---·--.-....... --~ -· - -

REF ID : A363201--- · 

Thie invelition relates to a. devioe or •ohine,. whioh ay be 

u•d eith~ ae a. orypto::;raph tor enaiph.ering and deoiphering 

oommtmioatio:r..a • or as an authontograph ~or -testing the 

authenticity of messases. 

!'he primary object or this invent:~on ii to prorlde • 

oryptograph or cipher deYice nich ia simple in oonatruotion 

and mainterw.nQ.e. but nevertheless a.ttordll a high degree or 

aeourity. ia light and readily portable, a.nd oan be readily 

diaaasem.bled and rearr&llgod to -ya.ry the cipher keying elements. 

Another object ot this invention is to PJ.'"OVide an authentograph. that is,. a device for testing the authenticity or a 

message or signal, thereby providin& 'ID8&118 tQr assuring that auch 

a m.easar;~ or sigr.al originated at an a.uthori1ed a·oi,;.J"O& and is to 

be considered authentic. 

An addlt:f.".>n&l object is to provide a. novel keyboard tor use 

with a ceyptograph and an auth-:ntograph. 

. Another object. is to provide a novel method tor the 

authe~tica~ion ot messages. 

other obje ots ot the invention will becC'm!-::- apparent frcu. a 

reading ot the f'ollowL.g speoif'ication and olai!':ut. 

In the dra.wingss 

l'tgure 1 ii a. top or plan Tiew wit\. the covora closed. 

Figura 2 is a top or plan view on an enlarged scale with the 

keyboa1·d cover and parts or the rotor oOTer CEitted. 

Figure 3 ia a side elevation with the covers closed. 

Figure 4 ia a oross acation on line 4-4: of Fig-are 2 with 

the rotor oover ..:x-u.itted. 

Figure 5 ia a. perspective view of the rotor latch. 

Figure 6 i• a porapeotive view o~ "the rotor actuating 

:mechanism. 

...2-

eclassified and a roved for r lease b NSA on 7-2 -2014 ursuantto E_Q_ 135 
REF ID:A363201 

Figure 7 ia a diagram showing schematically 

the eleotric circuita a.nd the eohanical operating 

Figure 8 is a Tiew ot a. portion ot the device .. 

illwstratin~ a. modified keyboard and awi tobing means. 

Figure 9 is a Tiew of a. rotor such aa is uaed 

in the device of this inventif"n. 

The embodiment of the invention a&leated from 

among others f'or illustration in tho dralfings and 

description in the apecitica.tion is as tollowa. 

Raf'erring to Figure 7 • the dert.ce trill be seen. in 

general. to oor..sist ot a. source 10 ot &leotriOi ty. 

connected to a pair of wires 11 and 12 across •hioh a.re 

ooim.ected a plurality (in this instance. twen'tywaix) 

i:n.dica.tora lM.. 13B• 130, etc. These indicators are 

illustrated aa be:mg electric 18.lllpa arranged beneath 

a keyboard and indicator panel 1(. (see Figure 2) and 

ea.oh arranged to illuminate one perforation closed by" 

a transparent cover 15 bearing one letter 16 ot the 

alphabet thereon. Panel 14 is seciured in place over a. t.f"• ~ ~,~~ 

~ psket 14' ot soft rubber or the likefr A.crosa hnes 

ll and 12 are also co:tnlected :manually operable switches 

17A. 17E. l7C .. etc., each in eeriea With one ot the 

inilica.tora 13A. .. l3B, etc ... arranged for operation by 

puahbuttom 18 projecting tbro~,gh keyboard l.f.. in 

proximity to the covera 15. 

I 

• 
REF ID:A363201 

Connected toe ea.eh o't the indicators l3A. 13:8, etc •• i• a 

11.ultioonta.ct eleotrio awttoh, generally indicated as 19. !'h 

com.prises a number of relatively juxta.posable and rota.table 

oryptographic 81fi tohing Jiheels or rotors,. 19.A.s l91h 19C,, and 

l9D1 in ea.aca.de, ea.ch rotor having a plurality of spring input 

and output conta.ots 19 1 thereon (see Figura 9), and a final 

wheel l9E, which may hereinafter be called th& reflecting 

rotor or rerlootor, the output contacts 0£ which are 

connected in pa.ira .. 8.EJ shown diagr~tically at 20' in 

Figure 7. Each el~ctrioal path,, as 20, through the rotor 

system 19 lead$ from one statio ... '1.S.l'"'.f oontaot 2on th.rough the 

oryptograpb.io rotors. and baqk,, through 20', to another 

stationary oonfa.ct 20". Theae paths or circuits 20 are 

rearranged each time one of the rotors is turned. 

In conductor ll there is a normally-closed electric 

~ switch 21. Between one of the indicators. in this case 

13E. and m.ul~i-contact switch 19, there is a normallyolosed electric switch 22. In parallel ·with -•ire ll is 

wire llA oontai:r,ing an authenticating switqh 23 having $ll 

operating handl"' 24. Wire llA also contains a normally-open 

hitch 25., 

'furning novr to Figures l, 2,. a.nd 3 for a disclosure of' 

'the mechanical feu.turea o.r the invention., t:i.e devioe is shoVIU 

as enclosed in a casing 26 to which are hinged or otherwise 

attached a back cover 27 and a front oover 28. 
REF ID:A363201 

The tron-c ooT$r. p.roteotil'lG the keyboard. iis secured to 

ca.a~ 26 by means. ot -. double hinge 2si., 28". Tb.is arrangement 

permits the cover to tit snugly upon gaaket 14='• th6reby to 

proVid.e a substantially aust~proot a.nd"IN.ter-proot closure for 

th• kfey"board 14,, ana yet permits :i.t to lie flat in front 

ot' the mach:i.nc or to be .f'clded therebenee.th. 'rne baok part ot 

the ca.aing 2e_ o.dJa.ceni# the rotor a.eaembl)r. ::i.a provided 

'With a lip 26• (aee Figure 2). Eack cover 27 ia adapted 

to .f'it over this lip,. and r.a.s a. gasket 27' • wh:ioh :provides,, 

upon closure of the back cover• a. dwit-proot e.nd IWiliturec( pr-oo~ seal. ~H_Cc.cc ~ ~...,-~ •t.....u.~ ~ "'-, 

~ ~ I-· ·+-4-' -:v~ '~ ,,...~ '~ "' •• ,a..c.a;;.c e, . In the top ot casing 26 there i• e.n openil:lg 29 through 

which o. counter SO is -visible. Aa ia meet ree.dl.q seen in 

Figure 6• casing 26 b&a W<> project1ns walls 26A and 26B.1 ~ ta4.&.--t"f-w 

o...._ ..... fL-t.J... "-1 - ~ 'l... Co c. 

'rho cryp~ogr!"phio nitohing aeeombly 19 is retai:c.ed between 

these 'W.llc by a. meohanlam. Tlhich nll :now be doccribed. P.ll 

26A. ha.a a.n orifice tr.erein thrvugh ldu.oh 'fllAY be pushed p:i.n 30A 

having a .knurled head f>l (Figure 2} and a latch 32 oooperating 

with a. retaining spriug 3.>. Also _vivoted on n.ll 26A. i• a. 

•prnJg latch M o-r U•shape. one arm be;f.ng bent back pe.rallel 

to the other. 'l'he free end 34-A of" latoh 34 :t.S per1'01-ated 

to allow pin 30t .. to pa.sa through it and beara oa,..i aurtaoea 

35 thereon. Statio:ltlry cam 36 ha.s a aurta.oe oomple:.ientary 

to cam surfaces 35 ao that -.hen latch 34 i.s moved trom. the 

... 5. 
REF ID:A363201 

aubatant.:i.all;y horisontal position. in which 1-h U. ahovm in 

Figures 2 .. 4,, and a. into tho Yer'tioal. position,. in which 

it ia shown in Figure 5, the free end MA of latch 34 l.8 

maved a.•7 frooi. •ll 261 and oompresses the entire rotor .. 

reflector assembly ao as to ineure good oontacta through 

the spring om.tacts 191 thereof. 

~e Janue.lly opon.ted means tor rota.ting th• 

,cryptographic rotors 19 will next be deaoribed. As aeen 

in ll"igures l~ 2,. s.- and 6, cuing as bas a recess 37 in it• 

top into which ti ts a. plunger aona:uting of :fingerpieoe 38 

hav:tng a. 81.iding tit in the reoeas and a rod 39 upon Which the 

tingerpieoe is mounted. .Rod 89 oawiee t1•Shaped atirrup 40 

to turn on its pivots in wa.111 26A. and :26B. On stirrup 

40 :t.a a. oam 41,, whJ.ch actuates follower '2 fast on 

shaft 48 ot oounter 30. Stirrup 40 also ha.a a Jllltmber 

"4 to which cpring 45 ie a.tta.ohed and which carries oam 

fa.ce 46. Detent 4:7 is pivoted at 48 in walls 2.6!.. and 

26B and is atressed by spr-uig 49 ao iPha.t ~ 50 engages 

cam face 4'>. Sp.ring detents 60 normally hold rotot-s 19 

in their rela.tiTe positions but allowl:lOVement of these 

rotor~ under the aotua.tion ot pawls 58. Deten~ teeth 

61 are moved in and out of the ratchet depreasioJ:UJ in the 

•Ul'taoe of the rotors 19 upon ea.ch m.ovoment of stirrup 40• 

as lll.ll be herel.n&tter further described. 

-s-
REF ID :A363201.· 

C<!TNF··:e · 

',~-. e ... 

·~A ~i~f:. 

Stin'up 40 earries a. pin 51 on whiclt •re pivoted a 

plur~lity or eam-and .... pa.wl devices,. 6&., 53B,. 5$0.,. and 53D# which 

are urged by springs 54 againat the rotors (see Figur&ij 5-fmt:l 9). 

Dence 6SB..., f:)r example (Figure 6). ha# A O$fl); 65B and a. pawl asa. 

and these are adapted to ooope?"ttte, respeotively.- with ratchet 

depressions56 ot rotor l9A and pt!Lwl notch .65:0 on the rotor l9B. 

?he:· operation of' thia devioo is u f'ollow; • Cover 28 

~ i• opened to expose tho uyboar~'~t, u frequently happens,. 

llmita.t:to:ns of sp&ee re.quire,. tho cover~ 'be folded back be. 

neath the :ma.chine., For e.noiphering or deoiphe:ring. handle 24 ia 

operated so tba.t Sirltoh a:s is open. irhat puah button 18 'Which ii 

usooiated with the .. aired letter is depreaaed and the 1nnteh 

controlled thereby i.1 operated# For cample (to a.cipher the 

JA,ttar E)., it push bu:~op. 18 usooia.ted with t1- letter E i• 

~ :f~1\ " depressed,. ni tch 1 "ra.1 i& th.~reupon olosed, a:nd oomiection ts made 

' ' 

tram battery 10 through lin& ll• •witoh 21. line ll:a. switch 11£,, 

lamp l~E. and J.intt 12 back to source 10,, il.l~ting J.aaip l3B. 

Thia: action alao cloaes connections fro:r.1. battery 10 through lines 

11., lln_. through .witch 17E. then along li?l.(t llC, through Pitch 

22,. line 20,. thence through rotors 19A.11 :a, c. D and retleotor l9E,. 

rotors 19D,. c. :e. A. to line 20B,. lamp l.3Z., thence through line 12,. 

back to source 10,. I&m.p;1. lZE Md l3Z, are ttimul~oualy lighted .. 

and this: indic~tes that the cipher equivalent of' the lef.rlier E ia 

z. fo deoiph!!ti" the letter .Z,. the push button 18 usooia.ted with. 

the lettel." Z ia depr.uased and the ci:rouit i3 as f'ollow1u ba.ttery 

10,, line 11• indtoh 21,, line 11n. #Witch l'TZ. lil:t& 2o:a, through th& 

_.,_ 
rotor-reflector assembly, line 20, switch 22, line 110, lamp 13 E, line 12, 

back to battery 10. Lamp 13 E would be illUlill.nated, giving E as the plaintext equivalent of z. At the same time the lamp 13 Z would also be lighted 

by the closing of switch 17Z and by a circuit which is essentially sJ.lIIJ.lar to 

the one described in connection with the closing of switch 17E. Thus, since 

rotors 19 connect all the lamps 13 A, 13 B, etc., and all the switches 17A, 

17B, etc., together in pairs, each letter has another corresponding to it. 

For rotating the cryptographic rotors 19 and thus varying the connections 

between the various pairs of lamps 13 and switches 17, the plunger 38 is depressed, stirrup 40 is rotated about its pivots and the members 53A, etc., 

moved. A pawl 58 will mormally ride on a rim 57 of a rotor, and, under these 

conditions, its associated cam face 55 can not enter a ratchet depression to 

step an adJoining rotor notwithstanding the urging of its spring 54. As soon, 

however, as a pawl falls into a pawl notch 55D it and its cam member move 

upwardly somewhat the toward the rotors and the latter engages a ratchet 

depression. Then, on movement of stirrup 40, the rotor in question is stepped. 

It will be noticed that, in view of the manner in which tang 59 of device 53A 

underlies device 53B, etc., device 53A can not move up·wardly unless device 53B 

has so moved. The pawl member of device 53D rises on each on each operation 

of stirrup 40, as it drops over shoulder 581 of member 601 • The result is 

that rotor 19E steps each time the stirrup 40 moves, rotor 19D steps once for 

each revolution of 19E, 19C steps once for each revolution of 19D, etc. It is, 

in other words, the cam face 55 engaged J.n a peripheral slot 56 and J.mpelled 

by rotary motion imparted to it by plunger 38-39 which actually serves to step 

the rotor. The cam face cannot, however, enter into one of the notches until 

the cooperating pawl enters an auxiliary notch 55D. 

Whenever a cam 55 dropS into a notch 56, and the movement of the plunger 

39 is completed, the corresponding rotor 19 is moved one step. This re-arranges 

the connections through the rotors and connects different pairs of lamps 13A, 

-8-
REF ID:A363201. 

GON~10ENTIAL ..... .,. --'""· 

etc.• together~ · Counter 30 u moved one numeral beoa'U.1Je 

t'ollowe?" 4Z ia depressed by cam. 41. and apring retw:-ned. 

Detent 47 prevent• ov~ratepping of the rotors 19 beeause 

teeth 51 enter notches in rotors 19• 

A d.-ta.!led description <:>? tho operation ot the 

done& u an a.uthentograph f'or insuring the authenticity 

or a message or a signal illfill no•~ given. .Aaauming 

~bat agreement ha.a been. pl"&vioualy ·roached by the two 

partie• concerned as to the wiring 0£ the severa.l roto:ra 

i!Uld their arra.11gement in the devioe. the counter is set 

to zero,. and imi tch 2~ is closed by enapping handle 24., 

Plu.ng&r S9 is then depressed. opening switches 21 and 22 

and closing switch 25. This movement moves oounter :SO 

on& position torwa.rd and also one or :more rotors 19 one 

step. The f'ollowing eirouit is then &$tabl.iahed; Source 10,. 

line 11, line lU.. .. closed awitch 2S.,. olosed switch 25,. 

line 2-0 .. thenoa through the rotor system to llhiohever la.mp 

ha..ppel'lB to be paired nth lamp l3E at the m.auent. Suppose 

it to be x:. -the cireui t to la.m.p 13E is a.t this ti• open 

at Pitch 22 ao that la.mp E ia :not illuminated but only the 

lamp correspond.ilig to its enciphered equivalent. namely .. x. 

!he letter which is thus pail"ed with 13E beoo:m,ea an authenti• 

Cfl\.tor,. which Will. o:f oou:rse. be duplicated on -.. m.ohine 

silllile.rly set ·t:o the aa.me key. 

Yow •upposa that the de-vice is being used to 

auth.entioa.te a plain-language lil$Se&ga sent trom .ate.tion A. 

to station B. RaVing tran.snitted the message. station A 

opera.tea its device a.nd finds the authenticating letter to 

-s-
REF ID:A363201 

19e I'. tep: exu.pl.e. !bis le~ is ~tted as tho attthenticatiO'rl; 

I 

.te.Uon :B, operating its devioet fi2:J.ds tho.t I 18corree~d1*ute-11 

mrranted in its belief' that 'the aessage c=e;; :rra:i an authomed 

soarce. m~ the next. authentication, the letter l'1ill be dift'e3:'4 I 

\ 

ent, s:tnee om or more ot tho rotors will have beon advanced on the 

~tion or the pl'IIOg~l" :;e. 

To rem.cvo the rotors 191 coirer Zl is opened, latch 34 

l1CVCd from the upright :position of Figure 5 to the horizoi;;t.;.l 

position or Figtn:'e 6 wh1ch allcr."i"S can 35 to enter the conespolld.:tng 

groove in ste.t!or.v:lry e<...m 36. The compression. on the rotor assembl1' 

is relisYe<'! a:id, rt.en p:tn :;o ie removed, tho rotors C!l.n be ~ly 

J.1rted out. To replace the rotors they m.•e mere~ set in their 

e.ppro:d.-ie.t~ poa~vions, pin 30 pushed 1.hrougll wall 26l up to it& 

bead 3li and 'tatoh 34 raised. !n t!le preferred eabod5Juen't.11 the 

latcl..., 'When lowered, e:..-te?lds be;rond the end ot w.ll 26A.. It 

thU3 prevar..t'? t'te closi."t~ of the res.r c?Ver 'Z1 • Since the back 

e-:ver should nor:nn.~- be closee, ~lie feature mentioned serves to 

e.ss'tl?'e ~t t'h.e h.:~cl: will be up a.td the rot-or•reficc•,,or assemb:cyD 

T.l:e mor-:il'icatio1w of Fig'..n.~o 8 inc~ :i. V~"'lC OO..."l.el 

60, si.?1.i.12.r :in uppe~~ca to t'!te v-terln$ 1~l CJ:d kq~ 14 of 

f.l .. A~~ilrlμ~ e., ~,~ho 

l';.;;i.r.rC' r. !:i iJl~ce o£ pus"! bt4ttons l~, ho~, Yie-;:ine pe.nel 60 

is proiti®d rl.th conta.cta ori..ly1 as 61. These contacts, ~s ahOii'll, 

~ I 

c0m1~ r?'9=' J'J:y o:f small circular elenent3 of condu.ot.inf; material. 

all colllleeted b,y a C.Ol".t!On :.Tatum wire.. l2 to the batte!Y l'J,. With 

sm.tc .... us 17.a., 17r.1 "'tc. I!i .1.Jluce 1.1r the push Ll~ttons lS, a sizy'lua .. 6: !s provir"ed nri 1.1?-..is oay be considered. to be cc:nr..ec~·l to conduetOl' ll o~ P:.i.gwc3 7 • E:t\ciphermc11t or deciph.ermen.1; is accom.,t">lichcd bs 

m.---0 1£ con""wa.c~ ~~-;;ecn .:~yl·r·.s c': a.nr! ~ d.esirod. co.....-taet; 61 on pmel. 
REF ID:A363201 

The a\,O'l'8 deaoription ia in apec:ttf.o term8,. but. 

it ia to ~ underatood that the ittnm:f:iott. i• not lin:.itecl 

to the precise atruoturea and circuit& ahown and described. 

Inetead,. ror the true- aoope ~ the itlT0'11tion,. retere:n.oe 

•hould be h&d to the appended o-laiu. 

I cla.i'll.1 

o-•----=07"-- -,c; - --cc-- --- ============================-:111111:.11 
a 

REF ID:A363201 

i. la a ~l'h haT1ic i-elative~ rotatable electr!o Ito 

nltehff ~ 1n ~ \he:rGin; a~~ -ite ~ ~ 

t'ar! ..,..., operat!on,. WM wooia'fittd 11'11ih Aid ~ am. cooperat.-

fas 1ffOll Cllp.remr!c:m ~t with ono ~ -.i.d el.eotrr!c ad:~ho:3 tar 

~~ clisplac!l'IC thG -., WM aasooiat&a with said ~~ u4 

~ U1G1 ~ tbcr1'eot with~~ m:toh -

mtgalarJ¥ diaPikcin« the w a.fter a ~~ ~ ~ 

....- or -14 f'1ntt ~ awitch,. anet a lftke operable bJ' said 

~ iibrough & ~ion comwctiou ~~ l*Gtm:1ng SQ1'e i;ban & 

•••had a:agalar- cli~nt ~ aiv- mtch. 

Z. Xn a ~ph:, the combirx:.tion of a. ll0'1fCO of ~, 

• pl.uralit7 ot ~and outpu:b eontccts, a. plui'3lJ.ty of' ~~ca.t4.Jg 

de'd.oea each with a. ~ open cil'cu11; ~ it and an input ccn• 

tact ad a ~ open ~tit between 111 and ~· oubp.it CO?l.tMt• 

am a .-itch wo.o!ated ld.ifb. -.ch ot aaid ~mica\f.ng ~ end. a8apteft 

1IMn. oloaed to complete ita add fhtat ~ ~it ud one ot aaJ4 

~'1.na;tiou at Cla:la 2, rni"I~ 

~m:aU~ idxtng rotor#, the ~ 01*1 c:S:rcutt beliY1eea.._1 

..- :UJg device am. tt.- aa1d outpit eontacta wll24!nc fJa1d ~>.rib 

5. na a ~zi1, a. plu:r:alit;r or ~Iflic rotora., 

~ ~ aD1 cutpu.t canta.cte adapted to be~~ 

a pdn throU£b. &&Id l'OtoJ.ts. an illl:lcator cmmected to each ot .sa. 

dattona:q cc:mta.cttt, a Ritch usoc!at.ed with -.ch inclice.tar, aa1. a 

-.cr!OB ot OUtTeltt 'Dherob,r -ths closing 0: C4J.6 Gr -.id sritobes w1U 

o1orle a. cdzoctd.t ~a ael.ectod 1Dput; contact ud ita MSOC1&.ted 

tlSlicatar' am an out;put ancl. ita SnUca.to.r. 

I 'V - - . 
REF ID:A363201 

. - •, : -~ 1 ~ ··-·-=J ~-: 1 ~ f _,.'!;'", _/~ ~~'°-

/ 

'• ·!be~°' Ola.ht !)1 ~ ~~..orize<l by 

~ tw stepping the re+~. 

1. 'the ~or O:.tabi 5, !'~~ci• c..~~-$ed w a 

~F ~ :ti!~xadapted :&11. a-~o~w ·~a rotor~~. 

t. ~ combination rit..'1. a ~z;raphiederl.ce ~ a 

pl:ural.i:l\r o.f ~ il'.;ttltS for the ~i;erg to be enci~"e\11 

a p~t,' ct- eloot.t-ieal otttpu.ts £or t..tw ene1phem. equi~'Jnta ot ~ 

v -14 ~, a. 'V'iewing i:enel ((>r the ·u~ :l:mlttrlir;tt a le.ml> tar .ch 

I 

· ~, a switch uaociatoc with tw.eh lamp a?ld. nth a $)tlrCC ot' 

~. attt. a. p.in:t""-1it;" of' c:!rcui't$ enalt including saiii. ~e. Ol19 

er ·said switcl'~s; a. J.em.1) associated ~cwith. an input cOl"l'&r:poniting 

to the el:u:....~ter ire~d. bJ' ~ lamp1 and a la.mp earrc~..z; w 

the ontput ~it..wd with ~be 1aat me.."'J:t~.one{l input, ~ the ~lt>$-

1DS ot one of ~ mdteM~ 'iJ'1ll ~a. lamp ~r«-e...~L"JZ a e~ 

to be encl.~c a1'.¥1 s. lap representing the el\eiphored equivn.lent of 

edd~~-

l:t a ea·3ptograp~. the ~tion or a pl.'ura 

,_, ot said ~D.a'ractora,. 

.., like i.ncl11d:li'~ a lamp tor 

""' 

inpt..~ ~sp<>niHre iL the ~tar ~li.ted 

O'.lt;ut a.asocieted 

:,, ~ ~t, ~eb:r a ~t bet.. n said eonta,crt;.-

~:bel!' and one oJ: add e®tacts will light a le.aap re ~ent~ th.$ 

pbered. OC{t'd..valellt or laid ~~. 
REF ID:A363201 

--

r 10. In an ~-t t ~ or ~~ a pl:ara.U.1" 

or ~ph!o l"Otars• at.a.ti~ non~~ t.o ~~ .1~ 1 ' vrJf;;:·41£ tf ~~::Uyt_ ?~~-U=» L ~-: -

b pd.rsc variabl8 ~ ~ ro~, en ~~to taCh ~"-r '\ ... t ... ,...._ .. , ') ~ fr'..f.,.'..V,,.I~+)' ;~,'f.A,/ t'/Htc.,. 

or ad.a ai"Ationa:Q' ~~ ~ :vJVJ116%( or tha W:._,)ad~ tlhin &.-

~to~ ~J.r ane Ol" ~or .aid ~tars~a. -11cit 

tfv... ~ ~1.A.U-(J f 

eoo:ttv'll,,,&~& JoiNUit ~tn ona 4'ta.ticnaX7 CCll.tao'G abd amthar atA-- 1-

(\ ,r--:-:;__.,_..~tj,,,,,.J/h.~~ rJ-.4.,,._, XVV"ik>~~ 

t;l,onar,r ~and. its imica:ta:t",,~e.rd. & ~ MlWl)T ~ mtoh :~..-,~u)lli~ r j_£47" ~J, / 1 .......... ,~.....-- t ./:" ' / 

1Wpted to ~...i.-1"¥~~ti1;o ~ti» ·UiMoaW "- '~.,.~ - liA'.'lkt,( ~~ .... >~1ti'.Vf,"1 ~ (~ut.Gd with .t4 ~ on:i,,- u- -.1d .w.~ ~ ~ 

~w~ L/ 

11. ln. 4 oi»W.JJ!ltion with A ~~(~-to) 

C~~ •1~• re~~ oharaote:ra tot. ~~red~ to 

ldx 

~ 

tho a$pa1s ~~~bath:~ .m, 

t;;,,,.. w>c!~ ' 

... an wtbonti<sa.tor ~ actuated -

•pa;t ~ter aJM0C1atect. ..tth. ~ mva ~ .. f;> 12.. J)l «at1m.tion 14.th. ~ ~ ~ \o 

~'*"""'--eip,Ja ~~to 1- «nci~ aJX1 

crJ"J~~ib10 ~ in eaaoa4e -ror td:dna tbo id.e-

.i.,. J1eUB ~<Te' :1'3lii~t.bi wan l»th ~am eoiotpbot'ea 

~. ~ ~~ irt&i;ping th$~. £wt~ the 

cte,Po of aeJ.c1 rotara. and an ~ntJ.oatoX"' «da.pted ~ Aalll~ 

bdioate tml,J' the-~ ohe.r'..a~ i?mt@teneow~ ~ 

-------- ~ ot ~ a:i.~tar a~ 

DOll:i¢'Jatin; clla:a:.atera to- a Nto ~ ~o ~ 

~ 1ili1® i!lioluies l'OOOnUxlg tht ibe ~ ~~) 

th8 enaiphared o.qui~ ot • ~ °"'.:z'U:'GOi'l4J':~ 

1-.../ 
REF ID:A363201-

-

bav.l'ttc u !npt\t e.134 ici outPi'tt comaot fca:r -.. ebanc• 

1fbioh OOMFUea ~ ._t .=-1~& ~ ~ 

~t .m au-~ cqnttJre ~at~ ti. tu~• post .. ~ ' . 1d.ou ct W.d. ~~ .a~ the ~ equtvai.t <4 trbe 

~tor u.aQO!f.ted with Wd IXN40 bplt -...tact ~ !mos 

oon.Utiom ot u,14 ;t'Qtf>ra. 

15.- 111 & ~h CQb.~\1.1 )'Jma:U..\r ot Ntcr.1$ ~ 

~. a l&toh - atl'e-1ng -.ia. rota.'wl 3Ja. :tt!on, ~-

• ~ --o! •ltw •fier141 ~.. ~t&Uf' 

4*m11tea ad. the ~ .a ,.._ - ~~!Ml, mrel1a<:t 

Ol'1\ Q.t ~with Olle- fJD4 ot iibe -.14 ftW•_,. A call~~ lU& f'.t'lt 

.-id ta:. -,, ~ a ata.t.ialarr C8.1ll coopen~ w.tth sd4 

~ to ~ sa1c! ~ 9114 1tllen aia lAtall ls ~ •bou.\ PiM• 

16., J)l & ~ ~ 4 ~. of desc,tr: • 

t). ~a ftitcbtng .i.~t fee -®. 1111' be utsl'-1 in • 

~ 1ot.cm,, ... of: !11114 at el~ ~\\Pl*~ ilcl 

~ .. - # - - ~..,, eul!; llld.'lic!Wla ~. ~130ftll:d frtJf a ~ of the oba:No- c!e:.mLllGd;:t-

- - - ---:: -----.-- - .-:-- -- - -- ---'~.- - .• --:--. • ------"";"'~- ---~. -- -.. - ~~...--;--:.=--r-~-==-- - - -.-::------.,.-::-------:----;:--~ 
REF ID :A363201- -

.. 

3JJ.. 1n. a ~ .f0%' A ~ oZ the dmao- deam-ib'4.,_ 

-- & awi'\ek te -.ch cba:tu~ wh!clt _,- ta u~, a pU6. butt. ~J A. 

(tM. 21b ~~the~ -1~upoii4e~iouc1ose & md.wb, an iMi«:a.tor ~ •ch c.lwaot~l"' Jlhieh JTJq be' uw:lMr!,. 

ft.Oh '4 sd.4 Sad!.oa.to:rs ~ a4Jacen.t to ce t:4 said ~ llllttom,. apt 

~ tm: oomeo~ -14. ind~s:t~·· and. •1d mtehea ._ .. a.~ 

•ion ot • ~~ton 1f!l1 ~~· ~ ~~ djacent. ~to aut1 

~~icata,f" ~~~' 

19.. Xlt a. del1.ce or the charao,_. ~ ~ roto1W 

~ l\t.~ dep:oa~ in tbel ~1~ ihtreot -1 • pawl aotob#< ct.. 

._.. ~ et&;ppina tho. rotora molnwU.~ a. ~ ~ ~ l:tb )ba'dl\c 

a limited~~, ~ ror ~lT hol4.i.lw td.d ~la 

a ~p&l'&tiW ~'t!ont a. pl't11"ali'tv ot ~4Pl·PDM1. davioeft ~ 

by -.id -~- & ~ bo1llg adapted f(Y.V' -'Oop&ratktl WS.th & ~t 

- ~ssion ot a. ~ «1l4 a pe.wl. 'beixl; adapW »a.e ermpen.UOn with & 

ps,wl notch of ~~ ~=-,;. mearm ~~aid ~ • ._. 

~t. ~.n aa.id. ~ £•~-·ca.a or a. ~-pawl.~ 

f;o eoopem.~ '411.th & mtoh.$t d.e:PJ,!eBtdon of' a ro• • ttl3l:l. ,_.M 'll1J:' ~ 

v=t~ another ~ f':1:om COf.>po•ttos w.1.th a ntohet tie~lon I>! 

Ct>~ Ni»l:' -1,fllt; the P&'lfl. ~ .said ~ Jtmt.tioned ~·p!wl de22., 2he 1nftni;.1(1h of Cld!2 l9t ~ ~iaed. 1:w" .... 

~ 0-d&td tf!!l&th(<m tb.c ~.a..~ 1WOA ~1; ol Mi4 ........ 

3NP ft:»: ~ 111.tc ~ 19!.th •tebat ~toaa ot 142.e ~. 

~'bl' to prfttn.1; OTO~~. 

,, ·---·-·----------------------- 

------
REF ID_: A363201 

.OGNFJDENTlAL 

a3. "The :i.nv~..1 of Ola..i.m 19; .t'1:7.rther cb:lx'acter~d bJ' 

Q, 

s~ detent( or th$ l.tk~pted to ~st, in the ~tebat depres""' 

eioluJ o£ t~ rotars to inbibit. the :rota.titm ~. 

e> ~-.....~~~~~~ &Uthellt~ifin41 -.chi#e fibstan-

'7 
REF ID:A363201 

1. In a cryptograph having relatively rotatable electric switches 

arranged in cascade therein, a plunger arranged for manual operation, 

means associated with said plunger and cooperating upon depression 

thereof with one of said electric switches for angularly displacing the 

same, means associated with said plunger and cooperating upon depression 

thereof with another electric switch for angularly displacing the same 

a~er a predetermined angular displacement of said first mentioned switch, 

and a brake operable by said plunger through a lost-motion connection 

for preventing more than a desired angular displacement of any switch. 

8. The combination with a cryptographic device having a plurality 

of electrical inputs for the characters to be enciphered, a plurality 

of electrical outputs for the enciphered equivalents of said characters, 

a viewing panel including a lamp for each character, a switch associated 

with each lamp and with a source of current, and a plurality of circuits 

each including said source, one of said switches, a lamp associated 

therewith, an input corresponding to the character represented by said 

lamp, and a lamp corresponding to the output associated with the last 

mentioned input, whereby the closing of one of said switches will light 

a la.mp representing a character to be enciphered and a lamp representing 

the eJJaciphered equivalent of said character. 

18. In a keyboard for a device of the character described, a 

switch for each character which may be utilized, a push button e.xl;ending 

through the keyboard and adapted upon depression to close a switch, an 

indicator for each character which may be utilized, each of said indicators 

being adjacent to one of said push buttons, and means for connecting said 

indicators and said switches whereby depression of a push button will 

energize the indicator adjacent thereto and another indicator to show 

the enciphered character. 

. -·· """-~--- - .... 

....... , 
- --------- ~-·---·-- ----- ----------~-- - ---- - ':l -- . t 

\'· .. 

19. In a device of the character described utilizing rotors having 

ratchet depressions in the periphery thereof and a pawl notch, means for 

stepping the rotors including a stirrup having a limited rotary movement, 

means for normally holding said stirrup in an inoperative condition, a 

plurality of cam-and-pawl devices carried by said stirrup, a cam being 

adapted for cooperation with a ratchet depression of a rotor and a pawl 

being adapted for cooperation with ~ pawl notch of another rotor, means 

for moving said stirrup, means dependent upon said movement for causing 

a cam of a cam-and-pawl device to cooperate with a ratchet depression of 

a rotor, and means for preventing another cam from cooperating with a 

rachet depression of another rotor unless the pawl of said last mentioned 

cam-and-pawl device is also cooperating with a pawl notch. 

22. The invention of Claim 19, further characterized by means including 

detent teeth dependent upon movement of said stirrup for moving into 

engagement with ratchet depressions of the rotors, thereby to prevent 

overstepping thereof. 

25. In a cryptograph including a sourch of current, a plurality of 

indicating devices, a normally open switch for each said indicating device, 

a plurality of permutable electric paths interconnecting said indicating 

devices in pairs, and means· for permuting said paths, two circuits closable 

by closing each said switch, one including said source of current, the 

closed said switch, and the said indicating device thereof, and the other 

including said source of current, the closed said switch, one of said 

perm.utable paths, and the interconnected said indicating device. 

26. A cryptograph a~cording to claim 25, further characterized by a 

manually operable switch, and a further switch having two operable positions 

interposed in a selected one of said other circuits alternatively to connect 

in its first position the permutable path of said selected circuit to said 

normall:y open switch thereof and in its second position to connect said 

permuting means for causing said further switch to assume its said second 

position thereby to close an authenticator circuit including said source 

of current, said manually operable switch, said further switch, said 

permutable path of said selected circuit, and the interconnected said 

indicating device. CONt":JDENTIAL 
REF ID:A363201 

CONFIDENTIAL 

23. The invention of Claim 19, further characterized by spring 

detents adapted to rest in the ratchet depressions of the rotors to 

inhibit the rotation thereof. 

-CONFlDEN r1At 
. ·-· -----~--=--:0-----:---. -:--:::==---c--:=--=-c:-. -:--::._::--:-_-,:: __-:;::_._':C_._,..._ ==~~=-------"'!"--."'!!!--"!"!--. --"'!"'!""~---"!"'. 11!'!_!1!11_ ----~----.'"'!! ___ • 

REF ID:A363201 

25. In a. cryptograph including a source of current, a plurality of indicating 

devices, a normalJ.y open switch for each said indicating device, a plurality of 

permutable electric paths interconnecting said indicating devices in pairs, and 

means for permuting said paths, two circuits closable by closing each said switch, 

one including said source of current, the closed said switch, and the said indicating 

device thereof, and the other including said source of current, the closed said 

switbh, one of said permutable paths, and the interconnected said indicating dev_~ce. 

26. A cryptograph according to claim 25, further characterized by a manually--.operable 

switch, and a further switch having two operable positions interposed in a selected 

one of said other circuits alternatively to connect in its firat position the1·permutable 

path of said selected circuit to said normally open switch thereof and itt its second 

position to connect said permutable path of said selected circuit to said manually operabl 

switch, means operable by said permuting means for causing said further switch to 

assume its said second position thereby to close an authenticator circuit including 

said source of current, said manually operable switch, said further switch, said 

permutable path of said selected circuit, and the interconnected said indicating 

device.