f' 

(· 

IN REPLY 

REFER TO 

SPSLG 

Legal Patents 

(Frbdman) 

REF ID:A10521t 

WAR DEPARTMENT 

• r ·-..... '. 

I I ' _,. 

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF SIGNAL OFFICE~ 

WASHINGTON 

SPSLG-:Sa 

January 29, 1943. 

Mr. William F. Friedman, 

400 Lee Boulevard, 

Arlington, Virginia. 

Dear Sir: 

Inclosed herewith, in duplicate, is your application 

for a patent entitled "System for Enciphering Facsimile". 

It comprises Petition, Specification, Oath, Assignment, 

License and a photostatic copy of the drawing. 

If this application meets with your approval, it is 

requested that you execute it by signing it \rl th your 

first name in full at the places indicated by the attached 

tabs, before a notary public who must lebalize the application 

by filling in the place and date of execution and impressing 

his seal at the places indicated by the attached tabs. 

It is requested that executed original application be 

returned to this office for filing in the United States 

Patent Office. 

The duplicate copy of the application is to be retained 

by you for your files. 

Your comments and suggestions relative to this application will be welcome. If they form a part of your original 

invention, they may be incorporated in the application by 

amendment. 

Incls -

Yours very truly, 

Donald K. Lippincott 

Lieutenant Colonel, Signal Corps 

Counsel, Office of Legal Director 

Pat appl with forms (in duplicate) 

Photostatic cy of drawing 

@'pp roved for Release by NSA on 09-10-2013 pursuantto E .0. 1352a I 

I 

I .. , .. f 

...... -
1 Sig.Sec.Div. 

. 2 Off .Legal 

Director 

.. SPSLG-3a 

~F _I:O:A105212. 

c o· P Y -

William F. Friedman Invention 

1. Incloaed is a letter'and its inclosures 

add re a sed to ·Mr. "Friedrilan •. 

2. It is .contrary to policy of Legal Director 

to file patent applications on secret· invent.ions • 

. They ·are filed ~n inventions conBidered -"coni'ident.ia.l." 

Advice is requested whether or not this case should 

be filed. 

s.· If you decide the case o~ght not be filed~ 

it is requested the same be ·signed at the present 

time, and this office notified. This office.will 

then prepare a letter for the file of the case, 

showing the facts so in·any future interference 

priority, contest our record will be clear. 

Incle - . letter to Friedman with its incloeures 

1. It is"recomm.ended that the subject 

patent application be filed· under the confidential 

classification. 

2. ·The duplicate copy of the application has 

been retained by Ur. Friednlari. 

3. No chhnges are suggested ·relative. to· the 

application. 

' ' 

Nelson Moore 

Capt. ,Sig.Corps 

Attorney ,orr .~-~. 

Director SPSLG-3b 

Feb i,· '43 Ext. 

72416 

Vl •. Preston~~orderni.e.n-· 

Colonel, Sig.Corps 

Code 8129 · 

. Feg .• - 25, '43 

jC 
REF ID:A10521. 

PETITION 

TO THE COMMISSIONER OF PATEN'rs: 

Your petitioner~• ][illip.m F. Fr:iedr!Ian a 

citizen_ of th.e United States residing a.i39~d~JLll._ _____ _ 

in th~uf Die1lt'ict of Columbia ~~:t~oL.Yiu.b1..Qgoe=to..,.n~-­

a.nd whose post-office addres!i 3932 WJitacy Road. N.:W...-1V.as.h1ngton. D. C. 

-:----~~-~--~---~---~~nrcer..:..__ that Letters Patent may be 

granted to him without payment of fee, pursuant to the provisions 

of the Act of March 3, 1883, c. 143; U. S. Statutes 0 XXIIe p. 625, as amended 

·by the Act ol'--April 3Q.,, 1928, for the improvement in------------

S1atem tor Enoiphering__ Fe.oeimile I 

set forth in the annexed Specific~tion. 

And be hereby irrevocably givll.l __ control of · his application 

for Letters Patent to the Secretary of Wa.r 8 and eppoim __ William D. Hall, 

whose post-office address is care of the Chief Signal Officenui¥.¥t•Hi!c.ePentagon 

Building, Washington, D. C., attorney w1 th full power of substitution and 

revocation: to prosecute this application, to make ru. terations and amendments 

therein, to sign hie name __ to the drawingA, to receive the Letters 

Patent, and to transact all business in the United States Patent Office 

connected therewith. 

Signed at ---------------- in the Count~· of ---------,~­ and State of this ~~y of · lt_3 --~------~--~ -~-~~~u.a,, ~~---~~ 

(Sign here, 

(first nEIJlle in full) 

S P E C I F I C A T I 0 N 

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERU: 

. BE IT KNOWN' Tha t. __ w,,._,.,n .... 1 ... 1i.l'am~.toF_. ... __...F..!!.rAie¥.dman==.e:!i~s.....:e.:...-__ ~---------- citizen 

_City 

of the United States residing a'l932 Military Rd . ._in th~y ofll.as.h1ng!;on 

an~gtof dC~nwl~u~m*h~i~a,__ ___ ___.~e invented certain new and useful improveof which the following is a specification: 

The invention described herein m13Y be manufactured and used by or for the 

Governuent for goverm:1ental purposes, without the payment to me of any royalty 

thereon. 

• .1 
--

REF 1n : Al o,s21' 

The eubjoct matter of this inventtcm la a eyatem fot 

enciphering facaimilies. 

l'hi• invention rolatee to mean1 tor aeoretly oammunioating information by tranemitting a facsimile ot the 

6 message in' a graphic forni of any sort auoh as • writing. 

type-writing, picture, photogtaph or the like. Seoreoy is 

obtained by trantm1tting a aeriea of impulsea caused in 

10 

16 

part by the message to be tranallli tted and in part by a 

control in graphic form suoh a1 ~ wri tine, picture or 

random arrangement of dots ot lines. Suoh a control does 

not necessarily have any intelligibility in iteelf. It 

opera.tee u a random key. At the receiving end, a duplicate 

of th1a control is employed. Thia duplicate control i• 

moved _in eynohronim with the znovements of the control at 

the transm1 ttinz ond, and cauaea a ·aeries of impul1e1 which 

c~oporate with the impulaea received trcn the tranm1tter, 

the interaction betueen the two 1erie1 of' impulses serving 

to produce a facsimile of the original message. 

It 1• a:n object. therefore, of my invention to pro20 vide apparatus comprising a tran•mi•aion system including 

a transmitter section and a receiver section. Each or 

•aid aectione h&8~ ae a part thereof, an electric circuit 

including the contact• ot a plurality of relays inter• . 

oonneoted in auoh a way as to cause a plurality of impulses 

26 to ciro\ilate in aaid cU-cult. In the transmitter section 

~ese impulses-repreaent the combined effects due to the 

. measage to be trantmi tted and to a control element. An 

impulse. can· only occur in th111 circuit when both or the 

relaya h•ve not moved their cont&cta to the eame position. 

SO . In the reoetver 1eotion these impulaes represent those 

,. 

r7 

d 
--REF ID:Aios219 

caused by the original :m9aaage, sinoe the impulses due to the 

control have boon removed by tho UfJe of El. dup~icate Of the 

control.in the roooivor seotion. 

·For a further expoeition_of _uq invention reference-may 

5 be had to the annexed drawings and specification at thG end 

ivhereo.t' the novel feo.tures of my invontion will be speoH'ioa.lly 

pointed out and olaimed. 

In the drewingo 

Figure l io a oireuit diagram of the transmitter with 

10 parts daaignated by blocks bearllig appropriate labels. 

-.. 15 

Figura 2 ie a tabulation illustrating the impulses 

comprising the intel_l igenoe tranami tted. 

Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of the receiver in block 

form~ 

· In the one. embodiment of my invention which has been 

selected from among_othera, my device hi shown ae cnmpriiling a 

transmitter. section having a motor 1 dl"i ving shaft 2 carrying 

tranapare~t drum 3 surrounded by rnes&&Ge sheet 4 &nd alao carrying 

transparent drum 6 surrounded by control sheet G. rfi. thin drums 

20_ 3 6nd 5 arc- located electric li!Lmps 7 ·and 8 whioh eerva a1 eouroea 

of light arid which are energized from a source of electricity 9. 

Opposite lamps 7 and 8 so as to receive a beam of light therefrom 

and., respect1-v:ely, under the control of messnge iheet 4 and control -

sheat 6, are located light-sensitive cells 10 and 11 whioh form 

25 parta of circuits i11oluding amplifiers' 12 and 13 and relay coil• 

14 and 15~ ihese relays also include movable contacts 16 and 17 

biae_ed, in one clireotion by springs 18 and 19 and. in the other 

direction by coils 14 and 16, respectively, -when these coils are· 

energized, and eng&gin~ one or the other of stationary oontaots 

30 20 and 21. ~ontaots 16, 17. 20 and 21 torm parts of a eirouit~ 

including a source of ourrent 22 !.nd relay coil 23, whi,.ch, when 

/7 
10 

15 

20 

so 

REF ID:A10521·· 

energi?.ed, attracts movublo contact 24 into encage:rnent with 

etationa.ry oon:tact 25., overcoming the pull of 1pring 26. Contaote 

24 and 25 control a circuit inoluding transmitter 27 havin& a.n 

output slelnent 28, 1hown ns an antenna •. 

At tho place to wi~ich it is doair~d to trahsnrl,t the 

i~tell1t;enoe, there ia: ~ooated a· recei vint;; s;,rs~em having Ii recei ving element, indicated a.a an e.n~cenna 29, i'orminG po.rt or 

reo~ivor 30 'Whioh is oonneoted into circuit so as to control relay 

~u 31. This r3lay a.lao includes movabla· oonta.ct 32 strosaed 

away from coil 31 by sprinb 33 and oo-oparating with stationar;r 

o..>ntaots .34. Uotor 35 drivoa shaft 36 oa.rrying transparent drum 

37 surrounded by second oontrol shoet 33, Which is a duplicate 

of cQntrol aheet 6. 'i1ithin dru!ll 37 ia located eleotric lamp 39. 

ener&ited by a eouroe of electricity 40. Opposite lamp 39 ao a• 

to rece1 ve a beam ot lit)lt therai'rom undor tho control of second . 

control eheet 38, is loc~t•d 11ght-een•1tive call 41 which forDUJ 

a pc.rt of a.circuit including .amplifier 42 a.nd relay coil 43. This 

relay abo include?& movable oonthl.ot 44.bla.sed in one direction, by 

spring 45 and, in the othor direction by coil 43, when this coil 

is energized, so as to enuat;o one or the other of etationo.ry cont&ots 

4G. Contacts 34 and 46 form o&rt& of a circuit inoluding a 1ouroe 

or electricity 47 and a relaJ' coil .48. Whie relay inoludn aovable 

contact 49 stroso$d away from ooil 46 by spring 50 and co•oparating 

with s·i:;fil.tionary conto.ot 51. Contaota 49 11.nd 51 are pu.rts or a 

o'irouit. 1noludin(; a souroo of' electricity 62 and coil 63. v.rh.1ch ia 

the oporating elonu~nt or a fnc$imile reproduo&r of ony convenient 

type. 

The operation of my devio& is ae follows: Th• message 

and th~ eontrol she&t1 are in auy graphic form such as a wri t:t.~&i 

printing, drawing. uhoto,re.ph or the like. 'l'hsy may bo said to 

consist of plurali·Ues of spots or elemental parts ~&ch or which 

I 7 

-
e. REF ID:A105219 

/ 

is either black or whi~_dependinc upon the part of the m.eseage . . . 

w.hioh it forms. ·Relative cove!llont 1s provided ·be~een lfll11p 7 a.nd 

me1.H1a~~ ehaet 4. between lamp 8 &nd control sheet 6" and betwaen 

lanip 39 and ~eoond control sheet 36 in any con•eniont manner here~ 

5 tof'ore uaed in tht1 B:rt of facsimile tr1u1emission. Thie causes the . ' 

bea~ of libht emitted by eaoh lamp to ecan every apot or element 

of the meesBge or control acaociat~d with it. In the transmitter 

this eoanning thue produces a sories of impulees in the amplifying 

circuits throuch thm action of the li~ht 3onaitivo cello lO nnd 11. 

lO For convenience.of description, theoo im::mloec can bo said to be 

produced by ble.ok ispota in the neosl\<;e or control. Thua coils l' c'..' 

. a.nd 16 a.re energized every tioe o.n impulse occurs in the amplifying 

circuit assooia.ted ther(With. The action ot tho relnya controlled 

by these·- coils r>roduces in the ciroui t asBoo1ated with them a series 

15 of i?!ipulses distributed 1n timo aa ahown in Figuro a of the draw1ng1 

in which the torm nxn represents an impulse~ 'i'hiG figure DholTS the 

four possible cases. Thus . it- will be_ se8lJ~).n-eo-lumzi 1 that energizing 

coil 14 by raeseaGe sheet 4 without onerctz!ng coil 15 by: eontrol 

aheot e. causes an impulse in the circuit containins coil 23 an4 

· 20 . labeled 11.h'.esult'' in Figuro 2. Thia energizes ooil 23 i.nd cauoes 

. transmitter 27 to emit an impulse. As 00611 in column 2., when both 

coils 14 end. 15 are ene?"gized no. impulse appears in the circuit 

containing coil. 23. As seen in column 3, enorginin0 coil 15 but not 

energizing coil 14 aauees an impulse in the circuit containing coil 

26 23. Column 4 l!'JhoWtt that when no impulsa is present in either amplif'iez12 or. 13 and. consequently, neither coil 14 nor 15 is energized. no 

impulse appears in the cir~uit containin~ coil 25. To put it another 

way.· ru1 impulse only appears in coil 23 Olld, ·thorefore. an impulse 

is only sent o'1t from transmitter 27 when ooils 14 and 15 are c.ot in 

80 the aamo condition, i.e. are not simultaneously energized o~ de-energised. 

This.is due to tho faot that aimultanoous enei-&ization or de-energisation 

II 
REF ID:A10521. 

~\ 

of coils 14.and 15 causes movable oontacta 16 and 17·to engage 

stationary 20 and 21_ respeoti vely~ which are connecte'd to the 

same side.or .Polarity or source 22. 

The series of impulsoe e11tl.tted by the output element 

5 28 or transmitter 27 is received by the input elen:ent 29 of receiver 30. Each impuls~ so· received ene.rgized coil 31. ~otor 

55 produces r~lative tr~vement between second conttol sheet 38 and 

·1ilht 39 so that control sheet 38 is scanned in synchronism with 

control 1heet 6. Since second control oheet 38 is a duplicate 

10 of control Gheet .61 coil 43 is energhed in •ynchroniem with the 

energization8 ot coil 15. ·Referring &gain to Figure 2. the line 

labeled "lt~1:1ult" represents the impulses which pass through receiver •' . ' . . 

30 and ener~ize coil 3lz while the line labeled 11Control" repre'sent1 

the simul t8.neous impuls~a ca.used by oontrol sheet 38 tilld. which energize 

16 coil 43. Figure 2. column 1 shows that when there is an impulse in 

ooil 31 and nono in coil 43. an impulse is produced in coil 48. which 

is represented in Fit;ure 2 by the line l&beled "L:ei:rnage". Follow!~ 

through the oth~r columns of FiLuro 2 shows that ~hen ooils 31 and 

20 in coil 48. Like•dse., when either coil 31 or 43 is !l>norgized When 

the othor te de-ener6izad., coil 48 is energized. The onarblzation ot 

coil 48 causes coil 53 ·co be enert;ized and coil 53 oporates a. stylus 

or other markinb moot.aniam and thua message sheet 4 io reproduced. 

17 
REF ID:A10521-

1. An apparatus for secret facsimile transmission comprising, a 

oi rouit controlled into ei thar of two posi t{on3 by the movement of. tho 

messae,e to be transmitted~ a second oircuit controlled 

. ./ .-:· ... · , 

two positions by the movement or ·a crunoufla~'\_el~men9 

into either of 

a tran11mitter 

6 &rr:anged to reait a eignal intorra1 ttentlyJan interlock provided between 

... said oireui ts and said transmitter 80 that sai~. trnncsmitter only sends 

ea.id aign.e.l when both of said ciroui ta are not. in the eane position, ta. 

• receiver in co:rmr;unication with said tranamitter to receive signals·taere- ~~ "'J ·\~ .... ;/'·'- -

' l. .._ (. f I 

trom nnd to bo controlleJjinto either of two pooitions;.,:t;hereby. a third 

10 oirouit controlled.into either or two positions by a duplicnte of aaid . f.A',• ./ '•f •·; '· •C 

ca~uflaG~!~loo;e~t)~vtng in e:;-nohronism. therewith, a second interlock 

'· 

provided betv1een said reoeiver and said third circuit eo that aaid seaond • -.r- / 

/:J,I,<;-( -{_.r- r • 

interlock only tre.namita a ai{:,nal when said<:eceiver) and said third oirouit are not in the swne position, and a recorder controllod by s~id 

16 eecond intarlock to reproduoe the meHag,,. 

5 

2. An apparatus tor eeoret faoaimile transmission oo.lllpr1sir..g, a 

scanner controlled by the movemant of the messoge to bo transr.dtted, a 

ciroult oontrolled by aaid soaru1er into either of two pooi tions,t(a.. · 

~a.moufla,e element~ a second s~anner 

c&moufla~e~~t:Q~~second circuit 

controlled by the movement of the 

controlled by said seoond soanner 

into either of two poeitiOns, n transd.tter. arranged to transm.i't; a signal 

or none, -an inter.lo4 provided bot·ifeBn said ci?_"oui ts and said transmitter 

so that said transmitter oniy sends said signals whon both of eaid cirouito are not in the same position, a receiver ill oomzr.unioation with aa1d 

(i ~•Y) (l,i q_,:,1l-.'.t;i~_ 

10 transmitter to receive sign.ab therefrom and to be controlled ;uito either ~ ,,,, 

of two positions by a duplicate of said. eamoufiage~;~~-j/~mcving in _ 

synchronism therewith~ a saoond interlock provided between sa.id said 

receiver and said third circuit so that said second interlock only 

AJA kr;, 

tranamito a signal when se.j,d(~eoe~~~;and said third circuit are not 

15 in the same position, and a recorder controlled by said second interlock 

to r.eproduce the message. 

( 7 
REF ID:A10521. 

S. An apparatua for eecret taosimile trana..'ldssion oolllprioing, a 

cirouit oontrolil•d ieto either or two posit:tons by the movement ot the 

aessllg a. tn he tranaalt.ted, a second oirouit controlled into oither ot 

~-",/'--

. two positions by the movement of a. camoui'la.1.,;o(ele:me~,) 11 transmi ttar 

6 arranGed to emit a.si~nal or none, an interlock provided between aaid 

oirouits. aud said transmitter so th~t 1aid transmitter only eends aaid 

aie:;nlll T.)1en both of said circuits ar9 not. in the same position, a reoeive-r 

in co:n;-;r.mica.tion with said trnnsr.i.itter to receive si:;no.15 therefrom and 

UtliM~~, a~~ 

to~e controllod) into ei thor of two pod tions ·thereby, a sot'.Ulner controlled 

~~~,..,' 

10 by a rluplicate or said cnmo~flu1.:e(ehmtt•·e )movi::i:.; at the samo speed, a 

third cirouit oon·trolled by RB.id scanner into eithor of two position•• a 

.Q.A.Ak·~~ 

. second interlock provided between said(recoiver)and sa!J. thi.rd ciroui t 

so that aaid second interloolt only tran1mite a signal when aaid receiffr 

and said third circuit a.re not in the same posi tiou, and n recorder con15 trolled by uaid seoond interlock to reproduce the massa~e. 

4. An apparatua for secret fao1imile transaiaeion oompriaing, a 

e1tou1t controlled into either or two poeitione by the scanning ot the 

meaoalbe to be 'transmitted,, a light·-eenwitiT& oell forminG the control 

element of said c1rouit,, a second oircui t controlled into either of two 

5 position• by the scanning or a camouflage element, a aeoond light-sensitive 

10 

c.ell i'orning the control element ot aaid eeooncl circuit, a transmitter 

arranged. to eait a signal or nons, an interlock provided between said 

cirouit1 and •~~id transmitter so. that said tranellllitter only sends said 

signal when one of said oiroui ts is enEtrgized by one of ••id cell• in.to a 

difrerent position rrom the oth6r of 8&id circuit•. a receiver in com.-

'* t: 

munication with said tran1mi ttc r to re eei vs signal e there.fro• and to ~! V• . ..i!' ". 

a 4...V~~:J "') controlled into either of two poeitione by a duplicate ot 1aid camouflage 

element moving in eynohronism therewith, a eecond interlock provided b•· 

t"WCten eaid rec•iver and eaid third circuit so that· !aid aseond interlock 

~!~, 

15 only transmits a signal when said(recdiVe~)and •aid third circuit are in 

different positions. and a recorder controlled by said aeoond interlock: 

to r~produoe the aesoage. / 7 
REF ID:A105219. 

u. l.i't:1ans for secretly tro.nsmitting gr£ip1lic inforr..ation, said 

metma oomprisin!;,, a messai,;o in 5raphio fom whioh it is desired to tranami t, a scanner arrangc_d to ~ce.n a.nd reproduco s.aid meesabe. aa n seriea 

of electric impulses .of Vllrying intensity, a acreon h~vinG varying 

5 portions, a second scanner arranged to scan and reproduce the variations 

of said screen as a second sorias of' electrio i1ilpuhe11 of VR.ryine; intensity, a. relay connected under· the control of said scanner and s.rranged 

to be moved b;,r each of said impulses to one. of two positions. a second 

relay connected under the control 9f eaid second scanner and arranged 

10 to bo u.oved by each of said second impuloes to one of two positions, an 

electric circuit includin~ parts of said relay~ and adapted to be closed 

oDly when thero is instanta.neoualy en inpulse in either s9ries but·not 

in tba other. a.tranemitt3r connected under the control of aaid eleotrio 

circuit so as to emit impulses whenever said. circuit is olosed. a. re15 ceiver arranged t.o receiTe the impulsee emi ttcd by sllid transmitter and 

havinc, an output comprisinf; a third series of electrical impulses or 

varying intensity. a eeoond screen duplicating said firat mentioned 

screen, a thi,rd scanner a:rranGed to e.can synchronously with the scanning 

of said aecond scanner and reproduce ~he variations of said eecond20 screen as a fourth series of eleotrio impulses of varying intensity, e.n 

elector~meohanioal interlock oonnooted under the control of said third 

and of 8&id fourth series of impulses and arranged to be enerGized 

whenever an impulse oocura in one of eaid third and fourth series nnd no 

impulse occurs aimul to.neouely in the other of said. third and fourth 

26 aeries~ and a recorder oonnooted.under the control of said interlock 

and arranged to operate whenever aaid interlock izs energized a.nd to 

thereby re~roduoe.' said :rosssage. 

// 
e REF ID:A105219 

6. Moans for seoretly trnnamitting craphic i..""tf'orcation, said 

r,aeans oo~prising, a mcoso~o in eraphio form which it is desired to tr8Ds• 

mit, a scann~r nrran~ed to scan nnd reproduoe said message ~s a series 

of electrio impulses of varyine intensity, a screen having varying 

portions. a oecond scanner arran~ed to scan and reproduce tho variations 

of said soreen atS e. a.eoond series of electric ir.1pulnes or varying intenoity~ tin olector-me.oh!W.loa.l interlock oonnooted undor the control 

of' both of said aor:i.os or 'itlpl<lsea and arranged. to be energized whenever 

o.n impulse ooours in one of ·aaid aeries and doos not oocur· simultaneously 

in tho other of said -series, a. transmitter connected under the control 

. . 

of eaid intarlo~ so as to emit impulses whenever said interlock is 

energized, a_ recei var arrs.rigod to roooi ve the b1pulses emitted by 

said transmitter and hnving ll?l output comprising a third series or 

eloctrioal impulaes of varying intenai ty, a second screen duplicating 

said firat mentioned screen, a third scanner arranged to aoan synohronoualy 

with the scanning of said saoond scanner and reproduce the variations 

of said second a·cret!ln as a fourth aeries of electric impulses of varying 

intensity, a second elect110-meoha.nico.'l interlo.ok. connected under the 

control or said third and of _said fourth series or impulses and arranged 

to be ener5ized whenever an i~pulee occurs in one or said third.and 

fourth :!eries anc! no impul !le occurs simul t&neously in the other of .said 

third and fourth serie3, and a recorder conneoted under the co~trol of 

said second 1nterlo~k c.~d n]:"re:nged to ope.rate whenever, said second 

interlock ia ·:energized and to thereby. reproduce said mes.1rn.ge. . : 

I ( 
5 

10 

16 

20 

25 

so 

• REF ID:A10521e 

1. Moans for ~eoretly tranS?llitting graphic information, said 

means oomprising, o. moosai;e in graphio form which it is deoi.rod to· 

transmit. a scanner arranged to scan w1d reproduce s~id mossacie as 

a .. series of olectrio impulses of' Vllrying inton~ity,. a acreen hnving 

varying portion&, a seoo~d scanner· arranged .. tQ. scan and reproduce the 

variations of said aQreen as a second aoriea of elootrio impul~es ot • t . . 

.varyini; intensity. a relay connected under· the oontroi of said scanner 

and arranged to be moved by each of aaid impulses to one of two poaitions, 

a eaoond rola;y connected under the control of said scoond soanner &nd 

arranged to be moved by Oil.Ch of 3aid socond impulsos ·co one of two po,;. 

sitiona, an eleotrio circuit includin~ ~arts of said rolays and adapted 

to be closed only when there is instantaneously an impulee in either 

series but not in tho other, a transmitter connected under the control ot 

1aid eleotrio circuit so ·as to emit impulses Whenever oaid oirouit is 

closed, a rocaiver arranGed to receive the i•:ipulaes e!Jlitted by said.transmitte? a11d haTing an output comprl.eing a third aerioa or. eleotrical. 

ittpuleos of varyint; intensity, n second screen duplicatin~ said firat 

mentioned screen, a third sca.nnor arraneed to seen synchronously with the 

sca..-uiing of said second sotlll?ler and reproduce the variations of said 

second screen as & fqurth· aeries of eleotric im~ulaes or varying intensity, 

u third relay connected under t~c control of said third scanner and 

arranged ti;> be moved by each or said impulses of aaid fourth series to 

. - . . 

ono or two positions, a fourth relay connec~ed under the control of said 

receiver and a~ranged to be moved. by each of said impul s&s of said third '. . . . . 

' . 

series to one of tt'fo positions, an eleotrio circuit includin~ po.rte of 

said rolays and adapted to be closed only when bhere :is . instantaneously an 

it1pUl(Je in either said third or 3tl.id fourth ooriea but not in the other, 

and a recorddr connected· under the control or said circuit and arran&ed 

to .be energized whenever said circuit is closed tQ record the origi:ia.l 

me a sage. 

17 

--
.e REF ID:A10521-

8. The md).thod of transmission which inoludes sendin& -a facsimile 

transmisai_on, and mea~s for increasinb tJ.r10 ~eoreoy o: _the J-raiys.nd.asionK 

~ f'.~r /tt-J.,.·._;r--t:/ ~"d·.~..,__, i"M..4&,.'r-~~M~~~--<~4~•t-.' I 

9. The method of :sooret r:ieosaGe tr1t11sl!liedon wh.ich includes taking 

the followinb steps u't the trans!lliasion sta~iorp writing ths ·message. 

scanning t~e ••ritt~n m!l.t't\l:r, ceno·r~tin~ a eerios of- inpulsos due to 

the oonnnin~. said imp1.4lse:i occuring due to presence o~ abeenoe of 

5 written matter ~~t the instnnt of the i1upulQe at the point scanned at 

at that i~stant. _ int.er:>oaing in and removinc; irnpulaeo from said series ot 

impul3es according to a predoterf:lined plan nnd trans~itting the resulting 

strea'!I of inpuls0s to the rocoivinc station; and tl'.kint:; the f'ollowing 

sto2s ut the re_oeiving station= rooeiving the stream or impulses, re10 moving i .qllUlses that wera interposed in the eorios of i:"!l.pulsee at the 

5 

transmi ttillb etation and. e.dding impulses thnt were renovod from the 

aeries or impulse8 at the trnnsm:tting station; whereby to effectively 

reprocuoe the said series of impt:.l ses that di reotly rasul ted t'rom said 

scanning. and recording the_ lnst-naraed reproduced series of' impulse. 

In a system of seorat fa.osi.vdlc transf:1issic!in, u trc..nsmi tting 

station oompril'!linr.; first and oeoond elements or ':f:iich each olornont is 

adapted for operation to a pluralityct' position~, scanninb means tor 

o;:.eratillG the first ot ea.id elements to control its poni tion, means 

for oonti'"olling the polii tion o!' the necond element_ in an irrebular manner 

_ aocord;.ng to a pre~et!Jrminad lm•; and o. reoei vlnt; station comprising 

third and fourth olet.1ente of whioh aac:~ ale~ont ia adnpted for operation 

to a plurality of pouittons, ~aans 1"hereby the position of tho third 

elel116nt is controlled according to tho conjoint action nnd in dependance 

10 on the r~lative position or the first o..nd second elements, means tor 

controlling the fourth elem"nt in tho swne irregular nanner that the 

second element is controlled, and means responsive to the .conjoint action 

.and acting in dependance on tha ralativc positions ot tho third a.nd 

fourth elei:nente for reproducing the origizlo.l :neasa.ge. 

17 .. 
REF ID:A10521-

IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF I affix --~-

signature 

· (Sign here, first name in full.) 

0 A T H 

, SS 

- William r. Friedmful 

the above-named, petitioner __ .being duly sworn, depose~ and say.!_: that he ia; __ a 

citizen of the United states ot America 

and resident of 3982 Military Road, N~ w., Washington, D. c. 

that verily believes himself ---'--- he . to be the original, first, and sole ------

inventor of the improvement in System for Enoiphering,"Facsimile 

described and claimed in the annexed specification; that he do es ·not · know and do C)S 

not believe that the same was ever known or used before his invention or discovery 

thereof or patented or described in any printed publication· in any country before hil!I 

invention or discovery thereof, ·or more than one year prior to this application, ·or in 

public use or on sale in the Uni t.ed States for' more than one year prior to this 

application; that said invent.ion has not been patented in any country foreign to the 

United States on an application filed·by him or hie legal representatives -----

or assigns more than twelve months prior to this application; and that no application 

for patent or said improvement has been filed by him ----- or _____ his representatives 

or assigns in any country foreign to the United States, except as follows: 

(Sign here, first name in full) 

SWORN :t.o and sub'scribed before. me this, day of·. ------ ---------- 19 43 

(Seal here,. to be. impressed 

. in: paper.) 

Notary Public 

W-3952; AC 
WHEREAS, i William F. F.rit1Jdman 

of 3932 Military Road, N. W., WashinRton. D. c •. _, h9'fl ii:J.venJ::.e9- certain improvements in 

for which the undersigned cm even date .herewith. 

executed. an applicat_ion _,for Letters Patent of the qni tod Sta:tes; and 

. \ 

WHERBAS, the invention was made w:hil8 the undo~sign8d was_ in the employ 

of the War Department, and pertains to a device usei\ul in the National Defi;lnse, and 

the 

and 

WHEREAS, The Government 

entire right, title, and 

'-\ 

of the United States is \desirous of acquiring 

int~rest in and to the s~id invention and in 

to any patents that m~y·issue there_on. I 

. \ 

\ 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises\ 1._nj one dollar (tl.OO), 

the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the undei:"signed have sold, ussibned, and transferred, and by these presents do her(by sell, assign and 

transfer unto the Government of the U!ii ted States of j ·nerica, as represented 

by the Secretary of War, the entire right, title and :i._:1t0rest, throughout 

the Un~ ted States of America, and the territories and ·l_lependencies thereof, 

and not elsewhere, in and to tho said invention and to'the invention ll.S described in the specification exec.uted Ly the u.'1.dersigne;c;l. on even date 

herE5With , preparatory to obt,<J.ining Letters Patent in the· United States ,therefor, v~!ld. to all Letters Pa~~ent issuing thereon and any continuations, divisions, ronewals, and reiss~es or extensions 

of such Letters Patent; the suid entire right, title and ::interest as well as 

the control of tho prosecation of the application and all\contin~ations, re- . . I 

issues and di visions ther0of to be held by the Government ()f the United 

States of Ame!'ica ( ~s represonted by tho Socreta.ry of War) '.~nd all Letters 

Patent including any divisions, reissues, renowals or exton~; ions thereof 

as there are or that may be granted, to be hold-· by tho Gov0rr.•m::mt as fully 

and entirely as tho sam0 would have boon held by mu had this ·~\ssignmen~ and 

sale not been made. The unde::rsigned hereby gives the Govorrune'nt of the 

United States of America the non-exclusive right to make, use, \"Jr sell the 

invention for governmental purposes in all foreign countrios. 

\ 

Provided, however, that. upon any subsoqucmt not'ico of allowaii. ce of said 

application or of any renewals, substitutions, divisions, continua{~.ions, or 

continuations-in-part being given by the Commissioner of Patents, tl'.:e entire 

right, title, and interest in and to said invention and sai·Ci~hpplica~ion or 

any renewals, substitutions, divisions, continuations, or continuatiohs-inpart, nnd such patents as ·mny be issuod thereon, will thereupon revert to 

:tJW'S~lt . . . subject to an irrevocable, non-excl'-1.si vo, and royalty-free right and lic.ense 

remaining vested. in the United States of America o.s r1~presentcd by the 

Secretary of War, to mc.lrn, hnve made, to us0, <:~nd to sell the subject matter 

of said invention for gov.ernmcntal purposes only, to the full end of the 

term or terms for which A.ny L_otters Patant, divisions, reissues, renewals, 

oxtcns~.ons, continuations or continuations-in-po.rt etre or mo.y be granted. 

Vii tn0ss 

Before mo, a notary public in.and for the 

n pp ear o d tho ub6vc-n~mod -----------------

-------=--=-~---.,-----...,.--- -:------------::..,.--=--,..,.--,,.----,------·, personally !mown to mo, who 

in my presence oxoctited the foregoing assignment and aclmowlodged that his 

execution thereof wets his fro.:: act ~md deed. 

(Seo.l), Notri.ry Public 
' 

. e REF ID:A10521 • 

L I C ~ N S E 

W"'rtEREAS, I, William F. Friedman am an employee of the Government of the 

United Sta.tee ot America, f:Uld 

WHEREAS, in pursuance of said employment the undersigned has invented certain imprevements in System for Enoipharing Facsimile 

for which the undersisned is about to make application for Letters ·Patent of the 

United States; and 

WHEREAS, the nature of my employment, and the conditions and circumstances 

under which said invention was made, are such as to justly and lawfully entitle 

the Government of the United States of America to have a non-exclusive license 

aJ:ld right to make and use said invention, together with any and all improvements 

thereen and inventions relating thereto that the undersigne~ has ma4e er may here- . ; . . ' 

after make while employed and engaged by the United States Gover-nment; 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises the undersigned does hereby give and grant unto the Government of tho United States of America a nonexclusive license to m?Jce, to have mad,e, to use and/or to sell, ·said invention 

as described.in the specificati~n executed by the undersigned on · :eveB date 

berewjtb ~aid non-exclusive license to extend 

to any and all Letters Patent which may be granted for said invention, (including all divisions, reissue~, continuat1ons, nnd extensions thereof) together 

with any and all improvements thereon and inventions relating thereto made by the 

undersigned while empleyed or engagod by the United States Government, or fer 

which the undersisned may hereafter me.kc applicati,n for Letters Patent while employed or engaged by the United States Government, reserving to the undersigned 

in ea.ch case tho .unrestricted possession of all other patent right.a not hereby 

or otherwise licensed to thEl Government of the United States of America.. ~aid 

license hereby granted or a.greed to be granted shall extend threughout the Unitod States, its territories and dependencies, and all foreign countries and shall 

continue in force for the full term for which said Letters Patent may be grante~. 

SIGNED at W~. , State o~_...__' _S--., ______ _ 

thi ____ ~--1-h._-· _____ day of....,._.· _x_· _Jr-_. ________ , 19-41-

Witnesses: Signed: 
l'forolV' 12 

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