FI LED U. S . COURT OF AP PE ALS E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT O c t obe r 6, 2005 T HOM AS K. KAHN CL E RK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H] I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 04- 15642 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ D . C . D ocketN o. 04 -601 48 -C R -J IC U N I T E D S T A T E S O F A M E R I C A , P la in tif f - A p p e lle e , v ersu s J U A N C A R L O S C A S T I L L O - H E RN A N D E Z , D e f e n d a n t- A p p e lla n t.

________________________ A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f orthe S outhe rn D i s tr i c tof F l or i da

_________________________ ( O c t obe r6, 2005) B efo re A N D E R S O N , B L A C K an d P R Y O R , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P E R C U R I A M: J ua n C a r l os C a s t i l l o- H e rna nde z appe a l s hi s e i ght - m onth s e nt e nc e f or2

p o s s e s s i o n o f

af a l s e s o c i a l s e c u r i tyn u mb e r , i n v i o l a t i o n o f 4 2 U . S. C. § 4 0 8 ( a ) ( 7 ) ( B ) . C a s tillo - H e rn a n d e z a r g u e s th a t th e d is tr ic t c o u rt e rr e d w h e n it ap p l i ed a si x -l ev el en h an cem en tp u rsu an tt o U . S . S . G . § 2 B 1 . 1 (b )(9 )(C )(i ) b ecau se the soci al se curi ty num ber thathe att em pt ed t o u se t o o bt ai n a po rtac ce ss cl earance ba dge di d notbe l ong t o a n “ a c tua l i ndi vi dua l ” a s tha tt e rm i s us e d bythe gu i del i nes, because the nu m ber w as as si gn ed t o a pers on w ho di ed al m ost30 ye ar s before Cast i l l o-H ernand ez com m i tt ed the cr i m i nal offe nse. C as t i l l o-H ernand ez c ont e nds tha tthe r e i s no a m bi gui tyi n the w or d “ a c tua l , ” w hi c h m e a ns e xi s t i ng a nd n o t m e r e lyp o te n tia l o rp o s s ib le . T h u s , h e a r g u e s th a t a n a c tu a l in d iv id u a l c o u ld no ti ncl ud e apers on w ho di ed al m ost30 ye ar s a go . C as t i l l o-H ernand ez further a r gue s tha thi s r e a di ng of the t e rm “ a c tua l i ndi vi dua l ” i s s upport e d bythe r e a s ons u n d e r l y i n g th e e n h a n c e me n t , w h i c h i s d e s i g n e d t o p u n i s h th e d e f e n d a n tf o rh a rm, s uc h a s ada m a ge d c r e di tr a t i ng, da m a ge t o a n i ndi vi dua l ’ s r e put a t i on, in c o n v e n ie n c e , a n d o th e rd if f ic u ltie s , th a t av ic tim o f id e n tityth e f

t m a yf a c e . C a s t i l l o- H e rna nde z a r gue s tha tthe s e ha rm s , a nd thus the r e a s on f orappl y i ng the se nt enci ng enhancem ent , ar e notpres entw here the m eans of i dent i fi ca t i on used b e lo n g e d to ad e c e a s e d p e r s o n . W e r evi ew de no vo w hether the di stri ctcourtprop er l y app l i ed § 2 B 1. 1(b)(9)(C)(i ) t o C as t i l l o-H ernand ez ’ s und er l yi ng cond uct . S ee U ni t ed S t at es3

v. S pe l l , 44 F . 3d 936, 938 ( 11th C i r . 1995) . S e c t i on 2B 1. 1 s t a t e s tha ti f “ the of f e ns e i nvol ve d . . . the unauthor i z e d tr a ns f e rorus e of

a nym e a ns of

i de nt i f i c a t i on u n l aw fu l l y t o p ro d u ce o r o b t ai n an y o th er m ean s o f i d en t i fi cat i o n . . . i n crease b y 2 l evel s. If the re sul t i ng offe nse l evel i s l es s than l evel 12 , i ncre as e t o l evel 12 . ” U . S . S . G . § 2B 1. 1( b) ( 9) ( C ) ( i ) ( 2003) . “ ‘ M e a ns of i de nt i f i c a t i on’ ha s the m e a ni ng gi ve n tha tt e rm i n 18 U . S . C . § 1028( d) ( 7) , e xc e pttha ts uc h m e a ns of i de nt i f i c a t i on shal l be an actual (i . e. , no tfi ct i t i ou s) i nd i vi du al , other than the defendant [. ] ” U . S . S . G . § 2 B 1. 1, cm t . n. 8 (em ph as i s a dd ed); se e a l so U ni t ed S t at es v. A ug ust e, 392 F . 3d 1266, 167- 68 ( 11th C i r . 2004) ( a f f i rm i ng the e nha nc e m e ntw he r e the de f e nda ntha d us e d he row n na m e on the c r e di tc a r ds tha ts he obt a i ne d byus i ng the liv in g v ic tim ’s e x is tin g lin e s o f c r e d it a n d d id n o t o p e n n e w lin e s o f c r e d it) . W e h a v e h e ld th a t th e la n g u a g e in th e s e n te n c in g g u id e lin e s is to b e g iv e n its pl ai n and ordi narym eani ng . U ni t ed S t at es v. P om pey, 17 F . 3d 35 1, 35 4 (11 th C i r. 1994) . T hus , be c aus e “ i . e . ” i s a n abbr e vi a t i on f or“ tha ti s ” or“ tha ti s t o s a y , ” the pl a i n m e a ni ng of

the l a ngua ge us e d byC ongr e s s w a s tha t“ notf i c t i t i ous ” w a s the e x c lu s iv e d e f

in itio n f o r“a c tu a l.” S e e B la c k ’s L a w D ic tio n a ry5 1 1 ( 6 th e d . 1 9 9 1 ) . S e e a l s o U ni t e d S t a t e s v. B us h, 404 F . 3d 263, 267 ( 4th C i r . 2005) ( a f f i rm i ng the de f e nda nt ’ s c onvi c t i on f

orus i ng af

a l s e s oc i a l s e c ur i tynum be rt o obt a i n ac a rl oa n, i n v i ol at i on of 42 U . S . C . § 4 08 (a )( 7)(B ), w here the soci al se curi ty num ber use dCastillo-Hernande z’s request for oral a rgument is denied. 1 4 w a s a s s i gne d t o ade c e a s e d pe r s on) . A c c or di ngl y , i n l i ghtof the pl a i n m e a ni ng of th e p h r a s e “a c tu a l ( i.e ., n o t f ic titio u s ) ,” w e a f

f irm . I n a ddi t i on, w e r e

j e c tC a s t i l l o- H e rna nde z ’ s ’ s a r gum e nttha tthe e nha nc e m e nt s h o u ld n o t ap p lyb e c au s e h e d id n o t a c tu a llyo b ta in ap o rt a c c e s s c le a r a n c e b a d g e . T h e p o lic y o f

th e g u id e lin e s is to p r o v id e ale s s e rp u n is h m e n t f o ra n a tte m p t,

“ unl e s s the de f

e nda ntc om pl e t e d a l l the a c t s the de f e nda ntbe l i e ve d ne c e s s a ryf or s u c c e s s f u l c o m p le tio n o f

th e s u b s ta n tiv e o f

f e n s e o rth e c ir c u m s ta n c e s d e m o n s tr a te tha tthe de f

e nda ntw a s aboutt o c om pl e t e a l l s uc h a c t s butf orappr e he ns i on or i n t e rru p t i o n b y s o m e s i m i l a re v e n tb e y o n d th e d e f e n d a n t ' s c o n tr o l . ” U. S . S . G. 2X 1. 1(b)(1) (e m ph as i s a dd ed). In thi s c as e, A pp el l antw as apprehended justbefore he c om pl e t e d a l l of

the a c t s a nd s o unde rthe gui de l i ne s , hi s a c t i ons do not c o n s titu te a n a tte m p t. AF F I RME D. 1