# Patent

## Title
Compact lighting system with infrared indicator

## Abstract

A compact lighting assembly includes a circuit board having a battery, a light, a switching circuit and a push button switch selectively powering the light with the battery via the switching circuit. The operating life of the compact lighting assembly is increased by using a rechargeable battery charged by a photovoltaic device such as a solar cell. Even greater operating life is achieved with the use of a light-actuated switch, such as a photocell or photodiode, which limits or cuts off battery draw and illumination of the light in daylight or lighted ambient conditions and enables illumination of the light in dark ambient conditions such as nighttime and low light environments. An indicator such as a visible light is provided for identifying whether or not an infrared light is on and drawing power.

## Background
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/957,590 entitled “Long Life Compact Lighting System” filed Aug. 2, 2013 which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/841,587 entitled “Compact Lighting System” filed Mar. 15, 2013 which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/395,612 entitled “Compact Lighting System” filed Mar. 12, 2012 which claimed priority to PCT application number PCT/US11/25668 entitled “Compact Lighting System” filed Feb. 22, 2011 which claimed priority to U.S. provisional application No. 61/339,232 entitled “Illuminated Safety Glove” filed Mar. 2, 2010. This application claims the benefit and priority of each of the applications identified above, which are incorporated herein in their entirety by reference.


BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY
A need exists for a compact, lightweight portable lighting system which is low in cost so as to allow for single use applications. A further need exists for such a lighting system that is optionally reusable and which can be selectively and/or automatically turned on and off to conserve battery power and extend the operating life of the lighting system.
In accordance with this disclosure, a compact lighting system has been developed which can be carried on or removably applied to a substrate such as clothing, shoes, hats, helmets, gloves, shirts, pants, belts and the like to assist in alerting others of the presence of a person located in dim or dark lighting (in the dark). The compact lighting system can also be used as a location marker to provide a light signal at a chosen location such as marking a trail or marking a specific position or building or identifying the condition of a particular location with the use of the lighting system.
For example, the compact lighting system disclosed herein can be used by military and law enforcement to indicate whether or not a room, cell, building, or a natural or man-made structure has been “cleared.” One color light can indicate a “safe” condition while another color can indicate a location which has not been cleared or checked for hazards. Ultraviolet and infrared lighting can be used for tactical police and military applications.
Because infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV) light is not visible to the unaided eye, those compact lighting systems that emit ultraviolet or infrared light do not provide any visible indication whether they are powered on or powered off. While the use of IR viewing equipment such as IR goggles allows a user to tell whether the IR lights are on or off, an indicator visible to the unaided eye can also be provided on the compact lighting assembly to allow a user to tell whether the IR lights are on or off in either daylight or in the dark. For example, a visible light can be selectively activated by a user to determine whether the IR lights are on or off and also provide an indication as to the operating mode in which the IR lights are functioning.
In addition to or as an alternative to a visual indicator, a tactile or audible indicator can be provided on the compact lighting system to inform a user as to the operating state of the IR lights. These states can include a constant on state, a constant off state, a slow strobed state, a fast strobed state, a high power IR beam and/or a lower power IR beam. A simple mechanical indicator can also be provided on a compact lighting system which operates on a simple on and off cycle. UV light can be used in combination with or as a substitute for IR light in any of the embodiments described herein.
It is important for a user to be able to tell whether the IR light or lights are on or off, not only for operational purposes in the field, but also because leaving the IR lights on when they are not required can needlessly drain battery power and can render the lighting assembly inoperable due to excessive battery drain.
Specific applications for the subject compact lighting system include an illuminated glove for directing traffic at night, illuminated helmets, safety vests, running shoes, shirts, pants, belts, or any application where the safety of an individual can be improved by a warning light. This includes use by construction workers, highway maintenance workers, joggers, cyclists, motorcyclists, airport workers, firemen, emergency responders such as ambulance workers, emergency medical technicians (EMT) and any others in proximity to traffic, construction equipment, machinery and other potential hazards.
In further accordance with this disclosure, an easy-to-operate compact lighting system is provided with a removable mounting for easy convenient use on virtually any surface. The lightweight system can be hermetically sealed in a clear or translucent pouch or covered with a waterproof coating for protection against vibration, shock, harsh environments and moisture. The outer surface of the pouch overlying an on-off light switch may be textured to allow an operator to easily locate and operate the light switch solely by feel in either the light or in the dark.
Another advantageous feature of the compact lighting system is the provision of a rechargeable power source, such as a solar charged battery providing long life operation to the lighting system. The operational life of the compact lighting system can be further extended by limiting the illumination of the compact lighting system to low light or nighttime conditions such as with the use of a light-actuated on-off switch.
A radio frequency identification (RFID) device can be provided on the compact lighting system to aid in locating the system in dense cover, remote locations, under water and in any other difficult to locate environment.
Because of the compact size of the lighting assembly, it can be applied to fishing line, fishing lures and other fishing tackle to attract and catch fish.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic front or plan view of a glove fitted with a compact lighting assembly in accordance with one embodiment of the disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic rear or back hand view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a front view of an integral battery, light and switch circuit assembly;
FIG. 4 is a rear view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a view in a section taken along section line 5-5 of the assembly of FIG. 2 fitted within a removable easing;
FIG. 6 is a front view of an integral battery, light and switching assembly fitted within a removable mounting strip;
FIG. 7 is a view in cross section taken through section line 7-7 of FIG. 6 and showing a complementary adhesive mounting strip;
FIGS. 8 and 9 are perspective front and rear views of a glove as represented in FIGS. 1 and 2 with lighting assemblies removably secured to the glove;
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a representative application of the glove of FIGS. 8 and 9 and showing use of a lighting assembly such as shown in FIG. 6 applied to clothing and to a helmet;
FIG. 11 is a front view of a textured translucent plastic material suitable for forming pockets or coverings over the lighting assembly of FIGS. 1 and 3;
FIG. 12 is a view of a compact lighting assembly carried by a fishing lure and other fishing tackle;
FIG. 13 is a schematic perspective view of lighting assemblies without any cover or pouch and shown approximately to scale at actual size;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged cross sectional view of a compact lighting assembly enclosed in a protective pouch and provided with an optional tactile mechanical indicator switch;
FIG. 15 is a schematic front elevation view of a tent provided with illumination by several compact lighting assemblies;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a shoe or boot provided with compact lighting assemblies;
FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of a compact lighting assembly adapted for use with the shoe or boot of FIG. 15;
FIG. 18 is a rear elevation view of a backpack provided with interior and exterior compact lighting assemblies;
FIG. 19 is a view similar to FIG. 14 showing the addition of a solar cell, an RFID device and a light-actuated photoswitch;
FIG. 20 is a schematic circuit diagram of one embodiment of a compact lighting assembly provided with a rechargeable battery, solar cell and light-actuated on-off switch;
FIG. 21 is a schematic circuit diagram of another embodiment of a compact lighting assembly provided with a rechargeable battery, solar cell and light-actuated on-off switch;
FIG. 22 is a view similar to FIG. 6 depicting a compact lighting assembly with an infrared light source and a visible indicator light;
FIG. 23 is a schematic circuit diagram of a circuit for use in the assembly of FIG. 22; and
FIG. 24 is a view similar to FIG. 14 showing a mechanical on-off switch which provides a tactile indication of the operating states of an infrared light.



In the various views of the drawings, like reference numerals designate like or similar parts.
DESCRIPTION OF REPRESENTATIVE EMBODIMENTS
A representative application of the subject lighting system is shown in FIG. 1, wherein, a glove 10 is formed in a known fashion of a woven or nonwoven material such as a stretchable breathable mesh material. The glove 10 can be formed with or without finger tip portions 12. A translucent and preferably light-reflective pocket 14 is sewn, bonded or otherwise mounted to the front or palm portion 16 of the glove 10. The pocket 14 can be fabricated from a light-transmitting reflective sheet of thin flexible plastic material which may be smooth surfaced or grooved, checkered or otherwise textured to enhance light diffusion. One or more openings or slits 18 are formed along the border of the pocket 14 for snugly receiving a battery, light and switch assembly 20, as discussed further below. Assembly 20 is shown in rectangular dashed lines in FIG. 1 in two different possible mounting positions (horizontal and vertical).
The back of the glove 10 is shown in FIG. 2. Strips of light-reflective plastic or metal foil material 30 are sewn, bonded or otherwise attached to the back surface of the glove fingers 32. Attachment or mounting strips or pads 36 coated on their outer surfaces with adhesive material 38 or provided with other connectors can be removably or permanently mounted to the rear surface 40 of the glove 10 such as by sewing. The tacky adhesive coating 38 allows for the removable mounting of an integral battery, light and switch assembly 20. Alternatively, strip 36 can be provided with a hook and loop fabric fastening surface 42 to receive hook and loop fasteners provided on the back of the battery, light and switch assembly 20, or on a pocket which carries assembly 20.
One embodiment of a compact, lightweight battery, light and switch assembly 20 is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. A thin, semi-flexible, laminated, shiny, minor-like, light-reflecting substantially planar sheet 50 of plastic acts as a platform, planar base or flat circuit board for holding a thin button battery 52 soldered or otherwise fixed to its front or rear surface. Sheet 50 is advantageously formed of a waterproof sheet or foil to protect microcircuitry 54 carried on platform 50. The battery 52 is electrically connected to switching microcircuitry 54 which is controlled by a user-operated button switch 56. The microcircuitry 54 can be further waterproofed with a layer of epoxy and covered by a thin sheet of rigid plastic. The rigid plastic sheet can be staked to the sheet 50 with pins or rivets to increase the strength of the laminated assembly.
In another embodiment, sheet 50 is formed with a nonreflective, black or matte black surface when the lighting assembly 20 operates with an infrared light. A flat black surface coating can be applied to planar sheet 50 to improve and enhance the detection of infrared light signatures when using an infrared viewer such as night vision goggles. The sequential actuation of button switch 56 causes the microcircuitry 54 to apply power to a light-emitting diode (LED) or other miniature electric light 60 in various operating modes. For example, a first actuation or depression of button switch 56 can trigger circuitry 54 to apply full constant power to the LED 60 for a bright constant light. A second depression of button switch 56 can trigger circuitry 54 to apply less than full constant power to the LED 60 for a longer-lasting low-power lighting.
Other sequential operating modes can include a rapidly strobed or pulsed light mode, a slowly strobed or pulsed light mode, a high power strobed or blinking light mode, a low power strobed or blinking light mode and a power off mode to turn off the LED light. The button switch 56 can be mounted on either the front or rear surface of the assembly 20 and is easily depressed and actuated by pressing down on any flexible covering material overlying button switch 56 or by directly pressing button switch 56, if it is exposed. As noted above, the button switch 56 can be located on either the front or rear surface of sheet 50. This allows an operator to actuate the button switch 56 from the front or rear surface of sheet 50, depending on the application or end use of lighting assembly 20.
To maximize the visible lighting emitted from the assembly 20, the reflective front surface 64 (FIG. 3) of the sheet 50 is formed with a highly reflective mirror-like surface finish or coating. This can take the form of a thin shiny metal foil or a layer of light-reflecting paint. An aperture or port 66 (FIG. 3) is formed through sheet 50 to allow for the unobstructed passage of light from LED light 60.
As seen in FIGS. 2, 8 and 9, lighting assembly 20 can be directly attached to the glove 10 by pressing the lighting assembly 20 against a tacky surface 38 (FIG. 2) provided on the outer surface of the glove (FIG. 2) or inserted into a translucent pocket on glove 10, such as into pocket 14 (FIGS. 1 and 8) through an opening or slit 18 communicating with the interior of pocket 14.
Another mounting method is shown in FIGS. 2, 5 and 9 where the assembly 20 is removably mounted to glove 10 with an integral adhesive layer or, as further shown, with a hook and loop releasable fabric connection. The assembly 20 can be fitted within a pouch or flexible casing 70. Pouch 70 can be hermetically sealed around the lighting assembly 20 to protect the lighting assembly 20 from shock, vibration, exposure to ambient moisture, liquids, dust and the like. The outer surface or ply 72 of casing 70 can be coated or formed of a translucent light-reflecting plastic material such as an ANSI class 2 material or simply formed of a clear sheet of plastic. This material can be used for pocket 14 (FIG. 1) as well. In the event the LED 60 becomes inoperative, surface 64 (FIG. 3) will still brightly reflect light from auto headlights, flashlights and the like to provide a secondary level of safety in those applications where visible light is provided by LED 60.
As seen in FIG. 5, the rear surface or ply 74 of casing 70 can be covered with an integral flexible hook and loop fabric material 78 of the type marketed under the brand Velcro. As further seen in FIGS. 2 and 5, an attachment strip 36 of adhesive or tacky material can be permanently or removably coupled, glued, bonded, sewn clipped or other attached or coupled to a substrate such as to the glove 10 such as on the front portion 16 (FIG. 1) or on the rear surface portion 40 as shown in FIG. 5, In FIG. 5, an adhesive backing 82 is provided on a strip of Velcro material 42 and permanently or removably attached or bonded to the rear outer surface 40 of the glove 10 for removably mounting the lighting assembly 20 to the glove 10. Surface portion 40 in FIG. 5 can also represent the surface of any substrate such as a building or other structure or any article worn or carried by a person including a glove, a shoe, a vest, a shirt, a jacket, a hat, a helmet, pants, and belts. The outer surface portion 40 can also represent virtually any surface or substrate or article including articles worn by animals, such as collars, harnesses, clothing and the like.
With attachment strip 36 in place on surface 40 of glove 10, casing or pouch 70 can be quickly and easily mounted and demounted from glove 10 or any other substrate with a simple press for installation and a simple pull or peel for removal, as the hook and loop materials 78 and 42 respectively engage and disengage from each other. When the battery 52 in assembly 20 is exhausted, an operator need only remove one casing 70 with a simple pull and quickly and easily mount a fresh casing or pouch 70 onto mounting strip 36 with a simple push or press fit. The same easy mounting and demounting is afforded by the adhesive backing 82 discussed below.
It should be noted that attachment strip 36 can be permanently or removably applied to virtually any surface for receiving and holding in place a lighting assembly 20 or a lighting assembly 20 fitted in a casing or pouch 70. Once the attachment or mourning strip 36 is in place, a casing or pouch 70 with an integral lighting assembly 20 can be quickly mounted to and demounted from the attachment strip 36 and underlying substrate to which the attachment strip is applied.
As seen in FIGS. 6 and 7, a hollow hermetically-sealed and waterproof casing or pouch 70 having an adhesive backing 82 is provided with a peel-off cover 86 similar to that used on adhesive bandages of the “Band Aid” variety. Cover 86 can be removed when required and casing 70 can be adhesively mounted in the manner of an adhesive strip on virtually any surface, such as to walls, floors, articles of manufacture, trees, rocks, clothing, footwear, warning signs, police, firemen and construction helmets and other “hard hats,” as well as any other substrate such as those noted above.
In one embodiment, the length of the pouch or casing 70 is less than about two inches, i.e. about 1.75 inches (4.44 cm), the height of casing or pouch 70 is less than about one inch (2.54 cm), i.e., about 0.75 inch (1.90 cm) and the thickness through the pouch and assembly 20 as seen in FIG. 7 is less than one quarter inch, i.e., about 0.125 inch (0.317 cm). The combined weight of the pouch 70 and assembly 20 of FIGS. 6 and 7 is less than 10 grams, i.e., about 5 grams. Because of the small size and weight of this lighting assembly, a dozen or more assemblies can be conveniently carried in one's pocket to mark a trail by placing a lighting assembly 20 in at least one location or in a series of spaced-apart locations on the ground or mark other locations as desired.
One simply activates the light 60 by actuating switch 56 and placing the lighting assembly on a substrate at a position or location to be marked. If provided with an adhesive backing 82, the lighting assembly 20 can be pressed onto a desired substrate to be marked to hold the light assembly on a desired spot, such as a wall, a door, a tree, etc. Of course, one or more lighting assemblies 20 as shown in FIG. 13 need not be enclosed in a pouch 70. These simpler assemblies can be simply laid on the ground or on an object to provide a low cost lighted marker.
As further seen in FIG. 6, the portion of the outer surface of pouch 70 overlying the switch 56 can be textured such as with ridges and grooves or a series of dimples 76 to enable a user to easily locate and operate switch 56 solely by tactile feel without looking at pouch 70, This is most useful when operating lighting assembly 20 in the dark. As further seen in FIGS. 8 and 10, gloves 10 are provided with pockets 14 shaped as octagonal stop signs. The clear translucent plastic material of each pocket 14 can be partially colored red in the manner of a stencil around the clear letters “STOP,” which will clearly contrast with their surrounding red background. In this embodiment, two or more assemblies 20 can be inserted within each pocket 14 to provide increased lighting. As further seen in FIG. 10, the lighting assemblies 20 can be applied to a shirt, vest or jacket 96, and to a helmet 100.
To further enhance the visibility of the letters “STOP,” the inner or outer surface of the translucent material forming each pocket 14 can he formed with a grooved and ribbed surface 90 (FIG. 11) or other textured or contoured surface to diffract and/or diffuse the light from the LED's 60. The resulting light emitted from the letters “STOP” is diffused so as to enhance or more clearly depict the letters.
Another application of the lighting assembly 20 is shown in FIG. 12, wherein the light assembly 20 is coupled to a fishing lure 96, such as with an adhesive water-resistant attachment layer such as adhesive coatings 38 and 82 noted above. Different colored LEDs 60 can be removably or permanently coupled to a fishing lure 96, or to a bobber, float, leader, line or other tackle to attract fish to the lure or bait.
The lighting assembly 20 of FIGS. 6 and 7 is well adapted for fishing applications due to its waterproof casing or pouch 70. The flashing or strobed feature of the lighting assembly is particularly useful when applied to fishing tackle or when simply dropped in the water to attract fish. In one application, a pair of light assemblies 20 can be connected to each other by pressing their adhesive backings 82 together with a fishing line or leader sandwiched between the adhesive backings 82 so as to secure the pair of light assemblies to the line or leader.
As further seen in FIG. 12, a lighting assembly 20 can be formed with mounting holes 104 allowing for a threaded connection to a fishing leader 106. A swivel 108 can be used to interconnect the leader 106 to a fishing line 110. A split shot sinker or other sinker or tackle can also be used to fix or otherwise locate the lighting assembly 20 on the leader 106 as well as to the line 110. Spring clips 114 can also be provided on the lighting assembly 20 to clip the leader 106 and/or line 110 to the lighting assembly 20. A lighting assembly 20 can also be coupled to a bobber or float 120 for further attracting fish, particularly at night, Different colored LED lights can be provided on different lighting assemblies 20 to match a particular colored light 60 to a particular fishing condition. Colors such as red, green, and white can be easily interchanged on fishing lures or other fishing tackle to find the best colored light for a particular fishing condition.
As further seen in FIG. 12, the hydrodynamic performance of the lighting assembly 20 can be improved by forming the waterproof casing as an elongated oval or cigar-shaped pouch. Grommets 124 can be crimped around the holes 104 to provide strength and tear resistance to the casings 70. The rounded ends 126 of the casings 70 provide less resistance or drag when moving through water as compared to square or blunt surfaces.
While the lighting assembly 20 described above performs well in most all environments and applications, it has been found that in some extreme environments and extremely physically demanding applications, a more rugged lighting assembly is desired. For example, in deep underwater applications and in applications where the lighting assembly 20 is subject to harsh vibrations and/or physical shocks and blows, it is desirable to provide additional protection for the circuitry 54, switch 56 and light 60. A more robust light assembly 20 can also be useful in many outdoor and sporting applications, such as boating, camping, hiking, running, hunting and fishing applications, and on dog collars and leashes, to name a few. The light assembly 20 as shown in FIG. 14 has been designed to meet these more demanding applications. It can serve as a miniature flashlight, safety warning light, signal light, light reflector and back up or emergency flashlight.
As seen in FIG. 14, a layered or laminated light assembly 20 includes a top sheet or top layer 140. Top sheet 140 can be formed of a thin sheet of highly polished metal foil, such as aluminum foil, to provide a highly light reflective outer surface portion. Top sheet 140 can have a thickness of several thousandths of an inch. This shiny outer surface portion can be used for reflecting and concentrating not only light from the LED light 60 but also external light.
For example, light from automotive headlamps can be reflected back to the light source for nighttime safety when the lighting assembly 20 is attached to or carried by a person or vehicle. This is useful for joggers, walkers, cyclists, motorcycle riders and nighttime workers. Another application for daytime use is using the reflective top sheet 140 as a signal generator for reflecting and directing sunlight to remote locations and parties, such as search parties and/or overhead aircraft or distant watercraft.
In some cases, the top sheet 140 can be formed of a dark or black light-absorbing material. One such case is when the LED light 60 is an infrared (IR) light. Alternatively, a light-reflective top sheet 140 can be covered with a layer of light absorbing material, such as a black or dark paint or coasted with a layer of light absorbing black rubber or plastic for IR applications.
The top sheet 140 overlies a protective layer 144 of shock and vibration absorbing material. Layer 144 can take the form of a sheet or strip of resilient foam material, such as high density plastic foam having a thickness of, for example, about ten to about one hundred thousandths of an inch or more. A sheet or strip of dense sponge rubber can also be used for protective layer 144. A dense nonwoven material, such as felt or a flocked fabric can also be used for layer 144. An added benefit of layer 144 is that it provides a degree of thermal insulation over an underlying circuit board to thermally protect the circuits and components on the circuit board from freezing temperatures.
The bottom of the top sheet 140 and the top of the shock-absorbing layer 144 are bonded or coupled with a layer of compliant adhesive 146. Adhesive 146 is also applied to the bottom of the vibration and shock absorbing layer 144 to bond or couple the layer 144 to the top of an underlying layer of a semi-rigid strip or sheet 148 of protective reinforcing material. Sheet 148 can take the form of a thin flexible sheet of plastic material such as a phenolic plastic material. Sheet or layer 148 can have a thickness of, for example, about ten to about thirty thousandths of an inch or more. The sheet or layer 148 can be assembled as two individual juxtaposed sheets on opposite sides of the light 60 as shown in FIG. 14 and separated by a small spacing to facilitate flexing and bending of the light assembly 20. When fully assembled, the light assembly 20 can flex up to an included angle of about 30 degrees around a hinge portion defined between the two sheets 148. This flexing helps to protect the light assemble from breakage due to moderate flexing and bending.
A platform or circuit board 50 underlies the protective strengthening sheet 148. Circuit board 50 includes the same components and microcircuitry 54 discussed above, as well as the same battery 52, LED light 60 and button switch 56. The circuit board 50 can be formed from a sheet of plastic, cardboard, fiberboard, paperboard or similar materials. Fiberboard has been found to function well due to its relative rigidity and ability to flex without cracking or breaking.
The circuit board 50 is covered, coated or encapsulated with a thin layer of adhesive or epoxy 150 to protect the microcircuitry 54 and other electrical components on the circuit board 50 from damage due to moisture, water, harmful gasses and particulates. In one example, the entire circuit board 50 and all its electrical components are coated with a thin clear layer of polyester resin epoxy. This provides waterproofing for the lighting assembly at a depth of six feet for at least thirty minutes without the use of any additional waterproofing covering. Before the epoxy coating layer on the circuit board 50 dries, the reinforcing sheet 148 can be layered over the circuit board 50 and fasteners such as stakes 152 or rivets 154 are driven through the top of the reinforcing layer 148, through the circuit board 50 and pinned to the bottom of the circuit board 50. This securely couples the reinforcing sheet 148 to the circuit board 50.
The subassembly of the reinforcing sheet 148 and circuit board 50 can be coupled or bonded to the upper layers of the light assembly 20 by pressing together the top surface of the reinforcing sheet 148 and the epoxy coated bottom surface of the shock and vibration absorbing layer 144. With the shock and vibration absorbing layer 144 bonded to the top sheet 140, the layered lighting assembly 20 is complete.
It has been found that this reinforced and shock and vibration protected embodiment of the lighting assembly 20 can perform well in most all harsh environments. While the laminated or layered construction is surprisingly strong, it is nevertheless somewhat flexible and resilient so as to resist cracking and breaking when struck or flexed. It can easily withstand all the forces and pressures applied during the repetitive actuations of the button switch 56 as the LED light 60 is turned on and off or cycled through its various operating modes.
As further seen in FIG. 14, the protective reinforcing layer 148, shock and vibration absorbing layer 144 and top layer 140 are each respectively formed with an aperture 160, 162, 164 allowing for the passage of light directed therethrough by the LED light 60. LED 60 can be recessed below, flush with or protrude from the top layer 140. It should be noted that the adhesive layers 144 and 146 contact and surround the outside surface of the LED light 60 so as to form a water moisture, gas and particulate barrier therebetween. In one embodiment the light 60 passes through the protective layer 148 and resilient shock absorbing layer 144 and optionally trough the top layer 140.
To provide even more protection to the light assembly 20, a protective casing or pouch 70 can be provided around the light assembly 20 as further shown in FIG. 14. Casing 70 can be formed with a top layer 72 of clear polyvinylchloride (PVC) plastic and a bottom layer 74 of clear or dark or black PVC plastic material. The top and bottom layers 72, 74 are hermetically sealed or bonded completely along their peripheries 170 by adhesives and/or ultrasonic welding providing waterproof protection at depths up to 200 feet or more.
Casing 70 can be provided with a tacky but releaseable adhesive layer 82 which allows the casing 70 to be adhesively coupled to a first substrate, removed and adhesively coupled to a second, third and more different substrates or on and off the same substrate up to 50 times or more. The adhesives layer 82 is covered with a peel off tab 174. This arrangement is similar to that discussed above and operates in a similar fashion.
Tactile ridges or dimples 76 can be formed or provided on the top layer 72 of the casing 70 and aligned over the underlying button switch 56. The ridges or dimples 76 and/or the area around the ridges or dimples can be color coded to identify to a user the color of the light (or no color in the case of an IR or infrared light). For example, a red color on the casing 70 indicates a red LED light, an amber color indicates an amber LED light, a white color indicates a white LED light and a green color indicates a green LED light.
The ability to attach the light assembly 20 to virtually any substrate need not be dependent on the use of a casing 70. That is, the adhesive layer 82 and cover 86 can be applied directly to the bottom of the circuit board 50 when the light assembly 20 is used without the casing 70.
In some cases, it may be desirable to permanently attach the light assembly 20 to a substrate, such as to an article of clothing, athletic shoes, backpacks, sport clothing and safety clothing as well as many other articles. In these cases, the light assembly 20 can be directly permanently adhesively bonded to a substrate, sewn in place or attached with mechanical fasteners, such as staples and rivets. Alternatively, the entire light assembly 20 can be permanently held in place with an overlying permanent light-transmitting cover which is permanently attached or fixed to an underlying substrate with sewing, bonding, fasteners or other permanent attachment methods. In this manner, the light assembly 20 is permanently held in a pocket between the substrate and cover. Of course, an open pocket or cover can be provided on any substrate or article to allow the lighting assembly 20 to be removably and replaceably carried within the pocket on a substrate.
It can be appreciated that there are virtually endless applications for the light assembly 20 disclosed above. The light assembly 20 can be carried in one's pocket or pack as a compact emergency flashlight, as a nighttime signaling or safety warning light, or as a daytime signal mirror for reflecting sunlight from the mirror-like shiny top foil layer, or when provided with a red light, as a reading light for nighttime map reading without affecting one's night vision.
The light assembly 20 can be quickly and easily adhesively applied to one substrate, removed from the substrate and applied to a different substrate up to about fifty times. Particularly useful applications include use on the inside or outside of outdoor tents. As seen in FIG. 15, one or more light assemblies 20 can be removably or permanently attached to the exterior 176 of a tent 180 as a nighttime safety or signal light or to the interior 178 of a tent as a roof or wall light.
In FIG. 16, a light assembly 20 is removably inserted and removably held in an open pocket 186 having an opening 188 on a rear portion of a shoe or boot 190 for easy insertion and removal of the light assembly 20. Pocket 186 can include a “zip top” closure, for additional protection, if desired. The pocket 186 can be a sheet of clear plastic or an open mesh material. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, a light assembly 20 can also be removably held on the front portion of a shoe or boot 190 with a removable connector, such as with the laces 192 of the shoe or boot 190 passing through loops 194 or holes 196 provided on the periphery 170 of a casing 70. Mechanical clips can also serve the function of a removable connection, as can a luggage tag holder with a snap chain connector or a simple open top mesh pouch.
The removability allows the light assembly 20 to be detached from a substrate such as a boot, shoe or other footwear and used as a nighttime emergency flashlight or as a signaling device in the night or in daylight. This can be extremely useful for use with footwear worn in extreme environments where the need to signal for help is more likely. For example, use of the light assembly 20 on rock climbing shoes or on snowshoes provides an auxiliary safety and signaling device if required. The light assembly 20 can be held to the footwear with laces, clips or a perforated tear-away pouch.
As shown in FIG. 18, a backpack 200 is equipped with one or more light assemblies 20. A light assembly 20 can be provided on the inside and/or outside of pack 200 with a simple removable adhesive connection, as described above. Alternatively, a pocket 202 of light transmitting plastic or open mesh material can be provided on the inside and/or outside of the pack 200 to removably receive a light assembly 20 through an opening 204. In a similar fashion, virtually any compartment, such as an ice cooler, an article of luggage, a purse, a storage chest and the like can be provided with internal and/or external pockets for receiving one or more light assemblies either on their exterior or interior surface. Of course, no pockets or other holders are necessary when a light assembly 20 is adhered adhesively to such substrates.
As further seen in FIG. 14, the LED light source 60 and its associated control circuitry 54 operate using a small thin battery 52, such as a CR2016 or CR2032 button battery. These batteries can provide a constant light output for approximately 80 hours at full power and a lower residual light output for an addition amount of time up to around 200 hours. The limitation for run time is based on battery life. Solutions such as two batteries wired in series allow for longer run times, but the thickness of the lighting assembly 20 must be increased or the overall length must be increased to accommodate additional batteries. This is acceptable in some situations but at some point defeats the goal to provide a very thin waterproof, shockproof LED light source that can be conveniently carried and quickly adhered to any surface for marking or safety.
For example, the military currently has a need for a compact lightweight source of long term illumination to mark locations and items in remote areas. In accordance with another embodiment of the lighting assembly 20, this need can be met with photovoltaic solar panel technology. Small commercially available solar panels or solar “cells” measuring approximately 2 cm×2 cm (but may be larger if required) can be provided to “trickle charge” a rechargeable battery such as battery 52. Flat button cell rechargeable batteries are currently available in sizes such as CR 2016 and CR 2032 noted above. Longer run times are available by using CR 2045 or CR 2050 rechargeable button batteries, but these are slightly thicker batteries.
Solar panel technology has evolved and improved over the past few years so that the panels are smaller, thinner and more rugged and can now provide a means to re-charge a thin rechargeable battery 52 to provide long run times for the lighting assemblies 20.
As seen in FIG. 19, a solar panel 210 is adhered to the reflective top surface of the top layer 140 by a permanent waterproof adhesive 212. Power from the solar panel 210 is sent via electrical leads 214 directly to the battery 52 through a small hole 216 under the panel. The waterproof adhesive 212 is the same or similar to the waterproof epoxy that is used to bond the circuit board 50 to the protective plate or layer 148, namely, a polyester resin epoxy.
The lighting assembly 20 with the affixed solar panel 210 is encased in a PVC pouch or casing 70 that keeps dust, dirt, water, mud etc. away from the LED/circuit/battery unit. A thin-walled PVC pouch can last for well over 500 hours when subjected to harsh elements. This life can be increased by using a higher grade of the PVC material that is slightly thicker and UV ray resistant. In this case, the run time of the LED is limited only by battery life.
The use of a small solar panel or solar cell 210 to “trickle charge” the rechargeable battery 52 provides extended operating life of the lighting assembly 20 from two to five years of service and longer as the technology for both solar panel and battery technology improves.
While this solar powered lighting assembly 20 has direct applications for the military, there is also a major advantage in the consumer market for all of the current uses of an extended life lighting assembly 20 with the added benefit of thousands of hours of runtime rather than hundreds of hours of runtime without a solar panel battery charger.
The use of a solar panel or solar cell 210 on a lighting assembly 20 is “green” or sustainable in that the current lighting systems are disposable after 100 hours or so of use compared to years of use with a rechargeable lighting assembly 20. Moreover, the cost per hour of runtime can be reduced to fractions of a cent.
The use of solar panels or solar cells 210 on the a lighting assembly 20 provides a renewable “green” energy product that costs much less than the current disposable battery lighting systems and other light sources such as chemical lights sticks that must be disposed of after only a few hours of use.
As further shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the lighting assemblies 20 described above can be provided with a conventional light-actuated photo switch 218 wired to the microcircuitry 54. The light-actuated switch can take the form of a photoresistor, a photocell, a photodiode, a phototransistor or any similar light-actuated switch or light sensor. The technology for light-actuated switches has improved so that their size is small and thin enough to fit onto the top portion of the top layer 140 of a lighting assembly 20. The photo switch 218 can be held in place by an insulating epoxy resin, such as adhesive 146, with the top layer 140 formed with an aperture or opening cut to closely surround or underlie the light-actuated switch 218. A hole 220 through the layers 140-150 allows electrical leads 224 from switch 218 to connect with the microcircuitry 54 on the circuit board 50.
The microcircuitry 54 can take the form of a programmable controller or microcontroller to perform the lighting functions and operations as disclosed above. For example, a PICI6F506 microcontroller available from Microchip Technology Inc. of Chandler, Ariz., or any of a number of similar microcontrollers can be easily programmed to provide bright, dim, strobed and constant light output from one or more LEDs 60. Inputs to the microcircuitry 54 from the switch 56 select a particular operating mode. When a light-actuated switch 218 is used as an input to the microcircuitry 54, the LED 60 will only operate under predetermined levels of darkness which can be programmed into the microcircuitry 54.
An alternative to the circuit of FIG. 20 and a more detailed circuit diagram is shown in FIG. 21 wherein details of the operating modes and circuit components are provided. A different micro-controller is used, but the functions of the solar charged lighting assembly is essentially the same as described above.
When a particular mode of operation of LED 60 is turned off by the light-actuated switch 218 due to the level of ambient light reaching a predetermined brightness, that same operating mode will be returned to operation when the level of ambient light decreases to a predetermined level of darkness. A diode 228 (FIG. 20) can be placed between the solar cell or solar panel 210 and the battery 52 to prevent battery discharge through the solar cell or solar panel 210 during periods of darkness.
The light-actuated switch 218 is first incorporated into the body of the lighting assembly 20 and then encased in a hermetically sealed pouch 70. This sealed unit is very rugged and virtually impervious to outside environmental conditions.
The light-actuated switch 218 wired as shown in FIG. 20 along with the switch 56 allows a single rechargeable battery to recharge more efficiently from the solar panel 210 as the switch 56 cuts off the light output from the LED 60 during daylight hours when the LED light 60 is not typically needed, i.e. from dawn to dusk. Because the LED is not powered at this time, the battery recharges faster. The lighting assembly 20 will operate in whichever switch mode it is left in when the outside ambient light dims down to a low lux level that is equivalent to dusk or to a very cloudy day or to a heavy sand storm. The addition of a light-actuated switch 218 can increase the operational battery run time up to 200% or more.
In some applications, it has been found advantageous to increase the size of the lighting assembly 20 to 5′′×3′′×1⁄2′′, for example, to include several LED lights of either the same or varied colors and/or to accommodate multiple batteries that are wired in series to act as a power storage bank. There can be as few as two or as many as twelve batteries depending on the size and thickness of the batteries as the batteries can be double or even tripled stacked. The operational run time of a stacked battery embodiment can be several years depending on the light output. Another advantage is that the battery bank can serve to power very bright short bursts of light.
All other features of the enlarged stacked battery lighting assembly 20 can be the same as described above, except the package size of pouch 70 is bigger and thicker but can still be stuck on the surface of a building, tree or other object to act a marker or signal beacon. This larger package allows for multiple LEDs of the same color or various colors and can be set to a fast strobe, slow strobe, steady or constant on and steady or constant off or can be pre-programmed to operate in a specific flashing sequence.
As further seen in FIG. 19, another beneficial addition to the light assembly 20 is an RFID chip 230 or radio frequency identifying device supported by the circuit board 50 that allows an operator to keep track of the location of the lighting assembly 20 with easy to use existing technology. This is a major advantage if a large number of lighting assemblies 20 are deployed in the field. An example of this would be to mark a mine field, landing strip, swamp etc.
As noted above, police and military operations can call for the use of infrared lighting assemblies, such as lighting assemblies 20. In order to guard against the unintended activation and illumination of an infrared LED 60 and to inform a user without IR viewing equipment of the operating state of a lighting assembly, a separate visual indicator can be provided on a lighting assembly 20. Such an indicator can visually signal a user without the aid of IR viewing equipment that the LED 60 is drawing power and to turn off the LED when it is not needed.
As seen in FIG. 22, a compact lighting assembly 20 constructed in accordance with any of the embodiments discussed above can be provided with an IR LED 60 which is operated by a switch 56, as further discussed above. A second switch 240 is provided to operate a second LED 244 that provides visible light. The shape, pattern, indicia or surface texture 76 of the pouch 70 overlying switch 56 can be different from that overlying switch 240 to aid a user in selecting the proper switch and differentiating between them.
The visible light LED 244 is arranged in a parallel electrical circuit with the IR LED 60. The second switch 240 can take the form of a normally open momentary contact switch arranged in series with the LED 244. When the momentary switch 240 is depressed by a user, the voltage, if any, driving the IR LED 60 will also drive the visible LED 244 and provide a visible indication to the user whether the IR LED 60 is operating or if it is off.
Not only will a user know whether the IR LED is on or off, but the operating mode of the IR LED 60 will be duplicated by the visible LED 244. If the IR LED 60 can be selectively driven in a high intensity or low intensity mode, then the visible LED 244 will also be driven in the same modes. If the IR LED 60 is constantly on or off, the visible LED 244 will be constantly on or off. If the IR LED 60 is in a constant on mode or a pulsed or strobed mode, then the visible LED 244 will likewise operate in a constant on mode or a pulsed or strobed mode. A schematic circuit diagram of one embodiment suitable for use with the lighting system of FIG. 22 is shown in FIG. 23.
It should be noted that instead of providing a visual indication or signal to a user with LED 60, an audible, tactile or vibrating signal can be provided so as not to alert others with a visible light. This can be important in stealth nighttime operations. For example, a low volume audible signal can be provided by substituting a small acoustic speaker in place of the LED 244. Alternatively, a small electromechanical vibrator can be substituted for the LED 244.
As seen in FIG. 24, a two position latching switch 252 is spring biased upwardly toward the top layer 72 of the pouch 70. Spring 256 pushes plunger 260 upwardly against the inside surface of the top layer 72 with a relatively strong force. When a user pushes downwardly on the dimples 76 of pouch 70 to activate switch 56 as shown in an at rest position by dashed lines in FIG. 24, the user can immediately feel the resistance of the plunger 260 as it moves downwardly to engage switch 56 and latch into an actuated depressed position.
Once switch 56 is activated by the plunger 260, the IR LED 60 is activated while the plunger 260 remains in a depressed position as shown in solid lines in FIG. 24. If a user subsequently wants to know if the IR LED 60 is activated, the dimples on top layer 72 are depressed. If there is no immediate resistance, the IR LED 60 is drawing power. If resistance is immediately encountered, the IR LED 60 is off.
When a user further depresses the top layer downwardly, the top of the plunger 260 is engaged and depressed slightly downwardly to unlatch the plunger, deactivate switch 56 and turn off the IR LED 60. A latching mechanism 264 of conventional design (similar to that found in ball point pens), releases the plunger 260 and allows it to return to its normally off position shown in dashed lines.
A list of potential applications and substrates for the light assemblies 20 includes:
Alert Devices; Steady or Strobe Mode
Aircraft: 1. Used by pilots for backup cockpit light and on the underside of a visor for chart reading. 2. Used in a downed plane for emergency day/night signaling and trail marking.
Automobiles: 1. Compartment light glove box, trunk, engine compartment. 2. Emergency signaling if a vehicle is disabled and as a portable light. 3. Wheel well light to light up rims with chemical luminescent coating.
Aquariums: Light in reefs and tight places.
Babies: 1. Nightlight 2. Crib light 3. Stroller light 4. Educational purposes for teaching colors.
Backpacks: 1. Use as an internal pack light when looking for articles inside a pack in low light. 2. Use as a portable light and as a trail marker, camp marker or day/night emergency signaling system.
Baseball Bats: 1. Use on a bat for training in low light. 2. Dramatic effect in night games.
Barbeque: 1. Grill light 2. Grilling tools
Belts: Fashion use and use as a safety marker.
Bicycles: 1. Use on bike frames and wheels for safety, as well as worn by a rider on a helmet, shoes and apparel. 2. Use as portable lighting and for marking ride routes.
Boating/Marine: 1. Use for increased visibility in small watercraft and personal flotation devices (PFDs) in steady mode or strobe or use as an emergency flashlight or compartment light. 2. Running lights or port, starboard, stern and bow lights. 3. Use on paddles for increased visibility.
Boomerangs: Apply to surface for effect in the dark and easy retrieval.
Boots: 1. Safety markers in clear or reflective pouches on backs of boots, shoes, running shoes, cycling shoes, hunting boots, ski boots and snowboard boots. 2. For visibility with use as an emergency light, trail marker and/or day/night signaling system. 3. Use in luggage tag type pouch attached to boot laces as an emergency light for a day or night signaling system that is always available when worn.
Bowling: Use to mark lanes
Coolers (hard sided, soft sided and insulted lunch bags): 1. Use as an interior light. 2. Use to mark contents with or without light color coding. 3. Use as a marker particularly if a cooler is used as an emergency flotation device.
Camping: 1. Trail markers 2. Tent lights (interior/exterior) 3. Camp perimeter markers 4. Mini flashlight 5. Applied to cooking tools to help locate at night. 6. Applied to hunting boots for night hiking.
Construction: 1. Cones and barriers 2. Hard hats with color coding to identify different workers as personnel. 3. Mark structures with non-conformity to plans by inspectors. 4. Mark hallway areas if no power or light.
Costumes: 1. Halloween costumes for dramatic effect (i.e. spaceman, monster, princess) steady or strobe light keeps children and parents safe at night when walking in streets.
Crime Scenes: 1. Mark crime scene tape 3. Mark specific areas by color 3. Color code personnel at a crime scene.
Diving: 1. Dive gear to mark at night 2. Lines to mark depth 3. Underwater trail markers.
Dogs: 1. Dog pet leashes collars for road safety. 2. Hunting dog collars to mark specific dogs by color code when night hunting. 3. Dog sectors by color code attached to trees.
Dealers: Car, Auto, Boat, Motorcycle trailers
Dueling: Sword fighting; training and dramatic effect in the dark.
Emergency Lighting: Power outages of home lights 2. deck lights 3. Alert lights indicating help is needed 4. Step lights
Firearms: 1. Light to check if round in chamber 2. Aid in night sights illumination
Firemen:1. Helmets 2. Mark rooms. 3. Traffic cones
Garages: Lights for marking parking spaces
Incident Command: 1. Use to mark areas 2. Mark for triage 3. Mark homes for evacuation
Kayaking: 1. Use on life jackets and personal flotation devices (PFDs). 2. Use on paddles for night paddling. 3. Use as navigation lights. 4. Use as compartment lights.
Tree Limbing: 1. Mark tree limbs 2. Mark wires near tree limits.
Menu Lights: Operating lights when car, boat, motorcycle and ATV lights fail.
Personnel: Light for different operation for any factory, construction site et.
Power Outages: Use emergency backup lighting.
Quality Control: Applied to production that is defective:
Road Constructions: 1. Use for night cones. 2. Hard hats 3. Safety vests
Street Signs: Use on street signs during power outages/storms.
Uniforms: 1. Public safety 2. Military
As used herein, the term substrate covers all of the articles and applications listed and/or disclosed above as well as other applications requiring safety and/or emergency lighting.
There has been disclosed heretofore the best embodiment of the disclosure presently contemplated. However, it is to be understood that various changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. For example, lighting assemblies 20 can also be coupled to canes, wheelchairs, canoes, and toys.

## Claims

1. A compact lighting assembly, comprising:
a first light which when illuminated produces light which is not in the visible spectrum;
a second light which when illuminated produces light which is in the visible spectrum;
a switching circuit controlling illumination of said first and second lights in a plurality of operating modes comprising a constant on mode, a constant off mode and a strobed mode;
a first manual switch provided in said switching circuit selectively operating said first light in each of said plurality of operating modes with sequential actuation of said first switch;
a second normally open momentary contact manual switch provided in said switching circuit selectively operating said second light;
a battery powering said first and second lights;
said first and second lights arranged in a parallel electric configuration within said switching circuit and said second switch and said second light arranged in a series electric configuration within said switching circuit, said second light providing a visible indication to an unaided human eye of each one of said plurality of operating modes of said first light by visually duplicating and operating in each one of said operating modes of said first light in response to actuation of said second switch and in response to each operating mode selected by an operator actuating said first switch; and
a light actuated switch automatically controlling illumination of said first light.

2. The assembly of claim 1, wherein said first light comprises an infrared light-emitting diode and said second light comprises a light emitting diode emitting visible light.

3. The assembly 1, wherein said first and second lights are the only lights provided in said switching circuit.

4. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising a circuit board on which said first and second lights, said switching circuit, said battery and said first and second switches are supported.

5. The assembly of claim 1, wherein said switching circuit comprises a microcontroller operating said first light in said strobed mode.

6. The assembly of claim 1, further comprising a flexible waterproof casing surrounding said first and second lights, said switching circuit, said battery and said first and second switches.

7. The assembly of claim 6, wherein said first and second switches comprise button switches operated by manual depression of said flexible waterproof casing.

8. The assembly of claim 1, wherein said battery comprises a solar powered battery.

9. A compact lighting assembly, comprising:
a circuit board;
a first light emitting diode supported on said circuit board and emitting infrared light;
a second light emitting diode supported on said circuit board and emitting visible light in the visible spectrum;
a first manually-operated switch selectively operating said first light emitting diode in a strobed operating state, a constant on operating state and a constant off operating state with each actuation of said first switch cycling said first light emitting diode into a different one of said operating states;
a second manually-operated momentary contact switch selectively powering on said second light emitting diode for a period selected by an operator;
said first and second light emitting diodes arranged in an electric configuration such that actuation o f said second switch provides a visible indication of each one of said operating states of said first light emitting diode by visually duplicating and operating in each one of said operating states of said first light emitting diode in response to actuation of said second switch and in response to each respective operating state selected by an operator actuating said first switch;
a battery powering said first and second light emitting diodes;
a flexible waterproof casing surrounding said circuit board and protecting said first and second light emitting diodes, said first and second switches and said battery from ambient conditions;
a first textured surface portion provided on said flexible waterproof casing and positioned over said first switch; and
a second textured surface portion having a texture different from said first textured surface portion provided on said flexible waterproof casing and positioned over said second switch.

10. The assembly of claim 9, wherein said first and second switches are respectively operated by manual depression of said first and second textured surface portions on said casing.

11. The assembly of claim 9, wherein said battery comprises a rechargeable battery.

12. The assembly of claim 11, further comprising a solar cell providing an electric charge to said rechargeable battery.

13. The assembly of claim 9, further comprising shock absorbing layer provided over said circuit board.

14. A compact lighting assembly comprising:
a circuit board;
a first light emitting diode provided on said circuit board and emitting infrared light;
a first switch selectively operating said first light emitting diode in a plurality of selected operating modes;
a second light emitting diode provided on said circuit board and emitting visible light in the visible spectrum corresponding to each selected one of said plurality of selected operating modes;
a second switch selectively operating said second light emitting diode;
a battery powering said first and second light emitting diodes;
a control circuit controlling operation of said first and second light emitting diodes so that said second light emitting diode visually duplicates and identifies each of said selected plurality of operating modes of said first light emitting diode in response to selective actuation of said second switch and in response to each operating mode selected by an operator actuating said first switch;
a flexible plastic pouch providing a waterproof seal around said circuit board, said first and second light emitting diodes, said first and second switches, said battery and said control circuit;
a first textured surface portion provided on said flexible plastic pouch and positioned over said first switch; and
a second textured surface portion having a texture different from said first textured surface portion provided on said flexible plastic pouch and positioned over said second switch.

15. The assembly of claim 14, wherein said plurality of selected operating modes comprises a constant on mode, a constant off mode and a strobed mode.

16. The assembly of claim 15, wherein said second switch comprises a normally open momentary on button switch.

17. The assembly of claim 14, wherein said first and second light emitting diodes are arranged in a parallel electric configuration.