6132 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 4, 2015 / Notices 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in 

this notice are the sole responsibility of 

the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the Native 

American cultural items. The National 

Park Service is not responsible for the 

determinations in this notice. 

History and Description of the Cultural 

Items 

In 1933, Drs. Kaj Birket-Smith and 

Frederica de Laguna performed 

archeological survey and excavations in 

Prince William Sound, AK, under the 

auspices of University of Pennsylvania 

Museum and the Danish National 

Museum. The University of 

Pennsylvania Museum and the Danish 

National Museum transferred objects 

from the expedition to the Burke 

Museum in 1935. There was no archival 

documentation included with the 

transferred materials. In 2011, it was 

brought to the Burke Museum’s 

attention that these objects could be 

funerary objects. During tribal 

consultation, it was brought to the 

Burke Museum’s attention that two of 

these sites, 49–COR–001 and 49–SEW– 

048, were located on Chugach Forest 

Service land at the time of excavation. 

Site 49–COR–001 has since been 

patented to the Chugach Alaska 

Corporation. 

In 1933, cultural items were removed 

from 49–COR–001 during systematic 

excavations in Prince William Sound, 

AK, by Drs. Kaj Birket-Smith and 

Frederica de Laguna. Based on 

archeological records and reports, 12 of 

the transferred cultural items were 

found to be in close proximity to known 

burials, or were identified through 

consultation as typical funerary objects. 

The 12 unassociated funerary objects 

are: 1 grinding stone, 2 slate awls, 1 

bone harpoon point, 1 bird bone awl, 2 

bird bone tubes, 1 bird bone tool, 1 

modified bird bone fragment, 1 

unmodified bear tooth, 1 lot of shell 

beads, and 1 bone bead. 

Site 49–COR–001 was a main village 

for one of the eight original Chugach 

tribes (de Laguna 1956). Ethnographic 

evidence indicates that 49–COR–001 is 

ancestral to the present day Chugach 

villages. Additionally, oral tradition and 

ethnographic information presented 

during consultation supports this 

affiliation with the Chugach villages. 

In 1933, cultural items removed from 

49–SEW–048 during systematic 

excavations in Prince William Sound, 

AK, by Drs. Kaj Birket-Smith and 

Frederica de Laguna were placed in the 

Burke Museum. The unassociated 

funerary object is one canoe, which is 

currently in 12 pieces. 

Site 49–SEW–048 is in the territory of 

the Kiniklik people (de Laguna 1956). 

Edmond Meany, who had previously 

worked in the area, noted that canoes 

were traditionally placed with the 

remains as part of burial practices (de 

Laguna 1956). Archeological evidence 

indicates that 49–SEW–048 is ancestral 

to the present day Chugach villages. 

Additionally, oral tradition and 

ethnographic information presented 

during consultation supports this 

affiliation with the Chugach villages. 

Archeological data, ethnographic 

information, and oral tradition all 

support these sites being ancestral to the 

present-day Chugach villages of the 

Native Village of Eyak (Cordova), the 

Native Village of Chenega (aka 

Chanega), and the Native Village of 

Tatitlek. 

Determinations Made by the Chugach 

National Forest and the Burke Museum 

Officials of the Chugach National 

Forest and the Burke Museum have 

determined that: 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(B), 

the 13 cultural items described above 

are reasonably believed to have been 

placed with or near individual human 

remains at the time of death or later as 

part of the death rite or ceremony and 

are believed, by a preponderance of the 

evidence, to have been removed from a 

specific burial site of a Native American 

individual. 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there 

is a relationship of shared group 

identity that can be reasonably traced 

between the unassociated funerary 

objects and the Native Village of Eyak 

(Cordova), the Native Village of Chenega 

(aka Chanega), and the Native Village of 

Tatitlek. 

Additional Requestors and Disposition 

Lineal descendants or representatives 

of any Indian tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization not identified in this notice 

that wish to claim these cultural items 

should submit a written request with 

information in support of the claim to 

Terri Marceron, Chugach National 

Forest, 161 East 1st Ave., Door 8, 

Anchorage, AK 99501, telephone (907) 

743–9525, email tmarceron@fs.fed.us, 

by March 6, 2015. After that date, if no 

additional claimants have come 

forward, transfer of control of the 

unassociated funerary objects to the 

Native Village of Eyak (Cordova), the 

Native Village of Chenega (aka 

Chanega), and the Native Village of 

Tatitlek may proceed. By signed 

delegated authority, and on behalf of the 

Native Village of Eyak, the Native 

Village of Chenega, and the Native 

Village of Tatitlek, items will be 

repatriated through the Chugach Alaska 

Corporation. 

The Chugach National Forest is 

responsible for notifying the Native 

Village of Eyak (Cordova), the Native 

Village of Chenega (aka Chanega), and 

the Native Village of Tatitlek that this 

notice has been published. 

Dated: January 14, 2015. 

Melanie O’Brien, 

Acting Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. 2015–02223 Filed 2–3–15; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–50–P 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

[NPS–WASO–NAGPRA–17403: 

PPWOCRADN0–PCU00RP14.R50000] 

Notice of Intent to Repatriate Cultural 

Items: California State University, 

Sacramento, Sacramento, CA 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: California State University, 

Sacramento, in consultation with the 

appropriate Indian tribes or Native 

Hawaiian organizations, has determined 

that the cultural items listed in this 

notice meet the definition of 

unassociated funerary objects. Lineal 

descendants or representatives of any 

Indian tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization not identified in this notice 

that wish to claim these cultural items 

should submit a written request to 

California State University, Sacramento. 

If no additional claimants come 

forward, transfer of control of the 

cultural items to the lineal descendants, 

Indian tribes, or Native Hawaiian 

organizations stated in this notice may 

proceed. 

DATES: Lineal descendants or 

representatives of any Indian tribe or 

Native Hawaiian organization not 

identified in this notice that wish to 

claim these cultural items should 

submit a written request with 

information in support of the claim to 

California State University, Sacramento 

at the address in this notice by March 

6, 2015. 

ADDRESSES: Orn Bodvarsson, Dean of 

the College of Social Sciences and 

Interdisciplinary Studies, CSUS, 6000 J 

Street, Sacramento, CA 95819–6109, 

telephone (916) 278–4864, email 

obbodvarsson@csus.edu. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is 

here given in accordance with the 

Native American Graves Protection and 

Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 

3005, of the intent to repatriate cultural 

mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with NOTICES

Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 4, 2015 / Notices 6133 

items under the control of California 

State University, Sacramento that meet 

the definition of unassociated funerary 

objects under 25 U.S.C. 3001. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in 

this notice are the sole responsibility of 

the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the Native 

American cultural items. The National 

Park Service is not responsible for the 

determinations in this notice. 

History and Description of the Cultural 

Items 

Sometime during the 1920s and 

1930s, 20 unassociated funerary objects 

were removed from CA–SAC–006 (also 

known as Johnson Mound), located 

approximately 1.3 miles west of the 

Cosumnes River and 5.5 miles northeast 

of the intersection of the Mokelumne 

and Cosumnes Rivers in southern 

Sacramento County, CA. The 

unassociated funerary objects were in 

the possession of Anthony Zallio, a 

private collector, who posthumously 

donated his collection in 1951 to the 

Department of Anthropology at 

Sacramento State College, CA (now 

California State University, 

Sacramento). The 20 unassociated 

funerary objects are two lots of charred 

basketry, one lot of charred seeds, and 

17 lots of baked clay. 

Archeological data suggests 

occupation occurred at the site as early 

as the Middle Horizon with historic 

occupation occurring until the Sutter 

Period. Ethnographic and historic data 

suggests that this site was once the 

tribelet center for the Consomne Plains 

Miwok. Historic records indicate that 

the site was attacked by the Spanish in 

1820 with conflicts occurring with the 

Mexicans in 1826. Ethnohistoric records 

indicate that the Consomne eventually 

banded together in defense with other 

Plains Miwok groups, such as the 

Ylamne and Sisumne, who collectively 

led a series of uprisings against pioneer 

John Sutter in the 1840s. Eventually the 

Consomne abandoned the village site at 

CA–SAC–006 in 1844 to relocate to 

Sutter’s New Helvetia (Sutter’s Fort). 

Sometime during the 1920s and 

1930s, 10 unassociated funerary objects 

were removed from CA–SAC–021 (also 

known as Hollister, Allister, or S–29), 

located immediately adjacent to 

Snodgrass Slough, approximately 1.3 

miles southeast of the intersection of 

Snodgrass Slough and the Sacramento 

River, in southwest Sacramento County, 

CA. The unassociated funerary objects 

were in the possession of Anthony 

Zallio, a private collector, who 

posthumously donated his collection in 

1951 to the Department of Anthropology 

at Sacramento State College, CA (now 

California State University, 

Sacramento). The 10 unassociated 

funerary objects are four stone drills, 

one bone awl, three Haliotis shell 

ornaments, and two bone harpoons. 

Archeological evidence suggests 

occupation at the site occurred during 

the Middle Horizon through Phase 1 of 

the Late Horizon. The site location 

places CA–SAC–021 in the aboriginal 

territory of the Plains Miwok. 

Sometime during the 1920s and 

1930s, one unassociated funerary object 

was removed from CA–SAC–056 (also 

known as Mosher, Mosler, Hathaway 

No. 1, and S–56), located on the east 

bank of the Sacramento River near Stone 

Lake, approximately thirteen miles 

south of the confluence of the American 

and Sacramento Rivers, in southwest 

Sacramento County, CA. The 

unassociated funerary objects were in 

the possession of Anthony Zallio, a 

private collector, who posthumously 

donated his collection in 1951 to the 

Department of Anthropology at 

Sacramento State College, CA (now 

California State University, 

Sacramento). The one unassociated 

funerary object is a small charred 

Olivella bead. 

Archeological evidence suggests 

occupation at the village occurred as 

early as Phase 1 of the Late Horizon. 

Archeological and ethnographic records 

indicate that the site may be Walak, a 

tribelet center for the Gualacomne 

Plains Miwok. The site was occupied 

historically between the Mission Period 

and early Sutter Period from 1769–1845. 

Mission records indicate that 67 

individuals were baptized from this site, 

and historical records note Walak as the 

first Native American village visited by 

pioneer John Sutter. 

Sometime during the 1920s and 

1930s, two unassociated funerary 

objects were removed from CA–SAC– 

066 (also known as Morse Mound). The 

two unassociated funerary objects may 

represent bone hair pins or pendants. 

The unassociated funerary objects were 

in the possession of Anthony Zallio, a 

private collector, who posthumously 

donated his collection in 1951 to the 

Department of Anthropology at 

Sacramento State College, CA (now 

California State University, 

Sacramento). CA–SAC–066 is located 

within the aboriginal territory of the 

Plains Miwok. 

Sometime during the 1920s and 

1930s, 51 unassociated funerary objects 

were removed from CA–SAC–072 or 

CA–SAC–073 (also known as Herzog, 

Van Lobensels, or Vorden), located on 

the west bank of Snodgrass Slough in 

southwest Sacramento County, CA. The 

unassociated funerary objects were in 

the possession of Anthony Zallio, a 

private collector, who posthumously 

donated his collection in 1951 to the 

Department of Anthropology at 

Sacramento State College, CA (now 

California State University, 

Sacramento). The 51 unassociated 

funerary objects are seven Haliotis shell 

ornaments, five charmstones, 17 

whistles, six awls, two bone tubes, one 

modified antler, four modified bones, 

four possible bird bone whistle 

fragments, one biface, one pestle, and 

three lots of Olivella shell beads. 

Archeological data suggests 

occupation occurring at CA–SAC–072 

during Phase 2 of the Late Horizon, and 

occupation at CA–SAC–73 occurring 

sometime during the Middle Horizon. 

The site locations place CA–SAC–072 

and CA–SAC–73 within the aboriginal 

territory of the Plains Miwok Indians. 

Sometime during the 1920s and 

1930s, four unassociated funerary 

objects were removed from CA–SAC– 

109 (also known as Drescher, C–109), 

located 3.5 miles southeast of Elk Grove 

in central Sacramento County, CA. The 

unassociated funerary objects were in 

the possession of Anthony Zallio, a 

private collector, who posthumously 

donated his collection in 1951 to the 

Department of Anthropology at 

Sacramento State College, CA (now 

California State University, 

Sacramento). The four unassociated 

funerary objects are slate projectile 

points. 

Archeological evidence indicates that 

occupation occurred at the site from the 

Middle to Late Horizon. The site 

location places CA–SAC–109 within the 

aboriginal territory of the Plains Miwok 

Indians. 

Sometime during the 1920s and 

1930s, one unassociated funerary object 

was removed from CA–SAC–113 (also 

known as Calhoun #1, Calquehoun, or 

C–113), located on private property on 

the west bank of the Cosumnes River, 

east of Elk Grove in Sacramento County, 

CA. The unassociated funerary object 

was in the possession of Anthony 

Zallio, a private collector, who 

posthumously donated his collection in 

1951 to the Department of Anthropology 

at Sacramento State College, CA (now 

California State University, 

Sacramento). The unassociated funerary 

object is one modified bone bead. 

This site may represent Sukididi, a 

subsidiary settlement for the 

Shalachmushumne Plains Miwok. It is 

believed that the village was abandoned 

after the 1833 malaria epidemic. A 

known archeological historic 

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6134 Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 4, 2015 / Notices 

component is not present at the site, and 

the association with Sukididi has not 

been verified. Archeological data from 

the site indicate that it was occupied 

during Phase 2 of the Late Horizon. 

Sometime during the 1920s and 

1930s, 54 unassociated funerary objects 

were removed from CA–YOL–045 (also 

known as Indian Head or Holy Ghost), 

located on the west bank of the 

Sacramento River, approximately 8.75 

miles due south of the confluence of the 

American and Sacramento Rivers, in 

southeast Yolo County, CA. The 

unassociated funerary objects were in 

the possession of Anthony Zallio, a 

private collector, who posthumously 

donated his collection in 1951 to the 

Department of Anthropology at 

Sacramento State College, CA (now 

California State University, 

Sacramento). The 54 unassociated 

funerary objects are one sandstone 

abrader, one incised baked clay, one lot 

of charred textile ash, six bone awls, 

three lots of Olivella shell beads, three 

lots of clamshell beads, three obsidian 

bifaces, one charmstone, one whole 

clamshell, 11 Haliotis ornaments, one 

obsidian projectile point, one lot of 

charred seeds, 15 charred textile 

fragments, three modified bone tools, 

one incised bird bone tube, and two bird 

bone whistles. 

CA–YOL–045 is located within the 

aboriginal territory of the Plains Miwok. 

Archeological data indicates occupation 

occurred during Phase 1 of the Late 

Horizon. 

Sometime during the 1920s and 

1930s, 11 unassociated funerary objects 

were removed from CA–YOL–053 (also 

known as the Frank King Mound), 

located on private property on the west 

bank of Elk Slough 2.5 miles southwest 

of Clarksburg in Yolo County, CA. The 

unassociated funerary objects were in 

the possession of Anthony Zallio, a 

private collector, who posthumously 

donated his collection in 1951 to the 

Department of Anthropology at 

Sacramento State College, CA (now 

California State University, 

Sacramento). The 11 unassociated 

funerary objects are one lot of clam shell 

beads, one biface, one lot of 

miscellaneous organic remains, one lot 

of small glass fragments, one Haliotis 

shell ornament, and six lots of charred 

textile fragments. 

Ethnographic evidence indicates that 

CA–YOL–053 may have been the 

tribelet center for the Ylamne Plains 

Miwok. Earliest known occupation 

occurred from Phase 2 of the Early 

Horizon and lasted until the Late 

Mission Period from 1769 to 1839. The 

site is believed to have been abandoned 

after the 1833 malaria epidemic with 

survivors shifting residence to 

neighboring tribelets and Mission San 

Jose. 

Sometime during the 1920s and 

1930s, nine unassociated funerary 

objects were removed from CA–YOL– 

054 (also known as Farren Mound), 

located on the west bank of Elk Slough, 

approximately five miles southwest of 

Clarksburg, in southeast Yolo County, 

CA. The unassociated funerary objects 

were in the possession of Anthony 

Zallio, a private collector, who 

posthumously donated his collection in 

1951 to the Department of Anthropology 

at Sacramento State College, CA (now 

California State University, 

Sacramento). The nine unassociated 

funerary objects are one lot clamshell 

beads, two lots of Olivella shell beads, 

and six lots of charred textile fragments. 

CA–YOL–54 is believed to be 

associated with the Plains Miwok 

village of Siusumne. This association is 

based on CA–YOL–54 being the only 

site in the vicinity of Siusumne lacking 

a village name and being of significant 

size, which is typical of a tribelet center. 

Archeological evidence indicates that 

the lower Sacramento Valley and Delta 

regions were continuously occupied 

since at least the Early Horizon (5550– 

550 B.C.). Cultural changes indicated by 

artifact typologies and burial patterns, 

historical linguistic evidence, and 

biological evidence reveal that the 

populations in the region were not 

static, with both in situ cultural changes 

and migrations of outside populations 

into the area. Linguistic evidence 

suggests that ancestral-Penutian 

speaking groups related to modern day 

Miwok, Nisenan, and Patwin groups 

occupied the region during the Middle 

(550 B.C.–A.D. 1100) and Late (A.D. 

1100–Historic) Horizons, with some 

admixing between these groups and 

Hokan-speaking groups that occupied 

the region at an earlier date. The genetic 

data suggests that the Penutians may 

have arrived later than suggested by the 

linguistics. 

Geographical data from ethnohistoric 

and ethnographic sources indicate that 

the site was most likely occupied by 

Plains Miwok-speaking groups at the 

beginning of the historic period, while 

Patwin-speakers occupied the valley 

west of the Sacramento River and 

Miwok-speakers resided south of the 

American River. Ethnographic data and 

expert testimony from Tribes support 

the high level of interaction between 

groups in the lower Sacramento Valley 

and Delta regions that crosscut 

linguistic boundaries. Historic 

population movements resulted in an 

increased level of shifting among 

populations, especially among the 

Miwok and Nisenan who were impacted 

by disease and Euro-American activities 

relating to Sutter’s Fort and later goldrush activities. 

In summary, the ethnographic, 

historical, and geographical evidence 

indicates that the cultural items listed 

above are most closely affiliated with 

contemporary descendants of the Plains 

Miwok with more distant ties to 

neighboring groups, such as the 

Nisenan, Patwin, and Yokuts. The 

earlier cultural items from the Middle 

and Late Horizons share cultural 

relations with the Plains Miwok, 

Nisenan, Patwin, and Yokuts based on 

archeological, biological, and historical 

linguistic evidence. 

Determinations Made by the California 

State University, Sacramento 

Officials of California State 

University, Sacramento have 

determined that: 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(3)(B), 

the 163 cultural items described above 

are reasonably believed to have been 

placed with or near individual human 

remains at the time of death or later as 

part of the death rite or ceremony and 

are believed, by a preponderance of the 

evidence, to have been removed from a 

specific burial site of a Native American 

individual. 

• Pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 3001(2), there 

is a relationship of shared group 

identity that can be reasonably traced 

between the unassociated funerary 

objects to Buena Vista Rancheria of MeWuk Indians of California; California 

Valley Miwok Tribe, California; Chicken 

Ranch Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians of 

California; Ione Band of Miwok Indians 

of California; Jackson Rancheria of MeWuk Indians of California; Shingle 

Springs Band of Miwok Indians, Shingle 

Springs Rancheria (Verona Tract), 

California; Tuolumne Band of Me-Wuk 

Indians of the Tuolumne Rancheria of 

California, Wilton Rancheria, California; 

United Auburn Indian Community of 

the Auburn Rancheria of California; and 

two non-Federally recognized Native 

American groups: El Dorado Miwok 

Rancheria; and Nashville-Eldorado 

Miwok (if joined to the request of one 

or more of the foregoing Indian tribes). 

Additional Requestors and Disposition 

Lineal descendants or representatives 

of any Indian tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization not identified in this notice 

that wish to claim these cultural items 

should submit a written request with 

information in support of the claim to 

Orn Bodvarsson, Dean of the College of 

Social Sciences and Interdisciplinary 

Studies, CSUS, 6000 J Street, 

Sacramento, CA 95819–6109, telephone 

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Federal Register / Vol. 80, No. 23 / Wednesday, February 4, 2015 / Notices 6135 

(916) 278–4864, email obbodvarsson@

csus.edu, by March 6, 2015. After that 

date, if no additional claimants have 

come forward, transfer of control of the 

unassociated funerary objects to Buena 

Vista Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians of 

California; California Valley Miwok 

Tribe, California; Chicken Ranch 

Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians of 

California; Ione Band of Miwok Indians 

of California; Jackson Rancheria of MeWuk Indians of California; Shingle 

Springs Band of Miwok Indians, Shingle 

Springs Rancheria (Verona Tract), 

California; Tuolumne Band of Me-Wuk 

Indians of the Tuolumne Rancheria of 

California, Wilton Rancheria, California; 

United Auburn Indian Community of 

the Auburn Rancheria of California; and 

two non-Federally recognized Native 

American groups: El Dorado Miwok 

Rancheria; and Nashville-Eldorado 

Miwok (if joined to the request of one 

or more of the foregoing Indian tribes) 

may proceed. 

California State University, 

Sacramento is responsible for notifying 

the Buena Vista Rancheria of Me-Wuk 

Indians of California; Cachil DeHe Band 

of Wintun Indians of the Colusa Indian 

Community of the Colusa Rancheria, 

California; California Valley Miwok 

Tribe, California; Chicken Ranch 

Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians of 

California; Cortina Indian Rancheria of 

Wintun Indians of California; Ione Band 

of Miwok Indians of California; Jackson 

Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians of 

California; Picayune Rancheria of 

Chukchansi Indians of California; Santa 

Rosa Indian Community of the Santa 

Rosa Rancheria, California; Shingle 

Springs Band of Miwok Indians, Shingle 

Springs Rancheria (Verona Tract), 

California; Susanville Indian Rancheria, 

California, Table Mountain Rancheria of 

California; Tule River Indian Tribe of 

the Tule River Reservation, California; 

Tuolumne Band of Me-Wuk Indians of 

the Tuolumne Rancheria of California; 

United Auburn Indian Community of 

the Auburn Rancheria of California; 

Wilton Rancheria, California; Wiyot 

Tribe, California (previously listed as 

the Table Bluff Reservation-Wiyot 

Tribe); and Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation, 

California (previously listed as the 

Rumsey Indian Rancheria of Wintun 

Indians of California) that this notice 

has been published. California State 

University, Sacramento will also notify 

El Dorado Miwok Rancheria; and 

Nashville-Eldorado Miwok, two nonfederally recognized Native American 

groups. 

Dated: December 29, 2014. 

Melanie O’Brien, 

Acting Manager, National NAGPRA Program. 

[FR Doc. 2015–02182 Filed 2–3–15; 8:45 am] 

BILLING CODE 4312–50–P 

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 

National Park Service 

[NPS–WASO–NAGPRA–17467; 

PPWOCRADN0–PCU00RP14.R50000] 

Notice of Intent To Repatriate Cultural 

Items: Denver Museum of Nature & 

Science, Denver, CO 

AGENCY: National Park Service, Interior. 

ACTION: Notice. 

SUMMARY: The Denver Museum of 

Nature & Science, in consultation with 

the appropriate Indian tribes or Native 

Hawaiian organizations, has determined 

that the cultural items listed in this 

notice meet the definition of 

unassociated funerary objects. Lineal 

descendants or representatives of any 

Indian tribe or Native Hawaiian 

organization not identified in this notice 

that wish to claim these cultural items 

should submit a written request to the 

Denver Museum of Nature & Science. If 

no additional claimants come forward, 

transfer of control of the cultural items 

to the lineal descendants, Indian tribes, 

or Native Hawaiian organizations stated 

in this notice may proceed. 

DATES: Lineal descendants or 

representatives of any Indian tribe or 

Native Hawaiian organization not 

identified in this notice that wish to 

claim these cultural items should 

submit a written request with 

information in support of the claim to 

the Denver Museum of Nature & Science 

at the address in this notice by March 

6, 2015. 

ADDRESSES: Dr. Chip Colwell, Denver 

Museum of Nature & Science, 2001 

Colorado Boulevard, Denver, CO, 

telephone (303) 370–6378, email 

chip.colwell@dmns.org. 

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice is 

here given in accordance with the 

Native American Graves Protection and 

Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), 25 U.S.C. 

3005, of the intent to repatriate cultural 

items under the control of the Denver 

Museum of Nature & Science, Denver, 

CO, that meet the definition of 

unassociated funerary objects under 25 

U.S.C. 3001. 

This notice is published as part of the 

National Park Service’s administrative 

responsibilities under NAGPRA, 25 

U.S.C. 3003(d)(3). The determinations in 

this notice are the sole responsibility of 

the museum, institution, or Federal 

agency that has control of the Native 

American cultural items. The National 

Park Service is not responsible for the 

determinations in this notice. 

History and Description of the Cultural 

Items 

Prior to 1951, 11 cultural items were 

removed from ‘‘graves’’ or ‘‘burial 

mounds’’ in Humboldt County, CA. Ten 

of these cultural items were obtained, 

either through collection or excavation, 

by George and Ethel Smith. One 

necklace (AC.2256) is noted to have 

been excavated by Dr. Ben Hathaway of 

the State Museum in Sacramento and 

obtained by George Smith through an 

exchange. All of the cultural items were 

a part of the collection at the Smith 

Museum, a small museum off Star Route 

in Orange Cove, Fresno County, CA, run 

by George and Ethel Smith from the 

mid-1930s until 1950. In 1951, Mary 

W.A. Crane and Francis V. Crane 

purchased the cultural items from the 

Smith Museum. In 1968, the Cranes 

donated the cultural items to the Denver 

Museum of Natural History (later 

renamed to the Denver Museum of 

Nature & Science). In 1983, the cultural 

items were formally accessioned into 

the collections. The 11 unassociated 

funerary objects are 4 shell bead 

necklaces (AC.1946, AC.1947, AC.2256, 

AC.2257), 3 shell objects (AC.1939, 

AC.2154A–B), 1 stone pestle (AC.2093), 

2 stone ear plugs (AC.2133A–B; note the 

location of AC.2133B is currently 

unknown), and 1 lot of shell beads 

(AC.2258). 

Museum records indicate that all of 

these cultural items were excavated 

from Native American graves or burial 

mounds located within Humboldt 

County, CA. Based on archival 

documents and expert opinion, it is 

reasonable to conclude that they were 

likely removed from a burial mound in 

Humboldt Bay known as HUM–67 and 

Tuluwat, located on Indian Island 

(formerly Gunther Island)—a place 

closely associated with Wiyot history. 

Stylistic attributes of material culture 

found at Tuluwat indicate that the site 

was occupied after A.D. 900. Multiple 

lines of evidence suggest the Wiyot 

culture has developed in-situ within 

Humboldt County over the last 

thousand years or more. Given this long 

term development the shared group 

identity is evident. The identifiable 

earlier group is the Wiyot and presentday tribes are those with Wiyot 

members: The Bear River Band of 

Rohnerville Rancheria, California, Blue 

Lake Rancheria, California, and the 

Wiyot Tribe, California (previously 

mstockstill on DSK4VPTVN1PROD with NOTICES