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REF ~A58711 

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This invention relates to ciphering 

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and deciphering devices operating in a pure mechanical ~ay. 

The object of the invention is to provide a reliable ciphering and deciphering mechanism which is simple in construction 

and reliable in operation and rrhich may be used either as an 

independent ciphering and deciphering machine or in combination 

\iith a telegraph apparatus &ibz •' t:b: an a,,eaiM& tw pawforaill:B& 

st~ips edaptad f-Q.l" meeh&11ieal aee!pberlnrtor for operating a 

tele0raphic sending machine. 

A feature of the invention involves that a member Wfltch 

rnay be-set to two different positions.(as,for instance, an acy 

tive and an inactive position) is under the conjusate control 

of a setting element controlled by the text to be ciphered or de 

ciphered, that is, the primary text, and a shifting element 

controlled by a keying device, by the action of which said member may either be alloued to remain in the position determined. 

by the eetting element or caused to change its position, so that 

an active position replaces an inactive position, or vice ver~a. 

The invention ~7111 hereinafter be described as applied to 

apparatus having combination bars for indicating the prim&rJ' 

text which may be set to two definite positions and selecting 

bars for indicating, or recording, tha secondary text vbich 'lll&J'• 

likewise, be set to two definit~ positions. 

'::hen appli ad to an independent ciphering and deciphering 

machine the invention involves the provision between each combination bar and the co~responding selecting bar, ot a shirting 

element in the torm of a connecting member adapted to occup7 

eita~r or t~o definite positions under the control or the 

koy:ns device, in one of ~hich positions the meaber has no in- t~ 

tluence onlf ett~ng of the selecting bar as detsrl:lined bT the action or the co~respondi~& combination bar, while ~hen in ita 

other ~osition, the connecting aember acts to reverse the sat-

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@'pproved for Release by NSA on 06-17-2014 pursuantto E.O. 1352a 

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ting of the selectin~ bar as determined by the combination bar • 

·"ihen applied to a telegraph apparatus, having combination 

bars at the sender and selecting bars at the receiver, the !nventlon i~volves the provision of individual connecting members 

(shiftlng elements) at the sender and the receiver. the connecting members or snifting elements or the sender being inserted 

between the combination bars and two impul3e producing elements 

and the connecting members or s~..ifting elements or the receivor ~elng inserted between impulse controlled elements and 

the selecting bars. At the sender the shifting elements act to 

modify in a manner ~etermined by the keying device the operation of the impulse"produci:ig elements which transmit signals in 

t~e form of positive and negative impulses (or impulses and intervals, respectively) in such a ua~ as to leave certain impulses and intervals unchanged, as they are determined by the primary text, ~.hi le replacing other impulses by intervals, and vice yersa. In the recelver the shifting elements act to modify 

in an opposite ~ay the operation of the impulse controlled elements serving to indicate, or record, the text • I 

In the acco~panyinc dra~inGS ?ig. l illustrates tne inven- ,~ I 

tion as embodied in an independent ciphering and deciphering ' ~~ehine. In this ~isure those parts only or the machine are 

sho•m ;1bich. are necessary for the description of the inven- I 

l ti on. In :ri .... s. la-6b the invention is shonn as applied to a 

tele~~aph a,~a..~atus operating on the so called five unit alpha-; 

.Jet. :1i.:;s. la and _lb she· . .;, in t•10 different positions. part 

o: tho sender of such an apparatus of a design suitable tor 

tha appl7in3 of the invention thereto. Figs. 2~ and 2b shO\T 

corrospondlng position~ of the same sender with the invention 

~pplied thereto. Pi~s. ;a and 30 show the same sender in two 

further positions. ~i~s. 4a and 4b show t~o positions of part 

o: a te1e~raph receiver or a design suitabls for the applying 

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of the invention thereto. :;13::.. 5a and 5b show corresponding poe1 

tiont of the receiver \11th t:'le invention applied thereto. Figs. 

Ga and 6b sho~ two !urther positions of the receiver. Figs, 7• A 

~-7-b sh0\1 the i.Ment::on-a:s ~mbodiet'l in. a .pari'oretJ.ag tnachlue• " 

In Fi~. l, the nuneral 1 indicates a combination bar which 

may be cispl3ced lonaitud1nally between tho definite positions, 

as by nea.ns or up and down moving key-operated levers 2 cooperat i!lb ~ith vortical or oblique sides of recesses formed in the 

lo··:el" cd:e o.L the ba-". The coMbination bar, or which there may 

be any desired number, have each an abutment 4 adapted to ensage 

a lQcld.ng tooth 5. Tac latter is provided on a link 14 pivotally 1 .. c.~d slidabl7 connected at one end with one arM 3 or a bell 

i c~ank :ever ;,7 pivoted at 6, the other end of said link being ~ 

~ivotall7 connected with one end of a two-armed lever 15,the 

other end or ~hich ic in encacement with a cam disc 16 re-

-:>~essnting 3 keyins Mechanism. A spring 17 acts to hold the le-

~er 15 in ensa~ement nith the alternately low and high portions 

ot the periphery o~ disc 16. The arm 7 or the bell crank lever 

;,7 ~ears with its bent end 8 a0a:nst the periphery of a con-

:tantl7 rotatin~ cam 10 havin~ a recess 11 which is adapted to 

recelve the end 3 or arm 7 one time for each revolution of the 

cam. ~he shaft 6 the centre line of ~hich is indicated by a dotted line, al3o carries another lever 26 ri3idly connected to the 

levor 5,7 ~~ tee shaft 6. Said lever 26 enaages a selecting bar 

25 c~op~~atively ~1th levers 4o belon3in3 to a pr1nt1n~ mechanism 

not sho.,·m. 

I 

3ach tlrne a key or the levers 2 is depressed to indicate a 

~i,3n o~ the pri.:13r:· te:;;.t, the combination bar shown \vill either 

be I 

:oemain in its ,revious position or/.ioved to its other position. , 

Ln the :ra~in~. the bar is sho~n as standing in its right-hand 

~o3ition, in~i:ated by a plus sign. 

·· . .:th c. hi.:;h po:otion of the disc 16 

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The lever 15 is in contact 

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REF 1 11- e , {'-. -------

keeping the linlc 14 in its le.ft-hand position. The tooth 5 being 

thus situated to the le.ft o.f the abutment 4 allows the lever 3.7 

to swing under the action o.f its aprins_thereby rotating the shat: 

as soon a3 the recess 11 reaches the end 8 o.f lever arm 7. By the 

rotation of the shaft 6 the lever 26 is swung to the right,displacing the selecting bar d5 from its left~hand (-) position to 

{+) 

its right-hand/position. It is thus seen that in this case the 

selecting bar will be set up to the same position as the combination bar. Suppose, on the contrary, that the lever 15 is in contact with a 101·1er portion (plus portion) of the cam disc 16. 

while the conbination bar is still in its right-hand or plus posl •a 

tion. In such case the tooth 5 woJld be in its right-hand pos1-

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tion, just above the abutment 4, thereby pr~venting the lever 

3,7 from s~inging, as the recess 11 reaches the end 8 of lever 

arl'! 7. i'!o turning of lever 2b and no displacement of the selecting· bar 25 ·1ould result. In this case the position ot the selecting bar would be the reverse of that o.f the combination 

bar. 

From the above description it is evident that the following 

four cases are obtainable: 

Case 

Comb~Lnation bar 

Keying disc 

Selecting bar 

1 

+ 

+ 

2 3 4 

+ 

+ + 

+ 

The ciphering and deciphering mechanism hereinbefore briefly 

described may be used ~ith advantage in connection with a telegraph apparatus of the type shown in Figs. la and lb and Figs. 

4a and qn, Fi3s. la azid l~ showing the sender and Figs. 4a and 

4b showing the receiver. Let it be assumed that the sender i' 

provided uith five combination bars and the receiver with five 

selecting bars. One bar only of each type is shown in the 

dra•r!ng as this is sufficient for the object of this description. 

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REF : II )11):: t:~\!'i) :: 711 

In Figs. la and lb, the combination bar is indicated by the 

reference numeral 1. It is operated together with the remaining 

bar, not shown, by key levers 2 ~1th associated keys, not shown. 

Cooperating with each combination bar is a locking arm 3. The 

positive connection commonly used between the combination bar and 

its locking arm, as for instance, by a pivot, is removed, so 

that the bar may be displaced without operating the lacking arm. 

In order to permit a cooperation between the eombination bar and ·~ 

the respective locking arm, the bar i

0

s formed with an· abutment 4 

and the locking arm with a tooth 5. The locking arm 3 is rigidly 

connected to a contact arm 7 forming together with the arm ' .a 

bell crank lever mounted on a shaft 6. The contact arm 7 is rormed 

with two projections 8 and 9. The former bears upon the periphel'J' 

of a earn 10 similar to the cam 10 of Fig. 1, and the latter controls an impulse p~oducing contact 12. 

The combination bar may be moved to two positions, hereinafter ~or the sake of simplicity referred to as the right-hand 

position and the left-hand position, respectively. The former is 

indicated by a plus sign, the latter by a minus sign. The contact arm 7 and the locking arm 3 connected thereto may, likewise, 

assUMe two positions. In one position, viz. that shown in Figa. 

la and lb, the projection 8 is in engagement with the periphery 

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of can 10, •·1hile the projection 9 maintains the contact 12 open,; ,I 

I in the other position the projection 8 is in engagement with the I 

recess 11 of cam 10 and the projection 9 is retracted from the con- i 

I' tact 12 allowing the same to close. 

In the position of the bar 1 shown ~n Fig. la, the abutment 

4 is situated to the right of tooth 5. Thus, when the recess 11 

during the rotation o: cam 10 reaches the projection 8, the 1-tter 

can enter the recess during the action of the spring l' connected 

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It 

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to arm 7, allowing contact 12 to close and produce an impulse. In 

~ia. lb the abutment 4 is situated just below the tooth 5, thereby 

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preventing the swinging movement of the lever ;,7, when the recess 11 reaches the projection 8. The contact 12 is maintained 

open and ,:'lo impuise, but an interval., ttill result. It is thus 

seen that in the construction above described the right-band 

position of bar 1 produces an impulse and the left-band position 

produces an interval. 

Fi3s. 2a and 2b and FiBS• ;a and ;b show the sender above 

described after a device accorliing tp the invention has been 

applied thereto. Similar parts are indicated by the same reference numerals in Figs. 2a, 2b, ;a, 3b as in Figs. la and lb. 

The bar l ~1th its abutment 4 is unchanged, and so is the c~ntact 

arm 7 ~1th its projections 8 and 9. As to the locking arm 3 the 

modification has been made that the tooth 5 has been removed 

froM the locking arm and made adjustable r.ith relation theretG 

by ~eans of a mechanical. shifting device. To this end the 

t9oth 5 is mounted on a separate arm 14 which is inserted like 

a link between the lockinG arm 3 and a t~o-arme~ lever 15 engaging a keying mechanism represented by the cam disc 16. Said arm 

14 is both pivotally and slidably connected to the locking arm 

3 but only pivotally connected to the lever 15. The two-armed 

lever 15 is ~cted on by a spring 17 tending to maintain the 

free end of the l~ver in contact with disc 16. The cam disc 16 

is similar to that described in connection with Fig. l, and opera 

tes 'in the same way as described in connection with Fig. l. Wben 

the lever 15 is in engagement with a high portion of the cam 

disc 16, the tooth 5 is in its left-hand position, as abo\7D in 

:.:'i.:;s. 2a and 2b; ~1hen the lever 15 engages a low portion ot the 

cam disc 16, the tooth 5 is in its right-hand position, Figs.;a 

and 3b. 

In ~ie. 2a the combination bar l is shown in its right-hand 

position, that is, the same position as in Fig. la. The abutment :~ is situo.ted to tlle l'ight of the tooth 5 and the contact 

12 ~111 therefore bo nllowod to close as the recess 11 of cam 10 

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reaches the projection 8, producing an impulse. In Fig. 2b 

the combination bar l is in its left-hand position. The abutment 4 being still in its left-hand position, now prevents movement of the lever 3,7, when the recess-11 reaches the lever 

arm R. The contact 12 remains open and an interval will result. It is thus seen that the conditions are similar to 

those of Figs. la and lb. 

If, on the contrary, the lever 15 is in contact with a 

low portion of cam disc 16 so as to keep the tooth 5 in its 

-right-hand position, as shoun in Figs. 3a and 3b, then an interva1 is obtained, ~hen the combination bar is in its 

right-hand position, Fig. 3a, whereas an impulse is produced 

·1hen the bar is in its left-hand position, Fig. 3b. In this 

case the conditions are opposite to those corresponding to 

Figs. la and lb and Figs. 2a and 2b. From the description 

thus far 6iven it is seen that by means of the ke'J'ing mecha- . . nism (cau- disc 16) and the shifting mechanism (system 5, J.4,15) 

the orisinally impulse producing right-hand position of the 

coabination bar may either be caused to produce an interval 

or be allowed to remain impulseproducing. Similarly, the oriGinally interval-producing left-hand position of the combination bar nay be made impulse-producing or allo~ed to remain 

interval-producing. This oeans, that, by the action of the 

~~oyin6 mechanism and the shifting mechanism I may obtain in 

a pure mechan!.cal uay a ciphering operation in connection with 

the sending of a telegraphic message. 

~or obtnining a decipharinc of the messase at the receiving station, an a~paratus operating on the same principle 

as that above set forth rnar be used. ?i~s. 4a and 4.b show a 

~oce~ver of n type to ~~ich the invention ~ay be easily 

~~~~ied. "he AP~aratus shoun is a telet'J'Pe apparatus. 20 is 

a l"'a:::;."let o:pe:i."ated by the i:npulses ~eoeived. ':'he ar::iature 21 

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of said magnet is f'o1'1D8d with an extension carr7ing an abutment 

rail 22 which extends below and is common to a number or teeth 

23 each carried by 1ts individual locking lever 24 ot' which there 

is one corresponding to each or five selecting b'ara 25 adapted 

to control printing elements, not shown. Qne of said selecting 

bars onl7 is shown in the drawings. The locking lever ia tol"llecl 

with a downwardl7 extending arm 26 tor cooperation with the selecting bar 25 and carries another arm 27 in engagement w1 th a 

cam 28. The cam 28 is formed with a recess 29 adapted to receive the pointed end of arm 27. A spring 30 acts to maintain 

the arm Z7 in engagement with cam 28. The selecting bar 25 ia 

operated by a sp~ing 31 tending to keep the left-band end of 

the bar in engagement with the end or arm 26. The selecting bar 

ma7 occup7 two different positions, namel7 the left-hand pos1-

t1on shown i.n the drawing which is determined b7 a rigid atop 

32, and a right-hand position to which the selecting bar is 

moved against the action of the spring 31 when the pointed end 

of arm 27 is allowed to engage the recess 92 'ot cam 28 • 

. Each time the magnet 20 is excited b7 an incoming impulse, 

it attracts its armature, causing it to move to the position 

shown in Fig. 4a (which is. indicated by a plus sign). 

ment rail 22 due to this movement of the armature is brought to 

a position to the right of the teeth 23. When during the rotation of cam 28 the recess 29 reaches the end of arm ?71 said end 

, ma7 enter the recess because of the freedom ot movement of arm 

· 24. The resultipg move•ent or the lever 24,26,27 causes a displacement of the selecting~ar 25 to the right, that is, to a 

po~ition corresponding to that of the combination bar l ·ot 

Fig. la. 

When the magnet releases its armature due to an interval. 

resultin~ .from the position or the sender shown in F.ig. 2b, the 

armature under the influence or spr~ng '' is moved to the poa1-

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tion shovm in :'1.a. 4b (~htch is tndicated b~ a minus sign). 

T:.~e ab~t~ent rail 22 is n0\1.situated just below the t~eth 2,, 

tr.s::.·eby preventing the end of arm 27 ~rom entering the recess 

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29. As ~o movement oi the levtfr 24,26,27 takes place, the se- , I \ ' 

lectinn ba~ 25 i~ allowed to remain,,"in its l~tt-hand position, 

corraspondinB to the ~os1t1on of the combination bar o~ Fig.lb. 

1 • 

In applT1ng the invention ~o a receiving device of the 

tl'pe. described, tbe teeth 2' are removed from the lever 

arms 24 and re made adjustable -:.with 1·oln.t1on thereto. To ' . this, end t ~rovide a separ~te link ;4 to carry each too~h.2; 

o.nc!"inoert this link' bet~een the. lever arm 24 ~nd a ~o-

• arm~ ll!lver ;5 en0aging a car:i disc ;6 under the action of a 

spring ~7· 'l'!l.e link ;4 is pivo~all~ and sl1dably connected· 

to arm 24 but only pivotaliy connected to lever 35. The cam 

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disc ~6 i~ the came profile as the cm:! disc 16 of the sender. 

':hui:, the ca •. : disc ;6 is f'orned wi tt. h;igher lnd lower portions .. 

aei·vinrs to de.terr.tt.ne a lert-h11nd position and a right-hand 

' 

position, raspect1YelT, at the teeth 2;. 

In FlG· .5a the lever ;5 is in ansacement-with a high porti~n o~ cam d.1se. 36, determining a left-hand position or tooth· 

2;. 'be"':. the armature 21 1:1 attracted O\i'in& to an impulse inc~cing to ~he maL-net, tbe abutment rail 22 ia moved to the 

right o: the teeth 2}, a.llowint the lover 24,26,27 to move, as , 

.. ' ~ . ~~ 

soon cs the end or ore 27 is reacted br the racats 29 of cam · 

23 f,"/1tli r.ccuitinc disy:lacament of the .selecting ba1• 25 to the 

.eight. ?ho poai tion ,o: the sa1ec"tinc b:ir c.orres:ponds now to 

the posi 'Lion ot th!S cor.ib:tnatian bar of :?le-. 2a. 

In .: it;. 5b is sho-t:n- ~0'1 the a.IJPara.tus rcoponds 

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to a.n · n4;ei•vu.l. ':ha l'('lcaned ::s.rr.a.t.ur-e hol1la the abutment raU ... • ~~ ln i to loft-hand :oosi tion juat bolo\·1 the teeth 23, so that 

1.he' on<1 oi" a~c. 27 ctu:ino"; entoi· the -:.·occss :"~ o: c.am 28 nnd the I· .. 

:~~::"l?' r ... ·r.1 2£. cannot dia~lo.c~ tllo !i!'Clncting 'bar 25- t11'..ich, there-L . .'

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·:A58711 .• 

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fore, remains in its left-hand position. This position corresponds to the position of the combination bar shown in Fig.2b. 

In ~igs. 6a and 6b I have shown the positions of the receiver corresponding to the position of the sender shown in 

F'igs. 3a and ;b. The lever 35 is in engagement with a low 

portion of cam disc ~6, maintaining the tooth 23 in its 

right-hand position. As magnet 20 is not excited, the armature 

21 is not attracted, Fig. 6a, and the abutment rail 22 is' 

therefore held in its left-hand position by the action of 

spring ;3. As the end of arm 27 is reached 'bJ' the recess 29 

of cam 28, it is allov1ed to enter the.recess, permitting the 

arm 26 to displace the selecting bar 25 to the right, that is, 

to a position corresponding to the position of the combination 

bar shown in Fig. 3a. 

In Pig. 6b the magnet is shcnvn aa excited by an impulse 

determined by the position of the sender shotm in Fig. 3b. The 

abutment rKil 22 is in its right-hand position and because 

the tooth 23 is also in its right-band position, the lever 24, . 

2.6,27 cannot swing nhen the recess 29 reaches the end of arm 

27 and no displacement of the selecting bar can take place. 

Thus, the bai• ~emains in its left-hand position corresponding 

to the position of the combination Qar shown in Fig. 3b. 

In the drawings I have shown on each separate sheet 

corresponding positions ot the sender and the receiver. 

·1 

Ass'UDllns the cam discs of the receiver occupy the same 

positions as those of the sender in the ciphering and deciphering operations, tben the folloning cases are possible, 

I 

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the right-hand position of the combination bars and the selecting bars being indicated by a plus s1gn and the left-hand p~ 

sition of said bars being indicated by a minus sign. As to the 

keying diDcs, a minus sign is used to indicate that a high 

portion of the discs is operative, whereas a plus sign is used 

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to indicate that a low portion of the CSCI discs is operatlve'P~ 

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A. T)ansmission. 

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Casa 1 

Position of combinati~n bar:f + (right) 

Operative portion of cam disc;~ 16:1' - (high) . ... 

O'utgoins signa:J,": 

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·+ (impul.s!t) 

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Case 2 

(left) 

. = (high) • 

- (interval) 

In these cases the position of the combination bar determine• 

,. "" ..tiee ~~' ·- e!F the sign.al transmitted. .. 

• 

RaCeJi?tion .. Case l Case 2 1 

Incominb-. signal: + (impulse) (interval) 

Operative portion of cam disc ,6: (high) + (low) 

Position of selecting bar: + (right) -(left) 

In these casaiithe posi~ion of the selecting bar is the. aame 

as tha~ of €ho cpmbination bar of the sander. 

B. Transmi.ssi·on. . .. t. 

Case 3 

Pasi tion of' c'om'bination- bar: '' + (right').· 

Op-erative portion ~f cam disc 16: + (low) 

outso:!.ng signal: (interv.:1t 

Case 4. 

-•1 (laft) 

+ (low) 

+ (:J.mpulse.) 

In this case a·shifting operation has taken place, that is ~ I '• • 

the impulse c+r: normallj" co~responding to the 1'1.ght-hand position , 

ot the combination bar is replaced b7 an inten.@l. (-),and vice I '\I I 

versa • .. 

Rece"Otion. -ease 3 

Incoming.s~,nal: ( 1-nterval) 

Operated portion~t cam disc '6: +flow) 

~osition or select~ng bar: + (right) 

Case b. 

+ (ie11>ulsa) 

+ (low) 

- (left) 

In tbe reception a second shi~ting op~ration takes place, . sc that the r1£ht-ca:nd ~osition o! the combination bar of the sen- ... - I I 

de~ ,determines a rig_~t-hand PO\ition of the selecting bar ot tba 

~eceiver, L~d vice versa. 

It is to be =~tad that 1~ all foU!' cases possible the re-

. eeiver indiea~es the' s&.:!a position as the se~der, w~ereaa the 

s~snals t:oans::oittec bet~ee~ the sende:o a~d t~e racsiver.,m.,. 

ei the:- ?"e.c:air. U."'!chansed or :1a1 be c!lar..ged b7 replacing an impulse 

~o:o a~ i~terval, and v!ce versa. 

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... .. -----... -.. --- . The invention may a1so be used"1n sucb"casea where the 

• 

text should be tir~t record~d by perforations in a paper strip 

which may ~hen be-deciphered in 'an appropriate machine Or used tor 

4 'operating a telegraphic sending machine. Ari ell):>odiment ot the in- . ~ 

vention for use in this connection is illustrated in Figs. 7!1; and 

7b· 1 ~s a combination bar, 2 are keilevers, 'is a locking arm, 

\ 

L. is the\abutment of the combinatio~ bar, 5 is the adjustable 

locking t'oth, 14 is the link C!LI'l'J'ins the lockin~ tooth, 15 is 

the lever bonnected ~o link 14 which ehgages the. ~am disc 16 representing he keJi.ng mechanism, and 17 is the spring acting on lever 15. In this case the f'ree and of the locking arm ~ is adflpted. . to cooperate ·1th a punch 36 in order to allow or prevent the . :gurichi.ns operation. 'To this enc; the arm ; .acts so as either to . . lock the punch gainat ll!ovement with itsaupp~rting member, in \'ib1.ch 

case a punching peration is obtained, or allow the punch to move 

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, . _, r~ w1 th 1 ts support 

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. member, in which case no punc~ing operation ia 

. .. ._ .. "" ... -.-

· ... ......-ciftained. ,.,..,..,.. .. hing ~echanism ma1 ~e of &DJ' lpprop~iate tJP• 

and is herein show as an example only. In the drawing, the . punch ;6 is mounted n a transversely extending'boring in a lever ~ 

;1 which is pivoted~ '8 and engages a CBJ:I 59 by·ah1cb the lever l 

;1 is caused to partoi\. a suinsLng·motion"towards tba i~king..,. ~'. : 

one time tor·aach revol\tion•of cam ;9. The lever ;1 is provided : J 

~1th a gu!IU."!I &rl'8llll:om:~ tor a

0

papor s~ip ~·which is-ponat.-atad·~ 

bJ the .punch eac~1 ttme th~nar ;1 moves• to\"i&.rds ~h~ arm ;., ~ t 

provided the punch ;6 is lo~ed by the end. ;s· ~t arm ;, as shoTln 

in Pig. 7a.. If the end ;s.o arm S be moved to the 'si1ie o! \he . punch ,6, as sb.01:1n in Pie. 7b, no punching a.ct~on ~a.kes place, as l , \ . . 

:~::a:: ;:·:~.:i.~+~:~::.:~~.;:r~:~:::~t:~ :::::::~ And the failing ot a punching act~n correspond' to an inte~val· . \ . ...• 

(-). Let 1 t be aasumed that the po~ition or the cam dis~ 16 shown \ 

in Pig. 7a is ind~catet! by _a minus ~~ apd .t.hD po~'1:tion ot 

0

the .. cam l~·­

ciis'C sk'.D\"m in F'ic. 7b is 0indicabed \i7'·a. plua aign, a."nd ~he r1gbt and.~ . 

- i;.- t ' ... 
.! , 

.__ \ 

:. 

•• REF • 

left hand ~sit1ons of the combination bar are indicated bJ a 

plus and a 

cases may be 

A. 

Cam disc 

Punch 

respectively, then the following four 

Fig. 7a 

+ 

+ 

Fig. 7b 

+ 

+ 

- B. Combination - Cam disc 16 

Plinch 

+ \ 

+ ---·----- ------.. -· ------------- ~ereinbefore, one unit only or the five units required 

in connection with an apparatus operating on the five unit alphabet, has been shown and described. The remaining four units 

correspond each exactly to that illustrated. In order to prevent in case of a telegraph apparatus the simultaneous transmission of impulses from tvo or more units of the sander or 

the simultaneous reception of impulses by two or more units ot 

the receiver, the cam discs 10 and 28 and }91 respectivelJ'• are J 

displaced ~1th relation to each other in wall-known vay so as 

to effect the sending and the reception of impulses in succession. 

der 

case of a telegraph appal•atus col!lprising both a senreceiver, a common keying device may be used for the 

sending ~d receiving par~of the apparatus. 

-- ~he independent c1pher1;ng::~an:-.::d;-:de;::c:'41":p~n~e~r~1 ... ng-t1llllEedl'l'inanl'nl"l~1r:•=-~di.:o:e::s~n:id: 

require any displacement of the cams 10 of the various combination bars with relation to each other, as is the case in a tele-

' 5raph apparatus, operating on the five unit alphabet. 'lhus, a 

sin0le cam 10 may be common to all of the combination bars ot 

the said independent machine. This vill cause all of the selectinc bars of this machine to be operated simultaneouslJ'• 

In the ecbodiments sho\"m the keying device is illustrate 

as a cam disc h~ving rigid car.ls. In fact, the keying device ID8J' 

be or any appropriate type. In case of cam discs the hi:;ber po~ 

' 

- 14 -

• '!)r 
, I ·7~ ~ ' : 'lo 

) !1-

tions thereof may consist of adjustable elements, all~ng a 

variation of the relativo position of the higher and lower porticns of the CSM discs. 

The shifting elements which are illustrated in the drawings 

as links J.4 and 34, with their associated teeth 5 and 2~, respectively, may be replaced by other appropriate elements without 

departing from the principle of the invention. 

1

i1hat I claim is:- -----·----- ---- -.. --... - A -;ipher~g-and deciphering mechanism having a member mov-

. into two dif~erent positions, namely an active and an ine position, ~hi.ch is.under the combined control of a setement adapted to be operated in conformity with a prim&l"J' 

text an a shiftin8 element adapted to be operated under the 

l co~trol \ a keying mechanism so as either to allO\T said member 

to remain in its position as determined by the setting element 

\ 

or cause it 'to chanse its position by replacing an active posi-

' tion for an i~active position and vice versa. 

2. In a ciph~ing and deciphering machine, a member movable 

into two'differeil.,t positions for indicating a secondary text, 

'. 

a setting element ~ovable into two d1~ferent positions under 

\ 

the control of a pri'\ary text, ~eans for operating said member, 

a keying device, and ~connecting element between the setting 

element and said operating means, said connecting element being \ 

shiftable bet~een two di positions under the control ot 

~he keying device for 

position corresponding 

reverse position._ _ _ 

setting of said member into a 

setting element,or to the 

-·--.. -- 3. In a ci1herina and deciphering machine, a set of combination bars, individually movable into two different positions 

for indicating a ~rimary text, a corrosponding set ot selecting 

bars individually movable into two different positions tor in-

- 15 -

., 

t 

t 
-----

II 

• 

dicatinc a secondary text, a ~eyinG device, means tor indiv1dua117 

operating th~ selscting bars, a connectins element between each combination bar and the respective operatin3 means, said connecting ele- ' 

ment being Dhiftable betneen" tno different positions under the control of the keyin: device for causing an' operation o~ the selecting 

bar to a position correspondinz to that ot the combination bar or 

to a position opposite to that of the combination bar. 

In a tele~raph system in~ludinG n sender'and a·receiver, com- " ~.- '\ &.Jo• 

\ biuation bars at the sender individually movable into tno different l 

positions un~er the control or a pr~mary text, selecting bars at ~ 

the receiver individually novable into two different positions t 

to control the rocordinc of the text, a keying device at the sender, r ·)1 

·• a keyinB device at the receiver, impulse producing means at the 

sender, impul:e controlled ~eans at the receiver, connections bet-

·1een the combination bars and the impulse producing ~eans, and connections betweer the impul~e controlled ~eans and ~he selecting 

bars or the receiver, eaeh of said conn~ctions includin& an element shiftable into two diffe~ont positions under the control or tbe 

recpcctive ke;inG device. 

5. In a tele{;ro.ph system as claimed in claim 4 in \'lb!ch a sendln~ device anl a re~eivin~ device B:"e cornbinad vith each other 

in the same apparatus, the .further characteristic foa.ture that a 

lteyinc device :s provided ~n1ich. is col'!IJDon to correspond1n$ contro2lin6 elements for the aendin~ and the roceivin5 of impulses. 

6. In o. teleGraph sander, combination bo.rs individuo.lly movable 

• 

into two di!!'e!'cnt positions in con1:01"mit7 \11th a :?ri:::ary text, a 

keyin8 device, impulse producin{S means, a connect1ns elo~ont betueen ca.er.. comUJ,ns.tion ba.a.' and tbe roapoctl ve impul~e pl"odu.cing 

meanc, said connoctin~ Bloment boi~~ sh:rtabla betnaen t~o diffo-

.. ·ent positions un.,er the control o; the :toy.:.n.:; devica for ei"fectinc 

a. connoct~on betuocn the resp ... ctive cor.ib~natlon bn.' nnJ. ir:ipulse 

p1•oduclnt:; r.100.n& or prevent.in:.; such a. connection i ··roopoctlvc ot tho 

I'ool tion o: the co1nl1lno.tlon ba.1•. 1,, - I) -

• 
1 e 

7.~In a tele6raph receiver, selecting bars for controlling the 

recor:\ng of the text, means for moving saidmlecting bars individually i~o two different pos~tions, m~~s operable by impulses 

for cont1\lling \ said moving means, a keying 

------

devi:e, cormecting elements between said impulse controlled means and said moving means, 

\ said connecting elements being individually shiftable between two 

\ 

\ dlfferent pos!tions under the control of the keying device for et-

\ ' fecting a conne~tion between said moving means and said impulse ' 

controlled means\~r preventing sqch a connection irrespective of the 

position of the cobination bar. 

8. In an apparatu~for perfora~ing st ips in conformity 'With 

a text, combination bars, 

means for cont~olling the 

nection between said 

including an element 

under the control of 

between the comQinati 

vice, a punching device, 

the punchins device, a conm.eans and the combination bars, 

into two different positions 

eying devicefor shifting the connection 

the punch controlling ~eans. 

In testimony ~hereof I have signed my name. 

~ Ca-. t&~ .. ~ .. .K~. (Boris Caesar ~llheim 3ageiili 

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