# Patent

## Title
Carboxylic acid derivatives, their preparation and use

## Abstract

Carboxylic acid derivatives




where R–R6, X, Y and Z have the meanings stated in the description, and the preparation thereof, are described. The novel compounds are suitable for controlling diseases.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/748,184, filed Dec. 27, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,600,043, which is a division of application Ser. No. 09/309,770, filed May 11, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,197,958; which is a division of application Ser. No. 09/184,152, filed Nov. 2, 1998, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,969,134; which is a division of application Ser. No. 08/809,699, filed Mar. 27, 1997, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,932,730; which is a Section 371 Application of PCT/EP95/03903, filed Oct. 7, 1995, which claims the priority of German Application Numbers 19533023.4, filed Sep. 7, 1995 and P 44 36 851.8, filed Oct. 14, 1994.


The present invention relates to novel carboxylic acid derivatives, their preparation and use.
Endothelin is a peptide which is composed of 21 amino acids and is synthesized and released by the vascular endothelium. Endothelin exists in three isoforms, ET-1, ET-2 and ET-3. In the following text, “endothelin” or “ET” signifies one or all isoforms of endothelin. Endothelin is a potent vasoconstrictor and has a potent effect on vessel tone. It is known that this vasoconstriction is caused by binding of endothelin to its receptor (Nature, 332, (1988) 411–415; FEBS Letters, 231, (1988) 440–444 and Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 154, (1988) 868–875).
Increased or abnormal release of endothelin causes persistent vasoconstruction in the peripheral, renal and cerebral blood vessels, which may lead to illnesses. It has been reported in the literature that elevated plasma levels of endothelin were found in patients with hypertension, acute myocardial infarct, pulmonary hypertension, Raynaud's syndrome, atherosclerosis and in the airways of asthmatics (Japan J. Hypertension, 12, (1989) 79, J. Vascular Med. Biology 2, (1990) 207, J. Am. Med. Association 264, (1990) 2868).
Accordingly, substances which specifically inhibit the binding of endothelin to the receptor ought also to antagonize the various abovementioned physiological effects of endothelin and therefore be valuable drugs.
We have found that certain carboxylic acid derivatives are good inhibitors of endothelin receptors.
The invention relates to carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula I




where R is formyl, tetrazole [sic], nitrile [sic], a COOH group or a radical which can be hydrolyzed to COOH, and the other substituents have the following meanings:

    R2 hydrogen, hydroxyl, NH2, NH(C1–C4-alkyl), N(C1–C4-alkyl)2, halogen, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy or C1–C4-alkylthio;
    X nitrogen or CR14 where R14 is hydrogen or C1-5-alkyl, or CR14 forms together with CR3 a 5- or 6-membered alkylene or alkenylene ring which can be substituted by one or two C1-4-alkyl groups and in which in each case a methylene group can be replaced by oxygen, sulfur, —NH or —NC1-4-alkyl;
    R3 hydrogen, hydroxyl, NH2, NH(C1–C4-Alkyl), N(C1–C4-alkyl)2, halogen, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy, —NH—O—C1-4-alkyl, C1–C4-alkylthio or CR3 is linked to CR14 as indicated above to give a 5- or 6-membered ring;
    R4 and R5 (which can be identical or different):
    
        phenyl or naphthyl, which can be substituted by one or more of the following radicals: halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy, phenoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio, amino, C1–C4-alkylamino or C1–C4-dialkylamino; or
        phenyl or naphthyl, which are connected together in the ortho positions via a direct linkage, a methylene, ethylene or ethenylene group, an oxygen or sulfur atom or an SO2—, NH— or N-alkyl group, or C3–C7-cycloalkyl;
    
    
    R6 hydrogen, C1–C8-alkyl, C3–C6-alkenyl, C3–C6-alkynyl or C3–C8-cycloalkyl, where each of these radicals can be substituted one or more times by: halogen, nitro, cyano, C1–C4-alkoxy, C3–C6-alkenyloxy, C3–C6-alkynyloxy, C1–C4-alkylthio, C1–C4-haloalkoxy, C1–C4-alkylcarbonyl, C1–C4-alkoxycarbonyl, C3-8-alkylcarbonylalkyl, C1–C4-alkylamino, di-C1–C4-alkylamino, phenyl or phenyl or phenoxy which is. substituted one or more times, eg. one to three times, by halogen, mitro, cyano, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy or C1–C4-alkylthio;
    
        phenyl or naphthyl, each of which can be substituted by one or more of the following radicals: halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, amino, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy, phenoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio, C1–C4-alkylamino, C1–C4-dialkylamino, dioxomethylene [sic] or dioxoethylene [sic];
        a five- or six-membered heteroaromatic moiety containing one to three nitrogen atoms and/or one sulfur or oxygen atom, which can carry one to four halogen atoms and/or one or two of the following radicals: C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio, phenyl, phenoxy or phenylcarbonyl, it being possible for the phenyl radicals in turn to carry one to five halogen atoms and/or one to three of the following radicals: C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy and/or C1–C4-alkylthio;
        with the proviso that R6 can be hydrogen only when Z is not a single bond;
    
    
    Y sulfur or oxygen or a single bond;
    Z sulfur or oxygen or a single bond.


The compounds, and the intermediates for preparing them, such as IV and VI, may have one or more asymmetrical substituted carbon atoms. Such compounds may be in the form of the pure enantiomers or pure diastereomers or a mixture thereof. The use of an enantiomerically pure compound as active substance is preferred.
The invention furthermore relates to the use of the abovementioned carboxylic acid derivatives for producing drugs, in particular for producing endothelin receptor inhibitors.
The invention furthermore relates to the preparation of the compounds of the formula IV in enantiomerically pure form. Enantio-selective epoxidation of an olefin with two phenyl substituents is known (J. Org. Chem. 59, 1994, 4378–4380). We have now found, surprisingly, that even ester groups in these systems permit epoxidation in high optical purity.
The preparation of the compounds according to the invention where Z is sulfur or oxygen starts from the epoxides IV, which are obtained in a conventional manner, eg. as described in J. March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 2nd ed., 1983, page 862 and page 750, from the ketones II or the olefins III:




Carboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula VI can be prepared by reacting the epoxides of the general formula IV (eg. with R=ROOR10 [sic]) with alcohols or thiols of the general formula V where R6 and Z have the meanings stated in claim 1.




To do this, compounds of the general formula IV are heated with compounds of the formula V, in the molar ratio of about 1:1 to 1:7, preferably 1 to 3 mole equivalents, to 50–200 ° C., preferably 80–150° C.
The reaction can also take place in the presence of a diluent. All solvents which are inert toward the reagents used can be used for this purpose.
Examples of such solvents or diluents are water, aliphatic, alicyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, which may in each case be chlorinated, such as hexane, cyclohexane, petroleum ether, naphtha, benzene, toluene, xylene, methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, ethyl chloride and trichloroethylene, ethers such as diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, propylene oxide, dioxane and tetrahydrofuran, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, nitriles such as acetonitrile and propionitrile, alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol and ethylene glycol, esters such as ethyl acetate and amyl acetate, amides such as dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrrolidone, sulfoxides and sulfones, such as dimethyl sulfoxide and sulfolane, bases such as pyridine, cyclic ureas such as 1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-2-one and 1,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetra-hydro-2(1H)-pyrimidinone.
The reaction is preferably carried out at a temperature in the range from 0° C. to the boiling point of the solvent or mixture of solvents.
The presence of a catalyst may be advantageous. Suitable catalysts are strong organic and inorganic acids, and Lewis acids. Examples thereof are, inter alia, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, trifluoroacetic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, boron trifluoride etherate and titanium(IV) alcoholates.
Compounds of the formula VI where R4 and R5 are cycloalkyl can also be prepared by subjecting compounds of the formula VI where R4 and R5 are phenyl, naphthyl, or phenyl or naphthyl substituted as described above, to a nuclear hydrogenation.
Compounds of the formula VI can be obtained in enantiomerically pure form by starting from enantiomerically pure compounds of the formula IV and reacting them in the manner described with compounds of the formula V.
It is furthermore possible to obtain enantiomerically pure compounds of the formula VI by carrying out a classical racemate resolution on racemic or diastereomeric compounds of the formula VI using suitable enantiomerically pure bases such as brucine, strychnine, quinine, quinidine, chinchonidine [sic], chinchonine [sic], yohimbine, morphine, dehydroabietylamine, ephedrine (−), (+), deoxyephedrine (+), (−) threo-2-amino-1-(p-nitrophenyl)-1,3-propanediol (+), (−) threo-2-(N,N-dimethylamino)-1-(p-nitrophenyl)-1,3-propanediol (+), (−) threo-2-amino-1-phenyl-1,3-propanediol (+), (−), α-methylbenzylamine (+), (−), α-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine (+), (−), α-(2-naphthyl)ethylamine (+), (−), aminomethylpinane, N,N-dimethyl-1-phenylethylamine, N-methyl-1-phenylethylamine, 4-nitrophenylethylamine, pseudoephedrine, norephedrine, norpseudoephedrine, amino acid derivatives, peptide derivatives.
The compounds according to the invention where Y is oxygen, and the remaining substituents have the meanings stated under the general formula I, can be prepared, for example, by reacting the carboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula VI where the substituents have the stated meanings with compounds of the general formula VII




where R15 is halogen or R16—SO2—, where R16 can be C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl or phenyl. The reaction preferably takes place in one of the abovementioned inert diluents with the addition of a suitable base, ie. of a base which deprotonates the intermediate VI, in a temperature range from room temperature to the boiling point of the solvent.

Compounds of the formula VII are known, some of them can be bought, or they can be prepared in a generally known manner.
It is possible to use as base an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydride such as sodium hydride, potassium hydride or calcium hydride, a carbonate such as an alkali metal carbonate, eg. sodium or potassium carbonate, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxide such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, an organometallic compound such as butyllithium, or an alkali metal amide such as lithium diisopropylamide.
The compounds according to the invention where Y is sulfur, and the remaining substituents have the meanings stated under the general formula I, can be prepared, for example, by reacting carboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula VIII, which can be obtained in a known manner from compounds of the general formula VI and in which the substituents have the abovementioned meanings, with compounds of the general formula IX, where R2, R3 and X have the meanings stated under general formula I.




The reaction preferably takes place in one of the abovementioned inert diluents with the addition of a suitable base, ie. a base which deprotonates the intermediate IX, in a temperature range from room temperature to the boiling point of the solvent.
It is possible to use as base, besides those mentioned above, organic bases such as triethylamine, pyridine, imidazole or diazabicycloundecane [sic].
Carboxylic acid derivatives of the formula VIa (Z in formula VI=direct linkage) can be prepared by reacting epoxides of the formula IV with cuprates of the formula XI:




The cuprates can be prepared as described in Tetrahedron Letters 23, (1982) 3755.
Compounds of the formula I can also be prepared by starting from the corresponding carboxylic acids, ie. compounds of the formula I where R is COOH, and initially converting these in a conventional manner into an activated form, such as a halide, an anhydride or imidazolide, and then reacting the latter with an appropriate hydroxy compound HOR10. This reaction can be carried out in the usual solvents and often requires addition of a base, in which case those mentioned above are suitable. These two steps can also be simplified, for example, by allowing the carboxylic acid to act on the hydroxy compound in the presence of a dehydrating agent such as a carbodiimide.
In addition, it is also possible for compounds of the formula I to be prepared by starting from the salts of the corresponding carboxylic acids, ie. from compounds of the formula I where R is COR1 and R1 is OM, where M can be an alkali metal cation or the equivalent of an alkaline earth metal cation. These salts can be reacted with many compounds of the formula R1-A where A is a conventional nucleofugic leaving group, for example halogen such as chlorine, bromine, iodine or aryl- or alkylsulfonyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by halogen, alkyl or haloalkyl, such as toluenesulfonyl and methylsulfonyl, or another equivalent leaving group. Compounds of the formula R1-A with a reactive substituent A are known or can be easily obtained with general expert knowledge. This reaction can be carried out in conventional solvents and advantageously takes place with the addition of a base, in which case those mentioned above are suitable.
The radical R in formula I may vary widely. For example, R is a group




where R1 has the following meanings:

    a) hydrogen;
    b) succinylimidoxy [sic];
    c) a five-membered heteroaromatic moiety linked by a nitrogen atom, such as pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl and triazolyl, which may carry one or two halogen atoms, in particular fluorine and chlorine and/or one or two of the following radicals:
    
        C1–C4-alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl, 2-propyl, 2-methyl-2-propyl, 2-methyl-1-propyl, 1-butyl, 2-butyl;
        C1–C4-haloalkyl, in particular C1–C2-haloalkyl such as fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, chlorodifluoromethyl, dichlorofluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, 1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2-chloro-2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2-dichloro-2-fluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl and pentafluoroethyl;
        C1–C4-haloalkoxy, in particular C1–C2-haloalkoxy such as difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, chlorodifluoromethoxy, 1-fluoroethoxy, 2-fluoroethoxy, 2,2-difluoroethoxy, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethoxy and pentafluoroethoxy, in particular trifluoromethoxy;
        C1–C4-alkoxy such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, 1-methylethoxy, butoxy, 1-methylpropoxy, 2-methylpropoxy, 1,1-dimethylethoxy, in particular methoxy, ethoxy, 1-methylethoxy;
        C1–C4-alkylthio such as methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, 1-methylethylthio, butylthio, 1-methylpropylthio, 2-methylpropylthio, 1,1-dimethylethylthio, in particular methylthio and ethylthio;
    
    
    d) R1 furthermore a radical






where m is 0 or 1 and R7 and R8, which can be identical or different, have the following meanings:

    
    
        hydrogen
        C1–C8-alkyl, in particular C1–C4-alkyl as mentioned above;
        C3–C6-alkenyl such as 2-propenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1-methyl-2-propenyl, 2-methyl-2-propenyl, 2-pentenyl, 3-pentenyl, 4-pentenyl, 1-methyl-2-butenyl, 2-methyl-2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl, 1-methyl-3-butenyl, 2-methyl-3-butenyl, 3-methyl-3-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-2-propenyl, 2-hexenyl, 3-hexenyl, 4-hexenyl, 5-hexenyl, 1-methyl-2-pentenyl, 2-methyl-2-pentenyl, 3-methyl-2-pentenyl, 4-methyl-2-pentenyl, 3-methyl-3-pentenyl, 4-methyl-3-pentenyl, 1-methyl-4-pentenyl, 2-methyl-4-pentenyl, 3-methyl-4-pentenyl, 4-methyl-4-pentenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,1-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 1,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-3-butenyl, 1-ethyl-2-butenyl, 1-ethyl-3-butenyl, 2-ethyl-2-butenyl, 2-ethyl-3-butenyl, 1,1,2-trimethyl-2-propenyl, 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-propenyl and 1-ethyl-2-methyl-2-propenyl, in particular 2-propenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-methyl-2-butenyl and 3-methyl-2-pentenyl;
        C3–C6-alkynyl such as 2-propynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-methyl-2-propynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl, 4-pentynyl, 1-methyl-3-butynyl, 2-methyl-3-butynyl, 1-methyl-2-butynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl, 1-ethyl-2-propynyl, 2-hexynyl, 3-hexynyl, 4-hexynyl, 5-hexynyl, 1-methyl-2-pentynyl, 1-methyl-2-pentynyl, 1-methyl-3-pentynyl., 1-methyl-4-pentynyl, 2-methyl-3-pentynyl, 2-methyl-4-pentynyl, 3-methyl-4-pentynyl, 4-methyl-2-pentynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-butynyl, 1,1-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 1,2-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-butynyl, 1-ethyl-2-butynyl, 1-ethyl-3-butynyl, 2-ethyl-3-butynyl and 1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-propynyl, preferably 2-propynyl, 2-butynyl, 1-methyl-2-propynyl and 1-methyl-2-butynyl, in particular 2-propynyl
        C3–C8-cycloalkyl such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, where these alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl groups can each carry one to five halogen atoms, in particular fluorine or chlorine and/or one or two of the following groups:
        C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio, C1–C4-haloalkoxy as mentioned above, C3–C6-alkenyloxy, C3–C6-alkenylthio, C3–C6-alkynyloxy, C3–C6-alkynylthio, where the alkenyl and alkynyl constituents present in these radicals preferably have the abovementioned meanings;
        C1–C4-alkylcarbonyl such as, in particular, methylcarbonyl, ethylcarbonyl, propylcarbonyl, 1-methylethylcarbonyl, butylcarbonyl, 1-methylpropylcarbonyl, 2-methylpropylcarbonyl, 1,1-dimethylethylcarbonyl;
        C1–C4-alkoxycarbonyl such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propyloxycarbonyl, 1-methylethoxycarbonyl, butyloxycarbonyl, 1-methylpropyloxycarbonyl, 2-methylpropyloxycarbonyl, 1,1-dimethylethoxycarbonyl;
        C3–C6-alkenylcarbonyl, C3–C6-alkynylcarbonyl, C3–C6-alkenyloxycarbonyl and C3–C6-alkynyloxycarbonyl, where the alkenyl and alkynyl radicals are preferably defined as detailed above;
        phenyl, unsubstituted or substituted one or more times, eg. one to three times, by halogen, nitro, cyano, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy or C1–C4-alkylthio, such as 2-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-bromophenyl, 2-methylphenyl, 3-nitrophenyl, 4-cyanophenyl, 2-trifluoromethylphenyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, 4-trifluoroethoxyphenyl, 2-methylthiophenyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, 2-methoxy-3-methylphenyl, 2,4-dimethoxyphenyl, 2-nitro-5-cyanophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl;
        di-C1–C4-alkylamino such as, in particular, dimethylamino, dipropylamino, N-propyl-N-methylamino, N-propyl-N-ethylamino, diisopropylamino, N-isopropyl-N-methylamino, N-isopropyl-N-ethylamino, N-isopropyl-N-propylamino;
        R7 and R8 furthermore phenyl which can be substituted by one or more, eg. one to three, of the following radicals: halogen, nitro, cyano, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy or C1–C4-alkylthio, as mentioned above in particular;
        or R7 and R8 together form a C4–C7-alkylene chain which is closed to form a ring, is unsubstituted or substituted, eg. substituted by C1–C4-alkyl, and may contain a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen, such as —(CH2)4—, —(CH2)5—, —(CH2)6—, —(CH2)7—, —(CH2)2—O—(CH2)2—, —CH2—S—(CH2)3—, —(CH2)2—O—(CH2)3—, —NH—(CH2 )3—, —CH2—NH—(CH2 )2—, —CH2—CH═CH—CH2—, —CH═CH—(CH2)3—;
    
    
    e) R1 furthermore a group






where k is 0, 1 and 2, p is 1, 2, 3 and 4 and R9 is

    
    
        C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C3–C6-alkenyl, C3–C6-alkynyl or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, as mentioned above in particular.
    
    
    f) R1 furthermore a radical OR10, where R10 is:
    
        hydrogen, the cation of an alkali metal such as lithium, sodium, potassium or the cation of an alkaline earth metal such as calcium, magnesium and barium or an environmentally compatible organic ammonium ion such as tertiary C1–C4-alkylammonium or the ammonium ion;
        C3–C8-cycloalkyl as mentioned above, which may carry one to three C1–C4-alkyl groups;
        C1–C8-alkyl such as, in particular, methyl, ethyl, propyl, 1-methylethyl, butyl, 1-methylpropyl, 2-methylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylethyl, pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl, 1-methylpentyl,
        2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl, which can carry one to five halogen atoms, in particular fluorine and chlorine and/or one of the following radicals:
        C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio, cyano, C1–C4-alkylcarbonyl, C3–C8-cycloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxycarbonyl, phenyl, phenoxy or phenylcarbonyl, where the aromatic radicals in turn can carry in each case one to five halogen atoms and/or one to three of the following radicals: nitro, cyano, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy and/or C1–C4-alkylthio, as mentioned above in particular;
        a C1–C8-alkyl as mentioned above, which can carry one to five halogen atoms, in particular fluorine and/or chlorine, and carries one of the following radicals: a 5-membered heteroaromatic moiety containing one to three nitrogen atoms, or a 5-membered heteroaromatic moiety containing a nitrogen atom and an oxygen or sulfur atom, which can carry one to four halogen atoms and/or one or two of the following radicals:
        nitro, cyano, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, phenyl, C1–C4-haloalkoxy and/or C1–C4-alkylthio. Particular mention may be made of: 1-pyrazolyl, 3-methyl-1-pyrazolyl, 4-methyl-1-pyrazolyl, 3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl, 3-phenyl-1-pyrazolyl, 4-phenyl-1-pyrazolyl, 4-chloro-1-pyrazolyl, 4-bromo-1-pyrazolyl, 1-imidazolyl, 1-benzimidazolyl, 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, 5-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, 1-benzotriazolyl, 3-isopropyl-5-isoxazolyl, 3-methyl-5-isoxazolyl, 2-oxazolyl, 2-thiazolyl, 2-imidazolyl, 3-ethyl-5-isoxazolyl, 3-phenyl-5-isoxazolyl, 3-tert-butyl-5-isoxazolyl;
        a C2–C6-alkyl group which carries one of the following radicals in position 2: C1–C4-alkoxyimino, C3–C6-alkynyloxyimino, C3–C6-haloalkenyloxyimino or benzyloxyimino;
        a C3–C6-alkenyl or C3–C6-alkynyl group, it being possible for these groups in turn to carry one to five halogen atoms;
        R10 furthermore a phenyl radical which can carry one to five halogen atoms and/or one to three of the following radicals: nitro, cyano, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy,
        C1–C4-haloalkoxy and/or C1–C4-alkylthio, as mentioned above in particular;
        a 5-membered heteroaromatic moiety which is linked via a nitrogen atom, contains one to three nitrogen atoms and can carry one or two halogen atoms and/or one or two of the following radicals: C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, phenyl, C1–C4-haloalkoxy and/or C1–C4-alkylthio. Particular mention may be made of: 1-pyrazolyl, 3-methyl-1-pyrazolyl, 4-methyl-1-pyrazolyl, 3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl, 3-phenyl-1-pyrazolyl, 4-phenyl-1-pyrazolyl, 4-chloro-1-pyrazolyl, 4-bromo-1-pyrazolyl, 1-imidazolyl, 1-benzimidazolyl, 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, 5-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, 1-benzotriazolyl, 3,4-dichloro-1-imidazolyl;
        R10 furthermore a group
    
    






where R11 and R12, which can be identical or different, are:

    
    
        C1–C8-alkyl, C3–C6-alkenyl, C3–C6-alkynyl, C3–C8-cycloalkyl, it being possible for these radicals to carry a C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio and/or an unsubstituted or substituted phenyl radical, as mentioned above in particular;
        phenyl which can be substituted by one or more, eg. one to three, of the following radicals: halogen, nitro, cyano, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy or C1–C4-alkylthio, where these radicals are, in particular, those mentioned above;
        or R11 and R12 together form a C3–C12-alkylene chain which can carry one to three C1–C4-alkyl groups and contain a heteroatom from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen, as mentioned in particular for R7 and R8.
    
    
    g) R1 furthermore a radical






where R13 is:

    
    
        C1–C4-alkyl, C3–C6-alkenyl, C3–C6-alkynyl, C3–C8-cycloalkyl as mentioned above in particular, it being possible for these radicals to carry a C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio and/or a phenyl radical as mentioned above;
        phenyl, unsubstituted or substituted, in particular as mentioned above.
    
    
    h) R1 a radical






where R13 has the abovementioned meaning.

    R can furthermore be:
    
        tetrazole [sic] or nitrile [sic].
    
    


In respect of the biological effect, preferred carboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula I, both as pure enantiomers and pure diastereomers or as mixture thereof, are those where the substituents have the following meanings:

    R2 hydrogen, hydroxyl, N(C1–C4-alkyl)2, the C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio groups and halogen atoms mentioned in detail for R1, especially chlorine, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy;
    X nitrogen or CR14 where
    R14 is hydrogen or alkyl, or CR14 forms together with CR3 a 4- to 5-membered alkylene or alkenylene ring in which, in each case, a methylene group can be replaced by oxygen or sulfur, such as —CH2—CH2—O—, —CH═CH—O—, —CH2—CH2—CH2—O—, —CH═CH—CH2O—, in particular hydrogen, —CH2—CH2—O—, —CH(CH3)—CH(CH3)—O—, —C(CH3)═C(CH3)—O—, —CH═C(CH3)—O— or —C(CH3)═C(CH3)—S;
    R3 the hydrogen, hydroxyl, N(C1–C4-alkyl)2, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio groups and halogen atoms mentioned for R1, especially chlorine, methyl, methoxy, ethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy or is linked to R14 as mentioned above to give a 5- or 6-membered ring;
    R4 and R5 phenyl or naphthyl, which can be substituted by one or more, eg. one to three, of the following radicals: halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, mercapto, amino, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio, C1–C4-alkylamino, di-C1–C4-alkylamino, C1–C4-alkylcarbonyl, C1–C4-alkoxycarbonyl; phenyl or naphthyl, which are connected together in the ortho positions by a direct linkage, a methylene, ethylene or ethenylene group, an oxygen or sulfur atom or an SO2, NH or N-alkyl group, or C3–C7-cycloalkyl;
    R6 C1–C8-alkyl, C3–C6-alkenyl, C3–C6-alkynyl or C3–C8-cycloalkyl as mentioned above in particular, it being possible for these radicals in each case to be substituted one or more times by: halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, cyano, C1–C4-alkoxy, C3–C6-alkenyloxy, C3–C6-alkynyloxy, C1–C4-alkylthio, C1–C4-haloalkoxy, C1–C4-alkylcarbonyl, hydroxycarbonyl, C1–C4-alkoxycarbonyl, C1–C4-alkylamino, di-C1–C4-alkylamino or unsubstituted or substituted phenyl or phenoxy, as mentioned above in particular;
    
        phenyl or naphthyl, which can be substituted by one or more of the following radicals: halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, amino, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy, phenoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio, C1–C4-akylamino [sic] or C1–C4-dialkylamino, as mentioned in particular for R7 and R4;
        a five- or six-membered heteroaromatic moiety which contains one to three nitrogen atoms and/or one sulfur or oxygen atom and which can carry one to four halogen atoms and/or one or two of the following radicals: C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio, phenyl, phenoxy or phenylcarbonyl, it being possible for the phenyl radicals in turn to carry one to five halogen atoms and/or one to three of the following radicals: C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy and/or C1–C4-alkylthio, as mentioned for R4 in particular;
    
    
    Y sulfur, oxygen or a single bond;
    Z sulfur, oxygen, —SO—, —SO2— or a single bond.


Particularly preferred compounds of the formula I, both as pure enantiomers and pure diastereomers or as mixture thereof, are those in which the substituents have the following meanings:

    R2 C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy
    X nitrogen or CR14, where
    R14 is hydrogen or alkyl, or CR14 forms together with CR3 a 4- or 5-membered alkylene or alkenylene ring such as —CH2—CH2—CH2—, —CH═CH—CH2—, in which in each case a methylene group can be replaced by oxygen or sulfur, such as —CH2—CH2—O—, —CH═CH—O—, —CH2—CH2—CH2—H—, —CH═CH—CH2O—, in particular hydrogen, —CH2—CH2—O—, —CH(CH3)—CH(CH3)—O—, —C(CH3)═C(CH3)—O—, —CH═C(CH3)—O— or —C(CH3)═C(CH3)—S;
    R3 the C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio groups mentioned for R1, or is linked to R14 as mentioned above to give a 5- or 6-membered ring;
    R4 and R5 phenyl (identical or different) which can be substituted by one or more, eg. one to three, of the following radicals: halogen, nitro, hydroxyl, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio or
    R4 and R5 are phenyl groups which are connected together in the ortho positions by a direct linkage, a methylene, ethylene or ethenylene group, an oxygen or sulfur atom or an SO2, NH or N-alkyl group; or
    R4 and R5 are C3–C7-cycloalkyl;
    R6 C1–C8-alkyl, C3–C6-alkenyl or C3–C8-cycloalkyl, it being possible for these radicals in each case to be substituted one or more times by: halogen, hydroxyl, nitro, cyano, C1–C4-alkoxy, C3–C6-alkenyloxy, C1–C4-alkylthio;
    
        phenyl or naphthyl, which can be substituted by one or more of the following radicals: halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, amino, C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-haloalkoxy, phenoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio, C1–C4-akylamino [sic] or C1–C4-dialkylamino;
        a five- or six-membered heteroaromatic moiety which contains a nitrogen atom and/or a sulfur or oxygen atom and which can carry one to four halogen atoms and/or one or two of the following radicals: C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy, C1–C4-alkylthio, phenyl, phenoxy or phenylcarbonyl, it being possible for the phenyl radicals in turn to carry one to five halogen atoms and/or one to three of the following radicals: C1–C4-alkyl, C1–C4-haloalkyl, C1–C4-alkoxy and/or C1–C4-alkyl-thio;
    
    
    Y sulfur, oxygen or a single bond;
    Z sulfur, oxygen, —SO—, —SO2— or a single bond.


The compounds of the present invention provide a novel therapeutic potential for the treatment of hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, myocardial infarct, angina pectoris, acute kidney failure, renal insufficiency, cerebral vasospasms, cerebral ischemia, subarachnoid hemorrhages, migraine, asthma, atherosclerosis, endotoxic shock, endotoxin-induced organ failure, intravascular coagulation, restenosis after angioplasty, benign prostate hyperplasia, or hypertension or kidney failure caused by ischemia or intoxication.
The good effect of the compounds can be shown in the following tests:
Receptor Binding Studies
Cloned human ETA receptor-expressing CHO cells and guinea pig cerebellar membranes with >60% ETB compared with ETA receptors were used for binding studies.
The ETA receptor-expressing CHO cells were grown in F12 medium containing 10% fetal calf serum, 1% glutamine, 100 U/ml penicillin and 0.2% streptomycin (Gibco BRL, Gaithersburg, Md., U.S.A.). After 48 h, the cells were washed with PBS and incubated with 0.05% trypsin-containing PBS for 5 min. Neutralization was then carried out with F12 medium, and the cells were collected by centrifugation at 300 ×g. To lyze the cells, the pellet was briefly washed with lysis buffer (5 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.4 with 10% glycerol) and then incubated at a concentration of 107 cells/ml of lysis buffer at 4° C. for 30 min. The membranes were centrifuged at 20,000×g for 10 min, and the pellet was stored in liquid nitrogen;.
Guinea pig cerebella were homogenized in a Potter-Elvejhem homogenizer and [lacuna] obtained by differential centrifugation at 1000×g for 10 min and repeated centrifugation of the supernatant at 20,000×g for 10 min.
Binding Assays
For the ETA and ETB receptor binding assay, the membranes were suspended in incubation buffer (50 mM TrisHCl, pH 7.4 with 5 mM MnCl2, 40 μg/ml bacitracin and 0.2% BSA) at a concentration of 50 μg of protein per assay mixture and incubated with 25 pM [125I]-ET1 (ETA receptor assay) or 25 pM [125I]-RZ3 (ETB receptor assay) in the presence and absence of test substance at 25° C. The nonspecific binding was determined using 10−7 M ET1. After 30 min, the free and bound radioligand were separated by filtration through GF/B glass fiber filters (Whatman, England) on a Skatron cell collector (Skatron, Lier, Norway) and the filters were washed with ice-cold Tris-HCl buffer, pH 7.4 with 0.2% BSA. The radioactivity collected on the filters was quantified using a Packard 2200 CA liquid scintillation counter.
Functional in Vitro Assay System to Look for Endothelin Receptor (Subtype A) Antagonists
This assay system is a functional, cell-based assay for endothelin receptors. When certain cells are stimulated with endothelin 1 (ET1) they show an increase in the intracellular calcium concentration. This increase can be measured in intact cells loaded with calcium-sensitive dyes.
1-Fibroblasts which had been isolated from rats and in which an endogenous endothelin receptor of the A subtype had been detected were loaded with the fluorescent dye Fura 2-an as follows: after trypsinization, the cells were resuspended in buffer A (120 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 1 mM CaCl2, 25 mM HEPES, 10 mM glucose, pH 7.4) to a density of 2×106/ml and incubated with Fura 2-am (2 μM), Pluronics F-127 (0.04%) und DMSO (0.2%) at 37° C. in the dark for 30 min. The cells were then washed twice with buffer A and resuspended at 2×106/ml.
The fluorescence signal from 2×105 cells per ml with Ex/Em 380/510 was recorded continuously at 30° C. The test substances and, after an incubation time of 3 min, ET1 [lacuna] to the cells, the maximum change in the fluorescence was determined. The response of the cells to ET1 without previous addition of a test substance was used as control and was set equal to 100%.
Testing of ET Antagonists in Vivo
Male SD rats weighting 250–300 g were anesthetized with amobarbital, artifically ventilated, vagotomized and pithed. The carotid artery and jugular vein were cathetized [sic].
In control animals, intravenous administration of 1 μg/kg ET1 led to a distinct rise in blood pressure which persisted for a lengthy period.
The test animals received an i.v. injection of the test compounds (1 ml/kg) 5 min before the administration of ET1. To determine the ET-antagonistic properties, the rise in blood pressure in the test animals was compared with that in the control animals.
Endothelin-1-Induced Sudden Death in Mice
The principle of the test is the inhibition of the sudden heart death caused in mice by endothelin, which is probably induced by constriction of the coronary vessels, by pretreatment with endothelin receptor antagonists. Intravenous injection of 10 nmol/kg endothelin in a volume of 5 ml/kg of body weight results in death of the animals within a few minutes.
The lethal endothelin-1 dose is checked in each case on a small group of animals. If the test substance is administered intravenously, the endothelin-1 injection which was lethal in the reference group usually takes place 5 min thereafter. With other modes of administration, the times before administration are extended, where appropriate up to several hours.
The survival rate is recorded, and effective doses which protect 50% of the animals (ED 50) from endothelin-induced heart death for 24 h or longer are determined.
Functional Test on Vessels for Endothelin Receptor Antagonists
Segments of rabbit aorta are, after an initial tension of 2 g and a relaxation time of 1 h in Krebs-Henseleit solution at 37° C. and pH 7.3–7.4, first induced to contract with K+. After washing out, an endothelin dose-effect plot up to the maximum is constructed.
Potential endothelin antagonists are administered to other preparations of the same vessel 15 min before starting the endothelin dose-effect plot. The effects of the endothelin are calibrated as a % of the K+-induced contraction. Effective endothelin antagonists result in a shift to the right in the endothelin dose-effect plot.
The compounds according to the invention can be administered orally or parenterally (subcutaneously, intravenously, intramuscularly, intraperotoneally) in a conventional way. Administration can also take place with vapors or sprays through the nasopharyngeal space.
The dosage depends on the age, condition and weight of the patient and on the mode of administration. The daily dose of active substance is, as a rule, about 0.5–50 mg/kg of body weight on oral administration and about 0.1–10 mg/kg of body weight on parenteral administration.
The novel compounds can be used in conventional solid or liquid pharmaceutical forms, eg. as uncoated or (film-)coated tablets, capsules, powders, granules, suppositories, solutions, ointments, creams or sprays. These are produced in a conventional way. The active substances can for this purpose be processed with conventional pharmaceutical aids such as tablet binders, fillers, preservatives, tablet disintegrants, flow regulators, plasticizers wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, solvents, release-slowing agents, antioxidants and/or propellent gases (cf. H. Sucker et al.: Pharmazeutische Technologie, Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1991). The administration forms obtained in this way normally contain from 0.1 to 90% by weight of the active substance.


SYNTHESIS EXAMPLES
Example 1
Methyl 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionate
5 g (19.6 mmol) of methyl 3,3-diphenyl-2,3-epoxypropionate were dissolved in 50 ml of absolute methanol and, at 0° C., 0.1 ml of boron trifluoride etherate was added. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 2 h and at room temperature for a further 12 h. The solution vent was distilled out, the residue was taken up in ethyl acetate, washed with sodium bicarbonate solution and water and dried over magnesium sulfate. After removal of the solvent by distillation there remained 5.5 g (88%) of a pale yellow oil.
Example 2
Methyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionate
5 g (19.6 mmol) of methyl 3,3-diphenyl-2,3-epoxypropionate and 5.6 g (60 mmol) of phenol were heated together at 100° C. for 6 h. Removal of the excess phenol by distillation under high vacuum and purification of the residue by chromatography on silica gel with hexane/ethyl acetate mixtures resulted in 4.9 g (77%) of a pale yellow oil.
Example 3
Methyl 2-(4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yloxy)-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionate
2.86 g (10 mmol) of methyl 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionate were dissolved in 40 ml of dimethylformamide, and 0.3 g (12 mmol) of sodium hydride was added. The mixture was stirred for 1 h and then 2.2 g (10 mmol) of 4,6-dimethoxy-2-methylsulfonylpyrimidine were added. After stirring at room temperature for 24 h, cautious hydrolysis was carried out with 10 ml of water, the pH was adjusted to 5 with acetic acid, and the solvent was removed by distillation under high vacuum. The residue was taken up in 100 ml of ethyl acetate, washed with water and dried over magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was distilled out. The residue was mixed with 10 ml of ether, and the resulting precipitate was filtered off with suction. After drying, 3.48 g (82%) of a white powder remained.
Melting point 81° C.
Example 4
2-(4,6-Dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yloxy)-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionic acid
2.12 g (5 mmol) of methyl 2-(4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl-oxy)-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionate were dissolved in 50 ml of dioxane, 10 ml of 1 N KOH solution were added, and the mixture was stirred at 100° C. for 3 h. The solution was diluted with 300 ml of water and extracted with ethyl acetate to remove unreacted ester. The aqueous phase was then adjusted to pH 1–2 with dilute hydrochloric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate. After drying over magnesium sulfate and removal of the solvent by distillation, the residue was mixed with an ether/hexane mixture, and the precipitate which formed was filtered off with suction. After drying, 1.85 g (90%) of a white powder remained.
Melting point 167° C.
Example 5
2-(4,6-Dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenyl Sodium [sic] Propionate
1.68 g (4 mmol) of 2-(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionic acid are dissolved in 4 ml of 1N NaOH+100 ml of water. The solution is freeze-dried, and the sodium salt of the carboxylic acid used is obtained quantitatively.
10 g (34.9 mmol) of methyl 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionate were dissolved in 50 ml each of methanol and glacial acetic acid, 1 ml of RuO(OH)2 in dioxane was added, and hydrogenation was carried out with H2 in an autoclave at 100° C. under 100 bar for 30 h. The catalyst was filtered off, the mixture was concentrated, mixed with ether and washed with NaCl solution, and the organic phase was dried and concentrated. 10, 1 g of methyl 3,3-dicyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-3-methoxypropionate were obtained as an oil.
Example 7
Methyl 2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)thio]-3-methoxy-3, 3-diphenylpropionate [sic]
7.16 g (25 mmol) of methyl 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionate were dissolved in 50 ml of dichloromethane, 3 g (30 mmol) of triethylamine were added, and 3.2 g (28 mmol) of methanesulfonyl chloride were added dropwise while stirring. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h, washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was taken up in DMF and added dropwise at 0° C. to a suspension of 12.9 g (75 mmol) of 4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine-2-thiol and 8.4 g (100 mmol) of sodium bicarbonate in 100 ml of DMF. After stirring at room temperature for 2 h and at 60° C. for a further 2 h, the mixture was poured into 1 liter of ice-water, and the resulting precipitate was filtered off with suction. After drying, 3.19 g (29%) of a white powder remained.
Example 8
Methyl 2-hydroxy-3,3-diphenylbutyrate
1.5 g (5.9 mmol) of methyl 3,3-diphenyl-2,3-epoxypropionate dissolved in 10 ml of absolute ether were added dropwise to a cuprate solution which had been prepared from 635 mg (7 mmol) of copper(I) cyanide dissolved in 10 ml of absolute ether and 8.14 ml (13 mmol) of a 1.6 normal methyllithium solution and had been cooled to −78° C. The solution was stirred at −78° C. for 1 h and then allowed to warm to room temperature. It was subsequently diluted with 100 ml of ether and 100 ml of water, and the ether phase was washed with dilute citric acid and with sodium bicarbonate solution and dried over magnesium sulfate. The crude product was purified by chromatography on silica gel with cyclohexane/ethyl acetate mixtures to result in 250 mg (16%) of a pale yellow oil.
Example 9
2-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionic Acid
91.11 g (0.5 mol) of benzophenone and 45.92 g (0.85 mol) of sodium methoxide were suspended in 150 ml of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTB) at room temperature. After cooling to −10° C., 92.24 g (0.85 mol) of methyl chloroacetate were added in such a way that the internal temperature rose to 40° C. while continuing to cool in a bath at −10° C. The mixture was then stirred without cooling at the autogenous temperature for one hour. After addition of 250 ml of water and brief stirring, the aqueous phase was separated off. The MTB phase was washed with 250 ml of dilute sodium chloride solution. After the solvent had been changed to methanol (250 ml), a solution of 1 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid in 10 ml of methanol was added at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at autogenous temperature for one hour and then heated to reflux. While distilling out the methanol, 400 g of a 10% strength sodium hydroxide solution was added dropwise, and finally 60 ml of water were added. The methanol was distilled out until the bottom temperature reached 97° C. After cooling to 55° C., 190 ml of MTB were added and the mixture was acidified to pH 2 with about 77 ml of concentrated HCl. After cooling to room temperature, the aqueous phase was separated off and the organic phase was concentrated by distilling out 60 ml of MtB [sic]. The product was crystallized by adding 500 ml of heptane and slowly cooling to room temperature. The coarsely crystalline solid was filtered off with suction, washed with heptane and dried to constant weight in a vacuum oven at 40° C.
Yield: 108.9 g (80%), HPLC>99.5% area.
Example 10
S-2-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionic Acid (Racemate Resolution with L-proline Methyl Ester)
148.8 g of a 30% strength methanolic sodium methanolate solution (0.826 mol) were added dropwise to 240 g of a 57% strength methanolic L-proline methyl ester hydrochloride solution (0.826 mol) at room temperature, and 2.4 l of MTB and 225 g (0.826 mol) of 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionic acid were added. After 2680 ml of MTB/methanol mixture had been distilled out with simultaneous dropwise addition of 2.4 l of MTB, the mixture was slowly cooled to room temperature, the crystals (R-2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionic acid×L-proline methyl ester) were filtered off with suction, and the solid was washed with 150 ml of MTB. The filtrate was concentrated by distilling out 1.5 l of MTB, and 1.0 l of water was added. The pH was adjusted to 1.2 with concentrated hydrochloric acid at room temperature and, after stirring and phase separation, the aqueous phase was separated off and extracted with 0.4 l of MTB. The combined organic phases were extracted with 0.4 l of water. The residue after the MTB had been stripped off was dissolved in 650 ml of toluene under reflux, and the product was crystallized by seeding and slow cooling. Filtration with suction, washing with toluene and drying in a vacuum oven resulted in 78.7 g of S-2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionic acid (yield 35% based on the racemate).
Chiral HPLC: 100% pure HPLC: 99.8%
Example 11
S-2-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionic Acid (Racemate Resolution with (S)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)ethylamine)
30.5 g (0.184 mol) of (S)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)ethylamine were added to 100 g (0.368 mol) of 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionic acid in 750 ml of acetone and 750 ml of MTB under reflux, the mixture was seeded, boiled under reflux for one hour and slowly cooled to room temperature for crystallization. The crystals (S-2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionic acid x (S)-1-(4-ni-trophenyl)ethylamine) were filtered off with suction and washed with MTB. The residue was suspended in 500 ml of water and 350 ml of MTB and then the pH was adjusted to 1.2 with concentrated hydrochloric acid at room temperature, and, after stirring and phase separation, the aqueous phase was separated off and extracted with 150 ml of MTB. The combined organic phases were extracted with 100 ml of water. 370 ml of MTB were distilled out and then 390 ml of n-heptane were added under reflux, and the mixture was slowly cooled to room temperature while the product crystallized. Filtration with suction, washing with n-heptane and drying in a vacuum oven resulted in 35.0 g of S-2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionic acid (yield 35% based on the racemate).
Chiral HPLC: 100% pure HPLC: 99.8%
Example 12
Benzyl 3-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopentapyrimidin-2-yloxy)-3,3-diphenylpropionate
24.48 g (90 mmol) of 3-methoxy-3,3-diphenyl-2-hydroxypropionic acid were dissolved in 150 ml of DMF, and 13.7 g (99 mmol) of potassium carbonate were added. The suspension was stirred at room temperature for 30 min. Then 10.7 ml (90 mmol) of benzyl bromide were added dropwise over the course of 5 min, and the mixture was stirred for 1 h, during which the temperature rose to 32° C.
To this mixture were successively added 24.84 g (180 mmol) of K2CO3 and 20.52 g (90 mmol) of 2-methanesulfonyl-4-methoxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopentapyridine [sic], and the mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 3 h.
For workup, the contents of the flask were diluted with about 600 ml of H2O and cautiously acidified with concentrated HCl, and 250 ml of ethyl acetate were added. 31.4 g of pure product precipitated and were filtered off.
The ethyl acetate phase was separated from the mother liquor, the aqueous phase was extracted again with ethyl acetate, and the combined organic phases were concentrated. The oily residue (19 g) was purified by chromatography (cyclohexane/ethyl acetate=9/1) to result in a further 10.5 g of pure product.
Total yield: 41.9 g (82.2 mmol){circumflex over (=)}91% Melting point 143–147° C. MS: MH+=511
Example 13
3-Methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-(6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopentapyrimidin-2-yloxy)-3,3-diphenylpropionic [sic] Acid
40 g (78.4 mmol) of benzyl 3-methoxy-2-(4-methoxy-6,7-di-hydro-5H-cyclopentapyrimidin-2-yloxy)-3,3-diphenylpropionate were dissolved in 400 ml of ethyl acetate/methanol (4:1), about 500 mg of palladium on active carbon (10%) were added, and the mixture was exposed to a hydrogen atmosphere until no further gas was taken up. The catalyst was filtered off, the solution was evaporated, and the residue was crystallized from ether.
Example 14
Ethyl 2S-3,3-diphenyloxirane-2-carboxylate
2.57 g (10.2 mmol) of ethyl 3,3-diphenylacrylate and 464 mg of 4-phenylpyridine N-oxide were dissolved in 24 ml of methylene chloride, and 432 mg (6.5 mol %) of (5,5)-(+)-N,N′-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediaminomaganese(III) chloride were added. While cooling in ice, 6.4 ml of a 12% strength sodium hypochloride [sic] solution were added, and the mixture was stirred while cooling in ice for 30 min and at room temperature overnight. The solution was diluted to 200 ml with water, extracted with ether, dried and evaporated. 2.85 g of a colorless oil were obtained. Purification by NPLC [sic] (cyclo-hexane:ethyl acetate=9:1) resulted in 1.12 g of oil with an enantiomer ratio of about 8:1 in favor of the S configuration.
1H-NMR [CDCl3], δ=1.0 (t, 3H); 3.9 (m, 3H); 7.3 (m, 10H)
Example 15
2-Methylsulfonyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopentapyrimidin-4-ol [sic]
46.9 g (330 mmol) of methyl cyclopentanone-2-carboxylate and 53.5 g (192 mmol) of 5-methylisothiourea [sic] sulfate were successively added to 29.6 g (528 mmol) of KOH in 396 ml of methanol, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, acidified with 1N hydrochloric acid and diluted with water. The crystals which separated out were filtered off with suction and dried. 20 g of crystals were obtained.
Example 16
Sulfanyl 4–Chloro-2-methyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopentapyrimidine [sic]
255 ml of phosphorus oxychloride were added to 20 g (110 mmol) [lacuna], and the mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 3 hours. Phosphorus oxychloride was evaporated off, ice was added to the residue, and the crystals which separated out were filtered off with suction. 18.5 g of a brownish solid were obtained.
Example 17
4-Methoxy-2-methylsulfonyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopentapyrimidine [sic]
18.05 g (90 mmol) of 4-chloro-2-methylsulfonyl-6,7-di-hydro-5H-cyclopentapyrimidine [sic] were dissolved in 200 ml of methanol. At 45° C., 16.7 g of sodium methoxide (as 30% strength solutions [sic] in methanol) were added dropwise, and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours. The solution was evaporated, taken up in ethyl acetate and acidified with dilute hydrochloric acid, and the ethyl acetate extract was evaporated. 15.5 g of an oil remained.
1H-NMR [DMSO], δ=2.1 (quintet, 2H); 2.5 (s, 3H); 2.8 (dt, 4H); 3.9 (s, 3H) ppm
Example 18
2-Methylsulfonyl-4-methoxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopentopyrimidine [sic]
15 g (76.2 mmol) of 4-methoxy-2-methylsulfonyl-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopentapyrimidine [sic] were dissolved in 160 ml of glacial acetic acid/methylene chloride (1:1), and 1.3 g of sodium tungstate were added. At 35° C., 17.5 ml (170 ml [sic]) of a 30% strength H2O2solution were added dropwise. The mixture was then diluted with 500 ml of water and 100 ml of methylene chloride, and the organic phase was separated off, dried and evaporated. 14 g of oil remained and were crystallized from ether.
1H-NMR [CDCl3], δ=2.2 (quintet, 2H); 3.0 (dt., 4H); 3.3 (s, 3H); 4.1 (s, 3H) ppm
Example 19
1-Benzenesulfonyl-3-(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-4-methoxy-4,4-diphenyl-2-butanone
0.37 g (2.4 mmol) of phenyl methane [sic] sulfone were dissolved in 10 ml of dry THF and then, at −70° C., 2 eq. of butyllithium (2.94 ml; 1.6 molar solution in hexane) were added dropwise. After 1 h at −70° C., 1 g (2.4 mmol) of methyl 2-(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropynoate [sic] dissolved in 5 ml of THF was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was then stirred at −70° C. for 1 h and at −10° C. for 1 h and then warmed to room temperature.
For workup, about 10 ml of saturated NH4Cl solution were added dropwise, thorough extraction with ethyl acetate was carried out, and the combined organic phases [lacuna] with-saturated N—Cl [sic] solution and dried over Na2SO4. The residue obtained after drying and concentration was purified by chromatography on silica gel (n-heptane/ethyl acetate 15%→30%) and subsequently MPLC on RP silica gel (acetonitrile/H2O+TFA); 0.3 g of a white amorphous powder was obtained as product.
Example 20
3,3-Diphenyloxiram-2-carbonitrile [sic]
3.1 g (54.9 mmol) of sodium methoxide were suspended in 20 ml of dry THF and then, at −10° C., a mixture of 5 g (27.4 mmol) of benzophenone and 4.2 g (54.9 mmol) of chloroacetonitrile was added dropwise.
The reaction mixture was stirred at −10° C. for about 2 h, then poured into water and extracted several times with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated, and the residue was purified by chromatography on silica gel (n-heptane/ethyl acetate).
Yield: 1.2 g (20%) 1H-NMR [CDCl3], δ=3.9 (s, 1H); 7.4–7.5 (m, 10 H) ppm
Example 21
2-Hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionitrile
6.5 [lacuna] (29.4 mmol) of 3,3-diphenyloxirane-2-carbonitrile were dissolved in 60 ml of methanol and, at 0° C., about 2 ml of boron trifluoride etherate solution were added. The mixture was stirred further at 0° C. for 1 h and then at room temperature overnight. For workup it was diluted with diethyl ether and washed with saturated NaCl solution, and the organic phase was dried over Na2SO4 and concentrated. The residue comprised 7.3 g of a white amorphous powder which was used directly in the subsequent reactions.
1H-NMR [CDCl3], δ=2.95 (broad s, OH), 3.15 (s, 3H), 5.3 (s, 1H), 7.3–7.5 (m, 10) ppm
Example 22
2-(4,6-Dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionitrile
7.3 g (28.8 mmol) of 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenylpropionitrile were dissolved in 90 ml of DMF, and 4 g (28.8 mmol) of K2CO3 and 6.3 g (28 mmol) of 2-methanesulfonyl-4,6-dimethoxypyrimidine were added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for about 12 h, then poured into water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phases were washed again with H2O, dried and concentrated. The residue obtained in this way was then purified by chromatography on silica gel (n-hepane/ethyl acetate).
Yield: 6.9 g of white amorphous powder FAB-MS: 392 (M+H+) 1H-NMR [CDCl3], δ=3.3 (s, 3H); 4.95 (s, 6H), 5.85 (s, 1H); 6.3 (s, 1H); 7.3–7.5 (m, 10H) ppm
Example 23
5-[2-(4,6-Dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenyl)propyl]-1H-tetrazole [sic]
0.5 g (1.3 mmol) of nitrile was dissolved in 10 ml of toluene, and 85 mg (1.3 mmol) of NaN3 and 460 mg (1.4 mmol) of Bu3SnCl were successively added, and then the mixture was refluxed for about 40 h. Cooling was followed by dilution with ethyl acetate and washing with 10% aqueous KF solution and with NaCl solution. After drying over MgSo4 and concentration there remained 1.0 g of a yellow oil, which was purified by chromatography on silica gel (n-heptane/ethyl acetate).
Concentration of the fractions resulted in 60 mg of the 1H-tetra-zole and 110 mg of the 1-methyltetrazole, each as amorphous white solids.
5-[2-(4,6-Dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenyl)propyl]-1H-tetrazole [sic]
Electrospray-MS: 435 (M+H+) 1H-NMR (CDCl3): δ (ppm) 3.28 (s, 3H), 3.85 (s, 6H), 5.75 (s, 1H), 7.25–7.40 (m, 10H), 7.50 (s, 1H).
5-[2-(4,6-Dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-methoxy-3,3-diphenyl)propyl]-1-methyltetrazole [sic]
Electrospray-MS; 471 (M+H+) 1H-NMR (CDCl3): δ (ppm) 3.0 (s, 3H), 3.35 (s, 3H9 [sic], 3.80 (s, 6H), 5.75 (s, 1H), 7.30–7.40 (m, 11H).
Example 24
2-(4,6-Dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-methylsulfinyl-3,3-diphenylpropionic Acid
1.2 g (2.9 mmol) of 2-(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-methylsulfonyl-3,3-diphenylpropionic [sic] acid were introduced into 15 ml of glacial acetic acid at 0° C. and 294 μl of 30% strength H2O2 were added dropwise. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, poured into water, extracted with CH2Cl2 and washed with sodium thiosulfate solution and brine. After drying, 1 g of substance was isolated as a white foam.
Example 25
2-(4,6-Dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-methylsulfonyl-3,3-diphenylpropionic Acid
0.6 g (1.45 mmol) of 2-(4,6-dimethoxy-2-pyrimidinyloxy)-3-methylsulfonyl-3,3-diphenylpropionic [sic] acid was introduced into 15 ml of glacial acetic acid at room temperature, and 294 μl of 30% strength H2O2 were added dropwise. The mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight, heated at 50° C. for a further 3 h, poured into water and washed with sodium thiosulfate solution and brine. After drying, 400 mg were isolated as a white solid.
The compounds listed in Table 1 [sic] can be prepared in a similar way.







TABLE I













 

























m. p.


No.
R1
R4, R5
R6
R2
R3
X
Y
Z
[° C.]





I-195
OMe
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
 81


I-196
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
167


I-197
OH
Phenyl
CH2—CH2—S—CH3
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-198
OH
Phenyl
Ethyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
 81











(decomp.)


I-199
OH
Phenyl
iso-Propyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
182


I-200
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
S
168


I-201
OH
Phenyl
CH2—CH2—SO2—
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O





CH(CH3)2


I-202
OH
Phenyl
CH2—CH2—SO2—
OMe
OMe
CH
S
O





CH(CH3)2


I-203
OH
Phenyl
CH2—CH2—SO2—
OMe
OMe
C—CH(CH3)2
O
O





CH(CH3)2


I-204
OH
Phenyl
CH2—CH2—SO2—
OMe
OMe
C—CH(CH3)3
O
O





CH(CH3)2


I-205
OH
Phenyl
CH2—CH2—SO2—
OMe
NH-OCH3
CH
O
O





CH(CH3)2


I-206
OH
Phenyl
n-Propyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
174


I-207
OMe
Phenyl
n-Propyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-208
OH
Phenyl
n-Prnpyl
OEt
OEt
CH
O
O


I-209
OH
Phenyl
n-Butyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-210
OH
Phenyl
iso-Butyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O














I-211
OH
Phenyl
iso-Butyl
OMe
O—CH2—CH2—C
O
O
















I-212
OH
Phenyl
tert.-Butyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O



I-213
OH
Phenyl
Cyclopropyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-214
OH
Phenyl
Cyclopentyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-215
OH
Phenyl
Cyclohexyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-216
OH
Phenyl
(CH3)3C—CH2—CH2
OEt
OEt
CH
O
O


I-217
OH
Phenyl
(CH3)2CH—CH2—CH2—
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
173





CH2


I-218
OH
Phenyl
HO—CH2—CH2
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-219
OH
Phenyl
HO2C—(CH2)2—
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-220
OH
Phenyl
Cyclopropylmethylene [sic]
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
115


I-221
OH
Phenyl
H
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-222
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
—


I-223
OH
Phenyl
Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
136














I-224
OH
Phenyl
Phenyl
OMe
O—CH(CH3)—CH2—C
O
O
















I-225
OMe
Phenyl
Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O



I-226
OH
Phenyl
4-Isopropyl-Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-227
OH
Phenyl
4-Me-S-Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-228
OH
Phenyl
4-Me-O-Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-229
OH
Phenyl
3-Et-Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-230
OH
Phenyl
2-Me-Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-231
OH
Phenyl
2-Cl—Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-232
OH
Phenyl
3-Br—Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-233
OH
Phenyl
4-F—Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-234
OH
Phenyl
4-F—Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
S
O


I-235
OH
Phenyl
4-CH3-Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-236
OH
Phenyl
3-NO2-Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-237
OH
Phenyl
2-HO-Phenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-238
OH
Phenyl
3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-239
OH
Phenyl
3,4-Dioxomethylenephenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O





[sic]


I-240
OH
Phenyl
3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-241
OH
Phenyl
Benzyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-242
OH
Phenyl
2-Cl-Benzyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-243
OH
Phenyl
3-Br-Benzyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-244
OH
Phenyl
4-F-Benzyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-245
OH
Phenyl
2-Me-Benzyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O














I-246
OH
Phenyl
2-Me-Benzyl
OMe
O—CH═CH—C
O
O
















I-247
OH
Phenyl
3-Et-Benzyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O



I-248
OH
Phenyl
4-iso-Propyl-Benzyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-249
OH
Phenyl
4-NO2-Propyl-Benzyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-250
OH
Phenyl
2-Me-5-Propyl-Benzyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-251
OH
Phenyl
2-Me-5-Propyl-Benzyl
OEt
OEt
CH
O
O


I-252
OH
Phenyl
4-Me-2-Propyl-Benzyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-253
OH
Phenyl
3,4-Dioxomethylenebenzyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O





[sic]


I-254
OH
4-F-Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
163–165











(decomp.)


I-255
OMe
4-F-Phenyl
Methyl
OEt
OEt
CH
O
O


I-256
OH
4-Cl-Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-257
OH
4-Me-O-Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-258
OH
4-Me-O-Phenyl
Ethyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-259
OH
4-Me-Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O














I-260
OH
4-Me-Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
O—CH2—CH2—C
O
O















I-261
OH
3-CF3-Phenyl
n-Propyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O














I-262
OH
3-CF3-Phenyl
n-Propyl
OMe
O—CH(CH3)—CH2—C
O
O















I-263
OH
4-NO2-Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O














I-264
OH
4-NO2-Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
O—CH═CH—C
O
O
















I-265
OH
3-Cl-Phenyl
Ethyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O



I-266
OH
2-F-Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
193–194











(decomp.)


I-267
OH
2-F-Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-268
OH
2-Me-O-Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-269
OH
2-Me-O-Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-270
OH
3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-271
OH
3,4-Dioxomethylenephenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O




[sic]


I-272
OH
p-CF3-Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-273
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OEt
CH
O
O


I-274
OMe
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
OEt
CH
S
O


I-275
OH
Phenyl
Ethyl
OMe
NH-OMe
CH
O
O


I-276
OH
p-Me-O-Phenyl
n-Propyl
OMe
OCF3
CH
O
O


I-277
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
CF3
CH
O
O


I-278
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
CF3
N
O
O


I-279
OH
3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl
Benzyl
Me
Me

O
O















I-280
OH
3,4-Dimethoxyphenyl
Methyl
OMe
O—CH2—CH2—C
O
O



I-281
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
O—CH2—CH2—C
O
O
126










(decomp.)


I-282
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
O—CH(CH3)—CH2—C
O
O


I-283
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
N(CH3)—CH═CH—C
O
O
118


I-284
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
S—C(CH3)═C(CH3)—C
O
O


I-285
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
O—C(CH3)═CH═C
O
O


I-286
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
Me
O—C(CH3)═CH—C
O
O


I-287
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
Me
O—CH═CH—C
O
O


I-288
OH
4-F-phenyl
Methyl
Me
S—CH═CH—C
O
O















I-289
OH
4-F-phenyl
H
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O















I-290
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
CH2—CH2—CH2—C
O
O
149–151










(decomp.)


I-291
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
Methyl
CH2—CH2—CH2—C
O
O
157










(decomp.)


I-292
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
Ethyl
CH2—CH2—CH2—
O
O







CH2—C


I-293
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
CH2—CH2—CH2—
O
O







CH2—C
















I-294
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
Me
Me
CH
O
O



I-295
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
Et
Et
CH
O
O


I-296
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
Me
Me
C—CH3
O
O


I-297
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OMe
Me
CH
O
O


I-298
OH
Cyclohexyl
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O














I-299
OH
Cyclohexyl
Methyl
OMe
CH2—CH2—CH2—C
O
O
















I-300
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
S
S



I-301
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
S
134


I-302
OCH3
Phenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
S
S


I-303
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O


I-304
OCH3
2-Fluorophenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O


I-305
OC2H5
3-Chlorophenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
N
O
O


I-306
ON(CH3)2
4-Bromophenyl
Methyl
CF3
CF3
CH
S
O


I-307
O—CH2—C═CH
Phenyl
Ethyl
OCH3
CF3
CH
O
O


I-308
OH
Phenyl
Propyl
OCH3
OCF3
CH
O
S


I-309
OCH3
Phenyl
i-Propyl
OCH3
CH3
CH
O
O


I-310
OC2H5
Phenyl
s-Butyl
OCH3
Cl
CH
S
O


I-311
ON(CH3)2
2-Methylphenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O


I-312
ON(CH3)2
3-Methoxyphenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O


I-313
ON═C(CH3)2
4-Nitrophenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O


I-314
ON(CH3)2
Phenyl
1-Phenylpropyn-3-yl
OCH3
OCF3
N
O
S


I-315
ON═C(CH3)2
2-Hydroxyphenyl
Methyl
OCH3
CH3
N
O
O


I-316
ONSO2C6H5
3-Trifluoromethylphenyl
Methyl
OCH3
Cl
N
O
O


I-317
NHPhenyl
4-Dimethylaminophenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
S
O


I-318
OC2H5
Phenyl
Trifluoroethyl
CH3
CH3
CH
O
O


I-319
ON(CH3)2
Phenyl
Benzyl
Cl
Cl
CH
O
O














I-320
ON(CH3)2
Phenyl
2-Methoxyethyl
OCH3
—O—CH2—CH2—
S
O















I-321
OH
Phenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O














I-322
OH
Phenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
—O—CH2—CH2—
O
O
















I-323
OH
Phenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
N
O
O



I-324
OH
Phenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
S
O


I-325
OH
Phenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
S
S


I-326
OH
Phenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O


I-327
OH
Phenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O


I-328
OH
Phenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O


I-329
OH
—(CH2)5—
Phenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
CH
O
O


I-330
OH
Phenyl
2-Thiazolyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O


I-331
OCH3
2-Fluorophenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O


I-332
OC2H5
3-Chlorophenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
N
O
O


I-333
ON(CH3)2
4-Bromophenyl
Phenyl
CF3
CF3
CH
O
O


I-334
O—CH2≡CH
Phenyl
2-Fluorophenyl
OCH3
CF3
CH
O
O


I-335
OH
Phenyl
3-Chlorophenyl
OCH3
OCF3
CH
O
S


I-336
OCH3
Phenyl
4-Bromophenyl
OCH3
CH3
CH
O
O


I-337
OC2H5
Phenyl
4-Thiazolyl
OCH3
Cl
CH
S
O


I-338
ON(CH3)2
2-Methylphenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O


I-339
ON═C(CH3)2
3-Methoxyphenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O














I-340
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OCH3
—CH2—CH2—CH2—C
O
O
















I-341
OH
4-Fluorophenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O
168











(decomp.)














I-342
OH
4-Fluorophenyl
Methyl
OCH3
—CH2—CH2—CH2—C
O
O















I-343
NH—SO—C6H5
4-Nitrophenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O














I-344
OCH3
Phenyl
3-Imidazolyl
OCH3
—O—CH2—CH2
O
O
















I-345
OC2H5
Phenyl
4-Imidazolyl
OCH3
CF3
N
S
O



I-346
ON(CH3)2
Phenyl
2-Pyrazolyl
OCH3
OCF3
N
O
S


I-347
ON═C(CH3)2
2-Hydroxyphenyl Phenyl
OCH3
CH3
N
O
O


I-348
NH—SO2—C6H5
3-Trifluoromethylphenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
Cl
N
O
O


I-349
NHPhenyl
4-Dimethylaminophenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
S
O


I-350
ONa
Phenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
S
S


I-351
O—CH2—C≡C
Phenyl
Phenyl
OCH3
OCH3
N
S
S


I-352
OH
Phenyl
Phenyl
CF3
CF3
CH
O
S


I-353
OCH3
Phenyl
Phenyl
OCF3
OCF3
CH
O
O


I-354
OC2H5
Phenyl
2-Dimethylaminophenyl
CH3
CH3
CH
O
O


I-355
ON(CH3)2
Phenyl
3-Hydroxyphenyl
Cl
Cl
CH
O
O














I-356
ON═C(CH3)2
Phenyl
4-Trifluoromethylphenyl
OCH3
—O—CH2—CH2—
S
O















I-357
NH—SO2—C6H5
Phenyl
2-Oxazolyl
OCH3
CF3
N
S
S


I-358
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
CH3
CH3
CH
O
O


I-359
OH
Cyclohexyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
O














I-360
OH
Cyclohexyl
Methyl
OCH3
CH2—CH2—CH—C
O
O















I-361
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
N(CH3)2
N(CH3)2
CH
O
O


I-362
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
SO2


I-363
OH
Phenyl
Methyl
OCH3
OCH3
CH
O
SO2


I-364
OH
3-F-Phenyl
Me
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O















I-365
OH
3-F-Phenyl
Me
OMe
CH2—CH2—CH2—C
O
O



I-366
OH
4-F-Phenyl
Me
OMe
CH2—CH2—CH2—C
O
O
142–143










191° C.


I-367
OH
3-MeO-Phenyl
Me
OMe
CH2—CH2—CH2—C
O
O
158–161










(decomp.)















I-368
OH
3-MeO-Phenyl
Me
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O














I-369
OH
3-MeO-Phenyl
Et
OMe
CH2—CH2—CH2—C
O
O


I-370
OH
Phenyl
HO-CH2—CH2
OMe
CH2—CH2—CH2—C
O
O
















I-371
OH
Phenyl
Me
NMe2
NMe2
N
O
O
181


I-372
OH
Phenyl
Me
OMe
OMe
N
O
O


I-373
OH


I-374
NH—SO2-Phenyl
Phenyl
Me
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-375
NH—SO2-Me
Phenyl
Me
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-376
CH2—SO2-Phenyl
Phenyl
Me
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-377
CH2—SO2-Me
Phenyl
Me
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-378
—CN
Phenyl
Me
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-379
Tetrazole [sic]
Phenyl
Me
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


I-380
NH—SO2-Phenyl
Phenyl
Me
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
167


I-381
N-Methyltetrazole
Phenyl
Me
OMe
Me
CH
O
O



[sic]















I-382
ONa
Phenyl
Me
OMe
—O—CH2—CH2—C—
O
O
122–139










(zers.)


I-383
OH
o-F-Phenyl
Me
OMe
—O—CH2—CH2—C—
O
O
140–144










(decomp.)
















I-384
OH
m-Me-Phenyl
Me
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
169–177















I-385
OH
m-Me-Phenyl
Me
OMe
—O—CH2—CH2—C—
O
O
119–135










(decomp.)
















I-386
OH
p-F-Phenyl
Me
OMe
Me
CH
O
O
137–140











(decomp.)















I-387
OH
m-F-Phenyl
Me
Me
—O—CH2—CH2—C—
O
O
150–152


I-388
OH
p-F-Phenyl
Me
Me
—O—CH2—CH2—C—
O
O
169–170
















TABLE II













 
















No.
R1
A
R6
R2
R3
X
Y
Z
m. p. [° C.]





II-1
OH
Bond
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
 96–98


II-2
OH
CH2
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


II-3
OH
CH2—CH2
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


II-4
OH
CH═CH
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


II-5
OH
O
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


II-6
OH
S
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


II-7
OH
NH(CH3)
Methyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


II-8
OH
Bond
Isopropyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O
137–139


II-9
OH
Bond
p-Isopropylphenyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


II-10
OH
Bond
Benzyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


II-11
OH
CH═CH
Ethyl
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


II-12
OH
CH═CH
(CH3)2—CH2—CH2
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O


II-13
OH
CH═CH
Cyclopropylmethylene [sic]
OMe
OMe
CH
O
O















II-14
OH
CH═CH
Methyl
OMe
O—CH2—CH2—C
O
O



II-15
OH
CH2—CH2
Ethyl
OMe
O—CH═CH—C
O
O


II-16
OH
CH2═CH2
Methyl
OMe
CH2—CH2—CH2—C
O
O


II-17
OH
Bond
Methyl
OMe
CH2—CH2—CH2—C
O
O
147









Example 35
Receptor binding data were measured by the binding assay described above for the compounds listed below.
The results are shown in Table 2 [sic].







TABLE 2[sic]







Receptor binding data (Ki values)











Compound
ETA [nM]
ETB [nM]















I-2
6
34



I-29
86
180



I-5
12
160



I-4
7
2500



I-87
1
57



I.89
86
9300



I-103
0.4
29



I-107
3
485



I-12
19
1700



I-26
23
2000



I-23
209
1100



I-47
150
1500



I-60
33
970



I-96
0.6
56



II-3
107
7300



II-1
28
2300

## Claims

1. A compound having the formula:




wherein:
X is CH;
Y is oxygen;
Z is oxygen;
R is CO2H;
R2 is methyl;
R3 is methyl;
R4 is phenyl;
R5 is phenyl; and
R6 is methyl,

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

2. The compound of claim 1, wherein said compound is an optically active enantiomer.

3. The compound of claim 2, wherein the enantiomer is the S enantiomer.

4. The compound of claim 3, wherein the enantiomer is the pure form of the S enantiomer.

5. The compound of claim 2, wherein the enantiomer is the R enantiomer.

6. The compound of claim 5, wherein the enantiomer is the pure form of the R enantiomer.

7. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound having the formula:




wherein:
X is CH;
Y is oxygen;
Z is oxygen;
R is CO2H;
R2 is methyl;
R3 is methyl;
R4 is phenyl;
R5 is phenyl;
R6 is methyl; or a
pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

8. The composition of claim 7, wherein said composition is suitable for oral, parenteral, or nasopharyngeal delivery.

9. The composition of claim 7, wherein the composition is in a solid form.

10. The composition of claim 7, wherein the composition is in a liquid form.

11. The composition of claim 7, wherein the composition is in the form of a tablet, capsule, powder, granule, suppository, solution, colloid, ointment, cream, vapor or spray.

12. The composition of claim 7, wherein the carrier comprises a tablet binder, filler, preservative, tablet disintegrant, flow regulator, plasticizer, wetting agent, dispersant, emulsifier, solvent, release-slowing agent, antioxidant, or propellant gas.

13. The composition of claim 7, wherein the compound is an optically active enantiomer.

14. The composition of claim 13, wherein the enantiomer is the S enantiomer.

15. The composition of claim 14, wherein the enantiomer is the pure form of the S enantiomer.

16. The composition of claim 13, wherein the enantiomer is the R enantiomer.

17. The composition of claim 16, wherein the enantiomer is the pure form of the R enantiomer.

18. The compound