2013

Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals 

Updated Tables, March, 2013

Updated March 2013
Introduction 1

What's New and Different? 2

Chemicals in the Fourth Report: Updated Tables, March 2013 3

Cotinine 5

NNAL (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol) 7

Bromodichloromethane 9

Dibromochloromethane 10

Tribromomethane (Bromoform) 11

Trichloromethane (Chloroform) 12

Benzophenone-3 (2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone) 13

Bisphenol A (2,2-bis[4-Hydroxyphenyl] propane) 15

4-tert -Octylphenol (4-[1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl] phenol) 17

Triclosan (2,4,4’-Trichloro-2’-hydroxyphenyl ether) 19

ortho -Phenylphenol 21

Ethylene thiourea 23

Pentachlorophenol 25

Propylene thiourea 27

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 29

2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 31

Urinary Bensulfuron-methyl 33

Urinary Chlorsulfuron 35

Urinary Ethametsulfuron-methyl 37

Urinary Foramsulfuron 39

Urinary Halosulfuron 41

Urinary Mesosulfuron-methyl 43

Urinary Metsulfuron-methyl 45

Urinary Nicosulfuron 47

Urinary Oxasulfuron 49

Urinary Primisulfuron-methyl 51

Urinary Prosulfuron 53

Urinary Rimsulfuron 55

Urinary Sulfometuron-methyl 57

Urinary Sulfosulfuron 59

Urinary Thifensulfuron-methyl 61

Tobacco Smoke

Herbicides and Metabolites

Fungicides and Metabolites

Table of Contents

General Information

Disinfection By-Products

Environmental Phenols

Sulfonyl Urea Herbicides
Urinary Triasulfuron 63

Urinary Triflusulfuron-methyl 65

Carbofuranphenol 67

2-Isopropoxyphenol 69

2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 71

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 73

2,4-Dichlorophenol 75

2,5-Dichlorophenol 77

Urinary Acephate 79

Urinary Dimethoate 81

Urinary Omethoate 83

Urinary Methamidophos 85

Diethylphosphate (DEP) 87

Dimethylphosphate (DMP) 89

Diethylthiophosphate (DETP) 91

Dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP) 93

Diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP) 95

Dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP) 97

Antimony 99

Total Arsenic 103

Arsenic (V) acid 105

Arsenobetaine 107

Arsenocholine 109

Arsenous (III) acid 111

Dimethylarsinic acid 113

Monomethylarsonic acid 115

Trimethylarsine oxide 117

Barium 119

Beryllium 123

Blood Cadmium 127

Cadmium 129

Cesium 133

Cobalt 137

Blood Lead 141

Lead 143

Total Blood Mercury 147

Inorganic Blood Mercury 148

Mercury 149

Organophosphorus Insecticides: Dialkyl Phosphate Metabolites

Metals and Metalloids

Organophosphorus Insecticides: Specific Metabolites

Carbamate Metabolites

Organochlorine Pesticides and Metabolites

Other Pesticide Metabolites
Molybdenum 151

Platinum 155

Thallium 159

Tungsten 163

Uranium 167

Butyl paraben 171

Ethyl paraben 173

Methyl paraben 175

n -Propyl paraben 177

Nitrate 179

Perchlorate 181

Thiocyanate 183

Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBuS) 185

Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDeA) 186

Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) 187

Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) 188

Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 189

Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) 190

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 191

Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 192

Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA) 193

2-(N-Ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido) acetic acid (Et-PFOSA-AcOH) 194

2-(N-Methyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido) acetic acid (Me-PFOSA-AcOH) 195

Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUA) 196

Mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) 197

Mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) 201

Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) 203

Mono-cyclohexyl phthalate (MCHP) 207

Mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) 211

Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) 215

Mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) 219

Mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) 223

Mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) 227

Mono-(carboxynonyl) phthalate (MCNP) 229

Mono-isononyl phthalate (MiNP) 231

Mono-(carboxyoctyl) phthalate (MCOP) 235

Mono-methyl phthalate (MMP) 237

Mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) 241

Mono-n-octyl phthalate (MOP) 245

Urinary Daidzein 249

Perchlorate and Other Anions

Perfluorinated Compounds

Phthalate Metabolites

Phytoestrogens and Metabolites

Parabens
Urinary Enterodiol 251

Urinary Enterolactone 253

Urinary Equol 255

Urinary Genistein 257

Urinary O-Desmethylangolensin 259

2-Hydroxyfluorene 261

3-Hydroxyfluorene 263

9-Hydroxyfluorene 265

1-Hydroxyphenanthrene 267

2-Hydroxyphenanthrene 269

3-Hydroxyphenanthrene 271

4-Hydroxyphenanthrene 273

1-Hydroxypyrene 275

1-Hydroxynaphthalene (1-Naphthol) 277

2-Hydroxynaphthalene (2-Naphthol) 279

1,1,1-Trichloroethane (Methyl chloroform) 281

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 282

1,1,2-Trichloroethane 283

1,1-Dichloroethane 284

1,1-Dichloroethene (Vinylidene chloride) 285

1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) 286

1,2-Dichlorobenzene (o -Dichlorobenzene) 287

1,2-Dichloroethane (Ethylene dichloride) 288

cis -1,2-Dichloroethene 289

trans -1,2-Dichloroethene 290

1,2-Dichloropropane 291

1,3-Dichlorobenzene (m -Dichlorobenzene) 292

1,4-Dichlorobenzene (Paradichlorobenzene) 293

2,5-Dimethylfuran 294

Benzene 295

Chlorobenzene (Monochlorobenzene) 296

Dibromomethane 297

Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) 298

Ethylbenzene 299

Hexachloroethane 300

Methyl-tert -butyl ether (MTBE) 301

Nitrobenzene 302

Styrene 303

Tetrachloroethene (Perchloroethylene) 304

Tetrachloromethane (Carbon tetrachloride) 305

Toluene 306

Trichloroethene (Trichloroethylene) 307

m- and p-Xylene 308

o -Xylene 309

Volatile Organic Compounds

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Metabolites
Appendix C: References for Biomonitoring Analytical Methods 310

Appendix D. Limit of Detection Table 315

General Information
Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals, 

Updated Tables, March 2013 

The Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals, Updated Tables, 

March 2013 provides nationally representative biomonitoring data that has become available 

since the publication of the Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental 

Chemicals, 2009. The Updated Tables, March 2013 includes all the updates previously 

provided in Updated Tables, July 2010; Updated Tables, February 2011; Updated Tables, 

February 2012 and Updated Tables, September 2012. Since publication of the Fourth Report, 

2009, 117 chemicals have updated tables and 34 chemicals have been added, for a total of 151 

chemicals presented in these Updated Tables. 

A link to information about specific chemicals or the chemical group is provided at the bottom of 

the data table page, and it is referred to as a Biomonitoring Summary. For many chemicals, 

there is also a link provided to a brief overview about the chemical, referred to as a Fact Sheet. 

Two appendices are updated to include information pertinent to these chemicals, as well as the 

other chemicals included in the Updated Tables (Appendix C. References for Biomonitoring 

Methods; Appendix D. Limit of Detection Table). 

The chemicals included in this update are listed in the table that follows. 

The Report website is the best resource for the most recent updates of available data 

(http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport). The Report website also contains details of the Data 

Sources and Data Analysis, Interpretation of Report Data, and Chemical and Toxicological 

Information that pertain to the Updated Tables. 

1 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What’s New and Different? 

The Updated Tables in this release include several chemicals that have results available from 

one or more of the three survey periods of 2005-2006, 2007-2008, and 2009-2010. The 

chemicals with updated data in this release are two fungicide metabolites, ethylene thiourea and 

propylene thiourea; four organophosphorus insecticides or metabolites; the anions, thiocyanate 

and nitrate; phthalate metabolites; phytoestrogens and metabolites; and polycyclic aromatic 

hydrocarbon metabolites. 

The limits of detection (LOD) for phytoestrogens were stated incorrectly in NHANES 2003-2004, 

and they have been corrected in this release of the Updated Tables. These differences did not 

alter the geometric means or percentiles for the phytoestrogens as shown in the Fourth Report 

on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals and in the Updated Tables. 

The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolite, 4-hydroxyphenanthrene, has results available 

only for NHANES 2003-2004 and 2005-2006. This chemical is no longer measured after 

NHANES 2005-2006 because there were potential interferences in the method that would affect 

the quality of the results. 

For the information in this section, “What’s New and Different,” contained in previous releases of 

Updated Tables, please see the Archives from Updated Tables at:

http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport/. 

2 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Tobacco Smoke Organophosphorus Insecticides: Dialkyl Phosphate Metabolites 

Cotinine Diethylphosphate (DEP)

NNAL* Dimethylphosphate (DMP)

Diethylthiophosphate (DETP)

Disinfection By-Products Dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP)

Bromodichloromethane Diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP)

Dibromochloromethane Dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP)

Tribromomethane (Bromoform) 

Trichloromethane (Chloroform) Metals and Metalloids

Antimony

Environmental Phenols Arsenic, Total 

Benzophenone-3 Arsenic (V) acid 

Bisphenol A Arsenobetaine 

4-tert-Octylphenol Arsenocholine 

Triclosan Arsenous (III) acid 

Dimethylarsinic acid 

Fungicides and Metabolites Monomethylarsonic acid 

ortho -Phenylphenol Trimethylarsine oxide 

Ethylene thiourea* Barium 

Pentachlorophenol Beryllium

Propylene thiourea* Cadmium

Cesium

Herbicides and Metabolites Cobalt

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid Lead

2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid Mercury

Molybdenum

Sulfonyl Urea Herbicides Platinum

Urinary Bensulfuron-methyl* Thallium

Urinary Chlorsulfuron* Tungsten

Urinary Ethametsulfuron-methyl* Uranium

Urinary Foramsulfuron*

Urinary Halosulfuron* Parabens

Urinary Mesosulfuron-methyl* Butyl paraben*

Urinary Metsulfuron-methyl* Ethyl paraben*

Urinary Nicosulfuron* Methyl paraben*

Urinary Oxasulfuron* n -Propyl paraben*

Urinary Primisulfuron-methyl*

Urinary Prosulfuron* Perchlorate and Other Anions

Urinary Rimsulfuron* Nitrate*

Urinary Sulfometuron-methyl* Perchlorate

Urinary Sulfosulfuron* Thiocyanate*

Urinary Thifensulfuron-methyl*

Urinary Triasulfuron* Perfluorinated Compounds

Urinary Triflusulfuron-methyl* Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBuS) 

Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDeA) 

Carbamate Metabolites Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) 

Carbofuranphenol Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) 

2-Isopropoxyphenol Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 

Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) 

Organochlorine Pesticides and Metabolites Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)

2,4,5-Trichlorophenol Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA) 

2-(N-Ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido) acetic acid (Et-PFOSA-AcOH) 

Other Pesticide Metabolites 2-(N-Methyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido) acetic acid (Me-PFOSA-AcOH) 

2,4-Dichlorophenol* Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUA) 

2,5-Dichlorophenol*

Organophosphorus Insecticides: Specific Metabolites

Urinary Acephate*

Urinary Dimethoate*

Urinary Omethoate*

Urinary Methamidophos*

Chemicals in the Fourth Report: Updated Tables, March 2013

CDC’s Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals: Updated Tables provides exposure data on the following chemicals or classes 

of chemicals. The updated tables contains cumulative data from national samples collected in 1999–2000, 2001–2002, 2003–2004, 2005–2006, 2007–2008, 

and 2009-2010. Not all chemicals were measured in each national sample. The data tables are available at http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport. An asterisk (*) 

indicates the chemical has been added since publication of the Fourth Report, 2009.

3 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chemicals in the Fourth Report: Updated Tables, March 2013

CDC’s Fourth National Report on Human Exposure to Environmental Chemicals: Updated Tables provides exposure data on the following chemicals or classes 

of chemicals. The updated tables contains cumulative data from national samples collected in 1999–2000, 2001–2002, 2003–2004, 2005–2006, 2007–2008, 

and 2009-2010. Not all chemicals were measured in each national sample. The data tables are available at http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport. An asterisk (*) 

indicates the chemical has been added since publication of the Fourth Report, 2009.

Phthalate Metabolites Volatile Organic Compounds 

Mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (Methyl chloroform)

Mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) 1,1,2-Trichloroethane

Mono-cyclohexyl phthalate (MCHP) 1,1-Dichloroethane 

Mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) 1,1-Dichloroethene (Vinylidene chloride)

Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP)

Mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) 1,2-Dichlorobenzene

Mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) 1,2-Dichloroethane (Ethylene dichloride)

Mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) cis -1,2-Dichloroethene

Mono-(carboxynonyl) phthalate (MCNP)* trans -1,2-Dichloroethene

Mono-isononyl phthalate (MiNP) 1,2-Dichloropropane

Mono-(carboxyoctyl) phthalate (MCOP)* 1,3-Dichlorobenzene 

Mono-methyl phthalate (MMP) 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (Paradichlorobenzene)

Mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) 2,5-Dimethylfuran

Mono-n-octyl phthalate (MOP) Benzene

Chlorobenzene

Phytoestrogens and Metabolites Dibromomethane

Urinary Daidzein Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride)

Urinary Enterodiol Ethylbenzene

Urinary Enterolactone Hexachloroethane

Urinary Equol Methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE)

Urinary Genistein Nitrobenzene

Urinary O-Desmethylangolensin Styrene

Tetrachloroethene (Perchloroethylene)

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolites Tetrachloromethane (Carbon tetrachloride)

2-Hydroxyfluorene Toluene

3-Hydroxyfluorene Trichloroethene (Trichloroethylene)

9-Hydroxyfluorene m-/p-Xylene

1-Hydroxyphenanthrene o -Xylene

2-Hydroxyphenanthrene

3-Hydroxyphenanthrene

4-Hydroxyphenanthrene

1-Hydroxypyrene

1-Hydroxynaphthalene (1-Naphthol)

2-Hydroxynaphthalene (2-Naphthol)

4 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum Cotinine 

Metabolite of nicotine (component of tobacco smoke) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in ng/mL) for the ***non-smoking U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * .060 (<LOD-.080) .240 (.190-.302) 1.02 (.770-1.28) 1.96 (1.60-2.62) 5999 

01-02** .062 (.050-.077) < LOD .160 (.120-.220) .930 (.740-1.17) 2.20 (1.83-2.44) 6819 

03-04 .071 (.057-.089) .050 (.040-.070) .210 (.140-.310) .990 (.740-1.30) 2.17 (1.81-2.54) 6320 

05-06 .054 (.047-.061) .040 (.030-.040) .120 (.100-.150) .630 (.460-.870) 1.47 (1.15-1.92) 6347 

07-08 .057 (.048-.068) .040 (.030-.040) .130 (.100-.180) .760 (.550-1.09) 1.81 (1.45-2.43) 6197 

09-10 .041 (.037-.046) .030 (.020-.030) .070 (.070-.090) .450 (.350-.580) 1.29 (1.04-1.61) 6678 

Age group 

3-11 years 99-00 .164 (.115-.234) .110 (.066-.188) .500 (.260-1.16) 1.88 (.997-3.44) 3.44 (1.42-4.79) 1174 

01-02** .110 (.076-.160) .070 (<LOD-.130) .570 (.310-1.00) 2.23 (1.63-2.78) 3.23 (2.53-4.01) 1415 

03-04 .137 (.088-.213) .120 (.060-.220) .620 (.310-1.20) 2.04 (1.38-2.94) 3.35 (2.12-4.68) 1252 

05-06 .078 (.062-.097) .050 (.040-.070) .220 (.160-.350) 1.22 (.880-1.82) 2.42 (1.63-3.46) 1296 

07-08 .095 (.067-.136) .060 (.040-.100) .380 (.170-.840) 1.67 (1.10-2.54) 2.81 (2.26-3.54) 1337 

09-10 .060 (.047-.075) .040 (.030-.050) .160 (.110-.250) .920 (.560-1.58) 2.15 (1.35-3.00) 1355 

12-19 years 99-00 .163 (.142-.187) .110 (.080-.163) .540 (.428-.660) 1.66 (1.50-1.95) 2.62 (2.09-3.39) 1773 

01-02** .086 (.059-.126) .050 (<LOD-.110) .350 (.190-.580) 1.53 (1.09-2.12) 3.12 (2.47-3.99) 1902 

03-04 .110 (.087-.139) .080 (.060-.120) .510 (.350-.670) 1.55 (1.21-1.93) 2.68 (1.96-4.02) 1783 

05-06 .074 (.060-.092) .050 (.040-.060) .230 (.150-.350) 1.16 (.860-1.69) 2.26 (1.69-2.72) 1714 

07-08 .081 (.061-.106) .050 (.030-.070) .350 (.170-.550) 1.25 (.930-1.99) 2.54 (2.04-2.94) 934 

09-10 .056 (.044-.072) .030 (.020-.040) .130 (.080-.230) .980 (.510-1.80) 2.49 (1.31-3.65) 1042 

20 years and older 99-00 * .050 (<LOD-.061) .167 (.140-.193) .630 (.533-.820) 1.50 (1.28-1.66) 3052 

01-02** .052 (<LOD-.063) < LOD .110 (.090-.150) .630 (.470-.790) 1.42 (1.14-1.89) 3502 

03-04 .058 (.047-.071) .040 (.030-.050) .140 (.100-.200) .630 (.480-.840) 1.54 (1.26-1.92) 3285 

05-06 .047 (.042-.053) .030 (.030-.040) .100 (.080-.120) .440 (.310-.620) 1.14 (.870-1.41) 3337 

07-08 .049 (.043-.057) .030 (.030-.040) .100 (.080-.120) .490 (.390-.640) 1.37 (.970-1.70) 3926 

09-10 .037 (.034-.040) .020 (.020-.030) .070 (.060-.070) .310 (.240-.390) .990 (.700-1.24) 4281 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .124 (.106-.145) .080 (.060-.110) .308 (.220-.410) 1.20 (.950-1.49) 2.39 (1.66-3.22) 2789 

01-02** .075 (.059-.094) .050 (<LOD-.070) .230 (.160-.320) 1.17 (.960-1.49) 2.44 (2.23-2.99) 3152 

03-04 .087 (.070-.108) .060 (.040-.080) .280 (.190-.360) 1.23 (.910-1.68) 2.63 (2.09-3.19) 2937 

05-06 .064 (.055-.074) .040 (.040-.050) .150 (.120-.190) .720 (.550-1.07) 1.85 (1.42-2.24) 2922 

07-08 .068 (.056-.081) .040 (.040-.050) .170 (.120-.240) 1.07 (.690-1.39) 2.52 (1.84-2.92) 2948 

09-10 .046 (.042-.051) .030 (.030-.030) .080 (.070-.100) .550 (.410-.700) 1.60 (1.19-2.38) 3181 

Females 99-00 * < LOD .180 (.148-.230) .850 (.600-1.14) 1.85 (1.33-2.45) 3210 

01-02** .053 (<LOD-.066) < LOD .120 (.090-.180) .710 (.540-.990) 1.77 (1.32-2.20) 3667 

03-04 .060 (.047-.077) .040 (.030-.060) .160 (.110-.260) .860 (.580-1.15) 1.76 (1.32-2.22) 3383 

05-06 .047 (.040-.054) .030 (.030-.040) .100 (.070-.130) .510 (.300-.830) 1.23 (1.04-1.52) 3425 

07-08 .050 (.042-.059) .030 (.030-.040) .110 (.080-.150) .630 (.400-.900) 1.40 (1.09-1.87) 3249 

09-10 .037 (.033-.042) .020 (.020-.030) .070 (.050-.080) .380 (.270-.570) 1.03 (.720-1.61) 3497 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.05, 0.05, 0.015, 0.015, 0.015, and 0.015 respectively. . 

** In the 2001-2002 survey period, 83% of measurements had an LOD of 0.015 ng/mL, and 17% had an LOD of 0.05 ng/mL. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

***Non-smoking is defined as a serum cotinine concentration of 10 ng/mL or less. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cotinine_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cotinine_FactSheet.html

5 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum Cotinine 

Metabolite of nicotine (component of tobacco smoke) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in ng/mL) for the ***non-smoking U.S. population from the 

 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD .140 (.110-.180) .506 (.370-.726) 1.21 (.900-1.70) 2241 

01-02** .060 (<LOD-.084) < LOD .160 (.080-.310) .730 (.480-1.19) 2.12 (1.19-2.96) 1878 

03-04 .054 (.043-.068) .030 (.020-.050) .120 (.080-.180) .690 (.430-1.00) 2.65 (1.87-3.57) 1707 

05-06 .047 (.038-.059) .030 (.020-.040) .100 (.070-.150) .500 (.370-.730) 1.54 (.830-2.49) 1807 

07-08 .044 (.033-.057) .030 (.020-.040) .080 (.060-.120) .480 (.290-.880) 1.59 (1.00-3.07) 1412 

09-10 .038 (.032-.045) .020 (.020-.030) .060 (.050-.080) .360 (.230-.640) 1.35 (.710-2.25) 1615 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .175 (.153-.201) .131 (.111-.150) .505 (.400-.625) 1.43 (1.21-1.75) 2.34 (1.84-3.50) 1333 

01-02** .164 (.137-.197) .130 (.110-.160) .580 (.450-.770) 1.77 (1.55-2.05) 3.15 (2.50-4.30) 1602 

03-04 .144 (.104-.198) .120 (.080-.180) .520 (.350-.770) 1.54 (1.20-2.14) 2.77 (2.18-3.54) 1704 

05-06 .114 (.085-.153) .080 (.060-.120) .440 (.240-.690) 1.42 (.900-2.03) 2.45 (1.70-3.70) 1630 

07-08 .094 (.079-.112) .060 (.050-.090) .320 (.250-.390) 1.19 (.980-1.46) 2.37 (1.75-2.88) 1244 

09-10 .095 (.074-.122) .070 (.050-.090) .320 (.210-.540) 1.33 (.900-2.05) 2.85 (1.97-3.60) 1129 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * .050 (<LOD-.073) .216 (.154-.312) .950 (.621-1.40) 1.92 (1.48-3.02) 1950 

01-02** .052 (<LOD-.068) < LOD .120 (.090-.180) .800 (.570-1.11) 1.88 (1.48-2.30) 2847 

03-04 .066 (.050-.087) .040 (.030-.070) .180 (.120-.300) .920 (.620-1.32) 2.01 (1.70-2.49) 2500 

05-06 .049 (.042-.056) .030 (.030-.040) .100 (.080-.130) .530 (.330-.800) 1.27 (.980-1.62) 2404 

07-08 .056 (.043-.073) .040 (.030-.050) .130 (.080-.240) .750 (.440-1.27) 1.70 (1.24-2.54) 2485 

09-10 .037 (.033-.043) .020 (.020-.030) .070 (.050-.080) .350 (.240-.560) 1.06 (.780-1.60) 2743 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.05, 0.05, 0.015, 0.015, 0.015, and 0.015 respectively. 

** In the 2001-2002 survey period, 83% of measurements had an LOD of 0.015 ng/mL, and 17% had an LOD of 0.05 ng/mL. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. . 

***Non-smoking is defined as a serum cotinine concentration of 10 ng/mL or less. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cotinine_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cotinine_FactSheet.html

6 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary NNAL (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol) 

Metabolite of (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone) (NNK) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in pg/mL) for the **non-smoking U.S. population from the

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 07-08 * < LOD 2.80 (2.20-3.70) 11.1 (8.80-14.4) 24.5 (18.0-30.4) 5212 

09-10 * < LOD 1.90 (1.60-2.40) 7.30 (6.40-8.50) 16.7 (13.9-19.6) 6067 

Age group 

6-11 years 07-08 * 1.30 (.600-2.60) 8.50 (4.70-13.8) 31.4 (17.5-49.8) 60.6 (37.1-75.7) 875 

09-10 * .600 (<LOD-1.00) 3.10 (2.20-5.00) 15.5 (10.4-22.8) 29.3 (18.1-59.4) 937 

12-19 years 07-08 * 1.20 (.600-2.10) 5.00 (3.80-9.20) 20.0 (11.9-27.5) 39.1 (20.6-60.9) 843 

09-10 * .900 (<LOD-1.50) 3.70 (2.70-5.20) 12.5 (6.90-25.5) 29.1 (13.9-51.4) 1004 

20 years and older 07-08 * < LOD 2.10 (1.70-2.50) 8.20 (6.90-9.80) 16.6 (13.9-21.5) 3494 

09-10 * < LOD 1.60 (1.30-1.90) 6.10 (5.10-6.90) 13.1 (10.7-15.8) 4126 

Gender 

Males 07-08 * < LOD 3.80 (3.00-4.50) 12.6 (10.6-15.0) 27.5 (18.9-38.1) 2463 

09-10 * < LOD 2.40 (1.90-3.00) 8.30 (7.20-9.90) 19.3 (15.2-22.5) 2903 

Females 07-08 * < LOD 2.10 (1.50-2.90) 9.70 (7.10-13.6) 21.6 (16.6-28.0) 2749 

09-10 * < LOD 1.60 (1.30-1.90) 6.50 (4.70-8.80) 14.0 (10.7-19.0) 3164 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 07-08 * < LOD 2.00 (1.20-3.10) 6.90 (4.90-9.00) 13.9 (10.8-17.3) 1206 

09-10 * < LOD 1.60 (1.20-2.20) 4.90 (3.70-7.00) 11.1 (5.70-18.4) 1476 

Non-Hispanic blacks 07-08 * .800 (<LOD-1.90) 4.90 (3.60-6.30) 14.0 (11.6-17.2) 26.1 (18.5-33.2) 1057 

09-10 1.81 (1.30-2.54) 1.40 (<LOD-2.40) 5.90 (3.80-8.10) 18.9 (11.7-26.1) 34.0 (18.9-61.9) 1004 

Non-Hispanic whites 07-08 * < LOD 2.80 (1.90-4.10) 11.9 (8.20-17.7) 27.5 (19.6-35.4) 2047 

09-10 * < LOD 1.80 (1.40-2.40) 6.80 (5.40-8.40) 15.2 (11.9-19.3) 2514 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.6 and 0.6 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**Non-smoking is defined as a serum cotinine concentration of 10 ng/mL or less. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/NNAL_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/NNAL_FactSheet.html

7 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
NNAL (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of (4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone) (NNK) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in pg/mg of creatinine) for the **non-smoking U.S. population 

from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 07-08 * < LOD 2.79 (2.31-3.50) 10.3 (7.36-14.0) 20.5 (16.4-27.5) 5210 

09-10 * < LOD 2.05 (1.88-2.28) 6.40 (5.71-7.41) 14.6 (11.5-17.3) 6066 

Age group 

6-11 years 07-08 * 2.15 (1.38-3.22) 10.7 (5.95-17.9) 38.3 (21.2-57.1) 60.9 (46.4-72.1) 875 

09-10 * 1.19 (<LOD-1.52) 4.25 (2.88-6.37) 19.2 (11.0-28.8) 37.2 (22.9-53.0) 936 

12-19 years 07-08 * 1.14 (.710-1.75) 4.40 (2.59-7.36) 14.2 (10.5-23.1) 29.2 (15.6-41.9) 841 

09-10 * 1.05 (<LOD-1.26) 3.08 (1.96-4.37) 10.0 (6.02-15.2) 20.7 (12.3-30.2) 1004 

20 years and older 07-08 * < LOD 2.34 (2.00-2.73) 6.82 (5.49-8.65) 15.1 (11.8-17.7) 3494 

09-10 * < LOD 1.84 (1.71-2.00) 5.21 (4.57-6.07) 11.4 (8.42-14.1) 4126 

Gender 

Males 07-08 * < LOD 2.98 (2.39-3.71) 10.5 (7.57-12.9) 20.9 (15.7-29.0) 2462 

09-10 * < LOD 2.00 (1.86-2.25) 6.61 (6.00-7.83) 15.1 (11.7-19.8) 2902 

Females 07-08 * < LOD 2.67 (2.14-3.37) 9.87 (6.79-14.9) 20.0 (15.7-27.9) 2748 

09-10 * < LOD 2.09 (1.82-2.36) 6.15 (4.88-8.21) 12.7 (9.26-17.3) 3164 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 07-08 * < LOD 2.16 (1.55-3.00) 5.91 (4.32-8.30) 13.3 (8.36-17.9) 1205 

09-10 * < LOD 1.73 (1.36-2.11) 5.00 (3.72-6.84) 10.0 (6.79-14.7) 1476 

Non-Hispanic blacks 07-08 * .960 (<LOD-1.42) 3.70 (2.50-5.31) 11.5 (9.18-14.2) 20.8 (14.5-28.8) 1056 

09-10 1.40 (.982-2.01) 1.21 (<LOD-2.06) 3.96 (2.78-5.99) 12.2 (7.29-20.3) 23.4 (14.3-35.4) 1003 

Non-Hispanic whites 07-08 * < LOD 2.93 (2.22-4.00) 11.4 (7.22-17.1) 23.9 (17.1-32.0) 2047 

09-10 * < LOD 1.96 (1.82-2.15) 6.09 (5.00-7.83) 14.7 (10.0-18.2) 2514 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**Non-smoking is defined as a serum cotinine concentration of 10 ng/mL or less. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/NNAL_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/NNAL_FactSheet.html

8 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Bromodichloromethane 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in pg/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 2.21 (1.65-2.97) 2.30 (1.56-3.21) 4.63 (3.24-6.20) 8.45 (5.86-12.0) 12.0 (7.68-19.2) 785 

03-04 1.50 (1.20-1.86) 1.40 (1.10-1.90) 3.40 (2.60-4.20) 6.20 (5.30-7.00) 9.50 (7.00-12.0) 1322 

05-06 1.41 (1.09-1.83) 1.30 (.880-1.80) 3.00 (2.10-4.40) 6.30 (4.30-9.70) 10.0 (6.80-14.0) 3139 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 1.23 (.954-1.58) 1.00 (.620-1.60) 2.80 (1.70-4.10) 5.50 (4.10-7.20) 8.20 (6.20-12.0) 932 

20-59 years 01-02 2.21 (1.65-2.97) 2.30 (1.56-3.21) 4.63 (3.24-6.20) 8.45 (5.86-12.0) 12.0 (7.68-19.2) 785 

03-04 1.50 (1.20-1.86) 1.40 (1.10-1.90) 3.40 (2.60-4.20) 6.20 (5.30-7.00) 9.50 (7.00-12.0) 1322 

05-06 1.45 (1.11-1.89) 1.30 (.900-1.90) 3.10 (2.10-4.60) 6.40 (4.30-10.0) 11.0 (6.90-14.0) 1537 

60 years and older 05-06 1.43 (.996-2.05) 1.40 (.850-2.00) 3.20 (1.60-5.90) 6.50 (3.20-15.0) 9.70 (5.00-18.0) 670 

Gender 

Males 01-02 2.19 (1.60-3.00) 2.31 (1.63-3.21) 4.64 (3.21-6.08) 7.96 (5.74-15.3) 13.0 (6.93-20.5) 382 

03-04 1.48 (1.18-1.85) 1.40 (.940-2.00) 3.40 (2.60-4.30) 6.60 (5.40-7.20) 11.0 (7.20-14.0) 650 

05-06 1.39 (1.07-1.80) 1.20 (.830-1.70) 3.00 (2.00-4.30) 6.50 (4.30-10.0) 11.0 (6.80-16.0) 1489 

Females 01-02 2.24 (1.66-3.01) 2.28 (1.49-3.24) 4.63 (3.09-7.01) 8.62 (5.26-12.9) 11.1 (7.68-25.0) 403 

03-04 1.51 (1.21-1.90) 1.50 (1.10-1.90) 3.30 (2.50-4.20) 6.10 (4.69-7.30) 7.80 (6.40-12.0) 672 

05-06 1.44 (1.10-1.88) 1.30 (.900-1.90) 3.10 (2.10-4.60) 6.20 (4.20-9.40) 9.40 (6.30-13.0) 1650 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 3.28 (2.29-4.68) 3.32 (2.19-4.70) 6.81 (3.71-10.4) 10.8 (8.24-14.7) 14.7 (11.1-20.5) 227 

03-04 1.65 (1.15-2.38) 1.60 (.820-2.80) 3.50 (2.60-4.90) 7.30 (4.50-10.0) 10.0 (7.30-11.0) 244 

05-06 1.95 (1.19-3.18) 1.90 (1.00-3.70) 4.40 (2.10-9.10) 9.10 (4.80-17.0) 14.0 (7.50-22.0) 771 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 2.32 (1.82-2.94) 2.50 (1.56-3.55) 4.57 (3.60-5.56) 8.69 (5.63-9.49) 10.0 (5.89-13.5) 130 

03-04 1.56 (1.15-2.13) 1.70 (1.10-2.20) 2.90 (2.15-3.80) 5.10 (3.80-6.60) 6.60 (4.90-13.0) 290 

05-06 1.74 (1.27-2.37) 1.70 (1.00-2.70) 3.80 (2.70-4.80) 6.40 (4.50-8.90) 8.70 (6.60-11.0) 817 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 2.02 (1.42-2.87) 2.16 (1.36-3.09) 4.34 (2.92-6.01) 7.33 (4.72-15.3) 11.1 (6.01-26.1) 365 

03-04 1.42 (1.11-1.81) 1.30 (.850-1.90) 3.30 (2.30-4.40) 6.20 (5.20-7.20) 9.80 (6.70-13.0) 684 

05-06 1.29 (.989-1.67) 1.10 (.710-1.70) 2.70 (1.80-4.10) 5.80 (4.00-8.60) 9.40 (6.20-14.0) 1318 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.233, 0.62, and 0.62 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/THM-DBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

9 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Dibromochloromethane (Chlorodibromomethane) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in pg/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 .867 (.521-1.44) .780 (.340-1.90) 2.61 (1.22-4.38) 5.46 (3.53-9.71) 8.96 (5.04-12.9) 781 

03-04 * < LOD 1.30 (1.00-1.80) 3.60 (2.70-4.80) 7.20 (4.80-8.60) 1333 

05-06 * < LOD 1.40 (.870-2.40) 4.30 (2.40-7.40) 7.80 (4.60-13.0) 3122 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD 1.30 (.750-2.50) 4.10 (2.60-5.50) 6.50 (4.10-11.0) 925 

20-59 years 01-02 .867 (.521-1.44) .780 (.340-1.90) 2.61 (1.22-4.38) 5.46 (3.53-9.71) 8.96 (5.04-12.9) 781 

03-04 * < LOD 1.30 (1.00-1.80) 3.60 (2.70-4.80) 7.20 (4.80-8.60) 1333 

05-06 * < LOD 1.40 (.860-2.30) 4.10 (2.40-7.10) 7.80 (4.20-14.0) 1526 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD 1.60 (.780-4.00) 5.10 (1.30-13.0) 7.90 (2.20-20.0) 671 

Gender 

Males 01-02 .850 (.481-1.50) .730 (.300-2.25) 2.66 (.960-4.38) 4.77 (3.33-9.20) 8.06 (4.31-14.6) 371 

03-04 * < LOD 1.30 (1.00-1.90) 3.70 (2.70-5.70) 7.20 (5.20-8.60) 657 

05-06 * < LOD 1.40 (.830-2.30) 4.40 (2.30-7.80) 8.30 (4.30-14.0) 1487 

Females 01-02 .884 (.550-1.42) .820 (.340-1.69) 2.54 (1.37-4.31) 6.30 (3.28-10.1) 9.91 (5.02-13.0) 410 

03-04 * < LOD 1.30 (1.00-1.80) 3.60 (2.50-4.80) 6.60 (3.80-9.20) 676 

05-06 * < LOD 1.50 (.920-2.50) 4.20 (2.20-7.80) 7.20 (4.10-14.0) 1635 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 1.61 (.843-3.06) 1.49 (.670-3.99) 4.59 (1.93-8.89) 9.26 (5.21-12.1) 12.0 (9.63-16.1) 233 

03-04 1.20 (.963-1.50) 1.10 (.810-1.40) 2.30 (1.50-4.10) 5.20 (3.80-6.90) 7.70 (5.20-11.0) 256 

05-06 1.25 (.774-2.02) .950 (<LOD-1.70) 2.50 (1.00-7.40) 7.40 (2.50-19.0) 13.0 (5.80-21.0) 759 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 1.03 (.505-2.09) .930 (.530-2.03) 2.03 (.770-7.06) 4.22 (2.01-10.5) 8.09 (2.80-16.5) 128 

03-04 * < LOD .970 (.650-1.60) 1.90 (1.20-3.20) 3.20 (1.80-5.20) 288 

05-06 * .620 (<LOD-.820) 1.30 (1.00-1.90) 3.40 (2.10-4.90) 5.50 (4.10-7.10) 822 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 .736 (.413-1.31) .640 (<LOD-1.93) 2.49 (.870-4.27) 4.57 (3.00-7.12) 6.98 (4.27-11.1) 357 

03-04 * < LOD 1.30 (.950-1.80) 3.30 (2.50-4.60) 6.60 (3.70-9.20) 685 

05-06 * < LOD 1.30 (.710-2.30) 4.10 (2.30-7.10) 7.70 (4.60-11.0) 1311 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.271, 0.62, and 0.62 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/THM-DBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

10 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Tribromomethane (Bromoform) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in pg/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 1.57 (1.07-2.31) 1.39 (.960-2.02) 2.78 (1.76-4.63) 6.05 (2.92-29.2) 15.5 (3.68-85.4) 774 

03-04 * < LOD 1.80 (<LOD-2.80) 3.74 (2.30-7.10) 6.40 (3.60-14.0) 1310 

05-06 * < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.60) 2.70 (2.00-4.00) 5.20 (3.10-7.60) 3016 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.60) 2.40 (1.70-4.40) 4.80 (2.80-7.10) 892 

20-59 years 01-02 1.57 (1.07-2.31) 1.39 (.960-2.02) 2.78 (1.76-4.63) 6.05 (2.92-29.2) 15.5 (3.68-85.4) 774 

03-04 * < LOD 1.80 (<LOD-2.80) 3.74 (2.30-7.10) 6.40 (3.60-14.0) 1310 

05-06 * < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.60) 2.90 (1.90-4.20) 5.20 (3.10-8.80) 1478 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD 1.28 (<LOD-2.10) 2.60 (2.30-3.50) 4.70 (3.00-7.70) 646 

Gender 

Males 01-02 1.49 (.944-2.34) 1.29 (.850-1.98) 2.65 (1.49-5.05) 6.12 (2.26-33.9) 14.9 (2.79-69.9) 374 

03-04 * < LOD 1.90 (<LOD-2.87) 4.00 (2.40-6.80) 6.50 (4.00-13.0) 645 

05-06 * < LOD 1.16 (<LOD-1.60) 2.70 (1.90-4.00) 5.00 (3.10-7.60) 1424 

Females 01-02 1.67 (1.17-2.39) 1.46 (1.05-2.21) 2.86 (1.89-4.57) 5.69 (3.30-27.5) 22.2 (5.09-49.6) 400 

03-04 * < LOD 1.72 (<LOD-2.65) 3.20 (1.93-7.70) 6.10 (3.10-31.0) 665 

05-06 * < LOD 1.23 (1.00-1.60) 2.70 (1.90-4.20) 5.20 (3.10-8.80) 1592 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 2.34 (1.15-4.77) 1.66 (.990-3.38) 4.03 (1.42-36.5) 28.3 (4.39-49.2) 40.8 (31.5-57.9) 234 

03-04 * 1.60 (<LOD-3.10) 3.30 (<LOD-9.40) 7.60 (3.60-14.0) 11.0 (5.60-210) 242 

05-06 * < LOD 1.60 (1.04-3.20) 4.00 (2.40-5.90) 5.90 (4.30-8.30) 721 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 1.51 (.857-2.67) 1.47 (.780-3.15) 2.58 (1.39-4.64) 4.34 (2.57-8.48) 6.27 (3.28-15.2) 121 

03-04 * < LOD 1.60 (<LOD-2.30) 2.50 (1.80-3.20) 3.20 (2.40-6.10) 289 

05-06 * < LOD 1.10 (<LOD-1.30) 2.00 (1.70-2.40) 3.40 (2.30-4.30) 796 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 1.47 (.980-2.22) 1.29 (.840-2.06) 2.58 (1.51-4.91) 5.69 (2.84-21.2) 11.0 (3.30-69.9) 362 

03-04 * < LOD 1.70 (<LOD-2.90) 3.50 (2.00-7.70) 5.90 (3.30-21.0) 680 

05-06 * < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.60) 2.80 (2.00-3.90) 5.40 (3.10-9.90) 1271 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.596, 1.5, and 1.0 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/THM-DBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

11 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Trichloromethane (Chloroform) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in pg/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 16.6 (13.0-21.1) 16.1 (11.9-22.2) 31.7 (23.9-40.4) 55.5 (44.5-68.6) 72.1 (57.3-105) 744 

03-04 10.2 (8.56-12.2) 10.0 (8.50-13.0) 20.0 (17.0-24.0) 35.0 (29.0-40.0) 50.0 (37.0-65.0) 1222 

05-06 10.1 (9.09-11.3) 9.90 (8.90-11.0) 19.0 (17.0-21.0) 36.0 (31.0-41.0) 54.0 (46.0-64.0) 3111 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 9.22 (8.20-10.4) 9.10 (8.10-10.0) 17.0 (14.0-20.0) 33.0 (27.0-40.0) 46.0 (36.0-64.0) 913 

20-59 years 01-02 16.6 (13.0-21.1) 16.1 (11.9-22.2) 31.7 (23.9-40.4) 55.5 (44.5-68.6) 72.1 (57.3-105) 744 

03-04 10.2 (8.56-12.2) 10.0 (8.50-13.0) 20.0 (17.0-24.0) 35.0 (29.0-40.0) 50.0 (37.0-65.0) 1222 

05-06 10.5 (9.29-11.8) 10.0 (8.90-12.0) 20.0 (18.0-22.0) 37.0 (31.0-44.0) 55.0 (46.0-71.0) 1529 

60 years and older 05-06 9.71 (8.25-11.4) 9.60 (8.20-11.0) 19.0 (14.0-22.0) 35.0 (27.0-40.0) 46.0 (39.0-59.0) 669 

Gender 

Males 01-02 16.8 (12.0-23.5) 16.1 (11.0-24.8) 34.3 (22.4-48.7) 57.0 (39.9-76.4) 75.2 (54.5-156) 358 

03-04 10.1 (8.43-12.1) 10.0 (7.90-14.0) 20.0 (17.0-25.0) 36.8 (29.0-49.0) 53.0 (36.8-69.0) 599 

05-06 9.94 (8.80-11.2) 9.80 (8.50-11.0) 19.0 (17.0-22.0) 38.0 (33.0-44.0) 54.0 (46.0-67.0) 1483 

Females 01-02 16.4 (13.4-20.1) 16.6 (12.0-21.5) 29.2 (24.0-36.5) 53.5 (38.4-68.9) 69.5 (53.3-104) 386 

03-04 10.4 (8.41-12.7) 10.0 (8.40-13.0) 20.0 (16.0-23.9) 33.0 (26.0-40.0) 46.0 (35.0-65.0) 623 

05-06 10.4 (9.24-11.6) 10.0 (9.10-11.0) 19.0 (17.0-21.0) 32.0 (29.0-39.0) 52.0 (41.0-67.0) 1628 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 17.0 (10.5-27.6) 14.5 (10.0-32.7) 35.1 (18.6-57.6) 60.7 (41.5-100) 93.0 (49.7-243) 223 

03-04 9.17 (7.45-11.3) 9.30 (7.60-11.0) 19.0 (15.0-24.0) 34.0 (24.0-44.4) 44.4 (30.0-59.0) 225 

05-06 10.3 (8.59-12.5) 10.0 (7.60-14.0) 20.0 (17.0-22.0) 36.0 (30.0-41.0) 47.0 (41.0-64.0) 740 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 19.1 (12.9-28.1) 20.9 (9.28-37.4) 38.4 (27.7-46.0) 55.9 (45.5-69.8) 68.9 (51.9-74.0) 116 

03-04 11.8 (9.54-14.6) 12.0 (8.90-15.0) 20.0 (15.0-30.0) 35.0 (28.0-59.0) 61.0 (34.0-100) 272 

05-06 11.9 (9.78-14.4) 12.0 (9.10-15.0) 22.0 (19.0-26.0) 39.0 (31.0-47.0) 55.0 (46.0-70.0) 822 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 15.6 (12.0-20.2) 15.2 (11.2-20.5) 26.8 (20.4-39.5) 53.5 (35.3-72.1) 69.5 (53.5-105) 348 

03-04 9.84 (8.09-12.0) 10.0 (8.10-13.0) 20.0 (16.0-23.0) 33.8 (27.0-40.0) 47.0 (35.0-67.0) 630 

05-06 9.87 (8.79-11.1) 9.70 (8.80-11.0) 19.0 (16.0-21.0) 34.0 (29.0-43.0) 53.0 (45.0-67.0) 1318 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 2.37, 2.11, and 2.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/THM-DBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

12 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Benzophenone-3 (2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 22.9 (18.1-28.9) 18.1 (15.5-23.2) 94.0 (67.5-123) 370 (225-570) 1040 (698-1390) 2517 

05-06 19.4 (16.5-22.8) 14.1 (12.5-17.5) 68.8 (54.5-87.2) 433 (294-597) 1150 (936-1510) 2548 

07-08 18.3 (13.7-24.3) 14.3 (10.7-19.8) 64.1 (42.8-116) 365 (223-524) 801 (471-2080) 2604 

09-10 22.3 (18.0-27.7) 16.4 (12.7-20.5) 81.2 (55.0-126) 493 (320-742) 1750 (931-3120) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 21.2 (16.4-27.3) 17.2 (14.9-25.9) 66.7 (38.7-102) 158 (106-246) 246 (154-618) 314 

05-06 21.2 (14.3-31.3) 19.4 (11.7-26.1) 58.8 (40.5-102) 259 (115-433) 852 (355-2200) 356 

07-08 24.1 (15.0-38.7) 17.2 (11.8-25.0) 79.9 (32.9-168) 392 (129-1610) 1410 (165-43600) 389 

09-10 21.7 (15.6-30.2) 14.6 (12.0-19.7) 52.7 (27.2-119) 470 (80.7-1900) 1570 (153-6440) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 22.9 (18.0-29.3) 20.1 (16.1-25.1) 67.1 (45.2-93.8) 170 (137-240) 407 (183-717) 715 

05-06 21.2 (15.8-28.4) 14.9 (12.1-21.4) 64.3 (39.7-95.3) 227 (130-382) 633 (252-1260) 702 

07-08 21.5 (16.0-28.8) 15.0 (11.9-21.3) 59.3 (36.7-111) 214 (113-613) 613 (206-1350) 401 

09-10 23.3 (16.6-32.5) 16.6 (13.1-19.7) 62.3 (35.1-129) 423 (184-843) 988 (550-2670) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 23.1 (18.0-29.6) 18.1 (14.7-23.3) 109 (72.1-140) 450 (315-733) 1220 (769-1750) 1488 

05-06 19.0 (16.5-21.8) 13.5 (12.0-16.3) 70.9 (55.2-87.2) 543 (390-638) 1200 (954-1690) 1490 

07-08 17.3 (13.0-23.0) 13.7 (10.0-19.5) 64.1 (41.5-117) 371 (240-516) 801 (516-1790) 1814 

09-10 22.3 (17.9-27.7) 16.5 (12.3-22.5) 86.7 (63.1-129) 505 (339-760) 1890 (1240-3170) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 16.8 (13.2-21.3) 13.7 (11.4-16.8) 55.3 (33.2-86.6) 178 (134-324) 567 (238-1350) 1229 

05-06 14.6 (10.8-19.7) 11.8 (8.80-15.9) 43.4 (31.0-68.8) 227 (103-552) 909 (479-1190) 1270 

07-08 11.9 (8.84-16.0) 9.40 (7.70-12.3) 37.6 (22.6-54.7) 172 (79.9-376) 471 (208-1410) 1294 

09-10 15.3 (12.7-18.6) 12.2 (10.0-15.2) 52.8 (33.9-72.6) 223 (129-332) 610 (318-1270) 1399 

Females 03-04 30.7 (23.7-39.8) 26.0 (20.2-34.1) 137 (106-172) 596 (403-769) 1340 (776-1790) 1288 

05-06 25.5 (21.7-29.9) 17.9 (14.3-23.1) 129 (82.9-166) 638 (478-900) 1410 (945-2620) 1278 

07-08 27.6 (20.4-37.3) 25.6 (17.5-33.9) 117 (72.6-211) 535 (361-757) 1260 (643-2280) 1310 

09-10 32.0 (23.7-43.3) 23.0 (16.4-29.8) 148 (73.3-260) 1020 (540-1800) 3200 (1760-4400) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 16.5 (10.9-25.1) 11.9 (8.50-18.3) 45.5 (25.9-78.2) 178 (76.4-412) 412 (178-2180) 613 

05-06 14.3 (10.7-19.1) 10.2 (7.40-14.1) 45.6 (24.1-75.7) 214 (166-313) 635 (337-1090) 637 

07-08 12.1 (9.49-15.3) 9.90 (7.70-12.4) 32.6 (25.0-48.3) 142 (85.0-268) 409 (214-778) 531 

09-10 17.2 (13.7-21.6) 12.5 (10.5-14.5) 41.9 (30.2-57.4) 351 (248-546) 1130 (493-2140) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 12.8 (9.38-17.4) 10.2 (7.40-14.4) 34.3 (22.8-50.6) 127 (90.8-176) 247 (143-499) 652 

05-06 12.4 (9.77-15.6) 9.40 (7.30-11.8) 33.0 (22.3-46.5) 208 (115-291) 556 (269-1060) 678 

07-08 8.55 (6.75-10.8) 7.40 (5.00-9.70) 25.5 (17.5-34.5) 117 (66.8-217) 422 (195-786) 597 

09-10 14.0 (10.9-18.1) 8.90 (7.30-10.5) 30.9 (21.9-50.5) 276 (143-437) 705 (320-3000) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 27.7 (20.3-37.8) 24.4 (16.8-32.0) 121 (83.6-162) 507 (316-769) 1340 (733-2070) 1092 

05-06 21.6 (18.5-25.2) 16.0 (13.5-19.0) 82.4 (64.2-114) 552 (392-754) 1370 (945-2050) 1038 

07-08 23.1 (15.0-35.5) 18.7 (11.0-33.7) 101 (47.4-206) 459 (241-749) 1160 (487-2620) 1077 

09-10 26.1 (19.0-35.9) 21.1 (14.6-29.7) 94.9 (59.8-186) 610 (325-1240) 2130 (934-3820) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.3, 0.4, 0.4, and 0.4 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Benzophenone-3_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Benzophenone-3_FactSheet.html

13 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Benzophenone-3 (2-Hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone) (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 22.2 (17.6-28.0) 16.2 (12.7-21.6) 82.0 (58.7-108) 415 (283-577) 1080 (686-1600) 2514 

05-06 18.9 (15.8-22.6) 13.5 (11.2-16.8) 60.4 (47.6-81.4) 445 (346-553) 1210 (794-1970) 2548 

07-08 18.4 (13.9-24.4) 13.5 (10.2-17.8) 67.9 (45.2-117) 338 (215-584) 935 (525-1800) 2604 

09-10 23.3 (18.7-29.1) 16.1 (12.8-19.8) 79.1 (52.2-124) 579 (355-1040) 2340 (1380-3010) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 25.8 (19.5-34.1) 22.4 (14.4-33.7) 84.6 (41.0-131) 171 (132-365) 427 (171-710) 314 

05-06 23.3 (15.9-34.1) 17.5 (11.6-28.3) 67.7 (39.7-105) 249 (106-631) 868 (264-2080) 356 

07-08 29.7 (19.0-46.6) 19.3 (12.4-32.3) 103 (51.1-159) 442 (133-1550) 1430 (187-29100) 389 

09-10 28.3 (20.4-39.4) 18.8 (14.7-21.1) 53.9 (33.2-132) 565 (104-3410) 1780 (253-8230) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 17.2 (13.7-21.5) 12.9 (10.4-16.5) 43.6 (29.5-57.7) 136 (91.7-239) 350 (173-646) 713 

05-06 15.8 (11.6-21.6) 12.1 (9.16-17.0) 42.5 (28.6-58.7) 164 (101-438) 625 (225-956) 702 

07-08 16.7 (12.4-22.4) 12.1 (8.57-17.6) 55.7 (30.4-74.8) 211 (88.2-505) 505 (163-902) 401 

09-10 18.7 (13.4-26.1) 13.6 (10.1-19.7) 39.9 (25.5-91.6) 412 (89.8-750) 1240 (629-2540) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 22.8 (17.8-29.1) 16.2 (12.7-21.9) 93.2 (66.0-130) 491 (361-700) 1330 (880-1880) 1487 

05-06 19.0 (16.3-22.2) 13.4 (11.2-16.2) 64.2 (49.3-87.0) 509 (406-628) 1480 (816-2200) 1490 

07-08 17.7 (13.3-23.6) 12.6 (9.93-17.5) 67.7 (44.1-127) 362 (249-584) 960 (581-1970) 1814 

09-10 23.6 (18.8-29.5) 16.3 (12.7-20.2) 83.6 (58.3-146) 602 (364-1230) 2470 (1350-3080) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 13.6 (10.8-17.1) 10.3 (8.36-12.9) 40.0 (24.9-62.5) 169 (93.3-316) 381 (229-685) 1228 

05-06 11.7 (8.74-15.8) 9.43 (6.72-12.5) 31.9 (19.7-49.4) 176 (77.1-406) 553 (317-948) 1270 

07-08 10.0 (7.37-13.7) 7.50 (5.74-10.0) 28.7 (18.5-47.3) 142 (65.8-225) 332 (181-960) 1294 

09-10 13.7 (11.4-16.6) 10.7 (8.53-12.7) 44.6 (29.7-57.4) 186 (123-287) 420 (287-1230) 1399 

Females 03-04 35.5 (27.1-46.4) 28.2 (20.2-37.0) 144 (101-224) 686 (491-1130) 1850 (1220-2580) 1286 

05-06 30.0 (25.3-35.6) 20.9 (17.0-29.0) 129 (88.0-175) 707 (527-912) 1880 (1150-2770) 1278 

07-08 33.0 (25.0-43.7) 26.2 (19.1-41.1) 156 (90.2-235) 617 (385-935) 1500 (746-2710) 1310 

09-10 38.6 (28.1-53.0) 25.7 (17.5-35.2) 161 (76.3-378) 1580 (955-2410) 3250 (2540-4640) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 15.1 (9.44-24.0) 11.1 (6.95-16.0) 40.7 (18.3-85.8) 158 (87.4-362) 595 (118-1860) 612 

05-06 12.9 (10.2-16.2) 8.63 (6.16-12.5) 32.1 (23.1-51.8) 216 (135-408) 948 (441-1220) 637 

07-08 11.8 (8.87-15.6) 8.97 (7.00-12.4) 33.6 (26.0-43.2) 154 (93.4-249) 413 (217-932) 531 

09-10 17.1 (13.4-21.7) 12.2 (9.64-14.5) 40.4 (26.4-60.3) 288 (155-603) 1310 (441-2180) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 8.78 (6.49-11.9) 6.80 (5.27-9.00) 19.7 (13.5-33.4) 79.8 (46.8-139) 185 (79.8-536) 651 

05-06 8.69 (7.02-10.8) 6.29 (5.52-7.78) 21.2 (14.5-34.5) 118 (74.9-245) 448 (208-876) 678 

07-08 6.65 (5.24-8.42) 5.09 (4.15-6.10) 17.8 (13.2-24.2) 86.6 (57.5-122) 297 (113-903) 597 

09-10 10.2 (8.12-12.7) 6.46 (5.40-7.67) 23.1 (15.5-38.2) 160 (79.9-396) 653 (305-1580) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 28.3 (20.6-38.8) 22.0 (14.6-32.7) 116 (73.5-175) 510 (380-760) 1330 (852-2410) 1091 

05-06 22.7 (19.4-26.7) 16.2 (13.0-19.7) 77.3 (56.5-106) 538 (406-679) 1500 (828-2430) 1038 

07-08 24.1 (15.6-37.2) 18.1 (11.0-30.0) 103 (53.6-198) 494 (227-960) 1170 (522-2710) 1077 

09-10 29.3 (20.7-41.5) 22.1 (14.6-33.1) 99.2 (54.3-241) 767 (412-1550) 2590 (1510-3250) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Benzophenone-3_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Benzophenone-3_FactSheet.html

14 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Bisphenol A (2,2-bis[4-Hydroxyphenyl] propane) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 2.64 (2.38-2.94) 2.80 (2.50-3.10) 5.50 (5.00-6.20) 10.6 (9.40-12.0) 16.0 (14.4-17.2) 2517 

05-06 1.90 (1.79-2.02) 2.00 (1.90-2.00) 3.70 (3.50-3.90) 7.00 (6.40-7.60) 11.5 (10.0-13.6) 2548 

07-08 2.08 (1.92-2.26) 2.10 (1.90-2.30) 4.10 (3.60-4.60) 7.70 (6.80-8.70) 13.0 (10.0-15.6) 2604 

09-10 1.83 (1.72-1.94) 1.90 (1.70-2.00) 3.50 (3.30-3.80) 6.60 (6.00-7.20) 9.60 (8.50-11.3) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 3.55 (2.95-4.29) 3.80 (2.70-5.00) 6.90 (6.00-8.30) 12.6 (9.50-15.1) 16.0 (11.5-23.3) 314 

05-06 2.86 (2.52-3.24) 2.70 (2.30-2.90) 5.00 (4.40-5.80) 13.5 (9.30-16.8) 22.8 (13.6-34.6) 356 

07-08 2.48 (2.21-2.77) 2.40 (1.90-3.00) 4.50 (3.70-5.50) 7.60 (6.30-9.50) 13.4 (8.80-17.8) 389 

09-10 1.81 (1.55-2.10) 1.70 (1.50-2.00) 3.40 (3.00-4.00) 6.50 (4.30-9.70) 9.20 (6.50-15.1) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 3.74 (3.31-4.22) 4.30 (3.60-4.60) 7.80 (6.50-9.00) 13.5 (11.8-15.2) 16.5 (15.2-20.9) 715 

05-06 2.42 (2.18-2.68) 2.40 (2.10-2.70) 4.30 (3.90-5.20) 8.40 (6.50-10.8) 11.9 (10.7-14.8) 702 

07-08 2.45 (2.14-2.80) 2.40 (2.10-2.60) 4.40 (3.60-5.50) 9.70 (7.30-11.9) 12.2 (9.70-19.0) 401 

09-10 2.11 (1.86-2.40) 2.20 (1.90-2.40) 3.80 (3.20-4.50) 6.90 (4.70-10.8) 11.1 (6.90-21.0) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 2.41 (2.15-2.72) 2.60 (2.30-2.80) 5.10 (4.50-5.70) 9.50 (8.10-11.3) 15.2 (12.4-18.1) 1488 

05-06 1.75 (1.62-1.89) 1.80 (1.70-2.00) 3.40 (3.10-3.70) 6.40 (5.80-7.50) 10.7 (8.80-12.1) 1490 

07-08 1.99 (1.82-2.18) 2.00 (1.80-2.30) 3.90 (3.40-4.60) 7.40 (6.60-8.50) 13.2 (9.10-15.7) 1814 

09-10 1.79 (1.67-1.93) 1.80 (1.60-2.00) 3.50 (3.30-3.70) 6.50 (6.00-7.20) 9.60 (8.30-11.3) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 2.92 (2.63-3.24) 3.20 (2.70-3.60) 6.10 (5.40-6.60) 10.4 (9.50-11.6) 16.0 (12.7-17.6) 1229 

05-06 2.09 (1.92-2.28) 2.10 (2.00-2.30) 3.70 (3.40-4.20) 7.70 (6.80-9.30) 12.8 (10.1-15.8) 1270 

07-08 2.20 (2.01-2.41) 2.10 (1.90-2.40) 4.00 (3.60-4.70) 8.10 (6.70-9.70) 14.0 (8.70-20.8) 1294 

09-10 1.94 (1.82-2.07) 1.90 (1.70-2.00) 3.70 (3.40-4.10) 6.90 (5.90-7.90) 10.9 (8.40-13.5) 1399 

Females 03-04 2.41 (2.11-2.75) 2.50 (2.20-2.80) 5.00 (4.20-6.20) 10.6 (8.70-12.5) 15.9 (13.5-20.1) 1288 

05-06 1.74 (1.55-1.95) 1.80 (1.60-2.00) 3.70 (3.10-4.00) 6.20 (5.80-7.60) 10.4 (7.70-14.7) 1278 

07-08 1.97 (1.80-2.16) 2.00 (1.80-2.20) 4.10 (3.60-4.60) 7.40 (6.80-8.20) 12.0 (9.60-14.1) 1310 

09-10 1.73 (1.60-1.87) 1.80 (1.60-2.00) 3.40 (3.20-3.70) 6.50 (5.60-7.10) 9.20 (8.00-11.2) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 2.58 (2.15-3.08) 2.60 (2.10-3.20) 5.20 (4.40-6.50) 9.90 (7.30-13.9) 15.4 (10.2-19.7) 613 

05-06 2.05 (1.75-2.40) 2.00 (1.70-2.40) 3.60 (3.00-4.20) 6.90 (5.40-10.1) 12.2 (8.00-15.6) 637 

07-08 2.09 (1.94-2.26) 2.00 (1.80-2.30) 3.80 (3.30-4.30) 7.10 (6.10-8.60) 11.7 (7.70-14.6) 531 

09-10 1.92 (1.69-2.19) 2.10 (1.80-2.30) 3.50 (3.10-4.10) 6.50 (5.20-7.50) 9.00 (6.90-16.2) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 4.24 (3.73-4.82) 4.30 (3.80-5.10) 8.20 (7.10-9.80) 14.2 (11.7-16.9) 20.6 (14.9-25.2) 652 

05-06 2.50 (2.25-2.77) 2.70 (2.30-3.00) 4.60 (4.00-5.00) 8.00 (6.80-9.30) 11.3 (8.90-14.2) 678 

07-08 2.66 (2.38-2.97) 2.80 (2.60-3.10) 5.40 (4.40-6.40) 9.10 (7.50-10.4) 13.3 (10.0-15.1) 597 

09-10 2.51 (2.22-2.83) 2.60 (2.30-3.00) 4.40 (3.80-5.00) 7.30 (6.10-8.80) 10.3 (7.90-13.6) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 2.51 (2.26-2.79) 2.70 (2.50-3.00) 5.20 (4.70-5.80) 9.60 (8.30-10.9) 15.1 (12.6-16.7) 1092 

05-06 1.76 (1.62-1.91) 1.80 (1.60-2.00) 3.50 (3.20-3.80) 6.80 (5.90-7.60) 11.0 (8.80-13.7) 1038 

07-08 2.06 (1.87-2.27) 2.00 (1.80-2.30) 4.00 (3.40-4.70) 7.80 (6.70-8.90) 13.7 (9.80-16.1) 1077 

09-10 1.73 (1.60-1.87) 1.70 (1.60-1.90) 3.40 (3.10-3.70) 6.40 (5.40-7.60) 9.20 (8.20-11.2) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, and 0.4 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/BisphenolA_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/BisphenolA_FactSheet.html

15 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Bisphenol A (2,2-bis[4-Hydroxyphenyl] propane) (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 2.58 (2.36-2.82) 2.50 (2.31-2.80) 4.29 (3.88-4.75) 7.67 (6.62-8.66) 11.2 (9.78-12.4) 2514 

05-06 1.86 (1.79-1.92) 1.71 (1.64-1.79) 3.01 (2.86-3.20) 5.73 (5.29-6.36) 9.70 (8.31-10.9) 2548 

07-08 2.10 (1.95-2.25) 1.95 (1.84-2.03) 3.45 (3.02-3.83) 6.09 (5.10-7.45) 10.0 (7.48-13.2) 2604 

09-10 1.91 (1.79-2.04) 1.76 (1.67-1.84) 3.06 (2.80-3.33) 5.33 (4.68-6.06) 8.03 (6.94-10.0) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 4.32 (3.63-5.14) 4.29 (3.63-5.23) 7.14 (5.83-9.56) 12.2 (9.84-14.8) 15.7 (12.2-23.2) 314 

05-06 3.14 (2.79-3.54) 2.80 (2.55-3.06) 5.04 (4.46-5.71) 15.6 (8.15-22.4) 24.6 (19.9-48.5) 356 

07-08 3.05 (2.73-3.41) 2.69 (2.38-3.12) 5.06 (4.33-5.60) 11.9 (6.30-17.4) 20.8 (12.7-26.3) 389 

09-10 2.36 (2.09-2.65) 2.18 (2.00-2.53) 3.70 (3.14-4.29) 5.97 (4.57-9.15) 9.57 (6.52-13.7) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 2.80 (2.52-3.11) 2.74 (2.35-3.22) 4.74 (4.21-5.09) 7.79 (6.41-8.87) 11.8 (8.05-14.2) 713 

05-06 1.80 (1.67-1.95) 1.65 (1.50-1.76) 2.73 (2.41-2.98) 5.71 (4.07-7.50) 8.52 (6.94-12.2) 702 

07-08 1.90 (1.72-2.10) 1.69 (1.50-2.00) 2.94 (2.38-3.60) 5.10 (4.17-6.82) 7.72 (5.32-13.9) 401 

09-10 1.70 (1.47-1.95) 1.60 (1.34-1.88) 2.63 (2.11-3.58) 4.47 (3.76-6.19) 6.71 (4.40-17.8) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 2.39 (2.17-2.64) 2.36 (2.15-2.59) 3.93 (3.44-4.33) 6.64 (5.97-7.74) 10.0 (9.01-11.4) 1487 

05-06 1.75 (1.67-1.84) 1.64 (1.56-1.75) 2.84 (2.67-3.08) 5.38 (4.89-5.87) 8.54 (7.58-9.77) 1490 

07-08 2.04 (1.90-2.20) 1.92 (1.79-2.03) 3.36 (2.91-3.78) 6.02 (4.88-7.48) 9.32 (7.48-12.1) 1814 

09-10 1.90 (1.76-2.05) 1.76 (1.66-1.84) 3.04 (2.76-3.24) 5.33 (4.67-6.11) 8.00 (6.97-10.0) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 2.38 (2.15-2.63) 2.31 (2.08-2.70) 4.19 (3.81-4.64) 7.10 (6.41-8.28) 9.94 (9.06-11.7) 1228 

05-06 1.68 (1.57-1.80) 1.56 (1.45-1.64) 2.73 (2.43-3.14) 5.27 (4.64-6.04) 8.40 (6.81-11.4) 1270 

07-08 1.85 (1.71-2.01) 1.77 (1.57-1.91) 2.97 (2.59-3.33) 5.41 (4.47-7.51) 9.52 (6.29-13.4) 1294 

09-10 1.74 (1.62-1.87) 1.60 (1.48-1.72) 2.76 (2.53-2.96) 5.00 (4.16-5.86) 7.50 (6.22-9.00) 1399 

Females 03-04 2.78 (2.50-3.08) 2.68 (2.40-2.94) 4.41 (3.81-5.15) 7.93 (6.48-10.2) 12.4 (9.29-18.2) 1286 

05-06 2.04 (1.95-2.14) 1.85 (1.76-2.02) 3.21 (2.98-3.39) 6.47 (5.51-7.50) 9.86 (8.62-11.8) 1278 

07-08 2.36 (2.17-2.57) 2.14 (1.98-2.33) 3.77 (3.43-4.31) 6.67 (5.41-7.83) 10.5 (7.45-15.2) 1310 

09-10 2.09 (1.92-2.27) 1.93 (1.80-2.15) 3.33 (2.94-3.84) 5.49 (4.87-6.74) 8.80 (6.47-12.5) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 2.34 (2.02-2.71) 2.38 (2.00-2.65) 3.85 (3.24-4.55) 7.09 (5.00-9.04) 10.9 (8.50-14.3) 612 

05-06 1.84 (1.66-2.04) 1.62 (1.45-1.84) 2.99 (2.56-3.60) 6.00 (4.51-8.00) 10.3 (6.84-14.9) 637 

07-08 2.04 (1.86-2.24) 1.88 (1.72-2.11) 3.33 (2.96-3.95) 5.68 (5.05-6.59) 8.90 (6.30-11.8) 531 

09-10 1.91 (1.71-2.13) 1.76 (1.67-1.87) 3.13 (2.63-3.57) 5.51 (4.72-6.97) 8.71 (5.86-14.4) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 2.92 (2.58-3.32) 2.95 (2.51-3.27) 4.90 (4.07-6.13) 8.64 (7.53-9.63) 11.9 (10.2-13.3) 651 

05-06 1.76 (1.62-1.90) 1.68 (1.53-1.92) 2.82 (2.67-3.04) 4.56 (3.85-5.43) 6.81 (5.00-9.27) 678 

07-08 2.06 (1.91-2.23) 2.03 (1.83-2.25) 3.24 (2.86-3.78) 5.71 (5.15-6.54) 8.59 (6.54-10.9) 597 

09-10 1.82 (1.65-2.01) 1.70 (1.56-1.89) 2.90 (2.39-3.17) 4.94 (4.02-6.03) 6.74 (5.95-8.09) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 2.58 (2.37-2.81) 2.55 (2.32-2.80) 4.30 (3.93-4.67) 7.58 (6.32-8.87) 11.0 (9.34-12.4) 1091 

05-06 1.85 (1.75-1.96) 1.70 (1.60-1.82) 3.08 (2.78-3.31) 5.80 (5.13-6.72) 9.77 (7.87-11.5) 1038 

07-08 2.15 (1.97-2.35) 1.97 (1.84-2.11) 3.50 (3.04-3.95) 6.44 (5.04-8.00) 10.9 (7.47-14.5) 1077 

09-10 1.94 (1.79-2.10) 1.78 (1.67-1.92) 3.16 (2.80-3.59) 5.45 (4.67-6.94) 8.55 (6.73-10.0) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/BisphenolA_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/BisphenolA_FactSheet.html

16 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 4-tert-Octylphenol (4-[1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl] phenol) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) 2604 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .300 (.300-.400) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) 356 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .300 (.200-.400) 389 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.400) .400 (.300-.600) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.400) 702 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.400) 401 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) .300 (.300-.400) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.400) 1814 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.400) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.400) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .300 (.300-.400) 1399 

Females 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1278 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) 1310 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .300 (.200-.400) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.800) 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) 531 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.500) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.400) 678 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .300 (.200-.500) 597 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.600) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .200 (.200-.300) 1077 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .300 (.300-.400) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.2, 0.2, and 0.2 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**The 2003-2004 data for this chemical have been removed, due to potential for contamination that may have occurred during sampling. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Octylphenol_BiomonitoringSummary.html

17 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 4-tert-Octylphenol (4-[1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl] phenol) (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .560 (<LOD-.620) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .670 (.560-.880) 2604 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .470 (<LOD-.500) .640 (.580-.680) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .410 (.350-.610) 356 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .440 (<LOD-.540) .600 (.420-.930) 389 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .560 (<LOD-.670) .740 (.640-.830) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .450 (<LOD-.560) 702 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .420 (<LOD-.540) 401 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .360 (.270-.440) .450 (.340-.560) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .580 (<LOD-.670) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .700 (.580-.930) 1814 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .640 (.580-.700) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .390 (<LOD-.440) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .510 (.390-.600) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .380 (<LOD-.420) .480 (.450-.610) 1399 

Females 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1278 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .880 (.670-1.08) 1310 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .540 (<LOD-.580) .700 (.640-.880) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .480 (<LOD-.740) 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .520 (.440-.610) 531 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .560 (<LOD-.750) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .320 (<LOD-.400) 678 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .320 (<LOD-.410) .460 (.340-.610) 597 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.250-.330) .440 (.320-.560) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .610 (<LOD-.670) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .700 (.560-.930) 1077 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .500 (<LOD-.560) .670 (.580-.740) 1206 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**The 2003-2004 data for this chemical have been removed, due to potential for contamination that may have occurred during sampling. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Octylphenol_BiomonitoringSummary.html

18 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Triclosan (2,4,4'-Trichloro-2'-hydroxyphenyl ether) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 13.0 (11.6-14.6) 9.20 (7.90-10.9) 47.4 (38.2-58.4) 249 (188-304) 461 (383-522) 2517 

05-06 18.5 (16.1-21.3) 15.1 (11.8-18.5) 76.2 (57.9-97.6) 334 (279-402) 655 (573-739) 2548 

07-08 15.3 (13.5-17.4) 12.1 (10.2-13.8) 57.2 (46.1-65.9) 225 (176-288) 494 (371-615) 2604 

09-10 14.5 (12.6-16.6) 10.7 (8.80-12.6) 51.2 (39.4-67.7) 238 (200-284) 483 (398-569) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 8.16 (6.20-10.8) 6.00 (4.00-8.50) 20.7 (14.3-31.6) 123 (36.4-163) 157 (113-380) 314 

05-06 12.8 (9.89-16.7) 10.3 (8.30-17.2) 35.4 (23.9-65.8) 97.6 (67.4-181) 246 (99.5-462) 356 

07-08 11.8 (7.57-18.2) 9.80 (6.70-13.9) 27.7 (14.8-52.2) 98.5 (40.5-364) 296 (67.4-826) 389 

09-10 10.9 (9.35-12.8) 9.90 (7.10-11.9) 28.3 (22.1-35.5) 95.5 (71.5-117) 200 (114-474) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 14.5 (11.0-19.1) 10.3 (8.20-13.1) 39.0 (26.5-86.4) 304 (134-566) 655 (310-890) 715 

05-06 18.8 (14.9-23.8) 15.4 (11.0-21.0) 67.5 (45.3-100) 330 (174-461) 566 (389-707) 702 

07-08 18.2 (13.8-23.8) 13.8 (9.40-20.1) 63.2 (38.7-110) 296 (144-395) 401 (308-853) 401 

09-10 11.7 (9.89-13.8) 8.80 (7.30-10.9) 30.2 (24.3-40.6) 165 (56.7-289) 301 (220-431) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 13.6 (12.0-15.3) 9.60 (8.20-11.5) 51.7 (39.6-65.7) 261 (198-317) 472 (406-522) 1488 

05-06 19.3 (16.4-22.6) 15.5 (11.8-19.4) 84.3 (61.0-114) 366 (289-462) 738 (583-864) 1490 

07-08 15.4 (13.7-17.3) 12.3 (10.1-14.4) 60.1 (48.5-69.0) 225 (185-286) 504 (378-573) 1814 

09-10 15.5 (12.9-18.5) 11.1 (8.60-14.2) 61.8 (41.8-86.0) 262 (214-327) 544 (415-621) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 16.2 (13.4-19.6) 11.7 (9.30-14.8) 84.9 (50.6-111) 317 (231-433) 574 (461-716) 1229 

05-06 21.3 (17.6-25.7) 17.6 (11.9-23.2) 103 (69.9-143) 446 (366-488) 738 (601-873) 1270 

07-08 15.2 (12.9-17.9) 12.3 (9.50-15.3) 60.6 (45.8-72.8) 236 (159-338) 467 (367-636) 1294 

09-10 14.8 (12.7-17.4) 10.9 (8.60-13.3) 55.1 (40.4-77.5) 243 (214-295) 455 (327-600) 1399 

Females 03-04 10.6 (9.29-12.1) 7.60 (6.10-9.10) 33.2 (27.1-39.4) 144 (96.5-250) 380 (258-430) 1288 

05-06 16.2 (13.9-18.8) 12.6 (10.1-15.6) 58.7 (41.5-81.9) 226 (169-304) 513 (310-773) 1278 

07-08 15.5 (12.6-18.9) 12.0 (9.90-14.1) 52.1 (37.1-74.4) 210 (133-367) 504 (285-648) 1310 

09-10 14.2 (12.0-16.8) 10.5 (8.70-12.6) 50.0 (34.4-63.8) 235 (149-302) 488 (332-661) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 14.6 (10.6-20.1) 8.80 (5.40-17.5) 65.4 (32.8-127) 357 (225-456) 597 (372-992) 613 

05-06 26.7 (21.2-33.7) 18.7 (13.5-25.5) 196 (99.4-269) 668 (475-759) 866 (750-1180) 637 

07-08 17.1 (12.9-22.6) 11.8 (8.40-17.8) 67.4 (42.5-106) 358 (208-474) 556 (363-856) 531 

09-10 14.9 (12.2-18.3) 10.2 (8.20-12.8) 54.7 (33.3-86.5) 345 (260-494) 691 (443-1180) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 14.4 (11.4-18.2) 11.1 (8.70-16.1) 37.6 (30.2-58.0) 203 (87.5-341) 450 (254-750) 652 

05-06 17.3 (13.3-22.4) 14.0 (10.4-19.0) 59.2 (37.7-98.3) 258 (138-460) 541 (273-1190) 678 

07-08 13.7 (11.7-16.1) 11.3 (8.80-13.9) 41.4 (28.9-49.6) 150 (93.5-265) 480 (190-757) 597 

09-10 12.8 (10.8-15.0) 9.30 (7.70-11.7) 34.3 (24.0-44.6) 168 (88.4-263) 451 (202-959) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 12.9 (11.2-14.9) 9.20 (7.40-11.0) 49.2 (37.8-63.4) 245 (163-334) 461 (383-527) 1092 

05-06 17.5 (14.9-20.6) 15.1 (10.9-19.0) 74.3 (54.1-90.3) 288 (231-366) 569 (462-693) 1038 

07-08 15.0 (12.6-17.7) 12.3 (9.80-14.5) 59.6 (41.9-73.4) 197 (147-266) 408 (296-537) 1077 

09-10 14.0 (11.8-16.7) 10.5 (8.30-12.9) 51.7 (33.1-79.2) 216 (174-266) 431 (301-565) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 2.3, 2.3, 2.3, and 2.3 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Triclosan_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Triclosan_FactSheet.html

19 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Triclosan (2,4,4'-Trichloro-2'-hydroxyphenyl ether) (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 12.7 (11.5-14.1) 9.48 (8.22-10.4) 43.9 (33.8-60.6) 212 (172-241) 368 (294-463) 2514 

05-06 18.0 (16.0-20.3) 13.0 (11.5-16.1) 73.2 (57.3-91.6) 304 (240-364) 532 (434-674) 2548 

07-08 15.5 (13.7-17.5) 12.4 (10.6-14.2) 50.4 (40.2-59.8) 233 (171-300) 443 (330-559) 2604 

09-10 15.1 (13.2-17.4) 10.9 (9.41-12.4) 49.4 (37.0-67.3) 256 (191-322) 454 (352-557) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 9.93 (7.43-13.3) 7.55 (4.72-13.4) 25.1 (15.3-35.6) 116 (39.9-236) 236 (115-336) 314 

05-06 14.1 (10.8-18.5) 13.5 (7.97-18.5) 38.6 (26.0-54.1) 108 (62.4-169) 241 (108-598) 356 

07-08 14.5 (9.47-22.1) 13.0 (8.00-17.5) 33.1 (17.5-72.4) 132 (52.7-331) 331 (131-599) 389 

09-10 14.2 (12.4-16.4) 12.0 (8.84-15.0) 37.1 (27.0-47.3) 129 (89.1-155) 300 (148-469) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 10.9 (8.32-14.2) 7.45 (5.48-10.7) 31.8 (21.9-61.1) 193 (90.7-318) 356 (169-580) 713 

05-06 14.0 (11.0-17.8) 11.1 (8.68-13.6) 51.0 (33.0-73.4) 193 (125-306) 385 (203-739) 702 

07-08 14.1 (11.0-18.1) 11.0 (7.87-14.4) 50.2 (27.1-78.8) 206 (95.3-293) 378 (238-571) 401 

09-10 9.38 (7.86-11.2) 7.71 (5.71-9.21) 23.2 (17.3-29.3) 153 (63.0-201) 247 (166-379) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 13.4 (12.0-15.1) 10.0 (8.89-11.4) 50.0 (36.0-73.8) 224 (186-272) 385 (308-506) 1487 

05-06 19.3 (16.9-22.0) 13.7 (11.6-17.0) 86.1 (64.0-109) 343 (262-411) 581 (440-718) 1490 

07-08 15.8 (14.0-17.8) 12.6 (10.7-14.5) 52.3 (43.8-64.6) 244 (186-309) 484 (336-568) 1814 

09-10 16.4 (13.7-19.6) 11.5 (9.63-14.8) 57.1 (38.4-80.2) 279 (202-364) 504 (372-601) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 13.2 (11.3-15.6) 9.21 (6.86-12.1) 73.1 (45.8-85.9) 237 (175-294) 384 (294-506) 1228 

05-06 17.1 (14.1-20.7) 12.4 (10.0-18.5) 82.6 (58.2-109) 308 (232-368) 472 (355-721) 1270 

07-08 12.8 (10.9-15.0) 10.0 (8.12-13.0) 45.7 (32.1-57.3) 191 (132-241) 330 (253-456) 1294 

09-10 13.3 (11.3-15.7) 9.21 (7.40-11.7) 43.9 (33.5-67.4) 230 (178-276) 345 (276-429) 1399 

Females 03-04 12.2 (10.6-14.2) 9.54 (8.45-10.4) 32.3 (26.2-46.6) 182 (138-217) 336 (225-480) 1286 

05-06 19.0 (16.1-22.6) 13.8 (11.7-16.7) 64.0 (47.6-89.8) 301 (209-434) 619 (418-898) 1278 

07-08 18.5 (15.6-22.0) 14.4 (12.4-16.8) 55.3 (38.5-77.0) 300 (182-435) 571 (359-729) 1310 

09-10 17.1 (14.6-20.1) 12.3 (10.7-14.8) 50.6 (37.0-71.3) 300 (187-422) 556 (422-668) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 13.3 (9.38-18.8) 9.18 (5.45-13.9) 66.7 (28.8-112) 292 (151-432) 453 (263-1150) 612 

05-06 24.1 (19.3-29.9) 17.6 (13.3-22.8) 154 (96.4-242) 440 (379-601) 736 (601-818) 637 

07-08 16.6 (12.2-22.6) 12.6 (8.51-16.5) 60.1 (39.6-80.3) 325 (182-475) 637 (368-828) 531 

09-10 14.8 (12.1-18.2) 9.38 (7.63-12.4) 45.4 (32.2-110) 352 (244-458) 578 (402-737) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 9.94 (7.92-12.5) 7.74 (5.50-10.0) 30.2 (25.6-37.3) 132 (78.0-213) 260 (127-513) 651 

05-06 12.2 (9.47-15.6) 9.50 (7.64-11.8) 41.0 (23.3-77.4) 179 (106-243) 352 (203-674) 678 

07-08 10.6 (8.91-12.7) 8.34 (6.47-10.1) 28.6 (22.3-36.7) 120 (71.0-203) 266 (151-407) 597 

09-10 9.23 (7.62-11.2) 6.62 (5.63-8.18) 22.7 (16.9-29.1) 136 (63.6-240) 356 (180-689) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 13.3 (11.6-15.1) 9.82 (8.11-11.5) 47.0 (34.3-67.7) 213 (160-272) 358 (276-480) 1091 

05-06 18.4 (16.0-21.2) 13.5 (11.6-17.0) 73.4 (56.8-97.0) 282 (231-343) 472 (367-699) 1038 

07-08 15.6 (13.1-18.7) 13.0 (10.7-14.8) 50.4 (35.9-65.9) 222 (129-303) 418 (262-586) 1077 

09-10 15.8 (13.1-19.0) 11.4 (9.41-14.8) 52.0 (37.0-71.3) 242 (159-323) 410 (317-547) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Triclosan_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Triclosan_FactSheet.html

20 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary ortho-Phenylphenol 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * .100 (<LOD-.200) .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.700) .800 (.600-1.10) 2525 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.800) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.400) 2604 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.500-.600) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 .180 (.158-.206) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.300-.400) .600 (.500-.800) .800 (.500-1.30) 314 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) .500 (.300-1.10) 1.30 (.700-1.90) 356 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.500) .600 (.300-1.00) 389 

09-10 * < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .400 (.300-.700) .600 (.400-1.20) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 .175 (.149-.206) .200 (.100-.200) .400 (.300-.500) .600 (.500-.800) .900 (.700-1.30) 722 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.500) .600 (.500-.800) 702 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.600) 401 

09-10 * < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .400 (.300-.500) .600 (.500-.900) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 * .100 (<LOD-.100) .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.700) .800 (.600-1.10) 1489 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.100-.400) .500 (.400-.800) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) .300 (.200-.400) 1814 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.400-.500) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * .100 (<LOD-.200) .400 (.300-.400) .600 (.500-.700) .800 (.600-1.00) 1231 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.900) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) .300 (.200-.500) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.500-.700) 1399 

Females 03-04 * .100 (<LOD-.200) .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.700) .800 (.600-1.20) 1294 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.800) 1278 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) .300 (.200-.500) 1310 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.400-.500) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 .191 (.150-.245) .200 (.100-.300) .400 (.300-.600) .700 (.500-1.10) 1.10 (.600-1.60) 617 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .400 (.100-.900) .800 (.400-3.20) 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.300) .400 (.200-1.10) 531 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.400) .400 (.300-.900) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * .100 (<LOD-.200) .400 (.300-.400) .600 (.500-.800) 1.00 (.600-1.40) 636 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .400 (.300-.500) .500 (.400-.700) 678 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .400 (.200-.600) 597 

09-10 * < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .400 (.300-.600) .700 (.500-.800) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * .100 (<LOD-.100) .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.700) .800 (.600-1.00) 1077 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.100-.400) .500 (.300-1.10) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) .300 (.200-.500) 1077 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.400-.600) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, and 0.2 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Orthophenylphenol_BiomonitoringSummary.html

21 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary ortho-Phenylphenol (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * .150 (<LOD-.170) .320 (.270-.380) .670 (.500-.800) .950 (.750-1.31) 2522 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .370 (.310-.410) .600 (.470-.750) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .290 (.250-.330) .470 (.400-.520) 2604 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .560 (.480-.640) .820 (.700-.910) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 .219 (.189-.255) .230 (.170-.280) .400 (.330-.540) .760 (.530-.860) .880 (.760-1.90) 314 

05-06 * < LOD .180 (<LOD-.240) .590 (.430-.930) 1.94 (.710-2.94) 356 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .390 (.240-.660) .660 (.390-1.31) 389 

09-10 * < LOD .410 (<LOD-.480) .820 (.560-1.06) 1.22 (.850-1.56) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 .131 (.110-.156) .140 (.100-.160) .270 (.230-.340) .490 (.400-.690) .790 (.550-1.30) 720 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .280 (.220-.320) .410 (.330-.710) 702 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .190 (.170-.250) .330 (.240-.470) 401 

09-10 * < LOD .250 (<LOD-.300) .420 (.300-.550) .550 (.390-1.20) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 * .140 (<LOD-.170) .320 (.260-.370) .670 (.500-.800) 1.00 (.740-1.38) 1488 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .370 (.300-.410) .540 (.430-.710) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.330) .470 (.390-.520) 1814 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .560 (.480-.640) .820 (.700-.880) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * .130 (<LOD-.150) .290 (.240-.340) .570 (.430-.740) .880 (.720-1.06) 1230 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .280 (.200-.350) .470 (.350-.670) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .220 (<LOD-.250) .350 (.300-.440) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .440 (.360-.540) .670 (.510-.850) 1399 

Females 03-04 * .170 (<LOD-.200) .350 (.280-.440) .700 (.500-.940) 1.07 (.730-1.57) 1292 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .430 (.370-.500) .700 (.500-1.03) 1278 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .350 (<LOD-.440) .500 (.440-.580) 1310 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .640 (.570-.700) .930 (.780-1.17) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 .174 (.132-.229) .170 (.120-.240) .440 (.280-.590) .770 (.560-1.09) 1.11 (.770-1.72) 616 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .370 (.210-.670) .740 (.390-1.71) 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .250 (<LOD-.290) .430 (.320-.910) 531 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .420 (.370-.560) .680 (.560-.880) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * .110 (<LOD-.130) .250 (.200-.310) .530 (.380-.650) .770 (.600-1.02) 635 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .290 (.220-.370) .440 (.380-.540) 678 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .210 (<LOD-.250) .330 (.250-.640) 597 

09-10 * < LOD .220 (<LOD-.240) .370 (.310-.450) .570 (.440-.860) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * .150 (<LOD-.180) .330 (.260-.390) .690 (.470-.830) 1.00 (.740-1.38) 1076 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .390 (.320-.430) .610 (.470-.880) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.370) .470 (.390-.580) 1077 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .610 (.520-.700) .870 (.700-.940) 1206 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Orthophenylphenol_BiomonitoringSummary.html

22 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Ethylene thiourea 

Metabolite of Several Dithiocarbamate Fungicides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .310 (<LOD-.560) 2169 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .600 (<LOD-1.08) 1.34 (.900-1.75) 2585 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 280 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .830 (<LOD-1.53) 1.55 (.960-3.11) 342 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .600 (<LOD-.920) 622 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .580 (<LOD-1.11) 1.34 (.660-2.23) 698 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1267 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .590 (<LOD-1.09) 1.32 (.880-1.66) 1545 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .360 (<LOD-.530) 1056 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .940 (.530-1.19) 1.51 (1.08-2.09) 1219 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1113 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .370 (<LOD-.890) .950 (.500-1.58) 1366 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 495 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .440 (<LOD-.960) 1.12 (.650-1.76) 686 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .480 (<LOD-1.06) 607 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 1.37 (.790-2.05) 2.22 (1.37-3.77) 695 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .330 (<LOD-.560) 925 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .570 (<LOD-1.02) 1.18 (.940-1.42) 998 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.1 and 0.24 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

23 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Ethylene thiourea (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Several Dithiocarbamate Fungicides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .434 (<LOD-.538) 2167 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .792 (<LOD-1.06) 1.32 (1.06-1.58) 2585 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 280 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 1.04 (<LOD-1.36) 2.36 (1.16-3.12) 342 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .423 (<LOD-.700) 621 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .582 (<LOD-.893) .967 (.680-1.58) 698 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1266 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .792 (<LOD-1.06) 1.32 (1.06-1.49) 1545 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .350 (<LOD-.467) 1055 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .783 (.634-1.04) 1.28 (1.05-1.45) 1219 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1112 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .827 (<LOD-1.21) 1.33 (1.00-2.01) 1366 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 494 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .748 (<LOD-1.17) 1.33 (.837-1.89) 686 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .368 (<LOD-.619) 607 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 1.02 (.649-1.74) 1.84 (1.04-2.50) 695 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .434 (<LOD-.583) 924 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .773 (<LOD-1.04) 1.25 (.968-1.48) 998 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

24 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Pentachlorophenol 

Also a Metabolite of Several Organochlorine Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD 1.12 (.570-1.58) 2.57 (2.08-2.99) 3.63 (2.98-4.61) 2354 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD 1.57 (.970-2.25) 3.23 (2.12-5.67) 5.67 (2.94-6.38) 290 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD 1.36 (.760-1.99) 2.88 (2.08-3.53) 3.80 (3.06-6.38) 674 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD 1.00 (<LOD-1.47) 2.41 (1.92-2.84) 3.40 (2.95-3.81) 1390 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD 1.32 (.720-2.05) 2.79 (2.46-3.40) 4.58 (3.50-5.49) 1147 

Females 03-04 * < LOD .880 (<LOD-1.41) 2.12 (1.71-2.74) 3.20 (2.44-3.84) 1207 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD 1.73 (.640-3.38) 2.44 (1.73-3.84) 550 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD 1.46 (1.11-1.93) 2.79 (2.22-3.65) 4.06 (3.20-4.77) 610 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD 1.17 (.580-1.74) 2.66 (2.06-3.23) 3.69 (2.99-5.17) 1039 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey year 03-04 is 0.5. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Pentachlorophenol_BiomonitoringSummary.html

25 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Pentachlorophenol (creatinine corrected) 

Also a Metabolite of Several Organochlorine Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD 1.22 (1.01-1.52) 2.30 (1.84-2.77) 3.44 (2.69-3.96) 2352 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD 1.75 (1.38-2.69) 3.72 (2.50-4.96) 4.96 (3.59-10.6) 290 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD 1.11 (.800-1.28) 1.67 (1.31-2.65) 2.76 (1.64-3.89) 673 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD 1.19 (<LOD-1.50) 2.19 (1.86-2.64) 3.24 (2.54-3.96) 1389 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD 1.10 (.825-1.38) 1.93 (1.62-2.65) 3.23 (2.06-4.94) 1146 

Females 03-04 * < LOD 1.37 (<LOD-1.74) 2.50 (2.13-2.98) 3.50 (2.79-4.07) 1206 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD 1.54 (1.01-2.69) 2.33 (1.40-4.62) 549 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD .919 (.679-1.25) 1.88 (1.42-2.77) 2.94 (2.21-3.76) 610 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD 1.35 (1.08-1.64) 2.42 (1.94-3.18) 3.54 (2.77-4.78) 1038 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Pentachlorophenol_BiomonitoringSummary.html

26 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Propylene thiourea 

Metabolite of Propineb 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2456 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2628 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 305 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 349 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 702 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1449 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1561 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1209 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1246 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1382 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 598 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 693 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 637 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1062 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1006 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.1 and 0.37 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

27 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Propylene thiourea (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Propineb 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2454 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2628 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 305 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 349 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 701 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1448 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1561 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1208 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1246 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1246 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1382 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 597 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 693 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 637 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1061 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1006 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

28 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1977 

01-02 * < LOD .230 (<LOD-.320) .690 (.560-.910) 1.27 (1.02-1.37) 2413 

03-04 .245 (.210-.285) .240 (.180-.320) .580 (.490-.670) .990 (.890-1.31) 1.63 (1.31-2.37) 1960 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.30 (<LOD-2.40) 477 

01-02 * < LOD .310 (.210-.400) .740 (.550-1.13) 1.55 (1.00-2.21) 546 

03-04 .266 (.214-.332) .290 (.200-.390) .670 (.440-.920) 1.03 (.890-1.40) 1.88 (1.01-2.54) 309 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.10 (<LOD-1.60) 677 

01-02 * < LOD .250 (<LOD-.420) .690 (.440-1.16) 1.24 (.690-1.66) 797 

03-04 .256 (.212-.310) .260 (.180-.380) .580 (.470-.710) 1.04 (.890-1.31) 1.66 (1.20-2.97) 714 

20-59 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 823 

01-02 * < LOD .210 (<LOD-.310) .690 (.540-.910) 1.27 (.930-1.49) 1070 

03-04 .239 (.205-.279) .220 (.170-.300) .570 (.480-.640) .980 (.840-1.35) 1.55 (1.25-2.50) 937 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.10 (<LOD-1.80) 962 

01-02 * < LOD .330 (.230-.490) .930 (.680-1.22) 1.51 (1.27-2.08) 1135 

03-04 .277 (.240-.319) .290 (.210-.380) .620 (.540-.740) 1.16 (.910-1.40) 1.98 (1.41-2.54) 943 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1015 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .490 (.370-.660) .890 (.670-1.22) 1278 

03-04 .217 (.180-.261) .190 (.120-.280) .480 (.400-.640) .960 (.800-1.22) 1.44 (1.10-2.29) 1017 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

01-02 * < LOD .260 (<LOD-.350) .730 (.610-.910) 1.20 (.960-1.43) 659 

03-04 .320 (.263-.389) .350 (.260-.450) .730 (.610-.840) 1.42 (1.01-1.52) 1.78 (1.22-4.47) 495 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.70) 520 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .610 (.420-.890) 1.07 (.810-1.48) 668 

03-04 * .190 (<LOD-.280) .480 (.370-.600) .890 (.740-1.10) 1.25 (.910-2.21) 579 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 589 

01-02 * < LOD .250 (<LOD-.410) .760 (.560-1.10) 1.32 (1.05-2.03) 892 

03-04 .252 (.209-.304) .240 (.170-.370) .590 (.470-.720) 1.10 (.860-1.47) 1.68 (1.26-2.73) 755 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, and 03-04 are 0.89, 0.2, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/2,4-DichlorophenoxyaceticAcid_BiomonitoringSummary.html

29 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1977 

01-02 * < LOD .378 (<LOD-.414) .667 (.609-.778) 1.08 (.926-1.26) 2412 

03-04 .230 (.193-.274) .243 (.198-.279) .469 (.414-.557) .962 (.797-1.20) 1.58 (1.24-2.34) 1958 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.32 (<LOD-2.24) 477 

01-02 * < LOD .485 (.378-.679) 1.13 (.825-1.35) 1.41 (1.27-1.73) 546 

03-04 .323 (.249-.421) .320 (.250-.440) .744 (.500-1.06) 1.30 (.990-2.55) 2.55 (1.23-5.16) 309 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .593 (<LOD-1.05) 677 

01-02 * < LOD .275 (<LOD-.376) .483 (.328-.662) .662 (.517-.918) 796 

03-04 .193 (.160-.232) .205 (.157-.250) .419 (.328-.460) .709 (.540-.925) 1.23 (.837-2.35) 713 

20-59 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 823 

01-02 * < LOD .378 (<LOD-.412) .667 (.593-.778) 1.08 (.806-1.29) 1070 

03-04 .227 (.188-.274) .242 (.196-.278) .452 (.397-.545) .923 (.708-1.20) 1.48 (1.14-2.43) 936 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .667 (<LOD-1.16) 962 

01-02 * < LOD .336 (.268-.412) .640 (.564-.789) 1.14 (.893-1.39) 1135 

03-04 .222 (.183-.268) .234 (.193-.273) .442 (.392-.531) .913 (.718-1.11) 1.48 (.969-2.79) 942 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1015 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .700 (.609-.778) 1.08 (.809-1.26) 1277 

03-04 .239 (.199-.287) .254 (.200-.297) .489 (.412-.615) 1.00 (.737-1.26) 1.64 (1.23-2.43) 1016 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

01-02 * < LOD .350 (<LOD-.386) .720 (.562-.853) 1.13 (.778-1.56) 659 

03-04 .287 (.223-.369) .318 (.194-.461) .582 (.460-.762) 1.07 (.771-1.36) 1.48 (1.08-3.19) 494 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .593 (<LOD-1.19) 520 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .438 (.337-.568) .778 (.552-.975) 667 

03-04 * .130 (<LOD-.169) .294 (.250-.331) .531 (.423-.692) .938 (.612-1.34) 579 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 589 

01-02 * < LOD .412 (<LOD-.467) .737 (.616-.894) 1.17 (.988-1.40) 892 

03-04 .250 (.201-.311) .259 (.212-.304) .500 (.415-.631) 1.03 (.842-1.34) 1.90 (1.30-2.55) 754 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/2,4-DichlorophenoxyaceticAcid_BiomonitoringSummary.html

30 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1814 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2538 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .150 (<LOD-.210) 1912 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 430 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 580 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .110 (<LOD-.160) 303 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 831 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .140 (<LOD-.190) 701 

20-59 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 766 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1127 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .160 (<LOD-.250) 908 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 891 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1192 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .140 (<LOD-.220) 920 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 923 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1346 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .150 (<LOD-.210) 992 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 652 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 679 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .120 (<LOD-.340) .200 (<LOD-.390) 494 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 483 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 701 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 572 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 531 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 957 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .160 (<LOD-.230) 716 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, and 03-04 are 1.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/2,4,5-TrichlorophenoxyaceticAcid_BiomonitoringSummary.html

31 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1814 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2537 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .333 (<LOD-.412) 1910 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 430 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 580 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .318 (<LOD-.368) 303 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 830 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .226 (<LOD-.269) 700 

20-59 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 766 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1127 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .350 (<LOD-.438) 907 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 891 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1192 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .250 (<LOD-.350) 919 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 923 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1345 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .368 (<LOD-.500) 991 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 652 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 679 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .193 (<LOD-.333) .318 (<LOD-.467) 493 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 483 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 700 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 572 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 531 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 957 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .350 (<LOD-.436) 715 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/2,4,5-TrichlorophenoxyaceticAcid_BiomonitoringSummary.html

32 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Bensulfuron-methyl 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2355 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2634 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2494 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 286 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 350 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 374 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 671 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 381 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1398 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1566 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1739 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1150 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1240 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1205 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1254 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 567 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 477 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 617 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 558 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1018 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1053 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.05, 0.05, and 0.05 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

33 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Bensulfuron-methyl (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2353 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2634 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2492 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 286 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 350 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 374 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 670 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 379 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1397 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1566 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1739 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1149 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1239 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1204 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1253 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 566 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 476 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 617 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 557 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1017 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1053 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

34 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Chlorsulfuron 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2100 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2419 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2566 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 259 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 314 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 380 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 601 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 653 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 386 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1240 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1452 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1800 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1031 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1151 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1285 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1069 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1268 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1281 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 506 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 633 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 491 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 568 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 658 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 570 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 894 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 940 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1081 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.06, 0.06, and 0.06 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

35 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Chlorsulfuron (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2098 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2419 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2564 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 259 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 314 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 380 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 600 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 653 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 384 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1239 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1452 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1800 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1030 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1151 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1068 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1268 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1280 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 505 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 633 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 490 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 568 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 658 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 569 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 893 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 940 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1081 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

36 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Ethametsulfuron-methyl 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2321 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2634 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2458 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 294 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 350 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 366 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 671 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 381 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1356 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1566 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1711 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1132 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1218 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1189 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1240 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 590 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 468 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 608 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 534 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 974 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1052 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey year 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively.

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

37 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Ethametsulfuron-methyl (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2319 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2634 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2456 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 294 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 350 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 366 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 670 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 379 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1355 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1566 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1711 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1131 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1217 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1188 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1239 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 589 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 467 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 608 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 533 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 973 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1052 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

38 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Foramsulfuron 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2255 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2534 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2423 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 283 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 334 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 364 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 653 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 688 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 364 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1319 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1512 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1695 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1097 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1203 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1205 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1158 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1331 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1218 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 587 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 632 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 487 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 584 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 711 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 523 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 935 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 990 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1004 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.05, 0.05, and 0.05 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

39 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Foramsulfuron (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2253 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2534 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2421 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 283 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 334 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 364 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 652 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 688 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 362 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1318 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1512 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1695 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1096 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1203 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1204 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1157 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1331 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1217 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 586 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 632 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 486 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 584 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 711 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 522 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 934 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 990 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1004 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

40 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Halosulfuron 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2356 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2485 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2530 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 291 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 331 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 377 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 672 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 679 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 385 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1393 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1475 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1768 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1148 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1184 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1261 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1208 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1301 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1269 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 592 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 650 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 485 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 609 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 694 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 565 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1005 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 950 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1068 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

41 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Halosulfuron (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2354 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2485 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2528 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 291 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 331 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 377 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 671 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 679 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 383 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1392 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1475 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1768 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1147 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1184 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1260 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1207 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1301 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1268 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 591 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 650 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 484 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 609 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 694 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 564 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1004 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 950 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1068 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

42 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mesosulfuron-methyl 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2427 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2634 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2494 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 302 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 350 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 372 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 694 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 371 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1431 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1566 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1751 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1189 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1245 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1238 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1249 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 596 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 465 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 634 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 554 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1039 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1059 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.06, 0.06, and 0.06 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

43 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mesosulfuron-methyl (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2425 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2634 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2492 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 302 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 350 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 372 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 693 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 369 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1430 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1566 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1751 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1188 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1244 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1237 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1248 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 595 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 464 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 634 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 553 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1038 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1059 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

44 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Metsulfuron-methyl 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2360 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2634 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2494 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 297 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 350 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 373 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 675 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 374 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1388 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1566 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1747 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1152 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1246 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1208 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1248 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 595 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 470 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 596 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 538 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1013 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1066 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.05, 0.05, and 0.05 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

45 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Metsulfuron-methyl (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2358 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2634 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2492 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 297 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 350 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 373 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 674 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 372 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1566 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1747 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1151 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1245 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1207 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 594 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 469 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 596 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 537 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1012 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1066 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

46 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Nicosulfuron 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2322 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2570 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2422 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 296 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 341 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 363 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 666 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 699 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 364 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1360 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1530 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1695 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1131 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1222 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1210 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1191 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1348 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1212 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 589 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 656 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 486 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 601 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 719 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 524 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 980 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 993 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

47 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Nicosulfuron (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2320 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2570 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2420 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 296 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 341 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 363 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 665 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 699 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 362 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1359 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1530 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1695 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1130 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1222 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1209 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1190 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1348 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1211 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 588 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 656 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 485 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 601 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 719 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 523 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 979 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 993 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

48 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Oxasulfuron 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2355 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2634 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2540 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 290 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 350 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 379 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 672 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 381 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1393 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1566 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1780 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1150 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1269 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1205 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1271 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 579 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 487 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 616 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 567 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1018 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1076 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.06, 0.06, and 0.06 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

49 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Oxasulfuron (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2353 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2634 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2538 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 290 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 350 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 379 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 671 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 379 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1392 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1566 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1780 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1149 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1268 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1204 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1270 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 578 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 486 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 616 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 566 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1017 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1076 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

50 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Primisulfuron-methyl 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2250 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2455 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2422 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 285 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 327 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 356 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 627 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 665 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 376 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1338 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1463 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1690 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1107 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1160 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1207 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1143 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1295 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1215 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 574 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 667 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 456 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 556 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 661 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 549 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 975 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 938 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1030 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.07, 0.07, and 0.07 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

51 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Primisulfuron-methyl (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2249 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2455 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2420 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 285 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 327 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 356 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 626 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 665 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 374 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1338 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1463 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1690 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1107 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1160 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1206 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1142 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1295 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1214 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 573 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 667 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 455 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 556 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 661 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 548 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 975 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 938 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1030 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

52 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Prosulfuron 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2247 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2461 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2566 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 326 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 380 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 640 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 676 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 386 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1323 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1459 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1800 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1100 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1165 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1285 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1147 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1296 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1281 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 589 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 673 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 491 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 565 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 677 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 570 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 940 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 924 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1081 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.05, 0.05, and 0.05 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

53 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Prosulfuron (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2245 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2461 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2564 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 326 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 380 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 639 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 676 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 384 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1322 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1459 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1800 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1099 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1165 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1146 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1296 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1280 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 588 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 673 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 490 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 565 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 677 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 569 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 939 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 924 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1081 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

54 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Rimsulfuron 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2593 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2530 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 279 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 346 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 376 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 654 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 706 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 383 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1351 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1541 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1771 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1110 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1224 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1271 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1174 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1369 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1259 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 561 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 675 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 463 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 592 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 715 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 568 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 985 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 998 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1080 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.05, 0.05, and 0.05 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

55 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Rimsulfuron (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2282 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2593 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2528 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 279 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 346 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 376 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 653 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 706 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 381 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1350 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1541 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1771 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1109 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1224 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1270 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1173 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1369 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1258 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 560 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 675 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 462 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 592 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 715 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 567 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 984 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 998 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1080 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

56 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Sulfometuron-methyl 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2067 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2598 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2458 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 252 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 345 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 352 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 587 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 710 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 373 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1228 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1543 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1733 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1233 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1226 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1060 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1365 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1232 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 441 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 454 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 569 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 698 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 557 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 916 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 996 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1045 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.05, 0.05, and 0.05 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

57 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Sulfometuron-methyl (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2065 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2598 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2456 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 252 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 345 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 352 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 586 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 710 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 371 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1227 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1543 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1733 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1006 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1233 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1225 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1059 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1365 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1231 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 440 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 453 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 569 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 698 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 556 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 915 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 996 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1045 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

58 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Sulfosulfuron 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2391 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2593 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2530 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 294 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 344 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 377 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 681 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 708 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 385 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1416 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1541 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1768 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1170 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1230 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1261 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1221 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1363 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1269 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 594 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 673 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 485 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 617 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 719 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 565 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1026 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 997 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1068 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

59 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Sulfosulfuron (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2389 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2593 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2528 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 294 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 344 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 377 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 680 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 708 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 383 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1415 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1541 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1768 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1169 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1230 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1260 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1220 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1363 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1268 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 593 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 673 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 484 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 617 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 719 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 564 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1025 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 997 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1068 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

60 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Thifensulfuron-methyl 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2355 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2634 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2495 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 291 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 350 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 370 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 677 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 375 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1566 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1750 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1145 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1252 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1210 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1243 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 566 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 479 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 616 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 542 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1022 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1056 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.08, 0.08, and 0.08 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

61 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Thifensulfuron-methyl (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2353 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2634 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2493 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 291 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 350 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 370 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 676 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 373 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1386 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1566 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1750 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1144 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1251 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1209 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1387 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1242 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 565 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 478 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 616 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 720 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 541 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1021 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1056 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

62 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Triasulfuron 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2250 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2557 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2530 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 278 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 341 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 378 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 643 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 385 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1329 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1521 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1767 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1101 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1210 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1265 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1149 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1347 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1265 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 549 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 677 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 488 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 580 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 713 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 547 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 973 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 968 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1073 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.07, 0.07, and 0.07 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

63 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Triasulfuron (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2248 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2557 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2528 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 278 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 341 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 378 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 642 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 383 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1328 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1521 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1767 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1100 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1210 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1264 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1148 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1347 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1264 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 548 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 677 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 487 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 580 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 713 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 546 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 972 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 968 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1073 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

64 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Triflusulfuron-methyl 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2427 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2562 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2494 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 302 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 340 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 374 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 694 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 702 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 381 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1431 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1520 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1739 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1189 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1216 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1240 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1238 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1346 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1254 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 596 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 693 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 477 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 634 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 699 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 558 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1039 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 972 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1053 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.05, 0.05, and 0.05 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

65 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Triflusulfuron-methyl (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2425 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2562 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2492 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 302 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 340 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 374 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 693 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 702 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 379 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1430 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1520 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1739 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1188 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1216 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1239 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1237 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1346 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1253 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 595 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 693 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 476 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 634 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 699 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 557 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1038 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 972 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1053 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/SulfonylureaHerbicides_BiomonitoringSummary.html

66 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Carbofuranphenol 

Metabolite of Benfuracarb, Carbofuran, Carbosulfan, and Furathiocarb 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .770 (<LOD-1.30) 1994 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2530 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1879 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .450 (<LOD-2.20) 482 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 578 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 293 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .570 (<LOD-1.20) 681 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 827 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 684 

20-59 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .840 (<LOD-1.50) 831 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1125 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 902 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .740 (<LOD-1.50) 973 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1190 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 900 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .840 (<LOD-1.50) 1021 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1340 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 979 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD .590 (<LOD-2.00) 1.90 (<LOD-5.10) 696 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 680 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 464 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .550 (<LOD-1.60) 521 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 696 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .740 (<LOD-1.50) 603 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 953 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 741 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, and 03-04 are 0.4, 0.4, and 0.4 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Carbofuran_BiomonitoringSummary.html

67 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Carbofuranphenol (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Benfuracarb, Carbofuran, Carbosulfan, and Furathiocarb 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .778 (<LOD-1.00) 1994 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2529 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1877 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .988 (<LOD-2.80) 482 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 578 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 293 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .482 (<LOD-.853) 681 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 826 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 683 

20-59 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .875 (<LOD-1.06) 831 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1125 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 901 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .667 (<LOD-1.08) 973 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1190 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 899 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .881 (<LOD-1.13) 1021 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1339 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 978 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD .778 (<LOD-1.94) 1.83 (<LOD-4.16) 696 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 680 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 463 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .700 (<LOD-1.08) 521 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .737 (<LOD-.929) 603 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 953 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 740 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Carbofuran_BiomonitoringSummary.html

68 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2-Isopropoxyphenol 

Metabolite of Propoxur 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1917 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2503 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1881 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 456 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 574 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 295 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 655 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 820 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 686 

20-59 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 806 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1109 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 900 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 936 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1178 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 899 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 981 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1325 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 982 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 664 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 677 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 484 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 500 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 696 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 535 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 585 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 931 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 736 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, and 03-04 are 1.1, 0.4, and 0.4 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Propoxur_BiomonitoringSummary.html

69 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2-Isopropoxyphenol (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Propoxur 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1917 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2502 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1879 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 456 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 574 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 295 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 655 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 819 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 685 

20-59 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 806 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1109 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 899 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 936 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1178 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 898 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 981 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1324 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 981 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 664 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 677 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 483 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 500 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 535 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 585 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 931 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 735 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Propoxur_BiomonitoringSummary.html

70 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 

Metabolite of Several Organochlorine Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD .100 (.100-.100) .200 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.400) 2525 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.500) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.300) 2604 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.300) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.500) 314 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.400) .400 (.300-.500) 356 

07-08 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) .200 (.100-.300) .300 (.200-.500) 389 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.500) 722 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.500) 702 

07-08 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) .200 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.500) 401 

09-10 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.500) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD .100 (.100-.100) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.500) 1489 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.500) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.400) 1814 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.300) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD .100 (.100-.100) .200 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.400) 1231 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.500) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.300) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.300) 1399 

Females 03-04 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.400) 1294 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.300-.500) 1278 

07-08 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.400) 1310 

09-10 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.300) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.400) 617 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.500) 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) 531 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) .200 (.100-.300) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD .200 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.500) .400 (.300-.700) 636 

05-06 * < LOD .200 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.300-.500) 678 

07-08 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.500) 597 

09-10 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.300) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD .100 (.100-.100) .200 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.400) 1077 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.600) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.400) 1077 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.300) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Trichlorophenols_BiomonitoringSummary.html

71 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Several Organochlorine Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD .170 (.160-.180) .280 (.260-.310) .370 (.330-.420) 2522 

05-06 * < LOD .160 (.150-.180) .290 (.260-.320) .410 (.360-.450) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD .150 (<LOD-.160) .280 (.230-.320) .390 (.330-.470) 2604 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .260 (.240-.280) .350 (.320-.390) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD .180 (.150-.230) .290 (.250-.320) .370 (.310-.540) 314 

05-06 * < LOD .180 (.140-.200) .310 (.210-.450) .450 (.320-.610) 356 

07-08 * < LOD .180 (<LOD-.190) .270 (.210-.390) .430 (.270-.580) 389 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .320 (.240-.350) .390 (.320-.470) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD .120 (.100-.140) .200 (.170-.220) .240 (.220-.280) 720 

05-06 * < LOD .120 (.110-.130) .210 (.180-.240) .290 (.240-.330) 702 

07-08 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.120) .170 (.150-.210) .250 (.170-.310) 401 

09-10 * < LOD .110 (<LOD-.130) .190 (.150-.250) .280 (.190-.380) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD .180 (.160-.180) .290 (.270-.320) .390 (.350-.470) 1488 

05-06 * < LOD .170 (.150-.190) .300 (.260-.330) .410 (.370-.470) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD .150 (<LOD-.180) .290 (.230-.350) .410 (.340-.500) 1814 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .270 (.240-.280) .350 (.320-.410) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD .130 (.110-.150) .230 (.190-.260) .320 (.270-.350) 1230 

05-06 * < LOD .130 (.120-.140) .220 (.190-.240) .310 (.260-.360) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD .110 (<LOD-.120) .190 (.180-.230) .300 (.230-.340) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .210 (.190-.230) .280 (.240-.330) 1399 

Females 03-04 * < LOD .200 (.180-.210) .320 (.290-.350) .440 (.350-.510) 1292 

05-06 * < LOD .210 (.180-.230) .350 (.300-.410) .470 (.410-.550) 1278 

07-08 * < LOD .190 (<LOD-.230) .330 (.280-.410) .470 (.370-.580) 1310 

09-10 * < LOD .180 (<LOD-.190) .300 (.280-.330) .420 (.330-.470) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD .140 (<LOD-.150) .240 (.200-.280) .330 (.280-.460) 616 

05-06 * < LOD .140 (<LOD-.160) .240 (.190-.320) .350 (.290-.380) 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .210 (.180-.250) .270 (.240-.320) 531 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .190 (<LOD-.230) .290 (.220-.330) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD .120 (.100-.150) .230 (.170-.290) .310 (.230-.390) 635 

05-06 * < LOD .110 (.100-.140) .210 (.170-.260) .320 (.260-.360) 678 

07-08 * < LOD .120 (.100-.140) .200 (.170-.250) .290 (.230-.420) 597 

09-10 * < LOD .090 (<LOD-.110) .160 (.130-.200) .220 (.160-.380) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD .180 (.160-.190) .290 (.260-.320) .370 (.340-.440) 1076 

05-06 * < LOD .180 (.160-.190) .300 (.270-.350) .410 (.360-.500) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD .160 (<LOD-.190) .300 (.250-.360) .440 (.330-.510) 1077 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .280 (.250-.320) .370 (.330-.410) 1206 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Trichlorophenols_BiomonitoringSummary.html

72 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 

Metabolite of Several Organochlorine Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD .500 (<LOD-.600) 1.00 (.800-1.20) 1.40 (1.20-1.80) 2525 

05-06 * < LOD .600 (<LOD-.700) 1.00 (.800-1.20) 1.40 (1.20-1.80) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .800 (.700-.900) 1.20 (1.00-1.30) 2604 

09-10 * < LOD .500 (<LOD-.600) .800 (.700-.900) 1.10 (1.00-1.40) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD .600 (.500-.700) 1.10 (.800-1.40) 1.90 (1.10-3.10) 314 

05-06 * < LOD .700 (.600-.900) 1.30 (1.00-2.30) 2.70 (1.30-5.40) 356 

07-08 * < LOD .600 (<LOD-.700) 1.10 (.900-1.40) 1.60 (1.30-2.10) 389 

09-10 * < LOD .500 (<LOD-.600) .900 (.700-1.20) 1.30 (.900-2.20) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD .600 (.500-.800) 1.20 (.900-1.70) 1.80 (1.50-2.10) 722 

05-06 * < LOD .600 (<LOD-.800) 1.00 (.800-1.30) 1.30 (1.20-1.70) 702 

07-08 * < LOD .600 (<LOD-.700) .800 (.700-1.10) 1.10 (.800-1.70) 401 

09-10 * < LOD .600 (<LOD-.700) .900 (.700-1.30) 1.30 (.900-1.90) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD .500 (<LOD-.600) 1.00 (.800-1.10) 1.30 (1.10-1.70) 1489 

05-06 * < LOD .600 (<LOD-.700) 1.00 (.800-1.20) 1.30 (1.20-1.80) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .800 (.700-.900) 1.10 (.900-1.30) 1814 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .800 (.700-.900) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD .600 (<LOD-.600) 1.00 (.800-1.10) 1.30 (1.10-1.80) 1231 

05-06 * < LOD .600 (<LOD-.800) 1.10 (.900-1.30) 1.60 (1.20-2.00) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD .500 (<LOD-.600) .900 (.700-1.00) 1.20 (1.10-1.40) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .800 (.700-.900) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1399 

Females 03-04 * < LOD .500 (<LOD-.600) 1.10 (.900-1.20) 1.40 (1.10-2.00) 1294 

05-06 * < LOD .500 (<LOD-.600) .900 (.800-1.20) 1.30 (1.10-1.70) 1278 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .800 (.700-.900) 1.10 (.900-1.40) 1310 

09-10 * < LOD .500 (<LOD-.600) .800 (.700-1.00) 1.10 (.900-1.60) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD .700 (.600-.800) 1.20 (1.10-1.60) 1.80 (1.30-2.00) 617 

05-06 * < LOD .600 (.500-.700) 1.00 (.800-1.20) 1.30 (1.20-1.70) 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .700 (.700-.900) 1.00 (.900-1.20) 531 

09-10 * < LOD .500 (<LOD-.600) .900 (.700-1.10) 1.10 (.900-1.30) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD .900 (.700-1.00) 1.40 (1.10-1.90) 2.00 (1.50-2.70) 636 

05-06 * < LOD .800 (.700-1.10) 1.50 (1.20-1.90) 2.20 (1.60-3.30) 678 

07-08 * < LOD .600 (.500-.600) 1.00 (.900-1.10) 1.30 (1.10-1.60) 597 

09-10 * < LOD .700 (.600-.800) 1.10 (.900-1.30) 1.50 (1.20-2.00) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD .800 (.700-1.00) 1.20 (1.00-1.50) 1077 

05-06 * < LOD .500 (<LOD-.700) .900 (.700-1.30) 1.30 (1.10-1.80) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .800 (.700-.900) 1.20 (1.00-1.40) 1077 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .700 (.600-.900) 1.00 (.800-1.30) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, and 0.5 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Trichlorophenols_BiomonitoringSummary.html

73 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Several Organochlorine Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD .710 (<LOD-.780) 1.25 (1.17-1.35) 1.75 (1.59-2.06) 2522 

05-06 * < LOD .720 (<LOD-.760) 1.27 (1.17-1.38) 1.75 (1.59-1.94) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.25 (1.06-1.42) 1.75 (1.52-2.19) 2604 

09-10 * < LOD .710 (<LOD-.760) 1.21 (1.13-1.35) 1.67 (1.55-1.84) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD .920 (.850-1.13) 1.59 (1.22-1.91) 2.11 (1.46-4.55) 314 

05-06 * < LOD .880 (.740-1.06) 1.59 (1.21-2.06) 2.50 (1.61-5.20) 356 

07-08 * < LOD .900 (<LOD-.930) 1.46 (1.14-1.67) 2.33 (1.52-2.92) 389 

09-10 * < LOD .850 (<LOD-1.03) 1.59 (1.17-1.74) 1.85 (1.67-2.33) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD .580 (.510-.660) .970 (.830-1.10) 1.21 (1.09-1.49) 720 

05-06 * < LOD .550 (<LOD-.630) .970 (.690-1.17) 1.40 (1.08-1.59) 702 

07-08 * < LOD .550 (<LOD-.610) .830 (.730-1.03) 1.30 (.930-1.48) 401 

09-10 * < LOD .590 (<LOD-.700) .970 (.690-1.23) 1.23 (.920-1.66) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD .710 (<LOD-.770) 1.25 (1.17-1.35) 1.75 (1.59-2.00) 1488 

05-06 * < LOD .730 (<LOD-.780) 1.30 (1.17-1.40) 1.75 (1.57-2.06) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.30 (1.06-1.46) 1.84 (1.52-2.33) 1814 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD 1.21 (1.13-1.35) 1.67 (1.52-1.94) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD .560 (<LOD-.600) .920 (.820-1.10) 1.30 (1.17-1.46) 1230 

05-06 * < LOD .600 (<LOD-.650) 1.00 (.850-1.13) 1.43 (1.25-1.59) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD .530 (<LOD-.600) .930 (.830-1.06) 1.46 (1.18-1.59) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .980 (.850-1.12) 1.33 (1.13-1.59) 1399 

Females 03-04 * < LOD .900 (<LOD-.960) 1.59 (1.35-1.75) 2.19 (1.75-2.63) 1292 

05-06 * < LOD .850 (<LOD-.970) 1.46 (1.30-1.67) 2.06 (1.67-2.50) 1278 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.46 (1.23-1.75) 2.19 (1.67-2.50) 1310 

09-10 * < LOD .850 (<LOD-.920) 1.46 (1.30-1.59) 2.06 (1.62-2.33) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD .760 (.600-.900) 1.15 (.970-1.38) 1.59 (1.18-2.42) 616 

05-06 * < LOD .650 (.570-.700) 1.03 (.860-1.19) 1.46 (1.11-1.94) 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.05 (.910-1.17) 1.35 (1.13-1.57) 531 

09-10 * < LOD .690 (<LOD-.760) 1.00 (.900-1.33) 1.67 (1.13-2.18) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD .600 (.560-.640) .950 (.800-1.10) 1.34 (1.06-1.67) 635 

05-06 * < LOD .630 (.540-.740) 1.03 (.830-1.49) 1.59 (1.13-2.07) 678 

07-08 * < LOD .520 (.470-.620) 1.00 (.830-1.13) 1.40 (1.13-1.52) 597 

09-10 * < LOD .560 (.490-.610) .830 (.750-.950) 1.17 (.920-1.52) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD 1.30 (1.17-1.46) 1.75 (1.59-2.11) 1076 

05-06 * < LOD .760 (<LOD-.830) 1.35 (1.25-1.50) 1.79 (1.60-2.06) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.35 (1.13-1.52) 1.84 (1.52-2.50) 1077 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD 1.30 (1.18-1.46) 1.73 (1.59-2.06) 1206 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Trichlorophenols_BiomonitoringSummary.html

74 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2,4-Dichlorophenol 

Metabolite of other chlorophenols 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 1.04 (.895-1.21) .900 (.800-1.10) 2.70 (2.30-3.10) 8.80 (6.60-11.9) 21.3 (14.1-29.5) 2525 

05-06 .945 (.791-1.13) .800 (.700-1.00) 2.00 (1.60-2.40) 4.90 (3.90-6.30) 11.9 (7.00-20.4) 2548 

07-08 .970 (.852-1.11) .800 (.700-.900) 1.80 (1.50-2.30) 5.10 (3.80-7.60) 12.6 (9.00-18.1) 2604 

09-10 .803 (.729-.885) .700 (.700-.800) 1.50 (1.40-1.70) 4.00 (3.30-5.00) 8.80 (6.40-15.7) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 1.01 (.796-1.28) .800 (.600-1.20) 2.30 (1.70-3.20) 7.70 (3.80-20.1) 23.5 (9.40-31.0) 314 

05-06 1.01 (.879-1.15) .800 (.800-1.10) 2.00 (1.60-2.30) 4.90 (3.30-6.60) 9.80 (6.30-17.6) 356 

07-08 1.04 (.778-1.39) .900 (.700-1.20) 1.80 (1.20-2.80) 5.90 (2.90-10.1) 11.4 (6.60-20.7) 389 

09-10 .975 (.768-1.24) .700 (.600-.900) 1.80 (1.40-2.30) 5.00 (3.20-8.40) 14.2 (4.40-90.9) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 1.27 (.971-1.67) 1.10 (.800-1.50) 3.40 (2.50-5.00) 13.6 (6.10-25.5) 31.5 (14.5-85.0) 722 

05-06 1.18 (.997-1.39) 1.00 (.900-1.20) 2.50 (2.00-3.10) 5.50 (4.00-8.30) 13.9 (7.10-33.6) 702 

07-08 1.19 (.989-1.44) 1.10 (.800-1.40) 2.60 (2.00-3.00) 5.60 (3.10-10.8) 11.6 (5.70-36.5) 401 

09-10 .967 (.794-1.18) .800 (.700-.900) 1.60 (1.40-2.70) 5.80 (3.70-10.1) 14.4 (7.10-24.8) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 1.01 (.874-1.17) .900 (.700-1.10) 2.60 (2.20-3.00) 8.50 (6.60-10.4) 19.4 (12.2-27.0) 1489 

05-06 .907 (.737-1.12) .800 (.600-1.00) 2.00 (1.50-2.40) 4.90 (3.70-6.40) 11.1 (6.50-20.9) 1490 

07-08 .932 (.820-1.06) .800 (.700-.900) 1.70 (1.40-2.20) 5.00 (3.80-7.60) 13.2 (9.20-18.1) 1814 

09-10 .764 (.699-.836) .700 (.600-.700) 1.40 (1.30-1.60) 3.60 (3.10-4.50) 8.00 (5.60-13.9) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 1.22 (1.02-1.45) 1.10 (.800-1.50) 3.00 (2.50-3.50) 9.40 (6.80-13.9) 22.7 (13.6-40.9) 1231 

05-06 1.16 (.973-1.37) 1.00 (.900-1.20) 2.40 (2.00-2.80) 5.50 (4.40-7.90) 12.9 (7.30-25.3) 1270 

07-08 1.06 (.943-1.19) .900 (.800-1.00) 1.90 (1.60-2.20) 5.40 (3.90-8.20) 13.6 (10.1-18.1) 1294 

09-10 .879 (.789-.979) .800 (.700-.800) 1.60 (1.40-1.80) 4.00 (3.20-5.70) 10.4 (5.20-18.4) 1399 

Females 03-04 .896 (.754-1.07) .800 (.600-.900) 2.30 (2.00-2.70) 8.10 (5.70-11.1) 19.8 (12.0-27.5) 1294 

05-06 .779 (.637-.954) .700 (.500-.800) 1.50 (1.30-2.10) 4.30 (2.80-6.20) 9.40 (5.40-19.6) 1278 

07-08 .893 (.750-1.06) .700 (.600-.800) 1.80 (1.20-2.50) 4.70 (3.10-8.00) 11.9 (7.60-18.6) 1310 

09-10 .737 (.659-.824) .600 (.600-.700) 1.40 (1.30-1.70) 4.00 (3.00-5.50) 7.80 (5.80-15.8) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 1.94 (1.46-2.56) 1.70 (1.20-2.10) 4.50 (2.80-9.30) 26.9 (12.7-52.1) 66.0 (47.5-84.2) 617 

05-06 1.97 (1.49-2.59) 1.60 (1.20-2.10) 5.00 (3.30-6.60) 20.9 (8.80-39.7) 46.5 (21.9-79.5) 637 

07-08 1.59 (.969-2.60) 1.20 (.600-2.60) 4.20 (2.10-9.50) 13.4 (7.90-29.6) 38.0 (16.4-74.0) 531 

09-10 1.25 (.860-1.81) .900 (.700-1.30) 2.70 (1.60-4.30) 11.3 (4.30-26.3) 29.1 (7.60-76.3) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 2.42 (1.92-3.06) 2.20 (1.70-2.70) 7.40 (4.00-9.60) 20.8 (11.2-38.3) 49.2 (24.0-69.7) 636 

05-06 2.45 (1.93-3.12) 2.10 (1.70-2.40) 5.20 (3.90-7.40) 20.3 (10.6-36.9) 42.6 (21.3-129) 678 

07-08 1.73 (1.49-2.01) 1.40 (1.10-1.60) 3.70 (2.90-4.90) 17.8 (9.70-25.8) 37.7 (24.6-56.8) 597 

09-10 1.54 (1.06-2.23) 1.20 (.800-2.00) 3.10 (2.10-4.80) 12.4 (4.30-46.4) 35.2 (7.80-107) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 .837 (.698-1.00) .700 (.600-.900) 2.10 (1.70-2.60) 6.20 (4.00-8.80) 13.4 (8.60-22.0) 1077 

05-06 .734 (.610-.883) .700 (.500-.900) 1.40 (1.20-1.80) 3.10 (2.70-3.90) 5.30 (4.30-7.90) 1038 

07-08 .817 (.732-.911) .700 (.600-.800) 1.50 (1.20-1.80) 3.10 (2.60-4.40) 6.40 (4.60-8.80) 1077 

09-10 .651 (.594-.712) .600 (.500-.700) 1.30 (1.10-1.40) 2.80 (2.20-3.50) 5.60 (3.80-7.40) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.17, 0.2, 0.2, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/24D_BiomonitoringSummary.html

75 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2,4-Dichlorophenol (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of other chlorophenols 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 1.02 (.873-1.18) .880 (.770-1.00) 2.19 (1.84-2.73) 7.39 (5.00-9.83) 15.4 (11.1-20.9) 2522 

05-06 .922 (.798-1.06) .750 (.660-.880) 1.58 (1.33-1.86) 4.00 (3.00-5.71) 8.90 (5.98-16.6) 2548 

07-08 .978 (.867-1.10) .790 (.700-.880) 1.63 (1.36-1.89) 4.00 (3.14-5.63) 11.7 (6.82-18.9) 2604 

09-10 .838 (.757-.929) .680 (.630-.740) 1.33 (1.18-1.58) 3.48 (2.77-4.55) 8.17 (5.44-14.3) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 1.23 (.965-1.56) 1.03 (.750-1.45) 2.39 (1.82-3.36) 9.29 (3.98-16.5) 20.9 (12.9-38.1) 314 

05-06 1.11 (.950-1.29) .970 (.800-1.08) 1.74 (1.38-2.19) 4.38 (3.33-7.80) 10.9 (5.12-23.3) 356 

07-08 1.28 (1.00-1.63) 1.06 (.750-1.40) 2.06 (1.44-3.21) 4.49 (3.13-9.27) 11.2 (5.70-24.4) 389 

09-10 1.27 (.986-1.64) .930 (.820-1.20) 2.03 (1.54-2.94) 5.89 (3.50-11.0) 15.9 (5.71-121) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 .954 (.725-1.26) .790 (.660-1.00) 2.08 (1.44-3.75) 8.02 (4.72-12.5) 14.8 (8.02-40.0) 720 

05-06 .878 (.765-1.01) .700 (.600-.800) 1.65 (1.22-1.93) 3.92 (2.90-4.82) 8.28 (4.82-15.9) 702 

07-08 .927 (.776-1.11) .790 (.640-1.00) 1.51 (1.14-2.22) 3.81 (2.38-5.92) 10.3 (4.28-21.8) 401 

09-10 .778 (.656-.921) .580 (.510-.690) 1.18 (.970-1.40) 3.38 (2.11-6.27) 7.38 (3.39-19.4) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 1.00 (.863-1.16) .870 (.770-1.00) 2.17 (1.80-2.69) 7.16 (4.88-9.01) 15.0 (10.6-20.8) 1488 

05-06 .909 (.774-1.07) .740 (.650-.870) 1.55 (1.25-1.89) 4.00 (2.84-6.19) 8.80 (5.71-16.8) 1490 

07-08 .958 (.847-1.08) .770 (.670-.880) 1.60 (1.32-1.85) 3.98 (3.14-5.59) 12.1 (8.15-18.9) 1814 

09-10 .810 (.735-.892) .670 (.620-.730) 1.27 (1.11-1.56) 3.33 (2.65-4.23) 7.64 (5.16-12.3) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 .995 (.850-1.17) .900 (.730-1.06) 2.23 (1.82-2.82) 6.84 (4.54-9.01) 13.7 (9.29-21.8) 1230 

05-06 .927 (.814-1.06) .770 (.670-.880) 1.60 (1.36-1.86) 4.12 (3.08-5.45) 8.90 (5.19-16.6) 1270 

07-08 .891 (.808-.984) .720 (.660-.790) 1.44 (1.29-1.67) 4.00 (2.97-5.30) 9.96 (6.82-13.4) 1294 

09-10 .788 (.706-.879) .620 (.580-.660) 1.25 (1.06-1.48) 3.66 (2.52-5.47) 7.69 (4.84-16.9) 1399 

Females 03-04 1.03 (.845-1.27) .870 (.770-1.00) 2.17 (1.73-2.73) 8.00 (4.57-12.1) 17.2 (11.1-23.7) 1292 

05-06 .916 (.770-1.09) .740 (.640-.880) 1.56 (1.19-1.96) 3.91 (2.66-6.50) 8.93 (5.53-23.7) 1278 

07-08 1.07 (.910-1.26) .850 (.720-1.00) 1.75 (1.43-2.29) 4.07 (3.13-7.65) 14.4 (6.50-26.8) 1310 

09-10 .890 (.789-1.00) .740 (.660-.850) 1.41 (1.24-1.67) 3.39 (2.76-4.52) 8.79 (5.16-14.8) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 1.76 (1.30-2.38) 1.33 (1.04-1.74) 3.85 (2.29-8.81) 23.8 (10.6-51.6) 71.4 (30.8-88.8) 616 

05-06 1.77 (1.38-2.27) 1.25 (.990-1.73) 3.79 (2.70-5.35) 16.6 (6.75-31.8) 38.1 (23.8-55.3) 637 

07-08 1.55 (.925-2.60) 1.18 (.630-2.28) 3.33 (1.93-6.50) 14.2 (5.65-30.6) 33.1 (16.6-60.0) 531 

09-10 1.24 (.860-1.78) .910 (.630-1.28) 2.03 (1.43-3.90) 11.0 (3.54-26.4) 26.4 (10.2-93.5) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 1.66 (1.28-2.16) 1.47 (1.06-1.96) 4.14 (2.46-7.31) 14.9 (7.93-20.1) 22.9 (16.7-45.0) 635 

05-06 1.72 (1.39-2.14) 1.32 (1.11-1.56) 3.28 (2.33-5.35) 14.9 (7.40-28.1) 37.0 (15.0-83.4) 678 

07-08 1.34 (1.14-1.59) .990 (.800-1.17) 2.36 (1.85-3.12) 13.1 (5.70-23.3) 33.8 (22.7-41.1) 597 

09-10 1.11 (.739-1.67) .890 (.630-1.19) 2.07 (1.25-3.87) 8.37 (2.99-22.0) 22.0 (7.05-83.1) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 .864 (.721-1.03) .780 (.690-.890) 1.86 (1.54-2.23) 5.08 (3.58-8.00) 10.8 (6.84-18.2) 1076 

05-06 .772 (.660-.904) .670 (.580-.790) 1.25 (1.07-1.56) 2.78 (2.11-3.52) 4.82 (3.33-8.62) 1038 

07-08 .853 (.765-.950) .730 (.660-.810) 1.36 (1.14-1.67) 2.97 (2.53-3.33) 5.16 (3.84-9.38) 1077 

09-10 .731 (.674-.793) .630 (.580-.690) 1.13 (1.01-1.25) 2.76 (2.29-3.30) 5.16 (3.79-6.46) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/24D_BiomonitoringSummary.html

76 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2,5-Dichlorophenol 

Metabolite of 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (Paradichlorobenzene) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 12.9 (10.1-16.3) 10.5 (8.00-14.2) 40.9 (29.8-54.7) 190 (133-282) 705 (342-1330) 2525 

05-06 9.55 (6.67-13.7) 8.10 (5.60-11.5) 26.4 (19.0-36.6) 111 (69.9-166) 332 (175-794) 2548 

07-08 9.04 (7.22-11.3) 6.60 (5.50-8.30) 25.7 (19.2-34.7) 131 (90.2-222) 473 (296-753) 2604 

09-10 6.10 (4.94-7.53) 4.70 (3.70-5.90) 18.4 (13.3-26.0) 101 (68.0-146) 301 (168-618) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 12.5 (8.22-18.9) 9.10 (5.60-17.4) 42.1 (21.7-83.9) 161 (111-626) 928 (249-1640) 314 

05-06 10.5 (8.29-13.4) 7.80 (5.90-10.6) 28.1 (17.8-40.2) 104 (55.4-226) 336 (189-785) 356 

07-08 9.31 (6.20-14.0) 6.50 (4.60-10.9) 23.3 (12.2-45.6) 151 (61.1-306) 464 (222-934) 389 

09-10 7.19 (4.36-11.8) 4.80 (2.70-9.90) 30.4 (12.4-50.7) 146 (63.7-368) 503 (103-4940) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 16.9 (11.1-26.0) 11.5 (8.20-20.6) 49.9 (26.8-94.0) 233 (94.5-1060) 1080 (287-3970) 722 

05-06 11.9 (8.47-16.8) 9.60 (6.40-16.7) 36.0 (22.3-54.4) 127 (89.9-160) 459 (160-894) 702 

07-08 11.3 (8.78-14.5) 7.40 (6.20-9.10) 30.1 (18.5-52.6) 193 (66.7-448) 611 (254-1560) 401 

09-10 8.01 (5.53-11.6) 4.80 (3.50-8.80) 24.9 (19.1-42.7) 191 (61.2-368) 526 (243-1140) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 12.3 (9.97-15.3) 10.4 (8.00-14.0) 40.5 (30.1-49.2) 181 (141-250) 583 (316-924) 1489 

05-06 9.12 (6.15-13.5) 7.80 (5.20-11.5) 24.9 (17.3-35.3) 110 (62.9-183) 327 (159-852) 1490 

07-08 8.71 (6.83-11.1) 6.60 (5.10-8.70) 24.6 (18.8-34.5) 124 (95.9-186) 452 (286-672) 1814 

09-10 5.75 (4.77-6.92) 4.60 (3.70-5.70) 16.9 (12.7-23.1) 88.4 (66.4-117) 266 (156-450) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 14.9 (11.8-18.8) 12.5 (9.00-16.5) 40.5 (30.7-54.5) 152 (120-259) 631 (259-1950) 1231 

05-06 12.0 (8.55-16.7) 9.90 (7.80-13.8) 29.0 (21.8-40.5) 114 (71.7-200) 396 (175-916) 1270 

07-08 10.9 (8.86-13.4) 8.30 (6.30-9.90) 29.4 (23.2-39.6) 139 (100-248) 546 (311-727) 1294 

09-10 7.09 (5.68-8.85) 5.30 (4.40-6.70) 21.9 (15.2-33.5) 103 (63.3-191) 311 (133-736) 1399 

Females 03-04 11.2 (8.51-14.7) 8.50 (6.30-12.0) 42.8 (26.0-64.2) 212 (141-364) 732 (371-1100) 1294 

05-06 7.69 (5.17-11.4) 5.90 (3.90-9.40) 21.1 (14.3-35.7) 110 (60.5-183) 317 (141-794) 1278 

07-08 7.57 (5.70-10.1) 5.50 (4.40-7.30) 20.6 (13.9-31.8) 118 (57.4-268) 442 (213-838) 1310 

09-10 5.28 (4.17-6.69) 3.90 (3.00-5.10) 16.7 (12.1-22.1) 99.5 (58.2-156) 287 (158-591) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 30.1 (19.2-47.2) 23.7 (14.7-39.8) 103 (57.4-156) 841 (282-2040) 2370 (2040-3710) 617 

05-06 32.2 (22.2-46.7) 23.0 (14.9-37.1) 120 (69.6-228) 867 (298-1320) 1630 (916-3650) 637 

07-08 22.2 (9.88-49.8) 16.4 (5.40-60.7) 104 (35.2-364) 566 (313-1710) 1920 (672-3460) 531 

09-10 13.0 (5.80-29.1) 10.3 (3.30-26.2) 53.6 (19.4-199) 361 (124-900) 998 (247-3700) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 54.0 (35.9-81.2) 43.9 (26.2-65.6) 159 (97.0-338) 817 (342-2330) 2330 (887-3730) 636 

05-06 43.9 (33.2-58.1) 33.2 (25.3-47.6) 161 (79.9-255) 722 (360-1370) 1700 (886-6440) 678 

07-08 27.4 (21.3-35.2) 18.5 (13.2-26.7) 102 (61.9-147) 682 (364-943) 1490 (933-1870) 597 

09-10 23.0 (13.0-40.8) 17.3 (8.00-42.7) 82.7 (38.6-168) 443 (119-2180) 1240 (273-4940) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 8.94 (7.15-11.2) 7.80 (6.30-9.40) 25.9 (19.3-36.6) 115 (61.8-171) 255 (148-522) 1077 

05-06 6.19 (4.18-9.17) 5.90 (3.80-9.20) 15.7 (11.4-21.9) 43.7 (31.2-73.1) 105 (62.2-166) 1038 

07-08 6.24 (5.04-7.74) 5.10 (4.20-6.20) 15.4 (12.2-19.9) 49.8 (37.0-90.2) 142 (103-294) 1077 

09-10 4.10 (3.22-5.21) 3.30 (2.60-4.40) 10.9 (8.10-15.5) 45.5 (29.0-82.7) 124 (79.3-215) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.12, 0.2, 0.2, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/25D_BiomonitoringSummary.html

77 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2,5-Dichlorophenol (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of para-dichlorobenzene (p-dichlorobenzene) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 12.5 (10.1-15.6) 9.29 (7.25-12.5) 34.4 (26.8-45.4) 141 (100-251) 578 (313-851) 2522 

05-06 9.31 (6.70-12.9) 7.32 (5.33-10.2) 20.4 (14.8-30.5) 89.3 (54.9-176) 292 (176-640) 2548 

07-08 9.12 (7.35-11.3) 6.24 (5.00-7.77) 24.2 (17.2-30.3) 109 (70.8-175) 409 (234-745) 2604 

09-10 6.36 (5.07-7.99) 4.12 (3.31-5.16) 16.2 (11.7-22.8) 80.2 (59.5-127) 269 (144-505) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 15.2 (9.93-23.1) 10.6 (5.87-26.7) 44.7 (28.9-80.0) 183 (95.3-617) 830 (330-2150) 314 

05-06 11.6 (8.90-15.1) 8.00 (5.95-12.6) 24.7 (16.8-37.8) 129 (55.8-242) 419 (151-709) 356 

07-08 11.5 (7.95-16.5) 7.70 (5.41-11.7) 29.5 (19.6-50.9) 131 (59.9-239) 420 (170-1110) 389 

09-10 9.36 (5.65-15.5) 6.25 (4.09-9.60) 33.9 (12.6-65.0) 177 (66.1-496) 536 (111-5950) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 12.7 (8.50-18.9) 9.05 (6.17-13.3) 34.8 (18.6-67.0) 177 (67.0-516) 549 (187-2120) 720 

05-06 8.88 (6.34-12.4) 6.91 (4.15-11.1) 23.4 (17.7-30.0) 78.0 (58.5-112) 279 (112-659) 702 

07-08 8.79 (6.81-11.4) 5.56 (4.42-7.50) 20.9 (13.8-34.9) 130 (41.8-251) 353 (158-799) 401 

09-10 6.44 (4.40-9.42) 4.05 (2.34-8.69) 19.4 (11.6-37.7) 121 (49.3-218) 257 (119-1180) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 12.2 (10.1-14.8) 9.13 (7.25-12.4) 32.7 (26.7-42.9) 140 (103-203) 552 (283-838) 1488 

05-06 9.15 (6.43-13.0) 7.29 (5.29-10.0) 19.6 (14.2-30.4) 90.7 (48.5-197) 274 (163-701) 1490 

07-08 8.94 (7.07-11.3) 6.15 (4.93-8.00) 24.3 (16.6-30.6) 101 (70.0-162) 422 (234-729) 1814 

09-10 6.09 (4.97-7.45) 3.97 (3.27-4.78) 14.7 (11.0-20.5) 72.5 (56.6-97.2) 261 (141-446) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 12.2 (9.73-15.3) 9.65 (7.23-12.7) 32.7 (25.3-39.1) 108 (79.0-183) 358 (161-1080) 1230 

05-06 9.60 (7.17-12.9) 8.11 (5.95-10.5) 20.5 (15.9-28.2) 74.9 (50.5-141) 249 (137-534) 1270 

07-08 9.17 (7.63-11.0) 6.24 (5.22-7.81) 25.5 (19.7-32.4) 110 (70.7-167) 353 (234-572) 1294 

09-10 6.36 (5.04-8.02) 4.21 (3.36-4.97) 16.7 (11.7-24.0) 83.2 (53.7-141) 280 (111-727) 1399 

Females 03-04 12.9 (9.91-16.8) 8.95 (6.98-13.2) 37.1 (26.7-56.9) 209 (124-362) 660 (408-940) 1292 

05-06 9.04 (6.18-13.2) 6.60 (4.56-10.4) 20.4 (14.1-33.8) 104 (55.8-199) 309 (149-933) 1278 

07-08 9.07 (6.91-11.9) 6.08 (4.71-8.04) 22.4 (14.7-30.6) 107 (59.2-216) 509 (185-908) 1310 

09-10 6.37 (4.92-8.25) 4.10 (3.09-5.69) 15.6 (11.3-22.1) 77.1 (53.3-148) 267 (151-481) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 27.3 (17.4-42.9) 17.8 (9.86-36.3) 79.8 (45.8-138) 809 (196-2110) 2200 (1250-2480) 616 

05-06 29.0 (20.5-41.0) 18.6 (12.9-27.3) 99.4 (61.6-165) 675 (296-1400) 1680 (718-2720) 637 

07-08 21.6 (9.44-49.6) 16.4 (5.09-58.9) 83.9 (30.8-281) 572 (182-1490) 1490 (700-2220) 531 

09-10 12.9 (5.78-28.8) 9.12 (3.38-26.7) 45.0 (17.3-236) 460 (105-1000) 1000 (380-2800) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 37.1 (24.3-56.7) 27.4 (17.5-47.7) 103 (63.8-216) 609 (248-1210) 1240 (627-2430) 635 

05-06 30.9 (23.6-40.3) 20.5 (17.3-29.1) 104 (57.7-180) 480 (294-1080) 1480 (515-3100) 678 

07-08 21.3 (16.2-27.9) 14.6 (10.2-19.7) 64.6 (48.0-101) 529 (217-884) 1130 (793-1560) 597 

09-10 16.7 (9.19-30.2) 12.5 (6.74-22.0) 58.9 (22.3-106) 349 (92.6-878) 878 (277-3890) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 9.24 (7.48-11.4) 7.14 (5.67-8.76) 24.8 (18.7-31.7) 79.7 (50.2-141) 216 (124-516) 1076 

05-06 6.52 (4.51-9.43) 5.60 (3.86-8.51) 14.1 (10.7-19.7) 40.2 (28.4-61.6) 110 (47.3-224) 1038 

07-08 6.52 (5.26-8.07) 4.89 (3.95-6.20) 14.4 (11.4-19.2) 53.2 (40.1-75.9) 131 (82.5-249) 1077 

09-10 4.60 (3.59-5.90) 3.27 (2.77-4.10) 10.4 (7.22-15.2) 41.3 (25.0-69.1) 130 (73.4-180) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/25D_BiomonitoringSummary.html

78 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Acephate 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2491 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2546 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 309 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 343 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 715 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 696 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1467 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1507 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1221 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1205 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1270 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1341 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 608 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 666 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 647 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 698 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1077 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 979 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.1 and 0.25 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

79 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Acephate (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2489 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2546 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 309 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 343 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 714 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 696 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1466 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1507 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1220 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1205 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1269 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1341 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 607 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 666 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 647 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 698 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1076 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 979 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

80 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Dimethoate 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2455 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2628 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 306 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 349 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 708 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1441 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1561 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1197 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1245 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1258 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1383 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 605 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 693 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 629 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 719 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1068 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.1 and 0.25 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

81 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Dimethoate (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2453 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2628 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 306 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 349 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 707 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1440 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1561 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1196 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1245 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1257 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1383 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 604 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 693 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 629 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 719 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1067 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

82 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Omethoate 

Metabolite of Dimethoate 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2455 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2628 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 303 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 349 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 707 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1445 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1561 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1207 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1245 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1248 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1383 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 606 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 693 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 637 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 719 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1055 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.1 and 0.14 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

83 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Omethoate (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Dimethoate 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2453 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2628 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 303 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 349 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 706 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 718 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1444 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1561 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1206 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1245 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1247 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1383 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 605 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 693 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 637 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 719 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1054 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1007 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

84 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Methamidophos 

Also a metabolite of Acephate 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2379 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2591 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 295 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 346 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 683 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 710 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1401 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1535 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1171 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1232 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1208 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1359 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 564 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 688 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 631 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 717 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1034 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 979 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.1 and 0.37 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

85 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Methamidophos (creatinine corrected) 

Also a metabolite of Acephate 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2377 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2591 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 295 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 346 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 682 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 710 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1400 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1535 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1170 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1232 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1207 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1359 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 563 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 688 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 631 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 717 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1033 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 979 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

86 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Diethylphosphate (DEP) 

Metabolite of Several Organophosphorus Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 1.03 (.670-1.58) 1.20 (.750-1.70) 3.20 (2.30-4.80) 7.60 (5.00-12.0) 13.0 (7.70-23.0) 1949 

01-02 * < LOD 2.90 (2.50-3.26) 6.68 (5.78-7.52) 10.6 (9.14-12.0) 3018 

03-04 * < LOD 4.56 (3.57-5.83) 10.2 (9.00-11.5) 15.5 (13.5-16.8) 2453 

07-08 * < LOD 2.48 (1.44-3.33) 8.74 (7.51-10.3) 15.3 (13.1-17.8) 2591 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 1.32 (.757-2.29) 1.50 (.860-2.60) 4.50 (2.10-7.90) 11.0 (4.80-24.0) 16.0 (8.50-36.0) 471 

01-02 * .290 (<LOD-1.04) 3.45 (2.36-4.47) 9.56 (6.33-18.0) 20.0 (9.44-38.2) 576 

03-04 * < LOD 5.13 (2.48-7.94) 10.9 (8.08-15.9) 16.1 (10.9-18.5) 308 

07-08 * < LOD 4.31 (.420-6.49) 12.9 (9.14-17.7) 20.2 (11.9-37.5) 385 

12-19 years 99-00 1.21 (.758-1.94) 1.40 (.970-2.10) 3.70 (2.40-5.50) 8.00 (4.70-19.0) 20.0 (8.00-27.0) 664 

01-02 * < LOD 2.86 (1.96-3.95) 7.58 (5.71-9.15) 11.0 (9.35-12.4) 822 

03-04 * .530 (<LOD-2.32) 5.80 (4.34-7.67) 14.8 (9.12-19.8) 20.8 (14.8-32.7) 701 

07-08 * < LOD 3.81 (<LOD-5.42) 10.7 (7.76-14.2) 23.3 (11.3-35.6) 391 

20-59 years 99-00 .955 (.623-1.47) 1.10 (.700-1.60) 3.00 (1.80-4.80) 7.30 (4.70-11.0) 11.0 (6.80-22.0) 814 

01-02 * < LOD 2.71 (2.34-3.12) 5.79 (5.05-7.21) 10.4 (7.43-12.3) 1122 

03-04 * < LOD 4.37 (3.02-5.81) 9.74 (8.35-11.3) 14.2 (11.5-16.2) 922 

07-08 * < LOD 1.55 (.470-2.48) 7.54 (6.10-8.98) 14.0 (9.62-15.7) 1178 

60 years and older 01-02 * .440 (<LOD-1.63) 3.30 (2.63-4.51) 7.06 (5.17-8.69) 9.41 (8.31-10.6) 498 

03-04 * 1.80 (<LOD-2.98) 4.73 (3.98-5.91) 10.0 (8.09-11.3) 13.6 (10.6-16.7) 522 

07-08 * < LOD 3.55 (2.80-5.31) 9.86 (7.53-14.2) 17.1 (12.6-22.1) 637 

Gender 

Males 99-00 1.11 (.717-1.73) 1.20 (.810-1.70) 3.80 (2.50-5.00) 8.00 (5.00-19.0) 19.0 (7.20-30.0) 952 

01-02 * < LOD 3.21 (2.72-3.56) 6.99 (5.83-7.71) 11.5 (9.36-12.1) 1420 

03-04 * < LOD 5.01 (3.90-6.50) 11.0 (10.1-12.7) 16.2 (14.3-18.8) 1198 

07-08 * < LOD 1.95 (<LOD-3.34) 9.39 (7.90-11.8) 17.0 (13.7-21.5) 1295 

Females 99-00 .954 (.599-1.52) 1.20 (.620-1.70) 2.90 (1.90-4.80) 7.50 (4.60-11.0) 11.0 (7.40-16.0) 997 

01-02 * .290 (<LOD-.790) 2.63 (2.22-3.03) 6.21 (4.59-8.64) 10.2 (7.52-14.7) 1598 

03-04 * .110 (<LOD-2.29) 4.29 (3.21-5.80) 9.38 (7.95-10.7) 13.3 (11.2-15.9) 1255 

07-08 * < LOD 2.76 (1.69-3.62) 7.76 (6.23-10.7) 14.5 (10.7-18.8) 1296 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 1.22 (.740-2.01) 1.20 (.840-1.80) 4.10 (2.20-7.00) 11.0 (6.40-19.0) 18.0 (12.0-27.0) 672 

01-02 * .600 (<LOD-1.49) 3.07 (2.22-3.83) 6.26 (5.00-7.82) 11.2 (7.82-12.3) 763 

03-04 * 1.18 (<LOD-2.97) 5.81 (3.99-7.59) 11.0 (8.48-16.1) 16.9 (12.1-24.0) 581 

07-08 * < LOD 1.63 (<LOD-3.88) 8.36 (6.44-9.61) 14.8 (8.85-25.1) 501 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 1.56 (1.13-2.14) 1.60 (1.40-1.80) 4.30 (2.90-5.80) 10.0 (5.60-18.0) 18.0 (8.00-27.0) 509 

01-02 * 1.03 (<LOD-2.33) 4.81 (3.48-6.52) 9.98 (7.39-13.3) 15.1 (9.81-23.4) 756 

03-04 * 1.04 (<LOD-3.28) 6.29 (5.05-8.44) 11.9 (9.92-15.5) 16.2 (14.1-22.5) 628 

07-08 * < LOD 3.92 (2.67-5.19) 11.3 (9.44-14.0) 19.5 (14.1-22.0) 574 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .981 (.579-1.66) 1.10 (.490-2.10) 3.30 (2.20-4.90) 7.70 (4.70-14.0) 14.0 (7.60-25.0) 595 

01-02 * < LOD 2.63 (2.21-3.13) 5.79 (5.05-7.35) 9.90 (8.38-11.7) 1253 

03-04 * < LOD 4.25 (3.12-5.77) 9.74 (8.37-11.3) 14.4 (12.4-16.0) 1055 

07-08 * < LOD 2.14 (1.27-3.03) 7.57 (6.57-8.97) 14.5 (11.4-16.5) 1086 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, and 07-08 are 0.2, 0.2, and 0.1 and 0.37 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OP-DPM_BiomonitoringSummary.html

87 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Diethylphosphate (DEP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Several Organophosphorus Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .924 (.608-1.41) .920 (.570-1.40) 2.73 (1.68-4.60) 7.94 (4.40-12.2) 12.2 (8.00-19.6) 1949 

01-02 * < LOD 2.56 (2.17-2.85) 5.36 (4.75-6.06) 8.72 (7.19-10.3) 3017 

03-04 * < LOD 4.64 (3.82-5.79) 9.18 (7.85-10.8) 13.1 (10.5-16.1) 2450 

07-08 * < LOD 3.20 (2.37-4.12) 8.86 (7.52-10.7) 15.7 (11.9-19.8) 2589 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 1.43 (.870-2.34) 1.47 (1.02-2.41) 3.94 (2.20-8.57) 10.5 (4.55-20.8) 16.6 (10.5-32.7) 471 

01-02 * .886 (<LOD-1.76) 4.02 (2.87-5.25) 8.85 (6.88-15.6) 18.4 (9.40-28.8) 576 

03-04 * < LOD 6.10 (3.79-9.03) 11.9 (9.54-15.2) 16.1 (11.9-28.3) 308 

07-08 * < LOD 4.67 (2.01-6.96) 17.2 (13.1-20.3) 28.2 (19.3-34.8) 385 

12-19 years 99-00 .818 (.533-1.26) .790 (.560-1.25) 2.35 (1.37-3.75) 5.44 (2.82-14.4) 12.4 (4.66-34.2) 664 

01-02 * < LOD 2.05 (1.54-2.67) 4.40 (3.40-5.28) 7.28 (5.28-9.75) 821 

03-04 * .438 (<LOD-2.05) 4.47 (3.90-5.43) 10.1 (7.10-13.5) 14.7 (9.82-26.4) 699 

07-08 * < LOD 2.86 (<LOD-4.53) 8.56 (5.70-17.0) 17.0 (8.05-23.0) 389 

20-59 years 99-00 .883 (.574-1.36) .860 (.500-1.35) 2.66 (1.54-4.95) 7.37 (4.32-12.1) 12.1 (8.00-17.5) 814 

01-02 * < LOD 2.28 (2.01-2.56) 4.75 (3.92-5.83) 7.37 (5.93-9.72) 1122 

03-04 * < LOD 4.29 (2.98-5.71) 8.35 (6.09-11.3) 11.9 (9.02-14.7) 921 

07-08 * < LOD 2.38 (1.81-3.27) 7.45 (6.11-9.43) 11.4 (9.22-15.8) 1178 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .855 (.566-1.29) .820 (.510-1.34) 2.61 (1.76-4.03) 7.69 (4.41-12.1) 12.2 (6.94-23.8) 952 

01-02 * < LOD 2.20 (1.86-2.64) 4.49 (3.92-5.31) 7.50 (5.79-9.10) 1420 

03-04 * < LOD 4.20 (3.28-5.30) 8.35 (7.10-10.1) 12.0 (9.33-14.7) 1197 

07-08 * < LOD 2.17 (<LOD-3.23) 8.14 (6.35-10.7) 13.6 (9.79-18.6) 1294 

Females 99-00 .996 (.620-1.60) .960 (.540-1.62) 2.81 (1.45-5.85) 8.00 (4.00-13.0) 12.1 (6.67-19.6) 997 

01-02 * .778 (<LOD-1.31) 2.81 (2.44-3.33) 6.49 (4.95-7.76) 9.61 (7.12-13.6) 1597 

03-04 * .636 (<LOD-2.84) 5.06 (4.03-6.86) 9.85 (8.25-11.8) 13.8 (10.9-20.3) 1253 

07-08 * < LOD 4.09 (2.80-4.91) 9.46 (8.43-11.5) 16.5 (13.1-20.9) 1295 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 1.09 (.633-1.89) 1.05 (.650-1.98) 3.78 (2.11-6.46) 9.84 (5.66-15.7) 15.7 (8.61-29.0) 672 

01-02 * .891 (<LOD-1.41) 2.39 (1.77-3.14) 5.17 (4.10-6.53) 8.04 (6.40-10.9) 763 

03-04 * 1.07 (<LOD-2.79) 4.94 (3.30-7.01) 9.94 (7.89-13.3) 16.6 (10.1-22.4) 580 

07-08 * < LOD 3.19 (<LOD-4.27) 8.56 (6.00-10.3) 13.3 (9.77-15.9) 500 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 1.07 (.773-1.47) 1.18 (.830-1.54) 2.61 (1.89-3.47) 5.98 (3.94-9.56) 11.9 (5.98-22.2) 509 

01-02 * .797 (<LOD-1.62) 2.98 (2.57-3.61) 6.91 (5.17-8.69) 9.58 (7.82-12.1) 755 

03-04 * .741 (<LOD-2.21) 4.25 (3.46-5.36) 8.30 (6.57-10.7) 11.7 (10.5-13.2) 627 

07-08 * < LOD 3.33 (2.33-4.15) 8.72 (7.27-10.2) 16.7 (11.5-19.4) 573 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .932 (.549-1.58) .900 (.430-1.68) 2.87 (1.51-5.88) 8.57 (4.40-14.4) 13.0 (8.21-23.8) 595 

01-02 * < LOD 2.52 (2.08-2.95) 5.26 (4.57-5.93) 8.26 (6.61-10.8) 1253 

03-04 * < LOD 4.65 (3.73-5.87) 9.12 (7.79-11.2) 12.7 (10.1-15.7) 1054 

07-08 * < LOD 3.10 (2.19-4.18) 8.44 (6.84-9.74) 13.6 (10.9-17.5) 1086 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OP-DPM_BiomonitoringSummary.html

88 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Dimethylphosphate (DMP) 

Metabolite of Several Organophosphorus Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * .740 (<LOD-1.40) 2.90 (2.10-4.00) 7.90 (6.20-8.90) 14.0 (10.0-19.0) 1949 

01-02 * < LOD 3.32 (2.90-3.74) 8.40 (7.11-9.23) 13.4 (11.4-14.9) 3017 

03-04 * < LOD 4.15 (3.39-4.94) 9.54 (7.46-11.9) 15.1 (12.8-18.2) 2494 

07-08 * < LOD 7.91 (6.64-9.07) 20.8 (18.2-24.4) 35.6 (30.3-39.4) 2593 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 1.58 (1.15-2.18) 1.10 (.580-2.20) 4.40 (2.80-6.80) 10.0 (7.80-21.0) 22.0 (15.0-33.0) 471 

01-02 * .970 (<LOD-2.00) 5.04 (3.31-7.66) 12.2 (9.10-15.1) 18.3 (12.6-41.7) 576 

03-04 * < LOD 4.53 (3.34-5.96) 11.0 (5.62-17.9) 16.2 (7.46-28.3) 310 

07-08 * < LOD 12.5 (7.22-16.4) 29.7 (20.3-39.1) 43.3 (29.7-62.7) 385 

12-19 years 99-00 * .670 (<LOD-1.80) 3.80 (2.50-4.90) 9.90 (6.20-18.0) 22.0 (13.0-29.0) 664 

01-02 * .670 (<LOD-1.31) 4.27 (3.41-5.35) 9.27 (7.80-12.3) 14.7 (11.8-21.3) 822 

03-04 * 1.20 (<LOD-2.27) 4.61 (3.47-6.72) 10.9 (7.90-15.0) 20.9 (12.5-26.8) 717 

07-08 * < LOD 10.0 (7.22-14.5) 25.5 (16.8-35.6) 36.2 (25.5-49.6) 391 

20-59 years 99-00 * .680 (<LOD-1.30) 2.70 (1.80-3.70) 6.60 (5.70-8.10) 9.70 (8.80-14.0) 814 

01-02 * < LOD 2.95 (2.35-3.41) 6.95 (5.80-8.82) 11.5 (9.66-13.7) 1121 

03-04 * < LOD 3.75 (2.84-4.88) 8.52 (6.86-10.7) 14.1 (10.8-17.5) 938 

07-08 * < LOD 6.07 (4.26-7.69) 18.0 (13.6-22.6) 30.3 (23.2-37.9) 1180 

60 years and older 01-02 * .700 (<LOD-1.50) 3.68 (2.91-4.56) 8.93 (6.79-10.7) 14.4 (9.60-19.1) 498 

03-04 * 2.04 (<LOD-2.63) 4.60 (3.83-5.15) 11.3 (7.68-13.4) 16.3 (12.4-19.4) 529 

07-08 * < LOD 10.8 (8.64-13.0) 24.9 (19.2-32.4) 40.5 (32.5-47.4) 637 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * .670 (<LOD-1.30) 2.90 (2.20-4.00) 7.90 (6.00-9.30) 18.0 (10.0-24.0) 952 

01-02 * < LOD 3.49 (2.90-4.15) 8.40 (6.95-10.3) 12.8 (11.3-14.7) 1420 

03-04 * < LOD 4.03 (3.30-4.91) 8.49 (6.82-11.9) 15.1 (11.3-20.0) 1221 

07-08 * < LOD 7.75 (6.50-9.63) 20.8 (17.6-26.6) 36.1 (27.0-47.4) 1295 

Females 99-00 * .790 (<LOD-1.60) 2.90 (2.00-4.20) 7.80 (5.70-9.00) 11.0 (9.00-18.0) 997 

01-02 * < LOD 3.06 (2.63-3.63) 8.38 (6.56-9.63) 13.7 (10.9-17.6) 1597 

03-04 * 1.08 (<LOD-1.92) 4.29 (3.31-5.28) 10.4 (7.64-12.9) 14.8 (13.3-18.0) 1273 

07-08 * < LOD 7.91 (6.18-9.36) 20.6 (16.5-25.5) 34.2 (26.6-41.5) 1298 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * 1.10 (<LOD-1.80) 3.80 (2.70-5.30) 9.60 (6.00-16.0) 16.0 (8.90-31.0) 672 

01-02 * .710 (<LOD-1.52) 3.34 (2.45-4.42) 9.13 (7.29-10.7) 14.4 (11.0-20.6) 763 

03-04 * < LOD 4.37 (3.12-6.86) 10.3 (7.85-17.4) 22.3 (9.61-31.6) 610 

07-08 * < LOD 6.85 (3.69-8.82) 20.9 (14.1-26.4) 35.6 (26.3-49.4) 501 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 1.42 (1.16-1.74) 1.00 (.650-1.50) 3.60 (2.50-5.50) 8.90 (6.90-15.0) 21.0 (14.0-24.0) 509 

01-02 * .890 (<LOD-2.20) 4.71 (3.68-6.62) 10.7 (8.54-13.9) 19.4 (14.7-22.8) 755 

03-04 * < LOD 5.28 (4.18-6.37) 10.8 (8.33-12.5) 15.8 (12.2-23.4) 631 

07-08 * < LOD 8.67 (6.43-11.1) 23.7 (18.3-28.6) 38.0 (27.7-48.1) 574 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD 2.90 (1.80-4.20) 7.90 (5.90-9.00) 11.0 (9.00-18.0) 595 

01-02 * < LOD 3.13 (2.49-3.58) 7.79 (6.67-9.22) 12.5 (10.3-14.7) 1253 

03-04 * < LOD 3.95 (3.23-4.91) 8.83 (6.56-12.5) 14.8 (11.9-20.0) 1061 

07-08 * < LOD 7.46 (6.27-9.03) 20.7 (17.5-25.5) 35.6 (28.7-39.1) 1088 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, and 07-08 are 0.58, 0.5, and 0.5 and 0.47 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OP-DPM_BiomonitoringSummary.html

89 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Dimethylphosphate (DMP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Several Organophosphorus Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * .810 (<LOD-1.15) 2.93 (2.11-3.92) 8.50 (6.96-10.4) 16.1 (13.3-17.6) 1949 

01-02 * < LOD 3.16 (2.69-3.59) 8.00 (7.12-9.28) 12.9 (11.5-15.0) 3016 

03-04 * < LOD 4.05 (3.50-5.15) 9.96 (8.78-11.2) 15.0 (13.0-18.1) 2491 

07-08 * < LOD 9.10 (8.08-10.2) 20.0 (18.0-24.2) 33.6 (28.8-40.2) 2591 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 1.71 (1.29-2.27) 1.38 (.890-2.38) 4.48 (2.88-7.89) 16.7 (8.21-21.2) 22.1 (19.2-30.1) 471 

01-02 * 1.93 (<LOD-2.97) 5.99 (4.32-8.28) 12.9 (9.34-18.5) 20.6 (13.3-34.8) 576 

03-04 * < LOD 6.87 (3.80-9.00) 13.9 (9.68-19.3) 19.6 (13.9-25.9) 310 

07-08 * < LOD 15.6 (10.8-21.6) 35.3 (27.6-39.2) 54.3 (36.5-67.1) 385 

12-19 years 99-00 * .590 (<LOD-.950) 2.28 (1.70-2.80) 7.78 (4.16-14.4) 16.0 (8.70-35.3) 664 

01-02 * .913 (<LOD-1.27) 3.29 (2.76-3.78) 6.29 (5.51-7.30) 9.83 (7.94-14.2) 821 

03-04 * 1.00 (<LOD-1.68) 4.16 (3.37-5.07) 8.81 (7.78-10.2) 12.7 (10.3-17.7) 715 

07-08 * < LOD 9.10 (5.62-10.9) 19.9 (15.5-22.5) 26.1 (19.8-27.2) 389 

20-59 years 99-00 * .760 (<LOD-1.12) 2.88 (1.89-3.99) 8.11 (5.89-10.3) 14.6 (10.4-16.8) 814 

01-02 * < LOD 2.55 (2.05-3.03) 6.92 (5.85-8.00) 11.5 (9.38-13.6) 1121 

03-04 * < LOD 3.77 (2.72-4.55) 8.78 (6.68-10.5) 13.5 (11.2-15.6) 937 

07-08 * < LOD 7.32 (6.02-8.62) 17.2 (13.0-20.0) 28.2 (19.3-40.7) 1180 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * .620 (<LOD-.940) 2.38 (1.86-3.18) 7.58 (4.64-11.6) 15.2 (9.74-19.5) 952 

01-02 * < LOD 2.77 (2.32-3.19) 7.06 (5.44-8.80) 11.2 (9.70-12.7) 1420 

03-04 * < LOD 3.27 (2.55-3.94) 8.58 (6.79-10.4) 12.5 (10.5-15.4) 1220 

07-08 * < LOD 7.08 (5.54-8.54) 17.5 (15.1-20.4) 28.0 (21.2-35.4) 1294 

Females 99-00 * 1.00 (<LOD-1.71) 3.63 (2.30-5.19) 9.12 (7.82-11.7) 16.4 (11.7-19.7) 997 

01-02 * < LOD 3.50 (2.86-4.49) 9.09 (7.83-10.8) 15.0 (12.5-17.8) 1596 

03-04 * 1.67 (<LOD-2.25) 5.28 (4.05-6.49) 11.2 (9.65-13.8) 18.1 (14.8-20.6) 1271 

07-08 * < LOD 10.7 (9.10-12.4) 24.3 (19.5-28.2) 38.6 (27.2-54.6) 1297 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * 1.06 (<LOD-1.55) 3.89 (2.54-5.45) 9.41 (7.69-11.5) 16.7 (11.7-23.6) 672 

01-02 * .947 (<LOD-1.35) 3.18 (2.54-3.80) 8.44 (6.24-10.9) 14.3 (11.4-16.2) 763 

03-04 * < LOD 4.16 (2.57-6.30) 12.3 (7.50-16.5) 18.8 (15.3-21.5) 609 

07-08 * < LOD 7.47 (5.57-9.46) 19.9 (16.8-24.7) 29.8 (24.7-33.4) 500 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .973 (.780-1.21) .690 (.530-1.06) 2.67 (1.89-3.77) 7.07 (5.09-11.4) 14.0 (10.6-19.1) 509 

01-02 * .851 (<LOD-1.34) 3.36 (2.68-4.22) 7.63 (6.35-9.18) 13.2 (10.1-14.9) 754 

03-04 * < LOD 3.70 (2.84-4.48) 7.52 (6.59-8.89) 12.7 (8.89-19.3) 630 

07-08 * < LOD 6.75 (4.80-8.65) 20.1 (15.5-25.1) 30.7 (24.2-37.7) 573 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD 3.15 (1.97-4.32) 8.73 (5.89-13.3) 15.8 (10.0-21.2) 595 

01-02 * < LOD 3.12 (2.50-3.76) 8.30 (6.91-10.0) 13.6 (11.2-16.9) 1253 

03-04 * < LOD 4.05 (3.49-5.64) 10.2 (8.83-11.8) 14.8 (12.1-19.2) 1060 

07-08 * < LOD 9.33 (7.92-10.8) 20.0 (17.5-24.2) 35.1 (27.2-43.9) 1088 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OP-DPM_BiomonitoringSummary.html

90 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Diethylthiophosphate (DETP) 

Metabolite of Several Organophosphorus Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * .500 (<LOD-.690) .760 (.620-1.10) 1.40 (1.10-1.80) 2.20 (1.70-2.80) 1949 

01-02 .484 (.381-.615) .630 (.450-.930) 1.53 (1.33-1.80) 2.57 (2.28-3.01) 3.94 (3.26-4.94) 3016 

03-04 * < LOD .830 (.710-.960) 1.83 (1.51-2.30) 3.00 (2.39-3.78) 2422 

07-08 * < LOD 1.00 (.880-1.16) 2.18 (1.75-2.75) 4.35 (2.95-6.01) 2590 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * .600 (<LOD-.810) .910 (.720-1.30) 1.70 (1.20-3.20) 3.20 (1.70-7.30) 471 

01-02 .453 (.350-.585) .550 (.350-.850) 1.58 (1.33-2.04) 2.75 (2.22-3.38) 4.08 (2.95-5.16) 575 

03-04 * < LOD .820 (.580-.970) 1.45 (1.05-2.16) 2.18 (1.45-4.13) 296 

07-08 * < LOD 1.18 (.990-1.42) 2.93 (2.06-5.58) 6.44 (2.87-13.2) 385 

12-19 years 99-00 * .210 (<LOD-.710) .780 (.600-1.20) 1.50 (1.20-2.30) 2.30 (1.60-4.30) 664 

01-02 .505 (.388-.657) .690 (.440-.960) 1.61 (1.32-1.94) 2.57 (2.23-3.39) 4.08 (2.73-5.86) 822 

03-04 * .260 (<LOD-.400) .930 (.750-1.13) 2.14 (1.75-2.89) 3.27 (2.69-4.83) 690 

07-08 * < LOD 1.04 (.880-1.45) 2.20 (1.58-3.11) 4.02 (2.16-7.07) 390 

20-59 years 99-00 * .490 (<LOD-.670) .740 (.600-.930) 1.30 (.990-1.80) 2.00 (1.50-2.60) 814 

01-02 .449 (.340-.592) .540 (.380-.880) 1.45 (1.19-1.79) 2.46 (2.11-3.17) 3.83 (2.96-5.34) 1122 

03-04 * < LOD .800 (.650-.960) 1.76 (1.37-2.32) 2.65 (2.31-3.89) 919 

07-08 * < LOD .930 (.780-1.22) 2.16 (1.68-2.76) 4.20 (2.76-5.92) 1179 

60 years and older 01-02 .662 (.571-.768) 1.00 (.740-1.14) 1.77 (1.50-2.10) 2.81 (2.44-3.46) 4.45 (2.93-8.31) 497 

03-04 * .310 (<LOD-.520) .890 (.740-1.05) 1.99 (1.52-2.67) 3.72 (2.19-6.81) 517 

07-08 * < LOD .980 (.860-1.16) 2.04 (1.60-3.01) 4.25 (2.76-5.40) 636 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * .510 (<LOD-.700) .790 (.680-1.10) 1.50 (1.20-2.20) 2.70 (1.90-4.10) 952 

01-02 .495 (.393-.623) .660 (.470-.900) 1.53 (1.37-1.82) 2.68 (2.28-3.34) 3.96 (3.07-5.85) 1419 

03-04 * .250 (<LOD-.380) .890 (.780-1.04) 2.20 (1.65-2.41) 3.15 (2.42-4.29) 1174 

07-08 * < LOD 1.03 (.890-1.25) 2.49 (1.82-3.29) 4.79 (3.44-5.92) 1293 

Females 99-00 * < LOD .720 (.570-1.00) 1.30 (.910-1.60) 1.70 (1.30-3.20) 997 

01-02 .474 (.360-.624) .620 (.410-.960) 1.51 (1.22-1.86) 2.49 (2.15-3.04) 3.94 (2.82-5.27) 1597 

03-04 * < LOD .770 (.600-.930) 1.59 (1.24-2.08) 2.67 (2.07-3.81) 1248 

07-08 * < LOD .960 (.840-1.14) 2.00 (1.60-2.50) 4.01 (2.41-6.59) 1297 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * .570 (<LOD-.780) .840 (.740-.980) 1.50 (1.20-1.90) 2.20 (2.00-2.90) 672 

01-02 .549 (.403-.749) .710 (.470-.960) 1.40 (1.04-1.97) 2.63 (2.06-3.14) 3.98 (2.75-5.21) 763 

03-04 * .250 (<LOD-.380) .970 (.720-1.52) 2.35 (1.69-3.83) 4.19 (2.38-8.80) 584 

07-08 * < LOD .970 (.830-1.15) 1.98 (1.60-2.65) 3.46 (2.78-4.46) 500 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .343 (.201-.584) .570 (<LOD-.750) .820 (.690-1.20) 1.80 (1.30-3.20) 3.60 (2.00-4.80) 509 

01-02 .755 (.589-.966) 1.17 (.740-1.46) 1.85 (1.73-1.99) 3.54 (2.95-3.87) 5.27 (3.89-6.74) 755 

03-04 .466 (.384-.564) .430 (.210-.710) 1.08 (.930-1.29) 2.32 (1.74-2.70) 3.25 (2.55-4.83) 605 

07-08 * < LOD 1.23 (.890-1.40) 2.85 (2.05-4.12) 4.81 (4.00-6.59) 574 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * .160 (<LOD-.700) .740 (.580-1.10) 1.30 (.960-1.90) 1.90 (1.50-2.80) 595 

01-02 .464 (.344-.626) .600 (.410-.950) 1.53 (1.27-1.83) 2.46 (2.15-3.17) 3.75 (2.82-5.54) 1252 

03-04 * < LOD .750 (.610-.890) 1.75 (1.33-2.20) 2.68 (2.20-3.78) 1044 

07-08 * < LOD .910 (.820-1.04) 1.80 (1.56-2.46) 3.52 (2.20-5.61) 1087 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, and 07-08 are 0.09, 0.1, and 0.2 and 0.56 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OP-DPM_BiomonitoringSummary.html

91 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Diethylthiophosphate (DETP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Several Organophosphorus Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * .250 (<LOD-.480) .710 (.460-1.07) 1.72 (1.17-2.32) 2.64 (2.08-3.06) 1949 

01-02 .496 (.388-.636) .569 (.403-.789) 1.42 (1.16-1.79) 3.11 (2.58-3.82) 4.88 (3.78-6.65) 3015 

03-04 * < LOD .740 (.667-.839) 1.59 (1.32-2.05) 2.87 (2.22-3.77) 2420 

07-08 * < LOD 1.24 (1.15-1.37) 2.46 (1.98-3.11) 3.92 (3.05-5.12) 2588 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * .470 (<LOD-.870) 1.08 (.800-1.32) 1.75 (1.44-2.36) 2.45 (2.04-5.32) 471 

01-02 .591 (.471-.742) .636 (.397-1.05) 1.63 (1.31-1.94) 3.22 (2.72-4.16) 5.70 (3.84-6.80) 575 

03-04 * < LOD .869 (.592-1.09) 1.57 (1.08-2.67) 2.67 (1.57-4.05) 296 

07-08 * < LOD 1.89 (1.32-2.09) 3.74 (2.46-5.55) 6.54 (3.49-16.0) 385 

12-19 years 99-00 * .180 (<LOD-.400) .510 (.320-.820) 1.07 (.720-1.61) 1.97 (1.07-3.92) 664 

01-02 .393 (.300-.515) .534 (.313-.735) 1.23 (.978-1.53) 2.19 (1.61-3.07) 3.14 (2.25-3.97) 821 

03-04 * .300 (<LOD-.354) .645 (.559-.734) 1.49 (1.16-1.60) 1.97 (1.57-2.43) 689 

07-08 * < LOD .902 (.692-1.15) 1.78 (1.15-3.32) 3.32 (1.68-5.48) 388 

20-59 years 99-00 * .250 (<LOD-.460) .680 (.440-1.08) 1.79 (1.08-2.39) 2.75 (2.02-3.22) 814 

01-02 .447 (.335-.597) .494 (.316-.742) 1.32 (.986-1.71) 2.87 (2.08-3.95) 4.69 (3.20-7.81) 1122 

03-04 * < LOD .700 (.550-.875) 1.47 (1.11-2.23) 2.82 (2.02-3.81) 918 

07-08 * < LOD 1.24 (1.09-1.40) 2.27 (1.79-3.07) 3.51 (2.59-4.78) 1179 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * .270 (<LOD-.470) .670 (.520-.840) 1.34 (1.08-2.17) 2.67 (1.67-3.23) 952 

01-02 .410 (.319-.526) .517 (.342-.721) 1.22 (1.02-1.41) 2.46 (1.71-3.18) 3.67 (2.70-4.71) 1419 

03-04 * .276 (<LOD-.326) .667 (.560-.804) 1.49 (1.15-1.91) 2.87 (1.74-3.72) 1173 

07-08 * < LOD 1.02 (.943-1.09) 1.94 (1.60-2.39) 3.22 (2.50-4.42) 1292 

Females 99-00 * < LOD .790 (.380-1.50) 1.89 (1.07-2.52) 2.52 (1.89-3.75) 997 

01-02 .597 (.457-.779) .647 (.423-.961) 1.77 (1.34-2.50) 3.82 (2.93-5.14) 6.57 (4.34-9.28) 1596 

03-04 * < LOD .821 (.700-.946) 1.76 (1.34-2.29) 3.02 (2.25-4.33) 1247 

07-08 * < LOD 1.47 (1.28-1.72) 2.86 (2.29-3.51) 4.48 (3.30-5.73) 1296 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * .330 (<LOD-.790) .830 (.550-1.20) 1.69 (1.20-2.43) 2.71 (1.75-3.78) 672 

01-02 .520 (.390-.693) .570 (.416-.824) 1.30 (1.05-1.74) 2.58 (1.82-3.72) 3.82 (2.77-6.43) 763 

03-04 * .329 (<LOD-.414) .824 (.555-1.22) 2.03 (1.26-3.63) 3.74 (2.47-6.18) 584 

07-08 * < LOD 1.20 (.989-1.32) 2.20 (1.83-2.86) 3.32 (2.59-5.11) 499 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .234 (.136-.403) .310 (<LOD-.580) .720 (.510-.850) 1.39 (1.03-2.10) 2.91 (1.49-4.24) 509 

01-02 .556 (.457-.676) .726 (.565-.938) 1.50 (1.34-1.70) 2.80 (2.35-3.30) 4.00 (3.29-4.99) 754 

03-04 .321 (.270-.381) .313 (.231-.407) .699 (.561-.831) 1.45 (1.09-1.75) 2.64 (1.71-3.64) 604 

07-08 * < LOD 1.07 (.880-1.21) 2.40 (1.85-2.89) 4.12 (3.19-5.67) 573 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * .230 (<LOD-.550) .710 (.390-1.22) 1.88 (1.05-2.58) 2.64 (2.08-3.07) 595 

01-02 .506 (.373-.687) .579 (.368-.850) 1.51 (1.18-2.00) 3.38 (2.64-4.35) 5.83 (3.95-7.81) 1252 

03-04 * < LOD .735 (.636-.848) 1.52 (1.20-2.07) 2.69 (2.07-3.97) 1043 

07-08 * < LOD 1.24 (1.07-1.39) 2.28 (1.71-3.30) 3.49 (2.56-4.60) 1087 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OP-DPM_BiomonitoringSummary.html

92 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP) 

Metabolite of Several Organophosphorus Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 1.82 (1.36-2.44) 2.70 (1.40-4.10) 11.0 (8.40-16.0) 38.0 (25.0-41.0) 48.0 (38.0-62.0) 1948 

01-02 * .580 (<LOD-1.45) 4.23 (3.10-5.88) 17.5 (13.0-22.7) 32.9 (27.2-45.3) 3016 

03-04 2.25 (1.98-2.56) 2.03 (1.73-2.37) 6.36 (5.11-7.34) 19.6 (16.2-21.5) 35.3 (27.4-45.3) 2494 

07-08 2.28 (1.97-2.64) 2.10 (1.77-2.44) 5.90 (4.94-7.01) 18.3 (13.5-23.0) 36.8 (27.8-45.7) 2591 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 2.72 (1.93-3.85) 4.20 (2.50-7.20) 20.0 (13.0-29.0) 40.0 (38.0-52.0) 62.0 (40.0-92.0) 471 

01-02 * 1.46 (.600-2.69) 8.33 (5.75-14.0) 28.4 (19.7-41.4) 45.7 (28.5-74.5) 575 

03-04 2.79 (2.25-3.45) 2.67 (1.81-3.88) 6.95 (5.64-8.58) 19.4 (10.5-27.4) 30.9 (19.4-76.5) 310 

07-08 3.43 (2.88-4.09) 3.50 (2.69-4.10) 9.90 (7.14-13.9) 32.0 (19.1-45.7) 52.5 (36.7-67.4) 385 

12-19 years 99-00 2.53 (1.64-3.92) 3.70 (1.70-6.80) 16.0 (11.0-31.0) 38.0 (33.0-58.0) 69.0 (38.0-260) 664 

01-02 * 1.04 (<LOD-2.12) 4.83 (3.35-6.48) 20.8 (12.2-27.9) 34.9 (23.6-54.7) 822 

03-04 2.21 (1.81-2.70) 1.83 (1.46-2.16) 5.91 (4.04-8.78) 18.7 (12.2-33.9) 47.1 (22.2-80.8) 717 

07-08 2.10 (1.68-2.61) 1.82 (1.53-2.31) 5.18 (3.55-7.48) 13.6 (8.16-27.9) 31.5 (12.4-54.5) 391 

20-59 years 99-00 1.59 (1.17-2.16) 2.30 (.830-3.80) 9.10 (7.10-13.0) 38.0 (19.0-39.0) 39.0 (38.0-58.0) 813 

01-02 * < LOD 3.32 (2.29-4.96) 13.6 (9.50-20.0) 30.0 (20.5-45.3) 1121 

03-04 1.98 (1.71-2.30) 1.78 (1.48-2.18) 5.11 (4.31-6.53) 16.7 (12.1-20.8) 28.5 (24.1-40.0) 938 

07-08 2.03 (1.68-2.46) 1.90 (1.46-2.39) 5.18 (4.24-6.09) 13.3 (10.4-19.2) 30.6 (21.4-44.6) 1179 

60 years and older 01-02 * .860 (<LOD-2.16) 5.85 (3.33-9.56) 19.6 (13.0-27.9) 32.9 (22.7-51.0) 498 

03-04 3.18 (2.47-4.08) 2.64 (2.16-3.81) 9.63 (6.32-15.5) 25.0 (15.5-45.3) 45.3 (20.9-119) 529 

07-08 2.91 (2.37-3.58) 2.57 (1.99-3.18) 9.19 (5.54-13.0) 26.2 (19.4-32.5) 42.7 (30.5-54.1) 636 

Gender 

Males 99-00 2.10 (1.48-2.98) 3.50 (2.20-4.80) 14.0 (8.00-24.0) 38.0 (21.0-49.0) 42.0 (38.0-53.0) 952 

01-02 * .690 (<LOD-1.52) 4.44 (3.32-6.48) 18.3 (12.7-25.6) 31.1 (25.0-43.3) 1420 

03-04 2.30 (1.95-2.70) 2.15 (1.70-2.53) 6.42 (4.90-7.75) 18.8 (13.3-22.5) 30.0 (23.3-45.3) 1221 

07-08 2.33 (2.00-2.71) 2.15 (1.85-2.50) 5.98 (4.78-7.26) 16.7 (11.8-24.7) 31.5 (21.2-48.9) 1293 

Females 99-00 1.59 (1.23-2.06) 2.00 (.690-3.60) 9.70 (7.30-14.0) 38.0 (26.0-39.0) 52.0 (38.0-110) 996 

01-02 * .430 (<LOD-1.45) 3.81 (2.68-5.85) 16.0 (10.9-22.7) 35.2 (25.0-46.1) 1596 

03-04 2.21 (1.92-2.55) 1.95 (1.68-2.29) 6.27 (4.93-7.39) 20.4 (16.4-24.0) 36.7 (27.7-47.8) 1273 

07-08 2.24 (1.88-2.66) 1.99 (1.57-2.52) 5.85 (4.92-7.31) 18.7 (13.4-26.0) 37.7 (27.0-50.1) 1298 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 1.79 (1.05-3.05) 2.00 (.530-4.40) 11.0 (6.70-17.0) 39.0 (32.0-62.0) 140 (46.0-230) 671 

01-02 * < LOD 3.93 (3.05-5.06) 15.1 (11.1-19.1) 35.6 (22.7-46.0) 763 

03-04 2.41 (1.88-3.09) 2.54 (1.41-3.98) 6.43 (4.90-8.02) 17.2 (12.0-22.3) 28.9 (19.2-39.8) 610 

07-08 2.10 (1.83-2.42) 1.98 (1.63-2.31) 5.18 (4.17-6.61) 13.6 (11.5-20.0) 31.0 (20.0-43.5) 501 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 2.13 (1.57-2.88) 3.60 (2.10-4.70) 12.0 (8.80-18.0) 38.0 (20.0-41.0) 41.0 (37.0-110) 509 

01-02 1.54 (1.15-2.07) 1.18 (.580-1.97) 5.21 (3.11-8.25) 20.0 (13.4-27.2) 39.1 (25.9-62.8) 755 

03-04 2.13 (1.83-2.48) 1.85 (1.65-2.20) 5.44 (3.87-8.28) 20.4 (15.8-24.9) 31.1 (24.9-51.9) 631 

07-08 2.12 (1.89-2.38) 1.97 (1.64-2.26) 5.63 (4.15-6.94) 20.8 (12.9-23.9) 33.5 (26.3-47.6) 573 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 1.77 (1.23-2.53) 2.70 (.830-4.40) 11.0 (7.50-17.0) 38.0 (17.0-53.0) 48.0 (38.0-69.0) 595 

01-02 * .540 (<LOD-1.71) 4.21 (2.77-6.48) 18.8 (10.9-25.4) 33.1 (26.6-46.5) 1252 

03-04 2.31 (2.00-2.66) 2.07 (1.73-2.41) 6.51 (5.12-7.85) 19.8 (15.4-23.3) 36.7 (27.4-47.8) 1061 

07-08 2.22 (1.83-2.69) 1.96 (1.57-2.48) 5.84 (4.70-7.68) 17.1 (12.4-24.3) 37.3 (25.9-48.7) 1088 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, and 07-08 are 0.18, 0.4, and 0.5 and 0.55 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OP-DPM_BiomonitoringSummary.html

93 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Several Organophosphorus Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 1.64 (1.22-2.20) 2.12 (1.22-3.35) 9.57 (6.59-15.8) 32.0 (23.9-41.1) 51.0 (39.0-70.1) 1948 

01-02 * .933 (<LOD-1.40) 4.08 (2.65-6.06) 14.6 (11.5-20.5) 28.9 (24.7-39.4) 3015 

03-04 2.21 (1.92-2.55) 1.98 (1.69-2.38) 5.96 (5.07-7.16) 19.1 (14.8-22.4) 32.6 (25.8-41.9) 2491 

07-08 2.34 (2.05-2.66) 2.00 (1.77-2.31) 5.91 (4.88-7.09) 17.5 (13.9-23.2) 33.7 (25.7-45.9) 2589 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 2.95 (2.25-3.86) 5.32 (3.75-6.33) 19.1 (12.2-28.0) 47.0 (32.1-60.3) 66.1 (50.9-95.0) 471 

01-02 * 2.16 (1.32-3.12) 10.6 (7.84-13.6) 28.7 (18.8-45.0) 48.1 (33.4-71.1) 575 

03-04 3.40 (2.70-4.28) 3.41 (2.40-4.17) 7.91 (6.43-12.2) 25.2 (16.7-34.2) 36.1 (25.4-67.7) 310 

07-08 4.35 (3.78-5.01) 4.26 (3.36-4.75) 14.1 (9.35-16.6) 32.8 (23.8-45.4) 51.3 (41.1-77.9) 385 

12-19 years 99-00 1.71 (1.07-2.75) 2.14 (.890-4.83) 13.5 (6.46-22.6) 36.0 (25.6-51.4) 61.5 (41.7-109) 664 

01-02 * .933 (<LOD-1.57) 3.56 (2.38-5.57) 12.2 (8.96-16.0) 22.5 (13.2-34.7) 821 

03-04 1.66 (1.37-2.03) 1.52 (1.19-1.82) 4.38 (3.29-5.66) 13.3 (9.94-20.5) 26.5 (15.5-36.0) 715 

07-08 1.62 (1.27-2.06) 1.46 (1.19-1.74) 4.14 (3.12-5.52) 11.1 (5.52-20.5) 20.5 (9.61-32.2) 389 

20-59 years 99-00 1.47 (1.07-2.02) 1.90 (.870-3.11) 8.09 (5.19-14.6) 27.0 (19.8-37.6) 47.5 (34.2-70.1) 813 

01-02 * < LOD 3.16 (1.99-4.62) 11.9 (7.79-17.2) 25.2 (15.9-37.0) 1121 

03-04 1.88 (1.61-2.19) 1.67 (1.45-1.94) 4.88 (4.20-5.68) 13.9 (10.3-19.7) 30.3 (19.7-38.2) 937 

07-08 2.02 (1.73-2.36) 1.79 (1.52-2.05) 4.53 (3.90-5.90) 13.2 (9.47-17.2) 26.7 (17.1-41.8) 1179 

Gender 

Males 99-00 1.61 (1.11-2.34) 2.39 (1.27-3.51) 9.27 (6.00-16.9) 28.9 (19.0-40.4) 41.1 (34.9-52.9) 952 

01-02 * .778 (<LOD-1.14) 3.82 (2.65-4.98) 13.6 (10.0-17.8) 25.2 (17.2-37.6) 1420 

03-04 1.88 (1.58-2.23) 1.76 (1.51-2.12) 4.87 (3.87-6.31) 14.4 (9.18-20.4) 25.7 (17.7-36.9) 1220 

07-08 1.93 (1.68-2.21) 1.62 (1.42-1.94) 4.36 (3.77-5.50) 14.2 (10.4-17.7) 25.9 (18.2-39.7) 1292 

Females 99-00 1.66 (1.26-2.18) 2.01 (.870-3.33) 10.0 (6.67-16.2) 34.9 (26.2-47.1) 70.1 (39.0-118) 996 

01-02 * 1.08 (<LOD-1.65) 4.44 (2.55-7.02) 17.4 (11.9-24.8) 38.0 (27.4-51.6) 1595 

03-04 2.60 (2.23-3.02) 2.24 (1.83-2.63) 7.11 (5.54-10.2) 22.8 (18.9-28.7) 41.6 (29.2-58.9) 1271 

07-08 2.81 (2.40-3.29) 2.50 (2.07-2.93) 7.40 (5.83-8.83) 21.9 (16.7-27.4) 41.2 (27.4-60.8) 1297 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 1.60 (.899-2.86) 1.83 (.680-4.23) 10.4 (5.95-16.9) 37.0 (23.1-63.1) 112 (40.5-190) 671 

01-02 * < LOD 3.55 (2.65-4.68) 13.8 (9.88-22.9) 30.4 (22.9-47.2) 763 

03-04 2.20 (1.65-2.94) 2.24 (1.70-3.00) 5.95 (4.14-8.68) 15.7 (10.7-20.1) 24.5 (18.9-36.9) 609 

07-08 2.14 (1.92-2.38) 1.88 (1.61-2.22) 4.84 (4.08-6.48) 13.2 (10.0-18.6) 26.2 (18.6-34.1) 500 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 1.45 (1.03-2.06) 1.75 (1.17-3.06) 8.48 (4.36-13.4) 25.5 (15.4-39.3) 54.4 (25.5-97.6) 509 

01-02 1.13 (.889-1.44) 1.00 (.693-1.23) 3.62 (2.29-5.41) 12.4 (9.17-17.5) 23.3 (17.4-43.1) 754 

03-04 1.46 (1.28-1.67) 1.22 (1.06-1.37) 3.90 (2.77-5.34) 12.7 (8.09-18.7) 26.0 (14.6-38.7) 630 

07-08 1.61 (1.45-1.80) 1.38 (1.22-1.61) 4.26 (3.41-5.20) 14.7 (10.7-18.8) 27.5 (20.9-37.4) 572 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 1.68 (1.16-2.43) 2.22 (.870-3.51) 9.40 (5.58-17.0) 33.3 (20.6-49.4) 52.9 (39.0-71.1) 595 

01-02 * .966 (<LOD-1.61) 4.22 (2.41-7.00) 15.9 (11.6-24.1) 33.1 (24.8-45.4) 1252 

03-04 2.40 (2.05-2.81) 2.12 (1.75-2.53) 6.27 (5.10-8.10) 20.0 (15.3-25.7) 36.2 (25.7-52.7) 1060 

07-08 2.40 (1.99-2.90) 2.04 (1.67-2.57) 6.00 (4.64-7.49) 16.9 (13.0-25.3) 37.6 (23.1-54.2) 1088 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OP-DPM_BiomonitoringSummary.html

94 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP) 

Metabolite of Several Organophosphorus Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * .090 (<LOD-.140) .210 (.140-.290) .470 (.380-.640) .870 (.640-1.10) 1949 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .610 (.410-.780) .890 (.710-1.32) 3013 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .290 (.160-.510) 2494 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2585 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * .090 (<LOD-.160) .190 (.130-.280) .430 (.300-.650) .850 (.470-1.00) 471 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .630 (<LOD-.870) .940 (.690-1.42) 576 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .540 (<LOD-.650) 310 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 383 

12-19 years 99-00 * .080 (<LOD-.180) .260 (.120-.350) .640 (.420-.840) .930 (.720-1.30) 664 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .560 (<LOD-.730) .820 (.610-.990) 822 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .150 (<LOD-.350) .450 (.370-.570) 717 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 390 

20-59 years 99-00 * .090 (<LOD-.130) .210 (.130-.290) .450 (.360-.640) .900 (.610-1.10) 814 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .620 (.430-.760) .830 (.700-1.32) 1118 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .220 (<LOD-.580) 938 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1176 

60 years and older 01-02 * < LOD < LOD .630 (<LOD-1.08) 1.11 (.610-1.41) 497 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .150 (<LOD-.550) 529 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 636 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * .090 (<LOD-.150) .220 (.140-.310) .490 (.380-.680) .870 (.680-1.10) 952 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .600 (<LOD-.740) .780 (.700-1.03) 1420 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .390 (.160-.540) 1221 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1290 

Females 99-00 * .090 (<LOD-.130) .190 (.110-.310) .460 (.320-.840) .870 (.440-1.40) 997 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .660 (.460-.880) 1.03 (.700-1.47) 1593 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .230 (<LOD-.600) 1273 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1295 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .130 (.099-.171) .100 (.050-.200) .310 (.230-.390) .650 (.530-.860) 1.10 (.860-1.60) 672 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .720 (.410-1.12) 1.12 (.700-1.58) 763 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .110 (<LOD-.680) .680 (.180-1.15) 610 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 495 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .117 (.084-.162) .090 (<LOD-.230) .270 (.140-.410) .560 (.400-.830) .870 (.650-1.20) 509 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .620 (.440-.800) .810 (.670-.930) 754 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .250 (.110-.540) 631 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 574 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * .080 (<LOD-.160) .190 (.120-.290) .450 (.310-.720) .870 (.510-1.30) 595 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .610 (<LOD-.800) .910 (.660-1.41) 1252 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .240 (.120-.540) 1061 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1087 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, and 07-08 are 0.05, 0.39, and 0.1 and 0.39 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OP-DPM_BiomonitoringSummary.html

95 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Several Organophosphorus Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * .070 (<LOD-.110) .200 (.140-.290) .550 (.390-.700) .860 (.670-1.14) 1949 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .604 (.389-.783) 1.08 (.768-1.52) 3012 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .412 (.350-.507) 2491 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2583 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * .100 (<LOD-.140) .190 (.150-.270) .570 (.410-.760) 1.03 (.570-1.58) 471 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .778 (<LOD-1.12) 1.36 (1.02-1.86) 576 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .475 (<LOD-.967) 310 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 383 

12-19 years 99-00 * .050 (<LOD-.080) .170 (.100-.220) .440 (.230-.730) .730 (.380-1.09) 664 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .359 (<LOD-.537) .667 (.375-.987) 821 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .226 (<LOD-.259) .333 (.241-.600) 715 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 388 

20-59 years 99-00 * .080 (<LOD-.110) .210 (.140-.310) .550 (.360-.730) .860 (.650-1.20) 814 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .583 (.379-.740) 1.03 (.699-1.60) 1118 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .400 (<LOD-.537) 937 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1176 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * .070 (<LOD-.110) .190 (.140-.230) .410 (.340-.500) .720 (.520-.940) 952 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .389 (<LOD-.658) .768 (.637-1.01) 1420 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .339 (.269-.412) 1220 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1289 

Females 99-00 * .090 (<LOD-.120) .220 (.140-.360) .670 (.410-.870) .890 (.660-1.62) 997 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .733 (.527-1.03) 1.27 (.868-2.37) 1592 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .500 (<LOD-.604) 1271 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1294 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .116 (.084-.161) .090 (.060-.170) .300 (.190-.410) .810 (.570-.990) 1.19 (.860-2.66) 672 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .845 (.487-1.24) 1.29 (.901-1.67) 763 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .318 (<LOD-.467) .579 (.404-.940) 609 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 494 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .080 (.057-.111) .070 (<LOD-.110) .170 (.110-.280) .450 (.300-.580) .700 (.500-1.02) 509 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .456 (.362-.593) .769 (.541-1.07) 753 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .269 (.196-.368) 630 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 573 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * .070 (<LOD-.120) .200 (.140-.310) .560 (.380-.730) .880 (.600-1.38) 595 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .583 (<LOD-.868) 1.14 (.682-1.70) 1252 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .389 (.333-.523) 1060 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1087 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OP-DPM_BiomonitoringSummary.html

96 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP) 

Metabolite of Several Organophosphorus Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD 2.30 (1.30-3.90) 13.0 (5.00-17.0) 19.0 (17.0-38.0) 1949 

01-02 * < LOD .920 (.330-1.30) 2.61 (2.04-3.45) 5.96 (4.41-7.90) 3015 

03-04 * < LOD .700 (.570-.920) 2.54 (1.64-3.87) 5.74 (3.63-9.85) 2458 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 2.37 (1.93-2.93) 5.60 (4.62-6.79) 2571 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 .691 (.425-1.12) .740 (.080-1.80) 4.30 (2.40-8.60) 17.0 (6.90-37.0) 32.0 (17.0-44.0) 471 

01-02 * < LOD 1.30 (.750-2.11) 3.53 (2.20-4.50) 7.33 (4.32-9.74) 575 

03-04 * < LOD .900 (.620-1.14) 2.94 (1.14-5.48) 5.48 (2.94-8.53) 306 

07-08 * < LOD .950 (<LOD-1.48) 3.80 (2.45-5.70) 6.66 (5.11-9.64) 379 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD 2.30 (1.40-4.50) 13.0 (5.40-20.0) 20.0 (17.0-38.0) 664 

01-02 * < LOD .830 (.400-1.14) 2.52 (1.85-3.07) 4.63 (3.59-5.83) 821 

03-04 * < LOD .580 (.350-.770) 1.46 (1.12-1.99) 2.67 (1.82-4.49) 699 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.45 (.810-2.03) 2.45 (1.65-3.93) 384 

20-59 years 99-00 * < LOD 2.10 (.840-3.60) 11.0 (4.00-17.0) 17.0 (7.70-50.0) 814 

01-02 * < LOD .840 (<LOD-1.31) 2.32 (1.70-3.40) 4.90 (2.90-9.52) 1122 

03-04 * < LOD .610 (.350-.800) 2.00 (1.36-3.63) 5.07 (3.62-8.62) 925 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.84 (1.34-2.32) 4.27 (2.84-6.79) 1172 

60 years and older 01-02 * < LOD 1.02 (.540-1.37) 3.57 (2.58-5.96) 8.16 (5.04-16.1) 497 

03-04 * < LOD 1.39 (.720-2.34) 4.09 (2.35-13.4) 13.4 (3.36-33.3) 528 

07-08 * < LOD 1.03 (<LOD-1.99) 5.47 (4.31-6.33) 8.89 (6.33-12.2) 636 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * .110 (<LOD-.610) 2.30 (1.20-4.90) 16.0 (5.70-17.0) 19.0 (17.0-38.0) 952 

01-02 * < LOD .890 (.370-1.28) 2.59 (1.88-3.41) 5.96 (4.47-7.86) 1420 

03-04 * < LOD .680 (.360-1.01) 2.26 (1.14-4.45) 5.30 (3.20-10.2) 1209 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 2.38 (1.76-3.70) 5.70 (3.80-10.0) 1278 

Females 99-00 * < LOD 2.20 (1.10-3.90) 11.0 (4.20-17.0) 20.0 (13.0-40.0) 997 

01-02 * < LOD .960 (.250-1.37) 2.61 (1.96-3.68) 5.72 (3.79-9.87) 1595 

03-04 * < LOD .730 (.590-.970) 2.83 (1.99-3.96) 6.15 (3.91-11.3) 1249 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 2.34 (1.79-3.12) 5.54 (4.06-6.69) 1293 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * .250 (<LOD-.870) 1.90 (1.10-3.00) 5.80 (4.10-9.70) 12.0 (5.90-28.0) 672 

01-02 * < LOD 1.08 (.780-1.38) 2.80 (2.19-3.54) 4.93 (3.73-7.42) 763 

03-04 * < LOD .730 (.360-1.21) 2.11 (1.38-3.15) 5.26 (2.31-6.94) 610 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.63 (1.18-2.12) 3.88 (2.12-6.07) 491 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * .330 (<LOD-1.20) 3.20 (1.40-7.00) 14.0 (5.70-30.0) 19.0 (17.0-39.0) 509 

01-02 * < LOD .640 (<LOD-1.41) 1.96 (1.36-4.15) 4.42 (2.68-8.38) 755 

03-04 * < LOD .590 (.310-.730) 1.77 (1.05-3.33) 4.77 (2.75-7.80) 604 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 2.04 (1.54-2.65) 4.27 (2.66-7.79) 568 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD 2.00 (.800-4.00) 13.0 (3.90-20.0) 20.0 (16.0-40.0) 595 

01-02 * < LOD 1.01 (.180-1.43) 2.74 (1.94-4.18) 6.72 (4.88-8.54) 1252 

03-04 * < LOD .740 (.540-1.04) 2.66 (1.55-4.56) 5.89 (3.63-11.6) 1056 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 2.32 (1.75-3.28) 5.60 (4.46-6.88) 1087 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, and 07-08 are 0.08, 0.1, and 0.1 and 0.51 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OP-DPM_BiomonitoringSummary.html

97 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Several Organophosphorus Insecticides 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD 1.88 (.970-3.86) 10.1 (5.31-18.3) 21.7 (12.8-33.7) 1949 

01-02 * < LOD .717 (.389-1.12) 2.80 (2.21-3.96) 6.84 (4.96-8.09) 3014 

03-04 * < LOD .572 (.411-.772) 2.62 (1.72-4.12) 6.40 (3.85-9.75) 2455 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 2.63 (2.17-3.08) 6.12 (4.15-8.24) 2569 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 .748 (.474-1.18) .790 (.190-1.60) 4.07 (2.31-7.18) 16.2 (8.22-27.0) 30.8 (20.2-38.9) 471 

01-02 * < LOD 1.36 (.805-2.31) 4.10 (2.67-6.24) 6.98 (4.40-12.8) 575 

03-04 * < LOD .962 (.584-1.57) 3.39 (2.29-6.15) 7.12 (4.48-7.55) 306 

07-08 * < LOD 1.50 (<LOD-1.95) 4.35 (3.05-6.59) 8.01 (4.75-12.9) 379 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD 1.52 (.620-3.47) 9.48 (4.04-16.8) 21.5 (9.48-42.3) 664 

01-02 * < LOD .543 (.306-.773) 2.02 (1.49-2.40) 3.13 (2.51-4.67) 820 

03-04 * < LOD .361 (.241-.584) 1.02 (.628-1.57) 2.46 (1.33-3.39) 697 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.16 (.782-1.85) 1.94 (1.39-3.79) 382 

20-59 years 99-00 * < LOD 1.71 (.850-3.56) 8.50 (4.00-19.1) 20.5 (8.57-40.7) 814 

01-02 * < LOD .605 (<LOD-1.05) 2.56 (1.64-4.03) 6.33 (3.96-8.17) 1122 

03-04 * < LOD .451 (.340-.583) 2.17 (1.10-3.64) 5.71 (2.47-10.1) 924 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.99 (1.80-2.32) 4.15 (2.77-6.77) 1172 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * .150 (<LOD-.370) 1.79 (.840-3.97) 11.0 (4.62-17.4) 18.1 (7.51-44.7) 952 

01-02 * < LOD .628 (.333-.850) 2.39 (1.75-3.13) 5.37 (4.23-7.29) 1420 

03-04 * < LOD .467 (.280-.743) 2.03 (.990-3.56) 5.38 (2.29-8.25) 1208 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.89 (1.44-2.71) 4.92 (2.77-8.44) 1277 

Females 99-00 * < LOD 2.06 (.940-4.00) 9.30 (4.96-25.5) 27.0 (9.66-47.5) 997 

01-02 * < LOD .831 (.412-1.50) 3.35 (2.50-4.96) 7.81 (5.29-11.9) 1594 

03-04 * < LOD .680 (.538-.887) 3.59 (2.41-5.18) 7.12 (4.13-13.1) 1247 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 3.05 (2.44-4.00) 7.18 (4.22-11.1) 1292 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * .270 (<LOD-.660) 1.35 (.860-2.53) 6.55 (3.83-11.8) 16.7 (6.25-38.8) 672 

01-02 * < LOD .833 (.589-1.15) 2.72 (2.05-3.32) 5.16 (3.69-7.83) 763 

03-04 * < LOD .651 (.318-1.09) 2.04 (1.10-3.74) 4.50 (2.17-5.88) 609 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.97 (1.50-2.77) 4.30 (2.77-6.92) 490 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * .250 (<LOD-.700) 2.40 (.690-5.44) 9.41 (4.81-17.8) 17.9 (11.5-40.7) 509 

01-02 * < LOD .403 (<LOD-.847) 1.69 (.793-3.50) 3.50 (2.19-5.91) 754 

03-04 * < LOD .343 (.242-.477) 1.07 (.727-1.84) 3.21 (1.45-6.07) 603 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.79 (1.38-2.31) 4.27 (2.44-6.16) 567 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD 1.77 (.780-4.02) 11.4 (4.07-21.5) 21.5 (11.4-34.8) 595 

01-02 * < LOD .787 (.389-1.37) 3.42 (2.48-5.24) 7.75 (5.80-9.47) 1252 

03-04 * < LOD .631 (.412-.897) 3.06 (1.75-5.84) 6.74 (4.42-12.0) 1055 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 2.74 (2.12-3.58) 5.92 (4.00-9.71) 1087 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OP-DPM_BiomonitoringSummary.html

98 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Antimony 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .132 (.120-.145) .130 (.120-.150) .220 (.200-.230) .330 (.300-.350) .430 (.390-.470) 2276 

01-02 .134 (.126-.142) .130 (.130-.140) .190 (.180-.200) .270 (.250-.310) .350 (.320-.400) 2690 

03-04 * .080 (<LOD-.090) .130 (.120-.150) .200 (.190-.220) .280 (.250-.320) 2558 

05-06 .073 (.066-.081) .070 (.070-.080) .120 (.110-.140) .220 (.180-.250) .300 (.270-.360) 2576 

07-08 .061 (.057-.066) .060 (.060-.060) .100 (.090-.110) .170 (.140-.200) .240 (.220-.260) 2627 

09-10 .056 (.053-.059) .050 (.050-.060) .090 (.090-.100) .170 (.140-.180) .230 (.200-.280) 2847 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 .176 (.154-.200) .190 (.160-.210) .260 (.230-.280) .350 (.300-.400) .440 (.320-.600) 316 

01-02 .146 (.134-.160) .150 (.130-.160) .200 (.180-.210) .270 (.240-.330) .340 (.280-.440) 368 

03-04 .099 (.087-.114) .100 (.070-.120) .160 (.120-.200) .240 (.190-.310) .310 (.230-.330) 290 

05-06 .075 (.063-.088) .080 (.060-.090) .110 (.090-.130) .190 (.120-.260) .240 (.170-.340) 355 

07-08 .068 (.061-.077) .070 (.060-.080) .110 (.090-.130) .170 (.150-.210) .230 (.180-.280) 394 

09-10 .069 (.061-.079) .070 (.060-.080) .120 (.100-.150) .220 (.150-.260) .260 (.230-.350) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .158 (.141-.178) .170 (.150-.180) .240 (.210-.270) .350 (.290-.420) .460 (.350-.510) 663 

01-02 .169 (.156-.184) .160 (.150-.180) .240 (.220-.260) .350 (.320-.410) .460 (.400-.500) 762 

03-04 .105 (.095-.115) .100 (.090-.120) .150 (.140-.160) .230 (.200-.270) .290 (.250-.370) 725 

05-06 .092 (.083-.101) .090 (.080-.100) .140 (.130-.160) .240 (.200-.270) .280 (.250-.320) 701 

07-08 .079 (.069-.091) .080 (.070-.090) .130 (.110-.140) .210 (.150-.230) .230 (.210-.340) 376 

09-10 .063 (.056-.071) .060 (.050-.070) .100 (.090-.120) .180 (.150-.210) .270 (.180-.370) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .123 (.112-.137) .120 (.110-.130) .200 (.180-.220) .310 (.290-.350) .430 (.390-.470) 1297 

01-02 .128 (.119-.136) .130 (.120-.130) .180 (.170-.190) .250 (.220-.300) .330 (.280-.390) 1560 

03-04 * .070 (<LOD-.080) .120 (.100-.140) .190 (.170-.210) .270 (.220-.320) 1543 

05-06 .070 (.064-.078) .070 (.060-.080) .120 (.110-.140) .220 (.180-.270) .320 (.260-.420) 1520 

07-08 .058 (.054-.062) .060 (.050-.060) .090 (.090-.100) .160 (.130-.190) .240 (.210-.270) 1857 

09-10 .054 (.051-.057) .050 (.050-.050) .090 (.080-.090) .150 (.140-.180) .220 (.190-.270) 2018 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .143 (.131-.157) .150 (.130-.160) .240 (.220-.260) .350 (.330-.390) .470 (.390-.570) 1132 

01-02 .145 (.136-.154) .140 (.130-.150) .200 (.190-.210) .310 (.280-.330) .390 (.350-.440) 1335 

03-04 .095 (.088-.103) .090 (.080-.100) .140 (.130-.160) .220 (.200-.250) .320 (.270-.350) 1281 

05-06 .085 (.076-.095) .080 (.080-.090) .140 (.120-.160) .250 (.210-.290) .350 (.260-.460) 1271 

07-08 .068 (.062-.076) .070 (.060-.070) .110 (.100-.120) .210 (.170-.230) .280 (.230-.340) 1327 

09-10 .060 (.055-.065) .060 (.050-.070) .100 (.090-.110) .170 (.150-.200) .250 (.200-.290) 1397 

Females 99-00 .122 (.109-.137) .120 (.110-.140) .200 (.180-.220) .300 (.280-.340) .400 (.350-.460) 1144 

01-02 .125 (.117-.133) .120 (.120-.130) .180 (.160-.190) .240 (.220-.280) .320 (.260-.360) 1355 

03-04 * < LOD .120 (.090-.140) .180 (.150-.220) .230 (.190-.330) 1277 

05-06 .063 (.057-.071) .060 (.050-.070) .100 (.090-.120) .180 (.150-.230) .270 (.200-.330) 1305 

07-08 .055 (.052-.058) .050 (.050-.060) .090 (.080-.100) .130 (.120-.150) .200 (.170-.230) 1300 

09-10 .052 (.049-.056) .050 (.040-.050) .090 (.080-.090) .150 (.130-.170) .220 (.190-.270) 1450 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.04, 0.04, 0.07, 0.032, 0.032, and 0.032 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Antimony_BiomonitoringSummary.html

99 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Antimony 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .132 (.108-.161) .140 (.120-.170) .210 (.180-.240) .300 (.260-.390) .430 (.330-.560) 787 

01-02 .142 (.130-.154) .130 (.130-.150) .200 (.170-.230) .260 (.240-.320) .360 (.300-.400) 683 

03-04 .093 (.079-.110) .090 (<LOD-.120) .140 (.120-.160) .190 (.160-.260) .270 (.210-.330) 618 

05-06 .093 (.082-.105) .090 (.080-.100) .150 (.140-.170) .250 (.210-.340) .470 (.270-.850) 652 

07-08 .069 (.060-.079) .070 (.060-.080) .110 (.100-.120) .190 (.150-.250) .270 (.220-.390) 515 

09-10 .063 (.060-.067) .060 (.060-.070) .110 (.090-.120) .170 (.150-.200) .250 (.200-.270) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .175 (.148-.207) .180 (.150-.200) .260 (.230-.300) .400 (.310-.490) .490 (.410-.710) 554 

01-02 .180 (.164-.197) .170 (.160-.190) .250 (.220-.280) .360 (.320-.410) .460 (.370-.530) 667 

03-04 .108 (.098-.119) .110 (.100-.120) .160 (.150-.190) .230 (.200-.280) .310 (.250-.360) 723 

05-06 .088 (.077-.100) .090 (.080-.100) .140 (.130-.170) .210 (.190-.250) .280 (.240-.320) 692 

07-08 .085 (.079-.092) .080 (.080-.090) .130 (.120-.140) .210 (.180-.250) .290 (.250-.370) 589 

09-10 .073 (.065-.081) .070 (.060-.080) .120 (.110-.140) .190 (.160-.250) .280 (.220-.350) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .128 (.115-.144) .130 (.110-.140) .210 (.190-.230) .330 (.280-.350) .400 (.360-.500) 768 

01-02 .126 (.117-.135) .130 (.120-.130) .180 (.170-.190) .250 (.230-.300) .340 (.310-.390) 1132 

03-04 * .070 (<LOD-.080) .130 (.110-.140) .190 (.170-.210) .280 (.230-.320) 1074 

05-06 .069 (.062-.077) .070 (.060-.080) .110 (.100-.130) .210 (.170-.260) .300 (.240-.380) 1041 

07-08 .057 (.052-.063) .060 (.050-.060) .090 (.080-.110) .150 (.130-.200) .230 (.190-.260) 1095 

09-10 .053 (.050-.057) .050 (.040-.050) .090 (.080-.090) .160 (.130-.190) .230 (.190-.280) 1225 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.04, 0.04, 0.07, 0.032, 0.032, and 0.032 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Antimony_BiomonitoringSummary.html

100 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Antimony (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .124 (.108-.143) .119 (.102-.143) .185 (.164-.214) .276 (.233-.333) .385 (.333-.430) 2276 

01-02 .126 (.119-.134) .120 (.115-.126) .173 (.162-.188) .267 (.242-.300) .364 (.320-.414) 2689 

03-04 * .080 (<LOD-.086) .135 (.119-.143) .208 (.192-.230) .277 (.250-.294) 2558 

05-06 .072 (.068-.077) .070 (.060-.070) .100 (.100-.110) .160 (.150-.190) .230 (.190-.290) 2576 

07-08 .064 (.060-.068) .060 (.060-.060) .090 (.080-.100) .140 (.140-.160) .200 (.170-.230) 2627 

09-10 .060 (.056-.064) .060 (.050-.060) .090 (.080-.090) .140 (.120-.160) .200 (.180-.230) 2847 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 .191 (.147-.248) .185 (.156-.220) .250 (.200-.417) .447 (.271-.741) .741 (.333-1.30) 316 

01-02 .178 (.159-.200) .173 (.150-.193) .228 (.200-.272) .338 (.265-.480) .471 (.313-.727) 368 

03-04 .116 (.103-.130) .118 (.098-.136) .167 (.146-.187) .256 (.194-.317) .333 (.250-.500) 290 

05-06 .092 (.081-.104) .090 (.080-.110) .130 (.110-.150) .180 (.150-.210) .220 (.180-.270) 355 

07-08 .089 (.079-.100) .090 (.070-.100) .120 (.110-.140) .200 (.150-.240) .300 (.200-.370) 394 

09-10 .094 (.084-.106) .090 (.080-.100) .140 (.120-.160) .200 (.170-.250) .280 (.220-.320) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .121 (.104-.140) .120 (.095-.146) .176 (.146-.207) .259 (.206-.310) .310 (.228-.421) 663 

01-02 .121 (.112-.131) .115 (.106-.127) .160 (.138-.186) .224 (.199-.245) .266 (.244-.310) 762 

03-04 .075 (.068-.082) .068 (.061-.077) .100 (.092-.113) .156 (.126-.173) .193 (.172-.255) 725 

05-06 .070 (.065-.076) .070 (.060-.080) .100 (.090-.110) .140 (.120-.150) .170 (.150-.250) 701 

07-08 .062 (.054-.070) .060 (.050-.070) .090 (.070-.100) .120 (.100-.160) .160 (.110-.240) 376 

09-10 .059 (.053-.066) .060 (.050-.060) .090 (.070-.100) .130 (.110-.170) .180 (.150-.220) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .118 (.104-.135) .111 (.097-.135) .175 (.149-.209) .263 (.227-.320) .352 (.320-.391) 1297 

01-02 .122 (.115-.129) .115 (.108-.121) .167 (.153-.181) .265 (.241-.300) .364 (.318-.405) 1559 

03-04 * .079 (<LOD-.087) .135 (.116-.145) .209 (.195-.233) .278 (.250-.294) 1543 

05-06 .070 (.066-.075) .060 (.060-.070) .100 (.090-.110) .170 (.150-.190) .250 (.190-.300) 1520 

07-08 .062 (.058-.066) .060 (.050-.060) .090 (.080-.100) .140 (.130-.160) .200 (.160-.240) 1857 

09-10 .057 (.053-.061) .050 (.050-.060) .080 (.080-.090) .130 (.120-.140) .190 (.160-.220) 2018 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .112 (.099-.127) .109 (.095-.127) .164 (.146-.181) .226 (.204-.268) .320 (.235-.391) 1132 

01-02 .114 (.107-.123) .108 (.103-.115) .153 (.138-.171) .228 (.205-.250) .333 (.281-.438) 1334 

03-04 .080 (.076-.084) .075 (.069-.081) .122 (.111-.132) .192 (.173-.209) .253 (.230-.278) 1281 

05-06 .070 (.064-.077) .060 (.060-.070) .100 (.090-.120) .160 (.130-.220) .250 (.170-.310) 1271 

07-08 .061 (.057-.066) .060 (.050-.060) .090 (.080-.100) .140 (.130-.160) .210 (.160-.260) 1327 

09-10 .055 (.050-.060) .050 (.050-.060) .080 (.070-.100) .130 (.120-.150) .190 (.160-.210) 1397 

Females 99-00 .137 (.117-.161) .131 (.108-.164) .213 (.176-.247) .320 (.263-.417) .429 (.357-.485) 1144 

01-02 .139 (.131-.148) .132 (.124-.140) .196 (.178-.211) .295 (.267-.317) .371 (.333-.444) 1355 

03-04 * < LOD .143 (.125-.161) .225 (.188-.261) .288 (.250-.333) 1277 

05-06 .074 (.070-.078) .070 (.070-.070) .110 (.100-.110) .170 (.150-.190) .220 (.180-.300) 1305 

07-08 .067 (.062-.071) .060 (.060-.070) .100 (.090-.100) .140 (.130-.160) .200 (.160-.230) 1300 

09-10 .064 (.060-.069) .060 (.060-.070) .090 (.090-.100) .150 (.130-.170) .220 (.180-.260) 1450 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Antimony_BiomonitoringSummary.html

101 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Antimony (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .120 (.107-.135) .114 (.105-.129) .167 (.148-.203) .250 (.209-.315) .333 (.280-.357) 787 

01-02 .138 (.128-.149) .130 (.117-.143) .182 (.159-.203) .269 (.229-.308) .338 (.308-.429) 682 

03-04 .086 (.076-.098) .082 (<LOD-.092) .129 (.107-.151) .189 (.154-.238) .238 (.185-.321) 618 

05-06 .087 (.076-.099) .080 (.070-.080) .120 (.110-.130) .190 (.150-.310) .370 (.200-.800) 652 

07-08 .069 (.059-.081) .060 (.050-.080) .100 (.080-.120) .160 (.130-.180) .200 (.160-.360) 515 

09-10 .066 (.063-.071) .060 (.060-.060) .100 (.080-.110) .160 (.130-.190) .240 (.190-.280) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .114 (.099-.133) .112 (.098-.130) .163 (.144-.183) .236 (.195-.338) .343 (.255-.425) 554 

01-02 .123 (.113-.134) .115 (.106-.127) .163 (.150-.181) .233 (.208-.267) .300 (.248-.373) 667 

03-04 .078 (.071-.085) .074 (.069-.082) .109 (.096-.124) .170 (.148-.192) .222 (.179-.257) 723 

05-06 .064 (.058-.071) .060 (.050-.070) .090 (.080-.090) .130 (.120-.150) .190 (.150-.220) 692 

07-08 .062 (.059-.066) .060 (.050-.070) .090 (.080-.090) .140 (.120-.160) .180 (.160-.220) 589 

09-10 .058 (.053-.063) .060 (.050-.060) .080 (.070-.090) .130 (.110-.160) .170 (.150-.190) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .129 (.109-.152) .125 (.102-.152) .195 (.167-.225) .298 (.239-.352) .400 (.333-.444) 768 

01-02 .127 (.117-.138) .120 (.113-.130) .176 (.159-.198) .280 (.241-.317) .380 (.318-.471) 1132 

03-04 * .081 (<LOD-.089) .139 (.124-.147) .217 (.200-.238) .286 (.253-.333) 1074 

05-06 .072 (.068-.077) .070 (.060-.070) .110 (.100-.110) .170 (.150-.190) .230 (.190-.280) 1041 

07-08 .064 (.060-.069) .060 (.050-.070) .090 (.080-.100) .140 (.140-.160) .210 (.170-.230) 1095 

09-10 .060 (.055-.065) .060 (.050-.060) .090 (.080-.100) .140 (.120-.170) .200 (.170-.250) 1225 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Antimony_BiomonitoringSummary.html

102 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Total Arsenic 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg /L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 8.30 (7.19-9.57) 7.70 (6.90-8.90) 16.0 (14.1-18.7) 37.4 (31.6-43.5) 65.4 (48.7-83.3) 2557 

05-06 9.29 (8.05-10.7) 8.65 (7.48-9.99) 17.1 (14.9-20.6) 41.1 (33.3-49.7) 66.7 (53.7-87.0) 2576 

07-08 8.10 (7.44-8.83) 7.49 (6.90-8.12) 14.9 (13.2-17.0) 33.3 (29.8-38.7) 50.8 (42.3-65.1) 2605 

09-10 9.28 (8.47-10.2) 8.15 (7.20-8.98) 18.0 (15.3-20.8) 44.6 (39.0-55.1) 85.6 (64.7-114) 2860 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 7.08 (5.66-8.84) 6.80 (5.90-7.70) 10.9 (8.90-14.2) 24.6 (13.8-61.8) 46.9 (17.5-178) 290 

05-06 7.19 (5.81-8.90) 6.96 (5.32-8.88) 11.5 (9.19-16.0) 19.6 (13.1-51.5) 34.1 (19.6-58.5) 355 

07-08 6.85 (5.98-7.83) 6.40 (5.74-7.23) 10.8 (9.75-12.3) 22.5 (16.9-34.7) 41.0 (21.1-52.8) 390 

09-10 6.63 (5.74-7.66) 5.94 (5.14-7.19) 10.8 (9.37-12.5) 26.0 (18.2-33.4) 37.7 (27.8-65.6) 378 

12-19 years 03-04 8.55 (7.34-9.97) 8.10 (6.80-9.40) 15.2 (12.2-17.8) 30.5 (23.1-40.4) 46.1 (32.9-62.5) 725 

05-06 8.19 (6.87-9.77) 7.92 (6.37-9.50) 14.0 (11.6-18.1) 28.2 (22.9-32.9) 41.9 (32.7-48.0) 701 

07-08 7.09 (6.17-8.14) 6.87 (5.88-7.86) 11.4 (9.41-13.7) 20.4 (16.1-26.6) 38.2 (21.6-53.3) 373 

09-10 6.45 (5.58-7.47) 6.11 (5.26-6.89) 10.8 (8.59-13.7) 25.9 (16.2-32.9) 38.8 (27.8-55.1) 454 

20 years and older 03-04 8.41 (7.25-9.77) 7.90 (7.00-9.10) 17.0 (15.0-19.7) 40.5 (34.9-46.2) 66.2 (51.2-93.1) 1542 

05-06 9.76 (8.43-11.3) 9.12 (7.85-10.4) 18.9 (15.8-22.9) 44.2 (35.2-56.1) 71.4 (57.7-98.3) 1520 

07-08 8.43 (7.70-9.22) 7.94 (7.09-8.67) 16.2 (14.5-18.6) 35.2 (30.4-42.3) 59.0 (44.2-75.6) 1842 

09-10 10.2 (9.14-11.3) 8.75 (7.95-9.81) 20.4 (17.2-24.1) 52.1 (42.4-66.1) 93.1 (74.2-127) 2028 

Gender 

Males 03-04 9.50 (8.34-10.8) 8.90 (7.70-9.80) 17.6 (15.2-20.1) 41.6 (32.5-52.8) 65.8 (48.7-95.4) 1281 

05-06 10.1 (8.61-11.8) 8.95 (8.05-10.0) 18.3 (15.5-22.9) 40.8 (31.0-52.6) 63.7 (46.4-78.7) 1271 

07-08 9.25 (8.28-10.3) 8.50 (7.37-9.53) 17.0 (14.6-19.4) 36.0 (32.1-44.2) 62.5 (44.3-84.6) 1318 

09-10 10.1 (9.06-11.3) 8.80 (7.80-9.75) 20.4 (16.1-23.9) 47.4 (42.1-64.1) 89.1 (71.6-114) 1401 

Females 03-04 7.30 (6.02-8.84) 6.90 (5.90-8.30) 15.0 (11.3-19.5) 33.4 (26.5-41.7) 60.5 (40.8-77.1) 1276 

05-06 8.60 (7.38-10.0) 8.18 (6.64-9.97) 15.9 (13.7-19.9) 41.5 (32.2-53.7) 72.6 (54.8-122) 1305 

07-08 7.14 (6.51-7.82) 6.54 (6.09-7.14) 12.7 (11.6-14.4) 30.1 (26.0-34.0) 49.1 (40.1-57.5) 1287 

09-10 8.55 (7.44-9.83) 7.63 (6.45-8.62) 15.8 (13.1-19.9) 41.5 (31.7-55.5) 81.5 (54.3-132) 1459 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 9.29 (8.12-10.6) 9.20 (8.10-10.3) 16.2 (13.5-19.9) 34.4 (24.0-60.5) 68.2 (41.3-111) 618 

05-06 9.55 (8.54-10.7) 9.11 (7.99-10.3) 15.6 (14.0-17.1) 29.2 (21.4-56.8) 67.6 (41.7-81.4) 652 

07-08 8.98 (8.13-9.92) 8.84 (7.80-9.48) 15.4 (12.3-19.7) 35.2 (25.0-46.0) 53.0 (44.2-77.4) 510 

09-10 8.47 (7.30-9.84) 7.96 (6.87-9.08) 13.9 (11.3-17.7) 34.7 (25.0-53.2) 60.9 (49.3-78.7) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 11.6 (9.50-14.1) 10.4 (7.90-11.8) 21.5 (14.9-34.4) 43.5 (36.2-61.8) 78.0 (43.6-141) 722 

05-06 11.0 (8.60-14.0) 9.55 (6.99-13.3) 21.9 (14.9-28.9) 44.9 (31.1-71.4) 82.3 (49.2-164) 692 

07-08 10.5 (9.40-11.7) 9.21 (8.22-10.4) 18.4 (16.1-21.5) 42.4 (32.9-52.8) 65.6 (45.5-112) 585 

09-10 10.9 (9.46-12.5) 9.26 (7.70-11.4) 21.7 (17.6-24.2) 49.1 (32.2-81.7) 84.8 (51.3-174) 546 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 7.12 (6.13-8.27) 7.00 (6.10-7.90) 13.7 (11.3-15.8) 29.0 (22.6-35.9) 53.1 (38.4-65.6) 1074 

05-06 8.66 (7.20-10.4) 8.05 (6.52-9.66) 16.3 (13.4-20.6) 40.8 (29.4-50.2) 58.5 (46.0-88.0) 1041 

07-08 6.98 (6.31-7.71) 6.46 (5.93-7.29) 12.4 (11.3-14.3) 28.3 (21.6-32.6) 42.1 (32.3-50.0) 1088 

09-10 8.18 (7.46-8.96) 7.24 (6.46-8.21) 14.8 (12.7-17.4) 38.9 (31.7-44.4) 66.3 (49.3-88.7) 1224 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.74, 0.74, 0.74, and 0.74 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

103 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Total Arsenic (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg /g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 8.24 (7.07-9.59) 7.04 (5.93-8.51) 14.1 (11.6-17.2) 30.4 (26.0-38.7) 50.4 (40.3-64.5) 2557 

05-06 9.15 (7.93-10.6) 7.70 (6.55-8.98) 15.2 (11.7-19.4) 35.1 (26.5-44.7) 62.8 (44.7-85.0) 2576 

07-08 8.46 (7.78-9.21) 7.06 (6.56-7.74) 13.8 (12.5-15.2) 28.9 (24.2-36.7) 49.0 (38.8-70.5) 2605 

09-10 9.90 (9.06-10.8) 7.90 (6.98-8.97) 17.6 (15.4-20.2) 45.2 (36.6-53.3) 80.8 (60.5-94.4) 2860 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 8.25 (6.58-10.3) 7.18 (5.93-9.45) 11.7 (9.10-16.3) 22.2 (12.0-69.5) 40.1 (14.7-188) 290 

05-06 8.88 (7.05-11.2) 7.87 (6.19-9.42) 11.8 (9.32-18.9) 24.5 (13.0-62.8) 45.4 (22.9-80.9) 355 

07-08 8.87 (8.06-9.77) 7.53 (6.73-7.88) 13.4 (10.2-16.0) 26.7 (19.9-34.0) 37.2 (28.6-71.4) 390 

09-10 8.97 (7.93-10.2) 7.42 (6.70-8.32) 11.0 (9.90-14.0) 33.5 (17.0-54.6) 60.8 (36.6-84.9) 378 

12-19 years 03-04 6.11 (5.23-7.13) 5.06 (4.47-6.04) 9.66 (7.44-11.2) 17.8 (12.0-26.0) 27.8 (20.7-35.9) 725 

05-06 6.30 (5.56-7.14) 5.19 (4.80-6.19) 9.62 (8.12-11.1) 19.4 (13.9-25.8) 28.0 (21.9-33.2) 701 

07-08 5.50 (4.91-6.16) 4.96 (4.25-5.40) 7.69 (6.09-9.31) 16.8 (10.8-21.1) 22.5 (16.8-29.1) 373 

09-10 6.06 (5.34-6.87) 4.95 (4.39-5.81) 9.18 (7.00-11.0) 19.2 (14.5-21.3) 28.4 (20.8-35.7) 454 

20 years and older 03-04 8.64 (7.38-10.1) 7.47 (6.20-9.01) 15.4 (12.7-18.8) 33.8 (27.3-41.2) 53.9 (45.4-64.5) 1542 

05-06 9.75 (8.46-11.2) 8.22 (6.98-9.75) 17.0 (12.8-21.3) 41.0 (29.6-52.5) 68.4 (52.8-89.7) 1520 

07-08 9.00 (8.20-9.88) 7.55 (6.79-8.53) 14.9 (13.1-17.1) 32.5 (25.8-41.0) 59.4 (41.0-86.2) 1842 

09-10 10.8 (9.71-12.0) 8.73 (7.69-9.71) 20.1 (16.5-24.2) 50.8 (40.5-59.7) 87.3 (70.0-105) 2028 

Gender 

Males 03-04 8.00 (6.81-9.40) 6.75 (5.66-8.35) 13.7 (11.0-18.0) 28.7 (25.1-36.4) 45.6 (35.3-62.1) 1281 

05-06 8.26 (7.09-9.63) 7.16 (5.87-8.54) 12.9 (10.2-18.0) 28.8 (22.9-36.3) 46.1 (35.1-66.5) 1271 

07-08 8.30 (7.49-9.18) 6.79 (6.39-7.61) 13.2 (11.8-15.2) 28.9 (23.5-38.5) 47.7 (35.7-68.1) 1318 

09-10 9.21 (8.55-9.93) 7.22 (6.43-8.67) 17.0 (14.9-18.6) 41.8 (35.4-47.9) 66.9 (52.0-81.5) 1401 

Females 03-04 8.47 (7.12-10.1) 7.33 (6.10-8.75) 14.4 (11.7-17.7) 32.3 (24.2-46.6) 58.4 (42.8-75.0) 1276 

05-06 10.1 (8.72-11.7) 8.29 (7.23-9.87) 17.4 (13.0-21.4) 43.8 (29.2-61.5) 74.1 (55.0-96.2) 1305 

07-08 8.63 (7.91-9.41) 7.13 (6.53-8.33) 14.1 (12.3-16.9) 27.9 (24.1-37.0) 51.4 (39.7-83.3) 1287 

09-10 10.6 (9.36-12.0) 8.38 (7.40-9.41) 18.6 (14.9-23.9) 50.8 (35.1-72.9) 87.8 (66.8-109) 1459 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 8.61 (7.33-10.1) 7.76 (6.30-9.44) 12.6 (10.2-15.9) 24.0 (17.7-34.8) 42.4 (24.8-62.4) 618 

05-06 8.98 (7.89-10.2) 7.48 (6.72-8.87) 12.8 (11.0-16.3) 28.1 (21.1-35.5) 49.1 (31.0-108) 652 

07-08 8.88 (7.71-10.2) 7.38 (6.51-8.63) 14.1 (10.6-17.8) 28.6 (22.5-35.3) 48.2 (31.1-75.7) 510 

09-10 8.88 (7.87-10.0) 7.62 (6.69-8.45) 13.2 (10.7-17.2) 31.4 (23.7-38.5) 49.8 (37.5-68.9) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 8.31 (6.99-9.88) 6.88 (5.66-8.41) 13.8 (11.5-17.0) 27.6 (17.9-56.0) 54.3 (27.5-120) 722 

05-06 7.96 (6.40-9.92) 6.48 (5.21-8.30) 13.4 (10.0-18.6) 32.5 (18.7-66.5) 71.4 (35.6-98.8) 692 

07-08 7.72 (6.98-8.54) 6.60 (6.01-7.56) 13.4 (11.5-15.4) 25.7 (22.1-30.0) 42.7 (31.4-60.3) 585 

09-10 8.67 (7.54-9.98) 7.26 (5.96-9.02) 15.6 (12.4-21.3) 38.7 (31.5-48.7) 63.9 (43.1-102) 546 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 7.50 (6.25-9.01) 6.32 (5.28-7.96) 12.5 (9.86-17.1) 26.8 (21.8-32.0) 40.0 (31.3-53.9) 1074 

05-06 9.01 (7.57-10.7) 7.68 (6.18-9.56) 14.3 (11.1-20.8) 31.9 (24.1-46.1) 59.4 (37.9-96.2) 1041 

07-08 7.82 (7.05-8.68) 6.72 (6.00-7.54) 12.5 (11.1-13.9) 24.6 (19.6-32.3) 43.1 (29.1-64.0) 1088 

09-10 9.14 (8.35-10.0) 7.10 (6.43-8.06) 15.8 (13.7-18.4) 40.9 (30.4-50.8) 66.4 (50.9-90.0) 1224 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

104 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Arsenic (V) acid 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.10 (<LOD-1.50) 2568 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.06 (<LOD-1.43) 2588 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2576 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2852 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.10 (<LOD-1.30) 292 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 354 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 390 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 379 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.60) 728 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.00 (<LOD-1.30) 703 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 366 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 453 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.10 (<LOD-1.50) 1548 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.09 (<LOD-1.71) 1531 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1820 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2020 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.50) 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.14 (<LOD-1.71) 1276 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1289 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1396 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.10 (<LOD-1.30) 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.01 (<LOD-1.22) 1312 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1287 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1456 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.60) 621 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 651 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 513 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.80) 725 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 586 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 543 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.10 (<LOD-1.50) 1078 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.10 (<LOD-1.74) 1050 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1063 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1210 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, and 1.0 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

105 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Arsenic (V) acid (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.04 (<LOD-3.50) 2568 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.23 (<LOD-3.55) 2588 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2576 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2851 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.80 (<LOD-4.00) 292 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 354 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 390 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 378 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.75 (<LOD-2.41) 728 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.69 (<LOD-2.73) 703 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 366 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 453 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.18 (<LOD-3.70) 1548 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.38 (<LOD-3.94) 1531 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1820 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2020 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.61 (<LOD-3.18) 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.14 (<LOD-2.73) 1276 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1289 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1395 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.33 (<LOD-3.89) 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.55 (<LOD-4.44) 1312 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1287 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1456 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.69 (<LOD-3.50) 621 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 651 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 513 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.75 (<LOD-2.19) 725 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 586 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 542 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.33 (<LOD-3.95) 1078 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.38 (<LOD-3.80) 1050 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1063 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1210 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

106 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Arsenobetaine 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 1.55 (1.31-1.83) 1.00 (.800-1.40) 5.20 (4.00-6.50) 16.8 (12.7-22.3) 35.0 (27.6-44.6) 2568 

05-06 1.86 (1.43-2.41) 1.53 (.980-2.26) 6.73 (4.80-8.91) 22.6 (16.5-30.3) 40.6 (30.7-59.4) 2588 

07-08 * .670 (.510-.910) 4.26 (3.53-4.88) 16.6 (12.5-20.2) 29.5 (22.8-37.1) 2576 

09-10 1.59 (1.38-1.83) .940 (.720-1.26) 6.18 (4.67-7.87) 23.5 (19.8-30.1) 50.4 (35.7-63.2) 2870 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD 1.80 (.800-4.00) 8.80 (3.90-29.9) 29.9 (6.20-190) 292 

05-06 * < LOD 2.22 (.620-5.35) 7.14 (2.34-29.9) 18.9 (5.46-45.0) 354 

07-08 * < LOD 1.24 (.780-2.42) 6.71 (3.37-8.38) 13.0 (7.22-25.2) 390 

09-10 * < LOD 1.20 (.590-3.12) 7.98 (5.20-15.7) 19.4 (9.25-47.9) 380 

12-19 years 03-04 * .600 (.400-.800) 3.20 (2.00-4.70) 13.9 (7.20-25.1) 31.8 (17.2-35.8) 728 

05-06 * .550 (<LOD-1.14) 3.76 (1.95-7.16) 12.4 (9.15-20.4) 25.6 (16.4-32.4) 703 

07-08 * < LOD 1.72 (.780-2.62) 4.88 (3.49-9.17) 10.4 (6.81-23.6) 366 

09-10 * < LOD 2.07 (1.26-3.60) 11.0 (5.35-16.7) 17.8 (12.8-24.0) 455 

20 years and older 03-04 1.74 (1.48-2.05) 1.30 (1.00-1.60) 6.10 (4.90-7.10) 18.5 (14.0-23.5) 35.5 (26.8-50.5) 1548 

05-06 2.20 (1.71-2.84) 1.89 (1.41-2.64) 8.14 (5.86-10.4) 27.6 (18.7-35.7) 43.9 (36.0-67.9) 1531 

07-08 1.46 (1.28-1.67) .960 (.750-1.22) 5.08 (4.30-6.20) 19.1 (14.3-23.7) 31.7 (23.9-46.1) 1820 

09-10 1.92 (1.63-2.26) 1.33 (.960-1.91) 7.60 (6.06-9.90) 28.2 (21.9-34.9) 59.5 (45.7-76.7) 2035 

Gender 

Males 03-04 1.66 (1.43-1.93) 1.20 (.900-1.50) 5.80 (4.40-7.10) 18.6 (13.9-23.7) 35.0 (26.8-40.5) 1284 

05-06 1.83 (1.40-2.40) 1.44 (.920-2.04) 6.63 (5.06-8.66) 23.2 (12.8-33.4) 37.1 (28.5-51.3) 1276 

07-08 * .910 (.660-1.26) 5.07 (4.01-6.81) 19.1 (13.8-22.6) 30.3 (22.8-46.1) 1289 

09-10 1.71 (1.48-1.97) .990 (.780-1.33) 7.14 (5.38-9.86) 26.8 (21.5-31.8) 57.4 (36.4-64.6) 1402 

Females 03-04 1.45 (1.17-1.80) .900 (.700-1.40) 4.70 (3.40-6.20) 15.6 (11.1-25.3) 32.7 (21.1-51.3) 1284 

05-06 1.88 (1.42-2.50) 1.64 (.950-2.51) 6.81 (4.03-9.88) 21.8 (17.3-30.1) 43.3 (33.8-67.9) 1312 

07-08 * .530 (.410-.650) 3.52 (2.94-4.35) 14.0 (10.9-17.5) 29.5 (19.4-34.0) 1287 

09-10 1.49 (1.20-1.84) .890 (.590-1.35) 5.54 (3.56-7.74) 21.2 (14.7-32.7) 47.1 (32.5-76.4) 1468 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 1.19 (.871-1.62) .800 (.500-1.30) 3.20 (1.80-5.20) 10.2 (6.70-21.4) 31.4 (16.3-39.1) 621 

05-06 1.44 (1.23-1.69) 1.04 (.770-1.35) 3.90 (3.03-5.06) 16.8 (11.1-32.0) 41.4 (23.4-57.9) 651 

07-08 * .560 (<LOD-.910) 3.27 (2.00-5.65) 16.9 (9.73-20.8) 29.6 (19.3-40.5) 513 

09-10 * .640 (.440-.800) 3.58 (1.80-5.89) 15.5 (7.83-24.6) 31.9 (18.7-44.7) 617 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 2.29 (1.60-3.28) 2.00 (1.20-3.50) 7.70 (5.00-12.0) 23.7 (13.2-38.7) 45.6 (25.1-94.0) 725 

05-06 2.55 (1.64-3.99) 2.42 (1.15-4.58) 8.74 (6.01-14.4) 23.8 (15.9-48.9) 59.6 (30.5-121) 695 

07-08 1.58 (1.31-1.90) 1.11 (.750-1.60) 5.88 (4.12-8.13) 21.9 (16.4-24.9) 35.9 (25.4-47.7) 586 

09-10 1.99 (1.60-2.47) 1.79 (1.05-2.41) 7.61 (5.34-10.0) 25.5 (15.4-37.6) 51.2 (31.0-90.9) 546 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 1.37 (1.11-1.68) .800 (.700-1.20) 4.30 (2.50-6.30) 13.3 (9.70-21.4) 29.3 (21.4-35.5) 1078 

05-06 1.74 (1.27-2.40) 1.41 (.750-2.27) 6.40 (3.93-9.04) 22.4 (14.1-30.1) 38.4 (27.8-66.8) 1050 

07-08 * .530 (<LOD-.780) 3.63 (3.06-4.38) 12.6 (9.08-17.1) 24.3 (17.6-30.3) 1063 

09-10 1.43 (1.24-1.65) .800 (.610-1.18) 5.40 (3.77-7.27) 20.6 (17.7-24.5) 41.3 (30.6-59.5) 1226 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.4, 0.4, 0.4, and 0.4 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

107 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Arsenobetaine (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 1.54 (1.30-1.82) 1.16 (.959-1.43) 5.00 (3.62-6.91) 16.2 (12.5-20.3) 29.4 (24.0-36.4) 2568 

05-06 1.82 (1.40-2.37) 1.64 (1.10-2.41) 6.64 (4.48-8.79) 20.3 (14.5-28.1) 37.0 (27.5-58.3) 2588 

07-08 * 1.00 (.850-1.18) 4.07 (3.36-4.98) 14.7 (11.1-17.8) 27.7 (18.9-45.4) 2576 

09-10 1.69 (1.45-1.97) 1.23 (.980-1.47) 6.48 (4.90-8.00) 23.6 (18.5-30.7) 49.6 (36.6-61.3) 2869 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD 2.00 (1.15-4.83) 12.2 (4.13-39.7) 29.6 (6.80-153) 292 

05-06 * < LOD 2.88 (1.04-6.25) 8.77 (2.88-40.5) 23.6 (6.86-74.8) 354 

07-08 * < LOD 2.11 (1.27-3.79) 8.98 (4.76-14.8) 16.4 (8.98-23.8) 390 

09-10 * < LOD 1.70 (1.21-3.02) 9.52 (5.08-20.7) 24.9 (9.81-50.7) 379 

12-19 years 03-04 * .531 (.400-.638) 2.14 (1.39-3.51) 9.29 (4.29-14.7) 17.3 (10.4-28.7) 728 

05-06 * .620 (<LOD-.800) 2.82 (1.58-4.77) 10.5 (7.03-13.7) 15.4 (11.8-22.3) 703 

07-08 * < LOD 1.28 (.650-1.72) 5.17 (2.31-6.53) 9.88 (5.72-16.0) 366 

09-10 * < LOD 2.25 (1.17-3.76) 8.69 (5.03-12.8) 14.0 (9.82-15.5) 455 

20 years and older 03-04 1.79 (1.51-2.12) 1.47 (1.15-1.88) 5.91 (4.32-7.72) 17.2 (13.4-21.8) 30.1 (26.1-36.4) 1548 

05-06 2.19 (1.70-2.82) 2.13 (1.40-2.83) 7.79 (5.38-10.2) 24.4 (16.6-32.9) 43.1 (30.5-71.4) 1531 

07-08 1.55 (1.36-1.78) 1.29 (1.13-1.52) 5.27 (3.91-6.40) 16.6 (12.2-21.6) 33.4 (21.0-55.9) 1820 

09-10 2.03 (1.70-2.42) 1.52 (1.18-2.16) 7.65 (6.04-10.4) 27.7 (22.1-35.9) 57.0 (39.7-71.9) 2035 

Gender 

Males 03-04 1.40 (1.18-1.67) 1.11 (.909-1.28) 4.78 (3.61-6.70) 14.4 (11.1-18.5) 26.5 (18.6-29.9) 1284 

05-06 1.50 (1.15-1.96) 1.25 (.800-1.93) 5.11 (3.41-7.54) 15.3 (11.2-20.8) 30.5 (19.6-44.0) 1276 

07-08 * 1.04 (.870-1.25) 4.11 (3.16-5.30) 14.9 (10.1-17.9) 27.0 (17.8-49.2) 1289 

09-10 1.56 (1.35-1.80) 1.04 (.880-1.34) 6.20 (4.34-7.79) 23.4 (18.7-27.6) 39.2 (32.0-54.8) 1401 

Females 03-04 1.68 (1.37-2.05) 1.25 (.938-1.67) 5.58 (3.50-7.43) 17.2 (12.3-24.5) 32.9 (25.6-46.3) 1284 

05-06 2.20 (1.65-2.93) 2.04 (1.30-2.92) 7.86 (5.38-10.8) 26.4 (16.6-35.6) 46.2 (30.3-74.3) 1312 

07-08 * .980 (.800-1.18) 4.06 (3.35-5.29) 14.6 (11.1-17.8) 29.6 (18.2-50.0) 1287 

09-10 1.83 (1.48-2.26) 1.36 (1.04-1.75) 6.65 (4.68-9.21) 24.1 (16.5-37.3) 57.0 (36.3-71.3) 1468 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 1.10 (.786-1.55) .877 (.612-1.40) 2.93 (1.78-5.21) 8.88 (5.50-15.4) 19.0 (9.64-29.4) 621 

05-06 1.35 (1.13-1.62) .970 (.810-1.19) 4.21 (2.79-5.68) 16.6 (10.5-21.3) 36.9 (18.4-69.5) 651 

07-08 * .780 (<LOD-1.21) 3.04 (1.99-5.09) 13.7 (9.09-16.7) 28.9 (16.2-46.7) 513 

09-10 * .790 (.670-.940) 3.64 (2.28-4.41) 13.5 (7.78-19.1) 26.8 (16.5-42.0) 617 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 1.65 (1.19-2.30) 1.53 (.901-2.45) 5.81 (4.25-7.82) 13.6 (9.76-27.9) 32.9 (13.4-82.1) 725 

05-06 1.84 (1.20-2.83) 1.71 (.910-2.95) 6.07 (3.83-9.25) 19.4 (10.4-45.2) 47.5 (25.3-62.0) 695 

07-08 1.16 (.955-1.41) .830 (.620-1.12) 4.44 (3.23-6.58) 14.9 (10.5-17.6) 25.1 (17.4-40.0) 586 

09-10 1.59 (1.29-1.96) 1.30 (.850-2.04) 5.92 (4.20-8.40) 19.5 (13.5-27.1) 37.9 (26.1-51.7) 545 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 1.44 (1.15-1.80) 1.05 (.833-1.36) 4.47 (2.73-6.83) 14.3 (10.9-18.6) 26.5 (18.6-32.0) 1078 

05-06 1.81 (1.32-2.47) 1.65 (.970-2.55) 6.65 (3.95-9.34) 19.7 (12.6-30.5) 36.6 (25.1-71.4) 1050 

07-08 * .970 (<LOD-1.18) 3.56 (2.93-4.53) 11.6 (8.98-16.6) 23.8 (15.5-41.7) 1063 

09-10 1.60 (1.36-1.87) 1.15 (.900-1.43) 5.85 (4.33-7.65) 22.8 (15.6-29.4) 38.5 (32.0-57.0) 1226 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

108 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Arsenocholine 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2568 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2588 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2576 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2871 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 292 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 354 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 390 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 380 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 728 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 703 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 366 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 456 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1548 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1531 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1820 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2035 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1276 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1289 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1403 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1312 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1287 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1468 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 621 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 651 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 513 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 725 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 586 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 546 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1078 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1050 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1063 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1226 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.6, 0.6, 0.6, and 0.6 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

109 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Arsenocholine (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2568 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2588 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2576 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2870 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 292 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 354 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 390 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 379 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 728 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 703 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 366 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 456 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1548 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1531 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1820 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2035 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1276 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1289 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1402 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1312 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1287 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1468 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 621 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 651 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 513 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 725 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 586 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 545 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1078 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1050 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1063 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1226 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

110 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Arsenous (III) acid 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2568 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2588 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2576 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2871 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 292 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 354 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 390 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 380 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.40 (<LOD-1.70) 728 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.40) 703 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 366 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 456 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1548 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1531 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1820 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2035 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.26 (<LOD-1.73) 1276 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1289 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.24 (<LOD-1.50) 1403 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1312 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1287 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1468 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.00 (<LOD-3.00) 621 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 651 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.76) 513 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.80) 725 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 586 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 546 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1078 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1050 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1063 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1226 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 1.2, 1.2, 1.2, and 1.2 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

111 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Arsenous (III) acid (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2568 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2588 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2576 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2870 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 292 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 354 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 390 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 379 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.95 (<LOD-2.76) 728 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.02 (<LOD-3.04) 703 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 366 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 456 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1548 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1531 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1820 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2035 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.43 (<LOD-3.15) 1276 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1289 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.93 (<LOD-3.54) 1402 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1312 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1287 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1468 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.08 (<LOD-4.44) 621 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 651 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.54 (<LOD-4.72) 513 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.00 (<LOD-2.29) 725 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 586 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 545 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1078 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1050 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1063 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1226 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

112 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Dimethylarsinic acid 

Metabolite of Arsenic 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 3.71 (3.33-4.14) 3.90 (3.00-4.00) 6.00 (5.00-7.00) 11.0 (9.20-12.0) 16.0 (13.0-17.8) 2568 

05-06 3.95 (3.59-4.35) 3.90 (3.46-4.31) 6.17 (5.53-7.04) 10.3 (9.00-12.2) 15.0 (12.2-17.8) 2588 

07-08 3.67 (3.44-3.91) 3.58 (3.44-3.84) 5.96 (5.44-6.57) 9.78 (8.72-11.2) 13.3 (11.8-15.3) 2576 

09-10 3.67 (3.43-3.93) 3.50 (3.25-3.76) 6.16 (5.59-6.73) 11.5 (9.35-13.7) 17.4 (14.0-21.0) 2871 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 3.73 (3.12-4.45) 4.00 (3.00-4.00) 6.00 (5.00-7.00) 9.00 (7.00-12.0) 12.0 (8.00-22.0) 292 

05-06 3.96 (3.49-4.49) 3.94 (3.20-4.71) 5.94 (5.01-7.10) 10.5 (7.10-12.1) 13.0 (10.7-15.3) 354 

07-08 3.86 (3.45-4.32) 3.76 (3.47-4.01) 6.10 (5.29-6.99) 10.4 (7.57-13.9) 15.2 (9.32-39.2) 390 

09-10 3.53 (3.17-3.92) 3.27 (2.81-3.87) 5.76 (5.07-6.53) 10.7 (7.84-11.9) 12.8 (11.0-14.4) 380 

12-19 years 03-04 3.85 (3.34-4.42) 4.00 (3.00-4.00) 6.00 (5.00-7.10) 9.30 (7.70-12.0) 13.0 (10.0-16.0) 728 

05-06 3.97 (3.46-4.55) 3.97 (3.31-4.64) 5.74 (5.11-7.10) 9.43 (7.63-11.6) 12.0 (10.7-13.9) 703 

07-08 3.60 (3.16-4.09) 3.66 (3.24-4.26) 5.53 (4.75-6.72) 8.90 (7.33-9.95) 10.7 (9.08-13.3) 366 

09-10 3.08 (2.77-3.43) 2.89 (2.64-3.29) 5.05 (4.44-5.77) 7.89 (6.87-10.1) 11.3 (8.75-13.8) 456 

20 years and older 03-04 3.69 (3.31-4.11) 3.70 (3.00-4.00) 6.00 (5.00-7.00) 11.0 (10.0-12.0) 16.0 (13.0-19.0) 1548 

05-06 3.95 (3.58-4.36) 3.87 (3.46-4.32) 6.30 (5.59-7.28) 10.3 (9.25-13.3) 16.2 (12.5-19.4) 1531 

07-08 3.66 (3.43-3.91) 3.56 (3.41-3.80) 5.97 (5.44-6.63) 9.89 (8.72-11.4) 13.8 (11.8-15.5) 1820 

09-10 3.79 (3.51-4.09) 3.60 (3.33-3.87) 6.40 (5.71-7.03) 12.1 (9.52-16.0) 18.2 (15.8-23.6) 2035 

Gender 

Males 03-04 4.12 (3.60-4.71) 4.00 (3.70-4.30) 6.00 (5.60-7.70) 11.0 (9.00-15.0) 17.0 (12.1-22.0) 1284 

05-06 4.17 (3.79-4.59) 4.04 (3.68-4.43) 6.32 (5.41-7.61) 10.5 (8.68-13.3) 14.8 (11.8-19.2) 1276 

07-08 4.05 (3.73-4.40) 3.96 (3.63-4.27) 6.53 (5.77-7.15) 10.3 (9.31-12.0) 14.6 (11.6-20.2) 1289 

09-10 3.89 (3.50-4.32) 3.71 (3.35-4.11) 6.33 (5.80-7.02) 11.6 (8.80-17.3) 19.2 (13.0-24.7) 1403 

Females 03-04 3.37 (3.00-3.78) 3.00 (3.00-4.00) 5.50 (4.80-6.20) 10.0 (8.00-11.0) 14.0 (11.0-17.7) 1284 

05-06 3.75 (3.37-4.18) 3.70 (3.28-4.21) 6.03 (5.46-6.99) 9.95 (8.81-12.2) 15.5 (11.6-19.0) 1312 

07-08 3.34 (3.13-3.57) 3.37 (3.15-3.53) 5.48 (5.00-6.05) 8.99 (7.97-10.4) 11.9 (10.7-13.9) 1287 

09-10 3.48 (3.22-3.76) 3.28 (2.95-3.63) 5.85 (5.21-6.69) 11.5 (9.42-13.3) 16.1 (13.8-17.7) 1468 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 4.72 (4.27-5.22) 4.80 (4.00-5.00) 7.00 (6.00-9.00) 12.0 (10.0-16.0) 17.0 (12.0-25.0) 621 

05-06 4.43 (4.15-4.72) 4.66 (4.26-5.13) 6.93 (6.38-7.58) 9.51 (8.70-11.1) 13.1 (10.3-15.1) 651 

07-08 4.36 (4.05-4.69) 4.62 (4.07-5.07) 7.14 (6.23-7.76) 9.67 (8.39-10.8) 11.7 (9.96-17.6) 513 

09-10 3.90 (3.45-4.40) 3.98 (3.18-4.63) 6.53 (5.61-7.15) 10.7 (8.95-13.2) 16.2 (13.1-19.2) 618 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 4.27 (3.71-4.92) 4.00 (3.50-5.00) 7.00 (6.00-8.00) 11.6 (9.00-15.0) 16.0 (14.0-18.7) 725 

05-06 4.28 (3.68-4.98) 4.02 (3.37-4.82) 6.42 (5.31-7.36) 10.9 (8.22-13.1) 15.2 (11.5-27.1) 695 

07-08 4.19 (3.92-4.49) 3.98 (3.63-4.27) 6.69 (5.80-7.43) 11.2 (10.1-12.5) 14.7 (12.1-19.2) 586 

09-10 4.09 (3.63-4.61) 3.93 (3.31-4.36) 7.13 (5.99-8.63) 12.3 (10.1-17.0) 18.2 (13.7-27.8) 546 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 3.27 (2.95-3.62) 3.00 (3.00-3.80) 5.00 (4.60-6.00) 9.00 (7.00-10.0) 12.0 (9.50-15.0) 1078 

05-06 3.69 (3.28-4.15) 3.60 (3.19-4.08) 5.66 (5.10-6.70) 9.62 (8.11-11.8) 13.9 (10.6-17.8) 1050 

07-08 3.23 (3.01-3.48) 3.34 (3.04-3.53) 5.14 (4.77-5.59) 8.27 (7.48-9.07) 10.5 (9.25-13.2) 1063 

09-10 3.21 (3.07-3.37) 3.12 (2.91-3.29) 5.32 (5.00-5.66) 8.65 (7.23-10.1) 12.0 (10.1-14.4) 1226 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 1.7, 1.7, 1.7, and 1.7 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

113 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Dimethylarsinic acid (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Arsenic 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 3.69 (3.24-4.19) 3.37 (2.94-3.91) 5.71 (4.69-6.74) 9.09 (7.61-11.5) 13.0 (10.7-16.0) 2568 

05-06 3.88 (3.57-4.22) 3.66 (3.39-3.93) 5.71 (5.10-6.43) 9.57 (7.95-10.9) 12.3 (10.6-15.0) 2588 

07-08 3.83 (3.60-4.07) 3.62 (3.37-3.93) 5.80 (5.33-6.32) 9.01 (8.00-9.97) 11.6 (9.97-14.4) 2576 

09-10 3.90 (3.64-4.18) 3.53 (3.30-3.80) 6.03 (5.36-6.62) 10.2 (9.15-11.8) 14.9 (12.3-19.2) 2870 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 4.34 (3.57-5.28) 4.03 (3.20-4.80) 6.32 (4.65-8.33) 10.3 (7.00-13.9) 13.9 (7.86-21.8) 292 

05-06 4.89 (4.22-5.65) 4.31 (3.64-5.69) 6.85 (5.71-7.69) 10.0 (7.54-14.7) 14.7 (10.0-18.8) 354 

07-08 5.07 (4.56-5.64) 4.54 (4.08-4.82) 6.90 (6.14-7.76) 12.0 (8.39-17.1) 20.9 (12.0-40.8) 390 

09-10 4.77 (4.34-5.23) 4.48 (4.12-4.85) 6.41 (5.66-6.82) 10.0 (7.63-15.3) 16.5 (9.33-27.0) 379 

12-19 years 03-04 2.74 (2.39-3.14) 2.55 (2.27-2.94) 3.77 (3.17-4.44) 5.88 (4.65-6.67) 7.18 (6.16-11.7) 728 

05-06 3.05 (2.78-3.34) 2.92 (2.55-3.29) 4.25 (3.87-4.84) 6.68 (5.49-8.06) 9.08 (7.11-10.6) 703 

07-08 2.80 (2.54-3.09) 2.69 (2.37-2.93) 3.91 (3.46-4.56) 6.27 (4.72-8.21) 8.21 (5.77-10.1) 366 

09-10 2.89 (2.61-3.20) 2.60 (2.36-2.86) 4.08 (3.43-4.80) 6.67 (5.71-8.57) 10.0 (7.61-12.6) 456 

20 years and older 03-04 3.79 (3.34-4.31) 3.48 (3.00-4.00) 5.95 (4.86-7.05) 9.45 (8.00-12.0) 13.5 (11.1-18.6) 1548 

05-06 3.93 (3.62-4.27) 3.71 (3.42-4.02) 5.82 (5.22-6.47) 9.74 (8.00-11.2) 12.6 (10.9-15.8) 1531 

07-08 3.89 (3.64-4.16) 3.69 (3.44-4.02) 5.96 (5.47-6.58) 9.10 (8.00-10.0) 11.6 (9.74-14.5) 1820 

09-10 4.00 (3.70-4.32) 3.61 (3.33-3.90) 6.25 (5.57-6.88) 10.8 (9.23-12.9) 16.1 (12.6-22.2) 2035 

Gender 

Males 03-04 3.48 (2.95-4.10) 3.16 (2.70-3.82) 5.46 (4.17-6.90) 8.59 (6.92-12.0) 12.3 (8.84-18.9) 1284 

05-06 3.43 (3.13-3.75) 3.24 (2.91-3.63) 5.11 (4.25-6.08) 7.90 (6.65-9.77) 11.0 (9.29-13.0) 1276 

07-08 3.63 (3.41-3.85) 3.44 (3.22-3.68) 5.33 (5.00-5.82) 8.31 (7.21-10.1) 12.1 (9.73-14.9) 1289 

09-10 3.54 (3.29-3.80) 3.20 (3.04-3.38) 5.31 (4.80-5.99) 9.24 (7.80-10.8) 13.3 (10.3-16.5) 1402 

Females 03-04 3.89 (3.49-4.34) 3.57 (3.13-4.06) 5.78 (4.95-6.67) 9.32 (8.00-11.5) 13.7 (10.6-18.6) 1284 

05-06 4.37 (4.03-4.75) 4.03 (3.72-4.51) 6.26 (5.71-6.84) 10.0 (8.50-12.6) 14.4 (11.2-19.3) 1312 

07-08 4.02 (3.75-4.32) 3.80 (3.46-4.26) 6.15 (5.58-7.06) 9.23 (8.11-10.1) 10.9 (9.52-14.9) 1287 

09-10 4.28 (3.96-4.63) 4.00 (3.62-4.32) 6.55 (5.98-7.14) 11.0 (9.64-13.2) 17.2 (13.2-24.4) 1468 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 4.38 (3.80-5.05) 4.11 (3.29-4.90) 6.25 (4.84-8.15) 10.3 (8.00-11.8) 12.9 (11.1-15.2) 621 

05-06 4.16 (3.83-4.52) 4.00 (3.65-4.36) 5.94 (5.40-6.49) 8.69 (7.23-9.65) 10.2 (9.52-13.2) 651 

07-08 4.34 (3.87-4.88) 4.19 (3.66-4.83) 6.23 (5.31-7.44) 9.14 (8.00-11.0) 12.1 (10.1-15.1) 513 

09-10 4.06 (3.63-4.54) 3.95 (3.33-4.44) 6.32 (5.36-7.10) 9.23 (8.10-10.6) 11.7 (10.2-14.8) 618 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 3.08 (2.69-3.52) 2.86 (2.60-3.24) 4.34 (3.82-5.05) 7.81 (5.82-9.45) 10.4 (7.61-16.9) 725 

05-06 3.08 (2.70-3.52) 2.91 (2.52-3.32) 4.21 (3.75-4.91) 7.33 (5.40-10.7) 11.6 (7.66-17.9) 695 

07-08 3.08 (2.87-3.31) 2.77 (2.56-3.13) 4.74 (4.31-5.22) 7.29 (6.58-8.26) 9.67 (8.26-11.0) 586 

09-10 3.26 (2.90-3.66) 2.86 (2.47-3.34) 5.10 (4.43-6.06) 10.0 (7.39-11.7) 13.1 (11.1-15.2) 545 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 3.44 (2.97-3.98) 3.17 (2.80-3.73) 5.16 (4.03-6.49) 8.00 (6.32-10.9) 11.1 (8.00-15.4) 1078 

05-06 3.82 (3.47-4.21) 3.64 (3.30-3.93) 5.71 (4.90-6.51) 9.23 (7.26-10.6) 11.6 (9.93-13.9) 1050 

07-08 3.62 (3.38-3.87) 3.48 (3.20-3.76) 5.38 (4.95-5.80) 8.00 (7.28-8.86) 10.0 (8.96-11.1) 1063 

09-10 3.58 (3.36-3.81) 3.31 (3.09-3.49) 5.30 (4.87-5.75) 8.12 (7.06-9.21) 11.5 (9.43-14.3) 1226 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

114 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Monomethylarsonic acid 

Metabolite of Arsenic 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD 1.20 (1.00-1.30) 1.90 (1.60-2.10) 2.40 (2.00-2.80) 2567 

05-06 * < LOD 1.19 (1.05-1.34) 1.72 (1.51-1.94) 2.12 (1.79-2.70) 2588 

07-08 * < LOD 1.11 (1.00-1.20) 1.61 (1.51-1.69) 2.09 (1.91-2.26) 2576 

09-10 * < LOD 1.02 (.920-1.10) 1.64 (1.41-1.83) 2.01 (1.82-2.28) 2871 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD 1.00 (<LOD-1.40) 1.80 (1.30-2.60) 2.30 (1.70-2.90) 292 

05-06 * < LOD 1.03 (<LOD-1.37) 1.54 (1.37-2.12) 2.12 (1.51-2.73) 354 

07-08 * < LOD 1.05 (<LOD-1.28) 1.60 (1.32-1.83) 2.04 (1.64-2.86) 390 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD 1.38 (1.00-1.84) 1.81 (1.26-2.13) 380 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD 1.50 (1.10-1.80) 2.20 (1.70-3.00) 2.90 (2.20-3.60) 728 

05-06 * < LOD 1.31 (1.09-1.46) 1.99 (1.62-2.23) 2.41 (2.04-2.89) 703 

07-08 * < LOD 1.26 (1.11-1.35) 1.83 (1.54-2.22) 2.31 (1.87-2.90) 366 

09-10 * < LOD 1.10 (.910-1.25) 1.62 (1.33-1.92) 2.03 (1.74-2.30) 456 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD 1.20 (1.00-1.30) 1.80 (1.50-2.10) 2.30 (2.00-2.60) 1547 

05-06 * < LOD 1.20 (1.05-1.33) 1.70 (1.48-1.90) 2.06 (1.74-2.75) 1531 

07-08 * < LOD 1.08 (.970-1.17) 1.58 (1.44-1.71) 1.98 (1.82-2.21) 1820 

09-10 * < LOD 1.02 (.930-1.11) 1.65 (1.42-1.86) 2.03 (1.81-2.35) 2035 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD 1.30 (1.10-1.60) 2.00 (1.80-2.40) 2.60 (2.10-3.00) 1283 

05-06 * < LOD 1.31 (1.12-1.49) 1.79 (1.57-2.09) 2.23 (1.85-2.86) 1276 

07-08 * < LOD 1.24 (1.13-1.35) 1.78 (1.63-1.94) 2.33 (1.97-2.71) 1289 

09-10 * < LOD 1.07 (.970-1.23) 1.77 (1.47-2.01) 2.19 (1.83-2.68) 1403 

Females 03-04 * < LOD 1.00 (<LOD-1.20) 1.60 (1.30-1.90) 2.10 (1.70-2.60) 1284 

05-06 * < LOD 1.08 (.920-1.24) 1.57 (1.36-1.90) 2.04 (1.67-2.50) 1312 

07-08 * < LOD .970 (<LOD-1.06) 1.42 (1.30-1.57) 1.81 (1.68-1.90) 1287 

09-10 * < LOD .950 (<LOD-1.06) 1.52 (1.27-1.74) 1.89 (1.66-2.12) 1468 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD 1.50 (1.20-1.90) 2.20 (1.70-2.80) 2.80 (2.00-4.40) 621 

05-06 * < LOD 1.19 (1.10-1.32) 1.73 (1.51-1.97) 2.04 (1.67-2.51) 651 

07-08 * < LOD 1.22 (1.02-1.35) 1.69 (1.43-2.12) 2.32 (1.75-2.85) 513 

09-10 * < LOD 1.02 (<LOD-1.37) 1.65 (1.38-1.90) 2.02 (1.65-2.33) 618 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD 1.10 (<LOD-1.30) 1.80 (1.40-2.00) 2.20 (1.70-2.70) 725 

05-06 * < LOD 1.02 (.950-1.07) 1.35 (1.29-1.44) 1.70 (1.50-1.88) 695 

07-08 * < LOD 1.21 (1.09-1.33) 1.79 (1.61-2.05) 2.32 (2.15-2.63) 586 

09-10 * < LOD 1.02 (<LOD-1.18) 1.51 (1.36-1.84) 1.88 (1.73-2.24) 546 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD 1.10 (.900-1.30) 1.80 (1.40-2.00) 2.10 (1.80-2.50) 1077 

05-06 * < LOD 1.22 (1.02-1.39) 1.75 (1.42-2.12) 2.14 (1.72-2.93) 1050 

07-08 * < LOD 1.04 (.930-1.15) 1.50 (1.37-1.63) 1.91 (1.69-2.09) 1063 

09-10 * < LOD .940 (<LOD-1.04) 1.45 (1.24-1.76) 1.90 (1.65-2.12) 1226 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.9, 0.9, 0.9, and 0.9 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

115 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Monomethylarsonic acid (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Arsenic 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD 1.33 (1.18-1.54) 2.22 (1.82-2.57) 2.86 (2.40-3.53) 2567 

05-06 * < LOD 1.28 (1.14-1.52) 2.37 (1.94-2.78) 3.13 (2.67-3.76) 2588 

07-08 * < LOD 1.31 (1.23-1.42) 2.24 (2.00-2.56) 3.19 (2.78-3.58) 2576 

09-10 * < LOD 1.36 (1.25-1.45) 2.16 (2.00-2.29) 2.91 (2.67-3.15) 2870 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD 1.63 (<LOD-1.81) 2.31 (1.88-2.50) 2.52 (2.31-3.07) 292 

05-06 * < LOD 1.44 (<LOD-1.83) 2.37 (1.65-3.20) 3.13 (2.29-4.92) 354 

07-08 * < LOD 1.69 (<LOD-2.06) 2.46 (2.09-2.91) 3.20 (2.56-4.32) 390 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD 2.37 (2.07-2.78) 3.16 (2.55-3.76) 379 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD 1.10 (.853-1.23) 1.53 (1.30-1.85) 2.07 (1.71-2.22) 728 

05-06 * < LOD 1.05 (.930-1.14) 1.56 (1.49-1.73) 1.97 (1.78-2.13) 703 

07-08 * < LOD .970 (.880-1.07) 1.45 (1.19-1.73) 1.97 (1.49-2.34) 366 

09-10 * < LOD 1.21 (1.02-1.45) 1.98 (1.60-2.56) 2.56 (1.94-4.57) 456 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD 1.36 (1.18-1.58) 2.28 (1.82-2.79) 3.00 (2.43-3.53) 1547 

05-06 * < LOD 1.31 (1.13-1.58) 2.46 (2.00-2.91) 3.20 (2.78-3.81) 1531 

07-08 * < LOD 1.32 (1.23-1.45) 2.35 (2.02-2.67) 3.38 (2.78-3.83) 1820 

09-10 * < LOD 1.36 (1.25-1.45) 2.18 (2.00-2.29) 2.91 (2.78-3.20) 2035 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD 1.20 (1.05-1.36) 1.88 (1.53-2.34) 2.50 (2.07-3.45) 1283 

05-06 * < LOD 1.11 (.950-1.28) 1.78 (1.47-2.29) 2.46 (1.88-3.32) 1276 

07-08 * < LOD 1.18 (1.07-1.26) 2.06 (1.85-2.34) 2.71 (2.46-3.37) 1289 

09-10 * < LOD 1.16 (1.07-1.25) 1.79 (1.64-1.99) 2.29 (2.08-2.78) 1402 

Females 03-04 * < LOD 1.50 (<LOD-1.77) 2.40 (1.96-2.86) 3.00 (2.61-3.53) 1284 

05-06 * < LOD 1.58 (1.36-1.76) 2.78 (2.29-3.20) 3.56 (3.05-4.35) 1312 

07-08 * < LOD 1.45 (<LOD-1.60) 2.41 (1.94-2.91) 3.56 (2.78-4.27) 1287 

09-10 * < LOD 1.56 (<LOD-1.73) 2.46 (2.29-2.62) 3.37 (2.91-3.56) 1468 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD 1.46 (1.11-1.93) 2.30 (1.84-3.00) 3.16 (2.40-3.85) 621 

05-06 * < LOD 1.19 (1.08-1.35) 1.92 (1.60-2.13) 2.53 (2.06-2.91) 651 

07-08 * < LOD 1.28 (1.10-1.60) 2.27 (1.64-2.71) 3.05 (2.35-3.76) 513 

09-10 * < LOD 1.31 (<LOD-1.49) 2.00 (1.73-2.56) 3.05 (2.29-3.56) 618 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD .816 (<LOD-.985) 1.37 (1.14-1.61) 1.88 (1.46-2.17) 725 

05-06 * < LOD .790 (.720-.880) 1.11 (.980-1.34) 1.57 (1.23-1.98) 695 

07-08 * < LOD .920 (.840-1.06) 1.45 (1.33-1.73) 2.09 (1.73-2.56) 586 

09-10 * < LOD .970 (<LOD-1.08) 1.73 (1.39-1.94) 2.29 (1.83-2.91) 545 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD 1.33 (1.15-1.62) 2.28 (1.73-2.86) 2.86 (2.35-3.75) 1077 

05-06 * < LOD 1.35 (1.16-1.64) 2.50 (2.00-3.05) 3.20 (2.78-3.81) 1050 

07-08 * < LOD 1.35 (1.23-1.52) 2.37 (2.04-2.78) 3.37 (2.78-4.00) 1063 

09-10 * < LOD 1.36 (<LOD-1.52) 2.21 (1.99-2.37) 2.91 (2.67-3.20) 1226 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

116 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Trimethylarsine oxide 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2568 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2588 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2576 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2871 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 292 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 354 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 390 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 380 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 728 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 703 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 366 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 456 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1548 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1531 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1820 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2035 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1276 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1289 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1403 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1312 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1287 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1468 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 621 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 651 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 513 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 725 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 586 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 546 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1078 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1050 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1063 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1226 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, and 1.0 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

117 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Trimethylarsine oxide (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg As/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2568 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2588 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2576 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2870 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 292 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 354 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 390 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 379 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 728 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 703 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 366 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 456 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1548 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1531 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1820 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2035 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1276 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1289 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1402 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1312 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1287 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1468 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 621 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 651 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 513 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 725 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 586 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 545 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1078 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1050 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1063 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1226 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Arsenic_FactSheet.html

118 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Barium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 1.50 (1.35-1.66) 1.60 (1.50-1.90) 3.10 (2.70-3.40) 5.40 (4.60-6.10) 6.90 (6.20-8.40) 2180 

01-02 1.52 (1.41-1.65) 1.63 (1.50-1.76) 3.12 (2.77-3.51) 5.24 (4.73-5.84) 7.48 (6.54-8.12) 2690 

03-04 1.49 (1.36-1.64) 1.51 (1.35-1.72) 2.91 (2.64-3.28) 5.36 (4.86-5.71) 7.54 (6.93-8.63) 2558 

05-06 1.52 (1.39-1.66) 1.58 (1.44-1.70) 2.99 (2.63-3.41) 5.34 (4.82-5.83) 7.10 (6.46-8.18) 2576 

07-08 1.56 (1.45-1.69) 1.64 (1.49-1.80) 3.01 (2.72-3.34) 4.93 (4.39-5.69) 7.04 (6.07-8.20) 2627 

09-10 1.47 (1.34-1.60) 1.48 (1.35-1.62) 2.81 (2.52-3.06) 4.66 (4.34-5.35) 6.78 (5.86-7.76) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 2.15 (1.70-2.72) 2.20 (1.90-2.50) 4.00 (2.60-6.10) 6.40 (5.20-8.30) 8.30 (5.00-76.2) 297 

01-02 1.80 (1.44-2.26) 2.09 (1.74-2.49) 3.63 (2.86-4.39) 5.37 (4.26-7.38) 6.88 (5.37-8.49) 368 

03-04 2.21 (1.81-2.71) 2.50 (1.81-2.75) 4.76 (3.80-5.65) 8.63 (5.59-11.8) 11.8 (6.87-14.8) 290 

05-06 1.73 (1.53-1.97) 1.87 (1.61-2.03) 3.55 (2.41-4.30) 6.21 (4.30-7.32) 7.72 (6.26-8.92) 355 

07-08 1.75 (1.50-2.04) 1.86 (1.58-2.23) 3.41 (2.85-3.79) 5.57 (4.49-6.59) 7.32 (5.71-9.18) 394 

09-10 1.49 (1.28-1.74) 1.50 (1.22-1.68) 2.72 (2.19-3.13) 4.63 (4.02-5.37) 6.59 (5.24-7.72) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 1.97 (1.78-2.19) 2.00 (1.70-2.30) 3.50 (3.10-4.00) 5.90 (4.80-7.00) 9.70 (5.90-13.1) 621 

01-02 2.03 (1.76-2.34) 2.27 (1.96-2.53) 4.11 (3.48-4.72) 6.73 (5.55-7.87) 9.02 (7.25-11.4) 762 

03-04 2.16 (1.93-2.41) 2.35 (2.06-2.63) 4.11 (3.48-4.71) 7.18 (6.00-8.29) 9.63 (8.15-11.4) 725 

05-06 2.16 (1.92-2.42) 2.33 (1.99-2.56) 3.80 (3.60-4.21) 6.35 (5.48-7.49) 8.24 (6.06-10.5) 701 

07-08 2.18 (1.99-2.39) 2.31 (2.07-2.59) 3.62 (3.34-4.10) 6.19 (4.75-7.51) 8.20 (6.22-11.1) 376 

09-10 1.79 (1.52-2.09) 1.90 (1.46-2.45) 3.25 (2.82-4.14) 5.43 (4.45-6.07) 6.87 (5.73-8.16) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 1.36 (1.24-1.51) 1.50 (1.30-1.70) 2.80 (2.60-3.20) 5.10 (4.30-5.50) 6.40 (5.70-8.40) 1262 

01-02 1.43 (1.32-1.54) 1.50 (1.39-1.65) 2.85 (2.55-3.27) 4.86 (4.53-5.47) 7.14 (6.08-8.12) 1560 

03-04 1.34 (1.20-1.50) 1.39 (1.19-1.56) 2.54 (2.21-2.91) 4.61 (3.99-5.30) 6.61 (5.57-7.43) 1543 

05-06 1.42 (1.28-1.57) 1.43 (1.28-1.63) 2.75 (2.47-3.11) 5.12 (4.45-5.81) 6.83 (6.14-7.90) 1520 

07-08 1.46 (1.35-1.58) 1.51 (1.39-1.67) 2.79 (2.54-3.15) 4.61 (4.19-5.42) 6.80 (5.50-8.37) 1857 

09-10 1.42 (1.30-1.55) 1.43 (1.31-1.58) 2.67 (2.36-3.02) 4.58 (4.22-5.14) 6.80 (5.70-8.63) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 1.70 (1.54-1.88) 1.90 (1.80-2.00) 3.20 (3.00-3.60) 5.50 (4.20-6.70) 7.50 (5.90-9.70) 1083 

01-02 1.64 (1.47-1.82) 1.80 (1.65-1.98) 3.15 (2.76-3.73) 5.52 (4.82-6.35) 7.87 (6.49-9.32) 1335 

03-04 1.62 (1.47-1.78) 1.69 (1.49-1.85) 3.09 (2.81-3.54) 5.65 (5.14-6.16) 8.56 (6.71-9.67) 1281 

05-06 1.66 (1.48-1.85) 1.71 (1.50-1.94) 3.21 (2.76-3.79) 5.48 (4.68-6.22) 7.10 (6.18-8.84) 1271 

07-08 1.62 (1.48-1.77) 1.80 (1.57-1.93) 3.14 (2.79-3.42) 5.00 (4.31-5.70) 6.84 (5.83-7.72) 1327 

09-10 1.53 (1.35-1.74) 1.57 (1.36-1.82) 3.01 (2.53-3.36) 4.83 (4.25-5.77) 6.81 (5.77-8.76) 1398 

Females 99-00 1.33 (1.15-1.53) 1.50 (1.20-1.60) 2.80 (2.30-3.30) 5.20 (4.20-5.90) 6.80 (5.60-10.4) 1097 

01-02 1.43 (1.30-1.56) 1.44 (1.29-1.63) 3.11 (2.74-3.43) 4.93 (4.44-5.88) 7.15 (6.32-7.86) 1355 

03-04 1.38 (1.24-1.54) 1.39 (1.18-1.57) 2.71 (2.41-3.15) 4.95 (4.29-5.51) 6.87 (5.65-8.10) 1277 

05-06 1.40 (1.27-1.54) 1.42 (1.30-1.63) 2.70 (2.39-3.19) 5.21 (4.65-5.71) 7.09 (6.24-7.94) 1305 

07-08 1.51 (1.36-1.68) 1.54 (1.38-1.70) 2.84 (2.52-3.37) 4.87 (4.23-6.13) 7.18 (5.94-8.83) 1300 

09-10 1.40 (1.30-1.51) 1.38 (1.31-1.47) 2.61 (2.41-2.90) 4.58 (4.33-4.95) 6.59 (5.37-7.86) 1450 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.12, 0.12, 0.31, 0.12, 0.12, and 0.12 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Barium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

119 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Barium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 1.35 (1.25-1.46) 1.40 (1.20-1.50) 2.60 (2.30-2.90) 4.50 (4.10-5.30) 6.30 (5.50-6.80) 692 

01-02 1.21 (1.06-1.37) 1.25 (1.11-1.46) 2.56 (2.04-2.91) 4.35 (3.65-5.49) 6.43 (5.21-8.22) 683 

03-04 1.40 (1.15-1.70) 1.45 (1.22-1.73) 2.62 (1.78-3.38) 4.07 (2.95-6.37) 6.01 (4.01-7.88) 618 

05-06 1.33 (1.24-1.42) 1.36 (1.22-1.50) 2.63 (2.35-2.89) 4.47 (3.80-5.23) 6.21 (5.23-7.00) 652 

07-08 1.33 (1.16-1.53) 1.37 (1.19-1.48) 2.60 (2.29-2.84) 4.21 (3.53-4.90) 5.79 (4.90-8.00) 515 

09-10 1.24 (1.07-1.45) 1.18 (1.05-1.40) 2.25 (1.88-2.71) 4.15 (3.55-5.40) 6.35 (5.00-8.75) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 1.34 (1.12-1.62) 1.40 (1.20-1.60) 2.50 (2.30-2.90) 5.10 (3.70-6.60) 7.40 (5.40-13.9) 540 

01-02 1.30 (1.14-1.48) 1.42 (1.22-1.62) 2.61 (2.31-2.82) 4.30 (3.70-5.18) 5.99 (4.87-7.26) 667 

03-04 1.27 (1.17-1.39) 1.38 (1.26-1.48) 2.34 (2.05-2.59) 3.77 (3.35-4.36) 5.86 (4.76-7.45) 723 

05-06 1.25 (1.15-1.37) 1.31 (1.21-1.41) 2.40 (2.22-2.61) 4.24 (3.69-4.83) 6.19 (5.23-6.96) 692 

07-08 1.17 (1.07-1.28) 1.23 (1.12-1.37) 2.14 (2.01-2.34) 3.70 (3.27-4.00) 5.00 (3.93-5.90) 589 

09-10 1.22 (1.08-1.38) 1.22 (1.07-1.38) 2.13 (1.91-2.51) 3.76 (3.09-4.88) 5.50 (4.06-7.32) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 1.56 (1.36-1.80) 1.80 (1.60-2.00) 3.30 (2.80-3.70) 5.50 (4.50-6.30) 7.50 (6.20-8.80) 765 

01-02 1.61 (1.46-1.77) 1.68 (1.54-1.85) 3.31 (2.87-3.74) 5.66 (4.94-6.30) 7.73 (6.61-8.49) 1132 

03-04 1.56 (1.37-1.78) 1.61 (1.28-1.92) 3.12 (2.75-3.70) 5.57 (5.04-6.43) 8.08 (6.87-9.53) 1074 

05-06 1.59 (1.42-1.78) 1.66 (1.50-1.86) 3.08 (2.63-3.79) 5.50 (4.90-6.08) 7.10 (6.46-8.24) 1041 

07-08 1.71 (1.55-1.88) 1.82 (1.62-1.97) 3.36 (2.91-3.71) 5.38 (4.51-6.30) 7.18 (6.22-9.05) 1095 

09-10 1.56 (1.42-1.73) 1.60 (1.40-1.76) 3.00 (2.64-3.36) 4.89 (4.48-5.84) 7.16 (6.12-9.31) 1225 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.12, 0.12, 0.31, 0.12, 0.12, and 0.12 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Barium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

120 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Barium (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 1.40 (1.26-1.56) 1.41 (1.28-1.54) 2.54 (2.20-2.91) 4.68 (3.85-5.47) 6.33 (5.47-8.09) 2180 

01-02 1.44 (1.31-1.58) 1.49 (1.35-1.63) 2.76 (2.51-3.03) 4.58 (4.15-4.96) 6.24 (5.28-7.27) 2689 

03-04 1.48 (1.37-1.60) 1.41 (1.31-1.58) 2.68 (2.44-2.89) 4.92 (4.39-5.45) 7.10 (6.29-7.77) 2558 

05-06 1.50 (1.40-1.61) 1.48 (1.37-1.61) 2.75 (2.50-3.03) 4.65 (4.09-5.10) 6.38 (5.62-7.56) 2576 

07-08 1.63 (1.51-1.75) 1.60 (1.51-1.72) 2.92 (2.72-3.16) 4.85 (4.40-5.57) 7.20 (5.94-8.59) 2627 

09-10 1.56 (1.45-1.68) 1.55 (1.42-1.64) 2.72 (2.54-2.97) 4.69 (4.12-5.16) 6.24 (5.60-7.43) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 2.37 (1.68-3.32) 2.38 (1.84-2.92) 4.47 (2.55-6.46) 10.2 (3.75-22.0) 11.4 (5.46-22.0) 297 

01-02 2.20 (1.91-2.52) 2.41 (2.19-2.83) 3.91 (3.29-4.51) 5.01 (4.58-6.00) 6.71 (5.20-8.47) 368 

03-04 2.58 (2.22-2.99) 3.00 (2.35-3.29) 4.45 (3.57-5.54) 6.69 (5.59-7.70) 10.3 (6.53-21.0) 290 

05-06 2.14 (1.85-2.48) 2.15 (1.76-2.51) 3.83 (3.10-4.73) 6.19 (4.84-7.83) 10.0 (5.76-11.1) 355 

07-08 2.28 (2.04-2.54) 2.41 (2.05-2.59) 4.43 (3.87-4.70) 6.58 (5.05-9.46) 9.89 (7.13-13.3) 394 

09-10 2.03 (1.78-2.30) 2.00 (1.77-2.40) 3.33 (2.81-3.79) 5.04 (4.17-7.39) 8.76 (5.93-10.8) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 1.51 (1.34-1.70) 1.40 (1.26-1.59) 2.48 (1.97-3.06) 4.36 (3.23-5.39) 7.62 (4.24-11.4) 621 

01-02 1.45 (1.33-1.59) 1.56 (1.31-1.77) 2.89 (2.68-3.12) 4.52 (3.84-5.20) 5.55 (4.81-6.10) 762 

03-04 1.54 (1.36-1.75) 1.59 (1.39-1.87) 2.60 (2.24-3.48) 4.97 (4.34-5.58) 6.47 (5.38-7.77) 725 

05-06 1.66 (1.50-1.84) 1.73 (1.52-1.93) 3.15 (2.76-3.42) 4.25 (3.88-4.56) 5.00 (4.46-6.68) 701 

07-08 1.71 (1.52-1.92) 1.70 (1.48-1.96) 3.03 (2.51-3.65) 4.80 (3.96-5.47) 6.17 (4.80-8.12) 376 

09-10 1.67 (1.48-1.88) 1.66 (1.54-1.84) 2.69 (2.24-3.18) 3.98 (3.40-5.29) 6.42 (4.61-9.33) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 1.30 (1.19-1.42) 1.33 (1.20-1.46) 2.32 (2.08-2.62) 4.29 (3.63-4.96) 5.65 (5.28-6.33) 1262 

01-02 1.37 (1.24-1.50) 1.40 (1.24-1.52) 2.53 (2.23-2.84) 4.38 (4.02-5.00) 6.55 (5.00-7.64) 1559 

03-04 1.38 (1.26-1.50) 1.32 (1.22-1.41) 2.39 (2.13-2.70) 4.39 (3.77-5.16) 7.00 (5.45-8.50) 1543 

05-06 1.42 (1.30-1.54) 1.39 (1.26-1.55) 2.59 (2.33-2.82) 4.53 (3.65-5.40) 6.34 (5.37-7.67) 1520 

07-08 1.56 (1.44-1.69) 1.55 (1.40-1.66) 2.80 (2.55-3.04) 4.64 (4.05-5.43) 7.20 (5.78-8.65) 1857 

09-10 1.50 (1.40-1.61) 1.46 (1.38-1.55) 2.67 (2.42-2.92) 4.71 (4.07-5.23) 6.03 (5.53-7.34) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 1.32 (1.22-1.42) 1.36 (1.23-1.47) 2.39 (2.11-2.57) 4.24 (3.48-5.00) 5.61 (4.39-10.2) 1083 

01-02 1.30 (1.16-1.45) 1.34 (1.19-1.50) 2.46 (2.14-2.83) 4.51 (3.73-4.96) 5.42 (4.81-7.51) 1334 

03-04 1.36 (1.26-1.47) 1.31 (1.19-1.43) 2.60 (2.37-2.75) 4.36 (3.97-4.72) 6.01 (5.45-6.96) 1281 

05-06 1.36 (1.23-1.50) 1.38 (1.25-1.52) 2.36 (2.19-2.73) 4.24 (3.65-4.82) 5.69 (4.75-7.36) 1271 

07-08 1.45 (1.34-1.55) 1.50 (1.32-1.60) 2.59 (2.34-2.79) 4.30 (3.84-4.72) 5.56 (5.05-6.30) 1327 

09-10 1.40 (1.28-1.52) 1.38 (1.29-1.50) 2.39 (2.13-2.68) 4.05 (3.52-4.71) 5.55 (4.89-6.77) 1398 

Females 99-00 1.49 (1.27-1.74) 1.48 (1.29-1.68) 2.65 (2.13-3.46) 4.91 (3.96-6.38) 7.36 (5.25-11.3) 1097 

01-02 1.59 (1.45-1.75) 1.64 (1.48-1.79) 2.98 (2.75-3.30) 4.76 (4.38-5.31) 6.97 (5.86-7.52) 1355 

03-04 1.60 (1.45-1.77) 1.55 (1.35-1.73) 2.78 (2.34-3.25) 5.50 (4.43-6.86) 7.88 (6.28-11.5) 1277 

05-06 1.65 (1.54-1.76) 1.63 (1.45-1.83) 3.09 (2.71-3.38) 4.87 (4.48-5.65) 7.48 (6.04-10.0) 1305 

07-08 1.83 (1.63-2.05) 1.74 (1.52-2.06) 3.22 (2.82-3.89) 5.94 (4.57-7.38) 8.15 (7.18-9.49) 1300 

09-10 1.73 (1.60-1.87) 1.71 (1.62-1.86) 3.06 (2.72-3.41) 5.06 (4.59-5.74) 6.58 (5.88-8.19) 1450 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Barium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

121 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Barium (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 1.21 (1.10-1.33) 1.18 (1.05-1.38) 2.39 (2.10-2.59) 4.00 (3.33-4.80) 5.31 (4.80-6.51) 692 

01-02 1.18 (1.03-1.34) 1.16 (1.00-1.38) 2.33 (1.90-2.61) 3.68 (3.29-4.10) 4.96 (4.24-6.80) 682 

03-04 1.29 (1.08-1.55) 1.28 (1.03-1.53) 2.25 (1.73-2.97) 3.99 (2.79-5.03) 4.99 (4.24-6.56) 618 

05-06 1.25 (1.17-1.33) 1.21 (1.09-1.33) 2.27 (1.84-2.61) 3.66 (3.07-4.35) 5.11 (4.00-5.95) 652 

07-08 1.33 (1.16-1.53) 1.28 (1.14-1.49) 2.40 (1.87-2.90) 4.23 (3.45-4.87) 6.18 (4.75-7.27) 515 

09-10 1.30 (1.18-1.44) 1.26 (1.14-1.41) 2.33 (1.98-2.79) 3.55 (3.11-4.42) 5.50 (4.27-6.58) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .881 (.703-1.11) .905 (.710-1.06) 1.64 (1.36-2.00) 3.27 (2.26-4.76) 4.84 (3.57-10.8) 540 

01-02 .891 (.777-1.02) .921 (.754-1.11) 1.64 (1.44-2.03) 2.86 (2.48-3.37) 4.02 (3.52-4.68) 667 

03-04 .915 (.832-1.01) .963 (.880-1.04) 1.51 (1.39-1.75) 2.62 (2.29-3.04) 3.76 (3.22-4.72) 723 

05-06 .909 (.845-.979) .880 (.820-.970) 1.78 (1.56-1.97) 2.99 (2.63-3.14) 3.91 (3.39-4.73) 692 

07-08 .858 (.807-.913) .850 (.790-.920) 1.53 (1.34-1.61) 2.51 (2.01-3.03) 3.43 (2.83-5.05) 589 

09-10 .965 (.853-1.09) .930 (.860-1.05) 1.63 (1.40-1.85) 2.92 (2.33-3.34) 3.71 (3.24-4.69) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 1.56 (1.38-1.77) 1.55 (1.36-1.74) 2.72 (2.27-3.24) 5.00 (3.81-6.02) 6.60 (5.52-10.2) 765 

01-02 1.62 (1.49-1.76) 1.66 (1.49-1.82) 3.04 (2.76-3.32) 4.96 (4.55-5.41) 6.74 (5.57-7.64) 1132 

03-04 1.64 (1.49-1.82) 1.60 (1.40-1.76) 2.88 (2.56-3.26) 5.38 (4.67-6.28) 7.57 (6.69-9.27) 1074 

05-06 1.65 (1.52-1.80) 1.61 (1.46-1.83) 2.95 (2.70-3.26) 4.82 (4.32-5.65) 7.21 (5.69-8.51) 1041 

07-08 1.91 (1.74-2.10) 1.85 (1.65-2.09) 3.22 (2.84-3.76) 5.42 (4.55-6.91) 7.81 (6.33-9.45) 1095 

09-10 1.75 (1.59-1.92) 1.70 (1.58-1.86) 2.99 (2.67-3.33) 5.00 (4.14-5.69) 6.63 (5.69-8.50) 1225 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Barium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

122 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Beryllium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2465 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2690 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2558 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2576 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2627 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 340 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 368 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 290 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 355 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 394 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 378 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 719 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .140 (<LOD-.170) 762 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 725 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 701 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 376 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 451 

20 years and older 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1406 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1560 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1543 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1520 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1857 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1227 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .130 (<LOD-.150) 1335 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1281 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1271 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1327 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1398 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1238 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1355 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1277 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1305 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1300 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1450 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.13, 0.13, 0.13, 0.072, 0.072, and 0.072 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Beryllium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

123 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Beryllium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 884 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .130 (<LOD-.160) 683 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 652 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 515 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 568 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 667 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 723 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 692 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 589 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 822 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1132 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1074 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1041 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1095 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1225 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.13, 0.13, 0.13, 0.072, 0.072, and 0.072 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Beryllium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

124 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Beryllium (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2465 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2689 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2558 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2576 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2627 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 340 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 368 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 290 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 355 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 394 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 378 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 719 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .231 (<LOD-.273) 762 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 725 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 701 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 376 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 451 

20 years and older 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1406 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1559 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1543 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1520 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1857 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1227 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .281 (<LOD-.333) 1334 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1281 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1271 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1327 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1398 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1238 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1355 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1277 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1305 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1300 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1450 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Beryllium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

125 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Beryllium (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 884 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .346 (<LOD-.391) 682 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 652 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 515 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 568 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 667 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 723 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 692 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 589 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 822 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1132 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1074 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1041 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1095 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1225 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Beryllium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

126 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Cadmium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of blood concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .412 (.378-.449) .400 (.300-.400) .600 (.500-.700) 1.00 (1.00-1.10) 1.40 (1.30-1.40) 7970 

01-02 * .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.500-.600) 1.00 (.900-1.10) 1.40 (1.20-1.70) 8945 

03-04 .304 (.289-.320) .300 (.300-.300) .500 (.500-.600) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.60 (1.50-1.60) 8372 

05-06 .310 (.294-.327) .270 (.250-.280) .510 (.460-.560) 1.02 (.910-1.13) 1.53 (1.34-1.75) 8407 

07-08 .315 (.300-.331) .270 (.260-.280) .500 (.460-.560) 1.00 (.900-1.13) 1.52 (1.30-1.77) 8266 

09-10 .302 (.293-.311) .260 (.250-.270) .480 (.460-.510) .960 (.880-1.01) 1.40 (1.29-1.53) 8793 

Age group 

1-5 years 99-00 * < LOD .300 (<LOD-.400) .400 (.300-.400) .400 (.300-.700) 723 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (.300-.300) 898 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.200-.300) .200 (.200-.400) 910 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .230 (.210-.250) 968 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .210 (<LOD-.230) .240 (.220-.260) 817 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.210) .220 (.200-.240) 836 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD .300 (<LOD-.400) .400 (.300-.500) .500 (.400-.500) 905 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.300-.300) .400 (.400-.400) 1044 

03-04 * < LOD .200 (<LOD-.200) .300 (.200-.300) .300 (.300-.300) 856 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .220 (.200-.240) .260 (.230-.280) 934 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .230 (.210-.240) .260 (.240-.280) 1011 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .210 (.200-.240) .240 (.220-.280) 1009 

12-19 years 99-00 .333 (.304-.366) .300 (.300-.400) .400 (.400-.500) .800 (.600-1.00) 1.10 (.900-1.20) 2135 

01-02 * < LOD .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.400-.700) .900 (.700-1.20) 2231 

03-04 * .200 (<LOD-.200) .300 (.300-.300) .600 (.500-.700) .900 (.800-1.10) 2081 

05-06 * < LOD .250 (.240-.270) .520 (.410-.680) .960 (.820-1.08) 1996 

07-08 * < LOD .260 (.240-.270) .520 (.400-.670) .900 (.730-1.19) 1074 

09-10 * < LOD .240 (.220-.260) .340 (.310-.450) .620 (.460-.850) 1183 

20 years and older 99-00 .468 (.426-.513) .400 (.400-.500) .700 (.600-.800) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.50 (1.40-1.60) 4207 

01-02 .425 (.400-.452) .400 (.400-.400) .600 (.600-.700) 1.10 (1.00-1.30) 1.60 (1.40-1.90) 4772 

03-04 .378 (.359-.398) .400 (.300-.400) .600 (.600-.700) 1.20 (1.20-1.30) 1.80 (1.60-1.90) 4525 

05-06 .373 (.352-.395) .330 (.310-.350) .610 (.570-.660) 1.17 (1.06-1.26) 1.72 (1.53-1.95) 4509 

07-08 .376 (.354-.399) .330 (.310-.350) .600 (.550-.670) 1.16 (1.02-1.30) 1.70 (1.50-1.96) 5364 

09-10 .358 (.347-.370) .320 (.310-.330) .580 (.550-.600) 1.10 (1.00-1.18) 1.55 (1.43-1.72) 5765 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .403 (.368-.441) .400 (.300-.400) .600 (.500-.700) 1.00 (.900-1.10) 1.40 (1.30-1.50) 3913 

01-02 * .300 (<LOD-.300) .500 (.500-.600) 1.00 (.900-1.10) 1.50 (1.20-1.80) 4339 

03-04 .283 (.266-.300) .300 (.200-.300) .500 (.500-.500) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.60 (1.50-1.60) 4131 

05-06 * .240 (.220-.260) .470 (.420-.530) 1.02 (.910-1.12) 1.53 (1.27-1.86) 4092 

07-08 .299 (.283-.317) .250 (.230-.260) .470 (.420-.540) 1.05 (.930-1.19) 1.60 (1.30-1.90) 4147 

09-10 .279 (.268-.289) .230 (.220-.240) .410 (.390-.460) .920 (.830-1.00) 1.45 (1.30-1.58) 4366 

Females 99-00 .421 (.386-.460) .400 (.400-.400) .600 (.500-.700) 1.00 (1.00-1.10) 1.30 (1.20-1.40) 4057 

01-02 .382 (.362-.403) .400 (.300-.400) .600 (.500-.600) 1.00 (.900-1.10) 1.40 (1.20-1.70) 4606 

03-04 .326 (.309-.344) .300 (.300-.300) .600 (.500-.600) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.60 (1.50-1.70) 4241 

05-06 .329 (.311-.349) .290 (.280-.310) .530 (.480-.580) 1.02 (.870-1.18) 1.54 (1.33-1.79) 4315 

07-08 .331 (.316-.348) .290 (.280-.310) .530 (.480-.570) .980 (.860-1.10) 1.43 (1.29-1.63) 4119 

09-10 .326 (.314-.339) .290 (.280-.310) .520 (.490-.550) .960 (.880-1.10) 1.40 (1.20-1.53) 4427 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.3, 0.3, 0.14, 0.2, 0.2, and 0.2 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cadmium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cadmium_FactSheet.html

127 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Cadmium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of blood concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .395 (.367-.424) .400 (.400-.400) .500 (.500-.600) .800 (.700-1.00) 1.20 (.900-1.30) 2742 

01-02 * < LOD .400 (.400-.500) .600 (.500-.800) 1.00 (.700-1.30) 2268 

03-04 .235 (.216-.255) .200 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.400) .600 (.500-.800) 1.00 (.800-1.50) 2085 

05-06 * .220 (.200-.240) .350 (.300-.400) .580 (.510-.680) .820 (.710-1.00) 2236 

07-08 * .220 (.210-.230) .350 (.320-.370) .570 (.510-.660) .840 (.690-1.02) 1712 

09-10 * .220 (.200-.230) .330 (.300-.370) .580 (.500-.670) .800 (.690-.960) 1966 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .393 (.361-.427) .400 (.300-.400) .600 (.500-.600) 1.00 (.900-1.20) 1.40 (1.20-1.60) 1842 

01-02 * .300 (<LOD-.300) .500 (.500-.600) 1.00 (.900-1.10) 1.40 (1.20-1.70) 2219 

03-04 .304 (.275-.337) .300 (.300-.300) .500 (.400-.600) 1.00 (.900-1.20) 1.50 (1.30-1.70) 2292 

05-06 .307 (.290-.326) .260 (.250-.280) .490 (.440-.570) 1.03 (.880-1.21) 1.50 (1.23-1.79) 2193 

07-08 .333 (.316-.352) .280 (.270-.300) .550 (.480-.620) 1.20 (1.01-1.36) 1.81 (1.45-2.13) 1746 

09-10 .328 (.310-.347) .280 (.260-.290) .550 (.490-.640) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.52 (1.38-1.73) 1593 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .420 (.376-.470) .400 (.300-.500) .600 (.500-.700) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.40 (1.30-1.50) 2716 

01-02 * .300 (.300-.400) .600 (.500-.600) 1.00 (.900-1.20) 1.50 (1.30-1.80) 3806 

03-04 .313 (.296-.331) .300 (.300-.300) .600 (.500-.600) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.60 (1.50-1.70) 3478 

05-06 .321 (.300-.343) .270 (.250-.300) .540 (.470-.610) 1.08 (.930-1.23) 1.64 (1.40-1.94) 3310 

07-08 .321 (.303-.341) .270 (.260-.290) .520 (.470-.580) 1.05 (.920-1.20) 1.55 (1.30-1.80) 3461 

09-10 .307 (.297-.318) .270 (.260-.280) .490 (.460-.540) .990 (.900-1.10) 1.50 (1.36-1.60) 3760 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.3, 0.3, 0.14, 0.2, 0.2, and 0.2 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cadmium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cadmium_FactSheet.html

128 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Cadmium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .193 (.169-.220) .232 (.214-.249) .475 (.436-.519) .858 (.763-.980) 1.20 (1.06-1.34) 2257 

01-02 .210 (.189-.235) .230 (.207-.255) .458 (.423-.482) .839 (.753-.919) 1.20 (1.07-1.28) 2690 

03-04 .211 (.196-.226) .210 (.200-.230) .450 (.400-.500) .800 (.730-.880) 1.15 (.980-1.26) 2543 

05-06 .191 (.170-.216) .200 (.170-.220) .400 (.360-.460) .780 (.700-.860) 1.05 (.960-1.17) 2576 

07-08 .185 (.172-.198) .180 (.170-.200) .380 (.360-.400) .700 (.650-.770) 1.00 (.920-1.12) 2627 

09-10 .179 (.169-.190) .180 (.170-.200) .370 (.340-.400) .690 (.630-.770) 1.03 (.910-1.13) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * .078 (.061-.101) .141 (.115-.173) .219 (.178-.233) .279 (.211-.507) 310 

01-02 .061 (<LOD-.081) .077 (.067-.092) .140 (.112-.160) .219 (.184-.262) .282 (.260-.326) 368 

03-04 .077 (.065-.090) .080 (.060-.090) .120 (.100-.160) .180 (.160-.310) .310 (.170-.610) 287 

05-06 .066 (.056-.078) .060 (.050-.080) .110 (.090-.130) .180 (.130-.240) .240 (.160-.290) 355 

07-08 .064 (.058-.071) .060 (.050-.070) .110 (.090-.130) .180 (.140-.210) .230 (.180-.310) 394 

09-10 .057 (.053-.061) .060 (.050-.060) .090 (.080-.100) .130 (.120-.160) .170 (.140-.230) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .092 (.067-.126) .128 (.107-.148) .203 (.183-.232) .329 (.272-.372) .426 (.366-.596) 648 

01-02 .109 (.087-.136) .135 (.114-.157) .210 (.189-.247) .327 (.289-.366) .452 (.366-.480) 762 

03-04 .121 (.109-.134) .130 (.110-.150) .200 (.170-.210) .300 (.260-.360) .390 (.330-.490) 724 

05-06 .099 (.090-.109) .110 (.100-.120) .170 (.150-.190) .240 (.210-.280) .310 (.250-.430) 701 

07-08 .089 (.080-.100) .080 (.070-.110) .160 (.140-.170) .260 (.200-.300) .330 (.280-.410) 376 

09-10 .081 (.076-.086) .080 (.070-.080) .140 (.120-.150) .220 (.180-.250) .280 (.240-.300) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .281 (.253-.313) .306 (.261-.339) .551 (.510-.623) .980 (.836-1.13) 1.32 (1.13-1.57) 1299 

01-02 .273 (.249-.299) .280 (.261-.308) .545 (.493-.607) .972 (.855-1.06) 1.28 (1.20-1.43) 1560 

03-04 .260 (.238-.284) .270 (.240-.300) .530 (.470-.580) .890 (.800-.990) 1.25 (1.09-1.46) 1532 

05-06 .241 (.213-.272) .250 (.220-.290) .490 (.440-.560) .860 (.790-.930) 1.21 (1.06-1.32) 1520 

07-08 .232 (.215-.251) .240 (.210-.260) .450 (.410-.490) .790 (.730-.870) 1.13 (.990-1.44) 1857 

09-10 .229 (.213-.245) .230 (.210-.260) .430 (.400-.470) .790 (.700-.910) 1.13 (1.03-1.28) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .199 (.165-.241) .227 (.193-.263) .462 (.381-.539) .892 (.748-1.15) 1.41 (.980-1.83) 1121 

01-02 .201 (.177-.229) .223 (.191-.257) .445 (.393-.481) .875 (.741-1.03) 1.22 (1.12-1.38) 1335 

03-04 .206 (.190-.222) .210 (.190-.230) .440 (.390-.490) .790 (.700-.870) 1.01 (.890-1.25) 1277 

05-06 .195 (.176-.217) .210 (.190-.230) .400 (.360-.440) .800 (.730-.890) 1.17 (1.01-1.30) 1271 

07-08 .179 (.162-.197) .180 (.160-.200) .360 (.320-.400) .670 (.540-.780) .950 (.800-1.16) 1327 

09-10 .170 (.157-.185) .180 (.150-.200) .350 (.310-.380) .650 (.560-.700) .950 (.770-1.14) 1398 

Females 99-00 .187 (.153-.229) .239 (.220-.255) .492 (.456-.540) .818 (.705-.980) 1.10 (1.01-1.19) 1136 

01-02 .219 (.192-.251) .234 (.202-.265) .466 (.433-.519) .817 (.733-.886) 1.17 (.918-1.36) 1355 

03-04 .216 (.195-.238) .210 (.200-.240) .450 (.400-.530) .820 (.700-.960) 1.20 (1.02-1.37) 1266 

05-06 .188 (.160-.221) .190 (.160-.220) .400 (.350-.480) .750 (.640-.860) .980 (.830-1.20) 1305 

07-08 .191 (.177-.207) .190 (.170-.200) .400 (.370-.430) .740 (.660-.840) 1.09 (.940-1.38) 1300 

09-10 .188 (.172-.206) .200 (.170-.210) .400 (.360-.440) .740 (.620-.880) 1.07 (.910-1.31) 1450 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.06, 0.06, 0.06, 0.042, 0.042, and 0.042 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**All results are corrected for molybdenum oxide interference in the ICP-MS method. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cadmium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cadmium_FactSheet.html

129 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Cadmium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .191 (.157-.233) .202 (.167-.221) .447 (.351-.551) .813 (.686-.977) 1.12 (.886-1.38) 780 

01-02 .160 (.135-.189) .181 (.171-.198) .322 (.285-.362) .559 (.430-.733) .766 (.633-1.15) 683 

03-04 .175 (.151-.203) .170 (.150-.210) .350 (.290-.430) .680 (.520-.820) 1.04 (.820-1.20) 614 

05-06 .173 (.152-.196) .180 (.160-.200) .340 (.300-.380) .560 (.500-.630) .780 (.660-.900) 652 

07-08 .159 (.139-.181) .170 (.140-.200) .320 (.290-.370) .570 (.510-.620) .710 (.630-.830) 515 

09-10 .153 (.136-.173) .150 (.130-.170) .300 (.240-.360) .530 (.440-.680) .790 (.610-.840) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .283 (.208-.387) .316 (.243-.412) .633 (.498-.806) 1.22 (.892-1.38) 1.48 (1.30-1.72) 546 

01-02 .277 (.229-.336) .302 (.257-.354) .589 (.476-.713) 1.04 (.843-1.38) 1.51 (1.28-1.74) 667 

03-04 .265 (.237-.295) .270 (.220-.320) .550 (.440-.640) .960 (.810-1.17) 1.52 (1.06-1.82) 717 

05-06 .236 (.218-.254) .240 (.210-.260) .480 (.420-.530) .830 (.670-.930) 1.04 (.870-1.26) 692 

07-08 .246 (.218-.277) .260 (.220-.300) .460 (.420-.530) .840 (.690-.980) 1.40 (.900-1.85) 589 

09-10 .234 (.211-.260) .240 (.220-.270) .450 (.410-.540) .910 (.750-1.06) 1.42 (.990-1.74) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .175 (.148-.206) .220 (.194-.246) .455 (.388-.510) .848 (.714-1.01) 1.17 (.963-1.47) 760 

01-02 .204 (.179-.231) .221 (.191-.255) .445 (.394-.479) .817 (.717-.875) 1.17 (.989-1.24) 1132 

03-04 .209 (.192-.226) .200 (.190-.220) .440 (.390-.500) .790 (.700-.860) 1.13 (.940-1.26) 1070 

05-06 .185 (.159-.216) .200 (.160-.230) .400 (.330-.480) .780 (.670-.920) 1.05 (.940-1.25) 1041 

07-08 .177 (.161-.195) .170 (.150-.190) .370 (.320-.400) .690 (.620-.780) 1.00 (.880-1.13) 1095 

09-10 .171 (.158-.186) .180 (.150-.200) .350 (.320-.390) .680 (.590-.780) 1.05 (.880-1.18) 1225 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.06, 0.06, 0.06, 0.042, 0.042, and 0.042 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result 

.**All results are corrected for molybdenum oxide interference in the ICP-MS method. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cadmium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cadmium_FactSheet.html

130 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Cadmium (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .181 (.157-.209) .219 (.199-.238) .423 (.391-.446) .712 (.645-.757) .941 (.826-1.07) 2257 

01-02 .199 (.181-.218) .212 (.194-.232) .404 (.377-.440) .690 (.630-.754) .919 (.813-.998) 2689 

03-04 .210 (.201-.219) .208 (.189-.226) .412 (.381-.438) .678 (.650-.716) .940 (.833-1.04) 2543 

05-06 .189 (.169-.210) .180 (.160-.200) .370 (.310-.430) .650 (.590-.720) .910 (.770-1.08) 2576 

07-08 .193 (.177-.210) .190 (.180-.210) .370 (.330-.410) .660 (.580-.740) .960 (.840-1.06) 2627 

09-10 .191 (.184-.199) .180 (.170-.190) .370 (.340-.400) .680 (.630-.730) .910 (.840-1.00) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * .085 (.063-.107) .148 (.123-.182) .210 (.171-.316) .316 (.184-.607) 310 

01-02 .075 (<LOD-.094) .100 (.083-.112) .166 (.136-.192) .233 (.206-.281) .318 (.221-.440) 368 

03-04 .090 (.078-.104) .091 (.075-.104) .126 (.111-.156) .200 (.147-.350) .308 (.178-.415) 287 

05-06 .081 (.072-.092) .080 (.070-.090) .130 (.110-.140) .170 (.150-.190) .200 (.180-.240) 355 

07-08 .084 (.076-.092) .080 (.080-.090) .120 (.110-.140) .170 (.150-.240) .260 (.180-.430) 394 

09-10 .077 (.070-.085) .080 (.070-.090) .110 (.100-.130) .160 (.130-.220) .230 (.140-.280) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .071 (.051-.098) .093 (.084-.106) .147 (.130-.163) .215 (.204-.240) .283 (.222-.404) 648 

01-02 .078 (.067-.091) .091 (.085-.101) .137 (.123-.143) .191 (.175-.234) .280 (.234-.321) 762 

03-04 .086 (.077-.096) .084 (.074-.097) .122 (.113-.135) .176 (.154-.198) .234 (.187-.274) 724 

05-06 .076 (.071-.081) .080 (.070-.090) .120 (.110-.130) .150 (.140-.180) .210 (.160-.240) 701 

07-08 .070 (.062-.079) .070 (.070-.080) .110 (.100-.110) .150 (.140-.160) .180 (.160-.210) 376 

09-10 .076 (.068-.084) .080 (.070-.090) .120 (.100-.130) .160 (.140-.180) .190 (.170-.270) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .267 (.247-.289) .288 (.261-.304) .484 (.433-.545) .769 (.727-.818) 1.07 (.927-1.17) 1299 

01-02 .261 (.236-.289) .273 (.247-.303) .481 (.426-.518) .779 (.691-.850) .979 (.874-1.12) 1559 

03-04 .268 (.255-.281) .270 (.247-.292) .490 (.444-.538) .767 (.688-.830) 1.02 (.909-1.14) 1532 

05-06 .240 (.216-.267) .230 (.200-.260) .440 (.400-.500) .730 (.660-.820) 1.02 (.850-1.18) 1520 

07-08 .247 (.227-.270) .240 (.220-.270) .430 (.390-.470) .740 (.670-.840) 1.05 (.930-1.16) 1857 

09-10 .242 (.232-.253) .230 (.220-.250) .440 (.420-.460) .760 (.700-.820) 1.01 (.910-1.14) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .154 (.131-.182) .176 (.158-.191) .329 (.293-.382) .617 (.537-.700) .789 (.696-.929) 1121 

01-02 .159 (.143-.177) .168 (.157-.182) .335 (.304-.364) .536 (.491-.653) .757 (.690-.856) 1334 

03-04 .173 (.161-.187) .162 (.143-.185) .325 (.300-.352) .591 (.560-.631) .740 (.678-.795) 1277 

05-06 .160 (.145-.177) .150 (.130-.160) .300 (.260-.340) .620 (.560-.670) .820 (.710-.990) 1271 

07-08 .160 (.146-.175) .160 (.140-.180) .290 (.260-.330) .520 (.440-.650) .740 (.600-.960) 1327 

09-10 .155 (.149-.161) .140 (.140-.160) .280 (.250-.300) .540 (.510-.600) .800 (.670-.900) 1398 

Females 99-00 .211 (.170-.261) .267 (.239-.308) .473 (.423-.551) .783 (.690-.917) 1.09 (.813-1.38) 1136 

01-02 .245 (.216-.278) .263 (.228-.297) .479 (.414-.541) .792 (.687-.884) .985 (.876-1.16) 1355 

03-04 .252 (.238-.266) .253 (.227-.288) .487 (.438-.533) .802 (.716-.906) 1.06 (.940-1.21) 1266 

05-06 .220 (.193-.252) .220 (.180-.250) .420 (.370-.470) .690 (.590-.850) .990 (.780-1.31) 1305 

07-08 .231 (.210-.254) .230 (.200-.270) .440 (.390-.480) .770 (.700-.860) 1.08 (.970-1.16) 1300 

09-10 .233 (.218-.248) .240 (.220-.260) .450 (.420-.490) .770 (.680-.860) 1.09 (.910-1.19) 1450 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**All results are corrected for molybdenum oxide interference in the ICP-MS method. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cadmium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cadmium_FactSheet.html

131 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Cadmium (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .175 (.137-.223) .181 (.144-.225) .331 (.266-.418) .622 (.441-.828) .856 (.674-1.13) 780 

01-02 .156 (.136-.178) .170 (.150-.184) .282 (.263-.340) .501 (.388-.614) .693 (.507-.839) 682 

03-04 .163 (.147-.181) .159 (.140-.183) .296 (.256-.311) .531 (.418-.667) .718 (.562-.950) 614 

05-06 .162 (.146-.181) .150 (.140-.170) .280 (.220-.340) .480 (.430-.510) .570 (.520-.640) 652 

07-08 .159 (.141-.178) .160 (.130-.180) .270 (.220-.330) .480 (.370-.620) .720 (.520-.950) 515 

09-10 .161 (.149-.173) .150 (.130-.170) .280 (.240-.320) .510 (.410-.630) .720 (.540-.890) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .183 (.140-.240) .202 (.168-.241) .414 (.343-.472) .663 (.516-.827) .873 (.722-.962) 546 

01-02 .190 (.156-.232) .196 (.174-.225) .387 (.336-.449) .686 (.559-.850) .917 (.725-1.08) 667 

03-04 .190 (.173-.210) .185 (.168-.207) .338 (.288-.431) .700 (.500-.818) .865 (.708-1.10) 717 

05-06 .171 (.159-.183) .160 (.140-.180) .320 (.290-.370) .550 (.500-.580) .700 (.610-.730) 692 

07-08 .180 (.164-.197) .170 (.160-.190) .330 (.290-.390) .600 (.470-.700) .770 (.690-.900) 589 

09-10 .186 (.170-.203) .180 (.160-.200) .360 (.310-.430) .680 (.570-.760) .860 (.740-1.04) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .175 (.146-.209) .219 (.191-.250) .432 (.387-.470) .729 (.666-.783) 1.00 (.826-1.16) 760 

01-02 .205 (.184-.229) .224 (.208-.242) .421 (.382-.470) .719 (.668-.784) .931 (.806-1.05) 1132 

03-04 .220 (.207-.235) .221 (.197-.253) .434 (.398-.476) .687 (.647-.767) 1.00 (.830-1.08) 1070 

05-06 .193 (.169-.221) .180 (.160-.220) .390 (.310-.480) .680 (.630-.750) .930 (.800-1.07) 1041 

07-08 .199 (.178-.222) .200 (.180-.230) .380 (.340-.440) .700 (.630-.810) 1.03 (.880-1.13) 1095 

09-10 .192 (.183-.201) .180 (.170-.200) .390 (.340-.420) .700 (.630-.760) .910 (.840-1.02) 1225 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**All results are corrected for molybdenum oxide interference in the ICP-MS method. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cadmium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cadmium_FactSheet.html

132 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Cesium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 4.35 (4.00-4.74) 4.90 (4.40-5.40) 7.10 (6.60-7.70) 9.60 (8.80-10.3) 11.5 (10.2-13.0) 2464 

01-02 4.81 (4.40-5.26) 5.49 (5.12-5.90) 7.91 (7.47-8.39) 10.4 (9.56-11.4) 12.6 (11.1-13.8) 2690 

03-04 4.67 (4.39-4.97) 5.14 (4.84-5.49) 7.68 (7.20-8.21) 10.6 (9.55-11.4) 12.7 (11.5-13.9) 2558 

05-06 4.69 (4.41-4.98) 5.19 (4.91-5.43) 7.68 (7.21-8.09) 10.1 (9.65-10.9) 12.6 (12.0-13.4) 2576 

07-08 4.42 (4.25-4.60) 4.90 (4.64-5.12) 7.02 (6.79-7.38) 9.46 (9.04-9.86) 11.3 (10.5-11.8) 2627 

09-10 4.06 (3.87-4.26) 4.47 (4.22-4.66) 6.54 (6.35-6.75) 8.98 (8.25-9.68) 11.0 (10.1-11.6) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 4.87 (4.08-5.81) 5.70 (4.60-6.70) 7.30 (6.70-8.00) 9.00 (7.90-10.1) 9.70 (9.00-10.8) 340 

01-02 4.87 (4.08-5.82) 5.64 (4.69-6.56) 7.96 (6.77-8.84) 9.88 (8.64-10.6) 11.1 (10.2-12.4) 368 

03-04 5.21 (4.74-5.71) 5.50 (4.76-6.37) 8.08 (7.10-8.83) 11.5 (8.86-12.9) 12.9 (10.8-13.6) 290 

05-06 4.74 (4.31-5.21) 5.38 (4.67-5.60) 7.00 (6.38-7.50) 9.30 (8.60-9.95) 11.2 (9.62-12.9) 355 

07-08 4.58 (4.22-4.96) 5.10 (4.50-5.44) 6.91 (6.45-7.47) 8.25 (7.77-8.93) 9.88 (8.47-10.9) 394 

09-10 4.21 (3.84-4.62) 4.58 (4.01-5.12) 6.68 (6.25-6.98) 8.28 (7.47-9.11) 9.56 (8.68-11.9) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 4.55 (4.09-5.05) 5.20 (4.40-5.60) 6.90 (6.10-7.80) 8.80 (8.10-9.50) 10.7 (8.90-12.5) 718 

01-02 5.22 (4.57-5.95) 5.62 (5.16-6.12) 7.55 (7.13-8.04) 9.77 (9.12-11.1) 12.0 (10.0-15.0) 762 

03-04 5.04 (4.59-5.54) 5.70 (5.16-6.07) 7.53 (6.91-8.37) 9.71 (8.80-10.4) 11.6 (9.92-13.2) 725 

05-06 4.76 (4.24-5.34) 5.27 (4.80-5.74) 7.50 (6.71-8.04) 9.60 (8.52-10.5) 10.6 (9.68-11.8) 701 

07-08 4.58 (4.10-5.13) 5.14 (4.30-5.76) 6.93 (6.33-7.37) 9.20 (7.67-9.91) 10.6 (8.91-15.1) 376 

09-10 3.70 (3.39-4.02) 4.11 (3.54-4.70) 6.17 (5.72-6.47) 8.20 (7.16-8.79) 9.52 (8.66-10.6) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 4.26 (3.94-4.62) 4.80 (4.40-5.30) 7.10 (6.50-7.60) 9.80 (8.90-10.7) 11.7 (10.2-13.4) 1406 

01-02 4.74 (4.32-5.20) 5.43 (5.05-5.87) 7.97 (7.43-8.52) 10.6 (9.73-11.5) 12.9 (11.2-14.2) 1560 

03-04 4.56 (4.23-4.90) 5.03 (4.60-5.42) 7.66 (7.01-8.34) 10.7 (9.40-11.5) 12.9 (11.5-14.9) 1543 

05-06 4.67 (4.38-4.99) 5.14 (4.84-5.44) 7.77 (7.32-8.30) 10.4 (9.72-11.5) 13.2 (12.4-13.9) 1520 

07-08 4.38 (4.20-4.58) 4.79 (4.59-4.99) 7.12 (6.81-7.52) 9.69 (9.23-10.2) 11.4 (10.6-12.0) 1857 

09-10 4.10 (3.88-4.34) 4.49 (4.21-4.71) 6.57 (6.33-6.84) 9.26 (8.37-10.1) 11.1 (10.3-11.9) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 4.84 (4.35-5.38) 5.50 (4.60-6.00) 7.50 (7.00-8.20) 9.70 (8.80-11.3) 11.7 (10.3-13.0) 1226 

01-02 5.34 (4.89-5.84) 6.13 (5.61-6.64) 8.27 (7.84-9.08) 10.8 (10.1-12.1) 12.8 (11.3-15.0) 1335 

03-04 5.03 (4.73-5.36) 5.59 (5.17-6.00) 7.98 (7.31-8.63) 11.0 (9.53-11.8) 12.9 (11.5-16.1) 1281 

05-06 5.13 (4.78-5.51) 5.37 (5.03-5.71) 7.92 (7.61-8.41) 10.9 (9.96-11.6) 13.2 (12.4-13.9) 1271 

07-08 4.77 (4.59-4.96) 5.26 (4.98-5.43) 7.18 (6.93-7.54) 9.68 (8.93-10.6) 11.6 (10.6-12.6) 1327 

09-10 4.27 (4.00-4.55) 4.70 (4.46-5.00) 6.57 (6.39-6.81) 8.67 (7.91-9.57) 10.7 (9.66-11.3) 1398 

Females 99-00 3.95 (3.63-4.29) 4.50 (4.20-4.90) 6.70 (6.20-7.30) 9.10 (8.30-10.0) 11.2 (9.90-12.9) 1238 

01-02 4.36 (3.95-4.81) 4.87 (4.45-5.25) 7.33 (6.71-8.01) 9.77 (9.07-11.0) 12.4 (10.4-13.8) 1355 

03-04 4.35 (4.03-4.70) 4.79 (4.25-5.26) 7.30 (6.87-7.81) 10.2 (9.40-11.0) 12.1 (11.2-13.6) 1277 

05-06 4.30 (3.98-4.65) 4.89 (4.58-5.25) 7.43 (6.99-7.83) 9.79 (9.30-10.5) 12.1 (10.6-13.1) 1305 

07-08 4.12 (3.88-4.37) 4.40 (4.17-4.74) 6.84 (6.32-7.36) 9.31 (8.69-9.76) 10.5 (9.93-11.7) 1300 

09-10 3.88 (3.63-4.14) 4.13 (3.83-4.55) 6.46 (5.95-6.90) 9.29 (8.62-10.0) 11.2 (10.3-12.1) 1450 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.14, 0.14, 0.2, 0.066, 0.066, and 0.066 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cesium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

133 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Cesium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 4.32 (3.82-4.89) 4.80 (4.30-5.20) 6.70 (6.40-7.20) 9.10 (8.00-9.90) 11.1 (9.60-12.7) 884 

01-02 4.63 (4.10-5.24) 5.29 (4.59-5.89) 7.08 (6.42-7.99) 9.13 (7.86-11.3) 11.3 (8.81-14.9) 683 

03-04 4.94 (4.64-5.27) 5.62 (5.01-6.09) 7.86 (7.15-8.46) 10.3 (8.99-11.3) 11.9 (10.7-14.7) 618 

05-06 4.64 (4.41-4.88) 5.18 (4.91-5.55) 7.29 (6.74-7.73) 9.52 (8.76-9.98) 11.5 (9.88-11.9) 652 

07-08 4.50 (4.06-4.99) 4.93 (4.40-5.56) 6.98 (6.38-7.49) 9.12 (8.25-9.82) 10.8 (9.45-12.1) 515 

09-10 4.20 (3.95-4.48) 4.47 (4.16-4.87) 6.49 (6.00-7.01) 8.64 (7.81-9.40) 10.2 (9.15-11.4) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 4.94 (4.33-5.64) 5.40 (4.80-6.40) 7.50 (6.90-8.40) 9.80 (8.80-10.8) 11.6 (9.80-13.1) 568 

01-02 4.93 (4.70-5.17) 5.33 (5.05-5.64) 7.36 (6.97-7.59) 9.44 (8.71-9.68) 10.7 (10.1-12.3) 667 

03-04 4.71 (4.47-4.97) 5.12 (4.71-5.49) 7.17 (6.72-7.60) 9.13 (8.52-9.99) 10.7 (9.99-11.4) 723 

05-06 4.78 (4.42-5.18) 5.26 (5.03-5.44) 7.20 (6.63-7.66) 9.14 (8.26-10.6) 11.0 (9.63-13.7) 692 

07-08 4.64 (4.29-5.01) 4.90 (4.48-5.31) 6.90 (6.35-7.42) 9.39 (8.29-10.3) 11.3 (9.59-12.6) 589 

09-10 4.07 (3.82-4.35) 4.68 (4.29-4.84) 6.56 (6.19-7.01) 8.98 (8.12-9.31) 9.97 (9.27-11.3) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 4.25 (3.83-4.72) 4.80 (4.20-5.50) 7.20 (6.60-7.90) 9.70 (8.90-10.7) 11.8 (10.3-13.3) 821 

01-02 4.77 (4.27-5.32) 5.49 (4.99-6.05) 7.98 (7.45-8.61) 10.4 (9.54-11.4) 12.6 (11.0-13.8) 1132 

03-04 4.56 (4.22-4.94) 5.02 (4.59-5.42) 7.60 (7.00-8.23) 10.7 (9.26-11.8) 12.9 (11.5-14.7) 1074 

05-06 4.64 (4.25-5.05) 5.19 (4.76-5.49) 7.77 (7.18-8.46) 10.3 (9.62-11.5) 13.1 (12.1-13.9) 1041 

07-08 4.29 (4.07-4.53) 4.76 (4.48-5.08) 7.02 (6.67-7.49) 9.50 (8.91-9.93) 11.3 (10.3-12.2) 1095 

09-10 3.96 (3.73-4.20) 4.38 (4.10-4.64) 6.43 (6.15-6.63) 8.62 (7.86-9.29) 10.5 (9.35-11.5) 1225 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.14, 0.14, 0.2, 0.066, 0.066, and 0.066 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cesium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

134 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Cesium (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 4.10 (3.96-4.25) 4.13 (3.97-4.27) 5.41 (5.21-5.70) 7.14 (6.83-7.50) 8.64 (8.00-9.30) 2464 

01-02 4.54 (4.30-4.79) 4.44 (4.20-4.64) 6.06 (5.66-6.47) 8.18 (7.62-8.95) 10.2 (8.84-11.7) 2689 

03-04 4.64 (4.42-4.87) 4.42 (4.21-4.74) 6.11 (5.76-6.48) 8.51 (7.99-9.15) 10.6 (9.75-11.0) 2558 

05-06 4.62 (4.37-4.88) 4.51 (4.20-4.76) 6.19 (5.90-6.55) 8.84 (8.14-9.24) 10.8 (9.71-12.1) 2576 

07-08 4.62 (4.42-4.82) 4.58 (4.36-4.79) 6.23 (5.96-6.61) 8.67 (7.79-9.52) 10.6 (9.78-11.2) 2627 

09-10 4.33 (4.17-4.49) 4.28 (4.12-4.45) 6.00 (5.70-6.23) 8.06 (7.76-8.36) 9.75 (9.05-10.4) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 5.34 (5.03-5.67) 5.42 (5.03-6.04) 6.63 (6.18-7.13) 8.23 (7.13-9.41) 9.90 (7.88-10.1) 340 

01-02 5.95 (5.48-6.46) 5.91 (5.43-6.53) 7.77 (7.00-8.28) 9.27 (8.35-11.9) 11.9 (9.38-12.3) 368 

03-04 6.07 (5.63-6.53) 6.02 (5.45-6.49) 8.30 (7.16-8.99) 10.8 (9.15-11.8) 11.9 (10.3-15.8) 290 

05-06 5.85 (5.41-6.34) 5.74 (5.21-6.41) 7.65 (6.67-9.11) 10.1 (9.38-10.8) 11.6 (10.1-14.9) 355 

07-08 5.96 (5.53-6.43) 6.12 (5.79-6.55) 7.88 (7.33-8.53) 10.7 (8.91-12.1) 12.5 (10.9-14.1) 394 

09-10 5.74 (5.30-6.22) 5.58 (5.15-6.12) 7.16 (6.71-7.87) 9.19 (8.13-10.4) 12.2 (8.69-14.8) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 3.43 (3.29-3.58) 3.54 (3.29-3.68) 4.35 (4.17-4.56) 5.31 (4.97-5.79) 6.67 (5.33-8.09) 718 

01-02 3.73 (3.41-4.08) 3.55 (3.36-3.74) 4.74 (4.40-5.14) 6.10 (5.35-7.63) 8.08 (6.44-9.82) 762 

03-04 3.60 (3.37-3.85) 3.51 (3.33-3.72) 4.53 (4.24-4.87) 6.08 (5.14-6.94) 7.27 (6.13-9.07) 725 

05-06 3.66 (3.40-3.93) 3.59 (3.40-3.83) 4.76 (4.30-5.20) 5.93 (5.62-6.62) 7.62 (6.03-8.07) 701 

07-08 3.58 (3.31-3.88) 3.70 (3.22-3.96) 4.98 (4.60-5.17) 6.36 (5.38-7.28) 7.93 (6.06-9.76) 376 

09-10 3.46 (3.27-3.65) 3.48 (3.23-3.74) 4.39 (4.16-4.70) 5.54 (5.01-6.32) 6.56 (5.95-7.35) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 4.08 (3.88-4.29) 4.06 (3.85-4.29) 5.39 (5.04-5.85) 7.17 (6.84-7.58) 8.61 (7.91-9.30) 1406 

01-02 4.54 (4.30-4.78) 4.43 (4.20-4.59) 5.94 (5.64-6.40) 8.15 (7.46-8.97) 10.2 (8.74-11.7) 1559 

03-04 4.68 (4.46-4.91) 4.47 (4.27-4.80) 6.11 (5.83-6.43) 8.47 (7.76-9.17) 10.5 (9.68-11.2) 1543 

05-06 4.67 (4.42-4.93) 4.54 (4.25-4.78) 6.24 (5.93-6.66) 8.92 (8.29-9.31) 11.2 (9.71-12.7) 1520 

07-08 4.67 (4.46-4.88) 4.58 (4.34-4.82) 6.19 (5.93-6.61) 8.65 (7.79-9.52) 10.6 (9.68-11.3) 1857 

09-10 4.34 (4.17-4.53) 4.28 (4.10-4.49) 6.07 (5.70-6.33) 8.20 (7.81-8.65) 9.80 (9.05-11.1) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 3.78 (3.65-3.91) 3.78 (3.61-3.96) 4.96 (4.72-5.20) 6.50 (6.18-6.70) 7.71 (7.01-8.64) 1226 

01-02 4.22 (3.96-4.51) 4.10 (3.87-4.41) 5.60 (5.27-6.03) 7.67 (6.90-8.48) 9.46 (8.22-11.5) 1334 

03-04 4.24 (3.99-4.50) 4.12 (3.89-4.37) 5.66 (5.19-6.06) 7.66 (6.90-8.40) 9.00 (8.36-10.3) 1281 

05-06 4.21 (3.94-4.50) 4.11 (3.72-4.46) 5.75 (5.14-6.11) 7.68 (6.91-8.78) 9.33 (8.84-9.84) 1271 

07-08 4.27 (4.04-4.51) 4.19 (4.02-4.42) 5.81 (5.46-6.29) 7.84 (7.20-8.65) 9.61 (8.65-10.2) 1327 

09-10 3.89 (3.70-4.09) 3.85 (3.60-4.06) 5.29 (4.89-5.69) 7.02 (6.76-7.42) 8.38 (7.87-9.18) 1398 

Females 99-00 4.43 (4.20-4.68) 4.45 (4.14-4.77) 5.92 (5.36-6.47) 7.70 (7.16-8.07) 9.41 (8.00-10.4) 1238 

01-02 4.86 (4.58-5.16) 4.72 (4.50-5.06) 6.54 (5.93-7.00) 8.50 (7.84-9.79) 10.3 (8.95-12.2) 1355 

03-04 5.05 (4.77-5.35) 4.77 (4.44-5.14) 6.58 (6.14-7.22) 9.43 (8.56-10.5) 11.3 (10.7-12.3) 1277 

05-06 5.05 (4.78-5.33) 4.86 (4.57-5.17) 6.72 (6.31-7.23) 9.65 (9.23-10.3) 12.6 (11.0-13.3) 1305 

07-08 4.98 (4.76-5.20) 4.90 (4.69-5.20) 6.72 (6.20-7.06) 9.50 (8.37-10.5) 11.3 (10.7-12.1) 1300 

09-10 4.79 (4.63-4.97) 4.69 (4.50-4.93) 6.57 (6.34-6.85) 8.88 (8.36-9.33) 10.5 (9.56-12.0) 1450 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cesium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

135 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Cesium (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 3.99 (3.73-4.25) 3.95 (3.65-4.17) 5.09 (4.79-5.39) 6.65 (6.08-7.10) 7.98 (7.20-8.95) 884 

01-02 4.51 (4.00-5.08) 4.51 (3.82-4.95) 5.91 (5.31-6.64) 7.77 (6.60-10.0) 10.0 (7.60-20.5) 682 

03-04 4.58 (4.16-5.05) 4.51 (4.10-4.92) 5.74 (5.42-6.09) 7.53 (6.59-8.91) 9.44 (8.24-10.6) 618 

05-06 4.36 (4.10-4.64) 4.40 (3.97-4.73) 5.69 (5.24-6.22) 7.23 (6.69-7.80) 8.14 (7.65-9.33) 652 

07-08 4.50 (4.22-4.79) 4.39 (3.96-4.86) 6.07 (5.57-6.59) 7.63 (7.30-7.89) 9.06 (7.89-10.5) 515 

09-10 4.41 (4.17-4.65) 4.38 (4.04-4.59) 5.70 (5.34-6.07) 7.68 (7.17-8.24) 8.89 (8.50-9.52) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 3.21 (2.90-3.56) 3.26 (3.05-3.44) 4.30 (4.00-4.55) 5.50 (5.00-5.98) 6.33 (5.91-7.04) 568 

01-02 3.38 (3.19-3.57) 3.35 (3.05-3.60) 4.41 (4.15-4.78) 5.87 (5.63-6.29) 6.75 (6.41-7.03) 667 

03-04 3.38 (3.21-3.56) 3.30 (3.08-3.50) 4.31 (4.02-4.62) 5.79 (5.12-6.47) 6.98 (6.38-7.18) 723 

05-06 3.47 (3.34-3.60) 3.40 (3.21-3.60) 4.47 (4.25-4.68) 5.94 (5.52-6.31) 6.95 (6.20-7.51) 692 

07-08 3.39 (3.21-3.58) 3.33 (3.18-3.54) 4.50 (4.21-4.78) 5.84 (5.41-6.18) 6.87 (5.94-7.58) 589 

09-10 3.23 (3.05-3.42) 3.20 (2.99-3.46) 4.31 (4.12-4.59) 5.88 (5.30-6.28) 6.69 (6.32-7.89) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 4.26 (4.07-4.47) 4.28 (4.05-4.50) 5.66 (5.26-6.05) 7.27 (6.84-7.83) 8.75 (7.93-9.38) 821 

01-02 4.81 (4.55-5.08) 4.63 (4.42-4.96) 6.33 (5.91-6.68) 8.46 (7.84-9.39) 10.3 (9.04-11.8) 1132 

03-04 4.81 (4.52-5.12) 4.56 (4.31-4.98) 6.28 (5.95-6.71) 8.63 (7.99-9.28) 10.6 (9.43-11.0) 1074 

05-06 4.82 (4.50-5.17) 4.68 (4.32-5.04) 6.41 (6.00-6.81) 9.18 (8.67-9.53) 11.0 (9.71-12.7) 1041 

07-08 4.81 (4.54-5.09) 4.73 (4.42-5.12) 6.43 (6.01-6.80) 9.24 (8.20-9.82) 11.0 (10.2-11.7) 1095 

09-10 4.42 (4.23-4.63) 4.36 (4.15-4.54) 6.16 (5.82-6.51) 8.13 (7.68-8.65) 9.83 (8.79-11.4) 1225 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cesium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

136 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Cobalt 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .375 (.336-.419) .410 (.370-.450) .630 (.570-.680) .950 (.890-1.03) 1.32 (1.16-1.48) 2465 

01-02 .379 (.355-.404) .410 (.380-.430) .610 (.570-.660) .940 (.870-1.00) 1.28 (1.15-1.44) 2690 

03-04 .316 (.291-.343) .330 (.300-.350) .520 (.490-.550) .820 (.750-.890) 1.16 (1.08-1.26) 2558 

05-06 .374 (.357-.392) .390 (.370-.410) .600 (.560-.630) .880 (.840-.950) 1.33 (1.17-1.47) 2576 

07-08 .369 (.351-.389) .380 (.360-.390) .580 (.550-.600) .920 (.840-1.01) 1.32 (1.10-1.43) 2627 

09-10 .369 (.341-.398) .380 (.350-.400) .600 (.560-.650) .960 (.870-1.06) 1.40 (1.20-1.58) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 .499 (.427-.583) .530 (.450-.640) .750 (.610-.900) 1.03 (.880-1.12) 1.22 (1.03-1.50) 340 

01-02 .452 (.377-.543) .520 (.430-.610) .710 (.670-.810) 1.07 (.940-1.21) 1.32 (1.17-1.53) 368 

03-04 .454 (.393-.523) .460 (.410-.520) .750 (.590-.900) 1.24 (.910-1.47) 1.68 (1.26-1.81) 290 

05-06 .424 (.383-.468) .450 (.410-.490) .660 (.580-.710) .870 (.830-1.04) 1.16 (.910-1.39) 355 

07-08 .433 (.367-.509) .450 (.360-.550) .700 (.560-.810) .960 (.790-1.28) 1.40 (.880-1.82) 394 

09-10 .424 (.379-.474) .440 (.400-.490) .670 (.610-.740) .960 (.850-1.10) 1.14 (1.01-1.69) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .519 (.463-.581) .520 (.490-.570) .820 (.670-.890) 1.17 (1.01-1.47) 1.52 (1.26-2.56) 719 

01-02 .515 (.469-.564) .520 (.480-.570) .750 (.690-.840) 1.24 (1.07-1.32) 1.59 (1.37-1.99) 762 

03-04 .461 (.428-.496) .480 (.450-.520) .740 (.650-.800) 1.03 (.940-1.23) 1.60 (1.14-1.92) 725 

05-06 .510 (.451-.577) .500 (.460-.570) .820 (.690-.980) 1.30 (1.08-1.40) 1.74 (1.39-2.08) 701 

07-08 .529 (.478-.585) .510 (.450-.570) .820 (.690-.960) 1.36 (1.09-1.53) 1.70 (1.40-1.78) 376 

09-10 .465 (.406-.533) .460 (.430-.530) .830 (.710-.920) 1.21 (1.05-1.51) 1.56 (1.19-2.11) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .343 (.305-.386) .370 (.330-.420) .570 (.520-.640) .880 (.810-.980) 1.28 (1.07-1.39) 1406 

01-02 .352 (.333-.373) .380 (.350-.410) .560 (.520-.590) .860 (.800-.930) 1.15 (1.04-1.42) 1560 

03-04 .285 (.259-.313) .300 (.270-.330) .460 (.410-.510) .690 (.660-.730) 1.06 (.890-1.14) 1543 

05-06 .351 (.332-.371) .370 (.350-.390) .550 (.520-.600) .810 (.760-.880) 1.30 (1.05-1.47) 1520 

07-08 .343 (.326-.362) .350 (.340-.370) .530 (.500-.560) .830 (.750-.920) 1.20 (1.00-1.38) 1857 

09-10 .351 (.322-.382) .350 (.330-.380) .570 (.520-.630) .890 (.800-1.02) 1.35 (1.12-1.58) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .371 (.331-.416) .410 (.370-.450) .580 (.540-.640) .820 (.740-.900) 1.01 (.900-1.12) 1227 

01-02 .367 (.338-.399) .390 (.360-.420) .550 (.520-.600) .790 (.740-.850) 1.05 (.960-1.14) 1335 

03-04 .294 (.270-.319) .320 (.290-.340) .480 (.440-.500) .670 (.620-.710) .870 (.790-.920) 1281 

05-06 .369 (.354-.383) .380 (.370-.400) .540 (.510-.570) .760 (.690-.850) 1.06 (.910-1.27) 1271 

07-08 .350 (.330-.371) .370 (.350-.390) .530 (.500-.560) .750 (.690-.820) 1.00 (.860-1.14) 1327 

09-10 .336 (.307-.368) .360 (.330-.380) .530 (.480-.570) .750 (.690-.850) .960 (.850-1.12) 1398 

Females 99-00 .379 (.333-.431) .410 (.340-.460) .680 (.590-.790) 1.17 (.930-1.36) 1.50 (1.28-2.05) 1238 

01-02 .390 (.364-.417) .430 (.400-.450) .670 (.620-.700) 1.06 (.980-1.16) 1.46 (1.22-1.81) 1355 

03-04 .339 (.308-.372) .340 (.310-.370) .580 (.540-.610) 1.04 (.900-1.13) 1.47 (1.33-1.73) 1277 

05-06 .379 (.351-.409) .410 (.370-.440) .660 (.620-.700) 1.04 (.900-1.21) 1.54 (1.30-1.93) 1305 

07-08 .389 (.367-.411) .390 (.360-.410) .650 (.590-.690) 1.08 (.980-1.26) 1.43 (1.34-1.62) 1300 

09-10 .403 (.364-.447) .400 (.360-.440) .700 (.640-.770) 1.19 (1.05-1.36) 1.68 (1.51-2.11) 1450 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.07, 0.07, 0.08, 0.041, 0.041, and 0.041 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cobalt_BiomonitoringSummary.html

137 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Cobalt 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .418 (.348-.502) .470 (.370-.530) .670 (.630-.770) 1.05 (.950-1.19) 1.47 (1.25-1.67) 884 

01-02 .398 (.373-.424) .430 (.410-.450) .650 (.600-.710) .950 (.850-1.03) 1.20 (1.06-1.48) 683 

03-04 .374 (.350-.398) .350 (.340-.390) .580 (.530-.620) 1.09 (.920-1.16) 1.33 (1.16-1.73) 618 

05-06 .437 (.404-.473) .450 (.420-.500) .680 (.620-.720) 1.11 (.940-1.30) 1.58 (1.33-1.79) 652 

07-08 .396 (.349-.450) .400 (.330-.480) .610 (.560-.710) .980 (.870-1.08) 1.26 (1.05-1.69) 515 

09-10 .378 (.351-.407) .380 (.360-.410) .590 (.560-.640) .920 (.860-1.04) 1.24 (1.04-1.58) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .434 (.405-.465) .430 (.390-.470) .680 (.620-.760) 1.17 (1.04-1.26) 1.45 (1.23-2.04) 568 

01-02 .435 (.388-.487) .420 (.380-.460) .650 (.540-.810) 1.16 (.850-1.64) 1.75 (1.32-2.22) 667 

03-04 .380 (.348-.414) .380 (.360-.410) .600 (.540-.680) 1.01 (.890-1.09) 1.28 (1.01-2.03) 723 

05-06 .412 (.374-.453) .410 (.360-.440) .600 (.560-.670) .930 (.830-1.11) 1.47 (1.12-2.00) 692 

07-08 .403 (.367-.443) .390 (.360-.420) .620 (.560-.740) 1.06 (.880-1.31) 1.57 (1.22-1.86) 589 

09-10 .368 (.335-.403) .380 (.340-.400) .590 (.520-.650) .990 (.870-1.15) 1.47 (1.20-1.58) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .369 (.316-.431) .410 (.350-.460) .630 (.550-.700) .930 (.830-1.08) 1.29 (1.02-1.65) 822 

01-02 .359 (.327-.394) .390 (.360-.430) .590 (.520-.660) .870 (.800-.950) 1.16 (1.04-1.32) 1132 

03-04 .301 (.270-.334) .310 (.280-.340) .500 (.460-.540) .760 (.690-.850) 1.09 (.950-1.26) 1074 

05-06 .361 (.340-.384) .380 (.360-.410) .580 (.530-.630) .860 (.800-.940) 1.30 (1.06-1.50) 1041 

07-08 .358 (.338-.379) .370 (.350-.390) .560 (.520-.600) .900 (.780-1.00) 1.32 (1.02-1.46) 1095 

09-10 .369 (.335-.408) .370 (.350-.400) .600 (.540-.660) .970 (.850-1.10) 1.40 (1.17-1.64) 1225 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.07, 0.07, 0.08, 0.041, 0.041, and 0.041 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cobalt_BiomonitoringSummary.html

138 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Cobalt (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .353 (.319-.391) .328 (.302-.365) .515 (.457-.581) .821 (.679-.963) 1.16 (.938-1.50) 2465 

01-02 .358 (.333-.384) .335 (.313-.360) .523 (.487-.562) .844 (.750-.955) 1.16 (1.00-1.28) 2689 

03-04 .314 (.303-.325) .290 (.278-.306) .455 (.434-.481) .737 (.703-.781) 1.02 (.911-1.10) 2558 

05-06 .368 (.353-.384) .340 (.320-.360) .520 (.490-.550) .810 (.750-.920) 1.17 (.990-1.27) 2576 

07-08 .385 (.366-.406) .360 (.350-.380) .560 (.520-.590) .870 (.760-.990) 1.22 (1.01-1.46) 2627 

09-10 .393 (.372-.415) .370 (.350-.390) .560 (.530-.600) .890 (.830-.940) 1.29 (1.08-1.49) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 .547 (.467-.640) .554 (.449-.647) .774 (.626-.938) 1.00 (.833-1.49) 1.25 (.895-1.50) 340 

01-02 .552 (.508-.599) .548 (.503-.609) .756 (.660-.829) 1.00 (.900-1.27) 1.30 (1.03-1.73) 368 

03-04 .529 (.471-.593) .500 (.463-.543) .689 (.634-.750) 1.04 (.760-1.29) 1.29 (1.04-1.36) 290 

05-06 .523 (.494-.554) .520 (.480-.570) .720 (.660-.760) .900 (.840-1.04) 1.27 (.980-1.45) 355 

07-08 .564 (.501-.635) .580 (.500-.630) .760 (.660-.910) 1.12 (.830-1.46) 1.39 (1.06-1.81) 394 

09-10 .578 (.538-.620) .570 (.530-.620) .760 (.690-.840) 1.06 (.920-1.21) 1.26 (1.06-1.58) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .391 (.353-.433) .378 (.329-.407) .537 (.469-.595) .824 (.638-1.17) 1.44 (.821-3.54) 719 

01-02 .368 (.343-.396) .352 (.327-.372) .534 (.471-.611) .851 (.673-.949) 1.06 (.932-1.24) 762 

03-04 .329 (.304-.355) .316 (.277-.348) .495 (.442-.561) .738 (.630-.847) .952 (.792-1.09) 725 

05-06 .392 (.360-.427) .360 (.330-.400) .530 (.480-.620) .810 (.720-.920) 1.02 (.870-1.48) 701 

07-08 .414 (.382-.448) .390 (.340-.450) .610 (.520-.700) .880 (.750-1.13) 1.17 (.890-1.35) 376 

09-10 .435 (.398-.476) .410 (.370-.470) .610 (.550-.700) .960 (.790-1.07) 1.30 (1.00-1.53) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .328 (.297-.362) .306 (.280-.328) .471 (.428-.522) .727 (.632-.905) 1.12 (.861-1.36) 1406 

01-02 .337 (.313-.363) .313 (.294-.337) .475 (.435-.513) .792 (.704-.955) 1.15 (.963-1.33) 1559 

03-04 .293 (.282-.304) .271 (.257-.286) .400 (.380-.429) .691 (.616-.744) .976 (.829-1.10) 1543 

05-06 .350 (.334-.367) .320 (.300-.340) .490 (.450-.520) .780 (.690-.940) 1.17 (.970-1.31) 1520 

07-08 .366 (.348-.384) .340 (.330-.360) .510 (.480-.540) .830 (.720-.960) 1.19 (.980-1.47) 1857 

09-10 .371 (.350-.394) .340 (.320-.360) .520 (.490-.550) .840 (.750-.930) 1.29 (1.02-1.52) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .290 (.259-.324) .279 (.248-.301) .402 (.365-.449) .608 (.534-.728) .838 (.667-1.10) 1227 

01-02 .290 (.272-.310) .278 (.256-.297) .392 (.361-.425) .644 (.574-.707) .848 (.786-.929) 1334 

03-04 .247 (.237-.259) .234 (.215-.250) .333 (.313-.352) .513 (.476-.585) .700 (.630-.753) 1281 

05-06 .302 (.289-.317) .290 (.270-.300) .410 (.370-.440) .610 (.580-.640) .770 (.710-.850) 1271 

07-08 .313 (.298-.329) .300 (.280-.310) .420 (.400-.440) .630 (.580-.680) .830 (.680-1.02) 1327 

09-10 .306 (.290-.323) .290 (.280-.300) .420 (.390-.450) .630 (.570-.690) .810 (.720-.920) 1398 

Females 99-00 .426 (.378-.479) .407 (.362-.457) .606 (.550-.694) .960 (.781-1.29) 1.50 (1.11-1.83) 1238 

01-02 .435 (.404-.468) .408 (.382-.438) .635 (.560-.708) 1.00 (.879-1.19) 1.29 (1.12-1.60) 1355 

03-04 .393 (.378-.409) .361 (.342-.381) .554 (.513-.615) .937 (.850-1.00) 1.29 (1.10-1.33) 1277 

05-06 .445 (.423-.468) .420 (.400-.440) .630 (.590-.700) .990 (.900-1.17) 1.34 (1.18-1.60) 1305 

07-08 .470 (.442-.499) .450 (.430-.480) .690 (.630-.750) 1.09 (.930-1.27) 1.46 (1.26-1.69) 1300 

09-10 .498 (.465-.534) .460 (.450-.480) .690 (.650-.720) 1.09 (.990-1.33) 1.64 (1.34-2.15) 1450 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cobalt_BiomonitoringSummary.html

139 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Cobalt (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .386 (.339-.439) .376 (.333-.419) .598 (.500-.669) .898 (.826-1.00) 1.23 (1.11-1.35) 884 

01-02 .388 (.361-.417) .361 (.333-.394) .591 (.500-.662) .872 (.777-.990) 1.10 (.990-1.27) 682 

03-04 .346 (.326-.368) .327 (.296-.349) .542 (.487-.594) .850 (.753-.963) 1.14 (.963-1.35) 618 

05-06 .411 (.388-.436) .380 (.360-.400) .580 (.520-.650) .900 (.820-1.02) 1.19 (1.05-1.35) 652 

07-08 .396 (.348-.450) .370 (.330-.410) .560 (.470-.690) .900 (.770-1.12) 1.17 (.990-1.54) 515 

09-10 .396 (.367-.427) .380 (.340-.420) .590 (.530-.650) .930 (.820-1.03) 1.22 (1.04-1.30) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .282 (.275-.289) .257 (.243-.279) .417 (.378-.462) .723 (.600-.785) .975 (.757-1.60) 568 

01-02 .298 (.275-.323) .268 (.251-.296) .444 (.393-.505) .728 (.582-.917) 1.03 (.740-1.55) 667 

03-04 .273 (.248-.300) .259 (.239-.281) .388 (.344-.461) .700 (.563-.842) .964 (.733-1.15) 723 

05-06 .299 (.281-.318) .280 (.240-.300) .420 (.380-.460) .700 (.570-.780) .950 (.790-1.17) 692 

07-08 .295 (.277-.314) .270 (.260-.290) .420 (.390-.450) .710 (.570-.860) 1.07 (.850-1.28) 589 

09-10 .291 (.271-.314) .280 (.240-.310) .420 (.380-.480) .700 (.610-.750) .840 (.750-1.06) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .369 (.324-.421) .352 (.313-.387) .533 (.452-.611) .861 (.667-1.16) 1.25 (.895-1.57) 822 

01-02 .362 (.331-.396) .343 (.313-.368) .523 (.479-.562) .830 (.736-.983) 1.16 (.983-1.33) 1132 

03-04 .317 (.301-.334) .291 (.274-.309) .457 (.425-.488) .738 (.683-.804) 1.00 (.857-1.13) 1074 

05-06 .376 (.357-.395) .350 (.330-.370) .520 (.490-.580) .810 (.710-.950) 1.18 (.950-1.43) 1041 

07-08 .401 (.380-.423) .380 (.360-.400) .590 (.530-.630) .890 (.760-1.06) 1.27 (.980-1.55) 1095 

09-10 .413 (.388-.440) .390 (.360-.410) .580 (.530-.620) .910 (.830-.980) 1.33 (1.08-1.58) 1225 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cobalt_BiomonitoringSummary.html

140 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Lead 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of blood concentrations (in μg/dL) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 1.66 (1.60-1.72) 1.60 (1.60-1.70) 2.50 (2.40-2.60) 3.80 (3.60-4.00) 5.00 (4.70-5.50) 7970 

01-02 1.45 (1.39-1.51) 1.40 (1.40-1.50) 2.20 (2.10-2.30) 3.40 (3.20-3.60) 4.50 (4.20-4.70) 8945 

03-04 1.43 (1.36-1.50) 1.40 (1.30-1.50) 2.10 (2.10-2.20) 3.20 (3.10-3.30) 4.20 (3.90-4.40) 8373 

05-06 1.29 (1.23-1.36) 1.27 (1.20-1.34) 2.01 (1.91-2.11) 3.05 (2.86-3.22) 3.91 (3.64-4.18) 8407 

07-08 1.27 (1.21-1.34) 1.22 (1.18-1.30) 1.90 (1.80-2.00) 2.80 (2.67-2.96) 3.70 (3.50-3.90) 8266 

09-10 1.12 (1.08-1.16) 1.07 (1.03-1.12) 1.70 (1.62-1.77) 2.58 (2.45-2.71) 3.34 (3.14-3.57) 8793 

Age group 

1-5 years 99-00 2.23 (1.96-2.53) 2.20 (1.90-2.50) 3.40 (2.80-3.90) 4.90 (4.00-6.60) 7.00 (6.10-8.30) 723 

01-02 1.70 (1.55-1.87) 1.60 (1.50-1.80) 2.50 (2.20-2.90) 4.20 (3.50-5.20) 5.80 (4.70-6.90) 898 

03-04 1.77 (1.60-1.95) 1.70 (1.50-1.90) 2.50 (2.30-2.80) 3.90 (3.30-4.60) 5.10 (4.10-6.60) 911 

05-06 1.46 (1.36-1.57) 1.43 (1.34-1.55) 2.10 (1.97-2.20) 2.98 (2.72-3.32) 3.80 (3.49-4.54) 968 

07-08 1.51 (1.37-1.66) 1.43 (1.30-1.60) 2.20 (1.98-2.31) 3.20 (2.65-3.85) 4.10 (3.40-5.19) 817 

09-10 1.17 (1.08-1.26) 1.15 (1.03-1.27) 1.70 (1.50-1.87) 2.39 (2.08-2.65) 3.37 (2.63-4.11) 836 

6-11 years 99-00 1.51 (1.36-1.66) 1.40 (1.30-1.60) 2.10 (1.80-2.50) 3.30 (2.80-3.80) 4.50 (3.40-6.20) 905 

01-02 1.25 (1.14-1.36) 1.20 (1.00-1.30) 1.70 (1.60-2.00) 2.80 (2.50-3.10) 3.70 (3.00-4.70) 1044 

03-04 1.25 (1.12-1.39) 1.20 (1.10-1.40) 1.80 (1.50-2.10) 2.60 (2.10-3.10) 3.30 (2.50-4.60) 856 

05-06 1.02 (.948-1.10) .970 (.890-1.01) 1.40 (1.28-1.55) 2.06 (1.80-2.72) 3.00 (2.26-3.81) 934 

07-08 .988 (.914-1.07) .960 (.880-1.07) 1.31 (1.22-1.49) 1.90 (1.70-2.11) 2.50 (2.10-2.88) 1011 

09-10 .838 (.792-.887) .810 (.740-.840) 1.13 (1.06-1.21) 1.64 (1.45-1.84) 2.01 (1.88-2.25) 1009 

12-19 years 99-00 1.10 (1.04-1.17) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.50 (1.40-1.70) 2.30 (2.10-2.40) 2.90 (2.70-3.00) 2135 

01-02 .942 (.899-.986) .900 (.900-1.00) 1.30 (1.20-1.40) 2.00 (1.90-2.10) 2.70 (2.40-2.90) 2231 

03-04 .946 (.878-1.02) .900 (.800-1.00) 1.30 (1.20-1.40) 1.90 (1.70-2.10) 2.60 (2.20-3.00) 2081 

05-06 .797 (.746-.852) .740 (.690-.790) 1.08 (.990-1.20) 1.69 (1.50-1.85) 2.23 (1.98-2.46) 1996 

07-08 .800 (.744-.859) .760 (.720-.820) 1.04 (.980-1.16) 1.50 (1.35-1.70) 1.90 (1.70-2.32) 1074 

09-10 .680 (.636-.727) .660 (.590-.700) .910 (.840-.990) 1.29 (1.19-1.43) 1.72 (1.52-1.86) 1183 

20 years and older 99-00 1.75 (1.68-1.81) 1.70 (1.60-1.80) 2.60 (2.50-2.70) 3.90 (3.70-4.10) 5.20 (4.80-5.60) 4207 

01-02 1.56 (1.49-1.62) 1.60 (1.50-1.60) 2.30 (2.30-2.40) 3.60 (3.40-3.70) 4.60 (4.30-5.00) 4772 

03-04 1.52 (1.45-1.60) 1.50 (1.40-1.60) 2.30 (2.20-2.40) 3.30 (3.20-3.50) 4.30 (4.00-4.60) 4525 

05-06 1.41 (1.34-1.48) 1.41 (1.33-1.48) 2.17 (2.04-2.31) 3.22 (3.05-3.43) 4.12 (3.82-4.38) 4509 

07-08 1.38 (1.31-1.46) 1.34 (1.26-1.42) 2.06 (1.94-2.18) 3.00 (2.80-3.14) 3.90 (3.68-4.23) 5364 

09-10 1.23 (1.19-1.28) 1.20 (1.14-1.25) 1.85 (1.78-1.93) 2.77 (2.60-2.93) 3.57 (3.29-3.84) 5765 

Gender 

Males 99-00 2.01 (1.93-2.09) 1.90 (1.90-2.00) 2.90 (2.80-3.00) 4.50 (4.10-4.80) 6.00 (5.50-6.50) 3913 

01-02 1.78 (1.71-1.86) 1.80 (1.70-1.80) 2.70 (2.50-2.80) 3.90 (3.80-4.10) 5.40 (5.00-5.50) 4339 

03-04 1.69 (1.62-1.75) 1.60 (1.50-1.70) 2.50 (2.40-2.60) 3.70 (3.40-3.90) 4.80 (4.50-5.20) 4132 

05-06 1.52 (1.42-1.62) 1.49 (1.41-1.58) 2.30 (2.12-2.51) 3.48 (3.20-3.75) 4.36 (4.04-4.76) 4092 

07-08 1.47 (1.39-1.56) 1.40 (1.32-1.50) 2.17 (2.00-2.30) 3.21 (3.01-3.53) 4.41 (4.10-4.88) 4147 

09-10 1.31 (1.25-1.36) 1.26 (1.20-1.32) 1.96 (1.89-2.03) 2.93 (2.72-3.15) 3.84 (3.54-4.39) 4366 

Females 99-00 1.37 (1.32-1.43) 1.30 (1.30-1.40) 2.00 (1.90-2.10) 3.10 (2.90-3.30) 4.00 (3.80-4.20) 4057 

01-02 1.19 (1.14-1.25) 1.20 (1.10-1.20) 1.80 (1.70-1.90) 2.60 (2.50-2.80) 3.60 (3.10-4.00) 4606 

03-04 1.22 (1.14-1.31) 1.20 (1.10-1.30) 1.80 (1.70-2.00) 2.70 (2.50-3.00) 3.50 (3.10-3.80) 4241 

05-06 1.11 (1.05-1.17) 1.06 (.980-1.15) 1.73 (1.61-1.84) 2.59 (2.44-2.74) 3.25 (3.12-3.44) 4315 

07-08 1.11 (1.06-1.16) 1.09 (1.00-1.14) 1.64 (1.54-1.74) 2.41 (2.35-2.50) 3.00 (2.81-3.20) 4119 

09-10 .966 (.929-1.01) .940 (.890-.970) 1.43 (1.36-1.53) 2.18 (2.08-2.30) 2.81 (2.63-2.93) 4427 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.3, 0.3, 0.28, 0.25, 0.25, and 0.25 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Lead_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Lead_FactSheet.html

141 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Lead 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of blood concentrations (in μg/dL) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 1.83 (1.75-1.91) 1.80 (1.70-1.90) 2.80 (2.60-2.90) 4.20 (3.90-4.60) 5.80 (5.10-6.60) 2742 

01-02 1.46 (1.34-1.60) 1.50 (1.30-1.60) 2.30 (2.10-2.60) 3.60 (3.40-4.20) 5.40 (4.40-6.70) 2268 

03-04 1.55 (1.43-1.69) 1.50 (1.40-1.60) 2.30 (2.10-2.50) 3.50 (2.90-4.20) 4.90 (3.90-6.40) 2085 

05-06 1.29 (1.21-1.38) 1.26 (1.15-1.36) 2.00 (1.87-2.20) 3.16 (2.79-3.58) 4.22 (3.47-5.36) 2236 

07-08 1.25 (1.15-1.36) 1.20 (1.10-1.31) 1.88 (1.70-2.06) 2.81 (2.60-3.20) 3.92 (3.20-5.00) 1712 

09-10 1.14 (1.03-1.28) 1.04 (.940-1.18) 1.76 (1.52-1.99) 2.93 (2.63-3.30) 3.92 (3.60-4.69) 1966 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 1.87 (1.75-2.00) 1.80 (1.70-2.00) 2.80 (2.60-3.00) 4.30 (4.00-4.60) 5.70 (5.20-6.10) 1842 

01-02 1.65 (1.52-1.80) 1.60 (1.40-1.70) 2.60 (2.30-2.90) 4.20 (3.80-4.70) 5.80 (5.30-6.50) 2219 

03-04 1.69 (1.52-1.89) 1.60 (1.40-1.80) 2.60 (2.20-3.00) 4.10 (3.50-4.70) 5.30 (4.60-6.60) 2293 

05-06 1.39 (1.26-1.53) 1.31 (1.19-1.45) 2.16 (1.95-2.42) 3.48 (3.19-3.80) 4.65 (4.21-5.14) 2193 

07-08 1.39 (1.30-1.48) 1.30 (1.20-1.42) 2.10 (2.00-2.20) 3.22 (3.08-3.50) 4.50 (4.00-4.80) 1746 

09-10 1.24 (1.18-1.30) 1.19 (1.12-1.25) 1.87 (1.76-1.99) 2.90 (2.68-3.18) 3.86 (3.57-4.29) 1593 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 1.62 (1.55-1.69) 1.60 (1.50-1.70) 2.40 (2.30-2.50) 3.60 (3.40-3.90) 5.00 (4.40-5.70) 2716 

01-02 1.43 (1.37-1.48) 1.40 (1.30-1.50) 2.20 (2.10-2.20) 3.20 (3.10-3.40) 4.20 (3.90-4.50) 3806 

03-04 1.37 (1.32-1.43) 1.30 (1.30-1.40) 2.10 (2.00-2.10) 3.00 (2.80-3.20) 3.90 (3.60-4.30) 3478 

05-06 1.28 (1.19-1.37) 1.27 (1.17-1.38) 1.97 (1.86-2.14) 2.99 (2.73-3.25) 3.82 (3.41-4.20) 3310 

07-08 1.24 (1.16-1.33) 1.20 (1.10-1.30) 1.86 (1.72-2.00) 2.70 (2.54-2.90) 3.50 (3.20-3.89) 3461 

09-10 1.10 (1.04-1.16) 1.07 (1.00-1.15) 1.67 (1.59-1.76) 2.49 (2.35-2.63) 3.14 (2.99-3.36) 3760 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.3, 0.3, 0.28, 0.25, 0.25, and 0.25 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Lead_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Lead_FactSheet.html

142 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Lead 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .766 (.708-.828) .800 (.800-.900) 1.40 (1.30-1.50) 2.20 (2.00-2.30) 2.90 (2.60-3.30) 2465 

01-02 .677 (.637-.718) .700 (.700-.800) 1.20 (1.20-1.30) 2.00 (1.90-2.20) 2.70 (2.50-2.80) 2690 

03-04 .636 (.595-.680) .640 (.580-.690) 1.04 (.960-1.12) 1.73 (1.52-1.86) 2.29 (2.03-2.62) 2558 

05-06 .554 (.523-.587) .570 (.540-.600) .990 (.910-1.05) 1.58 (1.44-1.73) 2.14 (1.94-2.45) 2576 

07-08 .493 (.467-.520) .500 (.470-.530) .850 (.790-.910) 1.38 (1.23-1.58) 1.97 (1.75-2.17) 2627 

09-10 .458 (.441-.476) .470 (.450-.480) .790 (.750-.830) 1.24 (1.11-1.38) 1.65 (1.46-1.84) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 1.07 (.955-1.20) 1.10 (.900-1.30) 1.50 (1.40-1.70) 2.40 (1.80-3.10) 3.40 (2.40-5.00) 340 

01-02 .753 (.661-.857) .800 (.600-.900) 1.20 (1.10-1.40) 2.10 (1.60-2.40) 2.60 (2.10-3.70) 368 

03-04 .795 (.671-.941) .790 (.640-.900) 1.35 (.970-1.86) 2.27 (1.62-4.09) 3.33 (2.23-4.41) 290 

05-06 .508 (.447-.579) .510 (.440-.560) .740 (.620-.980) 1.33 (1.00-1.86) 1.90 (1.33-2.60) 355 

07-08 .494 (.411-.593) .520 (.410-.590) .790 (.660-.900) 1.23 (.980-1.73) 1.90 (1.51-2.18) 394 

09-10 .443 (.399-.493) .460 (.430-.490) .710 (.630-.820) 1.09 (.880-1.33) 1.40 (1.06-1.82) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .659 (.579-.749) .700 (.600-.800) 1.10 (.900-1.30) 1.80 (1.40-2.20) 2.20 (1.90-2.80) 719 

01-02 .564 (.526-.605) .600 (.500-.600) 1.00 (.800-1.10) 1.60 (1.40-1.70) 2.00 (1.80-2.40) 762 

03-04 .604 (.553-.660) .630 (.570-.680) .920 (.810-1.02) 1.32 (1.14-1.80) 1.86 (1.44-2.29) 725 

05-06 .472 (.421-.530) .490 (.450-.540) .780 (.710-.830) 1.19 (1.10-1.45) 1.65 (1.34-1.80) 701 

07-08 .386 (.346-.431) .380 (.350-.410) .640 (.560-.720) 1.03 (.870-1.24) 1.38 (1.09-1.91) 376 

09-10 .320 (.283-.361) .320 (.270-.370) .530 (.460-.630) .830 (.710-1.10) 1.16 (.860-1.37) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .752 (.691-.818) .800 (.700-.900) 1.40 (1.30-1.50) 2.20 (2.00-2.40) 2.90 (2.60-3.30) 1406 

01-02 .688 (.641-.738) .700 (.700-.800) 1.20 (1.20-1.30) 2.00 (1.90-2.30) 2.80 (2.50-2.90) 1560 

03-04 .625 (.579-.674) .620 (.560-.700) 1.04 (.960-1.11) 1.70 (1.52-1.80) 2.21 (2.04-2.49) 1543 

05-06 .574 (.539-.612) .600 (.560-.640) 1.02 (.970-1.13) 1.65 (1.53-1.81) 2.21 (1.99-2.57) 1520 

07-08 .512 (.485-.540) .530 (.490-.560) .900 (.820-.950) 1.49 (1.29-1.64) 2.01 (1.78-2.33) 1857 

09-10 .486 (.465-.507) .490 (.470-.520) .830 (.780-.880) 1.32 (1.16-1.46) 1.71 (1.52-2.03) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .923 (.822-1.04) .900 (.900-1.00) 1.60 (1.40-1.80) 2.50 (2.20-2.90) 3.40 (2.90-3.80) 1227 

01-02 .808 (.757-.862) .800 (.800-.900) 1.40 (1.30-1.50) 2.50 (2.20-2.70) 3.20 (2.90-3.50) 1335 

03-04 .731 (.680-.785) .730 (.680-.800) 1.17 (1.07-1.27) 2.03 (1.78-2.22) 2.66 (2.33-2.91) 1281 

05-06 .672 (.638-.707) .690 (.620-.760) 1.16 (1.04-1.28) 1.78 (1.60-2.00) 2.45 (2.00-2.97) 1271 

07-08 .560 (.518-.606) .570 (.530-.620) .930 (.840-1.02) 1.63 (1.36-1.97) 2.30 (1.97-3.07) 1327 

09-10 .527 (.491-.566) .540 (.480-.580) .880 (.820-.960) 1.41 (1.25-1.58) 1.83 (1.62-2.21) 1398 

Females 99-00 .642 (.589-.701) .700 (.600-.800) 1.20 (1.10-1.30) 1.90 (1.60-2.20) 2.40 (2.10-3.00) 1238 

01-02 .573 (.535-.613) .600 (.600-.600) 1.10 (1.00-1.10) 1.60 (1.50-1.80) 2.20 (1.90-2.40) 1355 

03-04 .558 (.506-.616) .540 (.480-.620) .920 (.820-1.04) 1.49 (1.24-1.75) 1.82 (1.59-2.30) 1277 

05-06 .461 (.425-.499) .460 (.430-.510) .810 (.730-.880) 1.27 (1.17-1.46) 1.86 (1.54-2.17) 1305 

07-08 .436 (.412-.461) .430 (.400-.480) .760 (.690-.830) 1.22 (1.05-1.34) 1.67 (1.44-1.81) 1300 

09-10 .400 (.378-.424) .420 (.390-.440) .690 (.660-.740) 1.05 (.990-1.13) 1.42 (1.26-1.59) 1450 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.1, 0.1, 0.33, 0.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Lead_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Lead_FactSheet.html

143 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Lead 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 1.02 (.915-1.13) 1.10 (.900-1.20) 1.80 (1.60-1.90) 2.90 (2.50-3.40) 4.30 (3.10-5.40) 884 

01-02 .833 (.745-.931) .900 (.700-1.00) 1.50 (1.20-1.70) 2.50 (2.00-2.90) 3.30 (2.70-3.80) 683 

03-04 .815 (.710-.935) .840 (.700-.990) 1.31 (1.18-1.59) 2.19 (1.86-2.50) 2.66 (2.13-3.97) 618 

05-06 .729 (.653-.815) .770 (.680-.860) 1.32 (1.15-1.59) 2.22 (1.81-2.64) 3.08 (2.50-4.03) 652 

07-08 .607 (.528-.698) .610 (.530-.690) .990 (.890-1.21) 1.76 (1.37-2.17) 2.29 (1.82-2.80) 515 

09-10 .546 (.483-.618) .520 (.460-.580) .930 (.800-1.09) 1.66 (1.34-1.89) 2.16 (1.80-2.87) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 1.11 (1.00-1.23) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.90 (1.50-2.10) 3.00 (2.40-3.50) 4.20 (3.30-5.70) 568 

01-02 .940 (.833-1.06) .900 (.800-1.00) 1.60 (1.30-1.80) 2.70 (2.10-3.40) 3.70 (2.90-4.80) 667 

03-04 .848 (.729-.986) .850 (.710-1.00) 1.40 (1.10-1.72) 2.14 (1.78-2.64) 2.82 (2.31-3.89) 723 

05-06 .666 (.604-.734) .660 (.590-.760) 1.09 (.980-1.18) 1.62 (1.42-1.85) 2.24 (1.65-2.90) 692 

07-08 .618 (.558-.685) .620 (.560-.690) 1.01 (.920-1.13) 1.56 (1.38-1.90) 2.06 (1.88-2.60) 589 

09-10 .560 (.522-.601) .550 (.490-.600) .910 (.830-1.01) 1.53 (1.26-1.71) 1.96 (1.68-2.80) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .695 (.625-.773) .700 (.700-.900) 1.30 (1.10-1.40) 2.00 (1.80-2.40) 2.70 (2.30-3.10) 822 

01-02 .610 (.572-.651) .700 (.600-.700) 1.10 (1.10-1.20) 1.90 (1.70-2.00) 2.40 (2.30-2.60) 1132 

03-04 .591 (.556-.628) .590 (.540-.650) .960 (.910-.990) 1.52 (1.40-1.75) 2.14 (1.78-2.51) 1074 

05-06 .520 (.477-.566) .540 (.490-.580) .950 (.820-1.05) 1.53 (1.30-1.76) 2.07 (1.78-2.45) 1041 

07-08 .452 (.422-.485) .460 (.430-.490) .780 (.700-.880) 1.23 (1.03-1.50) 1.79 (1.58-1.97) 1095 

09-10 .431 (.406-.458) .450 (.410-.480) .750 (.690-.820) 1.11 (1.05-1.24) 1.51 (1.39-1.67) 1225 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.1, 0.1, 0.33, 0.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Lead_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Lead_FactSheet.html

144 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Lead (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .721 (.700-.742) .701 (.677-.725) 1.11 (1.05-1.15) 1.70 (1.62-1.85) 2.38 (2.22-2.79) 2465 

01-02 .639 (.603-.677) .635 (.588-.676) 1.03 (.963-1.08) 1.52 (1.43-1.61) 2.03 (1.89-2.22) 2689 

03-04 .632 (.603-.662) .622 (.594-.655) .979 (.920-1.03) 1.49 (1.33-1.64) 1.97 (1.73-2.26) 2558 

05-06 .546 (.520-.573) .530 (.510-.560) .860 (.810-.900) 1.27 (1.15-1.37) 1.71 (1.50-1.89) 2576 

07-08 .514 (.482-.548) .500 (.460-.530) .800 (.720-.880) 1.30 (1.23-1.42) 1.85 (1.73-1.96) 2627 

09-10 .488 (.466-.512) .470 (.440-.500) .760 (.710-.810) 1.16 (1.08-1.28) 1.53 (1.41-1.62) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 1.17 (.975-1.41) 1.06 (.918-1.22) 1.55 (1.22-1.97) 2.71 (1.67-4.66) 4.66 (1.97-18.0) 340 

01-02 .918 (.841-1.00) .870 (.800-.933) 1.27 (1.12-1.43) 2.33 (1.59-3.64) 3.64 (1.89-5.56) 368 

03-04 .926 (.812-1.06) .914 (.781-1.03) 1.45 (1.17-1.72) 2.14 (1.62-3.47) 3.47 (2.19-5.31) 290 

05-06 .628 (.563-.701) .590 (.530-.680) .870 (.770-.940) 1.29 (1.03-1.82) 1.96 (1.32-2.42) 355 

07-08 .643 (.543-.763) .630 (.530-.730) 1.02 (.770-1.24) 1.50 (1.24-2.02) 2.04 (1.70-2.58) 394 

09-10 .604 (.551-.662) .580 (.520-.650) .870 (.780-1.00) 1.32 (1.09-1.51) 1.60 (1.38-1.75) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .496 (.460-.535) .469 (.408-.508) .709 (.655-.828) 1.11 (.981-1.28) 1.65 (1.15-2.79) 719 

01-02 .404 (.380-.428) .375 (.342-.400) .603 (.541-.702) .990 (.882-1.18) 1.41 (1.07-1.63) 762 

03-04 .432 (.404-.461) .404 (.383-.436) .623 (.551-.730) .938 (.828-1.06) 1.23 (1.09-1.35) 725 

05-06 .363 (.333-.395) .340 (.310-.360) .510 (.460-.600) .800 (.690-.930) 1.07 (.940-1.23) 701 

07-08 .302 (.270-.337) .290 (.250-.340) .430 (.400-.490) .670 (.550-.790) .900 (.700-1.09) 376 

09-10 .299 (.273-.328) .290 (.260-.320) .420 (.370-.490) .620 (.550-.760) .880 (.740-1.01) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .720 (.683-.758) .712 (.667-.739) 1.10 (1.02-1.18) 1.69 (1.53-1.87) 2.31 (2.15-2.62) 1406 

01-02 .658 (.617-.703) .652 (.608-.702) 1.05 (.992-1.11) 1.51 (1.40-1.61) 2.00 (1.85-2.19) 1559 

03-04 .641 (.606-.679) .633 (.605-.670) .988 (.917-1.04) 1.47 (1.28-1.63) 1.94 (1.72-2.12) 1543 

05-06 .573 (.548-.600) .570 (.530-.600) .890 (.850-.960) 1.32 (1.22-1.41) 1.77 (1.53-1.94) 1520 

07-08 .545 (.513-.579) .530 (.490-.570) .840 (.760-.910) 1.36 (1.27-1.49) 1.92 (1.78-2.08) 1857 

09-10 .514 (.489-.539) .500 (.460-.530) .790 (.730-.840) 1.22 (1.10-1.35) 1.57 (1.46-1.71) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .720 (.679-.763) .693 (.645-.734) 1.10 (.992-1.22) 1.68 (1.50-2.09) 2.43 (2.15-3.03) 1227 

01-02 .639 (.607-.673) .638 (.586-.686) 1.01 (.957-1.08) 1.55 (1.41-1.61) 2.06 (1.88-2.43) 1334 

03-04 .615 (.588-.644) .593 (.561-.639) .914 (.862-.977) 1.44 (1.25-1.53) 2.00 (1.71-2.28) 1281 

05-06 .551 (.522-.582) .530 (.510-.580) .830 (.770-.910) 1.25 (1.13-1.39) 1.77 (1.42-2.20) 1271 

07-08 .501 (.471-.534) .490 (.450-.530) .750 (.700-.810) 1.29 (1.15-1.49) 1.88 (1.71-1.98) 1327 

09-10 .481 (.458-.505) .450 (.430-.490) .740 (.690-.800) 1.15 (1.04-1.29) 1.56 (1.37-1.70) 1398 

Females 99-00 .722 (.681-.765) .707 (.667-.746) 1.11 (1.05-1.18) 1.74 (1.50-2.02) 2.38 (2.03-2.88) 1238 

01-02 .639 (.594-.688) .625 (.571-.682) 1.03 (.946-1.11) 1.50 (1.39-1.61) 1.98 (1.85-2.15) 1355 

03-04 .648 (.601-.698) .649 (.604-.718) 1.03 (.938-1.10) 1.56 (1.34-1.73) 1.96 (1.72-2.20) 1277 

05-06 .541 (.507-.577) .530 (.500-.580) .880 (.820-.940) 1.28 (1.12-1.41) 1.64 (1.38-1.91) 1305 

07-08 .527 (.489-.568) .500 (.470-.550) .840 (.740-.960) 1.34 (1.23-1.47) 1.79 (1.56-2.08) 1300 

09-10 .495 (.466-.526) .480 (.450-.520) .780 (.710-.830) 1.20 (1.08-1.32) 1.52 (1.39-1.62) 1450 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Lead_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Lead_FactSheet.html

145 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Lead (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .940 (.876-1.01) .887 (.796-1.03) 1.43 (1.37-1.58) 2.38 (2.08-2.77) 3.46 (2.78-4.18) 884 

01-02 .810 (.731-.898) .774 (.702-.893) 1.29 (1.09-1.44) 2.05 (1.75-2.50) 2.78 (2.56-3.33) 682 

03-04 .755 (.681-.838) .708 (.612-.851) 1.18 (1.09-1.31) 1.86 (1.50-2.26) 2.31 (1.98-2.92) 618 

05-06 .686 (.638-.737) .680 (.620-.740) 1.00 (.930-1.13) 1.63 (1.39-1.88) 2.20 (1.77-3.20) 652 

07-08 .607 (.514-.717) .590 (.500-.690) .970 (.770-1.19) 1.56 (1.25-2.07) 2.20 (1.78-2.46) 515 

09-10 .573 (.526-.623) .540 (.470-.610) .950 (.780-1.06) 1.59 (1.41-1.82) 2.02 (1.82-2.40) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .722 (.659-.790) .671 (.583-.753) 1.11 (.988-1.20) 2.00 (1.56-2.51) 2.83 (2.20-3.88) 568 

01-02 .644 (.559-.742) .608 (.510-.710) .962 (.853-1.20) 1.79 (1.36-2.33) 2.75 (2.04-3.98) 667 

03-04 .609 (.529-.701) .569 (.492-.698) .900 (.793-1.03) 1.48 (1.11-1.97) 2.24 (1.65-2.88) 723 

05-06 .483 (.459-.508) .470 (.440-.490) .740 (.670-.820) 1.18 (1.06-1.29) 1.60 (1.37-1.85) 692 

07-08 .452 (.414-.492) .440 (.400-.490) .710 (.610-.780) 1.13 (.930-1.33) 1.57 (1.21-1.88) 589 

09-10 .444 (.417-.473) .420 (.390-.470) .680 (.600-.740) 1.07 (.940-1.18) 1.51 (1.18-1.65) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .696 (.668-.725) .677 (.645-.718) 1.07 (.997-1.14) 1.66 (1.50-1.83) 2.31 (1.94-2.82) 822 

01-02 .615 (.579-.654) .621 (.571-.667) 1.00 (.933-1.07) 1.46 (1.37-1.52) 1.88 (1.62-2.03) 1132 

03-04 .623 (.592-.655) .618 (.587-.657) .971 (.914-1.03) 1.44 (1.25-1.61) 1.85 (1.64-2.10) 1074 

05-06 .541 (.500-.585) .530 (.490-.580) .850 (.790-.920) 1.24 (1.12-1.37) 1.62 (1.37-1.94) 1041 

07-08 .506 (.466-.550) .490 (.460-.540) .790 (.700-.880) 1.27 (1.15-1.42) 1.81 (1.59-1.96) 1095 

09-10 .482 (.448-.518) .460 (.430-.500) .740 (.690-.820) 1.15 (1.01-1.30) 1.46 (1.32-1.59) 1225 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Lead_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Lead_FactSheet.html

146 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Total Blood Mercury 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of blood concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 .797 (.703-.903) .800 (.700-.900) 1.70 (1.50-1.90) 3.30 (2.90-3.90) 4.90 (4.30-5.50) 8373 

05-06 .863 (.787-.946) .830 (.760-.920) 1.66 (1.48-1.93) 3.20 (2.87-3.54) 4.64 (4.17-5.25) 8407 

07-08 .769 (.689-.859) .740 (.660-.830) 1.48 (1.29-1.69) 2.95 (2.46-3.59) 4.64 (3.74-5.79) 8266 

09-10 .863 (.792-.941) .790 (.730-.880) 1.68 (1.49-1.91) 3.43 (3.07-3.84) 5.13 (4.57-5.67) 8793 

Age group 

1-5 years 03-04 .326 (.285-.372) .300 (.300-.300) .500 (.500-.700) 1.00 (.800-1.60) 1.80 (1.30-2.50) 911 

05-06 * < LOD .500 (.470-.550) .940 (.820-1.24) 1.43 (1.25-1.59) 968 

07-08 * < LOD .440 (.380-.540) .830 (.620-1.12) 1.32 (.960-2.40) 817 

09-10 * < LOD .490 (.430-.590) .890 (.740-1.08) 1.30 (1.08-1.52) 836 

6-11 years 03-04 .419 (.363-.484) .400 (.400-.500) .700 (.700-.900) 1.30 (1.00-1.60) 1.90 (1.40-3.50) 856 

05-06 * .410 (.330-.460) .740 (.630-1.00) 1.43 (1.21-1.87) 2.34 (1.53-3.42) 934 

07-08 * .380 (.340-.440) .700 (.600-.790) 1.21 (.970-1.36) 1.56 (1.34-1.80) 1011 

09-10 * .360 (<LOD-.400) .670 (.590-.770) 1.22 (1.05-1.45) 1.88 (1.43-2.61) 1009 

12-19 years 03-04 .490 (.418-.574) .500 (.400-.600) 1.00 (.800-1.20) 1.80 (1.40-2.30) 2.60 (2.10-3.30) 2081 

05-06 .513 (.461-.570) .460 (.390-.530) .850 (.740-1.04) 1.66 (1.31-1.98) 2.41 (2.12-2.90) 1996 

07-08 .469 (.426-.516) .440 (.390-.490) .800 (.670-.970) 1.55 (1.30-1.72) 2.05 (1.77-2.34) 1074 

09-10 .534 (.473-.602) .450 (.370-.540) .910 (.770-1.11) 2.04 (1.53-2.55) 3.01 (2.53-3.63) 1183 

20 years and older 03-04 .979 (.860-1.12) 1.00 (.800-1.10) 2.00 (1.70-2.30) 3.80 (3.20-4.40) 5.40 (4.60-6.70) 4525 

05-06 1.06 (.967-1.15) 1.03 (.930-1.15) 1.98 (1.73-2.22) 3.64 (3.33-4.01) 5.31 (4.82-5.67) 4509 

07-08 .944 (.833-1.07) .890 (.780-1.03) 1.73 (1.47-2.09) 3.41 (2.82-4.17) 5.32 (4.32-6.72) 5364 

09-10 1.04 (.956-1.14) .970 (.870-1.08) 2.00 (1.80-2.20) 3.96 (3.55-4.27) 5.75 (5.14-6.50) 5765 

Gender 

Males 03-04 .814 (.714-.927) .800 (.700-.900) 1.80 (1.50-2.00) 3.70 (3.20-4.30) 5.40 (4.60-6.50) 4132 

05-06 .864 (.783-.954) .810 (.720-.940) 1.69 (1.48-2.01) 3.30 (2.86-3.73) 4.83 (4.08-5.45) 4092 

07-08 .809 (.709-.923) .760 (.670-.850) 1.56 (1.31-1.81) 3.21 (2.72-4.06) 5.16 (4.12-6.97) 4147 

09-10 .883 (.810-.962) .790 (.730-.870) 1.75 (1.54-2.02) 3.84 (3.35-4.26) 5.65 (5.13-6.34) 4366 

Females 03-04 .781 (.689-.886) .800 (.700-.900) 1.60 (1.40-1.80) 3.00 (2.50-3.50) 4.40 (3.60-5.30) 4241 

05-06 .864 (.791-.943) .850 (.770-.920) 1.63 (1.44-1.89) 3.09 (2.75-3.46) 4.51 (4.01-5.28) 4315 

07-08 .748 (.677-.827) .720 (.660-.810) 1.42 (1.24-1.60) 2.70 (2.27-3.27) 3.93 (3.17-5.16) 4119 

09-10 .845 (.772-.924) .800 (.720-.880) 1.61 (1.43-1.81) 3.13 (2.76-3.48) 4.43 (4.04-5.11) 4427 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 .563 (.472-.672) .600 (.500-.700) 1.00 (.800-1.30) 1.90 (1.60-2.40) 3.00 (2.20-3.80) 2085 

05-06 .597 (.524-.679) .580 (.490-.670) 1.04 (.870-1.24) 1.70 (1.40-2.12) 2.58 (1.96-3.31) 2236 

07-08 .594 (.536-.658) .580 (.520-.670) 1.03 (.900-1.17) 1.73 (1.49-2.04) 2.48 (2.10-2.91) 1712 

09-10 .613 (.571-.659) .580 (.540-.630) 1.01 (.890-1.15) 1.63 (1.47-1.90) 2.45 (2.03-2.93) 1966 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 .877 (.753-1.02) .900 (.800-1.00) 1.60 (1.40-1.80) 3.00 (2.30-4.00) 4.40 (3.30-6.00) 2293 

05-06 .823 (.697-.972) .800 (.670-.940) 1.50 (1.21-1.92) 2.72 (2.14-3.59) 4.09 (3.22-5.16) 2193 

07-08 .766 (.711-.825) .780 (.710-.830) 1.32 (1.23-1.42) 2.25 (1.99-2.58) 3.42 (2.74-3.90) 1746 

09-10 .928 (.805-1.07) .900 (.800-1.02) 1.67 (1.38-1.96) 2.93 (2.20-4.21) 4.56 (3.34-6.69) 1593 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 .776 (.655-.919) .800 (.700-.900) 1.70 (1.40-2.00) 3.20 (2.60-3.90) 4.70 (4.00-5.60) 3478 

05-06 .891 (.801-.992) .870 (.770-1.00) 1.74 (1.50-2.10) 3.37 (2.88-3.76) 4.76 (4.18-5.37) 3310 

07-08 .743 (.651-.847) .720 (.620-.820) 1.43 (1.18-1.70) 2.79 (2.33-3.41) 4.18 (3.57-4.83) 3461 

09-10 .856 (.766-.957) .790 (.690-.920) 1.70 (1.46-1.98) 3.43 (2.94-3.94) 4.92 (4.30-5.65) 3760 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.2, 0.33, 0.33, and 0.33 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Mercury_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Mercury_FactSheet.html

147 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Inorganic Blood Mercury 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of blood concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD .600 (.500-.600) .700 (.700-.700) 8147 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .540 (.500-.580) .660 (.620-.710) 8371 

07-08 * < LOD .350 (<LOD-.370) .520 (.500-.540) .650 (.620-.690) 8162 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .390 (.360-.430) .510 (.480-.570) 8733 

Age group 

1-5 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .500 (<LOD-.600) 792 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .430 (<LOD-.470) .510 (.430-.670) 948 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .350 (<LOD-.450) .500 (.410-.550) 726 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .360 (<LOD-.460) 789 

6-11 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .600 (.500-.600) 842 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .450 (<LOD-.520) .560 (.470-.640) 932 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .380 (.350-.410) .470 (.420-.520) 1010 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .380 (.350-.440) 1006 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD .500 (<LOD-.500) .600 (.500-.600) 2060 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .430 (.410-.460) .540 (.480-.590) 1984 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .370 (<LOD-.400) .480 (.410-.530) 1069 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .420 (.350-.500) 1184 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD .600 (.500-.600) .700 (.700-.800) 4453 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .570 (.530-.610) .690 (.650-.750) 4507 

07-08 * < LOD .380 (.360-.390) .550 (.530-.570) .700 (.660-.730) 5357 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .420 (.390-.450) .540 (.490-.600) 5754 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD .500 (.500-.600) .600 (.600-.700) 4015 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .480 (.450-.520) .600 (.550-.640) 4076 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .500 (.470-.520) .600 (.570-.650) 4093 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .370 (<LOD-.420) .500 (.440-.560) 4336 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD .600 (.500-.600) .700 (.700-.800) 4132 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .580 (.550-.640) .700 (.670-.780) 4295 

07-08 * < LOD .380 (.360-.390) .550 (.520-.570) .700 (.670-.740) 4069 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .410 (.380-.440) .530 (.490-.600) 4397 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD .500 (.500-.600) .700 (.600-.800) 2007 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .530 (.470-.580) .670 (.560-.830) 2224 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .430 (.400-.480) .560 (.520-.610) 1685 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .470 (.390-.530) 1947 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD .600 (.500-.600) .700 (.600-.800) 2240 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .530 (.470-.600) .670 (.600-.760) 2183 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .490 (.450-.530) .610 (.560-.650) 1729 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .370 (.350-.390) .480 (.410-.530) 1580 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD .600 (.500-.600) .700 (.600-.700) 3406 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .540 (.500-.580) .650 (.610-.710) 3298 

07-08 * < LOD .360 (<LOD-.390) .530 (.500-.550) .660 (.620-.700) 3421 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .410 (.370-.450) .520 (.480-.590) 3739 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.42, 0.4, 0.35, and 0.35 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Mercury_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Mercury_FactSheet.html

148 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mercury 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 .447 (.406-.492) .420 (.360-.480) 1.00 (.870-1.14) 2.08 (1.78-2.42) 3.19 (2.76-3.55) 2538 

05-06 .468 (.426-.514) .460 (.410-.510) 1.03 (.900-1.12) 2.11 (1.88-2.36) 2.94 (2.58-3.26) 2578 

07-08 .443 (.408-.482) .440 (.400-.470) .880 (.760-1.00) 1.74 (1.62-1.96) 2.66 (2.29-3.08) 2634 

09-10 * .400 (.360-.450) .850 (.770-.910) 1.53 (1.30-1.81) 2.42 (2.07-2.72) 2865 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 .254 (.213-.304) .200 (.160-.250) .440 (.330-.580) 1.16 (.610-1.61) 1.96 (1.13-2.97) 287 

05-06 .333 (.267-.416) .320 (.250-.390) .650 (.470-.840) 1.32 (.930-1.88) 2.18 (1.28-3.40) 355 

07-08 .301 (.260-.347) .290 (.230-.340) .520 (.430-.620) 1.03 (.770-1.23) 1.87 (1.03-3.48) 398 

09-10 * .260 (.220-.320) .510 (.430-.620) 1.03 (.730-1.31) 1.58 (1.18-1.88) 379 

12-19 years 03-04 .358 (.313-.408) .330 (.290-.370) .700 (.530-.840) 1.60 (1.14-2.52) 2.93 (1.88-3.66) 722 

05-06 .372 (.286-.486) .350 (.270-.470) .740 (.580-.920) 1.61 (.970-2.81) 2.59 (1.40-4.45) 703 

07-08 .364 (.326-.406) .380 (.320-.450) .590 (.550-.650) 1.24 (.830-1.71) 1.82 (1.41-2.29) 375 

09-10 * .290 (.230-.360) .530 (.470-.630) 1.09 (.890-1.31) 1.73 (1.28-2.31) 455 

20 years and older 03-04 .495 (.442-.555) .480 (.410-.570) 1.12 (.930-1.29) 2.20 (1.85-2.65) 3.33 (2.76-3.88) 1529 

05-06 .505 (.468-.545) .510 (.460-.560) 1.11 (1.04-1.16) 2.23 (1.97-2.50) 3.11 (2.64-3.37) 1520 

07-08 .477 (.435-.523) .470 (.430-.520) .970 (.850-1.10) 1.89 (1.69-2.20) 2.82 (2.33-3.56) 1861 

09-10 * .450 (.390-.510) .890 (.810-1.00) 1.66 (1.40-2.01) 2.53 (2.21-2.84) 2031 

Gender 

Males 03-04 .433 (.405-.463) .400 (.350-.460) .940 (.840-1.05) 1.88 (1.63-2.18) 2.68 (2.34-3.05) 1266 

05-06 .464 (.411-.523) .450 (.400-.520) .980 (.860-1.11) 2.03 (1.57-2.48) 3.00 (2.48-3.37) 1270 

07-08 .457 (.417-.501) .460 (.400-.520) .880 (.780-1.01) 1.68 (1.53-1.77) 2.40 (2.11-2.76) 1326 

09-10 * .410 (.340-.480) .860 (.750-.950) 1.46 (1.29-1.66) 2.21 (1.93-2.53) 1404 

Females 03-04 .460 (.396-.534) .430 (.330-.530) 1.07 (.870-1.28) 2.26 (1.77-2.90) 3.54 (2.76-4.31) 1272 

05-06 .472 (.424-.525) .470 (.390-.550) 1.07 (.900-1.19) 2.14 (1.84-2.50) 2.89 (2.60-3.38) 1308 

07-08 .431 (.388-.478) .430 (.380-.460) .870 (.710-1.05) 1.88 (1.55-2.38) 2.92 (2.27-4.17) 1308 

09-10 * .390 (.360-.450) .840 (.730-.940) 1.61 (1.29-2.03) 2.61 (2.16-3.12) 1461 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 .416 (.340-.509) .360 (.280-.430) .960 (.700-1.23) 2.19 (1.39-3.24) 3.16 (1.99-6.30) 619 

05-06 .451 (.369-.551) .420 (.310-.560) 1.01 (.780-1.25) 2.22 (1.48-2.64) 3.00 (2.27-4.01) 651 

07-08 .409 (.349-.480) .370 (.330-.450) .780 (.700-.950) 1.82 (1.26-1.97) 2.55 (1.87-3.08) 514 

09-10 * .350 (.280-.430) .670 (.520-.890) 1.53 (1.06-1.84) 2.29 (1.81-2.76) 615 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 .476 (.413-.549) .430 (.360-.530) .890 (.770-1.00) 1.96 (1.60-2.31) 3.09 (2.03-4.89) 713 

05-06 .453 (.384-.533) .450 (.380-.550) .890 (.710-1.13) 1.78 (1.34-2.29) 2.57 (2.21-3.15) 691 

07-08 .478 (.411-.556) .460 (.380-.540) .910 (.770-1.06) 1.85 (1.42-2.41) 2.76 (1.97-4.19) 589 

09-10 * .410 (.340-.490) .840 (.650-1.08) 1.66 (1.34-1.95) 2.64 (1.88-3.30) 546 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 .441 (.382-.509) .420 (.330-.520) 1.01 (.840-1.23) 2.08 (1.67-2.46) 3.24 (2.67-3.60) 1066 

05-06 .459 (.409-.513) .440 (.400-.510) 1.00 (.860-1.12) 2.07 (1.77-2.40) 2.81 (2.47-3.37) 1044 

07-08 .431 (.378-.493) .430 (.380-.480) .880 (.700-1.07) 1.71 (1.50-2.18) 2.70 (2.18-3.59) 1100 

09-10 * .390 (.330-.470) .850 (.750-.950) 1.52 (1.26-2.01) 2.42 (1.93-2.85) 1225 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.14, 0.11, 0.08, and 0.08 respectively. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Mercury_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Mercury_FactSheet.html

149 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mercury (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 .443 (.404-.486) .447 (.392-.498) .909 (.785-1.00) 1.65 (1.40-1.86) 2.35 (1.88-2.85) 2537 

05-06 .460 (.414-.511) .450 (.410-.510) .870 (.790-1.00) 1.63 (1.44-1.75) 2.26 (2.12-2.50) 2578 

07-08 .462 (.425-.502) .450 (.400-.490) .820 (.750-.960) 1.57 (1.38-1.73) 2.32 (2.00-2.89) 2634 

09-10 * .409 (.367-.459) .793 (.691-.893) 1.43 (1.24-1.67) 2.09 (1.79-2.39) 2865 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 .297 (.246-.358) .276 (.208-.347) .485 (.391-.630) 1.25 (.667-1.79) 1.79 (1.11-2.61) 286 

05-06 .411 (.323-.524) .390 (.290-.500) .710 (.510-.960) 1.30 (.990-2.12) 2.55 (1.38-3.50) 355 

07-08 .393 (.351-.440) .350 (.300-.440) .630 (.540-.770) 1.15 (.860-1.50) 1.68 (1.18-2.99) 398 

09-10 * .357 (.306-.406) .632 (.500-.750) 1.04 (.863-1.26) 1.62 (1.19-1.98) 379 

12-19 years 03-04 .255 (.225-.289) .217 (.196-.275) .464 (.376-.535) 1.06 (.714-1.39) 1.67 (1.13-2.03) 722 

05-06 .286 (.230-.356) .260 (.200-.320) .500 (.380-.660) 1.09 (.660-1.70) 1.76 (1.11-2.67) 703 

07-08 .284 (.251-.320) .280 (.230-.300) .500 (.400-.550) .890 (.620-1.08) 1.18 (.980-1.36) 375 

09-10 * .226 (.202-.287) .481 (.429-.553) .917 (.736-1.18) 1.41 (1.12-1.62) 455 

20 years and older 03-04 .508 (.455-.566) .525 (.447-.616) 1.00 (.875-1.09) 1.76 (1.46-2.11) 2.54 (2.04-3.00) 1529 

05-06 .503 (.461-.549) .510 (.470-.550) .940 (.850-1.07) 1.69 (1.50-1.86) 2.31 (2.12-2.54) 1520 

07-08 .507 (.463-.555) .500 (.450-.550) .940 (.810-1.02) 1.69 (1.51-2.01) 2.56 (2.09-3.17) 1861 

09-10 * .454 (.395-.517) .861 (.731-.988) 1.51 (1.29-1.85) 2.15 (1.88-2.57) 2031 

Gender 

Males 03-04 .365 (.333-.400) .362 (.309-.417) .696 (.620-.784) 1.31 (1.18-1.44) 1.87 (1.51-2.30) 1266 

05-06 .380 (.336-.431) .390 (.330-.440) .740 (.600-.890) 1.27 (1.09-1.47) 1.73 (1.62-1.85) 1270 

07-08 .408 (.374-.445) .390 (.350-.450) .730 (.650-.810) 1.22 (1.11-1.36) 1.69 (1.54-2.11) 1326 

09-10 * .337 (.298-.391) .675 (.585-.802) 1.19 (1.06-1.29) 1.50 (1.33-1.78) 1404 

Females 03-04 .532 (.472-.599) .545 (.455-.652) 1.06 (.969-1.21) 1.88 (1.64-2.30) 2.77 (2.12-3.56) 1271 

05-06 .552 (.494-.617) .540 (.490-.620) 1.09 (.850-1.27) 1.96 (1.72-2.14) 2.78 (2.35-3.17) 1308 

07-08 .520 (.469-.576) .490 (.460-.540) .960 (.820-1.11) 1.92 (1.58-2.24) 2.83 (2.24-3.50) 1308 

09-10 * .475 (.423-.552) .890 (.771-1.07) 1.81 (1.43-2.09) 2.57 (2.09-2.94) 1461 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 .384 (.307-.480) .365 (.280-.455) .768 (.619-.990) 1.62 (1.23-2.16) 2.32 (1.78-4.01) 618 

05-06 .425 (.337-.536) .400 (.310-.490) .840 (.560-1.29) 1.82 (1.30-2.47) 2.63 (2.22-3.20) 651 

07-08 .409 (.350-.479) .380 (.310-.480) .790 (.690-.850) 1.55 (1.08-1.98) 2.03 (1.55-2.70) 514 

09-10 * .333 (.272-.400) .660 (.494-.861) 1.29 (1.02-1.54) 1.95 (1.52-2.89) 615 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 .343 (.301-.391) .306 (.265-.368) .587 (.522-.687) 1.28 (.964-1.63) 2.13 (1.41-2.87) 713 

05-06 .328 (.285-.378) .320 (.270-.370) .610 (.470-.780) 1.15 (.930-1.40) 1.64 (1.29-1.96) 691 

07-08 .350 (.303-.404) .330 (.280-.380) .590 (.490-.690) 1.10 (.840-1.46) 1.85 (1.13-2.77) 589 

09-10 * .317 (.259-.393) .582 (.500-.659) 1.05 (.900-1.30) 1.55 (1.18-1.96) 546 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 .463 (.400-.537) .476 (.385-.588) .970 (.800-1.07) 1.67 (1.32-2.11) 2.40 (1.88-2.90) 1066 

05-06 .475 (.426-.531) .490 (.440-.540) .890 (.820-1.02) 1.61 (1.42-1.75) 2.23 (1.98-2.50) 1044 

07-08 .481 (.423-.546) .480 (.390-.540) .890 (.750-1.03) 1.58 (1.34-2.02) 2.49 (1.89-3.18) 1100 

09-10 * .434 (.370-.500) .833 (.689-1.04) 1.50 (1.26-1.87) 2.12 (1.80-2.64) 1225 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Mercury_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Mercury_FactSheet.html

150 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Molybdenum 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 45.9 (40.1-52.6) 50.7 (44.6-58.4) 84.9 (78.7-92.3) 135 (125-146) 180 (154-216) 2257 

01-02 45.0 (42.1-48.0) 52.4 (48.9-55.5) 83.4 (79.1-88.7) 124 (117-130) 165 (145-176) 2690 

03-04 39.7 (37.7-41.7) 44.5 (41.6-46.7) 78.5 (74.9-82.3) 111 (105-118) 138 (133-146) 2558 

05-06 45.0 (42.4-47.8) 51.0 (47.2-54.7) 81.5 (77.4-85.8) 127 (117-132) 158 (144-174) 2576 

07-08 45.2 (43.1-47.3) 49.7 (47.4-52.0) 86.2 (82.3-89.3) 136 (128-142) 163 (154-171) 2627 

09-10 42.7 (40.8-44.7) 45.2 (43.6-47.3) 79.9 (75.9-83.0) 121 (112-130) 160 (147-180) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 78.2 (61.0-100) 84.8 (67.7-105) 126 (106-147) 178 (147-259) 267 (159-840) 310 

01-02 63.3 (53.4-75.0) 69.2 (63.0-77.6) 109 (94.5-124) 169 (138-197) 197 (161-291) 368 

03-04 62.2 (56.7-68.3) 71.3 (55.7-84.1) 108 (92.7-122) 138 (127-152) 181 (138-235) 290 

05-06 65.6 (56.6-76.0) 73.5 (62.8-85.5) 108 (98.6-115) 154 (130-176) 181 (154-205) 355 

07-08 69.3 (60.8-79.0) 72.8 (62.1-83.9) 123 (99.9-148) 169 (154-217) 235 (169-282) 394 

09-10 65.0 (57.8-73.2) 69.7 (61.1-84.2) 123 (103-138) 180 (146-205) 218 (180-263) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 54.3 (47.6-62.0) 60.6 (52.2-70.3) 93.3 (79.9-109) 146 (112-171) 188 (146-216) 648 

01-02 60.6 (55.5-66.2) 65.7 (58.7-73.1) 97.1 (91.8-108) 145 (129-159) 179 (155-227) 762 

03-04 52.5 (49.0-56.3) 59.6 (55.5-65.1) 87.3 (84.5-91.4) 118 (105-125) 143 (130-156) 725 

05-06 59.1 (53.7-65.1) 63.8 (57.9-69.4) 96.6 (86.3-103) 136 (127-147) 173 (148-202) 701 

07-08 64.1 (58.6-70.2) 68.6 (63.7-80.2) 107 (97.2-118) 149 (125-167) 174 (151-196) 376 

09-10 52.4 (47.5-57.7) 58.5 (51.4-65.6) 96.2 (85.0-104) 148 (120-170) 178 (151-201) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 41.7 (36.7-47.4) 46.6 (40.5-52.5) 76.7 (73.4-82.2) 126 (114-134) 168 (143-206) 1299 

01-02 41.1 (38.3-44.1) 47.6 (43.7-51.2) 79.1 (71.9-83.6) 114 (103-124) 150 (130-166) 1560 

03-04 35.9 (34.0-38.0) 40.3 (37.6-42.1) 71.5 (67.3-75.2) 105 (98.6-111) 133 (119-144) 1543 

05-06 41.3 (38.7-44.0) 46.0 (41.7-49.6) 75.7 (72.1-80.3) 116 (107-127) 153 (135-171) 1520 

07-08 40.8 (38.7-43.0) 44.5 (42.2-47.8) 77.7 (74.1-81.2) 123 (114-135) 152 (145-164) 1857 

09-10 39.6 (37.5-41.8) 42.0 (39.8-43.9) 73.5 (69.0-76.8) 107 (100-113) 144 (130-163) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 52.7 (45.7-60.7) 57.5 (48.5-68.4) 93.2 (83.8-106) 150 (128-187) 215 (161-278) 1121 

01-02 51.0 (46.6-55.7) 56.9 (52.0-62.6) 88.5 (81.6-96.5) 130 (120-141) 169 (145-194) 1335 

03-04 45.5 (43.3-47.8) 51.0 (48.1-55.4) 85.8 (82.8-90.7) 119 (112-130) 148 (136-163) 1281 

05-06 50.9 (48.2-53.9) 56.0 (51.0-60.3) 85.7 (80.3-92.8) 130 (122-136) 161 (145-177) 1271 

07-08 50.6 (48.1-53.2) 56.7 (52.4-60.6) 93.6 (88.7-98.7) 148 (137-150) 171 (159-178) 1327 

09-10 46.2 (43.5-49.1) 50.2 (46.4-52.7) 81.8 (77.0-85.9) 127 (113-144) 169 (147-197) 1398 

Females 99-00 40.4 (34.8-46.8) 45.6 (40.4-52.0) 77.3 (71.0-85.7) 119 (105-138) 154 (132-180) 1136 

01-02 39.9 (37.2-42.9) 45.8 (42.8-49.3) 78.4 (72.6-82.9) 115 (104-128) 158 (130-177) 1355 

03-04 34.9 (32.2-37.7) 37.9 (33.5-41.6) 67.3 (64.6-72.2) 101 (97.3-108) 127 (114-139) 1277 

05-06 40.0 (36.4-43.8) 45.6 (40.0-51.0) 75.6 (71.2-82.0) 118 (107-128) 154 (136-179) 1305 

07-08 40.5 (38.1-43.0) 43.5 (39.0-48.0) 77.0 (72.0-84.5) 123 (114-134) 152 (142-165) 1300 

09-10 39.6 (36.9-42.4) 41.4 (39.0-43.8) 76.8 (70.7-82.0) 114 (106-127) 151 (135-170) 1450 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.8, 0.8, 1.5, 0.92, 0.92, and 0.92 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Molybdenum_BiomonitoringSummary.html

151 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Molybdenum 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 47.0 (42.1-52.4) 53.2 (49.2-59.0) 80.6 (73.7-91.7) 121 (103-139) 152 (120-217) 780 

01-02 49.3 (46.5-52.3) 55.7 (50.4-61.0) 86.4 (80.8-94.1) 133 (113-155) 177 (142-207) 683 

03-04 47.0 (43.1-51.1) 54.4 (48.2-59.9) 82.9 (73.2-91.0) 121 (106-143) 152 (141-169) 618 

05-06 55.1 (51.7-58.7) 58.4 (54.1-63.6) 98.3 (91.5-105) 140 (134-150) 177 (153-200) 652 

07-08 53.3 (47.6-59.6) 57.3 (49.6-64.3) 90.4 (82.5-97.2) 140 (125-156) 176 (154-191) 515 

09-10 49.4 (45.9-53.2) 51.1 (46.4-55.4) 81.4 (76.2-85.9) 134 (115-149) 180 (148-231) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 57.7 (51.0-65.2) 62.2 (55.0-71.5) 97.8 (85.0-110) 153 (126-188) 206 (150-274) 546 

01-02 53.2 (49.9-56.7) 60.3 (55.1-63.8) 90.0 (81.0-101) 132 (121-147) 166 (147-170) 667 

03-04 46.0 (41.7-50.8) 46.2 (40.9-55.2) 82.3 (73.3-91.3) 117 (109-129) 156 (135-175) 723 

05-06 48.1 (44.7-51.8) 52.0 (48.3-55.7) 80.0 (71.6-89.4) 125 (112-133) 160 (139-189) 692 

07-08 51.9 (45.6-59.1) 56.9 (47.5-65.8) 90.3 (83.0-102) 137 (118-158) 168 (147-180) 589 

09-10 45.8 (41.4-50.8) 52.1 (47.9-55.6) 85.6 (77.7-94.0) 132 (107-166) 184 (152-216) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 44.5 (37.0-53.4) 48.5 (41.1-59.8) 85.0 (76.7-96.5) 135 (119-154) 187 (146-223) 760 

01-02 42.2 (38.5-46.2) 48.9 (44.2-53.2) 80.7 (71.9-85.8) 117 (108-129) 152 (134-180) 1132 

03-04 37.1 (34.7-39.6) 41.3 (38.1-44.5) 75.2 (69.2-79.6) 107 (99.3-115) 130 (119-142) 1074 

05-06 42.8 (39.7-46.1) 48.6 (42.3-53.4) 79.0 (73.5-84.0) 123 (108-132) 156 (136-178) 1041 

07-08 41.7 (39.2-44.5) 46.5 (42.9-49.8) 81.2 (76.6-86.6) 131 (119-142) 153 (149-164) 1095 

09-10 40.6 (38.1-43.1) 42.6 (39.6-45.3) 75.9 (70.6-81.0) 114 (104-123) 148 (134-166) 1225 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.8, 0.8, 1.5, 0.92, 0.92, and 0.92 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Molybdenum_BiomonitoringSummary.html

152 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Molybdenum (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 43.2 (40.0-46.6) 41.6 (38.5-45.2) 63.5 (59.3-68.8) 108 (97.3-115) 144 (125-171) 2257 

01-02 42.5 (39.9-45.2) 42.2 (40.1-45.2) 62.0 (58.4-66.4) 98.8 (90.1-109) 130 (120-149) 2689 

03-04 39.4 (37.6-41.3) 39.2 (37.9-40.7) 58.3 (55.6-61.5) 89.0 (80.5-99.0) 120 (107-135) 2558 

05-06 44.3 (42.4-46.3) 43.9 (41.8-45.7) 65.9 (61.8-68.6) 97.3 (92.5-103) 132 (125-143) 2576 

07-08 47.1 (45.8-48.4) 46.3 (44.8-47.7) 72.4 (68.7-74.3) 104 (96.7-111) 137 (127-152) 2627 

09-10 45.5 (43.2-47.8) 44.4 (41.9-47.4) 67.2 (64.7-69.4) 105 (95.4-121) 143 (129-157) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 85.9 (73.7-100) 79.3 (71.6-88.4) 122 (107-133) 173 (130-243) 214 (154-1040) 310 

01-02 77.2 (73.1-81.5) 77.6 (71.8-84.5) 109 (99.4-120) 159 (129-170) 185 (165-219) 368 

03-04 72.5 (65.2-80.7) 73.5 (65.1-79.9) 101 (84.9-117) 132 (107-158) 160 (129-257) 290 

05-06 81.0 (71.9-91.3) 78.6 (72.1-89.0) 112 (93.7-134) 161 (133-199) 201 (160-261) 355 

07-08 90.4 (81.8-99.8) 88.2 (79.2-101) 133 (113-147) 206 (159-259) 274 (224-354) 394 

09-10 88.6 (81.9-95.9) 89.0 (79.2-95.4) 131 (123-148) 174 (154-191) 195 (178-216) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 41.9 (39.3-44.6) 40.5 (37.7-44.4) 57.3 (51.5-62.5) 85.4 (67.4-107) 112 (78.4-185) 648 

01-02 43.4 (40.8-46.1) 44.1 (40.8-47.2) 60.8 (57.6-63.7) 85.5 (79.7-93.8) 106 (94.8-118) 762 

03-04 37.5 (35.4-39.8) 38.9 (36.9-41.8) 53.2 (50.3-56.1) 71.9 (64.6-76.9) 81.0 (74.3-102) 725 

05-06 45.5 (42.5-48.7) 45.7 (41.3-49.2) 64.6 (58.5-71.2) 91.4 (75.3-102) 109 (95.0-131) 701 

07-08 50.1 (47.2-53.2) 50.1 (44.2-53.4) 71.6 (64.0-79.6) 95.8 (85.1-107) 129 (99.5-138) 376 

09-10 49.0 (45.3-53.0) 50.7 (44.6-56.2) 67.6 (63.0-73.1) 93.6 (85.8-101) 126 (96.4-134) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 39.6 (36.9-42.6) 38.5 (36.1-41.0) 56.4 (53.5-60.7) 92.5 (83.1-100) 122 (116-147) 1299 

01-02 39.3 (36.8-42.0) 39.6 (36.4-42.1) 57.2 (52.9-61.0) 86.7 (75.2-96.8) 123 (109-139) 1559 

03-04 36.9 (35.0-38.9) 37.0 (35.7-38.4) 53.5 (50.0-56.9) 79.8 (75.9-87.5) 118 (101-134) 1543 

05-06 41.2 (39.3-43.1) 40.5 (38.8-42.7) 59.1 (55.6-62.8) 87.9 (79.7-96.9) 119 (103-132) 1520 

07-08 43.5 (42.1-44.9) 42.9 (41.3-44.7) 64.9 (61.7-69.9) 94.7 (90.8-97.1) 122 (110-132) 1857 

09-10 41.9 (40.0-43.9) 41.2 (39.4-43.0) 61.9 (59.0-64.0) 90.4 (84.3-98.5) 127 (115-141) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 40.8 (37.5-44.3) 38.5 (37.2-40.4) 62.4 (55.9-68.4) 101 (83.9-118) 131 (112-179) 1121 

01-02 40.3 (37.1-43.8) 40.2 (36.3-43.3) 60.5 (54.8-66.3) 91.3 (83.4-106) 123 (107-155) 1334 

03-04 38.3 (36.1-40.7) 37.8 (36.1-39.3) 56.3 (53.3-59.3) 85.7 (77.2-96.7) 118 (100-139) 1281 

05-06 41.8 (39.5-44.2) 41.7 (39.2-44.1) 62.1 (58.1-67.4) 94.6 (84.2-101) 126 (112-132) 1271 

07-08 45.3 (43.8-46.8) 44.6 (42.9-46.7) 72.3 (65.4-74.8) 105 (96.0-118) 135 (126-152) 1327 

09-10 42.1 (39.6-44.9) 41.3 (38.7-44.2) 63.4 (59.4-67.4) 101 (88.3-121) 139 (123-151) 1398 

Females 99-00 45.5 (41.5-50.0) 44.1 (39.5-48.8) 64.4 (59.5-70.5) 112 (95.2-121) 152 (122-181) 1136 

01-02 44.6 (42.2-47.1) 45.1 (42.2-46.9) 63.6 (59.5-69.4) 107 (92.5-119) 136 (117-169) 1355 

03-04 40.5 (38.1-43.0) 41.1 (38.7-43.7) 61.4 (56.8-65.1) 90.1 (82.2-103) 122 (115-142) 1277 

05-06 46.9 (44.7-49.2) 46.5 (43.9-48.8) 67.2 (63.3-71.7) 103 (93.6-110) 157 (126-173) 1305 

07-08 48.9 (47.2-50.7) 48.3 (45.7-51.0) 72.6 (69.2-74.4) 103 (93.6-116) 139 (113-177) 1300 

09-10 48.9 (46.4-51.5) 48.8 (45.8-51.5) 70.1 (67.2-73.9) 109 (97.1-125) 148 (137-162) 1450 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Molybdenum_BiomonitoringSummary.html

153 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Molybdenum (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 42.9 (40.6-45.4) 43.2 (40.9-45.6) 61.6 (57.2-65.5) 89.5 (80.0-103) 115 (93.7-137) 780 

01-02 48.1 (44.3-52.2) 48.4 (44.8-52.3) 71.7 (66.4-76.0) 103 (90.0-120) 129 (109-155) 682 

03-04 43.5 (40.5-46.8) 43.5 (41.0-46.2) 62.8 (56.8-67.2) 85.9 (79.5-97.0) 112 (97.0-133) 618 

05-06 51.8 (49.9-53.8) 52.1 (49.7-54.7) 73.5 (69.5-77.4) 106 (99.5-111) 133 (112-151) 652 

07-08 53.3 (50.2-56.5) 51.9 (47.1-55.3) 77.9 (70.6-82.1) 113 (103-129) 151 (132-185) 515 

09-10 51.8 (48.9-54.9) 51.4 (48.3-54.8) 74.0 (68.7-78.8) 109 (92.7-125) 148 (125-173) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 37.2 (33.4-41.6) 37.1 (33.0-41.2) 55.9 (49.6-63.3) 88.2 (69.1-112) 119 (88.3-141) 546 

01-02 36.5 (34.1-39.0) 37.5 (35.1-38.9) 57.1 (49.7-62.4) 78.3 (71.5-92.0) 109 (81.1-127) 667 

03-04 33.1 (30.5-35.9) 31.7 (30.1-34.7) 47.2 (43.7-52.1) 72.9 (64.6-78.4) 90.5 (78.4-118) 723 

05-06 34.9 (33.1-36.8) 35.4 (32.7-38.1) 53.5 (49.7-55.8) 81.1 (75.4-89.4) 102 (89.4-119) 692 

07-08 38.0 (34.8-41.4) 38.7 (34.2-43.0) 57.0 (52.7-60.2) 82.0 (73.2-92.4) 105 (92.0-118) 589 

09-10 36.3 (32.9-40.1) 37.2 (35.1-39.5) 54.7 (50.3-60.4) 85.2 (68.6-110) 121 (97.1-155) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 44.5 (40.2-49.2) 42.1 (38.8-47.3) 65.3 (58.9-71.3) 116 (101-126) 172 (131-195) 760 

01-02 42.5 (39.3-46.0) 41.9 (39.3-45.6) 61.2 (57.1-67.2) 104 (88.7-120) 138 (120-163) 1132 

03-04 39.1 (37.2-41.1) 39.3 (37.7-40.8) 58.1 (54.6-61.4) 87.4 (78.9-96.7) 118 (106-134) 1074 

05-06 44.5 (42.4-46.6) 43.9 (41.7-45.7) 65.0 (59.9-68.5) 97.3 (90.7-105) 132 (119-152) 1041 

07-08 46.7 (45.0-48.6) 46.1 (43.6-48.4) 72.4 (65.8-75.1) 103 (95.7-113) 135 (120-152) 1095 

09-10 45.3 (42.4-48.5) 44.2 (41.5-48.4) 66.6 (63.1-69.3) 101 (88.4-124) 141 (121-159) 1225 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Molybdenum_BiomonitoringSummary.html

154 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Platinum 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2465 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2690 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2558 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.012) .014 (.009-.025) 2576 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2627 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.015) .016 (.009-.049) 2847 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 340 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 368 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 290 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .010 (<LOD-.011) .014 (.010-.020) 355 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.011) 394 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .010 (<LOD-.014) .015 (.009-.036) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 719 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 762 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 725 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .012 (.009-.019) 701 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.017) 376 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .010 (<LOD-.019) .018 (<LOD-.078) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1406 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1560 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1543 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.014) .014 (.009-.032) 1520 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1857 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.016) .017 (.009-.049) 2018 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1227 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1335 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1281 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.012) .012 (.009-.020) 1271 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1327 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.015) .016 (<LOD-.047) 1397 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1238 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1355 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1277 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .010 (<LOD-.014) .015 (.010-.033) 1305 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.009) 1300 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .010 (<LOD-.015) .017 (.009-.051) 1450 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.04, 0.04, 0.07, 0.009, 0.009, and 0.009 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Platinum_BiomonitoringSummary.html

155 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Platinum 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 884 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 683 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .010 (<LOD-.014) .014 (.009-.023) 652 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.010) 515 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .010 (.009-.012) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 568 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 667 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 723 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .011 (.009-.016) 692 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.013) 589 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .012 (<LOD-.032) .024 (.009-.103) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 822 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1132 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1074 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.012) .013 (.009-.026) 1041 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.009) 1095 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .009 (<LOD-.019) .018 (<LOD-.073) 1224 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.04, 0.04, 0.07, 0.009, 0.009, and 0.009 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Platinum_BiomonitoringSummary.html

156 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Platinum (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2465 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2689 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2558 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .021 (<LOD-.023) .029 (.026-.035) 2576 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2627 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .023 (<LOD-.027) .033 (.026-.046) 2847 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 340 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 368 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 290 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .020 (<LOD-.027) .030 (.021-.050) 355 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .026 (<LOD-.032) 394 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .026 (<LOD-.030) .043 (.027-.050) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 719 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 762 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 725 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .017 (.012-.026) 701 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .017 (<LOD-.025) 376 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .021 (<LOD-.029) .032 (<LOD-.050) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1406 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1559 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1543 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .022 (<LOD-.025) .030 (.026-.035) 1520 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1857 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .023 (<LOD-.030) .035 (.024-.050) 2018 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1227 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1334 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1281 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .014 (<LOD-.016) .021 (.016-.025) 1271 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1327 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .019 (<LOD-.025) .027 (<LOD-.036) 1397 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1238 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1355 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1277 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .026 (<LOD-.030) .033 (.029-.050) 1305 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .033 (<LOD-.043) 1300 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .027 (<LOD-.032) .038 (.030-.054) 1450 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Platinum_BiomonitoringSummary.html

157 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Platinum (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 884 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 682 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 618 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .016 (<LOD-.019) .023 (.017-.032) 652 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .025 (<LOD-.033) 515 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .025 (.021-.029) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 568 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 667 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 723 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .018 (.014-.022) 692 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .017 (<LOD-.021) 589 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .017 (<LOD-.024) .027 (.019-.050) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 822 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1132 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1074 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .023 (<LOD-.025) .030 (.027-.035) 1041 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .030 (<LOD-.038) 1095 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .025 (<LOD-.032) .036 (<LOD-.058) 1224 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Platinum_BiomonitoringSummary.html

158 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Thallium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .176 (.162-.192) .200 (.180-.220) .290 (.270-.330) .400 (.370-.420) .450 (.430-.480) 2413 

01-02 .165 (.154-.177) .190 (.180-.200) .280 (.260-.290) .370 (.350-.390) .440 (.410-.470) 2653 

03-04 .155 (.145-.165) .170 (.160-.180) .270 (.250-.290) .370 (.340-.400) .440 (.410-.490) 2558 

05-06 .158 (.151-.165) .180 (.170-.190) .270 (.260-.280) .360 (.350-.390) .430 (.410-.460) 2576 

07-08 .146 (.139-.153) .160 (.150-.170) .250 (.230-.260) .330 (.320-.360) .400 (.390-.420) 2627 

09-10 .144 (.137-.152) .160 (.150-.170) .240 (.230-.250) .340 (.310-.360) .410 (.380-.440) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 .201 (.167-.243) .210 (.150-.280) .310 (.250-.350) .410 (.330-.450) .450 (.350-.590) 336 

01-02 .172 (.147-.202) .200 (.160-.220) .290 (.230-.330) .350 (.340-.370) .390 (.360-.430) 362 

03-04 .191 (.170-.215) .190 (.170-.230) .300 (.250-.370) .430 (.360-.500) .510 (.430-.690) 290 

05-06 .174 (.158-.192) .190 (.170-.210) .280 (.250-.300) .380 (.320-.430) .430 (.400-.480) 355 

07-08 .166 (.150-.185) .170 (.150-.200) .250 (.230-.270) .350 (.310-.410) .420 (.360-.470) 394 

09-10 .161 (.147-.176) .170 (.150-.200) .280 (.230-.310) .360 (.330-.410) .440 (.400-.460) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .202 (.181-.225) .220 (.200-.240) .300 (.270-.340) .410 (.390-.430) .470 (.430-.510) 697 

01-02 .200 (.182-.220) .220 (.190-.250) .310 (.290-.320) .370 (.350-.420) .470 (.400-.500) 746 

03-04 .201 (.185-.218) .220 (.210-.240) .310 (.290-.320) .410 (.360-.470) .500 (.420-.560) 725 

05-06 .182 (.165-.200) .210 (.190-.230) .290 (.270-.310) .370 (.350-.400) .430 (.390-.480) 701 

07-08 .172 (.155-.190) .180 (.160-.210) .270 (.230-.300) .330 (.310-.350) .390 (.340-.420) 376 

09-10 .150 (.137-.163) .160 (.150-.180) .250 (.240-.270) .340 (.290-.380) .400 (.350-.430) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .170 (.157-.183) .190 (.180-.210) .290 (.260-.320) .400 (.370-.420) .450 (.420-.480) 1380 

01-02 .159 (.147-.173) .190 (.170-.200) .270 (.250-.290) .380 (.350-.400) .440 (.410-.490) 1545 

03-04 .145 (.134-.156) .160 (.150-.170) .250 (.240-.270) .360 (.330-.390) .420 (.390-.460) 1543 

05-06 .152 (.144-.161) .170 (.160-.180) .260 (.240-.270) .360 (.340-.390) .440 (.400-.470) 1520 

07-08 .140 (.133-.148) .150 (.140-.160) .240 (.230-.250) .330 (.310-.360) .400 (.380-.440) 1857 

09-10 .142 (.133-.150) .160 (.150-.170) .240 (.220-.250) .330 (.310-.360) .410 (.370-.440) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .197 (.179-.217) .220 (.200-.240) .320 (.280-.350) .400 (.370-.440) .450 (.420-.520) 1200 

01-02 .184 (.173-.196) .210 (.200-.230) .290 (.280-.300) .380 (.360-.400) .430 (.400-.470) 1313 

03-04 .167 (.156-.178) .190 (.180-.200) .280 (.260-.300) .370 (.340-.400) .430 (.400-.480) 1281 

05-06 .171 (.163-.179) .190 (.180-.200) .270 (.260-.280) .370 (.360-.390) .430 (.410-.470) 1271 

07-08 .154 (.148-.161) .170 (.160-.180) .250 (.240-.270) .340 (.320-.360) .390 (.380-.440) 1327 

09-10 .152 (.140-.164) .170 (.150-.180) .250 (.240-.270) .330 (.310-.360) .410 (.360-.440) 1398 

Females 99-00 .159 (.145-.175) .180 (.150-.200) .270 (.250-.300) .390 (.350-.420) .460 (.410-.490) 1213 

01-02 .149 (.137-.163) .160 (.150-.180) .260 (.230-.290) .370 (.330-.400) .440 (.400-.500) 1340 

03-04 .144 (.133-.156) .160 (.140-.170) .250 (.230-.280) .370 (.330-.410) .450 (.410-.510) 1277 

05-06 .146 (.138-.155) .160 (.150-.180) .260 (.240-.270) .360 (.350-.380) .440 (.400-.460) 1305 

07-08 .139 (.129-.148) .150 (.130-.160) .240 (.220-.260) .330 (.300-.390) .410 (.380-.430) 1300 

09-10 .137 (.129-.146) .150 (.140-.160) .230 (.210-.250) .340 (.310-.360) .410 (.380-.450) 1450 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.02, 0.02, 0.02, 0.015, 0.015, and 0.015 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Thallium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Thallium_FactSheet.html

159 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Thallium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .172 (.150-.196) .200 (.160-.230) .270 (.250-.300) .370 (.320-.420) .450 (.370-.520) 861 

01-02 .160 (.148-.173) .180 (.160-.200) .260 (.240-.270) .340 (.310-.360) .400 (.350-.440) 675 

03-04 .171 (.160-.183) .200 (.170-.220) .280 (.260-.310) .360 (.340-.420) .450 (.390-.480) 618 

05-06 .158 (.149-.167) .180 (.170-.190) .250 (.240-.270) .330 (.300-.360) .400 (.360-.440) 652 

07-08 .151 (.140-.164) .170 (.150-.180) .250 (.220-.270) .330 (.310-.360) .380 (.350-.390) 515 

09-10 .147 (.139-.155) .160 (.150-.180) .240 (.210-.260) .310 (.290-.320) .390 (.320-.430) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .217 (.197-.239) .230 (.220-.260) .350 (.300-.390) .450 (.400-.520) .550 (.460-.630) 561 

01-02 .202 (.187-.218) .220 (.200-.230) .300 (.270-.340) .410 (.380-.440) .520 (.440-.590) 657 

03-04 .185 (.167-.206) .190 (.170-.220) .290 (.250-.330) .410 (.330-.490) .490 (.410-.640) 723 

05-06 .188 (.169-.210) .210 (.180-.230) .300 (.270-.320) .390 (.360-.440) .500 (.430-.530) 692 

07-08 .171 (.160-.182) .180 (.170-.190) .270 (.250-.290) .350 (.330-.390) .430 (.390-.460) 589 

09-10 .162 (.148-.177) .180 (.160-.200) .270 (.250-.280) .350 (.330-.400) .450 (.390-.510) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .170 (.153-.188) .200 (.170-.220) .290 (.260-.330) .400 (.360-.420) .450 (.420-.480) 801 

01-02 .159 (.147-.172) .180 (.170-.200) .270 (.250-.290) .360 (.330-.390) .430 (.390-.460) 1114 

03-04 .146 (.135-.158) .160 (.150-.170) .260 (.240-.280) .360 (.330-.380) .410 (.380-.460) 1074 

05-06 .150 (.140-.160) .170 (.160-.180) .260 (.240-.270) .350 (.320-.380) .420 (.390-.450) 1041 

07-08 .138 (.130-.147) .150 (.130-.160) .240 (.220-.260) .320 (.300-.360) .390 (.350-.440) 1095 

09-10 .139 (.130-.149) .150 (.140-.170) .240 (.210-.250) .330 (.300-.360) .400 (.360-.430) 1225 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.02, 0.02, 0.02, 0.015, 0.015, and 0.015 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Thallium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Thallium_FactSheet.html

160 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Thallium (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .166 (.159-.173) .168 (.162-.176) .224 (.217-.233) .297 (.273-.319) .366 (.338-.387) 2413 

01-02 .156 (.151-.162) .156 (.148-.164) .215 (.208-.222) .287 (.278-.300) .349 (.337-.365) 2652 

03-04 .154 (.149-.158) .153 (.146-.160) .214 (.203-.222) .286 (.274-.304) .350 (.328-.369) 2558 

05-06 .155 (.149-.162) .150 (.140-.160) .210 (.200-.220) .300 (.290-.320) .370 (.350-.390) 2576 

07-08 .152 (.147-.158) .150 (.140-.160) .210 (.200-.220) .290 (.280-.310) .370 (.350-.380) 2627 

09-10 .153 (.145-.162) .150 (.140-.160) .220 (.200-.230) .300 (.280-.320) .370 (.350-.400) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 .221 (.197-.248) .222 (.196-.236) .297 (.229-.356) .375 (.318-.469) .424 (.356-.600) 336 

01-02 .211 (.198-.226) .207 (.198-.221) .286 (.260-.321) .370 (.333-.402) .412 (.389-.456) 362 

03-04 .223 (.208-.238) .216 (.198-.229) .306 (.280-.346) .412 (.346-.458) .458 (.400-.532) 290 

05-06 .215 (.200-.231) .210 (.190-.250) .310 (.270-.320) .360 (.320-.410) .430 (.360-.510) 355 

07-08 .217 (.201-.234) .220 (.210-.240) .310 (.270-.340) .410 (.370-.440) .470 (.410-.540) 394 

09-10 .219 (.199-.241) .220 (.200-.260) .300 (.280-.340) .400 (.350-.440) .500 (.390-.600) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .153 (.146-.160) .154 (.146-.162) .205 (.191-.219) .258 (.231-.278) .321 (.265-.364) 697 

01-02 .143 (.137-.150) .145 (.135-.152) .196 (.184-.207) .272 (.250-.289) .312 (.299-.333) 746 

03-04 .143 (.135-.152) .146 (.131-.155) .194 (.179-.208) .254 (.234-.280) .304 (.271-.327) 725 

05-06 .140 (.133-.147) .140 (.130-.150) .190 (.170-.200) .240 (.220-.270) .290 (.250-.310) 701 

07-08 .134 (.124-.145) .140 (.120-.150) .190 (.180-.220) .260 (.220-.300) .300 (.250-.370) 376 

09-10 .140 (.127-.155) .140 (.120-.160) .190 (.170-.220) .260 (.220-.310) .310 (.260-.370) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .162 (.153-.171) .167 (.155-.176) .218 (.207-.230) .286 (.271-.300) .364 (.325-.389) 1380 

01-02 .153 (.147-.159) .153 (.144-.161) .210 (.200-.217) .278 (.263-.293) .343 (.313-.362) 1544 

03-04 .148 (.144-.153) .149 (.141-.156) .206 (.192-.215) .273 (.258-.289) .333 (.306-.353) 1543 

05-06 .152 (.145-.159) .150 (.140-.160) .210 (.200-.210) .290 (.270-.310) .370 (.350-.400) 1520 

07-08 .149 (.143-.156) .150 (.140-.160) .210 (.200-.220) .280 (.270-.300) .350 (.330-.380) 1857 

09-10 .150 (.142-.157) .150 (.140-.160) .210 (.200-.220) .290 (.270-.320) .370 (.330-.400) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .154 (.147-.161) .156 (.149-.164) .202 (.192-.214) .269 (.254-.297) .338 (.300-.364) 1200 

01-02 .146 (.140-.153) .148 (.142-.157) .192 (.184-.204) .260 (.246-.278) .307 (.291-.342) 1312 

03-04 .140 (.135-.146) .142 (.134-.149) .188 (.180-.198) .264 (.235-.286) .317 (.287-.350) 1281 

05-06 .140 (.134-.147) .140 (.130-.140) .190 (.180-.200) .270 (.240-.300) .320 (.300-.340) 1271 

07-08 .138 (.131-.145) .130 (.130-.140) .190 (.180-.210) .270 (.250-.290) .330 (.300-.360) 1327 

09-10 .138 (.129-.148) .130 (.130-.150) .190 (.170-.210) .270 (.240-.300) .330 (.290-.360) 1398 

Females 99-00 .178 (.167-.189) .182 (.169-.197) .244 (.226-.259) .317 (.281-.366) .380 (.333-.462) 1213 

01-02 .167 (.158-.176) .167 (.153-.180) .233 (.217-.250) .313 (.282-.348) .378 (.348-.402) 1340 

03-04 .167 (.162-.173) .166 (.157-.177) .235 (.222-.243) .313 (.286-.333) .368 (.340-.412) 1277 

05-06 .171 (.162-.181) .170 (.160-.180) .230 (.220-.250) .330 (.300-.360) .430 (.370-.490) 1305 

07-08 .167 (.163-.173) .170 (.160-.180) .230 (.230-.240) .320 (.300-.340) .390 (.360-.430) 1300 

09-10 .170 (.161-.178) .170 (.160-.180) .230 (.220-.250) .340 (.310-.370) .420 (.370-.470) 1450 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Thallium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Thallium_FactSheet.html

161 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Thallium (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .158 (.147-.170) .160 (.148-.176) .213 (.200-.237) .282 (.266-.304) .343 (.306-.389) 861 

01-02 .156 (.145-.169) .155 (.145-.167) .204 (.191-.221) .286 (.250-.317) .361 (.301-.424) 674 

03-04 .159 (.148-.170) .157 (.143-.172) .211 (.187-.241) .293 (.273-.324) .369 (.326-.422) 618 

05-06 .149 (.139-.158) .150 (.140-.160) .200 (.180-.210) .270 (.240-.290) .320 (.280-.370) 652 

07-08 .151 (.143-.160) .160 (.130-.170) .200 (.190-.220) .270 (.250-.280) .320 (.290-.370) 515 

09-10 .154 (.141-.167) .150 (.140-.170) .210 (.180-.230) .280 (.250-.330) .360 (.310-.430) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .142 (.133-.152) .140 (.129-.151) .200 (.184-.214) .278 (.244-.307) .383 (.286-.462) 561 

01-02 .138 (.128-.150) .136 (.125-.146) .194 (.170-.212) .256 (.238-.278) .328 (.271-.387) 657 

03-04 .133 (.122-.145) .128 (.119-.143) .185 (.171-.200) .255 (.237-.269) .323 (.267-.377) 723 

05-06 .137 (.128-.145) .130 (.130-.140) .190 (.180-.200) .240 (.220-.290) .320 (.270-.370) 692 

07-08 .125 (.118-.132) .130 (.120-.130) .170 (.160-.180) .230 (.210-.260) .280 (.250-.330) 589 

09-10 .128 (.120-.137) .120 (.110-.130) .180 (.160-.210) .250 (.230-.280) .310 (.270-.350) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .169 (.160-.179) .173 (.167-.181) .227 (.215-.240) .300 (.272-.329) .364 (.333-.377) 801 

01-02 .161 (.155-.167) .161 (.153-.171) .222 (.214-.231) .292 (.278-.304) .348 (.330-.383) 1114 

03-04 .154 (.148-.160) .153 (.143-.162) .214 (.200-.223) .283 (.271-.304) .333 (.313-.363) 1074 

05-06 .156 (.148-.164) .150 (.140-.160) .210 (.200-.230) .300 (.280-.320) .360 (.330-.400) 1041 

07-08 .154 (.146-.164) .160 (.140-.170) .220 (.210-.230) .300 (.280-.320) .370 (.340-.390) 1095 

09-10 .155 (.145-.166) .150 (.140-.170) .220 (.200-.240) .310 (.280-.330) .380 (.340-.410) 1225 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Thallium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Thallium_FactSheet.html

162 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Tungsten 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .093 (.087-.100) .090 (.080-.090) .180 (.160-.190) .320 (.280-.370) .500 (.430-.550) 2338 

01-02 .082 (.073-.092) .070 (.060-.090) .160 (.140-.180) .300 (.260-.350) .460 (.370-.560) 2652 

03-04 .071 (.064-.078) .070 (.060-.080) .130 (.120-.140) .270 (.230-.300) .400 (.330-.480) 2558 

05-06 .085 (.079-.092) .090 (.080-.090) .170 (.150-.180) .310 (.280-.340) .470 (.400-.520) 2576 

07-08 .099 (.093-.105) .100 (.090-.110) .190 (.180-.200) .360 (.320-.380) .500 (.440-.570) 2627 

09-10 .081 (.075-.087) .080 (.070-.090) .160 (.150-.170) .310 (.270-.330) .460 (.370-.540) 2847 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 .158 (.123-.204) .160 (.120-.220) .270 (.220-.350) .510 (.380-.560) .620 (.510-.950) 320 

01-02 .137 (.110-.170) .140 (.110-.170) .260 (.200-.350) .460 (.360-.690) .770 (.510-1.53) 363 

03-04 .130 (.111-.151) .140 (.120-.150) .240 (.190-.290) .410 (.290-.500) .500 (.370-.630) 290 

05-06 .142 (.121-.166) .140 (.120-.170) .230 (.210-.290) .430 (.330-.610) .640 (.440-.850) 355 

07-08 .160 (.138-.186) .150 (.130-.170) .310 (.240-.390) .510 (.450-.580) .810 (.560-1.15) 394 

09-10 .151 (.126-.180) .150 (.110-.200) .310 (.230-.400) .560 (.400-.770) .770 (.560-1.04) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .113 (.097-.132) .110 (.090-.130) .210 (.180-.250) .360 (.310-.440) .530 (.380-.800) 679 

01-02 .113 (.095-.135) .110 (.090-.130) .210 (.180-.260) .400 (.310-.520) .570 (.430-.790) 744 

03-04 .105 (.090-.122) .100 (.090-.120) .190 (.160-.230) .350 (.290-.460) .530 (.350-1.00) 725 

05-06 .131 (.108-.158) .130 (.100-.160) .250 (.200-.310) .430 (.360-.530) .620 (.410-1.04) 701 

07-08 .150 (.136-.167) .160 (.140-.180) .250 (.220-.290) .470 (.350-.660) .660 (.430-1.05) 376 

09-10 .101 (.089-.115) .100 (.080-.120) .210 (.190-.240) .360 (.300-.460) .540 (.440-.650) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .084 (.078-.091) .080 (.070-.090) .160 (.130-.180) .280 (.260-.320) .450 (.360-.520) 1339 

01-02 .073 (.065-.082) .060 (.050-.070) .140 (.110-.160) .260 (.210-.310) .380 (.310-.490) 1545 

03-04 .062 (.056-.068) .060 (.050-.070) .110 (.100-.120) .210 (.180-.250) .360 (.270-.430) 1543 

05-06 .075 (.070-.081) .080 (.070-.080) .140 (.130-.160) .250 (.220-.310) .410 (.340-.470) 1520 

07-08 .088 (.081-.095) .090 (.080-.100) .170 (.150-.190) .310 (.280-.340) .450 (.390-.500) 1857 

09-10 .073 (.068-.079) .080 (.070-.080) .150 (.130-.160) .260 (.230-.300) .370 (.330-.460) 2018 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .107 (.096-.120) .100 (.090-.120) .210 (.190-.230) .390 (.310-.470) .530 (.470-.650) 1160 

01-02 .088 (.074-.105) .080 (.060-.100) .170 (.140-.220) .330 (.260-.390) .490 (.380-.580) 1307 

03-04 .081 (.071-.093) .080 (.070-.090) .140 (.130-.170) .300 (.250-.340) .430 (.340-.560) 1281 

05-06 .095 (.090-.101) .090 (.080-.100) .180 (.160-.190) .340 (.310-.380) .480 (.420-.610) 1271 

07-08 .109 (.102-.116) .110 (.100-.130) .210 (.190-.240) .380 (.350-.450) .550 (.450-.660) 1327 

09-10 .090 (.082-.098) .090 (.080-.100) .170 (.150-.190) .320 (.290-.350) .500 (.410-.550) 1398 

Females 99-00 .082 (.077-.087) .070 (.060-.080) .150 (.130-.160) .270 (.240-.300) .400 (.320-.470) 1178 

01-02 .076 (.069-.084) .060 (.060-.080) .150 (.120-.170) .280 (.230-.330) .430 (.340-.560) 1345 

03-04 .062 (.056-.069) .060 (.050-.070) .110 (.100-.120) .220 (.190-.250) .370 (.270-.460) 1277 

05-06 .077 (.069-.085) .080 (.070-.090) .160 (.150-.170) .280 (.250-.320) .440 (.350-.510) 1305 

07-08 .090 (.083-.098) .090 (.080-.100) .170 (.160-.180) .300 (.270-.350) .460 (.420-.550) 1300 

09-10 .074 (.067-.081) .070 (.070-.080) .150 (.130-.170) .280 (.240-.330) .400 (.320-.600) 1449 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.04, 0.04, 0.04, 0.021, 0.021, and 0.021 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Tungsten_BiomonitoringSummary.html

163 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Tungsten 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .113 (.095-.133) .110 (.090-.130) .200 (.160-.250) .400 (.300-.520) .550 (.420-.830) 790 

01-02 .101 (.093-.109) .100 (.090-.110) .190 (.170-.210) .370 (.310-.430) .570 (.450-.670) 680 

03-04 .086 (.073-.100) .080 (.070-.100) .170 (.120-.220) .360 (.230-.620) .640 (.410-.800) 618 

05-06 .102 (.088-.118) .100 (.080-.110) .200 (.170-.220) .450 (.310-.650) .730 (.510-1.04) 652 

07-08 .106 (.084-.135) .110 (.080-.150) .210 (.170-.270) .400 (.250-.670) .580 (.400-1.12) 515 

09-10 .099 (.089-.109) .090 (.090-.100) .200 (.170-.220) .380 (.340-.470) .540 (.480-.580) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .113 (.101-.126) .100 (.090-.130) .210 (.180-.250) .370 (.290-.460) .560 (.420-.810) 562 

01-02 .096 (.080-.116) .090 (.070-.120) .160 (.130-.250) .310 (.270-.400) .460 (.400-.590) 649 

03-04 .092 (.082-.104) .090 (.080-.110) .160 (.150-.180) .300 (.250-.330) .470 (.340-.550) 723 

05-06 .101 (.088-.116) .110 (.090-.120) .190 (.160-.220) .320 (.280-.370) .450 (.340-.650) 692 

07-08 .120 (.099-.146) .120 (.090-.160) .240 (.200-.290) .390 (.340-.440) .540 (.460-.690) 589 

09-10 .093 (.086-.100) .100 (.090-.110) .180 (.160-.200) .290 (.270-.340) .400 (.320-.590) 543 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .092 (.084-.100) .080 (.070-.100) .180 (.160-.200) .320 (.270-.380) .470 (.380-.550) 802 

01-02 .076 (.066-.088) .060 (.050-.080) .150 (.120-.180) .290 (.230-.360) .430 (.330-.620) 1117 

03-04 .065 (.058-.073) .060 (.060-.070) .120 (.100-.130) .230 (.190-.290) .380 (.320-.410) 1074 

05-06 .082 (.075-.089) .080 (.080-.090) .160 (.140-.180) .300 (.250-.340) .430 (.380-.480) 1041 

07-08 .093 (.087-.101) .100 (.090-.110) .180 (.160-.190) .330 (.290-.370) .470 (.410-.570) 1095 

09-10 .077 (.070-.083) .080 (.070-.090) .150 (.140-.170) .280 (.250-.310) .400 (.330-.540) 1225 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.04, 0.04, 0.04, 0.021, 0.021, and 0.021 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Tungsten_BiomonitoringSummary.html

164 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Tungsten (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .087 (.080-.095) .080 (.075-.086) .146 (.136-.158) .270 (.206-.333) .383 (.302-.459) 2338 

01-02 .078 (.069-.087) .074 (.064-.084) .138 (.122-.154) .255 (.216-.300) .359 (.315-.436) 2651 

03-04 .070 (.063-.078) .065 (.059-.074) .117 (.107-.133) .215 (.179-.253) .333 (.255-.439) 2558 

05-06 .084 (.080-.089) .080 (.080-.080) .140 (.130-.150) .250 (.210-.290) .350 (.290-.440) 2576 

07-08 .103 (.096-.111) .100 (.090-.110) .170 (.160-.190) .320 (.290-.360) .470 (.410-.540) 2627 

09-10 .086 (.080-.093) .080 (.070-.090) .150 (.130-.160) .270 (.230-.310) .400 (.340-.470) 2847 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 .174 (.150-.201) .169 (.136-.198) .293 (.216-.333) .439 (.331-.667) .667 (.452-.880) 320 

01-02 .168 (.144-.197) .158 (.139-.190) .275 (.231-.326) .412 (.333-.554) .634 (.436-1.28) 363 

03-04 .151 (.131-.174) .144 (.119-.167) .250 (.205-.283) .333 (.278-.484) .484 (.333-.739) 290 

05-06 .175 (.152-.202) .160 (.140-.180) .270 (.220-.320) .560 (.330-.790) .790 (.470-1.18) 355 

07-08 .209 (.185-.235) .200 (.180-.240) .340 (.290-.370) .540 (.450-.660) .780 (.620-.910) 394 

09-10 .205 (.177-.239) .200 (.160-.230) .330 (.290-.440) .620 (.450-.850) .930 (.690-1.08) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .084 (.078-.091) .079 (.074-.084) .138 (.124-.158) .231 (.180-.287) .339 (.237-.465) 679 

01-02 .081 (.071-.092) .081 (.072-.091) .148 (.122-.167) .250 (.208-.301) .359 (.272-.431) 744 

03-04 .075 (.065-.086) .071 (.061-.082) .122 (.098-.148) .197 (.167-.308) .379 (.197-.582) 725 

05-06 .101 (.086-.117) .100 (.080-.110) .170 (.140-.200) .300 (.200-.370) .370 (.300-.770) 701 

07-08 .118 (.104-.132) .120 (.110-.130) .180 (.160-.210) .340 (.230-.550) .530 (.310-.810) 376 

09-10 .094 (.085-.106) .090 (.080-.110) .150 (.120-.180) .270 (.210-.290) .370 (.280-.500) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .080 (.072-.089) .075 (.067-.082) .130 (.116-.146) .218 (.179-.301) .347 (.245-.426) 1339 

01-02 .070 (.063-.079) .067 (.058-.075) .119 (.099-.139) .216 (.176-.267) .333 (.253-.431) 1544 

03-04 .063 (.057-.071) .059 (.053-.065) .105 (.094-.117) .181 (.155-.215) .279 (.217-.370) 1543 

05-06 .075 (.071-.079) .070 (.070-.080) .120 (.110-.130) .210 (.200-.220) .290 (.240-.360) 1520 

07-08 .093 (.087-.101) .090 (.080-.100) .160 (.140-.170) .280 (.250-.310) .420 (.350-.490) 1857 

09-10 .078 (.072-.084) .070 (.070-.080) .130 (.120-.140) .220 (.190-.260) .340 (.270-.400) 2018 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .083 (.074-.094) .073 (.063-.086) .146 (.126-.165) .279 (.198-.386) .439 (.329-.605) 1160 

01-02 .071 (.060-.083) .065 (.056-.077) .125 (.098-.153) .255 (.203-.306) .364 (.300-.431) 1306 

03-04 .068 (.059-.079) .062 (.054-.071) .111 (.098-.133) .216 (.170-.284) .341 (.240-.500) 1281 

05-06 .078 (.073-.083) .070 (.070-.080) .130 (.120-.150) .240 (.200-.300) .360 (.300-.440) 1271 

07-08 .097 (.090-.106) .090 (.090-.110) .170 (.150-.180) .310 (.280-.360) .440 (.410-.480) 1327 

09-10 .082 (.074-.089) .070 (.070-.080) .140 (.120-.150) .250 (.220-.310) .440 (.320-.500) 1398 

Females 99-00 .091 (.085-.098) .084 (.080-.091) .145 (.136-.158) .265 (.200-.301) .339 (.300-.381) 1178 

01-02 .085 (.077-.094) .083 (.075-.091) .143 (.130-.161) .258 (.216-.317) .353 (.317-.538) 1345 

03-04 .072 (.065-.079) .069 (.063-.078) .121 (.108-.138) .211 (.176-.237) .333 (.261-.439) 1277 

05-06 .090 (.085-.096) .080 (.080-.090) .150 (.140-.160) .250 (.210-.290) .350 (.260-.530) 1305 

07-08 .109 (.100-.118) .100 (.090-.120) .180 (.160-.210) .330 (.290-.360) .520 (.400-.590) 1300 

09-10 .091 (.083-.100) .090 (.080-.090) .150 (.130-.170) .270 (.210-.340) .380 (.330-.450) 1449 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Tungsten_BiomonitoringSummary.html

165 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Tungsten (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .106 (.093-.120) .100 (.086-.116) .184 (.152-.214) .329 (.267-.392) .497 (.354-.727) 790 

01-02 .098 (.090-.108) .089 (.081-.100) .164 (.143-.187) .294 (.258-.375) .555 (.410-.797) 679 

03-04 .079 (.065-.096) .073 (.054-.093) .136 (.103-.197) .300 (.233-.426) .482 (.344-.823) 618 

05-06 .096 (.083-.111) .090 (.080-.090) .160 (.150-.180) .330 (.250-.420) .670 (.360-.890) 652 

07-08 .106 (.083-.137) .110 (.080-.140) .200 (.160-.270) .400 (.260-.710) .610 (.310-1.12) 515 

09-10 .103 (.096-.111) .100 (.090-.110) .180 (.160-.200) .330 (.290-.390) .480 (.390-.540) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .073 (.064-.083) .071 (.061-.081) .124 (.109-.154) .201 (.188-.222) .360 (.217-.465) 562 

01-02 .066 (.056-.077) .060 (.049-.079) .109 (.090-.125) .199 (.153-.285) .340 (.250-.414) 649 

03-04 .066 (.059-.074) .067 (.055-.075) .105 (.095-.120) .186 (.150-.224) .317 (.214-.358) 723 

05-06 .073 (.065-.082) .070 (.060-.080) .120 (.110-.140) .210 (.190-.260) .320 (.260-.390) 692 

07-08 .088 (.076-.102) .090 (.070-.100) .150 (.140-.160) .240 (.220-.300) .380 (.270-.630) 589 

09-10 .074 (.067-.080) .070 (.060-.080) .120 (.110-.140) .210 (.180-.250) .310 (.220-.410) 543 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .091 (.083-.100) .082 (.077-.088) .150 (.136-.169) .279 (.200-.354) .385 (.302-.462) 802 

01-02 .078 (.068-.088) .073 (.061-.085) .139 (.121-.157) .253 (.209-.308) .353 (.286-.453) 1117 

03-04 .069 (.060-.078) .063 (.057-.071) .116 (.104-.133) .199 (.167-.237) .299 (.222-.439) 1074 

05-06 .085 (.080-.090) .080 (.080-.090) .140 (.130-.160) .240 (.210-.280) .340 (.280-.420) 1041 

07-08 .104 (.096-.114) .100 (.090-.110) .180 (.160-.200) .310 (.280-.360) .460 (.390-.530) 1095 

09-10 .086 (.078-.094) .080 (.070-.090) .140 (.130-.160) .250 (.200-.310) .370 (.330-.400) 1225 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Tungsten_BiomonitoringSummary.html

166 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Uranium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .008 (.007-.009) .007 (.006-.008) .013 (.010-.017) .027 (.021-.038) .046 (.037-.056) 2464 

01-02 .009 (.007-.010) .008 (.007-.009) .014 (.012-.018) .030 (.023-.039) .046 (.034-.062) 2690 

03-04 .008 (.007-.008) .007 (.006-.007) .011 (.010-.013) .021 (.017-.026) .031 (.026-.037) 2557 

05-06 .006 (.005-.006) .005 (.005-.006) .010 (.009-.012) .019 (.016-.022) .033 (.023-.041) 2576 

07-08 .007 (.006-.008) .007 (.005-.008) .013 (.011-.015) .024 (.018-.033) .039 (.026-.057) 2627 

09-10 .007 (.006-.008) .007 (.006-.008) .013 (.011-.015) .022 (.019-.030) .036 (.029-.044) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 .009 (.007-.011) .007 (.006-.009) .013 (.009-.022) .032 (.019-.048) .048 (.033-.066) 340 

01-02 .008 (.007-.010) .008 (.006-.010) .014 (.010-.020) .026 (.020-.036) .040 (.025-.049) 368 

03-04 .008 (.007-.009) .007 (.006-.009) .012 (.009-.016) .020 (.016-.026) .028 (.020-.039) 289 

05-06 .006 (.005-.007) .005 (.004-.007) .010 (.008-.011) .015 (.012-.031) .031 (.013-.051) 355 

07-08 .007 (.006-.008) .006 (.005-.008) .012 (.009-.016) .021 (.016-.027) .030 (.022-.039) 394 

09-10 .006 (.005-.008) .006 (.005-.008) .012 (.009-.014) .018 (.013-.034) .033 (.016-.052) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .009 (.008-.011) .009 (.008-.010) .015 (.012-.018) .026 (.020-.043) .044 (.028-.072) 719 

01-02 .010 (.008-.012) .010 (.008-.012) .017 (.013-.023) .030 (.022-.042) .042 (.027-.088) 762 

03-04 .010 (.009-.011) .009 (.008-.010) .015 (.012-.018) .028 (.023-.036) .038 (.036-.053) 725 

05-06 .007 (.006-.008) .007 (.006-.008) .013 (.011-.015) .023 (.018-.032) .034 (.027-.045) 701 

07-08 .009 (.007-.011) .008 (.007-.011) .016 (.014-.020) .029 (.022-.056) .056 (.027-.156) 376 

09-10 .008 (.007-.010) .008 (.006-.010) .014 (.011-.018) .023 (.020-.038) .040 (.024-.059) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .008 (.006-.009) .007 (.005-.008) .013 (.010-.017) .027 (.021-.040) .046 (.036-.056) 1405 

01-02 .009 (.007-.010) .008 (.007-.009) .014 (.012-.017) .031 (.022-.040) .046 (.034-.065) 1560 

03-04 * .006 (.005-.007) .011 (.009-.012) .019 (.016-.026) .029 (.024-.038) 1543 

05-06 .006 (.005-.006) .005 (.005-.006) .010 (.008-.012) .019 (.015-.022) .032 (.022-.041) 1520 

07-08 .007 (.005-.008) .006 (.005-.008) .013 (.010-.015) .024 (.017-.035) .039 (.026-.052) 1857 

09-10 .007 (.006-.008) .007 (.006-.008) .013 (.011-.015) .023 (.019-.030) .036 (.029-.044) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .009 (.008-.011) .008 (.007-.010) .015 (.012-.021) .036 (.024-.046) .053 (.040-.067) 1227 

01-02 .009 (.008-.011) .009 (.007-.010) .015 (.013-.021) .033 (.024-.045) .047 (.035-.065) 1335 

03-04 .008 (.007-.009) .007 (.006-.008) .013 (.011-.016) .023 (.019-.027) .031 (.027-.035) 1280 

05-06 .006 (.006-.007) .006 (.005-.006) .011 (.009-.012) .019 (.015-.022) .030 (.021-.043) 1271 

07-08 .007 (.006-.009) .007 (.006-.009) .014 (.013-.016) .026 (.021-.037) .046 (.030-.056) 1327 

09-10 .007 (.006-.009) .007 (.006-.009) .014 (.012-.017) .024 (.020-.034) .040 (.032-.046) 1398 

Females 99-00 .007 (.006-.008) .006 (.005-.007) .012 (.009-.015) .023 (.016-.033) .036 (.026-.050) 1237 

01-02 .008 (.007-.010) .008 (.006-.009) .014 (.011-.017) .027 (.019-.037) .041 (.029-.063) 1355 

03-04 * .006 (.005-.007) .010 (.009-.011) .018 (.013-.027) .031 (.022-.039) 1277 

05-06 .005 (.005-.006) .005 (.004-.006) .010 (.008-.011) .019 (.016-.023) .034 (.025-.040) 1305 

07-08 .006 (.005-.008) .006 (.005-.007) .011 (.009-.015) .024 (.016-.033) .035 (.022-.067) 1300 

09-10 .007 (.006-.008) .007 (.006-.008) .012 (.011-.014) .022 (.017-.029) .033 (.023-.045) 1450 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.004, 0.004, 0.005, 0.002, 0.002, and 0.002 respectively. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Uranium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

167 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Uranium 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .017 (.012-.023) .016 (.011-.021) .033 (.020-.054) .060 (.040-.127) .114 (.054-.279) 883 

01-02 .013 (.010-.016) .012 (.009-.016) .022 (.017-.030) .040 (.031-.054) .055 (.046-.069) 683 

03-04 .014 (.011-.017) .013 (.009-.018) .024 (.017-.034) .041 (.028-.073) .064 (.039-.158) 618 

05-06 .008 (.007-.009) .009 (.007-.010) .014 (.013-.017) .025 (.021-.033) .042 (.028-.051) 652 

07-08 .009 (.008-.011) .009 (.008-.010) .017 (.014-.022) .032 (.026-.039) .047 (.032-.073) 515 

09-10 .009 (.008-.011) .009 (.008-.011) .018 (.015-.021) .034 (.027-.040) .046 (.039-.055) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .009 (.007-.011) .008 (.006-.010) .014 (.010-.020) .028 (.018-.049) .052 (.030-.067) 568 

01-02 .008 (.007-.009) .008 (.007-.009) .012 (.011-.015) .021 (.017-.027) .030 (.023-.037) 667 

03-04 .008 (.008-.009) .007 (.007-.008) .012 (.011-.013) .021 (.017-.027) .031 (.023-.045) 722 

05-06 .006 (.005-.007) .006 (.005-.007) .010 (.009-.011) .016 (.014-.020) .023 (.018-.031) 692 

07-08 .007 (.006-.009) .007 (.006-.008) .013 (.010-.016) .024 (.016-.038) .038 (.025-.055) 589 

09-10 .008 (.007-.010) .008 (.007-.010) .014 (.012-.016) .027 (.017-.044) .044 (.027-.074) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .007 (.006-.009) .007 (.006-.007) .012 (.009-.016) .023 (.017-.037) .043 (.027-.051) 822 

01-02 .008 (.007-.009) .007 (.006-.009) .013 (.011-.016) .026 (.019-.035) .037 (.029-.050) 1132 

03-04 * .006 (.005-.007) .010 (.009-.012) .018 (.015-.023) .027 (.020-.036) 1074 

05-06 .005 (.005-.006) .005 (.004-.006) .010 (.008-.012) .018 (.014-.022) .033 (.021-.043) 1041 

07-08 .006 (.005-.008) .006 (.005-.008) .013 (.009-.016) .023 (.015-.039) .038 (.022-.086) 1095 

09-10 .006 (.005-.007) .006 (.005-.007) .012 (.011-.014) .021 (.017-.027) .032 (.023-.041) 1225 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.004, 0.004, 0.005, 0.002, 0.002, and 0.002 respectively. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Uranium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

168 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Uranium (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .007 (.006-.009) .007 (.006-.009) .013 (.010-.016) .024 (.019-.030) .034 (.027-.053) 2464 

01-02 .008 (.007-.010) .007 (.006-.009) .014 (.011-.018) .026 (.020-.034) .040 (.028-.058) 2689 

03-04 .008 (.007-.008) .007 (.006-.008) .012 (.010-.014) .021 (.017-.025) .029 (.023-.039) 2557 

05-06 .006 (.005-.006) .005 (.005-.006) .009 (.008-.010) .017 (.014-.020) .026 (.020-.039) 2576 

07-08 .007 (.006-.009) .006 (.005-.008) .012 (.009-.016) .024 (.016-.038) .038 (.025-.065) 2627 

09-10 .007 (.006-.008) .007 (.006-.008) .012 (.010-.013) .020 (.017-.024) .029 (.024-.035) 2848 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 .009 (.007-.012) .008 (.006-.011) .015 (.010-.024) .030 (.016-.044) .037 (.030-.077) 340 

01-02 .010 (.008-.011) .010 (.008-.012) .015 (.013-.019) .027 (.018-.032) .033 (.027-.048) 368 

03-04 .009 (.008-.010) .008 (.007-.010) .013 (.011-.017) .024 (.016-.039) .033 (.022-.050) 289 

05-06 .007 (.006-.008) .006 (.005-.008) .010 (.008-.014) .018 (.013-.035) .034 (.018-.048) 355 

07-08 .009 (.007-.011) .008 (.007-.010) .014 (.010-.022) .026 (.016-.053) .042 (.023-.065) 394 

09-10 .009 (.007-.010) .008 (.007-.010) .014 (.011-.016) .020 (.015-.030) .029 (.022-.033) 378 

12-19 years 99-00 .007 (.006-.008) .006 (.005-.008) .010 (.009-.014) .020 (.014-.030) .030 (.019-.074) 719 

01-02 .007 (.006-.008) .007 (.006-.008) .012 (.009-.016) .020 (.015-.026) .026 (.020-.042) 762 

03-04 .007 (.006-.008) .006 (.005-.007) .010 (.008-.013) .019 (.015-.027) .034 (.022-.041) 725 

05-06 .006 (.005-.007) .005 (.005-.006) .009 (.007-.012) .017 (.013-.022) .023 (.019-.026) 701 

07-08 .007 (.006-.009) .006 (.005-.008) .012 (.009-.016) .025 (.013-.050) .033 (.022-.077) 376 

09-10 .007 (.006-.009) .007 (.006-.008) .011 (.010-.013) .017 (.014-.021) .025 (.017-.038) 451 

20 years and older 99-00 .007 (.006-.009) .007 (.006-.009) .013 (.010-.016) .024 (.019-.029) .034 (.025-.051) 1405 

01-02 .008 (.007-.010) .007 (.006-.009) .014 (.011-.019) .027 (.020-.039) .043 (.030-.063) 1559 

03-04 * .007 (.006-.008) .012 (.010-.014) .020 (.017-.024) .028 (.022-.038) 1543 

05-06 .006 (.005-.006) .005 (.005-.006) .009 (.008-.010) .016 (.014-.019) .026 (.020-.039) 1520 

07-08 .007 (.006-.008) .006 (.005-.008) .012 (.009-.016) .024 (.016-.036) .037 (.025-.065) 1857 

09-10 .007 (.006-.008) .007 (.006-.008) .012 (.010-.013) .020 (.017-.025) .029 (.024-.036) 2019 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .007 (.006-.009) .006 (.005-.008) .011 (.009-.015) .021 (.017-.028) .035 (.024-.056) 1227 

01-02 .007 (.006-.008) .007 (.006-.008) .012 (.010-.015) .022 (.018-.028) .033 (.025-.047) 1334 

03-04 .007 (.006-.008) .006 (.006-.007) .010 (.009-.012) .019 (.015-.024) .026 (.019-.039) 1280 

05-06 .005 (.005-.005) .005 (.004-.005) .008 (.007-.009) .014 (.013-.016) .021 (.016-.031) 1271 

07-08 .007 (.005-.008) .006 (.005-.007) .012 (.009-.015) .022 (.016-.031) .032 (.024-.056) 1327 

09-10 .007 (.006-.008) .006 (.006-.007) .011 (.010-.012) .019 (.015-.023) .028 (.022-.033) 1398 

Females 99-00 .008 (.007-.010) .007 (.006-.010) .013 (.010-.017) .025 (.019-.033) .034 (.027-.054) 1237 

01-02 .009 (.008-.011) .009 (.007-.011) .016 (.012-.021) .029 (.021-.042) .045 (.031-.067) 1355 

03-04 * .008 (.007-.009) .013 (.011-.016) .022 (.018-.028) .031 (.025-.041) 1277 

05-06 .006 (.006-.007) .006 (.005-.006) .010 (.009-.011) .019 (.015-.024) .035 (.022-.041) 1305 

07-08 .008 (.006-.009) .007 (.006-.008) .013 (.010-.018) .026 (.016-.043) .042 (.024-.083) 1300 

09-10 .008 (.007-.009) .008 (.006-.009) .013 (.011-.015) .021 (.017-.027) .031 (.024-.041) 1450 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Uranium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

169 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Uranium (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .015 (.011-.022) .015 (.011-.020) .029 (.016-.058) .059 (.027-.146) .100 (.042-.270) 883 

01-02 .012 (.010-.016) .012 (.009-.016) .021 (.015-.028) .033 (.024-.053) .050 (.034-.080) 682 

03-04 .013 (.010-.016) .013 (.009-.017) .022 (.016-.029) .035 (.026-.051) .051 (.034-.061) 618 

05-06 .008 (.007-.009) .007 (.006-.008) .013 (.010-.015) .022 (.016-.031) .035 (.025-.060) 652 

07-08 .009 (.008-.012) .009 (.007-.011) .017 (.014-.021) .031 (.021-.048) .042 (.027-.097) 515 

09-10 .010 (.009-.011) .010 (.008-.011) .016 (.013-.018) .026 (.022-.030) .036 (.030-.044) 613 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .006 (.004-.007) .005 (.004-.006) .008 (.006-.013) .017 (.011-.029) .028 (.018-.048) 568 

01-02 .005 (.005-.006) .005 (.005-.006) .008 (.007-.010) .013 (.011-.014) .017 (.014-.029) 667 

03-04 .006 (.005-.006) .005 (.005-.006) .009 (.008-.009) .013 (.012-.015) .018 (.014-.024) 722 

05-06 .004 (.004-.005) .004 (.003-.005) .006 (.006-.007) .011 (.009-.015) .017 (.012-.021) 692 

07-08 .005 (.005-.006) .005 (.004-.006) .009 (.007-.011) .014 (.011-.017) .018 (.014-.041) 589 

09-10 .006 (.005-.008) .006 (.005-.007) .010 (.008-.012) .018 (.013-.021) .023 (.018-.044) 544 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .007 (.006-.009) .007 (.006-.009) .012 (.010-.015) .021 (.017-.027) .030 (.024-.050) 822 

01-02 .008 (.007-.009) .007 (.006-.009) .013 (.011-.016) .025 (.018-.032) .034 (.025-.051) 1132 

03-04 * .007 (.006-.008) .011 (.010-.013) .019 (.015-.024) .027 (.020-.040) 1074 

05-06 .006 (.005-.006) .005 (.005-.006) .009 (.008-.010) .016 (.013-.020) .024 (.019-.039) 1041 

07-08 .007 (.006-.009) .006 (.005-.008) .012 (.009-.019) .025 (.015-.043) .039 (.024-.081) 1095 

09-10 .007 (.006-.008) .007 (.006-.008) .012 (.010-.013) .018 (.015-.024) .028 (.021-.035) 1225 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Uranium_BiomonitoringSummary.html

170 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Butyl paraben 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 * < LOD 1.30 (.800-1.80) 6.60 (4.80-10.7) 19.6 (16.4-26.7) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD 1.10 (.900-1.50) 9.00 (6.20-11.4) 20.9 (15.2-30.1) 2604 

09-10 * < LOD .600 (.500-.800) 5.10 (3.40-8.10) 17.1 (10.5-29.4) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 * < LOD .400 (.200-.600) 1.90 (.800-5.80) 7.50 (1.70-18.5) 356 

07-08 * < LOD .300 (.200-.500) 1.30 (.900-1.70) 3.80 (1.00-114) 389 

09-10 * < LOD .300 (<LOD-.400) .900 (.500-1.70) 2.20 (1.30-5.10) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 * .200 (<LOD-.400) .900 (.600-1.80) 9.60 (4.10-16.1) 24.6 (14.5-33.4) 702 

07-08 * < LOD .800 (.600-1.40) 6.20 (2.50-11.5) 15.8 (6.20-33.2) 401 

09-10 * < LOD .500 (.400-.900) 5.70 (1.40-15.7) 18.6 (5.70-39.0) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 * < LOD 1.70 (1.00-2.20) 6.80 (4.80-11.7) 20.5 (15.8-28.3) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD 1.50 (1.00-1.90) 9.80 (6.70-13.4) 24.6 (16.5-32.0) 1814 

09-10 * < LOD .700 (.500-1.00) 6.00 (3.70-10.0) 18.7 (11.9-35.1) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 * < LOD .300 (<LOD-.300) 1.10 (.600-2.00) 3.20 (1.90-5.50) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD .200 (.200-.300) 1.00 (.700-1.50) 3.60 (2.00-7.20) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .800 (.500-1.20) 2.70 (1.50-12.0) 1399 

Females 05-06 .904 (.760-1.07) .500 (.400-.700) 3.70 (2.90-4.80) 17.4 (11.7-20.8) 34.9 (28.2-41.1) 1278 

07-08 .926 (.825-1.04) .500 (.400-.700) 3.90 (3.00-4.70) 17.9 (12.1-20.5) 34.8 (25.2-52.1) 1310 

09-10 * .300 (.200-.400) 1.80 (1.30-2.30) 11.3 (6.60-18.8) 31.8 (17.7-49.4) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 * .200 (<LOD-.300) 1.10 (.700-2.30) 11.3 (6.40-15.6) 27.3 (16.5-35.9) 637 

07-08 * < LOD .900 (.500-1.30) 6.80 (3.50-13.2) 22.7 (13.2-30.7) 531 

09-10 * < LOD .900 (.400-1.30) 8.30 (4.50-13.8) 18.8 (13.8-35.1) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 * .300 (.200-.400) 2.10 (1.00-3.50) 9.10 (4.40-25.0) 31.8 (10.1-82.6) 678 

07-08 * .200 (<LOD-.300) 1.10 (.700-1.70) 7.10 (4.20-9.90) 20.0 (8.90-31.3) 597 

09-10 * < LOD .500 (.300-.900) 3.10 (1.40-7.30) 9.00 (5.60-16.7) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 * < LOD 1.00 (.700-1.80) 5.80 (4.00-9.00) 17.7 (11.7-25.9) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD 1.20 (.800-1.60) 9.10 (5.00-13.3) 19.6 (12.1-32.0) 1077 

09-10 * < LOD .700 (.500-.900) 4.90 (2.70-9.20) 17.7 (9.20-34.5) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.2, 0.2, and 0.2 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_FactSheet.html

171 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Butyl paraben (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 * < LOD 1.16 (.910-1.62) 7.82 (6.26-11.2) 21.2 (16.8-27.3) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD 1.16 (.880-1.59) 9.83 (6.51-13.5) 23.1 (18.1-30.4) 2604 

09-10 * < LOD .710 (.610-.930) 5.58 (3.55-10.0) 18.0 (10.2-27.6) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 * < LOD .440 (.370-.660) 1.65 (1.00-5.29) 7.92 (1.64-30.5) 356 

07-08 * < LOD .540 (.410-.720) 1.24 (.920-2.80) 5.91 (.930-76.0) 389 

09-10 * < LOD .530 (<LOD-.630) 1.36 (.740-1.89) 2.74 (1.56-6.58) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 * .190 (<LOD-.250) .690 (.490-1.20) 6.67 (3.60-11.2) 18.7 (9.52-28.9) 702 

07-08 * < LOD .670 (.450-.930) 3.70 (1.80-7.41) 9.64 (6.00-18.7) 401 

09-10 * < LOD .550 (.420-.790) 3.75 (1.21-11.9) 13.8 (3.75-23.7) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 * < LOD 1.49 (1.06-1.96) 9.07 (6.55-14.8) 25.5 (17.9-30.4) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD 1.52 (1.04-2.21) 12.4 (8.35-15.1) 27.5 (21.2-36.8) 1814 

09-10 * < LOD .830 (.640-1.19) 7.06 (3.79-11.9) 22.0 (13.1-31.2) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 * < LOD .290 (<LOD-.350) .830 (.570-1.16) 2.28 (1.43-2.91) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD .290 (.260-.340) .830 (.620-1.36) 2.40 (1.56-4.85) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .700 (.560-1.09) 2.50 (1.18-5.87) 1399 

Females 05-06 1.06 (.914-1.24) .750 (.600-.860) 4.44 (3.01-6.26) 19.8 (13.5-25.7) 34.7 (26.9-42.7) 1278 

07-08 1.11 (.984-1.25) .670 (.550-.920) 4.44 (3.02-6.12) 20.6 (14.6-25.9) 39.4 (28.1-77.7) 1310 

09-10 * .450 (.420-.520) 2.17 (1.67-3.10) 13.5 (8.75-22.5) 28.2 (18.4-45.7) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 * .240 (<LOD-.290) 1.20 (.760-1.68) 9.15 (5.36-15.2) 20.3 (15.8-29.2) 637 

07-08 * < LOD .810 (.610-1.07) 8.57 (3.28-12.0) 23.0 (12.7-29.5) 531 

09-10 * < LOD .930 (.570-1.76) 8.01 (4.77-10.5) 17.0 (10.5-27.1) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 * .220 (.180-.270) 1.46 (.750-2.64) 8.18 (3.65-17.9) 21.0 (10.9-51.3) 678 

07-08 * .220 (<LOD-.280) .900 (.570-1.27) 5.21 (3.13-6.18) 12.1 (6.14-21.4) 597 

09-10 * < LOD .390 (.270-.590) 2.63 (.890-4.71) 7.00 (3.26-11.9) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 * < LOD 1.12 (.850-1.65) 6.93 (5.21-9.91) 20.9 (15.4-27.3) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD 1.18 (.810-2.09) 10.7 (6.32-14.8) 26.8 (15.1-40.4) 1077 

09-10 * < LOD .780 (.620-1.13) 6.34 (3.44-12.6) 20.8 (9.12-33.2) 1206 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_FactSheet.html

172 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Ethyl paraben 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 * < LOD 4.80 (3.40-6.00) 26.2 (19.4-31.9) 57.2 (40.3-83.4) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD 5.40 (3.80-6.90) 29.3 (21.9-42.4) 72.1 (54.6-91.8) 2604 

09-10 * 1.10 (<LOD-1.20) 6.60 (4.90-8.30) 37.6 (24.4-51.3) 82.6 (60.3-119) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD 2.60 (1.70-4.70) 9.90 (2.80-30.7) 356 

07-08 * < LOD 1.70 (1.10-2.60) 4.60 (2.30-36.7) 35.6 (2.60-282) 389 

09-10 * < LOD 1.50 (1.20-1.80) 3.70 (2.50-5.30) 11.5 (4.50-18.4) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD 2.30 (1.30-3.20) 11.3 (7.90-24.1) 38.0 (17.7-122) 702 

07-08 * < LOD 3.00 (2.30-4.90) 23.0 (7.30-60.3) 60.3 (12.5-159) 401 

09-10 * < LOD 3.50 (2.10-5.90) 33.8 (19.4-49.6) 83.2 (34.5-284) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 * < LOD 5.90 (4.60-8.10) 30.4 (22.3-38.6) 69.5 (48.1-89.5) 1490 

07-08 * 1.10 (<LOD-1.40) 6.20 (4.60-9.20) 34.7 (22.8-50.4) 77.4 (51.4-120) 1814 

09-10 * 1.30 (1.10-1.50) 8.40 (6.00-10.6) 45.0 (29.1-60.3) 91.4 (62.6-129) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 * < LOD 1.90 (1.20-3.00) 8.90 (5.80-13.7) 25.2 (15.7-29.2) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD 2.40 (1.50-3.00) 11.2 (6.60-15.3) 28.3 (15.3-42.8) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD 2.20 (1.90-2.70) 10.4 (7.40-19.1) 36.4 (19.1-61.3) 1399 

Females 05-06 * 1.30 (<LOD-2.20) 10.0 (7.50-13.2) 42.7 (32.3-62.8) 98.7 (74.7-147) 1278 

07-08 * 1.80 (1.40-2.50) 10.1 (6.90-16.5) 62.0 (38.2-80.8) 123 (78.5-259) 1310 

09-10 3.84 (3.35-4.41) 2.00 (1.60-2.40) 15.4 (12.5-18.4) 62.4 (45.7-78.7) 138 (92.2-211) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 * < LOD 3.70 (1.90-6.10) 24.0 (11.6-37.7) 55.6 (40.3-120) 637 

07-08 * < LOD 4.10 (2.90-5.90) 23.6 (12.8-30.1) 48.3 (31.0-65.2) 531 

09-10 * < LOD 4.30 (2.60-7.70) 31.0 (21.5-46.3) 65.5 (46.3-92.2) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 * 1.00 (<LOD-1.50) 5.70 (3.70-9.80) 31.3 (20.4-52.1) 92.3 (41.5-166) 678 

07-08 * 1.00 (<LOD-1.50) 7.90 (3.90-15.8) 39.9 (24.0-63.4) 97.2 (58.3-256) 597 

09-10 3.62 (3.11-4.22) 1.90 (1.60-2.40) 11.1 (8.10-17.5) 58.6 (33.8-93.7) 166 (66.0-297) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 * < LOD 4.80 (3.10-6.10) 24.0 (15.5-32.3) 54.7 (36.4-86.8) 1038 

07-08 * 1.00 (<LOD-1.30) 5.20 (3.50-7.10) 27.2 (18.0-40.8) 67.1 (42.8-98.1) 1077 

09-10 * 1.10 (<LOD-1.20) 6.50 (4.50-8.50) 37.5 (22.7-52.7) 78.7 (49.7-138) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 1.0, 1.0, and 1.0 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_FactSheet.html

173 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Ethyl paraben (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 * < LOD 4.61 (3.39-6.30) 27.1 (19.1-34.0) 66.5 (46.5-84.2) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD 5.56 (4.31-7.56) 32.7 (22.5-50.2) 80.0 (53.2-117) 2604 

09-10 * 1.65 (<LOD-1.82) 6.11 (4.90-7.96) 36.6 (28.0-47.2) 94.6 (67.3-127) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD 4.18 (1.91-10.2) 13.5 (4.18-29.0) 356 

07-08 * < LOD 2.54 (1.82-3.30) 6.13 (3.26-34.3) 34.3 (3.30-207) 389 

09-10 * < LOD 2.37 (1.97-3.09) 5.00 (3.74-6.67) 10.1 (6.11-27.3) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD 1.94 (1.29-2.65) 10.9 (3.57-20.2) 32.0 (14.1-57.8) 702 

07-08 * < LOD 2.93 (1.93-3.97) 12.9 (4.60-37.9) 37.9 (8.79-110) 401 

09-10 * < LOD 3.11 (2.22-5.94) 26.2 (13.0-33.9) 52.4 (28.8-177) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 * < LOD 6.36 (4.63-7.92) 32.4 (23.7-46.0) 76.8 (57.3-97.9) 1490 

07-08 * 1.58 (<LOD-1.97) 6.97 (4.94-10.9) 38.5 (24.8-61.9) 94.1 (53.6-146) 1814 

09-10 * 1.82 (1.61-2.13) 8.08 (5.92-10.7) 43.7 (33.1-56.0) 106 (78.1-137) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 * < LOD 1.82 (1.48-2.15) 6.38 (3.55-9.95) 15.5 (10.2-22.3) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD 2.14 (1.67-3.03) 8.61 (5.54-12.4) 21.7 (11.7-32.7) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD 2.45 (2.22-2.92) 8.63 (6.14-13.7) 28.8 (14.4-43.2) 1399 

Females 05-06 * 2.09 (<LOD-2.60) 12.7 (8.45-16.2) 57.3 (40.7-75.2) 107 (82.9-141) 1278 

07-08 * 2.63 (2.09-3.55) 13.9 (9.09-22.5) 66.1 (40.9-95.1) 130 (78.8-203) 1310 

09-10 4.63 (4.13-5.19) 2.90 (2.47-3.43) 16.8 (13.7-22.0) 71.9 (53.4-98.8) 173 (121-227) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 * < LOD 3.49 (2.09-5.23) 23.6 (11.8-33.2) 68.5 (32.1-107) 637 

07-08 * < LOD 4.44 (2.86-5.81) 22.5 (15.9-27.2) 47.7 (26.7-74.2) 531 

09-10 * < LOD 4.40 (3.09-6.31) 30.0 (16.0-36.9) 59.1 (36.9-87.2) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 * .970 (<LOD-1.14) 4.48 (2.90-6.07) 22.0 (14.1-36.8) 47.5 (33.7-106) 678 

07-08 * 1.18 (<LOD-1.47) 6.37 (3.20-10.9) 38.8 (16.5-53.1) 90.7 (42.6-172) 597 

09-10 2.62 (2.14-3.21) 1.57 (1.20-2.05) 7.35 (5.15-9.97) 44.9 (22.0-75.0) 98.8 (60.0-162) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 * < LOD 4.73 (3.38-6.58) 27.5 (16.2-38.4) 70.6 (46.0-91.2) 1038 

07-08 * 1.48 (<LOD-1.82) 5.71 (3.74-8.97) 32.3 (20.0-53.6) 75.7 (40.5-121) 1077 

09-10 * 1.79 (<LOD-2.03) 6.63 (4.84-9.18) 37.7 (27.7-53.4) 114 (62.8-164) 1206 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_FactSheet.html

174 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Methyl paraben 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 56.4 (46.9-67.9) 63.5 (47.9-74.5) 216 (168-282) 560 (432-777) 974 (827-1110) 2548 

07-08 60.1 (49.6-72.8) 59.8 (47.5-73.3) 204 (171-253) 544 (444-675) 902 (746-1100) 2604 

09-10 57.1 (51.0-63.9) 55.1 (46.7-62.6) 213 (179-259) 621 (546-716) 1010 (919-1170) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 33.5 (25.6-43.8) 25.0 (19.4-35.3) 86.7 (61.5-153) 289 (238-868) 1560 (389-2090) 356 

07-08 35.2 (25.0-49.6) 30.1 (19.6-38.5) 94.0 (46.6-214) 340 (218-527) 651 (430-995) 389 

09-10 33.9 (27.4-41.9) 26.5 (20.4-33.3) 79.4 (59.0-126) 415 (163-849) 873 (477-1230) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 53.8 (43.9-66.0) 53.5 (39.4-65.7) 192 (163-264) 491 (380-720) 901 (571-1210) 702 

07-08 64.9 (50.3-83.8) 66.3 (48.0-96.7) 221 (180-276) 521 (424-789) 971 (574-1390) 401 

09-10 53.9 (40.9-70.9) 56.5 (39.4-75.6) 176 (122-291) 716 (399-934) 984 (805-1210) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 60.3 (48.7-74.7) 70.0 (57.1-85.3) 225 (177-322) 602 (439-814) 974 (827-1110) 1490 

07-08 63.0 (51.8-76.7) 64.0 (51.4-79.8) 210 (172-267) 558 (447-678) 916 (743-1190) 1814 

09-10 61.0 (53.5-69.6) 59.1 (50.6-72.6) 239 (188-276) 625 (566-711) 1010 (909-1270) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 29.8 (24.8-35.8) 23.7 (19.5-29.4) 97.6 (78.1-121) 299 (229-355) 491 (385-743) 1270 

07-08 33.6 (27.3-41.3) 27.4 (20.8-39.9) 93.5 (71.0-137) 312 (260-407) 598 (460-734) 1294 

09-10 31.7 (27.6-36.4) 25.3 (20.6-30.6) 94.0 (76.8-122) 366 (275-482) 727 (569-919) 1399 

Females 05-06 104 (80.8-135) 137 (93.0-168) 356 (279-427) 842 (660-974) 1110 (956-1330) 1278 

07-08 105 (90.2-123) 116 (95.2-139) 315 (248-424) 683 (558-901) 1140 (917-1420) 1310 

09-10 100 (87.9-114) 106 (90.9-125) 349 (271-405) 812 (696-931) 1230 (1010-1550) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 78.2 (61.0-100) 86.3 (64.7-121) 301 (233-349) 742 (474-896) 1100 (896-1170) 637 

07-08 80.5 (66.0-98.2) 87.0 (63.4-117) 283 (222-348) 630 (533-791) 1030 (773-1240) 531 

09-10 82.9 (68.6-100) 85.5 (73.0-99.8) 293 (231-385) 821 (536-1120) 1580 (855-2360) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 174 (133-229) 216 (150-306) 616 (465-789) 1180 (1010-1480) 1690 (1210-2880) 678 

07-08 152 (135-171) 159 (135-194) 483 (421-552) 1080 (938-1350) 1720 (1210-2700) 597 

09-10 191 (171-213) 223 (170-288) 678 (533-849) 1470 (1220-2010) 2340 (1650-2750) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 43.8 (36.7-52.3) 44.3 (36.7-58.2) 165 (132-209) 412 (320-520) 806 (485-974) 1038 

07-08 48.9 (39.9-59.9) 47.6 (37.8-62.0) 158 (129-198) 430 (301-557) 671 (524-921) 1077 

09-10 43.5 (39.4-48.1) 41.3 (33.5-47.7) 150 (127-176) 463 (361-557) 757 (619-888) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 1.0, 1.0, and 1.0 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_FactSheet.html

175 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Methyl paraben (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 55.0 (46.8-64.6) 58.8 (47.0-73.4) 221 (170-264) 527 (426-685) 902 (753-995) 2548 

07-08 60.6 (49.8-73.8) 61.0 (45.3-83.2) 228 (188-288) 538 (439-645) 820 (694-1000) 2604 

09-10 59.6 (53.5-66.3) 57.7 (52.3-68.5) 232 (195-262) 544 (468-632) 887 (734-1020) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 36.8 (27.9-48.7) 26.9 (21.0-36.6) 108 (55.9-164) 259 (195-753) 1540 (313-2510) 356 

07-08 43.4 (31.3-60.2) 33.1 (21.8-55.0) 118 (62.3-197) 424 (218-668) 817 (558-1020) 389 

09-10 44.2 (35.7-54.6) 32.3 (26.5-42.9) 110 (67.6-158) 483 (258-722) 849 (535-1080) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 40.1 (33.7-47.8) 41.7 (31.5-56.3) 160 (129-178) 362 (280-428) 549 (434-656) 702 

07-08 50.5 (40.1-63.7) 52.8 (36.6-78.1) 167 (111-245) 336 (292-395) 475 (376-623) 401 

09-10 43.3 (33.5-55.9) 43.5 (27.5-68.6) 168 (123-221) 399 (292-558) 632 (425-890) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 60.5 (50.5-72.5) 69.6 (51.5-90.9) 251 (189-320) 602 (462-729) 930 (788-1010) 1490 

07-08 64.7 (52.9-79.2) 69.7 (51.1-92.5) 256 (209-316) 576 (450-710) 865 (697-1130) 1814 

09-10 64.6 (57.0-73.3) 71.2 (56.6-84.7) 251 (217-287) 566 (495-673) 924 (753-1060) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 23.9 (20.6-27.8) 21.1 (17.4-25.3) 72.1 (58.0-89.5) 209 (160-260) 368 (262-498) 1270 

07-08 28.3 (22.8-35.0) 23.5 (17.2-33.2) 80.7 (56.9-111) 257 (181-318) 444 (386-558) 1294 

09-10 28.4 (25.1-32.2) 23.3 (19.3-26.9) 77.7 (59.6-105) 260 (212-370) 516 (412-633) 1399 

Females 05-06 123 (99.3-152) 147 (111-196) 377 (319-445) 788 (676-910) 1050 (937-1290) 1278 

07-08 126 (109-145) 160 (134-182) 374 (325-422) 734 (576-879) 1040 (835-1260) 1310 

09-10 121 (107-137) 146 (125-162) 359 (307-426) 745 (606-890) 1080 (924-1390) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 70.3 (57.1-86.7) 85.8 (67.2-106) 249 (191-303) 515 (431-656) 870 (656-1080) 637 

07-08 78.5 (63.6-97.0) 96.2 (59.4-127) 293 (245-370) 627 (541-728) 831 (729-963) 531 

09-10 82.3 (71.1-95.2) 95.2 (76.0-113) 284 (237-337) 623 (459-899) 1130 (657-2120) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 122 (93.0-161) 161 (98.2-225) 377 (334-462) 792 (581-1100) 1220 (916-1590) 678 

07-08 118 (105-133) 134 (111-155) 356 (311-403) 757 (573-882) 1030 (847-1290) 597 

09-10 138 (118-163) 165 (127-203) 403 (356-498) 928 (729-1120) 1350 (1080-1680) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 46.1 (39.0-54.4) 45.6 (34.5-59.7) 170 (142-234) 447 (339-706) 814 (640-995) 1038 

07-08 51.0 (40.5-64.2) 46.7 (35.8-66.3) 191 (154-230) 481 (383-614) 747 (574-966) 1077 

09-10 48.9 (44.5-53.7) 45.9 (39.5-51.9) 184 (154-215) 468 (388-560) 734 (631-924) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_FactSheet.html

176 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary n-Propyl paraben 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 7.91 (6.41-9.77) 8.70 (5.90-12.4) 48.9 (36.6-64.8) 160 (129-200) 299 (237-354) 2548 

07-08 7.59 (6.22-9.26) 7.60 (5.70-10.6) 44.1 (34.1-55.6) 144 (115-196) 268 (231-290) 2604 

09-10 6.97 (5.96-8.16) 6.40 (5.10-8.00) 44.3 (38.6-50.3) 153 (133-183) 297 (233-334) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 3.41 (2.43-4.77) 2.50 (1.60-4.30) 11.1 (7.10-21.0) 47.5 (30.0-91.9) 125 (55.8-383) 356 

07-08 3.61 (2.39-5.44) 3.50 (1.90-6.00) 13.7 (7.60-22.8) 49.1 (21.7-99.6) 99.6 (80.4-120) 389 

09-10 3.28 (2.58-4.17) 2.70 (2.00-4.00) 10.2 (7.00-14.0) 42.9 (28.2-61.6) 114 (56.8-239) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 8.16 (5.70-11.7) 8.40 (5.00-13.9) 46.4 (24.1-68.5) 165 (96.7-222) 310 (201-361) 702 

07-08 8.85 (6.73-11.6) 7.90 (5.30-12.0) 49.2 (31.1-62.2) 193 (100-234) 271 (195-314) 401 

09-10 7.01 (5.13-9.58) 7.90 (4.40-11.0) 39.7 (24.8-57.8) 153 (78.1-299) 367 (136-694) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 8.67 (6.83-11.0) 11.2 (7.70-14.4) 55.6 (41.2-75.6) 172 (130-233) 302 (237-367) 1490 

07-08 8.04 (6.56-9.84) 8.40 (6.10-11.9) 48.8 (38.3-61.1) 152 (118-202) 272 (232-312) 1814 

09-10 7.58 (6.28-9.15) 7.50 (5.30-9.90) 48.9 (42.6-58.0) 166 (139-199) 298 (251-334) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 2.96 (2.33-3.77) 2.30 (1.60-3.10) 13.8 (9.00-18.0) 51.7 (39.7-70.9) 125 (77.2-185) 1270 

07-08 3.02 (2.47-3.71) 2.30 (1.70-3.30) 12.6 (8.40-17.4) 56.4 (38.9-89.5) 140 (98.1-209) 1294 

09-10 2.77 (2.26-3.40) 2.00 (1.40-2.60) 11.4 (7.70-15.4) 57.3 (44.6-67.8) 134 (86.1-184) 1399 

Females 05-06 20.4 (16.0-25.9) 29.1 (21.6-37.5) 93.0 (75.7-129) 254 (193-318) 357 (318-395) 1278 

07-08 18.4 (15.7-21.5) 23.3 (20.5-26.1) 76.3 (62.9-100) 210 (164-269) 312 (271-363) 1310 

09-10 16.9 (14.6-19.4) 20.2 (17.0-25.9) 83.3 (70.0-92.4) 227 (171-295) 361 (297-502) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 10.6 (8.08-13.8) 12.1 (7.00-17.5) 65.9 (43.5-93.3) 247 (174-293) 389 (293-453) 637 

07-08 7.82 (5.98-10.2) 7.00 (4.20-12.9) 52.1 (36.9-64.1) 146 (105-201) 217 (161-401) 531 

09-10 8.94 (7.25-11.0) 8.70 (5.70-13.3) 58.9 (45.7-68.5) 182 (117-299) 451 (269-911) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 26.8 (21.5-33.3) 34.7 (28.3-44.2) 125 (89.5-165) 331 (236-411) 531 (367-730) 678 

07-08 21.3 (18.4-24.7) 28.6 (21.8-34.8) 85.4 (70.8-96.9) 222 (176-282) 410 (277-506) 597 

09-10 26.1 (21.8-31.3) 29.9 (23.4-39.5) 129 (87.4-167) 322 (229-503) 572 (369-654) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 6.21 (5.02-7.68) 6.00 (4.60-9.10) 35.7 (28.4-49.6) 130 (92.1-157) 229 (156-318) 1038 

07-08 6.49 (5.05-8.33) 6.10 (4.50-9.20) 36.8 (26.9-47.5) 129 (91.3-196) 251 (190-290) 1077 

09-10 5.34 (4.55-6.27) 4.40 (3.60-5.70) 35.6 (26.1-44.3) 128 (92.4-141) 235 (170-300) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.2, 0.2, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_FactSheet.html

177 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary n-Propyl paraben (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 7.71 (6.40-9.30) 8.27 (5.87-11.3) 52.9 (41.6-66.1) 161 (140-178) 263 (226-288) 2548 

07-08 7.65 (6.22-9.40) 8.00 (5.34-11.6) 50.0 (39.5-59.8) 138 (115-168) 235 (199-293) 2604 

09-10 7.28 (6.30-8.41) 6.67 (5.35-8.50) 45.1 (37.3-53.5) 155 (128-187) 253 (223-300) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 3.75 (2.67-5.26) 2.70 (1.89-4.43) 11.5 (8.07-16.0) 52.1 (22.9-100) 121 (55.5-352) 356 

07-08 4.45 (3.03-6.53) 3.50 (1.79-6.85) 16.5 (8.82-28.8) 59.1 (28.6-94.4) 98.4 (65.0-139) 389 

09-10 4.27 (3.34-5.47) 3.33 (2.41-4.62) 12.0 (8.52-16.6) 46.1 (27.5-108) 143 (72.5-243) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 6.08 (4.36-8.49) 5.44 (3.03-10.5) 33.0 (20.7-48.7) 116 (81.9-161) 175 (140-239) 702 

07-08 6.88 (5.30-8.94) 5.68 (3.51-9.90) 33.2 (26.7-46.5) 103 (87.2-112) 132 (105-235) 401 

09-10 5.64 (4.17-7.62) 5.19 (3.53-9.03) 32.9 (20.4-42.4) 107 (57.6-217) 218 (101-397) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 8.70 (7.08-10.7) 10.8 (7.39-15.2) 63.2 (49.7-80.5) 178 (152-198) 270 (236-293) 1490 

07-08 8.26 (6.70-10.2) 9.91 (6.15-12.6) 57.9 (47.3-69.1) 161 (127-199) 273 (212-312) 1814 

09-10 8.03 (6.74-9.56) 8.27 (6.10-10.8) 55.5 (43.5-66.0) 164 (136-200) 270 (232-314) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 2.38 (1.92-2.95) 1.84 (1.42-2.46) 9.52 (6.79-12.8) 40.5 (31.1-51.5) 90.8 (56.8-125) 1270 

07-08 2.55 (2.06-3.15) 1.74 (1.40-2.53) 10.7 (5.99-15.4) 44.7 (29.0-66.1) 112 (77.4-144) 1294 

09-10 2.48 (2.05-3.00) 1.71 (1.35-2.25) 8.85 (6.12-14.2) 40.3 (33.8-57.6) 105 (74.5-143) 1399 

Females 05-06 23.9 (19.9-28.8) 34.9 (26.9-46.6) 114 (101-132) 235 (193-263) 306 (277-342) 1278 

07-08 22.0 (18.7-25.8) 30.4 (25.2-36.3) 93.3 (80.8-110) 199 (161-245) 302 (271-370) 1310 

09-10 20.4 (17.8-23.3) 25.7 (21.8-30.7) 97.1 (81.8-115) 223 (191-248) 334 (295-389) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 9.49 (7.29-12.4) 11.0 (6.69-16.4) 55.2 (44.9-79.6) 186 (147-271) 329 (194-441) 637 

07-08 7.63 (5.72-10.2) 6.60 (4.10-13.4) 47.9 (39.5-66.7) 162 (123-187) 273 (187-304) 531 

09-10 8.87 (7.42-10.6) 7.97 (5.87-12.8) 54.7 (42.3-73.8) 184 (140-269) 325 (221-575) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 18.8 (15.2-23.3) 23.6 (19.0-30.8) 83.7 (61.8-105) 217 (169-255) 318 (242-377) 678 

07-08 16.6 (14.1-19.5) 22.9 (18.0-27.2) 64.2 (51.4-73.3) 141 (117-172) 254 (169-311) 597 

09-10 18.9 (15.2-23.5) 21.1 (18.2-27.7) 80.9 (59.5-109) 200 (151-249) 301 (223-376) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 6.53 (5.32-8.02) 6.45 (3.96-9.11) 47.4 (32.6-65.3) 146 (119-184) 241 (184-278) 1038 

07-08 6.77 (5.14-8.93) 5.81 (3.94-10.5) 45.4 (32.2-61.4) 132 (105-172) 215 (169-295) 1077 

09-10 6.00 (5.19-6.94) 5.12 (4.05-6.25) 37.8 (32.1-49.2) 148 (115-183) 242 (215-272) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Parabens_FactSheet.html

178 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Nitrate 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in mg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 48.2 (46.2-50.3) 49.0 (46.0-52.0) 78.0 (73.0-83.0) 100 (100-130) 140 (130-150) 1617 

05-06 42.7 (39.6-46.1) 47.8 (44.4-51.2) 74.6 (69.8-79.4) 108 (101-114) 133 (125-144) 7697 

07-08 46.3 (44.6-48.1) 50.3 (48.4-52.0) 76.0 (72.7-79.1) 110 (104-116) 138 (132-146) 7629 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 62.2 (53.8-71.8) 68.0 (58.0-79.0) 94.0 (84.0-100) 130 (100-160) 150 (120-380) 374 

05-06 51.2 (47.4-55.4) 54.7 (51.9-58.2) 79.2 (72.8-87.2) 113 (101-128) 141 (120-158) 1054 

07-08 55.2 (51.7-58.9) 60.2 (56.1-64.3) 84.5 (80.1-92.5) 117 (107-135) 149 (132-189) 1143 

12-19 years 01-02 57.4 (53.5-61.6) 66.0 (60.0-69.0) 91.0 (86.0-95.0) 120 (100-130) 150 (130-160) 827 

05-06 52.5 (48.5-56.8) 57.5 (52.3-62.6) 84.2 (79.9-88.4) 119 (111-124) 144 (129-153) 2106 

07-08 55.5 (51.5-59.7) 56.8 (51.9-61.5) 84.1 (76.2-94.5) 119 (107-133) 144 (133-162) 1135 

20 years and older 01-02 45.4 (43.3-47.5) 49.0 (46.0-52.0) 78.0 (73.0-83.0) 100 (100-130) 140 (130-150) 1617 

05-06 40.5 (37.4-43.9) 45.0 (41.3-48.3) 71.7 (67.1-77.4) 105 (98.0-113) 129 (122-142) 4537 

07-08 44.2 (42.5-45.9) 48.1 (46.0-49.7) 73.2 (70.1-76.5) 107 (101-113) 135 (128-146) 5351 

Gender 

Males 01-02 57.5 (54.6-60.6) 63.0 (59.0-67.0) 89.0 (83.0-94.0) 130 (100-140) 150 (140-170) 1335 

05-06 48.4 (44.6-52.6) 52.7 (48.3-57.8) 79.4 (72.8-86.5) 110 (103-121) 136 (123-152) 3765 

07-08 51.9 (49.9-54.1) 56.1 (53.8-58.0) 79.5 (75.7-83.5) 112 (105-119) 137 (131-149) 3839 

Females 01-02 40.7 (38.4-43.2) 43.0 (41.0-48.0) 72.0 (68.0-76.0) 100 (98.0-120) 130 (120-150) 1483 

05-06 37.9 (35.1-40.8) 42.0 (38.2-46.0) 69.2 (65.5-73.4) 104 (96.6-110) 130 (124-140) 3932 

07-08 41.4 (39.3-43.7) 43.9 (41.5-46.3) 71.3 (67.5-74.8) 108 (99.8-115) 138 (132-149) 3790 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 53.2 (48.7-58.2) 59.0 (52.0-66.0) 84.0 (79.0-91.0) 120 (100-150) 160 (130-180) 707 

05-06 47.8 (44.7-51.2) 52.4 (49.9-56.2) 77.9 (75.1-83.1) 113 (104-120) 148 (133-156) 1972 

07-08 48.7 (45.0-52.6) 51.9 (47.4-56.7) 75.6 (69.7-81.3) 111 (100-122) 148 (127-164) 1505 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 53.8 (47.8-60.5) 58.0 (51.0-64.0) 84.0 (77.0-93.0) 120 (100-130) 140 (130-170) 680 

05-06 45.9 (42.1-50.0) 50.4 (46.6-54.9) 75.0 (68.8-80.8) 101 (95.3-110) 127 (114-148) 2078 

07-08 47.5 (45.0-50.3) 50.3 (48.6-52.5) 74.7 (71.9-77.3) 105 (97.1-116) 134 (125-150) 1707 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 46.3 (44.1-48.6) 51.0 (47.0-53.0) 81.0 (78.0-85.0) 120 (100-130) 140 (130-150) 1228 

05-06 41.2 (37.6-45.2) 46.2 (41.3-50.6) 73.3 (67.3-80.1) 107 (98.2-115) 129 (122-142) 3056 

07-08 45.0 (42.7-47.5) 49.2 (46.1-52.6) 75.5 (70.5-80.0) 108 (101-116) 134 (128-140) 3190 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.7, 0.7, and 0.7 respectively. 

179 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Nitrate (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in mg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 49.8 (47.7-51.9) 46.9 (44.2-49.6) 63.8 (61.2-67.7) 90.9 (84.3-98.8) 120 (111-128) 1616 

05-06 42.6 (40.2-45.1) 42.4 (40.1-44.7) 59.7 (55.8-64.1) 85.5 (81.3-91.3) 113 (106-118) 7697 

07-08 47.7 (45.9-49.7) 46.0 (44.0-48.3) 66.5 (62.4-70.5) 98.0 (92.3-102) 127 (119-135) 7628 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 72.0 (66.1-78.4) 66.0 (62.6-70.4) 87.0 (80.2-97.7) 129 (96.5-144) 144 (130-235) 374 

05-06 60.8 (57.4-64.5) 57.3 (53.6-60.6) 76.5 (70.9-82.1) 109 (95.0-123) 134 (121-164) 1054 

07-08 70.2 (65.7-74.9) 65.9 (62.4-69.5) 89.0 (83.2-96.5) 128 (112-152) 173 (140-216) 1143 

12-19 years 01-02 44.8 (43.4-46.2) 43.8 (42.6-45.0) 56.2 (52.2-59.7) 73.2 (65.2-85.1) 93.4 (79.0-104) 826 

05-06 39.8 (37.8-41.9) 38.1 (36.3-40.3) 51.8 (47.7-56.0) 70.6 (63.1-78.8) 88.9 (79.4-103) 2106 

07-08 43.4 (41.3-45.5) 40.5 (38.6-43.5) 56.0 (52.7-59.2) 76.6 (69.0-86.2) 98.0 (85.4-121) 1134 

20 years and older 01-02 48.3 (45.9-50.9) 46.9 (44.2-49.6) 63.8 (61.2-67.7) 90.9 (84.3-98.8) 120 (111-128) 1616 

05-06 41.4 (38.9-43.9) 41.0 (38.8-43.7) 58.6 (54.8-63.1) 85.3 (80.2-91.0) 111 (105-116) 4537 

07-08 46.5 (44.6-48.4) 44.7 (42.5-47.0) 65.0 (60.7-69.2) 96.1 (90.0-102) 125 (117-132) 5351 

Gender 

Males 01-02 47.6 (44.7-50.7) 46.1 (43.4-48.7) 61.3 (58.0-64.5) 86.7 (77.1-97.3) 114 (97.3-125) 1335 

05-06 40.1 (37.5-42.9) 39.5 (36.7-42.8) 55.3 (51.6-59.5) 77.2 (70.7-83.0) 95.9 (89.6-102) 3765 

07-08 44.6 (42.8-46.6) 42.8 (40.7-45.1) 60.6 (58.1-64.4) 85.6 (81.1-91.3) 111 (101-121) 3839 

Females 01-02 51.9 (49.9-54.1) 51.2 (48.4-53.0) 69.1 (66.7-71.2) 100 (91.7-111) 129 (118-140) 1481 

05-06 45.1 (42.8-47.6) 45.0 (42.4-47.4) 64.4 (60.0-69.6) 96.8 (87.8-105) 128 (117-134) 3932 

07-08 51.0 (48.9-53.2) 50.0 (47.5-52.7) 72.3 (67.8-76.8) 107 (101-116) 146 (129-163) 3789 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 50.9 (45.7-56.8) 48.1 (44.9-51.4) 67.4 (60.3-77.6) 97.3 (85.7-117) 135 (100-161) 707 

05-06 44.6 (42.6-46.7) 44.0 (42.2-45.3) 60.4 (58.1-62.9) 89.9 (82.0-95.4) 120 (111-128) 1972 

07-08 48.7 (45.1-52.7) 47.0 (43.5-50.5) 64.8 (59.7-69.9) 93.5 (88.9-101) 128 (108-156) 1505 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 38.7 (36.3-41.3) 38.0 (34.6-41.3) 53.5 (50.3-57.4) 70.3 (64.9-79.3) 91.7 (78.9-100) 679 

05-06 32.9 (30.9-35.0) 31.9 (29.8-34.1) 45.4 (41.5-49.6) 64.0 (60.1-68.0) 81.2 (75.3-89.6) 2078 

07-08 35.9 (34.2-37.7) 34.8 (33.3-36.6) 49.0 (44.8-53.6) 69.1 (63.5-77.4) 87.8 (78.1-97.4) 1706 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 51.4 (49.4-53.4) 49.1 (46.9-51.5) 66.9 (64.2-69.4) 95.2 (87.7-100) 124 (115-132) 1227 

05-06 43.7 (40.8-46.8) 43.9 (40.8-46.8) 61.4 (56.5-66.2) 85.5 (80.6-91.9) 110 (102-116) 3056 

07-08 49.0 (46.7-51.4) 47.4 (44.9-50.5) 68.2 (63.3-73.1) 98.3 (91.2-105) 126 (118-135) 3190 

180 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Perchlorate 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 3.72 (3.46-4.01) 3.70 (3.40-3.90) 6.20 (5.60-6.90) 10.0 (8.90-12.0) 14.0 (12.0-18.0) 1618 

03-04 3.39 (3.08-3.73) 3.50 (3.00-4.00) 5.80 (5.20-6.70) 10.0 (8.80-12.0) 14.0 (13.0-16.0) 2522 

05-06 3.47 (3.20-3.76) 3.62 (3.35-3.98) 6.10 (5.67-6.52) 9.76 (9.19-10.5) 13.4 (12.4-14.6) 7697 

07-08 3.88 (3.60-4.18) 3.96 (3.59-4.30) 7.10 (6.50-7.74) 12.0 (11.2-13.0) 17.3 (16.1-18.8) 7629 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 5.19 (4.44-6.05) 5.50 (4.60-6.70) 8.50 (7.20-10.0) 13.0 (9.80-20.0) 20.0 (13.0-24.0) 374 

03-04 4.54 (3.85-5.36) 4.80 (4.20-5.50) 8.30 (6.00-10.0) 14.0 (9.20-17.0) 17.0 (12.0-30.0) 314 

05-06 4.64 (4.15-5.18) 4.81 (4.26-5.38) 7.67 (6.71-8.60) 11.6 (10.0-12.7) 14.1 (12.4-16.3) 1054 

07-08 4.88 (4.31-5.53) 4.86 (4.22-5.93) 9.11 (7.84-10.3) 14.4 (12.1-16.9) 18.9 (16.1-23.2) 1143 

12-19 years 01-02 4.00 (3.62-4.42) 4.60 (4.00-5.00) 7.10 (6.60-7.70) 10.0 (9.70-12.0) 14.0 (12.0-18.0) 828 

03-04 3.81 (3.35-4.33) 4.00 (3.40-4.60) 6.70 (5.80-7.40) 10.0 (8.20-13.0) 14.0 (10.0-19.0) 721 

05-06 4.14 (3.77-4.53) 4.25 (3.94-4.65) 7.00 (6.41-7.69) 10.9 (9.71-12.4) 15.6 (12.4-17.9) 2106 

07-08 4.50 (4.06-4.97) 4.73 (4.39-5.05) 7.93 (6.89-8.89) 13.0 (11.1-15.4) 17.7 (15.8-20.2) 1135 

20 years and older 01-02 3.53 (3.24-3.84) 3.70 (3.40-3.90) 6.20 (5.60-6.90) 10.0 (8.90-12.0) 14.0 (12.0-18.0) 1618 

03-04 3.21 (2.89-3.56) 3.40 (2.80-3.80) 5.50 (4.90-6.40) 9.50 (8.30-10.0) 13.0 (12.0-15.0) 1487 

05-06 3.27 (3.01-3.55) 3.42 (3.14-3.72) 5.75 (5.33-6.21) 9.38 (8.73-9.86) 13.1 (12.2-14.5) 4537 

07-08 3.70 (3.43-3.99) 3.69 (3.42-4.09) 6.75 (6.09-7.38) 11.6 (10.8-12.7) 16.8 (15.4-18.7) 5351 

Gender 

Males 01-02 4.41 (4.13-4.70) 4.60 (4.40-4.80) 7.40 (6.70-8.30) 12.0 (10.0-13.0) 15.0 (12.0-20.0) 1335 

03-04 3.95 (3.56-4.37) 4.10 (3.60-4.60) 6.70 (5.90-7.90) 12.0 (9.70-13.0) 15.0 (14.0-18.0) 1229 

05-06 3.93 (3.64-4.25) 4.07 (3.77-4.38) 6.50 (6.11-6.92) 10.4 (9.65-11.6) 14.7 (13.2-16.3) 3765 

07-08 4.40 (4.13-4.70) 4.42 (4.12-4.78) 7.90 (7.16-8.46) 13.3 (12.0-14.4) 18.6 (17.0-19.7) 3839 

Females 01-02 3.17 (2.89-3.48) 3.30 (2.80-3.60) 5.70 (5.20-6.30) 9.70 (8.60-12.0) 14.0 (12.0-18.0) 1485 

03-04 2.93 (2.62-3.28) 3.00 (2.60-3.40) 5.10 (4.60-5.80) 8.60 (7.20-10.0) 12.0 (9.20-16.0) 1293 

05-06 3.08 (2.80-3.38) 3.24 (2.96-3.51) 5.55 (5.14-6.07) 9.20 (8.22-10.3) 12.4 (11.3-14.2) 3932 

07-08 3.42 (3.11-3.76) 3.44 (3.10-3.79) 6.41 (5.95-7.01) 10.8 (10.0-12.0) 16.0 (14.1-17.9) 3790 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 4.23 (3.65-4.90) 4.60 (3.90-5.20) 7.40 (6.10-8.80) 13.0 (9.90-14.0) 15.0 (13.0-19.0) 708 

03-04 3.96 (3.63-4.32) 4.20 (3.70-4.60) 6.50 (5.60-7.90) 12.0 (9.50-13.0) 16.0 (13.0-18.0) 617 

05-06 4.02 (3.77-4.28) 4.16 (3.84-4.46) 6.93 (6.62-7.26) 11.3 (10.4-12.0) 15.7 (14.6-16.8) 1972 

07-08 4.20 (3.95-4.46) 4.38 (4.08-4.65) 7.32 (6.73-7.95) 12.1 (10.9-14.0) 16.7 (15.0-17.7) 1505 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 3.69 (3.22-4.23) 3.90 (3.30-4.30) 6.20 (5.30-7.30) 9.70 (8.20-13.0) 16.0 (12.0-21.0) 681 

03-04 3.38 (3.05-3.74) 3.40 (3.00-3.70) 5.70 (4.80-6.60) 9.00 (7.90-12.0) 14.0 (9.80-18.0) 652 

05-06 3.48 (3.19-3.80) 3.54 (3.24-3.94) 5.95 (5.33-6.65) 9.99 (9.02-11.0) 14.4 (12.8-15.7) 2078 

07-08 3.82 (3.37-4.33) 3.82 (3.37-4.48) 6.96 (6.18-7.97) 12.0 (10.6-13.8) 17.2 (14.3-20.6) 1707 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 3.70 (3.35-4.08) 3.90 (3.60-4.30) 6.60 (6.00-7.40) 10.0 (9.20-12.0) 15.0 (12.0-19.0) 1228 

03-04 3.43 (3.04-3.86) 3.50 (2.90-4.20) 5.90 (5.10-7.10) 9.90 (8.50-12.0) 14.0 (12.0-16.0) 1092 

05-06 3.42 (3.08-3.80) 3.59 (3.23-4.04) 6.05 (5.52-6.55) 9.62 (8.90-10.5) 13.2 (11.9-14.8) 3056 

07-08 3.84 (3.52-4.18) 3.93 (3.48-4.36) 7.07 (6.37-7.77) 11.7 (10.8-12.7) 16.8 (15.3-18.4) 3190 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.05, 0.05, 0.05, and 0.05 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Perchlorate_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Perchlorate_FactSheet.html

181 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Perchlorate (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 3.74 (3.51-3.99) 3.70 (3.40-3.90) 6.20 (5.60-6.90) 10.0 (8.90-12.0) 14.0 (12.0-18.0) 1618 

03-04 3.31 (3.04-3.59) 3.18 (2.90-3.45) 5.19 (4.80-5.55) 8.86 (7.69-10.0) 12.4 (11.2-14.5) 2519 

05-06 3.46 (3.27-3.66) 3.37 (3.17-3.59) 5.42 (5.08-5.86) 8.56 (8.19-9.17) 11.6 (10.4-13.4) 7697 

07-08 4.00 (3.69-4.33) 3.89 (3.59-4.26) 6.59 (6.10-7.13) 10.9 (10.1-11.8) 15.7 (14.6-16.8) 7628 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 6.01 (5.49-6.57) 5.50 (4.60-6.70) 8.50 (7.20-10.0) 13.0 (9.80-20.0) 20.0 (13.0-24.0) 374 

03-04 5.52 (4.86-6.28) 5.34 (4.92-5.78) 7.64 (6.67-10.5) 13.5 (9.66-21.3) 21.3 (12.0-46.9) 314 

05-06 5.51 (5.06-6.00) 5.66 (5.08-6.22) 8.39 (7.61-9.25) 12.3 (10.3-13.6) 15.4 (14.3-17.0) 1054 

07-08 6.21 (5.52-6.99) 6.34 (5.56-7.10) 9.78 (8.63-11.3) 14.7 (13.3-16.0) 20.6 (16.4-25.0) 1143 

12-19 years 01-02 3.10 (2.77-3.46) 4.60 (4.00-5.00) 7.10 (6.60-7.70) 10.0 (9.70-12.0) 14.0 (12.0-18.0) 828 

03-04 2.85 (2.59-3.14) 2.83 (2.62-3.17) 4.39 (3.88-4.67) 6.63 (5.56-7.82) 8.62 (7.24-11.4) 719 

05-06 3.14 (2.89-3.41) 3.17 (2.87-3.40) 4.86 (4.32-5.41) 7.30 (6.40-8.43) 9.54 (8.46-11.0) 2106 

07-08 3.52 (3.27-3.78) 3.43 (3.07-3.80) 5.62 (5.13-6.11) 8.84 (7.70-9.73) 12.6 (10.4-15.8) 1134 

20 years and older 01-02 3.64 (3.37-3.93) 3.70 (3.40-3.90) 6.20 (5.60-6.90) 10.0 (8.90-12.0) 14.0 (12.0-18.0) 1618 

03-04 3.18 (2.90-3.49) 3.02 (2.74-3.33) 4.94 (4.53-5.35) 8.64 (7.18-10.0) 11.7 (10.3-15.2) 1486 

05-06 3.34 (3.15-3.53) 3.24 (3.08-3.45) 5.12 (4.82-5.45) 8.24 (7.67-8.64) 11.4 (10.0-13.0) 4537 

07-08 3.88 (3.57-4.22) 3.77 (3.49-4.14) 6.35 (5.85-6.91) 10.5 (9.64-11.5) 15.4 (13.6-16.9) 5351 

Gender 

Males 01-02 3.57 (3.36-3.79) 4.60 (4.40-4.80) 7.40 (6.70-8.30) 12.0 (10.0-13.0) 15.0 (12.0-20.0) 1335 

03-04 3.23 (2.96-3.52) 3.09 (2.83-3.33) 5.00 (4.60-5.55) 8.00 (6.86-10.2) 12.5 (10.2-15.3) 1228 

05-06 3.25 (3.08-3.44) 3.16 (2.99-3.36) 4.98 (4.71-5.37) 8.07 (7.60-8.58) 11.0 (10.0-12.9) 3765 

07-08 3.78 (3.47-4.12) 3.64 (3.28-4.03) 6.29 (5.72-6.85) 10.3 (9.28-11.3) 14.4 (13.1-15.5) 3839 

Females 01-02 3.92 (3.57-4.30) 3.30 (2.80-3.60) 5.70 (5.20-6.30) 9.70 (8.60-12.0) 14.0 (12.0-18.0) 1485 

03-04 3.38 (3.02-3.78) 3.28 (2.90-3.61) 5.24 (4.73-6.00) 9.40 (7.24-11.4) 12.4 (10.7-15.2) 1291 

05-06 3.67 (3.43-3.93) 3.58 (3.31-3.91) 5.86 (5.39-6.19) 9.21 (8.35-9.77) 12.1 (10.5-14.5) 3932 

07-08 4.22 (3.90-4.56) 4.16 (3.81-4.55) 6.89 (6.40-7.54) 11.5 (10.4-12.6) 16.6 (14.5-18.6) 3789 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 3.96 (3.39-4.63) 4.60 (3.90-5.20) 7.40 (6.10-8.80) 13.0 (9.90-14.0) 15.0 (13.0-19.0) 708 

03-04 3.59 (3.32-3.88) 3.45 (3.10-3.68) 5.69 (4.82-6.45) 9.77 (8.00-11.2) 13.5 (11.2-20.0) 616 

05-06 3.75 (3.56-3.95) 3.60 (3.42-3.81) 5.97 (5.53-6.48) 9.83 (9.19-10.4) 12.7 (11.3-14.5) 1972 

07-08 4.20 (3.96-4.46) 4.17 (3.81-4.58) 6.95 (6.33-7.73) 11.8 (10.4-12.3) 15.7 (14.4-17.6) 1505 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 2.66 (2.35-3.01) 3.90 (3.30-4.30) 6.20 (5.30-7.30) 9.70 (8.20-13.0) 16.0 (12.0-21.0) 681 

03-04 2.33 (2.11-2.57) 2.24 (2.02-2.47) 3.60 (3.22-4.13) 6.54 (4.91-8.47) 9.02 (6.84-11.8) 651 

05-06 2.50 (2.32-2.69) 2.40 (2.24-2.61) 3.97 (3.69-4.26) 6.71 (6.30-7.13) 9.41 (8.53-10.4) 2078 

07-08 2.89 (2.60-3.21) 2.76 (2.47-3.17) 4.92 (4.36-5.54) 8.63 (7.43-9.78) 11.8 (10.6-13.6) 1706 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 3.95 (3.64-4.29) 3.90 (3.60-4.30) 6.60 (6.00-7.40) 10.0 (9.20-12.0) 15.0 (12.0-19.0) 1228 

03-04 3.53 (3.16-3.94) 3.35 (3.01-3.68) 5.29 (4.81-5.96) 9.23 (7.61-11.0) 12.8 (11.0-16.5) 1091 

05-06 3.63 (3.36-3.91) 3.51 (3.20-3.85) 5.60 (5.10-6.10) 8.58 (7.98-9.42) 11.8 (10.0-14.3) 3056 

07-08 4.17 (3.83-4.54) 4.06 (3.71-4.52) 6.63 (6.18-7.23) 10.8 (9.86-11.8) 15.5 (14.0-16.8) 3190 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Perchlorate_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Perchlorate_FactSheet.html

182 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Thiocyanate 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in mg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 1.52 (1.44-1.61) 1.50 (1.40-1.60) 3.60 (3.00-4.10) 7.90 (6.90-9.00) 12.0 (10.0-13.0) 1617 

05-06 1.23 (1.12-1.35) 1.18 (1.08-1.31) 2.55 (2.31-2.83) 6.11 (5.10-6.85) 9.04 (8.14-9.93) 7697 

07-08 1.35 (1.26-1.45) 1.32 (1.23-1.42) 2.77 (2.47-3.13) 6.36 (5.39-7.33) 9.54 (8.58-11.1) 7629 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 1.35 (1.20-1.51) 1.50 (1.30-1.70) 2.50 (1.90-3.00) 3.70 (3.30-4.10) 4.90 (3.90-5.60) 374 

05-06 .980 (.892-1.08) 1.03 (.916-1.15) 1.72 (1.55-1.92) 2.65 (2.31-3.09) 3.45 (2.96-4.21) 1054 

07-08 1.10 (.989-1.22) 1.12 (1.02-1.24) 1.88 (1.68-2.07) 2.92 (2.48-3.52) 4.08 (3.35-5.30) 1143 

12-19 years 01-02 1.59 (1.43-1.77) 1.50 (1.40-1.70) 2.90 (2.50-3.30) 5.30 (4.30-7.40) 7.70 (5.90-10.0) 826 

05-06 1.24 (1.11-1.39) 1.29 (1.15-1.47) 2.27 (1.99-2.62) 3.84 (3.18-4.65) 6.07 (4.76-6.95) 2106 

07-08 1.29 (1.15-1.46) 1.35 (1.14-1.53) 2.39 (2.06-2.69) 3.93 (3.36-4.57) 6.14 (4.55-7.27) 1135 

20 years and older 01-02 1.54 (1.43-1.65) 1.50 (1.40-1.60) 3.60 (3.00-4.10) 7.90 (6.90-9.00) 12.0 (10.0-13.0) 1617 

05-06 1.26 (1.14-1.40) 1.19 (1.08-1.34) 2.82 (2.50-3.15) 6.87 (6.06-7.58) 9.79 (8.78-10.7) 4537 

07-08 1.39 (1.29-1.50) 1.34 (1.25-1.46) 3.11 (2.68-3.57) 7.21 (6.05-8.31) 10.8 (8.99-12.0) 5351 

Gender 

Males 01-02 1.86 (1.67-2.07) 1.80 (1.60-2.10) 4.00 (3.40-4.90) 8.40 (7.00-10.0) 12.0 (10.0-13.0) 1335 

05-06 1.49 (1.36-1.64) 1.44 (1.27-1.62) 3.10 (2.82-3.56) 6.90 (6.13-7.64) 9.93 (8.99-10.7) 3765 

07-08 1.61 (1.50-1.72) 1.60 (1.50-1.71) 3.32 (2.96-3.77) 7.27 (6.01-8.22) 10.9 (9.04-12.3) 3839 

Females 01-02 1.26 (1.16-1.36) 1.30 (1.00-1.40) 2.50 (2.40-2.80) 6.00 (5.20-6.70) 8.70 (7.20-10.0) 1482 

05-06 1.02 (.920-1.13) .995 (.886-1.13) 2.07 (1.86-2.25) 4.61 (3.81-5.98) 8.04 (7.26-8.78) 3932 

07-08 1.14 (1.04-1.24) 1.09 (.991-1.19) 2.31 (2.06-2.62) 5.51 (4.58-6.52) 8.59 (7.36-9.85) 3790 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 1.14 (.977-1.33) 1.20 (.940-1.40) 2.20 (1.80-2.60) 3.90 (3.00-4.90) 5.70 (4.20-6.60) 707 

05-06 .823 (.744-.912) .844 (.763-.937) 1.51 (1.36-1.71) 2.70 (2.26-3.22) 4.48 (3.49-5.40) 1972 

07-08 .993 (.926-1.06) 1.04 (.987-1.11) 1.88 (1.75-2.02) 3.30 (2.98-3.52) 4.56 (3.92-5.43) 1505 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 1.91 (1.72-2.11) 2.00 (1.80-2.20) 3.90 (3.30-4.90) 7.60 (6.20-10.0) 10.0 (7.00-15.0) 679 

05-06 1.50 (1.32-1.72) 1.51 (1.36-1.68) 3.13 (2.56-3.81) 6.94 (5.66-8.09) 10.3 (8.01-12.4) 2078 

07-08 1.73 (1.61-1.86) 1.73 (1.61-1.86) 3.78 (3.53-4.23) 8.29 (7.25-9.07) 12.8 (11.2-14.5) 1707 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 1.56 (1.45-1.68) 1.50 (1.40-1.70) 3.40 (2.80-3.80) 7.20 (6.30-8.50) 12.0 (8.90-13.0) 1228 

05-06 1.30 (1.18-1.44) 1.25 (1.12-1.40) 2.74 (2.46-3.01) 6.53 (5.57-7.31) 9.43 (8.58-10.4) 3056 

07-08 1.42 (1.29-1.56) 1.41 (1.28-1.53) 2.98 (2.52-3.44) 6.67 (5.24-8.14) 9.71 (8.32-11.9) 3190 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.02, 0.02, and 0.02 respectively. 

183 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Thiocyanate (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in mg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 1.53 (1.43-1.64) 1.47 (1.37-1.61) 3.35 (2.95-3.74) 7.34 (6.67-7.81) 10.3 (8.81-11.3) 1616 

05-06 1.23 (1.13-1.33) 1.15 (1.05-1.27) 2.44 (2.18-2.68) 5.67 (5.16-6.28) 8.23 (7.71-8.98) 7697 

07-08 1.39 (1.28-1.51) 1.33 (1.22-1.43) 2.72 (2.42-3.04) 6.11 (5.25-7.30) 9.59 (8.03-11.5) 7628 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 1.56 (1.35-1.80) 1.55 (1.35-1.82) 2.67 (2.33-3.13) 4.46 (3.79-5.20) 5.33 (4.58-6.16) 374 

05-06 1.16 (1.06-1.28) 1.18 (1.06-1.34) 2.03 (1.81-2.32) 3.15 (2.83-3.43) 4.25 (3.49-4.58) 1054 

07-08 1.40 (1.27-1.54) 1.42 (1.24-1.59) 2.28 (2.02-2.53) 3.74 (3.29-4.26) 5.23 (4.39-6.65) 1143 

12-19 years 01-02 1.23 (1.12-1.35) 1.14 (1.08-1.24) 2.12 (1.78-2.45) 3.88 (3.28-4.91) 5.75 (3.93-8.13) 825 

05-06 .941 (.867-1.02) .937 (.855-1.03) 1.69 (1.51-1.86) 2.95 (2.43-3.64) 4.15 (3.64-5.00) 2106 

07-08 1.01 (.910-1.12) 1.04 (.906-1.17) 1.75 (1.60-1.92) 2.94 (2.49-3.54) 4.69 (3.64-5.44) 1134 

20 years and older 01-02 1.59 (1.47-1.71) 1.47 (1.37-1.61) 3.35 (2.95-3.74) 7.34 (6.67-7.81) 10.3 (8.81-11.3) 1616 

05-06 1.29 (1.17-1.42) 1.20 (1.08-1.33) 2.68 (2.37-3.10) 6.43 (5.88-7.07) 8.99 (8.23-10.2) 4537 

07-08 1.46 (1.34-1.59) 1.37 (1.27-1.47) 3.00 (2.69-3.45) 7.02 (5.82-8.26) 10.5 (8.63-12.9) 5351 

Gender 

Males 01-02 1.51 (1.37-1.67) 1.42 (1.31-1.59) 3.33 (3.00-3.67) 6.38 (5.81-6.92) 8.51 (7.41-9.72) 1335 

05-06 1.24 (1.12-1.37) 1.18 (1.05-1.32) 2.61 (2.26-3.01) 5.67 (5.00-6.43) 8.17 (7.15-9.13) 3765 

07-08 1.38 (1.28-1.50) 1.32 (1.23-1.42) 2.77 (2.42-3.08) 6.13 (5.47-6.97) 9.27 (7.82-11.1) 3839 

Females 01-02 1.55 (1.43-1.69) 1.45 (1.33-1.58) 2.79 (2.42-3.25) 7.07 (5.86-7.69) 10.0 (8.18-11.1) 1480 

05-06 1.22 (1.12-1.33) 1.13 (1.04-1.24) 2.27 (2.00-2.54) 5.62 (4.91-6.37) 8.40 (7.20-10.5) 3932 

07-08 1.40 (1.27-1.55) 1.34 (1.19-1.45) 2.69 (2.40-3.03) 6.07 (4.89-7.80) 9.88 (7.93-12.1) 3789 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 1.07 (.898-1.27) 1.06 (.819-1.29) 1.97 (1.51-2.50) 3.62 (2.86-4.52) 5.10 (3.52-7.33) 707 

05-06 .768 (.685-.861) .773 (.684-.881) 1.37 (1.20-1.59) 2.44 (2.19-2.85) 3.66 (3.28-4.27) 1972 

07-08 .995 (.923-1.07) 1.03 (.918-1.14) 1.88 (1.71-2.05) 3.27 (2.77-3.76) 4.59 (3.86-5.59) 1505 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 1.37 (1.18-1.59) 1.37 (1.18-1.61) 2.80 (2.21-3.43) 5.67 (4.17-6.74) 7.64 (5.91-11.3) 678 

05-06 1.08 (.972-1.20) 1.05 (.972-1.16) 2.15 (1.84-2.57) 4.77 (3.93-5.61) 6.91 (5.84-7.80) 2078 

07-08 1.31 (1.21-1.41) 1.25 (1.18-1.36) 2.81 (2.55-3.24) 6.19 (5.29-6.77) 8.74 (7.44-9.59) 1706 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 1.67 (1.55-1.80) 1.55 (1.42-1.73) 3.29 (3.00-3.73) 7.09 (6.38-7.95) 10.3 (8.78-11.1) 1227 

05-06 1.38 (1.25-1.52) 1.30 (1.14-1.44) 2.78 (2.48-3.12) 6.31 (5.67-7.08) 9.00 (8.13-10.5) 3056 

07-08 1.55 (1.40-1.70) 1.45 (1.32-1.58) 2.96 (2.56-3.53) 7.03 (5.71-8.56) 10.9 (8.70-13.1) 3190 

184 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBuS) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2094 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) 2120 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2100 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2233 

Age group 

12-19 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 640 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) 640 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 357 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 364 

20 years and older 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1454 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) 1480 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1743 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1869 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1053 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) 1048 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1059 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1075 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1041 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) 1072 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1041 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1158 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 485 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) 499 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 391 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 461 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 538 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) 544 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 419 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 391 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 962 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.400) 935 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 931 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1031 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.4, 0.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_FactSheet.html

185 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDeA) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.700) .600 (.400-1.10) 1562 

03-04 * < LOD .300 (<LOD-.500) .600 (.400-1.10) .900 (.500-1.80) 2094 

05-06 .355 (.297-.423) .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.400-.700) .900 (.600-1.60) 1.50 (.900-2.60) 2120 

07-08 .286 (.264-.309) .300 (.300-.300) .400 (.400-.500) .700 (.600-.700) .900 (.800-1.00) 2100 

09-10 .279 (.258-.303) .300 (.300-.300) .400 (.400-.500) .700 (.600-.800) .900 (.800-1.10) 2233 

Age group 

12-19 years 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.400) .400 (.300-.600) 543 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .500 (<LOD-1.00) .800 (.300-1.20) 640 

05-06 .295 (.258-.338) .300 (.200-.300) .500 (.400-.500) .600 (.500-.800) .800 (.600-1.60) 640 

07-08 .231 (.214-.248) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.400-.500) .600 (.500-.700) 357 

09-10 .220 (.198-.245) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.300-.300) .400 (.400-.600) .600 (.400-.800) 364 

20 years and older 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.800) .600 (.400-1.50) 1019 

03-04 * < LOD .400 (<LOD-.500) .700 (.400-1.00) .900 (.500-1.80) 1454 

05-06 .364 (.303-.438) .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.400-.700) 1.00 (.600-1.70) 1.50 (.900-2.60) 1480 

07-08 .295 (.271-.321) .300 (.300-.300) .400 (.400-.500) .700 (.600-.800) .900 (.800-1.10) 1743 

09-10 .289 (.265-.314) .300 (.300-.300) .400 (.400-.500) .700 (.600-.800) .900 (.800-1.20) 1869 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.700) .500 (.300-1.90) 743 

03-04 * < LOD .400 (<LOD-.500) .800 (.400-1.40) 1.10 (.600-2.10) 1053 

05-06 .381 (.318-.456) .400 (.300-.400) .600 (.400-.800) 1.00 (.600-2.20) 1.70 (1.00-2.60) 1048 

07-08 .306 (.283-.331) .300 (.300-.300) .400 (.400-.500) .700 (.600-.800) .900 (.800-1.20) 1059 

09-10 .289 (.264-.318) .300 (.300-.300) .400 (.400-.500) .600 (.500-.800) .800 (.600-1.20) 1075 

Females 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.800) .600 (.400-1.40) 819 

03-04 * < LOD .300 (<LOD-.400) .500 (.400-.800) .800 (.500-1.20) 1041 

05-06 .331 (.277-.396) .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.400-.600) .900 (.600-1.40) 1.30 (.800-2.30) 1072 

07-08 .267 (.245-.292) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.400-.500) .600 (.500-.800) .800 (.700-1.10) 1041 

09-10 .270 (.248-.295) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.400-.500) .700 (.600-.800) 1.00 (.800-1.10) 1158 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-1.50) 584 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .500 (.400-.500) .600 (.500-.800) 485 

05-06 .283 (.245-.327) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.500) .600 (.500-1.00) 1.00 (.500-2.40) 499 

07-08 .253 (.222-.289) .200 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.500) .600 (.400-.700) .600 (.500-1.40) 391 

09-10 .242 (.215-.272) .200 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.400) .500 (.500-.600) .700 (.600-.800) 461 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .400 (.200-.700) .800 (.500-1.20) 1.10 (.600-2.30) 303 

03-04 * < LOD .400 (<LOD-.700) .800 (.400-1.50) 1.00 (.500-3.10) 538 

05-06 .405 (.309-.531) .400 (.300-.500) .600 (.400-.900) 1.20 (.600-2.90) 2.30 (1.10-3.70) 544 

07-08 .331 (.298-.368) .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.400-.600) .800 (.600-.900) 1.00 (.800-1.50) 419 

09-10 .336 (.298-.379) .300 (.300-.300) .500 (.400-.600) .800 (.600-1.00) 1.10 (.800-2.60) 391 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.600) .500 (.400-.800) 519 

03-04 * < LOD .300 (<LOD-.500) .600 (.400-1.00) .900 (.500-1.80) 962 

05-06 .350 (.294-.417) .300 (.300-.400) .500 (.400-.700) .900 (.600-1.50) 1.40 (.800-2.30) 935 

07-08 .276 (.254-.301) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.400-.500) .600 (.500-.700) .900 (.700-.900) 931 

09-10 .270 (.240-.304) .300 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.500) .600 (.500-.800) .800 (.600-1.10) 1031 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.2, 0.3, 0.2, 0.2, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_FactSheet.html

186 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) 1562 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2094 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2120 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2100 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2233 

Age group 

12-19 years 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) 543 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 640 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 640 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 357 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 364 

20 years and older 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) 1019 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1454 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1480 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1743 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) 1869 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) 743 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1053 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1048 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1059 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1075 

Females 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) 819 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1041 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1072 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1041 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) 1158 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) 584 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 485 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 499 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 391 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 461 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) 303 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 538 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 544 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 419 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.400) 391 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) 519 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 962 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 935 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 931 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1031 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.2, 1.0, 0.2, 0.2, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_FactSheet.html

187 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * .400 (.400-.400) .400 (.400-.400) .500 (.400-.600) .700 (.500-1.00) 1562 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .400 (<LOD-.500) 2094 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .700 (<LOD-1.70) 2120 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .500 (.400-.600) 2100 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) 2233 

Age group 

12-19 years 99-00 * .400 (.400-.400) .400 (.400-.500) .800 (.600-1.10) 1.20 (.800-1.80) 543 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .400 (<LOD-.600) .600 (.500-.900) 640 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .700 (<LOD-1.10) 1.10 (.600-2.70) 640 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .500 (<LOD-.600) .600 (.500-.700) 357 

09-10 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.400) .400 (.200-.500) 364 

20 years and older 99-00 * .400 (.400-.400) .400 (.400-.400) .400 (.400-.500) .600 (.400-.900) 1019 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1454 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .600 (<LOD-2.10) 1480 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .500 (<LOD-.500) 1743 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.200) 1869 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * .400 (.400-.400) .400 (.400-.400) .500 (.400-.600) .700 (.500-1.00) 743 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.400) 1053 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .400 (<LOD-1.00) .800 (<LOD-2.10) 1048 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .600 (.400-.700) 1059 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) 1075 

Females 99-00 * .400 (.400-.400) .400 (.400-.400) .500 (.400-.700) .700 (.400-1.20) 819 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .400 (.300-.600) 1041 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .600 (<LOD-1.30) 1072 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .500 (.400-.500) 1041 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) 1158 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * .400 (.400-.400) .400 (.400-.400) .500 (.400-.900) .900 (.500-1.30) 584 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .500 (<LOD-.900) 485 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .500 (<LOD-1.50) 499 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .500 (<LOD-.500) 391 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) 461 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * .400 (.400-.400) .400 (.400-.400) .400 (.400-.500) .600 (.400-1.20) 303 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 538 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .500 (<LOD-1.80) 544 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .600 (.400-.700) 419 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.200) 391 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * .400 (.400-.400) .400 (.400-.400) .400 (.400-.600) .600 (.500-.900) 519 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.500) 962 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .800 (<LOD-2.10) 935 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .500 (.400-.700) 931 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) 1031 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.4, 0.3, 0.4, 0.4, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_FactSheet.html

188 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 2.13 (1.91-2.38) 2.10 (1.80-2.30) 3.40 (3.10-4.00) 5.80 (5.20-6.90) 8.70 (7.00-10.0) 1562 

03-04 1.93 (1.73-2.16) 1.90 (1.70-2.10) 3.30 (2.80-3.90) 5.90 (4.80-7.20) 8.30 (7.10-9.70) 2094 

05-06 1.67 (1.42-1.98) 1.80 (1.50-2.10) 3.20 (2.60-4.00) 5.40 (4.40-7.10) 8.30 (5.80-11.9) 2120 

07-08 1.95 (1.76-2.17) 2.00 (1.80-2.10) 3.50 (3.10-4.00) 5.90 (4.90-8.30) 9.80 (6.10-15.2) 2100 

09-10 1.66 (1.51-1.82) 1.70 (1.50-1.90) 3.00 (2.60-3.30) 4.80 (4.40-5.30) 6.90 (5.90-7.60) 2233 

Age group 

12-19 years 99-00 2.69 (2.14-3.39) 2.50 (2.00-3.70) 5.00 (3.60-6.50) 8.00 (5.80-12.9) 12.9 (6.90-16.4) 543 

03-04 2.44 (2.05-2.90) 2.40 (1.80-3.20) 4.90 (4.00-6.30) 9.50 (6.80-12.5) 13.3 (9.90-19.6) 640 

05-06 2.09 (1.74-2.52) 2.40 (2.00-2.90) 4.30 (3.70-5.40) 9.50 (6.40-13.1) 14.1 (9.80-17.8) 640 

07-08 2.40 (2.09-2.75) 2.30 (1.80-2.70) 4.30 (3.70-5.70) 9.90 (6.50-12.5) 15.9 (11.1-21.5) 357 

09-10 2.03 (1.77-2.33) 1.90 (1.60-2.10) 3.80 (3.20-4.20) 8.10 (6.30-9.70) 12.3 (8.60-19.0) 364 

20 years and older 99-00 2.05 (1.85-2.28) 2.00 (1.80-2.30) 3.30 (3.00-3.70) 5.40 (4.90-5.90) 8.20 (6.70-9.50) 1019 

03-04 1.86 (1.67-2.08) 1.80 (1.60-2.10) 3.00 (2.60-3.60) 5.50 (4.50-6.70) 7.60 (6.30-9.40) 1454 

05-06 1.62 (1.37-1.92) 1.70 (1.50-2.10) 3.10 (2.50-3.80) 5.20 (4.20-6.50) 7.20 (5.10-11.6) 1480 

07-08 1.90 (1.69-2.13) 1.90 (1.70-2.10) 3.30 (2.90-3.90) 5.80 (4.50-8.00) 9.00 (5.60-15.0) 1743 

09-10 1.61 (1.45-1.79) 1.70 (1.50-1.90) 2.90 (2.50-3.30) 4.50 (4.00-5.20) 6.00 (5.40-7.10) 1869 

Gender 

Males 99-00 2.61 (2.27-3.01) 2.60 (2.20-3.00) 4.10 (3.50-4.70) 6.60 (5.30-9.40) 10.5 (6.90-15.0) 743 

03-04 2.17 (1.87-2.51) 2.10 (1.80-2.40) 3.40 (2.80-4.50) 6.10 (4.60-8.10) 8.50 (6.50-10.5) 1053 

05-06 2.08 (1.76-2.45) 2.20 (1.80-2.70) 3.70 (3.20-4.60) 6.40 (4.80-9.30) 9.50 (6.70-13.7) 1048 

07-08 2.63 (2.36-2.94) 2.60 (2.40-2.80) 4.20 (3.80-4.90) 7.30 (5.50-11.0) 11.4 (7.10-18.1) 1059 

09-10 2.21 (1.99-2.46) 2.20 (1.90-2.50) 3.40 (3.00-4.00) 5.50 (5.00-6.40) 7.80 (6.50-9.90) 1075 

Females 99-00 1.79 (1.56-2.06) 1.70 (1.50-2.10) 2.80 (2.30-3.50) 5.10 (4.10-6.70) 8.00 (5.70-9.00) 819 

03-04 1.72 (1.56-1.91) 1.60 (1.40-1.80) 2.90 (2.50-3.50) 5.80 (4.60-7.10) 8.20 (6.70-10.0) 1041 

05-06 1.37 (1.15-1.63) 1.50 (1.20-1.70) 2.80 (2.20-3.30) 4.60 (3.90-5.80) 6.60 (5.60-9.30) 1072 

07-08 1.46 (1.30-1.64) 1.40 (1.30-1.50) 2.60 (2.20-3.10) 4.70 (3.80-6.10) 7.50 (5.00-12.5) 1041 

09-10 1.26 (1.14-1.40) 1.30 (1.20-1.40) 2.20 (2.00-2.60) 4.00 (3.50-4.50) 5.40 (4.70-6.50) 1158 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 1.47 (1.13-1.92) 1.50 (1.00-2.00) 2.80 (1.80-3.80) 4.50 (3.30-6.90) 6.70 (4.60-9.50) 584 

03-04 1.42 (1.17-1.72) 1.50 (1.20-1.70) 2.30 (1.90-2.90) 4.30 (3.10-5.10) 5.50 (4.00-8.90) 485 

05-06 1.25 (.884-1.76) 1.60 (1.20-2.10) 2.80 (2.50-3.40) 4.30 (3.60-5.20) 6.00 (4.60-7.20) 499 

07-08 1.65 (1.46-1.86) 1.70 (1.40-1.90) 3.00 (2.70-3.40) 5.00 (3.70-6.10) 6.70 (5.20-10.7) 391 

09-10 1.01 (.835-1.22) 1.10 (.800-1.30) 1.80 (1.50-2.20) 3.10 (2.50-3.70) 4.00 (3.20-5.30) 461 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 2.14 (1.58-2.89) 2.10 (1.40-3.00) 3.40 (2.70-5.00) 6.70 (3.90-10.7) 10.7 (6.80-14.3) 303 

03-04 1.92 (1.62-2.26) 1.90 (1.60-2.20) 3.50 (2.80-4.60) 6.00 (5.00-7.10) 8.30 (6.30-12.0) 538 

05-06 1.53 (1.13-2.07) 1.70 (1.40-2.20) 3.30 (2.50-4.10) 5.40 (3.90-7.50) 7.50 (5.30-11.0) 544 

07-08 1.98 (1.55-2.52) 2.10 (1.80-2.50) 3.90 (2.80-5.40) 7.90 (4.20-12.5) 11.1 (5.90-17.2) 419 

09-10 1.44 (1.26-1.64) 1.40 (1.20-1.70) 2.60 (2.10-3.00) 4.40 (3.80-5.20) 6.50 (4.60-8.20) 391 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 2.30 (2.07-2.56) 2.30 (1.90-2.60) 3.60 (3.20-4.20) 5.90 (5.30-7.00) 8.40 (7.00-9.70) 519 

03-04 2.01 (1.77-2.27) 1.90 (1.70-2.20) 3.30 (2.80-4.10) 6.10 (4.70-7.80) 8.20 (6.90-10.1) 962 

05-06 1.79 (1.48-2.17) 1.80 (1.50-2.20) 3.30 (2.70-4.30) 5.60 (4.60-8.20) 9.40 (6.10-13.1) 935 

07-08 2.13 (1.89-2.41) 2.10 (1.80-2.40) 3.70 (3.20-4.20) 6.40 (5.30-9.00) 10.5 (6.50-15.6) 931 

09-10 1.93 (1.77-2.10) 2.00 (1.80-2.20) 3.30 (2.90-3.70) 5.30 (4.80-5.60) 7.30 (6.20-8.80) 1031 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.1, 0.3, 0.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_FactSheet.html

189 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .557 (.463-.671) .600 (.500-.700) .900 (.700-1.00) 1.30 (1.00-1.90) 1.80 (1.30-2.40) 1562 

03-04 .966 (.816-1.14) 1.00 (.900-1.10) 1.50 (1.20-1.80) 2.30 (1.60-4.30) 3.20 (1.80-7.70) 2094 

05-06 1.09 (.909-1.29) 1.10 (.900-1.20) 1.70 (1.30-2.10) 2.60 (1.80-4.20) 3.60 (2.50-5.70) 2120 

07-08 1.48 (1.37-1.61) 1.50 (1.40-1.60) 2.10 (1.90-2.30) 3.20 (2.80-3.50) 4.00 (3.60-4.60) 2100 

09-10 1.54 (1.36-1.75) 1.50 (1.30-1.60) 2.20 (1.80-2.60) 3.30 (2.40-5.20) 4.60 (2.80-8.80) 2233 

Age group 

12-19 years 99-00 .476 (.410-.553) .500 (.400-.600) .700 (.600-.800) .900 (.800-1.10) 1.20 (.900-1.40) 543 

03-04 .852 (.697-1.04) .800 (.700-1.00) 1.20 (1.00-1.60) 1.90 (1.20-3.70) 2.80 (1.30-6.30) 640 

05-06 .929 (.782-1.10) .900 (.800-1.10) 1.40 (1.10-1.80) 2.00 (1.60-2.70) 2.70 (2.10-3.40) 640 

07-08 1.42 (1.27-1.59) 1.40 (1.20-1.60) 1.90 (1.60-2.40) 2.50 (2.00-3.30) 3.10 (2.60-4.00) 357 

09-10 1.34 (1.16-1.55) 1.30 (1.10-1.50) 1.80 (1.60-2.20) 2.70 (1.80-3.60) 3.20 (2.30-5.90) 364 

20 years and older 99-00 .573 (.472-.695) .600 (.500-.700) .900 (.700-1.20) 1.40 (1.00-1.90) 1.90 (1.40-2.40) 1019 

03-04 .984 (.835-1.16) 1.00 (.900-1.10) 1.50 (1.20-1.80) 2.40 (1.60-4.40) 3.40 (1.80-8.40) 1454 

05-06 1.11 (.929-1.33) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.70 (1.30-2.20) 2.60 (1.80-4.40) 3.90 (2.50-5.80) 1480 

07-08 1.49 (1.38-1.62) 1.50 (1.40-1.60) 2.10 (2.00-2.30) 3.20 (2.90-3.60) 4.10 (3.70-4.60) 1743 

09-10 1.57 (1.37-1.80) 1.50 (1.40-1.70) 2.20 (1.90-2.70) 3.30 (2.40-5.70) 4.80 (2.90-10.2) 1869 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .608 (.515-.717) .600 (.500-.700) .900 (.800-1.10) 1.30 (1.10-1.80) 1.70 (1.30-2.40) 743 

03-04 1.09 (.912-1.30) 1.10 (.900-1.20) 1.60 (1.40-1.90) 2.40 (1.70-5.00) 4.00 (1.80-8.70) 1053 

05-06 1.19 (.993-1.43) 1.20 (1.00-1.30) 1.80 (1.40-2.50) 2.90 (1.80-4.60) 3.90 (2.50-6.70) 1048 

07-08 1.66 (1.54-1.79) 1.60 (1.50-1.70) 2.30 (2.10-2.50) 3.50 (3.10-3.80) 4.30 (3.80-5.10) 1059 

09-10 1.67 (1.43-1.94) 1.60 (1.40-1.80) 2.20 (1.90-2.80) 3.40 (2.30-5.90) 5.00 (2.70-14.7) 1075 

Females 99-00 .517 (.419-.638) .500 (.400-.600) .800 (.600-1.00) 1.30 (.900-2.00) 1.80 (1.30-2.60) 819 

03-04 .861 (.721-1.03) .900 (.800-1.00) 1.30 (1.00-1.70) 2.20 (1.40-3.40) 3.00 (1.70-6.10) 1041 

05-06 .992 (.833-1.18) .900 (.800-1.10) 1.50 (1.20-1.90) 2.40 (1.70-3.50) 3.10 (2.10-5.70) 1072 

07-08 1.33 (1.20-1.47) 1.30 (1.20-1.50) 1.90 (1.80-2.10) 2.70 (2.40-3.10) 3.40 (3.10-4.30) 1041 

09-10 1.43 (1.28-1.60) 1.40 (1.20-1.50) 2.10 (1.70-2.50) 3.20 (2.40-4.60) 4.30 (2.80-7.50) 1158 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .349 (.303-.403) .400 (.300-.400) .500 (.400-.700) .700 (.600-.900) .900 (.700-1.30) 584 

03-04 .689 (.586-.809) .700 (.600-.900) 1.10 (.900-1.40) 1.60 (1.30-2.00) 2.00 (1.60-2.80) 485 

05-06 .821 (.710-.951) .800 (.700-.900) 1.20 (1.10-1.40) 1.60 (1.30-2.30) 2.30 (1.50-3.20) 499 

07-08 1.34 (1.18-1.52) 1.40 (1.20-1.60) 1.90 (1.70-2.20) 2.60 (2.20-3.30) 3.30 (2.60-4.00) 391 

09-10 1.21 (1.11-1.33) 1.20 (1.10-1.30) 1.70 (1.60-1.90) 2.50 (2.20-2.90) 3.00 (2.70-3.70) 461 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .765 (.607-.965) .700 (.600-1.00) 1.30 (.800-1.80) 1.90 (1.50-2.50) 2.50 (1.90-2.90) 303 

03-04 1.14 (.834-1.54) 1.10 (.900-1.40) 1.70 (1.20-2.90) 3.20 (1.50-6.50) 4.70 (2.10-9.30) 538 

05-06 1.17 (.916-1.50) 1.20 (.900-1.40) 1.60 (1.30-2.50) 2.60 (1.70-5.60) 4.40 (2.40-8.20) 544 

07-08 1.65 (1.50-1.80) 1.70 (1.50-1.80) 2.30 (2.10-2.60) 3.40 (2.80-4.10) 4.10 (3.40-5.70) 419 

09-10 1.73 (1.57-1.90) 1.70 (1.50-1.90) 2.40 (2.20-2.80) 3.40 (2.90-4.10) 4.10 (3.20-5.90) 391 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .571 (.471-.691) .600 (.500-.700) .900 (.700-1.10) 1.30 (1.00-1.90) 1.70 (1.30-2.30) 519 

03-04 .963 (.826-1.12) .900 (.900-1.10) 1.50 (1.20-1.70) 2.30 (1.60-3.60) 3.00 (1.80-6.20) 962 

05-06 1.10 (.914-1.31) 1.10 (.900-1.20) 1.70 (1.30-2.10) 2.60 (1.80-4.20) 3.50 (2.40-5.70) 935 

07-08 1.48 (1.35-1.64) 1.50 (1.40-1.60) 2.10 (1.80-2.30) 3.10 (2.60-3.70) 3.90 (3.40-4.70) 931 

09-10 1.56 (1.32-1.84) 1.50 (1.30-1.70) 2.20 (1.80-2.70) 3.20 (2.20-6.20) 4.70 (2.50-13.2) 1031 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_FactSheet.html

190 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 5.21 (4.72-5.74) 5.20 (4.80-5.90) 6.90 (6.30-7.80) 9.40 (8.20-11.1) 11.9 (10.9-13.5) 1562 

03-04 3.95 (3.65-4.27) 4.10 (3.80-4.40) 5.80 (5.30-6.40) 7.80 (6.70-9.60) 9.80 (7.40-14.1) 2094 

05-06 3.92 (3.48-4.42) 4.20 (3.80-4.50) 6.20 (5.40-7.20) 9.00 (7.40-11.2) 11.3 (8.80-14.5) 2120 

07-08 4.12 (4.01-4.24) 4.30 (4.20-4.50) 5.90 (5.70-6.20) 7.90 (7.50-8.30) 9.60 (8.90-10.1) 2100 

09-10 3.07 (2.81-3.36) 3.20 (2.90-3.50) 4.60 (4.10-5.10) 6.00 (5.30-7.20) 7.50 (6.20-9.70) 2233 

Age group 

12-19 years 99-00 5.46 (4.98-5.99) 5.60 (4.90-6.10) 6.90 (6.20-7.70) 9.40 (7.70-11.0) 11.6 (10.2-12.5) 543 

03-04 3.89 (3.47-4.35) 4.00 (3.50-4.50) 5.40 (4.60-6.10) 7.00 (5.60-9.20) 8.60 (5.90-12.6) 640 

05-06 3.59 (3.26-3.96) 3.80 (3.30-4.20) 5.40 (4.60-5.90) 6.90 (6.30-7.90) 8.40 (7.30-10.1) 640 

07-08 3.91 (3.71-4.12) 4.00 (3.70-4.40) 5.00 (4.70-5.50) 6.10 (5.70-6.70) 7.30 (6.20-8.00) 357 

09-10 2.74 (2.46-3.05) 2.90 (2.60-3.10) 3.80 (3.30-4.20) 4.80 (4.10-5.30) 5.00 (4.40-7.20) 364 

20 years and older 99-00 5.16 (4.66-5.72) 5.20 (4.70-5.70) 7.00 (6.30-7.80) 9.40 (8.20-11.1) 12.0 (10.8-14.0) 1019 

03-04 3.96 (3.67-4.27) 4.10 (3.90-4.40) 5.90 (5.40-6.50) 7.80 (6.80-9.60) 9.90 (7.60-14.2) 1454 

05-06 3.97 (3.51-4.49) 4.20 (3.80-4.60) 6.40 (5.40-7.50) 9.30 (7.40-11.9) 11.6 (9.00-14.8) 1480 

07-08 4.15 (4.02-4.30) 4.30 (4.20-4.60) 6.10 (5.80-6.50) 8.10 (7.70-8.70) 9.80 (9.00-10.4) 1743 

09-10 3.12 (2.84-3.43) 3.30 (3.00-3.60) 4.70 (4.20-5.30) 6.40 (5.40-7.50) 7.70 (6.30-10.2) 1869 

Gender 

Males 99-00 5.71 (5.17-6.31) 6.00 (5.40-6.50) 7.70 (6.80-8.70) 10.6 (9.00-11.8) 12.1 (11.2-13.1) 743 

03-04 4.47 (4.07-4.91) 4.60 (4.30-5.00) 6.30 (5.70-7.20) 8.40 (6.80-12.5) 10.7 (7.40-17.5) 1053 

05-06 4.69 (4.23-5.20) 4.90 (4.40-5.40) 7.20 (6.10-8.00) 9.90 (8.00-12.2) 12.2 (9.60-15.2) 1048 

07-08 4.80 (4.55-5.06) 4.90 (4.60-5.20) 6.70 (6.30-7.10) 8.70 (8.10-9.30) 10.1 (9.50-11.1) 1059 

09-10 3.53 (3.22-3.87) 3.70 (3.40-4.00) 4.90 (4.50-5.40) 6.80 (5.40-8.00) 7.90 (6.40-10.2) 1075 

Females 99-00 4.80 (4.32-5.34) 4.70 (4.40-5.20) 6.30 (5.60-7.10) 8.30 (7.50-9.90) 11.3 (9.20-14.4) 819 

03-04 3.50 (3.21-3.82) 3.60 (3.30-3.90) 5.20 (4.70-5.80) 7.10 (6.30-8.20) 8.60 (7.40-10.6) 1041 

05-06 3.31 (2.89-3.79) 3.50 (3.10-4.00) 5.20 (4.40-6.00) 7.90 (6.10-9.70) 10.1 (7.50-14.2) 1072 

07-08 3.55 (3.38-3.73) 3.70 (3.50-3.90) 5.20 (4.80-5.60) 7.00 (6.50-7.50) 8.30 (7.20-9.90) 1041 

09-10 2.69 (2.45-2.96) 2.70 (2.50-3.00) 4.10 (3.60-4.70) 5.60 (5.10-6.50) 6.90 (5.80-8.40) 1158 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 3.89 (3.58-4.22) 4.20 (3.80-4.60) 5.80 (5.20-6.30) 7.70 (6.40-8.00) 8.20 (7.70-8.90) 584 

03-04 3.11 (2.84-3.40) 3.30 (3.10-3.70) 4.50 (4.20-5.20) 6.70 (5.70-7.30) 7.60 (6.70-10.5) 485 

05-06 2.62 (2.33-2.95) 2.80 (2.50-3.30) 4.30 (3.80-4.70) 5.80 (5.30-6.70) 7.40 (5.90-8.10) 499 

07-08 3.54 (3.35-3.75) 3.80 (3.50-4.00) 5.20 (4.90-5.60) 6.60 (6.20-7.10) 7.60 (6.80-9.00) 391 

09-10 2.26 (2.00-2.54) 2.40 (2.10-2.60) 3.60 (3.10-3.80) 4.60 (4.00-5.30) 5.40 (4.50-6.60) 461 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 4.78 (4.10-5.57) 4.80 (3.80-5.90) 6.40 (5.90-7.50) 9.00 (7.40-11.5) 11.5 (9.20-14.0) 303 

03-04 3.37 (2.99-3.79) 3.70 (3.20-4.20) 5.20 (4.40-6.30) 7.70 (5.30-11.6) 9.60 (6.50-13.9) 538 

05-06 3.27 (2.61-4.08) 3.70 (3.00-4.20) 5.50 (4.40-6.80) 8.10 (6.00-11.3) 10.4 (7.80-12.3) 544 

07-08 3.86 (3.57-4.16) 4.00 (3.50-4.30) 5.90 (5.20-6.50) 7.80 (7.10-8.70) 9.20 (8.50-10.1) 419 

09-10 2.74 (2.47-3.04) 2.80 (2.60-3.00) 4.00 (3.70-4.40) 5.50 (5.00-6.20) 6.70 (5.60-9.40) 391 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 5.61 (5.06-6.23) 5.60 (4.90-6.20) 7.30 (6.50-8.20) 10.3 (8.40-12.1) 13.0 (11.0-14.9) 519 

03-04 4.18 (3.85-4.53) 4.30 (3.90-4.70) 6.00 (5.50-6.70) 7.90 (7.20-9.20) 9.90 (7.60-13.3) 962 

05-06 4.27 (3.80-4.81) 4.40 (4.00-5.00) 6.60 (5.60-7.80) 9.60 (7.40-12.2) 11.6 (8.80-14.8) 935 

07-08 4.38 (4.20-4.56) 4.60 (4.30-4.70) 6.10 (5.80-6.60) 8.20 (7.80-8.80) 9.90 (9.30-10.6) 931 

09-10 3.36 (3.06-3.69) 3.50 (3.20-3.90) 4.80 (4.40-5.40) 6.60 (5.40-7.80) 7.80 (6.20-10.5) 1031 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_FactSheet.html

191 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 30.4 (27.1-33.9) 30.2 (27.8-33.9) 43.7 (37.5-47.3) 57.0 (50.2-71.7) 75.7 (58.1-97.5) 1562 

03-04 20.7 (19.2-22.3) 21.2 (19.8-22.4) 30.0 (27.5-33.0) 41.3 (35.6-50.0) 54.6 (44.0-66.5) 2094 

05-06 17.1 (16.0-18.2) 17.5 (16.8-18.6) 27.2 (24.9-29.6) 39.4 (34.9-43.1) 47.5 (42.7-56.8) 2120 

07-08 13.2 (12.2-14.2) 13.6 (12.8-14.7) 21.0 (18.9-23.3) 32.6 (29.4-36.3) 40.5 (35.4-47.4) 2100 

09-10 9.32 (8.13-10.7) 9.70 (8.50-10.8) 14.8 (12.9-17.3) 23.7 (18.3-30.2) 32.0 (22.6-48.5) 2233 

Age group 

12-19 years 99-00 29.1 (26.2-32.4) 29.5 (26.9-34.2) 39.0 (35.9-45.0) 52.7 (46.0-56.2) 57.4 (52.7-66.5) 543 

03-04 19.3 (17.5-21.4) 19.9 (17.8-22.0) 27.1 (23.7-30.2) 36.5 (28.6-45.6) 42.6 (35.1-52.1) 640 

05-06 15.0 (14.3-15.7) 14.9 (13.6-16.6) 22.7 (19.7-24.9) 30.6 (27.8-34.1) 38.5 (33.0-44.6) 640 

07-08 11.3 (10.3-12.3) 11.3 (10.3-13.0) 15.9 (15.1-17.7) 21.7 (17.7-28.2) 28.0 (22.0-32.2) 357 

09-10 6.84 (5.81-8.06) 6.90 (6.00-8.40) 10.7 (8.90-12.5) 14.4 (12.4-18.1) 18.1 (13.5-26.0) 364 

20 years and older 99-00 30.6 (27.1-34.4) 30.3 (27.9-33.9) 44.4 (37.9-48.0) 58.0 (50.1-75.7) 78.0 (59.9-107) 1019 

03-04 20.9 (19.3-22.5) 21.4 (19.8-22.8) 30.4 (28.1-33.0) 42.7 (35.7-53.3) 57.8 (45.7-69.4) 1454 

05-06 17.4 (16.2-18.7) 18.0 (17.1-19.4) 27.8 (25.3-30.8) 40.2 (35.6-44.5) 49.6 (42.8-60.7) 1480 

07-08 13.5 (12.4-14.6) 14.0 (13.0-15.5) 21.7 (19.5-24.6) 33.9 (29.9-39.0) 42.8 (37.3-50.3) 1743 

09-10 9.72 (8.45-11.2) 10.1 (8.90-11.2) 15.7 (13.4-18.4) 25.3 (19.3-32.9) 34.1 (23.4-52.7) 1869 

Gender 

Males 99-00 33.4 (29.6-37.6) 34.9 (31.1-37.9) 46.3 (41.2-51.6) 58.4 (50.2-78.3) 78.3 (58.0-108) 743 

03-04 23.2 (21.1-25.6) 23.9 (22.4-25.5) 32.2 (28.8-35.9) 45.3 (35.5-62.7) 62.7 (43.8-81.8) 1053 

05-06 20.5 (19.4-21.8) 21.3 (20.0-22.5) 31.4 (27.9-33.7) 43.3 (38.7-49.7) 54.3 (43.5-80.7) 1048 

07-08 16.3 (15.0-17.7) 17.0 (15.7-17.8) 23.9 (21.6-26.9) 36.4 (33.5-41.1) 45.3 (40.4-53.1) 1059 

09-10 11.5 (9.93-13.3) 11.8 (10.6-12.9) 16.8 (14.3-20.4) 25.7 (19.4-39.7) 37.4 (22.5-72.3) 1075 

Females 99-00 28.0 (24.6-31.8) 27.8 (24.5-30.2) 39.0 (32.7-46.0) 55.4 (46.3-70.2) 75.7 (56.1-98.4) 819 

03-04 18.4 (17.0-20.0) 18.2 (16.9-19.8) 27.4 (23.8-30.2) 39.8 (34.4-42.6) 46.6 (42.3-61.5) 1041 

05-06 14.4 (13.3-15.4) 14.6 (13.5-15.9) 23.3 (21.1-25.3) 34.2 (30.6-37.7) 42.8 (38.0-46.5) 1072 

07-08 10.7 (9.70-11.7) 10.7 (9.80-11.7) 17.2 (15.4-19.1) 28.7 (21.7-32.5) 33.6 (29.9-41.6) 1041 

09-10 7.65 (6.73-8.71) 7.80 (6.70-9.00) 12.0 (10.8-14.4) 21.1 (16.4-26.9) 28.8 (22.3-34.1) 1158 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 22.7 (19.8-25.9) 23.7 (20.8-27.2) 33.0 (27.9-39.7) 41.9 (36.7-54.5) 53.6 (41.3-72.0) 584 

03-04 14.7 (13.0-16.6) 15.9 (13.4-17.9) 21.2 (18.7-23.5) 28.1 (24.1-35.0) 35.5 (28.9-38.5) 485 

05-06 11.2 (10.3-12.2) 11.6 (9.90-13.3) 17.2 (15.4-19.3) 24.9 (22.0-30.3) 31.9 (26.4-40.6) 499 

07-08 10.6 (9.47-11.9) 10.8 (9.70-12.2) 17.1 (14.9-19.2) 26.3 (20.7-30.4) 31.5 (25.7-36.1) 391 

09-10 6.23 (5.28-7.36) 6.10 (5.10-8.10) 11.2 (8.50-14.1) 16.8 (14.9-18.8) 20.4 (17.5-22.7) 461 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 32.9 (26.0-41.6) 32.0 (23.9-45.8) 50.6 (37.4-62.2) 69.3 (60.9-75.9) 81.5 (68.0-129) 303 

03-04 21.6 (19.1-24.4) 22.1 (19.6-24.9) 32.3 (28.1-36.2) 43.8 (37.2-57.3) 57.7 (43.8-78.4) 538 

05-06 18.4 (15.6-21.8) 19.0 (16.7-22.3) 27.6 (24.3-35.5) 45.9 (34.4-58.1) 57.9 (45.0-84.4) 544 

07-08 15.0 (12.6-17.8) 15.2 (12.9-17.7) 25.8 (21.0-33.3) 42.7 (31.5-57.3) 57.3 (43.4-79.2) 419 

09-10 9.11 (7.93-10.5) 9.50 (8.20-11.2) 16.0 (13.4-17.4) 23.0 (20.5-26.1) 28.7 (25.7-39.7) 391 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 32.3 (29.5-35.3) 32.8 (29.5-36.0) 45.1 (40.4-47.4) 56.3 (51.7-70.0) 78.0 (58.0-98.4) 519 

03-04 21.4 (19.9-23.1) 22.0 (20.5-23.0) 30.2 (27.7-33.3) 41.7 (35.7-49.6) 56.3 (44.0-70.0) 962 

05-06 18.1 (17.1-19.1) 18.6 (17.3-19.8) 28.3 (26.1-30.8) 39.7 (35.6-43.3) 46.6 (42.7-54.3) 935 

07-08 13.7 (12.7-14.8) 14.3 (13.2-15.5) 21.1 (18.7-23.7) 32.9 (29.7-36.0) 40.4 (36.1-44.9) 931 

09-10 10.2 (8.69-11.9) 10.4 (9.20-11.5) 15.6 (13.0-18.7) 24.7 (17.5-35.1) 33.1 (20.7-56.7) 1031 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.2, 0.4, 0.2, 0.2, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_FactSheet.html

192 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .361 (.303-.431) .400 (.300-.400) .700 (.500-.800) 1.00 (.900-1.40) 1.40 (1.00-2.00) 1562 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) .300 (.300-.400) 2094 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.500) 2120 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2100 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2233 

Age group 

12-19 years 99-00 .432 (.372-.501) .400 (.400-.500) .700 (.700-.900) 1.10 (.900-1.40) 1.60 (1.10-2.90) 543 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.500) 640 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.100-.300) .300 (.200-.500) 640 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 357 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 364 

20 years and older 99-00 .351 (.291-.422) .300 (.300-.400) .600 (.500-.800) 1.00 (.800-1.40) 1.40 (1.00-2.00) 1019 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) .300 (.300-.400) 1454 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.500) 1480 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1743 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1869 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .359 (.301-.428) .400 (.300-.400) .600 (.500-.700) .900 (.700-1.30) 1.30 (.900-1.90) 743 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.500) 1053 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.600) 1048 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1059 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1075 

Females 99-00 .364 (.302-.438) .300 (.300-.500) .700 (.500-.900) 1.10 (.900-1.40) 1.50 (1.20-2.00) 819 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) .300 (.300-.500) 1041 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.400) 1072 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1041 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1158 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .294 (.255-.340) .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.600) .800 (.700-1.00) 1.10 (.800-1.60) 584 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) 485 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .200 (<LOD-5.00) 499 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 391 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 461 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .352 (.292-.425) .300 (.300-.400) .600 (.500-.800) 1.00 (.700-1.70) 1.70 (.900-2.60) 303 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.500) 538 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .200 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.400) 544 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 419 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 391 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .390 (.315-.483) .400 (.300-.500) .700 (.600-.900) 1.10 (.900-1.40) 1.50 (1.10-2.00) 519 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) .300 (.300-.500) 962 

05-06 * < LOD .100 (.100-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.500) 935 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 931 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1031 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.05, 0.2, 0.1, 0.1, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_FactSheet.html

193 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum 2-(N-Ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido) acetic acid (Et-PFOSA-AcOH) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .654 (.611-.701) .600 (.500-.700) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.60 (1.50-1.80) 2.30 (1.90-2.70) 1562 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2094 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.300) 2120 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2100 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) 2233 

Age group 

12-19 years 99-00 .827 (.765-.894) .800 (.700-.800) 1.20 (1.10-1.30) 1.70 (1.50-2.00) 2.40 (1.90-3.30) 543 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 640 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.400) 640 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 357 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 364 

20 years and older 99-00 .628 (.586-.674) .600 (.500-.700) 1.00 (.900-1.10) 1.60 (1.50-1.80) 2.30 (1.80-2.70) 1019 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1454 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.300) 1480 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1743 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) 1869 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .632 (.586-.681) .600 (.500-.700) 1.00 (.900-1.10) 1.50 (1.30-1.80) 1.90 (1.60-2.90) 743 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1053 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.300) 1048 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1059 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) 1075 

Females 99-00 .675 (.616-.740) .700 (.500-.700) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.70 (1.50-2.20) 2.50 (2.00-2.80) 819 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1041 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.300) 1072 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1041 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.100) 1158 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .591 (.498-.702) .600 (.400-.700) 1.00 (.800-1.20) 1.70 (1.30-2.00) 2.50 (1.90-3.00) 584 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 485 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 499 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 391 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 461 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .570 (.495-.655) .500 (.500-.600) .900 (.700-1.00) 1.50 (1.20-1.90) 2.20 (1.40-3.20) 303 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .400 (<LOD-.500) 538 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 544 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 419 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 391 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .673 (.625-.725) .700 (.600-.700) 1.10 (1.00-1.20) 1.70 (1.50-1.90) 2.40 (1.90-2.80) 519 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 962 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.400) 935 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 931 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .100 (<LOD-.200) 1031 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.2, 0.4, 0.2, 0.2, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_FactSheet.html

194 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum 2-(N-Methyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido) acetic acid (Me-PFOSA-AcOH) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 .852 (.746-.974) .870 (.780-.960) 1.40 (1.13-1.66) 2.18 (1.83-2.62) 2.79 (2.44-3.23) 1562 

03-04 * < LOD .610 (<LOD-.610) .870 (.780-.960) 1.13 (.960-1.31) 2094 

05-06 .410 (.372-.451) .440 (.350-.440) .700 (.610-.780) 1.22 (1.13-1.22) 1.57 (1.48-1.74) 2120 

07-08 .301 (.276-.329) .260 (.260-.350) .520 (.440-.610) .960 (.780-1.05) 1.31 (1.22-1.40) 2100 

09-10 .189 (.176-.204) .170 (.170-.170) .350 (.350-.440) .700 (.610-.700) .960 (.870-1.05) 2233 

Age group 

12-19 years 99-00 1.17 (1.03-1.34) 1.22 (1.05-1.31) 1.83 (1.31-2.18) 2.70 (2.18-3.05) 3.23 (2.79-4.10) 543 

03-04 * < LOD .610 (<LOD-.700) .960 (.780-1.13) 1.31 (1.05-1.57) 640 

05-06 .432 (.380-.490) .440 (.350-.520) .780 (.610-.870) 1.13 (.960-1.31) 1.48 (1.13-1.66) 640 

07-08 .338 (.302-.379) .350 (.260-.440) .610 (.520-.610) .960 (.780-1.48) 1.57 (.960-2.01) 357 

09-10 .225 (.193-.263) .260 (.170-.260) .440 (.350-.520) .700 (.520-.870) .870 (.610-1.66) 364 

20 years and older 99-00 .806 (.701-.927) .780 (.700-.960) 1.31 (1.13-1.57) 2.09 (1.74-2.44) 2.70 (2.27-3.14) 1019 

03-04 * < LOD .610 (<LOD-.610) .870 (.780-.960) 1.05 (.960-1.40) 1454 

05-06 .406 (.369-.448) .440 (.350-.440) .700 (.610-.780) 1.22 (1.13-1.31) 1.66 (1.48-1.74) 1480 

07-08 .296 (.269-.326) .260 (.260-.350) .520 (.440-.610) .960 (.780-1.05) 1.22 (1.13-1.40) 1743 

09-10 .185 (.170-.200) .170 (.170-.170) .350 (.260-.350) .700 (.610-.780) .960 (.870-1.05) 1869 

Gender 

Males 99-00 .891 (.764-1.04) .870 (.780-1.05) 1.40 (1.13-1.74) 2.27 (2.01-2.79) 2.79 (2.44-3.66) 743 

03-04 * < LOD .610 (<LOD-.610) .960 (.780-1.05) 1.13 (.960-1.48) 1053 

05-06 .435 (.400-.472) .440 (.350-.440) .780 (.700-.870) 1.22 (1.13-1.31) 1.66 (1.40-1.74) 1048 

07-08 .305 (.279-.333) .260 (.260-.350) .520 (.440-.610) .870 (.780-.960) 1.31 (1.13-1.40) 1059 

09-10 .192 (.179-.205) .170 (.170-.170) .350 (.350-.440) .700 (.610-.780) .960 (.780-1.13) 1075 

Females 99-00 .820 (.724-.928) .780 (.700-.960) 1.31 (1.13-1.66) 2.01 (1.74-2.35) 2.62 (2.27-3.23) 819 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .870 (.780-.960) .960 (.870-1.57) 1041 

05-06 .387 (.342-.438) .350 (.350-.440) .700 (.610-.780) 1.13 (1.05-1.31) 1.57 (1.40-1.83) 1072 

07-08 .298 (.266-.334) .260 (.260-.350) .520 (.440-.610) .960 (.780-1.13) 1.31 (1.13-1.66) 1041 

09-10 .187 (.170-.206) .170 (.170-.170) .350 (.260-.350) .610 (.520-.780) .960 (.780-1.05) 1158 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 .675 (.552-.825) .700 (.520-.780) 1.13 (.870-1.31) 1.83 (1.40-2.35) 2.35 (1.74-3.92) 584 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .610 (<LOD-.780) .780 (<LOD-1.13) 485 

05-06 .292 (.245-.348) .260 (.260-.350) .440 (.350-.700) .780 (.610-1.05) 1.05 (.870-1.22) 499 

07-08 * < LOD .350 (.260-.440) .520 (.440-.780) .780 (.520-1.13) 391 

09-10 .133 (.113-.157) .090 (.090-.170) .260 (.170-.350) .520 (.440-.610) .700 (.520-.960) 461 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 .991 (.857-1.15) 1.05 (.780-1.22) 1.57 (1.31-1.83) 2.35 (1.92-2.79) 3.14 (2.27-4.27) 303 

03-04 * < LOD .700 (<LOD-.780) .960 (.780-1.22) 1.31 (.960-1.57) 538 

05-06 .418 (.361-.486) .440 (.350-.520) .700 (.610-.870) 1.22 (1.05-1.48) 1.66 (1.48-2.01) 544 

07-08 .329 (.302-.357) .350 (.260-.350) .520 (.520-.700) 1.05 (.780-1.22) 1.40 (1.22-1.66) 419 

09-10 .184 (.158-.215) .170 (.170-.170) .350 (.260-.440) .610 (.440-.780) .870 (.610-1.13) 391 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 .889 (.766-1.03) .870 (.780-1.05) 1.40 (1.22-1.74) 2.18 (1.92-2.70) 2.79 (2.44-3.66) 519 

03-04 * < LOD .610 (<LOD-.700) .870 (.780-.960) 1.13 (.960-1.40) 962 

05-06 .428 (.380-.483) .440 (.350-.520) .780 (.700-.870) 1.22 (1.13-1.31) 1.66 (1.40-1.83) 935 

07-08 .332 (.296-.372) .350 (.260-.350) .610 (.520-.700) .960 (.780-1.22) 1.31 (1.13-1.57) 931 

09-10 .206 (.191-.222) .170 (.170-.260) .350 (.350-.440) .700 (.610-.780) .960 (.870-1.13) 1031 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.2, 0.5, 0.2, 0.2, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 0.872 for survey periods 1999-2000 and 2003-2010 compared with results 

previously released. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_FactSheet.html

195 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Serum Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUA) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of serum concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.400) .400 (.300-.700) 1562 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .600 (<LOD-1.30) 2094 

05-06 * < LOD .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.800) .700 (.600-1.20) 2120 

07-08 * < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .400 (.300-.500) .600 (.500-.800) 2100 

09-10 .172 (.151-.196) .200 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.400) .600 (.400-.800) .900 (.600-1.10) 2233 

Age group 

12-19 years 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.300) 543 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-1.10) 640 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .300 (.200-.500) .500 (.300-.900) 640 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .200 (<LOD-.200) .300 (.200-.300) 357 

09-10 * .100 (<LOD-.100) .200 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.600) .400 (.200-.900) 364 

20 years and older 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.500) .500 (.300-.700) 1019 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.600) .600 (<LOD-1.40) 1454 

05-06 * < LOD .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.800) .800 (.600-1.10) 1480 

07-08 * < LOD .200 (.200-.300) .400 (.300-.600) .600 (.500-.900) 1743 

09-10 .182 (.160-.207) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.300-.400) .600 (.400-.800) .900 (.700-1.20) 1869 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.500) .500 (.300-.600) 743 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .400 (<LOD-1.00) .700 (<LOD-2.30) 1053 

05-06 * < LOD .300 (.200-.400) .600 (.400-.700) .800 (.600-1.10) 1048 

07-08 * < LOD .200 (<LOD-.300) .400 (.300-.500) .700 (.500-1.00) 1059 

09-10 .170 (.147-.196) .200 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.900) .800 (.500-1.20) 1075 

Females 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.400) .400 (.200-.800) 819 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .400 (<LOD-.700) 1041 

05-06 * < LOD .300 (<LOD-.400) .500 (.400-.700) .700 (.500-1.10) 1072 

07-08 * < LOD .200 (<LOD-.200) .400 (.300-.500) .600 (.400-.700) 1041 

09-10 .175 (.153-.199) .200 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.400) .600 (.400-.800) .900 (.700-1.20) 1158 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) 584 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 485 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.700) .500 (.300-1.00) 499 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD .300 (<LOD-.400) .300 (<LOD-1.40) 391 

09-10 * .100 (.100-.100) .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.300-.400) .400 (.300-.600) 461 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .300 (.200-.500) .600 (.300-1.00) .900 (.600-1.80) 303 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .600 (<LOD-1.40) .900 (.300-2.90) 538 

05-06 * < LOD .300 (<LOD-.500) .600 (.400-1.50) 1.20 (.600-2.70) 544 

07-08 * < LOD .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.700) .800 (.600-1.20) 419 

09-10 .237 (.199-.283) .200 (.200-.200) .400 (.300-.500) .800 (.500-1.10) 1.30 (.800-1.80) 391 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.200) .200 (.200-.300) .300 (.200-.800) 519 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .500 (<LOD-.900) 962 

05-06 * < LOD .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.400-.700) .600 (.400-1.50) 935 

07-08 * < LOD .200 (<LOD-.200) .300 (.300-.500) .500 (.400-.600) 931 

09-10 .162 (.136-.193) .200 (.100-.200) .300 (.200-.400) .500 (.300-.800) .800 (.500-1.00) 1031 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.2, 0.3, 0.2, 0.2, and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/PFCs_FactSheet.html

196 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) 

Metabolite of Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 11.0 (9.88-12.3) 12.2 (11.0-13.6) 25.5 (23.5-28.6) 48.3 (39.8-59.3) 74.4 (68.1-83.4) 2541 

01-02 10.8 (10.0-11.7) 11.4 (10.7-12.5) 27.4 (24.8-29.7) 58.2 (51.3-63.5) 87.6 (73.7-102) 2782 

03-04 9.89 (9.12-10.7) 10.3 (9.22-11.8) 23.3 (21.7-25.2) 47.9 (41.3-54.4) 72.6 (61.4-90.2) 2605 

05-06 8.32 (7.28-9.51) 8.93 (7.78-10.4) 20.7 (18.2-23.7) 44.6 (37.6-52.8) 67.1 (57.4-77.7) 2548 

07-08 7.24 (6.47-8.09) 8.42 (7.20-9.50) 18.3 (16.6-20.4) 37.3 (31.3-43.3) 58.8 (48.7-69.1) 2604 

09-10 6.46 (5.76-7.24) 6.70 (5.97-7.49) 15.4 (13.4-17.1) 31.0 (26.8-36.1) 48.3 (43.1-55.4) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 28.4 (23.7-34.0) 29.0 (24.3-35.0) 59.0 (40.2-70.6) 92.8 (70.6-154) 154 (77.8-287) 328 

01-02 24.1 (21.0-27.6) 26.6 (19.2-31.2) 49.3 (44.4-66.8) 120 (83.7-137) 169 (132-237) 393 

03-04 24.4 (20.3-29.2) 25.2 (21.7-28.7) 45.9 (36.3-66.5) 105 (79.1-154) 184 (105-263) 342 

05-06 21.3 (19.2-23.7) 23.5 (19.4-26.6) 46.1 (37.1-56.9) 78.6 (64.3-104) 116 (88.4-137) 356 

07-08 15.4 (12.3-19.3) 17.6 (13.8-20.8) 33.8 (27.0-47.5) 69.9 (51.3-104) 131 (69.9-221) 389 

09-10 11.6 (9.51-14.1) 12.6 (10.4-14.5) 28.4 (20.2-37.8) 63.9 (47.4-76.8) 87.8 (65.4-212) 415 

12-19 years 99-00 18.4 (15.7-21.6) 20.4 (16.1-25.1) 36.9 (31.5-42.1) 63.7 (48.4-82.6) 90.2 (67.5-122) 752 

01-02 16.7 (14.3-19.6) 17.9 (15.3-22.3) 40.0 (34.1-45.3) 81.1 (66.1-95.5) 122 (96.3-143) 742 

03-04 15.9 (14.0-18.1) 17.9 (16.1-19.6) 35.9 (28.7-46.5) 64.7 (51.2-86.3) 110 (71.9-136) 729 

05-06 14.2 (11.9-16.9) 14.8 (11.5-18.3) 31.8 (24.2-41.0) 62.6 (44.0-85.0) 94.2 (67.7-134) 702 

07-08 11.6 (9.56-14.2) 14.6 (11.5-16.6) 27.2 (22.0-31.5) 46.7 (35.4-58.3) 63.9 (54.7-102) 401 

09-10 10.6 (8.75-12.9) 11.9 (10.1-15.4) 24.8 (21.9-29.2) 43.1 (36.0-45.8) 56.1 (44.7-74.3) 420 

20 years and older 99-00 8.96 (7.83-10.3) 9.94 (8.71-11.2) 21.0 (18.1-23.8) 37.4 (31.6-45.0) 62.1 (39.4-85.5) 1461 

01-02 9.16 (8.40-9.98) 10.0 (9.22-10.7) 22.9 (20.5-24.1) 47.1 (38.7-54.9) 71.8 (59.6-87.1) 1647 

03-04 8.22 (7.42-9.11) 8.71 (7.78-9.72) 19.4 (17.0-21.2) 39.0 (33.9-44.3) 57.2 (47.9-68.3) 1534 

05-06 6.87 (6.00-7.86) 7.34 (6.41-8.71) 17.1 (14.5-19.7) 34.0 (28.3-43.4) 56.9 (45.9-66.7) 1490 

07-08 6.18 (5.40-7.08) 7.13 (6.12-8.06) 15.5 (13.4-17.6) 30.5 (25.2-37.7) 49.5 (40.3-63.9) 1814 

09-10 5.61 (4.97-6.34) 5.95 (5.17-6.61) 12.7 (10.9-14.8) 25.6 (21.5-29.4) 39.6 (34.2-47.7) 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 11.6 (10.1-13.4) 12.7 (10.9-14.4) 25.5 (22.7-29.0) 50.0 (43.1-62.8) 77.8 (69.3-93.4) 1215 

01-02 11.2 (9.78-12.9) 11.5 (10.5-13.3) 26.6 (23.8-31.0) 56.4 (45.7-70.1) 87.5 (63.5-132) 1371 

03-04 10.5 (9.50-11.6) 10.9 (9.50-12.6) 23.3 (21.2-25.6) 47.2 (38.6-57.3) 72.6 (56.6-94.8) 1250 

05-06 9.47 (8.20-10.9) 10.2 (8.78-12.2) 23.3 (19.3-25.9) 51.6 (39.8-61.6) 71.0 (61.6-83.2) 1270 

07-08 7.80 (6.96-8.74) 8.64 (7.49-10.0) 17.6 (15.8-20.4) 33.8 (28.4-41.3) 49.3 (41.5-62.1) 1294 

09-10 6.93 (6.07-7.92) 6.98 (6.21-7.80) 15.6 (13.3-17.6) 33.0 (27.4-37.8) 49.0 (40.4-62.8) 1399 

Females 99-00 10.5 (9.17-12.0) 11.6 (10.2-13.8) 25.8 (22.2-29.8) 45.9 (38.7-59.3) 73.9 (60.6-83.4) 1326 

01-02 10.5 (9.40-11.7) 11.1 (9.94-12.9) 27.4 (23.3-31.5) 58.6 (49.2-66.0) 88.0 (73.2-103) 1411 

03-04 9.33 (8.53-10.2) 9.58 (8.71-11.2) 24.0 (21.2-26.1) 48.3 (42.3-52.1) 72.5 (60.8-86.3) 1355 

05-06 7.34 (6.30-8.55) 7.70 (6.55-9.36) 18.4 (15.6-22.2) 39.5 (33.0-46.3) 62.1 (48.0-73.7) 1278 

07-08 6.73 (5.77-7.85) 7.99 (6.41-9.36) 18.8 (15.4-22.5) 40.1 (32.2-50.9) 64.4 (51.1-78.8) 1310 

09-10 6.04 (5.38-6.77) 6.36 (5.18-7.47) 15.3 (12.9-16.9) 29.3 (24.5-36.9) 47.7 (38.0-60.4) 1350 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.576, 0.216, 0.072, 0.216, 0.216, and 0.216 respectively. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 0.72 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously released. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/BzBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

197 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) 

Metabolite of Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 10.0 (8.69-11.6) 11.3 (9.65-12.2) 23.8 (19.8-26.0) 48.6 (40.0-60.5) 71.1 (58.0-108) 814 

01-02 9.49 (7.75-11.6) 10.7 (7.78-13.3) 21.2 (18.9-27.4) 50.7 (38.2-61.5) 68.2 (50.6-116) 677 

03-04 10.7 (9.52-12.0) 11.2 (9.72-13.2) 23.3 (19.9-25.5) 51.4 (35.0-66.5) 71.9 (62.3-104) 652 

05-06 8.95 (7.12-11.3) 10.2 (8.57-11.9) 20.1 (14.3-31.0) 43.1 (33.9-49.8) 59.8 (43.6-77.3) 637 

07-08 7.87 (6.39-9.68) 9.43 (6.91-11.5) 18.7 (14.1-25.3) 38.0 (30.2-47.5) 60.4 (40.5-73.9) 531 

09-10 7.58 (6.42-8.96) 7.39 (6.33-9.00) 17.1 (14.3-20.3) 33.8 (26.5-43.5) 54.5 (34.4-79.7) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 16.6 (14.9-18.4) 16.6 (14.8-18.4) 35.5 (31.7-40.0) 68.2 (57.6-93.4) 99.1 (76.6-174) 603 

01-02 17.1 (15.1-19.4) 17.4 (14.3-20.2) 36.4 (29.9-45.3) 72.6 (62.2-91.3) 103 (91.2-129) 703 

03-04 13.6 (11.8-15.7) 14.4 (11.1-17.7) 31.5 (28.0-35.3) 58.2 (50.4-76.0) 86.2 (71.8-124) 699 

05-06 11.9 (9.03-15.7) 12.7 (10.1-17.1) 26.1 (21.0-35.0) 60.6 (47.2-74.6) 83.2 (74.6-102) 678 

07-08 9.37 (8.28-10.6) 9.72 (8.35-11.7) 21.4 (18.4-24.8) 46.9 (34.3-61.6) 71.3 (63.7-89.6) 597 

09-10 8.98 (7.67-10.5) 9.14 (7.76-10.5) 21.0 (16.4-24.7) 38.9 (30.3-52.6) 67.4 (51.3-80.7) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 10.3 (9.12-11.6) 11.6 (10.3-13.4) 24.5 (22.0-27.6) 42.3 (36.9-53.4) 73.9 (53.4-83.4) 912 

01-02 10.1 (9.12-11.1) 10.5 (9.65-11.2) 25.6 (23.2-28.4) 55.2 (47.6-65.0) 87.5 (67.1-112) 1216 

03-04 9.25 (8.30-10.3) 9.50 (8.42-11.5) 22.0 (20.0-25.3) 45.9 (38.6-52.1) 65.9 (54.9-87.9) 1088 

05-06 7.67 (6.61-8.90) 8.06 (6.98-10.1) 19.8 (17.1-23.5) 43.4 (32.4-52.5) 65.8 (52.5-76.8) 1038 

07-08 7.10 (6.33-7.97) 8.14 (7.06-9.29) 17.9 (16.5-20.3) 37.7 (31.0-44.2) 57.0 (46.0-68.6) 1077 

09-10 6.07 (5.24-7.03) 6.31 (5.54-7.23) 14.7 (12.4-16.7) 29.5 (23.4-36.9) 44.6 (34.9-64.1) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.576, 0.216, 0.072, 0.216, 0.216, and 0.216 respectively. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 0.72 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously released. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/BzBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

198 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 10.0 (9.33-10.8) 9.60 (9.22-10.3) 18.1 (16.8-19.6) 36.1 (29.9-42.3) 55.7 (50.1-62.1) 2541 

01-02 10.2 (9.50-10.9) 9.71 (9.12-10.4) 19.1 (17.8-20.9) 39.5 (35.3-42.1) 65.1 (53.6-73.2) 2782 

03-04 9.29 (8.76-9.86) 9.04 (8.07-9.82) 17.7 (16.0-19.0) 33.1 (29.5-37.1) 50.4 (44.9-57.5) 2605 

05-06 8.11 (7.28-9.04) 8.24 (7.37-8.98) 15.3 (13.9-17.4) 30.2 (26.4-35.1) 47.4 (42.7-53.3) 2548 

07-08 7.29 (6.71-7.93) 7.20 (6.57-8.17) 14.3 (13.1-15.4) 28.3 (24.4-31.8) 42.6 (36.3-49.1) 2604 

09-10 6.74 (6.06-7.50) 6.40 (5.63-7.30) 12.4 (11.3-13.8) 24.0 (20.4-26.6) 34.1 (30.5-41.4) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 28.8 (24.2-34.3) 27.8 (21.7-36.9) 52.9 (40.8-71.4) 75.1 (64.4-102) 102 (71.8-124) 328 

01-02 27.4 (24.8-30.3) 26.9 (24.3-30.4) 48.9 (40.2-57.9) 96.7 (83.3-127) 140 (86.9-219) 393 

03-04 25.8 (21.9-30.3) 23.2 (20.1-29.1) 43.7 (36.1-57.2) 97.8 (61.6-154) 165 (71.8-286) 342 

05-06 23.5 (21.1-26.2) 25.5 (20.5-29.5) 47.1 (35.8-57.8) 77.6 (62.8-94.3) 104 (85.8-130) 356 

07-08 19.0 (16.0-22.5) 20.7 (15.6-27.0) 35.4 (32.3-40.0) 67.2 (51.9-91.5) 118 (74.3-159) 389 

09-10 15.1 (12.7-18.0) 14.6 (12.0-17.2) 29.3 (25.9-37.6) 66.5 (45.3-84.1) 92.2 (67.1-163) 415 

12-19 years 99-00 12.4 (11.1-14.0) 12.3 (10.5-14.6) 20.4 (17.5-25.1) 35.8 (27.9-49.9) 50.4 (35.7-59.0) 752 

01-02 12.9 (11.3-14.8) 13.0 (11.3-15.0) 24.4 (21.1-27.8) 48.7 (40.2-61.9) 72.0 (58.1-88.6) 742 

03-04 11.9 (11.1-12.8) 12.2 (11.1-13.1) 21.6 (18.0-25.6) 37.5 (29.3-44.5) 56.0 (39.5-82.6) 729 

05-06 10.6 (9.14-12.2) 10.5 (8.33-13.0) 18.5 (15.9-23.7) 35.8 (28.1-46.0) 48.8 (41.3-65.3) 702 

07-08 9.06 (7.76-10.6) 9.39 (8.12-11.1) 16.7 (13.8-21.0) 32.1 (22.0-45.9) 48.4 (32.3-55.6) 401 

09-10 8.54 (7.36-9.90) 8.73 (7.44-10.8) 14.9 (13.2-17.5) 24.9 (21.6-28.9) 32.5 (25.7-42.7) 420 

20 years and older 99-00 8.47 (7.73-9.27) 8.68 (8.01-9.26) 14.5 (13.2-16.8) 24.9 (22.0-29.4) 41.1 (29.7-53.2) 1461 

01-02 8.66 (8.08-9.28) 8.47 (8.00-9.00) 15.6 (14.3-17.1) 30.5 (25.8-34.7) 46.8 (39.0-56.4) 1647 

03-04 7.90 (7.39-8.45) 7.58 (6.98-8.37) 14.2 (13.1-15.4) 26.3 (25.0-28.2) 40.2 (33.7-44.9) 1534 

05-06 6.89 (6.20-7.66) 7.10 (6.60-7.71) 13.1 (12.1-14.2) 22.4 (19.9-25.5) 34.6 (28.9-43.1) 1490 

07-08 6.35 (5.74-7.03) 6.41 (5.65-7.15) 12.3 (11.1-13.6) 21.8 (19.1-25.7) 32.6 (28.7-40.5) 1814 

09-10 5.94 (5.31-6.66) 5.67 (5.03-6.53) 10.8 (9.18-12.5) 19.2 (16.6-23.5) 29.1 (24.2-33.4) 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 9.14 (8.51-9.82) 8.96 (8.32-9.39) 17.1 (15.5-18.8) 32.0 (25.5-41.0) 52.9 (34.9-71.8) 1215 

01-02 9.13 (8.18-10.2) 8.55 (7.85-9.53) 17.4 (15.1-19.0) 35.3 (31.5-40.4) 57.8 (43.8-74.7) 1371 

03-04 8.25 (7.60-8.95) 7.99 (7.01-9.03) 15.2 (14.0-17.0) 28.4 (24.6-35.8) 45.3 (37.4-59.8) 1250 

05-06 7.61 (6.65-8.70) 7.57 (6.65-8.91) 14.3 (13.0-16.6) 30.0 (25.5-34.5) 43.7 (36.2-48.2) 1270 

07-08 6.57 (5.91-7.31) 6.66 (5.68-7.46) 12.8 (11.3-14.8) 24.4 (21.2-29.5) 36.3 (30.6-45.5) 1294 

09-10 6.21 (5.56-6.94) 5.88 (5.13-6.74) 11.6 (10.1-12.9) 21.3 (18.8-24.1) 32.2 (27.6-35.6) 1399 

Females 99-00 11.0 (9.96-12.1) 10.6 (9.60-11.5) 18.6 (17.3-21.1) 40.6 (33.7-43.6) 57.9 (43.3-84.2) 1326 

01-02 11.3 (10.2-12.4) 10.8 (9.97-11.9) 21.2 (18.6-24.5) 42.1 (35.9-50.0) 69.0 (50.0-83.4) 1411 

03-04 10.4 (9.65-11.2) 9.97 (9.20-10.9) 20.1 (17.8-22.6) 37.4 (31.2-43.4) 52.9 (45.8-65.0) 1355 

05-06 8.63 (7.84-9.51) 8.67 (8.12-9.26) 15.9 (14.8-18.3) 32.0 (26.3-41.4) 52.3 (45.2-62.8) 1278 

07-08 8.07 (7.29-8.93) 8.37 (7.20-9.16) 15.5 (13.9-18.0) 31.5 (27.5-34.2) 48.3 (40.2-54.9) 1310 

09-10 7.29 (6.47-8.21) 6.90 (5.90-8.04) 13.6 (11.9-15.3) 25.6 (21.9-30.4) 38.8 (30.7-47.3) 1350 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 0.72 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously released. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/BzBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

199 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 9.10 (8.20-10.1) 8.60 (7.87-9.53) 17.4 (15.5-19.1) 33.5 (30.2-38.7) 49.1 (40.6-67.5) 814 

01-02 8.95 (7.69-10.4) 8.55 (7.16-10.7) 17.1 (14.1-20.9) 33.6 (26.3-44.4) 51.5 (36.8-86.5) 677 

03-04 9.66 (8.41-11.1) 9.00 (8.25-9.66) 17.3 (15.1-20.0) 38.2 (27.6-46.7) 56.0 (41.1-89.8) 652 

05-06 8.05 (6.69-9.69) 8.38 (7.48-8.91) 16.0 (12.6-20.2) 31.0 (22.4-40.6) 45.7 (31.3-54.2) 637 

07-08 7.68 (6.13-9.62) 8.06 (6.42-10.3) 15.5 (12.5-19.2) 29.1 (21.9-36.9) 42.9 (33.5-51.8) 531 

09-10 7.53 (6.52-8.69) 7.29 (6.30-8.18) 13.3 (11.6-16.3) 32.3 (23.3-43.6) 52.2 (33.0-66.1) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 10.7 (9.75-11.7) 9.83 (8.76-10.9) 19.4 (16.2-22.9) 40.5 (28.4-54.7) 62.5 (46.4-71.9) 603 

01-02 12.0 (10.5-13.7) 11.3 (9.84-13.9) 24.1 (19.1-27.4) 43.3 (38.7-50.0) 77.7 (54.4-83.4) 703 

03-04 9.65 (8.46-11.0) 9.81 (8.32-11.2) 17.4 (15.8-20.7) 36.0 (29.6-41.6) 53.8 (42.5-65.2) 699 

05-06 8.38 (6.44-10.9) 8.24 (6.72-10.6) 16.1 (12.8-21.5) 34.1 (25.8-43.9) 52.3 (39.9-62.9) 678 

07-08 7.28 (6.51-8.14) 7.07 (5.97-8.28) 14.7 (12.2-16.0) 25.8 (22.6-31.5) 42.3 (32.6-50.3) 597 

09-10 6.50 (5.49-7.70) 6.50 (5.38-7.45) 11.7 (9.80-14.9) 23.9 (17.0-31.8) 34.4 (25.8-48.9) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 10.0 (9.16-11.0) 9.66 (9.25-10.7) 18.2 (16.6-19.8) 38.3 (27.9-46.7) 56.1 (48.5-65.0) 912 

01-02 9.97 (9.24-10.8) 9.33 (8.69-10.3) 18.5 (17.1-20.1) 38.2 (33.5-42.1) 64.2 (49.7-78.5) 1216 

03-04 9.14 (8.48-9.84) 8.97 (7.77-9.93) 17.6 (15.6-19.2) 30.2 (28.1-35.2) 47.2 (41.4-57.3) 1088 

05-06 8.08 (7.17-9.10) 8.35 (7.31-9.49) 15.2 (13.7-17.4) 29.9 (25.1-36.5) 47.4 (40.0-57.1) 1038 

07-08 7.42 (6.90-7.97) 7.38 (6.65-8.23) 14.0 (12.9-15.4) 28.3 (24.2-32.3) 44.5 (36.3-52.4) 1077 

09-10 6.83 (6.08-7.67) 6.37 (5.58-7.34) 12.6 (11.1-14.5) 24.0 (19.5-27.6) 33.4 (27.9-44.6) 1206 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 0.72 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously released. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/BzBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

200 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) 

Metabolite of Di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 2.71 (2.49-2.94) 2.70 (2.40-3.00) 5.70 (5.30-6.10) 12.0 (11.4-12.7) 17.9 (16.3-19.8) 2782 

03-04 3.80 (3.40-4.25) 4.20 (3.70-4.80) 8.40 (7.40-9.50) 15.0 (13.1-17.3) 21.3 (18.6-26.0) 2605 

05-06 5.20 (4.64-5.83) 5.80 (5.40-6.60) 11.9 (10.6-13.3) 21.3 (18.7-23.7) 31.6 (27.1-37.2) 2548 

07-08 7.15 (6.59-7.77) 8.00 (7.50-8.60) 15.3 (13.9-16.9) 27.2 (24.6-30.4) 39.1 (35.4-43.8) 2604 

09-10 7.64 (6.88-8.49) 8.30 (7.24-9.27) 15.8 (14.5-17.4) 27.6 (24.7-31.7) 41.3 (35.6-47.5) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 4.22 (3.28-5.43) 4.40 (3.20-6.20) 10.7 (7.30-13.4) 18.6 (14.2-22.0) 23.4 (20.4-27.8) 393 

03-04 6.56 (5.24-8.22) 7.00 (5.10-9.10) 12.8 (9.40-17.7) 24.3 (19.6-34.5) 40.6 (29.3-48.5) 342 

05-06 8.53 (7.67-9.48) 9.00 (8.20-10.3) 15.8 (13.7-19.2) 33.2 (27.5-38.4) 49.1 (33.2-54.4) 356 

07-08 10.7 (8.94-12.8) 11.4 (8.90-13.2) 21.1 (16.6-27.2) 35.9 (30.2-44.7) 55.4 (36.4-75.5) 389 

09-10 10.2 (9.10-11.4) 10.9 (9.45-12.2) 20.8 (18.8-23.6) 35.7 (28.8-46.9) 55.4 (41.2-75.4) 415 

12-19 years 01-02 3.48 (2.90-4.17) 3.80 (2.90-4.40) 7.40 (6.00-9.00) 14.5 (11.7-18.6) 22.3 (16.2-33.4) 742 

03-04 4.55 (3.73-5.55) 5.60 (4.50-6.30) 10.1 (8.00-11.4) 17.1 (13.3-20.9) 22.7 (18.5-29.1) 729 

05-06 7.46 (6.53-8.51) 7.90 (6.90-9.80) 16.2 (13.6-19.3) 29.2 (23.6-31.3) 34.1 (30.1-49.9) 702 

07-08 10.2 (8.53-12.3) 10.5 (8.40-12.9) 22.3 (17.0-26.9) 41.6 (32.9-48.1) 56.2 (44.6-82.7) 401 

09-10 10.7 (9.54-12.1) 12.3 (10.7-13.6) 20.2 (17.3-22.2) 36.1 (28.3-46.0) 49.8 (42.3-60.2) 420 

20 years and older 01-02 2.46 (2.30-2.63) 2.40 (2.20-2.70) 5.10 (4.80-5.50) 10.6 (9.40-12.0) 16.3 (13.6-18.5) 1647 

03-04 3.46 (3.11-3.84) 3.90 (3.40-4.30) 7.50 (6.70-8.50) 13.3 (11.5-16.5) 19.9 (16.0-25.0) 1534 

05-06 4.65 (4.07-5.30) 5.40 (4.70-6.00) 10.6 (9.50-12.0) 18.7 (16.0-21.9) 29.0 (22.1-34.4) 1490 

07-08 6.47 (5.91-7.09) 7.50 (6.70-8.00) 14.1 (12.5-16.1) 24.5 (21.3-27.7) 34.2 (27.9-39.5) 1814 

09-10 7.03 (6.26-7.90) 7.55 (6.66-8.57) 14.6 (12.8-16.6) 25.7 (23.2-28.5) 38.6 (31.4-43.6) 1914 

Gender 

Males 01-02 2.73 (2.50-2.97) 2.80 (2.40-3.20) 5.60 (5.00-6.10) 11.6 (10.1-12.6) 16.6 (13.6-20.1) 1371 

03-04 4.07 (3.56-4.66) 4.30 (3.80-5.10) 9.20 (7.50-10.2) 16.0 (13.3-18.5) 22.7 (17.3-30.3) 1250 

05-06 5.65 (5.08-6.29) 6.20 (5.60-6.90) 11.9 (10.7-13.3) 22.1 (18.7-26.5) 32.3 (25.5-39.8) 1270 

07-08 7.52 (6.84-8.26) 8.30 (7.70-9.40) 15.2 (13.6-17.2) 25.0 (21.7-28.4) 38.3 (27.3-44.2) 1294 

09-10 7.80 (6.96-8.74) 8.48 (7.44-9.16) 15.3 (14.0-17.0) 26.2 (23.2-30.9) 39.1 (31.1-46.4) 1399 

Females 01-02 2.68 (2.44-2.96) 2.60 (2.30-3.00) 5.80 (5.30-6.50) 12.6 (11.0-14.7) 18.7 (16.3-24.0) 1411 

03-04 3.56 (3.19-3.97) 4.10 (3.50-4.50) 8.00 (7.10-9.10) 14.2 (12.5-16.6) 20.5 (17.9-23.0) 1355 

05-06 4.80 (4.15-5.55) 5.50 (4.70-6.60) 11.9 (10.1-13.6) 19.6 (17.0-24.1) 29.8 (24.6-35.9) 1278 

07-08 6.82 (6.21-7.49) 7.40 (6.50-8.30) 15.5 (14.5-16.9) 29.1 (27.0-32.9) 39.8 (36.2-46.7) 1310 

09-10 7.50 (6.68-8.43) 8.07 (6.94-9.62) 16.4 (14.0-18.9) 29.1 (25.3-33.5) 45.0 (36.0-52.7) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 3.26 (2.72-3.91) 3.40 (2.70-4.30) 7.20 (6.20-9.30) 12.2 (11.2-14.7) 18.4 (14.1-25.6) 677 

03-04 4.81 (3.85-6.02) 5.10 (4.00-6.70) 10.2 (8.20-12.6) 18.3 (13.5-24.5) 26.0 (19.0-38.5) 652 

05-06 6.88 (5.58-8.48) 7.30 (6.00-8.90) 14.5 (11.5-17.5) 26.3 (20.7-34.1) 40.4 (33.8-46.8) 637 

07-08 9.30 (8.12-10.6) 10.2 (9.40-11.1) 17.4 (15.9-18.8) 31.9 (24.0-39.2) 47.6 (34.2-58.2) 531 

09-10 9.34 (8.22-10.6) 9.97 (8.31-11.6) 18.8 (16.0-21.8) 31.7 (25.6-37.2) 46.4 (37.3-54.0) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 4.90 (4.46-5.37) 5.30 (4.60-6.00) 10.7 (9.20-12.0) 18.3 (16.1-20.1) 25.5 (20.7-31.3) 703 

03-04 6.67 (5.97-7.46) 6.90 (6.30-7.50) 12.6 (10.9-14.7) 25.7 (17.7-31.0) 33.5 (27.3-43.9) 699 

05-06 8.37 (7.06-9.91) 8.70 (7.50-10.2) 16.1 (13.8-19.7) 30.1 (22.1-37.2) 41.4 (30.1-67.7) 678 

07-08 10.7 (9.08-12.5) 12.5 (10.5-14.8) 23.1 (21.7-25.0) 38.9 (32.4-43.5) 47.6 (44.5-57.0) 597 

09-10 14.0 (11.9-16.4) 15.4 (12.9-17.8) 27.5 (22.4-34.1) 47.6 (34.4-65.6) 66.0 (46.3-85.2) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 2.33 (2.10-2.59) 2.30 (1.90-2.60) 4.90 (4.40-5.30) 9.60 (8.30-11.6) 15.6 (13.0-18.6) 1216 

03-04 3.17 (2.82-3.56) 3.50 (3.00-4.00) 6.80 (5.90-7.90) 12.5 (10.6-14.5) 17.6 (14.7-20.8) 1088 

05-06 4.41 (3.86-5.04) 5.00 (4.20-5.70) 10.3 (9.10-11.5) 18.7 (16.3-21.1) 28.8 (22.1-32.2) 1038 

07-08 6.32 (5.78-6.93) 7.20 (6.40-7.90) 13.6 (12.4-14.9) 24.3 (20.1-27.3) 33.8 (27.0-39.5) 1077 

09-10 6.34 (5.65-7.10) 6.92 (6.08-7.90) 12.9 (11.7-14.5) 21.6 (19.1-24.2) 29.6 (26.0-34.3) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06,07-08, and 09-10 are 1.0, 0.3, 0.3,0.3, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

201 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-isobutyl phthalate (DiBP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 2.54 (2.36-2.73) 2.46 (2.26-2.68) 4.54 (4.20-4.86) 8.02 (7.78-8.66) 12.0 (10.8-13.5) 2782 

03-04 3.57 (3.18-4.00) 3.57 (3.15-4.08) 6.21 (5.36-7.17) 10.9 (9.47-12.7) 15.4 (12.8-18.6) 2605 

05-06 5.07 (4.68-5.50) 5.07 (4.74-5.45) 8.81 (8.08-9.55) 15.2 (13.4-16.5) 21.3 (18.3-24.3) 2548 

07-08 7.21 (6.76-7.70) 7.25 (6.77-7.81) 12.1 (11.2-13.3) 19.5 (17.2-21.5) 27.8 (24.9-31.3) 2604 

09-10 7.98 (7.34-8.68) 7.86 (7.12-8.52) 12.4 (11.2-14.1) 20.1 (17.3-23.0) 26.8 (23.7-32.8) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 4.81 (3.89-5.94) 5.18 (4.13-6.32) 9.20 (7.03-11.7) 15.2 (11.1-24.3) 24.3 (13.9-40.3) 393 

03-04 6.94 (5.79-8.31) 7.03 (5.29-8.95) 11.8 (9.56-15.1) 18.6 (15.1-25.1) 28.7 (21.8-36.9) 342 

05-06 9.39 (8.56-10.3) 9.46 (8.50-10.3) 15.3 (13.0-18.1) 25.2 (21.6-30.1) 37.9 (28.0-65.5) 356 

07-08 13.2 (11.1-15.5) 12.9 (10.5-15.7) 21.9 (17.8-26.0) 35.5 (28.3-43.5) 52.6 (41.4-58.3) 389 

09-10 13.2 (11.8-14.9) 12.6 (11.0-14.7) 20.9 (18.7-24.9) 35.3 (28.6-46.1) 53.0 (39.1-95.1) 415 

12-19 years 01-02 2.68 (2.29-3.15) 2.83 (2.39-3.33) 4.79 (4.04-5.51) 7.62 (6.18-10.2) 12.8 (8.76-15.6) 742 

03-04 3.41 (2.86-4.05) 3.69 (2.99-4.31) 5.75 (4.69-7.04) 9.32 (7.17-12.0) 13.5 (9.52-20.1) 729 

05-06 5.56 (5.05-6.11) 5.82 (5.20-6.53) 9.05 (8.06-10.4) 14.3 (13.4-16.5) 20.3 (17.7-26.8) 702 

07-08 7.95 (6.96-9.09) 8.30 (6.89-9.76) 13.7 (11.3-15.7) 21.3 (16.3-28.4) 28.7 (20.5-62.6) 401 

09-10 8.63 (7.97-9.34) 8.94 (7.87-9.78) 12.7 (11.7-14.9) 19.5 (16.5-25.3) 28.8 (20.6-53.4) 420 

20 years and older 01-02 2.33 (2.20-2.46) 2.26 (2.08-2.43) 3.89 (3.65-4.25) 7.31 (7.00-7.78) 10.6 (9.46-11.3) 1647 

03-04 3.32 (3.00-3.68) 3.33 (3.00-3.81) 5.59 (4.93-6.51) 9.84 (8.65-11.2) 13.5 (11.4-16.0) 1534 

05-06 4.66 (4.23-5.13) 4.62 (4.36-5.03) 8.00 (7.23-8.78) 13.5 (11.6-15.7) 18.2 (16.1-23.0) 1490 

07-08 6.65 (6.21-7.12) 6.73 (6.29-7.20) 11.1 (10.2-12.1) 17.1 (15.6-18.6) 23.8 (21.0-26.7) 1814 

09-10 7.45 (6.81-8.15) 7.24 (6.69-7.89) 11.6 (10.4-12.6) 17.7 (15.1-21.9) 23.8 (20.7-28.8) 1914 

Gender 

Males 01-02 2.22 (2.09-2.35) 2.18 (1.97-2.37) 3.76 (3.58-4.11) 7.38 (6.64-7.95) 11.1 (10.1-12.5) 1371 

03-04 3.20 (2.80-3.66) 3.19 (2.74-3.56) 5.84 (4.79-6.56) 10.0 (8.27-12.2) 13.9 (11.5-19.1) 1250 

05-06 4.54 (4.19-4.92) 4.45 (4.21-4.81) 7.95 (6.95-8.73) 13.4 (11.6-15.8) 18.5 (16.7-19.8) 1270 

07-08 6.33 (5.91-6.79) 6.36 (5.93-6.77) 10.4 (9.43-11.3) 16.4 (15.0-19.7) 24.1 (21.1-27.7) 1294 

09-10 6.99 (6.44-7.59) 6.70 (6.26-7.21) 10.6 (9.80-11.5) 17.5 (15.4-19.8) 23.4 (20.9-27.3) 1399 

Females 01-02 2.88 (2.61-3.18) 2.85 (2.52-3.18) 5.14 (4.67-5.89) 8.66 (8.02-10.1) 13.7 (11.1-15.0) 1411 

03-04 3.96 (3.56-4.42) 4.00 (3.57-4.45) 6.73 (5.64-7.80) 11.6 (10.2-13.0) 15.7 (13.0-18.7) 1355 

05-06 5.64 (5.04-6.32) 5.86 (5.39-6.39) 9.61 (8.85-10.6) 15.8 (14.3-18.1) 24.3 (18.7-32.5) 1278 

07-08 8.18 (7.46-8.96) 8.70 (7.78-9.47) 13.9 (12.2-15.2) 21.3 (18.3-25.3) 31.6 (26.4-34.7) 1310 

09-10 9.05 (8.22-9.97) 9.13 (8.19-9.90) 14.4 (12.2-16.2) 22.0 (18.1-26.3) 29.8 (25.8-36.4) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 3.07 (2.58-3.66) 2.98 (2.53-3.82) 5.82 (4.91-6.99) 10.6 (8.28-13.3) 16.0 (12.6-19.4) 677 

03-04 4.34 (3.47-5.43) 4.47 (3.53-5.24) 7.75 (6.33-9.69) 13.1 (11.9-16.8) 23.3 (17.9-26.1) 652 

05-06 6.19 (5.24-7.31) 6.17 (5.59-7.02) 10.9 (9.61-12.3) 18.6 (17.1-21.5) 28.3 (23.7-36.2) 637 

07-08 9.07 (7.87-10.5) 8.94 (8.07-10.3) 14.6 (12.4-18.0) 25.9 (21.1-32.4) 36.1 (28.0-42.3) 531 

09-10 9.27 (8.37-10.3) 8.95 (8.00-10.0) 14.6 (12.8-17.3) 25.6 (23.1-28.2) 40.6 (28.7-47.4) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 3.44 (3.20-3.69) 3.52 (2.95-3.81) 6.11 (5.03-7.04) 10.6 (8.94-12.4) 15.6 (12.6-19.7) 703 

03-04 4.74 (4.07-5.51) 4.65 (4.10-5.30) 7.81 (6.38-10.0) 15.2 (10.8-18.4) 19.9 (15.7-28.7) 699 

05-06 5.88 (5.12-6.76) 5.86 (5.03-7.03) 9.74 (8.21-11.3) 14.9 (12.0-19.9) 21.4 (14.9-29.7) 678 

07-08 8.28 (7.20-9.52) 8.96 (8.33-9.71) 14.4 (12.9-15.7) 21.6 (20.3-24.3) 29.6 (24.3-37.7) 597 

09-10 10.1 (8.76-11.7) 10.5 (9.41-11.6) 15.2 (12.9-19.2) 24.1 (19.3-32.2) 33.2 (26.3-42.0) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 2.31 (2.11-2.52) 2.20 (2.01-2.43) 3.80 (3.53-4.39) 7.30 (6.72-7.78) 10.7 (9.62-12.6) 1216 

03-04 3.13 (2.76-3.54) 3.17 (2.76-3.72) 5.28 (4.55-6.21) 8.92 (7.64-10.3) 11.8 (10.2-15.1) 1088 

05-06 4.64 (4.25-5.07) 4.58 (4.35-4.91) 8.28 (7.45-9.01) 13.7 (12.2-15.6) 18.8 (16.9-22.2) 1038 

07-08 6.60 (6.14-7.10) 6.70 (6.26-7.08) 10.9 (10.0-12.1) 17.0 (15.2-20.5) 24.9 (20.5-29.1) 1077 

09-10 7.12 (6.62-7.66) 6.95 (6.51-7.40) 10.7 (10.1-11.8) 17.0 (14.6-20.3) 22.0 (19.1-26.2) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

202 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) 

Metabolite of Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.* 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 24.6 (22.1-27.4) 26.0 (23.6-29.2) 51.6 (44.5-60.3) 98.6 (90.2-114) 150 (121-169) 2541 

01-02 18.9 (17.4-20.6) 20.4 (19.2-21.8) 40.4 (36.5-44.2) 73.6 (65.3-85.6) 108 (94.1-122) 2782 

03-04 21.1 (19.8-22.5) 23.2 (21.2-24.8) 42.7 (38.5-47.2) 80.7 (70.2-93.9) 122 (104-137) 2605 

05-06 19.6 (18.2-21.3) 20.6 (18.6-23.0) 40.4 (36.4-44.9) 71.5 (66.5-79.5) 107 (96.3-124) 2548 

07-08 18.9 (17.2-20.7) 20.0 (18.1-21.9) 39.1 (34.5-43.4) 72.4 (64.5-77.7) 110 (94.5-120) 2604 

09-10 14.6 (13.2-16.2) 15.9 (14.3-17.3) 30.5 (27.2-33.3) 54.4 (49.7-59.1) 75.9 (67.5-86.8) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 41.4 (35.6-48.0) 40.0 (36.2-49.2) 75.5 (59.1-92.8) 124 (98.4-159) 166 (127-279) 328 

01-02 31.1 (26.6-36.5) 32.4 (25.6-37.1) 62.1 (51.3-76.9) 107 (84.3-136) 159 (110-290) 393 

03-04 36.3 (30.7-42.9) 36.7 (28.5-47.5) 71.3 (56.9-87.2) 137 (107-162) 191 (150-243) 342 

05-06 30.5 (27.5-33.8) 32.3 (27.8-35.0) 57.4 (46.8-65.4) 93.4 (75.6-130) 136 (108-181) 356 

07-08 26.9 (22.5-32.1) 28.7 (21.3-38.0) 53.6 (45.6-63.6) 85.6 (71.4-102) 119 (91.6-150) 389 

09-10 21.7 (19.0-24.8) 23.3 (20.8-26.2) 44.9 (39.1-49.7) 83.8 (59.6-121) 124 (92.3-173) 415 

12-19 years 99-00 36.0 (30.8-42.1) 36.3 (30.6-44.9) 68.6 (55.9-79.7) 119 (90.2-159) 165 (121-227) 752 

01-02 25.1 (21.6-29.2) 26.7 (22.0-32.7) 52.6 (48.4-60.4) 92.4 (72.7-121) 148 (106-185) 742 

03-04 26.7 (24.1-29.5) 28.2 (25.2-33.1) 52.0 (45.3-60.9) 97.5 (74.7-116) 134 (110-158) 729 

05-06 27.5 (24.3-31.3) 29.0 (23.7-36.6) 57.2 (48.7-64.9) 88.6 (75.1-105) 125 (96.2-154) 702 

07-08 26.2 (22.5-30.6) 27.3 (22.1-32.8) 51.7 (46.2-63.8) 111 (77.7-132) 149 (103-188) 401 

09-10 18.9 (16.1-22.2) 22.3 (19.4-24.4) 37.2 (31.3-43.4) 61.7 (52.8-73.2) 81.4 (68.9-86.3) 420 

20 years and older 99-00 21.6 (19.0-24.5) 23.1 (19.7-26.1) 46.3 (36.9-53.6) 95.0 (78.7-111) 143 (117-161) 1461 

01-02 17.0 (15.4-18.8) 19.1 (17.1-20.4) 35.1 (31.6-40.2) 64.8 (57.3-79.7) 95.4 (84.6-113) 1647 

03-04 19.0 (17.7-20.5) 20.7 (18.9-22.9) 38.4 (35.7-42.7) 74.7 (64.1-82.6) 108 (90.7-127) 1534 

05-06 17.7 (16.0-19.6) 18.4 (16.6-20.6) 36.7 (32.5-41.4) 65.1 (55.4-74.3) 101 (84.3-121) 1490 

07-08 17.2 (15.6-19.1) 18.6 (16.7-20.3) 34.5 (31.5-39.1) 63.8 (56.4-72.5) 98.3 (83.0-115) 1814 

09-10 13.5 (12.0-15.1) 14.5 (13.0-16.0) 28.1 (24.1-32.0) 50.0 (44.1-56.1) 68.9 (60.6-77.3) 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 22.0 (20.1-24.1) 23.2 (20.4-26.3) 43.1 (36.6-49.5) 84.4 (71.3-96.2) 116 (97.8-132) 1215 

01-02 17.7 (16.0-19.6) 19.3 (17.3-21.0) 34.5 (30.3-40.6) 62.1 (54.1-75.5) 95.2 (75.5-117) 1371 

03-04 20.0 (18.1-22.0) 21.1 (19.0-24.0) 39.4 (35.5-43.4) 65.5 (59.0-73.0) 95.9 (79.8-111) 1250 

05-06 19.8 (18.4-21.4) 20.7 (19.0-23.0) 38.5 (34.6-42.0) 63.8 (56.8-72.0) 96.2 (79.0-113) 1270 

07-08 18.4 (16.8-20.3) 19.0 (17.3-21.3) 36.0 (32.5-40.4) 60.9 (52.8-68.8) 88.3 (72.6-110) 1294 

09-10 14.5 (13.0-16.3) 15.4 (13.7-16.9) 28.4 (25.9-31.2) 51.7 (44.3-54.8) 68.9 (58.9-78.0) 1399 

Females 99-00 27.3 (23.6-31.5) 30.0 (25.9-33.3) 59.7 (51.6-69.6) 120 (98.3-145) 167 (143-223) 1326 

01-02 20.2 (18.2-22.4) 21.7 (19.7-24.3) 46.7 (43.1-51.1) 85.0 (72.7-92.5) 121 (106-136) 1411 

03-04 22.2 (21.2-23.3) 24.4 (23.4-25.8) 47.3 (42.7-53.0) 95.9 (79.9-114) 137 (122-156) 1355 

05-06 19.5 (17.2-22.0) 20.4 (17.1-24.7) 42.3 (36.7-52.0) 83.2 (71.0-90.2) 124 (101-137) 1278 

07-08 19.3 (17.2-21.7) 20.8 (18.1-23.2) 42.5 (35.6-50.6) 83.7 (68.6-109) 132 (109-151) 1310 

09-10 14.7 (13.1-16.5) 16.4 (13.9-19.3) 32.7 (29.9-37.1) 57.7 (52.7-63.9) 86.2 (68.9-113) 1350 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.9, 1.1, 0.4, 0.6, 0.6, and 0.4 respectively. 

*In the 1999-2000 survey period, concentrations of mono-isobutyl and mono-n-butyl phthalates were measured together and expressed as the combined value, monobutyl phthalate (MBP) 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

203 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) 

Metabolite of Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.* 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 23.4 (21.8-25.1) 26.3 (23.9-28.1) 48.1 (41.2-56.7) 92.2 (78.9-101) 117 (104-131) 814 

01-02 20.1 (16.6-24.5) 23.1 (18.0-26.5) 42.1 (34.0-51.5) 77.1 (62.9-92.5) 112 (84.6-143) 677 

03-04 24.1 (19.8-29.5) 26.9 (20.2-32.0) 47.4 (38.0-58.5) 85.6 (61.7-117) 127 (99.8-165) 652 

05-06 22.4 (18.6-27.0) 23.5 (19.0-29.0) 45.4 (37.1-55.4) 90.2 (71.1-119) 132 (106-174) 637 

07-08 22.2 (18.5-26.7) 22.4 (17.8-27.1) 43.8 (36.2-50.4) 76.4 (59.8-106) 145 (85.6-223) 531 

09-10 17.2 (15.3-19.4) 17.3 (14.3-20.9) 34.3 (31.4-38.8) 56.1 (47.7-67.9) 80.0 (65.1-107) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 37.0 (31.9-42.9) 38.7 (33.4-44.5) 78.2 (58.7-91.8) 118 (108-143) 167 (143-197) 603 

01-02 29.6 (26.6-33.1) 31.5 (28.7-34.1) 58.3 (51.2-63.4) 93.2 (79.5-121) 138 (110-184) 703 

03-04 30.1 (28.4-31.9) 31.5 (29.7-34.1) 64.1 (58.3-67.1) 106 (94.8-119) 144 (115-168) 699 

05-06 27.1 (23.1-31.8) 28.5 (25.0-31.2) 53.1 (39.9-65.8) 105 (77.3-135) 143 (118-183) 678 

07-08 25.0 (21.9-28.4) 25.8 (22.0-30.4) 52.4 (43.9-59.5) 91.2 (75.6-106) 114 (96.8-148) 597 

09-10 21.9 (19.2-25.0) 23.2 (20.0-26.3) 42.4 (37.1-47.5) 69.1 (59.4-84.2) 103 (74.8-134) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 21.8 (19.3-24.6) 23.2 (19.5-27.5) 46.3 (37.5-53.3) 90.2 (74.7-106) 142 (111-161) 912 

01-02 17.6 (16.0-19.3) 19.2 (17.0-21.0) 36.6 (32.4-42.6) 69.2 (59.2-87.6) 107 (89.8-123) 1216 

03-04 18.9 (17.6-20.3) 20.7 (18.9-22.8) 38.4 (35.5-42.7) 71.3 (60.1-80.0) 101 (90.7-124) 1088 

05-06 17.8 (16.2-19.5) 18.6 (16.9-20.7) 37.8 (33.1-42.1) 65.4 (55.4-73.9) 95.9 (79.5-113) 1038 

07-08 17.8 (16.2-19.5) 18.9 (17.2-20.9) 36.7 (32.3-41.4) 68.0 (58.9-77.2) 110 (86.5-120) 1077 

09-10 13.0 (11.6-14.5) 14.1 (12.7-15.8) 26.6 (23.4-31.0) 48.8 (42.2-54.3) 67.5 (57.6-76.5) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.9, 1.1, 0.4, 0.6, 0.6, and 0.4 respectively. 

*In the 1999-2000 survey period, concentrations of mono-isobutyl and mono-n-butyl phthalates were measured together and expressed as the combined value, monobutyl phthalate (MBP) 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

204 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.* 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 22.4 (20.6-24.4) 21.9 (19.8-24.3) 38.9 (35.0-41.8) 68.3 (60.3-78.3) 97.7 (81.4-131) 2541 

01-02 17.8 (16.7-19.0) 17.4 (16.3-18.4) 30.3 (28.1-32.3) 52.4 (47.4-61.0) 81.3 (71.0-92.5) 2782 

03-04 19.8 (18.5-21.2) 19.3 (17.7-20.8) 33.9 (30.9-38.5) 59.0 (52.9-68.1) 91.6 (74.1-115) 2605 

05-06 19.2 (18.0-20.4) 18.3 (16.8-19.8) 30.8 (29.0-33.0) 50.8 (47.8-56.6) 77.8 (67.2-94.8) 2548 

07-08 19.0 (17.7-20.5) 18.8 (17.2-20.0) 31.4 (28.7-34.1) 52.0 (46.4-59.5) 77.1 (64.2-88.6) 2604 

09-10 15.3 (14.0-16.6) 14.4 (13.4-15.8) 23.6 (21.7-25.2) 38.7 (34.1-45.8) 57.4 (49.8-69.9) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 41.9 (37.4-47.1) 39.1 (34.3-49.0) 65.9 (56.7-80.0) 108 (71.2-179) 159 (102-263) 328 

01-02 35.4 (31.7-39.6) 35.1 (29.3-38.9) 55.4 (50.1-62.3) 84.0 (69.0-113) 147 (93.8-235) 393 

03-04 38.4 (33.8-43.6) 39.0 (34.7-42.6) 59.3 (52.9-68.1) 104 (83.6-119) 137 (108-198) 342 

05-06 33.6 (30.8-36.6) 33.9 (30.6-37.4) 50.6 (45.0-58.3) 78.5 (66.8-111) 128 (73.4-172) 356 

07-08 33.1 (27.6-39.7) 34.2 (27.5-41.3) 51.9 (42.6-63.8) 81.8 (61.3-101) 109 (83.1-159) 389 

09-10 28.3 (25.0-32.0) 26.7 (24.0-31.1) 47.8 (39.4-53.9) 78.6 (59.8-101) 130 (98.9-156) 415 

12-19 years 99-00 24.3 (21.2-27.8) 23.7 (20.6-27.4) 37.6 (31.6-43.8) 63.3 (52.4-76.4) 88.1 (61.5-142) 752 

01-02 19.4 (17.3-21.7) 20.3 (17.5-22.3) 34.9 (30.5-37.9) 53.4 (45.2-73.9) 89.7 (60.3-106) 742 

03-04 20.0 (18.7-21.3) 19.8 (18.2-21.7) 30.7 (27.9-34.8) 52.7 (43.4-65.4) 74.4 (56.0-90.9) 729 

05-06 20.5 (19.0-22.2) 21.2 (18.8-22.9) 31.9 (29.6-33.8) 49.3 (42.1-56.4) 70.2 (52.0-108) 702 

07-08 20.4 (18.4-22.6) 21.9 (18.7-25.7) 33.8 (30.0-38.5) 50.7 (42.4-64.0) 72.4 (50.7-84.5) 401 

09-10 15.2 (13.8-16.8) 15.3 (13.8-18.4) 22.5 (21.1-24.8) 31.8 (28.2-34.6) 42.3 (33.8-51.2) 420 

20 years and older 99-00 20.4 (18.6-22.4) 19.5 (18.1-21.4) 34.9 (30.3-40.0) 62.4 (53.4-72.1) 91.0 (70.4-135) 1461 

01-02 16.1 (15.0-17.3) 15.5 (14.2-16.5) 26.3 (24.2-28.6) 44.2 (38.7-51.1) 71.6 (61.2-85.6) 1647 

03-04 18.3 (17.0-19.6) 17.7 (16.6-19.2) 31.0 (27.4-34.0) 53.3 (46.5-64.2) 83.8 (65.3-114) 1534 

05-06 17.8 (16.4-19.2) 16.8 (15.6-18.4) 28.1 (25.3-30.9) 46.1 (41.5-53.0) 74.3 (55.4-94.8) 1490 

07-08 17.7 (16.3-19.2) 17.2 (15.7-18.8) 28.2 (25.8-30.5) 46.7 (42.0-53.3) 71.8 (57.8-89.5) 1814 

09-10 14.3 (13.0-15.7) 13.5 (12.5-14.8) 21.6 (20.0-23.8) 34.5 (30.1-40.2) 50.9 (42.2-67.7) 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 17.3 (16.1-18.6) 17.0 (15.5-18.8) 28.6 (25.8-32.1) 49.3 (42.6-53.5) 64.7 (57.3-71.5) 1215 

01-02 14.4 (13.5-15.4) 13.7 (12.9-14.9) 22.9 (20.8-24.6) 39.9 (35.6-44.0) 60.0 (50.5-76.2) 1371 

03-04 15.7 (14.5-16.9) 14.8 (13.6-16.0) 25.4 (23.6-28.1) 41.4 (37.0-47.5) 59.4 (50.3-81.5) 1250 

05-06 15.9 (15.1-16.8) 15.4 (14.2-16.4) 24.9 (23.1-27.0) 38.6 (35.7-42.3) 51.2 (46.1-63.5) 1270 

07-08 15.5 (14.4-16.8) 14.7 (13.4-16.3) 24.9 (22.6-27.6) 40.8 (35.2-44.9) 55.2 (46.1-65.2) 1294 

09-10 13.0 (12.0-14.2) 12.8 (11.7-13.6) 19.9 (18.1-21.2) 30.3 (28.4-33.2) 45.3 (39.7-53.8) 1399 

Females 99-00 28.6 (25.3-32.3) 28.8 (25.5-30.5) 50.6 (41.9-56.3) 84.3 (69.2-106) 134 (93.6-155) 1326 

01-02 21.7 (19.6-23.9) 21.6 (19.7-23.6) 35.8 (33.0-38.7) 64.9 (58.9-70.2) 91.5 (81.4-103) 1411 

03-04 24.8 (22.9-26.8) 24.1 (21.6-26.8) 42.9 (39.2-48.9) 74.9 (64.2-86.6) 117 (83.6-139) 1355 

05-06 22.9 (20.9-25.1) 21.5 (19.4-24.6) 37.1 (33.3-41.9) 67.2 (56.8-74.4) 99.6 (77.8-128) 1278 

07-08 23.1 (21.0-25.5) 22.8 (20.9-25.2) 38.0 (32.7-43.1) 62.7 (52.1-78.5) 89.8 (76.2-126) 1310 

09-10 17.8 (16.0-19.7) 17.6 (15.1-19.4) 27.1 (24.4-30.3) 47.8 (37.9-53.8) 70.6 (53.8-91.5) 1350 

*In the 1999-2000 survey period, concentrations of mono-isobutyl and mono-n-butyl phthalates were measured together and expressed as the combined value, monobutyl phthalate (MBP) 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

205 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and Benzylbutyl phthalate (BzBP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.* 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 21.2 (19.3-23.3) 20.0 (18.2-22.9) 40.1 (32.6-44.3) 63.6 (57.5-70.1) 82.9 (73.9-100) 814 

01-02 19.0 (16.2-22.2) 19.2 (16.3-21.9) 33.7 (28.3-39.6) 61.0 (43.9-84.0) 86.7 (60.6-128) 677 

03-04 21.8 (17.7-26.8) 20.4 (17.4-24.0) 37.6 (29.6-50.1) 75.3 (55.6-92.0) 96.3 (76.4-164) 652 

05-06 20.1 (17.8-22.8) 19.1 (16.4-23.0) 34.3 (29.2-42.6) 64.8 (54.6-75.9) 98.1 (70.2-154) 637 

07-08 21.7 (17.7-26.5) 20.9 (16.4-27.1) 36.9 (29.1-46.7) 59.5 (47.1-88.9) 102 (63.4-161) 531 

09-10 17.1 (15.5-18.8) 15.0 (14.0-16.3) 27.4 (23.6-31.6) 51.0 (42.9-69.6) 88.1 (59.8-100) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 23.9 (21.3-26.8) 25.0 (20.7-28.1) 42.2 (35.9-49.6) 70.0 (61.1-83.9) 96.2 (83.9-105) 603 

01-02 20.8 (18.8-23.1) 20.2 (19.2-22.8) 34.5 (30.9-36.8) 62.8 (50.6-74.6) 85.6 (72.1-99.0) 703 

03-04 21.4 (19.5-23.4) 22.0 (19.6-24.8) 35.4 (31.6-42.7) 65.7 (54.0-75.3) 94.0 (71.1-128) 699 

05-06 19.1 (16.4-22.1) 18.5 (16.2-20.7) 30.1 (24.9-39.5) 54.6 (42.0-81.3) 84.7 (51.3-125) 678 

07-08 19.4 (17.3-21.7) 19.2 (16.8-22.0) 30.5 (27.0-36.5) 50.7 (42.8-60.4) 78.3 (59.3-125) 597 

09-10 15.9 (14.5-17.4) 15.3 (13.5-18.6) 24.9 (22.6-27.2) 37.6 (33.8-45.4) 51.2 (44.7-70.6) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 21.3 (19.1-23.8) 20.5 (18.6-23.2) 36.4 (31.5-41.0) 67.1 (56.7-78.4) 97.7 (73.5-142) 912 

01-02 17.4 (16.2-18.6) 16.5 (15.3-17.8) 29.0 (26.6-32.2) 51.1 (46.0-60.0) 81.4 (68.1-99.0) 1216 

03-04 18.6 (17.3-20.1) 17.9 (16.7-19.8) 31.6 (27.7-37.8) 53.3 (48.2-61.5) 81.5 (64.2-108) 1088 

05-06 18.7 (17.5-19.9) 17.9 (16.3-19.5) 29.7 (27.5-32.0) 48.7 (42.2-55.4) 74.3 (58.3-94.5) 1038 

07-08 18.5 (17.3-19.9) 18.1 (16.6-19.6) 30.4 (27.3-33.3) 50.9 (43.6-61.0) 75.8 (62.6-88.0) 1077 

09-10 14.6 (13.5-15.7) 13.9 (13.2-15.0) 22.1 (20.3-24.2) 35.3 (30.9-40.6) 52.5 (45.8-63.0) 1206 

*In the 1999-2000 survey period, concentrations of mono-isobutyl and mono-n-butyl phthalates were measured together and expressed as the combined value, monobutyl phthalate (MBP) 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DBP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

206 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-cyclohexyl phthalate (MCHP) 

Metabolite of Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.21 (<LOD-3.42) 2541 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .804 (.603-1.01) 1.01 (.804-1.21) 2782 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .603 (.402-.804) 2605 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2548 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2604 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 2.01 (<LOD-2.21) 3.42 (2.01-7.64) 328 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .804 (.603-1.01) 1.21 (1.01-1.41) 393 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .603 (<LOD-.804) 1.01 (.603-1.01) 342 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 356 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 389 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .960 (.640-1.57) 415 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 2.01 (<LOD-3.02) 3.42 (2.01-5.03) 752 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .804 (.603-1.01) 1.01 (.804-1.21) 742 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .402 (<LOD-.603) .804 (.603-1.21) 729 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 702 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 401 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 420 

20 years and older 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1461 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .804 (<LOD-1.01) 1.01 (.804-1.21) 1647 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .603 (.402-.603) 1534 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1490 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1814 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.21 (<LOD-4.02) 1215 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .804 (.603-1.01) 1.01 (.804-1.21) 1371 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .603 (.603-.804) 1250 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1270 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1399 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.21 (<LOD-3.82) 1326 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .804 (<LOD-.804) 1.01 (.804-1.01) 1411 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .603 (.402-1.01) 1355 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1278 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1310 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1350 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 1.81, 0.603, 0.402, 0.603, 0.603, and 0.402 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 2.01 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously released. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DCHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

207 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-cyclohexyl phthalate (MCHP) 

Metabolite of Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 814 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .804 (<LOD-1.01) 1.01 (.603-1.41) 677 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .603 (.402-1.01) 652 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 531 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .440 (<LOD-.640) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.21 (1.81-2.41) 603 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .804 (.603-1.01) 1.01 (.804-1.41) 703 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .603 (.402-.603) .804 (.603-1.01) 699 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 678 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 597 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .480 (<LOD-.620) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.01 (<LOD-3.42) 912 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .804 (<LOD-.804) 1.01 (.804-1.21) 1216 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .603 (.402-.804) 1088 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1038 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1077 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 1.81, 0.603, 0.402, 0.603, 0.603, and 0.402 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 2.01 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously released. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DCHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

208 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-cyclohexyl phthalate (MCHP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 6.03 (<LOD-6.69) 2541 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD 1.23 (1.07-1.39) 1.83 (1.55-2.01) 2782 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .905 (.804-1.01) 2605 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2548 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2604 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 3.10 (<LOD-4.70) 5.67 (3.10-12.9) 328 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD 1.39 (1.03-1.49) 1.89 (1.39-2.35) 393 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .744 (<LOD-1.07) 1.07 (.704-1.67) 342 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 356 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 389 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.80 (1.34-2.55) 415 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 2.45 (<LOD-3.10) 3.36 (2.73-3.66) 752 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .945 (.764-1.33) 1.55 (1.07-2.37) 742 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .442 (<LOD-.543) .764 (.482-1.25) 729 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 702 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 401 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 420 

20 years and older 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1461 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD 1.27 (<LOD-1.39) 1.83 (1.55-2.11) 1647 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .905 (.804-1.01) 1534 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1490 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1814 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 4.30 (<LOD-6.35) 1215 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD 1.03 (.844-1.33) 1.77 (1.35-2.13) 1371 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .663 (.583-1.01) 1250 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1270 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1399 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 6.69 (<LOD-7.10) 1326 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD 1.35 (<LOD-1.55) 1.83 (1.61-2.21) 1411 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.01 (.844-1.19) 1355 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1278 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1310 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1350 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 2.01 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously released 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DCHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

209 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-cyclohexyl phthalate (MCHP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 814 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD 1.19 (<LOD-1.39) 1.91 (1.59-2.23) 677 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .784 (.623-1.13) 652 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 531 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.20 (<LOD-1.56) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.87 (2.25-3.50) 603 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD .824 (.724-.985) 1.19 (1.01-1.43) 703 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .503 (.342-.623) .663 (.523-.945) 699 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 678 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 597 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .880 (<LOD-1.08) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 6.35 (<LOD-7.10) 912 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD 1.27 (<LOD-1.49) 1.83 (1.55-2.13) 1216 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .965 (.844-1.07) 1088 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1038 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1077 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1206 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 2.01 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously released 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DCHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

210 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) 

Metabolite of Diethyl phthalate (DEP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 118 (103-135) 108 (90.0-132) 300 (244-355) 830 (664-977) 1870 (1420-2490) 2536 

01-02 117 (105-131) 112 (93.0-128) 307 (274-348) 813 (688-947) 1650 (1230-2130) 2782 

03-04 127 (112-145) 115 (99.9-137) 332 (302-366) 909 (769-1150) 1780 (1420-2180) 2605 

05-06 108 (95.5-123) 102 (83.4-121) 284 (257-323) 750 (707-825) 1410 (1140-1830) 2548 

07-08 90.4 (80.3-102) 81.1 (70.8-93.5) 239 (205-272) 605 (493-713) 1180 (821-1760) 2604 

09-10 64.4 (58.3-71.2) 54.9 (50.5-62.7) 163 (145-187) 485 (374-604) 988 (805-1180) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 60.3 (49.4-73.6) 49.8 (41.0-61.8) 130 (85.2-164) 249 (192-481) 499 (250-703) 328 

01-02 56.2 (47.0-67.2) 47.5 (40.9-61.1) 121 (93.7-143) 297 (208-420) 533 (377-717) 393 

03-04 62.9 (54.3-72.9) 53.9 (46.4-67.9) 130 (112-159) 344 (195-377) 546 (358-949) 342 

05-06 55.7 (45.7-67.9) 47.9 (38.3-61.6) 111 (73.9-147) 289 (173-368) 522 (326-719) 356 

07-08 49.0 (42.4-56.6) 45.2 (38.5-53.3) 108 (80.5-135) 193 (155-227) 296 (214-359) 389 

09-10 35.2 (31.2-39.8) 33.0 (29.8-37.8) 68.7 (54.3-80.9) 151 (114-207) 288 (205-530) 415 

12-19 years 99-00 139 (105-183) 127 (92.8-169) 372 (276-540) 994 (694-1420) 2150 (1020-2920) 752 

01-02 130 (105-161) 121 (97.9-150) 316 (256-429) 835 (649-974) 1360 (969-2020) 742 

03-04 148 (123-178) 146 (109-194) 367 (285-459) 828 (642-1030) 1520 (900-2180) 729 

05-06 126 (108-146) 114 (96.4-134) 315 (256-390) 765 (636-1060) 1360 (1030-1680) 702 

07-08 98.6 (79.1-123) 97.4 (68.3-130) 214 (173-330) 477 (356-705) 821 (511-1270) 401 

09-10 64.0 (50.1-81.8) 53.9 (39.0-75.4) 151 (101-228) 354 (260-497) 662 (371-1190) 420 

20 years and older 99-00 125 (108-145) 119 (92.6-146) 318 (257-389) 882 (666-1100) 2300 (1470-3060) 1456 

01-02 126 (113-141) 120 (101-140) 329 (291-374) 888 (702-1100) 1800 (1420-2420) 1647 

03-04 135 (116-157) 124 (104-145) 351 (311-415) 1050 (807-1370) 1970 (1480-2510) 1534 

05-06 114 (99.0-132) 111 (87.1-131) 299 (268-346) 782 (724-901) 1480 (1140-2080) 1490 

07-08 95.3 (85.4-106) 84.7 (75.6-97.8) 264 (235-299) 673 (539-823) 1470 (913-1920) 1814 

09-10 69.0 (61.8-76.9) 60.5 (54.0-68.7) 183 (159-207) 557 (445-712) 1110 (875-1350) 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 118 (98.5-142) 102 (78.3-130) 345 (246-429) 948 (672-1500) 2310 (1400-3010) 1214 

01-02 120 (103-139) 113 (91.8-131) 331 (276-398) 957 (703-1390) 2040 (1390-2900) 1371 

03-04 130 (114-148) 113 (97.8-133) 354 (296-432) 1000 (801-1370) 1920 (1460-2300) 1250 

05-06 107 (92.1-124) 95.9 (75.8-120) 279 (227-340) 757 (651-855) 1470 (923-1930) 1270 

07-08 92.8 (80.1-107) 81.0 (70.4-93.3) 245 (194-298) 659 (481-867) 1450 (851-1900) 1294 

09-10 61.0 (54.2-68.6) 52.8 (45.4-58.3) 157 (126-202) 436 (342-586) 965 (768-1170) 1399 

Females 99-00 118 (102-136) 115 (91.3-139) 280 (231-335) 652 (581-813) 1470 (903-2560) 1322 

01-02 115 (101-131) 110 (91.5-128) 282 (255-329) 692 (580-867) 1230 (982-1650) 1411 

03-04 125 (106-148) 120 (90.9-145) 316 (258-372) 830 (639-1080) 1710 (1190-2260) 1355 

05-06 110 (92.8-130) 109 (86.8-130) 291 (252-346) 734 (671-871) 1310 (1140-1900) 1278 

07-08 88.2 (77.8-99.9) 82.4 (67.6-101) 233 (202-264) 553 (462-703) 1050 (713-1680) 1310 

09-10 67.8 (60.3-76.4) 59.6 (52.4-73.7) 164 (148-192) 548 (392-675) 988 (777-1340) 1350 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.792, 0.594, 0.264, 0.528, 0.462, and 0.396 respectively. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 0.66 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously released. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

211 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) 

Metabolite of Diethyl phthalate (DEP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 119 (103-138) 115 (96.5-138) 291 (257-357) 842 (561-996) 1130 (966-1410) 813 

01-02 149 (129-173) 145 (125-174) 349 (293-435) 984 (690-1390) 1730 (1010-2940) 677 

03-04 176 (158-196) 164 (140-202) 394 (345-454) 1080 (873-1440) 2010 (1470-2840) 652 

05-06 163 (130-203) 161 (124-186) 384 (310-466) 1030 (682-1830) 1930 (1170-3330) 637 

07-08 122 (105-141) 111 (82.0-144) 314 (270-372) 850 (604-971) 1180 (971-1520) 531 

09-10 82.2 (70.0-96.5) 72.6 (59.6-84.0) 199 (142-254) 586 (415-869) 1300 (818-1760) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 213 (182-249) 202 (169-231) 521 (419-626) 1250 (932-1500) 2380 (1410-3060) 603 

01-02 233 (214-253) 235 (191-269) 563 (468-718) 1430 (1070-1630) 2340 (1860-3350) 703 

03-04 236 (205-272) 202 (167-273) 626 (507-760) 1650 (1220-1970) 2880 (1840-3900) 699 

05-06 219 (189-254) 199 (163-253) 522 (440-700) 1450 (1070-1900) 2610 (1900-3600) 678 

07-08 168 (145-195) 165 (132-202) 415 (343-493) 994 (711-1260) 1920 (1090-3370) 597 

09-10 156 (130-188) 137 (113-159) 405 (276-543) 1190 (841-1570) 1930 (1430-3380) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 101 (87.6-116) 88.4 (71.0-104) 242 (189-318) 651 (527-882) 1630 (1050-2560) 908 

01-02 104 (92.8-117) 96.8 (78.8-117) 273 (241-297) 672 (598-813) 1530 (1030-1800) 1216 

03-04 110 (95.4-128) 97.8 (82.4-115) 276 (242-315) 801 (630-975) 1480 (1050-2170) 1088 

05-06 91.3 (80.3-104) 84.2 (69.4-111) 232 (196-278) 600 (500-715) 1140 (757-1550) 1038 

07-08 78.9 (70.4-88.5) 68.9 (59.8-80.1) 199 (175-233) 506 (429-650) 880 (670-1500) 1077 

09-10 52.1 (48.1-56.5) 45.1 (40.0-51.6) 127 (106-140) 309 (259-394) 768 (468-988) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.792, 0.594, 0.264, 0.528, 0.462, and 0.396 respectively. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 0.66 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously released. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

212 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Diethyl phthalate (DEP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 107 (98.0-118) 93.0 (85.4-104) 237 (203-278) 598 (497-781) 1290 (1100-1530) 2536 

01-02 110 (99.3-122) 97.4 (87.9-107) 256 (218-287) 640 (532-778) 1220 (959-1450) 2782 

03-04 120 (107-133) 101 (90.1-117) 298 (254-332) 733 (587-853) 1350 (1080-1680) 2605 

05-06 106 (95.3-117) 92.3 (80.9-104) 242 (211-286) 625 (528-711) 1140 (942-1310) 2548 

07-08 91.1 (82.6-101) 75.3 (68.6-83.5) 204 (185-231) 547 (433-680) 987 (821-1190) 2604 

09-10 67.2 (60.5-74.7) 56.1 (48.9-66.8) 150 (128-172) 433 (373-524) 850 (709-999) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 61.1 (51.4-72.7) 52.5 (43.3-72.4) 109 (83.6-137) 225 (145-365) 412 (264-517) 328 

01-02 64.0 (54.4-75.2) 53.6 (43.7-69.4) 117 (88.8-148) 338 (191-529) 556 (338-874) 393 

03-04 66.6 (57.5-77.1) 57.4 (43.9-74.7) 119 (95.6-134) 310 (205-394) 474 (310-877) 342 

05-06 61.3 (49.6-75.8) 50.1 (42.7-61.0) 107 (76.2-145) 279 (167-441) 512 (366-1210) 356 

07-08 60.4 (53.9-67.7) 52.8 (42.4-64.2) 108 (96.3-134) 205 (166-237) 278 (228-386) 389 

09-10 45.9 (41.0-51.3) 39.0 (34.7-41.8) 73.0 (63.2-87.2) 168 (125-234) 296 (182-590) 415 

12-19 years 99-00 93.7 (78.6-112) 80.7 (61.4-103) 240 (181-326) 580 (446-834) 1160 (661-1320) 752 

01-02 100 (83.0-121) 92.4 (73.1-119) 218 (164-270) 533 (389-729) 878 (573-1220) 742 

03-04 111 (93.1-132) 99.1 (81.2-121) 240 (193-320) 522 (389-714) 969 (651-1470) 729 

05-06 93.6 (80.5-109) 85.3 (69.0-104) 201 (174-238) 500 (389-635) 813 (590-1110) 702 

07-08 76.7 (61.8-95.1) 72.8 (53.3-91.3) 161 (108-218) 334 (213-491) 547 (334-866) 401 

09-10 51.4 (40.8-64.9) 46.6 (31.2-68.8) 108 (84.2-137) 236 (150-393) 419 (268-524) 420 

20 years and older 99-00 118 (107-131) 102 (89.5-117) 257 (222-298) 669 (530-965) 1430 (1180-2210) 1456 

01-02 119 (108-132) 105 (96.3-120) 277 (240-321) 702 (583-871) 1400 (1010-1840) 1647 

03-04 130 (115-147) 117 (96.8-133) 338 (279-417) 815 (652-1060) 1510 (1170-2110) 1534 

05-06 115 (103-128) 100 (87.6-117) 278 (233-309) 700 (574-803) 1220 (972-1530) 1490 

07-08 97.9 (89.6-107) 78.7 (73.2-87.7) 236 (208-266) 624 (518-759) 1100 (875-1380) 1814 

09-10 73.0 (65.1-81.9) 62.5 (52.4-72.8) 173 (149-195) 523 (407-662) 989 (810-1120) 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 92.8 (82.0-105) 79.0 (70.8-88.2) 214 (165-274) 661 (457-978) 1290 (965-1920) 1214 

01-02 97.6 (85.8-111) 83.2 (72.6-96.8) 232 (186-280) 729 (554-974) 1400 (980-2000) 1371 

03-04 102 (91.9-113) 83.7 (71.0-99.0) 258 (225-307) 704 (562-896) 1320 (1060-1590) 1250 

05-06 85.7 (75.4-97.4) 73.0 (61.0-90.2) 204 (172-231) 504 (368-673) 898 (607-1240) 1270 

07-08 78.1 (68.5-89.1) 65.5 (57.0-73.8) 181 (162-216) 490 (390-625) 936 (662-1190) 1294 

09-10 54.7 (48.3-62.0) 43.3 (38.2-54.2) 125 (97.7-153) 314 (262-436) 792 (570-935) 1399 

Females 99-00 123 (109-139) 104 (93.7-118) 249 (203-326) 543 (460-770) 1270 (770-2250) 1322 

01-02 123 (110-139) 113 (97.4-124) 269 (235-312) 568 (470-725) 944 (784-1330) 1411 

03-04 139 (119-163) 120 (97.8-143) 335 (250-418) 741 (587-923) 1490 (951-2200) 1355 

05-06 129 (116-144) 106 (97.4-121) 293 (247-333) 759 (629-920) 1370 (1150-1730) 1278 

07-08 106 (95.5-117) 88.5 (77.6-98.6) 227 (188-278) 610 (491-727) 1040 (759-1520) 1310 

09-10 81.9 (72.7-92.2) 69.9 (57.2-80.9) 178 (151-214) 523 (407-661) 987 (716-1220) 1350 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 0.66 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously released. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

213 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Diethyl phthalate (DEP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 108 (93.9-125) 102 (89.8-115) 252 (207-312) 538 (444-643) 875 (643-1270) 813 

01-02 141 (120-165) 131 (108-160) 304 (261-378) 714 (568-1090) 1280 (928-1740) 677 

03-04 159 (141-179) 154 (133-178) 352 (275-439) 815 (631-1060) 1500 (1190-2070) 652 

05-06 146 (123-173) 125 (107-157) 324 (235-425) 767 (600-1020) 1410 (926-2510) 637 

07-08 119 (100-140) 105 (81.9-142) 260 (224-306) 616 (502-750) 1230 (628-2160) 531 

09-10 81.6 (70.9-93.8) 64.9 (56.3-72.7) 170 (131-254) 523 (324-792) 945 (685-1510) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 137 (121-156) 130 (109-151) 292 (257-333) 682 (503-1120) 1270 (810-1710) 603 

01-02 163 (149-179) 150 (122-178) 367 (316-408) 818 (634-979) 1380 (1020-1850) 703 

03-04 167 (148-189) 140 (124-162) 409 (314-522) 1010 (793-1300) 1710 (1420-2310) 699 

05-06 154 (131-181) 134 (113-160) 360 (311-412) 919 (590-1290) 1700 (1070-2030) 678 

07-08 131 (115-148) 121 (105-132) 280 (224-334) 614 (489-843) 1100 (836-1780) 597 

09-10 113 (89.0-143) 92.7 (77.5-121) 236 (180-338) 722 (443-1210) 1300 (890-2240) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 98.3 (88.9-109) 84.5 (72.9-93.7) 206 (158-255) 565 (432-916) 1290 (975-1810) 908 

01-02 103 (93.5-114) 89.6 (82.1-98.9) 223 (190-265) 607 (470-765) 1050 (874-1440) 1216 

03-04 109 (95.3-125) 88.9 (79.2-105) 254 (223-320) 652 (548-876) 1270 (922-1830) 1088 

05-06 96.1 (86.5-107) 84.5 (71.2-97.6) 211 (189-242) 532 (450-686) 993 (828-1240) 1038 

07-08 82.4 (74.7-90.9) 66.4 (58.5-73.8) 185 (158-219) 523 (397-640) 871 (708-1040) 1077 

09-10 58.6 (53.2-64.4) 49.1 (41.4-56.8) 125 (110-146) 366 (278-437) 706 (515-965) 1206 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 0.66 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously released. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

214 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 3.43 (3.19-3.69) 3.20 (3.00-3.60) 7.60 (6.80-8.40) 14.9 (13.5-17.4) 23.8 (19.2-28.6) 2541 

01-02 4.27 (3.80-4.79) 4.20 (3.70-4.90) 9.80 (8.40-11.6) 23.0 (19.1-27.9) 39.2 (31.8-50.0) 2782 

03-04 2.34 (2.10-2.62) 1.90 (1.70-2.40) 5.30 (4.50-6.60) 15.1 (11.4-20.6) 31.0 (21.4-42.0) 2605 

05-06 3.04 (2.78-3.32) 2.50 (2.10-2.80) 6.30 (5.70-7.10) 17.7 (14.0-22.5) 39.7 (28.6-52.1) 2548 

07-08 2.64 (2.29-3.05) 2.20 (1.80-2.50) 5.40 (4.30-6.90) 14.1 (11.2-20.2) 27.6 (19.8-39.8) 2604 

09-10 1.59 (1.41-1.79) 1.51 (1.33-1.71) 3.52 (2.99-4.00) 7.54 (5.96-9.54) 14.1 (9.91-21.1) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 5.12 (4.42-5.92) 4.90 (3.70-6.40) 11.1 (8.30-13.6) 19.0 (13.8-36.1) 35.3 (15.6-130) 328 

01-02 4.41 (3.90-5.00) 4.40 (4.10-5.30) 9.30 (7.90-11.7) 19.7 (14.6-25.9) 31.4 (21.8-47.9) 393 

03-04 2.84 (2.10-3.84) 2.70 (1.80-4.10) 6.40 (4.40-9.60) 13.9 (7.80-27.6) 27.6 (11.3-64.7) 342 

05-06 3.10 (2.78-3.47) 3.00 (2.60-3.30) 6.20 (5.10-7.10) 14.1 (9.40-19.3) 19.7 (14.7-36.6) 356 

07-08 2.39 (2.05-2.80) 2.20 (1.70-2.90) 4.50 (3.70-6.20) 8.70 (6.40-13.9) 15.1 (10.6-24.1) 389 

09-10 1.64 (1.45-1.85) 1.71 (1.26-2.02) 3.50 (3.09-3.94) 5.95 (4.56-7.56) 8.92 (6.94-12.9) 415 

12-19 years 99-00 3.75 (3.24-4.35) 3.70 (2.90-4.60) 8.10 (6.40-9.40) 15.3 (11.4-20.5) 22.8 (19.1-29.2) 752 

01-02 4.57 (3.96-5.27) 4.50 (3.70-5.10) 11.0 (9.50-14.4) 23.0 (17.7-32.7) 42.5 (25.9-57.5) 742 

03-04 2.77 (2.25-3.41) 2.50 (2.00-3.00) 6.40 (4.50-8.60) 18.6 (10.2-35.6) 40.6 (20.7-58.4) 729 

05-06 3.72 (3.04-4.56) 3.20 (2.40-4.10) 8.80 (6.20-13.3) 22.6 (13.8-43.4) 48.7 (23.1-62.9) 702 

07-08 2.99 (2.39-3.75) 2.30 (1.80-2.70) 6.00 (4.40-9.90) 21.1 (11.8-32.8) 37.6 (24.8-74.1) 401 

09-10 1.82 (1.52-2.16) 1.66 (1.42-1.94) 3.98 (3.35-4.73) 9.53 (6.27-14.0) 17.6 (9.54-27.4) 420 

20 years and older 99-00 3.21 (2.94-3.51) 3.00 (2.70-3.40) 7.30 (6.40-8.00) 14.5 (12.1-17.0) 22.7 (17.5-27.0) 1461 

01-02 4.20 (3.63-4.86) 4.10 (3.50-5.00) 9.50 (8.10-11.9) 23.5 (18.0-29.8) 39.5 (30.3-57.1) 1647 

03-04 2.23 (2.03-2.44) 1.70 (1.50-2.00) 5.10 (4.50-6.00) 15.1 (10.9-19.7) 29.5 (20.4-40.0) 1534 

05-06 2.94 (2.68-3.21) 2.30 (1.90-2.70) 6.20 (5.60-6.70) 17.7 (13.6-24.5) 41.5 (28.6-54.1) 1490 

07-08 2.62 (2.27-3.02) 2.10 (1.80-2.50) 5.40 (4.20-7.10) 14.4 (11.2-20.2) 27.3 (19.2-40.6) 1814 

09-10 1.55 (1.36-1.78) 1.44 (1.25-1.68) 3.40 (2.88-4.03) 7.39 (5.94-9.58) 14.6 (9.91-21.1) 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 3.68 (3.31-4.10) 3.40 (2.90-3.90) 8.00 (7.40-8.80) 16.0 (14.0-19.0) 25.3 (19.5-36.7) 1215 

01-02 4.31 (3.84-4.83) 4.30 (3.70-5.10) 9.70 (8.30-11.2) 23.0 (16.9-29.8) 37.9 (29.9-48.4) 1371 

03-04 2.56 (2.26-2.90) 2.20 (1.70-2.60) 6.00 (4.60-7.70) 17.2 (11.3-26.3) 33.3 (24.9-55.5) 1250 

05-06 3.40 (3.01-3.85) 2.80 (2.40-3.30) 7.00 (5.70-9.00) 22.6 (15.0-35.8) 49.8 (35.2-67.4) 1270 

07-08 2.77 (2.35-3.27) 2.30 (1.90-2.80) 5.50 (4.20-7.60) 14.4 (11.2-20.5) 28.9 (19.2-40.0) 1294 

09-10 1.83 (1.63-2.05) 1.77 (1.63-1.91) 3.97 (3.49-4.51) 8.63 (6.94-11.9) 18.0 (12.6-29.0) 1399 

Females 99-00 3.21 (2.91-3.54) 3.10 (2.80-3.50) 7.10 (5.90-8.50) 13.6 (12.1-17.2) 21.9 (15.6-28.5) 1326 

01-02 4.23 (3.67-4.86) 4.10 (3.50-5.00) 9.80 (8.40-12.2) 23.0 (19.5-28.4) 43.5 (31.4-53.7) 1411 

03-04 2.15 (1.92-2.42) 1.80 (1.50-2.10) 4.90 (4.10-5.70) 13.2 (10.0-18.1) 27.8 (17.5-40.7) 1355 

05-06 2.72 (2.49-2.98) 2.10 (1.90-2.40) 6.00 (5.20-6.80) 13.9 (11.7-17.5) 30.8 (21.9-36.2) 1278 

07-08 2.52 (2.18-2.92) 2.00 (1.70-2.40) 5.10 (4.20-6.30) 14.1 (9.50-21.4) 26.4 (19.2-42.1) 1310 

09-10 1.39 (1.21-1.60) 1.30 (1.12-1.53) 3.00 (2.51-3.62) 6.48 (5.45-8.09) 10.3 (8.33-14.9) 1350 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 1.2, 1.0, 0.9, 1.2, 1.1, and 0.5 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

215 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 3.49 (3.16-3.85) 3.50 (3.10-3.90) 7.00 (5.70-8.60) 13.3 (10.7-18.7) 23.9 (17.4-27.3) 814 

01-02 4.32 (3.75-4.98) 4.70 (3.80-5.70) 10.1 (8.50-11.4) 19.6 (16.6-23.0) 28.5 (24.2-39.9) 677 

03-04 2.35 (1.87-2.96) 2.20 (1.50-3.00) 5.10 (4.30-6.60) 11.2 (7.50-16.5) 18.5 (11.6-38.2) 652 

05-06 2.99 (2.50-3.57) 2.30 (1.70-3.30) 5.70 (4.70-7.60) 18.4 (12.1-30.6) 36.4 (26.2-63.8) 637 

07-08 2.89 (2.38-3.50) 2.60 (2.00-3.10) 5.30 (4.40-8.20) 16.9 (10.3-27.3) 30.2 (22.9-34.3) 531 

09-10 2.08 (1.84-2.36) 2.10 (1.86-2.40) 4.44 (3.73-5.63) 9.67 (6.89-16.0) 17.9 (13.1-24.3) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 4.82 (3.92-5.93) 5.20 (4.10-5.80) 9.50 (7.60-11.4) 19.5 (12.9-26.5) 29.5 (18.6-60.3) 603 

01-02 6.60 (5.57-7.82) 6.70 (5.40-8.10) 15.4 (13.0-18.7) 32.9 (26.5-41.4) 52.6 (41.0-84.0) 703 

03-04 3.61 (3.07-4.23) 3.50 (3.00-4.00) 8.50 (7.10-11.4) 22.9 (16.5-28.6) 35.2 (29.3-49.1) 699 

05-06 4.09 (3.51-4.75) 3.70 (3.10-4.10) 9.10 (6.90-11.9) 22.5 (17.4-40.7) 59.3 (34.5-86.7) 678 

07-08 3.30 (2.98-3.64) 3.20 (2.70-3.60) 7.20 (6.30-8.90) 15.3 (13.3-20.2) 25.5 (19.2-38.1) 597 

09-10 2.08 (1.79-2.41) 2.05 (1.70-2.42) 4.79 (3.80-5.95) 10.1 (7.50-14.4) 16.4 (9.60-38.4) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 3.16 (2.89-3.46) 2.80 (2.50-3.10) 7.40 (6.30-8.40) 14.5 (12.2-17.4) 22.4 (16.9-28.5) 912 

01-02 3.85 (3.37-4.40) 3.70 (3.10-4.40) 8.70 (7.80-9.90) 20.9 (17.3-25.9) 37.9 (29.9-49.5) 1216 

03-04 2.14 (1.92-2.39) 1.70 (1.40-1.90) 4.80 (4.00-5.80) 13.6 (9.50-20.0) 31.0 (18.1-48.9) 1088 

05-06 2.83 (2.59-3.10) 2.20 (1.80-2.60) 5.90 (5.30-6.90) 17.0 (13.3-21.6) 36.3 (26.6-51.0) 1038 

07-08 2.44 (2.07-2.88) 2.00 (1.70-2.30) 4.90 (3.70-6.20) 13.1 (8.70-20.1) 25.0 (15.8-42.1) 1077 

09-10 1.41 (1.22-1.62) 1.30 (1.12-1.57) 3.04 (2.53-3.60) 6.12 (5.23-7.65) 11.8 (7.63-21.1) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 1.2, 1.0, 0.9, 1.2, 1.1, and 0.5 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

216 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 3.12 (2.95-3.31) 3.08 (2.82-3.27) 5.88 (5.38-6.25) 10.8 (9.62-12.5) 18.9 (15.0-21.8) 2541 

01-02 4.00 (3.58-4.48) 3.90 (3.44-4.47) 7.94 (7.22-9.02) 18.0 (15.3-21.5) 32.8 (25.2-42.9) 2782 

03-04 2.20 (2.01-2.41) 1.89 (1.68-2.19) 4.31 (3.84-4.74) 10.8 (8.72-13.8) 25.4 (16.7-34.7) 2605 

05-06 2.96 (2.72-3.23) 2.61 (2.37-2.86) 5.69 (5.00-6.47) 13.7 (11.4-17.8) 30.1 (21.2-35.2) 2548 

07-08 2.66 (2.37-2.99) 2.36 (2.11-2.67) 5.15 (4.35-6.00) 11.8 (8.89-15.6) 21.9 (14.6-33.4) 2604 

09-10 1.66 (1.45-1.90) 1.52 (1.36-1.77) 3.09 (2.69-3.60) 6.28 (4.98-8.48) 11.2 (8.33-19.1) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 5.19 (4.55-5.93) 5.37 (4.52-5.95) 9.11 (8.06-11.4) 21.6 (11.5-41.9) 41.9 (13.5-86.2) 328 

01-02 5.03 (4.47-5.65) 5.38 (4.51-6.21) 9.90 (7.87-11.5) 21.1 (13.8-28.8) 31.4 (24.3-40.7) 393 

03-04 3.00 (2.30-3.93) 2.80 (1.93-4.09) 5.86 (4.69-7.70) 14.3 (8.54-24.4) 28.7 (14.1-45.3) 342 

05-06 3.42 (3.08-3.79) 3.26 (2.63-3.92) 6.18 (5.40-6.85) 11.3 (8.96-17.4) 20.7 (11.3-31.8) 356 

07-08 2.95 (2.49-3.49) 2.80 (2.17-3.33) 5.42 (3.95-6.51) 10.6 (7.47-14.0) 15.6 (10.6-23.7) 389 

09-10 2.13 (1.90-2.40) 2.08 (1.88-2.33) 3.69 (3.13-4.20) 5.83 (4.80-7.95) 8.89 (5.88-20.1) 415 

12-19 years 99-00 2.53 (2.14-2.99) 2.35 (2.05-2.76) 5.83 (4.38-6.29) 9.66 (7.41-11.5) 12.1 (10.5-17.3) 752 

01-02 3.53 (3.09-4.03) 3.67 (2.89-4.48) 7.47 (6.51-8.67) 15.2 (11.7-21.9) 25.2 (17.7-32.8) 742 

03-04 2.07 (1.74-2.48) 1.88 (1.60-2.23) 4.25 (3.19-5.62) 11.6 (6.83-23.2) 24.8 (11.6-37.9) 729 

05-06 2.77 (2.27-3.38) 2.43 (2.03-2.87) 5.24 (4.06-7.75) 15.2 (9.86-23.2) 27.1 (16.0-43.7) 702 

07-08 2.33 (1.90-2.86) 2.00 (1.67-2.57) 4.33 (3.55-6.23) 12.6 (8.31-16.3) 21.9 (12.0-45.7) 401 

09-10 1.46 (1.20-1.77) 1.33 (1.09-1.61) 2.85 (2.24-3.63) 7.47 (4.31-11.6) 13.2 (8.11-20.9) 420 

20 years and older 99-00 3.03 (2.83-3.25) 2.98 (2.73-3.23) 5.55 (4.90-6.06) 10.0 (8.60-12.9) 17.5 (13.8-22.1) 1461 

01-02 3.97 (3.49-4.52) 3.82 (3.26-4.38) 7.79 (7.00-9.00) 18.3 (15.3-21.8) 34.5 (23.1-47.9) 1647 

03-04 2.14 (1.98-2.31) 1.84 (1.63-2.08) 4.14 (3.78-4.40) 10.5 (8.38-12.9) 25.6 (15.9-36.3) 1534 

05-06 2.94 (2.69-3.23) 2.60 (2.36-2.83) 5.67 (4.77-6.52) 13.8 (11.3-18.1) 33.1 (21.9-47.4) 1490 

07-08 2.69 (2.39-3.02) 2.36 (2.14-2.66) 5.20 (4.38-6.04) 11.8 (8.94-16.6) 22.1 (13.5-37.1) 1814 

09-10 1.65 (1.43-1.90) 1.51 (1.34-1.75) 3.04 (2.63-3.60) 6.24 (4.98-8.61) 11.1 (8.03-19.4) 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 2.89 (2.60-3.22) 2.76 (2.52-2.96) 5.58 (4.71-6.08) 10.3 (9.35-12.4) 21.6 (14.1-27.7) 1215 

01-02 3.50 (3.08-3.99) 3.33 (2.83-3.90) 7.00 (6.49-7.77) 16.2 (12.8-20.9) 31.6 (20.5-49.4) 1371 

03-04 2.01 (1.82-2.21) 1.71 (1.46-1.89) 4.14 (3.49-4.81) 10.4 (7.68-16.2) 23.3 (15.1-41.1) 1250 

05-06 2.73 (2.43-3.07) 2.30 (2.12-2.61) 5.08 (4.29-6.14) 14.3 (11.2-20.5) 31.0 (21.5-50.9) 1270 

07-08 2.33 (2.03-2.68) 2.00 (1.71-2.34) 4.36 (3.71-5.41) 11.6 (8.33-14.2) 20.2 (14.6-26.3) 1294 

09-10 1.64 (1.45-1.85) 1.52 (1.39-1.74) 3.06 (2.70-3.60) 6.53 (5.18-9.49) 13.0 (8.65-22.2) 1399 

Females 99-00 3.36 (3.11-3.63) 3.33 (2.91-3.80) 6.15 (5.55-6.77) 11.1 (9.11-14.0) 17.3 (12.4-24.6) 1326 

01-02 4.54 (4.02-5.13) 4.47 (3.85-5.14) 9.28 (7.94-10.3) 20.3 (16.6-24.4) 34.7 (27.1-42.0) 1411 

03-04 2.40 (2.15-2.69) 2.16 (1.84-2.40) 4.40 (3.97-4.89) 10.9 (8.27-16.0) 27.0 (17.5-34.6) 1355 

05-06 3.20 (2.89-3.55) 2.89 (2.58-3.17) 6.07 (5.00-7.00) 13.3 (10.4-16.3) 28.2 (18.2-37.4) 1278 

07-08 3.02 (2.70-3.38) 2.76 (2.36-3.02) 5.57 (4.90-6.50) 12.1 (8.64-18.2) 24.7 (14.8-44.4) 1310 

09-10 1.68 (1.44-1.96) 1.53 (1.35-1.89) 3.10 (2.68-3.69) 5.75 (4.58-8.03) 10.5 (7.36-17.5) 1350 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

217 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 3.16 (2.72-3.68) 3.15 (2.52-3.81) 5.88 (4.86-7.24) 11.6 (9.63-13.1) 15.7 (12.6-23.1) 814 

01-02 4.07 (3.60-4.61) 4.18 (3.82-4.90) 7.80 (6.64-9.49) 16.4 (13.6-18.9) 24.9 (19.8-28.7) 677 

03-04 2.12 (1.74-2.59) 1.94 (1.50-2.42) 4.06 (3.29-4.93) 9.38 (5.72-15.4) 16.8 (9.86-38.6) 652 

05-06 2.69 (2.36-3.07) 2.41 (2.04-2.73) 4.82 (4.09-6.05) 14.3 (10.0-16.9) 27.2 (16.3-40.1) 637 

07-08 2.82 (2.38-3.34) 2.45 (2.08-2.89) 5.00 (4.14-6.86) 12.3 (9.58-20.7) 29.0 (17.0-50.3) 531 

09-10 2.07 (1.83-2.34) 1.89 (1.69-2.31) 4.06 (3.50-4.98) 8.38 (6.08-11.3) 13.9 (9.70-20.0) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 3.11 (2.59-3.73) 3.13 (2.50-3.61) 5.84 (4.43-7.32) 10.2 (8.05-15.6) 18.4 (11.6-35.2) 603 

01-02 4.63 (3.96-5.42) 4.59 (3.97-5.02) 9.93 (7.95-12.4) 21.2 (16.0-33.2) 39.9 (27.7-48.1) 703 

03-04 2.56 (2.24-2.92) 2.28 (2.02-2.78) 5.17 (4.48-6.83) 13.2 (10.5-16.2) 27.5 (18.4-36.0) 699 

05-06 2.87 (2.45-3.38) 2.41 (2.09-2.78) 5.72 (4.40-7.29) 15.0 (12.0-20.6) 54.4 (18.4-84.0) 678 

07-08 2.56 (2.26-2.90) 2.40 (2.17-2.73) 4.77 (4.07-5.76) 11.4 (8.75-15.4) 18.0 (16.1-26.3) 597 

09-10 1.51 (1.22-1.86) 1.48 (1.14-1.93) 2.87 (2.26-3.69) 5.73 (3.69-10.7) 10.7 (5.61-19.1) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 3.09 (2.84-3.36) 3.08 (2.73-3.47) 5.87 (5.11-6.67) 10.6 (8.95-13.5) 20.0 (14.0-24.6) 912 

01-02 3.81 (3.34-4.35) 3.67 (3.11-4.33) 7.78 (6.74-9.35) 17.0 (14.1-21.8) 32.8 (21.5-46.9) 1216 

03-04 2.12 (1.91-2.35) 1.82 (1.60-2.13) 4.11 (3.49-4.42) 10.7 (7.42-15.1) 27.0 (15.1-37.4) 1088 

05-06 2.98 (2.77-3.21) 2.66 (2.43-2.93) 5.73 (5.00-6.47) 13.4 (11.3-17.8) 27.7 (19.5-37.4) 1038 

07-08 2.55 (2.20-2.94) 2.26 (1.97-2.67) 4.90 (3.99-5.92) 11.0 (7.80-14.8) 20.5 (11.9-30.2) 1077 

09-10 1.58 (1.36-1.84) 1.49 (1.27-1.76) 2.94 (2.50-3.49) 5.64 (4.53-7.96) 10.3 (6.85-18.3) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

218 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 20.0 (17.8-22.5) 20.1 (17.8-22.4) 43.6 (38.0-49.7) 92.3 (77.0-108) 192 (131-256) 2782 

03-04 21.7 (19.3-24.4) 21.2 (18.7-24.1) 49.1 (40.5-56.9) 121 (91.3-164) 266 (165-383) 2605 

05-06 25.5 (23.0-28.2) 23.8 (21.5-26.8) 55.1 (50.2-61.0) 153 (132-180) 306 (240-421) 2548 

07-08 22.1 (18.7-26.0) 20.7 (17.6-23.7) 48.2 (39.8-61.8) 123 (83.7-181) 238 (171-336) 2604 

09-10 12.9 (11.3-14.7) 12.9 (11.4-14.8) 25.8 (22.1-30.3) 53.2 (41.7-75.2) 103 (74.2-149) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 33.6 (29.7-37.9) 32.9 (26.9-39.1) 66.9 (49.7-74.0) 127 (103-148) 216 (137-280) 393 

03-04 36.9 (28.4-47.9) 36.5 (26.5-47.0) 77.4 (49.1-103) 164 (79.9-350) 318 (164-400) 342 

05-06 34.9 (30.8-39.6) 35.7 (31.3-40.7) 68.9 (56.5-76.0) 140 (101-169) 206 (133-401) 356 

07-08 28.6 (23.4-34.8) 27.0 (20.1-36.4) 56.1 (45.4-67.8) 113 (76.5-218) 242 (109-351) 389 

09-10 15.0 (13.2-17.1) 17.0 (14.1-19.8) 28.9 (24.4-37.4) 49.3 (41.2-70.2) 75.1 (55.2-117) 415 

12-19 years 01-02 24.9 (21.3-29.1) 25.3 (22.9-31.3) 50.6 (40.7-64.5) 107 (78.5-148) 216 (117-330) 742 

03-04 28.3 (23.0-34.8) 29.8 (25.9-33.9) 56.9 (45.4-73.7) 157 (84.1-299) 317 (176-553) 729 

05-06 34.8 (28.0-43.3) 32.5 (27.1-42.2) 79.5 (66.9-103) 213 (131-384) 424 (232-836) 702 

07-08 29.8 (22.5-39.3) 26.6 (20.0-35.4) 66.7 (43.7-96.6) 224 (101-417) 417 (209-615) 401 

09-10 15.3 (12.4-18.8) 14.9 (12.0-18.0) 28.8 (22.7-41.0) 70.2 (41.0-110) 117 (61.0-215) 420 

20 years and older 01-02 18.1 (15.7-20.9) 17.8 (14.7-20.7) 39.8 (32.7-48.0) 86.2 (65.7-107) 175 (110-279) 1647 

03-04 19.5 (17.7-21.5) 18.4 (16.6-21.0) 41.9 (36.9-51.2) 107 (88.2-136) 225 (148-384) 1534 

05-06 23.4 (21.1-25.9) 21.4 (19.5-23.7) 48.6 (43.7-55.1) 148 (121-172) 306 (238-421) 1490 

07-08 20.5 (17.4-24.1) 19.6 (17.1-22.2) 46.3 (37.2-59.9) 110 (75.0-169) 214 (157-303) 1814 

09-10 12.4 (10.7-14.3) 12.5 (10.8-14.3) 24.5 (21.1-29.3) 52.5 (40.1-72.6) 104 (72.6-151) 1914 

Gender 

Males 01-02 22.0 (19.5-24.7) 21.2 (19.4-24.2) 48.0 (41.4-54.4) 94.2 (80.8-110) 212 (130-256) 1371 

03-04 24.1 (20.9-27.9) 22.9 (19.2-27.9) 51.0 (40.5-59.8) 133 (94.8-220) 317 (162-470) 1250 

05-06 29.6 (26.0-33.8) 27.2 (22.9-31.0) 63.1 (54.3-71.9) 180 (143-263) 494 (285-626) 1270 

07-08 23.2 (19.4-27.8) 20.8 (18.1-24.5) 46.0 (39.2-57.3) 132 (85.4-190) 277 (162-349) 1294 

09-10 15.2 (13.1-17.6) 14.6 (12.9-16.4) 29.5 (24.6-36.2) 71.0 (50.3-93.5) 128 (90.6-181) 1399 

Females 01-02 18.3 (15.7-21.4) 18.2 (14.9-22.1) 39.8 (34.3-46.0) 86.0 (69.4-115) 170 (119-273) 1411 

03-04 19.7 (17.4-22.2) 19.4 (16.7-22.8) 46.4 (37.5-54.4) 103 (84.1-148) 214 (140-318) 1355 

05-06 22.0 (19.2-25.2) 21.4 (19.5-23.4) 47.1 (42.6-54.3) 135 (113-156) 232 (186-300) 1278 

07-08 21.0 (17.8-24.8) 19.9 (16.8-23.3) 51.0 (39.9-64.6) 121 (76.9-183) 223 (171-336) 1310 

09-10 11.0 (9.58-12.8) 11.6 (9.73-13.5) 22.5 (19.2-27.2) 42.8 (33.2-59.1) 82.2 (53.1-116) 1350 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06,07-08, and 09-10 are 1.0, 0.3, 0.7,0.7, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

219 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 18.5 (16.2-21.1) 19.1 (16.3-21.6) 36.3 (31.6-44.0) 79.9 (66.4-93.9) 123 (100-161) 677 

03-04 18.9 (15.4-23.4) 19.8 (17.6-22.3) 37.5 (30.0-45.6) 72.2 (52.4-115) 116 (71.6-327) 652 

05-06 23.0 (18.0-29.3) 19.9 (15.7-23.9) 47.8 (34.8-65.3) 136 (84.6-223) 244 (157-520) 637 

07-08 22.7 (18.5-27.7) 19.8 (17.5-23.8) 43.6 (33.5-66.6) 104 (82.8-157) 238 (158-282) 531 

09-10 15.3 (12.9-18.2) 15.8 (13.3-18.3) 31.5 (26.6-39.2) 64.5 (46.4-94.9) 108 (70.7-153) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 29.8 (26.1-34.1) 30.9 (27.2-34.3) 61.9 (52.6-69.4) 126 (108-157) 276 (157-339) 703 

03-04 30.8 (26.8-35.5) 29.1 (25.3-32.3) 65.6 (53.7-76.3) 154 (113-178) 275 (174-401) 699 

05-06 34.8 (30.3-39.9) 30.2 (27.6-33.2) 73.8 (61.0-96.7) 206 (156-275) 395 (274-547) 678 

07-08 25.7 (23.1-28.6) 25.8 (22.4-28.9) 55.9 (47.1-64.7) 121 (99.1-150) 184 (137-255) 597 

09-10 15.5 (12.8-18.8) 15.7 (13.4-17.7) 30.4 (24.4-35.7) 54.5 (37.7-84.1) 94.6 (51.5-229) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 19.1 (16.7-21.9) 19.2 (16.9-21.4) 41.7 (35.3-50.7) 91.1 (75.6-110) 212 (130-275) 1216 

03-04 20.8 (18.6-23.3) 19.7 (17.2-22.5) 47.5 (39.4-56.1) 120 (91.3-165) 270 (155-403) 1088 

05-06 24.3 (21.9-26.9) 23.0 (21.1-26.0) 54.6 (48.4-61.0) 148 (121-172) 302 (221-421) 1038 

07-08 21.3 (17.6-25.8) 20.2 (16.5-24.1) 46.7 (36.1-65.2) 123 (75.1-203) 277 (161-373) 1077 

09-10 12.2 (10.5-14.1) 12.3 (10.5-14.2) 24.4 (20.7-29.1) 51.7 (37.7-77.1) 104 (72.6-151) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06,07-08, and 09-10 are 1.0, 0.3, 0.7,0.7, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

220 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 18.8 (17.0-20.7) 16.6 (14.9-18.5) 32.2 (27.8-37.1) 71.1 (58.7-88.3) 143 (101-200) 2782 

03-04 20.4 (18.7-22.3) 17.7 (16.3-19.6) 35.8 (30.5-43.3) 93.5 (74.0-128) 182 (134-262) 2605 

05-06 24.8 (22.4-27.5) 21.4 (19.1-23.4) 46.1 (40.0-52.1) 117 (97.8-148) 235 (197-272) 2548 

07-08 22.2 (19.4-25.5) 19.3 (17.4-22.1) 40.5 (34.1-50.3) 99.3 (69.7-134) 179 (135-252) 2604 

09-10 13.5 (11.6-15.6) 11.9 (10.5-13.9) 22.3 (18.6-26.4) 44.0 (35.3-61.0) 86.3 (59.2-131) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 38.2 (34.3-42.6) 34.3 (29.9-38.9) 60.6 (51.9-76.4) 107 (96.3-147) 211 (122-313) 393 

03-04 39.0 (31.1-48.9) 36.6 (25.3-49.3) 65.6 (49.8-91.3) 129 (77.1-253) 211 (123-708) 342 

05-06 38.5 (34.2-43.3) 37.0 (32.9-40.3) 65.5 (55.4-71.9) 115 (85.1-165) 213 (119-333) 356 

07-08 35.2 (29.1-42.5) 31.4 (25.6-37.8) 53.5 (44.8-72.3) 139 (79.9-230) 258 (141-303) 389 

09-10 19.6 (17.3-22.2) 18.6 (16.5-21.5) 34.2 (27.3-40.4) 55.4 (44.0-64.8) 72.1 (56.3-140) 415 

12-19 years 01-02 19.2 (17.0-21.8) 17.8 (15.6-20.0) 34.9 (29.2-42.7) 73.4 (58.4-80.7) 102 (86.6-160) 742 

03-04 21.2 (18.1-24.7) 18.6 (16.9-21.7) 38.7 (29.7-53.4) 103 (62.7-209) 212 (100-358) 729 

05-06 26.0 (21.2-31.7) 23.7 (18.8-28.4) 49.4 (37.4-74.0) 131 (79.0-228) 278 (132-375) 702 

07-08 23.2 (18.1-29.6) 20.0 (14.6-23.9) 46.1 (31.5-66.3) 148 (66.6-234) 234 (146-373) 401 

09-10 12.3 (9.73-15.5) 10.5 (8.95-13.3) 20.9 (14.2-31.0) 45.3 (28.9-91.9) 110 (44.6-200) 420 

20 years and older 01-02 17.1 (15.2-19.3) 15.0 (13.3-16.7) 27.7 (23.2-34.0) 63.7 (48.3-86.9) 137 (84.4-203) 1647 

03-04 18.8 (17.5-20.2) 16.3 (15.4-17.5) 31.6 (28.1-35.3) 83.8 (67.2-106) 171 (129-246) 1534 

05-06 23.4 (21.1-26.0) 19.4 (17.6-21.8) 42.5 (37.6-49.2) 115 (93.1-153) 235 (184-298) 1490 

07-08 21.0 (18.5-24.0) 18.5 (16.3-20.2) 38.1 (30.9-49.2) 94.3 (62.6-126) 164 (120-235) 1814 

09-10 13.1 (11.3-15.2) 11.5 (10.1-13.4) 20.9 (17.7-25.1) 40.6 (32.4-64.9) 86.3 (59.2-131) 1914 

Gender 

Males 01-02 17.9 (16.2-19.7) 15.4 (13.8-17.9) 32.2 (27.8-36.8) 73.4 (55.3-91.8) 137 (97.7-224) 1371 

03-04 18.9 (17.1-20.9) 17.1 (15.2-18.6) 32.7 (26.6-41.6) 93.4 (68.8-123) 193 (108-291) 1250 

05-06 23.8 (21.0-26.9) 20.2 (17.5-23.3) 44.8 (38.5-54.1) 129 (92.5-166) 251 (202-352) 1270 

07-08 19.6 (16.8-22.7) 16.8 (14.6-20.0) 34.8 (28.7-41.8) 90.3 (65.2-119) 164 (111-258) 1294 

09-10 13.6 (11.7-15.9) 11.6 (10.5-13.1) 22.9 (17.8-27.4) 52.8 (39.1-74.3) 103 (73.3-173) 1399 

Females 01-02 19.7 (17.3-22.4) 17.6 (15.4-19.5) 32.1 (26.8-38.6) 70.5 (57.8-93.7) 156 (93.7-201) 1411 

03-04 21.9 (19.7-24.5) 18.7 (16.8-20.9) 39.3 (33.8-46.9) 94.3 (72.8-136) 171 (146-261) 1355 

05-06 25.9 (23.2-28.8) 22.5 (19.6-25.5) 47.3 (40.5-52.3) 108 (88.8-131) 202 (157-278) 1278 

07-08 25.2 (22.1-28.6) 22.1 (19.6-24.4) 47.4 (38.5-56.1) 112 (84.6-150) 190 (162-268) 1310 

09-10 13.3 (11.4-15.6) 12.4 (10.4-14.6) 21.9 (18.3-26.7) 38.8 (30.9-52.2) 74.0 (46.9-115) 1350 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

221 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 17.4 (15.9-19.1) 15.7 (14.4-17.5) 30.6 (26.0-34.7) 65.9 (50.6-83.9) 103 (75.5-128) 677 

03-04 17.1 (14.3-20.4) 15.4 (13.2-17.7) 29.3 (23.8-36.8) 57.3 (45.7-97.6) 105 (70.1-195) 652 

05-06 20.7 (17.2-25.0) 17.5 (15.3-21.3) 37.3 (30.9-45.7) 99.9 (67.6-159) 181 (110-357) 637 

07-08 22.1 (17.7-27.7) 18.8 (15.2-23.4) 38.6 (28.3-54.9) 91.4 (61.0-170) 197 (141-282) 531 

09-10 15.2 (12.9-17.8) 14.6 (12.8-16.2) 27.0 (21.3-33.3) 60.0 (42.3-77.7) 94.8 (66.4-142) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 20.9 (18.8-23.3) 19.7 (17.5-21.8) 38.3 (32.1-46.0) 93.5 (69.2-123) 164 (130-183) 703 

03-04 21.9 (20.1-23.8) 19.5 (17.3-22.6) 40.1 (35.8-45.3) 102 (75.5-122) 164 (133-269) 699 

05-06 24.5 (21.2-28.2) 18.9 (17.1-22.8) 46.1 (37.9-59.7) 128 (100-158) 308 (158-399) 678 

07-08 20.0 (18.1-22.0) 18.3 (16.5-19.2) 36.9 (27.9-46.7) 85.5 (65.8-103) 136 (107-227) 597 

09-10 11.2 (8.71-14.5) 10.5 (8.26-13.5) 18.9 (13.6-25.3) 32.9 (22.3-58.4) 47.2 (33.6-153) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 18.9 (17.0-21.0) 16.3 (14.8-18.4) 32.1 (27.3-37.3) 70.8 (56.9-93.7) 177 (98.0-242) 1216 

03-04 20.5 (18.5-22.8) 17.8 (16.2-19.7) 35.3 (29.7-44.9) 96.2 (75.8-136) 211 (136-283) 1088 

05-06 25.6 (23.1-28.2) 22.4 (19.6-24.5) 47.6 (40.7-54.1) 119 (98.2-148) 231 (181-297) 1038 

07-08 22.2 (18.7-26.3) 19.5 (16.7-23.0) 40.4 (32.1-54.8) 99.1 (68.1-145) 179 (129-258) 1077 

09-10 13.7 (11.7-16.1) 11.9 (10.4-13.9) 22.4 (18.0-27.6) 43.0 (34.2-61.0) 84.1 (54.7-142) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

222 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 13.5 (12.0-15.0) 14.0 (12.5-15.1) 29.6 (25.2-34.0) 59.9 (50.4-70.9) 120 (87.2-156) 2782 

03-04 14.5 (13.0-16.1) 14.4 (12.4-16.7) 31.4 (27.4-36.6) 76.7 (59.4-102) 157 (106-232) 2605 

05-06 16.2 (14.6-18.0) 15.1 (13.5-17.1) 35.5 (32.1-40.3) 94.8 (78.5-112) 183 (147-250) 2548 

07-08 12.2 (10.3-14.3) 11.3 (10.0-13.3) 27.1 (21.8-33.8) 64.2 (47.3-93.6) 130 (93.6-177) 2604 

09-10 8.02 (7.11-9.06) 8.02 (7.27-9.04) 16.1 (13.8-19.0) 32.5 (25.2-41.8) 55.7 (41.8-80.9) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 23.3 (20.9-26.1) 22.9 (18.5-28.1) 46.5 (38.1-52.0) 81.6 (64.7-109) 142 (93.9-178) 393 

03-04 25.1 (19.6-32.3) 25.8 (19.3-31.4) 51.1 (32.1-76.5) 97.9 (58.8-197) 197 (97.6-261) 342 

05-06 23.0 (20.3-26.1) 24.5 (19.9-27.6) 44.3 (38.1-52.3) 83.8 (63.6-115) 126 (77.3-253) 356 

07-08 16.9 (13.9-20.6) 16.6 (12.4-22.6) 34.5 (26.2-40.9) 64.4 (46.9-129) 137 (63.8-179) 389 

09-10 9.78 (8.72-11.0) 11.1 (8.87-12.7) 20.0 (17.1-21.6) 35.4 (24.8-41.4) 48.4 (36.0-74.0) 415 

12-19 years 01-02 17.5 (15.1-20.3) 18.6 (16.2-20.7) 35.0 (27.7-42.1) 70.7 (52.2-104) 118 (74.0-174) 742 

03-04 19.5 (16.0-23.7) 20.3 (18.4-23.5) 37.8 (32.6-44.6) 110 (54.6-168) 212 (103-326) 729 

05-06 23.0 (18.7-28.4) 22.1 (18.0-26.2) 50.7 (42.7-62.2) 134 (82.3-240) 263 (134-511) 702 

07-08 16.9 (12.8-22.3) 15.9 (11.9-19.3) 38.2 (24.0-55.5) 121 (58.1-258) 258 (120-354) 401 

09-10 10.0 (8.32-12.1) 9.82 (7.96-12.3) 19.0 (15.9-23.5) 40.0 (26.7-61.5) 68.4 (32.6-154) 420 

20 years and older 01-02 12.0 (10.5-13.9) 12.3 (10.4-14.1) 26.0 (21.6-32.1) 52.3 (41.8-68.3) 116 (74.9-160) 1647 

03-04 12.9 (11.8-14.1) 12.4 (10.9-14.5) 27.0 (25.0-30.9) 68.9 (55.0-86.5) 139 (92.7-216) 1534 

05-06 14.7 (13.2-16.4) 13.4 (12.2-15.1) 31.9 (28.2-36.2) 91.6 (74.6-104) 182 (138-247) 1490 

07-08 11.1 (9.48-13.1) 10.7 (9.30-12.3) 25.5 (20.2-31.4) 59.8 (42.3-88.9) 108 (80.0-155) 1814 

09-10 7.59 (6.64-8.68) 7.55 (6.69-8.58) 15.3 (12.6-18.6) 30.6 (24.1-41.5) 54.9 (41.8-81.0) 1914 

Gender 

Males 01-02 14.5 (13.0-16.2) 14.6 (13.1-16.2) 31.6 (25.6-34.7) 60.4 (52.3-71.4) 129 (84.4-167) 1371 

03-04 15.6 (13.6-17.9) 14.7 (12.7-18.1) 31.8 (27.2-39.5) 83.8 (59.4-134) 185 (96.2-277) 1250 

05-06 18.3 (16.0-20.9) 16.3 (14.7-19.7) 39.3 (33.4-48.1) 104 (80.7-140) 258 (180-337) 1270 

07-08 12.5 (10.5-15.0) 11.3 (9.80-13.4) 26.1 (21.8-32.2) 61.8 (46.8-98.1) 139 (83.7-189) 1294 

09-10 9.14 (8.01-10.4) 8.76 (7.87-9.88) 18.2 (14.8-21.0) 39.3 (27.5-50.9) 69.6 (50.0-109) 1399 

Females 01-02 12.5 (10.8-14.6) 13.1 (11.2-15.0) 28.1 (23.7-33.5) 57.5 (45.8-72.7) 115 (81.8-147) 1411 

03-04 13.4 (11.9-15.1) 13.7 (11.4-16.4) 29.5 (26.1-36.6) 68.6 (53.7-88.1) 143 (88.2-210) 1355 

05-06 14.4 (12.6-16.5) 13.8 (12.5-15.7) 32.5 (29.3-36.4) 81.7 (68.6-104) 159 (114-182) 1278 

07-08 11.8 (10.0-14.0) 11.7 (9.80-13.5) 27.9 (21.3-37.5) 64.2 (43.9-93.6) 122 (92.0-191) 1310 

09-10 7.09 (6.17-8.14) 7.35 (6.13-8.67) 15.2 (12.1-17.5) 27.1 (21.6-36.9) 48.2 (31.3-67.1) 1350 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06,07-08, and 09-10 are 1.1, 0.5, 0.7,0.6, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

223 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 13.1 (11.6-14.9) 13.4 (11.6-15.0) 25.5 (21.6-30.8) 56.6 (40.6-70.3) 77.3 (70.5-101) 677 

03-04 12.8 (10.5-15.5) 13.6 (11.4-15.6) 25.3 (20.4-29.9) 46.6 (32.3-70.8) 76.0 (51.6-153) 652 

05-06 14.8 (11.7-18.8) 12.8 (10.5-16.1) 30.9 (22.6-42.9) 79.1 (51.7-131) 152 (92.9-276) 637 

07-08 12.6 (10.5-15.1) 11.4 (10.4-12.9) 25.1 (18.7-37.2) 53.4 (43.2-91.7) 118 (88.4-147) 531 

09-10 9.57 (8.10-11.3) 9.65 (8.17-11.3) 19.2 (16.3-23.3) 39.0 (30.9-54.7) 64.6 (43.0-95.3) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 19.6 (17.1-22.5) 20.1 (17.9-22.4) 39.0 (34.8-44.2) 80.5 (71.4-97.4) 153 (102-228) 703 

03-04 20.2 (17.7-23.0) 20.1 (17.0-22.5) 40.0 (33.9-46.9) 92.6 (68.8-130) 173 (104-247) 699 

05-06 21.8 (18.9-25.2) 18.8 (16.8-21.0) 46.0 (38.0-59.1) 130 (104-168) 243 (159-304) 678 

07-08 14.2 (12.7-15.9) 14.0 (12.7-16.3) 30.5 (25.8-35.9) 64.2 (52.1-76.1) 110 (71.9-136) 597 

09-10 9.57 (8.17-11.2) 9.64 (8.15-11.1) 19.8 (16.5-22.1) 31.4 (25.5-44.0) 50.9 (31.4-129) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 12.8 (11.2-14.6) 13.2 (11.6-14.6) 28.5 (23.6-34.0) 58.6 (48.8-70.9) 126 (83.7-172) 1216 

03-04 13.8 (12.4-15.4) 13.4 (11.3-16.3) 31.0 (27.0-36.3) 77.6 (59.4-102) 161 (98.7-241) 1088 

05-06 15.5 (13.9-17.3) 15.0 (13.3-16.5) 35.3 (30.1-40.8) 92.6 (74.6-111) 182 (134-247) 1038 

07-08 11.7 (9.66-14.2) 11.0 (9.20-13.6) 26.9 (20.2-35.1) 64.2 (43.4-108) 137 (90.0-197) 1077 

09-10 7.59 (6.60-8.73) 7.55 (6.81-8.63) 15.7 (12.9-18.6) 29.1 (22.9-46.5) 55.7 (41.5-83.5) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06,07-08, and 09-10 are 1.1, 0.5, 0.7,0.6, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

224 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 12.6 (11.5-13.9) 11.2 (10.2-12.3) 21.3 (18.3-23.8) 45.2 (37.1-58.1) 87.0 (68.0-124) 2782 

03-04 13.6 (12.4-14.8) 12.1 (11.0-12.9) 24.3 (20.9-27.8) 63.0 (47.8-75.8) 118 (94.1-153) 2605 

05-06 15.8 (14.2-17.5) 13.5 (12.4-14.7) 28.9 (26.0-33.8) 77.7 (62.4-91.1) 144 (118-172) 2548 

07-08 12.3 (10.7-14.0) 11.0 (9.72-12.2) 22.3 (18.4-27.9) 52.9 (37.9-74.6) 107 (74.8-136) 2604 

09-10 8.37 (7.31-9.59) 7.44 (6.71-8.42) 13.5 (11.5-15.7) 25.9 (21.4-34.6) 47.7 (34.6-67.8) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 26.6 (24.0-29.4) 22.8 (20.3-25.0) 43.3 (33.6-47.1) 74.7 (69.0-91.9) 131 (83.0-183) 393 

03-04 26.6 (21.4-33.0) 25.3 (17.8-32.4) 43.6 (34.2-63.2) 77.1 (63.0-118) 121 (76.3-435) 342 

05-06 25.4 (22.5-28.6) 24.4 (21.4-26.4) 42.7 (36.0-46.9) 70.4 (52.8-117) 136 (77.2-195) 356 

07-08 20.8 (17.1-25.4) 18.5 (15.6-21.5) 35.0 (26.4-46.0) 84.1 (47.2-137) 145 (84.8-187) 389 

09-10 12.7 (11.4-14.2) 12.6 (11.5-14.1) 20.8 (16.5-25.1) 33.3 (29.5-44.1) 45.5 (33.7-74.5) 415 

12-19 years 01-02 13.5 (12.0-15.2) 12.0 (10.8-14.3) 23.4 (20.0-28.5) 48.4 (39.2-54.9) 70.5 (55.0-97.2) 742 

03-04 14.6 (12.6-16.9) 12.7 (11.6-14.4) 25.5 (20.7-33.8) 67.9 (42.3-143) 153 (61.8-209) 729 

05-06 17.2 (14.1-20.9) 15.3 (12.5-18.6) 32.5 (25.7-41.3) 84.2 (49.1-147) 163 (93.1-250) 702 

07-08 13.2 (10.3-16.7) 11.1 (9.08-13.5) 25.9 (18.9-35.6) 86.3 (39.4-128) 132 (84.3-203) 401 

09-10 8.06 (6.57-9.88) 7.05 (6.16-8.25) 13.3 (9.53-18.3) 24.8 (17.8-47.9) 55.2 (23.6-110) 420 

20 years and older 01-02 11.4 (10.2-12.8) 10.1 (8.89-11.4) 17.5 (15.2-21.8) 38.4 (30.5-52.5) 84.3 (53.3-128) 1647 

03-04 12.4 (11.5-13.3) 11.0 (10.0-12.0) 20.9 (18.6-22.8) 53.9 (40.7-70.2) 109 (88.6-130) 1534 

05-06 14.8 (13.3-16.4) 12.4 (11.2-13.5) 26.7 (23.8-31.3) 76.3 (61.0-89.9) 144 (106-170) 1490 

07-08 11.4 (10.0-13.0) 10.0 (9.15-11.2) 20.8 (16.7-25.6) 47.3 (33.2-65.3) 87.4 (62.7-136) 1814 

09-10 8.04 (6.99-9.24) 7.19 (6.36-8.00) 12.7 (10.7-14.7) 24.3 (19.7-34.6) 47.4 (33.7-67.3) 1914 

Gender 

Males 01-02 11.8 (10.7-13.0) 10.2 (8.93-11.7) 21.2 (18.5-23.3) 46.1 (35.3-58.7) 84.2 (69.6-104) 1371 

03-04 12.3 (11.1-13.5) 11.1 (10.0-12.0) 21.6 (17.6-26.9) 59.1 (45.4-72.0) 120 (72.0-162) 1250 

05-06 14.7 (12.9-16.7) 12.6 (10.9-14.3) 27.1 (23.3-35.6) 79.5 (59.6-96.9) 147 (120-190) 1270 

07-08 10.5 (9.08-12.2) 9.25 (8.08-10.6) 18.9 (15.9-23.1) 46.7 (32.6-62.4) 86.4 (56.5-144) 1294 

09-10 8.19 (7.15-9.38) 7.07 (6.59-7.55) 13.4 (10.8-15.8) 30.2 (21.7-41.2) 52.1 (41.2-82.3) 1399 

Females 01-02 13.5 (11.9-15.2) 12.0 (10.8-13.7) 21.5 (18.0-25.6) 44.8 (36.8-61.6) 92.3 (61.0-139) 1411 

03-04 14.9 (13.4-16.7) 12.7 (11.4-14.2) 26.6 (21.8-30.6) 65.6 (48.0-90.1) 118 (97.0-157) 1355 

05-06 16.9 (15.1-19.0) 14.7 (13.2-16.5) 30.3 (26.6-34.7) 76.4 (57.6-97.2) 137 (106-170) 1278 

07-08 14.2 (12.5-16.0) 12.5 (11.5-13.8) 25.9 (21.2-31.0) 61.1 (40.9-84.1) 114 (84.3-142) 1310 

09-10 8.55 (7.37-9.93) 8.06 (6.76-9.33) 13.6 (11.6-16.2) 24.1 (20.0-32.7) 43.2 (27.7-64.5) 1350 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

225 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 12.4 (11.4-13.5) 11.0 (10.5-12.3) 20.9 (18.5-24.4) 44.6 (33.4-56.2) 65.9 (53.1-83.1) 677 

03-04 11.5 (9.81-13.6) 10.7 (9.04-12.3) 18.8 (15.6-24.6) 39.1 (31.8-53.9) 63.0 (47.2-121) 652 

05-06 13.3 (11.1-16.1) 11.4 (9.58-13.6) 24.0 (19.4-30.4) 61.2 (45.6-85.9) 102 (69.9-200) 637 

07-08 12.3 (10.0-15.0) 10.6 (8.57-14.1) 21.7 (16.1-28.7) 53.1 (32.7-85.2) 113 (79.7-149) 531 

09-10 9.50 (8.16-11.1) 8.72 (8.13-9.61) 16.6 (12.9-20.5) 35.4 (24.4-46.6) 56.7 (40.9-82.3) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 13.8 (12.3-15.4) 13.1 (12.0-14.2) 23.9 (20.0-29.3) 58.3 (45.3-79.7) 101 (81.3-124) 703 

03-04 14.3 (13.1-15.6) 13.3 (11.3-15.5) 24.8 (21.7-27.7) 61.2 (46.8-76.6) 105 (79.7-152) 699 

05-06 15.3 (13.2-17.8) 11.6 (9.87-14.6) 29.1 (24.7-38.5) 77.1 (61.9-113) 172 (99.8-251) 678 

07-08 11.0 (9.94-12.2) 9.90 (9.16-11.1) 20.6 (16.6-23.5) 42.2 (33.8-58.6) 75.8 (57.2-124) 597 

09-10 6.92 (5.60-8.57) 6.49 (5.12-8.24) 11.4 (9.09-14.1) 19.2 (14.9-27.3) 28.1 (19.8-61.1) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 12.7 (11.4-14.0) 11.1 (9.90-12.3) 20.8 (18.0-23.9) 45.7 (35.9-64.9) 96.0 (68.5-161) 1216 

03-04 13.7 (12.2-15.3) 12.0 (10.5-12.9) 24.9 (20.7-28.6) 69.5 (51.4-95.3) 124 (90.3-182) 1088 

05-06 16.3 (14.8-18.0) 14.0 (12.9-15.7) 30.8 (27.3-34.8) 79.3 (66.0-93.8) 139 (117-163) 1038 

07-08 12.2 (10.3-14.5) 11.0 (9.38-13.1) 22.3 (17.4-30.4) 51.4 (35.7-77.7) 107 (74.6-139) 1077 

09-10 8.53 (7.35-9.90) 7.62 (6.76-8.54) 13.7 (11.2-16.2) 24.9 (20.3-35.7) 47.8 (32.8-76.4) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

226 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 34.7 (31.0-38.9) 33.0 (29.1-37.4) 71.8 (61.7-84.8) 168 (133-240) 339 (235-506) 2605 

05-06 38.6 (34.7-42.9) 35.6 (31.1-40.3) 79.7 (70.9-92.9) 211 (180-246) 386 (311-484) 2548 

07-08 33.3 (28.7-38.6) 31.2 (27.1-36.0) 69.5 (55.8-86.3) 153 (120-216) 308 (220-397) 2604 

09-10 20.7 (18.5-23.3) 20.4 (18.1-23.5) 39.9 (34.9-45.5) 78.4 (67.2-95.5) 127 (99.5-199) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 58.2 (44.7-75.6) 51.6 (39.2-67.6) 112 (71.4-182) 314 (124-524) 391 (238-781) 342 

05-06 57.4 (50.2-65.7) 53.5 (42.7-67.2) 94.7 (83.2-108) 200 (154-247) 297 (196-548) 356 

07-08 46.6 (39.2-55.3) 44.1 (34.9-54.7) 92.7 (64.7-112) 156 (117-278) 357 (176-441) 389 

09-10 27.7 (24.7-31.2) 29.4 (25.4-33.2) 48.5 (39.0-60.2) 87.1 (64.4-102) 118 (87.1-202) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 44.6 (36.8-54.0) 42.7 (38.4-47.6) 86.5 (67.3-108) 220 (120-397) 448 (235-808) 729 

05-06 52.9 (43.0-65.2) 46.7 (39.4-61.6) 114 (85.6-173) 314 (195-515) 560 (324-1180) 702 

07-08 44.3 (35.2-55.9) 38.9 (28.9-49.3) 97.3 (64.3-127) 247 (140-456) 476 (231-977) 401 

09-10 26.2 (22.4-30.6) 25.7 (21.2-30.0) 50.1 (38.3-57.7) 90.3 (58.2-162) 147 (83.9-349) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 31.3 (28.6-34.4) 29.2 (26.2-33.0) 63.5 (56.5-73.9) 157 (130-187) 312 (199-457) 1534 

05-06 35.1 (31.5-39.0) 31.3 (28.1-35.7) 72.7 (65.4-82.4) 193 (163-237) 377 (285-460) 1490 

07-08 30.7 (26.4-35.8) 29.2 (24.3-34.4) 63.2 (51.6-80.0) 145 (109-206) 286 (182-378) 1814 

09-10 19.4 (17.0-22.0) 18.8 (15.7-22.3) 37.7 (32.8-44.0) 76.9 (63.1-92.8) 126 (96.1-197) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 37.9 (33.1-43.5) 34.7 (30.0-39.5) 73.7 (60.8-91.9) 187 (133-300) 388 (222-660) 1250 

05-06 43.6 (38.1-49.8) 39.7 (31.9-46.2) 87.0 (76.8-103) 260 (188-308) 460 (347-670) 1270 

07-08 34.4 (29.3-40.5) 31.5 (27.3-35.7) 65.1 (52.1-87.4) 161 (120-217) 321 (213-422) 1294 

09-10 23.4 (20.7-26.4) 23.0 (20.2-25.6) 44.9 (40.1-51.0) 87.1 (70.3-110) 162 (107-288) 1399 

Females 03-04 31.9 (28.1-36.2) 31.3 (27.5-35.8) 69.3 (58.9-81.9) 154 (128-199) 312 (182-441) 1355 

05-06 34.3 (30.4-38.6) 31.7 (28.0-36.6) 71.0 (63.0-85.3) 192 (156-217) 309 (251-386) 1278 

07-08 32.3 (27.8-37.5) 31.0 (26.4-38.3) 73.0 (56.9-90.2) 147 (112-220) 297 (185-420) 1310 

09-10 18.5 (16.2-21.0) 18.8 (15.8-22.4) 34.7 (29.3-41.5) 72.9 (56.3-93.2) 111 (90.3-146) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 31.9 (27.1-37.6) 31.5 (26.8-37.4) 57.4 (45.9-71.8) 116 (86.0-162) 175 (133-355) 652 

05-06 39.4 (30.3-51.2) 34.2 (24.1-47.1) 74.6 (54.0-111) 220 (124-338) 394 (222-673) 637 

07-08 36.7 (30.6-44.0) 31.3 (27.0-35.7) 71.9 (54.9-91.7) 162 (123-241) 321 (209-477) 531 

09-10 26.2 (22.5-30.4) 25.8 (22.3-29.8) 51.0 (41.3-57.4) 92.6 (74.5-122) 160 (113-245) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 42.6 (37.0-49.2) 38.3 (33.8-46.9) 82.5 (68.7-103) 191 (146-246) 339 (244-468) 699 

05-06 46.6 (41.3-52.5) 40.3 (35.6-46.1) 96.3 (76.6-132) 256 (208-347) 455 (328-528) 678 

07-08 35.0 (31.1-39.4) 35.6 (30.7-38.8) 71.6 (59.1-84.5) 151 (113-192) 235 (184-338) 597 

09-10 21.9 (18.6-25.7) 22.3 (18.2-25.6) 40.5 (35.7-47.1) 77.0 (61.1-97.1) 127 (76.0-268) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 33.8 (30.1-37.9) 32.1 (27.6-37.5) 72.4 (62.0-87.7) 167 (133-240) 354 (220-560) 1088 

05-06 37.0 (33.4-41.0) 35.4 (30.4-40.9) 79.7 (70.0-93.3) 203 (174-237) 380 (284-484) 1038 

07-08 32.0 (26.7-38.3) 30.4 (24.5-38.0) 67.6 (52.5-90.9) 145 (105-244) 316 (197-476) 1077 

09-10 19.6 (17.2-22.2) 19.3 (16.4-23.1) 39.3 (33.0-45.3) 75.0 (61.9-95.7) 120 (95.5-197) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, 07-08 and 09-10 are 0.3, 0.6, 0.5, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

227 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 32.6 (29.6-36.0) 27.0 (24.3-30.6) 54.6 (48.0-63.5) 139 (109-186) 251 (192-356) 2605 

05-06 37.6 (33.7-42.0) 32.2 (29.5-37.0) 67.5 (58.2-80.8) 168 (139-209) 290 (261-328) 2548 

07-08 33.6 (29.7-38.0) 29.1 (25.8-32.2) 58.7 (49.6-68.8) 138 (109-164) 233 (178-319) 2604 

09-10 21.6 (19.0-24.7) 19.2 (16.8-22.1) 33.7 (30.0-40.0) 69.4 (54.0-84.3) 121 (85.1-184) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 61.5 (49.0-77.2) 52.2 (41.6-73.8) 104 (74.2-140) 210 (111-500) 372 (192-988) 342 

05-06 63.2 (55.6-71.9) 54.2 (48.1-63.6) 92.8 (82.6-111) 160 (124-247) 312 (172-480) 356 

07-08 57.4 (49.2-66.9) 49.6 (42.7-61.5) 94.2 (79.5-122) 185 (138-294) 376 (188-404) 389 

09-10 36.1 (32.4-40.3) 33.6 (32.3-36.8) 55.4 (43.9-66.9) 88.7 (69.2-113) 121 (90.6-224) 415 

12-19 years 03-04 33.4 (28.7-38.7) 27.1 (23.9-32.0) 55.0 (43.8-83.8) 168 (92.5-289) 294 (159-387) 729 

05-06 39.5 (32.5-47.8) 33.9 (27.9-41.0) 72.7 (56.9-96.7) 197 (106-327) 385 (216-531) 702 

07-08 34.5 (28.1-42.3) 28.0 (23.2-35.0) 65.9 (47.5-85.9) 159 (90.1-233) 246 (159-489) 401 

09-10 21.1 (17.4-25.5) 18.2 (15.6-20.7) 33.2 (25.5-43.3) 64.9 (42.7-158) 158 (58.4-246) 420 

20 years and older 03-04 30.1 (27.7-32.7) 25.1 (22.9-27.6) 49.1 (44.1-55.2) 126 (101-154) 237 (191-315) 1534 

05-06 35.2 (31.2-39.6) 29.8 (26.1-33.3) 60.8 (54.2-74.0) 167 (131-206) 279 (247-322) 1490 

07-08 31.5 (27.8-35.8) 27.8 (24.1-30.8) 53.1 (45.0-65.4) 128 (101-155) 214 (162-319) 1814 

09-10 20.5 (17.9-23.5) 18.2 (15.9-20.5) 31.7 (27.4-36.8) 65.0 (52.1-80.6) 118 (81.3-173) 1914 

Gender 

Males 03-04 29.8 (26.8-33.1) 23.5 (21.4-27.1) 50.7 (42.2-61.7) 132 (98.0-191) 248 (159-422) 1250 

05-06 35.0 (30.7-39.9) 29.0 (25.7-32.1) 69.3 (54.2-82.9) 172 (141-210) 301 (249-376) 1270 

07-08 29.0 (25.3-33.2) 25.1 (21.7-28.8) 47.6 (40.8-57.4) 120 (91.7-157) 210 (157-331) 1294 

09-10 21.0 (18.4-23.9) 18.4 (16.1-20.4) 33.1 (29.2-38.5) 70.2 (53.4-94.6) 125 (92.8-210) 1399 

Females 03-04 35.5 (31.6-40.0) 30.6 (26.4-35.5) 58.3 (48.8-71.8) 144 (108-192) 251 (192-349) 1355 

05-06 40.3 (36.2-44.9) 36.7 (31.6-40.0) 66.1 (58.2-83.7) 168 (127-206) 279 (240-341) 1278 

07-08 38.7 (34.5-43.3) 32.8 (30.0-36.4) 67.8 (58.5-80.0) 147 (117-176) 266 (176-379) 1310 

09-10 22.3 (19.3-25.7) 20.5 (17.2-23.9) 34.9 (30.0-41.7) 67.0 (53.5-80.8) 104 (80.8-170) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 28.8 (25.4-32.6) 24.7 (22.4-26.3) 46.7 (39.0-56.3) 94.7 (73.2-137) 152 (118-238) 652 

05-06 35.5 (28.7-43.7) 29.8 (25.5-34.9) 61.5 (48.4-86.2) 165 (105-201) 278 (181-501) 637 

07-08 35.8 (29.1-44.0) 30.6 (23.2-38.6) 64.1 (47.2-84.8) 151 (92.3-240) 286 (198-402) 531 

09-10 26.0 (22.5-30.0) 23.8 (21.3-27.0) 40.1 (35.0-52.3) 88.8 (69.5-104) 148 (100-203) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 30.3 (27.7-33.2) 27.0 (23.2-30.7) 51.1 (41.6-64.0) 135 (100-161) 212 (173-252) 699 

05-06 32.7 (28.9-37.1) 27.1 (22.4-31.5) 62.4 (53.1-76.0) 166 (119-260) 370 (231-429) 678 

07-08 27.2 (24.3-30.5) 23.5 (21.9-26.1) 49.1 (37.7-58.6) 103 (85.9-132) 178 (140-259) 597 

09-10 15.9 (12.6-19.9) 14.5 (11.5-18.8) 26.3 (19.5-32.9) 48.0 (32.6-66.4) 70.7 (46.1-209) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 33.4 (29.5-37.7) 27.0 (23.5-31.6) 56.8 (48.6-69.4) 145 (109-198) 294 (193-385) 1088 

05-06 39.0 (34.9-43.4) 34.3 (30.3-39.1) 69.5 (59.5-83.7) 182 (143-214) 284 (237-324) 1038 

07-08 33.4 (28.4-39.3) 29.2 (25.1-34.6) 57.7 (46.6-72.4) 138 (101-166) 233 (164-338) 1077 

09-10 22.0 (19.1-25.3) 19.4 (16.8-22.9) 34.0 (29.3-42.5) 67.6 (52.5-84.3) 113 (81.3-188) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DEHP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

228 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(carboxynonyl) phthalate (MCNP) 

Metabolite of Di-isodecyl phthalate (DiDP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 2.73 (2.50-2.98) 2.70 (2.40-3.00) 5.30 (4.80-5.90) 10.2 (8.80-11.9) 17.5 (14.0-21.4) 2548 

07-08 2.42 (2.17-2.71) 2.40 (2.20-2.70) 4.70 (4.20-5.30) 9.20 (8.00-10.6) 16.1 (12.3-21.0) 2604 

09-10 2.88 (2.58-3.22) 2.91 (2.51-3.26) 5.52 (4.83-6.30) 10.6 (9.14-12.6) 16.8 (13.9-22.1) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 4.54 (3.94-5.24) 4.70 (4.00-5.60) 8.10 (6.80-9.60) 14.6 (10.8-19.1) 22.8 (16.7-35.3) 356 

07-08 3.15 (2.65-3.74) 3.40 (2.90-3.80) 5.40 (4.60-6.80) 9.10 (7.40-12.3) 14.9 (9.10-24.8) 389 

09-10 3.45 (2.95-4.03) 3.59 (3.04-4.34) 6.39 (5.39-7.41) 9.65 (8.75-11.2) 14.5 (10.4-23.2) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 3.18 (2.74-3.68) 3.30 (2.90-3.80) 6.00 (4.70-7.20) 10.3 (7.60-13.7) 16.5 (11.5-21.5) 702 

07-08 2.86 (2.59-3.16) 2.70 (2.40-2.90) 5.10 (4.30-5.70) 10.3 (8.90-13.0) 16.8 (10.7-32.4) 401 

09-10 3.02 (2.61-3.51) 3.05 (2.41-3.65) 5.11 (4.49-6.43) 11.0 (7.24-14.6) 16.9 (10.9-32.0) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 2.51 (2.27-2.78) 2.40 (2.20-2.70) 4.90 (4.40-5.40) 9.50 (7.90-11.9) 17.0 (13.1-21.5) 1490 

07-08 2.29 (2.04-2.58) 2.30 (2.00-2.50) 4.50 (4.00-5.10) 9.10 (7.60-10.7) 16.1 (12.2-21.4) 1814 

09-10 2.81 (2.49-3.16) 2.80 (2.44-3.09) 5.52 (4.69-6.45) 10.7 (8.95-13.5) 17.3 (13.5-23.7) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 3.16 (2.82-3.54) 3.00 (2.70-3.50) 5.90 (5.10-6.90) 11.0 (8.80-14.0) 19.5 (14.0-28.0) 1270 

07-08 2.75 (2.50-3.03) 2.60 (2.40-2.90) 5.10 (4.50-5.70) 9.50 (8.00-12.2) 19.4 (12.4-29.1) 1294 

09-10 3.14 (2.80-3.53) 3.11 (2.72-3.61) 5.75 (5.13-6.56) 10.4 (9.14-11.5) 15.1 (12.5-20.5) 1399 

Females 05-06 2.37 (2.13-2.65) 2.30 (2.00-2.70) 4.80 (4.30-5.30) 9.30 (7.60-11.5) 14.7 (13.1-18.2) 1278 

07-08 2.14 (1.84-2.49) 2.20 (1.80-2.60) 4.40 (3.80-4.90) 9.00 (7.30-10.3) 14.1 (10.8-18.5) 1310 

09-10 2.66 (2.32-3.04) 2.60 (2.21-2.98) 5.21 (4.43-6.17) 11.6 (8.88-14.8) 17.5 (14.6-23.4) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 2.72 (2.40-3.08) 2.70 (2.40-3.20) 4.90 (4.30-5.70) 9.00 (7.00-12.4) 14.4 (9.00-26.8) 637 

07-08 2.37 (2.15-2.62) 2.30 (2.10-2.60) 4.30 (3.70-5.10) 8.40 (6.50-10.5) 12.3 (8.40-16.2) 531 

09-10 2.35 (2.15-2.57) 2.51 (2.18-2.69) 4.35 (3.83-4.83) 7.72 (6.56-9.53) 11.0 (8.09-14.1) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 3.18 (2.75-3.67) 3.20 (2.70-3.80) 5.90 (4.90-7.30) 13.0 (9.50-14.6) 19.2 (14.6-30.5) 678 

07-08 2.89 (2.64-3.17) 2.90 (2.50-3.10) 5.60 (4.80-6.20) 11.9 (9.10-15.4) 21.7 (17.9-28.9) 597 

09-10 3.51 (2.92-4.22) 3.64 (2.97-4.24) 6.94 (5.75-8.47) 13.2 (10.2-17.5) 20.8 (13.5-41.7) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 2.67 (2.39-2.98) 2.60 (2.30-2.90) 5.30 (4.70-6.10) 10.1 (8.20-12.6) 17.6 (12.6-24.3) 1038 

07-08 2.42 (2.09-2.81) 2.40 (2.10-2.70) 4.70 (4.10-5.60) 9.10 (7.60-11.6) 14.9 (10.5-29.1) 1077 

09-10 2.98 (2.61-3.40) 2.96 (2.53-3.48) 5.59 (4.78-6.57) 10.7 (8.83-14.3) 16.6 (12.6-23.7) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.6, 0.5, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DiDP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

229 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(carboxynonyl) phthalate (MCNP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-isodecyl phthalate (DiDP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 2.66 (2.43-2.91) 2.48 (2.29-2.71) 4.48 (4.05-4.85) 8.67 (7.17-9.71) 13.2 (10.8-17.5) 2548 

07-08 2.44 (2.25-2.65) 2.21 (2.00-2.36) 4.00 (3.68-4.44) 8.31 (6.96-9.04) 12.8 (11.2-15.1) 2604 

09-10 3.01 (2.74-3.31) 2.79 (2.48-3.10) 5.04 (4.47-5.66) 9.76 (8.41-11.2) 15.5 (12.8-18.9) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 5.00 (4.45-5.63) 5.06 (4.18-5.76) 7.48 (6.70-8.84) 16.1 (12.5-18.9) 23.5 (16.1-31.7) 356 

07-08 3.88 (3.34-4.50) 3.82 (3.17-4.18) 6.07 (5.14-7.00) 11.2 (9.01-13.6) 18.2 (12.6-27.0) 389 

09-10 4.49 (4.01-5.03) 4.33 (3.95-4.82) 7.30 (6.41-8.54) 11.2 (9.74-13.6) 14.9 (12.7-23.1) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 2.37 (2.04-2.75) 2.18 (1.91-2.52) 3.64 (2.94-4.55) 6.26 (5.15-8.70) 10.7 (7.57-14.1) 702 

07-08 2.23 (2.07-2.40) 1.96 (1.83-2.08) 3.68 (3.08-3.83) 6.39 (4.88-9.01) 10.0 (7.26-13.5) 401 

09-10 2.43 (2.10-2.81) 2.17 (1.79-2.54) 3.94 (3.23-4.87) 7.67 (5.32-11.2) 12.8 (8.43-14.4) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 2.52 (2.29-2.78) 2.37 (2.14-2.57) 4.05 (3.77-4.51) 7.90 (6.46-9.40) 12.0 (9.71-16.7) 1490 

07-08 2.36 (2.15-2.58) 2.14 (1.91-2.32) 3.88 (3.44-4.29) 8.21 (6.67-9.00) 12.3 (11.0-15.3) 1814 

09-10 2.97 (2.69-3.29) 2.72 (2.43-3.03) 4.93 (4.32-5.62) 9.68 (7.90-11.6) 15.6 (11.9-22.5) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 2.53 (2.28-2.82) 2.36 (2.14-2.56) 4.38 (3.74-5.04) 7.41 (6.47-8.88) 13.0 (9.40-19.6) 1270 

07-08 2.32 (2.11-2.55) 2.12 (1.90-2.32) 3.88 (3.50-4.29) 7.13 (5.78-9.15) 11.4 (9.68-15.5) 1294 

09-10 2.82 (2.55-3.12) 2.56 (2.28-2.96) 4.73 (4.19-5.49) 8.68 (7.21-10.2) 13.4 (11.2-15.4) 1399 

Females 05-06 2.79 (2.47-3.15) 2.65 (2.34-2.95) 4.51 (4.03-5.15) 9.41 (6.82-11.6) 13.5 (10.7-19.7) 1278 

07-08 2.57 (2.33-2.83) 2.27 (2.03-2.57) 4.13 (3.78-4.82) 8.71 (7.41-9.50) 13.5 (12.0-16.0) 1310 

09-10 3.20 (2.88-3.57) 2.98 (2.72-3.28) 5.40 (4.70-6.23) 10.6 (8.39-13.8) 16.9 (12.5-27.3) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 2.45 (2.13-2.81) 2.32 (2.14-2.60) 4.04 (3.64-4.58) 6.96 (5.73-8.14) 11.0 (7.89-19.1) 637 

07-08 2.32 (2.10-2.56) 2.10 (1.90-2.34) 4.12 (3.54-4.68) 6.89 (5.73-7.67) 9.75 (7.69-11.7) 531 

09-10 2.33 (2.08-2.62) 2.12 (1.80-2.66) 3.80 (3.27-4.58) 7.02 (5.44-9.66) 11.3 (8.09-13.0) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 2.24 (1.96-2.55) 1.97 (1.78-2.37) 3.60 (3.25-4.24) 7.82 (6.38-10.4) 12.1 (10.1-17.4) 678 

07-08 2.25 (2.05-2.47) 2.00 (1.88-2.17) 3.88 (3.50-4.27) 8.18 (6.25-10.4) 14.9 (9.31-20.4) 597 

09-10 2.54 (2.24-2.88) 2.46 (2.02-2.96) 4.52 (4.20-5.13) 8.51 (6.35-10.9) 11.3 (9.81-16.0) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 2.81 (2.51-3.14) 2.57 (2.33-2.85) 4.62 (4.10-5.19) 9.26 (7.00-10.8) 13.5 (10.3-23.5) 1038 

07-08 2.53 (2.23-2.86) 2.26 (1.98-2.57) 4.11 (3.66-4.70) 8.51 (6.59-10.2) 13.3 (10.7-17.6) 1077 

09-10 3.35 (2.98-3.77) 3.06 (2.76-3.36) 5.51 (4.74-6.35) 10.4 (8.43-13.5) 15.8 (12.3-24.8) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DiDP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

230 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-isononyl phthalate (MiNP) 

Metabolite of Di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 5.39 (<LOD-21.3) 2541 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2782 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.54 (<LOD-2.00) 2605 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 1.69 (<LOD-2.00) 3.54 (2.31-6.16) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.54 (<LOD-1.69) 3.08 (2.16-4.16) 2604 

09-10 * < LOD 1.80 (1.49-2.13) 5.62 (4.48-7.28) 14.6 (10.7-18.3) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 9.55 (<LOD-34.7) 328 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 393 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD 1.54 (<LOD-2.31) 2.62 (1.85-4.77) 342 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 1.69 (<LOD-2.00) 2.16 (2.00-2.62) 356 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.39 (<LOD-2.00) 2.16 (1.54-3.85) 389 

09-10 * < LOD 1.72 (1.09-2.94) 5.30 (3.08-8.98) 13.1 (5.33-21.5) 415 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.54 (<LOD-31.3) 752 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.39 (<LOD-1.69) 742 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.16 (<LOD-2.77) 729 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 2.16 (<LOD-4.31) 5.39 (2.00-12.2) 702 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 2.46 (1.39-5.39) 5.54 (2.46-8.01) 401 

09-10 * < LOD 2.20 (1.42-3.96) 10.7 (4.87-17.1) 20.6 (14.8-36.1) 420 

20 years and older 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 4.77 (<LOD-20.3) 1461 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1647 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1534 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 1.54 (<LOD-2.00) 3.54 (2.16-6.47) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.39 (<LOD-1.69) 2.77 (1.85-3.85) 1814 

09-10 * < LOD 1.76 (1.43-2.11) 5.44 (4.31-6.64) 12.9 (8.32-17.9) 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 7.55 (<LOD-29.1) 1215 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1371 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.54 (<LOD-2.77) 1250 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 2.00 (1.39-2.93) 4.00 (3.23-6.31) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.54 (<LOD-2.16) 3.23 (2.31-4.93) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD 2.06 (1.74-2.68) 7.19 (5.62-10.5) 17.1 (11.7-27.6) 1399 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.85 (<LOD-10.5) 1326 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.39 (<LOD-1.69) 1411 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1355 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 1.39 (<LOD-1.54) 2.62 (1.85-4.31) 1278 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.39 (<LOD-1.69) 2.77 (2.00-3.70) 1310 

09-10 * < LOD 1.52 (1.12-1.91) 4.70 (3.80-5.47) 12.3 (6.61-16.5) 1350 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 1.23, 1.23, 1.54, 1.23, 1.23, and 0.77 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 1.54 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously reported. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DiNP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

231 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-isononyl phthalate (MiNP) 

Metabolite of Di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.31 (<LOD-4.31) 814 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.54 (<LOD-2.16) 677 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 652 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 1.54 (<LOD-2.00) 4.31 (2.00-8.62) 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.39 (<LOD-2.93) 3.08 (2.00-3.85) 531 

09-10 * < LOD 1.52 (1.19-1.91) 5.11 (3.77-7.67) 12.9 (6.27-22.2) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 3.54 (<LOD-21.3) 10.5 (<LOD-46.5) 603 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 1.54 (<LOD-2.62) 703 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.00 (1.54-3.08) 699 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 2.00 (1.54-2.77) 5.70 (3.54-8.62) 678 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.69 (<LOD-2.31) 3.70 (2.16-5.70) 597 

09-10 * < LOD 2.14 (1.79-2.56) 6.05 (4.48-10.5) 17.1 (8.32-21.9) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 5.39 (<LOD-24.6) 912 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1216 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1088 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 1.54 (<LOD-2.16) 3.23 (1.85-6.47) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 1.39 (<LOD-2.00) 2.77 (1.69-4.93) 1077 

09-10 * < LOD 1.83 (1.40-2.53) 5.67 (4.59-8.07) 14.7 (10.3-21.5) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 1.23, 1.23, 1.54, 1.23, 1.23, and 0.77 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 1.54 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously reported 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DiNP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

232 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-isononyl phthalate (MiNP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 6.61 (<LOD-12.8) 2541 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2782 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 4.50 (<LOD-4.90) 2605 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 3.20 (<LOD-3.82) 5.16 (3.99-5.67) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 3.35 (<LOD-3.96) 5.05 (4.15-6.22) 2604 

09-10 * < LOD 2.16 (1.91-2.41) 5.40 (4.21-7.00) 11.8 (9.59-14.2) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 9.24 (<LOD-21.9) 328 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 393 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD 3.71 (<LOD-4.82) 5.04 (3.71-7.19) 342 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 2.37 (<LOD-2.93) 3.03 (2.54-5.16) 356 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 3.35 (<LOD-5.33) 5.33 (3.11-7.26) 389 

09-10 * < LOD 2.53 (1.93-3.09) 6.61 (3.77-9.73) 10.7 (6.70-21.7) 415 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.08 (<LOD-11.8) 752 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.19 (<LOD-5.13) 742 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.03 (<LOD-3.99) 729 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 2.66 (<LOD-3.59) 3.99 (2.97-5.28) 702 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 2.56 (2.10-3.23) 3.68 (2.90-6.84) 401 

09-10 * < LOD 2.14 (1.40-3.40) 7.58 (4.06-11.2) 13.2 (10.2-23.4) 420 

20 years and older 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 7.11 (<LOD-12.4) 1461 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1647 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1534 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 3.37 (<LOD-4.19) 5.17 (4.17-6.11) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 3.48 (<LOD-4.15) 5.45 (4.15-6.39) 1814 

09-10 * < LOD 2.12 (1.86-2.35) 5.00 (3.91-6.67) 11.7 (8.29-14.5) 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 6.53 (<LOD-15.7) 1215 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1371 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.56 (<LOD-4.54) 1250 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 2.51 (1.96-3.51) 3.99 (2.79-5.61) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 2.42 (<LOD-2.95) 3.96 (3.23-5.05) 1294 

09-10 * < LOD 1.91 (1.59-2.37) 5.54 (4.14-7.89) 12.9 (9.90-18.8) 1399 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 6.61 (<LOD-11.8) 1326 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 4.20 (<LOD-4.40) 1411 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1355 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 3.67 (<LOD-4.39) 5.37 (4.88-6.27) 1278 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 4.08 (<LOD-4.84) 5.81 (4.36-7.26) 1310 

09-10 * < LOD 2.35 (2.01-2.49) 5.40 (4.13-7.00) 10.8 (7.58-14.9) 1350 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 1.54 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously reported 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DiNP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

233 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-isononyl phthalate (MiNP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 5.44 (<LOD-7.70) 814 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.70 (<LOD-4.20) 677 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 652 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 2.71 (<LOD-3.73) 4.88 (3.73-6.27) 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 2.81 (<LOD-3.23) 3.96 (3.23-5.13) 531 

09-10 * < LOD 1.74 (1.42-2.35) 4.35 (3.10-9.92) 11.5 (8.42-19.1) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 3.13 (<LOD-8.18) 6.61 (<LOD-22.1) 603 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 2.71 (<LOD-3.30) 703 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 3.37 (2.57-3.85) 699 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 2.22 (1.83-2.59) 4.39 (2.83-6.75) 678 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 2.49 (<LOD-3.35) 4.19 (3.11-4.62) 597 

09-10 * < LOD 1.51 (1.25-1.80) 4.00 (2.90-5.61) 8.97 (5.15-15.1) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD < LOD 8.39 (<LOD-15.4) 912 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1216 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1088 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD 3.37 (<LOD-3.99) 4.88 (3.99-5.41) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD 3.60 (<LOD-4.15) 5.45 (3.96-6.96) 1077 

09-10 * < LOD 2.41 (2.08-2.70) 6.00 (4.23-8.05) 12.9 (10.4-16.6) 1206 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 1.54 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously reported 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DiNP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

234 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(carboxyoctyl) phthalate (MCOP) 

Metabolite of Di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 5.39 (4.68-6.22) 5.10 (4.40-6.00) 10.9 (9.10-13.1) 25.5 (19.1-35.4) 54.4 (32.5-85.2) 2548 

07-08 6.79 (5.83-7.92) 6.40 (5.60-7.40) 14.9 (12.1-18.2) 34.6 (25.2-43.8) 63.0 (41.8-80.0) 2604 

09-10 12.6 (10.4-15.2) 11.8 (9.26-14.7) 33.1 (25.8-40.2) 83.3 (61.2-113) 160 (117-191) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 8.52 (7.19-10.1) 8.90 (7.60-9.90) 15.0 (11.3-19.3) 26.4 (19.9-37.3) 40.3 (26.4-61.6) 356 

07-08 10.8 (9.25-12.6) 10.7 (9.10-13.1) 19.8 (15.8-24.5) 33.8 (26.1-50.3) 59.9 (33.5-79.5) 389 

09-10 15.0 (10.8-20.7) 14.2 (9.15-20.7) 34.7 (18.6-56.5) 74.6 (41.6-135) 120 (74.6-340) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 6.61 (5.42-8.06) 6.30 (5.20-7.30) 11.9 (9.60-16.0) 28.4 (18.2-58.7) 63.2 (28.4-106) 702 

07-08 9.25 (7.33-11.7) 8.10 (6.80-10.3) 20.8 (15.4-28.7) 60.5 (29.6-79.4) 79.4 (49.7-166) 401 

09-10 16.1 (12.3-20.9) 14.5 (11.6-17.0) 39.8 (22.5-61.2) 96.8 (66.7-191) 209 (135-263) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 4.96 (4.27-5.76) 4.50 (3.90-5.20) 9.70 (8.20-12.3) 25.1 (18.2-35.7) 54.4 (30.8-88.5) 1490 

07-08 6.15 (5.20-7.29) 5.80 (5.00-6.60) 13.2 (10.5-16.8) 32.0 (23.0-41.8) 61.2 (38.9-80.0) 1814 

09-10 11.9 (9.89-14.3) 11.0 (8.58-13.7) 32.1 (25.8-39.0) 83.7 (56.0-114) 158 (109-188) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 6.24 (5.25-7.42) 5.70 (4.70-6.90) 12.1 (10.2-15.1) 30.8 (19.0-58.8) 66.4 (33.8-122) 1270 

07-08 7.14 (6.10-8.36) 6.60 (5.70-7.70) 15.6 (12.4-19.3) 35.7 (24.7-43.2) 61.2 (40.1-89.1) 1294 

09-10 14.0 (11.6-16.8) 13.4 (10.5-15.6) 36.0 (27.5-45.9) 92.9 (66.1-134) 168 (111-217) 1399 

Females 05-06 4.69 (4.14-5.30) 4.50 (4.00-5.20) 9.30 (8.20-11.1) 21.5 (17.5-27.0) 41.7 (28.1-61.7) 1278 

07-08 6.48 (5.49-7.65) 6.20 (5.40-7.40) 14.3 (12.0-17.0) 32.6 (24.8-47.0) 64.8 (47.0-73.3) 1310 

09-10 11.4 (9.17-14.1) 10.6 (8.05-13.7) 29.6 (20.8-38.4) 70.4 (50.1-113) 146 (85.2-188) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 5.77 (4.84-6.87) 5.20 (4.50-5.70) 9.90 (8.50-12.0) 23.6 (14.9-49.7) 54.4 (23.0-185) 637 

07-08 6.83 (6.23-7.49) 6.20 (5.60-6.80) 12.9 (11.3-14.9) 29.1 (25.2-33.8) 52.0 (36.8-61.2) 531 

09-10 9.96 (7.99-12.4) 8.59 (6.21-12.1) 20.3 (15.8-32.6) 59.3 (44.0-69.5) 86.2 (63.2-136) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 6.08 (5.60-6.61) 6.00 (5.10-6.70) 11.4 (10.4-13.0) 24.5 (20.3-28.1) 50.0 (32.0-70.3) 678 

07-08 7.55 (6.21-9.17) 7.00 (6.00-8.00) 16.6 (12.0-22.9) 40.3 (25.5-51.9) 60.4 (41.8-97.8) 597 

09-10 12.6 (9.85-16.1) 11.0 (7.35-16.2) 34.5 (26.5-42.1) 82.4 (63.8-109) 137 (83.3-188) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 5.25 (4.40-6.27) 5.00 (4.10-6.20) 11.1 (8.60-13.6) 25.5 (17.7-43.5) 56.1 (28.1-88.5) 1038 

07-08 6.81 (5.48-8.46) 6.40 (5.20-7.90) 15.1 (11.0-20.8) 35.7 (23.2-62.0) 64.7 (39.4-89.0) 1077 

09-10 13.4 (10.7-16.8) 12.9 (10.1-16.1) 34.8 (27.5-43.4) 88.9 (64.4-136) 168 (113-220) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 0.7, 0.7, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DiNP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

235 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(carboxyoctyl) phthalate (MCOP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 05-06 5.26 (4.54-6.10) 4.53 (3.95-5.11) 9.25 (7.64-11.2) 24.0 (17.1-30.8) 40.2 (30.3-55.2) 2548 

07-08 6.85 (6.05-7.75) 5.94 (5.19-6.67) 12.6 (10.8-14.4) 30.6 (23.4-38.5) 50.2 (40.0-60.0) 2604 

09-10 13.1 (11.1-15.5) 11.6 (9.69-13.8) 29.3 (23.7-36.2) 72.3 (55.0-93.8) 119 (89.1-147) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 05-06 9.38 (8.08-10.9) 8.48 (7.66-10.1) 14.8 (12.2-18.7) 30.3 (20.0-38.8) 40.1 (28.2-57.3) 356 

07-08 13.3 (11.4-15.5) 11.6 (9.90-14.2) 23.1 (16.2-32.5) 44.2 (27.0-64.1) 60.3 (44.2-110) 389 

09-10 19.5 (14.7-25.9) 18.6 (11.7-26.9) 35.9 (25.7-56.9) 87.8 (43.7-132) 139 (80.1-312) 415 

12-19 years 05-06 4.93 (4.10-5.93) 4.32 (3.61-4.89) 7.44 (5.93-11.0) 19.4 (12.4-31.8) 34.7 (24.1-58.3) 702 

07-08 7.20 (5.94-8.73) 6.28 (4.79-8.08) 12.6 (10.0-20.7) 32.7 (22.6-56.9) 56.9 (31.4-103) 401 

09-10 12.9 (10.5-15.8) 11.5 (8.38-15.1) 26.3 (19.2-37.9) 74.8 (43.5-120) 125 (101-167) 420 

20 years and older 05-06 4.97 (4.26-5.81) 4.17 (3.68-4.77) 8.58 (7.23-10.6) 23.4 (15.5-31.8) 41.1 (29.2-55.9) 1490 

07-08 6.32 (5.49-7.27) 5.31 (4.77-6.05) 11.8 (9.27-13.9) 27.5 (19.5-36.8) 47.7 (34.4-60.9) 1814 

09-10 12.6 (10.7-14.8) 10.9 (9.42-12.7) 28.5 (23.3-35.9) 69.5 (52.5-89.4) 113 (81.9-153) 1914 

Gender 

Males 05-06 5.01 (4.21-5.97) 4.29 (3.75-5.03) 8.44 (7.17-10.9) 21.6 (15.1-35.4) 44.6 (25.7-85.9) 1270 

07-08 6.01 (5.29-6.84) 5.14 (4.54-6.26) 11.5 (9.32-13.6) 24.5 (19.2-31.0) 43.2 (31.2-54.9) 1294 

09-10 12.5 (10.6-14.7) 11.4 (9.29-13.9) 28.6 (23.5-36.6) 67.2 (52.0-85.9) 106 (82.2-138) 1399 

Females 05-06 5.51 (4.75-6.39) 4.73 (4.23-5.32) 9.55 (8.26-12.2) 24.7 (17.3-30.3) 39.3 (30.3-45.0) 1278 

07-08 7.76 (6.84-8.81) 6.52 (5.95-7.39) 13.7 (11.9-16.5) 35.3 (26.6-44.2) 57.7 (43.5-74.4) 1310 

09-10 13.7 (11.5-16.4) 11.8 (9.80-14.4) 29.5 (22.8-37.9) 75.3 (54.2-110) 123 (93.8-197) 1350 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 05-06 5.19 (4.38-6.14) 4.50 (3.64-5.29) 8.04 (7.13-10.1) 19.5 (12.3-37.7) 43.6 (20.9-93.4) 637 

07-08 6.66 (5.97-7.44) 5.29 (4.69-6.20) 11.6 (10.4-13.0) 25.7 (20.9-29.8) 38.3 (30.8-58.3) 531 

09-10 9.89 (7.75-12.6) 8.53 (6.98-10.0) 20.9 (12.8-28.3) 51.6 (34.2-72.3) 89.4 (59.3-125) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 05-06 4.28 (3.86-4.74) 3.67 (3.26-4.09) 7.60 (6.80-8.81) 17.1 (13.2-21.5) 31.8 (22.5-43.7) 678 

07-08 5.87 (4.82-7.13) 5.37 (4.16-6.50) 11.1 (8.68-15.2) 28.1 (17.7-37.2) 40.2 (32.0-57.8) 597 

09-10 9.11 (7.52-11.0) 7.62 (5.84-10.8) 19.8 (15.5-26.5) 47.6 (36.9-57.7) 77.8 (57.0-104) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 05-06 5.53 (4.61-6.63) 4.81 (4.13-5.56) 10.0 (7.63-13.3) 25.2 (16.3-34.5) 39.3 (26.8-59.7) 1038 

07-08 7.11 (5.91-8.56) 6.27 (5.09-7.50) 13.0 (10.4-16.3) 31.1 (21.3-43.2) 54.2 (40.2-64.1) 1077 

09-10 15.1 (12.6-18.1) 13.5 (11.3-16.4) 33.6 (27.0-43.5) 79.2 (60.0-106) 126 (97.9-186) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DiNP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

236 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-methyl phthalate (MMP) 

Metabolite of Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 1.15 (.985-1.34) 1.50 (1.30-1.80) 3.30 (2.90-3.70) 6.00 (5.10-7.50) 9.80 (8.00-12.5) 2782 

03-04 * 1.30 (<LOD-1.70) 3.90 (3.00-4.90) 9.70 (7.70-12.2) 16.3 (12.0-20.4) 2605 

05-06 * < LOD 2.50 (1.90-3.40) 7.40 (6.10-8.60) 12.4 (10.8-14.7) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD 2.20 (1.80-2.70) 6.50 (4.70-8.30) 11.3 (8.40-16.3) 2604 

09-10 * .940 (.670-1.21) 2.89 (2.51-3.28) 6.72 (5.76-8.16) 12.0 (9.29-15.3) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 1.45 (1.13-1.87) 1.90 (1.40-2.80) 4.00 (3.40-4.90) 7.20 (6.00-8.00) 11.8 (7.60-20.8) 393 

03-04 2.10 (1.67-2.63) 1.70 (1.20-2.40) 4.30 (2.80-6.40) 9.50 (6.40-18.8) 18.8 (9.40-33.4) 342 

05-06 * < LOD 4.00 (3.30-4.80) 10.6 (7.40-13.4) 15.4 (10.6-30.6) 356 

07-08 * 1.20 (<LOD-1.60) 3.70 (3.00-5.30) 8.00 (6.50-8.70) 12.1 (8.30-35.8) 389 

09-10 2.13 (1.83-2.47) 2.36 (1.72-2.92) 4.83 (3.85-5.61) 10.8 (8.59-16.7) 22.3 (11.4-25.8) 415 

12-19 years 01-02 1.59 (1.28-1.96) 2.10 (1.80-2.50) 3.90 (3.30-4.70) 8.50 (5.30-10.5) 13.0 (9.60-17.8) 742 

03-04 * 1.50 (1.00-2.20) 4.40 (3.00-7.00) 13.3 (7.40-20.9) 21.8 (17.8-31.5) 729 

05-06 * < LOD 3.70 (2.70-4.60) 8.60 (7.00-9.50) 12.4 (9.30-20.7) 702 

07-08 * < LOD 2.30 (1.70-3.20) 6.70 (4.20-8.90) 12.0 (7.90-17.4) 401 

09-10 1.45 (1.12-1.89) 1.37 (.870-1.98) 3.33 (2.76-4.53) 7.68 (5.27-11.7) 12.0 (7.33-19.6) 420 

20 years and older 01-02 1.06 (.904-1.25) 1.40 (1.10-1.60) 3.10 (2.50-3.50) 5.60 (4.60-7.10) 9.20 (7.40-12.3) 1647 

03-04 * 1.20 (<LOD-1.50) 3.80 (2.80-4.90) 9.30 (7.10-11.8) 14.3 (10.8-19.9) 1534 

05-06 * < LOD 2.20 (1.60-2.80) 6.90 (5.30-8.40) 11.9 (9.50-14.7) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD 2.00 (1.60-2.50) 6.00 (4.20-8.30) 11.1 (8.10-17.3) 1814 

09-10 * .750 (<LOD-1.02) 2.59 (2.19-2.90) 6.30 (5.22-7.60) 10.5 (8.49-14.2) 1914 

Gender 

Males 01-02 1.17 (.962-1.43) 1.50 (1.30-1.90) 3.30 (2.90-4.00) 5.90 (4.80-7.90) 9.20 (7.10-13.5) 1371 

03-04 * 1.30 (1.00-1.80) 4.00 (3.20-5.20) 10.0 (7.30-13.5) 17.7 (11.8-20.4) 1250 

05-06 * < LOD 2.40 (1.80-3.50) 7.40 (5.70-9.20) 13.4 (11.0-15.7) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD 2.40 (1.80-3.20) 6.90 (4.70-8.70) 10.3 (8.20-17.2) 1294 

09-10 * 1.04 (.730-1.40) 2.92 (2.60-3.47) 6.53 (5.38-8.66) 11.4 (8.86-13.9) 1399 

Females 01-02 1.13 (.973-1.31) 1.40 (1.10-1.70) 3.30 (2.80-3.70) 6.40 (5.00-7.80) 10.3 (8.20-16.2) 1411 

03-04 * 1.20 (<LOD-1.60) 3.60 (2.80-4.70) 9.50 (7.70-12.2) 15.3 (11.7-22.9) 1355 

05-06 * < LOD 2.60 (1.80-3.40) 7.40 (5.10-9.30) 12.0 (9.30-16.0) 1278 

07-08 * < LOD 2.10 (1.70-2.50) 6.20 (4.30-8.20) 12.0 (7.90-16.1) 1310 

09-10 * .840 (.600-1.09) 2.81 (2.30-3.25) 6.81 (5.49-8.27) 13.5 (8.91-16.8) 1350 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06,07-08, and 09-10 are 0.2, 1.0, 1.1,1.1, and 0.5 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DMP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

237 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-methyl phthalate (MMP) 

Metabolite of Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 1.21 (1.02-1.45) 1.60 (1.30-1.70) 3.30 (2.70-4.00) 5.60 (4.70-7.30) 8.60 (6.40-15.2) 677 

03-04 * 1.40 (1.10-1.80) 4.00 (2.50-6.30) 9.60 (7.30-13.4) 15.0 (11.4-18.8) 652 

05-06 * < LOD 3.10 (2.20-4.30) 7.30 (5.90-9.40) 11.3 (8.50-18.0) 637 

07-08 * < LOD 2.50 (1.30-3.70) 6.40 (4.20-11.1) 12.1 (6.80-16.3) 531 

09-10 1.36 (1.22-1.51) 1.26 (.970-1.53) 3.67 (2.97-4.16) 8.30 (6.51-9.24) 12.0 (9.36-18.2) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 1.64 (1.37-1.98) 2.10 (1.70-2.70) 4.40 (3.60-5.10) 8.30 (6.20-10.1) 11.0 (9.50-13.4) 703 

03-04 2.16 (1.64-2.84) 1.70 (1.00-2.80) 5.10 (3.70-7.00) 11.4 (7.30-17.3) 17.8 (10.2-39.4) 699 

05-06 * < LOD 3.70 (2.40-4.70) 8.20 (6.10-10.6) 13.0 (10.6-15.8) 678 

07-08 * < LOD 2.40 (1.50-3.40) 6.10 (4.10-8.80) 10.6 (6.70-16.4) 597 

09-10 1.71 (1.32-2.21) 1.89 (1.33-2.66) 4.11 (3.38-5.12) 7.87 (5.90-12.5) 14.2 (8.47-17.0) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 1.08 (.906-1.29) 1.40 (1.10-1.70) 3.20 (2.50-3.60) 5.60 (4.70-6.70) 9.70 (7.10-14.0) 1216 

03-04 * 1.20 (<LOD-1.60) 3.60 (2.80-4.80) 9.70 (7.50-12.2) 16.5 (12.0-20.4) 1088 

05-06 * < LOD 2.30 (1.70-2.80) 7.40 (5.50-8.80) 12.5 (10.4-15.0) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD 2.10 (1.70-2.60) 6.80 (4.30-8.50) 11.2 (8.00-18.7) 1077 

09-10 * .690 (<LOD-.930) 2.37 (1.95-2.85) 6.17 (5.23-8.04) 12.3 (8.97-15.9) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06,07-08, and 09-10 are 0.2, 1.0, 1.1,1.1, and 0.5 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DMP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

238 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-methyl phthalate (MMP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 1.08 (.936-1.25) 1.33 (1.13-1.55) 2.62 (2.36-2.97) 5.00 (3.97-6.02) 8.00 (6.07-11.0) 2782 

03-04 * 1.53 (<LOD-1.79) 3.45 (2.76-4.37) 7.95 (5.83-11.8) 13.5 (11.3-18.1) 2605 

05-06 * < LOD 2.85 (2.52-3.25) 6.53 (5.49-7.67) 12.2 (9.74-14.3) 2548 

07-08 * < LOD 2.79 (2.31-3.25) 5.68 (4.77-7.36) 10.8 (8.00-13.6) 2604 

09-10 * 1.18 (1.03-1.38) 2.56 (2.29-2.92) 5.55 (4.81-6.54) 10.6 (7.70-13.1) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 1.65 (1.28-2.14) 2.32 (1.72-2.86) 3.97 (3.27-4.71) 7.20 (5.99-9.41) 13.2 (7.60-22.5) 393 

03-04 2.22 (1.75-2.81) 1.88 (1.49-2.60) 4.96 (2.81-6.49) 9.67 (6.15-14.6) 16.2 (12.1-34.5) 342 

05-06 * < LOD 4.59 (3.09-6.35) 11.0 (8.07-15.0) 18.6 (10.4-21.9) 356 

07-08 * 2.05 (<LOD-2.33) 4.56 (3.85-5.36) 9.06 (6.63-11.4) 13.6 (10.4-36.0) 389 

09-10 2.77 (2.44-3.15) 2.85 (2.46-3.29) 5.24 (4.34-6.18) 14.7 (9.87-16.6) 20.5 (14.7-27.7) 415 

12-19 years 01-02 1.23 (1.01-1.48) 1.51 (1.32-1.82) 2.84 (2.52-3.33) 5.36 (3.68-6.39) 7.27 (5.64-11.4) 742 

03-04 * 1.34 (1.12-1.73) 3.19 (2.26-4.43) 7.84 (4.95-12.1) 13.3 (9.49-19.1) 729 

05-06 * < LOD 2.80 (2.15-3.55) 5.65 (4.33-6.52) 12.4 (6.45-18.9) 702 

07-08 * < LOD 2.00 (1.63-2.63) 4.32 (3.10-6.05) 7.25 (4.77-10.8) 401 

09-10 1.17 (.907-1.51) 1.18 (.930-1.49) 2.24 (1.81-2.62) 4.17 (3.09-6.47) 7.33 (4.56-15.9) 420 

20 years and older 01-02 1.00 (.868-1.16) 1.21 (1.05-1.40) 2.44 (2.14-2.68) 4.53 (3.49-6.02) 7.72 (5.52-11.4) 1647 

03-04 * 1.52 (<LOD-1.79) 3.39 (2.69-4.31) 7.69 (5.40-11.8) 13.3 (10.1-18.9) 1534 

05-06 * < LOD 2.76 (2.44-3.12) 6.09 (5.00-7.75) 11.2 (9.17-13.4) 1490 

07-08 * < LOD 2.75 (2.26-3.25) 5.58 (4.33-7.59) 10.4 (7.09-14.8) 1814 

09-10 * 1.09 (<LOD-1.23) 2.34 (2.02-2.69) 5.16 (4.25-6.39) 9.53 (7.07-12.1) 1914 

Gender 

Males 01-02 .954 (.794-1.15) 1.17 (1.02-1.40) 2.37 (2.03-2.75) 4.18 (3.45-5.64) 6.42 (4.94-9.59) 1371 

03-04 * 1.35 (1.15-1.52) 2.95 (2.26-4.09) 7.11 (5.00-10.2) 11.8 (9.05-13.3) 1250 

05-06 * < LOD 2.19 (1.89-2.50) 5.03 (4.09-6.45) 10.2 (7.75-13.4) 1270 

07-08 * < LOD 2.33 (1.92-2.88) 4.88 (3.85-7.25) 8.56 (6.25-13.8) 1294 

09-10 * 1.02 (.850-1.21) 2.49 (2.00-2.86) 5.23 (4.25-6.84) 9.51 (7.20-12.4) 1399 

Females 01-02 1.21 (1.06-1.38) 1.45 (1.23-1.82) 2.87 (2.58-3.06) 5.56 (4.55-7.14) 10.0 (7.20-15.3) 1411 

03-04 * 1.83 (<LOD-2.10) 3.87 (3.04-4.96) 9.41 (6.41-13.6) 16.5 (12.5-23.5) 1355 

05-06 * < LOD 3.47 (3.00-4.11) 7.67 (6.00-9.75) 13.2 (9.75-18.7) 1278 

07-08 * < LOD 3.12 (2.72-3.71) 6.50 (5.20-8.67) 11.7 (8.56-14.8) 1310 

09-10 * 1.35 (1.16-1.57) 2.76 (2.34-3.18) 5.77 (4.94-7.22) 11.3 (8.29-15.5) 1350 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DMP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

239 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-methyl phthalate (MMP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 1.14 (.975-1.34) 1.48 (1.30-1.63) 2.50 (2.20-2.94) 4.19 (3.77-5.76) 8.47 (5.58-12.5) 677 

03-04 * 1.36 (1.15-1.71) 3.56 (2.45-4.90) 7.53 (5.62-9.64) 12.5 (9.44-16.9) 652 

05-06 * < LOD 2.86 (2.07-3.67) 6.48 (4.21-8.24) 11.5 (6.94-21.7) 637 

07-08 * < LOD 2.59 (2.06-3.39) 5.65 (3.60-8.13) 9.40 (6.06-13.9) 531 

09-10 1.35 (1.19-1.53) 1.37 (1.13-1.67) 3.13 (2.61-3.57) 6.18 (5.33-8.40) 10.7 (8.33-15.2) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 1.15 (.949-1.40) 1.39 (1.29-1.67) 2.70 (2.36-2.95) 4.87 (4.21-5.93) 8.09 (5.86-11.0) 703 

03-04 1.53 (1.21-1.94) 1.40 (1.07-1.75) 3.14 (2.26-4.37) 7.50 (4.29-14.6) 13.7 (7.70-20.7) 699 

05-06 * < LOD 2.59 (1.87-3.28) 5.20 (4.53-6.29) 8.50 (6.79-10.3) 678 

07-08 * < LOD 2.10 (1.69-2.44) 4.22 (2.94-5.74) 7.36 (4.88-8.79) 597 

09-10 1.24 (.983-1.56) 1.35 (1.08-1.58) 2.69 (2.22-3.23) 4.94 (4.03-6.54) 8.18 (5.74-15.5) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 1.07 (.914-1.26) 1.30 (1.05-1.58) 2.62 (2.32-2.99) 5.22 (3.68-6.82) 8.26 (6.07-12.6) 1216 

03-04 * 1.56 (<LOD-1.89) 3.50 (2.71-4.67) 8.10 (6.00-11.9) 13.6 (11.3-18.9) 1088 

05-06 * < LOD 2.98 (2.60-3.39) 7.19 (5.58-9.51) 13.4 (10.4-16.6) 1038 

07-08 * < LOD 2.89 (2.26-3.67) 6.01 (4.63-8.57) 11.7 (7.47-15.6) 1077 

09-10 * 1.13 (<LOD-1.29) 2.48 (2.06-2.80) 5.38 (4.44-6.76) 10.9 (7.68-13.8) 1206 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DMP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

240 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) 

Metabolite of Di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 2.75 (2.49-3.04) 3.10 (2.80-3.30) 5.70 (5.10-6.40) 10.0 (8.90-11.3) 14.6 (12.7-17.5) 2782 

03-04 2.91 (2.79-3.04) 3.10 (3.00-3.30) 5.70 (5.20-6.10) 10.2 (9.20-11.8) 15.3 (13.8-16.2) 2605 

05-06 2.05 (1.87-2.26) 2.10 (1.90-2.40) 4.40 (4.00-4.80) 8.90 (7.60-10.1) 13.1 (10.6-17.4) 2548 

07-08 2.76 (2.52-3.04) 2.70 (2.50-3.00) 5.80 (5.20-6.50) 11.1 (9.70-13.1) 18.1 (15.4-22.3) 2604 

09-10 3.02 (2.58-3.53) 3.10 (2.57-3.65) 6.44 (5.44-7.70) 13.4 (11.4-16.5) 22.3 (19.5-26.2) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 6.11 (5.46-6.84) 6.70 (5.40-7.50) 11.8 (10.2-13.3) 20.1 (17.8-23.1) 24.7 (22.2-31.6) 393 

03-04 6.86 (5.80-8.11) 7.10 (6.00-8.90) 12.7 (10.4-16.4) 22.0 (17.2-27.7) 29.2 (22.3-36.6) 342 

05-06 4.82 (4.09-5.68) 4.90 (4.30-5.90) 8.50 (6.70-10.4) 13.1 (10.3-17.9) 17.9 (12.6-34.5) 356 

07-08 6.01 (4.80-7.53) 6.40 (5.10-8.00) 11.3 (8.40-15.9) 20.3 (13.2-27.3) 23.9 (19.1-34.1) 389 

09-10 4.54 (3.74-5.52) 4.86 (3.71-6.49) 9.08 (7.14-11.2) 14.4 (10.8-20.3) 20.3 (14.3-51.9) 415 

12-19 years 01-02 3.71 (3.18-4.33) 4.00 (3.40-4.70) 7.10 (6.10-8.10) 11.5 (9.50-12.7) 14.1 (11.8-19.0) 742 

03-04 3.72 (3.33-4.15) 4.10 (3.50-4.60) 7.20 (5.80-8.40) 11.0 (9.50-13.6) 15.4 (13.4-17.9) 729 

05-06 2.96 (2.52-3.46) 3.10 (2.50-3.60) 5.90 (4.80-7.30) 11.8 (9.10-14.5) 17.0 (12.7-21.5) 702 

07-08 3.81 (3.15-4.61) 4.00 (3.20-4.70) 8.20 (6.90-9.40) 13.3 (11.1-17.1) 24.1 (13.8-25.6) 401 

09-10 3.65 (2.88-4.64) 3.74 (2.90-4.74) 7.16 (5.48-9.32) 15.9 (10.8-25.8) 32.3 (20.9-54.3) 420 

20 years and older 01-02 2.37 (2.11-2.66) 2.60 (2.20-3.00) 4.80 (4.30-5.40) 8.10 (7.20-9.50) 12.0 (10.1-14.2) 1647 

03-04 2.53 (2.41-2.66) 2.80 (2.60-2.90) 4.90 (4.50-5.20) 8.10 (7.50-8.90) 13.2 (10.8-14.3) 1534 

05-06 1.76 (1.60-1.93) 1.70 (1.60-2.00) 3.60 (3.20-4.10) 7.10 (6.10-8.40) 11.3 (9.60-13.6) 1490 

07-08 2.41 (2.18-2.67) 2.50 (2.20-2.60) 5.00 (4.60-5.50) 9.60 (8.00-11.1) 15.6 (12.9-19.9) 1814 

09-10 2.80 (2.40-3.28) 2.88 (2.42-3.39) 6.00 (5.04-7.15) 13.1 (10.8-16.4) 21.8 (18.7-27.9) 1914 

Gender 

Males 01-02 2.89 (2.64-3.17) 3.10 (2.80-3.40) 5.70 (5.00-6.80) 9.90 (8.70-12.0) 14.2 (12.4-18.1) 1371 

03-04 3.25 (3.01-3.52) 3.30 (3.00-3.60) 6.00 (5.60-6.80) 11.8 (10.1-13.6) 16.0 (14.2-20.0) 1250 

05-06 2.32 (2.11-2.54) 2.40 (2.00-2.70) 4.70 (4.30-5.20) 9.60 (7.90-11.8) 14.5 (11.5-22.3) 1270 

07-08 3.02 (2.70-3.39) 2.90 (2.60-3.30) 5.80 (5.10-6.60) 12.3 (10.1-15.3) 21.3 (16.7-28.5) 1294 

09-10 3.37 (2.86-3.96) 3.42 (2.91-4.04) 7.09 (6.04-8.32) 15.5 (12.9-18.7) 23.6 (19.9-33.0) 1399 

Females 01-02 2.62 (2.29-2.99) 3.00 (2.50-3.30) 5.70 (5.00-6.30) 10.0 (8.50-11.5) 14.7 (11.2-20.3) 1411 

03-04 2.63 (2.44-2.83) 3.00 (2.60-3.20) 5.20 (4.70-5.80) 9.20 (8.20-10.3) 13.4 (11.0-16.2) 1355 

05-06 1.83 (1.59-2.10) 1.80 (1.60-2.10) 4.00 (3.30-4.60) 8.00 (6.60-9.50) 12.1 (9.50-14.7) 1278 

07-08 2.54 (2.30-2.79) 2.60 (2.30-3.00) 5.90 (5.00-6.80) 10.5 (9.10-12.3) 15.4 (13.3-21.5) 1310 

09-10 2.72 (2.29-3.22) 2.79 (2.25-3.40) 5.78 (4.67-7.20) 12.6 (9.86-15.9) 20.7 (15.9-29.7) 1350 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06,07-08, and 09-10 are 0.4, 0.2, 0.2,0.2, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DOP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

241 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) 

Metabolite of Di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) and of several high molecular weight phthalates 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 2.67 (2.26-3.16) 3.00 (2.30-3.50) 5.30 (4.40-5.90) 9.20 (7.30-12.4) 13.6 (10.4-18.7) 677 

03-04 3.08 (2.86-3.32) 3.10 (2.80-3.40) 5.50 (4.80-6.10) 9.90 (7.90-12.6) 13.7 (11.5-19.8) 652 

05-06 2.24 (1.71-2.94) 2.20 (1.60-3.10) 4.50 (3.30-6.50) 9.40 (6.50-13.1) 14.1 (9.90-25.4) 637 

07-08 2.66 (2.37-3.00) 2.70 (2.40-3.20) 5.00 (4.30-5.70) 8.80 (7.60-11.2) 14.5 (11.5-17.8) 531 

09-10 2.31 (1.95-2.74) 2.32 (1.92-2.93) 5.11 (4.44-5.58) 8.95 (7.39-11.3) 14.8 (11.1-23.2) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 3.09 (2.81-3.40) 3.30 (2.90-3.60) 6.30 (5.50-6.50) 10.9 (9.10-13.0) 15.1 (13.5-22.4) 703 

03-04 3.30 (3.01-3.62) 3.20 (2.90-3.60) 6.10 (5.50-6.90) 11.6 (9.30-13.4) 20.1 (13.6-25.5) 699 

05-06 2.28 (2.03-2.57) 2.40 (2.10-2.80) 4.50 (3.80-5.60) 8.70 (7.10-10.3) 13.3 (10.4-16.5) 678 

07-08 2.94 (2.50-3.44) 2.90 (2.50-3.40) 5.80 (4.90-6.80) 12.2 (8.50-17.1) 21.1 (13.7-42.4) 597 

09-10 3.38 (2.66-4.31) 3.35 (2.49-4.56) 6.92 (5.86-8.97) 13.6 (10.2-21.0) 22.9 (17.9-28.7) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 2.72 (2.40-3.08) 3.00 (2.60-3.30) 5.80 (4.80-6.80) 10.3 (8.90-11.9) 15.8 (12.6-19.5) 1216 

03-04 2.87 (2.73-3.02) 3.10 (2.90-3.30) 5.60 (5.00-6.00) 10.1 (9.10-12.0) 15.2 (13.4-16.1) 1088 

05-06 1.97 (1.81-2.15) 2.00 (1.80-2.20) 4.20 (3.80-4.60) 8.70 (6.80-10.3) 13.1 (10.0-17.5) 1038 

07-08 2.84 (2.51-3.21) 2.90 (2.50-3.40) 6.10 (5.30-7.00) 11.4 (9.70-14.0) 18.1 (14.0-24.1) 1077 

09-10 3.17 (2.65-3.79) 3.16 (2.60-3.87) 6.86 (5.72-8.32) 14.5 (12.6-17.8) 23.6 (18.9-35.7) 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06,07-08, and 09-10 are 0.4, 0.2, 0.2,0.2, and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DOP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

242 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 2.58 (2.35-2.83) 2.47 (2.25-2.76) 4.08 (3.87-4.48) 7.24 (6.58-8.00) 11.4 (10.0-12.5) 2782 

03-04 2.74 (2.56-2.93) 2.60 (2.42-2.79) 4.39 (3.94-4.86) 7.70 (6.65-8.60) 10.7 (9.53-11.9) 2605 

05-06 2.00 (1.82-2.20) 1.86 (1.67-2.06) 3.55 (3.14-4.00) 6.80 (5.77-7.95) 10.3 (8.68-12.7) 2548 

07-08 2.79 (2.63-2.96) 2.53 (2.37-2.70) 4.76 (4.33-5.16) 9.70 (8.52-10.9) 14.8 (12.7-17.0) 2604 

09-10 3.15 (2.77-3.59) 2.94 (2.55-3.38) 5.71 (4.88-6.72) 11.8 (10.5-13.5) 18.8 (16.0-21.9) 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 6.96 (6.29-7.70) 7.08 (5.83-7.87) 11.2 (9.15-14.0) 20.7 (15.5-22.3) 26.4 (20.7-27.0) 393 

03-04 7.25 (6.43-8.18) 7.06 (5.93-7.59) 11.2 (9.38-12.4) 19.1 (14.4-25.6) 26.9 (19.3-29.0) 342 

05-06 5.31 (4.57-6.17) 5.06 (4.57-5.79) 8.78 (7.50-10.0) 13.7 (10.2-21.3) 21.3 (13.2-36.7) 356 

07-08 7.41 (5.87-9.34) 6.81 (5.50-9.05) 11.6 (9.43-14.1) 20.2 (12.7-39.2) 30.4 (16.5-68.9) 389 

09-10 5.92 (5.09-6.88) 5.94 (5.09-6.92) 9.47 (8.38-10.3) 15.5 (10.7-23.7) 22.7 (13.6-47.2) 415 

12-19 years 01-02 2.86 (2.52-3.25) 2.94 (2.50-3.36) 4.59 (4.03-5.23) 6.69 (6.30-7.25) 9.55 (8.03-10.7) 742 

03-04 2.78 (2.54-3.05) 2.75 (2.53-2.99) 4.55 (4.05-5.15) 6.61 (6.15-7.20) 8.24 (7.00-10.2) 729 

05-06 2.20 (1.90-2.55) 2.07 (1.76-2.46) 3.67 (2.99-4.39) 6.84 (5.35-8.67) 9.67 (7.12-11.4) 702 

07-08 2.96 (2.59-3.38) 2.95 (2.51-3.62) 5.04 (4.33-6.00) 8.18 (6.75-10.4) 10.9 (9.38-15.1) 401 

09-10 2.94 (2.40-3.60) 2.67 (2.26-3.28) 4.68 (4.04-5.56) 10.8 (7.30-17.8) 21.4 (15.6-29.9) 420 

20 years and older 01-02 2.24 (2.03-2.47) 2.20 (2.00-2.40) 3.51 (3.11-3.95) 5.39 (4.82-6.18) 7.71 (6.71-9.28) 1647 

03-04 2.43 (2.27-2.61) 2.38 (2.19-2.56) 3.70 (3.33-4.08) 6.09 (5.38-7.06) 8.79 (7.84-9.56) 1534 

05-06 1.76 (1.60-1.94) 1.67 (1.47-1.86) 2.96 (2.60-3.38) 5.55 (4.61-6.46) 8.46 (7.00-10.3) 1490 

07-08 2.48 (2.33-2.64) 2.26 (2.14-2.36) 4.00 (3.68-4.39) 8.03 (7.11-9.09) 12.7 (11.1-14.8) 1814 

09-10 2.97 (2.60-3.39) 2.75 (2.38-3.22) 5.25 (4.45-6.31) 11.3 (9.63-13.2) 18.1 (15.4-21.6) 1914 

Gender 

Males 01-02 2.35 (2.17-2.56) 2.20 (2.02-2.42) 3.76 (3.45-4.20) 7.17 (6.27-8.06) 11.5 (9.28-15.1) 1371 

03-04 2.55 (2.39-2.72) 2.36 (2.22-2.47) 4.14 (3.52-4.86) 7.84 (6.80-8.79) 11.6 (10.2-13.5) 1250 

05-06 1.86 (1.70-2.03) 1.70 (1.53-1.88) 3.33 (2.92-3.70) 6.70 (5.59-8.33) 10.7 (8.72-14.2) 1270 

07-08 2.54 (2.34-2.76) 2.32 (2.10-2.50) 4.17 (3.80-4.81) 8.91 (7.37-11.2) 14.7 (12.9-17.5) 1294 

09-10 3.02 (2.61-3.49) 2.82 (2.43-3.36) 5.51 (4.70-6.36) 10.9 (9.84-12.1) 18.5 (13.7-23.7) 1399 

Females 01-02 2.81 (2.48-3.18) 2.76 (2.46-3.02) 4.39 (3.97-4.92) 7.66 (6.17-8.69) 11.0 (8.62-15.9) 1411 

03-04 2.93 (2.68-3.20) 2.89 (2.58-3.23) 4.53 (4.09-5.00) 7.58 (6.44-8.57) 10.0 (8.60-11.6) 1355 

05-06 2.15 (1.88-2.45) 2.00 (1.72-2.44) 3.77 (3.15-4.47) 6.90 (5.62-8.43) 10.0 (8.14-12.5) 1278 

07-08 3.04 (2.84-3.25) 2.80 (2.50-3.11) 5.08 (4.64-5.52) 10.3 (8.67-11.3) 15.0 (11.8-17.8) 1310 

09-10 3.28 (2.88-3.74) 3.00 (2.58-3.46) 5.87 (4.96-7.05) 13.0 (10.3-14.8) 19.1 (15.4-29.5) 1350 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DOP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

243 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) and of several high molecular weight phthalates 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 2.52 (2.21-2.88) 2.37 (2.07-2.73) 4.29 (3.73-5.00) 7.36 (5.58-10.3) 11.4 (8.36-14.5) 677 

03-04 2.78 (2.56-3.02) 2.63 (2.30-2.96) 4.32 (3.66-4.96) 8.14 (6.72-10.3) 12.8 (9.37-17.1) 652 

05-06 2.02 (1.62-2.51) 1.79 (1.42-2.53) 3.85 (2.74-5.22) 7.00 (5.40-8.82) 10.2 (7.64-16.4) 637 

07-08 2.60 (2.26-2.99) 2.45 (2.05-3.10) 4.31 (3.49-5.22) 8.31 (6.67-9.76) 12.9 (9.50-15.5) 531 

09-10 2.29 (1.92-2.74) 2.08 (1.76-2.60) 4.29 (3.61-5.05) 9.02 (7.16-11.4) 13.7 (10.9-17.8) 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 2.17 (2.02-2.33) 2.07 (1.88-2.28) 3.68 (3.25-4.07) 6.73 (5.46-7.70) 10.0 (8.27-13.1) 703 

03-04 2.34 (2.13-2.58) 2.17 (1.99-2.45) 3.96 (3.33-4.43) 6.93 (6.03-8.80) 13.4 (9.32-15.9) 699 

05-06 1.61 (1.42-1.81) 1.58 (1.38-1.77) 2.76 (2.27-3.37) 5.63 (4.33-7.59) 8.68 (6.86-10.4) 678 

07-08 2.28 (1.96-2.65) 2.11 (1.72-2.35) 3.91 (3.33-4.56) 7.97 (5.58-12.8) 16.4 (8.21-57.0) 597 

09-10 2.45 (2.02-2.97) 2.26 (1.81-2.84) 4.14 (3.35-5.19) 8.02 (6.24-11.3) 14.7 (9.92-19.7) 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 2.69 (2.42-3.00) 2.57 (2.25-2.94) 4.19 (3.87-4.79) 7.63 (6.58-8.45) 11.8 (10.0-14.7) 1216 

03-04 2.83 (2.60-3.09) 2.65 (2.43-2.96) 4.55 (3.90-5.16) 7.79 (6.59-8.79) 10.6 (9.43-11.3) 1088 

05-06 2.08 (1.92-2.24) 1.95 (1.76-2.12) 3.60 (3.26-4.00) 6.47 (5.56-7.93) 10.3 (7.95-13.1) 1038 

07-08 2.96 (2.72-3.23) 2.70 (2.50-2.93) 5.06 (4.35-5.77) 10.3 (8.61-11.5) 15.1 (12.3-19.3) 1077 

09-10 3.57 (3.12-4.07) 3.28 (2.81-3.73) 6.33 (5.25-7.39) 13.2 (11.1-14.9) 21.6 (16.6-26.2) 1206 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DOP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

244 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-n-octyl phthalate (MOP) 

Metabolite of Di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 2.69 (2.02-3.36) 4.87 (3.86-5.71) 2541 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2782 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2605 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2548 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2604 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 3.70 (<LOD-5.88) 5.38 (2.86-8.40) 328 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 393 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 342 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 356 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 389 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 415 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 2.86 (<LOD-4.20) 4.70 (3.36-7.06) 752 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 742 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 729 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 702 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 401 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 420 

20 years and older 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 2.52 (1.85-3.19) 4.87 (3.53-5.88) 1461 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1647 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1534 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1490 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1814 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 2.69 (1.85-3.70) 4.70 (3.36-5.88) 1215 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1371 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1250 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1270 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1399 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 2.52 (2.02-3.53) 5.21 (3.70-6.38) 1326 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1411 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1355 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1278 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1310 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1350 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 1.51, 1.68, 1.68, 1.85, 1.85, and 0.84 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 1.68 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously reported. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DOP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

245 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-n-octyl phthalate (MOP) 

Metabolite of Di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 1.85 (<LOD-2.35) 2.69 (2.35-4.37) 814 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 677 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 652 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 531 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 3.19 (<LOD-5.04) 5.04 (3.70-6.89) 603 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 703 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 699 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 678 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 597 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 2.69 (2.02-3.53) 5.04 (3.86-5.88) 912 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1216 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1088 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1038 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1077 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1206 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, 07-08, and 09-10 are 1.51, 1.68, 1.68, 1.85, 1.85, and 0.84 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 1.68 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously reported. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DOP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

246 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-n-octyl phthalate (MOP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 4.03 (3.48-4.38) 5.93 (4.96-7.21) 2541 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2782 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2605 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2548 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2604 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2749 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 3.73 (<LOD-6.30) 6.30 (3.31-17.2) 328 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 393 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 342 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 356 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 389 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 415 

12-19 years 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 2.50 (<LOD-2.87) 3.16 (2.59-5.59) 752 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 742 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 729 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 702 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 401 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 420 

20 years and older 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 4.37 (3.48-4.89) 5.93 (5.04-7.76) 1461 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1647 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1534 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1490 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1814 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1914 

Gender 

Males 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 3.06 (2.59-3.48) 4.30 (3.26-5.80) 1215 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1371 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1250 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1270 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1294 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1399 

Females 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 5.04 (4.20-5.96) 7.21 (5.59-10.5) 1326 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1411 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1355 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1278 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1310 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1350 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 1.68 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously reported. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DOP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

247 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Mono-n-octyl phthalate (MOP) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.** 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 3.06 (<LOD-4.70) 5.59 (4.37-6.72) 814 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 677 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 652 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 637 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 531 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 566 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 2.28 (<LOD-3.26) 3.73 (2.52-5.49) 603 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 703 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 699 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 678 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 597 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 516 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 * < LOD < LOD 4.38 (3.60-5.17) 6.12 (5.29-8.40) 912 

01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1216 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1088 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1038 

07-08 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1077 

09-10 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1206 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection for the urine levels not corrected for creatinine. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

**To correct for inadequate purity in the analytical standards, all results and LODs have been adjusted by a factor of 1.68 for survey periods 1999-2008 compared with results previously reported. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DOP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

Factsheet: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html

248 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Daidzein 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 75.1 (61.9-91.1) 69.8 (57.8-82.6) 229 (184-298) 538 (471-702) 1320 (1020-1540) 2553 

01-02 51.7 (46.6-57.5) 52.3 (48.9-57.4) 192 (151-226) 577 (447-725) 1250 (863-1640) 2794 

03-04 66.7 (60.4-73.7) 62.0 (54.1-69.7) 195 (171-219) 590 (500-675) 1070 (893-1330) 2594 

05-06 66.5 (59.7-74.1) 58.8 (51.0-67.7) 204 (187-226) 648 (485-745) 1180 (1000-1350) 2528 

07-08 67.1 (60.2-74.8) 57.6 (49.1-66.0) 203 (182-222) 747 (551-994) 1740 (1210-2240) 2424 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 90.5 (75.1-109) 101 (70.3-138) 257 (172-430) 510 (437-840) 1130 (657-1740) 330 

01-02 84.9 (71.6-101) 72.7 (56.3-97.0) 261 (155-385) 605 (437-989) 1060 (645-1500) 396 

03-04 84.9 (71.6-101) 66.8 (55.4-92.8) 229 (151-314) 574 (371-654) 818 (625-1060) 341 

05-06 94.1 (74.3-119) 74.0 (56.0-95.9) 287 (149-471) 1010 (557-1600) 1870 (1040-3830) 351 

07-08 105 (80.2-137) 90.6 (61.4-123) 277 (183-431) 1370 (491-2190) 2190 (1340-3500) 360 

12-19 years 99-00 123 (91.4-166) 124 (85.6-168) 326 (227-454) 833 (445-1490) 1460 (861-2410) 753 

01-02 69.3 (52.6-91.3) 70.2 (52.5-87.5) 255 (185-344) 774 (573-984) 1360 (922-1950) 744 

03-04 89.0 (75.2-105) 78.0 (59.0-104) 248 (197-332) 808 (500-968) 1200 (900-1790) 729 

05-06 94.4 (76.0-117) 77.1 (59.7-103) 286 (200-416) 836 (530-1170) 1390 (929-2220) 693 

07-08 79.7 (64.4-98.6) 76.0 (52.2-107) 256 (189-300) 828 (396-1100) 1220 (874-2070) 375 

20 years and older 99-00 67.6 (55.4-82.4) 60.9 (49.3-74.1) 215 (167-239) 518 (459-573) 1320 (978-1540) 1470 

01-02 46.4 (41.4-52.0) 49.1 (40.8-53.4) 176 (133-216) 520 (396-703) 1210 (771-1900) 1654 

03-04 61.9 (55.2-69.4) 57.9 (48.7-68.5) 180 (150-214) 554 (416-695) 1110 (857-1360) 1524 

05-06 60.5 (53.4-68.7) 54.0 (46.8-63.8) 197 (169-209) 512 (427-664) 1100 (795-1270) 1484 

07-08 62.2 (55.0-70.4) 51.7 (44.3-60.3) 189 (169-211) 686 (514-939) 1640 (1060-2500) 1689 

Gender 

Males 99-00 88.9 (71.4-111) 80.6 (66.6-112) 262 (198-355) 587 (501-989) 1540 (989-2080) 1220 

01-02 49.8 (42.8-57.9) 50.8 (46.0-55.0) 190 (137-240) 498 (386-694) 920 (717-1380) 1375 

03-04 73.8 (63.4-85.9) 65.2 (56.1-76.4) 214 (156-311) 709 (535-900) 1200 (969-1380) 1244 

05-06 73.9 (65.3-83.6) 66.4 (53.8-78.5) 210 (180-241) 694 (471-823) 1180 (979-1400) 1252 

07-08 72.7 (62.2-85.0) 63.4 (49.3-76.5) 210 (174-259) 706 (520-1180) 2010 (1210-3520) 1198 

Females 99-00 64.1 (52.9-77.6) 57.8 (45.0-73.2) 199 (150-244) 476 (389-722) 1220 (566-1700) 1333 

01-02 53.6 (48.1-59.8) 55.7 (49.8-62.7) 199 (149-234) 642 (511-816) 1470 (1170-1980) 1419 

03-04 60.7 (53.6-68.8) 57.4 (49.1-67.6) 175 (159-201) 466 (381-622) 884 (654-1380) 1350 

05-06 60.1 (52.5-68.9) 52.5 (45.0-61.1) 200 (166-231) 587 (420-717) 1140 (811-1440) 1276 

07-08 62.2 (54.4-71.0) 52.2 (44.4-58.7) 191 (169-217) 752 (476-905) 1570 (994-2180) 1226 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 78.9 (59.8-104) 66.2 (48.4-87.1) 254 (170-402) 806 (534-1020) 1360 (968-2780) 816 

01-02 39.2 (28.5-54.0) 39.9 (28.8-59.9) 169 (100-291) 515 (388-669) 896 (613-1480) 679 

03-04 57.4 (50.2-65.7) 45.5 (35.2-53.3) 178 (130-236) 686 (487-934) 1390 (934-1650) 653 

05-06 60.6 (53.3-68.9) 54.1 (44.3-65.2) 193 (155-239) 671 (424-966) 1350 (966-1550) 634 

07-08 60.5 (46.6-78.6) 45.8 (34.4-67.3) 206 (143-313) 815 (510-1010) 1410 (994-2010) 520 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 91.9 (71.9-118) 103 (81.6-133) 286 (243-377) 553 (459-824) 1190 (640-1900) 607 

01-02 66.1 (48.2-90.7) 72.9 (52.8-97.3) 255 (182-393) 757 (448-1400) 1410 (757-2480) 706 

03-04 75.0 (56.1-100) 66.0 (50.7-86.6) 241 (151-340) 622 (408-875) 1190 (660-2300) 699 

05-06 81.3 (71.6-92.4) 76.5 (64.7-97.1) 254 (199-331) 676 (463-874) 1210 (760-1790) 662 

07-08 84.0 (63.3-111) 69.8 (43.4-102) 338 (248-419) 1080 (735-1500) 2180 (1230-2610) 562 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 74.4 (61.5-89.9) 66.9 (56.2-78.2) 216 (157-298) 512 (438-745) 1360 (989-1710) 917 

01-02 48.6 (43.8-54.0) 49.8 (42.8-54.2) 171 (137-204) 504 (389-658) 1140 (774-1620) 1222 

03-04 65.8 (58.6-74.0) 62.0 (52.8-71.9) 191 (165-215) 572 (416-722) 1070 (823-1330) 1079 

05-06 62.0 (54.4-70.7) 54.2 (46.9-64.1) 200 (164-216) 581 (430-717) 1040 (811-1310) 1039 

07-08 63.6 (56.8-71.2) 56.7 (46.2-65.0) 180 (158-212) 603 (455-832) 1430 (915-2170) 993 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.5, 1.6, 0.3, 0.4,and 0.4 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phytoestrogens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

249 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Daidzein (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 68.5 (55.9-83.9) 65.1 (52.8-80.8) 204 (156-249) 560 (471-629) 944 (836-1150) 2553 

01-02 48.5 (43.7-54.0) 48.3 (43.1-56.5) 166 (140-196) 500 (391-608) 957 (801-1180) 2794 

03-04 62.5 (58.3-67.0) 56.1 (50.0-63.5) 164 (144-187) 502 (429-591) 1060 (825-1150) 2594 

05-06 64.8 (58.7-71.6) 52.4 (47.4-59.7) 184 (162-209) 564 (461-679) 1070 (896-1310) 2528 

07-08 67.5 (60.5-75.2) 55.6 (47.4-64.0) 197 (178-217) 672 (538-897) 1400 (1070-2250) 2424 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 92.6 (76.3-112) 93.1 (71.2-114) 251 (157-324) 552 (363-838) 1070 (781-2150) 330 

01-02 96.4 (79.0-118) 85.9 (60.3-127) 275 (159-395) 655 (452-733) 938 (683-1140) 396 

03-04 90.4 (77.2-106) 72.8 (58.1-99.5) 201 (152-240) 454 (329-638) 702 (526-1200) 341 

05-06 104 (83.1-130) 73.8 (59.5-96.7) 305 (175-453) 1040 (686-1830) 2430 (1190-3630) 351 

07-08 128 (101-164) 106 (80.0-141) 307 (197-429) 1420 (543-2630) 2630 (1380-3670) 360 

12-19 years 99-00 83.1 (58.4-118) 85.6 (53.8-126) 207 (138-386) 628 (295-1060) 1000 (628-2380) 753 

01-02 53.4 (40.8-70.0) 50.9 (38.3-77.6) 181 (142-248) 549 (385-718) 1030 (622-1360) 744 

03-04 66.6 (55.7-79.6) 56.4 (43.9-74.6) 179 (151-217) 517 (370-753) 877 (617-1240) 729 

05-06 70.0 (56.9-86.2) 55.1 (42.9-74.3) 203 (149-263) 545 (338-845) 914 (659-1750) 693 

07-08 61.3 (51.5-72.9) 61.9 (39.9-75.0) 191 (144-217) 470 (295-645) 821 (544-1110) 375 

20 years and older 99-00 63.8 (51.5-79.1) 59.3 (48.7-75.0) 194 (151-234) 554 (471-624) 908 (783-1180) 1470 

01-02 43.9 (39.4-48.9) 43.8 (37.4-53.3) 153 (125-186) 428 (348-590) 946 (728-1220) 1654 

03-04 59.2 (54.3-64.5) 51.7 (46.4-62.6) 155 (131-185) 501 (404-658) 1090 (808-1240) 1524 

05-06 60.7 (54.3-67.8) 50.6 (43.1-59.5) 171 (151-199) 483 (434-609) 1030 (847-1200) 1484 

07-08 63.9 (56.0-72.9) 49.2 (42.6-57.7) 187 (164-216) 675 (514-904) 1340 (962-2780) 1689 

Gender 

Males 99-00 69.7 (54.7-88.8) 70.2 (51.3-84.3) 198 (147-276) 623 (494-836) 1050 (884-1290) 1220 

01-02 40.5 (34.8-47.1) 41.7 (34.5-47.9) 139 (107-179) 348 (260-553) 788 (585-947) 1375 

03-04 57.7 (49.4-67.3) 48.9 (41.6-58.2) 160 (126-205) 467 (368-600) 919 (665-1200) 1244 

05-06 59.5 (53.3-66.3) 51.0 (43.2-57.6) 164 (134-203) 467 (403-612) 927 (781-1100) 1252 

07-08 61.3 (52.5-71.7) 48.7 (41.5-63.2) 178 (141-205) 585 (412-845) 1290 (907-2810) 1198 

Females 99-00 67.4 (54.8-82.9) 62.7 (51.1-80.9) 207 (152-250) 509 (356-624) 850 (610-1410) 1333 

01-02 57.6 (50.8-65.2) 59.5 (48.1-73.4) 191 (159-227) 615 (536-722) 1180 (924-1430) 1419 

03-04 67.4 (60.8-74.9) 65.1 (54.6-73.4) 165 (143-191) 564 (409-699) 1090 (757-1370) 1350 

05-06 70.4 (61.3-80.8) 57.1 (45.1-71.7) 194 (169-216) 609 (463-887) 1200 (957-1750) 1276 

07-08 73.8 (64.9-84.0) 63.0 (52.1-77.2) 223 (190-259) 763 (577-1000) 1410 (1070-1990) 1226 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 72.5 (59.1-88.9) 64.2 (47.1-91.1) 243 (176-310) 677 (468-1080) 1380 (753-2690) 816 

01-02 36.9 (27.8-49.0) 37.1 (24.8-57.9) 146 (101-225) 441 (307-596) 722 (565-1160) 679 

03-04 51.8 (45.0-59.6) 47.7 (35.9-58.3) 159 (117-209) 502 (354-686) 1130 (779-1390) 653 

05-06 54.7 (45.6-65.7) 47.2 (35.7-61.1) 174 (136-219) 558 (380-617) 925 (642-1140) 634 

07-08 59.5 (44.1-80.1) 41.1 (27.4-76.1) 200 (150-288) 715 (502-1060) 1410 (1090-1860) 520 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 59.1 (46.5-75.1) 67.6 (52.1-87.1) 172 (134-207) 381 (316-533) 802 (562-1010) 607 

01-02 46.4 (33.7-63.8) 49.8 (35.5-69.7) 169 (104-249) 504 (263-773) 939 (542-1530) 706 

03-04 53.1 (42.5-66.4) 44.7 (28.6-72.1) 147 (121-191) 415 (275-538) 727 (538-1040) 699 

05-06 57.0 (50.3-64.5) 48.5 (40.3-59.7) 157 (124-221) 467 (370-654) 913 (603-1290) 662 

07-08 65.0 (48.7-86.6) 53.0 (36.0-80.6) 240 (171-292) 728 (520-937) 1330 (800-2670) 562 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 72.8 (60.3-88.0) 67.5 (55.3-81.5) 207 (160-249) 560 (442-659) 908 (742-1350) 917 

01-02 48.1 (43.4-53.3) 47.0 (42.0-56.0) 163 (137-191) 463 (375-627) 957 (805-1220) 1222 

03-04 64.9 (59.8-70.3) 58.2 (50.4-66.3) 165 (138-204) 516 (385-667) 1090 (786-1250) 1079 

05-06 65.2 (57.9-73.3) 52.7 (46.5-60.7) 184 (155-211) 564 (443-737) 1070 (894-1390) 1039 

07-08 66.2 (58.4-75.1) 57.7 (46.0-65.5) 187 (160-216) 604 (474-763) 1210 (907-1670) 993 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phytoestrogens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

250 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Enterodiol 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 26.6 (21.9-32.3) 34.0 (29.4-38.7) 78.8 (62.6-95.5) 165 (135-215) 266 (215-335) 2527 

01-02 35.7 (32.5-39.3) 39.4 (36.3-43.4) 89.2 (80.7-96.9) 181 (162-205) 253 (223-308) 2794 

03-04 39.5 (36.1-43.3) 44.9 (40.6-50.3) 106 (97.2-115) 242 (212-264) 367 (311-423) 2594 

05-06 37.7 (33.2-42.9) 42.4 (39.4-47.2) 106 (95.5-120) 244 (226-266) 379 (305-440) 2528 

07-08 36.8 (32.0-42.4) 43.5 (37.8-49.2) 109 (92.1-124) 238 (199-294) 429 (279-723) 2424 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 26.5 (17.1-41.0) 29.4 (21.2-44.2) 78.7 (44.2-109) 215 (91.1-279) 276 (131-458) 327 

01-02 33.6 (29.8-37.8) 35.5 (29.4-43.7) 78.1 (63.8-87.0) 152 (113-171) 203 (167-327) 396 

03-04 42.0 (34.5-51.1) 42.1 (34.4-49.2) 91.4 (74.4-110) 199 (126-289) 312 (217-525) 341 

05-06 33.2 (26.1-42.3) 38.5 (34.7-43.2) 70.4 (55.7-91.7) 129 (99.1-162) 181 (129-366) 351 

07-08 38.5 (30.1-49.3) 42.9 (31.3-55.3) 80.4 (62.7-118) 181 (119-318) 318 (186-439) 360 

12-19 years 99-00 29.8 (23.8-37.2) 34.0 (27.4-42.0) 84.4 (59.1-101) 166 (112-234) 253 (182-337) 744 

01-02 35.3 (30.5-40.9) 37.7 (34.8-43.4) 84.2 (72.1-96.9) 165 (128-206) 238 (169-343) 744 

03-04 45.1 (39.4-51.6) 46.3 (38.7-56.9) 99.5 (84.9-109) 191 (161-269) 325 (275-415) 729 

05-06 39.1 (34.0-45.0) 41.1 (36.8-46.5) 92.0 (80.2-109) 193 (151-238) 265 (231-303) 693 

07-08 37.3 (29.5-47.2) 45.8 (32.2-54.1) 97.9 (73.4-126) 199 (151-253) 293 (212-483) 375 

20 years and older 99-00 26.1 (21.8-31.3) 34.3 (29.8-38.7) 78.3 (63.5-94.8) 160 (132-196) 263 (189-335) 1456 

01-02 36.1 (31.8-41.0) 40.4 (36.0-45.7) 91.2 (79.3-105) 190 (161-220) 256 (224-312) 1654 

03-04 38.4 (34.2-43.0) 44.9 (40.1-51.9) 112 (98.8-125) 255 (215-274) 398 (320-448) 1524 

05-06 38.1 (32.7-44.4) 43.8 (39.0-49.5) 116 (103-130) 266 (242-281) 413 (326-479) 1484 

07-08 36.5 (31.2-42.8) 43.5 (37.6-49.3) 116 (97.5-130) 247 (194-326) 473 (300-757) 1689 

Gender 

Males 99-00 25.3 (19.5-32.7) 33.0 (28.0-38.0) 72.6 (54.7-94.3) 149 (109-219) 258 (169-286) 1206 

01-02 35.2 (31.8-39.1) 40.5 (36.8-44.8) 90.6 (82.3-103) 184 (158-198) 263 (223-338) 1375 

03-04 39.7 (36.2-43.6) 45.1 (40.5-51.1) 102 (92.9-115) 231 (186-266) 361 (268-460) 1244 

05-06 40.4 (32.8-49.8) 46.2 (38.9-52.3) 107 (90.6-127) 264 (227-289) 413 (287-496) 1252 

07-08 33.1 (28.6-38.2) 39.8 (34.7-43.3) 91.8 (78.6-116) 216 (180-242) 378 (238-738) 1198 

Females 99-00 27.9 (23.4-33.3) 36.0 (29.9-40.3) 84.4 (71.8-97.9) 177 (146-219) 280 (219-375) 1321 

01-02 36.2 (32.2-40.7) 38.5 (35.3-43.4) 87.0 (75.6-98.5) 175 (152-212) 248 (220-283) 1419 

03-04 39.3 (33.8-45.5) 44.9 (38.3-53.0) 110 (97.3-124) 250 (203-294) 398 (309-464) 1350 

05-06 35.4 (30.3-41.2) 41.1 (35.6-45.4) 106 (94.2-123) 225 (186-267) 352 (268-477) 1276 

07-08 40.7 (33.0-50.2) 48.4 (39.3-58.1) 123 (101-145) 258 (206-336) 479 (311-757) 1226 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 21.7 (19.5-24.1) 28.0 (24.7-34.7) 70.4 (60.8-78.8) 143 (117-169) 213 (169-256) 791 

01-02 30.5 (25.7-36.3) 34.0 (29.0-39.2) 75.9 (58.8-89.7) 159 (119-202) 244 (192-298) 679 

03-04 33.1 (26.4-41.6) 38.7 (31.2-47.6) 95.2 (78.1-115) 198 (125-307) 307 (186-480) 653 

05-06 38.1 (32.2-45.1) 40.6 (34.6-47.6) 102 (86.8-123) 262 (177-359) 383 (289-511) 634 

07-08 28.2 (24.8-32.0) 29.7 (26.7-33.4) 70.8 (59.9-83.8) 173 (139-208) 305 (207-456) 520 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 25.8 (21.7-30.7) 31.2 (24.4-35.9) 66.0 (50.2-86.7) 157 (122-193) 260 (185-336) 608 

01-02 35.0 (28.9-42.3) 38.7 (33.2-49.2) 83.7 (70.0-103) 169 (132-191) 225 (175-339) 706 

03-04 40.4 (34.9-46.7) 47.1 (40.4-53.7) 100 (81.3-123) 212 (157-254) 293 (232-417) 699 

05-06 34.7 (30.1-40.1) 38.4 (32.6-44.7) 85.1 (70.9-109) 190 (137-242) 269 (245-364) 662 

07-08 34.4 (26.9-44.0) 38.9 (28.9-48.5) 95.7 (78.5-126) 202 (147-252) 327 (232-514) 562 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 29.2 (24.0-35.4) 37.6 (31.3-43.8) 85.8 (68.3-99.4) 171 (138-228) 270 (187-375) 915 

01-02 35.6 (31.8-40.0) 40.4 (36.1-44.7) 89.6 (78.5-101) 175 (153-198) 254 (214-337) 1222 

03-04 39.8 (35.5-44.7) 45.8 (38.9-54.9) 109 (95.8-126) 255 (206-267) 365 (294-424) 1079 

05-06 37.3 (31.2-44.6) 42.6 (37.1-50.1) 108 (94.0-127) 243 (219-267) 371 (285-456) 1039 

07-08 39.1 (31.5-48.5) 46.8 (39.3-55.5) 116 (91.8-140) 257 (188-369) 444 (269-839) 993 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.8, 1.5, 0.3, 0.04,and 0.04 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phytoestrogens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

251 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Enterodiol (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 24.2 (20.3-28.9) 29.9 (25.0-34.7) 70.5 (59.6-82.1) 146 (124-177) 240 (199-320) 2527 

01-02 33.5 (30.7-36.7) 37.6 (33.0-42.1) 79.2 (72.6-87.3) 149 (136-164) 224 (197-250) 2794 

03-04 37.0 (33.6-40.7) 41.7 (37.9-45.4) 95.9 (85.6-106) 194 (171-213) 294 (247-368) 2594 

05-06 36.8 (32.7-41.4) 41.0 (35.9-46.3) 103 (94.3-114) 204 (174-219) 323 (280-424) 2528 

07-08 37.0 (32.3-42.3) 42.1 (36.8-48.1) 103 (87.1-117) 224 (164-328) 395 (292-634) 2424 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 27.0 (18.6-39.3) 33.7 (21.8-43.7) 62.7 (43.0-108) 168 (81.6-290) 290 (150-411) 327 

01-02 38.1 (32.5-44.7) 39.3 (30.8-53.1) 78.3 (66.6-103) 188 (147-244) 304 (242-389) 396 

03-04 44.7 (37.4-53.5) 46.6 (38.5-58.3) 93.3 (73.9-125) 177 (128-205) 215 (181-413) 341 

05-06 36.6 (28.9-46.4) 37.8 (32.3-46.5) 75.6 (60.9-105) 156 (109-219) 223 (165-326) 351 

07-08 47.2 (37.5-59.4) 48.0 (38.0-65.2) 86.3 (67.9-178) 230 (181-297) 335 (230-854) 360 

12-19 years 99-00 20.1 (16.7-24.2) 24.1 (19.6-30.1) 55.1 (42.6-71.7) 99.5 (91.5-116) 158 (121-177) 744 

01-02 27.2 (23.3-31.8) 28.7 (24.9-34.9) 62.7 (54.9-71.0) 104 (84.2-139) 152 (111-225) 744 

03-04 33.8 (30.3-37.7) 34.8 (33.2-38.8) 67.6 (64.1-73.9) 130 (107-164) 221 (138-324) 729 

05-06 29.0 (25.2-33.3) 31.4 (27.8-36.1) 68.8 (57.7-80.7) 131 (113-160) 167 (160-216) 693 

07-08 28.7 (22.3-36.9) 33.8 (25.1-43.3) 73.4 (52.9-99.3) 131 (100-207) 207 (128-280) 375 

20 years and older 99-00 24.7 (20.6-29.5) 30.6 (26.0-34.8) 73.0 (62.5-84.5) 157 (129-184) 242 (199-344) 1456 

01-02 34.2 (30.3-38.5) 39.6 (32.5-45.3) 84.1 (73.8-93.3) 152 (136-169) 224 (193-250) 1654 

03-04 36.7 (32.5-41.4) 42.0 (37.1-47.8) 103 (91.8-111) 205 (173-239) 327 (256-431) 1524 

05-06 38.2 (33.1-44.0) 43.1 (36.4-49.4) 111 (96.0-128) 216 (187-242) 358 (291-475) 1484 

07-08 37.5 (32.2-43.7) 42.5 (36.8-49.9) 109 (90.7-134) 242 (167-372) 447 (328-718) 1689 

Gender 

Males 99-00 19.8 (15.4-25.4) 25.4 (20.0-31.4) 55.1 (46.4-64.2) 122 (94.6-168) 199 (145-282) 1206 

01-02 28.7 (26.0-31.7) 31.4 (27.0-36.8) 71.3 (64.2-78.0) 136 (114-160) 212 (179-259) 1375 

03-04 31.1 (27.5-35.0) 34.8 (32.3-38.5) 78.0 (68.8-92.7) 165 (128-211) 249 (187-361) 1244 

05-06 32.5 (26.7-39.5) 34.2 (29.5-41.1) 90.9 (75.2-102) 192 (147-235) 311 (218-490) 1252 

07-08 27.9 (23.9-32.6) 33.0 (28.5-38.6) 79.3 (72.4-87.1) 164 (122-234) 259 (172-499) 1198 

Females 99-00 29.3 (25.0-34.4) 35.4 (29.5-41.6) 85.2 (74.5-92.3) 165 (141-201) 321 (226-370) 1321 

01-02 38.9 (34.9-43.3) 43.9 (39.3-48.7) 88.3 (74.7-102) 157 (139-174) 235 (180-304) 1419 

03-04 43.6 (38.3-49.7) 49.0 (43.4-57.7) 109 (98.8-123) 215 (178-270) 377 (278-443) 1350 

05-06 41.4 (36.1-47.4) 48.2 (41.8-55.7) 116 (98.0-131) 210 (183-231) 376 (235-470) 1276 

07-08 48.4 (40.6-57.6) 53.2 (44.2-62.9) 128 (105-154) 300 (215-388) 529 (372-759) 1226 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 19.6 (17.3-22.2) 23.5 (19.7-28.7) 60.6 (49.8-77.7) 134 (114-154) 193 (154-227) 791 

01-02 28.7 (24.5-33.7) 31.0 (27.0-37.3) 64.1 (55.0-77.5) 133 (94.4-183) 223 (143-337) 679 

03-04 29.9 (23.8-37.4) 34.0 (26.5-42.8) 74.1 (62.0-101) 176 (118-234) 241 (189-364) 653 

05-06 34.4 (28.3-41.8) 35.3 (30.7-40.0) 84.6 (71.2-110) 200 (145-271) 315 (221-515) 634 

07-08 27.7 (24.5-31.3) 29.5 (23.9-33.8) 75.9 (61.3-88.2) 169 (124-198) 240 (178-387) 520 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 16.6 (13.9-19.7) 18.8 (14.4-22.9) 47.3 (37.7-55.8) 113 (85.9-145) 169 (131-272) 608 

01-02 24.5 (19.7-30.6) 27.0 (22.6-33.3) 57.5 (48.2-73.2) 117 (92.2-143) 157 (118-246) 706 

03-04 28.6 (24.5-33.4) 30.4 (26.1-36.1) 68.3 (53.4-87.5) 126 (96.3-191) 203 (153-227) 699 

05-06 24.3 (20.5-28.9) 25.3 (22.1-30.4) 68.6 (50.3-86.0) 125 (110-147) 190 (139-245) 662 

07-08 26.6 (20.8-34.0) 30.0 (23.6-38.0) 62.9 (51.9-80.8) 139 (102-191) 257 (156-459) 562 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 28.6 (24.3-33.6) 34.4 (28.9-39.3) 75.8 (65.3-87.2) 163 (130-197) 252 (203-363) 915 

01-02 35.3 (31.6-39.4) 40.9 (34.3-46.8) 83.3 (74.7-90.3) 152 (136-173) 225 (189-275) 1222 

03-04 39.3 (34.4-44.8) 45.5 (38.4-53.0) 105 (90.2-116) 202 (168-234) 299 (244-374) 1079 

05-06 39.2 (33.3-46.1) 45.0 (39.4-50.2) 111 (96.2-124) 210 (175-235) 331 (277-439) 1039 

07-08 40.7 (32.7-50.6) 46.4 (38.6-56.7) 109 (86.3-138) 240 (154-384) 424 (257-802) 993 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phytoestrogens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

252 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Enterolactone 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 239 (200-286) 315 (245-381) 726 (595-879) 1970 (1440-2370) 2800 (2500-3140) 2548 

01-02 259 (233-287) 350 (314-389) 807 (739-873) 1590 (1440-1820) 2720 (1870-3430) 2794 

03-04 298 (265-334) 395 (331-464) 900 (819-969) 1790 (1560-2040) 2620 (2360-2880) 2594 

05-06 283 (245-327) 385 (338-460) 935 (824-1060) 1850 (1710-2040) 2880 (2480-3160) 2528 

07-08 242 (211-277) 311 (263-371) 876 (741-1010) 1740 (1480-2050) 2910 (2170-3320) 2424 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 308 (219-432) 356 (243-474) 721 (520-1320) 1730 (973-2840) 2840 (1700-3590) 331 

01-02 288 (245-339) 329 (271-412) 680 (566-794) 1380 (929-1620) 2200 (1420-2550) 396 

03-04 384 (287-513) 414 (299-567) 926 (589-1190) 1660 (1140-2280) 2360 (1700-3440) 341 

05-06 300 (242-373) 399 (280-546) 851 (667-984) 1390 (1000-1770) 1910 (1390-2460) 351 

07-08 255 (203-320) 314 (247-418) 706 (547-882) 1340 (897-1610) 1730 (1150-2600) 360 

12-19 years 99-00 250 (191-327) 317 (242-410) 672 (454-888) 1760 (973-2480) 2920 (1950-4330) 746 

01-02 267 (231-308) 321 (255-399) 729 (617-856) 1480 (1230-1800) 2180 (1560-3440) 744 

03-04 314 (267-369) 400 (333-468) 866 (736-1050) 1690 (1410-2080) 2620 (2000-2890) 729 

05-06 292 (245-348) 393 (350-492) 877 (681-1010) 1620 (1470-1800) 2360 (1780-2960) 693 

07-08 250 (203-309) 281 (217-444) 832 (645-1000) 1450 (1100-2030) 2390 (1450-3320) 375 

20 years and older 99-00 230 (193-274) 310 (242-375) 734 (599-888) 2000 (1490-2390) 2790 (2510-3540) 1471 

01-02 254 (223-289) 357 (314-397) 835 (760-914) 1660 (1460-1890) 2840 (1890-3610) 1654 

03-04 286 (253-324) 394 (311-465) 900 (824-960) 1820 (1560-2060) 2630 (2350-3100) 1524 

05-06 280 (238-330) 379 (332-460) 958 (843-1110) 1970 (1760-2310) 3130 (2540-3570) 1484 

07-08 239 (205-280) 311 (258-374) 923 (746-1090) 1800 (1480-2370) 3000 (2210-4030) 1689 

Gender 

Males 99-00 254 (212-304) 351 (266-418) 778 (579-1050) 2000 (1580-2400) 2730 (2430-3350) 1219 

01-02 262 (233-295) 340 (314-387) 873 (769-957) 1810 (1490-2470) 3050 (1990-4070) 1375 

03-04 314 (280-351) 425 (376-477) 938 (840-1060) 1760 (1540-2050) 2620 (2060-3230) 1244 

05-06 301 (247-368) 421 (341-515) 1000 (854-1150) 2020 (1730-2330) 3130 (2660-3340) 1252 

07-08 245 (215-278) 321 (261-389) 882 (714-1030) 1620 (1420-2050) 2700 (2000-3360) 1198 

Females 99-00 226 (180-284) 287 (236-339) 684 (560-799) 1890 (1200-2460) 2830 (2100-4330) 1329 

01-02 255 (226-288) 357 (298-397) 759 (680-840) 1450 (1190-1700) 2200 (1710-2950) 1419 

03-04 283 (233-343) 371 (278-465) 859 (706-984) 1810 (1440-2170) 2630 (2210-3440) 1350 

05-06 267 (220-324) 359 (318-445) 874 (716-1030) 1770 (1440-2020) 2660 (2040-3270) 1276 

07-08 240 (196-293) 301 (234-394) 875 (747-1030) 1870 (1510-2200) 2920 (2160-3510) 1226 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 212 (169-265) 281 (230-335) 631 (539-732) 1650 (950-2210) 2690 (2380-3350) 813 

01-02 275 (221-342) 347 (312-395) 778 (671-913) 1520 (1090-1920) 2340 (1610-2990) 679 

03-04 275 (239-316) 376 (316-435) 849 (744-958) 1560 (1320-1860) 2240 (1860-3100) 653 

05-06 359 (311-415) 420 (364-515) 914 (750-1080) 1710 (1340-2060) 2660 (1950-3180) 634 

07-08 227 (182-283) 320 (240-385) 747 (634-876) 1520 (1300-1740) 2070 (1650-2840) 520 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 262 (196-349) 363 (293-440) 759 (629-925) 1730 (1000-2420) 2500 (1870-3280) 605 

01-02 278 (226-342) 418 (341-479) 769 (686-853) 1450 (1160-1840) 2000 (1540-2420) 706 

03-04 328 (285-378) 437 (362-526) 942 (768-1110) 1580 (1360-1820) 2280 (1880-2640) 699 

05-06 276 (237-322) 411 (346-483) 924 (827-1050) 1660 (1430-2040) 2620 (2220-3080) 662 

07-08 252 (185-343) 362 (272-452) 902 (700-1120) 1820 (1320-2100) 2350 (1920-3160) 562 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 247 (196-311) 317 (240-403) 752 (616-955) 2040 (1600-2450) 3000 (2460-3880) 917 

01-02 267 (235-303) 357 (307-397) 834 (750-923) 1630 (1420-1890) 2780 (1820-3740) 1222 

03-04 299 (254-352) 396 (299-488) 900 (789-996) 1810 (1510-2140) 2680 (2310-3230) 1079 

05-06 274 (228-329) 373 (318-460) 923 (745-1080) 1800 (1610-2020) 2910 (2360-3220) 1039 

07-08 265 (218-322) 328 (266-409) 926 (733-1130) 1790 (1420-2580) 3030 (2050-4310) 993 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.6, 1.9, 0.3, 0.1,and 0.1 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phytoestrogens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

253 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Enterolactone (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 218 (184-260) 284 (247-336) 733 (613-869) 1580 (1290-1830) 2250 (1860-2830) 2548 

01-02 243 (220-268) 324 (293-360) 756 (668-858) 1430 (1250-1580) 2120 (1720-2450) 2794 

03-04 279 (245-317) 371 (324-430) 810 (697-911) 1590 (1350-1910) 2400 (2000-2890) 2594 

05-06 276 (237-321) 382 (329-448) 856 (775-975) 1640 (1480-1840) 2650 (2240-3380) 2528 

07-08 243 (211-281) 345 (292-402) 826 (733-946) 1650 (1390-2050) 2730 (2080-3510) 2424 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 315 (238-416) 384 (266-435) 704 (495-1110) 1580 (1110-2010) 2100 (1580-3040) 331 

01-02 327 (274-391) 349 (263-478) 738 (603-994) 1420 (1140-1800) 2020 (1420-2940) 396 

03-04 409 (310-540) 470 (354-632) 904 (669-1150) 1480 (1090-2420) 2300 (1480-2690) 341 

05-06 331 (268-408) 459 (325-528) 778 (637-1010) 1480 (1130-1750) 1820 (1430-2510) 351 

07-08 313 (255-384) 402 (309-484) 766 (725-824) 1310 (1020-1590) 1650 (1310-2220) 360 

12-19 years 99-00 169 (133-214) 210 (172-264) 486 (371-615) 1150 (742-1540) 1850 (1310-2350) 746 

01-02 206 (178-239) 255 (223-293) 619 (466-753) 1110 (869-1480) 1500 (1140-2080) 744 

03-04 235 (202-273) 285 (255-307) 631 (533-744) 1230 (993-1350) 1510 (1240-2230) 729 

05-06 216 (184-254) 297 (255-336) 627 (514-701) 1010 (853-1170) 1410 (1150-1700) 693 

07-08 192 (149-248) 273 (197-373) 540 (477-676) 936 (708-1220) 1620 (936-3420) 375 

20 years and older 99-00 217 (181-261) 288 (249-350) 785 (653-923) 1640 (1330-1890) 2310 (1890-3110) 1471 

01-02 240 (213-271) 331 (300-375) 786 (672-915) 1460 (1300-1630) 2180 (1890-2470) 1654 

03-04 274 (236-318) 377 (316-448) 823 (697-937) 1700 (1430-1980) 2480 (2040-3100) 1524 

05-06 281 (236-335) 399 (326-491) 942 (831-1040) 1730 (1570-2200) 2930 (2350-3530) 1484 

07-08 246 (210-287) 350 (291-418) 906 (784-1040) 1810 (1420-2360) 2820 (2320-3570) 1689 

Gender 

Males 99-00 199 (170-234) 263 (228-309) 664 (490-828) 1380 (1200-1710) 2030 (1780-2480) 1219 

01-02 213 (191-238) 287 (255-316) 682 (601-764) 1350 (1090-1580) 1980 (1570-2550) 1375 

03-04 245 (215-280) 330 (288-372) 729 (676-808) 1330 (1160-1580) 2040 (1590-2380) 1244 

05-06 243 (196-300) 336 (279-418) 800 (707-897) 1500 (1270-1680) 2200 (1890-2480) 1252 

07-08 206 (176-241) 303 (251-358) 715 (594-859) 1410 (1080-1850) 2140 (1560-3060) 1198 

Females 99-00 238 (191-297) 303 (260-379) 819 (662-968) 1720 (1390-2010) 2550 (1940-3390) 1329 

01-02 274 (241-312) 356 (313-407) 833 (710-1000) 1490 (1320-1670) 2150 (1890-2410) 1419 

03-04 314 (257-385) 414 (327-510) 866 (704-1090) 1840 (1460-2280) 2840 (2220-3910) 1350 

05-06 313 (261-375) 419 (337-529) 954 (809-1060) 1840 (1550-2320) 3100 (2350-4580) 1276 

07-08 285 (234-346) 396 (327-469) 966 (843-1060) 1910 (1560-2410) 3040 (2730-3740) 1226 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 194 (165-228) 254 (225-282) 605 (519-695) 1340 (969-1740) 2100 (1620-2790) 813 

01-02 259 (213-314) 362 (296-409) 730 (586-905) 1240 (1010-1490) 1630 (1240-2540) 679 

03-04 248 (217-282) 350 (310-403) 724 (657-826) 1320 (1020-1560) 1820 (1460-2170) 653 

05-06 324 (267-393) 379 (315-471) 773 (679-953) 1560 (1290-1680) 2060 (1630-2560) 634 

07-08 223 (185-268) 312 (267-379) 733 (642-871) 1330 (1110-1580) 1860 (1620-2160) 520 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 168 (125-226) 214 (173-274) 546 (411-732) 1130 (874-1450) 1590 (1120-2560) 605 

01-02 195 (155-245) 302 (257-331) 562 (470-629) 985 (821-1130) 1490 (1080-1730) 706 

03-04 233 (197-274) 303 (276-347) 621 (512-707) 1050 (917-1350) 1550 (1170-2220) 699 

05-06 193 (167-223) 286 (252-331) 630 (556-729) 1120 (967-1230) 1490 (1220-1650) 662 

07-08 195 (144-264) 291 (191-408) 659 (564-741) 1220 (993-1360) 1480 (1350-2060) 562 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 241 (194-300) 323 (279-388) 828 (674-997) 1780 (1390-2020) 2490 (1930-3340) 917 

01-02 264 (232-301) 339 (299-393) 833 (719-944) 1530 (1340-1880) 2410 (1940-2800) 1222 

03-04 294 (246-353) 399 (326-488) 836 (707-980) 1660 (1330-2040) 2500 (1990-3350) 1079 

05-06 288 (238-347) 403 (326-500) 926 (809-1050) 1700 (1500-2200) 2930 (2230-3710) 1039 

07-08 276 (225-337) 386 (318-467) 911 (736-1100) 1870 (1370-2730) 2850 (2200-3640) 993 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phytoestrogens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

254 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Equol 

Metabolite of Daidzein 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 8.37 (7.21-9.72) 8.02 (6.27-9.90) 17.2 (15.2-19.8) 35.0 (28.9-41.6) 53.7 (40.1-74.2) 2182 

01-02 9.17 (7.76-10.8) 9.00 (7.40-10.5) 19.6 (16.6-23.5) 42.1 (34.3-51.5) 73.5 (53.6-89.2) 2794 

03-04 8.02 (7.07-9.10) 8.00 (6.80-9.40) 18.2 (15.2-20.8) 36.6 (31.3-40.0) 64.9 (45.4-97.9) 2590 

05-06 8.40 (7.63-9.24) 8.61 (7.89-9.17) 18.1 (16.4-20.4) 37.6 (33.9-41.8) 64.5 (54.8-85.3) 2527 

07-08 7.29 (6.21-8.57) 7.18 (6.18-8.44) 15.3 (12.5-18.5) 30.7 (24.5-43.2) 65.9 (50.7-131) 2424 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 10.5 (7.65-14.3) 11.7 (5.43-18.6) 24.9 (17.5-29.5) 34.4 (29.5-53.3) 56.1 (30.1-149) 272 

01-02 12.2 (10.2-14.6) 13.7 (11.1-16.2) 26.2 (17.9-37.9) 50.4 (35.0-84.3) 85.4 (50.4-159) 396 

03-04 12.4 (9.71-15.8) 12.1 (8.40-17.8) 24.4 (20.1-31.2) 46.7 (33.5-82.3) 85.8 (44.9-118) 341 

05-06 13.3 (11.3-15.7) 13.5 (12.1-16.8) 26.5 (20.8-34.1) 45.6 (39.3-69.6) 70.3 (44.7-144) 351 

07-08 10.9 (8.38-14.3) 11.3 (8.60-13.2) 22.0 (15.8-27.5) 55.9 (24.2-77.8) 73.3 (59.5-115) 360 

12-19 years 99-00 10.9 (8.64-13.8) 10.8 (8.52-13.4) 22.3 (16.0-34.9) 42.9 (34.1-71.3) 71.6 (48.1-210) 657 

01-02 10.2 (8.50-12.1) 10.5 (8.20-12.5) 20.5 (16.8-24.8) 43.1 (30.1-56.1) 70.0 (46.3-99.2) 744 

03-04 10.6 (8.97-12.4) 10.5 (8.70-12.2) 22.6 (19.3-26.4) 39.9 (34.8-45.1) 61.9 (45.1-113) 729 

05-06 11.6 (10.3-13.0) 11.4 (9.25-12.3) 23.2 (20.3-28.8) 46.3 (37.2-64.0) 81.8 (50.1-146) 693 

07-08 8.47 (7.19-9.98) 7.91 (6.79-9.30) 16.0 (12.8-19.0) 32.7 (24.5-43.2) 65.6 (33.6-148) 375 

20 years and older 99-00 7.79 (6.79-8.94) 7.43 (5.71-8.85) 16.0 (13.6-18.1) 33.1 (24.4-39.7) 52.2 (36.3-93.9) 1253 

01-02 8.70 (7.29-10.4) 8.00 (6.20-10.2) 18.6 (15.0-22.3) 41.3 (34.1-47.4) 73.5 (53.9-89.0) 1654 

03-04 7.28 (6.37-8.33) 7.20 (6.00-8.70) 16.0 (14.2-19.2) 33.9 (28.2-38.9) 63.0 (41.3-121) 1520 

05-06 7.58 (6.82-8.42) 7.57 (7.01-8.30) 16.6 (14.9-18.2) 33.6 (29.1-42.6) 58.1 (50.6-89.0) 1483 

07-08 6.82 (5.70-8.17) 6.75 (5.70-7.98) 14.3 (11.6-18.3) 28.9 (23.6-41.9) 65.8 (47.7-135) 1689 

Gender 

Males 99-00 9.15 (7.37-11.4) 8.44 (6.36-11.2) 19.0 (15.9-24.0) 35.6 (29.2-54.8) 71.3 (39.7-166) 1042 

01-02 9.41 (7.99-11.1) 9.20 (7.70-10.8) 20.1 (16.7-26.1) 43.1 (32.4-53.1) 61.7 (51.8-81.5) 1375 

03-04 8.56 (7.54-9.72) 8.70 (7.20-10.2) 19.0 (15.9-21.6) 38.0 (31.9-44.2) 72.6 (45.4-100) 1240 

05-06 9.13 (7.99-10.4) 9.42 (8.16-10.8) 20.0 (16.7-23.8) 39.4 (33.8-45.3) 63.1 (52.0-88.1) 1252 

07-08 7.58 (6.40-8.97) 7.74 (6.62-8.80) 15.5 (12.5-18.2) 32.7 (24.5-41.9) 65.6 (47.7-133) 1198 

Females 99-00 7.70 (6.79-8.75) 7.57 (5.79-9.04) 15.6 (12.7-18.9) 33.6 (26.7-37.7) 48.2 (37.1-62.9) 1140 

01-02 8.94 (7.38-10.8) 8.60 (6.70-10.7) 19.0 (15.6-22.9) 41.6 (33.3-51.5) 79.8 (56.6-122) 1419 

03-04 7.55 (6.44-8.84) 7.30 (6.20-9.00) 16.9 (14.7-19.8) 33.8 (28.3-40.0) 60.3 (42.5-116) 1350 

05-06 7.75 (6.85-8.78) 7.57 (6.87-8.37) 16.7 (15.0-18.0) 35.6 (30.9-43.1) 69.2 (51.7-125) 1275 

07-08 7.03 (5.84-8.47) 6.75 (5.85-7.85) 15.1 (12.3-19.0) 30.0 (24.4-48.3) 76.3 (49.5-163) 1226 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 5.24 (4.77-5.76) 4.51 (3.65-5.18) 9.48 (7.96-10.3) 18.5 (14.5-22.6) 30.9 (21.6-48.4) 726 

01-02 7.22 (6.04-8.62) 6.50 (4.40-9.10) 14.2 (11.3-20.1) 31.4 (21.1-41.0) 42.4 (38.1-60.2) 679 

03-04 6.08 (5.08-7.28) 5.70 (4.70-6.80) 12.5 (9.80-15.4) 26.1 (18.1-39.7) 43.6 (34.3-88.2) 653 

05-06 6.04 (5.31-6.87) 6.13 (5.28-7.35) 13.3 (11.2-14.7) 25.2 (19.6-33.4) 47.6 (33.6-67.1) 634 

07-08 5.52 (5.02-6.07) 5.15 (4.71-5.86) 11.4 (10.1-14.0) 23.2 (20.2-30.3) 39.9 (30.7-60.9) 520 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 6.73 (5.20-8.71) 6.24 (3.86-10.0) 15.1 (12.7-17.6) 27.6 (19.4-35.6) 36.4 (28.9-49.4) 514 

01-02 7.15 (6.06-8.43) 6.10 (4.70-7.60) 14.7 (12.0-18.7) 30.9 (22.8-41.9) 45.7 (36.1-90.5) 706 

03-04 7.35 (6.16-8.79) 7.90 (6.00-9.60) 16.5 (14.2-18.3) 32.0 (25.1-37.5) 47.0 (37.8-68.2) 696 

05-06 6.96 (5.89-8.22) 6.37 (5.44-7.95) 15.1 (11.7-20.2) 30.1 (23.8-39.4) 48.8 (38.7-64.9) 662 

07-08 6.73 (5.28-8.59) 6.69 (5.17-8.19) 15.2 (11.9-18.5) 31.3 (21.7-50.7) 72.0 (36.1-402) 562 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 9.26 (7.80-11.0) 8.98 (6.73-11.9) 19.0 (16.1-22.8) 36.2 (30.1-45.4) 56.1 (42.1-89.4) 758 

01-02 9.91 (7.95-12.4) 10.0 (7.30-12.6) 22.0 (17.4-27.4) 44.4 (35.1-57.5) 74.4 (55.1-107) 1222 

03-04 8.52 (7.26-10.0) 8.80 (7.10-10.3) 19.3 (15.4-23.0) 37.7 (31.7-44.2) 73.1 (46.7-120) 1078 

05-06 9.05 (8.08-10.1) 9.49 (8.47-10.4) 19.4 (16.6-23.2) 39.2 (33.9-45.1) 69.2 (52.2-130) 1038 

07-08 8.01 (6.45-9.93) 8.19 (6.59-9.49) 16.1 (12.5-21.7) 32.7 (24.1-55.9) 79.5 (47.7-152) 993 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 3.0, 3.3, 0.3, 0.06,and 0.06 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phytoestrogens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

255 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Equol (creatinine corrected) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 7.70 (6.82-8.70) 7.96 (6.87-9.35) 16.2 (13.2-18.6) 30.6 (26.9-35.1) 50.3 (41.8-67.3) 2182 

01-02 8.60 (7.26-10.2) 7.98 (6.62-9.76) 17.6 (14.8-21.8) 37.8 (30.3-46.3) 62.6 (50.0-85.0) 2794 

03-04 7.52 (6.83-8.29) 7.29 (6.56-8.18) 14.6 (13.3-15.7) 27.8 (24.7-31.9) 50.6 (39.9-75.0) 2590 

05-06 8.18 (7.33-9.14) 7.92 (7.01-8.76) 15.9 (14.2-17.4) 32.7 (29.9-35.1) 69.1 (48.4-105) 2527 

07-08 7.33 (6.34-8.48) 6.91 (6.13-7.86) 14.4 (12.2-16.7) 28.9 (23.5-37.4) 60.9 (40.5-93.1) 2424 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 10.3 (7.83-13.5) 11.4 (7.46-16.3) 22.6 (14.7-27.2) 32.7 (25.5-46.0) 47.8 (32.7-150) 272 

01-02 13.9 (11.2-17.2) 14.0 (10.6-17.0) 28.8 (19.6-39.8) 54.4 (34.9-99.8) 88.2 (56.8-186) 396 

03-04 13.2 (10.9-15.9) 13.2 (9.19-17.5) 24.2 (20.6-28.0) 41.6 (35.2-64.1) 93.5 (45.4-117) 341 

05-06 14.7 (12.6-17.1) 15.3 (13.8-17.4) 26.2 (21.2-34.4) 48.0 (40.6-70.3) 88.9 (55.4-267) 351 

07-08 13.4 (10.8-16.6) 13.1 (10.6-15.2) 22.6 (16.9-32.8) 45.2 (28.8-84.4) 72.8 (45.8-199) 360 

12-19 years 99-00 7.61 (6.17-9.39) 8.02 (6.72-9.29) 14.0 (11.4-20.4) 27.5 (20.8-38.3) 47.4 (27.5-149) 657 

01-02 7.83 (6.68-9.17) 7.77 (6.29-9.13) 17.4 (14.9-19.2) 31.9 (25.3-41.7) 54.3 (33.0-76.7) 744 

03-04 7.91 (6.59-9.49) 8.11 (6.80-9.09) 14.5 (11.8-17.5) 30.1 (21.0-38.2) 40.6 (32.6-66.9) 729 

05-06 8.61 (7.54-9.83) 8.03 (7.00-9.21) 16.3 (13.4-19.0) 31.8 (25.3-37.6) 62.0 (37.0-129) 693 

07-08 6.51 (5.69-7.46) 5.83 (4.78-6.71) 12.6 (10.5-16.4) 28.7 (20.8-35.3) 50.4 (30.7-72.7) 375 

20 years and older 99-00 7.45 (6.60-8.41) 7.63 (6.35-9.22) 15.3 (12.7-17.7) 30.8 (25.0-37.2) 53.2 (41.2-71.8) 1253 

01-02 8.23 (6.93-9.79) 7.52 (5.97-9.56) 16.6 (14.0-20.7) 36.4 (29.3-42.9) 58.7 (47.9-85.0) 1654 

03-04 6.98 (6.30-7.73) 6.76 (6.05-7.65) 13.6 (12.5-14.8) 24.6 (21.9-29.4) 42.8 (35.7-81.6) 1520 

05-06 7.60 (6.72-8.59) 7.43 (6.63-8.21) 14.1 (12.4-16.4) 30.1 (23.9-34.9) 65.9 (42.7-123) 1483 

07-08 7.00 (5.90-8.31) 6.64 (5.73-7.57) 13.2 (11.2-16.2) 26.4 (21.6-38.4) 57.7 (38.4-97.0) 1689 

Gender 

Males 99-00 7.01 (5.93-8.29) 7.32 (5.63-8.78) 13.8 (11.7-17.6) 29.3 (21.4-41.8) 54.1 (35.8-81.0) 1042 

01-02 7.66 (6.39-9.18) 7.43 (5.81-9.16) 16.2 (14.0-19.4) 32.9 (27.9-40.4) 54.3 (37.8-67.1) 1375 

03-04 6.71 (6.02-7.47) 6.63 (5.78-7.29) 13.3 (11.9-15.5) 25.7 (23.1-30.3) 51.1 (37.1-76.7) 1240 

05-06 7.35 (6.40-8.43) 7.03 (5.90-8.67) 14.9 (12.0-18.3) 31.4 (26.8-34.0) 57.6 (42.7-83.5) 1252 

07-08 6.39 (5.52-7.41) 6.10 (5.28-6.85) 12.2 (10.6-14.3) 25.7 (20.4-33.0) 48.4 (35.3-77.1) 1198 

Females 99-00 8.41 (7.33-9.66) 8.71 (7.33-10.1) 17.7 (15.1-20.0) 31.6 (27.5-37.2) 46.3 (41.0-56.5) 1140 

01-02 9.60 (7.99-11.5) 8.66 (6.97-10.6) 19.2 (15.7-23.7) 41.7 (32.3-55.9) 85.0 (61.7-115) 1419 

03-04 8.38 (7.39-9.51) 8.29 (7.03-9.28) 15.1 (14.0-16.6) 30.6 (25.0-32.5) 45.4 (38.7-102) 1350 

05-06 9.07 (8.04-10.2) 8.49 (7.90-9.22) 16.7 (15.3-18.1) 34.3 (29.9-40.7) 85.1 (48.4-144) 1275 

07-08 8.35 (6.98-9.99) 7.97 (6.83-9.31) 16.0 (13.4-20.0) 32.8 (23.7-46.1) 67.5 (41.6-167) 1226 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 4.89 (4.36-5.47) 4.73 (3.90-5.27) 8.85 (8.18-9.91) 22.3 (16.5-26.8) 37.1 (25.3-57.6) 726 

01-02 6.79 (5.82-7.92) 6.81 (5.55-8.04) 14.9 (11.7-17.8) 29.1 (22.9-36.0) 41.3 (31.4-47.1) 679 

03-04 5.48 (4.60-6.54) 4.72 (3.95-5.78) 10.1 (7.76-13.4) 24.4 (17.2-30.9) 35.6 (27.6-102) 653 

05-06 5.45 (4.84-6.14) 5.00 (4.37-5.85) 9.94 (8.80-12.4) 22.3 (19.3-30.0) 39.4 (30.0-61.9) 634 

07-08 5.42 (4.82-6.09) 4.87 (4.28-5.66) 10.9 (9.21-12.2) 20.9 (17.0-26.9) 34.9 (26.9-60.9) 520 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 4.36 (3.41-5.57) 4.57 (2.94-6.23) 10.2 (7.96-12.0) 17.1 (14.8-19.8) 26.0 (19.6-32.0) 514 

01-02 5.01 (4.26-5.89) 4.48 (3.80-5.42) 11.0 (8.80-13.0) 22.7 (16.5-29.3) 35.4 (24.8-46.7) 706 

03-04 5.23 (4.44-6.16) 5.28 (4.67-6.10) 10.3 (8.61-12.3) 20.2 (17.1-23.8) 29.4 (23.9-42.3) 696 

05-06 4.88 (4.11-5.78) 4.72 (3.55-6.00) 9.40 (7.54-12.0) 21.5 (16.8-24.4) 31.6 (24.4-51.4) 662 

07-08 5.21 (4.11-6.61) 4.73 (3.77-6.22) 9.81 (7.77-12.7) 19.3 (14.7-28.8) 50.6 (24.2-314) 562 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 9.13 (7.85-10.6) 9.51 (7.63-11.2) 18.0 (15.2-21.6) 35.4 (29.5-41.3) 56.5 (46.0-73.0) 758 

01-02 9.81 (7.93-12.1) 9.17 (7.06-12.2) 19.8 (15.4-25.6) 41.3 (30.7-55.9) 66.4 (56.8-85.0) 1222 

03-04 8.40 (7.50-9.41) 8.17 (7.13-9.19) 15.6 (14.1-17.1) 30.6 (25.0-32.8) 56.8 (38.0-107) 1078 

05-06 9.51 (8.48-10.7) 9.17 (8.06-10.5) 17.1 (15.0-19.4) 34.5 (31.0-40.6) 77.7 (48.4-129) 1038 

07-08 8.33 (6.76-10.3) 7.94 (6.62-9.61) 15.7 (12.5-20.4) 30.7 (23.4-46.1) 65.2 (38.9-144) 993 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phytoestrogens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

256 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Genistein 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 24.4 (19.7-30.3) 27.0 (22.5-32.8) 93.6 (75.8-118) 284 (244-331) 563 (413-709) 2557 

01-02 33.0 (30.1-36.2) 29.0 (26.8-31.8) 92.5 (77.9-109) 306 (240-372) 619 (523-719) 2794 

03-04 31.1 (29.0-33.3) 26.2 (23.9-29.7) 87.8 (78.8-102) 286 (239-313) 528 (402-610) 2594 

05-06 28.7 (25.8-32.0) 26.0 (20.9-29.7) 81.0 (73.3-92.4) 261 (232-308) 523 (422-591) 2528 

07-08 31.3 (27.3-35.8) 25.7 (22.8-28.9) 89.7 (73.4-109) 309 (227-411) 665 (527-999) 2424 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 27.6 (21.1-36.1) 31.9 (18.1-42.6) 104 (67.6-151) 220 (151-315) 376 (272-725) 331 

01-02 39.2 (33.4-46.0) 31.7 (25.8-39.6) 94.1 (62.3-158) 258 (190-426) 502 (258-830) 396 

03-04 33.6 (27.8-40.6) 29.3 (23.1-37.8) 79.4 (56.7-111) 193 (146-274) 351 (207-376) 341 

05-06 38.6 (29.8-49.9) 34.6 (25.3-42.5) 109 (76.6-181) 367 (252-568) 629 (367-2390) 351 

07-08 43.7 (32.6-58.5) 34.3 (22.1-56.4) 139 (82.5-194) 505 (251-763) 840 (505-2200) 360 

12-19 years 99-00 43.7 (34.2-55.7) 45.4 (34.3-60.5) 138 (93.7-179) 319 (245-464) 547 (321-777) 754 

01-02 34.1 (27.2-42.8) 29.0 (26.1-32.9) 90.6 (71.5-113) 278 (216-363) 470 (360-687) 744 

03-04 34.7 (29.3-41.0) 29.0 (23.4-37.6) 111 (69.3-141) 304 (206-376) 530 (358-671) 729 

05-06 34.1 (28.8-40.5) 26.9 (20.5-35.6) 90.5 (76.1-115) 307 (209-394) 486 (372-982) 693 

07-08 35.2 (28.5-43.5) 28.4 (23.7-34.5) 111 (63.7-138) 279 (160-483) 538 (320-954) 375 

20 years and older 99-00 21.9 (17.6-27.2) 24.0 (21.7-28.4) 86.2 (67.5-108) 293 (235-343) 566 (412-744) 1472 

01-02 32.1 (28.8-35.8) 28.8 (25.4-33.4) 93.4 (77.3-110) 312 (235-389) 627 (537-790) 1654 

03-04 30.2 (27.8-32.8) 25.9 (22.3-29.8) 87.8 (77.9-103) 296 (239-321) 557 (412-653) 1524 

05-06 27.0 (23.9-30.6) 25.0 (19.8-28.8) 77.4 (66.7-89.5) 244 (190-308) 518 (413-591) 1484 

07-08 29.6 (25.4-34.5) 24.7 (21.3-28.4) 84.1 (68.0-98.0) 278 (207-422) 671 (512-1150) 1689 

Gender 

Males 99-00 29.8 (22.2-40.0) 31.9 (26.3-37.2) 108 (79.1-151) 335 (257-440) 709 (437-981) 1222 

01-02 32.2 (27.9-37.2) 29.5 (25.4-33.7) 91.2 (73.4-103) 239 (190-331) 474 (335-719) 1375 

03-04 33.7 (29.6-38.4) 27.3 (23.4-33.0) 92.6 (68.6-124) 310 (228-351) 562 (443-653) 1244 

05-06 32.1 (28.6-36.0) 29.1 (22.7-33.8) 90.2 (77.5-101) 269 (216-340) 494 (394-591) 1252 

07-08 33.3 (27.7-40.0) 26.2 (22.3-31.2) 98.0 (71.9-119) 316 (220-477) 723 (501-1510) 1198 

Females 99-00 20.3 (17.0-24.2) 23.1 (20.1-26.3) 84.7 (59.6-105) 242 (203-288) 446 (339-619) 1335 

01-02 33.7 (30.9-36.8) 28.7 (26.0-32.3) 97.0 (79.9-118) 387 (253-500) 666 (598-807) 1419 

03-04 28.7 (25.5-32.4) 25.0 (22.4-28.4) 85.0 (71.2-106) 256 (218-308) 467 (356-620) 1350 

05-06 25.9 (22.3-29.9) 22.4 (17.9-27.4) 74.5 (61.0-87.0) 246 (195-329) 526 (398-657) 1276 

07-08 29.5 (25.1-34.6) 24.6 (22.2-28.4) 83.5 (63.7-109) 296 (194-432) 661 (448-964) 1226 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 31.1 (25.1-38.5) 30.0 (25.1-37.3) 117 (82.9-179) 328 (248-494) 573 (419-1180) 819 

01-02 28.3 (22.0-36.4) 25.6 (19.6-32.5) 74.8 (48.8-111) 225 (174-314) 424 (323-523) 679 

03-04 31.1 (27.5-35.2) 25.2 (19.1-32.6) 83.2 (63.6-120) 319 (252-537) 653 (537-851) 653 

05-06 27.6 (24.4-31.2) 26.6 (21.5-30.2) 77.0 (63.3-87.3) 255 (187-319) 412 (320-568) 634 

07-08 30.5 (24.3-38.4) 24.0 (18.9-30.2) 86.8 (68.0-123) 318 (210-414) 603 (414-1130) 520 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 26.7 (19.2-37.0) 32.9 (24.4-41.5) 103 (84.8-137) 257 (213-367) 495 (329-926) 608 

01-02 37.6 (27.4-51.6) 35.3 (23.6-49.5) 95.5 (71.1-142) 378 (192-530) 598 (375-1120) 706 

03-04 32.3 (24.0-43.4) 27.4 (18.8-44.9) 84.8 (60.5-113) 279 (163-412) 514 (323-852) 699 

05-06 31.0 (26.7-36.1) 27.9 (23.0-34.9) 92.3 (69.3-106) 265 (187-355) 458 (371-643) 662 

07-08 36.2 (29.3-44.7) 27.3 (22.6-36.8) 124 (84.3-157) 395 (310-530) 912 (567-1490) 562 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 23.6 (19.1-29.3) 25.6 (21.7-32.0) 91.4 (68.0-122) 288 (227-353) 566 (395-734) 917 

01-02 30.9 (27.8-34.4) 27.6 (24.6-30.8) 89.7 (71.1-105) 278 (226-365) 626 (485-755) 1222 

03-04 30.8 (28.2-33.6) 26.2 (22.6-31.0) 93.6 (78.8-112) 279 (225-313) 504 (376-610) 1079 

05-06 26.9 (23.6-30.6) 23.8 (19.0-29.1) 77.2 (66.2-87.9) 244 (198-316) 518 (391-609) 1039 

07-08 29.3 (25.2-34.0) 25.2 (22.1-28.5) 84.1 (65.8-102) 235 (182-346) 620 (446-840) 993 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.3, 0.8, 0.3, 1.0,and 1.0 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phytoestrogens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

257 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary Genistein (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Daidzein 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 22.3 (17.7-28.1) 23.8 (18.8-28.9) 84.7 (67.2-105) 222 (182-279) 381 (334-497) 2557 

01-02 30.9 (28.5-33.6) 25.9 (23.4-29.2) 83.3 (72.2-96.3) 256 (211-296) 427 (375-490) 2794 

03-04 29.1 (27.3-31.0) 24.5 (21.3-27.4) 77.7 (67.3-90.9) 231 (203-279) 510 (388-619) 2594 

05-06 28.0 (25.3-31.0) 23.2 (20.3-26.4) 72.0 (63.1-85.2) 242 (197-280) 577 (406-734) 2528 

07-08 31.4 (27.3-36.1) 23.7 (21.0-27.7) 85.2 (70.3-99.5) 264 (214-375) 751 (464-1130) 2424 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 28.3 (21.1-37.9) 27.8 (15.8-41.3) 94.3 (60.5-145) 209 (148-317) 490 (279-895) 331 

01-02 44.5 (37.0-53.5) 37.9 (29.7-49.0) 112 (76.5-146) 252 (173-371) 504 (252-713) 396 

03-04 35.8 (29.7-43.0) 35.4 (24.9-43.2) 78.6 (60.9-119) 172 (130-243) 297 (168-618) 341 

05-06 42.5 (33.1-54.6) 34.1 (23.7-41.9) 138 (89.5-195) 414 (256-850) 1040 (429-1590) 351 

07-08 53.5 (41.5-69.0) 44.2 (33.0-63.9) 149 (83.2-224) 451 (236-937) 940 (411-1800) 360 

12-19 years 99-00 29.4 (22.3-38.8) 32.0 (23.8-41.6) 83.2 (64.1-104) 184 (130-295) 336 (184-816) 754 

01-02 26.3 (21.3-32.5) 21.0 (17.8-26.5) 66.2 (47.9-91.5) 200 (149-298) 321 (261-435) 744 

03-04 25.9 (21.8-30.9) 21.8 (17.0-29.1) 65.6 (51.0-83.1) 201 (145-313) 366 (297-455) 729 

05-06 25.3 (22.1-29.0) 19.6 (16.4-24.0) 76.5 (51.4-91.6) 164 (130-249) 368 (213-520) 693 

07-08 27.1 (23.1-31.7) 23.7 (17.8-29.3) 77.7 (56.2-95.3) 159 (125-264) 324 (214-568) 375 

20 years and older 99-00 20.6 (16.3-26.2) 21.6 (17.7-26.2) 83.1 (64.9-107) 234 (190-287) 381 (325-562) 1472 

01-02 30.4 (27.6-33.4) 24.8 (21.9-30.0) 83.1 (68.5-99.0) 269 (208-328) 435 (374-518) 1654 

03-04 28.9 (26.7-31.3) 24.0 (20.1-27.4) 78.5 (66.1-92.9) 253 (209-302) 542 (399-673) 1524 

05-06 27.1 (24.3-30.3) 23.0 (19.7-26.8) 70.3 (61.2-81.3) 233 (184-275) 575 (349-762) 1484 

07-08 30.4 (25.8-35.8) 22.8 (19.9-25.9) 81.2 (63.2-99.5) 263 (205-423) 842 (464-1310) 1689 

Gender 

Males 99-00 23.3 (16.8-32.3) 23.8 (17.5-32.2) 86.2 (64.7-115) 236 (178-330) 523 (323-889) 1222 

01-02 26.2 (23.1-29.8) 22.0 (19.4-26.0) 67.6 (57.4-78.1) 186 (144-237) 350 (278-418) 1375 

03-04 26.4 (22.8-30.5) 21.5 (17.3-26.2) 70.0 (51.1-90.5) 203 (159-235) 415 (346-600) 1244 

05-06 25.8 (23.4-28.4) 22.8 (19.3-26.4) 65.0 (54.6-82.2) 207 (154-261) 431 (305-628) 1252 

07-08 28.1 (23.4-33.7) 20.9 (17.6-24.8) 76.1 (58.9-92.9) 249 (174-369) 634 (370-1130) 1198 

Females 99-00 21.3 (17.5-26.0) 23.2 (17.5-29.3) 83.1 (57.2-106) 211 (154-283) 357 (283-398) 1335 

01-02 36.2 (32.8-39.9) 29.6 (25.2-34.3) 107 (88.4-129) 321 (269-355) 547 (427-729) 1419 

03-04 31.9 (28.7-35.5) 27.1 (23.6-31.6) 87.1 (71.1-102) 278 (209-324) 548 (363-763) 1350 

05-06 30.3 (25.8-35.5) 23.5 (19.8-29.1) 81.3 (67.4-104) 271 (208-406) 658 (444-894) 1276 

07-08 35.0 (30.1-40.8) 27.7 (23.0-34.7) 95.6 (80.3-107) 290 (220-506) 842 (506-1350) 1226 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 28.4 (23.3-34.7) 27.9 (22.5-35.0) 109 (91.5-137) 257 (209-380) 562 (257-981) 819 

01-02 26.6 (21.6-32.9) 21.0 (16.1-28.9) 61.6 (50.6-76.8) 205 (147-270) 372 (271-479) 679 

03-04 28.0 (24.8-31.8) 23.5 (18.5-28.1) 69.2 (52.3-92.8) 254 (187-390) 608 (417-764) 653 

05-06 24.9 (22.1-28.0) 21.7 (17.8-23.8) 72.4 (56.2-90.2) 202 (140-274) 338 (275-648) 634 

07-08 30.0 (23.2-38.8) 22.5 (16.5-30.5) 88.3 (55.4-127) 287 (210-373) 583 (385-921) 520 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 17.1 (12.4-23.7) 19.5 (15.7-26.1) 59.5 (43.1-93.7) 179 (132-245) 299 (222-446) 608 

01-02 26.4 (19.3-36.1) 22.7 (16.4-33.6) 69.4 (42.2-115) 217 (139-317) 384 (217-747) 706 

03-04 22.8 (18.1-28.8) 19.6 (14.3-27.1) 55.0 (39.6-78.1) 182 (107-240) 311 (210-514) 699 

05-06 21.7 (18.8-25.1) 18.6 (14.9-21.6) 55.3 (42.6-78.7) 157 (124-235) 351 (235-543) 662 

07-08 28.0 (22.5-34.9) 20.8 (15.9-25.9) 91.2 (63.7-112) 252 (184-413) 668 (310-1530) 562 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 23.2 (18.5-29.0) 24.9 (19.0-31.7) 86.1 (68.4-105) 232 (178-295) 381 (325-523) 917 

01-02 30.6 (28.2-33.2) 25.4 (22.7-29.5) 82.0 (68.3-96.3) 248 (207-320) 427 (365-518) 1222 

03-04 30.4 (27.9-33.0) 26.2 (21.5-31.4) 79.6 (69.1-99.6) 238 (195-321) 534 (352-688) 1079 

05-06 28.2 (25.1-31.8) 23.5 (19.8-29.0) 71.7 (58.9-89.6) 242 (192-305) 615 (423-802) 1039 

07-08 30.5 (25.8-36.0) 23.7 (20.2-28.3) 80.1 (63.4-96.6) 256 (185-369) 651 (412-1010) 993 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phytoestrogens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

258 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary O-Desmethylangolensin 

Metabolite of Daidzein 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 4.39 (3.37-5.73) 4.98 (3.65-6.77) 22.7 (18.7-30.1) 100 (74.8-141) 222 (182-250) 2271 

01-02 4.08 (3.53-4.73) 3.30 (2.70-4.20) 19.8 (16.7-24.6) 96.0 (70.1-135) 260 (161-437) 2794 

03-04 4.91 (4.34-5.55) 4.60 (4.00-5.20) 23.6 (18.6-27.2) 95.9 (70.7-122) 230 (185-342) 2581 

05-06 4.71 (4.17-5.31) 3.80 (3.10-4.30) 22.5 (19.7-26.6) 101 (86.4-124) 266 (200-385) 2528 

07-08 4.65 (4.02-5.39) 3.40 (2.90-4.20) 23.0 (17.9-29.8) 132 (98.2-181) 328 (236-501) 2424 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 5.60 (3.85-8.15) 7.52 (3.43-15.2) 36.2 (20.3-45.0) 78.7 (43.4-191) 176 (74.8-264) 287 

01-02 6.19 (4.51-8.49) 5.90 (3.80-9.30) 26.9 (15.7-52.1) 122 (61.5-215) 281 (161-466) 396 

03-04 6.33 (4.30-9.30) 6.10 (3.50-10.6) 24.0 (17.0-33.8) 70.8 (51.4-122) 138 (80.9-256) 341 

05-06 7.20 (5.20-9.96) 6.20 (4.00-11.0) 37.8 (24.2-55.2) 145 (83.9-295) 386 (201-516) 351 

07-08 7.50 (5.43-10.4) 5.40 (3.90-9.70) 34.5 (16.5-52.6) 133 (79.9-275) 490 (133-3020) 360 

12-19 years 99-00 6.04 (3.76-9.70) 7.60 (5.13-13.5) 36.6 (22.0-57.3) 107 (63.4-165) 194 (107-238) 667 

01-02 5.92 (4.46-7.87) 5.20 (3.70-7.60) 33.6 (18.0-56.8) 125 (91.2-172) 299 (172-435) 744 

03-04 6.37 (4.95-8.18) 5.30 (3.80-8.10) 33.9 (18.2-50.5) 110 (82.2-198) 257 (175-415) 729 

05-06 8.50 (6.48-11.2) 8.10 (5.50-11.6) 41.3 (33.6-49.6) 105 (80.2-213) 385 (139-829) 693 

07-08 4.74 (3.00-7.48) 3.80 (2.20-7.20) 20.6 (11.2-34.6) 105 (29.5-357) 328 (78.1-638) 375 

20 years and older 99-00 4.05 (3.12-5.26) 4.46 (3.31-5.64) 19.8 (16.0-26.5) 101 (80.8-150) 228 (179-259) 1317 

01-02 3.65 (3.08-4.32) 2.80 (2.30-3.70) 17.0 (13.9-22.4) 81.5 (63.0-128) 260 (135-526) 1654 

03-04 4.56 (4.02-5.17) 4.40 (3.60-4.90) 22.0 (17.8-25.6) 94.0 (67.6-131) 230 (187-398) 1511 

05-06 4.09 (3.51-4.77) 3.20 (2.60-4.00) 17.9 (14.9-22.3) 91.2 (72.3-124) 248 (182-302) 1484 

07-08 4.41 (3.72-5.22) 3.20 (2.40-4.20) 23.0 (17.5-30.7) 133 (93.3-187) 320 (206-589) 1689 

Gender 

Males 99-00 4.97 (3.71-6.66) 5.62 (4.12-8.73) 29.1 (19.8-42.9) 121 (74.1-190) 235 (177-332) 1087 

01-02 3.81 (3.08-4.71) 3.30 (2.60-4.50) 17.4 (13.2-24.6) 82.8 (58.4-116) 194 (123-324) 1375 

03-04 4.90 (3.93-6.12) 4.60 (3.40-5.50) 23.0 (16.6-30.1) 92.9 (70.7-129) 222 (159-332) 1240 

05-06 4.93 (4.13-5.89) 4.00 (3.40-5.50) 22.3 (16.7-28.1) 90.8 (63.5-137) 235 (171-311) 1252 

07-08 4.49 (3.67-5.49) 3.10 (2.50-4.10) 22.1 (14.5-33.7) 117 (81.4-194) 293 (195-589) 1198 

Females 99-00 3.92 (2.97-5.16) 4.22 (3.18-5.51) 19.4 (14.1-26.1) 83.8 (61.1-114) 192 (123-250) 1184 

01-02 4.36 (3.64-5.23) 3.40 (2.50-4.60) 21.3 (16.8-29.2) 107 (70.6-199) 394 (230-746) 1419 

03-04 4.91 (4.26-5.66) 4.60 (3.90-5.50) 23.9 (18.1-27.4) 99.3 (63.5-155) 283 (160-433) 1341 

05-06 4.50 (3.90-5.20) 3.30 (2.70-4.30) 22.8 (17.9-28.3) 121 (83.2-168) 284 (182-499) 1276 

07-08 4.82 (4.03-5.75) 3.90 (2.90-5.30) 24.6 (18.1-33.9) 137 (99.3-195) 362 (236-468) 1226 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 2.41 (1.55-3.73) 2.14 (1.31-3.37) 21.0 (10.6-30.5) 97.6 (59.7-140) 191 (122-320) 721 

01-02 2.44 (1.51-3.94) 1.40 (.500-3.40) 13.1 (5.80-27.6) 66.4 (33.5-102) 152 (75.8-265) 679 

03-04 2.54 (1.86-3.48) 1.90 (1.00-3.40) 14.4 (9.00-18.1) 62.3 (40.3-99.5) 146 (99.5-254) 652 

05-06 3.04 (2.29-4.05) 2.10 (1.40-2.90) 14.5 (8.20-24.7) 62.8 (39.1-104) 158 (87.0-246) 634 

07-08 3.16 (2.40-4.15) 2.50 (1.50-3.30) 14.7 (10.5-20.7) 84.9 (52.1-152) 211 (159-340) 520 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 5.74 (4.55-7.24) 8.71 (5.82-10.9) 33.5 (22.1-52.4) 108 (78.3-156) 192 (149-255) 538 

01-02 5.35 (4.00-7.14) 5.30 (2.90-7.30) 32.7 (22.0-52.4) 128 (75.9-216) 308 (150-436) 706 

03-04 5.49 (4.05-7.46) 4.20 (3.30-6.10) 26.1 (13.4-49.0) 117 (86.2-166) 221 (177-354) 698 

05-06 5.83 (4.49-7.58) 4.90 (3.90-6.30) 32.6 (21.2-46.7) 110 (72.4-189) 297 (162-398) 662 

07-08 6.63 (4.50-9.75) 5.80 (3.90-9.10) 40.8 (23.6-63.3) 183 (119-230) 347 (199-822) 562 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 4.50 (3.26-6.22) 4.99 (3.43-7.10) 22.5 (17.1-34.4) 103 (72.0-152) 228 (177-259) 826 

01-02 4.13 (3.43-4.96) 3.40 (2.60-4.40) 17.9 (15.5-23.8) 98.7 (67.4-153) 260 (153-526) 1222 

03-04 5.27 (4.63-5.99) 5.30 (4.40-6.00) 24.2 (18.8-28.5) 99.5 (67.6-149) 246 (183-409) 1070 

05-06 4.72 (4.09-5.45) 3.80 (3.20-4.70) 21.9 (17.5-27.6) 97.7 (72.3-142) 246 (181-363) 1039 

07-08 4.67 (3.88-5.62) 3.50 (2.80-4.60) 21.3 (16.9-27.8) 113 (79.9-193) 357 (193-628) 993 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 99-00, 01-02, 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 0.2, 0.4, 0.2, 0.2,and 0.2 respectively. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phytoestrogens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

259 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary O-Desmethylangolensin (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Daidzein 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in μg/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 99-00 4.03 (2.97-5.45) 4.44 (3.10-6.35) 21.8 (15.3-31.6) 90.4 (62.9-122) 167 (140-218) 2271 

01-02 3.83 (3.32-4.43) 3.24 (2.55-4.12) 18.9 (16.1-23.2) 85.2 (65.1-117) 281 (149-412) 2794 

03-04 4.58 (4.20-5.01) 4.09 (3.53-4.59) 19.6 (17.4-22.6) 92.9 (76.5-120) 201 (183-261) 2581 

05-06 4.59 (4.04-5.21) 3.70 (3.12-4.42) 20.7 (18.4-22.8) 95.6 (78.0-129) 215 (180-325) 2528 

07-08 4.68 (4.04-5.41) 3.51 (3.06-4.02) 22.5 (16.7-30.5) 125 (94.8-164) 350 (199-523) 2424 

Age group 

6-11 years 99-00 6.00 (4.04-8.91) 7.15 (3.94-16.6) 28.8 (14.3-45.0) 83.3 (45.0-167) 179 (88.2-262) 287 

01-02 7.03 (5.05-9.77) 6.49 (4.24-11.6) 29.9 (16.3-54.1) 101 (75.3-199) 305 (134-464) 396 

03-04 6.73 (4.55-9.97) 5.97 (4.09-8.28) 27.7 (15.6-42.3) 86.1 (45.2-135) 149 (84.3-189) 341 

05-06 7.93 (5.73-11.0) 7.15 (3.90-11.3) 40.9 (27.5-55.9) 164 (85.8-280) 346 (215-497) 351 

07-08 9.20 (6.70-12.6) 6.81 (5.05-10.7) 31.1 (20.1-58.9) 164 (100-296) 465 (175-2310) 360 

12-19 years 99-00 4.13 (2.33-7.35) 5.71 (2.82-11.5) 26.0 (14.7-44.4) 71.4 (40.8-122) 122 (75.2-262) 667 

01-02 4.57 (3.44-6.07) 3.88 (2.82-5.32) 26.0 (18.0-35.9) 95.0 (61.4-129) 259 (129-331) 744 

03-04 4.76 (3.71-6.11) 4.26 (3.13-5.97) 22.8 (14.3-39.2) 86.4 (49.0-149) 185 (101-261) 729 

05-06 6.30 (4.89-8.13) 5.69 (3.44-8.40) 28.0 (22.5-37.1) 89.0 (58.5-138) 258 (103-686) 693 

07-08 3.64 (2.28-5.83) 2.99 (1.91-5.69) 18.3 (7.73-24.0) 75.3 (21.4-200) 199 (69.4-664) 375 

20 years and older 99-00 3.82 (2.84-5.13) 3.90 (2.69-5.73) 20.2 (12.9-29.2) 96.5 (61.8-133) 172 (140-252) 1317 

01-02 3.46 (2.95-4.04) 2.74 (2.03-3.64) 16.8 (13.7-20.3) 78.9 (58.2-124) 281 (143-467) 1654 

03-04 4.35 (3.96-4.78) 3.75 (3.23-4.35) 18.6 (15.7-22.6) 95.2 (76.5-131) 228 (192-284) 1511 

05-06 4.10 (3.51-4.79) 3.35 (2.57-4.30) 17.4 (14.0-20.6) 89.3 (64.5-140) 197 (160-332) 1484 

07-08 4.52 (3.82-5.36) 3.13 (2.55-3.92) 22.7 (16.1-32.4) 130 (89.1-183) 353 (189-641) 1689 

Gender 

Males 99-00 3.95 (2.79-5.58) 4.50 (2.88-6.50) 24.5 (13.8-40.5) 96.5 (62.4-122) 210 (125-265) 1087 

01-02 3.10 (2.48-3.86) 2.87 (2.00-3.96) 15.0 (10.4-19.7) 60.7 (41.5-90.2) 154 (96.4-301) 1375 

03-04 3.83 (3.10-4.73) 3.33 (2.41-4.35) 15.6 (13.9-18.9) 76.2 (51.1-99.5) 193 (124-255) 1240 

05-06 3.97 (3.33-4.72) 3.49 (2.73-4.33) 17.7 (14.1-21.4) 68.3 (55.8-85.8) 165 (140-216) 1252 

07-08 3.79 (3.10-4.63) 2.79 (2.33-3.49) 18.2 (12.4-25.7) 86.7 (59.2-153) 264 (139-432) 1198 

Females 99-00 4.10 (3.00-5.61) 4.17 (2.91-6.35) 20.4 (14.4-27.2) 86.0 (49.1-145) 155 (100-205) 1184 

01-02 4.68 (3.87-5.68) 3.74 (2.77-4.88) 26.8 (18.7-34.0) 111 (70.3-205) 399 (175-739) 1419 

03-04 5.45 (4.71-6.30) 4.82 (4.09-5.92) 24.3 (19.6-28.9) 106 (78.5-163) 255 (193-343) 1341 

05-06 5.27 (4.56-6.09) 4.00 (3.07-5.49) 24.1 (19.8-31.1) 140 (96.8-166) 325 (197-613) 1276 

07-08 5.72 (4.75-6.88) 4.23 (3.33-5.71) 29.0 (20.4-43.2) 164 (105-213) 394 (212-743) 1226 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 99-00 2.19 (1.49-3.24) 1.88 (1.15-3.10) 16.6 (11.3-25.8) 71.2 (52.3-113) 136 (90.5-251) 721 

01-02 2.30 (1.48-3.57) 1.45 (.769-3.37) 11.8 (4.91-23.6) 46.7 (31.4-87.8) 108 (54.7-218) 679 

03-04 2.30 (1.68-3.15) 1.65 (.845-3.06) 13.2 (6.63-21.2) 51.6 (36.9-75.4) 125 (84.1-165) 652 

05-06 2.75 (1.92-3.93) 1.69 (1.04-2.99) 12.8 (7.27-24.9) 53.0 (33.3-93.2) 135 (72.6-204) 634 

07-08 3.10 (2.26-4.27) 2.22 (1.42-3.32) 16.0 (8.84-23.8) 82.0 (45.8-145) 215 (98.9-467) 520 

Non-Hispanic blacks 99-00 3.65 (2.90-4.60) 5.22 (3.59-6.75) 23.8 (17.6-32.1) 67.1 (52.1-79.7) 116 (81.9-239) 538 

01-02 3.75 (2.76-5.10) 3.57 (2.14-5.48) 22.8 (14.5-30.4) 78.5 (46.5-175) 218 (98.5-339) 706 

03-04 3.89 (3.03-4.99) 3.12 (1.96-4.96) 16.9 (11.3-26.7) 80.0 (58.6-104) 159 (120-255) 698 

05-06 4.09 (3.13-5.34) 4.22 (2.49-5.71) 20.1 (13.5-24.5) 69.9 (44.8-151) 225 (90.2-369) 662 

07-08 5.13 (3.47-7.57) 4.22 (2.84-7.71) 27.0 (15.6-44.5) 133 (81.9-182) 308 (164-485) 562 

Non-Hispanic whites 99-00 4.42 (3.12-6.27) 4.68 (3.05-7.23) 22.3 (15.3-37.9) 102 (57.6-148) 177 (140-215) 826 

01-02 4.08 (3.41-4.89) 3.51 (2.45-4.57) 21.2 (16.3-27.4) 96.4 (69.8-126) 300 (153-464) 1222 

03-04 5.18 (4.70-5.70) 4.58 (3.89-5.39) 21.6 (17.4-27.7) 103 (77.7-149) 225 (185-271) 1070 

05-06 4.96 (4.33-5.69) 3.97 (3.26-4.67) 21.5 (17.3-26.2) 101 (74.5-142) 227 (183-332) 1039 

07-08 4.86 (4.00-5.91) 3.85 (3.06-4.57) 22.2 (15.1-32.4) 124 (84.2-180) 355 (175-728) 993 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phytoestrogens_BiomonitoringSummary.html

260 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2-Hydroxyfluorene 

Metabolite of Fluorene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 304 (262-354) 280 (242-319) 679 (561-815) 1850 (1430-2190) 2670 (2230-3130) 2521 

05-06 316 (297-338) 272 (243-296) 661 (605-743) 2060 (1600-2420) 3150 (2670-3730) 2431 

07-08 303 (271-338) 259 (231-293) 618 (489-817) 1630 (1340-2020) 2510 (2100-2890) 2581 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 209 (183-239) 228 (189-259) 341 (295-411) 576 (423-728) 763 (613-827) 338 

05-06 201 (184-221) 195 (170-223) 352 (306-402) 497 (436-618) 709 (536-833) 343 

07-08 233 (205-264) 239 (194-280) 400 (326-454) 620 (484-714) 851 (695-1000) 382 

12-19 years 03-04 281 (245-321) 292 (259-323) 502 (445-601) 1000 (753-1320) 1480 (1320-1930) 707 

05-06 283 (258-311) 272 (247-300) 482 (425-540) 1080 (843-1250) 1750 (1100-2820) 670 

07-08 287 (243-339) 255 (217-293) 541 (434-631) 963 (774-1350) 1510 (1050-2120) 395 

20 years and older 03-04 323 (272-383) 290 (247-334) 832 (653-1020) 2090 (1680-2460) 2920 (2410-3650) 1476 

05-06 340 (311-371) 284 (252-317) 813 (705-917) 2410 (1880-2820) 3460 (2820-4160) 1418 

07-08 314 (276-357) 267 (231-306) 699 (518-1020) 1790 (1470-2220) 2700 (2190-3270) 1804 

Gender 

Males 03-04 385 (333-446) 338 (300-415) 900 (739-1150) 2120 (1770-2450) 2930 (2490-3390) 1213 

05-06 376 (345-410) 332 (302-364) 823 (658-1030) 2160 (1660-2570) 3120 (2570-3560) 1213 

07-08 366 (334-402) 306 (280-348) 756 (613-983) 1740 (1430-2130) 2650 (2130-3270) 1280 

Females 03-04 243 (204-290) 226 (184-269) 490 (405-617) 1400 (907-1930) 2310 (1740-3070) 1308 

05-06 268 (234-307) 227 (199-270) 528 (445-638) 1910 (1020-2830) 3180 (2180-4590) 1218 

07-08 252 (219-289) 216 (192-236) 505 (387-629) 1470 (1050-1960) 2330 (1770-2840) 1301 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 248 (215-286) 235 (203-293) 502 (412-580) 1100 (771-1330) 1640 (1250-2240) 629 

05-06 233 (200-271) 216 (180-247) 413 (334-488) 901 (704-1080) 1360 (1060-1950) 615 

07-08 248 (226-273) 240 (215-261) 418 (355-496) 801 (643-979) 1300 (933-1680) 523 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 432 (361-516) 381 (317-462) 856 (702-1270) 2200 (1830-2610) 2960 (2350-4460) 684 

05-06 404 (346-471) 330 (307-377) 805 (626-1090) 2190 (1610-2930) 3160 (2530-4330) 657 

07-08 387 (333-450) 325 (281-403) 879 (724-1040) 1940 (1500-2550) 3170 (2290-5120) 590 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 308 (255-372) 280 (233-332) 728 (554-898) 1940 (1540-2390) 2920 (2400-3500) 1045 

05-06 319 (290-350) 270 (237-315) 705 (626-829) 2180 (1700-2540) 3390 (2670-4250) 972 

07-08 307 (261-362) 257 (221-308) 629 (452-995) 1720 (1260-2190) 2580 (2070-3020) 1070 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 5.0, 5.0, and 5.0 respectively. 

261 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2-Hydroxyfluorene (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Fluorene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 286 (256-320) 221 (200-249) 495 (429-629) 1510 (1150-1800) 2070 (1850-2390) 2521 

05-06 308 (288-330) 227 (209-245) 567 (509-658) 1730 (1540-1850) 2450 (2020-2930) 2431 

07-08 304 (272-339) 234 (211-260) 526 (403-711) 1500 (1140-1780) 2150 (1850-2500) 2581 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 221 (199-246) 217 (188-238) 305 (270-356) 462 (370-535) 695 (465-807) 338 

05-06 224 (207-243) 219 (197-254) 320 (288-365) 451 (384-523) 527 (450-720) 343 

07-08 287 (255-324) 262 (240-292) 407 (355-503) 721 (555-849) 864 (757-956) 382 

12-19 years 03-04 213 (189-240) 189 (172-211) 310 (275-377) 649 (512-778) 937 (762-1320) 707 

05-06 214 (201-227) 189 (178-197) 286 (266-320) 607 (516-769) 1190 (803-1430) 670 

07-08 223 (200-249) 204 (176-236) 351 (270-419) 592 (504-683) 900 (683-1080) 395 

20 years and older 03-04 310 (274-350) 233 (203-269) 659 (494-835) 1730 (1420-1940) 2310 (1930-2590) 1476 

05-06 339 (313-367) 241 (216-262) 754 (629-891) 1870 (1750-2110) 2830 (2250-3200) 1418 

07-08 321 (282-365) 234 (210-269) 633 (438-873) 1650 (1360-2060) 2390 (2090-2690) 1804 

Gender 

Males 03-04 302 (271-337) 242 (218-272) 635 (494-758) 1510 (1200-1700) 1940 (1700-2310) 1213 

05-06 302 (278-328) 233 (212-259) 610 (510-744) 1480 (1240-1680) 1920 (1680-2390) 1213 

07-08 308 (283-336) 239 (218-261) 615 (464-764) 1480 (1200-1640) 2120 (1780-2390) 1280 

Females 03-04 271 (235-314) 208 (183-244) 415 (352-521) 1530 (991-1890) 2220 (1730-2590) 1308 

05-06 314 (284-347) 217 (198-247) 526 (437-622) 1900 (1680-2240) 2930 (2310-3280) 1218 

07-08 300 (257-350) 225 (201-265) 461 (347-683) 1510 (929-2100) 2250 (1630-2770) 1301 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 224 (197-255) 198 (178-227) 370 (306-432) 745 (562-1030) 1200 (745-1730) 629 

05-06 210 (190-232) 179 (155-205) 294 (250-368) 624 (439-834) 1000 (720-1190) 615 

07-08 244 (216-275) 214 (187-238) 364 (301-438) 718 (582-824) 958 (775-1480) 523 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 308 (259-365) 249 (210-305) 609 (430-803) 1430 (939-1870) 1880 (1430-2500) 684 

05-06 284 (250-322) 222 (202-245) 502 (350-714) 1230 (941-1760) 1880 (1510-2440) 657 

07-08 299 (254-351) 237 (198-287) 602 (468-768) 1370 (1050-1910) 2220 (1570-2990) 590 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 304 (266-349) 226 (199-261) 581 (449-796) 1630 (1410-1940) 2310 (1940-2540) 1045 

05-06 335 (307-366) 242 (216-270) 687 (561-806) 1840 (1650-2060) 2800 (2070-3260) 972 

07-08 319 (274-372) 238 (205-290) 579 (393-841) 1620 (1180-2090) 2340 (1940-2640) 1070 

262 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 3-Hydroxyfluorene 

Metabolite of Fluorene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 134 (115-155) 111 (96.0-126) 253 (207-349) 959 (666-1300) 1620 (1390-1900) 2745 

03-04 126 (108-148) 103 (90.4-118) 302 (231-404) 1090 (934-1270) 1740 (1400-2070) 2502 

05-06 124 (115-134) 99.1 (88.5-110) 304 (268-365) 1060 (830-1210) 1780 (1500-1910) 2398 

07-08 116 (103-132) 92.9 (85.7-100) 258 (203-341) 821 (681-1050) 1380 (1170-1630) 2581 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 106 (94.8-119) 106 (91.0-124) 174 (145-200) 287 (235-358) 385 (306-455) 387 

03-04 89.2 (77.3-103) 92.3 (79.7-103) 151 (113-172) 238 (184-331) 343 (241-423) 336 

05-06 81.7 (73.6-90.7) 80.6 (68.3-98.9) 140 (122-174) 235 (189-272) 287 (242-345) 336 

07-08 98.0 (85.8-112) 94.2 (84.3-106) 178 (149-198) 302 (239-332) 458 (247-752) 382 

12-19 years 01-02 129 (103-161) 113 (97.0-137) 222 (177-266) 542 (325-1070) 1210 (680-2130) 733 

03-04 116 (100-134) 114 (94.7-133) 214 (181-269) 476 (317-748) 924 (609-1410) 701 

05-06 119 (107-133) 112 (94.4-126) 212 (181-229) 588 (436-659) 986 (609-1800) 661 

07-08 114 (95.5-136) 93.7 (77.4-114) 218 (168-258) 494 (341-740) 830 (725-1020) 400 

20 years and older 01-02 138 (119-161) 111 (94.0-129) 311 (228-429) 1130 (823-1400) 1850 (1470-2080) 1625 

03-04 134 (112-160) 105 (86.5-125) 408 (300-537) 1240 (1050-1480) 1910 (1620-2290) 1465 

05-06 131 (118-145) 101 (86.2-117) 394 (308-448) 1220 (968-1510) 1900 (1620-2050) 1401 

07-08 119 (103-138) 91.4 (83.5-100) 302 (205-449) 992 (745-1200) 1550 (1230-1820) 1799 

Gender 

Males 01-02 163 (137-194) 134 (115-155) 352 (242-481) 1110 (721-1500) 1850 (1390-2190) 1346 

03-04 165 (140-194) 133 (108-162) 458 (313-681) 1270 (1030-1530) 1920 (1580-2120) 1205 

05-06 155 (138-174) 127 (118-136) 420 (304-510) 1130 (887-1330) 1810 (1440-2050) 1196 

07-08 146 (131-162) 115 (103-132) 330 (262-450) 944 (748-1190) 1530 (1160-1940) 1284 

Females 01-02 111 (95.0-130) 94.0 (83.0-108) 204 (169-250) 796 (498-1040) 1390 (1250-1670) 1399 

03-04 98.2 (81.2-119) 80.5 (66.7-101) 195 (163-272) 842 (530-1200) 1590 (1180-1800) 1297 

05-06 99.9 (87.0-115) 78.2 (68.3-88.3) 225 (176-278) 961 (558-1390) 1720 (1300-2020) 1202 

07-08 93.9 (81.2-109) 77.2 (70.4-83.8) 192 (134-276) 688 (457-1090) 1280 (1030-1590) 1297 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 108 (87.1-134) 99.0 (81.0-119) 190 (144-255) 476 (302-641) 718 (476-1140) 662 

03-04 93.4 (79.6-110) 83.4 (67.0-96.9) 190 (150-252) 520 (388-726) 1030 (688-1320) 622 

05-06 82.5 (71.0-95.8) 71.8 (60.2-83.9) 143 (116-173) 435 (265-716) 763 (565-1020) 596 

07-08 90.4 (79.6-103) 81.2 (74.5-92.4) 160 (136-192) 363 (259-513) 674 (454-1180) 529 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 203 (169-244) 162 (135-188) 449 (308-830) 1420 (1130-1780) 2350 (1520-3000) 692 

03-04 195 (157-242) 160 (124-187) 482 (303-827) 1460 (1070-1800) 2110 (1580-2830) 683 

05-06 170 (143-202) 134 (121-149) 345 (246-558) 1300 (929-1760) 1880 (1550-2370) 652 

07-08 164 (142-190) 133 (112-157) 393 (303-494) 1290 (963-1420) 1770 (1330-2660) 587 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 130 (108-157) 108 (93.0-127) 246 (202-352) 948 (621-1320) 1620 (1320-1990) 1207 

03-04 129 (106-155) 105 (87.6-124) 313 (237-464) 1200 (1010-1410) 1870 (1430-2220) 1035 

05-06 123 (111-137) 96.8 (85.4-112) 343 (275-420) 1060 (760-1260) 1870 (1390-2050) 966 

07-08 118 (98.0-141) 91.6 (81.6-103) 274 (195-403) 857 (646-1190) 1370 (1050-1740) 1066 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06 and 07-08 are 2.0, 5.0, 5.0 and 5.0 respectively. 

263 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 3-Hydroxyfluorene (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Fluorene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 125 (108-144) 94.4 (83.3-106) 220 (174-303) 754 (622-873) 1060 (909-1290) 2745 

03-04 119 (106-134) 86.6 (76.8-97.3) 256 (201-337) 856 (668-1060) 1330 (1130-1590) 2502 

05-06 121 (111-131) 84.5 (77.5-93.4) 245 (203-297) 930 (806-1020) 1280 (1150-1400) 2398 

07-08 117 (104-132) 84.6 (76.8-98.5) 226 (177-310) 789 (601-1000) 1230 (1040-1410) 2581 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 119 (103-137) 110 (96.7-121) 153 (135-197) 265 (206-377) 382 (254-631) 387 

03-04 94.6 (84.3-106) 92.4 (83.1-98.5) 130 (115-154) 202 (168-282) 311 (197-435) 336 

05-06 90.7 (82.6-99.6) 90.3 (80.1-99.7) 130 (119-142) 210 (167-242) 290 (237-353) 336 

07-08 120 (105-138) 108 (92.3-127) 186 (150-215) 330 (231-401) 419 (304-918) 382 

12-19 years 01-02 99.3 (81.6-121) 81.9 (74.2-92.6) 144 (109-197) 390 (214-700) 711 (372-1380) 733 

03-04 88.1 (78.0-99.6) 79.0 (72.5-83.2) 137 (114-170) 319 (225-440) 586 (356-880) 701 

05-06 90.1 (84.3-96.3) 73.8 (70.0-81.7) 133 (112-153) 381 (323-426) 618 (437-819) 661 

07-08 88.5 (78.9-99.2) 74.8 (65.2-84.6) 141 (118-185) 317 (242-449) 515 (338-656) 400 

20 years and older 01-02 131 (113-151) 94.4 (81.0-108) 279 (195-367) 862 (727-923) 1210 (1010-1350) 1625 

03-04 128 (113-146) 88.2 (76.8-104) 364 (242-484) 1020 (828-1240) 1500 (1290-1710) 1465 

05-06 131 (119-144) 85.9 (77.1-98.5) 334 (251-476) 1020 (931-1180) 1380 (1220-1550) 1401 

07-08 122 (106-142) 83.9 (76.0-99.9) 276 (186-389) 926 (710-1110) 1320 (1150-1500) 1799 

Gender 

Males 01-02 132 (111-156) 100 (88.5-117) 260 (194-361) 745 (560-914) 1130 (862-1380) 1346 

03-04 129 (114-147) 95.8 (82.5-111) 338 (226-456) 833 (672-1010) 1220 (980-1510) 1205 

05-06 125 (112-139) 92.4 (84.3-103) 272 (215-404) 784 (660-936) 1100 (874-1310) 1196 

07-08 123 (111-136) 92.3 (80.8-105) 282 (227-354) 791 (675-969) 1110 (989-1330) 1284 

Females 01-02 119 (104-136) 88.9 (78.6-103) 179 (156-227) 777 (604-888) 1030 (923-1270) 1399 

03-04 110 (93.4-129) 81.7 (69.5-91.5) 183 (132-285) 920 (488-1270) 1460 (1130-1750) 1297 

05-06 117 (105-130) 77.6 (71.9-90.2) 203 (160-290) 1040 (836-1240) 1400 (1220-1780) 1202 

07-08 112 (95.7-131) 82.1 (72.7-96.8) 180 (132-265) 789 (450-1140) 1240 (1050-1500) 1297 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 101 (84.2-121) 84.0 (74.8-97.2) 159 (124-214) 364 (227-598) 604 (357-1230) 662 

03-04 84.8 (73.1-98.4) 68.8 (60.0-80.2) 170 (119-213) 353 (319-435) 668 (353-1050) 622 

05-06 74.0 (66.0-83.1) 59.9 (52.5-69.7) 112 (88.0-136) 282 (217-410) 585 (320-763) 596 

07-08 88.1 (75.3-103) 72.7 (62.2-84.1) 141 (107-184) 366 (232-536) 568 (397-722) 529 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 143 (118-173) 110 (90.7-133) 316 (186-525) 849 (622-1230) 1240 (882-1430) 692 

03-04 139 (113-169) 106 (93.1-118) 328 (211-488) 961 (580-1310) 1310 (961-1770) 683 

05-06 119 (103-138) 87.4 (78.4-97.0) 214 (154-388) 711 (523-1000) 1100 (838-1380) 652 

07-08 128 (109-150) 94.1 (82.2-110) 309 (204-433) 829 (715-981) 1310 (981-1640) 587 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 128 (108-152) 94.7 (83.4-109) 223 (171-323) 816 (642-914) 1150 (910-1410) 1207 

03-04 127 (110-146) 89.8 (79.1-104) 311 (212-418) 980 (768-1180) 1460 (1270-1700) 1035 

05-06 130 (117-144) 91.1 (81.0-104) 290 (229-426) 973 (836-1180) 1380 (1130-1570) 966 

07-08 122 (103-145) 89.3 (76.2-108) 244 (166-377) 895 (579-1110) 1250 (1080-1470) 1066 

264 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 9-Hydroxyfluorene 

Metabolite of Fluorene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 267 (234-305) 269 (233-313) 541 (463-620) 929 (839-1060) 1390 (1130-1600) 2504 

05-06 308 (289-328) 300 (271-325) 609 (563-652) 1270 (1090-1420) 1820 (1560-2110) 2422 

07-08 337 (310-367) 327 (295-367) 677 (582-769) 1300 (1060-1490) 1960 (1670-2420) 2608 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 209 (184-238) 216 (173-240) 331 (267-458) 594 (446-809) 853 (553-1500) 333 

05-06 184 (162-209) 190 (153-210) 324 (261-397) 657 (448-783) 823 (671-1220) 342 

07-08 242 (208-282) 229 (196-280) 449 (326-580) 791 (565-1040) 1090 (787-1610) 389 

12-19 years 03-04 253 (216-297) 271 (215-324) 506 (413-560) 894 (773-988) 1210 (929-1510) 698 

05-06 266 (245-290) 278 (253-314) 528 (454-574) 842 (738-1020) 1290 (1070-1510) 668 

07-08 308 (255-371) 295 (241-374) 583 (459-736) 1050 (829-1290) 1400 (1080-1870) 401 

20 years and older 03-04 277 (240-320) 279 (237-335) 583 (476-656) 979 (842-1140) 1490 (1140-1770) 1473 

05-06 335 (309-363) 323 (292-349) 653 (593-729) 1360 (1180-1610) 1950 (1650-2530) 1412 

07-08 355 (323-390) 352 (311-384) 716 (629-835) 1410 (1170-1670) 2160 (1770-2780) 1818 

Gender 

Males 03-04 330 (291-374) 330 (285-372) 632 (583-709) 1090 (898-1370) 1720 (1360-2250) 1208 

05-06 355 (325-387) 334 (296-387) 693 (608-783) 1310 (1150-1620) 2000 (1670-2560) 1208 

07-08 401 (365-441) 394 (356-442) 778 (661-897) 1420 (1260-1580) 2120 (1770-2820) 1294 

Females 03-04 218 (188-253) 226 (191-253) 439 (357-521) 833 (697-973) 1100 (955-1310) 1296 

05-06 269 (242-299) 257 (230-297) 503 (426-580) 1090 (845-1400) 1610 (1400-1920) 1214 

07-08 286 (260-313) 271 (246-299) 557 (474-671) 1110 (914-1400) 1830 (1400-2400) 1314 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 229 (200-261) 232 (197-274) 435 (362-492) 773 (561-1010) 1030 (849-1170) 614 

05-06 232 (204-264) 221 (186-262) 407 (361-435) 738 (596-840) 1030 (788-1470) 614 

07-08 267 (246-288) 259 (236-285) 476 (430-515) 859 (732-1100) 1470 (1070-1980) 532 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 380 (311-465) 357 (291-475) 709 (559-825) 1260 (1080-1600) 1880 (1560-2330) 679 

05-06 416 (360-481) 406 (366-450) 716 (593-943) 1430 (1010-2250) 2310 (1590-3410) 655 

07-08 426 (376-482) 423 (356-477) 817 (693-978) 1490 (1200-1950) 2260 (1870-3040) 597 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 266 (226-313) 266 (228-324) 558 (453-659) 939 (824-1130) 1450 (1090-1770) 1048 

05-06 306 (279-335) 296 (257-331) 613 (548-669) 1290 (1150-1450) 1730 (1530-2140) 966 

07-08 345 (302-394) 338 (286-398) 700 (564-849) 1380 (1030-1690) 2040 (1570-2650) 1080 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 5.0, 5.0, and 5.0 respectively. 

265 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 9-Hydroxyfluorene (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Fluorene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 252 (230-276) 233 (205-266) 412 (371-461) 729 (609-905) 1100 (918-1390) 2504 

05-06 301 (281-322) 270 (252-290) 511 (460-575) 1040 (908-1230) 1510 (1360-1750) 2422 

07-08 339 (309-372) 303 (277-333) 562 (493-645) 1110 (908-1300) 1660 (1430-1960) 2608 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 223 (200-247) 208 (176-264) 343 (299-389) 548 (433-689) 866 (533-958) 333 

05-06 205 (180-234) 195 (176-209) 309 (272-371) 590 (402-668) 866 (620-1300) 342 

07-08 298 (256-346) 280 (249-331) 463 (399-576) 817 (576-1130) 1130 (862-1230) 389 

12-19 years 03-04 192 (172-215) 182 (161-200) 323 (286-360) 484 (412-696) 738 (571-1110) 698 

05-06 201 (183-220) 194 (173-223) 325 (283-343) 511 (397-666) 848 (521-941) 668 

07-08 239 (204-280) 235 (190-283) 381 (312-462) 596 (479-722) 768 (660-1090) 401 

20 years and older 03-04 267 (242-294) 243 (219-280) 446 (392-490) 788 (641-994) 1280 (991-1560) 1473 

05-06 336 (314-358) 304 (284-323) 573 (506-650) 1200 (1000-1360) 1720 (1490-1900) 1412 

07-08 363 (330-399) 314 (293-351) 618 (533-738) 1200 (1030-1450) 1770 (1570-2040) 1818 

Gender 

Males 03-04 260 (238-283) 236 (209-269) 429 (382-480) 739 (591-952) 1300 (916-1800) 1208 

05-06 286 (266-308) 258 (235-291) 498 (422-576) 993 (858-1180) 1410 (1240-1730) 1208 

07-08 338 (308-372) 303 (269-338) 575 (516-626) 1150 (987-1300) 1690 (1420-1940) 1294 

Females 03-04 244 (217-275) 227 (198-269) 396 (342-467) 717 (569-905) 1020 (905-1280) 1296 

05-06 316 (287-348) 278 (253-303) 532 (466-623) 1100 (840-1370) 1610 (1360-1840) 1214 

07-08 340 (306-377) 303 (274-335) 555 (451-683) 1030 (852-1330) 1620 (1330-2040) 1314 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 209 (188-232) 195 (181-209) 335 (293-379) 541 (447-722) 793 (569-1440) 614 

05-06 208 (194-224) 201 (180-220) 304 (270-342) 502 (425-584) 663 (527-919) 614 

07-08 260 (236-285) 244 (226-259) 388 (348-419) 654 (527-858) 1160 (775-1640) 532 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 272 (226-326) 258 (208-307) 463 (349-568) 777 (628-920) 1040 (863-1300) 679 

05-06 293 (258-332) 261 (230-297) 449 (377-554) 851 (635-1080) 1480 (925-2070) 655 

07-08 331 (289-379) 293 (257-333) 542 (489-620) 990 (805-1250) 1550 (1160-2470) 597 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 263 (235-295) 244 (211-287) 439 (387-490) 773 (607-1020) 1290 (967-1700) 1048 

05-06 323 (296-353) 293 (266-322) 570 (496-650) 1180 (962-1360) 1630 (1370-1840) 966 

07-08 359 (316-407) 314 (280-366) 605 (497-750) 1170 (935-1420) 1740 (1460-2040) 1080 

266 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene 

Metabolite of Phenanthrene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 140 (125-158) 141 (130-154) 266 (229-312) 476 (426-539) 684 (581-763) 2741 

03-04 156 (140-173) 166 (150-179) 287 (263-321) 464 (423-508) 625 (538-745) 2496 

05-06 152 (143-161) 151 (138-163) 275 (257-303) 493 (428-549) 669 (580-852) 2449 

07-08 139 (130-149) 140 (127-154) 252 (228-272) 442 (402-481) 683 (577-760) 2608 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 119 (104-137) 121 (98.0-142) 228 (182-249) 357 (265-501) 501 (367-661) 387 

03-04 138 (124-154) 131 (111-161) 222 (200-275) 397 (304-500) 615 (384-916) 328 

05-06 111 (101-123) 110 (96.9-121) 176 (150-240) 320 (251-375) 381 (329-540) 345 

07-08 121 (105-139) 120 (96.5-154) 200 (174-235) 334 (247-401) 405 (278-557) 389 

12-19 years 01-02 133 (110-162) 131 (110-153) 238 (198-303) 431 (376-546) 579 (439-820) 733 

03-04 158 (141-178) 171 (138-193) 300 (262-333) 470 (437-537) 654 (563-745) 692 

05-06 144 (132-157) 154 (130-175) 260 (236-286) 425 (383-496) 666 (496-845) 677 

07-08 136 (122-152) 144 (128-164) 219 (199-283) 374 (315-415) 503 (392-607) 401 

20 years and older 01-02 145 (127-164) 145 (133-164) 274 (237-329) 499 (440-565) 713 (595-819) 1621 

03-04 157 (141-176) 167 (152-182) 296 (264-337) 469 (430-513) 625 (534-783) 1476 

05-06 159 (147-172) 156 (141-172) 287 (265-328) 516 (438-615) 744 (580-996) 1427 

07-08 142 (132-153) 141 (125-158) 258 (241-280) 470 (417-531) 733 (622-856) 1818 

Gender 

Males 01-02 150 (133-169) 145 (132-164) 284 (235-348) 501 (424-593) 713 (575-845) 1344 

03-04 176 (161-194) 182 (167-198) 321 (283-363) 492 (459-536) 662 (541-929) 1196 

05-06 169 (156-183) 166 (153-180) 289 (265-334) 519 (438-593) 791 (562-1080) 1222 

07-08 153 (140-167) 152 (137-171) 268 (251-292) 448 (406-488) 722 (566-813) 1294 

Females 01-02 132 (115-152) 137 (121-151) 254 (221-297) 464 (390-520) 654 (538-769) 1397 

03-04 138 (122-156) 144 (126-164) 263 (240-294) 430 (404-469) 589 (489-680) 1300 

05-06 137 (123-152) 136 (117-153) 260 (234-297) 460 (391-553) 648 (540-809) 1227 

07-08 128 (120-136) 128 (117-139) 230 (205-258) 432 (373-500) 663 (527-740) 1314 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 117 (90.8-152) 116 (88.0-147) 214 (157-306) 369 (254-583) 549 (342-847) 664 

03-04 138 (120-158) 152 (129-175) 246 (213-291) 413 (311-492) 518 (352-896) 611 

05-06 125 (104-151) 129 (107-151) 223 (174-276) 376 (298-460) 523 (399-617) 621 

07-08 118 (108-129) 108 (103-119) 194 (172-216) 341 (271-437) 491 (417-738) 532 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 150 (127-179) 145 (126-170) 287 (243-327) 493 (423-629) 713 (568-975) 690 

03-04 182 (152-217) 178 (149-212) 346 (274-418) 552 (459-645) 797 (606-1050) 679 

05-06 162 (148-177) 155 (141-173) 307 (259-349) 517 (408-695) 753 (545-1110) 658 

07-08 142 (129-158) 141 (128-163) 264 (234-302) 448 (401-511) 613 (522-722) 597 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 144 (125-166) 144 (131-162) 276 (241-330) 489 (436-552) 661 (550-793) 1204 

03-04 159 (140-180) 168 (151-186) 296 (265-330) 475 (421-539) 641 (528-843) 1046 

05-06 156 (143-170) 155 (137-173) 279 (251-322) 500 (414-606) 743 (570-1050) 982 

07-08 146 (133-159) 149 (132-174) 261 (235-292) 453 (405-503) 725 (590-836) 1080 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06 and 07-08 are 3.5, 5.0, 5.0 and 5.0 respectively. 

267 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Phenanthrene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 132 (118-147) 125 (113-141) 210 (191-231) 344 (310-385) 464 (404-539) 2741 

03-04 146 (138-155) 141 (133-150) 222 (205-244) 352 (330-384) 487 (416-546) 2496 

05-06 147 (138-157) 140 (130-148) 229 (211-247) 372 (339-406) 502 (446-600) 2449 

07-08 140 (130-151) 137 (124-151) 221 (207-236) 345 (319-372) 457 (407-522) 2608 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 133 (116-153) 126 (110-147) 188 (165-225) 344 (245-437) 467 (364-598) 387 

03-04 145 (129-163) 138 (121-155) 205 (169-240) 315 (244-456) 477 (313-803) 328 

05-06 124 (114-134) 115 (103-133) 191 (162-210) 275 (230-340) 368 (321-396) 345 

07-08 149 (132-169) 139 (127-158) 221 (191-264) 334 (275-410) 424 (332-796) 389 

12-19 years 01-02 103 (87.9-121) 97.3 (81.4-117) 158 (131-192) 240 (198-322) 354 (235-531) 733 

03-04 119 (108-130) 115 (101-131) 176 (157-197) 275 (230-331) 345 (269-496) 692 

05-06 108 (97.5-119) 108 (95.9-116) 163 (148-180) 268 (199-330) 372 (262-609) 677 

07-08 106 (94.9-117) 106 (90.0-116) 158 (147-171) 243 (197-303) 324 (250-407) 401 

20 years and older 01-02 137 (122-153) 132 (117-145) 223 (200-243) 351 (319-395) 476 (421-541) 1621 

03-04 151 (142-161) 147 (134-157) 237 (212-254) 365 (335-397) 500 (422-580) 1476 

05-06 158 (147-170) 151 (137-163) 244 (224-265) 397 (362-420) 554 (478-666) 1427 

07-08 145 (135-157) 142 (127-156) 229 (214-251) 354 (336-383) 495 (420-560) 1818 

Gender 

Males 01-02 122 (108-137) 116 (104-131) 194 (173-218) 321 (262-395) 455 (348-642) 1344 

03-04 138 (131-146) 130 (117-143) 201 (187-227) 335 (301-391) 437 (392-550) 1196 

05-06 135 (126-145) 125 (117-132) 208 (187-229) 341 (300-385) 498 (391-634) 1222 

07-08 129 (117-141) 126 (112-141) 207 (191-223) 327 (290-344) 410 (354-487) 1294 

Females 01-02 142 (125-160) 136 (118-156) 226 (199-256) 355 (323-399) 473 (421-541) 1397 

03-04 154 (142-168) 150 (138-160) 241 (212-269) 364 (323-425) 505 (418-635) 1300 

05-06 160 (149-172) 152 (136-166) 251 (229-275) 398 (367-428) 509 (435-638) 1227 

07-08 152 (140-165) 148 (133-162) 231 (213-262) 373 (329-411) 478 (409-577) 1314 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 110 (88.6-136) 101 (85.5-131) 162 (138-203) 275 (187-452) 400 (268-755) 664 

03-04 124 (111-140) 122 (107-136) 183 (159-242) 304 (246-392) 392 (318-437) 611 

05-06 112 (99.2-126) 109 (87.1-129) 170 (145-201) 259 (228-307) 353 (297-414) 621 

07-08 115 (102-129) 107 (96.7-118) 159 (143-183) 287 (218-344) 424 (324-520) 532 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 106 (88.7-127) 102 (92.4-111) 172 (141-203) 274 (224-356) 384 (308-598) 690 

03-04 129 (112-148) 126 (108-143) 199 (173-242) 337 (272-400) 428 (374-522) 679 

05-06 114 (106-121) 107 (98.6-114) 179 (163-189) 301 (229-370) 449 (321-771) 658 

07-08 111 (98.8-124) 109 (90.0-126) 181 (153-201) 293 (257-338) 385 (338-446) 597 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 142 (126-161) 137 (119-153) 228 (206-247) 363 (321-406) 476 (411-552) 1204 

03-04 157 (146-168) 150 (140-159) 241 (216-256) 372 (335-424) 515 (426-658) 1046 

05-06 164 (152-176) 154 (141-165) 247 (228-268) 398 (366-428) 554 (466-739) 982 

07-08 152 (139-166) 152 (135-167) 236 (217-258) 354 (330-383) 464 (407-551) 1080 

268 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2-Hydroxyphenanthrene 

Metabolite of Phenanthrene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 54.0 (46.0-63.5) 58.0 (50.0-68.0) 117 (102-140) 240 (201-271) 332 (299-377) 2742 

03-04 59.3 (52.5-66.9) 62.2 (55.4-69.7) 117 (105-129) 206 (180-235) 291 (252-336) 2512 

05-06 65.3 (60.9-70.0) 63.3 (58.5-68.6) 126 (111-139) 234 (203-254) 314 (282-383) 2410 

07-08 63.6 (58.8-68.7) 62.9 (58.0-68.7) 117 (104-130) 204 (184-223) 300 (256-367) 2572 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 40.5 (34.3-47.7) 46.0 (37.0-57.0) 87.0 (71.0-101) 170 (133-207) 257 (195-320) 387 

03-04 45.3 (40.0-51.3) 48.1 (41.9-56.8) 72.7 (63.2-89.4) 135 (104-176) 225 (136-299) 337 

05-06 42.1 (38.4-46.1) 40.1 (36.4-47.2) 70.4 (58.1-83.2) 110 (89.2-132) 152 (112-213) 341 

07-08 48.1 (41.8-55.4) 46.4 (41.7-54.6) 80.3 (68.2-95.4) 144 (98.8-184) 184 (122-229) 382 

12-19 years 01-02 49.5 (37.3-65.7) 52.0 (41.0-68.0) 108 (93.0-122) 210 (145-270) 281 (214-524) 733 

03-04 58.0 (50.7-66.2) 62.5 (54.5-71.6) 104 (88.8-132) 198 (166-215) 258 (199-318) 707 

05-06 60.4 (55.4-65.8) 62.4 (56.3-67.1) 114 (93.8-133) 175 (156-195) 250 (198-291) 664 

07-08 59.4 (52.9-66.7) 60.5 (51.5-67.0) 97.4 (81.2-121) 160 (133-204) 223 (175-264) 398 

20 years and older 01-02 56.8 (48.1-66.9) 60.0 (52.0-73.0) 126 (104-152) 249 (207-292) 342 (308-398) 1622 

03-04 61.5 (53.7-70.4) 64.9 (57.2-73.5) 125 (111-138) 216 (187-250) 310 (259-389) 1468 

05-06 69.6 (63.6-76.2) 67.3 (61.5-75.3) 137 (118-154) 251 (215-280) 348 (298-446) 1405 

07-08 66.2 (60.8-72.1) 65.9 (60.4-71.2) 123 (109-136) 218 (195-251) 334 (272-412) 1792 

Gender 

Males 01-02 62.1 (53.3-72.5) 67.0 (58.0-80.0) 136 (109-161) 274 (245-303) 367 (329-414) 1345 

03-04 72.3 (64.4-81.3) 71.6 (65.8-83.3) 138 (123-150) 240 (200-279) 337 (279-428) 1211 

05-06 76.5 (70.3-83.3) 72.9 (67.4-81.3) 141 (122-156) 254 (219-296) 383 (289-555) 1204 

07-08 75.8 (70.3-81.8) 73.5 (67.6-81.4) 136 (126-149) 229 (199-256) 354 (276-408) 1277 

Females 01-02 47.4 (39.1-57.5) 50.0 (41.0-60.0) 105 (88.0-129) 200 (171-240) 294 (236-357) 1397 

03-04 49.0 (42.4-56.6) 52.5 (45.3-58.7) 95.4 (84.1-110) 166 (146-202) 247 (202-291) 1301 

05-06 56.0 (50.2-62.5) 54.4 (49.5-61.0) 107 (94.7-125) 206 (173-245) 275 (248-343) 1206 

07-08 53.7 (48.9-59.0) 53.0 (48.9-59.2) 97.0 (87.0-111) 173 (146-207) 280 (206-327) 1295 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 46.8 (32.7-66.8) 51.0 (36.0-73.0) 97.0 (72.0-140) 191 (122-332) 303 (187-652) 665 

03-04 53.9 (46.7-62.1) 60.1 (50.8-68.6) 104 (89.5-115) 164 (144-187) 200 (187-219) 627 

05-06 54.6 (45.0-66.3) 56.2 (47.1-67.7) 96.2 (84.4-108) 164 (120-202) 213 (175-294) 612 

07-08 58.2 (53.9-62.7) 59.3 (50.8-63.0) 98.6 (92.5-113) 167 (141-193) 252 (192-395) 528 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 71.1 (58.0-87.1) 74.0 (66.0-90.0) 152 (124-182) 262 (217-311) 374 (284-560) 690 

03-04 81.2 (68.1-96.7) 73.4 (61.8-101) 158 (125-199) 280 (219-374) 390 (289-574) 678 

05-06 77.3 (69.0-86.6) 75.3 (65.8-83.5) 141 (114-172) 267 (202-340) 363 (275-546) 641 

07-08 72.8 (65.2-81.3) 70.7 (62.6-80.2) 127 (115-149) 251 (206-284) 367 (284-455) 597 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 53.1 (43.6-64.6) 57.0 (48.0-68.0) 117 (99.0-144) 242 (199-286) 333 (303-385) 1204 

03-04 58.2 (50.1-67.7) 60.7 (52.5-71.0) 115 (97.9-133) 209 (172-255) 299 (251-351) 1044 

05-06 65.2 (59.4-71.5) 63.7 (57.0-70.4) 130 (109-144) 244 (206-261) 343 (282-439) 974 

07-08 63.3 (56.6-70.8) 64.0 (56.4-71.1) 121 (102-135) 203 (174-234) 298 (238-410) 1050 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06 and 07-08 are 3.2, 5.0, 5.0 and 5.0 respectively. 

269 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2-Hydroxyphenanthrene (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Phenanthrene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 50.6 (43.3-59.2) 52.5 (46.4-59.6) 91.4 (78.7-108) 164 (138-200) 233 (206-275) 2742 

03-04 55.4 (51.1-60.0) 52.3 (48.8-55.8) 85.8 (79.4-97.0) 150 (128-174) 212 (180-252) 2512 

05-06 63.1 (58.9-67.5) 57.0 (53.3-61.9) 101 (92.8-110) 178 (157-194) 245 (209-295) 2410 

07-08 64.0 (58.9-69.4) 60.3 (55.3-66.5) 98.2 (87.5-108) 163 (151-179) 229 (199-248) 2572 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 45.3 (38.8-52.8) 50.0 (40.0-57.8) 85.9 (69.6-100) 144 (105-217) 234 (138-397) 387 

03-04 47.9 (43.6-52.7) 46.6 (41.0-51.4) 66.3 (60.3-72.8) 106 (81.0-125) 183 (108-295) 337 

05-06 45.9 (42.0-50.1) 43.6 (38.4-48.7) 65.8 (56.1-85.2) 101 (85.4-110) 116 (101-135) 341 

07-08 59.7 (51.2-69.4) 56.5 (49.4-65.2) 85.1 (73.1-107) 134 (105-187) 187 (121-437) 382 

12-19 years 01-02 38.4 (29.6-49.7) 38.5 (30.6-48.7) 64.9 (52.4-84.0) 117 (86.7-167) 173 (128-305) 733 

03-04 43.6 (39.3-48.5) 40.8 (37.7-45.0) 70.6 (55.8-84.7) 106 (88.2-123) 127 (115-176) 707 

05-06 44.5 (39.9-49.7) 42.7 (38.9-47.1) 66.1 (58.0-73.7) 111 (80.0-129) 146 (115-232) 664 

07-08 46.1 (42.0-50.5) 47.0 (39.7-53.0) 69.7 (62.0-78.0) 100 (83.0-113) 127 (105-188) 398 

20 years and older 01-02 53.7 (46.2-62.4) 55.6 (49.4-62.7) 94.6 (84.1-112) 173 (145-201) 241 (209-287) 1622 

03-04 58.7 (53.6-64.2) 54.8 (50.7-60.9) 91.6 (83.5-105) 164 (139-182) 227 (183-291) 1468 

05-06 69.1 (64.1-74.6) 63.6 (58.4-67.8) 111 (102-123) 191 (168-216) 267 (232-316) 1405 

07-08 67.8 (62.4-73.8) 64.1 (57.6-71.6) 105 (95.5-119) 177 (160-194) 239 (211-255) 1792 

Gender 

Males 01-02 50.4 (43.3-58.5) 52.5 (47.2-59.2) 91.4 (78.6-103) 176 (140-208) 245 (206-349) 1345 

03-04 56.6 (52.5-61.0) 52.3 (48.1-57.1) 84.7 (79.2-96.4) 157 (132-180) 227 (184-284) 1211 

05-06 61.2 (56.7-65.9) 55.7 (50.0-59.3) 102 (89.3-111) 161 (137-194) 244 (190-310) 1204 

07-08 64.0 (59.3-69.1) 59.8 (55.3-64.1) 99.7 (90.5-108) 172 (152-191) 229 (211-243) 1277 

Females 01-02 50.9 (42.7-60.7) 52.8 (45.5-61.0) 91.6 (75.0-115) 158 (133-183) 214 (200-245) 1397 

03-04 54.3 (48.7-60.5) 52.3 (47.0-57.2) 88.1 (76.4-101) 146 (118-179) 202 (175-246) 1301 

05-06 65.0 (60.0-70.3) 60.5 (55.1-65.3) 101 (91.6-113) 184 (165-201) 256 (224-312) 1206 

07-08 63.9 (57.8-70.7) 61.5 (54.0-69.3) 95.8 (83.7-115) 159 (140-189) 229 (186-256) 1295 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 43.7 (31.9-59.8) 44.0 (34.3-58.8) 80.8 (59.8-115) 146 (103-245) 245 (144-394) 665 

03-04 48.8 (42.5-55.9) 50.1 (42.4-58.8) 79.5 (68.2-86.1) 124 (96.2-149) 155 (127-206) 627 

05-06 48.7 (43.0-55.2) 46.0 (39.4-56.2) 75.1 (62.9-85.8) 111 (94.5-138) 146 (121-178) 612 

07-08 56.7 (51.1-62.8) 55.0 (47.7-62.2) 83.7 (76.2-90.4) 133 (107-180) 198 (145-233) 528 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 50.2 (40.5-62.2) 49.7 (44.3-56.0) 87.7 (72.6-103) 174 (127-224) 257 (178-459) 690 

03-04 57.6 (49.8-66.7) 53.1 (45.7-63.5) 90.3 (77.9-117) 152 (128-186) 218 (173-348) 678 

05-06 54.3 (49.7-59.3) 47.7 (45.4-51.3) 84.8 (71.3-97.8) 150 (116-192) 211 (167-298) 641 

07-08 56.6 (50.4-63.6) 51.2 (46.6-55.9) 95.5 (77.7-107) 154 (136-178) 212 (188-232) 597 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 52.5 (43.8-62.9) 54.8 (47.7-61.9) 92.7 (80.5-113) 170 (140-204) 233 (202-293) 1204 

03-04 57.1 (51.7-63.0) 52.9 (49.1-57.2) 88.5 (79.2-102) 159 (128-187) 237 (180-295) 1044 

05-06 67.9 (62.6-73.7) 60.9 (56.5-66.5) 111 (101-123) 191 (162-224) 274 (231-323) 974 

07-08 65.9 (59.4-73.3) 62.8 (55.1-72.0) 100 (87.2-119) 166 (147-190) 229 (197-252) 1050 

270 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 3-Hydroxyphenanthrene 

Metabolite of Phenanthrene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 105 (92.5-118) 105 (92.0-118) 200 (179-225) 401 (336-480) 649 (542-747) 2741 

03-04 115 (104-128) 118 (107-129) 219 (201-237) 424 (351-487) 647 (509-788) 2426 

05-06 103 (96.1-109) 99.8 (90.3-107) 200 (185-210) 399 (365-429) 593 (463-746) 2448 

07-08 97.6 (91.6-104) 97.8 (90.9-106) 178 (164-195) 319 (283-353) 490 (426-557) 2601 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 105 (91.1-122) 109 (82.0-138) 195 (160-231) 298 (245-346) 412 (319-545) 387 

03-04 116 (99.9-134) 107 (93.0-135) 205 (170-223) 333 (241-435) 472 (322-881) 325 

05-06 89.6 (79.6-101) 84.0 (72.6-103) 154 (123-176) 245 (193-316) 316 (245-569) 345 

07-08 100 (85.9-117) 102 (83.4-126) 175 (144-183) 251 (194-328) 348 (239-862) 389 

12-19 years 01-02 104 (87.3-125) 107 (90.0-122) 201 (165-231) 329 (255-445) 459 (331-631) 733 

03-04 120 (103-141) 127 (107-149) 221 (195-262) 366 (327-424) 564 (391-730) 677 

05-06 105 (96.5-113) 104 (97.3-116) 193 (166-217) 323 (275-383) 453 (377-604) 676 

07-08 103 (92.9-114) 103 (89.5-116) 173 (146-195) 293 (246-352) 371 (323-436) 401 

20 years and older 01-02 105 (91.7-119) 105 (89.0-118) 201 (180-231) 433 (366-515) 683 (597-806) 1621 

03-04 114 (103-128) 118 (105-130) 221 (203-243) 450 (353-505) 696 (511-885) 1424 

05-06 104 (95.3-113) 101 (89.6-113) 206 (188-223) 419 (384-466) 657 (481-832) 1427 

07-08 96.5 (89.3-104) 96.9 (87.3-106) 183 (163-201) 331 (285-393) 535 (432-624) 1811 

Gender 

Males 01-02 122 (107-138) 117 (106-132) 224 (188-278) 474 (372-597) 734 (597-1010) 1344 

03-04 137 (122-154) 135 (119-157) 251 (221-287) 487 (398-579) 754 (606-913) 1167 

05-06 125 (114-137) 119 (107-136) 227 (204-261) 427 (395-491) 768 (520-951) 1222 

07-08 117 (109-127) 115 (103-130) 209 (191-229) 352 (322-390) 557 (462-674) 1290 

Females 01-02 90.8 (77.7-106) 93.0 (80.0-108) 184 (155-207) 328 (291-399) 518 (434-649) 1397 

03-04 97.7 (86.5-110) 100 (86.6-114) 193 (170-210) 351 (287-445) 531 (447-647) 1259 

05-06 84.6 (75.6-94.5) 82.4 (73.1-92.5) 159 (143-176) 363 (285-404) 480 (421-577) 1226 

07-08 81.9 (76.8-87.3) 81.7 (74.7-91.0) 148 (134-173) 272 (237-326) 439 (355-501) 1311 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 83.5 (64.1-109) 84.0 (64.0-111) 144 (117-198) 259 (193-430) 454 (253-1140) 664 

03-04 92.7 (81.3-106) 92.8 (84.1-111) 164 (133-204) 317 (236-374) 436 (338-501) 576 

05-06 77.0 (64.1-92.5) 74.8 (60.0-90.8) 138 (110-162) 260 (191-312) 366 (299-471) 620 

07-08 79.1 (71.4-87.7) 75.3 (66.4-85.2) 133 (118-154) 250 (176-330) 414 (302-511) 529 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 145 (122-172) 135 (120-163) 281 (228-346) 516 (414-684) 957 (609-1410) 690 

03-04 166 (141-195) 159 (137-193) 313 (249-399) 542 (458-670) 798 (579-1200) 686 

05-06 138 (120-159) 125 (113-147) 260 (211-329) 466 (365-671) 716 (491-1100) 658 

07-08 129 (115-145) 129 (112-148) 237 (205-266) 427 (349-514) 657 (514-839) 596 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 104 (90.8-120) 106 (92.0-120) 199 (177-224) 401 (331-495) 649 (518-747) 1204 

03-04 114 (100-129) 117 (104-128) 220 (201-237) 440 (332-509) 702 (505-915) 1010 

05-06 101 (93.6-110) 101 (89.3-112) 200 (181-213) 402 (368-434) 657 (449-829) 982 

07-08 97.0 (87.7-107) 97.9 (87.3-111) 179 (155-202) 315 (270-355) 468 (371-590) 1077 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06 and 07-08 are 3.6, 5.0, 5.0 and 5.0 respectively. 

271 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 3-Hydroxyphenanthrene (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Phenanthrene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 98.0 (87.4-110) 86.5 (78.8-97.1) 158 (142-174) 299 (252-342) 428 (365-621) 2741 

03-04 108 (101-115) 99.5 (91.9-106) 172 (158-189) 321 (273-363) 497 (406-566) 2426 

05-06 99.5 (93.6-106) 88.1 (83.8-93.5) 164 (151-175) 326 (273-364) 443 (402-525) 2448 

07-08 98.1 (91.3-106) 91.3 (81.8-100) 159 (141-174) 273 (246-301) 380 (333-442) 2601 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 118 (103-135) 114 (94.9-131) 173 (150-201) 289 (238-368) 410 (308-544) 387 

03-04 124 (110-138) 119 (110-129) 165 (145-202) 283 (231-402) 484 (269-710) 325 

05-06 99.6 (89.4-111) 93.5 (85.7-107) 146 (118-165) 232 (171-292) 292 (232-352) 345 

07-08 123 (107-142) 120 (105-143) 183 (159-200) 230 (201-382) 382 (222-948) 389 

12-19 years 01-02 81.1 (70.1-93.8) 78.0 (66.7-89.4) 116 (96.5-144) 205 (153-275) 283 (198-511) 733 

03-04 90.3 (81.5-100) 84.9 (76.1-93.9) 139 (116-160) 212 (193-231) 295 (225-429) 677 

05-06 78.2 (70.9-86.3) 72.5 (66.7-82.1) 111 (98.8-121) 183 (141-262) 291 (211-465) 676 

07-08 80.0 (73.6-86.9) 74.4 (67.0-87.5) 117 (110-126) 188 (151-223) 243 (213-284) 401 

20 years and older 01-02 98.9 (88.3-111) 85.3 (78.3-96.6) 164 (147-183) 320 (273-356) 488 (379-774) 1621 

03-04 109 (102-117) 99.1 (91.7-106) 180 (161-198) 343 (282-385) 523 (417-608) 1424 

05-06 103 (96.3-111) 90.3 (84.4-97.8) 177 (161-200) 350 (319-387) 506 (426-538) 1427 

07-08 98.8 (91.2-107) 90.3 (80.2-100) 163 (140-184) 290 (262-321) 388 (338-464) 1811 

Gender 

Males 01-02 98.6 (87.7-111) 87.1 (79.5-98.2) 159 (138-188) 310 (245-368) 505 (356-761) 1344 

03-04 107 (98.2-116) 99.2 (87.4-109) 169 (154-184) 305 (261-343) 491 (383-592) 1167 

05-06 100 (92.6-109) 89.2 (81.5-97.0) 166 (147-184) 326 (260-365) 430 (364-553) 1222 

07-08 98.9 (91.2-107) 91.3 (81.3-101) 166 (146-184) 288 (263-310) 382 (321-449) 1290 

Females 01-02 97.5 (84.9-112) 86.4 (76.9-100) 158 (139-178) 292 (245-333) 410 (352-583) 1397 

03-04 109 (99.6-119) 100 (88.9-110) 176 (155-202) 328 (265-398) 497 (380-594) 1259 

05-06 98.7 (91.6-106) 87.3 (80.4-95.1) 160 (144-177) 332 (284-375) 446 (393-518) 1226 

07-08 97.4 (89.6-106) 90.9 (79.4-102) 150 (131-181) 262 (223-305) 377 (299-446) 1311 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 78.2 (62.4-98.0) 70.8 (56.2-87.4) 130 (92.9-171) 224 (173-321) 333 (224-656) 664 

03-04 83.8 (75.1-93.6) 79.5 (72.9-87.0) 137 (111-165) 224 (188-274) 305 (247-406) 576 

05-06 68.8 (61.0-77.7) 61.3 (51.5-73.2) 96.9 (82.9-122) 175 (159-206) 291 (200-387) 620 

07-08 77.1 (68.5-86.7) 71.6 (63.1-78.8) 113 (99.6-133) 200 (160-227) 275 (230-334) 529 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 102 (85.8-122) 91.9 (79.8-108) 160 (133-202) 296 (234-475) 673 (347-1260) 690 

03-04 118 (103-135) 106 (90.5-126) 186 (156-219) 357 (257-439) 505 (384-772) 686 

05-06 97.0 (86.6-109) 85.7 (77.3-94.1) 141 (125-172) 271 (217-366) 443 (283-623) 658 

07-08 101 (88.7-114) 91.3 (80.9-104) 176 (143-208) 297 (238-360) 411 (344-512) 596 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 103 (91.5-117) 89.4 (80.2-102) 167 (148-193) 324 (272-368) 447 (365-738) 1204 

03-04 112 (104-121) 103 (96.9-108) 183 (160-200) 346 (278-402) 544 (417-656) 1010 

05-06 106 (98.8-114) 93.6 (86.4-102) 178 (160-206) 348 (317-387) 506 (416-551) 982 

07-08 101 (91.1-112) 96.5 (83.5-107) 163 (137-190) 280 (243-317) 378 (316-447) 1077 

272 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 4-Hydroxyphenanthrene 

Metabolite of Phenanthrene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey.* 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 25.1 (22.6-27.9) 25.9 (22.5-29.6) 53.7 (47.4-59.7) 96.8 (85.0-116) 152 (118-176) 2443 

05-06 29.3 (26.7-32.2) 29.2 (25.1-31.8) 56.9 (50.1-66.1) 108 (93.1-124) 157 (134-176) 2131 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 25.2 (22.3-28.4) 26.3 (22.8-30.0) 45.7 (38.6-53.3) 95.5 (61.7-137) 138 (95.1-202) 321 

05-06 20.4 (17.7-23.4) 20.2 (17.6-23.8) 35.1 (27.4-41.6) 59.6 (43.3-93.0) 96.1 (62.2-155) 307 

12-19 years 03-04 23.7 (20.3-27.6) 25.8 (20.5-31.4) 49.9 (45.2-53.0) 77.4 (67.2-95.1) 123 (94.6-142) 683 

05-06 26.6 (23.0-30.8) 27.6 (22.4-31.2) 50.9 (43.5-56.8) 79.4 (71.1-89.9) 108 (89.9-140) 568 

20 years and older 03-04 25.3 (22.4-28.6) 25.8 (22.4-29.5) 54.8 (48.6-61.9) 101 (87.1-120) 163 (117-197) 1439 

05-06 31.1 (28.1-34.3) 30.7 (26.4-33.7) 62.9 (52.6-75.1) 119 (97.1-140) 165 (138-188) 1256 

Gender 

Males 03-04 30.0 (26.5-34.0) 29.6 (25.5-35.1) 60.4 (53.4-68.7) 110 (90.6-130) 169 (118-211) 1180 

05-06 31.9 (28.6-35.5) 30.7 (25.0-36.8) 60.3 (49.7-72.7) 111 (92.3-134) 153 (119-226) 1064 

Females 03-04 21.1 (18.7-23.8) 21.3 (18.3-25.3) 46.5 (41.6-53.3) 88.4 (73.5-103) 136 (106-157) 1263 

05-06 27.1 (23.4-31.4) 26.6 (22.7-31.1) 54.0 (41.9-66.9) 107 (82.6-140) 165 (120-189) 1067 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 23.5 (20.9-26.3) 24.4 (21.4-29.4) 46.1 (40.1-53.0) 80.5 (60.9-94.1) 99.7 (80.2-154) 607 

05-06 24.5 (20.3-29.6) 24.8 (20.2-31.3) 43.7 (37.2-54.5) 81.2 (62.8-94.4) 112 (82.6-134) 466 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 35.4 (29.6-42.3) 37.1 (29.8-46.1) 71.4 (60.3-83.3) 123 (104-145) 167 (133-215) 657 

05-06 36.8 (31.8-42.5) 33.6 (29.7-42.0) 66.0 (56.0-80.5) 130 (98.0-168) 190 (133-276) 612 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 24.4 (21.5-27.7) 25.2 (21.8-29.1) 51.5 (45.1-58.5) 97.9 (77.4-127) 163 (113-202) 1021 

05-06 28.6 (25.2-32.4) 28.6 (24.5-31.9) 55.5 (47.3-69.3) 108 (90.9-136) 163 (134-188) 890 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 5.0 and 5.0 respectively. 

*This chemical was not measured after NHANES 2005-2006 because of potential interferences that would affect the quality of the results. 

273 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 4-Hydroxyphenanthrene (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Phenanthrene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.* 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 23.3 (21.7-25.0) 22.7 (20.5-24.9) 42.0 (38.6-44.6) 74.3 (66.3-85.4) 114 (102-130) 2443 

05-06 28.9 (26.6-31.4) 26.9 (24.1-29.4) 48.4 (43.9-53.7) 88.3 (77.5-102) 127 (106-145) 2131 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 26.3 (23.7-29.2) 24.8 (21.6-28.6) 43.3 (35.2-48.8) 72.9 (56.3-113) 126 (79.3-173) 321 

05-06 22.9 (19.8-26.5) 21.7 (20.0-24.8) 36.2 (27.8-43.7) 50.0 (42.7-79.3) 79.3 (50.0-98.3) 307 

12-19 years 03-04 17.7 (15.9-19.8) 16.7 (15.7-18.4) 31.4 (26.0-37.1) 47.9 (40.7-54.1) 61.7 (51.7-86.0) 683 

05-06 20.1 (18.2-22.2) 19.0 (16.5-22.9) 30.0 (28.3-33.0) 48.7 (41.0-63.5) 79.4 (53.8-98.2) 568 

20 years and older 03-04 24.0 (22.0-26.2) 23.3 (21.1-25.4) 43.5 (39.4-48.1) 79.0 (66.8-100) 121 (104-138) 1439 

05-06 31.4 (29.0-34.1) 29.4 (26.9-32.4) 54.6 (48.0-61.6) 102 (86.4-109) 139 (115-166) 1256 

Gender 

Males 03-04 23.4 (21.6-25.4) 22.7 (20.3-24.9) 40.9 (35.9-45.7) 72.7 (61.5-86.8) 112 (100-126) 1180 

05-06 26.1 (23.8-28.7) 24.1 (22.2-28.2) 44.3 (40.0-51.1) 74.3 (61.6-87.7) 102 (87.3-120) 1064 

Females 03-04 23.2 (21.2-25.5) 22.8 (19.7-26.0) 42.5 (38.3-46.2) 75.1 (63.4-94.0) 119 (93.1-139) 1263 

05-06 31.8 (28.7-35.3) 28.9 (25.8-31.8) 54.2 (46.0-63.2) 103 (85.4-127) 145 (119-174) 1067 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 21.2 (18.8-23.8) 20.7 (19.1-22.9) 35.9 (29.8-40.7) 59.0 (43.3-87.5) 83.4 (60.9-139) 607 

05-06 22.5 (20.1-25.3) 21.6 (18.8-27.1) 34.7 (31.4-41.5) 54.5 (48.2-61.6) 81.3 (59.8-86.1) 466 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 25.0 (21.6-28.9) 25.3 (23.1-28.8) 42.0 (37.4-51.4) 75.0 (61.6-87.9) 102 (79.2-137) 657 

05-06 25.8 (23.0-29.0) 24.5 (22.0-26.8) 39.4 (36.2-44.7) 68.5 (59.8-88.6) 103 (80.0-146) 612 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 23.7 (21.5-26.2) 22.4 (19.4-25.4) 43.6 (38.8-47.3) 82.2 (68.5-101) 126 (103-143) 1021 

05-06 30.5 (27.3-34.1) 28.5 (25.0-31.6) 53.0 (45.5-61.5) 102 (83.0-115) 138 (112-174) 890 

*This chemical was not measured after NHANES 2005-2006 because of potential interferences that would affect the quality of the results. 

274 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene 

Metabolite of Pyrene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 89.2 (79.8-99.7) 91.3 (83.5-98.8) 189 (168-208) 389 (345-459) 569 (493-676) 2515 

05-06 98.3 (91.0-106) 94.0 (85.5-102) 206 (181-227) 440 (373-521) 673 (585-829) 2415 

07-08 118 (108-129) 118 (107-133) 233 (208-263) 439 (392-487) 675 (543-844) 2581 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 112 (96.9-130) 119 (99.0-143) 193 (163-229) 351 (233-484) 514 (336-680) 333 

05-06 103 (91.3-117) 99.8 (91.7-105) 170 (139-206) 342 (222-413) 469 (353-786) 342 

07-08 146 (127-168) 149 (131-171) 231 (203-288) 395 (293-557) 569 (395-1060) 387 

12-19 years 03-04 119 (103-137) 115 (98.0-145) 244 (213-274) 506 (359-608) 705 (636-788) 705 

05-06 118 (104-134) 108 (93.2-132) 218 (179-266) 409 (332-557) 837 (481-992) 667 

07-08 149 (130-170) 145 (118-165) 282 (228-343) 452 (399-515) 614 (476-843) 401 

20 years and older 03-04 82.8 (73.0-93.8) 83.8 (75.6-92.4) 177 (155-203) 387 (337-437) 553 (483-644) 1477 

05-06 94.9 (86.3-104) 89.1 (79.8-100) 208 (173-245) 476 (368-563) 677 (563-913) 1406 

07-08 111 (100-123) 114 (95.7-129) 226 (199-258) 446 (370-506) 719 (525-904) 1793 

Gender 

Males 03-04 108 (96.0-122) 111 (98.7-121) 227 (197-265) 459 (387-518) 644 (526-811) 1214 

05-06 114 (104-125) 108 (98.4-119) 235 (196-279) 465 (386-585) 793 (634-980) 1208 

07-08 134 (120-150) 131 (113-155) 260 (229-293) 474 (409-560) 748 (554-956) 1279 

Females 03-04 74.0 (64.3-85.1) 75.3 (66.3-83.9) 158 (143-173) 334 (258-407) 502 (389-604) 1301 

05-06 84.8 (74.5-96.5) 80.0 (69.8-89.9) 173 (148-213) 421 (313-521) 617 (534-677) 1207 

07-08 105 (94.7-116) 111 (92.6-123) 213 (194-227) 387 (342-444) 580 (486-769) 1302 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 89.4 (78.6-102) 92.4 (79.8-113) 173 (153-191) 331 (281-415) 495 (404-548) 623 

05-06 95.6 (81.0-113) 92.3 (80.1-112) 179 (149-220) 332 (261-455) 490 (367-756) 611 

07-08 119 (110-129) 117 (104-132) 196 (170-230) 380 (289-494) 593 (485-755) 531 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 128 (105-155) 126 (108-153) 296 (226-355) 553 (400-669) 699 (564-935) 681 

05-06 116 (98.5-137) 108 (91.0-124) 230 (185-332) 517 (401-639) 743 (559-1060) 653 

07-08 136 (122-153) 142 (122-160) 282 (250-320) 548 (480-610) 752 (617-871) 592 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 84.8 (73.5-97.9) 85.4 (75.6-97.3) 182 (156-214) 386 (336-462) 566 (470-749) 1050 

05-06 94.9 (85.4-106) 91.3 (80.3-104) 203 (170-235) 399 (351-538) 677 (563-899) 968 

07-08 116 (102-131) 117 (102-136) 235 (198-287) 436 (364-500) 719 (473-981) 1059 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 5.0, 5.0, and 5.0 respectively. 

275 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 1-Hydroxypyrene (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Pyrene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 83.4 (77.4-90.0) 79.9 (72.6-86.9) 149 (133-167) 279 (236-343) 424 (352-474) 2515 

05-06 95.1 (89.1-102) 85.5 (81.0-91.1) 173 (161-184) 338 (292-371) 492 (427-550) 2415 

07-08 119 (110-129) 113 (103-127) 200 (180-224) 364 (321-411) 527 (467-587) 2581 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 119 (102-138) 112 (98.2-137) 185 (156-225) 336 (227-440) 475 (336-566) 333 

05-06 115 (102-128) 105 (94.7-116) 181 (145-217) 285 (242-385) 407 (308-517) 342 

07-08 180 (156-206) 171 (145-197) 255 (233-316) 457 (329-593) 604 (457-1320) 387 

12-19 years 03-04 89.4 (77.7-103) 81.6 (74.3-93.0) 146 (123-187) 269 (196-364) 364 (251-611) 705 

05-06 88.7 (78.7-99.9) 80.9 (73.8-92.3) 146 (115-176) 250 (199-358) 400 (252-682) 667 

07-08 116 (105-127) 112 (98.3-127) 178 (154-202) 301 (245-349) 405 (321-558) 401 

20 years and older 03-04 79.1 (73.2-85.4) 73.5 (66.7-82.3) 142 (127-160) 278 (236-331) 424 (349-472) 1477 

05-06 94.1 (87.1-102) 82.5 (75.8-89.3) 177 (163-194) 352 (294-397) 502 (444-558) 1406 

07-08 114 (105-125) 106 (95.3-124) 194 (173-217) 364 (317-415) 510 (456-591) 1793 

Gender 

Males 03-04 84.8 (77.3-93.1) 82.8 (72.7-91.0) 163 (145-175) 290 (241-352) 416 (353-513) 1214 

05-06 91.6 (84.3-99.6) 84.6 (76.9-95.5) 169 (152-182) 308 (268-364) 492 (426-589) 1208 

07-08 113 (102-125) 109 (94.3-124) 193 (176-214) 379 (308-440) 549 (456-629) 1279 

Females 03-04 82.1 (73.5-91.7) 78.3 (69.2-86.8) 137 (119-165) 274 (215-350) 440 (313-479) 1301 

05-06 98.7 (91.7-106) 86.8 (78.5-92.8) 175 (156-195) 345 (295-390) 482 (395-558) 1207 

07-08 125 (114-137) 119 (104-135) 203 (179-238) 348 (302-405) 503 (425-619) 1302 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 81.2 (73.9-89.2) 80.9 (70.4-91.7) 146 (122-167) 247 (221-301) 372 (321-460) 623 

05-06 84.9 (76.4-94.2) 78.4 (67.7-91.2) 132 (118-145) 237 (203-287) 374 (279-482) 611 

07-08 116 (107-125) 105 (96.5-116) 173 (156-188) 296 (250-367) 501 (395-629) 531 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 91.0 (77.7-107) 92.4 (76.6-106) 173 (145-211) 315 (227-433) 451 (301-680) 681 

05-06 81.2 (70.7-93.2) 74.9 (65.6-84.8) 140 (113-173) 295 (206-403) 477 (324-643) 653 

07-08 106 (93.1-121) 104 (93.4-123) 201 (162-249) 352 (302-464) 537 (384-662) 592 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 83.3 (75.4-92.0) 77.9 (69.1-86.8) 148 (127-174) 287 (241-360) 438 (360-506) 1050 

05-06 99.3 (91.2-108) 90.6 (82.2-99.5) 188 (169-200) 358 (305-395) 495 (427-555) 968 

07-08 120 (108-134) 113 (97.7-135) 206 (178-237) 379 (300-438) 510 (438-617) 1059 

276 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 1-Hydroxynaphthalene (1-Naphthol) 

Metabolite of Naphthalene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 2680 (2360-3050) 2260 (1980-2650) 7660 (6270-9420) 18500 (15500-20900) 26100 (23000-33600) 2595 

05-06 2640 (2390-2920) 1940 (1690-2240) 8450 (7050-9980) 29900 (23200-37100) 48100 (41300-65600) 2385 

07-08 2580 (2190-3030) 1980 (1750-2280) 6870 (5000-8760) 17300 (13000-22200) 29200 (22200-41100) 2495 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 1540 (1360-1750) 1330 (1110-1680) 2790 (2180-3520) 5770 (4110-8200) 10500 (5870-17000) 340 

05-06 1190 (1010-1400) 1030 (775-1280) 2150 (1690-2730) 8100 (3870-10700) 11000 (7290-44100) 336 

07-08 1540 (1280-1850) 1500 (1220-1680) 3090 (2170-3800) 5940 (4160-9290) 9360 (4680-14300) 370 

12-19 years 03-04 1960 (1680-2280) 1670 (1500-1970) 4190 (3100-5400) 10500 (8430-14300) 20900 (13500-26100) 727 

05-06 1710 (1490-1960) 1360 (1110-1700) 3760 (3100-4370) 14100 (9090-23500) 25800 (12400-46200) 655 

07-08 1830 (1490-2260) 1510 (1190-2010) 4030 (2550-5750) 10000 (6700-13500) 14800 (12000-21300) 386 

20 years and older 03-04 3020 (2580-3520) 2650 (2200-3200) 9420 (7320-11500) 20500 (16500-23400) 29400 (23400-37400) 1528 

05-06 3100 (2740-3510) 2330 (2030-2820) 10500 (8180-13300) 34500 (26700-43400) 55100 (42200-80400) 1394 

07-08 2880 (2370-3490) 2260 (1830-2800) 8200 (6010-10700) 19600 (15000-25500) 33000 (23600-54900) 1739 

Gender 

Males 03-04 3170 (2820-3560) 2840 (2370-3390) 8790 (7130-11000) 19600 (16100-22200) 25800 (22500-30600) 1243 

05-06 2970 (2620-3350) 2370 (1980-2970) 8760 (7140-10700) 28900 (21700-33000) 44100 (36000-52300) 1197 

07-08 2940 (2580-3360) 2370 (2050-2930) 7750 (5870-9830) 15900 (13800-21300) 28200 (21400-36800) 1239 

Females 03-04 2290 (1940-2720) 1840 (1500-2310) 6380 (4450-8810) 17900 (14000-21500) 28500 (21500-37400) 1352 

05-06 2360 (2010-2770) 1590 (1420-1820) 7350 (5570-10200) 33600 (21600-43900) 56800 (41600-101E3) 1188 

07-08 2270 (1850-2790) 1580 (1320-1970) 5310 (4030-7760) 17700 (11900-24800) 32000 (21300-78900) 1256 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 1950 (1720-2190) 1650 (1370-2040) 4380 (3520-5300) 11600 (9040-15500) 20100 (14900-22500) 651 

05-06 1540 (1290-1830) 1290 (1090-1550) 3710 (2680-4430) 11800 (8100-15600) 22200 (15200-34000) 607 

07-08 1610 (1380-1890) 1480 (1230-1660) 3380 (2590-4040) 8750 (6120-11900) 16100 (8190-29400) 505 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 3340 (2800-3990) 2650 (2190-3460) 7840 (6520-10800) 20800 (17000-28600) 34700 (25400-48900) 695 

05-06 3420 (2830-4140) 2670 (2200-3430) 11900 (9120-14600) 29900 (24400-41000) 56400 (42800-71600) 641 

07-08 2880 (2480-3350) 2410 (2120-2910) 8150 (5310-10700) 19300 (13700-27100) 31600 (21300-42400) 574 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 2800 (2410-3250) 2310 (1930-2840) 8630 (6820-11000) 19900 (15900-22600) 27600 (23400-35100) 1084 

05-06 2720 (2300-3210) 1980 (1560-2430) 8660 (6730-11300) 32500 (22600-42200) 51300 (41000-85500) 952 

07-08 2790 (2230-3500) 2080 (1740-2690) 7520 (4970-10400) 18700 (12600-26900) 32200 (22500-62000) 1022 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04, 05-06, and 07-08 are 46.7, 47.9, and 44.7 respectively. 

277 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 1-Hydroxynaphthalene (1-Naphthol) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Naphthalene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 2520 (2280-2790) 2100 (1870-2400) 6560 (5430-8180) 15100 (13500-17400) 21800 (18200-25400) 2595 

05-06 2560 (2290-2860) 1790 (1570-2060) 7570 (5890-9400) 24700 (20400-31000) 39600 (34100-53000) 2385 

07-08 2590 (2190-3060) 1980 (1660-2400) 6250 (4690-8220) 16100 (13600-18800) 25300 (20900-32800) 2495 

Age group 

6-11 years 03-04 1630 (1430-1860) 1360 (1180-1740) 2770 (2260-3200) 5690 (3990-8950) 10200 (5690-16400) 340 

05-06 1300 (1090-1550) 1090 (938-1330) 2210 (1990-2810) 6150 (3330-10300) 10300 (6820-28000) 336 

07-08 1870 (1560-2240) 1670 (1350-2150) 3310 (2610-4650) 7360 (5130-8830) 9990 (8060-11300) 370 

12-19 years 03-04 1470 (1260-1710) 1200 (1020-1390) 2840 (2490-4080) 7560 (5470-9120) 10800 (9120-13400) 727 

05-06 1290 (1140-1450) 995 (854-1100) 2700 (2270-3350) 8760 (5830-10800) 12500 (9370-19600) 655 

07-08 1390 (1180-1640) 1130 (833-1580) 3210 (2020-3630) 6950 (4790-8410) 9930 (7840-11900) 386 

20 years and older 03-04 2900 (2590-3250) 2520 (2120-3060) 8210 (6450-9810) 16900 (14400-19800) 24200 (20000-27200) 1528 

05-06 3080 (2720-3500) 2320 (1910-2720) 10100 (7670-13900) 29800 (23900-34100) 46400 (39100-57300) 1394 

07-08 2960 (2430-3600) 2360 (1880-2770) 7420 (5750-10200) 18500 (14900-22600) 27900 (22300-45000) 1739 

Gender 

Males 03-04 2490 (2250-2750) 2140 (1860-2590) 6560 (5500-8010) 13500 (12300-14400) 18300 (16600-20700) 1243 

05-06 2380 (2110-2680) 1890 (1590-2210) 6450 (4940-9210) 19200 (16100-22400) 31700 (22100-38400) 1197 

07-08 2480 (2210-2770) 2070 (1740-2390) 6170 (5070-7520) 13800 (11900-16000) 20700 (16700-24000) 1239 

Females 03-04 2560 (2220-2950) 2040 (1730-2440) 6680 (5000-8850) 17500 (13500-21700) 24700 (19800-30600) 1352 

05-06 2750 (2370-3190) 1750 (1460-2060) 8050 (6080-11800) 31500 (24700-39500) 54100 (40800-64500) 1188 

07-08 2700 (2130-3430) 1940 (1580-2500) 6310 (4290-9330) 18900 (13800-23700) 32800 (22300-104E3) 1256 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 1750 (1590-1930) 1500 (1260-1690) 3240 (2900-4250) 8550 (7150-12000) 17500 (13500-21400) 651 

05-06 1370 (1150-1640) 1080 (940-1380) 2830 (2130-3820) 9500 (5950-12600) 18800 (12000-21600) 607 

07-08 1590 (1290-1950) 1290 (1030-1620) 3100 (2240-5050) 7580 (5420-10600) 11800 (7860-26100) 505 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 2370 (2020-2780) 2000 (1560-2420) 5900 (4440-7070) 13800 (8930-18700) 21100 (17100-27800) 695 

05-06 2400 (1990-2890) 1980 (1520-2510) 7170 (5280-8850) 20600 (15400-29200) 39200 (29200-54300) 641 

07-08 2220 (1870-2640) 1870 (1470-2410) 6050 (4340-7940) 13600 (10600-17000) 21300 (14100-31800) 574 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 2770 (2460-3120) 2350 (1940-2900) 8030 (6330-9260) 16600 (14400-18500) 23600 (20000-26600) 1084 

05-06 2840 (2400-3360) 1990 (1600-2540) 8650 (5940-12600) 28200 (20800-35000) 43100 (38400-59000) 952 

07-08 2900 (2330-3610) 2160 (1710-2780) 7300 (5000-10200) 18400 (14800-22300) 27300 (22300-50800) 1022 

278 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2-Hydroxynaphthalene (2-Naphthol) 

Metabolite of Naphthalene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/L) for the U.S. population from the National Health 

and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 2470 (2110-2890) 2280 (1930-2670) 5680 (4580-6830) 14700 (12800-19500) 26000 (22500-29700) 2748 

03-04 3180 (2760-3670) 2960 (2500-3500) 7500 (6190-9690) 17300 (14500-22100) 25800 (22600-27700) 2575 

05-06 3630 (3350-3920) 3440 (3110-3800) 8550 (7840-9420) 20200 (17000-24100) 33100 (28600-38200) 2446 

07-08 3830 (3370-4360) 3660 (3240-4120) 8460 (6670-10300) 17300 (14800-21900) 26700 (23100-30800) 2530 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 1690 (1560-1840) 1700 (1400-1950) 3010 (2580-3470) 5410 (3890-6700) 7720 (6300-9540) 387 

03-04 2110 (1800-2470) 2140 (1790-2590) 3570 (3140-4380) 5580 (5050-6380) 9710 (5230-20000) 339 

05-06 2160 (1940-2410) 2090 (1950-2330) 3960 (3090-4460) 5640 (5000-9680) 10600 (7200-13300) 345 

07-08 2700 (2380-3060) 2590 (2140-2950) 4660 (4050-5230) 8720 (5910-10700) 11500 (9160-14800) 375 

12-19 years 01-02 2220 (1700-2900) 2150 (1740-2530) 4390 (3150-6110) 11000 (6990-20400) 22500 (13900-28400) 735 

03-04 3040 (2680-3460) 2910 (2510-3500) 5290 (4670-6590) 12400 (8530-16800) 17600 (15100-25900) 721 

05-06 3460 (3030-3950) 3290 (2860-3780) 6750 (5870-7490) 14500 (10300-20800) 23900 (14700-33100) 677 

07-08 4290 (3480-5280) 4340 (3730-5310) 8740 (6570-10800) 17100 (13000-22500) 24000 (19600-29700) 387 

20 years and older 01-02 2620 (2220-3100) 2440 (1940-2950) 6380 (5110-8110) 17600 (14000-21100) 28100 (23300-33700) 1626 

03-04 3360 (2860-3960) 3180 (2590-3960) 8770 (7210-11300) 19200 (16000-23200) 26600 (23400-28800) 1515 

05-06 3880 (3510-4290) 3770 (3250-4330) 9580 (8770-10600) 23000 (18600-28800) 37000 (29200-39500) 1424 

07-08 3910 (3410-4500) 3680 (3200-4320) 9170 (6820-11000) 18500 (15100-23600) 28600 (23800-33500) 1768 

Gender 

Males 01-02 2750 (2360-3210) 2510 (2090-2970) 6060 (4820-7810) 16900 (11900-23000) 28100 (20800-35600) 1349 

03-04 3520 (3090-4010) 3370 (2910-3880) 8520 (6960-10500) 18400 (15300-22600) 26100 (22200-27900) 1233 

05-06 4020 (3650-4440) 3850 (3250-4340) 9490 (7840-11300) 19700 (16700-23100) 32900 (25500-38200) 1221 

07-08 4250 (3770-4780) 4200 (3740-4520) 9300 (7350-10800) 17500 (14500-22700) 26000 (20900-32600) 1256 

Females 01-02 2220 (1860-2660) 2060 (1650-2480) 5240 (3890-6440) 13900 (12300-17700) 25300 (19700-28300) 1399 

03-04 2890 (2420-3450) 2600 (2140-3160) 6800 (5140-9210) 16600 (12700-21300) 23900 (22100-27600) 1342 

05-06 3280 (2830-3800) 3180 (2640-3600) 7830 (6770-9000) 21300 (14500-29200) 35000 (26700-39600) 1225 

07-08 3470 (2990-4030) 3180 (2650-3740) 7630 (5970-10000) 17100 (13600-21900) 26700 (21600-30800) 1274 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 2700 (2360-3080) 2710 (2350-3260) 5140 (4360-6150) 9640 (8150-10600) 14300 (10400-18700) 665 

03-04 3130 (2710-3630) 3110 (2570-3850) 6740 (5600-8280) 14500 (10400-15600) 18000 (15500-20500) 648 

05-06 4520 (4120-4960) 4790 (4130-5430) 8960 (7840-9810) 17300 (12400-23300) 28700 (20000-32600) 621 

07-08 4690 (4070-5410) 4500 (3930-5580) 8600 (6770-11300) 16400 (12600-20900) 24000 (19100-29700) 515 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 3970 (3470-4540) 3460 (3100-4020) 9290 (6820-13200) 22800 (16000-29100) 33000 (25900-38700) 692 

03-04 4690 (3830-5750) 4290 (3250-5540) 10300 (7670-13100) 21200 (17300-26100) 30100 (22300-40600) 690 

05-06 4990 (4410-5650) 4630 (3930-5620) 11600 (9370-14300) 22600 (20000-26900) 31900 (27600-38500) 657 

07-08 4900 (4420-5440) 4810 (4330-5190) 10100 (8050-12300) 22100 (17200-26300) 28600 (25000-36600) 587 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 2190 (1760-2720) 1910 (1610-2420) 4970 (3710-6780) 14100 (10700-20200) 25900 (20700-30000) 1207 

03-04 3080 (2580-3670) 2660 (2200-3530) 7640 (5890-10400) 18000 (14600-22900) 26100 (22900-27900) 1072 

05-06 3250 (2900-3640) 2980 (2710-3330) 7900 (6690-9360) 19300 (15800-24700) 34000 (25500-38300) 980 

07-08 3600 (2980-4350) 3340 (2620-4170) 8040 (5730-10700) 17100 (11800-23800) 26400 (20400-35600) 1043 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, 05-06 and 07-08 are 2.4, 31.1, 13.2 and 42.0 respectively. 

279 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Urinary 2-Hydroxynaphthalene (2-Naphthol) (creatinine corrected) 

Metabolite of Naphthalene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of urine concentrations (in ng/g of creatinine) for the U.S. population from the 

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 2310 (1980-2680) 1940 (1670-2300) 4730 (3820-5860) 11500 (9980-13100) 16700 (14100-19200) 2748 

03-04 2990 (2670-3340) 2560 (2200-2970) 6340 (5010-7870) 14100 (11800-16300) 19900 (16000-23800) 2575 

05-06 3520 (3290-3770) 3080 (2670-3400) 7240 (6450-8270) 17000 (14800-18800) 23900 (21900-27200) 2446 

07-08 3860 (3440-4330) 3440 (3040-3910) 7100 (6010-8630) 15300 (12900-18300) 20700 (18800-23900) 2530 

Age group 

6-11 years 01-02 1890 (1740-2070) 1830 (1720-1940) 3110 (2510-3470) 5040 (4380-5540) 6490 (5270-12400) 387 

03-04 2240 (1890-2650) 2040 (1660-2440) 3540 (2840-3910) 5950 (4140-8510) 8720 (7560-12000) 339 

05-06 2400 (2100-2750) 2270 (2000-2580) 3680 (3150-4430) 6100 (4840-7040) 7820 (6310-13800) 345 

07-08 3330 (2980-3730) 3380 (2900-3710) 5230 (4320-6780) 8000 (6790-9920) 10500 (8000-14500) 375 

12-19 years 01-02 1720 (1350-2190) 1510 (1340-1830) 2750 (2080-4070) 7180 (4070-10900) 11100 (7860-17400) 735 

03-04 2280 (2060-2520) 2030 (1770-2350) 3780 (3200-4470) 7840 (6130-9110) 10500 (9100-12500) 721 

05-06 2590 (2370-2840) 2310 (2030-2620) 4580 (3990-5020) 8470 (6980-10500) 11900 (10100-15200) 677 

07-08 3300 (2740-3960) 3130 (2430-4080) 5730 (4880-6790) 9850 (7560-12000) 12500 (9910-18600) 387 

20 years and older 01-02 2480 (2130-2880) 2080 (1680-2600) 5630 (4460-6940) 12400 (10900-13900) 17700 (15200-20600) 1626 

03-04 3230 (2870-3640) 2910 (2360-3410) 7540 (6200-9100) 15600 (13100-17900) 21800 (17200-24000) 1515 

05-06 3870 (3590-4170) 3400 (3080-3750) 9200 (7930-10500) 19000 (17400-21200) 27200 (22300-29700) 1424 

07-08 4020 (3550-4550) 3470 (3070-4040) 7750 (6170-9830) 17500 (13900-19800) 22700 (20200-25500) 1768 

Gender 

Males 01-02 2230 (1900-2610) 1860 (1630-2100) 4790 (3510-6120) 11400 (8950-14300) 15800 (13100-19200) 1349 

03-04 2770 (2500-3060) 2360 (2130-2810) 6300 (5080-7360) 12800 (11300-14600) 16400 (14600-18300) 1233 

05-06 3230 (3000-3480) 2830 (2530-3140) 6750 (5620-8100) 13800 (12300-16200) 18900 (17400-21200) 1221 

07-08 3580 (3240-3950) 3130 (2700-3570) 6790 (5790-8100) 14400 (12200-17200) 19600 (18300-20900) 1256 

Females 01-02 2380 (2050-2770) 1990 (1660-2560) 4730 (3790-6000) 11500 (10300-12800) 17400 (13700-21500) 1399 

03-04 3210 (2760-3730) 2680 (2200-3260) 6430 (4740-8580) 16000 (11500-19900) 22500 (18100-25000) 1342 

05-06 3830 (3390-4330) 3210 (2720-3760) 8080 (6430-9740) 20800 (17000-24700) 29000 (24900-34200) 1225 

07-08 4150 (3570-4830) 3590 (3190-4180) 7400 (5880-9630) 16800 (12900-20000) 22700 (20000-25500) 1274 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 2520 (2230-2850) 2350 (2010-2950) 4650 (3970-5210) 7320 (6050-8090) 12000 (7820-15300) 665 

03-04 2830 (2440-3280) 2570 (2200-3230) 5000 (4100-5940) 10300 (6790-13000) 13300 (11000-15500) 648 

05-06 4050 (3770-4350) 4030 (3650-4360) 7050 (6300-8050) 12600 (9530-15100) 17400 (13400-20600) 621 

07-08 4580 (3970-5280) 4370 (3550-5020) 7590 (6300-9380) 14200 (11600-16400) 19100 (16000-24700) 515 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 2790 (2390-3270) 2410 (2040-2770) 5980 (4840-6980) 11600 (9090-15300) 17400 (12200-23400) 692 

03-04 3320 (2700-4090) 3060 (2310-3860) 7050 (5140-9410) 12800 (10200-16500) 19000 (15700-23400) 690 

05-06 3510 (3160-3890) 3100 (2590-3530) 6710 (5330-8040) 12300 (10300-16100) 19700 (16100-25000) 657 

07-08 3800 (3470-4150) 3450 (3080-3900) 6730 (5560-8410) 13100 (11300-14900) 19200 (14800-26500) 587 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 2160 (1780-2620) 1740 (1440-2180) 4340 (3320-6090) 11900 (9930-14300) 16900 (13800-20600) 1207 

03-04 3040 (2660-3460) 2480 (2110-3020) 7170 (5100-8950) 15500 (13300-17600) 21800 (17100-24000) 1072 

05-06 3400 (3080-3760) 2730 (2390-3260) 7450 (6100-9650) 17900 (15300-20700) 24900 (21200-29000) 980 

07-08 3750 (3180-4430) 3280 (2600-4080) 6910 (5530-9510) 16800 (12800-19800) 22200 (19400-25500) 1043 

280 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (Methyl chloroform) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1345 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3085 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 911 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1345 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1524 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD .014 (<LOD-.021) 650 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 660 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1464 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 685 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1621 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 267 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 762 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 289 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 791 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 688 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1303 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.048 and 0.01 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OtherHalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

281 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1235 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3131 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 924 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1235 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1542 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 665 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 613 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1484 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 622 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1647 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 250 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 753 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 282 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 823 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 606 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1323 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.01 and 0.01 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OtherHalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

282 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood 1,1,2-Trichloroethane 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1354 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3165 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 936 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1354 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1556 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 673 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 664 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1499 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 690 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1666 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 267 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 777 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 297 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 824 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 686 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1331 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.01 and 0.01 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OtherHalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

283 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood 1,1-Dichloroethane 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1367 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3193 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 941 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1367 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1569 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 683 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 670 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1510 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1683 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 267 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 778 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 300 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 832 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1347 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.01 and 0.01 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OtherHalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

284 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood 1,1 - Dichloroethene (Vinylidene chloride) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1367 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3163 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 931 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1367 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1555 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 677 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 670 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1502 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1661 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 267 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 774 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 300 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 823 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1332 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.009 and 0.009 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OtherHalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

285 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1170 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2998 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 875 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1170 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1485 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 638 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 568 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1409 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 602 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1589 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 234 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 752 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 239 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 737 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 603 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1287 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.1 and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/DBCP_BiomonitoringSummary.html

286 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood 1,2-Dichlorobenzene (o-Dichlorobenzene) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1327 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3083 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 921 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1327 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1523 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 639 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 647 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1457 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 680 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1626 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 250 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 766 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 291 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 801 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 682 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1288 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.1 and 0.1 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Chlorobenzenes_BiomonitoringSummary.html

287 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood 1,2-Dichloroethane (Ethylene dichloride) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1346 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3082 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 906 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1346 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1520 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 656 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 661 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1452 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 685 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1630 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 267 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 763 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 289 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 795 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 689 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1297 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.01 and 0.01 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OtherHalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

288 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood cis-1,2-Dichloroethene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1366 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3140 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 924 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1366 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1539 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 677 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 669 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1481 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1659 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 267 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 757 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 300 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 822 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 694 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1329 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.01 and 0.01 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OtherHalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

289 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood trans-1,2-Dichloroethene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1367 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3193 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 941 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1367 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1569 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 683 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 670 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1511 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1682 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 267 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 779 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 300 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 832 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1346 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.01 and 0.01 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OtherHalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

290 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood 1,2-Dichloropropane 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1364 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3120 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 918 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1364 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1536 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 666 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 667 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1478 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1642 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 267 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 755 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 300 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 811 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 692 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1322 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.008 and 0.008 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OtherHalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

291 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood 1,3-Dichlorobenzene (m-Dichlorobenzene) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1334 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3148 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 928 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1334 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1545 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 675 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 659 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1491 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 675 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1657 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 266 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 774 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 279 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 809 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 686 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1330 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.05 and 0.05 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Chlorobenzenes_BiomonitoringSummary.html

292 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (Paradichlorobenzene) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 * < LOD .300 (.190-.550) 1.19 (.610-2.90) 4.10 (1.40-7.60) 807 

03-04 * < LOD .320 (.250-.400) 1.10 (.710-1.60) 3.30 (1.70-5.10) 1322 

05-06 * .085 (.085-.085) .218 (.180-.260) .917 (.643-1.31) 3.59 (1.80-5.50) 3126 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * .085 (.085-.085) .220 (.160-.280) .960 (.560-2.00) 4.27 (2.37-6.10) 926 

20-59 years 01-02 * < LOD .300 (.190-.550) 1.19 (.610-2.90) 4.10 (1.40-7.60) 807 

03-04 * < LOD .320 (.250-.400) 1.10 (.710-1.60) 3.30 (1.70-5.10) 1322 

05-06 * .085 (.085-.085) .220 (.170-.260) .910 (.540-1.50) 3.77 (1.50-7.33) 1537 

60 years and older 05-06 * .085 (.085-.085) .207 (.158-.313) .877 (.525-1.80) 3.06 (1.50-4.20) 663 

Gender 

Males 01-02 * < LOD .270 (.180-.530) .900 (.570-2.90) 3.60 (1.10-7.20) 390 

03-04 * < LOD .320 (.250-.380) .770 (.580-1.20) 1.90 (1.20-4.00) 651 

05-06 * .085 (.085-.085) .230 (.188-.290) .950 (.603-1.50) 3.50 (1.50-7.20) 1479 

Females 01-02 * < LOD .360 (.190-.620) 1.20 (.620-3.90) 4.10 (1.68-8.30) 417 

03-04 * < LOD .350 (.220-.450) 1.40 (.810-2.10) 4.10 (2.20-5.90) 671 

05-06 * .085 (.085-.085) .180 (.140-.240) .865 (.522-1.70) 3.59 (2.10-5.18) 1647 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 .331 (.246-.446) .180 (<LOD-.260) .790 (.400-1.30) 6.00 (1.30-16.0) 16.0 (6.20-33.0) 217 

03-04 .381 (.256-.566) .210 (.140-.400) .730 (.370-2.90) 6.20 (2.90-9.30) 10.0 (6.30-19.0) 262 

05-06 .412 (.309-.549) .210 (.150-.290) 1.20 (.680-2.97) 8.80 (3.80-16.0) 16.0 (8.10-33.0) 772 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 .558 (.376-.827) .360 (.260-.560) 1.80 (.710-3.90) 6.30 (1.40-29.0) 15.0 (3.60-51.0) 136 

03-04 .423 (.292-.613) .340 (.200-.480) .980 (.550-1.50) 4.10 (1.60-9.20) 11.0 (2.50-19.0) 297 

05-06 .381 (.272-.532) .230 (.160-.330) .860 (.500-1.70) 5.24 (2.00-11.5) 12.7 (8.41-21.0) 805 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 * < LOD .200 (<LOD-.380) .570 (.300-1.20) 1.19 (.570-3.70) 396 

03-04 * < LOD .200 (.160-.260) .490 (.370-.720) .940 (.690-2.00) 658 

05-06 * .085 (.085-.085) .134 (.085-.180) .438 (.260-.670) 1.16 (.520-2.30) 1319 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.12, 0.12, and 0.011 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Chlorobenzenes_BiomonitoringSummary.html

293 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood 2,5-Dimethylfuran 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD .016 (<LOD-.032) .100 (.083-.110) .140 (.120-.180) 1213 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .100 (.069-.120) .160 (.130-.180) 3160 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD .013 (<LOD-.029) .049 (.020-.069) 930 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD .016 (<LOD-.032) .100 (.083-.110) .140 (.120-.180) 1213 

05-06 * < LOD .013 (<LOD-.035) .120 (.097-.144) .170 (.140-.210) 1553 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD .069 (.027-.100) .140 (.106-.160) 677 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD .019 (<LOD-.034) .094 (.071-.110) .130 (.110-.190) 598 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .110 (.079-.130) .160 (.130-.190) 1490 

Females 03-04 * < LOD .012 (<LOD-.048) .110 (.071-.120) .150 (.120-.210) 615 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .094 (.062-.120) .158 (.120-.180) 1670 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD .012 (<LOD-.020) .038 (.013-.054) 237 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .015 (<LOD-.029) .033 (.020-.055) 778 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD .042 (.019-.063) .110 (.079-.170) .170 (.099-.220) 258 

05-06 * < LOD .012 (<LOD-.030) .085 (.058-.110) .130 (.095-.180) 825 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD .021 (<LOD-.043) .110 (.087-.120) .150 (.120-.200) 624 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .118 (.091-.140) .170 (.140-.230) 1325 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.012 and 0.011 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/2,5-Dimethylfuran_BiomonitoringSummary.html

294 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Benzene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 * .030 (<LOD-.050) .100 (.060-.140) .190 (.140-.290) .320 (.190-.480) 837 

03-04 * .027 (.025-.031) .064 (.050-.084) .170 (.150-.190) .260 (.210-.320) 1345 

05-06 * .026 (<LOD-.030) .056 (.047-.072) .220 (.157-.260) .310 (.264-.370) 3091 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * .024 (<LOD-.028) .039 (.031-.056) .089 (.066-.110) .120 (.092-.180) 912 

20-59 years 01-02 * .030 (<LOD-.050) .100 (.060-.140) .190 (.140-.290) .320 (.190-.480) 837 

03-04 * .027 (.025-.031) .064 (.050-.084) .170 (.150-.190) .260 (.210-.320) 1345 

05-06 * .028 (.025-.032) .072 (.053-.100) .240 (.200-.290) .340 (.300-.390) 1513 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD .042 (.036-.048) .180 (.100-.230) .270 (.200-.340) 666 

Gender 

Males 01-02 * .030 (<LOD-.050) .110 (.060-.160) .230 (.150-.370) .370 (.210-.510) 403 

03-04 .039 (.035-.043) .030 (.027-.035) .069 (.053-.084) .160 (.140-.180) .240 (.190-.320) 654 

05-06 * .028 (.025-.032) .066 (.051-.083) .230 (.165-.280) .330 (.260-.440) 1459 

Females 01-02 * .030 (<LOD-.050) .100 (.060-.130) .180 (.120-.240) .250 (.170-.330) 434 

03-04 * .025 (<LOD-.029) .057 (.040-.090) .180 (.150-.220) .290 (.220-.420) 691 

05-06 * .024 (<LOD-.028) .049 (.040-.067) .200 (.150-.230) .290 (.250-.340) 1632 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 * .030 (<LOD-.070) .070 (.030-.170) .140 (.060-.360) .230 (.130-.370) 227 

03-04 * .027 (<LOD-.035) .041 (.034-.057) .077 (.058-.110) .130 (.084-.320) 254 

05-06 * < LOD .036 (.031-.045) .060 (.048-.086) .096 (.072-.140) 744 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 * < LOD .060 (<LOD-.160) .180 (.090-.300) .250 (.160-.480) 137 

03-04 .043 (.033-.058) .029 (<LOD-.054) .092 (.055-.140) .210 (.140-.290) .320 (.240-.460) 302 

05-06 * .026 (<LOD-.034) .077 (.051-.110) .180 (.150-.221) .280 (.220-.360) 812 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 * .030 (<LOD-.060) .110 (.070-.160) .210 (.140-.340) .330 (.190-.510) 411 

03-04 * .028 (.025-.033) .068 (.053-.088) .180 (.150-.200) .280 (.210-.330) 687 

05-06 * .027 (<LOD-.031) .069 (.049-.091) .240 (.190-.280) .330 (.270-.390) 1309 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.024, 0.024, and 0.024 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Benzene_BiomonitoringSummary.html

295 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Chlorobenzene (Monochlorobenzene) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1366 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3072 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 910 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1366 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1495 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 667 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 669 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1453 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1619 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 267 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 740 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 300 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 817 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 694 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1287 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.011 and 0.011 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Chlorobenzenes_BiomonitoringSummary.html

296 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Dibromomethane 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1355 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3152 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 929 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1355 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1554 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 669 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 666 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1494 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 689 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1658 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 267 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 778 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 292 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 816 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 693 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1324 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.03 and 0.03 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OtherHalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

297 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1165 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2852 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 837 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1165 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1400 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 615 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 568 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1338 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 597 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1514 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 225 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 731 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 245 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 729 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 607 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1186 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.07 and 0.25 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/HalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

298 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Ethylbenzene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 .034 (.029-.039) .030 (.030-.040) .050 (.050-.070) .090 (.070-.120) .140 (.090-.180) 879 

03-04 .035 (.033-.037) .032 (.030-.036) .053 (.048-.057) .083 (.077-.088) .110 (.098-.120) 1299 

05-06 .038 (.036-.041) .035 (.033-.037) .059 (.052-.067) .100 (.093-.114) .140 (.122-.160) 3119 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 .032 (.030-.034) .031 (.029-.033) .046 (.042-.049) .070 (.058-.085) .096 (.075-.120) 909 

20-59 years 01-02 .034 (.029-.039) .030 (.030-.040) .050 (.050-.070) .090 (.070-.120) .140 (.090-.180) 879 

03-04 .035 (.033-.037) .032 (.030-.036) .053 (.048-.057) .083 (.077-.088) .110 (.098-.120) 1299 

05-06 .040 (.037-.043) .037 (.034-.039) .062 (.054-.073) .110 (.098-.126) .150 (.130-.180) 1539 

60 years and older 05-06 .037 (.033-.040) .033 (.030-.036) .056 (.046-.068) .098 (.090-.110) .130 (.110-.160) 671 

Gender 

Males 01-02 .035 (.029-.041) .030 (<LOD-.040) .060 (.040-.070) .100 (.070-.150) .150 (.090-.220) 419 

03-04 .037 (.034-.041) .036 (.031-.040) .057 (.051-.065) .086 (.078-.099) .110 (.094-.130) 625 

05-06 .042 (.039-.044) .038 (.036-.041) .067 (.057-.074) .114 (.099-.131) .160 (.136-.180) 1474 

Females 01-02 .033 (.028-.038) .030 (.030-.040) .050 (.040-.060) .080 (.060-.120) .130 (.070-.180) 460 

03-04 .032 (.030-.034) .030 (.027-.033) .048 (.041-.053) .081 (.071-.089) .100 (.091-.120) 674 

05-06 .035 (.032-.038) .032 (.029-.035) .052 (.047-.061) .093 (.081-.103) .120 (.106-.150) 1645 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 * .030 (<LOD-.040) .040 (.040-.060) .070 (.050-.110) .120 (.070-.210) 220 

03-04 .031 (.027-.036) .029 (<LOD-.035) .044 (.035-.048) .064 (.051-.074) .091 (.066-.170) 253 

05-06 .032 (.028-.036) .030 (.026-.036) .047 (.039-.057) .072 (.051-.093) .086 (.073-.120) 752 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 .032 (.027-.038) .030 (<LOD-.040) .050 (.030-.070) .080 (.060-.130) .130 (.070-.240) 159 

03-04 .032 (.027-.038) .030 (<LOD-.037) .050 (.037-.066) .079 (.065-.100) .110 (.084-.130) 281 

05-06 .037 (.035-.040) .034 (.030-.038) .057 (.052-.064) .095 (.085-.100) .120 (.104-.140) 809 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 .035 (.029-.043) .030 (<LOD-.040) .060 (.050-.070) .090 (.070-.140) .150 (.090-.190) 432 

03-04 .036 (.034-.038) .034 (.030-.038) .055 (.050-.061) .087 (.081-.092) .110 (.098-.130) 669 

05-06 .039 (.037-.042) .036 (.033-.038) .061 (.053-.072) .110 (.095-.120) .150 (.125-.180) 1326 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.024, 0.024, and 0.024 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Ethylbenzene_BiomonitoringSummary.html

299 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Hexachloroethane 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1366 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3155 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 930 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1366 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1547 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 678 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 669 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1495 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 697 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1660 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 267 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 758 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 300 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 830 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 694 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1335 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.011 and 0.011 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Hexachloroethane_BiomonitoringSummary.html

300 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Methyl-tert-butyl ether (MTBE) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in pg/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 16.4 (4.77-56.7) 27.7 (7.29-64.9) 73.8 (35.5-127) 132 (64.0-278) 188 (109-339) 672 

03-04 11.0 (5.98-20.1) 10.0 (4.60-25.1) 45.0 (16.0-98.0) 110 (70.0-180) 170 (110-340) 1307 

05-06 6.16 (2.94-12.9) 4.60 (1.80-15.0) 20.0 (5.20-73.0) 75.0 (22.0-140) 110 (49.0-250) 3080 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 5.85 (2.61-13.1) 4.20 (1.40-18.0) 18.0 (4.60-75.0) 70.0 (18.0-140) 110 (62.0-180) 911 

20-59 years 01-02 16.4 (4.77-56.7) 27.7 (7.29-64.9) 73.8 (35.5-127) 132 (64.0-278) 188 (109-339) 672 

03-04 11.0 (5.98-20.1) 10.0 (4.60-25.1) 45.0 (16.0-98.0) 110 (70.0-180) 170 (110-340) 1307 

05-06 6.26 (3.05-12.9) 4.80 (2.00-14.0) 20.0 (5.50-70.0) 71.0 (21.0-150) 110 (46.0-250) 1512 

60 years and older 05-06 6.00 (2.67-13.5) 3.80 (1.60-14.0) 22.0 (4.00-94.0) 86.0 (19.0-180) 120 (55.0-290) 657 

Gender 

Males 01-02 16.9 (4.96-57.7) 27.9 (6.82-64.6) 75.0 (35.5-131) 132 (54.9-307) 167 (109-417) 334 

03-04 12.2 (6.29-23.6) 11.0 (4.80-29.0) 55.0 (18.0-110) 130 (79.0-200) 200 (110-470) 641 

05-06 6.24 (3.07-12.7) 4.60 (1.90-15.0) 20.0 (5.90-69.0) 73.0 (25.0-120) 110 (52.0-230) 1462 

Females 01-02 16.0 (4.12-61.8) 26.6 (5.93-74.6) 72.7 (32.6-132) 142 (73.5-255) 194 (92.3-336) 338 

03-04 9.88 (5.62-17.4) 8.90 (4.30-23.0) 38.0 (14.0-85.0) 94.0 (58.0-160) 140 (90.0-250) 666 

05-06 6.08 (2.81-13.1) 4.50 (1.70-14.0) 19.0 (4.90-79.0) 76.0 (20.0-160) 110 (48.0-250) 1618 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 23.3 (4.96-110) 33.4 (2.92-187) 91.3 (26.1-255) 225 (80.6-339) 273 (182-358) 166 

03-04 11.6 (5.35-25.3) 12.0 (3.80-29.0) 32.0 (14.0-80.0) 80.0 (38.0-190) 160 (74.0-220) 245 

05-06 7.61 (2.99-19.3) 5.40 (2.00-33.0) 30.0 (4.60-90.0) 67.0 (26.0-190) 100 (45.0-330) 735 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 14.9 (6.11-36.4) 26.4 (3.11-55.6) 52.6 (30.0-86.8) 87.4 (38.6-155) 120 (70.0-155) 119 

03-04 9.63 (4.83-19.2) 10.0 (3.50-28.0) 32.8 (11.0-85.0) 77.0 (36.0-160) 140 (61.0-210) 285 

05-06 9.14 (3.16-26.5) 5.70 (1.80-50.0) 48.0 (5.00-150) 120 (46.0-280) 180 (88.0-460) 820 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 16.0 (4.13-62.4) 27.9 (4.71-74.6) 72.7 (33.3-132) 132 (59.6-249) 165 (92.8-366) 333 

03-04 11.5 (5.51-23.8) 11.0 (4.00-33.5) 59.0 (14.0-120) 120 (73.0-230) 180 (110-430) 673 

05-06 5.55 (2.47-12.5) 4.00 (<LOD-15.0) 16.0 (4.30-75.0) 70.0 (15.0-150) 110 (40.0-250) 1291 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.232, 2.0, and 1.4 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/MTBE_BiomonitoringSummary.html

301 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Nitrobenzene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1066 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3144 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 926 

20-59 years 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1066 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1549 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 669 

Gender 

Males 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 529 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1491 

Females 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 537 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1653 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 206 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 773 

Non-Hispanic blacks 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 205 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 816 

Non-Hispanic whites 03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 564 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1322 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 03-04 and 05-06 are 0.3 and 0.3 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Nitrobenzene_BiomonitoringSummary.html

302 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Styrene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 * < LOD .080 (.050-.100) .130 (.090-.200) .200 (.140-.260) 950 

03-04 * < LOD .050 (.044-.061) .089 (.081-.097) .120 (.110-.130) 1245 

05-06 * < LOD .047 (.042-.056) .099 (.086-.113) .135 (.120-.160) 2808 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD .039 (.031-.049) .058 (.050-.071) .072 (.059-.089) 827 

20-59 years 01-02 * < LOD .080 (.050-.100) .130 (.090-.200) .200 (.140-.260) 950 

03-04 * < LOD .050 (.044-.061) .089 (.081-.097) .120 (.110-.130) 1245 

05-06 * < LOD .051 (.044-.065) .110 (.094-.120) .150 (.120-.180) 1380 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD .041 (.033-.055) .083 (.072-.110) .130 (.100-.150) 601 

Gender 

Males 01-02 * < LOD .080 (.050-.110) .140 (.100-.230) .220 (.140-.340) 445 

03-04 * < LOD .056 (.045-.068) .089 (.081-.100) .120 (.095-.150) 608 

05-06 * < LOD .052 (.043-.067) .110 (.096-.120) .142 (.120-.170) 1326 

Females 01-02 * < LOD .070 (.050-.100) .120 (.090-.180) .180 (.120-.260) 505 

03-04 * < LOD .048 (.040-.060) .090 (.074-.100) .110 (.097-.140) 637 

05-06 * < LOD .045 (.038-.052) .087 (.077-.100) .129 (.107-.150) 1482 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 * < LOD .050 (.030-.070) .090 (.070-.110) .120 (.090-.470) 225 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .049 (.033-.066) .062 (.048-.100) 241 

05-06 * < LOD .035 (<LOD-.047) .060 (.042-.092) .092 (.064-.110) 603 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 * .040 (<LOD-.080) .100 (.040-.180) .180 (.110-.350) .300 (.170-1.00) 192 

03-04 * < LOD .060 (.047-.077) .100 (.077-.130) .130 (.110-.160) 264 

05-06 * < LOD .056 (.047-.064) .100 (.079-.120) .145 (.115-.180) 781 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 * .030 (<LOD-.050) .080 (.050-.110) .130 (.090-.210) .200 (.130-.260) 462 

03-04 * < LOD .056 (.046-.067) .096 (.083-.110) .130 (.110-.140) 646 

05-06 * < LOD .049 (.043-.058) .103 (.087-.120) .140 (.120-.174) 1217 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.03, 0.03, and 0.03 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Styrene_BiomonitoringSummary.html

303 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Tetrachloroethene (Perchloroethylene) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 * < LOD .050 (<LOD-.060) .100 (.070-.150) .190 (.130-.260) 978 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .076 (.060-.097) .140 (.091-.300) 1317 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .070 (.056-.088) .126 (.098-.170) 2940 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD .049 (<LOD-.062) .079 (.057-.106) 865 

20-59 years 01-02 * < LOD .050 (<LOD-.060) .100 (.070-.150) .190 (.130-.260) 978 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .076 (.060-.097) .140 (.091-.300) 1317 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .074 (.056-.100) .130 (.098-.199) 1458 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD .071 (.054-.092) .113 (.092-.190) 617 

Gender 

Males 01-02 * < LOD .050 (<LOD-.060) .110 (.070-.170) .210 (.170-.340) 457 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .082 (.060-.140) .230 (.097-.410) 639 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .085 (.062-.126) .172 (.113-.300) 1404 

Females 01-02 * < LOD .050 (<LOD-.060) .100 (.070-.140) .150 (.100-.220) 521 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .069 (.050-.091) .120 (.085-.180) 678 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .056 (.049-.071) .090 (.070-.130) 1536 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 * < LOD < LOD .060 (<LOD-.070) .070 (.060-.230) 226 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .049 (<LOD-.097) .100 (.054-.180) 248 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .069 (.056-.074) .130 (.073-.284) 713 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 * < LOD < LOD .070 (.050-.110) .110 (.060-.190) 195 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .086 (.050-.220) .220 (.082-.360) 284 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .074 (.057-.112) .120 (.069-.280) 776 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 * < LOD .050 (<LOD-.070) .110 (.090-.170) .210 (.150-.260) 487 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .072 (.060-.091) .140 (.085-.330) 686 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD .070 (.053-.090) .130 (.092-.180) 1229 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.048, 0.048, and 0.048 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/HalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

304 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Tetrachloromethane (Carbon tetrachloride) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 * < LOD .010 (<LOD-.010) .010 (<LOD-.140) .020 (.010-.050) 742 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1362 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 2979 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 882 

20-59 years 01-02 * < LOD .010 (<LOD-.010) .010 (<LOD-.140) .020 (.010-.050) 742 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1362 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1476 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 621 

Gender 

Males 01-02 * < LOD .010 (<LOD-.010) .010 (<LOD-.140) .010 (.010-.040) 364 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 667 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1419 

Females 01-02 * < LOD .010 (<LOD-.010) .010 (<LOD-.090) .040 (.010-.080) 378 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 695 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1560 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 * < LOD < LOD .010 (<LOD-.750) .020 (.010-.050) 193 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 266 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 740 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 * < LOD .010 (<LOD-.010) .010 (<LOD-.020) .010 (<LOD-.020) 132 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 299 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 779 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 * < LOD .010 (<LOD-.010) .010 (<LOD-.140) .030 (.010-.080) 366 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 692 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1237 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.01, 0.005, and 0.005 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/OtherHalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

305 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Toluene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 .156 (.122-.198) .160 (.120-.220) .340 (.260-.430) .670 (.480-.950) 1.06 (.700-1.43) 954 

03-04 .114 (.100-.129) .096 (.087-.110) .220 (.180-.260) .430 (.380-.550) .680 (.560-.880) 1336 

05-06 .137 (.123-.152) .120 (.110-.130) .230 (.200-.262) .550 (.481-.640) .814 (.702-.937) 3050 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 .110 (.098-.122) .100 (.094-.120) .170 (.150-.180) .280 (.240-.310) .400 (.300-.610) 907 

20-59 years 01-02 .156 (.122-.198) .160 (.120-.220) .340 (.260-.430) .670 (.480-.950) 1.06 (.700-1.43) 954 

03-04 .114 (.100-.129) .096 (.087-.110) .220 (.180-.260) .430 (.380-.550) .680 (.560-.880) 1336 

05-06 .147 (.133-.163) .120 (.110-.137) .260 (.210-.340) .594 (.505-.720) .900 (.730-1.10) 1505 

60 years and older 05-06 .124 (.100-.154) .114 (.097-.138) .190 (.167-.230) .520 (.370-.600) .720 (.600-.814) 638 

Gender 

Males 01-02 .165 (.130-.209) .170 (.120-.230) .360 (.260-.520) .780 (.580-1.06) 1.22 (.850-1.43) 450 

03-04 .128 (.112-.148) .110 (.096-.130) .250 (.190-.310) .500 (.380-.660) .730 (.590-1.10) 647 

05-06 .152 (.139-.166) .130 (.120-.140) .280 (.240-.330) .640 (.550-.720) .920 (.790-1.10) 1441 

Females 01-02 .147 (.114-.190) .150 (.110-.220) .320 (.240-.390) .550 (.400-.740) .810 (.530-1.63) 504 

03-04 .101 (.086-.118) .085 (.070-.100) .190 (.150-.230) .410 (.340-.500) .580 (.480-.750) 689 

05-06 .124 (.107-.144) .110 (.097-.130) .190 (.170-.230) .470 (.380-.550) .690 (.550-.880) 1609 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 .136 (.106-.176) .140 (.080-.210) .270 (.210-.340) .550 (.400-.980) .990 (.500-1.30) 219 

03-04 .084 (.074-.096) .076 (.064-.091) .120 (.100-.170) .280 (.170-.410) .400 (.310-.620) 253 

05-06 .110 (.097-.125) .110 (.096-.120) .160 (.140-.170) .240 (.220-.290) .340 (.290-.460) 737 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 .137 (.089-.210) .150 (.070-.200) .310 (.200-.460) .690 (.390-1.19) 1.15 (.660-1.69) 194 

03-04 .105 (.077-.144) .095 (.070-.130) .200 (.130-.330) .440 (.290-.620) .620 (.480-.710) 297 

05-06 .139 (.120-.161) .120 (.099-.140) .230 (.190-.290) .450 (.370-.550) .670 (.550-.830) 796 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 .165 (.125-.217) .170 (.120-.240) .350 (.270-.450) .710 (.450-1.12) 1.14 (.710-1.63) 467 

03-04 .123 (.110-.139) .100 (.092-.120) .240 (.210-.280) .500 (.400-.590) .750 (.590-.940) 685 

05-06 .144 (.125-.166) .130 (.110-.140) .260 (.210-.330) .600 (.510-.710) .880 (.760-.990) 1291 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.025, 0.025, and 0.025 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Toluene_BiomonitoringSummary.html

306 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood Trichloroethene (Trichloroethylene) 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 922 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1228 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 3178 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 937 

20-59 years 01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 922 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1228 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1562 

60 years and older 05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 679 

Gender 

Males 01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 434 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 604 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1504 

Females 01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 488 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 624 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1674 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 228 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 224 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 773 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 191 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 266 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 828 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 441 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 644 

05-06 * < LOD < LOD < LOD < LOD 1341 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.012, 0.012, and 0.012 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/HalogenatedSolvents_BiomonitoringSummary.html

307 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood m- and p-Xylene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 .156 (.124-.198) .150 (.110-.200) .280 (.190-.430) .500 (.370-.690) .670 (.500-.890) 962 

03-04 .136 (.123-.150) .130 (.120-.150) .200 (.190-.210) .280 (.260-.300) .340 (.310-.400) 1346 

05-06 .132 (.122-.143) .120 (.110-.130) .190 (.170-.210) .301 (.270-.330) .410 (.360-.450) 3133 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 .118 (.106-.130) .120 (.110-.120) .160 (.150-.170) .220 (.190-.270) .330 (.240-.380) 923 

20-59 years 01-02 .156 (.124-.198) .150 (.110-.200) .280 (.190-.430) .500 (.370-.690) .670 (.500-.890) 962 

03-04 .136 (.123-.150) .130 (.120-.150) .200 (.190-.210) .280 (.260-.300) .340 (.310-.400) 1346 

05-06 .137 (.127-.147) .130 (.120-.140) .200 (.180-.220) .320 (.280-.350) .430 (.360-.480) 1542 

60 years and older 05-06 .126 (.112-.142) .120 (.100-.130) .184 (.150-.220) .303 (.240-.360) .400 (.335-.463) 668 

Gender 

Males 01-02 .155 (.121-.200) .140 (.110-.190) .280 (.180-.440) .510 (.350-.700) .700 (.500-.890) 455 

03-04 .149 (.134-.166) .140 (.130-.170) .220 (.200-.230) .290 (.270-.320) .380 (.300-.490) 654 

05-06 .145 (.135-.157) .130 (.130-.147) .220 (.190-.240) .340 (.310-.370) .460 (.430-.490) 1480 

Females 01-02 .157 (.124-.199) .150 (.110-.220) .270 (.190-.410) .480 (.360-.650) .650 (.460-.890) 507 

03-04 .124 (.112-.138) .130 (.110-.140) .180 (.160-.200) .270 (.240-.300) .340 (.290-.390) 692 

05-06 .120 (.109-.132) .110 (.100-.123) .170 (.151-.197) .260 (.220-.320) .340 (.300-.420) 1653 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 .134 (.097-.184) .130 (.090-.180) .240 (.150-.370) .400 (.290-.540) .540 (.380-1.10) 223 

03-04 .132 (.109-.160) .120 (.110-.150) .180 (.140-.230) .250 (.220-.320) .360 (.260-.490) 257 

05-06 .108 (.093-.125) .110 (.098-.120) .150 (.130-.170) .220 (.170-.290) .270 (.220-.370) 755 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 .147 (.107-.202) .140 (.090-.220) .280 (.160-.460) .470 (.330-.850) .590 (.420-1.08) 198 

03-04 .117 (.094-.146) .120 (.099-.140) .170 (.140-.220) .270 (.210-.330) .330 (.260-.450) 297 

05-06 .131 (.120-.144) .120 (.110-.140) .190 (.170-.210) .280 (.250-.320) .350 (.320-.392) 823 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 .163 (.124-.214) .160 (.110-.220) .300 (.190-.480) .520 (.370-.740) .700 (.510-.960) 468 

03-04 .141 (.128-.155) .140 (.130-.150) .210 (.190-.220) .290 (.270-.310) .350 (.330-.400) 690 

05-06 .136 (.125-.147) .130 (.120-.140) .200 (.180-.220) .324 (.280-.350) .430 (.368-.480) 1323 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.034, 0.034, and 0.034 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Xylenes_BiomonitoringSummary.html

308 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Blood o-Xylene 

Geometric mean and selected percentiles of whole blood concentrations (in ng/mL) for the U.S. population from the National 

Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 

Geometric Selected percentiles 

Survey mean ( 95% confidence interval) Sample 

years (95% conf. interval) 50th 75th 90th 95th size 

Total 01-02 * < LOD .070 (.050-.080) .100 (.080-.130) .130 (.110-.180) 981 

03-04 * < LOD .051 (<LOD-.057) .072 (.066-.079) .090 (.081-.097) 1365 

05-06 .037 (.034-.040) .035 (.032-.039) .053 (.047-.061) .083 (.072-.094) .110 (.094-.120) 3153 

Age group 

12-19 years 05-06 .032 (.030-.034) .031 (.029-.034) .044 (.040-.049) .062 (.053-.075) .088 (.072-.100) 929 

20-59 years 01-02 * < LOD .070 (.050-.080) .100 (.080-.130) .130 (.110-.180) 981 

03-04 * < LOD .051 (<LOD-.057) .072 (.066-.079) .090 (.081-.097) 1365 

05-06 .038 (.034-.041) .036 (.032-.039) .055 (.048-.062) .083 (.073-.094) .110 (.093-.120) 1547 

60 years and older 05-06 .038 (.033-.044) .036 (.032-.042) .054 (.046-.065) .092 (.065-.115) .115 (.094-.150) 677 

Gender 

Males 01-02 * < LOD .070 (.050-.090) .110 (.080-.140) .150 (.110-.180) 465 

03-04 * < LOD .057 (.050-.060) .074 (.068-.084) .096 (.084-.110) 667 

05-06 .040 (.036-.045) .038 (.033-.041) .058 (.050-.070) .092 (.082-.100) .120 (.100-.140) 1487 

Females 01-02 * < LOD .060 (.050-.080) .100 (.070-.130) .120 (.100-.180) 516 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .067 (.059-.076) .085 (.074-.095) 698 

05-06 .034 (.032-.037) .034 (.031-.036) .049 (.044-.054) .072 (.060-.086) .094 (.078-.110) 1666 

Race/ethnicity 

Mexican Americans 01-02 * < LOD .060 (<LOD-.080) .090 (.080-.110) .120 (.090-.270) 227 

03-04 * < LOD .052 (<LOD-.067) .074 (.067-.080) .100 (.075-.130) 265 

05-06 .030 (.027-.033) .029 (.026-.031) .040 (.036-.045) .057 (.050-.069) .079 (.062-.097) 777 

Non-Hispanic blacks 01-02 * < LOD .050 (<LOD-.070) .100 (.080-.110) .110 (.100-.160) 197 

03-04 * < LOD < LOD .065 (.055-.078) .084 (.068-.100) 301 

05-06 .035 (.033-.038) .034 (.031-.038) .049 (.045-.054) .073 (.064-.077) .088 (.078-.100) 824 

Non-Hispanic whites 01-02 * < LOD .070 (.050-.090) .110 (.080-.140) .140 (.110-.180) 483 

03-04 * < LOD .052 (<LOD-.058) .073 (.066-.082) .090 (.081-.100) 694 

05-06 .039 (.035-.043) .037 (.033-.041) .056 (.049-.064) .087 (.074-.100) .110 (.096-.130) 1319 

Limit of detection (LOD, see Data Analysis section) for Survey years 01-02, 03-04, and 05-06 are 0.049, 0.049, and 0.024 respectively. 

< LOD means less than the limit of detection, which may vary for some chemicals by year and by individual sample. 

* Not calculated: proportion of results below limit of detection was too high to provide a valid result. 

Biomonitoring Summary: http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Xylenes_BiomonitoringSummary.html

309 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 

Appendix C. References for Biomonitoring Analytical Methods 

Tobacco Smoke

Cotinine 

Bernert JT, McGuffey JE, Morrison MA, Pirkle JL. Comparison of serum and salivary cotinine 

measurements by a sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry 

method as an indicator of exposure to tobacco smoke among smokers and nonsmokers. J Anal 

Toxicol 2000;24:333-9.

Bernert JT, Turner WE, Pirkle JL, Sosnoff CS, Akins JR, Waldrep MK, et al. Development and 

validation of a sensitive measurement of serum cotinine in both smokers and nonsmokers by 

liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Clin Chem 

1997;43:2281-91.

 NNAL

Xia Y, Bernert JT. Stability of the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-

pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) in urine samples stored at various temperatures. J Anal Toxicol 

2010:34:411-5.

Xia Y, McGuffey JE, Bhattacharyya S, Sellergren B, Yilmaz E, Wang L, et al. Analysis of the 

tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol in urine by 

extraction on a molecularly imprinted polymer column and liquid chromatography/ 

atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chem. 2005;77(23):7639-45.

Environmental Phenols

Ye X, Kuklenyik Z, Needham LL, Calafat AM. Automated on-line column-switching HPLCMS/MS method with peak focusing for the determination of nine environmental phenols in urine. 

Anal Chem 2005;77:5407-13.

Fungicides and Metabolites 

Bravo R, Caltabiano LM, Fernandez C, Smith KD, Gallegos M, Whitehead RD, et al. 

Quantification of phenolic metabolites of environmental chemicals in human urine using gas 

chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and isotope dilution quantification. J Chromatog B 

2005;820(2):229-36.

Hill RH Jr, Shealy DB, Head SL, Williams CC, Bailey SL, Gregg M, et al. Determination of 

pesticide metabolites in human urine using isotope dilution technique and tandem mass 

spectrometry. J Anal Toxicol 1995;19(5):323-9.

Montesano MA, Olsson AO, Kuklenyik P, Needham LL, Bradman AS, Barr DB. Method for 

determination of acephate, methamidophos, omethoate, dimethoate, ethylenethiourea and 

propylenethiourea in human urine using high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric 

pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 

2007;17(4):321-30. 

310 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 

Herbicides and Metabolites 

2,4-Dichlorophenol 

Ye X, Kuklenyik Z, Needham LL, Calafat AM. Automated on-line column-switching HPLCMS/MS method with peak focusing for the determination of nine environmental phenols in urine. 

Anal Chem 2005;77:5407-13.

2,4-D and 2,4,5-T 

Olsson AO, Baker SE, Nguyen JV, Romanoff LC, Udunka SO, Walker RD, et al. A liquid 

chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry multiresidue method for quantification of specific 

metabolites of organophosphorus pesticides, synthetic pyrethroids, selected herbicides, and DEET 

in human urine. Anal Chem 2004;76(9):2453-61.

Sulfonylurea Herbicides 

Nguyen JV, Olsson AO, Bravo R, Needham LL, Barr DB. Quantification of atrazine, phenylurea, 

and sulfonylurea herbicide metabolites in urine by high-performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry. J Anal Toxicol. 2007;31(4):181-6.

Baker SE, Olsson AO, Needham LL, Barr DB.High-performance liquid chromatography-tandem 

mass spectrometry method for quantifying sulfonylurea herbicides in human urine: reconsidering 

the validation process. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 383:963-76. 

Insecticides and Pesticides

Carbamate Metabolites 

Bravo R, Caltabiano LM, Fernandez C, Smith KD, Gallegos M, Whitehead RD, et al. 

Quantification of phenolic metabolites of environmental chemicals in human urine using gas 

chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and isotope dilution quantification. J Chromatog B 

2005;820(2):229-36.

Hill RH Jr, Shealy DB, Head SL, Williams CC, Bailey SL, Gregg M, et al. Determination of 

pesticide metabolites in human urine using isotope dilution technique and tandem mass 

spectrometry. J Anal Toxicol 1995;19(5):323-9.

Organochlorine Pesticides and Metabolites (2,4,5- and 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol) 

Ye X, Kuklenyik Z, Needham LL, Calafat AM. Automated on-line column-switching HPLCMS/MS method with peak focusing for the determination of nine environmental phenols in urine. 

Anal Chem 2005;77:5407-13.

Other Pesticide Metabolites (2,5-Dichlorophenol)

Ye X, Kuklenyik Z, Needham LL, Calafat AM. Automated on-line column-switching HPLCMS/MS method with peak focusing for the determination of nine environmental phenols in urine. 

Anal Chem 2005;77:5407-13.

311 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 

Organophosphorus Insecticides: Specific Metabolites 

Montesano MA, Olsson AO, Kuklenyik P, Needham LL, Bradman AS, Barr DB. Method for 

determination of acephate, methamidophos, omethoate, dimethoate, ethylenethiourea and 

propylenethiourea in human urine using high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric 

pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol. 2007; 

17(4):321-30. 

Organophosphorus Insecticides: Dialkyl Phosphate Metabolites 

Bravo R, Caltabiano LM, Weerasekera G, Whitehead RD, Fernandez C, Needham LL, et al. 

Measurement of dialkyl phosphate metabolites of organophosphorus pesticides in human urine 

using lyophilization with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and isotope dilution 

quantification. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 2004;14:249-59. 

Bravo R, Driskell WJ, Whitehead RD Jr, Needham LL, Barr DB. Quantitation of dialkyl 

phosphate metabolites of organophosphate pesticides in human urine using GC-MS-MS with 

isotopic internal standards. J Anal Toxicol 2002;26:245-52.

Metals and Metalloids 

Caldwell KL, Hartel J, Jarrett J, Jones RL. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to 

measure multiple toxic elements in urine in NHANES 1999-2000. Atomic Spectroscopy. 

2005;26(1):1-7.

Chen HP, Paschal DC, Miller DT, Morrow JC. Determination of total and inorganic mercury in 

whole blood by on-line digestion with flow injection. Atomic Spectroscopy 1998;19:176-9.

Jarrett JM, Jones RL, Caldwell KL, Verdon CP. Total urine arsenic measurements using 

inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with a dynamic reaction cell. Atomic 

Spectroscopy 2007;28(4):113-22.

Miller, DT, Paschal DC, Gunter EW, Stroud PE, D’Angelo J. Determination of lead in blood 

using electrothermal atomization atomic absorption spectrometry with a L’vov platform and 

matrix modifier. Analyst 1987;112:1701-4.

Paschal DC, Ting BG, Morrow JC, Pirkle JL, Jackson RJ, Sampson EJ, et al. Trace metals in 

urine of United States residents: reference range concentrations. Environ Res 1998;76:53-9.

Stoeppler M, Brandt K. Determination of cadmium in whole blood and urine by electrothermal 

atomic-absorption spectrophotometry. Fresnius A Anal Chem 1980;300:372-80.

Verdon CP, Caldwell KL, Fresques MR, Jones RL. Determination of seven arsenic compounds in 

urine by HPLC-ICP-DRC-MS: a CDC population biomonitoring method. Anal Bioanal Chem 

2008;393(3):939-47.

Parabens 

Ye X, Kuklenyik Z, Bishop AM, Needham LL, Calafat AM. Quantification of the urinary 

concentrations of parabens in humans by on-line solid phase extraction-high performance liquid 

chromatography–isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B 2006;844:53-9.

312 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 

Perchlorate and Other Anions 

Valentin-Blasini L, Blount BC, Delinsky A. Quantification of iodide and sodium-iodide 

symporter inhibitors in human urine using ion chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J 

Chrom A 2007;1155(1):40-6.

Valentin-Blasini L, Mauldin JP, Maple D and Blount BC. Analysis of perchlorate in human urine 

using ion chromatography and electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 

2005;77(8):2475-81. 

Perfluorinated Compounds

Kuklenyik Z, Needham LL, Calafat AM. Measurement of 18 Perfluorinated Organic Acids and 

Amides in Human Serum Using On-Line Solid-Phase Extraction. Anal Chem 2005;77:6085-91.

Kuklenyik Z, Reich JA, Tully JS, Needham LL, Calafat AM. Automated solid phase extraction 

and measurement of perfluorinated organic acids and amides in human serum and milk. Environ 

Sci Technol 2004;38:3698-704.

Phthalate Metabolites 

Silva MJ, Samandar E, Preau JL, Reidy JA, Needham LL, Calafat AM. Quantification of 22 

phthalate metabolites in human urine. J Chromatogr B 2007;860:106-12.

Kato K, Silva MJ, Needham LL, Calafat AM. Determination of 16 Phthalate Metabolites in Urine 

Using Automated Sample Preparation and On-line Preconcentration/High-Performance Liquid 

Chromatography/Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2005;77(9):2985-91. 

Silva MJ, Slakman AR, Reidy JA, Preau JLJ, Herbert AR, Samandar E, et al. Analysis of human 

urine for 15 phthalate metabolites using automated solid-phase extraction. J Chromatog B 

2004;805:161-7.

Silva MJ, Malek NA, Hodge CC, Reidy JA, Kato K, Barr DB, et al. Improved quantitative 

detection of 11 urinary phthalate metabolites in humans using liquid chromatographyatmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatog B 

2003;789:393-404.

Blount BC, Milgram KE, Silva M, Malek N, Reidy J, Needham LL, et al. Quantitative detection 

of eight phthalate metabolites in human urine using HPLC-APCI-MS/MS. Anal Chem 

2000;72:4127-34.

Phytoestrogens and Metabolites 

Parker DL, Rybak ME, Pfeiffer CM. Phytoestrogen biomonitoring: an extractionless LC-MS/MS 

method for measuring urinary isoflavones and lignans by use of atmospheric pressure 

photoionization (APPI). Anal Bioanal Chem 2012;402:1123-1136. (NHANES 2005-2006) 

Rybak ME, Parker DL, Pfeiffer CM. Determination of urinary phytoestrogens by HPLC–MS/MS: 

A comparison of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray ionization 

(ESI). J Chromatogr R 2008;861:145-150. (NHANES 2003-2004) 

313 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
 

Valentin-Blasini L, Blount BC, Rogers HS, Needham LL. HPLC-MS/MS method for the 

measurement of seven phytoestrogens in human serum and urine. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 

2000;10:799-807. (NHANES 2001-2002) 

Kuklenyik Z, Ye X, Reich JA, Needham LL, Calafat AM. Automated on-line and off-line solid 

phase extraction methods for measuring isoflavones and lignans in urine. J Chromatogr Sci 2004; 

42:495-500. (NHANES 1999-2000) 

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolites

Li Z, Romanoff LC, Trinidad DA, Hussain N, Jones RS, Porter EN, et al. Measurement of 

urinary Monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using automated liquid-liquid extraction 

and gas chromatorgraphy/isotope dilution high-resolution mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 

2006;78:5744-51. 

Volatile Organic Compounds, including Disinfection By-Products

Chambers DM, Blount BC, McElprang DO, Waterhouse MG, Morrow J. Picogram measurement 

of volatile n-alkanes (n-hexane through n-dodecane) in blood using solid-phase microextraction 

to assess nonoccupational petroleum-based fuel exposure. Anal Chem 2008;80(12): 4666-74. 

Chambers DM, McElprang DO, Waterhouse MG, and Blount BC. An improved approach for 

accurate quantitation of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and styrene in blood. Anal 

Chem 2006;78 (15): 5375-83.

Bonin MA, Silva LK, Smith MM, Ashley DL and Blount BC. Measurement of trihalomethanes 

and methyl tert-butyl ether in whole blood using gas chromatography with high-resolution mass 

spectrometry. J Anal Toxicol 2005;29(2):81-9. 

Chambers DM, McElprang DO, Mauldin JP, Hughes TM and Blount BC. Identification and 

elimination of polysiloxane curing agent interference encountered in the quantification of lowpicogram per milliliter methyl tert-butyl ether in blood by solid-phase microextraction headspace 

analysis. Anal Chem 2005;77 (9): 2912-9. 

Alwis KU, Blount BC, Silva LK, Smith MM, Loose KH. Method for quantifying nitromethane 

in blood as a potential biomarker of halonitromethane exposure. Environ Sci Technol 2008;42 

(7): 2522-7.

314 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chemical Matrix Units 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2005-2006 2007-2008 2009-2010

Tobacco Smoke

Cotinine serum ng/mL 0.05 0.05 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.015

NNAL urine pg/mL 1.0 0.6

Disinfection By-Products

 Bromodichloromethane blood pg/mL 0.233 0.62 0.62

 Dibromochloromethane blood pg/mL 0.271 0.62 0.62

 Tribromomethane (Bromoform) blood pg/mL 0.596 1.5 1.0

 Trichloromethane (Chloroform) blood pg/mL 2.37 2.11 2.1

Environmental Phenols

 Benzophenone-3 urine μg/L 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4

 Bisphenol A urine μg/L 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

 4-tert -Octylphenol urine μg/L 0.2 0.2 0.2

 Triclosan urine μg/L 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3

Fungicides and Metabolites

ortho- Phenylphenol urine μg/L 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

Ethylene thiourea urine μg/L 0.1 0.24

Pentachlorophenol urine μg/L 0.5

Propylene thiourea urine μg/L 0.1 0.37

Herbicides and Metabolites

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid urine μg/L 0.89 0.2 0.1

2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic acid urine μg/L 1.1 0.1 0.1

Sulfonlyurea Herbicides

 Bensulfuron-methyl urine μg/L 0.05 0.05 0.05

 Chlorsulfuron urine μg/L 0.06 0.06 0.06

 Ethametsulfuron-methyl urine μg/L 0.1 0.1 0.1

 Foramsulfuron urine μg/L 0.05 0.05 0.05

 Halosulfuron urine μg/L 0.1 0.1 0.1

 Mesosulfuron-methyl urine μg/L 0.06 0.06 0.06

 Metsulfuron-methyl urine μg/L 0.05 0.05 0.05

 Nicosulfuron urine μg/L 0.1 0.1 0.1

 Oxasulfuron urine μg/L 0.06 0.06 0.06

 Primisulfuron-methyl urine μg/L 0.07 0.07 0.07

 Prosulfuron urine μg/L 0.05 0.05 0.05

 Rimsulfuron urine μg/L 0.05 0.05 0.05

 Sulfometuron-methyl urine μg/L 0.05 0.05 0.05

 Sulfosulfuron urine μg/L 0.1 0.1 0.1

 Thifensulfuron-methyl urine μg/L 0.08 0.08 0.08

 Triasulfuron urine μg/L 0.07 0.07 0.07

 Triflusulfuron-methyl urine μg/L 0.05 0.05 0.05

Insecticides and Metabolites

    Carbamate Metabolites

Carbofuranphenol urine μg/L 0.4 0.4 0.4

 2-isopropoxyphenol urine μg/L 1.1 0.4 0.4

 Organochlorine Pesticides and 

 Metabolites

2,4,5-Trichlorophenol urine μg/L 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol urine μg/L 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

 Other Pesticides and Metabolites

2,4-Dichlorophenol urine μg/L 0.17 0.2 0.2 0.2

2,5-Dichlorophenol urine μg/L 0.12 0.2 0.2 0.2

 Organophosphorus Insecticides:

 Specific Metabolites

 Acephate urine μg/L 0.1 0.25

 Dimethoate urine μg/L 0.1 0.25

 Methamidophos urine μg/L 0.1 0.37

 Omethoate urine μg/L 0.1 0.14

 Organophosphorus Insecticides: 

 Dialkyl Phosphate Metabolites

 Diethylphosphate (DEP) urine μg/L 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.37

 Dimethylphosphate (DMP) urine μg/L 0.58 0.5 0.5 0.47

 Diethylthiophosphate (DETP) urine μg/L 0.09 0.1 0.2 0.56

 Dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP) urine μg/L 0.18 0.4 0.5 0.55

 Diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP) urine μg/L 0.05 0.1 0.1 0.39

 Dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP) urine μg/L 0.08 0.1 0.1 0.51

Appendix D. Limit of Detection Table 

The analytical limit of detection (LOD) for each of the different chemical measurements is presented in the table below. The LOD is the 

level at which the measurement has a 95% probability of being greater than zero (Taylor, 1987). As analytical methods improve, LODs 

will often change. For this reason, LOD results are reported by survey periods (e.g., 1999-2000, 2001-2002, 2003-2004, 2005-2006, 

2007-2008, 2009-2010).

Reference: Taylor JK. Quality Assurance of Chemical Measurements. Chelsea (MI): Lewis Publishing. 1987.

315 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chemical Matrix Units 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2005-2006 2007-2008 2009-2010

Appendix D. Limit of Detection Table 

The analytical limit of detection (LOD) for each of the different chemical measurements is presented in the table below. The LOD is the 

level at which the measurement has a 95% probability of being greater than zero (Taylor, 1987). As analytical methods improve, LODs 

will often change. For this reason, LOD results are reported by survey periods (e.g., 1999-2000, 2001-2002, 2003-2004, 2005-2006, 

2007-2008, 2009-2010).

Reference: Taylor JK. Quality Assurance of Chemical Measurements. Chelsea (MI): Lewis Publishing. 1987.

Metals and Metalloids

 Antimony urine μg/L 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.032 0.032 0.032

 Arsenic, Total urine μg/L 0.74 0.74 0.74 0.74

 Arsenic (V) Acid urine μg As/L 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

 Arsenobetaine urine μg As/L 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

 Arsenocholine urine μg As/L 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

 Arsenous (III) Acid urine μg As/L 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

 Dimethylarsinic Acid urine μg As/L 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7

 Monomethylarsonic Acid urine μg As/L 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9

 Trimethylarsine oxide urine μg As/L 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

 Barium urine μg/L 0.12 0.12 0.31 0.12 0.12 0.12

 Beryllium urine μg/L 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.072 0.072 0.072

 Cadmium blood μg/L 0.3 0.3 0.14 0.2 0.2 0.2

 Cadmium urine μg/L 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.042 0.042 0.042

 Cesium urine μg/L 0.14 0.14 0.2 0.066 0.066 0.066

 Cobalt urine μg/L 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.041 0.041 0.041

 Lead blood μg/dL 0.3 0.3 0.28 0.25 0.25 0.25

 Lead urine μg/L 0.1 0.1 0.33 0.1 0.1 0.1

 Mercury, Inorganic blood μg/L 0.42 0.4 0.35 0.35

 Mercury, Total blood μg/L 0.2 0.33 0.33 0.33

 Mercury urine μg/L 0.14 0.11 0.08 0.08

 Molybdenum urine μg/L 0.8 0.8 1.5 0.92 0.92 0.92

 Platinum urine μg/L 0.04 0.04 0.07 0.009 0.009 0.009

 Thallium urine μg/L 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.015 0.015 0.015

 Tungsten urine μg/L 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.021 0.021 0.021

 Uranium urine μg/L 0.004 0.004 0.005 0.002 0.002 0.0017

Parabens

 Butyl paraben urine μg/L 0.2 0.2 0.2

 Ethyl paraben urine μg/L 1.0 1.0 1.0

 Methyl paraben urine μg/L 1.0 1.0 1.0

 n -Propyl paraben urine μg/L 0.2 0.2 0.2

Perchlorate and Other Anions

 Nitrate urine mg/L 0.7 0.7 0.7

 Perchlorate urine μg/L 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05

 Thiocynanate urine mg/L 0.02 0.02 0.02

Perfluorinated Compounds

 Perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBuS) serum μg/L 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1

 Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDeA) serum μg/L 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1

 Perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA) serum μg/L 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.1

 Perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA) serum μg/L 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.1

 Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) serum μg/L 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1

 Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) serum μg/L 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

 Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) serum μg/L 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

 Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) serum μg/L 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2

 Perfluorooctane sulfonamide (PFOSA) serum μg/L 0.05 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

 2-(N-Ethyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido) 

 acetic acid (Et-PFOSA-AcOH) serum μg/L 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1

 2-(N-Methyl-perfluorooctane sulfonamido) 

 acetic acid (Me-PFOSA-AcOH) serum μg/L 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1

 Perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUA) serum μg/L 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1

Phthalate Metabolites

 Mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) urine μg/L 0.576 0.216 0.072 0.216 0.216 0.216

 Mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP) urine μg/L 1.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

 Mono-n -butyl phthalate (MnBP) urine μg/L 0.9 1.1 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.4

 Mono-cyclohexyl phthalate (MCHP) urine μg/L 1.81 0.603 0.402 0.603 0.603 0.402

 Mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) urine μg/L 0.792 0.594 0.264 0.528 0.462 0.396

 Mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) urine μg/L 1.2 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.1 0.5

 Mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate 

 (MEHHP) urine μg/L 1.0 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.2

 Mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate

 (MEOHP) urine μg/L 1.1 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.2

 Mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate 

 (MECPP) urine μg/L 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.2

 Mono-(carboxynonyl) phthalate (MCNP) urine μg/L 0.6 0.5 0.2

 Mono-isononyl phthalate (MiNP) urine μg/L 1.23 1.23 1.54 1.23 1.23 0.77

 Mono-(carboxyoctyl) phthalate (MCOP) urine μg/L 0.7 0.7 0.2

 Mono-methyl phthalate (MMP) urine μg/L 0.2 1.0 1.1 1.1 0.5

 Mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate 

 (MCPP) urine μg/L 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

 Mono-n -octyl phthalate (MOP) urine μg/L 1.51 1.68 1.68 1.85 1.85 0.84

316 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Chemical Matrix Units 1999-2000 2001-2002 2003-2004 2005-2006 2007-2008 2009-2010

Appendix D. Limit of Detection Table 

The analytical limit of detection (LOD) for each of the different chemical measurements is presented in the table below. The LOD is the 

level at which the measurement has a 95% probability of being greater than zero (Taylor, 1987). As analytical methods improve, LODs 

will often change. For this reason, LOD results are reported by survey periods (e.g., 1999-2000, 2001-2002, 2003-2004, 2005-2006, 

2007-2008, 2009-2010).

Reference: Taylor JK. Quality Assurance of Chemical Measurements. Chelsea (MI): Lewis Publishing. 1987.

Phytoestrogens and Metabolites

 Urinary Daidzein urine μg/L 0.5 1.6 0.3 0.4 0.4

 Urinary Enterodiol urine μg/L 0.8 1.5 0.3 0.04 0.04

 Urinary Enterolactone urine μg/L 0.6 1.9 0.3 0.1 0.1

 Urinary Equol urine μg/L 3.0 3.3 0.3 0.06 0.06

 Urinary Genistein urine μg/L 0.3 0.8 0.3 1.0 1.0

 Urinary O-Desmethylangolensin urine μg/L 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolites

 2-Hydroxyfluorene urine ng/L 5.0 5.0 5.0

 3-Hydroxyfluorene urine ng/L 2.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

 9-Hydroxyfluorene urine ng/L 5.0 5.0 5.0

 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene urine ng/L 3.5 5.0 5.0 5.0

 2-Hydroxyphenanthrene urine ng/L 3.2 5.0 5.0 5.0

 3-Hydroxyphenanthrene urine ng/L 3.6 5.0 5.0 5.0

 4-Hydroxyphenanthrene urine ng/L 5.0 5.0

 1-Hydroxypyrene urine ng/L 5.0 5.0 5.0

 1-Hydroxynaphthalene (1-Naphthol) urine ng/L 46.7 47.9 44.7

 2-Hydroxynaphthalene (2-Naphthol) urine ng/L 2.4 31.1 13.2 42.0

Volatile Organic Compounds

 1,1,1-Trichloroethane (Methyl chloroform) blood ng/mL 0.048 0.01

 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane blood ng/mL 0.05 0.01

 1,1,2-Trichloroethane blood ng/mL 0.01 0.01

 1,1-Dichloroethane blood ng/mL 0.01 0.01

 1,1-Dichloroethene (Vinylidene chloride) blood ng/mL 0.009 0.009

 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) blood ng/mL 0.1 0.1

 1,2-Dichlorobenzene blood ng/mL 0.1 0.1

 1,2-Dichloroethane (Ethylene dichloride) blood ng/mL 0.01 0.01

 cis -1,2-Dichloroethene blood ng/mL 0.01 0.01

 trans -1,2-Dichloroethene blood ng/mL 0.01 0.01

 1,2-Dichloropropane blood ng/mL 0.008 0.008

 1,3-Dichlorobenzene blood ng/mL 0.05 0.05

 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (Paradichlorobenzene) blood ng/mL 0.12 0.12 0.011

 2,5-Dimethylfuran blood ng/mL 0.012 0.011

 Benzene blood ng/mL 0.024 0.024 0.024

 Chlorobenzene blood ng/mL 0.011 0.011

 Dibromomethane blood ng/mL 0.03 0.03

 Dichloromethane (Methylene chloride) blood ng/mL 0.07 0.25

 Ethylbenzene blood ng/mL 0.024 0.024 0.024

 Hexachloroethane blood ng/mL 0.011 0.011

 Methyl-tert -butyl ether (MTBE) blood pg/mL 0.232 2.0 1.4

 Nitrobenzene blood ng/mL 0.3 0.3

 Styrene blood ng/mL 0.03 0.03 0.03

 Tetrachloroethene (Perchloroethylene) blood ng/mL 0.048 0.048 0.048

 Tetrachloromethane (Carbon tetrachloride) blood ng/mL 0.01 0.005 0.005

 Toluene blood ng/mL 0.025 0.025 0.025

 Trichloroethene (Trichloroethylene) blood ng/mL 0.012 0.012 0.012

 m-/p -Xylene blood ng/mL 0.340 0.034 0.034

 o -Xylene blood ng/mL 0.049 0.049 0.024

317 Fourth National Exposure Report, Updated Tables, March 2013 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

National Center for Environmental Health

Division of Laboratory Sciences

Mail Stop F-20

4770 Buford Highway, NE

Atlanta, GA 30341-3724

Telephone: (toll free) 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636)

Email: CDCINFO@cdc.gov

Website: http://www.cdc.gov/exposurereport

CS239109-A