{"id":519758,"date":"2023-09-20T09:49:00","date_gmt":"2023-09-20T13:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/?post_type=migration&p=519758"},"modified":"2024-05-01T14:34:00","modified_gmt":"2024-05-01T18:34:00","slug":"seeing-snow-water-through-the-trees","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/goddard-tech\/seeing-snow-water-through-the-trees\/","title":{"rendered":"NASA Tech Lets Scientists See Snow-Water Through the Trees"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-cover \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2048\" height=\"1536\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?w=2048\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"Two people wearing blue hooded parkas, waist deep in snow, manipulate tubes holding snow samples. equipment lies on the snow surface near them and in the background a line of dark trees\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg 4032w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?resize=300,225 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?resize=768,576 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?resize=1024,768 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?resize=1536,1152 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?resize=2048,1536 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?resize=400,300 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?resize=600,450 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?resize=900,675 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?resize=1200,900 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?resize=2000,1500 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2048px) 100vw, 2048px\" loading=\"eager\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Randall Bonnell and Lucas Zeller, graduate students at Colorado State University, collect a snow core sample at Cameron Pass, Colorado. <\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\">Photo courtesy Dan McGrath, Colorado State University<\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>NASA scientists are testing a technology that could more accurately measure water stored in snow as seen from a satellite in orbit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Melting snow provides much of the water that the western United States depend on for agriculture and power. But warming winters due to climate change led to decreased seasonal snowpacks high up in the Rockies and Sierra Nevada mountains. That in turn affects the volume of water that travels downriver to irrigate crops and turn hydroelectric turbines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIf you take out the seasonal snowpack, you can essentially forget about all the agricultural products that we grow in California, which feed a large portion of this country,\u201d said Batuhan Osmanoglu, a research physical scientist at NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Osmanoglu is the principal investigator on the Snow Water Equivalent Synthetic Aperture Radar and Radiometer, or SWESARR, instrument, built to track the amount of water in those seasonal snowpacks from above.<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dsc00419_edit.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"985\" height=\"658\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dsc00419_edit.jpg?w=985\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"A man in a red knit cap looks out the window to the right in a darkened airplane. He wears headphones under the cap and a black parka. Behind him to the left, yellow frames hold racks of electronic equipment\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dsc00419_edit.jpg 985w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dsc00419_edit.jpg?resize=300,200 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dsc00419_edit.jpg?resize=768,513 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dsc00419_edit.jpg?resize=400,267 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dsc00419_edit.jpg?resize=600,401 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/dsc00419_edit.jpg?resize=900,601 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">Batuhan Osmanoglu peers out the window of the SnowEx aircraft over Alaska. <\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\"><strong>Credits: NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center<\/strong><\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Originally funded by Goddard\u2019s Internal Research and Development, or IRAD program, his team flew their instrument on a Twin Otter aircraft in 2020 and earlier this year while colleagues measured the snowpack on the ground. They plan to fly over the same areas when the snowpack reaches its lowest levels in October. \u201cWe saw the maximum signal from the snow,\u201d Osmanoglu said. \u201cNow we are interested in the minimum. Observing both conditions will allow us to improve our algorithms.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"hds-media hds-module wp-block-image\"><div class=\"margin-left-auto margin-right-auto nasa-block-align-inline\"><div class=\"hds-media-wrapper margin-left-auto margin-right-auto\"><figure class=\"hds-media-inner hds-cover-wrapper hds-media-ratio-none \"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/sierraswenarrow.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"320\" height=\"588\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/sierraswenarrow.jpg?w=320\" class=\"attachment-2048x2048 size-2048x2048\" alt=\"a map of the west coast in beige, with terrain represented by shadows and highlights, shows a swath of blue from top to bottom in the Sierra Nevada Mts. - the second range right of the coast line.\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/sierraswenarrow.jpg 320w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/sierraswenarrow.jpg?resize=163,300 163w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/sierraswenarrow.jpg?resize=218,400 218w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/a><\/figure><figcaption class=\"hds-caption padding-y-2\"><div class=\"hds-caption-text p-sm margin-0\">This map shows how much water you would get if all the snow in an area melted at once, measured April 1, 2023. The snowfall accumulation was particularly high in the southern Sierras: four times the average for April 1. <\/div><div class=\"hds-credits\"><strong>Credits: Credit: Noah Molotch, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, and JPL<\/strong><\/div><\/figcaption><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<p>Measuring the terrain when there is little to no snow on the ground will help further refine their ability to measure the water in snow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Figuring out how much water is contained in a given volume of snow isn\u2019t straightforward, Osmanoglu said, as snow can vary in density from mostly air to mostly water.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIf you have snow in your backyard, and you take a cup and fill it up with snow, is the cup full or half-full when it\u2019s melted?\u201d Osmanoglu said. The melt test works well enough after one backyard snowfall where the snow\u2019s density is uniform. But over an entire mountain range for a full winter, density varies a great deal. To make those measurements, scientists need a different method and a higher vantage point.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The SWESARR instrument combines two techniques to offer improved sensitivity over earlier technology: SWESARR bounces its own radar pulses off the ground, measuring their return signal, as well as capturing naturally occurring microwave signals emitted from the snow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Snow absorbs some of SWESARR\u2019s radar signals. Scientists measure how much of the signal returns versus how much is absorbed by the snow to calculate the amount of water it contains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Snow is cold, but still warm enough to emit microwaves that a radiometer can detect. Scientists measure the \u201cbrightness temperature\u201d of energy emitted by the snow and compare it with that from snowless ground to calculate the water in the snowpack.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With the combination of the two measuring techniques, \u201cYou basically get a bigger range of snow water equivalent values that you can measure,\u201d Osmanoglusaid . \u201cAnd also, there is the benefit of these measurements confirming each other using two different physics.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Both technologies have tradeoffs. Radiometers have been used for this kind of analysis for a long time and are good at measuring shallow to medium snow depths, while radar provides higher resolution and can penetrate deeper into the snowpack. But radiometers can struggle when the mountainous terrain is also heavily forested. \u201cIt\u2019s difficult to say what part of the signal is actually coming from the snow versus which part is coming from the vegetation, because that also emits signals,\u201d Osmanoglu said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The Science of Snow: Digging for Data\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/E0XnW_41bnk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">SWESARR last flew as part of the NASA SnowEx Tundra and Boreal Forest campaign over Alaska in March, during high snow conditions. They plan to fly the instrument over the same sites in Alaska in October during low-snow conditions to compare the measurements and further improve SWESARR\u2019s accuracy. Credits: NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center \/ Scientific Visualization Studio<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Radar is a little better at discerning smaller features like trees, but the measurements are not perfect. The radar wavelengths are about the length of evergreen branches, which means the signals bounce off instead of penetrating through trees to the ground where the snow is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To address those challenges, Osmanoglu\u2019s team combines four computer models to generate simulated landscapes of forests and snow and show what SWESARR would see in those environments. Using the simulation, he hopes to improve methods for detecting snow through small gaps in forest canopies before conducting further test flights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe have the trees, we have the snow, and we have the simulators, so we can actually see what type of signals we should be getting,\u201d Osmanoglu said. \u201cYou\u2019re trying to see, what is the canopy opening? Can we make a snow observation under the canopy?\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The SWESARR instrument is in good shape and has performed well on its aircraft flights. Improving the measurement algorithms is the next step, Osmanoglu said, toward the eventual dream of putting something like SWESARR on a satellite \u2013 a vantage point from which it could estimate the amount of water in snowpacks across the globe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:25px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>By Christian Elliott<\/em><\/strong><br>\n<strong><em>NASA\u2019s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 article_a hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-credits-and-details\">\n<section class=\"padding-x-0 padding-top-5 padding-bottom-2 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-2 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Share<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"social-icons social-icons-round\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-x\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/intent\/tweet?via=NASA&text=NASA%20Tech%20Lets%20Scientists%20See%20Snow-Water%20Through%20the%20Trees&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Ftechnology%2Fgoddard-tech%2Fseeing-snow-water-through-the-trees%2F\" aria-label=\"Share on X.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg width=\"1200\" height=\"1227\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 1227\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M714.163 519.284L1160.89 0H1055.03L667.137 450.887L357.328 0H0L468.492 681.821L0 1226.37H105.866L515.491 750.218L842.672 1226.37H1200L714.137 519.284H714.163ZM569.165 687.828L521.697 619.934L144.011 79.6944H306.615L611.412 515.685L658.88 583.579L1055.08 1150.3H892.476L569.165 687.854V687.828Z\" fill=\"white\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-facebook\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Ftechnology%2Fgoddard-tech%2Fseeing-snow-water-through-the-trees%2F\" aria-label=\"Share on Facebook.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M9 8h-3v4h3v12h5v-12h3.642l.358-4h-4v-1.667c0-.955.192-1.333 1.115-1.333h2.885v-5h-3.808c-3.596 0-5.192 1.583-5.192 4.615v3.385z\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-linkedin\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Ftechnology%2Fgoddard-tech%2Fseeing-snow-water-through-the-trees%2F\" aria-label=\"Share on LinkedIn.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M4.98 3.5c0 1.381-1.11 2.5-2.48 2.5s-2.48-1.119-2.48-2.5c0-1.38 1.11-2.5 2.48-2.5s2.48 1.12 2.48 2.5zm.02 4.5h-5v16h5v-16zm7.982 0h-4.968v16h4.969v-8.399c0-4.67 6.029-5.052 6.029 0v8.399h4.988v-10.131c0-7.88-8.922-7.593-11.018-3.714v-2.155z\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"social-icon social-icon-rss\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/feed\/\" aria-label=\"Subscribe to RSS feed.\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 800 800\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><path d=\"M493 652H392c0-134-111-244-244-244V307c189 0 345 156 345 345zm71 0c0-228-188-416-416-416V132c285 0 520 235 520 520z\"\/><circle cx=\"219\" cy=\"581\" r=\"71\"\/><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"heading-14\">Details<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading\">Last Updated<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-8\">May 01, 2024<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row margin-bottom-3\"><div class=\"grid-col-4\"><div class=\"subheading\">Editor<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-col-8\">Karl B. Hille<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-row\"><div class=\"grid-col-4\"><div class=\"subheading\">Location<\/div><\/div><div class=\"grid-col-8\">Goddard Space Flight Center<\/div><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-5 padding-right-4 margin-bottom-5 desktop:margin-bottom-0\"><div class=\"padding-top-3 border-top-1px border-color-carbon-black \"><div class=\"margin-bottom-2\"><h2 class=\"heading-14\">Related Terms<\/h2><\/div><ul class=\"article-tags\"><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/goddard\/technology\/\">Goddard Technology<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/goddard\/\">Goddard Space Flight Center<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/organizations\/otps\/\">Office of Technology, Policy and Strategy (OTPS)<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/science-instruments\/\">Science Instruments<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/\">Technology<\/a><\/li><li class=\"article-tag\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/\">Technology Research<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<div id=\"\" class=\"nasa-gb-align-full width-full maxw-full padding-x-3 padding-y-0 hds-module hds-module-full wp-block-nasa-blocks-related-articles\">\t\t<section class=\"hds-related-articles padding-x-0 padding-y-3 desktop:padding-top-7 desktop:padding-bottom-9\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"w-100 grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0 text-align-left\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-4\"><h2 style=\"max-width: 100%;\" class=\"width-full w-full maxw-full\">Explore More<\/h2><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-row grid-container maxw-widescreen padding-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"grid-col-12 desktop:grid-col-4 margin-bottom-4 desktop:margin-bottom-0 desktop:padding-right-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/science-research\/earth-science\/nasa-snow-campaign-digs-deep-in-2021\/\" class=\"color-carbon-black\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"hds-cover-wrapper cover-hover-zoom bg-carbon-black minh-mobile\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"hds-media-background  \"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cryogars_fieldwork2.jpeg?w=300\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" style=\"transform: scale(1); transform-origin: 50% 50%; object-position: 50% 50%; object-fit: cover;\" block_context=\"nasa-block\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cryogars_fieldwork2.jpeg 4032w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cryogars_fieldwork2.jpeg?resize=300,225 300w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cryogars_fieldwork2.jpeg?resize=768,576 768w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cryogars_fieldwork2.jpeg?resize=1024,768 1024w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cryogars_fieldwork2.jpeg?resize=1536,1152 1536w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cryogars_fieldwork2.jpeg?resize=2048,1536 2048w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cryogars_fieldwork2.jpeg?resize=400,300 400w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cryogars_fieldwork2.jpeg?resize=600,450 600w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cryogars_fieldwork2.jpeg?resize=900,675 900w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cryogars_fieldwork2.jpeg?resize=1200,900 1200w, https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/cryogars_fieldwork2.jpeg?resize=2000,1500 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"padding-right-0 desktop:padding-right-10\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"subheading margin-bottom-1\">9 min read<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"margin-bottom-1\"><h3 class=\"related-article-title\">NASA Snow Campaign Digs Deep in 2021<\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"display-flex flex-align-center label related-article-label margin-bottom-1 color-carbon-60\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"display-flex flex-align-center margin-right-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg version=\"1.1\" class=\"square-2 margin-right-1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" x=\"0px\" y=\"0px\" width=\"16px\" height=\"16px\" viewBox=\"0 0 16 16\" style=\"enable-background:new 0 0 16 16;\" xml:space=\"preserve\"><g><g><path d=\"M8,0C3.5,0-0.1,3.7,0,8.2C0.1,12.5,3.6,16,8,16c4.4,0,8-3.6,8-8C16,3.5,12.4,0,8,0z M8,15.2 C4,15.2,0.8,12,0.8,8C0.8,4,4,0.8,8,0.8c3.9,0,7.2,3.2,7.2,7.1C15.2,11.9,12,15.2,8,15.2z\"\/><path d=\"M5.6,12c0.8-0.8,1.6-1.6,2.4-2.4c0.8,0.8,1.6,1.6,2.4,2.4c0-2.7,0-5.3,0-8C8.8,4,7.2,4,5.6,4 C5.6,6.7,5.6,9.3,5.6,12z\"\/><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>Article<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3 years ago\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NASA scientists are testing a technology that from orbit could more accurately measure water stored in snow.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":298,"featured_media":522637,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nasa_hds_core_meta_l10n":"en-US","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_editor":"298","nasa_hds_core_meta_article_contacts":[],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_topic":"131799","nasa_hds_core_meta_linked_locations":["283568"],"nasa_hds_core_meta_article_related_articles":["264349"],"hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_id":"","hds_migrate_meta_pr_release_type":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_x":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_location_y":"","nasa_hds_core_meta_gallery_images":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[13227,2857,11785,2831,2661,2841],"news-tags":[],"internal-terms":[3913,12342],"coauthors":[11005],"parsely":{"version":"1.1.0","meta":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"NASA Tech Lets Scientists See Snow-Water Through the Trees","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/goddard-tech\/seeing-snow-water-through-the-trees\/","mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/goddard-tech\/seeing-snow-water-through-the-trees\/"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg"},"articleSection":"Technology","author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Karl B. Hille"}],"creator":["Karl B. Hille"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NASA","logo":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/themes\/nasa\/assets\/images\/nasa-logo.svg"},"keywords":["Science & Research","Technology Research","Goddard Technology","Goddard Space Flight Center","Office of Technology, Policy and Strategy (OTPS)","Science Instruments","Technology"],"dateCreated":"2023-09-20T13:49:00Z","datePublished":"2023-09-20T13:49:00Z","dateModified":"2024-05-01T18:34:00Z"},"rendered":"<meta name=\"parsely-title\" content=\"NASA Tech Lets Scientists See Snow-Water Through the Trees\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-link\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/technology\/goddard-tech\/seeing-snow-water-through-the-trees\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-type\" content=\"post\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-image-url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg?w=150&h=150&crop=1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-pub-date\" content=\"2023-09-20T13:49:00Z\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-section\" content=\"Technology\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-tags\" content=\"Science & Research,Technology Research,Goddard Technology,Goddard Space Flight Center,Office of Technology, Policy and Strategy (OTPS),Science Instruments,Technology\" \/>\n<meta name=\"parsely-author\" content=\"Karl B. Hille\" \/>","tracker_url":"https:\/\/cdn.parsely.com\/keys\/nasa.gov\/p.js"},"read_time":5,"time_ago":"9 months","featured_image":{"id":522637,"file":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/snowex1-pair.jpg","title":"snowex1-pair","alt":"Two people wearing blue hooded parkas, waist deep in snow, manipulate tubes holding snow samples. equipment lies on the snow surface near them and in the background a line of dark trees","caption":"Randall Bonnell and Lucas Zeller, graduate students at Colorado State University, collect a snow core sample at Cameron Pass, Colorado. "},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/519758"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/298"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=519758"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/519758\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":656350,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/519758\/revisions\/656350"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/522637"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=519758"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=519758"},{"taxonomy":"news-tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tags?post=519758"},{"taxonomy":"internal-terms","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/internal-terms?post=519758"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=519758"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}