( Adopted : 08/04/89; Amended : 12/07/95; Amended : 04/11/97; Amended : 01/19/10)

AVAQMD Rule 1134 1134-1 Stationary Gas Turbines 

## RULE 1134

Stationary Gas Turbines

(A) General

(1) Purpose
(a) The purpose of this rule is to limit the emissi on of oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) and carbon monoxide (CO) from Stationary Gas Turb ines.

(2) Applicability

(a) This rule applies to any new or existing Statio nary Gas Turbine of 0.3 megawatt (MW) and larger unless the equipment is ex empt from this rule pursuant to Section (D) of this rule.



### (B) Definitions

(1) “Air Pollution Control Officer (APCO) ” – The person appointed to the position of Air Pollution Control Officer of the District pursu ant to the provisions of California Health & Safety Code §40750, and his or her designee.

(2) “Chemical Processing Gas Turbine Unit ” – A gas turbine unit that vents its exhaust gases into the operating stream of a chemic al process.

(3) “Continuous Emissions Monitoring System (CEMS) ” – All of the equipment that may be required to meet the data acquisition and av ailability requirements of this rule, to sample, condition (if applicable), analyze , and provide a record of emissions on a continuous basis.

(4) “Digester Gas ” – Fuel containing a minimum of 60 percent process gas, derived from a digester, by volume on a daily average.

(5) “Dry Low NO x Combustion Technology (DLN) ” – Any turbine combustor design which uses multiple staging, air/fuel premixing or other modifications to achieve lower levels of NO x emissions as compared to conventional combustors.

(6) “Emergency Standby Unit ” – Any Stationary Gas Turbine that operates as a mechanical or electrical power source for a facilit y only when the primary power source has been rendered inoperable due to failure beyond the reasonable control of the operator. A power interruption pursuant to a voluntary interruptible power supply agreement is not to be considered as an emer gency loss of primary power. Electricity generated by such a unit cannot be sold

.1134-2 AVAQMD Rule 1134 Stationary Gas Turbines (7) “Emission Control Equipment ” – Add-on technologies which control the turbine's emissions, including, but not limited to, Selective Catalytic Control (SCR), water injection, steam injection, but excluding DLN.

(8) “Emission Control Plan (ECP) ” – A plan that shall contain at a minimum District permit or identification number; name of gas turbin e manufacturer; model designation; rated brake horsepower; heat rate (BTU /KW-HR), corrected to the HHV for each type of fueling (liquid/gas); type of liquid fuel and/or type of gaseous fuel; hours of operation in the previous on e-year period; fuel consumption (cubic feet of gas or gallons of liquid) for the pr evious one-year period; and a list of all gas turbine units required to be controlled identifying the type of emission control to be applied to such gas turbine units alo ng with documentation showing existing emissions of NO x and CO.

(9) “Emission Control System Operating Parameters ” – Any operating parameter(s) that the District deems necessary to analyze for th e determination of compliance. Such parameters include, but are not limited to, th e ammonia and gas flow rates, the exhaust temperature for the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR), humidity, water injection rate, exhaust gas flow rate and the temperature for water injection.

(10) “Enhanced Emissions Monitoring Device ” – Any automated data recording device or system having both data gathering and retrieval capabilities. Such equipment includes, but is not limited to, Continuous Emissio ns Monitoring Systems (CEMS) and Predictive Emissions Monitoring Systems (PEMS).
(11) “Existing Gas Turbine Unit ” – A stationary gas turbine unit that met the foll owing criteria prior to 12/15/09:

(a) Had been issued a valid permit to construct or operate by the District; or

(b) Was in operation pursuant to the provisions of District Rule 219 (D)(2)(a).

(12) “Higher Heating Value (HHV) ” – The Higher Heating Value of the fuel.

(13) “Landfill Gas” – Gas derived from a landfill gas extraction syste m.
(14) “Lower Heating Value (LHV) ” – The Lower Heating Value of the fuel.

(15) “Measured NO x Emissions Concentration ” – The concentration of oxides of nitrogen corrected to International Standards Organ ization (ISO) standard conditions:

NO x = (NO x obs)(Pref/Pobs) 0.5 (288 K/Tamb) 1.53 (e 19(Hobs-0.00633) )AVAQMD Rule 1134 1134-3

Stationary Gas Turbines

Where: NO x = emissions of NO x at 15 percent oxygen and ISO standard

conditions on a dry basis, ppm. NO x obs = measured NO x emissions corrected to 15 percent oxygen on a dry basis, ppm. Pref = standard reference pressure, (14.696 psia). Pobs = measured site ambient absolute pressure, psi a. Hobs = measured humidity of ambient air, pounds wat er per pound dry air. e = transcendental constant (2.718) Tamb = measured temperature of ambient air, degrees Kelvin.

or an alternate calculation that corrects to ISO s tandard conditions

and is approved by the APCO.

(16) “Power Augmentation ” – An increase in the gas turbine shaft output and /or the decrease in gas turbine fuel consumption by the add ition of energy recovered from exhaust heat.

(17) “Predictive Emissions Monitoring System (PEMS) ” – All of the equipment necessary to monitor process and control device ope rational parameters (for example, control device secondary voltages and elec tric currents) and other information (for example, gas flow rate, oxygen or carbon dioxide concentrations), and calculate and record the mass emissions rate (for example, lb/hr) on a continuous basis.

(18) “Public Service Unit ” – A Stationary Gas Turbine used to generate elect ricity for sale or for use in serving the public.

(19) “Rating ” – The continuous MW (megawatt) rating or mechanic al equivalent by a manufacturer for gas turbine unit(s) without Power Augmentation.

(20) “Reasonably Available Control Technology (RACT ) ” – The lowest emission limitation that a particular source is capable of m eeting by the application of control technology that is reasonably available con sidering technological and economic feasibility.

(21) “Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) ” – A noncombustion control technology that destroys NO x by injecting a reducing agent (e.g., ammonia) into the flue gas that, in the presence of a catalyst (e.g., vanadium , titanium, or zeolite), converts NO x into molecular nitrogen and water.

(22) “Shutdown Period ” – The period of time during which a unit is taken fro m an operational to a non-operational status by allowing it to cool down from its operating temperature to ambient temperature as the fuel supp ly to the unit is completely turned off.1134-4 AVAQMD Rule 1134 Stationary Gas Turbines (23) “Startup Period ” – The period of time during which a unit is broug ht from a Shutdown status to its operating temperature and pr essure, including the time required by the unit’s emission control system to r each full operation.

(24) “Stationary Gas Turbine” or “Unit ” – Any gas turbine unit that is gas and/or liquid fueled with or without power augmentation. This un it is either attached to a foundation at a facility or is portable equipment o perated at a specific facility for more than 90 days in any twelve-month period. Two or more units powering one shaft shall be treated as one unit.

(25) “Thermal Stabilization Period ” – The Startup or Shutdown Period necessary to bring the heat recovery steam generator to the prop er operating temperature, not to exceed two hours.



### (C) Standards

(1) The owner or operator of any affected Stationary Ga s Turbine Unit shall not operate such Unit under load conditions, excluding the Thermal Stabilization Period and Startup and Shutdown Periods, which resu lt in the Measured NO x Emissions Concentration exceeding the emissions lim its set forth below.

(a) For Stationary Gas Turbines the federal NO x and CO RACT limits in Table 1 apply:

Table 1 NO x and CO Compliance Limits

NO x Compliance Limit, ppmv at 15% oxygen Control Operating

hours per
year Rating

Gas Fuel Liquid Fuel CO

Compliance Limit, ppmv at 15% oxygen

SCR + DLN > 877 > 10 MW 5 25 200 DLN > 877 2 – 10 MW 25 65 200 SCR (no DLN available) > 877 2 – 10 MW 35 65 200

DLN > 877 < 2 MW 42 50 250 SCR or DLN < 877 > 10 MW 25 42 200 Any (fired on Digester Gas and/or Landfill Gas) any 0.3 – 10 MW 25 N/A 200AVAQMD Rule 1134 1134-5

Stationary Gas Turbines

(b) For the purposes of these emissions limits the following conventions are applicable:

(i) Gas includes natural gas, Digester Gas and Land fill Gas. (ii) Oil includes kerosene, jet fuel, and distillat e. The sulfur content of the oil shall be less than 0.05 percent. (iii) NO x = emissions of NO x , in ppmv, corrected to 15 percent oxygen and ISO standard conditions on a dry basis, average d over any consecutive 15 minute period.

(2) The owner or operator of any Stationary Gas Tur bine subject to (C)(1)(a) shall submit to the APCO for approval, an Emission Contro l Plan (ECP) for the purpose of establishing compliance with provisions of this rule.

(3) The owner or operator of any Stationary Gas Tur bine subject to (C)(1) shall minimize emissions insofar as technologically feasi ble during Thermal Stabilization Periods.



### (D) Exemptions

(1) The provisions of Section (C) of this rule shal l not apply to the operation of:

(a) Laboratory gas turbine units used in research a nd testing for the advancement of gas turbine technology.

(b) Units operated exclusively for fire fighting an d/or flood control.

(c) Chemical Processing Gas Turbine Units.

(2) The provisions of this rule, with the exception of Section (F)(2), shall not apply to the operation of Stationary Gas Turbines used under the following conditions:

(a) Emergency Standby Units, and Stationary Gas Tur bine Units demonstrated to operate less than 200 hours per calendar year, w hich have installed and maintained in proper operation a non-resettable eng ine hour meter.

(b) Portable, turntable, or track mounted turbines whose operation generates intermittent, high velocity air flow for live fire sustainability, lethality, aerodynamic, cookoff, or remote control operation t esting only.

(c) Intra facility portable flight-line equipment u sed to support aircraft systems or start up aircraft power plants.1134-6 AVAQMD Rule 1134 Stationary Gas Turbines 

### (E) Administrative Requirements

(1) The ECP required pursuant to section (C)(2) sha ll, at a minimum, include the following information if such information is applic able:

(a) A list of all Stationary Gas Turbines required to be controlled pursuant to this rule.

(b) For each Stationary Gas Turbine listed:

(i) District identification number, and District pe rmit to operate number; (ii) Name of the gas turbine manufacturer; (iii) Equipment model number; (iv) Manufacturer's rated shaft power output (MW); (v) Type of liquid fuel and/or type of gaseous fuel ; (vi) HHV for each fuel; (vii) Heat rate ((Btu/kW-hr), corrected to the HHV) for each type of fuel (gas or liquid) for each turbine; (viii) Monthly fuel consumption for the previous tw elve-month period (cubic feet for gas; gallons for liquid); (ix) Monthly hours of operation in the previous twe lve-month period; (x) The type of NO x Emission Control Equipment, including any auxiliary equipment related to the control of emiss ions, to be applied; (xi) Documentation showing the current (existing) c oncentration and mass rate of emissions of NO x from the unit; (xii) A schedule with specified increments of progr ess dates for construction of Emission Control Equipment, operati onal milestones for implementation of emissions control and/or installation of monitoring equipment; and (xiii) A final compliance date.


### (F) Monitoring and Recordkeeping Requirements

(1) The owner or operator of any Stationary Gas Tur bine required to install Emission Control Equipment for compliance with this rule sha ll:

(a) Install, operate, and maintain in calibration, the following monitoring equipment, as approved by the APCO:

(i) Continuous measurement and recording of Emissio ns Control System Operating Parameters; (ii) Continuous measurement and recording of elapse d time of operation; and (iii) An Enhanced Emissions Monitoring Device.AVAQMD Rule 1134 1134-7

Stationary Gas Turbines

(b) Notify the APCO, in writing, before issuance of the permit to operate, such information which correlates the Emission Control S ystem Operating Parameters, and PEMS if present, to the associated measured NO x emissions output. This information will be used to determine compliance with applicable provisions of this rule for non-CEM S-equipped turbines and CEMS-equipped units when the CEMS is not operat ing properly.

(c) Provide, on an annual basis, compliance testing data and information regarding NO x emissions. The data shall be corrected to ISO con ditions and at 15 percent oxygen on a dry basis; and the pe rcent efficiency (EFF) of each turbine unit.

(2) The owner/operator of any Stationary Gas Turbin e shall:

(a) On a daily basis, maintain a turbine operating log that includes, as a minimum, the following information:

(i) The total hours of operation per day; (ii) The accumulated hours of operation per calenda r month; (iii) The type and quantity of fuel used; and (iv) The nature of operation of the unit (exempt or non-exempt).
(b) The operating log required to be kept pursuant to this rule shall be kept current and on site for a minimum of two years; and provided to District or state personnel on request.



### (G) Notification Requirements for Exempt and Emerge ncy Standby Units

(1) Any Stationary Gas Turbine unit which is exempt or claimed to be exempt pursuant to subsection (D)(2) shall:

(a) Notify the APCO within seven (7) days if the ho ur-per-year threshold is exceeded.

(i) If the hour-per-year threshold is exceeded, the exemption pursuant to subsection (D)(2) shall be permanently withdrawn

. (ii) If the hour-per-year threshold is exceeded the owner/operator shall, within 30 days of the notification, submit an appli cation for a permit to operate to the District. Such applicatio n shall including a plan detailing actions and a schedule of progress t o meet the applicable RACT limits and provisions of this rule within 18 months after the date of the notification; an ECP c onforming to the requirements of Section (E) for the Emission Contro l Equipment.1134-8 AVAQMD Rule 1134 Stationary Gas Turbines (2) Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections (F)( 2) and (G)(1) above, a Public Service Unit shall not be subject to the hour-per-y ear threshold when:

(a) Such Unit is operating during a state of emerge ncy declared by a proclamation of the Governor of the State of Califo rnia; and

(b) Such Unit is located within the specific geogra phic location identified in the state of emergency proclamation.



### (H) Test Methods

(1) Compliance testing shall be subject to the prot ocols prescribed in the District's Compliance Procedural Manual.

(2) The following test methods shall be used to det ermine compliance with the provisions of this rule.

(a) NO x emissions shall be determined by EPA Test Method 2 0.
(b) The Higher Heating Value (HHV) and the Lower He ating Value (LHV) shall be determined by the appropriate method for t he fuel type listed below:

(i) For liquid fuels: a. ASTM Test Method D 240-87 (Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by B omb Calorimeter). (ii) For distillate fuel: a. ASTM Test Method D 2382-88 (Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter - High Precision Method); or , (iii) For gaseous fuels: a. ASTM Test Method D 3588-91 (Standard Practice fo r Calculation Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density (Specific Gravity) of Gaseous Fuel s); or b. ASTM Test Method D 1826-88 (Standard test Method for Caloric (Heating) Value of Gases in Natural Gas Ran ge by Continuous Recording Calorimeter); or c. ASTM Test Method D 1945-81 (Standard Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography).AVAQMD Rule 1134 1134-9

Stationary Gas Turbines 

### (I) Compliance Schedule

(1) The owner/operator of any Existing Stationary G as Turbine subject to the provisions of Section (C)(1)(a) above shall comply with the following increments of progress:

(a) An ECP shall be submitted to the District withi n 90 days of rule adoption. The District shall approve the ECP within 30 days o f submission.

(b) Any affected turbine shall be in full complianc e with all applicable provisions of the rule within twelve months of rule adoption.

(c) Demonstrate final compliance with all applicabl e standards and requirements of the rule within six months of the i nstallation of the NO x reduction technology.

(2) The owner/operator of any new Stationary Gas Tu rbine subject to the provisions of Section (C) shall comply as of the date of adopt ion of this rule.

[SIP: Submitted as amended 01/19/10 on mm/dd/yy; S ubmitted as amended 4/11/97 on 8/1/97; Approved _______, _______, 40 CFR 52.220(c)(230)(i) (B)(1)]1134-10 AVAQMD Rule 1134 Stationary Gas Turbines This page intentionally left blank.