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MEMORANDUM FOR COL BERG 

1. This memo has been prepared in response to the following 

questions which you have raised. 

a. What are our current working instructions from Dr. Hainan? 

b. Have we so far satisfied any of our past instructions from 

Dr. McMillan? What? 

c. If we have not satisfied all current instructions, when do 

we intend doing so? 

d. Then, what is the next logical step? 

e. What instructions do (will) we need from Dr. McMillan? 

2. In an attempt to answer these questions it seems most logical to 

first consider question lb and summarize past instructions together 

with actions taken to satisfy these instructions. 

3. Initial direction for what has since become known as the Dorian 

effort was contained in TWX SAFSS-1-M-1036 dated 7 Jun 63. This 

message directed that: 

SAFSP undertake a simulation of the possible utility 

of a man in performing the following specific reconnaissance tasks. 

a. Recognizing high priority targets and pointing very 

narrow swath width high resolution cameras so as to obtain 

coverage of these targets. 

b. Providing the recognition and control necessary to 

Of achieve highly accurate image motion compensation 

I feel these two basic questions have been answered in considerable 

detail in the status briefing to Dr. McMillan on 28 May 64 followed 

by an EK presentation to PSAC on 5 Jun 64 and by the more recent series 

of presentations by EK, LMSC, Aerospace and SP to Dr. McMillan and 

PSAC on 21 Oct 64. The backup data for these reports are contained in 

the Phase I Dorian Final Report, the Monthly EK Progress Reports and 

the LMSC Experiment Reports. The only item here that might still be 

considered for additional work is the question of target recognition. 

This subject has an infinite number of variations and combination of 

parameters that could be considered if it were to be explored in 

complete detail. We are presently attempting to, define an additional:: 

series of experiments at LMSC that will take a broader look at the 

acquisition problem. Such an experimental series would take into 

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account varying degrees of contrast, a wide range of possible 

targets presented at realistic oblique viewing angles, the effects 

of various types of briefing aids and the effect of targets in 

series as they might appear on an actual data run. 

4. I know that you are well aware of the discussions and problems 

centered around the initial requirement as stated above for a 

simulation program, and the reasons which resulted in the decision 

to proceed with a study program with EK. As a result of this course 

of action we were directed by TWX 0825 dated 3 Jan 64 to: 

it Require the contractor to provide to the Air Force an 

early review of human factors data to insure that enough data 

will be available to 'carry out the work as described el 

This requirement was met by an EK briefing to Dr. McMillan on 9 Mar 64. 

This particular briefing was first presented to Can Greer in Los Angeles 

. on 24 Feb 64. 

5. The following direction was received by Can Greer from Gen Martin 

in TWX WHIG 1270 dated 22 May 64 - 

4411-DNRO desires to initiate a study with EKC to examine the 

possible unmanned Titan III payloads for the maximum high 

resolution system capable of being used with Titan III and having 

a swath width of not less than one and one half miles and of a 

broad coverage system with a maximum resolution compatible with 

a swath width of 150 miles. The purpose of these studies would 

be to complement MOL and to give a clear picture of a number of 

possible alternatives. 

This study should be conducted with your present Dorian effort. 

Desire your proposal for such a study effort including costs and 

time estimates by 1 June 1964." 

This message was answered by TWX 4983 dated 1 June 1964 prepared 

by Capt Gorman. The proposals contained in this message have been 

pursued by Capt Gorman and he is following the action in this area. 

To some extent this might appear contrary to the direction in the 

original TWX that this study be conducted with the present Dorian 

effort. However, Capt Gorman's effort at EK is under Chuck Spoelhof 

and could thereby be considered as being conducted with the Dorian effort. 

6. The following direction was received by TWX WHIG 1638 dated 21 Aug 64: 

(63DNRO desires that Dorian and/or related effort include 

the objective of defining possible utilization of a manned . 

laboratory in developing and improving unmanned systems..." 

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This has been discussed with Capt Gorman and is being considered 

by but no specific recommendations have as yet been defined. 

This subject should be considered as an open item. 

7. In the area of manned SIGINT activities the following direction 

. was received from Dr. McMillan in TWX WHIG 1726 dated 16 Sep 64 • 

te I desire that your staff closely monitor the MOL 

manned SIGINT studies. When you consider these studies to 

have progressed to the point where meaningful comparisons 

can be made a plan 

for these comparisons is to be submitted for my approval." 

This message was acknowledged by TWX 5821 dated 18 Sep 64 

stating a, plan for such a comparison would be submitted when 

appropriate. The MOL pre-project definition phase study referenced 

in the Secretary's message is for a three month period with AIL 

with a Final Report due date of 7 Dec 1964. We have been following 

the progress of this study with the MOL office and it is felt that 

the final report is needed before a meaningful comparison can be 

made. As to the plan for such a comparison, I feel that it should 

be based on the depth of information contained in the AIL report. 

We should consider if this comparison should be an inhouse Air Force 

and Aerospace effort or should include some contractor 

support. To aid in this comparison our message also offered fnr 

Dr. McMillan's consideration a study of a manned SIGINT system 

His response 

to this suggestion contained in WHIG 1761 dated 22 Sep 64 and WHIG 1791 

dated 2 Oct 1964 approved the proposed study and requested a copy of the, 

work statement and security plan. These have been forwarded and work 

was initiated on 19 Oct 1964. 

8. In response to the question concerning current working instructions 

from Dr. McMillan, I would say that all instructions have been covered 

in the paragraphs above with the exception of the basic implied 

instruction that we are to pursue the present follow-on work statement 

at EK. The goals of this effort are (1) to establish by study, 

experimentation, and analysis, a firm technological basis for the 

selection and definition of an optimized manned visual-photographic 

reconnaissance payload; (2) to establish the basic design configuration 

and (3) to identify critical payload design areas and to initiate design 

and breadboard fabrication of selected critical components. 

9. We are rapidly approaching the time to initiate the next step and 

the time is at hand to consider such action.. With the completion of 

the parametric study in mid January '65 the visual-photographic payload 

can be accurately defined. We should now be giving serious consideration 

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to overall system studies and to a more complete simulation of the 

operational modes of such a system to include the input of any 

supporting sensors. The work at EK is now approaching the point 

where the support of an "integrating" or "systems" contractor is 

required to properly package this manned visual-photographic payload. 

This is not meant to recommend a full program type go-ahead at this 

time unless such were desired. Rather it is to recommend the 

complete system study and simulation that should be made to define 

the optimum total system together with the logical steps that could 

be followed to realize such a system. 

10. The instructions we need from Dr. McMillan is the approval to 

proceed with overall system studies and simulations. As we have 

discussed, I would propose that we (EK, LMSC, Aerospace, SP) put 

together'the story as we see it for a mid January presentation to 

Dr. McMillan. 

YRON F. KNOLLE, 

Lt Colonel, USAF 

Dep Director 

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