II s yui, no. s

THE NRO STAFF

46)-NATIONAL RECONNAISSANCE OFFICE

WASHINGTON. D.C.

mummiggpissi

20 January 1976

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MEMORANDUM FOR MR. PLUMMER

SUBJECT: NRO Point Papers

At the right are the five following NRO point papers:

The Role of the DNRO

Streamlined Management - Control Within the NRO

Congressional Relations (The Old and the Developing

Environment)

Security of the NRP Including 'Fact Of"/Facts About

e. The Role of the NRP ExCom

These are for your use in discussing the unique role of-)

the NRO with senior levels of management.

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Colonel, USAF

Director
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THE ROLE OF THE DNRO

By a DOD/CIA Agreement and DOD Directive, the DNRO is

responsible for the day-to-day management and conduct of the

NRP. The NRP is based upon a single charter which makes its •

mission unambiguous. The NRO is a separate operating Agency

of the DOD and can make use of DOD services. The DNRO's role

in the NRP can be considered analogous to that of a corporate

president of a company.

External to the NRO 

Developing the corporation analogy, the DNRO responds to

a "board of directors level" composed of three parts. In the ,

first part, the DNRO looks to the SecDef for policy guidance

. - and decisions since the SecDef is the NRP executive agent. In

the second part, the DCI,through the USIB mechanism, provides

to the DNRO national requirements which NRP space systems.should

fulfill. And third, the DNRO receives program resource allocation

directives from the ExCom as well as direction as to the pace to

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be maintained regarding various projects within the NRP.

Internal to the NRO 

The DNRO has an interagency staff and his own Comptroller and

three program offices to aid him. His line organizations (in the

corporation analogy--and military sense--too) report directly to

him. The variety of managerial tools that he has to fulfill his

responsibilities are unique and essential (streamlined management)

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. in order for the NRP to continue to fulfill its role effectively

and efficiently.

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STREAMLINED MANAGEMENT - CONTROL WITHIN THE NRO

The concept of "streamlined management" provides the essential management and operation within the NRO to assume timely

and effective management, command and control of NRP resources.

"Streamlined management" consists of the following methods:

The DNRO presently has resource allocation authority

within a fenced budget. This provides him budgetary flexibility.

The DNRO has direct access to his line organize-

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tion elements. This short vertical up and down chain makes his

programs highly responsive and makes him directly accessible to

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his program managers.

-.-----. c. The DNRO controls end-to-end system contracting and

- procedures which, therefore, makes it responsive.

d. The NRP enjoys strict internal review by select

audit organizations and personnel. This limits indiscriminate

reviews by any number of agencies that might feel a necessity

to intervene in NRP matters.

a. The special security required for collection system

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protection provides a management spinoff by allowing conduct of

NRP system acquisition, conduct and operations in, essentially,

a sanctuary environment. This environment prevents unwarranted

external intrusion into NRP activities.

f. As a national organization, the NRO is integrated

and interagency manned by highly qualified personnel motivated

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by the NRP mission to provide the necessary objectivity to

their decision makers. Historically, the program has been

marked by a high stability in personnel manning, which has

been beneficial to continuity and effectiveness. This stability

accrues from the high program priority.

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CONGRESSIONAL RELATIONS

(THE OLD AND THE DEVELOPING ENVIRONMENT)

Old Environment 

Congressional reviews of the NRP budget are at the total

program level displayed by appropriation. The frequency, level

of detail, and committee member participation of NRP budget

reviews are determined by the Chairmen of the Congressional Armed

Services and Appropriation Committees. By the DOD/CIA Agreement,

all NRP budgets identify those funds to be applied to R&D, exploratory design development, system development, procurement and

operational activities. •

In exception to traditional procedures:

The NRP receives no O&M funding.

A total system development, acquisition and operation concept is applied on most NRP satellite systems and-affects

contracting procedures.

c. Incremental funding is applied to all NRP major

system contracts.

Developing Environment 

Budget constraints and increasing emphasis on intelligence

activities have lead to closer scrutiny by Congress. Based on

the expressed desire for detailed NRP•information in support of

the FY 77 NRP request, the following should be anticipated:

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Bearings which focus on detailed discussion and

justification of each program and program segment. Concurrency

of effort and threat/need may be prime topics. •

A significant increase in staff questions and

briefings prior to hearings addressing the detailed justification material forwarded the Congress.

Al potential significant increase in inserts for

the record stemming from unanswered questions during hearings

or questions not addressed due to Congressional time constraints;

Detailed, specific program and/or funding guidance/

constraints by the Congress on individual programs, which may

eliminate DNRO and ExCom reprogramming flexibility inherent in

our streamlined management needs.

e. A follow-on requirement to more closely track pro- .

gram changes in out-years (FY 78 and future) to what was presented in detail in FY 77.

- .---.Based on the above, NRP time and manpower requirements on

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Congressional matters may increase significantly and essential

program flexibility may erode.

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SECURITY OF THE NRP INCLUDING "FACT OF"/FACTS ABOUT

Extraordinary security has been employed regarding U.S.

satellite reconnaissance since its inception.

One -reason for the security measures has been to prevent

the disclosure of "facts about" our high quality (and quantity)

reconnaissance capability to our adversaries.

It is security policy that there shall be no public, official 

acknowledgement of the "fact of" satellite reconnaissance. Keeping

the "fact of" classified preludes discussions which could result

in possible international reactions or repercussions by adversaries

or even allies or friendly nations. The exact potential consequences' of open acknowledgement are unknown but they could be

dire regarding continued conduct of the program. And, satellite

systems are vulnerable to a variety of attacks or countermeasures.

The present space reconnaissance environment consists of a

tacit agreement by the U.S. and USSR to engage in space reconnaissance activities in an unopposed environment. Since it is estimated tha ercent of the military intelligence data about

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Russia (an percent about China) is obtained by U.S. reconnaissance satellites, it profits the U.S. to continue a policy for

the foreseeable future that allows such lucrative intelligence

collection to continue.

Present security policy is simple--no public discussion.

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IND THE ROLE OF THE NRP EXCOM

The NRP ExCom was established, and composition of its

membership determined, by Presidential direction in 1964. The

reason for its establishment was to replace the system of DOD

and CIA NRP monitors which were chartered in the 1962 and 1963

DOD/CIA Agreements. The individual agency monitors concept

interfered with the direct chain of command established for the

management and conduct of the NIP.

The ExCom acts for the SecDef and is established to:

Recommend to SecDef the overall appropriate level

of effort for the NRP in responding to requirements in light

of technical capabilitiesand fiscal limitations.

Approve or modify the consolidated NRP and its

budget.

• c. Approve the allocation of responsibility and the

associated funds for R&D for new systems.

Approve the allocation of development responsibilities and corresponding funds to the appropriate NRO Program

Office.

Review the essential features of the major program

elements of the NRP.

The ExCom is presently composed of the DCI, acting as

Chairman and the ASD(I) who represents the SecDef. In years

past, the committee included the President's Scientific Advisor

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until that position was abolished. The ASD(I) replaced the

DepSecDef who was Chairman until 1971.

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