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.. " . : ., _ . . . . ·MBW ·YORK RIBALD TRIB'UKB, · l'UN'DAT, llABCB 4, 1911 A . leetfon.I . c\ .. _ ·' ~ 

----~ s~-NeWEi B~~~W~iiii•E-An Efficient Inte~ence Service .Be~S -tO_ Tak-: s~ __ ::~ Srri~i~ ~lid/J. F~ I r

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· ·_ ; llakes Pr.ogreu in Setting _Up · 1· 

; .:-· ~c~~~d ~telligence. Unit · 
REF ID:A43191 

By Bert Andrews 

WASBmGTON. Today.-"Done." 

MBRICA'S lnteWrence serv- La.st aummer:-"A small hlghlcea are beginning to make level group, freed of all other duties 

sense for the firsli time 1n a ave t.ha.t of carefully coll&tlnc and 

lmlr time-meaning thali they are evaluatinl all material on the naco-aperatlng instead ot contpet- tioDal aecuritJ, was recommended 

Ing-and the betterment is due in bJ' the Hoover commiSslon to fill 

large part to the e1fons of Lt. Gen. the gap. But after .~wo 7ears nothW<er Bedell Smith a. milit,.,.., Ing has been done. ' -J 'l'oda.J' "Done " 

man with a civilian mind. Last 8;,mmer:..:.''Up to now the 

This fact and numerous items ot services still withhold planning 

supporting evidence emerge from and operational information from. 

a study of the services, which only c. r. A. The Joint Chiefs of Bia.ft' 

a1x months ago were bolQ'ed do~n refuse to turn over to C.I.A. any! bJ' intermural dUfe~ences which o! their 2.000 suPersecret su-ategic 

made soma critics think thali aomel papers that are the nation's over- servlces were more interested in, all military planning, and would be 

building their own partlcUlar "em-· the blueprints for action Jn countpire.s" than In working together !or· less dlft'erent areas. Our operathe common good. tional aecrats are as much hidden 

One point ot pa.n;icular !nierest from C. I. A. 1n some cases as those 

fn a capital, where jealousy and Of the Kremlin." 

back-stabbinr are common. is r.110.i; Today .-This is no longer true. 

men Jn all branches of :nielllgence The C. I. A. rets all the intelarree that the lion's share ot me li1ence information it seeks from 

credit belongs to Gen. Snuth, who the mllltary semces. Evaluation 

waa appointed b7 Presideni; Tru- of such data is a joini; job but man as head ot the Cani;r:il rn- fmal responsibillt:v and final sar- telligence .~geney lalli -"-ua-. !3 md so in tb.e case o! dispute rests with 

toot over actively on Cc:. 1. the C. I. A. 

Gen. Smith, Iormer commander Last summer.-"The national 

ot the lat .Army and former • .\mbas-' aeeurltr ahoulci give C. I. A: the 

sador to Moacow, succeeded Rear; power 1iO collate an~ co-ordinalie 

Adm • .Roscoe H. muentoettei·. ,vho 1 all rel~vant Jntelligence, and 

caught some Congressional barbsl s~ld aellneate clear lines or ir.-

011 the grounds that the c. I .. o\., tellii;ence rasponslbllty among the 

under him !ailed to wam ot the· services and the Sli&te Depa.n- ' anent" :Impending attack on Soui;h Xorea1 Today "Don n 

lw Itorean .Communists. 1 Las~ s~er . .:."C. I. ~. should 

The rank: ot the two men-;he. 1" lv.iaded bJ a. civilian or a retired 

19Dior ot all lieutenant ge~eral81 •tri"r.ce omcer • • • strong enough and a very junior rear admiral-: '-be a catal:vtte agent between 

bas a parti ln the picture and will, l"~e State and Defense Departlte discussed. 1 .lnents and command the respect . The problem that confronted of them and Of Congress and the 1 

Gen. Smith can beat be illustrated President." I 

b:v a. description of the complexity Today,--Qen Smith is the man. ot the over-all intelligence set-up Last summer.-"C. I. A. should 

and the estima.tes the agencies i weed out any of its second-rate 

must make a.s to how.best to pro- personnel acquired durlnii its 

tect the country's secrets - and rapid expansion." 

how best to keep Informed on what Today .-This is being done. 

other countries are doing. 

Estimates made for the Joint 

Chiefs of Staff, tor example, are arrived at bJ' the Joint InceWgence 

Committee. This is made up ot 

the heads of Army, Navy and Air 

Poree Intelligence branches, plus 

the Marines. Over-all national Jntelligence estimates are co-ordinated bJ' the Central Intelligence 

.Arenc:v but lnvol~e the help of the 

Inter· Departmental Intelltrence 

Ad¥isor:v Committee. Thia com- mittee Includes State, the Federal Bureau Of Investlgatt.on, t11e 

· C •. L.A. ·and tbs, .Atamia .Aae--- r ti om;m1a1on -i.m.: '"&ddltlma' .... . . . . uiDeci. ·~'8iencl&· .:. .. 411&'• 

.. ~ .. : :-. : • lk).;,.,•&U• ..... , Gell. ~ 11 

~~i.::~tc;·4o;tdtiidin-th&h8i ft!i ~ .. _ of, tU :mao!ilnerJI of!, t.h•.:.mi.: I • ---lilelbed aQ.4 ~t ~e, · ~· · .. the· 11llOD8 far crltlc:lml wen r 

'1 .~.~~:~~~~/~ .. ~~up ., · IIV now w· •hcnm. bJ' • com.- .-~ of the llt;uatlon of· todQ ··~: · · With t.bat of Jut summer. A surveJ" 

mad8 laat auimner for the New 

Tort Bera1d Tribune b7 Robert S. 

Jl1rd and Ogden. R. Reld.. ra1se4 . certlLb( ~ts.. .some oft these 1 

Pain~ tcmr• ~ts OD 

them-follft•. . . ' :· I.;ut 1U1D1Der:-0n la the duty of 

c. L A. under the direction at the 

National Security Councll to cor- nl&te and evaluate intelligence I 

touchlns national security. Thia 

has not been done and ii not 

•emr . done. ezc:ePt ID haphazard fashion."· .. 

T HE beginning of the story actually dates back to Februan·. 

1948, when Sidney W. Souers, then 

executive secretary of the National 

Security Council, was asked by the President to review what had 

been done in C. I. A. in the way o!, 

co-ordinating and evaluating Jn-• 

tellirence. A three-man commlttee1 

worked for a nar on the problem 

and came up with a. report making 

many recdmme°"ations for the 

correlation of intelllgence. 

The c01JUD1ttee 11•as made UP .,f 
REF ID:A43191 

... _.,9 ..., ..... DD.:., 

Bis concepts of how Intelligence· should be obtained, how it should· 

be handled and how fa.r intelligence agencies should go in recommendations, were shared com- pletely bl' the State Department, 

and Gen. Smith's move naturally 

.men w. Dulles. William. H. Jack- son and M:athJa.s F. Correa. Its 

conclusions were accepted by thei 

N. 5. C. but. were never im:ple-1 mented. repol"'..ecll:V beca.use theyl 

weni; directly counter to the prin-, ciples on "Nhich Adm. mllen.k:oetter was runnin11 C. ! .. o\. at the time.f 

Adm. P...Ulenkoetter's polley, soi . made for good ·understanding. and 

his critic3 said. was co "em-pire-1 1co-operatlon between the two 

build" !or c. I. A. ai; every oppor-1 agencies. as well a~ between them 

tunity. It resulted tn dupllcad.on.; and the other intelligence agencies. and !n comped.tiOn and fr'r.ionj . There has now been set UP a with 'l1".'ler ~cies. " I 'small, lligh-level group: 1

'Mr. Jack- ,.. j:I ..... h d . , :son. who is Gen. Smiths deput3": . ..::en. :-mi.... ~ ma e a ~or: :wllllam L. Langer; hfstor.ian, and ~an;e ;~ .c. I .. -l. s .. ::>~osopny on! !caivm :a. :e:oover, economist. The· ~e -;,>rocur.ng, proc~ssm11 and dis- i 1group concerns itself solel7 with the ~bui:iOn of !n~e117g~ce. :a:e took! ·collation and evaluatioD. of intelli- ;?1~ ne:v chat ~ mte!ligence was1 gence. It gets together on a round- 1 oem11 ::ca.dequacell" :epol"'.ed or: the-clock sYStem of alerting. De- :~eq!ec:ed. ~ one or oc;ter of t:.'le; fense can give them a problem. on 1cep~en~.1 ~heres. :t was ~cc~ a twenty-four-hour basis for fast 

i c .... ·"-· s ~!le oo ::.'Wlh m and -~- · and thorough evaluatioD.. 1Pa~ omission. 1'Cr e::".ampl~. !fl Special attention is 'being' given 

! .fle1d ::"!POl"'...O on North African: at the moment to the problem of 

!Polltic:i.l :nacte."3 "Nere lnadequa.ce.: over-comparimentalizatlon. whic.11 

! he would noi; throw ;en C. I. A. i in the past was so rigid that the ;~e:c. !nto ~e 3.rea: he ~ould askj right hand didn't know what the 

I &he State I:epnrtmenc. m whose I left was doing. Psychological war- ! ~nds _-:his t.TIJe of mtelligence lies. I . fare is being correlai;ed in with 

~co 1e1: :>USY ar.d de!iver. 1 lmtelligence. 

! One el'fec:; of C-en. Smith's pol-j Getting rid ot "deadwood" in- 1 iC'; has :Jeen ;o sharpen up the in-· heriteci from war-time outfits has I !;elllgence o'f. the var!ous de~ar:;-/ i proved vel:"3" cWD.cult, but it is be1 ments 3.Z:d give them '!L new sense! Ing done r.adually. i of responsibllit7 :md obligacion. Fo:.- one thing, the prestige o! 

Th ' , k" In c T • h . I G s ·~· d th . . I e · :iew .oo • •. ..... as oeenl en. m11:11. an e quiet wore 1 re:dec:;ed in the work and attitude which has been going around abou; 

!of w.'le o&her del=Sl"'.me.oiia a.nd the! the reorganiza.t!.on of c. I. A. under 

!mor:i.le of their people has .rone !him. has had the effec:; o! attrac~ i up enor:nously. · j I ing good men. 

! In justice co -"-dm. Xlllenkoec"'..er.j IITEM"-Relatlons with the J..llles 

I it 3houlci be poini;ed out that there• I are ve::"V much betcer as th83" ! is a. graa.i; P'P bei;ween a Junior I I gs.in increased confidence in au:.-

·rear-admiral and the senior lieu- jsecuricr. co-operation is good. anC: 

tenani; general of the united States' 1we have grea• confidence m thei::" ~= that; Gen. Smith had in- securicr. i ftnit~ more experience in the I Item-'!'he problem of "cover" 1 

'

:field; tha.i; his tour of duty in Bus-! !for agents abroad has not yet beenlhinC: na.tiona.l intellire:ce esti· 

1sia was particularly valuable; and.I !solved. They- are very conspicuous I mate!. Ge?:.. Smi~!"'. has broug-h~ 111nally. ~hat he is a man of unusual! 1abroaC:. chie1b• because they have wit!"'. him an e:ie::""gl', :incl.. e::- f menta.l powers and administrauve' inot solved the problem of how tolpenence and sense o! co-operatio:r. 

1abillty. 1accoun~ to s~iciow: souls for the,tha~. are we;i-~~r. _e:i.trao~a."'f_. 10NE ot the major changes m- lamouni; of ~e a~d money they- ~e ."1BS sele-:~o. .:ugbly c~mP~ten. I jhave on th!l!' hands. o.eputies ana. auil: up a ooard o:f I traduced by Gen. Smith-ope The neT esteem in which the 1 wide!y experienced advisers. Uniteci 

'

that pad be~ long advocated. by le. I. A. is.held is illustrated by States intelligence, :from ~e sen:- . states }ntelligence, and recom- jtwo comments, one from a. Na.vy ice level on up ;hrough the namended oy the three-man board-. source and one from any Army tional level. is being relentlessl~· was the ve!Y tricky ::natter ot how I ,. source: pursued and closelr co-orciina.uC..'' 

far to _go m r~mmendations. Navy-''The three dlrectors of .Arm,v-"The mllit&.'T serviceE 

PreV10usl7 the mtelllgence bulle- 1service intelligence are constantly and the C. I. A. car:T on a co· tin had been Just that. Ona read it :in touch with one another. They ordinal:ed and thorough intel· 

and formed his own concl~ ·weigh together estimates of what ligence 'milking' of all business 

about the line of actioD. which this intelligence means. To do thiS men. engineers, re!Ugees, etc .. with 

should be followed as a result. they must know each other verY recent residence in Russia and Iro:c 

Gen. Smith took the '91eW that well, respect one another, and act CUr..a.in couni;."'ies for all a.vallablf . the bare statement ot !j\c:,wu ::iot in mutual confidence • .And that is 'bac:J:ground informa.tion' on activ- su11lcdent.\~f"wal"dacldid tO-Jiji.it exa.ctl:v what is happening. This !ties there. A painstaking stud,T oUl the" comeciUiiiCei18t ::alt.ma- basically sound working relation- and analyzing of all anllable uade 

tlV. 'counes Of ~]rhicll ~ ship still gives them all a wide and commerce data on Russia also be:Utn::;~m~·· - and safe latitude for presenting is carried on constan:l:r in accordlileDCe Wai &iJQ. Pi,at ilii tlii:a · cWferences of opinion, arguing ance with the intelligence axiom 

for·· Ccmafdem._7 'iiut:..:· '· · over important points, and even that any country in the world car. 

alimi~wlth.~mtemPnce·~ pountfins on the table to expound be'undressed'throughthismethoc 

ton. n·bec&ine iiome~ir ~.ihlcb an honest conviction. The im- by anybody with the know-ho\\" 

~ 

a· clecfllon bad tcr be-ta.ten;· not portant thing is that they operate and patience to stick at the task. 

to be 111mnic1· fl'Om fi1· within what might very wen be "All three aervices are workin( cmidnc·boi: to 0u~·boX.: ""~· · called a contract of mutual :re- together and with the c. I. A. in e ·· · · · · · •· ' sponsibWty." harmonious and co-ordinated in-

"No schematic diagram can give telligence program for Thich c. I. 

lm7 idea of the man-hours, the A. has 1lnal responsibility anc. 

personal · ties, the va.r.ted back- there is constani; liaison With tht 

grounds, or the relentless drive l'e- State I>epm-tment and Vice vma." • '!: