Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 38 / Thursday, February 26, 2015 / Notices 10501 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the 

human remains described in this notice 

represent the physical remains of one 

individual of Native American ancestry. 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there 

is a relationship of shared group 

identity that can be reasonably traced 

between the Native American human 

remains and associated funerary objects 

and the Wampanoag Repatriation 

Confederacy, representing the Mashpee 

Wampanoag Tribe (previously listed as 

the Mashpee Wampanoag Indian Tribal 

Council, Inc.), the Wampanoag Tribe of 

Gay Head (Aquinnah), and, if joined, the 

Assonet Band of the Wampanoag 

Nation, a non-federally recognized 

Indian group). 

Additional Requestors and Disposition 

Lineal descendants or representatives 

of any Indian tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization not identified in this notice 

that wish to request transfer of control 

of these human remains and associated 

funerary objects should submit a written 

request with information in support of 

the request to Dr. Ryan J. Wheeler, 

Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology, Phillips Academy, 180 

Main Street, Andover, MA 01810, 

telephone (978) 749–4490, email 

rwheeler@andover.edu, by March 30, 

2015. After that date, if no additional 

requestors have come forward, transfer 

of control of the human remains and 

associated funerary objects to the 

Wampanoag Repatriation Confederacy, 

representing the Mashpee Wampanoag 

Tribe (previously listed as the Mashpee 

Wampanoag Indian Tribal Council, 

Inc.), the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head 

(Aquinnah), and, if joined, the Assonet 

Band of the Wampanoag Nation, a nonfederally recognized Indian group, may 

proceed. 

The Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology is responsible for notifying 

the Wampanoag Repatriation 

Confederacy, representing the Mashpee 

Wampanoag Tribe (previously listed as 

the Mashpee Wampanoag Indian Tribal 

Council, Inc.), the Wampanoag Tribe of 

Gay Head (Aquinnah), and the Assonet 

Band of the Wampanoag Nation, a nonfederally recognized Indian group, that 

this notice has been published. 

Dated: January 23, 2015. 

Melanie O’Brien, 

Acting Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. 2015–04045 Filed 2–25–15; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–50–P 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

[NPS–WASO–NAGPRA–17550; 

PPWOCRADN0–PCU00RP14.R50000] 

Notice of Inventory Completion: Robert 

S. Peabody Museum of Archaeology, 

Phillips Academy, Andover, MA 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: The Robert S. Peabody 

Museum of Archaeology has completed 

an inventory of human remains and 

associated funerary objects, in 

consultation with the appropriate 

Indian tribes or Native Hawaiian 

organizations, and has determined that 

there is a cultural affiliation between the 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects and present-day Indian tribes or 

Native Hawaiian organizations. Lineal 

descendants or representatives of any 

Indian tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization not identified in this notice 

that wish to request transfer of control 

of these human remains and associated 

funerary objects should submit a written 

request to the Robert S. Peabody 

Museum of Archaeology. If no 

additional requestors come forward, 

transfer of control of the human remains 

and associated funerary objects to the 

lineal descendants, Indian tribes, or 

Native Hawaiian organizations stated in 

this notice may proceed. 

DATES: Lineal descendants or 

representatives of any Indian tribe or 

Native Hawaiian organization not 

identified in this notice that wish to 

request transfer of control of these 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects should submit a written request 

with information in support of the 

request to the Robert S. Peabody 

Museum of Archaeology at the address 

in this notice by March 30, 2015. 

ADDRESSES: Dr. Ryan J. Wheeler, Robert 

S. Peabody Museum of Archaeology, 

Phillips Academy, 180 Main Street, 

Andover, MA 01810, telephone (978) 

749–4490, email rwheeler@andover.edu. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is 

here given in accordance with the 

Native American Graves Protection and 

Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 

3003, of the completion of an inventory 

of human remains and associated 

funerary objects under the control of the 

Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology, Phillips Academy, 

Andover, MA. The human remains and 

associated funerary objects were 

removed from ten sites in Massachusetts 

described here according to site 

location, county, and town, when 

available. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in 

this notice are the sole responsibility of 

the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the Native 

American human remains and 

associated funerary objects. The 

National Park Service is not responsible 

for the determinations in this notice. 

Consultation 

A detailed assessment of the human 

remains and associated funerary objects 

was made by the Robert S. Peabody 

Museum of Archaeology professional 

staff in consultation with 

representatives of the Wampanoag 

Repatriation Confederacy, representing 

the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head 

(Aquinnah), Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe 

(previously listed as the Mashpee 

Wampanoag Indian Tribal Council, 

Inc.), and the Assonet Band of the 

Wampanoag Nation (a non-federally 

recognized Indian group). Inventories of 

human remains and associated funerary 

objects from Wakefield, Georgetown, 

Shattuck Farm, Lowell Textile School, 

Poznick, Call, and Indian Rock sites 

were shared with the Abenaki Nation of 

New Hampshire (a non-federally 

recognized Indian group) and the 

Abenaki Nation of Missisquoi St. 

Francis/Sokoki Band (a non-federally 

recognized Indian group) in 1999, but 

consultation was not conducted with 

these groups. 

History and Description of the Remains 

Cape Cod-Southeastern Massachusetts 

South Dennis 

William W. Taylor removed human 

remains representing, at minimum, one 

individual at an unknown site in South 

Dennis, Barnstable County, MA, which 

were acquired by the Phillips Academy 

Department of Archaeology (now the 

Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology) in 1913 (Peabody Accn. 

54612). The human remains are one 

sternum fragment. The individual is a 

female juvenile to subadult. No known 

individuals were identified. No 

associated funerary objects are present. 

No documentation exists for this site, 

other than the entries for the human 

remains in the museum catalog. Records 

indicate that two other lots of artifacts 

were accessioned from the same site, 

also acquired from William W. Taylor, 

including broken stone implements; 

most of these stone implements were 

deaccessioned, though one rough 

preform (Peabody Accn. 54613) is still 

at the museum. The presence of stone 

implements at the site corroborates the 


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identification of the remains as Native 

American. Temporal association is not 

possible. Research by anthropologist 

Frank Speck (see his 1928 monograph 

‘‘Territorial Subdivisions and 

Boundaries of the Wampanoag, 

Massachusett, and Nauset Indians,’’ 

Indian Notes and Monographs No. 44) 

places the area around South Dennis 

within the homeland of the Nauset, a 

group historically affiliated with the 

Wampanoag and Narragansett. Speck 

documents the Mashpee Wampanoag as 

the descendant community of Nauset 

and other Native American 

communities of the Cape Cod area after 

1675. Bert Salwen’s 1978 entry ‘‘Indians 

of Southern New England and Long 

Island: Early Period,’’ appearing in the 

Handbook of North American Indians: 

Northeast, edited by Bruce G. Trigger 

states that the indigenous groups in the 

region extending ‘‘from Saco Bay, 

Maine, to the vicinity of the Housatonic 

River, in Connecticut, and from Long 

Island inland to southern New 

Hampshire and Vermont’’ shared a 

cultural pattern (page 160–161). 

Elaborating on the work of Frank T. 

Siebert, Jr., linguist Jessie Little Doe 

Baird demonstrates linguistic unity 

among Wampanoag, Massachusett, and 

Pennacook peoples in adjacent parts of 

Rhode Island and Massachusetts, 

including the area on Cape Cod. 

Wareham 

William L. Greene removed human 

remains representing, at minimum, one 

individual at an unknown site in 

Wareham, Plymouth County, MA, at 

some time in the 1940s which were 

acquired by the Robert S. Peabody 

Museum of Archaeology prior to 2000 

(Peabody Accn. 204.1). The human 

remains are cranial fragments. The teeth 

present exhibit wear on the deciduous 

molars and evidence of crowding with 

the eruption of the permanent teeth. The 

individual is a female juvenile, aged 

approximately 9–10 years old at time of 

death. No known individuals were 

identified. No associated funerary 

objects are present. Cranial anatomy and 

teeth are consistent with Native 

American ancestry. 

Kathryn Fairbanks and David DeMello 

of the Robbins Museum of Archaeology 

in Middleborough, MA suggested that 

Greene was digging in the 1940s at a site 

located in Wareham near the Weweantic 

River called Horseshoe or Conant’s Hill. 

Craig S. Chartier, Director of the 

Plymouth Archaeological Discovery 

Project, had not heard of Greene digging 

in Wareham, but confirmed that 

Conant’s Hill was the focus of burial 

excavations in Wareham in the 1940s. 

Notes dated 1982 by Maurice Robbins 

confirms that William Greene excavated 

at that part of Conant’s Hill known as 

‘‘Site 13’’ during the period 1940–1946 

along with members of the Middleboro 

Archaeology Club (see Massachusetts 

Historical Commission site file for 

Conant’s Hill #19–PL–189). A Notice of 

Inventory Completion published by the 

Harvard University Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology and Ethnology in 2003 

reported that according to museum 

records a lead ring was found in 

association with human remains at the 

Conant’s Hill site, indicating that at 

least some of the burials at the site date 

to the Historic/Contact period (post-A.D. 

1500). The National Register of Historic 

Places nomination for Conant’s Hill 

indicates occupation from 4,500 years 

ago through A.D. 1650. Frank Speck (see 

his 1928 monograph ‘‘Territorial 

Subdivisions and Boundaries of the 

Wampanoag, Massachusett, and Nauset 

Indians,’’ Indian Notes and Monographs 

No. 44) places the area around Wareham 

within the homeland of the 

Wampanoag. 

Merrimack River Valley-Northeastern 

Massachusetts 

Wakefield 

Between 1890 and 1901, Charles 

Perkins removed human remains 

representing, at minimum, one 

individual at an unknown site in 

Wakefield, Essex County, MA, which 

were acquired by the Phillips Academy 

Department of Archaeology (now the 

Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology) in 1912 (Peabody Accn. 

58335). The human remains are three 

fragmentary teeth. The individual is an 

adult of indeterminate sex. No known 

individuals were identified. No 

associated funerary objects are present. 

No documentation exists for this site, 

other than the entries for the human 

remains in the museum catalog. Perkins 

collected other Native American 

artifacts from this site (Peabody Accn. 

21201 through 21550 and 22644 through 

22925), corroborating the identification 

of the human remains as Native 

American. Physical examination 

indicates that the remains are likely 

Native American. Temporal association 

is not possible. Frank Speck (see his 

1928 monograph ‘‘Territorial 

Subdivisions and Boundaries of the 

Wampanoag, Massachusett, and Nauset 

Indians,’’ Indian Notes and Monographs 

No. 44) places the area around 

Wakefield within the homeland of the 

Massachusett. Speck notes that in the 

early seventeenth century the area north 

of the Charles River extending to the 

region of Lynn and Marblehead was 

controlled by the Massachusett sachem 

Nanepashemet. This branch of the 

Massachusetts had close relationships 

with both the Pennacook and Nipmuc. 

Bert Salwen’s 1978 entry ‘‘Indians of 

Southern New England and Long Island: 

Early Period,’’ appearing in the 

Handbook of North American Indians: 

Northeast, edited by Bruce G. Trigger 

states that the indigenous groups in the 

region extending ‘‘from Saco Bay, 

Maine, to the vicinity of the Housatonic 

River, in Connecticut, and from Long 

Island inland to southern New 

Hampshire and Vermont’’ shared a 

cultural pattern (page 160–161). 

Elaborating on the work of Frank T. 

Siebert, Jr., linguist Jessie Little Doe 

Baird demonstrates linguistic unity 

among Wampanoag, Massachusett, and 

Pennacook peoples in adjacent parts of 

Rhode Island and Massachusetts, 

including the area around Wakefield. 

Georgetown 

Mrs. William J. Dow removed human 

remains representing, at minimum, one 

individual at an unknown site near 

Georgetown, Essex County, MA, which 

were acquired by the Phillips Academy 

Department of Archaeology (now the 

Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology) in 1924 (Peabody Accn. 

57205, 57206, and 57207). The human 

remains are fragments of a tibia, fibula, 

and crania. The individual is a female 

juvenile to subadult. No known 

individuals were identified. No 

associated funerary objects are present. 

No documentation exists for this site, 

other than the entries for the human 

remains in the museum catalog. 

Physical examination indicates that the 

remains are likely Native American. 

Temporal association is not possible. 

Shattuck Farm 

In May 1914 and October 1921, 

human remains representing, at 

minimum, 6 individuals were removed 

from the Shattuck Farm site, Andover, 

Essex County, MA. The Shattuck Farm 

site is located on the second fluvial 

terrace at the ‘‘Great Bend’’ area on the 

south side of the Merrimack River. 

Investigations of this site were made by 

Warren K. Moorehead (1914) and Alfred 

V. Kidder (1921) on behalf of the 

Phillips Academy Department of 

Archaeology (now the Robert S. 

Peabody Museum of Archaeology) 

(Peabody Accn. 55996, 55997, 55998, 

59240, 59241, and 90.121.1 through 

90.121.16, and 90.122.1 through 

90.122.3 and 90.124.1). Grave 1 includes 

two cremation burials: Burial 1 includes 

three fragmentary rib and other calcined 

bone fragments. The individual is an 

infant of indeterminate sex. Some of the 

calcined bone fragments appear to be 


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copper stained. Burial 2 includes a 

variety of bone fragments from all parts 

of the body, but the fragmentary 

condition prohibits a detailed inventory. 

The individual represented is a juvenile, 

possibly a subadult of indeterminate 

sex. Ten associated funerary objects 

from Grave 1 are soil sample (1), pottery 

sherds (2), fire-cracked stone gorget (1), 

ceramic fragment (1), ochre (2), and 

unmodified pebbles (3). Grave 2 

includes two burials: Burial 1 is 

fragmentary remains tentatively 

identified as a female, 30 years of age; 

Burial 2 consists of fragmentary teeth of 

a juvenile of indeterminate age. Six 

associated funerary objects are soil 

sample (1) and pottery sherds (5). Grave 

3 contained a tooth of one sub-adult 

individual of indeterminate sex. Sixty 

associated funerary objects are bone tool 

or flint knapping tool kit (5), bone 

harpoon (1), pottery sherds (23), 

chipped stone biface fragment (1), 

chipped stone flake (1), charcoal sample 

(1), ochre sample (1), felsite and quartz 

flakes (17), burnt rock fragments (9), and 

soil matrix sample (1). Grave 4 

contained the fragmentary remains of 

one adult individual, 30–35 years of age, 

of indeterminate sex. No associated 

funerary objects are present. No known 

individuals were identified. 

Information about the Shattuck Farm 

site is found in Barbara E. Luedtke’s 

report ‘‘The Camp at the Bend in the 

River: Prehistory at the Shattuck Farm 

Site,’’ published by the Massachusetts 

Historical Commission in 1985, the files 

of the Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology, and the files of the 

Massachusetts Historical Commission, 

(site #19–ES–196). The burials 

excavated by Alfred Kidder in 1921 

were located on a sandy knoll near the 

river, and the notes on file suggest he 

was working on the kame terrace, 

probably toward the eastern edge of the 

site. Much of this kame terrace has been 

lost to bulldozing and construction and 

testing at the site by Luedtke in the early 

1980s indicates considerable horizontal 

temporal variation across the site, 

including on remaining portions of the 

kame terrace. For example, Luedtke’s 

Locus C and H sampled remaining 

portions of the kame terrace, but found 

evidence of occupation from Early 

through Late Woodland times (from 

2,500 to 350 years ago). Artifacts found 

with some burials excavated by others at 

Shattuck Farm from the kame terrace 

dated to the period of European Contact, 

though others may have been much 

earlier. For example, Fred Luce, who 

excavated in the kame terrace burial 

area about the same time that Warren 

Moorehead was at the site described one 

burial as a ‘‘red paint grave,’’ alluding 

to the Moorehead Burial Tradition 

known from the Late Archaic. Overall, 

Shattuck Farm exhibits continuous use 

from the Late Archaic around 6,000 

years ago well into the seventeenth 

century. 

Lowell Textile School 

At an unknown date, unknown 

persons removed human remains 

representing, at minimum, one 

individual at a site located at the Lowell 

Textile School in Lowell, Middlesex 

County, MA (now the location of the 

North Campus of the University of 

Massachusetts, Lowell), which were 

acquired by the Phillips Academy 

Department of Archaeology (now the 

Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology) in 1900 from George 

Sawtelle (Peabody Accn. 90.115.1 and 

90.120.1). The human remains are 

fragmentary. The individual is an adult 

female, 30–35 years of age at death. The 

morphology of the palate and the teeth 

indicate Native American ancestry. No 

known individuals were identified. 

Associated funerary objects are 1 pottery 

sherd. 

Information about the Lowell Textile 

School site is found in the files of the 

Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology, records maintained by 

Eugene C. Winter, and the files of the 

Massachusetts Historical Commission, 

(site #19–MD–46). The Lowell Textile 

School site is located on a high bluff 

overlooking Pawtucket Falls on the 

western side of the Merrimack River. 

The site files of the Massachusetts 

Historical Commission describe the site 

here ‘‘as a large Native American 

village,’’ and numerous collections from 

the site are noted in the records. Warren 

Moorehead, in his 1931 report ‘‘The 

Merrimack Archaeological Survey: A 

Preliminary Paper’’ notes that at the 

Lowell Textile School burials had been 

found when the boiler house was 

erected and that numerous artifacts 

could still be located in the area (page 

25). Research by Eugene Winter 

indicates that the site was likely a 

fishing station to take advantage of the 

falls and that Passaconaway, sachem of 

the Pawtucket, used this site as his 

southernmost headquarters. 

Poznick Site 

In 1978, Eugene C. Winter and 

Richard ‘‘Scotty’’ MacNeish removed 

human remains representing, at 

minimum, one individual from the 

Poznick site in Lowell, Middlesex 

County, MA, under the auspices of the 

Robert S. Peabody Foundation for 

Archaeology (now the Robert S. 

Peabody Museum of Archaeology) 

(Peabody Accn. 90.111.1). The 

individual is an adult male, 40–45 years 

old at time of death. The human 

remains are fragmentary, but nearly 

complete. No known individuals were 

identified. No associated funerary 

objects are present. 

Information about the Poznick site, or 

Trull Farm site, is found in Susan I. 

Thorstensen’s 1977 article ‘‘The Poznick 

Site: A Preliminary Report’’ published 

in The New Hampshire Archeologist 

(No. 19, paes 9–16), the files of the 

Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology, records maintained by 

Eugene C. Winter, who was involved in 

some excavations at the Poznick site, 

and the files of the Massachusetts 

Historical Commission, (site #19–MD– 

47). The Poznick site is located 

downstream and on the opposite bank 

(eastern side) of the Merrimack River 

from the Lowell Textile School site (see 

above), which has been described as the 

location of a Pawtucket or Pennacook 

village. Thorstensen’s excavations, 

conducted prior to the discovery of the 

burial, revealed a long history of 

occupation dating back to the Middle 

Archaic and continuing through the 

Late Archaic and Early and Middle 

Woodland periods as well. Eugene 

Winter’s research indicates that the 

Poznick site may have been on land that 

was reserved by English law for the 

Native Americans of the village of 

Wamesit. According to Winter, the land 

at the Poznick site was demarcated by 

a ditch dug around it (see Wilson 

Waters 1917 book ‘‘History of 

Chelmsford, Massachusetts,’’ page 78, 

which mentions a ditch constructed at 

Wamesit after 1660 and the merger of 

two or more towns, and Charles 

Cowley’s 1868 book ‘‘A History of 

Lowell,’’ 2nd revised edition, page 12, 

which describes the boundary ditch that 

demarcated about 2,500 acres of the 

Wamesit Indian Reservation, still visible 

in the 1860s). 

Call Site, Billerica 

In 1957, Douglas Jordan and Eugene 

Winter removed human remains 

representing, at minimum, two 

individuals from the Call site in 

Billerica, Middlesex County, MA, which 

were transferred to the Robert S. 

Peabody Foundation for Archaeology 

(now the Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology) (Peabody Accn. 90.112.1, 

90.112.2 and 90.119.1 through 

90.119.8). The Call site is located at a 

sharp bend four miles upstream on the 

Concord River from its confluence with 

the Merrimack River. Fragmentary 

remains uncovered during road 

construction represent an adult male 

and one adult female, 35–40 years of 


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age. No known individuals were 

identified. Sixty-six associated funerary 

objects accompanied the adult male, 

including chipped stone projectile 

points (2), pottery sherds (2), burned 

animal bone fragments (6), small flat 

pebbles (2), charcoal sample (1), 

chipped stone flakes (43), and 

unmodified rocks (10). 

Information about the Call site is 

found in Walter A. Vossberg and J. 

Alfred Mansfield’s 1955 article ‘‘A 

Preliminary Report on the Concord 

River Site at Billerica, Massachusetts 

M–11SE9’’ and Eugene C. Winter’s 2006 

article, ‘‘An Atlantic Phase Mortuary 

Feature at the Call Site, Billerica, MA,’’ 

both published in the Bulletin of the 

Massachusetts Archaeological Society, 

from the files of the Robert S. Peabody 

Museum of Archaeology, in notes by 

Eugene Winter dated August 23, 1992, 

undated field notes, and the files of the 

Massachusetts Historical Commission 

(site #19–MD–37). The Call site is 

described as ‘‘a large area 18 inches 

higher that surrounding plain above 

swamp to north and west which leads 

to river and brook.’’ The site is located 

on the east side of the Concord River. 

It is important to note that the remains 

and associated funerary objects reported 

here are not those described in Winter’s 

2006 article; those remains were 

excavated from the same site in 1954. 

Winter’s 1992 notes describe the burials 

found initially by a Mr. Harley 

McCauley who was digging at the site in 

an area where boulders were exposed 

above the ground surface. Mr. 

McCauley’s digging around the boulders 

exposed human remains and obscured 

evidence of the original burial pit, 

which appears to have been about 33 

inches deep and may have been lined 

with stone cobbles. Unlike the 

cremation burial reported from the site 

in Winter’s 2006 article, the two burials 

reported here appear to have been 

bundle burials; Winter suggests in his 

1992 notes that the associated funerary 

objects reported here may have been 

accidental inclusions in the burial pit 

fill. One of the chipped stone projectile 

points is identified as a Levanna, dating 

to 1,300 to 600 years ago. 

Indian Rock Site, North Billerica 

In the 1880s, James Haulton removed 

human remains representing, at 

minimum, one individual from the 

vicinity of Indian Rock in North 

Billerica, Middlesex County, MA, which 

were acquired by Mrs. Luther W. 

Faulkner and subsequently donated by 

her to the Billerica Historical Society; 

the dates of Mrs. Faulkner’s acquisition 

and donation are unknown. The 

Billerica Historical Society transferred 

the remains to the Robert S. Peabody 

Museum of Archaeology in 1993 

(Peabody Accn. 90.114). Indian Rock is 

described as a small island just north of 

a major bend in the Concord River in 

the vicinity of present-day Hampstead 

Avenue. The individual is an adult 

male, approximately 50 years old at 

time of death. The human remains are 

a cranium with anterior dentition lost 

during life and evidence of considerable 

periodontal disease. Archival material 

identifies the remains as those of a 

Native American known as Punjoe or 

Ponjo who was murdered by white 

settlers near the end of the eighteenth 

century. No associated funerary objects 

are present. 

Information about the archeological 

sites recorded in this area are found in 

the files of the Massachusetts Historical 

Commission (site #19–MD–35) and the 

files of the Robert S. Peabody Museum 

of Archaeology. Warren Moorehead, in 

his 1931 report ‘‘The Merrimack 

Archaeological Survey: A Preliminary 

Paper’’ describes this area as ‘‘a long 

sand ridge flanking the Concord River, 

and where the dam is located were 

originally falls, also noting that two 

poorly preserved burials were found in 

the sand ridge, each covered with a thin 

layer of charcoal (page 24). Additional 

information about Punjoe and the 

Indian Rock site are found in the 

records of the Billerica Historical 

Society, including an undated transcript 

of a letter from Mrs. Faulkner (circa late 

nineteenth century), and in the 

transcript of an address by Charles H. 

Kohlrausch Jr.to the Billerica Historical 

Society delivered June 13, 1903 titled 

‘‘A Paper on the Early History of North 

Billerica.’’ A similar account is found in 

the February 1915 edition of the 

monthly leaflet ‘‘Billerica’’ (Volume 3, 

No. 9). Matthew Harvey Kohlrausch 

(son of Charles H. Kohlrausch Jr.) 

provides a slightly different version of 

the story in his ‘‘Billerica 

Recollections,’’ transcribed and on file 

with the Billerica Historical Society. 

Each version of the story provides a few 

details and all vary slightly, but agree 

that Punjoe was the last of the Wamesit 

Indians living in the Billerica area who 

was pursued and murdered by white 

settlers led by members of the Rogers 

family, down the Concord River after 

some unidentified conflict. The account 

published in 1915 explains that he hid 

on Indian Rock in order to evade his 

pursuers, but was discovered, shot, and 

buried on ‘‘a sandy knoll on the east 

side of the river.’’ The 1915 account and 

the 1903 paper by Charles Kohlrausch 

concur that Punjoe’s skull and some 

long bones were removed from his grave 

and were in the possession of the 

Billerica Historical Society. The 1915 

account states that other American 

Indian graves were located in the same 

vicinity. The society no longer had long 

bones in 1993 when the remains were 

transferred to the Robert S. Peabody 

Museum of Archaeology. The undated 

account (probably written between 1912 

and 1929) by Matthew H. Kohlrausch 

asserts that this American Indian 

individual was pursued and killed by 

Anglo-American settlers after murdering 

the wife of John Rogers; he also notes 

that his father had the remains for some 

time, but that they were ultimately 

incinerated. It is worth noting that all of 

these accounts date to sometime in the 

nineteenth or early twentieth centuries 

after the remains had been excavated 

and are not contemporary with the 

pursuit and murder being described. 

Wamesit was established in the area 

now known as Chelmsford as a ‘‘Praying 

Indian’’ town in 1653 in response to a 

petition filed by John Eliot. Kathleen J. 

Bragdon, writing in her 2009 book 

Native People of Southern New 

England, 1650–1775 (page 201) 

indicates that these Praying Indian 

communities were often comprised of 

indigenous people of a variety of ethnic 

and linguistic groups. By 1675 the 

tensions of King Philip’s War forced 

native people to abandon towns like 

Wamesit; in 1686 tribal leader 

Wonalancet deeded the remaining 

Wamesit lands to Anglo-American 

settlers from Chelmsford. The 1695 

massacre of John Rogers and members of 

his family while living on the fringes of 

Billerica may likely be the origin of part 

of the story related by Matthew Harvey 

Kohlrausch, though it would appear 

there are considerable 

misunderstandings of chronology and 

events. American Indians did, however, 

continue to live in their historical 

homelands after the demise of the 

praying communities, though often were 

portrayed as the last of their kind in the 

literature of the nineteenth century. 

David Steward-Smith notes in his 

dissertation, cited above, that there are 

at least three stories that describe the 

persistence of Pennacook people in the 

area along the Merrimack River well 

into the eighteenth century, often 

recounted as ‘‘lastings’’ that describe the 

last of a particular indigenous 

community (pages 287–288). One 

individual who figures into these stories 

is Pehaugan or Pehaungun, described as 

‘‘the last of the Pennacooks,’’ who is 

noted in an encounter with Captain 

Ebenezer Eastman in 1726 on the lands 

historically occupied by Passaconaway 

and his people. According to Nathaniel 


rmajette on DSK2VPTVN1PROD with NOTICES
Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 38 / Thursday, February 26, 2015 / Notices 10505 

Bouton in his 1856 book ‘‘The History 

of Concord from its First Grant in 1725, 

to the Organization of the City 

Government in 1853, with a History of 

the Ancient Pennacooks,’’ Pehaungun is 

described as being 120 years old; he 

died in 1732 and was buried by other 

American Indians in the area. Bouton 

also mentions that Pehaungun and 

Tahanto, another Pennacook leader, 

provided testimony during the trial of 

one of an Indian accused of the murder 

of Thomas Dickinson in 1668. StewartSmith notes the obviously problematical 

nature of accounts like Bouton’s. It is 

possible, however, that accounts of 

Pehaugan and Tahanto, coupled with 

the discovery of a burial site, may have 

provided source material for the late 

nineteenth and early twentieth century 

accounts of ‘‘Punjoe.’’ 

The Georgetown, Shattuck Farm, 

Lowell Textile School, Poznick, Call, 

and Indian Rock sites are within the 

homeland historically occupied by the 

Pennacook or Pawtucket, who lived in 

the Merrimack River valley and adjacent 

areas of northeastern Massachusetts and 

New Hampshire. David Steward-Smith, 

in his 1998 Union Institute dissertation 

‘‘The Pennacook Indians and the New 

England Frontier, circa 1606–1733’’ 

discusses the coalescence of indigenous 

groups following King Philip’s War 

(1675–1678), including the Nipmuc, 

Wampanoag, Pocumtuck, and 

Narragansett who sought refuge among 

the Pennacook (p. 339). The historical 

accounts compiled by Stewart-Smith 

indicate consistent alliances with 

Abenaki peoples to the north. Bert 

Salwen’s 1978 entry ‘‘Indians of 

Southern New England and Long Island: 

Early Period,’’ appearing in the 

Handbook of North American Indians: 

Northeast, edited by Bruce G. Trigger 

states that the indigenous groups in the 

region extending ‘‘from Saco Bay, 

Maine, to the vicinity of the Housatonic 

River, in Connecticut, and from Long 

Island inland to southern New 

Hampshire and Vermont’’ shared a 

cultural pattern (page 160–161). 

Elaborating on the work of Frank T. 

Siebert, Jr., linguist Jessie Little Doe 

Baird demonstrates linguistic unity 

among Wampanoag, Massachusett, and 

Pennacook peoples in adjacent parts of 

Rhode Island and Massachusetts, 

including the area around the 

Georgetown, Shattuck Farm, Lowell 

Textile School, Poznick, Call, and 

Indian Rock sites. 

Determinations Made by the Robert S. 

Peabody Museum of Archaeology 

Officials of the Robert S. Peabody 

Museum of Archaeology have 

determined that: 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(9), the 

human remains described in this notice 

represent the physical remains of 15 

individuals of Native American 

ancestry. 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(A), 

the 143 objects described in this notice 

are reasonably believed to have been 

placed with or near individual human 

remains at the time of death or later as 

part of the death rite or ceremony. 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there 

is a relationship of shared group 

identity that can be reasonably traced 

between the Native American human 

remains and associated funerary objects 

and the Wampanoag Repatriation 

Confederacy, representing the Mashpee 

Wampanoag Tribe (previously listed as 

the Mashpee Wampanoag Indian Tribal 

Council, Inc.), the Wampanoag Tribe of 

Gay Head (Aquinnah), and, if joined, the 

Assonet Band of the Wampaog Nation, 

a non-federally recognized Indian 

group. 

Additional Requestors and Disposition 

Lineal descendants or representatives 

of any Indian tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization not identified in this notice 

that wish to request transfer of control 

of these human remains and associated 

funerary objects should submit a written 

request with information in support of 

the request to Dr. Ryan J. Wheeler, 

Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology, Phillips Academy, 180 

Main Street, Andover, MA 01810, 

telephone (978) 749–4490, email 

rwheeler@andover.edu, by March 30, 

2015. After that date, if no additional 

requestors have come forward, transfer 

of control of the human remains and 

associated funerary objects to the 

Wampanoag Repatriation Confederacy, 

representing the Mashpee Wampanoag 

Tribe (previously listed as the Mashpee 

Wampanoag Indian Tribal Council, 

Inc.), the Wampanoag Tribe of Gay Head 

(Aquinnah), and, if joined, the Assonet 

Band of the Wampaog Nation, a nonfederally recognized Indian group. 

The Robert S. Peabody Museum of 

Archaeology is responsible for notifying 

the Wampanoag Repatriation 

Confederacy, representing the Mashpee 

Wampanoag Tribe (previously listed as 

the Mashpee Wampanoag Indian Tribal 

Council, Inc.), the Wampanoag Tribe of 

Gay Head (Aquinnah), and the Assonet 

Band of the Wampaog Nation, a nonfederally recognized Indian group, that 

this notice has been published. 

Dated: January 23, 2015. 

Melanie O’Brien, 

Acting Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. 2015–04062 Filed 2–25–15; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–50–P 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

[NPS–WASO–NAGPRA–17549; 

PPWOCRADN0–PCU00RP14.R50000] 

Notice of Inventory Completion: Kerr 

County Attorney’s Office, Kerr County, 

TX 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: The Kerr County Attorney’s 

Office has completed an inventory of 

human remains, in consultation with 

the appropriate Indian tribes or Native 

Hawaiian organizations, and has 

determined that there is a cultural 

affiliation between the human remains 

and present-day Indian tribes or Native 

Hawaiian organizations. Lineal 

descendants or representatives of any 

Indian tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization not identified in this notice 

that wish to request transfer of control 

of these human remains should submit 

a written request to the Kerr County 

Attorney’s Office. If no additional 

requestors come forward, transfer of 

control of the human remains to the 

lineal descendants, or Indian tribes, or 

Native Hawaiian organizations stated in 

this notice may proceed. 

DATES: Lineal descendants or 

representatives of any Indian tribe or 

Native Hawaiian organization not 

identified in this notice that wish to 

request transfer of control of these 

human remains should submit a written 

request with information in support of 

the request to the Kerr County 

Attorney’s Office at the address in this 

notice by March 30, 2015. 

ADDRESSES: Heather Stebbins, Kerr 

County Attorney, 700 Main Street, Suite 

BA–103, Kerrville, TX 78028, telephone 

(830) 792–2220, email cmc@

co.kerr.tx.us. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is 

here given in accordance with the 

Native American Graves Protection and 

Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 

3003, of the completion of an inventory 

of human remains under the control of 

the County of Kerr, Kerr County 

Attorney’s Office, Kerrville, TX. The 

human remains were removed from Kerr 

County, TX. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in 

this notice are the sole responsibility of 

the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the Native 

American human remains. The National 

Park Service is not responsible for the 

determinations in this notice. 


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