ref2014.d102413a **2011 2012** **2013 2014** 



### ReportAnnual Energy Outlook 2014 Scenarioref2014 Datekeyd102413a Release Date April 2014



## 17. Renewable Energy Consumption by Sector and Source (quadrillion Btu, unless otherwise noted)

**Sector and Source 2011** **2012 2013** **2014**
**Marketed Renewable Energy 1/**

Residential (wood) 0.54 0.45 0.58 0.54
Commercial (biomass) 0.11 0.13 0.13 0.13
Industrial 2/ 1.95 2.00 2.00 2.00 Conventional Hydroelectric 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 Municipal Waste 3/ 0.17 0.19 0.19 0.19 Biomass 1.30 1.28 1.27 1.30 Biofuels Heat and Coproducts 0.46 0.52 0.53 0.49
Transportation 1.21 1.22 1.27 1.32 Ethanol used in E85 4/ 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 Ethanol used in Gasoline Blending 1.09 1.09 1.09 1.12 Biodiesel used in Distillate Blending 0.12 0.12 0.17 0.18 Biobutanol 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Liquids from Biomass 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Renewable Diesel and Gasoline 5/ 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01
Electric Power 6/ 4.80 4.59 4.82 5.01 Conventional Hydroelectric 3.09 2.66 2.57 2.64 Geothermal 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.17 Biogenic Municipal Waste 7/ 0.19 0.21 0.24 0.25 Biomass 0.18 0.15 0.17 0.20 Dedicated Plants 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.19 Cofiring 0.03-0.01 0.01 0.01 Solar Thermal 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 Solar Photovoltaic 0.01 0.03 0.06 0.10 Wind 1.17 1.38 1.60 1.62**Total Marketed Renewable Energy 8.62**  **8.39 8.80**  **9.00**

**Sources of Ethanol** From Corn and Other Starch 1.18 1.12 1.11 1.16 From Cellulose 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Net Imports -0.09-0.02-0.01-0.03 Total U.S. Supply of Ethanol 1.09 1.10 1.10 1.13

**Nonmarketed Renewable Energy** Selected Consumption 8/

Residential 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.07 Solar Hot Water Heating 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 Geothermal Heat Pumps 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Solar Photovoltaic 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 Wind 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Commercial 0.11 0.13 0.15 0.16 Solar Thermal 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 Solar Photovoltaic 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.08 Wind 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

all transactions may not necessarily be marketed, and marketed renewable energy inputs for electricity entering the marketplace on the electric power grid. Excludes electricity imports; see Table 2. Actual heat rates used to determine fuel consumption for all renewable fuels except hydropower, geothermal, solar, and wind. Consumption at hydroelectric, geothermal, solar, and wind facilities is determined by using the fossil fuel equivalent of 9,716 Btu per kilowatthour. 2/ Includes combined heat and power plants that have a non-regulatory status, and small on-site generating systems. 3/ Includes municipal waste, landfill gas, and municipal sewage sludge. All municipal waste is included, although a portion of the municipal waste stream contains petroleum-derived plastics and other non-renewable sources. 4/ Excludes motor gasoline component of E85. 5/ Renewable feedstocks for the on-site production of diesel and gasoline. 6/ Includes consumption of energy by electricity-only and combined heat and power plants that have a regulatory status. 7/ Includes biogenic municipal waste, landfill gas, and municipal sewage sludge. Incremental growth is assumed to be for landfill gas facilities. Only biogenic municipal waste is included. The U.S. Energy Information Administration estimates that in 2012 approximately .3 quadrillion Btus were consumed from a municipal waste stream containing petroleum-derived plastics and other non-renewable sources. See U.S. Energy Information Administration, Methodology for Allocating Municipal Solid Waste to Biogenic and Non-Biogenic Energy, (Washington, DC, May 2007). 8/ Includes selected renewable energy consumption data for which the energy is not bought or sold, either directly or indirectly as an input to marketed energy. The U.S. Energy Information Administration does not estimate or project total consumption of nonmarketed renewable energy. - - = Not applicable. Btu = British thermal unit. Note: Totals may not equal sum of components due to independent rounding. Data for 2011 and 2012 are model results and may differ from official EIA data reports. Sources: 2011 and 2012 ethanol: U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), Monthly Energy Review, DOE/EIA-0035(2013/09) (Washington, DC, September 2013). 2011 and 2012 1/ Includes nonelectric renewable energy groups for which the energy source is bought and sold in the marketplace, althoughelectric power sector: EIA, Form EIA-860, "Annual Electric Generator Report" (preliminary). Other

2011 and 2012 values: EIA, Office of Energy Analysis. Projections: EIA, AEO2014 National Energy Modeling System run ref2014.d102413a.**2015 2016** **2017 2018** **2019 2020** **2021 2022** **2023**



### Reference case

**2015 2016** **2017 2018** **2019 2020** **2021 2022** **2023**

0.50 0.48 0.47 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46 0.46

0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13

2.29 2.35 2.39 2.42 2.46 2.50 2.54 2.58 2.62 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.19 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 1.37 1.42 1.45 1.47 1.50 1.53 1.56 1.59 1.62 0.71 0.72 0.73 0.74 0.75 0.76 0.77 0.78 0.79

1.34 1.34 1.36 1.38 1.40 1.42 1.43 1.46 1.45 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.08 0.10 0.13 0.16 0.20 0.21 1.14 1.13 1.12 1.10 1.08 1.07 1.04 1.02 1.00 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

5.38 5.72 5.85 5.93 6.00 6.08 6.17 6.19 6.29 2.70 2.75 2.80 2.79 2.79 2.79 2.81 2.81 2.82 0.17 0.18 0.21 0.24 0.26 0.28 0.29 0.31 0.32 0.24 0.24 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.24 0.23 0.24 0.20 0.27 0.31 0.37 0.41 0.47 0.54 0.56 0.62 0.18 0.20 0.22 0.22 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.02 0.07 0.10 0.15 0.17 0.23 0.29 0.30 0.36 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.12 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 1.93 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11 2.11**9.64 10.02** **10.20 10.33** **10.45 10.58** **10.73 10.82** **10.95**

1.09 1.09 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.11 1.10 1.11 1.12 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.08 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.22 1.22

0.10 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

0.17 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

all transactions may not necessarily be marketed, and marketed renewable energy inputs for electricity entering the marketplace**2024 2025** **2026 2027** **2028 2029** **2030 2031** **2032**

**2024 2025** **2026 2027** **2028 2029** **2030 2031** **2032**

0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.45 0.44 0.44 0.44 0.44

0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13

2.64 2.67 2.70 2.72 2.74 2.77 2.79 2.82 2.84 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 1.64 1.67 1.70 1.73 1.75 1.77 1.80 1.82 1.84 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.79

1.46 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.46 1.45 0.23 0.25 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.98 0.97 0.95 0.94 0.92 0.92 0.91 0.91 0.91 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

6.34 6.42 6.45 6.50 6.54 6.62 6.68 6.74 6.79 2.83 2.83 2.83 2.84 2.84 2.85 2.86 2.86 2.87 0.35 0.36 0.38 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.53 0.24 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.63 0.70 0.71 0.71 0.72 0.77 0.79 0.81 0.82 0.26 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.38 0.45 0.46 0.46 0.47 0.51 0.54 0.56 0.56 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.17 2.11 2.11 2.12 2.12 2.12 2.12 2.13 2.13 2.14**11.02 11.12** **11.19 11.26** **11.32 11.42** **11.50 11.59** **11.65**

1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 1.12 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22

0.15 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.20 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.16 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01

0.20 0.21 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01**2033 2034** **2035 2036** **2037 2038** **2039 2040** 

**2033 2034** **2035 2036** **2037 2038** **2039 2040** **2012-2040**

0.43 0.43 0.43 0.43 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42-0.3%

0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.130.0%

2.86 2.89 2.92 2.95 2.97 3.01 3.04 3.071.5% 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.010.0% 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.200.2% 1.86 1.89 1.92 1.95 1.98 2.01 2.04 2.071.7% 0.79 0.79 0.79 0.78 0.78 0.78 0.79 0.79 1.5%

1.45 1.46 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.45 1.47 1.490.7% 0.30 0.30 0.29 0.27 0.25 0.24 0.23 0.2211.9% 0.91 0.92 0.93 0.94 0.96 0.98 1.01 1.04-0.2% 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.171.5% 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 - -

6.82 6.89 6.95 7.05 7.14 7.24 7.34 7.441.7% 2.87 2.87 2.88 2.88 2.88 2.88 2.89 2.890.3% 0.55 0.58 0.59 0.60 0.61 0.63 0.64 0.655.4% 0.23 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.24 0.25 0.24 0.250.6% 0.82 0.83 0.83 0.83 0.84 0.84 0.85 0.866.5% 0.26 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.28 0.29 0.29 0.302.3% 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 0.56 - - 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.035.0% 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.21 0.24 0.27 0.30 0.348.9% 2.14 2.15 2.19 2.24 2.28 2.34 2.38 2.412.0%**11.71 11.80** **11.89 12.01** **12.12 12.26** **12.40 12.54** **1.4%**

1.12 1.12 1.12 1.11 1.11 1.11 1.13 1.130.0% 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 - - 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.11 - - 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.21 1.21 1.22 1.24 1.260.5%

0.21 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.24 0.25 0.26 0.276.9% 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.012.4% 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.033.2% 0.17 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.228.3% 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.019.1%

0.27 0.28 0.29 0.30 0.32 0.33 0.34 0.353.7% 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.10 0.11 1.0% 0.17 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.22 0.23 0.245.9% 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.018.3%