## TSD- 3b

Analysis of Ambient PM 2.5 

## Mass:

CT and NJ portions of the Ne w York City Metropolitan Nonattainment Area through 2006

Bureau of Air Quality Analysis and Research

Division of Air Resources

New York State Department of Environmental Conservation

Albany, NY 12233

December 27, 2007

1

### Introduction

In this report we provide ambient data an alysis for those monitors in Connecticut (two counties) and New Jersey (10 counties) that are part of the New York City nonattainment area (NYC NAA) for PM 2.5 

### . The analysis presented here supplements TSD3a (2007), which examined PM 2.5 

### air quality for the FRM monitors in New York only.

Database

The analysis is based upon the Federa l Reference Method (FRM) data covering the period of 1999 to 2006, which were extracted from the EPA Air Quality System (AQS) data on December 26, 2007. To be consiste nt with the analysis reported in TSD3a (2007), we excluded the data from July 6- 9, 2002 that was associated with large-scale

Canadian forest fires.

Connecticut

The Connecticut portion of the NYC NAA had 14 sites at various times during this period; five of these s ites have collocated duplicate monitors and two of the sites had every day sampling for at least a portion of the time. It should be noted that the New Haven/Stiles St. monitor was designated as a “special purpose” monitor, and as such cannot be used to make an attainment or non-attainmment designation. The stations are listed in Table 1 along with their operati onal dates.

New Jersey

The New Jersey portion of the NYC NAA had 15 monitoring sites at various times during this period; three of these site s have collocated duplicate monitors and two of the sites had every day sampling for at l east a portion of the time. Information on

these monitors is listed in Table 1.

Analysis

A very cursory analysis was performed on these data, similar to what was done for the NY sites in TSD-3a (2007). The annual average estimates are listed in Table 2. Only those monitors with at least 75% valid samples in a given year are shown in Table 2, and blank cells indicate that either the samp ler was not in operati on or it did not meet the 75% criteria. In general the CT mon itors are below the level of the annual PM 2.5 

### National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 15 μ g m -3 

### , with the exception of the New Haven/Stile Street special purpose monito ring site. In the case of NJ, there is obvious year-to-year variation at some of the sites, and a few of th e monitors are above

the level of the annual PM 2.5 

### NAAQS. However, this es timated annual average should not be confused with that based on the regul atory process that requi res estimation of the annual average based upon i ndividual quarterly data.

2

### Table 3 lists the 98 th 

### percentile of the PM 2.5 

### concentration at each of these monitors, and again, only those years that had 75% valid samples are shown. The 24-hour NAAQS for PM 2.5 

### is 65 μ g m -3 

### , and only once did a site exceed 50 μ g m -3 

### – Elizabeth Lab

in 2001.

Trends

We also used these data to estimate th e annual trends at the longest-running sites. For this analysis we computed quarterly aver ages at these sites, and considered quarters to be complete if there were at least 10 valid samples. Table 4 lists the estimated linear

trends on an annual basis. All monitors ex cept for the New Haven/Stiles Street special purpose monitor show a downward trend, varying be tween 0.05μg m -3 

### and 0.49μg m -3



### , indicating general improvement in PM 2.5 

### air quality over the regi on and consistent with what was reported in TSD-3a (2007) for the NY monitors.

Reference

TSD-3a, 2007. Analysis of Ambient PM 2.5 

### Mass and Speciation: Ne w York portion of the New York Metropolitan N onattainment Area through 2006

3

### Table 1. Listing of FRM sites, 1999-2006. So me locations have primary (“P”) and duplicate (“D”) samplers. Dates with an asterix denote daily sa mpling for at least part of the period. The New Haven/Stiles St. monitor was designated as “special purpose,” and is included here for completeness only ( in italics ).

State AQS ID Site Name County Dates

CT 090010010 Bridgeport/Roosevelt

School Fairfield CT P: 1/1999 – 12/2006

D: 1/1999 – 1/2003

090010113 Bridgeport/Edison School Fairfield CT 9/2000 – 12/2003

090011123 Danbury WCSU Fairfield CT 1/1999 – 12/2006

090012124 Stamford H.S. Fairfield CT 1/1999 – 12/2004

090013005 Norwalk Health Dept. Fairfield CT 3/2000 – 12/2006

090019003 Westport/Sherwood Island Fairfield CT 1/1999 – 12/2006

090090018 New Haven/Stiles St. New Haven CT P: 1/1999 – 9/2005*

D: 1/1999 – 1/2003

090090026 New Haven/Woodward

Firehouse New Haven CT 4/2003 – 12/2006

090090027 New Haven/Criscuolo Park New Haven CT P: 1/2004 – 12/2006*

D: 2/2005 – 12/2006

090091123 New Haven/State St. New Haven CT P: 1/1999 – 12/2006
D: 1/1999 – 2/2005

090092008 New Haven/Ag. Center New Haven CT 4/2003 – 12/2006

090092123 Waterbury/Bank St. New Haven CT P: 1/1999 – 12/2006

D: 1/1999 – 12/2006

090098003 West Haven Toll New Haven CT 4/2003 – 12/2004

090099005 Hamden Mill Basins New Haven CT 7/1999 – 12/2003

NJ 340030003 Fort Lee Library Bergen NJ 1/1999 – 12/2006

340130011 Newark/St. Charl es Essex NJ 1/1999 – 12/1999

340130015 Newark/Willis Center Essex NJ 4/1999 – 12/2006

340130016 Newark Lab Essex NJ P: 8/2001 – 5/2003

D: 8/2001 – 5/2003

340171003 Jersey City Firehouse Hudson NJ P: 1/1999 – 12/2006

D: 12/1999 – 12/2006

340172002 Union City Hudson NJ 1/1999 – 3/2002,

7/2005 – 12/2006

340210008 Trenton Mercer NJ 1/1999 – 12/2006

340218001 Washington Crossing Mercer NJ 1/1999 – 12/2006

340230006 New Brunswick Mi ddlesex NJ 1/1999 – 12/2006

340270004 Morristown Ambulance Squad Morris NJ 5/1999 – 12/2006

340273001 Chester Morris NJ 1/1999 – 12/2006

340310005 Paterson Passai c NJ 1/1999 – 12/2006

340390004 Elizabeth Lab Union NJ P: 1/1999 – 12/2006*

D: 1/1999 – 12/2006

340390006 Elizabeth/Mitchell Bldg. Union NJ 1/1999 – 12/2006

340392003 Rahway Union NJ 12/1999 – 12/2006*



### 4

### Table 2. Annual average PM 2.5 

### levels for sites with at leas t 75% valid samples in a given year, 2000-2006. Incomplete years are left blank.

Site Name 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Bridgeport/Roosevelt School (P) 13.88 13.71 12.72 12.98 12.92 14.32 12.51 Bridgeport/Roosevelt School (D) 15.63 13.49 11.82 Bridgeport/Edison School 12.77 12.88 12.27 Danbury WCSU 12.70 13.22 12.51 13.37 11.25 13.44 12.17

Stamford H.S. 12.90 13.01 12.81 13.51 11.78 Norwalk Health Dept. 12.86 13.41 12.58 12.96 12.23 13.32 11.77 Westport/Sherwood Island 13.03 12.15 11.49 11.63 11.06 12.18 10.69

New Haven/Stiles St. (P) 15.94 16.88 16.00 16.91 15.40 New Haven/Stiles St. (D) 18.78 18.60 16.19

New Haven/Woodward

Firehouse 11.56 13.05 11.72

New Haven/Criscuolo Park (P) 12.21 13.62 12.21 New Haven/Criscuolo Park (D) 14.01 12.81 New Haven/State St. (P) 14.07 14.32 13.03 13.59 12.66 13.88 12.63 New Haven/State St. (D) 14.58 12.38 15.49 12.39 New Haven/Ag. Center 11.14 11.73 10.76 Waterbury/Bank St. (P) 13.61 13.98 13.23 12.64 12.04 14.00 11.98 Waterbury/Bank St. (D) 14.82 14.21 12.75 14.09 11.97 14.14 12.26

West Haven Toll 12.91

Hamden Mill Basins 11.49 11.88 11.09 12.29

Fort Lee Library 14.57 13.85 12.99 13.34 12.05 14.65 11.82

Newark/Willis Center 15.60 13.06 13.16 13.84 13.17 14.35 12.12 Newark Lab (P) 14.12 Newark Lab (D) 14.05 Jersey City Firehouse (P) 16.78 14.01 14.34 14.81 13.66 15.10 13.35 Jersey City Firehouse (D) 13.99 16.26 12.93 16.07 14.67 Union City 17.08 15.54 13.83

Trenton 14.71 14.46 12.94 13.41 12.48 12.90 12.19 Washington Crossing 12.05 11.35 12.18 10.96 12.27 10.06

New Brunswick 13.00 12.72 11.12 12.91 11.11 13.33 10.77 Morristown Ambulance Squad 12.88 11.48 12.16 11.27 12.33 10.12

Chester 11.09 10.46 10.77 9.99 10.77 9.01

Paterson 13.56 12.90 13.26 12.60 13.44 11.88 Elizabeth Lab (P) 15.53 14.56 15.96 15.08 15.24 14.16 Elizabeth Lab (D) 18.49 15.42 14.78 16.97 14.19 16.65 14.72 Elizabeth/Mitchell Bldg. 15.20 12.88 13.11 13.97 12.68 14.33 12.36 Rahway 14.10 12.77 12.04 13.24 12.53 13.91 11.92



### 5

### Table 3. The 98 th 

### percentile of PM 2.5 

### levels for sites with at least 75% valid samples in a given year, 2000-2006. Incomple te years are left blank.

Site Name 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Bridgeport/Roosevelt School (P) 41.5 40.1 32.9 39.6 34.2 38.3 36.7 Bridgeport/Roosevelt School (D) 42.8 40.6 34.0 Bridgeport/Edison School 32.1 33.2 40.4 Danbury WCSU 32.9 35.2 30.7 37.3 27.5 33.4 33.8

Stamford H.S. 36.3 37.4 34.5 41.5 32.2 Norwalk Health Dept. 35.3 35.7 34.3 42.9 35.2 34.9 35.9 Westport/Sherwood Island 33.4 34.5 30.8 44.0 30.9 35.2 31.3

New Haven/Stiles St. (P) 39.5 40.6 40.4 44.0 34.9 New Haven/Stiles St. (D) 44.8 43.0 34.5

New Haven/Woodward

Firehouse 31.5 36.4 36.5

New Haven/Criscuolo Park (P) 33.2 38.2 36.7 New Haven/Criscuolo Park (D) 39.1 31.6 New Haven/State St. (P) 37.2 39.5 32.4 40.6 36.2 40.8 38.1 New Haven/State St. (D) 40.6 32.3 38.9 29.9 New Haven/Ag. Center 32.1 32.8 33.9 Waterbury/Bank St. (P) 34.4 35.4 32.6 37.7 30.4 34.1 35.6 Waterbury/Bank St. (D) 36.0 34.9 33.5 32.8 26.1 35.9 35.2

West Haven Toll 30.8

Hamden Mill Basins 34.7 32.1 29.4 44.0

Fort Lee Library 36.4 34.4 33.0 38.9 31.0 40.5 38.2

Newark/Willis Center 41.6 32.1 32.3 39.8 34.9 40.4 39.9 Newark Lab (P) 34.6 Newark Lab (D) 39.9 Jersey City Firehouse (P) 39.5 34.1 34.3 46.4 37.4 37.9 41.0 Jersey City Firehouse (D) 36.8 41.1 29.1 38.3 38.9 Union City 39.3 39.5

Trenton 43.1 35.4 35.4 40.5 33.3 33.6 36.2 Washington Crossing 31.5 32.2 34.9 28.0 33.0 29.5

New Brunswick 34.5 34.1 26.0 45.0 35.5 33.8 32.8 Morristown Ambulance Squad 30.2 29.7 36.8 31.1 32.9 30.4

Chester 29.4 30.0 35.7 29.8 33.4 28.3

Paterson 35.4 34.9 39.8 31.0 40.5 33.4 Elizabeth Lab (P) 39.7 41.7 37.0 40.5 42.5 39.8 Elizabeth Lab (D) 46.6 50.3 39.3 41.2 36.5 39.8 41.9 Elizabeth/Mitchell Bldg. 36.0 33.8 30.0 40.9 33.1 38.6 38.7 Rahway 38.0 30.4 31.1 35.2 36.6 38.2 37.5



### 6

### Table 4. Trends in PM 2.5 

### mass at the longest running FRM monitors, based on quarterly averages from 1999-2006, in μ g m -3 

### yr -1 

### . Only those quarters with at least 10 valid samples are included in this trend estimate.

Site Name Trend ( μ g m -3 

### yr -1 

### ) Bridgeport/Roosevelt School (P) 

### -0.07 Danbury WCSU 

### -0.05 Norwalk Health Dept. 

### -0.18 Westport/Sherwood Island 

### -0.19

New Haven/Stiles St. (P) 

### +0.02
New Haven/State St. (P) 

### -0.19
New Haven/State St. (D) 

### -0.32 Waterbury/Bank St. (P) 

### -0.16 Waterbury/Bank St. (D) 

### -0.13 Fort Lee Library 

### -0.25

Newark/Willis Center 

### -0.37 Jersey City Firehouse (P) 

### -0.34 Jersey City Firehouse (D) 

### -0.25

Trenton 

### -0.27 Washington Crossing 

### -0.14

New Brunswick 

### -0.11 Morristown Ambulance Squad 

### -0.49

Chester 

### -0.21

Paterson 

### -0.06
Elizabeth Lab (P) 

### -0.27
Elizabeth Lab (D) 

### -0.43 Elizabeth/Mitchell Bldg. 

### -0.30 Rahway 

### -0.15

7