0 BA14 1 e.A1 4 2
LA14 0 LA14 2 CE14 1 CE14 3 CE14 4 PR14 3 PR14 4 NUL4 7 W 18 7 BUN E

2.00E-0 5 5.296-1 1 1.356-1 1 1.74E-0 7 3.50E-1 0 1.06E-0 5 9.89E-0 8 1.836-0 3 4.996-0 6 1.61E-1 1 2.92E-0 6 4.*.16-0 9 LIV6 R

1.756-0 8 2.956-1 4 9.73C-1 5 6.086-0 8 I.116-1 0 5.286-0 6 5.376-0 8 5.72E-0 4 1.506-0 6 4.996-1 2 2.366-0 6 2.61C-0 9 T.BOD Y

1.17E-0 6 1.726-1 2 7..4E-1 3 2.04E- 0 8 3.49E- 1 I 7.83E-0 7 7.77E-0 9 9.776-0 5 2.476-0 7 8.106-1 3 1.84F- 0 7 1.17F-0 9 THYROI C

N O N O N O
N O N O N O
N O N O N O
N O N O N O OAT A DAT A CAT A
OAT A OAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A OAT A DAT A KIDNE Y

5.716-0 9 2.566-1 4 7.376-1 5
N O OAT A N O OAT A 2.31E-0 6 2.266-0 8 3.176-0 4 8.11t-0 7 2.646-1 2 1.30E-0 6 N C DAT A LUN G

4.71E-0 4 7.896-0 7 4.446-0 7 4.94E-0 5 2.356-0 6 1.47E-0 4 3.12E-0 5 3.23C-0 3 L.17E-0 4 4.23E-0 7 8.876-0 5 1.L1E-0 5 GI-LL I

2.75E-0 5 7.44E-0 8 7.41F-1 0 6.10E-0 5 2.05E-0 5 1.53E-0 5 3.44E-0 5 1.05E-0 4 2.63E-0 5 5.32E-0 8 2.22F-0 5 2.466-0 5 NP23 9 1.266-0 7 9.04 c - 0 9 6.356-0 9 N O OAT A 2.636-0 8 1.576-0 5 1.736-0 5

1.109-5 2P.5 9

TABL E E-1 0 PAG E 1 O F 3 INHALATIO N

DOS E FACTOR S FO R INFAN T (MRE M PE R PC I INHAL6D )
NU C
H
c • N A i » C R M N
M N F 6 F E C O C O N I
N l C U Z N
Z N B R H R
R R R B '< B
R B S R S R
S R S R Y
Y Y Y :LID E 3 1 4 2 4 3 2 5 1 5 4 5 6 5 5 5 9 5 8 6 0 6 3 6 5 6 4 6 5 6 9 8 3 8 4 8 a 8 6 8 8 8 9 8 9 9 0 9 1 9 2 9 0
9li * 9 1 9 2 N O I . 7 . L . N O N O
N O 1 . 9 . N O N O 2 . 1 . N O I . 3 . N O N O
N O N O N O
N O 2 . 2 . 6 . 7 . 2 . 2 . 4 . 1 . B0N 6
DAT A 896-0 5 546-0 6 45E-0 3 UAT A OAT A OAT A 41E-0 5 69E-C 6
OAT A OAT A 426-0 4 71E-0 9 DAT A 386-0 5
ese- u OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A UAT A OAT A 84E-0 4 92E-0 2 836-0 8 50E-0 9 35E-0 6 916-1 0 206-0 4 176-0 8 4 .

3 . 7 . 8 . N O 1 . 1 . 8 . 1 . 8 . 5 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 4 . 6 . N O N O
N O 1 . 3 . 2 . N O N U
N O N C N O
N G N O N O LIV6 R 626-0 7 79E-0 6 54E-0 6 036-0 5 DAT A 816-0 5 106-0 9 39L-0 6 685-0 5 716-0 7 736-0 6 466-0 5 03C-1 0 346-0 9 WF-0 5 91E- U OAT A UAT A
DAT A 36C-0 4 986-0 7 296-0 7 DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A T.BOC Y

4 . 3 . 7 . 5 . 6 . 3 . 1 . 2 . 6 . 1 . 8 . 8 8 . 5 2 5 2 . 2 . 1 6 . 2 1 . 8 . 1 . 2 2 6 9 I 3 626 - 79E 54E 53E 39E 56C 506 - 386 - 776 - 306 - 416 - 296 - 79E - .536 - .226 - 13E 726 - 866 - 466 - 306 - .OaE 476 - 15C 856 - .476 - .796 - .306 - .90 6 .126 - .29 E -0 7 -0 6

- 0 6 -0 5 -0 8 -0 6 -1 0 -0 6 -0 6 -0 6 -0 6

- 0 6 -1 1 -1 0

- 0 5 -1 2

- 0 7

- 0 7

- 0 8

- 0 5

- 0 7

- 0 7 -0 6

- 0 3 -0 9 -1 0 -0 8 -1 2 -0 5 -1 0 THYROI D 4.62F-0 7 3.796-0 6 7. !
N O 4 . N O
N O N O N O
N O N O N O
N O N O N O
N O N O N O
N O N O N O
N O N O N O
N O N O N O
N O N Q N O 546-0 6 OAT A 116-0 8 DAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A
DAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A
DAT A OAT A OAT A KIDN6 Y

4.626-0 7 3 . 7. '
N G 9. ' 3. ' 7. 1 N O N O
N O N O N O
N O 2 . 2 . 2 . N C N O
N C N O N O
N O N O N C
N O N O N O
N O N C N O 79E-0 6 54E-0 6 OAT A ^56-0 9 566-0 6 366-1 0 OAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A 346-0 9 326-0 5 176-1 1 DAT A DAT A
DAT A OAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A 4 .

3 . 7 . LUN G 626 - 796 - 546 - -0 7 -0 6 -0 6
N O DAT A 9 . 7 . fl. 6 . 7 . 5 . 3 . 1 . 5 . 6 . 4 . 1 . 176 - 146 - 95E - -0 6 -0 4 -0 6 21E-0 5 256 - 556 - -0 4 •0 4 22E-0 3 496 - 80E 64E 62E 056 - -0 4 -0 6 -0 6 -0 4 -0 6 N O OAT A N O DAT A
N O DAT A N O DAT A N O OAT A
NC 1 . 8 . 3 . 1 . 1 . 1 . L . 1 . ) OAT A 456-0 3 03E 766 - 70E 926 - 99E 756 - 75E - •0 3 -0 5 -0 5 -0 4 -0 6 -0 3 -0 5 GI-LL I 4 3 7 1 2 5 5 7 L 7 2 L 3 1 3 9 .626 - .796 - .546 - .L5E - .556 - .04E - .1?E - .826 - .776 - .95E - .286 - .73 6 .58E - .076 - .676 - .446 - L T 6 - L T E- - L 1 2 ? 4 4 9 5 1 7 1 5 9 r 6 -

. 17E - .42E - .87E - .57E - .366 - .246 - .00 6 .436 - .686 - .02E - .04E - -0 7 -0 6 -0 6 -0 5 -0 7 -0 6 -0 5 -0 7 -0 5 -0 6 -0 5 -0 6 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 -0 6

. 4 2 4 2 4 -0 6 -0 7 -0 8 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 -0 4 -0 5 -0 6 -0 5 -0 5

1.109-5 3TABL E E-10 , CONT' D PAG E 2 O F 3 INHALATIO

N DCS E FACTOR S FO

R INFAN T (MRE M PE R PC I INHALED ) NUCLID E BON

E LIVE

R T.BOU

Y THYROI D KIONE Y LUN

G GI-LL I Y 9 3 1.07E-0 7 N O OAT A 2.9LE-0 9 N

O DAT A N O OAT A 5.46E-0 5 1.19E-0 4 Z R 9 5 8.24E-0 5 1.99E-0 5 L.45E-0 5 N O OAT A 2.226-0 5 1.25E-0 3 1.55E-0 5 Z R 9 7 L.07E-0 7 1.83E-0 8 8.36E-0 9 N O OAT A 1.85E-0 8 7.88E-0 5 l.OOE-0 4 N B 9 5 1.12E-0 5 4.596-0 6 2.70E-0 6 N O OAT A 3.37E-0 6 3.42E-0 4 9.0SE-0 6 M O 9 9 N

O OAT A 1.186-0 7 2.31E-0 8 N O DAT A 1.89E-0 7 9.63E-0 5 3.48E-0 5 T C 99 M 9.98E-L 3 2.06E-1 2 2.666-1 1 N O DAT A 2.22E-1 1 5.79E-0 7 1.45E-0 6 TCLO L 4.656-1 4 5.88E-L 4 5.80E-L 3 N O OAT A 6.99E-L 3 4.17E-0 7 6.03E-0 7 RU10 3 L.44E-0 6 N O OAT A 4.85E-0 7 N

O OAT A 3.03E-0 6 3.94E-0 4 1.15E-0 5 RU10 5 8.74E-1 0 N O OAT A 2.93E-L 0 N

O DAT A 6.42E-1 0 1.L2E-0 5 3.46E-0 5 RU10 6 6.20E-0 5 N O OAT A 7.77E-0 6 N

O OAT A 7.61E-0 5 8.26E-0 3 1.176-0 4 AGIIO M 7.136-0 6 5.166-0 6 3.57E-0 6 N O OAT A 7.80E-0 6 2.62E-0 3 2.366-0 5 TEL25 M 3.40E-0 6 1.42E-0 6 4.70E-0 7 L.16E-0 6 N O OAT A 3.19E-0 4 9.22E-0 6 TE127 M 1.19E-0 5 4.93E-0 6 1.486-0 6 3.48E-0 6 2.68E-0 5 9.37E-0 4 1.95E-0 5 TE12J 7 1.59E-0 9 6.8LE-1 0 3.49E-1 0 1.32E-0 9 3.47E-0 9 7.39E-0 6 1.74E-0 5 TE12j? M 1.01E-0 5 4.35E-0 6 1.596-0 6 3.91E-0 6 2.27E-0 5 1.20E-0 3 4.93E-0 5 TEL2| 9 5.63E- U2.48E-LL L.34E-L L 4.82E-1 1 1.25E-1 0 2.L4E-0 6 L.88E-0 5 TE13!L M 7.62E-0 8 3.93E-0 8 2.59E-0 8 6.38E-0 8 1.89E-0 7 L.42E-0 4 8.516-0 5 TE13 1 L.24E-L

L 5.87E-L 2 3.57E-1 2 1.136-1 1 2.856-1 1 l.47E-r0 6 5.87E-0 6 TE13I 2 2.66E-0 7 1.69E-0 7 1.26E-0 7 1.99E-0 7 7.39E-0 7 2.43E-0 4 3.15E-0 5 1 13 0 4.54E-"0 6 9.9LE-0 6 3.986-0 6 1.146-0 3 L.09E-0 5 N O OAT A 1.426-0 6 I 13L 2.716-0 5 3.17E-0 5 L.40E-0 5 1.06E-0 2 3.706-0 5 N O OAT A 7.56E-0 7 I 13 2 1.21E-0 6 2.53E-0 6 8.99E-0 7 1.216-0 4 2.82E-0 6 N O OAT A 1.36E-0 6 I 13 3 9.46E-0 6 1.37E-0 5 4.00E-0 6 2.546-0 3 1.60E-0 5 N O OAT A 1.54E-0 6 I 13 4 6.58E-0 7 I.34E-0 6 4.756-0 7 3.18E-0 5 1.49E-0 6 N O OAT A 9.21E-0 7 I 13 5 2.76E-0 6 5.43E-0 6 1.986-0 6 4.97E-0 4 6.05E-0 6 N O OAT A 1.31E-0 6 CS13 4 2.83E-0 4 5.02E-0 4 5.32E-0 5 N O OAT A 1.366-0 4 5.69E-0 5 9.53E-0 7 CS13 6 3.45E-0 5 9.61E-0 5 3.78E-0 5 N O OAT A 4.03E-0 5 8.40E-0 6 1.026-0 6 CS13 7 3.92E-0 4 4.376-0 4 3.25E-0 5 N O OAT A L.23E-0 4 5.09E-0 5 9.53E-0 7 CSL3' 8 3.6LE-0 7 5.58E-0 7 2.846-0 7 N O OAT A 2.93E-0 7 4.67E-0 8 6.266-0 7 BA13 9 1.06E-0 9 7.03E-L 3 3.07E-L I N O OAT A 4.23E-L 3 4.25E-0 6 3.646-0 5

1.109-54P.6 1

TABL E E-LO t CONT' D PAG E 3 O F 3 INHALATIO

N DOS E FACTOR S FO

R INFAN

T (MRE M PE R PC I INHALED ) NUCLID E BAL4 0 .A14 1 HA14 2 LA14 0 LA14 2 CE14 1 CE14 3 CE14 4 PRL4 3 PR 14 4 ND14 7 W 18 7 BON E

4.00E-0 5 L.L2E-L O 2.84E-L L 3.61E-0 7 7.36E-L 0 L.98E-0 5 2.09E-0 7 2.28E-0 3 1.006-0 5 3.42E-L I 5.67E-0 6 9.26E-0 9 LIVE R

4.00E-0 8 7.70E-1 4 2.36E-1 4 L.43E-0 7 2.69E-1 0 1.196-0 5 1.386-0 7 8.656-0 4 3.746-0 6 L.32E-L 1 5.8LF-0 6 6.44E-0 9 T.BOO

Y 2.07E-0 6 3.556-1 2 1.406-1 2 3.68E-0 8 6.46E- U L.42E-0 6 L.58E-0 8 L.26E-0 4 4.99E-0 7 L.72E-1 2 3.57E-0 7 2.23E-0 9 THYROI D

N O NO NO N O NO NO N O N O N O N O NO N O DAT A DAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A KIONE Y

9.59E-0 9 4.64E-L 4 1.36E-1 4 N O OAT A NO OAT A 3.756-0 6 4.03E-0 8 3.84E-0 4 1.41E-0 6 4.80E-1 2 2.25E-0 6 N O OAT A LUNG

1.14E-0 3 2.126-0 6 L.llE-0 6 1.20E-0 4 5.87E-0 6 3.696-0 4 8.30E-0 5 7.03E-0 3 3.09E-0 4 1.L5E-0 6 2.30E-0 4 2.83E-0 5 GI-LL I

2.74E-0 5 3.396-0 6 4.95E-0 7 6.06E-0 5 4.25E-0 5 1.54E-0 5 3.55E-0 5 L.06E-0 4 2.66E-0 5 3.066-0 6 2.23E-0 5 2.54E-0 5 NP23 9 2.65E-5.0

T 2.37E-0 8 1.34E-0 8 N O OAT A 4.73E-0 8 4.25E-0 5 1.78E-0 5

1.109-5 5TABL E E-l l PAG E 1 O F 3 INGESTIO N

OUS E FACTOR S FO R ADULT S (MREM PER PC I INGESTED )
NUCLIC E H C N A P CR M N M N F E F E C O C O N I N I C U Z N Z N B R B R B R R B R B R 8 S R S R S R S R Y Y Y Y 3 1 4 2 4 3 2 5 1 I 5 4 5 6 5 5 5 9 5 8 6 0 6 3 6 5 6 4 6 5 6 9 8 3 8 4 8 5 8 6 8 8 8 9 8 9 9 0 9 1 9 2 9 0 91 M 9 1 9 2 N O 2 . 1 . 1 . NO NO NO 2 . 4 . NO N O 1 . 5 . NO 4 . 1 . 4 0 NO N O NO NO N O 3 . .7 . 5 . 2 . 9 . 9 . 1 . 8 . BON E
DAT A 84E-0 6 706-0 6 93E-0 4 DAT A UAT A
OAT A 75E-0 6 34E-0 6
OAT A OAT A 30E-C 4 28E-0 7 OAT A 84E-0 6 0 3E-0 8 OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A 08E-0 4 58E-0 3 67E-0 6 ISE-0 6 62E-0 9 09E-L I 41E-0 7 45E-1 0 I .

5 . 1 . 1 . N O 4 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 7 . 2 . 9 . 6 . 8 . 1 . 1 . NO N O N O 2 . 6 . 4 . N O N O N O N O N U N G N G NO LIVE R 05E-0 7 68E-0 7 70E-0 6 20E-0 5 CAT A 576-0 6 15C-0 7 90E-0 6 02E-0 5 45t_-0 7 14F-0 6 016-0 6 86E-0 8 33E-0 8 545-0 5 97E-0 8 OAT A OAT A OAT A 115-0 5 055-0 8 016-0 8 OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A CAT A T.BOD Y

1 . 5 . 1 . 7 . 2 . 8 . 2 . 4 . 3 . 1 . 4 . 4 . 3 . 3 . 6 . 1 . 4 . 5 . 2 9 3 . 2 8 1 2 . 9 2 3 3 2 05E 686 - - 0 7

- 0 7 70E-0 6 466 - 6&E 72E 04E 41E 91E 67E 72C 366 - 136 - 91E 96E 37F 026 - 21 6 14 6 .83E - .216 - .82 6 .846 - .866 - .296 -

. 30E - .58 6 .52 E .77 E .47 6 -0 6 -0 9

- 0 7

- 0 8

- 0 7 -0 6 -0 6 -0 6 -0 6

- 0 8 -0 8 -0 6 -0 9 -0 8 -0 8 -0 9 -0 6 -0 8 -0 8 -0 6

- 0 3

- 0 7 -0 8 -1 0 -1 2 -0 9 -I L THYROI O 1.05E-0 7 5.68E-0 7 1 . NO r0E-0 6
OAT A 1.59E-0 9 NO N O NO N O NO N O N O N O NO NO N O NO N O N O N O N O N O NO N O N O N O NO N O N O NO DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A
UAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A
DAT A UAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A CAT A OAT A OAT A KIDNE Y

l. l D5E-0 7 5.68E-0 7 1 . N C 5. 1 I . .OE-0 6
OAT A J6E-1 0 366-0 6 1.466-0 7 N O N O N O N O N O N O 2 . L . I. . N O N O N C N O N O N O NO N O N C N C N G N O N O N O OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A 106-0 7 33E-0 5 ?8E-0 8 OAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A CAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A LUN G

1.05E-0 7 5.68E-0 7 1.70E-0 6 N O OAT A 3.53E-0 9 NO NO OAT A
OAT A 1.06E-0 6 2.85E-0 6 N O N O N O N O OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A N D DAT A N O NO N O NO N O NO NO N O N O N O NO N O N O N O N O N O OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A GI-LL I

1 . 5 . L 2 6 L . 3 L 3 I 4 1 I 7 9 2 5 4 .056 - .686 - • 70E - .17E - .69E - .40E - .67F - .09E - .40E - .51E - .026 - .88E - .74E - .10E - .706 - .96E - .796 - • 0

• 0

- 0

•0 ! -o- , •0 1 -0 6 -0 6 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 -0 6 -0 6 -0 6 -0 6 -0 9 -0 8 .09E-1 3
L T E-2 4 4 8 2 4 2 2 4 L 2 7 L .166 - .366 - .33E - .94E - .19E - .70E - .26E - .02E - .67E - .76E - .486 - -0 6 -1 9 -2 1 -0 5 -0 4 -0 5 -0 5 -0 4 -1 0 -0 5 -0 5

1.109-5 6P.6 3

TABL E 6-ll t CONT' D PAG E 2 O

T 3 INGESTIO N

DOS E FACTOR S FC RADULT S (MRE M Ph R PC I INGESTED ) NUCLID E Y 9 3 Z R 9 5 Z R 9 7 NH 9 5 M O 9 9 TC 99 M TCIO L 1U10 3 RU10 5 RU10 6 AGIIO M T6L25 M TEL27 M TE12 7 TE129 M T612 9 TE131 M T E 1 3 L T 613 2 I 13 0 I 13 1 I 13 2 1 13 3 I 13 4 I 13 5 CS13 4 CS13 6 CS13 7 CS13 8 BA13 9 BON E

2.68E-C 9 3.04E-0 8 1.68E-0 9 6.22E-C 9 NO OAT A 2.476-1 0 2.54E-1 0 1.85E-0 7 1.54E-0 8 2^756-0 6 1.606-0 7 2.6.E-0 6 6.77E-0 6 1.106-0 7 1.156-0 5 3.146-0 8 1.73E-06 1.976-0 8 2.526-0 6 7.566-0 7 4.165-0 6 2.036-0 7 1.426-0 6 1.06C-0 7 4.436-0 7 6.226-0 5 6.51E-0 6 7.976-0 5 5.526-0 8 9.706-0 8 LIVE R

N O OAT A 9.75E-C 9 3.395-1 0 3.466-0 9 4.316-0 6 6.985-1 0 3.666-1 0 N O UATA N UCAT A N O OAT A 1.48F-0 7 9.716-0 7 2.42C-0 6 3.956-0 3 4.?9 C -C 6 1 . 18E-0 8 8.465-C 7 3.235-0 9 1.63E-0 6 2. 2 35-0 6 5.955-0 6 5.43F-0 ? 2.<t7E-0 6 2.88C-0 7 1 . 165-0 6 1.485-0 4 2.575-0 5 I.C9E-0 4 1.C9E-0 7 6.915- H T.BOC Y

7.40E- 1 I 6.606-0 9 1.55E-1 0 1.86E- 0 9 8.20E-0 7 8.89E-0 9 3.59E-0 9 7.975-0 8 6.036-0 9 3.436-0 7 8.796- 0 8 3.59C-0 7 8.25C-0 7 2.3H6-0 8 1.826-0 6 7.6.6-0 9 7.056-0 7 6.226-0 9 1.5.6-0 6 8.806-0 7 3.41E-0 6 1.90E- 0 7 7.536- 0 7 1.036- 0 7 4.23C-0 7 1.21E-0 4 1.856-0 5 7.146-0 5 5.406-0 8 2.846-0 9 THYR01 C

NO N O N O N O NO NO N O NO NO

NO 8 . 1 . 8 . 3 . 2 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 3 . 4 . 7 . N O N U N O N O NO OAT A DAT A DAT A DATA DAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A DAT A DATA 06F-0 7 73E-0 6 156-0 8 95E-0 6 41E-0 8 346-0 6 626-0 8 8CE-C 6 89F-0 4 956-C 3 90E-0 5 636-0 4 995-0 6 65E-0 5 OAT A OAT A OAT A DATA OAT A KIONE Y

NO DAT A 1.53E-0 8 5.12E-1 0 3.42E-C 9 9.766-0 6 1.06E-0 8 6.596-0 9 7.066-0 7 1.99E-0 7 5.31E-0 6 2.916-0 7 1.096-0 5 2.756-0 5 4.486-0 7 4.806-0 5 . 1.32E-0 7 8.576-0 6 3. 6 36-0 8 1.576-0 5 3.485-0 6 1.02.-^ 5 8.65.-0 7 4.316-0 6 4.586-0 7 1.366-C 6 4.79t-0 5 1.436-0 5 3.70t-0 5 8.01t-0 8 6.466- U LUNG

N O NO NO DAT A CAT A DAT A NO OAT A NO OAT A 3.426-1 0 1 . NO NO N O NO NO N O N O N O N U NO N O NO NO N O N O NO N O N O 1 . 1 . 1 . 7 . 3 . 37E-1 0 DAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A CAT A DAT A OAT A OATA CAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A 595-0 5 966-0 6 236-0 5 91E-0 9 92E- U GI-LL I

8.506-0 5 3.096-0 5 1.05E-0 4 2.10E-0 5 9.99E-0 6 4.13E-0 7 1.10E-2 1 2.16E-0 5 9.42E-0 6 1.78E-0 4 6.04E-0 5 1.07F-0 5 2.27E-C 5 8.68E-0 6 5.79E-0 5 2.37E-0 8 8.40E-0 5 2.79E-C 9 7.71E-0 5 1.92E-06 1.57E-0 6 1.026-0 7 2.226-0 6 2.516-1 0 1.316-0 6 2.596-0 6 2.92E-0 6 2.UE-0 6 4.65E-1 3 1.72E-0 7

1.109-5 7P.64

TA..L F E-ll , CONT' D PAG E 3 O

F 3 INGESTIO N

DnS E FACTOR S FO R ADULT S (MR£ KPL

R PC I INGESTED )
NUCLIl' E

• I AL4 0 r. A 1 4 I HA14 2
LA14 0 LA14 2 _E14 L -E14 3 CE14 4 P R1 4 J PRI4 4 N014 7 . V. 13 7 BON E

2.03C-C 5 4.71E-0 8 2.13E-C 8 2.50C-0 9 1.28E-1 0 9.36E-0 9 1.65E-0 9 4.88E-0 7 9.206-0 9 3.015-1 1 6.295-0 9 1.036-0 7 L IV6 R

2.555-0 8 3 . .65-1 1 2.196-1 1 1.265-0 9 5.825- U 6..35-0 9 1.225-0 6 2.C45-0 7 3.695-0 9 1.25.-1 1 7._76-C . 8.615-0 8 T.ailD

Y 1.336-0 6 1.596-09 1.346-0 9 3.335-1 0 1.456-1 1 7.18E-I C 1.356-1 0 2.625-0 8 4.566-» 0 1.5.6-1 2 4.356-1 0 3.01E-0 8 THYROI D

NO NO N O NO NO NO NO NO N O NO NO NO DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A KIONE Y

8.676-0 9 3.316-1 1 1.356-1 1 NO DAT A NC- DAT A 2.94E-0 9 5.37E-1 0 1.216-0 7 2.136-0 9 7.056-1 2 4.256-0 9 NO DAT A LUNG

1.466-0 8 2.02E- U 1.24E- U N O DAT A NO OAT A NO OAT A NO OAT A N O OAT A N O OAT A NO OAT A NO OAT A NO OAT A GI-LL I

4.18E-0 5 2.22E-1 7 3.00E-2 6 9.25E-0 5 4.25E-0 7 2.42E-0 5 4.56E-0 5 1.65E-0 4 4.03E-0 5 4.33E-1 8 3.49E-0 5 2.82E-0 5 ,.P23 9 1.19E-0 9 1.17C-1 0 6.45E-1 1 N O OAT A 3.656-1 0 NO OAT A 2.40E-0 5

1.109-5 8P.65

TABL 6 6-1 2
PAG E I O

F 3
INGESTIO N

OOS E FACTOR S FC R TEENAGE R (MRE M PE R PC I INGESTED )
NUCLID E
I I C M A

r> C R ." N
M N F 6 F E C O C O J I Hi 

## c u / N
ZN f. 9 •_ R

» * i< 8 * 8
HB SR SR
SR SR Y
Y Y Y I

. 3 1 4 2 4 3 2 5 1 5 4 5 6 5 5 5 9
5 8 6 0 6 3 6 5 6 4 6 5 6 9 8 3 8 4 8 5 8 6 8 3 8 9 8 9 9 0 9 1 9 2 9 0 91 M 9 1 9 2 NO 4 . 2 . 2 . N U NO
N O 3 . 5 . N O NO 1 . 7 . N O 5 . 1 . N O N O
NO N O N O
N O 4 . 8 . 8 . 3 . 1 . 1 . 2 . 1 . BON E
DAT A 06E-0 6 30E-0 6 76E-0 4 OAT A CAT A
UAT A 78E-0 6 87E-0 6
DAT A DAT A 77E-0 4 49E-0 7 OAT A 76E-0 6 47E-0 8 DAT A DAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A
DAT A 40E-0 4 30E-0 3 07E-0 6 056-0 6 376-0 8 296-1 0 016-0 7 21E-0 9 1 .

8 . 2 . 1 . N O 5 . 1 . 2 . 1 . 9 . 2 . 1 . 9 . 1 . ? . 2 . N O N O
NO 2 . 8 . 5 . NO NO
N O N O NO
N O N U N O LIV6 R 065-0 7 126-0 7 306-0 6 71C-0 5 DAT A 905-0 6 .8C-0 7 68F-0 6 J 76-0 5 726-0 7 61E-0 6 25C-0 5 576-08 ' 156-0 7 C0E-C 5 806-0 8 OAT A CAT A OAT A 98E-0 5 52E-0 8 506-0 8 OAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A DAT A OAT A T.BOC Y

1 . 8 . 2 . 1 . 3 . 1 . 2 . 6 . 5 2 . 6 . 6 4 . 5 . 9 . 1 5 . 7 . 3 1 4 3 I 2 3 1 3 4 5 3 06E- 0 7 12 6 3CE 076 - 6Q6 - 176 - 816 - 256 - 296 - 246 - 336 - OOE 36 E 416 - 336 - 966 - 74 6 22 6 05 6 .40E - .54E 89 E .26 5 .05 E .21 6 .30 6 .69 6 .936 - .396 - 50 6 - 0 7

- 0 6

- 0 5

- 0 9

- 0 6

- 0 3

- 0 7

- 0 6

- 0 6 -0 6 -0 6
-O b

- 0 8

- 0 6

- 0 9

- 0 8

- 0 8 -0 9

- 0 5

- 0 8

- 0 8

- 0 5

- 0 3 -0 7

- 0 7 -1 0 -1 2 -0 9 -1 1 THYROI U 1.06C-0 7 3 . L2F-0 7 2.306-0 6
NO OAT A 2.006-0 9 N O
N O NO N O
NO NO NO
N O NO NO
N O NO NO
NO NO N O
NO NO NO
NO N O N O
N O NO NO DAT A
DAT A OAT A OAT A
DAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A OATA DATA OATA OATA DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A KIONE Y

1.06E-0 7 3 . 2 . NO L26-0 7 306-0 6
DATA 7.396-1 0 1 . 766-0 6 2.00E-0 7 N G NO
NO NO N O
NO DAT A DATA
UAT A OAT A OAT A
DAT A 2.916-0 7 1.286-0 5 1 . NO NO
N O NO NO
N O N O N O
NO N O NO
N C N O N O 

### ne-o a DAT A DAT A
DAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A DAT A LUN G

1.066-0 7 8 . 2 . NO 5 . NO
N O 1 . 4 . NO NO N O
NO NO NO
N O NO N O
M O N O N O
NO NO NO
N O N O NO
NO N O N O L26-0 7 30E-0 6
OAT A 146-0 9 DAT A
DAT A 70E-0 6 32E-0 6
OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A
DAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A CAT A OAT A
DAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A GI-LL I

1 8 . 2 . 2 . 6 . 1 . 06E 12F 30E 32E 05E 216 - 1.046 - 1.166 - 3 .24E 1.346 - 3.66E 1.99E 5 .19E 8.92E 8.47E 5 .16E - -0 7 -0 7 -0 6 -0 5

- 0 7 -0 5 -0 5 -0 6 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 -0 6 -0 6 -0 6 -0 6 -0 8 L T E-2 4 L T E-2 4
L T E-2 4 4 7 .416 - .306 - 8.43F 5 2 .246 - .336 - 3.66E 7 1 6 77E -

. 13E - .09E 8.24E 3.32E - -0 6 -1 5 -1 7 -0 5 -0 4 -0 5 -0 5 -0 4 -0 9 -0 5 -0 5

1.109-5 9TABL F E-12 , CONT' D PAG E 2 O

F 3 INGESTIOi N

OOS E FACTOR S FOR TEENAGE R (MREM PF R PC I INGESTEO )
NUC L I 'J

E
Y 9 3 Z K9 5 * R 9 7

< . 9 5 M O 9 9 T C 99 M TClO l RU10 3 KU10 5 RU10 6 AGIIO M TE125< * TF127 M TE12 7 TE129 M T6L2 9 TElll " TF13 1 IE13 2 I 13 0 I 13 1
I 13 2 I 13. 3 1 13 4
I 13 5 CSli 4 CS13 6 CS13 7 CS13 8 3A13 9 B0N 6

3.836-0 9 4.126-0 8 2.376-0 9 3.22E-0 9 N O DAT A 3.326-1 0 3.60E-I C 2.55E-0 7 2.18E-0 8 3.92E-0 6 2.C5E-0 7 3.33E-0 6 9.67E-0 6 1.58E-0 7 1.636-0 5 4.48E-0 3 2.446-0 6 2.796-0 8 3.49E-0 6 1.036-0 6 5.856-0 6 2.796-0 7 2.016-0 6 1.466-0 7 6.106-0 7 8.376-0 5 8.596-0 6 1.12E-0 4 7.76E-0 8 1.39E-0 7 LIVE R

N O OAT A 1.30C-0 8 4.695-1 0 4.56.-0 9 6.03E-0 6 9.265-1 0 5.125-1 0 N UOAT A N O UAT A
N O OAT A 1.946-0 7 I.386-0 6 3.4.E-0 6 5.605-0 8 6.056-0 6 I.67F-0 8 1.17C-0 6 1.156-0 8 2.21F-0 6 2.986-0 6 8.19C-0 6 7.iCC-0 7 3.416-0 6 3.076-0 7 1..7E-0 6 1.976-0 4 3..486-0 5 1.49E-0 4 1.496-0 7 9.785-1 1 T.BOD Y

1.05E-1 0 8.9«.6-0 9 2.16E-1 0 2.516-0 9 1.15F-0 6 1.206-0 8 5.03E-0 9 1.09E- 0 7 8.46E-0 9 4.946-0 7 1 . 136- 0 7 5.12E-0 7 1.15E-0 6 3.40E-0 8 2.58E-0 6 1.09E-0 8 9.76E-0 7 3.72E-0 9 2.06E-0 6 1.19E-0 6 4.40E-0 6 2.62.E- 0 7 1.046-0 6 1.396-0 7 5.826-0 7 9.146-0 5 2.276-0 5 5.19E-0 5 7.45E-0 8 4.05E-0 9 THYROI D

N O N O N O
N O N O N O
N O N O N O
N O N O L . 2 . 1 . 5 . 3 . 1 . 2 . 2 . 2 . 2 . 2 . 4 . 6 . 1 . N O N O
N O N O N O DAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A DAT A 0 76-0 6 30E-0 6 09F-0 7 266-0 6 20E-0 S 766-0 6 15E-0 8 33E-0 6 4 3E-0 4 39E-0 3 466-0 5 76E-0 4 456-0 6 016-0 4 OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A KIDNE Y

N O DAT A 1.916-0 8 7.UE-1 0 4.42E-0 9 1.38E-0 5 I.386-0 8 9.26E-0 9 8.996-0 7 2.75E-0 7 7.56E-0 6 3.70E-0 7 N O DAT A 3.92E-0 5 6.40E-0 7 6.82E-0 5 1.88.-0 7 1.226-0 5 1.226-0 7 2.12E-0 5 4.59E-0 6 1.416-0 5 1.156-0 6 5.98E-0 6 6.10E-0 7 2.48E-0 6 6.266-0 5 1.846-0 5 5.07E-0 5 I.106-0 7 9.226-1 1 LUN G

NO NO N O
N O NO 5 . 3 . N O N O
N O N O N O
NO N O N O
N O N O NO
N O N O NO
N O N O N O OAT A DAT A OAT A
OAT A DAT A L4E-L 0 12E-1 0 OAT A OAT A
DATA . OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A
N O OAT A 2.39E-0 5 2.906-0 6
L. < 1. . 6 . J7E-0 5 .8F-0 8 74E-I L GI-LL I

1.17E-0 4 3.00E-0 5 I.276-0 4 1.95F-0 5 1.08E-0 5 6.08E-0 7

. 8.75E-1 7 2.13E-0 5 L.76E-0 5 1.88E-0 4 5.45E-0 5 I.L3E-0 5 2.4LE-0 5 L.22E-0 5 6.12E-0 S 2.45F-0 7 9.39E-0 5 2.29C-0 9 7.00E-0 5 2.29E-0 6 1.62E-0 6 3.18E-0 7 2.58E-0 6 5.106-0 9 1.74E-0 6 2.45E-0 6 2.72E-0 6 2.12E-0 6 6.76E- H I.24E-0 6

1.109-6 0TABL E E-12 , CONT' D PAG E 3 O

F 3 INGESTIO N

OOS E FACTOR S FOR TEFNAGF R (MRE M PE R PC I ING6STCD ) P.6 7

NUCLK C BA14 0 BA14 L .TA14 2 LA14 0 I.A14 2 C614 1 CC14 3 CF14 4 PR14 3 PR14 4 N014 7 W 18 7 BON E

2.846-0 5 6.71E-0 8 2.99C-0 8 3.485-0 9 1.79C-1 0 1.33E-0 8 2.356-0 9 6.966-0 7 1.316-0 6 4.306-1 1 9.38C-0 9 1.466-0 7 LIVE R

3.485-0 3 5.(!l5-l l 2.996-1 1 1.715-0 9 7.956-1 1 8.885-0 9 1.715-0 6 2.885-0 7 5.235-0 9 1.765-1 1 1.02F-0 8 1.195-0 7 T.tJOC

Y 1. 8 36- 0 6 2.246-0 9 1.846-0 9 4.556-1 0 1.98E- U 1.026-0 9 1.91E-1 0 3.746- 0 8 6.52E-1 0 2.18E-1 2 6.11E-1 0 4.17E-0 8 THYROI D

NO NO J O N O N O N O NO N O N U NO NO N O OAT A OAT A DAT A CAT A OAT A DAT A UAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A OAT A DAT A KIDNE Y

1.186-0 8 4.656-1 1 2.53.-1 1 NC OAT A NO DAT A 4.186-0 9 7.676-1 0 1.726-0 7 3.«4E-0 9 1.01E-1 1 5.991.-0 9 NO OAT A LU.N

G 2.346-0 8 3.43E-1 1 1.996-1 1 NO DAT A NO OAT A N O DATA N O DAT A NO OAT A NO CAT A NO OAT A NO DAT A NO CAT A GI-LL I

4.386-0 5 1.436-1 3 9.186-2 0 9.826-0 5 2.426-0 6 2.546-0 5 5.14E-0 5 1.75F-0 4 4.316-0 5 4.74E-L 4 3.68E-0 5 3.22E-0 5 NP23 9 1.76E-0 9 I.665-1 0 9.226-1 1 * 0 DAT A 5.216-1 0 NO CAT A 2.67E-0 5

1.109-6 1P.6 8

TABL 5 6-1 3
PAG E 1 O F 3
INGESTIO N

DOS E FACTOR S FO R CHIL D (MRE M PE R PC I INGESTED )
NUCLIU E
H 3 C 1 4 N A 2 4
P 3 2 C R 5 1 M N 5 4 BON F

N O OAT A 1.21E-0 5 5.80E-0 6 8.25E-0 4 N O OAT A N O OAT A LIVE R

2.036-0 7 2.*2E-0 6 5.806-0 6 3.865-0 5 N O CAT A 1.076-0 5 T.BOU Y

2.036-0 7 2.42E-0 6 5.80E-0 6 3.18E-0 5 8.90E-0 9 2.85E-0 6 THYROI O

2.03E-0 7 2.42E-0 6 5.806-0 6
N O DAT A 4.94E-0 9 N O OAT A KIONE Y

2.03E-0 7 2.42E-0 6 5.806-0 6
N O OA.T

A 1.35E-0 9 3.00E-0 6 LUN G

2.03E-0 7 2.42E-0 6 5.80E-0 6
N O DAT A 9.02E-0 9 N O DAT A GI-LL I

2.03E-0 7 2.42E-0 6 5.80E-0 6 2.28E-0 5 4.726-0 7 8.98E-0 6
M N 5 6 F E 5 5 F E 5 9
C O C O 5 8 6 0 M I 6 3
N I CU Z N
Z N B R B R 6 5 6 4 6 5 6 9 8 3 8 4
B R 8 . K B 8 6 R B 8 8 NO OAT A

1.156-0 5 1.656-0 5 3.34E-0 7

6.10E-0 6 2. 6 7E-0 5 7.54E-0 8

1.896-0 6 1.33E-0 5 N O DAT A

N O DAT A NO OAT A 4.04E-0 7

N O OAT A NO DAT A N O OAT A

3.45E-0 6 7.74E-0 6 4.846-0 5

1.13E-06 2.78E-0 5
NO OAT A NO DAT A 5.38E-C 4 1.80E-0 6

5.29F-0 6 2.886-0 5 5.51E- 0 6

1.566-0 5 1.83E-0 5 NO OAT A

NO DAT A N O OAT A N O OAT A N O OAT

A N O OAT

A N O OAT A N O DAT A N O DAT A 2.22E-0 6 N O OAT A 1.376-0 5 2.09F-0 7

2.456-0 7 3.O56-0 5 1.226-0 7

1.48E- 0 7 2.27E-0 5 N O DAT A

N O OAT A N O DAT A N O OAT A

5.92E-0 7 2.30E-0 5 N O OAT A

N O DAT A N O OAT A 4.385-0 8 N O OAT A N O DAT A 6..3E-0 8

N O OAT A N O OAT A 5.85E-0 9

1.71E-0 7 1.986-0 7 N O DAT A

N O DAT A N O DAT A 3.84E-0 8

N O DAT A N O DAT A N O DAT A

N O DAT A N O OAT A
N O DAT A N O OAT A N O DAT A N O DAT A

6.706-0 5 1.90E-0 7 9.12E-0 9

4.12E-0 5 1.32E-0 7 N O DAT A

N O OAT A N O DAT A N O DAT A

N O DAT A N O DAT A N O DAT A

N O OAT A N O OAT A 1.05E-0 5

2.93E-0 5 1.94E-0 6 2.56E-0 5 1.15E-0 5 6.41E-0 6 3.99E-0 6 L T E-2 4 L T E-2 4
L T E-2 4 4.31F-0 6 9.32C-0 9
R B S R S R
S R S R Y
Y Y Y |8 9 8 9 9 0 9 1 9 2 9 0 9 I K 9 1 9 2 N O DAT A 1 . 1 . 2 9 . 4 . 3 6 3 326 - 70E 40E 036 - 116 - 82E 02E 60E - -0 3 -0 2 -0 5 -0 6 -0 8 -1 0 -0 7 -0 9 1 . NO NO
N O NO NO
NO N O N O L76-0 7 OAT A UAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A
DAT A DAT A DAT A 1

3 4 9 3 1 1 1 1 046 - .776 - .316 - 066 - .626 - .106 - .39E - .61F - .03E - - 0 7

- 0 5

- 0 3

- 0 7

- 0 7

- 0 9 -1 1

- 0 8 -1 0 NO N O N O
N O NO NO
N O N O NO DAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A DAT A
OAT A DAT A OAT A N O

NO NO
NO N O N O
N O N O N O OAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A DAT A N O

N O NO
N O NO NO
N O NO N O OAT A DAT A OAT A
DAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A OAT A OAT A 1

5 2 5 I 1
7 8 I 026 - .UE - .29E - .30E - .7LE -

. 17E - .48E - .02E - .04E - -0 9 •0 5 -0 4 -0 5 -0 4 -0 4 -0 7 -0 5 -0 4

1.109-6 2P.6 9

TABL E E-13 , CONT' D PAG E 2 O F 3 INGESTIO N

OOS 6 FACTOR S FO R CHIL D (MR6 M Pfi . PC I INC6STED ) NUCLIC E BON E LIVE R T.30U YTHYROI D KIDNE YLUN G GI-LL I Y9 3 1.14C-C 8 N O OAT A 3.13C-1 0 N O OAT A N O DAT A

N O OAT A

1.70E-0 4 Z R9 5 1.166-0 7 2..5E-0 8 2.276-0 8 N O OAT A 3.65E-0 8 N O DAT A 2.666-0 5 Z R9 7 6.996-0 9 1.01E-0 9 5.966-1 0 N O UAT A 1.45E-0 9 N O OAT A 1.53E-0 4 N R9 5 2.25E-0 8 8.76E-0 9 6.26E-0 9 N O OAT A 8.236-0 9 N O OAT A 1.62E-0 5 M O 9 9 N O DAT A

1.336-0 5 3.296-0 6 N O OAT A 2.846-0 5 N O OAT A 1.10E-0 5 T C 99 M 9.23E-1 0 1.81E-0 9 3.006-0 8 N O DAT A 2.636-0 8 9.196-1 0 1.036-0 6 TClO l 1.076-0 9 1.126-0 9 1.425-0 8 N O DAT A 1.9U-0 8 5.92E-1 0 3.566-0 9 RU10 3 7.316-0 7 NO DAT A 2.816-0 7 NO OAT A 1.846-0 6 NO DAT A 1.89E-0 5 f.UlOS 6.45E-0 8 NO DAT A 2.34E-0 8 NO OAT A 5.676-0 7 NO OAT A 4.21E-0 5 KUL0 6 1.17E-.0 5 N O DAT A 1.466-0 6 N

O DATA 1.586-0 5 N

O DAT A 1.82E-0 4 AGIIO M 5.396-0 7 3.64C-0 7 2.91E-0 7 NO OAT A 6.786-0 7 N O OAT A 4.33E-0 5 TF125 M I.146-0 5 3.09E-0 6 1.52E-0 6 3.20E-0 6 N O OAT A NO OAT A

I.106-0 5 TE127 M 2.896-0 5 7.786-0 6 3.43E-0 6 6.916-0 6 8.246-0 5 NO OAT A 2.34E-0 5 TF12 7 4.71E-0 7 1.27F-0 7 1.01E-0 7 3.26E-0 7 1.346-0 6 NO DAT A 1.84E-0 5 TE129 " 4.876-0 5 1.366-0 5 7.566-0 6 1.576-0 5 1.436-0 4 N O OAT A 5.94E-05 - TE12 9 1.346-0 7 3.74E-0 8 3.186-0 8 9.566-0 8 3.926-0 7 NO DAT A 8.346-0 6 T6131 H 7.206-0 6 2.496-0 6 2.656-0 6 5.126-0 6 2.41E-0 5 NO CAT A 1.01E-0 4 TE1.3 1 8.30E-0 8 2.536-0 8 2.47E-0 8 6.35E-0 8 2.51E-0 7 N O DAT A 4.36E-0 7 T613 2 1.01E-0 5 4.47E-0 6 5.40E-0 6 6.51E-0 6 4.15E-0 5 N O DAT A 4.50E-0 5 I 13 0 2.92E-0 6 5.90E-0 6 3.046-0 6 6.506-0 4 8.826-0 6 N O OAT A 2.766-0 6 I 13 1 1.726-0 5 1.73E-0 5 9.836-0 6 5.72E-0 3 2.846-0 5 N O OAT A 1.546-0 6 I 13 2 8.00E-0 7 I.475-0 6 6.76E-0 7 6.82E-0 5 2.256-0 6 N O DAT A 1.736-0 6 I 13 3 5.926-0 6 7.326-0 6 2.776-0 6 1.366-0 3 1.22E-0 5 N O DAT A 2.956-0 6 I 13 4 4.196-0 7 7.786-0 7 3.586-0 7 1.796-0 5 1.196-0 6 N O DAT A 5.166-0 7 I 13 5 1.756-0 6 3.15E-0 6 1.49E-0 6 2.79E-0 4 4.836-0 6 N O DAT A 2.406-0 6 CS13 4 2.346-0 4 3.84C-0 4 8.10E-0 5 N O DAT A 1.19E-0 4 4.276-0 5 2.07E-0 6 CS13 6 2.35E-0 5 6.466-0 5 4.18E-0 5 N O DAT A 3.44E-0 5 5.13E-0 6 2.27E-0 6 CS13 7 3.27E-0 4 3.13C-0 4 4.62E-0 5 N O OAT A 1.026-C 4 3.67E-0 5 1.96E-0 6 CS13 8 2.28E-0 7 3.17E-0 7 2.01E-0 7 N O OAT A 2.236-0 7 2.40E-0 8 1.46E-0 7 3A13 9 4.14E-0 7 2.21E-1 0 1.20E-0 8 N O OAT A 1.936-1 0 1.30E-1 0 2.39E-0 5

1.109-6 3TA6L C E-13 , C0N1' 0 P4G 6 3 O F 3 INGESTIO N

DOS E FACTOR S FO R CHIL D (MRE M PE R PC I INGESTED ) P.7 0

NUCL I H E RA.14 0 _A14

_ 0A14 2 L A 14 0 LA14 2 CE14 1 CE14 3 CE14 4 PR14 3 PR14 4 N014 7 W 18 7 BON E

8.J1E-0 5 2.00E-0 7 8.746-0 8 1.01E-0 8 5.24E-1 0 3.97E-0 8 6.99C-0 9 2.08E-0 6 3.93E-0 8 1.29C-1 0 2.79E-0 8 4.29E-0 7 LIVE R

7.285-0 8 1.125-1 0 6.29E- U .3 . 53E-0 9 1.67F-1 0 1.985-0 8 3.79E-0 6 6.525-0 7 1 . 18C-0 8 3.996-1 1 2.266-0 8 2.545-0 7 T.dOD

Y 4.856-0 6 6.516-0 9 4.88E-0 9 1.19E-0 9 5.23E-1 1 2.945-0 9 5.49E-1 0 l.UE-0 7 1.95E-0 9 6.496-1 2 1.75E-0 9 1.14E-0 7 THYROI D

NO N O N O
•J O N O N O NO NO N O NO N O N U DAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A DAT A DATA KIDNE Y

2.37L-0 8 9.696-1 1 5.09E- U NC DATA NO DATA 8.68E-0 9 1.596-0 9 3.616-0 7 6.396-0 9 2.116-1 1 1.246-0 8 NO DAT A LUN

G 4.346-0 8 6.586-1 0 3.705-1 1 NO OATA NO DAT A N O OAT A NO DAT A N O OAT A NO DAT A N O DAT A N O DAT A N O DAT A GI-LL I

4.216-0 5 1.146-0 7 1.146-09 9.846-0 5 3.316-0 5 2.476-0 5 5.55C-0 5 1.706-0 4 4.246-0 5 8.596-0 8 3.58E-0 5 3.57E-0 5 NP23 9 5.256-0 9 3.776-1 0 2.656-1 0 N O DAT A 1.096-0 9 N O DAT A 2.796-0 5

1.109-6 4P.7 1

TABL E E-1 4 PAG E 1 O F 3 INGESTIO N

OOS E FACTOR S FO R INFAN T (MRE M PE R PC I INGESTED )
NUCLID E H C N A P C R M N M N F E F F C O C O N I N I CU Z N ZN U R b R B R R B K B R C SR SR S R S R Y Y Y Y 3 1 4 2 4 3 2 5 1 5 4 5 6 5 5 5 9 5 8 6 0 6 3 6 5 6 4 6 5 6 9 8 3 8 4 8 5 8 6 8 8 8 9 8 9 9 0 9 L 9 2 9 0 9L M 9 1 9 2 NO 2 . 1 . 1 . N O N O NO I . 3 . N O N O 6 . 4 . NO 1 . 9 . NO NO N O N O N O N O 2 . 1 . 5 . 1 . 8 . 8 . 1 . 7 . BON E OAT A 37E-0 5 01E-0 5 70E-0 3 OAT A OAT A
OAT A 39E-0 5 08E-0 5
DAT A OAT A 34E-0 4 70E-0 6 OAT A 34E-0 5 33E-0 8 OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A 5LE-0 3 05E-0 2 00E-C 5 92C-0 5 69E-0 8 10E-1 C 13E-0 6 65E-0 9 3 .

5 . 1 . 1 . N O 1 . 8 . 8 . 5 . 3 . 1 . 3 . 5 . 6 . 6 . 1 . MO NO N O I . 4 . 2 . NO N U N U NO N U NO N O NO LIVE R 086-0 7 06E-0 6 01C-0 5 00E-0 4 OAT A 99E-0 5 18E-0 7 98E-0 6 386-0 5 60E-0 6 086-0 5 926-0 5 32E-0 7 096-0 7 316-0 5 686-0 7 OAT A DAT A
DAT A 705-0 4 986-0 7 866-0 7 OAT A DAT A
DAT A OAT A DAT A
DAT A OAT A OAT A 3

5 1 6 . 1 . 4 . 1 . 2 . 2 . 8 . 2 . 2 . 2 2 2 . 1 3 3 1 8 . 2 1 7 4 1 7 2 2 3 2 T.BOU Y .086 - .066 - .OlE - .59E - .41E - .51E 41E - .4CE - .12E 93E 55E - .20E - .426 - .82E - .91E - .25E - .63E - .82E - .94E - .40E - .73E - .97E - .20E - .71E - .81E - .136 - .3JE -

. 76E - .OlE -

. 15E - - 0 7 -0 6

- 0 5

- 0 5

- 0 8 -0 6

- 0 7 -0 6

- 0 5 -0 6

- 0 5

- 0 5

- 0 7

- 0 7

- 0 5

- 0 8

- 0 7

- 0 7

- 0 8

- 0 5

- 0 7

- 0 7

- 0 5

- 0 3 -0 6

- 0 7 -0 9 -1 1 -0 8 -1 0 THYROI D 3.08E-0 7 5.06E-0 6 L.01E-0 5 N O OAT A 9.20E-0 9 N O N U N O NO N O N O N O NO NO NO NO N O NO N O N O NO N O NO NO NO NO NO N O N O N O OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A DAT A
UAT A OAT A OAT A
DAT A OAT A OAT A
DAT A DAT A DAT A
DAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A DAT A KIONE Y

3 . 5. 1 l. l NO 2. 1 386-0 7 366-0 6 31E-0 5
OAT A 3LE-0 9 4.41E-0 6 7. 1 N O N O N O N C N O N O l. l 3. 1 6. ' N O N O N O NO N O NO NO N O N O NO N O NO NO NO 3 36-0 7 DAT A OAT A
DAT A OAT A DAT A
OAT A 33E-0 6 36E-0 5 J8E-0 8 OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A 1

3. 1 LUN G 38E-0 7 5.06F-0 6 l.OLE-0 5 NO OAT A 1.79E-0 8 NO NO 4 . 1. ' N O N O NO N O NO N O N O NO N O N O N O N O NO N O N O N O N O NO N O N O N O CAT A OAT A 39E-0 6 59E-0 5
OAT A DAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A
OAT A OAT A OAT A GI-LL I

3 5 . 1 . 2 . 4 . 7 7 , I 2 8 . 2 . L 4 1 5 I .08E - .06E - .01E - .30E - .HE - .31E - .43E - .14E - .576 - .97E - .57E - .95E - .05E - .25E - .33E - .37F L T E- . -0 7 -0 6 -0 5 -0 5 -0 7 -0 6 -0 5 -0 6 -0 5 -0 6 -0 5 -0 6 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 -0 5 2 4 L T E-2 4
L T E- . 4 4 9 5 2 5 2 I 2 8 I .35E - .85F - .74E - .166 - .31E - .92E - .07E - .20E - .706 - .106 - .466 - 2 4 -0 6 -0 7 -0 8 -0 5 -0 4 -0 5 -0 4 -0 4 -0 6 -0 5 -0 4

1.109-6 5•> •

TABL E 6-14 , CONT' O PAG E 2 O

F 3 ING6STIO N UOS E FACTOR S FO R INFAN T (MRE M PE R PC I INGESTED ) NUCLID E Y 9 3 Z R 9 5 Z R 9 7

. B 9 5 M O 9 9 TC 99 M TClO l RU10 3 RU10 5 RU10 6 AGIIO M TE125 M TE127 M TE12 7 TE129 M TE12 9 TE131 M TE13 1 TE13 2 I 13 0 I 13 1 I 13 2 I 13 3 I 13 4 I 13 5 CS13 4 CS13 6 CS13 7 CS I 3 8 BA13 9 BON E

2.43E-0 8 2.06E-0 7 1.48E-0 8 4.20E-0 8 NO OAT A 1.926-09 2.27E-0 9 1.48E-0 6 1.36E-0 7 2.41E-0 5 9.96E-0 7 2.33E-0 5 5.85E-0 5 l.OOE-0 6 1.00E-0 4 2.84E-0 7 1.52E-0 5 1.76E-0 7 2.08E-0 5 6.006-0 6 3.59E-0 5 1.666-0 6 1.256-0 5 8.69E-0 7 3.64E-0 6 3.77E-0 4 4.59E-0 5 5.22E-0 4 4.816-0 7 8.81E-0 7 LIVE R

N O DAT A 5.02E-0 8 2.54E-0 9 1.73E-0 8 3.405-0 5 3.965-0 9 2.86E-0 9 N O UAT A N O OAT A N O DAT A 7.275-0 7 7.79C-0 6 1.946-0 5 3.35E-0 7 3.435-0 5 9.79E-0 8 6.12E-0 6 6.50E-0 8 1.03E-0 5 1.32E-0 5 4.236-0 5 3.37E-0 6 1.825-0 5 1.785-0 6 7.245-0 6 7.035-0 4 1.356-0 4 6.116-0 4 7.826-0 7 5.84E-1 0 T.OOO Y

6.62E-1 0 3.56E-0 8 1.16E-0 9 1.00E-0 8 6.636-0 6 5.106-0 8 2. 8 36- 0 8 4.95E-0 7 4.58E-0 8 3.016-0 6 4.81E-0 7 3.15E-0 6 7.08E-0 6 2.15E-0 7 1.54E-0 5 6.63E-0 8 5.05E-0 6 4.94E- 0 8 9.61E-0 6 5.30E-0 6 1.866-0 5 1.20E-0 6 5.33E-0 6 6.33E-0 7 2.64E-0 6 7.10E-0 5 5.04E-0 5 4.336-0 5 3.79E-0 7 2 . 556-0 8 THYROI O

N O N O N O NO NO NO NO N O NO N O NO 7 . 1 . 8 . 3 . 2 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 3 . 4 . 6 . N O NO N O NO NO OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A DAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A 84E-0 6 69E-0 5 14E-0 7 84E-0 5 386-0 7 246-0 5 576-0 7 526-0 5 48E-0 3 396-0 2 58E-0 4 316-0 3 155-0 5 496-0 4 OAT A UAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A KIONE Y

N O OAT A 5.41E-0 8 2.56E-0 9 I.246-0 8 5.08E-0 5 4.26E-0 8 3.40E-0 8 3.08E-0 6 l.OOE-0 6 2.85E-0 5 1.04E-0 6 NO DAT A 1.44E-0 4 2.446-0 6 2.506-0 4 7.076-0 7 4.216-0 5 4.506-0 7 6.44E-0 5 1.456-0 5 4.94E-0 5 3.76E-0 6 2.14E-0 5 1.99E-0 6 3.07E-0 6 1.81E-0 4 5.38E-0 5 1.64E-0 4 3.90E-0 7 3.51E-1 0 LUNG

N O N O N O OAT A OAT A OAT A N O OAT A N O OAT A 2.07E-0 9 1. ! NO N O NO N O NO NO NO NO N O NO N O N O NO NO N O NO NO N O 7. '

6 . 6 . 3 . 56E-0 9 DAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A DAT A DAT A OAT A V2E-0 5 10E-0 5 54E-0 5 09E-0 8 54E-1 0 GI-LL I

1.92E-0 4 2.50F-0 5 1.62E-0 4 1.46E-0 5 1.12E-0 5 1.15E-0 6 4.86E-0 7 1.80E-0 5 5.41E-0 5 1.83F-0 4 3.77E-0 5 1.11E-0 5 2.36E-0 5 2.10ET0 5 5.97E-0 5 2.27E-0 5 1.03E-0 4 7.11E-0 6 3.81E-0 5 2.83E-0 6 1.51E-0 6 2.73E-0 6 3.08E-0 6 1.84E-06 2.62E-0 6 1.91E-0 6 2.05E-0 6 1.91E-06 1.25E-0 6 5.58E-0 5

1.109-6 6TABL E 6-14 , CONT' D PAG 6 3 O

F 3 INGESTIO

NOOS E FACTOR S FO

R INFAN T (MR6 M P6 K PC I ING6ST6D I P.7 3

NUCLILS E 3A14 U RA14 1 BA14 2 LA14 0 LA14 2 CE14 1 C614 3 C614 4 PR 14 3 P R 14 4 M O 14 7 V . 18 7 BON E

1.716-04 . 4.25E-0 7 1.84E-0 7 2.11E-0 8 1.10E-09 7.87E-0 8 1.48E-0 8 2.985-0 6 8.13E-0 8 2.74C-1 0 5.536-0 8 9.03E-0 7 LIVE R

1.71E-0 7 2.915-1 0 1.536-1 0 8.325-0 9 4.046-1 0 4.805-0 8 9.82E-0 6 1.226-0 6 3.C4E-0 8 1.066-1 0 5.686-0 8 6.286-0 7 T..3C0

Y 8.816-0 6 1.346- 0 8 9.066-0 9 2.146-0 9 9.6/6-1 1 5.65E-0 9 1.12E-0 9 1.67E-0 7 4 . 0.3E-0 9 1.386-1 1 3.486-0 9 2.176-0 7 THYROI D

N O NO NO NO NO NO N O NO N O N O N O N O DAT A OAT A DAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A OAT A KIDN6 Y

4.066-0 8 1.75E-1 0 8.81E-1 1 NO OAT A NC DAT A 1.48E-0 8 2.866-0 9 4.93E-0 7 1.136-0 8 3.846-1 1 2.196-0 8 NO DAT A LUNG

1.056-0 7 1.776-1 0 9.266-1 1 N O DAT A NO OAT A NO DAT A NO DAT A NO OAT A NO OAT A NO OAT A NO DAT A N O OAT A GI-LL I

4.20E-0 5 5.19E-0 6 7.596-0 7 9.776-0 5 6.866-0 5 2.48E-0 5 5.73E-0 5 1.71E-0 4 4.29E-0 5 4.93E-0 6 3.60E-0 5 3.69E-0 5 NP23 9 l.UE-0 8 9.936-1 0 5.616-1 0 N O DAT A 1.98E-0 9 NO OAT A 2.87E-0 5

1.109-6 71.109-68



### * Paramete r

Symbo l

f 

### g f t 

### p

r

S

### F


# S

\



### * f

* Paramete r TABL E E-1 5 RECOMMENDE D VALUE S FO

ROTHE R

Definitio n Fractio no f produc e Ingeste d grow ni ngarde no f interes t Fractio no f leaf y

vegetable s grow

nIngarde no f Interes t Effectiv e surfac e densit y o f soi l (assume s a 1 5 c m plo w layer , expresse d Indry weight ) Fractio no f deposite d activit y retaine d oncrops , leaf y vegetables , o r pastur e gras s

Attenuatio nfacto r accountin g fo r shielding provide d b y residentia l structure s

Period o f long-ter

m buildup fo r activit y

insedimen t o r soi l (nominall y

1 5 yr )
Period o f crop , leaf y

vegetable , o r pastur e gras s exposur e durin g growin g season

Transpor t tim

e fro m anima l feed-milk-ma n

value s give nwithou t reference s ar e base d onstaf f judgments .

'v . PARAMETERS ^ Equation(s ) Wher e Use d 1 4 & C-1 3 1 4 & C-1 3 4 . A-8 , A-13 , &

4 , A-8 , & A-1 3 C- 5 

### C

8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , B-6 , B-7 , B-8 , B- i & C- 2

3 , 4 , A-4 , A-5 , A-7 , A-8 , A-13 ,
4 , A-8 , A-13 , &

C-1 0



### _- ^ A

- &


### C - - 5

) ,

• 6 , C- 5



### - 5 Value s Reference d ) * 0.7 6 

### 1. 0 24 0 kg/m 2

0.2 5 1. 0 (fo r iodines ) 0. 2 (fo r othe r particulates ) 0. 7 (fo r maximu

m individual ) 0. 5 (fo r genera l population ) 1.3 1 xIO 5 hr

72 0 hr s (3 0 days , fo r grass-cow-milk ma npathway ) 144 0 hr s (6 0 days , fo r crop/vegetation ma npathway )

2 day s (fo r maximu

m individual ) 4 day s (fo r genera l population ) 

### —

— 1 0

2 7 2 . 4 , 13 , 28-3 1

2 6 2 6



### —

1 0 & 3 2



### — ~ - "

**»TABL E E-1 5 (Continued )

o IO Ol ID Paramete r Symbo l Definitio n

Tim e dela y

betwee nharves t o f vegetatio no r crop s an d ingestio n i ) Fo r ingestio no f forag e b y animal s

ii ) Fo r ingestio no f crop s b y ma n

Environmenta l transi t time , releas e t o recepto r (ad d tim e fro m releas e t o exposur e poin t t o minimum s show

nfo r distribution )

Averag e tim

e fro m slaughte r of

mea t anima l t o consumptio n Agricultura l productivit y b y uni t are a (measure d inwe t weight )

Rat e constan t fo r remova l o f activit y o nplan t o r lea f surface s b

y weatherin g (correspond s t o a 14-day half-life ) Equation(s )

Wher e Use d

4 , A-8 , A-13 , & C- 5

4 , A-8 , A-13 , & C- 5

1 & A- 2

2 & A- J

3 & A- 7 C-1 2

4 , A-8 , A-13 , & C- 5 Value s Reference(s) '

Zer o (fo r pastur e grass ) 216 0 h r (9 0 day s fo r store d feed ) 2 4 h r ( 1 day , fo r leaf y vegetable s & maximu m individual ) 144 0 h r (6 0 days , fo r produc e & maximu

m individual ) 33 6 h r (1 4 days , fo r genera l population ) 1 2 h r (fo r maximu

m individual ) 2 4 h r (fo r genera l population ) 2 4 h r (fo r maximu

m individual ) 16 8 h r ( 7 day s fo r populatio nspor t fis hdoses ) 24 0 h r (1 0 day s fo r populatio ncom mercia l fis hdose s Zer o 2 0 day s

0. 7 kg/ m (fo r grass cow-milk-ma npathway ) o 2. 0 kg/ m

(fo r produc e o r leaf y

vegetable s , ingeste d b

y man ) 0.002 1 hr" 1 3 3

3 4

Paramete r value s give nwithou t reference s ar e base d onstaf f judgments .•
. •
. *

REFERENCE S FORAPPENDI XE

1 . Y . C . N

g e t al. , "Predictio no f th e Maximu m Dosag e t o Ma nfro

m th e Fallou t o f Nuclea r Devices , Handboo k fo r Estimatin g th e Maximu m Interna l Dos e fro

m Radionuclide s Release d t o th e Biosphere, " USAE C Repor t UCRL-50163 , Par t IV , 1968 . 2 . B . H . Weis s e t al. , "Detaile dMeasuremen t o f 1-13 1 inAir , Vegetatio nan dMil k aroundThre e Operatin g Reacto r Sites, " Environmenta l Surveillanc e Aroun dNuclea r Installations , Inter nationa l Atomi c Energ y Agency , IAEA/SM-180/44 , Vienna , Austria , Vol . I : pp . 169-190 , 1974 . 3 . F . 0 . Hoffman , "Environmenta l Variable s Involve dwit hth e Estimatio no f th e Amoun t o f 1-13 1 inMil k andth e Subsequen t Dos e t o th e Thyroid, " Institut e fii r Reaktorsicherheit , Cologne , Wes t Germany , IRS-W-6 , Jun e 1973 . 4 . F . 0 . Hoffman , "Parameter s T o B e Considere dWhe nCalculatin g th e Age-Dependen t 1-13 1 Dos e t o th e Thyroid, " Institut e fii r Reaktorsicherheit , Cologne , Wes t Germany , IRS-W-5 , Apri l 1973 . 5 . F . 0 . Hoffman , " A

Reassessmen t o f th e Parameter s Use dT o Predic t th e Environmenta l Transpor t o f 1-13 1 fro

m Ai r t o M1lk, " Institut e fii r Reaktorsicherheit , Cologne , Wes t Germany , IRS-W-13 , Apri l 1975 . 6 . F . W . Lengemann , "Radioiodin e inth e Mil k o f Cow s an dGoat s Afte r Ora l Administratio no f Radioiodat e an

dRadioiodide, " Healt hPhys. . Vol . 17 , pp . 565-9 , 1969 . 7 . R . J. , Garne r an

dR . S..Russel , Radioactivit y an dHuma nDiet , R . Scot t Russe l (ed.) , Pergamo n Press ^ Oxford , England , 1966 . 8 . P . M . Bryant , "Dat a fo r Assessment s Concernin g Controlle dan dAccidenta l Release s o f 1-13 1 andCs-13 7 t o th e Stratosphere, " Healt hPhys. , Vol . 17 , p . 51 , 1969 . 9 . J . D . Zimbric k an

dP . G . Voillequ e (eds.) , "196 7 CER T Progres s Report, " USAE C Repor t 100-12067 , p . 36 , 1968 . 10 . J . F . Fletche r an dW . L . Dotso n(compilers) , "HERME S - A Digita l Compute r Cod e fo r Estimatin g Regiona l Radiologica l Effect s fro m th e Nuclea r Powe r Industry, " USAE C Repor t HEDL-TME-71-168 , Hanfor dEngineerin g Developmen t Laboratory , 1971 . 11 . J . K . Soldat , "Conversio no f Surve y Mete r Reading s t o Concentratio n(pCi/ m )," " Ite m 04.3. 4 in"Emergenc y

Radiologica l Plan s an dProcedures, " K . R . Hei d(ed.) , USAE C Repor t HW-70935 , Hanfor dLaboratories , 1962 . 12 . "Permissibl e Dos e fro m Externa l Source s o f Ionizin g Radiation, " Handboo k 59 , U.S . Dept . o f Commerce , 1954 . 13 . R . S . Boot he t al. , " A System s Analysi s Methodolog y fo r Predictin g Dos e t o Ma nfro m a Radioactivit y

Contaminate dTerrestria l Environment, " Proceeding s o f th e Thir dNationa l Symposiu m o nRadioecology , USAE C Repor t C0NF-710501 , Oa k Ridge , Tenn. , pp . 877-893 , 1971 . 14 . D . S . Altma nandP . L . Altma n(eds.) , "Metabolism, " Federatio no f America nSocietie s fo r Experimenta l Biology , Bethesda , Md. , 1968 . 15 . R . J

! . Garner , "Transfe r o f Radioactiv e Material s fro m th e Terrestria l Environmen t t o Animal s an dMan, " CR C Press , Cleveland , Ohio , 1972 . 16 . J . K . Solda t e t al. , "Model s an dCompute r Code s fo r Evaluatin g Radiatio nDoses, " USAE C Repor t BNWL-1754 , Pacifi c Northwes t Laboratories , Februar y 1974 . 17 . A . L . Rogers , "Goa t Keepin g inth e Unite dStates, " Internationa l Dair y Goa t Conference , London , Jul y

1964 . 18 . R . G . Bondan

dC . P . Strau b(eds.) , Handboo k o f Environmenta l Control , Vol . Ill , "Wate r Suppl y an dTreatment, " CR C Press , Cleveland , Ohio , 1975 . 1.109-7 0P.7 7 

## r .-

19 . "Foo dConsumption , Prices , an dExpenditures, " AER-138 , U.S . Departmen t o f Agriculture , Washington , D.C , Decembe r 1974 . 20 . "Repor t o f th e Tas k Grou po nReferenc e Man, " ICR P Publicatio n23 , Pergamo nPress , Oxford , England , 1975 . 21 . L . K . Busta dan

dJ . L . Terry , "Basi c Anatomical , Dietary , an dPhysiologica l Dat a fo r Radiologica l Calculations, " HW-41638 , Genera l Electri c Co. , Richland , Wash. , Februar y 1956 . 22 . M . M . Mille r an

dD . A . Nash , "Regiona l an dOthe r Relate dAspect s o f Shellfis hConsumptio n- Some Preliminar y

Finding s o f th e 196 9 Consume r Pane l Survey, " NMF S Circula r 361 , USDC/NOAA , Seattle , Wash. , Jun e 1971 . 23 . "Th e Potentia l Radiologica l Implication s o f Nuclea r Facilitie s i nthe Uppe r Mississipp i Rive r Basi ni nth e Yea r 2000, " USAE C Repor t WASH-1209 , Washington , D.C , Januar y 1973 . 24 . "Draf t Environmenta l Statemen t - Wast e Managemen t Operations , Hanfor dReservation , Richland , Washington, " USAE C Repor t WASH-1528 , Washington , D.C , Septembe r 1974 . 25 . G . R . Hoene s andJ . K . Soldat , "Age-Specifi c Radiatio nDos e Commitmen t Factor s fo r a On e Yea r Chroni c Intake, " USNR C Repor t NUREG-0172 , t o b e issue din1977 . A draf t i s availabl e i nth e Publi c Documen t Room . 26 . Z . G . Burso nan

dA . E . Profio , "Structura l Shieldin g fro m CloudandFallou t Gamm a Ray Source s fo r Assessin g th e Consequence s o f Reacto r Accidents, " EG&G-l183-1670 , La s Vegas , Nev. , 1975 . 27 . D . A . Bake r e t al. , "FOO D - Arx Interactiv e Cod e t o Calculat e Interna l Radiatio nDose s fro m Contaminate dFoo dProducts, " BNWL-SA-5523 , Februar y 1976 . 28 . D . F . Bunc h(ed.) , "Controlle dEnvironmenta l Radioiodin e Test , Progres s Repor t Numbe r Two, " USAE C Repor t IDO-12063 , Januar y 1968 . 29 . J . D . Zimbric k andP . G . Voilleque , "Controlle dEnvironmenta l Radioiodin e Test s a t the ' Nationa l Reacto r Testin g Station , Progres s Repor t Numbe r Four, " USAE C Repor t IDO-12065 , Decembe r 1968 . 30 . C . A . Pelletie r andP . G . Voilleque , "Th e Behavio r o f Cs-13 7 an dOthe r Fallou t Radionuclide s o na Michiga nDair y

Farm, " Healt hPhys. , Vol . 21 , p . 777 , 1971 . 31 . P . G . Voillequ e an dC . A . Pelletier , "Compariso no f Externa l Irradiatio nandConsumptio n o f Cow' s Mil k a s Critica l Pathway s fo r Cs-137 , Mn-5 4 an dPr-14 4 Release dt o th e Atmosphere, " Healt hPhys. , Vol . 27 , p . 189 , 1974 . 32 . J . J . Koranda , "Agricultura l Factor s Affecting'th e Dail y Intak e o f Fres hFallou t b y Dair y Cows, " USAE C Repor t UCRL-12479 , 1965 . 33 . M . E . Heat he t al. , Forages , the Iow a Stat e Universit y

Press , Ames , Iowa , 1973 . 34 . "Statistica l Abstrac t o f th e Unite dStates, " U.S . Burea uo f the Census , 93rd-Edition , 1972 .

1.109-7 1v•• . ^

APPENDI XF METHOD S FO

REVALUATIN

GTH E I FUNCTION
Th e NR C staf f calculate s ground-leve l gamm a radiatio ndose s fro

m elevate d nobl e ga s release s usin g Equatio n(6 ) i nRegulator y Positio nC.2. a o f thi s guide . Equatio n(6 ) i s base d o nth e mode l presente d inSlad e (Ref . 1) , whic hca nbe characterize d a s a verticall y finit e sector average d Gaussia nplume model . Us e o f th e mode l involve s volume integratio nove r a distribute d source,J)resulting i ncertai nintegral s tha t defin e th e I function , denote d b y I T i nReferenc e 1 . 

### 1 . Derivatio no f th e I Functio n Th e derivatio no f th e I functio npresente d below i s take ndirectl y

fro m Referenc e 1 , whic h shoul d b e consulte d fo r furthe r details . Th e sector-averag e airborn e radionuclid e concentratio nresultin g fro m a continuou s releas e is . give nb

y th e Gaussia nplume mode l a s (se e Equatio n7.6 0 o f Ref . 1) :

wher e x(R,z ) /2 7 o uR e <ex p 

# j^M-v 1


# . (F-l )

R 

### H x"(R,z )

z
e I s th e effectiv e releas e height , i nmeters ; i s th e effectiv e releas e rate , considerin g deca y i ntransit , 1 nC1/sec ; I s th e downwind distance , inmeters ; i s th e averag e wind speed , inm/sec ; i s th e sector-averag e concentratio na t locatio n(R,z) , i nCi/ m ; i s th e vertica l distanc e abov e th e ground plane , i nmeters ; i s th e secto r width , i nradians ; an d i s th e vertica l plume spread , i nmeters . Equatio n(F-l ) ma y

b e restated , fo r simplicity , as : x(R,z ) =
wher e 

### /US " o Ji 

### R e

G(z ) = exp ( z - h) '



## — w — 2a f + ex

p 

# xt

wher e th e term s ar e a s define d above . (F-2 )

(F-3 )

1.109-7 2P.7 9

»
'4



### Th e garnn a dos e rat e t o ai r a t a distanc e o f r meter s fro m a poin t sourc e o f q curie s i s expresse db

y (se e Equatio n7.3 3 o f Ref . 1) : ya(3.7xl0 10 

### )E(1.6xlO" 6 

### )B(u, u.rjexpt-ur ) D 1 

### = - 2 5 2 (F 

### . 4 )



### 4*^(1293 ) (100 ) wher e B(w,._,r ) i s th e buildu pfactor , dimensionless ;

a 

### D ' i s th e dos e rat e t o air , inrad/sec ; E i s th e gamm

a ray energ y pe r disintegration , i

nMeV ; qi s the poin t sourc e strength , i ncuries ; r i s th e distance , inmeters ; w i s th e attenuatio ncoefficien t fo r air , inm " ; y , i s th e energ y

absorptio ncoefficien t fo r air , inm " ; 10 0 i s the numbe r o f erg s pe r gram-rad ; 129 3 i s th e densit y

o f ai r a t standar dtemperatur e an d pressure , in g/ m ; 1. 6 x10 " i s th e numbe r o f erg s pe r MeV ; an d 3. 7 x1 0 i s th e numbe r o f disintegrations , pe r Ci-sec . Equatio n(F-4 ) ma y

be simplifie da s follows : K uqEB(p, u,r)exp(-ur ) D 

### . = _ _ a (F 

### . 5 ) 4irr * 

### wher e ,10., , _- in- 6 

## 1 1 7 x10'")(1. 6 x10'" ) ... , , c 

### , » (1293)(l06 ) = 

### °- 4 6 (F 

### " 6 ) 

### Th e nex t ste pi s t o incorporat e Equatio n(F-2 ) int o Equatio n(F-5 ) t o arriv e a t a n expressio nfo r th e differentia l dos e rat e dD ' fro m th e differentia l volume d V containin g th e radionuclid e concentratio nx( R 

### .z) - Conside r a volume elemen t o f the plume locate dz meter s abov e the groun dan

d a t a horizonta l distanc e L meter s fro m recepto r locatio n(R , 0 ) (se e Figur e 7.2 0 o f Ref . 1) . Al l suc hvolume element s locate da t th e horizonta l distanc e L ar e include dinthe ring-shape ddifferentia l volume 2irLdLdz . I f Ri s sufficiently_larg e tha t th e concentratio n average dove r al l suc hvolume element s ca nbe approximate db y x(R.z) , the contributio no f th e r 

### ing-shape ddifferentia l volume d V t o th e ai r dos e rat e a t locatio n(R,0 ) i s give na s K uEB(p, y .r)exp(-pr )

_/ F 7 

### v dD 1 

### = — ^ K

x(R,2)d

V (F 

### " 7 

### ' 4irr *



### 1.109-7 3< , 1 «

wher e q ha s bee nreplace d b y x(R,z)dV . Substitutin g ( L + z 2 ) 1 ' ' 2 fo r r and 2irLdLd z fo r d V 1n Equatio n!(F-7) , an

d integrating , th e followin g expressio ni s obtained :

D ' = Ku.EQ " 2 JTv xiRo e o o a o 

# S i [p.p. , (L 2 • z 2 ) 1/2 ] G(z ) ex p [-y(L 2 + z 2 ) 

### / 2

L 2 + z 2

Th e I function , denote d b y I

_inReferenc e 1, ' i s define d a s B [ t i,. a ,(L 2 . z 2 ) 1/2 ]G(z)exp[- t j(L 2 . z 2 ) 1 / 2 ] I = 

## i 3 

## ^ 

# I ! L 2 + z 2 LdLd z LdLd z (F-8 )

(F-9 )

which , whe nsubstitute d int o Equatio n(F-8) , yield s

Ku.EQ D D ' = - ^ I i r ufc e (F-10 )
Th e constan t K , equa l t o 0.46 , whe ndivide d b y H yield s th e facto r 0.260 , whic hI s th e sam e a s th e facto r o f 26 0 inEquatio n(6 ) o f Regulator y Positio nC2.a , afte r multiplyin g b y th e numbe r o f mra d pe r rad . Th e buildu p facto r give ninReferenc e 1 i s o f the for m i B(M.y,,r ) = 1 + kyr wher e k « (F-ll )

(F-12 )

Substitutin g th e abov e expressio nfo r the buildu p facto r Int o Equatio n(F-9) , the I functio n i s the ngive na s

I = I* + kl 2 (F-13 ) wher e th e I , an

d I 2 integral s ca nbe writte nfo r thi s for m o f th e build. p facto r a s 

# h - a o 

### -372 7 G(z) El 

### (yz)d 2 (F-14 )

an d I - = 

## 2 " p7 I 0 0 z)exp(-pz)d z (F-15 )

wher e E.(IJZ ) i s th e exponentia l integra l define d b y 

# ¥ pz ) 

### . i exfii^r i d(pr ) (F-16 )

1.109-7 4P.8 1 

# •/ ' 4 

# .

2 . Evaluatio no f the I Functio n

InReferenc e 1 th e I , an dI. , integral s hav e bee nevaluate dan dth e result s presente d graphically . Extractio no f th e dat a fro m thes e six-cycl e log-lo g multicurv e plot s i s a formidabl e task . A mor e satisfactor y

approac hi s t o prepar e a tabulatio no f th e Integral s a s evaluate d usin g numerica l methods . Thes e dat a ca nthe nb e interpolate dinimplementin g Equatio n(6 ) o f Regulator y

Positio nC2.a . « Th e NR C staf f ha s develope da compute r routin e tha t evaluate s th e I functio na s formulate d i nEquatio n(F-9) . Th e I functio na s expresse di nEquatio n(F-9 ) i s Independen t o f th e buildu p facto r form . A

listin g o f thi s routin e i s provide di nFigur e F-l . Communicatio nwit hth e routin e i s throug hth e COMMO N statement , whic hals o communicate s wit hthe functio nsubprogram BULDUP , whic hdefine s th e dos e buildu pfacto r B(p,u,r ) desire db y the user . a Also , Yanke e Atomi c Electri c Company ha s supplie da routin e writte nb y Dr . Joh nN . Hamaw i o f tha t company

(Ref . 2) . Thi s routin e evaluate s th e I. . an dI - integral s a s formulate din Equation s (F f 14 ) and(F-15) , respectively . A li.stln g o f th e routin e i s provide a i nFigur e F- 2 (reproduce dwit hth e permissio no f Yanke e Atomi c Electri c Company) . Wit hth e exception s o f change s inth e title , th e additio no f the COMMO N statement , th e computin g o f I fro m I , an dI- , an dcommen t card s a s t o it s authorship , th e routin e i s reproduce da s writte nb y Dr . Hamawi . Th e staf f ha s compare dth e tw o routine s an

dfoundthei r result s t o b e i nexcellen t agreement . Th e routin e supplie db

y th e Yanke e Atomi c Electri c Company wa s foundt o be considerabl y faste r tha n th e staff' s routine .

1.109-7 5P.8 2

i 0 * A



## c [ I C ' C , 

### c : c c c C > : C C ' 

### c c c c c c* *

0.1612223560 , 0.4086864819 , 0.6288673967 , 0.8070662040 , 0.9313866907 , 0.9935301722 , 0.2247637903 ,

0.4669029047 , 0.6778723796 , 0.8435882616 , 0.9529877031 , 0.9987710072 / SUBROUTIN

E DIN T COMMON/DATAIT/GMU,ZK,HS,3IGMZ,EBAR,01, M OOS E INTEGRA

L SUBROUTIN

E -K.F . ECKERMA

N U-24-7 4 SUBROUTIN

E EVALUATE S TH

E OOS E INTEGRA

L 'IT ' A

S DEFINED B

Y EQ N 7.6 1 I N ME T

_AE-1968 . TH

E TW O DIMENSIONA

L INTEGRATIO

N I S EVALUATED USIN G GAUSSIAN-LEGENDRE QUADRATURE O F ORDE R 48 . COMMO N INF O GMU-MA3 3 ATTENUATIO N COEFFICIENT C1/METER8 ) ZK-BUILDUP FACTO

R (MU-MUAJ/MU

A I F USED HS-RELEAS E POIN

T HEITH RELEAS E POIN

T HEIGHT (METERS ) 3IGMZ-8TANOAR

O DEVIATIO

N O F PLUM E (METERS ) E8AR-GAMM

A RA Y ENERG Y (MEV ) DI-DOS E INTEGRA

L M.ENERG Y QROU P INDE X I F NEEDEO NOTE-ZK,EBAR, & M

AR E USE D B Y 8UL0UP DIMENSIO

N X(24),W(24 ) DAT A NN/48/,A/2.828427125 / DAT A X / 10.0323801709 , 0.0970046992 , 20.2873624873 , 0.3487558862 , 30.5231609747 , 0.5772247260 , 40.7240341309 , 0.7671590325 , 50.8765720202 , 0.9058791367 , 60.9705915925 , 0.9841245837 , DAT A M / 10.0647376968 , 0.0644661644 , 20.0620394231 , 0.0607044391 , 30.0551995036 , 0.0528901894 , 40.0446745608 , 0.0415450829 , 50.0311672278 , 0.0274265097 , 60.0155793157 , 0.0114-772345 , 3UM«o . B*0.5/(3IGMZ*SIGMZ ) ZLB>HS-4.*SIGM Z ZUB«HS«4.*SIGM Z IF(ZLB.LT.O.)ZLB»0
. YUB«15./GM U C»0.5*(ZUB-ZLB ) G»0.5*(ZUB*ZLB ) E»0,5*YU B D O 7 0 II«1»N N I«II-II/ 2 F«l . EX«0
. IF(MOD(II,2).EO.O)F«-1 . ZZ«F*X(I)*C* G ARGU«B*(ZZ-HS)*(ZZ-H3 ) IF(ARGU.GT.20.)G O T O 5 5 EX«EXP(-ARGU ) 5 5 ARGU«B*(ZZ*HS)*(ZZ+HS ) IF(ARGU.GT.20.)G O T O 5 8 EX«EX>EXP(-ARGU ) 5 8 IF(EX.EO.0.)G O T O 7 0 D O 6 0 KK«1,N N KsKK-KK/ 2 IF(MQD(KK#2).EQ.0)FB-1
. 0.0639242385 , 0.0631141922 , 0.0591148396 , 0.0572772921 , 0.0503590355 , 0.0476166584 , 0.0382413510 , 0.0347772225 , 0.0235707608 , 0.0196161604 , 0.0073275539 , 0.0031533460 /

Figur e F-l
. Staff-Writte n Compute r Listin g

1.109-7 6P.8 3

YY»F.X(K)*E* E D1«YY*YY*ZZ*Z Z ARGUaGMU*SORT(Dl ) IF(ARGU.GT.20.)G O T O 6 0 EX1«EX*EXP(-ARGU)*BULDUP(ARGU)*YY/0 1 3UM»SUM+H(I)*H(K)*EX 1 6 0 CONTINU E 7 0 CONTINU E DI«3UM*C*E/(A*3IGMZ ) RETUR N EN D

Figur e F- l (continued )

1.109-7 7P.8 4

SUBROUTIN E DIN T REA L M U COMMON/DATAIT/MU,ZK,H,3IGZ,DI, L C* * C DOS E INTEGRA

L ROUTIN E WRITTEN

B Y C DR . JOH N N . HAMAWI J C YANKE E ATOMI C ELECTRI C COMPAN Y C NUCLEA

R SERVICE S DIVISIO N C , ' 2 0 TURNPIK E ROA D C ME3TBOROUGH , MASSACHUSETT S 0158 1 c YAE C REPOR T NO. no s 

### c C COMMO N

INF O C MU-MAS S ATTENUATIO N COEFFICIEN T (1/METER8 ) C ZK-BUILDU P FACTO R(MU-MUA./MU A C SIGZ-STANDAR D DEVIATIO N O F PLUM E (METERS ) C OI-DOS E INTEGRA L - I TOTA L C L - DETERMINE S NUMBE RO F INTERVAL S USE D I N INTEGRATIO N C* * DIMENSIO N

CDATA(5),E(49),B(49),P(49 ) DAT A M/9/,CDATA/5.00*3,1.0D+4,2.00*4,5.00*4,1.00*5 / OAT A A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5 / -0.57721566 , 0.99999193 , - 0.24991055 , C 0.05519968,-0.00976004 , 0.00107857 / DAT A 80,81,82,83 / 0.2677737343 , 8.6347608925 , 18.0590169730 , C 8.5733287401 / DAT A 00,01,02,03 / 3.9584969228 , 21.0996530827 , 25.6329561486 , C 9.5733223454 / DAT A 0,01*02,03,04,05,06,07,08,09 / C 3543.75,989.,5888.,-928.,10496.,-4540.,10496.,-928.,5888.,989. / C*** * COMPUT E LIMIT S O F INTEGRATIO N ZMl N AN D ZMAX , AN O INTERVA L WIDT H IF(L.LT.2.0R.L.GT.6) " L • 6 C a COATA(L-l ) \ N a L*(M-1 ) • 1 . 3IGZ 2 a SIGZ*SIG Z S ALF A • H - HU*SIGZ 2 BET A a 3IGZ * SORT(2.0*ALOG(C) ) IF(ALFA.GT.O.O ) G O T O 15 0 ZMI N a 0. 0 ZMA Xa ALF A

• SORT(ALFA*ALF A t BETA*BETA ) G O T O 20 0 15 0 ZMI N

a ALF A

- BET A IF(ZMIN.LT.O.O ) ZMI N a 0. 0 ZMA Xa ALF A

• BET A 20 0 O Z a (ZMAX-ZMIN)/(N-i ) C*** * COMPUT E EXPONENTIA L INTEGRA L TERM S Ed ) (SPECIA L PROCEO . FO R E(l) ) E(l ) a 2.18907-ALOG(MU*OZ ) D O 25 0 I a i, N Z a ZMI N

• (I-l)*O Z Xa HU* Z IF(X.LE.O.O ) G O T O 2S 0 X 2 a x* X X 3 a x*X 2 X 4 a x*X 3 X 5 a x*X 4 IF(X.LE.l.O ) Ed ) a -ALOG(X ) • AO * A l *X*A2*X 2 + A3*X3*A4*X4*A5»X 5 IF(X.GT.l.O ) Ed ) a (B0*B1*X*B2*X2*B3*X3->X4 ) / C (C0*C1*X*C2*X2*C3*X3*X4)/(X * EXP(X) ) 25 0 CONTINU E t*** * COMPUT E INTEGRAN D TERM S B(I ) AN D Pd ) D O 30 0 I a i , N Z • ZMI N

• (I-l)*O Z

Figur e F-2 . Hamawi-Writte nCompute r Listin g

1.109-7 8P.8 5

30 0 C*** * Ga EXP(-(Z*H)*(Z+H)/(2.0*SIGZ2) ) •EX P (-(Z-H)*(Z-H)/(2.0*SIGZ2) ) 8(1 ) a 6*E(I ) P(I ) a 6 * EXP(-MU*Z ) PERFOR M NUMERICA L INTEGRATIO N USIN G 9-POIN T NEWTON-COTE S FORMUL A 3UM B a 3UM P a M M a M K M a N D O 35 0 8UM B a 0. 0

0. 0

- 1

. M K« SUM B

35 0 * 1

1,KM,M M * Dl*B(K)+02*B(K*l)+03*B(K<.2)+D4*B(K*3)+O5*B(K+4 )

+D6*B(K+5)+07*B(K-.6)+D8*B(K*7)+D9*B( K+ 8 ) SUM P a SUM P •D1*P(K)*D2*P(K*1)*D3*P(K*2)*D4*P(K*3)*05*P(K*4 ) J •06*P(K*5)*07*P(K*6)*08*P(K*7)t09*P(K*8 ) CONTINU E 0iabz*(8UMB+3UMP*ZK)/(0*2.828427*3IGZ ) RETUR N EN D

Figur e F- 2 (continued )

1.109-7 9P.8 6

REFERENCE S FORAPPENDI XF

1 . \"Meteorolog y

an dAtomi c Energy

1968, " D . H . Slad e (ed.) , USAE C Repor t TID-241090 , 1968 . Hamawi , " A

Metho dfo r Computin g the Gamma-Dos e Integral s T , an dT - fo r th e Flnite 

### 2 . N . Clou dSector-Averag e Model, " Yanke e Atomi c Electri c Compan y Repor t YAEC-1105 , 1976 .

1.109-8 0