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Note: The following letter text and attachment is extracted from a Joint 

Channel document (BYE-12973-73 and BYE 2248-73/1) on file in SP-6. This 

lettar is in response to Reference a, also on file :i:r1 SP~, which 

forwarded for camnent, requirements matrices generated by SAFSP and SAFSS. 

M.E110RANDUM FOR: Director, National Reconnaissance Office 

SUBJECT: Planning Requirements f'or Imagery Collection in the 1980s 

References: a. D/NRO Memorandum for the Canmittee Chairman, dated 

27 Mar 73 (BYE 12659-73) 

b. D/NRD Memorandum for the Board Chainnan, dated 14 Nov 72 

1. As requested, the Committee has reviewed in detail the forma~ and data 

content of the requirsments matrices for Space Shuttle planning forwarded 

in your Memorandum, Reference a. The follow:ing views and recarrnnandations 

ar~ based on written comments received from Members, a.~ extensive discussion 

at tha 26 April 73 Committee meeting, and mtervening discussions with 

members of ;your staff. 

- 2. As you lmow the corrrrnuni ty is currently well along in the development 

of a consolidated and refined fonnulation for the Board of area search and 

tar~9t surveillance requirements and related guidance for NRO long-range 

planning purposes. The consolidation of requirements will, among other things, 

provide considerable data on a system-independent basis as you suggested 

in your 14 Nov 72 request (Reference b). While focused primarily on t,he 

next five years, or so, the updated guidance would be directly applicable 

for longer term plarming purposes such as required for the Space Shuttle. 

Tne specific modif'ications we are recommending to the projected requirement..s 

I:1atri.ces forwarded under Reference a. reflect the revised data elements in 

the draft consolidatad guidance. 

3. I'ha matrices developed :L'rl. your original ustrawman II projecticn underst;mdably represent very simplified and generalized renditions cf presumed 

fut, 11re ne~ds. A m.1Inber of aspects can be eiTaluatad realisti.cally, however, 

(-;nly .~1c the context of r::utually 1.mdsrst.ood. and agreed assUI11.pticn3 as t.o 

s;:19cif:i,:: applications, ,md defined parn:meters :for the imagery satallite 

syste.I11s mix preSU::718('! to b8 o:perational in the pre-1980s t:ixne fra.'lla ~ 

.r~ 1:,b.crcit. t,nis basic :,::,erspecti•re (planning ingredient), it iG ques:.ionable 

~-i:~=~tc<:>r 2.cjust.'111:mt -Ln tacr,or·s can be maa:o.i:.igi'ul for the various r.::ollectio. n j 

·.-.emet1ts :ida:·essaci,. I/Ji V i ,, «' ' '.: ~ it,:..~ t .. , .. " • 

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ROUTING SUP "{'°""'" Uu few AJ,p,-o,,al.s, Dt..:tppyaval.s, ACTION 

eon.,.. ........... or 6itt1ilar J\c::tio,w 

1 TO INITIALS CIRCULATE 

DATE COORDINATION 

INFORMATION 

NOTE AND 

RETURN 

PER CON· 

VERSATION 

SEE ME 

SIGNATURE 

REMARKS 

FROM 

As promised in the 23 Jul Orientation Briefing 

in 4th floor ccnference roam., this is your copy 

of planning requirements forwarded by SAFSS for 

our use. 

~-----------'SP-6 Asst Deputy Director 

DATE 

25 Jul 73 PHONE 

32570 

DD FOHi 9 5 Replsoes DD l'orm 114, 1 l'eb W, and DD :Form 

l OCT 60 116, J Feb l!O, wblob will be used until exhausted. 

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4. I believe it is important that the Cornmi ttee and NRO Staff element 

maintain close contact in the course of your Space Shuttle planning to 

assure mutual understanding and common application of these data at each 

stage of the activity and I suggest that periodically we joint1y review 

and .formally update the data elements ccntained in the proposed formats. 

5 .. Subject to the Canmittee's reservaticns noted above, I am forwarding, 

at Annex, a revised set of the original matrices, modified to take into 

account at lea.st certain major changes and recOI1111endations resulting from 

our review. The .follOW'ing points apply to the f'onnat as originally proposed. 

a. Elements such as color versus black/whi ta imagery requirements 

should be deleted !ran the matrices as planning factors at this 

time. It seems dubious that such distinctions could or should 

be allowed to material],y affect design choices at this early 

stage of Space Shuttle-related planning.. On the other hand, 

if these distincticns have a major :bea-ring, they- can be 

sharpened but with specific focus in mind. 

b. We have added the element 11Tinteliness o.f Image Return" to all 

categories. This is a major cha.racteristic in the requirements 

which, ·:pres\DTlably, would have a major role in any Space Shuttle 

applicaticns planning. 

c. The number of requirements categories has been expanded and 

titles modif'ied where appropriate to conform to the c~tegories 

delineated in the forthcaning consolidated guidance. Additionally, as you reque~ted, the preliminary values in the 

projected requirements matrices have been adjW3ted where 

appropriate. 

d. Despite the understandable desire to have parallelism. among 

the various Tables, we recommend that the 11 1973n columns for 

the Warn:lng/Indications and Crisis Reconnaissance categories 

remain blank, or else use more nearly noodnal data, to avoid 

potential confusion over the fact that, while requirements 

exist now, the capabilities to deal with them are not available.yet. 

6. You indicated that two major additional judgments essential f'or total 

planning were needed: (l) the identification of relative values for each 

of the ~unctional collection categories, and (2) estimates of the degrees 0£ 

~~llaction overlap (i.e., the amount of collection in each categcrJ which 

c:::iu2.d satisf-.r some requirements in other categories).. We will 1o1ork with 

~':'.'. Kahal and his staff to attempt formulation of some appropriate guidance 

i.:. these two areas consistent with your needs in the Space Shuttla 

n])plication. It appears unrealistic to assign same arbit,rarJ, r.r.:itually 

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exclusive priority rankings or values to the broad fl.lllctional intelligence 

collection categories or to attempt broadly -- and again, arbitrarily --

to estimate degrees of collection overlap in the absence of defined 

criteria concerning system capabilities. A thorough elaboration of the 

assumptions that must be made is essential in any meaningful approach to 

these complex questions and can be worked out best through consultation. 

7. With respect to relative value, each f'llllctional requirements category 

is made up o.f sub-elements which, themselves, vary in relative value at . 

any point in time. Some elements in a category are relatively more valuable 

than the average or least valuable element in other categories and vice versa. 

It is impractical, therefore, to attempt assignment of relative values to 

the categories, as such, in mutually exclusive tams. It would be misleading to allow small differences in projections of relative value among 

categories in the 1980s to have any Bignificant effect on Space Shuttle 

design choices or considerations. 

8. With regard to estimates on degrees of collection overlap, t..hese depend 

both on the characteristioo of collecticn systems and on the contents or 

the collecticn categories themselves.. For example, sane of the broad area 

coverage provided by a syatem-.like HEXAGON satisfies saiie installation 

surveillance requirements, but that overlap is because of the collecticn 

system, not the requirements category. Similarly, teclm.ical surveillance 

requirements apply to some installations which may alao have importance for 

strategic or general purposes, or for warning. A number of the distincticns 

related to overlap are defined in the forthcaning consolidated guidance 

and we will work closely with Dr. Kahal and his staff to develop a suitable 

means of defining the 11 areas of overlap" appropriate to Space Shuttle 

plarming purposes. 

~'.f'l'EE CHAinMAN Atch 

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IMAGERY COLLECTION REQUIREMENTS FOR PLANNING 

Requirements Categories 

I. SEARCH 

A. Broad Area Strategic 

1. Target Clusters 

2.. Developed 

3. Undeveloped 

B.. Limited Area Directed (Special/Ad Hoc) 

IL SURVEILLANCE 

A. Strategic 

B .. General 

C. Technical 

D. Warning /Indications 

E. Special Directed 

ill. CRISIS RECONNAISSANCE 

IV. SECONDARY AREA COVERAGE 

A. Mapping, Charting and Geodesy (Panoramic) 

B. Mapping, Charting and Geodesy (12.-inch Stellar Terrain) 

C. Foreign Intelligence/ Ad Hoc 

D. Domestic Applications 

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CATEGORY IA!: SEARCH-BROAD AREA STRATEGIC (TARGET CLUSTERS) 

198X 

CHARA CT ERISTI CS 1973 

:MIN NOM MAX 

. Quantity.!_/ 400K NM2 300K N~ 400K NM2 600 K N'!vt' 

Quality 2 Ft - 4 Ft 2 Ft - 4 Ft l Ft - 4 Ft 2 Ft - 3 Ft 

Frequency Quarterly 3 Mo - 4 Mo Quarterly (Nominal (80%) Quarterly 

Collection - Interval} 

Timeliness of . Imagery Return < 30 days 30 days :S.. 30 days 5:. 30 days 

(Sensing-Viewing) 

Special 

Requirements l 00% Stereo 100% Stereo 100% Stereo l 0001,, Sh"T'Pl'l 

. I 

'. 

~ 

I 

]_I Gross area figures given are co'mprised of individual, specifically delineated 

target cluster areas varying in size from 200 to 9, 000 sq. n. m. and ranging 

throughout the Eurasian Communist countries and the Middle East. In 1973 

they number 136; for the projected planning period the number should not exceec 

150. 

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CATEGORY IA2: SEARCH-BROAD AREA STRATEGIC {DEVELOPED} 

198X 

CHARACTERISTICS 1973 

MIN NOM 

Quantity 

[Area_ d.ivided_J::z.to 5. OM NM2 5. OM NM2 5. SM N:tvr.2 ·several unique courtry 

or region accounting {+10%) 

units.] 

quality, ~· 2 Ft - 4 Ft 2 Ft - 4 Ft 2 Ft - -4 Ft 

l 

Frequencyll 40o/o/3 1v1o 20%/3 Mo 40%/3 Mo 

(Nominal 80%/6 Mo 80%/6 Mo 80%/6 Mo 

Collection 92%/9 Mo 92%/9 Mo 92%/9 Mo 

Interva;t) j 

! .. 

Timeliness of 

Imagery Return ('. 30 Day~ < 60 Days < 30 Days - (Sensing-Viewing) 

Special 

100% Stereo . 90% Stereo 100% Stereo 

Requirements Area divided 10% Mono 

in:o- several. .. unique L 

accounHng 

·}j Cumulative, unique. 

~ 

c::;? (n\ rii'I . @ rf' (ri'\ fi,'. ":":::.:.=... 

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MAX 

6. OM NM2 

(+20%) 

2 Ft - 4 Ft 

90%/6 Mo 

( 

·- 30 Days 

100% Stereo 
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CATEGORY IA3: SEARCH-BROAD AREA STRATEGLC (UNDEVELOPED} 

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198X 

CHARACTERISTICS 1973 

MIN . NOM MAX 

, 

Quantity 5. 3M NM2 5, 3M NM2 5. SM NM2 6.4M NM2 

(+10%) j (+20%) 

- Quality 2. 5 Ft - 7 F1 2. 5 Ft - 7 Ft 2. 5 Ft - 6 Ft 2 Ft - S Ft 

- Frequency 10%/3 Mo 10%/3 Mo lOo/o/3 Mo 10%/3 Mo 

(Nominal 40%/6 Mo 40%/6 Mo 40%/6 Mo 30%/6 Mo 

Collection 80%/12 Mo 80%/12 Mo 80%/12 Mo 80%/12 Mo 

Interval} 97%/24 Mo 97%/24 Mo 97%/24 Mo 97%/24 Mo 

: Timeliness of 

Imagery Return < 60 Days < 60 Days < 60 Days < 60 Days - - -- ! (Sensing-Viewing) 

Special 100% Stereo 80% Stereo 100% Stereo 100% Stereo 

Requirements 20% Mono 

. 

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CATEGORY IB: SEARCH-LllvllTED AREA DIRECTED--SPECIAL/AD HOC 

l98X \ CHARACTERISTICS 1973 

MIN NOM MAX 

. 

Quantity 400K NM2 200K NM2 400 K NM2 600K NM2 

'. 

I I 

Quality · 2.. S Ft - 4 Ft ~ 4 Ft 2 Ft - 4 Ft 

<. . 2. Ft - - - J -

Frequency Variable 

ti (Nominal repetition: Quarterly Weekly - Week~y 

Collection Weekly- Quarterly 

Interval) Quarterly 

. Timeliness of 

Imagery Return J:... 30 Days ~ 30 Days 20 Days-30 Days 10 Days-20 Days - (Sensing-Viewing) 

Special l 00% Stereo l 00% Stereo 100% Stereo 100% Stereo Requirements 

.. 

- ' ... - '. 

·- -- . 

,!/ Communist Countries/Mid-East 

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CATEGORY IIA: SURVElLLANctl/-STRATEGIC 

198X 

CHARA CT ERIS TI CS 1973 

:MIN NOM :MAX 

.. 

'Quantity Z. 8KZ/ Tgts 3K Tgts 3. SK Tgts 4K Tgts 

~ .(. ! L.. . Quality Z Ft - 4 Ft - 3 Ft - Z. 5 Ft - Z Ft 

Frequency Weekly Weekly: Weekly - Weekly - -· (Nominal Cuarterly 1 Quarterly Cuarterly Monthly 

Collection Semi-.A.nnual~ 

Interval) 

Timeliness of Variable Variable Variable Less than 30 

Imagery Return but~ 30 Days but < 30 Days but'!::. 30 Days Days 

(Sensing-Viewing) 

Special 100% Stereo l 00% Stereo 100% Stereo 100% Stereo 

Requirements 

-

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l/ Surveillance targets are located throughout the Eurasian Communist countries and 

the Middle East. 

'!:_/ Includes 2,500 USSR targets, of which 2,400 are SALT-related. Ap~,roximately 

< 

l, 500 of these are located in 2 5 target clusters delineated for the Sov1et ICBM force 

}_/ Weekly 

I Month· 

2-3 Month -

6 Month 

5_0 Targets 

150 Targets 

1, 500 Targets 

1, l 00 Targets 

·:.t 

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CATEGORY IIB: SURVEILLANCE-GENERAL 

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CHARACTERISTICS 1973 

·:MIN NOM MAX 

. 

Qu~ntity < l OK T gts.!i llK Tgts lSK Tgts 20 K Tgts 

. 

Quality 2 Ft - l Ft· .(. 3 Ft .(. 2 Ft " - 2 Ft - -

Frequency Weekly Weekly Weekly Weekly -

(Nominal Quarterly Quarterly Quarterly - Se mi-annual 

Collection Se mi -enrual 2/ Semi-annual Semi-annual 

Interval) 

Timeliness of Variable Variable Variable Less than 30 DaY-! 

Imagery Return but::. 30 Days but~30 Days but S 30 Days 

(Sensing-Viewing) 

Special . 100% Stereo 75% Stereo 100% Stereo 100% Stereo 

Requirements 25% Mono 

t 

Jj Includes 1, l 00 targets in USSR and EE identified as MBFR-related. Estimated 

overall target category growth rate is 5 percent per year, primarily involving 

China targets. 

'!:_I Weekly 

1 Month 

2-3 Month 

6 Month 

900 Targets 

200 Targets 

-- 4, 200 Targets 

-- 6, 000 Tar gets 

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CATEGORY IIC: SURVEILLANCE-TECHNICAL - -- -·· 

l98X . CHARACTERISTICS 1973 

MIN NOM MAX -

• Quantity.!./ 1, 700 Tgts 3,000 Tgts 4,000 Tgts 6. 000 Tgts 

-

Quality 4 12 In 

Frequency \Veekly Weekly Weekly Weekly-

(Nominal Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly 

Collection Quarterlyl/ Quarterly Quarterly -· Interval) 

. 

Timeliness of Variable riable Variable Less than 30 Thy~ 

Imagery Return but ~30 Days ut ~ 30 Days but ~ 30. Days 

(Sensing-Viewing} 

Special . 100% Stereo 100% Stereo 100% Stereo 100% Stereo 

Requirements 3-/ lo/o Sp Vi.e,;,;, 5% Sp View 15% Sp View 25% Sp View 

' 

];_/ Thts total may be viewed as mcludmg rei;,eat coverage of selected targets durmg the · 

specified "Nominal Collection Interval. 11 Such coverage may be required 7 for examp 

to provide multiple aspects of a target during a single access period. 

2 / Weekly - 75 targets; Monthly - 150 targets; Quarterly {2-3 Mo) - l, 300 targets. A 

- small number of targets, perhaps 1 - 2%, require access on a near-daily basis. 

]./ The term "Special Viewing" {Sp View) includes collection needs such as specific 

sun angle!'I, obliquitieti, and viewing aspect angle~. 

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CATEGORY IID . SURVEILLANCE - WARNING/INDICATIONS ~ . . 

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1973}:./ 

198X 

CHARACTEBlSTICS 

WN NOM 

. 

Ouanfr-::y [ 1~ 000 TgtsJ 1, 100 Tgts 2, 000 Tgts 

Quality [ L.. 2. 5 Ft] < 3 Ft· <. 2. 5 Ft - - - (GRD Equiv) 

Frequency [ 250 Tgts/ 

(Nominal Day] l 50 Tgts /day 250 Tgts/day 

Collection 

Interval) 

Timeliness of ~ 

Imagery Return 

(Sensing-Viewing} 

Special [ Mainly 75% Stereo 100% Stereo 

Requirements Mono] 25% Mono 

!/ No existing system capability in 1973 

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2. 500 Tgts 

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' 2 Ft - .. 

375 Tgts/day 

100 % Stereo 

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CATEGORY IlE: SURVEILLANCE-SPECIAL DIRECTED 

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l98X 

CHARACTERISTICS 1973 

MlN NOM MAX 

. . 

Quantity 500 Tgts 100 Tgts 500 Tgts 1., 000 Tgts 

. 

·-· 

Quality .£. 2 Ft .(, Z Ft < 2 Ft L.. 1 Ft - - - - ~ 

Frequency 

(Nominal 

Collection 

Weekly Daily Daily Daily 

Interval) . 

Timeliness of 

Imagery Return 

(Sensing-Viewing) I 

Special 

Requirements 

. I 

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CATEGORY III: CRISIS RECONNAISSANCEl/ 

198X 

! CHARACTERISTICS 1973 * I 

1 MIN NOM MAX 

lj 

'Quantity~/ 

~ 200 Tgts 4 / .,2 300 Tgt;,;j.i/ 

~- l0K NM2 > 15K NMZ , -- ; 

Quali~y 

: Frequency 

(Nominal 

Collection 

Interval) 

Timeliness of 

lm.agery Return 

(Sensing-Viewing) 

Special. 

Requirements 

1/ Projected from findings o 

I 

300 NM :LOC ~ 500 NM LOC ~ 700 NM LO< 

Tgts: 2-3 Ft::>) Tgts: l - 3 Ft.ii Tgts: l - 2 FT5/ 

Areas & LOC: Areas & LOC; Areas & LOC: 

3-5 Ft 2-3 Ft 2 :_ 3 Ft· 

One Day 

90% Stereo 

IO% Mono 

desired 

Critical 

-

Situations: 

3 - 5/Yr 

Avg. Duration 

of Coverage: 

l Mo 

75%: One Day 

25%: Intervals 

50%: One Day 

50%: Intervals 

< One Day < One Day 

90% Stereo 

10% Mono 

Critical 

Situations: 

3 - 5/Yr --

Avg Dura ti on 

of Coverage: 

1 Mo·_-~· .J 

100% Stereo 

Critical 

Situations: 

__ 8/Yr 

•· Avg Duration •· 

of Coverage: 

1 Mo 

.e:ence J:: eoutrements 1or --:!"1s1s-.Kesoonse 

Satellite Imae:erv, COWREX-D-13. 7/11. 

"!:_/ Imagery is required for: (l} Installation surveillance (Tgts). (2) Area search. and 

( 3) Lines of communication (LOC) surveillance. 

i/ Target Frame Size:~ (3N:Mx3NM); Avg. LOC. Width: 5 NM 

i__/ 1rnager7 of ~l Ft GRD (or equivalent) may be needed in special situations. 

Jj In ter-.,.s of ::.ccess o:::r;:iortunities. 

* No existbg system capability in 19?3. 

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CATEGORY IVA: SECONDARY AREA COVERAGE--

MAPPING, CHARTING AND GEODESY 

{PANORA:MIC) 

198X 

CHA:<ACT ERISTICS 1973 

MIN NOM M.AX 

Quantity 5MNM2 2MNM2 2. 3M NM2 3MNM2 

Quality 2. 5 Ft-10 Ft 5 Ft - 10 Ft Z. 5 Ft -7. 5 Ft 2 Ft - 5 Ft 

Frequency . 

(Nominal 12. Mo 12 Mo 12. Mo 12. Mo 

Collection 

Interval} 

Timeliness of 

-

Imagt::ry Return < 90 Days < 90 Days < 90 Days Less than 90 I:ays - - (Sensing-Viewing} 

Special 

Requirements 100% Stereo 90% Stereo l OOo/o Stereo l 00%. Stereo 

10% Mono 

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CHAR.:\CT ERISTI CS 

Ou.anti ty 

Quality 

Frequency 

(Nomi:::ial 

Collection 

lnter1.·al) 

Timeliness of 

Imagery Return 

(Sensing-Viewing) 

Speci;i.l 

Requi t"ements 

MAPPING. CHARTING AND GEODESY 

(12-inch S'l;ELLAR TERRAIN} 

198X 

1973 

?vllN NOM 

7MNM2 3MNM2 3 - SM NM2 

30 Ft - 40 Ft 30 Ft 25 Ft - 30 Ft 

. 

12 Mo 12 Mo 12 Mo 

'.(. 90 Days ,(, 90 Days < 90 Days - - -

100% Stereo 90% Stereo l 00% Stereo 

10% Mono 

D q:pler Beac m Doppler Beacon 

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5MNM2 

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20 Ft 

12 Mo 

Less than 90 .tays i 

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lOOo/o.Stereo 

Doppler Beacon 

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CATEGORY IVC: SECONDARY AREA COVERAGE--

FOREIGN INT ELLIGENCE/AI;>-HOc.l/ 

198X 

CHARACTERlSTICS 1973 

MIN NOM MAX 

Quantity 1MNM2 l. SM NM2 2MNM2 ZMNM2 

i 

Quality 2.. 5 Ft - 4 Ft L 

- 4 Ft .t!. 2. 5 Ft - 3 Ft - 2 Ft 

Frequency 

(Nominal lZ Mo 12 Mo _-.5:-· ·9· -Mo· -.i 6 Mo 

Collection 

Interval) 

Timeliness of 

-· . •. 

Imagery Return < 30-60 Th.ys 60 Days < 30 Days < 30 Days . (Sensing-Viewing) -

Special 

l 00% Stereo 50% Stereo 75% Stereo l 00%. Stereo Requirements 

50% Mono 25% Mono 

. 

_l/ Out.side Communist territory/Mid-East {viz.. Japan" Western Europe, South Asia 

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CATEGORY !VD: SECONDARY AREA COVERAGE--

DOMESTIC APPLICATIONS 

198X 

CHARACTERISTICS 1973 

MIN NOM 

Quantity 300K NM 2 650K NM2 lMNM2 

Quality 2. 5 Ft-10 Ft 5 Ft - 10 Ft 2 . 5 Ft - 7. 5 Ft 

Frequency 

(Nominal 12 Mo 12 Mo 12 Mo 

Collection 

Interval) 

Timeliness of 

Imagery Return .('. 90 Days < 90 Days .{ 90 Days 

(Sensing-Viewing) - - -

Special 1 00o/o Stereo 90% Stereo 100% Stereo Requirements 10% Mono 

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MAX 

1MNM2 

. 

2 Ft - 5 Ft . -· 

12 Mo 

Less than 90 Th.ys 

180% Stereo·