*** EO 12866 Review DRAFT – Do Not Cite, Quote or Release During the Review ***

Glymes NPRM_EO 12866_2010

- 04

- 08.doc 1

2 EO12866-Documentation_Glymes-NPRM_R evised-v-Submitted_2011-05-27.docx 3

4 Revised to address Interagency Co mments received under EO 12866 Review Draft as 5
submitted

. 6

7
BILLING CODE 6560–50–P 8

9
ENVIRONMENTAL PRO TECTION AGENCY 10

40 CFR Part 721 11

[EPA–HQ–OPPT–2009–0767; FRL–XXXX–X] 12

RIN 2070–AJ52 13

Glymes; Proposed Significant New Use Rule 14

AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 15

ACTION: Proposed rule. 16

SUMMARY: EPA is proposing a significant new use rule (SNUR) under section 5(a)(2) of the 17 Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) for the 14 glymes identified in this proposed rule . This 18 action would require persons who intend to manufacture, import, or process these chemical 19

substances for an activity that is designated as a significant new use by this proposed rule to 20 notify EPA at least 90 days before commencing that activity. The required notification would 21 provide EPA with the opportunity to evaluate th e intended use and, if ne cessary, to prohibit or 22 limit that activity before it occurs. 23

DATES: Comments must be received on or before [insert date [ 60 ] days after date of 24 publication in the Federal Register ]. 25

ADDRESSES: Submit your comments, identified by doc ket identification (ID) number EPA– 26 HQ–OPPT–2009–0767, by one of the following methods: 27

• • Federal eRulemaking Portal : http://www.regulations.gov

. http://www.regulations.gov

. 28 Follow the on-line instructions for submitting comments. 29

30

• Mail : Document Control Office (7407M), Offi ce of Pollution Prevention and Toxics 31 (OPPT), Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 32

20460–0001. 33

• Hand Delivery : OPPT Document Control Office (DCO), EPA East Bldg., Rm. 6428, 34 1201 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, DC. Attention: Docket ID Number EPA–HQ– 35

OPPT–2009

– 0767. The DCO is open from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding 36*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 2 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] legal holidays. The telephone number for the DCO is (202) 564–8930. Such deliveries are only 37 accepted during the DCO’s normal hours of operati on, and special arrangements should be made 38
for deliveries of boxed information. 39

Instructions : Direct your comments to doc ket ID number EPA–HQ–OPPT–2009–0767. 40 EPA's policy is that all comments received will be included in the docket without change and 41 may be made available on-line at http://www.regulations.gov , including any personal 42 information provided, unless the comment include s information claimed to be Confidential 43 Business Information (CBI) or other information w hose disclosure is restri cted by statute. Do 44 not submit information that you consider to be CBI or otherwise protected through 45 regulations.gov or e-mail. The regulations.gov website is an “anonymous access” system, which 46 means EPA will not know your identity or contac t information unless you provide it in the body 47 of your comment. If you send an e-mail co mment directly to EP A without going through 48 regulations.gov, your e-mail address will be automati cally captured and included as part of the 49 comment that is placed in the docket and made available on the Internet. If you submit an 50 electronic comment, EPA recomme nds that you include your name and other contact information 51 in the body of your comment and with any disk or CD-ROM you submit. If EPA cannot read 52 your comment due to technical difficulties and cannot contact you for clarification, EPA may not 53 be able to consider your comment . Electronic files should avoid the use of special characters, 54 any form of encryption, and be fr ee of any defects or viruses. 55

Docket : All documents in the docket are list ed in the docket index available at 56 http://www.regulations.gov . Although listed in the index, so me information is not publicly 57 available, e.g., CBI or other information whose disc losure is restricted by statute. Certain other 58 material, such as copyrighted material, will be publicly available only in hard copy. Publicly 59

available docket materials ar e available elect ronically at http://www.regulations.gov , or, if only 60 available in hard copy, at the OPPT Docket. Th e OPPT Docket is located in the EPA Docket 61 Center (EPA/DC) at Rm. 3334, EPA West Bldg., 1301 Constitution Ave., NW., Washington, 62 DC. The EPA/DC Public Reading Room hours of operation are 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday 63 through Friday, excluding legal ho lidays. The telephone number of the EPA/DC Public Reading 64 Room is (202) 566–1744, and the telephone number for the OPPT Docket is (202) 566–0280. 65 Docket visitors are required to show photographic identificati on, pass through a metal detector, 66 and sign the EPA visitor log. All visitor bags are processe d through an X-ray machine and 67 subject to search. Visitors will be provided an EPA/DC badge that must be visible at all times in 68 the building and retu rned upon departure. 69

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For general information contact : Colby 70 Lintner, Regulatory Coordinator, Environmen tal Assistance Divisi on (7408M), Office of 71 Pollution Prevention and Toxics, Environmenta l Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., 72 NW., Washington, DC 20460

– 0001; telephone number: (202) 554

– 1404; e

- mail address: 73

TSCA

- Hotline@epa.gov

. 74

For technical information contact : Amy Breedlove, Chemical Control Division (7405M), 75

Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics , Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 76 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460–0001; telephone number: 202-564-9823; e77
mail address: breedlove.amy@epa.gov

. 78*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 3 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] For general information contact : The TSCA-Hotline, ABVI-Goodwill, 422 South Clinton Ave., 79 Rochester, NY 14620; telephone number : (202) 554–1404; e-mail address: TSCA80 Hotline@epa.gov

. 81

82
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 83

84
I. General Information 85

A. Does this Action Apply to Me? 86

You may be potentially affected by this ac tion if you manufacture, im port, or process the 87
chemicals listed in Unit II.A. III.A. Potentially affected enti ties may include, but are not limited 88

to: 89

90 Potentially affected entities may include, but are not limited to: 91

• Manufacturers, importers, or pro cessors of one or more of subject chemical substances 92 (North American Industrial Classificati on System (NAICS) codes 325 and 324110), e.g., 93 chemical manufacturing a nd petroleum refineries; 325199

– All other basic organic chemical 94 manufacturing ; 325910

– Printing ink manufacturing ; 325510

– Paint and Coating 95 Manufacturing ; 325520

– Adhesive Manufacturing ; 335912

– Principl e Battery Manufacturing ; 96
and 336340

– Motor Vehicle Brake System Manufacturing

. 97

• All other basic organic chemi cal manufacturing (NAICS 325199); 98

• Printing ink manufacturing (NAICS 325910); 99

• Paint and Coating Manuf acturing (NAICS 325510); 100

• Adhesive Manufacturing (NAICS 325520); 101

• Principle Battery Manufact uring (NAICS 335912); and 102

• Motor Vehicle Brake System Manufacturing (NAICS 336340)

. 103

This listing is not intended to be exhaustiv e, but rather provides a guide for readers 104 regarding entities likely to be aff ected by this action. Other types of entities not listed in this unit 105

could also be affected. The NAICS codes have been provided to assi st you and others in 106 determining whether this action mi ght apply to certain entities. To determine whether you or 107 your business may be affected by this action, you should carefully exam ine the applicability 108 provisions in 40 CFR 721.5. Also consult Unit II

. If you have any questions regarding the 109 applicability of this action to a particular entity, consult the tec hnical person listed under FOR 110
FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT

. 111

This action may also affect certain entit ies through pre-existing import certification and 112 export notification rules under TSCA. Persons who import any chemical substance governed by 113 a final SNUR are subject to the TSCA sec tion 13 (15 U.S.C. 2612) import certification 114 requirements and the corresponding re gulations at 19 CFR 12.118 through 12.127 and ; see also 115 19 CFR 127.28. Those persons must certify that the shipment of the chemical substance 116*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 4 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] complies with all applicable rules and orders under TSCA, including any SNUR requirements. 117 The EPA policy in support of import certification appears at 40 CFR part 707, subpart B. In 118 addition, any persons who export or intend to export a chemical substance th at is the subject of 119 this proposed rule on or after [insert date 30 days after the date of publication in the FR] are 120 subject to the export notification provisions of TSCA section 12(b) (15 U.S.C. 2611(b)), (see 40 121 CFR 721.20), and must comply with the export notification requirements in 40 CFR part 707, 122 subpart D. 123

124

B. What Should I Consider as I Prepare My Comments for EPA? 125

126

1. Submitting CBI . Do not submit this confidential business information (CBI) to EPA 127 through regulations.gov or e-mail. Clearly mark th e part or all of the in formation that you claim 128
to be CBI. For CBI information in a disk or CD -ROM that you mail to EP A, mark the outside of 129
the disk or CD-ROM that you mail to EPA, mark the outside of the disk or CD

- ROM as CBI and 130 then identify electronically within the disk or CD-ROM the specifi c information that is claimed 131 as CBI. In addition to one complete version of the comment that includes information claimed 132

as CBI (i.e., a sanitized version) , a , a redacted copy of the comment that does not contain the 133 information claimed as CBI must be submitted for inclusion in the public docket. Information so 134 marked will not be disclosed except in accordance with procedures set forth in 40 CFR part 2. 135

136

2. Tips for preparing your comments . When submitting comments, remember to: 137

i. Identify the document by docket ID number and other identifying information (subject 138 heading, Federal Register date and page number). 139

ii. Follow directions. The Agency may ask you to respond to specific questions or 140 organize comments by referencing a Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) part or section number. 141

iii. Explain why you agree or disagree; suggest alternatives and substitute language for 142 your requested changes. 143

iv. Describe any assumptions and provide a ny technical information and/or data that you 144

used. 145

v. If you estimate potential costs or burdens, explain how you arrived at your estimate in 146 sufficient detail to allow for it to be reproduced. 147

vi. Provide specific examples to illustrate your concerns and suggest alternatives. 148

vii. Explain your views as cl early as possible, avoiding the use of profanity or personal 149

threats. 150

viii. Make sure to submit your comments by the comment period deadline identified. 151

II. Background 152

A. What Action is the Agency Taking? 153*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 5 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] EPA is proposing a significant new use rule under section 5(a)(2) of TSCA where the 154 designated significant new use for the chemicals in Table 1 of this unit would be “ use in a 155 consumer product, ” with the exception of the ongoing uses which are the excluded uses listed 156 under “Proposed Excluded Consumer Uses,” and where the designated significant new use for 157

the chemicals in Unit II.A.1 would be “ any use. ” “Consumer product” is defined at 40 CFR 158

721.3 as: “a chemical substance that is directly, or as part of a mixt ure, sold or made available to 159

consumers for their use in or around a permanent or te mporary household or residence, in or 160 around a school, or in recreation.” P ersons would be required to notify EPA at least 90 days 161 before commencing the manufacture, import, or processing of the listed substances fo r the 162 designated significant new use s . The objectives and rationale for this proposed SNUR are 163 explained in Unit IV. 164

165
Table 1

– Chemicals with Use in a Consumer Produc t as the Proposed Significant New Use 166 and Proposed Excluded Consumer Uses [moved table] 167

168 What is the Agency's Author ity for taking this Action? 169

170 Section 5(a)(2) of TSCA (15 U.S.C. 2604(a)(2 )) authorizes EPA to determine that a use 171

of a chemical substance is a " “ significant new use ." .” Since on-going uses are by definition, not 172 new, they are identified and excluded from the SNUR. EPA must make this the determination of 173 a “significant new use” by rule after considering all releva nt factors, including those listed in 174 TSCA section 5(a)(2). The relevant factors to be considered are: 175

176 • The projected volume of manufacturing and processing of a chemical substance. 177

178 • The extent to which a use changes the type or form of exposure of human beings or the 179
environment to a chemical substance. 180

181

• The extent to which a use increases the ma gnitude and duration of exposure of human 182 beings or the environment to a chemical substance. 183

184 • The reasonably anticipated manner a nd methods of manufacturing, processing, 185 distribution in commerce, and dispos al of a chemical substance. 186

187

• In addition to the factors enumerated in TSCA section 5(a)(2), the statute authorizes 188 EPA to consider any other relevant factors. 189

190
Once EPA determines that a use of a chemical substance is a significant new use, TSCA 191 section 5(a)(1)(B) requires persons to submit a significant new use notice (SNUN) to EPA at 192 least 90 days before they manufacture, import, or process the chemical substance for that use (15 193 U.S.C. 2604(a)(1)(B)). As described in Unit II.C VII ., the general SNUR provisions are found at 194 40 CFR Part 721, Subpart A. 195

196 Section 26(c) of TSCA (15 U.S. C. Applicability of General Provisions 197

198 General provisions for SNURs appear under 40 CFR part 721, subpart A. These 199 provisions describe persons subject to the rule, recordkeeping requirements , exemptions to 200*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 6 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] reporting requirements, and applicability of the rule to uses occurring before the effective date of 201

the final rule . Provis ions relating to user f ees appear at 40 CFR part 700. According to 40 CFR 202 721.1(c), persons subject to SNURs must comply with the same notice requirements and EPA 203 regulatory procedures as submitters of Premanufacture Notices (PMNs) u nder TSCA section 204 5(a)(1)(A). In particular, these requirements include the information submissions requirements 205 of TSCA section 5(b) and 5(d)(1 ), the exemptions authorized by TSCA section 5(h)(1), (h)(2), 206 (h)(3), and (h)(5), and th e regulations at 40 CFR part 720. Once EPA receives a SNUN, EPA 207 may take regulatory action under TSCA section 5( e), 5(f), 6 or 7 to control the activities on 208
which it has received the SNUN . If EPA does not take action, EPA is required under TSCA 209 section 5(g) to explain in the Federal Register its reasons for not taking action. 210

211 Persons who export or intend to export a chemical substance id entified in a proposed or final 212 SNUR are subject to the export no tification provisions of TSCA section 12(b). The regulations 213

that interpret TSCA section 12(b) appear at 40 CF R part 707, subpart D. Persons who import a 214
chemical substance identified in a final SNUR are subject to the TSCA section 13 import 215 certification requirements, codified at 19 CFR 12.118 through 12.127 and 19 CFR 127.28. Such 216 persons must certify that the shipment of the chemical subs tance complies with all applicable 217 rules and orders under TSCA, including any SNUR requirements. The EPA policy in support of 218 import certification appears at 4 0 CFR part 707, subpart B. 219

220

III . Summary of Exposure and Hazard Information on the Glymes 221

222

A

. W hat are the C hemicals included in the SNUR? 223

224 The glymes in the category include the 14 2625(c)) authorizes EPA to take action 225

under other sections of TSCA with respect to categories of chemical substances shown in Table 226 1 of the regulatory text.

. 227

228

B. What are Why is the Uses of these Chemicals ? Agency taking this Action? 229

230

To identify the ongoing consumer uses of these glymes, as well as potential industrial 231

uses, EPA used information submitted under the 2006 Inventory Update Reporting (IUR) rule

, 232 contacted manufacturers, searched business periodicals , and searched other available sources. 233

234 Monoglyme is used in consumer products in electrolyte solutions for sealed lithium 235

batteries. Industrial uses include printed circuit board manufactu ring; in reactions with strong 236 bases; in mixtures where solvent separation and rec overy is necessary; as an inert special solvent; 237

and a s a solvent in pharmaceutical production (Ref. 1, pg. 9). 238

239 Diglyme is used as a solvent in printing ink s for consumer products and i ndustrial ly as a solvent 240 in a variety of processes (Ref. 1, pg. 10). 241

242 Triglyme is used in consumer products in consumer brake fluid s , as a solvent in consumer 243 adhesives, as a component of consumer paint and graffiti remover s and in consumer paint s

. 244

Industrial uses include generation of chemicals, use as a reaction solvent

, and use as a binding 245 agent in porcelain powders (Ref. 1, pg. 11). 246

247*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 7 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] Tetraglyme is used in consumer products as a solubilizing agent for consumer printing inks

, as a 248 coalescing agent in consumer paint s , and as a n HFC/CFC lubricant which may be used in 249

consumer air conditioners

. Industrial uses include us e as a s olubilizing agent in textiles and 250 plastics, as a dye fixation a dditive for cotton textiles, as a fungicide process solvent

, and as a gas 251 scrubbing agent (Ref. 1, pg. 12). 252

253 Polyglyme is used in consumer paint stripp ers

. Industrial uses include use as special, high 254 boiling solvents for chemical reactions

, use as a solubilizing agent fo r plastic, tex tile, and paper 255

processes , and use as a gas scrubbing agent (Ref. 1, pg. 13). 256

257 Ethyldiglyme

, b utyldiglyme

, t etraethylene glyc ol dibutyl ether

, e thylglyme, t etraethylene glycol 258 diethyl ether

, p entaethylene glycol diethyl ether

, and p olyethylene glycol dibutyl ether

, ha ve no 259

known uses in consumer products

. I ndustrial uses of these glymes can include use : as a high

260 boiling solvent for nitrocellu lose, resins, and lacquers; as a solubilizer in orga nic synthesis; as a 261 solvent in the production of plastic resins and compounds, rubber chemicals ; as a solvent for 262 conductive printing ink ; in the production of pri nted circuit etchants ; in the preparation of and 263 reaction with Grignard reagents ; in metal extractions ; a s a solvent in pharmaceutical syntheses ; 264 in the production of coatings; and as a gas scrubbing liquid (Ref. 1, pgs. 14

- 19). 265

266
The chemicals listed in Un it II.A.1., p entaethylene glycol dibutyl ether and b utyltriglyme

, 267

ha ve no known uses ( Ref. 1 , pg. 19 )

. 268

269

C . W hat are the P roduction L evels of the se Chemicals ? 270

271

The 2006 Inventory Update Reporting (IUR) regulation require d manufacturers and 272 importers of certain chemical substances incl uded on the TSCA Chemical Substance Inventory 273 to report site and manufacturing information fo r chemicals manufactured (including imported) in 274 amounts of 25,000 pounds or greater at a single si te. Table 2 summari ze s 2006 and prior year 275 IUR data for the 14 glymes. For monoglyme and diglyme

, EPA expect s that production will 276

continue. For triglyme and ethylglyme, predicting future production is infeasible, although 277 ethylglyme production appears to be increasing. For ethyldi glyme, butyldiglyme, and 278 tetraglyme, EPA expects that production will remain at the previous levels. Production of 279 pentaethylene glycol diethyl ether appears to be steadily increasing. For polyglyme

, EPA 280
expects that production will continue to decrease and/or remain below the reporting level . For 281 tetraethylene glycol dibutyl ether, tetraethylene glycol diethyl et her, polyethylene glycol dibutyl 282 ether, pentaethylene glycol di butyl ether, and butyltriglyme, EPA expects that production of 283 these chemical substances, if any, will remain below rep orting levels. 284

285

Table 2

– Production Reporting Amounts to IUR 1986

- 2006 (Ref

. 1 ) [moved table] 286

287 Monoglyme, diglyme, ethyldiglyme, trig lyme, butyldiglyme, and ethylglyme are 288 included in the category of chemicals re ported as “certain glycol ethers” under the ID number 289
N230 in the Toxics Release Invent ory (TRI) (Ref. 2). The total release reported to the TRI in 290 2007 from all reporting sites was 18,476,420 pounds. This total includes air releases of 291 16,416,033 pounds from on

- site fugitive and point sources , in addition to on

- site water releases 292 of 87,035 pounds. Most of the remaining volume of release was deep

- well injected, sent to land 293 treatment, transferred for energy recovery or transferred to a PO TW. Release information about 294*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 8 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] the individual glymes wi thin the larger glycol ether category is not known (Ref. 3). 295 Manufacturers, importers, or proces sors are required to report re leases of chemicals on the TRI 296 when total manufacturing, imports or processi ng by a facility equals 25,000 pounds/year for the 297

ch emicals combined. 298

299 Ethylglyme was found in the US EPA Office of Water STORET database indicating 300 potential environmental exposure since this chem ical was found in ground water and/or surface 301 water (Ref. 3). 302

303 Monitoring data indicate that the general pop ulation may be exposed to diglyme and 304 ethyldiglyme via inhalation of ve hicle exhaust and ingestion of contaminated drinking water 305 (Refs. 4 and 5). Diglyme was listed as a c ontaminant found in drinking water (Ref. 4). 306

307 Diglyme has been detected in diluted vehicle exhaust from a light

- duty truck using 308 different fuel types (Ref. 4). 309

310 Industrial manufacture and processing may re sult in the release of glymes to the 311 environment through various waste streams (Ref. 4). Diglyme, ethyldiglyme, and ethylglyme 312
have been found at measurable concentrations in industrial wastewater treatment systems (Refs. 313 4, 5, and 6). Wastewater treatment systems discha rge to either surface waters or publicly owned 314
treatment works. Either o f these two discharge options could re sult in exposures for the general 315 population and the environment to these chemicals. 316

317 Ethyldiglyme has been qualitat ively detected in drinking wa ter from Cincinnati, OH; in 318 ground water from the Hipps Road Landfill in Jacksonville, FL; in trench leachates from Maxey 319 Flats, KY and West Valley, NY low

- level radioactive waste disposal sites and in advanced waste 320 treatment water from Lake Tahoe, CA, Pomona, CA, and Blue Plains, Washington, DC (Ref. 5). 321

322 Ethylglyme has been detected in western Cleveland, OH wastewater influents at 140 323 μg/L and it was identified in Chicago Central water works water (treated and untreated) at 2 324 μg/L (Ref. 6). 325

326 Monitoring data for ethylglyme indicates that the general pop ulation may be expos ed to 327 the chemical through releases from manufacturing f acilities. The general population can then be 328 exposed via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of drinking water, and dermal contact with these 329 substances and other products containing these chemical s. Evidence of releases from industrial 330 manufacturing and processing is demonstrated by concentrations of 400 mg/L of diglyme which 331 have been found in activated sludge from the wa ste treatment facility of the industry producing 332 the chemical (Ref. 6). 333

334

Fo r the remaining chemicals in Table 1 or Unit II.A.1.

, little or no release information 335

was found. 336

337 EPA’s Source Ranking Databank (Ref. 7) show s metal polish and polishing cloths and 338 papers as containing ethylglyme. Most of the entries into this databank for consumer products 339
are from the late 1990s and therefore may not still be current . If ethylglyme is still found in 340 these products, however

, there is potential that consumers and children might be exposed to this 341*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 9 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] chemical from the se consumer products. Furthermore, production of ethylglyme appears to be 342 increasing. 343

344
Based on IUR data and communications w ith manufacturers, EPA believes that 345 monoglyme is used as a component of lithium batteries and diglyme is used in printing inks, both 346
of which are con sumer applications of monoglyme. It is believed that disposal of the lithium 347 batteries containing monoglyme a nd paper with printing inks c ontaining diglyme could present 348 the potential for release of these chemicals to environmental media and subsequent ex posure to 349 humans and ecological receptors. 350

351 Occupational e xposure 352

353 Occupational exposure to these chemicals may occur through inhalation and dermal 354 contact at workplaces where the chemicals are produced or used. Monoglyme, diglyme, 355 ethylglyme, ethyldiglyme, triglyme, and tetraethylen e glycol diethyl ether all have vapor 356 pressures high enough to potentially result in signif icant exposures to workers if they are near the 357 chemical (Refs. 8, 9, 3, and 10). Base d on IUR data, ethyldiglyme, butyldigl yme, tetraglyme, 358 pentaethylene glycol diethyl ethe r, and polyglyme are manufactured in liquid forms, and worker 359 exposures through dermal c ontact are possible (Ref. 10 ). T h e s e chemical s do not have 360 Occupational Safety and Health Administration ( OSHA ) Permi ssible Exposure Limit s (Ref s

. 8, 361 9, and 3). Ferro Corporation, in their publi cations, recommended a Threshold Limit Value 362 (TLV) for glycol ethers of 5 ppm (Time Weighted Average (TWA )) with a Short Term Exposure 363 Limit (STEL) of 25 ppm. The 15

- minute STEL should not be achieved more than 4 times in 8 364

hours. For women of child

- bearing potential, Ferro recommend ed a TLV of 1 ppm with a STEL 365 of 5 ppm (Ref

. 11 )

. Based on the 2006 IUR reports, the maxi mum total number of potentially 366 exposed industrial workers to monoglyme and ethylglyme d uring manufacturing and industrial 367 processing and use is less than 100 each, and th e maximum total number of workers likely to be 368 exposed to diglyme was between 100 and 999 wo rkers. There may, however, be additional 369 potentially exposed industrial workers who are not included in thes e estimates since not all 370 production volume may have been accounted for in the IUR (production below 25,000 pounds at 371 a site does not have to be reported to the IUR) , and commercial workers may be exposed as well 372 (Refs. 8, 9, an d 12). 373

374

E

. What are the P otential H ealth E ffects of these C hemicals? 375 376 Toxicology studies in laboratory animals have shown that exposure to monoglyme 377 results in hemolytic (blood) effects, and developmenta l and reproductive toxicity. The acute 378 toxicity of monoglyme is low via oral, dermal and inhalation routes of exposure. The potential 379 toxicity from repeated exposure to monoglym e was assessed using a major metabolite, 2

- 380 methoxyethanol (CASRN 109

- 86

- 4). Oral 90

- day studies of 2

- methoxyethanol in rats and mice 381 showed testicular degeneration and adverse e ffects on the process of blood cell formation. The 382 lowest observed adverse effect level ( LOAEL ) in rats was 70 mg/kg

- day; the LOAEL in mice 383 was 300 mg/kg

- day. An oral prenatal deve lopmental toxicity study of monoglyme in rats 384 showed fetal mortality at doses as low as 60 mg/kg

- day, and edema at doses as low as 30 mg/kg

385 day

. An oral prenatal developmental toxicity stu dy of monoglyme in mice showed reduced fetal 386 body weight and increased skeletal defects at 2 50 mg/kg

- day. Available data also suggest that 387 monoglyme has the potential to be genotoxic (Ref. 13). 388*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 10 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] 389 Toxicology studies in laborator y animals have shown that exposure to diglyme results in 390 hemolytic (blood) effects, a nd developmental and reproductive toxicity. The acute toxicity of 391 diglyme to rats via the oral a nd inhalation routes of exposure is low. The toxicity profile 392 following repeated exposures to diglyme is similar to the profile for monoglyme. Rats showed 393 testicular degeneration and hemolytic effects following inhalation e xposure to diglyme for two 394 weeks at concentrations as low as 0.6 mg/L

- day; a NOAEL was not established. An inhalation 395

dominant

- lethal study in rats showed a re duced pregnancy rate at 5.5 mg/L

- day. An oral prenatal 396 developme ntal toxicity study in mice showed effect s on fetal growth and viability, and an 397 increase in malformations at 125 mg/kg

- day; the NOAEL was 62.5 mg/kg

- day. I n vitro gene 398

mutation and in vivo chromosomal aberration tests were negative (Ref. 14).Toxicology s tudies in 399 laboratory animals have shown that exposure to ethylglyme results in de velopmental toxicity. 400 The acute toxicity of ethylglyme is low in rats. Oral prenatal developmen tal toxicity studies of 401 ethylglyme in mice and rabbits showed a significant de crease in fetal body weight and viability, 402 and a significant increase in malformations; the NOAEL for de velopmental toxicity was 50 403 mg/kg

- day in mice and 25 mg/kg

- day in rabbits (Ref. 6 )

. 404

405

Based on a review of the literatur e, there is insufficient informat ion available to arrive at 406 any health effects related conclusions for the remaini ng chemicals in Table 1 or Unit II.A.1

. 407

408 IV. Rationale and Objectives 409

A. Rationale 410

411 EPA has concerns about the 14 glymes listed in this SNUR, all of which have similar 412

chemical structures. EPA is concerned about th e reproductive and/or developmental toxicity of 413 monoglyme, diglyme, and ethylglyme and believes that individuals could suffer adverse effects 414 from their use. In addition, EPA has concerns ab out the remaining 11 glymes due to the lack of 415 available use, exposure, and toxicity informa tion. Currently, exposure to monoglyme in lithium 416 batteries is very limited since the batteries ar e sealed. The amount of exposure to diglyme in 417 printing inks is less certain, but any additiona l use would increase the existing exposure to the 418 chemical. Ethylglyme currently has no consum er uses but has been found in water sources , its 419 production level appears to be increasing, and given its toxicity, EPA would be concerned if this 420 chemical became prevalent in consumer products. EPA further believes that the use of any of 421

these chemicals in consum er products, beyond the limited, on-going current uses, w c ould 422 significantly increase the magn itude and duration of exposure to humans and the environment 423
over that which would otherwise exist and th at such increase shoul d not occur without 424 opportunity for EPA review. Fina lly, for pentaethylene glycol di butyl ether and butyltriglyme, 425 which presently show no reported pr oduction to the IUR or any ongoing uses, EPA believes that 426

any use of these chemicals would significantly could be a significant increase in the magnitude 427 and duration of exposure to humans and th e environment over that which currently occurs exist

. 428

429 On March 18, 2008, EPA published risk base d prioritization related documents on 430 monoglyme and diglyme (Refs. 8, 9, 13, and 14), wh ich indicated that it appeared these two 431 chemicals are used in consumer products and also indicated EPA’s concer ns about the potential 432
health effects of these two chemicals. St udies on monoglyme and diglyme indicate adverse 433 health effects concerning re productive and developmental toxi city, as well as on blood and 434*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 11 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] blood-forming organs. Studies on ethylglyme show developmental toxicity as well as potential 435 for gene mutation. Several manufacturers ini tially responded that, wi th the exception of 436 monoglyme use in sealed lithium batteries, there are no consumer uses. Follow up contact with 437 manufacturers revealed some additional potentia l consumer uses and raised questions about 438 some of the other uses. For monoglyme, diglym e, and ethylglyme, as well as the remaining 11 439 chemicals, the level of toxicity is uncertain and/or the type and extent of the use of the chemical 440 is unclear. EPA is proposing to issue this S NUR to require notification prior to any new 441 manufacturing, importing, or processing of these chemicals for consumer uses (with specified 442 exceptions), or in some cases all uses. EPA in tends to continue to monitor production, use and 443 other relevant information on the subject substa nces and, where appropriate, initiate further 444

action. 445

446 EPA previously published a SNUR on November 29, 2005, (70 FR 71401), (FRL 7740- 447 7), on a major metabolite of monoglyme, 2-methoxyethanol (2 -ME), CASRN 109-86-4, 448 requiring notice to the Agency before 2-ME is used in a consumer product (40 CFR 721.10001) 449 (Ref. 15). 450

451

B. Objectives 452

453

Based on the considerations in Unit III ., EPA wants to achieve the following objectives with 454 regard to the significant new use(s) that are designated in this proposed rule: 455

456 1. EPA would receive notice of any person’s intent to manufacture, import, or process the 457 glymes listed in Table 1 and Unit II.A. 1. for the described significant new use s before that 458 activity begins. 459

460
2. EPA would have an opportunity to review and evaluate data submitted in a 461 SNUN before the notice submitter begins manufacturing, importing or processing of 462 the glymes listed in Table 1 and Unit II.A.1. for the described significant new use s

. 463

464 3. EPA would be able to regulate prospective uses of the glymes listed in Table 1 and Unit 465

II.A.1. before the described significant new use s of the chemical substance occur, provided that 466 regulation is warranted pursuant to TSCA sections 5(e), 5(f), 6 or 7. 467

468

V . Significant New Use Determination 469

470

A. What Chemicals are included in this SNUR? 471

472 The proposed category of glymes to be re gulated by this SNUR consists of the 14 473
chemical substances shown in Table 1 and Tabl e 2. Specifically, the designated significant new 474 use for the glymes chemicals in Table 1 of this unit would be “use in a consumer product,” with 475 the exception of the ongoing uses which are the excluded uses listed under “Proposed Excluded 476 Consumer Uses,” and where the designated significant new use for the chemicals in Table 2 477 would be “any use.” “Consumer product” is defined at 40 CFR 721.3 as: “a chemical substance 478 that is directly, or as part of a mixture, sold or made available to consumers for their use in or 479 around a permanent or temporary household or residence, in or around a school, or in 480

recreation.” 481*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 12 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] 482 While hazard data are only currently available for 3 of the 14 chemical substances in this 483 category (see Unit IV.D.), EPA is proposing to desi gnate significant new uses for all 14 chemical 484

substances listed in Tables 1 and 2 on the basis of the available information. Consistent with its 485 authority under TSCA section 26 (c), EPA is proposing to make all 14 chemical substances 486 subject to the significant new use rule based on si milarities in the molecular structures, physical 487 and chemical properties, uses, and potential uses of the chemical substa nces in the category. 488 EPA acknowledges that there are differences in th e ongoing uses of the 14 chemical substances, 489 and has accounted for those differences by varyi ng the proposed significant new use designations 490 for the chemical substances, as shown in Tables 1 and 2. Nonetheless, EPA believes that the 491 chemicals are sufficiently similar such that it is appropriate, for purposes of this SNUR, to act on 492 them together. EPA solicits public comment on the scope of the chemical substances to be 493 subject to this SNUR. Specifi cally, whether any of the chemi cal substances included in the 494 category are sufficiently dissimilar from the rest that they should be removed from the category, 495 or whether any additional chemical substances are sufficiently sim ilar that they should be added 496 to the category. 497

498
Table 1 – Chemicals with Use in a Consumer Pr oduct as the Proposed Significant New Use 499 and Proposed Excluded Consumer Uses 500

501 Section 5(a)(2) of TSCA states that EPA's determination that a use of a chemical substance is 502 a significant new use must be made after cons ideration of all relevant factors including: 503 CAS Registry

Number (CASRN) CA Index Name Common Name Proposed Excluded
Consumer Uses

110-71-4 Ethane, 1,2-dimethoxyMonoglyme or Monoethylene glycol dimethyl ether in electrolyte solutions for

sealed lithium batteries

111-96-6 Ethane, 1,l'-oxybis[2-methoxyDiglyme or Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether as a solvent in printing inks for consumer products

112-36-7 Ethane, 1,l'-oxybis[2-ethoxyEthyldiglyme or Diethylene glycol diethyl

ether

112-49-2 2,5,8,11-

Tetraoxadodecane Triglyme or Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether -as a solvent in consumer

adhesives -as a component of

consumer brake fluids -as a component of consumer paint/graffiti

removers -in consumer paints

112-73-2 Butane, 1,1'- [oxybis(2,1-ethanediyloxy)]bisButyldiglyme or Diethylene glycol dibutyl

ether

112-98-1 5,8,11,14,17-

Pentaoxaheneicosane Tetraethylene glycol dibutyl ether*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 13 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] 143-24-8 2,5,8,11,14- Pentaoxapentadecane Tetraglyme or Tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether -as an HFC/CFC lubricant -as a solubilizing agent for consumer printing inks -as a coalescing agent in consumer paints

629-14-1 Ethane, 1,2-diethoxy- Ethylglyme or Ethylene glycol diethyl ether

4353-28-0 3,6,9,12,15- Pentaoxaheptadecane Tetraethylene glycol diethyl ether

23601-39-0 3,6,9,12,15,18-

Hexaoxaeicosane Pentaethylene glycol diethyl ether

24991-55-7 Poly(oxy-l,2- ethanediyl), .alpha.- methyl-.omega.-methoxyPolyglyme or Polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether use in consumer paint strippers

31885-97-9 Poly(oxy-1,2- ethanediyl), .alpha.- butyl-.omega.-butoxyPolyethylene glycol dibutyl ether

504 Table 2 – Chemicals with “Any Use” as the Proposed Significant New Use 505 CAS Registry

Number (CASRN) CA Index Name Common Name

51105-00-1 5,8,11,14,17,20-Hexaoxatetracosane Pentaethylene glycol dibutyl ether

63512-36-7 5,8,11,14-Tetraoxaoctadecane Butyltriglyme or Triethylene glycol dibutyl ether

506

B. What Relevant Factors were Considered for this SNUR? 507

508

509 • The projected volume of manufacturing and processing of a chemical substance. 510

511 • The extent to which a use changes the t ype or form of exposure of human beings 512

or the environment to a chemical substance. 513

514

• T he extent to which a use increases th e magnitude and duration of exposure of 515 human beings or the environment to a chemical substance. 516

517 • The reasonably anticipated manne r and methods of manufacturing, processing, 518 distribution in commerce, and dispos al of a chemical substance. 519

520

In addition to these factors enumerated in TSCA section 5(a)(2), the statute authorizes EPA 521 to consider any othe r relevant factors. 522

523 To develop its preliminary determination of what would c onstitute a significant new use 524*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 14 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] of the glymes listed in Table 1 and Unit II.A.1.

, Table 2, EPA considered relevant information 525 about the toxicity of these substances, likel y human exposures and environmental releases 526 associated with possible uses, and the four factors listed in se ction 5(a)(2) of TSCA

. and Unit 527 II.A. of this proposed SNUR. 528

529 The latest information available to EPA, which is summarized in Unit IV. of this SNUR, 530

indicates that based on historical production levels of five of th ese chemicals, any production or 531 commencement of IUR reporting would be cons idered a significant change. For the two 532 chemicals which currently do not appear to be in production or use, commencement of 533 production for any use could result in a significant increase in the type and form of exposure to 534

both humans and the environment. For the seve n chemicals which currently do not have ongoing 535 consumer uses, any commencement of use in a consumer product would change the type of 536 exposure to humans from indirect to direct exposure and the form of exposure from primarily 537

inhalation to both inhalati on and skin exposure. 538

539 EPA believes that any shift from a status of no uses in a consumer product to any use in a 540 consumer product would increase the magnitude and duration of exposure to consumers than 541

would otherwise exist since use of a consumer product could result in more frequent, direct, and 542 longer exposures than the infreque nt or indirect exposures that currently exist. Additional 543 workers are also likely to be exposed, as is the surrounding environment at manufacturing or 544 processing sites, due to possible increases in releases which coul d contribute additional glymes 545 into the environment. Finally, EPA believes th at any changes in the reasonably anticipated 546 manner and methods of manufacturing, processing, distribution in commerce, or disposal of 547 these glymes could contribute to the type, form , magnitude and duration of exposure to humans 548

and the environment. 549

550

Based on the se relevant factors mentioned in this unit

, and addressed in this SNUR,

, 551

EPA has preliminarily determined that the manufacture, import, or processing of ethyldiglyme, 552 butyldiglyme, tetraethylene glycol dibutyl ether, ethylglyme, tetr aethylene glycol diethyl ether, 553 pentaethylene glycol diethyl ether, and polyethylene glycol dibutyl ether for any use in a 554 consumer product is a significant new use. EPA has also primarily determined that the 555 manufacture, import, or processing of monoglyme, diglyme, triglyme, tetraglyme, polyglyme for 556 any use in a consumer product, other than for the ongoing uses listed in Table 1, is a significant 557 new use. In addition, EPA has primarily determined that the manufa cture, import, or processing 558 of pentaethylene glycol dibutyl ether and butyl triglyme for any use is a significant new use

. 559

560 VI. Request C. What are EPA Objectives for Public Comment 561

562

EPA welcomes comme nts on any aspect of this SNUR

. I nformation available about toxicity and 563 exposure would assist EPA to evaluate the level of risk posed by all of the chemicals. T his unit 564

also describe s th e specific use information for which EPA would find comments especially 565 helpful

. ? 566

567 EPA wants to achieve the following objectives with regard to the significant new use(s) 568 that are designated in this proposed rule: 569

570 1. EPA would receive notice of any person’s intent to manufacture, import, or process 571*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 15 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] the glymes listed in Table 1 and Table 2 for the described significant new uses before that 572 activity begins. 573

574 2. EPA would have an opportunity to review and evaluate data submitted in a 575 SNUN before the notice submitter begins manufacturing, importing or processing of 576 the glymes listed in Table 1 and Table 2 for the described significant new uses. 577

578 3. EPA would be able to regulate prospectiv e uses of the glymes listed in Table 1 and 579 Table 2 before the described significant new uses of the chemical substance occur, provided that 580 regulation is warranted pursuant to TSCA sections 5(e), 5(f), 6 or 7. 581

582 IV. Summary of Relevant Availa ble Information on the Glymes 583

584

A. What are the Ongoing Uses of these Chemicals? 585

586

1. Known Ongoing Uses of Glymes. 587

588 To identify the ongoing consumer uses of th ese glymes, as well as potential industrial 589 uses, EPA used information submitted under th e 2006 Inventory Update Reporting (IUR) rule, 590 contacted manufacturers, searched business peri odicals, and searched other available sources. 591

592 Monoglyme is used in consumer products in electrolyte solutions for sealed lithium 593

batteries. Industrial uses include printed circuit board manufactu ring; in reactions with strong 594 bases; in mixtures where solvent separation and rec overy is necessary; as an inert special solvent; 595 and as a solvent in pharmaceutical production (Ref. 1, pg. 9). 596

597 Diglyme is used as a solvent in printing i nks for consumer products and industrially as a 598 solvent in a variety of processes (Ref. 1, pg. 10). 599

600 Triglyme is used in consumer products in consumer brake fluids, as a solvent in 601 consumer adhesives, as a component of consumer paint and graffiti removers and in consumer 602 paints. Industrial uses include generation of ch emicals, use as a reaction solvent, and use as a 603 binding agent in porcelain powders (Ref. 1, pg. 11). 604

605 Tetraglyme is used in consumer products as a solubilizing agent fo r consumer printing 606 inks, as a coalescing agent in consumer paints, and as an HFC/CFC lubricant which may be used 607

in consumer air conditioners. Industrial uses include use as a solubilizing agent in textiles and 608 plastics, as a dye fixation additive for cotton textiles, as a fungicide process solvent, and as a gas 609 scrubbing agent (Ref. 1, pg. 12). 610

611 Polyglyme is used in consumer paint strippers. Industrial uses includ e use as special, 612 high boiling solvents for chemical reactions, use as a solubilizing ag ent for plastic, textile, and 613 paper processes, and use as a gas scrubbing agent (Ref. 1, pg. 13). 614

615 Ethyldiglyme, butyldiglyme, te traethylene glycol dibutyl ethe r, ethylglyme, tetraethylene 616 glycol diethyl ether, pentaethylene glycol diethyl ether, and polyethylene gl ycol dibutyl ether, 617 have no known uses in consumer products. Industria l uses of these glymes can include use: as a 618*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 16 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] high-boiling solvent for nitrocellulo se, resins, and lacquers; as a so lubilizer in organic synthesis; 619 as a solvent in the production of plastic resins and compounds, r ubber chemicals; as a solvent for 620 conductive printing ink; in the produ ction of printed circuit etchan ts; in the preparation of and 621 reaction with Grignard reagents; in metal extracti ons; as a solvent in pharmaceutical syntheses; 622 in the production of coatings; a nd as a gas scrubbing liquid (Ref. 1, pgs. 14-19). 623

624 The chemicals listed in Table 2, pentaethyle ne glycol dibutyl ethe r and butyltriglyme, 625 have no known uses (Ref. 1, pg. 19). 626

627

2. Potential for Other Ongoing Uses of Glymes. 628

629 In order to ascertain if there are any ongoing uses of these glymes, EPA used information 630 submitted under the IUR rule, contacted manufactur ers, searched business periodicals, and 631
searched other available sources. In some in stances, EPA could confirm the existence of an 632 ongoing use in a consumer product from the informati on reviewed. In other instances, the results 633 of EPA’s search were unclear, and EPA could not confirm whether cert ain reported consumer 634 product uses were actual ongoing uses. 635

636 Therefore, EPA is requesting public co mment on whether any of the additional 637

unconfirmed uses listed in this unit are actual, ongoing uses in a consumer product, and whether 638 there are any other ongoing uses in a consumer pr oduct of the chemicals listed in Table 1. For 639 pentaethylene glycol dibutyl ether and butyltriglyme, EPA is requesting public comment on 640 whether there are any ongoing uses at all (consumer or industrial). EPA doe s not anticipate that 641 it will add additional exclusions to the final rule, beyond those listed in Table 1, except where 642 public comment adequately subs tantiates the existence of such a claimed additional ongoing use. 643

644 Table 3 – Reported Consumer Uses of Glymes that are Unconfirmed 645

646

Common Name Additional Unco nfirmed Reports of Use (In addition to any confirmed ongoing cons umer uses listed in Table 1) Monoglyme Treat aluminum surfaces to ensure surfaces are less reactive, inner and outer layer etching of printe d circuit board manufacturing. Diglyme Component in automotive care pr oducts, a component of brake fluid, a component in paints and coatings, and a component in adhesives and

sealants. Ethyldiglyme Component in paint and paint varnishes, use in coatings manufacturing, use in adhesives manufacturing, and as a solvent in printing Triglyme None in consumer products Butyldiglyme None in consumer products Tetraethylene glycol dibutyl ether Use as an ingredient in consumer brake fluid

Tetraglyme Use in fabrics, textiles and apparel Ethylglyme Use as a solvent in consumer paint production, use as an adhesive solvent, use as a polycarbonate swelli ng agent, use in consumer polishes and related products Tetraethylene glycol Use as an in gredient in consumer brake fluid*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 17 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] diethyl ether Pentaethylene glycol diethyl ether Use as an ingredient in consumer brake fluid, use in the soldering of

electronic circuit boards Polyglyme Use in adhesive removers, use in fragrance produc tion, use in anti-fog compounds, use in brake fluid, use in automotive care products, and use in paper products Polyethylene glycol dibutyl ether Use in the production of gel laundry detergents

Pentaethylene glycol dibutyl ether None

Butyltriglyme None

647

B. What are the Estimated Production Levels of these Chemicals? 648

649 The 2006 Inventory Update Reporting (IUR) regulation required manufacturers and 650 importers of certain chemical substances incl uded on the TSCA Chemical Substance Inventory 651 to report site and manufacturing information fo r chemicals manufactured (including imported) in 652 amounts of 25,000 pounds or greater at a single site . For monoglyme and diglyme, EPA expects 653 that current production levels will continue. For triglyme and ethylglyme, predicting future 654 production is infeasible, although ethylglyme production appears to be increasing. For 655 ethyldiglyme, butyldiglyme, and tetraglyme, EP A expects that production will remain at the 656 previous levels. Production of pentaethylene glycol diethyl ether appears to be steadily 657 increasing. For polyglyme, EPA expects that production will continue to decrease and/or remain 658

the same . For tetraethylene glycol dibut yl ether, tetraethylene glycol diethyl ether, polyethylene 659 glycol dibutyl ether, pentaethyle ne glycol dibutyl et her, and butyltriglyme, EPA expects that 660 production of these chemical substances, if any, will remain below reporting levels. Previous 661 IUR reporting rules required that chemicals pr oduced at amounts of 10,000 pounds or greater be 662 reported. Table 3 summarizes 2006 and prior year IUR data for the 14 glymes. The projected 663
trends are based on the IUR data from 1986-2006. The projections may not be precise since the 664
IUR data does not reflect 100% of chemicals and their production and requi rements for reporting 665

have varied over time. 666

667 Table 4 – Production Reportin g Amounts to IUR 1986-2006 (Ref. 1) 668

669

Common Name 2006 IUR Reporting Prior IUR Reporting Monoglyme >1M - <10M lbs 1986: >10K-<500K lbs 1990-2002: >1M - <10M lbs each year Diglyme >1M - <10M lbs 1986-2002: >1M - <10M lbs each year Ethyldiglyme >10K - <500K lbs 1986-2002: >10K – <500K lbs each year Triglyme No report 1994-2002: >10K - <500K lbs each year Butyldiglyme >10K - <500K lbs 1990-2002: >10K - <500K lbs each year Tetraethylene glycol dibutyl ether No report No reports 1986-2002

Tetraglyme >10K - <500K lbs 1986-2002: >10K - <500K lbs each year Ethylglyme >10K - <500K lbs 1986-2002 : no reports Tetraethylene glycol No report No reports 1986-2002*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 18 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] diethyl ether Pentaethylene glycol diethyl ether >1M - <10M lbs 1986 & 1990: >10K - <500K lbs each year 1994: no report
1998: >500K - <1M lbs

2002: >1M - <10M lbs Polyglyme 10-500K 1986: >1M - <10M lbs 1994: no report; 1998, 2002: >10K - <500K lbs each year Polyethylene glycol dibutyl ether No report No reports 1986-2002

Pentaethylene glycol dibutyl ether No report No reports 1986-2002

Butyltriglyme No report No reports 1986-2002

670

C. What are the Potential Routes and Sour ces of Exposure for these Chemicals? 671

672 The following are summaries of the poten tial routes and sources of exposure for these 673 chemicals considering ongoing current uses. Mo re detailed information can be found in the 674 Exposure Characterization documents for monogly me and diglyme (Refs. 8, 9) and in the 675 description of ethylglyme in the Hazar dous Substances Data Bank (Ref. 6). 676

677

1. Potential exposures to the environm ent, consumers, and general population. 678

679 The exposures described in this unit reflect th e actual and/or potent ial indirect exposures 680 to the environment, consumers, and the genera l population resulting from ongoing industrial and 681 commercial uses of these glymes. Consumer uses , however, also potentially allow for the direct 682 exposure to skin from product handling and more immediate inhalation exposures resulting from 683 proximity to the product. However, little to no data is available for those t ypes of use scenarios. 684

685 Monoglyme, diglyme, ethyldiglyme, trig lyme, butyldiglyme, and ethylglyme are 686 included in the category of chemicals reported as “certain glycol ethers” under the ID number 687
N230 in the Toxics Release Invent ory (TRI) (Ref. 2). The total release reported to the TRI in 688 2007 from all reporting sites was 18,476,420 pounds. This total includes air releases of 689 16,416,033 pounds from on-site fugitive and point source s, in addition to on-site water releases 690 of 87,035 pounds. Most of the remaining volume of release was deep-well injected, sent to land 691 treatment, transferred for energy recovery or transferred to a PO TW. Release information about 692 the individual glymes within the larger glycol ether ca tegory is not known (Ref. 3). 693 Manufacturers, importers, or proces sors are required to report re leases of chemicals on the TRI 694 when total manufacturing, imports or processi ng by a facility equals 25,000 pounds/year for the 695

chemicals combined. 696

697 Ethylglyme was found in the US EPA Office of Water STORET database indicating 698 potential environmental exposure since this chem ical was found in ground water and/or surface 699 water (Ref. 3). 700

701 Monitoring data indicate that the genera l population may be exposed to diglyme and 702 ethyldiglyme via inhalation of ve hicle exhaust and ingestion of contaminated drinking water 703*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 19 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] (Refs. 4 and 5). Diglyme was listed as a c ontaminant found in drinking water (Ref. 4). 704

705 Diglyme has been detected in diluted vehi cle exhaust from a light-duty truck using 706 different fuel types (Ref. 4). 707

708 Industrial manufacture and processing may re sult in the release of glymes to the 709 environment through various waste streams (Ref. 4). Diglyme, ethyldiglyme, and ethylglyme 710
have been found at measurable concentrations in industrial wastewater treatment systems (Refs. 711 4, 5, and 6). Wastewater treatment systems discha rge to either surface waters or publicly owned 712
treatment works. Either of these two discharge options could result in exposures for the general 713 population and the environment to these chemicals. 714

715 Ethyldiglyme has been qualitat ively detected in drinking wa ter from Cincinnati, OH; in 716 ground water from the Hipps Road Landfill in Jacks onville, FL; in trench leachates from Maxey 717 Flats, KY and West Valley, NY low- level radioactive waste disposal sites and in advanced waste 718 treatment water from Lake Tahoe, CA, Pomona, CA, and Blue Plains, Washington, DC (Ref. 5). 719

720 Ethylglyme has been detected in western Cleveland, OH wastewat er influents at 140 721 μg/L and it was identified in Chicago Central water works water (treated and untreated) at 2 722 μg/L (Ref. 6). 723

724 Monitoring data for ethylglyme indicates that the general populati on may be exposed to 725 the chemical through releases from manufacturing f acilities. The general population can then be 726 exposed via inhalation of ambient air, ingestion of drinking water, and dermal contact with these 727 substances and other products containing these ch emicals. Evidence of releases from industrial 728 manufacturing and processing is demonstrated by concentrations of 400 mg/L of diglyme which 729 have been found in activated sludge from the wa ste treatment facility of the industry producing 730 the chemical (Ref. 6). 731

732 For the remaining chemicals in Table 1 or Ta ble 2, little or no release information was 733

found. 734

735 EPA’s Source Ranking Databank (Ref. 7) show s metal polish and polishing cloths and 736 papers as containing ethylglyme. Most of the entries in this da tabank for consumer products are 737 from the late 1990s and therefore may not still be current. If ethylglyme is still found in these 738 products, however, there is potential that cons umers and children might be exposed to this 739 chemical from these consumer products. Furthermore, production of ethylglyme appears to be 740 increasing. 741

742
Based on IUR data and communications w ith manufacturers, EPA believes that 743 monoglyme is used as a component of lithium batteries and diglyme is used in printing inks, both 744 of which are consumer applications of monoglyme. It is believed that disposal of the lithium 745 batteries containing monoglyme a nd paper with printing inks c ontaining diglyme could present 746 the potential for release of these chemicals to environmental media and subsequent exposure to 747 humans and ecological receptors. 748

749

2. Potential occupational exposure. 750*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 20 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] 751 Occupational exposure to these chemicals may occur through inhalation and dermal 752 contact at workplaces where the chemicals are produced or used. Monoglyme, diglyme, 753 ethylglyme, ethyldiglyme, triglyme, and tetrae thylene glycol diethyl ether all have vapor 754 pressures high enough to potentially result in signif icant exposures to workers if they are near the 755 chemical (Refs. 8, 9, 3, and 10). Based on IUR data, ethyldiglyme, butyldiglyme, tetraglyme, 756 pentaethylene glycol diethyl ethe r, and polyglyme are manufactured in liquid forms, and worker 757 exposures through dermal c ontact are possible (Ref. 10). 758

759 These chemicals do not have Occupational Sa fety and Health Ad ministration (OSHA) 760 Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) (Refs. 8, 9, and 3). Ferro Corporation, in their publications, 761 recommended a Threshold Limit Value (TLV) fo r glycol ethers of 5 ppm (Time Weighted 762 Average (TWA)) with a Short Term Exposure Li mit (STEL) of 25 ppm. The 15-minute STEL 763
should not be achieved more than 4 times in 8 hours. For women of child-bearing potential, 764 Ferro recommended a TLV of 1 ppm with a STEL of 5 ppm (Ref. 11). 765

766 Based on the 2006 IUR reports, the maximu m total number of potentially exposed 767 industrial workers to monoglyme and ethylglyme during manufacturing and industrial processing 768 and use is less than 100 each, and the maximum tota l number of workers likely to be exposed to 769 diglyme was between 100 and 999 workers. There may, however, be additional potentially 770 exposed industrial workers who are not include d in these estimates since not all production 771 volume may have been accounted for in the IUR (production below 25,000 pounds at a site does 772 not have to be reported to the IUR), and commerci al workers may be exposed as well (Refs. 8, 9, 773 and 12). 774

775

D. What are the Potential Health Effects of these Chemicals? 776

777 The following are summaries of the potenti al health effects of these chemicals 778 considering ongoing current uses. More detail ed information can be found in the Hazard 779 Characterization documents for monoglyme and digl yme (Refs. 13, 14) and in the description of 780 ethylglyme in the Hazardous Substances Data Bank (Ref. 6). 781

782 Toxicology studies in laborator y animals have shown that exposure to monoglyme results 783 in hemolytic effects (destruction of red bl ood cells), and developm ental and reproductive 784 toxicity. The acute toxicity of monoglyme is low via oral, de rmal and inhalation routes of 785 exposure. Monoglyme’s chronic adverse health e ffects generally fall into the moderate to high 786 hazard range based on the clas sification ranges used in the Globally Harmonized System for 787
Classification and Labeli ng of Chemicals (GHS). The potential toxicity from repeated exposure 788 to monoglyme was assessed using a major metabo lite, 2-methoxyethanol (CASRN 109-86-4). 789 Oral 90-day studies of 2-methoxye thanol in rats and mice showed testicular degeneration and 790 adverse effects on the proce ss of blood cell formation. The lowest observed adverse effect level 791 (LOAEL) in rats was 70 mg/kg-day; the LOAEL in mice was 300 mg/kg-day. An oral prenatal 792 developmental toxicity study of monoglyme in rats showed fetal mortality at doses as low as 60 793 mg/kg-day, and edema at doses as low as 30 mg/kg-day. An oral prenatal developmental 794 toxicity study of monoglyme in mice showed reduced fetal body weight and increased skeletal 795 defects at 250 mg/kg-day. Available data also suggest that monoglyme ha s the potential to be 796 genotoxic (Ref. 13). 797*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 21 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] 798 Toxicology studies in laborator y animals have shown that exposure to diglyme results in 799 hemolytic effects (destruction of red blood cells), and developmen tal and reproductive toxicity. 800 The acute toxicity of diglyme to rats via the oral and inhalati on routes of exposure is low. The 801
chronic adverse health effects of diglyme generally fall into th e moderate to high hazard range 802

based on the classifi cation ranges used in the GHS. The toxicity profile following repeated 803 exposures to diglyme is simila r to the profile for monoglyme. Rats showed testicular 804 degeneration and hemolytic effects following inha lation exposure to diglyme for two weeks at 805 concentrations as low as 0.6 mg/L-day; a NOAEL was not established. An inhalation dominant806 lethal study in rats showed a reduced pregnancy rate at 5.5 mg/L-day (5.5 ppm in air). An oral 807 prenatal developmental toxicity study in mice s howed effects on fetal growth and viability, and 808 an increase in malformations at 125 mg /kg-day; the NOAEL wa s 62.5 mg/kg-day. I n vitro gene 809

mutation and in vivo chromosomal aberration test s were negative (Ref. 14). 810

811 Toxicology studies in laborator y animals have shown that exposure to ethylglyme results 812 in developmental toxicity. The acute toxicity of ethylglyme is low in rats. Oral prenatal 813 developmental toxicity studies of ethylglyme in mice and rabbits showed a significant decrease 814 in fetal body weight and viab ility, and a significant increase in malformations; the NOAEL for 815 developmental toxicity was 50 mg/kg-day in mice and 25 mg/kg-day in rabbits (Ref. 6), both 816 falling into the high chronic h azard range based on the GHS. 817

818
Based on a review of the literatur e, there is insufficient informa tion available to arrive at any 819

health effects related conclusions for the remaining chemicals in Table 1 or 820

VI I Table 2. 821

822

V . Alternatives Considered for this SNUR 823

824 Before proposing this SNUR, EPA consider ed promulgating a TSCA section 8(a) 825 reporting rule for these glymes. Under a TS CA section 8(a) rule , EPA could, among other 826 things, generally require persons to report information to the Agency when they intend to 827 manufacture, import, or process a listed chemical for a specific use or any use. However, for 828 these glymes, the use of TSCA section 8(a) ra ther than SNUR authority would have several 829 limitations. First, if EPA was to require repor ting under TSCA section 8(a) instead of TSCA 830 section 5(a), EPA would not have the opportunity to review human and environmental hazards 831 and exposures associated with the proposed significant new use and, if necessary, take 832 immediate follow-up regulatory action under TSCA sec tions 5(e) or 5(f) to prohibit or limit the 833 activity before it begins. In addition, EPA may not receive im portant information from small 834 businesses, because such firms generally ar e exempt from TSCA section 8(a) reporting 835 requirements. In view of the level of hea lth and environmental concerns about monoglyme, 836 diglyme, and ethylglyme if used for the proposed significant new use, and the lack of 837 information to be able to judge exposure for the remaining glymes, EPA believes that a TSCA 838 section 8(a) rule for this substance woul d not meet EPA's regulatory objectives. 839

840

VII I VI . Applicability of Rule to Uses Occurrin g Before Effective Date of the Final Rule 841

842 As discussed in the Federal Register of April 24, 1990 (55 FR 17376), EPA has decided 843 that the intent of section 5(a)(1)(B) of TSCA is best served by designa ting a use as a significant 844*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 22 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] new use as of the date of publication of the proposed rule rather than as of the effective date of 845 the final rule. If uses beg un after publication of the proposed rule were considered ongoing 846 rather than new, it would be difficult for EPA to establish SNUR notice requirements, because a 847 person could defeat the SNUR by initiating the proposed signifi cant new use before the rule 848 became final, and then argue that the use was ongoing as of the effective date of the final rule. 849 Thus, persons who begin commercial manufacture, import, or processing of the chemical 850 substance(s) that would be regul ated through this proposed rule, if finalized, would have to cease 851 any such activity before the effective date of th e rule if and when finalized. To resume their 852 activities, these person s would have to comply with all applicable SNUR notice requirements 853 and wait until the notice review pe riod, including all ex tensions, expires. EPA has promulgated 854 provisions to allow persons to comply with this SNUR before the effective date. If a person 855

were to meet the conditions of advance co mpliance under section 721.45(h), that person would 856 be considered to have met the requirement s of the final SNUR for those activities. 857

858

V I X I

. Applicability of General Provisions 859

860 General provisions for SNURs appear under 40 CFR part 721, subpart A. These 861 provisions describe persons subject to the rule , recordkeeping requirements, exemptions to 862 reporting requirements, and applicability of the rule to uses occurring before the effective date of 863
the final rule. Provisions relati ng to user fees appear at 40 CF R part 700. According to 40 CFR 864 721.1(c), persons subject to SNURs must comply with the same notice requirements and EPA 865 regulatory procedures as submitters of Prema nufacture Notices (PMNs) under TSCA section 866 5(a)(1)(A). In particular, these requirements include the information submissions requirements 867 of TSCA section 5(b) and 5(d)(1 ), the exemptions authorized by TSCA section 5(h)(1), (h)(2), 868 (h)(3), and (h)(5), and the regulations at 40 CFR part 720. Once EPA receives a SNUN, EPA 869 may take regulatory action under TSCA section 5( e), 5(f), 6 or 7 to control the activities on 870
which it has received the SNUN . If EPA does not take action, EPA is required under TSCA 871 section 5(g) to explain in the Federal Register its reasons for not taking action. 872

873 Persons who export or intend to export a ch emical substance identified in a proposed or 874 final SNUR are subject to th e export notification provisions of TSCA section 12(b). The 875 regulations that interpret TSCA section 12(b) appear at 40 CFR part 707, subpart D. Persons 876 who import a chemical substance identified in a final SNUR are subject to the TSCA section 13 877 import certification requirements, codified at 19 CFR 12.118 through 12.127; see also 19 CFR 878

127.28. Such persons must certify that the shipment of the chemical substance complies with all 879 applicable rules and orders under TSCA, includi ng any SNUR requirements. The EPA policy in 880 support of import certification appe ars at 40 CFR part 707, subpart B. 881

882

VIII. Test Data and Other Information 883

884 EPA recognizes that TSCA sec tion 5 does not require developi ng any particular test data 885

before submission of a SNUN. Persons There are two exceptions: 1) development of test data is 886 required where the chemical substa nce subject to the SNUR is also subject to a test rule under 887 TSCA section 4 (see TSCA section 5(b)(1)); and 2) development of test data may be necessary 888
where the chemical substance has been listed under TSCA section 5(b)(4) (see TSCA section 889 5(b)(2)). In the absence of a s ection 4 test rule or a section 5( b)(4) listing covering the chemical 890 substance, persons are required only to submit test data in their possession or control and to 891*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 23 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] describe any other data known to or reasonabl y ascertainable by them (15 U.S.C. 2604(d); 40 892

CFR 721.25 ). , and 40 CFR 720.50). However, as a general matter, EPA recommends that 893 SNUN submitters include data that would perm it a reasoned evaluation of risks posed by the 894 chemical substance during its manufacture, import, processing, use, distri bution in commerce, or 895 disposal. EPA encourages persons to consult with the Agency before submitting a SNUN. As 896 part of this optional pre-notice consultation, EPA would discuss speci fic data it believes may be 897 useful in evaluating a significant new use. SNUNs submitted for signifi cant new uses without 898 any test data may increase the likelihood that EP A will take action under TSCA section 5(e) to 899 prohibit or limit activities associ ated with this chemical. 900

901
SNUN submitters should be aware that EPA will be better able to evaluate SNUNs that 902 provide detailed information on: 903

904 1. Human exposure and environmental releas es that may result from the significant new 905

uses of the chemical substances. 906

2. Potential benefits of the chemical substances. 907 3. Information on risks posed by the chemical substances compared to risks posed by 908 potential substitutes. 909

910

X IX . SNUN Submissions 911

912
EPA recommends that submitters consult with the Agency prior to submitting a SNUN to 913 discuss what data may be useful in evaluati ng a significant new use. Discussions with the 914 Agency prior to submission can afford ample time to conduct any tests that might be helpful in 915 evaluating risks posed by the substance. According to 40 CFR 721.1(c), persons submitting a 916 SNUN must comply with the same notice re quirements and EPA regulatory procedures as 917 persons submitting a PMN, including submission of test data on health and environmental effects 918
as described in 40 CFR 720.50. SNUNs must be submitted to EPA, on EPA Form No. 7710-25 919 in accordance with the procedures set forth in 40 CFR 721.25 and 720.40

. 920

921
SNUNs must be mailed to the Environmen tal Protection Agency, OPPT Document 922 Control Office (7407M), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenu e, NW., Washington, D.C. 20460

- 0001. 923
Information must be submitted in the form and manner set forth in EPA Form No. 7710

- 25. This 924
form is available from the Environmental Assistance Division (7408M), 1200 Pennsylvania 925 Avenue, NW., Washington, D.C. 20460

- 0001 (see 40 CFR 721.25 and 720.40). Forms and 926 information are also available electronically at 927 Readers are reminded that EPA published a fi nal rule at 75 FR 773 on January 6, 2010, that 928 established standards and requirements for the us e of the electronic-PMN (e-PMN) software and 929 EPA's Central Data Exchange (CDX) to electr onically submit these notices. The Agency is 930 introducing electronic reporting vi a CDX using the e-PMN in three phases over a two-year 931 period. The effective date of the rule was Ap ril 6, 2010. During the first year following the 932 effective date of the final rule, submissions will be permitted via CDX, optical disc, or paper. 933 After April 6, 2011, paper submissions will no lo nger be accepted. After April 6, 2012, all 934 submissions will be required to be submitted elec tronically via CDX. Regardless of the delivery 935 method, after April 6, 2010, EPA requires that al l submissions be generated using the new e936
PMN software. For additional info rmation and instructions go to: 937 http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/newchems//epmn/epmn-index.htm

. 938*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 24 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] X I . Until April 6, 2012, SNUNs may still be maile d to the Environmental Protection Agency, 939 OPPT Document Control Office (7407M), 1200 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 940

20460-0001. 941

942

X . Economic Analysis 943
944

A. SNUNs 945

946 EPA has evaluated the potent ial costs of establishing S NUR reporting requirements for 947 potential manufacturers, importers, and processors of the chemical substances included in this 948 proposed rule. While most businesses are su bject to a $2,500 user fee required by 40 CFR 949 700.45(b)(2)(iii), small businesses with annual sa les of less than $40 million when combined 950 with those of the parent company (if any) ar e subject to a reduced user fee of $100 (40 CFR 951 700.45(b)(1)). The costs of submission of SNUNs will not be incurred by any company unless a 952 company decides to pursue a significant new use as defined in th is proposed SNUR. 953 Furthermore, EPA believes that the expense of submitting a notice (approximately $6,000 plus 954 the user fee) is unlikely to discourage innovations of high poten tial value. EPA's complete 955 economic analysis is available in the public docket for this proposed rule (Ref. 16). 956

957

B. Export Notification 958

959 Under section 12(b) of TSCA and the im plementing regulations at 40 CFR part 707, 960 subpart D, exporters must notify EPA if they expor t or intend to export a chemical substance or 961 mixture for which, among other things, a rule has been proposed or promulgated under TSCA 962 section 5. For persons exporting a substance the subject of a S NUR, a one-time notice must be 963 provided for the first export or intended export to a particular country. EPA estimates the one964 time cost to be approximately $937 per exporter including mailing costs. The total costs of 965 export notification will vary by chemical, depe nding on the number of required notifications 966 (i.e., the number of countries to which the chem ical is exported). Because EPA is unable to 967 make an estimate of the likely number of export no tifications for the chemicals covered in this 968 proposed SNUR, a total export notification cost is not available. 969

970 XI. Request for Public Comment 971

972 EPA welcomes comment on all aspects of th is proposed rule. In addition, EPA is 973 particularly interested in receiving stakeholder in put on a number of issues that were identified 974 for public comment earlier in this proposed ru le. Please provide comments on the following 975

issues: 976

977

1. Scope of the chemical substances to be subject to this SNUR. While hazard data are 978 only currently available for 3 of the 14 chemical substances in the glymes chemical category 979 identified in this proposed rule (see Unit IV.D.), EPA is proposi ng to designate significant new 980

uses for all 14 chemical substances listed in Ta bles 1 and 2 in Unit III.A. on the basis of the 981
available information. As discussed in Unit II I.A. of this document, EPA believes that the 982 chemicals are sufficiently similar such that it is appropriate, for purposes of this SNUR and 983 consistent with TSCA section 26(c), to act on th em together. However, EPA would be interested 984 in hearing whether any of the chemical substa nces included in the category are sufficiently 985*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 25 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] dissimilar from the rest such th at they should be removed from the category, or whether any 986 additional chemical substances are sufficiently si milar such that they should be added to the 987
category. 988

989

2. Ongoing uses. EPA solicits comment on whether any of the additional unconfirmed 990 uses listed in this proposed rule are actual ongoing uses in a consumer product, and whether 991 there are any other ongoing uses in a consumer pr oduct of the chemicals listed in Table 1 in Unit 992 III.A. For pentaethylene glycol dibutyl ethe r and butyltriglyme, EPA is soliciting comment on 993 whether there are any ongoing uses at all (consum er or industrial). In providing comments on 994 ongoing uses, it would be most helpful if you provide sufficient information for EPA to 995 adequately substantiate the existe nce of a claimed additional ongoing use. 996

997
XII. References 998

999
The sources listed in this unit were used as refe rences for this SNUR and are included in the 1000 public docket for this action, EPA

- HQ

- OPPT

- 20 09

- 0767

. 1001

1002 The following is a list of the documents that are specifically referenced in this proposed 1003 rule and placed in the public docket that wa s established under Dock et ID No. EPA-HQ-OPPT1004 2009-0767. The docket includes information considered by EPA in developing this proposed 1005 rule. In addition, interested parties should consult documents that are referenced in the 1006 documents that EPA has placed in the public do cket, regardless of whether these referenced 1007 documents are physically located in the public docket. 1008

1009 1. Wilson, Kimberly; Tome, Alice; and Na rayan, Tulika, Abt Associates, Inc. 1010 “Memorandum to EPA, Nishkam Ag arwal, ‘Actual and Potential Uses of Fourteen Selected 1011 Glymes,’” September 9, 2009. 1012

1013

2. US EPA

. TRI Website. http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/glycol2000.pdf 1014

1015

3. US EPA

, . Exposure Characterization for Ethylglyme, November 6, 2009

. 1016

1017

4. Hazardous Substances Data Bank ( HSDB

, 2008. ). Hazardous Substances Data Bank. 1018 Entry for diglyme. Accessed October 30, 2009. http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov

. 1019

1020 5. Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB ), http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov

. ). Entry for 1021

CASRN 112-36-7

, . Accessed on October 28, 2009. http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov. 1022

1023
6. Hazardous Substances Data Bank

, http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov

. (HSDB). Entry for 1024 Ethylene glycol diethyl ether, CASR N 629-14-1. Accessed on October 30, 2009. 1025 http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov. 1026

1027 7. The Source Ranking Database is an EP A database that performs a systematic 1028 screening-level review of over 12,000 potential indoor pollution source s to identify high-priority 1029 product and material categories for further evaluati on. It can also identify the products that have 1030 contained a specific chemical. May, 1997. 1031 http://www.epa.gov/oppt/exposure/pubs/srd_apdx.pdf http://www.epa.gov/oppt/exposure/pubs/sr 1032*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 26 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] d_apdx.pdf

. 1033

1034

8. US EPA

, . Screening-Level Exposure Characte rization of High Production Volume 1035 Chemicals: 1,2-Dimethoxyeth ane (CAS No. 110-71-4), [9 th CI Name: Ethane, 1,2-dimethoxy-], 1036
March 2008

. , page 21. 1037 http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/hpvis/ rbp/Monoglyme.110714.Web.SupportDocs.31408.pdf 1038

1039

9. US EPA

, . Screening-Level Exposure Characte rization of High Production Volume 1040 Chemicals: Diglyme (CAS No. 111-96-6), [9 th CI Name: Bis(2-methoxyethyl) Ether], March 1041

2008

. , page 16. 1042 http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/hpvis/ rbp/Diglyme.111966.Web.SupportDocs.031808.pdf 1043

1044

10. US EPA , EETD/EAB . Physical-Chemical Properties and Fate Characterization: 1045 Glycol Ethers. Washington, DC: U.S. EPA/OPPT/EETD/EAB. August 2009. 1046

1047 11. Ferro Corporation. 1,2-Dimethoxye thane US EPA HPV Challenge Program 1048
Submission

, . December 2001, pages 7-8 of 93. 1049

1050

12. US EPA. IUR database search results for number of workers exposed to ethylglyme, 1051 http://cfpub.epa.gov /iursearch/2006_iur_na tlcheminfo.cfm?id=3975 , accessed on October 21, 1052

2009. 1053

1054

13. US EPA

, . Screening-Level Hazard Characte rization of High Production Volume 1055 Chemicals: 1,2-Dimethoxyeth ane (CAS No. 110-71-4), [9 th CI Name: Ethane, 1,2-dimethoxy-], 1056 February 2008

. , page 6. 1057 http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/hpvis/ rbp/Monoglyme.110714.Web.SupportDocs.31408.pdf 1058
1059

14. US EPA

, . Screening-Level Hazard Characte rization of High Production Volume 1060 Chemicals: Diglyme (CAS No. 111-96-6), [9 th CI Name: Bis(2-methoxyethyl) Ether], February 1061

2008

. , page 6. 1062 http://www.epa.gov/chemrtk/hpvis/ rbp/Diglyme.111966.Web.SupportDocs.031808.pdf 1063

1064 15. US EPA. “2-ethoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol acetate, 2-methoxyethanol, and 2- 1065 methoxyethanol acetate; Significant New Use Rule.” 70 FR 71401, November 29, 2005. 1066

1067

16. US EPA 20 10 . Economic Analysis of the Propos ed Significant New Use Rule for 14 1068 Glymes. Washington, DC: U.S. EP A/OPPT/EETD/EPAB, January 12, 2010. 1069

1070 XIII. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews 1071
A. Executive Order 12866: 1072

A. Regulatory Planning and Review 1073

1074
Under Executive Or der 12866, entitled Regulatory Planning and Review (58 FR 51735, 1075 October 4, 1993), the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has determined that designated 1076

this proposed SNUR is a ‘‘ “ significant regulatory action ,’’ because it meets the criteria in ” 1077

under section 3(f) of the Executive Order. Accordingly, this action was submitted to the OMB 1078 for review under Executive Order 12866 and any changes made based on in response to OMB 1079*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 27 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] recommendations have been documented in the public docket for this rulemaking as required by 1080 section 6(a)(3)(E) of the Executive Order. 1081

1082

B. Paperwork Reduction Act 1083

1084 According to the Paperwork Reduction Act (PRA), 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., an Agency 1085 may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to res pond to a collection of 1086 information that requires OMB approval under the PRA, unless it has been approved by OMB 1087 and displays a currently valid OMB control number. The OMB control numbers for EPA's 1088 regulations in Title 40 of the CFR, after appearing in the Federal Register , are listed in 40 CFR, 1089 part 9, and included on the related collection instrument, or form, if applicable. The information 1090 collection requirements related to this action ha ve already been approved by OMB pursuant to 1091 the PRA under OMB control number 2070-0038 (E PA ICR No. 1188). This action does not 1092 impose any burden requiring additional OMB approval. If an entity were to submit a SNUN to 1093 the Agency, the annual burden is estimated to average 110 hours per response. This burden 1094

estimate includes the time needed to review instructions, search ex isting data sources, gather and 1095 maintain the data needed, and complete, re view, and submit the required SNUN. Send any 1096 comments about the accuracy of the burden estim ate, and any suggested methods for minimizing 1097 respondent burden, including through the use of auto mated collection techniques, to the Director, 1098 Collection Strategies Division, Office of Envi ronmental Information (2822T), Environmental 1099 Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, D.C. 20460-0001. Please 1100
remember to include the OMB control number in any correspondence, but do not submit any 1101 completed forms to this address. 1102

1103

C. Regulatory Flexibility Act Small Entity Impacts 1104

1105 Pursuant to section 605(b) of th e Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA ) ( ), 5 U.S.C. 601 et 1106

seq .),

., the Agency hereby certifies that promulgation of this SNUR would action will not have a 1107 significant adverse economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. The rationale 1108 supporting Under RFA, small entities include small businesses, small organizations, and small 1109 governmental jurisdictions. For pur poses of assessing the impacts of this conclusion proposed 1110 rule on small entities, small entity is defined in accordance with RFA section 601 as follows. : 1111

1112

1. A small business as defined by the Small Busi ness Administration’s (SBA) 1113 regulations at 13 CFR 121.201. 1114 2. A small governmental jurisdiction that is a government of a c ity, county, town, school 1115 district or special district w ith a population of less than 50,000. 1116 3. A small organization that is any not-fo r-profit enterprise which is independently 1117 owned and operated and is not dominant in its field. 1118

1119 A SNUR applies to any person (including small or large enti ties) who intends to engage 1120 in any activity described in the rule as a “signifi cant new use.” By definition of the word “new” 1121

and based on all information current ly available to EPA, it appears th at no small or large entities 1122 presently engage in such activity. Since this proposed SNUR would require a person who 1123 intends to engage in such ac tivity in the future to first notify EPA by submitting a SNUN, no 1124 economic impact will occur unless someone files a SNUN to pursue a significant new use in the 1125 future or forgoes profits by a voiding or delaying the significant new use. Although some small 1126*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 28 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] entities may decide to conduct su ch activities in the future, EP A cannot presently determine how 1127 many, if any, there may be. However, EPA's ex perience to date is th at, in response to the 1128 promulgation of over 1,000 SNURs, the Agency recei ves on average only 5 notices per year. Of 1129 those SNUNs submitted, only one appears to be from a small entity in response to any SNUR. 1130 Therefore, EPA believes that the potential economic impact of complying with this SNUR is not 1131 expected to be significant or adve rsely impact a substantial number of small entities. In a SNUR 1132 that published as a final rule on August 8, 1997 (62 FR 42690)(FRL-5735-4), the Agency 1133 presented its general determination that proposed and final SNURs are not expected to have a 1134 significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities, which was provided to the 1135 Chief Counsel for Advocacy of the Small Business Administration. 1136

1137

D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act 1138

1139 Based on EPA’s experience with proposing and finalizing SNURs, State, local, and 1140 Tribal governments have not been impacted by these rulemakings, and EPA does not have any 1141 reason to believe that any State, local, or Tr ibal government would be impacted by this 1142 rulemaking. As such, EPA has determined that this regulatory action would not impose any 1143 enforceable duty, contain any unfunded mandate, or otherwise have any effect on small 1144 governments subject to the requirements of sections 202, 203, 204, or 205 of the Unfunded 1145 Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA ) (Public Law 104

- 4). ), 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538. 1146

1147

E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism 1148

1149
This action would not have a substantial di rect effect on States, on the relationship 1150 between the national government and the Stat es, or on the distribution of power and 1151 responsibilities among the various levels of gove rnment, as specified in Executive Order 13132, 1152

entitled Federalism (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999). 1153

1154

F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal 1155

Governments Tribal Implications 1156

1157 This proposed rule would not have Tribal imp lications because it is not expected to have 1158

substantial direct effects on Indian Tribes. This proposed rule woul d not significantly or 1159 uniquely affect the communities of Indian Trib al governments, nor would it involve or impose 1160 any requirements that affect Indian Tribes. Accordingly, the requirements of Executive Order 1161 13175, entitled Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments (65 FR 67249, 1162 November 9, 2000), do not apply to this proposed rule. 1163

1164

G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children fr om Environmental Health Risks and Safety 1165

Risks Children’s Health Protections 1166

1167 This action is not subject to Executive Order 13045, entitled Protection of Children from 1168 Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997), because this is not 1169 an economically significant regulatory acti on as defined by Executive Order 12866, and this 1170
action does not address environm ental health or safety risk s disproportionately affecting 1171

children. 1172

1173*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 29 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] H. Executive Order 13211: Actions that Significantly Affect Affect on Energy Supply, 1174 Distribution, or Use 1175

1176 This proposed rule is not subj ect to Executive Order 13211, entitled Actions Concerning 1177 Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use (66 FR 28355, May 1178 22, 2001), because this action is not expected to affect energy supply, distribution, or use. 1179

1180

I. National Technology Transfer Advancement Act Technical Standards 1181

1182
Since Because this action does not involv e any technical standards ; , section 12(d) of the 1183 National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (NTTAA ), Public Law 104

- 113, 1184 section 12(d ) (15 U.S.C. 272 note), does not apply to this action. 1185

1186

J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority 1187 Populations and Low

- Income Populations 1188
1189 This action does not entail special considerations of environmental justice related issues 1190 as delineated by Executive Order 12898, entitled Federal Actions to Address Environmental 1191 Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994). 1192

1193

1194 List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 721 1195
1196 Environmental protection, Chemicals, Hazardous substances, Reporting and 1197 recordkeeping requirements. 1198

1199
Dated:

________ _______________ 1200

1201

________________ 1202
Click

-- Insert Title will be OPPT/OD 1203

1204

____________________________________ 1205 Director, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics. 1206

1207 Therefore, it is proposed that 40 CFR chapter I be amended as follows: 1208

PART 721- [Amended] 1209

1. The authority citation for part 721 continues to read as follows: 1210

Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2604, 2607, and 2625(c). 1211

1212 2. By adding new § 721.xxxxx to subpart E to read as follows: 1213

§ 721.xxxxx Glymes. 1214

1215 (a) Chemical substances and significant new uses subject to reporting . (1) The chemical 1216*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

Page 30 of 31 [RIN 2070-AJ52] substances identified in Table 1 are subject to reporting under this section for the significant new 1217 uses described in Table 1, Co lumn 3 “Significant New Use.” 1218

1219 Table 1 – Chemicals Subject to Repor ting and Designated Significant New Uses 1220

1221 CAS Registry

Number (CASRN) CA Index Name Significant New Use

110-71-4 Ethane, 1,2-dimethoxy- Any us e in a consumer product except in electrolyte solutions for sealed

lithium batteries 111-96-6 Ethane, 1,l'-oxybis[2-methoxy- Any use in a consumer product except

as a solvent in printing inks for consumer products 112-36-7 Ethane, 1,l'-oxybis[2-ethoxy- Any use in a consumer product 112-49-2 2,5,8,11-Tetraoxadodecane Any use in a consumer product except

-as a solvent in consumer adhesives -as a component of consumer brake

fluids -as a component of consumer paint/graffiti removers -in consumer paints 112-73-2 Butane, 1,1'-[oxybis(2,1-ethanediyloxy)]bisAny use in a consumer product

112-98-1 5,8,11,14,17-

Pentaoxaheneicosane Any use in a consumer product

143-24-8 2,5,8,11,14- Pentaoxapentadecane Any use in a consumer product except

-as an HFC/CFC lubricant -as a solubilizing agent for consumer printing inks -as a coalescing agent in consumer paints 629-14-1 Ethane, 1,2-diethoxy- Any use in a consumer product 4353-28-0 3,6,9,12,15- Pentaoxaheptadecane Any use in a consumer product

23601-39-0 3,6,9,12,15,18-

Hexaoxaeicosane Any use in a consumer product

24991-55-7 Poly(oxy-l,2-ethanediyl), .alpha.-methyl-.omega.-methoxyAny use in a consumer product except in consumer paint strippers

31885-97-9 Poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl),.alpha.-butyl-.omega.-butoxyAny use in a consumer product

51105-00-1 5,8,11,14,17,20-

Hexaoxatetracosane Any use

63512-36-7 5,8,11,14-Tetraoxaoctadecane Any use

1222*** EO 12866 Review Deliberative - Do Not Cite, Quote, or Release During Review ***

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