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53 

·- · ') Paper No. 16 

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111111 DOI H7 olftclal br - UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 

RICHMOND 20, VIRGINIA 

· dale or ftlt•i. and _-of 

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Please 11.nd below a communication from the EXAlVINBB In 

cl&arge of this application. DC:~ 

Casper W.O~!r)llpai:ZB~ibtJ~a!J 

llPC lll-lll'31H 

William D. Hall 

Patent Section 

Signal Corps. War Department Washington, D.c. 

1945 

Applioant:W1111am F. Priedman,etal 

Ser. No. 70 ,412 Filed Mar. 23, 1936 

ror CRYPTOGBAPHS 

Responsive to amendment filed September 12, 1945· 

The claims in the case are now 1-44. Claims l-20. 

22-33 and 36-39 stand allowed. 

Claidl 21 "according to a law dependent on the 

output" seems to state that there are several applicable 

but different laws &ny one of which may be operative 

for any setting of the perts. It seems impossible that 

more than one "law" can be operative at a time, for 

example in the set up illustrated. Would not the law 

•xpress the thought better than 11 a lmr"? 

&1nes 1 and 2, which 1\:i.ements 8 are electrically 

interrelated? The claim is directed to patentable matter. 

Claims 34 and 35 are agH1n rejected. There is no 

invention in any of the steps whether done by a machine 

or done by hand with a pencil and paper and an A-B-C 

code book or otherwise. There is no limit t~ the 

number of t1rjes the plain message may be coded, and the 

code further coded. The rejection of these cla1~s of record 

is repeated. After operating ony other cryptographic 

machine, as for example, any of these of record ther~s 

no 1nvent1on 1n operating aprllcant•s. Obvl~usly ~sch 

machine will have to be operated according to the structure 

present, just es the operator of a present day typewriter 

will find it necessary to operate old semi-circular 

Hammond or double keyboard Sm.:.tn PiD"emier machines according 

to the structures there present. It ls not patentable invention to make the proper movement. 
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REF ID:A39671 

• .. :, 

·:· . .: ... ... --.. . ·. ( . . ....... ' 

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Serial Bo. 70,lμ.2 Page 2 

Claim 40 recites "commutatorsn but does no~ 

set out what kind of commutators are meant. The examiner 

making this action tirat learned the term frm a tinJ' 

motor run from a bat,ery. The claim then recites means to 

vary the rotatory relationship between commutators. 

Antecedent 15asis is lacking for "rotatory relationship". 

The claim then sets out some more commutators and means 

for supplying signals and f 1nall7 means for "utilizing" 

the outputs without stating what is done in "utilizing". 

The claim 1s rejected as setting out apparatus having no 

practical utility. '?h~la1m does not define the inTention 

first because it does not set out what the appai-atus is 

and second does not set out what it is for. 

Claimslal and 42 "maze or the like" is indef1nte 

because alternative and these claims are therefore rejected. 

Claims 41-44 are rejected on the same grounds as 

cla1:s 34 and"35. 

It is queried how applicant wou~d apply his method 

to controlling any of the electrical apparatus of record 

for eDmple Korn•s. It seems that applicant's method!lm.ust 

be applicable only to his own apparatus and if so they 

are not patentable since there is no invention in using 

apparatus as it was intended to be used. The invention 

in this case lies ib the apparatus and not in the steps 

• 

required to use the apparatus for its intended purpose. 

Bxaminer. 

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