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C£PARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE 

OFFI~E OF THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY 

MEMORANDUM 

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A5J NATIONAL RECONNAISSANCE OFFICE 

WASHINGTON, D.C. 

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THE NRO STAFF 

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27 July 1967 

MEMORANDUM FOR ~ JtH/{' 

SUBJECT: RAND and the NRO 

PROBLEM: 

How should RAND help the NRO? 

BACKGROUND: 

Bruno Augenstein joined RAND recently as Vice President for 

Research. He has expressed an interest in developing an organized 

capability at RAND to work in the NRO area of interest. He has 

made overtures to Lew Allen, at SAFSP, and to us, through Merton 

Davies. 

, There are several RAND people wht> have' one or mo1-e BYEMAN 

clearances: Henry Rowen, Bruno Augenstein, Amrom Katz, Merton 

Davies, Charles Heffern, and Bob Perry. Rowen was cleared recently 

to (1) assist us in controlling periodic ventures by his uncleared staff 

into our province (he has been most cooperative) and (2) help him 

understand our use of his cleared people as consultants, from time to 

time. Amrom Katz and Merton Davies have both served as consultants 

to SAFSP, with more activity in 1961-1964 than recently. Charles 

Heffern is in residence with AFNIN for a year. Bob Perry is the NRO 

Historian. Bruno just joined RAND. 

PRESENT STATUS: 

Merton Davies plans to see you tomorrow to discuss a study proposal (see Attachment A), "Mapping the World with Overhead Photography". He is actually somewhat lukewarm to this proposal but has 

prepared it in response to Bruno Augenstein's direction. Davies will 

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be able to give more detail, but not much more, than appears in the 

attachme nt. 

ALTERNATIVES: 

1. Approve an organized capability to assist the NRO at RAND. 

a. Advantages. 

(1) RAND is a good quick response source of skilled 

talent for military studies. 

(2) Bruno Augenstein would manage any assignment with 

enthusiasm and keen personal interest. 

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(3) The BYEMAN security system would offer some protection against the usual RAND compulsion to publish frequently and 

widely. 

b. Disadvantages. 

(1) The leader of an NRO-oriented RAND activity will 

press for a steadily growing staff. New BYEMAN! TKH clearances 

will be required. 

(2) We know from experience that the leader will also 

press for a BYEMAN/TKH storage vault. 

(3) Having set up a black facility and a cleared payroll, 

RAND will become one more hungry mouth to feed. 

(4) We actually have very few studies which we could 

conscientiously give to RAND. 

(5) Other DOD organizations, like the Air Force and 

DDR&E, would be tempted to set up their own BYEMAN -type studies 

with RAND in order to "help" the NRO. 

2. Advise RAND that we are very pleased with the present 

arrangeme nt and want to continue it 

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a. Advantages. 

(1) The present arrangement - which gives us easy 

access to consultative services - is indeed excellent. 

(2) The present arrangement controls and regulates 

RAND's activity in BYEMAN-type studies. 

(3) The present arrangement is what SAFSP desires to 

retain. 

b. Disadvantages. 

(1) None as far as I can see. 

RECOMMENDATION: 

I recommend that you advise Merton Davies that the pre sent 

Rowen-Augenstein-Katz-Davies -Heffern-Perry team and arrangement is optimal to our needs. You may wish to consider placing 

Bruno Augenstein on a study group-or giving him a personal consultative assignment in the near future. Over the long run, there 

should also be a role for him on the FlAB or the Land Panel. 

~, PAUL E. WORTHMAN 

Colonel, USAF 

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Study Proposal--Draft 

MAPPING THE WORLD WITH OVERHEAD PHOTOGRAPHY 

This study will examine the technical problem of taking photographs 

from aircraft and satellites and the political problem of negotiating 

with foreign nations for the production of maps of their countries. 

Various methods of exploiting the photographs will be examined. The 

photographs might be given or sold to the country involved for use in 

producing their own maps, or there might be joint participation in the 

production of the maps, or the U.S. might produce the maps and sell the 

end product to the foreign country. 

Less than one-half of the world is adequately mapped. The lessdeveloped nations are the worst off due to poor transportation and communication. Photography and maps will be needed to plan and develop 

new transportation systems and will be useful in the search for and 

exploitation of natural resources. The photographs will also be used 

to update charts of regions which have already been mapped. 

The technical portion of the study will discuss cameras, aircraft 

and satellite possibilities, various aircraft mission profiles, orbits 

and satellite operations, and costs associated with the collection of 

the photographs. There will be a study of various maps and cartographic 

products, their method of production, and resulting costs. Another section will deal with past bilateral mapping agreements and suggestions 

for potential future arrangements for the production of maps from overhead 

photography. 

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