• *4* . • '...

•• .fpa."et....4):4••—..%

. • •

SACS* • • •

•

• ••

% . • -

.4.

.4 C" ' • .• • • '• • •• •••

spites development effort, with

.:

imleeedemto treeing directly beck to theAirloorces earliest apace

investigation of 1946, loomed is Pineal lrear 1960 as the most impertect

within the current military space program. Carrying an Administrationassigned highest natimal development priority use earl? La 1958,

Samos becamer increasingly essential to the matinee security after the

unfortunate U-2 intelligence Mahler 1 Vey 296C and the subsequent

international outburst. Samos at this time took on new importance, appearing

to be the meet suitable and perhaps the least controversial means of

reopening the most profitable avenue of American activity tor obtaining

the information se vital to the More well-being of tba United States.

It was therefore extremely regrettable that, despite the urgent,' of

requirement, Samos progressed under wet =certain conditions. Thee.

circumstances affected virteolly every facet of the program--mpisementa,

technical, planning, programming. and operational. Lack of decision,

indecision and constant technical reorleatatioc plagued Samos throughout

the year. OnderLytmg the prchlem were widespread differenowebefween •

-MdiristasthiNiottios teehmiael and Meal super% end their nilitssr •

. .

litho latest In a long list of mane changes oesurred on 7 *mast 1959 who

seilftionated the reesensissesee attallite system from Sentry to Saws.

SUMO A appershili selected a mos without asp pertinent signifieeueo, reports" fasgastly skived thst Sues toss an snoops for' Astatine of

Bloat. aboorvatias betas. For seuventence, the author ham wed bon ear Shoes lo Ulu of arc previous tiesignetieu.

•

—*"

" . •
•

: ...er ..... • •

• ..:C:•.:11:. ..041 . r

..:. 1.4••• • ..

.. .• :444

.. 4 ......' ..•:.. 4......1 :Air ..: ..

.../. ...' .1,

. . • • • • .. oil.

1.n .: • • • • • • • • ... i••• -'

• 1.. 7. • . .• : • • let_...... Itzr .• • • • •.. .

s • • n•• , • ..,„, ......- • ...a...4 e ..... • • - •

:

. . • . . e. •:* • '17. 7.0.a.P

....

.. • .. .4. .... r.....

on. • .. 11•.‘ oonitosouto on many basin Loma; • is.liatiiii ottbliki 'Sanded °Ai befOin V' •••

.., ..... • ;

. • .:.... - 7. . • ...• . ......• -'.?-: •::. -- "1,. - .... .% - ••,..... .. ..„,... .,..... •!' ...•• .

. .1 +4:0 i,t4i ..:' -. 4 - :-... .......- +h.- .•• -.1... •.• . . - •

160 64. it:*"...eioaeortmosy; tea propos. node at inittantion rotate (with at --. - - •

!imolai giving, a iikontbla aatiMiaa of reliability, mollification.

of 'resod processimanddisseminsties fieilitins, assignment of precessirtS

and dissemination duties for eamos7Iderived data, and estatlishactt of

operational capability schedules and goals. Beginning shortly aft,: the

J-2 incident and proceeding into the next fiscal year, highest AdnAni•?

tration officials took up these Samos emeertaintiee and hopeftlly directed

unusual measures to resolve the outstanding problems and effect acre

efficient nanagosont, speedier development, and earlier operational

capabilities.

vechnical Confusion. July-October 1959

Ttvs its Ineopflan in 294 as • system develeptemt, genes had grattasTly

tneroisod In scope of intended assign to lnclu ed mot ear photogra

.visual) reconnaissance but also ferret (electronic emission) and

reconnaissance and geodetic napping and charting. Once operational, Samos

sltelli• oft outfitted with a specific mimic to 1%411'111 one of th' above

fu•ttions would be lamnehed into a polar ortit: utter ootal:Ing tne

required data over Soviet-Lloc territory, :Amos vculd either trananit th

information electronically upon ecnnand to 'mend receiving stations or

roekot its data capsule toward Earth for air or land recovery. In

development was a nether sophist hated processirg oplegystma 'Subsystem I)

•

•

r

.• • • • ••••

•••
4. • ...le, 1:C• :. • ••4111W-,:b•iLYZ::?!•VAti:::.1. 44

. • • ••..• teiVr

,

. •

.

- • 1•1,..

s• •••••• •not.

which woula.. tipidly •

coevirt thee

t •

*v.?

s "

'4k • • a:. , • 6.• . • .•

. ,

.66. • rt..trit.. t• •

•••• •• • ••. ••••!...„ 6. • .

.•• 6" ••n

.- •

svMaeful Ja ssfisct. tee.

?* „

.ar M •Ne • -

. -

dissodastiorto thSiiisithis •

75 • Zost.pitiv . 4 .

• •

• •

•

fiber 1951i 4-A111% broke en tiTs ezierisuniel. boosterisetellito ": 

.1.;' 1 • •Y

••• • n••T n • • • •••:Z.--:

int011101beini *stensise.1

-/

. •

.•

"".."

status. The Air force had therefore proposed and ARA finalV approved

•

"Mao (iher/Agons) and infreredlowelopesot efforts and established them •

•

reepectively as the Discoverer and Midas projects. Six eonths later, ARPA '

eliminated the geodetic rapping cad charting phase of the proj•lct, although

this had involved no ARTA fonds, only the use or gans sea carrier.

Finally. co 23 June 1959, ARTA directed deferment of work on the photographic

recovery subsystem. This left &ams with the jot of obtaining ph.--tographic

and ferret data and their transmitting it to ground statimns fty=only

calla: the readout subeystem).2

The Air Force considered deferment of recovery subsystee development

most inamopriate. for the work had begun only months War. and only

after -.;n debate and upon the urgent insistence of the intellirencs

Th. initial reado4t subsyeter. ,.the F-i, was basira117 test

ecr.:ipeent capable of Panishing Photographs of facilities witb a INIOrfoot

ree‘lutlin. The follow-or, system (E-2) would improve resolution to 2G feet,

allowing the location and identification of airbases, large aircraft,

industrial facilities, missile sites, etc. Intelligence officials, howeverrvri,.

•

at the al:bases and lansdhing sites and of speiltic production end oilitewri„ !..yf

at various industrial and military complexes. A readout version (5-11witiC"

this capability was under study toot was several years away from operationel--:f:t

.:

stated a requiseesot use stietesisito with a S-MR reeelotion, to vault

for maple, identification of specific types of aircraft and missiles
et° • -4.0.p...ft 4,;;-•"4.? . re - ••••; 4..• • • •••••

only i3I5 million for development. WA explained that demands of other

space projects Red forged the cutback. Sseare of the $4 deletion and

the fund reduction, ARTA requested • revised 1960 dowelopeent plan.4

AP submitted its revised proposal, to the Air Staff on le July 1959

and followed vitt a aeries of Pentagon briefings during 21-2/. J217. The

division sought 1160.5 aiUSar for,Leal fear 1960 and estimatee a

requirement ofilllifor the tolloving year to cam out Samoa

development, including both types of Annul recennalasamee, ferret

recconaiseence, and the Leaching of 14 readout mod 4 recovery teat

satellites between April 1960 and Leer 1961. If ARPA still refbaed

to support the mammy work, AP bunted the Air Force to reprogram

bout _r the two years. General Schriever on 1 August

personally appal to the Oda of Staff for .1112 spproval.5

Air Staff oleasste and the Air Force O pricil generally concurred In

the proposed plan b;at were reLetant to start repropemIng until the

Assistant Chief of Air Staff for Intelligence (ACS/I) revalidated the .

-.

.• • ••

•

•

*•-'1

ACSA restated the requirement en .7 August. In the meantim e AIIPA softened ••••

•

-

-M- •

• • 74.01/11

4 •

5-fist pbotopaphie reqairommat sad ARPR win refused financial support.

. •

. .•

. .

;A 4•••

.

*: •

.

... . • ,:e... .-- • -- .."-!-•• - ...n.- . :-: ....;.•:. •.% --.....• • - • - ..:-..tk • .,..., •• . .:. • 

At the semi tine tlistiiiitrestioldlit issiel of the 1-5,. it alsilo • - ..-

. • • .• . •. ... .

• -.e-

.."

4.1-9 .. .. _I' • •

.. . ..

.... .....

imposed a elemble redestion Is tisbingssi par 1960 fisassial support . •. •-...

.

-- - . -

;...... .. •• ... •-

allocated to $amos. Instead of $1601allos, the Air "Pores would receive ...
. •

r

•

.•

•

MP Oa... ... :!:- - e-..-4,•,•-41. ws •itzazt.—s: . A. -,A.:1.17. .e.).r --7-443tiltSatlo.,%ftn-•-.:_. -.4.'7.'4' . • ....• ... 7*

.

. • • 

• - • - :••..•• •,.... -:::., .• .....,..

••

"Z •••• .. • ** • ;•

`FrAt i"—'•

• ••••• ". .s..

. 

II:. tWrii .

44ite4".'

..'. *2 .

— 

• — .

• • • .44•11;47:41....I. P

..

. -

- • - • • • ••••• '0—.4. '1... . . ... 14.4" ...• 4 . • : '1•4••• • ZS.-31n440 - ?a ••.1. • •••• .. .0.. • •

i. . • -. • :if . Z • 4 • .: • IS.• .::. C.• . 71;:f . ..* .

.. . .

.

ecoadmat t its earlier attittele, Midi/8 an 2 .142,7 fcr fUnding Name toes . ;...i. :....

LO Ins= deviLlOymea and precUroMent cf long iced III= necessary t: prevent. ,- .

.

.

• ,.. ..4

slippage of the E-5 Beheads. On 26 August, Dr. Cheryl, asked fcr York's

1.22121=te Val with revr.vtr;

11.43 =Wit= in fiscal leer 1%O but Geer $16C r. n tate.3.5

ARIbc acted on I. September 1959, its ratner iv-decisive lard•

directed that contract negotiations begin on the $143 million pls • '_wt

if possible at • cost of only $135 i331105. Lift also directed t ►4• awarding •

an E-5 @attract to protect the schedule, but authorised ms !•d.: ;Itching

receipt of fond estimates. View dee later, AM modified the original

cirective. It reinstated recovery subsystem development and incr eased the

..: total Samos authorisation to WA sillies. This soma leo still scam . I.

...

$17 sillies under AfeeD•s *estimate. and $12 minion below the Ilinisala ..t

. :2

stated by Char*. AMA also projected ab or 1961

availability. , also considerably below AP's estimated meas./

The 9 September decision only added Lc the currmnt eocfsai4c.

:s:th types of photogreOhic rasystems were new desired, h gt f'..mis dere fsr.

below the relmired level. In effect, development of the recovery technique

was being continued but at the obvious expense"? the roadout verstorm,

and none was being adequately supported. Both ATEILD and Schriever asked .

4.e

fTr reidance. Debris*, reported to Ger. white that the frequent hinger

were forcing dir-to-day Flaming which rendered eessentially imposeible

the a' logical Of action -t-44•

hat the attainment of the required October 1961 operaticcal date. The • 4.1

v.

?;

commeniter and Allnerboth awned for strong Air Staff suppert. noting

'Ti

A

•11

.- ••
inv:..vad the ore cf 200- and 30n-se .es turns, for wnich mo oc: release had:

•

beer. authorised. Yet lead !tees demandel ar ear:; 'tart. is nee : scheduled'

orerational dates. Lefty reported the possibility of brie.ter 44:** •

• . :nip/v.7f erj:117ftgritigig,,2.:.•

Ae4044A • 'Tinv•-••• . ••••• • 7

• •••• :• • • • • • .•0 • •:•• • :1% •

•.• ••••••• ••• ••

. •

thet rnmesto

.. •.:

ewd. •

• •V . .

% a. •••

• ... • • • •••

le

04.11pr ..:L IASI . . . . :A . liFli' %-

. ';'•

eV. 6 . • • • • • . ...11% f.•

ons.swered.8

:- : . ' 4. - . . al • .. . • •• • • ---',..:c*?••n•-: Antir tt,?7-'.7..- • '-'!:-:77a..r . . . .12.4` . .• • :

,..---.--,.. . •-:.... • - ::::. t .1, . ..-1.• • . •liel* , 4..4

...::•-•are "as Air ;la:: ..r..Itia-4. ..f.tamianec1./ittle :---a-pful. sr nve.1-.4 ;b....A.:Luse :.:;- . .

.

• • • • •

..........

.

....."07,4, : • . ••.

.

It directed /479W or A October to a. c ......Aboth.seedout ac.: :stove*. ' . -?k3ys

development within the mg alnico ceilingi .withmny de147ff-t i.r.t

- : ' • • • • .

''',:%,' 1M

r-

*3 "1 —.• ". '4"fr :Mrill:0ns btieing reflected Ls the roomer/ portion. Genera. •.

'=

., .: s;..s.'154

?1. ..!xn: entl? Lnftrred Senrirver of uncertain ftture. '.e r: . - :-.Inr

▪

%-:lik4

716 of Ltaff voiced his concern over the ciattlied state of aftsi-s :....t. halo • 41Rir... -.a

cg..... tn.. hope the.t tre per.: 124 trmater of Saws maiapment 1.:. ::-- ...ir .V*4--4 -. . • tialflt,-..:. F:r-d. , as prcpc•eed Ir Itel"..:ro:es is September direetive„ sign; illil a. . a........,,,

cs,,—w%

1% ...$

re- .....-Icr. cf -.nor pro:lem. '..ntll the transfer ozcarrea, Samos 044.1.

-

▪

 -rm•••*:

7..t..1

.c.

con oz on $148 million tram ARA plus $11.5 sillies that tbe lit Total .17-

w- •..:: ':;lye fr..rt 2:10-meries funds to pa.---base bnostera. Lauay also-:; '- • •

% ry portel that 4:".Pi'c budg e* req..est a . ..he .!'.1.11tirMillpear:'

`al been reduce: to $120 sUltor but the Jar F:'r=e moped to

t

::•eirtever !ac a:so comOiatned about lack of tar Staff a:V.7z .: cm a

??..7 Tf 1.-!ri--tanding pr-ttlw:s t:.* rsmov firmA7.1 m.ppart .lam::.:: S. In .1240

traertng and advie:tion sta y rolls, pre:ass:4 facllitles, ".4.1tese. .

ti: recant agreement vit • ): •.:•. Burgle cr. the Pe:Lfie Missile acnte'and-..17

•

1,--zentIrr Air f: mal base . 1r.T1ex and t%, calr:t ad tarlw evnp. r :Lr.r ethic 11rCisler Omme

p

ltime investieitilos as and epee ranges - • aid

. • 

la.. ies.—
.1•4110-7e:V.. 444X4%--4- . • •.•

,s; 4. ••

"lei.... • • •: 15.? zav:at

"

- • '••` P..•.

.

: . • • .

caned for the preparationP111111-

.

as operations' and lagistical plans) priii."„te

Staff therefore directed AMC to preparirthe

.

F.rte headquarters or, Z3 November std to

High level discussions or. ..7.c mechani ...... cs of tsansfer and Samos techtical..-'0 .... n

..,. .... •- ::t tees a Yark and his aides, Charyk, Schriever, and a 

• rupresentatives•--.•5

. • . . •

• ...... il latt in Ocn ober and early in Oavedber 19 soon invalidatem tr.,. ..-Lgnnins.

.

' •••".7•;• 7".*:.••

-

tr.cn unmer way at MusD. It appeared that Uric and his igovi..cr: —.went .

...

..:

.... w that row; valuaLt. reeonnalsearxe information would come portrmrly from .*:i:f

•

r.g..syst ma.

Tors allowed the current Samos fiscal autnorisation of S:T7-4,

tc. stand. Aowever, he reduced the air Forte's overall spact ejstuns

01,14E•. a request 3 fur /a A.11.?

7h.s for Smog the Air fore ro6ld count mtlx on $120 million mantained ••

in CIA budget requests plus an undetermlned amount of the 41a; mali gn 2.7ii

ss teed 

•

.

of • the previously pianood •••••••••aftr,

As as outcome of these meetings, the Air Forte was directed :o --•

••2••••A

=pasts. and accelerate r•cove:y inibs:estac development. ..Seci-44,;-, it was' 4V.:.

t, rel....m.i11%- r: :=1.1-ArC grvIn! Arf;

.:::;44 ••

•

7

re.

yo

. , • •••,. • "Z.

•••• ••• ••• •• • T.•••••...... now•divolipcent .431411.?..pe

"•-• •••••••••••• - • • •

ictaiktraosier. ;4.4 ... 

1r. .;#

• gin for aabmiss:,_ A 1:4...••••

by I Deceoner 1955."

.

recovery of :Ails cats monies. Redirection of emphasis from ru g:taut to

•

remove:7 also could :sea vast savings An the construction and cpr niti= of

ground support facilities. Additionally. the scientintacilesticaed the

. • :11.4:r•

hie dovelepoent costs asse:lated with the ferret and data processing •

4.:1•17.•Ole

. • •

r• -.-•••".•
4..aIrw.41•0.1.21^titt."1. .

4-4^-4 — .,c67•••• - "- In% ..ei e • J. . • .

• • : • • ••:

• ut. . .Ak• - •

altitude testing, then*** reducinji•tfis

• • . "f••••• ••:;•_••••:-...6"4:•••••.- :* . •••r •:if • 4.

Lhe type tran plaguL-g Dtscovirei asst ebtainIng Fla

" • ' "' " -.1.--tra4,.-zi

1961 bodotary.figures ..ter Moos .vere net fixed, bLat

•

Discoverer, Midas, and dines could $ot'exceed

plan liseorgeretimgAbeiiiiiiiiiiillige.

e•• be to OSD t 15 January 196() 'Untied* iDecencer 195,. Brawl

on this understanding, MD agreed to entertain a request fu: Latediele

transfer at Samos management to the Jar l'orce., Secretary Dc • .filas made the

request on f Novadher, and 11 dais' later OSD ePProwed014

tort

-•`•-• .•-•• • :lie entire *SS *44.'77%1 •

. •

• • • •

The Air Staff passed the fork4haryk guidance to APSND on 12 November,

asking that the new plan be readied for headquarters' review on it December.. .,

Tne divisa:n vehemently protested the new instructions citing the tremendoevtktV . .

waste of previously expeilded time, money, and effort in a twitch of eapnasiCr'

from readout tc recovery. The division elsc wari.ed ttat its ..rut hasty '-

review disclosed s postpened operational date of 12 to 12 nonth n -.from

T 1!! (:1toper 1961 to perhaps January or Jul) 1,63--if the teonnica: enc

c•r{

guidance were allowed to stand. APOND asked permission to brief the Air

Staff an the plans currently under way tefore Asposing the litest changes.1

The Air Staff sympathised with AFONDt s protests, believi:g that .'

AiT2,1

• worthwhile intelligence data could be obtained at an earlier cats yd the.....:;.,ra

• realm% mods. Out under the Sark-Charyk instructions, the Air Etat could'I

only re.affira its earlier guidance to the division. The sic!: sale ens

concession. Wallowed AMC to compile a supplementer; 112: 1.f

'n
1470,- , ,- ---,-,-. 7 r..:/.11,; -.. L.-•.--,. --:: ...- - . ---- ----

...(

—...: +-' ' .4- ' re— OF .-.1 4it.., ..2...2_ : ..1, .t- 1 - n "Y"' tr., .•' 

•, ,.-- :.

-

. .

▪

 . . ''f-: N'i-.„ • - ': 1

ne.......... ....eau; .. ?...../..s.•ftry.v.......x.s., . -12 ,, op ,...-,1,-.4 .,*„z„...-...:, ', :., •:. , • . ...:-... t-t...-14,.

.... • ;•••• .• srsm; t? • .....1 r• . s • ", - ' -••

.. • • t.”, • .. ... rs • ',714;11• 74••• ...•• •..1..• :;-••••

.. • 0 --' 1•- -

... s.. -••••• sr .. . ' ' ir•-:'''.'- - - -2' ,j, n ''''

. .... essential too I. 

. Smoot that wou3A

. & -.• ;• : .77 ?!.:&i1.:',,,f7:41:a1*Iiiit. .

• • Should list to travotib .. kr oast t., n :.-• 

.the

v.-, ....e. , &• . • oh-T.:I"'

...Vim.. •Vri.. roll.V."," a%

. - • . 4...... • . • • •:..... 'Pk • ....•.. .../.;••

tbe forcer ,teaeld tsar It tr isitiraid

- - - • ' - • •ftse-

•

.: • - •

The Liz Staff had int ersd4C for A?Brd) to prepare a f-......-..-- ..-.... ;I- tint , •

plan, which would =dery review within Iteadquirters Mk'. -r.l.f..:e g. -...^g

.: -. — . :.....ia _. .....-., • . . A •n• . • •',1 *.f.i . • % • •

•

* 4 4 .

to Aromc for approval and fcrwardinji to Dr. Tort. Ckarri.c isal-a:i of tie

- • •

. ...'....,'"ate

Pr3ladure and wejatermantet 

it, noting 

til°'.43111klarit-Calirik gai41111" wan ...:2. - , •

' . i

r ••::... ......1

prellsalnary 3n ture and that be wanted wag an inforaal prea • ,:.4:.at:* :-• • -

::::;"

r.a ..,t . • :.::.'

._ ..1.• . ' ' .*:::.•44•..q.:ii .

' •••.:•• :. • • • • . • ,

pule aitertative 001r1rOOS of actleill vitt& the rum tviu•s. Tram, . ..""'.....:•-.,.•i:

•• • *-?:g Imre Mos had =soloed these allernatkres, Chant would provile es-11.:t•••• • ,er-,;ne

instructions Apia th• , *14. L• , - - .. • •:

• - Mao reviewed the AP proposal, es 14 December 1959. Soticig.tho -7,414 A,

r • .1%* AiiirALTP'

•••n•r• 4, '14 highest-national prIerity ao.urdad Sane dovelopeentas well as rolual -;

-:;";1,7

lbassian increases photepaphlag the *darks or the npor. .7 semi ,-;••

a - -e1719 effort while Increasing recovers activity. Eased on tt •.13 orter.1,v - '• •_:• ..--. :A ...';'...4* ,....:....0 program of dovelopeent, Samos would require another 150 sill'ior: for the.

. . . ...ww

rtmalader of Fiscal Tear 196C anti noie U. to the fG32nwing rear. ;I-

..,,,,.

- tru•tules) ens attainment of an initial operational capikility L

•

 14.190.

=tended that staying 4tP. r the osz-irpcsed

9

.:•• . :.• • ••• * 1 4: • i.•...r.•B

‘1.47 • s;:;;;:j.

'

.1t•

. •1299'. LIS+

a•sly.51;:•,IS.•••:t.„

lhait• and Dr.

•:•

..;••-•^4 . .

be thawagn •

n • • 7,1Y

, ke* of a readout opts% the division first proposed a loreipirecente p3ia 

A

-• • • •P•,

which continuid visual and ferret readout development: at the c.:rremtbytte24120-

- • -.Cur...4r - • . •

Pasdf.ag at these levels wo.Jd also permit the beginning of 011 Sano0 .

lata• chinp (with the first :a June 1%G, three months behind priettrili'•
••1. ••

recovery at the expense of readout:- There %oaf •to noidaletion of any . 1.1(

systems at the expense of ferret iebsystens, Ind within the forcer, of

•••-•-• . - • •

-.Prfsq.:•:%.7.44tva.41,-;»,oreplossjo.

urideterwined delay là operetinrod availability. • • • .• .

. •

. • .":r - . own", t:%•'!aZii• ; "" - '

•• • . 4.*";;;:•li$1: speettrely. The -•• ;476,

conalttee again.oalled for anibasil or ythi development Of photographic .a,10.7,..."•:.:::4:•zrrii

: for 16 41.0 1. ti'L fit' 4 •n• • -

•• • •-••- "•.- • • • • • •n . 39 • • •

: ""t' • •

r. ...A.:. 1...

.. ...." --Zi..... :91 g

. • . 6: :.;... .; *or. •46,.

AISIC directed preparation Of a . plal based ail the current

the two years— $159.5 sill

• of the advanced payload developents, but A reduction in. the szr.tmr-lated

fuming the list. Beim. a this. k

Ycrs that he.eould not Amish the repaired plan until silei-Februari19615.17:.**.ih

. •. • The continued *position of the ceiling and its probable drastic . • : •

• • • .• 0 • • • • •

effects upon the =bpi end availability of Samos soloed a hue and ory frot_1:17:1 •

• ACS/I, SAC, and A. Major 0enera4 Anse 11. Walshi. AC.VIi deplored the.....i..t411

tanoertain operational:date. Re painted to the gre ying Siviet.

and claimed that user deterrent rests heavily an 'ourslidge of

.• • .

nature, sagAis e.and bone velnerabilitiefwthe. thrieiA:.: •

. . .

••:

basis, Walsh stated ei urgent reodirenent for Mises-in the simmer .

41 1960

not an indefinite to some three, four, or SIM years in the rattare.-.-'••••:.

• ":• SAC official, pleaded for an operational target data of Jul; 1962 at:

10

-•

extent and sophistication of the itounitreeelvir. 4' .31'O'OC.U

• . • 18.48 ard dial•"li ftworm d t1141- :

.

facilities. Floally,' AMC oce. .rieisiid tothaPraPhlitichP --..'.. iii

. . L . ..

ail hdd-ea 1 147 . . .7

•

....4:

. •

' • •-• .s* • • .. • - • ::. .;:i.r. -.111 • • • • • . or.4.• ••n,•„!...1_,. list r,f essentials and directed the Air Staff to a?* the possibility pr....4..17e

-- .. 7 • •••••.. iiie ' . • .2
,4:•••••

•

. ' .

1; f.44-

.:.• ••4

31

•••:. ..••.• • ••--4.. %so

of false •

•

accorded asses and

142:1-' :

The Air Staff mold tali held :

2.. •

. •

sAi 

lerser priority in their areas ot:apreetien:Istefuhidib • laids.-.. could bi.:7 7 ,,..itry 4 : .,..'; .4 •.• 4:-'' . •••.r • ...":•.i ifi•IVNLIWAS6M.... !I.; .• .‘• . VP

t-P'.

• • ,

. .:7`.•• 3. 'A.' ••• 8 -C 0'. s ► 4

Ai

.

s 

N

• . • ..,.... . .%

lted. This last simpatico lisitiOwpre agri• reception a: SAC andi.:..;itr,.

14

.,..1..t.:.

.

... .... kV •i. e .g.; , 'teAN ..., • . ....7 .. 4:,,, . • ' • ....:V.6..r di ..41.1! :MP", .• •••• •*. •••n •t "••

- .:-.*:•••ta•:.

. ....... : •.. .•.• ./ ..i.s...•••••-1.•.:1 s—. ilt 41.11th.l."1,..'..::. '.:. .•• "1:.•• ;:•";,' • .. A • .. . ",*. 1;4;4. ..,,,., - _.. .r`

• . ... • : err:-7.•n.- -. - - • : • •• • • - 1., i _, ;!•.:0::

f ..

MUD fos latest devalopsost plan- or 30 rwarded it

. Januar', 1960.419.1.,• •?14:"- • ' ., ,. 

.. . ....... , •., .. '. I.% : .11: • • • • .

....:•.. UM; ....". ._ . , ,,,,, ,..,

0

•

'••••;• 'Pr' • • , .- ..:.at sf".. • •• • ' •---. "•\4---: 7. • P'-' .76•• "...:•r:z...ii• V '.".. . ". ; -*--tilierw ,.16.--...

devoted the nest 10 clays to •then briefing Air Staff alosants acd Aniiii•174.-•=41:- - '

-

-

....... .........• • . . 'tal. "4';•

s,

•"t

e

Using .e.,•• '" this Deoember /Adams- a thelgielsioe proposed a ihaesPa.taintis 4••• ••••..• . . • . • . .. . jet' V? 1.'- ••• 2 ' ..,7 - . ; er:,,,-- ... • 1—tz.... :.—

-. -. A. 

• 

-.1

F :al

es ett islo research ankdoeslopneatt

'rearm' . ..f anion; 4,

tg Thar ' •

.

1960 •-- • .1. .' •• it.. •.. .r ..1 i•"• .e e% .if

..••••• • x-0"• ': . 7

- .. • ......;... ....- ..v.... t.. .. s

. • . . • •

the next year • Ctrts would' leave for• •.,... .1.. • •..• I 1.• •••• • : .

:r

.L. .• NtT.....

. el"fof...• -

- • • 17 • .• • • • t• :nit tomer. Ifit.bio that category., recover: vas to be itivored.otet....-.&

.• • lwaser.47

•

re% APSatI 4:?eracterisaa rellahlLity raparementa "Ma the •react

. .

;T:t!':411 LO be ached~ and &scribed-comprehensive procedureefor

•

receipt of the ARM add-o6 lia:.111111117 cm.a -•+ • JAW:

; . • "%el . • ...a • • :144441Cuti.. aw. 1""w•

. Sp. r• • .1-00. • • .• • afire •

• • ??.. • • . N

A"•- . •• • • •• ••••1 •*. -.0.41.•••‘ e7.•••••-

. • .

M.tzas =1,7 a very small !Practice ot the eve

Tie

.......... •

the Dix programs id 19614 • thhartaiii‘Of the . . .

via •• • . • • •• • • • ••• • far "r/10,7berar.

..;a1 and ferret developer: would proceedWith coccurrintli
.

• • •

expand 'light aunt (from 11 to 25 L ••

ynchings), the PI•opcsed tioanclo.1:e

• suppert. for Fiscal Tear 1%1, and the technical objectives. He reitaritad

:.-• 4.. . • •

.0_ ••

12 L • re,•

•

.-:!•;141tif

•:••••

.‘ 4-

.,•• • .•• 1,•••: • y ,..7.-..;, , ..

.

,

, L' - ... :„..•( - '‘4,-- -'::,.• -4- '•,,•-= tz_114.--i ..:1n ,. ...IT 7*-rs t4-:i1(47".'Atr-.41 `. /...7.; -4.• ••••

,Y... - "`"litf.-7570......c,:rt i - . 4 4. " ' '''' V • ..

.4"...._;-z-t-tis.rr.;:f.I.J.:; •• ,.. 1 . • ...:•71•rd= ......:7.11/4. zr;i 47, Ar• t .. . . • • --,7 -- ••, - - J"›....:7 . '7•-e••-' 1 .. . `.".• . . - , .. •_. ,.;,- - ,r,

' - 1" 44.:•r',.••n •••.• ...7... ,

, — „ -..1,- _.,-,..„...,...6.

. • ,

,... - Ic ',4..,4- 1 -"4".•:-4..n•:(-- •Ck t.., I, ... ....:.•...1,• ..1-..,:. t .iiiiia......

1 .." ... -12 .4; lima oat •

'.-•'---,

, , . - -43'... -.•--. 1

S

:; •

n••, l•

3.3 .ta 30 6711.•

slk • • • • ..41:

.6., • : •• .

- - •

batman Se;.•-ataber:1960 • ••:.

••••., •• •• ••n so, ;11,,

.111ft .11"...1 -±.11e 3 azul

:r awer Sel•:•••P.:"..•-•1 p - • • •• • ••:-..LFC;..6.•;11.

-.II • • • • • .7. • .1,

Decdater 1%2. C.( UM* 18 Will for. viwnl arA ferret r•-•

vr. • i4awizit

-‘"*" •

' • • • • • • . • • • • • • • -••••-• ..• • •••• . - •••-• • •••n•• '•

tblWralltkaatallitAleglerialnig• • •••••• •••;•• •••••• a. r M.Noro . • ••••,Ziod.110,...yr....1.• •. ; • •

• ,•• .• • •‘• • 'w• -

(a aupplic

..Tho• flight toot

• ••

and 7 for ribmal recovery - poitifoe:.-12mi fink three teats wr. • _ . . • • .-.0:1.14aLt

111111111111111111adadt riletts waaid.sourat. Th. tirs• t cf seven E-5

. • • gib ••• • •.• . •

• ' r• •• • • • • ' • •••

. -

Then a aeries of 2.2 (204120‘ . ar..1

_

crzponanta of both the Irlavaal area) led forratl(f-1) rladsut *obeys - um. • ••,*-;;;:::(4;

roacaluticia) riabovritaOiw4110111104,00

••• •

n41.49e4

.• • . • . ? • • " - tig • watt well, a limited operatiarial eipability and data ass ful. for

Pre

1.m43.Zigaoce purposes Would beceeMilisallabli about Liagnet 194.22 .•

•

Interested Weapsrmn Board pimple and working snaps m1 Fskr.asz

•

fetz the development plea aatlataatiii7 and riconsended approval, •• •

tov 4Mpcna Scud two days later. The affte to-k sisiir action or -

• 1C• Fee:nary and direetallittle to protect the integrity and s2:edulea

th• or gram, peniing reaction fro* D & S. An 18 ratruarr" .7r.i.ryk • •

roman" adult Twit for his approval of the .

Dr: Tor* was still diseatiatia with the prOpoiii Semi teetniMli llir .-.

. . .

.:.s.;..,-.

I: • &••egoir

2. recrientation. Par lire then two months, hi wade no official rsply.* . . 

:1: .: • ':.,:".;'$0.

. .

. . .. ...c- . .. iloweiver, la old-Ifareh, Twit inforoallr Indicated hit r.oncern 7rer tho • • • .?.......7.r.

••• •

• •
cf the year.

e.."Derational Preocepostice 

.

. •

•

051!:1.0.54

,xt

11a- -A-f-.••••-.2.- v er.7.=:1.4. -.:;:. ..":;#4-...s;A:4144me+t-.psioirtlp:

approsind authorised that &Sr. • - • - .....-...."..:-•,:,,k. .. : . • .-•:-; ;:..',,,,-,...i.ksate or $159.5 Wiliam for Firial Us, 1910. •0:...

.. • • ti • ' 3. ;:i. 1:4; - ,:40*

n • 40 f f...

the nest year;- •• ?orb !Witt 11161kastaftc. the Atf•44

desired order of dive It priority: • visual recovery* vista? reed=t; • :”.:1, FP 2.

::.....ifi

aM ferret readout. Financial adjustmentsand development slipcases were .*:,\--t• .

.

a:4,4

-"x • . , . . -*-94:Ak4.

'Dna, with most of decal /fear 19t gone and Fiscal rear :961 fast .-:;:1%

apwoaching, Samna still revalued In an Interim status. hor did

. • _

resslation or the pelbleis ippsar •sarb tuiCiiiiifit the iiiitaitt

•• .• •

••• •

kV

•

• • • At *it

SI.. •

•

Toe repeated inability of the Air Force to obtain Dr. York's blankit-"Ie

..pp: oval for any of its proposed Savo, development plans stance not sails••

fray his doubts about certain of the technical approaches, but also- inn ."••

, 

tie diveatisfaction with apparent ?tree precccupatichr;iinlas :.L

•

Samos operational capability in *thence of tech:Mil . acceeplistment: •

-t- ..ttz--11111

Ft/lewing his latest refusal to approve caeplete4 the develzpment Auk.. •

e.• -

end his call for reeriente tics. en 20 April 1960, York drafted what as

. s

• -

Intended as detailed ea:dance. At the awe time, he opened c •.:: in spent*

. •

••76;.rw.:. —

13

to be concentrated, as necessary, itt the last-acrd area.a

•

•

+ • •

•

terse his viers cm the operational emphasis. • •

earnest. &Mate to condubt -"I"

under the concept of concerrency would orgy interfere with development • :+rte

.

and actually delay attainment of the end objective. lie justified tine' • -• -11-.

. VA*

•
„11,...,...4....,L,..,L.,.04 ,r.

....

• - •-• .*. • ...-.-•?..17:f.1:4:'3:t7"•••.:,•••14•*%"1...-...V.. •• •:- • - •

5:

„.

•-.. • -- - - :: . ..._ ,,,,.•- ...... ••.. • ,.1-.: -• .

-.:::. ••• • ---

the *act of operational requirements before the actual .

capOillties of the systole laminae established en a .4'41"

developmental basis. This =ration has lid to advent, auvling, Ve-15 tncludir.g faeiltties and hardwire procurement based yr real:attics:

of hypotetical outputs and needs for the Sl L y triton."

Yerm minter: the expenditure ct funds en Simms 'operations: aspects" stopped

an1 ccncent.ratin on deve:opment increased •0to obtain prever'feasibility

:1

sn4 reltebl:Ity of the vote* at an earlier date tloiLit now envisaged.*

rt•l amcng 'r f, "operational aspects• slated for elisinatIon a: this time

. • •

.-0e.g4r-4 weid • .4*...77 40; =tr. training of personate:, the SA: technics: operations centers, sevaral:iVikig

r•klow st4tilnr. cperattona: launching tact:it:as, and mien Cf LA*

• • . • r •rf

: • •

!--It. la: rreceselne • ^.1 eleseminatlor

-- n trrvd. ••41 rear: 4;1..!vtrr e--.:urrence tr. Sam.s. Fazed •••• • le 1

tr." rrel-.' •n.^1eP1 for Interligenee c.t about Scri•t And •

gratified with results in the ballistic missile eoncurrency program, the . „Ati•

.• ;1r Force hoped to have an operational canab •Ilt; ry Oeteiber 1461.en oar

fb • "'• la moths after the centeapla•ec fins: Sancv launching. The Warm

•

v- := : 11,r 19S9 hal recommended tnis ;:sr:tne and tiled f:e.acgsentedial:g

financial support of the operational phase. The following day, Air Sileff • -1

*.4.. • - t•+

.•

and Anson representatives agreed or a schedule t'*! would permit: use of ......;_lso...

. :•:4,!..PF .. 4.. ,.* •• first event:tonal tracking and acqtastlon i.readout) station is

"'

..

...• -iii ..

:.-closg er 19c0 and of two additional stations s year later;• .-sra-Arg -3.- •

' rr..14ta

ftrIt c! 1-ele was to re at New 1**:.,tetc-., Nin. Hampshire; tne (An'? 1ac,

s • -4.t4ma, 1...5 and FL. Lte%er.r. ^rerm.

position .with the following emplane ens. % .14-;•.:.•,:•-•;•.:

- ••• • ti •'...?".41..; ..

. • • . ....... . .. ' '--- ..., re **i '•.• ... .

*At the present. tine_ garr..questions mr!”. unamaiored. ab,Agi : ; ..i. :::73•6•••

the capabilitied"er 54=4' that' toad hiliO •hean unwired bi lin ... A4.53,

if the develop:rat Prejent had benreirried oat as originally:es& Ilt lIrli - . •.......,...r waived. Apcarently, both the contractor and the trebn.tcal

-- -- :tvft•?..,4

Support. eand.tiess isms beset csofIhoi and slowed down t-f

.; • •
- OECP•ra•L-nal flights. Madly, they permitted th• start or plar.r.I.-ti; to

t-nt; or trn or...rational work. 2'

•

• •.•

•

•

r • cprvions: ohjectivee, ir common vitt the technic': r-Tfraa, .

• " • • 11,

mr. f U.. t•eacteml and funding discussions *ander 

-of y et the ......1.•*:**•414:

. . n -tcident with the planned transfer of .1alscr T.7v%oommett.

4-d Me relotteree to agree - ,-;.:5-r.`t bi....:....44i

..-.. re .....s. trprrturtLor funds. 7rus, L.r.cm- the CS:0-tzpi.died flosocietitt,, -,-

...- p..:- .;.-k.'-..

r-r!'.-..4, tnn Ane'r lr tts 24 :s-owP, : 4:7' review of SA.gt*p elans ex:15 -:-...mci on] Mite that eVen a poopoSed Js1 19c2 cperatxonal date vae not laid .......--k...r

•••.-.... • .. ...p

hr

4' .! I ro•C t ‘.e '-"-tic r c! meth th-- "scphistiittion and seopeo of the

;:an:.•: operstIonat faraiLiaa as ;art of the eurrsztt eecnimq twee. In .iffEk: ---...m.-Lng 4"..,Pr o s inetroet LUIS to AM.: , t'se tr : itoff dir•et•c Uttrislan of awlar tirliiredi

• • 2 an.eiDed taw :1:". :• ••'s

W74 !Moda 11•40....:ITALIEL/Opersiamas

,

.te

"'et? . .. • tyl:tty

1- Armpit.•t czvws

free ARPA tc the Air Force. a Tors soon made tr.-Act both

_ w retv,e co--nrrol-le? •

V:PtitC.Vi

Lan: fa:1;4e: jg Uinn ..prepin.t:or. of the a•meloppent pion. lloweew

-

•

. data obtained *Mac the flight ••• • .•••-.•' ••••••••:".0...IN,Tee

. tie*.

.artrev-1 theall operetta's: r..43%11•PS. They also conditionally agreed to the:.44:41

.1

tonvr rs:on cf At

• • -

Ideated al:dimmed' ta facilitate exclalvtitilitai7 central avae laudit

P.eria • . ai 'and eacatneetion of tne

technieml operational oerter at SAC hoe

rev.na weeks liter. the Air rtiree

•

. • • ...

•

•

launching merges 65-1st Tandenbrri AFT fer Saco* - •

r!•FAsk

dquirtirs for nee by Oct, 14E2.26 • Council and th• Chief c! Staff

:J.4*
t. ',fetus.

.. -Pe .r.- -• 4.7,•"e r.. - •nil• - •" ' .' • *i .:'• "hie "'V

. ••:- •-t .1 .:.P,-tr _ „ , %. •• -Pi ••-•*•••••-" -- - 1"' • ... ..:-.....: • :4%;•we .. • • . .., ,. . .. , A.- ,%.;.; .:..7 7,6r x( .' a:g.c.:.:•-.C.r: • ....i.• •• n•• Selez.,

- film 'est& conta

•..: • .- .. : • ,r. - 4tr • frfP.,•XP:t

during the flight test periad. ..,......

.•.. 1.• • t-. "..„if. .1. •st,.,• • ; 7...Vn ..... . 7,.. 28 .. • - ---1:,....-v?!.-:',- 

ight be Me time in 1964. The add-cnne14407Montkr•rat:Oha: e7Z,Y,

.-.. . ftrwardnd at the same time, listed the wart, tiuipment, fa-il!f:

?.-eze nweeseerr tc previa* a Use for the timely transition from zelmlopmect

'-tvtived nnly $7.7 millirr !cer

fcwing year tr pay fc: a .1.inimmm . am-x- -r prrurd

I: wa.414 47.1:w a Unite- operatione: -f Z31,'

41.: in those tests °scarring after July A

nr.ratinnal cepabtZity under SAC genteel coed tierfallow ty .P.LIT 2463.2

a :nee • part of the unamtuLer tearuree,

:taffv.ioserors Poard endorsed tte drec lem!nt/ol...rv ...rel annex

ani premised to reprogram the regaired rinds from within Air Force mamma:.

r rp`ruary mara agree: ttift F.ropcsal, an: en ie Fibriary

far aprrrws: and rwrt!sstan t: -cite

;t4.t tt. time, Con. Wilson dire:ted W.t.ZZ to uncertax. rertain

::46nr. 11 fa, ar.slyties:e..naneg.r.e: oirsie

• 

to.;rtrlde t.:tr fsrts and

rc. or V. 1 .•. hnime; re:liallity a the LIMO* 42? ..AG. nisON

tn. rep:: pre-fred, arm Jt.e . tr..arc rts.t.:: and

' - rj,c1%;red ttat teas net have teen pcsi.:-v tf

•

tU4:e: 84t.: Tr.:: L1C=3 curren:L; er plied c !..A."..143 1:4.1 been

ex to toier equipment needed to

''•-r

•

:••

•

. . - . -.

... The raininum essential! devalcpme

. ,

nt. OLuiimtmdtted .to Ogiiiiiie •. - n•t

' • . -.M. ...r.i..,

January 2960 contained no definitive operational late althzumt !Ai - . ,.. •

• ,'.•

.. ..

,•-4.-- • :

".

v.•

:
•

" •

• .. efs•

• .. : .:.? 7 • • " • . •• - .1 • At

used on the aleellealr:

•••••".

. a

mremnd the - . • • Wain seitedm4;z4•47

▪

 •.....

erfe data tram the beilletbkAietleierigreabo 

-s

'capered with ear110.1

predictions to ter a factual Wawa* which thewilidity or insc:Lra.ei

C:: prftdietima mlett be ""7t'se

emarlmed :•-. .

,

W:lscn elan 2trent•d enlareenent of AROC e e management group r‘iipsnalbie;:.

ams r•Ilari2ity work. • :1-.13 lzvolynd addr.ue.

01. contractor and " ftbrentractzr :e7e:a.

••• • i 114 44

P ormanc

today la DODnattaaa. 'e

**predicted

f'*

:•

f -•r•

n tr.:3

1.

Ir4' 41:1777_14;412P7"1.* .04.V.8 41... - • 1 ' 1 1 • e

" • ••• ••'• 6:" • ..:014 •

.411me.

‘"11.1., .

e

. .•...

sir:Ilium =meet: "at art

Giese i weft •

' Cenral question

.7-1t13*Miii#14

BOUM tAi &eta' s-• .

.

•

•

**:

.

'ft ns, •

• "1.1

:n.t-ged aLftrt:g alt ► tnr

."" sttaca ant Sewer. t! • American. V•2 oL- raft

•

•• •38.*. .• • 6888111• egarreere =CT ra/us•anc, to rm-Li sar4

4

eattZlite ea WV.. I regret that I ncl. hive

to

illegible

on.1.1: a.- 8811.11::: • :Jo to i*Sttrett cur

• .t .8 ...C o :9:

lot

. • • . ..:-.- .

the: Tr?* r.:::wd on :0 Apr:1 3ST!... .031.• •

tt.n leva 1r tro -t ; :Irv: 1 nrzenif

•

Tcm Mgt.:ref! liowersr,

•P

:raft tc tr • . ::?s• ar of tr.,• Air scree imileateu

-trf wtt, •••• picpoa.: .

rttr.ore..nw:111ftgIrss to Nal% t . .

wt

...Ct . ! • f.• t It tate !3.: ilit".• •eleaa• of "alit':

- : • - . • ••• nonrer. e•• ••• •

S • •

s• -

: 7sn.

:••:-*/•••

••

e

: •
.

.

. • • • 1 • • •••• • .•••

4.-........ • • .... • .: •••• • ••••-• •••••+.44.

...-

••.; • ............ • ..., •

...-.141...,2

7:....*:.•‘:44,

iir. .40.... .9. 1,••• • ...7, ..... • . •:;7#4,t

..._ • ill•WAS..ra .... • .... .."' . • :: •:•,1•••n• .J.?../,0

0 TOT Soviet twiTliary: ' Oa 9 PA?, CAN Ain Direct:: of • • • %:..111.

. . •- n• 7. • .

. •

• • • • A .. J •

. • '.. • •••?• • ''...,. •-• le AC U%•

• et ••- "' • • .• • : ilp•••,:11.44F4'......;:-

.S.X. . •. •• .. • . 4.r.o. . •• ft:.•"....`-v•.,.#0..*'.....t. it. -.4 a.: %'. .'741.6•177•11 4.40. Advanced lterizelo . •

—U . • • • Z•-• • 141.•74‘.•n•;::.:ZIn-14. ..";.•:!•• .."K:••• 1*.•'-;.11."..77.*••

••••• • • • •

J•• ••••• 1 • • _ Ca

•• • J•t• • •-•••• • .1."1. •••• ""••

.e.•• ear"

*it appears upsteat, 

w

. Lit. ^10lOS v , ill . be called am • ,•

, to Eqteditei and te. denmasmo fatli- thirpra4perailoilni photo- - . —

"' • • ••• • • • -• -7, • •ft •Zelle-•-•..: • 6,1.-V•:

•

•

** •f••• 1,•••••

pas.: could be ready by 25 Juse.33.•

. •

0••• • • ••

take -1.Arstivm:

.•-3,

am: ritott it met thom, earliest posaibli date.* ARDC report*_ that the , • ,

47

eAtile the plamint iiiras acedilated ittert use ender wear. Dr. chimk44i

0- .7- Mar supplemented the earlier broad. gUldaeci with* dotal 'd listing •

110AL Wes Wirted. This ma passed to ARDC en 2 /hoe. Charyit revieied•

• : • W: •r

-. •

t- • re..•1ut anz• re:every nodes at data return and directed a re-examination

::414 tee, 1• fAas!ble, of additional camera equipmemt-- on-the-shelf • . .

. •

sr.! ir. 4evel:psont---fcr the purpose et 'Improving tne *recover, rapt . •

g2p..02::t. Char,* 0101) veouested the earliest possicle flight &Aster the

.• • ••

stv.ra: payloads het with the follewtre priority: visual recovery, wigualv.

r....d:Lt. and ferret readout. Finally, eharyk directed the develop's* of .:.

essentLa: capability to randi• ressona'cle fashion soy'

.

from the R 4 flights.* Coce o ruction and developsest'ot

• •,..:••:#Ant

graphic potential ot:projed. Idillne:ItAs desired that you •

have a plan prepared.to scoospliakthis purpose; and that

it be . e4baitted to the Ileageineloard iith the least delay."

7_,"; • _

Following a oonference the nest degOsnang pharyk,•Wilson, Schriever, ir4

ethers, ms/D on 16 Nay directed ARDC to carry out the dlrectel p:anning'

YJ •• ••' • .

r:Trrnt :goo• F,,.=3 and emphasised the exlsticE technllal un:ertairties amd:.::--t•ifri

- . :74,1

..

" a they wsu:d likely affect the ultimate operational system coLfiguration...1 .

'

it

..::. .:

. •

T.: c:viate these tr:certainties, Charyk prftseotad a oww set or rules far tote .

•-..: lel

tr dreenme ur t • e mew development plan. He wa•tee parallel testing of both' '-s, .
•••nn•-• •

•••Ni-LI

-

rl••• •• 4- 1`.

•• . iv* :11' • eiferl.:;::. ;1:

ea the baturd•Of .Pobggeka: ..74.7t44164":47ef; • - • • • 1::%.* on• flaw;

4,4

oriantatisa Nis the etTeit

4.4 • • I "'• •••n ;TT ..•

••• • • • • .

Usl it essantial that the Air Periciies

• • •

thineompler in thn old .; •

- •

fe.allities cassan with-

•

• •

". • •JIAZif.

.....-,:t

. .•

The Older SecsetasT et 910 gr11Porice6sp/syt i ambez: of operational . •---.1\0

- a :

. • :••r--; V.:.... . : ..:-•-c,...t7,-t. ., - ;

questions dealing with $1141seeties of iin :i441eili far 'esstralling 3ensa • *-- - !...

. ....

--,.... ,.-• • " •-•.- .4 .." • •• • . II.

• .. • • . • • • • •

•

47 •....1•• .• ..

inflight duties amid for. preeeedeg :

sid. ' the intelligence etake.w .. .

which t17 cas elated— to. 'see ' • •spit'sT'theso

34 - • • • • •••:*

Samoa. • • • • . •• -••• . •" •

:. • . - •

•

' Ow° ..1...zir...

Nertin bombers plant near SAC besdgeartare, as currently pisn:Ad7 Why S.... I,

.. •

reactivation of etIJT'portias St the begs plant desirable? Shankt

;sacs and Midas centrals prooessing, and dissemination activities be .

.-...

., .

. .%

-entered there, especially since SURAD mentedlegas facilities oonblide-.:15.FV

.:-- - boo. of RMFWS and other warning systems? Finally, wss It neemssary.

•

.-rvioe w-L161 surirliauilit. prevLsiona 'Cr tne :AMOS frvam: compl.tx • .....,

. •

••••

. •4;,..

.....4 cr wool it be outfitted en a peacetime basis? 1".aryir directed the. Air •. •• ...:.....3

. .0...

., :tart to study these operational questions ani fttrbish the fie;d chumands

.

... • .44:....:4i

• ...f.:.. • -.0••••sio• wit:. meltable guidance"! • : .... .-1-,4,4Art

.

...in • -, w

.

.-...-.

?he Air C.taft thoraighlr reviewed the operetiWnal points rsisirti-1."10

. .44+ •:-4.1010f..

r.harra, obtained answers for some, seri concluded that others atet? . .iebaie tri%3411.

. ,

' •• • . • Th4iiii await the reenIts of actual flight tests and-additiansifteical advice •*...1-4

'. :-:-• .,..• ... ::•kt.

from AP.X. 150 beadgearters decided that it was not eisential during they

. , 4

transition period IS bays es-lesatlen of the operations centscl *setts MC • u. - ••:: 4. : •::.,

- - . ...--•

--SECREF--

the processing facilities. It also agreed to conduct a oR D fain

:g

•
• ..1..."..*ir.....16. 1i.17WP"0....;110?"i;Wt.441.".

4 ";

.

• • •.

.

- - - •••••

' ••• • "n.?

.44, •

exploitation sea peacetime operation &on.

. . . • ....1,..•••••: • - *at!: "••;•-'2,:.::14. •

- - • •*f

• • • • •••••

Midas processing wipes& belonged with that of Sams or 1. .--

uvr s!"- * •r:V couple: is Colorado and proposed fUrther study befttio....A.

•••!

'Sy '

. . • •-...0:4)

•

•::••••:ff

t • .1.1

wIth an advisory note that it was is no sense final. The guidance was

tieing provided and was applicable only for purposes of exploiting Sameztrtved zLtained in-the num, test period. The tine: snipe of the

-n-retz.14 1 •yst4m would await revolts offbe .srecing drie!vnmIr*. The

aye nee would rely rrinarily on- eestimp :growl fa-t:!tt•s and

if if/ ••

autner!tion st this time and constituted in certain reepe:ts support of

Air Fnrc, conentrrerter efforts.37

Lat.a naturally, P. abrupt cessation of intelligence flow from G-2 4: ‘,

.4...+4

overflights cf the Soviet Union Gassed major concern is AC3/I and 314.•

3e. oral Power in a series of letters to Gen. White on 21 May, 16 June, erd19,411

N. J . plwa!ed.to get Pie Samos program *off contort).*

toe.lepaent proceed with renewed vigor and all possible speed,* that the 4.00

r:EStP.?" •

ptiLascpIty of ecnourrency be give!: *added •mphasis,* and tut a losiring,::.

. .

reposeful nalsteeent° te era:Z.:shed. With tut spiral:a of .1!"...*

• 'NV

'

a

Reso

-zi"1- . •-• '7-i.T. of a small portion of tbsIlartia may

:X

isi th:

•

• of the 11* '

- "- *.: -:::, ”:"'-er: .. ••••• • - ;!"1.44+4.4 :11: :.-.;..--.C": 'af `.•.:: ..... • , - • ' • -

neither Nileilldeanty mo • Mobile_ sn:Iiro• gPlisoN. • lriaallgro . the Air stair wig:,

. .

• 1.1 '

•••• • ..%•IC •J •.* •Cr.:(

4:: • :*31,..Y.Nt •

• •IF

to...decided ubetber

4t! NCRA6t s warning

reaching a d so Is Ian .36 •

The Air Staff distributed the operational guidance or 29 .J..ne, along

equipment and would be quite rudimentary imaaturs.

;m7pcb-!: ryl ..enm appeared

Nevertheless •- the '

to be the t••st LA's• could be *sold* to higher

Me asked that -...:74M0

?;4111
„ 0

,,t.• -4_,, -,.......... '-• . . . .n ..,....

-‘44-T.j.'''

. 0.•-'

. .:b••••

•

..;:!;:..7%... •e: ..f 1 :i27.. ---

" .''',.1.-- -I -.--•

.44 :• • ' n ... ...............r "'..t...371:6.r.lit"4 -•- , 4 ...-i - --:,- 4-. , ., 4, -1, • -.r -,-...„, --,

•....:- .11111.0"...ete...., -,.. •, .2.42aiijral 2441, . • • . •• •••••• . • "!'-`• '-- - 72.,:t . , ,

. • • - .... . .. • T... .. • . . 4r4

.

. 2 . • • • •• I ... .....'•n•n•••• .• ,

• • • ••• • . .....: . . - ••• • •• •• .. . • • . . ,.., •: •• . .. • • •-: .L; ,' ' '''. kg. 49.* •,.114, ; '-'',- . ...:e•41;nC ::%.6 ..4:1. :t.Zalr:I.. .r..7.1r.0:61"."1:te3Pra -• U -/•.''. . -ss-4.)4'

o---:-., .

e - - ,e.--'

..-... 7. 4attii . .

 iiitatia ....ti•.'&"1 . .i.- .*.--....--6.,..., ;I.'. '

- V.7.•••,;"

•••• a, . - • . -

4 thy ibraticaratiarat,...-2-N. ki.:-.7.w,......-1,

.-.

.a .: i • . . 2 o t•••••P 2.2..

. .• ••••••• • • .. • • V ..... ..... • taj •• overeLi .... ghte or the lioelat ;Ram Awned Do301 ,.....:-.P.:..„......7.v-ma.:LT.:0.......:.v.•... . •• atom la 

.. . .

£S/I. and far ' • .` =.411

• • • • • • •

. . ../,'.4ft•-t4li Vi

aid both Ind P

• -

ai

• 4-,

tis

‘ = a • • II .41 .... ..... . 0. s :iv . ....

' % -.121g4LIZA•ti".'2141.

toragnagii- " • Ilitiefin ler tiny miestari7• n.-142-0,:iii:7n-Kr: 03asiderad in.ferwilatlag tho •jf:Lek. ...,• ..,.....:„•-• ••• - .... bekia-lwanmimodadmignimmirdmmidew ir, Is a series :

-.-- gv.i. 444,

-- • "*.••• •,.. • 428i: . .42. ••n• • ... •• •••••••• • . • ..

. . • 4.€2,.. Ask

• ' . letters to. 34A. *du ea n Ng.. ..,,...4.):: 36 Junes -and tie. AIDS Gale Pant SeadlIC*".iil - . ... • :. ...-- • •-....,..• • • -. • -.-. • -

• •

to eet t!wi Sams proms 'aft oe

.

ters•-•il&a e* bed ae tht d velopment p4 reesm .f ' .: • .- 

•• - -...

...:**:.:.'':-•;"!..- :?;::Pii:-.:****'...; alMirdatainewomma "with reaseidel vigor ad All possible ••:.:=:-..,• -,..:': •p•slj• that the • ••• ..-:•••

.

........- • .:, . • ...,..... • :,. : -•• •••--. • .... , ......J"-.‘ :.. .• . ; 'al t• : :Tr.::

4.

3' c errency b gives "aided eiphasies• and that. a ustrouts.. .:•• • '

• ....• • - : :-...---. 7 .. • • - ....g • .....

•

.... r.. 1.. : C . , ;urreeertal nanagement• be theist:I:A:le& liltk. tr./ questioo of ••• • -•••

,.

.... trAr ....'.3.T.:::.-1 Mid p

rocessing coerlea its •the Offett area, popilarly demi ....

• .0 • • •

. • s•n•et•o.

•

•

""4:ej

•

•

""

. .

wiarly rtzv • • ..;•: • •• "• • .

o geni. wassiapiimi !bid tilhad,11.1:. rawer'

. 38 - • ..•

are;-• the vela/we of fends. Ai:: -.V

LS/I Joined Paver is asiking a speedup in Same developmext . • -.Nr, •r.

rawnweeirammi Doted its villincosse to foredo early FA (elootronta porolt ••• • • _

to *la an

▪

 incre-Lew prchability of axons in 1-1 visual adsayei.om

arlt e r

f...atl=s. Ca '21 hoe, wren mmemimedees the cut &ince was beilg worditldiee

t. •

tntelligesce official@ expressed Don-einc-orrenee with the 

•

detilloiVelt ft"-'

ikmaruetion of tee Offatt ground coNclas..39

*". -

'" • •Ilt • •n •• •L•i's
• - . •

•- -

. • • • •

. %. ;

••"•_.:•

. • .. • - • • • t:-.:1*

." • .

. •fr %pt. .41p

41,or

v.)

.:‘

the control and proFesping complex in tbm411i

Niir17 Mt! atilt ‘1410"14 4# Oa :10-ta4di

• . . !

••...1.• • •• •‘?" • •

favorable decision the • rslessi of 'Amdo.3f 'Ilia Air Staff; of crouriti, • " •

,•.,

.. , .t. .

• rr . :

i :

'Oak pripslarely . igisiag . : . .i. ,i.'"

'°111:->NI:40,z?"

ded ti

.

-- .f4.;..ni-tf

Cia..buor pushed fora • .::_, .:-....., •

.S• its 29 June guidance ruled agdinst

47.5/I joined Power in seekingl speedup in Saxon ceveloyeant and in

pm:Li/feting some of eeeminglylimlf-ittepo being tabs or planned. AM/I noted .°

4;

willirspese to forgo ear37 P-I (electroetic Meet) testing to allow an • • 

incr•*sed prctebtlity of sutees, le 14 embspeter evaluations. Thie

intr:/iren:c cfficials also expressed nonconcurrenne with the 29 June

••••

rztflanCe corterrtng construction of the OffUtt grownd comrlem.)9

. 4

t! ..:34 protests of interim cr halt *assures. Ger. White cou:A only ,

.

- - ...*?•••1'.it

pAr• tc the f.ets as they existed. According to the :hie of staff, Dr. Tint, .4:t

..

....

54,1r.M. cf -is scientific edelsory groups had libeled earlier SSW*

as' egrarAtose and • nrealistie and it wee quite inoesible to obtain '

- vs: ft.r a nal prem.? of :a•. currency, tattoo& the Lir Torte would • 1;

. tar. It every opTortmnity." White Contended that the interim

clt:tnei dnring June was the ''Ve.t night& we can sell." He leo noted •• 1

rsenr several other operational obstacles (KM to be hurdle' but otecludedt

•

'he tt'• ,0711.3!d 40VOATIPCS , riirtrat ZS t* b• presentee:ft°

-i: hescsiort•rs early in July. if coepletey responsive to the above

euisamee 17-.Pr. wad 29 Junel will get Samos off dead certor and an to •

•

tracr..n&►

Tne Air Porte had ihitiated'its ;Lanring :cr en early !ru •s ex-

.

;14,atior capability in obvious articipaticr of Admimistration and GOos

freestone/ reaction to the 1-2 disaster. This reaction U33 not long in

a. •
• •

•

•

4.:;•;=4::....:31~.."4;.:.-it.,%. • .

. •

•

• .

.

cooing, altivair. ift. aa"/ respects, :math, air-Fosee. of . ••*.

.• • • $

owed ia s verltabie Pandora's lox. Cin 10 Juno IWO,. Prlieddent 31senhowee

. •

• • " • •

.

• .• • .,.a._•••••••:*.:

asked See'retar7 

Cat;"tare"114.141.the 412."

and 

thel aria lisc77-.::.1771 by the end of the worth on the following lis3orss the int.,isiewe

c ”:!tr or Lam:s„ tne tPthhiial fees:Linty of meetAng tLai.

:n•

tn.; ple•.s f:r Zamr.s. As events transpired, • team of rt:we--...1r. -.2aryle ' a.

Jer. Ir.2? Tork ss deFety, and Dr. George 3. Lietigionosi-y, the Preeidantte':'.4

.clertific ...Avirasr-.....-is formed to ease the presentation h.:. resolution

:t&

zisnyrJA4-.r4071, develspoent, and operational questions

p.ite.:Ate 2S Augmet

81 • • duvet the President's call for ro--erwz.inat:= -f Samos, • Pr. •• • ••

.fnee . :rTrrl".60.1VIS -.41:Mettft i3SUed Yht the Kw 1.rx :'s4 ??in r

4. ' :fr...." report. In :ht .: instance, tke tt4VX.ttte deemed it

- arms-141.--y t: mov.: t:rwart. at rapidly so possible wits

rPcconaissence satellite prograa. 0 A:mu-Giggly, the committee proposed

7-ar sprroprist!::. .. 1:0.:‘y for :Au' that

.

s ;• •-•.:••n th• th. h.pe of obtsi-4'g.:

cnt'par tuo....ter. The sews day, 12 Aim%

. .

Senator lino-. Johnson, 10 a.telarlsloo efPailmOncos Proliclud $ aliffsif..:7.7..7117W.

-. • ,. 1.7 .: . • r.' r M

;mr.: s rlo f:r nirlDS. t. ...• ia:..7 •

:.-.7.4

.-17E-Afi Thos.- actions provided additional cause for an intensified and :.:* •

broadened re-emmulnation of roams to irtlude not only the ptading technical

. ..:;.r.....?.

r. ...".emmect Int VA irtelligente rwr.::—..ze'nts, and the mlinagiment and ....:1

.

.4.1- rrn ..rna-twl:na. structure as W....e.b

 ..... ev0-.t.%. reStat WI sol.ersi decisive

• :•
uncertainties. ami 81r.i.l .tbi.start•MtILte'll- •

"panel . tz. prognia.,.. ....: .....,..•.....,...,:v,A 47.........

"--.. :id,. .i.:•

"

....1".......-• - •• «too or.

..* 4

6...,

...

--•-...r. _ 4,. •.

. ...• • • . • ... .. .40.'"'. .b. .r"VP.' . • . - . • • • •

. .. L , ...A

ri.-rtiseseit of the tiaridis Yanhattimi• effort and the current air /*mi .- sad :S.1".?."*.ft;:

. ..

, ..,,..„,.

- • • ..

..- ,..... .... - ... .- .14 '*--;.--: . .

• .. ... I. ' 1." . .^•,..t.C.....:::*

...

 ....• .• •'. • r:

.. • •••••• LP." •• t. ••• °...E4a7- - ' • " • t • • .. • .• ..-•.... r Navy ballistic missile preastme---•.... :: •

•-.••. .: •••._ •-- • -: , •;.. • '

. • • .... g ••• f ••• • .•A.W... • • ..:t•4 ay early is Jaly,4/10fD treiindisd a mbar of devel.cpmert proposals :.

for Atr 3taff and 0.7.E. coesideratied, preparatory to sUbmitti• r thm folmal

ce,slopment plan requested four weeks earlier. 7he proposals were based

primer:4r or the 1 jure and 29 Jane guidons*, tiodlcgo of a hie.ly technical

report rendered by a special groupinier direct ef Bruce H. Waling's,

4L.L.kluant :4ecial Projects), and intellirence require r's recently

re . 1sea ty *J".ited :states Intelligence Board (CZ2), a rr. 4th

ri :roam= goverment/el ift6e1114enzie

prcoos•d a =oft..r of aeti sd.s1gr.el to broaden tt./- tothrimal

of the mow Program and basesialllaii aremesiii• The divbacor" ".

"« •

ftt 14../.are-t' $ o :*nrqst!cr. art spied:*

thl rivr of di/enclitic (e-vircnncrtal), component, and sys-.err flightCosts;

*A

cr .f • P...art4f.l.mczt Subsystet F

• •

sffcr-, rirp.1f:catlar. 6: the earl; ..q.:tp-..ere., and a bust cf others. i•

. • , • 47•117.44

. 4W •

. p lieM • • 3."

•

37, :esev ft:zre: *.c. the receTer• code. 7r.-re mould be

•

suggested the use of additional oamtraotors in both supervisor; and: ' •

levelopertt roles, development of &Unmet, er backcp polnals, more

frevcr.t Atiss-boosta launchings, employment uf other feasible boosters

er Z$ vArrent4 rlarr..,4 • ertid 7

4

tn lae a. elly 11 vls-a: via !erre' rtaiv.-.' ' pet flights. The

--SECRET-

:

.1 •••• ... •

.Ln
T • eh

Ite " • • • • • •• s' • ‘. • ,

division estimated .thecost of Me Woad.

..

*A. • -

for 'Placa few 19E.1 i410`to t-

.

request and the Congressional add-on

To WV and fir 3taff officials and interested werldri.

representative, r.?ceived these proposals between 54 July. Fe ..- . 10- .ac

fererally favoretle and suggested ohmage. were few. dine: 053 had reeent4

asr-igrod Atlas Cooeples 65-1 at Vandenberg t0 the Illikte-Zeass ;Topaz.,

th- A:r Staf: pmposed construction of an additional two-pad :Am.:a laur:Mrg

adjacant to the Witting ommleteat Pt. Arguello, to ellcw flextr.i:tty

ached-41in, and saf.guard plans kr one fregooltt L

5' 72 I• arr• vivuld involve the conversion and use of an asinine :a: data

r% va.sing at Westover aFB in developing and dietributine photorrwpt.: "taAt."

Aft presented the Mira &milepost* plan, dated 12 .holy 19601, to

GI 1... t The 1st's!. approved it lilt e sow. alteration', lavied on

4te-utst.mt wits C3 and Aclicistration eciftltifi. officials. TN, r.ornittee

; ' .. 1 t e•e ;.4' to Lhar.g. 1 tnelude a turf'' -pad Irmrcht-r co,-;1ex !in

Lf tvo-pad proposal). deletion of tharilaritant too:Men- and

a: pk:stltie, of Thar/Arena and That 1-- • :trre, art u"...izetior.

t- t!• r4•:MUM extent of At- fa:la:ties. AF •• A2s•. rea.tz-• . L'41

4 r-s-.leer of LW*. :r.rtatLne I:-

rrNm reedlut to reoevery.4►11

-•

:r. T. weir heard a presentation -r t rt ph?. drr--rr. - : 1 j.IY:NILIe

rot t nIriettately aprramo the plan it entirety, York pyreltted

:.art cf eacitroction on the new tclplcx other

actions moseeear, tar protect objectives and schedules. He planned RD

••
mremrArvisasavtarlik.

Communications Seenrity/Electronis Intelligence Advisory laroup

•

140

. ..... . •., . • ••,...

.

V.. • ••••.•• 1.•4:7:. :.1'..1=„ii.:::117...•" 00.445e-liji i!:• .sta...4.*...::.. ....• " .

...

.. ,

. •

decision en. t!lu t:411,,,t,....,,, tigivrigptet 3,11.74,..1 fed U. 473. et so.';'••••••%li . *. i

I 4 , '1. - ,-,3:::•-:.•..*4: • • ;.' •.:."..;.:•-• i.",-1-7.4"• • •7 1Kn :•:-r•tItgav, "... ''.."-•:':•% "."147:....":147:m.,

tbi 1,Irsi f'ver .irt.2111,411.0:•-....M.14.1.111 4001P--Studiad the-Seteeeming a..1 ' "- .4

.

-:.• ..... . --:._ „a- - • .11.-....4 t - 4. ' 4 • • •• • - • -• . • - 1 ' • ,.7....V. . r

dined:Sties eahjoet• ...106-'.7-*.t4V-IF'r-1.1'.*.:-.4... :'..-

.

• • ", FA' ..4.6 ...I 1.•••• • .. kir • r.

. •

. • • • • ••• • ".S.: 1: ` . • . • -••• . . . .

.

Ca 22' eAr. the iii :keit eidir.areeted AMID te v revise thlt drvelnp, -..z.1 • • .::

' 7 * . ':...7.f."41;.- ,•:* Z • :••• • " . •

•• • •

• et. .4/ • • : • • • 'N.,il:

mer.t Oen -in line with tie, latest ape iuml WM changes. The revised --z:14%.--:- ii -• -. ..: . - L;-

version wan ready cm 11 APSES. hnlereetelAY ant ea 15 ingeet• as

.4;4:1St:a

- _ • _sr

. . _ . • . _, ........• , • • .

. • „...44mhs

committee approved the plea icatili!'eisica '

-Tilatiantillised must at ":•• •-. 4 "•44•'. : 4. . . . • ..* . .4 ...; .

11.1111over the stu17 pleasant 1111111re then Tint tad . • ..-7.:-.--1

- .- ......

. 7 •

tentatively allowed in April 1960, Pending USD and Presidential apprmvs .

1, ......::: *:".;:,

gr, .1.,

•••• • 1.•

• ••• .

• -

•

.

. .• :• • : •34 • -a*-67-.94,

,-

•• . : • •1 ro . ar•. •••••n ,....

-

••••• •at 1,... ••

.

. 

AFTOD to take all meseurve necessary to protect the

are 9.•1► •11.11 • of the latest plan.La

At the time (1$4 Jay) Tait bed received a briefing on ttr.

.:147 deve)opamt plan frac the Air Force, the MR d E-COIEDITAMBECALIE.;.;:r...

: • advisory Groupe headed by Dr. William O. Baker of Sell Iblephone Laboratediir..,

-

had Freeected oomeente :Ad reoconesdatione on all aspects of the SM.206 •*." t

;rem.: •echnisAL managerial and operatitaml. the advisers 1::•1`;4.:

it• critical of Air Porto technical worts. to'date, claiming that b.-ft:s4

lt tad best *overstated and underdone," Specific erltleimms were leveled .

at the readout utEat recovery problem, the proper role of ferret - 144

:a •

reconnaissance, the and sophistication of Stbeysten I, ths .

:-:;:#41

efforts for oes:orreney, and ether sect tee/mica: areas. Fortmatalf, the

••rimianess of these charges was mitigated in great degree by the tadmioni ,
•• :"•••

;* .24 j•-:•„.•

••• n •

. OW. •

•

17.1

• . . • "t

' •

e•je. I•

a•

. •

fora!' • , •Arl;

t.. 131.

..1,'• • 'L'in • 44:4'41-41440

_madmeitiOLcios, nperrialok, ""

376.42, • !••••• ./4 . " • .4

of CINu7k and 'ark.. seschei this reOriantat4en was

. • aimed directly at the sue' palate raged* the Biker Group.,

The advisory grasp also dinemeed at' leigth tbeepastion of program •

. • • ' • •

nanagesaut..In its opinion, ra,ttitia fasts of on a

•

national basis and later OM as intrereatiosil. basii,.dictatid Iloperstlinal

and/Or execetivo control ref the Skase prop by an organisation capable

cf sponsoring both military and civilian peacetime utilisation, and of

.

.

expeditiously and effectively exploiting the resalts.s The advisory

mop Lheretor• propped that ommitive reeponsibility• overall direction, •

or..rational policies and plane, and prieritiee .....for both civilian and

•• m:litery applications of Some t. vested In a new 063 offibe or ender .

sr ex.rt.ing o-eorloh as the Office of the Assistant to the Secretary of

2eftr.se for :racial Operations. The Air Force could oontinue .to manage

tn. research and development effort, but the advisory cup wan -ritical

th- current arm oryaniastion for Sanos and proposed at expulsion to

tt.:ade tn. use of highly knowledgeable pereme already available elsewhere

to the Air /0/40.e.

• J4.

It. advisory grospw . reconnennatione on executive remoduribili*wal

but the latest of a rash of proposals on this particular subject: Other • s

aggncies withLmandeutaida DOD had node similar suggestions in past weeks,-.---..;1/44

and the Air Force viewed thee with concern. Dasioallir, dissatisfectImm_

edmn ed to store frets the fact that amens would be a =jos national TIMOWCO .

. .

indlepensatle to the nation's security and perhaps ;lay -a significant

•

•••••••••.1.•••••.),,ous.4.

. . •

recrientation exercise tatder say since

Ie.* •

•

• ..

•••

r:;

;..&•

. •It
..•n••

.. .. . t. .. • ?.; A r*"..:,.4.....-7.. t: ,... ,;', ... ..f.. ••*.:- •: .;:. W.: •.,;*J-.

-*

- -• • -- .•-..4.-F.;:ii .....:.::••.--:-:. :.-.7 4.. :: *:;- t,;...

..; s . - ".... ....74:41&. 4.40W1C;:i'*.; :it -.. .".. sr.:

.

• 

. •• • •• • • 1•7. ••=• ,_. :` . Z• • • • ' .0 • : -

•• ••••• •••'‘e:•:•• • .• . .. ••: 0, • •• . .. :•• - •• •••,/".‘"&k • . ...I* a. ,...• VI, .: . •.••#, •_ sr••••":13.4

•• 0:•• Si_ .. ?••••2 0.. I • Mai" ...• ••• ".°•• 7. i. ../.: • international role is the quest for =rid Pe4eft *. Al/ gin tato. -

.. • •, *.* ----,•':

• • • se • •

. , ; ;;-• • d;',, -.'....g::311••:ftiz...::::-1,•• '. S.:, 44. * :•:- e; ,---W:

officials outside the Air Nora it appeared flit- the . Lie Toros as iiitakt '...-----:k !Ft.

.

.-: ..••• • • %.A ....• . ----. •-..1:-•:,',•• :`"+: ,•• 4.:4"60:Z"1

an developdng and operating float priaatilr fOr its mai rem814 ,..44i51.1:i

. .• .. .4,.., . .

. ......‘i • ••;.`••

lairpsess. others questioned Air Verso efepstemmy la phstograpde ••• -...g.iz .„ .2.

. . '-'..:e.'16.',Is • •:. -* • ..t...A.: • " .....:• ...

intelligence matters and sass feared that the Air. Peirce wanted . to became. N

•,,...• !e le. ..:, ..t ..,.....44; ' rit . ::,.. ..... .. ....t.....tlii:

the matimiLl intilliganci Rake'. • • •;.- -: • • :•.;..... : ...

It was for these reason, the Oen• late earIy im. the current reorientation period emphasised ths. mttar necessity of establishing a plan , •

•

thht both recognised and corrected the Widespread views of eumpicion.

rzr example, when the Lir Staff learned at the 1 July diszuselons

c-wm, high Administration, CIA, aid OODI officials en the matter of new

-

Samos management procedures, the Assistant Vice Chief of Staff cryptleal*.. '46

nnted tc Oa. Lefty: *Were we go again—sore Gillette procedures.*• Be •

;

tr•lis in order to assure that the Air Force gets the operational Samoa . .

V

•

•

•

•

the numerous managements proposal' which were put forth. Mese moot r;i4..,%-w;

•

fr.= the estahliehmmat of as OSO office to creation of an imterdeparnaTni:

arryn to placement of esecstive authority with a special MSC cosmditee.

. 

In the end, OSD presented to ISC end the President a proposal that pis •

satisfactory to OW but !fit de to the Air SUM ••-

.

P .

. • •

. .

.44

• 4.

•

V:

*.i.11.y. added, . silsongb I feel sure the Chief of Staff will agree to

The Air !taffspent Adroit such of August resisting and countering

0The Gillette committee late in 1955 recesnehded the i of special

management procedures in DOD's accelerated efforts to develop and

operationally deploy ballistic missiles.
ecientiste• .

...••

.

:- • • -r • "It;It'

•.• • • 41. _s..,;,! • • wit; •• n -.,:tifte4 it he sondocted on se very MI PrtorIVA•• iionierned the . paseograola :44

1.00•1117 node and would involve tbi;ose oti ntiverel different cameras aulftbdpc47::;

for purposes of idastifying width eertainte aissile'rites allot ceer. -.%;";‘.•

. • • •

atnction And sempleted sad of reesnline* state.eUreadiness, type : '"••••4""!'..":4

. - • •:.•

-

of activity, and type bfidesiles at atchiiites. For the issallste, the •:.

• - . • ••• Air Force Wes to rely en resevely et see lint dowels" • as quickly as •possible

advanced land re.?vvery technique. Photographic reedest development =WI

:.•

continue but at a lswer priority then recoVery; the extensive (nand- . • .0-

, •1

based readout systole originally Armed by Oa jihr Peres was to be art

t'• .

back wart subseaseleur and pinnptly. w Parrot swoomaalseance

^-

,

also continue but et a still lower priority than photographic readowt.g

.•:. • .•

it effect, IISC and the President had endorsed the technical position •-M-1

s• espoused by Kistlefecritery, Tort, Cheat, and other top Adednistretiae'• ••

.. : .

. • •• The President als ► opeelfisally approved the ]sue of the first::.•••:"

Same eqoertnentel satellite, scheduled for September 1960. priiideraf-C:. -40.41

directives dealing with Samos, be had always reserved decision an tils 1j"A

..

particular action. Ms lad mused same Air Pore* officials to feeen:.t.teit*:404..

the President used withhold predation to iusich Sams art•Lutes 'tier •

•

resew, of =desirable political repercussions. His latest doelsioa Si the ."-,-1;

lake of the 0-2 controversy dissipated this. fear. •

. 4727.1111..

•:.

.4tA

. •

. to•

•••• • ••
• • • A. - - le, ‘;-:isi-i!.:.7t!.taici..,- • -", •:- --''-:: . :-,.-; ..:4.:. u. tif."4 4..V1*.:S::: -is:: ...- •,..• •, • - --- ...,!....•............14.:.... .'.' '.....2.Aw

"1"" ' . 4..? ... ....j. 71;Y:n• 0 

ri...:....5.1. • 14! . NE : —. .. . t_

*

...

-..r 44:N -- - - -. . .. 

• : • :4 .1 1 :.. s 7:: •

": ..:.:". .....s::: • :.• • .4 ... "MiXe..T..*••;n . .... '• . . . . ... . •

The Pieoldoot igruid to tits Semis'

.

 ud crideiel • t 77''''''

. • . 4 •

• TO • •

•••j• • • • IT • ..AS r4, • :4 •4011:31;xlcitiotr :: 

that the program "be thellreetnese. .theAir Force

. • • • .• s: . Ark.? • • • .R • • .

 •

hike used en . a; wit Omit, seCarp: top IINioLlo of oworriarld -.w- • •

PrioritY..Thi.. goad loot Imo dons:* a Liao of coward di:yeti; from

,•n • •• • • •••

• • • • • 7. • ••••

the Secreturot the A4 payee to a gcOmnOdticer in operations: charge

. ••

of the whole program. Appoprlatelimede of technisal experts at the OSA.

and field leiels would serve as advisers, aadidlitary organisatians

would render administrative and loftotleal support, as required.55

Secretary Sharp vutotlittio tuns lalliotallios the new structure

and procedures. Or 32 *gigot, Sharp established the Office of Missile .

sed :atellite Systems within his sum einem to assist in discharging

tie respoisibility for the direction, saperwisien and cannel:of the .

ras Project:" The Secretary also designated Brig. Gen. Moore% L. Greer,

rptently Assistant Chief of Staff for Chided Missiles and currently •

*" ...P. 44.%•••••

,.. ..e. . ...... . ... 46...'? •1•n ••. 6.• •• . ... . •

.soier•d to APBMD, as Director of the Samos Project. Greer was to organize

. •

• a. !Aare Project Office at . APIDIDes California complex as a field extension ...-

. 1.

ZZAi and carry out development of the satellite. . • -

Stoup istabilibeetew addles* bedlam: tint; *iv !Meant:st ir- ':•;;14

connalsoance Advisory Oroup,would consist of a standlag cintaittoo ot

,•

tour — leaders in'the field of electronics; photography; and datallemdling-..i

7.:At

augmented as ocassiosidmmamded by anus...Mr of technical experts to-_----Jiiigof

consider specific matters and make recommendrtions. The second adviser, :-;j

4 • • • .• ;• •

6.3. la AIN: •

proup-n t). Satellite lipoonnalsoanco Advisory Council— would include • -

:harp's top tour civilian aides, the newly created Director of the Office

-44.4 

missile and Satellite Zystemm and three Air St..ff members: The nee • r .

.

-
1; • :••• : -• • •

.

• . • .

•

•

•‘• * •'•AndlitMey biret •

•

. • . 'Ai: • -

t_01.44,035,-"' i• 1,;•••.•. diS4arspew; • 1447.! '

• .

• • Ibmilor Mc Soros- thresh •

••

•• .• • MI .,•• •. • 41.•

...n ••• hie • .-•

desareasa beatled reedisti • ""tiritisi ii'llsaos. =AP heed. • •

. • .

quarter: Cod the tialdsamands, 'ficenresit Isere virtually isolated from -•

all pesos of planning and combetini pee .pruviat the 'Gillette p r

iawar •

••••

eedures asa-pncitted Wi hesmkgaiitoreebutesist•a * saril degree of. pikkiipa.-..

Mr and bootlaces oviiithe aisproafvelithavesh retention •

of the ATSMC-AFOND point arbootacbn tit Assistant Chief of Staff ter •

Dade! Xissiles---vithin the Air Matt. Vitt' the net Sues preteens*. :::•••

yrcgras were not FertienlarZy bright, the outlook for the Mae gas.

- ::.c7;-•.

. -

- :•••• . ,-;.!„

. . A

. r :':

'• •:°4111 ,.... ,......i,

entirely bleak. The specialoirsanisation and peeeedures were directli - •:r*:;::•..

related to the researdrpel development effort and the *visitation of !AUK% )--'-

teat data toi intelliginiee purpose. MAT hopes rested 

• •.•• :a•4

with the post- .......,.:.-4

-.- •.• • lf

dowidapmet pseader-P6• 11.111 Stan- "illielsell WI "tat to the 431114 .4.441--;.1•.:;.j4... ... • • a.

..

t._ .6,:jrie": . 44;* .. V% 40? n ...11,1.f... .....:. 4. !;'. .*.. : ' .1. ato 41.-- e• .....0... • na•3. . e .. fl• • :L:r : .

. .

•

30

•

to spied& killdstafto.

.•: ngr: %if '

• • • .4 • it.

SS

olludirine.et .

.:asfial 4

•

•

.

* end tits - 7

UDC* Mr 1110 411n11.4 Saft ael roWAsw. !4"49P1M194... - 2°—

. • -z,A;•-•t il:t1;:rt.7... 20;e1rt

'er.

would waist between tho' tielitefilito and OBAT. Morearir,

%mei only be given an a strict need-to-imov basis to Air Start and'

•.•

4

USAT repreeentatives as repaired for Siam soppoit pintoes or in the.

:oordination of related natter*. From a formal standpoint, the 1,37.

contact between the genes orgenisition and the Air its!! would

tn. Litter g e three individual representatives on the advisory eestaltr.

Although immediate prospects far ISSIP perticipation in the Sanoir*
• .1.:1 :141. z. .:--.....ky'r:' • - -. der; .. .....-7,7..7.7 •,:,..:,

 - .a. .• Si' vs. ' ;: ,,,,k ;,`;',W....ifuswA•• ••••,.:' '' —II . ' •

...i. •• , .....1„. . . „„ . - ; +' .

. .,- ,..:.....r:g,- : , , , . . .. "•%.1.2 "....1..:;

•• • :•••• . •!•••n •••••• -.7: • • •": :, ••• ':•:' .• '...../...:.: ...1.4:-=__

- ..."". U" • ... • ' : • • ' •

, .1_7.*111 46 .. 1.•n •;• . •• .

. . •.•

. , ..--• . . • ... .• no. ;

.. • *...: %.•'. . .:.n ,...• A . . 4 • • t . • t. .. .... , .

.

• ... • ••• • .i;e•• • - ... a , . .. '1.7- • • ••• .

. r•al.•".: •• i . •• • rt. r4 ...:%:,

commends Id leitifYirog Ow abort &air li**. snagaiii . . •

1:1.-cr.........Air'..:-...V. :-: .:1k $1114°E''W::•1;#;IVI:'.11Nigi3 .4

..:111b: iistierViaretbaraeterWICialtinitei sPmentional -:.:.

wet* lo-Aampletaleiesditionatiilijik:tbs imsessa g the .. •

meths& uldebliarb4.0441tot jb•ills.1174101 pogrom. •

lberetaisiiai•sliei M diffialiiii:IrA 11 .1rserea is ad.

to Jastifp offilitieu•sedia *ma•specifiee • .

instrostiono bill to isonsd terinsura Measly lategratian

're tails system in Air Fore* apirratiansI invettori.e'

- ---

. • • .• :1..

•

Despitf the long-belfil hishsab Athos.% gellesitkrotings Sums

development fbr months hod f1 rid p! a «it if sontipeous technical

•• •••"•*; -

indecision and reorient:bidden' and of thidequkts:fiesiatikl smart. The

--.. • results of the 0-2 affair wore oast infoitesiata bet they- served the cause

cr cartering urgently required higkilevoratention and definitive decisicn-

. • na?ing en the Samos program, now the leading candidate for attaining intel.:licence data so essential to thennatian ts future uell-being. The outcos. was most sallbrioos to Air Fors* objectives In the research and

dvvelopmert area, even them* Air Plies military participation res •

. •

everall United In the pronese. Ali Force efforts to gain acceptance

of concurrent:7 sresnres pore basically unavailing, bet this diffleultr

., • • ... V

had tasa pegs lit aPee ba,tav•

 dia‘Keeldr• lald-.;"1116" a° takT 4*ar • ..f.:4 - . ..

the fallowing nontbs, • So question of 3amos opentionai responsibility . •.:-

...

•

remained unostiled. • 2bo wpm et We question, bewever, decres.sedwith ..ocrig

the now prowls direction of the ley., lova 1461 pried.

••

. -4 .• le

rainlbilaB21121101=21011221LiaLURCLUSi.

await from the time of ARAM esiablisboont earl in 2958 and its

: ;4:

the Maine et Sams nanagenent, development, and operational responsibilitioi:- ri%

. ,

by early in Meoalber Me, the Air Force bad Obtained an CSMI-ARPI agreement- •

eseamptAmee of respeneibility ever all 'pace rejects, the Air Force sought

31
 • .1.., Te.

-

,

-.. • • • • • ''''n tr.; r

„r ‘ •.•:.••••• • .r ./Vw X..• ::.....:,.'.. -.. ::.,-,17,... ..s.:Jtit.,

-.. • ...0t1r;'

N..; .. 4,... V.. . . . : ../ - •%. ..t.e...:.....fi..4.2.t...

• .

.: • • 'r N..4 • -•-• V• •:• . .

•

•

•• • **” • . • _, 1.. %

. . * • 0.* - • . 4... IASAL-1:1" " " . 2..4. n•n S.4

. 7. -4164,... • --.-.:- 4*. .

. • • . .•

- :-:1 -'e '• . .. , - „...1 „,,,.. •-• . 4. •••••• • • : . ":- 4-,... Allis

•

. . .. -

. b • :"`" .% •••1" WU the assigissmt. by . the Air fora— ofi4.ii opsational respor.sibility far .' ,..... .

— -.4-:--,:-:;yle .

1...i..1:y.

***•"•etlf 1

.

' .:....47tz'',c4N

-...

ti

*.s

operational aspability. •,•

Several months later, Crider Secretary of the Air Port ► McIrtyre

proposed reassignment of all Se gos responsibilities from ARPA to Lne

Air Force. .11e1Cirry noted his willingness to consider a formal re vest,

which ram subsegantly submitted es 5 ilby 1959• McIntyre explained that

Samos had reached the point where OOVIiilla elements of the Air Force

Gould moon be involved in obtaining an operational capability, and this

@mad require a close integration of effort. Therefore, early transfer

of responsIbility, on 1 July 1959 if Possible, appeared adeantageo•s.59

.• .

AnFA had also been studying the question of operational responsibiliti.

Pa;„ it had drafted documents for tour space projects and proposed

wat Yelrcy send these to JCS for comment. The Secretary of Defense did

is on 29 May and shortly after notified the Air Fora that his dominion

. • 

• tr* :ay request would follow reeeipt of JCS reemmemmdations.60

relroy informed JCS of APPA's belief that Samos tad prcgressed

sufficiently to require early assignment of operational responsibility and

so allow timei ► motional personnel. tmaining;and budgetary matters. *r.

:1.••. . ''.:••n "V ••••.V

Af:ordingly, the Secretary wanted JCS recoorendations on three pertinent 77F%

• .

. ••

 .

.

._ .

• • ; ' .c. • - .

. • ..,,- the SEITRT papa to the ADC for the.nect several 'mire and until fial '7.i'. . - '

-:, • . .:%.. .., - - , -

., • '.:

ebieettive am obtainid.f511 This inis riminiscint of the plan omployet,1 •1 .•n •-.:

through ;Wiwi% hallistie nissiliv Wiwi • Ileelopent agency rather than

an opeational vnit hod the job of building upend operating U.. , inzial

•

3 2
S 1••

points: selection o

•

 f the operational sommind; .disigbatiat of agencies

other than the openattin to we aume-derieeddatand. i priposed • '• —• arrangement for oieratouser relationships, and imtication of the :ermine

to tarnlahloglotionl and Inednet—inrovoasst aupport to the operating camaand.61

AsanWhile, A. Burke had opened up within JCS the core fundamental

question of the creation of a joint nilitery command to conduct all space

operatiens. Determination of Soros responsibility therefore becalms an

integral part of the broader (motion. As noted earlier, on 21, Jul, 1?5;,

41C sett divergent views to OSO. The Arey and Van-umbers Frc7cved 4 joirl

command as tete operator of all own system and the desitc:...t:r of spec:Ste

services on a purely equitable apportionment basis to tomisr. logistical

and product-improvement support to the operator. Thor suggestmd the ArM►

for the Sates rapport val..

General White argued that space system only represente4 4 MOW/

effective means of aeoompllaning correct missions and should h• assigned

to an appropriate eziating stifled or 'pacified command. He suggested that

e. in its ',specified commando role should Operate Samos but be responsive

to the requirements of all intelligance agencies. The Air Forte would

administratively and logicallr support Sanos.'62 •

McElroy generally weed with the Air Force position and on 18 Sep:usher

: 459 declared his intent to shift responsibility for Samos to the Air Force.

mart* this stops however, the Secretary waited an opentior pt: plartv'to

in:lude details on operator-041er relationshire, submitted to L. The plan

lor.uld them be reviemad b! JCS before h• took a-ton or. it.63

Ln obvious anticipattac of the trotnst•r, 1-A7 heradTartwrs en 5 August 1959
..,.

110 .

.

. •• .. n .

. - "• : ' .;..-4

... -...*

.. .. • :. ,.. .. et

.

...:.-ii

had denigrated SAC to'cndertake Same operatiOn planning and sesequ=t4

! w .

.

.

..' . • . • . ..

. .

. directed the preparation oft preliminary operational pla. Po:.

.

lowing its .

.-

4.

ismanee of InElroys s i.e Septmdberdecision, the Air Feree :04 19 October

restated the ea:: for the plan, with a amoission dead::.ne

and noted that s content' woald be considered for • :t : :

the Atr In dretim its version, .4: was to refame .L'

r.7.42 06: Logic/ date of shifting :Amos operations: razponnItl- .....: and forces

frnic 4:.Dr. to ;;a'.64

Large seal, impending previa changes and interemdmard dte-zrd marked

nem- few ...err. Since tt, technics: and finanzla: uai

to to -an/My and time-eoneming, Secreur ► Douglas on Dcwwabor

- a:/e- f:r r con; :rte andimmed!ate transfer of Samoa, pro-ads:N. to furnish

plans cy 15 Janasry 196. Detst aw..:e ...1 step •

.goan:hile, the :talc courraris 7. •...partng b.. S .Ivere.1 r:31".2

-Aliforn:a, bItt le.tfol12• tc..2d re' agree or. 1 'bite for

:1 _actor op•vv:Ina: tt. 7A.. 7!. • . ! Ir Staff

war

on re.r.--ta'lor P

eo-f-rees emn

. • .

1;10.. as tUrncTitr

•••

.:ter r•ce:.1n7 rlar in .ctmezer "e. Dirt crste

.pritlara oct.pleted it& version art Staff cocrL-ratton t.

Jan-aary. AMC rael•wad appro.od tilt ;Lan ex. It.

lt".60

♦ - : f. retr.:ed I.' to 3CD cn 7 ..t.rt5r7. :* a r..nse con:ept

c:: raining ;; and prom ...R. .r ft' p ; wuated

:-•

GIB
. .

•• 67

• • .• , - • - • •

•••n • . •

. • • a.

tiy ' a

-

•••• •

•

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reeve: capAtility. .

.• •

Under provisions of the plan, Was an Air Force unit would organise.

tralgoand equip Samos operational formes and provide adninistrative and

leeletic eurpor. :',Fgrational command would also me: .is

specified-commard rule taking direction from JCS. Remy:Lai:4 that Samos

c:.^-:totem a prize national resource, the Air Pores stated its intention

=au te fulfil :toe reeds listed by the Satellitelntelligenee

LoquIrmsento Cordttee of the United Slates Trtelligetce Board. The

Air iert• else propos•d that each participating agency (user: tests a

rking taste to the data processing center— to assize equ!table treatment

ir distritutior cf raw data and to allow each agency comTlete irdspen-

.

ceree in its Lrtelligence production activity. In effect, the processing

•

would treat all irterested agencies L. the mote Jan wld the Air

r 'reo Int el:lee- go u-its would receive their data in tho same fashlin as

--'sr., State ,Ppartmd.nt, and ctrers.4*

•

:7,5D cr .4 %arch 1960 sent the cporatIont41 plan to JCS. Mr. Douglass

reeently elevated to the posi

•

 tion of Deputy Secret.-xy cf Defense, asked • fa.

• -

ft:- 4r early reply, same JCS comaents migh

•

 t material:4 affect the evened_

e-itsiors en the Samos doreloisent plan. Air Staff representatiws outlined nit

. •

the rain fentures of the plan to JCS on 2) Mires, after which the Joi

▪

 nt Staff

tow its study.67

V• er almost a mcnth elapsed vt repert from the jcirt Staff, several to

•

:taff Oficial* men's-ended the use of Ca-eretftrial .ehannele to curt -14

.

-err.re C.:J::. tu.n0Ta felt trip to to ar unnecessary aetinni, stating that :%••

•

at r—te i n;efin!*.e pe'nt in tire,

• •••%••• •••• ze •

after tIm deveiopers

. "&

•••n••n ••n•=omno . ..• • •
•••

.22

- • •

•

ti • ... • .

1ECIEF •

the joint staff was readying its views render rather tmaimvversial -

circumstances inasmuch as It had perviously supported the ill-fate 3oint

military space command. Tbs Joint Staff's issuance of its funding, an

25 April eliminated the question on rising 05AF pressure."

The JoInt Staff could do little else but concur in the Att.amental•

cf thr Sam. * operaticm.41 plan but hopefully left the door og for the

estaLlIsur•nt of the desired 'cart editor, command at sour foe.ure date.

-he staff stated that assignment Of operational command to SAC should not

;r0 :411:, fv- re reassignrent and carefUlly . cetted reford.r.:r curresit JCS

z.ro !leer fcrce assiipment policies and procedurea.69

Tn• 4my ant Lim reacted in what Air Force eft:cilia tei.:eved was

. 7rrarrazrer!, 1. c7....e.orat:v. attack. As rreAC earli « r, A.30. kalm on

w * 16, r- wIth'n JCS the tread q•r sticr • militar7 space

...rfarlsation. :hen, en • a7, planners &140.0K. trat the

J. in 3taff report on Samos was unacceptable. They emphasised that the

m. :wised asstr-ent'te SA: set preemdrnts ► r i rrejud!:ed an; future attempts

•

.1! opsreions. Indeed, names c:Irvolore would to sc 1:tegrated

ttttr 3A7 ectivit!es that eeparetten the future tar he impose:blob.

:r.; e r 7.1;• tP & jetrt •yncInd, as proposed ..;!!

by rurxe, a-4 the operational amignme%1 of :;sac:. t•ere. Arm7 planners .Fit

Gr 9 soAy schofad this ronconcurrenco :7 ter..s tTar:rgly to '.dose of

••4.

tr, levy. ftreever, the7 quoted ex' e- frcm Puree's prspcsal, even

•. nad net yet beer officiall y dist: .t.6ted ty the secretariat:". ..eg

•

•
" • •• •

• Mr' •4••". • •

'4" . 1C•

W • •

•

•

The Air preen reaLtsed that aoseptanns of the &inn plan itinge6i**:7..

lanai en disposing ends exam the matter of a joint command: The

• a.*

airforce planners thr srefos dellbOiately stalled further action on the

plan by withholding oommert on the Joint Starre repert urtil and OM

settled Surke• s proposa1. 71 Secretary Gates on 16 June rear: men the►

trwrious decisien to integrate apace systems into smisti-g na•ds rather

than, estat1:sh a new organisation.*

path tne trip le question settled ind pot of the way, !!'• Starr on

2! J• re re-iss•.•d its report on the Samoa plan, maktng tn.:* ml::nr charges

as le-coops:7 law light of the 16 June decision. The Alr v cme planners

re:erally enn2urred, preposing only minor revisions. AruF and Navy

;..r . srs, :avine lest tneir main point of contention, sn:ftel t* Ltd*

*?ers• First, tiler argued that approval for the operator-assn arnarc-rent

u.s premature. Much development on the satellite. system still remained

4%1 e.rrently rev:owing its requirements en Samos. 7•erefore,

of mique processing precedu•es and user emncepts in than the

Ort..dest terms was unnecessary at this time. Second, the Are.7-Navy.p1anners

•

::.• eed :rat the •national intelligence eometaty at the seat of governsort.m

st'u:n receive and TIVCCOS ell Sams-aertved sew data, since such activity

see paps

%.111. n Le•

•
41,

ol•

f•• • .• .

was v46. a SAC functioh, would make other unified and . spicifici °a mends

dependent co SAC, and would duplicate in part the functions of the Air

force Intelligence Canter. 72

The Am and Navy withdro ► their first objection on 5 JUly, the day

that the USIB restated its inteLlisoce regairerects on the Samos 'MM.

'hey persisted, howpwer, in their efforts to out SAC actively out of t`.e

prooeseLrg and distribution work. ?c, the earlier list of rease-ls, they

added the elan that senstruetien of Samos processing facilities essentially

+4:tea:in those already it existence in and shout Uhsharg.:er., ^X., would

.lostitu:e a waste fa expenditure of hundreds of Lillian* of dollars.

5.ppf p:smt-re also stwoosted that the Joint Staff should *mai:. USIB

sires the suiject before proceeding SUrther.73

Air erce officials regarded the object10es to the operatioral plans

bs : P :ayirp tk:tics tr. ths r►solution. of a more serious protlee.. It Appmared

t4w • -np Anv navy feared tr. plan as a means for Air Force k.

l e• • te=mot'tn• retiop ol. irtelligeree eerter. Moreover, it l♦s

apparent that the other services distrusted Air Verse pcnsimes to share

Samos products equitably. finally, they appnured gauntly eoncerned ore!

1:1,

•

free a- everaIl view, the specific area it (iterate ..das quite small but

ere...dinar important. Ceteral White had pointed this out on 29 Junll7S • '

. .N . .

1BI feel that t. is eaaertial the the Air Force "operatew

he 'ems, aithoogt this die,. not sake the Air Force soil

expleiter at toe res.6.1tIng lo ep view, 'Operate"

31

- -P !let t rg•►u nce ef ! sq., c•araiter of Samos wn:-Id be

e-- t rolled ry :AC — the major deterrent force.74
•

•

•

tics of this data to desleatel denim Mperate• does not i ••••.:::-:.*: • ..‘.: ' i.

Tomo issods..1...the Alf . oast *prate this minim as ' ' • "

Thedispate had slitaidorai tisitbe ratter• '• 'of dais reproduction and

• •

sauina ssest'rsrp to all sortielpating agencies.*

doodisi4 . 0 3dulalls inikeuen. .. iiid•

* jigist:•...":**" ,---i.,...;-.- ... A

data retrieval, data roprodusLism ae and disoeitsa- '•"••• 

iseludoatpbaitatiso Weep: as rewired to satisfy the Air .:'...

.7... .:

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dioessicaties, bat no solutiewswired alsoaiat dud. However, the

Presidential dinette, of 2S boost sieved to dissipate sash of the

. . ,

problem's nrien4r sad prodder) temporary answer. Ira addition to Crostini

the erection of acesielosnagement art! ovioniestdoral stratture for

developing Samos and exploiting mg data ebtahmod during the night test

period. the President authorised the Weetover1112 unit previously employed

in prooessingS4Illm to de the moos with the Samos D Since

would be little application of oonourrency to tins *egret, MID and

CSAF subsequently agreed to defer operatieral plamminguntil UNDO was a

power spites /6

Although them *otiose atoslitha seeassity. of an leasdistodeatoiro

on Samos operational responsibility and procedures, JCS intermittently

grappled with the tire disputed pinta during September and October 1960.

A discussion with Secretary Oates an 31 October final, closed the matter.

Tts Secretary noted that in wit" of recent actions and the cement

Objectives of the it program JCS should discontinue consideration of

•

the plan at this tise.71 •

•

•

. •

" • .:-•• •

•

•

39