## 1 OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION PREVENTION 

### UNITED ST AT ES ENVIRONMENT AL PROTECTION AGENCY

WASHINGTON D.C., 20460



## MEMORANDUM PC Code: 125851 DP Barcode: D 341496

June 7 , 2010

SUBJECT: Environmental Fate and Ecological Risk Assessment for the Section 3 New

Uses of Isoxaben on Bearing Nut Trees and Vineyards

TO: Bethany Benbow, Product Review Manager

Kathry n Montague, Product Manager Registration Division (7505P)

FROM: Brian Kiernan, Biologist

Charles Peck, Environmental Engineer Environmental Risk Branch IV Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P )

REVIEWED BY: Thomas Steeger, Ph.D., Senior Biologist

R. David Jones , Ph.D., Senior Agronomist Environmental Risk Branch IV Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P) APPROVED 

## BY: Mark Corbin, Acting Branch Chief

Environmental Risk Branch IV Environmental Fate and Effects Division (7507P ) I. Executive Summary Dow AgroSciences i s seeking registration for a new use of the active ingredient isoxaben (PC Code 125851) as the sole active ingredient in the herbicidal end use product FN

- 3133 (Reg. No. 62719

- LIN). Registration is being requested nationally for pre

- emergent control of broadleaf weeds in bearing nut trees ( e.g. , almonds, beech nut, Brazil nut, butternut, cashew, chinquan, filbert, hickory nut, macadamia nut, pecan, pistachio, and walnuts) and grapes . There are currentl y twelve Section 3 registrations based on isoxaben as the active ingredient (ai). There are no current food

-use registrations. The proposed method of application evaluated for this assessment is ground spray but the label is not explicit. The proposed maximum single

## 2



## application rate is 1.0 lb ai/A . FN

- 3133 may not be applied more than twice per crop ye ar up to a maximum total of 1.0 lb ai/A per crop year

. N o re application interval is specified on the label

. Conclusions

– Exposure Characterization

Isoxaben is moderatel y persistent and mobile (Kd 

## = 0.81 to 6.63 mL/g)

. The mobility of isoxaben may decrease with increasing soil clay content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) , although not significantly enough to consider isoxaben bound to soil or sediments . The compound may

represent a ground water concern when applied to certain soils and/or where high water tables (shallow ground waters) are present ( i.e. less than one foot below grade) and high rainfall/ irrigation occurs.

Isoxaben does not hydrolyze and does not appear to readil y degrade in terrestrial environments . Primary

routes of degradation appear to be biodegradation in aerobic and anaerobic water bodies and photo lysis in shallow, clear water bodies

. Four major degradates detected in laboratory biometabolism studies include: hydroxyi soxaben ; dimethoxy benzamide; methoxyphenylpy rimidinol and AEM hexenoylisoxaben. Four minor degradates identified include: hydroxymethoxy benzamide; oxy prop ylisoxaben ; desmethyl isoxaben and methoxy phenylpy rimidinol. One available mobility study and an EPISuite analysis indicate that several of the se isoxaben degradates are more mobile than the parent

. The four major degradates i dentified above are included in aquatic estimated environmental concentrations using a total toxic residues approach.

Conclusions

– Effects Characterization

Consistent with i soxaben ’s intended use as a herbicide, the compound is toxic to aquatic and terrestrial plants. Isoxaben is practicall y nontoxic to aquatic and terrestrial animal species on an acute exposure basis. Sublethal effects (abnormal larvae) were noted in an acute estuarine/marine invertebrate study with clams, but no data are available on the chronic effect of isoxaben on estuarine/marine species . No effects from chronic exposure were observed in studies with freshwater species. Chronic effects on the growth and reproduction of birds and mammals were reported in the available toxicity studies. The four major degradates identified in the exposure characterization are considered to be as toxic as the parent compound based on their structural similarity and are included in estimates of total toxic residues.

Potential Risks to Non

-target Organisms

Isoxaben is moderatel y persistent and combined with its potential chronic effects, the proposed use of the compound the proposed use of isoxaben on grapes and bearing nut trees has the potential to adversel y affect the growth of birds, terrestrial

-phase amphibians, reptiles and mammals from chronic exposure. Depending on soil conditions and weather, isoxaben can move to surface water via spray drift, direct runoff or through runoff of sediment

-bound residues.

## 3



## Estimated concentrations in water are considered likely to adversel y affect aquatic plant growth and this could significantly impair primary

productivity . Impaired primary productivey

could in turn lead to decreased water quality and reduced forage for aquatic biota and result in secondary effects across a broad range of aquatic animals. Acute and chronic risk estimates for direct effects on aquatic animals are below levels of concern; however, there is uncertainty regarding the extent to which secondary effects from decreased primary pro ductivity

will impact the aquatic community

. Additonally, growth of nontarget aquatic and terrestrial plant s is expected to be adversel y affected

. Because there is differential toxicity across the species of plants in the available studies, it is possible that this could lead to shifts in nontarget plant communities exposed to isoxaben. Changes in plant communities, which provide habitat , food and are primary producers in ecosystems, can lead to indirect effects to terrestrial organisms.

Potential eff

ects to federally

- listed endangered and threatened species (listed species) based on exceedances of Agency L evels of Concern (LOCs) require an in

- depth listed species evaluation to determine the extent of potential co

- occurrence of listed species and the areas in which use is proposed on grapes and bearing nut trees . Identified potential risks to listed species are summarized in Table 1 . Listed terrestrial plants may be directl y affected by isoxaben use, and indirect effects on other listed species are p ossible

. Table 1. Potential Listed Species Risks Associated with Direct or Indirect Effects Due to the Proposed Application of Isoxaben on Bearing Nut trees and Grapes

. Listed Taxon Direct Effects Indirect Effects

Terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants

- mo nocots Yes Yes 1



### Terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants

- dicots Yes Yes 1



### Birds Yes Yes 1



### Terrestrial

-phase amphibians Yes Yes 1



### Terrestrial invertebrates Yes Yes 1



### Reptiles Yes Yes 1



### Mammals Yes Yes 1



### Aquatic vascular plants Yes Yes 1



### Aquatic nonvascular plants Yes Yes 1



### Freshwater fish No Yes 1

## 4

Aquatic

-phase amphibians No Yes 1



### Freshwater invertebrates No Yes 1



### Mollusks No Yes 1



### Marine/estuarine fish No Yes 1



### Marine/estuarine crustaceans Yes Yes 1

1 

### Nonlisted LOC exceeded for terrestrial plants, therefore there is potential for adverse effects to those species that rely either on a specific plant species or multiple plant species. Plant indirect effects may include general habitat
mo dification, host plant loss, and food supply disruption.


## II. Problem For mulation A. Nature of the Regulatory Action Dow AgroSciences is seeking registration for a new use of the active ingredient isoxaben (PC Code 125851 ) as the sole active ingredient in the herbicidal end use product FN

- 3133 (Reg. No. 62719

- LIN) . Registration is being requested nationally for pre
- emergent control of broadleaf weed s in bearing nut trees and grapes

. There are currently twelve Section 3 registrations based on isoxaben as the active ingredient (ai). There are no current food

-use registrati ons. The proposed method of application evaluated for this assessment is ground spray but the label is not explicit. The proposed maximum single application rate is 1.0 lb ai/A . FN

3133 may not be applied more than twice per crop year up to a maximum total of 1.0 lb ai/A per crop year

. N o re application interval is specified on the label

. B. Previous Assessments Isoxaben was registered for use as a pre

- emergent herbicide in 1989. There are currentl y twelve S ection 3 registrations based on isoxaben a s the active ingredient (ai) , including use on rights

- of

-ways, turf, landscaping, nurseries, other industrial (noncrop) areas and non

-bearing fruit and nut crops

. There are no current food

-use registrations. The rere gistration review docket for isoxaben was opened in 2008 1



## . No ecological risk assessments have been conducted previousl y for isoxaben.

C . Stressor Source and Distribution

1. Nature of the Chemical Stressor Isoxaben is a pre

- emergent benzamide herbicide used for the control of bro adleaf (dicotyledonous) weeds. The specific mode of action for isoxaben is not well understood, but isoxaben has been shown to inhibit the conversion of glucose to cellulose in cell wall sy nthesis in

1 

### http://www.regulations.gov/search/Regs/home.html#docketDetail?R=EPA

- HQ

- OPP

- 2007

- 1038

## 5



## sensitive species, with grasses (Family : Poaceae) tending to be more tolerant than other plant groups (Salihue et al. 199 8 ). Isoxaben is not thought to be highly mobile in adult plant tissues , apparentl y limiting its toxicity to older plants, but allowing increased efficacy in emerging seedlings. Nonetheles s, the vegetative vigor of early growth plants, particularly ryegrass, is affected b y isoxaben, as discussed in the Ecological Effects Characterization. Chemical properties of isoxaben are presented inTable 2 , while the structure of isoxaben is depicted inFigure 1

.
Table 2 . Nature of the Chemical Stressor



## Common name Isoxaben (EL

- 107) Chemical Name N

- [3

- (methylpent

- 3

- yl)isoxazol

- 5

- yl ]

- 2,6

- dimethoxy

-benzamide Pesticide ty

pe, such as herbicide or insecticide, Herbicide Chemical class benzamide CAS number 82558

- 50

- 7 Empirical formula C 18 

## H 24

## N2 

## O 4 

## Molecular Mass (g/mol) 332.39 g · mol - 1 

## Vapor pressure (torr) < 3.9 X 10 - 7 

## Henry ’ s Law Constant at 20 o 

## C ( atm

-m 3 

## /mole ) 8.5x10 - 10 

## Solubility in water (ppm) 1 Lo g Kow 

## 2.64 p Ka 

## at 25 o 

## C 9.78

Figure 1. Chemical structure of isoxaben.

Isoxaben is moderatel y persistent and (Kd = 0.81 to 6.63 mL/g) mobile (MRID 41106303). There is some indication that the mobility of isoxaben decreases with increasing soil clay content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) (MRID 41106303) , although not significantl y enough to consider isoxaben bound to soil or sediments . The compound may represent a ground

## 6



## water concern when applied to certain soils and/or where high water tables (shallow groundwater) are present ( i.e . less than one foot below grade) and high rainfall/ irrigation occurs (MRID 40059508).

Isoxaben does not hydrolyze and does not appear to readil y degrade in terrestrial environments (MRID s 41106302, 143786, and 164646). Primary routes of degradation appear to be biodegradation in aerobic and anaerobic water bodies and photolysis in shallow, clear water bodies (MRID s 40059507, 46393201 and 46393202). Major degradates det ected during aerobic and anaerobic soil metabolism studies and aerobic and anaerobic aqueous metabolism studies include: hydroxyi soxaben ; dimethoxy

benzamide; methoxy

phenylpy rimidinol and amino ethylmethyl (AEM) hexenoylisoxaben. A mobility study (MRID 41 106303) and EPI Suite 2 

## analysis indicate that several of the se isoxaben degradates are more mobile than the parent

. Additionally, f our major photoly tic degradates (Unk 3, Unk 3i, Unk 5a, and Unk 5b) were detected but not conclusively identified (MRID 47140 003)

. The Health Effects Division (HED) evaluated the isoxaben residues of concern for human health. B ecause the formation of the photodegradates was considered minimal (e.g., formed onl y during aqueous photolysis) and a structural activity relationship ( SAR) anal ysis performed b y HED concluded that none of these degradates were expected to be more toxic than the parent compound , these photodegradates were not of exposure concern and were excluded as residues of concern. HED conclude d that the major degradates detected during the aerobic and anaerobic soil and aqueous metabolism studies were not expected to be more toxic to humans than the parent compound, but data were not available to exclude them as residues of concern. As such, the degradates hydroxyisoxaben, dimethoxy

benzamide , methoxy

phenylpy rimidinol , and AEM hexenoylisoxaben were included as residues of concern for human health (USEPA, 2010) . For this assessment, in the absence of ecotoxicity

data, these degradates were also included as residues of concern for aquatic organisms using a total toxic residue (TTR) analysis. 2. Overview of Pesticide Usage Isoxaben was registered in 1989 for various uses, including: rights

- of

- ways, turf, landscaping, nurseries, other industrial (noncrop) areas and non

-bearing fruit and nut crops. The majority of uses have an application rate of 1.0 lb ai/A/applic ation, three applications per year with a 60

- day reapplication interval, applied either as a dry flowable product in a broadcast spray or as a granular product in a spreader . Some uses are onl y 0.5 lbs ai/A/application and there are hand

- applied soil treatments at rates up to 2.0 lbs ai/A/application.

Based on label instructions for the 12 registered isoxaben product labels, most prohibit aerial appli cation; however, it is not clear whether all of the current uses prohibit aerial application ( e.g. usage on conifer seed orchards). There are label prohibitions on chemigation and direct applications to water. Warnings regarding the potential toxicity to aquatic organisms and avoidance of spray

drift are on the labels as well. I soxaben is not for sale, distribution or use in New York State.

2 

### http://cfpub.epa.gov/crem/knowledge_base/crem_report. cfm?deid=74897

## 7



## In a memo from the OPP B iological and E conomic Anal ys is D ivision (BEAD) dated 08/01/2007, national non
- crop usage accounted for nearl y 19,000 (94%) of the 20,372 lbs applied annuall y (on average) for the ye ars 2003

- 2005, with rights

- of

-way alone accounting for an annual average of 11,619 lbs (57% of total applied).

Isoxaben is currentl y limited to non

-bearing food crops ( i.e. food crops not yet producing a marketable harvest); therefore , historicall y, onl y a small percentage of total target crop area planted is expected to be treated. For instance, according the Screening Level Usage Anal ys is (SLUA, 2007) for isoxab en, the maximum area treated for almonds, apples grapes and walnuts is less than 2.5% of total area planted for each crop. Registered non

-bearing crop uses include almond, apple, apricot, avocado, banana, blackberry (and other raspberry

crops), blueberry, cherry, citrus fruits, elderberry, fig, grapes, nut trees, olive and pomegranate. Approval of the new food use on bearing tree nuts and grapes would likely increase the amount of isoxaben used on these crops and as such increase the percent crop treated

. D . Receptors 1. Aquatic Effects and Terrestrial Effects The receptor is the biological entity that is exposed to the stressor (US EPA, 1998)

. Aquatic and terrestrial receptors that may be exposed to isoxaben include any organism within the action area. Consistent with the process described in the Overview Document (US EPA, 2004), this risk assessment uses a surrogate species approach in its evaluation of isoxaben toxicity

. T oxicological data generated from surrogate test spe cies, which are intended to be representative of broad taxonomic groups, are used to extrapolate to potential effects on a variety of species (receptors) included under these taxonomic groupings.

Acute and chronic toxicity data from studies submitted by pesticide registrants along with the available open literature are used to evaluate the potential direct effects of isoxaben to the aquatic and terrestrial receptors identified in this section. This includes toxicity data on the technical grade active ingredient, formulated products and, when available, degradates. Open literature studies are identified through EPA’s publically available ECOTOX database (http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/), which employs a literature search engine for locating chemical toxicity data for aquatic and terrestrial wildlife and plants. The evaluation of both sources of data may also provide insight into the direct and indirect effects of isoxaben on biotic communities from loss of speci es that are sensitive to the chemical and from changes in structure and functional characteristics of the affected communities.

Isoxaben ’s effect on aquatic organisms is estimated from acute and chronic laboratory studies submitted to the Agency by the technical registrant . The registrant has submitted acute and chronic studies on aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates and studies on the effects of exposure on aquatic plants. Freshwater fish, e.g., bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus ) and rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) , are used as surrogates for all freshwater fish species.

## 8



## Freshwater fish are usually used as surrogates for aquatic

-phase amphibians unless amphibian

specific data are available ; amphibian data are unavailable for isoxaben. Freshwater invertebrate effects are estimated from studies using the waterflea ( Daphnia magna ). Effects of isoxaben on all estuarine/marine fish are estimated from effects on sheepshead minnow ( Cyprinodon variegatus ), while estuarine/marine invertebrate effect s are estimated from studies on Quahog clam ( Mercenaria mercenaria ) and grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio ). Effects on aquatic vascular plants are estimated from studies on duckweed ( Lemna gibba ), while effects on aquatic
non
-vascular plants are similarly estimated from studies on surrogate species of microalgae

. The effect of isoxaben on all bird species is estimated from acute oral , subacute dietary and chronic dietary studies on two species, bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus ) and mallard duck ( Anas p latyrhynchos ). Recent changes in the study guidelines require an acute passerine study, which is not available for this assessment. Birds serve as surrogates for reptiles and terrestrial

-phase amphibians. Effects on mammals are estimated from acute and chronic rat studies submitted to and reviewed b y the Health Effects Division (HED). Potential effects on beneficial insects are estimated using the honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) as a surrogate. Ten species of terrestrial crop plants are studied to estimate the effect of isoxaben on all terrestrial plant species.

Table 3 provides a summary of the taxonomic groups and the surrogate species tested to evaluate potential ecological effects of isoxaben to these non

- target taxonomic groups.

Table 3 . Test Spe cies Evaluated for Assessing Potential Ecological Effects of Isoxaben Taxonomic Group Surrogate Species Acute Toxicity Classification Birds 1 

### Mallard ( Anas platyrhynchos) Bobwhite ( Colinus virginianus) Practically non

-toxic Mammals Laboratory rat (Rattus rattus) Practically non

-toxic Insects Honey bee ( Apis mellifera L. ) Practically non

-toxic Freshwater fish Bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus ) Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) Moderately toxic Moderately toxic Freshwater invertebrates Water flea ( Daphnia magna ) Moderately toxic
E stuarine/marine fish Sheepshead minnow ( Cyprinodon variegatus) Moderately toxic Estuarine/marine invertebrates Grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio ) Quahog clam (Mercenaria mercenaria ) Moderately toxic

Terrestrial plants Monocots

– onion ( Allium cepa ) Dicots

– soy

bean ( Glycine max) Not classified

Aquatic plants and algae Duckweed ( Lemna gibba ) Green algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ) Not classi fied



## 2 . Ecosystems at Risk

The ecos ys tems at risk are often extensive in scope, and as a result it may not be possible to identify

specific ecos ystems during the development of a baseline risk assessment. However, in general terms, terrestrial eco systems potentially at risk could include the treated vineyard or orchard and areas immediately adjacent to the treated field that may receive drift or runoff.

## 9



## Areas adjacent to the treated field could include cultivated fields, fencerows and hedgerows,
meadows, fallow fields or grasslands, woodlands, wetlands, riparian habitats , and other uncultivated areas. Aquatic ecos ys tems potentially at risk include water bodies adjacent to, or down stream from, the treated vineyard or orchard and might include impounded bodies such as ponds, lakes and reservoirs, or flowing waterways such as streams or rivers. For uses in coastal areas, aquatic habitat also includes marine ecos ys tems, including estuaries.

E . Assessment Endpoints Assessment endpoints are intended to be representative estimates of biological entities to be protected, and their attributes that might be affected b y exposure to the pesticide stressor. The valued entities are terrestrial and aquatic vertebrates and invertebrates, aquatic vascular and nonvascular plants, and terrestrial plants. The attributes used to gauge the effects of isoxaben on the valued entities are mortality (or phytotoxicity) from acute exposure and reproductive, growth (length and weight) and survival effects from chroni c exposure

. Guideline toxicity

tests are intended to determine pesticidal effects on ecological entities that include birds, mammals, fish, terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates and plants. The most sensitive toxicity

endpoints are used from surrogate test species (receptors) to estimate treatment

related direct effects on acute and chronic reproductive, growth and survival assessment endpoints. The studies are used to evaluate the potential of a pesticide to cause adverse effects, to determine whether further testing is required, and to determine the need for precautionary label statements to minimize the potential adverse effects to non

- target animals and plants.

F . Conceptual Model For a pesticide to pose an ecological risk, it must reach ecol ogical receptors in biologicall y significant concentrations. An exposure pathway is the means by which a pesticide moves in the environment from a source to an ecological receptor. For an ecological pathway to be complete, it must have a source, a releas e mechanism, an environmental transport medium, a point of exposure for ecological receptors and a feasible route of exposure. A conceptual model provides a written description and visual representation of the predicted relationships between isoxaben , potential routes of exposure, and the predicted effects for the assessment endpoint. The conceptual model consists of two major components: risk hy pothesis and a conceptual diagram (US EPA, 1998).

This risk assessment does not take into account atmospheric transport in estimating environmental concentrations (note, very low vapor pressure indicates that vapor

-phase transport will be negligible), nor does it account for ingestion of isoxaben residues by animals in drinking water or contaminated grit, ingestion through preening activities, or uptake through inhalation or dermal absorption b y terrestrial animals. Exposure to terrestrial animals is based primarily on dietary consumption of residues while aquatic assessments assume that all potential routes of direct exposure are accounted for. Plant exposure is based on spray drift and runoff.

## 10



## 1. Risk Hypothesis

Isoxaben is proposed for use as an herbicide on bearing nut trees and grapes , which involves situations in the environment where potential routes of exposure can result in direct contact to f

orage items ( e.g. , grass), as well as indirect contamination of adjacent bodies of water. Since no previous ecological risk assessment has been conducted, the following generic ecological risk hypothesis is being employed for this risk assessment: Given the uses of isoxaben and its environmental fate properties, there is a likelihood of exposure to non

- target terrestrial and aquatic organisms. W hen used in accordance with the label, isoxaben can result in reduced survival, growth and /or reproductive success in both terrestrial and aquatic organisms, either directly or indirectly

. As an herbicide, direct effects to plants are expected and subsequently indirect to effects to other organisms dependent on both terrestrial and aquatic plants may occur as a result of the prop osed used of isoxaben on orchards and/or vineyards

.

## 11



## 2. Diagram s

Figure 2

. C onceptual model for isoxaben exposure to terrestrial organisms. BOLD lines indicate route of exposure considered of higher im portance for isoxaben

. Dotted lines represent low l ikelihood routes of exposure. 

# Stressor

Source

Receptors

Attribute Change Isoxaben applied to nut orchards or vineyards

Direct applicatio n Spray drift

Birds / Terrestrial

phase amphibians / reptiles / mammals Terrestrial insects

Individual organisms Reduced survival Reduced growth Reduced reproduction Food chain Reduction in prey Habitat integrity Reduction in primary productivity Reduced cover Community

change Terrestrial/riparian plants grasses/forbs, fruit, seeds (trees, shrubs) Runoff

Birds / Mammals 

# Exposure Media Soil

In gestion In gestion

In gestion In gestion Dermal uptake/Ingestion Long range atmospheric transport

Root uptake Wet/dry deposition

Birds / Amphibians In gestion Ground water

## 12



## Figure 3

. C onceptual model for isoxaben effects to aquatic organisms. BOLD lines indicate route of e xposure considered of higher im portance for isoxaben

. Dotted lines represent low likelihood routes of exposure.


## G . Analysis Plan

This document characterizes the environmental fate of isoxaben to assess the extent to which non

- target organisms might be exposed through the proposed uses of this herbicide on bearing tree nut orchards and vineyards . The toxicity of isoxaben is also characterized, based primarily on registrant

- submitted toxicity tests. Estimated exposure (based on total toxic residues) and effects are integrated to calculate risk quotients (RQs) for non

- target endangered/threatened and non

- endangered animals and plants. These RQs are compared to predetermined levels

- of

- concern (LOCs) to determine which taxa may be potentially

affected. Although risk, in the context intended here, is often defined as the likelihood and magnitude of adverse ecological effects, the risk quotient

-based approach does not provide a quantitative estimate of likelihood and/or magnitude of an adverse effect. Such estimates may be possible through a more refined, probabilistic assessment. However, this is beyond the scope of this screening

- level assessment. 

# Stressor

Source

Receptors

Attribute Change Isoxaben applied to nut orchards or vineyards

Spray drift

Fish/aquatic

-phase amphibians Eggs Larvae Juveniles / Adults

Individual organisms Reduced survival Reduced growth Reduced reproduction Food chain Reduction in algae Reduction in prey Habitat integrity Reduction in primary productivity Reduced cover Community

change Surface water/ Sediment Runoff

Aquatic Animals Invertebrates Vertebrates 

# Exposure Media

Uptake/gills

or integument

In gestion In gestion Long

- range atmospheric transport

Wet/dry deposition Soil Ground water

Uptake/gills or integument Aquatic Plants

Non

-vascular Vascular Uptake/cell, roots, leaves Riparian plant terrestrial exposure (Figure 2 )

## 13



## 1 . Measures to Evaluate Risk Hypotheses and Conceptual Model a. Measures of Exposure

Measures of exposure to aquatic animals and plants are concentrations in surface water based on aquatic and terrestrial models that predict estimated environmental concentrations (EEC) of isoxaben using maximum labeled application rates and application methods that have the greatest potential for off

- site transport of the chemical. The models used to predict aquatic EECs are the Pesticide Root Zone Model coupled with the EXposure Analysis Model System (PRZM/EXAMS). The model used to predict terrestrial EECs on foo d items is T

- REX. The model used to derive EECs relevant to terrestrial and wetland plants is TerrPlant.

PRZM and EXAMS are simulation models coupled with a graphical user interface to generate dail y exposures and 1

- in

- 10

- ye ar estimated EEC s of isoxaben that may occur in surface water bodies adjacent to application sites receiving isoxaben through runoff and spray drift. PRZM simulates pesticide application, movement and transformation on an agricultural field and the resultant pesticide loadings to a receiving water body via runoff, erosion , and spray drift. EXAMS simulates the fate of the pesticide and resulting concentrations in the water body. The standard watershed geometry used for ecological pesticide assessments assumes application to a 10

-hectare agricultural field that drains into an adjacent 1

-hectare water body that is 2 meters deep (20,000 m 3 

## volume) with no outlet. The linked PRZM/EXAMS models are used to estimate screening

- level exposure of aquatic organisms to isoxaben . The measure of exposure for aquatic species is the 1

- in

- 10

- year return peak or rolling mean concentration. The 1

- in

- 10

- ye ar peak is used for estimating acute exposures of direct effects to aquatic organisms. The 1

- in

10

- ye ar 60

- day

mean is used for assessing chronic exposure to fish and aquatic

-phase amphibians. The 1

- in

- 10

- ye ar 21

- day mean is used for assessing aquatic invertebrate chronic exposure

. Measures of exposure to terrestrial plants irrigated with ground water were simulated using EECs from the S creening C oncentration In GROund W ater model ( SCI

- GROW, v2.3, Jul. 29, 2003) that were postprocessed (procedure outlined in Appendix A) . SCI

- GROW wa s a regression model used as a screening tool to estimate pesticide concentrations found in ground water. SCI

- GROW was developed b y fitting a linear model to ground water concentrations with the Relative Index of Leaching Potential (RILP) as the independent variable. Ground water concentrations were taken from 90

- day average high concentrations from Prospective Ground Water studies. The RILP is a function of aerobic soil metabolism and the soil

-water partition coefficient. The output of SCI

- GROW represents the concentrations of isoxaben residue that might be expected in shallow unconfined aquifers under sandy soils, which is representative of the ground water most vulnerable to pesticide contamination. Postprocessing assumes that ground water concentrations estimated by SCI

- GROW are applied to a field via one inch of irrigation

. Exposure to terrestrial animals through consumption of treated feed items wa s calculated from the maximum proposed label rate using a nomogram derived from the work of Hoerger and Kenaga (1972) and Fletcher et al . (1994) using the spreadsheet model T

- REX (version 1.4.1)

.

## 14



## Measures of exp osure to terrestrial plants were expressed as a fraction of the mass of isoxaben applied to a treated field. The screening model TerrPlant (version 1. 2.2 ) assumes that default fractions of the intended application will be transported to an adjacent field through runoff and spray

drift. To evaluate the spatial extent of risk to nontarget terrestrial plants, AgDRIFT ® 

## v2.01 wa s used to determine at what distance from the application area LOCs are no longer exceeded.

b. Measures of Effect

Measures of e ffect are obtained from a suite of OCSPP guideline studies conducted with a limited number of surrogate species. The test species are intended to be representative of the most sensitive species, but are ty picall y selected based on their ability to thrive under laboratory conditions. Consistent with EPA test guidelines, the registrant has provided a suite of ecological effects data to the Agency

. Acute measures of effect are ty picall y the median lethal concentrations that produce 50% mortality in the test organisms ( e.g. LC 50 

## ). Measures of chronic exposure typically result from reproduction studies for which a no
- observed

- adverse

effect

- concentration (NO AEC ) is determined. The measure of effect for terrestrial plants is the EC 25 

## . Endangered plant effect s endpoints are the lowest test rate where there is no observed effect on survival or growth. III. Analysis A. Exposure Characterization

1. Environmental Fate and Transport Characterization The physical and chemical properties and the environmental fate source data from submitted studies for isoxaben and its major degradates are summarized in Table 4

. Environmental fate and transport properties of isoxaben are characterized in further detail in the following sections.

Table 4

. Physical/chemical properties and environmental fate source data for isoxaben and its degradates. P roperty Value Source Comments

Chemical Name N

- [3

- (methylpent

- 3

- yl)isoxazol

- 5

- yl]

- 2,6

- dimethoxy

-benzamide - Molecular Weight ( g/mol) 332.39

- Solubility in Water ( mg/L @ 20 °C ) 1 MRID 40059506 Vapor Pressure (torr @ 2 6 °C ) <3.9x 10 - 7 

### MRID 40059506 Octanol

-water partition coefficient (Kow

### ) 434 MRID 40059506 Hydrolysis Half

- life (pH 5, 7 , and 9; 25 ° C) Stable MRID 00250449

## 15

Table 4

. Physical/chemical properties and environmental fate source data for isoxaben and its degradates. P roperty Value Source Comments Aqueous Photolysis Half

life ( days) 6 MRID 47140003 Soil Photolysis Half

- life (days) 49 MRID 47428403

Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half

- life (days) 161 (sandy loam) 210 (silt loam) 277 (silt loam) 866 (sand) MRID 47140004

Anaerobic Soil Metabolism Half

- life (days) 224 MRID 41106302 Aerobic Aquatic MetabolismHalf

- life (days) 21 (sand and sandy loam) MRID 46393202 Anaerobic Aquatic MetabolismHalf

- life (days) 18 MRID 46393201

Soil

-Water Partition C oefficients (mL/g) (Kd

### ) 0.81 (sand) 2.48 (sandy loam) 4.41 (loam) 6.63 (clay loam) 2.18 (loamy sand) MRID 41106303

Henry’s Law Constant ( atm

- m3

### /m ol) 8.5x 10 - 10



### – Calculated from vapor pressure, mo lecular weight, and solubility.

Bioaccumulation At 0.25 ppm: 14x for edible, 134x for non

edible, 70x for whol e fish tissues 92

- 99% of 14 

### C residues eliminated by 14 days MRID 40059509

Terrestrial field dissipation half

- life (soil texture) in top 6 inches of soil 3 4

- 55 days in spring treated sand soil (Florida) and loam soil (Indiana)

78

- 174 days in autumn treated sand soil (Florida) and sandy loam soil (Texas)

72 days in clay loam soil (Illinois)

122

- 134 days in silt loam soil (Indiana) MRID 40059508

MRID 40059508

MRIDs 40532102 & 40532103

MRID 00250449 & 00153107


## Isoxaben is moderatel y persistent and mobile (Kd 

## = 0.81 to 6.63 mL/g) (MRID 41106303). There is some indication that the mobility of isoxaben decreases with increasing soil clay content and cation exchange capacity (CEC) (MRID 41106303), although not significantl y enough to consider isoxaben bound to soil or sediments. I soxaben does not hydrol yz e and does not appear to readil y degrade in terrestrial environments (MRIDs 41106302, 143786, and 164646). Primary

routes of degradation appear to be biodegradation in aerobic and anaerobic

## 16



## water bodi es and photolysis in shallow, clear water bodies (MRIDs 40059507, 46393201 and 46393202). a. Transport and Mobility Isoxaben is not volatile, with a vapor pressure of less than 3.9 x 10 - 7 

## torr at 26oC (MRID 40059506). The compound exhibits weak acid behavior (pKa 

## = 9.8), is neutral environmental pHs, and is moderatel y s oluble in water at environmental pH=7 (1 mg/L; MRID 40059506). The reported Kow 

## for isoxaben was 434 (MRID 40059506). Isoxaben is considered mobile, with reported soil

- water partition coefficients (Kd

## ) from five soils ranging from 0.81 to 6.63 (MRID 41106303). A regression anal ysis of the adsorption coefficients versus the organic carbon content yi elded a p

-value>0.1; as such, the Koc model was deemed inappropriate and Kd 

## values were used in the modeling. A leaching and adsorption/desorption study was conducted on one of the identified major degradates: hydroxyisoxaben. With reported Kd 

## from five soils ranging from 0.06 to 0.84, this compound was more mobile than the parent (MRID 41106303). Compounds with Kd 

## values less than five present a potential concern for ground water (USEPA, 2008a). Therefore, isoxaben and its major degradate hydroxyi soxaben, based on study data, present a potential ground water concern in some soils, especially those that are sandy

and have low organic carbon content (all Kd 

## values for both compounds, except for clay loam soil, were less than 5; MRID 41106303).

b. Degradation

Isoxaben is stable to hydrolysis at pH 5, 7 and 9 (MRID 00250449). It is rap idly photoly zed in shallow, clear water, with a corrected environmental half

- life of 6 days at pH 7 (MRID 47140003). Major degradates include dimethoxy benzamide and four degradates that were detected but not conclusively identified; a uracil (Unk 3), an oxime (Unk 3i), a py razolone (Unk 5a), and an isoquinolone (Unk 5b). Study authors indicated that extensive efforts were made to identify

the compounds, but in the end the best that could be done was to identify structural and functional group changes that occurred during photodegradation. The names and structures of these unknowns that were proposed by the study authors based on this analysis are provided in Appendix B. I soxaben photodegrades comparativel y slowl y in soil, with a corrected environmental photodegredation half

- life in soil of 49 days in sandy loam soil at pH 7.0 and 0.99% organic carbon (MRID 47428403). Isoxaben does not readily bio degrade in soil under aerobic or anaerobic conditions, with half l ives of greater than 150 days. In four fore ign soils held under aerobic conditions , isoxaben degraded with half

- lives of 161 days (sandy loam), 210 days (silt loam), 277 days (silt loam), and 866 days (sand) (MRID 47140004 ) . Overall recoveries were greater than 90%. The onl y major degradate identified in the study was hydroxisoxaben. The study was classified as supplemental, as all of the soils were foreign and it was unclear if they were comparable to soils in the United States. Lo am soil was incubated anaerobicall y for 60 days after 60 days of aerobic

## 17



## incubation (MRID 41106302). Isoxaben degraded with a half

- life of 224 days. Overall recoveries were greater than 90%. The onl y major degradate identified in the study was hydroxisoxaben. The study was classified as acceptable. Primary routes o f biodegradation are in aerobic and anaerobic water bodies. In two aerobic aquatic s ys tems (brook water

- sand sediment and brook water

- sandy loam sediment), isoxaben degraded with a half

- life of 21 days (MRID 46393202). Major degradates include dimethoxy

b enzamide and AEM hexenoyl

- isoxaben. The study was classified as acceptable. In an anaerobic aquatic s ys tem (water and sandy clay loam soil), isoxaben degraded with a half

- life of 18 days (MRID 46393201). Overall recoveries were above 90%. Major degradates include dimethoxy

benzamide, methoxy

phenylpy rimidinol, and AEM hexenoyl

- isoxaben. The study was classified as acceptable.

c. Field Studies Two terrestrial field dissipation studies were conducted for isoxaben using five sites in the United States. Two of the studies were conducted on turf plots (MRIDs 40059508 and 40532102); the spring and autumn treated turf plots in Florida (sand) were level grade while the plot in Illinois (clay

loam) had a slope of 5

- 10%. The remaining plots were bare ground (MRID 40059508); the plot in Indiana (loam sand) had a slope of 2% and the Texas (sandy loam) plot was level grade. Of the five sites, only the Indiana site reported subsurface drainage. Turf applications were made using a backpack sprayer while bare soil a pplications were made using a tractor

- drawn boom. Isoxaben, as a 75% dry flowable concentrate, was applied to all plots at a rate of 1.0 lbs ai/A. Florida sites were irrigated with 0.2 inches (spring) and 0.5 inches (fall) of water following treatment, with additional irrigation applied during the May to September timeframe if less than 0.1 inches per day occurred. A total of 74 inches of rain (plus irrigation) were received in Florida over 313 days, 28 inches in Illinois over 211 days, 13 inches in Indi ana over 127 days, and 21 inches in Texas over 182 days. Samples were collected to a maximum depth of 24 inches in Florida and 12 inches in Indiana and Texas. Samples were analyz ed for isoxaben and the degradate hydrox yi soxaben. In the majority of terre strial field dissipation studies, isoxaben was equal to or less than 1% in soil samples collected at depths greater than 6 inches. However, one sample in Florida (MRID 40531202) had an isoxaben level of 2% at a depth of 6

- 12 inches at 129 days after appli cation. The study noted that the water table at the site was within 10 inches of the surface and that potential groundwater contamination could have occurred. In all but one of the terrestrial field dissipation studies, hydroxyisoxaben was ≤1% of the applied in all soil samples collected below 6 inches. However, in a Florida study (MRID 40532101), was detected in four soil samples at depths of 15

- 30 cm at levels ≤2% of the applied. The limit of detection (LOD) in the studies was 0.01 lbs ai/A (MRID 40059508) and 0.02 lbs ai/A (MRID 40532102). Half

- lives for isoxaben ranged from 34 to 147 days. A third field dissipation study (MRID 00250449/00153107) was conducted using two outdoor lysimeter

- enclosed bareground plots (0.656 m2) of silt loam soil in Indiana. In the first test, isoxaben ( 14 

## C isoxaben labeled on the carbonyl carbon) was applied at a target rate of 250 g ai/ha (0.22 lbs ai/A) to two plots seeded with winter barley in October, 1980. In a second test, isoxaben was applied at a target rate of 150 g ai/ha (0.13 lbs ai/A) to two plots (one plot received

## 18

14 

## C isoxaben labeled on the carbonylcarbon while the second plot received 14 

## C isoxaben labeled in the 5

-position on the isoxazole ring) which were maintained free of vegetation in November, 1981. Soil samples were collected to a depth of 15 cm in the first test and 37.5 cm in the second test. In the second test radiolabeled isoxaben was not detected below 15 cm until week 50 and was always below 4%. The half

- life for isoxaben ranged from 122 to 134 days. In the second test, two degradates were identified in samples collected to a depth of 15 cm: hydroxisoxaben and hydroxyethyl isoxaben. The maximum amount of hydroxyi soxaben occurred on Day 32 at 8.6% of the applied amount and declined to 4.6% at Day 100. The maximum amount of hydroxyi soxaben occurred on Day 86 at 3.9% of the applied amount and declined to 3.8% at Day 100. This study

was classified as supplemental, as the use of l ys imeter plots were not trul y repres entative of field plots due to their limited size.

d. Bioconcentration
Isoxaben residues accumulated in bluegill sunfish with maximum bioconcentration factors of 14x in edible tissue, 134x in non
- edible tissue, and 70x in whole fish tissue during 28 days of exposure (MRID 40059509). Residues accumulated by exposure day

2 8 were depurated quickly ; at day

1 4 of depuration, isoxaben residues had been reduced by 9 2

- 99% in the edible,
non
- edible, and whole fish tissues. The study w as classified as supplemental because isoxaben residues were incompletely characterized and residues in the whole fish tissue were not determined experimentally

. Due to the relatively low KOW 

## and bioconcentration factors in fish, isoxaben is not expected to accumulate in aquatic or terrestrial food chains.

e . Degradates Major biodegradates of isoxaben include hydroxyisoxaben, dimethoxyb enzamide, methoxy phenylpy rimidinol, and AEM hexenoyl

- isoxaben. Additionally, four major photoly tic degradates (Unk 3, Unk 3i, Unk 5a, and Unk 5b ) were detected but not conclusively identified (MRID 47140003). Chemical names, structures, and fate data for these degradates are provided in Appendix B. Based on structural anal ys is of the biodegradates in EPI Suite, three of the biodegradates (hydroxy isoxaben, dimethoxy benzamide, and AEM hexenoyl isoxaben) have the potential to be more mobile than isoxaben, with methoxyphenyl py rimidinol appearing to be very immobile. As mentioned above, hydroxyi soxaben was detected in all of the terrestrial field studies. In two of the studies (MRIDs 40059508 and 40532102), hydroxyisoxaben was ≤1% of the applied in all soil samples collected below 6 inches. However, in the Florida study (MRID 40532101), was detected in four soil samples at depths of 15

- 30 cm at levels ≤2% of the applied. In a third study

(MRID 00250449/00153107), the degradate hydroxisoxaben was detected in samples collected to a depth of 15 cm. Hydroxyi soxaben was ≤9% of the applied in all soil samples collected below 15 cm.

f

. Residues of Conc ern Major degradates detected during aerobic and anaerobic soil metabolism studies and aerobic and anaerobic aqueous metabolism studies include: hydroxyi soxaben; dimethoxy

benzamide; methoxy

phenylpy rimidinol and amino ethyl methyl (AEM) hexenoylisoxaben. Additionally, four major photoly tic degradates (Unk 3, Unk 3i, Unk 5a, and

## 19



## Unk 5b) were detected but not conclusively identified (MRID 47140003). The Health Effects Division (HED) evaluated the isoxaben residues of concern for human health. Because the f ormation of the photodegradates was considered minimal (e.g., formed only during aqueous photolysis) and a structural activity relationship (SAR) anal ys is performed by HED concluded that none of these degradates were expected to be more toxic than the parent compound, these photodegradates were not of exposure concern and were excluded as residues of concern. HED concluded that the major degradates detected during the aerobic and anaerobic soil and aqueous metabolism studies were not expected to be more to xic to humans than the parent compound, but data were not available to exclude them as residues of concern. As such, the degradates hydroxyi soxaben, dimethoxy benzamide, methoxyphenylp yrimidinol, and AEM hexenoylisoxaben were included with isoxaben as resi dues of concern for human health (USEPA, 2010)

. For this assessment, in the absence of ecotoxicity data, these degradates were included as residues of concern for aquatic organisms using a total toxic residue (TTR) anal ys is. Using fate data for isoxaben and the degradates of concern, half

- lives were recalculated for the TTR, as provided in Table 5

.

Table 5 . Physical/chemical properties and environmental fate source data for residues of concern Property Value Source Aqueous Photolysis Half

- life (@ pH 7; in days) 6

- 15 MRID 47140003 Soil Photolysis Half

- life (days) 63 MRID 47428403 Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half

- life (days) 206 (sandy loam) 342 (silt loam) 358 (silt loam) 1,116 (sand) MRID 47140004

Anaerobic Soil Metabolism Half

- life (days) 446 MRID 41106302 Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism Half

life (days) 62 (sand) 166 (sandy loam) MRID 46393202 Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism Half

life (days) 265 MRID 46393201

Freundlich Adsorption Coefficient (mL/g) (Kd

### ) 0.81 (isoxaben, sand) 2.48 (isoxaben, sandy loam) 4.41 (isoxaben, loam) 6.63 (isoxaben, clay loam) 2.18 (isoxaben, loamy sand) 0.06 (hydroxyisoxaben, sand) 0.22 (hydroxyisoxaben, sandy loam) 0.37 (hydroxyisoxaben, loam) 0.84 (hydroxyisoxaben, clay loam) 0.3 (hydroxyisoxaben, loamy sand) MRID 41106303



## g . Transport and Dissipation Pathways In addition to its degradation via aquatic metabolism and aqueous photolysis (in clear, shallow water), isoxaben and it s degradates are likely to dissipate off site mainly via leaching

## 20



## through soil and runoff of dissolved residues from treated fields. Deposition off

- field or into surface water via spray

drift may also occur

. Isoxaben and its degradates are not expected to be subject to soil, water, or air transport via soil

-bound residues (very low adsorption) or atmospheric transport via partitioning to air through spray drift or volatization (low vapor pressure). 2. Measures of Aquatic Exposure

a. Surface Water Aquatic Exposure Modeling In order to model aquatic EECs of isoxaben originating from ground applications to control broadleaf weeds around b earing nut trees and grape vineyard s , PRZM scenario s were modeled

. S ensitivity

analysis of PRZM indicates that precipitation and curve number (CN) contribute significantly

to variability

in EECs (FEMVTF 2 001)

. For grapes, scenario s representing wine grape vineyards in San Francisco, CA and grapes grown in New York were modeled

. While isoxaben use is prohibited in New York by the proposed label, the New York grape scenario was used as a surrogate for grap es grown on the east coast of the United States

. Modeling was conducted for bearing nut trees using the Georgia pecan , the Oregon filbert , and the California almond scenarios

. These scenarios are used as surrogates for the bearing nut tree orchards on th e proposed label ( e.g. , almonds, beech nut, Brazil nut, butternut, cashew, chinquan, filbert, hickory

nut, macadamia nut, pecan, pistachio, and walnuts). For this assessment, only the highest exposure values ( e.g. , those from the New York grape and Georgia pecan scenario ) have been reported. In less vulnerable areas, EECs may be substantiall y reduced (i.e. > 25%).

b. Input Parameters Input parameters for the PRZM/EXAMS model for applications to b earing nut tree orchards and grape vineyard s appear in Table 6 , respectivel y ; data source and comments accompany values for each parameter. SCI

- GROW input parameters are presented in Table 7

. M ethods used to derive input values are consistent the EFED Input Parameter Guidance

.
Table 6

. PRZM/EXAMS input parameter s for isoxaben applied to bearing nut tree orchards and grape vineyards Input Parameter Value Source Comment Application Rate in lbs ai/A (kg ai/ha) 1.0 (1.21) Proposed label. The maximum proposed application rate considered for this assessment is 1.0 lb s ai/acre/application, with a total annual application rate of 1.0 lbs ai/acre. Applications per Year 1 Proposed label. Application Intervals (days) NA Proposed label.

Modeled Scenario Grapes: NY Grapes Nut Trees: GA Pecan

Date of Initial Applicati on Grapes: September 14 Nut trees: September 21 --- Selected day with largest precipitation event between emergence and harvest dates.

## 21

Table 6

. PRZM/EXAMS input parameter s for isoxaben applied to bearing nut tree orchards and grape vineyards Input Parameter Value Source Comment
CAM 1 Proposed label

--- IPSCND 1 Proposed label Molecular Weight (g/mol) 332.39 Product chemistry data. ---
Henry's Law Constant (atm

- m3 

### /mol) 8.5x10 - 10



### --- Calculated using vapor pressure, molecular weight, and solubility. Solubility in Water at 25 o 

### C (mg/L) 1.0 MRID 40059506 Freundlich Adsorption Coefficient (mL/g) (Kd

### ) 3.3 (isoxaben) 0.36 (hydroxyisoxaben) MRID 411 06303 Mean Kd 

### value. 1


### Application Efficiency 0.99 Input parameter guidance. 1 

### Spray Drift Fraction 0.01 Input parameter guidance. 1 

### Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half

- life (days) 710 (TTR) MRID 47140004 Represents the 90 th 

### percentile of the upper

confidence b ound on the mean (450) of 5 TTR half

- life values. 1 

### Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism Half

- life (days) 274 (TTR) MRID 46393202 Represents the 90 th 

### percentile of the upper

confidence bound on the mean (114) of 2 TTR half

- life values. 1 

### Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism Half

- life (days) 795 (TTR)

--- 3 x single half

- life. 1



### Hydrolysis Half

- lives (days) Stable MRID 00250449 No significant degradation in study.
Aqueous Photolysis Half

- life (days) 15 (TTR) MRID 47140003 Maximum dark control corrected half

- life. 1

1 

### EFED input parameter guidance is located at: http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/input_parameter_guidance.htm.

Table 7

. SCI

- GROW input parameter values for isoxaben and its degradates Input Parameter Value Source Comment Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half

- li fe (days) 342 (TTR) MRID 47140004 Median value 1



### Organic Carbon Normalized Partition Coefficient Koc 

### 434 (isoxaben) 57 (hydroxyisoxaben) MRID 41106303 Values derived from regression analysis. See discussion below. Application Rate (lb ai/A) 1 Proposed label

– Maximum No. of Applications/Year 1 Proposed label

–

1 EFED input parameter guidance is located at: http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/input_parameter_guidance.htm.

## 22



## Because isoxaben has a number of major degradates with similar toxicity a s isoxaben, a total toxic residue (TTR) approach was used in the modeling. Half

- lives for all of the studies were estimated for the TTR by summing the amounts of isoxaben, hydroxyisoxaben, dimethoxy

benzamide, methoxy

phenylpy rimidinol, and AEM hexenoylisox aben for each sampling period and performing a regression on the log

- transformed data

. For adsorption to soil, a regression anal ys is of the adsorption coefficients versus the organic carbon content yielded a p

value>0.1; as such, the Koc 

## model was deemed inappropriate and soil

-water partition coefficient (Kd

## ) values were used in the modeling. Per EFED’s Input Parameter Guidance, the arithmetic mean of the Kd 

## values was used. However, a mobility study (MRID 41106303) and EPI Suite anal ys is indicated that s everal of the isoxaben degradates were more mobile than the parent. As such, two sets of PRZM/EXAMS and SCI

- GROW modeling runs were completed: one set using the mobility

estimates of the parent (Kd 

## = 3.3 mL/g) and one set using mobility estimates derived from the degradate study (Kd 

## = 0.36 mL/g)

. While aerial application of isoxaben on bearing nut tree orchards and grape bearing vineyards was not specifically prohibited on the label, EFED modeled ground application of isoxaben because: (1) isoxaben is a preemergence herbicide proposed for control of broadleaf weeds; and, (2) aerial application of isoxaben on bearing nut tree orchards and grape vineyards would likely

destro y the crops it i s meant to protect. Itshould be noted that aerial application of pe sticides normally

results in higher EECs. As such, higher concentrations would be expected if isoxaben had been modeled using the aerially application method. For the PRZM input “chemical application method” (CAM), a value of 1 was selected to represent foliar applications for grape vineyards and bearing nut tree orchards

. For the PRZM input “ condition for disposition of foliar pesticide after harvest” (IPSCND ), a value of 1 was selected for both applications as the pesticide is surface applied to contro l broadleaf weeds

. Ground applications were modelled, using a spray drift fraction of 0.01 and an application efficiency of 0.99 , per the Input Guidance

. Application dates were selected by examining the precipitation events in the corresponding meteorolo gical files and selecting the date with the highest precipitation that fell between the emergence date and the harvest date for the respective crop.

c. Modeling Results PRZM/EXAMS EECs representing 1

- in

- 10

- ye ar peak, 21

- day, and 60

- day average concentrations are located in Table 8 . SCI

- GROW EECs are presented in Table 9

.
Table 8 . PRZM/EXAMS

- simulated EECs for isoxaben applied at m aximum application rates to grape vineyar ds and bearing nut tree orchards Scenario 1

- in

- 10 yr Peak ( μg ai/L) 21

- d Avg Conc

( μg ai/L) 60

- d Avg Conc

( μg ai/L) Parent K

d 

### Data (K

d 

### = 3.3 mL/g) Grapes 14.2 13.9 13.2 Bearing Nut Trees 22.2 19.4 18.1 Degradate K

d 

### Data (K

d 

### = 0.36 mL/g) Grapes 12.0 1 2.0 11.5 Bearing Nut Trees 18.0 17.1 16.0

## 23

Table 9 . SCI

- GROW EECs for isoxaben applied at m aximum application rates to grape vineyards and bearing nut tree orchards (μg ai/L).

Scenario Acute ( μg ai/L) Chronic ( μg ai/L) Parent K

d 

### Data (K

d 

### = 3.3 mL/g) Grapes / Bearing nut trees 0.71 0.71 Degradate K

d 

### Data (K

d 

### = 0.36 mL/g) Grapes / Bearing nut trees 14.5 14.5



## FN

- 3133 may

not be applied more than twice per crop year up to a maximum total of 1.0 lb ai/A per crop ye ar

. As such , EFED performed PRZM/EXAMS and SCIGROW runs for two applications of isoxaben at 0.5 lbs ai/acre/application, using the scenario with the highest EECs, bearing nut trees. As the label does not specify a retreatment interval (RTI), EFED conducted PRZM/EXAMS runs at RTI s of 3, 7, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 days, using the same fate parameters outlined in Table 8 and a Kd 

## of 3.3 mL/g. SCIGROW runs were conducted using the same fate parameters as presented in Table 9 . Results for all mode l runs indicate EECs were at or below the values derived for a single application of isoxaben to bearing nut tree orchards

.

e. Monitoring Data
Isoxaben is not included as one of the anal ytes monitored in U.S. surface and groundwater under the USGS’s Nati onal Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program (http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa). Surface water and sediment monitoring data from the California Department of Pesticide Regulation (CDPR) indicate that six surface water samples were collected and anal yz ed for isoxaben in 2006 in Stanislaus County, but all of the reported concentrations were 0 μg/L . The database did not provide the limit of detection for these samples, so it is unclear what the concentration truly was . Monitoring data for isoxaben degradates were not available. 3. Measures of Terrestrial Exposure The proposed application method for isoxaben being evaluated is ground broadcast spray

. This application method can result in various routes of expo sure to non

- target terrestrial organisms, including ingestion of treated foods, spray drift and runoff. The label specifies no more than two applications per year but does not specify limitations on application intervals

. The seasonal maximum application ( 1.0 lbs ai/A) can be applied at one time.

a. Terrestrial Animals Exposure estimates for terrestrial animals assumed to be in the target area or in an area exposed to spray

drift are derived using the T

- REX model (version 1. 4 .1, 10.09.2008). This model incorporates the Kenaga nomograph, as modified by Fletcher et al. (1994), which is based on a large set of actual field residue data. The u pper limit dietary

- based values ( Table 1 0 ) from the nomograph represent the 95 th 

## percentile of residue values from actual field measurements (Hoerger and Kenega, 1972) and are based on the proposed maximum single application rate of 1.0 lb a.i./Acre. . The Fletcher et al. (1994) modifications to the Kenega nomograph are based on

## 24



## measured fiel d residues from 249 published research papers, including information on 118 species of plants, 121 pesticides, and 17 chemical classes.

Table 10 . Unadjusted * Dietary EECs from TREX v1.4.1 based on a single application of 1 lb ai/acre

.
Terrestrail Anim al Forage Item Dietary

- based EECs (mg ai/kg diet) Short Grass 240.00 Tall Grass 110.00 Broadleaf plants/sm Insects 135.00 Fruits/pods/seeds/lg insects 15.00 *not adjusted for size class or nutritive value of food item



## b. Terrestrial Plants Exp osure to upland and wetland plants is estimated using the TerrPlant (v1.2.2) screening model and AgDRIFT (v2.01) . TerrPlant estimates potential exposure from a single application using default assumptions for runoff and spray drift ( Table 1 1 ) . For runoff plus drift, TerrPlant incorporates two similar conceptual models for depicting dry and semi

- aquatic (wetland) areas of terrestrial habitats. For both scenarios, a non

- target area is adjacent to the treated field. Herbicide exposures to plants adjacent to the treated field are estimated to receive runoff and drift from the treated field. For a dry area adjacent to the treated orchard or vineyard , runoff exposure is estimated as sheet runoff. In the model, sheet runoff is defined as the amount of herbici de in water that runs off of the soil surface of a treated field which is equal in size to the
non
- target area (1:1 ratio of areas). For wetland areas, runoff exposure is estimated as channelized runoff. In the model, channelized runoff is the amount of herbicide that runs off of a treated orchard or vineyard 10 times the size of the area adjacent to the treated orchard or vineyard (10:1 ratio of areas). Estimated exposures through runoff plus drift and drift alone are then compared to measures of plant survival and growth ( e.g. effects to seedling emergence and vegetative vigor) to develop RQ values. AgDRIFT provides point estimates of mass deposition at distances from the application site.

Table 1 1 . EECs for isoxaben (lbs ai/A) based on the proposed m aximum single application rate of 1.0 lb ai./Acre

. Description Equation EEC

Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.001 Runoff to semi

- aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.01 Spray drift A*D 0.001 Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.002 Total for semi

- aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.011



## B . Ecological Effects Characterization All toxicity

studies were conducted with isoxaben , with the exception of terrestrial plant studies, which were conducted with a formulated product , i.e ., FN

- 3133 . A search of the

## 25



## publical ly available ECOTOX database (0 5 /04/20 10 ) re sulted in no relevant open literature toxicity data. 1. Aquatic Effects Characterization The registrant has submitted a suite of studies, as required b y CFR 40 Part 158 3


## , which examine the toxicity

of iso xaben to representative aquatic organisms that serve as surrogates for organisms that may

be exposed. Both acute and chronic effects were determined for freshwater fish and invertebrates. Acute effects on marine/estuarine fish and invertebrates and aquatic vascular and nonvascular plants were also examined. However, some data gaps remain and will be discussed later in the document.

a. Aquatic Animals

i

. Effects from Acute E

xposure Most of the available aquatic effects studies were conducted at nominal concentrations of 0 (control) and 100 mg ai/L . Very few were conducted with a co

- solvent, and the water solubility of isoxaben is 1 mg/L. There was no reported effort to centrifuge or filter the solute. If the solutions were actual ly prepared with a nominal concentration of 100 mg ai/L and the measured concentration is roughl y 1 mg ai/L in the acute studies, a precipitate should have been reported. However, no precipitate is reported for any of the available studies.

Freshwater Fi sh

In 96

-h acute toxicity

s tudies, rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ; MRID 00132146 ), bluegill sunfish (

Lepomis macrochirus ; MRID 00132145 ) and common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ; MRID 00137844 ) were exposed to isoxaben at mean
-measured concentrations of 0 (negative control) and 1.0 mgai/L. N o sub

- lethal effects were observed in any study

. The L C 50 

## and NOAEC values ( Table 1 2 ) , based on a lack of mortality and sub

- lethal effects, were >1.0 and 1.0 mg ai/L. B ased on the results of these studies , i soxaben is classified as moderatel y toxic to freshwater fish on an acute exposure basis.

Table 1 2 . Freshwater fish and amphibian acute toxicity for technical grade isoxaben

. Species 96

- hour

LC 50 

### mg ai/L Toxicity

Category MRID No. Study Classification

Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) >1

. 0 Moderately toxic 00132146 Supplementa
Bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) >1.0 Moderately toxic 00132145 Supplemental
Common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) >1.0 Moderately toxic 00137844 Supplemental

3 Code of Federal Regulations 40, Part 158.subpart 630. Terrestrial and aquatic nontarget organism data requirements. http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/text

idx?c=ecfr;sid=fe712efed37d095118c7637457e011b3;rgn=div5;view=text;node=40%3A23 .0.1.1.9;idno=40;cc=ecfr#40:23.0.1.1.9.7.1.1

## 26



## Estuarine/marine Fish

In a 96

-h acute toxicity

study, sheepshead minnow s ( Cyprinodon variegatus ; MRID 4053 1304 ) were exposed to isoxaben at time

-weighted average (TWA) concentrations were <0.02 (<LOQ; controls) and 0.86 mg ai/L . The 96

-h LC 50 

## was >0.86 mg ai/L . The L C 50 

## and NOAE C values ( Table 1 3 ) , based on a lack of mortality and sub

- lethal effects, were 0.86 and >0.86 mg ai/L , respectively . Isoxaben is classified as moderatel y toxic to estuarine/marine fish at the limit of its water solubility

. Table 1 3 . Estuarine/marine fish acute toxicity to technical grade isoxaben

.

Species 96

- hour

LC 50 

### mg ai/L Toxicity Category MRID No. Study Classification
Sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) >0.86 Moderately toxic 40531304 Supplemental



## Freshwater Invertebrates
Water fleas, Daphnia maga (MRID 00132444) , were exposed to isoxaben at mean

meausured concentrations of 0 (control) and 1.3 mg ai/L. No effects were seen in either the control or treatment groups. Therefore the 48

-h EC 50 

## and NOAEC were >1.3 mg ai/L and 1.3 mg ai/L, respectivel y ( Table 1 4 ) . I soxaben is classified a s moderately toxic

- to xic to estuarine/marine fish at the limit of its water solubility

. Table 1 4 . Freshwater invertebrate acute toxicity for technical grade isoxaben

. Species 96

- hour

LC 50 

### mg ai/L Toxicity Category MRID No. Study Classification

Waterflea (Daphnia magna) >1.3 Moderately toxic 00132444 Supplemental *at the limit of solubility


## Estuarine/marine Quahog clam larvae (

Mercenaria mercenaria ; MRID 40531302 ) were exposed to isoxaben at for 48

-h under static conditions. Larvae were exposed to mean

- measured concentrations of <0.02 (<LOQ; negative control) and 0.96 mg ai/L . The 48

-hr EC 50 

## was >0.96 mg ai/L ( Table 1 5 ) . The NOAEC was <0.96 mg ai/L , based on a 40% reduction in normally developed l arvae. The only observed toxic effect was an inhibition of normal larval development . It is not clear from the study how ‘normal larvae’ is differentiated from ‘abnormal larvae’ . Isoxaben is classified as moderately toxic to this species ; however, the 4 0% effect on larval developmental is discussed further in the Risk Description.

. Grass shrimp (

Palaemonetes pugio ; MRID 40531303) demonstrated no effect from exposure to a measured concentration of 1 mg ai/L of isoxoaben. Is oxaben is classified as moderatel y toxic to this species at the limit of its water solubility

## 27



## Table 1 5 . Estuarine/marine invertebrate acute toxicity for technical grade isoxaben

.

Species 96

- hour LC 50



### mg ai/L Toxicity Category MRID No. Study Classification Quahog clam (Mercenaria m ercenaria) >0.96 Moderately toxic 40531302 Supplemental Grass shrimp ( Palaemonetes pugio

) >1.0 Moderately toxic 40531303 Supplemental



## ii

. Effects from Chronic Exposure Aquatic vertebrates

A 66

- day e arly

- life stage study

of the effect of chronic exposure of isoxaben to rainbow trout (MRID 00137847 ) was conducted under flow

- through conditions. F ertilized eggs/embryos (100/level, early

- eyed stage) of rainbow trout were exposed to mean
-measured concentrations of <0.002 (<LOD, controls), 0.024, 0.048, 0.093, 0.19, and 0.42 mgai/L, respectively

. N o treatment

-related effects were observed on any measured parameter during the study

. The 66

- day NOAEC and LOAEC were 0.42 and >0.42 mg ai./L, respectivel y ( Table 1 6 )

. A 33

- day e arl y- life stage study

o f i soxaben with fathead minnow s ( Pimephales promelas ; MRID 00137848 ) was conducted under flow

- through conditions. F ertilized eggs/embryos (100/level, <48 hours old) of fathead minnow were exposed to mean

-measured concentrations of <0.002 (<LOD, controls), 0. 025, 0.048, 0.095, 0.18, and 0.40 mgai/L, respectively

. N o treatment

-related effects were observed on any measured parameter during the study

. The 33

- day NOAEC and LOAEC values were 0.40 and >0.40 mg ai/L, respectively

. Table 1 6 . Early life

- stage to xicity of technical grade isoxaben to freshwater fish. Species NOAEC

mg ai/L LOAEC

mg ai/L Endpoints Affected MRID No. Study

Classification Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) 0.42 >0.42 None 00137847 Supplemental

Fathead minnow (Pimphales promelas) 0.40 >0.40 None 00137848 Supplemental


## No chronic toxicity

data were submitted for estuarine/marine fish. However, given the reported effect on estuarine/marine invertebrates in the acute exposure study, these data are needed for risk assessment purposes

. Aquatic Invertebrates

In a 21

- day

static renewal life

- cycle study, first instar daphnids (MRID 00137845) were exposed to isoxaben at mean

-measured concentrations of 0 (control), 0.13, 0.69 and 1.01 mg ai/L . No effects were observed in the control, 0.1 3 or 0.69 mg ai/Ltreatment groups ( Table 1 7 ) , but 13% of the daphnids were immobilized in the highest treatment group . Additionally,

## 28



## statistically

significant effects were reported for growth and reproduction (brood size ) at the highest treatment concentration. The NOAEC and LOAEC for the study are 0.69 mg ai/L and 1.01 mg ai/L, respectively, based on impaired growth and reproduction

. Table 1 7 . Freshwater invertebrate full life

- cycle toxicity for technical grade isoxaben

. Species NOAEC

mg ai/L LOAEC

mg ai/L Endpoints Affected MRID No. Study Classification

Waterflea (Daphnia magna) 0.69 1.01 None 00137845 Supplemental



## No chronic toxicity

data were submitted for estuarine/marine invertebrates. However, given the effects observed on larval development in the acute Quahog clam study suggest these data are necessary for risk assessment

.

b. Aquatic Plants Three studies assessing the effect of isoxaben on the aquatic vascular plant duckweed, Lemna gibba , are available ( Table 1 8 ). In a 14

- day toxi city study, the freshwater floating aquatic vascular plant duckweed (MRID 47428401) was exposed to i soxaben (technical grade active ingredient; TGAI) at mean
-measured concentrations of <0. 5 (<LOQ, control) , 5.8, 13, 24, 46, and 93 μ g ai/L

. A NOAEC was not defined in the study

. The EC 05 

## and EC 50 

## values for decreased biomass, the most sensitive endpoint, were 2.9 and 13 g ai/L , respectively . Inhibition in biomass in the treatment groups ranged from 13 to 96%.

In a 7

- day

acute toxicity

study, duckweed (MRID 47428402) was exposed to i soxaben TGAI at mean
-measured concentrations of <0.50 (<LOQ, control), 3.1, 6.0, 12.3, 23.6, and 45.9 g ai/L . The 7

- day

NOAEC and EC 50 

## values for biomass inhibition , the most sensitive endpoint, were 6.0 and 10 g ai/L , respectivel y. The inhibition in biomass in the treatment groups ranged from

- 1 to 95%.

In a 14

- day

acute toxicity study

(MRID 47428406), duckweed was exposed to I soxaben® 

## 500 SC ( formulation) at mean

-measured concentrations of <0.5 (<LOD, control), 5.1, 10.1, 20.3, 38.5, 84.2 and 172.1 g ai/L . The 14

- day NOAEC and EC 50 

## values for biomass inhibition , the most sensitive endpoint, were 10

. 1 and 15 g ai/L , respectivel y. A hormetic (low

- dose stimulatory) effect of 18% increased biomass was seen at the lowest test concentration. In the remaining treatment groups, percent inhibition in biomass ranged from 6 to 95%. Studies of nonvascular plants are also required and ty picall y involve microalgae. A supplemental 14

- day static study reports a NOAEC of 1. 4 mg ai/L for the green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (formerl y Selenastrum capricornutum )

. The study is from 1984 , before microalgae studies were routinely submitted to the Agency; raw data were not included and the study is not consistent with Agency guidelines

. A complete suite of the four aquatic nonvascular plant studies has been requested in the Registration Review process.

## 29



## Table 1 8 . Toxicity of technical grade isoxaben to aquatic plant species.

Species/ (duration) % ai EC 50 

### g ai/L NOAEC

g ai/L MRID Study Classification

Duckweed (

Lemna gibba ) (14 days) Technical 13 2.9 47428401 Supplemental
Duckweed (

Lemna gibba ) (7 days) Technical 10 6 47428402 Supplemental
Duckweed (

Lemna gibba ) (14 days) Form ulationl 15 10.1 47428406 Supplemental
Green algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata ) Technical >1400 * 1400 * 00153111 Supplemental *Supplemental data not used in Risk Estimation


## 2. Terrestrial Effects Characterization The registrant has submitted a battery of studies that examine the toxicity of isoxaben to representative terrestrial organisms that stand as surrogates for animals and plants at risk of exposure. Effects of acute and chronic exposure were evaluated for mammals; data are also available for birds which serve as a surrogate for terrestrial

-phase amphibians and reptiles. Data on the effects of isoxaben on terrestrial invertebrates are available with studies of the honey bee ( Apis mellifera ). The toxicity of isoxaben to terrestrial plants was evaluated using representative
monocotyledonous (monocots) and dicotyl edonous (docots) plants

. a. Terrestrial Animals

i

. Effects from Acute Exposure

Birds

The acute oral toxicity

o f i soxaben to 20

-wk

- old bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus ; MRID 00132146 ) was assessed over 1 4 days. Isoxaben was administered by o ral gavage at nominal doses of 0 (vehicle control), 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg. The 14

- day acute oral LD 50 

## was >2000 mg/kg

-bw ( Table 19 )

. Since no effects were observed in any o f the treatment levels, the 14

- day N OAEL, based on a lack of treatment

-related effects, was 2000 mg/kg

-bw. Isoxaben is classified as practicall y non
- toxic to bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus ) on an acute oral exposure basis.

Table 19 . Avian acute oral toxicity for technical grade isoxaben

.

Species LD 50 

### (mg ai/kg bw) Toxicity

Category MRID Study Classification

## Page 30 of 146 Species LD 50 

### (mg ai/kg bw) Toxicity

Category MRID Study Classification
Northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) >2000 Practically
non
-toxic 00132146 Acceptable



## The sub acute dietary

toxicity o f i soxaben to 12

- d old bobwhite quails ( Colinus virginianus ; MRID 00132142 ) was assessed over 8 days (5 days with treated feed and 3 days with basal diet). I soxaben was administered to the birds in the ir diet at measured concentrations of 0 (negative control), 56, 180, 480, 1500, and 4500 mg ai/kg diet. The 8

- day sub cute dietary LC 50 

## was >4500 mg ai/kg diet ( Table 2 0 )

. The NOAEC , based on a lack of treatment

-related effects , was 4500 mgai/kg

- diet. Isoxaben is considered to be practicall y nontoxic to bobwhite quail on an sub acute dietary exposure basis

. The sub acute dietary

toxicity of i soxaben to 10

- d

- old mallard d ucks ( Anas platyrhynchos ; MRID 00132143 ) was assessed over 8 days. Measured concentrations were 0 (negative control), 63, 190, 540, 1600, and 4800 mg ai/kg diet. The 8

- day sub acute dietary L C 50 

## was >4800 mg ai/kg diet. The NOAEC , based on a lack of treatment

-related effects , was 4800 mg ai/kg diet. Isoxaben is considered to be practically nontoxic to mallard d

ucks on an sub acute dietary exposure basis

Table 2 0 . Avian subacute dietary toxicity for technical grade isoxaben

.

Species LC 50 

### (mg ai/kg diet) Toxicity

Category MRID Study Classification
Northern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) >4500 Practically
non
-toxic 00132142 Acceptable

Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) >4800 Practically
non
-toxic 00132143 Acceptable



## Mammals Rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) are typicall y used as surrogates for all mammals, and the data
are ty picall y reviewed b y the Health Effects Division (HED). The following paragraph is taken directly from the HED ‘ Toxicology Chapter of the New Chemical Registration of Isoxaben ’ ( 125851_121587_TX006559_R023250 .tif).

‘ Sufficient data are available to show that Technical Isoxaben is not lethal to laboratory animals when taken by the oral touts (MRID MJ031, MJ032). All test rats (10/sex) survived a 14 day study in which Technical Isoxaben was administered orally by gavage at a dose of 10,000 mg/kg in approximately 34 mi/kg dosage volume (category IV). In a study with mice (10/sex), all animals survived to 14 days after a dose of 10,000 mg/kg (category XV). ’

Therefore the LD 50 

## used in this assessment is >10,000 mg ai/kg

-bw ( Table 2 1 ) and is classified as practicall y nontoxic to mammals on an acute oral exposure basis

. Table 2 1 . Acute oral mammalian toxicity for isoxaben

.

## Page 31 of 146

Species LD 50 

### Toxicity Category Affected

Endpoints MRID No. Classification

Wistar rat Rattus rattus >10000 mg

ai/kg

-bw practically non

toxic none MJ031, MJ032 Acceptable



## Terrestrial Invertebrates
Honey bees ( Apis mellifera ) were exposed via contact to doses of isoxaben technical at 0 (control), 33.9, 67.4 and 101.7 μg ai/be e (MRID 0015311). N o mortality o r other sub effects were reporte d at any of the dose s tested . The LD 50 

## for isoxaben is >101.7 μg ai/bee and isoxaben is classifi ed as practically nontoxic to honey

bees on an acute contact exposure basis

. ii . Chronic Effects

Birds

The one

- generation reproductive toxicity study of isoxaben to 20 pairs per level of 17

- week old northern bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus ; MRID 00153110)

-was assessed over 24 weeks. Isoxaben was administered to the birds in the diet at mean
-measured concentrations of <LOD (control), 105, 313, and 1073 mg ai/kg

- diet, respectivel y. No treatment

-related effects were observed on any adult or o ffspring parameter at any treatment level. Therefore the NOAEC and LOAEC for the study are 1073 and >1073 mgai/kg

- diet, respectively ( Table 2 2 ).

The one

- generation chroni c toxicity of isoxaben to 12 pairs per level of 20

-week old mallard duck (

Anas p latyrhynchos ; MRID 00153109 ) was assessed over 23 weeks. Isoxaben was administered to the birds in the ir diet at mean

- measured concentrations of <LOD (control), 100, 298, and 946 mg ai/kg

- diet, respectively

. The study is classified as ‘Supplemental’, bec ause it provides insight into the potential for effects of chronic exposure of isoxaben to avian species, but the study

is insufficient to provide a definitive endpoint. There was a significant reduction in the proportion of eggs hatched to live 3

-wk old embryos , indicating reproductive e ffects at least as low as 298 mg ai/kg diet. There was a high percentage of cracked eggs in the control (11%), nearl y double the high

- end normal value (6%) as stated in the OPPTS 850.2300 harmonized guideline 4 

## ; the elevated number of cracked eggs in the control raises uncertainty regarding the conditions under which the study was conducted. Furthermore, the number of eggs laid per hen was higher than expected (59 vs 38) , and the mean percentage of viable embryos per eggs set was very low in the control (71% vs 85

- 98%). There was also an apparent effect on hatchling survival per egg set and the number of hatchlings per pen, but high control variability did not allow for statistical detection. Additionally, data for two important growth endpoints, hatchling weight and 14

- d survivor weight were not provided. While these problems are not enough to invalidate the study, a definitive endpoint could not be determined

.

4 

### USEPA 1996. Ecological Effects Test Guideline 850.2300 Avian Reproduction Test. http://www.epa.gov/opptsfrs/publications/OPPTS_Harmonized/850_Ecological_Effects_Test_Guidelines/Drafts/85 0

- 2300.pdf

## Page 32 of 146

Table 2 2 . Avian reproduction chronic toxicity for technical grade isoxaben

. Species % a.e. NO AEC (mg ai/kg diet) LO AEC

(mg ai/kg - diet) MRID Study Classification
Northern bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus) 94.5 Technical 1073 > 1073 00153110 Supplemental

Mallard duck ( Anas platyrhynchos) 94.5 Technical Not established 100 00153 109 Supplemental



## Mammals Rats ( Rattus norvegicus ) are typicall y used as surrogates for all mammals, and the data
are ty picall y reviewed b y HED. The following paragraph is taken directly from the HED

‘ Toxicology Chapter of the New Chemical Registration of Isoxaben ’ ( 125851_121587_TX006559_R023250 .tif). Itis worth noting that HED considered isoxaben to be a Class ‘C’ carcinogen.

‘ Rats (25/sex/dose) were administered 0, 500, 2500, or 12500 ppm (0, 25, 125, or 625 mg/kg/day) Technical Isoxaben in the diet in a three generation reproduction study (MRID MJ019, core grade minimum). Parental female toxicity was demonstrated in lowered mean bodyweight, lowered mean bodyweight gain, and lowered food efficiency during growth, gestation and lactation at 2500 ppm and 12500 ppm. Parental male toxicity was found in lowered mean bodyweight during the growth phases. Both parental males and females showed increased mean relative liver weight at 12500 ppm and females only at 4500 ppm. (NOEL= 500 ppm). Reproductive toxicity was demonstrated at 12500 ppm in significantly (p<0.05) decreased numbers of viable pups born and depression in mean body weight of progeny on postpartum day 21 (NOEL = 2500 ppm). ’

Therefore the NOAEL used in this assessment is 25 mg ai/kg

-bw/day ( Table 2 3 )

Table 2 3

. Chronic toxicity of isoxaben to mammals. Species % a.e. NOAEL (mg ai/kg - bw) LOAEL

(mg ai/kg - bw) MRID Study Classification

Wistar rat (Rattus norvegic us) 94.5

Technical 25 125 MJ019 Supplemental



## b. Terrestrial Plants

Seedling emergence testing (MRID 4 7428404 ) indicate moncot grass species (Famil y: Poaceae) tested were unaffected at treatment rates equivalent to an application rate of 0. 888 lbs ai/A, the highest rate tested. However, onl y three monocot species were tested. C orn (Zea mays ) , a required test species, was not included in the study

. Onion ( Allium cepa ) , which ty picall y represents non

- graminoid monocot species such as lilies and orchids, was also not included

. Among broadleaf plant s (dicots) , cucumber ( Cucumis sativus ) was unaffected at the highest rate tested, while fresh weight was affected in pea ( Pisum sativum ) and sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris ) . Emergence was the most sensitive endpoint for carrot ( Daucus carota ) , lettuce ( Lactuca sativa ) , oil seed rape ( Brassica napus ) , and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum ) . Lettuce

## Page 33 of 146

was the most sensitive dicot (EC 25 

## = 0.00 95 lbs ai/A); a NOAEC was not established in the study, but the lettuce EC 05 

## (0.0014 lbs ai/A) is used in lieu of a NOAEC.
Vegetative vigor testing (MRID 4748405 ) indicated that all species tested except wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) and tomato were at least somewhat sensitive to isoxaben. Among monocots, ryegrass ( Lolium perenne) was particularl y sensitive to isoxaben and was the mo st sensitive species tested (EC 25 

## = 0. 0 14 lbs ai/A; NOAEC 0.0034 lbs ai/A. As with the seedling emergence study, onl y three monocot species were tested. Corn, a required test species, was not included in the study . Onion, which ty picall y represents non

- graminoid monocot species such as lilies and orchids, was also not included. Among broadleaf plants, cucumber was the most sensitive species, with an EC 25 

## of 0.0 89 lbs ai/A, and the NOAEC was 0.028 lbs ai/A. Table 2 4 provide s the most sensitive endpoints from all plant species tested.

Table 2 4 . The most sensitive terrestrial plant endpoints (lbs ai/A) in the studies submitted for isoxaben

.
Species Seedling emergernce Vegetative vigor

Endpoint NOAEC EC 25 

### Endpoint NOEC EC 25 

### Oat None 0.888 >0.888 Fresh weight 0.0069 >0.888 Ryegrass None 0.888 >0.888 Fresh weight 0.0034 0.014 Wheat None 0.888 >0.888 None 0.888 >0.888 Oilseed rape Emergence 0.020* 0.028 Survival 0.444 <0.888 Pea Fresh weight 0.056 0.29 Fresh weight 0.056 >0.056 Cucumber None 0.888 >0. 888 Fresh weight 0.028 0.089 Carrot Emergence 0.0138 0.043 Fresh weight 0.0034 0.888 Lettuce Emergence 0.0014* 0.0095 Fresh weight 0.056 >0.888 Tomato Emergence 0.0067 0.016 Fresh weight 0.888 >0.888 Sugarbeet Fresh weight 0.056 0.073 None 0.444 0.73

*



### - EC 05 

### is used when calculated EC 25 

### is less than derived NOAEC. 

## 3. Ecological Incidents Both the Agency ’s Ecological Incident Information System (EIIS) and the Avian Incident Monitoring System (AIMS; 5 

## ) were checked for incidents involving isoxaben. No incidents involving animals were reported in either database as of 5/11/2010.

Five incidents involving plants are reported for isoxaben in EIIS ( Table 2 5 ). Four of the incidents have a certainty index of ‘Possible’ and one as ‘Unlikel y’ to involve the u se of isoxaben. The ‘Possible’ incidents span 1994 to 2003 and involved ornamental and tree farm applications. The reported numbers of affected plants range from 298,346 to 676,00 0 , and included woody plants. All incidents report the application rate as 1.0 lbs ai/A.

5 

### American Bird Conservancy. Avian Incident Monitoring System http://www.abcbirds.org/abcprograms/policy/pesticides/aims/aims/index.cfm Accessed May 2010.

## Page 34 of 146

Table 2 5

. Summary of incident information reported to the Agency as of 05/10/2010.
Incident ID Use Site Legality Certainty State County Year Total No. Total

Area

I014702

- 017 Ornamental,

woody Registered

use Possible CA Santa Cruz 2003 3 5000 NR*

I013636

- 027 Ornamental Registered
use Possible OR Washington 2002 NR 6 acres

I001485

- 001 Tree

farm/plantation Undetermi

ned Possible NR NR 1994 676000 NR

I010414

- 002 Ornamental Registered Use Possible CA Santa Cruz 2000 627405 6.5
acres

I006865

- 001 Nursery Registered Use Unlikely OR Multnomah NR 298346 NR *Not reported


## IV. Risk Characterization

A. Risk Estimation The risk quotient (RQ) approach , comparing the ratio of estimated exposure concentrations (EECs) to toxicity endpoints with predetermined levels of concern (LOC), is used in this assessment to estimate potential risk

. If the RQs exceed the LOCs, the Agency presumes potential for risk to the taxa. These LOCs ( Table 2 6 ) are the Agency ’s interpretive policy and are used to determine the need to consider regulatory action by indicating whether a pesticide, used as directed on the label, has the potential to cause adverse effects on non

- target organisms. Although risk is often defined as the likelihood and magnitude of adverse ecolo gical effect, the risk quotient

-based approach does not provide a quantitative estimate of likelihood and/or magnitude of an adverse effect.

Table 2 6 . Levels of concern (LOCs) for various taxa. Risk Presumption RQ LOC 

## Birds Ac ute Risk to Non

- listed S pecies EEC/LC 50 

### or LD 50

### /sqft or LD 50

### /day 0.5 Ac ute Restricted Use EEC/LC 50 

### or LD 50

### /sqft or LD 50

### /day (or LD 50 

### < 50 mg/kg) 0.2 Ac ute Risk to Endangered Species EEC/LC 50 

### or LD 50

### /sqft or LD 50

### /day 0.1 Chronic Risk EEC/NOAEC 1 

## Wild Mammals Ac ute Risk to Non

- listed Species EEC/LC 50 

### or LD 50

### /sqft or LD 50

### /day 0.5 Ac ute Restricted Use EEC/LC 50 

### or LD 50

### /sqft or LD 50

### /day (or LD 50 

### < 50 mg/kg) 0.2 Ac ute Risk to Endangered Species EEC/LC 50 

### or LD 50

### /sqft or LD 50

### /day 0.1 Chronic Risk EEC/NOAEC 1 

## Aquatic Animal

s Ac ute Risk to Non

- listed Species EEC/LC 50 

### or EC 50 

### 0.5 Ac ute Restricted Use EEC/LC 50 

### or EC 50 

### 0.1 Ac ute Risk to Endangered Species EEC/LC 50 

### or EC 50 

### 0.05

## Page 35 of 146 Risk Presumption RQ LOC Chronic Risk EEC/NOAEC 1



## Terrestrial and Semi

- Aquatic Plants Ac ute Risk to Non

- listed Specie s EEC/EC 25 

### 1 Ac ute Risk to Endangered Species EEC/NOAEC or EC 05 

### 1 

## Aquatic Plants Ac ute Risk to Non

- listed Species EEC/EC 50 

### 1 Ac ute Risk to Endangered Species EEC/NOAEC or EC 05 

### 1


## Aquatic

Isoxaben is soluble in water to 1.0 mg ai/L , and the measured soncentrations in the aquatic studies were at this reported limit of solubility . The studies were conducted in the 1980s and did not attempt to increase the solubility by use of a co solvent, as recommend in current protocols. As previousl y mentioned , the reported nominal concentrations for most of the studies was 100 mg ai/L , however no precipitate was reported. All aquatic studies are considered supplemental.

Acute Fish

Because the LC 50 

## for fish is non

- definitive ( i.e. LC 50 

## > 0.86 mg ai/L), RQs are not presented. The EEC/LC 50 

## ratio calculated with the highest concentration tested for reference purposes (0. 0 3 ) would not exceed the LOC for risk of acute mortality to listed species. Freshwater fish serve as surrogates for aquatic

-phase amphibians

. Since no mortality or sublethal effects were reported in the any of the freshwater or estuarine/marine fish studies , risk is considered low for these taxa

. Chronic Fish

No effect s to freshwater fish from chronic exposure to isoxaben were reported up to the maximum concentration tested for fathead minnows, i.e. NOAEC=400 μg ai/L . The maximum 60

- day TTR EEC is 21.1 μg ai/L and the resulting RQ is 0.05

. The chronic RQ for freshwater fish of 0.0 5 is two orders of magnitude below the chronic risk LOC of 1 .0

. There are no chronic toxicity data available for estuarine/marine fish, so RQs cannot be calculated. However, based on the available freshwater fish data, no chronic effects to estuarine/marine fish are expected.

Acute Invertebrates

Because the most sensitive acute LC 50 

## or EC 50 

## for across the aquatic invertebrates (freshwater and estuarine/marine) is non

- definitive ( i.e. Quahog clamEC 50 

## > 960 μ g ai/L), individual RQs are not presented. The RQ calculated with the highest peak TTR EEC of 24.5 μg ai/L and the non

- definitive toxicity estimate for the clam is < 0.03 and would not exceed the LOC (0.05) for acute riskto listed species. While no sublethal effects were seen daphnids or grass shrimp, 40% abnormal larvae were reported in the clam study

.

## Page 36 of 146

C hronic Invertebrates

Based on the maximum 21

- day TTR EEC of 22.7 μg ai/L and a 21

- day life cycle test with the cladoceran Daphnia magna NOAEC of 690 μg ai/L , the highest chronic RQ value is 0.03. The highest chronic RQ (0.03) for freshwater invertebrates from the proposed uses does not exceed the chronic risk LOC (1.0). No effects were reported in the daphnid life

- cycle study. No data for chronic exposure to estuarine/marine species are available . Given the developmental effects observed in the acute Quahog clam study, there is uncertainty regarding the potential chronic effects of isoxaben on estuarine/marine invertebrates. As such, risk to estuarine/marine invertebrates cannot be precluded.

Plants Frank effects on duckweed biomass were reported in all three studies available. Effects were roughly

equivalent at both 7

- and 14

- days and for both formulated product and TGAI. The RQ s ( Table 2 7) based on the most sensitive of the available endpoints exceeds b oth the listed and nonlisted LOCs for the proposed uses.

Table 2 7 . RQs for aquatic vascular plants from the proposed uses of isoxaben.

Proposed Use Maximum TTR EEC 

## μg ai/L Nonlisted Species RQ EC 50 

### = 10 

## μg ai/L Listed Species RQ EC 05

### =6 

## μg ai/L Grapes 14.2 1.4 2.4 Bearing nut trees 22.2 2.2 3.7 

## Appropriate endpoints for aquatic nonvascular plants are not available for this assessment; therefore risk cannot be quantitatively assessed and is presumed for these taxa.

Terrestrial Animals

Birds

Potential risks to birds are evaluated below. Risk estimates for birds are also used as surrogates for reptiles and terrestrial

-phase amphibians.

Acute No acute toxic effects were observed in either acute oral or subacute dietary studies with either mallard ducks or bobwhite quail. The acute and subacute endpoints for avian species are non
- definitive ( i.e. > highest limit dose and dietary concentration tested), therefore RQs are not presented. Although ‘ RQs ’ calculated with the highest dose tested in the acute oral study (2000 mg ai/kg

- diet) would ex ceed the acute risk LOC (0.1) for listed species foraging on short grass and broadleaf plants/small insects the absence of any sign of toxicity

among the birds tested makes the likelihood of actual risk low.

## Page 37 of 146

Chronic
Because a NOAEC is not available for b irds, potential risk cannot be precluded. For the proposed new use s , a reference RQ calculated with the mallard chronic LOAEC ( 100 mg ai/kg

diet; Table 2 8 ) exceed s the chronic risk LOC (1.0) for birds by more than two

- fold for species foraging on short grass. Avian RQs are surrogates for terrestrial

-phase amphibians and reptiles.

Table 2 8 . Upper Bound Chronic Avian Dietary Based Risk Quotients

NOAEC (ppm) EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants/ Sm all Insects Fruits/Pods/ Seeds/ Large In sects EEC (ppm) RQ EEC

(ppm) RQ EEC

(ppm) RQ EEC (ppm) RQ

100 240 >2.40 * 

### 110 > 1.10 * 

### 135 > 1.35 * 

### 15 > 0.15

* 

### bold indicates RQ exceeds chronic risk LOC (RQ ≥1.0)


## Mammals

Acute Although the acute oral LD 50 

## for rats is nondefinitive and exceeds 10,000 mg ai/kg

-bw , no mortality

was observed in any

of the treated animals; therefore RQs are not presented. Since isoxaben is considered practicall y nontoxic to mammals on an acute oral exposure basis and no sublethal effects were reported, risk is considered low.
Chronic For the proposed new use s of isoxaben , dose

-based chronic RQs exceed the chronic risk LOC of 1.0 ( Table 29 ) for all size classes of mammals foraging on short grass, tall grass and broadleaf plant/small insects except large (1000 g) mammals foraging on tall grass

. The RQ for small mammals (15 g) foraging on short grass exceeds the LOC by more than four

- fold. All chronic dietary

– based RQs are below the chronic risk LOC ( Table 3 0 )

.

a 

### bold indicates RQ exceeds chronic risk LOC (RQ ≥1.0) 

### Table 29 . Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mammalian Dose

- Based Risk Quotients . EEC in ppm.

Size Class (grams) Adjusted

NOAEL EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants/ Sm all Insects Fruits/Pods/

Seeds/ Large Insects Granivore

EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ 15 54.95 228.82 4.16 a 

### 104.88 1.91 128. 71 2.34 14.30 0.26 3.18 0.06 35 44.46 158.15 3.56 72.48 1.63 88.96 2.00 9.88 0.22 2.20 0.05 1000 19.23 36.67 1.91 16.81 0.87 20.63 1.07 2.29 0.12 0.51 0.03

## Page 38 of 146

Table 30 . Upper Bound Kenaga, Chronic Mam malian Dietary Based Risk Quotients . EEC in ppm.

NOAEC (ppm) EECs and RQs

Short Grass Tall Grass Broadleaf Plants/ Sm all Insects Fruits/Pods/ Seeds/ Large Insects EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ EEC RQ 500 240.00 0.48 110.00 0.22 135.00 0.27 15.00 0.03 Size c lass not used for dietary risk quotients


## Terrestrial Plants The most sensitive monocot and dicot in the vegetative vigor and seedling emergence studies are used to derive the RQs in TerrPlant. Inthe seedling emergence study, no monocots were affected; however, only three species were included in the study, and they were all grasses. The most sensitive dicot was lettuce (EC 25 

## = 0.0095 lbs ai/A)

. Rye grass is the most sensitive monocot in the vegetative vigor study (EC 25 

## = 0.014 lbs ai/A) and pea is the most sensitive dicot , with an EC 25 

## >0.056 lbs ai/A (NOAEC = 0.056 lbs ai/A)

. At the maximum seasonal application rate, RQs for both listed and non

- listed di cots exceed the risk to terrestrial plant LOC for species exposed to runoff plus drift in ad jacent upland and wetlands as well as drift alone ( Table 3 1 )

. The LOC for nonlisted plants is exceeded by more than 11

- fold and exceeded for listed species by over 78

- fold. The RQ for listed monocots exceeds the risk to terrestrial plant LOC by nearl y 3

- fold.

Table 3 1 . Risk quotients for plants and endangered terrestrial plants for ground application of isoxaben at the maximum seasonal application rate ( 1 .0 lbs ai/A). 1



### Terrestrial Plant Group Ground Spray

Adjacent uplands Adjacent wetlands Drift Only

Monocots <0.1 0.12 0.71
Dicots 2.1 1 

### 1 2 2.9
Listed Monocots <0.1 0.12 1.0

Listed Dicots 14 7 9 7.1

1 Bold values denote an exceedance of the LOC 

### (RQ ≥1.0)

. 

## B. Risk Description

Isoxaben is characterized as a moderately persistent and mobile compound . Although primary routes of degradation include aqueous photolysis, aerobic aqueous metabolism and anaerobic aqueous metabolism , uncertainty regarding the potential toxicity of its residues increase s estimated environmental concentrations. Consistent with the risk hypothesis, potential direct risk to both plant and animal species is possible from the proposed uses of isoxaben. Since risk to both aquatic and terrestrial plants is indicated, indirect effects to other taxa may occur.

## Page 39 of 146

Since the screening

- level assessment uses few surrogate species to estimate risk to all aquatic and terrestrial organisms, it is possible that some species will be more sensitive than those tested. Although the label is not explicit, the proposed uses are thought to be ground spray, to avoid injury

to the proposed use s on bearing nut orchards and vineyards

. This assessment however, does not evaluate aerial applications

. If the proposed uses are intended to be applied aeriall y, the potential risk in this assessment will be under estimated. Risk in this document is calculated based on a single application of 1.0 lb ai/A, the total annual rate. The label allows for two applications at a lower rate, but additional modeling indicates that this scenario has no appreciable effect on the risk estimates. Since the acute aquatic studies reported endpoints greater than the highest dose tested, RQs were not presented in the Risk Estimation section. However, there is uncertainty in the assessment . The studies did not attempt to incre ase the solubility of isoxaben in water beyond the reported limit of solubility of 1.0 mg ai/L . However, EECs were modeled using a total toxic residue approach (TTR) because degradate toxicity is unknown. Therefore, EECs are thought to be conservative and as such are likel y to be protective f or aquatic species.

No adverse effects were reported in the either the acute or chronic toxicity studies of fish, therefore risk to fish is thought to be low. Although chronic exposure data are not available for estuarine/marine fish, the absence of effects in the available acute and chronic studies suggests effects are likely

to be minimal. Also, since isoxaben has limited solubility in freshwater, its solubility in salt water is likely

to be lower than that in fre shwater and as a result make it less likely of causing adverse effects. The sublethal effects reported in the acute exposure estuarine/marine clam study, i.e., 40% abnormal larvae at the highest dose tested , suggest that isoxaben may have an effect on
sen sitive aquatic invertebrates. Abnormal larvae were defined in the study as number of normal larvae minus total number of larvae. Although the clam is an estuarine/marine species, it may represent freshwater mollusc species more sensitive to isoxaben than daphnids. ‘RQs’ calculated with highest test concentration are <0.02 and are below the acute risk LOC for listed aquatic invertebrates. Because of these sublethal effects in the acute clam study and in the absence of estuarine/marine chronic toxicity data, the potential for chronic effects cannot be precluded for estuarine/marine invertebrates

. There is potential for the proposed uses of isoxaben to adversely affect aquatic vascular plant based on frank effects seen in the submitted studies. The RQ f or listed aquatic vascular species exceeds the LOC nearl y four

- fold for the bearing nut tree use, based on a relativel y conservative scenario. In less vulnerable areas, the LOC exceedance will be less, proportional to the lower EEC.

Isoxaben is classifi ed as practicall y nontoxic to birds on an acute oral exposure basis and no effects were reported at the highest dose tested. Given the absence of effects in the acute oral and subacute dietary

studies, acute and subacute risks to birds are considered to b e low.

The lack of a chronic NOAEC for avian species (mallards) means that potential risk from chronic exposure to birds is assumed. The RQ calculated with the LOAEC (100 mg ai/kg

- diet) from the mallard duck study exceeds the chronic risk LOC of 1.0 by more than two

- fold. No

## Page 40 of 146

effects were reported in the bobwhite quail reproduction study . There was a great deal of variability

in the mallard duck study ’s controls and the study was marginally

considered supplemental . Additionally, b oth studies lacked important growth endpoints.

While risk of mortality from acute exposure to isoxaben is expected to be low for mammals from the proposed uses of isoxaben, chronic risk is indicated. Although dietary

- based RQs do not exceed the chronic risk LOC of 1.0, dose
-based RQs exceed the LOC by over four

fold for small mammals foraging on short grass. The dose

-based calculation takes into account that different

- sized animals have to consume different amounts of food and that the food itself has differing nutritional value. Overall, small

- and medium

- sized mammals foraging on short grass, tall grass and broadleaf plants/small insects exceed the chronic risk LOC, as do large mammals foraging on short grass and broadleaf plants/small insects.

Given that risk from chronic exposure from the proposed uses of isoxaben is indicated for birds (and surrogates) and mammals, this route of exposure is a primary concern for these taxa. This assessment is based on a single application at the seasonal maximum application rate, but the label allows for up to two applications per season. Two applications of isoxaben at 0.5 lbs ai/A seven days apart does not appreciabl y change the risk estimates using the default foliar dissipation half

- life

. However, if the foliar dissipation half

- life was , hy

pothetically, found to be 3 days, two applications of 0.5 lbs ai/A would roughl y halve the chronic RQs. Reducing the application rate by

one half also reduces the RQs by one half , but there are still exceedances.

There is uncertainty with respect to the species chosen for testing and their relative sensitivity

compared to the range in potential sensitivities found in the ecosystem. Animal species selected for toxicity testing have generally been selected for their ease of husbandry in la boratory environments. Itis possible that exposed species will be more or less sensitive to isoxaben than wild ty

pe species. The predominant direction of this uncertainty is unknown. Although c onsidered a preemergent herbicide, isoxaben may injure plants in later stages of development as well. Although the seedling emergence RQs, derived from runoff plus drift, are much higher than those for drift alone, derived using the vegetative vigor endpoint, RQs for dicots and listed monocots exceed the risk to terrestrial plant LOC. While grasses do not appear to be affected b y isoxaben based on seedling emergence, some grasses appear to be susceptible to injury by isoxaben at later growth stages

. Although sublethal effects on growth are used to calculate RQs for nontarget plants, only ten crop species are used to estimate phy totoxicity to the entire terrestrial plant population, including trees, mosses, ferns, etc. It is uncertain how well the tested species represent the sensitivity

distribution of the terrestrial plant s as a whole that may come in contact with isoxaben . Additionally, since chronic and reproductive effects in particular are not evaluated at this time, the sublethal endpoints should be considered the best available indication of potentially
critical effects to individual plant species and plant communities. Runoff is a major factor in nontarget terrestrial plant exceedances based on TerrPlant. It is difficult to estimate how far from the application site adverse effects may occur. While RQs cannot be directly

used to estimate the magnitude or likelihood of effects, it is true that lower application rates result in lower EECs. However, given the LOC for listed dicots would be

## Page 41 of 146

exceeded more than 7 9

- fold at a single application of 1.0 lbs ai/A , even with a reduction in application rate the potential for nontarget plant effects would remain. It is also important to consider that modeled runoff is only compared to endpoints from the seedling emergence study . The method of pesticide application in the guideline studies allows for anal ys is of effects to seedlings from both spray drift and runoff, but the vegetative vigor studies can only

be anal yz ed for effects from spray drift. The potential for effects on older plants, such as those in the vegetative vigor study, from runoff through stem contact or root uptake remains an uncertainty and plant risk may

be underestimated in this assessment.

There is uncertainty with respect to the species chosen for testing and their relative sensitivity

compared to the range in potential plant sensitivities found in the ecos ys tem. Plants tested are crop plants, typically subjected to hundreds of ye ars of human selection. It is possible that crop species will be more or less sensitive to isoxaben than native wild ty pe species. The predominant direction of this uncertainty is unknown. The onl y monocots tested were grass species (Family : Poaceae), which are generall y not sensitive to isoxaben at the application rates tested. Ty

picall y, onion (Famil y: Liliac eae) is the tested species representing the other monocot families ( e.g. Orchidaceae, Smilacaceae). The lack of a second monocot family tested results in considerable uncertainty

about the potential risk to non

- grass species.

Effects to sensitive trees and other perennial species may occur that cannot be accounted for b y current modeling and phytotoxicity studies. Changes in plant community composition may occur due to differences in species sensitivity . Such changes could lead to local reductions in b iodiversity

and influence animal species through changes in available habitat and preferred food sources. The drift RQs in TerrPlant are based on estimated exposure roughl y 200 feet from the application site, and exceed the LOC b y over 7

- fold for listed nontarget plants. The AgDRIFT model was used to refine the potential effect of isoxaben drift to nontarget plants. Ground applications at the total annual application rate , 1.0 lbs ai/A, were modeled for all of the species in the seedling emergence and ve getative vigor studies ( Table 3 2 ). This table indicate s the distance from the edge of the application area where the RQ for that endpoint falls below the risk to terrestrial plant LOC s . For the most sensitive specie s, lettuce , effects on seedling emergence may be seen at out to 249 ft from the application area, and beyond 997 ft for listed species. For vegetative vigor, effects may be seen out to 174 ft from the application area, and out to 554 ft for listed species.

Table 3 2 Distance (feet) from the edge of field where the RQ falls below the risk to terrestrial plant LOC for seedling emergence endpoints for ground application, based on AgDRIFT EECs.

Plant Species Seedling Emergence Vegetative vigor

Listed Nonlisted Listed Nonlisted

Oat 3.3 <3.3 32 5 <3.3
Ryegrass 3.3 <3.3 554 174

## Page 42 of 146

Plant Species Seedling Emergence Vegetative vigor

Listed Nonlisted Listed Nonlisted

Wheat 3.3 <3.3 3.3 <3.3
Oilseed rape 125 92 6.6 >3.3

Pea 46 10 46 <46

Cucumber 3.3 <3.3 92 30

Carrot 177 49 554 <3.3

Lettuce >997 249 46 <3.3

Tomato 331 154 3.3 <3.3
Sugarbeet 46 36 6.6 3.3



## The distance estimate s are derived using EFED’s AgDRIFT default values, which include the use of a high

-boom (50 in height) ground application and ASABE droplet size spectrum ‘very fine to fine’. However, herbicides are often applied with larger droplets sizes and the propose d use sites, bearing nut orchards and vineyards, together with the use of isoxaben as a preemergent herbicide, suggest these may be highly conservative assumptions. AgDRIFT modeling was also conducted using low boom (20 in height) and ASAE droplet size sp ectrum ‘fine to medium/coarse’. Using these parameters, the longest distance to an exposure value equal to the vegetative vigor NOAEC is 144 ft and to the seedling emergence NOAEC is 430 ft . While this is still a considerable distance from the edge of the application area, it is appreciably less than the undefined >997 ft distance predicted using the default parameters. Adding addition uncertainty to the drift estimates is the assumption of the model of a bare ground fetch for the wind to traverse bef ore carrying the droplets out to the predicted distance. While this is an uncertainty regardless of the application of the model, the assumption is less likely to be true for many of the bearing nut orchards. Most of these orchards feature a fairly dense stand of trees with a relativel y closed canopy, which would presumably alter the flow of air across the application site. Therefore, even the estimate of 430 ft may be very conservative for many (but not all) of the proposed application sites. Large tre e orchards ( e.g. pecans) and vineyards are less likel y to have the degree of air flow interruption as the smaller tree orchards ( e.g. apples).

Because isoxaben is moderatel y persistant and moderatel y mobile, contamination of ground water used as irrigation was considered as a possible route of exposure to terrestrial plants. The highest estimated groundwater concentration value from SciGrow (14.5 ppb) applied in one inch of water on an acre of land corresponds to an application rate of 0.003 2 lbs ai/A,
roughl y one third of the most sensitive terrestrial plant endpoint, lettuce seedling emergence (Appendix A) . Therefore, this route of exposure is not expected to pose a significant risk to nontarget terrestrial plants. However, should this estimated ground water concentration result in exposure to aquatic plants via ground water recharge, the aquatic plants may be affected.

## Page 43 of 146

No incidents involving animals have been reported to the Agency's EIIS database , and no incidents involving birds are reported in the AIMS database. However, the absence of reported incidents should not be construed as the absence of incidents. Incident reports for non

- target organisms ty

picall y provide information only on mortality events and plant damage

. Sublethal effects in organisms such as abnormal behavior, reduced growth and/or impaired reproduction are rarel y reported, except for phy totoxic effects in terrestrial plants. EPA’s changes in the registrant reporting requirements for incidents in 1998 may account for lack of rep orted incidents. Registrants are now only required to submit detailed information on ‘major’ fish, wildlife, and plant incidents. Minor fish, wildlife, and plant incidents , as well as all other non

target incidents, are generally reported aggregately

and are not included in EII S. In addition, there have been changes in S tate monitoring efforts due to a lack of resources. However, the incident data discussed earlier suggest that , at least for plants, exposure pathways for isoxaben are complete and that exposure levels are sufficient to result in field

- observable effects. As required under FFDCA section 408(p), EPA has developed the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP) to determine whether certain substances (including pesticide active and other ingredients) may have an effect in humans or wildlife similar to an effect produced by a “naturally

occurring estrogen, or other such endocrine effects as the Administrator may designate.” The EDSP employs a two

- tiered approach to making the statutorily re quired determinations. Tier 1 consists of a battery of 11 screening assays to identify the potential of a chemical substance to interact with the estrogen, androgen, or thyroid (E, A, or T) hormonal systems. Chemicals that go through Tier 1 screening and are found to have the potential to interact with E, A, or T hormonal systems will proceed to the next stage of the EDSP where EPA will determine which, if any, of the Tier 2 tests are necessary based on the available data. Tier 2 testing is designed to identify any adverse endocrine related effects caused by the substance, and establish a dose

-response relationship between the dose and the E, A, or T effect. Between October 2009 and February 2010, EPA issued tes t orders/data call

- ins for the first group of 67 chemicals, which contains 58 pesticide active ingredients and 9 inert ingredients. This list of chemicals was selected based on the potential for human exposure through pathways such as food and water, residential activity, and certain post

- application agricultural scenarios. This list should not be construed as a list of known or likely endocrine disruptors.

Isoxaben is not among the group of 58 pesticide active ingredients on the initial list to be screened under the EDSP. Under FFDCA sec. 408(p) the Agency must screen all pesticide chemicals. Accordingl y, EPA anticipates issuing future EDSP test orders/data call

- ins for all pesticide active ingredients

. For further information on the status of the EDSP, the policies and procedures, the list of 67 chemicals, the test guidelines and the Tier 1 screening battery, please visit our website: http://www.epa.gov/endo/

. C. Uncertainties and Data Gaps The aerobic soil metabolism study upon which this assessment is based was conducted on four foreign soils. The study was classified as supplemental, as all of the soils were foreign and

## Page 44 of 146

it was unclear if they

were comparable to soils in the United States , adding to the uncertainty of how quickly

isoxaben degrades in an aerobic soil environment . A study conducted on soils from the United States would provide better clarity on the degradation of isoxaben and confirm the results obtain herein. However, using a TTR modeling approach and employing the 90 th 

## percentile of the upper confidence bound on the mean of the five TTR half

- life values reduces the level of uncertainty in the conservative nature of the EEC estimates.

Several studies were submitted to fulfill the adsorption/desorption data requirement. MRID 00164 645 was classified as not acceptable for a number of reasons, primarily because the leaching was not continuous and done in a timely manner, a complete material balance was not provided, and the soil samples were not anal yz ed for residues. MRID 00132124 was classified as unacceptable for a number for reasons, primarily because isoxaben and its transformation products were not identified after aging, prior to leaching, or after leaching. MRID 41106303 was reviewed in 1990 and classified as acceptable, provided the “toxicology branch determines that degradates other than 201469 (hydoxyisoxaben) are not of toxicological concern.” For the drinking water and ecological risk assessments, the degradates hydroxyi soxaben, dimethoxy

benzamide, methoxy

phenylpy rimidinol, and amino ethyl methyl (AEM) hexenoylisoxaben were not expected to be more toxic to humans than the parent compound, but data were not available to exclude them as residues of concern. As such, mobility data on isoxaben and its degradates of concern would provide better clarity on the mobility

of isoxaben and its degradates and confirm the results obtain herein. Alternativel y, toxicity data which preclude s the degradates hydroxyi soxaben, dimethoxy benzamide, methoxyphenylp yrimidinol, and AEM hexenoyliso xaben as residues of concern would eliminate the need for mobility data for the isoxaben degradates and a new mobility study

. The bioconcentration study for i soxaben residues accumulated in bluegill was classified as supplemental because isoxaben residues were incompletely characterized and residues in the whole fish tissue were not determined experimentally

. While the relativel y low Kow 

## and these bioconcentration factors in fish suggest that isoxaben is not expected to accumulate in aquatic or terrestrial food chains , an acceptable study would reduce uncertainty with regards to aquatic exposure effects

. There is also uncertainty associated with the ability of the aquatic exposure modeling to simulate aquatic exposures as well as in the selection of input parameters. In this regard, one of the potentially

important parameters that can impact concentration estimates is the selection of appropriate application dates. Although the pesticide application dates were selected to be most appropriate with considerations for application recommendations, model simulated cropping dates, and label restrictions, variability nevertheless results because the the time span that a pesticide may

likely be applied may

be large and the actual application dates are unknown. Such variability

is caused by

the temporal proximity

of a pesticide application to rain events. As with all model estimates, the values presented here should not be viewed as precise estimates.

V . Federally Threatened and Endangered (Listed) Species

The screening

- level risk assessment indicates that risk to birds and mammals from chronic exposure is possible from the proposed uses of isoxaben. Chronic risk to estuarine/marine invertebrates is presumed due to lack of data and sublethal effects in an acute study

. Risk to aquatic vascular and terrestrial plants is indicated

. Inaddition to listed plant specie s risk , the

## Page 45 of 146

Agency considers the LOC exceedances as indicative of a potential for secondary (indirect) adverse effects to those listed species that rely either on a specific plant species (plant species obligate) or multiple plant species (plant dependant) for some important aspect of their life cycle (indirect effects). Indirect effects may include general habitat modification, host plant loss, and food supply

disruption. Further anal ys is regarding the overlap of individual species with each use site is required prior to determining the likelihood of potential impact to listed species. Such a refinement is outlined in the following sections.

a. Action Area For listed species assessment purposes, the action area is considered to be the area affected directly

or indirectly

by the Federal action and not merel y the immediate area involved in the action. At the initial screening level, the risk ass essment considers broadly described taxonomic groups and so conservativel y assumes that listed species within those broad groups
are co
- located with the pesticide treatment area. This means that terrestrial plants and wildlife are assumed to be located on or adjacent to the treated site and aquatic organisms are assumed to be located in a surface water body adjacent to the treated site. The assessment also assumes that the listed species are located within an assumed area, which has the relatively highest potential exposure to the pesticide, and that exposures are likely to decrease with distance from the treatment area. If the assumptions associated with the screening

- level action area result in RQs that are below the listed species LOCs, a "no effect " determination conclusion could be made with respect to listed species in that taxa, and no further refinement of the action area is necessary

. Furthermore, RQs below the listed species LOCs for a given taxonomic group indicate no concern for indirect ef

fects upon listed species that depend upon the taxonomic group covered b y the RQ as a resource. However, in situations where the screening assumptions lead to RQs in excess of the listed species LOCs for a given taxonomic group, a "may affect" designation cannot be precluded and may be associated with direct effects on listed species belonging to that taxonomic group or may

extend to indirect effects upon listed species that depend upon that taxonomic group as a resource. In such cases, additional information on the biology of listed species, the locations of these species, and the locations of use sites need to be considered along with available information on the fate and transport properties of the pesticide to determine the extent to which screening as sumptions regarding an action area apply to a particular listed organism. These subsequent refinement steps could delineate how this information would impact the action area for a particular listed organism and may potentiall y include areas of exposure that are downwind and downstream of the pesticide use site.

## Page 46 of 146 b. Taxonomic Groups Potentially at Risk The RQs calculated based on the ratio of EECs to toxicity endpoints exceed the LOC in this case the chronic exposure endpoints for bird and mammals and the NOAEC values from aquatic and terrestrial plant toxicity studies . Should estimated exposure levels occur in proximity to listed resources, direct risk to listed birds, terrestrial

-phase amphibians, reptiles, mammals and plant species and indirect effects on animal species (aquatic and terrestrial; Table 3 4 ) are possible. Appendix C provides a count

-by

- state listing of species for each taxon that may be affected b y this action. This screening

- level assessment is based on the initial assumption that liste d species within the taxonomic groups of concern are actually present in areas for which the estimated exposure levels used for RQ calculation can be expected to occur. A specific determination for any RQ in excess of listed species LOCs cannot be made until a determination of the co

- occurrence of the listed species with the action area has been determined. This was not done for this assessment.

Table 3 3

. Potential Listed Species Risks Associated with Direct or Indirect Effects Due to the Proposed Appli cation of Isoxaben on Grapes and Bearing Nut Trees

.

Listed Taxon Direct Effects Indirect Effects

Terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants

- mo nocots Yes Yes 1



### Terrestrial and semi

- aquatic plants

- dicots Yes Yes 1



### Birds Yes Yes 1



### Terrestrial

-phase amphibians Y es Yes 1



### Terrestrial invertebrates Yes Yes 1



### Reptiles Yes Yes 1



### Mammals Yes Yes 1



### Aquatic vascular plants Yes Yes 1



### Aquatic nonvascular plants No Yes 1



### Freshwater fish No Yes 1



### Aquatic

-phase amphibians No Yes 1



### Freshwater invertebrates No Yes 1



### Mollusks No Yes 1

## Page 47 of 146 Listed Taxon Direct Effects Indirect Effects

Marine/estuarine fish No Yes 1



### Marine/estuarine crustaceans Yes Yes 1

1 

### Nonlisted LOC exceeded for terrestrial plants, therefore there is potential for adverse effects to those species that rely either on a specific plant species or multiple plant sp ecies. Plant indirect effects may include general habitat
mo dification, host plant loss, and food supply disruption.



## c. Indirect Effects Analysis Because terrestrial plant RQs are above risk to non

- endangered species LOCs, there is a potential for adverse effects to those listed species that are plant species obligates or plant dependant for some important aspect of their life cycle. The extent to that the new uses of isoxaben will indirectly

affect listed animal species will require identification o f listed species that co

- occur in areas of isoxaben use and an evaluation of critical habit as described below. Because of the potential extent of the use of isoxaben , EFED cannot preclude the possibility of a

‘ likely to adversel y affect’ designation for listed species based on this assessment.

d. Critical Habitat The screening

- level risk assessment has identified potential concerns for direct and indirect effects on listed species associated with action areas where isoxaben is used. In light of the potential for effects on listed species, the next step for EPA and the Services is to identify which listed species and critical habitat are potentially implicated. Anal ytically, the identification of such species and critical habitat can occur in either of two ways. First, the agencies could determine whether the action area overlaps critical habitat or the occupied range of each listed species. If so, EPA would examine the potential impact of the use of isoxaben on listed species and whether impacts on non
- endangered species would affect the listed species indirectly or directl y affect a constituent element of the critical habitat. Then EPA would determine whether use of the pesticide overlaps the critical habitat or the occupied range of those listed sp ecies. At present, the information reviewed by EPA does not permit use of either anal ytical approach to make a definitive identification of species that are potentially impacted indirectly or critical habitats that are potentiall y impacted directly b y the use of the pesticide. EPA and the Services will work together to conduct the necessary anal ys is.

e. Co

- occurrence Analysis The goal of the anal ys is for co

- location is to determine whether sites of pesticide use are geographically

associated with known locations of listed species. At the screening level, this anal ys is is accomplished using the Agency ’s LOCATES (v. 2.10.3) database. The database uses location information for listed species at the county level and compares it to agricultural census data for crop production at the same county level of resolution. The database contains Federallylisted species that are located within states known to produce the crop upon which the pesticide will be used. Because the screening

- level assessment considers b oth direct and indirect effects across generic taxonomic groupings, it is not possible to exclude any taxonomic group from a

## Page 48 of 146

LOCATES database query for a screening

- level risk assessment. Therefore, a ‘may affect’ designation cannot be precluded for listed animals based on this assessment.

VI . Literature Cited FEMVTA. 2001. FIFRA Environmental Model Validation Task Force, Final Report. Editors: Jones, R.L . and M.H. Russell. Available online at: http://femvtf.com/femvtf/index.htm

. Fletcher, J.S., J.E. Nellessen, T.G. Pfleeger. 1994. Literature review and evaluation of the EPA food

- chain (Kenaga) nomogram, an instrument for estimating pesticide residues on plants. Environ. Tox. Chem. 13:1383

- 1391.

Hoerger, F. and E.E. Kenaga. 1972. Pesticide residues on plants: Correlation of representative data as a basis for estimation of their magnitude in the environment. In F. Coulston and F. Korte, eds ., Environmental Quality and Safety: Chemistry, Toxicology, and Technology, Georg Thieme Publ, Stuttgart, West Germany, pp. 9

- 28. Support Document #14. Salihue, S., Hatzios, K.K., Derr, J.F. 1998. Comparative Uptake, Translocation, and Metabolism of Root

-Applied Isoxaben in Ajuga ( Ajuga reptans ) and Two Ornamental Euony mus Species. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology , 60:2 pp. 119

- 131 USEPA. 1998. Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment. Risk Assessment Forum, Office of Research and Development, Washington, D.C. EPA/630/R

- 95/002F. April 1998.

USEPA. 2004b. Overview of the Ecological Risk Assessment Process in the Office of Pesticide Programs. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticide and Toxic Substances, Office of Pesticide Programs. US EPA. 2006. Standard Soil Mobility Classification Guidance. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division. April 21, 2006.

USEPA . 200 9

. Guidance for Selecting Input Parameters in Modeling the Environmental Fate and Transport of Pesticides, Version 2.1 , October 22, 2009 . Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division. USEPA. 2010. Memorandum from George Kramer to I soxaben Risk Assessment Team. Isoxaben. Report of the Residues of Concern Knowledgebase Subcommittee (ROCKS)

. March 31, 2010.
Willis, G. H. and L ..L. McDowell, 1987. Pesticide Persistence on Foliage. in Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology . 100:23

- 73.

## Page 49 of 146

MRIDS

MRID 00250449 Mosier, J.W. and Saunders, D.G. 1983. Hydrolysis of EL

- 107 in buffer solution. A Chapter within: EL

- 1 07. Application for 2

-year EUP. Unpublished study conducted by Lilly Research Laboratories, Greenfield, Indiana. Sponsored and submitted by Elanco Products Company, A Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indi anapolis, Indiana. Report No.: I

-EWD

- 82

- 05. Final report issued June 9, 1983.

MRID 40059506 Rutherford, B. 1986. Physical and Chemical Characteristics of Technical Isoxaben. Laboratory Project ID BSR8506 . Unpublished study performed and submitted by Lilly Research Laboratories, Greenfield , IN. Final report issued October 2 2 , 19 8 6.

MRID 46393201 Sarff, P. and L.G. Heim. Anaerobic soil degradation of isoxaben. 2003. Unpublished study performed by ABC Laboratories, Inc., Columbia, MO; sponsored and submitte d by Dow AgroSciences LLC, Indianapolis, IN. ABC Study No.: 46880, Dow study No.: 010045 and Dow PTRNo.: 30258020

- 5562

- 1. Final report issued May 23, 2003.

MRID 46393202 Sarff, P. 2003. Aerobic transformation of isoxab en in aquatic sediment systems. Unpub lished study performed by ABC Laboratories, Inc., Columbia, MO and Dow AgroSciences LLC, Indianapolis, IN; sponsored and submitted by Dow AgroSciences LLC, Indianapolis, IN. ABC Study No.: 4688 1 , Dow AgroSciences Study No.: 0 10044 and Dow AgroSciences PTR No.: 30258020

- 5037

- 1. Final report issued May 23, 2003.

MRID 41106302 Rainey, D.P. 1989. 14 

## C Isoxaben anaerobic so il metabolism study. Laboratory Project ID ABC

- 0224. Unpublished study performed and submitted by Lilly Research Laboratories, Greenfield, I N. Final report issued May 4 , 1989

. MRID 41106303 Saunders, D.G. and F.L. Powers. 1989. So il adsorption and desorption of isoxaben and soil metabolite 201469. Laboratory Project ID AAC8851. Unpublished study performed and submitted by Lilly Research Laboratories, Greenfield, IN. Final report issued March 21 , 1989

. MRID 47140003 Cook, W.L., F.R. Batzer and J.L. Balcer. Photodegradation of isoxaben in aqueous buffer. Unpublished study performed, sponsored and submitted by DowEIanco, Indianapolis, Indiana . Study ID No.: ENV93 144. Final report issued March 25, 1996.

MRID 47140004 Huhtanen, K. and L. Heim. 2003. Aerobi c soil degradation of isoxaben. Unpublished study performed b ABC Laboratories, Inc., Columbia, Missouri; sponsored and submitted by Dow AgroScienc e s LLC, Indianapolis, Indiana. Lab Study ID.: 46879, Dow Study No. 010043. Final report issued May 12, 2003.

MRID 47428403 Saunders, D.G., and F.L. Powers. 1996. Iso xaben photodegradation on soil. Unpublished study performed, sponsored, and submitted by DowElanco, Indianapolis, Laboratory Study ID No.: ENV95011. Final report issued March 20, 1996

.

### 50



## MRID: 130273 Citation: Uniroyal Chemical (1983) Bee Adult Toxicity Dusting Test Summary. (Compilation; unpublished study received Jun 22, 1983 under 40 0

-EX

- 62; CDL:250574

-A)

MRID: 132140 Citation: Elanco Products Co. (1982) The Toxicity of EL

- 107 (Compound 121607) in Short

-term Exposure Studies with Representative Wildlife Species: ?Summary of Toxicity Data|. (Compilation; unpublished study received Jun 10, 1983 under 1471

-EX

- 85; CDL:250793

-F)

MRID: 132141 Citation: Kehr, C.; Lake, S.; Brannon, D.; et al. (1983) The Toxicity of EL

- 107 (Compound 121607) to Bobwhite in a 14

- day Acute Oral Study: Study A00682. (Unpublished study received Jun 10, 19 83 under 1471

-EX

- 85; submitted by Elanco Products Co., Div. of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN; CDL:250793

- G)

MRID: 132142 Citation: Kehr, C.; Lake, S.; Bronnon, D.; et al. (1983) The Toxicity of EL

- 107 (Compound 121607) to Bobwhite in a 5

- day Dietary Study: Study A01082. (Unpublished study received Jun 10, 1983 under 1471

-EX

- 85; submitted by Elanco Products Co., Div. of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN; CDL:250793

-H)

MRID: 132143 Citation: Kehr, C.; Lake, S.; Brannon, D.; et al. (1983) The Toxicity of EL

- 107 (Compound 121607) to Mallards in a 5

- day Dietary Study: Study A00882. (Unpublished study received Jun 10, 1983 under 1471

-EX

- 85; submitted by Elanco Products Co., Div. of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN; CDL:250793

- I)

MRID: 132 144 Citation: Francis, P.; Grothe, D.; Lake, S.; et al. (1983) The Acute Toxicity of EL

- 107 (Compound 121607) to ... in a Static Test System: Study C02182. (Unpublished study received Jun 10, 1983 under 1471

-EX

- 85; submitted by Elanco Products Co., Div. of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN; CDL:250793

-J)

MRID: 132145 Citation: Grothe, D.; Francis, P.; Lake, S.; et al. (1983) The Acute Toxicity of EL

- 107 (Compound 121607) to Bluegill ... in a Static Test System: Study F07382. (Unpublished study received Jun 10, 1983 under 1471

-EX

- 85; submitted by Elanco Products Co., Div. of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN; CDL:250793

-K)

MRID: 132146 Citation: Grothe, D.; Francis, P.; Lake, S.; et al. (1983) The Acute Toxicity of EL

- 107 (Compound 121607) to Rainbow Trout ... in a Static Test System: Study F07482. (Unpublished study received Jun 10, 1983 under 1471

-EX

- 85; submitted by Elanco Products Co., Div. of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN; CDL:250793

-L)

MRID: 137844 Citation: Francis, P.; Grothe, D.; Lake, S.; et al. (1984) The Acute Toxicity of EL

- 107 (Compound 121607) to the Japanese Carp (Cyprinus carpio) in a Static Test System: Study F10383. (Unpublished study received Apr 5, 1984 under 1471

-EX

- 85; submitted by Elanco Prod

- ucts Co., Div. of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN; CDL: 252915

-A)

### 51



## MRID: 137845 Citation: Francis, P.; Grothe, D.; Lake, S.; et al. (1984) The Toxicity of EL

- 107 to Daphnia magna in a 21

-Day Static

-renewal Life Cycle: Study CO3683. (Unpublished study received Apr 5 , 1984 under 1471

- EX

- 85; submitted by Elanco Products Co., Div. of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN; CDL:252915

-B)

MRID: 137847 Citation: Meyerhoff, R.; Sauter, S.; Lake, S.; et al. (1983) The Toxicity of EL

- 107 in Water to Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) in a 66

- day Early Life

- stage Study: Study F00383. (Unpublished study received Apr 5, 1984 under 1471

-EX

- 85; submitted by Elanco Products Co., Div. of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN; CDL: 252915

-D)

MRID: 137848 Citation: Sauter, S.; Meyerhoff, R.; Lake, S.; et al. (1983) The Toxicity of EL

- 107 in Water to Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas) in a 33

- day Early Life

- stage Study: Study F08183. (Unpublished study received Apr 5, 1984 under 1471

-EX

- 85; submitted by Elanco Products Co., Div. of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, IN; CDL: 252915

-E)

MRID: 40531302 Citation: Surprenant, D.; Dionne, E. (1987) Acute Toxicity of Isoxaben to Embryo

- larval Stages of the Quahog Clam (Mercenaria mercenaria): Study #1982.0787.6100.514. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Life Sciences, Inc. 25 p.

MRID: 40531303 Citation: Gries, C.; Grothe, D.; Mohr, R. (1987) Acute Toxicity of Isoxaben to the Grass Shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) in a Static Test System: Proj. ID C01387. Unpublished study prepared by Lilly Research Laboratories. 33 p.

MRID: 40531304 Citation: Gries, C.; Grothe, D.; Seacat, J. (1987) Acute Toxicity of Isoxaben to the Sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) in a Static Test System: Proj. ID. FO1587. Unpublished study prepared by Lilly Research Laboratories. 36 p.

MRID: 47140011 Citation: Billington, R. (1996) Isoxaben (EL

- 107): Toxicology Summary. Project Number: RB103196. Unpublished study prepared by Dowelanco Ltd. 29 p.

MRID: 47428401 Citation: Hoberg, J. (2002) Isoxaben TGAI

- Toxicity to Duckweed, Lemna gibba. Project Number: 12550/6159, 011193. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Laboratories Inc. 62 p.

MRID: 47428404 Citation: Eley, R. (2004) Evaluation of the Phytotoxicity of Flexidor (Isoxaben, 500 SC) Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test

- Northern Europe, 2004. Project Number: ACE/04/077, 10000134, EA04T4A003. Unpublished study prepared by AgroChemex Ltd. 45 p.

MRID: 47428405 Citation: Rockliff, C. (2006) Evaluation of the Phytotoxicity of Flexidor (Isoxaben, 500g ai/l, SC) GLP Vegetative Vigour Test Terrestrial Non Target Plant Study. Project Number: STC/06/E309, GHE/P/11418, 10000134. Unpublished study prepared byStockbridge Technology Centre Ltd. 116 p.

### 52



## APPENDIX A . Calculations for Irrigation Exposure

To estimate exposure to plants when ground water contaminated by isoxaben is applied to crops, the following method was used. Assume a field is irrigated with one inch of water containing 14.5 μg/L isoxaben (concentration estimate from SCI

- GROW)

. This results in 6,272,640 cubic inches of water on each acre of the field (one acre = 6,272,640 in2 

## ) , or 1

. 0 × 10 5 

## L/acre of water (6,272,640 in 3 

## ÷ 61 in 3 

## /L = 1.0 × 10 5 

## L) . Therefore, 1.45 × 10 6 

## μg isoxaben are applied to each acre of the field (14.5 μg/L × 1.0 × 10 5 

## L = 1.45 × 10 6 

## μg), which is equivalent to an application rate of 3.2 × 10 - 3 

## lbs isoxaben/acre (1.45 × 10 6 

## μg = 3.2 × 10 - 3 

## lbs).

### 53



## Appendix B. Chemical Names and Structures of isoxaben and degradation products detected in submitted environmental fate studies
Name(s) Structure Occurrence Fate Properties 1 

### Dimethoxy benzamide
2,6

- Dimethoxybenzamide Aqueous photolysis (major) Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism (major) Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism (major) Soil Photolysis (minor) VP = 1.6x10 - 5 

### torr Sol = 8.4x10 4 

### mg/L Log KOW 

### = - 0.22 KOC 

### = 4.9

– 10 mL/g

Hydroxy isoxaben Pseudonyms

- AA

- 045

N

- [3

- (1

- hydroxyl

- 1

- methylpropyl)

- 5

- isoxazoyl]

- 2,6

- dimethoxy

-benzamide Aerobic Soil Metabolism (maj or) Anaerobic Soil Metabolism (major) Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism (minor) Terrestrial Field Dissipation VP = 9.8x10 - 12 

### torr Sol = 462 mg/L Log KOW 

### = 1.53 KOC 

### = 17

– 31 mL/g

KOC 

### = 21

– 73 (MRID 4110603)

Methoxyphenol pyrimidinol

6

- (1

- ethyl

- 1

- methylpropyl)

- 2

- (2

- hydroxy

- 6

- methoxyphenyl)

- 4

- p yrimidinol Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism (major) Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism (minor) VP = 4x10 - 10 

### torr Sol = 41.2 mg/L Log KOW 

### = 3.56 KOC 

### = 4800

– 38,000 mL/g

AEM hexenoyl isoxaben

N

- [3

- amino

- 4

- ethyl

- 4

- methyl

- 2

- hexenoyl]

- 2,6

- dimethoxybenzamide Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism (major) Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism (minor) VP = 3.1x10 - 13 

### torr Sol = 265 mg/L Log KOW 

### = 1.71 KOC 

### = 21

- 102 mL/g

### 54



## Name(s) Structure Occurrence Fate Properties 1 

### Unk3 2



### 6

- (1

- ethyl

- 1

- methylpropyl)pyrimidine

2,4(1H,3H)

- di one Aqueous Photolysis (major) VP = 5.6x10 - 8 

### torr Sol = 853 mg/L Log KOW 

### = 2.0 KOC 

### = 80

– 113 mL/g

Unk3i 2



### 4

- ethyl

- 3

- (hydroxyimino)

- 4

- methylhexanoic acid Aqueous Photolysis (major) VP = 3.8x10 - 6 

### torr Sol = 698 mg/L Log KOW 

### = 2.8 KOC 

### = 51

– 126 mL/g

Unk5a2 

### 2

- (2,6

- dimethoxybenzoyl)

- 5

- (1

- ethyl

- 1

- methylpropyl)1,2

- dihydro

- 3H

-py razol

- 3

- one Aqueous Photolysis (major) VP = 2.0x10 - 10 

### torr Sol = 29 mg/L Log KOW 

### = 2.85 KOC 

### = 222

– 228 mL/g

Unk5b 2 

### 4,6

- diethyl

- 4a,8

- dimethoxy

- 4

- methyl

4a,8a

- dihydropyrazolo[1, 5

- b]isoquinoline

- 2,9(1H,4H)

- dione Aqueous Photolysis (major) VP = 1.3x10 - 10 

### torr Sol = 2221 mg/L Log KOW 

### = 0.65 KOC 

### = 12

– 331 mL/g

1. Fate properties for degradates estimated using EPISuite 4.0. 2. Names and structures presented in table were proposed by the study authors based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) identification of structural and functional group changes.

### 55



## Appendix C

. LOCATES Listing of Federally Listed Species



# Species Listing by State with Use Criteria

No species were excluded Minimum of 1 Acre. 

## All Medium Ty

pes Reported Mammal, Marine mml, Bird, Amphibian, Reptile, Fish, Crustacean, Bivalve, Gastropod, Arachnid, Insect, Dicot, Monocot, Ferns, Conf/cycds, Coral, Lichen almonds, hazelnuts (filberts), macadamia nuts, nuts

- other, pecans, pistachios, walnuts, english, grapes Alabama ( 86) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Salamander, Flatwoods Threatened Amphibian No (Ambystoma cingulatum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial Sa lamander, Red Hills Threatened Amphibian No (Phaeognathus hubrichti) Freshwater, Terrestrial Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No (Mycteria americana) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded Endangered Bird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial Combshell, Southern (=Penitent mussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma penita) Freshwater Combshell, Upland Endangered Bivalve Yes (Epioblasma metastriata) Freshwater Kidneyshell, Triangular Endang ered Bivalve Yes (Ptychobranchus greenii) Freshwater Mucket, Orangenacre Threatened Bivalve Yes (Lampsilis perovalis) Freshwater Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater Mussel, Acornshell Southern Endangered B ivalve Yes (Epioblasma othcaloogensis) Freshwater Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell Threatened Bivalve Yes (Medionidus acutissimus) Freshwater Mussel, Coosa Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Medionidus parvulus) Freshwater Mussel, Cumberland Combshel l Endangered Bivalve Yes (Epioblasma brevidens) Freshwater Mussel, Dark Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve Yes (Pleurobema furvum) Freshwater Mussel, Fine

- lined Pocketbook Threatened Bivalve Yes (Lampsilis altilis) Freshwater

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### 56



## Alabama ( 86) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Mussel, Fine

- rayed Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Fusconaia cuneolus) Freshwater Mussel, Flat Pigtoe (=Marshall's Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema marshalli) Freshwater Mussel, Heavy Pigtoe (=Judge Tait's Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema taitianum) Freshwater Mussel, Heelsplitter Inflated Threatened Bivalve No (Potamilus inflatus) Freshwater Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Pleurobema perovatum) Freshwater Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Endangered Bivalve No (Obovaria retusa) Freshwater Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Fusconaia cor) Freshwater Mussel, Shiny

- rayed Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis subangulata) Freshwater Mussel, Southern Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Pleurobema decisum) Freshwater Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve Yes (Pleurobema georgianum) Freshwater Pearlymussel , Alabama Lamp Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis virescens) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Cracking Endangered Bivalve No (Hemistena lata) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Cumberland Monkeyface Endangered Bivalve No (Quadrula intermedia) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Orange -footed Endangered Bivalve No (Plethobasus cooperianus) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Pale Lilliput Endangered Bivalve No (Toxolasma cylindrellus) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Turgid

- blossom Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma turgidula) Freshwater Pearlymu ssel, W hite W artyback Endangered Bivalve No (Plethobasus cicatricosus) Freshwater Stirrupshell Endangered Bivalve No (Quadrula stapes) Freshwater Shrimp, Alabama Cave Endangered Crustacean No (Palaemonias alabamae) Freshwater Amphianthus, Little Thre atened Dicot No (Amphianthus pusillus) Freshwater

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### 57



## Alabama ( 86) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Barbara Buttons, Mohr's Threatened Dicot No (Marshallia mohrii) Terrestrial Bladderpod, Lyrate Threatened D icot No (Lesquerella lyrata) Terrestrial Clover, Leafy Prairie Endangered Dicot No (Dalea foliosa) Terrestrial Harperella Endangered Dicot No (Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater Leather

-flower, Alabama Endangered Dicot No (Clematis socialis) Terrestrial Leather

-flower, Morefield's Endangered Dicot No (Clematis morefieldii) Terrestrial Pitcher

- plant, Alabama Canebrake Endangered Dicot No (Sarracenia rubra alabamensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial Pitcher

- plant, Green Endangered Dicot No (Sarracenia oreop hila) Terrestrial, Freshwater Potato

- bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No (Apios priceana) Terrestrial Fern, Alabama Streak

- sorus Threatened Ferns No (Thelypteris pilosa var. alabamensis) Terrestrial Fern, American hart's

-tongue Threatened Ferns No (Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum) Terrestrial Quillwort, Louisiana Endangered Ferns No (Isoetes louisianensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial Cavefish, Alabama Endangered Fish Yes (Speoplatyrhinus poulsoni) Freshwater Chub, Spotfin Threatened Fish Yes ( Erimonax monachus) Freshwater Darter, Boulder Endangered Fish No (Etheostoma wapiti) Freshwater Darter, Goldline Threatened Fish No (Percina aurolineata) Freshwater Darter, Slackwater Threatened Fish Yes (Etheostoma boschungi) Freshwater Darter, Sna il Threatened Fish No (Percina tanasi) Freshwater Darter, Vermilion Endangered Fish No (Etheostoma chermocki) Freshwater Darter, W atercress Endangered Fish No (Etheostoma nuchale) Freshwater Madtom, Yellowfin Threatened Fish Yes (Noturus flavipinnis

) Freshwater

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### 58



## Alabama ( 86) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Sculpin, Pygmy Threatened Fish No (Cottus paulus (=pygmaeus)) Freshwater Shiner, Blue Threatened Fish No (Cyprinella caerulea) Freshwater Shine r, Cahaba Endangered Fish No (Notropis cahabae) Freshwater Shiner, Palezone Endangered Fish No (Notropis albizonatus) Freshwater Sturgeon, Alabama Endangered Fish No (Scaphirhynchus suttkusi) Freshwater Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater Campeloma, Slender Endangered Gastropod No (Campeloma decampi) Freshwater Elimia, Lacy Threatened Gastropod No (Elimia crenatella) Freshwater Pebblesnail, Flat Endangered Gastropod No (Lepyrium showalteri) Freshwater Riversnail, Anthony's Endangered Gastropod No (Athearnia anthonyi) Freshwater Rocksnail, Painted Threatened Gastropod No (Leptoxis taeniata) Freshwater Rocksnail, Plicate Endangered Gastropod No (Leptoxis plicata) Freshwater Rocksnail, Roun d Threatened Gastropod No (Leptoxis ampla) Freshwater Snail, Armored Endangered Gastropod No (Pyrgulopsis (=Marstonia) pachyta) Freshwater Snail, Lioplax Cylindrical Endangered Gastropod No (Lioplax cyclostomaformis) Freshwater Snail, Tulotoma Endang ered Gastropod No (Tulotoma magnifica) Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Mouse, Alabama Beach Endangered Mammal Yes (Peromyscus polionotus ammobates) Terrestrial, Coastal (neritic) Mouse, Perdido Key Beach Endangered Mammal Yes (Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis) Coastal (neritic) Grass, Tennessee Yellow

- eyed Endangered Monocot No (Xyris tennesseensis) Terrestri al

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### 59



## Alabama ( 86) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Trillium, Relict Endangered Monocot No (Trillium reliquum) Terrestrial Water

- plantain, Kral's Threatened Monocot No (Sagittaria secundifolia) Freshwater Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No (Caretta caretta) Saltwater Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No (Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial Tortoise, Gopher Threatened Reptile No (Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial Turtle, Alabama Red

- bellied Endangered Reptile No (Pseudemys alabamensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater Turtle, Flattened Musk Threatened Reptile No (Sternotherus depressus) Freshwater, Terrestrial 

## Arizona ( 56) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Frog, Chiricahua Leopard Threatene d Amphibian No (Rana chiricahuensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial Salamander, Sonora Tiger Endangered Amphibian No (Ambystoma tigrinum stebbinsi) Vernal pool, Freshwater, Terrestrial Bobwhite, Masked Endangered Bird No (Colinus virginianus ridgwayi) Terres trial Condor, California Endangered Bird Yes (Gymnogyps californianus) Terrestrial Eagle, Bald Threatened Bird No (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) Terrestrial Falcon, Northern Aplomado Endangered Bird No (Falco femoralis septentrionalis) Terrestrial Flyca tcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes (Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes (Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrestrial Pygmy

- owl, Cactus Ferruginous Endangered Bird No (Glaucidium brasilianum cactorum) Terrestrial Rail, Yuma Clapper Endangered Bird No (Rallus longirostris yumanensis) Terrestrial Blue

- star, Kearney's Endangered Dicot No (Amsonia kearneyana) Terrestrial Cactus, Arizona Hedgehog Endangered Dicot No (Echinocereus triglochidiatus var. arizonicus) Terrestrial Cactus, Brady Pincushion Endangered Dicot No (Pediocactus bradyi) Terrestrial Cactus, Cochise Pincushion Threatened Dicot No (Coryphantha robbinsorum) Terrestrial
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### 60



## Arizona ( 56) s pecies: Taxa Critical Habitat Cactus, Nichol's Turk's Head Endangered Dicot No (Echinocactus horiz

onthalonius var. nicholii) Terrestrial Cactus, Pima Pineapple Endangered Dicot No (Coryphantha scheeri var. robustispina) Terrestrial Cactus, Siler Pincu shion Threatened Dicot No (Pediocactus (=Echinocactus,=Utahia) sileri) Terrestrial Cliffrose, Arizona Endangered Dicot No (Purshia (=cowania) subintegra) Terrestrial Cycladenia, Jones Threatened Dicot No (Cycladenia jonesii (=humilis)) Terrestrial Fl eabane, Zuni Threatened Dicot No (Erigeron rhiz

omatus) Terrestrial Groundsel, San Francisco Peaks Threatened Dicot Yes (Senecio franciscanus) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Holmgren Endangered Dicot No (Astragalus holmgreniorum) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Sent ry Endangered Dicot No (Astragalus cremnophylax var. cremnophylax) Terrestrial Milkweed, W elsh's Threatened Dicot Yes (Asclepias welshii) Terrestrial Umbel, Huachuca W ater Endangered Dicot Yes (Lilaeopsis schaffneriana var. recurva) Terrestrial, Fresh water Catfish, Yaqui Threatened Fish Yes (Ictalurus pricei) Freshwater Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes (Gila elegans) Freshwater Chub, Gila Endangered Fish Yes (Gila intermedia) Freshwater Chub, Humpback Endangered Fish Yes (Gila cypha) Freshwat er Chub, Sonora Threatened Fish Yes (Gila ditaenia) Freshwater Chub, Virgin River Endangered Fish Yes (Gila seminuda (=robusta)) Freshwater Chub, Yaqui Endangered Fish Yes (Gila purpurea) Freshwater Minnow, Loach Threatened Fish Yes (Tiaroga cobiti

s) Freshwater Pupfish, Desert Endangered Fish Yes (Cyprinodon macularius) Freshwater Shiner, Beautiful Threatened Fish Yes (Cyprinella formosa) Freshwater

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## Arizona ( 56) species: Taxa Critical Habitat S pikedace Threatened Fish Yes (Meda fulgida) Freshwater Spinedace, Little Colorado Threatened Fish Yes (Lepidomeda vittata) Freshwater Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes (Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes (Xy rauchen texanus) Freshwater Topminnow, Gila (Yaqui) Endangered Fish No (Poeciliopsis occidentalis) Freshwater Trout, Apache Threatened Fish No (Oncorhynchus apache) Freshwater Trout, Gila Endangered Fish No (Oncorhynchus gilae) Freshwater Wo undfin E ndangered Fish Yes (Plagopterus argentissimus) Freshwater Ambersnail, Kanab Endangered Gastropod No (Oxyloma haydeni kanabensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial Bat, Lesser (=Sanborn's) Long

- nosed Endangered Mammal No (Leptonycteris curasoae yerbabuenae) Subt erraneous, Terrestrial Ferret, Black

-footed Endangered Mammal No (Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial Jaguar Endangered Mammal No (Panthera onca) Terrestrial Jaguarundi, Sinaloan Endangered Mammal No (Herpailurus (=Felis) yagouaroundi tolteca) Terrestrial Ocelot Endangered Mammal No (Leopardus (=Felis) pardalis) Terrestrial Pronghorn, Sonoran Endangered Mammal No (Antilocapra americana sonoriensis) Terrestrial Squirrel, Mount Graham Red Endangered Mammal Yes (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus grahamensis) Terre strial Vole, Hualapai Mexican Endangered Mammal No (Microtus mexicanus hualpaiensis) Terrestrial Ladies'

-tresses, Canelo Hills Endangered Monocot No (Spiranthes delitescens) Terrestrial Sedge, Navajo Threatened Monocot Yes (Carex specuicola) Terrestr ial Rattlesnake, New Mexican Ridge

- nosed Threatened Reptile Yes (Crotalus willardi obscurus) Terrestrial Tortoise, Desert Threatened Reptile Yes (Gopherus agassiz

ii) Terrestrial 

## Arkansas ( 22) species: Taxa Critical Habitat
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## Arkansas ( 22) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded Endangered Bird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial Fatmucket, Arkansas T hreatened Bivalve No (Lampsilis powelli) Freshwater Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater Mussel, Scaleshell Endangered Bivalve No (Leptodea leptodon) Freshwater Mussel, Speckled Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis streckeri) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No (Potamilus capax) Freshwater Rock

- pocketbook, Ouachita (=Wheeler's pm) Endangered Bivalve No (Arkansia wheeleri) Freshwater Crayfish, Cave (Cambarus aculabrum) E ndangered Crustacean No (Cambarus aculabrum) Freshwater Crayfish, Cave (Cambarus zophonastes) Endangered Crustacean No (Cambarus zophonastes) Freshwater Bladderpod, Missouri Threatened Dicot No (Lesquerella filiformis) Terrestrial Fruit, Earth (=geoc arpon) Threatened Dicot No (Geocarpon minimum) Terrestrial Harperella Endangered Dicot No (Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater Pondberry Endangered Dicot No (Lindera melissifolia) Terrestrial Cavefish, Ozark Threatened Fish No (Amblyopsis rosae) Freshwat er Darter, Leopard Threatened Fish Yes (Percina pantherina) Freshwater Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No (Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater Shagreen, Magazine Mountain Threatened Gastropod No (Mesodon magaz

inensis) Terrestrial Beetle, American Bury ing Endangered Insect No (Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial

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## Arkansas ( 22) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Bat, Ozark Big

- eared Endangered Mammal No (Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii ingens) Terrestrial, Subterraneous 

## California ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Frog, California Red

- legg ed Threatened Amphibian Yes (Rana aurora draytonii) Terrestrial, Freshwater Frog, Mountain Yellow

- legged Endangered Amphibian No (Gopherus agassiz

ii) Terrestrial, Freshwater Salamander, California Tiger Endangered Amphibian No (Ambystoma californiense ) Terrestrial, Vernal pool Salamander, Desert Slender Endangered Amphibian No (Batrachoseps aridus) Freshwater, Terrestrial Salamander, Santa Cruz Long

-toed Endangered Amphibian No (Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial Toad, Arroyo Southwestern Endangered Amphibian Yes (Bufo californicus (=microscaphus)) Freshwater, Terrestrial Condor, California Endangered Bird Yes (Gymnogyps californianus) Terrestrial Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes (Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial Gnatcatcher, Coastal California Threatened Bird Yes (Polioptila californica californica) Terrestrial Murrelet, Marbled Threatened Bird Yes (Brachyramphus marmoratus marmoratus) Freshwater, Terrestrial, Saltwater Owl, Nor thern Spotted Threatened Bird Yes (Strix occidentalis caurina) Terrestrial Plover, W estern Snowy Threatened Bird Yes (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) Terrestrial Rail, California Clapper Endangered Bird No (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) Terrestrial Rail, Light

-footed Clapper Endangered Bird No (Rallus longirostris levipes) Terrestrial Rail, Yuma Clapper Endangered Bird No (Rallus longirostris yumanensis) Terrestrial Shrike, San Clemente Loggerhead Endangered Bird No (Lanius ludovicianus mearnsi ) Terrestrial Sparrow, San Clemente Sage Threatened Bird No (Amphispiz

a belli clementeae) Terrestrial Tern, California Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum browni) Terrestrial Towhee, Inyo Brown Threatened Bird Yes (Pipilo crissalis eremophilus) Terrestrial Vireo, Least Bell's Endangered Bird Yes (Vireo bellii pusillus) Terrestrial
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## California ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Cypress, Gowen Threatened Conf/cycds No (Cupressus goveniana ssp. goveniana) Terrestrial Cypress, Santa Cruz Endangered Conf/cycds No (Cupressus abramsiana) Terrestrial Crayfish, Shasta Endangered Crustacean No (Pacifastacus fortis) Freshwater Fairy Shrimp, Conservancy Fairy Endangered Crustacean Yes (Branchine cta conservatio) Vernal pool Fairy Shrimp, Longhorn Endangered Crustacean Yes (Branchinecta longiantenna) Vernal pool Fairy Shrimp, Riverside Endangered Crustacean Yes (Streptocephalus woottoni) Vernal pool Fairy Shrimp, San Diego Endangered Crustacea n Yes (Branchinecta sandiegonensis) Vernal pool Fairy Shrimp, Vernal Pool Threatened Crustacean Yes (Branchinecta lynchi) Vernal pool Shrimp, California Freshwater Endangered Crustacean No (Syncaris pacifica) Freshwater Tadpole Shrimp, Vernal Pool En dangered Crustacean Yes (Lepidurus packardi) Vernal pool Adobe Sunburst, San Joaquin Threatened Dicot No (Pseudobahia peirsonii) Terrestrial Allocarya, Calistoga Endangered Dicot No (Plagiobothrys strictus) Vernal pool Ambrosia, San Diego Endangered Dicot No (Ambrosia pumila) Terrestrial Baccharis, Encinitas Threatened Dicot No (Baccharis vanessae) Terrestrial Barberry, Island Endangered Dicot No (Berberis pinnata ssp. insularis) Terrestrial Barberry, Nevin's Endangered Dicot No (Berberis nevin ii) Terrestrial Bedstraw, El Dorado Endangered Dicot No (Galium californicum ssp. sierrae) Terrestrial Bedstraw, Island Endangered Dicot No (Galium buxifolium) Terrestrial Bird's

- beak, Palmate

- bracted Endangered Dicot No (Cordylanthus palmatus) Terre strial Bird's

- beak, Pennell's Endangered Dicot No (Cordylanthus tenuis ssp. capillaris) Terrestrial Bird's

- beak, salt marsh Endangered Dicot No (Cordylanthus maritimus ssp. maritimus) Saltwater

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## Califor nia ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Bird's

- beak, Soft Endangered Dicot No (Cordylanthus mollis ssp. mollis) Brackish, Saltwater Bladderpod, San Bernardino Mountains Endangered Dicot Yes (Lesquerella kingii ssp. bernardina) Terrestrial Bluecurls, Hidden Lake Threatened Dicot No (Trichostema austromontanum ssp. compactum) Terrestrial Broom, San Clemente Island Endangered Dicot No (Lotus dendroideus ssp. traskiae) Terrestrial Buckwheat, Cushenbury Endangered Dicot Yes (Eriogonum ovalifolium var . vineum) Terrestrial Buckwheat, Ione (incl. Irish Hill) Endangered Dicot No (Eriogonum apricum (incl. var. prostratum)) Terrestrial Buckwheat, Southern Mountain Wild Threatened Dicot No (Eriogonum kennedyi var. austromontanum) Terrestrial Bush

- mallow , San Clemente Island Endangered Dicot No (Malacothamnus clementinus) Terrestrial Bush

- mallow, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Dicot No (Malacothamnus fasciculatus var. nesioticus) Terrestrial Butterweed, Layne's Threatened Dicot No (Senecio layneae) Ter restrial Button

- celery, San Diego Endangered Dicot No (Eryngium aristulatum var. parishii) Terrestrial Cactus, Bakersfield Endangered Dicot No (Opuntia treleasei) Terrestrial Ceanothus, Coyote Endangered Dicot No (Ceanothus ferrisae) Terrestrial Cea nothus, Pine Hill Endangered Dicot No (Ceanothus roderickii) Terrestrial Ceanothus, Vail Lake Threatened Dicot No (Ceanothus ophiochilus) Terrestrial Centaury, Spring

- loving Threatened Dicot Yes (Centaurium namophilum) Terrestrial Checker

- mallow, Kec k's Endangered Dicot Yes (Sidalcea keckii) Terrestrial Checker

- mallow, Kenwood Marsh Endangered Dicot No (Sidalcea oregana ssp. valida) Terrestrial Checker

- mallow, Pedate Endangered Dicot No (Sidalcea pedata) Terrestrial Clarkia, Pismo Endangered Dic ot No (Clarkia speciosa ssp. immaculata) Terrestrial Clarkia, Presidio Endangered Dicot No (Clarkia franciscana) Terrestrial

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## California ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Clarkia, Springville Threat ened Dicot No (Clarkia springvillensis) Terrestrial Clarkia, Vine Hill Endangered Dicot No (Clarkia imbricata) Terrestrial Clover, Fleshy Owl's Threatened Dicot Yes (Castilleja campestris ssp. succulenta) Vernal pool Clover, Monterey Endangered Dicot No (Trifolium trichocalyx) Terrestrial Clover, Showy Indian Endangered Dicot No (Trifolium amoenum) Terrestrial Coyote

-thistle, Loch Lomond Endangered Dicot No (Eryngium constancei) Terrestrial Crownbeard, Big

- leaved Threatened Dicot No (Verbesina dissita) Terrestrial Crownscale, San Jacinto Valley Endangered Dicot No (Atriplex coronata var. notatior) Terrestrial Daisy, Parish's Threatened Dicot Yes (Erigeron parishii) Freshwater Dudleya, Conejo Threatened Dicot No (Dudleya abramsii ssp. parva ) Terrestrial Dudleya, Marcescent Threatened Dicot No (Dudleya cymosa ssp. marcescens) Terrestrial Dudleya, Santa Clara Valley Endangered Dicot No (Dudleya setchellii) Terrestrial Dudleya, Santa Cruz Island Threatened Dicot No (Dudleya nesiotica) Ter restrial Dudleya, Santa Monica Mountains Threatened Dicot No (Dudleya cymosa ssp. ovatifolia) Terrestrial Dudleya, Verity's Threatened Dicot No (Dudleya verityi) Terrestrial Dwarf

-flax, Marin Threatened Dicot No (Hesperolinon congestum) Terrestrial Evening

- primrose, Antioch Dunes Endangered Dicot Yes (Oenothera deltoides ssp. howellii) Terrestrial Evening

- primrose, Eureka Valley Endangered Dicot No (Oenothera avita ssp. eurekensis) Terrestrial Evening

- primrose, San Benito Threatened Dicot No (Ca missonia benitensis) Terrestrial Fiddleneck, Large

-flowered Endangered Dicot Yes (Amsinckia grandiflora) Terrestrial Flannelbush, Mexican Endangered Dicot No (Fremontodendron mexicanum) Terrestrial

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## Cal ifornia ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Flannelbush, Pine Hill Endangered Dicot No (Fremontodendron californicum ssp. decumbens) Terrestrial Fringepod, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Dicot No (Thysanocarpus conchuliferus) Terrestrial Gilia, Hoffma nn's Slender

-flowered Endangered Dicot No (Gilia tenuiflora ssp. hoffmannii) Terrestrial Gilia, Monterey Endangered Dicot No (Gilia tenuiflora ssp. arenaria) Terrestrial Golden Sunburst, Hartweg's Endangered Dicot No (Pseudobahia bahiifolia) Terrestri al Goldfields, Burke's Endangered Dicot No (Lasthenia burkei) Terrestrial Goldfields, Contra Costa Endangered Dicot Yes (Lasthenia conjugens) Terrestrial Grass, Hairy Orcutt Endangered Dicot Yes (Orcuttia pilosa) Vernal pool Grass, Sacramento Orcutt Endangered Dicot Yes (Orcuttia viscida) Vernal pool Grass, Slender Orcutt Threatened Dicot Yes (Orcuttia tenuis) Vernal pool Gumplant, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes (Grindelia fraxino

-

pratensis) Terrestrial Ivesia, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Ye s (Ivesia kingii var. eremica) Terrestrial Jewelflower, California Endangered Dicot No (Caulanthus californicus) Terrestrial Jewelflower, Tiburon Endangered Dicot No (Streptanthus niger) Terrestrial Larkspur, Baker's Endangered Dicot Yes (Delphinium bakeri) Terrestrial Larkspur, San Clemente Island Endangered Dicot No (Delphinium variegatum ssp. kinkiense) Terrestrial Larkspur, Yellow Endangered Dicot Yes (Delphinium luteum) Terrestrial Layia, Beach Endangered Dicot No (Layia carnosa) Terrestri al, Coastal (neritic) Lessingia, San Francisco Endangered Dicot No (Lessingia germanorum (=L.g. var. germanorum)) Terrestrial Liveforever, Laguna Beach Threatened Dicot No (Dudleya stolonifera) Terrestrial Liveforever, Santa Barbara Island Endangered Dicot No (Dudleya traskiae) Terrestrial

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## California ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Lupine, Clover Endangered Dicot No (Lupinus tidestromii) Coastal (neritic) Lupine, Nipomo Mesa Endangered Dicot No (Lupinus nipomensis) Coastal (neritic) Malacothrix, Island Endangered Dicot No (Malacothrix squalida) Terrestrial Malacothrix, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Dicot No (Malacothrix indecora) Terrestrial Mallow, Kern Endangered Dicot No (Eremalche ke rnensis) Terrestrial Manzanita, Del Mar Endangered Dicot No (Arctostaphylos glandulosa ssp. crassifolia) Terrestrial Manzanita, Ione Threatened Dicot No (Arctostaphylos myrtifolia) Terrestrial Manzanita, Morro Threatened Dicot No (Arctostaphylos morr

oensis) Terrestrial Manzanita, Pallid Threatened Dicot No (Arctostaphylos pallida) Terrestrial Manzanita, Santa Rosa Island Endangered Dicot No (Arctostaphylos confertiflora) Terrestrial Meadowfoam, Butte County Endangered Dicot Yes (Limnanthes floccosa ssp. californica) Vernal pool Meadowfoam, Sebastopol Endangered Dicot No (Limnanthes vinculans) Freshwater, Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Braunton's Endangered Dicot No (Astragalus brauntonii) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Clara Hunt's Endangered Dicot No (A stragalus clarianus) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Coachella Valley Endangered Dicot Yes (Astragalus lentiginosus var. coachellae) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Coastal Dunes Endangered Dicot No (Astragalus tener var. titi) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Cushenbury Enda ngered Dicot Yes (Astragalus albens) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Fish Slough Threatened Dicot No (Astragalus lentiginosus var. piscinensis) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Lane Mountain Endangered Dicot Yes (Astragalus jaegerianus) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Pierso n's Threatened Dicot Yes (Astragalus magdalenae var. peirsonii) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Triple

- ribbed Endangered Dicot No (Astragalus tricarinatus) Terrestrial

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## California ( 290) species: Taxa Critical H abitat Milk

-vetch, Ventura Marsh Endangered Dicot Yes (Astragalus pycnostachyus var. lanosissimus) Terrestrial, Freshwater Mint, Otay Mesa Endangered Dicot No (Pogogyne nudiuscula) Terrestrial Mint, San Diego Mesa Endangered Dicot No (Pogogyne abramsii) Terrestrial Monardella, Willowy Endangered Dicot No (Monardella linoides ssp. viminea) Terrestrial Morning

- glory, Stebbins Endangered Dicot No (Calystegia stebbinsii) Terrestrial Mountainbalm, Indian Knob Endangered Dicot No (Eriodictyon altissim um) Terrestrial Mountain

- mahogany, Catalina Island Endangered Dicot No (Cercocarpus traskiae) Terrestrial Mustard, Slender

- petaled Endangered Dicot No (Thelypodium stenopetalum) Terrestrial Navarretia, Few

-flowered Endangered Dicot No (Navarretia leu cocephala ssp. pauciflora (=N. pauciflora)) Vernal pool, Terrestrial Navarretia, Many

-flowered Endangered Dicot No (Navarretia leucocephala ssp. plieantha) Terrestrial, Vernal pool Navarretia, Spreading Threatened Dicot No (Navarretia fossalis) Vernal pool Niterwort, Amargosa Endangered Dicot Yes (Nitrophila mohavensis) Terrestrial Oxytheca, Cushenbury Endangered Dicot Yes (Oxytheca parishii var. goodmaniana) Terrestrial Paintbrush, Ash

- grey Indian Threatened Dicot No (Castilleja cinerea) Terrestr ial Paintbrush, San Clemente Island Indian Endangered Dicot No (Castilleja grisea) Terrestrial Paintbrush, Soft

- leaved Endangered Dicot No (Castilleja mollis) Terrestrial Paintbrush, Tiburon Endangered Dicot No (Castilleja affinis ssp. neglecta) Terrestrial Penny

- cress, Kneeland Prairie Endangered Dicot Yes (Thlaspi californicum) Terrestrial Pentachaeta, Lyon's Endangered Dicot No (Pentachaeta lyonii) Terrestrial Pentachaeta, W hite

- rayed Endangered Dicot No (Pentachaeta bellidiflora) Terrestrial Phacelia, Island Endangered Dicot No (Phacelia insularis ssp. insularis) Terrestrial

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## California ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Phlox, Yreka Endangered Dicot No (Phlox hirsuta) Terrestrial Polygonum, Scott's Valley Endangered Dicot Yes (Polygonum hickmanii) Terrestrial Potentilla, Hickman's Endangered Dicot No (Potentilla hickmanii) Terrestrial Pussypaws, Mariposa Threatened Dicot No (Calyptridium pulchellum) Terrestrial Rock

- cress, Hoffma nn's Endangered Dicot No (Arabis hoffmannii) Terrestrial Rock

- cress, McDonald's Endangered Dicot No (Arabis mcdonaldiana) Terrestrial Rock

- cress, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Dicot No (Sibara filifolia) Terrestrial Rush

- rose, Island Threatened Dicot No (Helianthemum greenei) Terrestrial Sandwort, Bear Valley Threatened Dicot No (Arenaria ursina) Terrestrial Sandwort, Marsh Endangered Dicot No (Arenaria paludicola) Freshwater, Terrestrial Sea

- blite, California Endangered Dicot No (Suaeda califor

nica) Terrestrial Spineflower, Ben Lomond Endangered Dicot No (Chorizanthe pungens var. hartwegiana) Terrestrial Spineflower, Howell's Endangered Dicot No (Chorizanthe howellii) Terrestrial Spineflower, Monterey Threatened Dicot Yes (Chorizanthe pungens var. pungens) Terrestrial Spineflower, Orcutt's Endangered Dicot No (Chorizanthe orcuttiana) Terrestrial Spineflower, Robust Endangered Dicot Yes (Chorizanthe robusta var. robusta) Terrestrial Spineflower, Scotts Valley Endangered Dicot Yes (Chor izanthe robusta var. hartwegii) Terrestrial Spineflower, Slender

- horned Endangered Dicot No (Dodecahema leptoceras) Terrestrial Spineflower, Sonoma Endangered Dicot No (Chorizanthe valida) Terrestrial Spurge, Hoover's Threatened Dicot Yes (Chamaesyce hooveri) Vernal pool Stickyseed, Baker's Endangered Dicot No (Blennosperma bakeri) Vernal pool

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## California ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Stonecrop, Lake County Endangered Dicot No (Parvisedum leiocarpum) Vernal pool Sunflower, San Mateo W oolly Endangered Dicot No (Eriophyllum latilobum) Terrestrial Taraxacum, California Endangered Dicot No (Taraxacum californicum) Terrestrial Tarplant, Gaviota Endangered Dicot Yes (Deinandra increscens ssp . villosa) Terrestrial Tarplant, Otay Threatened Dicot Yes (Deinandra (=Hemizonia) conjugens) Terrestrial Tarplant, Santa Cruz Threatened Dicot Yes (Holocarpha macradenia) Terrestrial Thistle, Chorro creek Bog Endangered Dicot No (Cirsium fontinale v

ar. obispoense) Terrestrial, Freshwater Thistle, Fountain Endangered Dicot No (Cirsium fontinale var. fontinale) Terrestrial Thistle, La Graciosa Endangered Dicot Yes (Cirsium loncholepis) Coastal (neritic), Freshwater, Thistle, Suisun Endangered Dic ot No (Cirsium hydrophilum var. hydrophilum) Brackish, Terrestrial Thornmint, San Diego Threatened Dicot No (Acanthomintha ilicifolia) Terrestrial Thornmint, San Mateo Endangered Dicot No (Acanthomintha obovata ssp. duttonii) Terrestrial Tuctoria, Green's Endangered Dicot Yes (Tuctoria greenei) Vernal pool Vervain, California Threatened Dicot No (Verbena californica) Terrestrial Wa llflower, Ben Lomond Endangered Dicot No (Erysimum teretifolium) Terrestrial Wa llflower, Contra Costa Endangered Dic ot Yes (Erysimum capitatum var. angustatum) Terrestrial Wa llflower, Menzie's Endangered Dicot No (Erysimum menziesii) Terrestrial Watercress, Gambel's Endangered Dicot No (Rorippa gambellii) Terrestrial, Brackish, Freshwater Wo odland

- star, San Clemen te Island Endangered Dicot No (Lithophragma maximum) Terrestrial Wo olly

- star, Santa Ana River Endangered Dicot No (Eriastrum densifolium ssp. sanctorum) Terrestrial Wo olly

-threads, San Joaquin Endangered Dicot No (Monolopia (=Lembertia) congdonii) Ter restrial

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## California ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Yerba Santa, Lompoc Endangered Dicot Yes (Eriodictyon capitatum) Terrestrial Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes (Gila elegans) Freshwater Chub , Hutton Tui Threatened Fish No (Gila bicolor ssp.) Freshwater Chub, Mohave Tui Endangered Fish No (Gila bicolor mohavensis) Freshwater Chub, Owens Tui Endangered Fish Yes (Gila bicolor snyderi) Freshwater Dace, Ash Meadows Speckled Endangered Fish Y es (Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis) Freshwater Goby, Tidewater Endangered Fish Yes (Eucyclogobius newberryi) Freshwater Pupfish, Desert Endangered Fish Yes (Cyprinodon macularius) Freshwater Pupfish, Owens Endangered Fish No (Cyprinodon radiosus) Freshwater Salmon, Chinook (California Coastal Run) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish Salmon, Chinook (Central Valley Fall Run) Threatened Fish No (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Freshwa ter, Saltwater Salmon, Chinook (Central Valley Spring Run) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater Salmon, Chinook (Sacramento River Winter Run) Endangered Fish No (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Saltwater, Freshwater, Brackish Salmon, Coho (Central California Coast population) Endangered Fish No (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) kisutch) Saltwater, Brackish, Freshwater Salmon, Coho (Southern OR/Northern CA Coast) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) ki sutch) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater Smelt, Delta Threatened Fish Yes (Hypomesus transpacificus) Freshwater, Brackish Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes (Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater Steelhead, (California Central Valley population) Threate ned Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater Steelhead, (Central California Coast population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish Steelhead, (Northern California population) Threatened Fish No (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Saltwater, Brackish, Freshwater Steelhead, (South

- Central California population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish

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## California ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Steelhead, (Southern California population) Endangered Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater Stickleback, Unarmored Threespine Endangered Fish No (Gasteroste us aculeatus williamsoni) Freshwater Sturgeon, green Threatened Fish No (Acipenser medirostris) Sucker, Lost River Endangered Fish No (Deltistes luxatus) Freshwater Sucker, Modoc Endangered Fish Yes (Catostomus microps) Freshwater Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes (Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater Sucker, Santa Ana Threatened Fish Yes (Catostomus santaanae) Freshwater Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Threatened Fish No (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) Freshwater Trout, Little Kern Golden Threatened Fis h Yes (Oncorhynchus aguabonita whitei) Freshwater Trout, Paiute Cutthroat Threatened Fish No (Oncorhynchus clarki seleniris) Freshwater Abalone, White Endangered Gastropod No (Haliotis sorenseni) Saltwater Snail, Morro Shoulderband Endangered Gastrop od Yes (Helminthoglypta walkeriana) Terrestrial Beetle, Delta Green Ground Threatened Insect Yes (Elaphrus viridis) Vernal pool, Terrestrial Beetle, Mount Hermon June Endangered Insect No (Polyphylla barbata) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Beetle, Ohlone Tiger Endangered Insect No (Cicindela ohlone) Terrestrial Beetle, Valley Elderberry Longhorn Threatened Insect Yes (Desmocerus californicus dimorphus) Terrestrial Butterfly, Bay Checkerspot (Wr ight's euphydryas) Threatened Insect Yes (Euphydryas edit

ha bayensis) Terrestrial Butterfly, Behren's Silverspot Endangered Insect No (Speyeria zerene behrensii) Terrestrial Butterfly, Callippe Silverspot Endangered Insect No (Speyeria callippe callippe) Terrestrial Butterfly, El Segundo Blue Endangered Ins ect No (Euphilotes battoides allyni) Terrestrial Butterfly, Lange's Metalmark Endangered Insect No (Apodemia mormo langei) Terrestrial

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## California ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Butterfly, Lotis Blue Endangered Insect No (Lycaeides argyrognomon lotis) Terrestrial Butterfly, Mission Blue Endangered Insect No (Icaricia icarioides missionensis) Terrestrial Butterfly, Myrtle's Silverspot Endangered Insect No (Speyeria zerene myrtleae) Terrestrial Butterfly, Oregon Silverspot Threatened Insect Yes (Speyeria zerene hippolyta) Terrestrial Butterfly, Palos Verdes Blue Endangered Insect Yes (Glaucopsyche lygdamus palosverdesensis) Terrestrial Butterfly, Quino Checkerspot Endangered Insect Yes (Eu phydryas editha quino (=E. e. wrighti)) Terrestrial Butterfly, San Bruno Elfin Endangered Insect No (Callophrys mossii bayensis) Terrestrial Butterfly, Smith's Blue Endangered Insect No (Euphilotes enoptes smithi) Terrestrial Fly, Delhi Sands Flower

- l oving Endangered Insect No (Rhaphiomidas terminatus abdominalis) Terrestrial Grasshopper, Zayante Band

-winged Endangered Insect Yes (Trimerotropis infantilis) Terrestrial Moth, Kern Primrose Sphinx Threatened Insect No (Euproserpinus euterpe) Terrestr ial Skipper, Carson Wandering Endangered Insect No (Pseudocopaeodes eunus obscurus) Terrestrial Skipper, Laguna Mountain Endangered Insect No (Pyrgus ruralis lagunae) Terrestrial Fox, San Joaquin Kit Endangered Mammal No (Vulpes macrotis mutica) Terrestrial Fox, San Miguel Island Endangered Mammal Yes (Urocyon littoralis littoralis) Terrestrial Fox, Santa Catalina Island Endangered Mammal Yes (Urocyon littoralis catalinae) Terrestrial Fox, Santa Cruz Island Endangered Mammal Yes (Urocyon littora lis santacruz ae) Terrestrial Fox, Santa Rosa Island Endangered Mammal Yes (Urocyon littoralis santarosae) Terrestrial Kangaroo Rat, Fresno Endangered Mammal Yes (Dipodomys nitratoides exilis) Terrestrial Kangaroo Rat, Giant Endangered Mammal No (Dipo domys ingens) Terrestrial Kangaroo Rat, Morro Bay Endangered Mammal Yes (Dipodomys heermanni morroensis) Terrestrial

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## California ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Kangaroo Rat, San Bernardino Merriam 's Endangered Mammal Yes (Dipodomys merriami parvus) Terrestrial Kangaroo Rat, Stephens' Endangered Mammal No (Dipodomys stephensi (incl. D. cascus)) Terrestrial Kangaroo Rat, Tipton Endangered Mammal No (Dipodomys nitratoides nitratoides) Terrestrial Mountain Beaver, Point Arena Endangered Mammal No (Aplodontia rufa nigra) Freshwater, Terrestrial Mouse, Pacific Pocket Endangered Mammal No (Perognathus longimembris pacificus) Terrestrial Mouse, Salt Marsh Harvest Endangered Mammal No (Reithrodontomys raviventris) Terrestrial Rabbit, Riparian Brush Endangered Mammal No (Sylvilagus bachmani riparius) Terrestrial Sheep, Peninsular Bighorn Endangered Mammal Yes (Ovis canadensis) Terrestrial Sheep, Sierra Nevada Bighorn Endangered Mammal No (Ovis canadensis californiana) Terrestrial Shrew, Buena Vista Lake Ornate Endangered Mammal Yes (Sorex ornatus relictus) Terrestrial Vole, Amargosa Endangered Mammal Yes (Microtus californicus scirpensis) Terrestrial Wo odrat, Riparian Endangered Mammal No (Neotoma fuscipes riparia) Terrestrial Otter, Southern Sea Threatened Marine mml No (Enhydra lutris nereis) Saltwater Seal, Guadalupe Fur Threatened Marine mml No (Arctocephalus townsendi) Coastal (neritic), Saltwater Alopecurus, Sonoma Endangered Mo nocot No (Alopecurus aequalis var. sonomensis) Terrestrial Amole, Cammatta Canyon Threatened Monocot Yes (Chlorogalum purpureum var. reductum) Terrestrial Amole, Purple Threatened Monocot Yes (Chlorogalum purpureum var. purpureum) Terrestrial Bluegra ss, Napa Endangered Monocot No (Poa napensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater Bluegrass, San Bernardino Endangered Monocot No (Poa atropurpurea) Terrestrial Brodiaea, Chinese Camp Threatened Monocot No (Brodiaea pallida) Terrestrial Brodiaea, Thread

- leaved T hreatened Monocot Yes (Brodiaea filifolia) Terrestrial

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## California ( 290) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Grass, California Orcutt Endangered Monocot No (Orcuttia californica) Vernal pool, Terrestrial Grass, Colusa Threatened Monocot No (Neostapfia colusana) Vernal pool Grass, Eureka Dune Endangered Monocot No (Swallenia alexandrae) Terrestrial Grass, San Joaquin Valley Orcutt Threatened Monocot Yes (Orcuttia inaequalis) Vernal pool Grass, Solano En dangered Monocot Yes (Tuctoria mucronata) Vernal pool, Terrestrial Lily, Pitkin Marsh Endangered Monocot No (Lilium pardalinum ssp. pitkinense) Freshwater Lily, W estern Endangered Monocot No (Lilium occidentale) Terrestrial Onion, Munz's Endangered M onocot No (Allium munz

ii) Terrestrial Piperia, Yadon's Endangered Monocot No (Piperia yadonii) Terrestrial Sedge, W hite Endangered Monocot No (Carex albida) Freshwater, Terrestrial Lizard, Blunt

- nosed Leopard Endangered Reptile No (Gambelia silus) T errestrial Lizard, Coachella Valley Fringe

-toed Threatened Reptile Yes (Uma inornata) Terrestrial Lizard, Island Night Threatened Reptile No (Xantusia riversiana) Terrestrial Sea turtle, olive ridley Threatened Reptile No (Lepidochelys olivacea) Saltwater Snake, Giant Garter Threatened Reptile No (Thamnophis gigas) Freshwater, Terrestrial Snake, San Francisco Garter Endangered Reptile No (Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia) Freshwater, Terrestrial Tortoise, Desert Threatened Reptile Yes (Gopherus a gassiz

ii) Terrestrial Wh ipsnake (=Striped Racer), Alameda Threatened Reptile Yes (Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus) Terrestrial 

## Colorado ( 16) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes (Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrest rial Cactus, Knowlton Endangered Dicot No (Pediocactus knowltonii) Terrestrial Cactus, Mesa Verde Threatened Dicot No (Sclerocactus mesae

- verdae) Terrestrial
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## Colorado ( 16) species: Taxa Critical Habit at Cactus, Uinta Basin Hookless Threatened Dicot No (Sclerocactus glaucus) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Mancos Endangered Dicot No (Astragalus humillimus) Terrestrial Wi ld

- buckwheat, Clay

- loving Endangered Dicot Yes (Eriogonum pelinophilum) Terrestrial C hub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes (Gila elegans) Freshwater Chub, Humpback Endangered Fish Yes (Gila cypha) Freshwater Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Yes (Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes (Xyrauchen texanus

) Freshwater Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No (Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater Trout, Greenback Cutthroat Threatened Fish No (Oncorhynchus clarki stomias) Freshwater Skipper, Pawnee Montane Threatened Insect No (Hesperia leonardus montana) Terrestri al Ferret, Black

-footed Endangered Mammal No (Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial Mouse, Preble's Meadow Jumping Threatened Mammal Yes (Zapus hudsonius preblei) Terrestrial Ladies'

-tresses, Ute Threatened Monocot No (Spiranthes diluvialis) Terrestrial 

## Con necticut ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, Roseate Endangered Bird No (Sterna dougallii dougallii) Terrestrial Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No (Alasmidonta heterodo n) Freshwater Gerardia, Sandplain Endangered Dicot No (Agalinis acuta) Terrestrial Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No (Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater Beetle, Puritan Tiger Threatened Insect No (Cicindela puritana) Terrestrial, Coas tal (neritic) Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial
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## Connecticut ( 9) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No (Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater 

## Delaware ( 3) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Squirrel, Delma rva Peninsula Fox Endangered Mammal No (Sciurus niger cinereus) Terrestrial Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No (Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater 

## Florida ( 92) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Salamander, Flatwoods Threatened Amphibian No (Ambys toma cingulatum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial Caracara, Audubon's Crested Threatened Bird No (Polyborus plancus audubonii) Terrestrial Kite, Everglade Snail Endangered Bird Yes (Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus) Terrestrial Plover, Piping Endang ered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Scrub

- Jay, Florida Threatened Bird No (Aphelocoma coerulescens) Terrestrial Sparrow, Cape Sable Seaside Endangered Bird Yes (Ammodramus maritimus mirabilis) Terrestrial Sparrow, Florida Grasshopper Endan gered Bird No (Ammodramus savannarum floridanus) Terrestrial Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No (Mycteria americana) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded Endangered Bird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial Bankclimber, Purple Threatened Bivalve No (Ellip toideus sloatianus) Freshwater Mussel, Gulf Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve No (Medionidus penicillatus) Freshwater Mussel, Ochlockonee Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve No (Medionidus simpsonianus) Freshwater Mussel, Oval Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema pyriforme) Freshwater Mussel, Shiny

- rayed Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis subangulata) Freshwater Slabshell, Chipola Threatened Bivalve No (Elliptio chipolaensis) Freshwater Threeridge, Fat (Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Amblema neislerii) Freshwater

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## Florida ( 92) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Torreya, Florida Endangered Conf/cycds No (Torreya taxifolia) Terrestrial Shrimp, Squirrel Chimney Cave Threatened Crustacean No (Palaemonetes cummingi) Freshwater, Subterraneous Aster, Florida Golden Endangered Dicot No (Chrysopsis floridana) Terrestrial Bellflower, Brooksville Endangered Dicot No (Campanula robinsiae) Terrestrial Birds

- in

- a - nest, W hite Threatened Dicot No ( Macbridea alba) Terrestrial Blazing Star, Scrub Endangered Dicot No (Liatris ohlingerae) Terrestrial Bonamia, Florida Threatened Dicot No (Bonamia grandiflora) Terrestrial Buckwheat, Scrub Threatened Dicot No (Eriogonum longifolium var. gnaphalifolium) Terrestrial Butterwort, Godfrey's Threatened Dicot No (Pinguicula ionantha) Terrestrial, Freshwater Campion, Fringed Endangered Dicot No (Silene polypetala) Terrestrial Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No (Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial Fri nge Tree, Pygmy Endangered Dicot No (Chionanthus pygmaeus) Terrestrial Gooseberry, Miccosukee Threatened Dicot No (Ribes echinellum) Terrestrial Gourd, Okeechobee Endangered Dicot No (Cucurbita okeechobeensis ssp. okeechobeensis) Terrestrial Harebell s, Avon Park Endangered Dicot No (Crotalaria avonensis) Terrestrial Hypericum, Highlands Scrub Endangered Dicot No (Hypericum cumulicola) Terrestrial Jacquemontia, Beach Endangered Dicot No (Jacquemontia reclinata) Terrestrial, Coastal (neritic) Lead

- plant, Crenulate Endangered Dicot No (Amorpha crenulata) Terrestrial Lupine, Scrub Endangered Dicot No (Lupinus aridorum) Terrestrial Meadowrue, Cooley's Endangered Dicot No (Thalictrum cooleyi) Terrestrial Milkpea, Small's Endangered Dicot No (Galactia smallii) Terrestrial

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## Florida ( 92) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Mint, Garrett's Endangered Dicot No (Dicerandra christmanii) Terrestrial Mint, Lakela's Endangered Dicot No (Dicerandra immaculata) Terrestrial Mint, Longspurred Endangered Dicot No (Dicerandra cornutissima) Terrestrial Mint, Scrub Endangered Dicot No (Dicerandra frutescens) Terrestrial Mustard, Carter's Endangered Dicot No (Warea carteri) Terrestrial Pawpaw, Beautiful Endang ered Dicot No (Deeringothamnus pulchellus) Terrestrial Pawpaw, Four

- petal Endangered Dicot No (Asimina tetramera) Terrestrial Pawpaw, Rugel's Endangered Dicot No (Deeringothamnus rugelii) Terrestrial Pinkroot, Gentian Endangered Dicot No (Spigelia gentianoides) Terrestrial Plum, Scrub Endangered Dicot No (Prunus geniculata) Terrestrial Polygala, Lewton's Endangered Dicot No (Polygala lewtonii) Terrestrial Polygala, Tiny Endangered Dicot No (Polygala smallii) Terrestrial Rhododendron, Chapman E ndangered Dicot No (Rhododendron chapmanii) Terrestrial Rosemary, Apalachicola Endangered Dicot No (Conradina glabra) Terrestrial Rosemary, Etonia Endangered Dicot No (Conradina etonia) Terrestrial Rosemary, Short

- leaved Endangered Dicot No (Conradi na brevifolia) Terrestrial Sandlace Endangered Dicot No (Polygonella myriophylla) Terrestrial Skullcap, Florida Threatened Dicot No (Scutellaria floridana) Terrestrial Snakeroot Endangered Dicot No (Eryngium cuneifolium) Terrestrial Spurge, Deltoid Endangered Dicot No (Chamaesyce deltoidea ssp. deltoidea) Terrestrial Spurge, Garber's Threatened Dicot No (Chamaesyce garberi) Terrestrial

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## Florida ( 92) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Spurge, Telephus Threatened Dicot No (Euphorbia telephioides) Terrestrial Wa rea, W ide

- leaf Endangered Dicot No (Warea amplexifolia) Terrestrial Water

-willow, Cooley's Endangered Dicot No (Justicia cooleyi) Terrestrial Wh itlow

-wort, Papery Threatened Dicot No (Paronychia chartacea) Terrestrial Wi ngs, Pigeon Threatened Dicot No (Clitoria fragrans) Terrestrial Wi reweed Endangered Dicot No (Polygonella basiramia) Terrestrial Ziziphus, Florida Endangered Dicot No (Ziz iphus celata) Terrestrial Darter, Okaloosa Enda ngered Fish No (Etheostoma okaloosae) Freshwater Sawfish, Smalltooth Endangered Fish No (Pristis pectinata) Saltwater, Freshwater Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered F ish No (Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater Butterfly, Schaus Swallowtail Endangered Insect No (Heraclides aristodemus ponceanus) Terrestrial Cladonia, Florida Perforate Endangered Lichen No (Cladonia perforata) Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endang ered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Mouse, Choctawhatchee Beach Endangered Mammal Yes (Peromyscus polionotus allophrys) Coastal (neritic), Terrest rial Mouse, Perdido Key Beach Endangered Mammal Yes (Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis) Coastal (neritic) Mouse, Southeastern Beach Threatened Mammal No (Peromyscus polionotus niveiventris) Coastal (neritic), Terrestrial Panther, Florida Endangered Mammal No (Puma (=Felis) concolor coryi) Terrestrial Vole, Florida Salt Marsh Endangered Mammal No (Microtus pennsylvanicus dukecampbelli) Terrestrial, Brackish Manatee, W est Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes (Trichechus manatus) Saltwater

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## Florida ( 92) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Beargrass, Britton's Endangered Monocot No (Nolina brittoniana) Terrestrial Beauty, Harper's Endangered Monocot No (Harperocallis flava) Freshwater, Terrestrial Seagra ss, Johnson's Threatened Monocot Yes (Halophila johnsonii) Coastal (neritic), Saltwater Crocodile, American Threatened Reptile Yes (Crocodylus acutus) Terrestrial, Freshwater Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No (Chelonia mydas) Saltwater Sea turt le, hawksbill Endangered Reptile Yes (Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No (Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater Sea turtle, leatherback Endangered Reptile Yes (Dermochelys coriacea) Saltwater Sea turtle, logger head Threatened Reptile No (Caretta caretta) Saltwater Skink, Blue

-tailed Mole Threatened Reptile No (Eumeces egregius lividus) Terrestrial Skink, Sand Threatened Reptile No (Neoseps reynoldsi) Terrestrial Snake, Atlantic Salt Marsh Threatened Reptil e No (Nerodia clarkii taeniata) Saltwater, Terrestrial, Brackish Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No (Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial 

## Georgia ( 56) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Salamander, Flatwoods Threatened Amphibian No (Ambystoma cingulatum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No (Mycteria americana) Terrestrial Wa rbler (=W ood), Kirtland's Endangered Bird No (Dendroica kirtlandii

) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded Endangered Bird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial Bankclimber, Purple Threatened Bivalve No (Elliptoideus sloatianus) Freshwater Combshell, Upland Endangered Bivalve Yes (Epioblasma metastriata) Freshwater Fan shell Endangered Bivalve No (Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater
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## Georgia ( 56) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Kidneyshell, Triangular Endangered Bivalve Yes (Ptychobranchus greenii) Freshwater Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater Mussel, Acornshell Southern Endangered Bivalve Yes (Epioblasma othcaloogensis) Freshwater Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell Threatened Bivalve Yes (Medionidus acutissimus) Freshwater Mu ssel, Coosa Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Medionidus parvulus) Freshwater Mussel, Fine

- lined Pocketbook Threatened Bivalve Yes (Lampsilis altilis) Freshwater Mussel, Gulf Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve No (Medionidus penicillatus) Freshwater Mussel, Oval Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema pyriforme) Freshwater Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Pleurobema perovatum) Freshwater Mussel, Shiny

- rayed Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis subangulata) Freshwater Mus sel, Southern Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Pleurobema decisum) Freshwater Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve Yes (Pleurobema georgianum) Freshwater Threeridge, Fat (Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Amblema neislerii) Freshwater Torreya, Fl orida Endangered Conf/cycds No (Torreya taxifolia) Terrestrial Amphianthus, Little Threatened Dicot No (Amphianthus pusillus) Freshwater Barbara Buttons, Mohr's Threatened Dicot No (Marshallia mohrii) Terrestrial Campion, Fringed Endangered Dicot No (Silene polypetala) Terrestrial Dropwort, Canby's Endangered Dicot No (Oxypolis canbyi) Terrestrial, Freshwater Harperella Endangered Dicot No (Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater Pitcher

- plant, Green Endangered Dicot No (Sarracenia oreophila) Terrestria l, Freshwater Pondberry Endangered Dicot No (Lindera melissifolia) Terrestrial

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## Georgia ( 56) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Rattleweed, Hairy Endangered Dicot No (Baptisia arachnifera) Terrestrial Sku llcap, Large

-flowered Threatened Dicot No (Scutellaria montana) Terrestrial Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No (Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial Sumac, Michaux's Endangered Dicot No (Rhus michauxii) Terrestrial Quillwort, Black

- spored Endangered Fe rns No (Isoetes melanospora) Vernal pool Quillwort, Mat

-forming Endangered Ferns No (Isoetes tegetiformans) Vernal pool Darter, Amber Endangered Fish Yes (Percina antesella) Freshwater Darter, Cherokee Threatened Fish No (Etheostoma scotti) Freshwat er Darter, Etowah Endangered Fish No (Etheostoma etowahae) Freshwater Darter, Goldline Threatened Fish No (Percina aurolineata) Freshwater Logperch, Conasauga Endangered Fish Yes (Percina jenkinsi) Freshwater Shiner, Blue Threatened Fish No (Cyprin ella caerulea) Freshwater Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No (Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No (Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Virginia Big

- eared Endangered Mammal Yes (Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii virginianus) Terrestrial, Subterraneous Manatee, W est Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes (Trichechus manatus) Saltwater Grass, Tennessee Yellow

- eyed Endangered Monocot No (Xyris tennesseensis) Terrestrial Pink, Swamp Threatened Mo nocot No (Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater

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## Georgia ( 56) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial Trillium, Persistent Enda ngered Monocot No (Trillium persistens) Terrestrial Trillium, Relict Endangered Monocot No (Trillium reliquum) Terrestrial Water

- plantain, Kral's Threatened Monocot No (Sagittaria secundifolia) Freshwater Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No (Caretta caretta) Saltwater Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No (Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial 

## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Spider, Kauai Cave Wolf Endangered Arachnid Yes (Adelocosa anops) Terrestrial, Subterraneous 'Akepa, Hawaii Endangered Bird No (Loxops coccineus coccineus) Terrestrial 'Akepa, Maui Endangered Bird No (Loxops coccineus ochraceus) Terrestrial 'Akia Loa, Kauai (Hemignathus procerus) Endangered Bird No (Hemignathus procerus) Terrestrial 'Akia P ola'au (Hemignathus munroi) Endangered Bird No (Hemignathus munroi) Terrestrial Albatross, Short

-tailed Endangered Bird No (Phoebastria (=Diomedea) albatrus) Terrestrial, Saltwater Coot, Hawaiian (=Alae keo keo) Endangered Bird No (Fulica americana alai) Terrestrial Creeper, Hawaii Endangered Bird No (Oreomystis mana) Terrestrial Creeper, Molokai (Kakawahie) Endangered Bird No (Paroreomyza flammea) Terrestrial Creeper, Oahu (Alauwahio) Endangered Bird No (Paroreomyza maculata) Terrestrial Crow, Hawaiian ('Alala) Endangered Bird No (Corvus hawaiiensis) Terrestrial Duck, Hawaiian (Koloa) Endangered Bird No (Anas wyvilliana) Freshwater, Terrestrial Duck, Laysan Endangered Bird No (Anas laysanensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater Elepaio, Oahu Endange red Bird Yes (Chasiempis sandwichensis ibidis) Terrestrial Finch, Laysan Endangered Bird No (Telespyz

a cantans) Terrestrial
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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Finch, Nihoa Endangered Bird No (Telespyz

a ultima) Terrestrial Goose, Hawaiian (Nene) Endangered Bird No (Branta (=Nesochen) sandvicensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater Hawk, Hawaiian (Io) Endangered Bird No (Buteo solitarius) Terrestrial Honeycreeper, Crested ('Akohekohe) Endangered Bird No (Palmeria dolei) Terrestrial Kauai creeper Endangered Bird No (Oreomystis bairdi) Terrestrial Millerbird, Nihoa Endangered Bird No (Acrocephalus familiaris kingi) Terrestrial Moorhen, Hawaiian Common Endangered Bird No (Gallinula chloropus sandvicensis) Terrestrial Nuku Pu'u Endangered Bird No (Hemignathus lucidus) Terrestrial 'O'o, Kauai (='A'a) Endangered Bird No (Moho braccatus) Terrestrial 'O'u (Honeycreeper) Endangered Bird No (Psittirostra psittacea) Terrestrial Palila Endangered Bi rd Yes (Loxioides bailleui) Terrestrial Parrotbill, Maui Endangered Bird No (Pseudonestor xanthophrys) Terrestrial Petrel, Hawaiian Dark

- rumped Endangered Bird No (Pterodroma phaeopygia sandwichensis) Terrestrial Po'ouli Endangered Bird No (Melampro sops phaeosoma) Terrestrial Shearwater, Newell's Townsend's Threatened Bird No (Puffinus auricularis newelli) Terrestrial, Saltwater Stilt, Hawaiian (=Ae'o) Endangered Bird No (Himantopus mexicanus knudseni) Terrestrial Thrush, Large Kauai Endangered Bird No (Myadestes myadestinus) Terrestrial Thrush, Molokai (Oloma'o) Endangered Bird No (Myadestes lanaiensis rutha) Terrestrial Thrush, Small Kauai (Puaiohi) Endangered Bird No (Myadestes palmeri) Terrestrial Amphipod, Kauai Cave Endangered Crustac ean Yes (Spelaeorchestia koloana) Freshwater, Subterraneous (ncn) Endangered Dicot No (Keysseria erici) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat (ncn) Endangered Dicot No (Stenogyne ke aliae) Terrestrial (ncn) Endangered Dicot No (Keysseria helenae) Terrestrial (ncn) Endangered Dicot No (Schiedea attenuata) Terrestrial Abutilon eremitopetalum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Abutilon eremitopetalum) Terrestrial Abutilon sandwicense (nc n) Endangered Dicot Yes (Abutilon sandwicense) Terrestrial Achyranthes mutica (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Achyranthes mutica) Terrestrial Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata (ncn) Endangered Dicot No (Achyranthes splendens var. rotundata) Terrestrial A'e (Zanthoxylum dipetalum var. tomentosum) Endangered Dicot Yes (Zanthoxylum dipetalum var. tomentosum) Terrestrial A'e (Zanthoxylum hawaiiense) Endangered Dicot Yes (Zanthoxylum hawaiiense) Terrestrial 'Aiea (Nothocestrum breviflorum) Endangered Di cot Yes (Nothocestrum breviflorum) Terrestrial 'Aiea (Nothocestrum peltatum) Endangered Dicot Yes (Nothocestrum peltatum) Terrestrial Akoko Endangered Dicot No (Chamaesyce remyi var. kauaiensis) Terrestrial 'akoko Endangered Dicot No (Chamaesyce ele anoriae) Terrestrial 'Akoko (Chamaesyce celastroides var. kaenana) Endangered Dicot Yes (Chamaesyce celastroides var. kaenana) Terrestrial 'Akoko (Chamaesyce deppeana) Endangered Dicot Yes (Chamaesyce deppeana) Terrestrial 'Akoko (Chamaesyce herbstii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Chamaesyce herbstii) Terrestrial 'Akoko (Chamaesyce kuwaleana) Endangered Dicot Yes (Chamaesyce kuwaleana) Terrestrial 'Akoko (Chamaesyce rockii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Chamaesyce rockii) Terrestrial 'Akoko (Chamaesyce skottsbergii var. skottsbe Endangered Dicot No (Chamaesyce skottsbergii var. kalaeloana) Terrestrial 'Akoko (Euphorbia haeleeleana) Endangered Dicot Yes (Euphorbia haeleeleana) Terrestrial alani Endangered Dicot No (Melicope puberula) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat alani Endangered Dicot No (Melicope degeneri) Terrestrial alani Endangered Dicot No (Melicope paniculata) Terrestrial Alani (Melicope adscendens) Endangered Dicot Yes (Melicope adscendens) Terrestrial Alani (Melicope balloui) Endangered Dicot Yes (Melicope balloui) Terrestrial Alani (Melicope haupuensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Melicope haupuensis) Terrestrial Alani (Melicope knudsenii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Melicop e knudsenii) Terrestrial Alani (Melicope lydgatei) Endangered Dicot Yes (Melicope lydgatei) Terrestrial Alani (Melicope mucronulata) Endangered Dicot Yes (Melicope mucronulata) Terrestrial Alani (Melicope munroi) Endangered Dicot No (Melicope munroi) Terrestrial Alani (Melicope ovalis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Melicope ovalis) Terrestrial Alani (Melicope pallida) Endangered Dicot Yes (Melicope pallida) Terrestrial Alani (Melicope quadrangularis) Endangered Dicot No (Melicope quadrangularis) Terrest rial Alani (Melicope reflexa) Endangered Dicot Yes (Melicope reflexa) Terrestrial Alani (Melicope saint

-

johnii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Melicope saint

-

johnii) Terrestrial Alani (Melicope zahlbruckneri) Endangered Dicot Yes (Melicope z

ahlbruckneri) Terrestrial Alsinidendron obovatum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Alsinidendron obovatum) Terrestrial Alsinidendron trinerve (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Alsinidendron trinerve) Terrestrial Alsinidendron viscosum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Alsinidendron vis cosum) Terrestrial Amaranthus brownii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Amaranthus brownii) Terrestrial 'Anaunau (Lepidium arbuscula) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lepidium arbuscula) Terrestrial 'Anunu (Sicyos alba) Endangered Dicot Yes (Sicyos alba) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Aupaka (Isodendrion hosakae) Endangered Dicot Yes (Isodendrion hosakae) Terrestrial Aupaka (Isodendrion laurifolium) Endangered Dicot Yes (Isodendrion laurifolium) Terrestrial Aupaka (Isodendrion longifolium) Threatened Dicot Yes (Isodendrion longifolium) Terrestrial awikiwiki Endangered Dicot No (Canavalia napaliensis) Terrestrial 'Awikiwiki (Canavalia molokaiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Canavalia molo kaiensis) Terrestrial 'Awiwi (Centaurium sebaeoides) Endangered Dicot Yes (Centaurium sebaeoides) Terrestrial 'Awiwi (Hedyotis cookiana) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hedyotis cookiana) Terrestrial Bonamia menziesii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Bonamia menzie sii) Terrestrial Chamaesyce Halemanui (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Chamaesyce halemanui) Terrestrial Cyanea undulata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea undulata) Terrestrial Delissea rhytodisperma (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Delissea rhytidosperma) Te rrestrial Dubautia latifolia (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Dubautia latifolia) Terrestrial Dubautia pauciflorula (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Dubautia pauciflorula) Terrestrial Geranium, Hawaiian Red

-flowered Endangered Dicot Yes (Geranium arboreum) Ter restrial Gouania hillebrandii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Gouania hillebrandii) Terrestrial Gouania meyenii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Gouania meyenii) Terrestrial Gouania vitifolia (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Gouania vitifolia) Terrestrial haha En dangered Dicot No (Cyanea eleeleensis) Terrestrial Haha Endangered Dicot No (Cyanea kuhihewa) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea acuminata) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea acuminata) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea asarifolia) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea asarifolia) T errestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Haha (Cyanea copelandii ssp. copelandii) Endangered Dicot No (Cyanea copelandii ssp. copelandii) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea copelandii ssp. haleakal aensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea copelandii ssp. haleakalaensis) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea Crispa) (=Rollandia crispa) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea (=Rollandia) crispa) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea dunbarii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea dunbarii) Terre strial Haha (Cyanea glabra) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea glabra) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea grimesiana ssp. grimesiana) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea grimesiana ssp. grimesiana) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea grimesiana ssp. obatae) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyan ea grimesiana ssp. obatae) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. carlsonii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea hamatiflora carlsonii) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. hamatiflora) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea hamatiflora ssp. hamatiflora) Terres trial Haha (Cyanea humboldtiana) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea humboldtiana) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea koolauensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea koolauensis) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea longiflora) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea longiflora) Terrestrial Hah a (Cyanea Macrostegia var. gibsonii) Endangered Dicot No (Cyanea macrostegia ssp. gibsonii) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea mannii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea mannii) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea mceldowneyi) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea mceldowneyi) Terrestri al Haha (Cyanea pinnatifida) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea pinnatifida) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea platyphylla) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea platyphylla) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea procera) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea procera) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea recta) Threatened Dicot Yes (Cyanea recta) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea remyi) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea remyi) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea shipmanii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea shipmannii) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Haha (Cyanea stictophylla) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea stictophylla) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea St

- Johnii) (=Rollandia St

- Johnii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyanea st

-

johnii) Terrestrial Haha (Cyanea superba) Enda ngered Dicot Yes (Cyanea superba) Terrestrial Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra crenata) Endangered Dicot No (Cyrtandra crenata) Terrestrial Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra dentata) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyrtandra dentata) Terrestrial Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra giffardii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyrtandra giffardii) Terrestrial Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra limahuliensis) Threatened Dicot Yes (Cyrtandra limahuliensis) Terrestrial Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra munroi) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyrtandra munroi) Terrestrial Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra polyantha) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyrtandra polyantha) Terrestrial Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra subumbellata) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyrtandra subumbellata) Terrestrial Ha'Iwale (Cyrtandra tintinnabula) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyrtandra tintinnabula) Terrestrial Ha'Iwale (C yrtandra viridiflora) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyrtandra viridiflora) Terrestrial Haplostachys Haplostachya (ncn) Endangered Dicot No (Haplostachys haplostachya) Terrestrial Hau Kauhiwi (Hibiscadelphus woodi) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hibiscadelphus woodii) Terrestrial Hau Kuahiwi (Hibiscadelphus distans) Endangered Dicot No (Hibiscadelphus distans) Terrestrial Heau (Exocarpos luteolus) Endangered Dicot Yes (Exocarpos luteolus) Terrestrial Hedyotis degeneri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hedyotis degeneri) Terrestrial Hedyotis parvula (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hedyotis parvula) Terrestrial Hedyotis St.

- Johnii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hedyotis st.

-

johnii) Terrestrial Hesperomannia arborescens (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hesperomannia arborescens) Terrestrial Hesperomannia arbuscula (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hesperomannia arbuscula) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Hesperomannia lydgatei (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hesp eromannia lydgatei) Terrestrial Hibiscus, Clay's Endangered Dicot Yes (Hibiscus clayi) Terrestrial Hiiwale Endangered Dicot No (Cyrtandra oenobarba) Terrestrial ho'awa Endangered Dicot No (Pittosporum napaliense) Terrestrial Holei (Ochrosia kilaueae nsis) Endangered Dicot No (Ochrosia kilaueaensis) Terrestrial Iliau (Wilkesia hobdyi) Endangered Dicot Yes (Wilkesia hobdyi) Terrestrial kamakahala Endangered Dicot No (Labordia helleri) Terrestrial kamakahala Endangered Dicot No (Labordia pumila) T errestrial Kamakahala (Labordia cyrtandrae) Endangered Dicot Yes (Labordia cyrtandrae) Terrestrial Kamakahala (Labordia lydgatei) Endangered Dicot Yes (Labordia lydgatei) Terrestrial Kamakahala (Labordia tinifolia var. lanaiensis) Endangered Dicot No (Labordia tinifolia var. lanaiensis) Terrestrial Kamakahala (Labordia tinifolia var. wahiawaen) Endangered Dicot Yes (Labordia tinifolia var. wahiawaensis) Terrestrial Kamakahala (Labordia triflora) Endangered Dicot No (Labordia triflora) Terrestrial Kanaloa kahoolawensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Kanaloa kahoolawensis) Terrestrial Kauila (Colubrina oppositifolia) Endangered Dicot Yes (Colubrina oppositifolia) Terrestrial Kaulu (Pteralyxia kauaiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Pteralyxia kauaiensis

) Terrestrial Kio'Ele (Hedyotis coriacea) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hedyotis coriacea) Terrestrial Kiponapona (Phyllostegia racemosa) Endangered Dicot Yes (Phyllostegia racemosa) Terrestrial Koki'o (Kokia drynarioides) Endangered Dicot Yes (Kokia drynarioides) Terrestrial Koki'o (Kokia kauaiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Kokia kauaiensis) Terrestrial Koki'o Ke'oke'o (Hibiscus arnottianus ssp. immaculatus) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hibiscus arnottianus ssp. immaculatus) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Koki'o Ke'oke'o (Hibiscus waimeae ssp. hannerae) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hibiscus waimeae ssp. hannerae) Terrestrial kolea Endangered Dicot No (Myrsine mez

ii) Terrestrial Kolea (Myrsi ne juddii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Myrsine juddii) Terrestrial Kolea (Myrsine linearifolia) Threatened Dicot Yes (Myrsine linearifolia) Terrestrial Ko'oko'olau (Bidens micrantha ssp. kalealaha) Endangered Dicot Yes (Bidens micrantha ssp. kalealaha) Terrestrial Ko'oko'olau (Bidens wiebkei) Endangered Dicot Yes (Bidens wiebkei) Terrestrial Ko'oloa'ula (Abutilon menziesii) Endangered Dicot No (Abutilon menz

iesii) Terrestrial Kopa (Hedyotis schlechtendahliana var. remyi) Endangered Dicot No (Hedyotis s chlechtendahliana var. remyi) Terrestrial kopiko Endangered Dicot No (Psychotria hobdyi) Terrestrial kopiko Endangered Dicot No (Psychotria grandiflora) Terrestrial Kuawawaenohu (Alsinidendron lychnoides) Endangered Dicot Yes (Alsinidendron lychnoide s) Terrestrial Kulu'I (Nototrichium humile) Endangered Dicot Yes (Nototrichium humile) Terrestrial Laukahi Kuahiwi (Plantago hawaiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Plantago hawaiensis) Terrestrial Laukahi Kuahiwi (Plantago princeps) Endangered Dicot Yes ( Plantago princeps) Terrestrial Laulihilihi (Schiedea stellarioides) Endangered Dicot Yes (Schiedea stellarioides) Terrestrial lehua makanoe Endangered Dicot No (Lysimachia daphnoides) Terrestrial Lipochaeta venosa (ncn) Endangered Dicot No (Lipochaeta venosa) Terrestrial Lobelia monostachya (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lobelia monostachya) Terrestrial Lobelia niihauensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lobelia niihauensis) Terrestrial Lobelia oahuensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lobelia oahuensis) T errestrial Lysimachia filifolia (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lysimachia filifolia) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Lysimachia lydgatei (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lysimachia lyd

gatei) Terrestrial Lysimachia maxima (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lysimachia maxima) Terrestrial Mahoe (Alectryon macrococcus) Endangered Dicot Yes (Alectryon macrococcus) Terrestrial Makou (Peucedanum sandwicense) Threatened Dicot Yes (Peucedanum san dwicense) Terrestrial Ma'o Hau Hele (Hibiscus brackenridgei) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hibiscus brackenridgei) Terrestrial Ma'oli'oli (Schiedea apokremnos) Endangered Dicot Yes (Schiedea apokremnos) Terrestrial Ma'oli'oli (Schiedea kealiae) Endangered Dic ot Yes (Schiedea kealiae) Terrestrial Mapele (Cyrtandra cyaneoides) Endangered Dicot Yes (Cyrtandra cyaneoides) Terrestrial Mehamehame (Flueggea neowawraea) Endangered Dicot Yes (Flueggea neowawraea) Terrestrial Munroidendron racemosum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Munroidendron racemosum) Terrestrial na`ena`e Endangered Dicot No (Dubautia imbricata imbricata) Terrestrial na`ena`e Endangered Dicot No (Dubautia plantaginea magnifolia) Terrestrial Na`ena`e Endangered Dicot No (Dubautia waialealae) Terrestrial Na'ena'e (Dubautia herbstobatae) Endangered Dicot Yes (Dubautia herbstobatae) Terrestrial Na'ena'e (Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Dubautia plantaginea ssp. humilis) Terrestrial Nani W ai'ale'ale (Viola kauaensis var. wahiawaensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Viola kauaiensis var. wahiawaensis) Terrestrial Nanu (Gardenia mannii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Gardenia mannii) Terrestrial Na'u (Gardenia brighamii) Endangered Dicot No (Gardenia brighamii) Terrestrial Naupaka, Dwarf (Scaevola coriacea) Endangered Dicot No (Scaevola coriacea) Terrestrial Nehe (Lipochaeta fauriei) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lipochaeta fauriei) Terrestrial Nehe (Lipochaeta kamolensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lipochaeta kamolensis) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Nehe (Lipochaeta lobata var. leptophylla) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lipochaeta lobata var. leptophylla) Terrestrial Nehe (Lipochaeta micrantha) Endangered Dicot Yes (L ipochaeta micrantha) Terrestrial Nehe (Lipochaeta tenuifolia) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lipochaeta tenuifolia) Terrestrial Nehe (Lipochaeta waimeaensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lipochaeta waimeaensis) Terrestrial Neraudia angulata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Neraudia angulata) Terrestrial Neraudia ovata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Neraudia ovata) Terrestrial Neraudia sericea (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Neraudia sericea) Terrestrial Nioi (Eugenia koolauensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Eugenia koolauensis) Terrestrial nohoanu Endangered Dicot No (Geranium kauaiense) Terrestrial Nohoanu (Geranium multiflorum) Endangered Dicot Yes (Geranium multiflorum) Terrestrial 'Oha (Delissea rivularis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Delissea rivularis) Terrestrial 'Oha (Del issea subcordata) Endangered Dicot Yes (Delissea subcordata) Terrestrial 'Oha (Delissea undulata) Endangered Dicot Yes (Delissea undulata) Terrestrial 'Oha (Lobelia gaudichaudii koolauensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Lobelia gaudichaudii ssp. koolauensis) Terrestrial 'Oha W ai (Clermontia drepanomorpha) Endangered Dicot Yes (Clermontia drepanomorpha) Terrestrial 'Oha W ai (Clermontia lindseyana) Endangered Dicot Yes (Clermontia lindseyana) Terrestrial 'Oha W ai (Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. brevipes) End angered Dicot Yes (Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. brevipes) Terrestrial 'Oha W ai (Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. mauiensis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. mauiensis) Terrestrial 'Oha W ai (Clermontia peleana) Endangered Dicot Yes (Clerm ontia peleana) Terrestrial 'Oha W ai (Clermontia pyrularia) Endangered Dicot Yes (Clermontia pyrularia) Terrestrial 'Oha W ai (Clermontia samuelii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Clermontia samuelii) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat 'Ohai (Sesbania tomentosa) Endangered Dicot Yes (Sesbania tomentosa) Terrestrial 'Ohe'ohe (Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa) Endangered Dicot Yes (Tetraplasandra gymnocarpa) Terrestrial 'Olulu (Brighamia insignis) Endangered Dicot Yes (Brighamia insignis) Terrestrial Opuhe (Urera kaalae) Endangered Dicot Yes (Urera kaalae) Terrestrial Pamakani (Viola chamissoniana ssp. chamissoniana) Endangered Dicot Yes (Viola chamissoniana ssp. chamissoniana) Terrestrial Pa pala Endangered Dicot No (Charpentiera densiflora) Terrestrial Phyllostegia hirsuta (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Phyllostegia hirsuta) Terrestrial Phyllostegia kaalaensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Phyllostegia kaalaensis) Terrestrial Phyllostegia kn udsenii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Phyllostegia knudsenii) Terrestrial Phyllostegia mannii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Phyllostegia mannii) Terrestrial Phyllostegia mollis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Phyllostegia mollis) Terrestrial Phyllostegia par

viflora (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Phyllostegia parviflora) Terrestrial Phyllostegia velutina (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Phyllostegia velutina) Terrestrial Phyllostegia waimeae (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Phyllostegia waimeae) Terrestrial Phylloste gia warshaueri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Phyllostegia warshaueri) Terrestrial Phyllostegia wawrana (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Phyllostegia wawrana) Terrestrial Pilo (Hedyotis mannii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Hedyotis mannii) Terrestrial pilo kea lau li`i Endangered Dicot No (Platydesma rostrata) Terrestrial Po'e (Portulaca sclerocarpa) Endangered Dicot Yes (Portulaca sclerocarpa) Terrestrial Popolo 'Aiakeakua (Solanum sandwicense) Endangered Dicot Yes (Solanum sandwicense) Terrestrial Popolo Ku Mai (Solanum incompletum) Endangered Dicot Yes (Solanum incompletum) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Pua'ala (Brighamia rockii) Endangered Dicot Yes (Brighamia rockii) Terrestri al Remya kauaiensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Remya kauaiensis) Terrestrial Remya montgomeryi (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Remya montgomeryi) Terrestrial Remya, Maui Endangered Dicot Yes (Remya mauiensis) Terrestrial Sandalwood, Lanai (='Iliahi) En dangered Dicot No (Santalum freycinetianum var. lanaiense) Terrestrial Sanicula mariversa (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Sanicula mariversa) Terrestrial Sanicula purpurea (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Sanicula purpurea) Terrestrial Schiedea haleakalensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Schiedea haleakalensis) Terrestrial Schiedea helleri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Schiedea helleri) Terrestrial Schiedea hookeri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Schiedea hookeri) Terrestrial Schiedea kaalae (ncn) Endangered Dic ot Yes (Schiedea kaalae) Terrestrial Schiedea kauaiensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Schiedea kauaiensis) Terrestrial Schiedea lydgatei (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Schiedea lydgatei) Terrestrial Schiedea membranacea (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Schie dea membranacea) Terrestrial Schiedea nuttallii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Schiedea nuttallii) Terrestrial Schiedea sarmentosa (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Schiedea sarmentosa) Terrestrial Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Schiedea spergulina var. leiopoda) Terrestrial Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina (ncn) Threatened Dicot Yes (Schiedea spergulina var. spergulina) Terrestrial Schiedea verticillata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Schiedea verticillata) Terrestrial Schie dea, Diamond Head (Schiedea adamantis) Endangered Dicot No (Schiedea adamantis) Terrestrial Silene alexandri (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Silene alexandri) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critica l Habitat Silene hawaiiensis (ncn) Threatened Dicot Yes (Silene hawaiiensis) Terrestrial Silene lanceolata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Silene lanceolata) Terrestrial Silene perlmanii (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Silene perlmanii) Terrestrial Silversword, Haleakala ('Ahinahina) Threatened Dicot Yes (Argyroxiphium sandwicense ssp. macrocephalum) Terrestrial Silversword, Ka'u (Argyroxiphium kauense) Endangered Dicot Yes (Argyroxiphium kauense) Terrestrial Silversword, Mauna Kea ('Ahinahina) Endangere d Dicot No (Argyroxiphium sandwicense ssp. sandwicense) Terrestrial Spermolepis hawaiiensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Spermolepis hawaiiensis) Terrestrial Stenogyne angustifolia (ncn) Endangered Dicot No (Stenogyne angustifolia var. angustifolia) Te rrestrial Stenogyne bifida (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Stenogyne bifida) Terrestrial Stenogyne campanulata (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Stenogyne campanulata) Terrestrial Stenogyne kanehoana (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Stenogyne kanehoana) Terrestrial Tetramolopium arenarium (ncn) Endangered Dicot No (Tetramolopium arenarium) Terrestrial Tetramolopium capillare (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Tetramolopium capillare) Terrestrial Tetramolopium filiforme (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Tetramolopium filiforme) Terrestrial Tetramolopium lepidotum ssp. lepidotum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Tetramolopium lepidotum ssp. lepidotum) Terrestrial Tetramolopium remyi (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Tetramolopium remyi) Terrestrial Tetramolopium rockii (ncn) Threate ned Dicot Yes (Tetramolopium rockii) Coastal (neritic), Terrestrial Trematolobelia singularis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Trematolobelia singularis) Terrestrial Uhiuhi (Caesalpinia kavaiensis) Endangered Dicot No (Caesalpinia kavaiense) Terrestrial U lihi (Phyllostegia glabra var. lanaiensis) Endangered Dicot No (Phyllostegia glabra var. lanaiensis) Terrestrial Vetch, Hawaiian (Vicia menziesii) Endangered Dicot No (Vicia menz

iesii) Terrestrial

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### 99



## Hawai i ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Vigna o

-wahuensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Vigna o

- wahuensis) Terrestrial Viola helenae (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Viola helenae) Terrestrial Viola lanaiensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot No (Viola lanaiensis) Te rrestrial Viola oahuensis (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Viola oahuensis) Terrestrial Wa hine Noho Kula (Isodendrion pyrifolium) Endangered Dicot Yes (Isodendrion pyrifolium) Terrestrial Xylosma crenatum (ncn) Endangered Dicot Yes (Xylosma crenatum) Terrestrial Asplenium fragile var. insulare (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes (Asplenium fragile var. insulare) Terrestrial Diellia erecta (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes (Diellia erecta) Terrestrial Diellia falcata (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes (Diellia falcata) Terre strial Diellia pallida (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes (Diellia pallida) Terrestrial Diellia unisora (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes (Diellia unisora) Terrestrial Diplazium molokaiense (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes (Diplaz ium molokaiense) Terrestrial Fern, Penda nt Kihi (Adenophorus periens) Endangered Ferns Yes (Adenophorus periens) Terrestrial 'Ihi'Ihi (Marsilea villosa) Endangered Ferns Yes (Marsilea villosa) Vernal pool, Terrestrial Pauoa (Ctenitis squamigera) Endangered Ferns Yes (Ctenitis squamigera) Te rrestrial Pteris lidgatei (ncn) Endangered Ferns Yes (Pteris lidgatei) Terrestrial Wawae'Iole (Phlegmariurus (=Huperzia) mannii) Endangered Ferns Yes (Huperzia mannii) Terrestrial Wawae'Iole (Phlegmariurus (=Lycopodium) nutans) Endangered Ferns Yes ( Lycopodium (=Phlegmariurus) nutans) Terrestrial Snail, Newcomb's Threatened Gastropod Yes (Erinna newcombi) Freshwater Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella abbreviata) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella abbreviata) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinel la apexfulva) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella apexfulva) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella bellula) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella bellula) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella buddii) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella buddii) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella bulimoides) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella bulimoides) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella byron ii) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella byronii) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella caesia) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella caesia) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella casta) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella casta) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella cestus) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella cestus) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella concavospira) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella concavospira) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella curta) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella curta) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella decipiens) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella decipiens) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella decora) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella decora) Terrestrial Snai l, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella dimorpha) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella dimorpha) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella elegans) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella elegans) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella fulgens) Endangered Gastrop od No (Achatinella fulgens) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella fuscobasis) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella fuscobasis) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella juddii) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella juddii) Terrestrial Snail, O'a hu Tree (Achatinella juncea) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella juncea) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lehuiensis) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella lehuiensis) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella leucorraphe) Endangered Gastrop od No (Achatinella leucorraphe) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lila) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella lila) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella livida) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella livida) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella lorata) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella lorata) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella mustelina) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella mustelina) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella papyracea) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella papyracea) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella phaeozona) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella phaeoz

ona) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achat inella pulcherrima) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella pulcherrima) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella pupukanioe) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella pupukanioe) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella rosea) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella rosea) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella sowerbyana) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella sowerbyana) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella spaldingi) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella spaldingi) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tre e (Achatinella stewartii) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella stewartii) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella swiftii) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella swiftii) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella taeniolata) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella taeniolata) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella thaanumi) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella thaanumi) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tree (Achatinella turgida) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella turgida) Terrestrial Snail, O'ahu Tre e (Achatinella valida) Endangered Gastropod No (Achatinella valida) Terrestrial Hawaiian picture

-wing Fly Endangered Insect No (Drosophila sharpi) Terrestrial Moth, Blackburn's Sphinx Endangered Insect Yes (Manduca blackburni) Terrestrial Bat, Hawaii an Hoary Endangered Mammal No (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) Terrestrial, Subterraneous Seal, Hawaiian Monk Endangered Marine mml Yes (Monachus schauinslandi) Coastal (neritic), Saltwater Bluegrass, Hawaiian Endangered Monocot Yes (Poa sandvicensis) Terrestrial Bluegrass, Mann's (Poa mannii) Endangered Monocot Yes (Poa mannii) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Gahnia Lanaiensis (ncn) Endangered Monocot No (Gahnia lanaiensis) Ter restrial Grass, Fosberg's Love Endangered Monocot Yes (Eragrostis fosbergii) Terrestrial Hala Pepe (Pleomele hawaiiensis) Endangered Monocot Yes (Pleomele hawaiiensis) Terrestrial Hilo Ischaemum (Ischaemum byrone) Endangered Monocot Yes (Ischaemum by

rone) Terrestrial Kamanomano (Cenchrus agrimonioides) Endangered Monocot Yes (Cenchrus agrimonioides) Terrestrial Lau'ehu (Panicum niihauense) Endangered Monocot Yes (Panicum niihauense) Terrestrial lo`ulu Endangered Monocot No (Pritchardia hardyi) T errestrial Lo`ulu (Pritchardia affinis) Endangered Monocot No (Pritchardia affinis) Terrestrial Lo`ulu (Pritchardia kaalae) Endangered Monocot No (Pritchardia kaalae) Terrestrial Lo`ulu (Pritchardia munroi) Endangered Monocot Yes (Pritchardia munroi) Terrestrial Lo`ulu (Pritchardia napaliensis) Endangered Monocot No (Pritchardia napaliensis) Terrestrial Lo`ulu (Pritchardia remota) Endangered Monocot Yes (Pritchardia remota) Terrestrial Lo`ulu (Pritchardia schattaueri) Endangered Monocot No (Pritchardia schattaueri) Terrestrial Lo`ulu (Pritchardia viscosa) Endangered Monocot No (Pritchardia viscosa) Terrestrial Mariscus fauriei (ncn) Endangered Monocot Yes (Mariscus fauriei) Terrestrial Mariscus pennatiformis (ncn) Endangered Monocot Yes (Ma riscus pennatiformis) Terrestrial Pa'iniu Endangered Monocot No (Astelia waialealae) Terrestrial Panicgrass, Carter's (Panicum fauriei var.carteri) Endangered Monocot Yes (Panicum fauriei var. carteri) Terrestrial Platanthera holochila (ncn) Endangere d Monocot Yes (Platanthera holochila) Terrestrial Poa siphonoglossa (ncn) Endangered Monocot Yes (Poa siphonoglossa) Terrestrial Pu'uka'a (Cyperus trachysanthos) Endangered Monocot Yes (Cyperus trachysanthos) Terrestrial

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## Hawaii ( 375) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Wa hane (Pritchardia aylmer

- robinsonii) Endangered Monocot No (Pritchardia aylmer

-robinsonii) Terrestrial Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No (Chelonia mydas) Saltwater Sea turtle, h awksbill Endangered Reptile Yes (Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater 

## Idaho ( 20) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Crane, W hooping Endangered Bird Yes (Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater Catchfly, Spalding's Threatened Dicot No (Silene spaldingii) Te rrestrial Four

- o'clock, Macfarlane's Threatened Dicot No (Mirabilis macfarlanei) Terrestrial Howellia, W ater Threatened Dicot No (Howellia aquatilis) Freshwater Salmon, Chinook (Snake River Fall Run) Threatened Fish No (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawyts cha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish Salmon, Chinook (Snake River spring/summer) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater Salmon, Sockeye (Snake River population) Endangered Fish No (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater Steelhead, (Snake River Basin population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater Sturgeon, White Endangered Fish Yes (Acipenser transmontanus) Saltwater, Freshwater Tro ut, Bull Threatened Fish No (Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater Trout, Bull (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater Trout, Bull (Klamath River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwa ter Limpet, Banbury Springs Endangered Gastropod No (Lanx sp.) Freshwater Snail, Bliss Rapids Threatened Gastropod No (Taylorconcha serpenticola) Freshwater Snail, Snake River Physa Endangered Gastropod No (Physa natricina) Terrestrial Snail, Utah V alvata Endangered Gastropod No (Valvata utahensis) Terrestrial Springsnail, Bruneau Hot Endangered Gastropod No (Pyrgulopsis bruneauensis) Freshwater Bear, Grizzly Threatened Mammal No (Ursus arctos horribilis) Terrestrial
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## Idaho ( 20) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Caribou, W oodland Endangered Mammal No (Rangifer tarandus caribou) Terrestrial Squirrel, Northern Idaho Ground Threatened Mammal No (Spermophilus brunneus brunneus) Terrestrial 

## Illinois ( 24) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No (Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No (Potamilus capax) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater P earlymussel, Orange

-footed Endangered Bivalve No (Plethobasus cooperianus) Freshwater Pearlymussel, White Wartyback Endangered Bivalve No (Plethobasus cicatricosus) Freshwater Amphipod, Illinois Cave Endangered Crustacean No (Gammarus acherondytes) Su bterraneous, Freshwater Aster, Decurrent False Threatened Dicot No (Boltonia decurrens) Terrestrial, Freshwater Clover, Leafy Prairie Endangered Dicot No (Dalea foliosa) Terrestrial Clover, Prairie Bush Threatened Dicot No (Lespedez

a leptostachya) Te rrestrial Daisy, Lakeside Threatened Dicot No (Hymenoxys herbacea) Freshwater Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No (Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial Potato

- bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No (Apios priceana) Terrestrial Thistle, Pitcher's Threatened Dic ot No (Cirsium pitcheri) Terrestrial Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No (Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater Snail, Iowa Pleistocene Endangered Gastropod No (Discus macclintocki) Terrestrial Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial
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## Illinois ( 24) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Endangered Insect Yes (Somatochlora hineana) Freshwater, Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myo tis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Mono cot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial 

## Indiana ( 20) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No (Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) End angered Bivalve No (Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater Mussel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema clava) Freshwater Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Endangered Bivalve No (Obovaria retusa) Freshwater Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No (Potamilus capax) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Tubercled

- blossom Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) Freshwater Pearlymussel, White Cat's Paw Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua) Freshwater Pearlymussel, White Wartyback Endangered Bivalve No (Plethobasus cicatricosus) Freshwater Riffleshell, Northern Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) Freshwater Clover, Running B uffalo Endangered Dicot No (Trifolium stoloniferum) Terrestrial Goldenrod, Short's Endangered Dicot No (Solidago shortii) Terrestrial Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No (Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial Thistle, Pitcher's Threatened Dicot No (Cirsium pitcheri) Terrestrial Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial
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## Indiana ( 20) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Endangered Insect No (Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Snake, Northern Copperbelly Water Threatened Re ptile No (Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) Freshwater, Terrestrial 

## Iowa ( 14) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum) T errestrial Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No (Potamilus capax) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater Clover, Prairie Bush Threatened Dicot No (Lespedez

a leptostachya) Terrestrial Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No (Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial Monkshood, Northern Wild Threatened Dicot No (Aconitum noveboracense) Terrestrial Fern, American hart's

-tongue Threatened Ferns No (Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum) Terrestr ial Shiner, Topeka Endangered Fish Yes (Notropis topeka (=tristis)) Freshwater Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No (Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater Snail, Iowa Pleistocene Endangered Gastropod No (Discus macclintocki) Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endan gered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial Orchid, W estern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial 

## Kansas ( 12) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Crane, W hooping Endangered Bird Yes (Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial

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## Kansas ( 12) species : Taxa Critical Habitat Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No (Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial Madtom, Neosho Threatened Fish No (Noturus placidus) Freshwater Shiner, Arkansas River Threatened Fish Yes (Notropis girardi) Freshwater Shiner, Topeka Endangered Fish Yes (Notropis topeka (=tristis)) Freshwater Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No (Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater Beetle, American Burying Endangered Inse ct No (Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Ferret, Black

-footed Endangered Mammal No (Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial Orchid, W estern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No ( Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial 

## Kentucky ( 48) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial Wa rbler (=W ood), Kirtland's Endangered Bird No (Dendroica kirtlandii) Terrestrial Wa rbler, Bachman's Endangered Bird No (Vermivora bachmanii) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Ivory

- billed Endangered Bird No (Campephilus principalis) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded Endan gered Bird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No (Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater Mussel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema clava) Freshwater Mussel, Cumberland Combshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Epioblasma brevidens) Freshwater Mussel, Cumberland Elktoe Endangered Bivalve Yes (Alasmidonta atropurpurea) Freshwater
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## Kentucky ( 48) s pecies: Taxa Critical Habitat Mussel, Oyster Endangered Bivalve Yes (Epioblasma capsaeformis) Freshwater Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Endangered Bivalve No (Obovaria retusa) Freshwater Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater Mussel, W inged Mapleleaf Endangered Bivalve No (Quadrula fragosa) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Appalachian Monkeyface Endangered Bivalve No (Quadrula sparsa) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Cracking Endangered Bivalve No (Hemistena lata) Fres hwater Pearlymussel, Cumberland Bean Endangered Bivalve No (Villosa trabalis) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Dromedary Endangered Bivalve No (Dromus dromas) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No (Potamilus capax) Freshwater Pearlym ussel, Little

-wing Endangered Bivalve No (Pegias fabula) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Orange

-footed Endangered Bivalve No (Plethobasus cooperianus) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Purple Cat's Paw Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma obliquata obliquata) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Tubercled

- blossom Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) Freshwater Pearlymussel, White Wartyback Endangered Bivalve No (Plethobasus cicatricosus) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Yellow

- blossom Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma florentina florentina) Freshwater Riffleshell, Northern Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) Freshwater Riffleshell, Tan Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma florentina walkeri (=E. walkeri)) Freshwater Shrimp, Kentucky Cave Endangered Cr ustacean Yes (Palaemonias ganteri) Freshwater Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No (Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial Clover, Running Buffalo Endangered Dicot No (Trifolium stoloniferum) Terrestrial Goldenrod, Short's Endangered Dicot No (Solidago shortii) Terrestrial

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## Kentucky ( 48) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Goldenrod, W hite

- haired Threatened Dicot No (Solidago albopilosa) Terrestrial Potato

- bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No (Apios pricean a) Terrestrial Rock

- cress, Large (=Braun's) Endangered Dicot Yes (Arabis perstellata E. L. Braun var. ampla Rollins) Terrestrial Rock

- cress, Small Endangered Dicot Yes (Arabis perstellata E. L. Braun var. perstellata Fernald) Terrestrial Rosemary, Cum berland Threatened Dicot No (Conradina verticillata) Terrestrial Sandwort, Cumberland Endangered Dicot No (Arenaria cumberlandensis) Terrestrial Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No (Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial Dace, Blackside Threatened Fish No (Phoxinus cumberlandensis) Freshwater Darter, Bluemask (=jewel) Endangered Fish No (Etheostoma /) Freshwater Darter, Relict Endangered Fish No (Etheostoma chienense) Freshwater Shiner, Palezone Endangered Fish No (Notropis albizonatus) Freshwater Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No (Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No (Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endang ered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Virginia Big

- eared Endangered Mammal Yes (Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii virginianus) Terrestrial, Subterraneous 

## Louisiana ( 21) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endang ered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, California Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum browni) Terrestrial Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded Endangered B ird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater
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## Louisiana ( 21) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Mussel, Heelsplitter Inflated Thre atened Bivalve No (Potamilus inflatus) Freshwater Pearlshell, Louisiana Threatened Bivalve No (Margaritifera hembeli) Freshwater Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No (Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial Fruit, Earth (=geocarpon) Threatened Dicot No (Geocarpon minimum) Terrestrial Quillwort, Louisiana Endangered Ferns No (Isoetes louisianensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No (Scap hirhynchus albus) Freshwater Bear, Louisiana Black Threatened Mammal No (Ursus americanus luteolus) Terrestrial Manatee, W est Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes (Trichechus manatus) Saltwater Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No (Chelonia mydas) Sal twater Sea turtle, hawksbill Endangered Reptile Yes (Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No (Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater Sea turtle, leatherback Endangered Reptile Yes (Dermochelys coriacea) Saltwater Se a turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No (Caretta caretta) Saltwater Tortoise, Gopher Threatened Reptile No (Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial Turtle, Ringed Sawback Threatened Reptile No (Graptemys oculifera) Freshwater, Terrestrial 

## Maine ( 8) spec ies: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, Roseate Endangered Bird No (Sterna dougallii dougallii) Terrestrial Lousewort, Furbish Endangered Dicot No (Pedicularis furbishiae) Terrestrial Salm on, Atlantic Endangered Fish No (Salmo salar) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No (Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater
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## Maine ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habi tat Lynx, Canada Threatened Mammal No (Lynx canadensis) Terrestrial Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial 

## Maryland ( 14) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No (Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater Dropwort, Canby's Endangered Dicot No (Oxypolis canbyi) Terrestrial, F reshwater Gerardia, Sandplain Endangered Dicot No (Agalinis acuta) Terrestrial Harperella Endangered Dicot No (Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater Darter, Maryland Endangered Fish Yes (Etheostoma sellare) Freshwater Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No (Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater Beetle, Northeastern Beach Tiger Threatened Insect No (Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis) Terrestrial Beetle, Puritan Tiger Threatened Insect No (Cicindela puritana) Terrestrial, Coastal (neritic) Bat, Indian a Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Squirrel, Delmarva Peninsula Fox Endangered Mammal No (Sciurus niger cinereus) Terrestrial Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Endangered Monocot No (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) Terrestrial, Freshwater Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No (Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No (Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater 

## Massachusetts ( 12) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, Roseate Endangered Bird No (Sterna dougallii dougallii) Terrestrial Gerardia, Sandplain Endangered Dicot No (Agalinis acuta) Terrestrial

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## Massachusetts ( 12) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No (Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No (Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial Beetle, Northeaster n Beach Tiger Threatened Insect No (Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis) Terrestrial Beetle, Puritan Tiger Threatened Insect No (Cicindela puritana) Terrestrial, Coastal (neritic) Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Endangered Monocot No (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) Terrestrial, Freshwater Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No (Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater Turtle, Plymouth Red

- bellied Endangered Reptile Yes (Pseudemys rubriventris bangsi) Terrestrial, Freshwater 

## Michigan ( 17) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Wa rbler (=W ood), Kirtland's Endangered Bird No (Dendroica kirtlandii) Terrestrial Mussel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema clava) Freshwater Riffleshell, Northern Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) Freshwat er Goldenrod, Houghton's Threatened Dicot No (Solidago houghtonii) Terrestrial Monkey

-flower, Michigan Endangered Dicot No (Mimulus glabratus var. michiganensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater Thistle, Pitcher's Threatened Dicot No (Cirsium pitcheri) Terres trial Beetle, Hungerford's Crawling Water Endangered Insect No (Brychius hungerfordi) Freshwater Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Endangered Insect No (Neonympha mitchell

ii mitchellii) Terrestrial Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Endangered Insect Yes (Somatochlora hineana) Freshwater, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial
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## Michigan ( 17) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Lynx, Canada Threatened Mammal No (Lynx canadensis) Terrestrial Iris, Dwarf Lake Threatened Monocot No (Iris lacustris) Terrestrial Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial Snake, Northern Copperbelly Water Threatened Reptile No (Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) Freshwater, Terrestrial 

## Minnesota ( 10) species: Taxa Critical H abitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Mussel, W inged Mapleleaf Endangered Bivalve No (Quadrula fragosa) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater Clover, Prairie Bush Threatened Dicot No (Lespedez

a leptostachya) Terrestrial Roseroot, Leedy's Threatened Dicot No (Sedum integrifolium ssp. leedyi) Terrestrial Shiner, Topeka Endangered Fish Yes (Notropis topeka (=tristis)) Freshwater Butterfly, Karner Blue Endan gered Insect No (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial Lynx, Canada Threatened Mammal No (Lynx canadensis) Terrestrial Lily, Minnesota Trout Endangered Monocot No (Erythronium propullans) Terrestrial Orchid, W estern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monoc ot No (Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial 

## Mississippi ( 30) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Frog, Dusky Gopher (Mississippi DPS) Endangered Amphibian No (Rana capito sevosa) Terrestrial, Freshwater Crane, Mississippi Sandhill Endangered Bird Yes (Grus canadensis pulla) Terrestrial, Freshwater Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded Endangered Bird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

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## Mississippi ( 30) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Combshell, Southern (=Penitent mussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma penita) Freshwater Mucket, Orangenacre Threatened Bivalve Yes (Lampsilis perovalis) Freshwater Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell Threatened Bivalve Yes (Medionidus acutissimus) Freshwater Mussel, Black (=Curtus' Mussel) Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema curtum) Freshwater Mussel, Heavy Pigtoe (=Judge Tait's Mussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema taitianum) Freshwater Mussel, Heelsplitter Inflated Threatened Bivalve No (Potamilus inflatus) Freshwater Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Pleurobema perovatum) Freshwater Mussel, Southe rn Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Pleurobema decisum) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No (Potamilus capax) Freshwater Pondberry Endangered Dicot No (Lindera melissifolia) Terrestrial Potato

- bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No (Apios priceana) Terrestrial Quillwort, Louisiana Endangered Ferns No (Isoetes louisianensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial Darter, Bayou Threatened Fish No (Etheostoma rubrum) Freshwater Sturgeon, Gulf Threatened Fish Yes (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No (Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestria l Bear, Louisiana Black Threatened Mammal No (Ursus americanus luteolus) Terrestrial Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No (Chelonia mydas) Saltwater Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No (Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater Sea turtle, logge rhead Threatened Reptile No (Caretta caretta) Saltwater

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## Mississippi ( 30) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No (Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial Tortoise, Go pher Threatened Reptile No (Gopherus polyphemus) Terrestrial Turtle, Ringed Sawback Threatened Reptile No (Graptemys oculifera) Freshwater, Terrestrial Turtle, Yellow

- blotched Map Threatened Reptile No (Graptemys flavimaculata) Freshwater, Terrestrial 

## Missouri ( 29) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater Mussel, Scaleshell Endangered Bivalve No (Leptodea leptodon) Freshwater Mussel, W inged Mapleleaf Endangered Bivalve No (Quadrula fragosa) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Curtis' Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma florentina curtisii) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Fat Pocketbook Endangered Bivalve No (Potamilus capax) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater Crayfish, Cave (Cambarus aculabrum) Endangered Crustacean No (Cambarus aculabrum) Freshwater Aster, Decurrent False Threatened Dicot No (Boltonia decurrens) Terrestrial, Freshwater Bladderpod, Missouri Threatened Dicot No (Lesquerella filiformis) Terrestrial Clover, Running Buffalo Endangered Dicot No (Trifolium stolo niferum) Terrestrial Fruit, Earth (=geocarpon) Threatened Dicot No (Geocarpon minimum) Terrestrial Milkweed, Mead's Threatened Dicot No (Asclepias meadii) Terrestrial Pondberry Endangered Dicot No (Lindera melissifolia) Terrestrial Sneezeweed, Virgi nia Threatened Dicot No (Helenium virginicum) Vernal pool Cavefish, Ozark Threatened Fish No (Amblyopsis rosae) Freshwater
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## Missouri ( 29) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Chub, Humpback Endangered Fish Y es (Gila cypha) Freshwater Darter, Niangua Threatened Fish Yes (Etheostoma nianguae) Freshwater Madtom, Neosho Threatened Fish No (Noturus placidus) Freshwater Shiner, Topeka Endangered Fish Yes (Notropis topeka (=tristis)) Freshwater Sturgeon, Gul f Threatened Fish Yes (Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi) Saltwater, Freshwater Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No (Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater Cavesnail, Tumbling Creek Endangered Gastropod No (Antrobia culveri) Subterraneous, Freshwater Beetle, Am erican Burying Endangered Insect No (Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Endangered Insect Yes (Somatochlora hineana) Freshwater, Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Orchid, W estern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial 

## Montana ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Catchfly, Spalding's Threatened Dicot No (Silene spaldingii) Terrestrial Howellia, W ater Threatened Dicot No (Howellia aquatilis) Freshwater Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No (Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No (Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater Trout, Bull (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater Trout, Bull (Klamath River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater Bear, Grizzly Threatened Mammal No (Ursus arctos horribilis) Terrestrial Ferret, Black

-footed Endangered Mammal No (Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial 

## Nebraska ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

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## Nebraska ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Crane, W hooping Endangered Bird Yes (Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial Penstemon, Blowout Endangered Dicot No (Penstemon hayden ii) Terrestrial Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No (Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater Beetle, Salt Creek Tiger Endangered Insect No (Cicindela nevadica lincolniana) Terrestrial Ferret, Black

-footed Endangered Mammal No (Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial Orchid, W estern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial 

## Nevada ( 29) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes (Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial Rail, Yuma Clapper Enda ngered Bird No (Rallus longirostris yumanensis) Terrestrial Blazing Star, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes (Mentzelia leucophylla) Terrestrial Centaury, Spring

- loving Threatened Dicot Yes (Centaurium namophilum) Terrestrial Gumplant, Ash Meadows Thre atened Dicot Yes (Grindelia fraxino

-

pratensis) Terrestrial Ivesia, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes (Ivesia kingii var. eremica) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes (Astragalus phoenix) Terrestrial Niterwort, Amargosa Endangered Dicot Yes (Nitrophila mohavensis) Terrestrial Sunray, Ash Meadows Threatened Dicot Yes (Enceliopsis nudicaulis var. corrugata) Terrestrial Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes (Gila elegans) Freshwater Chub, Pahranagat Roundtail Endangered Fish No (Gi la robusta jordani) Freshwater Chub, Virgin River Endangered Fish Yes (Gila seminuda (=robusta)) Freshwater Dace, Ash Meadows Speckled Endangered Fish Yes (Rhinichthys osculus nevadensis) Freshwater
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## Ne vada ( 29) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Dace, Moapa Endangered Fish No (Moapa coriacea) Freshwater Poolfish, Pahrump (= Pahrump Killifish) Endangered Fish No (Empetrichthys latos) Freshwater Pupfish, Ash Meadows Amargosa Endangered Fish Yes (Cyprin odon nevadensis mionectes) Freshwater Pupfish, Devils Hole Endangered Fish No (Cyprinodon diabolis) Freshwater Pupfish, W arm Springs Endangered Fish No (Cyprinodon nevadensis pectoralis) Freshwater Spinedace, Big Spring Threatened Fish Yes (Lepidomed

a mollispinis pratensis) Freshwater Spinedace, W hite River Endangered Fish Yes (Lepidomeda albivallis) Freshwater Springfish, Hiko White River Endangered Fish Yes (Crenichthys baileyi grandis) Freshwater Springfish, Railroad Valley Threatened Fish Yes (Crenichthys nevadae) Freshwater Springfish, White River Endangered Fish Yes (Crenichthys baileyi baileyi) Freshwater Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes (Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Threatened Fish No (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) Freshwater Wo undfin Endangered Fish Yes (Plagopterus argentissimus) Freshwater Naucorid, Ash Meadows Threatened Insect Yes (Ambrysus amargosus) Terrestrial Ladies'

-tresses, Ute Threatened Monocot No (Spiranthes diluvialis) Terrestrial Tortoise, Desert Threatened Reptile Yes (Gopherus agassiz

ii) Terrestrial 

## New Hampshire ( 4) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No (Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No (Lyca eides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial 

## New Jersey ( 10) species: Taxa Critical Habitat

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## New Jersey ( 10) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Curlew, Eskimo Endangered Bird No (Numenius borealis) Terrestrial Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Chaffseed, American Endange red Dicot No (Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial Joint

-vetch, Sensitive Threatened Dicot No (Aeschynomene virginica) Terrestrial, Brackish Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No (Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater Bat, Indiana Endangered Mam mal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Beaked

- rush, Knieskern's Threatened Monocot No (Rhynchospora knieskernii) Terrestrial Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No (Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened M onocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No (Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater 

## New Mexico ( 45) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Frog, Chiricahua Leopard Threatened Amphibian No (Rana chiricahuensis) Freshwater, Terrestrial Crane, W hooping Endangered Bird Yes (Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater Falcon, Northern Aplomado Endangered Bird No (Falco femoralis septentrionalis) Terrestrial Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes (Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes (Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrestrial Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird N o (Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial Amphipod, Noel's Endangered Crustacean No (Gammarus desperatus) Freshwater Isopod, Socorro Endangered Crustacean No (Thermosphaeroma thermophilus) Freshwater Cactus, Knowlton Endangered Dicot No (Pediocactus knowltonii) Terrestrial Cactus, Kuenzler Hedgehog Endangered Dicot No (Echinocereus fendleri var. kuenz leri) Terrestrial
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## New Mexico ( 45) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Cactus, Lee Pincushion Threatened Dicot No (Coryphantha sneedii var. leei) Terrestrial Cactus, Mesa Verde Threatened Dicot No (Sclerocactus mesae

- verdae) Terrestrial Cactus, Sneed Pincushion Endangered Dicot No (Coryphantha sneedii var. sneedii) Terrestrial Fleabane, Zuni Threatened Dicot No (Erigeron rhiz

omatus) Terrestrial Ipomopsis, Holy Ghost Endangered Dicot No (Ipomopsis sancti

-spiritus) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Mancos Endangered Dicot No (Astragalus humillimus) Terrestrial Pennyroyal, Todsen's Endangered Dicot Yes (Hedeoma tods enii) Terrestrial Poppy, Sacramento Prickly Endangered Dicot No (Argemone pleiacantha ssp. pinnatisecta) Terrestrial Sunflower, Pecos Threatened Dicot No (Helianthus paradoxus) Terrestrial, Freshwater Thistle, Sacramento Mountains Threatened Dicot No (Cirsium vinaceum) Terrestrial Wi ld

- buckwheat, Gypsum Threatened Dicot Yes (Eriogonum gypsophilum) Terrestrial Chub, Chihuahua Threatened Fish No (Gila nigrescens) Freshwater Chub, Gila Endangered Fish Yes (Gila intermedia) Freshwater Gambusia, Pec os Endangered Fish No (Gambusia nobilis) Freshwater Minnow, Loach Threatened Fish Yes (Tiaroga cobitis) Freshwater Minnow, Rio Grande Silvery Endangered Fish Yes (Hybognathus amarus) Freshwater Shiner, Arkansas River Threatened Fish Yes (Notropis gi

rardi) Freshwater Shiner, Beautiful Threatened Fish Yes (Cyprinella formosa) Freshwater Shiner, Pecos Bluntnose Threatened Fish Yes (Notropis simus pecosensis) Freshwater Spikedace Threatened Fish Yes (Meda fulgida) Freshwater Squawfish, Colorado En dangered Fish Yes (Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater

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## New Mexico ( 45) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes (Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater Topminnow, Gila (Yaqui) Endangered Fish No (Poeciliopsis occidentalis) Freshwater Trout, Gila Endangered Fish No (Oncorhynchus gilae) Freshwater Snail, Pecos Assiminea Endangered Gastropod Yes (Assiminea pecos) Freshwater Springsnail, Alamosa Endangered Gastropod No (Tryonia alamo sae) Freshwater Springsnail, Koster's Endangered Gastropod No (Juturnia kosteri) Terrestrial Springsnail, Roswell Endangered Gastropod No (Pyrgulopsis roswellensis) Freshwater Springsnail, Socorro Endangered Gastropod No (Pyrgulopsis neomexicana) Fre shwater Bat, Lesser (=Sanborn's) Long

- nosed Endangered Mammal No (Leptonycteris curasoae yerbabuenae) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Mexican Long

- nosed Endangered Mammal No (Leptonycteris nivalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Ferret, Black

-footed Endan gered Mammal No (Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial Jaguar Endangered Mammal No (Panthera onca) Terrestrial Rattlesnake, New Mexican Ridge

- nosed Threatened Reptile Yes (Crotalus willardi obscurus) Terrestrial 

## North Carolina ( 55) species: Taxa Critical Ha bitat Spider, Spruce

-fir Moss Endangered Arachnid Yes (Microhexura montivaga) Terrestrial Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No (Mycteria americana) Terrestrial Tern, Roseate Endangered Bi rd No (Sterna dougallii dougallii) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded Endangered Bird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial Elktoe, Appalachian Endangered Bivalve Yes (Alasmidonta raveneliana) Freshwater Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No (Ala smidonta heterodon) Freshwater Mussel, Heelsplitter Carolina Endangered Bivalve Yes (Lasmigona decorata) Freshwater
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## North Carolina ( 55) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Mussel, Oyster Endangered Bivalve Yes (Epioblasma capsaeformis) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Little

-wing Endangered Bivalve No (Pegias fabula) Freshwater Purple Bean Endangered Bivalve Yes (Villosa perpurpurea) Freshwater Spinymussel, James River Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema collin a) Freshwater Spinymussel, Tar River Endangered Bivalve No (Elliptio steinstansana) Freshwater Amaranth, Seabeach Threatened Dicot No (Amaranthus pumilus) Coastal (neritic) Avens, Spreading Endangered Dicot No (Geum radiatum) Terrestrial Bittercress , Small

- anthered Endangered Dicot No (Cardamine micranthera) Terrestrial Blazing Star, Heller's Threatened Dicot No (Liatris helleri) Terrestrial Bluet, Roan Mountain Endangered Dicot No (Hedyotis purpurea var. montana) Terrestrial Chaffseed, America n Endangered Dicot No (Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial Coneflower, Smooth Endangered Dicot No (Echinacea laevigata) Terrestrial Dropwort, Canby's Endangered Dicot No (Oxypolis canbyi) Terrestrial, Freshwater Goldenrod, Blue Ridge Threatened Dicot No (Solidago spithamaea) Terrestrial Harperella Endangered Dicot No (Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater Heartleaf, Dwarf

-flowered Threatened Dicot No (Hexastylis naniflora) Terrestrial Heather, Mountain Golden Threatened Dicot Yes (Hudsonia montana) Terre strial Joint

-vetch, Sensitive Threatened Dicot No (Aeschynomene virginica) Terrestrial, Brackish Loosestrife, Rough

- leaved Endangered Dicot No (Lysimachia asperulaefolia) Terrestrial Meadowrue, Cooley's Endangered Dicot No (Thalictrum cooleyi) Terres trial Pitcher

- plant, Mountain Sweet Endangered Dicot No (Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii) Freshwater, Terrestrial

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## North Carolina ( 55) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Pondberry Endangered Dicot No (Linder a melissifolia) Terrestrial Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No (Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial Sumac, Michaux's Endangered Dicot No (Rhus michauxii) Terrestrial Sunflower, Schweinitz's Endangered Dicot No (Helianthus schweinitz

ii) Terrestrial Ch ub, Spotfin Threatened Fish Yes (Erimonax monachus) Freshwater Shiner, Cape Fear Endangered Fish Yes (Notropis mekistocholas) Freshwater Silverside, Waccamaw Threatened Fish Yes (Menidia extensa) Freshwater Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No (Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater Snail, Noonday Threatened Gastropod No (Mesodon clarki nantahala) Terrestrial Butterfly, Saint Francis' Satyr Endangered Insect No (Neonympha mitchellii francisci) Terrestrial Lichen, Rock Gnome Endangered L ichen No (Gymnoderma lineare) Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Virginia Big

- eared Endangered Mammal Yes (Cor ynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii virginianus) Terrestrial, Subterraneous Squirrel, Carolina Northern Flying Endangered Mammal No (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) Terrestrial Manatee, W est Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes (Trichechus manatus) Saltwater A rrowhead, Bunched Endangered Monocot No (Sagittaria fasciculata) Freshwater Irisette, White Endangered Monocot No (Sisyrinchium dichotomum) Terrestrial Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No (Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater Pogonia, Small Whorle d Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial Sedge, Golden Endangered Monocot No (Carex lutea) Terrestrial

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## North Carolina ( 55) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No (Chelonia mydas) Saltwater Sea turtle, hawksbill Endangered Reptile Yes (Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No (Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater Sea turtle, leatherback Endangered Reptile Yes (Der mochelys coriacea) Saltwater Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No (Caretta caretta) Saltwater 

## North Dakota ( 1) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Orchid, W estern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial 

## Ohio ( 22 ) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No (Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater Mus sel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema clava) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Purple Cat's Paw Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma obliquata obliquata) Freshwater Pearlymussel, White Cat's Paw Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma obliquata perobliqua) F reshwater Riffleshell, Northern Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) Freshwater Clover, Running Buffalo Endangered Dicot No (Trifolium stoloniferum) Terrestrial Daisy, Lakeside Threatened Dicot No (Hymenoxys herbacea) Freshwater Monkshood, Northern Wild Threatened Dicot No (Aconitum noveboracense) Terrestrial Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No (Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial Madtom, Scioto Endangered Fish No (Noturus trautmani) Freshwater Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No (Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial

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## Ohio ( 22) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Endangered Insect No (Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) Terrestrial Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Endangered Insect Yes (Somatochlora hineana) Freshwater, Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indi ana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial Snake, Lak e Erie W ater Threatened Reptile No (Nerodia sipedon insularum) Terrestrial, Freshwater Snake, Northern Copperbelly Water Threatened Reptile No (Nerodia erythrogaster neglecta) Freshwater, Terrestrial 

## Oklahoma ( 18) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Crane , Whooping Endangered Bird Yes (Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater Curlew, Eskimo Endangered Bird No (Numenius borealis) Terrestrial Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial Vireo, Black

- capped Endangered Bird No (Vireo atricapilla) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded Endangered Bird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial Mussel, Scaleshell Endangered Bivalve No (Leptodea leptodon) Freshwater Rock

- pocketbook, Ouachita (=Wheeler's pm) Endangered Bivalve No (Arkansia wheeleri) Freshwater Cavefish, Ozark Threatened Fish No (Amblyopsis rosae) Freshwater Darter, Leopard Threatened Fish Yes (Percina pantherina) Freshwater Madtom, Ne osho Threatened Fish No (Noturus placidus) Freshwater Shiner, Arkansas River Threatened Fish Yes (Notropis girardi) Freshwater Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No (Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial
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## Oklahoma ( 18) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Ozark Big

- eared Endangered Mammal No (Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii ingens) Terrestrial, Subterraneous Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial Orchid, W estern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera praeclara) Terres trial 

## Oregon ( 36) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Murrelet, Marbled Threatened Bird Yes (Brachyramphus marmoratus marmoratus) Freshwater, Terrestrial, Saltwater Owl, Northern Spotted Threatened Bird Yes (Strix occidentalis caurina) Terrestrial Plover , W estern Snowy Threatened Bird Yes (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) Terrestrial Fairy Shrimp, Vernal Pool Threatened Crustacean Yes (Branchinecta lynchi) Vernal pool Catchfly, Spalding's Threatened Dicot No (Silene spaldingii) Terrestrial Checker

- m allow, Nelson's Threatened Dicot No (Sidalcea nelsoniana) Terrestrial Daisy, W illamette Endangered Dicot No (Erigeron decumbens var. decumbens) Terrestrial Four

- o'clock, Macfarlane's Threatened Dicot No (Mirabilis macfarlanei) Terrestrial Lomatium, B radshaw's Endangered Dicot No (Lomatium bradshawii) Terrestrial, Freshwater Lomatium, Cook's Endangered Dicot No (Lomatium cookii) Vernal pool Lupine, Kincaid's Threatened Dicot No (Lupinus sulphureus (=oreganus) ssp. kincaidii (=var. kincaidii)) Terrestrial Meadowfoam, Large

-flowered W oolly Endangered Dicot No (Limnanthes floccosa ssp. Grandiflora) Vernal pool Popcornflower, Rough Endangered Dicot No (Plagiobothrys hirtus) Vernal pool Thelypody, Howell's Spectacular Threatened Dicot No (Thelypod

ium howellii spectabilis) Terrestrial Chub, Oregon Endangered Fish No (Oregonichthys crameri) Freshwater Salmon, Chinook (Lower Columbia River) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater
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## Oregon ( 36) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Salmon, Chinook (Snake River Fall Run) Threatened Fish No (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish Salmon, Chinook (Snake River spring/summer) Threaten ed Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater Salmon, Chinook (Upper Columbia River Spring) Endangered Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish Salmon, Chinook (Upper Willamette Rive r) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Saltwater, Brackish, Freshwater Salmon, Chum (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) keta) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater Salmon, Coho (Southern OR/Northern CA C oast) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) kisutch) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater Salmon, Sockeye (Snake River population) Endangered Fish No (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater Steelhead, (Lower Columbia River populat ion) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater Steelhead, (Middle Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish Steelhead, (Snake River Basin popul ation) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater Steelhead, (Upper Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater Steelhead, (Upper Willamette River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No (Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater Trout, Bull (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Salvelinus confluentus) Fre shwater Trout, Bull (Klamath River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater Butterfly, Fender's Blue Endangered Insect No (Icaricia icarioides fenderi) Terrestrial Butterfly, Oregon Silverspot Threatened Insect Yes (Speyeria zerene hippolyta) Terrestrial Deer, Columbian White

-tailed Endangered Mammal No (Odocoileus virginianus leucurus) Terrestrial Fritillary, Gentner's Endangered Monocot No (Fritillaria gentneri) Terrestrial Lily, W estern Endangered Monocot No (Lilium occidentale) Terrestrial 

## Pennsylvania ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial
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## Pennsylvania ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Mussel, C lubshell Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema clava) Freshwater Riffleshell, Northern Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma torulosa rangiana) Freshwater Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Squirrel, Delmarva Penin sula Fox Endangered Mammal No (Sciurus niger cinereus) Terrestrial Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Endangered Monocot No (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) Terrestrial, Freshwater Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terre strial Turtle, Bog (Northern population) Threatened Reptile No (Clemmys muhlenbergii) Terrestrial, Freshwater 

## Rhode Island ( 6) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Gerardia, Sandplain End angered Dicot No (Agalinis acuta) Terrestrial Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No (Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No (Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial 

## South Carolina ( 36) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Salamander, Flatwoods Threatened Amphibian No (Ambystoma cingulatum) Freshwater, Vernal pool, Terrestrial Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Stork, Wood Endangered Bird No (Mycteria americana) Terrestrial Wa rbler, Bachman's Endangered Bird No (Vermivora bachmanii) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Re d

- cockaded Endangered Bird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial Mussel, Heelsplitter Carolina Endangered Bivalve Yes (Lasmigona decorata) Freshwater Amaranth, Seabeach Threatened Dicot No (Amaranthus pumilus) Coastal (neritic)

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## South Carolina ( 36) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Amphianthus, Little Threatened Dicot No (Amphianthus pusillus) Freshwater Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No (Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial Coneflower, Smooth Endange red Dicot No (Echinacea laevigata) Terrestrial Dropwort, Canby's Endangered Dicot No (Oxypolis canbyi) Terrestrial, Freshwater Gooseberry, Miccosukee Threatened Dicot No (Ribes echinellum) Terrestrial Harperella Endangered Dicot No (Ptilimnium nodos um) Freshwater Heartleaf, Dwarf

-flowered Threatened Dicot No (Hexastylis naniflora) Terrestrial Loosestrife, Rough

- leaved Endangered Dicot No (Lysimachia asperulaefolia) Terrestrial Pitcher

- plant, Mountain Sweet Endangered Dicot No (Sarracenia rubra ssp. jonesii) Freshwater, Terrestrial Pondberry Endangered Dicot No (Lindera melissifolia) Terrestrial Sunflower, Schweinitz's Endangered Dicot No (Helianthus schweinitz

ii) Terrestrial Quillwort, Black

- spored Endangered Ferns No (Isoetes melanospora) Vernal pool Sturgeon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No (Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater Lichen, Rock Gnome Endangered Lichen No (Gymnoderma lineare) Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Manatee, W est Indian Endangered Marine mml Yes (Trichechus manatus) Saltwater Wh ale, Finback Endangered Marine mml No (Balaenoptera physalus) Saltwater Wh ale, Humpback Endangered Marine mml No (Megaptera novaeangliae) Saltwater Arrowhead, Bunched E ndangered Monocot No (Sagittaria fasciculata) Freshwater Irisette, White Endangered Monocot No (Sisyrinchium dichotomum) Terrestrial Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No (Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater

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## South Carolina ( 36) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial Trillium, Persistent Endangered Monocot No (Trillium persistens) Terrestrial Trillium, Relict Endangered Monoc ot No (Trillium reliquum) Terrestrial Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No (Chelonia mydas) Saltwater Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No (Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater Sea turtle, leatherback Endangered Reptile Yes (Dermochelys cori

acea) Saltwater Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No (Caretta caretta) Saltwater Snake, Eastern Indigo Threatened Reptile No (Drymarchon corais couperi) Terrestrial 

## South Dakota ( 8) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Crane, W hooping Endangered B ird Yes (Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial Shiner, Topeka Endangered Fish Yes (Notropis topeka (=tristis)) Freshwater Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No (Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No (Nicrophorus americanus) Terrestrial Ferret, Black

-footed Endangered Mammal No (Mustela nigripes) Terrestr ial Orchid, W estern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera praeclara) Terrestrial 

## Tennessee ( 80) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Spider, Spruce

-fir Moss Endangered Arachnid Yes (Microhexura montivaga) Terrestrial Stork, Wood Endangered Bi rd No (Mycteria americana) Terrestrial Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antillarum) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded Endangered Bird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial

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## Tennessee ( 80) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Combshell, Upland Endangered Bivalve Yes (Epioblasma metastriata) Freshwater Elktoe, Appalachian Endangered Bivalve Yes (Alasmidonta raveneliana) Freshwater Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No (Cyprogenia ste garia) Freshwater Kidneyshell, Triangular Endangered Bivalve Yes (Ptychobranchus greenii) Freshwater Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater Mussel, Alabama Moccasinshell Threatened Bivalve Yes (Medionidus acu tissimus) Freshwater Mussel, Coosa Moccasinshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Medionidus parvulus) Freshwater Mussel, Cumberland Combshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Epioblasma brevidens) Freshwater Mussel, Cumberland Elktoe Endangered Bivalve Yes (Alasmidon ta atropurpurea) Freshwater Mussel, Cumberland Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema gibberum) Freshwater Mussel, Fine

- lined Pocketbook Threatened Bivalve Yes (Lampsilis altilis) Freshwater Mussel, Fine

- rayed Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Fusconaia cuneolus) Freshwater Mussel, Ovate Clubshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Pleurobema perovatum) Freshwater Mussel, Oyster Endangered Bivalve Yes (Epioblasma capsaeformis) Freshwater Mussel, Ring Pink (=Golf Stick Pearly) Endangered Bivalve No (Obovaria retusa) Freshwater Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Fusconaia cor) Freshwater Mussel, Southern Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve Yes (Pleurobema georgianum) Freshwater Pear lymussel, Alabama Lamp Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis virescens) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Appalachian Monkeyface Endangered Bivalve No (Quadrula sparsa) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Birdwing Endangered Bivalve No (Conradilla caelata) Freshwater

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## Tennessee ( 80) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Pearlymussel, Cracking Endangered Bivalve No (Hemistena lata) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Cumberland Bean Endangered Bivalve No (Villosa trabalis) Freshwater Pearly mu ssel, Cumberland Monkeyface Endangered Bivalve No (Quadrula intermedia) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Dromedary Endangered Bivalve No (Dromus dromas) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Green

- blossom Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma torulosa gubernaculum) Freshwat er Pearlymussel, Little

-wing Endangered Bivalve No (Pegias fabula) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Orange

-footed Endangered Bivalve No (Plethobasus cooperianus) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Pale Lilliput Endangered Bivalve No (Toxolasma cylindrellus) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Purple Cat's Paw Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma obliquata obliquata) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Tubercled

- blossom Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Turgid

- blossom Endangered Bivalve No (Epio blasma turgidula) Freshwater Pearlymussel, White Wartyback Endangered Bivalve No (Plethobasus cicatricosus) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Yellow

- blossom Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma florentina florentina) Freshwater Purple Bean Endangered Bivalve Yes (Villosa perpurpurea) Freshwater Rabbitsfoot, Rough Endangered Bivalve Yes (Quadrula cylindrica strigillata) Freshwater Riffleshell, Tan Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma florentina walkeri (=E. walkeri)) Freshwater Crayfish, Nashville Endangered Cru stacean No (Orconectes shoupi) Freshwater Aster, Ruth's Golden Endangered Dicot No (Pityopsis ruthii) Terrestrial Avens, Spreading Endangered Dicot No (Geum radiatum) Terrestrial Bladderpod, Spring Creek Endangered Dicot No (Lesquerella perforata) F loodplain Clover, Leafy Prairie Endangered Dicot No (Dalea foliosa) Terrestrial

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## Tennessee ( 80) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Coneflower, Tennessee Purple Endangered Dicot No (Echinacea tennesseensis) Terrestrial Ground

- plum, Guthrie's Endangered Dicot No (Astragalus bibullatus) Terrestrial Pitcher

- plant, Green Endangered Dicot No (Sarracenia oreophila) Terrestrial, Freshwater Potato

- bean, Price's Threatened Dicot No (Apios priceana) Terrestrial Rock

- cress, Large (=Braun's) Endangered Dicot Yes (Arabis perstellata E. L. Braun var. ampla Rollins) Terrestrial Rock

- cress, Small Endangered Dicot Yes (Arabis perstellata E. L. Braun var. perstellata Fernald) Terrestrial Rosemary, Cumberland Threate ned Dicot No (Conradina verticillata) Terrestrial Sandwort, Cumberland Endangered Dicot No (Arenaria cumberlandensis) Terrestrial Skullcap, Large

-flowered Threatened Dicot No (Scutellaria montana) Terrestrial Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No (S piraea virginiana) Terrestrial Fern, American hart's

-tongue Threatened Ferns No (Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum) Terrestrial Chub, Slender Threatened Fish Yes (Erimystax cahni) Freshwater Chub, Spotfin Threatened Fish Yes (Erimonax monachus) Freshwater Dace, Blackside Threatened Fish No (Phoxinus cumberlandensis) Freshwater Darter, Amber Endangered Fish Yes (Percina antesella) Freshwater Darter, Bluemask (=jewel) Endangered Fish No (Etheostoma /) Freshwater Darter, Boulder Endangered F ish No (Etheostoma wapiti) Freshwater Darter, Duskytail Endangered Fish No (Etheostoma percnurum) Freshwater Darter, Slackwater Threatened Fish Yes (Etheostoma boschungi) Freshwater Darter, Snail Threatened Fish No (Percina tanasi) Freshwater Logpe rch, Conasauga Endangered Fish Yes (Percina jenkinsi) Freshwater

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## Tennessee ( 80) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Madtom, Pygmy Endangered Fish No (Noturus stanauli) Freshwater Madtom, Smoky Endangered F ish Yes (Noturus baileyi) Freshwater Madtom, Yellowfin Threatened Fish Yes (Noturus flavipinnis) Freshwater Shiner, Blue Threatened Fish No (Cyprinella caerulea) Freshwater Sturgeon, Pallid Endangered Fish No (Scaphirhynchus albus) Freshwater Marst onia, Royal (=Royal Snail) Endangered Gastropod No (Pyrgulopsis ogmorhaphe) Terrestrial Riversnail, Anthony's Endangered Gastropod No (Athearnia anthonyi) Freshwater Lichen, Rock Gnome Endangered Lichen No (Gymnoderma lineare) Terrestrial Bat, Gray E ndangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Squirrel, Carolina Northern Flying Endangered Mammal No (Glaucomys sabrinus coloratus) Terrestrial Grass , Tennessee Yellow

- eyed Endangered Monocot No (Xyris tennesseensis) Terrestrial Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial 

## Texas ( 86) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Salamander, Barton Springs Endangered Amphibian N o (Eurycea sosorum) Freshwater, Terrestrial Salamander, San Marcos Threatened Amphibian Yes (Eurycea nana) Freshwater, Terrestrial Salamander, Texas Blind Endangered Amphibian No (Typhlomolge rathbuni) Subterraneous, Freshwater Toad, Houston Endangered Amphibian Yes (Bufo houstonensis) Terrestrial, Freshwater Harvestman, Bee Creek Cave Endangered Arachnid No (Texella reddelli) Terrestrial, Subterraneous Harvestman, Bone Cave Endangered Arachnid No (Texella reyesi) Terrestrial, Subterraneous Harvestman, Robber Baron Cave Endangered Arachnid Yes (Texella cokendolpheri) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Meshweaver, Braken Bat Cave Endangered Arachnid Yes (Cicurina venii) Terrestrial, Subterraneous
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## Texas ( 86) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Pseudoscorpion, Tooth Cave Endangered Arachnid No (Tartarocreagris texana) Terrestrial, Subterraneous Spider, Government Canyon Cave Endangered Arachnid No (Neoleptoneta microps) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Spider, Madla's Cave Endangered Arachnid Yes (Cicurina madla) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Spider, Robber Baron Cave Endangered Arachnid Yes (Cicurina baronia) Terrestrial, Subterraneous Spider, Tooth Cave Endangered Arachnid No (Neoleptoneta myopica) Terrestr ial, Subterraneous Spider, Vesper Cave Endangered Arachnid No (Cicurina vespera) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Crane, W hooping Endangered Bird Yes (Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater Curlew, Eskimo Endangered Bird No (Numenius borealis) Terrestrial Falcon, Northern Aplomado Endangered Bird No (Falco femoralis septentrionalis) Terrestrial Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes (Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes (Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrestrial Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Prairie

- chicken, Attwater's Greater Endangered Bird No (Tympanuchus cupido attwateri) Terrestrial Tern, Interior (population) Least Endangered Bird No (Sterna antilla rum) Terrestrial Vireo, Black

- capped Endangered Bird No (Vireo atricapilla) Terrestrial Wa rbler (=W ood), Golden

- cheeked Endangered Bird No (Dendroica chrysoparia) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded Endangered Bird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial Amphipod, Peck's Cave Endangered Crustacean No (Stygobromus (=Stygonectes) pecki) Subterraneous, Freshwater Ambrosia, South Texas Endangered Dicot No (Ambrosia cheiranthifolia) Terrestrial Ayenia, Texas Endangered Dicot No (Ayenia limitaris) Terrest rial Bladderpod, W hite Endangered Dicot No (Lesquerella pallida) Terrestrial

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## Texas ( 86) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Bladderpod, Zapata Endangered Dicot Yes (Lesquerella thamnophila) Terrestrial Ca ctus, Black Lace Endangered Dicot No (Echinocereus reichenbachii var. albertii) Terrestrial Cactus, Bunched Cory Threatened Dicot No (Coryphantha ramillosa) Terrestrial Cactus, Chisos Mountain Hedgehog Threatened Dicot No (Echinocereus chisoensis var. chisoensis) Terrestrial Cactus, Lloyd's Mariposa Threatened Dicot No (Echinomastus mariposensis) Terrestrial Cactus, Nellie Cory Endangered Dicot No (Coryphantha minima) Terrestrial Cactus, Sneed Pincushion Endangered Dicot No (Coryphantha sneedii v ar. sneedii) Terrestrial Cactus, Star Endangered Dicot No (Astrophytum asterias) Terrestrial Cactus, Tobusch Fishhook Endangered Dicot No (Ancistrocactus tobuschii) Terrestrial Cat's

- eye, Terlingua Creek Endangered Dicot No (Cryptantha crassipes) Ter restrial Dawn

-flower, Texas Prairie (=Texas Bitterweed) Endangered Dicot No (Hymenoxys texana) Terrestrial Dogweed, Ashy Endangered Dicot No (Thymophylla tephroleuca) Terrestrial Frankenia, Johnston's Endangered Dicot No (Frankenia johnstonii) Terres trial Fruit, Earth (=geocarpon) Threatened Dicot No (Geocarpon minimum) Terrestrial Manioc, W alker's Endangered Dicot No (Manihot walkerae) Terrestrial Oak, Hinckley Threatened Dicot No (Quercus hinckleyi) Terrestrial Phlox, Texas Trailing Endangere d Dicot No (Phlox nivalis ssp. texensis) Terrestrial Pitaya, Davis' Green Endangered Dicot No (Echinocereus viridiflorus var. davisii) Terrestrial Poppy

- mallow, Texas Endangered Dicot No (Callirhoe scabriuscula) Terrestrial Rush

- pea, Slender Endangered Dicot No (Hoffmannseggia tenella) Terrestrial Sand

-verbena, Large

-fruited Endangered Dicot No (Abronia macrocarpa) Terrestrial

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## Texas ( 86) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Snowbells, Texas Endangered Dicot No (Styrax texanus) Terrestrial Sunflower, Pecos Threatened Dicot No (Helianthus paradoxus) Terrestrial, Freshwater Wi ld

- buckwheat, Gypsum Threatened Dicot Yes (Eriogonum gypsophilum) Terrestrial Darter, Fountain Endangered Fish Yes (Etheostom a fonticola) Freshwater Gambusia, Big Bend Endangered Fish No (Gambusia gaigei) Freshwater Gambusia, Clear Creek Endangered Fish No (Gambusia heterochir) Freshwater Gambusia, Pecos Endangered Fish No (Gambusia nobilis) Freshwater Gambusia, San Marco s Endangered Fish Yes (Gambusia georgei) Freshwater Minnow, Devils River Threatened Fish No (Dionda diaboli) Freshwater Pupfish, Comanche Springs Endangered Fish No (Cyprinodon elegans) Freshwater Pupfish, Leon Springs Endangered Fish Yes (Cyprinodo n bovinus) Freshwater Shiner, Arkansas River Threatened Fish Yes (Notropis girardi) Freshwater Snail, Pecos Assiminea Endangered Gastropod Yes (Assiminea pecos) Freshwater Beetle, American Burying Endangered Insect No (Nicrophorus americanus) Terrest rial Beetle, Coffin Cave Mold Endangered Insect No (Batrisodes texanus) Subterraneous Beetle, Comal Springs Dryopid Endangered Insect No (Stygoparnus comalensis) Subterraneous, Freshwater Beetle, Comal Springs Riffle Endangered Insect No (Heterelmis comalensis) Subterraneous, Freshwater Beetle, Helotes Mold Endangered Insect Yes (Batrisodes venyivi) Subterraneous Beetle, Kretschmarr Cave Mold Endangered Insect No (Texamaurops reddelli) Subterraneous Beetle, Tooth Cave Ground Endangered Insect No (Rhadine persephone) Subterraneous Rhadine exilis (ncn) Endangered Insect Yes (Rhadine exilis) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

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## Texas ( 86) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Rhadine infernalis (ncn) Endangered Insect Yes (Rhadine infernalis) Terrestrial, Subterraneous Bat, Mexican Long

- nosed Endangered Mammal No (Leptonycteris nivalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bear, Louisiana Black Threatened Mammal No (Ursus americanus luteolus) Terrestrial Jaguarundi, Gulf Coast Endangered Mammal No (Herpailurus (=Felis) yagouaroundi cacomitli) Terrestrial Jaguarundi, Sinaloan Endangered Mammal No (Herpailurus (=Felis) yagouaroundi tolteca) Terrestrial Ocelot Endangered Mammal No (Leopardus (=Felis) pardalis) Terre strial Ladies'

-tresses, Navasota Endangered Monocot No (Spiranthes parksii) Terrestrial Pondweed, Little Aguja Creek Endangered Monocot No (Potamogeton clystocarpus) Freshwater Wi ld

- rice, Texas Endangered Monocot Yes (Ziz ania texana) Freshwater Sea turtle, green Endangered Reptile No (Chelonia mydas) Saltwater Sea turtle, hawksbill Endangered Reptile Yes (Eretmochelys imbricata) Saltwater Sea turtle, Kemp's ridley Endangered Reptile No (Lepidochelys kempii) Saltwater Sea turtle, leatherback End angered Reptile Yes (Dermochelys coriacea) Saltwater Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No (Caretta caretta) Saltwater Snake, Concho W ater Threatened Reptile Yes (Nerodia paucimaculata) Freshwater, Terrestrial 

## Utah ( 34) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Flycatcher, Southwestern Willow Endangered Bird Yes (Empidonax traillii extimus) Terrestrial Owl, Mexican Spotted Threatened Bird Yes (Strix occidentalis lucida) Terrestrial Bear

- poppy, Dwarf Endangered Dicot No (Arctomecon humilis) Terrestr ial Bladderpod, Kodachrome Endangered Dicot No (Lesquerella tumulosa) Terrestrial Cactus, Siler Pincushion Threatened Dicot No (Pediocactus (=Echinocactus,=Utahia) sileri) Terrestrial Cactus, Uinta Basin Hookless Threatened Dicot No (Sclerocactus gla ucus) Terrestrial
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## Utah ( 34) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Cactus, Winkler Threatened Dicot No (Pediocactus winkleri) Terrestrial Cactus, Wright Fishhook Endangered Dicot No (Sclerocactus wrightiae) T errestrial Cycladenia, Jones Threatened Dicot No (Cycladenia jonesii (=humilis)) Terrestrial Daisy, Maguire Threatened Dicot No (Erigeron maguirei) Freshwater Milk

-vetch, Deseret Threatened Dicot No (Astragalus desereticus) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, H eliotrope Threatened Dicot Yes (Astragalus montii) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Holmgren Endangered Dicot No (Astragalus holmgreniorum) Terrestrial Milk

-vetch, Shivwits Endangered Dicot No (Astragalus ampullarioides) Terrestrial Milkweed, W elsh's Threaten ed Dicot Yes (Asclepias welshii) Terrestrial Phacelia, Clay Endangered Dicot No (Phacelia argillacea) Terrestrial Primrose, Maguire Threatened Dicot No (Primula maguirei) Terrestrial Reed

- mustard, Barneby Endangered Dicot No (Schoenocrambe barnebyi) Terrestrial Reed

- mustard, Shrubby Endangered Dicot No (Schoenocrambe suffrutescens) Terrestrial Ridge

- cress (=Pepper

- cress), Barneby Endangered Dicot No (Lepidium barnebyanum) Terrestrial Townsendia, Last Chance Threatened Dicot No (Townsendia aprica) Terrestrial Chub, Bonytail Endangered Fish Yes (Gila elegans) Freshwater Chub, Humpback Endangered Fish Yes (Gila cypha) Freshwater Chub, Virgin River Endangered Fish Yes (Gila seminuda (=robusta)) Freshwater Squawfish, Colorado Endangered Fish Y es (Ptychocheilus lucius) Freshwater Sucker, June Endangered Fish Yes (Chasmistes liorus) Freshwater Sucker, Razorback Endangered Fish Yes (Xyrauchen texanus) Freshwater

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## Utah ( 34) species: Taxa Criti cal Habitat Trout, Lahontan Cutthroat Threatened Fish No (Oncorhynchus clarki henshawi) Freshwater Wo undfin Endangered Fish Yes (Plagopterus argentissimus) Freshwater Ferret, Black

-footed Endangered Mammal No (Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial Prairie D og, Utah Threatened Mammal No (Cynomys parvidens) Terrestrial, Subterraneous Ladies'

-tresses, Ute Threatened Monocot No (Spiranthes diluvialis) Terrestrial Sedge, Navajo Threatened Monocot Yes (Carex specuicola) Terrestrial Tortoise, Desert Threatene d Reptile Yes (Gopherus agassiz

ii) Terrestrial 

## Vermont ( 4) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No (Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater Milk

-vetch, Jesup's Endangered Dicot No (Astragalus robbinsii var. jesupi) Terrest rial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Endangered Monocot No (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) Terrestrial, Freshwater 

## Virginia ( 57) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Salamand er, Shenandoah Endangered Amphibian No (Plethodon shenandoah) Freshwater, Terrestrial Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terrestrial Wo odpecker, Red

- cockaded Endangered Bird No (Picoides borealis) Terrestrial Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No (Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater Mussel, Cumberland Combshell Endangered Bivalve Yes (Epioblasma brevidens) Freshwater Mussel, Cumberland Elktoe Endangered Bi valve Yes (Alasmidonta atropurpurea) Freshwater Mussel, Dwarf Wedge Endangered Bivalve No (Alasmidonta heterodon) Freshwater Mussel, Fine

- rayed Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Fusconaia cuneolus) Freshwater

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## Virginia ( 57) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Mussel, Oyster Endangered Bivalve Yes (Epioblasma capsaeformis) Freshwater Mussel, Rough Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema plenum) Freshwater Mussel, Shiny Pigtoe Endangered Bivalve No (Fuscon aia cor) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Appalachian Monkeyface Endangered Bivalve No (Quadrula sparsa) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Birdwing Endangered Bivalve No (Conradilla caelata) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Cracking Endangered Bivalve No (Hemistena lata) Fre shwater Pearlymussel, Cumberland Bean Endangered Bivalve No (Villosa trabalis) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Cumberland Monkeyface Endangered Bivalve No (Quadrula intermedia) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Dromedary Endangered Bivalve No (Dromus dromas) Freshwa ter Pearlymussel, Green

- blossom Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma torulosa gubernaculum) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Little

-wing Endangered Bivalve No (Pegias fabula) Freshwater Purple Bean Endangered Bivalve Yes (Villosa perpurpurea) Freshwater Rabbitsfoot, Rough Endangered Bivalve Yes (Quadrula cylindrica strigillata) Freshwater Riffleshell, Tan Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma florentina walkeri (=E. walkeri)) Freshwater Spinymussel, James River Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema collina) Freshwater Isopod, Lee County Cave Endangered Crustacean No (Lirceus usdagalun) Freshwater Isopod, Madison Cave Threatened Crustacean No (Antrolana lira) Freshwater Amaranth, Seabeach Threatened Dicot No (Amaranthus pumilus) Coastal (neritic) Bittercress, Small

- anthered Endangered Dicot No (Cardamine micranthera) Terrestrial Chaffseed, American Endangered Dicot No (Schwalbea americana) Terrestrial Coneflower, Smooth Endangered Dicot No (Echinacea laevigata) Terrestrial

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## Virginia ( 57) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Harperella Endangered Dicot No (Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater Joint

-vetch, Sensitive Threatened Dicot No (Aeschynomene virginica) Terrestrial, Brackish Rock

- cress, Shale Barren Endangered Dicot No (Arabis serotina) Terrestrial Sneezeweed, Virginia Threatened Dicot No (Helenium virginicum) Vernal pool Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No (Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial Sumac, Michaux's Endangered Dicot No (Rhus michauxii) Terrest rial Sunflower, Schweinitz's Endangered Dicot No (Helianthus schweinitz

ii) Terrestrial Chub, Slender Threatened Fish Yes (Erimystax cahni) Freshwater Chub, Spotfin Threatened Fish Yes (Erimonax monachus) Freshwater Dace, Blackside Threatened Fish No (Phoxinus cumberlandensis) Freshwater Darter, Duskytail Endangered Fish No (Etheostoma percnurum) Freshwater Logperch, Roanoke Endangered Fish No (Percina rex) Freshwater Madtom, Yellowfin Threatened Fish Yes (Noturus flavipinnis) Freshwater Sturg eon, Shortnose Endangered Fish No (Acipenser brevirostrum) Saltwater, Freshwater Snail, Virginia Fringed Mountain Endangered Gastropod No (Polygyriscus virginianus) Terrestrial Beetle, Northeastern Beach Tiger Threatened Insect No (Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis) Terrestrial Butterfly, Mitchell's Satyr Endangered Insect No (Neonympha mitchellii mitchellii) Terrestrial Butterfly, Saint Francis' Satyr Endangered Insect No (Neonympha mitchellii francisci) Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myo tis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Virginia Big

- eared Endangered Mammal Yes (Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii virginianus) Terrestrial, Subterraneous

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## Virginia ( 57) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Squirrel, Delmarva Peninsula Fox Endangered Mammal No (Sciurus niger cinereus) Terrestrial Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Endangered Monocot No (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) Terrestrial, Freshwater Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial Pink, Swamp Threatened Monocot No (Helonias bullata) Terrestrial, Freshwater Pogonia, Small Whorled Threatened Monocot No (Isotria medeoloides) Terrestrial Sea turtle, loggerhead Threatened Reptile No (Caretta caretta) Saltwater 

## Washington ( 33) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Murrelet, Marbled Threatened Bird Yes (Brachyramphus marmoratus marmoratus) Freshwater, Terrestrial, Saltwater Owl, Northern Spotted Threatened Bird Yes (Strix occidentalis caurina) Terrestrial Plover, W estern Snowy Threatened Bird Yes (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus) Terrestrial Catchfly, Spalding's Threatened Dicot No (Silene spaldingii) Terrestrial Checker

- mallow, Nelson's Threatened Dicot No (Sidalcea nelsoniana) Terrestrial Checker

- mallow, Wenatchee Mountains Endangered Dicot Yes (Sidalcea oregana var. calva) Terrestrial Howellia, W ater Threatened Dicot No (Howellia aquatilis) Freshwater Lupine, Kincaid's Threatened Dicot No (Lupinus sulphureus (=oreganus) ssp. kincaidii (=var. kincaidii)) Terrestrial Paintbrush, Golden Threatened Dicot No (Castilleja levisecta) Terrestrial Stickseed, Showy Endangered Dicot No (Hackelia venusta) Terrestrial Salmon, Chinook (Lower Columbia River) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater Salmon, Chinook (Puget Sound) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater Salmon, Chinook (Snake River Fall Run) Threatened Fish No (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish Salmon, Chinook (Snake River spring/summer) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Brackish, Saltwa ter, Freshwater Salmon, Chinook (Upper Columbia River Spring) Endangered Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish
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## Washington ( 33) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Salm on, Chinook (Upper W illamette River) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) tshawytscha) Saltwater, Brackish, Freshwater Salmon, Chum (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) keta) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater Salmo n, Chum (Hood Canal Summer population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) keta) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater Salmon, Sockeye (Ozette Lake population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) Saltwater, Freshwater, Brackish Salmon, S ockeye (Snake River population) Endangered Fish No (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) nerka) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater Steelhead, (Lower Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Freshwater, Saltwater Steelhead, (Middle Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Saltwater, Brackish Steelhead, (Snake River Basin population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Freshwater, Brackish, Saltwater Steelhead , (Upper Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater Steelhead, (Upper Willamette River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Oncorhynchus (=Salmo) mykiss) Brackish, Saltwater, Freshwater Ste elhead, Puget Sound Threatened Fish No (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Trout, Bull Threatened Fish No (Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater Trout, Bull (Columbia River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater Trout, Bull (Klamath River population) Threatened Fish Yes (Salvelinus confluentus) Freshwater Butterfly, Oregon Silverspot Threatened Insect Yes (Speyeria zerene hippolyta) Terrestrial Bear, Grizzly Threatened Mammal No (Ursus arctos horribilis) Terrestrial Deer, Columbian W hite

-tailed Endangered Mammal No (Odocoileus virginianus leucurus) Terrestrial Rabbit, Pygmy Endangered Mammal No (Brachylagus idahoensis) Terrestrial 

## West Virginia ( 15) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Salamander, Cheat Mountain Threatened Amphibian N o (Plethodon nettingi) Freshwater, Terrestrial Fanshell Endangered Bivalve No (Cyprogenia stegaria) Freshwater Mucket, Pink (Pearlymussel) Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis abrupta) Freshwater
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## West Vir ginia ( 15) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Mussel, Clubshell Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema clava) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Tubercled

- blossom Endangered Bivalve No (Epioblasma torulosa torulosa) Freshwater Spinymussel, James River Endangered Bivalve No (Pleurobema collina) Freshwater Clover, Running Buffalo Endangered Dicot No (Trifolium stoloniferum) Terrestrial Harperella Endangered Dicot No (Ptilimnium nodosum) Freshwater Rock

- cress, Shale Barren Endangered Dicot No (Arabis serotina) Terre strial Spiraea, Virginia Threatened Dicot No (Spiraea virginiana) Terrestrial Snail, Flat

- spired Three

-toothed Threatened Gastropod No (Triodopsis platysayoides) Terrestrial Bat, Gray Endangered Mammal No (Myotis grisescens) Subterraneous, Terrestria l Bat, Indiana Endangered Mammal Yes (Myotis sodalis) Subterraneous, Terrestrial Bat, Virginia Big

- eared Endangered Mammal Yes (Corynorhinus (=Plecotus) townsendii virginianus) Terrestrial, Subterraneous Bulrush, Northeastern (=Barbed Bristle) Endange red Monocot No (Scirpus ancistrochaetus) Terrestrial, Freshwater 

## Wisconsin ( 14) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Crane, W hooping Endangered Bird Yes (Grus americana) Terrestrial, Freshwater Plover, Piping Endangered Bird Yes (Charadrius melodus) Terre strial Wa rbler (=W ood), Kirtland's Endangered Bird No (Dendroica kirtlandii) Terrestrial Mussel, W inged Mapleleaf Endangered Bivalve No (Quadrula fragosa) Freshwater Pearlymussel, Higgins' Eye Endangered Bivalve No (Lampsilis higginsii) Freshwater C lover, Prairie Bush Threatened Dicot No (Lespedez

a leptostachya) Terrestrial Locoweed, Fassett's Threatened Dicot No (Oxytropis campestris var. chartacea) Terrestrial Monkshood, Northern Wild Threatened Dicot No (Aconitum noveboracense) Terrestrial T histle, Pitcher's Threatened Dicot No (Cirsium pitcheri) Terrestrial
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## Wisconsin ( 14) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Butterfly, Karner Blue Endangered Insect No (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) Terrestrial Dragonfly, Hine's Emerald Endangered Insect Yes (Somatochlora hineana) Freshwater, Terrestrial Lynx, Canada Threatened Mammal No (Lynx canadensis) Terrestrial Iris, Dwarf Lake Threatened Monocot No (Iris lacustris) Terrestrial Orchid, Eastern Prairie Fringed Threatened Monocot No (Platanthera leucophaea) Terrestrial 

## Wyoming ( 1) species: Taxa Critical Habitat Ferret, Black

-footed Endangered Mammal No (Mustela nigripes) Terrestrial 

## No species were selected for exclusion.

Dispersed species included in report.