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?' NATIONAL RECONNAISSANCE OFFICE 

WASHINGTON, D.C. 

THE NRO STAFF 

July 1, 1969 

MEMORANDUM FOR COLONEL ALLEN 

SUBJECT: NRO Responsibilities for NRP Air Vehicle Reconnaissance 

Projects 

PROBLEM: 

This memorandum addresses two matters: 

a. The de facto take-over by the Joint Reconnaissance Center 

of the NRO' s responsibility for management and operational control of 

air vehicle overflight reconnaissance activities. 

b. The quest ion of how the DNRO should handle overall 

supervisory responsibility for these activities. 

BACKGROUND: 

The DNROr s basic authority and responsibility for management 

and control of all overflight activities are stated clearly in DOD 

Directive 5105. 23, March 1964, and in the DOD/CIA Agreement of 

August 1965. DOD Directive 5105. 23 (Tab A) assigns to the DNRO 

responsibility for "consolidation of all DOD satellite and air vehicle 

overflight projects for intelligence, geodesy and mapping photography 

and electronic signal collection into a single program, defined as the 

National Reconnaissance Program, and for the complete management 

and conduct of this Program in accordance with policy guidance and 

decisions of the Secretary of Defense 11 (italics added). He is further 

told to "establish appropriate interfaces between the National Reconnaissance Office and the USIB, the JCS, the DIA, and the NSA. 11 He 

is specifically delegated au'.:r10rity to assist the Secretary of Defense 

in the supervision of aircraft, drone and satellite reconnaissance, 

mapping and geodetic matters, including both phowgraphic and electronic signal projects, and be his direct representative on those 

matters both within and outside the Department of Defense 11 (italics 

added). 

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The DOD/ CIA Agreement (Tab B) reenforces the DNRO' s 

charter, making him responsible ''for the development, management, 

control and operation of all projects, both current and long range, for 

the collection of intelligence and of mapping and geodetic information 

obtained through overflights (excluding peripheral reconnaissance 

operations). 11 ExCom is told to "assign operational responsibility for 

various types of manned overflight missions to CIA or DOD subject to 

the concurrence of the 303 Committee. 11 

While the DNRO' s responsibilities are unequivocal--responsibility 

for all overflights, including air vehicles--his actual control over air 

vehicle overflights has become ambiguous, having been eroded steadily 

over the past six years, particularly in periods of international crisis. 

The U-2 and low-level Cuban overflights and ~----------~ 

~---~ 

were the first examples of "delegation" of DNRO authority to 

the JRC. These "transfers, 11 like those to follow, were always tacit 

and informal. 

There was one major effort to clarify the situation. In 1963, the 

DNRO proposed that the Director, JRC, serve a dual function, supervising NRO aircraft and satellite operations, as well as JRC peripheral 

activities. This proposal was well received by the JCS and OSD, but 

was opposed by the CIA and eventually abandoned. 

The JRC Director Is responsibilities for military aerial re connaissance were discussed in February and March 1968 in two memoranda 

signed by Mr. Nitze and addressed to the Chairman, JCS; Director, 

NRO; Director, DIA; and Director, NSA. The key provisions of these 

memoranda (Tabs C and D) were as follows: 

a. The JCS should maintain cognizance and control over all military aerial, surface (land and sea), and submarine reconnaissance 

operatio;1.s. 

b. The forecast of reconnaissance operations conducted under 

the overall direction of the DNRO should be transmitted to the 303 Committee in the JCS forecast binder. (It was made clear by the Deputy 

Secretary of Defense's Office that this was intended as a convenience 

and was not intended to alter the DNRO' s authority. ) 

c. The JCS should prepare appropriate management directives 

to govern the conduct of all military aerial, surface, and submarine 

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reconnaissance operations, including JCS responsibilities for advising 

and seeking the approval of higher authority in all military 

reconnaissance operations of a sensitive or potentially sensitive nature. 

These memoranda were intended to strengthen JCS control over 

military reconnaissance operations of all types. It is probably no 

coincidence that they followed closely on the seizing of the "Pueblo. 11 

A very recent example of the blurring of JCS-NRO responsibilities occurs in General Steakley's memorandum (see Tab E) in which he 

stands down the NRO' s GLASS LAMP missions over Cuba. 

DISCUSSION: 

NRO and the JRC. By tacitly accepting increased control by the 

JCS/ JRC of SAC U-2, SR-71, and USAF drone operations, the DNRO 

has been moved into a disadvantageous position. While the DNRO is 

still responsible for all overflight programs, he has lost a very significant amount of control over the conduct of these programs. One 

remaining control element is the fact that the Director, JRC submits to 

the DNRO his monthly forecast of military aircraft and drone operations 

which require approval of the 303 Committee. The DNRO has the 

authority to change these forecasts before submitting them to the 303 

Committee, but, in fact, has never done so. On at least one occasion, 

the Director, JRC has challenged the requirement that he submit his 

overflight forecasts to the DNRO. Since he receives 303 Committee 

approval directly (and not through the DNRO), he now regards the NRO 

Monthly Forecast mechanism as redundant and harmless. 

Another NRO-JRC problem, probably of more importance than 

forecast channels, lies in the fact that the NRO has no dependable 

mechanism for obtaining information on JRC-controlled flights (planned, 

underway, or completed). Some data are obtained by strenuous personal negotiation between members of the NRO Staff and JRC, usually 

after the fact. Likewise, information on the extent to which JRC overflights have satisfied USIB / COMIREX requirements and the interface 

with COMIREX on feedback and reporting is handled by the DIA member 

of COMIREX, rather than the NRO COMIREX consultant. 

NRO and OSA. The NRO position with regard to OSA-conducted 

overflights is somewhat better. OSA, as an operating arm of the DNRO 

(through the Director, CIA Reconnaissance Programs), is responsive 

to DNRO direction with regard to overflights. A monthly forecast of 

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such overflights is submitted for DNRO and 303 Committee approval, 

and 303 Committee approval is, in turn, provided to the DNRO. Before 

overflights having monthly blanket authority are actually conducted, OSA 

submits to the DNRO a formal "black book" proposal which lays out the 

proposed flight routes, the targets to be covered, and other data. Here, 

again, DNRO interest is cursory; rarely, if ever, is the OSA proposal 

challenged, evaluated, or replaced by a superior alternative. 

The CIA member of COMIREX, not the NRO COMIREX consultant, 

reports on OSA flight results. Thus, the NRO position with respect to 

COMIREX is the same for OSA operations as it is for JRC operations. 

Upon occasion, the DCI will request the 303 Committee to 

approve a U-2 peripheral flight. The DNRO has taken the view, and it 

seems quite properly, that such flights are outside his charter and 

interest; however, the fact remains that the CIA is using an NRO asset 

to conduct peripheral reconnaissance. The question that immediately 

presents itself is "Why? 11 Should the CIA engage in peripheral reconnaissance? Or should the JCS handle all such flights, avoiding the usual 

heady conflict with theatre commanders? No one is addressing this 

issue, which will certainly take on Pueblo/EC-121 overtones in case of 

an untoward incident. 

NRO and COMIREX. While the NRO consultant to COMIREX is 

heard as the authoritative voice in satellite operational matters, he is 

not regarded similarly for NRP aircraft and drone operations. These 

topics are reported, in the case of JRC-controlled overflights, by the 

DIA member and, in the case of OSA missions, by the CIA member. 

This arrangement conflicts with the authorities vested in the DNRO by 

both DOD Directive 5105. 23 of March 1964 and the DOD/ CIA Agreement 

of August 1965, which make the DNRO responsible for conducting the 

interfaces with USIB in NRP matters and, further, specifically give 

him "authority to require that he be fully and completely informed by 

all Agencies and Departments of the Government of all programs and 

activities undertaken as part of the NRP" (italics added). 

As the interface with OSA is reasonably good in operational 

matters, it should be relatively easy for the NRO representatives to 

COMIREX and SORS to take over the spokesman function on OSA operational matters, assisted perhaps by OSA personnel. This change would. 

be worked out with the Chairmen of COMIREX and SORS and the CIA·. 

members of these Committees. The same arrangement should be made 

with the JRC for any overflight air vehicle operations. 

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As an illustration of the disparity between the NRO relationship 

with COMIREX on air vehicles, as opposed to satellites, it is standard 

practice for COMIREX to provide requirements lists to JRC and OSA for 

their mission planning, independently of any NRO involvement or awareness of the action. The NRO thus is out of the tasking loop for NRP air 

vehicle operations, except for the OSA 'black book" proposals submitted 

to DNRO via the NRO Staff. Results of missions flown against COMIREX 

targets are fed back to COMIREX from the film processing centers, 

and the NRO Staff learns of mission accomplishments only through 

COMIREX documents. 

POSSIBLE COURSES OF ACTION: 

a. Establish an NRO Aircraft and Drone Operational Center. 

This would provide a focal point for NRO aircraft and drone 

operations similar to that now existing for satellite operations. It 

would allow the NRO to fulfill its responsibilities as the agent for all 

NRP aircraft and drone operations. It would insert the NRO into 

community tasking and control of actual overflight operations, provide 

the means to establish a data bank of coverage results, and, of great 

importance, enhance correlation of satellite and air vehicle operation. 

While this is a very attractive solution, it may not be practical 

politically. JRC and OSA already provide this type of facility for their 

operations, and an attempt to establish an NRO center would be attacked 

strongly by the JRC and probably by the CIA. Further, with the gradual 

reduction in the importance of aircraft and drone operations to satisfy 

USIB reconnaissance requirements, it may be imprudent to attempt 

such an ambitious undertaking, particularly in view of the working space, 

personnel staffing, and budgetary requirements, pa:r..ticu:lar-l:y for an 

around-the-clock operation. 

b. Use the JRC Operations Center as a Joint JRC/NRO Center. 

This solution, which was proposed in 1963 and opposed by CIA 

at that time, seems a reasonable way to solve the problem, particularly 

as most of the NRP aircraft and drone assets are now operated by the 

Joint Reconnaissance Center. 

On the debit side, this arrangement might complete the 

erosion of DNRO control over NRP aircraft and drone activities that is 

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already under way. It would probably drive the center of gravity of 

these activities to the JCS; whatever name is given to the center. 

Furthermore, His doubtful that CIA would receive such a proposal with 

any more equanimity now than in 1963. In addition, it would introduce 

new security problems by mixing CIA BYEMAN-controlled operations 

with JCS non-BYEMAN operations. Finally, it is not at all clear that 

our satellite activities would be improved or flourish in a JCS aircraftoriented environment. 

c. Improve the NRO Capability to Staff Aircraft and Drone 

Operations. 

This solution would have limited objectives designed to: 

(1) Gradually reassert basic DNRO management authority in 

all NRP aircraft and drone operational matters. 

(2) Make the NRO Staff a focal point for information on NRP 

air vehicle capabilities and operations, (a) keeping the Director, NRO 

Staff and DNRO informed and (b) building a requirements and coverage 

data base to facilitate comparison and correlation with satellite requirements and operations. Most importantly, such an information data base 

would permit and encourage the NRO Staff to study alternative approaches 

to all collection requirements of COMiREX and SORS. 

(3) Make the NRO Staff representative the official spokesman 

for NRP air vehicle matters in COMIREX and SORS. 

RECOMMENDED SOLUTION: 

Alternative (3) would place the NRO Staff in a position to carry 

on the DNRO's responsibilities for air vehicle overflight (Tab F). 

FOLLOW-ON ACTIONS: 

After approval of Alternative (3) as a best course of action, the 

NRO Staff would negotiate the following elements of the alternative: 

a. Official Confirmation of NRO/ JRC Relationships. 

The Staff will negotiate a memorandum of understanding with 

the JRC, setting forth the responsibilities of the organizations. The 

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DNRO will be cited as having total management responsibility for air 

vehicle overflight of denied areas. For example, he will be responsible 

for ensuring that the military departments program for sufficient 

reconnaissance assets to accommodate national tasking. He will provide 

yearly guidance to the JCS, forecasting the number of missions anticipated to be flown in support of the NRP. He will review and approve the 

yearly programs for the 147 and 154 drones, SR-71 and military U-2 

aircraft (these assets will be funded by the military department). 

Modifications, procurement actions, and deployments involving these 

assets will be approved by the DNRO. He will also be responsible for 

adjudicating conflicts where assets are required for both military 

theater operations and national missions. 

The JCS will have total operational responsibility for those 

overflights designated by the DNRO. The JCS will operate the collection vehicles, ensure necessary support for the operation, and deliver 

the product to the appropriate national center for exploitation. 

b. Relationships with the 303 Committee: The Staff will 

negotiate with the 303 Committee Secretariat along the following lines: 

( 1) The NRO Staff will prepare a monthly forecast of NRO reconnaissance 

activities requiring 30 3 Committee approval, (2) this forecast will be 

forwarded directly to the 303 Committee by the Staff, and (3) the 303 

Committee's response will be transmitted directly to the NRO. 

c. Requirements. The Staff will negotiate with the USIE 

Secretariat to ensure that all USIE requirements calling for overflight 

reconnaissance (satellite and/ or air vehicle) are sent directly to the 

DNRO. 

d. Tasking. The DNRO will task JRC and OSA assets in 

response to stated USIE requirements. The NRO Staff will evaluate 

the USIE requirements for overhead reconnaissance and assign OSA or 

JRC assets to satisfy specific requirements. The NRO Staff will task 

the JRC and OSA monthly for the satisfaction of USIB requirements by 

airborne vehicles. In response to tasking, the JRC and OSA will submit 

the proposed number of missions and flight plans to the NRO Staff for 

approval and 303 Committee action. 

e. Evaluation. The JRC and OSA will report to the NRO Staff on 

the conduct of each mission. The NRO Staff will be responsible for 

evaluating the degree to which USIE requirements have been satisfied 

by OSA and JRC missions. 

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f. Reporting. The NRO Staff will report to the DNRO and to the 

USIB, as required, on the status of requirements satisfaction. 

g. Exploitation. The product of all missions flown in response 

to NRO tasking will be nationally exploited. 

6 Attachments 

1. DOD Dir 5105. 23 

2. DOD/CIA Agreement, 11 Aug 65 

3. Memo fr Mr. Nitze, 3 Feb 68 

4. Memo fr Mr. Nitze, 21 Mar 68 

5. Memo fr Gen Steakley, 1:3 ::!?11ls~ "'2... G:, ~~<:..<,. 

6. Chart re ~ DNRO Responsibilities 

H,4,NDI f. Vi A 

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., . . ,. 

..: .. ;~·;~' ·'::·.:,:-:· · · :\/\i/, Oiiice \vill be give;:-,, o·..1:);::,0::-t as :..·equi:::cd fron.1. no::rr..2,.l 

;_ ,;'.· ; .>:-/?'- staff clements oi tho military departments and agcncioc. •.: · 

·..1>/,:, i·,;;. ·· \\)?·'· concerned, although these staii ,olemcuta will no·; _,\~ .:. I' p' ~• '• ..,·';• 

~ :: ·.-:~~:, :~.~·.;\.·. ;· participate in th.ese project rnatterB except as r,l.c • ._ "I• • •: , , ; •. ! • ~~•~•JI 

•,.:· '·..::·'~:>, ·· ,., ,. . spcciiica.lly :i:cquects, a.:i.d those projects will no:; ·00 

??,;_:.'.(\;_;,· ... · :'}/ subject to normal:'Dcpartmcnt 0£ Doicnao 'ata.u ::oviow. 

~ : "fv)}: 'u~yv,..-... .. '"'l .... ,..,.., ........... s .·i, 

. ..:., . e• ... ~ .t-",.. .J..l:"'.1.Ul"\,..;,.ll~ 

·· .. •."(' 

.· }'.~(:·Tno r~ D::.:::ector, N<i.tional Reco.:i.nz.iscanco Oiiico, in' ·· · \t'I•. J'" /I · ' 

.'•.::,::;;:·,:: .. ::,.,,,: ,; ·co~ectio:r:. with r.is asni·.·1 ncd. :.:cnponaibilitios io-.: t:::i.c 

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. TS 5105."23 :< .:·:· · '.'; :··,'. : •.' ./:"'; I I 

' '' ','''/,':' 

,·, 1' 

·.:.'.,,· '·.·. ',j,,t /';/:• .. '' 

...... · ·· Jf,11 Nation:al Rccoanaiscanco 0£.iico· and tho yBf . ·.:::;:. · ·_.>;: •.< :; .: · ,: '.-', National Rocon..."'lo.is :;;n.ncv P:::01:;r.:i.m, io horoby Dpocuic ~ ·:·.' :·:: .,. '•, '',._. 1 

· · · ._ .. _,.'_:_.' .. ...... -. ., : •.·~,.ally· dole.gate cl ~ut.h.O:>-."it:y to; <','i ·.' ·

1 i·, 1 

,.... <:(i('' 

~- f : .. \: :\;\!lt]\ lt:~::::::: ,:~~:• ;;tc:~pcrvi, o ~o jS{National ·· :. ' · 

, J · • .. .- . ··:;·;"·:,;--, \\ ;1/:,.,2.. ~.:._;.:..o_ta_bl_1G_n~. ~~_ag-o_;:.ncl co~a.uc_t __ ;h.,,_~ __ :l;i'.":tional · · ·0:-,'···· 1 .~ ' •• -.:. ,_ •. ' •. (•,;•.;..;;;:,<•1•i .< RecoI.1I1aissance Program.. · 

. ; .. //,>{ ::./:.\:·•,;:_ ·.· ·- . . . .. .. . . . . . . .. ··.';·~-:·.}.~:,:~•::-.. !'·.!>S_lD_t ~he Sc_crct_;:,.~-y_ogJJcienso in tho Dup~y-

•. ,:-:· ::: ;:·· ~ ... :.,;: 1 ':;.::· . .';': .:: . ·., .· •. _:: vision of ai rc:::ait, di-one and satellite rcco;;:i.- . • • .' '·,, :~i• ; . ;:; • • ', • i'• '. ' • . ,:· • , •. I. I '. • . • . , ' • ,, 

. . ,. 

·•· ·· ,c,_ ,·:·•· ·; .. '.;. / na.1ssancc, rr.a'j?ping and. reodesy raatters, includino': ,::,••:,,,, ~.',I;:''';"•., .. • • ' 11 0 . • 0 "•~' 

,,:•,~·',:'.::.·: ·: .. :,,· .. :: .Dotn photog:::a;_:,luc <i-."1.d olcct:;,·omc 1.agnal proJccto,. ·.::,, 

:: .>:.::;: _.' ': ::._: _':.'.:: ., '.·•and be n1s direct re';)r.cs cntativo on these rnattcra '):' 

):·\·. tj:)otr. within aZ::ci outside the Department of. Deicnoc./\ 

, · '.·:4;·.· Review all Department oi Dciense budget roqucsto• 

".:· '. ::,' '.::.:,,.: and expe::.1diturcs :fo1· any items falling within tho 

· · '/: :. :_'.' .. ,: definition of tho ~atior,.al Rcconnaiasa.nco . . . . 

/· '.·. \ . '···Program, includin~ ctuc:.ica and pi·olim..inary ,:cl.loa.{·ch :.<< · ::- · ··, and development of compo •• c~to and tochniquoa to .. · ·· 

support such cx .. i::.ting or iu:..-u.::o projects, 

B. Other authorities specifically delegated to the J,9r ~. : . ... 

,- ~·. Director, Natio;;ial Reconnaissance Office by the Soci·o- . -: .... 

tary 0£ I:cicn:se will be re.forcncod in numbe:red enclosur.:Js,::.;.•.·:· .. ~.·.·.•.: .. :,), 

to this di,:ective. 

?ROJECT ASSIGNMENTS. 

All projects failing vr..~mn t:io de:finition oi the~ . . . 

Nitionai R~c◊-ri?,c1is_s_2:-ri.~~--?:..·og~:a.~.a:._:0_~s,5jg.:i.9..d to foat p:cog:::z.r;-i, .· 

and will b~ ~."lZi.:::.Z.Jed as o~::l:..-c:d. hc:.:.:in t:.:.:J.cso specific_ . . ··., 

exccp;ion--iji_~c.ac._<?-=_b£thoj(✓ pi.~cctor, National Reco::u:.ais1,.1.nc0. :>.: 

Office •. A:.n.o\:.,."1.cernc::.".:,:; ·0£ z.;ny suc:1 exccptiona will bo xnad.:; by . '-:' · 

. :: nur.c-.. be:tcd cndo.;;uro'i:. to ;;.."-u;:; ciiroctivc • . ':i,:-_;;.. . . •' 

•' . 

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VI. SECURITY ;,!·>:), 

... , ' . ,',!, 

','l'.i ·:1,,·,-,::·;;.t-. ' :··.•, ·:.,, \'. 

'/:,··.·. 

The (:1).- f:ihcctoi·, National Reconn,daoa..7.co Oiiico will tii.,). ;,,;l:. ., .. . . \ :,_·. _( .• .. 

:·' ... : .'_ .. ·. -~ ' ; ' .. ,. ; ... 

==~ :?::_~)~.{~/:: •:·,· .. 

,• 

.es tao rnh the nocurity nroccduroo to bo iollowccl io;;: ill•' r~ .. .. , 

matters oi foe (~ National Rcconnaiaoanco Progi·arn., ·;y.'(.i_:) ' 

including auitablo u.nclassiiic~arti.oa and £unctiono to · 

protect all olomcrlto of. thc)Z; Nation.:i.l Roco.qn.i.ioo.:i.nco 

O.££ico. 

:, . ~, ' 

·:~/ :S ..... All conununicatio::i.s pert;:,.ir;.i..,7.g to ma.tte;,•a under tho 

•,::::: · ~ I'jatio:n.al Rocon..."'J.aioaauec P:i:ogram will bo oubject to 

}/ opcciil oystcmo 0£ nocurity cont.:1:ol under tn}) cogniz.:u:..cc ./{);r··. :..-.•. of th~ Dircctoi·, Defonae Inteliigencc Agency; except in 

';,•. 

···/: •• r_ 

. . , .. · those inDtJ.nccn opcc:iiically exempted by oithor y'l Di:rccto:i:, 

·' \:'):, . :Natio~al Reco::lnaissancc O.ificc or ::ho Sccrc:ary of. Dcio.::.Gu, : . ·~• • l • t' ' • ;, , 

. •'' .. ;/::' ... . '::·:··.' ... • 

C •. With tho oir.gle exception oi. thia directive, no mcntio:1 

.will be rr...aclc oi the foEowi:::.g '.:itlcs or their abb:reviations 

-: ,·,'•,··,, 

-.:• 

' in any document which is not controlled under the special 

. · .. ,.,: ... •; · oeci.;.1·ity control oyctcm(a) :::cforred to fan. above: 9'1' · · · · . . '.'.i;,:; > :·.:National Rcconn::..ici;;::i.nco ?rog:.:am; ~Natio:;ial Rcconna.iusz.,;:i.c0 

·. ··. •.:\?(· .. ·Office. "\'fhc:ro :-..bsolutcly r.ccosi:;ary to re.fer to tli.o J,?8'f' 

··: ·<,},/-;•.;· ... · ........ ; ~~utionn.l Rcconn2..iDDu..aco J)ror1j.,"'J.r..:.'1 iu co1~.n.1Y1lli1.icn.tio:10 not 1 '1.~· 1'!, ' O \ 

· .. •,'.;': trolled under.tho prcac1·ibcd i:;pccia.l aocu:rity. oy.Jto:;;;:-.s, i:n:c: •. 

·):. re.forenco will bo maclo "!:)y ·uso oi tho terminology: 11')1.a;; 

.• under t..'lo purview oi DoD TS-5105. · · 

,·: :1,:: \:. ' ' .. ' · EFFECTIVE D,ATE 

'. ·: ·. This Directive io .. · .. '._; 

'• 

, v::co:'.\cANCELLA TIOI\' 

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·.:;.ll:Aug{ist ·1965 ·. 

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'·•.·1· '·,.1:'• 

\·.;/ ,, . ·· ... ,•'. ::· .' 

AGREE::.SNT FOR REORGANIZATION OF THE 

NATIONAL RECO~NAISSiu'\CE PROGRAM_: i 1. .• ' •. ' 

. ' .. 

A. The National Reconnaissance ?~ogram 

1. Tne NRP is a sin2;le p:.::og:::am, national in character, 

~1 . : ,. ;, : : ·; ::. ::o ;.:cct the intelligence n8ed$ oi: the Govern.r.1ent und.er a 

i · 1•,':•:: s-::ro-;;.g national lcadc:cship),:for the development, mana0e:;ncnt, 

._.. < :· • ccn-::rol and op8ration of all projects, both cu::rent ind lo::.1g •· 

· '•· :.; ·· ::-ang,3 £or the coll8ction 0£ intelligenc8 and of mappi:",g and 

:..i 

-...... 

g2odetic infonnation obtained thro'u.gh overflights (exc,luding 

peripheral reconnaissance operations). The potentialities of 

·U. S. technology and all operational r-esources and facilities 

r.,::,:.s t: be aggressively and imaginatively exploited to· develop 

... , . .and operate syster.i.s for the collection of int:elligenc·e which 

... ·· · a.~c .::ully responsive to t:he Gover.c1.rr~ent I s intelliger.ce r.ccds 

,. · ~.J.a obj ec t:ives. · 

2. The National Reconnaissance Progrw~ shall be res~onsivc 

. _ cii_rec tfy~_-afg."_j,:.9l_ery~ t})~~the~: i:~_t_~-l_l):"ien·c-~= ~_oJ}"ec·tio'i'l. -r·e·qui~c~,e:n;:; sa:::d p:c~o:.:-_i~i_e_s_ -~~-~2.b~~spe_d:,_by ___ t_l1_~JJ'[l_i'i:e~ _ _?_t'?'.Eis~)?._f_eJlige::.cC:_ -

3oa::::-c.~ ___ Targeting require .. ,cnts an_d p_::io_rities and dcsircc_ 

' ::rc::.q--..cmcy of coverage of bo-::h. _sat:ellit2 and manned aircraft ·. 

·• ·~issions over denied areas shall continue to be the ~csponsibi:i-::y 

,· o_f_-_Y~I.B ;-~=s-~bjj~_i:~ _t_o~t}t~ -~P~~~~~{o;.aJ __ apr,~9yaf:9-f_j:;.e 303 co.:~.:.t:::cc. 

·,. ·:. ,t,.;...· .. . -. B. The Secreta-::y of Defense will: 

1. Establish the NRO as a scpa::-ate agency of the DoD anc 

·will have the ulti.7.ate :::.-es?or:.si::iility. £or the management and · ' .. 

operatio::-i. of the ):\RO a;:-id th.:: :t:{'l?;. 

2. Choose a Director of ::: ...... c }::-;.:zo. who will re.port to h:L-n 

""nd be responsive''to his instructions; · . ' '·/. ' . ·_'., . .' 

I. 

~:-:c ::-.:.CeC • f::o~ aut o:-na t:ic reg;~~d:..n3; ,•., ' 

:io:::. Ji::: •. 52.00.10 d,o'?.s not: ''apply. · ..... , 

.· :·', 

TOP 6EGRET 

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HA.1\~,.,E VIA BYZl•:,\.X 

CONTROL SYSTi::;:vf O:;;,y 

3, Cona1,,n: :i.v, the Qk1Pi¢1i;; o.i; t,hG! ;)r;irhrt;;y P;t.~.,.t:\~Q:.- o:4 t:h.::1 ~:th , 

who will report:· to t:hc DNRO .;;J.d be res;>onsive to ·his·. insu.-uct:iot1::;; 

4. Review and 'h~ve the final power :to ·approve. the Ni.\?_ budge:.:::;· 

5. Sit: with 1~0mbc:c.s of the E>:acutive CoIT'mit:tca, w:1cr, · . , nGccssary, t:o reach decisions on issues on which committee . ,. ' 

~gre.e~ent: ·could not be reached • 

. . .. C. The Director 'of Ce'i:'l.t::::al Intellig~nce wilf: :.i 

l. Est:a.blish t:l::.e collection prioi.:'it:ies· .and re'quire;;,.ent:s 

··£or the cargcting o:;: J\'R)? operations· and the establishme::.t: 0£. 

.:· ': .,:·their frequency 0£ cove.:age; · .,. · .. , -,, ' . ' 

:: . ,.. 2. Review, ·the results ·obtained' by tlie NRP and recom.ne.nd ~ ·; 

· :.· · .. i:: appropri_ate, steps for L,,provin6 · such results; · ' ~i,· .''~· . 

'> • • : '., •~~ • • • • • ' ' • •, • •: f • ' I: ' •, • 

3. " Sit as .a member of the E~:c9utive Com.-nittee.; .-,,; ... '. '• 

.. ,"\ 

:-• ',•· .. . ·4. Review . and .approve thG, 1'-"Rl? bucget each ye~r·; 

. .. . 5. Provide security policy guidanc.e to maintain a uniforr.. 

·-: ·' .. , :-· system in the whole NR? a:ce2. 

D. N'ational Reconnaissance P::-ogr2i7l. Execut:ive Commit:tee 

·, l. An l:\l<.P Executive Co::-.:-:.L:-::ee, · co;,,sisting of the De;_)uty 

.. ·:::.secretary of Defense, the Di:cccto:: o:E Ce:.1t:rol :r.·.1telligcnc€:, 

,. .::::-.c fr,e SpGCial Assis•::ant to tho ?r2sident: £or Science· and. 

'I'ec;:-:r.ology, is here.by est2.blisl1ec. ·;:o g;uide and p.a:cticipat:c ::.n 

tl-:.0: £o:c:.,1ul2. tion o:c · -.::he XRP ·-.::h:coug:1 the DNRO. (The DN'RO will . .:- .: .... h -~ r...... .....- C ...... · ..... - "'-. .t.. 07 1 ~ 'b ~ V -~ ........ · -r-::.~~·'"•-..r:-,-,A) S.,;,,, .... ..... , .... 4..._ i....C't.e ~,11.,eCU4.,J...V2. o •• .:nl.L.. wC:.2 uU~ 'Wl.l. r.o L., e a. ,_0L...i..4oig J.••l,.:;,.1.•4U'-" .... 

:f t:;-,8 :C:xecutive Co;:r.:nit·;:;ee ca::. r.eit:. ag:cG!e· o::.. · an issue the 

Scc:c2ta.ry of Defei:1.se will be ::e-=:-_.:.es:ed to, si-:: with the Co:--::.,itte:.:: ' 

:..~ .. discussing this issue and will .:::..:::::.:iv.::: at a decisio~. : ;L'he KR? 

Zxecutive Co;:n;.-,ittee will: , :_ .. ,·• .. ,, 

: .•. TOP SiGR.ET ·· ~· .. 

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CONTROL SYSTEM ONLY 

b. A?provc o:.:: moch:::y the co,1solidatod National 

Reconnaissance Progr&m and its budget. 

c. ,App~ovc the c:.llocatio·.1 0£ :.::-cs~:.onsibility .:nd the 

,~o;:'",".'.">S"".0'1~1~.·.Q: -Fu:---,rlc fo-::"" ")-1;,.--.".'.')~.,,..,...h --r-i r":... '"'1o~a~ "i - - ___ v .. u-.. ._.. - 11,.!.Yt.J __ J..1...,2....':..":::--'---.i.~ C,t,,1.1..u c:~p .... -:. i-ory ce.ve1.o:.)::12.at: 

fo:.· r,ew sys-c.:::,11s. Funds sh2ll -he-·2.de:quti·.::e. to ensure c.ha-c a 

vigo::ous rcs-eirch anci cxplo:::2.t:o:ry develoI)in.,mt effort: i:S achiev8d 

a:-:d w2.intai:-.2.d by th2 De?art:;,1ent of Defe.nse z..nd C!A to desigr. anc. 

co:-.s·tr-..1c.:: r.ew se:--..sors to ;:-.eet: i:Ytellige::i.ce 'requirements ai...,,ed ai: 

the: acquisii:ion of in't:elli6 enc2 _dz:i:a. This effort shall be 

ca:::c:..ed ou-::: ·oy both CIA and DoD. 

: I ...,..---> d • Approve the alloca:io~ 0£ development responsibilities 

· -2.::ci t;,e correspon.ciing £uc:ds £or s1;ecific reconn&iss.;nce, progr.::.r.1s 

witl-":. a vie,;.;r to e:.surin6 ·:::h.:1t: t:1G devc.loprac;:r,::;) testing ai:"1.d 

:_)roc:c.:ction of new sys·tews is 2..ccor.1plishe.d with ma~{i..iu.11 ef::icie::cy 

by -;:~1e corr-.ponent of the Gove:i:n:-;:e·,1t best equipp2.d with facilities, 

2:~p~::-ience and techr1ic'1l co:r.peter1ce to \..r:tde~t:al<e the ass ig:~ue-:'..t.: - .,_ - "\ .. .., ..... .. 7 • , • .. 7 . .r:: 1- 'T .. " .:. ~ ·w::....:.J. c..J.SO es 1...2.D.:;.sn gu:;.e1c::~1.nes .co~-J.<:oor& tion oet,·,een 

, de-::;a.::".:-:::e~ts and· £or' r::\_1tt::.2.1 suuwo:c·c \,1~:..e::c. z..·o-oro0r1.ate. ---:A.ssign- ,~ ----~ ~-~--..... ..cc,...,~,,.. _,,, . ? , .. ..:.:1.:... 0.:.. .. CSuOn.:,...,O...,J.J....,y -G- e .. 0 :...,-.:.:~-.:...,0 uCVe...,0,.,,,1en.._ OJ.. ~c,,SGs·._:':)sys;::2:-,:.S ~.,i.11 be ..12..cie to· e:..ther the CIA or DoD co:-:.-;)onc::,-,c:s i::-. 

.-. • '2 . :: ... CCt:!G .. ar:J.cC wit4.:--·~hc 2.bove c::i.te:ci.2-. '::2:-'..c 2:.1gi11eering ~ ~evclv?:-:-lc~:i.-: ' ,-2.--.-. - --1 .. .. .... ,.J~ ,,...; ... "l \ -:--:-.· -. o= 2.J.. .... otr.:.2~ .suosyster.1s) 1.r ..c.Luw:.11.g S~)..:1c2c:.:ar:i.:, ree.:1t::-y ver.1.1.c~es., 

-.-1.. : : .. ·. boos-::2.::s and booste:c in-cer:::2.c.e s1.:bsy:;,t2;;-.s shall in g2n2.i2.L be 

":•· ·.s.ssi.2:~cd to an P ..ir Fo::ce co:-11poi~er1t, :cecog"i.1izing, r'10\•12ye:::, tr.at 

s2.::i.so:cs, spacec:.:-aft 2.r,d :::eer-.:c:cy vehi.cl2.s a:::e integral co::-,:poncn:::s 

o:: a syster.1, the develop::,1e~1t 0£ w:,ich r::usc p:coceed or. a fully 

coo::c.::::c:.ted b2.sis) wi-ch a vic\1 to ensu::-i::.::; optirm.1.-n· sys t:e::n 

c:2.velo-0:-::ent b. su-o".>O::t: o:: i·:.telli0'°·2nce :::.-eouire:nenrs :for· overhead · ..... . . . . ' ' 

_....,:::-2.co::-.r.c:.issance. To opti@ize. tl:e p:::i..-.:ary. objective o:f syste;:;.s 

· C:evelo?:ne::i.t:, C:esig::1 :.:::2.quirc;n2~1t 0£ t:i. .. e sensors will be give:-. 

p:::::.o::ity in their inte.irat;ion w::..tr.i:-. ·cl-:e. spacec:ca£t and :ccentry · 

v:::.::.icles. 

e. ..".ssi6:1 opGr_&t:ionil _re.cpo~1:>.::.:?ility £or var:_iClus _types 

o:: :~:a::med _ 2.r:flicrht: missio:1.s to c:A or DoD .s __ ubj-ect-~to ~the . u ' . ,-

co::-..c·i.1,rrence of t:he. 303 Con-.mit'cee. . _, ·. 

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f. Pe=iodic£11y review the esscntiai featuriG of :ho 

=~jo:.: ~:.:og:.:~~ clements of ehc N&~ . 

. 2. 

•:-,,.,· 'T',,,,..., ••. --y Sccv 0 -~"'''Y o·-= D,....,; .... ,_,.~,... ...,..1,.._..._ -.,,~~.,11,..,,.I... ...,'-.:.l..u..., J.. l.::..i..l.;;.l.a..:,u 

s~all meet.on the call of· 

o~ t~o Director of Co~~~<ll 

!ntcllizcncc. ·All meetings wil~ ~~ ~tt~ndad.by ~ha D~RO 

st.:::.J.::.: .:::.d.visors .:::.s t:hc Dc::.::.\.:t:y Sec:.:8t:.::.ry of Defense or'the Director. 

o:: Cer-.t:ral Intelligence considc:.:- desirable. ··. · •. 

· ·· E. i\2.tior.a 1 Recory~;.aissc:t1.cc Office 

.L. 'l'o ir,,ple.nent · the NR?, fhc Secretary of De:e'ens-2: wi.ll 

; 2st:.2.blish t:r.e :NRO _.s.s a :5e;.:ia::-£.te op2.::i:cinz agency 0£ the DoD. 

· .It shall include th,;;; SO_C which sl:,;;.ll be ,j oi-..,tly ~armed. 

2. 'I'ne Dir2ctor .of tne ~RO sh~ll b2 ·.2.ppointed by the 

Secrctz..:cy of De.fe.:i.se .. Ti.1e Director J:\RO will: 

a. Sub.:l ect ·c:o di:cection and coi.1t::-ol of the Sccre.t:.s.::-y , ' . . ..... 

. cf De£c~se and the·guidancc of 

fo::th in• Sec :ion D <'lbovG) · h2ve 

t: ..c_. E:i-:ect1.·tive Cor:witte:.e · 2.s sc:: 

b. S"L;.bjec·::: -co review by the Executive Comrait'ce-2, .:::-,d 

::r.e. :_::,::::ovisious of Sec•c:ior. D above, ,have aut:1.0:.:-ity to initic:.te, 

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---......,-ove ·..,.od.:.cy ~,c,:d--iv-/jc··· O"A .1-~-~..;-"'"1· ..... /j ..... ; 7 ...... /'.\S""'rc~ ~·""d a· 0 vr.· 1 ---p"......,- c.:::✓- j •·• .._.._ .) ._-,: ~-'i-, L, ._ L.;;,~ .. ,-.. .::.":'"' ..:. .... ~ -"" -=-.::. ..,. "'"' '- ..::!-v:!"•"'••-

·":""'.,..Or-t9--:--s "'n -.:-~/j- ~i"i"v (i-.:--:"""\f"' ..... ,..-:-i .• .. ;":.,.,.....,.,,rr,n -=-·) ·,-op .. ,....; ---:te ""eCO':"""'--;c.n ...... -.;O....,,.. :._..J- o-..;J.i... -· 1....1. .. ~ l\L\. ....... ._J..-4 .... ..:i\.:.i...c..;, ............ u1,,.o.v"" '""'lP- -"":c.. ,..,, ,t,U;.h\.::,; Gc:...1..,..L.. .1.J.U: 

-► to ·t:hc ExGcutive Co::i:--;~ittec :fo:: the assi~;-1:--: .... «:1er1t: of researc1:i a-: .. G,. 

developrr.eni: responsibilities a:.--,d tl-:.e 2.llocation ·a£ funds, t:n&-::. 

:::.e full pot:entialiti2.s of a2;-2i. .. cies a£ ·::;::i._e Goverr,;nent ·cor.cc:::--."'..cd .· · · ,, -·~--. -, o·~""'" · s-:i · ---, r"'""-:•c-.' '-' · ~~~., .; v -t.: "'- -ave.-,-,-.-~ ,·,~', vl_i...,..., .. ec '"u ....... l.S -UCC c.....,8 ~ ...... l. ...... ZcC ..L..Or L.. ...... ~ .j.,,.::.-1 eA..i. J...On> J..1i.ap .... t,;;:;,:~ .. 1.:,;, ... ,..'"" 

-a~d development of recc.'.'l.n&issanc8 systems to meet USIE :::equi:::er;-.. e.::i.~s •. · 

c. ·: ?.z.ve c:utho:city tb r2c-1ire -~11.a't he be kc-ot :folly .:nd 

co:::plet:e.:..y ii-fo~:e,f._by -&:i.l:~):g2n_cie,,i ,a;c(_D~part .ncnts. of th& 

Gove::....u.-neu-::· o~ · all prog::::.-a.,1~ §:-::-..d. ~~tivit_ics _\1'0:dert~ken,_ as part 0£ 

tr,e 1':7..?.::··r;.-:\:·,--- .. · ', ,·,··,_::. ::. ,:·· ·•, . : ,-.:·:,:,;, .... ,·· : . . · ,·;,. .·. ,i',, ' ··.,. ··:.' 

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d. ~:~iJ.:~J.:!.~1 ~:-.. ~ \)::ovid8 to ·~l1a· ~cn1bC!::-s of tli.c' Ej:cct1·tiv0 

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. c.~·::::::..v::..t:Lcs of ·the NS.? in tl:c ::;esc.:.;;ch) dG.velopmen-::, ~):coC:uct:.o::-.· 

I . . . .t ---~~9 .. ~! ... <?P_~.~a.ti?,r,.~l· pl:~se~. . 

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~:-.. ~· K..::t:ion~l Rccor-.naiss~~::c~ ?ro~::2:·t1 . 

£. Est:2.blisl..,_ a £is~~l co_'l1.·~:co:L c:1.1d account:i1""4g }J:i:occGu~e 

~o C:-lsu::c -~~.s.t .2..11 :f'ul1c1.s c::,.:l:,c;.,:d..:;C i.:-'l. f>Uppor·t of t':.e NGt:io:1.~l 

~2co~~;.z..issance P::os;:::2~:1 2::2 £-L:..lly ~cco~1n·~ed for. and ,~,,:cop::-i~t:i2.ly. 

~=il:Lzcd by the agencies conc8=ncd. In pa~ticula~, the bu~zct 

s::~ll sl'.01v SC.?2-:C~'Ce.ly t~1csu f~~C:s ·~o l)e &7.)j_)lied to rese~::-cl: Z.i.1d 

c~?lo~2.tory design development> sy~ta~s development, procure~2n~; 

.:::::1d cpcrat:io'.:'.al z.ct:ivities.. ?u~1.cis ~:-:pcri.ded. or oblizctted u:.-:dc:: 

-~·~,, ~,.-'~o·•-,-y of' -h,.. D· -i•-:,c,-~,- o·" C-:-,·-.·~--,,7 t----.1~.1.',..,.""'C., """'G."'" ;.....,i.-..:.,. O.\....l.l.,.J..4 ....,J..,L., • - l,.,,1. ~, -J..C:, L.,\,.).._,, l.. \:.:J. ... l,.,.,aC.....- ...... ~4L.,t,; ...... 01,::;A,J. ,t.:..< \,.l.;.,J, i..:;,A., 

?i.lolic LE-W 110 shall ;be .::.dr.:in::.ste:ce:.ci ,t,1.:i accou·.1ted for by CIA 

.::.:--..d. \1ill be. repo:;:ted to DNRO in ;;;cco:.:-da1--..ce. .with agr-eed upon 

·p::ocedures. 

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3. The De?uty Di::ector· ~:.\O sh2.l.l be. 2.::_:rpoix'.ted by the. DCI 

u:.°i:::. t:-:.2 concu:.:re-::1ce of t:-.e Deputy Sec::eta:::-y 0£ De::e:-,s2 .:l:::..:i c ,...., ... r i ~ ... .c.. l i .i:- .:: ,a.. ..~ -. ,..., i .; ·"'I ,... ...... .:. .:- .... .; ·"") d ~ - -1 ~ ~ -:. ~ ............. ~ •• c.:. __ se .. -vi:::. ... u _ ~ ..... ,e ..... .:;. --··"' ~-O::-.:..:... •• o •. ·.:..~ec ... y u.1a"'r 1.,[.sc: 

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r,owe::s 0£ the Di:cec·i::o:c ,· 1S0 c...::.:::.::.g hi~; abser.ce or disability. 

4. The I\'"RO shal:.. b2 · j oir.tly such a £ashio"il 

=o reflect the best talent Z?prop::-i2tely avzilable i=o~ the CIAa 

::~2. ~:--:.::ee. ~ili.ta::y C.cpc..~tr.:c.i1·~s .s::i.= 0thc.r Gov~::11.rner:c ~ienc:.as. 

:--,--~ T:·.2. N:W sta.f£ ·will :.::-cpo::-t to ·:::r.e uXJ.0 2.nd DDl\'"RO c:nd will· r.1aint2.i::. 

:-.o .2.lle.giance to the originz:cing · ag8ncy ._o:c: Dcpai:.:tr.1er.:.t_ •. 

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o.llocated ~s i~dicatec •.:i.n P::,:1.e:.:.:-.. •A .:z:::t~chad ·ho:i.:ot:o.: 

(signeci) 

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"fHE DE?iJTY S~G:::TAR'/ OF DEFENSE ! 

VIA~i-il,';G,ON, D, C, 2030i 

3 February 1968 

lvi.EMORANDUM FOR Chairman, Joint Chiefs of Stai£ 

· Director, National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) 

Director, Defense .Intclligence .. Agency (DIA) 

Di:coctor, National Security Agoncy (NSA) 

. ,,., . ;·.; .. , .. . . 

SUBJECT: Re~onna1;ssance Operations (U) ~ ., ,· ., 

' ,. 6 " 

I wish to reaffirm Secretary McN'amara 1 s and my desire that tnc Joint 

Cr.ids o:E Stai£ maintain cogr.iza.ncc and control over .all military aerial, 

su:r:Eace and submarine reconnaissance .operations. We lools; to the Joint 

Cl--,ie:fs of Sta.ff to submit recommendations for all such operations and foT 

r8porting on the status of approved .i-:.is sions. 

The ;:::ecomr.nendations of the Joint Cl:.iefs of Sta££ on all ·reconna.:.s s2.nce 

opcrationb should include a.ssessr.,ents oi (1) the intelligence objectives ;;o be 

achieved, 1 (2) the technical and operational feasibility of proposed missions, 

' and (3) t~e risks involved. The .Directors of DIA and NSA will provide whatever ass,,1stance the Joint Chiefs of Sta.if require in the development of their 

re corrun'enda.tions. ! 

/ I ., 

Commencing with the Joint Chle:.:s of Sta.££ submission of the Matc"!:l l'9b8 

:::nor .. thly .forecast fo;:- pe::.-iphera.l reconnaissance .:i.ctivities, the followin;:: '~wo 

. 1:;upplcrn.ental sections will be included in the same binder: 

( 1) A :forecast oi all submarine ::ecom:.ais sance mis si<:ins, ;:;.r::.d 

a,. 

(Z; A :orec.;..st of ;ceco:.:maissanC.:! 02crations conducted ur.de::: ~he overall di:recd.o::: 0£ the Di::cectorjl NRO. · (':,'his su.:;;iplement will be prep2.re:cl by tl:G 

Di.rector, NRO.) 

The Joint Chiefs 0£ Staff are rc:qc:.ested to submit for my revi.:::w 2..r.c. 

a.p;_::>roval the appropriate rr.ar:.ago2.mcnt directives they develop for gov2:::::::1g 

the conduct of all milit:a.:-y ;;.,e::ial 9 .;;u:::a.cc, and submarine reconnais sa~-.ce 

o::,era.tions. In thesa d.i:cec'dves, p::ovis::.o;:: :c:-.ould specifically be ,mad.:: fo:: ;;:C..::: 

s?ecial £unctions the ::ieputy Directo::.- ::o:: R.:::co::::.i.aissance, J-3, discha:·zes o;i 

bchali oi the Secretary vi De.fens 2 :.:..~c. t.'c.e: J oi.:it Chiefs of Sta.££. 

Co_?ies to: 

-j;-ac.e:::- Secretary 0£ State ~ 

:::::;;.::ector 0£ Central Int.:::llieenc(; 

BY E-.77339 ... _ 68. 

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MSM6!U>.NDUM FOR CIIAIR!vLA:N, JdU,1''J' GHrm:trn OJI' P'l'AJI'F 

·, __, 

SUBJECT: Reconnaissance Ope .. :ations (U) 

. 

(a) 'Memo for De.pSecDef from Dfr, 'Jt Staff, Subj: 

"D . t' R . ' . ..- ~ eace 1me cconnaissancc Operations in Sensi~ 

tive Areas (U), 11 dtd 29 Feb 68 

(b) SM 24-68, Subj; "Se:nsitive Peacetime Reconnaissar.ce Operation~," dtd 11 Jan 68 (forwarded by 

Reference (z.) above) 

(c) DepSecDef multi-addressee memo, Subj: 11Re<;onna.issance Operations (U), 11 _dtd 3 Feb 68 

Having carefully :::-eviewed Reforences (a} and (b) which set fo::th 

·~he general manner in which the Joi:1t Chiefs 0£ Staff plan to implemc:r.t 

the requirements oi Reference (c), I wish to reiterate my decision that 

the Joint Chiefs of Staff will maintai:::i cognizance and control ove::: aE 

military aerial, surface (land and sea) and submarine reconnaissance 

operations. This is not to say faat in developing a system for discharging this reBponsibility the Joint Chi.e:£s of Staff are constrained fro::-.'1. 

delegating to the Unified and Specified (U&:S) commanders specific 

functions and responsibilities in the reconnaissance field (e.g., 

::outine aerial, suri;:;,ce, and submarine ::-econnaissance associato:::d. 

with task io:cce operations or. the high seas; ground reconna.iss2.nce 

patrols in the Korean DMZ), nor Z!.re the U&S commanders const:::-c.i,::..c;C 

from subdelegating reconnaissance £t::nctions delegated to them. I 

should like, howe.ve:c, to be kc:;?t: a2)~)~·is•.:cl oi those operations for wn:ch 

approval a.uthority is delegated b/ .. :e JCS to the U&S comn:a..."'lders 01· 

:retaineci by the JCS. In detern:i::;.:.~--.g those reconnaissance ope:r<l.tions 

which the JCS are obliged to sc.:.cff.i.~ to higher authority for approv'3.l, 

those io-:: which the JCS decide tc :c:t2.it: 2.~)!_noval authority, c.nd the::;,:, 

ior. which the JCS delegate approval authority to U&:S comm2.nde::s, :::::. 

fir.al analysis I rr.ust rely or. th0 good judgment of the Joir.t Chiefs of 

Staff since all situations which could b2corne politically or milita:.:ily 

.i:r:'lpo:.:tant to higher authority c2.r-,not be arbit::-arily deiir,ed in advance:, 

fa this rega.rd, I fou..'ld the Appe~.dic,:;s t:o Rc:ere::.ce {b) in the mair. · 

c.sefu.l doc.μ.rnents but bciic\1 c t1:ey" :--.c .. ay. :res_ci:r'e more substantive 

;:0vision than Refe:..-er.ce {a) suz:;ests. I assurne that in addition 

you will develop manag.z:-c.ent gi..;idance r.-.. cmoranda for OJCS use. 

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As a general rule, in the development of xour. new managen1ent directives, 

;?lease keep-in mind my desire that a.ll submarine: surface vessel, and" 

n.i:::-craft rcconnais s::i.ncc operationc which are specifically tasked to collect 

intelligence against foreign countries_:and the milit.ary forcaa, equip;:;.,.a,it::;, 

·· and operations thereof, are to be reported. · 

... Al?o please include in your. new.reconnaissance ma!lagement 

directives~ as requested by Reference {c), the £allowing points. , ...... ' 

First, in consonance with the discussion of sensitive 

··peacetime reconnaissance· operations as contained in the 

Appendices to Reference {b), explicit provision should be 

made to establish the responsibility of the _JCS £or 2.dvising, 

and obtaining approval from, higher authority of all sensitive 

peacetime reconnaissance operations.' 

Second, ;::,rovisior ... should be made for promptly advising 

higher authority 0£ any geographic area, reconnaissance 

£unction,. or :reconnaissance platform, which is designa.ted 

or conside:red "sensitive, 11 and the reasons therefor, by the 

JCS or U&.S comm~nder~. Similarly, provision should be 

made to report any changes in such designations to highc:: 

authority. In this con.:ext, I believe that your new manage -

r.nent directives should include specific provision for quickly 

designating areas, operations, or £unctions as sensitive in 

which political or :military events suddenly emerge (e.g., 

the recent developments ir. Korea) which generate concerr.. 

or interest by high.er authority. 

Third, I believe that the new rn.anagement directives 

should also co:.-itain the principa: i:::.structions and policies for 

the conduct of all sensitive ::n:lita:ry :.:-eco~1.naissance operatior1s. 

I noted that in Reie:.:-e::-ice (b) citations a-ce included to some six 

other JCS r.nanagement directives. Fo-.: example, DoD policies 

· governing the cm1.duct or sensitive sabma:.:-ine and surface vessel 

reconnaissance ope:ra.tions are not set forth in Reference (b), 

but are embodied. in a.nof:.:::.er JCS c.i:rcctive·. · Governing di:.::-ectives 

should clearly requ.:.:-:e tn."' JCS to review and approve each oi 

these ope:;:ations. S~Lc.:: such operations are to be included m. 

t:::.6 r.nonthly fo:::ecz..st si..:.bni.itted. by the JCS, they \Vill be 

::-eviewed a:nc. ev::!::.:::.~,:::.::. in the sa.n1.e :--aa.nne:::- as any other 

secls1tive :reco~,.:~z..issance operati'on. 

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Fourth. specu1c prov1s::.on sho.uld also be made to report 

to hlgher authority those military operations which, while not 

primarily reconnaissance in pur~-;iose or objective, probably 

would. provoke the same type oLioreign reaction as would 

reconnaissance operations U.'1dertaken in the same geographic 

arecl,S. Such military operations will be submitted to higher 

·. -autp.ority for approval in the ·same manner as proposed sensitive reconnaissance operations since a. mechanism er.ists for 

obtaining approval expeditioi.:.sly. 

Finaliy, the new management directives should include 

a provision which states that any subsequent amendments or 

changes wiH be submitted to ·the Secretary. of De'fense for 

approval before they a.re promulgated. 

Copies to: 

Assistant Secretary oi Deiense (Administration) 

.Di:cecto:r, National Reconnaissance Office 

Director, Defense Intelligence Agency 

. Director, ~ational Security Agency 

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TH!: JOiNi CHIEFS OF STAFF 

. WASHINGTON, D.C. :l0:101 

Tl-ii JOINT STAH 

):E.:.'-'.;ORANDUM FOR Director, --E-8-rNational Reconnaissance Office 

Director, Defense Intelligence Agency 

SUBJECT: Replacement of the U-2 with the SR-71 for 

Cuban Overflight ~ 

l. On 18 P.pril 1969, the Coiur,ander-in-Chief, Strategic 

A.ir Corr,rr,and ( CINCSAC), recorr.mended that consideration be 

given to replacing the U-2 with the SR-71 for the reconnaissance effort over Cuba. The basis for his concern was 

the recent shoot-down of the EC-121 in the Sea of Japan. 

2. A JCS paper is 

response to CINCSAC. 

be approved by 2 May 

inves~igation, GLASS 

flown over Cuba. 

Copy I 

I of "- Copies ----

being prepared that will provide a 

It is expected that the paper will 

1969. Pending the results of this 

LAMP U-2 missions are not being 

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MANAGEfV\ENT OF NATIONAL AIRBORNE 

RECONNAISSANCE ASSETS 

USI B 

CO MIR EX 

SORS 

REQUIREMENTS 

REPORTING 

DNRO 303 

t------f.'l>f COMMITTEE 

COMMAND EVALUATION 

NRO 

STAFF 

MISSION REPORTING 

TASKING 

T ASKLNG 

MANAGEMENT CONTROL OF 

NATIONAL ASSETS 

MISSION REPORTING 

OSA 

JRC 

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NPIC 

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NSA