II 

114TH CONGRESS 

1ST SESSION S. 2194 

To promote the use of clean cookstoves and fuels to save lives, improve 

livelihoods, empower women, and protect the environment by creating 

a thriving global market for clean and efficient household cooking solutions. 

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES 

OCTOBER 22, 2015 

Ms. COLLINS (for herself and Mr. DURBIN) introduced the following bill; 

which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations 

A BILL 

To promote the use of clean cookstoves and fuels to save 

lives, improve livelihoods, empower women, and protect 

the environment by creating a thriving global market 

for clean and efficient household cooking solutions. 

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. 

4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Clean Cookstoves and 

5 Fuels Support Act’’. 

6 SEC. 2. FINDINGS. 

7 Congress makes the following findings: 


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1 (1) Nearly one-half of the world’s population 

2 cooks their food over open fires or inefficient, pol3 luting, and unsafe cookstoves using wood, agricul4 tural waste, dung, coal, or other solid fuels. Smoke 

5 from the use of these traditional cookstoves and 

6 open fires is associated with a number of chronic 

7 and acute diseases and injuries, including res8 piratory illnesses such as pneumonia, heart disease, 

9 and cancer, with women and young children affected 

10 disproportionately. 

11 (2) The Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 

12 (referred to in this paragraph as the ‘‘Study’’) dou13 bled the mortality estimates for exposure to smoke 

14 from cookstoves, referred to as ‘‘household air pollu15 tion’’, from 2,000,000 to 4,000,000 deaths annually, 

16 which the Study indicates is more than the deaths 

17 from malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV/AIDS com18 bined. The Study attributes 3,500,000 deaths to 

19 cookstoves smoke exposures indoors and 500,000 

20 deaths to the contribution of cookstoves to outdoor 

21 air pollution. Millions more are sickened from the 

22 toxic smoke and thousands suffer burns annually 

23 from open fires or unsafe cookstoves and fuels. More 

24 recently, the World Health Organization found that 

25 this type of household air pollution claimed 


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1 4,300,000 lives in 2012. The Study ranks household 

2 air pollution as the fourth worst overall health risk 

3 factor in the world and as the second worst health 

4 risk factor in the world for women and girls. Cook5 stove smoke exposures are particularly prominent in 

6 developing regions of Asia and Africa. 

7 (3) The amount of biomass cooking fuel re8 quired each year can reach up to 2 tons per family. 

9 Where demand for local biomass outstrips the nat10 ural regrowth of resources, local environmental deg11 radation and loss of biodiversity often result. 

12 (4) Tremendous amounts of time, a burden 

13 shouldered disproportionately by women and chil14 dren, is spent collecting and managing cooking fuel 

15 resources. As nearby fuel supplies dwindle, women 

16 are forced to go farther to find fuel to cook their 

17 families’ meals. In some areas, such as conflict zones 

18 or refugee camps, women and girls risk rape and 

19 gender-based violence during the up to 20 hours per 

20 week they spend away from their communities gath21 ering firewood. 

22 (5) Recent studies show that black carbon cre23 ated from traditional cookstoves significantly con24 tributes to regional air pollution and climate change. 

25 Black carbon emissions from residential cookstoves 


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1 in developing countries account for an estimated 21 

2 percent of the total global inventory, and mitigation 

3 in this sector represents a large potential public 

4 health and environmental benefit. 

5 (6) The Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves is 

6 an innovative public-private partnership hosted by 

7 the United Nations Foundation that was created to 

8 enable the adoption of clean and efficient stoves in 

9 100,000,000 homes by 2020. The Alliance works 

10 with public, private, and non-profit partners to over11 come market barriers that currently impede the pro12 duction, deployment, and use of clean cookstoves 

13 and fuels in the developing world. 

14 (7) The United States Government has invested 

15 more than $114,000,000 to the sector, including ap16 proximately $76,000,000 in research, $31,000,000 

17 in field implementation activities, and $7,000,000 in 

18 financing, through the first 5 years of the Alliance 

19 to help spur the adoption of clean cookstoves and 

20 fuels in 100,000,000 households by 2020. For the 

21 second 5 years of the Alliance, beginning with fiscal 

22 year 2016, the United States Government antici23 pates support of up to $175,000,000 to the sector 

24 as follows: 


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1 (A) $125,000,000 from the United States 

2 Agency for International Development. 

3 (B) $30,000,000 from the Department of 

4 Health and Human Services through the Na5 tional Institutes of Health. 

6 (C) $5,000,000 from the Department of 

7 Health and Human Services through the Cen8 ters for Disease Control and Prevention. 

9 (D) $15,000,000 from the Environmental 

10 Protection Agency. 

11 (E) The Overseas Private Investment Cor12 poration has renewed its commitment of up to 

13 $50,000,000 in debt financing or insurance that 

14 meet their credit and lending standards to sup15 port projects that provide clean, consistent, and 

16 affordable access to energy and energy savings 

17 through the manufacture, sale, and purchase of 

18 cookstoves. 

19 (8) This commitment targets a wide range of 

20 work, including expanded research on cookstoves 

21 performance, marketing, and adoption; expanded re22 search on the health, climate and air quality benefits 

23 of clean cookstoves; and expanded field efforts in 

24 Kenya, Haiti, Bangladesh, and Nigeria. 


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1 (9) Additional Federal support may be provided 

2 to the clean cooking sector, including by the Depart3 ment of Energy, the Department of Agriculture, the 

4 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 

5 the National Science Foundation, and the Peace 

6 Corps. 

7 (10) The Millennium Challenge Corporation, in 

8 2010, prior to the launch of the Alliance, committed 

9 the largest stoves-related investment to date in Mon10 golia. The $45,300,000 commitment focused on eco11 nomic growth from energy efficiency and improved 

12 air quality. 

13 SEC. 3. ADVANCEMENT OF GLOBAL ALLIANCE FOR CLEAN 

14 COOKSTOVES GOAL. 

15 The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Ad16 ministrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the 

17 Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Health and Human 

18 Services, the Administrator of the United States Agency 

19 for International Development, the Director of the Na20 tional Science Foundation, the President of the Overseas 

21 Private Investment Corporation, and the heads of other 

22 relevant Federal agencies, and in coordination with rel23 evant international nongovernmental organizations and 

24 private and governmental entities, shall work to advance 


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1 the goals and work of the Global Alliance for Clean Cook2 stoves, including through— 

3 (1) applied research and development to im4 prove design, lower costs, promote technology adop5 tion, conduct health research and evaluation, and de6 velop global industry standards and testing protocols 

7 for cookstoves and fuels in order to help ensure min8 imum standards for efficiency and cleanliness are 

9 met; 

10 (2) diplomatic engagement to encourage a com11 mercial market for clean cookstoves and fuels, re12 duce trade barriers, promote consumer awareness, 

13 improve access to large-scale carbon financing, and 

14 foster women-owned businesses along the entire 

15 business value chain; 

16 (3) international development projects to help 

17 build commercial businesses to manufacture, market, 

18 distribute, sell, and service clean cookstoves and 

19 fuels; 

20 (4) development efforts related to refugee 

21 camps, disaster relief, and long-term humanitarian 

22 and empowerment programs aimed at assisting 

23 women and girls; and 

24 (5) financing or insurance to support projects 

25 that provide access to clean, affordable energy and 


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1 energy savings through the manufacture, sale, and 

2 purchase of clean cookstoves and fuels. 

3 SEC. 4. AUTHORIZATIONS OF APPROPRIATIONS. 

4 (a) DEPARTMENT OF STATE AND UNITED STATES

5 AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT.—From 

6 funds available to the Department of State and the United 

7 States Agency for International Development, there are 

8 authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be nec9 essary for fiscal years 2016 through 2020 to work with 

10 the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves and foreign gov11 ernments, including— 

12 (1) to engage in a wide range of diplomatic ac13 tivities, including with countries across the globe and 

14 with United States embassies abroad, to support Al15 liance activities and the clean cookstoves and fuels 

16 sector, and to continue the clean cooking initiative 

17 under the Climate and Clean Air Coalition to reduce 

18 emissions of short-lived climate pollutants; 

19 (2) to advance programs that support the adop20 tion of affordable cookstoves that require less fuel to 

21 meet household energy needs and release fewer pol22 lutants, as a means to improve health, reduce envi23 ronmental degradation, mitigate climate change, fos24 ter economic growth, and empower women; and 

25 (3) to carry out other activities under this Act. 


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1 (b) DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY.—From funds avail2 able to the Department of Energy, there are authorized 

3 to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy such sums 

4 as may be necessary for fiscal years 2016 through 2020 

5 to work with the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, in6 cluding— 

7 (1) to conduct research to spur development of 

8 low-cost, low-emission, high-efficiency cookstoves 

9 through research in areas such as combustion, heat 

10 transfer, and materials development; 

11 (2) to conduct research to spur development of 

12 low-emission, high-efficiency biomass fuels; 

13 (3) to support innovative small businesses in 

14 the United States that are developing advanced 

15 cookstoves and improved cookstove assessment de16 vices; and 

17 (4) to carry out other activities under this Act. 

18 (c) NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH.—From 

19 funds available to the National Institutes of Health, there 

20 are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of 

21 Health and Human Services such sums as may be nec22 essary for fiscal years 2016 through 2020 for the National 

23 Institutes of Health to work with the Global Alliance for 

24 Clean Cookstoves, including— 


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1 (1) to support health research and training to 

2 improve the health and lives of those at risk from 

3 household burning of solid fuels, including— 

4 (A) dedicated resources for research on 

5 household air pollution to ensure adoption of 

6 life-saving interventions and policy formulation; 

7 and 

8 (B) regional network research and training 

9 hubs in global environmental health and occu10 pational health with a household air pollution 

11 focus; and 

12 (2) to carry out other activities under this Act. 

13 (d) CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVEN14 TION.—From funds available to the Centers for Disease 

15 Control and Prevention, there are authorized to be appro16 priated to the Secretary of Health and Human Services 

17 such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 2016 

18 through 2020 for the Centers for Disease Control and 

19 Prevention to work with the Global Alliance for Clean 

20 Cookstoves, including— 

21 (1) to evaluate cookstove and fuel programs to 

22 better understand their public health benefits and 

23 key determinants of adoption; 

24 (2) to promote a better understanding of the re25 lationship between human exposures and health outVerDate Sep 11 2014 02:48 Oct 23, 2015 Jkt 059200 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\S2194.IS S2194

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1 comes from the use of traditional cookstoves and 

2 open fires; and 

3 (3) to carry out other activities under this Act. 

4 (e) ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY.—From 

5 funds available to the Environmental Protection Agency, 

6 there are authorized to be appropriated to the Adminis7 trator of the Environmental Protection Agency such sums 

8 as may be necessary for fiscal years 2016 through 2020 

9 for the Environmental Protection Agency to work with the 

10 Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, including— 

11 (1) to conduct cookstove and fuel testing and 

12 evaluation in the lab and field, including evaluation 

13 of fuel efficiency and air pollutant emissions that af14 fect human health and the environment, and to de15 velop international standards regarding fuel use, 

16 emissions, and safety of cookstoves and fuels; 

17 (2) to conduct climate, health, and air quality 

18 research, including with United States institutions of 

19 higher education, on the air quality and climatic 

20 benefits of interventions for cookstoves and residen21 tial burning, and to continue the cookstoves initia22 tive under the Climate and Clean Air Coalition to re23 duce emissions of short-lived climate pollutants; and 

24 (3) to carry out other activities under this Act. 


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1 (f) NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION.—From funds 

2 available to the National Science Foundation, there are 

3 authorized to be appropriated to the Director of the Na4 tional Science Foundation such sums as may be necessary 

5 for fiscal years 2016 through 2020 for the National 

6 Science Foundation to work with the Global Alliance for 

7 Clean Cookstoves, including— 

8 (1) to support research related to the climate, 

9 air quality, and health benefits of the adoption of 

10 clean cookstoves and fuels; and 

11 (2) to carry out other activities under this Act. 

12 (g) DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE.—From funds 

13 available to the Department of Agriculture, there are au14 thorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Agriculture 

15 such sums as may be necessary for fiscal years 2016 

16 through 2020 for the Department of Agriculture to work 

17 with the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves, including— 

18 (1) to provide technical expertise on policy 

19 questions facing the cookstoves sector and to help 

20 align the Alliance with ongoing international efforts 

21 that promote the sustainable production and use of 

22 clean burning biomass cooking fuels, to optimize 

23 natural resource conservation and agricultural pro24 ductivity; and 

25 (2) to carry out other activities under this Act. 


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1 (h) NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMIN2 ISTRATION.—From funds available to the National Oce3 anic and Atmospheric Administration (referred to in this 

4 subsection as ‘‘NOAA’’), there are authorized to be appro5 priated to the Administrator of NOAA such sums as may 

6 be necessary for fiscal years 2016 through 2020 for 

7 NOAA to work with the Global Alliance for Clean Cook8 stoves, including— 

9 (1) to partner with scientists in other countries 

10 to monitor global black carbon emissions and assess 

11 climate impacts and benefits of switching to clean 

12 cookstoves; and 

13 (2) to carry out other activities under this Act. 

14 (i) PEACE CORPS.—From funds available to the 

15 Peace Corps, there are authorized to be appropriated to 

16 the Director of the Peace Corps such sums as may be nec17 essary for fiscal years 2016 through 2020 for the Peace 

18 Corps to work with the Global Alliance for Clean Cook19 stoves, including— 

20 (1) to train community members to select, con21 struct, and maintain clean cookstoves and fuels, pro22 vide ongoing support to sustain their use, and help 

23 families, schools, and others access grants to lower 

24 the cost; and 


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1 (2) to carry out other activities under this Act. 

Æ 


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