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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Title:

U.S. Residential Miscellaneous Refrigeration Products: Results from Amazon Mechanical Turk

Surveys

Author:

Greenblatt, Jeffery B.

Publication Date:

04-21-2014

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http://escholarship.org/uc/item/2pc4m0mk

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LBNL Paper LBNL-6537E

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LBNL-6537E 

U.S. Residential Miscellaneous 

Refrigeration Products: Results from 

Amazon Mechanical Turk Surveys

Jeffery B. Greenblatt, Scott J. Young, Hung-Chia 

(Dominique) Yang, Timothy Long, Bereket Beraki, 

Sarah K. Price, Stacy Pratt, Henry Willem, Louis-Benoit 

Desroches

Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Department

Environmental Energy Technologies Division 

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

Berkeley, CA 94720

Sally M. Donovan

Consultant, Melbourne, Australia

November 2013

The work described in this report was funded by the U.S. Department 

of Energy’s Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 

Building Technologies Program under Contract No. DE-AC02-

05CH11231.
DISCLAIMER

This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States 

Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the 

United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of 

California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or 

assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any 

information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not 

infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, 

process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not 

necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the 

United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of 

California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or 

reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or The Regents of 

the University of California.

COPYRIGHT NOTICE

This manuscript has been authored by an author at Lawrence Berkeley National 

Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 with the U.S. Department of 

Energy. The U.S. Government retains, and the publisher, by accepting the article for 

publication, acknowledges, that the U.S. Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, 

irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this 

manuscript, or allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes.
U.S. Residential Miscellaneous Refrigeration Products:

Results from Amazon Mechanical Turk Surveys

Jeffery B. Greenblatt, Scott J. Young, Hung-Chia (Dominique) Yang, Timothy Long, Bereket 

Beraki, Sarah K. Price, Stacy Pratt, Henry Willem, Louis-Benoit Desroches

Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 

Berkeley, California, USA

Sally M. Donovan

Consultant, Melbourne, Australia

REVISED: November 14, 2013

Abstract

Amazon Mechanical Turk was used, for the first time, to collect statistically representative 

survey data from U.S. households on the presence, number, type and usage of refrigerators, 

freezers, and various “miscellaneous” refrigeration products (wine/beverage coolers, 

residential icemakers and non-vapor compression refrigerators and freezers), along with 

household and demographic information. Such products have been poorly studied to date, 

with almost no information available about shipments, stocks, capacities, energy use, etc. A 

total of 9,981 clean survey responses were obtained from five distinct surveys deployed in 

2012. General refrigeration product survey responses were weighted to demographics in 

the U.S. Energy Information Administration’s Residential Energy Consumption Survey 2009 

dataset. Miscellaneous refrigeration product survey responses were weighted according to 

demographics of product ownership found in the general refrigeration product surveys. 

Model number matching for a portion of miscellaneous refrigeration product responses 

allowed validation of refrigeration product characteristics, which enabled more accurate 

estimates of the penetrations of these products in U.S. households. We estimated that there 

were 12.3±1.0 million wine/beverage coolers, 5.5(–3.5,+3.2) million residential icemakers 

and 4.4(–2.7,+2.3) million non-vapor compression refrigerators in U.S. households in 2012. 

(All numerical results are expressed with ranges indicating the 95% confidence interval.) 

No evidence was found for the existence of non-vapor compression freezers. Moreover, we 

found that 15% of wine/beverage coolers used vapor compression cooling technology, 

while 85% used thermoelectric cooling technology, with the vast majority of 

thermoelectric units having capacities of less than 30 wine bottles (approximately 3.5 cubic 

feet). No evidence was found for the existence of wine/beverage coolers with absorption 

cooling technology. Additionally, we estimated that there were 3.6±1.0 million hybrid 

refrigerator-wine/beverage coolers and 0.9±0.5 million hybrid freezer-wine/beverage 

coolers in U.S. households. We also obtained estimates of miscellaneous refrigeration 

product capacities, lifetimes, purchase and installation costs, repair frequencies and costs, 

and maintenance costs. For wine/beverage coolers, we also obtained information on the 

penetration of built-in units, AC/DC operating capability, the use of internal lights, and 

distributions of door opening frequencies. This information is essential to develop detailed 

estimates of national energy usage and life-cycle costs, and would be helpful in obtaining 

i
information on other plug-load appliances. Additional information not highlighted in the 

main report was presented in Appendices.

Table of Contents

1 Introduction.....................................................................................................................................................1

2 Data and methods..........................................................................................................................................2

2.1 Data sources ............................................................................................................................................2

2.1.1 Amazon Mechanical Turk ..........................................................................................................2

2.1.2 Residential Energy Consumption Survey............................................................................3

2.1.3 The NPD Group, Inc......................................................................................................................3

2.2 Survey design..........................................................................................................................................4

2.2.1 Inclusion of questions from other data sources................................................................6

2.2.2 Modifications to RECS questions ............................................................................................6

2.2.3 Inclusion of “cheater” questions to increase data quality.............................................8

2.2.4 Additional demographic subgroups ......................................................................................8

2.2.5 Qualification language.................................................................................................................9

2.3 Survey deployment............................................................................................................................ 10

2.3.1 Logistics......................................................................................................................................... 10

2.3.2 Costs and speed.......................................................................................................................... 11

2.3.3 Target numbers of samples ................................................................................................... 11

2.4 Filtering.................................................................................................................................................. 11

2.5 Demographic weighting................................................................................................................... 12

2.5.1 Sequential weighting method ............................................................................................... 12

2.5.2 Simultaneous weighting method......................................................................................... 13

2.5.3 Weighting methods used for each survey ........................................................................ 14

2.6 Calculation of confidence intervals ............................................................................................. 17

3 Results............................................................................................................................................................. 18

3.1 Wine/beverage coolers.................................................................................................................... 19

3.1.1 Number in U.S. households .................................................................................................... 19

3.1.2 Primary use and capacities .................................................................................................... 20

3.1.3 Refrigeration technology ........................................................................................................ 24

3.1.4 Brand/model number verification...................................................................................... 25

3.1.5 Product lifetime.......................................................................................................................... 27

3.1.6 Purchase price and installation cost................................................................................... 36

3.1.7 Repairs ........................................................................................................................................... 39

3.1.8 Maintenance................................................................................................................................. 41

3.1.9 Door opening frequency.......................................................................................................... 42

3.1.10 Use of internal lights .............................................................................................................. 43

3.1.11 Built-in units ............................................................................................................................. 44

3.1.12 AC/DC operation ..................................................................................................................... 44

3.1.13 Ownership demographics.................................................................................................... 45

3.2 Residential icemakers ...................................................................................................................... 49

3.2.1 Number in U.S. households .................................................................................................... 49

3.2.2 Brand/model number verification...................................................................................... 50

3.2.3 Distribution of capacities........................................................................................................ 51

ii
3.2.4 Product lifetime.......................................................................................................................... 52

3.2.5 Purchase price and installation cost................................................................................... 54

3.2.6 Repairs ........................................................................................................................................... 57

3.2.7 Maintenance................................................................................................................................. 60

3.2.8 Ownership demographics....................................................................................................... 61

3.3 Non-vapor compression refrigeration products.................................................................... 65

3.3.1 Number in U.S. households .................................................................................................... 65

3.3.2 Brand/model number verification...................................................................................... 66

3.3.3 Distribution of capacities........................................................................................................ 67

3.3.4 Product lifetime.......................................................................................................................... 68

3.3.5 Purchase price and installation cost................................................................................... 71

3.3.6 Repairs ........................................................................................................................................... 73

3.3.7 Maintenance................................................................................................................................. 74

3.3.8 Demographics of ownership.................................................................................................. 75

3.4 Hybrid refrigeration product results.......................................................................................... 79

3.5 AC/DC refrigeration products....................................................................................................... 81

4 Discussion...................................................................................................................................................... 83

4.1 Penetrations, saturations, numbers of households and numbers of devices ............. 83

4.2 Proportions of wine/beverage cooler capacities................................................................... 87

4.3 Price distributions of wine/beverage coolers......................................................................... 90

5 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................... 98

6 Acknowledgments...................................................................................................................................... 99

7 References ...................................................................................................................................................100

Appendices.........................................................................................................................................................103

A.1 Complete survey results ...............................................................................................................103

A.1.1 RP2 survey.................................................................................................................................103

A.1.2 RP3 survey.................................................................................................................................116

A.1.3 WC1 survey................................................................................................................................123

A.1.4 RI1 survey..................................................................................................................................140

A.1.5 NV1 survey ................................................................................................................................151

A.2 NPD wine/beverage cooler price distributions...................................................................163

A.2.1 Cumulative price distributions for all years by bottle capacity............................163

A.2.2 Average 2009-2011 price histograms by bottle capacity .......................................166

A.3 Deployed survey instruments ....................................................................................................176

A.3.1 RP2 survey.................................................................................................................................176

A.3.2 RP3 survey.................................................................................................................................195

A.3.3 WC1 survey................................................................................................................................204

A.3.4 RI1 survey..................................................................................................................................220

A.3.5 NV1 survey ................................................................................................................................236

iii
1 Introduction

The Energy Information Administration (EIA) within the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) 

reports that the share of energy used by plug-load appliance and consumer electronics 

devices has increased in U.S. households from 17% in 1978 to 31% in 2005 (EIA, 2011). 

This number is expected to increase in the future with growing demand for more and 

better quality household appliances and consumer electronics, despite significant 

improvements in energy efficiency.

There are several existing sources of household device information, including public data 

from the Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) administered by EIA (RECS, 

2009), the Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM),1 and Appliance 

Magazine.2 Other data are available from private market research firms such as The NPD 

Group,3 The Nielsen Company,4 IMS Research,5 and DisplaySearch.6 These data can be used 

to estimate device sales, numbers and types of devices per household, national energy use 

and potential savings, and to perform a detailed cost-benefit analysis of improved 

efficiency, for most major household device types (heating, cooling and ventilation 

equipment; “white goods” such as refrigerators, water heaters, clothes washers, etc.; and 

consumer electronics such as televisions and computers, and other miscellaneous plugload appliances).

Despite the abundance of information that these sources provide, there remain important 

data gaps, in some cases making the estimate of potential national energy savings for 

specific devices very uncertain. The major limitation of RECS is that it covers a wide range 

of devices; therefore its questions are sometimes too general to provide the information 

needed for detailed calculations. For instance, the latest RECS survey (RECS, 2009) 

indicates the number of refrigerators and freezers in a home along with door style, defrost 

technology and some capacity information, but the latter information is divided into fairly 

coarse bins. Also, it has no information about the type of cooling technology used, or the 

presence of other types of less common refrigeration products (described below). These 

turn out to be crucial variables in developing economic models for analyzing the impacts of 

improved efficiency.

In response to this and other data needs, LBNL has recently begun gathering data using a 

low-cost, online survey approach based on Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT).

7 We chose to 

use AMT as our data collection platform because of its large user base (more than 250,000 

in the U.S.—Paolacci et al., 2010; Amazon, 2011), affordability (roughly $1 to $3 per survey 

1 http://www.aham.org/ 2 http://www.appliancemagazine.com/

3 http://www.npd.com/

4 http://www.nielsen.com/

5 http://www.imsresearch.com/

6 http://www.displaysearch.com/

7 http://www.mturk.com/

1

 
respondent), ease of use, and prior experience at LBNL. The surveys sample a wide range of 

U.S. demographics; however, the online U.S. population does not necessarily match the 

general U.S. population. Therefore, we developed two complementary methods (called 

post-stratification weighting, described briefly in Section 2 and in detail in Greenblatt et al., 

2013) that are applied to the online survey data to correct for demographic biases that may 

exist, by assigning weights to individual responses.

This report focuses on miscellaneous refrigeration products, including wine chillers (also 

known as wine coolers, beverage centers or beverage coolers; hereafter referred to as 

“wine/beverage coolers”), residential icemakers and a number of refrigeration products 

that use cooling technology other than vapor compression (thermoelectric or absorption 

cooling). These so-called “non-vapor compression” refrigeration products consist primarily 

of wine/beverage coolers but also some refrigerators and possibly freezers. Little is 

currently known about these products, but shipments of wine/beverage coolers have been 

non-trivial in recent years (NPD, 2011) and such products may now be present in a nontrivial fraction of homes (Parekh et al., 2012). Moreover, shipments of all refrigeration 

products have been rising for many years (DOE, 2011). Therefore, it is worthwhile to 

collect more detailed data on these products in order to more accurately characterize 

national energy use, and serve as inputs for cost-benefit analysis of potential efficiency

improvements. To our knowledge, this report forms the first comprehensive dataset on 

miscellaneous refrigeration products to be published.

2 Data and methods

2.1 Data sources

The following data sources were used in this report.

2.1.1 Amazon Mechanical Turk

AMT was used to deploy surveys of refrigeration products (specifically, refrigerators, 

freezers, wine/beverage coolers, residential icemakers and non-vapor compression 

refrigerators and freezers) in U.S. households. AMT was started in 2005 by Amazon.com as 

a crowd-sourcing tool. This virtual workplace allows “requesters” to post Human 

Intelligence Tasks (HITs) and “workers” to pick tasks they want to complete in exchange 

for a certain amount of monetary compensation (called a “reward”). Those HITs usually 

require human discretion and action that cannot be replaced by computers, such as image 

identification, adding tags or flags, finding correct websites, language translation, or survey 

questionnaires. Roughly half of the more than 500,000 AMT users globally are from the U.S.

(Paolacci et al., 2010; Amazon, 2011), providing a large, diverse subject pool, especially for 

U.S.-based research.

Paolacci et al. (2010) demonstrated that the population of AMT is “at least as 

representative of the U.S. population as traditional subject pools,” and Gosling et al. (2004)

concluded that online surveys have been shown to be “relatively diverse with respect to 

2
gender, socioeconomic status, geographic region, and age...and are consistent with findings 

from traditional methods.” However, these comparisons are made to traditional sources of 

data in psychology research, which tend to include student convenience samples. Ipeirotis 

(2010) showed that the geographical distribution and race composition of workers 

generally match those of Internet users, but when compared with the general U.S. 

demographics, they found that AMT workers are on average younger, more typically 

female, and have higher education levels and fewer children. These demographics are not 

representative of the general population, but all relevant demographic groups are still 

present, albeit with lower frequencies of occurrence. Therefore, weighting online panel 

data has become a common way to adjust survey results to match more closely to the 

general population. A brief description of the weighting methods used can be found in 

Section 2.5.

For more information about AMT and weighting techniques, see Greenblatt et al. (2013).

2.1.2 Residential Energy Consumption Survey

The Residential Energy Consumption Survey (RECS) is published every few years by the 

U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), a branch of the U.S. Department of Energy 

(DOE). It asks hundreds of questions about home characteristics, appliances, and 

demographics, and is designed to be a representative sample of U.S. households. Data from 

RECS is used for many purposes, by researchers both inside and outside of DOE. Among its 

primary uses is to inform national energy use projections that are published each year in 

the Annual Energy Outlook (EIA, 2012). For many products, RECS is the only nationallyrepresentative source of data available.

The most recent survey (RECS, 2009) contained more than 12,000 households 

representing every Census region (McNary and Berry, 2012). Data were assigned weights 

(as part of the public data product) indicating the number of households each sample 

represented. RECS data were used as a basis for assigning weights to AMT survey data, 

using the demographic questions contained in RECS. We used RECS demographics as a 

reference sample for weighting AMT survey results, using one of two methods described in 

Section 2.5.

2.1.3 The NPD Group, Inc.

The NPD Group, Inc. (NPD) is a private marketing research firm who collects monthly U.S. 

shipments of a wide variety of consumer products. These are point-of-sale data; thus, they 

record actual numbers of units sold across the U.S. for the fraction of retail transactions 

covered by their network. The detailed data lists products by specific brand and model 

number, and contains ancillary information such as capacity and features that allows for 

classification into many product categories. We used NPD data to provide shipments of 

wine/beverage coolers from 2005-2011 (NPD, 2011). NPD estimates that its shipments 

represent 25-40% of U.S. sales, though they admit this is a rough approximation. Our 

analysis suggests that this estimate is too large by at least a factor of four.

3
2.2 Survey design

Surveys were developed for deployment using AMT focusing on various types of 

refrigeration products. Surveys shared in common a set of demographic questions, placed 

at the end of the survey, which were based strongly on questions found in RECS (see 

below). Within each survey, both “general population” samples (all demographics) and 

demographic “subgroup” samples (e.g., only Black/African American race) were deployed, 

in order to collect adequate numbers of samples across all demographic groups.

A summary of the surveys deployed, including the focus of each survey, is found below in 

Table 1. Note that one survey (RP1) was excluded due to its preliminary nature.

4
Table 1. AMT surveys used in this report

Survey 

Code

RefrigeratorsFreezers Wine/

beverage 

coolers

Residential 

icemakers

Non-vapor 

compression 

products*

Hybrid 

products

AC/DC 

products

Detailed 

questions

Brand/

model 

numbers

RP1** X X X X X

RP2 X X X X X X X X X

RP3 X X X X X

WC1 X X X

RI1 X X X

NV1 X X X X X

* Other than wine/beverage coolers

** Survey excluded from analysis

5
2.2.1 Inclusion of questions from other data sources

We used the RECS (2009) survey to provide the format and wording of most of the 

demographic questions used in our surveys, as well as its demographic data for weighting 

our surveys. The demographic questions included were:

• Zipcode

• Gender

• Hispanic/Latino origin

• Race

• Highest education level

• Number of occupants by age

• Total number of occupants in household

• Annual household income

• Type of home (for some surveys)

• Owned vs. rented home (for some surveys) 

2.2.2 Modifications to RECS questions

We modified some questions from how they were phrased in RECS in order to increase the 

accuracy of the responses. For instance, questions about the number of various types of 

refrigeration products in the home all had the following basic structure: 

How many refrigerators are plugged-in and turned on in your home?

Number of Refrigerators: 

We modified the format of the questions to ensure that certain types of devices were 

included, and others excluded. Based on the professional survey experience of our team, we 

know that respondents tend to answer the last thing they read. Therefore, if the list of what 

to exclude immediately precedes the answers, some respondents may answer opposite to 

what is desired. For this reason, we repeated the list of what to include, and also repeated 

the question (simplified and rephrased) to ensure that is the last thing read before the 

answers are presented:

How many refrigerators are plugged in at your home right now?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• Stand-alone freezers

• Stand-alone icemakers

• Stand-alone wine/beverage coolers

INCLUDE:

6
• Full-size refrigerators

• Compact refrigerators

• Refrigerators with separate freezers, automatic icemakers, or wine/beverage cooler 

compartments 

Check the number of refrigerators:

• None

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

• 5 or more

• Don’t know

We also ensured that every question had a “Don't know” or “Decline to state” option, to

provide respondents with the ability to answer every question even if they did not provide 

information. This was important both for addressing possible discomfort when answering 

demographic questions (race, household income, etc.), as well as distinguishing 

respondents who skipped questions (answer left blank) from those who answered the 

question but did not provide information.

In addition, some of the demographic questions were phrased differently than in RECS. 

Specifically:

• We avoided the term “householder” and instead asked about the person completing 

the survey.

• For the question about race, some answers that were chosen very infrequently in 

RECS (e.g., Alaskan Native) were replaced with combined categories. Also, because 

there was a separate question about Hispanic origin (as in RECS), we eliminated the 

option of also indicating “Hispanic” in the question on race, because this option was 

seldom used in RECS responses and in our opinion needlessly confused the results. 

For the RP3, RI1 and NV1 surveys, instead of allowing the respondent to check 

multiple races, we allowed only one response but provided a “Two or more races” 

response to take care of those who considered themselves part of more than one 

race.

• We asked for the total number of household occupants differently than in RECS:

o AMT: How many persons live in your household for at least six months 

of the year? Please include yourself in that number.

o RECS: Including yourself, how many people normally live in this 

household? Do not include anyone who is just visiting, those away in the 

military, or children who are away at college.

• The way we asked about the ages of occupants was different from RECS, which 

asked for the age of each household member in order of decreasing age. In our 

approach, we asked the respondent to indicate the number of occupants within each 

age range (0-9, 10-19, etc.). We also provided an “age unknown” category to account 

for those where age may be uncertain.

7
2.2.3 Inclusion of “cheater” questions to increase data quality

Not all respondents answered honestly or accurately. After the RP1 survey was deployed, 

we noticed that a small minority of respondents appeared to be providing strange answers 

to many questions, but we could not prove that their answers were “wrong.” For 

subsequent surveys, we introduced a number of non-topical questions we termed “cheater”

questions. These were designed so that any U.S. resident would be able to answer them 

easily, unless they were distracted or deliberately trying to confound the survey. The 

questions were mildly disguised by embedding them among topical product questions, 

with incorrect answers that often strongly resembled those of the surrounding questions. 

Individual responses with one or more cheater questions answered incorrectly were 

eliminated from further analysis. Examples of “cheater” questions are summarized below:

• What material are wine bottles typically made from? (Choices: Fabric, Glass, 

Rubber, Tile, Wood, Don’t know)

• How many bottles of wine are there in a dozen? (Choices: 1, 2, 6, 12, 24, 50 or 

more, Don’t know)

• What are ice cubes typically made from? (Choices: Air, Glass, Steel, Water, Oil, 

Don’t know)

• Who is the current president of the U.S.? (Choices: “Obama” embedded in a 

number of refrigeration product brand names)

We also included another question both meant to catch “cheaters” as well as to doublecheck that the answers they provided two different ways actually matched. The question 

concerned the number of full-time occupants living in the home. We both asked for the 

total number as well as the number in each of several age bands (including an “unknown 

age” band). The sum of the age-based responses was compared against the response to the 

total number of occupants. Responses that differed by more than ±1 (to account for honest 

mistakes in arithmetic) were classified as “cheaters” and eliminated from further analysis.

2.2.4 Additional demographic subgroups

In order to correct for biases in the sampling of demographic groups in AMT, one or more 

demographic subgroup surveys were also deployed to increase numbers of underrepresented demographics. These were done in addition to deploying a survey that 

sampled the entire population of possible respondents. Figure 1 shows typical unweighted 

general population AMT demographics (from the RP2 survey) in comparison with 

(weighted) RECS data. Circled items indicate demographic categories with significant 

deficits (i.e., where AMT populations are approximately half or lower than RECS), 

indicating a possible need for demographic subgroup sampling. Note that AMT data shown 

did not include “Decline to state” answers.

8
Figure 1. Comparison of demographic distributions in unweighted AMT RP2 and (weighted) RECS general 

population data. Circles indicate those categories with significant deficits (AMT populations approximately half 

or lower than in RECS).

Specifically, we found that the following demographic groups were generally underrepresented in the unweighted AMT data by about a factor of two or more compared with 

RECS:

1) Black/African American households

2) Households with persons age 60 and older

3) Respondents with no college education

4) One-person households

5) Hispanic households

6) Low-income households (<$20,000/year)

For the RP1 survey, we included the first four demographic categories, but for the other 

surveys, we dropped one-person households and focused on the first three. These 

demographics had smaller populations than RECS and were therefore the most deficient 

compared to the general population. By including the additional surveys, the populations of 

these demographic subgroups were brought to within a factor of two of the RECS 

populations.

2.2.5 Qualification language

All surveys also included a header that clearly announced the qualifications for taking the 

survey and getting paid. Those who did not adhere to the qualifications were not paid. The 

RP2 survey header is shown below:

9
Qualifications: U.S. residents at least 18 years old.

Please answer honestly and accurately! We have provided plenty of time for you to 

answer every question carefully.

NOTE: You will NOT GET PAID if you do not qualify for this survey or answer all 

questions that you are NOT asked to skip. Also, due to the size of our research study, 

we may take up to 21 DAYS to pay you.

For the WC1, RI1 and NV1 surveys, we further targeted a specific portion of the population 

who owned targeted devices (e.g., residential icemaker):

You must have at least one STAND-ALONE ICEMAKER in your home to take this 

survey.

For surveys where a specific demographic subgroup was targeted (e.g., no college 

education), in addition to identifying clearly in the survey title which demographic group 

was required (e.g., “Refrigeration Products Survey for people who never attended college”), 

a warning was provided in the survey header:

Qualifications: U.S. residents at least 18 years old, who have NEVER ATTENDED 

COLLEGE. If you have attended college, even if you did not graduate, you DO NOT 

QUALIFY for this survey and we will NOT approve it.

Finally, we included warnings about taking a survey more than once, even if the 

respondent otherwise qualified for the survey. Such “duplicates” were identified by 

matching worker IDs (an anonymous identifier code unique to every worker) from each 

survey, and the duplicate participant responses were eliminated from further analysis. For 

most surveys, the HIT IDs (unique identifiers associated with each survey launched) were 

included explicitly, as in the below example:

If you have already taken the survey titled "Refrigeration Products Survey" (with or 

without another demographic group specified), HIT-ID 

"2A3B3L0FBJ9IJ1ZQ4G5VI5RQ8CVYM1", 

"26VOBDDP8PJWFKTPTMDB7Q3AGN74FS" or 

"25CQIHPCGJ2DXR4FHUOH4JPQAGY280", you CANNOT take this survey. 

Duplications will be identified and will NOT BE PAID.

2.3 Survey deployment

2.3.1 Logistics

We typically began with a test of 100 responses, to ensure that responses received were 

reasonable (e.g., that the questions asked were being correctly interpreted), and that the 

majority of respondents were paid an adequate amount based on the time spent answering 

10
the survey (see below). This amount was sometimes subsequently adjusted before 

launching the full survey. The time limit was also examined to ensure that every 

respondent in the test had ample time to complete the survey, and adjusted if necessary.

The general population survey was launched first, followed by the demographic subgroup 

surveys once enough demographic data had been accumulated to validate needed 

demographic groups. In some cases, demographic subgroups were not launched due to 

adequate demographics or time constraints.

2.3.2 Costs and speed

AMT reports that the average worker expects to make $6/hr. on average, but surveys that 

pay above this amount will be more popular and therefore complete faster. We decided to 

adopt a policy where 90% of respondents were paid at least $6/hr., which, given the typical 

distribution of completion times generally resulted in the median response-time worker 

earning $10-12/hr. As a rough guide, this translated into a price paid of approximately 

$0.25 per 10 questions asked (depending on complexity), with the average survey paying 

about $1.50. In most cases, we also paid a premium (up to double the base price) for some 

demographic subgroups, in order to increase the response rates of these surveys. Most 

surveys completed their targeted number of responses (see below) within 3 weeks of 

launching. 

2.3.3 Target numbers of samples

We aimed for at least 2,500 final responses or ±1% accuracy for each targeted product 

survey, assuming normal binomial statistics (see Greenblatt et al., 2013 for more 

information). This accuracy level was partly driven by affordability; as we aimed to spend 

less than $5,000 per survey (including all demographic subgroups and discarded 

responses), at $1.50 per response, plus Amazon 10% overhead, we found that we could 

obtain approximately 3,000 gross responses within our per-survey budget.

2.4 Filtering

Several categories of responses resulted in exclusion from analysis: 

• Non-qualified responses (did not own the required device or match the required 

demographics)

• Duplicate responses (worker ID found in more than one survey within the set)

• Responses with an excessive number of skipped questions (3-5, depending on the 

survey)

• Answered one or more cheater questions incorrectly

Finally, we made a limited number of modifications to the data when:

• Respondents e-mailed us with corrected data

• We identified misspelled brand names, etc. in the survey and made corrections

The resulting datasets were referred to as unweighted (filtered) data.

11
2.5 Demographic weighting

We developed two distinct approaches for weighting the demographic survey data. Both 

compared unweighted AMT demographic distributions to a reference dataset (e.g., RECS) 

and applied weights to make them resemble the reference distributions as closely as 

possible. To help with visualization, Figure 2 below provides a cartoon illustration showing 

the demographic variables as a cube that represents a larger, multi-dimensional 

“hypercube,” where each dimension is one demographic variable, and each division of a 

given dimension represents a variable choice (e.g., for the number of occupants: 1, 2, 3, 

etc.).

One method (“sequential”) applied weights based on distributions of single demographic 

variables one at a time in sequence, while the other method (“simultaneous”) applied 

weights based on several demographic variables at the same time. A summary of each 

method is described below. For more information, including critical comparisons, see 

Greenblatt et al. (2013).

Figure 2. Cartoon representation of demographic variable “hypercube”

2.5.1 Sequential weighting method

In this sequential or iterative method, demographic distributions were compared on one 

demographic variable at a time, with weights assigned based on the ratio of population 

shares in the reference sample versus AMT. Weights were assigned to each response in that 

particular demographic category, and were then used to calculate demographic 

distributions for the next demographic variable, from which a second set of weights were 

assigned. This process then continued for each demographic variable under consideration 

(typically, eight variables). The procedure then repeated, iterating until the weight of each 

response changed by less than a threshold amount (usually set to 0.5%).

A cartoon illustration is shown below (demographic variables are not necessarily in the 

same order as implemented by the algorithm):

12
Figure 3. Cartoon illustration of the sequential demographic weighting method.

2.5.2 Simultaneous weighting method

In the simultaneous method, one begins as for the one-dimensional iterative method, with 

a single demographic group for which weights are calculated based on the reference 

population. The next step, however, is unlike the iterative method, because it adds a second 

demographic variable while retaining the first; e.g., the sample becomes more finely 

divided. For instance, the method usually begins with geographic region; once weights are 

calculated for each region, the sample is further subdivided by number of occupants, so 

that reference weights for a given geographic region and number of occupants is calculated. 

This process is then repeated with additional demographic variables until there are no 

reference samples that correspond. In the case where an AMT response is unknown (e.g., 

the respondent indicates “Don’t know” or “Decline to state”), the method terminates for 

that response and retains its cumulative weight. 

The order of the sequence was: region, number of occupants, race, number of 20-29 year 

olds, and education. The remaining variables were left unweighted. This selection of 

variables was the result of much experimentation and represents our optimum solution 

thus far. Further experimentation may improve results slightly, but is unlikely to result in a 

large improvement. These demographic variables were chosen as they correct the largest 

known biases in the AMT population. Region was chosen as the first variable as there was a 

valid answer for every survey response, (i.e., “Don’t know/Decline to state”), ensuring 

every response had an initial weight. Number of occupants also had very few invalid 

answers, and corrected the proportion of “Under 20 year olds” in the age category. 

Experimentation with the order of the remaining variables determined that race was the 

most appropriate to weight next. When other variables, i.e., education, were placed before 

race, the correction to education was very similar to having it at the end, while the 

correction to race was significantly worse. The case was similar for the number of 20-29 

year-olds category. This age group was chosen as its own category because it had a very 

strong bias, i.e., more than 50% of the unweighted AMT survey responses had at least one 

20-29 year old, whereas in RECS less than 20% of households did. Income was left out, 

because education and income are highly correlated, thus correcting for one typically 

13
corrects for the other, and education had fewer “Don’t know/Decline to state” answers. 

Although there is a female bias in the AMT data, it is very slight and therefore was not 

explicitly addressed. Due to the finite number of responses in RECS, any additional 

demographic variables would subdivide the sample too finely, resulting in reference 

subsamples with few or no responses. 

Figure 4 illustrates this process schematically.

Figure 4. Cartoon illustration of the simultaneous demographic weighting method.

2.5.3 Weighting methods used for each survey

The weighting method used for each survey varied. For surveys targeting all U.S. 

households (RP2 and RP3), we used the RECS 2009 sample as our reference with over 

12,000 data points, and the simultaneous weighting method that was previously 

demonstrated to provide superior results to the sequential weighting method (Greenblatt 

et al., 2013).

The remaining surveys (WC1, RI1 and NV1) were targeted at small U.S. sub-populations 

that owned specific refrigeration products (wine /beverage coolers, residential icemakers 

and non-vapor compression refrigeration products, respectively). Because these subpopulations did not necessarily have the same demographics as the U.S. population as a 

whole, we used the weighted RP2 and RP3 surveys as our reference sample, filtered by 

those households who indicated they owned the targeted refrigeration products. Although 

the total number of samples in RP2 and RP3 was large (almost 7,000 data points), the 

numbers of households with the targeted products were much lower (between 505 and 

1,100 data points). As a result, the reference sample was unacceptably small for use with 

the simultaneous method, resulting in a large number (ca. 20%) of responses in the target 

14
sample that had no corresponding demographic match in the reference sample. Therefore, 

we were only able to use the sequential method for these surveys.

Also, for the targeted-population surveys, we attempted to authenticate the brand and 

model numbers provided by respondents, to ensure that responses in the sample referred 

to actual targeted refrigeration products. For the WC1 survey, only 511 respondents (24%) 

provided such information, but out of the 402 positively-identified models, 96% were 

authenticated as wine/beverage coolers, so we were reasonably confident that the entire 

sample largely reflected actual wine/beverage cooler owners, and no filtering was 

performed (other than eliminating the 11 respondents who indicated that they did not own 

a wine/beverage cooler or left this question blank). 

For the RI1 survey, nearly all respondents provided brand and model numbers, and 89% 

were positively identified, with 86% of that subset authenticated as residential icemakers. 

Because we had such a complete set of responses with brand and model number 

information, we chose to use only those responses with authenticated ownership, which 

provided us with over 800 final sample points.

For the NV1 survey, we separately analyzed refrigerator and freezer responses. For 

refrigerators, nearly all (>99%) respondents indicated they had such a product, 92% 

provided brand and model numbers, and 87% of those were positively identified. For this 

product, however, only 24% of positively identified responses were authenticated as nonvapor compression refrigerators, limiting this data sample to 161. For freezers, about 36% 

of respondents indicated they owned such a product, and 79% of those provided brand and 

model numbers. However, not a single response was positively identified as being a nonvapor compression freezer, so this data sample was empty. 

For more information, see Table 2.

15
Table 2. Weighting methods of deployed surveys

Survey 

code Description

Target 

population

Reference 

survey for 

weighting

Number 

of 

reference 

samples

Weighting 

method Filtering

Number of 

clean survey 

samples

RP2

All refrigeration 

products, including 

wine/beverage 

coolers, residential 

icemakers and nonvapor compression 

products

All U.S. 

households

Full RECS 2009 

sample 12,089 Simultaneous

None 3,010

RP3 None 3,850

WC1 Wine/beverage 

coolers

Wine/beverage 

cooler owners

RP2+RP3 

wine/beverage 

cooler owner 

sub-sample

888 Sequential

Self-identified 

nonwine/beverage 

cooler owners

2,149

RI1 Residential 

icemakers

Residential 

icemaker 

owners

RP2+RP3 

residential 

icemaker 

owner subsample

505 Sequential

Authenticated 

residential 

icemaker model

numbers

811

NV1

Non-vapor 

compression 

refrigeration 

products

Non-vapor 

compression 

refrigeration 

product 

owners

RP2+RP3 nonvapor 

compression 

refrigeration 

product owner 

sub-sample

1,100 Sequential

Authenticated 

non-vapor 

compression 

refrigeration 

product model 

numbers

Refrigerators: 

161

Freezers: 0

Total 9.981

16
2.6 Calculation of confidence intervals

We define a “proportion” as the fraction of respondents answering with a specific response 

to a survey question. For instance, for Question 1 in the RP2 survey (“How many 

refrigerators are plugged in at your home right now?”), the proportion the response of “1” 

was 75%. 

We used the normal approximation to the binomial distribution (Wikipedia, 2012a) to 

calculate the standard error for a single proportion as:

σx = �px(1 − px)

N

where

σx = standard error for a single proportion

px = a single proportion

N = the total number of responses in the sample

For instance, if px = 0.5 and N = 2,500, then σx = 0.01.

We calculated the lower and upper bounds of the confidence interval as: 

lower bound = px − zσx

upper bound = px + zσx

The values –z and z are the standard scores bracketing the desired probability in the center 

of the standard normal distribution (Wikipedia, 2012b, 2012c). For example, for a 95% 

confidence interval, z = 1.96 because –1.96 and 1.96 are the standard scores for which the 

standard normal cumulative distribution function equals 2.5% and 97.5%, respectively. 

The confidence interval values reported in Appendix A.1 are zσx, or half of the extent of the 

full confidence interval.

When more than two response values were possible, we used the Bonferroni correction 

(Bailey, 1980; Cherry, 1996; Wikipedia, 2012d) to create individual confidence intervals 

that result in a 95% confidence level across all responses within a group. We calculated the 

confidence level of individual confidence intervals as:

Ci = 1 − α

k

where

17
α = 1 − Cg

Ci = the confidence level of an individual interval 

Cg = the group-wise confidence level (i.e., 95%)

k = the number of response values in a group

We refer to these as Bonferroni-corrected confidence intervals. These intervals provide a 

conservative estimate of the uncertainty in the quantities than the individual 95% 

confidence intervals.8 Table 3 outlines the individual confidence levels and values of z used 

for selected numbers of response values.

Table 3. Details of the individual confidence intervals for selected numbers of response values

Number of 

response 

values (k)

Confidence level of 

individual intervals 

(Ci)

z-value

2 95.00% 1.9600

3 98.33% 2.3940

4 98.75% 2.4977

5 99.00% 2.5758

6 99.17% 2.6383

8 99.38% 2.7344

10 99.38% 2.7344

12 99.58% 2.8653

15 99.67% 2.9352

20 99.75% 3.0233

3 Results

Because of the large number of questions asked among the deployed surveys, we have 

chosen not to report all results here, but focus on those results considered most important 

for economic impact analyses. The Appendices provide results for all questions from each 

survey (except those with too few responses to be considered statistically valid), as well as 

the text of the surveys themselves.

A note about terminology: we use the term “penetration” to indicate the fraction of U.S. 

homes that have at least one targeted product, and “saturation” to indicate the average 

8 Some researchers have pointed out shortcomings with this approach, which are improved with more 

elaborate formulations, such as Bailey (1980). Cherry (1996) compared Bailey’s method with the Bonferroniadjusted binomial distribution and found important differences for N < ~500 and k > ~10, but results were 

almost indistinguishable otherwise. In our cases, we are within this latter regime for most questions, and take 

appropriate precautions when evaluating these results.

18

 
number of targeted products across U.S. homes; for products with high penetrations, the 

saturation can sometimes be greater than 100% (if the average number of products per 

home is greater than one), but the penetration can never be greater than 100%. The 

saturation divided by the penetration equals the average number of products found in 

homes with that product.

Also, all confidence intervals are reported at the 95% group level, using the normal 

approximation to the binomial distribution when only two choices are available, and the

Bonferroni-corrected factor when there are three or more choices; see Section 2.6.

3.1 Wine/beverage coolers

3.1.1 Number in U.S. households

Two separate general population surveys (RP2 and RP3) were conducted that asked about 

the presence and numbers of wine/beverage coolers in households. The results were very 

consistent between the two surveys, ranging from penetrations of 9.1% to 11.1%; within 

the confidence intervals of each survey (approximately ±1.0%), the estimates agreed. The 

combined average penetration, consisting of 6,846.6 weighted responses, was 9.99%, with 

a confidence interval of ±0.71%. See Table 4 for more information.

Table 4. Penetration of wine/beverage coolers in U.S. households

Survey 

Code

Households with 

wine/beverage 

coolers

Total 

households*

Weighted 

Proportion

Confidence 

interval

RP2 335.15 3,008.31 11.14% 1.12%

RP3 348.70 3,838.30 9.08% 0.91%

Total 683.85 6,846.61 9.99% 0.71%

* Not including “Don’t know” and blank responses.

We subsequently verified identities of wine/beverage coolers among respondents who 

provided brand and model number information (see Section 3.1.4 below), and found a false 

positive rate of 4.1±1.9%. We therefore multiplied our estimates by 0.959±0.019 to correct 

for this bias, giving a household penetration of 9.58±0.74%. Given the Annual Energy 

Outlook 2012 estimate of 116.1 million households (EIA, 2012), the number of households 

with wine/beverage coolers was estimated to be 11.12±0.86 million.

The RP2, RP3 and WC1 surveys also asked wine/beverage cooler households how many 

units they had. More than 90% of households reported having only one; see Table 5 for 

more information. The average number per household was 1.109±0.027, giving a 

household saturation of 10.62±0.86%. Combined with the above information on total 

numbers of households with wine/beverage coolers, the estimated total number of 

wine/beverage coolers in U.S. households was 12.33±1.00 million.

19
Table 5. Number of wine/beverage coolers in U.S. households

Survey 

Code

Total 

weighted 

responses

Number of wine/beverage coolers Average 

number 

per 

household

Confidence 

1 2 3 4 (4+)* 5+ interval

RP2 335.15 96.51% 2.94% 0.37% 0.00% 0.18% 1.044 0.051

RP3 348.70 93.22% 5.78% 0.66% 0.17% 0.17% 1.083 0.067

WC1 2,149.00 90.74% 7.30% 0.85% 1.11% N/A 1.123 0.033

Total* 2,832.85 91.73% 6.60% 0.77% 0.90% N/A 1.109 0.027

* Since the WC1 survey did not provide a response of five or more wine/beverage coolers, 

we have consolidated the total to reflect this lack of information.

3.1.2 Primary use and capacities

The WC1 survey asked whether people used their wine/beverage cooler primarily to store 

wine, beer or soda, or something else, as the answer affected how the user subsequently 

indicated capacity. Results for this “primary use” question were as follows:

Table 6. Primary use of wine/beverage cooler (Question 2, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Wine 1194 1276.28 59.39% 59.55% 2.54%

Beer or soda 913 814.26 37.89% 37.99% 2.51%

Something else 39 52.62 2.45% 2.46% 0.80%

Total of known 

responses 2146 2143.15 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 0.67 0.03% NA NA

Blank 2 5.18 0.24% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Wine/beverage cooler capacities were filtered by primary use. Because the proportion of 

responses that answered neither “wine” nor “beer or soda” was very small (2.5%), we 

ignored these responses in analyzing capacity distributions.

Table 7. Capacities of wine/beverage coolers who primary use units for storing wine (Question 3, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

1-11 bottles 420 431.96 33.85% 34.95% 3.71%

12-19 bottles 377 425.35 33.33% 34.42% 3.70%

20-29 bottles 218 226.56 17.75% 18.33% 3.01%

20
30-39 bottles 74 81.16 6.36% 6.57% 1.93%

40-49 bottles 31 31.68 2.48% 2.56% 1.23%

50-59 bottles 20 25.29 1.98% 2.05% 1.10%

60-89 bottles 4 2.23 0.17% 0.18% 0.33%

90+ bottles 10 11.60 0.91% 0.94% 0.75%

Total of known 

responses 1154 1235.84 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 7 5.24 0.41% NA NA

Blank 33 35.20 2.76% NA NA

Total 1194 1276.28 100.00% NA NA

Table 8. Capacities of wine/beverage coolers who primary use units for storing beer or soda (Question 4, WC1 

survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval*

1-11 bottles 52 58.33 7.16% 7.71% 2.65%

12-19 bottles 184 161.28 19.81% 21.32% 4.07%

20-29 bottles 234 184.19 22.62% 24.34% 4.27%

30-39 bottles 131 114.72 14.09% 15.16% 3.57%

40-49 bottles 92 93.70 11.51% 12.38% 3.27%

50-59 bottles 48 37.32 4.58% 4.93% 2.15%

60-89 bottles 45 53.01 6.51% 7.01% 2.54%

90+ bottles 45 54.05 6.64% 7.14% 2.56%

Total of known 

responses 831 756.60 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 21 15.07 1.85% NA NA

Blank 61 42.59 5.23% NA NA

Total 913 814.26 100.00% NA NA

We converted these capacity measurements into common units (cubic feet) so that they 

could be combined to produce an overall capacity distribution. This was accomplished 

through the use of capacity-volume regressions using available data from manufacturer 

websites. Separate regressions were developed for wine chillers (capacity in number of 

750-mL wine bottles) and beverage centers (capacity in number of 12-oz. beer or soda 

cans), shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6. We forced both regressions to have a zero intercept 

to simplify the fits, though fits are very similar without this constraint. Regression results 

are shown in Table 9. 

21
Figure 5. Capacity-volume regression for wine chillers (Source: manufacturer websites)

Figure 6. Capacity-volume regression for beverage centers (Source: manufacturer websites)

y = 8.2196x

R2 = 0.9368

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Number of 750-mL wine bottles

Volume (Cu. ft.)

y = 25.971x

R2 = 0.6927

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Number of 12-oz. cans

Volume (cu. ft.)

22
Table 9. Capacity-volume regression results for wine chillers and beverage centers

Parameter Wine chillers Beverage centers

Units 750-mL wine bottles 12-oz. beer or soda cans

Number of data points 107 19

Slope (bottles or cans per cu. ft.) 8.22 25.97

R2 0.937 0.693

The resulting cumulative proportions of capacities are shown in Figure 7, and combined 

capacity distributions are shown in Table 10. Note there is a larger uncertainty for the 20-

29 and 30-39 bottle categories due to an ambiguity in the number of equivalent wine 

bottles that correspond to the “90+ bottles” capacity for units used primarily for beer or 

soda. We have assigned half of this proportion (1.37%) to each category.

Figure 7. Cumulative proportions of wine/beverage cooler capacities by primary use (wine and beer/soda), and 

combined primary use

Table 10. Combined capacity distribution of wine/beverage coolers

Wine bottle capacity 

range

Maximum volume (cu. 

ft.)

Proportion of 

total

Confidence 

interval

1-11 bottles 1.34 43.68% 3.57%

12-19 bottles 2.31 33.23% 3.15%

20-29 bottles 3.53 14.90% 1.71%

30-39 bottles 4.74 4.94% 2.58%

40-49 bottles 5.96 1.51% 1.35%

50-59 bottles 7.18 1.12% 0.75%

60-89 bottles 10.83 0.14% 0.64%

90+ bottles 14.48 0.48% 0.23%

Total of known responses 100.00%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 5 10 15

Cumulative proportion

Volume (cu. ft.)

Wine

Beer/soda

Combined

23
In subsequent sections, when we refer to a capacity in terms of number of wine bottles, we 

are implicitly including wine/beverage coolers used primarily for beer or soda as well, 

using the conversion factors from Table 9 to obtain the equivalent number of wine bottles.

3.1.3 Refrigeration technology

The RP2 and WC1 surveys asked about the refrigeration technology of wine/beverage 

coolers in households. Approximately 30% of respondents in both surveys indicated that 

they had a non-vapor compression (thermoelectric or absorption) wine/beverage cooler, 

but another 30-47% of respondents admitted that they did not know. See Table 11.

Table 11. Reported refrigeration technology

Survey 

Code

Total 

weighted 

responses

Proportions

Vapor 

compression

ThermoelectricAbsorptionThermoelectric or 

Absorption

Don’t 

know 

or 

blank

RP2 336.61 44.16% N/A N/A 26.35% 29.53%

WC1 2,149.00 20.56% 30.10% 2.68% 32.78% 46.67%

Total 2,485.61 23.76% N/A N/A 31.91% 44.33%

For the WC1 survey, we were able to further disaggregate the refrigeration technology by 

primary use and capacity. We binned the capacities by primary use such that they could be 

combined in terms of similar capacity (in cu. ft.) into an overall disaggregation independent 

of primary use. See Table 12 for details.

Table 12. Reported refrigeration technology by primary use and capacity

Primary 

use

Capacity

Total 

weighted 

responses

Respondent-indicated technology type

Number of 

bottles Cu. ft.

Vapor 

compressionThermoelectricAbsorption

Don’t 

know or 

blank

Weighted proportion

Wine

1-19 0.1 to 2.3 857.31 15.51% 38.59% 2.81% 43.09%

20-29 2.3 to 3.5 226.56 24.62% 40.02% 1.74% 33.63%

30+ 3.5+ 151.96 14.61% 32.62% 4.34% 48.43%

Beer or 

soda

1-59 0.0 to 2.3 649.54 24.47% 18.89% 2.76% 53.88%

60-89 2.3 to 3.4 53.01 35.44% 8.12% 0.30% 56.14%

90+ 3.4+ 54.05 41.60% 10.16% 4.88% 43.36%

Total

1-19 (wine) 0.1 to 2.3 1506.85 19.38% 30.10% 2.79% 47.74%

20-29 (wine) 2.3 to 3.5 279.57 26.67% 33.97% 1.46% 37.89%

30+ (wine) 3.5+ 206.02 21.69% 26.73% 4.49% 47.10%

Confidence interval

24
Wine

1-19 0.1 to 2.3 3.09% 4.15% 1.41% 4.22%

20-29 2.3 to 3.5 7.15% 8.13% 2.17% 7.84%

30+ 3.5+ 7.16% 9.50% 4.13% 10.13%

Beer or 

soda

1-59 0.0 to 2.3 4.21% 3.84% 1.61% 4.89%

60-89 2.3 to 3.4 16.41% 9.37% 1.89% 17.02%

90+ 3.4+ 16.75% 10.27% 7.32% 16.84%

Total

1-19 (wine) 0.1 to 2.3 2.54% 2.95% 1.06% 3.21%

20-29 (wine) 2.3 to 3.5 6.61% 7.07% 1.79% 7.25%

30+ (wine) 3.5+ 7.17% 7.70% 3.60% 8.69%

Because of the large differences in the proportions of refrigeration technologies between 

the RP2 and WC1 surveys, as well as the large number of “Don’t know” and blank

responses, we subsequently examined reported brand and model numbers to verify the 

reported refrigeration technologies (see Section 3.1.4). We found that many of the reported 

refrigeration technologies were incorrect, so we applied probabilities based on the 

reported refrigeration technology and capacity to arrive at final estimates of the 

proportions of wine/beverage cooler refrigeration technologies, which are summarized in

Table 13. We found that across capacity sizes, 15% of wine/beverage coolers use vapor 

compression technology, and 85% use thermoelectric technology. We found no evidence 

for absorption cooling-based wine/beverage coolers (see Section 3.1.4). 

Table 13. Reported wine/beverage cooler refrigeration technology from weighted WC1 survey response, and 

estimated technology type by capacity size

Capacity

(number 

of wine 

bottles)

Estimated 

technology type

Survey response

Vapor 

compressionThermoelectricAbsorption

Don't 

know or 

blank Total

1-19 Vapor compression 3.1% 0.0% 0.8% 1.6% 5.6%

Thermoelectric 15.7% 32.1% 2.5% 44.1% 94.4%

20-29 Vapor compression 11.1% 4.6% 0.8% 8.1% 24.6%

Thermoelectric 16.6% 27.5% 0.8% 30.6% 75.4%

30+ Vapor compression 24.8% 18.3% 3.3% 40.6% 87.1%

Thermoelectric 1.4% 3.7% 0.0% 7.9% 12.9%

Total* Vapor compression 6.1% 2.2% 1.0% 5.8% 15.1%

Thermoelectric 14.7% 29.1% 2.0% 39.1% 84.9%

* Weighted by proportions of wine/beverage cooler capacities from Table 10.

3.1.4 Brand/model number verification

Of the 2,149 survey responses, 511 (24%) provided brand and model numbers that we 

used to verify whether units were actually wine/beverage coolers, and if so what type of 

refrigeration technology was employed. See Table 14.

25
Table 14. Unweighted number of reported versus identified wine/beverage cooler refrigeration technologies

Manufacturer 

website information

Survey response

Vapor 

compression

Thermoelectric AbsorptionDon't 

know/blank Total

Vapor compression 40 32 5 51 128

Thermoelectric 27 144 4 91 266

Absorption 0 0 0 0 0

Not wine/beverage 

cooler

6 6 0 5 17

Unidentified 22 28 2 48 100

Total 95 210 11 195 511

We found 17 responses, or 4.1% of the 411 units that were positively identified, were not 

wine/beverage coolers (they were either refrigerators, or in one case, a printer). The 

confidence interval on this estimate was ±1.9%. Therefore, in the estimates of 

wine/beverage cooler penetration in homes in Section 3.1.1, we adjusted our estimates by 

0.959±0.019.

We found that users were not very accurate in identifying the type of refrigeration 

technology of their wine/beverage coolers: only 42% of units reported as vapor 

compression were actually verified as such, while 69% of thermoelectric units, and 0% of 

absorption units were similarly verified. Overall, we found that about one-third of total 

units were in fact vapor compression, two-thirds were thermoelectric, and none were 

absorption. As a result, we did not include absorption technology in subsequent analysis.

Moreover, we found that the relationship between survey response and actual refrigeration 

technology varied strongly as a function of capacity, as shown in Table 15. Among the 

smallest-capacity units (<20 wine bottles), virtually all units (96%) were found to be 

thermoelectric, with the balance being vapor compression. For mid-range capacity units 

(20-29 wine bottles), 80% were thermoelectric, and for the largest-capacity units (≥30 

wine bottles), only 14% were thermoelectric. This transition occurred very rapidly at a 

capacity of 30 wine bottles.

Table 15. Reported versus identified small-capacity (<20 bottle) wine/beverage cooler refrigeration technology, 

as fraction of identified units

Manufacturer 

website information

Survey response

Vapor 

compression

ThermoelectricAbsorption Don't 

know/blank Total

Small capacity (1-19 bottles)

Vapor compression 16.7% 0.0% 25.0% 3.5% 3.8%

Thermoelectric 83.3% 100.0% 75.0% 96.5% 96.2%

Total (N = 183) 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Medium capacity (20-29 bottles)

26
Vapor compression 40.0% 14.3% 50.0% 21.1% 20.2%

Thermoelectric 60.0% 85.7% 50.0% 78.9% 79.8%

Total (N = 99) 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Large capacity (30+ bottles)

Vapor compression 94.7% 83.3% 100.0% 83.8% 86.4%

Thermoelectric 5.3% 16.7% 0.0% 16.2% 13.6%

Total (N = 81) 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

These proportions were applied to the reported refrigeration technologies in the full WC1 

survey, as discussed in Section 3.1.3.

3.1.5 Product lifetime

WC1 asked whether the most-used wine/beverage cooler was bought new; about 65% 

reported they were; see Table 16.

Table 16. Proportion of wine/beverage coolers bought new (Question 13, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 1281 1354.94 63.05% 65.75% 2.34%

No 755 705.90 32.85% 34.25% 2.34%

Total of known responses 2036 2060.84 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 105 75.11 3.50% NA NA

Blank 8 13.05 0.61% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

The WC1 survey also asked how old the wine/beverage cooler was if it was bought new. 

About 48% of valid responses indicated they were less than 2 years old, and 91% indicated 

they were less than 5 years old. See Table 17 for more information.

Table 17. Age of wine/beverage coolers bought new (Question 16, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 1 year ago 288 300.82 22.20% 22.44% 3.20%

At least 1 but less than 2 years 

ago 335 330.03 24.36% 24.62% 3.30%

At least 2 but less than 3 years 

ago 313 311.04 22.96% 23.20% 3.24%

At least 3 but less than 4 years 

ago 142 168.50 12.44% 12.57% 2.54%

At least 4 but less than 5 years 75 103.24 7.62% 7.70% 2.04%

27
ago

At least 5 but less than 6 years 

ago 48 47.87 3.53% 3.57% 1.42%

At least 6 but less than 8 years 

ago 32 45.83 3.38% 3.42% 1.39%

At least 8 but less than 10 

years ago 15 13.52 1.00% 1.01% 0.77%

At least 10 but less than 15 

years ago 13 13.03 0.96% 0.97% 0.75%

At least 15 years ago or more 4 6.78 0.50% 0.51% 0.54%

Total of known responses 1265 1340.66 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 10 7.61 0.56% NA NA

Blank 6 6.66 0.49% NA NA

Total 1281 1354.94 100.00% NA NA

We also examined whether the wine/beverage cooler was the first one the respondent had 

owned, or if it was a replacement, upgrade or additional unit. Table 18 indicates that nearly 

90% of respondents had purchased for the first time.

Table 18. First-time wine/beverage cooler purchases (Question 18, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

The first one you (or the 

homeowner) have owned? 1880 1853.19 86.24% 87.56% 1.79%

A replacement of the same type 

of wine/beverage cooler that 

you (or the homeowner) owned 

before? 84 91.71 4.27% 4.33% 1.11%

An upgrade to the 

wine/beverage cooler you (or 

the homeowner) owned before? 115 126.20 5.87% 5.96% 1.29%

An additional wine/beverage 

cooler to the one you (or the 

homeowner) still own? 39 45.42 2.11% 2.15% 0.79%

Total of known responses 2118 2116.53 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 25 23.70 1.10% NA NA

Blank 6 8.77 0.41% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Because almost 90% of participants indicated that theirs was the first wine/beverage 

cooler they had owned, there was a concern that the age distribution might have been 

skewed toward newer units and thus younger average ages. To correct for this possibility, 

28
we also examined the age distribution for the subset of respondents for whom this was not 

the first wine/beverage cooler they had owned. We found that fewer responses (35%) than

in the full data sample indicated that units were less than 2 years old, but the same 

proportion (91%) indicated they were less than 5 years old. See Table 19.

Table 19. Age of wine/beverage coolers among those whom the unit was not the first one owned (Question 16, 

WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 1 year ago 23 31.20 17.88% 18.06% 8.21%

At least 1 but less than 2 years 

ago 33 29.02 16.63% 16.80% 7.98%

At least 2 but less than 3 years 

ago 49 49.80 28.54% 28.82% 9.67%

At least 3 but less than 4 years 

ago 20 20.65 11.84% 11.95% 6.93%

At least 4 but less than 5 years 

ago 13 26.00 14.90% 15.04% 7.63%

At least 5 but less than 6 years 

ago 5 5.76 3.30% 3.33% 3.83%

At least 6 but less than 8 years 

ago 6 4.76 2.73% 2.76% 3.50%

At least 8 but less than 10 

years ago 1 0.60 0.35% 0.35% 1.26%

At least 10 but less than 15 

years ago 4 4.98 2.85% 2.88% 3.57%

At least 15 years ago or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 154 172.79 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 1.70 0.97% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 156 174.49 100.00% NA NA

We used the above information combined with NPD data on shipments of wine/beverage 

coolers in recent years to construct a survival function.

The survival function was assumed to have the form of a cumulative Weibull distribution. 

The Weibull distribution is a probability distribution commonly used to measure failure 

rates. Its form is similar to an exponential distribution, which models a fixed failure rate, 

except that a Weibull distribution allows for a failure rate that changes over time in a 

particular fashion. The cumulative Weibull distribution takes the form: 

29
P(x) = e−�

x−θ

α � β

for x > θ

P(x) = 1 for x ≤ θ

where: 

P(x) = probability that the appliance is still in use at age x, 

x = appliance age

α = scale parameter, which would be the decay length in an exponential 

distribution,

β = shape parameter, which determines the way in which the failure rate changes 

through time, and

θ = delay parameter, which allows for a delay before any failures occur.

When β = 1, the failure rate is constant over time, giving the distribution the form of a 

cumulative exponential distribution. For many appliances, β is greater than 1, reflecting an 

increasing failure rate as appliances age; however, it can be less than one depending on the 

range of quality of products. 

This method incorporates several assumptions: 

• Appliance lifetime can be modeled by a survival function, and in particular, a 

Weibull distribution. This type of distribution is the standard one use in lifetime 

analyses, but it is not guaranteed to reflect actual real-world behavior. 

• The appliance survival function does not change through time (e.g., as product 

design or user behaviors evolve)

• The survival function is independent of other household factors, such as household 

size or geographic region

• Survey respondents neither systematically overestimated nor underestimated the 

current age of their appliance

• The delay parameter is limited to between 1 and 5 years, to reflect the range of 

common appliance warranties. A delay of less than 1 year would imply that some 

appliances fail or are replaced within their first year of use. A delay of more than 5 

years would imply that no appliances are replaced for some time after the end of the 

longest standard warranty. 

First we fit the full dataset (data in Table 17) using relative shipment data from NPD for 

2005-2011, and obtained a reasonably good fit to the cumulative age distribution, with an 

average lifetime of 4.0 years. See Figure 8.

30
Figure 8. Fit to full wine/beverage cooler age dataset, assuming NPD relative shipments from 2005-2011

However, although the NPD data showed that the shipments peaked in 2007, then 

decreased by nearly 50% in 2008, continuing to decrease in subsequent years, perhaps 

reflecting the economic downturn in 2008, other evidence indicates that NPD data may be 

capturing only a very small portion of actual wine/beverage cooler sales, and therefore 

may not be representative of overall trends. We therefore also investigated fitting using a 

flat shipments assumption. In fact, the results gave a better overall fit and we obtained a 

slightly longer average lifetime (4.3 years). See Figure 9.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 5 10 15

cumulative percentage in stock

Years

Survey

Weibull model

31
Figure 9. Fit to full wine/beverage cooler dataset, assuming flat shipments

Next, we fit data for non-first-time buyers only (data in Table 19), using both the NPD and 

flat shipment assumptions. Here the function fit the data decidedly somewhat worse, but 

this was partly due to the smaller number of samples involved. Optimal lifetimes were also 

somewhat longer (4.7 and 5.1 years, respectively). See Figure 10 and Figure 11.

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 5 10 15

cumulative percentage in stock

Years

Survey

Weibull model

32
Figure 10. Fit to non-first-time wine/beverage coolers buyers, assuming NPD relative shipments from 2005-2011

Figure 11. Fit to non-first-time wine/beverage coolers buyers, assuming flat shipments

A summary of fitting parameters is shown in Table 20. Given the range of lifetimes 

obtained via the different fitting approaches and our agnostic view as to which fit is most 

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 5 10 15

cumulative percentage in stock

Years

Survey

Weibull model

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 5 10 15

cumulative percentage in stock

Years

Survey

Weibull model

33
appropriate for wine/beverage coolers, we recommend using an average lifetime from 

these fits (4.5 years).

Table 20. Summary of fitting parameters for wine/beverage cooler lifetime estimation

Dataset Shipments Offset (years) Beta Alpha Lifetime (years)

All NPD 3.5 0.60 0.70 4.00

All flat 3.5 0.80 1.20 4.32

Non-1st time owners NPD 4.0 0.55 0.60 4.72

Non-1st time owners flat 4.5 0.65 0.85 5.11

Average 4.5

Table 21 shows the results of the lifetime equation for wine/beverage coolers, using all 

survey respondents, assuming both NPD sales and flat sales. There are three columns for 

each sales assumption. The first column shows the fraction of all products purchased in 

year 0, which are retired for the given number of years since purchase. The second column 

shows the fraction of total products that continue to be used or “survive.” The third column 

shows the fraction of the remaining stock that continues to be used. The results show that 

all products survive the first three years, in keeping with the calculated lifetime. For NPD 

sales data, the survival rate drops dramatically after this time to around 44%, and 

continues to drop steadily reaching less than 10% after 7 years, and less than 1% after 13 

years. For the flat sales assumption, the survival rate initially decreases less dramatically 

to 61% in the 4th year. However, after this it decreases more rapidly, also reaching less than 

10% after 7 years, and then reaching less than 1% after only 11 years. 

The fraction surviving to next year column indicates that the fraction of remaining stock 

that will continue to survive will increase over time, due to the beta value being less than 1. 

This is most likely due to variation in quality of available products. While many products 

have a relatively short lifetime of around 4 years, it appears there are some higher quality 

products available which have a much longer useful life. 

Table 21: Results of the lifetime data equation for wine/beverage coolers using all survey responses

NPD sales, all data Flat sales, all data

Years 

since 

purchase

Fraction

retiring

Fraction

surviving

Fraction

surviving to next 

year

Fraction

retiring

Fraction

surviving

Fraction

surviving to next 

year

1 0.00% 100.00% 100.00% 0.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2 0.00% 100.00% 100.0% 0.00% 100.00% 100.0%

3 0.00% 100.00% 100.0% 0.00% 100.00% 100.0%

4 55.83% 44.17% 44.2% 39.13% 60.87% 60.9%

5 23.56% 20.60% 46.6% 30.61% 30.26% 49.7%

6 8.91% 11.69% 56.7% 13.71% 16.55% 54.7%

7 4.46% 7.23% 61.9% 7.05% 9.49% 57.4%

8 2.52% 4.72% 65.2% 3.87% 5.62% 59.2%

34
9 1.53% 3.19% 67.7% 2.22% 3.40% 60.6%

10 0.97% 2.22% 69.5% 1.30% 2.10% 61.7%

11 0.64% 1.58% 71.1% 0.79% 1.31% 62.6%

12 0.44% 1.14% 72.4% 0.48% 0.83% 63.4%

13 0.30% 0.84% 73.4% 0.30% 0.53% 64.0%

14 0.21% 0.62% 74.4% 0.19% 0.34% 64.6%

15 0.15% 0.47% 75.2% 0.12% 0.22% 65.2%

16 0.11% 0.36% 75.9% 0.08% 0.15% 65.7%

17 0.08% 0.27% 76.6% 0.05% 0.10% 66.1%

18 0.06% 0.21% 77.2% 0.03% 0.06% 66.5%

19 0.05% 0.16% 77.8% 0.02% 0.04% 66.9%

20 0.04% 0.13% 78.3% 0.01% 0.03% 67.2%

Table 22 shows the results of the lifetime equation excluding first time buyers. As 

explained above the average lifetime is higher in this case, and this is shown in the fraction 

surviving being 100 for the first four years. After four years the drop in survival rate is 

higher than in Table 21, with NPD survival rate dropping to 27% and the flat sales survival 

rate dropping to just under 50%. Both survival rates continue to decrease rapidly with NPD 

reaching less than 10% after 7 years and flat sales after 8 years. Both survival rates drop 

below 1% after 14 years.

Similar to the results in Table 21, the fraction surviving to next year increases over time. 

Table 22: Results of the lifetime data equation for wine coolers excluding first time buyers

NPD sales, excluding first time buyers Flat sales, excluding first time buyers

Years 

since 

purchas

e

Fraction

retiring

Fraction

surviving

Fraction

surviving to next 

year

Fraction

retiring

Fraction

surviving

Fraction

surviving to next 

year

1 0.00% 100.00% 100.00% 0.00% 100.00% 100.00%

2 0.00% 100.00% 100.0% 0.00% 100.00% 100.0%

3 0.00% 100.00% 100.0% 0.00% 100.00% 100.0%

4 0.00% 100.00% 100.0% 0.00% 100.00% 100.0%

5 73.40% 26.60% 26.6% 50.75% 49.25% 49.2%

6 12.21% 14.38% 54.1% 25.71% 23.54% 47.8%

7 5.52% 8.86% 61.6% 10.22% 13.32% 56.6%

8 3.01% 5.85% 66.0% 5.18% 8.13% 61.1%

9 1.81% 4.04% 69.0% 2.92% 5.21% 64.1%

10 1.16% 2.88% 71.3% 1.76% 3.45% 66.3%

11 0.78% 2.10% 73.1% 1.11% 2.35% 68.0%

12 0.54% 1.57% 74.5% 0.72% 1.63% 69.4%

13 0.38% 1.19% 75.7% 0.48% 1.15% 70.5%

35
14 0.28% 0.91% 76.8% 0.33% 0.82% 71.5%

15 0.20% 0.71% 77.7% 0.23% 0.59% 72.4%

16 0.15% 0.55% 78.4% 0.16% 0.44% 73.2%

17 0.12% 0.44% 79.2% 0.11% 0.32% 73.9%

18 0.09% 0.35% 79.8% 0.08% 0.24% 74.5%

19 0.07% 0.28% 80.4% 0.06% 0.18% 75.1%

20 0.05% 0.23% 80.9% 0.04% 0.14% 75.6%

Although the results with first time buyers excluded provide an interesting comparison to 

the full data set, it is recommended that the full data set be used in favor of this due to the 

smaller sample size. Of the two different sales assumptions, the flat assumption is 

recommended in favor of the NPD sales due to the better fit with the survey data and lack 

of confidence that the NPD data reflects a more realistic overall trend than a flat sales 

assumption.

3.1.6 Purchase price and installation cost

The distribution of purchase prices of wine/beverage coolers is shown in Table 23. The 

prices varied over a wide range, with a median price of approximately $200, and 91% 

under $800. The price distributions are further disaggregated by capacity and compared to 

NPD price data in the Discussion (Section 4.3).

Table 23. Distribution of purchase prices of wine/beverage coolers, not including rebates (Question 14, WC1 

survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Up to $25 3 12.63 0.93% 0.99% 0.86%

Between $26 and $50 19 20.32 1.50% 1.59% 1.08%

Between $51 and $75 57 51.02 3.77% 4.00% 1.69%

Between $76 and $100 105 119.92 8.85% 9.40% 2.52%

Between $101 and $125 151 138.36 10.21% 10.84% 2.69%

Between $126 and $150 121 127.41 9.40% 9.98% 2.59%

Between $151 and $200 161 142.74 10.53% 11.18% 2.73%

Between $201 and $250 126 140.35 10.36% 11.00% 2.71%

Between $251 and $300 102 110.13 8.13% 8.63% 2.43%

Between $301 and $350 87 103.60 7.65% 8.12% 2.36%

Between $351 and $400 41 46.59 3.44% 3.65% 1.62%

Between $401 and $500 50 49.93 3.68% 3.91% 1.68%

Between $501 and $600 33 38.43 2.84% 3.01% 1.48%

Between $601 and $700 28 31.54 2.33% 2.47% 1.34%

Between $701 and $800 16 24.57 1.81% 1.92% 1.19%

Between $801 and 26 36.25 2.68% 2.84% 1.44%

36
$1,000

Between $1,001 and 

$1,200 21 36.84 2.72% 2.89% 1.45%

Between $1,201 and 

$1,400 9 5.19 0.38% 0.41% 0.55%

Between $1,601 and 

$1,800 12 9.63 0.71% 0.75% 0.75%

Between $1,801 and 

$2,000 4 5.21 0.38% 0.41% 0.55%

Between $2,001 and 

$2,500 12 14.32 1.06% 1.12% 0.91%

Between $2,501 and 

$3,000 4 2.23 0.16% 0.17% 0.36%

Between $3,001 and 

$3,500 3 3.43 0.25% 0.27% 0.45%

Between $3,501 and 

$4,000 2 0.37 0.03% 0.03% 0.15%

$4001 or more 5 5.42 0.40% 0.42% 0.56%

Total of known responses 1198 1276.43 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 72 63.29 4.67% NA NA

Blank 11 15.22 1.12% NA NA

Total 1281 1354.94 100.00% NA NA

About 92% of respondents received no rebate on their wine/beverage cooler, with the 

median rebate on the remainder of between $41 and $50. See Table 24.

Table 24. Rebates received on new wine/beverage cooler purchases (Question 15, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

No rebate 1105 1166.23 86.07% 91.95% 2.27%

Up to $10 12 14.49 1.07% 1.14% 0.89%

Between $11 and $20 14 10.41 0.77% 0.82% 0.75%

Between $21 and $30 11 8.26 0.61% 0.65% 0.67%

Between $31 and $40 6 3.59 0.27% 0.28% 0.44%

Between $41 and $50 20 33.60 2.48% 2.65% 1.34%

Between $51 and $60 6 4.27 0.32% 0.34% 0.48%

Between $61 and $80 3 2.25 0.17% 0.18% 0.35%

Between $81 and $100 5 7.52 0.55% 0.59% 0.64%

Between $101 and 

$125 7 4.85 0.36% 0.38% 0.52%

Between $126 and 1 5.73 0.42% 0.45% 0.56%

37
$150

Between $151 and 

$200 1 0.54 0.04% 0.04% 0.17%

Between $201 and 

$250 4 6.11 0.45% 0.48% 0.58%

Between $251 and 

$300 1 0.30 0.02% 0.02% 0.13%

Between $301 and 

$400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and 

$500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 1 0.14 0.01% 0.01% 0.09%

Total of known 

responses 1197 1268.29 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 67 68.77 5.08% NA NA

Blank 17 17.88 1.32% NA NA

Total 1281 1354.94 100.00% NA NA

Likewise, most respondents (91%) reported that they did not pay anything to install their 

wine/beverage cooler, but the remaining 9% reported a range of installation cost, with a 

median value of about $100. See Table 25.

Table 25. Installation cost of wine/beverage coolers (Question 22, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; I installed it myself or 

someone installed it for free 1774 1808.12 84.14% 90.83% 1.92%

Up to $10 8 6.74 0.31% 0.34% 0.39%

Between $11 and $20 11 20.07 0.93% 1.01% 0.67%

Between $21 and $30 8 4.39 0.20% 0.22% 0.31%

Between $31 and $40 11 4.86 0.23% 0.24% 0.33%

Between $41 and $50 13 5.71 0.27% 0.29% 0.36%

Between $51 and $60 9 15.68 0.73% 0.79% 0.59%

Between $61 and $80 7 3.48 0.16% 0.18% 0.28%

Between $81 and $100 30 33.26 1.55% 1.67% 0.85%

Between $101 and $125 23 24.19 1.13% 1.22% 0.73%

Between $126 and $150 11 7.00 0.33% 0.35% 0.39%

Between $151 and $200 10 9.60 0.45% 0.48% 0.46%

Between $201 and $250 15 22.92 1.07% 1.15% 0.71%

Between $251 and $300 8 5.91 0.28% 0.30% 0.36%

Between $301 and $400 5 6.76 0.31% 0.34% 0.39%

38
Between $401 and $500 3 4.30 0.20% 0.22% 0.31%

$501 or more 8 7.61 0.35% 0.38% 0.41%

Total of known responses 1954 1990.60 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 187 154.09 7.17% NA NA

Blank 8 4.31 0.20% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

3.1.7 Repairs

The WC1 survey asked respondents about repairs to their wine/beverage coolers. The first 

question asked was whether the unit had ever been repaired; only 1.4% reported that it 

had. See Table 26.

Table 26. Repair incidence of wine/beverage coolers (Question 23, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 36 28.35 1.32% 1.38% 0.58%

No 2002 2026.55 94.30% 98.62% 0.58%

Total of known 

responses 2038 2054.90 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 102 76.46 3.56% NA NA

Blank 9 17.64 0.82% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Although the number of respondents who reported repairing their wine/beverage cooler 

was small (36), we felt this number was still large enough to provide some statistical 

information on the nature of the repairs, so we examined the responses to three other 

questions: how much the repair cost, how long ago it occurred, and which component(s)

were repaired.

We found that about one-third of repairs were done for free (presumably under warranty), 

and the remaining two-thirds had a median cost of approximately $85. As for age of repair, 

77% of respondents indicated the repair was made when the unit was less than two years 

old. Finally, we found that the most frequently repaired components were electronics and 

lighting (21% and 28%, respectively), followed closely by compressor and door gasket 

(19% each), with smaller proportions assigned to other components. See Table 27 through 

Table 29.

Table 27. Repair cost of wine/beverage coolers (Question 24, WC1 survey)

Response Total responses Known responses

39
Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; repaired for free or 

under warranty 13 9.27 32.69% 33.76% 26.85%

Up to $10 3 4.45 15.70% 16.22% 20.93%

Between $11 and $20 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $21 and $30 4 5.97 21.05% 21.74% 23.41%

Between $31 and $40 3 0.71 2.51% 2.60% 9.03%

Between $41 and $50 1 1.51 5.34% 5.52% 12.96%

Between $51 and $60 2 0.81 2.84% 2.93% 9.58%

Between $61 and $80 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $81 and $100 1 0.38 1.34% 1.39% 6.64%

Between $101 and $125 3 1.25 4.42% 4.57% 11.85%

Between $126 and $150 1 2.56 9.05% 9.35% 16.52%

Between $151 and $200 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $201 and $250 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $251 and $300 1 0.30 1.07% 1.10% 5.93%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 1 0.23 0.80% 0.83% 5.15%

Total of known responses 33 27.44 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 0.59 2.07% NA NA

Blank 1 0.32 1.11% NA NA

Total 36 28.35 100.00% NA NA

Table 28. Age of wine/beverage cooler when repaired (Question 25, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 1 year 12 14.16 49.96% 51.23% 26.69%

At least 1 but less than 2 

years 8 7.16 25.26% 25.91% 23.39%

At least 2 but less than 3 

years 4 1.07 3.78% 3.88% 10.31%

At least 3 but less than 4 

years 4 3.21 11.33% 11.62% 17.11%

At least 4 but less than 5 

years 3 0.97 3.41% 3.50% 9.81%

At least 5 but less than 6 

years 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 6 but less than 8 

years 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

40
At least 8 but less than 10 

years 1 0.37 1.31% 1.34% 6.14%

At least 10 but less than 15 

years 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 15 years or more 1 0.70 2.47% 2.53% 8.39%

Total of known responses 33 27.64 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 0.39 1.36% NA NA

Blank 1 0.32 1.11% NA NA

Total 36 28.35 100.00% NA NA

Table 29. Wine/beverage cooler components repaired (Question 26, WC1 survey)

Response

Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion*

Confidence 

interval

Compressor 4 6.87 19.09% 14.70%

Evaporator 6 3.12 8.68% 17.44%

Condenser 3 2.30 6.40% 12.93%

Evaporator or condenser fan 4 2.74 7.62% 14.70%

Door gasket 8 6.92 19.22% 19.45%

Other door component 2 1.21 3.36% 10.72%

Insulation 4 3.96 11.00% 14.70%

Electronics 7 7.77 21.58% 18.52%

Lighting 9 10.01 27.81% 20.26%

Something else 3 0.53 1.46% 12.93%

* Sum may be >100% since more than one response was permitted for this question.

3.1.8 Maintenance

The WC1 survey asked respondents whether they perform routine maintenance on their 

wine/beverage coolers; about 13% of respondents indicated that they did. As for cost, 57%

of those who perform routine maintenance pay nothing for it, with the remainder spending 

a median value of close to $30 per year. See Table 30 and Table 31.

Table 30. Incidence of routine maintenance of wine/beverage coolers (Question 27, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 251 263.85 12.28% 12.56% 1.62%

No 1838 1837.02 85.48% 87.44% 1.62%

Total of known 

responses 2089 2100.87 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 38 26.43 1.23% NA NA

41
Blank 22 21.70 1.01% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Table 31. Cost of routine maintenance of wine/beverage coolers (Question 28, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; I perform the 

maintenance myself or 

someone does it for free. 149 150.46 57.03% 57.27% 8.57%

Up to $10 per year 19 9.96 3.78% 3.79% 3.31%

Between $11 and $20 per year 27 31.67 12.00% 12.05% 5.64%

Between $21 and $30 per year 21 21.78 8.26% 8.29% 4.78%

Between $31 and $40 per year 3 20.17 7.64% 7.68% 4.61%

Between $41 and $50 per year 11 11.36 4.31% 4.32% 3.52%

Between $51 and $60 per year 7 10.11 3.83% 3.85% 3.33%

Between $61 and $80 per year 6 3.78 1.43% 1.44% 2.06%

Between $81 and $100 per year 2 2.66 1.01% 1.01% 1.73%

$101 or more per year 2 0.75 0.28% 0.28% 0.92%

Total of known responses 247 262.71 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 4 1.14 0.43% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 251 263.85 100.00% NA NA

3.1.9 Door opening frequency

The WC1 survey asked how frequently users opened the doors to add or remove bottles. 

The results indicate a wide range of responses, from 10 or more times per day, to once per 

month or less. The median response was slightly less than once per day, with more than 

90% accessing their wine/beverage coolers at least once per week. See Table 32.

Table 32. Frequency of door openings of wine/beverage coolers (Question 5, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

10 or more times per 

day 56 43.23 2.01% 2.05% 0.87%

5-9 times per day 147 142.76 6.64% 6.77% 1.54%

3-4 times per day 357 336.66 15.67% 15.96% 2.24%

Twice per day 296 269.18 12.53% 12.76% 2.04%

Once per day 202 257.01 11.96% 12.19% 2.00%

42
4-6 times per week 293 278.42 12.96% 13.20% 2.07%

2-3 times per week 397 402.75 18.74% 19.10% 2.40%

Once per week 180 177.75 8.27% 8.43% 1.70%

2-3 times per month 127 121.37 5.65% 5.76% 1.42%

Once per month or less 60 79.70 3.71% 3.78% 1.17%

Total of known 

responses 2115 2108.84 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 8 4.89 0.23% NA NA

Blank 26 35.27 1.64% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

3.1.10 Use of internal lights

The WC1 survey asked about the presence and use of internal lights. We found that 62% 

had internal lights, and of those, 90% were turned off when the door was closed. Also, 80% 

of units with internal lights operated automatically. See Table 33 through Table 35.

Table 33. Does your wine/beverage cooler have internal lights? (Question 19, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 1311 1322.09 61.52% 62.75% 2.36%

No 806 784.97 36.53% 37.25% 2.36%

Total of known 

responses 2117 2107.06 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 29 35.61 1.66% NA NA

Blank 3 6.33 0.29% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Table 34. Among units with internal lights, what is their state when the door is closed? (Question 21, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Off 1170 1168.46 88.38% 89.88% 1.87%

On 114 131.55 9.95% 10.12% 1.87%

Total of known 

responses 1284 1300.01 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 18 17.33 1.31% NA NA

Blank 9 4.75 0.36% NA NA

Total 1311 1322.09 100.00% NA NA

43
Table 35. Among units with internal lights, are they operated automatically, or by a manual switch? (Question 20, 

WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Automatic 1082 1016.27 76.87% 78.17% 2.57%

Manual switch 202 283.82 21.47% 21.83% 2.57%

Total of known 

responses 1284 1300.08 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 15 12.68 0.96% NA NA

Blank 12 9.32 0.71% NA NA

Total 1311 1322.09 100.00% NA NA

3.1.11 Built-in units

The WC1 survey reported that about 15% of wine/beverage coolers were built-in, and 85% 

were freestanding. These proportions did not vary much with capacity. See Table 36 for 

more information.

Table 36. Built-in versus freestanding wine/beverage coolers (Question 9, WC1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Built-in 302 327.29 15.23% 15.41% 1.76%

Freestanding 1828 1796.93 83.62% 84.59% 1.76%

Total of known 

responses 2130 2124.23 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 7 3.73 0.17% NA NA

Blank 12 21.04 0.98% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

3.1.12 AC/DC operation

The RP2 survey asked respondents if their wine/beverage cooler could operate on DC as 

well as AC power. About 21% reported “Yes,” though another 21% reported “Don’t know.”

Subsequent investigation of the roughly 20% of wine/beverage cooler model numbers 

reported in the WC1 survey (418 units) found no evidence that any model had the capacity 

to run on DC power, so we considered the responses to this survey question unreliable. See

Table 37 for more information.

Table 37. Wine/beverage cooler operate on AC/DC power (Question 32, WC1 survey)

Response Total responses Known responses

44
Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 99 70.25 20.87% 26.70%* 6.11%

No 192 192.89 57.30% 73.30% 6.11%

Total of known 

responses 291 263.13 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 91 70.74 21.01% NA NA

Blank 4 2.74 0.81% NA NA

Total 386 336.61 100.00% NA NA

* The “Yes” responses were considered unreliable, as subsequent investigation revealed no 

models with the capacity to run on DC power.

3.1.13 Ownership demographics

The demographics of wine/beverage cooler owners differed from those of the general 

population. Wine/beverage cooler owners tended to be more male, more black/African 

American, higher annual household income (≥$40,000), higher education level (bachelor’s 

degree or higher), less 30-59 year old occupants, larger household size (≥3 occupants), and 

less West Central and Pacific than the general population. See Figure 12 through Figure 19

for more information.

Figure 12. Gender of wine/beverage cooler owners versus general population

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

Female Male

RP2+RP3

WC owners

45
Figure 13. Race of wine/beverage cooler owners versus general population

Figure 14. Hispanic origin of wine/beverage cooler owners versus general population

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

White Black Asian Other

RP2+RP3

WC owners

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

90.00%

100.00%

Yes No

RP2+RP3

WC owners

46
Figure 15. Annual household income of wine/beverage cooler owners versus general population

Figure 16. Education level of wine/beverage cooler owners versus general population

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

0 to

19000

20000 to

39000

 40000 to

59000

60000 to

79000

80000 to

99000

100000

more

RP2+RP3

WC owners

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

RP2+RP3

WC owners

47
Figure 17. Occupant ages of wine/beverage cooler owners versus general population

Figure 18. Household size of wine/beverage cooler owners versus general population

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

45.00%

50.00%

20 less 20 to 29 30 to 59 60 more

RP2+RP3

WC owners

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

Number

of pp_1

Number

of pp_2

Number

of pp_3

Number

of pp_4

Number

of pp_5

Number

of pp_6+

RP2+RP3

WC owners

48
Figure 19. Geographic region of wine/beverage cooler owners versus general population

3.2 Residential icemakers

3.2.1 Number in U.S. households

Both the RP2 and RP3 surveys asked about the presence of residential icemakers. However, 

the proportions of households with these devices differed by a factor of approximately 

three between the two surveys, the difference for which fell outside their calculated 

confidence intervals. As a result, our combined estimate of the proportion of residential 

icemakers has a much larger confidence interval than normally expected for the size of the 

survey: 5.4(–3.4,+3.1)%. See Table 38. 

Table 38. Proportion of residential icemakers in households

Survey

Code

Total weighted 

responses 

Proportion with residential 

icemakers

Confidence 

interval

RP2 3002.2 2.47% 0.56%

RP3 3831.0 7.63% 0.84%

Total 6833.2 5.4% –3.4%, +3.1%

We then applied our assessment of the actual number of households with residential 

icemakers from the brand/model number verification in Section 3.2.2, which was 

85.7±2.2%. The revised estimate of the proportion of households with residential 

icemakers was 4.6(–2.9,+2.7)%. Using the number of U.S. households in 2012 (116.1 

million), we estimate the number of households with residential icemakers at 5.3(–

3.4,+3.1) million.

The average numbers of residential icemakers in homes with the devices were much more 

consistent between surveys, with the overwhelming majority of households (>97%) having 

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

RP2+RP3

WC owners

49
only one residential icemaker. A total of three surveys (RP2, RP3 and RI1) were compiled 

to obtain this information, resulting in a combined average number of 1.032±0.023 devices 

per household and a total of 5.5(–3.5,+3.2) million devices in U.S. households. See Table 37.

Table 39. Number of residential icemakers in households

Survey 

Code

Total 

weighted 

responses

Number of residential icemakers Average 

number 

per 

household

Confidence 

1 2 3 4 5+ interval

RP2 74.30 98.52% 0.94% 0.40% 0.00% 0.13% 1.023 0.079

RP3 292.20 97.23% 2.02% 0.48% 0.17% 0.10% 1.039 0.052

RI1 811.00 97.76% 1.70% 0.22% 0.31% 0.00% 1.031 0.027

Total 1,177.50 97.68% 1.73% 0.30% 0.26% 0.03% 1.032 0.023

3.2.2 Brand/model number verification

The RI1 survey asked for brand and model numbers of residential icemakers. A total of 

1,018 responses (about 95%) provided this information, and of these, 93% were 

identifiable through manufacturer websites. Results indicated that 85.7±2.2% of 

unweighted identified responses were confirmed to be residential icemakers. See Table 40

below, and for a more detailed classification breakdown, Table 41.

Table 40. Proportion of RI1 responses with confirmed residential icemakers

Classification

Total 

(unweighted) 

responses

Proportion 

of total 

responses

Proportion 

of known 

responses

Confidence 

interval

Residential icemaker 811 76.1% 85.7% 2.2%

Not residential icemaker 135 12.7% 14.3% 2.2%

Subtotal 946 88.7% 100.0%

Unknown 120 11.3%

Total 1066 100.0%

Table 41. Classification breakdown of RI1 survey

Classification Total 

unweighted 

responses

Unweighted 

proportion 

of total

Unweighted 

proportion 

of knowns

Icemakers

Built-in Ice Maker 110 10.3% 11.6%

Outdoor Ice Maker 5 0.5% 0.5%

Portable Ice Maker 563 52.8% 59.5%

Stand-alone Ice Maker 59 5.5% 6.2%

50
Undercounter Ice Maker 74 6.9% 7.8%

Residential refrigeration products

Refrigerator 41 3.8% 4.3%

Freezer 4 0.4% 0.4%

Wine/beverage cooler 1 0.1% 0.1%

Ice Cream Maker 6 0.6% 0.6%

Ice Maker Kit 43 4.0% 4.5%

Ice Shaver 1 0.1% 0.1%

Liquor Chiller 1 0.1% 0.1%

Other products

Commercial icemaker 32 3.0% 3.4%

Other commercial product 2 0.2% 0.2%

RV Ice Maker 1 0.1% 0.1%

Not refrigeration product 3 0.3% 0.3%

Subtotal 946 88.7% 100.0%

Not identified 72 6.8%

Blank 48 4.5%

Total 1066 100.0%

3.2.3 Distribution of capacities

The reported distribution of residential icemaker capacities possessed was bimodal; the 

two most prevalent categories were “less than 5 pounds per day” (25%) and “between 20 

and 29 pounds per day” (33%), with the latter also being the median response value. 

Nearly 92% of responses indicated a capacity of less than 50 pounds per day. See Table 42.

Table 42. Residential icemaker capacity (Question 5, RI1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 5 pounds per day 173 195.01 24.05% 24.93% 4.23%

Between 5 and 9 pounds per day 42 50.24 6.19% 6.42% 2.40%

Between 10 and 14 pounds per 

day 66 75.53 9.31% 9.66% 2.89%

Between 15 and 19 pounds per 

day 20 13.29 1.64% 1.70% 1.26%

Between 20 and 29 pounds per 

day 266 260.21 32.08% 33.27% 4.61%

Between 30 and 49 pounds per 

day 132 121.96 15.04% 15.59% 3.55%

Between 50 and 79 pounds per 68 65.27 8.05% 8.35% 2.70%

51
day

At least 80 pounds per day 1 0.59 0.07% 0.08% 0.27%

Total of known responses 768 782.10 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 43 28.90 3.56% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

3.2.4 Product lifetime

As with wine/beverage coolers, approximately 60% of respondents indicated they bought 

their residential icemakers new; see Table 43.

Table 43. Residential icemakers purchased new (Question 6, RI1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 445 452.67 55.82% 57.59% 3.95%

No 334 333.36 41.10% 42.41% 3.95%

Total of known responses 779 786.03 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 31 23.73 2.93% NA NA

Blank 1 1.23 0.15% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

The age distribution of residential icemakers purchased new was quite young, with a

median age of less than 12 months, and an average age of less than 2 years. See Table 44.

Table 44. Age of residential icemakers (Question 9, RI1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 12 months ago 273 256.71 56.71% 57.46% 6.64%

At least 1 year but less than 2 

years ago 116 138.94 30.69% 31.10% 6.21%

At least 2 year but less than 3 

years ago 32 37.93 8.38% 8.49% 3.74%

At least 3 year but less than 4 

years ago 12 8.95 1.98% 2.00% 1.88%

At least 4 year but less than 5 

years ago 2 1.84 0.41% 0.41% 0.86%

At least 5 year but less than 6 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 6 year but less than 8 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

52
years ago

At least 8 year but less than 

10 years ago 2 1.79 0.40% 0.40% 0.85%

At least 10 year but less than 

12 years ago 1 0.65 0.14% 0.14% 0.51%

At least 12 year but less than 

15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 438 446.80 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 6 5.30 1.17% NA NA

Blank 1 0.57 0.13% NA NA

Total 445 452.67 100.00% NA NA

The lifetime of residential icemakers was estimated using the same approach as that used 

for wine/beverage coolers. Because we were not able to filter on the subset of owners who 

had previously purchased a residential icemaker, we only attempted to fit the entire 

dataset. Also, because no independent shipments data were available as they were for 

wine/beverage coolers (e.g., NPD), we assumed flat shipments. The resulting fit to the data 

was excellent, with an average lifetime of 1.7 years. See Figure 20 and Table 45.

Figure 20. Lifetime function fit for residential icemakers

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 2 4 6 8 10

cumulative percentage in stock

Years

Survey

Weibull model

53
Table 45. Lifetime fitting parameters for residential icemakers

Data used Shipments Offset (years) Beta Alpha Lifetime (years)

All flat 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.71

Table 46 shows the results of the lifetime formula for residential icemakers, for 20 years 

from the year of purchase. The second column shows the percentage of products sold in 

year 0 that will survive to the year given in the first column. The third column shows the 

percentage of products that will be retired after the given number of years. The final 

column shows the percentage of the remaining stock that will survive to the next year. As 

explained above it was assumed that all products would survive the first year, therefore the 

first point is 100%. Approximately half of the products do not survive to the second year, as 

reflected in the mean lifetime of 1.7 years in Table 45. After 7 years the percentage 

surviving becomes very small. Unlike wine/beverage coolers, the percentage surviving to 

next year decreases with time, due to the beta value being larger than 1. 

Table 46: Results of the survival function for residential icemakers

Years since 

purchase

Percentage 

surviving Percentage retiring

Percentage 

surviving to next 

year

1 100.00% 0.00% 100.00%

2 51.63% 48.37% 51.6%

3 15.00% 36.63% 29.1%

4 3.44% 11.56% 22.9%

5 0.67% 2.78% 19.4%

6 0.11% 0.55% 16.9%

7 0.02% 0.10% 15.1%

8 0.00% 0.01% 13.6%

9 0.00% 0.00% 12.4%

10 0.00% 0.00% 11.5%

11 0.00% 0.00% 10.6%

12 0.00% 0.00% 9.9%

13 0.00% 0.00% 9.3%

14 0.00% 0.00% 8.7%

15 0.00% 0.00% 8.2%

16 0.00% 0.00% 7.8%

17 0.00% 0.00% 7.4%

18 0.00% 0.00% 6.7%

19 0.00% 0.00% 0.0%

20 0.00% 0.00% 0.0%

3.2.5 Purchase price and installation cost

54
The median purchase price of residential icemakers (not including taxes or rebates) was 

just over $200, with the highest price paid reported between $2,501 and $3000. See Table 

47.

Table 47. Purchase price of residential icemaker (Question 7, RI1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Up to $25 1 0.39 0.09% 0.09% 0.43%

Between $26 and $50 3 5.62 1.24% 1.26% 1.64%

Between $51 and $75 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $76 and $100 21 16.82 3.71% 3.76% 2.79%

Between $101 and $125 44 42.54 9.40% 9.52% 4.31%

Between $126 and $150 54 52.96 11.70% 11.85% 4.74%

Between $151 and $200 95 94.44 20.86% 21.13% 5.99%

Between $201 and $250 36 46.38 10.25% 10.38% 4.48%

Between $251 and $300 27 25.71 5.68% 5.75% 3.42%

Between $301 and $350 24 23.94 5.29% 5.36% 3.30%

Between $351 and $400 26 31.31 6.92% 7.01% 3.75%

Between $401 and $500 8 7.77 1.72% 1.74% 1.92%

Between $501 and $600 2 2.50 0.55% 0.56% 1.09%

Between $601 and $700 6 4.00 0.88% 0.89% 1.38%

Between $701 and $800 12 8.57 1.89% 1.92% 2.01%

Between $801 and $1,000 14 15.58 3.44% 3.49% 2.69%

Between $1,001 and $1,200 15 18.40 4.06% 4.12% 2.92%

Between $1,201 and $1,400 7 3.18 0.70% 0.71% 1.23%

Between $1,401 and $1,600 14 8.23 1.82% 1.84% 1.97%

Between $1,601 and $1,800 10 7.03 1.55% 1.57% 1.83%

Between $1,801 and $2,000 5 21.72 4.80% 4.86% 3.16%

Between $2,001 and $2,500 8 6.26 1.38% 1.40% 1.73%

Between $2,501 and $3,000 5 3.47 0.77% 0.78% 1.29%

Between $3,001 and $3,500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $3,501 and $4,000 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$4001 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 437 446.83 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 8 5.85 1.29% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 445 452.67 100.00% NA NA

Most icemaker owners (83%) did not receive a rebate on their purchase, but the remainder 

received a median rebate of just over $80; see Table 48.

55
Table 48. Rebate of residential icemaker (Question 8, RI1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

No rebate 372 364.31 80.48% 83.28% 5.31%

Up to $10 8 8.66 1.91% 1.98% 1.98%

Between $11 and $20 6 13.54 2.99% 3.09% 2.46%

Between $21 and $30 4 1.67 0.37% 0.38% 0.88%

Between $31 and $40 2 0.81 0.18% 0.18% 0.61%

Between $41 and $50 6 8.62 1.90% 1.97% 1.98%

Between $51 and $60 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $61 and $80 3 1.33 0.29% 0.30% 0.78%

Between $81 and $100 11 24.29 5.37% 5.55% 3.26%

Between $101 and $125 2 0.68 0.15% 0.16% 0.56%

Between $126 and $150 2 0.78 0.17% 0.18% 0.60%

Between $151 and $200 3 10.07 2.22% 2.30% 2.13%

Between $201 and $250 2 1.11 0.24% 0.25% 0.71%

Between $251 and $300 1 0.18 0.04% 0.04% 0.29%

Between $301 and $400 1 0.67 0.15% 0.15% 0.56%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 2 0.75 0.17% 0.17% 0.59%

Total of known responses 425 437.46 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 18 13.85 3.06% NA NA

Blank 2 1.36 0.30% NA NA

Total 445 452.67 100.00% NA NA

Installation costs were fairly low; about 90% of respondents reported paying nothing for 

installation, with the remainder paying a median of between $41 and $50. See Table 49.

Table 49. Installation cost of residential icemakers (Question 11, RI1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; I installed it myself or 

someone installed it for free 667 682.33 84.13% 89.81% 3.26%

Up to $10 7 8.28 1.02% 1.09% 1.12%

Between $11 and $20 7 5.41 0.67% 0.71% 0.91%

Between $21 and $30 6 12.02 1.48% 1.58% 1.35%

Between $31 and $40 6 4.78 0.59% 0.63% 0.85%

Between $41 and $50 15 15.39 1.90% 2.03% 1.52%

Between $51 and $60 9 7.83 0.97% 1.03% 1.09%

56
Between $61 and $80 7 4.04 0.50% 0.53% 0.78%

Between $81 and $100 10 6.47 0.80% 0.85% 0.99%

Between $101 and $125 3 0.97 0.12% 0.13% 0.38%

Between $126 and $150 6 3.04 0.37% 0.40% 0.68%

Between $151 and $200 4 7.52 0.93% 0.99% 1.07%

Between $201 and $250 1 0.48 0.06% 0.06% 0.27%

Between $251 and $300 1 1.21 0.15% 0.16% 0.43%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 749 759.78 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 59 49.36 6.09% NA NA

Blank 3 1.86 0.23% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

3.2.6 Repairs

The RI1 survey asked respondents about repairs to their residential icemakers. The first 

question asked was whether the unit had ever been repaired; 3.4% reported that it had. 

See Table 50. 

Table 50. Incidence of repair (Question 12, RI1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 27 26.09 3.22% 3.38% 1.46%

No 745 746.11 92.00% 96.62% 1.46%

Total of known responses 772 772.20 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 39 38.80 4.78% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

As with wine/beverage coolers, although the number of respondents who did report 

repairing their residential icemakers was small (27), we felt this number was still large 

enough to provide some statistical information on the nature of the repairs, so we 

examined the responses to three other questions: how much the repair cost, how long ago 

it occurred, and which component(s) were repaired.

We found that 15% of repairs were done for free (presumably under warranty), and the 

remaining portion had a median cost of between $41 and $50. See Table 51.

57
Table 51. Cost of repair (Question 13, RI1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; repaired for free or 

under warranty 6 3.89 14.89% 15.12% 21.02%

Up to $10 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $11 and $20 1 0.37 1.43% 1.45% 7.01%

Between $21 and $30 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $31 and $40 1 8.92 34.19% 34.72% 27.93%

Between $41 and $50 7 4.19 16.07% 16.31% 21.68%

Between $51 and $60 3 1.93 7.40% 7.51% 15.47%

Between $61 and $80 1 3.19 12.22% 12.41% 19.34%

Between $81 and $100 4 1.69 6.47% 6.57% 14.53%

Between $101 and $125 1 0.63 2.42% 2.45% 9.08%

Between $126 and $150 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $151 and $200 1 0.48 1.84% 1.87% 7.95%

Between $201 and $250 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $251 and $300 1 0.41 1.56% 1.58% 7.32%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 26 25.70 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 0.40 1.52% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 27 26.09 100.00% NA NA

The RI1 survey asked what the age of the icemaker was when it was repaired (“How long 

after you (or the homeowner) purchased it was it repaired?”); see Table 52. However, there 

was a potential ambiguity in how people answered the question, because the set of 

responses mistakenly contained the word “ago” in it, suggesting the question was instead 

asking how long before the present the repair was made. As a result, we also examined the 

difference in number of years between this question and Question 9 (“How long ago did 

you (or the homeowner) purchase this new icemaker?”). Fewer responses were available; 

thus results are shown unweighted in Table 53. Results of both analyses indicate that 

approximately 90% of respondents had their icemaker repaired within two years of 

purchase.

Table 52. Age of residential icemaker when repaired (Question 14, RI1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

58
Less than 12 months ago 11 13.40 51.37% 53.66% 28.31%

At least 1 year but less than 

2 years ago 10 9.77 37.45% 39.13% 27.71%

At least 2 year but less than 

3 years ago 1 0.46 1.75% 1.83% 7.61%

At least 3 year but less than 

4 years ago 1 0.86 3.31% 3.45% 10.37%

At least 4 year but less than 

5 years ago 1 0.48 1.84% 1.92% 7.80%

At least 5 year but less than 

6 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 6 year but less than 

8 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 8 year but less than 

10 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 10 year but less than 

12 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 12 year but less than 

15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 24 24.98 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 0.44 1.68% NA NA

Blank 1 0.68 2.60% NA NA

Total 27 26.09 100.00% NA NA

Table 53. Difference in age between purchase and repair of residential icemakers

Difference in age

Total responses

Unweighted 

counts

Unweighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

0 3 25.00% 31.22%

1 5 41.67% 35.55%

2 3 25.00% 31.22%

4.5 1 8.33% 19.93%

Total 12

We found that the highest proportions for repaired components were the compressor 

(45%) and fan (21%), with smaller proportions for other components; however, the small 

size of the data sample resulted in large confidence intervals on the proportions of all

components; see Table 54.

Table 54. Components of residential icemakers repaired (Question 15, RI1 survey)

Response Known responses

59
Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion*

Confidence 

interval

Compressor 7 12.10 44.82% 23.67%

Evaporator 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00%

Condenser 3 1.91 7.06% 16.98%

Fan 7 5.64 20.90% 23.67%

Door gasket 3 1.74 6.43% 16.98%

Other door component 2 1.23 4.55% 14.15%

Insulation 2 1.07 3.98% 14.15%

Electronics 2 1.65 6.12% 14.15%

Lighting 5 2.77 10.25% 20.98%

Something else 3 1.23 4.55% 16.98%

* Sum may be >100% since more than one response was permitted for this question.

3.2.7 Maintenance

The RI1 survey asked respondents whether they perform routine maintenance on their 

residential icemakers; about 34% of respondents indicated that they did. As for cost, 67% 

of those who perform routine maintenance pay nothing for it, with the remainder spending 

a median of between $21 and $30 per year. See Table 55 and Table 56.

Table 55. Incidence of routine maintenance (Question 16, RI1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 257 270.13 33.31% 34.33% 3.79%

No 528 516.68 63.71% 65.67% 3.79%

Total of known responses 785 786.81 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 24 22.89 2.82% NA NA

Blank 2 1.30 0.16% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Table 56. Cost of routine maintenance (Question 17, RI1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; I perform the 

maintenance myself or 

someone does it for free 160 178.88 66.22% 66.66% 8.56%

Up to $10 13 9.13 3.38% 3.40% 3.29%

Between $11 and $20 30 28.25 10.46% 10.53% 5.57%

Between $21 and $30 15 17.59 6.51% 6.56% 4.49%

60
Between $31 and $40 6 4.30 1.59% 1.60% 2.28%

Between $41 and $50 8 7.94 2.94% 2.96% 3.08%

Between $51 and $60 7 4.74 1.76% 1.77% 2.39%

Between $61 and $80 5 4.71 1.74% 1.75% 2.38%

Between $81 and $100 3 1.74 0.64% 0.65% 1.46%

Between $101 and $125 3 1.19 0.44% 0.44% 1.20%

Between $126 and $150 1 1.33 0.49% 0.49% 1.27%

Between $151 and $200 2 6.57 2.43% 2.45% 2.81%

Between $201 and $250 1 0.50 0.18% 0.18% 0.78%

Between $251 and $300 1 1.47 0.54% 0.55% 1.34%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 255 268.34 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 1.79 0.66% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 257 270.13 100.00% NA NA

3.2.8 Ownership demographics

The demographics of residential icemaker owners differed from those of the general 

population. Residential icemaker owners tended to be more male, less white, more 

Hispanic, higher annual household income (≥$40,000), lower education level (high 

school/GED or no schooling), less 30-59 year old occupants, larger household size (≥3 

occupants), and more East North Central, West South Central and Pacific than the general 

population. See Figure 21 through Figure 28 for more information.

Figure 21. Gender of residential icemaker owners versus general population

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

Female Male

RP2+RP3

RI owners

61
Figure 22. Race of residential icemaker owners versus general population

Figure 23. Hispanic origin of residential icemaker owners versus general population

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

White Black Asian Other

RP2+RP3

RI owners

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

90.00%

100.00%

Yes No

RP2+RP3

RI owners

62
Figure 24. Annual household income of residential icemaker owners versus general population

Figure 25. Education level of residential icemaker owners versus general population

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

0 to

19000

20000 to

39000

 40000 to

59000

60000 to

79000

80000 to

99000

100000

more

RP2+RP3

RI owners

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

RP2+RP3

RI owners

63
Figure 26. Occupant ages of residential icemaker owners versus general population

Figure 27. Household size of residential icemaker owners versus general population

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

45.00%

50.00%

20 less 20 to 29 30 to 59 60 more

RP2+RP3

RI owners

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

Number

of pp_1

Number

of pp_2

Number

of pp_3

Number

of pp_4

Number

of pp_5

Number

of pp_6+

RP2+RP3

RI owners

64
Figure 28. Geographic region of residential icemaker owners versus general population

3.3 Non-vapor compression refrigeration products

3.3.1 Number in U.S. households

Two surveys (RP2 and RP3) asked whether households contained non-vapor compression 

refrigerators or freezers. As we found for residential icemakers, the results of the two 

surveys for non-vapor compression refrigeration products were not very similar, so there 

is a large range in the combined estimate. See Table 57.

Table 57. Proportions of U.S. households with non-vapor compression refrigerators and freezers

Survey 

Code

Total 

weighted 

responses

Proportion 

with non-vapor 

compression 

refrigerators*

Confidence 

interval

Proportion 

with non-vapor 

compression 

freezers*

Confidence 

interval

RP2 3010.00 6.26% 0.87% 1.47% 0.77%

RP3 3850.00 18.07% 1.22% 8.77% 0.89%

Total 6860.00 12.9% –7.5%, 

+6.4% 5.6% –4.9%, +4.1%

* Responses of “Don’t know” or blank were considered to be “no.”

The RP3 and NV1 surveys also asked about the numbers of non-vapor compression 

refrigerators and freezers in homes. While the numbers of weighted responses in the RP3 

survey were higher for both refrigerators and freezers, we found from validating model 

numbers in the NV1 survey that only 29.4±4.7% of respondents who claimed to have a 

non-vapor compression refrigerator, and no respondent who claimed to have a non-vapor 

compression freezer, in fact had one (see Section 3.3.2). Therefore, we concluded that the 

numbers of non-vapor compression refrigeration products reported in the RP3 survey are

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

RP2+RP3

RI owners

65
not reliable, and recommend using the NV1 results only, where we were able to filter on 

only those responses where validated brand and model number information was available. 

See Table 58 and Table 59.

Table 58. Proportions of numbers of non-vapor compression refrigerators

Survey Code

Total 

weighted 

responses

Number of non-vapor compression 

refrigerators

Average 

number 

per 

household

Confidence 

1 2 3 4+ interval

RP3 (not 

recommended) 695.61 87.02% 10.81% 1.63% 0.54% 1.157 0.063

NV1

(recommended) 161.00 97.85% 2.15% 0.00% 0.00% 1.021 0.050

Table 59. Proportions of numbers of non-vapor compression freezers

Survey Code

Total 

weighted 

responses

Number of non-vapor 

compression freezers

Average 

number 

per 

household

Confidence 

1 2 3 4+ interval

RP3 (not 

recommended) 337.73 86.39% 12.32% 1.29% 0.00% 1.149 0.087

NV1 0.00 N/A N/A N/A N/A 0 N/A

In conclusion, the estimated proportion of households with non-vapor compression 

refrigerators was downscaled to 3.8(–2.3,+2.0)%. Together with the average of devices per 

household owning at least on non-vapor compression refrigeration product (1.021±0.050) 

and the number of U.S. households in 2012 (116.1 million), the estimated number of 

households with non-vapor compression refrigerators was 4.4(–2.7,+2.3) million, and the 

number of non-vapor compression refrigerators was 4.5(–2.7,+2.3) million.

3.3.2 Brand/model number verification

The RP2 and NV1 surveys asked for brand and model numbers, from which we were able 

to verify the technology for a portion of the responses. About 20% of unweighted 

responses in both surveys were confirmed to be non-vapor compression units. See Table 

60 below.

Table 60. Proportion of responses with confirmed non-vapor compression units

Survey

Code

Total 

(unweighted) 

responses 

providing model 

Proportion of

non-vapor 

compression units

Confidence 

interval

66
information

RP2 41 17.1% 11.5%

NV1 784 20.5% 2.8%

Total 825 20.4% 2.8%

We developed a more detailed analysis for the larger NV1 survey in Table 61. Here we only 

examined the subset of data for which positively-identified model numbers were available 

(681 total responses). Using unweighted data, we conclude that 23.6±4.4% of NV1 

responses were legitimate non-vapor compression refrigerators (absorption or 

thermoelectric refrigeration technology). Using weighted data, however, this proportion is 

somewhat higher: 29.4±4.7%. Because weighted data is more representative of the U.S. 

average, we adopted the weighted result in our subsequent analysis.

Table 61. Classification breakdown of NV1 survey

Unweighted counts Weighted counts

Classification

Total 

responses

Proportion 

of subtotal

Confidence 

interval

Total 

responses

Proportion 

of subtotal

Confidence 

interval

Absorption 9 1.32% 1.18% 6.37 1.05% 1.12%

Thermoelectric 152 22.32% 4.29% 170.92 28.33% 4.93%

Thermoelectric 

wine/beverage 

cooler

172 25.26% 4.48% 110.02 18.23% 4.23%

Vapor 

compression

329 48.31% 5.15% 294.95 48.88% 5.47%

DC only (not 

residential)

11 1.62% 1.30% 12.58 2.08% 1.56%

Gas absorption 6 0.88% 0.96% 7.11 1.18% 1.18%

Not refrigerator 2 0.29% 0.56% 1.42 0.24% 0.53%

Subtotal 681 100.00% 603.37 100.00%

Unknown 103 163.14

No brand/model 

information

70 87.49

Total 854 854.00

3.3.3 Distribution of capacities

The majority (86%) of non-vapor compression refrigerators were compact units of less 

than 7.75 cubic feet capacity. A small portion was reported to be larger units (up to 20 cu. 

ft. capacity) but we were unable to verify this information. See Table 62.

67
Table 62. Capacity of non-vapor compression refrigerators (Question 5, NV1 survey)

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Small compact = less than 4 

cubic feet (113 liters) 131 116.76 72.52% 77.72% 9.13%

Large compact = at least 4 

but less than 7.75 cubic feet 

(113 to 219 liters) 11 13.15 8.16% 8.75% 6.20%

Very small = at least 7.75 

but less than 12 cubic feet 

(220 to 340 liters) 3 5.61 3.49% 3.74% 4.16%

Small = at least 12 but less 

than 16 cubic feet (340 to 

453 liters) 6 10.72 6.66% 7.14% 5.65%

Medium = at least 16 but 

less than 20 cubic feet (453 

to 566 liters) 3 3.98 2.47% 2.65% 3.53%

Large = at least 20 but less 

than 24 cubic feet (566 to 

680 liters) 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Very large = at least 24 

cubic feet (680 liters) 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 154 150.22 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 7 10.78 6.70% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

3.3.4 Product lifetime

As with other refrigeration products in this report, approximately 60% of respondents 

indicated they bought their non-vapor compression refrigerators new; see Table 63.

Table 63. Non-vapor compression refrigerators purchased new (Question 7, NV1 survey)

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 100 97.79 60.74% 63.41% 8.69%

No 53 56.43 35.05% 36.59% 8.69%

Total of known responses 153 154.21 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 8 6.79 4.22% NA NA

68
Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

The age distribution of non-vapor compression refrigerators purchased new was quite 

young, with 91% indicating an age of less than 2 years. See Table 64.

Table 64. Age of non-vapor compression refrigerators (Question 10, NV1 survey)

Response

Total responses

Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 12 months ago 71 71.73 73.36% 75.99% 12.47%

At least 1 year but less than 2 

years ago 18 14.41 14.74% 15.27% 10.50%

At least 2 year but less than 3 

years ago 6 5.49 5.61% 5.81% 6.83%

At least 3 year but less than 4 

years ago 1 1.04 1.06% 1.10% 3.04%

At least 4 year but less than 5 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 5 year but less than 6 

years ago 1 1.73 1.77% 1.83% 3.92%

At least 6 year but less than 8 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 8 year but less than 

10 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 10 year but less than 

12 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 12 year but less than 

15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 97 94.39 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 1.74 1.78% NA NA

Blank 2 1.66 1.69% NA NA

Total 100 97.79 100.00% NA NA

The lifetime of non-vapor compression refrigerators was estimated using the same 

approach as that used for other refrigeration products in this report. As for residential 

icemakers, we were not able to filter on the subset of owners who had previously 

purchased a non-vapor compression refrigerator, and no independent shipments data were 

available, so we fit to the entire dataset and assumed flat shipments. The resulting fit to the 

data was excellent, with an average lifetime of 1.3 years. See Figure 29 and Table 65.

69
Figure 29. Lifetime function fit for non-vapor compression refrigerators

Table 65. Lifetime fitting parameters for non-vapor compression refrigerators

Data used Shipments Offset (years) Beta Alpha Lifetime (years)

All flat 1.0 0.8 0.6 1.34

Table 66 shows the results of the lifetime survival function for non-vapor compression

refrigerators, for 20 years after purchase. As can be seen in the second and third columns, 

all products survive the first year, while only 22% survive to 2 years. After 12 years a very 

small percentage of products will survive. The fourth column shows the percentage of the 

remaining stock that will survive to the following year. Here the percentage increases over 

time, as the beta value is less than 1 in our formula. This is possibly because a portion of 

non-vapor compression refrigeration products are only used for a very short time, while 

the remainder of products are used for a very long time. However, it should be stressed 

that this is not a very robust result, and it is possible to fit the data with a value of beta 

larger than 1 as well.

Table 66: Lifetime model results for non-vapor compression refrigerators

Age

Percentage 

retiring

Percentage 

surviving

Percentage 

surviving to next 

year

1 0.00% 100.00% 100.0%

2 77.79% 22.21% 22.2%

3 14.93% 7.28% 32.8%

4 4.61% 2.67% 36.6%

5 1.62% 1.04% 39.1%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 2 4 6 8 10

cumulative percentage in stock

Years

Survey

Weibull model

70
6 0.62% 0.43% 41.0%

7 0.25% 0.18% 42.5%

8 0.10% 0.08% 43.7%

9 0.04% 0.04% 44.7%

10 0.02% 0.02% 45.6%

11 0.01% 0.01% 46.4%

12 0.00% 0.00% 47.1%

13 0.00% 0.00% 47.8%

14 0.00% 0.00% 48.4%

15 0.00% 0.00% 48.9%

16 0.00% 0.00% 49.4%

17 0.00% 0.00% 49.9%

18 0.00% 0.00% 50.3%

19 0.00% 0.00% 50.7%

20 0.00% 0.00% 51.1%

3.3.5 Purchase price and installation cost

The median purchase price of non-vapor compression refrigerators (not including taxes or 

rebates) was between $101 and $125, with the highest price paid reported between $1,201 

and $1,400. See Table 67.

Table 67. Purchase price of non-vapor compression refrigerators (Question 8, NV1 survey)

Response

Total responses

Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Up to $25 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $26 and $50 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $51 and $75 2 2.37 2.43% 2.44% 4.85%

Between $76 and $100 34 26.55 27.15% 27.27% 14.00%

Between $101 and $125 35 47.26 48.32% 48.53% 15.71%

Between $126 and $150 10 5.59 5.71% 5.74% 7.31%

Between $151 and $200 5 4.06 4.16% 4.17% 6.29%

Between $201 and $250 8 6.49 6.64% 6.67% 7.84%

Between $251 and $300 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $301 and $350 2 1.52 1.55% 1.56% 3.90%

Between $351 and $400 1 0.65 0.66% 0.66% 2.55%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $501 and $600 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $601 and $700 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

71
Between $701 and $800 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $801 and $1,000 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $1,001 and $1,200 1 1.86 1.90% 1.91% 4.30%

Between $1,201 and $1,400 1 1.04 1.06% 1.06% 3.22%

Between $1,401 and $1,600 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $1,601 and $1,800 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $1,801 and $2,000 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $2,001 and $2,500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $2,501 and $3,000 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $3,001 and $3,500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $3,501 and $4,000 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$4001 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 99 97.37 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Blank 1 0.41 0.42% NA NA

Total 100 97.79 100.00% NA NA

Most non-vapor compression refrigerator owners (83%) did not receive a rebate on their 

purchase, but the remainder received a median rebate of up to $10; see Table 68.

Table 68. Rebate of non-vapor compression refrigerators (Question 9, RI1 survey)

Response

Total responses

Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

No rebate 87 77.35 79.10% 83.39% 11.49%

Up to $10 2 11.55 11.81% 12.45% 10.20%

Between $11 and $20 2 0.65 0.66% 0.70% 2.57%

Between $21 and $30 1 0.56 0.57% 0.60% 2.39%

Between $31 and $40 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $41 and $50 1 0.32 0.32% 0.34% 1.80%

Between $51 and $60 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $61 and $80 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $81 and $100 1 1.73 1.77% 1.86% 4.18%

Between $101 and $125 1 0.60 0.62% 0.65% 2.48%

Between $126 and $150 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $151 and $200 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $201 and $250 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $251 and $300 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

72
$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 95 92.75 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 4 4.62 4.73% NA NA

Blank 1 0.41 0.42% NA NA

Total 100 97.79 100.00% NA NA

The NV1 survey asked about installation costs of non-vapor compression refrigerators. 

Nearly all (96%) units were installed for free; the small number of respondents (10) who 

paid for installation reported a median cost of between $41 and $50. See Table 69.

Table 69. Cost of installation of non-vapor compression refrigerators (Question 12, NV1 survey)

Response

Total responses

Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; I installed it myself or 

someone installed it for free 147 149.68 92.97% 95.60% 4.88%

Up to $10 1 0.51 0.31% 0.32% 1.35%

Between $11 and $20 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $21 and $30 2 1.93 1.20% 1.23% 2.62%

Between $31 and $40 1 0.44 0.27% 0.28% 1.25%

Between $41 and $50 4 2.69 1.67% 1.72% 3.09%

Between $51 and $60 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $61 and $80 1 0.42 0.26% 0.27% 1.24%

Between $81 and $100 1 0.91 0.57% 0.58% 1.81%

Between $101 and $125 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $126 and $150 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $151 and $200 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $201 and $250 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $251 and $300 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 157 156.58 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 4 4.42 2.75% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

3.3.6 Repairs

73
The NV1 survey asked respondents about repairs to their non-vapor compression 

refrigerators; about 1.2% indicated that they had had repairs. See Table 70. However, given 

the very small number of respondents (2) who had repaired their refrigerators, we did not 

have sufficient data to indicate repair cost, repair frequency or components repaired, so 

these results are not shown.

Table 70. Incidence of repairs to non-vapor compression refrigerators (Question 13, NV1 survey)

Response

Total responses

Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 2 1.82 1.13% 1.18% 1.95%

No 152 152.75 94.88% 98.82% 1.95%

Total of known responses 154 154.58 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 7 6.42 3.99% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

3.3.7 Maintenance

The NV1 survey asked respondents whether they perform routine maintenance on their 

non-vapor compression refrigerators; about 23% of respondents indicated that they did. As 

for cost, 56% of those who perform routine maintenance pay nothing for it, with the 

remainder spending a median of between $11 and $20 per year. See Table 71 and Table 72.

Table 71. Incidence of maintenance of non-vapor compression refrigerators (Question 17, NV1 survey)

Response

Total responses

Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence

interval

Yes 30 35.63 22.13% 23.20% 7.63%

No 126 117.97 73.27% 76.80% 7.63%

Total of known responses 156 153.60 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 4 3.62 2.25% NA NA

Blank 1 3.78 2.35% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Table 72. Cost of maintenance of non-vapor compression refrigerators (Question 18, NV1 survey)

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

74
Nothing; I perform the 

maintenance myself or someone 

does it for free 21 19.94 55.98% 55.98% 24.73%

Up to $10 1 0.70 1.95% 1.95% 6.89%

Between $11 and $20 5 12.12 34.01% 34.01% 23.60%

Between $21 and $30 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $31 and $40 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $41 and $50 1 0.70 1.95% 1.95% 6.89%

Between $51 and $60 2 2.18 6.11% 6.11% 11.93%

Between $61 and $80 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $81 and $100 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $101 and $125 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $126 and $150 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $151 and $200 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $201 and $250 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $251 and $300 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 30 35.63 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 30 35.63 100.00% NA NA

3.3.8 Demographics of ownership

The demographics of non-vapor compression refrigerator owners differed from those of 

the general population. Similar to residential icemaker owners, non-vapor compression 

refrigerator owners tended to be more male, less white, more Hispanic, higher annual 

household income (≥$60,000), lower education level (high school/GED or no schooling), 

less 30-59 year old occupants, larger household size (≥3 occupants), less South Atlantic and 

more East North Central (with small differences in other geographic regions) than the 

general population. See Figure 30 through Figure 37 for more information.

75
Figure 30. Gender of non-vapor compression refrigerator owners versus general population

Figure 31. Race of non-vapor compression refrigerator owners versus general population

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

Female Male

RP2+RP3

NV owners

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

White Black Asian Other

RP2+RP3

NV owners

76
Figure 32. Hispanic origin of non-vapor compression refrigerator owners versus general population

Figure 33. Annual household income of non-vapor compression refrigerator owners versus general population

0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

70.00%

80.00%

90.00%

100.00%

Yes No

RP2+RP3

NV owners

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

0 to

19000

20000 to

39000

 40000 to

59000

60000 to

79000

80000 to

99000

100000

more

RP2+RP3

NV owners

77
Figure 34. Education level of non-vapor compression refrigerator owners versus general population

Figure 35. Occupant ages of non-vapor compression refrigerator owners versus general population

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

RP2+RP3

NV owners

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

45.00%

50.00%

20 less 20 to 29 30 to 59 60 more

RP2+RP3

NV owners

78
Figure 36. Household size of non-vapor compression refrigerator owners versus general population

Figure 37. Geographic region of non-vapor compression refrigerator owners versus general population

3.4 Hybrid refrigeration product results

The RP2 survey asked about refrigerators and freezers with separate wine/beverage 

compartments. About 2.5% of refrigerators and 2.4% of freezers were reported to have 

such compartments, and about 2.0% were either “Don’t know” or blank. See Table 73 and 

Table 74 for more information.

Table 73. Refrigerator with separate wine/beverage compartment? (Question 2, RP2 survey)

Response

Total responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

Number

of pp_1

Number

of pp_2

Number

of pp_3

Number

of pp_4

Number

of pp_5

Number

of pp_6+

RP2+RP3

NV owners

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

RP2+RP3

NV owners

79
Yes 93 72.59 2.45% 0.71%

No 2815 2829.48 95.59% 0.94%

Don't know 47 41.20 1.39% 0.54%

Blank 13 16.67 0.56% 0.34%

Total 2968 2959.94 100.00%

Table 74. Freezer with separate wine/beverage compartment? (Question 18, RP2 survey)

Response

Total responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 31 22.38 2.37% 1.19%

No 956 900.85 95.57% 1.61%

Don't know 25 14.14 1.50% 0.95%

Blank 4 5.19 0.55% 0.58%

Total 1016 942.57 100.00%

To estimate the overall penetration and saturation of hybrid devices in U.S. households, we 

needed to estimate these quantities for ordinary refrigerators and freezers. In Table 75 and 

Table 76, we present these results for the RP2 and RP3 surveys, and also compare to RECS 

2009 data.

Table 75. Households with ordinary (non-hybrid) refrigerators and freezers

Known responses

Survey Code

Households with 

targeted devices

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Refrigerators

RP2 2959.59 3001.82 98.59% 0.42%

RP3 3824.18 3843.11 99.51% 0.22%

Total 6783.77 6844.93 99.11% -0.93%,

+0.62%

RECS 2009 12062.62 12083.00 99.83% 0.07%

Freezers

RP2 942.32 3009.34 31.31% 1.66%

RP3 1592.2 3842.15 41.44% 1.56%

Total 2534.52 6851.49 36.99% -7.34%,

+6.01%

RECS 2009 3678.96 12083.00 30.45% 0.82%

Table 76. Average numbers of ordinary (non-hybrid) refrigerators and freezers in households with the product

Survey code

Known

weighted 

Number of targeted devices Average 

number 

Confidence 

1 2 3 4 5+ interval

80
responses per 

household

Refrigerators

RP2 2959.59 76.42% 20.11% 3.08% 0.34% 0.04% 1.2748 0.0015

RP3 3824.18 80.22% 17.45% 1.97% 0.26% 0.10% 1.2256 0.0010

Total 6783.77 78.56% 18.61% 2.46% 0.30% 0.07% 1.247 -0.022,

+0.029

RECS 2009 12062.62 77.04% 20.78% 1.84% 0.24% 0.10% 1.2559 0.0003

Freezers

RP2 942.32 89.76% 9.16% 1.07% 0.00% 0.01% 1.1133 0.0021

RP3 1592.2 88.29% 10.32% 1.14% 0.13% 0.12% 1.1348 0.0015

Total 2534.52 88.83% 9.89% 1.12% 0.08% 0.08% 1.127 -0.016,

+0.010

RECS 2009 3678.96 91.59% 7.11% 1.31% 0.00% 0.00% 1.0972 0.0005

We find that survey results indicate the penetrations of refrigerators at 99.1(–0.9,+0.6)% 

and of freezers, 37.0(–7.3,+6.0)%, while the average numbers of products in homes with 

those products are 1.247(–0.022,+0.029) and 1.127(–0.016,+0.010), respectively. (Device 

saturations can be obtained by multiplying these two quantities.) These estimates compare 

well with RECS 2009 within their confidence intervals for all quantities except for the 

average number of freezers per household, which appears to be biased high relative to 

RECS for both the RP2 and RP3 surveys. However, the absolute difference is still quite 

small, about 0.030 freezers per household.

Using the more accurate RECS results, we find that the estimated household penetration of 

hybrid refrigerator-wine/beverage coolers is 2.4±0.8%, and the device saturation is 

3.1±0.9%, yielding an estimated 2.8±0.8 million households and 3.6±1.0 million units. For 

freezer-wine/beverage coolers, we find that the estimated household penetration is 

0.7±0.4%, and the device saturation is 0.8±0.4%, yielding an estimated 0.8±0.4 million 

households and 0.9±0.5 million units.

3.5 AC/DC refrigeration products

The RP2 survey asked respondents whether the refrigerators, freezers and wine/beverage 

coolers in their homes could operate on either AC or DC electricity. Affirmative responses 

were provided for approximately 15% of refrigerators and freezer owners, and 21% of 

wine/beverage cooler owners. However, as discussed in Section 3.1.12, we were able to 

verify the responses to roughly 20% of wine/beverage cooler claims (418 units) where 

model numbers were provided, and found no evidence that any of them could run on DC 

power. Therefore, our best estimate of the fraction of wine/beverage coolers that run on 

AC or DC power is zero. We did not have the opportunity to similarly evaluate refrigerators 

and freezers using model number information, but warn that results should be interpreted 

with caution. See Table 77 through Table 79.

81
Table 77. Refrigerators that can operate on either AC or DC electricity (Question 4, RP2 survey)

Response

Total responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion*

Confidence 

interval

Yes 456 421.30 14.23% 1.60%

No 1619 1784.37 60.28% 2.24%

Don't know 879 740.45 25.02% 1.99%

Blank 14 13.82 0.47% 0.31%

Total 2968 2959.94 100.00%

* Based on model number verification of 418 wine/beverage coolers, we estimate that the 

actual proportion of refrigerators that can operate on either AC or DC electricity is much 

smaller than what is indicated here.

Table 78. Freezers that can operate on either AC or DC electricity (Question 20, RP2 survey)

Response

Total responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion*

Confidence 

interval

Yes 167 143.20 15.19% 2.81%

No 597 587.63 62.34% 3.80%

Don't know 246 204.66 21.71% 3.23%

Blank 6 7.08 0.75% 0.68%

Total 1016 942.57 100.00%

* Based on model number verification of 418 wine/beverage coolers, we estimate that the 

actual proportion of freezers that can operate on either AC or DC electricity is much smaller 

than what is indicated here.

Table 79. Wine/beverage coolers that can operate on either AC or DC electricity (Question 32, RP2 survey)

Response

Total responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion*

Confidence 

interval

Yes 99 70.25 20.87% 5.17%

No 192 192.89 57.30% 6.29%

Don't know 91 70.74 21.01% 5.18%

Blank 4 2.74 0.81% 1.14%

Total 386 336.61 100.00%

* Based on model number verification of 418 wine/beverage coolers, we estimate that the 

actual proportion of wine/beverage coolers that can operate on either AC or DC electricity

is zero.

Given the above caveats, our estimates of the number of AC/DC refrigerators and freezers 

are as follows. Using the estimated numbers of ordinary refrigerators and freezers 

described in Section 4.4, we find that the estimated household penetration of AC/DC 

82
refrigerators is 14.2±1.6%, and the device saturation is 17.8±2.0%, yielding an estimated 

16.5±1.9 million households and 20.7±2.3 million units. For AC/DC freezers, we find that 

the estimated household penetration is 4.6±0.9%, and the device saturation is 5.1±1.0% 

yielding an estimated 5.4±1.0 million households and 5.9±1.1 million units. Again, it should 

be emphasized that these results should be treated with caution.

4 Discussion

4.1 Penetrations, saturations, numbers of households and numbers of devices

We summarize our calculations of the penetrations, saturations, numbers of households 

and numbers of devices described in Section 3 again below in Table 80 and Table 81. Also 

included are our best “high-bound” estimated number of devices, based on the upper 

confidence interval estimate in each case.

83
Table 80. Calculation of household penetrations of wine/beverage coolers, residential icemakers and non-vapor compression refrigeration products

Penetration

Correction 

for false 

positives

Corrected 

penetration

Number of 

households

(millions)

Number in 

deviceowning 

households Saturation

Number of 

units

(millions)

Highbound 

number of 

units

(millions)

Wine/beverage coolers

Central value 9.99% 95.90% 9.58% 11.12 1.109 10.62% 12.33 13.29

Confidence 

interval 0.71% 1.90% 0.71% 0.82 0.027 0.83% 0.96

Residential icemakers

Central value 5.36% 85.70% 4.60% 5.34 1.032 4.75% 5.51 8.70

Low confidence 

interval bound -3.44% -2.20% -2.95% -3.43 -0.023 -3.05% -3.54

High confidence 

interval bound 3.10% 2.20% 2.66% 3.09 0.023 2.75% 3.19

Non-vapor compression refrigerators

Central value 12.89% 29.40% 3.79% 4.40 1.021 3.87% 4.49 6.85

Low confidence 

interval bound -7.50% -4.70% -2.29% -2.65 -0.050 -2.34% -2.72

High confidence 

interval bound 6.40% 4.70% 1.98% 2.29 0.050 2.03% 2.35

Non-vapor compression freezers

Central value 5.57% 0.00% 0.00% 0.00 N/A 0.00% 0.00 0.00

Low confidence 

interval bound -4.87% N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

High confidence 

interval bound 4.10% N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

84
Table 81. Calculation of household penetrations of hybrid and AC/DC refrigeration products

Household 

penetration

of targeted 

devices

Household

penetration

of parent 

devices

Correction 

for false 

positives

Corrected 

household 

penetration

of targeted 

devices

Number of 

households

(millions)

Number in 

deviceowning 

households

Targeted 

device 

saturation

Number of 

units

(millions)

Highbound 

number of 

units

(millions)

Hybrid refrigerator-wine/beverage coolers

Central value 2.45% 99.831% 100% 2.446% 2.84 1.25592 3.07% 3.57 4.60

Confidence 

interval 0.71% 0.073% N/A 0.71% 0.82 0.00034 0.89% 1.03

Hybrid freezer-wine/beverage coolers

Central value 2.37% 30.45% 100% 0.72% 0.84 1.09720 0.79% 0.92 1.38

Confidence 

interval 1.19% 0.82% N/A 0.36% 0.42 0.00048 0.40% 0.46

AC/DC refrigerators

Central value 14.23% 99.831% 100% 14.21% 16.49 1.25592 17.84% 20.71* 23.04*

Confidence 

interval 1.60% 0.073% N/A 1.60% 1.855 0.00034 2.01% 2.33

AC/DC freezers

Central value 15.19% 30.45% 100% 4.62% 5.37 1.09720 5.07% 5.89* 6.99*

Confidence 

interval 2.81% 0.82% N/A 0.86% 1.00 0.00048 0.95% 1.10

AC/DC wine/beverage coolers

Central value 20.87% 9.58% 0% 0.00% 0.00 0.00 0.00% 0.00 0.00

Confidence 

interval 5.17% 0.71% N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

*Treat results with caution, as they have not been validated against actual brand/model number data.

85
Our wine/beverage cooler penetration estimate of 9.6±0.7% can be compared to results 

from a recent Canadian survey of 394 households in 2011 that reported an average 

wine/beverage cooler proportion of 5.3±2.2% (Strack and Associates, 2012; Parekh et al., 

2012). The two estimates do not agree within their 95% confidence intervals. However, 

differences between the two countries may account for the difference. We investigated the 

amount of wine drinking in the two countries, but concluded that they were very similar, 

with Canadians actually drinking slightly more wine than Americans (1.50 versus 1.36 

L/capita/year of pure alcohol; WHO, 2011). However, we also found a lower average gross 

domestic product per capita in Canada ($40,370) versus the U.S. ($48,112) in 2011 (World 

Bank, 2013) as well as lower average mean and median equivalized disposable household 

incomes (Wikipedia, 2013). Our data indicated that the penetration of wine/beverage 

coolers in U.S. households was strongly correlated with income, as shown below in Figure 

38, so the difference in country incomes may partially account for the differences in 

wine/beverage cooler proportions.

Figure 38. Penetration of wine/beverage coolers versus annual household income

NPD estimated that their wine/beverage cooler shipments data covered between 25% and 

40% of the U.S. market, implying, at the upper end of the range, that they represented 

10.9% of refrigerator/freezer shipments in 2007 and declined to 4.1% of 

refrigerator/freezer shipments in 2011. By contrast, our estimates of wine/beverage cooler

shipments represent 16% of refrigerator/freezer shipments in 2012, using our derived 

wine/beverage cooler lifetime of 4.5 years (see Section 3.1.5)—about four times higher

than the NPD estimate. See Table 82.

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%

14%

16%

18%

20%

0 to 19000 20000 to

39000

 40000 to

59000

60000 to

79000

80000 to

99000

100000 more

Proportion of housholeds

with wine/beverage coolers

Annual Household Income (2012$)

86
Based on the agreement between our surveys and RECS in the numbers of refrigerators 

and freezers in U.S. households, and the agreement in the proportions of wine/beverage 

coolers among the two surveys (RP2 and RP3), we conclude that the NPD estimates cover a 

much smaller portion of the U.S. market than indicated.

Table 82. Comparison of wine/beverage cooler shipment estimates between NPD and survey data

Year

Data source

DOE R/F

Final Rule NPD Surveys (this report)

Total 

R/F 

shipments 

(millions)

W/BC

shipments 

(thousands)

Implied W/BC

fraction of R/F 

shipments

Derived 

W/BC

stock 

(millions)

Implied 

W/BC

shipments 

(thousands)†

Implied 

W/BC

fraction of

R/F 

(40%)* (25%)* shipments

2005 16.73 112.1 1.7% 2.7%

2006 15.39 298.4 4.8% 7.8%

2007 15.09 410.5 6.8% 10.9%

2008 14.37 229.5 4.0% 6.4%

2009 14.27 185.1 3.2% 5.2%

2010 15.02 182.3 3.0% 4.9%

2011 16.29 168.0 2.6% 4.1%

2012 17.15 12.3 2,733 15.9%

Key:

R/F = refrigerator/freezer

W/BC = wine/beverage cooler

* Value in parentheses indicates NPD’s own estimation of the fraction of the U.S. market 

covered by their data, which is provided as a range from 25% to 40%.

† Assuming a derived W/BC lifetime of 4.5 years.

4.2 Proportions of wine/beverage cooler capacities

NPD provided shipments of wine/beverage coolers by capacity from 2005 to 2011. As 

noted in the previous section, although NPD estimates that their data cover 25-40% of the 

retail market, it appears that this estimate is too high by about a factor of four. Nonetheless, 

we used this data to compare the relative proportions of shipments by capacity and year. 

See Table 83, Figure 39 and Figure 40.

Table 83. NPD shipments of wine/beverage coolers by year and capacity (note that absolute numbers do not 

reflect total U.S. shipments)

Capacity 

(in wine 

bottles)

Shipments by year

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

87
1 to 11 3,528 90,888 162,658 92,515 72,815 75,632 73,554 

12 to 19 31,357 104,713 140,917 80,519 77,924 60,525 52,931 

20 to 29 32,344 25,672 36,138 22,019 6,489 8,891 7,895 

30 to 39 32,234 56,242 37,488 14,975 13,544 19,605 20,539 

40 to 49 2,674 13,812 16,984 5,571 10,233 15,147 10,184 

50 to 59 8,267 5,710 4,779 2,415 2,664 2,163 1,982 

60 to 89 1,337 1,052 989 331 125 121 103 

90+ 298 230 1,557 1,369 189 148 272 

Not 

Specified

52 52 8,965 9,835 1,098 101 492 

Total 112,091 298,371 410,475 229,549 185,081 182,333 167,952 

Figure 39. NPD shipments of wine/beverage coolers by year and capacity (note that absolute numbers do not 

reflect total U.S. shipments)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Shipments (Thousands)

Year

Not Specified

90+ Bottles

60 to 89 Bottles

50 to 59 Bottles

40 to 49 Bottles

30 to 39 Bottles

20 to 29 Bottles

12 to 19 bottles

1 to 11 Bottles

88
Figure 40. NPD shipments of wine/beverage coolers by year and capacity (expressed as fraction of total for each 

year)

The proportions of shipments by capacity appear fairly steady from 2008-2011, so we have 

combined shipments for these four years to obtain average proportions by capacity, shown 

in Table 84. Included here as well are proportions from the WC1 survey for comparison.

Table 84. Proportion of NPD shipments (2008-2011 average) by capacity, and comparison to WC1 survey (2012)

Capacity

(number of wine bottles)

Proportion of total*

(NPD)

Proportion of total*

(WC1 survey)

Confidence interval

(WC1 survey)

1 to 11 41.7% 43.7% 3.6%

12 to 19 36.1% 33.2% 3.1%

20 to 29 6.0% 14.9% 1.7%

30 to 39 9.1% 4.9% 2.6%

40 to 49 5.5% 1.5% 1.4%

50 to 59 1.2% 1.1% 0.7%

60 to 89 0.1% 0.1% 0.6%

90+ 0.3% 0.5% 0.2%

Total 100.0% 100.0%

* Not including “Not specified” shipments (NPD) or “Don’t know”/blank responses (WC1 

survey).

Proportions agree well for the two capacity categories with the largest market shares (1-11 

and 12-19 bottles), but there are statistically-significant disagreements in the 20-29 

through 40-49 bottle categories: the NPD market shares are spread more evenly among 

this range, while the WC1 survey market share is concentrated in the 20-29 bottle category. 

At large capacity sizes (50-59 bottles and larger), market shares are consistent between the 

two data sources. We conclude that because NPD only appears to cover a small fraction of 

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Fraction of total shipments for year

Year

Not Specified

90+ Bottles

60 to 89 Bottles

50 to 59 Bottles

40 to 49 Bottles

30 to 39 Bottles

20 to 29 Bottles

12 to 19 bottles

1 to 11 Bottles

89
the total market, the data is somewhat biased away from shipments in the 20-29 bottle 

capacity range and toward those with larger capacities (30-49 bottles).

4.3 Price distributions of wine/beverage coolers

NPD’s shipment data of wine/beverage coolers also contained retail prices by model 

number, allowing a very detailed disaggregation of price by capacity and year. Although 

data were available from 2005-2011, large changes in price distributions appeared to occur 

for some capacities prior to 2009, so we used the average of 2009-2011 to determine price 

distributions by capacity. See Figure 41 through Figure 47. The Appendix provides price 

distributions for all years, as well as tables summarizing the data found here.

Figure 41. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for 1-11 bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

45000

Number of shipments

Price (2011$)

90
Figure 42. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for 12-19 bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers

Figure 43. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for 20-29 bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

Number of shipments

Price (2011$)

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

Number of shipments

Price (2011$)

91
Figure 44. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for 30-39 bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers

Figure 45. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for 40-59 bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers. Note that the vertical 

scale was expanded to show detail; the number of shipments at the one data point whose full height was 

truncated is labeled on the Figure.

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Number of shipments

Price (2011$)

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

10000

Number of shipments

Price (2011$)

18,400

92
Figure 46. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for 60+ bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers

Figure 47. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for all wine/beverage coolers

We find generally increasing average prices with capacity, though distributions remain 

broad. For units in the 20-29 bottle and 40+ bottle capacities, we observe clustering at both 

low prices (<$500) and high prices (>$1000), suggesting low-end and luxury versions in 

the same capacity range.

We also compared the NPD price data to WC1 survey data disaggregated by capacity. Due 

to data limitations in the survey data, only the 1-11, 12-19 and 20-29 bottle capacities are 

shown in Figure 48 through Figure 50, and Table 85 through Table 87. (Note that these are 

composed of both units where the primary purpose was wine as well as beer/soda; the 

bottle capacities of the latter were converted to the equivalent number of wine bottles 

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

Number of shipments

Price (2011$)

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

Number of shipments

Price (2011$)

93
using the relationships established above in Section 3.1.2). A comparison of price 

distributions for all capacities is also shown in Figure 51 and Table 88.

Figure 48. Comparison of 1-11 bottle capacity wine/beverage cooler prices between WC1 and NPD data

Figure 49. Comparison of 12-19 bottle capacity wine/beverage cooler prices between WC1 and NPD data

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

Proportion of total

Price range

WC1 survey

NPD data

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

Proportion of total

Price range

WC1 survey

NPD data

94
Figure 50. Comparison of 20-29 bottle capacity wine/beverage cooler prices between WC1 and NPD data

Table 85. Comparison of 1-11 bottle capacity wine/beverage cooler prices between WC1 and NPD data

Price range WC1 survey NPD data

0-25 0.18% 0.08%

26-50 3.08% 10.46%

51-75 9.85% 46.96%

76-100 21.35% 34.10%

101-125 19.54% 4.81%

126-150 11.94% 0.95%

151+ NA 2.65%

151-200 8.75% NA

201-250 7.20% NA

251-300 4.72% NA

301-350 5.50% NA

351-400 1.66% NA

401-500 0.68% NA

501-600 1.14% NA

601-700 1.91% NA

701-800 0.14% NA

801-1000 0.82% NA

1001-1200 0.95% NA

1201-1400 0.09% NA

1401-1600 0.00% NA

1601-1800 0.05% NA

1801-2500 0.00% NA

2501-3000 0.38% NA

3001-3500 0.00% NA

3501-4000 0.07% NA

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

Proportion of total

Price range

WC1 survey

NPD data

95
Total 100.00% 100.00%

Table 86. Comparison of 12-19 bottle capacity wine/beverage cooler prices between WC1 and NPD data

Price range WC1 survey NPD data

0-25 0.00% 0.00%

26-50 0.09% 0.00%

51-75 1.55% 0.31%

76-100 6.71% 15.37%

101-125 11.53% 26.05%

126-150 22.98% 17.26%

151-200 15.77% 11.65%

201-250 13.42% 14.09%

251+ NA 0.52%

251-300 8.86% NA

301-350 6.75% NA

351-400 2.48% NA

401-500 3.07% NA

501-600 0.96% NA

601-700 1.00% NA

701-800 0.49% NA

801-1000 2.20% NA

1001-1200 0.47% NA

1201-1400 0.69% NA

1401-1600 0.00% NA

1601-1800 0.68% NA

1801-2000 0.00% NA

2001-2500 0.29% NA

Total 100.00% 100.00%

Table 87. Comparison of 20-29 bottle capacity wine/beverage cooler prices between WC1 and NPD data

Price range WC1 survey NPD data

0-25 0.00% 0.15%

26-50 0.00% 0.01%

51-75 0.08% 0.08%

76-100 0.00% 0.69%

101-125 7.97% 3.68%

126-150 3.07% 8.97%

151-200 7.71% 23.30%

201-250 13.40% 7.00%

251-300 11.11% 9.50%

301-350 18.92% 5.03%

351-400 7.34% 3.99%

401-500 3.12% 15.96%

96
501-600 1.52% 0.51%

601-700 3.18% 0.54%

701-800 2.43% 0.63%

801-1000 1.60% 3.70%

1001-1200 13.76% 5.42%

1201-1400 0.60% 6.58%

1401-1500 0.00% 1.82%

1501+ NA 2.46%

1501-1600 0.00% NA

1601-1800 0.13% NA

1801-2000 2.04% NA

2001-2500 0.31% NA

2501-3000 0.00% NA

3001-3500 0.24% NA

4001+ 1.49% NA

Total 100.00% 100.00%

Figure 51. Comparison of all capacities of wine/beverage cooler prices between WC1 and NPD data

Table 88. Comparison of all capacities of wine/beverage cooler prices between WC1 and NPD data

Price range WC1 survey NPD data

0 to 25 0.99% 0.05%

26 to 50 1.59% 4.43%

51 to 75 4.00% 25.00%

76 to 100 9.40% 23.48%

101 to 125 10.84% 8.23%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

0 to 25

26 to 5051 to 75

76 to 100

101 to 125126 to 150151 to 200201 to 250251 to 300301 to 350351 to 400401 to 500501 to 600601 to 700701 to 800

801 to 1000

>1000

Proportion of total

Price range

WC1 survey

NPD data

97
126 to 150 9.98% 5.24%

151 to 200 11.18% 13.51%

201 to 250 11.00% 5.18%

251 to 300 8.63% 6.00%

301 to 350 8.12% 1.69%

351 to 400 3.65% 1.11%

401 to 500 3.91% 1.42%

501 to 600 3.01% 0.28%

601 to 700 2.47% 0.25%

701 to 800 1.92% 0.28%

801 to 1000 2.84% 0.58%

>1001 6.47% 3.27%

Total 100.00% 100.00%

While we observe some differences in the details of the distributions, and a bias in the NPD 

data toward lower prices at all capacities, there is general agreement in the price trends as 

functions of capacity, and significant overlap in the price ranges between the WC1 and NPD 

data, including the clustering at low and high prices in the 20-29 bottle capacity data.

5 Conclusions

We have reported on the collection of statistically representative survey data of 

refrigeration products from U.S. households for the first time using AMT. Data on the 

presence, number, type and usage of refrigerators, freezers, and various miscellaneous

refrigeration products (wine/beverage coolers, residential icemakers and non-vapor 

compression refrigerators and freezers) were collected and analyzed, along with household 

and demographic information. Such products have been poorly studied to date, with almost 

no information available about shipments, stocks, capacities, energy use, etc. A total of 

9,981 clean survey responses were obtained from five distinct surveys deployed in 2012.

Survey responses were weighted using a combination of techniques documented in detail 

in a previous LBNL report (Greenblatt et al., 2013). General refrigeration product survey 

responses were weighted to demographics in the U.S. Energy Information Administration’s 

Residential Energy Consumption Survey 2009 dataset (RECS, 2009), while miscellaneous 

refrigeration product survey responses were weighted according to demographics of 

product ownership found in the general refrigeration product surveys.

Model number matching for a portion of miscellaneous refrigeration product responses 

allowed validation of refrigeration product characteristics, including the identity of 

miscellaneous refrigeration products, and the cooling technology of wine/beverage coolers. 

This enabled more accurate estimates of the penetrations of these products in U.S. 

households.

98
Overall, we estimated that there were 12.3±1.0 million wine/beverage coolers, 5.5(–

3.5,+3.2) million residential icemakers and 4.4(–2.7,+2.3) million non-vapor compression 

refrigerators in U.S. households in 2012. (All numerical results are expressed with ranges 

indicating 95% confidence intervals.) No evidence was found for the existence of nonvapor compression freezers. Moreover, we found that 15% of wine/beverage coolers used 

vapor compression cooling technology, while 85% used thermoelectric cooling technology, 

with the vast majority of thermoelectric units having capacities of less than 30 wine bottles 

(approximately 3.5 cubic feet). No evidence was found for the existence of wine/beverage 

coolers with absorption cooling technology. We also estimated that there were 3.6±1.0 

million hybrid refrigerator-wine/beverage coolers and 0.9±0.5 million hybrid freezerwine/beverage coolers in U.S. households.

In addition to penetration data, we obtained estimated distributions of miscellaneous

refrigeration product ages (and through fitting to a survival function, product lifetimes), 

capacities, purchase and installation costs, repair frequencies and costs, and maintenance 

costs. For wine/beverage coolers, we also obtained information on the penetration of builtin units, AC/DC operating capability, the use of internal lights, and distributions of door 

opening frequencies. The reported penetration of AC/DC operating capability was found to 

be inconsistent with verified model number-based information; no wine/beverage coolers 

were found to have AC/DC operating capability.

We also estimated the penetration of refrigerators and freezers with AC/DC operating 

capability, but based on the lack of evidence of these products among wine/beverage 

coolers, our estimates for refrigerators and freezers were considered suspect.

The penetrations of wine/beverage coolers were compared with data from Canadian 

households and found to be somewhat higher, though the difference in per capita incomes 

may at least partially account for this discrepancy. Implied shipments of wine/beverage 

coolers (calculated from the estimated stocks and lifetimes) were also compared to data 

obtained from the NPD Group, Inc. and found to be at least four times larger, but 

uncertainty in the actual portion of the U.S. market covered by the NPD data suggests such

an apparent discrepancy may be possible.

The information obtained through AMT surveys is essential for developing detailed 

estimates of national energy usage and life-cycle costs. The use of such survey methods 

would be helpful in obtaining similar information about other residential plug-load 

appliances.

6 Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the following individuals for their contributions to this study: 

Erin S. Claybaugh, Samantha I. Infeld, Alex B. Lekov, Gregory J. Rosenquist, Suzanne Stone, 

and Garrick Wahlstrand. The Energy Efficiency Standards group at Lawrence Berkeley 

National Laboratory is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Energy 

99
Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Program under Contract no. DEAC02-05CH11231.

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102
Appendices

A.1 Complete survey results

Weighted proportions of each survey question response are presented below. In certain 

cases, questions have been filtered to exclude non-applicable responses (such as those 

from respondents who were asked to skip a question based on their response to an earlier 

question).

A.1.1 RP2 survey

Question 1. How many refrigerators are plugged in at your home right now?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval*

None 34 42.23 1.40% 1.41% 0.57%

1 2097 2261.58 75.14% 75.34% 2.08%

2 723 595.29 19.78% 19.83% 1.92%

3 122 91.29 3.03% 3.04% 0.83%

4 22 10.16 0.34% 0.34% 0.28%

5 or more 2 1.27 0.04% 0.04% 0.10%

Total of known 

responses 3000 3001.83 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 0.34 0.01% NA NA

Blank 8 7.84 0.26% NA NA

Total responses 3010 3010.00 100.00% NA NA

* For all tables in these Appendices, this column refers to 95% confidence intervals. For 

questions with only two known response types, the standard error of a normal binomial 

distribution was used, while for those with more than two known response types, the 

Bonferroni correction was applied. See Section 2.6 for more information.

Question 2. Do you have a refrigerator with a special section or compartment designed 

specifically for storing wine at a warmer temperature? [Filtered on those not responding 

“None” or Blank to Question 1]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 93 72.59 2.45% 2.50% 0.65%

No 2815 2829.48 95.59% 97.50% 0.65%

Total of known 

responses 2908 2902.07 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 47 41.20 1.39% NA NA

103
Blank 13 16.67 0.56% NA NA

Total responses 2968 2959.94 100.00% NA NA

Question 3. How many full-sized (750 mL) bottles of wine is this refrigerator’s wine storage 

section able to hold? [Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 2]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Up to 5 bottles 47 36.55 50.35% 50.70% 15.84%

Between 6 and 10 

bottles 28 23.25 32.03% 32.26% 14.81%

Between 11 and 15 

bottles 7 5.49 7.57% 7.62% 8.41%

Between 16 and 20 

bottles 7 4.05 5.57% 5.61% 7.29%

Between 21 and 25 

bottles 1 1.85 2.55% 2.56% 5.01%

Between 26 and 30 

bottles 1 0.89 1.23% 1.24% 3.50%

31 or more bottles 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known 

responses 91 72.08 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 0.51 0.70% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 93 72.59 100.00% NA NA

Question 4. Do you have a refrigerator that can operate on either AC or DC electricity?

Response

Total responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 456 421.30 14.23% 1.60%

No 1619 1784.37 60.28% 2.24%

Don't 

know 879 740.45 25.02% 1.99%

Blank 14 13.82 0.47% 0.31%

Total 2968 2959.94 100.00%

Question 5. Do you have a refrigerator that uses thermoelectric or absorption cooling 

technology to provide cooling?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 195 188.51 6.37% 9.13% 1.42%

104
No 1805 1876.68 63.40% 90.87% 1.42%

Total of known 

responses 2000 2065.19 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 967 890.34 30.08% NA NA

Blank 1 4.40 0.15% NA NA

Total 2968 2959.94 100.00% NA NA

Question 6. What is the brand of this refrigerator? [Responses not shown; see Section 

3.3.2 for validation]

Question 7. Please enter the brand name of this refrigerator [Responses not shown; see 

Section 3.3.2 for validation]

Question 8. What is the full model number of this refrigerator? [Responses not shown; 

see Section 3.3.2 for validation]

Question 9. Please indicate which cooling technology this refrigerator uses [Filtered on 

those responding “Yes” to Question 5]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Thermoelectric 106 96.58 51.23% 69.60% 8.75%

Absorption cooling 41 42.18 22.38% 30.40% 8.75%

Total of known 

responses 147 138.76 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 47 49.55 26.29% NA NA

Blank 1 0.20 0.10% NA NA

Total 195 188.51 100.00% NA NA

Question 10. Can your absorption cooling refrigerator operate with propane as well as 

electricity? [Filtered on those responding “Absorption cooling” to Question 9]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 12 19.49 46.20% 67.65% 19.54%

No 17 9.32 22.09% 32.35% 19.54%

Total of known 

responses 29 28.80 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 8 9.64 22.85% NA NA

Blank 4 3.74 8.86% NA NA

Total 41 42.18 100.00% NA NA

105
Question 11. Please estimate the total capacity of this thermoelectric or absorption cooling 

refrigerator [Responses not shown, due to incorrect metric conversions]

Question 12. Does this refrigerator contain a separate freezer section? [Filtered on those 

responding “Yes” to Question 5]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 172 160.52 85.15% 85.49% 5.76%

No 21 27.24 14.45% 14.51% 5.76%

Total of known 

responses 193 187.76 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 0.36 0.19% NA NA

Blank 1 0.39 0.21% NA NA

Total 195 188.51 100.00% NA NA

Question 13. Please estimate the capacity of the freezer section of this refrigerator

[Responses not shown, due to incorrect metric conversions]

Question 14. Does this thermoelectric or absorption cooling refrigerator have a separate 

section or compartment designed specifically for storing wine at a warmer temperature?

[Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 5]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 31 33.76 17.91% 18.44% 6.42%

No 156 149.37 79.24% 81.56% 6.42%

Total of known 

responses 187 183.13 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 7 4.54 2.41% NA NA

Blank 1 0.83 0.44% NA NA

Total 195 188.51 100.00% NA NA

Question 15. How many full-sized (750 mL) bottles of wine is this refrigerator’s wine 

storage section able to hold? [Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 14]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Up to 5 bottles 9 13.40 39.70% 47.47% 25.28%

Between 6 and 10 

bottles 5 2.96 8.78% 10.50% 15.52%

Between 11 and 15 

bottles 10 9.86 29.21% 34.93% 24.14%

106
Between 16 and 20 

bottles 3 2.01 5.94% 7.10% 13.00%

Between 21 and 25 

bottles 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between 26 and 30 

bottles 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

31 or more bottles 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known 

responses 27 28.23 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 4.41 13.08% NA NA

Blank 2 1.11 3.30% NA NA

Total 31 33.76 100.00% NA NA

Question 16. What material are wine bottles typically made from? [Cheater question;

responses not shown because only correct responses were retained for analysis]

Question 17. How many stand-alone freezers are plugged in at your home right now?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 1992 2067.02 68.67% 68.69% 2.23%

1 924 845.81 28.10% 28.11% 2.16%

2 79 86.35 2.87% 2.87% 0.80%

3 11 10.10 0.34% 0.34% 0.28%

4 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

5 or more 1 0.06 0.00% 0.00% 0.02%

Total of known 

responses 3007 3009.35 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 0.24 0.01% NA NA

Blank 2 0.41 0.01% NA NA

Total 3010 3010.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 18. Do you have a freezer with a separate section or compartment designed 

specifically for storing wine at a temperature higher than 39°F (4°C)? [Filtered on those 

not responding “None” or Blank to Question 17]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 31 22.38 2.37% 2.42% 1.13%

No 956 900.85 95.57% 97.58% 1.13%

Total of known 

responses 987 923.24 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 25 14.14 1.50% NA NA

107
Blank 4 5.19 0.55% NA NA

Total 1016 942.57 100.00% NA NA

Question 19. How many full-sized (750 mL) bottles of wine is this freezer’s wine storage 

section able to hold? [Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 18]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Up to 5 bottles 5 1.60 7.16% 7.87% 16.05%

Between 6 and 10 

bottles 10 8.30 37.09% 40.75% 29.28%

Between 11 and 15 

bottles 6 3.66 16.36% 17.97% 22.88%

Between 16 and 20 

bottles 5 4.65 20.77% 22.82% 25.01%

Between 21 and 25 

bottles 1 1.55 6.92% 7.60% 15.79%

Between 26 and 30 

bottles 1 0.12 0.52% 0.57% 4.49%

31 or more bottles 1 0.49 2.20% 2.42% 9.16%

Total of known 

responses 29 20.37 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 1.40 6.27% NA NA

Blank 1 0.61 2.71% NA NA

Total 31 22.38 100.00% NA NA

Question 20. Do you have a freezer that can operate on either AC or DC electricity?

[Filtered on those not responding “None” or Blank to Question 17]

Response

Total responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 167 143.20 15.19% 2.81%

No 597 587.63 62.34% 3.80%

Don't 

know 246 204.66 21.71% 3.23%

Blank 6 7.08 0.75% 0.68%

Total 1016 942.57 100.00%

Question 21. Do you have a freezer that uses thermoelectric or absorption cooling 

technology to provide cooling? [Filtered on those not responding “None” or Blank to 

Question 17]

Response Total responses Known responses

108
Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 47 44.11 4.68% 6.50% 2.12%

No 628 634.03 67.27% 93.50% 2.12%

Total of known 

responses 675 678.13 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 339 263.57 27.96% NA NA

Blank 2 0.86 0.09% NA NA

Total 1016 942.57 100.00% NA NA

Question 22. What is the brand of this freezer? [Responses not shown; see Section 3.3.2 

for validation of brand/model numbers]

Question 23. Please enter the brand name of this freezer [Responses not shown; see 

Section 3.3.2 for validation of brand/model numbers]

Question 24. What is the full model number of this freezer? [Responses not shown; see 

Section 3.3.2 for validation of brand/model numbers]

Question 25. Please indicate which cooling technology this freezer uses [Filtered on those 

responding “Yes” to Question 21]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Thermoelectric 24 27.19 61.64% 71.63% 16.40%

Absorption cooling 13 10.77 24.41% 28.37% 16.40%

Total of known 

responses 37 37.96 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 9 5.52 12.51% NA NA

Blank 1 0.63 1.44% NA NA

Total 47 44.11 100.00% NA NA

Question 26. Can your absorption cooling freezer operate with propane as well as 

electricity? [Filtered on those responding “Absorption cooling” to Question 25]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 2 6.15 57.14% 70.15% 34.63%

No 7 2.62 24.32% 29.85% 34.63%

Total of known 

responses 9 8.77 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 4 2.00 18.54% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

109
Total 13 10.77 100.00% NA NA

Question 27. Please estimate the total capacity of this thermoelectric or absorption cooling 

freezer [Responses not shown, due to incorrect metric conversions]

Question 28. Does this thermoelectric or absorption cooling freezer have a separate section 

or compartment designed specifically for storing wine at a warmer temperature? [Filtered 

on those responding “Yes” to Question 21]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 8 1.88 4.27% 5.28% 8.40%

No 34 33.78 76.59% 94.72% 8.40%

Total of known 

responses 42 35.67 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 4 4.15 9.42% NA NA

Blank 1 4.29 9.72% NA NA

Total 47 44.11 100.00% NA NA

Question 29. How many full-sized (750 mL) bottles of wine is this freezer’s wine storage 

section able to hold? [Filtered on those answering “Yes” to Question 28. Responses not 

shown, due to insufficient number of responses (<10)]

Question 30. How many bottles of wine are there in a dozen? [Cheater question; 

responses not shown because only correct responses were retained in the analysis]

Question 31. How many stand-alone, wine/beverage coolers are plugged in at your home 

right now?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 2623 2673.16 88.81% 88.86% 1.51%

1 365 323.44 10.75% 10.75% 1.49%

2 15 9.87 0.33% 0.33% 0.28%

3 2 1.24 0.04% 0.04% 0.10%

4 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

5 or more 1 0.60 0.02% 0.02% 0.07%

Total of known 

responses 3006 3008.30 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 3 1.46 0.05% NA NA

Blank 1 0.23 0.01% NA NA

Total 3010 3010.00 100.00% NA NA

110
Question 32. Do you have a wine/beverage cooler that can operate on either AC or DC 

electricity? [Filtered on those not answering “None” or Blank to Question 31]

Response

Total responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 99 70.25 20.87% 5.17%

No 192 192.89 57.30% 6.29%

Don't know 91 70.74 21.01% 5.18%

Blank 4 2.74 0.81% 1.14%

Total 386 336.61 100.00%

Question 33. Do you have a wine/beverage cooler that uses thermoelectric or absorption 

cooling technology to provide cooling? [Filtered on those not answering “None” or 

Blank to Question 31]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 88 88.70 26.35% 37.37% 7.04%

No 166 148.63 44.16% 62.63% 7.04%

Total of known 

responses 254 237.33 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 129 96.15 28.56% NA NA

Blank 3 3.13 0.93% NA NA

Total 386 336.61 100.00% NA NA

Question 34. Please indicate which cooling technology this wine/beverage cooler uses

[Filtered on those answering “Yes” to Question 33]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Thermoelectric 63 70.31 79.27% 85.76% 8.65%

Absorption cooling 19 11.67 13.16% 14.24% 8.65%

Total of known 

responses 82 81.99 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 5 6.36 7.17% NA NA

Blank 1 0.36 0.40% NA NA

Total 88 88.70 100.00% NA NA

Question 35. Can your absorption cooling wine/beverage cooler operate with propane as 

well as electricity? [Filtered on those answering “Absorption cooling” to Question 34]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

111
Yes 5 5.33 45.66% 49.00% 33.97%

No 13 5.55 47.52% 51.00% 33.97%

Total of known 

responses 18 10.88 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 0.80 6.82% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 19 11.67 100.00% NA NA

Question 36. How many stand-alone icemakers are plugged in at your home right now?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 2896 2927.89 97.27% 97.53% 0.75%

1 98 73.16 2.43% 2.44% 0.74%

2 4 0.68 0.02% 0.02% 0.07%

3 2 0.34 0.01% 0.01% 0.05%

4 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

5 or more 1 0.06 0.00% 0.00% 0.02%

Total of known 

responses 3001 3002.14 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 3 0.85 0.03% NA NA

Blank 6 7.02 0.23% NA NA

Total 3010 3010.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 37. How many pounds of ice can your stand-alone icemaker make per day?

[Filtered on those not answering “None” or Blank to Question 36]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 10 pounds 

per day 42 29.61 39.43% 45.11% 16.21%

Between 10 and 19 

pounds per day 30 21.98 29.27% 33.49% 15.37%

Between 20 and 29 

pounds per day 11 10.89 14.50% 16.59% 12.11%

Between 30 and 49 

pounds per day 4 3.06 4.08% 4.66% 6.87%

Between 50 and 79 

pounds per day 1 0.10 0.13% 0.15% 1.26%

At least 80 pounds per 

day 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known 88 65.63 NA 100.00% NA

112
responses

Don't know 18 9.17 12.22% NA NA

Blank 2 0.29 0.39% NA NA

Total 108 75.09 100.00% NA NA

Question 38. Who is the current president of the U.S.? [Cheater question; responses not 

shown because only correct responses were retained in the analysis]

Question 39. What is your zip code? [Responses have been binned by U.S. Census region 

to simplify analysis]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

New England 169 146.00 4.85% 4.85% 1.10%

Middle Atlantic 395 403.64 13.41% 13.41% 1.74%

East North Central 484 472.99 15.71% 15.72% 1.86%

West North Central 201 213.64 7.10% 7.10% 1.31%

South Atlantic 623 634.04 21.06% 21.07% 2.09%

East South Central 152 187.68 6.24% 6.24% 1.24%

West South Central 286 338.34 11.24% 11.24% 1.62%

Mountain North 113 103.87 3.45% 3.45% 0.93%

Mountain South 96 60.32 2.00% 2.00% 0.72%

Pacific 490 448.86 14.91% 14.92% 1.82%

Total of known 

responses 3009 3009.38 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 0.62 0.02% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 3010 3010.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 40. What is your gender?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Female 1638 1725.04 57.31% 57.91% 2.03%

Male 1337 1253.67 41.65% 42.09% 2.03%

Total of known 

responses 2975 2978.72 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 23 24.89 0.83% NA NA

Blank 12 6.39 0.21% NA NA

Total 3010 3010.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 41. Are you Hispanic or Latino?

113
Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 178 349.76 11.62% 11.81% 1.33%

No 2781 2611.75 86.77% 88.19% 1.33%

Total of known 

responses 2959 2961.51 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 37 33.48 1.11% NA NA

Blank 14 15.02 0.50% NA NA

Total 3010 3010.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 42. What is your race? [Responses have been binned to simplify analysis]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

White or Caucasian 2291 2237.46 74.33% 75.87% 1.97%

Black or African 

American 332 401.97 13.35% 13.63% 1.58%

Asian 111 91.01 3.02% 3.09% 0.80%

Other 221 218.68 7.27% 7.42% 1.21%

Total of known 

responses 2955 2949.12 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 47 51.89 1.72% NA NA

Blank 8 8.99 0.30% NA NA

Total 3010 3010.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 43. What is your highest education level?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

No Education 36 41.62 1.38% 1.39% 0.58%

High school diploma or 

GED 518 727.08 24.16% 24.37% 2.11%

Some college, no degree 966 824.08 27.38% 27.62% 2.20%

Associate Degree 270 278.40 9.25% 9.33% 1.43%

Bachelor Degree 849 758.98 25.22% 25.44% 2.14%

Master Degree 271 267.17 8.88% 8.95% 1.41%

PhD or Professional 

Degree 75 86.51 2.87% 2.90% 0.83%

Total of known responses 2985 2983.85 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 19 19.62 0.65% NA NA

Blank 6 6.53 0.22% NA NA

114
Total 3010 3010.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 44. How many people live in your home for most of the year (including you)?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

0 1 2.29 0.08% 0.08% 0.14%

1 302 819.29 27.22% 27.29% 2.31%

2 848 948.35 31.51% 31.58% 2.41%

3 716 478.96 15.91% 15.95% 1.90%

4 604 416.70 13.84% 13.88% 1.79%

5 345 212.45 7.06% 7.08% 1.33%

6 131 91.57 3.04% 3.05% 0.89%

7 37 23.90 0.79% 0.80% 0.46%

8 20 7.71 0.26% 0.26% 0.26%

9 4 1.33 0.04% 0.04% 0.11%

10 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known 

responses 3008 3002.55 NA 100.00% NA

Blank 2 7.45 0.25% NA NA

Total 3010 3010.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 45. Of the people you included in the total for Question 44, how many people are 

in the following age categories? [Responses have been binned to simplify analysis. Note 

that sum of responses is greater than the total number of responses, because each 

responses may indicate more than one age category applies.]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

19 and under 1385 1150.12 38.21% 2.21%

20 to 29 1735 734.03 24.39% 1.95%

30 to 59 2053 2324.22 77.22% 1.91%

60 and over 736 793.89 26.38% 2.01%

Question 46. What is your combined annual household income?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

$0-$19,999 336 459.64 15.27% 16.24% 1.83%

$20,000-$39,999 672 688.11 22.86% 24.31% 2.13%

$40,000-$59,999 629 645.49 21.44% 22.80% 2.08%

$60,000-$79,999 444 407.59 13.54% 14.40% 1.74%

115
$80,000-$99,999 287 244.11 8.11% 8.62% 1.39%

$100,000 and more 459 386.15 12.83% 13.64% 1.70%

Total of known responses 2827 2831.08 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know/Decline to 

state 183 178.92 5.94% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 3010 3010.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 47. What type of home do you live in most of the year?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

dormitory 57 56.80 1.89% 1.89% 0.66%

multi-family apartment 

building 658 659.49 21.91% 21.98% 1.99%

mobile or manufactured 

home 100 146.45 4.87% 4.88% 1.04%

single-family house 2090 2024.87 67.27% 67.49% 2.26%

something else 94 110.76 3.68% 3.69% 0.91%

don't know 2 2.06 0.07% 0.07% 0.13%

Total of known responses 3001 3000.42 NA 100.00% NA

Blank 9 9.58 0.32% NA NA

Total 3010 3010.00 100.00% NA NA

A.1.2 RP3 survey

Question 1. How many refrigerators are plugged in at your home right now?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 14 18.93 0.49% 0.49% 0.30%

1 2826 3067.83 79.68% 79.83% 1.71%

2 864 667.29 17.33% 17.36% 1.61%

3 116 75.38 1.96% 1.96% 0.59%

4 20 9.98 0.26% 0.26% 0.22%

5 or more 3 3.70 0.10% 0.10% 0.13%

Total of known responses 3843 3843.12 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 0.65 0.02% NA NA

Blank 6 6.23 0.16% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 2. How many freezers are plugged in at your home right now?

116
Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 2056 2249.95 58.44% 58.56% 2.10%

1 1545 1405.70 36.51% 36.59% 2.05%

2 211 164.31 4.27% 4.28% 0.86%

3 23 18.16 0.47% 0.47% 0.29%

4 3 2.10 0.05% 0.05% 0.10%

5 or more 2 1.93 0.05% 0.05% 0.10%

Total of known responses 3840 3842.16 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 5 4.54 0.12% NA NA

Blank 5 3.30 0.09% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 3. How many stand-alone icemakers are plugged in at your home right now?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 3446 3538.85 91.92% 92.37% 1.13%

1 379 284.11 7.38% 7.42% 1.12%

2 15 5.95 0.15% 0.16% 0.17%

3 2 1.41 0.04% 0.04% 0.08%

4 1 0.54 0.01% 0.01% 0.05%

5 or more 1 0.25 0.01% 0.01% 0.03%

Total of known responses 3844 3831.11 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 11.69 0.30% NA NA

Blank 4 7.20 0.19% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 4. How many wine/beverage coolers are plugged in at your home right now?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 3346 3489.60 90.64% 90.92% 1.22%

1 475 325.07 8.44% 8.47% 1.19%

2 21 20.17 0.52% 0.53% 0.31%

3 3 2.29 0.06% 0.06% 0.10%

4 2 0.59 0.02% 0.02% 0.05%

5 or more 1 0.58 0.02% 0.02% 0.05%

Total of known responses 3848 3838.31 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 11.69 0.30% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

117
Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 5. How many refrigerators are plugged in at your home right now that use 

thermoelectric or absorption cooling technology to provide cooling?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 2537 2790.69 72.49% 80.05% 1.79%

1 782 605.31 15.72% 17.36% 1.69%

2 106 75.23 1.95% 2.16% 0.65%

3 13 11.34 0.29% 0.33% 0.25%

4 1 2.06 0.05% 0.06% 0.11%

5 or more 2 1.67 0.04% 0.05% 0.10%

Total of known responses 3441 3486.30 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 404 359.77 9.34% NA NA

Blank 5 3.93 0.10% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 6. How many freezers are plugged in at your home right now that use 

thermoelectric or absorption cooling technology to provide cooling?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 3125 3251.29 84.45% 90.59% 1.29%

1 383 291.77 7.58% 8.13% 1.20%

2 45 41.61 1.08% 1.16% 0.47%

3 5 4.35 0.11% 0.12% 0.15%

4 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

5 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 3558 3589.03 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 279 253.12 6.57% NA NA

Blank 13 7.85 0.20% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 7. What are ice cubes typically made from? [Cheater question; responses not 

shown because only correct responses were retained in the analysis]

Question 8. What is your five-digit ZIP code? [Responses have been binned by U.S. 

Census region]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

118
New England 187 180.15 4.68% 4.71% 0.96%

Middle Atlantic 530 515.82 13.40% 13.47% 1.55%

East North Central 683 604.60 15.70% 15.79% 1.65%

West North Central 253 273.26 7.10% 7.14% 1.17%

South Atlantic 792 810.98 21.06% 21.18% 1.85%

East South Central 193 240.06 6.24% 6.27% 1.10%

West South Central 307 432.16 11.22% 11.29% 1.44%

Mountain North 128 132.68 3.45% 3.47% 0.83%

Mountain South 119 77.15 2.00% 2.02% 0.64%

Pacific 625 561.58 14.59% 14.67% 1.61%

Total of known responses 3817 3828.45 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 33 21.55 0.56% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 9. What is your gender?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Female 1830 2032.07 52.78% 53.10% 1.81%

Male 1994 1795.14 46.63% 46.90% 1.81%

Total of known responses 3824 3827.21 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 19 15.69 0.41% NA NA

Blank 7 7.10 0.18% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 10. Are you Hispanic or Latino?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 222 458.46 11.91% 12.07% 1.18%

No 3568 3340.50 86.77% 87.93% 1.18%

Total of known responses 3790 3798.95 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 53 46.83 1.22% NA NA

Blank 7 4.22 0.11% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 11. What is your race? [Responses have been binned to simplify analysis]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

White or Caucasian 2804 2785.65 72.35% 73.28% 1.79%

119
Black/African-American 516 530.74 13.79% 13.96% 1.40%

Asian 233 133.10 3.46% 3.50% 0.74%

Other 244 352.04 9.14% 9.26% 1.17%

Total of known responses 3797 3801.53 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 47 42.47 1.10% NA NA

Blank 6 6.00 0.16% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 12. What is your highest education level?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

No Education 54 61.40 1.59% 1.61% 0.55%

High school diploma or GED 864 1125.71 29.24% 29.54% 1.99%

Some college, no degree 1094 1020.52 26.51% 26.78% 1.93%

Associate Degree 351 330.56 8.59% 8.67% 1.23%

Bachelor Degree 1069 886.97 23.04% 23.27% 1.84%

Master Degree 288 289.36 7.52% 7.59% 1.15%

PhD or Professional Degree 102 96.70 2.51% 2.54% 0.69%

Total of known responses 3822 3811.23 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 16 20.74 0.54% NA NA

Blank 12 18.03 0.47% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 13. How many people live in your home for most of the year (including you)?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

1 482 1060.01 27.53% 27.54% 2.02%

2 1043 1213.00 31.51% 31.51% 2.10%

3 897 612.62 15.91% 15.91% 1.65%

4 773 532.99 13.84% 13.85% 1.56%

5 412 273.90 7.11% 7.12% 1.16%

6 164 106.93 2.78% 2.78% 0.74%

7 46 32.69 0.85% 0.85% 0.42%

8 23 11.57 0.30% 0.30% 0.25%

9 9 5.91 0.15% 0.15% 0.18%

10 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 3849 3849.61 NA 100.00% NA

Doesn't apply 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Don't know/Decline to state 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Blank 1 0.39 0.01% NA NA

120
Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 14. Of the people you included in the total for Question 13, how many are in the 

following age categories (please fill in the number of people for all applicable categories)

[Responses have been binned to simplify analysis]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

19 and under 1730 1511.63 39.26% 1.97%

20 to 29 2202 980.02 25.46% 1.75%

30 to 59 2450 2887.75 75.01% 1.74%

60 and over 916 910.55 23.65% 1.71%

Question 15. What is your combined annual household income?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

$0-$19,999 441 631.14 16.39% 17.31% 1.65%

$20,000-$39,999 851 958.40 24.89% 26.29% 1.92%

$40,000-$59,000 895 786.10 20.42% 21.56% 1.80%

$60,000-$79,999 568 499.78 12.98% 13.71% 1.50%

$80,000-$99,999 349 305.32 7.93% 8.38% 1.21%

$100,000 and more 540 464.85 12.07% 12.75% 1.46%

Total of known responses 3644 3645.61 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know/Decline to state 204 202.33 5.26% NA NA

Blank 2 2.06 0.05% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 16. What type of home do you live in most of the year?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

a Dormitory 33 43.19 1.12% 1.13% 0.46%

an Apartment building with 5 or 

more units 593 678.54 17.62% 17.69% 1.66%

an Apartment building with 2-4 

units 315 311.34 8.09% 8.12% 1.19%

a Mobile home 110 151.63 3.94% 3.95% 0.85%

a Single-family attached house (a 

house attached to one or more 

houses) 470 413.17 10.73% 10.77% 1.35%

a Single-family detached house (a 2258 2152.46 55.91% 56.11% 2.16%

121
house detached from any other 

house)

Something else 58 86.05 2.23% 2.24% 0.64%

Total of known responses 3837 3836.39 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 5 3.95 0.10% NA NA

Blank 8 9.66 0.25% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 17. Is this home owned or rented?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Owned or being bought by 

someone in your household 2191 2210.28 57.41% 57.61% 1.91%

Rented 1611 1584.79 41.16% 41.31% 1.90%

Occupied without payment of rent 37 41.69 1.08% 1.09% 0.40%

Total of known responses 3839 3836.77 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 8 9.19 0.24% NA NA

Blank 3 4.04 0.10% NA NA

Total 3850 3850.00 100.00% NA NA

122
A.1.3 WC1 survey

Question 1. How many wine/beverage coolers do you have plugged in at your home right 

now?

Response

Total responses* Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

1 1924 1950.02 90.74% 90.74% 1.61%

2 174 156.89 7.30% 7.30% 1.45%

3 25 18.21 0.85% 0.85% 0.51%

4 or more 26 23.88 1.11% 1.11% 0.58%

Total of known 

responses 2149 2149.00 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

* Eleven responses were removed from consideration in the survey: six “None,” two “Don’t 

know,” and three Blank.

Question 2. What do you primarily use this largest capacity wine/beverage cooler for?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Wine 1194 1276.28 59.39% 59.55% 2.54%

Beer or soda 913 814.26 37.89% 37.99% 2.51%

Something else 39 52.62 2.45% 2.46% 0.80%

Total of known 

responses 2146 2143.15 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 0.67 0.03% NA NA

Blank 2 5.18 0.24% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 3. What is the maximum number of full-sized (750 mL) bottles of wine that this 

wine/beverage cooler can hold? [Filtered on those responding “Wine” to Question 2]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

1-11 bottles 420 431.96 33.85% 34.95% 3.71%

12-19 bottles 377 425.35 33.33% 34.42% 3.70%

20-29 bottles 218 226.56 17.75% 18.33% 3.01%

30-39 bottles 74 81.16 6.36% 6.57% 1.93%

123
40-49 bottles 31 31.68 2.48% 2.56% 1.23%

50-59 bottles 20 25.29 1.98% 2.05% 1.10%

60-89 bottles 4 2.23 0.17% 0.18% 0.33%

90+ bottles 10 11.60 0.91% 0.94% 0.75%

Total of known 

responses 1154 1235.84 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 7 5.24 0.41% NA NA

Blank 33 35.20 2.76% NA NA

Total 1194 1276.28 100.00% NA NA

Question 4. What is the maximum number of 12 oz. cans or bottles of beer or soda that this 

wine/beverage cooler can hold? [Filtered on those responding “Beer or soda” to 

Question 3]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

1-11 bottles 52 58.33 7.16% 7.71% 2.65%

12-19 bottles 184 161.28 19.81% 21.32% 4.07%

20-29 bottles 234 184.19 22.62% 24.34% 4.27%

30-39 bottles 131 114.72 14.09% 15.16% 3.57%

40-49 bottles 92 93.70 11.51% 12.38% 3.27%

50-59 bottles 48 37.32 4.58% 4.93% 2.15%

60-89 bottles 45 53.01 6.51% 7.01% 2.54%

90+ bottles 45 54.05 6.64% 7.14% 2.56%

Total of known 

responses 831 756.60 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 21 15.07 1.85% NA NA

Blank 61 42.59 5.23% NA NA

Total 913 814.26 100.00% NA NA

Question 5. How frequently do you open the door to this wine/beverage cooler?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

10 or more times per 

day 56 43.23 2.01% 2.05% 0.87%

5-9 times per day 147 142.76 6.64% 6.77% 1.54%

3-4 times per day 357 336.66 15.67% 15.96% 2.24%

Twice per day 296 269.18 12.53% 12.76% 2.04%

Once per day 202 257.01 11.96% 12.19% 2.00%

4-6 times per week 293 278.42 12.96% 13.20% 2.07%

2-3 times per week 397 402.75 18.74% 19.10% 2.40%

124
Once per week 180 177.75 8.27% 8.43% 1.70%

2-3 times per month 127 121.37 5.65% 5.76% 1.42%

Once per month or less 60 79.70 3.71% 3.78% 1.17%

Total of known 

responses 2115 2108.84 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 8 4.89 0.23% NA NA

Blank 26 35.27 1.64% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 6. How many separate temperature zones does this wine/beverage cooler have?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

One temperature zone 1146 1134.70 52.80% 57.27% 2.78%

Two temperature zones 613 638.40 29.71% 32.22% 2.62%

Three temperature zones 155 138.92 6.46% 7.01% 1.43%

Four or more temperature 

zones 63 69.42 3.23% 3.50% 1.03%

Total of known responses 1977 1981.44 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 165 162.14 7.54% NA NA

Blank 7 5.42 0.25% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 7. Is the door of this wine/beverage cooler transparent, or solid/opaque?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Transparent 1329 1394.30 64.88% 65.13% 2.31%

Solid/opaque 806 746.46 34.74% 34.87% 2.31%

Total of known 

responses 2135 2140.75 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 7 2.49 0.12% NA NA

Blank 7 5.76 0.27% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 8. What material are wine bottles typically made from? [Cheater question; 

responses not shown because only correct responses were retained in the analysis]

Question 9. Is this wine/beverage cooler built into cabinetry, or is it freestanding?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

125
Built-in 302 327.29 15.23% 15.41% 1.76%

Freestanding 1828 1796.93 83.62% 84.59% 1.76%

Total of known 

responses 2130 2124.23 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 7 3.73 0.17% NA NA

Blank 12 21.04 0.98% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 10. Does this wine/beverage cooler fit under a standard counter height of 36 

inches?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 1633 1641.93 76.40% 83.35% 1.88%

No 345 327.92 15.26% 16.65% 1.88%

Total of known 

responses 1978 1969.85 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 163 169.32 7.88% NA NA

Blank 8 9.84 0.46% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 11. What type of cooling technology does this wine/beverage cooler use?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Vapor compression 459 441.83 20.56% 38.55% 3.44%

Thermoelectric cooling 583 646.81 30.10% 56.43% 3.51%

Absorption cooling 75 57.49 2.68% 5.02% 1.54%

Total of known 

responses 1117 1146.13 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1027 996.42 46.37% NA NA

Blank 5 6.46 0.30% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 12. In which room is this wine/beverage cooler located?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Kitchen/pantry 956 932.32 43.38% 43.62% 2.89%

Dining room 237 231.74 10.78% 10.84% 1.81%

Home bar/entertainment 

room 581 586.52 27.29% 27.44% 2.60%

126
Climate-controlled garage, 

basement or storage space 207 217.31 10.11% 10.17% 1.76%

Another climate-controlled 

room in your home 66 56.14 2.61% 2.63% 0.93%

Enclosed space that is not 

climate-controlled (such as 

an unheated basement or 

storage shed) 67 77.90 3.63% 3.65% 1.09%

Outside location 30 35.32 1.64% 1.65% 0.74%

Total of known responses 2144 2137.24 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 0.15 0.01% NA NA

Blank 4 11.61 0.54% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 13. Did you (or the homeowner) purchase this wine/beverage cooler new?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 1281 1354.94 63.05% 65.75% 2.34%

No 755 705.90 32.85% 34.25% 2.34%

Total of known 

responses 2036 2060.84 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 105 75.11 3.50% NA NA

Blank 8 13.05 0.61% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 14. How much did you (or the homeowner) pay for this new wine/beverage 

cooler (not including tax or rebates)? [Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 

13]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Up to $25 3 12.63 0.93% 0.99% 0.86%

Between $26 and $50 19 20.32 1.50% 1.59% 1.08%

Between $51 and $75 57 51.02 3.77% 4.00% 1.69%

Between $76 and $100 105 119.92 8.85% 9.40% 2.52%

Between $101 and $125 151 138.36 10.21% 10.84% 2.69%

Between $126 and $150 121 127.41 9.40% 9.98% 2.59%

Between $151 and $200 161 142.74 10.53% 11.18% 2.73%

Between $201 and $250 126 140.35 10.36% 11.00% 2.71%

Between $251 and $300 102 110.13 8.13% 8.63% 2.43%

Between $301 and $350 87 103.60 7.65% 8.12% 2.36%

127
Between $351 and $400 41 46.59 3.44% 3.65% 1.62%

Between $401 and $500 50 49.93 3.68% 3.91% 1.68%

Between $501 and $600 33 38.43 2.84% 3.01% 1.48%

Between $601 and $700 28 31.54 2.33% 2.47% 1.34%

Between $701 and $800 16 24.57 1.81% 1.92% 1.19%

Between $801 and 

$1,000 26 36.25 2.68% 2.84% 1.44%

Between $1,001 and 

$1,200 21 36.84 2.72% 2.89% 1.45%

Between $1,201 and 

$1,400 9 5.19 0.38% 0.41% 0.55%

Between $1,601 and 

$1,800 12 9.63 0.71% 0.75% 0.75%

Between $1,801 and 

$2,000 4 5.21 0.38% 0.41% 0.55%

Between $2,001 and 

$2,500 12 14.32 1.06% 1.12% 0.91%

Between $2,501 and 

$3,000 4 2.23 0.16% 0.17% 0.36%

Between $3,001 and 

$3,500 3 3.43 0.25% 0.27% 0.45%

Between $3,501 and 

$4,000 2 0.37 0.03% 0.03% 0.15%

$4001 or more 5 5.42 0.40% 0.42% 0.56%

Total of known responses 1198 1276.43 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 72 63.29 4.67% NA NA

Blank 11 15.22 1.12% NA NA

Total 1281 1354.94 100.00% NA NA

Question 15. If you (or the homeowner) received any kind of rebate, how much was it? 

[Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 13]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

No rebate 1105 1166.23 86.07% 91.95% 2.27%

Up to $10 12 14.49 1.07% 1.14% 0.89%

Between $11 and $20 14 10.41 0.77% 0.82% 0.75%

Between $21 and $30 11 8.26 0.61% 0.65% 0.67%

Between $31 and $40 6 3.59 0.27% 0.28% 0.44%

Between $41 and $50 20 33.60 2.48% 2.65% 1.34%

Between $51 and $60 6 4.27 0.32% 0.34% 0.48%

Between $61 and $80 3 2.25 0.17% 0.18% 0.35%

128
Between $81 and $100 5 7.52 0.55% 0.59% 0.64%

Between $101 and 

$125 7 4.85 0.36% 0.38% 0.52%

Between $126 and 

$150 1 5.73 0.42% 0.45% 0.56%

Between $151 and 

$200 1 0.54 0.04% 0.04% 0.17%

Between $201 and 

$250 4 6.11 0.45% 0.48% 0.58%

Between $251 and 

$300 1 0.30 0.02% 0.02% 0.13%

Between $301 and 

$400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and 

$500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 1 0.14 0.01% 0.01% 0.09%

Total of known 

responses 1197 1268.29 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 67 68.77 5.08% NA NA

Blank 17 17.88 1.32% NA NA

Total 1281 1354.94 100.00% NA NA

Question 16. How long ago did you (or the homeowner) purchase this new wine/beverage 

cooler? [Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 13]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 1 year ago 288 300.82 22.20% 22.44% 3.20%

At least 1 but less than 2 years 

ago 335 330.03 24.36% 24.62% 3.30%

At least 2 but less than 3 years 

ago 313 311.04 22.96% 23.20% 3.24%

At least 3 but less than 4 years 

ago 142 168.50 12.44% 12.57% 2.54%

At least 4 but less than 5 years 

ago 75 103.24 7.62% 7.70% 2.04%

At least 5 but less than 6 years 

ago 48 47.87 3.53% 3.57% 1.42%

At least 6 but less than 8 years 

ago 32 45.83 3.38% 3.42% 1.39%

At least 8 but less than 10 

years ago 15 13.52 1.00% 1.01% 0.77%

At least 10 but less than 15 13 13.03 0.96% 0.97% 0.75%

129
years ago

At least 15 years ago or more 4 6.78 0.50% 0.51% 0.54%

Total of known responses 1265 1340.66 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 10 7.61 0.56% NA NA

Blank 6 6.66 0.49% NA NA

Total 1281 1354.94 100.00% NA NA

Question 16 again [Filtered on those not responding “The first one you (or the 

homeowner) have owned?” to Question 18]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 1 year ago 23 31.20 17.88% 18.06% 8.21%

At least 1 but less than 2 years 

ago 33 29.02 16.63% 16.80% 7.98%

At least 2 but less than 3 years 

ago 49 49.80 28.54% 28.82% 9.67%

At least 3 but less than 4 years 

ago 20 20.65 11.84% 11.95% 6.93%

At least 4 but less than 5 years 

ago 13 26.00 14.90% 15.04% 7.63%

At least 5 but less than 6 years 

ago 5 5.76 3.30% 3.33% 3.83%

At least 6 but less than 8 years 

ago 6 4.76 2.73% 2.76% 3.50%

At least 8 but less than 10 

years ago 1 0.60 0.35% 0.35% 1.26%

At least 10 but less than 15 

years ago 4 4.98 2.85% 2.88% 3.57%

At least 15 years ago or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 154 172.79 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 1.70 0.97% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 156 174.49 100.00% NA NA

Question 17. How many bottles of wine are there in a dozen? [Cheater question; 

responses not shown because only correct responses were retained in the analysis]

Question 18. Was this wine/beverage cooler...

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

The first one you (or the 1880 1853.19 86.24% 87.56% 1.79%

130
homeowner) have owned?

A replacement of the same type 

of wine/beverage cooler that 

you (or the homeowner) owned 

before? 84 91.71 4.27% 4.33% 1.11%

An upgrade to the 

wine/beverage cooler you (or 

the homeowner) owned before? 115 126.20 5.87% 5.96% 1.29%

An additional wine/beverage 

cooler to the one you (or the 

homeowner) still own? 39 45.42 2.11% 2.15% 0.79%

Total of known responses 2118 2116.53 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 25 23.70 1.10% NA NA

Blank 6 8.77 0.41% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 19. Does this wine/beverage cooler have internal lights?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 1311 1322.09 61.52% 62.75% 2.36%

No 806 784.97 36.53% 37.25% 2.36%

Total of known 

responses 2117 2107.06 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 29 35.61 1.66% NA NA

Blank 3 6.33 0.29% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 20. Are the lights operated automatically, or by a manual switch? [Filtered on 

those responding “Yes” to Question 19]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Automatic 1082 1016.27 76.87% 78.17% 2.57%

Manual switch 202 283.82 21.47% 21.83% 2.57%

Total of known 

responses 1284 1300.08 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 15 12.68 0.96% NA NA

Blank 12 9.32 0.71% NA NA

Total 1311 1322.09 100.00% NA NA

Question 21. When the door is closed, are the lights usually...? [Filtered on those 

responding “Yes” to Question 19]

131
Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Off 1170 1168.46 88.38% 89.88% 1.87%

On 114 131.55 9.95% 10.12% 1.87%

Total of known 

responses 1284 1300.01 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 18 17.33 1.31% NA NA

Blank 9 4.75 0.36% NA NA

Total 1311 1322.09 100.00% NA NA

Question 22. When you (or the homeowner) acquired this wine/beverage cooler, how 

much did it cost to have it installed?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; I installed it myself or 

someone installed it for free 1774 1808.12 84.14% 90.83% 1.92%

Up to $10 8 6.74 0.31% 0.34% 0.39%

Between $11 and $20 11 20.07 0.93% 1.01% 0.67%

Between $21 and $30 8 4.39 0.20% 0.22% 0.31%

Between $31 and $40 11 4.86 0.23% 0.24% 0.33%

Between $41 and $50 13 5.71 0.27% 0.29% 0.36%

Between $51 and $60 9 15.68 0.73% 0.79% 0.59%

Between $61 and $80 7 3.48 0.16% 0.18% 0.28%

Between $81 and $100 30 33.26 1.55% 1.67% 0.85%

Between $101 and $125 23 24.19 1.13% 1.22% 0.73%

Between $126 and $150 11 7.00 0.33% 0.35% 0.39%

Between $151 and $200 10 9.60 0.45% 0.48% 0.46%

Between $201 and $250 15 22.92 1.07% 1.15% 0.71%

Between $251 and $300 8 5.91 0.28% 0.30% 0.36%

Between $301 and $400 5 6.76 0.31% 0.34% 0.39%

Between $401 and $500 3 4.30 0.20% 0.22% 0.31%

$501 or more 8 7.61 0.35% 0.38% 0.41%

Total of known responses 1954 1990.60 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 187 154.09 7.17% NA NA

Blank 8 4.31 0.20% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 23. Has this wine/beverage cooler ever been repaired?

Response Total responses Known responses

132
Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 36 28.35 1.32% 1.38% 0.58%

No 2002 2026.55 94.30% 98.62% 0.58%

Total of known 

responses 2038 2054.90 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 102 76.46 3.56% NA NA

Blank 9 17.64 0.82% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 24. How much did it cost to repair? [Filtered on those responding “Yes” to 

Question 23]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; repaired for free or 

under warranty 13 9.27 32.69% 33.76% 26.85%

Up to $10 3 4.45 15.70% 16.22% 20.93%

Between $11 and $20 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $21 and $30 4 5.97 21.05% 21.74% 23.41%

Between $31 and $40 3 0.71 2.51% 2.60% 9.03%

Between $41 and $50 1 1.51 5.34% 5.52% 12.96%

Between $51 and $60 2 0.81 2.84% 2.93% 9.58%

Between $61 and $80 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $81 and $100 1 0.38 1.34% 1.39% 6.64%

Between $101 and $125 3 1.25 4.42% 4.57% 11.85%

Between $126 and $150 1 2.56 9.05% 9.35% 16.52%

Between $151 and $200 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $201 and $250 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $251 and $300 1 0.30 1.07% 1.10% 5.93%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 1 0.23 0.80% 0.83% 5.15%

Total of known responses 33 27.44 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 0.59 2.07% NA NA

Blank 1 0.32 1.11% NA NA

Total 36 28.35 100.00% NA NA

Question 25. How long after you (or the homeowner) purchased it was it repaired?

[Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 23]

Response Total responses Known responses

133
Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 1 year 12 14.16 49.96% 51.23% 26.69%

At least 1 but less than 2 

years 8 7.16 25.26% 25.91% 23.39%

At least 2 but less than 3 

years 4 1.07 3.78% 3.88% 10.31%

At least 3 but less than 4 

years 4 3.21 11.33% 11.62% 17.11%

At least 4 but less than 5 

years 3 0.97 3.41% 3.50% 9.81%

At least 5 but less than 6 

years 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 6 but less than 8 

years 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 8 but less than 10 

years 1 0.37 1.31% 1.34% 6.14%

At least 10 but less than 15 

years 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 15 years or more 1 0.70 2.47% 2.53% 8.39%

Total of known responses 33 27.64 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 0.39 1.36% NA NA

Blank 1 0.32 1.11% NA NA

Total 36 28.35 100.00% NA NA

Question 26. Which component was repaired? Please check all that apply [Filtered on 

those responding “Yes” to Question 23]

Response

Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Compressor 4 6.87 19.09% 14.70%

Evaporator 6 3.12 8.68% 17.44%

Condenser 3 2.30 6.40% 12.93%

Evaporator or condenser fan 4 2.74 7.62% 14.70%

Door gasket 8 6.92 19.22% 19.45%

Other door component 2 1.21 3.36% 10.72%

Insulation 4 3.96 11.00% 14.70%

Electronics 7 7.77 21.58% 18.52%

Lighting 9 10.01 27.81% 20.26%

Something else 3 0.53 1.46% 12.93%

134
Question 27. Do you (or the homeowner) ever perform routine maintenance on this 

wine/beverage cooler?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 251 263.85 12.28% 12.56% 1.62%

No 1838 1837.02 85.48% 87.44% 1.62%

Total of known 

responses 2089 2100.87 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 38 26.43 1.23% NA NA

Blank 22 21.70 1.01% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 28. How much is spent each year on routine maintenance of this wine/beverage 

cooler? [Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 27]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; I perform the maintenance 

myself or someone does it for free. 149 150.46 57.03% 57.27% 8.57%

Up to $10 per year 19 9.96 3.78% 3.79% 3.31%

Between $11 and $20 per year 27 31.67 12.00% 12.05% 5.64%

Between $21 and $30 per year 21 21.78 8.26% 8.29% 4.78%

Between $31 and $40 per year 3 20.17 7.64% 7.68% 4.61%

Between $41 and $50 per year 11 11.36 4.31% 4.32% 3.52%

Between $51 and $60 per year 7 10.11 3.83% 3.85% 3.33%

Between $61 and $80 per year 6 3.78 1.43% 1.44% 2.06%

Between $81 and $100 per year 2 2.66 1.01% 1.01% 1.73%

$101 or more per year 2 0.75 0.28% 0.28% 0.92%

Total of known responses 247 262.71 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 4 1.14 0.43% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 251 263.85 100.00% NA NA

Question 29. When do you (or the homeowner) plan to replace this wine/beverage cooler?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Do not plan to replace 1024 1021.19 47.52% 61.46% 3.39%

Less than 1 year from now 43 39.79 1.85% 2.40% 1.06%

At least 1 but less than 2 

years from now 111 109.08 5.08% 6.57% 1.72%

135
At least 2 but less than 3 

years from now 129 134.86 6.28% 8.12% 1.90%

At least 3 but less than 4 

years from now 114 101.17 4.71% 6.09% 1.66%

At least 4 but less than 5 

years from now 89 91.19 4.24% 5.49% 1.59%

At least 5 but less than 6 

years from now 87 105.95 4.93% 6.38% 1.70%

At least 6 but less than 8 

years from now 24 19.09 0.89% 1.15% 0.74%

At least 8 but less than 10 

years from now 9 8.61 0.40% 0.52% 0.50%

At least 10 but less than 15 

years from now 16 16.19 0.75% 0.97% 0.68%

At least 15 years from now 

or more 16 14.33 0.67% 0.86% 0.64%

Total of known responses 1662 1661.45 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 397 399.66 18.60% NA NA

Blank 90 87.88 4.09% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 30. What is the brand of this wine/beverage cooler? [Responses not shown; see 

Section 3.1.4 on validation]

Question 31. Please enter the brand name of this wine/beverage cooler [Responses not 

shown; see Section 3.1.4 on validation]

Question 32. What is the full model number of this wine/beverage cooler? [Responses not 

shown; see Section 3.1.4 on validation]

Question 33. Who is the current president of the U.S.? [Cheater question; responses not 

shown because only correct responses were retained in the analysis]

Question 34. What is your five digit zip code? [Responses have been binned by U.S. 

Census region to simplify analysis]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

New England 108 168.41 7.84% 7.91% 1.64%

Middle Atlantic 311 319.20 14.85% 14.99% 2.17%

East North Central 320 375.50 17.47% 17.63% 2.32%

West North Central 142 92.77 4.32% 4.36% 1.24%

South Atlantic 464 454.59 21.15% 21.34% 2.49%

136
East South Central 95 146.02 6.79% 6.86% 1.54%

West South Central 188 157.41 7.32% 7.39% 1.59%

Mountain North 67 94.17 4.38% 4.42% 1.25%

Mountain South 72 56.60 2.63% 2.66% 0.98%

Pacific 357 265.08 12.33% 12.45% 2.01%

Total of known 

responses 2124 2129.76 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 25 19.24 0.90% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 35. What is your gender?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Female 921 905.06 42.12% 42.90% 2.42%

Male 1200 1204.56 56.05% 57.10% 2.42%

Total of known 

responses 2121 2109.62 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 21 18.59 0.87% NA NA

Blank 7 20.79 0.97% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 36. Are you Hispanic or Latino?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 127 216.72 10.08% 10.35% 1.49%

No 1959 1876.89 87.34% 89.65% 1.49%

Total of known 

responses 2086 2093.61 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 50 42.52 1.98% NA NA

Blank 13 12.87 0.60% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 37. What is your race? [Responses have been binned to simplify analysis]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

White or Caucasian 1600 1472.46 68.52% 70.30% 2.49%

Black or African 

American 223 418.05 19.45% 19.96% 2.18%

137
Asian 97 66.25 3.08% 3.16% 0.96%

Other 163 137.70 6.41% 6.57% 1.35%

Total of known 

responses 2083 2094.45 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 56 47.07 2.19% NA NA

Blank 10 7.47 0.35% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 38. What is your highest education level?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

No Education 28 33.83 1.57% 1.58% 0.73%

High school diploma or 

GED 370 582.20 27.09% 27.24% 2.59%

Some college, no degree 619 438.98 20.43% 20.54% 2.35%

Associate Degree 198 154.42 7.19% 7.22% 1.51%

Bachelor Degree 639 607.94 28.29% 28.44% 2.62%

Master Degree 212 235.27 10.95% 11.01% 1.82%

PhD or Professional 

Degree 62 84.87 3.95% 3.97% 1.14%

Total of known responses 2128 2137.51 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 18 10.84 0.50% NA NA

Blank 3 0.65 0.03% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 39. How many people live in your home for most of the year (including you)?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

1 155 326.94 15.21% 15.23% 2.15%

2 649 671.63 31.25% 31.29% 2.78%

3 555 428.33 19.93% 19.96% 2.39%

4 467 453.83 21.12% 21.14% 2.44%

5 211 162.46 7.56% 7.57% 1.58%

6 74 72.89 3.39% 3.40% 1.08%

7 20 14.54 0.68% 0.68% 0.49%

8 11 11.46 0.53% 0.53% 0.44%

9 6 4.32 0.20% 0.20% 0.27%

Total of known responses 2148 2146.40 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know/Decline to 

state 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

138
Blank 1 2.60 0.12% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 40. Of the people you included in the total for Question 39, how many people are 

in the following age categories [Responses have been binned to simplify analysis]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

19 and under 952 935.41 43.53% 2.67%

20 to 29 1400 575.60 26.78% 2.39%

30 to 59 1355 1613.30 75.07% 2.33%

60 and over 351 676.80 31.49% 2.50%

Question 41. What is your combined annual household income?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

$0-$19,999 134 154.97 7.21% 7.62% 1.55%

$20,000-$39,999 370 426.35 19.84% 20.97% 2.38%

$40,000-$59,999 459 490.82 22.84% 24.14% 2.50%

$60,000-$79,999 328 251.14 11.69% 12.35% 1.93%

$80,000-$99,999 250 185.96 8.65% 9.15% 1.69%

$100,000 and more 460 523.70 24.37% 25.76% 2.56%

Total of known responses 2001 2032.93 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know/Decline to 

state 147 115.26 5.36% NA NA

Blank 1 0.81 0.04% NA NA

Total 2149 2149.00 100.00% NA NA

139
A.1.4 RI1 survey

Question 1. How many stand-alone icemakers are plugged in at your home right now?

Response

Total responses* Known responses

Unweighted

counts

Weighted

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

1 797 792.86 97.76% 97.76% 1.37%

2 12 13.78 1.70% 1.70% 1.20%

3 1 1.82 0.22% 0.22% 0.44%

4 1 2.54 0.31% 0.31% 0.52%

5 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 811 811.00 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

* Responses of “None,” “Don’t know” and Blank were removed prior to analysis.

Question 2. What is the brand of this stand-alone icemaker? [Responses not shown; see 

Section 3.2.2 on validation]

Question 3. Please enter the brand of the stand-alone icemaker [Responses not shown; 

see Section 3.2.2 on validation]

Question 4. What is the full model number of this icemaker? [Responses not shown; see 

Section 3.2.2 on validation]

Question 5. How many pounds of ice can your stand-alone icemaker make per day?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 5 pounds per day 173 195.01 24.05% 24.93% 4.23%

Between 5 and 9 pounds per day 42 50.24 6.19% 6.42% 2.40%

Between 10 and 14 pounds per 

day 66 75.53 9.31% 9.66% 2.89%

Between 15 and 19 pounds per 

day 20 13.29 1.64% 1.70% 1.26%

Between 20 and 29 pounds per 

day 266 260.21 32.08% 33.27% 4.61%

Between 30 and 49 pounds per 

day 132 121.96 15.04% 15.59% 3.55%

Between 50 and 79 pounds per 

day 68 65.27 8.05% 8.35% 2.70%

140
At least 80 pounds per day 1 0.59 0.07% 0.08% 0.27%

Total of known responses 768 782.10 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 43 28.90 3.56% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 6. Did you (or the homeowner) purchase this stand-alone icemaker new?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 445 452.67 55.82% 57.59% 3.95%

No 334 333.36 41.10% 42.41% 3.95%

Total of known responses 779 786.03 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 31 23.73 2.93% NA NA

Blank 1 1.23 0.15% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 7. How much did you (or the homeowner) pay for this new icemaker (not 

including tax or rebates)? [Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 6]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Up to $25 1 0.39 0.09% 0.09% 0.43%

Between $26 and $50 3 5.62 1.24% 1.26% 1.64%

Between $51 and $75 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $76 and $100 21 16.82 3.71% 3.76% 2.79%

Between $101 and $125 44 42.54 9.40% 9.52% 4.31%

Between $126 and $150 54 52.96 11.70% 11.85% 4.74%

Between $151 and $200 95 94.44 20.86% 21.13% 5.99%

Between $201 and $250 36 46.38 10.25% 10.38% 4.48%

Between $251 and $300 27 25.71 5.68% 5.75% 3.42%

Between $301 and $350 24 23.94 5.29% 5.36% 3.30%

Between $351 and $400 26 31.31 6.92% 7.01% 3.75%

Between $401 and $500 8 7.77 1.72% 1.74% 1.92%

Between $501 and $600 2 2.50 0.55% 0.56% 1.09%

Between $601 and $700 6 4.00 0.88% 0.89% 1.38%

Between $701 and $800 12 8.57 1.89% 1.92% 2.01%

Between $801 and $1,000 14 15.58 3.44% 3.49% 2.69%

Between $1,001 and $1,200 15 18.40 4.06% 4.12% 2.92%

Between $1,201 and $1,400 7 3.18 0.70% 0.71% 1.23%

Between $1,401 and $1,600 14 8.23 1.82% 1.84% 1.97%

Between $1,601 and $1,800 10 7.03 1.55% 1.57% 1.83%

141
Between $1,801 and $2,000 5 21.72 4.80% 4.86% 3.16%

Between $2,001 and $2,500 8 6.26 1.38% 1.40% 1.73%

Between $2,501 and $3,000 5 3.47 0.77% 0.78% 1.29%

Between $3,001 and $3,500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $3,501 and $4,000 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$4001 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 437 446.83 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 8 5.85 1.29% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 445 452.67 100.00% NA NA

Question 8. If you (or the homeowner) received any kind of rebate, how much was it?

[Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 6]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

No rebate 372 364.31 80.48% 83.28% 5.31%

Up to $10 8 8.66 1.91% 1.98% 1.98%

Between $11 and $20 6 13.54 2.99% 3.09% 2.46%

Between $21 and $30 4 1.67 0.37% 0.38% 0.88%

Between $31 and $40 2 0.81 0.18% 0.18% 0.61%

Between $41 and $50 6 8.62 1.90% 1.97% 1.98%

Between $51 and $60 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $61 and $80 3 1.33 0.29% 0.30% 0.78%

Between $81 and $100 11 24.29 5.37% 5.55% 3.26%

Between $101 and $125 2 0.68 0.15% 0.16% 0.56%

Between $126 and $150 2 0.78 0.17% 0.18% 0.60%

Between $151 and $200 3 10.07 2.22% 2.30% 2.13%

Between $201 and $250 2 1.11 0.24% 0.25% 0.71%

Between $251 and $300 1 0.18 0.04% 0.04% 0.29%

Between $301 and $400 1 0.67 0.15% 0.15% 0.56%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 2 0.75 0.17% 0.17% 0.59%

Total of known responses 425 437.46 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 18 13.85 3.06% NA NA

Blank 2 1.36 0.30% NA NA

Total 445 452.67 100.00% NA NA

Question 9. How long ago did you (or the homeowner) purchase this new icemaker?

[Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 6]

Response Total responses Known responses

142
Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 12 months ago 273 256.71 56.71% 57.46% 6.64%

At least 1 year but less than 2 

years ago 116 138.94 30.69% 31.10% 6.21%

At least 2 year but less than 3 

years ago 32 37.93 8.38% 8.49% 3.74%

At least 3 year but less than 4 

years ago 12 8.95 1.98% 2.00% 1.88%

At least 4 year but less than 5 

years ago 2 1.84 0.41% 0.41% 0.86%

At least 5 year but less than 6 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 6 year but less than 8 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 8 year but less than 10 

years ago 2 1.79 0.40% 0.40% 0.85%

At least 10 year but less than 

12 years ago 1 0.65 0.14% 0.14% 0.51%

At least 12 year but less than 

15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 438 446.80 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 6 5.30 1.17% NA NA

Blank 1 0.57 0.13% NA NA

Total 445 452.67 100.00% NA NA

Question 10. What are ice cubes typically made from? [Cheater question; responses not 

shown because only correct responses were retained in the analysis]

Question 11. When you (or the homeowner) acquired this icemaker, how much did it cost 

to have it installed?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; I installed it myself or 

someone installed it for free 667 682.33 84.13% 89.81% 3.26%

Up to $10 7 8.28 1.02% 1.09% 1.12%

Between $11 and $20 7 5.41 0.67% 0.71% 0.91%

Between $21 and $30 6 12.02 1.48% 1.58% 1.35%

Between $31 and $40 6 4.78 0.59% 0.63% 0.85%

Between $41 and $50 15 15.39 1.90% 2.03% 1.52%

Between $51 and $60 9 7.83 0.97% 1.03% 1.09%

143
Between $61 and $80 7 4.04 0.50% 0.53% 0.78%

Between $81 and $100 10 6.47 0.80% 0.85% 0.99%

Between $101 and $125 3 0.97 0.12% 0.13% 0.38%

Between $126 and $150 6 3.04 0.37% 0.40% 0.68%

Between $151 and $200 4 7.52 0.93% 0.99% 1.07%

Between $201 and $250 1 0.48 0.06% 0.06% 0.27%

Between $251 and $300 1 1.21 0.15% 0.16% 0.43%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 749 759.78 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 59 49.36 6.09% NA NA

Blank 3 1.86 0.23% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 12. Has this icemaker ever been repaired?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 27 26.09 3.22% 3.38% 1.46%

No 745 746.11 92.00% 96.62% 1.46%

Total of known responses 772 772.20 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 39 38.80 4.78% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 13. How much did it cost to repair? [Filtered on those responding “Yes” to 

Question 12]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; repaired for free or 

under warranty 6 3.89 14.89% 15.12% 21.02%

Up to $10 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $11 and $20 1 0.37 1.43% 1.45% 7.01%

Between $21 and $30 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $31 and $40 1 8.92 34.19% 34.72% 27.93%

Between $41 and $50 7 4.19 16.07% 16.31% 21.68%

Between $51 and $60 3 1.93 7.40% 7.51% 15.47%

Between $61 and $80 1 3.19 12.22% 12.41% 19.34%

Between $81 and $100 4 1.69 6.47% 6.57% 14.53%

Between $101 and $125 1 0.63 2.42% 2.45% 9.08%

144
Between $126 and $150 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $151 and $200 1 0.48 1.84% 1.87% 7.95%

Between $201 and $250 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $251 and $300 1 0.41 1.56% 1.58% 7.32%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 26 25.70 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 0.40 1.52% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 27 26.09 100.00% NA NA

Question 14. How long after you (or the homeowner) purchased it was it repaired? 

[Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 12. Note: response choices created 

an ambiguity as to whether the question was in fact asking HOW LONG AGO the unit 

was repaired. Therefore, we present both the data as recorded, as well as the 

difference in age between the response to this question and Question 9 (How long 

ago did you (or the homeowner) purchase this new icemaker?). See second table 

below.]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 12 months ago 11 13.40 51.37% 53.66% 28.31%

At least 1 year but less than 

2 years ago 10 9.77 37.45% 39.13% 27.71%

At least 2 year but less than 

3 years ago 1 0.46 1.75% 1.83% 7.61%

At least 3 year but less than 

4 years ago 1 0.86 3.31% 3.45% 10.37%

At least 4 year but less than 

5 years ago 1 0.48 1.84% 1.92% 7.80%

At least 5 year but less than 

6 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 6 year but less than 

8 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 8 year but less than 

10 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 10 year but less than 

12 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 12 year but less than 

15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 24 24.98 NA 100.00% NA

145
Don't know 2 0.44 1.68% NA NA

Blank 1 0.68 2.60% NA NA

Total 27 26.09 100.00% NA NA

Difference between response to Question 14 (How long after you (or the homeowner) 

purchased it was it repaired?) and Question 9 (How long ago did you (or the homeowner) 

purchase this new icemaker?) [Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 12].

Difference in age

Total responses

Unweighted 

counts

Unweighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

0 3 25.00% 31.22%

1 5 41.67% 35.55%

2 3 25.00% 31.22%

4.5 1 8.33% 19.93%

Total 12 100.00% NA

Question 15. Which component was repaired? Please check all that apply [Filtered on 

those responding “Yes” to Question 12]

Response

Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Compressor 7 12.10 44.82% 23.67%

Evaporator 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00%

Condenser 3 1.91 7.06% 16.98%

Fan 7 5.64 20.90% 23.67%

Door gasket 3 1.74 6.43% 16.98%

Other door component 2 1.23 4.55% 14.15%

Insulation 2 1.07 3.98% 14.15%

Electronics 2 1.65 6.12% 14.15%

Lighting 5 2.77 10.25% 20.98%

Something else 3 1.23 4.55% 16.98%

Question 16. Do you (or the homeowner) ever perform routine maintenance on this 

icemaker?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 257 270.13 33.31% 34.33% 3.79%

No 528 516.68 63.71% 65.67% 3.79%

Total of known responses 785 786.81 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 24 22.89 2.82% NA NA

Blank 2 1.30 0.16% NA NA

146
Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 17. How much is spent each year on routine maintenance of this icemaker?

[Filtered on those responding “Yes” to Question 16]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; I perform the 

maintenance myself or 

someone does it for free 160 178.88 66.22% 66.66% 8.56%

Up to $10 13 9.13 3.38% 3.40% 3.29%

Between $11 and $20 30 28.25 10.46% 10.53% 5.57%

Between $21 and $30 15 17.59 6.51% 6.56% 4.49%

Between $31 and $40 6 4.30 1.59% 1.60% 2.28%

Between $41 and $50 8 7.94 2.94% 2.96% 3.08%

Between $51 and $60 7 4.74 1.76% 1.77% 2.39%

Between $61 and $80 5 4.71 1.74% 1.75% 2.38%

Between $81 and $100 3 1.74 0.64% 0.65% 1.46%

Between $101 and $125 3 1.19 0.44% 0.44% 1.20%

Between $126 and $150 1 1.33 0.49% 0.49% 1.27%

Between $151 and $200 2 6.57 2.43% 2.45% 2.81%

Between $201 and $250 1 0.50 0.18% 0.18% 0.78%

Between $251 and $300 1 1.47 0.54% 0.55% 1.34%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 255 268.34 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 1.79 0.66% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 257 270.13 100.00% NA NA

Question 18. Who is the current president of the U.S.? [Cheater question; responses not 

shown because only correct responses were retained in the analysis]

Question 19. What is your five-digit ZIP code? [Responses have been binned by U.S. 

Census region to simplify analysis]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

New England 37 28.65 3.53% 3.54% 1.82%

Middle Atlantic 119 93.28 11.50% 11.53% 3.15%

East North Central 238 243.33 30.00% 30.07% 4.53%

147
West North Central 37 12.42 1.53% 1.54% 1.21%

South Atlantic 138 139.74 17.23% 17.27% 3.73%

East South Central 25 21.50 2.65% 2.66% 1.59%

West South Central 55 93.19 11.49% 11.52% 3.15%

Mountain North 18 38.94 4.80% 4.81% 2.11%

Mountain South 17 12.81 1.58% 1.58% 1.23%

Pacific 125 125.21 15.44% 15.48% 3.57%

Total of known responses 809 809.08 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 1.92 0.24% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 20. What is your gender?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Female 281 302.38 37.29% 37.33% 3.81%

Male 527 507.55 62.58% 62.67% 3.81%

Total of known responses 808 809.94 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 3 1.06 0.13% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 21. Are you Hispanic or Latino?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 48 132.88 16.38% 16.64% 2.95%

No 744 665.52 82.06% 83.36% 2.95%

Total of known responses 792 798.40 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 15 9.43 1.16% NA NA

Blank 4 3.17 0.39% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 22. What is your race? [Responses have been binned to simplify analysis]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

White or Caucasian 479 437.41 53.93% 54.77% 4.40%

Black/African-American 218 207.11 25.54% 25.93% 3.87%

Asian 46 42.07 5.19% 5.27% 1.97%

Other 51 112.03 13.81% 14.03% 3.07%

148
Total of known responses 794 798.61 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 14 9.19 1.13% NA NA

Blank 3 3.20 0.39% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 23. What is your highest education level?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

No Education 20 22.57 2.78% 2.80% 1.56%

High school diploma or GED 299 330.88 40.80% 41.07% 4.66%

Some college, no degree 169 153.26 18.90% 19.02% 3.72%

Associate Degree 60 59.83 7.38% 7.43% 2.49%

Bachelor Degree 193 165.82 20.45% 20.58% 3.83%

Master Degree 45 59.89 7.38% 7.43% 2.49%

PhD or Professional Degree 18 13.37 1.65% 1.66% 1.21%

Total of known responses 804 805.62 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 2 1.32 0.16% NA NA

Blank 5 4.07 0.50% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 24. How many people live in your home for most of the year (including you)?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

1 134 179.61 22.15% 22.15% 4.09%

2 207 243.86 30.07% 30.07% 4.52%

3 154 138.15 17.03% 17.03% 3.71%

4 170 146.29 18.04% 18.04% 3.79%

5 95 68.15 8.40% 8.40% 2.73%

6 30 20.75 2.56% 2.56% 1.56%

7 15 8.87 1.09% 1.09% 1.03%

8 5 5.07 0.62% 0.62% 0.78%

9 1 0.26 0.03% 0.03% 0.18%

10 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 811 811.00 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know/Decline to state 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Doesn't apply 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

149
Question 25. Of the people you included in the total for Question 24, how many people are 

in the following age categories [Responses have been binned to simplify analysis]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

19 and under 346 334.65 41.26% 4.32%

20 to 29 452 265.09 32.69% 4.11%

30 to 59 444 499.19 61.55% 4.27%

60 and over 258 318.52 39.27% 4.28%

Question 26. What is your combined annual household income?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

$0-$19,999 49 50.77 6.26% 6.51% 2.33%

$20,000-$39,999 151 193.77 23.89% 24.84% 4.08%

$40,000-$59,999 251 190.68 23.51% 24.44% 4.06%

$60,000-$79,999 128 133.36 16.44% 17.10% 3.56%

$80,000-$99,999 75 78.94 9.73% 10.12% 2.85%

$100,000 and more 122 132.58 16.35% 16.99% 3.55%

Total of known responses 776 780.09 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know/Decline to state 34 27.16 3.35% NA NA

Blank 1 3.75 0.46% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 27. What type of home do you live in most of the year?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

a Dormitory 4 5.34 0.66% 0.66% 0.77%

an Apartment building 5 or 

more units 70 56.02 6.91% 6.92% 2.40%

an Apartment building with 2-

4 units 69 47.41 5.85% 5.86% 2.22%

a Mobile home 16 17.54 2.16% 2.17% 1.38%

a Single-family attached house 

(a house attached to one or 

more houses) 171 192.98 23.80% 23.84% 4.03%

a Single-family detached house 

(a house detached from any 

other house) 466 479.04 59.07% 59.17% 4.65%

Something else 12 11.28 1.39% 1.39% 1.11%

150
Total of known responses 808 809.60 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 0.23 0.03% NA NA

Blank 2 1.17 0.14% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 28. Is this home owned or rented?

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted 

counts

Weighted 

counts

Weighted 

proportion

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Owned or being bought by 

someone in your household 448 465.54 57.40% 57.81% 4.17%

Rented 351 334.30 41.22% 41.51% 4.16%

Occupied without payment of 

rent 8 5.42 0.67% 0.67% 0.69%

Total of known responses 807 805.26 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 0.20 0.02% NA NA

Blank 3 5.53 0.68% NA NA

Total 811 811.00 100.00% NA NA

A.1.5 NV1 survey

Question 1. Indicate how many refrigerators in your home use thermoelectric or 

absorption cooling.

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

1 158 157.54 97.85% 97.85% 2.94%

2 3 3.46 2.15% 2.15% 2.94%

3 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

4 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 161 161.00 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 2. What is the brand of this refrigerator? [Responses not listed; see Section 

3.3.2 on validation]

Question 3. Please enter the brand of the refrigerator [Responses not listed; see Section 

3.3.2 on validation]

151
Question 4. What is the full model number of this refrigerator? [Responses not listed; see 

Section 3.3.2 on validation]

Question 5. Please estimate the total capacity of this refrigerator [Filtered on those not 

answering “None” to Question 1]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Small compact = less than 4 

cubic feet (113 liters) 131 116.76 72.52% 77.72% 9.13%

Large compact = at least 4 

but less than 7.75 cubic feet 

(113 to 219 liters) 11 13.15 8.16% 8.75% 6.20%

Very small = at least 7.75 

but less than 12 cubic feet 

(220 to 340 liters) 3 5.61 3.49% 3.74% 4.16%

Small = at least 12 but less 

than 16 cubic feet (340 to 

453 liters) 6 10.72 6.66% 7.14% 5.65%

Medium = at least 16 but 

less than 20 cubic feet (453 

to 566 liters) 3 3.98 2.47% 2.65% 3.53%

Large = at least 20 but less 

than 24 cubic feet (566 to 

680 liters) 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Very large = at least 24 

cubic feet (680 liters) 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 154 150.22 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 7 10.78 6.70% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 6. If this refrigerator has a separate freezer compartment, what is the estimated 

size of this compartment? [Filtered on those not answering “None” to Question 1]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Does not have a separate freezer 

compartment 130 124.50 77.33% 84.63% 7.12%

Less than 0.5 cubic feet (14 liters), 

enough for ice trays but little else 16 19.46 12.09% 13.23% 6.69%

More than 0.5 cubic feet (14 liters) 4 3.14 1.95% 2.13% 2.85%

Total of known responses 150 147.10 NA 100.00% NA

152
Don't know 10 12.86 7.99% NA NA

Blank 1 1.03 0.64% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 7. Did you (or the homeowner) purchase this refrigerator new? [Filtered on 

those not answering “None” to Question 1]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion 

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 100 97.79 60.74% 63.41% 8.69%

No 53 56.43 35.05% 36.59% 8.69%

Total of known responses 153 154.21 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 8 6.79 4.22% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 8. How much did you (or the homeowner) pay for this new refrigerator (not 

including tax or rebates)? [Filtered on those answering “Yes” to Question 7]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Up to $25 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $26 and $50 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $51 and $75 2 2.37 2.43% 2.44% 4.85%

Between $76 and $100 34 26.55 27.15% 27.27% 14.00%

Between $101 and $125 35 47.26 48.32% 48.53% 15.71%

Between $126 and $150 10 5.59 5.71% 5.74% 7.31%

Between $151 and $200 5 4.06 4.16% 4.17% 6.29%

Between $201 and $250 8 6.49 6.64% 6.67% 7.84%

Between $251 and $300 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $301 and $350 2 1.52 1.55% 1.56% 3.90%

Between $351 and $400 1 0.65 0.66% 0.66% 2.55%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $501 and $600 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $601 and $700 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $701 and $800 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $801 and $1,000 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $1,001 and $1,200 1 1.86 1.90% 1.91% 4.30%

Between $1,201 and $1,400 1 1.04 1.06% 1.06% 3.22%

Between $1,401 and $1,600 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $1,601 and $1,800 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $1,801 and $2,000 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

153
Between $2,001 and $2,500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $2,501 and $3,000 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $3,001 and $3,500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $3,501 and $4,000 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$4001 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 99 97.37 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Blank 1 0.41 0.42% NA NA

Total 100 97.79 100.00% NA NA

Question 9. If you (or the homeowner) received any kind of rebate, how much was it?

[Filtered on those answering “Yes” to Question 7]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

No rebate 87 77.35 79.10% 83.39% 11.49%

Up to $10 2 11.55 11.81% 12.45% 10.20%

Between $11 and $20 2 0.65 0.66% 0.70% 2.57%

Between $21 and $30 1 0.56 0.57% 0.60% 2.39%

Between $31 and $40 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $41 and $50 1 0.32 0.32% 0.34% 1.80%

Between $51 and $60 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $61 and $80 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $81 and $100 1 1.73 1.77% 1.86% 4.18%

Between $101 and $125 1 0.60 0.62% 0.65% 2.48%

Between $126 and $150 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $151 and $200 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $201 and $250 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $251 and $300 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 95 92.75 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 4 4.62 4.73% NA NA

Blank 1 0.41 0.42% NA NA

Total 100 97.79 100.00% NA NA

Question 10. How long ago did you (or the homeowner) purchase this new refrigerator? 

[Filtered on those answering “Yes” to Question 7]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

154
Less than 12 months ago 71 71.73 73.36% 75.99% 12.47%

At least 1 year but less than 2 

years ago 18 14.41 14.74% 15.27% 10.50%

At least 2 year but less than 3 

years ago 6 5.49 5.61% 5.81% 6.83%

At least 3 year but less than 4 

years ago 1 1.04 1.06% 1.10% 3.04%

At least 4 year but less than 5 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 5 year but less than 6 

years ago 1 1.73 1.77% 1.83% 3.92%

At least 6 year but less than 8 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 8 year but less than 

10 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 10 year but less than 

12 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 12 year but less than 

15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 97 94.39 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 1.74 1.78% NA NA

Blank 2 1.66 1.69% NA NA

Total 100 97.79 100.00% NA NA

Question 11. What material are wine bottles typically made from? [Cheater question; 

responses not shown because only correct responses were retained in the analysis]

Question 12. When you (or the homeowner) acquired this refrigerator, how much did it 

cost to have it installed?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; I installed it myself 

or someone installed it for 

free 147 149.68 92.97% 95.60% 4.88%

Up to $10 1 0.51 0.31% 0.32% 1.35%

Between $11 and $20 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $21 and $30 2 1.93 1.20% 1.23% 2.62%

Between $31 and $40 1 0.44 0.27% 0.28% 1.25%

Between $41 and $50 4 2.69 1.67% 1.72% 3.09%

Between $51 and $60 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $61 and $80 1 0.42 0.26% 0.27% 1.24%

155
Between $81 and $100 1 0.91 0.57% 0.58% 1.81%

Between $101 and $125 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $126 and $150 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $151 and $200 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $201 and $250 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $251 and $300 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 157 156.58 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 4 4.42 2.75% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 13. Has this refrigerator ever been repaired? [Filtered on those not answering 

“None” to Question 1]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 2 1.82 1.13% 1.18% 1.95%

No 152 152.75 94.88% 98.82% 1.95%

Total of known responses 154 154.58 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 7 6.42 3.99% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 14. How much did it cost to repair? [Filtered on those answering “Yes” to 

Question 13]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; repaired for free or 

under warranty 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Up to $10 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $11 and $20 1 0.09 5.13% 5.13% 48.59%

Between $21 and $30 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $31 and $40 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $41 and $50 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $51 and $60 1 1.73 94.87% 94.87% 48.59%

Between $61 and $80 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $81 and $100 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $101 and $125 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

156
Between $126 and $150 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $151 and $200 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $201 and $250 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $251 and $300 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 2 1.82 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 2 1.82 100.00% NA NA

Question 15. How long after you (or the homeowner) purchased it was it repaired?

[Filtered on those answering “Yes” to Question 13]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Less than 12 months ago 1 0.09 5.13% 5.13% 46.37%

At least 1 year but less than 2 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 2 year but less than 3 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 3 year but less than 4 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 4 year but less than 5 

years ago 1 1.73 94.87% 94.87% 46.37%

At least 5 year but less than 6 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 6 year but less than 8 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 8 year but less than 10 

years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 10 year but less than 

12 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 12 year but less than 

15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

At least 15 years ago 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 2 1.82 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 2 1.82 100.00% NA NA

157
Question 16. Which component was repaired? [Results not listed due to too few 

responses]

Question 17. Do you (or the homeowner) ever perform routine maintenance on this 

refrigerator? [Filtered on those not answering “None” to Question 1]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 30 35.63 22.13% 23.20% 7.63%

No 126 117.97 73.27% 76.80% 7.63%

Total of known responses 156 153.60 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 4 3.62 2.25% NA NA

Blank 1 3.78 2.35% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 18. How much is spent each year on routine maintenance of this refrigerator?

[Filtered on those answering “Yes” to Question 17]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Nothing; I perform the 

maintenance myself or someone 

does it for free 21 19.94 55.98% 55.98% 24.73%

Up to $10 1 0.70 1.95% 1.95% 6.89%

Between $11 and $20 5 12.12 34.01% 34.01% 23.60%

Between $21 and $30 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $31 and $40 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $41 and $50 1 0.70 1.95% 1.95% 6.89%

Between $51 and $60 2 2.18 6.11% 6.11% 11.93%

Between $61 and $80 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $81 and $100 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $101 and $125 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $126 and $150 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $151 and $200 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $201 and $250 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $251 and $300 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $301 and $400 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Between $401 and $500 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

$501 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 30 35.63 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

158
Total 30 35.63 100.00% NA NA

Question 19. Indicate how many freezers in your home use thermoelectric or absorption 

cooling.

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

None 124 113.55 70.53% 71.61% 9.22%

1 35 45.02 27.97% 28.39% 9.22%

2 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

3 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

4 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 159 158.57 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 2.43 1.51% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 20. What is the brand of this freezer? [Responses not listed; see Section 3.3.2 

on validation]

Question 21. Please enter the brand name of this freezer [Responses not listed; see 

Section 3.3.2 on validation]

Question 22. What is the full model number of this freezer? [Responses not listed; see 

Section 3.3.2 on validation]

Question 23. Who is the current president of the U.S.? [Cheater question; responses not 

shown because only correct responses were retained in the analysis]

Question 24. What is your five-digit ZIP code? [Responses have been binned by U.S. 

Census region]

Response

Total responses

Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

New England 9 8.02 4.98% 4.98% 4.81%

Middle Atlantic 28 29.96 18.61% 18.61% 8.61%

East North Central 31 18.07 11.22% 11.22% 6.98%

West North Central 8 9.27 5.76% 5.76% 5.15%

South Atlantic 34 33.00 20.50% 20.50% 8.93%

East South Central 4 14.87 9.24% 9.24% 6.41%

West South Central 12 16.31 10.13% 10.13% 6.68%

Mountain North 3 1.84 1.14% 1.14% 2.35%

159
Mountain South 2 2.78 1.72% 1.72% 2.88%

Pacific 30 26.88 16.70% 16.70% 8.25%

Total of known responses 161 161.00 NA 100.00% NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 25. What is your gender?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Female 60 68.94 42.82% 43.71% 8.85%

Male 97 88.77 55.13% 56.29% 8.85%

Total of known responses 157 157.71 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 3 2.34 1.45% NA NA

Blank 1 0.96 0.59% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 26. Are you Hispanic or Latino?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Yes 17 50.96 31.65% 32.60% 8.40%

No 137 105.36 65.44% 67.40% 8.40%

Total of known responses 154 156.32 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 5 3.12 1.94% NA NA

Blank 2 1.56 0.97% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 27. What is your race? [Responses have been binned to simplify analysis]

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

White or Caucasian 105 93.40 58.01% 60.17% 9.81%

Black/African-American 18 10.01 6.22% 6.45% 4.93%

Asian 17 16.10 10.00% 10.37% 6.11%

Other 12 35.70 22.18% 23.00% 8.44%

Total of known responses 152 155.22 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 8 4.98 3.09% NA NA

Blank 1 0.81 0.50% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 28. What is your highest education level?

160
Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

No Education 5 11.04 6.86% 6.95% 5.43%

High school diploma or GED 33 58.15 36.12% 36.59% 10.28%

Some college, no degree 31 24.25 15.07% 15.26% 7.67%

Associate Degree 14 15.27 9.48% 9.61% 6.29%

Bachelor Degree 57 32.20 20.00% 20.26% 8.58%

Master Degree 15 15.68 9.74% 9.87% 6.36%

PhD or Professional Degree 4 2.34 1.45% 1.47% 2.57%

Total of known responses 159 158.93 NA 100.00% NA

Decline to state 1 1.74 1.08% NA NA

Blank 1 0.33 0.21% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 29. How many people live in your home for most of the year (including you)?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

1 16 22.42 13.93% 13.93% 7.66%

2 45 57.15 35.49% 35.49% 10.59%

3 33 22.13 13.74% 13.74% 7.62%

4 38 42.00 26.09% 26.09% 9.71%

5 21 12.24 7.60% 7.60% 5.86%

6 5 3.28 2.04% 2.04% 3.12%

7 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

8 3 1.79 1.11% 1.11% 2.32%

9 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

10 or more 0 0.00 0.00% 0.00% 0.00%

Total of known responses 161 161.00 NA 100.00% NA

Doesn't apply 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Don't know/Decline to state 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 30. Of the people you included in the total for Question 29, how many people are 

in the following age categories (please fill in the number of people for all applicable 

categories) [Responses have been binned to simplify analysis]

Response

Total responses Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

19 and under 67 77.45 48.11% 9.84%

161
20 to 29 113 67.05 41.65% 9.70%

30 to 59 88 103.58 64.34% 9.43%

60 and over 55 38.87 24.14% 8.42%

Question 31. What is your combined annual household income?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

$0-$19,999 19 18.88 11.72% 12.58% 7.14%

$20,000-$39,999 22 35.80 22.24% 23.85% 9.18%

$40,000-$59,999 29 14.95 9.29% 9.96% 6.45%

$60,000-$79,999 42 46.75 29.04% 31.15% 9.97%

$80,000-$99,999 14 10.73 6.67% 7.15% 5.55%

$100,000 and more 29 22.99 14.28% 15.31% 7.75%

Total of known responses 155 150.10 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know/Decline to state 6 10.90 6.77% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 32. What type of home do you live in most of the year?

Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

a Dormitory 3 3.69 2.29% 2.32% 3.21%

an Apartment building 5 or more 

units 21 18.32 11.38% 11.52% 6.81%

an Apartment building with 2-4 

units 18 17.80 11.06% 11.20% 6.73%

a Mobile home 2 3.19 1.98% 2.01% 2.99%

a Single-family detached house (a 

house detached from any other 

house) 104 99.05 61.52% 62.31% 10.34%

a Single-family attached house (a 

house attached to one or more 

houses) 10 11.66 7.24% 7.34% 5.56%

Something else 1 5.25 3.26% 3.30% 3.81%

Total of known responses 159 158.97 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 1 1.74 1.08% NA NA

Blank 1 0.30 0.18% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

Question 33. Is this home owned or rented?

162
Response

Total responses Weighted 

proportion 

of total

Known responses

Unweighted Weighted

Weighted 

proportion

Confidence 

interval

Owned or being bought by 

someone in your household 90 73.62 45.72% 46.35% 9.47%

Rented 68 84.19 52.29% 53.00% 9.48%

Occupied without payment of 

rent 1 1.04 0.64% 0.65% 1.53%

Total of known responses 159 158.84 NA 100.00% NA

Don't know 2 2.16 1.34% NA NA

Blank 0 0.00 0.00% NA NA

Total 161 161.00 100.00% NA NA

A.2 NPD wine/beverage cooler price distributions

A.2.1 Cumulative price distributions for all years by bottle capacity

All figures use a logarithmic price axis. Prices have been inflation-adjusted to 2011 dollars, 

and cumulative shipments are normalized in each year to sum to 1.

Figure A.2.1. NPD cumulative prices for 1-11 bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers by year

163
Figure A.2.2. NPD cumulative prices for 12-19 bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers by 

year

Figure A.2.3. NPD cumulative prices for 20-29 bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers by 

year

164
Figure A.2.4. NPD cumulative prices for 30-39 bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers by 

year

Figure A.2.5. NPD cumulative prices for 40-59 bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers by 

year

165
Figure A.2.6. NPD cumulative prices for 60+ bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers by year

Figure A.2.7. NPD cumulative prices for all capacities of wine/beverage coolers by year

A.2.2 Average 2009-2011 price histograms by bottle capacity 

Table A.2.1. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for 1-11 bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers

Price range (2011$) Fraction of total shipments

0 to 3 0.0%

4 to 6 0.0%

7 to 9 0.0%

10 to 12 0.0%

166
13 to 15 0.0% 16 to 18 0.0%

19 to 21 0.0%

22 to 24 0.1%

25 to 27 0.0%

28 to 30 0.0%

31 to 33 0.1%

34 to 36 0.0%

37 to 39 0.0%

40 to 42 0.2%

43 to 45 0.2%

46 to 48 0.1%

49 to 51 9.8%

52 to 54 17.2%

55 to 57 0.4%

58 to 60 4.8%

61 to 63 2.4%

64 to 66 15.1%

67 to 69 4.5%

70 to 72 0.9%

73 to 75 1.7%

76 to 78 12.8%

79 to 81 7.0%

82 to 84 2.0%

85 to 87 2.8%

88 to 90 0.7%

91 to 93 0.8%

94 to 96 2.9%

97 to 99 5.2%

100 to 102 0.6%

103 to 105 0.7%

106 to 108 2.6%

109 to 111 0.5%

112 to 114 0.1%

115 to 117 0.1%

118 to 120 0.1%

121 to 123 0.0%

124 to 126 0.1%

127 to 129 0.1%

130 to 132 0.1%

133 to 135 0.1%

136 to 138 0.0%

167
139 to 141 0.2%

142 to 144 0.1%

145 to 147 0.2%

148 to 150 0.2%

>150 2.6%

Table A.2.2. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for 12-19 bottle capacity wine/beverage 

coolers

Price range (2011$) Fraction of total shipments

0 to 5 0.0%

6 to 10 0.0%

11 to 15 0.0%

16 to 20 0.0%

21 to 25 0.0%

26 to 30 0.0%

31 to 35 0.0%

36 to 40 0.2%

41 to 45 0.0%

46 to 50 0.1%

51 to 55 1.3%

56 to 60 0.2%

61 to 65 0.1%

66 to 70 1.5%

71 to 75 12.3%

76 to 80 2.9%

81 to 85 13.9%

86 to 90 1.9%

91 to 95 2.2%

96 to 100 5.2%

101 to 105 2.8%

106 to 110 7.3%

111 to 115 0.9%

116 to 120 4.4%

121 to 125 1.7%

126 to 130 2.2%

131 to 135 0.5%

136 to 140 3.5%

141 to 145 1.6%

146 to 150 3.9%

151 to 155 3.8%

156 to 160 1.9%

161 to 165 3.9%

168
166 to 170 2.1%

171 to 175 2.4%

176 to 180 2.3%

181 to 185 4.1%

186 to 190 1.4%

191 to 195 5.3%

196 to 200 0.3%

201 to 205 0.2%

206 to 210 0.1%

211 to 215 0.3%

216 to 220 0.2%

221 to 225 0.2%

226 to 230 0.1%

231 to 235 0.1%

236 to 240 0.1%

241 to 245 0.1%

246 to 250 0.1%

>250 0.5%

Table A.2.3. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for 20-29 bottle capacity wine/beverage 

coolers

Price range (2011$) Fraction of total shipments

0 to 25 0.1%

26 to 50 0.0%

51 to 75 0.1%

76 to 100 0.7%

101 to 125 3.7%

126 to 150 9.0%

151 to 175 14.9%

176 to 200 8.4%

201 to 225 3.9%

226 to 250 3.1%

251 to 275 1.9%

276 to 300 7.6%

301 to 325 2.8%

326 to 350 2.2%

351 to 375 1.8%

376 to 400 2.2%

401 to 425 13.5%

426 to 450 2.4%

451 to 475 0.1%

476 to 500 0.1%

169
501 to 525 0.3%

526 to 550 0.1%

551 to 575 0.1%

576 to 600 0.0%

601 to 625 0.1%

626 to 650 0.1%

651 to 675 0.1%

676 to 700 0.2%

701 to 725 0.1%

726 to 750 0.1%

751 to 775 0.2%

776 to 800 0.3%

801 to 825 0.3%

826 to 850 0.7%

851 to 875 1.0%

876 to 900 0.4%

901 to 925 0.3%

926 to 950 0.5%

951 to 975 0.3%

976 to 1000 0.2%

1001 to 1025 0.3%

1026 to 1050 0.2%

1051 to 1075 0.1%

1076 to 1100 0.1%

1101 to 1125 0.4%

1126 to 1150 0.9%

1151 to 1175 1.3%

1176 to 1200 2.1%

1201 to 1225 1.3%

1226 to 1250 1.0%

1251 to 1275 1.0%

1276 to 1300 0.6%

1301 to 1325 0.3%

1326 to 1350 0.6%

1351 to 1375 1.0%

1376 to 1400 0.7%

1401 to 14251.1%

1426 to 1450 0.4%

1451 to 1475 0.2%

1476 to 1500 0.1%

>1500 2.5%

170
Table A.2.4. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for 30-39 bottle capacity wine/beverage 

coolers

Price range (2011$) Fraction of total shipments

0 to 15 0.01%

16 to 30 0.01%

31 to 45 0.01%

46 to 60 0.19%

61 to 75 0.01%

76 to 90 1.26%

91 to 105 0.07%

106 to 120 0.27%

121 to 135 0.20%

136 to 150 3.46%

151 to 165 0.90%

166 to 180 3.74%

181 to 195 5.93%

196 to 210 18.39%

211 to 225 16.90%

226 to 240 5.42%

241 to 255 7.28%

256 to 270 5.02%

271 to 285 1.71%

286 to 300 0.58%

301 to 315 1.18%

316 to 330 5.19%

331 to 345 5.46%

346 to 360 2.30%

361 to 375 2.59%

376 to 390 2.00%

391 to 405 0.62%

406 to 420 0.38%

421 to 435 0.51%

436 to 450 0.31%

451 to 465 0.76%

466 to 480 0.59%

481 to 495 2.64%

496 to 510 1.43%

511 to 525 0.33%

526 to 540 0.26%

541 to 555 0.34%

556 to 570 0.15%

571 to 585 0.19%

171
586 to 600 0.18%

601 to 615 0.20%

616 to 630 0.30%

631 to 645 0.06%

646 to 660 0.02%

661 to 675 0.08%

676 to 690 0.07%

691 to 705 0.05%

706 to 720 0.11%

721 to 735 0.03%

736 to 750 0.01%

>750 0.29%

Table A.2.5. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for 40-59 bottle capacity wine/beverage 

coolers

Price range (2011$) Fraction of total shipments

0 to 35 0.01%

36 to 70 0.01%

71 to 105 0.17%

106 to 140 0.75%

141 to 175 1.04%

176 to 210 2.47%

211 to 245 5.43%

246 to 280 17.95%

281 to 315 43.52%

316 to 350 1.79%

351 to 385 3.39%

386 to 420 0.44%

421 to 455 0.04%

456 to 490 0.23%

491 to 525 0.25%

526 to 560 0.18%

561 to 595 0.29%

596 to 630 0.78%

631 to 665 0.15%

666 to 700 0.27%

701 to 735 0.21%

736 to 770 0.30%

771 to 805 0.33%

806 to 840 0.36%

841 to 875 0.65%

876 to 910 0.34%

172
911 to 945 0.20%

946 to 980 0.58%

981 to 1015 0.42%

1016 to 1050 0.31%

1051 to 1085 0.73%

1086 to 1120 1.17%

1121 to 1155 1.11%

1156 to 1190 0.43%

1191 to 1225 0.79%

1226 to 1260 1.03%

1261 to 1295 1.54%

1296 to 1330 2.05%

1331 to 1365 1.83%

1366 to 1400 1.10%

1401 to 1435 0.38%

1436 to 1470 0.58%

1471 to 1505 0.42%

1506 to 1540 0.39%

1541 to 1575 0.32%

1576 to 1610 0.08%

1611 to 1645 0.08%

1646 to 1680 0.07%

1681 to 1715 0.04%

1716 to 1750 0.08%

1751 to 1785 0.09%

1786 to 1820 0.04%

1821 to 1855 0.06%

1856 to 1890 0.01%

1891 to 1925 0.06%

1926 to 1960 0.04%

1961 to 1995 0.04%

>1995 2.60%

Table A.2.6. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for 60+ bottle capacity wine/beverage coolers

Price range (2011$) Fraction of total shipments

0 to 150 0.21%

151 to 300 0.10%

301 to 450 0.42%

451 to 600 6.26%

601 to 750 18.16%

751 to 900 2.61%

901 to 1050 2.30%

173
1051 to 1200 3.13%

1201 to 1350 3.55%

1351 to 1500 5.22%

1501 to 1650 7.52%

1651 to 1800 2.71%

1801 to 1950 2.51%

1951 to 2100 1.57%

2101 to 2250 1.04%

2251 to 2400 3.44%

2401 to 2550 0.52%

2551 to 2700 0.63%

2701 to 2850 0.10%

2851 to 3000 0.00%

3001 to 3150 0.31%

3151 to 3300 0.10%

3301 to 3450 0.52%

3451 to 3600 1.15%

3601 to 3750 0.52%

3751 to 3900 1.25%

3901 to 4050 0.52%

4051 to 4200 0.73%

4201 to 4350 1.98%

4351 to 4500 1.46%

4501 to 4650 1.57%

4651 to 4800 0.63%

4801 to 4950 1.04%

4951 to 5100 1.67%

5101 to 5250 1.98%

5251 to 5400 1.98%

5401 to 5550 2.71%

5551 to 5700 2.51%

5701 to 5850 2.71%

5851 to 6000 2.51%

6001 to 6150 1.88%

6151 to 6300 2.51%

6301 to 6450 2.71%

6451 to 6600 0.21%

6601 to 6750 0.94%

6751 to 6900 1.36%

6901 to 7050 0.10%

7051 to 7200 0.10%

7201 to 7350 0.10%

174
7351 to 7500 0.10%

>7500 0.10%

Table A.2.7. NPD average 2009-2011 prices for all wine/beverage coolers

Price range (2011$) Fraction of total shipments

0 to 25 0.05%

26 to 50 4.43%

51 to 75 25.00%

76 to 100 23.48%

101 to 125 8.23%

126 to 150 5.24%

151 to 175 6.48%

176 to 200 7.04%

201 to 225 3.17%

226 to 250 2.00%

251 to 275 1.64%

276 to 300 4.36%

301 to 325 0.50%

326 to 350 1.19%

351 to 375 0.75%

376 to 400 0.36%

401 to 425 0.69%

426 to 450 0.19%

451 to 475 0.11%

476 to 500 0.44%

501 to 525 0.11%

526 to 550 0.06%

551 to 575 0.07%

576 to 600 0.05%

601 to 625 0.12%

626 to 650 0.03%

651 to 675 0.05%

676 to 700 0.06%

701 to 725 0.06%

726 to 750 0.10%

751 to 775 0.05%

776 to 800 0.06%

801 to 825 0.04%

826 to 850 0.08%

851 to 875 0.10%

876 to 900 0.05%

901 to 925 0.05%

175
926 to 950 0.08%

951 to 975 0.12%

976 to 1000 0.07%

>1000 3.27%

A.3 Deployed survey instruments

Although each survey group consisted of more than one actual deployed survey (since all 

included demographic subgroup surveys, and often multiple launches of the same 

subgroup to increase the total number of responses), the content of each survey within a 

group remained identical with the exception of the header information. Below we present 

the identical content common to all deployed surveys within each group.

A.3.1 RP2 survey

Refrigeration Products Survey

Qualifications: U.S. residents at least 18 years old.

Please answer honestly and accurately! We have provided plenty of time for you to answer 

every question carefully.

NOTE: You will NOT GET PAID if you do not qualify for this survey or answer all 

questions that you are NOT asked to skip. Also, due to the size of our research study, we 

may take up to 21 DAYS to pay you.

Refrigerators

If you live in more than one home, please restrict your responses to the home you use the 

most.

1. A refrigerator cools items such as food to a temperature below 39°F (4°C). It may include a 

separate freezer or wine/beverage cooler compartment.

How many refrigerators are plugged in at your home right now?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• stand-alone freezers

• stand-alone wine/beverage coolers

INCLUDE:

• full-size refrigerators (example)

176
• compact refrigerators (example)

• refrigerators with separate freezers or wine/beverage cooler compartments 

(example)

Check the number of refrigerators

None

1

2

3

4

5 or more

Don’t know

If you answered “None” to the above question, please skip to Question 16.

2. Some refrigerators have a special section or compartment specifically designed to store wine 

at a temperature warmer than 39°F (4°C). This is different than a wine shelf or rack that comes 

with some standard refrigerators that is maintained at the same temperature as the rest of the 

compartment.

Do you have a refrigerator with a SPECIAL SECTION OR COMPARTMENT designed 

specifically for storing wine at a warmer temperature?

Yes

No

Don’t know

If you answered “No” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to Question 4.

3. How many full-sized (750 mL) bottles of wine is this refrigerator’s wine storage section 

able to hold? [Drop-down menu]

Up to 5 bottles

Between 6 and 10 bottles

Between 11 and 15 bottles

Between 16 and 20 bottles

Between 21 and 25 bottles

177
Between 26 and 30 bottles

31 or more bottles

Don’t know

4. Most refrigeration products found in homes operate only on alternating current (AC)

electricity, which is the normal type of 120-volt power found in standard electrical outlets. 

However, some refrigeration products can operate on either AC electricity or direct current (DC) 

electricity, which is the type of power that can be supplied by a battery.

Do you have a refrigerator that can operate on either AC or DC electricity?

Yes

No

Don’t know

5. Most refrigeration products use vapor compression technology to keep foods and beverages 

cold. But some refrigeration products are cooled with other types of technologies. One 

technology is called thermoelectric cooling and another is called absorption cooling . Both are 

quieter than regular refrigeration technology and produce little vibration. Also, absorption 

cooling can be powered by propane or some other fuel as well as by electricity. Common brands 

featuring these technologies include EdgeStar and Dometic.

Do you have a refrigerator that uses THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION COOLING 

technology to provide cooling?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• stand-alone freezers

• stand-alone wine/beverage coolers

INCLUDE:

• Refrigerators

• Refrigerators with freezer compartments

• Refrigerators with wine/beverage cooler section or compartment

Indicate if you have any refrigerators that use thermoelectric or absorption cooling.

Yes

No

Don’t know

178
If you answered “No” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to Question 16. 

If you have more than one thermoelectric or absorption cooling refrigerator in your home, 

please restrict your answers below to the largest-capacity unit. 

The next three questions ask for the brand and model number of this refrigerator. You can often 

find this information on the product “nameplate,” which is a small rectangular label usually 

located inside or on the back of the refrigerator. Your owner's manual will also provide you with 

the brand and model number. 

6. What is the brand of this refrigerator? [Drop-down menu]

Amana

Avanti Pro

Bon Jour

Bosch

Cuisinart

Dacor

Danby

Dometic

EdgeStar

Electrolux

Emerson

Franklin

Frigidaire

GE

Haier

Igloo

JennAir

Kalorik

KitchenAid

Liebherr

Magic Chef

Marvel

179
Miele

Sanyo

Scotsman

Sub-Zero

Summit

Sunbeam

Thermador

Tresanti

Uline

Viking

Vinotemp

Whirlpool

Whynter

Wine Enthusiast

Other

Don’t know/Decline to state

If you answered “Other” to the above question, please answer Question 7. Otherwise, 

please skip to Question 8. 

7. Please enter the brand name of this refrigerator:

8. What is the full model number of this refrigerator? If you don't know, please skip this 

question.

Please enter model number:

9. Please indicate which cooling technology this refrigerator uses:

Thermoelectric

Absorption cooling

Don’t know

If you answered “Thermoelectric” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to 

Question 11.

180
10. Can your ABSORPTION COOLING refrigerator operate with propane as well as 

electricity?

Yes

No

Don’t know

11. The capacity of a refrigerator is normally listed on the “nameplate,” which as mentioned 

above is a small rectangular label usually located inside or on the back of the unit. You can also 

find this information in the owner’s manual.

Please estimate the total capacity of this THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION 

COOLING refrigerator: [Drop-down menu; note that the metric conversions were incorrect 

in this question]

Up to 7.75 cubic feet (30 liters, sometimes called “compact”)

More than 7.75 but less than 12 cubic feet (31 to 46 liters)

More than 12 but less than 16 cubic feet (47 to 61 liters)

More than 16 but less than 20 cubic feet (62 to 77 liters)

More than 20 but less than 24 cubic feet (78 to 92 liters)

More than 24 but less than 28 cubic feet (93 to 108 liters)

More than 28 cubic feet (109 or more liters)

Don’t know

12. Does this refrigerator contain a SEPARATE freezer section?

Yes

No

Don’t know

If you answered “No” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to Question 14.

13. Please estimate the capacity of the freezer section of this refrigerator: [Drop-down 

menu; note that the metric conversions were incorrect in this question]

Less than half of a cubic foot (enough for ice trays only)

At least half of a cubic foot but less than 2 cubic feet (2 to 7 liters)

181
At least 2 cubic feet but less than 4 cubic feet (8 to 15 liters)

At least 4 cubic feet but less than 8 cubic feet (16 to 30 liters)

At least 8 cubic feet but less than 12 cubic feet (31 to 46 liters)

At least 12 cubic feet but less than 16 cubic feet (47 to 61 liters)

At least 16 cubic feet (62 or more liters)

Don’t know

14. Does this THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION COOLING refrigerator have a 

separate section or compartment designed specifically for storing wine at a warmer 

temperature?

Yes

No

Don’t know

If you answered “No” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to Question 16.

15. How many full-sized (750 mL) bottles of wine is this refrigerator’s wine storage section 

able to hold? [Drop-down menu]

Up to 5 bottles

Between 6 and 10 bottles

Between 11 and 15 bottles

Between 16 and 20 bottles

Between 21 and 25 bottles

Between 26 and 30 bottles

31 or more bottles

Don’t know

16. What material are wine bottles typically made from?

Fabric

Glass

Rubber

Tile

182
Wood

Don’t know

Freezers

17. A freezer freezes and stores items such as food at 0°F (–18°C) or below. It may include a 

separate wine/beverage cooler compartment.

How many stand-alone freezers are plugged in at your home right now? 

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• freezers that are part of refrigerators

• stand-alone wine/beverage coolers

• stand-alone refrigerators

INCLUDE:

• stand-alone, full-size freezers (example)

• stand-alone, compact freezers (example)

• freezers with separate wine/beverage cooler section or compartment

Check the number of stand-alone freezers

None

1

2

3

4

5 or more

Don’t know

If you answered “None” to the above question, please skip to Question 30.

18. Do you have a freezer with a SEPARATE SECTION OR COMPARTMENT designed 

specifically for storing wine at a temperature higher than 39°F (4°C)?

Yes

No

183
Don’t know

If you answered “No” or “Don't’ know” to the above question, please skip to Question 20.

19. How many full-sized (750 mL) bottles of wine is this freezer’s wine storage section able 

to hold? [Drop-down menu]

Up to 5 bottles

Between 6 and 10 bottles

Between 11 and 15 bottles

Between 16 and 20 bottles

Between 21 and 25 bottles

Between 26 and 30 bottles

31 or more bottles

Don’t know

20. Most refrigeration products found in homes operate only on alternating current (AC) 

electricity, which is the normal type of 120-volt power found in standard electrical outlets. 

However, some refrigeration products can operate on either AC electricity or direct current (DC) 

electricity, which is the type of power that can be supplied by a battery.

Do you have a freezer that can operate on either AC or DC electricity?

Yes

No

Don’t know

21. Most refrigeration products use vapor compression technology to keep foods and beverages 

cold. But some refrigeration products are cooled with other types of technologies. One 

technology is called thermoelectric cooling and another is called absorption cooling. Both are 

quieter than regular refrigeration technology and produce little vibration. Also, absorption 

cooling can be powered by propane or some other fuel as well as by electricity. Common brands 

featuring these technologies include EdgeStar and Dometic.

Do you have a freezer that uses THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION COOLING 

technology to provide cooling? 

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• Refrigerators

184
• Refrigerators with a separate freezer compartment

• Stand-alone wine/beverage coolers

INCLUDE:

• Stand-alone freezers

• Freezers with a wine/beverage cooler section or compartment

Indicate if you have any freezers that use thermoelectric or absorption cooling.

Yes

No

Don’t know

If you answered “No” or “Don't’ know” to the above question, please skip to Question 30.

If you have more than one thermoelectric or absorption cooling freezer in your home, please 

restrict your answers below to your largest-capacity unit.

The next three questions ask for the brand and model number of this freezer. You can often find 

this information on the product “nameplate,” which is a small rectangular label usually located 

inside or on the back of the freezer. Your owner's manual will also provide you with the brand 

and model number.

22. What is the brand of this freezer? [Drop-down menu]

Amana

Avanti Pro

Bon Jour

Bosch

Cuisinart

Dacor

Danby

Dometic

EdgeStar

Electrolux

Emerson

Franklin

185
Frigidaire

GE

Haier

Igloo

JennAir

Kalorik

KitchenAid

Liebherr

Magic Chef

Marvel

Miele

Sanyo

Scotsman

Sub-Zero

Summit

Sunbeam

Thermador

Tresanti

Uline

Viking

Vinotemp

Whirlpool

Whynter

Wine Enthusiast

Other

Don’t know/Decline to state

If you answered “Other” to the above question, please answer Question 23. Otherwise, 

please skip to Question 24.

23. Please enter the brand name of this freezer:

186
24. What is the full model number of this freezer? If you don't know, please skip this 

question.

Please enter model number: 

25. Please indicate which cooling technology this freezer uses:

Thermoelectric

Absorption cooling

Don’t know

If you answered “Thermoelectric” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to 

question 27.

26. Can your ABSORPTION COOLING freezer operate with propane as well as 

electricity?

Yes

No

Don’t know

27. The capacity of a freezer is normally listed on the “nameplate,” which as mentioned above is 

a small rectangular label usually located inside or on the back of the unit. You can also find this 

information in the owner’s manual.

Please estimate the total capacity of this THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION 

COOLING freezer: [Drop-down menu; note that the metric conversions were incorrect in 

this question]

Up to 7.75 cubic feet (30 liters, sometimes called “compact”)

More than 7.75 but less than 12 cubic feet (31 to 46 liters)

More than 12 but less than 16 cubic feet (47 to 61 liters)

More than 16 but less than 20 cubic feet (62 to 77 liters)

More than 20 but less than 24 cubic feet (78 to 92 liters)

More than 24 but less than 28 cubic feet (93 to 108 liters)

More than 28 cubic feet (109 or more liters)

Don’t know

187
28. Does this THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION COOLING freezer have a separate 

section or compartment designed specifically for storing wine at a warmer temperature?

Yes

No

Don’t know

If you answered “No” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to Question 30.

29. How many full-sized (750 mL) bottles of wine is this freezer’s wine storage section able 

to hold? [Drop-down menu]

Up to 5 bottles

Between 6 and 10 bottles

Between 11 and 15 bottles

Between 16 and 20 bottles

Between 21 and 25 bottles

Between 26 and 30 bottles

31 or more bottles

Don’t know

Wine/beverage coolers

30. How many bottles of wine are there in a dozen? [Drop-down menu]

1

2

6

12

24

50 or more

Don’t know

31. A wine chiller, wine cooler, beverage cooler or beverage center are special types of 

appliances used mainly for cooling liquids such as wine, at 39° to 65°F (4° to 18°C). We say 

“wine/beverage cooler” to describe these appliances.

188
How many stand-alone, wine/beverage coolers are plugged in at your home right now?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• refrigerators

• freezers

• refrigerators or freezers with a wine/beverage cooler section or compartment

INCLUDE:

• stand-alone, full-size wine/beverage coolers (example)

• stand-alone, compact wine/beverage coolers (example)

Check the number of stand-alone wine/beverage coolers 

None

1

2

3

4

5 or more

Don’t know

If you answered “None” to the above question, please skip to Question 36.

32. Most refrigeration products found in homes operate only on alternating current (AC) 

electricity, which is the normal type of 120-volt power found in standard electrical outlets. 

However, some refrigeration products can operate on either AC electricity or direct current (DC) 

electricity, which is the type of power that can be supplied by a battery.

Do you have a wine/beverage cooler that can operate on either AC or DC electricity?

Yes

No

Don’t know

33. Most refrigeration products use vapor compression technology to keep foods and beverages 

cold. But some refrigeration products are cooled with other types of technologies. One 

technology is called thermoelectric cooling and another is called absorption cooling. Both are 

quieter than regular refrigeration technology and produce little vibration. Also, absorption 

189
cooling can be powered by propane or some other fuel as well as by electricity. Common brands 

featuring these technologies include EdgeStar and Dometic.

Do you have a wine/beverage cooler that uses THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION 

COOLING technology to provide cooling?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• Refrigerators

• Freezers

• Refrigerators or freezers with a wine/beverage cooler section or compartment"

INCLUDE:

• Stand-alone wine/beverage coolers

Indicate if you have any wine/beverage coolers that use thermoelectric or absorption 

cooling.

Yes

No

Don’t know

If you answered “No” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to Question 36.

If you have more than one thermoelectric or absorption cooling wine/beverage cooler in your 

home, please restrict your answers below to your largest-capacity unit.

34. Please indicate which cooling technology this wine/beverage cooler uses:

Thermoelectric

Absorption cooling

Don’t know

If you answered “Thermoelectric” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to 

Question 36.

35. Can your ABSORPTION COOLING wine/beverage cooler operate with propane as 

well as electricity? 

Yes

No

190
Don’t know

Icemakers

36. An icemaker automatically produces ice (usually in small cubes) and keeps them frozen for 

later use. It is often included in a refrigerator or freezer, but some icemakers are completely 

separate from a standard refrigerator or freezer and are called “stand-alone icemakers.”

How many stand-alone icemakers are plugged in at your home right now?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• refrigerators

• freezers

• wine/beverage coolers

• icemakers that are part of a refrigerator or freezer

INCLUDE:

• stand-alone icemakers (example)

Check the number of stand-alone icemakers

None

1

2

3

4

5 or more

Don’t know

If you answered “None” to the above question, please skip to Question 38.

37. How many pounds of ice can your stand-alone icemaker make per day?

Less than 10 pounds per day

Between 10 and 19 pounds per day

Between 20 and 29 pounds per day

Between 30 and 49 pounds per day

191
Between 50 and 79 pounds per day

At least 80 pounds per day

Don’t know

38. Who is the current president of the U.S.? [Drop-down menu]

Amana

Bosch

Emerson

Franklin

GE

KitchenAid

Obama

Scotsman

Tresanti

Don’t know

Demographics

39. What is your zip code?

40. What is your gender?

Female

Male

Decline to state

41. Are you Hispanic or Latino?

Yes

No

Decline to state

42. What is your race? Please check all that apply:

192
American Indian or Alaska Native

Asian

Black or African American

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

White or Caucasian

other

Decline to state

43. What is your highest education level?

No schooling completed

Kindergarten to grade 12 (No Diploma)

High school diploma or GED

Some college, no degree

Associate’s degree (for example: AA, AS)

Bachelor’s degree (for example: BA, BS)

Master’s degree (for example: MA, MS, MBA)

Professional degree (for example: MD, JD)

Doctorate degree (for example: PhD, EdD)

Decline to state

44. How many people live in your home for most of the year (including you)?

Number of people

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn't apply

45. Of the people you included in the total for Question 44, how many people are in the 

following age categories (please fill in the number of people for all applicable categories)

Younger than 20

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

193
10 or more Doesn't apply

20 to 29 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn't apply

30 to 39 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn't apply

40 to 49 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn't apply

50 to 59 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn't apply

60 to 69 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn't apply

70 or older

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn't apply

Age unknown

194
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn't apply

46. What is your combined annual household income?

$0-$19,999 per year

$20,000-$39,999 per year

$40,000-$59,999 per year

$60,000-$79,999 per year 

$80,000-$99,999 per year

$100,000-$119,999 per year

$120,000-$149,999 per year

$150,000-$199,999 per year

$200,000 or more per year

Don’t know/Decline to state

47. What type of home do you live in most of the year?

single-family house

multi-family apartment building

mobile or manufactured home

dormitory

something else

don't know

Due to the size of our research study, we may take up to 21 DAYS to pay you.

A.3.2 RP3 survey

Refrigeration Products Survey

195
This survey is to learn about the refrigeration products in your home.

Qualifications: U.S. residents at least 18 years old.

Please answer honestly and accurately! We have provided plenty of time for you to upload 

photographs, and answer every question carefully.

NOTE: You may NOT GET PAID if you do not qualify for this survey or answer all 

questions that you are NOT asked to skip. Also, due to the size of our research study, we 

may take up to 21 DAYS to pay you.

Refrigeration products

If you live in more than one home, please restrict your responses to the home you use the 

most.

Definitions:

A REFRIGERATOR cools items such as food to a temperature below 39°F (4°C). It may include 

a separate freezer, icemaker or wine/beverage cooler compartment.

A FREEZER freezes and stores items such as food at 0°F (–18°C) or below. It may include a 

separate icemaker or wine/beverage cooler compartment.

An ICEMAKER automatically produces ice (usually in small cubes) and keeps them frozen for 

later use. It is often included in a refrigerator or freezer, but some icemakers are completely 

separate from a standard refrigerator or freezer and are called STAND-ALONE ICEMAKERS.

A WINE/BEVERAGE COOLER (sometimes called a wine cooler, wine chiller, beverage center 

or beverage cooler) is a special type of appliance used mainly for cooling liquids such as wine 

or beer, at 39° to 65°F (4° to 18°C). It is NOT designed for the safe preservation of food.

1. How many refrigerators are plugged in at your home right now?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• Stand-alone freezers (example)

• Stand-alone icemakers (example)

• Stand-alone wine/beverage coolers (example)

INCLUDE:

• Full-size refrigerators (example)

• Compact refrigerators (example)

• Refrigerators with separate freezers (example), automatic icemakers (example), or 

wine/beverage cooler compartments (example)

196
Check the number of refrigerators

None

1

2

3

4

5 or more

Don't know

2. How many freezers are plugged in at your home right now?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• Stand-alone refrigerators

• Stand-alone icemakers

• Stand-alone wine/beverage coolers

• Freezers that are part of a refrigerator

INCLUDE:

• Stand-alone chest freezers (example)

• Stand-alone upright freezers (example)

• Freezers with automatic icemakers (example) or wine/beverage cooler 

compartments

Check the number of freezers

None

1

2

3

4

5 or more

Don't know

3. How many stand-alone icemakers are plugged in at your home right now?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

197
• Refrigerators

• Freezers

• Wine/beverage coolers

• Icemakers that are part of a refrigerator, freezer or wine/beverage cooler

INCLUDE:

• Stand-alone icemakers (example)

Check the number of stand-alone icemakers

None

1

2

3

4

5 or more

Don't know

4. How many wine/beverage coolers are plugged in at your home right now?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• Stand-alone refrigerators

• Stand-alone freezers

• Stand-alone icemakers

• Wine/beverage coolers that are part of a refrigerator or freezer

INCLUDE:

• Stand-alone wine/beverage coolers (example)

Check the number of wine/beverage coolers

None

1

2

3

4

198
5 or more

Don't know

Most refrigeration products use vapor compression technology to keep foods and beverages 

cold. But some refrigeration products are cooled with other types of technologies. One 

technology is called THERMOELECTRIC cooling and another is called ABSORPTION cooling. 

Both are quieter than regular refrigeration technology and produce little vibration. Also, 

absorption cooling can be powered by propane or some other fuel as well as by electricity. 

Common brands featuring these technologies include EdgeStar and Dometic.

5. How many refrigerators are plugged in at your home right now that use 

THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION cooling technology to provide cooling?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• Refrigerators that use vapor compression technology

• Stand-alone freezers

• Stand-alone icemakers

• Stand-alone wine/beverage coolers

INCLUDE:

• Thermoelectric or absorption cooling refrigerators (example)

Check the number of refrigerators with THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION cooling 

technology

None

1

2

3

4

5 or more

Don't know

6. How many freezers are plugged in at your home right now that use 

THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION cooling technology to provide cooling?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• Freezers that use vapor compression technology

199
• Stand-alone refrigerators

• Stand-alone wine/beverage coolers

• Stand-alone icemakers

• Freezers that are part of a refrigerator

INCLUDE:

• Thermoelectric or absorption cooling freezers

Check the number of freezers with THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION cooling technology

None

1

2

3

4

5 or more

Don't know

7. What are ice cubes typically made from?

Air

Glass

Steel

Water

Oil

Don't know

Demographics

We want to make sure that our survey reflects the make-up of the US population, so we need to 

ask you a few questions about you and your household.

8. What is your five-digit ZIP code?

9. What is your gender?

Male

200
Female

Decline to state

10. Are you Hispanic or Latino?

Yes

No

Decline to state

11. What is your race?

American Indian/Alaska Native

Asian

Black/African-American

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander

White or Caucasian

Two or more races

Other

Decline to state

12. What is your highest education level? [Drop-down menu]

No schooling completed

Kindergarten to grade 12 (No Diploma)

High school diploma or GED

Some college, no degree

Associate’s degree (for example: AA, AS)

Bachelor’s degree (for example: BA, BS)

Master’s degree (for example: MA, MS, MBA)

Professional degree (for example: MD, JD)

Doctorate degree (for example: PhD, EdD

Decline to state

13. How many people live in your home for most of the year (including you)?

201
Number of people

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don't know/Decline to state Doesn't apply 

14. Of the people you included in the total for Question 13, how many are in the following 

age categories (please fill in the number of people for all applicable categories)

Younger than 20

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don't know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

20 to 29 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don't know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

30 to 39 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don't know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

40 to 49 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don't know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

50 to 59 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don't know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

60 to 69 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don't know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

202
70 or older

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don't know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

Age unknown or Prefer not to say

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don't know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

15. What is your combined annual household income?

$0-$19,999 per year

$20,000-$39,999 per year

$40,000-$59,000 per year

$60,000-$79,999 per year

$80,000-$99,999 per year

$100,000-$119,999 per year

$120,000-$149,999 per year

150,000-$199,999 per year

$200,000 or more per year

Don't know/Decline to state

16. What type of home do you live in most of the year?

a Single-family detached house (a house detached from any other house)

a Single-family attached house (a house attached to one or more houses)

an Apartment building with 2-4 units

an Apartment building with 5 or more units

a Mobile home

a Dormitory

Something else

Don't know

17. Is this home owned or rented?

203
Owned or being bought by someone in your household

Rented

Occupied without payment of rent

Don't know

Due to the size of our research study, we may take up to 21 DAYS to pay you.

A.3.3 WC1 survey

Wine/Beverage Cooler Household Survey

This survey is for people who have at least one wine chiller, sometimes also referred to as wine 

coolers, wine refrigerators, wine cabinets, beverage coolers, or beverage centers. We refer to 

these products collectively as “wine/beverage coolers.” These devices are powered by electricity 

like normal refrigerators, but are distinct in that they are not designed to reach temperatures 

below 39°F (4°C), which is required for the safe preservation of food. Portable units intended 

for cooling a single bottle of wine are NOT considered to be wine/beverage coolers. 

Qualifications: U.S. residents at least 18 years old.

You must have a wine/beverage cooler to take this survey!

NOTE: You will NOT GET PAID if you do not qualify for this survey or answer all 

questions that you are NOT asked to skip. Also, due to the size of our research study, we 

may take up to 21 DAYS to pay you. 

General questions

If you live in more than one home that has a wine/beverage cooler, please restrict your 

responses to the home you use the most.

1. How many wine/beverage coolers do you have plugged in at your home right now?

None

1

2

3

204
4 or more

Don’t know

If you answered “None” to the above question, YOU CANNOT PROCEED WITH THE 

SURVEY! PLEASE STOP AND EXIT.

If you have more than one wine/beverage cooler, please restrict your responses below to the 

LARGEST CAPACITY unit. 

2. What do you primarily use this LARGEST CAPACITY wine/beverage cooler for?

Wine

Beer or soda

Something else

Don't know

If you answered “Beer or soda” to the above question, please skip to Question 4.

3. What is the maximum number of full-sized (750 mL) bottles of wine that this 

wine/beverage cooler can hold? [Drop-down menu]

1-11 bottles

12-19 bottles

20-29 bottles

30-39 bottles

40-49 bottles

50-59 bottles

60-89 bottles

90+ bottles

Don’t know

If you answered question 3, please skip to Question 5.

4. What is the maximum number of 12 oz. cans or bottles of beer or soda that this 

wine/beverage cooler can hold? [Drop-down menu]

1-11 bottles

205
12-19 bottles

20-29 bottles

30-39 bottles

40-49 bottles

50-59 bottles

60-89 bottles

90+ bottles

Don’t know

5. How frequently do you open the door to this wine/beverage cooler? [Drop-down menu]

10 or more times per day

5-9 times per day

3-4 times per day

Twice per day

Once per day

4-6 times per week

2-3 times per week

Once per week

2-3 times per month

Once per month or less

Don’t know

6. How many separate temperature zones does this wine/beverage cooler have?

One temperature zone

Two temperature zones

Three temperature zones

Four or more temperature zones

Don’t know

7. Is the door of this wine/beverage cooler transparent, or solid/opaque?

206
Transparent (e.g., made of glass or clear plastic)

Solid/opaque (e.g., made of metal or opaque plastic)

Don’t know

8. What material are wine bottles typically made from?

Plastic

Metal

Glass

Wood

Don’t know

9. Is this wine/beverage cooler built into cabinetry, or is it freestanding?

Built-in

Freestanding

Don’t know

10. Does this wine/beverage cooler fit under a standard counter height of 36 inches?

Yes

No

Don’t know

Most refrigeration products use vapor compression technology to keep foods and beverages 

cold. But some refrigeration products, especially wine/beverage coolers, sometimes use other 

types of technologies. One technology is called thermoelectric cooling and another is called 

absorption cooling. Both are quieter than regular refrigeration technology and produce little 

vibration.

11. What type of cooling technology does this wine/beverage cooler use?

Vapor compression

Thermoelectric cooling

Absorption cooling

Don’t know

207
12. In which room is this wine/beverage cooler located? [Drop-down menu]

Kitchen/pantry

Dining room

Home bar/entertainment room

Climate-controlled garage, basement or storage space

Another climate-controlled room in your home

Enclosed space that is not climate-controlled (such as an unheated basement or storage shed)

Outside location

Don’t know

13. Did you (or the homeowner) purchase this wine/beverage cooler new?

Yes

No

Don’t know

If you answered “No” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to Question 17.

14. How much did you (or the homeowner) pay for this new wine/beverage cooler (not 

including tax or rebates)? [Drop-down menu]

Up to $25

Between $26 and $50

Between $51 and $75

Between $76 and $100

Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $350

Between $351 and $400

Between $401 and $500

208
Between $501 and $600

Between $601 and $700

Between $701 and $800

Between $801 and $1,000

Between $1,001 and $1,200

Between $1,201 and $1,400

Between $1,401 and $1,600

Between $1,601 and $1,800

Between $1,801 and $2,000

Between $2,001 and $2,500

Between $2,501 and $3,000

Between $3,001 and $3,500

Between $3,501 and $4,000

$4,001 or more

Don’t know

15. If you (or the homeowner) received any kind of rebate, how much was it? [Drop-down 

menu]

No rebate

Up to $10

Between $11 and $20

Between $21 and $30

Between $31 and $40

Between $41 and $50

Between $51 and $60

Between $61 and $80

Between $81 and $100

Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

209
Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $400

Between $401 and $500

$501 or more

Don’t know

16. How long ago did you (or the homeowner) purchase this new wine/beverage cooler?

[Drop-down menu]

Less than 1 year ago

At least 1 but less than 2 years ago

At least 2 but less than 3 years ago

At least 3 but less than 4 years ago

At least 4 but less than 5 years ago

At least 5 but less than 6 years ago

At least 6 but less than 8 years ago

At least 8 but less than 10 years ago

At least 10 years but less than 15 years ago

At least 15 years ago or more

Don’t know

17. How many bottles of wine are there in a dozen? [Drop-down menu]

1

2

6

12

24

50 or more

Don’t know

18. Was this wine/beverage cooler...

210
The first one you (or the homeowner) have owned?

A replacement of the same type of wine/beverage cooler that you (or the homeowner) 

owned before?

An upgrade to the wine/beverage cooler you (or the homeowner) owned before?

An additional wine/beverage cooler to the one you (or the homeowner) still own?

Don’t know

19. Does this wine/beverage cooler have internal lights?

Yes

No

Don’t know

If you answered “No” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to Question 22.

20. Are the lights operated automatically, or by a manual switch? 

Automatic

Manual switch

Don’t know

21. When the door is closed, are the lights usually...?

Off

On

Don’t know

Installation, repair and maintenance

22. When you (or the homeowner) acquired this wine/beverage cooler, how much did it cost 

to have it installed? [Drop-down menu]

Nothing: I installed it myself or someone installed it for free

Up to $10

Between $11 and $20

Between $21 and $30

211
Between $31 and $40

Between $41 and $50

Between $51 and $60

Between $61 and $80

Between $81 and $100

Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $400

Between $401 and $500

$501 or more

Don’t know

23. Has this wine/beverage cooler ever been repaired?

Yes

No

Don’t know

If you answered “No” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to Question 27.

24. How much did it cost to repair? [Drop-down menu]

Nothing: repaired for free or under warranty

Up to $10

Between $11 and $20

Between $21 and $30

Between $31 and $40

Between $41 and $50

Between $51 and $60

Between $61 and $80

212
Between $81 and $100

Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $400

Between $401 and $500

$501 or more

Don’t know

25. How long after you (or the homeowner) purchased it was it repaired? [Drop-down 

menu]

Less than 1 year ago

At least 1 but less than 2 years ago

At least 2 but less than 3 years ago

At least 3 but less than 4 years ago

At least 4 but less than 5 years ago

At least 5 but less than 6 years ago

At least 6 but less than 8 years ago

At least 8 but less than 10 years ago

At least 10 but less than 115 years ago

At least 15 years or more

Don’t know

26. Which component was repaired? Please check all that apply:

Compressor

Evaporator

Condenser

Evaporator or condenser fan

213
Door gasket

Other door component

Insulation

Electronics

Lighting

Something else

Don't know

27. Do you (or the homeowner) ever perform routine maintenance on this wine/beverage 

cooler?

Yes

No

Don't know

If you answered “No” or “Don’t know” to the above question, please skip to Question 29.

28. How much is spent each year on routine maintenance of this wine/beverage cooler?

[Drop-down menu]

Nothing: I perform the maintenance myself or someone does it for free

Up to $10 per year

Between $11 and $20 per year

Between $21 and $30 per year

Between $31 and $40 per year

Between $41 and $50 per year

Between $51 and $60 per year

Between $61 and $80 per year

Between $81 and $100 per year

$101 or more per year

Don’t know

214
29. When do you (or the homeowner) plan to replace this wine/beverage cooler? [Dropdown menu]

Do not plan to replace

Less than 1 year from now

At least 1 but less than 2 years from now

At least 2 but less than 3 years from now

At least 3 but less than 4 years from now

At least 4 but less than 5 years from now

At least 5 but less than 6 years from now

At least 6 but less than 8 years from now

At least 8 but less than 10 years from now

At least 10 but less than 15 years from now

At least 15 years from now or more

Don’t know

The next three questions ask for the brand and model number of this wine/beverage cooler. You 

can often find this information on the product “nameplate,” which is a small rectangular label 

usually located inside or on the back of the wine/beverage cooler. Your owner's manual will also 

provide you with the brand and model number. 

30. What is the brand of this wine/beverage cooler? If the brand doesn't appear on this list, 

please select "Other" at the bottom of the drop-down menu. [Drop-down menu]

Amana

Avanti Pro

Bon Jour

Bosch

Cuisinart

Dacor

Danby

Dometic

EdgeStar

Electrolux

215
Emerson

Franklin

Frigidaire

GE

Haier

Igloo

JennAir

Kalorik

KitchenAid

Liebherr

Magic Chef

Marvel

Miele

Sanyo

Scotsman

Sub-Zero

Summit

Sunbeam

Thermador

Tresanti

Uline

Viking

Vinotemp

Whirlpool

Whynter

Wine Enthusiast

Other

Don’t know/Decline to state

If you answered “Other” to question 30, please answer question 31. Otherwise, please skip 

to Question 32.

216
31. Please enter the brand name of this wine/beverage cooler: 

32. What is the full model number of this wine/beverage cooler? If you don't know, please 

skip this question.

Please enter model number:

33. Who is the current president of the U.S.? [Drop-down menu]

Amana

Bosch

Emerson

Franklin

GE

KitchenAid

Obama

Scotsman

Tresanti

Don’t know

DEMOGRAPHICS

34. What is your five digit zip code?

35. What is your gender?

Female

Male

Decline to state

36. Are you Hispanic or Latino?

Yes

No

Decline to state

217
37. What is your race? Please check all that apply:

American Indian or Alaska Native

Asian

Black or African American

Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander

White or Caucasian

other

Decline to state

38. What is your highest education level?

No schooling completed

Kindergarten to grade 12 (No Diploma)

High school diploma or GED

Some college, no degree

Associate’s degree (for example: AA, AS)

Bachelor’s degree (for example: BA, BS)

Master’s degree (for example: MA, MS, MBA)

Professional degree (for example: MD, JD)

Doctorate degree (for example: PhD, EdD)

Decline to state

39. How many people live in your home for most of the year (including you)?

Number of people

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don’t know/Decline to state

40. Of the people you included in the total for Question 39, how many people are in the 

following age categories (please fill in the number of people for all applicable categories)

Younger than 20

218
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn’t apply

20 to 29 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn’t apply

30 to 39 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn’t apply

40 to 49 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn’t apply

50 to 59 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn’t apply

60 to 69 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn’t apply

70 or older

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn’t apply

219
Age unknown

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Doesn’t apply

41. What is your combined annual household income?

$0-$19,999 per year

$20,000-$39,999 per year

$40,000-$59,999 per year

$60,000-$79,999 per year 

$80,000-$99,999 per year

$100,000-$119,999 per year

$120,000-$149,999 per year

$150,000-$199,999 per year

$200,000 or more per year

Don’t know/Decline to state

A.3.4 RI1 survey

Residential Icemaker Products Survey

This survey is for people who have at least one stand-alone icemaker in their home. An icemaker 

automatically produces ice (usually in small cubes) and keeps them frozen for later use. It is 

often included in a refrigerator or freezer, but some icemakers are completely separate from a 

standard refrigerator or freezer and are called “stand-alone icemakers.” WE ARE ONLY 

INTERESTED IN HOMES WITH STAND-ALONE ICEMAKERS.

Qualifications: U.S. residents at least 18 years old.

You must have at least one STAND-ALONE ICEMAKER in your home to take this 

survey.

Please answer honestly and accurately! We have provided plenty of time for you to answer 

every question carefully.

220
NOTE: You may NOT GET PAID if you do not qualify for this survey or answer all 

questions that you are NOT asked to skip. Also, due to the size of our research study, we 

may take up to 21 DAYS to pay you.

General questions

If you live in more than one home, please restrict your responses to the home you use the 

most that has a stand-alone icemaker.

Definitions:

A REFRIGERATOR cools items such as food to a temperature below 39°F (4°C). It may include 

a separate freezer, icemaker or wine/beverage cooler compartment.

A FREEZER freezes and stores items such as food at 0°F (–18°C) or below. It may include a 

separate icemaker or wine/beverage cooler compartment.

A WINE/BEVERAGE COOLER (sometimes called a wine cooler, wine chiller, beverage center 

or beverage cooler) is a special type of appliance used mainly for cooling liquids such as wine 

or beer, at 39° to 65°F (4° to 18°C). It is NOT designed for the safe preservation of food.

1. How many stand-alone icemakers are plugged in at your home right now?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• Refrigerators

• Freezers

• Wine/beverage coolers

• Icemakers that are part of a refrigerator or freezer

INCLUDE:

• Stand-alone icemakers (example)

Check the number of stand-alone icemakers

None

1

2

3

4

5 or more

221
Don't know

If you answered “None” to the above question, YOU CANNOT GET PAID FOR THIS 

SURVEY. PLEASE STOP AND EXIT. THANK YOU.

If you have more than one stand-alone icemaker in your home, please restrict your answers 

below to the largest-capacity unit.

The next few questions ask for the brand and model number of this icemaker. You can often find 

this information on the product “nameplate,” which is a small rectangular label usually located 

inside or on the back of the refrigerator. Your owner's manual may also provide you with the 

brand and model number.

2. What is the brand of this stand-alone icemaker? [Drop-down menu]

Amana

Avanti

Bon Jour

Bosch

Cuisinart

Dacor

Danby

Dometic

EdgeStar

Electrolux

Emerson

Franklin

Frigidaire

GE

Haier

Igloo

JennAir

Kalorik

Kenmore

KitchenAid

222
Koldfront

Koolatron

Liebherr

Magic Chef

Marvel

Miele

New Air

Norcold

Oster

Samsung

Sanyo

Scotsman

Sub-Zero

Summit

Sunbeam

Sunpentown

Thermador

Tresanti

Uline

Viking

Vinotemp

Vissani

Whirlpool

Whynter

Wine Enthusiast

Other

Don’t know/Decline to state

If you answered “Other” to the above question, please answer the next question. Otherwise, 

please skip to Question 4.

3. Please enter the brand of the stand-alone icemaker:

223
4. What is the full model number of this icemaker? 

Please enter model number:

5. How many pounds of ice can your stand-alone icemaker make per day?

DO NOT indicate how much ice YOU use, but rather how much ice your MACHINE can 

make.

Indicate how much ice your stand-alone icemaker can make per day:

Less than 5 pounds per day

Between 5 and 9 pounds per day

Between 10 and 14 pounds per day

Between 15 and 19 pounds per day

Between 20 and 29 pounds per day

Between 30 and 49 pounds per day

Between 50 and 79 pounds per day

At least 80 pounds per day

Don't know

6. Did you (or the homeowner) purchase this stand-alone icemaker new?

Yes

No

Don't know

If you answered “Yes” to the above question, please answer the next question. Otherwise, 

please skip to Question 10.

7. How much did you (or the homeowner) pay for this new icemaker (not including tax or 

rebates)? [Drop-down menu]

Up to $25

Between $26 and $50

Between $51 and $75

Between $76 and $100

224
Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $350

Between $351 and $400

Between $401 and $500

Between $501 and $600

Between $601 and $700

Between $701 and $800

Between $801 and $1,000

Between $1,001 and $1,200

Between $1,201 and $1,400

Between $1,401 and $1,600

Between $1,601 and $1,800

Between $1,801 and $2,000

Between $2,001 and $2,500

Between $2,501 and $3,000

Between $3,001 and $3,500

Between $3,501 and $4,000

$4,001 or more

Don’t know

8. If you (or the homeowner) received any kind of rebate, how much was it? [Drop-down 

menu]

No rebate

Up to $10

Between $11 and $20

Between $21 and $30

Between $31 and $40

225
Between $41 and $50

Between $51 and $60

Between $61 and $80

Between $81 and $100

Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $400

Between $401 and $500

$501 or more

Don’t know

9. How long ago did you (or the homeowner) purchase this new icemaker? [Drop-down 

menu]

Less than 12 months ago

At least 1 year but less than 2 years ago

At least 2 years but less than 3 years ago

At least 3 years but less than 4 years ago

At least 4 years but less than 5 years ago

At least 5 years but less than 6 years ago

At least 6 years but less than 8 years ago

At least 8 years but less than 10 years ago

At least 10 years but less than 12 years ago

At least 12 years but less than 15 years ago

At least 15 years ago

Don’t know

10. What are ice cubes typically made from?

Air

226
Glass

Steel

Water

Oil

Don't know

11. When you (or the homeowner) acquired this icemaker, how much did it cost to have it 

installed? [Drop-down menu]

Nothing: I installed it myself or someone installed it for free

Up to $10

Between $11 and $20

Between $21 and $30

Between $31 and $40

Between $41 and $50

Between $51 and $60

Between $61 and $80

Between $81 and $100

Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $400

Between $401 and $500

$501 or more

Don’t know

12. Has this icemaker ever been repaired?

Yes

No

227
Don't know

If you answered “Yes” to the above question, please answer the next question. Otherwise, 

please skip to Question 16.

If the icemaker was repaired more than once, please restrict your answer to the repair you are 

most familiar with.

13. How much did it cost to repair? [Drop-down menu]

Nothing: repaired for free or under warranty

Up to $10

Between $11 and $20

Between $21 and $30

Between $31 and $40

Between $41 and $50

Between $51 and $60

Between $61 and $80

Between $81 and $100

Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $400

Between $401 and $500

$501 or more

Don’t know

14. How long after you (or the homeowner) purchased it was it repaired? [Drop-down 

menu]

Less than 12 months ago

At least 1 year but less than 2 years ago

At least 2 years but less than 3 years ago

228
At least 3 years but less than 4 years ago

At least 4 years but less than 5 years ago

At least 5 years but less than 6 years ago

At least 6 years but less than 8 years ago

At least 8 years but less than 10 years ago

At least 10 years but less than 12 years ago

At least 12 years but less than 15 years ago

At least 15 years ago

Don’t know

15. Which component was repaired? Please check all that apply:

Compressor

Evaporator

Condenser

Fan

Door gasket

Other door component

Insulation

Electronics

Lighting

Something else

Don't know

16. Do you (or the homeowner) ever perform routine maintenance on this icemaker?

Yes

No

Don't know

17. How much is spent each year on routine maintenance of this icemaker? [Drop-down 

menu]

229
Nothing: I perform the maintenance myself or someone does it for free

Up to $10

Between $11 and $20

Between $21 and $30

Between $31 and $40

Between $41 and $50

Between $51 and $60

Between $61 and $80

Between $81 and $100

Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $400

Between $401 and $500

$501 or more

Don’t know

18. Who is the current president of the U.S.? [Drop-down menu]

Amana

Bosch

Danby

Emerson

Frigidaire

GE

Haier

JennAir

Kenmore

Miele

230
Obama

Sanyo

Tresanti

Uline

Viking

Whirlpool

Don’t know

Demographics

We want to make sure that our survey reflects the make-up of the US population, so we need to 

ask you a few questions about you and your household.

19. What is your five-digit ZIP code?

20. What is your gender?

Male

Female

Decline to state

21. Are you Hispanic or Latino?

Yes

No

Decline to state

22. What is your race? 

American Indian/Alaska Native

Asian

Black/African-American

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander

White or Caucasian

Two or more races

231
Other

Decline to state

23. What is your highest education level? [Drop-down menu]

No schooling completed

Kindergarten to grade 12 (No Diploma)

High school diploma or GED

Some college, no degree

Associate’s degree (for example: AA, AS)

Bachelor’s degree (for example: BA, BS)

Master’s degree (for example: MA, MS, MBA)

Professional degree (for example: MD, JD)

Doctorate degree (for example: PhD, EdD

Decline to state

24. How many people live in your home for most of the year (including you)?

Number of people

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or more

Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

25. Of the people you included in the total for Question 24, how many people are in the 

following age categories (please fill in the number of people for all applicable categories)

Younger than 20

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or more

Don't know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

20 to 29 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or more

232
Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

30 to 39 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or more

Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

40 to 49 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or more

Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

50 to 59 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or more

Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

60 to 69 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or more

Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

70 or older

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or more

Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

Age unknown or Prefer not to say

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 or more

Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

26. What is your combined annual household income? 

233
$0-$19,999 per year

$20,000-$39,999 per year

$40,000-$59,999 per year

$60,000-$79,999 per year

$80,000-$99,999 per year

$100,000-$119,999 per year

$120,000-$149,999 per year

$150,000-$199,999 per year

$200,000 or more per year

Don't know/Decline to state

27. What type of home do you live in most of the year? 

a Single-family detached house (a house detached from any other house)

a Single-family attached house (a house attached to one or more houses)

an Apartment building with 2-4 units

an Apartment building 5 or more units

a Mobile home

a Dormitory

Something else

Don't know

28. Is this home owned or rented?

Owned or being bought by someone in your household

Rented

Occupied without payment of rent

Don't know

Due to the size of our research study, we may take up to 21 DAYS to pay you.

234
235
A.3.5 NV1 survey

Thermoelectric and Absorption Cooling Refrigeration Products Survey

This survey is for people who have at least one refrigerator or freezer that runs on 

THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION COOLING technology. Most refrigeration products use 

vapor compression technology to keep foods and beverages cold. But some refrigeration 

products use other types of technologies. One technology is called thermoelectric cooling and 

another is called absorption cooling. Both are quieter than regular refrigeration technology and 

produce little vibration. Also, absorption cooling can be powered by propane or some other fuel 

as well as by electricity. WE ARE ONLY INTERESTED IN HOMES WITH THERMOELECTRIC 

OR ABSORPTION COOLING REFRIGERATORS OR FREEZERS.

Qualifications: U.S. residents at least 18 years old.

You must have at least one THERMOELECTRIC OR ABSORPTION COOLING 

REFRIGERATOR OR FREEZER in your home to take this survey.

Please answer honestly and accurately! We have provided plenty of time for you to upload 

photographs, and answer every question carefully.

NOTE: You may NOT GET PAID if you do not qualify for this survey or answer all 

questions that you are NOT asked to skip. Also, due to the size of our research study, we 

may take up to 21 DAYS to pay you.

If you live in more than one home, please restrict your responses to the home you use the 

most that has a thermoelectric or absorption cooling refrigeration product.

Definitions:

A REFRIGERATOR cools items such as food to a temperature below 39°F (4°C). It may include 

a separate freezer, icemaker or wine/beverage cooler compartment.

A FREEZER freezes and stores items such as food at 0°F (–18°C) or below. It may include a 

separate icemaker or wine/beverage cooler compartment.

An ICEMAKER automatically produces ice (usually in small cubes) and keeps them frozen for 

later use. It is often included in a refrigerator or freezer, but some icemakers are completely 

separate from a standard refrigerator or freezer and are called STAND-ALONE ICEMAKERS.

A WINE/BEVERAGE COOLER (sometimes called a wine cooler, wine chiller, beverage center 

or beverage cooler) is a special type of appliance used mainly for cooling liquids such as wine 

or beer, at 39° to 65°F (4° to 18°C). It is NOT designed for the safe preservation of food.

Refrigerators

236
1. Do you have a refrigerator that uses THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION 

COOLING technology to provide cooling?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• Refrigerators that use vapor compression technology

• Stand-alone freezers

• Stand-alone icemakers

• Stand-alone wine/beverage coolers (devices not designed to reach temperatures below 

39°F (4°C), which is required for the safe preservation of food)

INCLUDE:

• Thermoelectric or absorption cooling refrigerators

• Thermoelectric or absorption cooling refrigerators with freezer compartments

• Thermoelectric or absorption cooling refrigerators with an automatic icemaker

• Thermoelectric or absorption cooling refrigerators with wine/beverage cooler 

section or compartment

Indicate the number refrigerators in your home that use THERMOELECTRIC or 

ABSORPTION COOLING technology.

None

1

2

3

4 or more

Don't know

If you answered “None” to the above question, please skip to Question 19. Otherwise, 

please answer the next question.

If you have more than one thermoelectric or absorption cooling refrigerator in your home, 

please restrict your answers below to the largest-capacity unit.

The next few questions ask for the brand and model number of this refrigerator. You can often 

find this information on the product “nameplate,” which is a small rectangular label usually 

located inside or on the back of the refrigerator. Your owner's manual may also provide you with 

the brand and model number.

2. What is the brand of this refrigerator? [Drop-down menu]

237
Amana

Avanti

Bon Jour

Bosch

Cuisinart

Dacor

Danby

Dometic

EdgeStar

Electrolux

Emerson

Franklin

Frigidaire

GE

Haier

Igloo

JennAir

Kalorik

Kenmore

KitchenAid

Koldfront

Koolatron

Liebherr

Magic Chef

Marvel

Miele

New Air

Norcold

Oster

Samsung

238
Sanyo

Scotsman

Sub-Zero

Summit

Sunbeam

Sunpentown

Thermador

Tresanti

Uline

Viking

Vinotemp

Vissani

Whirlpool

Whynter

Wine Enthusiast

Other

Don’t know/Decline to state

If you answered “Other” to the above question, please answer the next question. Otherwise, 

please skip to Question 4.

3. Please enter the brand of the refrigerator:

4. What is the full model number of this refrigerator?

Please enter model number:

5. The capacity of a refrigerator is normally listed on the “nameplate,” which as mentioned 

above is a small rectangular label usually located inside or on the back of the unit. You can 

also find this information in the owner’s manual.

Please estimate the total capacity of this refrigerator:

Small compact = less than 4 cubic feet (113 liters)

Large compact =at least 4 but less than 7.75 cubic feet (113 to 219 liters)

239
Very small = at least 7.75 but less than 12 cubic feet (220 to 340 liters)

Small =at least 12 but less than 16 cubic feet (340 to 453 liters)

Medium = at least 16 but less than 20 cubic feet (453 to 566 liters)

Large = at least 20 but less than 24 cubic feet (566 to 680 liters)

Very large = at least 24 cubic feet (680 liters)

Don't know

6. If this refrigerator has a separate freezer compartment, what is the estimated size of this 

compartment?

Does not have a separate freezer compartment

Less than 0.5 cubic feet (14 liters), enough for ice trays but little else

More than 0.5 cubic feet (14 liters)

Don’t know

7. Did you (or the homeowner) purchase this refrigerator new?

Yes

No

Don't know

If you answered “Yes” to the above question, please answer the next question. Otherwise, 

please skip to Question 11.

8. How much did you (or the homeowner) pay for this new refrigerator (not including tax 

or rebates)? [Drop-down menu]

Up to $25

Between $26 and $50

Between $51 and $75

Between $76 and $100

Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

240
Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $350

Between $351 and $400

Between $401 and $500

Between $501 and $600

Between $601 and $700

Between $701 and $800

Between $801 and $1,000

Between $1,001 and $1,200

Between $1,201 and $1,400

Between $1,401 and $1,600

Between $1,601 and $1,800

Between $1,801 and $2,000

Between $2,001 and $2,500

Between $2,501 and $3,000

Between $3,001 and $3,500

Between $3,501 and $4,000

$4,001 or more

Don’t know

9. If you (or the homeowner) received any kind of rebate, how much was it? [Drop-down 

menu]

No rebate

Up to $10

Between $11 and $20

Between $21 and $30

Between $31 and $40

Between $41 and $50

Between $51 and $60

Between $61 and $80

Between $81 and $100

241
Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $400

Between $401 and $500

$501 or more

Don’t know

10. How long ago did you (or the homeowner) purchase this new refrigerator? [Drop-down 

menu]

Less than 12 months ago

At least 1 year but less than 2 years ago

At least 2 years but less than 3 years ago

At least 3 years but less than 4 years ago

At least 4 years but less than 5 years ago

At least 5 years but less than 6 years ago

At least 6 years but less than 8 years ago

At least 8 years but less than 10 years ago

At least 10 years but less than 12 years ago

At least 12 years but less than 15 years ago

At least 15 years ago

Don’t know

11. What material are wine bottles typically made from?

Fabric

Glass

Rubber

Tile

Wood

242
Don't know

12. When you (or the homeowner) acquired this refrigerator, how much did it cost to have 

it installed? [Drop-down menu]

Nothing: I installed it myself or someone installed it for free

Up to $10

Between $11 and $20

Between $21 and $30

Between $31 and $40

Between $41 and $50

Between $51 and $60

Between $61 and $80

Between $81 and $100

Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $400

Between $401 and $500

$501 or more

Don’t know

13. Has this refrigerator ever been repaired?

Yes

No

Don't know

If you answered “Yes” to the above question, please answer the next question. Otherwise, 

please skip to Question 17.

If the refrigerator was repaired more than once, please restrict your answer to the repair you 

are most familiar with. 

243
14. How much did it cost to repair? [Drop-down menu]

Nothing: repaired for free or under warranty

Up to $10

Between $11 and $20

Between $21 and $30

Between $31 and $40

Between $41 and $50

Between $51 and $60

Between $61 and $80

Between $81 and $100

Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $400

Between $401 and $500

$501 or more

Don’t know

15. How long after you (or the homeowner) purchased it was it repaired? [Drop-down 

menu]

Less than 12 months ago

At least 1 year but less than 2 years ago

At least 2 years but less than 3 years ago

At least 3 years but less than 4 years ago

At least 4 years but less than 5 years ago

At least 5 years but less than 6 years ago

At least 6 years but less than 8 years ago

At least 8 years but less than 10 years ago

244
At least 10 years but less than 12 years ago

At least 12 years but less than 15 years ago

At least 15 years ago

Don’t know

16. Which component was repaired? Please check all that apply :

Door gasket

Other door component

Insulation

Electronics

Lighting

Something else

Don't know

17. Do you (or the homeowner) ever perform routine maintenance on this refrigerator?

Yes

No

Don't know

If you answered “Yes” to the above question, please answer the next question. Otherwise, 

please skip to Question 19.

18. How much is spent each year on routine maintenance of this refrigerator? [Drop-down 

menu]

Nothing: I perform the maintenance myself or someone does it for free

Up to $10

Between $11 and $20

Between $21 and $30

Between $31 and $40

Between $41 and $50

Between $51 and $60

245
Between $61 and $80

Between $81 and $100

Between $101 and $125

Between $126 and $150

Between $151 and $200

Between $201 and $250

Between $251 and $300

Between $301 and $400

Between $401 and $500

$501 or more

Don’t know

Freezers

19. Do you have a freezer that uses THERMOELECTRIC or ABSORPTION COOLING 

technology to provide cooling?

DO NOT INCLUDE:

• Freezers that use vapor compression technology

• Refrigerators

• Refrigerators with a separate freezer compartment

• Stand-alone wine/beverage coolers

• Stand-alone residential icemakers

INCLUDE:

• Stand-alone thermoelectric or absorption cooling freezers

• Thermoelectric or absorption cooling freezers with an automatic icemaker

• Thermoelectric or absorption cooling freezers with a wine/beverage cooler section 

or compartment

Indicate how many freezers in your home use thermoelectric or absorption cooling.

None

1

2

3

246
4 or more

Don't know

20. What is the brand of this freezer? [Drop-down menu]

Amana

Avanti

Bon Jour

Bosch

Cuisinart

Dacor

Danby

Dometic

EdgeStar

Electrolux

Emerson

Franklin

Frigidaire

GE

Haier

Igloo

JennAir

Kalorik

Kenmore

KitchenAid

Koldfront

Koolatron

Liebherr

Magic Chef

Marvel

Miele

247
New Air

Norcold

Oster

Samsung

Sanyo

Scotsman

Sub-Zero

Summit

Sunbeam

Sunpentown

Thermador

Tresanti

Uline

Viking

Vinotemp

Vissani

Whirlpool

Whynter

Wine Enthusiast

Other

Don’t know/Decline to state

If you answered “Other” to the above question, please answer the next question. Otherwise, 

please skip to question 22.

21. Please enter the brand name of this freezer:

22. What is the full model number of this freezer? 

23. Who is the current president of the U.S.? [Drop-down menu]

Amana

Bosch

248
Danby

Emerson

Frigidaire

GE

Haier

JennAir

Kenmore

Miele

Obama

Sanyo

Tresanti

Uline

Viking

Whirlpool

Don’t know

Demographics

We want to make sure that our survey reflects the make-up of the US population, so we need to 

ask you a few questions about you and your household.

24. What is your five-digit ZIP code?

25. What is your gender?

Male

Female

Decline to state

26. Are you Hispanic or Latino?

Yes

No

Decline to state

249
27. What is your race? 

American Indian/Alaska Native

Asian

Black/African-American

Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander

White or Caucasian

Two or more races

Other

Decline to state

28. What is your highest education level? [Drop-down menu]

No schooling completed

Kindergarten to grade 12 (No Diploma)

High school diploma or GED

Some college, no degree

Associate’s degree (for example: AA, AS)

Bachelor’s degree (for example: BA, BS)

Master’s degree (for example: MA, MS, MBA)

Professional degree (for example: MD, JD)

Doctorate degree (for example: PhD, EdD

Decline to state

29. How many people live in your home for most of the year (including you)?

Number of people

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

30. Of the people you included in the total for Question 29, how many people are in the 

following age categories (please fill in the number of people for all applicable categories)

Younger than 20

250
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

20 to 29 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

30 to 39 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

40 to 49 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

50 to 59 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

60 to 69 years old

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

70 or older

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn’t apply

251
Age unknown or Prefer not to say

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 or more Don’t know/Decline to state Doesn't apply

31. What is your combined annual household income? 

$0-$19,999 per year

$20,000-$39,999 per year

$40,000-$59,999 per year

$60,000-$79,999 per year

$80,000-$99,999 per year

$100,000-$119,999 per year

$120,000-$149,999 per year

$150,000-$199,999 per year

$200,000 or more per year

Don't know/Decline to state

32. What type of home do you live in most of the year? 

a Single-family detached house (a house detached from any other house)

a Single-family attached house (a house attached to one or more houses)

an Apartment building with 2-4 units

an Apartment building 5 or more units

a Mobile home

a Dormitory

Something else

Don't know

33. Is this home owned or rented?

Owned or being bought by someone in your household

Rented

252
Occupied without payment of rent

Don't know

Due to the size of our research study, we may take up to 21 DAYS to pay you.

 

253

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