# Patent

## Title
Closure security seal with time-recording feature

## Abstract

A single use security padlock-style lock for sea containers, bonded warehouses, trailers and other storage areas where security is necessary. The lock has an electronic timepiece which displays the time and date in a tamper-resistant case. A shackle is extended through the hasp or closure of the area to be secured. When the shackle is engaged in the lock body, the timepiece display is interrupted providing an indication of the time the area was secured. Each case carries a unique identification number.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This application is a CIP of Ser. No. 10/198,826 Jul. 18, 2002 ABN and is a CIP of Ser. No. 10/385,939 Mar. 10, 2003 U.S. Pat. No. 6,933,844.


FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a device for sealing a closure member and more particularly relates to a device for recording the time of securing a closure such as the door of a truck trailer, freight car, sea container, van or other enclosure.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
When goods and freight are loaded into an enclosure, such as a freight car, van, truck trailer or the like, the enclosure is usually sealed at the point of dispatch by means of a security seal. One type of seal is a metal or plastic wire which passes through the latch to plates on the door. The seal may be provided with a number, time and date of sealing. At the time of delivery, the seal is inspected to see if it is intact.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,118,057 shows a reusable seal consisting of a body and wire loop, the ends of which pass through holes in the body and are clamped in position by plungers actuated by turning a drum rotatively mounted on the body. A pair of visible balls provide a color code which is changed if the drum is rotated to release and unclamp the wire loop providing an indication that the seal has been tampered with.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,779,589 shows a closed loop security seal for detecting unauthorized opening of the closure means of a freight car, meter casing or the like, which embodies a flexible, plastic strap formed at its opposite ends with relatively engageable catch-and-latch portions for locking insertion with a cooperative channel keeper. The strap is formed with tamper-deterring shoulders arranged to cover the ends of the keeper upon locking insertion of the catch-and-latch portions of the strap within the keeper.
While there are various approaches to providing security seals intended to indicated unauthorized opening or tampering of the closure door of a freight car or similar enclosure, these seals generally have disadvantages. While mechanical seals of the type described above can be engaged to appear locked, when, in fact, they are not. Accordingly, it is not uncommon for individuals involved in the loading operation to apply the seals in a manner so that they appear secure when, in fact, they are not engaged. This allows subsequent removal and theft of contents at which time the seal will be engaged so that the container, upon arrival or upon opening, appears to be fully sealed. It is estimated that tremendous losses of stored goods, cargo and freight occur in this manner.
In an effort to provide a higher level of security, various electronic devices have been developed. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,766,419 shows an apparatus for recording the opening and closing of a closure member which provides an electrical signal upon opening or closing of the closure member. An electronic circuit generates one of a number of unique codes and stores a generated code. A display device displays a generated code. In one form of the invention, a reusable seal comprises a housing and a cable secured at one end of the housing releasibly attached to the housing at the other end. Operation of a locking mechanism causes an electronic circuit in the housing to generate a random number which is displayed by an LED display. Any change in the number displayed indicates the cable has been released.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,097,253 shows an electronic security device having a communications loop that extends from a control box across the boundary of a portal, such as a door, into a sealed enclosure. The loop must be damaged or moved in order for an entry to be made. The device is adapted to detect unauthorized entries and record the time at which such entry occurs for later reference. The device will also detect attempts to tamper or interfere with operation device and records the time at which such events take place.
Accordingly, a principal object of the present invention is to provide a comparatively inexpensive and easy to use closure seal which will record the time that the seal has been secured so that subsequent inspection can confirm this time. Thus, for example, at the time of dispatch, the seal must be properly engaged in order to cause the time to register. Thus subsequent inspection will indicate whether or not the seal was properly applied at the time of closure, or whether it was left in a condition which would allow subsequent entry.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Briefly, the present invention provides a strap-type security seal having an inexpensive timepiece such as a battery powered digital watch which will display the time and date and which is preset to an established reference time such as Greenwich time. The timepiece mechanism is enclosed in a tamper-proof enclosure such as encased in hard plastic. A flexible member such as a steel cable or cut-resistant band is attached to the timepiece module. The opposite end of the strap carries a plunger which is engageable in a latching receptacle in the timepiece. Once engaged, the locking member cannot be disengaged without damage. The seal is provided to the user with the latch disengaged. At the time of use, the user will extend the cable or band through the appropriate closing members, such as the latch plate on a door, and insert the locking pin into the receptacle which will interrupt the power to the timepiece mechanism stopping the timepiece providing a visual indication of the time and the date on which the seal was secured.
In another embodiment, a timepiece is incorporated into a lock such as a padlock having a shackle closure which when placed in a locked position in the case stops the timepiece providing an indication of the date and time the lock was secured.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Further objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description, claims and drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a prior art sealing strap;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the security seal of the present invention shown in an open position;
FIG. 3 is a view of the security seal of the present invention shown in a sealed position indicating the time and date of sealing;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4—4 of FIG. 3 showing the end of the latch engaged in the timepiece so as to interrupt the power supply to the timepiece;
FIG. 4A is a view similar to FIG. 4 showing a variation of the latch;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another embodiment showing the security seal open;
FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 5 with the security seal closed and the time of closure indicated;
FIG. 7 shows the seal locked with the time piece removed;
FIGS. 8 and 9 are perspective views taken along lines 8—8 and 9—9 of FIGS. 5 and 6, respectively;
FIG. 10 is a front view of yet another embodiment showing a padlock-style lock according to the invention in a closed position;
FIG. 11 is a side view of the embodiment of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a front view of the lock of FIG. 10 in an open position broken away to better illustrate the details of construction; and
FIG. 13 is a view similar to FIG. 12 showing the security lock in a closed position.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Turning now to the drawings, particularly FIGS. 1 to 9, a representative strap type prior art seal is shown in FIG. 1, which is simply a tamper-proof strap engageable through the lock components such as the staple. The deficiencies of this type of security device have been discussed above.
An embodiment of the security seal of the present invention is seen in FIGS. 2–4 and includes a timepiece module 10. The timepiece module 10 incorporates a battery-operated timepiece. The battery-operated timepiece 12 may be of any conventional type and is preferably an inexpensive timepiece as for example the type having an LED or LCD display displaying the time 14 and having a date calendar 16. Timepieces of this type are well known in the art and, generally, include an oscillator, divider, counter, decoder, driver and display operated by a battery. Reference is made to U.S. Pat. No. 4,398,833 which shows a representative timepiece of this type. It will be appreciated that the particular design of electronic timepieces may vary and that timepieces of this type are well known to those in the art.
The timepiece 10 is enclosed within a housing 20 and has a time display 14 which indicates the hour, minutes and may indicate seconds. In addition, a date calendar 16 is included which indicates the month, day and year. Further, an indicator, such as display 22, is provided showing whether the time indicated is a.m. or p.m. The timepiece and housing are embedded in a tamper-proof enclosure 25 which is preferably a hard, tamper-resistant material, such as a rigid and synthetic resin such as polystyrene, acrylic or the like.
A strap 30 is secured to the housing 12. Preferably the strap 30 shown is a reinforced steel cable which is resistant to cutting. One end 32 of the steel cable is secured to the housing 12 extending into a ferrule or an eyelet 34 and secured by welding, soldering or compression fitting. The ferrule 34 and the end of the cable are preferably encased or “potted” within the enclosure 25 surrounding the timepiece.
The opposite end 30 of the cable carries a latch 42 which is shown as having a barbed-like end with deflectable fingers 44. The barbed end is insertable within a receiver 50 in the side of the timepiece module as best seen in FIG. 4. When the latch 42 is inserted into the receiver 50 in the enclosure through passageway 52, the fingers 44 will deflect inwardly to allow the insertion and, once inserted, will expand to the position shown in FIG. 4. In this position, it will not be possible to withdraw or remove the latch 42 from the receiver 50 as the fingers 44 have expanded to a width greater than the diameter of the passageway 52.
A conductor wire 60 extends across the receiver 50 which is connected in the power circuit of the timepiece. The insertion of the latch 42 will rupture or break the wire, interrupting the power to the watch causing the watch to stop at the time of insertion of the barbed latch.
In FIG. 4A, the end of the cable 30 carries a sleeve 45 with a slightly enlarged end 46. The receiver 50A has deflectable fingers 44A which allows insertion of the sleeve through passageway 52A but will prevent withdrawal of the sleeve. Wire 60 will be broken by insertion of the sleeve end 46 on the end of the cable to interrupt the power supply to the timepiece thus “freezing” the time and date displays.
In use, the seal device is provided to the user in the form shown in FIG. 2 with the latch disengaged from the receiver 50. The timepiece has been preset at the factory to the current date and the time is set to a preestablished reference time such as Greenwich (GMT) time. The electronic timepiece will continue to operate, advancing the date and recording the proper date and time of day until placed in service. At the time the seal is to be used, such as to secure a loaded freight trailer, the seal will then be placed in use. The cable 30 will be extended through mating latching devices, such as latch plates 70, 70A on the door, and the sealing operation completed by inserting the latch 42 into the receiver 50.
As pointed out above, this will result in the electrical circuit powering the electronic timepiece to be interrupted, stopping the timepiece.
Thus, the time and date when the circuit was interrupted will be displayed on the face of the device at displays 114 and 116. Thus, by comparing this information with the dispatch information, confirmation can be made that the seal was engaged at the proper time. This prevents individuals from securing the seal in a manner so that it appears it was properly sealed when, in fact, it is not.
Further, as seen in FIG. 3, the sealed device may be provided with a tag or label 80 on which the individual responsible for loading the freight will place identifying information such as the name or badge number of that individual. Further, the device may be provided with a unique serial number 85 on the case and the serial information can be appropriately recorded on the bill of lading along with the identification of the individual responsible for activating the seal by securing it around the latch plates.
FIGS. 5 to 9 illustrate another embodiment of the present invention which is designated by the numeral 100 having a cut-resistant band or strap 130 securely fastened to enclosure 125 at one end 131. The opposite end of the strap carries a latch 142 having a pair of deflectable fingers 144 each with a flange 145 that projects from the outer edges of the fingers.
The enclosure 125 has a peripheral lip 126 which receives timepiece 110 having date and hour displays 116 and 114, respectively. The bottom surface of the timepiece 110 has a switch 132 which projects into the receiver cavity 150 when the timepiece and enclosure are assembled as a unit. The receiver cavity also has a pair of opposite recesses 152 which lockingly engage the projections 145 on the fingers 144 when the latch 142 is inserted into the receiver 150 preventing withdrawal of the latch and attached band 130.
The insertion of the latch will also cause the latch to engage the switch on the timepiece causing the timepiece to stop at the time of sealing, as seen in FIG. 9.
The band 130 also provides a surface for application of additional information such as a serial number, logo and an area where the person installing the seal can provide other information such as an employee name or number. The seal 100 is preferably serialized at a suitable location 185.
Drawing FIGS. 1 to 9 illustrate a strap-type security seal. However, the present invention may also be incorporated into a lock such as a padlock-style lock. Referring now to FIGS. 10 to 13, another embodiment of the present invention generally designated by the numeral 200 is shown.
The embodiment 200 has a tamper-resistant case 202 of hardened steel or similar material. The case may be any suitable shape and is shown as being generally rectangular having a front 204, rear 206, sides 208, 210, bottom 212 and top 214.
A U-shaped shackle closure 220 has one leg 222 pivotally retained in a bore 224 extending in the top of the case. The closure may be raised and pivoted but is retained in the case by a flange 225. The opposite leg 228 is positioned to align with bore 230 extending in the case parallel and spaced from bore 224. Leg 228 has a notch 232 spaced from its end 235.
A latch 238 having a beveled end 241 is biased by spring 240 to engage the notch 232 when the shackle 220 is in the locked position, as seen in FIG. 10. In this position, the lock cannot be opened and is permanently locked.
An electronic timepiece 250 is positioned in the case having preset time and date displays 252, 254. The time piece is battery-operated having a power source within the case connected across a switch 260 located in the bore 230. The time is set in accordance with a pre-established reference time such as GMT.
The timepiece is preferably protected by a tamper-resistant lens 270 of a transparent material such as Lexan. The front face of the case carries a unique identification code 270 such as a serial number which is preferably etched or engraved into the case.
The security lock 200 is provided to the user with the shackle closure open (FIG. 12) and set at the time of assembly to display the current date and time.
The bore 230 may be provided with a plug 273 which is removed when the lock is to be placed in service. This is shown in FIG. 12. The plug 273 prevents the lock from being inadvertently closed which renders the lock unusable since once closed it remains permanently locked.
The user will place the lock in service by placing the shackle 220 through a hasp or mating locking plates 280, 282 of an area to be secured such as a truck trailer, bonded warehouse, storage unit, or a sea container. This is shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. The closure is locked by engaging the shackle leg 228 in the bore 230 so the detent 238 will secure the lock in the locked position (FIG. 13). Note the lock is not openable by a key or combination once locked. The entry of the leg into the bore will engage the switch 260, interrupting power to the timepiece so the time of securement is displayed on the displays 252, 254.
Thus, for example, when a sea container or trailer reaches its destination, the time of sealing and lock identification indicia can be compared with shipping and bill of lading documentation. If no discrepancy is noted, only minimal inspection may be necessary. If a discrepancy is noted, the secured item or area may be further checked for possible intrusion or theft.
The lock 200 will discourage theft and intrusion and will substantially reduce inspection times now required by shippers, brokers, truck firms, warehouses and custom officials. Security is enhanced and smuggling and transporting contraband is also deterred.
Once the information as to time of securement, serial number and other information has been confirmed, the lock is forcibly removed by cutting the closure with a torch or heavy duty bolt cutters. The lock is a single use, disposable item and is discarded or returned to the factory for remanufacturing.
From the foregoing, it will be seen the present invention provides a simple, efficient, easy to use, security seal for freight cars and other enclosures to deter theft and provide improved security. While described with reference to freight handling, it will be understood that the seal has numerous applications such as bonded warehouse storage where verification of the time of an event is required. The invention also provides security in areas such as warehouses and loading docks where a large number of containers may be stored waiting to be unloaded or shipped. In such cases, inspection will indicate tampering and possible security violations.
It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to make various changes, alterations and modifications to the invention described herein. To the extent these various changes, alterations and modifications do not depart from the spirit and scope of the appended claims, they are intended to be encompassed therein.

## Claims

1. A security lock for an enclosure having a locking member, said lock comprising:
(a) a case;
(b) an electronic timepiece in said case having a preset display for displaying time and date and having a power circuit;
(c) a tamper- and cut-resistant closure associated with said case engageable in said locking member having an open position and a locked position in which locked position said closure is engaged in said case;
(d) means for interrupting said power circuit when said closure is in said locked position stopping said preset display thereby providing a visual indication of the time and date when said security lock was placed in a locked position; and
(e) means for permanently maintaining said closure in a closed position.

2. The security lock of claim 1 wherein said case is fabricated from a tamper-resistant material.

3. The security lock of claim 1 wherein said display is protected by a transparent tamper-resistant material.

4. The security lock of claim 1 wherein said case is provided with a unique identification indicia.

5. The security lock of claim 1 wherein said means for permanently maintaining said lock in a closed position comprises latch means engagaeable with said closure.

6. A method of providing security for an area having an access member comprising:
(a) locking said access member with a security lock with a tamper-resistant closure having indicator means which is interrupted at the time of locking, said indicator means providing an indication of both date and time of locking;
(b) recording said indication; and
(c) checking said indicator means at the time access member is to be opened in order to detect possible tampering.

7. The method of claim 6 wherein said security lock is provided with a unique identification code which is also recorded at the time of locking.

8. The method of claim 6 wherein said area is selected from the group consisting of warehouses, sea containers, truck trailers and storage areas.

9. The method of claim 6 wherein said security lock includes an electronic timepiece and a shackle.

10. A security lock for an enclosure having a locking member, said lock comprising:
(a) a padlock case having a receiver;
(b) an electronic timepiece in said case having a preset display for displaying the time and date and having a power circuit;
(c) a generally U-shaped shackle having an open position and having an end engageable in said receiver in a locked position;
(d) means for interrupting said power circuit when said shackle is in the locked position stopping said display thereby providing a visual indication of the time and date when said lock was placed in a locked position; and
(e) means for permanently maintaining said hasp in a locked position.

11. The security lock of claim 10 wherein said means for interrupting said power circuit comprises a switch located in said bore and engageable by said shackle in a locked position.