Petition for Exemption under Section 333 

from certain sections of the 14 C.F.R. Chapter I 

1 Summary 

Obsidian, Inc. seeks exemption from the requirements of 14 C.F.R §§ 61.113(a) & (b), 91.7(a), 91.121,

91.151(b), 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b), to operate an Unmanned

Aircraft System (DJI Inspire 1) pursuant to Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012

(FMRA). This exemption will permit Obsidian, Inc. to operate an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) for

the commercial purpose of inspecting and documenting historic structures to safely determine if they can

be renovated or if they should be demolished. The aircraft will also be used to conduct aerial

documentation of construction projects, general real estate inspection and generally provide safe a

convenient exploratory services to local governments, contractors, surveyor, and real estate professionals.  

2 Introduction and Interests of the Petitioner 

Obsidian, Inc. is a civil/structural engineering firm. Obsidian, Inc. inspects properties and prepares plans

for the renovation or demolition of the properties. The objective of Obsidian, Inc. is to use an unmanned

aircraft system (DJI Inspire 1) to provide a safer inspection process for a variety of governmental,

commercial, public, and residential interests.

3 Background 

Obsidian, Inc. seeks an exemption to operate for compensation or hire within the United States of

America a UAS:

Model Model DJI Inspire 1 system , T600

Weight (Battery Included) 2935 g

Vertical: 0.5 m

Horizontal:   2.5 m

Max Angular Velocity Pitch: 300°/s

Yaw:   150°/s

Max Tilt Angle 35°

Max Ascent Speed 5 m/s

Max Descent Speed 4 m/s

Max Speed 22 m/s (ATTI mode, no wind)

Max Flight Altitude 4500 m

Max Wind Speed Resistance 10 m/s

Max Flight Time Approximately 18 minutes

Motor Model DJI 3510

Propeller Model DJI 1345

Indoor Hovering Enabled by default

Operating Temperature Range ‐10° to 40° C

Diagonal Distance 559 to 581 mm

Dimensions 438x451x301 mm

Power Spectral Density 9.06mW/MHz
DJI Inspire 1, operated by Obsidian, Inc., will be registered in accordance with 49 U.S.C. 44103,

Registration of Aircraft, as well as 14 C.F.R Part 47, Aircraft Registration, and marked in accordance with

14 C.F.R. Part 45, Identification and Registration Marking.

4 Basis for Petition 

The petitioner, Obsidian, Inc., pursuant to the provisions of the Federal Aviation Regulations (14 C.F.R. §

11.61) and the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (FMRA), Section 333, Special Rules for Certain

Unmanned Aircraft Systems, hereby petitions the Administrator to commercially operate the DJI Inspire

1, UAS in the National Airspace System (NAS), and for an exemption from the requirements of 14 C.F.R

§§ 61.113(a) & (b), 91.7(a), 91.121, 91.151(b), 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) &

(b).

In accordance with 14 C.F.R. § 11.81, Obsidian, Inc. provides the following information in support of its

petition for exemption:

4.1 Name and Address of the Petitioner 

Charles R. Field, P.E.

Obsidian, Inc.

515 North 22nd Street

Richmond, VA 23223

4.2 Sections of 14 C.F.R. from which Obsidian, Inc. seeks exemption. 

4.2.1 Section 61.113, (a) and (b) entitled “Private pilot privileges and limitations: Pilot in command”

4.2.1.1 Relevant Section Language 

(a) No person who holds a private pilot certificate 

may act as a pilot in command (PIC) of an aircraft 

that is carrying passengers or property for 

compensation or hire; nor may that person, for 

compensation or hire, act as PIC of an aircraft. 

(b) A private pilot may, for compensation or hire, 

act as PIC of an aircraft in connection with any 

business or employment if— 

(1) The flight is only incidental to that business or 

employment; and 

(2) The aircraft does not carry passengers or 

property for compensation or hire. 

4.2.1.2 Extent and Reason for Relief Sought 

Obsidian seeks relief from certain requirements of Section 61.113(a) and (b), entitled “Private pilot

privileges and limitations: Pilot in command” to allow a Pilot in Command (PIC) having
 passed all classroom training for a private pilot or higher level certificate

 accumulated and logged, in a manner consistent with 14 C.F.R. § 61.51(b), 25 hours of total time

as a UAS rotorcraft pilot (with a minimum of 5 hours of those hours as a UAS pilot operating the

same make and model of UAS to be used for operations under the exemption),

 accomplished 3 takeoffs and landings in the preceding 90 days (for currency purposes), and  

 been trained to safely operate the UAS in a manner consistent with this exemption, including

evasive and emergency maneuvers and maintaining appropriate distances from people, vessels,

vehicles and structures

to conduct the proposed UAS flight operations for compensation or hire.  

Further, Obsidian, Inc. submits that all flights of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS, conducted by the PIC pursuant to

the grant of this Petition: (1) will be incidental to Obsidian, Inc.’s business; and (2) will not carry

passengers or property for compensation or hire.

4.2.2 Section 91.7, entitled “Civil Aircraft Airworthiness”, subsection (a), 

4.2.2.1 Relevant Section Language 

(a) No person may operate a civil aircraft unless it 

is in an airworthy condition. 

4.2.2.2 Extent and Reason for Relief Sought 

Relief from Section 91.7(a) entitled Civil Aircraft Airworthiness, is requested to the extent required to

allow Obsidian, Inc. to determine that the DJI Inspire 1 UAS is in airworthy condition prior to every flight

by ensuring that the UAS is in compliance with the operating documents (i.e., Monthly Maintenance Log,

Appendix A ‐ DJI Inspire 1 Maintenance Manual, and Appendix B ‐ DJI Inspire 1 Instruction Manual).

Obsidian, Inc. seeks the requested relief because the DJI Inspire 1 UAS do not require an airworthiness

certificate in accordance with 14 C.F.R. Part 21, Subpart H. Therefore, Obsidian, Inc. will ensure that the

DJI Inspire 1 UAS are in airworthy condition based upon its compliance with the operating documents

(i.e., Monthly Maintenance Log, Appendix A ‐ DJI Inspire 1 Maintenance Manual, and Appendix B ‐ DJI

Inspire 1 Instruction Manual) prior to every flight, and further, determine that the aircraft are in condition

for safe flight, as stated in the conditions and limitations below.

4.2.3 Section 91.121, entitled “Altimeter settings”, subsection (a) 

4.2.3.1 Relevant Section Language 

(a) Each person operating an aircraft shall maintain 

the cruising altitude or flight level of that 

aircraft, as the case may be, by reference to an 

altimeter that is set, when operating— 

(1) Below 18,000 feet MSL, to— 
(i) The current reported altimeter setting of a 

station along the route and within 100 nautical miles 

of the aircraft; 

(ii) If there is no station within the area 

prescribed in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section, 

the current reported altimeter setting of an 

appropriate available station; or 

(iii) In the case of an aircraft not equipped with a 

radio, the elevation of the departure airport or an 

appropriate altimeter setting available before 

departure. 

4.2.3.2 Extent and Reason for Relief Sought 

Relief from Section 91.121, entitled Altimeter settings, may be required to allow flight operations of the

DJI Inspire 1 UAS, which utilize a barometric pressure sensor, GPS equipment, and a radio

communications telemetry data link to downlink altitude information from the UA to the PIC at the

ground control station (GCS). Since the FAA requires that any altitude information concerning UAS

operations be reported to air traffic control (ATC) in feet above ground level (AGL), Obsidian, Inc. seeks

the requested relief because the DJI Inspire 1 UA’s altimeter may be set on the ground to zero feet AGL,

rather than the local barometric pressure or field altitude, before each flight.

Considering the limited altitude of the proposed operations, relief from 14 CFR 91.121 is sought to the

extent necessary to comply with the applicable conditions and limitations stated below. As more fully set

forth herein, an equivalent level of safety will be maintained since the DJI Inspire 1 UAS are equipped

with a barometric pressure sensor and GPS equipment, which automatically ensures that a ground level

pressure setting will be established prior to each flight, and provides the PIC with altitude information of

the UA on the heads‐up display of the GCS.

4.2.4 Section 91.151(b), entitled “Fuel requirements for flight in VFR conditions”, subsection (b) 

4.2.4.1 Relevant Section Language 

(b) No person may begin a flight in a rotorcraft 

under VFR conditions unless (considering wind and 

forecast weather conditions) there is enough fuel to 

fly to the first point of intended landing and, 

assuming normal cruising speed, to fly after that for 

at least 20 minutes. 

4.2.4.2 Extent and Reason for Relief Sought 

Relief from Section 91.151(b) entitled Fuel requirements for flight in VFR conditions, is requested to the

extent required to allow flights of the battery powered DJI Inspire 1 UAS during daylight hours in visual

meteorological conditions (VMC), under visual flight rules (VFR), for a total duration of 15 minutes.

Obsidian, Inc. seeks the requested relief because the DJI Inspire 1 cannot meet the Section 91.151(b) fuel

requirements.
Significantly, as set forth below, the technical specifications of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS, the DJI Inspire 1

operating documents, and Obsidian, Inc.’s proposed operating limitations, ensure that Obsidian, Inc. will

safely operate the battery powered DJI Inspire 1 UAS during daylight hours in visual meteorological

conditions (VMC), under visual flight rules (VFR), with enough battery power to fly for a total duration

of 15 minutes.

4.2.5 Section 91.405(a), entitled “Maintenance required”, subsection (a), 

4.2.5.1 Relevant Section Language 

Each owner or operator of an aircraft — 

(a) Shall have that aircraft inspected as prescribed 

in Subpart E of this part and shall between required 

inspections, except as provided in paragraph (c) of 

this section, have discrepancies repaired as 

prescribed in part 43 of this chapter[.] 

4.2.5.1 Extent and Reason for Relief Sought 

Since Section 91.405(a), only applies to aircraft with an airworthiness certificate, Obsidian, Inc. requests

relief from these Sections because the DJI Inspire 1 UAS do not require airworthiness certificates. As set

forth more fully below, the DJI Inspire 1 UAS meet the conditions of FMRA Section 333 for operation

without an airworthiness certificate. Accordingly, Obsidian, Inc. will use trained technicians to perform

preventive maintenance or alterations on the UAS using the methods, techniques, and practices

prescribed in the UAS operating documents (i.e., Monthly Maintenance Log, Appendix A ‐ DJI Inspire 1

Maintenance Manual, and Appendix B ‐ DJI Inspire 1 Instruction Manual). Furthermore, Obsidian, Inc.

will document and maintain all maintenance records for the DJI Inspire 1 UAS.

4.2.6 Section 91.407(a)(1), entitled “Operation after maintenance, preventive maintenance, rebuilding, 

or alteration”, subsection (a)(1) 

4.2.6.1 Relevant Section Language 

(a) No person may operate any aircraft that has 

undergone maintenance, preventive maintenance, 

rebuilding, or alteration unless-- (1) It has been 

approved for return to service by a person authorized 

under § 43.7 of this chapter[.] 

4.2.6.2 Extent and Reason for Relief Sought 

Since Section 91.407(a)(1) applies to aircraft with an airworthiness certificate, Obsidian, Inc. requests relief

from these Sections because the DJI Inspire 1 UAS do not require airworthiness certificates. As set forth

more fully below, the DJI Inspire 1 UAS meet the conditions of FMRA Section 333 for operation without

an airworthiness certificate. Accordingly, Obsidian, Inc. will use trained technicians to perform

preventive maintenance or alterations on the UAS using the methods, techniques, and practices

prescribed in the UAS operating documents (i.e., Monthly Maintenance Log, Appendix A ‐ DJI Inspire 1
Maintenance Manual, and Appendix B ‐ DJI Inspire 1 Instruction Manual). Furthermore, Obsidian, Inc.

will document and maintain all maintenance records for the DJI Inspire 1 UAS.

4.2.7 Sections 91.409(a)(1) And 91.409(a)(2), entitled “Inspections”, subsection (a) 

4.2.7.1 Relevant Section Language 

(a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this 

section, no person may operate an aircraft unless, 

within the preceding 12 calendar months, it has had – 

(1) An annual inspection in accordance with part 43 

of this chapter and has been approved for return to 

service by a person authorized by § 43.7 of this 

chapter; or 

(2) An inspection for the issuance of an 

airworthiness certificate in accordance with part 21 

of this chapter. 

4.2.7.2 Extent and Reason for Relief Sought 

Since Sections 91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2) applies to aircraft with an airworthiness certificate, Obsidian, Inc.

requests relief from these Sections because the DJI Inspire 1 UAS do not require airworthiness certificates.

As set forth more fully below, the DJI Inspire 1 UAS meet the conditions of FMRA Section 333 for

operation without an airworthiness certificate. Accordingly, Obsidian, Inc. will use trained technicians to

perform preventive maintenance or alterations on the UAS using the methods, techniques, and practices

prescribed in the UAS operating documents (i.e., Monthly Maintenance Log, Appendix A ‐ DJI Inspire 1

Maintenance Manual, and Appendix B ‐ DJI Inspire 1 Instruction Manual). Furthermore, Obsidian, Inc.

will document and maintain all maintenance records for the DJI Inspire 1 UAS.

4.2.8 Sections 91.417(a) And 91.417(b), entitled “Maintenance records”, subsections (a) and (b) 

4.2.8.1 Relevant Section Language 

(a) Except for work performed in accordance with §§ 

91.411 and 91.413, each registered owner or operator 

shall keep the following records for the periods 

specified in paragraph (b) of this section: 

(1) Records of the maintenance, preventive 

maintenance, and alteration and records of the 100-

hour, annual, progressive, and other required or 

approved inspections, as appropriate, for each 

aircraft (including the airframe) and each engine, 

propeller, rotor, and appliance of an aircraft. The 

records must include— 

(i) A description (or reference to data acceptable to 

the Administrator) of the work performed; and 
(ii) The date of completion of the work performed; 

and 

(iii) The signature, and certificate number of the 

person approving the aircraft for return to service. 

(2) Records containing the following information: 

(i) The total time in service of the airframe, each 

engine, each propeller, and each rotor. 

(ii) The current status of life-limited parts of each 

airframe, engine, propeller, rotor, and appliance. 

(iii) The time since last overhaul of all items 

installed on the aircraft which are required to be 

overhauled on a specified time basis. 

(iv) The current inspection status of the aircraft, 

including the time since the last inspection required 

by the inspection program under which the aircraft 

and its appliances are maintained. 

(v) The current status of applicable airworthiness 

directives (AD) and safety directives including, for 

each, the method of compliance, the AD or safety 

directive number and revision date. If the AD or 

safety directive involves recurring action, the time 

and date when the next action is required. 

(vi) Copies of the forms prescribed by § 43.9(d) of 

this chapter for each major alteration to the 

airframe and currently installed engines, rotors, 

propellers, and appliances. 

(b) The owner or operator shall retain the following 

records for the periods prescribed: 

(1) The records specified in paragraph (a)(1) of this 

section shall be retained until the work is repeated 

or superseded by other work or for 1 year after the 

work is performed. 

(2) The records specified in paragraph (a)(2) of this 

section shall be retained and transferred with the 

aircraft at the time the aircraft is sold. 

(3) A list of defects furnished to a registered owner 

or operator under § 43.11 of this chapter shall be 

retained until the defects are repaired and the 

aircraft is approved for return to service. 
4.2.8.2 Extent and Reason for Relief Sought 

Since Sections 91.417(a) & (b) applies to aircraft with an airworthiness certificate, Obsidian, Inc. requests

relief from these Sections because the DJI Inspire 1 UAS do not require airworthiness certificates. As set

forth more fully below, the DJI Inspire 1 UAS meet the conditions of FMRA Section 333 for operation

without an airworthiness certificate. Accordingly, Obsidian, Inc. will use trained technicians to perform

preventive maintenance or alterations on the UAS using the methods, techniques, and practices

prescribed in the UAS operating documents (i.e., Monthly Maintenance Log, Appendix A ‐ DJI Inspire 1

Maintenance Manual, and Appendix B ‐ DJI Inspire 1 Instruction Manual). Furthermore, Obsidian, Inc.

will document and maintain all maintenance records for the DJI Inspire 1 UAS.

5 The reasons why granting Obsidian, Inc.’s request would be in the public interest and how it 

would benefit the public as a whole. 

Granting the present Petition will further the public interest by allowing Obsidian, Inc. to safely,

efficiently, and economically perform structural and construction inspections.  

5.1 Inspections 

Aerial inspections performed by the UAS will be used to document historic structures and safely

determine if they can be renovated or if they should be demolished. This service will reduce the need for

local government officials or other interested parties to enter the unsafe buildings, climb ladders propped

against collapsing structures or attempting renovate a structure that cannot be properly inspected from

the ground.

Using UAS to conduct aerial documentation of construction projects and general real estate inspections

will provide safe a convenient exploratory services to local governments, contractors, surveyor, and real

estate professionals will reduce the risk of low posed by low altitude flights by traditional aircraft.

5.2 Privacy issues 

The UAS will only be used over property with the owner’s or authorized government representative’s

permission and on their behalf so the UAS will not be flown where it can be used to violate anyone’s

privacy.

6 The reasons why granting the exemption would not adversely affect safety, or how the 

exemption would provide a level of safety at least equal to that provided by the rule from 

which Obsidian, Inc. seeks exemption. 

The low weight, low altitude, limited range and low velocity, in addition to the restriction of using the

UAS only over a particular property with the owner’s knowledge and consent, will reduce the danger

posed by an aerial survey by traditional means.

7 Reasons why the DJI Inspire 1 UAS meet the conditions of the FAA Modernization and 

Reform Act of 2012 (FMRA) Section 333. 

In consideration of the size, weight, speed, and limited operating area associated with the unmanned

aircraft and its operation, Obsidian, Inc.’s operation of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS meet the conditions of
FMRA Section 333, and will not require an airworthiness certificate in accordance with 14 C.F.R. Part 21,

Subpart H.

Section 333 provides authority for a UAS to operate without airworthiness certification and sets forth

requirements for considering whether a UAS will create a hazard to users of the NAS or the public, or

otherwise pose a threat to national security. Specifically, FMRA Section 333 states the following, in part:

(a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other 

requirement of this subtitle, and not later than 180 

days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 

Secretary of Transportation shall determine if 

certain unmanned aircraft systems may operate safely 

in the national airspace system before completion of 

the plan and rulemaking required by section 332 of 

this Act or the guidance required by section 334 of 

this Act. 15 

(b) Assessment of Unmanned Aircraft Systems.--In 

making the determination under subsection (a), the 

Secretary shall determine, at a minimum— 

(1) which types of unmanned aircraft systems, if any, 

as a result of their size, weight, speed, operational 

capability, proximity to airports and populated 

areas, and operation within visual line of sight do 

not create a hazard to users of the national airspace 

system or the public or pose a threat to national 

security; and 

(2) whether a certificate of waiver, certificate of 

authorization, or airworthiness certification under 

section 44704 of title 49, United States Code, is 

required for the operation of unmanned aircraft 

systems identified under paragraph (1). 

(c) Requirements for Safe Operation.--If the 

Secretary determines under this section that certain 

unmanned aircraft systems may operate safely in the 

national airspace system, the Secretary shall 

establish requirements for the safe operation of such 

aircraft systems in the national airspace system. 

In seeking this exemption, Obsidian, Inc. submits that the DJI Inspire 1 UAS can operate safely in the

NAS pursuant to FMRA Section 333, as demonstrated by: (a) the characteristics of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS;

(b) the pilot certification requirement; and (c) the specific operating limitations.

a. The Specifications of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS demonstrate its safe characteristics.  

The DJI Inspire 1 UAS does not create a hazard to users of the NAS or the public, or otherwise pose a

threat to national security considering its size, weight, speed, and operational capability.
7.1 Technical specifications of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS. 

The technical specifications of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS are set forth by the DJI Inspire 1 User Manual,

attached hereto as Appendix B.

7.1.1 The DJI Inspire 1 UAS global positioning modes enable the UAS to remain within a defined 

operational area. 

The DJI Inspire 1 UAS may be operated in both manual and global positioning flight modes. A complete

description of the flight and navigational modes of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS is provided at pages 12 of the

DJI Inspire 1 User Manual attached hereto as Appendix B.

7.1.2 The DJI Inspire 1 UAS are designed for automatic return to home point or hover in the event of 

loss of the control link or navigation. 

When the Control Link is lost, the DJI Inspire 1 UAS will remain stationary, in flight, for 3 seconds or

more. If, after 3 seconds, the DJI Inspire 1 UAS does not reacquire control link data from the GCS, the

UAS will assume that the Control Link is lost and the will return to the home position (i.e., failsafe mode)

via GPS, and will descend to the takeoff position and shutdown. A complete description of the Failsafe

Functions of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS are set forth at pages 13 through 15 of the DJI Inspire 1 User Manual,

attached hereto as Appendix B.

7.1.3 The DJI Inspire 1 GCS And Its Operation. 

A complete description of the operation and specifications of the DJI Inspire 1 GCS and flight control

software is provided at pages 24 through 33 of the DJI Inspire 1 User Manual. DJI Inspire 1 User Manual

is attached hereto as Appendix B.

7.1.4 Flight operations of DJI Inspire 1 UAS is limited to the line of sight of a qualified pilot in command 

with a safety observer. 

Obsidian, Inc. will use as its Pilot In Command (PIC) of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS only personnel that have

met the qualifications outlined in Section 4.2.1. Additionally, a safety observer will assist him at all times

during flight time.

7.1.5 Flights of DJI Inspire 1 UAS Will Be Conducted Pursuant To Specific Operating Limitations. 

In seeking this exemption, Obsidian, Inc. proposes to commercially operate DJI Inspire 1 UAS for the

special purpose of conducting construction and real estate inspections over certain areas of United States,

pursuant to the following specific operating limitations.

1. Operations authorized by this grant of exemption will be limited to the following aircraft

described in the operating documents, rotorcraft UAS weighing less than 55 pounds maximum

gross weight: DJI Inspire 1 Unmanned Aircraft Systems. Proposed operations of any other

aircraft will require a new petition or a petition to amend this grant.

2. UAS operations under this exemption will be limited to conducting construction and real estate

inspections.

3. The UAS may not be flown at an indicated airspeed exceeding 5 knots.
4. The UA must be operated at an altitude of no more than 200 feet above ground level (AGL), as

indicated by the procedures specified in the operating documents unless a special request is

made and approved by ATC. All altitudes reported to ATC must be in feet AGL.

5. The UAS must be operated within visual line of sight (VLOS) of the PIC at all times. This requires

the PIC to be able to use human vision unaided by any device other than corrective lenses, as

specified on the PIC’s FAA‐issued airman medical certificate.

6. The use of first person view (FPV) by the PIC or safety observer (SO) is not permitted except for

situations where the UAS is flown in the interior of empty and abandoned buildings where entry

would not be safe.  

7. All operations must utilize a safety observer (SO). The SO may be used to satisfy the VLOS

requirement as long as the PIC always maintains VLOS capability. The SO and PIC must be able

to communicate verbally at all times. Electronic messaging or texting is not permitted during

flight operations. The PIC must be designated before the flight and cannot transfer his or her

designation for the duration of the flight. The PIC must ensure that the SO can perform the

functions prescribed in the operating documents.

8. The SO must not perform any other duties beyond assisting the PIC with seeing and avoiding

other air traffic and other ground based obstacles/obstructions and is not permitted to operate the

camera or other instruments.

9. The operating documents and the grant of exemption must be accessible during UAS operations

and made available to the Administrator upon request. If a discrepancy exists between the

conditions and limitations contained in the grant of exemption and the procedures outlined in the

operating documents, the conditions and limitations contained in the grant of exemption take

precedence and must be followed. Otherwise, the operator must follow the procedures as

outlined in its operating documents. The operator may update or revise its operating documents.

It is the operator’s responsibility to track such revisions and present updated and revised

documents to the Administrator upon request. The operator must also present updated and

revised documents if it petitions for extension or amendment to the grant of exemption. If the

operator determines that any update or revision would affect the basis upon which the FAA

granted the exemption, then the operator must petition for amendment to its grant of exemption.

The FAA’s UAS Integration Office (AFS‐80) may be contacted if questions arise regarding

updates or revisions to the operating documents.

10. Prior to each flight the PIC must inspect the UAS to ensure that it is in a condition for safe flight.

If the inspection reveals a condition that affects the safe operation of the UAS, the aircraft is

prohibited from operating until the necessary maintenance has been performed and the UAS is

found to be in a condition for safe flight. The Ground Control Station must be included in the

preflight inspection. All maintenance and alterations must be properly documented in the aircraft

records.

11. Any UAS that has undergone maintenance or alterations that affect the UAS operation or flight

characteristics, e.g. replacement of a flight critical component, must undergo a functional test

flight. The PIC who conducts the functional test flight must make an entry in the aircraft records.

12. The pre‐flight inspection must account for all potential discrepancies, e.g. inoperable

components, items, or equipment, not already covered in the relevant sections of the operating

documents.
13. The operator must follow the UAS manufacturer’s aircraft/component, maintenance, overhaul,

replacement, inspection, and life limit requirements.

14. The operator must carry out its maintenance, inspections, and record keeping requirements, in

accordance with the operating documents. Maintenance, inspection, alterations, and status of

replacement/overhaul component parts must be noted in the aircraft records, including total time

in service, description of work accomplished, and the signature of the authorized person

returning the UAS to service.

15. Each UAS operated under this exemption must comply with all manufacturer Safety Bulletins.

16. The authorized person must make an entry in the aircraft record of the corrective action taken

against discrepancies discovered between inspections.

17. The PIC must have passed all classroom training for a private pilot or higher level certificate,

accumulated and logged, in a manner consistent with 14 C.F.R. § 61.51(b), 25 hours of total time

as a UAS rotorcraft pilot (with a minimum of 5 hours of those hours as a UAS pilot operating the

same make and model of UAS to be used for operations under the exemption), accomplished 3

takeoffs and landings in the preceding 90 days (for currency purposes), and been trained to safely

operate the UAS in a manner consistent with this exemption, including evasive and emergency

maneuvers and maintaining appropriate distances from people, vessels, vehicles and structures

18. The operator may not permit any PIC to operate unless the PIC meets the operator’s qualification

criteria and demonstrates the ability to safely operate the UAS in a manner consistent with how

the UAS will be operated under the exemption, including evasive and emergency maneuvers and

maintaining appropriate distances from persons, vessels, vehicles and structures. PIC

qualification flight hours must be logged in a manner consistent with 14 C.F.R. § 61.51(b). Flights

for the purposes of training the operator’s PICs are permitted under the terms of the exemption.

However, training operations may only be conducted during dedicated training sessions. During

training, proficiency, and experience‐building flights, all persons not essential for flight

operations are considered nonparticipants, and the PIC must operate the UA with appropriate

distance from nonparticipants in accordance with 14 C.F.R. § 91.119.

19. UAS operations may not be conducted during night, as defined in 14 C.F.R. § 1.1. All operations

must be conducted under visual meteorological conditions (VMC). If flight at night is required, a

special request will be made at the FAA office closest to proposed area of operations. Flights

under special visual flight rules (SVFR) are not authorized.

20. The UA may not operate within 5 nautical miles of an airport reference point as denoted on a

current FAA‐published aeronautical chart unless a letter of agreement with that airport’s

management is obtained, and the operation is conducted in accordance with a NOTAM as

required by the operator’s COA. The letter of agreement with the airport management must be

made available to the Administrator upon request.

21. The UA may not be operated less than 500 feet below or less than 2,000 feet horizontally from a

cloud or when visibility is less than 3 statute miles from the PIC.

22. If the UA loses communications or loses its GPS signal, it must return to a predetermined location

within the planned operating area and land or be recovered in accordance with the operating

documents.

23. The PIC must abort the flight in the event of unpredicted obstacles or emergencies in accordance

with the operating documents.
24. The PIC is prohibited from beginning a flight unless (considering wind and forecast weather

conditions) there is enough power to fly at normal cruising speed to the intended landing point

and land the UA with 25% battery power remaining.

25. The operator must obtain an Air Traffic Organization (ATO) issued Certificate of Waiver or

Authorization (COA) prior to conducting any operations under the grant of exemption. This

COA will also require the operator to request a Notice to Airman (NOTAM) not more than 72

hours in advance, but not less than 48 hours prior to the operation. All operations shall be

conducted in accordance with airspace requirements in the ATO issued COA including class of

airspace, altitude level and potential transponder requirements.  

26. All aircraft operated in accordance with the exemption must be identified by serial number,

registered in accordance with 14 C.F.R. part 47, and have identification (Number) markings in

accordance with 14 C.F.R. part 45, Subpart C. Markings must be as large as practicable.

27. Before conducting operations, the radio frequency spectrum used for operation and control of the

UA must comply with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) or other appropriate

government oversight agency requirements.

28. The documents required fewer than 14 C.F.R. 91.9 and 91.203 must be available to the PIC at the

Ground Control Station of the UAS any time the UAS is operating. These documents must be

made available to the Administrator or any law enforcement official upon request.

29. The UA must remain clear and yield the right of way to all manned aviation operations and

activities at all times.

30. The UAS may not be operated by the PIC from any moving device or vehicle.

31. Flight operations must be conducted at least 500 feet from all nonparticipating persons (persons

other than the PIC, SO, operator trainees or essential persons), vessels, vehicles, and structures

unless:

a. Barriers or structures are present that sufficiently protect nonparticipating persons from

the UA and/or debris in the event of an accident. The operator must ensure that

nonparticipating persons remain under such protection. If a situation arises where

nonparticipating persons leave such protection and are within 500 feet of the UA, flight

operations must cease immediately and/or;

b. The aircraft is operated near vessels, vehicles or structures where the owner/controller of

such vessels, vehicles or structures has granted permission and the PIC has made a safety

assessment of the risk of operating closer to those objects and determined that it does not

present an undue hazard, and;

c. Operations nearer to the PIC, SO, operator trainees or essential persons do not present an

undue hazard to those persons per § 91.119(a).

32. All operations shall be conducted over private or controlled‐access property with permission

from the land owner/controller or authorized representative. Permission from land

owner/controller or authorized representative will be obtained for each flight to be conducted.

33. Any incident, accident, or flight operation that transgresses the lateral or vertical boundaries of

the operational area as defined by the applicable COA must be reported to the FAAʹs UAS

Integration Office (AFS‐80) within 24 hours. Accidents must be reported to the National

Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) per instructions contained on the NTSB Web site:

www.ntsb.gov.
7.1.6 Reasons why an exemption from the requirements of Section 61.113(a) and (b) would not 

adversely affect safety. 

Obsidian, Inc. submits that the equivalent level of safety established by Section 61.113(a) and (b) will be

maintained because no PIC will be allowed to operate the DJI Inspire 1 UAS unless that PIC has

demonstrated, by meeting minimum flight‐hour and currency requirements, that the PIC is able to safely

operate the DJI Inspire 1 UAS in a manner consistent with the exemption, including evasive and

emergency maneuvers and maintaining appropriate distances from people, vessels, vehicles and

structures.

Considering Obsidian, Inc.’s proposed area of operations, and the operating limitations set forth‐above;

the parallel nature of private pilot aeronautical knowledge requirements to those of commercial pilot

requirements (See Exemption No. 11062); and the airmanship skills necessary to safely operate the DJI

Inspire 1 UAS, Obsidian, Inc. submits that the additional manned airmanship experience of a

commercially certificated pilot would not correlate to the airmanship skills necessary for Obsidian, Inc.’s

specific proposed flight operations.

Obsidian, Inc. will not allow any PIC to operate the DJI Inspire 1 UAS unless that PIC has demonstrated,

by meeting minimum flight‐hour requirements or the DJI Inspire 1 UAS training and currency

requirements, that the PIC is able to safely operate the DJI Inspire 1 UAS in a manner consistent with this

exemption, including evasive and emergency maneuvers and maintaining appropriate distances from

people, vessels, vehicles and structures.

Specifically, the PIC must have accumulated and logged, in a manner consistent with 14 C.F.R. § 61.51(b),

25 hours of total time as a UAS rotorcraft pilot (with a minimum of 5 hours of those hours as a UAS pilot

operating the same make and model of UAS to be used for operations under the exemption). In addition

to the hour requirements, the PIC must accomplish 3 takeoffs and landings in the preceding 90 days (for

currency purposes).

As in Exemption Nos. 11062, 11138, and 11153, prior documented flight experience that was obtained in

compliance with applicable regulations will ensure an equivalent level of safety during Obsidian, Inc.’s

proposed operations. The Administrator has held that prior documented flight experience that was

obtained in compliance with applicable regulations would ensure safe operations, stating as follows:

In Exemption No. 11062, the FAA required that prior to conducting operations for the purpose

construction and real estate inspections, the PIC must have accumulated and logged, in a manner

consistent with 14 CFR 61.51(b), 25 hours of total time as a UAS rotorcraft pilot including at least 10 hours

logged as a UAS pilot with a multi‐rotor UAS. Prior to operations under Exemption No. 11062, the PIC

must also have accumulated and logged a minimum of 5 hours as a UAS pilot operating the same make

and model of UAS to be used for operations under the exemption. For clarification, the FAA considers

these minimum hour requirements to be inclusive rather than additive; i.e. 5 hours make and model time

may be included in the 10 hours of multi‐rotor time and the 10 hours may be included in the total 25

hours of UAS rotorcraft time. In addition to the hour requirements, the PIC must accomplish 3 takeoffs

and landings in the preceding 90 days (for currency purposes). The FAA finds that at a minimum, the

flight‐hour requirements in Exemption No. 11062 are appropriate to practice and build proficiency in the
skills necessary to safely conduct the petitioner’s proposed operations. The FAA also finds that prior

documented flight experience that was obtained in compliance with applicable regulations would satisfy

this requirement. Training, proficiency, and experience‐building flights can also be conducted under the

grant of exemption to accomplish the required flight time. During training, proficiency, and experience‐

building flights the PIC is required to operate the UA with appropriate distances in accordance with 14

C.F.R 91.119.

Accordingly, Obsidian, Inc. will ensure safe operations by not allowing any PIC to operate the DJI Inspire

1 UAS unless that PIC has demonstrated, by meeting minimum flight‐hour and currency requirements,

that the PIC is able to safely operate the DJI Inspire 1 UAS in a manner consistent with the exemption,

including evasive and emergency maneuvers and maintaining appropriate distances from people,

vessels, vehicles and structures.

7.1.7 Reasons why an exemption from the requirements of Section 91.7(a) would not adversely affect 

safety. 

The equivalent level of safety established by Section 91.7(a) will be maintained because prior to every

flight, Obsidian, Inc. will ensure that the DJI Inspire 1 UAS is in an airworthy condition based upon the

UAS’s compliance with its operating documents and as stated in the conditions and limitations herein.

7.1.8 Reasons why an exemption from the requirements of Section 91.121 would not adversely affect 

safety. 

The equivalent level of safety established by Section 91.121 will be maintained because the altitude

information of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS will be provided to the PIC via GPS equipment and a radio

communications telemetry data link, which downlinks from the UA to the GCS for active monitoring of

the flight path and altitude. This altitude information, combined with Obsidian, Inc.’s operation of the DJI

Inspire 1 UAS within visual line of sight, at or below 200 feet AGL, will ensure a level of safety equivalent

to Section 91.121. The altitude information will be generated by GPS equipment installed onboard the

aircraft. Prior to each flight, a zero altitude initiation point is automatically established by the UAS at

ground level.

7.1.9 Reasons why an exemption from the requirements of Section 91.151(b) would not adversely 

affect safety. 

A grant of this exemption would ensure an equivalent level of safety established by 14 C.F.R. Section

91.151(b) as a result of (1) the technical specifications of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS; (2) the limitations on the

proposed flight operations; and (3) the location of the proposed flight operations. Accordingly, Obsidian,

Inc. will ensure that it will safely operate the battery powered DJI Inspire 1 UAS during daylight hours in

VFR conditions, with enough battery power to fly for a total duration of 23 minutes.

Here, as in Exemption No. 11109, the technical specifications of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS; the limitations on

the proposed flight operations; and the location of the proposed operations, will ensure an equivalent

level of safety established by 14 C.F.R. Section 91.151(b). Furthermore, safety will be ensured as the DJI

Inspire 1 UAS provide audible and visual warnings to the PIC at the GCS when the UAS experiences low

battery voltage, the first warning occurring at approximately 33% remaining battery power, and again at
approximately 10% remaining battery power. At the critically low battery level, the DJI Inspire 1 UAS

will descend and land automatically.

7.1.10 Reasons why an exemption from the requirements of Sections 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 

91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), And 91.417(a) & (b) would not adversely affect safety. 

In seeking this exemption, Obsidian, Inc. submits that the equivalent level of safety with regard to the

regulatory maintenance and alteration requirements established by Sections 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1),

91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b) will be met because Obsidian, Inc. will use trained technicians to

perform maintenance, alterations, or preventive maintenance on the UAS using the methods, techniques,

and practices prescribed in the operating documents (i.e., Obsidian, Inc. Aerial Operations Manual,

Monthly Maintenance Log, and DJI Inspire 1 Instruction Manual). Furthermore, Obsidian, Inc. will

document and maintain all maintenance records for the DJI Inspire 1 UAS.

Since the DJI Inspire 1 UAS will be inspected as prescribed by the operating documents, Obsidian, Inc.

will maintain the equivalent level of safety established by Sections 91.405(a), 91.409(a)(1), and 91.409(a)(2).

A copy of the DJI Inspire 1 User Manuals are attached hereto as Appendix A and B; a copy of the DJI

Inspire 1 UAS Maintenance LOG is attached hereto as Appendix C.  

Likewise, the exemption sought will not adversely affect safety because Obsidian, Inc. will use trained

technicians to perform maintenance, alterations or preventive maintenance on the UAS using the

methods, techniques, and practices prescribed by the operating documents.

Furthermore, the exemption sought would maintain an equivalent level of safety established by Sections

91.407, 91.417(a) and 91.417(b), because all maintenance of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS will be performed by

trained technicians. Maintenance will be documented and maintained utilizing the monthly maintenance

log.

Significantly, previous exemptions granted by the FAA concerning Sections 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1),

91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b) establish that safety is not adversely affected when the technical

characteristics and operating limitations of the UAS are considered.

In consideration of Obsidian, Inc.’s proposed operating limitations, the operating documents, and the

technical aspects of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS, Obsidian, Inc. submits that safety will not be adversely affected

by granting exemption from 14 C.F.R. Sections 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1) and (a)(2), 91.409(a)(2), and 91.417(a)

and (b).

7.1.11 The FAA may prescribe any other conditions for safe operation. 

In accordance with Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (FMRA) and 14 C.F.R.

§ 21.16 entitled Special Conditions, Obsidian, Inc. requests that the FAA prescribe special conditions for

the intended operation of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS, which contain such safety standards that the

Administrator finds necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established by 14 C.F.R. Part

21, Subpart H, and 14 C.F.R §§ 61.113(a) & (b), 91.7 (a), 91.121, 91.151(b), 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1),

91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b). Such special conditions will permit safe operation of the UAS for

the limited purpose of conducting aerial video and photography over certain areas of the United States
for compensation or hire. FMRA Section 333 sets forth the requirements for considering whether a UAS

will create a hazard to users of the NAS or the public, or otherwise pose a threat to national security; and

further, provides the authority for such UAS to operate without airworthiness certification in accordance

with any requirements that must be established for the safe operation of the UAS in the NAS.

Likewise, the Administrator may prescribe special conditions pursuant to 14 C.F.R. § 21.16, for operation

of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS, since the airworthiness regulations of 14 C.F.R. Part 21 do not contain adequate

or appropriate safety standards, due to the novel or unusual design features of the aircraft. Section 21.16,

entitled Special Conditions, states the following:

If the FAA finds that the airworthiness regulations of this subchapter do not contain adequate or

appropriate safety standards for an aircraft, aircraft engine, or propeller because of a novel or unusual

design feature of the aircraft, aircraft engine or propeller, he prescribes special conditions and

amendments thereto for the product. The special conditions are issued in accordance with Part 11 of this

chapter and contain such safety standards for the aircraft, aircraft engine or propeller as the FAA finds

necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that established in the regulations.

See 14 C.F.R. § 21.16.

Therefore, in accordance with FMRA Section 333 and 14 C.F.R. § 21.16, the FAA may prescribe special

conditions for Leading Edge’s intended operation of the DJI Inspire 1 UAS, which contain such safety

standards that the Administrator finds necessary to establish a level of safety equivalent to that

established by 14 C.F.R. Part 21, Subpart H, and 14 C.F.R Sections 25 61.113(a) & (b), 91.7(a), 91.121,

91.151(b), 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b).

8 A summary that can be published in the Federal Register, stating: The Rules from Which 

Obsidian, Inc. Seeks Exemption: 

Obsidian, Inc. seeks exemption from the requirements of 14 C.F.R Sections 61.113(a)&(b), 91.7(a), 91.121,

91.151(b), 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b).

9 A brief description of the nature of the exemption Obsidian, Inc. Seeks: 

This exemption will permit Obsidian, Inc. to commercially operate an Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS)

for the purpose of conducting construction and real estate related inspections over certain areas of the

United States.

10 Any additional information, views, or arguments available to support Obsidian, Inc.’s 

Request. 

This Petition is made pursuant to the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012

(FMRA) Section 333, which directs the Secretary of Transportation to determine if certain UAS may

operate safely in the NAS. As such, Obsidian, Inc.’s request for exemption may be granted pursuant to

the authority of FMRA Section 333 and 14 C.F.R. Part 11, as set forth above.
FMRA Section 333 sets forth the requirements for considering whether a UAS will create a hazard to

users of the NAS or the public, or otherwise pose a threat to national security; and further, provides the

authority for such UAS to operate without airworthiness certification.

As discussed in detail above, Obsidian, Inc. will operate the DJI Inspire 1 UAS safely in the NAS, without

creating a hazard to users of the NAS, or the public, or otherwise pose a threat to national security.

11 Conclusion 

As set forth herein, Obsidian, Inc. seeks an exemption pursuant to 14 C.F.R. § 11.61 and Section 333 of the

FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012 (FMRA), which will permit safe operation of the DJI Inspire

1 UAS commercially, without an airworthiness certificate, for the limited purpose of conducting aerial

video and photography over certain areas of the United States. By granting this Petition, the FAA

Administrator will be fulfilling the Congressional mandate of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of

2012, while also advancing the interests of the public, by allowing Obsidian, Inc. to safely, efficiently, and

economically operate the DJI Inspire 1 UAS commercially within the NAS.

WHEREFORE, in accordance with the Federal Aviation Regulations and the FAA Modernization and

Reform Act of 2012, Section 333, The ALTEK MEDIA GROUP respectfully requests that the

Administrator grant this Petition for an exemption from the requirements of 14 C.F.R Sections 61.113(a) &

(b), 91.7(a), 91.121, 91.151(b), 91.405(a), 91.407(a)(1), 91.409(a)(1) & (a)(2), and 91.417(a) & (b), and permit

Leading Edge to operate the DJI Inspire 1 UAS commercially for the purpose of conducting construction

and real estate inspections over certain areas of the United States.