# Patent

## Title
Self illuminated shaped and two-sided signage for printed graphics

## Abstract

Self illuminated back and front lit shaped and two-sided signage. The signage includes a turning film having a structured surface for redirecting light and a diffuser providing for diffusion. The shape of the signage from a viewer's perspective provides the content, such as letters, to be conveyed to the viewer. Two-sided signage includes two signs arranged back-to-back, each including a turning film having a structured surface for redirecting light, a diffuser providing for diffusion, and a printed graphic. In the two-sided signage, the turning films receive light from an ambient light source and direct the light via the structured surfaces toward viewers of the two graphics in order to passively illuminate the signage. The two-sided signage can be shaped to provide content via the shape and graphics.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/875,497, filed May 2, 2013, the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference in its entirety herein.


BACKGROUND
Printed graphics have been used for advertising, safety, and personal uses for many years. These displays have become so commonplace that it may often be difficult to have a message noticed in a crowd of such signs. One common solution to this occurrence is to actively backlight a digital or static graphic in order to attract more attention. However, this active backlighting can come at a cost of requiring more energy and electronics, and producing more heat in a given environment, all of which may not be desirable. Accordingly, a need exists for ways to illuminate or otherwise draw more attention to static graphic signage.
SUMMARY
A self illuminated back lit sign, consistent with the present invention, includes a turning film having a structured surface for redirecting light, a diffuser providing for diffusion in at least one direction, and a graphic on the diffuser. The turning film directs light via the structured surface toward a viewer of the graphic in order to passively illuminate the sign.
A self illuminated front lit sign, consistent with the present invention, includes a diffuser for providing diffusion in at least one direction, a graphic on the diffuser, a turning film having a structured surface for redirecting light, and a reflector on the turning film. The turning film directs light via the structured surface toward a viewer of the graphic in order to passively illuminate the sign.
Another self illuminated front lit sign, consistent with the present invention, includes a turning film having a structured surface for redirecting light, a diffuser on the turning film and providing for diffusion in at least one direction, a graphic on the turning film, and a reflector on the diffuser. The turning film directs light via the structured surface toward a viewer of the graphic in order to passively illuminate the sign.
The front and back lit signs can be shaped, with or without a graphic, such that the shape provides content to be conveyed to a viewer. The signs can also be two-sided, two signs arranged back-to-back, for providing content on both sides of the sign.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification and, together with the description, explain the advantages and principles of the invention. In the drawings,
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of self illuminated back lit signage;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating ray tracing for the signage of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of self illuminated front lit signage;
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of an alternative construction of the signage of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating ray tracing for the signage of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of self illuminated back lit shaped signage;
FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of self illuminated front lit shaped signage;
FIG. 8 is a front view of an example of shaped signage without a graphic;
FIG. 9 is a front view of an example of shaped signage with a graphic;
FIG. 10 is a side sectional view of self illuminated two-sided signage with two front lit signs; and
FIG. 11 is a side sectional view of self illuminated two-sided signage with front lit and back lit signs.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Embodiments of this invention utilize ambient lighting or remotely located lighting to give a viewer the perception that a graphic has a powered backlight attached to it. In particular, the signage uses a turning film and one or more diffusers providing controlled diffusion in order to direct light toward the viewer of the graphic. This graphic signage can be used in a variety of ways such as with banner applications, advertising, point of purchase signage, traffic signage, or any sort of graphic in which it may be desirable to light the graphic without an active powered backlight. The signage can also be shaped, with or without a graphic, such that the shape provides content to be conveyed to a viewer.
An example of a passively lit sign is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/755,083, entitled “Self Illuminated Signage for Printed Graphics,” and filed Jan. 31, 2013, which is incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth.
Back Lit Signage
FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of self illuminated back lit signage 10. Signage 10 includes a turning film 12, a first diffuser 14, a second diffuser 16, and a graphic 20. Signage 10 optionally includes an air gap 18 between diffusers 14 and 16. Alternatively, diffusers 14 and 16 can be in physical contact or, instead of an air gap, can be separated by an optically clear material. The films or components of signage 10 can optionally be held together and edge sealed by tape or frame 22 and 24, which typically surrounds the edges of the films. Graphic 20 can be printed on diffuser 16 or printed on a transparency applied to, for example laminated on, diffuser 16.
Turning film 12 can be implemented with a 60° prism film, for example, or other types of light redirecting films having a structured surface for redirecting light. Diffusers 14 and 16 can be implemented with lenticular diffusing films, for example, with the lenticulars facing toward or away from a viewer of graphic 20. The optional air gap 18 can help prevent damage to the lenticulars when lenticular diffusing films are used for the diffusers. The air gap also provides a refractive index difference. Diffuser 14 provides for diffusion in at least one direction while diffuser 16 provides for diffusion in a different direction. When implemented with a lenticular diffusing film, diffuser 14 preferably has the lenticulars extending in the same direction substantially parallel with the prisms of turning film 12. Preferably, diffusers 14 and 16 provide for diffusion in orthogonal directions, as illustrated in FIG. 1, to provide for better uniformity of illuminating graphic 20. Instead of two diffusers, only one diffuser 14 or 16 can alternatively be used. Also, diffusers 14 and 16 can be replaced by a single asymmetric diffuser. The lenticulars of diffusing film 14 can optionally be registered with the prisms of turning film 12, which can provide for more gain. A system for registering microreplicated features on opposite sides of a film is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 7,165,959, which is incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth.
In use, the features (triangular prisms) in turning film 12 direct light from light source 26, such as a room light, to graphic 20 in order to passively illuminate the signage for a viewer 21. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating ray tracing for the signage of FIG. 1, represented by line 28 showing how turning film 12 directs light from room light 26 to graphic 20 and viewer 21 for the passive illumination.
Front Lit Signage
FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of self illuminated front lit signage 30. Signage 30 includes a turning film 32, a reflector 34, a diffuser 36, and a graphic 40. Signage 30 optionally includes an air gap 38 between turning film 32 and graphic 40. Alternatively, turning film 32 and graphic 40 can be in physical contact or, instead of an air gap, can be separated by an optically clear material. The films or components of signage 30 can optionally be held together and edge sealed by tape or frame 42 and 44, which typically surrounds the edges of the films. Graphic 40 can be printed on diffuser 36 or printed on a transparency applied to, for example laminated on, diffuser 36.
Turning film 32 can be implemented with a sawtooth prism film, for example, or other type s of light redirecting films having a structured surface for redirecting light. For example, a linear Fresnel film can be used instead of a sawtooth prism film. Reflector 34 can be implemented with a specular reflector, for example the Enhanced Specular Reflector (ESR) film from 3M Company. In some cases the specular reflector can be structured so as to provide a limited amount of angular spreading. Specular reflectors with structure include, for example, metalized microstructured films. In some cases the reflector can be semi-specular in nature where the reflector provides a small amount of spreading or limited amount of diffusion for light incident on the reflector. Semi-specular reflectors include, for example, a lightly diffuse coating on ESR film. Diffuser 36 can be implemented with a lenticular diffusing film, for example, with the lenticulars arranged at 45° with respect to the prisms of turning film 32. When implemented with a lenticular diffusing film, the lenticulars can face toward or away from a viewer of graphic 40. Instead of a lenticular diffusing film, diffuser 36 can be implemented with an asymmetric diffuser. The optional air gap 38 can help prevent damage to the prisms of turning film 32. The air gap also provides a refractive index difference.
In use, the features (for example sawtooth prisms) in turning film 32 direct light from light source 46, such as a room light, to graphic 40 in order to passively illuminate the signage for a viewer 41. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating ray tracing for the signage of FIG. 3, represented by line 48 showing how turning film 32 directs light from room light 46 to graphic 40 and viewer 41 for the passive illumination.
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of front lit self illuminated signage 50, which is an alternative construction of signage 30. Signage 50 includes a turning film 52, a reflector 54, a diffuser 56, and a graphic 60. Signage 50 can also include an optional air gap 58 between turning film 52 and diffuser 56, and an optional air gap 59 between turning film 52 and graphic 60. An optional edge tape or frame 62 and 64 can be used around the edges of signage 50. In this alternative construction, the diffuser is placed behind the turning film (between the reflector and turning film) with graphic 60 remaining in front of the turning film from the viewer's perspective. In this alternative construction, the diffuser can be attached to the turning film through lamination or a microreplication process with the back side of the diffuser metalized to eliminate the need for a separate reflector. The components of signage 50 can be implemented with the components identified above for signage 30. In use, turning film 52 directs light from a light source 66 to graphic 60 and a viewer 61 in order to passively illuminate the signage.
An alternative construction of the front lit sign can include the design described above except the sign can incorporate a curve in the repeated pattern in order to always have the active face of the features largely face the light source. The center of the radius of curvature of the repeated prism pattern can be such that it largely lies at the projected center of the light source located directly above the sign. This design can produce a single bright spot, indicating that the specular reflections are well controlled. A diffuser can be used to spread the output to a usable width. This construction can be used with a near source as the light source.
Shaped Signage
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of self illuminated back lit shaped signage 70. Signage 70 includes a turning film 72, a first diffuser 74, and a second diffuser 76. Signage 70 optionally includes an air gap 78 between diffusers 74 and 76. Alternatively, diffusers 74 and 76 can be in physical contact or, instead of an air gap, can be separated by an optically clear material. The films or components of signage 70 can optionally be held together and edge sealed by tape or frame 82 and 84, which typically surrounds the edges of the films.
In use, the features (triangular prisms) in turning film 72 direct light from light source 86, such as a room light, to signage 70 in order to passively illuminate the signage for a viewer 81. Furthermore, a shape of signage 70 from the perspective of viewer 81 provides the content to be conveyed to the viewer.
FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of self illuminated front lit shaped signage 90. Signage 90 includes a turning film 92, a reflector 94, and a diffuser 96. Signage 90 optionally includes an air gap 98 between turning film 92 and diffuser 96. Alternatively, turning film 92 and diffuser 96 can be in physical contact or, instead of an air gap, can be separated by an optically clear material. The films or components of signage 90 can optionally be held together and edge sealed by tape or frame 102 and 104, which typically surrounds the edges of the films.
In use, the features (for example sawtooth prisms) in turning film 92 direct light from light source 106, such as a room light, to signage 90 in order to passively illuminate the signage for a viewer 101. Furthermore, a shape of signage 90 from the perspective of viewer 101 provides the content to be conveyed to the viewer.
Front lit shaped signage can optionally have the construction of signage 90 except without diffuser 96. In this alternative, the shaped front lit signage has a reflector and turning film, optionally with a frame or edge seal, and operates in a manner similar to signage 90.
The films and components of signage 70 and 90 can be implemented with, for example, the films and components described for signage 10 and 30. Signage 70 and 90 do not have a graphic in that the shape of the signs provides the content to be conveyed. Signage 90 can have the alternative construction of the front lit signage 50 shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 8 is a front view of an example of shaped signage without a graphic for signage 70 and 90. In this example, signage 70 or 90 is shaped into the form of letters 108 from the viewer's perspective. Therefore, the shape of the signage provides the content to be conveyed, in this example the word SODA. The shaped signage can optionally be mounted on a film or backing 110. For example, the back lit signage 70 or font lit signage 90 can be mounted on a transparent film or plate for mechanical support. As another example, the front lit signage 90 can be mounted on an opaque film or plate for both mechanical support and to provide contrast for the letters formed by the sign.
FIG. 9 is a front view of an example of shaped signage with a graphic. Signage 10, 30, and 50 can be shaped from the viewer's perspective. In this example, signage 10, 30, or 50 is shaped into the form of a bottle 112 from the viewer's perspective and also includes a graphic 114 having the word SODA on the graphic. Instead of the generic term soda, graphic 114 can include, for example, the branded name of the soda represented by the bottle shape.
The shaped signage can be made by, for example, laser cutting or die cutting the assembled layers of the signage into one or more desired shapes. The shaped signage can also be placed, for example, on product packaging and have a shape resembling the shape of the packaging. The shapes of the shaped signage can include branded shapes, for example. In addition to the shape providing content, the color of the shaped signage can provide some content, for example branded shapes provided in corresponding branded colors.
Two-Sided Signage
FIG. 10 is a side sectional view of self illuminated two-sided signage 120 with two front lit signs. The first sign for signage 120 includes a turning film 126, a reflector 127, a diffuser 124, and a graphic 121. The first sign optionally includes an air gap 125 between turning film 126 and graphic 121. Alternatively, turning film 126 and graphic 121 can be in physical contact or, instead of an air gap, can be separated by an optically clear material. The films or components of the first sign can optionally be held together and edge sealed by tape or frame 122 and 123, which typically surrounds the edges of the films. Graphic 121 can be printed on diffuser 124 or printed on a transparency applied to, for example laminated on, diffuser 124.
The second sign for signage 120 includes a turning film 135, a reflector 136, a diffuser 134, and a graphic 130. The second sign optionally includes an air gap 133 between turning film 135 and graphic 130. Alternatively, turning film 135 and graphic 130 can be in physical contact or, instead of an air gap, can be separated by an optically clear material. The films or components of the second sign can optionally be held together and edge sealed by tape or frame 131 and 132, which typically surrounds the edges of the films. Graphic 130 can be printed on diffuser 134 or printed on a transparency applied to, for example laminated on, diffuser 134.
In use, the features (for example sawtooth prisms) in turning film 126 direct light from light source 129, such as a room light, to graphic 121 in order to passively illuminate the signage for a viewer 128. Also in use, the features (for example sawtooth prisms) in turning film 135 direct light from light source 139, such as a room light, to graphic 130 in order to passively illuminate the signage for a viewer 138.
The first and second signs for signage 120 can optionally include a common reflector, reflective on both sides, instead of two reflectors 127 and 136. The edge tape or frame 122, 123, 131, and 132 can be combined into a common edge tape or frame for both signs. The first and second signs can be laminated or otherwise adhered together at reflectors 127 and 136, or they can be held together by the edge tape or frame. Signage 120 provides for two front lit signs arranged back-to-back. Signage 120 can optionally be shaped as described in the example of FIG. 9 such that the shape of signage 120 along with graphics 121 and 130 provide the content to be conveyed to the viewers.
FIG. 11 is a side sectional view of self illuminated two-sided signage 150 with front lit and back lit signs. The first sign for signage 150 includes a turning film 156, a reflector 157, a diffuser 154, and a graphic 151. The first sign optionally includes an air gap 155 between turning film 156 and graphic 151. Alternatively, turning film 156 and graphic 151 can be in physical contact or, instead of an air gap, can be separated by an optically clear material. The films or components of the first sign can optionally be held together and edge sealed by tape or frame 152 and 153, which typically surrounds the edges of the films. Graphic 151 can be printed on diffuser 154 or printed on a transparency applied to, for example laminated on, diffuser 154.
The second sign for signage 150 includes a first diffuser 165, a second diffuser 162, and a graphic 163. The second sign optionally includes an air gap 164 between diffusers 165 and 162. Alternatively, diffusers 165 and 162 can be in physical contact or, instead of an air gap, can be separated by an optically clear material. The films or components of the second sign can optionally be held together and edge sealed by tape or frame 160 and 161, which typically surrounds the edges of the films. Graphic 163 can be printed on diffuser 162 or printed on a transparency applied to, for example laminated on, diffuser 162. The second (back lit) sign can optionally include a turning film adjacent diffuser 165, such as the turning film and configuration shown for the back lit sign in FIG. 1.
In use, the features (for example sawtooth prisms) in turning film 156 direct light from light source 159, such as a room light, to graphic 151 in order to passively illuminate the signage for a viewer 158. Also in use, some light from light source 159 is transmitted through the first sign to graphic 163 in order to passively illuminate the signage for a viewer 167. In particular, when reflector 157 is implemented with a partial or half mirror, for example, reflector 157 reflects light from light source 159 for the front lit sign and transmits light from light source 159 for the back lit sign.
In signage 150, the edge tape or frame 152, 153, 160, and 161 can be combined into a common edge tape or frame for both signs. The first and second signs can be laminated or otherwise adhered together at reflector 157 and diffuser 165, or they can be held together by the edge tape or frame optionally with an air gap between reflector 157 and diffuser 165. Signage 150 provides for a front lit sign and a back lit sign arranged back-to-back. Signage 150 can optionally be shaped as described in the example of FIG. 9 such that the shape of signage 150 along with graphics 151 and 163 provide the content to be conveyed to the viewers.
The films and components for signage 120 and 150 can be implemented with the films and components described for signage 10 and 30. In signage 120 and 150, the front lit signs can have the alternative construction of the front lit signage 50 shown in FIG. 4.
For the signage described above, the remotely located or ambient light may be oriented either in front of or behind the graphic and possibly at a high angle depending on the specific signage design. The light sources for the signage are shown proximate the signs for illustrative purposes only; the light sources can be located at a variety of positions and distances in front of the sign for front lit signs or behind the signs for back lit signs, including positioned at various angles with respect to the signs. Aside from or in addition to room lighting, the light source can include sunlight from a window, for example. The light source can also include a large area collimated light source. The signage is self illuminated, meaning it uses passive illumination and does not contain its own active light source.
For the self illuminated signage, when a film or component is recited as being on another film or component, the film or component can be directly on (in physical contact with) the other film or component, adjacent but not in physical contact with the other film or component, or partially directly on and partially adjacent the other film or component.
The signage including the graphic can be substantially planar, as shown, or optionally curved. For curved signage, the optional frame can be curved to hold the films of the signage in a curved arrangement. The graphic for the sign can include, for example, text, logos, drawings, images, branded shapes, photos, or any other static information. The static information can be provided as a print on any type of substantially transparent and substantially non-diffusing substrate, for example polymeric films or transparent inorganic glass. In some embodiments the static information can comprise a solid color surface, which can optionally also be a structured surface. In some embodiments the static information can comprise a multi-color surface, which can optionally also be a structured surface. The information for the graphic is contained on the signage and is not projected onto it. However, the self illumination of the signage may provide the appearance of a projected image due to the lighting of the graphic. Also, depending upon the types of diffuser or other films used in the signage, the graphic may have the appearance of a 3D or floating image.
For any of the self illuminated signage, the frame holding the components together can include a shelf edge label frame. With such a frame, the graphic can optionally be removable from the shelf edge label and replaced with a different graphic using the same diffusers and turning films. For example, a store can provide the shelf edge label without the graphic, and a customer or vendor can then provide the graphic or the graphic laminated to the diffuser to be included in the shelf edge label frame. In this example, the graphic is removable from the diffuser or the turning film, depending upon whether the graphic or graphic and diffuser combination is provided.
When the self illuminated signage is used in multiple shelf edge labels at varying shelf heights, the signs can be tuned to the lighting environment to optimize the self illumination for different viewing angles based upon the sign position. For example, a combination of three shelf edge label self illuminated signs at varying heights can be provided and tuned for viewing from three angles for the viewer looking directly at a shelf edge label, down at a shelf edge label, and up at a shelf edge label.
Aside from shelf edge labels, other self illuminated signs can also be tuned to lighting environments to optimize or provide a desired appearance based upon a position of the signs within the lighting environments.
The front lit self illuminated signage, whether shaped or not, can optionally include a static sign or graphic on the back side opposite the side with the illuminated graphic.
The front and back lit self illuminated signage, whether shape or not, can optionally include a partial mirror over the turning film such that the signage is self illuminated and includes some reflectivity from the viewer side.

## Claims

1. A self illuminated back lit sign, comprising:
a turning film having a first structured surface for redirecting light and a second surface opposite the first surface; and
a first diffuser on the second surface of the turning film and providing for diffusion in at least a first direction,
wherein the turning film directs light via the first structured surface from behind the sign toward a viewer of the sign in order to passively illuminate the sign,
wherein a shape of the sign from the viewer's perspective provides content to be conveyed to the viewer,
further comprising a graphic on a side of the first diffuser opposite the turning film.

2. The sign of claim 1, further comprising a second diffuser between the first diffuser and the graphic and providing for diffusion in a second direction different from the first direction.

3. The sign of claim 2, wherein the second direction of diffusion is orthogonal to the first direction of diffusion.

4. The sign of claim 2, further comprising an air gap between the first diffuser and the second diffuser.

5. The sign of claim 1, wherein the first diffuser comprises an asymmetric diffuser.

6. The sign of claim 2, wherein the first and second diffusers each comprise a lenticular diffuser.

7. The sign of claim 1, wherein the first diffuser is a lenticular diffuser registered with the first structured surface of the turning film.

8. The sign of claim 1, wherein the shape of the sign comprises one or more letters.

9. The sign of claim 1, wherein the sign is mounted on a transparent film or plate.