FILED U.S. COURT OF AP P EALS E LEV EN T HC IRC U IT APRIL11, 2008 THOMAS K. KAH

N CLERK [ DO NO T P UB L I S H]

I N THE UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS F O R T H E E L E V E N T H C IR C U IT

________________________ N o. 07- 13105 N on -A rgum entC al endar

________________________ D. C. Do c k e tNo . 0 1 - 0 0 0 7 7 - CR - J - 2 4 HTS U N I T E D S T A T E S O F A M E R I C A , P la in tif f - A p p e lle e , v ersu s R O Y S H A N E J A C K S O N , D e f e n d a n t- A p p e lla n t.

________________________ A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f orthe M i ddl e D i s tr i c tof F l or i da

_________________________ ( A p r i l11, 2008) B efo re D U B IN A , C A RN E S an d B A R K E T T , C i rcu i tJu d g es. P E R C U R I A M: A pp el l antR oy Ja ckson app ea l s hi s 18-m on th t erm of i m pri sonm enti m po se d2

by the di stri ctcourtbase d u po n i t s f i nd i ng thatJa ckson v i ol at ed hi s s up ervi se d re leas e f o r d ru g -r elated co n d u ct. T h is w as th e s ec o n d re v o ca ti o n o f J ac k so n ’s s u p e r v is e d r e le a s e . O n appe a l , J a c ks on a r gue s tha tthe di s tr i c tc our t ’ s s e nt e nc e w a s e xc e s s i ve a n d u n r e a s o n ab le . S p e c if ic a lly , h e c o n te n d s th a t th e d is tr ic t c o u r t ab u s e d its di s c r e t i on i n i m pos i ng a n upw a r d va r i a nc e be c a us e i tba s e d the va r i a nc e upon a g ro u n d al read y t ak en i n t o co n si d erat i o n b y th e g u i d el i n es, n am el y, h i s p ast s u p e r v is e d r e le a s e v io la tio n s a n d c r im in a l h is to ry . H e a r g u e s th a t th e d is tr ic t c o u r t su b st i tu t ed i t s o w n j u d g m en tfo r th ato f th e S en t en ci n g C o m m i ssi o n an d C o n g ress i n de t e r m i ni ng the pr ope rw e i ghtt o be a f f or de d t o hi s c r i m i na l hi s t ory . F ur the r , he ar gu es thatthe di stri ctcourtdi d n otfi nd thathi s c ri m i nal hi st ory w as un derr epre se nt ed, and, there fore , i tw as re qu i re d t o fol l ow the cr i m i nal hi st ory r a nge pr ovi de d bythe G ui de l i ne s . I n a ddi t i on, J a c ks on a r gue s tha ti f w e de t e r m i ne thathi s c ou nsel fa i l ed t o p re se rve thi s i ss ue for app el l at e r evi ew , then h e r ec ei ved i neff ec t i ve as si st ance of coun se l because he w ou l d w i n o n app ea l i f the i ss ue had be e n pr e s e r ve d. A ft er U ni ted Stat es v. B oo ke r , 543 U . S . 220, 264, 125 S . C t . 738, 767 (200 5), w e r evi ew a f

eder al se nt ence i m po se d u po n revocat i on of supervi se d r e le a s e f o rr e a s o n ab le n e s s . U

ni te d State s v . Sw e e t i ng , 437 F . 3d 1105, 1106- 073

( 11th C i r . 2006) . T he pa r ty c ha l l e ngi ng the s e nt e nc e be a r s the bur de n of e s tab lis h in g th a t th e s e n te n c e w a s u n r e a s o n ab le . U ni ted Stat es v. T

al l ey , 431 F . 3d 784, 788 ( 11th C i r . 2005) . T he S upr e m e C our ti n G al l v. U ni ted Stat es , cl ar i fi ed tha t“ [ r ] e ga r dl e s s of

w he the rthe s e nt e nc e i m pos e d i s i ns i de orout s i de the G ui del i nes r ange, the appel l at e c ou rtm ustre vi ew the se nt ence un der a n abus e - of - di s c r e t i on s t a nda r d. ” __ U . S . __, __, 128 S . C t . 586, 597, 169 L . E d. 2d 4 4 5 ( 2 0 0 7 ) ( in th e c o n te x t o f a n in itia l s e n te n c in g ap p e a l) . W ith r e s p e c t to sen t en ces i m p o sed o u t si d e th e ap p l i cab l e g u i d el i n e ran g e, th e d i stri ctco u rtm u st

“ e ns ur e tha tthe j us t i f

i c a t i on i s s uf

f i c i e nt l y c om pe l l i ng t o s uppor tthe de gr e e of the va r i a nc e , ” bute xtr a or di na ry c i r c um s t a nc e s a r e notr e qui r e d t o j us t i f y s uc h a s e n te n c e . I

d. a t595, 597. T he appe l l a t e c our t“ m a y c ons i de rthe e xt e ntof the de vi a t i on, butm us tgi ve due de f e r e nc e t o the di s tr i c tc our t ’ s de c i s i on tha tthe § 3 55 3(a) fa ct ors, on a w ho l e, j ust i fythe ext entof the vari ance . ” I d. a t 5 9 7 . S i m i l a r l y , w e r e vi e w f

orabus e of

di s c r e t i on adi s tr i c tc our t ’ s de c i s i on t o e xc e e d the s e n te n c in g r a n g e in C h ap te r7 o f th e S e n te n c in g G u id e lin e s . U ni ted Stat es v. Si lva , 44 3 F . 3d 79 5, 79 8 (11 th C i r. 20 06 ).

“ U n d er 1 8 U . S . C . § 3 5 8 3 (e), a d i stri ctco u rtm ay, u p o n fi n d i n g b y a pr e ponde r a nc e of

the e vi de nc e tha ta de f

e nda ntha s vi ol a t e d a c ondi t i on of s upe r vi s e d r e l e a s e , r e voke the t e r m of s upe r vi s e d r e l e a s e a nd i m pos e a t e r m of4

i m pri sonm entaf

t erconsi deri ng ce rt ai n fac t ors s etforth i n 1 8 U . S . C . § 3 55 3(a) . ” Sw e e t i ng , 4 3 7 F .3 d a t 1 1 0 7 ; se e 18 U . S . C . § 3583( e ) ( 3) . U nde r§ 3583( e ) , the r e l e va nt§ 3553( a ) f

a c t or s a r e ( 1) the na tur e a nd c i r c um s t a nc e s of the of f e ns e a nd the hi s t ory a nd c ha r a c t e r i s t i c s of the de f e nda nt , ( 2) the ne e d f

orde t e rr e nc e , ( 3) the ne e d t o pr ot e c tthe publ i c , ( 4) the ne e d t o pr ovi de the de f e nda ntw i th e duc a t i ona l or voc a t i ona l tr a i ni ng orm e di c a l c a r e , ( 5) the S e nt e nc i ng G ui de l i ne s r a nge a nd p e r tin e n t p o lic y s ta te m e n ts o f th e S e n te n c in g C o m m is s io n , ( 6 ) th e n e e d to a v o id u n w a n te d s e n te n c in g d is p a r itie s , a n d ( 7 ) th e n e e d to p r o v id e r e s titu tio n to v ic tim s . 1 8 U .S .C . § 3 5 5 3 ( a ) ( 1 ) , ( a ) ( 2 ) ( B ) - ( D ) , ( a ) ( 4 ) - ( 7 ) ; se e 1 8 U .S .C . § 3 5 8 3 ( e ) . W e h a v e h e ld th a t b e c a u s e th e C h ap te r7 G u id e lin e s a r e a d v is o ry , “it is enou gh thatthere i s s om e i nd i ca t i on the di stri ctcourtw as aw ar e of a nd consi dere d them . ” U

n i ted S ta tes v. A g u i l la rd , 217 F . 3d 1319, 1320 ( 11th C i r . 2000) . T he appl i cabl e gui del i ne ra ng e f or com m i tt i ng a G ra de C vi ol at i on of supervi se d re l ea se i s 3-9 m on ths’ i m pri sonm entfor def endant s w i th a ca t egory I cr i m i nal hi s t ory . U . S . S . G . § 7B 1. 4( a ) . U nde r§ 3583( e ) ( 3) , 24 m onths ’ i m pr i s onm e nti s the s t a tut ory m a xi m um s e nt e nc e f ora G r a de C vi ol a t i on gi vi ng r i s e t o the r e voc a t i on of supervi se d rel ea se . 18 U . S . C . § 3 58 3(e) (3). A G ra de C vi ol at i on i s “ cond uct c ons t i tut i ng ( A ) a f

e de r a l , s t a t e , orl oc a l of f e ns e puni s habl e by a t e rm of i m pr i s onm e ntof

one y e a rorl e s s ; or( B ) a vi ol a t i on of a ny othe rc ondi t i on of5

s u p e r v is io n .” U .S .S .G . § 7 B 1 .1 ( a ) ( 3 ) . A ft erre vi ew i ng the re cord and readi ng the part i es ’ bri ef s, w e c on cl ud e that Ja ckson’ s a rgum enti s w i tho utm er i tbecause hi s c hal l enge rel i es up on the i ncorrec t a s s e r t i on tha tthe di s tr i c tc our tva r i e d upw a r d f r om the gui de l i ne s r a nge ba s e d upon a f ac t or thatw as ac coun t ed for i n the gu i del i nes c al cul at i on . Ja ckson’ s gui del i nes r a nge w a s ba s e d upon hi s i ni t i a l c r i m i na l hi s t ory c a t e gory of I a nd the na tur e of

the i ns t a ntvi ol a t i on. A c c or di ngl y , be c a us e the r e c or d c l e a r l y de m ons tr a t e s tha tthe d istrict co u rt d idn o t ab u se it s d iscr etio n in v ar yin g u p w ar d b as ed u p o n Ja ck so n ’s cont i nu ed i nabi l i ty t o abi de by the t erm s of hi s s up ervi se d rel ea se , w e a ff i rm J a c k s o n ’s s e n te n c e . AF F I RME D.