I ;\ ' - ~ :';o RE-F~B-:-~-2-1-6-4-------~-----. ,..,....,._.~~"'"'""· -~._. 

--~:-c· =-'":~-f 

i 

/ 

"""""' 

... .--.... ... ,,... _______ ..,, 

tbia iawa\ioa relates to or,ptoarsphlo q.steu ad an ob3eet. of the 

inftlltioD. ta to proVide a . OJ'J'Ptopapll tot- eileipheJ'lag am.d· deei.J,'-h011Jtg :messages 

auto11aucani, ra.pidlJ' ~d 11\Y a aetbod which, .M>e!ng &~eolutelJ aperiodlc.J 

;rendeJ"a the· C?7.Ptosram• ssolvable w1 tbout the _key • 

. , ttirther object. of tbie inYSat.ion .ifi ~ Pro'fi~ion .of a crntoftl'aph 

t\oatrolled 'b1 memil eoonittatacl with a ai_pher-k.q traraaaitter thl'oap wh1oh 

is passed a kq tape which s.enes a• the b¢.n.I elemnt ·.tn the··micd;plutraeat 

or deciphe.raeD.t of. aesaage1. 

A t'urtherobject·O: this invention .ls the ~fdou .or a Cl")'Ptograph, 

.-hicb., <hotlgh eaploJing for i'ta k•11tig elem.mt.· a ·plu:ral-mit-oOde ot the· 

iavdot type (a code ot thi.rt.r-tao · p.-tat1ona), n.ev.ertheless produces 

crrPt.osr&ls the chane'bez"s of which are restricted \o the t.wm.tv-s1x le~"ter.8 

ot tJle ·al.pbabet;.. In th1a respect the orntogr.aph e=lud•-e tho a&a&l. aix extra 

hudot chara.ctera·, the trctad.i9e1cn or •bich oeauions •ch dit.tieul ty 1u 

ordinarr talqraphj' by the Korse .Upbbet.. !he •7 iA uhic!l ·these .six extra 

characters are eliminated -GOafJ.t1 tutes one ot. ·tbe. mdqae .ad important. fMt\U'ef 

ot oar inYention. 

.A f'carther.· ·object of this l.ra'f'm.Uou 1s t.o pro't'ide a cr1ptopaph adapted ·to 

tanatio:l ·e,ithv indopendent"J¥ as e.. eelt-containe<:i C17PWg?"aph1C unit• o:r in 

cmjuncUou ·td. th a ia.depeDden t;. t.7pevi ter h&'Viug a. etandard typa11'1'1 tU" kqboard. lo the f'ire·t cause,- tho or.rptoil"a~ ·lilabs ao pezwanat ncord -ct the. 

meaa.ie.t. ~t aerel7 prodUcea· visual s1pwd&J ia the :seccad caae_, the ~17pto--

. . . 

gaph. ll&kGs possible the production of a ·mtteil reco~ or the ae-eufage• · 

.A ·.rur.iher object ot W.a 1nvmti01l i.s tho Pl'OT111on ot a cryptograph 

tunc.u;aμag flt 1b:F·trmn.ttt1ng end of a COJllillm11c~tion qatem as a uui11 for 

direc\1.y· ~trolling ·a telegraph tr.sasa1tter ·keybo&?"d, so tha.t tbe in.telllpace 

........ 

., • •I 

l . . I 

• I 

I i 

• •I • : .. h: • • -~ . ' 

. ·.:··. ·":·. 

... '; 

... · . 

. ·.·. ;:·: 

. :. 

>j 

·., ) 

. J -~ :. ... c .. G.¥ __ ,a;sc .sc;:: .... ws .. ,;s_;a~·s.. a z . . 4.& z . .'.sz t ... ;.: .. t• ~.<. .... ,· .. / . .... ® ......... ;_._ ....... QA. 4 2£.t. A .. @ •. 41.1..ZA 

JA'pproved for Release ·by NSA on 11-20-2013 pursuant to E.O. 1352§ 
REF ID:A5221.64 

-·----.-~--·-·· .... --- . -··-- ·----·-- --·- --·--·--.-· --- ... - ..... ··--~ 

·~ . \·: 

\ 

..___ ... 

··V-' . . to'.be.~t.W io 111--.t1call7. enaipbered,bet•.re· tr.anminion.; ad 

·•im:UariJ::, .4~ :th• race1Villg end,. a ao~dl.ng. 017Pto~ tunoUon.s aa a. 

aea:u· tor' 'iu<lir.·ecU, ~-troll1ng. al1 Ol'dillar1 t.nnri• ao · t.hai the :intelll.-

,• ·;:_. • .. ·:··· :· ... 

t.1]>8ft'i ter.: .. 

. . 

that iq :_praettc4ll.J· all tho _pOrtable ~icalt elecirlcal, or eecbei._ 

elocrtri.~l ·er,yptograpm.o .devloe~I or · qstme heretoto~ · ~eowiHd~ -.be' ar,pt.o.. 

papidag·_ me, dU17PtograP.htag. Of: Cet;Sagea. is entlrCu-, CGin.trolled by el.ate 

e.11 eiibodied ·:wdthin the ruchanisia i~eltJ ·that .1.E·,· the b~si~, ~ 1DTi.ri.ab1e 

el~t.e .. :. Coacuned .ill· tb.G ."~tograpb1C tre&~t, as. ·wu as ... the ~~g. OF 

. . 

vsrialil;e e).;e!l*.lts for ~.tl'Olliq. ad c17pt0g~p!dc __ .trea.taont. a.re _1.nt.egral 

p&\l"t:li ·~r ·1*fl device or appa.r&ws •. Ia O.v~i:Utμict.ion to w.~· ·aituau.cm,. 

1n ~ ·in•enUon, ·onq_·~ ~sic.t"_or ·1Dvadabl~···ie®ts-"OO!l~ed ia ·the 

c.17ptograp~c ·vea~t. are·. ·1~..egrsl. pu•t1' ot the· .modwniaa. ·.the keJ.ing, or 

variable··~i--ts· 'betng .1'he:llt. iDde-ent of thf a~hai~ iiselft •!1. ao1u1i:at. 

ot an -~oou:s factor. wh1• :.me.b. p.r0~J.1· -&8SO:ci&ted With ·the· Jiecbanisa. con• . . 

trolcs Ue 'basic or. ~*1at>i(ia· eleae:its=ot. the.· •*'hml•. ·SA c~ptographine '• ... .. . . 

ad· deornto::r&ptd.n.t;- -1!11.~~P.¥.oe... 

·.'. 

: ·· ·: ····~·~:2 ts· a vin' in aide ~ie-h.~oxi aliodng·····pet.· ~ 'tho ci>&itator 

01" ~~h~~:- :~ dni~.. . . , 

· . . _: ·~-ft~:s ehows th~~ psi-t ~r th~ =-tat.or ··llbicli e.urie~ t.he ratchet . . '·. 

ae~iSil ' . . . _.:itifi . . ·:wo .acluiiea an 1.Uust.Tati~ ··of· . . -~ .. noel· etepp!n& aapet. ~ 

.......... , .. : .. ·. ·:' . .,..~, .:· . . · ........ :.: .. . 

· · :._·:·_it,:i.~• ahowm a ~c.m· ot ~e·.~-1.stor.cer~g ·e ar.r-M~ct; ·GE 

pina Oil · .it.s J'iaj. 

. . . .......•.. <- .. ?.P:·~.,,.;.' ... ~4!¥1.-. ·- .... , ... -.A. ·•r . .J .. .,._a .aTrnam.a. saw ....... a .... a .. ma:suaa.aww:μu 

'·: . . . ~ 

· . 

·. ~· 

. . ·;, ~ 

·.· .. ·'.·.I 

... ·:· ··' . •; 

; ~· .·· .. ~: 

.. I 

·:1 

-:::"::-'.-'._·:~ . I 

.-·~ . . ·: . . . . . I 

.. i 

. i 

.... I 

. . . . ~ 

.... ·.1 

. ·i 

·' . ' • • • • I 

.; 

.·. ·-'i 

.:···:: 

: . .... 

. · ... 

. ·. 

'· . ··=·· ·_..; 

.··-:.:·:; 
;-------:·--·-.,.-·~· ----:----:-···-::-:-···,.-~-<~--:~·---·--- -·-- ---···.:·-'.-~E-. ID.:.A5221 .. 6.4 .. ··:· _. _. . • ) . r . 

I 

!.· 

: 

I 

-~ -~ 

. ···: ·. · · ·f1i •. 6 .is ·.a. ·v.ln 1a slilo ele'\fa"tica.: .-ahOw:lag ·a d.etail_ .4 th•· :COmmJ·ts.tn 

·dr1 v.9 a4 ·teuioama: mot.o,.~ ad. . . . 

· · .n.g.&· ia· '" plan· 1'.1• .P~UJ' m .-~ of.' ·tbe comw~wr drl·w ·and 

autouUc. -co.ia~l ~enf'or. 

t·t .:1. ~e•Gd tb8.t an expla~U:oa. of .the &ChaP..t1c -reprnentati«t ot 

O\tl" inventio1( .. ;dp. ·toJ'll the. best -l>es1e tor 1ta uiMleratan&.ng. ·tmr! tb.e:retor• 

· reteren~ ·:"'1;11 .be aade· mor.o particularl)- io "J'1pr.e L. $D :thia Jigm"e) 1 

·represa~·· the Jtqboatd ot the emtograph,· ·tiie &ri9fmg~ent. ·ot t.be t.._\J'-slx 

kera th~t ·.botng that· ot the :1>taadartJ.. vPnrt w k91boari •xcept tu.t onq 

i .... t.,-aix :key• ·CORes,pon.di.Ag to the. t~tr•etx ·letter• of the alt)babet. are . . . . . . . . 

illcll1ded~: t~eh· k91 ot ·tbo·kefbo~ ·operato11·.arJ· e].8(1.tdoal .eon·tactt as. ahom 

·s4heu.t.i~ .fol": the •q• ·.ad· • k~7a. :rn· .~1 tton., ov ktf'"board ls :,a"Videi . . . ·. 

. · .. ·. 

:.· .. · .. .. . ·. :."· 

.. .· .. · ·. ·. 

' . ,, .... 

........ ·. 

: .', . : .. ~- ·=· ·: 

.. 

·.•·.'· .. . · 

. ··. ·: ~ •. . .... 

·.= =:·:· · . '·. 

"'boercts. ot -t1.f.a type are weU .tnol.i "111 the an .-id re®i·A· llO tUrt.~er deacripUon •. · <>· ·:·.,·~ . . . · .. ' . . ·. . . : · .. : 

. : . . : -~. ?:·~·:j 

":"· ·:··.: 

·-~· :d.pber \lbeel or eommt&~:I' 1·s aboa .. ·at._ 2 in ·ti·iOJ'e 1 •. I\ mq be aade· "<.·/·) ··· .. •. 

:" ··. ~ :. · .. ' .. 

···: .. ·. . . 

chan&ing d.Vice tor oarr'11nl f'U'tr-ttro bn--.iype.contact.i n.r:ransed tn two . . . . .. ·.·i . 

: ;: 

·. : .-·: . . 

ot the~ 2.,, the- othsr sat bein.1 similar~ placed. oa the rneno tace 51 of 

the- llhe•l.~ !he·. t.W.tJ:-alx ·•tact;. - eau .tace ... ~ged .eqvidiatantJ.y .. 

. , 

hom· oa.e.·aa~~er 1.D.· a cbole ,aaJ.ccent. to the· periphery o·r the face, ~e coat.acts· .. : . . 

on tbe ·o'hvfl"lle- face ·heiug. connected to ·t:bOse: On. ·the reYRae faoe bJ' aeaaa ot .. ~. ": 

. . . :: ._·: ~ : . . ! flezi.ble, ·ill;511la·t.a crm..dueton which pass ~&h. the :inter.tor of. t1l.o eheel• .· .. ,_. _ 

as sbo-m: ·a~~~:$.caU1 aad. lty ft1' ot-· G'AlllJ].e. J.A·· J'ipre 1, tor ·tllO pairs of >::, ·_;<<_·· ... : ..•.. • .• :- :: ~: ;·": . . • . • .. · . ."·j:· .•. ·: : 

ocrataew~:· ',· -!~.· Cipher ·wheel or. ao~utat.or :tS. ·.:~:~pcm the _shat~ 1, vbich ··: -~~.\2·:.;~ 

oervei.a;·.e.,-·.da .iiout. wbich ~ \'Fheel··-. "'*tato •. ~e .ca.it.nu. ot th• o'bve:r.se ·. >;··~.<:/ 

r.~. :~, ::_oi,··.~ .cipher· ·Wheel press· against ~-1-~ar~g ·.type ~.tuts lll'J'Ma.i· ::/. {V/{~; 

on .t.hG :~:'.·.ida.te 4J t.he -aoatiaAts of'· the rf:jv.•reD t4ce s, .. of the. cipher 'Wheal ''.')::'.t~~~,:i; ..... ·::::~<//; 

/.":.·:. ··:. • • • 1·'."' • -~ • 

. . 

: ..... E 2 ·1? .· ··~··. . . : .. A; •.. _ ..!£Z!i! .. -4i0..-('".:~~""*~:w;::~""":":.·.,... ~ .. : .... ~'!i-_. -~ ···°:4'!E'":f~'%:-:.~.P.-f-1l: .• Q •••. C·-:;:.;...,:£!."".· .... = ... -··'"'": .~z,_.. ·- .......... _ . ·#-. .A .,. · .. u .... ~-·.K .S4t ... · c .:···:..····. 

;c .. 
REF ID:A522164 

;

,.,,.. . -~- .... """'-""'" ........ ------· ....... ~·:~·-... ·-:--·-· - .. 

.. •• ;.,. :JI! • '). , 

-· .. : . - -·------·- ·::-··· ""':~\---.. . . ···, ; 

J . 

::·· ! 

• . ..... 

. . . :"'11 & e~... . .TJ:Le (dpbb.r. ':fb.eel :rotate& be~Wo.m. tll&lhl ti.zed. .;tl&tea 4 ad .g. ac· . 

·ihAt ~- eant~~-t on the· obverse ta• s, of ·the cipb.ei· "lheel _p:reeeat.s· 1~· 

in tT.ata, .. f.o.·. ~~-~ eont?."1.ct. "Oil- p.l;;.te 4, ad eael:t ~ta-ct &n· the r<iversa race: S;.:. 

. . . . 

o! the, : c1~3:•· .- .wh~el .l)re!l«i ~ 1 teelf" in tum to · eac:l:l can:tact on plate 6, ae. t.b.e 

. . ~ ; . 

. · .. ! I 

. ', .. I 

• I • • • • ' 

~- . . ; ; :. .· .. 

. .... ,· ... ·:. ':: 

.. 

. . .. :· .:·:·:· ·· .. : -

. ... : : .. ·; .. ~ 

. : .... ~~ .. ~~.: .· :· .' .':" 

· .• ='.. ·.· 

•, •" I• 

.. . . 

. ::··.: . · ... : .. :·.:·.·. 

r~speeU~~ .:C<Kl!lect.ecl ·by CODd.o.ctora to a. bsak -•t tanty-11.x· electrical elemento.···_:Y/::·;··:_.·;, 

.which liUij. lj>e., ·~l laapa, rol.&T~i ·o~ -itol.Oids. _Qn].y· t'IO: o.f· tthioh are .sho:wu .. as ·!<·:/.~·_.:.·(> ··: ··; .:)_·.:.'·:· 

. . - electrieti. -8laenu· .11.i· tt.11s brt..ttk .are J.aaps.. As Sbollll b.. Fi-~ .l~ me th• tey . . .,.Q• 1a depreeaed, asswa1n.a ~cipher wheel to·-~ in the podt.ion 11\d.ieateil iu .· .. 

. . 

·tatte17 ll tbrO\lgb cenductor lt, .closed eontet. at the •Q• keJ, ~-lJ.; 

contact "14: ."o~. tt-.:1 pl&te 6, CO!ltaet li. cm. ·Cipher .•el. ·i., ·aouduo·w.r ie.,. 

ooata.ct. i"i. ·· ,,. · .. ·ot ·. ··cipher ··$81 2, . eontnct l8 of Pl&.te ••. ccmnctoi- . 19,, ~- . , . . . 

· 1up .20.; ·~due.tor 21 to· negative of bai.teJ7 U... Laap 20 has a trmual.uce\lt. . . - . . 

. . . . . . . 

Bence~. d.et;~•ision ot ·the ke7 ·•Q't Oft· th& ke7bo&.rd -gl~e.s· th_e ,cj,.~r naultent. . . . . . . 

·~· ;. '1a4tt;_·.th~· conditien!l speoU'i.d • 

. ·. ·· ... · .. :· .·· .... 

-'~~e-· thztt the °k&J' ·•P ot the k.boU-4 1e 4epresus.d,, inatoeaa ot ..... 

. . . . ~. :~"·.• 

_; :·.". ·: ... . ·. ·. 

.. ·;· . :·. l :: :· •. • 

. ·. ~·. :_. ... 

. :···· : 

. • ·~ .. ·• ;.~r .:. : •• :. 

.. '/ :·· ''\: .. : ·.,. ....... ! : 

. .. · ... 

. ,,: · ... : .. : ..... ~ . .:'; . ~ : · .. 

'Ii'" tou~~--;:t.&~- ·path ee\ u.p·for t!e electrloal con.et,. it ·uUl 1iae um tll&t 

tho · ~'..·.i_~··:•m be lifbt.ed.. be, reciprod·tt 1a· ·e.tablishsd btlt•• the: . : : . . · .... .. · ... : ... :~· .... · 

k•• ·on.· ·.~·.,k.1boal'd' aad· \he lap• :so th&t .1t_, r.r· -~ple., Q =.•, :1a end:~ · ·.· .· .. \>·.< ·.. . : ;:·· . ., 

illC1 ·fi. ··: ·(i,_-,~ .. deci~ •... T.bft. 8am,e No.1~: r.latioo.~bip Cml be eata\ilsbal .· \/::<~··:·~ . ·:-·::··· · .. ··. ·. . - . . . . .... :. ·."' 

~t. ' .. "1pbabet "7 ........... -. the· flllld.bl.o Condlic\or• h tl:e liltel'ic -.••· ;(()}:_; 

oi ~ .. cti~c;t· .wheel la ·a ag~te· llODA'~ j;o pai"4. eoatacta: on the obYerse 

- ~~· ~ of • e1glier 111aeal. . . ·_ . . ..• ·._ ' . ·····'If.~:· 

. ~:.~~ -1 --stati-•'h .the ni.iti;mald.p beWe• tH .07 : ·_;:~r: d~thJi~cf:::~~··tbc .i,up 1llmd·nate4, th.°"t ·1a·,· .the: ·8t;\lival.ence_ ·bet.ween. pl.ala-._. :·.' · ..'·.·:·)~ .f ... _ .... ·;.~: 

....... . ·:: : .. 

....... . -·.: -----·-··-·· . .., ·- . . - : . .. . . . .. ---. .--,. ..... _.--·. ·- ·•:· 
REF ID:A522164 

'!" .. ,.: .. : .. ·- -·· -~ .• ·:--'-;·-~7·:::-:-.'.~· -7-.-- -·- -~.--:---:-·· ---:-:-·-·--- ··- ..... 

, .. : 

. r 

teXt and"~~ le:tter.e·. •Uld be -t!Dt· for Qoh nl"itt.e. "of .thit ~twior ot ·the 

c1~ ~. But. the ci~er noel is ~tatahl.e ·and. hence -this relat101,asbip . ':'- ... 

· 1.:t: subJ·ect ·" vanattma.. As thus t• daeeriW Ol.11' .cipber ,aeel 1.e bt ·no·~·· 

no'"1 "t'D ·.th~ lkrt. elm.la~ Sheels )1dl\g. well .~011.l k .other_ ~··· . Ou~ 

. . . 

·t..e . ..,_ ·u·· 'w:t&lCh tile !'Bla.Uonahlp. bat.wen: .ptfiit\-tUt and .. otpher l'Gtte.rs· :la 

"YM-ied ~6 ·0011trolld1 ad. t.·hon. teo..tures wUi no•. be. :preaanted. 

. . 

· .. the. 'rim ,Qr ·ttre. ·of :OU . C.iph~. wJIMl r 2:f. ie .~ed. wi ~ l!O· · plae U"tal'l.fletl· 

·1n. ·fi'!8 superblpoeed bsade, each ~ 0011s.iat.iag ·ot 26 equ14UtanUT.-apacat, . 

p-1••• ·tbese· p1ri9~ 'l!hiCh are ope:rel>J.e iD.d•pendaat.1.f,. art11 F.et:er&bq arranged . . . : . . . . . . 

1a =PDOP& ·ot -~;~.S.we· traiuw.ereol.T .f4. tbe rim .. ta,ee,_ -and. are =~s1Uoud tor . · 

pGJ'JSUtatiw. ·.-op~ation. ~ accol'dance= ·with the ·penmtatlone ot . a ~ 'mdt . .· . . . . ... . . . . . . 

code ea.eh .as ibc s..:anit .or Ba'Qdot code... ·ifo ·e:tplat.a.. wlla~ ~s --.t, w. ••1 -7 . . .· . . . . . . . . . . . . 

that -~ ·to the Baa.dot eode, the :Pftlnftl.t&tim ·ot· olaea.te. tor t.he .letter . . . . . . . . . . 

A, for ~ple,,_ .ts re~~d. :thuas . ..;. .. i ~ ~ ~ . .~r .wr. ~see 11e: .. •J¥· let 

th.•+ dt'-' ·1ndi·eate that a pin 1a to be p0:d;t1one4 ror posiUve ·oPG:"UoD:,· 

the "!"!"ai~~: ta:t 1 t· 1• ·""to. be l&tt in tu. inoperative .or ·macu. w PQD1 ttcm~ 

In 11@ilnt 2_ ~bere. ts_ a~. a. 'Vin 1n idde el.~UQD o:t c. ~t.ion of t.. ~ ~· 

of t.bo cipher.· "tlheel. or COl!dtato.r, wi.tJ:L the pins .now 'be.\Ag i!ucribed... The a ·. . . . . . /\ . 

pma bdi~W· '9' dotted linea 1n ~e· tipre- i'epresmt piu ·whiah nw bom 

. . . . 

le:t• a~eaJ.- ia theu iD&CtiYe .posttiou1 'Cilla p1Ds 1Dd1~ted. tfr_.vhole line.a 

reir..mt.··. piil"iil. llhicdl h.ave been· el..nated into their . acuve 90slttms. th• 

peNata~~a hift-w Ja l'1g11;,e /eone8J"Xld w .the - a1lll'&la - tba 

lottera. -~-, :~ end· A· "Dae order of the- ~ettw.a in .figue ~: s.a,, of'. eourse, OlllJ . . . . . . .. . . . 

...... ·-... : ... . ·. ' . 

.. .· ..... i

: -: 

.. · . . . . 

_,.,.. .· ·. ! 

.\· .. : ... 

~ : ... . ..~ .. : : 

. . :. '. . ': · .. ~ 

. : · .. ·..:-·.~ 

' 

... · 

. . ' . . : . j 

. . ' 

:·:· : ·:i 

\ . . . . ;. . ~ 

... :- . ! . . . . . ·. 1 

.· .: ·. ~-:~ ~J 

' .. : 

·: .... J 

... ·· .. ·.- ~ 

• • ,f 

~ .; : ·.· ~. : . 

:·· ·. .. 

···: ·~ . . : .. ·. / .... 

.. : 

... · ... . . .. ·.: ~~ :· . 

. ·.·· .. · .. ·:: 

. . ··:··. ··:· 

Ul11a~u ff.; sin.ce .l!ill the ptn.s· o.aD be UTanpcl 1n ·actd:we or 1naet.t.u pooi t10lll: .. 

to coneapond' with UJ' seqgmce ot Sip.ala ot t!le ~-t eode,. ad ·hmce th18 

aeQ.uaae-.a, be var1G4 at m.u. .·.·· .. • • "t ••• 

-: ·. ·:.~- :: 

.#. 

•• ·-·· ••••••••••••• "'!'""= •• 
' 

-:----~--------------·~ REF ID:A522164 

_,,.,,, ... r-. --------.. --.-.....0.::-. ..... :r-o- ---· ··-:·-· ---...... .-.~-------.. ·- ·. ' .. 

J" •• , 

.1"'\ . --~ 

. . . ., I I 

~ta~r tnmalt'ter ·abo• ·ldt.i:d.a "'9 ~t.tat ·Jae blDOk dulpated aa at;· . _, ,., . . . . ~ . . 

22· .la,~ ·.i .• 1iht.ch ecm.s.t.ata e8smtt•l1;r vi. a .ae\ ot S· eorttaot-loYen-· .· . ' 

•••bl• bet--. ·palftd lett aD.d · ript contac\i... :1e1'114lli,. thee oaataot--

~ ·ar. .held. e&&itla:t. the- left.. cqnta~t.,. 'b7· ~o action ot· ras1).e<)·'1ft ~:Ule. 

·81>1'1.n&s, lm.t .~'4 a pin • ~ Ii.a of the· ei~. aeel 1• ia .1h act1• .or · t>..O ~ 14 co..ru.. •i\, ~ 4"'1 ~-f "ts.:\) . : . . . •rat.tw poati.cm~mi -~ thnretore :present. i·ts< 1o tbe coa..tae~c :cl·t.a 

lrhieb it 1.a. asaociated1. ·.it. presses apine:t ~ ~tut,;..lever. Gd ~·. $,:t. to . . . 0-4 ~- -~ t.CA.o.e. .i)~IJ r--<rt;,,._.f~; .i. ·~ ! 

wake -.it.a.ct .a'f. ·the right. fba Jn 'UUdr· tn..cUw po.sitiaa' •·not .. ot ~··· 

" a.ct .. o,.n. theH :eootaoWsven, ·all.fttn1 the· .la.t-ter to r~• QP.illat ~ 

re:apecUn; le-t.~4 ·e:Ol'it.acta. !he·.tuncuoa ·e>t the pfdrod contaet.e.·ccmL~~led 

bJ9 t&. ·mp&cUV. contaot-lwers ot the oam'8t.r trmi8111tter •ill be- mcpl4iaed· 

l .Pol"tiou . .Or the C1phe-.r ·wheel near tb9 edge et the revwse t_. a .. 1.•·. 

torud. to ·ea,rl'1 a l'"atchet. wbeelt 8b.ollll 1n .Ftgan. 5. !hit1i '1."atOhet. moid. .. can~•• 

t.tR!lll~X ·.-.ui&.stamtq-&paoeti· taetb, ·CllllT ttV. ot *1.dl are 3hom in Ii.pre- :$1 

. . 

one tooth being de.atpat.ed as 2s. It· ls likni:le desipatod fS .!A ~r~ .l~ 

Att30C!aW •1th the ratchet. ~ee;i; 1& the pal _.sb.o• at 24,, nsurea. ·1 ad -S.. 

·'fhe ratche.t meel. and pawl, ·iqe:ther Witb e:~.eo~p..t_ 25 and i.t.e .ana~e 4l• 

. . 

11(\lrea l F.IM. 1., de~• ·the ·stop posiUon o! the cipher wheel. ill 1 ta· _rot..aUa 

oa the .ahd't 7, under th" 6.r1ve ot coiled sprJ.ag s,. 11bioh is wolUld or aaintldne4 

under ·a desired 'HUI• by a motor a. ~o,1\-Q.· ~ J\" ~ ~ .... ~~· he.. 

~~~~' . , v .... ') 

Itoten-lna. to. ng.s, tae apr.lng .9 mq .be ®awaim~ housed 1a a barrel 41'·• . . I . 

tl.xed on. tbe 3hatt ·7· tor· inte.gral mov.-et t.bwetd\b ad. ut.h· s~id cipher wheel,. 

. . Si 

-~ 

.· .··. 

vv.· 

which i:; alao ltqed or ot.be-:nrise. :secured to tbe ·elud't 7 • A 1!JOl"m· ~ 48 lurring , .. ·. 

a. hollow i.ib .41 la jOll1'ftaled .for rotation crt ~ 1 ad :rmct1cma-~ 

a&soo:1.ated· in.etnm.ea.tal.1t1ea to n.tu~te t.~sionillg o.prl:i1g e,. one. lSGd ot n.id . .~ . 

·apri.G.g ~ai· eecured ·to_ tb:a wona U.l at & 1 ad tbe othin> md ot tbe ap~g 

being ruw to tho Wft at Q,. Aa before· ota\sd itpr1n« 8 1a uinWaed udeJ!' 'II(" 

· ~~ei.oll b-j' ~toll' m, wb.i.oh "is c0uplod to drive the •I'll wbe.el b7. amma ot .Om 

............... ~.·.:.·-:.· .. •.;-····.:·.·· ... -.-.. ;·.-. : .. ·.- ..... 
REF ID:A522164 

r· 

:_ ..... · · . 

. :. ·: .. . . : . : . 

Aa 1'111- be· .-seen b,y ·nferoi:u:e t;.0:. Fig.a,. the c1rcv1t !or the motA>r,. which 

1

tet.fP.8_ ·.;<\>":_:· 

col.1-ed ·spr.1.rlfl a under te.aalon,. · 1s· -~osed or OJ»Gmed. -aecordiug ·to the degree· -at ·-_...: · ' :·· \,,.·:· ':·: 

tensioa_ ttbiCh. tt ta desired to aaintaia ~pm th& ·aaid ~~; ·the~· i·s,. at·ter the ' .. _: · · ·_:,:·}-, . :· · .. •• =··.· 

. . 

below .e. predErtet.min·ed ·mnimum.._ ·r~r th& purpe·s~ of con·t.rol.Ung this · act'lon, ·:Uie: 

c1rcu_1\ -.~1ge11~t .in· oper~ti~e connect1oi:i wr:Ub ·the -tso·tol".,, oonpi.iees le&4& £$ ajid:. -~;._{:°.:·.: . . ··· .. ·.·: 

_· 54_, irud;~dJ:Jlg a vol-tat;~ Murce 55. . 'lhe motor abaft is .oper·atively oonple4 ~ tlle: <L-rc( .. 

worm g85r. -~ ~1 i.llQa;Q,$ or •· slide coupling" comPrisW.& .co:s_pou.en t~ 56 and 5"1. . ~nm ·. :/!.~>":'.: :;_:? -~.: ..... · 

: .. · 10 .. . . .... 

coupl~n.g is ,gr&du!tlly ·m.oved :a.wa1· from it$ COlBPOO&n:t. m_amber.· -56 due to the- .r.esistance · -<-:,~ · .. · . ' . . . . . . . . :·:: ... ::·:· . . . . . -~ .· 

of. s&i.d sp1•1ng a. 'L'hua the 1.'0l';ia !wheel 43·. tse.ds to. move· :tb.'9 Yior.a .gear as ·indicated..·· ·._ . .f:v·:: 

by th·~-· Ell"Nit ~d 'P.l"Ogr.es.ses ~e mtir,o ~llaf't. ·58. !~. the slid& C®plin.g to -~ r!pt<. 1:·~-:-.r .. . . . . . . . .. : . . :· .. . ::· ·:. i 

(-He Fig.6) against t.he .aetj.oo or ·.sp:ri:ia 59.. .Sleeve 60 ~bicb- ·1a- r.$.g1Cll7 scoured.~---·-. \t·<.; 

.sh.tf'f. ss. ~-B operative throuah .the adJti~table L-eha.pea .mom 61 111ith ap.rag con·i.act ·'·;\;:(.<_:: 

• .. ·· ... r: 

.. \_\,~_-:.:r· 

.. ·,<.·· .. :. . ·: ·J· ·:· · .. "'. ·: ... -mounted. on· b&arillg 64_, in -.hich abaft. SS i·s Journ.al-ed. Block GS .1s _prov·idee. -..1.:tb ·, . . . . . . 

a :n.otch er groove e·5,. 1nto·wich ·the projectJ.on· 66. ·or ~priDg contact meiiber- -6i m.u. ···-\<( '.: . . .··_ ... l:i:··.= .. 

' 

drop. and:_ breek -the- coat.act a.t ·G? to open. the circuit .ud. s.top the S10.tor M. During· ·vi··; • • I : • • I°"• ! :~·· 

this period_ o£ -aperation, 1 t should be no·t.ed thu.t ·tb~ drive shaft 1 is ·held f'roa · · · .ii) .. :·: 

. . . -· 

rota·tion., ·nomill:y, by the armature d magnet ~-~ ~~ 11\ ' ~ .. , .. . . . .... ! 

. 'Whil13 a -spring aotz;r d:rivi»;· m.oclicnis::.l t'Ol' ·t..h~· eivh~r ~heel ·"in. here· .disclosed: 

.: . ~by Wz.J- of· eXAziq:ilc, it ie. ·an.c10r~tc:od thr,t ·other. me:\l:e~o .are ·eon.t.emplate~ su:c!l .as 

Y'-· . . , 

2-_3. : .... ·. ·:. . . . ~· 

.31otcr ud _clutch_, er n ste.pping 1:mgn.et err·nnger.en t,_· or other· S'lli ttlbl~ D.t!!!ZS tbat · ... : ··,_, 

rill ups.rt :nover:ir.n.t. to ·the ciphair ·r.h9el in a.ccor.dance wl. th. the pri!l,c!.ples· of 

the invetl~. 

The aov«tleiit of t.hei cipher "flheel ie J.):roferabl;r step-b1-step_,. or at· .in:ternle 

wbi.ch 11111 b& t¥a.Pl&Uied subsequa t.ly tu. ~i~:a-;i;io g ~ the· Yla"f in 1Shich the 1iho1e 

code t..rmsmi t-ter such. as is empl.oyed 11lth printug telegr~pb equipment .of 

I • • •:" 

.. "':. ·: .. . ;, : 

... · .. 

··.. ~ . 

.. 

i 

·' 
r·--. ·------,,....~.·-;i:o-r-~~io· ~- ... ···------... 

I ,. ,. ' 

. ' 

' 

,/'\ 

RE·~1n-:xs-zrt~------_,,.,...,,,,~--­

('. 

. ....... -· 

bQm. coael'Oial tJpea. Its general tn.t1m,Je. noe4 no.t. lJe .explained,. 

aimilar ·tiaaait\e.nl bCWig ·wen ltn01ll in tba art.. I' 1a: · l!d't:t.cient ·to 

. . 

ae:y here -t~a·t a tape eOtt:taining pdora:Uaaa ~ted· ill a.c~rdec.e '111.tb 

the. Bauaot:_ Code 111 pa.saed -~p. thf..a trma!.:ttV-., sa.tting up .a seria•· ot· 0 · 

. . 

fi•o eoiit.1.ct3 a.au. tbo traaitte.r :iti acc.o~oe dth the li:w;dot Code. 

' . 

Tho -~·a1urad ttmr 1:s• of cour.~e, 4'.lao pr~v1ded 1!1.th · a ~pe-;a~»iu1· aapet 27, 

the f1Hlct.i0n ·of" which. 1$- to step the tape 1.'o1!11A:r.d .at· pr:~pw a·wrval.a·• ?he 

. . 

;>rinc.tp.al . QUfermce ~t."llem. thf:. transmit• a~· u·Ee4 .ill standar:i;t prin.ting 

. tels.C%a.ph ·aqui~t mi ·?.<S used iD .our· .ln~ti«l· 0:(111Si-.St.~ in tbe ft7 1Q : . 

~·~~?;: . ····: ·:·.·I 

. ..:< :. ~ . 

. ": · .. :· 

. ·.: __ .. 

.· .. :

..·.:::-

; '• ···!= 

··: . ·'·· .. 

. :.· . ·:= .. 

·. · .. · -~ 

~ .· -~ 

. . -~. _:.: ·'. 

·.· .. · 

.. ····.· 

.·: ·. 

... · .... ! 

..... 

·.· . ·:" 

· ... 

. -

mi tter· e.re intereorm.ee-.Hd. In ·tb& nor'1itlllj.-ldred transm.tter· ~o f'tve ·ca:t'lt~etr. .. · .· · 

_:_-

leYere. -·au. tb.e·1r tea ~ssoo:.t.a~, paired COl'&·tacta we. iambere. ot .a s.et ot ti••· · . . . 

se.~ate or· 1D.4~mt. circu1tiil ia tu vaait.·ter ~a ·motl1f'J.ed. £n_m 

plrJc,>see ~-live o=tacWevora end their tm -.aocla.ted. pail;"ed cmtacta ~ 

oondv.~tivt·~t.endn.tng amben-. ot a !Jeri.es o1Z'C'Q!.t,. a& u:plaine4 in. -~ . . . . . . . 

-~e. Ci!,)her.C9'1' trmumd.t,. 28_. is ;ascociated m4 i"tmo:t.iocu~· Ja-intl.J' with 

. . . 

the. comuts..tor ·trnsmit:tez tt, ~ co:strol. the &llgolu dieplac•er.its of the 

c.1;.~r. ahee;l. Qi' CCl:Di:m.tator. in tho i'ollov,ing muaor... "!lot& rolttt 28, m.teb is 

energiHd .tv curret ll'Olt .b4t.te17 29, through a path vbtah 'bepua at. emductor· 

SQ m4 .. ~cl.tade~ on.i, toll :ot the. ~wet, CODtofiC:te ad. all ·the contAl.C''-ieY&n· ot 

oouuto.wr trcm,ter 221 ad 11t91 ... tape· transmitto:s.-26,. ail 1·e. ~-pl~tcd along 

cxmdactor 31. . Dote. also the illvatratiff eek,p. o£ contact& ad. ~taofi-lavoe 

. . 

at !i and 26 in 1'1,prc& l, in •hieh a specitie case is ;.reean·t.ed.. ·it. ia aS&Wlled 

~:te that ~- 'tirran1esat 0£ opan.,ti.,.e· piu1 ·on· 1.h~ clphs \Yheel 1Bhicb. ue at 

the\, • ._, pre.a.en..t.tns \h•selves .w. tbe coataeli-leven. of tha -eipher-Deel 

tramemitte.r 22,, carr•apcmds. '° the !i•do\ pal"JJID~tioa tor let~r ":Z"• At 

the. 111:ame moment the ·oharaoler oa the li:-47 t6pe. ad the pmmtation. ot eentaow 

_eset.-UP.· 11.i. tb,1u. t.Jae c!:p)l.~ tr11mai t~ !&, alao a0rreilpo&i15· 'Co the l•.t.ter 

,. •-z• .•. Dote· ·that. in. nu of tbe .llW'Jller 111 :Gioh the t.weav contacts ad tbe 

·.· ... 

/ .. ! 

·. .. : ... 

., • ... 

· ...... . . ....... 

... 

. · . . . . 

.-·: ··:·, 

.. ..... :· . ! .. . ... 

· .. ·: 

.. . . . .. . . .. · ..... :i 

. .. . ... :. ~: 

. -: .. 

. i 

: . ·: ·: ... ·.: 

.... 

·.:: 

.. ~- .. -~ 

. · ... · . ~ . -: . ~ . . ~ 

. , ·. . ·~ 

... 

s: . . ..P ... ... ~< ........ ·"'· ·~ .. -... H .. -=···:··-·..,..,_4iif".'I. · ... :... ··.,,.··: .··r·-... ·.-:-· "".: ............. . }C- M ·<•:P: .. ,.Q.4 ¥.i) .:-~ ... · . ..... ·~·· ... 4 ... J .. 4. ... •~t ... c ... ·.· ... ~-·-:.-·-.:i .... , . 
REF ID:A522164 

r·~·-·.~-~ --·----,·-··--.. --·-=-- -- . -·. -..... -~ 

. 0 

. . ff· t~gh· .r.elq n· i,s GGnpleted ·OD17 .•• the libal! ·ut ot ~lectrtcnl 

co:uioet.toas· :estsb:lt•ed· at ·the. -ci-p!ter-tcq- tr-&Daitter :28., .. · e:o!ad.des rd.th . . 

th·e ·1f!loio. •e-$. of' -conneetiOilft dtal:li:shed ·at -~ comu·tator t.rmumitter 2!.,, 

&m·ee-: u--·•z·· 1.e se\ .• ,.ia· ci~~ mmsm"t~ ·2e, relay 2a ld.11 operate 

aai, .. ·: ~·z• is· eo~ -up in ·the -~·tAtor· trimm t~ .i2.. s1=Uv.i1 .it 1m1 . . . . . . 

·~e~ :·ieth1·, .sq· %•~ .1:$ :fet-·up ~ the ·Cil>~· tran:Sllitter ~; r.ela: 28 

:id~l ~perat.e only ·w.heu •x• 1.lil· .•et tip ,tn the coa!llU~toi· tr.anss:t·tt.er 22, 'lbe 

~pl-~t.o ~th of ·t.be· ·cunen~. ·.daa euela .comold.ance· ot COl:U:!.ecti.ona iD trus- .. 

aii~ta~• ··n. and ·!& ia ·••tA~shed 1:8· as toll01i81· 

· ha po·At.tJ:f'e ot b.att1n7· 29 ~icing conductor so, throu.r,b all tho conti!ct-. 

levaa. Uad.. ·,the 'ten ·asaocia·ted Closed ocm~ts of t.rsn.aittera. ~8 end .22~ .. 

. ~ ~ ., . ...... 

.. : · .. 

. . ·:· . .. . ·. :··· 

. ~ .. · :: : .. 

. ·. ,· ... ~ : . 

. . 

··:.··"': · .. · ..... · . ; ~·: :· : .. . . . . . . . . ~ ·::. 

· .. ·· . : . • .. 

. · .... 

. ·.. 

.··.·, .· 

. .. . · ': ! 

.· ... • .. · 

.. •·' 

. : . _;.: :~: : ....... ;· 

·. ._., ·:· 

· c=dlJct<)~·, i4-~· to o.ogativ:1J· ~t l>&·tteq ·ae;!I lt 1.s ol."Viaoe th:i"t sinCe· tho -smne:ture· · ... ·: ·:··_._:::·. ' • ' • I • i ' •: !":,,,'"' 

Q· -Dad ~-~k ~t~c·t 52 ot relq ·2e t~· ·part,s of'·· the ~ircait t.ol6 me.rg;f.:1nr .·. :: .·. . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . :: . ~. ··:<~/ '. 

. re~:.,,. ·ns· 1oon. o!llt th·e relay bau neet:ve4 .an· ·1'ipui.te and .arao;t."aro 53· i·• ·. ·./.: .. :·. ';·~ -. : . . . . . . . . . . . ·:· .. :· : 

~\~a~_,'>-ee ctreuit for energisi!lg Nla7' 2f! is brokan •t contact ·s2.. Since·· .. , .. ·· .. ·.~ .. >. 

·.a~tra~:·{5····;:1a. oder· tansicn cf .a n.t7aet~l& aprl~g, U' .Mt pr.nm~. traa . :.-··· .. :;···· -~·:·.·. \:~: . .... ··.· .. ·:···_.·: 

be:tag- puile4 be.c.\t ut.o its ao:r.mu pori:UoD on nie.~s.e: ot l"e.l.a7 m,, e.neture 

·u.~tfr.HtabU.ah ·cent.act .ati 52 ad· WOllld aet up .a; chatter~g. But- :the . ·. " _: ... : ·... . . . . . . . . . 

-mecb4mi~·. ·_.rzmgeacte &l'e ··auob t.ba.t nen. anatore ss· ls t11.'°z,. draa 11.P b7 . .. ·. :;. ... ·. 

. . .. . . . 

raa~.g ·to .1t.s. retr•c"i.Gd· goeit.i.on where it C:Bll r~sta.bliah.contact &t s2, 

nW l~Tar S5 ·1a· dl•;>l.aced .. bJ' ~ical.. '1CtioU. to .be deucribed ·later., 

·bu.tUre SJ . or r&lq :28· also controls. the ilapet. :.s, Alrea• :referred ·to, .. 

. . . . . . . 

tor the· •,~r wtdeh. kG.ops ·coll&<l. ·.s._pr.1--"l_g 8 uud.a·r ttb""l.Gicm ii:; clo.se~ or opced 

.. · .... : . . . 

_;: : . .'· ...... - .. ;r . • ,,. .· 

. •,• .... ~ :·_. . .... . '' ·.::••,'r• I 

... ,.: . 

: . . . . 

.· . -~"'· .... ·~· · ....... · ..

·.·:·:>:-~::_;_ .. ,'. 

· ..... _·:· :-: ,.: · . 

.... · .. 

,i .• 

. -..... _.-· ... · ·.·· : .·:' .. 

. . . 

. . : ~ ··: : . 

'. 

. . -:, ·:··· ... 

... 

. . ~ .. 

:'".:.. ·.· 

. ·:.··· ... 
r~~-::-:--;;-. -·-·~-:~-~=~.':--~··-r.: .. ,~~ -·~.--- -.. - ·= 

~ . ~- ~··· .· ~ ~ 

dspedla.g upon tlae ten.:aiOA o' t.be .eprt.n11. that i;s, .after tJut flpr.lng hq· 

.£n.Q-f..st.· .-tension:. the· .aotor ls s~ped ·&4 ·i• ml7 etaJ'i;ed .sf;a1n .aftd 

. ti'tl·tt teft=e.ica ·baa deerl!M.l.&ed bel.K a .e.ort&1n min!Jlam. 'ftle. ro·ts:tt.ozt. of the 

. . 

.elpher· .. i· 1is l&ep-._.tep~. controlled \i;p' t!i8 ·••Ot•t. %5., Ad the _.~tchet 

: ·.··":.·-;-:-~:::-~:'fl:~ 

.... 

=:· ••• •• 

.·· ..... _ . 

·· .. 

re.terr~. ·t.c . .-bove.. Asaume· t.he .eontAc\-1..._e ·in ·tnnaittera 2! ad 28. · . · .. 

':. 

. 0 •. 

r 

1 

t. 

' ' 

aoi u~ ·to ·uU'terent pGl'llD·to..tion:a .so tbfit.. relay 2.8· is not . energized mid 

.. · .. 

hence :~\&ct 56 la clued. .A c1.11-rent s.w.t.- troa positive ot ·battert 37· 

tbrou~. :con.duc·to.r 58,. ~ conta" .58., eoilduc~r •• !>lick contact 40,. 

ariu.tur.e···~·'' ··condnetar ·~·,_-1d.nding ·of up.et 25., ooumtor 43, ·w nepti'fD· 

ot :bat.tei-y. S?:. A llOURUll'Y lmiftllse pas.EJe.~ ~~.P mo.pet zs· and ~a'Qa,ea 

aras.ture _4.l .. w be -~ttr•cted~ bre~1dzis .. ~· ~~rad t at ·back· ccnt.ae.t 40', 

. . . 

w~er.Gl,-_·. $~blrc 41» ut1de:r aotloa ~f' .it.$·· e-pring, ·n~e a..."4 again closes 

+)le ·cironi·t at 40·.. Boever_; tb!'J HcrhGicsl ·arnag•e:it is neh t.h~t tb.e. · 

•2•~1 ·-$,tl'ncUan of ansatur• 41 rel~.se• ~ .. pawl,. 141 · a.anoeiate! ntb . ... .. . : 

·tbe ~4tehct 8 the C1t1her :~ aad. 'tlm.1 allOJ.fO tb9 ei~er 111b9ftl, d.rl.T(;G,'l by 

·coiled. spring 1·,: to· ad'fa~ee ·.~e ·akp. !am_,. tbe· ciphSr wheel eoat1'111&0 to . . 

'JlOYO,, ·~~· ~tsp .flt .S. iiiae,. SO long as ba.ak: '.eQJtt.'lct 56 of' relay 2.6 r•$G .. 

-eloaod:;. -'11;~» 'AOWeYV, .the pemu.tation of eont~ets .~e\. \t~ ln the co·autt.tor· 

t.rm:umit~c?- ·be.cotte"5: the; 899· sa that .tttt u;t in the ciphe~ tr1naittel!, 

tmsa ~i1u1stng the oomple-tim·. of the cueel t. ~gh re1e.y 28 as alrr111ad7 · . ··-·~ ·. . . . . . 

. · .. . . 

·and ·1.e Mld ~pen ·by .. le.Yer 55· as d.Deribeci e.~, JllrilP.et 2.5 ccnno~ operate 

to· n tl'-.d:r1n1 .ar&o.:ture .. 41}. hmee the pd'l 24 emaot. be rel.ea.sea·»· ·llb.~pon ·the . . . . . 

: . . . . 

eipiier wh~ol eann.ot a·dvaactr ·DJ ··rvth.er.. .A.a atatod: Wore,. the ti.rd ·~lse 

~lh F.al.aJ. .28 ·cataJHt!I -~ature. SI to ~ &t.trac.ted,. to p&.#J.8 lq' lffel' iS# 

wlli.ch ta~ .tt!!£Age8' ·the enatlll'e. !lms :caiitie;cii. 18 r•sSns ope.a· ae loag as 

Jiu.er .as· ·•e~ea cr:i holds it. ·It ia oni,y ·tdthJl'l this··perlod,. whc tho . ~ . . . 

. . 

01.fher wheetl· .is stati-ou.ar.r, that 'tlle k971Douci 1 1 om ·be llU1pulate4," the 

aech.Qiet.X· arrtll'!g-amett·t beia« such tbat the:· kq• of the keJ'boerd ee locked . . . · .. ·... . 

-11--. 

·· · ·• · ....... ···· z ...... !dj€4i4.:m.;;z.c.w.?!~-4>.:e.a.::sc.~z:. ... *¥i"~ .. J.. :_: .. ·.~ _24.;. .. -... :. _:·a:. .. _ ." 

• • • • • I • 

. . .. . ,' 

.. : ... :_ ~ 

. . ·;·~ -":: . :;. . . "·: •• :; ."·.· •• •I 

.· ... ··.; .:.··: ·: .·· . . ....... · ... · i 

· .. :. :: :: ~ '.·· { .. · : ~ 

·.i . . . 

.:.\>;.:::< ... · >:·=. · .. ~:·,.~ .. ·· :. 

'j 

. · .. .J : . ····:· .. 

,j 

.... · ... · 

.. ·.· ... ··: ... ··:; . ' . .' : .. ·.: ·.:; 

. ·:.- .... _ ·:. i 

· .... ·· .. . ·.: -·. ": ·· ... ~ ~ ... 

::-·:. · ..... .. . ' .·: .. 

. -~ 

.... ·.-: . •I .: 

. ,' 

... 

.:- .. :· ··.•··· 

~. . . 

. . ·: . ·. . ~. 

. :.-;:·. ·:·. 

··:>~"\}.' .. · ..... -~ \ .... ;_:·_.'. 

... 

. ·. :.• 

•::• ..... · .. ;·:·. ·, ·=-.. ·: :· ... . 

. - ...... . =?4' 
. . 

- : ·:.· -- .:--· .·.-;-··-:-.. __ :-"' .. - .~ . --· ---· ----- .. ~¥ _ __!_:0 .. ;__~_2 .z ~ ~ ~. 

11 .. - : ....... :;e.: . 

.·~pito:se. nn & bQ' ·1s depressed.. !be cipher .naalta\ wUl ·be. detmained 

~ tile p0dt1oa Qf the cipher ueel at thia t111e., beoemse ·tho &t.l'el11' ssiabUlhed. thnnlila the· cipher vbeal. depetlt!s. u_pOa. :the asot reletJ.'f'e position of 

Wa wb~el .i th "s,pect to ttzea plates f ud e. ·fheo. a b7 ~a ciepressoa,. 

the ¢1pbel' .. t"eBUltut 1• ehoa· ._,.··the 1llmd.laa~d ·lap• t.he lAtter co.ntJ.ldlee 

to. be. lllimimateci sol.CD& as th• .key 1• hold do•. 

· ·Je return .no.w· to relaJ' 28 and. I.ts· ·otber ar.U,-. 46 .•. -rAe lat.ter. C0?1.trola 

·tQ . o~~ti- of :t11.e tape-atepplDg Upet 27 ot :tb ci.pt&ex-k07 . t.-rmumS. tter 28, .. 

. . 

111 the :t.o11Gw:blg ammera. . !hs ·tape-at.eppiug ma.gn.et. 27 !s IJ4tuat.ed by 

batterr «J 'bat ·t.b.e cU;cai t le a.orul.1.7 open at. conte.c\. 45. Wbm relar ·28 ia 

·•ei-llaoci, .. ~, anaature· 46 is attr.a.cted and contact 45 is ·1101BC·tarU, . . 

..... 

... : 

· .. ·: 

" . . . . . . 

: .· ·. ,· 

. . 

: ... · -~.: 

'.i 

... : :·' 

clo~: .Xlowtng tApe-st.pping macae.t t' to tua.cuon._ 'lhls causes ·tlse ke1. tape ·. :.,;~· 

to •tep torn.rd to tb• nut posi.ttou. It all rema.tD 1D thst poation. anU.1 

the nd\ ~ rely as 1• energi~.CS. 

'fb.ere· no•· ftQaiaa·. to be hsm:bed cril7 bow· lever !o ·1e ccntJtoll.ed1.· !he 

k~~ar.4 ts: pn:"fidod "1th :a -1 •ersal. bar,, ·operable b7 n~ k9)" •. '1hen ·a 11., 

1a· ae,re~sed ad ·then released, the uaivenal. b.!lr, near tho elose· ot 1te 

u~· awt.n.g on return to cor.ul pos.i ttion •· actaates 1ih•· lever ·ss, ad causes 

.. · .. 

. . 

.• \ 

.. 

. •. 

... ·;·i 

.. , 

. ; .··:: 

. . . . 

·1t. ·to tJe: n'trhdra• tru ita en~ent •1\b uut.ue a&. !h-e· .latter· i:a:zledUt.elJ · .·. :;;: .· . . 

retUl'D• to l·t• 1'101'1181, retracted pos1.tJ.cm, allowillg ·f;Oll t.ct8 to· be NeBtab-

. li:sbeet a\ si· and 38.. h ·the m.DU:se the tape-ate.ppiQ:g. maaa•' kavJai been' 

actuated :as described above, one ot two ihi!lg• can happen .as regards the set-

.=: 

.. d ~ 

., 

' 

' . .:.: 

·. ~ 

11p of .comieoti.cma :.Ill eiphe-r-ke7 tranrutter. 2tlt· either a nev .set. 4tf comu1etio1u1· · _ :· . . : .... . . . . . . 

betwea:l cmits:e!i,..J.oen and pair~ con·taotcs .has· been eetabl1Dhe.d, ·OJ",. b.r· ob.aaoe, 

it ta ·sbiilar characw"8 ocOUJ" in sequence. on. the tape,. the. &u.e set. ot 

ooane.cti.Qn.ss. u ·befor.e· bas bee •etabli.ahed. 'flte•e· two ca.sea ·are deacribed la 

tanu 

. · (1) · U a .nw set oi c~-ect..tcas 1D ciph.....Uf tl'tmuitter !6 has ·bee 

.~a\a~·dod1 .sq a se.t. coneapouding to the Baudat aipal f'or •x•:. tJle · ut 

., 

.. i· 

. ".i 

: 1 

,: 

'• 

:. ·. .' 

. ; ·. . ~ . . : I. 

,, 

1. 

·.· ! 
REF ID:A522164 

r:-.-- "'.":--- .... ;:-.. ~o· .• .,,-~··.--·. ·--···-·-·-__,..--·--:-.. ·--,, ...... ·. ···-···. 

l '. 

. ~~·: 

r . ' . " 

; ' 

:.·.·· .. ·:" .. . . ~~. ·t . . 

.; • I • • "• ' 

mJ..,.aai ·~, the e1rcu1t for mer.giai.ng ~epet t5 13 closed,. -allomg tbe. 

.··.:·.··.·: .. . · . 

• ', ,_. .. ,I' :• 

~ • : • ·. • • • I 

< .. : . :· 

.. ·· . . . . . 

· ·ot· -~~~-the- :da or_ the cipher ·wel correapandlBg to let-tar ·llP. ,PJ'9Hn'8 • • I • 

.. ' 

itaelt· ·.to ',the 0oaiact-leTIJrs oE ~ eomutator· tr.anait.tGr ·22, ~poa rel.q · ·· ·.' :·:.: ·. · . 

·2£9· :.1.~ .. :mie~~sed~ contact ·at !CS .is. :bJ'Ota; .. ~guet .!5.·fl•era1sed, md ··the ... :;~:)·:.:.-·.) . . .. : .. .": · ... : .... 

before (·•·z!ft age!ti), reiJ.q S·. ie. .tmeiia.telf aergtaed,. aiaoe tJJ.e. oorav·tatmi 

tra.mtter .is. stUl ae:t.·up tor ·pezmtatioa •z•. la.pet 2:5 doea DC\ ~cUoa 

. . . 

.a the ciPher ·tfheel 1a b·~ in pl4ce. 'fwo ·1et.tera an ~•nf'ore· tnc1plutre4 

at. the -•·.position of' tbe ei~ wheel. Ot course,. 1t -the ker tape :aow . . 

eons!~~· of ·a .am.ea ~t •;z•a•., •o oiph&r· 'llfheel will~ .in tta.ed poaitioa 

daring .. the-· _enc1pheraoat ot a co~eaporidin·g a.umber. ot." l•:t.tera. 

·well.·· ·aa· _the pe$1t.&Uone· or· opa"ati'Wll pins ca tbe rs.a ot tho e.tpher wbeel .••·t 

be restricted. ·to .two sets ot 28 {ti-11.ar perratatian·s,. oth.enrlae there :would. 'be · ..... '.. . / 

. . . . 

aipbmeut ·Or .deoiPtJei"tleat eoltld take place!t ·fbia le: tn·e for tbe reason tlat. 

ta order to 'bring the c1per 'lhee-1 t;o. ft.3\ .it is" sssen·tial. that a permutation . . . . 

.of pin·s .m._l:ta .da eact.17 coia.cide vlth tba" p9l'IR-tati.cm. C\loh uppme to be 

set. up·· at the" cipher-by ·t.raumtttar a\ t.bat moam·t. Th.la re~trict1cm ·to two . ·.. . 

sets of :dall ar penuta't.iou·s .tloes not.,. boWft'l", redUee the- ·CJ7Pto~e . 

se.curi t7 ·of" ·the qeta JD. 11DJ ·degree wJaatsqeve.r. 

.. ~ ·. ·.: .: . : 

• : •I 

.' -. ·. ! 

' 

.·.· ... : ., 

.:."···.=: . .. . . . . . .... : . ~ . 

; . :' 

• I • • ,• 

.. 

· .... 

. ~ ... 

::. : .. :. := 

. ·:: .. ;·: .. :· .. 

:.·. ·:·_ ':. 

· ... 

. · .. . ·.·: ··. : ·'. 

.. ·. :.· . 

· :~~ aclditton. a.t.tm\ion 1a ·aepacial.17 called _to th wq in" \Wbt.eh a. nr.iCNS:_ ·; . -~.: .·· ~ · 

-clis~.tap of other crntoarapJ.aa eraploJiDg the. B.suaot. code far ·arnwgraph.S.o-· ·.:·>._·>-:-:·. ·. · . . . . . . . . . · ..·._:. 

pur,=osea: 1$ -obviated: ia car. v.nea.. In order to uplain mat; is ·aa•t it -11 

aecus&JT to enter 1Dw a brief diacuasion of ·hud01i ~Rion tr= tbs· :.:\.:\\ 

·. ·. \ 
REF ID:A522164 : : ··-~.::~:·:.; "'·--··· ·-----~.-.~::: ...... ~~~:-.·-,. .. - .... . ...... ·- ........ :":'""'" -.. ------··· _,, ___ --··- - -. . .. ·······--·---·--------- .. - -·~·: .=.:·~ 

~ ••• •• f;. . . . . . l 

r--.. 

pr~t1oal.:. eeeaoaic.· poJ.nt :ot Vin. 1or this purpoae refet.enc-e 1-1 .aade ·\\°) · ... ·. 

v •. s~ .. P$~t .lo .. 1,41$ .• 765,. :18fte4 &.r ii, 19!!,. to.-Q. s •. ·f$mu• liaee 12 . 

w 81.:·ot_ the spec:J.;ticatJ.on. 

Ir! . .-··~~:'.· pat.ct to which i"tBf-anaee .bu· J~et... been· made,, a speeial aeah&n1aa 

·,_.ni in!Ud···to ou_ppreae the ·ids aw& characters wbUh cause all theae. dU't1-

·•lU•ai: ad U.U•. aeCOfllll•s the ebJect. ·mteraaed, the .meobn1•. i:&l •1 te 

--~it~t.ed •4· has ·a edi:tton: the -~·r.uv. 41euvcta,p that· ·the me.tltod 

. . 

in .. Jner-.~~ the naeber at charaet.e:re ·to_. b.e trasmitted by aa much •=• 10 to · · 

so. Pr;r._· ·cmt.:. In our m.-tioa·, .~th tbe·ae ·disad•aDtage.s haw been. 91.i!lioatet. -· . . . . 

. . . • •. ~ ··=. 

· ... 

• • •• 1 

. . • I 

•· .. I 

·" ..... i 

. . . ; . I 

':' ... ;. 

.: : 

. : ·. . ··:"· . ·.··.· .. :· 

... 

....... · ·-·- . 

. •' . . . 

.-·· .... -:·_; .. 

::· ·. ::.· • • ,j• •• 

·2& . ot·_ :t~~. ~ JJalldot ·permt&tice tor CJ:7PtoS:-a1lbic pUrf)GSe:J• So ·r.mr as -: :·. ··,;;> ... · .. -:: 

.er,p~Jhi.C. ·t1'cm,.1Ci\1e. i·a ~~med,. basi.csll.7 01:.1r atttmg-.t.s·. f'or e11~otmg :< :~-· .. ;·,'.' . .·.·~ 

the •silt utra· ehareo-ter.$ orJ~•ril1 bl~ced. b.Y: the- ·ua• of ·the .Baudot cot!a· 

tor.·omtcp-a~o par_poses dUter frOZt those de.scnbecl in tbe p!,tent retened 

to -stO•• · ia Ute tollowia.1 :rcopec_t.... l.n ·~ e.t'fptogra.p~c .syfjtea •~•l:rU.1 the 

ls:thl' ~tho.ti ~ ~iph.er result.mt.a ~ the ·CX'J'ptognphlc · ·preeeee. are th• 

renlterits at .UeCtl!'iCal llltetaetioa betl!e• ~ .Sot of sipal!JI& ol8MAtiS .ia 

th• Baud-at· code -uet ·up 'by .a m.ea-ua.ge cbara.cw:r and. a. "i!)t- 01' ~pal.lag ela11mt.s 

ta tb.e .Bruse co~ set. .u-p bf a ·keJ' cb.ar-o.etw.J these reaulta..'lts een not be· 

Teain.ct_ed to bllt. .26 of ·the .52. possible· kudot· permutations bf..-canse ·of tbis 

intencti.Oli. h oUl" 0.t'lPWgrfs.phic a,-s.tiem tl1.$ · ~phel" re-aul.t~t& 1n tbe ornto-

·"· . . 

~p}dc· ~cssa are ·llO\ 6:t. all tbe :rerinμ.te.nta ·of .. eJ.ec·tric~ ln.tcraot.lo.n bet.wee 

tw .sew· of· .• ipl\l.ia,g: el.ementa 1A . the natt<tot eodeJ ·Uie si~i.ng •leaent. 

.. , .. , =·.· •. ,:. ..... ·: ..... 

-.. '•: .'· .· . ,·! 

. ·. · .. i;·e 

··=:· .• · 

. .. ·.; 

· .. ·. . '• ·~. 

. . . 

nor :ie" the. ·cipber resUl.taat. repre1:1ented by .siga.e.lini eleaeats in the Baudot cod.•·:" .· _.. · .. . . · ...... :: . . 

1he role- ·the !•udOt code pays in. our SJ•tera 1&• so far u e·tgnaUnr elemeott 

are emicet.'l'led, m.17 ·&. ·itid!reet one,. and that ·ia why in our sy-stea -~ J'estrieti-·.· ·. ·...... . ·.· ...... . . . . . . '•. . 

ot clpbr: .-¢haracters to a se.t of on1J' .26 ie :t'mdered ea.,.,. v1 th.out •1.' -appara.tu:liL. :. :·: .·· ·,· 

·apoe1f1o!il~ invadaced to suppress the aiX ·extra ~ractters.. . ;: _ _.·--.'.,,-'(:::·.:. 

•· .. ':.-· ....... ··-·~ ....... --.... ~ ..... v+.=: .. 

... . . \ 

. '. ,, . : ·· .. 

•• • i, 

.' . , , I 

... ·' 
_,..-- .. -------------·---- .. REF---ID.:A522164 -··· -. 

. , < ·. 

,...........,, 

.. ..-

.- . 

in~-t0a4 _:ttt . ~ se.,. at 2$ lupi, Cich. aagriot.a ·'""'1;S. act through ~per pltm.ge~s 

or armat;o-i'nil ·ril~Ctl# U.po!l ·t,b~ -ke,7-boerd ·Of a tqpRri ter \U th 'ldl:lC.h they are 

associ:!\tad_.,: :so as to tmlllHt ·tbe ~mw to .P.fint t'l:le le:t.ier.a ·ot tke ci;pber 

ses.&aie,. 1n the ca~ of -eneipher1ng1 ad tll:e le,ter.s of t.he· pla~text ·aess.aie, . . . . . 

14 -\h~ case or deo1pber.mg. 

. . 

· .jg .. in1 these up,e~e, ·itt;s-tead ot being seeetsted with tJt• ko,-boar4 at 

aa. ordinary ·t;y:pe1fl'itG:r.,. -might. be «ei-socl~ted with- the kqt:o!U"d ot im: au:tom~U·e. 

'teletr~;m· tr&Hrdtter ke7boa.rtl, Md tlnlu·, 1D tho csee or· ccipherirlg,_ bl"J:.aa 

-ebout ~'\•. tran&isajpn ·or e.if;1al-s- conoepantH.Dg to eueiphe* lett.en. At. 

. the keyboard, of tha c17pt0gt$ph, ad th8 · htter· -'r.Nld ca11so- the rece:Lwd 

01791:.o_grahed. ~•tgaals" to- .be decipho~ and, if tJae crnt.oeraph ·at the reeai~ 

'end iii a.Uooia;ted .ri:Ui. a -~ier as described in thQ.FGC~g .,eragraph, 

·the· ·cryptOgrapk .'l'Cul.d ·cause. a Writ.ten record to- be_ aade '4. the deciphered 

musaa~~-

. . 

lt is ;!$150 ctbviOV:S tb~t the .:ae.chataiem :'l'Aicb .Te h~'t"f: · ?NV1ded ·perlld.:ta· Ot . . . . . 

-.fti-t:atJ.~at . .i.;l. -arr.>tO!Npl'AiC. res:sl~t:s ot.'ior ~ tbose tntroducsd b-J cb•l:iz.11.f" 

tile. kq. ~!tipe. One ot these sources ot variat,1oli"' lie 1n thG poasib.Ui t7 ot . . . . . 

. c'bangtng tb" p&l'l!Ntat1oaa ot .open\ive and 1..'lo~raUve p1-s ® tJ:te ·rt!. of tl:le. 

ej.pber ~~· ~ther I0\1!'0'9 1;1.(l8 1;l the chMl~JJ o!' COf:lllBCtiO.DS .b9WHn · 

. . . . 

tb.2 .-"ko.7ho.c:N. conU.~ta and .the CC)D.t.'J.ots ~ plate- s:. P.1.ga:re "lj or bot.n.ea the 

. ,.···, 

. . . . . ~..... ·i 

··<_.:-'-·.! 

•• ··: '"-1 

··.· .. : 

. :; 

. ... 

. ~ . 

. "j .... .i 

.. · ... : 

: ~ . '· 1 

,· .. ·.1 ·.: :: . 

. :: :. . ~ 

_; 

. -1 

: . : .. 

: .. i 

.-·_.: .. ........ 

· .. ·.: .·· 

. ·::· .. 

~· :~· ·, . ; .·.: 

contz!bo:t_s -o~ ;l,&·te 4 •d tbe f;i.t:Qaling 'titllHD.ts ln .. banJc 10.. Ano·ther source· . : . : .. : ....... . 

- . 

lles u,. 001\&tructins t!le cipher •n.ei i:i ;ho ectctim-. ·•· u:ppe:r and l01rer·, .90 . . . 

~~ the tll'O ssc1J:ona cm be positioned·_. J~poaed .itt. ·tmT ••of tv•.ti;r•alx 

different =points· ot etoiuoideiuitJ. Tdt.lt-reapact. to each other, tJme VU11llg tba 

-1.S--· 

. . .. , • •• '• I $. ..,. • , • ,, • _ ... k., . , • ' (ijl .'!l'!ili; f '· QJ_::;:;z::;::;f:s¥.:;::_.-.;;olf ·*+4 ..... -"".!.'&Jt . .,-:::...;--· -:-... !f.i~ .. ::a;;r. --·. p ' 

. · .. : .... · 

•, .. ··~;.::: .... ... 

·;<\"."'. ·:·. ,:· . ..... . 

·.:· ·.·:· ... 

: . ~ . ·· .. · 

.. : .. 
REF ID:A522164 

,- . -· ·-·"":""":"""·--·--·-·····-·-.,r'-7;-.. ~-----·- -- ·- - ......... -· ·----·- ·······-... ·-- .•. - :-·· .. ·----- . ·-- .. -----,-:----·-zj 

J 

I' 

/ 

. . 

·tJtq eonteow oo tbo .o~.ae· snd reYeree ·taoee of' the. ·csi.;ilcr *8e1. fia&UJ-, . 

an tapo~t ·area ot -~eria.td.on iiu m the '*mgiag -~ tae ~ectrioas · 

. . 

i:.t.-..- the_ ·!iomolops -ccntaots :ot the clphe~q ~.s.id:tter 2s,. ·anQ. the 

-:tat.or _ _.tnm.smtt.ter. ·at.. All these. CilOOrcu. .ot wriation uietiag wt thin. 

.. . 

the--u~Si:t itself a.re aub&id.1U'f,- honv~, to the prizleipal &Wroe • • ·1' • 

~t. -1.D.: ·-COD.s'3D·t cbeage of key tapea, .and .1t u.1· n -aa1d. tb3.\ so. l.on_g ' . . .. ~ 

~ &· _6tl...-·.Jt~t ta;pe/\coextcusi• ~ .maber ·or .ch.arac·-t.ers \ri.:th. th&t ot the 

u~il:i~ce to tle enciphored, 80 t."ult ao t.wo •uaagea 4.r6 'tl'9"ilr encipberec.i . :·. 

bJ.. -u.iti A&e k91 ~pe ·or .portion tiiereo.t,, mid ao J.Ona u ·ui•sa 1011 t§i.pes 

eoald.et ~ ·aint.ell.1.P,bl.e_,. enUreq· r-.dota.1~ ••ences oi~ ohua:cters, ·tha 

aess~:.···fA~iphered according· to ~ch a a1stea are. abac>lutel.J ·i..'ld.GOigi~arable 

wJ..tboiit_ aowal jl.OQM$llal ·of the ke.r tapes ~zed ia ·t.hQir mc1pb.6Ment. 

· or ·• ~wiedse ot the .aac41u~l'lce ~ ~e ch81"aot&.n ·ca suc1l u,· t~•s_., 

··:· : .. .-1 · 

'. ··1 . · .• ": ""l 

. ·... ·. i ... ·j 

I 

. _::.:"-.".-"-.! 

'· . ·.1 . : ·.. ~ · .. · .. 1 .. : . ..l . :"·:·· ·.· 

';.·. ., . : . ..... : 

. .· . . :: 

. . ~-: ... : ··. . . 

• ·:!--

' ; 

. .' ·.··( . . . I 

~-.'._:--·'.:.·) 

:':.··:. ~=~ . ! •.... · .. -~1 

····.··:.: : ..... 

. ·- .·.; .. : :··. ~; 

,: \:.~· .. J 

-: 

·.· :• 

.. 

: .i .,_ .. j 

·. ! · .• i 

. . ' 

' 

.. ~ <i 

.. 

: . ! 

.·· .. ;! 

: ,,I 

.· 

. ! • ! 

... . . • •• 1 

···: l 

. ." I 

• • • I • ~ 

.: . .. : 

,· •I 

.. 

.. 

·.' ~· :· 

:.·. 
' .: 

REF ID:A522164 - -·-· -· ··-·- -----------,-- ·.-. :-,····\ 

. ...--.:,. 

' ' 

·' . ,.,. 

. . 

.code trasaitter;- eleet.ricel ~u ~~rising elfil!Hllts for coordinating 

f;be. ·v-an-tter "d.th -~Ci qstus. -.a means -~or intercormecunc said . . T . • 

. . 

el.em.~ts · in aer1ea o1rcui ~ :rela..t.ion. tor :cryptographic :Purposes. 

. -. 

· cod.o :trtmsm1 ttf)r; .means· -c011pr1111n.:1 el.ec'-tncall.J' oper.abl.e element.a tor . . . 

. . 

eoo~aUng tbe ·trasra1.-tter 'With said system; aa.d :llG&_."'1& ·tor inter- · 

. . 

®anacta1 said alma.ts 1!l su-1•• · c1rcu1·t_ .r~i!l;a.tion to-r·. cr1ptographic 

... 

. . 

· · · ·5.·: . "In a 01'1P~smphic- qst.a. adapted· f'oz" ·use nth e._ pllir&l uatt ; ····.:·· . . .· 

·code .·_tnnam! tterj means coapr1.sihg .elec·tr1Qlly oper .. le ·eleaa:ts. for . . . . 

coor.dil,\11.tins···th• ·t.ranmtter ut.h.said 971rtem; and c1rcllt·t.. me~a for . . . 

~poses .. 

'-•· lJl &. C%J'P't0.graph1 a .keyboa~. compriai.D.g .eh-aract.er el.em6111t.a :m 

GMleiatiY.e ·electrical com1ectiora nth oorrespcmding $1.gnaling. elea•ts: . . -

a~s. -~Prtain·'li a cOmlmtator tor ft17inc the connections between. tlae 

ko;rboard· eleamts an~ P1d aip:alin~ •l••t•J .a cammta~r ·transmi·tterJ. 

·a. .-cilthV-JEey trmauitt.v.; ad --s coorm.uated With said ~aaittere 

to;, ~~te.c-tina pr.ogressi-ve operation. ·of the .comimtator. 

.·· . r 

.. . . . 

: • •• = 

.. . . ·.' .. 

·: .. .... : 

.. : 

::-. .. 

. .. . I' '; 

.. ·.=: ··.:·:I· _' 

. . . . -~ 

< :.:-· ·-_~i 

. . . . . ~ 

:•. ·1 

.. ·.i 

. ·. ,! 

: .... :·· 

.. 

. .. 

-,...).!111!15 ...... ..,. __ !!!'!!'"'_,..,_,.~_,"!".~ .. ··!!"'-. ~t-... ~ .. D~-~,,.,..u ..... ~ ...... ·---c..., ..•• !lll!Z.Ql'l!!S.Sll!G.!'!!C.!'!I.!!"' •.• !"'!~!'!"!--!!!"'-...... .,,.. 1!!!!-Z~E.""".··~-.l .... ~-""'·---·"'"-""'· 1--··""''·--·-~-.9~.l'l!ll! .. S!ll!'! ..!"". _...._.,,, 
REF ID:A522164 

r- -:----·· ---·-··-··· ··--~ ... -.... ~-·------·:··· . . ......... ----.. -· . ··-·-~~·::~ t . .. ~ . ~ •· . t .. 

: · .. · 

:. .;·:-· . ." 

.-: 

s.. .ID • C17Ptograph, ·• k9)."bosr4 cupri.a:!ag cbancter elenents· ·J.n 

opera\t:n· elect.rtcial. cormec\1m 11;\tb con-e1pon4it\g al:flutling ·elaat.1 

aeaa·a· compn11n1· 11 eelll!Bi.tator Eor v&17h1 '2le -coe.n·ect1ons bat"'1l Iha 

. . . . ·· :.· 

.: • • I 

charae."'9r eleacts ari. ·add si~allng flileaea.ta;; a .cipher-bit trtllai t\er. · · · .! 

. . 

-meoba1·tmJ ~- sean-e coordina.t.1ng aa1d aeclum1a. 1'i th the COJa110:i. tor. tor 

ottecti.Dg its ·progreaslve oper4tioa.. 

··~· · In o. OZ)'Ptogra.ph.1 :a te7board. ·comprising chancter · elemmta· iA 

opeil"ativo eleotrtcal m.imeeUon ldth oorre11poudiq: ai~e ol•ea.ts1 

aeee· eoapri.a~g. .a 001rmNtator- for· "Var;iDg ·the canue.ottoria bet•• the 

charac.ter ~lenenta ad aa.14 aipali!lg ·&l.esent.11 .. o ¢1.phe~ t.rnaaait.te:I" 

aec:bsui•; ond .semus COJD:prieiag. • ·eomatato:f traasai t.~ coor41natlai 

.ra~d nedlu.tic With ~ -carlmtator for .etfec·Ung i.ts ·p.t"O&J"&tJBiYe .. operaU~ •. 

f. IA a er.y.ptogrsp~. " ke;ykotird :..,nms Character .eiaiDenu jn. 

operative ele#t.rioal. cormectim W1 th a eorr~spmiuins mmber ot ·signaling 

el.um tai- . .ea.a ooagri.sing 11 ooautator to-r V8J"1i&g the coaaecttcma bGJ.t.,._ 

the. k97boud elsaw ud ~:4 sigualia~ .el••t&J a -comma.tat.or tranaad,tt-er; 

a cJ.1m~ van.am~-• .and ·cJ.,-cw.~ aeaias. coo:rdicet.ed. •i th -ald ·t.nmallit.t.en tor etteoting progreo.il!Ye ~pe.ratioa ot the eqmttatator. 

a.. la a .crjp"tograph,. a .t91board COllPri.tdns oh&racter ·•lemen.ts" ia 

opara:ti_..-o eleet.-ric.al cc.maeeticm. with correspon4ia.g a1.pal.1ng elnentsr. 

a.aaius··'*"ri.:dng a comwt.ator t-or T8:17inil the aoaa.aetlons. "betec the 

"lt17bosri· element& and said signaling elament.t5 a COJUNtato:r. t:renw ttel-1 a 

ei~kei tr•a1 t.t4'l'J and ·cirou1 t. auu: a~at!n.1 both o£ sa14 tr&ll&oo!o 

. . 

11.tt.ters.: _lQr_ JoirltJ.y -af'f'ectiDg progre$lll1-ve :oper:attou ot the oomuta\or .. .. . . . · .. · ... 

. . . ; . . 

oper~~:i'e:: E'-.lectrioal. C011DecUOD nth cOn-eSpondlng signaling el-.ct.es· . : .. . . · .. 

.-... ~i•in&r a c.om.mtii-tr>J- tor 'ftU;"'.fhi' j•be· ·~ection·a batwrm the 

.k~~- . •. ·, ... ~~ts ·· and ea.id . ai~ia& ·.1~9nial .. . . . a. "OQllDDtator 

: tnn.8111.t~r; . . · .. : \:· .. . . · ... 

·. :.:.: ..... ... . . . . ·. . : . . . ·.· :' .. 

·:.· · .. ·. 

·.; . ·.: . 

. . . : 

. ,: 

. .. 

. . 

: : ... ·~ . . . ·.· . ··:.• 

. . .. ~ 

. : ·:· : ( .· ·:_:· 

... · .. :: . . . . :· : . .-:-:: ·. <~ 

, . :.: ...... ·· .· 

•• ·-· , ••• C .... :-~···-·•. ·-· ...... - & . ,( s;sz.. c.c . ... .. . ·.• .. i;.· 4° .. 24t ; .. i .0 ........... ..,. . £&I 
REF ID :A522164. ,.. .. . . .. . .. .- .:·· • . . •..• ~ .. -- ~··-..1• . ·····:· -:-1::.·· ·: . . . ... . ... : . __ ,. ___ -----.. ~-.. ,.-:·•·:•: .. 

' . 

(, . r 

... d.p~ke;r tftnattterJ- ~ zaeas. coonllut.1na· oa1('t COlltllStator aaet ci,pber- .. 

kq tr,mumlt\er tliroup tb~ «mmtator t.rasd.tter tor e:tteet.b.ag progl'Qsiva . 

-~ .. . . . 

10.. la a crntograpll, a DJ''boar4 eo.pd..afq charaoter ~easts ta 

o,_nt1To'··.ie.otr1cal conaecUoa 'ltit.b corre1pond!n1 etgnall.ag ·elemmUJ: 

aecae. ·eosprutni: a COJIUQUteto:r for ~- tbe· cormecti•• betwea the · 

k:•Jbo~d. elet11t10.-t8 ad. sald &1paJ.1ng ela•U.J a ·eommtator tr:msrd.tt.ei-J 

a -~ph•M.•7 ·t;:reaitteJ" m~1·•J f!.!Sd means coord!Dated. with both ol 

Mid V.a.nBld..tteTe tor elt.eotiq pl'O(re931ve Oper&U._ oE tho eommtator,, 

aaid _ctpb.ir-ter transmitter mechenima being 0Gr1\r0llod 'bT ~keying 6le?Hll:t 

.-hieh. :io· ind~ent _or the ·cr.v,ptovaph+ 

. 11-:- · ·1a. ·a ~graph, a. ke.rbeard ·comp,r1st:ar .chanete:- &Urac ts .ta 

opar.at1Y8-.-_·e1~etn.cal connect.ton. ·nth c0~span.ding aipaliniJ oloncte;. 

.. . ·' 

: :-

. . ... .. ; 

... . : i 

. ·. .! 

·i 

: ·. ··.: 

:.: . 

·: ... . 

:: 

.. 

. . . 

. . 

. . .. . . .. 

• •' I 

.•.·· .... . . 

. mo1J11Ei .colil,pri.siftg. a OOJilmtator. for ~inl tlle· coimect.lons between tbt,t 

t.qbo~ el~Mnta and ,said ai~ing •leaen~; a commta~ trasaitterJ . . . 

a cl~q trmsitter secbmlianj and, me•& QOordinated .Jdth both o.t 

· 1941~ ·•smittera tor eff'ect.iftg progreea1~& .ope~t1cm or tb.e cosmtate~, .. ·.·. 

.·•aid c-l~e, tran..S.tter ·secben.ia belng eon~ b,r -a tape bearla• 

P.r.torationa permut.ed 1n aCQl)rdan~ with a Plural. matt ·coda~ 

· L'? •. :J... c17ptogr._aph, compritt~~ au. eleotrtc"a.1 circuit an4 1Dcluri1ng 

& -etir.rea t· QOUrGeJ a r..&lf'J" ·J.D :~id C1rai,~i"tj a set Of ccntMt leTei."·S aild 

paired ·contact.. points; penmtat:J:nil.7 positioned ana opera.Un there1d.tb 

ill nta:-~i~J· :a ~d eat C!t· eontao't lev•rs and conta.et-·pointa 

. associated ·tn ~lulJ opera:t.tve relation w.itb said -cirao1t.;. ud muns . . . 

tor con$lleting ·.sa14 ~rmit aad merg:lalag aaid relq cml.7 at ~ch ·t.imea 

. . aa tbe aU:re .aeries of conn.e.c'U.ans eatald.iahed 111 WD the t1rat .aet. of· 

enta!lt ... levers· ·an.d ~ asBOCiat.ed. carat.act. points is iden.t.ical ·with the 

. . 

entire ·aeriea of omuaecU.ons established ·'ld.tl:lin ·tb.e HCODd set. or· con.tut 

·.I 

. . 

... ·. ;,,' I •I 

.... 

· .... ·. ·.1 ·:· .... : 

. . . . . 

··; . 

......... ,: .. sz._ ...... ,.a .., ..... ,- · ,,. a.' A.J.Ai':-""*->.pH;:; ........ s- ..... a ..... ~~- __ -
· p_~~------·-···':·.-.:-.---·-;.-~· · ... , ... _~-- ----- ··-·· ····--- ----RE~-7D-:-A52·2··1-6·4·· · ·---. -·· --~ --· ••. - - ······o':'~-0:-:·\"'"•:;"':i·~ 

:.':. :" .:·: .. ~-. 0 0 ~-

;.· 

· .. :. .11., .l C!7Ptozraph, .coaPrit.t~ng· 8n .• i,,c·t.r1eal. -circuit -and inoludtag. 

a cun.t eOlil"eeJ a relq in silt~ ·Olt'OUlt1 ?J. e~t of .con.ta.et levve'.·.o.4 • • • • • I 

,y 

. ··. . . . . 

in s.e;td--' el;reui t.; n •~'*1d. 9&t· ·of" con t&_ct -lnere. ~d co=a tact poia-tis 

aff~C.1~-t~: 1n $iza1lv17 o~tive rel.atim'wit..\ ·!!&id c1rcttit: .mi! ~emu1 : .. ·. ·.. . . . . 

. : .. 

-~c)r.:p~tti.ti:n·ly -rar.ying -e:&. s :1~\ oaeh ot the':.seid s~,.te ot ccat!!.c\ ~-· 

· ·.14~->·,A crypi-.ouapb1: ·"ria!nl ail electrical cil'cui:t .and incl\ldh\g 

a·:=.~~t.. seu_wce; .a relq. ln eaid d.rcuit; a set ot contact. loftl's· and 

.. .·· -pal~ ·eolit.a~'t !J-Cd.i!.ts., Ji>Gr1:mt..eti'f4Sl.y· po?Jitio.ne<J an-d op.'9rative th,w.-e\l.ith 

-111.:$61~ tStreait; ·f.4 OeO(lllid ·,set ·O:t contact, iever.S .artd. CODtao·t points 

. . 

as~oc13.lad :ia. si!nih\t:ly -opcira.tive relation -~h. -1~.d.tt· c1rw1·t; Mc.t sea110 

t.o'l" pe.Nu:.tati vel.t Y!.U'f1DI as a. se.t:. :ead.l _.of the Mid -~•ts -o~ coatao1' leveJ!'is • . · 

.tl\e_.:Pe~ta:Un vartati.Ol)..e behlg in a'OOOl'da.ce wi'th tAe· same plural ·md.\ 

-code. for ·bO\h .eeta of ooatac:t. levera. . . .· , 

. .. ·: 

.: · _ .· :·l.;5._.·:·_, ·A ceypt.ogra.ph, eo»pi-labi~ ~ ·eie~trical circuit ·and inclu(}!n-1 . . ··. '·· . · ...... 

.. . .. . 

· ~ ¢ont£~ct. points •. ~-t!etiv&l.y 110$!t.io.D.:ed and o~re.t:t.ve ·thernith 

m· ·~id.:cir.euitJ -il -secon"- oet ·o't. C9Jli&ct.- lewrs aad. ~te:et- points .. :. ·.: •: 

. . . . . 

usoc:W:~ 1a similar 17 ()pora.tl w ,rektioa. .. •i th aa!d, t;ircui ti meaas for .. ··· ..... · 

-~P.le:~:d,, a&.id ·Qirf»it ·ond enersi•iii& ~ud, ·re.ia1 .. ·mlf at such tiaa ae . . '.·· ..: 

-~~ct.·l.e'f'ft'll· aiQd. t.hel.r aaaooiatad cmt~•t. points· ·ts .ide:i:t!oal. ¥!.th the · ..... ·. . .. 

:• .. n:_>~,~rlea .of ·oonnscti~s .establi._ wlthin the ·seoond .aot ot conttt.ct .. :· ... · .... 

le~·.;·;~·. their .afiseoia.teu coa'\act poa.taJ and-~. for ponmt.ati:nl.r . ·-~1.f1ul a set~ or~- two ~•ts ot contaat. le•er.s~ the pvimt&ti'h . . ·. ~ .. · .. ': 

· .-nti :~f-.-~tact levers • .. .. · .· 

. . . . 

:· · .. · 

... ·· .. ·.·:·:· ... ·,· 

. ~. . . .. ·. . . . 

.. ·- :- · ... ··· ... 

. . .· . 

....... · .... 

:·. · ...... 

. / : .. ~ ..... 

·.:. 

. · .. (." "(·:-· .. 

: .. · .. :: . .. ·· .. ·:·:_.. 

, . 

. . · .. · .. ·.· .. .. · ..... . . ' ... : .... •/• . . . 

... 

. ·.· .... 

. . . ·.- : ... · ... .... 

;· .: . . . 

:.· · .. 

. . · ·::· .. · .. . ·~ . 

• • • • •I ' • • 

·.:·.: .... ; 

.. . ·· .· 

...... ·.:.· . 

.; ··.: 

... · ... ··. 

·. · .. ·. :. ·.·.·. 

: . 

·. .·.:= :-.:. ~- . 

·': _: : .. {'(~:;:·\; 

.. ·. .· . . . ~ 

.. .. c. zs::::r~':.r~-.. r·"'f..i-.-~~~-*":Y:~a&+--'"!"i-~.~·;~~'""----=-€?':=!!!F.+_. ··:· . . -.1-.·---:r-.-~•-.W ...... -.¥.% .•+ ... . . .. . . .... -'\!'-~· ·_=-t. --. --.....-.:"' ... ·:· :... 
··~ . 

. REE-----l:D-:-Jl$~2.-l:6.4. :-. .,._. ... _, 

~ 

. . ~ 

., ·. :: .... · .... . ·:·· . 

.= . •. : 

. . . . : ~ . . . . : . . ,: .... 

b ·.alil.d~. ~irco!.t,; a. second set ot· eolltaet leTer8 ·6iit\ eonta.ct poi.4\8 asaoolatef.·.· :.:-°j)~?:;,.;!!: ·: .. :· . :·.~··:: . : .. ·=·::; -~ .. -~ ··: . . .. . ~ -: . -: =.::.\ ::~~:·:--!~·~; 

= in ·.S$.Ci:)arl7 operative relation :nth sdcl 'oirai\·J ,!IDf -.us f.or penmta.Uval.1 ::{~ .. ;/(:::~) . ··:· .. :_:>,.-·>=:: ... · ::· . . . . ·. ·. . :;_:·:.::::..:.:;·>A 

:va:t;U.a;:.:a.-a ·.•· set. each of tho raa1d mete or. ·contact ld'l'Gn., th& ponlil&to.tiva ·_:: .<;:.:··.:'\,'!_; 

v~~~'::for oae of 5l\td. set~! of le"fel'B. ~~ iA acco~ce· W1th me plural~ ... ~<=:·g};:.·-~ . : .. · ... .. :. ... · .. · ·. . . . . . . . : .. '"~. ::~· .. .": ·· .. ,,;, .. _.;I . 

Ut\it .... CO.de~ · tho·~e of the· o.trher ·of the two ·sa!lta ·of :l.avere bem.1 1u accordance · .·!<<:·~;<t 

·wttb,· ~. d"U!uat _plurel-uai.·t;. code .• .· . . •: 

. . . 

-:~~f-*~· emiprisUc rm el.ectr.ical ctrcu1 t and .inol:i.td.ina;· a 

. ~tract ·.!~'int,;,,_ ·;pt;,1-aut~ti'ftll1'" poaitit.)l\ea {lftd operat.:1.ve tJ~.2wi\b ·in sdd 

ctrcuii.i ... a :e.econd ·set at· ·CG!lt.act !even and eoatsct ·points aesociated Jn 

.. 

sim.ilariy· 0perttt1ft relation: o!th said c.trcuit.;. aemne: for ~plotlng ·Mid 

.oircu1\.:a4 aetr.gt.aing· aa.id ~ oaq at su(lh \U!ea as the .entire aeries 

ot O'O!lileo\i.ODI e~ahed wi:thin tbe .first ae.\ of -coot.act l.evera mul their 

•·~~tad con"t&c.\ :poin\a ~· 1dmt'1oal · !d.th t.he et.ire series Of cou.necttona 

••tnbl~~~ nt&ll.n the o.ecand aet ot coat.act lmrs·aad ·their ·aaaoclated 

. . . 

ccmtaet···poi.ata.s t.d MaBe tor penmtat-ive-ly v&17bg as e· tiet eacb or.· the:. 

t'eO oats .. ··ot c~taot. levera, the _pemats.Uve· v&rta.U.ons tor one Ot said. aets . ' . 

of levere be"ing. ht- ~ccol'®a·ce ·wJ.~ aa.e phz·ral~t .. coda, thotto at thG· .,o,tha 

ot ::tJ.lti:·>~~~ .":so tat of. .le'f'i<l'S : lwil1g iD UC:Ol°Cl.~~CC1 .· d;t,.b :» cb.i"f.m-~ t; . pl.l;a-al.'"'\llli t; 

.. =· . 

. .. .. . . .. : . . . .... . 

. : : ... : ·. 

.. 1$·~;- .:<a a entogr.aph, «· CO!lfmta~: buring a -a:er1el ot ti~• arragea. ·. : ·.··=.·:.·"':;:. . . .. ' . . . 

1D ~3:.:.l:>ou\ its· 1'1!1.1· tbe aroupa ooaprumg .. 8uh a pl:ara.U.t,- ot lmita .. . . :. . .·~ ... ; ,,. ·_:·· :~· . . ~ . . . . 

)ad·. :•·tt:~~~ns. ·.~· mraabOr to a: :P.r&detoertlin~ selecUon ot · eharactaaJ 

· ~;::.~~:~;.~or poa!.t.iarimg the _pins to~ ·~e}leiid~t .. o~atJ.on m PouP8 ill 

.... : ~ ~- ~:.··::.::~··\~: ·~::·.: ·.. . . . . . . ·. : . . . . . . . 

~rtl9&Qe·· .. n th ths pe>:mta.?;.iou ol·.a ?ht:t~jsd:·t· .cc®·•· .... : : : .. : ~ ·: .... ·. 

. . .'. .. ·· .. :··:.-:_:"~/:;> ~:. ·:. 

... , '.· .·. ··:i-.~·::· ·.:x... a cr;ptogr~,. a ocmiteciion '~~d.~z am.c:, comprllling ·• . . . . :··: .~ ·.: . . . . . . . 

-~ .. ~~· .. ·~,: 'beM1ai a aeriee. ot pi:U &JTfl1lged ta ,roupa. abou·t ite rim,. 

-~----~~~:: coaprlaln_g. each~ plu.rali\J. .9t_.~1~ po.~tiODed tnnaYerae-17 . ·.=.:. . . · .. ··· .... 

... ... :·. ·.. . · .. : 

. ·-.t:. ·.·· .. ·1 

)fi~, · ... :" .· ~ · .. , ·.: . : : 

·.· ..... :~ 

· .. :=::.: .. 

. •': ... ·.· 

: : ::"':·.·.= ..... ·_·: 

. . . ... .. .. 

. . ·. ·. ·:.i· 

• .i ... ~: . : . . . . .... ··. ~ . . .. ·.·.: . . 

~ ', :, • I 

.·· ·.····.·: •. ',!; 

:' ·., ' 

. .'··· :.=·=:. • • • I ' • 

•. ··· ...... ·. ·.··· . . . . : :. . ~:· 

...~ . . 

. ;~ ... : . . . . . . . ·~ 

..... 

. . . . . ~-:=~ 

~: . . . ·. 

• 'l: '· •••• 

. :·.:, 

' .:-.··: 

. ... · . 

.. <· · ... ·· .. .'· '•; 

·: :.' . .... : ...... ·:.' 

':::~··. :.:\: .. :_:/·.~ J· 

•:'.~-;'.',' '-,f~I 

.. • ••• •• ::;,r... • • ••• ,_ .·~.-... ---.-- ....... .. ,. --·-: . ... .. . .~···· '· ·-. . .. ,, ..... .. 
I 

I 

1·. 

l 1· 

I·' 

' 

I 

REF .ID:A522164 --·- ··- .. ·. ·-. : ··~·::;-:.~.~·""V'·--- ..... -·- ·-· ,. ...... ··: ·-·--7-·:""'':''"I-... -··-··. . ... -·-::1·.:w.::::·~;: ·-··:· 

. · ... ·~· ... :.::~-: ~:.· ... ·::: '! 

. \,•' 

1 

.. . · ..... ':"'• 

.. ·. ·: .... 

.. · .. :· .~ 

.. . '.··.· ...... . 

··tt.. ~et1~~: :~t equid1.etctly 8,aeed aontaet eJ.-.ta ;s~anged in a riq 

-8~.tr.oeel<t:~t· to· t.he peri.phe17; -md mans r.o-,: ·~tobliebin·1 tortui.toua el-Gotirloal 

. oo-an.eeit1.ans ·between the con.t•ct el-£)!'1.e!l ta. -of ouid .races. . . '::. . . 

·::; .. ·. 

.· ... · 

. . 20~·· In e ·eqptoi%'4p~, ·a Cl)Ue.cti<i~ eJ.um.ging device ~pd.slag a 

rot;atable _t\"", .bearill, .Q. :series .of' pi.us _.arranged .1D: .ap&ced group$ abo1lt . - - . . . 

i.t& .~i:t, tb~ poop& 4;0JD.pl":1.Si'Ag eaoh 6 plurality of ·units positioned 

t:r&nilV-«i-I'SelJ ··of .sud r!li end eorre~poridiag in :a•be.r· O.t g.roups· to • 

prodet.~htin_ed sel.ectiOJJ; .ot dl·u.s.ct~s; ~eanis tor })Otaiticning the phs 

·for iad.ependm.t operation in group.a 18 r.-coo~mce nth thlD ,Penwtati.:C/u ot. 

& plun.1:-Mit. eode-:; said <lr~m. ill.Sa ~~n:.~1ng. dn its obTer.se. end l'"cvar-se fa,oea. 

resp~tiT-elY tl ·SE'Zies of eG;U.\<listmtlr ·s~c~d cont.~ct el~te an·:r.e;ed. in. 

.fl rl'.ng M,3.Cetlt- 1.C tb£ periphH']') end HlQ&n&. t"o?' e"a.teblimhiJ1g· f:>rtui toUC . . 

eieetri~al eonn-eetiOl!.a rt1Gipr.ocall:y· in p!t.ire liet~een theo.P.fOs.1~ diS)VJSeB.. 

CO!lt$Ct $19.liente of S!lid fZC$S .• 

n. '. A :r.;ptop-aph,, ·e<μp;rlain& .el;\ ~-j);:'Jl'.i£Lt\1..,al7 ·°'~"'OC1;,,'!,Wd &lect;:rJ:~ 

-oirCiti.t ::,\no. 1Dtludi..'"i·!J. a ourre11't. e.r.n..ircef. a ro·ta.~bla coaut.!.tor· be~ing a: 

. . 

••rlen . of ·.1Jbt' a.-r~a&.ed ill ~'3 abcnl·~ lb th. =~d. po·u.t.ian~ for llde-

_pend:~t ·op.eration i?tl i!'i,coor-Jmae "i th th.It pem.u·tationa af a pliJi'!al-vn.1.t. code,. . . . 

. ·t.J.1e: $f'tm:ps ;eoi;p.ri~i.".11 oach a _plU;ruit1 .or pi:ls !t!!d .. ard.d ~OUiMJI correspondtng 

: . :_:··."::= : . .=.·; . 

. . ·· ... :: .. 

......... ~.. .. 

: ·: .:: .· -~ .. -t:"·: .... 

.:':'<A::·:~:: . .. : ........ .. 

.:~.;) : =:·~ .. ·:· ... 

. . _; ·.: . ·. 

• I ~ ." • , • 

...... ::: ...... : ·: 

: ••• -i. • 

. ~- ·. . ·: 

. :.:: · ... .. • ~ ~ •• • • • • ••I 

· .. = :"· .... .' . 

··.: . 

. : :.'··: ...... : · ... •.·. ··.·: ... 

:(_· .• :.·· ... · ... 

. ··.·:-... 

. ···: 

:··: 

. ~ : .. . . . . ··. :· ... ·.·.:: ·· .. :. :.:·· .. 

. . •. ~ . 

. . 

. : ' ":- . ·.j · .. ' .... ~ 

11t -~ to a. p:re<letoruiinoa S:e,lec·uon -or.· charaetftrsi a ·tr•wt.ter ·controlled 

b,y se.ld. pin·s., ·Aid. vansali tter comp1!111-ing n set of contact poin'5 41ld. CQD'ket. . : 

:·-'":: .·.··,~~ 

·. ·: . ~ 

:· ... , · .... · .?\·~ 

. . ) 

. . . 

le.Yen. operatift thercrith in. ·&eriea atmlt re:.latim. 

· 22. A c..rgptogra~,, oomprisiD& en opera:t.i uI, aasocillted electr.1C&l 

clrao1t ·and iaclUding· a ·curnm.t .aouroe,; a .. rotat&bl~ comm·t.lli;or baaring a 

··.~··· ... ·._,,_, .... ;.;;::;::.~, .• -?¥ ;::::~#(. 1 ..• ."£ .. &. .... :e ............... _ ......... :-r .. zewe:; .... u ........... : __ ..... ,..... u:- as 

.. , 

.·· .· · . 

. ! 

: ... 

. . . ~ ·. . ·.·· ... 

: .· : 

.·: . •. ~ .· ~ . . . .. i 

.. 

! 

.. ·' 

.·. : . -~ 

... : . 

: ... ; 

· .. : 

..... 

. . 
:' - . 

~:~·· . 

/.: .· 

. \ 

REF., ___ ID .. _:_.~~2.-1 §:-4 __ ---. -. -,-,---- ------....,.-_ ~:--,..,..,.,····~-'.. , • . 't-. 

0. 

Sel'lee· ot 11-e ~sea :la pvup.a .about .lta r1m and pod ttoaed fo.r inde-. 

· padeiDt o.Jti'nU. 1n accol'dalice -1th t'8 ;..tau.one .ot a plvnl.-att co4e1 

tbe _£l'011pa comprldDg ea.oh a pl.Qn.11 t.r ·of ;4aa 8Dc1 atdd gruupe cornapcmdin1 

·. ·.: :·, 

.· ·: .. 

. . :" . ~ 

.. • '1 

. i ·: . ,· -~···~ 

.".I •:, 

. . . . . ~ 

. / .. :•-"·::: 

: ·~ . . 

:·.· :, 

a mmber· .to a predotermind nl.ection of chal"acf..enJ: a ir.sd tter controlle4 -. .. . ··.· . ." ! 

· .. · ·i . .. . . \ . . . _.. . 

bf ·aaW. pms, eald v.anmat~ -.npr1a11lg ·a···set ·ot· eoat.act; ,po1n'8 msd. contact 

le'ftn· ·Cflen-U.w. therewith 1n :aeri'8 chwit relatioaJ and ·uaaa al•· 

coatrolled bf .eaid pins and penmtatival.7 op~bl& n:t.h aa14 tzoaaaitte:r to 

aet. -~P progres&!ve &tepa ira tha-coatimdty- ot aali aeries cirG!dt. 

. a.. A QJ"J'Ptol.l"a)lh, .-pr1sina an ~t1Yel7 .aaaoci&ted. seriu 

-elec~cal clreuit. and tnclmtng a ctJrrat &0n:roeJ a nlq in said. :oiJtcultJ· 

a. r-otatable, C03111&.tato-r carrrtag a .-series ot piaa __ posi.t.:imc ~ .arwpa ·abNt 

it.& .rim tor inde.pen.dm.t operation in· .acoonlanee •1th ·Uae· penm"taUons .of a 

·phral-uDi:t.. eod••· the proupe _.pr1111iilg ·each a. plvali \7 ot ~a· ·ad -said 

groups eornepoading 1-· _..~ to a gredetena11:ae4 sele~ ot· cbaraoter•·I 

a coi.mnitator vasias.tw oat.rolled. -tQ aa1d. ·pJAs, .aaid t1.-an_am1ttar omtpr1aug 

a set: fJf ~ta.ct pctiAta ud eantact .le¥ers opera:U'ft· therewi.\h 1D -aeries . .· ·. 

clrcUit-<Mla~QftJ ... ,cannaUng or a. eiJ)her-U,. ·unuamitter:, ii'ild.4 'bans-

... : 

. . . . 

. : : 

.. ;

•:. • • I 

'. 

. . ~ . 

. ~ .: .· .. 

. . . . : 

.. ' ·, 

.. 

: ·: :::·: 

.·· .. ·.~·_ .. :·.:.] 

_mltter ~riain;_ a ·~-t oE cont;a,ct poitita ... Ii contact :l.eftl"ll oiterat1Te there- .. :··,-_,·.'._'.-:.·::'. 

with ·~:,:_u.,. saa series circuit. :relatima-1.-: ~ ~--· .~:01ntl.f-eontmi1e4 1'J . ------·:::·: .. ,: ... · ..:_. __ ··~ .. ·'.·: 

bo.t.h .-~it.·-_.~4 tr!msidtter& ~or settiag· •P .proa:L"eaa1Te. steps .iD tho couii,auity 

. . - . . . 

·ot _8&14_··~u circuit for operating ·aaid_ relar. • 

. · ·:: 24. ·1n a aaech&Jl1am ot · the ob&rae~. deserlbed, -~the- comb1.r.ia"tion ot a • 0 • o ••o"" • • ... • • • -' • "•• o I 

beuing <m its ·r111. ~ aert.ea ~pill.a &rr4Dged in -set$1 the filt& -corresponding 

ill ma:abar to· ·a precletendned- selection ot ·ehanctera, said. pill• bei!lC 

;poeiti.cmed pumutaUY9111a p-oupa ot f1Ye in~· .-111.• a eelected set 

.of penmt.ationa of a tl•e-tml t code. 

. · .. :· . .: 

• • -:."• .. • ~ I •: •." 

. -: ... :."::·:.:~:-.:: :=:· 

.. :·· . ., .· .. ·.· .. :.: . < : -~ 

.. ·· ... : 

: ! 

): .".":>:· .. ~ .1 • • •• 

· ... :":-.·-: 

.".:· .. ::.; . ···:! 

. ·· .. ·j 

. . ~: 

. .. ·, 

. i z.xs .. zc:;x:L•.¥. ... +uepw;.;.411rzss.; · .. \.: .. _.>,;. _ s.ST:ZSC:C: .. Y_:;e:stoi;;gL;.u_::a .. JC .• 
REF ID:A522164 -- --,....._.,..,.,~-=-=----··-:- ... . ......... ·· -.-- ·--··- .. ·- - -·· ·····-·-.---··1 

I 

: . i. . L: ..... 

~-: ·\::;: : · .. · 

,, 

2(l1'- In. a ·meehant.a ot the- .._-actei- 'deaerille4, tu combin•tiou ot· a 

~:tater tnila:litte:rs a dpheNe7 vaaataitwr1. ad· a :#JtaU.ble· ·-ta.tor 

bearizig or.i. ;iw ra a -series .ot· js.ne en-mged :in sete.,.. th~ aota eor~Pondinl 

. . . 

1A · nu:a~ to a .pre0etendn~ :aoloctioa of chU'sct.era,. u.ld .pin& ~ing ·. 

.· ... I 

.. 

.··.· .· .. 

. . . .. 

! ... 

•'. ·.: .. 

.. , ... . · .. •. '. 

. .. 

·~·:··: ' ' 'r•1 

'··· ·- ... · 

pc).aitio:za·ed. :pe:rmtaU:mr .14 P"OUf& ot ·t1u ·in. ·.acoordace. 14th a ·ao:lec'W. sa.t 

ot · penu.ta~icus· -of' a f1v6-'1Jl1t ·eod•.i '° ettect. qontrol of· sa.11 oommtator ... . . . 

' • • • ' I 

. ~: . . .. ·.· 

· : . _27•- IR a .meoba.ism ·of the che.raoter· deacr1bed.- tho cos'bi.no:tion· .of a. ·: :.··~;.:_: .. ; 

.... t~tor···tra1und:t;~; a .cipbar-Ce7 '2'&nwtt.~rj and-~ rotatable •cmrmt&tol"' ·: ··-::-'..'-</:; . . .. 

bear.ta.it en 1 t.. ri:m $ :;en.es of pitus a.rran·ged il'l ate, 'the .a.et.a corr~poaciini: 

~- nUmber to a precleterained · ·eel.eotton of cllueciers:.- ot.14 pi:D• ·beiag 

posltioneci penutat.1v8l:y ~1' ,group&. or. tive h accwanoe with a ·ael;ectecl_" ·set: 

ot ~nmt.atlODS Of ·a fiYe-mlit ooda io flt'feiet ·ccnti-ol of said ccmat&tor. 

·t.Tazu•ilitterJ ed aeaa :o.perat.1va 11ith ad.d ~tat.or \Nil~tte.r· for joi.'!ltlf . . 

controlling tlle prosres·IJ$vs. dia,Pl~mta ef the CCJlli?lRltato~ .. · · 

·28. In * meebanlitll -ot .the· -character· ·daaeribedt ·the. -com.bina\ie of e. 

~t&"r tr.snma!:tterf· a c1pb.9Mq ·tranmdtte:r'J ~ ·a rotatabJ.e com:mtntor 

bell'ill&" an 1t.e r1tD a 5eries ot pins. ·arimge'1 .in. sew' the sets CQrre.apcmd.iug . . . . 1 

~ ··muaber to a PJl'.Gdetemined selection ~t · chvacters,. said pin·s 'being 

positi~ed penm1otltivei, 1n ~p.a of fin in. acaoriuce v.itb .a selected se~ 

of p~"ta~ons ·ot a ·t1~t cOcie t.o eft:~t- cmtrol.. ·of ·said cc:aatator 

Vmlid.ttarJ and aeDs· ooordiaated 1i'i·th a ·Oi:p~e~ tr.m$.!lltt&r. '.•chan:l:D: . . 

ad opera~n with n.id oonmta~ transdtter tv .J·_c·!atly· ·eon-trelli:n.I ~-

prop-eseiY8 displ.~caanta ot the ·ca.nuta:tor·. 

·29. · la a auiicbu1aa of the cha.l"aewr deaor1bed., ~-e cabinatJ.oa ot a 

comma.tater. trimaadt."terJ a ·cipber-key t.raasmi·~ter; •.rid & J"Ot&table .-.mata:tor 

'beal'1D• · ~ 1 ta rifl ·a -Gerl.•• ot .piCl·a tUT•.sed in •w,. the eete eor,espond!ng 

. . ' .. · ,•.t 

. · .... 

. · .. .. . 

. :.··· .... : 

.. • 

:: .... 

. ··. 

.· ' 

~ . . . 

·.· .. 

. '· ... : .'· 

:·. -:, ·.: 

· .. ·:·;.·· .. ; 

\:.-·:·· .'::··.·:· 

•. ... . ·. ~. 

·.· : ... 

.. . · . 

. . 

1a ·Duber. ·to a .pnsd.,.tem111ed select.ion- o! ohar~c:t&~s, said pias beina po.ei:tioftefJ· ... : : .: .. _ .. 

. :·.·.·.· : 

I•" ( 

=!'=-~ ··•··•• .. w. =r:f':.:· ~··.··~·: :·~"'· 

. .I'.-
REF ID:A522164 ~ ••• -- ··--·---~---··· ....... _ ""'<- .. ·:·-.. ••• ... •• • ...-:- ... · .. .. - ····-. . ---- -·-----~-:----;T":°l 

·_:· ...... ~ ·. 

.. ; . 5 -·-· ~ .. 

.. . I 

·• ! 

.. !fl·. 

."·.1 . . . . ·. :, i 

em1;nlt..tttt. tr.enef.t·ter1 4 e1-:>Jle-Ne.r tn.1usmi"tt.-1·_ md 11._rotstable --eoimmtetor .. ' ·: --. . ·; : . -::. : 

... : :: :·. i 

•.' 

. ' 

··~ 

.. ···~ 

.i : . . ·. ·. ; 

rot per.Mi~aUon111· ot· a n.ve-ul\it code, _encl_ to the aelaei.oa of. UlldHintl ~"l'Dtl~ .' :.:'. ·:_· ;:.; . . . . . : . . - . . .-... ·'""'j 

·ttons_ ~ the aa1d. 00'8 to ettect ocnt~ of .1d.d. co=ut.a.tcr ttw.mlllltterj !!nCl _, .: 

anne. eoordinated 'Id.th ·said dpher-keJ" · t.ralllitta- Jl9ehai111 .8IJ4 oper-.ble nt.h 

118$<1 ·a,~tatv trmalllitt:er tor ~-o1Atl7 c~t.rolliug pro·cressiw dt-.plac••ta 

of the. CC>stmtator. 

~n.. ·ID. a aeclu\Disa of tb.e ohu'ac.ter deSC1':l'bed.t tile coabtnatton ·ot a 

comeutor tranat tter;.. '• csiphe~keT ·tnamt tter.1 • rotatable coaatator 

~ oa · 1 ti rJJa a =aeries ot pins arranged 1n seia,. ·tll-e. aeta corre.epoad1Dg 

... ·.·. ·:: 

. . : ·~ 

j 

. . :~ 

··.··1 

. :. :~ 

.in -llUlib&r· t.o .a p.redeterrWled ~lecUon oE cbarao.ter•t .Hid ·pjAs being ·posi'1caed . . , .. 

p,:nm~ti....:17 in pollpa ot fiw· in -•ccoriemce· with a •el.eet.ect -order ot ~ . o:· 

. ·.· .. 

. . : •.. • ·.= :~ 

- . 

<!OOMinated. with said cipher-k.,-: t~illd.tter · .,.,.d ~parable with saU: -commte.tor· · · ·.· .... >; 

·:-:~Ditter 'e Jomt.17 0Dtroi:u.a1 ·prouessl" rli~pJ.;~·te ·ol the .c;..utator,,.-·: ._.-::· ... ·=.-?- .. . . . . . ..... '•( 

. :and ·Ci"'11t. m.ean·a' .lnclucllBg cm eleetro~anetic .relay t~ co.ntrolli'na said 

1.U.atpl~•t.s •. 

12.. .Ia a moeharW.111 of the Charaeta- described,. the comb1Det1on of a 

eomntator t.raaSllitterJ a -~- trmad.ttar1- a rotatable commutator 

beRbg OJl its rim-~ ·.afi'ies Of pin.I &ftaBseci ill set.a, the ts~ts COJTe&pcmdiag 

in .. a.beJ'.~~ to a ·jt%"04etend4• cel~ctlon: .of cbsraeters_, aa14 p11ls be$Da 

. . 

poaitiorled pe-nm.t.at1Y81.y m .eroupe' ·of ·ti• m accori~e· with a selecr\ed order 

' ...... : · .. ·. -~ 

.. . 

"<' 

. ··:· 

·.-·:·· 

·.; 

::• .. ; 

-ot f.nmtat.ion,e -ot • fiY...U.t .0D4e, and to tne. euluaion ot ·muSe•ir.etl perm\a-i:: ·.· : ~:· . . . 

·.' .·;· .. 

. ···-·· ..... '""'··-· . :. i ..... s .. : u.~w:::c::;eoc;;s .. ca ..!£C}4&*5 .... «www.as;e . 
. . . ~ 

sa.i.d di,~~;· the C1zraui$ memu• baiag •dar· ·tbe Joint aoatrol ~f boUa 

.t said .. :tr$sm1t,ter.a. 

. . ~:=-- ~ 

. .·· .· 

.: : .... 

. . . . . . : 

.. ··.· ·: .. 

·. .. : ...... -~ 

. . ·=·:":":_:.::_~ J : ···;.•.".! . ·:. :·"! 

. ' 

: . : .. . ... ~ 

.. · t . . . . .. ·•,I 

.. :S4.: .A aeohltni·~ GE ·tb~ cbar.a.o·t.ar d.11HJcr.ibed~ co.aapri.sing & set. ot el••'ts - · <·. :: j . . I 

&· •id. tchtng device for va.?"lina tae eoimeqtion• be.ween tla'-' two sots· of. 

el.®r-en·.f.~·1: .11n1U1. tor angularly .ila,i~ei!lg the swltchin.g· devi¢:e in. ·an a~iotU.c· 

. ,·· 

.. ·· :. ,: .· .. :l 

. . . . ! 

. ·.··· 

·.·· ! 

... ss ...... : .A rae~s ot· .the cbar«Cter d~·artb~t ·comFJ.·sine; .a' t.l$t of' 'Cl.r<n$1.L\$: ·.· :! 

' . . 

coastitu~ a ke7board m4 a ~.et of· el..MQlt.e· oo1.a.st-1tutbg • itigAallns bent;· .. ·.·· .... 

.... 

:" .. . . . . . . . . • ... ~: . . .=; 

. . . .'·.: .... ~ 

-e'.l-..5:·aean·a ror en~larlJ" 41sp1acil!1g the :P'iteb1n~ ci~vin in. nn ll.~1etU.c 

/ ......... '~ _1 .... di&~t& ~ ..... equal. tht>~1t.J ill •aulm' . ~:. . . ·. •' . 

/ 

. . . 

'.·diaplaC91mta being d.etemtaed by ~ extel'Ul k97 •. ~ . . . . 

cans~ tut.1Jig a· t:q.bonrd ·end A .a&t of al:am.te con.iJti tuting ·~· _ai."1~i batlkJ 

a niteh!Jl$ de~ea tor ftr11ng t&e connect1oaa "-ttF..- th.a. two se.ts of 

· el~~~J .. means ·tor 61\'galarly displacing the- _Pi t.c:hi'n;~ ·d.e:v.t-ce. ia· 8Zi a~lotie 

. '· . ~ 

.• aim~~ •. ·the- 4nplar· diaplaceman.ta being =~al, the )lftequsltt;r ·!:a. ~~ 

t:U.,s,~ace.!!illlt~ being de\end.Qed ·'bf an exteml ~, .sd.d kq compr1·a:las a raaarepeil&g· aettUGftC& .of ctphed.rig cha.racters. arraged. 1D randesa, vaintelligible 

. : : 

··· •. •.a•.· 

. . ': .··:.·: 

.·. ·.· . 

·: . 
-REF ID:A522164 ,____ _______ _ . ""·•-.;:a :-·::--·· .. ·- ---... --------·---·-··- -- ____ __:.. .... ----··--------~ i - ..•.• 

.. ~ . 

.. . ~ 

. . .... · 

& ni:tOhbag· d.nice for P..r,lft£ ·th& ·CDlmftCtiOIH! betne.G ~ two sets .ot ·~lacisQ:tG; 

· aeaas. to-ir in.G\i1~rly displ~.a~ tho trl.d. teh!Di; dC\1.ee in -~ e.~r.tod1c s111nner • • • ". I "• • 

. . 

the t.!lpl~ diaplacmic.ct.«r btdl'lC ·=equal, tbe -~efll.Ualit:" 111 =sular ilB.lGp".l.1.eomt.s · 

. . . 

beil2.g de~ed· by· an: extoraai ke7,. s~d l:ey coapr1ein~ ·a l&Wrepeatbt~ saqu&Dae. 

. . 

ot Qi,pherin~. chuzaeten urmged in rand~, W\i?itelli~ble ·order. the .ad.ti 

• • =: ...... .. • : ~ 

.. . . . . . 

.. - ·: ' 

. . ···.··· . 

. :. !-'.· . · .. : 

ctphariUg .· eha:-actera beieg ~ploJad succeesivel.f to endpher succeaaive charaeten · · · ·. 

"of th& ~ae11,aa..p. 

·IDtl 11.leludtq &. ~t "'2tceJ a rotatabl-e com!llJtator bearin,g ~ .nriea of 

pin• pos-itioaed tor p.enmtatiYe operatiOn .-!n. ·pwp• es;rid:; a8ch. a s·M ot . . 

t'1ve pins md said. gro\1.P# -cornepmd~g 1:l nubsr to. a. predetGU'111ned a;;lectim· 

of. che.r.a.cters; a aipher--ke7 ·trmumit.1-eri ·a CCDGU.te.tor trimmn1·tta1· oontr.Olled 

hy :!dA gin!, :aaid. trans?d:tter ~r.i:s!.a;; :a .first :s.ot of ~n.tli:ct l.wera Oil& 

. . 

pai:ro4·.e-Mlta.c·t· .,ainta .electrJ.csll.1 opfJ.t·s.tivo ~ewitb1 •. e4~d ·1evera. \l81D& . . 

actuated bl' th& penm.ta~i:veq poo.it.t.•84. ·p!as ot· .aidd -~1r&tor, .-. . ·~· . . 

elootrioeJ.l1 op.mit-sd throup .sald levu·e· Qd tlve of said ·contact poirlte, to 

est. up a tirst se'. ot ti v:e ·proptoru.d.ff at.epa 1D . tll& CQDtia1:1·1 v ·of .- elecwical. . 

pa.th (os: 1;he 4:i~lacemant. of' tbe ecmnutatori -~ean" cooriinated nth l!aLl 

oom:aa~~r ~Bitter !or j".o~-Ur eontrolliaB. ~·uitn't'e d1Si1laeeamta of the 

~-~r., .. H.td .meas ·t.ei.ug ·cmtftllsd. bf.. sud ·eiph~ tr.saBllJ,tt.erJ a 

.seccmcl s~·t. ot· .aoc.ta~t. levc-e ad pai.re_i!. Cilntact pointa electric=illr operable 

. :" 

end n.:.,.," .~r" ·~. e:mt~ points, to· ~e~ up~ ~econd 3et- .of .tive .PNG:rassiva st.pa 

. i' 

. i 

... . . 

. ~ ... 

:·<··': . ·' 

-~ ·=·.. . ....... : ..... 

• ,,"• I 

.. ·.:··.· . 

: ... ~-· 

... · ·:=.· ...... · ... 

.. . ·': 

S.11. ·th& ~tiau'i"ty .o.f an ·J>.leetrical path !or the· dis:.Plaeme't, ot t..12.t. C.O.."tlHtator; 

means· to1• .l"Ots.Unt: the coaaatlltor} F:~<~ aenJ1B operatiw tith. ·-ami,d coz:mu.t.f1tor to 

cas&. •P.e~c.di~ 1ntf!rroP:uon ia 1 '-" ro"t.a.~m; -~ m'!INls to ert..t).r.t· :md etap ·the 

: . : . . . .. ·. ~ 

..... .. ---·· ·. 

.. · .. · .. 

: -. . 

,_ . 

·.·:·. . .·. ·.·· .... 

.. ...... . 
~·-.,.---··---··":"'Y---:-·------- ·--- - ·- . ------·· .. REF. .... _ID ;.A522l.!i_i_· _....:_ ____ ·-·---·-·----··------------~·::.--:::--,,.,-. 

r· ... ',! 

.=·:· 

·.:,_ . ... :. 

.. - .~ . 

-~ . . "! 

. .. __ ,,.. 

. . . . :·:. 

· · · dpe.l.in_g Eilsents. 1:l e:f,.ectd.cc":l. ·cL~it coueot~~n nth .!, tl!F$ll"t:-sb 

. . 

tll~ifln:t- Iter~, said kqboatd ·eompr.1:Gt.ag a ¢0i"re~ondin:g num:t-v at 

eb.Dt.5;ct& .·r.o~- .cl~siUg said cbcuit eonnei;ttOn.£1~ .a ~ral,.md.t code. :ciphel-- .. · ·.".· :·. . . 

ke1 tr:.~~saj.$ter c~:!'dinated .. 1'!,th aa1d key:'b0ard· ~ Jointly contr91 .:D-!..id .. ·. ~·. .. . . . 

.. . . 

. si~e.l.Ug· ~e:men·tsJ aeana !or chGging ·the el~tri~al petho be~ the . :.:·:· . 

. . . 

diet.1"1.at·tsd :cm_ th.fl .obverse f.P~ce o! e"id ¥1beel; ·a· .eecon.d :!Ind .mmo.i.01one ~t 

of ·t~.tl'~su oontacrte -eq\iitistml.tly 411-t.rib.1.ted. ·• tiie J\1Ver$e f~ ot . . 

~id *:eeli eonciu.otors .nspecUvely cormeo.Uu·g the contacts of on~. lace· 

dth fl.le eoo~cts ~the ether .·#ace.t· ... twentr-.iz. sets af· pina. -~toad.on 

. . . 

tbe rim ~ said. -.heel and .P"si t~ed tor penmtaU ve opere.tian .acconii.nq: 

... - .J 

. ·.: .. · ! 

· ... ··· ... .. ·! .. · ... .' 

... =: ... •. · ., 

·.·:: .. : ... :-:· ....... . · 

J!' :• I 

... ·· \:: .' : ... : 

. ~- : . . ~· : '. 

.·'. 

... ·: 

~ .· . ·: . 

.·to the. ·pererutations c£ a fi•e-unit code1 a coau~tor traaait:t.er· coapr11$.l.ag 

a tiret eet ·of· tive. ·contact .la~fr eiectr,l:cell:r oper:~ble Yd.th ·ten pelred . 

~t.t.Ct· _po.fa.~~ ea.id levers being eet1.1;11t~ci- 1i,y- 'f;b&. pin.et .ot liaid. ooamH1.ato<r., . . .. ~ .... : : .: ... ·.~: 

am P.1~ctriv.it11T o.per~ted tbrQugh .sSd;!l levors and ·five of said cocit&.ct _pom.t.a,..'.··_.·,. ···:·;.; . . . --:: ... · .. ·•·.· ..... 

fiiap.~··.set of f1Ym contsei:. lever9 ~lectric!fll.7 ope1•~bile nth 'ls ·paired 

·con.tact. points,. ss.~d contact lewrs l.."lt~g actU~t,ed ~ t.he c!.phe:r-kej' trflllsm1tta,· tthm operated through· :t:ts eoa~ct.· l:g\fWs . an<l· five or i·t& ten . ae~ocietecl 

. . 

lo. .the ecnthwit7 ot tb.·i?· sa&ie el&etrical ·ctrcait for tha· dieplacelllcmt. of the 

CORau.~atDJ'J ·seau.s de,poodcmt upon the contiuuitv. ot said. el-ectri.e&l circuit. to 

.rt.ct d1;11plaenmta ot the commtator mtil the. first. Mt -of' .fiw· JWOgrHBive 

·.steps · .xaetly •atc~es the aecoad -se·t of .Uwe Pz'ogre·ssi•o et.eps in -~ 

cqiJunu1t; ot ··s.aio ~lectr1cal. oircoJ .. t_. 

40. ln a eqptographic 1&7atem_, eaiplo71ng ai.1 4&lea~t ·~pon. whieh a plain 

text. eharact·er is eG·'t9;bl.i:s.llea, 8Dd en el.em.li'Q1i. upon which .a ciphiJ" ~otcr 

. . : ... ~.; . 

~ ~ ... ·. 

:· .. . . . . . .... ~~ 

.. 

.. 

. . ·. ·: 

. . 

.·. ··:.' 

."' ·:: .. :~ 

.... ···~ . : 

. . ... 

.·=·· '.)· 

. . ~ 

':.: 

.. · .... 

. -~ 

.... ·, 

.. · . . · .. ~ 

... ·i_ .... 

. '.! • ~:·, I• •: ~· 

. •. J 

·.:_: :::.:~ •. t .. - ...... I. }•.A< .... .; ..... Q54 P. s a. rZZ¥ @ros .... a . . a ; .. s. ·-.-4 • <« -... _, z. ... . .: a::-
,---· -:-:-~--·-- --·---:-·-.··-·:·::··:-·· .. , . ·-· ____ -· fil.:f-.. -~D. :_.~22164 _, 

!/·::_'.··<~; ! .· . . : ......... . 

I· . 

i ·. :·.:-::.-..: r • • I ': ..... • 

. . ·.= ""' . 'i .. -~ ·.. . . . . 

ia. eatabush.t. &Ad 1Rollld1ng a mtchJnc cimee openUTelf tntupoaedbetna se.14: elmm·ta1 tti. •tbad of" ·•olpherlB& :wbich c:oa.la\s a 

.eoutinuou.a.17 "ftl'J'in& the cipher :reqltm't ot a gt.Tau plda· ta:t ~act.ex-, 

. . ~~·: . . . . . . .i 

. -~3:::.;. -~ . ' . ·i 

. ' . 

·.. . ~ 

l 

· ... J 

b7 ~1' omtrolling th, aper:lod1c dlaplacemeou Gt ·a&ld nitoblng .4ence. . . ~ 

. ·.· :·· i 

' 

text .CJiU.acter ·1• .ata:Wahed, Mid. rm ·el&IQt upon -1Jich ·a ciphe.- ebaracter 

ls estal>UBhet, and 1Dc1ud1Ag a awitchiftg device opentlvel.1 t.nt.erpoiHd · 

. . . 

·bet.~ .BG.1d element.,. ·and coordinated tor use· ad~ the con.trol. of a ciphe-rkey ~sdt\er; the method· of encipherlns···vh1ch ·COltai~tl 1n coutinuouslJ' 

.va171ng ~e ·Qiphor Wetiilt.ant. ot .&. given pl$1u text character, by n:ternally 

cont.rolling ·the aperiodic. tU..splace&~ta of aaid .snt.chSDg deTioe •. ·the Gtef· 

of ext~ eoutrol mwlnng· the ·.Pl'04uet.i.cll bJ the c:lpher-U, truuim.1 t.te 

·of a u111•Wll111lt1e r~ nquace.. of ~I oharactar.8. 

. . 

42 •. In a ~tographic qsta,.. emplojinc a eltitient upon llihich a ·plain. 

text ch~ctor· 1~ es-tablished,_ sad .. • .eleam:t ~ *1.cb. a :ciPhatr cbuacter 

.'.·.:·. 

i:S estnbUl!ih-ed, ·and ·molucling a Sldtcbing ~e'Ylq.e oper.:ativel1 111t.erpoaod 

· be-t:tteen. .sud mlementa. and coordinated tor use Uacier the cont-rel of a cipher-

. ka-.y tttan•itter throu·gh wbicla is passed a perforated tape•· t.he. :se\hQd of 

enei,bering· 'Which crm·s1sta in eoiltin~oulil.7 ~g the Cipher· :resultant ot 

.. ·I 

...... : .:.j : .. · ... '·.··.l . . . . . ~ 

.... 

. . ·· · .. '! 

. ·.:. J .. ·, ·. ::~ . .. ., 

. : 

' . i 

:· ..... · ·. 

a &t:rer.t. .. pl&in. w.itt cl\a;-:'-'cter, bJ eztei.naUy control.llra·g tile apel'iodio die- .:. ·,_.· . -; 

plac~ea~ of· n.14 n1 tching devi.ce-,, the -8\ei.!:!-. ot at-emal. contfttl in'901'11Dg 

'1le· pl'Oduc.U.on 1'1 ·the oJ.~ei-tq tn!nfJlld.tter ·~ a aainblligible randea 

. . 

:~.ice .ot lteJ1.u·a characters; and .. chaufllD& tluJ aequaoe of '\he ·.tqtng 

. . 

cban.o:ter.a. '0'£" ,said vana1t.ter. 

48•'.· · :~ a. cqpto6Z'aphie .~stem., eaplol'it&r an. eleraeat upoa ""1dcb -a .pla1a 

teit ·ch~r is eetabliabed. and an eleent· upon ·•b1ch a ci;;ther characw 

ts· e:s:~liaht!d~ and. ineludiq a s'llitch1A1 .d~v1ce op!9rat1wlJ' .iA~~sed . · . . 

bet_. .. fJd.tt elenent$, ·and coord~ated tor· _use· mider the control ot a ctp'barkeT trmaiilitter thnm.&b .. dlich ·1a passed a: perforated \apeJ the uthod ot 

. . . 

.. : 

: .· ... 

.. ·.·. , . 

. ·: .. : . ,....... ·. 

. . : . . . . 

..... ·.: .. 

. .i . ~ •. : . .... ·: '. . •.. 1-.=.2 .......... ~I. QJ . I .......... . . .: . .z3.=e:::~c '.z .... :. .. :.f.¥.a;. < . 
r -~I. :r.i. ~~-----------·--RE-F-I-B+A-&.2-2-1:-6-4-----~-· 

I 

: . I 

. ; 

·~. /"""\ 

.. 

·: :· · .. 

-~pbeJ"ing· ·:'lfhleh ccmais:ts in ooatlnaousl.y 'fUying the ci'9her rcsuJ.;~t- ot 

ii . .g1,.-•· p"l&iu. tat.. charaeter., b7 ext,ena&Uy ~trolling. the aperiodic atep1ao•enta of sat~ ··a'ld.tcbins device.,. the step ot external c01:1ti'ol "111volnn4 

·:the prodl)cttoo. ·by. ·the ci:pher-k"GJ t.rtuuJmitter -ot m uo.intelligibl~ ·r.endoa 

-seqlJenCfJ of "kqing cb:nG'tGrSJ chagiug the ee(lUenca. ot the ~g :CMT'acters 

f4 .. 1rdd··.tr40,al"tt.crl an-0 .. mmd.ilg ·said. tape -conten-sive 1a lon£t:b. ·with ·the to-tal 

len~ .ot· ··ttie set 0£· messqes- to be enciphe~.. · . 

+.t.. ~-a Cl'.1i>to11"1.phic a7.steia, .. u;lo';iug ~ eleaet upon· .which a ·pl.ain 

text ·dluac.ter ,1::; -es·tablished_, and: en -elata'\t upon. vaich a cipher -cha.n:cter 

1e es~bliabed·, a~d: inoludii>,g a: awitc.'liai. ae~ice- operatively inte;rpoaed 

bet.J:t.een· .;;;aid ~leneD.to, end coordirlat.ed .for uae ui:\de.r t~ contTOl of a: cipher--

·k·e7 -.&rma_ni tter ··tw'rou&h ·•hi.ch is passed ·& perf'ol'"tlted ·tape; the ·not.hod ot. 

meiP:~erin:g which consb'.ts= in contin.uausq ·varying th~ <;i:¢1er resultan·t ot 

.-n: ·si~tm ··.p!al.u tut· cha.re.et-er. by ~ema.ll.f eon·trolllng the :eiperlodic -~~ 

~- . . . ' 

placements· ot sd.<1. switching de.Tice_, the step .or· exte:mal con.trol involving 

. . . . 

the prodoc~~on. h1' the- cipl\er-te1 tr'!lJ·sitd:tter· :or_ ._q. unintelligible i;-andcm 

sOJiUmce . "~: :tey~i. charae'ter8J ehang1ng. tJie:. seftu·eace of' ·the k•1inc characters 

·of' ·1raid·· -trim-.tttBl'";. ·.US.Cf: said. tape COO:X~"lsive in lcgth with the wtal 

len;gth :or· the &et. ot mesaage1J to be encipheNd,J and cbanging said tnj,lf) ri·th 

-each -cli.tf.ere."lt set of mesa~ .. 

·~xt character is eetabllsned, and .m,i 61.eiuen.t UJ;10ll ~ch a cipher· ch$.racter 

ia •u·tab.l.:bhcd·, Md· .blclh1ng ti. e-onn:ectiO~· chDgiug device opsrat1.vel7 

in.·terp(Jaed be.t.ween said f'.l·GCiJartts,. said device being coordinated fo·r use urad.er 

the· c~trol. or • cipher-key treuumi~ter; t.he a.othod ot!.enciphering 'llhich . . ... 

con·aist.$ in conthuously ftl".{i!lg· ·the ·c.iP._bsr· renltant of C. ti,VEllD. ·pl&in. :ten 

char_actar,, ·by extemally con'bollin,g tb& :aperi.odic displ80el\'l.ea:ts or se.14 

c.onaec,~ai .-ebaelng· de-v1:ce1 the s:tep -ot. e:ttem&l control involving the 

·''. · .. ·.· ... 

· .. ·': 

.. 

... . · 

· .. ·.· · ..... 

·. · .. 

.. ! 

.. ·· .. · .. ·:· 

..... 

:· ... . . · .... . 

.· . : . · .. l : 

·::1. 

. :·· ~ 

... ·. I:. 

'•. ":· 

• • ••• =: 

producti~:-bt the c;i;P.her-k.,,- ti-mmd.ttu. ot·an unintollipbls, rcdoa -eqEnmoe ·. >.·:.·. 

. '%" 

. . . . . ·:"-:.·.; 

. . .. .. :;a: ! ; .... t. .. a,,· )A.G. . 4P-il~·J .. t (.,e.~ : ..... s ...... .• . ... . . .. . a; z ....... 4Q4J ... ;; &JfO.P~,,s;g;: .. > ... --1~ .... 4.·-:. :ee .4.?.?·= · ... 

'· .. . · .. ' 

a ..•. 
.i&. ~·. 

.._ .... · ,_ 

Join~V .wi;f.h the connection ehmlgin.g -d.evJ.cit in controlllns the di.spl:acmnen.t:s 

or mrid d"1ce~ 

. . 

text character 1e e:ttabl.1shed:, and an element upon wht:ch a cipher character . . 

'1ntel-1)0:sed ~tnan said .aleme!atS, end dev.t.ee· being coo~inated for use· mi:del' 

·the e0?1tml ·Qt a cipher-k$1 t"1J.l!t!dtter; th~ at.hod .of enclphering ·fihich 

con!liste la ·conti1!.uou~l7 vuy.ing the ai,'J>her ·:resultant e>f e;. givoo ·plain text 

charaeter ·'b1 ezerc1s1n,g a two-phmie coutrOl o~r the· sptn"i.Odic di:spl.::iec.snts 

of' es.id ·.r~~table conn·eetian changing· ·tlevle.e; · C·!J.u..sing one phe.i&e o·f 3~tid 

CO?Jtrril to bo exercised internally; and ·c!iUBing the othnr ptwse ot n!dd 

COD'trol ·to be 02orci11ed e:temiall.7. 

47. In. a ·crtPtogra.;>Mc system,. enplo:ylng .an eloman.t t.apon nieh a .plain. 

text.. character. fs e-stablls.'led, s11d en ~amt ·upon whiCh a.· ci.pher cha~•cter· 

....... ! 

.. 

. · .. · ... :. · . 

.. · .. 

. · ... .. · ...... 

·: .. ·.· 

·.·.·.. . ·.···. ·. 

':.; ·. .~ ... 

. . ~· . · • ."= . • • 

. " .. ·.·.,, ··:·,: 

.=·. ::· .... 

·· .. :·. 

·: . . . . .. ~: 

. :" ·: ,. 

···: ·: . . : 

1.s establiished.1 and . .lnclud.iD.g a .rot.at.able connect1.on chmging dtr1ice opar~·.tiVel.7 .·: . . ·.·. . . . . . . ~ . :. . . 

.i~terpoaed betlt'ffU :~d P.leen·ts;· the ·matbo¢. of enciphe.rl.n~. which .co1uist&. iD 

contuuou.sly var.ring the cipher reB'Jl tant cf .n .gi vm· pla.in text character 

b7 ~-erci·sin3 .a. two-ph~eo control OV91" the ap.eriodic ·di~PU.c'!!!!ent..s ot ·sd.d 

rotatable comi.ect~on e'W.ulitng .device; causing one .pha$e .or said c®trol to 

be exerci's4!1d: internally, ~ setting: up pe.nnt~:tion·f! co:rr,esponding 1n nmber. . 

·to· a predetemiaed .seletion of. cheraeters of a :plu:rsl-unit code; cn:s1ng · 

the ot.h~r ?ho·se o.f ·~aid eon'b'ol to ·be ezerC!sed ert<11msll1 br settin1· up an 

. . 

w:i1n.tell.ig1ble, rm:ad.om iseq,uen.ce or chEl.ractoru in a. plur.a~it .code.; ·~Dd 

ceusine; :m :!.nteraetion b&t'lnen Q1d phaaea to .j.ointl;y· cOn.tr.ol ·the aperiodic 

. 4a.. In .. ~ C17Ptograph1.c S""/l.Stn eaploJ;lllg a.ei one or .its key.in·g :elemm:t.s 

a. ciphm--~ay ·i;bms:ait.tfat, ao.id μoaumlttor using a Ci~• .pe:nmJ·ted in 

accordece n·~ 3 .fi:v~ t eode, and also ·eraplo)!'in·g ·a second tran~itterf­

·the method of' olim1nat.iaG from th~ ·.t'lnal .CJ'1Pt.or~ama those pe.rmutations ot 

...... 

·. .: .· ~ . . ... 

.·. 

: . ... ·· 

. ··· .. 

-:. ·: .... 

... ·' .. ·. - ,. 

·.: .:.· ·. 

.· ... · . 

·.:.: 

. ' ; 

··. •.:. 

. · .... 

·== 
.. 

d" • 

:··, 

•\ .. ~ 

~- . . /'""'"\ 

said. oode .ah1ch .h&ve no standard .eq~i•al•ts. ia the COllYOnt.ional tw.enty-s1x. 

1et~ Morse .. code.,. said aethocl acm~st.ms in C'4Vain§ 8&id cipluir-by t~msm..u.r to. int.e:rll.Ct. t11 t.h the aedO'tld trasai.tte..r;· the la·tter beins ent:irel.T 

.1nd~penden ~-. ot control by the -message. ·char.act019 •. . . . . 

49.. ·ln, 11 ceyptographic· qstma, emplotin• as one of its keying. &leumt9 

a. cipher-k91 t,ransmi tter., uaing a C:i_pher-kq .. perwted. in aecordanca with -a 

fiv~nit code, -aad .-operaUw wJ:th a ainale elect?-icBl. circuit bav1-& ten 

. . 

.md·au>ondtm-t.· circuit breatiag elema.t.s;. the method .. or ellllinating from the 

.fl.ad ·eryptograms ·those pe:riDUtatious- of as.id code w:b.t.oh have no etmdarc:l 

equivsl..ents in the •CCvention&l tvoo:t.J--six .let.te:r ·Mor.s·e code., e.aio metaod 

cmi~istiog· 1n causing aaid wunamitter to cortt;rol the optmiag and. closiD-g 

or ·five of the ten in.depandoat circvi t breaking elemm:ta .in $\id single . I 

eloc1.T.icsl cil'cui.t. 

·so.· In a cryptograp~o s;yata, eaplo,-!ng a ·ttrst •smitter and .a 

connec.tion-. changb& device eontroll-S.ng ed.d tren.smi tt&r; a eecoad ~s-

.rd. tter· aftd a ·perforated lE97-tape per.rmted 1B acc0rdaoeo 111.-th ·a ft:va-~t 

eode emtrollird.g sdd .. eeeend t.ran&dtte:r1· and iD<1lud1n1 a o:tngle ele.e~!.eal. . \ ·. . . . . 

· · ei~Ollit. operstively U30C1·at.ed· llith said. traasmittero .• ·the said ciMUi·t 

haVing tea inde,pendent ct.rcu1·t brGaidii_g el.ments' arranged in t.o ·aeta· of 

ti-ve. alelients each;· the method' of ellm1nsting trail th& .f'inal cqpt.ogi"t'Uaa 

·t~~· per.mutations ot Q&ie f'1Ye-unit, .code. ·wh:i-eh. have .o.~ st.'l&la.rd equivaJ.eu·.t.i'l 

in -the· ·~v•ti-one..l twe'a.f'q-'six letter ifor&& code, said netbod coa·d;stJ.ng· . . 

in ,C&ua!Ua both trmi.snitter·s Join·tl.r t.o caatr.ol the opeuiag. imd ·cloain~ of 

&~id .electrlcsi e,1.rauit,. the f"U'at set of ·.fi\l'ti ciTCUi.t br~akin.g. elements 

being c~·troll.ed by on-e of said trmatt.t.e:r.a, ·encl ·Uw ~econd. s.et.· of t1ve. 

e':_rcuit lsroaking elements being controlled by 't~o- s:ecqatl transmitter. 

. .. :.·-:·;·:: 

·.· 

.·· ._:". 

I ' I : 

.. : .··. 

. ~ .. : .:.: . : ·. 

·· ..... 

: .. =. ·· ... 

. ·. ~ . . . 

I : .:'.•'. • 

. .. ·· .. ·. 

.· ... 

. '· ' .. ...... 

. ·' 

. . . . ~ :·· . ·. 

.... ·.· .. : 

..... · 

..... ·. . ·. . ·. ~. . . : : . . . 

':'•.· .. ·. 

· .. · . 

... . 

. ' . . ~ . l 

.. 

"'..' . : 

_.:z:: .... -·····-'' ... -· .. ·.·. <·~ .............. .: ; #.: -~·-- ... .. ........ ) . .( .. 2 ... ..1 ccs;;:yr~~;z .... .4 .... IQ .... ·.·~--"' 
·- :...•· 

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z 

2 

~/ G . .S. 

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9 

0 

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9 

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f.: 

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. .... 0 

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.......... L----------..: 

54 SS 64 -----il~ll-------'----------, 

61 

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67 

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Arro/:?NE>""S 
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l"'f£CHAN'f:AJ.. "'&Tl"ON 

TO UNl~E,ii1.SA£ 841/f 

.....___ 't' 

·--- - -- -- -- - --- --- - - - -- --·-- - - - _ __J • 

4~~m~~~~ 

.3 ~~~~ 

~00000(@)~ . ' 

@)(@@)@@)@)@~0 

(®)(0)@)(®{@)0~ 

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