CO?Y 

II mE UH:m!D S'rJ.'lES PJ.1'EN! OFFICR 

l\E10RE THE BO.Um or lMIIS 

Br * 1.ppllca.tion far Patent ~ 

WitLWl 1. IRD'.l>MAI • 

s.rial lfmlhor * 418,193 

* filed 

6 ~ 1943 ... 

For * SYSTEM FOR E!ICIP.BERIHG 

FACSIIIIE * 

• * * * * * • * * * * * * 

The llonot'a.bla Commissiamr or Patents 

Washington 25a D. C. 

.lppeal bbar 21, l.61. 

lPPBA.L BRIEF 

(Far A.ppellant) 

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. s ;<L/'&t.<..,,.4 t~J /Pfd 

!his 1a an appeal :rro. the decision, 28 J'anlm'7 1949, ot the 

P.rinc1pal Jxa111nor. nnall,tr rejecting Clair.l l4 of the abt.J!'e14GBC1t1ed appllca.tion tor patent. Certain other claims haw 

cancelled, and Claims S, 6, 7; 1.31 and 15 sts.¢ &llolred. The 

rejected claia reads as rollonz 

U. lie.ans tar secrotl,y transaittlng graphic int'ormation comprising 

a dnice tor sca:an:lng and representhig said graphic inf'~tion 

as a series or electric impulses or T8.?"J'ing intensit7, a csmcutlage message 1 a aeCOlld deTice ar.rar.ced f'or ecanning ea:l.d camou .. 

flage mesMgo and roproducing tho same as a seccmd seriee o'E 

•lectric 11lpulses or ft1'71Jlg intensity the illpulaea ot sa14 

.aoond series being nonsynchronoua with the 111pulseo ot add 

tirst aeries, an electrcmecban!aal interlock oonneoted under the 

can'2ol o£ both ~ sa1d &C'ies or iJlpulBes for energisation when- ..._. iredetend.Jlecl aoabJnst!ons or :lmpulaea occur ill the two 

Kid aeries ot 1J:lr':tlse.s1 and a transmitter cont?olled b7' ea1d 

iDterloclt and adapted to emit iapullles whenner Rid int.erlook 

111 .nergiaed. 

Copy .. ·, ·. :· 

@'pp roved for Release by NSA on 09-10-2013 pursuantto E .0. 1352a 

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REF ID:A105180 

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!be El:u!iwr•• statement contd.ns au. adequate explanat1on or the 

~tus ~ .lpplleant•a ·invention, and no~ ciescript;!on 

r 

thaNO!" will be bareiZl helmed, i\ being thought. nft'io1ent ~ 

..,. tb&t the 1n'f'ent1on ia a tacaiaila pd.ft.OT dniol wherein a ·. 

4'ullml9 ar cooufhge pictun is acanned concurrent~ with a pie- \ · 

ture ar other aubject containing the •ssage dosired to be trans~. 

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m11ited and the two signals interaeted to produce an tmci:tmered. 

Two rc!crGnc·cs haw been citod and used against Claim. 14, these 

b&\llg Jerr1P1, 1,310,71<;• and P.rY.fr, 11868,967, the appllcaticms 

ot 'the re£e:&.'9DCeS to \he cla111 bo1ng aubstantial]T in idmtical 

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Appellant agrees that the two cited pa.tents, Vermm am Cartier,_ 

are fw ref'en.nce purposes substantial.lv identical, and that the7 

can be reat! against the ela1m 1n the same m.nner. 

The rejection and the appeal, in the .A.ppallant1s view~ oel\ter 

around features and elements which an not a DlWitnni! fundamnntal 

in the apparatus or Cla111 14. Stat.eel otherwise, it is bellewd 

that on0: contl"o'lersy here is of iuterprotation rather than structures. 

ni~)·~;ner bas argued 1n bia Statement (page 4, ~el' 4-'i·) 1 and 

elsewhere durin.:! the .[lt'Osecutior. or the appl:lcat.io.n, tha~, since 

the refeNrices relate to tel~grapb;y, they inYolve the t:ransmisa1on -

of gr&#C inf'orm.tion.J but tb1a 18 onJ¥ loose:cy truo. OrJsina.1]¥, 

& telegraph •.rste:i producod r.ia.'t"ks on a paper at s. distance :tran the 

~ • instru.aent, and 1t mq do ao todq although ~uentl,y' 1;be ' 

rece!Ted. signal perf'orates a tape. Neither ease, however, incl."1.ea 

the t;anm•13sn 2t mm2c J.ntqrpiaticm, this latter imp~ the 

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REF ID:A105180 

.tcirrmt!an Ui>Q11 recep1ilan ot a replica or t'acs.1m1le ot the or!a!n&l 

:meaaap (be it picture, map, er prlnted text;). 

'?h1a pointJ true, 'tl01Jld not be s1gn1ticaJ1t Sn .fJC80 aituat1cas. In 

~ cases, the two a:p.ressians, and indeac:t the ac:metrucUana 

denoted thareb7, would be considered equ!valfll'1ts. But just aa a 

apring and a weight mQ' be equivalent in one construction &Di 

othen!se in another ~t!on, 110 here - tar the ~ 

intarpretation or •gt"a.Jhic intClll'llatic:m" pmn1ttod the Exand.ntr to 

AT that a •tape tn.nsmitter" (which "rea4stt a punched paper tape 

b,J' means or •tal t'illgera) 1a a device tar fJCaJUlhg (aa J'equired 

lV the ola!a) •S.W i.t •11P•1 aucceaa1ve ~GE a tape" 

{pqe 41 11ma 12-13). C 

•Scan" and "aoamd1:1g11 ~ hmrO'V'tU", are technical tens ~ 

at&bl111hed ween1np. msm•s DW IH't!JUIATIOHAL DIC!IOIARY, 

acmm DITICS, (cited 'b;r the Bxmdnar 1n another carmectian) 

auppllea the follow1nga 

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.lppallant would not. arsue tba~ the use of la1lguap SJ' not be 

Just.U':lad otherwise than b7 diaticmal7 sancticm1 but 1I01lld eq 

that auch aanctian presents a Pl1M tacie. case ~ C01'1"8Ct map. 

!be lxew1ll8.'r''a ~· or •aoa'QJdqr• aud •graphic illtormticmtr ~ 

queried 1n the amendment or~- June 1949 (page 21 llms 4-S)• 

&JJd tho Examiner supplied no authorities fer his positions. The 

Patent Ortice, 1n order to prevent misde.scr!ptiveness, 1a proP8J."lJ' 

very !naistcnt upon dict::lam.7 suppart far- terms used 1n applic&-

Ucms. It ahould,, however,, be consistent an1 acceP' dict.iona17 

terms and d.e£!n1t:loas excepfi when a cont.ftry position is ve:r,-

clea1"~ :lnd1cated. COP't 

Again, the Exam2ner•s holdi!Jg on this •tter would J;C"hape mt be 

prejudicial 1£ it stood alone but, when taken with the earl.!«rmentio.ned 11181.nterp:etation, permitted a still turth81" error which, 

it 1a believed• presents the crmc ~ the nJecfdcm. 

1'he appealed claim recites that the araPiiC intoraatim and a 

ao-called camout1age maaeage are represented CXI!" reprcducect (~ 

~s1an) u seriea or electr1cal brpulses or "f'l11'71ng !ntenait!ee am requJ:res that the !mpulses ot QD9 or the aer:las be 

with the impulses ~ the ot.ht!1r. 

1'he 'banlfner,. ~upon WEBSTER'S BEW nr.rERNA!IO!U.L DIC!IOlWlt 

(1940),, above-mentioned, insists tba.t ·~· meamt 

"ha.ThJ.i the -- period aDd pbue.• 

Appellant belleYes that the quoted de.thd.tion r.f'e:r:a to one epec!al 

oase ot ~. 1'he ftlmter def'1d;1cn reads aa :f°ollowar 

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REF 

1. Ba.ppenSng, ex!.atinth 01! eom!ng into aiatence• etc., 

at the aamo tilleJ concurrent in t!meJ ccmtempm.-aneotUJ a1aultaneawrJ u • amqbrpaou@ nents, geological cte• 

posits, ar atorms, in 'ftl'ious parts ot the counu,.. 

4. DllW• Hav1ng the auo periodJ also• ha.'9'1zlg the 

eame par1cd and }iwleJ. as, encbroD.OUft v1bn.tiom. 

-ni. ccmaemma ia hll.Uoa1ied b;r tba following autborit.1.eat 

9,rnehl"on!se • to oa.use to agree in UmeJ happen s1mlltaneoualY. 

(Pl'om.1 Dioticmar.r ~ '1'f90hn1ca1 Tena • Cr.lapin) · 

to mate two or more 8ftnts or operations occ'IJr at tho~ time with respect to each otber. 

(!rau lllmt.ra.ted TechnSoal Dic1dcnary - Ma:d• 

Be'tllrarlc) 

(1) to occur at th& eame time - to coincide 1n 

poht o~ "Ume. 

(2) to occur at the same aucoessive inatan1ia ot 

tille. 

Imo.• to cause to indicate tbe ,... time as 

another. 

(frm1 'l'be Oxrord Eng. Dictionar,y - Volumo X) 

9Jnchrord2111Jg • the maintenance ot predetermined speed relaticns 

between the scanner and the recorder within each 

•C8l1Di:ag Une. 

(Proms D1ct102W'7 or Technical. and So1entif1c 

Terms, 

Ia.boratcaT, 

Iilter:tm 

Fart 

EditiOD 

Monmouth, - Signal Jfe·• .Tersq) 

Carpa ~ 

Aa 1D11catecl esrller, the atructuree t4 the cla1a emd the ref'erew 

are not otherwi.ff eerionaJ.y 1D oonruot. 

Ca:tsidered in the I1ght 0£ these authorities, it 1a apparent that 

Var.Dam am Cartier disclose apparatuses 111 which the two signal seqllellcea ID1l1 a ~uq ... 1n ardor that. combined, they ma,y reaul.t 1n the fiTe-unit (t'll" seven-unit) Ba.mot code the eqU1pnents an 

adapted to handle, whereas, 1n the .lppllcant's device• there is no 

necesBA17' time rela.t1onsh1p btttnen the 1apulses ot tho "measagett 

aDd 1bamoutlage• sequences. .la atated 1n the amndment. ot 28 JUll' 

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REF ID:A105180 

19'9~ •It 'llOUld 'be a nre occur.nmca, SA hot• .far aJr¥ wsago 

iapulae to be lnit!ated at the aame !Detant as a ~utlage Dpulae, and mob more rare tar the duration ot one such !apD]lse 

to be an wen multiple ot the duraUon ot the other." 

loth!ng_. therefore, need appear in the cla1JI .. 1n view at the 

foregoing authorities - to ueri.be a particular -.n1ng to 

"~" (as f'hoat suggested bJ- the '.haldner :ln h1a 

Statement)• Id.nee the desired meaning 1B aapl.y auppoiwted. It 

1181' be noted that 1 as the a:lpals treated by the apparatus are 

deri.ftd frm .faaahd.la scanners, on]1' on& special aituat.icn 

woulJl zesult :in IQ'J'lChro.D1sa (as de.t:lmd bJ' the autbaritiea), 

that ia~ the p.toture inteMed tar transm1881on and the camoutlap 

pictUN would haTe to be identical. and the ~ rates would 

have to be 1den~l; as a result, no privacy would be ob+.a'ned, 

the t.rammitted signal represen°'ing the subject er~ a" bea1;• a 

•negative• ot the subject. 

As above :lndioated, it is believed that the Vernam. aDl Cart1e:r 

retere.nces are not pertinent to the appealed cla1a when tm 

aeveral matters ot interpretetion or hnguago are settled. 

the applicable rule appears to be u stated 1n 11.J'mr s fatepa 

{Deller ta F.dition} 1 Volume 1, i-ge 2891 

"lavclt7 1a not negatived b:r u;yth1ng which waa neither 

designed. nor appirentlT adapted, nor actuallr used, to 

perform the f'unction ot the thing covered bJ' the pitent. 

though it ldght have been made to pert"o:rm that tanctian 

by •ans not aubetanUal ~ ditf'eren:t; fl-am that of' the 

patented 1nwntion.11 (Ci'li!JJg a long JJat ot ~) 
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~ the foregoing reasons, 1t 18 l!IUbmitted that tba 'hamSIM!tl" 

aho1ild be :NYersed and Cla1Jll l4 allond. 

'Respecttull,f, 

WILLUll r. nu:EDIAI, Appellant t 

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