'~ \. 

'. 

REF ID:A4148467. 

Mr. W1lli811 C. Er,yan., Publi~her 

.beric&n Cl")"Pte>u• Aa1ocio.t1on 

Burton. Ohio 

Dear Mr• Bryut• 

29 June 1948 

Reoeipt ot your letteJ".of 16 J\U18 1948 1• aclcnowledeed. 

We ~ aware, o~ course. ot tho bill reoently introduced by l!r. 

Gurney in tb9 Senate. I do not think that this bill, should it beoC1:1e 

a law• will t.ttect the rut\ire polioiea or ~ · orgw1ation. It wu r~alisect. ot oour••• by 'tho•• who nr• ueiating in the preparation ot 

this bill that th.er• i• a oonaid•rable amount ot "Mateur., intere1t in 

cryptanalysi• and eryptoue.peyo eaont the general public. including 

.-bera or sueh ort;anintiorur u yours, and th•r• hu been no thour)lt 

wbateoever or nstr1ot1nz them 1n their ••wur act1vit1•• or or limiting the oont.nt• or &J"tiol•• •uch u tho•• 'Whioh norma.1~ e.ppear in thl 

joun>.al or the Amer1oan Cryptogr8Jfl A••ocia:bion. It ns tor this reaaan. 

I a aure, the.t the word •olusitied" waa inHrted in the tirat 1eotion 

ot the bill betore th~ word •1ntorm.at1on• and that th• tiret de.tini t1on 

ginn in section : or thtt b111 WN WOl"ded u it i•. Ir YoU will ltud)' 

tuae two thing• cN'•f\&lly ycu will ••e that it ia clear that unleas the 

int'Ol"lll.Ation cant&S.ned in an article in your joUl"nlll, tor eDtiple, -. obtained trm goral"'DAontal •ourcea, WU clueitied intcrmation at tl» 

time it wu obta.1ned, and t*fl!llinlld 10 until it waa di•closed by pu..blloation in your journal, you have no goUltda tor- enteJ"ta1ning any tears 

that ;you or the author ?llicht nm. atoul or th• la:rt, it enaoteffi. 

fo explain a bit !'urther, by eDll.'llple. •hould it happen tht.t •ome 

lftlfllber of ~ ortanisatian who had betm •Pl01*i in the Goftl'lldllt 

•enice, during which enq>loyaumt he leun-4 •ca• ol.Naitied tnrormation 

whioh at the time or publioa.tion 1• •till clasaitied inf'Qrm&tion, i. 

1f0\U.4 be liable; but ahoul.d this not be the cue, tha.t ia, ahould the 

information not have 'been obttJ.ned by "firtue Of Ciovenaent Gplo,.ent 

or by •plO)'m.~t with a oont!'aotor Pfrfoming Glusitied work tor the 

Gowtta111t. th• writer ot the article would have pre1umabq :no Jmowledge 

ot wh9ther tu Wo~tion .. oluaitied or no\ ancl theretore would not 

be liabl•J or, 1r tbs writer had been •ploy•d ill Government 1orv1ce, had 

obtai?uld olaa1it1•d intoruti<ln at tM.t tiM • but the intoiination had 

been dealuaitied 'betore he wrote hi• artiol•• h• would not be liable. 

@'pproved for Release by NSA on 11-04-2014 pursuantto E.O. 1352a 
,,, 

/ ..... REF ID:A4148467. 

. You Will realise that 'What I h&w jU$t indicated puts th9 burdC 

ot N1ponaibility not upon fOU U publisher ot th9 journal of the . 

Aasooiatian but upon the iDdi vidua.l who auba-.i t1 .n e.rt1ol• tor publioa.-

tion. it ha mon that 1'hat h• u diaoloeing 1s ol.aaaified intol'1Mt1cm. 

!t he hN nn•r had aoceas to the 1ntormatioc. by virt'\19 o.r hi• •ploy-

:i .. ~ent. he, too, need tmtertain no r..r. or Yf.ola.tlng the 1- (U' the bill 

pusea) a but it he did haft acce1u1 'to ·the in.tor.&tion. 1=on . that 1 t wu 

oluaified at the time he Qbtained 1t. t!*1 it would ~ bi• l"•panaibility 

to ohtok With tM auth0!"1t1•• bet'ore wrlting hia article or disol•1ng 

the intonta.tion to a?f1boq. 

In abort, wbo.t the bill ailla to a.ooar.pli.ah 1& to pre~t either 

Willful or iudftrttnt diaclOtltU"e ot o.t"tioially claaaified intCll'll&tion 

and in no way 1a aimed at the suppr&.1111cm ot Wonnation obt&ined ti-am 

othur sources, auoh u g.rieral libra!'iea • perlodioab • nenpape!'a • o:r 

flbtained by ~t research. 

2 

Sinoorely yolJl"a, 

UA.ROLD G. FAYE$ 

Colonel,. Signal Corps 

Ohiet" ~ See'Uri ty Acenoy 
••• 

! d 

1.' 

( 

• 

., 

~ 

~ 

"' ~ 

"' • : 

• • • • • • ·~f.: ii;,_ • 

< ·• 

~"-,J~: .:--""~ ~~ 

·-. "'~ ~; ~ t\ 

)> .. ) ... ~ 

• REF ID:A414B.7 

~. WllU. a. Bz71D, Publi•h91" ~an CrJptopw. Asaociation 

nurtan._ Ohio 

Doer- !itr. Br)ian& 

Reoelpt ot JOU!" lottor or 16 June 1948 i• aomowleClged. 

W. are ...-.. at oourn. ot tho bS.11 reamtly introduoect bJ' Mr., 

~in '119 a.ate. I do not think tbat th11 bill, should it beoc:me 

a i-. "111 a.tteot the Mure pol1c1ea .or your- OZ'gWl11&atiaa. It-. 

r.11H41 ot OOUl'RI• by tbome Who ,..... u1l.ting in th9 Pl"t!PM"&tian ot 

1:h1• bill 11hat t.hel'e 1• a oonaidonble anount ot • .. teii.r• intare1t 1rl 

~ia -.t ~l\Y ~ the general pib11cl# 1nolu!S.ng 

1llllmbten 

~ 

ot nob orgamu.t1c:ne u ~·· and then a.a bw no thought ot l'Ntrioting ti. 1n their ma1*ur aoti'Yiti• or ~ Uad.ts.ng tho oon1-xta ot C'tiol"• such u t.hoe• whioh normal.17 appew 1n tt. 

joumal ot tbs Alm'ioan ~ Auociatica. It _. tor tb1• reMCl\1 

I ,_*Ure,. 1hat the word •0J.a11it1ecl" as 1De.-tecl 1l\ the t'trn aecUClll 

ot the 'blll betOIW the word 0 intomat1cm" met. that the tirat 4eftniticm 

giftl'l il1 Section 2 or the 1:>111waa1'm'ded u it 11. lt 70\l will ·~ 

thea• two thinp oaretull.y you "111 ... tbt.t it l• olear that mleu tM 

1ntmnaticn o0Slt&f.'Qed 1n am artiole in J'Ol.11" jOUml'l.1 t'1r Gllllple• _. obta1ned t'rcril g~tal aOUNN1 waa oluait'ied ~ttcm at ti. ~it .. °*1ned. la4 ... 1.1Md 90 \llltll 1t .. d1.a10Hd by publ1-

aat1an in you;ra jourMl.11 Yo\I i.ve tio ~ tor ctert.aining arw:r t..,.. 

that you tit' the author mi&bt run aroul or the i-. s.t emotect. 

!o 81Cp1&1n a bit turther • by «aiapl• • abould it happm. that llcm9 

;:n:iber ~ your erga!.1&t10rl Who w bee •pl.oJ94 in -- OaMIDillt 

•crnioe, during 1'lloh oraplo,mct ho leamed ._. olauitied. intcn.tS.ca 

"'4oh at 'the ts. ot pubUoaticn !a atlll olua1t1'4 intol'9&&UCD• ha 

w:.ul.d be 11.-ble J but 1hould this Mt be tho oue ,. thtt.t 1•. ehculd th& 

i!!fonitat1on not haft been obt.ined by "li.rtue ot Oonrmellt •pl~ 

er b.r •pla,,act with a ooninctol9 ~ clu1U'ied wrk tor ti. 

ot 

Oov•nu.rc, 

wheth8r the 

the 

Wor.Uon 

..,_tar or the 

WI 

arts.ole 

o1M11titd 

-.outd 

or 

i.w 

not; am 

~11 

theretoro 

ba 

would 

~ 

not 

~ UableJ flt'• U' the 111'S:tea- hid bee apl0194 in Go'9rmmt Pt"YiM, Md 

obila1md olaal1t.le4 Wormation at that UD.e • but 'h ~ti an bad 

\'teen declw1t1ed 'bef'ore· ho 1ft"Ote hi• art1cl•, he would not be liable • 
YtM 1'111 r-.1.i• tha't -.bat I ba"9 jUat indioattd put.a the- lNr'MD 

~ 

~ 1Wpcmild.1S:trr an upm )'Oil • plllher ot tbe jcmna1. ot ilae 

kt 1ll*l .._ llldiTidual 10> MDd.te • ..uoi. tflfr pubU.-

'td.m, 1r 1» -.. ~ 1'*at he i• dlealoliae. .ta ol.M1itied. Wmw.tt-. 

U hi hM blftZ" bfl4 Mc911 to the illtOl'IDt.tlCD )7 ~ ot hie tmp}.OJlmct. •~•·need. .-Wano fMN or Ylolatirag the 1- (it' tt. Wl 

pau•) a but U be did i.... ll004l88 +A> tbe itLtOn1at1m. ~ that it w 

olw1fted at ~ t.im u ohtat.Jll4 s.t, the 11J 1110D.ld i,. h1• r_,..sw111r 

to oheck With ti.. llltbar1tdea beton writiac hi• artiol• ·tlr' di101oll111C 

tlMt inl'clnlatim to 11\fbod;y. 

In ahcrt., ..... ~ t1l9 'bill~ to aooc.pliah 1• to pretrmt e11tm' 

1'111M or~ dinlo•ure or otn.oUlJ.T alMeltied intCrat.Uca 

-.! in no ~ t• &1mec1 at the 9Uppl'Wdca ot ~on o'btaiM4 tran 

othar ...... eaoh .. gen..:1 libftz-1•, per1o41oat.. 1'Wlipapen. or 

olita.1M4 by ~ reeee.rch. 

2 
-~-· 

..... REF ID:A4148467 TEXTBOOKS ' SOLVING 

ELEMENTARY CRYPTANALYSIS SIMPLE SUBSTITUTION CYPHERS 

~ \ 

l-IEADQUARTERS • • • • • • BURTON, 01-110 

Harold G. Hayes Colonel, Signal Corps Chief, Army Security Agency Washington 25, D.C. 

Dear Colonel Hayes: 

PLEASE REPLY TO: 

Burton, Ohio 

June 16, 1948 

It has recently been brought to my attention, through the efforts 

of one of our members, a Chicago_ lawyer, the enclosed ~111 which 

was introduced by Mr. aurney before the Senate of the United 

States, at their 80th session. 

We are now wondering if this bill, should it become a law, in any 

way effect the future policies of this organization? We hope to 

continue in the future, as in the past, to publish out-dated 

systems and methods of cryptanalysis of ciphers, unless, of course, 

we are held in check by this proposed bill. 

Your agency, as well as other governmental agencies are t·rell aware 

of the contents of our magazine, "The Cryptogram" s1nce you are 

on our mailing list, and therefore, are in an exoellent position to · comment, if you will, on this proposed bill, should it became a l~. . 

Perusal of the bill, brings one or two questionable points to view, 

which have been underlined in your copy. We realize, howe~rer, that 

all of the clauses involved pertain definitely to "in any manner 

prejudicial to the safety or interest of the United StatesL or the 

benefit of any foreign government to the detriment of the united 

States", but feel obliged to inquire if there can be any misinterpretation of the contents of the bill which will curtail our activi t1es. 

Any comment that you care to make, will be deeply appreciated. 

Sincerely Yours, ~ 

~ 

~~i~~ ~William G. Bryan, Publisher 

American Crypt,ogram Association l 
Copy: 

80th Congress ·2nd session. 

.REF ID :}l4148467 ' 

s. 2690 

(Report No. 1433) 

Calendar No. 1480 

IN THE SEBATE .OF THE UNITED STATES 

Mr. Gurney introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 

referred to the Committee on Armed Services. 

A BILL 

To enhance further the security of the United States by preventing disclosures of information concerning the cryptographic systems and 

the communication intelligence activities of the_ United States. 

Be it enacted by the Senate and Ho~se of Representatives of the 

United States of America in Congress assembled, That whoever shall communi~ate, furnish,. transmit, or otherwise make available to an 

unauthorized person, or publish, or use in any manner preJudical to 

the safety or interest of the United States or for the benefit of 

any foreign government to the detriment of the United States any classified information (1) concerning the re.ture, preparation, or 

use of any code, cipher, or cryptogra~h1c system of the United 

States or any foreign government; or (2) concerning the design, construction, use, maintenance, or repair of any device, apparatus, 

or appliance used or prepared or planned for use by the United 

saatea·or any foreign government for cryptographic or communication intelligence p.ur.pase.d.;: ::on (3) concerning the communication 

intelligence activities of the United States or any foreign fovernment; or (4) obtained by the processes of communication inte ligenoe from the communications of the United States or any foreign government, shall be tined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more 

that ten years or both. 

SEC o 2. (a) The term !'Jclassified information" as used herein shall 

be construed to mean information, which, at the time of a violation 

under this Act, is, tor reasons of national security, specitically designated by a United States Government agency for limited or restricted dissemination or distribution. 

r,(b) The terms 11 code 11 , 0 c1pher 11 , and "cryptographic system", as 

used herein shall be construed to include in their meanins, in addition to their usual meanings, any method of secret writing, and 

any mechanical or electrical device or method used for the purpose of disguising or concealing the contents, significance, or meanings of communications. 

(c) The term "foreign government" as used herein shall be construed to include in its meaning any person or persons acting or 

purporting to act for or on behalf of any faction, party, department, agency, bureau, or military force of or within a foreign 

country, or for or on behalf of any governaent or any person or 

persons purporting to act as a government within a foreign country, whether or not such government is recognized by the United 

States. 
--~:·-___ , .. ' 

s. 2680 -- 2 e REF ID:A4148467 _, 

(d) The term "communication intelligence" as used herein shall 

be construed to mean all procedures and methods used in the interception of communications and the obtaining of information 

from such communications by other than the intended recipients. (e) The term "unauthorized person" as used herein shall be 

construed to mean any person who, or agency which, is not authorized to receive information of the CfJtegories set forth in section 1 of this Act, by the President, or by the head of a department or agency of the United States Govennment which is expressly designated by the President to engage in communication 

intelligence activities for the United States. 

SEC. 3. Nothing in this Act shall prohibit tke furnishing, 

upon lawful demand, of information to any regularly constituted 

committee of the Senate or House of Representatives of the United States of America, or Joint committee thereofo 

••• 
... REF ID:A4148467 • 

You will realise that what I haw just imlioat.414 put. the burdel1 

or .... pona1b111ty not l1pon you u publi•her or ti. jours.l or the 

.AJ!lsociaticm but upon thl 1DU.v.t4-l who .wntte 112'1 art:S.ol• tt# puhlie&-

tiCll'l, it h9 knclrB that What he 1a d1•o.losing ia olaeaitled 1nf'onaatim. 

It he baa never had aoceaa to tM inton.ati• by Yirtue ot h1• •pl.,-

:n.-it, he. too. nood rmt.rta1n no r .... or 'ftol&ting tht i-(i.t • 11111 

pM8U )& but it hit did haft &00ff8 to tb9 informatiaft, bolt8 ~bat it WU 

oluaitied at ti. tiM h• obtaiJMd it. ~it would be Id.• r•ponsibiliV 

to chltck wi t..l\ the authoriti" betOl"9 Writing Id.a azotioa or diaoloaing 

the intoru.tion to ~· 

In abort, what the bill &bis to &oOClllplish ta to pz .. 111ttt eit.har 

willtul or inadnrtent diaclolUN ot otticia.11.y olutitiad intonu.ti• 

and in no....,- ia aimed at tho auppr•11on. o£ int'orution obta111'*' tr0111 

other- aouro ... euch • genft't.1 libral'1.ff, pe!"lodio&l.a,, nnapaper•• or 

obta.iMCI b7 indtlp9tldeitt n•earch. 

2 

l!AnOLO G. !IA!ES 

Colonel, Sip&l Cor,PI 

Chiet. J:nq Seou1'1. ty ~