NRO APPROVED FOR 

RELEASE 1 JULY 2015 

14 41" 

" fi RYPAY 

17:( 

September 27, 1966 

MEMORANDUM FOR GMERAL EVANS 

SUBJECT: MOL Mission Planning and Generalized Target Model 

In response to your memo of August 10, this report summarizes 

the current status and planned activity of efforts concerned with 

the Dom, operational mission definition, development, and implementation. An integral part of that effort is the generation of a 

MOL Generalized Target Model, and its status and future activity 

is also reported herein. Recommendations are included for further 

action on both subjects. The status of astronaut training plans 

will be submitted separately by Captain Goolsby. 

•11■11111alliMMIMIP 

nnlgIES14....1111aaion planning 

Organization and Plan 

A summary of an agreement between General Berg and General 

Martin accomplished on July 11, 1966 is attached. This agreement 

define* the respective organizational roles and responsibilities 

of the MOL Systems Office and SAFSP and provides an activation 

schedule for MOL mission operation plenutng and implementation. 

Although we are free to have access to copies of the agreement, 

we have been advised that it is a "West Coast internal document" 

and as such it is not appropriate to furnish copies for our use. 

We had not been aware of the existence of this agreement up to 

this time. 

0111■••••••••■■•• 

■■••■•■•■■••■■••1 

DORI/ .11fP'Infilla 144 MAI tt 

EXCLUDED FROM AUTOMATIC REGRADINGi 

DOD DIR. 5200.10 DOES NOT APPLY PAW 1 of 6 pages 

CoPri of 5 copies 

SAM' 35=11 L. 45 
NRO APPROVED FOR 

RELEASE 1 JULY 2015 

r-Fr. •."7". 777'1 

‘t?'A 

EilrEION 

C011trd System 

The planned orgenization for ROL operations as defined in 

the agreement and as interpreted seems adequate from our Hest 

Coast standpoint except in the area of integration of targeting 

teaks not now performed by the DUO. This include* 

astronomical Observation and scientific and other 

observations of "other than denied" areal. The exclusion of these 

possible Not functions appears to be only an oversight in the 

preparation of the agreement. Since these tasks are all concerned 

with national intelligence requirements, they should also be 

validated by the OMB (camoR) and implm:lented by tasking the ROL 

operational orgenixstion as defined in the sgreement.However, 

additional clarification as to who is responsible for generating 

intelligence requirements procedures for sUbmission to CORM and 

the role of the Satellite Operations Center (SAFSS-4) mey be 

necessary. 

Opsrational Planning AqIilitly 

As per the July 11 agreement, Lt Henry of Colonel Nbrgen's 

office (SL-7) has been assigned to and it is anticipated 

that Captain Ackerson will also be assigned shortly. The implicsm 

tions and reporting arrangements, associated with these assignments 

are not known. Lt Henry has been concerned with resolving the 

differences between the target models used by the Not Systems Office/ 

Aerospace and SAYSS4 during the recent menned/unmanned comparison 

studies. This effort was requested by General Berg and has resulted 

in a plan to again task DIA (frau Not Systems Office through SAMS) 

for an updated Not target model. Lt Colonel Gerald Chapman, Defense 

Intelligence Agency, Special Activities Office (DIAXX) is 'ware of 

this plan and would look to NOL Bast Coast for guidance in assoaletime and criteria pertaining to system capability and use. The 

target model mad be submitted to CON by DIA to seek total 

intelligence community acceptance as atruly representative ROL 

photographic collection requirement. This procedure appears satisfactory but will require considerable monitoring by all concerned 

to assure an imaginative approach by DIA and to eliminate biasing 

influences. 

Colonel Moran plans to develop a NOL operational caeability 

model which will exploit the capability of the Not photographic 

system to reveal pre-development weapon system activity. Where present 

satellite photography primarily results only in intelligence concerning 

testing, production, and deployment of weapon systems, the capability 

model will give examples of basic and applied research revealed by 

the high resolution photography leading to earlier and more complete 

knowledge of weapon system performance. Contractor participation is 

• 

rint7r 7.1 

rs! 

evimolr 

0!AO a se:0 

Page 2 of 6 pages 

ceiriy of 5 copies 

SAPSL I 

) -3 -6 6 

if 1 
NRO APPROVED FOR 

RELEASE 1 JULY 2015 SECRET Fiat);v YEMAN 

CoEtr..i ‘steal 

anticipated for this effort but no schedule has yet been defined. 

Such a modal when given to using agencies should etimulato the 

generation of useful technical intelligence requirements previously 

not considered applicable to overhead reconnaissance systems. 

Other Operational planning activity includes visits by 

Colonel Morgan's people to the Satellite Operations Center (Pentagon) 

and to the STC for indoctrination into present satellite operatiOns. 

A study of the communication facilities necessary for MOL operatiOns 

is presently being conducted by communication people from SAFSS. 

No further work is planned an the West Cant to refine the "6ocon 

target deck used in the comparisen study or to develop a new one. 

Several efforts concerning generation of a MOL Generalized 

Target Model have been and are being conducted. These will be 

discussed individnally as to status snd future activity. As a 

result of all of these efforts, the people and agencies contacted 

have gained en appreciation of the unique features of the MOIL 

reconnaissance system which dictate new methods and formats in 

specifying intelligence requirements. 

DIA Target Models 

Two target models have been received frOn DIA to diste as a 

result of the DNRO request of July 1965. The first consisted of 

a listing of 2986 objectives selected from the current (at that 

time) Priority Reconnaissance Objective and Future Strategic rget 

lists and requiring overhead photcgrepby of 

resolution. The second. model consisted of 361 objectives representing 

a refinement of the first model primarily by limiting the resolution 

to and by listing only one target in a multi-target 

complex such as an ICBM site. Both models were used subsequently 

in the comparison study analysis by combining them with current 1-7 

target deck*. Neither model cOntained requirement information 

peculiar to MOL capabilities such as multiple stereo, black and white/ 

color codbinetion, multiple coverage during a 30-day period, rapid 

readout, visual Observation, active target selection., etc. As 

discussed in the previous section On mission planning, a revised 

MOL target model will be requested of DIA. We shall provide inputs 

as necessary and will closely monitor the model development and 

its subsequent review by the COMOR. 

pAr.' 1 rA'Vl 

■:kiA 

r,j LE Ui 

Page 3 of 6 pages 

Copy,,5 of 5. e0Pies 

SAFSL DAL 

-5-T-- :24 --Ce • 
. . ,:i.",1. 7 

NRO APPROVED FOR 

RELEASE 1 JULY 2015 

SECRET 

SAC Target Model 

As a result of the task we levied on SAC earlier this year, 

SAC has submitted three target listings representing their 

intelligence requirements collectable by.meane Of satellite 

reconnaissance: 

1. 4500 ;we-hoetility (Geld-war) targets, constituting 

the SAC Priority Reconnaissance Objective List, 233 of which 

have been submitted to DIA for nomination to CONCH. Six 

descriptive esnnyles of specific target categories with Justification for high resolution photography in 

each are included. Individual description and justification 

for photographic coverage (net resolution) is contained on the 

233 CCSSDB list. 

2. 436 warning surveillance (crisis) targets distributed 

in seven geOgraphieel areas. Night exoncles are cited for target 

categories for which resolutions of are desired. 

3. 8175 National Strategic Reconnaissance (general war) 

targets with no specific justification called out for high resolution 

photography. 

None of these lists can be incorporated into a MOL Generalized 

Target Magi without reviewing each objective individually for 

specific high-resolution requirement. As in the DIA motels, these 

listings contain no requirement informatiempecullar to the NCI, 

System unique capabilities. Due to limited DORIAN clearances within 

the SAC Headquarters, it is doubtful whether requirements more fnlly 

utilizing the MOL System flexibility and unique cv‘pebilitlea could 

be Obtained by further tasking. At this juncture, it seems mew* 

useful to enter discussions, possibly by "out-out" procedures, and 

consider SAC collectiOn req;uirements on an individual basis. 

AMIN Partielpation 

To date no target lists or general intelligence requirement 

data has been received from AFNIN as a result of our disaussiOns 

with then. ROwever, Lt Colonel Goodfellaw has recently been assigned 

this project by Colonel Koller On a near full-time basis. Ea hal 

proven very cooperative, seems to the prOblem, and is 

well versed in the intelligence community environment. 14 Colonel 

Goodfellow is presently on MY visiting intelligence using agenciee 

and will attempt to develop their requirements in a manner suitable 

for specification in a MOL Generalised Target &del. Lt CnIoneI 

Goodfellow is working as a "out-out" in this respect. We will 

continue to work natively with AMIN in this manner. 

Page 14 or 6 pages 

Corti of 5 copies 

sAISL SWUM 

• 

.01Liu4 
NRO APPROVED FOR 

RELEASE 1 JULY 2015 

.:acilriz BYEiryiAN 

Contro! Sys'-.:2ra 

Other Target *del Activity 

A report entitled "A GIbbal Target Model for Mission 

Simulation and Analysis, dated Ray 1966, has been obtained 

from the SAC Astronautic Technology and Applications Office. 

The total global land moos was analyzed as to Ipover potential" 

(and hence interest to the United States) by country/areas, 

first quantitatively by population/irea weighting and then 

qualitatively by economic, geographic, and political renters. 

By this method a model listing eons 120,00 target areas distributed 

according to "power potential" yes developed which is relatively 

insensitive to time. Although it provides no input for specific 

target lintel the techniques and concepts used in its development 

may prove useful. 

Lt Colonel Egbert Clark of the Army Assistant C/S Intelligence 

Office was briefed on the NICL Generalized Tergot Model concept and 

requirement and was asked to provide tactical and battlefield 

surveillance requirement°. Adoeument defining Combat Commanders 

Information Needs was Obtained fro:whim which specifies priority, 

location accuracy, timeliness of detection and reporting, as well 

as detailed infOrmation required of various target categories for 

all echelons of coMbat commanders in field ennies. In general, . 

thee* requirements could not be satisfied photogrephically by the 

ROL System without direct readout to the battlefield. 

No Inputs to the ROL Generalized Target Nadel have yet been' 

Obtained from NASA (Ihr. Newell) on scientific intelligence requirements 

or from AP Systems Commend (MO) on economic targets. 

Reermendstiona 

In order to monitor and advance the efforts concerned with 

ØZ operational mission Aiming and the development of a useful 

MOL Generalized Target Medal, it is recommended that: 

1. A noWber of our Mission Planning or Test °planation* 

Division be appointed as an active amiber of the Operations Working 

Group (see attachment 1). 

2. Responsibilities of the Mission Planning Division be 

clarified with respect to contact with the DIA formatters dealing 

with system capabilities definition and use in the DIA efforts in 

the generation of a new MOL Target MOdel, and its review by the COMM 

Assistance in guidance at DIA would be requested of Colonel Morgan 

and Coll Duman as appropriate. 

BRUT 

Hardev MU! • 

CmIn7d Systci 

Page 5 of 6 pages 

Capy3 of 5 copies 

SA INISPIM 

/-3 

1 
, ela • ■ " LAW o'• 

• IS •411 .

- - :

NRO APPROVED FOR 

RELEASE 1 JULY 2015 

3. The Mission Planning Division be authorized to 

Investigate the arganization and implications of, procedures 

necessary for generatics, validation, and collection of 

intelligence requirements in the areas of astrcomical observation, 

and scientific and.eccoomic observation other 

than in denied areas. 

LS S. NOMA JR. 

Colonel, USAF 

Mission Planning Division 

1 Atch 

s/s 

Col Haas/SAF-SLM/55674/27Sep66/szns 

Copies to: SAP-SLM File 

SAF-SL 4<agg■a+4K 

SCG Read 

Captain Goolsby 

r It I 

fltiQ Systel!1 SECRET 

Page 6 of 6 *gee 

COPY of 5 copies 

MENZIAL 

/ -46 

0-1 '

Oil ET 
NRO APPROVED FOR 

RELEASE 1 JULY 2015 3!f 

1' 

of J 11 1 • • Int Between SAFSL-1 and SAFSP 

Purpose: To define an orderly sequence of events which will 

provide for the definition, dovelogment and implementation of 

a ?.EL Operations capability. 

Authority: Deputy Director of MOL is responsible for the overall 

mission operations and planning for and exercise of on-orbit 

control that is responsive to DMR0 tasks. An interface with WISP 

has been established to help determine and develop mission planning, 

support tools (coawmters), communications, liaison with the intellienet commmity, and command/control software. This support will 

continue until the WOL counterpart is capable (as determined by the 

Deputy Director, MOL). 

Concept: 

1. Define, develop and implement a MOL operations capability 

with particular attention to commonality foramina and unmanned 

missions and considering all failure modes. 

2. Provide support for all user requirement categories with 

emphasis on man'. capabilities. 

3. Recognize the unique intelligence feedback capability of 

MOL, and provide the facilities and procedures necessary to fully 

utilize it. 

Implementation: 

1. The responsible office is SA7SL-7 with assisting. 

2. An Operations Working Group chaired by Sam,-7 will be 

established consisting of interested aeencies and groups which will 

review detailed requirements and criteria for MDL operations capability. 

3. The planned schedule is attached. 

2.. Administrative procedures will be established. 

Bea ibilitiee: (Aerospace support will be arranged to be consistent 

with the division of responsibilities below) 

1. SAFSL-7 shall: 

a. Assign Air Force/Aerospace personnel 

iiiIIIIIAermepace: These people may be utilized in 

tasks in direct stspisf:)101 

EXCLUDED TROM AUTOMiJIC REGRADINa; 

! DOD DID 5200.10 DOTS NOT APPLY 

for indoctrination 

the performance of 

Page 1 of 3 pages 

Copy q of 5 copies 

SAP SL zplammAL 
Page 2 of 3 Ages 

Copy-3 of 5 copies 

SAL -11112SUL 

3 --69fr 

11.1..,•:". 4.1 

1j 

NRO APPROVED FOR 

RELEASE 1 JULY 2015 

v! 

!,*4.31,4 

i'jDU 

b. Identify and provide feeds for the definition, 

development and implementation of the NM operational software 

system. 

e. Provide current MOT) design- requirements. 

2. shall: 

a. Provide a detailed analysis of required manned 

and unmanned operational actions to determine nodes, conditions 

duration and frequency of targeting actions and resources required. 

b. Define criteria for supplemental study and analysis 

for which it nay be necessary to have ctmtractor support. 

c. Provide design criteria (Milestone 1) for the 

development of a MOL operations software aysten (e.g., orbit 

selection, targeting, cue logic, intellieence correlation, etc.). 

d. Provide technical support for idkX operations software 

contract negotiations. 

et. Assess planned capabilities of secure data handling 

systems employed by a common user, other satellite systems and Mad 

and determine their adequacy. 

f. Provide Air Porce/Aerospace membership to the Operations 

Working Croup. 

g.• Provide computer support. 

h. Provide administrative support for 81,4 people assigned 

to as per is above. 

Brig Oen Russell A. Berg 

Brig Oen, John L. Martin, Jr. 

Colonel Thomas W. Micron 

Colonel Kenneth R. Duncan 
NRO ARI5K6VED FOR 

RELEASE 1 JUL 2015 

ate 

0 

4-3 ai 

(1) 

co 

0 

0 

a) 

8 

95% design freeze (ATP -f16 me) 

co 

co 

Ii' 

.f..; 

":44 U)

Ele

rtl r--- 

m. Dev. Sim. available 

Validation Assurance 

SOF Software integ. 4L 0/0 

Co

nduct analysis 

to 

Sr 

ga 

al 

alta 

.--1 

al +1 

+, 

Page 3 of 3 page 

copy3 of 5copie' 

SAFSL 11011WW, 

I - 

qiit -go; 

a) 

t.!) 

a) 

an 

C 

Sr a) 

Modified GROG available