Sincerely yours,

John Kirk

Assistant Director

(Space Technology)

•

OFFICE OP .HE DIRECTOR OF DEFENSE RESEARCH AnJ ENGINEERING

WASHINGTON. D C. 2030

3 June 1968

••-• r, •

Dr. William T. Pecora

Director

U.S. Geological Survey

Washington, D. C. 20242

Dear Dr. Pecora:

Reference is made to Dr. Gruner's letter to you requesting

information on the disposition of Mr. Fred Doyle's paper on

ca rtography.

As you will recall, you forwarded Dr. Gruner's letter to

Dr. Hornig who in turn forwarded it to the Department of

Defense for reply. The DOD reply from Dr. Foster (DDR&E)

is attached.

A copy of the DOD reply has also been sent to Dr. Steininger,

Office of Science and Technology.

Attachment
R OF OEM& aka& AND ENOINEL

VAILSMINGTON. 0. C. Z0301

'.011.0Z.A- 01 •

-wore> - 4

...Ivy

2 5 MAY 1968

fP

Dear Mr. Gruner:

This is in response to your recent letter to Dr. Pecora, in

which you discussed Mr. Fred Doyle's paper. "Mapping from a

Satellite System."

I have looked into the matter and finOtthat we imposed the

constraints to which you refer because of national defense considerations. As an employee of Autometrics working on Department of Defense projects. Mr. Doyle's publications are necessarily reviewed, in order to protect the national interest, as well

as his own.

Our representatives discussed the security analysis in detail

with Mr. Doyle in December and he concurred in their findings.

Recognizing the potential awkwardness of the situation -- very

much as described in your letter -- we worked with Mr. Doyle in

preparing a clearable paper which has been available since February, and which could very well be considered as a candidate

paper for your Distinguished Lecturer series.

1 certainly share your interest in disseminating scientific information to the fullest extent possible within considerations of

national security. I believe our action with Mr. Doyle has been

in consonance with both criteria.

et

John S. Foster, Jr.

Mr. Heinz Gruner, President

American Society of Photogrammetry

105 N. Virginia Avenue

Falls Church, Virginia 22046 • •

•
TOP-SECRET-

-1-91- NATIONAL RECONNAISSANCE OFFICE

WASHINGTON. O.C.

NRO STAPP April 19, 1968

MEMORANDUM FOR DR. FLAX

SUBJECT: Mr. Fred Doyle's Paper: "Mapping from Satellite

Photography"

Problem:

To up-date your information on the current status of Mr. Fred

Doyle's paper, "Mapping from Satellite Photography."

Background: 

On February 20, I prepared a memorandum for you giving the

background on a security review problem resulting from a paper

prepared by Mr. Doyle (see Tab A).

Present Status: 

Several weeks ago. Mr. Heinz Gruner, President of the

American Society of Photogrammetry. sent a letter to Dr. William

Pecora. Director, U.S. Geological Survey, protesting restrictions

placed on Mr. Doyle's paper (see Tab B). Dr. Pecora, unaware of

the background of this matter, sent Gruner's letter to Dr. Don

Hornig, asking for advice in drafting a reply. Dr. Hornig sent the

Gruner letter to you, asking for "wording of a letter that Dr. Pecora

might send as a reply to -Mr. Gruner" (see Tab C).

Since the review of the Doyle case was conducted under the joint

sponsorship of DDR& E and the DIA, John Kirk and I agreed that

(1) the reply should come from DDR&E. (2) the reply should go

directly to Mr. Gruner, and (3) Dr. Foster was the logical person

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to sign the reply. John coordinated this response with Dr. Steininger

on April 18.

Tab D is the proposed reply which John is taking to Dr. Foster.

Recommendation:

None. No action required by you.

PA 1 E. WOR !MAN

Colonel, USAF

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mita ICAN SOCIETY OF FINTOORAMAISTRY IN N. VIRGINIA An. FALLS IINVIION VIRGINIA lNIN, TELEPHONES 134-MU

Dr. William T. Pecora

Director

U.S. Geological Survey

Washington, D. C. 20242 •

Dear Dr. Pecoras

The American Society of Photogrammetry (ASP) is concerned by recent cancellations

of lectures and withdrawals of articles that deal with the use of satellites for

surveying earth's resources.

Your past support, interest in earth resources satellites (as evidencid by the

EROS Program), and your established leadership in earth science, lead me to seek

your help in clarifying the situation.

Mr. Fred Doyle, formerly the Head of the Department of Geodetic Sciences at •

Ohio State University, and now Chief Scientist of the Raytheon Corporation,

Autometrics Operation, was selected as our distinguished lecturer for 1967-68.

Mr. Doyle chose as his topic 'Mapping from satellite photographs'.

The ASP Distinguished Lecture series is jointly sponsored by the National

Science Foundation. Mr. Doyle's lecture was similar, in content, to that he

presented and distributed in reprint fora before the Annual Meeting of the AIAA,

in Dallas, Texas, November 1967. The first of his series of Distinguished

Lectures was presented before the Potomac Region of ASP, November 13, 1967. A

comprehensive summary of the paper was published in the January 1968 issue of

Photogrammetric Engineering.

Mr. Doyle found it necessary to cancel presentation of his paper before the

Annual Meeting of the Canadian Institute of Surveying and Mapping; later he

cancelled his scheduled lecture at the University of Delaware, and finally,

withdrew entirely from our Distinguished Lecture series. Concurrently,

Mr. Doyle's written version of his lecture was also withdrawn; this paper had

been set in type and was scheduled for publication in the March issue of

Photogrammetric Engineering.

SW Cert. Re. —.AIL

MOUSES • 11•114114tIONAL S•CIM OP PNOTOOCAMNE?IY

AeircAskoel"

1 •

It is hard for us to reconcile Mr. Doyle's actions with his long history of

support to our Society and his reputation for scientific excellence. The

scientific facts and extrapolations contained in Mr. Doyle's paper are generally

known among workers in his field but need wider distribution in the form of

.4 publication in journals and texts, and in oral presentation in lecture series.

We feel, therefore, that it is very regrettable that Mr.loyle has found it

necessary tocancel edditiiiirpresentation of his excellent paper.

; .

• •
The aim of our Society is to disseminate scientific information end we

pursue this aim with vigor. Mr. Doyle has assembled information that is

scientifically sound and should be disseminated. I would like guidance from

you and any assistance you can provide in making it possible to make

Mr. Doyle's paper available to the scientific community.

We look forward to hearing from you . ili the near future.

Sincerely,

Welf;31444.14,

Heinz Guinn, President

American Society of Photogrammetry

•

•

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CONTROL Lo. sTLTHE WHITE HOUSE TCS 36,973/68

WASHINGTON

!GIs / Ottft

April 4, 1968

Dear Al:

Here is a letter from Heinz Gruner. President of the American

Society of Phitogrammetry, to Dr. Pecora which expresses concern

over the withdrawal of Mr. Fred Doyle from the ASP-HAS Distinguished Lecture Series and of his paper from publication. Bill

Pecora has asked my advice on how to answer this.

I understand Mr. Doyle took these actions at the direction of DOD

which judged that the public presentation and distribution of Mr.

Doyle's paper would be contrary to national interests in connection with reconnaissance satellites. I confess, frankly, that I

am unclear as to the wisdom of the DOD action.

Mr. Gruner's letter must now be answered, and it seems clear that

if we are to avoid bringing public attention to the relationship

of national security and reconnaissance satellites, the reply and

necessary action by DOD must be carefully planned. In view of this,

I would appreciate your recommendation on the wording of a letter

that Dr. Pecora might send as a reply to Mr. Gruner.

Sincerely,

761.°6•11.r.

Donald F. Hornig

Special Assistant to the President

for Science and Technology

frgi Enclosure - SAT 460-2

Dr. Alexander H. Flax

Assistant Secretary for Research

and Development

Department of the Air Force

Washington. D. C. 20330

5u,re, c3.
DIRECTOR OF DEFENSE RESEARCH AND ENGINLCRING

WASHINGTON. 0. C. 20301

Dear Mr. Gruner:

This is in response to your recent letter to Dr. Pecora, in

which you discussed Mr. Fred Doyle's paper, "Mapping from a

Satellite System."

I have looked into the matter and find that we imposed the

constraints to which you tiller because of national defense considerations. As an employee of Autometrics working on Department of Defense projects, Mr. Doyle's publications are necessarily reviewed, in order to protect the national interest, as well

as his own.

Our representatives discussed the security analysis in detail

with Mr. Doyle in December and he concurred in their findings.

Recognizing the potential awkwardness of the situation -- very

much as described in your letter -- we worked with Mr. Doyle in

preparing a clearable paper which has been available since February, and which could very well be considered as a candidate

paper for your Distinguished Lecturer series.

I certainly share your interest in disseminating scientific information to the fullest extent possible within considerations of

national security. I believe our action with Mr. Doyle has been

in consonance with both criteria.

John S. Foster, Jr.

Mr. Heinz Gruner, President

American Society of Photogrammetry

105 N. Virginia Avenue

Falls Church, Virginia 22046
••••• •

CO•tall•

-TOP-SECRET-

-I-St NATIONAL RECONNAISSANCE OFFICE

WASHINGTON. 0.C.

THE NRO STAFF April 19, 1968

MEMORANDUM FOR

SUBJECT: Mr. Fred Doyle's Paper: "Mapping from Satellite

Photography"

Problem:

To up-date your information on the current status of Mr. Fred

Doyle's paper, "Mapping from Satellite Photography."

Background: 

On February 20, I prepared a memorandum for you giving the

background on a security review problem resulting from a paper

prepared by Mr. Doyle (see Tab A).

Present Status:

Several weeks ago, Mr. Heinz Gruner, President of the

American Society of Photogrammetry, sent a letter to Dr. William

Pecora, Director, U.S. Geological Survey, protesting restrictions

placed on Mr. Doyle's paper (see Tab II). Dr. Pecora, unaware of

the background of this matter, sent Gruner's letter to Dr. Don

Hornig, asking for advice in drafting a reply. Dr. Hornig sent the

Gruner letter to you, asking for "wording of a letter that Dr. Pecora

might send as a reply to Mr. Gruner" (see Tab C).

Since the review of the Doyle case was conducted under the joint

sponsorship of DDR8LE and the DIA, John Kirk and I agreed that

(1) the reply should come from DDR&E, (2) the reply should go

directly to Mr. Gruner, and (3) Dr. Foster was the logical person

,

40P -SECRET1.:.•6I0 ' GOO 4.."00,•••:

3C:: *I • •Il 31C • . IV • •:• ••••n •
--TOPIECREF •

to sign the reply. John coordinated this response with Dr. Steininger

on April 18.

Tab D is the proposed reply which John is taking to Dr. Foster.

Recommendation:

None. No action required by you.

. WO THMAN

Colonel, USAF

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MASKING-ON, O.G.

ThE NRO STAFF February 20, 1968

MEMORAXM*4 FOR DR. FLAX

SUBJECT: Xr. Fred Doyle ,s Paper: "Mapping From Satellite

Photography"

•

PROBLEM:

To acquaint you with the background and current status of Mr.

Fred Doyle la paper, "Mapping From Satellite Photography".

BACKGROUND: 

Last Xovember, Xr. Frederick Z. Doyle, Chief Scientist,

Autontetric Operation, Raytheon Co=pany was invited to present a

paper to the American Society of Photogra=raetry and tae George

Washington University, as part of the latter's Distinguished Lecture

Program. Mr. Doyle selected "Mapping From Satellite Photography"

as his topic, a subject which flows naturally from iris Autoraetric

activity, where he works or. portions of the National Reconnaissance •

Progra= C.115 clearances are S1, TX).

Ei processed:al& paper, at the last minute, fnrough ro:A and the

XR0 Staff. D1AMC (mapping and chat-dreg) believed that, with a few.

changes, ;he piper was presentable. he \MO Security office concurred.

During missions on this suhlect, Mr. Doyle appeared quite

hostile to aecurity review (or control). 1: was as a resu:: of this

experience, as well as experiences with certain ACC mappers and

charters. t:-.at Mr. Xthaza and Commander Miles, DIA, instituted a

procedure calling for al: cleared :ft.= persons to send any papers

they prepared on earth-sensing to MANIC, prior to presentation,

publication, or regular (white) submission to ASD/PJ (see Tab A).

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. While I did not see the paper Mr. Doyle passed to us in Novetr.ber

(nor did any SACC member), I had felt serious concern in September

1&G7 over a draft report, "Panel C - Geodesy/Cartography, " which •

emerged from XASA's Woods Hole Summer Study. Mr. Doyle was

the chairman of Panel C and I learned that certain offensive statements

in this report originated with him (see Tab B for :hese statements).

11:r. Mazza asked the DIA to remind Mr. Doyle of his "eoligations to

the Z. S. Government under the provisions of TIALENT/:C•SYEGLE. • • "

(see Tab C)

On January 24; 368, the aaytheor. Company sent a paper, " Map-- •

ping From Satellite Photography." to ASD/PA, requesting clearance

'for prescntatior. at the Canadian Insziruze of Surveying a: Edmonton,

Canada on January 31. ASD/PA, through an error which it later

recognized, did not seat this paper to us for review. On January 26,

:oh:. gave the paper to me with t'.74/3 note: "I object. Amend.-rents

are impossib:e. so reason I want to write Gown. I ant tempted to

CYY 'Earry Evans ar.d tell Ilia to turn this guy o...

Reviewing john :erws copy of the paper, I was struck with the

may security problems it raised (see Tab D). Mr. Doyle had employed

a very positive tone throughout; his references to resonant altitudes,

E0 a. at. as a practical perigee. the feasibility of stellar photography,

Marc 3 recovery vehicles, the deboosting procedure, and the use of thin

base film could only have come from someone thoroughly acquainted with

the P.

This .7anuary version of Mr. Doyle's paper was very similar to the

-November version, • but ad extend a little farther •into forbidder. areas.

•• advised :oh:. Kirk (and Mr. 1:azza) that I agreed absolutely that this

"„xv.:er could no: be given. Xirk asked it the NRO Staff would be

embarrassec: over denying clearance in .7anuary to a paper it had cleared

in 'November. I replied that the XRO S.W.f would perfer being 50% right

to 13G% wrong; that the November decision was a judgment error which

should be corrected openly and frankly.

Ga January 30, : received a call from the local Autometrics office

and was advised by Mr. Scesnes. a security ad:minis:rater, that

Raytheon :.ac ir.structed Mr. Doyle to become ill and return home from

Canada. ::r. Scesnes also informed me that Iln the National Academy

of Sciences has: the ofiending speech in galleys for inclusion in aforthcoming mar.ual of inc American. Society of Photogra.m.-netry but fr.at

Autometrics was wit:-.drawing it promptly from publication, and (2) the

Natior.a: Academy of Sciences had booked Mr. Doyle for a series of

speaking er.gagements as a Visiting Lecturer on this same subject.

Could Autometrics representatives meet with someone to discuss this

:.roblem? 2 ••••••.

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Da Tabruary 13, DIA sponsored a meeting to examine the extent •

of Mr. Doyle's problem. Mr. Kirk and I joined this meeting and • .

explained, in detail. the national policy background for the security

actions we had taken. We analyzed Mr. Doyle's paper, pointing out

to him that it is virtua!ay impossible for a cleared person to write on •

site:lite reconnaissance without giving something away. 'Ea, and •••

persons li".to him. were very close to a situation where one can be a : •

=ezal)cr of the le= and :coop silent or not make the team and be vocal.

. .• .

).:r. Doyle and the Autometries representatives who accompanied •

hint were respect and cooperative. Mr. Doyle raised two follow-on

problems: •

Ar. Ante ricaz Society of Photogrammetry request that he

present a paper on lunar mapping during its March convention.

An aterr.ational Society of Photogrammetry request that

•he. or a presentation on NASA Photograrametric Spahe Program

to be giver. at Lucerne, Switzerland next summer.

• promised Mr. Doyle that we would give him prompt re lies on

both questions. I also told him that I would ask our Major oi

to meet with hi= to search for a good technical area in which Mr. Doyle

col prepare speeches and papers in the future. It seemed important

to ;oh:. Xirk and me to give Mr. Doyle a safety valve a some ;dad so

:hat he could continue to be active in journals and symposia. •

•••

Sirs TI7S:

Toe answer to a safety valve for Mr. Do • — be in the

phtogrammetric geodesy of the moon. Majoa has worked •

out terms of reference in tills regard: . • .- •

:. Size and density of control nets to be based explicit' on

lunar require=ents.

Cameras for lunar mapping to be frame cameras of 6-, •

:2-, ar.c 24-inch focal lengzhs. There will be no mention of panoramic

or strip cameras.

•

References to orlenta.tion of terrain cameras and/or the

vehicle Iv the use of stellar cameras will be based on data collected.:

fro= `SSA 3C-4 cameras.

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4. Discussions of moon-mapping at scales such as 1 to

50, 000 or better will reference aircraft program capabilities al-

.

ready known to the scientific public.

Based on these guidelines, Mr. Doyle agrees that he can prepare a paper for the March meeting of the American Society of

Photogrammetry. We have already reviewed a draft with him.

Regarding his Lucerne meeting. Mr. Doyle $41 Arrant:de tot

such a presentation, rather than giving it himself. Es plans to have

Dr: Loman or Dr. McNair (both unwitting) prepare a paper on the

user of GEN=C1 photography, emphasizing geology and map revision.

.14I-ature possible NASA programs wilt no: be discussed by this group.

We will see the paper in draft and final form.

Oar arrange=ents, then,. are such that AC:. Doyle will no longe r . war.c fr.,e ..order in of N-RP disclosure. r.ie will, however, be able

to give excellent papers in his field of interest, following our guide- .

DIAN= (security), DIAMC (mappers and charters), and • DDRia. iii oh Kirk) have concurred in this solution to the problem.

RECOMMENDAT:ON 

Whi:e thia memorandum is for information only, it could be useful

in answering any cueries which =teat come to you from National

Academy. of. Science representatives. •

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ASIERICAN SOCIETY OF PHOTOGRAMANTRY IN N. VIRGINIA AVE, FALLS CHURCH, VIRGINIA NON, TELEPHONE: 521.1517

Dr. William T. Pecora

Director

U.S. Geological Survey

Washington, D. C. 20242 •

Dear Dr. Pecoras

•

The American Society of Photogrammetry (ASP) is concerned by recent cancellations

of lectures and withdrawals of articles that deal with the use of satellites for

surveying earth's resources.

Your past support, interest in earth resources satellites (as evidenced by the

EROS Program), and your established leadership in earth science, lead me to seek

your help in clarifying the situation.

Mr. Fred Doyle, formerly the Head of the Department of Geodetic Sciences at •

Ohio State University, and now Chief Scientist of the Raytheon Corporation,

Autometrics Operation, was selected as our distinguished lecturer for 1967-68.

Mr. Doyle chose as his topic 'Mapping from satellite photographs'.

The ASP Distinguished Lecture series is jointly sponsored by the National

•

Science Foundation. Mr. Doyle's lecture was similar, in content, to that he

presented and distributed in reprint form before the Annual Meeting of the AIAA,

in Dallas, Texas, November 1967.. The first of his series of Distinguished

Lectures was presented before the Potomac Region of ASP, November 13, 1967. A

comprehensive summery of the paper was published in the January 1968 issue of

Photogrammetric Engineering.

Mr. Doyle found it necessary to cancel presentation of his paper before the

Annual Meeting of the Canadian Institute of Surveying and Mapping; later he

his scheduled lecture at the University of Delaware, and finally, •

withdrew entirely from our Distinguished Lecture series. Concurrently, -: '.1.

Mr • Doyle's written version of his lecture was also withdrawn; this paper had .:::

been set in type and was scheduled for publication in the March issue of

Photogrammetric Engineering. ....,..:.

It is hard for us to reconcile Mr. Doyle's actions with his long history of ..!-p

• !. support to our Society and his reputation for scientific excellence. The •:•.

scientific facts and extrapolations contained in Mr. Doyle's paper are generally

known among workers in his field but need wider distribution in the form of . ' •. l

r..

publication in journals and texts, and in oral presentation in lecture series.

.1. We feel, therefore, that it is very regrettable that Mr.'Doyle has found it . •• ..'

necessary to .cancel edditlair presentation of his excellent paper. .:

--------- .:!.

,, cancelled

•

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The aim of our Society is to disseminate scientific information and we

pursue this aim with vigor. Mr. Doyle has assembled information that is

scientifically sound and should be disseminated. I would like guidance from

you and any assistance you can provide in making it possible to make

Mr. Doyle's paper available to the scientific community.

We look forward to hearing from you in the near future.

Sincerely,

lner

Heinz Gruner, President

American Society of Photogrammetry
•

DIRECTOR OF DEFENSE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING

WASHINGTON. O. C. 10301

Dear Mr. Gruner:

This is in response to your recent letter to Dr. Pecora, in

which you discussed Mr. Fred Doyle's paper, "Mapping from a

Satellite System."

I have looked into the matter and find that we imposed the

constraints to which you refer because of national defense considerations. As an employee of Autometrics working on Department of Defense projects, Mr. Doyle's publications are necessarily reviewed, in order to protect the national interest, as well

as his own. Through error on the part of a reviewer, an earlier

version of Mr. Doyle's paper had been approved for presentation

and publication. As soon as the error was noted, corrective action

was taken.

Our representatives discussed the security analysis in detail

with Mr. Doyle in December and he concurred in their findings.

Recognizing the potential awkwardness of the situation -- very much

as described in your letter -- we worked with Mr. Doyle in preparing a clearable paper which has been available since February,

and which could very well be considered as a candidate paper for

your Distinguished Lecturer series.

I certainly share your interest in disseminating scientific information to the fullest extent possible within considerations of

national security. I believe our action with Mr. Doyle has been in

consonance with both criteria.

John S. Foster, Jr.

Mr. Heinz Gruner, President

American Society of Photogrammetry

105 N. Virginia Avenue

Falls Church, Virginia 22046

!P". ":••