e REF ID:A6668'9 

Director of Logistics 

General Staff, U. S. Army 

ATl'N: Ch, Foreign Mil Aid Br 

-~~-J. 17 FEB 1949 

Issue of Converter M-209 to Foreign Nations 

Director of Intelligence 

Lt. Col. Hiser/147 Ext_ 462 

1. Informal advice indicates that it is pr.esently planned to ship a small 

number of the Converter M-209 to Turkey to pennit instruction of Turkish military 

personnel in the operation of this equipment. This Division believes that the 

policy under which this equipment is made available to foreign nations through the 

various aid programs should be reexamined. 

2. The Converter M-209 is a low e_chelon, non-registered cipher device used by . 

the U. s. Army below division level and is still a standard item of issue. During 

the past war the Converter M-209 was issued to allied troops, including the French, 

Brazilians, and Mexicans, an::l, since the war, has been furnished in token quantities 

to various South and Central American countries through military aid programs. In 

no case since the war have sufficient devices been issued any foreign nation to supply its tactical organizations. From information available it appears that the 

equipment has been used for instructional purposes at foreign communications schools. 

3. It is an accepted principle that the provision of security equipment and 

procedures for military comniunications of any country is a matter of concern to that 

country alone, except during wartime when requirements for inter-allied communication may dictate the need for modification of the principle, in which case special 

cryptosystems are provided. Particularly in peacetime, it is unwise to give wide 

dissemination to our security procedures since it permits a potential enemy to prepare himself to handle our wartime communications. Were security methods static, 

possible harm would be minimized; hcnvever, this is not the case since, as the art 

develops, procedures improve and the ideas are incorporated in the training literature. If this literature is widely disseminated to friendly foreign nations, then 

_the chances of a potential enemy knowing our latest methods are vastly improved. 

The only defense against this situation is to strictly limit the dissemination of 

such information. 

4. It should be pointed out that cryptographic documents used below division 

level must be giv,en a low enough classification to permit their issue to and use by 

troops. Storage facilities in the lower echelons will not permit general issue of 

documents classified higher than RESTRICTED. With respect to.the M-209 itself, it 

is a copy of a commercial equipment which can be purchased from a manufacturing concern in Sweden, and therefore does not require classification. 

5. The method of operation of the M-209 as used in the U. s. Army is a purely 

U. s. development. Instructions obtained with the Swedish device are nowhere near 

as complete nor do they provide as secure encipherment. 

6. The cost of the commercial device, comparable to the M-209, manufactured . in Sweden is approximately $250.00. The U. S~ manufactured approximately 112,000 

of the devices during the past war with a lead time requirement of approximately 

one yea;- .r_l!P,~:P. .. ?~~~+r~~,..ion of the contract the tools, dies, and fixtures used in 

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SUBJECT: Issue of Converter M-209 to Foreign Nations 

the manufacture of the equipment were destroyed. Available information indicates 

there are approximately 32,000 M-209 1 s in Z/I depot stock. The T/E of an infantry 

division cans for the issue of ll7 of the device. 

7. It is apparent from the above that present stock quantities of the Converter 

would permit no large issues of this equipment to foreign nations an::J. still retain an 

adequate war reserve for our ovm forces. Due to the.high comiilercial price per unit 

it is unlikely that any foreign nation would find it economically feasible to outfit 

its armed forces from the Swedish source. · 

S. No advantage can be seen in training foreign communications specialists in 

the use of an equipment if they will not have the equipment available during their 

normal duty, particularly since U. S. communication security is jeopardized an::l the 

security of communications of the foreign nation is not improved. 

9. In view of the above, this Division recommends: 

a. '!hat the Converters now on requisition by the American Mission for Aid 

to Turkey not be issued. 

b. '!hat, without prior approval of this Division, no further issue of the 

Converter M-209 or associated instructional documents be made to foreign nations or 

to military missions for instruction of foreign military personnel. 

MEMORANDUM FOR RECORD: 

/s/ LCM 

LIONEL C. McGARR 

Col, GSC 

Assistant Ex.ecutive 

This correspondence.is a reexa.miri.ation of the U. s. policy permitting the 

issue of the Converter M-209 to foreign nations under the various Arms aid 

programs. It recommends that no further issue of the device be made without 

prior approval of the Director of Intelligence. 

GOPY/