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May 19, 1967 

MEMORANDUM FOR RECORD 

SUBJECT: Presentation of Paper on Unmanned DORIAN System 

to Mr. Michaels 

On 19 May I visited Mr. Bob Michaels, Staff Member of the 

House Appropriations Committee, to deliver upon his request a 

paper on an unmanr1Fd DORIAN system. I remained to answer 

any questions while he was reading it. Having read it, he raised 

the following questions: 

1. How does a man get the information that he has obtained 

from on-board photographic processing to the ground with-TZTiTs 

being intercepted by the enemy? I described to him our secure 

voice system, as well as the differences between a digital and 

analog wideband readout system. 

2. How can a man hope to be able to track and point better 

than a machine with the accuracies required for the MOI, system? 

I explained to him our original concept of manual pointing and 

tracking. Then I described the contributions provided by the 

Image Velocity Sensor and the across-the-format IMC device. 

I also described our present low level of confidence in these 

devices and the methods by which man would be able to overcome 

failures. I also discussed the benefits of man's intelligence 

available in viewing alternate targets while the automatic system 

is operating properly. 

3. How much time is available for picture taking per target, 

and does the astronaut have sufficient time to perform the tracking and pointing functions required? I stated that there are 18-20 

seconds available on each target, depending on its location, and 

that we have done a large amount of simulation work to determine 

man's ability to point and track. We have found that 2-4 seconds 

are required for this function, depending on haze conditions. 

I also stated that simulations have shown that about 6 seconds are 

required for determining special activities at an alternate target 

al.4.. — 

location. A/3t7 

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4. Upon my remarks that this program is moving already 

at a solid pace, which required commitments of large sums of 

money and any funding shortcomings have a serious and costly 

effect on highly complex contractor interactions, he asked how 

the system engineering function was performed. I briefly 

explained the roles of Aerospace Corporation and Douglas 

Corporation in systems integration. 

After having studied the relative schedules of MOL and the 

wholly unmannA(4T)ORIAN program, Mr. Michaels summarized 

his feelings by stating that it was not worth saving a few hundred 

million dollars with the unmanned program for the price of all 

the uncertainties and the year-and-a-half delay in achieving our 

operational objectives. He concluded our conversation with the 

,... statement that although the Committee was trying very hard to find 

places to reduce the total appropriations requirement, the removal 

of man from MOL was not the way to do it; and, therefore, MOL 

would not be cut this year. He did not wish to retain a copy of 

.0 our paper for his files. 

MICHAE I. YARY OVY 

Technic Director 

MOL Program 

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Referenced Paper 
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May 19, 19o7 

MEMORANDUM FOR RECORD 

SUBJECT: Manned Versus Unmanned MOL Cost Comparisons 

REFERENCE: Paper on "An Unmanned DORIAN System", 

dated May 16, 1967 

As part of ti. preparation of a new e.:tin-ate of costs and schedules on a wholly unmanned DORIAN system, the follo,.ing estin-iates 

on costs have been made. 

In the referenced paper, it is stated that total cost of the presently constituted bi-modal MOL Program is expected to be $2.2 

billion which is consistent with a recent congressional statement 

Mr. McNamara. The corresponciin; -ost of a wholly unmanned 

system, based on a 10-flight progra) , is stated at $1.7 - $1.8 

billion. These figures are quoted for Phase U beginning with 

September 1, 1966. To arrive at a figure of approximately $1.8 

billion for the unmanned system, the basic MOL estimate of 

14 April 1967 was used. It quoted a total of $2. 4 billion for a program with a 15-month extension from the baseline. Since this 

figure is a rough order of magnitude estimate and since the program 

is presently being redefined to a 12-month schedule slip, a $2.2 

billion figure would seem appropriate and the costs of its individual 

segments approximated by a 10% reduction from those which make 

up the $2.4 billion. The specific cost figures used for the basic 

MOL and the unmanned programs are listed in Attachment 41. The 

estimates for the FY 68 requirements for the wholly unmanned 

system are listed in Attachment #2. They are based on a 1 July 1967 

termination of the Douglas and McDonnell contracts and a new competition for an orbiting control vehicle. 

MICHAEL RYM C 

Technic Director 

MOL Program 

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Attachment 1 

MANNED VS. UNMANNED MOL 

COST COMPARISONS 

From September 1966 

(Million Doll-rs) 

MOL 

(7 flights) 

Unmanned 

DORIAN 

Program 

(10 flights) Remarks 

Experiments 338 378 Includes 10 payloads 

at $8M 

Mission Module 306 275 

Laboratory Vehicle 836 150 Costs to 1 July plus 

Termination @$43M 

New OCV --- 450 $250M plus 10 

Vehicles @ $20M 

Gemini B 235 50 Costs to 1 July plus 

Termination @ 15 

Titan III-M 332 390 Includes 10 Launch 

Vehicles at $20M 

Crew 12 --- 

Test Operations 30 25 

Pre-MOL 3 --- 

Aerospace 70 60 

Other 42 40 

TOTAL 2204 1818 

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Attachment 2 

FY 68 REQUIREMENTS FOR 

UNMANNED DORIAN PROGRAM 

Experiments 125 

Mission Module 50 

Laboratory Vehicle 45 Termination 

New OCV 70 Comptfition & Start 

Gemini B 15 Termination 

Titan III-M 55 

Other 25 

TOTAL 385 

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