I 

REF ID:A5217~ Confide11ti(11 

\~-1()4Ti 

In re &~~lieRtion ot 

\f. "1. Jll'ri~, et t\l. 

Filed J'An. ~. 1932, 

Serirl.l !'~O. 588,344. 

Oryptorral'hio :;,n. 

Di•• &3, ROOll 6897 

Sire 

In the specttica~ion 1 

?"89 6, line ?.0. cancel "'\he ttcun •f and truhs\Uuw 

- - Fie;. 4r ... - r.tnee ?.S t\.nd ?.4 e1U1cel " 2" A.nd lrlll>RU '11'8 - - 4-. - -

p._ 7, llne i, af\er ,.poet~· ln•r' - - , as in the 

ease of ptn 47 in Pig. 1 , - - l.lne 8, At\er "poa1Uou" ineert 

, A• in the case ot p1JI 48 1A :Pig. 1, - - Line 27, af'wr tibe 

DWHral "'80 " ln•rt - - l ... :Plg. 6 ) J.ine 29 attar "If. " 1.naert 

- - ( ... 7ig. 6 ) 

1'agre a, line 21 ~r "•rma'1ire" inaer1 - - 41 - -

SaM line cMCel "41'' and substitute - - 25 - - Line ?.~ 11 ntulCel "nethods" 

and 11ubstitu- - - neNt• • -

• 

J>.Age 16, line V 'tf'ler "'\AJMt'' lnHrt - - iJI - -

In claitu 38, 36, and 3"1, line IS ln each instNUte, ehazrce 

" unequal 1 t;r'' to - - inequal l "7 - -

R e • a r k • 

Peclassified and approved for release by NSA on 11-18-2013 pursuant to E.O. 1352§ 

• 
REF ID :A521 "1ttB 

"pernutaiione•• • 1 t will be noted that ""'6ndr.aen"• hffoW been dlrectfld 

tlle pernau.'11.iiona. In snid Fig. ~- the pins in 'their 1118ct !Ye J>osi Uona 

are shown in dotted liun, while '\he pine in their act iw poai ti on 11.rtt 

Mown in full 11nea. l11 th this correction ln the 'Sext, it i• not 48811184 

neceuf\r~ to correct Fit·· 21 which ttpre ahow• the plnfl clearl7 ano,..P 

when conr1iderod in connection with Jl'ig. 4. 

~e to how the ptna operate '\he leYers, attention IP c~lle4 

to 8118J\drll4tnt1 dinteted in line• 6 ancl a. Pft«e 1 ot 'he epeoiftoation. 

When the 'at as here ame.Med l• conetdered ln connection wl\h 1'1(;. l, 

U te baliewd "hat iohe •how:ln« i• qu1'8 clear and '\he ~r 1• court-

•oual~ requested '\o w.1•• requireman'\ tor &d<\i-Uonal 1lluairn"tlon in this 

regard. 

A• to line 13 wh13rein ihe Exalliner rail'l91 the q'.<&s'hon ot 

bow the i· aichet wmel ot 1''18'• ~ is rela'Mlcl to '\he cipher wheel and bow 

bamin~r i• qu.i te flll.l.J' described on page 9, begiwting with the las'\ paragraph ti.ud nunUna.inf.' on the foll.owing page. When thia detailed deacrip-:ioa 

.. ie considered in connection wUh till! eecond parft€raph tonnd on ~;e 1, 1 '\ 

1• 'belh'fed 'ib&"* the del<lriptlon ot the operf'iion need• no fUrther enlarge-

•n'\. 

As to ~e ~aminer• e ar1Uoi• ot Fig. 3 and parts •l10Wn 

oordance wi U. the attachecl prin' in whtoh JUgnttt 26 le 1nd1oa'84 ln reel ink 

•1 ih thff pJ"O'J'>ftr lead linfl fr0tt the reference :wral. In other reepeotf, 

2 

• 
REF ID:A5217fA 

ii ie bel l.e'fed that the e•MnUal p"r'b •ill l>e ~lear bJ reference to 

'the 31sgn_et and 41 designates ~1& ansatve. In '\be ftlil.1118 conneetion it 1a 

also desired to make &. 911ght correcrUon in Flg. 5 as ahown in :reel ink 

in 'he same .-rint. Thia correction cona1•i• in llhowinB tbe ar11aw.re 41 

Drat'tSJM.n hAs b•.en requeetod to incorporate 'tlull'le correction• aubJeot ~o 

Yentlonal s'\rur.ture need be shown nnra in detAU than 1 t is. 'l'he idea be re 

ia to Make Pig. l l~rcely acheaatio. 

Ar; to t'1P- cri'\i~if:-1'1 ir;.vol'fillC UneR 22 n.nrt 28, Pf\tre 7 or the 

apecif10fl.tion, Rlll8ndr;ien•u hA'N been directed in U'f'~• 28 a.n'1 ~ to ourcoa :. -~ ' 

the objection. In view ot thtt~e chtt.nges,·11ne 22 la corre~t aa it etanda. 

Pn.t.,"6 a. line 12, regarding the tendeuo7 of no'f81118fti of wheel 62 

due to tho noTrMen1: ot Y:hool 4fl, -t;he &rrow3 nhnwn in 1'1£• 6 fl.re belia"'8d to 

wnr!R to no~ 'to the r:teht 1 1'hile th11 wheel 48 is ooTi~ in A. oou.nter 

clockdae direction as indicated b;.: ~he arrow. 't'he predeterrdned A.r!"arlg'ement • 1e such that the T'lOVement o! the worn 011.rriee the slU\ft to the right 

until th,·, sw !. tc:·dng mech!'l.ni sn actB to stop t:l'1e moTI?1'l8nt. 

The (~orrection reqa1rad in l i.1it- 23 of the wo1·4 "methods" 

to the 'lll'O:rd - - l'JAMl' - - hne 'been JUda. 

and 8 of page 16. f\n appropri11.te •~rb haa been insertuc1 '\o Mk• ~ eenunce 

corwplew. 
REF ID:A5217B+a 

!be word "' unequal i \7'1 hA s been eh~ed '\o - - 1neq'U&l i t7 - -

in clain 36 and \he sftnft Nll9n<1rwnt ha.1111 &leo been ll&Cl8 in cl&iae 36 and 3f. 

~ :::xa.1ner' s qwar1 aa ·to ihe a1gn1t1cance ot the wold " un1ntftllig1~le " in claim S6 is axpla1Md !LB follows: It 1e M eatl\blil'lhad fact in 

therefore, the word "aintelligfble" rru.nt be included io co'Nr ana support 

the clai• or tunot1,>n ot 1ndecipherabll1V ot tile propo88d 118cban1m. Al:• 

oordinclJ:, lt 18 ~ought that ~18 nlaia should not be ohansa4 in the fllalUl81' 

813ggea,ed by '\he Exanl1ner. 

dedee in an aperiodic manner " clearl1 d1fteren't1a'H• from He'ltern. In 

tne dieolosure of s&l.d paien1, the swikhiH1: <leTice is aechanioall.J' diBplaced in a pertectl1 periodic rt&nl18r 1RU1Ceptible ot no 1rresu].~rit~ and 

this C•)n£\it·14~.ea u. !u.ndamen\&l. wenlcneaa in the cr~ptographic principle uncler171:ng th-. operation o! the d1nice. 1u.rth.-.n~ore, t\8 atA.tttd b;r the ~'tiudner. 

in :te oern j.l'~aiphering i4181Unta bear '\l\8 key• bu' in the pro sent 1n.,en1iion 

• 

°'he ke;y h oont~ined in 1',n irurt.rW':l,.;n'\slt t;; wholl1 external to 'ha ~itlhering 

elemmts. 

As to the reJection of nlains 36, 36 and 17 as· being in~angible. 

the iwrention conaiet• ln t be M~eootaUon ot " aipberinc machanl• with a 07 

whicn ean be ted into 'the ciphering nnchan1• io control 1'• RC'Uon 1n enclpherto that 

ing or deciphering in a lllUJD8r analogous t\n which a j>ertorated aheet con~role 
REF ID:A52171/8 

the 11.11Sic produced bJ an automatic piano. t:1htt oorablnatlon of a ciphering 

mechani• of the tJpe diaoloeed •1'h a cipher ke7 '\hai 1B u'8rnal to the 

copherine MCban1• And l• not AD integral • .....chaniaal 'Pf\rt of h cipherIi i• noted that ~ Exul!ner aleo obJeota to olaltt• It> and S'/ N 

'that the order 1n which the o1pberillt· character• are~ on the cipher 

of the orntocraJbio reml '\• ot 'the ac·uon ot the 4e•1ce oan lie and are 

the "f&r1ed 'D7 the order 1n whloh l~olpberlng cbarec'8r1 are brcntfrht l.n\o pla~. 

For eXNll}>le, the •or4 "lln&rQ', enalphered 0,. the Hq1UmDI o~ kaJing eleyield a wholl.J di!terent eipher renlt. Here a 'NT)' detlntte Jlh781cal cha• 

ha• been produced 'b7 the •ciuence ot olpherlng ohArac'8ra 1n'f01 w4. 

claim• 40 - eo a.re dul3 noted. 

oharac'$er or oondttton an .,.rteoted lt.Y b practioe ot the pnt•nt •\hoG. 

A system 11f'h1oh ao nhan6e• r~!pher •<l'l1-1anta rapreaen·Unc plain '\ext I 

characters a• to prewnt per1odio1 'Q 1.n '\be rela"i1ouh1p, and one wld.cb 

chani:e• ~ rela'1ouh1p 'o euch an extent •• to aohi•W praoU.oal aperlo6-

• 
REF ID:A521788 

In th1• 1n'f9nt1on the tundaaent"1 concept contenplR\ee '1111 

elimination of predlo,.ble factors b7 the _..thod. w1lich wal•• tiMJ oiphe~ 

renl tan1 ot " plain '\ext cb&r&cter -.r external))' And aperioclloall,- controlling ew1toh1nB dencee. Thi• •MP of external control depend• upon 

ai will. Juiead. ot a key tape it~ be conceiYed thn.' a kind of chain 

could 'be su'beUt11ted in whiob ~ aise or l•ll8~ of the link• would be 

Yaried to rune ti on &s a cimtrollirJB external el&mdn't. When t.be inven'U we 

concept le under•\ood, it h 1U'ged. ~t 9ll.Ch a.n elenent 1• ap\17 and correotl' deeori'bed a• an exterDAl elell8Jlt. :Pflr'Umtlf\J' Rttention 18 Cfllled. 

in thh coru;ection to eucb oll\L~a a• mabera 46 and 47 in which 11he idea 

of a two })MM con'lrol 1• d~1ne4, one )>ha• of control 1Mt1ng internal and. 

'\he o~her phAse or control being ex~. Suab a concept 1• not found. in 

inwnUff concept 1• 1n•1•'ted u;pon an.Ci aoreowr, 1"' 1• ooznenda4 til&t operain "\fel'J'8a pn tent 1,416, ?tits. "he l'llihod &110 lnwl 'NB 1ha fur~ter atu:p ot • 

alphabet or the a1an<ia:rd equ1""1.en'h ot 'the l.lorae t1ode. 

above which •"'1"'• with a 11t1•aace C<JMPOMHl of plain text oh&J'ac"8r• and ao 

ohanr',@s the rel"t1onsh1p of auch a ••UIC9 In reQec\ to '\be final Or'Jl>Wcna 

6 
• REF ID:A521 .. 

1• nao:n thM \he aen hno'~on ot tile apparawa 41Hloea4. '!hA' '\bl• 1• 

ao la eT1denoed b7 'the fact tbat '\be Mthod 4oea not depend upon a •lnBl• 

mchani•· '!ha't tbe mnbanle&l "' wp or as~lJ' of ooortllna.'84 maohan1 .. 1.:1 • ftrlecl oone1deralll7 1a N"Pftat to ._ tndlYltlual eoapen.enu o• 

lfe read11J' abowa. In o'\lw.tr worda, the •'tllod ctoea not Upen4 upaa om 

Again, U le orm1ended tha' V.. •'thed alaffts ~ 1"I :predlaatecl 

1'POfl a reoitAl of atruahre ln '\he prMa"ltle lftlttle1•1l \o tletlne Nl4 gtw 

aean1ng to the •\bod awt> .. "11 or wlllah 1• well eRA'blillhed lJJ tiMI pmcUoe. 

' TlP present method. 1• one which .tuUtl•• the u• ot a cer,aln ln\rcabt0'\01:7 

or antecedent recit&l of siraatu.re. In prtnotple, thl• 1• nppor•tt b7 nu.- . 

•bo••· &tTeral deoiaioa• la 911pport ot the P"'C1lloe in tbb rept'Cl wlll lie 

oited 'below. 

'l'ba propoei tion that a .-ohanlctal m thod 1• en,1 Ue« to patent 

pro,ectlon la auppor\ed 'b;y the following deotsion•a 

Ex pf\l'\e Cha• (ht•n' l.63'1,138 ) - a u.s. Da1l7 1669 

Ix pa.rte Vlea\On - 11 O"'t. App. D.C. "9 I 1901 O.D. "1' 

• 

EXp&nded Metal Co. n. :Bradford - 21• U.R. 3661 1909 r..D. 821 

Ar.lftr:{oan Graphaphone Co. Ye. tlnl ftra&\ 't'altlncr llaehlm Htg. Oo. 

1151 1. &ff-6ol (and. Ctr. ltcrl ) 

Juftalo For89 Co. ••.. Clt7 ot Jlaftalo - 246 JP. 1'8 

' 
REF ID:A521788 

'fhd a no1,al ot 9tJ'untuJ'al elellktn'! ls per111eeibla in raethod 

cllllml!' 18 tr11p!)Or'8d 'b;t .+;he following decisi.one1 -

Bx' ?arM :11rra;r (ai. Ay}p. ;: •• ~. 192R ) - 31~ o.G. 442 

Ex part. Astor and ~a.le - 15 PR.t. 1~. 292 (:Bd. of Appeals., 193! ) · 

Bx pt\rte Qa.atA·uon - 14 U.~. l•at. q. :'32 { Patent l,8'70,9!55 ) 

All ot the ground.a ot rejection haw been 418oun•d in deV..11 

and ta•<rNt.ble reconeiderat1on h cour~o\lal;,y ankecl 1n ~ Ugh' of the 

toreeoing. A\ a la'8r date a.pplican' 4e•ln• \o haff aa oppor"1ni '7 io 

demonnrate worktnc M6ela bo~h ot the -.ch.1118 •Do'1'lnc the preMnt 

in:vention and &1.ao a .-chine •bodJ'ing iiwproffm8111ia fond11fl the su.ltjeo• 

111&tter ot A later &l'J'lioAtion, ~rial tfo. 682,096. 

"· r. T.Tledllan, et at • 

.,., 

.. 
I 

I 

I ' ~ ; 

' ...... ·- -

ln re app11oa,.1on ot 

w. r. JPriecbua, et al. 

Filed Jan. 231 193a. 

lerial Mo. 811,3" Or~ph1o B7•U. 

S1r1 

REF ID:A5217ai8 

m ... "• .._'"' 

Beferrbg w ... nwnt ot·ewn d&h belftith and .UJnt 

to._. appr•'Ml ot ~he Exl!lld.ner, tile ottlolal »nt,_.·11 requne4 to 

aonM~ ftp. I u4 I ot tbe dnwlllc• ln tla11 oa• ln ,....,._, •1 • 

re4 1'* ln41oa,#Jtu towa4 in '2le •"-Md prt.at. 

oha:rao1e:r II. 

!be .-... oo ..... ua eaulete la ._..._ .... -.. 61 

-.n ot 'tbe ,..... a, •lB· 6. 

•• '· ......... ,ai • 

.,, 

• 

'