# Final **Information Collection Request for**  **Disinfectants/Dis infection**  **By products, Chemical,**  **and Radionuclides Rule Collection Request for**  **the**

**infection By**  **products, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rule** i TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 ID ENTIFICATION OF THE INFORMATION COLLECTION

................................ ............. 1 1(a) Title and Number of the Information Collection

................................ ............................ 1 1(b) Short Characterization

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 1 2 NEED FOR AND USE OF THE COLLECTION

................................ ................................ .... 3 2(a) Need/Authorit y for the Collection

................................ ................................ .................. 3 2(b) Uses/Users of the Data

................................ ................................ ................................ ... 8 2(b)(i) Uses of the Data

................................ ................................ ................................ 8 2(b)(ii) Users of the Data

................................ ................................ ............................. 10 3 N ON

- DUPLICATION, CONSUL TAT IONS, AND OTHER COLLECTION CRI TERIA

.. 11 3(a) Non

- duplication

................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 11 3(b) Public Notice Required Prior to I CR Submission to OMB

................................ .......... 11 3(c) Consultations

................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 11 3(d) Effects of Less Frequent Collection

................................ ................................ .............. 14 3(e) General Guidelines

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 14 3(f) Co nfidentiality

................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 14 3(g) Sensitive Questions

................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 14 4 RESPONDENTS AND INFORMATION REQUESTED

................................ ..................... 15 4(a) Respondents/NAI CS Codes

................................ ................................ .......................... 15 4(b) In formation Requested

................................ ................................ ................................ .. 15 4(b)(i) Data Items

................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 15 4(b)(ii) Respondent Activities

................................ ................................ ...................... 43 5 IN FORMAT ION COLLECTED

— AGENCY ACTIVI TI ES, COLLECTION METHODOLOGY, AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT

................................ ............ 56 5(a) Agency

Activities

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 56 5(b) Collection Methodology and Management

................................ ................................ ... 57 5(c) Small Entity

Flexibility

................................ ................................ ................................ . 58 5(d) Collection Schedule

................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 60 6 ESTIMATING BURDEN AND COST OF COLLECTION

................................ .................. 62 6(a) Respondent Burden

................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 63 6(a)(i) Burden to Public Water Sy stems

................................ ................................ ..... 63 6(a)(ii) Burden to Primacy Agencies

................................ ................................ ........... 66 6(b) Respondent Costs

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 68 6(b)(i) Cost to Public Water Sy stems

................................ ................................ .......... 68 6(b)(ii) Cost to Primacy

Agencies

................................ ................................ ............... 68 6(c) Agency

Burden and Costs

................................ ................................ ............................. 70 6(d) Estimating Respondent Universe and Total Burden and Costs

................................ .... 70 6(e) Bottom L ine Burden Hours and Costs

................................ ................................ .......... 71 6(f) Reasons for Change in Burden

................................ ................................ ..................... 72 6(f)(i) Restructuring Adjustments

................................ ................................ ................ 73 6(f)(ii) Other Burden Adjustments

................................ ................................ ............... 74 6(g) Burden Statement

................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 77ii LIST OF EXHIBITS Exhibit 1: Structure of OGWDW I CRs

................................ ................................ ......................... 6 Exhibit 2: PWS Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements

................................ ................... 16 Exhibit 3: Primacy

Agency Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements

................................ .. 21 Exhibit 4 : Regulated Organic Compounds and Inorganic Chemicals

................................ ......... 50 Exhibit 5 : EPA Requirement s
................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 57 Exhibit 6 : Collection Schedule

................................ ................................ ................................ .... 61 Exhibit 7 : Annual PWS Burden and Cost J anuary 1, 20 12

– December 3 1 , 201 4

...................... 69 Exhibit 8 : Annual Primacy Agency Burden and Cost January 1, 20 12

– December 31 , 20 14

... 70 Exhibit 9 : Bottom L ine Annual Burden and Cost J anuary 1, 20 12

– December 3 1 , 201 4

.......... 72 Exhibit 10 : Summary

of Changes in Annual Burden (Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)

................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 73 Exhibit 11 : Restructuring Adjustments to the Annual Burden Inventory for the

DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR(Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)

.. 74 Exhibit 12 : Adjustments to PWS Burden from Previous I CR Estimates

................................ .... 75 Exhibit 13 : Adjustments to Primacy Agency Burden from Previous ICR Estimates

.................. 76 Exhibit 14 : Adjustments to Annual Burden Carried Forward from Previous I CR Estimates

(Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)

................................ .................. 77iii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Structure of OGWDW ICRs............................................................... 5iv APPENDI CES Appendix A. Federal Register Notices Soliciting Comment on Information Collection Requests Appendix B. Stage 1 Disinfectants/Disinfection By products Rul e Spreadsheets Appendix C. Stage 2 Disinfectants/Disinfection By products Rule Spreadsheets Appendix D. Chemical Phase Regulation Spreadsheets Appendix E. Radionuclides Rule Spreadsheets Appendix F. Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the Surface

Water Treatment Rule Spreadsheets Appendix G. Arsenic Rule Spreadsheets Appendix H. Lead and Copper Rule Spreadsheetsv ACRONYMS
AMWA Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies AWWA American Water Works Association ASDWA Association of State Drinking Water Administrators BATs Best Available Technologies BL S Bureau of Labor Statistics CCR Consumer Confidence Report CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CFR Code of Federal Regulations CT Contact Time CCT Corrosion Control Treatment CWS Community Water S ys tem CWSS Community Water S ys tem Survey DBP Disinfection By product DBPR Disinfectants and Disinfection By products Rule DDBP/Chem/Rads Disinf ectants and Disinfection By products, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules DWSRF Drinking Water State Revolving Fund EA Economic Anal ys is EPA Environmental Protection Agency FR Federal Register GWR Ground Water Rule HAA5 Haloacetic Acids ICR In f ormation Collection Request IDSE Initial D istribution S ys tem E valuation IESWTR Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule IOCs Inorganic Compounds LCR Lead and Copper Rule LCRMR Lead and Copper Rule Minor Revisions LS L Lead Service Line L SL R Lead Service Line Replacement LT1ESWTR Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule LT2ESWTR Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule MCL Maximum Contaminant Level MCL G Maximum Contaminant Level Goal MDL Method Detection Limit MRDL Maximum Residual Disinfection Level mrem Millirem NAI CS North American Industry Classification Sy stem NDWAC National Drinking Water Advisory Council NPDWRs National Primary Drinking Water Regulations NTNCWS Nontransient Noncommunity Water Sy stem OECA Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance OGWDW Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water O&M Operation and Maintenancevi

OMB Office of Management and Budget pCi/L PicoCuries per liter PN Public Notification PRA Paperwork Reduc tion Act PWS Public Water System PWSS Public Water System Supervision RegNeg Regulatory Negotiation RFA Regulatory Flexibility

Analy sis SBREFA Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act SDWI S Safe Drinking W ater Information Sy stem SMF Standardized Monitoring Framework SNC Significant Non

- Compliance SOCs Sy

nthetic Organic Compounds SWAP Source Water Assessment Program SWTR Surface Water Treatment Rule TCR Total Coliform Rule TOC Total Organic Car bon TNCWS Transient Noncommunity Water S ys tem TTHM Total Trihalomethane UCMR Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule UI C Underground Injection Program VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds WQP Water Quality ParameterDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

1 

### 1 **IDENTIFICATION OF THE INFORMATION COLLECTION**  **1(a) Title and Number of the Information Collection**  Title: Disinfectants/Disinfection By products, Chemical and Radionuclides (Renewal) OMB Control Number: 2040

- 0204 EPA Tracking Number: 1896.0 9 **1(b) Short Characteri** **zation** The Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water (OGWDW) in the Office of Water at the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or the Agency) is responsible for managing the Public Water Sy stem Supervision (PWSS) Program, a national program mandated by the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). Section 1412 of the SDWA requires EPA to establish National Primary

Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs) for contaminants that may adversel y impact human health. The Act further requires EPA to monitor and enforce these regulations to ensure that the nation’s drinking water dependabl y complies with the maximum contaminant levels (MCL s) or maximum residual disinfectant levels (MRDLs), as stipulated in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), 40 CFR Part 141, S ubpart B. Section 1445 of the SDWA stipulates that every drinking water supplier must conduct monitoring, maintain records, and provide such information as is needed for EPA to implement its monitoring and enforcement responsibilities with respect to the Act. State 1 governments

—in those States that have assumed primary enforcement responsibility (i.e., primacy) for public water s ys tems (PWSs) under the SDWA Section 1413

— ensure that PWSs are compl yi ng with these monitoring requirements. As part of the PWSS Program, the OGWDW uses the Safe Drinking Water Information Sy stem (SDWI S) to record some of the data collected as a result of NPDWR requirements. SDWI S is a database management s ys tem that assists EPA in tracking and interpreting monitoring data and other program

- related data. These data assist EPA in fulfilling its SDWA obligations. This Information Collection Request (ICR) was prepared in accordance with the April 2005 version of EPA’s Guide to Writing Information Collection Requests Under the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA) of 1995 (or “ICR Handbook”) prepared b y EPA’s Office of Environmental In formation, Office of In formation Collection, Collection Strategies Division. The ICR Handbook provides the most current instructions for ICR preparation to ensure compliance with the 1995 PRA amendments and the Office of Management and Budget’s (OMB’s) implementing guidelines.

1 Throughout this document, the terms “State” or “States” are used to refer to all types of primacy agencies. There are currently 57 primacy entities, including the 50 St ates, the District of Columbia, U.S. territories (Puerto Rico, U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and Northern Marianas), and the Navajo Nation. Though Wyoming and the District of Columbia do not have primacy, the EPA burden for these activities c ounts as primacy agency burden.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

2 Many information collection r equirements associated with SDWA and its implementing regulations are associated with rulemakings that address specific contaminants or groups of contaminants. This I CR examines PWS, primacy agency , and EPA burden and cost for chemical regulations only . Microbial contaminants , such as those regulated under the Total Coliform Rule (TCR), are addressed in the Microbial Rules ICR (OMB No. 2040

- 0205). Cross

- cutting recordkeeping and reporting requirements

—i.e., the burden and cost for complying with drinking water information req

uirements that are not associated with contaminant

- specific rulemakings

— are addressed in the PWSS Program ICR (OMB No. 2040

- 0090). Future chemical

- related rulemaking burden will be added to this I CR after the regulations are finalized and the initial, rul e - specific, ICRs have expired. The specific chemical regulations addressed in this I CR include the following

— 1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection By products Rule (Stage 1 DBPR) 2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection By products Rule (Stage 2 DBPR) 3) Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II/IIB/V) 4) Radionuclides Rule 5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) 2 6) Arsenic Rule 7) Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) , including the Lead and Copper Rule Short Term Revis ions This I CR estimates burden and costs for January 1, 2012

–December 31, 2014

. The total annual burden associated with this I CR is estimated to be 5,734,335 hours per ye ar. The total annual cost associated with this I CR is estimated to be approximately $ 4 3 6 million. The distribution of annual burden between PWSs and primacy agencies is approximately 3,787,528 hours and 1,946,807 hours, respectively (numbers may not add due to rounding) . The distribution of annual costs between PWSs and primacy age ncies is approximately

$ 3 5 0 million and $ 8 5 million, respectively

. There is no Agency burden or cost

. Section 6 and Appendices B through H provide details of all burden and cost estimates. The approximate annual operation and maintenance (O&M) and ca pital costs are $ 2 3 0 million ($ 2 2 5 million for O&M and $ 5.0 million for capital). This represents the “cost burden” as reported in the OMB inventory

. The total annual number of respondents for this I CR is 153,036 . Fifty

- seven of these respondents are primacy

agencies and the remaining 152,979 respondents are existing PWSs. The total annual number of responses for these respondents is 12,837,827 ( 11,899,451 for PWSs and 938,376 for primacy

agencies).

2 Includes only the SWTR components relating to disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities. All remaining SWTR requirements are included in the Microbial Rules ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

3 

### 2 **NEED FOR AND US E OF THE COLLECTION**  **2(a) Need/Authority for the Collection**  This section identifies the regulatory or statutory

authority for the information collection activities covered in this ICR and explains EPA’s need for the information. A summary of the major ty pes of recordkeeping and reporting requirements for chemical contaminants covered by this I CR is provided in Section 4 of this I CR

. To allow the public to better understand the impact of the recordkeeping and reporting requirements stemming from the SDWA and 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142, OGWDW has organized its I CRs so that related activities are addressed in the same IC R. Specificall y, there are three primary

I CRs

—the Microbial Rules I CR, the Disinfectants/Disinfection By products, Chemical and Radionuc lides Rules (DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules) I CR, and the Public Water Sy stems Supervision Program (PWSS Program) ICR. The Microbial Rules I CR includes rules addressing microbial contaminants, such as the Total Coliform Rule (TCR), Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWT R), and the Ground Water Rule ( GWR). The PWSS Program I CR includes public notification and rules and programs addressing cross

- cutting requirements that are not contaminant

- specific. The DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR includes rules addressing chemical contami nants. The specific chemical regulati ons addressed in this I CR are

— 1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection By products Rule (Stage 1 DBPR) 2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection By products Rule (Stage 2 DBPR) 3) Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II/IIB/V) 4) Radionuclides Rule 5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) 3 6) Arsenic Rule 7) Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) , including the Lead and Copper Rule Short Term Revisions As EPA publishes new regulations, EPA will amend the appropriate ICR to include the new rules. For a graphical depiction of the structure of the OGWDW I CRs, see Figure 1. A complete itemization of the activities included in the three primary I CRs, as w ell as other drinking water program ICRs, is included as Exhibit 1. The 1986 Amendments to SDWA require d the Agency to publish maximum contaminant level goals (MCLGs) and promulgate NPDWRs for 83 specific contaminants. Promulgation of the chemical

- relat ed rules contained in this I CR complies with the statutory requirements for some of these contaminants. Promulgation of the Stage 1 and Stage 2 DBPR s and the Arsenic Rule complies with the amended (1996) statutory requirements for these contaminants.

3 Includes only SWTR components relating t o disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities. All remaining SWTR requirements are included in the Microbial Rules ICR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

4 In addition, the 1986 SDWA Amendments require d the EPA to propose and promulgate a NPDWR specifying criteria under which filtration would be required as a treatment technique for public water s ys tems supplied by surface water sources (Section 1412 (b)(7)(C) (i)). Promulgation of the SWTR satisfied this SDWA requirement. The SWTR includes disinfection residual monitoring requirements that are addressed in this I CR. The information collected under this I CR is required by EPA to carry

out its monitoring and e nforcement responsibilities under SDWA. Without comprehensive, up

- to

- date information on chemical contaminants present in drinking water, the Agency would not be able to meet the SDWA statutory

requirements. § 1401 of the SDWA requires that

— there must be criteria and standards to assure a supply of drinking water which dependably complies with such maximum contaminant levels; including quality control and testing procedures to insure compliance with such levels and to insure proper operation and mainten ance of the system... Further, §1445 of the SDWA requires that

— every person who is a supplier of water shall establish and maintain such records, make such reports, conduct such monitoring, and provide such information as the Administrator may reasonab ly require by regulation to assist him in establishing regulations, in determining whether such person has acted or is in compliance with this title... In addition, §1401(1)(d) of the SDWA 1986 Amendments defines NPDWRs to include “criteria and procedure s to assure a suppl y of drinking water which dependably complies with such maximum contaminant levels; including accepted methods for quality control and testing procedures ...” This section authorizes EPA to require systems and laboratories to use Agency

approved methods and quality assurance criteria for collecting and anal yz ing water samples.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

5Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

6 **Exhibit 1 Structure of OGWDW ICRs** 
**Currently covered**  **To be covered in the future PWSS Program ICR**  **(2040 -**  **0090)** Consumer Confidence Reports (CCRs) Variances & Exemptions Capacity Development Program General State Primacy Activities Public Notification (PN) Operator Certification Expense Reimbursement Grants Program Tribal Operator Certification Constructed Conveyances Proficienc y T esting **Microbial Rules ICR (2040**  **- 0205)**  Surface Wa ter Treatment Rule, except disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities 4 Aircraft Drinking W ater Rule 5 Total Coliform Rule Revised Total Coliform Rule Interim Enhanced Surface W ater Treatm ent Rule (IESW TR) Filter Backwash Recycling Rule Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Wa ter Treatment Rule (LT1ESW TR) Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Wa ter Treatment Rule (LT2ESW TR) Ground W ater Rule **Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR (2040**  **- 0204)**  Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and associated activities under the S WT R Stage 2 DBPR Chemical Phase Rules Radionuclides Rule Arsenic Rule Lead and Copper Rule **Source Water A ssessment Program (SW**  **AP) ICR (2040 -**  **0197)** SW AP **Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program ICR (2040 -**  **0042)** UIC Base Program Activities Class VI Geologic Sequestration Rule Class V Rule Florida Class I Rule

4 Disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities are included in the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. 5 Burden and Costs from the ADWR ICR will be incorporated into the 2012 Microbial Rules ICR, which will be updated under a subsequent Work Assignment.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

7 **Currently covered**  **To be covered in the future Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (DWSRF) Program ICR (2040**  **- 0185)**  Drinking W ater State Revolving Fund Program **Drinking Water Infrastructure Needs Survey ICR (2040**  **- 02**  **74 )**  2011 Needs Survey **Title VI of the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response A ct of 2002:**  **Drinking Water Security and Safety ICR (2040 -**  **0253)** Vulnerability Assessments and Emergency Response Plans for community water systems (C WS s). **Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule ICR**  **(2040 -**  **0270)** Monitoring of Unregulated Contaminants **Laboratory Quality A ssurance Evalu**  **a tion Program for A**  **nalysis of Cryptosporid i**  **um ICR (2040**  **- 0246)**  Proficienc y T esting Program for Laboratories Analyzing Cryptosporidium Samples To implement its compliance oversight and enforcement responsibilities under the SDWA, EPA requires PWSs to monitor for various drinking water contaminants. The results of this monitoring must be reported to primacy agencies, which in turn report a specified subset of this information in SDWIS. Additionally , both PWSs and primacy agencies must maintain records of anal yt ic results and other related activities (e.g., sanitary survey results). Wi thout comprehensive, up

- to

- date information on drinking water contamination (as provided by SDWI S), EPA would not be able to ensure a supply of drinking water that dependabl y complies with such maximum contaminant levels. If these monitoring requirements were voluntary , EPA would not receive timel y, comprehensive data on contaminant levels and associated acute and long

- term public health risks. Specifically , voluntary monitoring would not

—

 Reliably

occur with sufficient frequency

.
 Follow uniform nationa l standards on quality of sampling, collection, and anal ys is.

 Ensure that monitoring addresses all contaminants listed in the regulations. Thus, without this information collection, EPA would not be able to ensure safe drinking water for the nation. Additionally , EPA uses SDWI S data to estimate the costs of new regulations and to conduct economic and policy anal ys es that promote cost

- effective regulatory approaches. These uses are discussed in more detail in Section 2(b) below. Section 4 of the I CR contains a summary of the major ty

pes of chemical contaminant recordkeeping and reporting requirements, as mandated b y 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142. Specificall y, most reporting required b y PWSs can be found in §§141.31, 141.34, and 141.35.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

8 Most recordkeepin g requirements for PWSs are codified in §141.33, which requires that the results of chemical anal yses be kept for a period of at least 10 ye ars. Reporting and recordkeeping required by States can be found in §§142.15 and 142.14, respectivel y.
**2(b) Use s/Users of the Data**  **2(b)(i) Uses of the Data** Primary users of the data collected under this I CR are EPA, PWS managers, and primacy agencies, which include State regulators, Indian Tribes, and, in some instances, EPA Regional Administrators. This secti on contains more information about how chemical

- related data are used specifically

for analy tical monitoring, regulatory enforcement, oversight of State programs, implementation assistance, economic and policy analy ses, and other Agency and public data eva luations. Each of these functions is discussed in greater detail below. **Analytical Monitoring** PWSs maintain records on the anal yt ical results of monitoring and use these data to

—

 Evaluate the quality of water delivered to customers.

 Examine treatment efficacy

.
 Determine compliance with national standards.

 Modify

monitoring frequencies, schedules, and variances to address potential health risks.

 Alert the public, through notices in the mass media or water bills, when the sy stem is not in compliance with Federal and State regulations so that they may take actions to minimize exposure to potentially harmful drinking water contaminants. 6 Quarterl y and annual reports that primacy agencies must submit to EPA include PWS information , enfo rcement information and anal yt ical results for certain violation s of the NPDWRs . This reporting is required to establish primacy and maintain eligibility

for grants. All of this information is stored in SDWI S, which supports overall maintenance and retri eval of information. **Regulatory Enforcement** Using SDWI S, sy stem

- level compliance data may be compared from year to year and trends in compliance data can be evaluated at the sy stem, State, and national program levels. Primacy agencies are responsibl e for enforcement activities and can use SDWI S data to track compliance progress in their jurisdictions , to identify enforcement targets and sy stems requiring remedial action, and to monitor progress of capacity development strategies. The primacy agency must also track enforcement actions issued against each PWS not in compliance with

6 The burden associated with implementing the public notification requirements is currently addressed in the PWSS Program ICR (OMB No. 2040

- 0090)

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

9 drinking water standards and evaluate the s ys tem’s status in meeting schedules designed to return the PWS to compliance. On a quarterl y basis, EPA uses the Enforcement Tr acking Tool (ETT) to generate a list of PWSs that are considered “priority s ys tems” for enforcement

. Together the Enforcement Response Policy

(ERP) and ETT will prioritize and direct enforcement response to sy stems with the most sy stemic noncompliance by considering all violations incurred by a sy stem in a comprehensive way . The policy and tool identify priority s ys tems for enforcement response, provide a model to escalate responses to violations; define timely and appropriate actions; and clarify what co nstitutes a formal action. If a State has failed to take timely and appropriate action, EPA may

become directly

involved in enforcement by issuing an administrative order. If the sy stem does not comply with the order, EPA may seek an administrative pen alt y or court action. EPA may

also take action against a PWS before it is in SNC.

**Oversight of State Programs** State reporting is a condition for maintaining primacy . Primacy agencies play

a crucial role in implementing the SDWA, and EPA is charged with overseeing the performance of these States. Generally , EPA Regional Offices perform this duty and use SDWI S data to develop summary statistics on individual State performance.

**Implementation Assistance**
EPA and primacy

agencies also use the data collected to assist small sy stems in implementing SDWA requirements, including developing variances and exemptions and evaluating PWS capacity. If a PWS is unable to meet standard requirements due to source water quality or affordability

concerns, a variance or exemption may be issued to allow the sy stem to comply with slightl y different drinking water standards or implementation schedules that are still protective of public health. Capacity development is a State effort to help all drinking water sy stems, particularl y small systems, improve their finances, management, infrastructure, and operations. This helps ensure that safe drinking water is provided, consistently , reliably , and cost

- effectivel y.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

10 **Economic and Policy Analyses**
SDWI S data are u sed extensively in developing economic anal ys es (EAs) of proposed new regulations or revisions of existing regulations. The data help to determine a system’s susceptibility

and vulnerability

to contaminants, as well as the potential for co

- occurrence of c ontaminants. Data are also used by OGWDW to conduct anal ys es used in developing new policies, regulations, and guidance documents. When anal yz ing economic or financial impacts on the water suppl y industry or consumers, EPA uses compliance data from SDWI S , together with other national survey data, to estimate the number of s ys tems that would have to install treatment technologies or apply contamination reduction measures to reduce public health risks. Without such data, EPA would be unable to predict cost s and benefits that sy stems would incur under new or revised regulations.
**2(b)(ii) Users of the Data** The information collected by EPA is made available to the public upon request, as required b y the Freedom of Information Act (40 CFR, Chapter 1, Part 2). In some cases, the SDWA requires that the information be provided to the public or primacy agency . O ther organizations that utilize the data include

—

 Staff from other EPA programs (such as Superfund, the Resource Conservation and Recovery

Act, and the OECA)

 The Federal Emergency Management Administration

 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

 Military

bases

 Farmers Home Administration

 Department of Interior

 Department of Housing and Urban Development

 U.S. Army

Corps of Engineers

 White House Task Forces

 American Water Works Association (AWWA)

 Association of Metropolitan Water Agencies (AMWA)

 National Rural Water Association

 National Association of Water Companies

 Association of State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA)

 Natural Resources Defense CouncilDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

11 

### 3 **NON**
**- DUPLICATION, CONSULTATIONS, AND OTHER**  **COLLECTION CRITERIA 3(a)**  **Non**
**- duplication**  EPA has made an effort to ensure that the data collection efforts associated with this I CR are not duplicated. EPA has consulted State environmental programs, other Federal agencies (such as CDC), and regulated entities (such as PWSs and their representative trade associations). To the best of EPA's knowledge, data currently required by

the SDWA (and its implementing regulations codified at 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142) are not available from any other source. **3(b) Public Notice Required Prior to ICR**  **Submission to OMB** To comply

with the 1995 Amendments to the PRA, EPA solicited public comment on this I CR for a 60

- day

period before it was submitted to OMB. Specificall y, on July 5, 2011 EPA published a notice in the Federal Register ( FR) requesting c omment on the estimated respondent burden and other aspects of this I CR ( 7 6 FR 39092 , see Appendix A). EPA did not receive an y comments during the 60

- day comment period. An additional FR notice will be published prior to submission of this I CR to OMB. Th e public comment period for this additional notice is 30 day s. **3(c) Consultations**  As a standard regulatory

development practice to promote public involvement, EPA formally solicits public comment on proposed drinking water rules. Before any rule is fi nalized, EPA logs and evaluates all written comments on proposed rules. Additionally , EPA usually holds public meetings during which an y interested party may provide oral testimony

for Agency consideration. Such meetings are ty picall y announced in the FR notice accompanying the proposed rule. In the initial phases of program development, or to confirm assumptions on which rules or guidelines are based, EPA often augments formal meetings with other workshops or meetings to gather information. Throughout the development and implementation of various chemical regulations, OGWDW held numerous meetings with interested stakeholders, including State, EPA Regional, and PWS representatives, to identify the value and ease of collecting information needed to fulfi ll SDWA obligations. Specific examples of meetings EPA held to address the chemical regulations contained in this I CR include

—Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

12  Consultations held for Chemical Phase Regulations, including

—

 July 12, 1989, meeting in Washington, DC for the Phase II and IIB Rules.

 September 25, 1990, meeting in Wash ington, DC for the Phase V Rule.

 A Radionuclides s takeholder m eeting on December 11

- 12, 1997. EPA consulted with a broad range of stakeholders and technical experts during the meeting and discussed a range o f regulation development issues, including st atutory requirements, the court

- stipulated agreement, MCLs for each of the radionuclides, new scientific information on health effects, occurrence, anal yt ical methods, treatment technologies, and the current and proposed monitoring framework. Participants in EPA’s stakeholder meeting included representatives from AMWA , ASDWA , AWWA , National Association of Water Companies, State s , Federal agencies, environmental groups, and city water s ystems.

 To develop the Stage 1 DBPR, EPA instituted a formal regulatory negotiation (RegNeg) process in 1992 with potentially affected parties (57 FR 53866; Nov 13, 1992). This RegNeg Committee included representatives from the water and other industries, State public health and regulatory agencies, environmental groups, consumer groups, and EPA.

 Development of the 2001 Revised Arsenic Rule included stakeholder meetings, held with the intent of collecting input from those directly affected by

the revisions to the arsenic MCLan d to the monitoring requirements. The Agency held four meetings to discuss revisions to the proposed arsenic rule:

 September 11

- 12, 1997

- Washington, DC;

 February

25, 1998

- San Antonio, Texas, following a 2

- day AWWA workshop on inorganics;

 May 5, 1998

- Monterey , California; and

 June 2

- 3, 1999

- Washington, DC (including a half

- day conference call)

 In developing the final version of the 1991 LCR, EPA consulted with the National Drinking Water Advisory Council (NDWAC ) and requested comments from its Sci ence Advisory

Board. The monitoring requirements of the L CR reflect comments made b y the drinking water industry. In addition, during the comment period for the 1991 LCR, approximately 28,000 comments were received from approximately

3,000 individuals an d organizations.

 More recentl y, EPA developed the Lead and Copper Rule Minor Revisions (L CRMR) (promulgated in January 2000) and held the following meetings, consultations, and work group discussions to address these modifications:Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

13  The L CRMR workgroup (comprised of EPA Headquarters and Regional staff as well as State drinking water officials) was established in 1993 and held several discussions throughout development of the L CRMR.

 Several EPA

- sponsored stakeholder meetings were held to discuss burden r eduction efforts and development of the L CRMR.

 OGWDW 's Data Sharing Committee worked with several States and ASDWA to revise primacy agency reporting requirements based on comments received on the April 1996 proposed changes.

 In 1998, prior to publishing additional notices for comment, EPA provided national, local, and tribal organizations with brief articles for inclusion in their newsletters. These articles announced EPA’s plans to publish the notices and encouraged readers to provide comment on the ad ditional regulatory

options, which would be described in those notices.

 EPA coordinated closel y with States and several national organizations to provide copies of the August 18, 1998, proposed rule directl y to water sy stems most likely

to be affected b y the regulatory options discussed in the notice. This included all water s ys tems serving more than 50,000 people and an y smaller water s ys tem likely to continue to exceed an action level after the installation of corrosion control treatment.

 During Febr

uary 1999, EPA consulted with a State Unfunded Mandates Reform Act panel regarding the revised ICR burden and cost estimates for the L CR and LCRMR and assumptions used to derive these estimates.

 In 2007, EPA promulgated short term changes to the Lead and Copper Rule , identified through a comprehensive national review of compliance and implementation of the LCR. In conducting this review, EPA consulted with a wide range of interested parties. The comprehensive review consisted of several elements, includin g a series of workshops designed to elicit issues, comments, and suggestions from stakeholders on particular topics, and a review of LCR implementation by

States and utilities.

 The Stage 2 DBPR is the result of a length y regulatory negotiation process th at began in the Spring of 1999. To address the public health concerns necessitating promulgation of the Stage 2 DBPR, EPA explored a number of regulatory alternatives with the M

- DBP Advisory Committee, an advisory

group to EPA, which was convened under th e FACA. As part of the revision of the DDBP/Chems/Rads ICR, in the summer of 2011 EPA consulted with representatives of PWSs and States regarding the accuracy of EPA’s burden estimates. EPA compiled a spreadsheet with burden estimates for each activity for each rule and provided the file to AWWA, A MWA, ASDWA, NAWC, and NRWA. AWWA, AMWA, and ASDWA in turn consulted a small sample of their members for feedback on the estimates. ASDWA, AMWA, NAWC, and AWWA submitted revised burden estimates. In general, ASD WA felt that EPA’s estimates were reasonable. AMWA felt that in some cases EPA underestimated the amount of time large s ys tems needed to for monitoring activities. ASDWADisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

14 felt that in a few cases, EPA slightly underestimated the amount of time States needed to review reports submitted by

s ys tems. For information collection requirements for which comments were received, EPA compiled the suggested estimates and p repared revised burden estimates. The e nd of each appendix to this I CR contains a table summarizing the original and revised burden estimates. Since the regulations covered b y this ICR are not new, the typical consultations, workshops, and meetings held for proposed rules were not held immediately prior to the development of this document. **3(d) Effects of Less Frequent Collection**  EPA has considered a wide range of alternatives for frequency of data collection. EPA has chosen to require the least frequent collection that remains consistent with the overall goal of protecting public heal th. If data are collected less frequentl y, primacy agencies may

not identify in a timely

fashion significant contaminant concentrations that might threaten the health and safet y of drinking water consumers. For some rules, the primacy agency has discret ion in adjusting monitoring schedules, where possible (e.g. b y granting waivers or reducing the monitoring frequency /sites ). Monitoring frequencies have been carefull y devised based on the following

—

 Ty pe of contaminant.

 Ty pe and size of s ys tem.

 Sy stem vulnerabilit y.

 Contaminant history

.
 Factors contributing to DBP formation (Stage 1 DBPR only). **3(e) General Guidelines**  This I CR was prepared in accordance with the November 2005 version of the I CR Handbook prepared b y EPA’s Office of Environmental Information , Office of Information Collection, Collection Strategies Division. The ICR Handbook provides the most current instructions for I CR preparation to ensure compliance with the 1995 PRA amendments and OMB’s implementing guidelines. **3(f) Confidentiality**  No confidential information will be collected as a result of this I CR. **3(g) Sensitive Questions**  No information of a sensitive nature will be collected as a result of this IC R.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

15 

### 4 **RESPONDENTS AND INFORMATION REQUESTED 4(a)**  **Respondents/NAICS Codes** Data associated with this ICR are collected and maintained at the PWS, State, and Federal levels. Respondents include

—

 Owners/operators of PWSs, who must report to their prim acy agency
.
 Primacy

agencies , which include States, Tribes (if they have been authorized to act as primacy

agencies), and EPA Regions that act as primacy agencies in Indian lands and States that do not have primacy

. The North American Industry Classification S ys tem (NAICS) code for PWSs is 22131. The NAICS code s for State agencies that include drinking water programs are 92411 (Administration of Air and Water Resources and Solid Waste Management Programs) or 92312 (Administration of Public Health Program s). Ancillary s ys tems (i.e., those that supplement the function of other establishments like factories, power plants, mobile home parks, etc.) cannot be categorized in a single NAI CS code. For ancillary sy stems, the NAI CS code is that of the primary esta blishment or industry

. **4(b) Information Requested**  **4(b)(i) Data Items** The data items that respondents will collect in implementing their responsibilities under the chemical

- related drinking water regulations included in this I CR are summarized below. Each PWS is required to report to its primacy agency monitoring results received from laboratories. In addition, as required b y §141.33, PWSs must either maintain analy tical reports or transfer the following information regarding sample results to a tab ular summary

—

 Date, place, and time of sampling.

 Name of the person who collected the sample.

 Id entification of the sample as a routine distribution sy stem sample, check sample, raw or process water sample, or other special purpose sample.

 Date of anal y sis.

 Laboratory

and person responsible for performing anal ys is.

 Contaminants for which the anal ys is was performed.

 Analy tical technique/method used.

 Results of the anal ys is. PWSs are required to submit and keep records on additional information such as public education on lead, monitoring plans, waiver applications, and disinfection calculations. Exhibit 2 further describ e s the respondent information collection requirements covered by the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

16 **Exhibit 2**  **PWS Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements** 
**Requirement Regulatory Citation**  **Frequency/ Retention Period General Requirements (apply to all regulations)**  **Reporting** Except where a different period is specified in an individual drinking water regulation, P WS s are required to submit the following to the State: Results of any test measurement or analysis required in 40 CFR Part 141. 40 CFR 141.31(a) At the end of the required mo nitoring period Failure to comply with any NPDW R, including failure to mo nitor. 40 CFR 141.31( b) and (c) As necessary, unless State lab performs analysis and reports results to State Copies of records required to be ma intained under 141.33 and/or copies of documents that the State is entitled to under Section 1445 of SDW A or State law. 40 CFR 141.31(e) As requested
**Recordkeeping** Except where a different period is specified in an individual drinking water regulation, P WS s are required to retain the following information: Records of bacteriological or chemical analyses and related information

. 40 CFR 141.33(a) 5 years for bacteriological data; 10 years for chemical data Records of actions taken by the PW S to correct violations of NPDW Rs. 40 CFR 141.33(b) 3 years after last action taken related to the violation Copies of any written reports, summaries, or communications relating to sanitary surveys 40 CFR 141.33(c) 10 years Records concerning a variance or exemption granted. 40 CFR 141.33(d) 5 years following the expiration of the variance or exemption **Stage 1 DBPR Reporting**  Report to the State specified sam pling information (including MCL or MRDL exceedances) about disinfectants, disinfection by products, and disinfection by product precursors. 40 CFR 141.134(a) through (d) Quarterly or as necessary for systems sampling less frequently than quarterly Develop and submit application to State for approval of alternative minimum total organic carbon ( TOC ) rem oval levels. 40 CFR 141.135(b)( 3)and (4) As necessary Develop and submit application to State for approval of waiver of enhanced coagulation requirements. 40 CFR 141.135(b)(4)(v) One time **Stage 2 DBPR Reporting** Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

17 **Requirement Regulatory Citation**  **Frequency/ Retention Period Recordkeeping**  Records of Initial Distribution System Evaluation ( IDSE ) Report s 40 CFR 141.601(c)(4) Ten years Results of operational evaluations to be discussed with States 40 CFR 141.626 Ten years **Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II, IIB, and V) Reporting**  Apply to State for asbestos mo nitoring waiver. 40 CFR 141.23(b)(2) and (4) Every 3 years, if applicable Apply to State for inorganic com pound ( IOC ) mo nitoring waiver. 40 CFR 141.23(c)(2) and (3) Every 9 years, if applicable Apply to the State to conduct mo re frequent IOC monitoring. 40 CFR 141.23(h) One time, if applicable Apply to State for VOC mo nitoring waiver. 40 CFR 141.24(f)(7) and (10) Every 6 years or frequency specified by State, if applicable Apply to State for SOC mo nitoring waiver. 40 CFR 141.24(h)(5) and 141.24(h)(7)(iv) Every 3 years, if applicable Notify State of MCL exceedances. 40 CFR 141.23(m) through (o) As necessary Subm it written treatment technique certification to State regarding acrylamide and epichlorohydrin levels. 40 CFR 141.111 Annually, if applicable

**Radionuclides Reporting**  Notify State of MCL exceedances for contaminants specified in 141.66(b)

- (e). 40 CFR 141.26(c)(5) As necessary **SWTR (only disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities) Unfiltered Systems** 
**– Reporting**  Disinfection information specified in 141.74(b) 40 CFR 141.75(a)(2) Wi thin 10 days after the end of each month the system serves water to the public **Filtered Systems -**  **Reporting** Disinfection information specified in 141.74(c) 40 CFR 141.75(b)(2) Wi thin 10 days after the end of each month the system serves water to the public **Arsenic Rule** Subject to general requirements as listed above. **Lead and Copper Rule , Including October 2008 Short Term Revisions**  **Reporting** Report to the State any information required by the treatment provisions in Subpart I (especially 40 CFR 141.90). 40 CFR 141.80(i) As required Tap water and water quality parameters (W QP) m onitoring requirements Wa ter systems that exceed the 40 CFR 141.84(b) & (c) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

18 **Requirement Regulatory Citation**  **Frequency/ Retention Period** lead action level must reevaluate lead service lines classified as “replaced” through testing if they resume lead service line replacement programs. Allows systems with less than 5 taps to take one sample per tap if approved by State. 40 CFR 141.86 (c) 141.80(c)(3)(v) One time Report the specified information for all tap water samples and all WQ P sam ples. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(1) End of the applicable monitoring period Provide written documentation to the State identifying standing tim es and locations for enough non - first

- draw samples to make up its sampling pool under §141.86(b)(5). 40 CFR 141.90(a)(2)(i) As necessa ry

If the State has waived prior approval of non

- first

- draw sample sites selected by the s ys tem, identify, in writing, each site that did not meet the six

- hour mi nim um standing time and the length of standing time for that particular substitute sample. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(2)(ii) As necessary

For a water system deemed to have optimized corrosion control, a water system subject to reduced monitoring, or a water system subject to a monitoring waiver, send written documentation to the State describing any addition of a new source or any change in water treatment. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(3)(iii); As necessary

For a water system, prohibit systems that exceed the lead action level from initiating or remaining on reduced monitoring based solely on results of water qualit y parameter monitoring 40 CFR 141.86 (d)(4)(vi)(B) As necessary

For any small water s ys tem applying for a monitoring waiver, provide documentation to the State demonstrating that it meets the waiver criteria. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(4)(i) As necessary
For each small system desiring to maintain its monitoring waiver, provide written information to the State. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(4)(ii) Every 9 years For each small system with a mo nitoring waiver, provide written notification to the State if the system is n o longer free of 40 CFR 141.90(a)(4)(iii) As necessary, within 60 days after becoming aware of changeDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

19 **Requirement Regulatory Citation**  **Frequency/ Retention Period** lead

- containing or copper

containing materials. For each ground water system that limits WQ P m onitoring to a subset of entr y points, provide written correspondence to the State that identifies selected entry points and includes information sufficient to dem onstrate that the sites are representative of water quality and treatment conditions throughout the system. 40 CFR 141.90(a)(5) One time, as necessa ry

Provide the specified information to the State if the State calculates the 90th percentile concentrations. 40 CFR 141.90(h)(2) End of monitoring period Source water monitoring reporting requirements Report the sampling results for all source water samples collected in accordance with §141.88. 40 CFR 141.90(b)(1) End of monitoring period Specify any

site which was not sam pled during the previous mo nitoring period and explain why the sampling point has changed. 40 CFR 141.90(b)(2) As necessary, end of monitoring period
Corrosion control treatment reporting requirements For systems demonstrating optim iz ed corrosion control, provide the State information dem onstrating that the PW S has conducted activities equivalent to the applicable corrosion control steps. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(2), 141.90(c)(1) One time, as necessary

For systems demonstrating optim iz ed corrosion control, submit results of tap water mo nitoring and source water mo nitoring. 40 CFR 141.81(b) (3) As necessary
For systems deemed to have optim iz ed corrosion control, notify the State in writing prior to any change in treatment or of the addition of a new source. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(3)(iii) 141.86(d)(4)(vii); 141.86(g)(4)(iii); 141.90(a)(3) As necessary

Subm it m onit oring results that show two consecutive monitoring periods that meet both lead and copper action levels. 40 CFR 141.81(c) As necessary Request in writing a modification of optimal corrosion control treatment ( CCT )

. 40 CFR 141.82(h) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

20 **Requirement Regulatory Citation**  **Frequency/ Retention Period** For systems required to evaluate the effectiveness of CCTs, report the information required by §141.82(c). 40 CFR 141.90(c)(3) As necessary For systems required to install optim al corrosion control, submit a letter certifying that the system has complete d installation. 40 CFR 141.90(c)(4) As necessary Source water treatment reporting requirements Provide to the State a recommendation regarding source water treatment. 40 CFR 141.83(a)(1), 40 CFR 141.83(b)(1), 40 CFR 141.90(d)(1) As necessary, within 6 months of exceeding action level Request in writing a modification of source water treatment or ma xim um perm issible lead and copper concentrations. 40 CFR 141.83(b)(6) As necessary For systems required to install source water treatment, submit a letter certifying that the s ys tem has completed installation of the designated treatment. 40 CFR 141.90(d)(2) As necessary, within 24 months after State designates treatment

Public educat ion program reporting requirements Deliver written public education ma terials if a water system exceeds the lead action level based on tap water samples. 40 CFR 141.85(a) & (c) As necessary, timing varies by ty pe of system Broadcast public service announcements if a C WS exceeds the lead action level based on tap water samples. 40 CFR 141.85(b) & (c) As necessary
Wa ter systems that exceed the lead action level must provide information to additional at

- risk populations and must conduct specified public education activities. W ater systems must include a statement on lead in their CCR. W ater systems certify to State that activities have been conducted. 40 CFR 141.85(a) & (b);141.154 As necessary

Apply to the State in writing to alter specified pu blic education language (CW Ss only). 40 CFR 141.85(c)(7) As necessary
W ater systems must provide consumers who occupy homes or buildings that are part of the utilit y’s m onitoring program, with testing results when their drinking water is tested for lead a nd copper. W ater systems certify to State that results have been 40 CFR 141.80(g); 141.85(d); 141.90(f)(3) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

21 **Requirement Regulatory Citation**  **Frequency/ Retention Period** distributed. For any water system that is subject to public education requirements, send written documentation to the State that conta ins specified information. 40 CFR 141.90(f)(1) As necessary; end of each public education period

Primacy agencies review and maintain records on monitoring results. They also approve or review monitoring plans, waivers, treatment changes, public education, and other documents submitted by

PWSs. Inaddition, States report compliance and enforcement data to EPA , and they apply to EPA for primacy

to implement new drinking water re gulations. Reporting and recordkeeping requirements for States are described in more detail in Exhibit 3.
**Exhibit 3 Primacy Agency Recordkeeping and Reporting Requirements**  **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period General Requirements**  **(apply to all regulations) Reporting**  Subm it reports to the Adm inistrator containing new violations by PW S and new enforcement actions by States that occurred during the previous quarter. 40 CFR 142.15(a)(1) and (2) Quarterly

**Recordkeeping** Maintain records of tests, me asuremen ts, analyses, decisions, and determination s performed on each PW S to determine com pliance with applicable 40 CFR 142.14(a) VariesDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

22 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** provisions of State primary drinking water regulations. Retain files, which shall include for each PW S in the State, records of any State approvals and records of any enforcement actions. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(2) and (3) 12 years

**Stage 1 DBPR Reporting**  Review and ma ke determination regarding approval of application for use of alternative mi nim um TOC removal levels. 40 CFR 141.135(b)(1) As necessary

Review and ma ke determination regarding application for approval of waiver of enhanced coagulation requirements

. 40 CFR 141.135(b)(4)(v) One time, as necessary

**Recordkeeping** Records of the currently applicable or mo st recent State determination s, including all supporting information 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12) 12 yearsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

23 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** and an explanation of the technical basis for each decision, ma de under the following provisions of 40 CFR part 141, subpart L for the control of disinfectants and disinfection by products.

Records of systems that are installing granular activated carbon or me mb rane technology. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12)(i) 12 years

Records of systems that are required, by the State, to me et alternative mi nim um TOC removal requirements or for whom the State has determined that the source water is not am enable to enhanced coagulation. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12)(ii)

................................ ................................ ................................ 12 years

Records of subpart H systems using conventional treatment me eting an y 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12)(iii) 12 yearsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

24 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** of the alternative com pliance criteria. A register of qualified operators that have met the State requirements

. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(12)(iv)

................................ ................................ ................................ 12 years

Records of systems with mu ltiple wells considered to be one treatment plant. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(13) 12 years

Monitoring plans for subpart H systems serving more than 3,300 persons. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(14) 12 years

List of laboratories approved for analyses. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(15) 12 years

List of systems required to mo nitor for disinfectants and disinfection by products in accordance with part 141, subpart L. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(16) 12 years

**Stage 2 DBPR Recordkeepi**  **ng** A record of all current mo nitoring requirements and the most recent mo nitoring frequency 40 CFR 142.14(a)(8) In perpetuity, until replaced or revisedDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

25 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** decision pertaining to the contaminant Records of IDSE mo nitoring plans submitted b y PW Ss plus any mo difications , until replaced by approved IDSE reports. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(8)(i) In perpetuity, until replaced or revised

Records of IDSE reports and 40/30 certifications and any mo difications required by the State, unt il replaced or revised. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(8)(ii) In perpetuity, until replaced or revised

Operational evaluations submitted by a system. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(8)(iii) Ten years

**Special Primacy**  **Requiremen ts**  An application for approval of a State program revision that adopts 40 CFR part 141, subpart L, must contain a description of how the State will accomplish the program requirements

. 40 CFR 142.16(h) One timeDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

26 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II, IIB, and V)**  **Reporting** Make determination regarding asbestos waiver requests. 40 CFR 141.23(b)(3) and (4) 3 years, as necessary

Make determination regarding IOC waiver requests. 40 CFR 141.23(c)(2) through (4) 9 years, as necessary

Make determination regarding volatile organic com pounds ( VOC ) waiver. 40 CFR 141.24(f)(7), (8), and (10) 6 years or frequency specified by State, as necessary

Make determination regarding sy nthetic organic com pounds ( SOC ) waiver requests. 40 CFR 141.24(h)(5) and (6) 3 years, as necessary

**Recordkeeping** Records for mo st recent vulnerability determination , including mo nitoring results and other data supporting the determination , the State’s findings, and any additional bases for such determination

. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(4) In perpetuity or until more current vulnerability determination has been issuedDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

27 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** Records of all current mo nitoring requirements and most recent mo nitoring frequency decision pertaining to each contaminant, including the mo nitoring results and other data supporting the deci sion, the State’s findings, and any additional bases for such decision. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(5) In perpetuity or until a more recent mo nitoring frequency decision has been issued

Records of mo st recent asbestos repeat mo nitoring determination , including mo nitoring results and other data supporting the determination , the State’s findings, and any additional bases for the determination and th e repeat mo nitoring frequency. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(6) In perpetuity or until more current repeat monitoring determinati on has been issued

Records of annual certifications received from 40 CFR 142.14(d)(7) 12 yearsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

28 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** systems pursuant to part 141, subpart K dem onstratin g the system’s com pliance with the treatment techniques for acry lam ide and/or epichlorohydr in. **Radionucli des**  **Reporting** Evaluate and draft written response for a system request to use historical mo nitoring data. 40 CFR 141.26(a)(2)(ii)(C) As necessary

Determine whether to designate a system as vulnerable and notify system of the determination

. 40 CFR 141.26(b)(1) As necessary

Designate system using waters contaminated by nuclear facility effluent and notify s ys tem of determination

. 40 CFR 141.26(b)(2) As necessary

**Recordkeeping** Subject to general requirements as listed above. **SWTR (only disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities)**  **Reporting** Subject to general requirements as listed above **Recordkeeping**Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

29 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** Records of disinfectant residual me asuremen ts and other parameters necessary to document disinfection effectiveness

. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(i) 1 year

Records of decisions to allow an unfiltered or filtered, respectively, PW S to sam ple residual disinfectant concentration at alternate locations if it also has ground water source(s). 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(A)(4) and (6), respectively 40 years, or 1 year after decision is reversed or revised

Records of any decision that a violation of mo nthly contact time (CT) com pliance requirements was caused by circumstance s that were unusual and unpredictable

. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(B )(1) 1 year

Records of any decision that a violation of the disinfection effectiveness criteria was not caused by a deficienc y in 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(B)(2) 1 yearDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

30 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** treatment of the source water. Records of any decision that failure to me et the disin fectant residual concentration requirements of 141.72(a)(3)(i ) was caused by circumstance s that were unusual and unpredictable . A copy of the decision mu st be provided to the system. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(C)(2) 40 years, unless filtration is installed

Records of decisions that an unfiltered or filtered system has no means for having a sam ple transported and analyzed for heterotrophic plate count by a certified laborator y under the requisite time and temperature conditions and that the system is providin g adequate disinfection in the distribution system, so that the 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(C)(9) and (10), respectively Until the d ecision is reversed or revisedDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

31 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** disinfection requirements do not apply, and the basis for the decision. A copy of the decision mu st be provided to the system. Records of decisions that a system using a disinfectant other than chlorine may use CT 99.9 values other than those in tables 2.1 or 3.1 and /or other operational parameters to determine if the mi nim um total inactivation ra tes are being met. A copy of the decision mu st be provided to the system. 40 CFR 142.14(a)(4)(ii)(C)(13) Until the decision is reversed or revisedDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

32 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period Arsenic**  **Rule Reporting**  Subject to general requirements as listed above **Recordkeepi ng**  Subject to general requirements as listed above **Lead and Copper Rule Reporting**  Notify the system after an approval decision has been made in regards to the system’s request to add a new source of water or change a treatment process prior to im plem entati on. 40 CFR 141.81(b)(3)(iii);

141.86(d)(4)(vii); 141.86(g)(4)(iii); 141.90(a)(3) As necessary

Provide written notice to PW Ss explaining the basis for determining if the P WS has optim iz ed corrosion control and specifying the water qualit y control parameters that represent optim al corrosion 40 CFR 1 41.81(b)(2) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

33 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** control. Notify a system i n writing of any determination requiring a system to repeat treatment steps previously com pleted. 40 CFR 141.81(c) As necessary

Specify corrosion control studies or optim al CCT (after a small or medium system exceeds the lead or copper action level). 40 C FR 141.81(e)(2) Wi thin 18 months (m edium systems) or 24 months (small systems) of exceedance

Designate optim al CCT (if a small or me dium system has performed corrosion control studies). 40 CFR 141.81(e)(4) As necessary, within 6 months of system completin g studies

For small and me dium systems, designate optim al water qualit y parameters. 40 CFR 141.81(e)(7) As necessary, within 6 months of system completing follow

- up sampling

Notify PW Ss in writing of decisions on optim al CCT. 40 CFR 141.82(d)(2) As necessary

Modify determination s of optimal CCT in writing. 40 CFR 141.82(h) As necessary or as requested

Notify the system in writing of determination 40 CFR 141.83(a)(2), 141.83(b)(2) As necessary, within 6 m onths of submission of mo nitoring resultsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

34 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** s regarding necessary source water treatment. Notify the system in writing of designations for maximum permissible source water levels. 40 CFR 141.83(a)(5), 141.83(b)(4) As necessary within 6 months of com pleting tap and source water mo nitoring.

Provide in w riting revised source water treatment or ma xim um permissible lead and copper concentration s along with a basis for the decision and an im plem entati on schedule. 40 CFR 141.83(b)(6) As necessary or as requested

Review public education ma terials content and consult on activities. Review and track system certification. 40 CFR 141.85(a) As necessary

Notify a system in writing if a shorter LSLR schedule is required. 40 CFR 141.84(e) As necessary, within 6 months after system triggered into LSLR Review and track system certification regarding distribution of tap samples to individual mo nitoring locations. 40 CFR 141.80(g); 141.85(d); 141.90(f)(3) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

35 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** Notify the system of approval of non - first

draw sample sites. 40 CFR 141.86(b)(5) As necessary

If applicable, review system request and approve in writing or by site verification the number of taps for sam pling. 40 CFR 141.80(c)(3)(v); 141.86 (c) One time

Specify sam pling locations when a system is conducting reduced mo nitoring. 40 CFR 141.86(c) As ne cessary

Notify the system in writing when the State determines that a system is eligible to commence reduced mo nitoring. 40 CFR 141.86(d)(4)(ii) & (iii) As necessary

Notify s ys tem of alternate period for collecting reduced lead and copper tap samples. 40 CFR 141.86(d)(4)(iv)(B) As necessary

Document in writing the decision and rationale for invalidating a sam ple. 40 CFR 141.86(f)(3) As necessary

Notify the system in writing of its waiver determination 40 CFR 141.86(g) (3) As necessaryDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

36 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** and the conditions of the waiver. Notify a system if its waiver has been revoked. 40 CFR 141.86(g)(5)(iii) As necessary

Review additional mo nitoring data and reports from systems that have exceeded the lead action level. 40 CFR 141.86(d)(4)(vi)(B) As necessary

Report to EPA the following information related to each system’s compliance with lead and copper requirements: For each large and me dium PW S, all 90th percentile lead levels calculated during each mo nitoring period, and the first and last day of the mo nitoring period for which the 90th percentile lead level was calculated. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(A) Quarterly

For each sm all PW S, the 90th percentile lead level calculated during each mo nitoring period in which the systems exceeds the 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(B) QuarterlyDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

37 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** lead action level, and the f irst and last day of each mo nitoring period in which an exceedance occurred. For each PW S, the 90th percentile copper level calculated during each mo nitoring period in which the system exceeds the copper action level, and the first and last day of each mo nitoring period in which an exceedance occurred. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(C) Quarterly

For each PW S for which the State has designated optim al water qualit y parameters or which the State has deem ed to have optim iz ed corrosion control, the date of the determination and the paragraph(s) under which the State ma de its determination

. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(D) QuarterlyDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

38 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** For each PW S required to begin replacing lead service lines (LSLs), the date each system must begin r eplacement. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(E) Quarterly

For each PW S that has im plem ented optim al corrosion control, com pleted applicable source water treatment requirements or completed lead service line replacement (LSLR) requirements and the date of the St ate's determination that these requirements have been me t. 40 CFR 142.15(c)(4)(iii)(F) Quarterly

**Recordkeeping** Maintain records of currently applicable or mo st recent State determination s, including all supporting information and explanation of technical basis for each decision. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8) 12 yearsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

39 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** For any system deem ed to be optimized, ma intain records of any conditions im posed by the State to ensure the continued operation and ma intenance of CCT in place. 40 C FR 142.14(d)(8)(i) 12 years

Maint ain records of decisions to require a system to conduct CCT studies. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(ii) 12 years

Maintain records of designations of optimal CCT. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(iii) 12 years

Maintain records of designations of optimal WQ Ps. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(iv) 12 years

Maintain records of decisions to mo dify a PW S’s optim al CCT or WQ Ps. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(v) 12 years

Maintain records of determination s of source water treatment. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(vi) 12 years

Maintain records of designations of maximum permissible concentration 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(vii) 12 yearsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

40 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** s of lead and copper in source water. Maintain records of determination s establishing shorter LSLR schedules. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(viii) 12 years

Maintain records of determ ination s of additional mo nitoring requirements and/or other actions required to ma intain optim al corrosion control by systems mo nitoring for lead and copper at the tap less frequently than once ever y six mo nths that change treatment or add a new source of water. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(ix) 12 years

Maintain records of system

specific decisions regarding the content of written public education ma terials and/or the distribution of these ma terials. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(x) 12 years

Maintain records of system

40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xi) 12 yearsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

41 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** speci fic determination s regarding use of non

first

- draw sam ples at NTNC WS s and CW Ss that operate 24 hours a day. Maintain records of system

specific designations of sampling locations for systems subject to reduced mo nitoring. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xii) 12 years

Maintain records of system

specific determination s pertaining to alternative sam ple collection periods for systems subject to reduced mo nitoring. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xiii) 12 years

Maintain records of determination s of sm all system mo nitoring waivers, waiver recertification s, and waiver revocations. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)(xiv) 12 yearsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

42 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** Maintain records of determination s regarding representativ e entr y point locations at ground water systems. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(8)( xv) 12 years

Maintain records of reports and any other information submitted by PW Ss. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(9) 12 years

Maintain records of State activities to verify com pliance with State determination s. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(10)(i) 12 years

Maintain records of State acti vities to verify com pliance with the requirements related to partial LSLR and com pliance with LSLR schedules. 40 CFR 142.14(d)(10)(ii) 12 years

Maintain records of State activities to invalidate tap water lead and copper sam ples. 40 CFR 142. 14(d)(10)(iii) 12 years

Maintain records of each system’s currently applicable or mo st recently 40 CFR 142.14(d)(11) 12 years or until a new decision, determination, or designation has been issuedDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

43 **Requiremen t**  **Regulatory Citation Frequency/Reten**  **tion Period** designated mo nitoring requirements

. **4(b)(ii) Respondent Activities**  PWSs and primacy

agencies must complete the activities described in the sections below. **Public Water Systems** In general, each PWS is required to monitor for compliance with the MCL s or MRDL s established in 40 CFR Part 141, Subpart B. Owners and operators are required to report laboratory

results to the State at frequencies specified in EPA regulations. In addit ion, they are required to record, maintain, and report the anal yt ical results of these monitoring efforts in accordance with 40 CFR Part 141, Subparts C and D. General activities carried out by PWSs implementing the chemical regulations addressed in this IC R include

—

 Planning activities associated with rule implementation (e.g., scheduling monitoring).

 Gathering information (i.e., identifying sample sites and taking samples).

 Creating information b y conducting tests on samples collected.

 Processing, comp iling, and reviewing information created.

 Developing and distributing reports and other documents.

 Recording and maintaining the information. Specific activities are described in Exhibit 2. **Primacy Agencies** States are currentl y required to maintain records of State verification activities and each determination made and to report to EPA through SDWI S in accordance with State reporting requirements (§142.14). Primacy agencies ensure the implementation of th e rules covered b y this ICR. To meet their responsibilities, the primacy agencies conduct the following activities: 7

 Coordinate with EPA.

 Notify sy stems of requirements.

 Make compliance determinations.

 Provide technical assistance to PWSs.

 Maintain data management sy stems.

 Establish the monitoring schedules.

 Review plans and specifications.

7 Some of the general activities conducted by States are included in the PWSS Program ICR (OMB 2040

- 0090).Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

44  Enter monitoring and enforcement data.

 Keep records and supporting information, including State determinations and explanations for technical decisions regarding rule implementation. Following is a detailed description of monitoring and other data collection and reporting requirements for each of the drinking water rules included in this I CR (see also Exhibit 3)

. 1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule The Stage 1 DBPR applies primarily to community

water sy stems (CWSs) and nontransient noncommunity water s ys tems (NTNCWSs) that add a chemical disinfectant any where in the treatment process. Transient noncommunity water s ys tems (TNCWSs) that add a disinfectant are subject to requirements on chlorine dioxide only . The rule

—

 Sets the MCLfor total trihalomethanes (§141.64).

 Sets MCL s for haloacetic acids (HAA5), bromate, and chlorite (§141.64).

 Sets MRDL s for chlo rine, chloramines, and chlorine dioxide (§141.65).

 Sets treatment techniques (enhanced coagulation and enhanced softening) for DBP precursors (§141.135).

 Establishes Best Available Technologies (BATs) for controlling disinfection by products and disinfectants (§141.64 and §141.65, respectivel y). The information collection requirements necessary to comply with these requirements include monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements. In general, sy stems must report the number of samples and the locat ion, date, and results of each sample taken in the last monitoring period . For many of the DBPs and disinfectants, s ys tems must also calculate the running annual average of sample results to determine compliance with the MCL or MRDL. Note that compliance m onitoring for the Stage 2 DBPR begins during this I CR period; compliance dates vary

depending on s ys tem size . The Stage 2 DBPR changes the way compliance with the MCLs for TTHM and HAA5 is calculated

— for sy stems that take samples at more than one location, the MCLis now calculated based on a running annual average at each sampling location rather than by averaging the sampling results at different locations. For some sy stems monitoring requirements, including frequency and location, may

also change. Other Stage 1 DBPR requirements remain unchanged.
MAXIMUM CONTAMINANT LEVELS (MCLs) **Total Trihalomethane (**

**TTHM )**  **and HAA5 MCLs** (a) Small Subpart H 8 Systems Serving Fewer Than 500 People

 **Routine Monitoring (§141.132).** CWSs and NTNCWSs must take one sample per plant per ye ar for both total trihalomethane ( TTHM ) and HAA5.

 **Reduced Monitoring (§141.132).** No reduced monitoring is allowed.

8 Subpart H systems include all PWSs using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surfa ce water as a source (40 CFR 141.2).Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

45  **Compliance Requirements (§141.133).** If the average of samples taken during the year exceeds the MCL , the s ys tem must increase monitoring to one sample per plant per quarter. Compliance with the MCL is based on an annual arithmetic average. (b) Small Subpart H Systems Serving 500

- 9,999 People

 **Routine Monitoring (§141.132).** CWSs and NTNCWSs must take on e sample per plant per quarter for both TTHM and HAA5.

 **Reduced Monitoring (§141.132).** Sy stems with annual average TTHM < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 < 0.030 mg/L and source water total organic carbon (TOC) < 4.0 mg/L prior to treatment may reduce monitoring to one sample per plant per ye ar. If a s ys tem exceeds 0.060 mg/L or 0.045 mg/L for TTHM or HAA5 respectivel y, it must revert to routine monitoring. (c) Large Subpart H Sy stems Serving at Least 10,000 People

 **Routine Monitoring (§141.132).** CWSs and NTNCWSs must take four samples per plant per quarter for both TTHM and HAA5.

 **Reduced Monitoring (§141.132).** Sy stems with annual average TTHM < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 < 0.030 mg/L and source water TOC < 4.0 mg/L prior to treatment may

reduce sampl es to one sample per plant per quarter. If a s ystem exceeds 0.060 mg/L or 0.045 mg/L for TTHM or HAA5 respectivel y, it must revert to routine monitoring. (d) Small Ground Water Sy stems Serving Fewer Than 10,000 People

 **Routine Monitoring (§141.132).** CWSs and NTNCWSs must take one sample per plant per ye ar for both TTHM and HAA5.

 **Reduced Monitoring (§141.132).** Sy stems with annual average TTHM < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 < 0.030 mg/L for 2 consecutive years or TTHM < 0.020 / HAA5 < 0.015 for one ye ar may reduce samples to one sample per plant per three

- ye ar monitoring cycle.

 **Compliance Requirements (§141.133).** If the average of samples taken during the year exceeds the MCL, the s ys tem must increase monitoring to one sample per plant per quarter. Compliance with the MCL is based on an annual arithmetic average. (e) Large Ground Water S ys tems Serving at Least 10,000 People

 **Routine Monitoring (§141.132).** CWSs and NTNCWSs must take one sample per plant per quarter for both TTHM and HAA5.

 **Reduced Monitoring (§141.1 32).**  Sy stems with annual average TTHM < 0.040 mg/L and HAA5 < 0.030 mg/L may reduce samples to one sample per plant per ye ar. If a s ys tem exceeds 0.060 mg/L or 0.045 mg/L for TTHM or HAA5 respectivel y, it must revert to routine monitoring.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

46 **Chlorite MCL** Chlorite is an inorganic DBP formed when drinking water is treated with chlorine dioxide. The MCLfor chlorite is 1.0 mg/L . CWSs and NTNCWSs that use chlorine dioxide must conduct chlorite monitoring.

 **Routine Daily Monitoring (§141.132).** Sy stems must take daily samples at the entrance to the distribution sy stem. If any sample exceeds the MCL , the system must take additional samples the following day at the following three locations: 1) as close as possible to the first customer; 2) a location representative of average residence time; and 3) a location reflecting the maximum residence time.

 **Reduced Daily Monitoring (§141.132).** There is no reduced daily monitoring for chlorite.

 **Routine Monthly Monitoring (§141.132).** Each month, systems must take one s ample at three following distribution system locations.

 **Reduced Monthly Monitoring (§141.132).** After one year of routine monitoring, sy stems may reduce to one three

- sample set per quarter if the MCL has not been exceeded during that ye ar b y an y individual sample and the s ystem has not been required to take an y follow

- up samples. A sy stem may remain on reduced monitoring if all three of the individual chlorite samples do not exceed the MCL . If a s ys tem conducting reduced monitoring exceeds the MCLand the daily sample does not exceed the MCL, it must revert to routine monitoring.
**Bromate MCL** Bromate is one of the principal by products of ozonation in source water containing bromide. The MCLfor bromate is 0.010 mg/L. CWSs and NTNCWSs that use ozone for disinfection or oxidation must conduct bromate monitoring.

 **Routine Monitoring (§141.132).** Sy stems must take one sample per month for each plant using ozone at the entrance to the distribution sy stem wh ile the ozonation sy stem is operating under normal conditions.

 **Reduced Monitoring (§141.132).** A sy stem may take one sample per plant per quarter if its annual average source water bromide concentration is less than 0.05 mg/L, based on a monthly measurement. If the running annual average bromide concentration is >0.05 mg/L the s ys tem must revert to routine monitoring. The sy stem must continue to monitor for bromide if it wishes to remain on reduced bromate monitoring.
MAXIMUM RESIDUAL DI SI NFECTANT LEVEL S (MRDLs) Disinfectants are added during water treatment to control waterborne microbial contaminants. Some residual disinfectants will remain in water after treatment. MRDL s protect public health by

setting maximum limits on the level of residual disin fectants in drinking water while setting a level that protects public health.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

47 **Chlorine and Chloramines MRDLs** Chlorine is a widely

used disinfectant. The MRDL for chlorine is 4.0 mg/L. Chloramines are formed when ammonia is added during chlorination t o suppress formation of many by products. The MRDLfor chloramines is 4.0 mg/L (measured as Cl 2 ).

 **Routine Monitoring (§141.132).** CWSs and NTNCWSs must take samples for the residual disinfectant levels at the same points in the distribution system and at the same time as total coliform samples (Subpart H sy stems are already taking these samples under the SWTR).

 **Reduced Monitoring (§141.132).** There is no reduced monitoring for chlorine and chloramines.
**Chlorine Dioxide MRDL** Chlorine dioxide is used pri marily for the oxidation of taste

- and odor

- causing organic compounds in water

. About 60 to 70 percent of the chlorine dioxide is converted to chlorite in the treatment process. This provision applies to CWSs, NTNCWSs, and TNCWSs.

 **Routine Monitoring (§1 41.132).**  Sy stems must take a daily sample at the entrance to the distribution sy stem. If any sample exceeds the MRDL, the sy stem must take three additional samples the following day in the distribution sy stem.

 **Reduced Monitoring (§141.132).** There is no reduced monitoring for chlorine dioxide.
DBP P RECURSORS Subpart H sy stems employing conventional filtration must monitor for TOC and alkalinity in their source and finished water. These samples determine treatment technique requirements.

 **Routine Monitoring (§141.132).**  Sy stems must take one paired sample per month of TOC in source water and treated water. These samples must be taken simultaneously . Additionally , s ys tems must take one alkalinity sample per month at the same time as the source wat er TOC sample.

 **Reduced Monitoring (§141.132).** Sy stems may take one paired sample per quarter if their average treated water TOC is less than 2.0 mg/L for two consecutive ye ars or less than 1.0 mg/L for one ye ar. The alkalinity sample is taken at the same time. If the average treated water TOC in these s ys tems is > 2.0 mg/L, they

must revert to routine monitoring.
MONITORING PLANS Under the Stage 1 DBPR, each s ys tem required to conduct monitoring must develop and implement a monitoring plan (§141.132). The s ys tem must maintain its plan and make itDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

48 available to the public and State. The State may require changes in an y element of the system’s monitoring plan. 2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfectant Byproducts Rule The Stage 2 DBPR builds on the 1998 Stage 1 DBPR by requiring reduced levels of disinfectant b yproducts (DBPs) in distribution systems. The Stage 2 DBPR is designed to reduce DBP occurrence peaks in the distribution system by changing compliance monitoring requirements and compliance d etermination. The numerical maximum contaminant levels (MCL s) for the Stage 2 DBPR are the same as for the Stage 1 DBPR MCLs. However, with Stage 2, the TTHM and HAA5 MCL s must be met at each monitoring location, while Stage 1 requires a s ys tem to average results over all monitoring locations. Note that in some cases the Stage 2 monitoring requirements and locations will change, but in others they will be the same as in Stage 1. Each rule activity is described below. Implementation activities and initial distribution sy stem evaluations, along with Stage 2 monitoring plans, were completed during the previous ICR period. **Systems** Most PWSs will be involved in the following collection activities:
Additional Routine Monitoring Under Stage 2, some s ys tems may not need to conduct an y additional monitoring on top of what they do for Stage 1 , although their monitoring locations may change . However, man y s ys tems will be required to conduct additional monitoring

. This additional monit oring will begin during this I CR period and is based on the monitoring plan submitted during the previous I CR period

. The compliance date varies based on s ys tem size and other factors. Sy stems will:

• Assess the change in the number of samples to be collect ed from the Stage 1 to the Stage 2 DBPR

• Conduct additional routine monitoring

• Determine if provisions for reduced monitoring are satisfied

• Determine if increased monitoring for small s ys tems is required Operational Evaluations A sy stem exceeds an ope rational evaluation level at an y monitoring location when the “sum of the two previous quarters’ compliance monitoring results plus twice the current quarter ’ s result at one location, divided by 4, exceeds 80 μg/L for TTHM or 60 μg/L for HAA5.” If an oper ational evaluation level is exceeded, s ys tems must:Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

49 • Conduct an operational evaluation

• Compile and submit a written report to the State no later than 90 day s after being notified of the anal yt ical result that resulted in the operational evaluation level exceedances
**States** State officials serve as respondents when reporting compliance data to EPA. States are currentl y required to maintain records of verification activities and each determination made and report to EPA through SDWI S. States are anticipated to be involved in several activities as described below. Note that state review of IDSE reports and proposed monitoring plans was completed during the previous ICR period.
Additional Routine Monitoring

 Review and evaluate monitoring data submitted by sy stems Operational E valuations

 Review operational evaluations from sy stems Recordkeeping In addition to existing recordkeeping requirements, States must follow new Stage 2

- specific recordkeeping requirements in §142.14 (a)(8) , keeping records for the time specified :

 Any decisions made pursuant to IDSE and Stage 2 DBPR site requirements, until replaced or revised

 Records of IDSE reports and 40/30 certifications and any modifications required by the State, until replaced or revised.

 Operational evaluations submitted by a s ys tem, for 10 years following submission.
3) Chemical Phase Rules The chemical monitoring requirements appl y onl y to CWSs and NTNCWSs, except that transient noncommunity

water s ys tems (TNCWSs) must sample for nitrate and nitrite. Monitoring requirements follow the standardized monitoring framework ( SMF ) schedule established by

the rule. Under the SMF, 9

- year compliance cycles were established; the firstDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

50 cycle lasted from January 1, 1993 to December 31, 20 01 ; the second cycle began on January 1, 2002, and ends on December 31, 2010 ; and the third cycle began January 1, 2011 and will end December 31, 2019

. Each nine

- ye ar cycle consists of three, 3

- ye ar compliance periods (e.g., from January

1, 2011 , to December 31, 2013 ; from January 1, 2014 , to December 31, 2016 ; and from January

1, 2017 , to December 31, 2019 ). The compounds and contaminants addressed b y the Chemical Phase Rules are listed in Exhibit 4 . A more detailed description of the moni toring requirements for inorganic compounds ( IOC s) , volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and sy nthetic organic compounds (SOCs) follow s
.

**Exhibit 4 Regulated Organic Compounds**  **and Inorganic Chemicals**
**Phase of Regulation**  **Inorganic Contaminants**  **Synthetic Org anic**  **Compounds Volatile Organic**  **Compounds** Phase I 9 N/A N/A Benzene Carbon tetrachloride p - Dichlorobenzene Trichloroethylene Vin yl Chloride 1,1,1

- Trichloroethane 1,1

- Dichloroethylene 1,2

- Dichloroethane Phase II Asbestos Cadmium Chromium Fluoride Mercury Nitrate Nitrite Selenium Alachlor Atrazine Carbofuran Chlordane Eth yl ene dibromide DBCP Heptachlor Heptachlor epoxide Lindane Methoxychlor Toxaphene Polychlorinated byphenyl 2,4

- D 2,4,5

- TP (Silvex) cis

- 1,2

- Dichloroethylene Eth yl benzene Monochlorobenzene o - Dichlorobenzene Styrene Tetrachloroethylene Toluene trans

- 1,2

- Dichloroethylene Xy lenes 1,2

- Dichloropropane

Phase IIB Barium Pentachlorophenol N/A Phase V Antimony Beryllium Cy anide Nickel (remanded) Thallium Benzo(a)pyrene Dalapon Di(2

- ethy lhex yl)

- adipate Di(2

- ethy lhex yl)

- phthalate Dinoseb Diquat Endothall Endrin Glyphosate Hexachlorobenzene Dichloromethane 1,1,2

- Trichloroethane 1,2,4

- Trichlorobenzene

9 The Phase I rule contaminants were included for completeness. However, the Phase II rule superseded the Phase I rule. Some of the Phase I unregulated contaminants became regulated under Phase II and additional contaminants were added to the list of unregulated contaminants.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

51 **Phase of Regulation**  **Inorganic Contaminants**  **Synthetic Org anic**  **Compounds Volatile Organic**  **Compounds** Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Oxam yl Picloram Sim az ine 2,3,7,8

- TCDD (Dioxin) Arsenic Rule Arsenic NA NA

IN ORGANIC COMPOUNDS This section summarizes the IOC monitoring requirements for most of the first 3

- ye ar compliance period of the third compliance cycle ( which beg an on January 1, 2011 ), as described in 40 CFR 141.23(c). For the purposes of moni toring requirements, the IOCs regulated under Phases II and IIB are asbestos, barium, cadmium, chromium, fluoride, mercury, nitrite, nitrate, and selenium. The IOCs regulated b y Phase V are antimony , beryllium, cyanide, and thallium. The MCLfor nickel, which was initially i ncluded as part of Phase V, was remanded on February 9, 1995. This means that, while many water suppliers continue to monitor nickel levels in their water, there is currentl y no EPA legal limit on the amount of nickel in drinking water. Arsenic was regulated under the 1976 standards for IOCs but is now addressed separatel y in the Arsenic Rule. During each 3

- ye ar compliance period, ground water s ys tems must take one sample at each sampling point. Surface water sy stems must take one sample annuall y at each sampling point. I f results from an y sampling events are above the MCL , the PWS must begin quarterl y sampling during the next calendar quarter. The PWS must continue quarterly sampling until the State determines that the samples are reliabl y and consistently below the MCL based on at least two consecutive quarterly samples for ground water s ys tems and four consecutive quarters for surface water s ys tems. Once the samples are reliably and consistently

below the MCL , ground water s ys tem s are then required to sample triennially , and surface water s ys tems must sample annually

. After three consecutive sampling rounds in which sampling results are below the MCL , a PWS may

appl y to the State for a waiver. Should the State grant a waiver, the PWS is required to sample only

once every

nine years. IOC waivers must be renewed every nine years. Waivers are not available for nitrate or nitrite monitoring.
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS This section summarizes VOC monitoring requirements for most of the first 3

- ye ar compliance period of the third compliance cycle, as described in 40 CFR 141.24(f). For VOCs, surface water sy stems must take one sample annuall y at each sampling point. During each three

- year compliance period, ground water s ys tems must take one sample at each sampling point (after initially sampling annuall y) . If any sample exceeds the method detection limit (MDL) of 0.0005 mg/l, the PWS must begin quar terl y monitoring during the next calendar quarter. Quarterly

sampling must continue until the State determines that the samples areDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

52 reliably and consistentl y below the MCLbased on at least two consecutive quarterl y samples for ground water s ys tems and fo ur consecutive quarters for surface water s ys tems. However, if the detection that triggered the increased sampling exceeds the MCL, the PWS must take a minimum of four consecutive quarterly samples, regardless of whether it is served by ground water or surface water. Once the samples are reliabl y and consistently below the MCL , the State may reduce the sampling frequency to once per ye ar, provided repeat sampling is conducted during the calendar quarter that previously yielded the highest anal yt ical resul t. Sy stems may

appl y to the State for a waiver after initial monitoring provided VOCs are not detected . The maximum waiver period for ground water sampling points is six years. The initial waiver must be renewed within the first three years of issuance, but subsequent waivers may be renewed at the end of the six

- year period. A ground water s ys tem must collect one sample within the first compliance period and at least one sample during each six

- year waiver period. For surface water sy stems, the maxi mum waiver period is three ye ars, but there is no minimum Federal sampling frequency . The State determines the sampling schedule for surface water s ys tems with a three

- year waiver.
SYNTHETIC ORGANIC COMPOUNDS This section summarizes the SOC monitoring requirements for the first 3

- ye ar compliance period of the third compliance cycle , as described in 40 CFR 141.24(h). Sy stems serving more than 3,300 people are required to take two SOC samples every three ye ars. For s ys tems that serve fewer than 3,300 people, one sample is required every three ye ars. If a contaminant is detected at any sampling point, the water s ys tem must begin quarterl y sampling during the next calendar quarter. Quarterly sampling must continue until the State determines that the samples are reliabl y and consistently below the MCL based on at least two consecutive quarterl y samples for ground water systems and four consecutive quarters for surface water s ys tems. However, if the detection that triggered the increased sampling exceeds the MCL , then the PWS must take a minimum of four consecutive quarterly samples, regardless of whether it is served b y ground water or surface water. Once the samples are reliabl y and consistently

below the MCL , the State may reduce the sampling frequenc y to once per ye ar, provided repeat sampling is conducted during the calendar quarter that previously yielded the highest analy

tical result. After three ye ars of annual monitoring without SOC detections, sy stems may apply for a waiver. Waivers are ef

fective for one compliance period (i.e., three years). They must be renewed in each subsequent compliance period, or the sy stem must return to the sampling frequency specified for its size. Under Federal regulations, sy stems with a waiver are not require d to sample. 4) Radionuclides Rule On December 7, 2000, EPA promulgated a revised radionuclides regulation. The revised rule completel y supersedes the requirements established in the original 1976 Rule. The Radionuclides Rule, which is applicable onl y to CWSs, revised and amended 40 CFR Parts 141 and 142 and

—Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

53  Sets an MCL G of zero for all radionuclides.

 Maintains the 1976 gross alpha MCLof 15 PicoCuries per liter (pCi/L ) (which includes combined radium

- 226/

- 228 and excludes uranium and radon).

 Maintains the 1976 MCL of 5 pCi/Lfor combined radium

- 226 and radium

- 228.

 Maintains the 1976 beta particle and photon radioactivity MCL of 4 mil l irem per ye ar ( mrem/y

r)

.
 Sets an MCLof 30 μg/L for uranium.

 Establishes separate monitoring requirements for radium

- 226 and radium

- 228.

 Maintains the beta/photon screening levels set in the 1976 Rule for vulnerable sy stems (as deemed b y the State). Surface water systems serving greater than 100,000 persons will no longer be required to monitor unless they are deemed vulner able.

 Revises sampling, compliance, and monitoring waivers to SMF at entry points to the distribution sy stem. States will have discretion in grandfathering existing distribution system data for determining initial monitoring baselines. 5) Disinfectant Resid ual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the SWTR 10 As mentioned earlier, the majority of the SWTR requirements, with the exception of disinfection residual monitoring, are addressed in the Microbial Rules ICR. Specific disinfectant residual monito ring required b y the SWTR and covered under this I CR includes the following

–

 Periodic disinfection residual monitoring from the distribution sy stem for Subpart H sy stems. (§141.74 (b)(6)(i) for unfiltered s ys tems and §141.74(c)(3)(i) for sy stems that fil ter).

 Continuous disinfectant residual monitoring at entry points into the distribution sy stem. (§141.74 (b)(5) for unfiltered s ys tems and §141.74(c)(2) for s ys tems that filter) 11

.
 Calculation of inactivation ratios for unfiltered systems using contact time (CT) values (§141.74 (b)(3)) 12

. 6) Arsenic Rule The Arsenic Rule was promulgated January 22, 2001 , and requires that CWSs and NTNCWSs follow the SMF. As previousl y described for the Chemical Phases Rule, the SMF is conducted within the schedule of a 9

- year compliance cycle. The compliance cycle is subsequently

composed of three, 3

- ye ar periods.

10 Includes only the rule components relating to disinfectant residual monitoring. The remaining SWTR requirements are included in the Microbial Rules ICR.

11 Sy stems that serve 3,300 or fewer peop le may take grab samples in lieu of providing continuous monitoring.

12 CT is the product of residual disinfectant concentration (C) in mg/l determined before or at the first customer, and the corresponding disinfectant contact time (T) in minutes. If a P WS applies disinfectants at more than one point prior to the first customer, it must determine the CT of each disinfectant sequence before or at the first customer to determine the total percent inactivation or total inactivation ratio.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

54 **Routine Monitoring** Groundwater s ys tems must take a sample at each entry point to the distribution sy stem once every

three years; surface water s ys tems must sample at each entry point annually

. Triggered monitoring as a result of a violation requires the s ys tem to monitor quarterl y beginning in the next quarter after the violation has occurred. Only after a system has taken two consecutive groundwater samples or four consecutive surface water samples and the State has determined that the s ys tem is “reliably and consistently” below the MCL (40 CFR 141.23(c)(8)) may the s ys tem return to routine monitoring.
Th e rule also allow s sy stems to receive nine

- ye ar monitoring waivers. During the waiver period, a s ys tem must take a minimum of one sample. In order to receive a waiver, a s ys tem must demonstrate that during the previous three rounds of monitoring all resul ts were less than the current MCLand there was adequate source protection. 7) Lead and Copper Rule CWS and NTNCWS owners and operators are required to comply with the L CR. In general, the LC R requires each of these water s ys tems to undertake the followi ng activities 13 :

 Plan monitoring and other activities.

 Provide training to appropriate staff and to residents collecting samples.

 Id entify

appropriate sampling sites and collect samples.

 Review sample data, including the calculation of lead and copper 90th percentile levels.

 Submit to the State monitoring data and any other documents or reports.

 Record and maintain information. In addition, some sy stems must submit corrosion control studies, recommend and submit information regarding the completion of CCT or source water treatment installation, conduct public education, or conduct LS L monitoring, notification, and replacement. The short term revisions to the L CR appl y to CWS and NTNCWS owners and operators , as with the L CR. In addition to the L CR requi rement s, the revisions require sy stems to undertake the following activities:

 Take additional tap samples for lead if the lead action level of 0.015 mg/L is exceeded.

 Provide revised public education materials according to revised delivery requirements if the lead action level is exceeded , including a statement on lead in the CCR

.  Notify

the State before making long term treatment changes.

 Notify

customers of results of samples taken at their homes

.

13 For existing syst ems, some of these requirements may not fall within the collection period for this ICR. See Appendix H for detail related to assumptions and burden calculations for these activities.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

55  Retest L SL s previousl y exempted from replacement if the lead action level is exceeded

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

56 

### 5 **INFORMATION COLLECTED**

**— AGENCY ACTIVITIES,**  **COLLECTION METHODOLOGY, AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT**  **5(a) Agency Activities**  As part of its supervisory responsibility , EPA maintains SDWI S and evaluates SDWI S data to determine s ys tem compliance. EPA personnel also reformat, distribute, and store these data for a number of uses, including responding to Congressional and public in quiries. EPA also oversees the EPA Regional and State programs, provides technical assistance, and develops policies designed to ensure consistent program implementation. EPA officials serve as respondents when testifying to Congress on the PWSS Program or in the courts for enforcement actions. EPA’s requirements are outlined in Exhibit 5 below. Most of the burden and costs for these activities are addressed in the PWSS Program I CR (OMB No. 2040

- 0090). Section 5(a) of the PWSS Program ICR contains a dditional detail regarding the activities supported b y the collection of SDWI S data described above. EPA will also conduct primacy activities in States and territories that do not have primacy . Specifically , EPA will be involved in the following activ ities

—

 Mobilization, planning, and implementation.

 Training PWS and consultant staff.

 Analyzing and reviewing PWS data.

 Making determinations concerning PWSs.

 Compliance tracking.

 Recordkeeping. However, b urden and costs for these activities are account ed for under the primacy agency burden (see Section 6).Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

57 **Exhibit 5 EPA Requirements** 
**Requirement Regulatory Citation**  **Frequency General Requirements (apply to all regulations)**  For States and other entities for which the Agency maintains primacy , the Agency must ma intain the records and perform the reporting activities required of States. 40 CFR 142.14 and 142.15 As necessary

Review State request for approval of a program revision and notify State of determination regarding request. 40 CFR 142.12(d)(3) One time, as necessary **Stage 1 DBPR** Subject to general requirements as listed above. **Stage 2 DBPR** Subject to general requirements as listed above. **Chemical Phase Rules (Phases II, IIB, and V)**  Subject to general requirements as listed above. **Radionuclides** Subject to general requirements as listed above. **SWTR (only disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities)** Subject to general requirements as listed above. **Arsenic Rule** Subject to general requirements as listed above. **Lead and Copper Rule** Subject to general requirements as listed above.
**5(b) Collection Methodology and Management**  Under the PWSS Program, EPA will modify SDWI S and its data verification procedures to accommodate new violation data from all rules. EPA checks data quality b y doing the following:

• Developing standard operating procedures for each rule

• Editing the data submitted for content and required format in SDWI S

• Sending rejected data back to the States/Primacy Agencies for corrections

• Requiring the State/Primacy Agency to resubmit corrected data

• Auditing data submitted by the States/Primacy

Agencies based on the EPA protocol

• Reviewing State/Primacy Agency data annuall y for corrective actionsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

58 EPA defines information requirements and States/Primacy Agencies need to update the data in a predefined format. The public may access the violation data in SDWI S through the Internet at http://water.epa.gov/scitech/datait/databases/drink/sdwisfed/howtoaccessdata.cfm

. **5(c) Small Entity Flexibility**  In developing chemical monitoring rules contain ed in this I CR, EPA considered the requirement of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act (SBREFA) to minimize the burden of information collections on small entities. Small entities include “small businesses,” “small organizations” and “sm all government jurisdictions.” These terms are defined below 14

.

 A **small business** is any business that is independently owned and operated and not dominant in its field, as defined b y the Small Business Administration regulations under Section 3 of the Sma ll Business Act.

 A **small organization** is any non - profit enterprise that is independently owned and operated and not dominant in its field.

 A **small governmental jurisdiction** is the government of a city, count y, town, township, village, school district, or s pecial district that has a population of fewer than 50,000. This definition may also include Indian Tribes. The major requirement under SBREFA is a regulatory flexibility

anal ys is of all rules that have a “significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.” This ICR is not associated with new rules. Therefore, this ICR is not subject to the SBREFA. However, EPA has made significant efforts to minimize the burden for all respondents, particularl y for small entities. In setting both MCLs/MRDLs and monitoring requirements, EPA has been able to minimize burden for small entities in the following way s

— 1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule EPA has taken steps to minimize the burden on small PWSs. These measures include lower monitoring frequency for small s ys tems, reducing monitoring frequency for s ys tems consistently

and reliabl y bel ow the MCL s and MRDL s, and extending the compliance date for small sy stems to five years after promulgation of the rule. 2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule Using information found in the Stage 2 Economic Analy sis (EA) , along with additional information from SDWIS, the Community Water Sy stem Survey (CWSS) , and the U.S. Census, EPA conducted a quantitative anal ys is of small system impacts as a result of the rule. Based on

14 These definitions were taken from §601 of the Regulatory Flexibility A ct (RFA).Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

59 that anal ys is, EPA certified that the Stage 2 DBPR would not lead to significant economic impacts for a substantial number of small entities.
T he Agency took specific steps to minimize the burden of the IDSE on PWSs , for example. PWSs serving fewer than 500 people were waived from conducting the IDSE in most cases . NTNCWSs serving fewer than 10,000 people were not subject to the IDSE at all . Those small sy stems that were required to monitor as part of the IDSE had t aken fewer samples than did large s ys tems. As with the Stage 1 DBPR, compliance monitoring requirements are also based on s ys tem size, and small sy stems take fewer samples than large s ys tems. 3) Chemical Phase Rules For the contaminants regulated under the Phase II regulation, the provisions established in the SMF are intended to minimize burden on small entities by allowing sy stems to composite as many as five samples and by

allowing States to grant waivers, which reduce or eliminate monitoring requirements. For Phase V chemicals, EPA has taken steps to minimize the burden on PWSs (in addition to the p rovisions listed for Phase II contaminants) by allowing s ys tems serving fewer than 3,300 people to composite among different systems provided the five sample limit is maintained. Sample collection has also been simplified by allowing the same sampling locations to be used for all source water

- related monitoring. 4) Radionuclides Rule The monitoring requirements for radionuclides apply onl y to CWSs. 5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the SWTR The rule allows s ys tems serving 3, 300 and fewer to substitute grab sampling for continuous disinfectant residual monitoring. This enables small sy stems to avoid capital costs associated with continuous monitoring equipment. Further, the number of daily grab samples required for measuring the disinfectant residual is directly related to the s ys tem’s size. Sy stems serving 500 or fewer people are required to take one sample, while s ys tems serving 2,501 to 3,300 people are required to take four samples. 6) Arsenic Rule In the Arsenic Rule, i n order to assist small entities, States will grant monitoring waivers to sy stems that are reliably and consistently

below the MCL . These waivers will reduce the compliance cost for some small sy stems and will decrease the number of times a sy stem must co nduct routine monitoring. In addition, the monitoring requirements still allow sy stems to composite up to five samples. Compositing samples allows sy stems to reduce the laboratory costs associated with monitoring. 7) Lead and Copper RuleDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

60 In developing the original L ead and Copper Rule, EPA considered SBREFA in an attempt to minimize the burden of information collections on small entities. EPA later determined that the LCR Minor Revisions would not have a significant impact on a substantial number of small entities. EPA recognizes that some water s ys tems are small entities; therefore, the LCR reduced to the extent practicable and appropriate the burden on PWSs, especially smaller sy stems. The regulations include the following examples of reduced burden for small s ys tems:

 Different compliance or reporting requirements or schedules that take into account the resources available to smaller water sy stems. Specifically , the LCR Short Term Revisions allow States to permit sy stems to take 1 sample per tap in sy stems that have fewer than 5 taps.

 Consolidated or simplified compliance and reporting requirements.

 No unnecessary

or redundant requirements. **5(d) Collection Schedule**  Exhibit 6 contains a summary of the collection schedules for eac h rule. Given the wide range of phase

- in schedules for the respective rules, additional information may be obtained by consulting the individual rules for specific collection schedules.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

61 **Exhibit 6 Collection Schedule**  **15**

**Rule Collection Commencement**  Disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities for the S WT R 1991/1993 (dep ending on filtration status) Phase II 1993 Phase IIB 1993 Phase V 1996 Stage 1 DBPR 2002/2004 (depen ding on system size and source) Stage 2 DBPR 2006 Radionuclides Rule 2003 Arsenic Rule 2006/2007 (depending on source water ) Lead and Copper Rule 1994

15 Collection schedule is based on the commencement of monitoring requirements. Startup activities are typically completed prior to these dates.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

62 

### 6 **ESTIMATING BURDEN AND COST OF COLLECTION** This section estimates the burden and cost to PWSs, primacy agencies, and EPA for complying with drinking water information collection requirements associated with chemical contaminant

- related rulemakings. These rulemakings include the following

— 1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection By products Rule 2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection By products Rule 3) Chemical Phase Rules 4) Radionuclides 5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the Surface Water Treatment Rule 16 6) Arsenic Rule 7) Lead and Copper Rule 17 This section also discusses the assumptions used to estimate burden and costs and describes the change in annual burden, as compared with the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. This ICR updates the annual burdens and costs associated with these rulemakings for January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2014

. EPA is committed to accuratel y characterizing the burden and costs of rules it promulgates. Consequently , EPA has refined some of the assumptions for calculating the burden and costs associ ated with implementing the drinking water regulations contained in this I CR. For this update, man y assumptions were revised based on program changes and well

documented changes in some data. To provide a comparable basis on which to calculate the require ments addressed by the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR and to address inconsistencies, EPA applied uniform assumptions to all rules. The categories of assumptions are listed below.

 Labor rates

— for PWSs, $ 2010 labor rate of $ 20

. 24 was obtained from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) . An overhead rate of 60 percent was applied, resulting in an hourly

rate of $ 32

. 38 . F or State s, $ 2010 labor rate of $ 27

. 37 was obtained from the BLS . An overhead rate of 60 percent was applied, resulting in an hourly rate of $ 43

. 7 9

.
 PWS inventory

figures from the most recent frozen SDWI S database pull (October 2010 )

.
 Number of entry

points

—data from the 2006 CWSS

.
 Number of plants

—data from the 2006 CWSS. In addition, EPA revised some of the estimates of burden for particular activities (e.g., sampling, developing reports) to reflect consultations with representatives of PWSs and States (see section 3(c).

16 The remaining SWTR requirements are included in the Microbial Rules ICR.

17 Includes LCR Short

- term revisions.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

63 **6(a) Respondent Burden**  **6(a)(i) Burden to Publ**  **ic Water Systems** The annual PWS burden for January 1, 2012, through Decemb er 31, 2014, is estimated to be approximately 3,787,528 hours. Exhibit 7 (at the end of Section 6(b)) shows the annual burden hours on a rule

- specific basis. Wherever possible, activity

- level burden assumptions were carried forward from previous I CRs. However, if updated data were available (e.g., s ys tem inventories , results of consultations on burden ), those data were used in burden calculations. Appendices B through H show the assumptions and detailed burden calculations for each rule. The following further describes the bases for the burden estimates for each rule. 1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule Activities associated with the Stage 1 DBPR account for 596,454 annual burden hours. The assumptions used to calculate the Stage 1 DBPR burden are based largely on assumptions from the September 1998 In formation Collection Request for the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection By products Rule (Stage 1 DBPR ICR). The burden for s ystems includes only monitoring. The specific burden for monitoring includes the following

—

 Paired TTHM/HAA5

 Alkalinity

and paired TOC

 Bromate

 Chloride Dioxide

 Chlorite (both daily

and monthly

monitoring)

 Chlorine or chloramines (in the distribution system) 18 At this point, reduced monitoring burden has not been estimated for the a bove contaminants, with the exception of alkalinity and paired TOC monitori ng, which carried forward reduced monitoring rate estimates from the September 1998 Stage 1 DBPR I CR. Note that compliance monitoring for TTHM and HAA5 under the Stage 2 DBPR begi ns during this ICR period. The I CR for the Stage 2 DBPR accounts for any additional monitoring that may be required on top of that already required for Stage 1, as discussed in the section below. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR and this ICR. Detailed burden and cost calculations for the Stage 1 DBPR are provided in Appendix B.

18 Includes costs for ground water systems only. Disinfectant residual monitoring and associated activities for surface water systems are addressed by the SWTR.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

64 2) Stage 2 Disinf

ectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule Over the 3 ye ars covered by this ICR, the total national respondent burden to PWSs is estimated at 92,526 labor hours, an annual average of 30,842 hours (see Exhibit 7 ). Note that rule implementation and IDSE activities were completed during the previous I CR period, as were Stage 2 compliance monitoring plans. The next two sections describe the burden estimates for the current I CR period in greater detail.
Additional Routine Monitoring Sy stems will begin conduct ing additional routine compliance monitoring during this ICR period

. This monitoring is in addition to monitoring required under the Stage 1 DBPR (note that many s ys tems will not be subject to any additional mo nitoring). The burden for monitoring takes into account an y changes in TTHM and HAA5 monitoring requirements resulting from the initial distribution system evaluation conducted during the previous ICR period. Large s ys tems will begin compliance monitoring in Year 7 o r 8 following promulgation

. If small PWSs conducted Cryptosporidium monitoring under the LT2ESWTR, compliance with the Stage 2 MCLs, with the sampling sites determined under the IDSE, will begin in Year 9 following promulgation. If small PWSs did not cond uct monitoring for the LT2ESWTR, they must comply

with the Stage 2 MCL s with the sampling sites determined under the IDSE in Year 8 following promulgation. E stimated costs and burden are presented in Exhibits 13a through 13c of Appendix C

. Systems with O

perational Evaluations An operational evaluation must include an examination of distribution system operational practices and how these practi ces may be modified to reduce TTHM and HAA5 levels. Sy stems must discuss their evaluations with the State. C ost s for operational evaluations are presented in Exhibit 13 of Appendix C . Systems with operational evaluations will incur costs in the year that the operational level is exceeded. This will begin once s ys tems have 1 ye ar worth of compliance monitoring dat a, which will occur between Years 7 and 9 following promulgation

. 3) Chemical Phase Rules PWS a ctivities associated with the Chemical Phase Rules account for a burden of 365,561 hours per ye ar. The burden estimate includes routine and reduced sampling for IOCs, VOCs, and SOCs under the schedules dictated b y the SMF. The assumptions used to calculate the Chemical Phase Rule burden are based on assumptions from the 1993 PWSS Program ICR, which maintained most assumptions and burden estimates from the individual I CRs for the Phase II, IIB, and V rules, with an adjustment to the waiver rate assumptions (in the 200 4 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR) to more accuratel y reflect actual waive r i ssuance rates. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR and this ICR. Appendix D summarizes the assumptions used to calculate the Chemical Phase Rule burden and provides the detailed burden and cost calculations.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

65 4) Radionuclides Rule Annual PWS burden for the Radionuclides Rule is estimated to be 14,448 hours ; this is based on burden assumptions carried forward from the 200 0 Radionuclides Rule I CR. Monitoring burden is for the fo llowing contaminants

—

 Gross a lpha

 Beta and photon emitters

 Combined r adium

- 226/

- 228

 Uranium Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the radionuclides burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR and this I CR . Calculations for burden and costs for the Radionuclides Rule are included in Appendix E. 5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under the SWTR As stated previo usl y, this I CR includes burden estimates only for the disinfection resi dual monitoring and associated activities required under the SWTR. The Microbial Rules I CR addresses the burden and costs for all other SWTR requirements. Implementation of the SWTR disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities is estimated to result in an annual PWS burden of 1,039,257 hours. Included in the estimate is burden for

—

 Distribution sy stem residual monitoring.

 Calculation of inactivation ratio using CT values for unfiltered s ys tems

.
 Measurement of pH and temperature, as necess ary to calculate CT

.
 Entry point residual monitoring for filtered s ys tems.

 Entry point residual monitoring for unfiltered s ys tems. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR and this IC R. Appendix F summarizes the assumptions used to calculate the burden for disinfection residual monitoring and associated activities under SWTR and provides the detailed burden and cost calculations. 6) Arsenic Rule This I CR addresses the burden and cost f or arsenic monitoring, reporting, and recordkeeping for 2012 through 2014

. PWSs monitor arsenic in accordance with the standard monitoring framework schedule . Implementation of the Arsenic Rule is estimated to result in an annual PWS burden of 71,761 hour s. Appendix G summarizes the assumptions used to calculate burden for the Arsenic Rule and provides the detailed burden and cost estimates. 7) Lead and Copper Rule The average annual respondent burden is 1,669,205 hours for reporting (including lead service line replacement reporting), recordkeeping, and public education activities of the L CRDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

66 (which includes the LCR short term revisions) . Only CWSs and NTNCWSs incur a burden associated with LCR requirements. The b urden accounts for the provisions of the recent short term revisions , which require that sy stems :

 Take additional tap samples for lead if they are on reduced monitoring and the lead action level of 0.015 mg/L is exceeded.

 Provide revised public education materials according to revised delivery requirements if the lead action level is exceeded, including a statement on lead in the CCR.

 Notify

the State before making long term treatment changes.

 Notify

customers of results of samples taken at customers’ hom es.
 Retest lead service lines previously exempted from replacement if the lead action level is exceeded. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR and this DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR. Appendix H summarizes the assumptions used to calculate the burden for the Lead and Copper Rule and provides the detailed burden and cost estimates. **6(a)(ii) Burden to Primacy Agencies** The annual burden for primacy agencies is estimated to be approximately 1,946,807 hours. Exhibit 8 (at the end of Section 6(b)) shows the annual burden hours on a rule

- specific basis. Many

other State activities, such as compliance assurance and data management, cannot be divided among specific rules and are included in the PWSS Program ICR as general primacy activities. The following briefl y describes the bases for the burden estimates

— 1) Stage 1 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule The annual State burden for the Stage 1 DBPR is expected to be 148,335 hours . This reflects data entry

and recordkeeping burden. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the Stage 1 DBPR burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR and this ICR. Detailed calculations for burden and cost are shown in Appendix B. 2) Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection Byproducts Rule The annual State burden for the Stage 2 DBPR is expected to be 5 0,822 hours. This reflects reporting and recordkeeping burden for maintain ing records and tracking compliance b y sy stems. States are assumed to have already completed their impleme ntation and IDSE oversight activities

. This burden also includes burden for reviewing operation evaluations

. EPA estimates the state burden for reviewing each operational evaluation to be 4 to 8 hours, depending on s ys tem size.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

67 3) Chemical Phase Rules For States, the annual burden associated with the Chemical Phase Rules is estimated to be approximately 1,354,532 hours . This reflects reporting and recordkeeping burden for routine and reduced sampling for IOCs, VOCs, and SOCs under the schedules dictated by the SMF. Estimates for primacy

agency burden for the Chemical Phase Rules are based on State Workload Model 19 a ssumptions carried forward from the 1993 PWSS Program ICR

. Note that the burden hours as sociated with oversight of arsenic monitoring are discussed separately below . Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the Chemical Phase Rules burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR and this I CR. Detailed calculations for burden and cost are shown in Appendix D

. 4) Radionuclides Rule For the Radionuclides Rule, annual State burden is estimated to be 1,734 hours. The annual State burden is based on burden assumptions contained in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR. Burden is calculated for primacy agency staff for recordkeeping, reporting, and compliance tracking and anal ys is requirements , based on the number of analy ses conducted b y PWSs. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the radio nuclides burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR and this I CR. Calculations for cost and burden for the Radionuclides Rule are included in Appendix E. 5) Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under SW TR As stated previous ly , this I CR includes burden estimates for onl y the disinfection residual monitoring and associated activity components of the SWTR. The Microbial Rules I CR addresses the burden and costs for the other SW TR requirements. Implementation of the SWTR disinf ection residual monitoring is expected to result in an annual State burden of 150,462 hours. In cluded in this estimate is burden associated with reviewing data for

—

 Distribution sy stem residual monitoring.

 Calculation of inactivation ratio using CT valu es.

 Measurement of pH and temperature, as necessary to meet requirements.

 Entry point residual monitoring for filtered s ys tems.

 Entry point residual monitoring for unfiltered s ys tems. Estimates for primacy

agency burden for the SWTR are based on assumpti ons carried forward from the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between the burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR and this ICR. Detailed calculations for burden and cost are shown in Appendix F.

19 At the time of developing the 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR , the 1993 State Workload Model was under revision and new burden estimates were not yet available. New burden estimates from the revised State Workload Model will be incorporated into the subsequent DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR

.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

68 6) Arsenic Rule For the Arsenic Rule, annual State burden is estimated to be 18,765 hours. The annual State burden is based on assumptions carried forward from the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR and the 2000 Arsenic Rule I CR

. Burden is calculated for primac y agency staff for oversight of monitoring activities . B urden is based on recordkeeping, reporting, and compliance tracking and anal ys is. Section 6(f) describes the reasons for changes between burden reported in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR and this ICR. Calculations for cost and burden for the Arsenic Rule are included in Appendix G. 7) Lead and Copper Rule EPA estimates that the annual burden incurred b y primacy agencies for activities associated with the lead and copper regulation is approximately 222,157 hours. This estimate includes costs for employinga corrosion control exp ert and costs to review vario us letters and results submitted by

water sy stems in accordance with the L CR. It includes the additional burden associated with the LCR short term revisions, which estimate that States will spend extra time reviewing s ys tems’ plans for changing treatment o r adding a new source. Further detail about these activities and associated burden and costs is provided in Appendix H. **6(b) Respondent Costs**  **6(b)(i) Cost to Public Water Systems**  Exhibit 7 shows the annual costs for PWSs over the three

- year ICR period. Annual costs are estimated at approximately $ 35 0 million, which consists of $ 12 0 million in labor costs, $ 5 million in capital, and $ 2 2 5 million in O&M (numbers may not add due to rounding)

. Labor costs are based on the number of burden hours times the average hourly wage rate, including overhead. In addition to labor costs, there are O&M costs associated with the each of the rules covered b y this ICR. These O&M costs reflect non

- labor c osts associated with sample shipping and analy sis for each of the rules (as well as material costs associated with public education materials and postage) . These costs vary by rule according to the frequency and cost of a particular anal ys is. In addition to O&M costs, the requirements of one rule (i.e., SWTR) result in capital costs to affected PWSs. Capital costs are incurred to buy and replace monitoring equipment necessary for on

- site analy sis of disinfectant residuals and water pH. Capital costs are based on vendor estimates for both in

- line and portable equipment, as required b y regulations. Equipment costs are based on a seven

- ye ar replacement cycle. Details on the labor, capital, and O&M costs associated with each rule can be found in Appendices B through H. **6(b)(ii) Cost to Primacy Agencies** Exhibit 8 shows that the annual cost to primacy agencies is estimated at approximately $ 8 5 million, which is comprised almost exclusively of labor costs. There are some O&M costsDisinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

69 associated with the Lead and Copper Rule ($ 7,324 ). There are no primacy agency capital costs associated with this I CR.

**Exhibit 7**

**Annual PWS Burden and Cost January 1, 2012** 

**– December 31, 2014** 

**An nua**  **l La**  **bo r**  **Co st**  **($ K)**  **Annua l** 

**O&M C**  **os t**  **($K) Annua**  **l**

**Ca pi** **ta l**  **Co st**  **($K) To**  **ta l** 

**Annua l**  **Co st**  **($K )**  St ag e 1 DBP R 596,454 $19,316 $91,817 $- $111,132 2, 048,521 St ag e 2 DBP R 30,842 $1,049 $3,525 $- $4,574 13,411 Ch em ic al Ph as es Ru le s (Ph as es II/ IIB/V ) 365,561 $11,838 $70,936 $- $82,774 521,256 Ra dionuc lid es Ru le 14,448 $468 $2,828 $- $3,296 28,896 Dis in fe ctant Re sidual Moni torin g an d Asso ciated Ac ti

vi ties unde r SW TR 1, 039,257 $33,655 $50,055 $4,984 $88,694 8, 851,607 Arse nic Ru le 71,761 $2,324 $1,481 $- $3,805 20,503 Le ad and Co pper

R ule 1, 669,205 $51,742 $4,426 $- $56,168 415,256 **TO TA** **L 3,**  **787, 528**  **$120, 392**  **$ 2**  **25, 068**  **$ 4**  **,9 84**  **$ 3**  **50, 444**  **11, 899,**  **451** No te : Detail may not add ex act ly t o t ot als due

t o rounding

. **Ac tiv**  **ity Annua**  **l**

**Bu rde**  **n Ho**  **ur s**  **Co st** 

**An nua**  **l R esp** **on ses** Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

70 **Exhibit 8 Annual Primacy Agency Burden and Cost**  **January 1,**  **2012**

**– December 31**  **, 2014** 

**6(c) Agency Burden and Costs**  Burden and costs to the Federal government are incurred b y EPA’s drinking water program in Headquarters and EPA Regions to assist States in implementing drinking water regulations. EPA burden and costs fo r on - going general activities for all EPA drinking water regulations (not just those listed in this I CR) are accounted for under the PWSS Program ICR. Burden and costs included in the PWSS Program ICR cover all cross

- cutting (non

- rule specific) regulatory activities associated with compliance tracking, regulatory enforcement, and rule development activities. 20 **6(d) Estimating Respondent Universe and Total Burden and Costs**  Respondents for this I CR include both PWSs and States or other primacy agencies. This ICR estimates that the number of PWS respondents is 152,979 existing PWSs 21 . However, all PWSs are not necessaril y subject to each of the information collection requirements contained in this I CR. The regulations associated with each rule id entify the numbers and ty

pes of PWSs that are subject to each particular provision. In addition to the PWS respondents, this I CR assumes

20 The EPA burden for activities where EPA acts as a primacy agent counts as primacy agency burden and is included in totals for primacy agency burden.

21 Source: SDWIS/FED Data from October 20 10

. **An nua**  **l La**  **bo r**  **Co st**  **($K) Annua**  **l**

**O&M Co**  **st ($K)**  **Annua l**  **Ca pi** **tal Co**  **st ($**  **K) To**  **ta l**  **Annua l** 

**Co st**  **($K)** St age 1 DBPR 148,335 $ 6,496 $ - $ - $ 6,496 49,467 St age 2 DBPR 50,822 $ 2,226 $ - $ - $ 2,226 114 Ch em ic al Ph as es R

ules (Ph as es II/ IIB/ V) 1,354,532 $ 59,318 $ - $ - $ 59,318 565,379 Ra dionucl

id es R ule 1,734 $ 76 $ - $ - $ 76 28,896 Dis in fe ctant Re sidual Moni tor in g an d As so ciated Acti

vi ties under SW TR 150,462 $ 6,589 $ - $ - $ 6,589 172,504 Arse nic Ru le 18,765 $ 822 $ - $ - $ 822 18,765 Le ad and Co pper

Ru le 222,157 $ 9,729 $ 7 $ - $ 9,736 103,250 **TO TAL**  **1, 946,**  **807 $**  **8 5,**  **255 $**  **7 $**  **- $**  **8 5,**  **262 938,** **376** Not e: D et ail may not add ex act ly t o t ot als due t o roundi ng
. **Activ ity**  **An nua**  **l**

**Bu rde**  **n Ho**  **urs Co**  **st**

**An nua**  **l Resp**  **on ses** Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

71 57 primacy

agencies (50 States plus D.C., U.S. Territories, and the Navajo Nation) 22 . Therefore, the total number of r es pondents is 153,036

. The total costs and burden for these respondents are summarized in Exhibits 8 and 9

. EPA costs and burden are detailed in Section 6(c). **6(e) Bottom Line Burden Hours and Costs**  The bottom line burden hours and costs appear in Exhibit 9 . The total annual respondent burden associated with this I CR is estimated to be approximately 5,734,335 hours. The total annual respondent costs are estimated to be $ 4 3 6 million. The approximate annual O&M and capital costs are $ 2 3 0 million ($ 2 2 5 million for O&M and $ 5 million for capital (numbers may not add due to rounding ). This represents the “cost burden” as reported in the OMB inventory

.

22 This is a simplifying assumption. Primacy activities for Wyoming and the District of Columbia are actually im plemented by the respective EPA Regional offices.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

72 **Exhibit 9 Bottom Line Annual Burden and Cost**  **($K) January**  **1, 2012** 

**– December 31, 2014** 

**6(f) Reasons for Change in Burden**  This section presents the change in burden and explains the reasons for the change in burden. The discussion is divided into two parts

–

 Section 6(f)(i) summarizes an y restructuring adjustments being made for the addition of new stand

- alone I CRs to the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR. See Exhibit 11

. **153, 036**  (=) 152,979 (+) Ex

is ti ng PW Ss 57 Prim

acy agencies **12, 837,**  **827** (=) 11,899,451 (+) PW S re sp ons es (s ee Ex hi bi t 7) 938,376 Prim

acy agency re sp ons es (s ee Ex hi bi t 8) **83. 9**  (=) 12,837,827 (/ ) To tal

annua l re sp ons es fro m ab ove 153,036 To tal

annua l re sp ondents fro m ab ove **5, 734,**  **335** (=) 3, 787,528 (+) PW S re sp ons es (s ee Ex hi bi t 7) 1, 946,807 Prim

acy agency re sp ons es (s ee Ex hi bi t 8) **0. 45**  (=) 5, 734,335 (/ ) To tal

annua l re sp ondent hours fro m ab ove 12,837,827 To tal

annua l re sp ons es fro m ab ove **$230, 059**  (=) $225,068 (+) To tal

PW S O&M c os ts (s ee Ex hi bi t 7) $4,984 (+) To tal

PW S c ap it al

c os ts (s ee Ex

hi bi t 7) $7 To tal

p ri ma cy ag ency O&M c os ts (s ee Ex hi bi t 8) **$435, 706**  (=) $350,444 (+) Fo r PW Ss (s ee Ex hi bi t 7) $85,262 Fo r p rim

acy ag en cies (s ee Ex

hi bi t 8) **5, 734,**  **335** (=) 5, 734,335 (+) To tal

annua l re sp ondent hours fro m ab ove

- To tal E PA h ours **$435, 706**  (=) $435,706 (+) To tal

annua l re sp ondent cos t fro m ab ove

- To tal E PA c os t Not e: Detail may not add exact ly t o t ot als due t o rounding

. **Total Annual**  **Re sp** 

**on de**  **nt Cos t**  **(L ab**  **or , Cap**  **it al**  **, and O&**  **M) ($**  **K)**

**Total Annual**  **H**

**our s**  **(r es**  **p. p** 

**lu s**  **Ag en**  **cy )** 

**Total Annual**  **Cos t (r**  **es p.**  **p lu**  **s Ag**  **en cy**  **) ($ K)**  **Annual Num** 

**be r**  **of Re sp** 

**ond en**  **ts**

**Total Annual**  **Re sp** 

**on se**  **s**

**Num be**  **r of Re**  **sp**

**ons es**  **p er**  **Re sp**  **ond en** **t**

**Total Annual**  **Re sp** 

**on de**  **nt H ou**  **rs**

**Ho ur**  **s pe**  **r Re**  **sp**

**on se** 

**Annual O**  **&M**

**and Cap**  **it al**  **Cos t**  **($ K)** Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

73  Section 6(f)(ii) summarizes other adjustments to the annual burden estimates associated with each rule in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR. See Exhibits 1 3 through 1 5

. Exhibit 10 summarizes how each of these changes has affected the overall burden inventory for the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR.

**Exhibit 10 Summary of Changes in Annual Burden**  **(Includes both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)**

**6(f)(i) Restructuring Adjustments**  No restructuring adjustments are being made for the addition of new stand

- alone ICRs to the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR , as shown in Exhibit 11 . In the next revision to the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR an y burden from relevant standalone IC R s that have expired will be newl y incorporated into the DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules I CR. **Type of Change Burden (hours)**  **Running Total Comment** 
Burden Estimated in the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR 6,119,259 6,119,259 This burden serves as the baseline for the 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR.
Restructuring Adjustments

– see Section 6(f)(i) 0 6,119,259 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR is not appended with burden from any new ICRs.
Other Adjustments to Burden

– see Section 6(f)(ii) (384,924) 5,734,335 Burden for which EPA seeks approval in this ICR. Note: Detail may not add exactly to totals due to rounding.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

74 **Exhibit 11 Restructuring Adjustments to the Annual Burden Inventory**  **for the DDBP/Chem/Rads**

**Rules ICR (Includes**  **both PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)**

**6(f)(ii) Other Burden Adjustments**  Changes in calculated burden are a result of updating relevant baseline information for each rule with the most current and accurate information available (e.g., PWS inventories) and updating burden to incorporate the results of consultation with stakeholders . Where appropriate and available , estimated violation, waiver, and other associated rates have also been updated to reflect current informati on on rule c ompliance. Exhibits 1 3 and 1 4 summarize reasons for these changes and quantify

the changes b y rule. Burden adjustments associated with PWS activities resulted in a burden decrease of 295,912 hours and are detailed in Exhibit 12 . Burden adjus tments for primacy

agencies result in a dec rease of 89,012 hours per year, as sho wn in Exhibit 13

.

**Action Annual Burden Hours**  **Brief Explanation** N/A 5,734,335 Inventory for the 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR carried forward as the baseline for 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR **(includes PWS, State, and EPA burden)** 
Add 0 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR is not appended with burden from any new ICRs. **Total 5,734,335**  **2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR inventory based on current burden**  **inventories**Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

75 **Exhibit 1 2**  **Adjustments to PWS Burden from Previous ICR Estimates**

**Activity Previous Annual** 

**Burden Estimate (hours)**  **2012 Annual**

**Burden Estimate (Hours)**  **Annual Change in**

**Burden (Hours)**  **Reason for Change in Annual Burden** Stage 1 DBPR 503,145 596,454 93,309 The increase in burden hours is attributable to the use of updated sy stem inventories, numbers of entry points per system, and percentages of sy stems disinfecting, all of which are used to calculate monitoring costs. There was also a slight increase in burden due incorporation of consultation results. Stage 2 DBPR 324,108 30,842 (293,266) The decrease in burden hours is attributable to the completion of various activities required in the first 6 years after promulgation. Implementation, IDSEs, and monitoring plans were all completed during the previous ICR period. Chemical Phases Rules (Phases II/IIB/V) 404,751 365,561 (39,190) The decrease in PWS burden is attributable to a combination of updated sy stem inventories and entry points per sy stem used to calculate monitoring costs. Radionuclides 35,278 14,448 (20,830) The decrease in burden is attributable to the fact that many systems only have to monitor every 6 or 9 years and do not have to take samples during this ICR period. Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under SWTR 1,013,976 1,039,257 25,281 The increase in burden is attributable to the use of updated system inventories and entry points per system to calculate monitoring costs. Arsenic Rule 98,735 71,761 (26,974) The decrease in PWS burden is attributable to a combination of updated sy stem inventories and entry points per sy stem used to calculate monitoring costs. Also, the number of samples decreased from the previous ICR period; the previous period included burden for systems exce eding the MCL and taking quarterly samples for a year before returning to compliance. Lead and Copper Rule 1,703,448 1,669,205 (34,243) The decrease in burden is attributable to the use of updated system inventories and data on action level exceedances, as well as updates to and QA of the model. **TOTAL 4,083,440**  **3,787,528 (295,912)**  **Adjusted PWS Burden**Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

76 **Exhibit 13 Adjustments to Primacy Agency Burden from Previous ICR Estimates** 

Exhibit 1 4 shows the affect of these adjustments on the bottom line burden. Subtracting 295,912 h ours to account for the adjustment for the PWS burden and 89,012 hours to account for the downward adjustment for the primacy burden yields 5,734,335 hours. **Activity Previous Annual** 

**Burden Estimate (hours)**  **2012 Annual**

**Burden Estimate (Hours)**  **Annual**

**Change in Burden**  **(Hours) Reason for Change in Annual Burden** 

Stage 1 DBPR 145,168 148,335 3,167 The increase in burden hours is attributable to the use of updated system inventories and entry points per system to calculate monitoring burden, and State burden is based on system burden.

Stage 2 DBPR 29,511 50,822 21,311 The increase in burden hours is attributable to the need for states to oversee compliance monitoring, which begins in 2012. Chemical Phases Rules (Phases II/IIB/V) 1,354,532 1,354,532 0 The State burden for this rule is based on the State Workload Model, which has not changed.

Radionuclides 4,233 1,734 (2,499) The decrease in burden is attributable to the fact that many systems only have to monitor every 6 or 9 years and do not have to take samples during this ICR period; State burden is based on system burden.

Disinfectant Residual Monitoring and Associated Activities under SWTR 271,310 150,462 (120,848) Because total SWTR primacy agency burden is derived from the State Workload Model, a single burden value is given for the SWTR. Therefore, in order to estimate burden for SWTR activities covered under this ICR, burden hours were apportioned based on the relative proportion of burden hours for PWS activities covered under this ICR and the Microbial Rules ICR.

Arsenic Rule 28,210 18,765 (9,445) The decrease in burden is attributable to a decrease in the system burden; state burden is based on system burden. System burden decreased due to a combination of updated system inventories and entry points per system used to calculate monitoring costs. Also, the number of samples decreased from the previous ICR period; the previous period included burden for systems exceeding the MCL and taking quarterly samples for a year before returning to compliance. Lead and Copper Rule 202,855 222,157 19,302 The increase in burden is due to updates to and QA of the model. **TOTAL 2,035,819**  **1,946,807 (89,012)**  **Adjusted Primacy Agency Burden** Note: Detail may not add exactly to totals due to rounding.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

77 **Exhibit 14 Adjustments to Annual Burden Carried Forward from Previous ICR Estimates**  **(Includes bo**  **th PWS and Primacy Agency Burden)**

**6(g) Burden Statement**  The public reporting burden for collections included in this I CR is detailed in Exhibit 14 above. The annual respondent b urden is estimated to average approximately 5,734,335 hours, of which 3,787,528 hours are attributable to PWSs and 1,946,807 hours to primacy agencies (numbers may

not add due to rounding) . These estimates include time for gathering information as well as developing and maintain ing records. Burden means the total time, effort, or financial resources expended b y people to generate, maintain, retain, disclose, or provide information to or for a Federal agency . This includes the time needed to review instructions; develop, acquire, install, and utilize technology , and sy stems for the purposes of collecting, validating, and verifying information, processing and maintaining information, and disclosi ng and providing information; adjust the existing way s to comply with an y previously

applicable instructions and requirements; train personnel to be able to respond to a collection of information; search data sources; complete and review the collection of information; and transmit or otherwise disclose the information. An agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a request for information collection unless it displays a currentl y valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for EPA’s regulations are listed in 40 CFR Part 9 and 48 CFR Chapter 15. To comment on the Agency's need for this information, the accuracy of the provided burden estimates, and any suggested methods for minimizing respondent burden, including th e use of automated collection techniques, EPA has established a public docket for this I CR under Docket ID Number EPA

- HQ

- OW

- 2011

- 0439 , which is available for online viewing at www.regulations.gov , or in person viewi ng at the Water Docket in the EPA Docket Center (EPA/DC), EPA West, Room 3334, 1301 Constitution Ave., NW, Washington, DC. The EPA Docket Center Public Reading Room is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday , excluding legal holiday s. The t elephone number for the Reading R oom is (202) 566

- 1744, and the telephone number for the Water Docket is (202) 566

- 2426. An electronic version of the public docket is available at www.regulations.gov . This site can be used to submit or view public comments, to access the index listing of the contents of the public docket, and to access **Action Annual Burden Hours**  **Brief Explanation** None 6,119,259 2008 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR inventory based on current burden inventories (see Exhibit 11). Add (295,912) Adjustment to the PWS burden carried forward from previous ICRs (see Exhibit 12). Add (89,012) Adjustment to the primacy agency burden carried forward from previous ICRs (see Exhibit 13). **Total 5,734,335**  **Hours requested in 2012 DDBP/Chem/Rads Rules ICR.**  Note: Detail may not add exactly to totals due to rounding.Disinfectants/Disinfection Byproducts, Chemical, and Radionuclides Rules ICR September 2011

78 those documents in the public docket that are available electronicall y. When in the system, select “search,” then key

in the Docket I D Number identified above. Also, you can send comments to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Office of Management and Budget, 725 17th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20503, Attention: Desk Office r for EPA. Please include the EPA Docket ID Number EPA

- HQ

- OW

- 2011

- 0439 and the OMB Control Number 2040

- 0204 in an y correspondence.