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REF I~O 

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Extract Froa 

GaJmAL H~U.ARmlS, UNITED STATES AlU4! FORCES, PACmc, 26 June 1945 

COMMENTS ARD RECOlDIERDATIONS OR ARI! IBanID FORCE ~UIPUDIT REVliW B>ARD 

PRET-IKINARI B>Alm S'l'UDI 

pctIOW XYIIl - COIMJIICATIOI EQUIPKEJIT 

COMMENTS ON s>ECD'IC PARAGRAPHS: 

1. Pare S9b1 SeYwal ideas for speech aecurit,y are suggested u 

tollowa1 

a. Transmitter or .micropbDne impulses would be recarded. magiietica.1 -

OD steel wire. Magnetised wire actuates a relq to send pulses over tbe 

communication madiu. (It. is the output. of this ralq which could be changed 

hour]J' or da.il.7 to prodd8 securit.7.n Procedure reversed at receiving end. 

As wire passes relq actuating point, it goea through a dsmaptiser which 

prepared it tor reuse. A slight delq in transmiaa1on might. be experienced, 

but it would be almost unnoticeable. 

b. SUperimpose voice impulses on variable trequenc7 bowlers with 

tilters at receiring end to remove bowl. 

c. Record voice impulses on wire and send it at super hi.gb-speed 

to be restored at receiving end. Speeds to be variable for securit7.. Securit 

must be either Secret. or non-Secret with no in-between •aaures. Due to 

ditficult7 in training large wartime st.atra, all personnel DIUBt be assured 

that noghting the7 sq CaD be C011prised or that everything the7 SB7 can be 

comprised. (Eighth Arm.y) 

2. Par 89b: At the present time the lack ot securit7 is the greatest 

drawback in the use ot the all import.ant multi-channel radio carrier qstema 

between large headquarters. Concur in the importance of this item.) (Pad.tic 

1"farfare Bl:>ard) ___ .. ______ _ 

5. Par 89e: - - - - - -

k. Devise a small compact, portable, 2-wa7 radio-telephone with 

scrambler for uae between divisions, regiment.a, battalions and patrols in 

place of wire circuits. 

.- -------. --- 8. Par 89.ha A mchancial authentication device is needed. Set.tinge ~ 

tor thia device would be an 1 tam of OOI. This deri.ce should be aa small aa \ 

poadble and might be contained in a case amt.It the siae ot a pocket. watch. . (Eight.h .ArlJJ) 

3~CRET I 

Declassified and approved for release by NSA on 04-18-2014 pursuantto E .0. 1352a 
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---.., - ~ ----- AI>DITI<JIAL COMllER'f§1 

i. 4. Iaprowmat on SIGGIJJI .machine,, t.elet1P• and SIGABA combined, 

so as to code and t.ranamit in one operation through carrier over radio, 

is reCOJaBad.ede l!'quip•nt. ahould blt lighter and .mre compact.. 

t. Production of Rew femgpicatipn lguippmUs (Theae raaartc:a E7 

also tind application to Mther t.JPes ot eqnipment.). Securing a piece ot 

sat.iatacto17 .m111t.a17 comun1cat1on equipment preauppoaea a logical chain 

.troa fundament.al. research to the quant.1 t.Y production of an item. Tb1a 

chain mq be di'Vided into tour steps or phases which are as tollowa: 

(1) step Mo. l includes the work done b7 phJ'sicista or their 

equ1Yal.911t and results in nn basic intormtion and basic 

components. An example would be the invention of an ent1rell' new and ditterant. type of vacCUlll t.ube. 

(2) Step No, 2 is the application ot the basic information and 

components discovered in at.ep llo. 1. This step ia usuaJ.l.T 

accomplished b7 a high type of engineer with such vision 

as to be able to demonstrate a practical applicat.ion to 

the theoretical work of the physicist a in stage No. 1. 

stage Ho. 2 will usualJ.T result in what ll6ght be namd an 

engineering uodel. which vd.ll demDnatrate the practicabili tr 

of a complete piece of eqllipBHJt but which will in no Vl&7 

result 1n a piece ot equipment satistactor7 tor aanuf'act ure an iasu to troops. 

(3} Stage No. 3 is tbe transition stage between the engl.neering 

model and the completion ot a procmction model and a set ot 

production drawings. 'Ibis work is usu.all3 accomplished 

( 

bJ a mre practical t711e of individual than those working 

1n the preceding tw stages, Veey frequentl.7 the work acaoq>liahed. in pbaae ) ia referred to as "mllke7 wrench 

englnaering" • 

Personnel working on aq'ld.pmnt in thia stage should haft 

a coa;>rehenaiva knowledge of the capabilities and the llnd.tationa 1mpoae4 b7 quantit7 production and also the charac:t.eriatica ot the tne ot personnel which mq be upeat.ed to 

be available to operate t.hia equipmnt 1n the field UDder 

warts- coDdiU.ona. Obvicn111]T, no quantit.T product.ion 

equipmnt. should be ao c:omplicated as to require the services of a trainad pb.ysiciat Cll" engineer to operate aat.iatacto17. 

-aSECRET 

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(4) The tourlh phase is the actual. quantit7 product.ion ot tbe 

equipment, which involves setting up the product.ion linea 

with the nec:ea&a17 machine tool facilities, than coordinat-

!ng the flow ot raw •teriala and component.a to insure t.hat. 

the eQllipant will 'be dell vered 1D accordance wit.h the daaired schedule and that the inventorJ' of co.mponcta arid 

material• on hand at azq tiae will be aulficient. onl7 

t.o pend t. meting ot the deli ve17 achedula. 

(S) The product.ion of Si-'1al. equipment during World War II 

(6) 

was hampered 1n mmJ casee b7 tailure to realize t.he matence of the four phaaes described above and to understand 

the interrelation of these phases. To secure the rapid 

development and production of an item ot equipment. it 

is essential t.bat the flow ot information from phase one 

to phase four be rapid and without contuaion. To achieve 

this end it is essential that the personnel working on 

azrr phase maintain close liaison with the phases before and 

alter. It is ot even greater importance that. the individual 

working on a &Lven phase maintain liaiaon onl.J' with the 

phases betore and after and that no phase be b7-pasaed. 

Kan7 instances haYe occurred in which the phase one personnel dealt directly with the phase four personnel, which 

tended to res\llt in a piece ot equip•nt which would 

demnstrate a basic theor7, but. which would be too ca.-

plicatecl and not sufficient~ rugged for satsitactor7 field 

use. In other cases a sharp demarkation was estaol.isbed 

between one phase and the phase next following with a result. 

either the production ot unsatisfoctor7 equip•nt or a 

delq in time in the solution of problems would inevitabq 

arise. 

(7) For uample,, we will as8WllB t.hat. phase three bas been co• 

pleted. A satislactor7 manufacturer 1 a model has been produced, priduction drawings have been completed. In seating 

up base four it is round that indindnal DliUlUfacturera 

have their own shop practices, and there will, therefore, 

be mD7' oaaea 11btre in order to secure the ax1mua out.put. 

at a 11inimwa cost., it will be necessa17 to make minor 

lllDCliticatiorus to the product.ion llDd.el and drawings. 

Placing &D7 barrier betn& the phase three and pbaae tour 

will imnitabq nauli in the waste of time, J1DD87 and/or 

qual1t7. 

1. Yehicul•r Ia!talff,tiopa The experience 1A World War..,· II baa 

iDdicated that at. soaa t.1M practicaJ.q neq piece ~ 111.litaZ"J' consmication 

eciu1pmnt baa been required to operate froa a ceb1cle. It is,. therefore,. · 

bellwed that in the clasign of equipmnt tbia .tact. abould be recolflized &Qd 

then n.ecea881"J' 11>1111tiag bracket.a,. ehock munts. and the like deaiped at tbe .... tu. u is tbe bulc equipmnt.. ; 

~ce··u·i \;L.:~ 
REF ,P),~A.p5600 

~Lc.t .. S 

s. Closeq tied 1n witbj reaearch and development 1s the probl• ot 

standardization of compomnt.al ot signal eqld.pmant.. A. continuing program 

is neceaa&r7 11hereb7 c:ommrcial standard.a and. milit.&1"1 standarda oan be 

coordinated. Coaponant.s auch aa capacit.ors. resistors. •t.era, tranmtormers. etc.• ate now being 1181lutact.vecl with atandatd -.rk::lnga. a 

mSn1 nmm ot tJPeS, and ••ting the mechanical,, elect.rical, and mist.lll"eproot ebaract.eriaUca ot milit&17 ail!Jlal. equ:lpment. Identical. component.a 

are producecl no •tter wbD the manutact.wer m7 be. Had t.heae .t.andard• 

been available .to the manutact.urar prior to t.he product.ion of t.he tirat. 

mdals of sigJlal equipment tor World War II t.he problmu of dnelopmant, 

produc:t.ion1 suppq and maintenance wauld h&Y9 been made imeuureabq 

aiJltllero \Pacilio Warfare Board) 

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