T hi s di s pos i t i on i s notappr opr i a t e f orpubl i c a t i on and i s notpr e c e de nt * e xc e pta s pr ovi de d by 9th C i r . R . 36- 3. NOT F OR P UB L I CAT I ON UN I TE D STATE S C OU RT OF APPE ALS FOR T HE NI NTH CI RC UI T C I T Y O F C O L T O N , aC a lif o rn ia m uni c i pa l c orpor a t i on, P l ai nt i ff

- A pp el l ee , v. A M ERI CA N PRO M O TI O N A L EV EN TS, I N C . - W E S T ; e t a l., D efen d an t s, P Y R O T R O N I C S C O R P .; e t a l., D efen d an t s, a nd P Y R O S P E C T A C U L A R S , I N C ., D e f

e n d a n t - A p p e lla n t, v. UN I T E D S T AT E S DE P AR T ME NT OF DEFE NSE, T h ir d - p a rty - d e f e n d a n t - N o. 06- 56727

D . C. N o . CV - 0 5 - 0 1 4 7 9 - J FW ME MOR AN DU M * 

# FI LED AU G 02 2010 M OLLY C. DW Y ER, CLERK U . S. C O U R T OF APPE ALSA pp el l ee .

C I T Y O F C O L T O N , aC a lif o rn ia m uni c i pa l c orpor a t i on, P l ai nt i ff

- A pp el l ee , v. A M ERI CA N PRO M O TI O N A L EV EN TS, I N C . - W E S T ; e t a l., D efen d an t s, K W I K S E T L O C K S , I N C .; e t a l., D efen d an t s, a nd GO OD R I C H C OR P OR AT I ON , D e f

e n d a n t - A p p e lla n t, v. UN I T E D S T AT E S DE P AR T ME NT OF DEFE NSE, T h ir d - p a rty - d e f e n d a n t - A pp el l ee . N o. 07- 55027 D . C. N o . CV - 0 5 - 0 1 4 7 9 - J FW

A pp ea l fr om the U ni t ed S t at es D i stri ctC ou rt f o rth e C e n tr a l D is tr ic t o f C a lif o rn ia J ohn F . W a l t e r , D i s tr i c tJ udge , P r e s i di ngT he C i ty of C ol t on’ s appe a l i n N o. 06- 56718 i s a ddr e s s e d i n a n opi ni on 1 f i l e d c onc urr e nt l y w i th thi s m e m or a ndum di s pos i t i on. 3 A r gue d a nd S ubm i tt e d J a nua ry 11, 2010

P a s a d e n a , C a lif

o rn ia B efo re: G O O D W IN , C A N B Y , an d O ’ S C A N N L A IN , C i rcu i tJu d g es. G oo dri ch C orpo ra t i on (“ G oo dri ch”) and P yr o S pect ac ul ar s, Inc. (“ P S I” ) cro ss-ap p eal fro m th e d i sm i ssal o f th ei r co u n t ercl ai m s an d cro ss-cl ai m s fo r co st re coveryun der s ec t i on 10 7(a) of the C om prehensi ve E nv i ronm ent al R es po nse, C om pe ns a t i on, a nd L i abi l i ty A c tof 1980 ( “ C E R C L A ” ) , 42 U . S . C . § 9607( a ) . T he 1 fact s are k n o w n t o th e p art i es, an d w e d o n o trep eatth em h ere ex cep tas n ecessary. I W e r ej ec tthe cont ent i on thatthe cr oss- appeal s are m oo tbecause G oo dri ch a n d P S I h a v e a s s e rte d s im ila rc o s t r e c o v e ry c la im s in s u b s e q u e n t p r o c e e d in g s . “T h e m e r e p e n d e n c y o f p a r a lle l a c tio n s s e e k in g th e s a m e r e lie f d o e s n o t o f

its e lf m o o t e ith e ra c tio n .” 1 3 A C h a r le s A la n W r ig h t e t a l., FederalP ract i ce & P ro cedu re § 3 53 3. 2. 1 (3d ed. 20 09 ). II T h e d i stri ctco u rth el d th atG o o d ri ch an d P S I d i d n o tp l ead cl ai m s fo r co st re covery , bu tra ther f

or contri bu t i on on l y. E ven i f G oo dri ch capt i on ed i t s c l ai m s a s4

for c on tri bu t i on on l y, i ti s the subst ance of the cl ai m ra ther than the capt i on that c o n tr o ls . See N

ei gh bo rs of

C uddy Mou ntai n v. A lex an der , 3 0 3 F .3 d 1 0 5 9 , 1 0 6 4 n .2 ( 9 th C ir . 2 0 0 2 ) . G o o d r ic h a lle g e d n o t o n ly a ll o f th e e le m e n ts o f

ap r im af

a c ie c la im f o rc o s t r e c o v e ry , s e e C ars on H ar borV i l lage , L td. v . U

noc al C or p. , 270 F . 3d 86 3, 87 0-71 (9th C i r. 20 01 ) ( en banc), bu tal so suff i ci entfa ct s t o p rovi de “ general no t i ce of the nature of the C E R C L A cl ai m , ” A s c on P r ops . , I nc . v . Mobi l

O i l C o. , 866 F . 2d 1149, 1156 ( 9th C i r . 1989) . F ur the rm or e , G oodr i c h’ s pl e a di ngs sp eci fi cal l y so u g h t“ rei m b u rsem en t. . . fo r al l resp o n se co st s” as w el l as “ co st re covery. . . for pas tand future r es po nse c ost s. ” W e are thu s s at i sf i ed that G o o d r ic h a d e q u a te ly p le d c la im s u n d e rs e c tio n 1 0 7 ( a ) . A l th o u g h P S I d i d n o tseekt o reco v er i t s resp o n se co st s i n i t s cro sscom pl ai nt , the part i es st i pu l at ed i n C as e M anagem entO rder2 that“ [e ] ac h de f e nda nt. . . i s de e m e d t o a s s e rtc r os s - c l a i m s unde rC E R C L A s e c . 107( a ) f or re spon se cost s . . . agai nstea ch se para t el y r epre se nt ed defendant . ” T hi s pre tri al or de r“ c ontr ol s the c our s e of the a c t i on, ” F e d. R . C i v. P . 16( d) , a nd i s bi ndi ng on th e p a rtie s , D r e a m G a m e s o f A r iz ., I n c . v . P CO n s ite , 56 1 F . 3d 98 3, 99 6 (9th C i r. 20 09 ). M oreover, P S I’ s c ross -c om pl ai ntal l eged al l of the neces saryel em ent s of a pri m a f ac i e s ec t i on 10 7(a) cl ai m as w el l as suff i ci entfa ct s t o p utthe otherBo th G o o d r i c h a n d PSI a g r e e th a tth e y a s s e rt e d n o c o s tr e c o v e ry c l a i ms 2 agai nstthe U ni t ed S t at es D epartm entof D ef ense , w hi ch i s there fore no ta proper p a rty to th is ap p e a l. 5 defe nd ant s on n ot i ce of the nature of the cl ai m . C on se qu ent l y, w e are sa t i sf i ed that P S I a ss ert ed cl ai m s und erse ct i on 10 7(a) . 2 II I T he di stri ctcourtal so hel d thatt o the ext entG oo dri ch al l eged cl ai m s und er sect i o n 1 0 7 (a), i td i d so so l el y t o effectuate i t s cl ai m s fo r co n tri b u t i o n . In so hol di ng, the di s tr i c tc ourtr e l i e d upon P i nal Cr e e k G r oup v . N

e w m ont Mi ni ng C or p. , i n w h i ch w e h el d th at“ a cl ai m b y o n e P R P [p o t en t i al l y resp o n si b l e p arty] a ga i ns ta nothe rP R P ne c e s s a r i l y i s f orc ontr i but i on, ” a nd tha ts e c t i ons 107 a nd 113 w ork t oge the rt o “ pr ovi de a nd r e gul a t e aP R P ’ s r i ghtt o c l a i m c ontr i but i on f r om o th e rP R P s .” 1 1 8 F .3 d 1 2 9 8 , 1 3 0 1 ( 9 th C ir . 1 9 9 7 ) . S ub se qu entt o the di stri ctcourt ’ s dec i si on , the S up re m e C ou rtcl ar i fi ed that

“ §§ 107( a ) a nd 113( f

) pr ovi de tw o c l e a r l y di s t i nc tr e m e di e s , ” the f orm e rf or r e c ove ry of

c l e a n- up c os t s i nc urr e d by apr i va t e pa rty , a nd the l a tt e rf or c o n tr ib u tio n “u p o n a n in e q u itab le d is tr ib u tio n o f c o m m o n liab ility a m o n g liab le part i es . ” U

ni te d State s v . A t l . R e s e ar c h C or p. , 551 U . S . 128, 138- 39 ( 2007) ( i nt e rna l quot a t i on m a rks om i tt e d) . A c c or di ngl y , w e ove rrul e d P i na l Cre ek ’s h o ld in g th a t a n a c tio n b e tw e e n P R P s is n e c e s s a r ily f o rc o n tr ib u tio n . Kotrous v.In li g h t o f th e f o re g o in g , w e n ee d n o t co n sid erw h eth erth e d istrict co u rt’s 3 di sm i ss al of these cl ai m s w as procedural l y i m prop er . 6 G oss-Je w et t

C o. of N . C al . , Inc. , 52 3 F . 3d 92 4, 93 3 (9th C i r. 20 08 ). W e e xp l ai ned that“ [u] nd er A t lan t i c R es earc h , aP R P . . . tha ti nc ur s c os t s vol unt a r i l y , w i thout ha vi ng be e n s ubj e c tt o a n a c t i on unde r§ 106 or§ 107, m a y br i ng as ui tf or re coveryof i t s c ost s und er§ 1 07 (a ). ” I d. In l i gh tof A t lan t i c R es earc h a nd Kotr ous , w e c o n clu d e th at b o th G o o d rich ’s a n d P S I ’s s e c tio n 1 0 7 ( a ) c o u n te r c la im s a n d c r o s s - c la im s f o rc o s t r e c o v e ry s h o u ld h a v e s u rv iv e d th e d is tr ic t c o u rt’s g r a n t o f s u m m a ry ju d g m e n t o n C o lto n ’s c la im s . W e there fore vaca t e the order of the di stri ctcourtt o the ext entthati tdi sm i ss es G o o d r ic h ’s a n dP S I ’s s e c tio n 1 0 7 ( a ) c la im s . O n r e m a n d , th e d is tr ic t c o u rt s h a ll 3 c o n s id e rth e m e r its o f

th e s e c la im s in th e f

ir s t in s ta n c e . V AC AT E D a n d RE MAND E D.