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| ý ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934                                                                                   |
| For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023                                                                                                                                   |
| or                                                                                                                                                                            |
|   ̈ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934                                                                         |
| For the transition period from              to             |

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| Commission File Number of Issuing Entity: 333-260710-03 |
| Central Index Key Number of Issuing Entity: 0001951264  |
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|------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|
| CAPITAL ONE PRIME AUTO RECEIVABLES TRUST 2023-1            |  |
| (Exact Name of Issuing Entity as Specified in Its Charter) |  |
| (Issuer of the Notes)                                      |  |

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|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|
| Delaware                                                                                    |
| (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization of the Issuing Entity)        |
|                                                                                             |
| c/o Capital One Auto Receivables, LLC1600 Capital One DriveRoom 27907-BMcLean, VA 22102 |
| (Address of Principal Executive Offices of Issuing Entity)                                  |
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| (703) 720-3148                                                                              |
| (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)                                  |
|                                                                                             |
| 92-6150068                                                                                  |
| (I.R.S. Employer Identification No. of the Issuing Entity)                                  |

|                     |                   |                                           |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|---------------------|-------------------|-------------------------------------------|--|--|--|--|--|--|
| Title of Each Class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered |
| N/A             | N/A           | N/A                                   |

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|                                   |        |        |                                     |        |        |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|-----------------------------------|--------|--------|-------------------------------------|--------|--------|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|--|
| Large accelerated filer |   |  ̈ | Accelerated filer              |   |  ̈ |
| Non-accelerated filer             |   | ý | Smaller reporting company |        |  ̈ |
|                                   |        |        | Emerging growth company             |        |  ̈ |

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|          |                    |  |  |  |  |
|----------|--------------------|--|--|--|--|
| Item 1.  | Business.          |
| Item 1A. | Risk Factors.      |
| Item 1C. | Cybersecurity.     |
| Item 2.  | Properties.        |
| Item 3.  | Legal Proceedings. |

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|                 |                                                                                                                     |  |  |  |  |
|-----------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|--|
| Item 5.         | Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities. |
| Item 6.         | [Reserved.]                                                                                                 |
| Item 7.         | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.                              |
| Item 7A.        | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.                                                         |
| Item 8.         | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.                                                                        |
| Item 9.         | Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.                               |
| Item 9A.        | Controls and Procedures.                                                                                            |
|                 |                                                                                                                     |
| Item 9B:    | Other Information.                                                                                                  |
| None.           |
|                 |                                                                                                                     |
| Item 9C:    | Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.                                                |
| Not applicable. |

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|          |                                                                                                 |  |  |  |  |
|----------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|--|
| Item 10. | Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.                                         |
| Item 11. | Executive Compensation.                                                                         |
| Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters. |
| Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.                      |
| Item 14. | Principal Accountant Fees and Services.                                                         |

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|             |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          |  |  |  |  |
|-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|--|
| Exhibit No. | Description                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              |
| 1.1         | Underwriting Agreement, dated as of February 13, 2023, among J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, BofA Securities, Inc. and Citigroup Global Markets Inc., each as underwriter and as representative of the several underwriters identified therein, Capital One Auto Receivables, LLC, as the Depositor, and Capital One, National Association, as the Servicer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Issuer (Commission File No. 333-260710-03) with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 15, 2023). |
| 3.1         | Second Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Capital One Auto Receivables, LLC, as Depositor, dated as of August 2, 2018 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Form SF-3 filed by the Depositor (Commission File No. 333-260710) with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 3, 2021).                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
| 4.1         | Indenture, dated as of February 23, 2023, between Capital One Prime Auto Receivables Trust 2023-1, as Issuer, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as the Indenture Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Issuer (Commission Number 333-260710-03) with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 23, 2023).                                                                                                                                                                        |
| 10.1        | Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 23, 2023, between Capital One, National Association, and Capital One Auto Receivables, LLC, as Purchaser (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Form 8-K filed by the Issuer (Commission Number 333-260710-03) with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 23,  2023).                                                                                                                                                                                                       |
| 10.2        | Asset Representations Review Agreement, dated as of February 23, 2023, among Capital One Prime Auto Receivables Trust 2023-1, as Issuer, Capital One, National Association, as Sponsor and Servicer, and Clayton Fixed Income Services LLC, as Asset Representations Reviewer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of Form 8-K filed by the Issuer (Commission Number 333-260710-03) with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 23, 2023).                                                                            |
| 10.3        | Sale Agreement, dated as of February 23, 2023, between Capital One Auto Receivables, LLC, as Depositor, and Capital One Prime Auto Receivables Trust 2023-1, as Purchaser (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Form 8-K filed by the Issuer (Commission Number 333-260710-03) with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 23, 2023).                                                                                                                                                                                |
| 10.4        | Servicing Agreement, dated as of February 23, 2023, by and between Capital One Prime Auto Receivables Trust 2023-1, as Issuer, Capital One, National Association, as Servicer, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Indenture Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of Form 8-K filed by the Issuer (Commission Number 333-260710-03) with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 23, 2023).                                                                                                          |
| 10.5        | Second Amended and Restated Trust Agreement, dated as of February 23, 2023, between Capital One Auto Receivables, LLC, as the Depositor, BNY Mellon Trust of Delaware, as the Owner Trustee and acknowledged and agreed to by Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Certificate Registrar and Certificate Paying Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of Form 8-K filed by the Issuer (Commission Number 333-260710-03) with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 23, 2023).                              |
| 10.6        | Administration Agreement, dated as of February 23, 2023, between Capital One Prime Auto Receivables Trust 2023-1, as Issuer, Capital One, National Association, as Administrator, and Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Indenture Trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of Form 8-K filed by the Issuer (Commission Number 333-260710-03) with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 23, 2023).                                                                                                       |
| 31.1        | Certification of Capital One Auto Receivables, LLC, as Depositor, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(d)/15d-14(d) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    |
| 33.1        | Report on Assessment of Compliance with Servicing Criteria for Capital One, National Association, as Servicer.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           |
| 33.2        | Report on Assessment of Compliance with Servicing Criteria for Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Indenture Trustee.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
| 34.1        | Attestation Report of Ernst & Young LLP on Assessment of Compliance with Servicing Requirement relating to Capital One, National Association.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| 34.2        | Attestation Report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP on Assessment of Compliance with Servicing Requirement relating to Wilmington Trust, National Association, as Indenture Trustee.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        |
| 35.1        | Servicer Compliance Statement of Capital One, National Association.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      |

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|                                                 |                                                                                                         |  |  |  |  |
|-------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--|--|--|--|
| Capital One Auto Receivables, LLC, as Depositor |
|                                                 |                                                                                                         |
| By:                                         | /s/ THOMAS A. FEIL                                                                              |
|                                                 |                                                                                                         |
| Name:                                       | *Thomas A. Feil                                                                                         |
| Title:                                      | President                                                                                               |
|                                                 |                                                                                                         |
| Date:                                       | March 26, 2024                                                                                          |
|                                                 | * Thomas A. Feil is the senior officer in charge of securitization of Capital One Auto Receivables, LLC |