REF ID:AlO~Ol .., 

~iA.~ DEP AR'l'MEN'l' 

Office of the Chief Sie;nal Off ioer 

:iash:ingtun 25, D. C. 

In reply refer to: 

SIGLG-3HMS 8 September l947 

. Sub.iect: Applications of ~'d.lliam F. Friedman, S.N. 1aS,868 and 478,193 

To: Chief, Army Security Agency 

The Pentagon Building 

",/ashington 25, D. C. 

Attention: V..r. Stauffer 

IncloseP, herewith is a copy of' Patent Office actions dated 22 April 

191~7 for each of' the a.bove";"'mentioncd ar;μLications. The delay in forwarding thece actions is regretted. 

FOR THE CHIEF SIGNAL OFFICER: 

2 Incls 

Pat Off actionsre 

S. N. 478,868 and 

S. N. 478,193 

' 

/s/ Harry M. Saragovitz (ep) 

HA·!·'R.Y U. Sl8AGOVITZ 

Patent Counsel 

Legal Division 

@'pp roved for Release by NSA on 09-11-2013 pursuantto E .0. 1352a 
• REF ID:AlO~l ., 

1. There is no apparent objection to the dolmgrading of this ma.terifil or 

its commercid.l exploitation 

2 The most important pr-oblem mvol ved in downgrading cr-,fptogI"aphic 

Jnformation is the protection of systems in use or considered f<r use 

by the Ur11 ted States. After thl.S, release of any cryptograph, should, 

it seEJT1.s, be conditioned. by the answers to the quest10ns 

a. Is there involved a novel cryptographic pr-mciple, salut10n of 

which is unknmm? 

b. )lfould problems of intercept be enhanced by the use of '\he 

cryptograph? 

3 To the 1I1J'11.ediate problen, the answers are as follows 

a The Vernarn rule is a well-known cryptoeraphic principle. .Al1 ti,ough 

it 1s generally thought of as directly related to teletype, its application 

to fa cs J.IllJ.le is a lDgical extens 10n 

b. Intercept of material enciphered by tlus device oresents no greater 

problems than those J.nVolved in the intercept of clear facsl1l1J.le Enciphered 

transnuss10ns could, as a matter of fact, be recorded by st.mdard facsJJI11le 

equipment. 
REF ID: Al OS Jail 

From D-43 1 Sep 1 45 

R0om 662 

EML g US M'TENT OFrICE 

APR 22 191~7 

UAII ,11,D 

Paper No 7 

Address only 

Ccrn.nu.5sioner of Pa.tents 

All corirnmications respecting this 

applica.tiun should give the serial 

number, date of filing, clld na.Me of 

the applicdilt 

and not any of .:'icial by name 

DF~PART'KHTT OF C0l 11 iFCh 

United C)ta"Les Patent Office 

RIChl'ClID 20, VIHGIIlIA 

Please find below a cor.:JT1unica"Lion frain the EXAHIN.bR in 

charge of this application. 

/s/ Casper H. Oorns, Commissioner of Pa.tents. 

11Tra D. Hall 

Applicant \/n 1' Fried.J'l'l.8I1 et al 

Ser. No 

Filed 

For 

478,868 

Ma.rel:> 12,1943 

c/o The Chief Signal Officer 

Hurutions Bldg. 

SThTE~' 1' OR :CNCIPHERIUG A>""'l 

F ACS Il fILE f'\ ) 

Ha shingto n, D C • 

The Secrecy Ord~r of record in this a, nlic c.tion has 

the General RescJ.nding Order dated August 30, 191~5 effective November 30, 

19M, 57S O G 281 

~esponsive to a.M.e~dment filed Oct. 14, 19~6. 

Additional reference made of record. 

Finch 2,066,261. Dec.29,1936 178-5 

The original of thl.S apphccition consisted of 

claims 1 to 5 • 

Claim 11 to 13 added in the ar.iendment of 

Oct. 18, 1946 have been renumbered to read claims 6 to 8 

Cla:un 8 is rejected on the grounds of reading 

directly on tre FincP reference above cited. 

ClaJ..I11s 1 to 7 appear at present to be allo\1able 

, 

Ey aITJ.iner