... 

.. 

• 

REF ID:A7038. 

N°28,204 A..D. 1918 

(Under Intsrnatzonal ContJanhoA) 

Date claimed for Patent under Patents and Designs} 

Act, 1907, bemg date of ffrat Fon11gn App/1- 281'd Oct, 19ta 

cation (tn France), 

Date of App/1cat1on (m the United Kmadom), 14th Oct, 1918 

Al the exp11at1on of twelve months from the date of the flfBt Foreign App/1• 

cat1oh, the prov1s1on of 8ect1on 91 (J) (a) of the Patents and De11gns Act, 

1907, aa to mspect1on of 8peo1fioat1on, became operative 

Accepted, 9th Apr, 1914 

COlJ.PJ,1!,l l~ ~Pl• Cll!'I(.' \.'rluS 

Improvements in Devices for Cypheung and Decypheung 

Messages and the like 

l, GLOKC.h Lu· "'"'Jo, ol 10, 211t. lie h Duse, lC ui.ul1l, Duud1u-J11-lU1u1u, 111 

thl' Ill'publu of li'r lllll', l n JI J.,11gmee1, clo hue ln clt c I ire the 111tuJ'C! ui 1111'1 

1me11hon mcl m \\h 1t m 1unu the 8'1Dle lb to be puforntl'cl to be p 11hl\1l 11l) 

~ dt.bl 11bcd 1ucl J.'>ll'l t 1111ul 111 1ml ln the !ollo\\ 111g bt.i.leWl'llt -

/j l'h1111nrnhon )11" fo1 it .. 11ubJut 1 po1tabk 'l}lJlll.ilu..,, c'lpable of bung l.Nl) 

cu11l'd 111 the pocl..tt, uul 11l1pltd to lOll\l'tl Ill\ JJlC'>"'lg'l' \111ttc11 111 dl'tr 

hngu 1gt- 111to 1 c n 11tog1 1 ph1c 111esb 1gt '11111 11tt u 1 ctt 'J he tlbl of tl1l 1pp'11 itu>1 

about to bt. clP'>tr1l1ccl 1~11llll1t fhl 1b..,ulutt. ttl'lll.'C\ of cu11upo111lu1ce e'-<h1ngld 

• In ll'ttl'I'!I 01 h\ tell~rr.un., louhnn\ tlllgt.•lllb 01 1.iJ10-tdefc?11ms) 

JO It 1"' 1lu nh kno\\11 tu u"L cnptog11pJm 1pp'111tu'I l1 n111g lU ..,Julua. e'l<h 

:. "1th tlu. llitu,, of tbP alph 1bd 111 no111111 oulu 011 u11e put, 11111 111 111egul 11 

• orde1 011 1l1c uthe1 po1t, and to nnnuge tltt'bt. 11lulua aule b, auk 1n g100H·1o 011 L 

U01nl, the IO\\Je1 puts of the 11.hclll'S bung lllO\t.J to bung the dt.ltlll'Cl lt.tten oi 

., u lUS'l.d mto line under '1. blot, whucb\ thr up11l'1 p'11ts '1ll' < 'lUbeJ to 11ho\\ 

1

5 'ddfe1ent letlel'b m hue 11ncfo1 'lnother ... lot 1 ht' uppc1 p irt ... oi t)1e shcle111 11 n c 

- JH!en prouded \Utll JIUllll'rlllll, the llrl lllb"l'WCnt of "bllh foru111 tJu. kc\ to the -.. -fi~n11pb'11ho11 The clelice ncco1Jmg to t11e p1psent 11ne11ho11 thfte18 f1on1 tlua, 

s. 1~ U.11t a g1P 1th 111u1?111t.d mtP1d1 mgt 1l11hty lb betu1ecl b, cln 1dmg e 1d1 1ohdc1 

,. _ ~uto h\O p'lrh,, J.ll uJ111u mcl 1 lo\l"\'1 11J1t 111 mgrng the ic.ltus of tbe 1lph.i.hct )Q .ID \ 'lllOU& or<leu. on the lowe1 1111 tb 1s "ell 1i. tl1l up}ll'I 1111 ts of thl shcleri., 

nncl lll.Jl..111~ 111 oi tbe lo\\ l'r t1luler11 1uteu.b mgcJble ,., "l'll '18 all of the uppe1 

11lulers "llh. this <OlL1>t_1utho11 it 111 1<.ncle:rcd 1bb0lutely unposi.1ble b;) mero 

.guess work to duv1Jher JD~ <.ode message na \\lll be i.et'n from the :rollo\\1ug 

~~~ F 

.t§ r The 'll'c.omp un mg cl1 'l\Hng sho\'8 b\ "a\ of eli.nm1Jle, a form of con&trucbol\... 

CJ of the a11pnr11tus 

F1gu10 1 lS 'I. £ice ueW', the i.hdl'U ~111g in the po1o1hon \\h1t.h they ou.upy 

J\ht:h the- app 11'ltu11iruot 11J. use -

F1gu1e 2 Sho\\s the .ip11.irntus uth the 11bdcl'b .i11.111ged fo1 n p.i1l11.ul.u cnpto• .ao g~11ph10: uanapOL11tion. • - - - - - ' 

[Plict Scl,l 

t , 
NO 28,204 -A D 1 IJ1S. ~~~~~~~~~~~-BEE-In.:.A70385 

Jmp~ta a.n. .De'IJICl&jor Oypkt/J·11ng and .DfJC1Jpilm.ng ifieBMZges and tM li!..e 

F:tgure 3 18 an -end view of the apparatus 

f 'AB will be seen in the drawingii, the ap1:iaratu11 ebl!C!nhalh l'<lllbl!lts of u. huge ~ board in whI<.h are cut guide grom e11 of suit.ible form, m the dra" mg (Figure J) 

. • l these grooves are of a dove-tallec:l 66(..tion, but obv1ousl;) they 111.i;) be of nn;) other 

~. ._ convenient section Shde:n1 ~ are provided adapted to ht .iud mo' e m thebe 5 

~ ~~ guides 'l.'he nu:mbe1 of ,gromes (.ind oonsequently the number of 11hder11) uu1 

I naturally be vaned, m tht\ e-'\.8.mple illustrated ten gioove1-1 are pro,1ded aclaptecl 

• to receive ten upper monble 1d1del'8 md ten lov.Pr moHble Hhdel'fl 'l'lm1 

~ '!. r number has been chosen betause fo1 telpgraphy tl1e aHtlembluge of te11 letter1.1 

t' •1 havmg no upparent sense but t.apable o± bemg pronounced, 11> <.·<muted a'l u 10 

,, 11ngle word 

~ ¥ 'l'hese shdel!CS, independent eud1 from the othe1s, '\re stu<.th uleuht d 111 theu 

, ...ti: d1mens1ons so '18 to be perfe<.tl) mten.hangeable, tbP\ um be m&ertetl 

f• 1 md11ferentl;) each mto thP placP of mv of thP otherN, 'lnd m um 01de1, mto tho 

~ t grooves of the board iu "lrnh thev um +.lule "1th 1!l1A'l1t fm ho11 15 

\~ The sliders of ead1 set are numbered from zero to lllllP U11 e.ich 11lule1 uu• ~ wntten one abo'e another, but iu .i d1fte1ent 01der fo1 cad1 t1hdu, lll the lette1.., 

, of the alphabet 

·a~{'t' l Itw1ll be seen tl1at "lien dll the 11hden. are m pluce, thl' numbers "11tten ou tht\ 

v: ends thereof form, 1'ben read from left iu right, n uumbe1 of teu ch.git ... 20 

' .i charactenstK of the arrangement of 1he i-hdel'll rel.itnely to one another :For 

~ ~ , romen1enle of dl'bo1phou tho.name 'MA'.l'UIC'(;L.A' IM gnen to these numberl4 

For each arrangement or order of tl1e i.hde1+. of the upper bet the1c corretcpomJ.i 

'Ill upper m.atr1cula (fo1 e"\.ample- tl1e number &Oi81).24JO, for tbe pllfl1tlo11 m 

Figure 2) and m tl1e llUme lllRDlll'l thdt for end1 arTRllA'Pmeut or the lo" ll Khdelb 25 

there correspond~ a lo1'er matru uln (l40i9(>.1825 m hb"'1re 2) 

The shdeirs of each of the uppe1 .ind lo" er sets can be plo<.ed 1-ehtneh tu ouc. 

mother ID the board, m n '\erv larg-e 11uruber of chlfPrent orderH, m fart, thr 

number of ~se 'lrr.ingPmenh. obtamed b~ '.i:n.mg tl1e order of the 14hdl:'l"o 

relatively to one unother, 111 g1,e11 bv the kncn\ll formula or permutaho1111, '\lhObl' 20 

"' Jpplu.at1on gives 1n the present tase -

~ P 10=10x9x8xi xGx;; x4xJxZxl='.l,628,800 

1'here are t1ierefore- '.J fl28,800 d1:fferent upper matr1t ulro aud 3,f.J.?8,800 lo" t'r 

inutncuhu llureo,er the<ie mtttr1t ulie tun be l'Ombmed ea<.11 with e11d1 tho 

~·' - uumber of combmations 111 theu - ' J.; 

rti• ~ 'J,(128,800' = 13,1 f.JB,189,HO,OOO 

~ • Plates 'l nud J1 are :h~ed 1 the HIUe".I of the boarcl 110 ai, tu t•'\.t.eud thl' one O\t'l 

l l ~ the upper set of sliders, ancl the othPr 1c r0!-18 tlu. lo" er Met E11lh pl 1te 1s 1dottetl 

~ longitudmallv for use JK C"Cplamed l1eremufter, for t11e formation nud ruidmA' 

' of the lrvptograms For the <.onve111e11ce of the dl"$l1lphon the 11 unc of 40 

~d" re.ider will be gl\en to these sloltl'cl pl.itetJ 

.,,,,. "', ,r•1 1.'he apparatus 11:1 used 1ll the folio" mg manner -

~:ff. The no eorre11pondents agree upou ho m.itnculie, one the Im' c1 and th1:1 

other the upper, the110 bemg kept se-tret, for e~ample all rnchrnted m l!iguie <> 

• •ft! lJOi81;j24JO may be adopte-d us the upper matmula and 14079b382:> .u~ the low;; 45 

I"" matr1Lulu 

, 'Vhen oue of the <:orreti~mlenbi "18hes to fiend to the other a seu et me1>1-a •e 

4riJll\ he arranges t.he shders m tl1e order as shown m :Figure 2, 60 as to form the t;o 

' llUltncuhe &f..rreed llpon, then, bv mo' ing the ahdere m their gmdPtl. he lalll!e!l 

•"the word to be transmitt.e<l to appear m the slot of the upper reader j for 50 

mple the word " IN,~OLA.DLE ' as on the drawmg ' 

, 1 The slulers of the lowe-r Aet bemg lll contact with those o:f the upper 1-et 

~:,~~ the figure, the sender read11 lll the slot of the lower reader 'jl the crvptog~a= ~ "'to be tranmutted~ ~•z " I&LY'C'CEQZI " 'fl1e pereon re<:e1v;ng the messagq ,, 

II 

' l 

I 

l 

t 

I/ 

~ 

NO iS,.304-A D 19H. 3 

1-m.protmMlltB 1.71- Dwacu for Oyp}Lm~,,,l(J and Deoypli.enng Mesaagea a1ul tl£e ttk& 

thus typhered, and de-1mng to translate 1l, h.is only to d1Hpoi.e the sliders o:f his 

apparatut1 ID thl• 11.ime manner us the sender, that 1s to +.av t.o JS to obtam the 

two mutr1rnl e agreed upon, and then to c11111~e to appe'lr m t1le slot of the lo\\ er 

reade1 J1 the n 1>herecl "orclb gn en in the telc.>gr.im 'l'hen he will mstuntlv 

5 irad m de 1r lu11guuge lll the 11lot of the upper reude1 j the \\OrdK o:f the met.aage 

of h111 L'Orre<ipondent 

It "1Il be t.een thut 1t 111 bufhc1e11t to < hange the lower mah1Lula 111 order 

to111pletelv to mod1f, the Lryptogran1 'l'huH, 1n the example proposed, 1f, 

1111>te 1d of the lov.er matriLula Jgree<l upou (HOi9U382;)), the lo"e1 t1bders lmd 

10 been chsposecl to form for e"\.mnpfo the mntnrnlu 582JOG0174, the <.rvptogram of 

the "ord ' I~ nOI.AJ3Lh " "ould ha' e become ' EWFOrCYLY(; " 

'l'he 1m1olab1bt) of the t1ec.1ec~ of the t0rret1po11dente- thus trallHnutted n 

pruc..bcally absolute R'\.rept for an 111d1Kcrehon mnkmg kno" 11 the- matrn ul.u 

•greed upon, theie I'! no doubt thul it "ould be quite 1mpo"ltl1ble to decypl1er J. 

15 t-eLret d11-1patd1 trnn11m1tte1.l b' me1m11 of tins lppnrahu;, m 'ie'\\ of the veI'\ large 

nmuber of matriLul83 that ·1t is poK111ble to obtain bv the permutatioii.11 ull 

matr1culu other thun thORe agreed upon bet"een the 0h\o <.orrespondents 'gl'\e 

unmtelhg1ble tr-.inscr1ptionH 

The cryptogr11ph1c "'f!tem, ret.ultmg from the apphcal1011 of tlus apparatui. 

20 g1,e11 r11~e to rnsurmouutJble ddhcult1eK ID :mv attempt at de-c~phermg \\lthout 

1t The same letter lb often replaced, ID tl1e cryptog1'Um, b) d1:1ferent letters or, 

1.zce tcrsa, tl1e- same letter A fo1 e"\.ample, m the en ptogra.m, corresponds some· 

times to au E, sometimes to un I, 1>ometimes to an U, etc of the clear message 

Hnung no" p.irt1Lularl~ cle-1cr1bed .ind aKCert uned the nulure o:f my said 

25 mventiou nnd m "lrnt maune1 the snn1e 1~ to be performed, I declare that 

"hat I claim If! -

1 In a clev1C'e of th<- h i>e de11c 11 hed for <Jo phermg and de-cyphering words ancl 

messoget., the conHtrucho11 "herC'm the Hhders art" nrrnnged in t" o set&, an upper 

und '\ lo\\er t-et, the i.hdl'l"I! of et,ch set bemg mterc.hungenble m po1:11t1on in thut 

30 set, wlule for am l>nrhn1lar urr11ngen1er1t of the one set o:f 11hders n "01d set 

the1-eon to appear through .i Riot m tl1e rend mg plate "111 gn e a <.Tvptogrnphu. 

"ord m tl1e iea<lmg plate of tl1e other Kl't, 1'h1Lh can be de-Lypheroo only by 

l!omeone knowing the <..oiretl order of the 1:1hclers nnd thus enubled to ..et the 

rr~ ptograplnc "ord on one- i.lt thereof to() .i11 to reproduce the original word uncler 

35 the ltllldmg plate OU the ucl1 Kent 11et or sliders, !!U'bt!tantmllv O.S described 

2 In a cleule as d.umed m Claim 1, the construction whercm the shdl'rs of 

e.1th Kl't be.ir 11umberc; the1eon, bO thnt their order for cypheung and de-cypher· 

IDg' m nm < Ji.e <' m be delexnuned b) .i given order of the numbers "h1ch can be ke~t i.etrl't, i.ubi.t.inti 11lv u11 tlet-u1be-d 

40 J 1he upparntu'J for ui-e m typhermg nncl de-c~ pheung wordi. and met!iiages, 

coustrudcd .incl 1dJpted to be used subst.intialh u11 deS<.r1bed with 1-eference to 

4'i 

the ac..-comp.iu;> 111g d1"Uwmgs • -

Dated tl111:1 14th uJy oi Oc..tober, 1013 \ 

For tho .A.pphcnnl: 

GILL & ELLIS, 

Chartered Patent Agents, 

o:>/56, Chancer) Lane, Loudon, W C 

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REF ID:A70385 

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