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TOP 8EORE'f 

MEMORANDUM TO 

SUBJECT 

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DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE 

WASHINGTON 

DOD 

ACDA 

CIA 

\·lhite 

MASC 

NASA 

HANDLE VIA BYEMAN CONTROL SYSTEM 

11 July 1966 

... Mr • Mc?·!:lughton 

- Dr. Fln.x 

- f.!r • Fisher 

- l·2r. Sb.el don 

House - nr. m~cny 

- !-~. Charles Johnson 

- Mr. l'!elsh .. nr • Soe.~ns 

: Report of the NSAH 155 Committee on 

"Political nnd Security Aspects of 

Non-!.Ulitary 11.pplicnt:tons of &\tcllite 

Earth-Sons1ng 17 

Attached irs the final report on "Political o.nd 

Security f•npccts of l!on-1.Ulitnry Applications of' 

Satellite E3rth-Sensing 11 , o.o transnltted to the White~ 

Houne. 

Enclosure: 

Report on "Political o.nd 

Security Ao pee ts l')f !!on-Military 

11.pplicntions of Satellite EorthSens in3 11 

'I'OP 3F.CRE'I' 

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... Approved for Release: 2017/01/25 C05096680 

'fOP s:eeRE'f HANDLE VIA BYEMAN CONTROL SYSTEM 

Pol1t1ea.l and Securit;[_Anpecto of NonMilitnr~ Annlicntions of S~tellita Enrth-Seneing 

l. The NSAI-1 156 Cor:i..=n:l ttee ti..na revie11ed the iooues 

raised in the lotter of Anril 4 froo nr .. Ch.nrles L. Schultze 

m:'?d Dr. Don::lld I?. E:o:rn:'.l.r; to Socrctnry of Sto. te I)::)nn R:us!i: (i\9pc~di::r !'.) 1 und oubmi ts the follm·1inr; rcp0rt or its 

conclunion::;. 

2. We believe that the "Report on Political tmd 

Inforc.:i.tio~nl Anpocts of Sntollitc Rccon~nissance Policy" 

PJr. .,.,C.,...".,..,Cd !--'-- P"..,.,"'l'"'""',_ ~..:.. u -~.:...lt.I to l.·11.;...;l.-

11 r~ fl.1'.1 1 -,;v i:;t.:; <.....;. 

"'nd ... ~ 1;_;.!..,;l.,;~ ,..,.,....,..,.,.,oped v on vl. _,..,....,,,. .. .:.-v ·3· 0 .J 10~2 ..,,,v # 

for transmittal to the President rcc::l.inn basically vnlid. 

Tr;.e objective of nvo1dir...s opon challcn3es to satellite oboe~votion nctivity hon been cenorolly ~8t, and the Soviet 

Union hno muted -- tho~3h not retrncted -- its chnllon~e to 

the principle of oilitnry spncc recon.c~ni~snncc. A3rocc~nt 

cnn been reached on f't:i.!;.dc.c~ntnl lccnl principles t1hich do 

not bc.n (thouGh they clao do not crpl:'.l.citly sanction) apnce obscrvntiono ~lco, oj.n0c 1962 tho Soviets have developed a 

mjor operntionnl entcll:'.Ltc roconnnioannce p:rOG!'C!O of their 

01.1n. D3vclopcon'cs over the po.nt four years have, th9rcfore, 

led to n shift of co~hcsis fron a need for notions thnt 

will build no~ld ncccptnnce of opncc obncrvntio~s, then n 

ccnornTiynovcl :Lc'.cn, to nctiona tsh.ich uill £_rcno:::ovQ_ the 

prcocnt wide tnc1t occcptnnco of ouch nctivitioo. r~ccord~ngly, 'cbc:re docs not scoi::i to be ony imporntivc to 

launch diocloou.rc 1n:1.t1nt1ves for th.o pu!'pose of furthering the general principle of opace obncrvntion. On the other 

hnnd, 1 t rorr.::iins neccnso.ry to cons i.dcr tho pons ibly ndvc:rsc 

effects of nei·1 public d1nclo::mrcs or other 1n1tintivcs 

which could upset the present oatiafactory situation. 

3. Our chief concern over a challenge to the 1egit1-

1!!3cy and propriety of ontellite reconrrnisoance h'.J.D boon the 

Soviet position. Over the past several yonrs, tr.e Rusninns 

ha.vc uithdrm1n inoiotonce on brn.nd:tn~ ouch o.ctivity no 

lllcc;a.l in the CD.Don of interP..nt10:10.l np::i.cc agrooc::intn th::it 

they desired, nnd tl1oy do not preen such n.ri:;t:.csmts in the UI~ but thoy hnve not stopped rcferr~ng to ouch o.ctivition 

no cop1or!.nce. I.1oroov0r, tho o tn to con to by Ehr;.lsbchov o.nd 

his aon-in-lnH, Adzhuboi, admitting ouch Soviet activities 

h!lve never been prlntcd in tho Sov~ct proon or nclc:1oulcdGcd 

aa official. In tho firot poat-Iilirushchcv at~tc~~nt 

referring i~p1icitly to Soviet ontellitc roconnn1sonnce, 

':POP BECfffi'f 

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BYE-54110-66A 

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HANDLE VIA BYEMAN CONTROL SYSTEM 

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Brczh!!CV on July l d!on1oned no untrue "fcb2eo" nllcg1n3 r.:~-;f.:.1.;";;.-~u"'Mj,,.,,..,~c,...·i...,,.,. ll.:0--v v ...... ,._.. .:) ...._ __ u L~-- U Y-t.-v Lr;_ '"'~)y L...>Wv-----v'-...J ,...,,.:~,..,"ii~b.., .... u ' _._...._ 

l~"C"'.,.. ,...,....., 

nu~7Jc:':J oi' o:loo 1.lco, cr:d :Lc-.71..:..i..na:!.~~blc ct~:::.:::1:1:'!.r:c::o. These 

fnblco.., l:o DQ:i.d,, C::OO :'..D.'vO::cod r'o:;i D~.c"')_i_c·ca.::;,:J d:ci'(T'6~riot'· 11ri... .... 1- n·i r,.., rr;:..~~~-;;;,~.:-,:.-;:;·;:.-;::;y~., ,,_____,t·7'._;;-f--;;,,~~;;:;-;;-;...--;:,-rr- w.__._..1, \.._I ....__:"~u._:,:~~~L~w·h...,H¥'=<h(:I _ -e' b!! , rl~ 

~~o iC"')l~cd q(~in ~ · .!__ ""''"'~,....,,..,..,.7,..,...,,......,(',.., T·'I"\ f'Ar. 1"Qn'·1nn"1rirr ----- ·--~·-_,~.--.-,.t:'~ .... °':::..-.Y..:-;:. ... :;.::...:.:-r~l..!'.":' L.J~~ ~ ..... ;..,..-_.,,..._,,__,1.~y-~-.)...!, ,~i.l:--~ 

T",..,«.,'··l""....,l"'C o-? 1" 1"1"'1 r·:-;r\T'.' lr'~ n....,~_,,,,..,.,,,1.. CO...,cl••,.,-ion thi->'-• "T4- :1_ .. J..:::v..:o. u ___ ......... .i....., ..... V--w ·-... -.l .... ;,;-.,.! .L~Vj_/--'~ v ..... ...... i.., ... ....).,;.. e --~V· ..... v _u 

c=t~cc3ly i~2o~tnnt te3t tho VS ovoid public otntc~~nto 

about; our on'ccllito oporo.tio::"!'.J tb.::lt uo:lld pooo a direct 

po::!.i ti.co.1 cb.:JllcP-.c;o to tl:.e SQv1ot Union on the oonn i tive 

i:J:J't."!.O Of re COrl!.'"2:::liOOQnCO e u 

4. It 1a non noccnoary to a1vo more attention thnn · hcrotof'orc to tC.~ r-onct:Lon'.J of ot!'2or count:rien.. To cnte, 1ncs.~oo.o:lng public nrm:>or..ooo of tt.c o.rc1otonce of l!S nr:d 

Soviet nilitnry cp~co rccoc~~ioonncc h3D not pro~ytod 

conco:."'n in othc:- coL:i.:."'l'cr:!.on for thoi!" oun pol1 t1.cnl O!' 

oili t:::.:>y oocn:r·i ty intcrcotn, bu~ ot~ch cor;ccrn io li!:oly 

to covclon no ot~:oz:o b'.::lcor:r.'.) ~o:io 01:;0.r·o of tho n:i. tnrc end 

ocopa of cntcl2~to ou~vo111~ncc. Dloclo3uro of ourvcillonco capobilitioo, oven ind1rootly in non-n111tory 

conto7:ts, ui.11 nm2!::on nct1 intc1,on t nnd in sor:c cc non concern. ~cco~dinGly, nny ouch d!ocloourc ohould b3 cn~ofully 

considered e~d plQ2~od oo co to prevent or roduco ndvo~oc 

rcnctiono by otl1or otntcc t!:.3t uoulc1 bo undcnirnblc in 

tl:c::'!.:r oun :i:l~h'c end cmJld nloo bo c::::nipulatod to our 

dot!"1.C!:)n,t; by t:10 Soviet union .. ' 

5. D!z>oct dioclont'!.ra of oateJ.11 te reoon.'1'1.nisnonce f'or 

tho purpose of e;n:'1.2in3 uorld nccopto.ncc of the p:>inc:1pJ.c 

of op~cc ou~vo1llanco 1s both unnuccoonry and liablo to 

provolro advcroc rc3ctiona from tho ussn and otho~ otntos. 

O:i the otho::- l:.~nd _, in t:-ic lo:::::; r.>u.::1 tho oc cur1 ty of o-e.!" 

rcco::;no.:1ocm:co p::>ocro.!:1 con be oc:r·vod by oncoura.c:12.3 the 

prcoont nn'Ci..'.l"'C.1 1 C:'CldU.:!l gro:·1it1g UO!:'ld !'0CO£rn:l. tlO:l Of tho 

potontinliticn of nntollitc cnrth-oonoinG 1n the contc~t 

o? oc1cntif1c p~o~~coo and oconcoic bottormont. Such 

rccoc;n:!..t::on t-1~.ll C-::'0:1 u2ot!:.o:ir t10 otfr::r.Jlc.to i".:i or r..ot .. '·Io co.n ~nflt:or..cc n:1d cP-Q:t:.!!ol, nnd if uc ui.oh riotn!'c1_, ouch 

n Ccvolop::-.::;nt -- but uo cnr:.:lot p:s:ovont it. Uc olJ.o::ild 

I'cccc-/1:'!.:::c tl~:::. t nny oppci!'ont; US of'fm."ts to rn.:.!)y~ooo or 

hobble ponccful appl1cationo bocauoc of prccc~~d (and 

r1g,."Atly prcauwed) ocno 1 ti vi ty over p1 .. otccting mili tury 

roconnnissnnce uould not aerve our objective of rota1n1ng 

'fOP SECRE'f' 

D''.{E-5hll0/65A 

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I 'POP SEe:ftET HANDLE VIA BYEMAN CONTROL SYSTEM 

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or i~roving tnc1t occcptnnco of unrestricted earth ob5ervation n~d ocn~in.c;. A US ponition of fnvorin3, lcndinc, and s~2r~n3 in non-ollitnry npplicot1on3 of catcllita enrthoc:::.:J:1.ng 't1il1 not tm.rolvc tl:..o oc.c:J riol:o of provo~:1n3 a confvo:1:tntion t11th tho Sovlot Un2.on no tJouJ.d d:1..roct dloclo~:n.Te 

O (' ,,...,OC0'"'""" 1 Dn,.-,nco T·Tc chou1d ~n .... ,,,....,. ,,,.... .... Of'!"!,... ~,., ""'onn'!blc ..... J.. •--•\....4"""' UU.i. & \.4 -• ....... .!.. ... U\.-,...\,.lj "'--loo"".:...) -<....:.- Ui-.J l"' uu- - I 

tl;:1.t tl:ooo in:1tintivco nro not co~otruod by the S:::>v:!.otn cs 

l:tl::cly to rooult in con'.J::nl dioclosu:::ic of inforwt:J.on cbout ~ 

ho!' n:!.1:1 tary cnpoblli tics trh:!.ch th'.) USSR i-1:1.shos to pro tee t. 

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I 6. fl..n r.otcd nbovc, r-on-nili tary uncn of op::i.co \·1hich 

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require ourvo~l.J.nnco of tho on::."''ch by t::::.:r~ouo ocnoo:i:>s t:onld 

na o oido c?:roct ir:cv2..to.b2y st1.C'~1lntc i·1iclc:r ui:-m::>o!.'!<JDS of the cny~billtico or roco?'."1.EQ1ooc.ncc, b~t in n co~o fovornblo con-

] I to~'c t~:.::-.n tm~~1ld c1i1"'oct d~.oclo::n1ro., Uc nhould rococnizc that 

c1i.?fo:::iont uoco of cny tccb.!:.olocy u111 continue to ovol:c · c1~.2l'o:7ont ronc tic~:.. Z:.o fcti:!.l ~-o.r l:.oce,, trnvol end hobby 

I uooo of o:rd:lr...:J.:!:"Y cc.co::•c.o c1a not 2coaon objections to tr~-J:1.r 

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,., noo fo:r intollic;c~r~cc colloct:'l.o:'l. T:10 oo.r:o \'Jill b~ trv.~ of 

oatcll1to cQcc~20, c~d t~o ~oviotn ~nvc already ohiftod their 

I pooit~on oovo~al yon~o eco to objcctinG to tbo uoo of ontol1:2.to ~-ntcJ.1ic:J:'lco co1loc'c:1.on, ra'Chcr tL:..::.',n objcct:ln.3 to 1 0 ...,,.011 ... ,-0 ob~r,.,..,v:-1"-'lcn r,.,..., oc (' 0 "n '·co fu'·,,·,,c t 1 w V "'"' 'r'.)"""'1!"'1n"' ~£...>.!.. U Uv~ u U.·.,. L.. l-~~ -• ... ~ ... A. .f_ \,, .. V~:....:io .:._-v J.l~-o..Ju ..... i....:..-. u 

J tac:1.tly od~1t to hovi23 roco~nnicconce oatcllitcs of thoir >.,I!'' ,._';\ off~1,, nlo::1;; t~'":.O l:Lr:c~ of. B:ro::::l~!:~V e o o tn toc::mt rofg;:=:..q.P to 

J .. 1 '' _ :-v nbovc, thoy tmti.ld p:>oh'.:lbly o'c:!.11 cln:Ln tt~o.t intolJ.i13cnco 

co:,.i.oo'cion by t!:!o l7:::i:1.tod Sta.ton cor>vcd different and nofnr- ,c1'· '· :..v :!..o:J.o p:lrpoooo.) Z1:'Lo C.oQD no'c, b.0:7ovcr:i occm to bo n vnlid ...,. ·',. ('~ b:J.D~O for oppo31J.:.3 dovolopr:::int 0£ concu.rr>cnt non~oil:ttary J. ,; ,::. m~(.1 cc:i'cint.:od o:11:!. tn::'y reconnnioonnco p:::>oi:;ram3o 

~1· r; " ' ~--' . 7. Nl'.Sl'i.' D l:'!!'.!d other propoonJ.o for dove loping cnrth ... 

J scnstng proc;z>aL"'!3 trhich t!light ovo::·lnp, be dori vod in OD,:11 ti zed 

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forn froa, or otir::r~lnto.publ1c into~ont in, clnnnifiod roconnniaaance p?ocrQ23 ohould bo judsod en the bo~in of c~lto~la 

such as fcao1b111ty, preference to non-opace altcr~at!vcn, 

cont, problc~~ in p~otoctiP-..Q; clnooifiod·tcchnolocy, n~d 

z:ic2~o of ooct::::>i t;y cc:-~:?rooioo of tt:.o clo.on:!.fied !'acon.i::.::i.:!oon~ce 

p~oc:i. 0.!":lo It o~:otiJ.d t::n.:.Cllly bo po8oibJ.o by co.rcfu1 p1n!1:1:1ng 

to clt1cnto pooo1blc oGvoroo pol1ticJ1 ~opGrcua~ionn of t~o 

~u:~cicc:1t:i1 dioclcm1ro of ot:.rvo:'!.J.J.nnco co.r::-3bilitioo n:::.d honco 

to Give polit!col and national oocu.rlty ~lcarnncc to ouc~ 

proc;!"::n:::s. T!::o boot juotif2.cn'0ion fo!' ouch p:1 oc;rc:r:s, nnd 

tho boot ccrn:n .. "'nl b::rnis fo!' calr:i:ln0 v..ny nlc1'm ovor their 

effects uill bo valid sc1ont1f'1c or economic payoff in uhich 

other countt•ies cun mrpect to oho.re. 

'fOf DEORB'l:' DYE-~5!~.:i., }, 0-~66l\ 

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'f OF SHORE! HANDLE VIA BYEMA1J CONTROL SYSTEM 

81!> Tho prir...:1ry nrca of co~::x~ti tio!'l 1n n!):ice cotuecn 

tl;o Uni tcd Sto:;:;o:J e::d tl:'.) Eov:"..ct 'C:J.:1.o:i b.::.o b8-:;n Q!'!d t1:lll 

ro~ t~o C'.J~t fc:J ycn~o con~~c~o to c'.J t2o r2ce to t~o c~on. 

'?.!lo :'..o,, l~Q:JCiro:-,, 2c.2coly o cL~:i:it tcz:n cc~::r~i.tio:1 fo:• tho iC"~.r->~... T~ th...-. l/"\,...,..,..,.,";"11 ,.,.,'r" ~1-- ...... ~c ,....""IY c"'"'·-·010-. ... C",..., ..... ,..,.·-"l'-·7on -_.1 ....... v Wo -.:...J. --- ................. -.......>_.. .... J...i...-.:....l.!J \;..__....,.~ &...._.j. -V ......... l..1 (..,.lo .._.,__.,,..._v ..... v.._ .. 

i:i op~CO Cy~licn~lO~O C~~olop~~3 t~o ~ooc:~;cco of th~ DO~ld, 

r:::::;:;t ~cu2.o.:a ly 0 f' tl~'.J t:~cG ~"'C::.'.)V'O lcr:'.JcJ t:-o::.., 1~u.. Cor.:.":'.:::!:'!. C:l '..:; :!. cr:.:J 

catol!itoo end c'.Jtoo:'o!ccicnl cat812itco h~vo olro2dy cc~trib~tod to th1o c~d 3 b~t t~'.)2~ b82~flto do cot c~h~uot 

t~~ potc:itlol valco o~ ca~th-cc2~2~3 catcl11tco for dovolop- i~3 c~u UJir...::; ~..nt:::~n1 2ocou~ccoo 

9. L~ tt~ do2ib3~ntion'.J o? this Coe:::1ittce, d1ffcrc~cos 

of vie::; c.roonc ovor tL:si ro2nt1.vo c:;:::'.to of: r.o:!.r23 sntollitcn 

o:• n:l::}C'.!:':::lft ro:::- c:Jtt::.,~J. ::::080::.:>co on:::::voyo e~~d o'ch'.J!' cnr>'c~1-

Dc~'.J1 "r nc<~1v·~"-·~or- "in th,.,, r:':"'"'C"'....,,...,".ir ........ ,0,...,.,,. ""'"'nroll o? ..,..,"":r>11-lt"" ... - --~..:...._;, <....:.. V ...... ,,_l;._ U .._l, _ ... --.; -"-' U----:....:'a-'-'"-"(_..._ ... _..v J:..1......4 ..... J ..... ll.-/\...-J.\..i-...;-......:... .... V 

C ..... ,~ .... -~1 ... ,.,. (~·h!°"~~ 'lo r•v"'n'7:11y ·c...,1c"1 i::;o r:::'"'t,.,".:'"·D 'ln p':'>.3c'lo'lo..., o-? - ....... ...J---...... ....> v ..... .;..Ja v ...... b ... "'-... ;,t... .... .._ ....,_ " &..... ....,, --- ""-""' - - ...... -J. -

4..,... f'l'1'0'""'", .... ......_ ... J -

\"lono1•1""..,f"'"") ...., ........ wU ....... -....; .... .l o r,:'11!"' 

...,, ___ ~ c/"\~...,1{·.'-n" v--... -....... vV ....... v 11.-,0 .__.u ~o'- L .. v o.~-'-('\7'"1')'-,....r) vv ......... 4 .;.. v ....... J to 

r·ooo:.i.vo ouch dlf'?e:!'c:!.cca; t~:.cy c:'..cc.r~y !'~fleet C:-1 iC:/:):r"tr:::i.t 

c::::a:T;;1.cn, t::i~ Oi.:z' [::i:'COOff~ .foe~:!) io 0:1 p:::>l:i.V1.C('.ll nnd COCt~ri ty 

GUiC:J::!.2.r:a:J fo:;t 00 of Oti.c!l ont;cll~to f.::"'CCE''0..!::!3 ~n tl:d.o :r.~cr:33 

no c~y b~ Cotc~2ic8d to bo oco~~~icolly o~d ociont1f1cnlly · jc:JtiflocJ. I:i eCcJ:Lt:to:_1, tb.oro t-JO:.l~d nppcc.::.1 to b8 12:~:::-'oDolvcd 

qt::::::ot~o:::.n ui'G!.1 rcop;::;ct to 'c!:.G nlto:.;~:::it:'l.von of t:ninc; t:!::.:.2n:::)d 

or r~~~cd on~cll1too for thaoo pc~p8~on. 

10. .A !'2'.::l't:!!'.:!1 rcoc:~ccn proc:r:io.n of thn ki~.d in tJb~.ch 

I~~~ io 1ntc~ootad can in tic:J p:ov!dQ vaot d~ta, uoin5 a 

vo.:,:1c'(;y of or:::.cobc:i:.,:::Q cor:so:c."S.. Z:.'.) El\.!J!\ p.ror;rn:l o.o n0:1 cnv~_oo.ccd dooo cot; :!.ncl:..:dc op(n:'n'cio::-~:ll t::Jo of rc:::.::rt;a ... 

oor::J:r~:-; toch2::..q::c::o u:::f'o:1c tL:s :L:Yt C.J . ., [::'i~c:!..r.;:'.llly bccnt:no 

r::.o:;t of tho ccr.:Do.::o C:'O p::;onontJ.y p:..""oc:.:<::.r:.=:;d fo:> t:'.Jo in 

ooz;~:'.U::ri.:;1co.tod c:::.::::~'.)d cp'.:l.ccc:r.'O.ft co p:::i:r.:·t of tho 1\9:::>llo 

n:J?lic:::.'cio:i:J P:i.'C;3:!."'2::1,. L::n·;ovc:-,, c::1X)1"'1r.:'.J::1t:ll P::'0[1;:'2C'.3 rii[3ht 

b8 ir~i.,.c:?..ntcd 2.G co.:.,ly no 1SS8. rri.-:cn'o in r:o func1ir:3 CD yot 

of' lcco cc:::::;loz., 1cco c::p9n::Ji vo t:=:~:::::.od o;~n::; tcc.:J c 

21. O:.:.a cnr>2cnt p::ob::.on r1htch c.=.::::rc;oo io the qecot:1.on 

or t::.:::o of co:>tC'.1!1 cqt:.1u:-:~nt v.nd p~otoc:."'21.::11c m to':':lnlo fr.7 00 

t~e cl2coi?2od 2oco~~~~co~nco p~c~~2~ to aooiat I~D~ in 

0 ., .... 1n'"l ··~,...,.'7 ;.;.., ..... "'·111~-y of' .... ,.,,., ci,,,-,.,..;,"'r,.,....·ir.,.,. <-l"lcr....,"1('1>il"'I~ f'o ... \/U.._l.....__.V-.... -u L,. __ .....; t..-•v-.._. ........ v --:J. t...;. ............ 1 ""._,.vi._.:.._.,,vL.1 .......... _....., t,.-.._.. __ .,...1 ..... ..i.~-~,,,) ...... .... , 

co.tcll2.. to p:::otoc:;~r~~Y fo:a c:;:!)lo:1:ci::.c; r:.J·ct::..:..1 :..11 rooot::'cca ~ !n 

o!'C.::;:- to covo:'..op o tho:;;ou.c:b t:::-:.~o:i:nt:c.:r1..:1:lr:c; o~ ob:Jo!..,v;::i-;;lon 

nntclli to tocl-:__""'loloJy" '~t uould occr.i coo1t"'L~blo to co::.'J:1.do!' 

uhothor zmsA ccn bo provided -- on o claooif1od b~nin, but 

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perb.:!.p~ ~~car loao root~!ctivo clQooificntionn co~tro1s -- .,o.._,._ D ........ 10..-.·'-..-.r1 ..,..., .... ,....,11-11-r. D'" ......... ,...,.,.,..,",..,i".., f'o,.., CV"'1·..., .... ·70... ...,...,~ V.:..J. t.....·v .... vVvu u'-41._ . ..._._.......,.._.vu J __ ....;v"'""'L.>-~;..."''""''""'...J - .... f,,.,...,._._.._..v ........... J., (.;.,,. ... · .... 1.. 

'"'01 nc·'-r-r1 .......... '.- .... 11 -~ ~-o 1..,...,...,c..··.,.-,.,..,0 ',' r"!C·1.,,1 ... ....,_,,. C"'lr''"l"""f' r;-;L· .. ,... ("'1'10'''1"'ld- ...... ...._._ V-U U...,... v---- U J..-r.....;..... .,J\.....i... :1 .:... ... & _i.....;.J ...... .t.:..._, ----l--U e - -- U- ..,...._ .... 

~··o.,..,·~ \.-.I :.,._~ \··0·11r1 " ......... _J ~-.h.,..., v---:.....> 1-, ..,,._.. ...... .._ n...,cr.::"_,",, ..... _.,.......:& .... VU -... f'o.., - p"r- .,;,...,;_I..)_ ...... 1b1c ........ -t....:..v\,.._...,......., f'·~'·n-:··u·~ 0""'".,..,C:C.~"'.:""'1 J..'"' ............ _....,_.__.._.._ 

~:JO i:l t::J.'C:!:'Cll ::::'OOC:.::s'CC Cil:"VCY r::lon1.or..:J. 'Li:.:..~ CQ.l'.'.'..p::~:i.·~ to 

to U.::!Cd r..ccd t:.Q'C -- c.~d in C-:..::..:1 v:I.c:1 ol:o\..!ld r:.ot ... - r::::prc::;cn.t ~-h,-, U--- 1 o.'-o .... ~- h'i r'.""""· .,..,....,,..,01.i'·'i on Cr'lr"',.....,...,,.,,, T"-i'· CO"' rt_, r" '"';""~"1 e - v l.)U' .i.. ..... - 0 ---uv .t...\..,,iu ...... ~v- .......... 4.-... ..,J ..... ~;.Je ... __ v ... _:.J._,,._,__l....t...1-

l:'.JC:i't.1::1.. t~·0r~1: co:12.d, £0:> c:::c.r::.:::ilo, t:) ncc0n:'.-)li0hcs \·~ith 

~QOO~~t~0=J C~ t2~ O~C8r of 10~~5 fcote S6~~ of t~o r~~y 

n:;pJ.:!.c:::l~c:::..c::'.J ·ct.:::.t nis~1'0 c::; t:'.Joft::i"ly cc:ovcd t1ith rocolut1"o::.s 

of t~1:1.o lcvo:i. i2.c2t:C:Q t::).r:::x1..2.~, o:.::."'vcyo of t.:o.tc~ rioco1.:~"CC3,, 

!"If":'':"!'! c·il f:~,..,..,, !"'~rl <'c7l~.,,{-..,.,y. o·i':"'"v'<''T"· nnr1 O'l-,1r1·~ 0:'1 of' lnnj ''(j"" \...~....)-- ..._.-.....-'-' .. -..._.lii.,..O <...-_ .. .._,... ..... "-'WU.... ~ .......,.u""'j \.... .. - ... ~ ,.,___....._.. '-' •• <....:.- ... ~ • .._, 

OVC::' b::c:::.d n:::c::::::.:J 0 .S::~_ tc.blc CC'.C'.):.020 f'o:> t~~'.JGO pt::::p'J::C:J 

nl:."'c:J. uy c::io 'c :ln t!:c I:ll p::•o:::;::>C.::::l, t:.L:-:.1 tl:.G t:c 2c2oo te> I:!\81\ 

of bo~~1 oclcctcc1 cci:.1:'...:;=:;:-rc C:!;c.1 p~~:'.)'coc:r'2.f:::y tQl:c:1 '-!:1 t!:.0 

p:J.n;c o}.cl1'c bo t:sc:C'cl cn-:.1 p::>occ::::'!)ly ccy;J2d b3 do::o ni tl:..m:rli 

~'CilOi2,S 'l ~"'::".r..o_cco.blo cc.:cc:.1 ty p:·obJ.cr:'..3 o 21'~1~ C21:'.)!1::10 C.r~d 

p>.:>toc:.."~::1l1y fr'c:J. e:a EH oyutcr.:.3 co-:.i.ld r:o::.:.::i.in clnoo:lf)_cd; 

only tha prcCu~to of cct~31 rmo~ o1co1cr::.3 uould p~ob2bly 

~ood to bo t:D.alaoo~fiod. Zn ccoco nta~o n doclo~on h~d 

1.::8cD [.'.:__:c:o fo:- !":!~C'.l\. 'co p:'occcd t-12.. 'i:.:11 n g:i.von Pl"O.::;:i.'Ct!'.:l fo-.:_ .. 

ul:.1.c~ t::.'1clo.oo1?~oc1 cc1:::::::::.:"c:.o o:i o'cl:c~~, CCF'.lD:-:::::::it co-.i.J.d L'.J t~::icd, 

r~DA could lat co~t~cct::J to t~a l~D ~~dQOt?lnl co~t~ncto~o, 

ubo cculd t~8n in feet aCapt on en l'.nolcoo~ficd t8o1o 

CCJ.l1ir:;::::;:Jt O:::."":~cir::::.27_y C:ooic;r::.cd fu;~ t~:Q c!.C.CD:!.flod r·::::c_:r:'~t::lo 

In t~a c~ae of cJnsoifiod cqui~='.)nt, tho l~O could p~ovido 

012c!1 C'.D::J2.o'co.r~i:;o,, oa 2..t ~-G Coir~3 :1n t!-:c t:uc of tl:~ C!~r:::::r s in 

tr~~ n;)!)llo lu:::::::.."'~o:>bitc::> P='OC3:'2::1,, O!' clC.D81f1cd C:J::.t;:\'.J.Ct:J 

co-....~ld b0 ll!'.i."2.~.:::::;e: d f o:- r:a coo :Jeiry r;c::-:pto. ·;; :'.o::::. of e:::Lo t :1..1'!3 

c2eo8~f~ca cqu~p~~::::.t. IffiSA uould p~cro~ to t~e c~cntcot 

c;~tun'c po:Joib2o to E'.JO t.:!1clo.oo1:':'icd ocFd.].J!:~nt.. 0~'1 t!:.'-J 

ot:ha::"' l~~r!d, pG:r~locdblo r:.l\SA p:."'e:r.:::::cic'.J rn: ... 1.i.J.d nocc0:Ja:.."'~.!..y be 

r::.or0 sc-,lcroly lir:!:~.:ce;d :!f only t:n8loooj_f:lcd equip::::;~1~ could 

be nDcd, nnd for a rnn~c of caooo vnl~ab!c photo3r~;~lc 

C:::ltn co1.~ld ca r'oloc:ood t·1hila tL:.8 cqu~r::::::::mt uould need to ~~~1n clcoo~Ziod. 

12. l't:b:!..'.!.c ni::in!'cnonn of t!10 qt~nl~. ty of oor.;~ of tho 

lc:m:i r-coolt:'u~0:1 t::lto:::>~J'l.1..o :r-clcnooc1 ~.n r:.on-rJi2~.t:::::-y 

co:!'Cc::'Co r;:::::cd l'20t t.'.::lvo C.cu:::::ic:l.r.:3 of?oc'u 0:1 tL10 vlnbtJ.~. ty 

of t:..."1:'!.!.n tc::'ol r.'O co~:.::i :~coc:::cc p:>oc::::::u:.:J, p:.'ov:ldod CO.!."O ~o 

c::crc:.'i..cod i::J. t:~a 'cypa of t;..:).tc:.<.Qlo t~o:~c:::icoc1 Q!-::d tl-:'J r::~:r..,!;.or 

cf r-cloo.oc.. E~cn!':l ty o:? tho cJ_cwo~.f~..r.)c1 r:.::i.t:T_c!:'.:11 rcco:-:-

~aicc:::n:cc proc;:o2:J 't'!OUld nloo bo ct:!:::.mcod by h:J.v1r~::; E:'\S_I\ 

co::Gu.ct the nctt:.:D.l lncnch o.nd r.nt:1.."1.cvo.l op..:::ro.tioi:!'.J of the 

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23., Tl:c U:!:1tcd Dtatoa."i-11.11_, in e~y cncc_, fi!:d 2t i!!c:::c::::.:ii~~~7 c12.:2:::':1..c:J1 t to c·o:1t::::ol P'!..:b2::..c ('!~.cclo:::t"..!'O of 

C'.ltOl.~ ~:co CL.:."'VC:l.3.2.0.~CO CO.~:Jb~l::!. 'C:2.co • 'i'v C'.:~.'CG t~G t'S e!!d ~~· .... ,.... ,.....U <'.'("!.: ! ... ...., .• .., C"' -1 !""1~ • ...., ·~ L.:""1 t:"l C ~ '· 1 y ...., C1...,...,,,_.71 0r' ,...,.....,.1 b•i"- r'l""'"''' 'r)1 ~ - v--- ----. --.iVV _..)_..-v,.,.J. ......... __ ..._.1 w -v~ <...:. ----' ... .._.._1,....\,.,J-_..,...,~ .rV 1..-.:..-_.,,, ...... .. - ..... 

o i~~c1 c:1-::;:.::.:ll rcco:::::::i::.c~a=cc ct:~vc222c.!~Go e !::J.'c~~~r, t~a 

u:.:::::t t.'..1~ c::c:::·o t:::::i'c c..::y bo ir..~:'..c::it::..c:-:.~ o:: n oJ.::c~:.'c 

2.Go:Jc:!'.:.~3 t:.J o-:7: t:::J:l:• c:;:1 !'ot::..cc:-:.'.'.:o to (°'.:.'...cc-::'.JO cc.tolJ.~to 

oc:..:.::i:l.r..3 coi:J.b).2.:lt~co by :r-o2cc.o::..r23 ?v p~::>tc,r-::'2.P~'!n o? t~:'.'.) 

c2:>·::;:1 t~!:c:1 by t::.::: r::J!..~:!.yn ontcl2~.to_, c.::cJ by pt:b2::ch.l.!!3 

~.:i t~:~~-::' c:1n p:>ooo cc7~_:2.o:> US=20J.c2:::cd C:::::::~::.i p:1oto~:::'~'.~:,~13 

(•--;·~ ~-7.,.,...7~ • o'·f-.•-,·o l'·i~··~ ('~-. Qf' ~-hr. ,..c·~-,,.., ...... )' r,-:-~,.v·•n ,.,~~t"'\TI"' ,..,,,,.,.-,qf- \.~"- ..._. __ ..._..._ .. u uv • .,._ ... u_.._,_....., .... ~ ...... "-'--"""" L.J ~--'-'- o ___ ....,._.o...J LJvv:._-..J u .... --..._.,:_i'-'UV 

G p~~~2b!C r:Jv:ot D~l!i2:~::::80 to CCC~3tO~ tho tlO~ld to ;c:~8 ~C8:i "c~::i~:; r:~::=::0(;s~~~: :::::oc~~cc r;:·-~tc.,.:::::.~~:.y fro:i 01::.~a ~o n ... r,o~ ... ...,; "'l1">~--1 •7·i -'·y r-.-,rl c~-,~ ri .;>v-...,-, ..... 1 ,r,~'.·····1 ,.,,..., o·· ...... .,, ~:' !"'lf"'r-,f'>•··rl 0·-;f';',...,r} ~-...;- .... ---1_.. <-O...,.>U ...... \. ,.__.l.' :J «..-- ... .....l ~· ... ----....4 _ ............ ~ .. --....... -...1 .. (..._.:.....\ :,.,..,,.,_,,.;. ... -v <...:.'-'----V•~ .. _..,.,;"-. .._,.v"-

[\.."1.~:~""0 2oViO°C CC.°CC:~~J.:"!.tO f:'0.:::;!:'2'.:l fo::;> cr_;7{l:.·-::JO:-J.Cl:lt:3 Cr!J ,~...,·:--~-.,""1 "'"''"'o·i':">CQ,., c',-,-~,...; r"~-r,-.~- (r;-.. v ... ·1.·~".'.0n r"')y ...,, "'O ""-'"' L--J~ .... -w'-" ....,\....:u \.....,_ u ..,..\/v .. ~r.J.;...,.,-- ..... uc i~----...,. ,L... ...... -l. ,, __ w~ ..... _, \..-...._,.v 

t~:.:'.'.o l::-:~:1J.cc:::;Q :i_c. ·c8:' 'co o. ·0 '.::;oc:;t 'co c-:C: ".)i."'c~;,·;:; t!:.'.J l'.!~·::::..., ~-c::. :l 

3;c:-J1·~~-C·:1 c:i. clic.:::~~:~::;.::Jn'C 'f,]0::1if:lcC1~~.o::ij c::.:.d c.n n~~.cd cc.1.::.>J .. :1 .. cr 

th~o t:o~ld ~ot ~~co8~27:ly it~!y a~y oofto~i~~ of 2~v~ct 

0 1) ':" ,....,~ ·'. ,..,...., to o.-· r,-, .... ,.. J ., .. ,,.,. ·1'1 Q(~ro:-- '"'?'i .. _ 0.1." T"Q,., r,,-; c-. ...,., "'" ~ • ., ,, ..... ) ~ 0 -...... v v ......... - ... J. l/'-'-..1. \...-.v .. -.:..._'....J., - ·.._; .... ~---~""' j. ...,, - .......... ---~-ui..., ..... __ -.,,._ o i 

c-c:.::J::: C'.::·:.:.:1t::i~.C:D,, t G:J,, C:.! 7 C'.) CC:1 tc::r::~))_Q '0:?.r.3 0 :U:J~.lC\:.." r:.'vC:).:':~:1n" 

r::JcC:.J1V I/:~0:~~0~1 o'c:.:(i~~(;:) o~ '~l:.o t~:;o or [~O:';~: .. a:t 1;:~!0t.00::.<~:p~·!y f'c~.' 

cc::J:::;::: o~~'lic \.::~oo L:.vo :'l..2':1:1co.tod e:i :1.ntc:.-c:J"b :1.n t:':::) ti.'.Ja of: 

LJ['::i'.:o plo. tfo::."'w co t;·oll co n:l~o:'C\.<,;'t., '?2Ji!J ~-rr'co:.\'.)::J 'u :to 

!..!Ot Ot:'.:."p::.•:lo:'~r~.::::,; L'::<:::::::::o iD 0:1ly t'..:.'J fi!':J'(j Of OCVC'7.'J.1 co;.m~ 

'c:':::..o:::i u~'cb. c:;-.,;c.:2.o:):-:..r~3 nr::i.cc p:·oe:;:r-.:::::::J 1;L::l..c!1 uill bJ 

~n7co~ic2ti~3 ~caZul ccc~c~lo c~ Gotcn~itlc cntall~to 

p~c=~2=3 in 23 e~a3 t~3t hao c0t ol~cQ(J t~cn p~cc~Jtod 

DJ U:8 t;·.Sli. o:> 'l:l:'.J 'CC.'.J.Jo I!1 tl:'J :L~l::JJ. il:.o::::d tho.'c o':.:~_:::;::i 

Cc.·-····~-,-,·i C'"' T·J", 11 r·o' .',...., l~"' OT'"'""' ..... ~-.·1 nrr 'o,n ,-,~-: ·1 C"ri? o-, ....,,,, y ..__ .. v-~ ....J \ J..,_,.._ U ,_._4 t-,.v ....... "'- ..... uv .... L._J ..... \._,.;,V .... ~ .._.,__.1v ..... Jv-~,~-

cJlGCC::::O'.i_l-::,'.j t::-~::::i CJO o'f Ol>:Jc::'\J"Cl-::;:tc:.-1 c::.:t:JJ.! .. :l.'l~c:J,, :!.'v D:1.c~1t b8 

to tL_') US o.G:,.7c::i'.:.,c~}3 to L::; p:::ci.;:::~~-(;~ to 'i::c~:~a t::G lc8d tn 

D~~~ d1GCUG3io=~ u~d cotivitiooo r~~aod, ct 002'.J P81nt 

t:a cy uio!1 to co:~o~t:::r coo!)o::."Clt::lvo CL::.1 collnbo:."':J.t~.\-c 

r;::~'c\3::.··2:.::j cot c:1::_y 1J~tl1 o',.:;~:o:" cor:~1'c:...,lcr.:> :1.n t'cotc:>n E-~:.:::."'O:D'.) 

o.z-~~1 .::·c:r.::i.n_, t·:i'c c~.;c::1 uitll the UJJI1_, ~-x· tL:.'.) polit:"..co.1 cJlr:.:::.to 

~o~o O]J~op~iatc~ 

:!.l~e S:'.J G:J1 tod 3tc.tcn ohc:.1lr] co~n~_co::i otcp.:J to DP:?~-Y 

1to b~c~2y ('.)volo~~d c~d Covc1o~1~3 p~oto~~~D~ic c~p3bil~-

~-·~ C"' f'o..., '·hr. ,.,,., • .,r,·~-1 ~· 01' '-1-,....,, ... ..,,,,,,,,_.~CJVC 1 o;~r,j C"·"'·1'· 1-.·' '"'\ 1 :1 l1- ;.J - - \,; __ ...,, L.,v ... ...,- ......... V _., l,.i, __ .._., I,... ___ ._....._.,...., I...~ .,._ .... "''- V\...-- ... V .... ...._..._._ 6 ......... 

t~io u2y t~o C~itad D~otco cu~ t~ ~n n P08~tlo~ to r~ov~C~ 

t:::::~3:1b:'.1..o ov~co::.co of m.:'.i:' ~nto:...,o:::rc ~-n I::oI!)~x~::; c".0vo. .ol:):~:~.::; 

cot:::it;r:le:o., t:hilo fo::::ooto.1111:::; o::. .... OVO!',:::..:'cc~1Ir~3 pci:::;:J:1.1Jlo 

S::>vlo'c p1'or,2c;n:1C.'.:l ~.n1t1ntivo in t!1:::.t f:le:!.d. 'i~1in u:U.J. 

requ1~"8 co;:2:Jido;.;·atlcn of n uhole l'm:.s2 oi' poli tlc::.d, o.a 

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~ell ns sc1ent1f1c-techn1col and security, factors. For 

exne;plc, rr:erely o.dvinin[; develop:l..n.[; cou...'1tr1ea of ne\·1 

resources nnd opportuni t1cn uill not nltmyn i'lin us plo.udi ts 

if tte nre not prepared to osnist thcoo countriea in ,..e~ 1 ·i z1 ,...,!'.)' the no po'-on"'""'I '"'11 t·1 c.n 11 ~~ ''"'""'"''-hp 1 ""'S in ... he lo.,..., ("'er 1 .. u V A. V-u-.,,.... -'-"--1 • .1.·-.v1.. ......... lJ..., ---u , ... v.:... ;..J.v 

ru...."'l tho!'o t10uld nppcnr to be rcnl poli ticnl oppor·0uni ties 

to us in tnkinG n core active role than ths Soviet Union 

in applyi~-3 ontellite enrth obnervnt1on to non-military 

econooic uncn. This 10~3-run politlcnl intc~est reinforces 

other rcnnonJ for dovolop~ng the potentialities or nonm:1.lit:::lry u~cn of eo.rt;h-oonsing by sntollitcs. 

15. Proo the stnndpoint of protecti~3 security of 

the clnnsif:led nati.onnl roconno.iono.!'lcc pror;rnm, W\SA 

progrnr:.3 ohould proceed cro.dunlly throv.~ current ncrin.l e~p8ric3ntnt1on, to un!!'.2nned nnd ~3nncd satellites, and 

in co~crnl moving from leas to more prccioe grolli~d renolutione The tcchnicnl linits plnccd on s~cv..rity erounds 

couJ.d p:;;obably ch.o.nse v.s the gcnernl state of the n!'t of 

clnonificd tcclmolo3ico.l capab111 tics i1123)roves and us 

public nunroncon nnd v.ppreciat1.on of them advances. Thia 

proccns of reducing the security I:'.'..'.:lrc;in could, not c;o on 

1ndof1nitcly, b~t the line of oenaitivity probably could 

recede along the lines indicated above us both technological nnd political aocurity limitntiono bccoce leas ncute. ~t p~oocnt, it in cencrnlly BGrccd thnt the limiting 

opticnl Ground ronolution should be nbout 20 metcrn from 

lotr cnrth orbit; public dlscuao:lon of potential futl.tr'e 

economic applications should, ho~over, be loss reotricted. 

16. At so~e point, prob~bly.ofter- therci had been 

further 1nitiol exploratory study ond if the procrnm 

proved practicnblc, it uould appear thnt the United States -- perhnpn the President himself -- oicht launch n r::::ijor publ:tc procrnr:i. At, tl1n t t:Lm0, e:rrpcric::mtnl NASA nor1nl 

D::ld np~ce photog:ro.p!.1.s could be rclcnned, nnd UAS.f\ proGrnm 

plnns and expectotiona described -- nll u1thout ccntion 

of the claso1f1cd pro131~0.o. Su.ch nn ini tio.tive 'l.rnuld 

I:.3xinizo politiccl cnins for the United State~& It could, 

of couroe, nlno proc~t pro~1ncnt npcculntion about clnnsificd rcconnaioonnce activit1co, but ouch opsculntion 

could probably be fonded off, and poooiblo hostile Soviet 

ronct1ono uould probably be forocloood or undercut by tho 

wide 1ntercot thot the program should sonornt0. I~ucvcr, 

the quootion of 1·1bcther nnd hou nny ouch ininitivo ohould 

be nadc should probably be doi'er.'rcd nt this tim3, nnd in 

any case will require further cn11 eful consideration. 

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17. It nhould be noted thnt public recognition, even 

on an inco~plctc b~oin, of oatcllite oboervation capabilitiea ~ould nloo h~vo reverberations in other fieldo. For 

exa:'!1plc_, public n1·.inrcnooa of ouch cupnbilities chot.i.ld c.ssist 

in buildin3 a connoncus in n~pport of disnr~2cent proposals 

t1hich rely on nntcl.lito ou:rvoillencc. T'c.c o::istcnce of' nn 

openly nclmoulodc;o d photocrnph:Lc ontolli te _sys tern, even 

uith poorer quality producto, ~ould under aoms c1rcu~3tances 

Give the US covorncont an nuditionnl option: to ~~ke public 

unc of satellite photo3rophy to prove a violation of on 

ngroecent to o world forum, without diaclosure of the 

clnasificd rcconnai3ocnce procram. In the oboence of ouch 

a publicly lmou::i system, 1 t r.;ic:ht be r-~re difficult to r.:..:::i.li:e 

a convincing cnoc thnt a v1olnt1on hnd indeed o~curr2dn ~t 

the am::3 tine, it 1:"..0.y nloo be t::::iod by others to nrcue 

ue::i. i~n t requirer.ienta for other vor:1.f icn ti on meo.nt!l'03 in 

co.non u:1ere ouch rcq_ui~:>or.:~mto ror.i..o.1n. Dy nnd lt:lrc;e, honover, 

dioclocure of surveillance cop3b111t1co within t~c limits 

'!:IC U!'e susc;eo ting 1·rould probn'.)ly fncili tn to dio t in[,1-liDhj.n0 

bct~cen whnt satellite oboervation cnn and cannot verify 

for tho pt.:rponeo of dionrrrc.r::'.'.::nt :r.oc;otia tions. 

18. naco~~endntions: 

(1) The clnsnified national reconnaissnnce progrnm 

ahould be protected by continuing to consider cnrc~1lly th~ 

political nnd oecurit~ cffecta of pronoccd unclnoaifiod --- carth-sensin~ octlvit 

Simi].nr ly, con:i :!_c1c::_:.·,c t ion sho:..!ld cg_n_U.n.:-~e to b8 G1 vc:A t.2 ..... th§t poTI'tfC31 2n!:l oci:;t.n.":1.·cy ei'f'ectc o~' nu~l1c dincu:::ioj.on of onch 

ricti vi·cics. · L1y po.r·cy o. {:; in-~c[o-cit''-cnn roquos t tho I!SiH-1 156- 1. >- z~a lioc Cor:i:n1 t toe to roviet1 poc.n 1ble po Lt 'G i cnl or occurity _ --~: 

iosue:s Hhich might ar:'Loe fron pnr·ticulnr> NASA or othor non- . 0 ;-

m1litery plo.no, procr<:.ms, or other relntod activitio3 !, 

concerned ~ith spnceborne eorth-acnoin3. ' 1 ·-~ '-.. c' ' 'l:. .. _>!·( : 

(2) There ia potential Grant politicnl cnpitnl 1 '· .t' 

in a US procram of nnturol rcnourco surveys and otho~ 

scientific nnd economic cxplo1tot1on of ontcllito cnrth 

obnorvntion 2nd ocns1ng, provided the bnaia hno boon properly 

lnid, O!!c1 the o.nnot'..!'•r.!e!'2c;nt of ouch n pro~ram io nblc to drm·r 

npo::-i nnd p:;.'oject vinblo eco:nom:1-c p:i.~omioo. Further considcrnt1on oho~ld therefore be given to n ~3jor polit!cnl 

in1tint1vc odvnnc:l.n:; tho concept of cconooic bcttorr::8nt 

through space activities. If ouch on initiative in decided 

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upon, it should come et a time when sufficient work has been 

done to deconotrnte the potentialiticn tind offer reasonable 

promise of nocc curly payoff. 

(3) At preacnt, nnd for the next oevcrnl years, 

from the otnndpoint of political nnd security considerations 

there is no objection to !:!ASA p:"occcding i:Jith its tenta".;lvcly 

planned e~pcriccntal procram, corn9lying nith the limitation 

previously cntnblinhed bctt·1ccn I~l\.SA nnd !mo.* 

(4) In discunnion of the use of observation satellites for nnturnl roootE~con p1..~l"'pocon, I!ASA ohoulu, Tor "Gno 

F.C:~t'f1.vc yonro ot~bjcct to fu'curc :rovim:1 nnd poosiblc 

rcvio:'.Lon of cuidcl1ncn -- rcntrlct ttn discussion of futtn"e 

syn to::-...3 to thoce j_~vol v~.nr; [';round roGolution of 10-15 foot. 

Tao 0~~2 reotriction should apply to nll otncr interested C~ver~~znt nco~c1onp In order to facilitate propor clnooified 

control to npply the above ccnernl Guidelines, and additional 

detailed ic~lccontin3 culdelinao dovelop3d by NASA uith the 

concu:"'rcncc of !20, n I!SI1.n 0110"1ld be ioauod d:trectin3 nll 

other ci vi1ian 2c:cnc icG i·ri tl1.. rm ~.ntc;;:•oot in en to 111 to cnrthoeno inc; for 'chc;oc P'---~Z"'ponco to r:::!lcc lrnoun their in'ccrcsts in 

thnt field to, 2.~d coo~dinato fully nith, 1ms~. Apnrt from 

other advnntncco to be expected from ouch nn nrticulntion 

of rcsponoib111t1os, it nhould enable rmsA to apply tho 

ocrced clannificd GUidclinen limitutions to othc~ civilian 

o.gcnci8o. 

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°'Tho Co:uni ttce accepts nn a sa tisfnctory present dcf1ni- "-:' 

tion of the 11rnitntion on the study, dco1GTI, dcvolopm~nt, 

fabrication, or test of enrth acnaors by NASA (ao propcocd 

in Dr. I.foMill2n's letter to Dr. S8.'.:l.C0.!2D of Auguot 5, 1S'S5, 

and ncceptod by Dr .. Scnn::.nns in hin reply to Dr. !-1d1lllnn of b.u~pt 2L}_, 1965) nn thoce sennorn not c:;rccodin::; n cnp::::i.bJ.1:1.ty 

or r.<:m nn;:;u1o.r rooolut:1on of 0.1 m11J.~.t·o.dio.n or fir..cr,, or> an 

optico.1 o:' inf:r'n-r·od 11:-!a.ge fo:n1'.1 n::; oyn tom u1 th n p!:lyo :1.cnJ. npGrtt~rc r.:ron tor them, 30 crn. nnd nn optical fi[;urc co::it:\'olJ.cd 

to bGttcr then l/l~ unvo lc~.c;tl1°. Th:l.o J.ioi tin3 optic;::i.l 

rccolution is rou~hly cquiv~lcnt to 20 c~tcrs fro~ lo~ cnrth 

orbit. 

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(5) Nfi.SA nnd other cpproprinte e.s;encics ohould 

cona 1der cnrcf'ully t~1c rclo. t:l vc r:~cri tn end cos ts of ncrlnl 

and other possible nltcrna.tivco to vnrio~s op~cc-borne 

en:>tl:.-oc:-i::iin.:; p?ocrnr..:; :Ln tc:':"':::.3 of pr.J.ctico.1 .'.:)Olit:l.cnl 

intcrooto an wall no coot cffoct1vo~eos. Si~llnrly, the rcop~ctivc C8ri to of r::J.nr:.cd n::.d t:..:.m:.:.ncd so.tell1'ccs i·rill 

of cou~oc require considorationo To assist in deciding 

these questions, !ffiS~ o.nd other npproprintc Govcrn~ent 

pcrso~~el ohould bo p~~o1ttcd to ucc oclected U-2 and Irn-4· 

p!::.o·co[;!'O.phy, ~oot of i:·J:1:1.ch in noi·r codcuord claonifiod, to 

nc1vnnce 1 tn atud ion of non-mil i to.ry co.r'ch-sens ing applications. 

(6) With a view to focilitnting the above otudics 

noted in pnra (5), USID ohould be asked to reviev: 

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(n) The qucotion of roreoving reference 

to the fact that the US hno an operational 

satellite roco~na:laoance proc;ram from codo~ord 

control, rctn1!1:!.ng either n SECRET or TOP 

SECPe-ET clnoaificntion. Thin irnuld pcrni t 

explanation of the roaoon for limitations, on: 

a clnrrn:'Lflod b30:1.o, to Govc:rnrr:ent p:::roonncl · · concerned nith non-military ontollito enrthncnnin[!; proc;ro.::o but t1i thout n nccd=to~lc!lotJ 

the pcrform~ncc copab111tics or product of :~ ,~ 

the clnnoifiod pro~rnrn. Ill 0-::o o-? t!'lc co::.G:lc1cr- ____ ationa :tnvolved io th:J.t nt p::.'ooent, Enclc~::u:·cd 

· ""'ITOVc:<."r~~:;8n'c p8::.'cormo_\.. often voice the LP 

opaculations about r9con~3ioonnce procram3 

nnd c7on capabilitica on an unclassified and 

uncontrolled basis. 

) ,~ ··..-.... (b) Sclocti vc removal of apprcprintc 

photoeraphy from codauord control for claaoif!ed 

use by selected NASA and other cleared po~nonncl 

studying the potcnt1n11t1ca of non-m111tory earth-sensing nct1v1t1ca, o~, nltornotivcly but 

lcna doairnbly, cloorcncc of an incrcnaod nu.~'bor of' Ef\_Sl\. pcroom_ol for Ol'.Ch use of those 

n:::i.'corlo.la '.' .. ndcr p:::ioacnt codcuord control. 

(7) The Director of Contrnl Intclliccnco, in_ 

f'lf"ll"1t'!H1 

~~-'-;1..J.:!....;.::..'d~..:.~.- +!'lt1 f"\7"'! •·]i '-h thn .1._..,.._,, D1PCCt01"' - - of' ~.. t11c ;..,,......, ~' r>t·1011~1 - .... u,,_ .. J. Pr.connr"l1°- .. -..... ;,.,t .... ~- u 

nance Office, should review and establish appropriate 

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security rcstrictionn on camerns and other sens!ng npp3rntus D.!:.d cquipr::c:nt 'l:Jh"lcl1 ~nn be :L.;::idc nvn:Unble for ?!AS_'\' n pro::;:>~ ::i 

of non-military npplicationn of ~atcllite c2rtj-~c~8in~. 

It is recognized tho.t oub3tnntial co~'c.rt~2::.~ali=~tio~ tlill 

pro2o.'.:>ly l:.::>.vc to rcr..;::i:1..n, but t'.10 r:.o::.-oll:l.t22~y pro,'.:;::'C.!".'-3 

s2ould be enabled to p~ofit from rclcvnnt nchicvc~~nts of tl:.~ n1litary procro.n 'co the c::tcn'c fccalblc. 

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