May, 1990 

FL 2827, 

WSIVICII)MET TECHNICAL LIBRARY 

VANDENBERG AFB CA 93437-6021 

Dock 57 

07.02 

Launch Base Operations - 

VAFB 

FEDERAL. CONSISTENCY 

DETERMINATION 

TITAN IV/CENTAUR 

LAUNCH COMPLEX 

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE 

SANTA BARBARA COUNTY, 

CALIFORNIA 

Prepared for: 

UNITED STATES AIR FORCE 

HEADQUARTERS SPACE SYSTEMS DIVISION 

DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING 

EL SEGUNDO, CALIFORNIA 
ri (,:;) P R F: , 10 S F. 

DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE 

HEADQUARTERS SPACE DIVISION IAFSC) 

LOS ANGELES AIR FORCE STATION, PO 605 92960. WORLDWAY POSTAL CENTER 

LOS ANGELES, CA 900094960 

REPLY TO DEV ATTN OF: 

10 May 1990 

SUBJECT Titan Centaur Launch Complex (TCLC) Federal Consistency Determination 

TO: AFRCE-WRJROV 

1. Copies of the subject document are enclosed for your review and for forwarding 

to the California Coastal Commission. When forwarding the document to the 

Commission, please request it be included on the June 1990 public hearing 

agenda. 

2. This proposal was previously presented to the Commission in September 1989 

as the construction of a new launch complex, Space Launch Complex Seven (SLC7), from which to launch the Titan IV/Centaur launch vehicle. Since the hearing 

on the former proposal in December 1989, the proposed action has been changed to 

the modification of the existing SLC-6. 

3. Copies of the Draft Environmental Impact Statement were sent to the 

Commission on 20 July 1989, and copies of the Biological Assessment were sent on 

16 March 1990. 

4. If you need additional copies of the document or have any questions, please 

contact Mr. John Edwards at (213) 643-0934 or Autovon 833-0934. 

THOMAS H. LILLIE, Major, USAF 1 Atch 

Acting Chief, TCLC Federal Consistency 

Environmental Planning Division Determination 

cc: SSD/DEC 

1STRAD/ET 
ll 

2-1 

2-1 

2-1 

2-6 

2-12 

3-1 

1 F-,104-7 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PAGE NO. 

LIST OF TABLES/LIST OF FIGURES 

1.0 INTRODUCTION 

1.1 Regulatory Compliance 

1.2 Background 

1.2.1 TCLC 

1.2.2 Space Transportation System at SLC-6 

1.3 Organization of the Report 

2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED ACTION 

2.1 Purpose and Need for the Proposed Action 

2.2 Alternatives Considered 

2.3 Project Facilities and Operation 

2.4 Environmental Setting 

3.0 PO FENTIAL IMPACTS TO THE COASTAL ZONE 

4.0 DATA AND INFORMATION IN SUPPORT OF FEDERAL 4-1 

CONSIS IENCY DE1ERMINATION 

4.1 Statement of Determination 4-1 

4.2 Compliance with the California Coastal Act 4-1 

4.2.1 Coastal Resources Planning and Management Policies 4-1 

4.2.1.1 Public Access 4-1 

4.2.1.2 Recreation 4-7 

4.2.1.3 Marine Environment and Habitat Resources 4-9 

4.2.1.4 Land Resources 4-15 

4.2.1.5 Development 4-16 

4.2.2 State Agencies 4-20 

4.2.3 Development Control, General Provisions 4-20 

5.0 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 5-1 

6.0 REFERENCES 6-1 
-,DVLDI-OP RE LE ASE. 

11 

TABLE NO, 

2.1 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

(Continued) 

LIST OF TABLES 

TITLE 

Proposed Utilization of Existing SLC-6 Facilities 

for TCLC 

PAGE NO. 

2-9 

FIGURE NO, 

LIST OF FIGURES 

IIILE PAGE NO. 

1.1 Coastal Zone: North Coast Planning Area 1-2 

2.1 Over-Water Launch Azimuths 2-2 

2.2 Regional Location Map 2-4 

2.3 Alternative Sites 2-5 

2.4 SLC-6 Site and Surrounding Areas 2-7 

2.5 SLC-6 Launch Complex 2-10 

2.6 Nesting Locations of California Least Tern and 2-14 

Western Snowy Plover 

4.1 Coastal Access: Vandenberg Air Force Base 4-3 

4.2 Titan IV/Centaur Sonic Boom Footprint 4-11 
4 N f--"OR RELEASE 

N () 1'3 1-1 

1.0 INTRODUCTION 

1. The purpose of this document is to demonstrate the consistency of the proposed United 

States Air Force (USAF) activity, known as Titan IV/Centaur Launch Complex (TCLC) 

(formerly known as Space Launch Complex 7), with the California Coastal Zone Management 

Program, as amended. The proposed activity is to modify Space Launch Complex 6 (SLC-6) 

at Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB) from which to launch the Titan IV/Centaur space 

launch vehicle. 

1.1 REGULATORY COMPLIANCE 

1. A Federal Consistency Determination for federal activities is required in accordance with the 

Federal Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, Section 307(c)(1), and with the 

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Regulations (15 Code of Federal 

Regulations [CI-R] Part 930, revised). The California Coastal Zone Management Program, as 

amended January 1988 (California Public Resources Code, Division 20-California Coastal 

Act), and the establishment therein of the California Coastal Zone, have been approved by 

NOAA. 

2. All lands owned, leased, held in trust, or whose use is otherwise by law subject solely to the 

discretion of the Federal government, are excluded from the coastal zone. However, all 

federal agencies are required to ensure that their activities are consistent, to the maximum 

extent practicable, with the NOAA-approved coastal management plan for actions that may 

cause spillover impacts within the coastal zone. The boundary of the coastal zone in the 

vicinity of Vandenberg Air Force Base is shown in Figure 1.1 (Coastal Zone: North Coast 

Planning Area). 

1.2 BACKGROUND 

1.2.1 TCLC 

1. This submittal is the latest step in the continuing process of coordination between USAF and 

the California Coastal Commission, begun in 1988, concerning this program at VAFB. This 

process has included: (1) review of program environmental documents by the Commission's 

staff, and (2) meetings between USAF personnel and the Commission's staff on project 

details and potential effects on the coastal zone. 
1-2 

INDUSTRY 

COASTAL-DEPENDENT EDUCATIONAL 

FACILITY 

NRQ OrLLLAF 

JUNE :2015 

A-11-100 RANCHO GUADALUPE 

COUNTY PARK 

OPEN LAND 

POINT SAL 

POINT SAL BEACH 

STATE PARK 

0 5 MILES 

SCALE 

GUADALUPE 

SANTA MARIA 

PURISIMA POINT 

LOS ALAMOS 

OCEAN BEACH 

COUNTY PARK 

POINT ARGUELLO 

I

PROPOSED TCLC SITE 

JALAMA BEACH 

COUNTY PARK 

MOUNTAINS 

COASTAL-DEPENDENT 

INDUSTRY

o 

0 

<C\ 

-9 POINT 

CONCEPTION 

LEGEND 

aim= WIND OM* 

0 

COASTAL ZONE BOUNDARY 

LAND UNDER FEDERAL JURISDICTION 

COMMUNITY FACILITIES 

FIGURE 1.1 

GAVIOTA BEACH 

STATE PARK 

o INDUSTRIAL 

OPEN LAND USES 

AGRICULTURE 11 (100 - 320-ACRE MIN.) 

RECREATION 

OPEN LAND 

COASTAL ZONE 

NORTH COAST PLANNING AREA 

TCLC FEDERAL CONSISTENCY DETERMINATION 

ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC. 

271-1 TCLC/FCD REV 
Ni-N) i'd-1-1-<EYVED RELEASE 

1 jUNL. 2015 1-3 

2. This interaction between the Coastal Commission and the USAF has been important to the 

Environmental Impact Analysis Process (EIAP) for the TCLC program, particularly in 

identifying environmental issues, evaluating alternatives for various actions, and developing 

measures to mitigate impacts to coastal resources. 

3. The scope of this Consistency Determination is based on program activities and environmental 

issues for which the Commission has expressed concern, and on other issues which affect the 

coastal zone. 

1.2.2 SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM AT SLC-6 

1. In 1982, USAF proposed the construction or modification of facilities at VAFB to 

accommodate launches of the Space Shuttle as part of the Space Transportation System (STS) 

from the west coast. The proposed action included the following: 

• Construction of an External Tank Landing Facility at the Boathouse 

near Point Arguello to accommodate barge delivery of the external tanks to 

VAFB. 

• Construction/modification of approximately 3.2 miles of roads to create 

the External Tank Tow Route from the Boathouse to SLC-6. 

• Modification of existing roads to create the Orbiter Tow Route from 

North VAFB to SLC-6. 

• Construction/modification of Facilities located at SLC-6 and other 

locations on VAFB for Assembly and Launch of the STS. 

• Extension of the VAFB Runway for STS landings. 

• STS Launches from SLC-6 beginning in 1985, with 10 launches 

projected annually from 1988 to 1994 and a total of 80 launches over the 

10-year life of the program. 

2. The construction/modification described above was determined by USAF to be consistent 

to the maximum extent practicable with the California Coastal Act of 1976 (Consistency 

Determination CD-21-82) (USAF 1982). The Commission issued a decision agreeing with 

the determination. The proposed action was implemented. Primarily as a result of the 1986 

Challenger disaster, however, USAF has not used SLC-6 for STS launches. 

3. The finding of consistency for the STS set a precedent to be considered by the Commission 

when reviewing this Consistency Determination, since the proposed action uses the same 

facility, as modified, to fulfill the objectives of the TCLC project. 
RP® APPREYVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNF,H2015 1-4 

1.3 ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT 

1. The contents of this Consistency Determination have been prepared in compliance with the 

requirements of 15 CFR Section 930.39, Content of a Federal Consistency Determination, 

which state that a consistency determination shall include: 

• A brief statement indicating whether or not the proposed action would be 

consistent to the maximum extent practicable with the (California Coastal) 

management program (as administered by the California Coastal 

Commission). 

A detailed description of the proposed project. 

The project's associated facilities. 

• The coastal effect of the project. 

• Data and information sufficient to support the Federal agency's 

consistency statement. 

2. In compliance with these requirements, this Federal Consistency Determination is organized as 

follows: 

• 1.0 Introduction 

• 2.0 Description of the Proposed Action 

• 3.0 Potential Impacts to the Coastal Zone 

• 4.0 Data and Information in Support of Federal Consistency Determination 

• 5.0 Acronyms and Abbreviations 

• 6.0 References 

FL 2E327 

WSTYIC PME T TE C AL LIDFLILHY 

VANDENBERG AFB CA 93437-6021 
NR(_ 'ED FOR RELEASE 

JUNE "z'J15 2-1 

2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED ACTION 

2.1 PURPOSE AND NEED FOR THE PROPOSED ACTION 

1. The purpose of the proposed TCLC program at VAFB is to fulfill these needs: (1) support 

timely and reliable launch of critical Department of Defense (DOD) satellites from a location 

from which highly inclined and polar orbits can be safely achieved, (2) provide capability to 

launch payloads in the 10,000-pound class to high energy, inclined orbits, and (3) maintain 

assured access to space by providing backup launch capability for the Titan IV/Centaur and 

Titan IV No Upper Stage (NUS) space launch vehicles. 

2. The Titan IV/Centaur vehicle configuration requires a specific launch pad design and 

associated support facilities. These facilities exist at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (AFS) 

in Florida. Launches from Cape Canaveral, however, are constrained to easterly launch 

azimuths between 35 and 120 degrees, as shown in Figure 2.1 (Over-water Launch 

Azimuths). Consequently, polar orbits cannot be safely achieved. 

3. As shown in Figure 2.1, the Pacific coast location of VAFB safely permits space launch 

azimuths of 150 to 201 degrees, allowing polar and other high inclination orbits. These orbits 

provide coverage perpendicular to the equator, as required for national defense, weather and 

earth resources surveillance, communications relay, navigational systems, and other scientific 

purposes. Another important type of high inclination mission capability provided by the 

VAFB location is the sun-synchronous mission, where the satellite orbit maintains its initial 

orientation relative to the sun. 

2.2 ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED 

1. Alternatives to the proposed action were evaluated in the Draft EIS for the proposed action 

(formerly known as Space Launch Complex 7) (USAF 1989a). Other launch vehicles, 

including the Space Shuttle, were considered but determined not to be feasible, based on their 

inability to satisfy the pmject objectives of safely delivering satellites in the 10,000-pound 

class to high-energy, inclined orbits. Alternate locations outside of VAFB also were 

evaluated. Cape Canaveral AFS was rejected, due to the inability to safely achieve a polar 

orbit from this location. Other launch locations were determined not to be feasible due to 

environmental considerations, remoteness, absence of necessary infrastructure, and/or 

inability to satisfy mission requirements. 
LU 

LU 

0 

LL. 

IJ 

CL 

fa_ 

cy 

1 JUNE201 E 

87-271-1 TCLC/FCD REV 5/3/90 

CANADA 

iliippli° 

"9 -A 

1-• --k 

406k 

g 35° 

CI UNITED STATES 

V AN DEN BERG 

.... ..:::::.:::: :. .:::: 

. , . . . , . 

AIR FORCE 

-

..A- ::-.::::„:',::: ,:::.:: ::.*:... , :,...,-.. ::.. AZIMUTH BASE 

..:1::;'.....: .:....;..:.::::::•:..:.:::: 

. 

•

. .. (DEGREES) 

.... 

.., - 

.. :.. .. : . .. . . .. 

o 

.. . . ... o 

..,..,........,...........„.„ 

„ 

20 

..;:„....:....,..,...;„ AIR FOR •E STATION ::,,„ 

CAPE C .NAVERAL i b . .:...-:. . .. ....... ... -..., ... , .... ........:. rn 

.. :.. . Z 

MEXICO 1 ° 

111141IN11,1,. %IP" 

201°.:',•:::1!;.':::.'S .S.;.S.',..,":'''' 

..--; 

• 

. IMUTH 150° c::::$ 

(DrGREES) \—. Il f 

LAUNCH AZIM UTHS FROM 

LA

NCHAZI AMUTH

S FORCE 

EO

M 

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE li CAPE CANAVERAL U AIR STATION 

80 70 

PA1C/F/C FIGURE 2.1 

oceAN 

OVER-WATER 

LAUNCH AZIMUTHS 

130 120 110 100 90 

TCLCFEDERALCONSISTENCY DETERMINATION ts.) 

ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC. 1-.) SOURCE . USAF 1989a 
' NRO Ai-PROVED FC> RELEASE 

1 JUNE. 2015 2-3 

2. Existing VAFB launch sites also were evaluated. SLC-2, located on North VAFB, was 

rejected due to its small size and since launches from there require a dogleg maneuver to avoid 

populated areas. The extra fuel required to execute a dogleg effectively reduces the payload 

capacity below the 10,000-pound class mission requirement. With the exception of SLC-6, 

launch facilities located on South VAFB are either operational (SLC-3, SLC-4 West, and 

SLC-5), with scheduled missions that would not support the proposed program, or are being 

refurbished for other, specific missions (SLC-4 East). 

3. The no action alternative also was evaluated and determined not to be acceptable. With 

implementation of this alternative, the USAF would not be able to achieve the required high 

energy, near-polar orbit for DOD satellites in the 10,000-pound class, and there would not be 

backup launch capability for other Titan IV/Centaur and Titan IV/NUS vehicles. The absence 

of this capability would unacceptably impact USAF access to space. 

4. From the range of alternatives considered, it was determined that development of TCLC 

facilities at South VAFB would present the most reasonable course of action, based on 

mission requirements, technical needs, cost, engineering, and design (see Figure 2.2, 

Regional Location Map). Based on siting factors and mission requirements, three 

undeveloped sites, Cypress Ridge, Boathouse Flats, and Vina Terrace, and one developed 

site, SLC-6, were identified on South VAFB (see Figure 2.3, Alternative Sites). SLC-6 is an 

existing launch complex which has been configured to support the Space Shuttle, but which 

the USAF has placed in mothball status. The Cypress Ridge and alternative Boathouse Flats 

and Vina Terrace sites also are located on South VAFB, in an undeveloped area south of 

SLC-6. 

5. Based on environmental analysis undertaken for the Draft Environmental Impact Statement 

(EIS) (USAF 1989a), the comments received from government agencies, private groups, and 

individuals on the Draft EIS, and recent Congressional action, USAF has determined that 

construction and operation of TCLC at the Cypress Ridge site and the conversion and 

subsequent operation of SLC-6 are the preferred alternatives to meet DOD launch program 

requirements. 

6. Construction and operation of TCLC at the Cypress Ridge site is one of USAFs preferred 

alternatives since it allows the utilization of new design concepts and advanced capabilities 

important to supporting mission goals. USAF has also identified Cypress Ridge as one of its 

preferred alternatives since construction of a new launch complex would preserve existing 
ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC. 

• N(R() AppRovED FLI RELEASE 2-4 

1,JUN 

w 

0 

CC 

(.) 

LiC-) 

-J 0 

c‘i 

co 

-GUADALUPE 

TAR 

SANTA 

MARIA 

PACIFIC 

AREA SHOWN 

SANTA 

BARBARA 

OCEAN 

POINT 

SAL 

CHANNEL ISLANDS 

• 

PURISISAA 

POINT 

OCEAN BEACH 

COUNTY PARK 

BEAR CREEK 

ROAD 

COAST 

ROAD 

POINT 

PEDER 

POINT 

ARGUELLO 

JALAMA BEACH 

COUNTY PARK 

0 

POINT 

CONCEPTION 

REGIONAL LOCATION MAP 

0 1 2 3 4 SMILES TCLC FEDERAL CONSISTENCY DETERMINATION 

SOURCE USAF 1988a. 

FIGURE 2.2 
NIT AP(NEL) F:::0R 2-5 

JUNE.: 2015 

I TCLC/FCD RE 

SLC-5 SOUTH 

r 

VANIENBERG 

SANTA y„Ezuou6rr 

AIR FORCE 

VINA TERRACE 

POINT 

ARGUELLO 

.. .. 

........ 

C) 

BASE 

BOATHOUSE AREA 

EXTERNAL TANK 

TOW ROUTE 0 4000 8000 FEET 

SCALE 

FIGURE 22 

ALTERNATIVE SITES 

TCLC FEDERAL CONSISTENCY DETERMINATION 

ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC. SOURCE: ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC. 1990. 
N(;;;) P kaDVE D r• k ELLAS 

JUNE. 2-6 

launch capabilities at SLC-6 and since the analysis undertaken in support of the Draft EIS 

determined that most impacts associated with this alternative could be mitigated to an 

acceptable level. 

7. The proposed conversion and subsequent operation of SLC-6 is the other USAF preferred 

alternative and is also the environmentally preferred alternative, as shown by the analysis 

documented in the Draft EIS. This alternative was favored by commenters on the Draft EIS 

and has received support in recent Congressional action. 

2.3 PROJECT FACILITIES AND OPERATION 

1. The proposed action entails the development and operation of a Titan IV/Centaur Launch 

Complex on South VAFB in support of the DOD space program. Known as TCLC, the 

project would be located on South VAFB (see Figure 2.2) at the existing SLC-6. The Titan 

IV/Centaur is an unmanned, expendable launch vehicle capable of launching critical DOD 

payloads in the 10,000-pound class to high-energy orbits. The proposed facility would 

support requirements for timely launches of these payloads, from a location where highly 

inclined and polar orbits can be safely achieved. In addition, the proposed action would 

maintain assured access to space by providing backup launch capability for the Titan 

IV/Centaur and Titan IV/NUS vehicles. The proposed facility represents the latest 

modification to the continuing Titan program at VAFB. 

2. The SLC-6 site (see Figure 2.4, SLC-6 and Surrounding Areas) was originally constructed in 

1970 for the Titan HIM manned launch space vehicle. The Titan DIM was to be used for the 

Manned Orbital Laboratory (MOL) program. Subsequent to cancellation of the MOL 

program, the SLC-6 site was modified for the Space Shuttle. However, primarily as a result 

of the 1986 Challenger disaster, the USAF has not used SLC-6 for Shuttle launches. Use of 

the facility to fulfill the objectives of the TCLC project would result in utilization of some of 

the structures and equipment intended for the Space Shuttle program. 

3. SLC-6 is located about one mile inland from the Pacific Ocean. The fenced complex covers an 

area of about 100 acres, although the total area that would be utilized for Titan IV/Centaur 

launches is estimated to be about 280 acres. Access to SLC-6 is primarily through the VAFB 

South Gate, as shown in Figure 2.2. 
JUNE 

2-7 

AF-TRI 'ED Ok RUE 

EXISTING SLC-6 FACILITIES AND ADJACENT HILLS 

VIEWED FROM THE SOUTH-SOUTHWEST. 

EXISTING SLC-6 FACILITIES AND ADJACENT HILLS 

VIEWED FROM THE NORTH-NORTHWEST 

FIGURE 2.4 

SLC-6 AND SURROUNDING AREAS 

ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC. 
NU--:(t)(3Fi \il.11...) PRELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 . 2-8 

As planned, implementation of the TCLC at SLC-6 would involve retention of some facilities, 

modification of others, and demolition of some. All construction or modification activities for 

the Titan IV/Centaur are planned to occur in areas disturbed by previous construction. 

Ground-disturbing activities such as cut and fill are not anticipated to support the conversion 

of SLC-6. A list of major facilities and their utilizations is shown in Table 2.1 (Proposed 

Utilization of Existing SLC-6 Facilities for TCLC). The existing site configuration for the 

STS which would be utilized for the Titan IV/Centaur is shown in Figure 2.5 (SLC-6 Launch 

Complex). 

5. The Payload Changeout Room (PCR) is not planned for use with the Titan IV/Centaur. This 

structure would be rolled back to the Payload Processing Room (PPR) so that it would be out 

of the way of ongoing activities. The PPR would be used for processing payloads to be 

launched from various facilities at VAFB. 

6. The Shuttle Assembly Building (SAB) would be utilized as an all-weather enclosure during 

the vehicle integration and preparation phases of the launch cycle. During final prelaunch 

activities, the SAB would be backed away for vehicle preparation and launch. The existing 

Mobile Service Tower (MST) would be utilized after extensive modifications to interior 

structures. The MST was originally built for the Titan DIM and modified for the Space 

Shuttle. It would be reconfigured to accommodate the Titan IV/Centaur. The existing Access 

Tower also would be modified for the Titan IV/Centaur. The slidewire emergency egress 

(aerial escape tram) would be removed, since Titan IV launches are unmanned. 

7. The existing launch mount (LM), designed for the Space Shuttle, would be demolished and 

replaced by a structure designed for the Titan IV. The launch exhaust ducts, designed for the 

Space Shuttle, would be adapted to the Titan IV configuration. The single main engine duct 

would be fitted with a permanent closure cap. A portion of the wall separating the two Solid 

Rocket Booster (SRB) ducts would be removed and modified so that launch exhaust would 

flow into both ducts. 

8. Other major onsite facilities which would be modified or upgraded for the requirements of 

the proposed action include the communications system, security system, and guardhouse. 

Some facilities/systems which were constructed for the Space Shuttle would be inspected 

and brought to full operational capability for the proposed action. These include, but are not 

limited to, the hydrazine and N204 storage and transfer systems, the industrial wastewater 

treatment facility, evaporation ponds, water tank, and utilities (water distribution, electricity, 
NEC) APPROVED FOR RELEASE. 

JUNE 2015 TABLE 2.1 2-9 

PROPOSED UTILIZATION OF 

EXISTING SLC-6 FACILITIES 

FOR TCLC 

FACILITY 

STATUS 

PROPOSED UTILIZATION 

UTILIZED IN PRESENT 

CONFIGURA

TION 

- 

UTI

LIZED WITH 

MODIFICATIONS 

, MOTHBALLED OR 

UTILIZED FOR OTHER 

PR

OJECTS 

DEMOLITION 

Payload Processing Room (PPR) X Utilized for other projects 

Payload Changeout Room (PCR) X Backed up to PPR (not utilized) 

Shuttle Assembly Building (SAB) X Utilized in present configuration 

Access Tower X Modified to accommodate Titan IV/Centaur 

Aerial Escape Tram X Disassembled and disposed of offsite 

Launch Mount (LM) X Subject to demolition 

Launch Exhaust Ducts (LD) X Modified to accommodate Titan IV/Centaur. 

Mobile Service Tower (MST) X Interior to be modified from Shuttle to 

Titan IV configuration 

Operations Support Building (OSB) X Modified to accommodate Titan IV/Centaur 

Launch Control Center (LCC) X Utilized for office space 

Security Systems, guard shack X Completed, modify as necessary 

Hydrazine Storage and Transfer X Modified, prepared for use, APCD permit 

Nitrogen Tetroxide (N204 ) Storage 

and Transfer 

X Modified, prepared for use, APCD permit 

Cryogenic Storage Areas X Modified, prepared for use 

Industrial Wastewater Treatment 

Facility 

X Modified with addition of equipment and 

storage capacity, cleaned, prepared for 

operation. 

Deluge Water Transfer System X Inspected, cleaned, prepared for operation 

Communications System X Modified to accommodate Titan IV/Centaur 

Utilities Inspected, cleaned, prepared for operation 

Water X 

Electricity X 

Propane X 

Sewage Disposal X 

Water Tank X Inspected, cleaned, prepared for use 

Parking X I Utilized in present configuration 

Source: USAF 1989a. 5/9/90 (87-2711) 
CNJ 

cc 

LL 

TCLC FEDERAL 

C

ONSISTENCY DETE

RMINATION 

ENVIRONMEN

T

AL SOLUTI

ONS, INC. 

SLC-6 LAUNCH COMPLEX 

GUARD SHELTER 

40. 

0 

PUMP HOUSE 

41. 

SPACE SHUTTLE WATER STORAGE TANK 

42. 

WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITY 

43. 

OPERATK3NS SUPPORT BUILDING 

44. 

ICE SUPPRESSION SYSTEM BLDG. 

45. 

JP-4 FUEL AREA 

2 5 

SOURCE USAF 

. 

W 8 5 6 6 ' r c 

G 2 < owe,g c c au ' 

• . . . , ui c 5 g 8c c 2 

91 w . . 8 

x L 1 : ( 5 >. 8 W _, § 

14 14 w i: . 2 g cc il < 

. . u. > m 

,-,: cs/ ei k& gOgO 

A § CC 6 c c , 

i 2 5 

2 

s t 

,!. i : , . r 2 i 1 ) ` z< i % > - , ! 0 2 m < 

. . ccoiel1 ; _::: , . a - c l $: 1 i 

0 < 

ow 

J § ; . 

2 g 8 

CL LU 

1 g g 

g .: u, 8 cc> .w Lto , 

g Ui 

LI 8 . UJ LL 

} 

1 .1 

!.5:--g 

§ 06 

0 L u 

Wu ) w2 ' 1 u) u) < u_ u., < u) 1- 20 

_u _ i I D 

Ct. Ci.

-1 

g (7 k § LI 

.. 04 ei 4 ui ai r..: ai ce; a= w ei 4 6 cci ts: oi oi k& gi gi ti 4 

Ca 

LLS 

0 

2 - 10 

j 

(f) 

0 

0 bi 

a: 

S 

a: 

87-271-I TCLCJFCD REV.5/3/90 
' • NRU APPk.0\v'ED FON RELEASE 

JUNE 2W5 2-11 

natural gas, sewage disposal). The Personally Owned Vehicle (POV) parking area would 

remain in its present location northwest of the fenced launch site. Other systems built for the 

Space Shuttle, such as the Ice Suppression System (ISS) and Launch Control Center (LCC), 

would not be used for the Titan IV/Centaur. Also present at SLC-6 are several underground 

diesel fuel and jet fuel storage tanks. These tanks would have to meet all current regulations 

before being utilized for the Titan IV program. 

9. Implementation of the TCLC at SLC-6 would involve demolition prior to construction of new 

project facilities and modification of existing facilities. The concrete and steel LM would be 

removed at the surface, producing approximately 1,200 tons of steel and 1,800 cubic yards of 

concrete. The access tower would be modified in accordance with Titan safety directives. 

Concrete from the LM would be disposed of at an approved VAH3 spoil site, and steel would 

be salvaged for scrap. Demolition would be accomplished primarily by using jackhammers to 

crack the concrete and torches to cut through the steel reinforcing bars. 

10. Subsequent to demolition, modification to existing facilities and construction of new facilities 

would begin. Overall, facility preparation is expected to occur over a period of four years. 

Demolition is expected to take about six months, with construction and modification of other 

facilities occurring over a 30-month period. Final preparation of aerospace equipment would 

occur during the final 12 months. Construction employment is expected to range from 

approximately 100 to 300 people, with an average over the four-year period expected to be 

about 200. 

11. Automobile traffic is expected to average 200 cars per day, based on a worst-case assumption 

that every employee would drive one car to the site. A maximum of 300 cars per day may 

occur for a limited duration during peak construction. Truck traffic is estimated to reach a 

maximum of 35 to 40 trucks per day during the early part of construction, during demolition 

and site preparation, decreasing to about 20 to 30 trucks with the completion of construction. 

12. The various Titan TV/Centaur space vehicle components would be shipped separately by air 

and rail to VAFB. Upon arrival, they would undergo a variety of receiving inspections and 

off-line processing before being transported to the launch pad for integration, test, and launch. 

Launch preparation activities involve assembly and testing of the Titan IV/Centaur vehicle. In 

appropriate sequence, the launch vehicle components, payload elements, and satellite would 
• Nko APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 2-12 

be transported to the launch pad from their off-line processing areas or from their point of 

arrival at VAFB. They would then be assembled and tested at the launch site. Launch 

countdown activities would occur for a period of about two weeks. 

13. As planned, a maximum of three vehicles per year would be launched from the TCLC for a 

minimum of 25 years. 

2.4 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 

1. This section presents information describing the existing environment for resources of 

concern. The information contained here has been summarized from more detailed analyses 

contained in the Draft EIS (USAF 1989a) and the Biological Assessment (Environmental 

Solutions, Inc. 1990), which have been provided to the Commission. 

2. The proposed action would be located within the California Coastal Zone and in an area 

approximately one mile from the Pacific Ocean. At the western-most termination of the Santa 

Ynez Mountains, the area is underlain by bedrock of the Monterey Formation and is at least 

60 miles from the nearest potentially active fault. Surface and ground water resources in the 

vicinity are limited, consisting primarily of several perennial and ephemeral streams that drain 

directly into the ocean. Potable water is provided from the nearby Lompoc Terrace Aquifer, 

but useable quantities of ground water do not underlie the project area. The project region is 

generally arid, with average annual precipitation of about 16 inches per year. Stream flows 

depend primarily on rainfall, with relatively high yields during periods of precipitation due to 

the generally steep local topography. 

3. The climate is Mediterranean, and the air quality is generally good, with the exception of 

infrequent occasions when ozone exceeds ambient air quality standards. This occurs primarily 

when meteorological conditions are such that pollutants generated in the Los Angeles basin are 

blown north to the project site. 

4. The project area is located within a boundary zone between coastal southern and central 

California geographic provinces. At the southern end of the Coast Ranges and western end of 

the Transverse Ranges, the area supports various vegetation and animal species that have 

reached their northern, southern, or western limits and, for this reason, is of ecological and 

biogeographical interest However, much of the local vegetation on South VAFB has been 
NRO AEPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 2-13 

modified or disturbed by humans over the past century. About two-thirds of the vegetation 

within the project area consists of central coastal scrub, with minor amounts of exotic species, 

wetlands, and riparian wetland. 

5. Because of its coastal orientation, the potential project impact area supports animals of both 

terrestrial and marine species. In general, the wildlife community tends to be composed of 

common, wide-ranging reptile, amphibian, mammal, and bird species that frequent a variety 

of habitat types found throughout VAFB and adjacent areas. The badger (Taxideas taxus), a 

regionally rare mammal, and mountain lion (Fells concolor), a fully protected species in the 

state of California, may be expected to occur in the vicinity. Six species of birds that are 

federal- or state-listed or federal candidate species are known or expected to occur in the 

vicinity: California brown pelican, ferruginous hawk, American peregrine falcon, California 

least tern, Western snowy plover, and long-billed curlew (see Figure 2.6, Nesting Locations 

of California Least Tern and Western Snowy Plover). The unarmored three-spine stickleback, 

a federal- and state-listed endangered species, occurs in Honda Creek, about two miles north 

of the project area. 

6. The Northern (Santa Barbara) Channel Islands are included in the study region. They 

occur beneath the space vehicle overflight area and could experience launch-related impacts, 

primarily sonic booms. In general, the Northern Channel Islands contain a depauperate 

animal population composed of species that are common and widespread along the mainland. 

The island fox, a state-listed threatened species, occurs on the largest islands. San Miguel 

Island is considered the largest marine mammal and seabird rookery site on the west coast of 

the United States (Engineering Science and Sea World Research Institute 1988). The island 

also contains an assemblage of caliche, a type of plant fossil in a stage of natural 

disintegration. Along the mainland shoreline of South VAFB are several haul-out areas for 

harbor seals, California sea lions, and occasional elephant and Northern fur seals. Harbor 

seals and California sea lions are the only pinniped species to use these hauling grounds as 

rookeries in the spring. 

7. The visual environment in the vicinity of South VAFB is varied, characterized by rolling hills, 

valleys utilized for agriculture and grazing, and urbanization in the nearby Lompoc Valley. 

The topography is dominated by the east-west trending Santa Ynez Mountains, which narrow 

near the coast and terminate in the proposed project area. SLC-6 is at the western extreme of 

these mountains and slopes south onto an elevated marine terrace. 
NIRO APPROVED FOR 2-14 

- ELEASE 

N F- 5 

SANTAMAR 

SANTA 

MARIA 

VANDENBERG k AIR 

FORCE 

BASE 

AREA SHOWN 

POINT 

SAL SANTA 

BARBARA 

0.0 ORCUTT 

PACIFIC OCEAN 

VANDENBERG CHANNEL ISLANDS 

VAFB NO SCALE ANTONIO 

• 

CREEK 

PURISIMA 

POINT AIR 

OCEAN BEACH 

COUNTY PARK 

POINT 

PEDERNALES 

si VANDENBERG 

4/.?2.1 VILLAGE 

2 6 • 4 vsi EZ 

LOMPOC 

FORCE 

SOUTH 

VAFB 

246

fc Riv,„ c. 

11/4,011 PROPOSED TCLC SITE 

POINT 

ARGUELLO 

4\- 

BASE 

JALAMA BEACH 

COUNTY PARK 

JALAMA 

POINT 

CONCEPTION 

FIGURE 2.6 

NESTING LOCATIONS 

• WESTERN SNOWY PLOVER 

• CALIFORNIA LEAST TERN 

0 1 2 3 4 SMILES 

NESTING LOCATIONS 

OF CALIFORNIA LEAST TERN 

AND WESTERN SNOWY PLOVER 

TCLC FEDERAL CONSISTENCY DETERMINATION 

ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC. SOURCES: USAF 1987a; 

PAGE AND STENZEL 1981. 

JFR 
t\l APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 2-15 

8. The proposed project area is situated within a region rich in archaeological and historical 

resources. The archaeological record of the region spans a minimum of 9,000 years, 

culminating in the relatively complex Chumash Indian society, which was well established 

when Spanish explorers first arrived in 1769. There followed a period of colonization, with 

establishment of the mission system, then developments in ranching, farming, and 

transportation. Throughout, the Chumash have maintained their ethnic identity and are 

advocates for preservation of the Chumash culture. 

9. The primary socioeconomic area of influence is the North County region of Santa Barbara 

County. Generally, North County employment is concentrated in agriculture, manufacturing, 

and government. VAFB is a major economic force, estimated to provide about two-thirds of 

local job opportunities. The North County is a growing area, in response to employment 

opportunities related to VAFB, the oil and gas industry, and as a bedroom community to the 

city of Santa Barbara. 

10. The region surrounding the proposed project area is primarily undeveloped and rural. Sound 

levels measured for most of the region are low, with average Community Noise Equivalent 

Levels (CNEL) of about 40 to 45 dBA (average-weighted decibels). Higher levels appear in 

industrial areas and along transportation corridors. Land use both in the county and in the 

vicinity of VAFB consists primarily of agriculture/grazing and other undeveloped uses, plus a 

few urban areas, primarily the cities of Lompoc and Santa Maria. Land use on VAFB is 

mostly (97 percent) open space. Public recreation in the vicinity is limited and consists 

primarily of Jalama Beach County Park, adjacent to the south boundary of VAFB, and Ocean 

Beach County Park, at the mouth of the Santa Ynez River, about 7 miles north of the project 

site. 

11. The transportation system affected by the proposed TCLC project would be primarily the 

highways in the vicinity of Lompoc and VAFB (State Highways 1 and 246) and surface 

streets in the city of Lompoc. The main transportation routes in the area connect with 

Highway 101, the main north-south transportation corridor in the region. Access to VAFB 

and the project site is provided by four gates and paved roadways through the base. In 

general, there is little traffic on VAFB roads. 
NtR3 APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

JUNE 2015 3-1 

3.0 POTENTIAL IMPACTS TO THE COASTAL ZONE 

1. The material contained in this chapter is summarized from the Draft EIS (USAF 1989a) and 

the TCLC Biological Assessment (Environmental Solutions, Inc. 1990). Both documents 

have been provided to the Commission. 

2. The proposed site for the TCLC project is within the coastal zone. Therefore, onsite 

construction and operations activities would occur within the coastal zone and could directly 

impact it. There also would be indirect effects to the coastal zone, such as from increased use 

of USAF and public beach and recreation areas, resulting from project-related population 

increases. The following summarizes project elements which could affect the coastal zone. 

They are addressed in greater detail in the Draft EIS and in Chapter 4.0 of this document, 

Data and Information in Support of Federal Consistency Determination. 

3. Many of the potential impacts to the natural and human environments from the proposed 

construction and operation of the TCLC project would be minor, and most would be reduced 

to levels of insignificance through project design and/or application of existing state, federal, 

and USAF rules and regulations, and/or mitigation measures. Potential impacts to the natural 

environment of the coastal zone are related to vegetation, wildlife, water resources, air quality, 

noise, and visual resources. Potential impacts to the human environment, most of which 

would occur outside of the coastal zone, are related to waste management, health and safety, 

socioeconomics, and transportation. Potential effects to land use and recreation could occur 

both within and outside of local coastal zone boundaries. 

4. Effects to wildlife and vegetation would result primarily from the operational effects of launchrelated sonic booms which are expected to produce minor impacts to Channel Islands wildlife. 

Potential effects would be mitigated through the Threatened and Endangered Species (Section 

7) Consultation process. Impacts to riparian areas resulting from project construction or 

operations are not anticipated. 

5. Local and regional water resources would be affected by ground water withdrawal for 

project construction and operations needs and by domestic use for project construction and 

operations personnel and their families. Ground water basins supplying the regional and local 

environments are each independent. Increases in withdrawal from the aquifer supplying 

South VAFB and the project site during the four-year construction phase are not expected 

to significantly affect the local ground water table. Over the long-term, however, the 
NIRO APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 3-2 

requirements of project operation would increase the existing demand by about 17 percent. 

This could result in an overdraft condition of the South VAFB aquifer, a significant local 

effect. 

6. Potential air quality impacts during construction would largely be dust from demolition 

activities. Dust would be mitigated by utilizing onsite watering. During operations, there 

would be emissions of hypergolic fuel and oxidizer vapors, plus combustion products such as 

carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides (N0x), and hydrocarbons 

(HC). These emissions would be permitted through the Santa Barbara County Air Pollution 

Control District and mitigated by control systems. The greatest source of emissions would be 

from vehicle launch, primarily hydrogen chloride (HC1) and aluminum oxide (A1203) from 

combustion of the solid rocket motors, and CO and NOxfrom combustion of hypergolic 

fuels. Standard VAFB launch operational procedures would result in minimal migration of 

pollutants into inland uncontrolled areas near VAFB. The potential for a launch anomaly 

would produce similar emissions. Studies done in support of the TCLC Authority to 

Construct permit process indicate that the short duration and intermittent nature of TCLC 

activities would not measurably affect air quality. 

7. Noise would occur primarily from normal launch events and result in noise levels of about 

100 dBA at Lompoc and 90 dBA at Santa Maria, persisting for about 60 seconds. Due to its 

short duration, such noise would be characterized as a nuisance and would not be significant. 

8. Development of the TCLC at SLC-6 would result in insignificant visual impacts, due to the 

developed nature of the site and the limited views of the area available to the public. SLC-6 is 

not visible from areas south of VAFB, including Jalama Beach. 

9. Regional impacts to historic and prehistoric cultural resources are not expected. However, the 

caliche plant fossils on San Miguel Island may be affected by the shock from launch-induced 

sonic booms. Within the project vicinity, there could be effects to the historic former U.S. 

Coast Guard Rescue Station (Boathouse), and to a prehistoric Chumash rock art site. Most 

disturbance to the Boathouse and rock art site would result from launch-related vibration and 

acidic deposition. Potential impacts to the Boathouse would be mitigated with an accelerated 

maintenance program which would involve monitoring and repair of structures. 
• NR® APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

JUNE 2015 3-3 

10. The extent of potential socioeconomic effects would depend on the number of persons who 

move to the area for the employment opportunities provided by implementation of the TCLC. 

In general, these impacts are expected to be beneficial to the growing North County area, and 

no mitigation measures are proposed. Potential transportation impacts to regional streets and 

highways also may occur, but these impacts would not be significant. 

11. Land use and recreation impacts would occur as a result of activities being disrupted by launch 

events. These impacts would be primarily to offshore oil and gas extraction operations and 

shoreline and marine recreation. Such interruption would result from projected maximums of 

three launches per year from the TCLC and six per year from other VAFB SLCs. Local 

recreational areas would not be closed for more than a maximum of six days per year due to 

launches from the TCLC. Therefore, overall impacts would not be significant. Initial 

concerns were that agricultural areas having potential for residential use in areas within the 

coastal zone south of VAFB could be affected by launches from the TCLC. However, the 

USAF has concluded that development of privately owned properties south and east of VAFB 

would be incompatible with the future of space operations and safety at VAFB. Therefore, the 

USAF has begun a detailed study of the involved real estate interests in order to define 

potential land acquisition of affected private lands near VAFB. 

12. The TCLC project would result in the generation of domestic, industrial, and hazardous 

wastes. There are USAF procedures for controlling waste generation and transport. Storage 

and treatment facilities with the capacity to accommodate these wastes are available on VAFB 

and elsewhere in the project region. Therefore, no effect to the coastal zone is anticipated. 

13. Potential health and safety impacts are related to the possible occurrence of an accident 

within or in the vicinity of the coastal zone, involving hypergolic propellant transportation/ 

storage and/or transportation and preparation of solid rocket motor upgrade (SRMU) 

segments. Rupture of hypergolic storage vessels could result in the release of toxic gases and 

the attendant possibility of explosion. However, hypergolic propellants have been shipped to 

VAFB since 1958, with no major accidents. An SRMU accident could result in ignition of the 

propellant and subsequent release of HC1, A1203, and heat, with attendant adverse health 

effects. Impacts related to either a normal launch or launch anomaly are not expected to be 

significant to local human populations. 
NRC) APE-4-VED FOR RELEASE:1 

1 JUNE 2015 4-1 

4.0 DATA AND INFORMATION IN SUPPORT OF 

FEDERAL CONSISTENCY DETERMINATION 

4.1 STATEMENT OF DETERMINATION 

1. In accordance with the Federal Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended, the 

USAF has determined that the proposed establishment of the TCLC at VAFB is consistent to 

the maximum extent practicable with the California Coastal Act of 1976, as amended in 

January 1988. Compliance is discussed in relation to specific applicable provisions of the 

Act, as found in Chapter 3 - Coastal Resources Planning and Management Policies, Chapter 5 

- State Agencies, and Chapter 7 - Development Control. 

2. This determination of consistency with the California Coastal Act of 1976, as amended, is 

supported by the past Commission findings for the STS at SLC-6. 

3. In 1982, USAF proposed the construction or modification of facilities at VAFB to 

accommodate launches of the STS from the west coast . The construction/modification of 

SLC-6 was determined by USAF to be consistent to the maximum extent practicable with the 

California Coastal Act of 1976 (Consistency Determination CD-21-82) (USAF 1982). The 

Commission issued a decision agreeing with the determination. 

4. The finding of consistency for the STS sets a precedent to be considered by the Commission 

when reviewing this Consistency Determination since the proposed action uses the same 

facility, as modified, to fulfill the objectives of the TCLC project. 

4.2 COMPLIANCE WITH THE CALIFORNIA COASTAL ACT 

4.2.1 COASTAL RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT POLICIES 

4.2.1.1 Public Access 

Section 30210 -- Access, recreational opportunities, posting. 

"In carrying out the requirement of Section 4 of Article X of the California 

Constitution, maximum access, which shall be conspicuously posted, and 

recreational opportunities shall be provided for all the people consistent 

with public safety needs and the need to protect public rights, rights of 

private property owners, and natural resource areas from overuse. 

(Amended by Ch. 1075, Stats. 1978)." 
NkO APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE, 2015 4-2 

1. Unlimited public beach access has, in the past, been provided on South VAFB via Ocean 

Beach County Park. Public access to the park from Highway 246 is posted at the Cabrillo 

Highway junction. 

2. In response to Coastal Commission concerns for maintaining recreational access to beaches 

along the. VAFB coastline, consistent with the need to maintain public safety and public rights, 

the rights of private property owners, and to protect natural resource areas from overuse, 

VAFB provides unlimited lateral beach access at two locations: (1) from Jalama Beach 

County Park, approximately one mile north to a natural rock outcropping barrier (public 

access to Jalama Beach County Park from Jalama Road is posted at the Highway 1 junction), 

and (2) at Ocean Beach County Park, extending approximately 3.5 miles south of the mouth 

of the Santa Ynez River and about 1.5 miles north, to a natural rock outcropping barrier (see 

Figure 4.1, Coastal Access: Vandenberg Air Force Base). 

3. Restricted public access is also granted on North VAFB from Purisima Point south for a 

distance of about 3.5 miles. Public use of this area is by reservation for weekends and 

holidays. Access to the area is via the 13th Street Gate north of Highway 246. Fifty passes 

valid for an entire weekend or holiday period are provided on a first-come, first-served basis. 

Natural rock outcropping barriers and government property signs conspicuously delineate this 

restricted beach area. 

4. There are about 9.5 miles of open and restricted areas of public beach access along the 

VAFB shoreline (Figure 4.1). Other areas on VAFB, including sensitive habitats, are also 

accessible, upon request, for scientific and educational purposes. Public access to these 

areas is recognized in VAFB Regulation 126.1 and is granted to beach areas only. Access 

to inland areas of VAFB is strictly prohibited for national and military security needs (see 

Sections 30212 and 30214). Access provided to VAFB beaches reduces potential projectrelated demand on other beaches in the local area 

5. VAFB also provides outdoor recreation facilities on lands owned by the USAF for military 

personnel and their families (see 30221, 30252). 

Section 30211 -- Development not to interfere with access. 

"Development shall not interfere with the public's right of access to the 

sea where acquired through use, or legislative authorization, including, 

but not limited to, the use of dry sand and rocky coastal beaches to the 

first line of terrestrial vegetation." 
ENVIRONMENTAL SOLUTIONS, INC. SOURCE: USAF 1982. 

0 4 8 MILES 

c,fJUNE 2O5 

LOMPOC 

PURISIMA POINT AIR 

3.5 MILES UMITED ACCESS 

50 PERSONS WEEKENDS AND 

HOLIDAYS 

1.5 MILES UNUMITED ACCESS 

NORTH 

VAFB 

VANDENBERG 

VILLAGE 

3.5 MILES UNUMITED ACCESS 

FORCE 

POINT PEDERNALES 

SLC-6 

POINT ARGUELLO 

VINA TERRACE 

CYPRESS RIDGE 

BOATHOUSE FLATS 

SOUTH 

VAFB 

BASE 

VANDENBERG 

POINT CONCEPTION 

FIGURE 4.1 

COASTAL ACCESS 

VANDENBERG AIR FORCE BASE 

TCLC FEDERAL CONSISTENCY DETERMINATION 

1 MILE UNUMITED ACCESS 

JALAMA BEACH 

COUNTY PARK 

SCALE 

JALAMA 

WO APPROVED FOR RELEASE. 4-3 
NR® APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 4-4 

1. The TCLC project will not interfere with the public's right of access to the sea, as acquired 

through use or legislative authorization. 

2. Access to Jalama Beach County Park is occasionally restricted in order to protect public health 

and safety during launches in a southerly direction from VA/.13. Recent records show that 

USAF activities required Jalama Beach to be closed for two days during Fiscal Year 1987 

(October 1986 to September 1987). USAF activities did not require the closure of Jalarna 

Beach during Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989. The limited (two-day) closure occurred even 

though there were 20 launches in 1987, 13 launches in 1988, and 13 launches in 1989. It is 

not expected that access to Jalama Beach County Park would be restricted due to launches of 

small vehicles such as the Scout and commercial launches. 

3. Implementation of the TCLC project at SLC-6 would require the closure of Jalama Beach no 

more than six days per year. This estimate is based on a projected maximum launch rate of 

three vehicles per year from the TCLC facility and on past launches, which have required no 

more than two days of closure per launch. The probability that a launch from the TCLC 

would require restricting access to Jalama Beach County Park during weekends is 

approximately one in three which, on the average, would result in the closure of Jalama Beach 

for two weekend days per year. The probability of a launch from the TCLC occurring during 

peak recreation season (June through August) is one in four. The peak recreation season is 

only long enough for one launch from the TCLC during a single year. 

4. Implementation of the TCLC project at SLC-6 is the method adopted to minimize the project's 

adverse impacts on access. This method would result in a net reduction in potential access 

restrictions to Jalama Beach since it would no longer be possible to launch the STS from 

VAFB, a currently viable option. As found consistent with the California Coastal Act of 

1976 as amended, STS operations were planned for 10 launches annually which could have 

resulted in an annual closure rate for Jalama Beach of 20 days per year (Consistency 

Determination CD-21-82) from USAF activities (USAF 1982). Using this baseline for 

comparison, implementation of TCLC at SLC-6 would result in a potential net reduction of 

restricted access to Jalama Beach of 14 days per year. 

Section 30212 -- New development projects, provisions for access. 

"(a) Public access from the nearest public roadway to the shoreline and 

along the coast shall be provided in new development projects except 

where (1) it is inconsistent with public safety, military security needs, or 
• 00 APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 4-5 

the protection of fragile coastal resources, (2) adequate access exists 

nearby, or (3) agriculture would be adversely affected. Dedicated 

accessway shall not be required to be opened to public use until a public 

agency or private association agrees to accept responsibility for 

maintenance and liability of the accessway." 

"(c) Nothing in this division shall restrict public access nor shall it excuse 

the performance of duties and responsibilities of public agencies which are 

required by Sections 66478.1 to 66478.14, inclusive, of the Government 

Code and by Section 4 of Article X of the California Constitution." 

1. Restricted public access to the shoreline is provided in accordance with Section 30212(1). 

Lateral access with respect to beach areas identified above is pedestrian only. Using these 

areas for entrance to upland or inland areas of VAFB is strictly prohibited for national and 

military security reasons. The Titan and Scout vehicles and related facilities located on VAFB 

could be harmed by weapons fire as small as rifle shot. Military security experts have 

concluded that uncontrolled public access to these areas is an open invitation to foreign agents 

and saboteurs. Security considerations are important because they constitute the only 

protection the United States has for the resources located on VAFB. Whenever possible, 

USAF has taken measures to facilitate public access to the beaches along the VAFB shoreline 

by providing public access to Ocean Beach and Jalama Beach County Parks, to VAFB 

beaches through security police access points on a reservation basis, and by allowing the 

public in general to travel over VAFB roads in order to reach the state beach at Point Sal (see 

Figure 4.1). Further access would not allow USAF to maintain minimal levels of security. 

2. Lateral public access also is controlled for reasons of public safety. At various times, 

launch-related risks exist in the beach areas between Ocean Beach and Jalama Beach County 

Parks. Risks include potential impacts from debris, as well as from firebrand, noise, and 

launch exhaust. Existing public access policy provides for control and evacuation procedures 

that include accountability of persons using these areas. Positive accountability and 

evacuation are necessary for public safety during certain launches (see 30211). Because the 

areas dedicated to public access are defined by natural physical barriers, USAF is able to 

achieve efficient evacuation prior to launches. 

3. At various times, scientific research and educational groups take advantage of the undisturbed 

nature and sensitive wildlife habitats preserved along the VAFB coastline. Any changes in 

beach access procedures could impact endangered species and sensitive habitats which have 

been preserved along the coastline, in cooperation with the California Department of Fish and 

Game. The USAF has taken measures to maximize beach access while, at the same time, 
• N'RO APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 4-6 

providing protection for the military mission and natural resources. Due to the locations of 

shore access roads, additions to existing access policy would make possible public access to 

large areas of VAFB and impose an increased threat to habitats of sensitive species. 

Section 30212,5—Distribution of public facilities. 

"Wherever appropriate and feasible, public facilities, including parking 

areas or facilities, shall be distributed throughout an area so as to mitigate 

against the impacts, social and otherwise, of overcrowding or overuse by 

the public of any single area." 

1. Public beach facilities adjacent to VAFB include those at Ocean Beach and Jalama Beach 

County Parks. According to the 1981 California Coastal Access Guide, Ocean Beach County 

Park consists of a 28-acre unimproved park on a broad beach area. Facilities include parking, 

picnic tables, barbecue fire pits, and pit toilets. Jalama Beach County Park, located north of 

Point Conception, is a 28-acre improved park on a broad beach area with coastal bluffs. The 

park provides parking, restrooms, 120 campsites, picnic tables, barbecue fire pits, hiking and 

equestrian trails, boating and fishing facilities, convenience store and snack stand, and 

facilities for the disabled. The provision of public access to the VAFB coastline reduces 

potential impacts of overcrowding and overuse, as discussed in Section 30250. 

Section 30213--Development of low-cost facilities. 

"Lower cost visitor and recreational facilities shall be protected, 

encouraged and, where feasible, provided. Developments providing 

public recreational opportunities are preferred." 

1. By allowing lateral access from local county parks, VAFB provides low-cost recreational 

opportunities. These uses are encouraged, provided, and protected, as noted in Sections 

30210, 30211, 30212 and 30212.5. A use fee is currently charged at Jalama Beach County 

Park, while free access is provided at Ocean Beach County Park. 

Section 30214--Implementation of public access policies. 

"(a) The public access policies of this article shall be implemented in a 

manner that takes into account the need to regulate the time, place, and 

manner of public access depending on the facts and circumstances in each 

case including, but not limited to, the following: (1) Topographic and 

geologic site characteristics. (2) The capacity of the site to sustain use and 

at what level of intensity. (3) The appropriateness of limiting public 

access to the right to pass and repass depending on such factors as the 

fragility of the natural resources in the area... (b) It is the intent of the 

Legislature that the public access policies of this article be carried out in a 
NRO APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 „JUNE 2015 4-7 

reasonable manner that considers the equities and that balances the rights 

of the individual property owner with the public's constitutional right of 

access, pursuant to Section 4 of Article X of the California Constitution. 

Nothing in this section or any amendment thereto shall be construed as a 

limitation on the rights guaranteed to the public under Section 4 of Article 

X of the California Constitution. (c) In carrying out the public access 

policies of this article, the commission, regional commissions, and any 

other responsible public agency shall consider and encourage the 

utilization of innovative access management techniques, including, but not 

limited to, agreements with private organizations which would minimize 

management costs and encourage the use of volunteer programs 

(Amended by Ch. 919, Stats. 1979)." 

1. As described in Sections 30210, 30211, 30212, 30212.5, and 30213, public access policy 

provisions in Article 2 of the California Coastal Act have been encouraged and implemented to 

the maximum extent possible. VAFB Regulation 126-1, August 2, 1982, as amended, 

establishes official policy, procedures, and responsibilities with respect to public access 

policies. 

4.2.1.2 Recreation 

Section 30220--Protection of water-oriented activities. 

"Coastal areas suited for water-oriented recreational activities that cannot 

readily be provided at inland water areas shall be protected for such uses." 

1. VAFB provides areas for water-oriented recreational activities. The public access and lateral 

beach use areas (see Figure 4.1) ensure, encourage, and protect unique coastal areas for both 

passive and active recreational activities such as sightseeing, hiking, biking, fishing, and 

picnicking, as well as scientific and educational activities. Due to the presence of strong 

currents and other dangerous conditions discussed in Section 30224, beaches along the VAFB 

coastline are considered unsafe for swimming and surfing. Accordingly, these activities are 

prohibited in beach areas to which USAF allows access. In the interest of public safety, beach 

activities on VAFB are monitored_ 

2. As proposed, the project would not affect the quality or configuration of local beaches. 

During actual launch events, expected to occur a maximum of three times per year, the local 

coastal area would be cleared of nonessential personnel. Otherwise, local coastal recreational 

areas would not be affected by project operations. 
NRO APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 4-8 

Section 30221--Protection of oceanfront land suitable for recreation. 

"Oceanfront land suitable for recreational use shall be protected for 

recreational use and development unless present and foreseeable future 

demand for public or commercial recreational activities that could be 

accommodated on the property is already adequately provided for in the 

area." 

1. Except during launch events, the oceanfront Boathouse area of South VAFB would not be 

affected in regard to recreational use by USAF personnel and their guests. Public access to 

the area would not be appropriate and is not provided by USAF. Public access to the 

shoreline along the bluffs would not be affected. 

Section 30224--Encouragement of recreational boating use. 

"Increased recreational boating use of coastal waters shall be encouraged, 

in accordance with this division, by developing dry storage areas, 

increasing public launching facilities, providing additional berthing space 

in existing harbors, limiting non-water-dependent land uses that congest 

access corridors and preclude boating support facilities, harbors of refuge, 

and by providing for new boating facilities in natural harbors, new 

protected water areas, and in areas dredged from dry land." 

1. Although there is no marina development at VAFB, some private fishing and recreational 

boats from San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara visit the area. Such use of coastal waters 

would not be impacted, except during launches (see Section 30211). Notice of a possible 

launch is posted in various ports and in the Notice to Mariners. On occasions that vessels are 

noted in the danger zone for a specific launch, USAF sends helicopters to notify the boat by 

loudspeaker and attempts to notify boaters by ship-to-shore communications to vacate the 

area. The probability of damage to vessels is small, but USAF attempts to eliminate this risk 

by prohibiting vessels from the area during launches. 

2. The Boathouse External Tank Landing facility, which may be utilized for barge delivery of 

launch complex structures, was not intended for recreational use. Its design for use by 

shallow draft barges, plus normal conditions of prevalent fogs, rough water, and dangerous 

tidal rock outcroppings, precludes it from consideration as a safe harbor facility. In the past, 

the Point Arguello Boathouse was considered a harbor of refuge, and temporary tie-up for 

mariner emergencies and severe storm weather conditions will continue to be permitted. 
• NRO APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 4-9 

4.2.1.3 Marine Environment and Habitat Resources 

Section 30230--Maintenance of marine resources. 

"Marine resources shall be maintained, enhanced, and where feasible, 

restored. Special protection shall be given to areas and species of special 

biological or economic significance. Uses of the marine environment 

shall be carried out in a manner that will sustain the biological productivity 

of coastal waters and that will maintain healthy populations of all species 

of marine organisms adequate for long-term commercial, recreational, 

scientific, and educational purposes." 

Section 30231--Maintenance of biological productivity, water quality. 

"The biological productivity and the quality of coastal waters, streams, 

wetlands, estuaries, and lakes appropriate to maintain optimum 

populations of marine organisms and for the protection of human health 

shall be maintained and, where feasible, restored through, among other 

means, minimizing adverse effects of waste water discharges and 

entrainment, controlling runoff, preventing depletion of ground water 

supplies and substantial interference with surface water flow, encouraging 

waste water reclamation, maintaining natural vegetation buffer areas that 

protect riparian habitats, and minimizing alteration of natural streams." 

Section 30240--Environmentally sensitive habitat area, adjacent developments. 

"(a) Environmentally sensitive habitat areas shall be protected against any 

significant disruption of habitat values, and only uses dependent on such 

resources shall be allowed within such areas. 

"(b) Development in areas adjacent to environmentally sensitive habitat 

areas and parks and recreation areas shall be sited and designed to prevent 

impacts which would significantly degrade such areas, and shall be 

compatible with the continuance of such habitat areas." 

1. As a result of concern about the potential for sonic booms from launches from the TCLC to 

impact marine mammals and seabirds of the Northern Channel Islands, USAF conducted 

studies to assess the potential for impacts. This study is summarized in Appendix D of the 

TCLC Biological Assessment provided to the Commission (Environmental Solutions, Inc. 

1990). In addition, informal and formal Section 7 consultations have been initiated with 

USFWS and National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) in compliance with the Marine 

Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) and the Endangered Species Act. 

2. The results of this research effort indicate that there is little likelihood that sonic booms from 

TCLC launches would adversely impact marine mammal and seabird populations of the 

Northern Channel Islands. Data generated by using the Saber II Model indicate that 

Titan TV/Centaur sonic booms would add little to the level of disturbance on the islands and 

are unlikely to cause mortality of seabird eggs or chicks, serious startling of seabirds, impacts 
' 00 APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 4-10 

on brown pelicans, physiological disruption to marine mammals, or significant mortality to 

marine mammal populations (see Figure 4.2, Titan IV/Centaur Sonic Boom Footprint). Some 

boom impacts from the Titan IV/Centaur are expected to be lower than those estimated for the 

STS since the intensity and frequency of the booms would be lower due to the smaller vehicle 

and lower launch rate. 

3. As outlined in 50 C1-7t 228.4(a)(3) and (4), the MMPA requires that a permit be issued by the 

NMFS for the incidental taking of marine mammals. If necessary, USAF will obtain an 

appropriate "Incidental Take" permit prior to initiation of project operations. An Incidental 

Take permit would ensure that launch activities would not jeopardize the continued existence 

of endangered or threatened species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of 

habitat of such species. The progress of the action and impacts would be reported as per the 

requirements of the permit and in accordance with 50 CFR Part 222.23(d). If, during the 

course of the action, the amount or extent of the taking were to be exceeded, USAF would 

reinitiate consultations immediately (50 CFR Part 402.14(0(4)). 

4. During the Environmental Impact Analysis Process for the Space Shuttle, the Commission 

staff expressed concern over the loss of intertidal habitat and the potential loss of a harbor seal 

haul-out area as a result of the dredging operation for the External Tank Landing facility at the 

Boathouse. Activities undertaken at this location during construction and operation of the 

TCLC would be equivalent to ongoing maintenance procedures for SLC-6, i.e., periodic 

delivery of materials, and would be in compliance with activities established and permitted for 

the Space Shuttle. No new areas would be impacted. 

5. Areas to the east and west of the external tank landing facility are periodically used for hauling 

out by harbor seals. These areas have received only semi-regular use by six or more 

individuals and are not considered to be critical use areas. Disturbance to animals utilizing 

areas adjacent to the Boathouse would be associated with times of human activity during the 

construction period and intermittently during project operations. Human interference would 

be minimized by restricting access by nonessential personnel. Harbor seals have shown 

resilience to human disturbances by adjusting their hauling-out behavior to avoid periods of 

human activity and, in the case of more extreme disturbances, by moving to areas further 

away. Other suitable hauling-out areas exist in proximity to the Boathouse. A hauling-out 

area at Point Conception is utilized continually by about 150 harbor seals. 
• 4-11 ENVIRONMENTALSOLUTIONS, INC. 

uj 

cf) 

Lis 

..J 

11J 

0 

0 

o t.c) 

[1- CV 

< W 

z 

SOURCE: USAF 1989a. 
NRC) APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

-1 JUNE 2015 4-12 

6. Confirmation of impacts to threatened and endangered species during construction and 

operations of the TCLC would be obtained through a monitoring program. The monitoring 

program would ensure compliance with conditions in a potential Incidental Take Permit (see 

above discussion of Incidental Take Permit) and ensure the effectiveness of mitigation 

measures stipulated during Section 7 consultation. 

7. The structure and content of the monitoring program would be developed in consultation with 

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and NMFS. This "team" approach to program 

development ensures that the program would address marine mammal species and issues of 

concern and has been agreed to in concept by USFWS and NMFS. An important part of the 

monitoring program is the ongoing Sea World Research Institute effort which is designed to 

gather baseline animal behavior data prior to and after launches. These data will be used to 

monitor changes in pinniped and sea bird populations and mortality trends that may result 

from space launches and to build a predictive model to forecast future animal abundance. 

8. Implementation of the TCLC at SLC-6 would not require the construction of utility corridors 

or other facilities that would directly impact wetland areas. Runoff from the project site and 

the impacts to wetlands associated with runoff would be minimized since ground-disturbing 

activities are not contemplated. Erosion that does occur would be controlled to the extent 

possible during and after construction in accordance with requirements of an Erosion Control 

and Restoration Plan that would be prepared for the proposed project and available to the 

public. 

9. Launch wastewater would be treated at the SLC-6 wastewater treatment plant, utilizing 

ultraviolet ozonization (if available and necessary), and disposed of in the existing evaporation 

ponds. No launch or other wastewater would be discharged to grade or to the ocean. 

10. Domestic wastewater would be discharged to the existing sanitary sewer and treatment facility, 

located on SLC-6 (see Figure 2.5). The facilities would be operated in compliance with the 

Report of Waste Discharge Permit as administered by the Regional Water Quality Control 

Board. 
• NE (._7) APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

JUNE 2015 4-13 

11 The following are some examples of prescribed construction mitigation measures that would 

be taken to avoid adverse impacts to wetlands, streams, and canyons. These measures would 

be incorporated into contract specifications. 

• Design and construction shall be planned and implemented for 

containment and control of runoff. 

• The construction contractor shall locate temporary facilities and perform 

construction operations within areas designated on construction maps. 

Further, facilities and operations shall be located and performed such that 

environmentally significant areas are not degraded. 

• The construction and operating contractors shall institute adequate 

measures for storage and disposal of debris and other waste products. 

Storage and disposal of debris shall be in accordance with applicable 

codes and according to plans submitted to and approved by the 

Contracting Officer. 

• Upon completion of construction within a nonoperational site area, that 

area shall be returned to its preconstruction or natural state including: 

Preservation of natural drainage channel. 

Removal and/or replacement of excavated material. 

- Resloping and grading. 

- Revegetation with approved natural or noncompetitive species. 

12. SLC-6 is located approximately two miles from Honda Creek, a habitat for the endangered 

(federal- and state-listed) unarmored three-spined stickleback. A detailed analysis of the 

potential effects of acidic deposition from rocket exhaust products during launch was 

undertaken in support of the Biological Assessment (Environmental Solutions, Inc. 1990). 

This analysis used water quality data gathered from three nearby streams (since none are 

available for Honda Creek) and worst-case assumptions regarding acidic deposition. The 

nearby streams are similar to Honda Creek in that they rise in the same area and flow through 

the same geologic structures. This is supported by similarities in water quality parameters 

found in the three streams. The analysis showed that the buffering capacity of the water is 

significantly (approximately 100 times greater) greater than that required for complete 

neutralization of the acid. A 1976 report indicates that the natural buffering capacity of Honda 

Creek is as much as twice as great as that assumed in the analysis (Columbe and Cooper 

1976). As a result, significant impacts to the unarmored three-spined stickleback are not 

expected. 

Section 30232--Oil and hazardous substance spills 

"Protection against the spillage of crude oil, gas, petroleum products, or 

hazardous substances shall be provided in relation to any development or 

transportation of such materials. Effective containment and cleanup 

facilities and procedures shall be provided for accidental spills that occur." 
' • NICE APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 4-14 

1. Protection from the accidental spillage of oil, gas, petroleum products, or other hazardous 

substances is provided for in the VAFB Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures Plan 

and in the Toxic and Hazardous Waste Management Operations Plan (USAF 1989b). Further 

protection is afforded by the requirement that construction contractors have spill contingency 

plans in place prior to construction. 

2. Launch deluge water (wastewater) will be treated at the SLC-6 wastewater treatment plant, 

utilizing ultraviolet ozonization if necessary, and disposed of in the existing evaporation 

ponds. Treatment methodology will be approved by the Regional Water Quality Control 

Board, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the California Department of 

Health Services. Hazardous wastes generated by the TCLC will be collected for disposal off 

of VAFB. 

3. During launches from the TCLC, USAF will advise oil companies operating offshore of the 

need to evacuate oil platforms considered to be at risk from the launch. According to oil 

industry representatives, prior to evacuation of a platform, the wellbore will be closed and 

capped and the blow-out prevention equipment on the ocean floor and the platform will be 

activated to prevent a spill. In addition, not all personnel would be evacuated. A skeleton 

crew trained in fire fighting, damage control, and spill response would remain on the 

platform and be in a shelter for approximately 12 minutes at the time of the launch. Personnel 

remaining on the rig could promptly respond to emergencies utilizing onboard equipment and, 

if necessary, request assistance from shore-based support services. 

Section 30233 Diking, filling, or dredging 

"(a) The diking, filling, or dredging of open coastal waters, wetlands, 

estuaries, and lakes shall be permitted in accordance with other applicable 

provisions of this division, where there is no feasible less environmentally 

damaging alternative, and where feasible mitigation measures have been 

provided to minimize adverse environmental effects, and shall be limited 

to the following... 

"(2) Maintaining existing, or restoring previously dredged, depths in 

existing navigational channels, turning basins, vessel berthing and 

mooring areas, and boat launching ramps..." 

1. No dredging is anticipated to be necessary to support the TCLC for the next ten years. If 

dredging should become necessary, a consistency determination would be prepared and 

submitted in accordance with the Federal Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended. 
• NRO , pRovED FOR RELEASE 

JUNE;20 5 4-15 

4.2.1.4 Land Resources 

Section 30241--Prime agricultural land, maintenance in agricultural production. 

"The maximum amount of prime agricultural land shall be maintained in 

agricultural production to assure the protection of the areas' agricultural 

economy, and conflicts shall be minimized between agricultural and urban 

land uses..." 

1. Large agricultural areas, including prime, open space, and grazing lands, exist on VAFB and 

throughout the region. These act to form a buffer between the base and nearby urban areas. 

The TCLC project would have no direct impact to prime agricultural lands on VAFB. Further, 

the TCLC program would encourage the continued use of lands in the vicinity of the launch 

site for agricultural purposes, as such lands are essential to launch safety as buffer areas. 

Section 30244--Archaeological or paleontological resources. 

"Where development would adversely impact archaeological or 

paleontological resources as identified by the State Historic Preservation 

Officer, reasonable mitigation measures shall be required." 

1. The archaeological landscape in the vicinity of the TCLC project is rich and varied. The 

USAF has identified archaeological resource areas through archival and literature searches, an 

intensive surface inventory, and consultation with the VAFB base archaeologist, local Native 

American groups, and qualified archaeologists. The definition and protection of known and 

unknown historic properties is a consideration of the TCLC project. 

2. If the proposed project is implemented as proposed at SLC-6, impacts to archaeological or 

paleontological resources would be minimized, since ground-disturbing activities are not 

anticipated_ Documentation of project effects would be coordinated through the State Historic 

Preservation Officer (SHPO) and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP), as 

appropriate. Property treatment, if required to mitigate potential adverse effects, would be 

coordinated through the SHPO and ACHP. The treatment plan will include the consideration 

of significant properties which may be discovered during construction and will provide for the 

monitoring of archaeologically sensitive areas by one or more qualified archaeologists and 

Native American Monitors. 
" NIRO APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 4-16 

4.2.1.5 Development 

Section 30250--Facilities Location 

"(a) New residential, commercial, or industrial development, except as 

otherwise provided in this division, shall be located within, contiguous 

with, or in close proximity to, existing developed areas able to 

accommodate it or, where such areas are not able to accommodate it, in 

other areas with adequate public services and where it will not have 

significant adverse effects, either individually or cumulatively, on coastal 

resources. In addition, land divisions, other than leases for agricultural 

uses, outside existing developed areas shall be permitted only where 

50 percent of the usable parcels in the area have been developed and the 

created parcels would be no smaller than the average size of surrounding 

parcels." 

1. Development of the TCLC project will involve certain growth-related impacts outside the 

boundaries of VAFB, including population in-migration and related demands for housing and 

associated services in the communities of north Santa Barbara County. Research indicates that 

temporary housing for an estimated maximum of 300 construction workers is available. 

2. For potential new operations employees, adequate housing and/or developable land are 

available within the nearby communities of Lompoc and Santa Maria. Growth associated with 

the proposed project could be accommodated with utilization of existing system% as the area 

currently is in a growth mode. There is a concern regarding water supply, as the source of 

water for these communities is currently in overdraft. It is estimated that, as a worst case, 

population increase associated with TCLC employment could result in a 0.2 percent increase 

over 1988 water use. Although small, this would be an increase to an existing overdraft 

condition and, therefore, would be considered significant. However, it is not expected to 

affect the coastal zone. Water requirements of the project itself would affect the aquifer that 

supplies South VAFB, increasing demand by about 17 percent and resulting in this water 

supply being in an overdraft condition of approximately 45 acre-feet per year. 

Section 30251--Scenic and visual qualities. 

"The scenic and visual qualities of coastal areas shall be considered and 

protected as a resource of public importance. Permitted development shall 

be sited and designed to protect views to and along the ocean and scenic 

coastal areas, to minimize the alteration of natural land forms, to be 

visually compatible with the character of surrounding areas, and, where 

feasible, to restore and enhance visual quality in visually degraded 

areas..." 
NReL) APPROVED FOP RELEASE 

1 JUNE 20.15 4-17 

1. Implementation of the TCLC project at SLC-6 would not significantly affect the scenic and 

visual qualities of the coastal zone near VAFB. SLC-6 is an existing launch complex which is 

situated so that it is not visible from high-use areas such as Jalama Beach and Ocean Beach 

County Parks (see Figure 2.4). While some existing structures would be replaced or modified 

at SLC-6 (see Section 2.3), the changes would have minimal impacts on natural landforms 

and would not significantly alter SLC-6's visual presence in the regional environment. 

Section 30252--Maintenance and enhancement of public access. 

The location and amount of new development should maintain and 

enhance public access to the coast by... (6) assuring the recreational needs 

of new residents will not overload nearby coastal recreation areas by 

correlating the amount of development with local park acquisition and 

development plans with the provision of onsite recreational facilities to 

serve the new development." 

1. USAF provides outdoor recreation lands and facilities for its population of military personnel 

and their families, employed civilians and, in special cases, other agency and contractor 

personnel. Outdoor recreation facilities and lands owned by USAF satisfy a portion of the 

recreation needs of its personnel, but USAF is not self-sufficient in meeting its recreation 

requirements. An estimate of the outdoor recreation needs of USAF personnel and their 

families met by on-base land and facilities varies from base to base but is usually less than 

50 percent (USAF 1982). Thus, USAF personnel seek additional recreational opportunities 

provided by local and state agencies and the private sector. These include winter sports, 

scenic areas such as State and National Parks, primitive wilderness areas, wild and scenic 

rivers, and ocean recreation such as fishing, boating, surfing, and swimming. 

2. There are numerous inland areas, as well as various beaches and coastal-related recreation 

facilities, on VAFB which are for military use and reduce the demand for off-base recreational 

facilities. The temporary and permanent personnel to be employed for the TCLC would 

account for a relatively small portion of the total recreational demand related to VAFB 

operations. 

3. It is estimated that population increases of less than 0.5 percent would occur in the Santa 

Maria and Santa Ynez Valleys as a result of the proposed project. This new population would 

be expected to utilize public inland and coastal recreational facilities within the North County 

area. Other than during holiday periods, nearby coastal recreation areas are not fully utilized, 

so population related to the TCLC would not be expected to overload existing facilities. 
' • r\IN® APPROVED HOE RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 4-18 

Section 30253 (2)--Safety, stability, pollution, energy conservation, visitors. 

"New development shall... 

"(2) Assure stability and structural integrity, and neither create nor 

contribute significantly to erosion, geologic instability, or destruction of 

the site or surrounding area or in any way require the construction of 

protective devices that would substantially alter natural landforms along 

bluffs and cliffs." 

1. Implementation of the proposed action at SLC-6 would minimize potential erosion and 

geologic impacts since it is an existing facility and additional ground-disturbing activities are 

not contemplated. During project operations, the existing paved drainage control system 

would minimize erosion over the long term. 

2. There is some potential for sonic booms to cause disturbance to the caliche forest on 

San Miguel Island. This fragile resource is constantly undergoing degradation from naturally. 

occurring processes such as wind, thunder, rain, and earthquakes. Impacts of sonic booms 

are not expected to differ in magnitude from these natural forces, although they may cause an 

accelerated rate of caliche decay. Mitigation for a process that occurs naturally and results in 

continuous weathering and destruction of the resource is not practicable. 

Section 30253 (3)--Consistency with local and state air pollution jurisdictions. 

"New development shall... 

"(3) Be consistent with requirements imposed by an air pollution control 

district or the State Air Resources Control Board as to each particular 

development." 

1. A major emphasis of the Clean Air Act is that prevention and control of air pollution at its 

source is the primary responsibility of state and local governments. It delegates authority for 

regulation of National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and hazardous emissions to 

states and local areas with programs that have been approved by the EPA. 

2. The Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District (SBCAPCD) has an EPA-approved 

State Implementation Plan (SIP) which authorizes it to regulate new sources of air pollution 

within the district. Regulation is primarily done through a permitting program which requires 

an applicant to obtain an Authority to Construct (ATC) prior to construction of a new or 

modified source of air contaminant emissions and a Permit to Operate (PTO) prior to operation 
NRCT APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 4-19 

modified source of air contaminant emissions and a Permit to Operate (PTO) prior to operation 

of a new or modified emissions source. Granting an ATC is contingent upon the findings of 

an air quality impact evaluation termed "New Source Review" (NSR), which is performed to 

determine whether the proposed new or modified source has the potential to violate 

SBCAPCD, California Air Resources Board (CARB), or EPA-established standards for 

ambient air quality. Therefore, compliance with SBCAPCD rules and regulations ensures 

compliance with the requirements of CARB, the EPA, and the Clean Air Act. 

3. Consultations with SBCAPCD regarding permitting compliance have been ongoing since 

1988. The proposed TCLC project would be constructed and operated in accordance with all 

applicable SBCAPCD, CARB, and EPA rules and regulations. While there are no permitting 

requirements for emissions from the launch vehicle (it is not a stationary source), an ATC 

permit for construction activities and ground support systems must be obtained prior to 

conversion of SLC-6 for the TCLC and a PTO obtained prior to operation of the launch 

complex. 

Section 30254--Public works facilities. 

"New or expanded public works facilities shall be designed and limited 

to accommodate needs generated by development or uses permitted 

consistent with the provisions of this division; provided, however, that it 

is the intent of the Legislature that State Highway Route 1 in rural areas of 

the coastal zone remain a scenic two-lane road. Special districts shall not 

be formed or expanded except where assessment for, and provision of, 

the service would not induce new development inconsistent with this 

division. Where existing or planned public works facilities can 

accommodate only a limited amount of new development, services to 

coastal-dependent land use, essential public services and basic industries 

vital to the economic health of the region, state, or nation, public 

recreation, commercial recreation, and visitor-serving land uses shall not 

be precluded by other development." 

1. The cumulative effect of the TCLC and other VAFB-related projects would result in increased 

demands for various public services, such as education, water, wastewater treatment, public 

health, and safety. The TCLC project would not require direct expansion or preclude essential 

public works facilities. Additional discussion is contained in sections on water, wastewater 

treatment, public access, recreation, and socioeconomics. 
NP APPROVILD FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE: 2015 4-20 

4.2.2 STATE AGENCIES 

Section 30414--State Water Resources Control Board and regional water quality control boards. 

"(b) The State Water Resources Control Board and the California regional 

water quality control boards are the state agencies with primary 

responsibility for the coordination and control of water quality..." 

1. USAF will obtain permits from the Regional Water Quality Control Board, Central Coast 

Region, for the SLC-6 storage/evaporation ponds. 

Section 30414--State Air Resources Board and local air pollution control districts. 

"(a) The State Air Resources Board and local air pollution control districts 

established pursuant to state law and consistent with requirements of 

federal law are the principal public agencies responsible for the 

establishment of ambient air quality and emission standards and air 

pollution control programs. The provisions of this division do not 

authorize the commission or any local government to establish any 

ambient air quality standard or emission standard, air pollution control 

program or facility, or to modify any ambient air quality standard, 

emission standard, or air pollution control program or facility which has 

been established by the state board or by an air pollution control district." 

1. An air pollutant emissions inventory and an Air Quality Impact Analysis (AQIA) for the TCLC 

would be completed preparatory to the ATC application which would be submitted to 

SBCAPCD. An air quality monitoring program for criteria pollutants, with one station in 

Lompoc, is ongoing as part of the county's overall basin monitoring system. 

4.2.3 DEVELOPMENT CONTROL, GENERAL PROVISIONS 

Section 30607.1--Wetlands dike and fill development, mitigation measures. 

"Where any dike and fill development is permitted in wetlands in 

conformity with this division, mitigation measures shall include, at a 

minimum either acquisition of equivalent areas of equal or greater 

biological productivity or opening up equivalent areas to tidal action; 

provided, however, that if no appropriate restoration site is available, an 

in-lieu fee sufficient to provide an area of equivalent productive value or 

surface areas shall be dedicated to an appropriate public agency, or such 

replacement site shall be purchased before the dike or fill development 

may proceed. Such mitigation measures shall not be required for 

temporary or short-term fill or diking; provided, that a bond or other 

evidence of financial responsibility is provided to assure that restoration 

will be accomplished in the shortest feasible time." 
rCl.?,(1 APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 4-21 

1. There would be no dikes or fills in wetlands and no destruction of wetland habitat as a result 

of the proposed action (see Section 4.2.1.3). In general, interference with other natural 

drainage systems would be minimized by using existing drainage systems to the maximum 

extent practicable and by avoidance of temporary drainage interference during construction. 

Section 30610--Coastal development permit requirements. 

"Notwithstanding any provision in this division to the contrary, no coastal 

development permit shall be required pursuant to this chapter for the 

following types of development and in the following areas... 

"(c) Maintenance dredging of existing navigation channels or moving 

dredged material from such channels to a disposal area outside the coastal 

zone, pursuant to a permit from the United States Army Corps of 

Engineers. 

"(d) Repair or maintenance activities that do not result in an addition to, or 

enlargement or expansion of, the object of such repair or maintenance 

activities; provided, however, that if the commission determines that 

certain extraordinary methods of repair and maintenance that involve a risk 

of substantial adverse environmental impact, it shall, by regulation, 

require that a permit be obtained under this chapter..." 

1. No dredging related to the TCLC would be expected for the next ten years. If dredging 

should become necessary, a consistency determination would be prepared and submitted in 

accordance with the Federal Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972, as amended. In addition, 

a permit would be obtained from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for transport of the 

dredged material to an appropriate site. 
,A 

N R 0 APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 

5.0 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 

ACHP Advisory Council on Historic Preservation 

AFS Air Force Station 

A1203 Aluminum Oxide 

APCD Air Pollution Control District 

AQIA Air Quality Impact Analysis 

ATC Authority to Construct 

CARB California Air Resources Board 

CNEL Community Noise Equivalent Levels 

CFR Code of Federal Regulations 

CO Carbon Monoxide 

dBA Average Weighted Decibels 

DOD Department of Defense 

EIAP Environmental Impact Analysis Process 

EIS Environmental Impact Statement 

EPA Environmental Protection Agency 

GO2 Gaseous Oxygen 

H2 Hydrogen 

HC Hydrocarbons 

HCl Hydrogen Chloride 

IS S Ice Suppression System 

JP-4 Jet Fuel 

LCC Launch Control Center 

ID Launch Duct 

LH2 Liquid Hydrogen 

LM Launch Mount 

LO2 Liquid Oxygen 

MMPA Marine Mammal Protection Act 

MST Mobile Service Tower 

MOL Manned Orbital Laboratory 

N2O4 Nitrogen Tetroxide 

NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards 

NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service 

NOx Nitrogen Oxides 

NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 
Nc7' APPROVED FOR RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 

NS R 

NUS 

OSB 

PCR 

POV 

PPR 

PTO 

SBCAPCD 

SAB 

SE 

SHPO 

SIP 

SLC 

SO2 

SRB 

SRMU 

STS 

TCLC 

USAF 

USFWS 

VAFB 

New Source Review 

No Upper Stage 

Operations Support Building 

Payload Changeout Room 

Personally Owned Vehicle 

Payload Processing Room 

Permit to Operate 

Santa Barbara County Air Pollution Control District 

Shuttle Assembly Building 

Support Equipment 

State Historic Preservation Officer 

State Implementation Plan 

Space Launch Complex 

Sulfur Dioxide 

Solid Rocket Booster 

Solid Rocket Motor Upgrade 

Space Transportation System 

Titan IV/Centaur Launch Complex 

United States Air Force 

United States Fish and Wildlife Service 

Vandenberg Air Force Base 
4 AM€) APPROVED Mk RELEASE 

1 JUNE 2015 6-1 

6.0 REFERENCES 

California Coastal Commission. 1988. California Coastal Act of 1976, as amended January 

1988. January. 

California Coastal Commission. n.d. Federal Consistency in a Nutshell: A Guide Concerning the 

Operation of the Federal Consistency Provisions of the Coastal Zone Management Act of 

1972, as Amended. 

Columbe and Cooper. 1976. Ecological Assessment for Vandenberg Air Force Base. Center for 

Regional Environmental Studies, San Diego State University. 

Engineering Science and Sea World Research Institute (ES/SWRI). 1988. Biological Assessment 

for the Titan II and Titan IV Space Launch Vehicle Modifications and Launch Operations 

Programs, Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. Technical Report Prepared for U.S. Air 

Force, Headquarters, Space Division, Los Angeles, California. PS019.03. 

Environmental Solutions, Inc. 1990. Biological Assessment, Titan IV/Centaur Launch Complex, 

Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. March. 

Page, G. W. and L. E. Stenzel. 1981. The breeding status of the Snowy Plover in California. 

Western Birds 12:1-40. 

United States Air Force (USAF). 1982. Coastal Consistency Determination, Space Shuttle 

Program, Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. Submitted by U.S. Air Force, 

Headquarters, Space Division, Los Angeles, California. September. 

United States Air Force (USAF). 1987. Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the Mineral 

Resource Management Plan, Potential Exploration, Development, and Production of Oil and 

Gas Resources, Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. June. 

United States Air Force (USAF). 1988a. Environmental Assessment for the Titan IV Space 

Launch Vehicle Modification and Operations, Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. 

February. 

United States Air Force (USAF). 1988b. Operations Concept, SLC-7 Titan IV/Centaur Launch 

Vehicle. Generated by WSMC/ST. March 24. 

United States Air Force (USAF). 1989a. Draft Environmental Impact Statement, Construction 

and Operation of Space Launch Complex 7, Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. July 20. 

United States Air Force (USAF). 1989b. Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures 

(SPCC)/Oil and Hazardous Substance Contingency Plan (OHSCP) Plan, Vandenberg Air 

Force Base, California. July.