1 

•• 

REF ID:A362671 e 

D !D VH1'llD ftlt'IS PlmT Ol'PICI 

MJml TRI BOW> at 1J'lll.U8 

• 

lpp.U•'\S.aa rw Patat ot 

'fIU.IAI 'f • l'RT!Wtl • 

Se11&1 •llbc • 

478,19) • 

:riled 

6 March 1943 • 

APP!lt BRDI' 

(Por lppillant) 

:ror * 

SYS1'EJI FOR IJIWllllDG 

ftCSJll'UZ * 

* * * * * * * * * * • * • 

;μ,~/'~~/ 

s-~l'lJd 

Ttli9 •w•ahla CI ,.....,... of ht.it. 

Wuh1nc'llD 251 D. c. 

Sirs 

Thia 18 an appM.1 tr- the d9c191on, 28 Jm1m7 1949, ot 1ibe 

Prl.noipe.l 'Cxe••ner, finally reje.otiq Claia 14 of the aboff-

~application tor pat.ant. Oeri&in other clahs haft 

...,.u.4, aDi Claiu S, 6, 7, 13, and 15 st.Di alla1ed. The 

rej..W. olaia reads as follon1 

14. IM.D8 tar secretly tra.Dsaitt.1.Dg graph1o 1.nformtion com.prising 

a dtn1oe for samn1na aZ¥1 nireaeaUna aid graphic intonation 

u a Hriee or 9lecrtr1o 1apale• ot 'fU'71nc in~t.7, a cuoan.,. ••...-, a ll800n:l dnioe a.r!'UCe4 ror scanning said oamouflap •uaae and reprodu.cillg the .... as a seccni series of 

elecVic illpulaes or ya:qing .un..n.ito- 'the 1mpulaes of aa14 

NooaS aeries being ~ wlth the 1apulses of ea14 t~ ....S... # an e1Nlormechan1oal SAterlook oormeeted under tbe 

coa'"1 ot N\b et ea14 .-1- ot tepiln• tor enerciaat.ion 'lbea- .._. ~ enb••tiw or twpg].au ooour in t.he two 

aai4 -* of Sapul.Ma. and a tranaitter oontrelled by' aa1c1 

11Mr1-k u4 Mapted to .it ~ ...__ -14 1nterlook 

le -.Snl, 

-1-

l!\pproved for Release by NSA on 07-22 2014 pursuantto E.O. 1352a 
REF ID:A362671 

!be b'e-'.,...•• st&teunt oontaina an adeq-.te expl.uation ot tbs 

&Jll18l"&tua or 4ppl'Mn\'• tneDUon1 am no ateded de1mpUa 

~ wUl be ben1a 1Dol1111ed, 1t bt4nc tb1 .,., ~ -

8a7 tlat ~ 1lln9'1m S.. • twbtla iri'YUJ' clw1ce wbera1n a 

~ w eooanag. p1etvft S. MNU>ed cone~ nth a pie-

'-- - other nb~ emta1ld.Dg the ...... 4-stnd to be t.ranaai\'94 and ~ two d.pah in\eraoW to p-odw u wi:t:tJml4 

taoeillile signal. 

Tw ref'fl!'eDCee hs..e ~ eited. and mec1 aga1nrl Claim l4. these 

Wac lm•e i.JlO • 719, m:l fJer:Ur, 1,868.967, the applioatiom 

.r·-. n.r.: .... te 1ihl el.dJI. Wnc ~ in idmtieal. 

tens. 

Appellant. agrMf3 that the two e,.ted pat«it., Vernaa &?d c..rts.r, 

-are te ref er.nee purpoees subetantiall7 identioe.l, and that tbq 

ean be3 rud aga1.Mt the cla1a in the saae mnner. 

1n th• aPJ».Ht.ua of Qa1a 14. Stated otherwise, it is bel.ie"led 

that one cm....-..,. bare 1a ot .._.pretation re.tmr than wtructtll"M. - . 

-n. beeiner bas &rgu.ed in b1a &kt.alt (pe.ge 4, 11.naa 4-7) , am 

elaewhere during the prosecution or the application, that, aince . / 

the H!erewwte nlde to ~' tt.7 1-olv• the tramndaeion 

of paph1e ~~ but '\hia, b ~ loo~ m.w. 0r1c1-~. 

a~ .,at• FOduMd -.rks on ape.per «ta distance 1'rca the 

JJ' Hnc ~. -' 1t ~ 40 ., Wq altll: 1 &" f'Jieq~ the 

~ atpel pwf u.._ a tape. Heither .... homM•, 1-A,.s.-

tbe tnr Ir• at.• .,, '0•'1!m. w.. la"- blp1J1llc ilia 

................... . 
REF ID:A362671 

tanaticm apcn rwptJ.-. ot a replloa ar f'&H1a1l• of t.be or1C1DllJ. 

• .,_,.(be 1t picture. map,~~ tcd). 

TbU point., true, WOt'll.d not be ·~ ln ... d.ttatiom. In 

..-u ... , the two ~. and ind.-d ~ ~ 

deaoW. the:rebr, would be c:aJ9idered equi-1.mte. But .fast u a 

spri.ng and a night aq be equiftl.ent in one COMtruati.on and 

~ in another ~ .. 90 bin - !fir the CIClft9!0Q9 

ilrterpretlltioD of •graJl:dc bt--.Um• peraittod the lze•1n_. to 

sq that a "tape tran..itt.er- ('llhioh "rwd9• a pmohed paper tape 

bf ..... of Mt.al N.ngens) 1• a dnic. tor 904tming (aa requ1nd 

bJ' the ola.ia) d.noe 1~ •w n •aoa1a.tw pcrtiana of a ta~ 

(pece 4. Uma 12-13) .. 

.n.t>JSflh..t m 1 nings. IDSM'S ND IIUR.llTimll. DICTICalI, 

.. ,IDmOI, (cited by the bmd-r 1n a.notha eir.,DHtlon) 

2QJ>1'• ~ tollowi~l 

aoanrdnc, a. - J~ ~ ~a:;•:-0:;!:": 

aw in face1.llile tranmS2dm or 

Mlnid.m. 

-)-

.. 
,-.. 

f J fl\i fi(f . t.~ ~, 

t f f ~ I\ ~ • I\ i & ~ • ~ l I ~ .• ·If e. f SI'• f ~ 

-i i r f i • J f ~ l ! ~ ~ I . 4 r 
REF ID:A362671 

e 

1. Bapp•rh1g, u:iatbg, ar aa1ing into edstence, etc •• 

at the ..- UM; CODIJ\U'HU'\ iD U.J aoat•1cranaorw1 

stmlt.amows; u, ~ rrm ....... poloci-cal <1--

poaita. or rimM, w.rlou9 pane ot the C0'1ll\r7. 

4. PhmW• Bo1llg the aaae pariGdJ al.80• ba"1ng the 

eam period and }DaMJ u, . l J 1 •" 'I 'I.".' I" r Yibraticm • 

The oonaensua 1a SncUaat.d by U. tol.l.aw1Dg autbariti.Ma 

Synchronise - to oauee to agree in U..; hapPen dlml.taneo~. 

(Prcmu Dic\icmar:r ot Teohtdcal Term - Ori.apin) 

to mate two or _.. ....ate ar opeatiau OCGS" at 

the f«"Oper \m with respect to each other. 

(P.L"Cla1 filua11nW. feohll10&1 Diationary - M&xSa .... rk) 

(1) to oocur at the same t1.ae - to coillcida 1D 

point of u.. 

(2) to ooeur at the ea.me sueceedYe inatan\e ot 

u... 

Im• to ~ to 1.Ddicate the -- UM • 

anotblr. 

(:rraaa The Oxtord Eng. Dio tionar:r - Vol.me X) 

8)idxtcDSs1.Dg -

be'ss• the ~ 'Ule •canner 

or ~ 

alld the recorder'w1th1n ~ ~ -.ch 

aoamdng u.. 

(Prou D~ ~ Technical a.nd Soimtitie 

Tew• Iht.rla ld1Uon - S1pal ear,. IDl1DMl'!lll 

tabon.tmT, Fort. *'->uth, In MM7) 

1a 1Dd.icated '8.rl181' 1 the 8tr4c'turM of the cJ.a1a aJ3d the ret"erUJH 

v_... am Ce.rtier diecloee a}JJm'atuses in which the t.> aigDal aeqU81tOea ml a s.m@romw - 1n order that, OOtlbined. tbey 1181' r.-

euli 1n t.he tive-m:Ut {m- snera-unit) Bame'\ code the equi~ an 

n.o.••l'J tJae nlat.1onabip betaeen the bapuleea oC the "• •eaee• 

aD4 ~· MqUlllllOU. J.a atated in the aMndwl\ ot 28 h1;r 
REF ID:A362671 

la?1l• to be 1Diti.ated at the same 1Dsta:nt aa a caaout1age 1.apvl.ae. aid muob. acre rare ~or the duration or one sueh brpu18e 

'to be an even mul.Uple or ~ duration. ot the other." 

Jiothing, tbenton, need &Pf*aJ' 1n the cla1JI - 1n view ot the 

foregoine authorities - to ucrtbe a pa.rtioulnr meaning to 

"nonsynchronoue• (aa f'1.ret a'llgplJted by the heJt1DAl' 1D b.s.. 

Statement), sine• the desired •an1ng is amp}¥ supported. It 

may be noted that, as the dgna]a t.Teated by the apparatus are 

de.riftd. rram facehd.l.e scanntll"S, cnly one special situatiaD 

would result 1n SJUChron.laa (u denned by the s.utboritiea), 

that 1a, the pictmoe intended tar trangj sa1on e.rd the cuou:nace 

picture would baTe to be identical, and the 8MnJS1ng rat.ea would 

haft to be identioal.J aa a reRJ.t, no Fift01' would be obt.atped• 

the tranaitted signal re~ the subject or, at bat, a 

ttnep\iw• or the aubJen. 

h above indicated, it is belleved that the Vernam e.nd Cart1er 

reterencee are not pertiDezl't to ~ appealed claim 1lhen the 

nvwal :me.ti.rs of interpNtatim ot 1ugu&ge are settled.. 

'!be appl.icabh rule appears to be aa stated in Walker m l)tst! 

(Deller's Edition), Vol'Dm 1, t:ap ~t 

"'°"lty is n.ot Degatived by' ~ which was ne1t1-r 

dess.,n.d nor appanntl.Y adapted, nor actual.q med, w 

pert'ort1 '1ie twt1a of the th1Dc CO¥ered bJ' the p&~t., 

bJ 

t.boagb 

--. 

it 

not 

might 

.w.tantially 

haft be.n taade 

a1rrennt 

to }*r:t\a'a 

!ftml 

that 

that ~ ot the 

iatenW hrftn.U1n.•.- (Cithg a 1cmg lla'" of.----) 
REF ID:A362671 

- should be r.nned and Cla1a 14 alJ c I. 

!te8pecttull7, 

nLLill 1. ftDDWI, .l~llant, 

-7-