# Patent

## Title
Plating method

## Abstract

A plating method for pre-plating or plating a cylinder inner peripheral surface to be treated of a cylinder block by introducing treatment liquid to the cylinder inner peripheral surface by using a plating apparatus provided with a sealing jig having a sealing member and an electrode to which the seal jig is mounted includes the steps, which are performed successively: sealing the cylinder inner peripheral surface by bringing the sealing jig into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface; introducing the treatment liquid to the cylinder inner peripheral surface; and treating the cylinder inner peripheral surface by applying predetermined charge to the electrode of the plating apparatus and the cylinder block to thereby perform pre-plating or plating process in a state that a liquid to be treated fills a space including the cylinder inner peripheral surface. In the method, the treatment liquid introducing step is performed after confirmation of sealing by the sealing step.

## Background
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)
This U.S. Non-Provisional Utility Patent Application claims priority to and relies for priority upon Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-058371, which was filed on Mar. 7, 2008, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a plating method for pre-plating or plating a cylinder inner peripheral surface by introducing treatment liquid to the cylinder inner peripheral surface to be treated of a cylinder block in a use of a plating apparatus.
2. Related Art
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication Nos. 8-199390 and 8-144082 disclose techniques for effecting surface treatment such as plating treatment to the inner peripheral surface to be treated of a cylinder block, for example, by introducing treatment liquid to the cylinder inner peripheral surface and flowing the treatment liquid after sealing the cylinder inner peripheral surface.
However, in the sealing method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 8-199390, leakage of the treatment liquid may occur because it cannot be confirmed whether a cylinder inner peripheral surface is completely sealed.
In the surface treatment method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 8-144082, because expansion or contraction of an air tube is not detected, leakage of the treatment liquid may occur when the treatment liquid is introduced in such a state that the air tube expands improperly due to damage and a cylinder inner peripheral surface is incompletely sealed by the air tube.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In view of the circumstances encountered in the prior art mentioned above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a plating method capable of completely preventing treatment liquid from leaking due to incomplete sealing to a surface to be treated.
The above and other objects can be achieved according to the present invention by providing a plating method for pre-plating or plating a cylinder inner peripheral surface to be treated of a cylinder block by introducing treatment liquid to the cylinder inner peripheral surface by using a plating apparatus provided with a sealing jig having a sealing member and an electrode to which the seal jig is mounted, the method comprising the steps of:
sealing the cylinder inner peripheral surface by bringing the sealing jig into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface;
introducing the treatment liquid to the cylinder inner peripheral surface; and
treating the cylinder inner peripheral surface by applying predetermined charge to the electrode of the plating apparatus and the cylinder block to thereby perform pre-plating or plating process in a state that a liquid to be treated fills a space including the cylinder inner peripheral surface,
wherein the above steps are performed successively, and the treatment liquid introducing step is performed after confirmation of the sealing by the sealing step by bringing the sealing member into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface.
In a preferred embodiment, it may be desired that the confirmation of the sealing by the sealing step is also performed during the liquid introducing step and the treating step, and when the sealing by the sealing step is incompletely performed, the liquid introducing step and the treating step are immediately stopped.
The plating method may further includes a step of retracting the electrode which is arranged so as to oppose to the cylinder inner peripheral surface in the cylinder block after the treating step, and wherein the electrode retracting step is performed after confirmation of that the sealing member is separated from the cylinder inner peripheral surface.
According to the present invention, the treatment liquid is introduced to the cylinder inner peripheral surface in a liquid introducing and supplying step after the confirmation of the sealing on the cylinder inner peripheral surface by a sealing member of the sealing jig in a sealing step, thereby surely preventing the treatment liquid from leaking caused by incomplete sealing on the cylinder inner peripheral surface to be treated.
The nature and further characteristic features will be made clearer from the following descriptions made with reference to the accompanying drawings.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is an overall front view illustrating a plating treatment apparatus for carrying out a plating method according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view illustrating a portion around an electrode and an air joint of the plating treatment apparatus in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3A is a sectional view illustrating an expanded state of a sealing member of a sealing jig shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3B is a sectional view illustrating a contracted state of the sealing member;
FIG. 4 is a plan view illustrating the sealing member shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line V-V of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a plan view illustrating a lower plate as a seal support member shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a plan view illustrating a seal base shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the line IX-IX of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a plan view illustrating a sealing jig mounting plate as an insulating member shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along the line XI-XI of FIG. 10; and
FIG. 12 is a flowchart representing the embodiment of the plating method executed by the plating treatment apparatus shown in FIG. 1.



DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described hereunder with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is further to be noted that terms “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right” and the like terms are used herein in an illustrated state or in an actually mounted state.
With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a cylinder inner peripheral surface 3, which is a surface to be treated, of a cylinder block 1 of an engine, for example, is pre-plated or plated at high speed by using a plating treatment apparatus 10 illustrated in FIG. 1 while introducing an treatment liquid (pre-plating liquid or plating liquid) to the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3.
The plating treatment apparatus 10 includes an apparatus body 11, an electrode 12, a sealing jig 13, a work holding jig 14, an air joint 15, a clamp cylinder 16, and an electrode cylinder 17. In the present embodiment, the cylinder block 1 is a V-type cylinder block for a V-type engine, and the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of a plurality of cylinders 2 formed with a predetermined angle in the cylinder block 1 is concurrently pre-plated or plated.
The apparatus body 11 is firmly installed on a base 18. The apparatus body 11 is provided with a work mounting platform 19 for mounting the cylinder block 1. The cylinder block 1 is mounted on the work mounting platform 19 with a cylinder head surface 4 directed downward.
On the apparatus body 11, the work holding jig 14 is installed above the work mounting platform so as to be vertically movable by the clamp cylinder 16. The work holding jig 14 is provided with a clamp, not shown. The work holding jig 14 comes into contact with a crankcase surface 5 of the cylinder block 1 mounted on the work mounting platform 19 at a lowered position. At this time, the clamp of the work holding jig 14 clamps the side portion of the crankcase surface 5 of the cylinder block 1 so as to hold the cylinder block 1 between the work mounting platform 19 and the work holding jig 14.
The electrode 12 is supported by an electrode supporting portion 20, and the electrode supporting portion 20 is mounted on the electrode cylinder 17 installed on the apparatus body 11. Through reciprocal motion of the electrode cylinder 17, the electrode 12 is inserted into the cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 1 and is retracted (drawn out) from the cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 1.
In FIG. 1, the left side electrode 12 is inserted into the cylinder 2 and in FIG. 2, the right side electrode 12 is retracted from the cylinder 2. When the electrode 12 is inserted into the cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 1, a seal ring 21 (FIG. 2) made of such as silicon rubber sheet fitted on the electrode supporting portion 20 comes into contact with the cylinder head surface 4 of the cylinder 1 so that the cylinder head surface 4 side of the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 is sealed.
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the sealing jig 13 is mounted on an upper end of the electrode 12 and the air joint 15 is installed on the work holding jig 14. When the electrode 12 is inserted into the cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 1, the sealing jig 13 comes into contact with the air coupling 15 as illustrated in FIG. 2, and air as a fluid is supplied from a main air coupling 22 of the air joint 15 to a sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13. Hence, the sealing member 33 is expanded only in a radial direction and comes into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1, and then, the crankcase surface 5 side of the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 is sealed.
To the electrode supporting portion 20 illustrated in FIG. 1, a treatment liquid pipe 23 is connected. The treatment liquid pipe 23 is further connected to a liquid supply pump 24 (FIG. 2). In the state of the crankcase surface 5 side in the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 sealed by the sealing member 33, the liquid supply pump 24 introduces a treatment liquid (pre-plating liquid or plating liquid) reserved in a reservoir tank 25 into the electrode 12 through the treatment liquid pipe 23 and the electrode supporting portion 20. The treatment liquid introduced into the electrode 12, as illustrated in FIG. 2, is introduced into a space 27 partitioned by an outer peripheral surface of the electrode 12 and the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 through a slit 26 between a lower plate 34 of the sealing jig 13 and the electrode 12, and then, the treatment liquid circulates between the space 27 and the reservoir tank 25.
As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the electrode supporting portion 20 is connected to a lead wire 28, which is connected to a power supply 30. The power supply device 30 supplies electric power to the electrode 12 through the lead wire 28 and the electrode supporting portion 20 in a state that the treatment liquid fills the space 27. The power is supplied so that the electrode 12 becomes a negative pole and the cylinder block 1 becomes a positive pole in pre-plating, thereby pre-plating the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1. In the plating treatment, the power supply is implemented so that the electrode 12 becomes a positive pole and the cylinder block 1 becomes a negative pole so as to plate the cylinder inner peripheral surface 33 to thereby form a plating film on the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3. Plating-preprocessing and plating are performed with different treatment liquids and energizing conditions.
Although FIG. 1 illustrates only one air joint 15, the air joints 15 of the number corresponding to that of the electrodes 12 are provided on the work holding jig 14. Reference numeral 31 in FIG. 1 denotes a cleaning shutter which operates when a cleaning liquid is injected into the cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 1 for cleaning after the pre-plating or plating is applied onto the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 and the electrode 12 is retracted from the cylinder block 1.
Referring next to FIGS. 2 to 11, configurations of the sealing jig 13 and the air joint 15 will be described.
The sealing jig 13 includes the sealing member 33, the lower plate 34 and a seal base 35 and serves to seal the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 in contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 at the time when the treatment liquid is introduced to the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1.
The sealing member 33, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 5, is made of an expandable material, such as an elastic member like a rubber and is formed into a ring-buoy shape. An inner peripheral portion of the sealing member 33 is opened and provided with an opening portion 49, and an engaging protrusion 36 is formed on both sides in the vicinity of the opening portion 49. An outer peripheral portion 33A of the sealing member 33 is configured to be contactable with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1.
The lower plate 34 is formed, as illustrated in FIGS. 3, 6, and 7, so that a swelling portion 37 is integrally formed in the center of a disc portion 32. A ring member 39 formed with a peripheral groove 38 is disposed on an outer periphery of the swelling portion 37. The swelling portion 37 is formed with main air flow paths 40C and 40D communicating with each other. A plurality of, for example, three, main air flow paths 40D are formed at uniform intervals in a circumferential direction of the lower plate 34. The main air flow paths 40D communicate with the peripheral groove 38 in the ring member 39 and further communicate with main air flow paths 40E formed so as to communicate with the peripheral groove 38. A plurality of the main air flow paths 40E, for example three, is formed in the circumferential direction of the ring member 39.
On the disc portion 32 of the lower plate 34, an engaging groove 41 is formed into a ring shape at a boundary portion to the swelling portion 37. The engaging protrusion 36 of the sealing member 33 engages with the engaging groove 41. In addition, a fastening internal thread portion 42 and a bolt through-hole 44 for inserting a bolt 43 are formed on the disc portion 32 and the swelling portion 37.
As illustrated in FIG. 3, the lower plate 34 is structured so that the disc portion 32 supports a side surface (a lower side surface 33C in FIG. 3) of the sealing member 33 in such a state that the opening portion 49 of the sealing member 33 is fitted to the ring member 39 and the engaging protrusion 36 of the sealing member 33 engages with the engaging groove 41.
In the seal base 35, as illustrated in FIGS. 3, 8, and 9, a swelling portion 46 is integrally formed in the middle of the disc portion 45, and the swelling portion 46 is formed with a seating portion 47 and a main air flow path 40B. A seal sheet 48 is fitted to the seating portion 47, and a main air flow path 40A communicating with a main air flow path 40B is bored through the seal sheet 48. The main air flow path 40B is formed to communicate with a main air flow path 40C of the lower plate 34.
Further, the disc portion 45 is formed with a recessed portion 50 into which the swelling portion 37 of the lower plate 34 is fitted at a position opposite to the seating portion 47, and an engaging groove 51 is formed into a ring shape outside the recessed portion 50. The swelling portion 37 of the lower plate 34 and the engaging protrusion 36 of the sealing member 33 are engaged respectively with the concentric recessed portions 50 and 51, each in stepped shape, formed on the opposite side of the seating portion 47 of the disc portion 45. A threaded bolt hole 52 for screwing a bolt 43 is formed through the disc portion 45 and the swelling portion 46.
As illustrated in FIG. 3, in a state that the swelling portion 37 of the lower plate 34 is fitted into the recessed portion 50 in the seal base 35, the opening portion 49 of the sealing member 33 is fitted to the ring member 39 of the lower plate 34, and the engaging protrusion 36 of the sealing member 33 is fitted into the engaging groove 41 on the lower plate 34. The engaging groove 51 of the seal base 35, the sealing member 33, the lower plate 34 and the seal base 35 are integrated by screwing the bolt 43 into the bolt threaded hole 44 of the lower plate 34 and the threaded bolt hole 52 of the seal base 35, thus constituting the sealing jig 13.
Under such a condition, the lower plate 34 and the seal base 35 are disposed so as to face each other, and the disc portion 32 of the lower plate 34 supports a side surface (a lower side surface 33C in FIG. 3) of one side of the sealing member 33, while the disc portion 45 of the seal base 35 supports a side surface (an upper side surface 33B) of the other side of the sealing member 33 in surface-contacting state.
In addition, the sealing member 33, the lower plate 34 and the seal base 35 are integrated, and in such state, the main air flow paths 40A, 40B, 40C, 40D and 40E communicating with each other communicate with the interior of the sealing member 33.
As illustrated in FIG. 2, the sealing jig 13 is installed on an upper end of the electrode 12 through a sealing jig mounting plate 53 as an insulating member. The sealing jig mounting plate 53, as illustrated in FIGS. 2, 10, and 11, is formed into a substantially cruciform shape and an external thread portion 54 for fastening is formed in the center of the sealing jig mounting plate 53. A front end portion of the approximately cross-shaped sealing jig mounting plate 53 is fixed on the electrode 12 by bolts 55. The external thread portion 54 of the sealing jig mounting plate 53 is screwed into an internal thread portion 42 in the lower plate 34 of the sealing jig 13. The sealing jig 13 constructed by integrating the sealing member 33, the lower plate 34, and the seal base 35 is installed on the sealing jig mounting plate 53.
The sealing jig mounting plate 53 is made of non-conductive resin and insulates the lower plate 34 and the seal base 35 made of conductive metal from the electrode 12. The treatment liquid flows toward the slit 26 as shown by an arrow in FIG. 2 passing through a cut-out portion of the sealing jig mounting plate 53 having a substantially cruciform shape.
The air joint 15 illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a main air supply path 56 in addition to the main air coupling 22 as described hereinbefore. The main air coupling 22 is connected to an air supply valve and a compressor, not shown, through a main air supply pipe 57.
When the electrode 12 is inserted into the cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 1, the air joint 15 comes into contact with the seal sheet 48 of the sealing jig 13 installed on the electrode 12, and the main air supply path 56 communicates with the main air flow path 40A of the seal sheet 48. Air is supplied from the main air supply path 56 to the main air flow path 40A, and, at this time, air leakage is prevented by the seal sheet 48.
The air supplied from the main air supply path 56 to the main air supply path 40A is introduced into the sealing member 33 through the main air flow paths 40B, 40C, 40D and 40E as illustrated in FIG. 3. To the sealing member 33, the upper side surface 33B is supported by the seal base 35 and the lower side surface 33C is supported by the lower plate 34 to regulate the expansion of the sealing member 33.
Accordingly, as illustrated in FIG. 3A, the sealing member 33 expands only in a radial direction, and the outer peripheral portion 33A of the sealing member 33 comes into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 to thereby seal the crankcase surface 5 side of the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3. Hence, the plating-preprocessing liquid or plating liquid can be prevented from leaking from the space 27 (FIG. 2) partitioned by the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the electrode 12 toward the crankcase surface 5 side.
When the air supply from the main air coupling 22 to the sealing member 33 is shut down, the sealing member 33 contracts in a radial direction and the outer peripheral portion 33A thereof is separated from the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3, as illustrated in FIG. 3B.
A device for confirming the expansion and contraction of the sealing member 33 is provided for the sealing jig 13 and the air joint 15. The confirming device is composed of a sub-air coupling 58 and a sub air supply path 59 on the air joint 15 side, a sub-air flow path on the sealing jig 13 side, an air pressure sensor 61 and a control circuit 62.
A plurality of sub-air couplings 58, for example three sub-air couplings 58, is arranged on the air joint 15. A plurality of sub-air supply paths 59, for example three sub-air supply paths 59, is formed on the air joint 15 correspondingly to the sub air couplings 58, and each of the sub-air supply paths 95 communicates with the sub air coupling 58.
The sub-air flow path 60 is formed on the seal base 35 of the sealing jig 13. As illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9, a plurality of concentric ring grooves 63, for example three concentric ring grooves 63, are formed on a top surface of the swelling portion 46 of the seal base 35 correspondingly to the number of the sub-air supply paths 59, and each of the concentric ring grooves 63 communicates with each of the sub-air supply paths 59. A plurality of the sub-air flow paths 60 (e.g. three) are radially formed at uniform intervals correspondingly to the number of the ring grooves 63. Each of the sub-air flow paths 60 communicates with each of the ring grooves 63, and is formed with a blowing-off hole 64 at an outer peripheral end portion of the seal base 35.
The blowing-off hole 64 is positioned so as to be closed by the sealing member 33 at the time of the expansion of the sealing member 33 and to be opened at the time of the contraction of the sealing member 33, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
The air as a fluid introduced from the sub-air coupling 58 provided on the air joint 15 illustrated in FIG. 2 passes through the sub-air supply path 59 and blows off from the blowing-off hole 64 via the ring groove 63 and the sub air-flow path 60 in the sealing jig 13 (FIG. 3). The air from the blowing-off hole 64 is blown off when the blowing-off hole 64 is opened without being closed by the sealing member 33 at the contraction of the sealing member 33, as illustrated in FIG. 3B. At this time, air pressure is decreased in the sub-air flow path 60, the sub-air supply path 59, and the sub air coupling 58. On the contrary, at the time of the expansion of the sealing member 33, as illustrated in FIG. 3A, air does not blow off from the blowing-off hole 64 as a result of the blowing-off hole 64 being closed by the sealing member 33 and the air pressure is increased in the sub-air flow path 60, the sub-air supply path 59, and the sub-air coupling 58.
The air pressure sensors 61 illustrated in FIG. 2 are arranged on sub-air supply pipes 65, for example three sub-air supply pipes 65, for introducing the air to the sub-air couplings 58. The air pressure sensor 61 detects air pressure in the sub-air flow path 60. From the detected values of air pressures, the expansion or contraction of the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 can be confirmed. Specifically, it can be confirmed that the sealing member 33 expands and comes into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 to liquid-tightly seal the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 or that the sealing member 33 contracts and does not come into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 so that the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 is unsealed.
A detailed example of the confirmation of the sealing by the air pressure will be described below. For example, in a case where the air is supplied to the sub-air flow path 60 with air pressure supplied from the sub-air coupling 58 taken as 0.10 MPa, the air pressure in the sub-air flow path 60 is 0.09 to 0.10 MPa in an expanded state of the sealing member 33.
Although the air pressure in the sub-air flow path 60 may lower due to malfunction or deterioration of the sealing member 33, when the air pressure is within the range of 0.06 to 0.10 MPa, it can be confirmed that the sealing member 33 expands to contact the cylinder inner peripheral surface of the cylinder block 1, and the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 is sealed by the sealing member 33. On the contrary, when the air pressure in the sub-air flow path 60 is 0.05 MPa or less, it can be confirmed that the sealing member 33 contracts and does not come into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 and the cylinder inner peripheral surface is not sealed by the sealing member 33, thus confirming that the liquid may leak.
The sealing on the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 by the expansion and contraction of the sealing member 33 is confirmed over all the circumstance of the sealing member 33 because a plurality of sub-air flow paths 60 are formed at uniform intervals in a circumferential direction of the seal base 35 (i.e., sealing member 33), for example three sub-air flow paths 60, are formed at uniform intervals of 120 degrees in a circumferential direction of the sealing member 33.
Hence, the expanded and contracted states of the sealing member 33 can be confirmed, and thus sealing of the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 can be confirmed even if deterioration, cracking or breakage occurs at a portion of the sealing member 33 in a circumferential direction, and the sealing member 33 expands normally at any portion except the occurrence portion and expands insufficiently at any failed portion such as cracking and does not come into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1.
The control circuit 62 illustrated in FIG. 2 fetches detected values from the air pressure sensor 61 and controls the driving of the liquid supply pump 24 and the power supply 30. Specifically, the control circuit 62 determines that when a detected value from the air pressure sensor 61 is higher than a predetermined value, the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 expands and contacts the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 and the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 is sufficiently sealed. At this time, the control circuit 62 starts the liquid supply pump 64 to supply treatment liquid to the space 27 partitioned by the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the electrode 12, then drives the power supply device 30 to supply the electric power to the electrode 12 and performs pre-plating or plating on the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3.
The control circuit 62 determines that when a detected value from the air pressure sensor 61 is the predetermined value or lower, the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 does not expands properly and otherwise contracts and does not come into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3, and the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 is sealed incompletely. In this case, the control circuit 62 does not drive the liquid supply pump 24 or the power supply device 30, or stop the driving of the liquid supply pump 24 and the power supply 30.
Hereunder, with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 and 12, a plating method for introducing treatment liquid (pre-plating liquid or plating liquid) to the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 and pre-plating or plating the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 will be described.
This plating method includes the following steps:
a sealing step (S3 to S6) of sealing the cylinder inner peripheral surface by bringing the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1;
a liquid supplying step (S7 and S8) of introducing and supplying treatment liquid to the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 by driving the liquid supply pump 24;
a treating step (S9 to S11) for performing pre-plating or plating by applying predetermined charges to the electrode 12 and the cylinder block 1 in a state in which the circulated treatment liquid fills the space 27 including the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1; and
an electrode retracting (drawing out) step (S12 to S14) of retracting, from the cylinder block 1, the electrode 12 arranged so as to face the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 in the cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 1.
These steps are successively performed.
In the above steps, the liquid supplying step is performed by driving the liquid supply pump 24 after the confirmation of the sealing to the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 by the sealing step by bringing the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3. The confirmation of the sealing to the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 by the seal step is performed during the liquid supplying step and treating step. If the sealing to the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 is incomplete during these steps, the liquid supplying step and the treating step are stopped immediately. The electrode retracting step is performed after the confirmation of the separation of the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 from the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1.
Hereunder, the above respective steps will be described in detail.
When the cylinder block 1 is provided into the plating treatment apparatus 10 illustrated in FIG. 1, the work holding fixture 14 is moved downward, the cylinder block 1 is clamped by a clamp, not shown, of the work holding fixture 14 and retained between the work holding fixture 14 and the work mounting platform 19. Then, it is detected whether the cylinder block 1 is clamped, for example, by detecting a distance (clearance) between the crankcase surface 5 of the cylinder block 1 and the work holding fixture 14 (step S1).
If the cylinder block 1 is not clamped by the clamp of the work holding fixture 14, an error signal is transmitted and the procedure does not proceed to the next step. An automatic operation of the plating treatment apparatus 10 stops (step S2).
When the clamping of a cylinder block 1 by the clamp of the work holding fixture 14 is properly performed, an air supply valve, not shown, is opened, air is supplied from a compressor, not shown, to the main air coupling 22 illustrated in FIG. 2 through the air supply valve, and the air is guided to the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 through the main air flow paths 40A to 40E.
Further, it is determined whether the air is supplied to the sealing member 33, by confirming an opening position of the air supply valve (step S3).
When the air is not supplied to the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13, an error signal is transmitted and the procedure does not proceed to the next step. An automatic operation of the plating treatment apparatus 10 stops (step S4).
When the air is supplied to the sealing member 13 of the sealing jig 13, the sealing member 33 expands only in a radial direction, and it is confirmed whether the sealing member 33 is expanded properly and comes into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1. This state is confirmed by supplying air to the sub-air flow path 60 of the sealing jig 13 through the sub-air coupling 58 illustrated in FIG. 2 and detecting air pressure in the sub-air flow path 60 with the air pressure sensor 61 (step S5).
In this pressure detection, when the air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor 61 is less than a predetermined value, for example, the control circuit 62 determines that the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 is not expanded and the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 is not properly sealed, and then the control circuit 62 transmits an error signal. Hence, the procedure does not proceed to the next step, and an automatic operation of the plating treatment apparatus 10 stops (step S6).
On the other hand, when air pressure detected by the air pressure sensor 61 is more than a predetermined value, for example, the control circuit 62 confirms that the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 expands and comes into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1, and the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 is properly sealed. At this time, for example, the control circuit 62 drives the liquid supply pump 24 to supply the treatment liquid (pre-plating liquid or plating liquid) to the space 27 defined by the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 and the outer-periphery surface of the electrode 12 so as to circulate the treatment liquid between the space 27 and the reservoir tank 25.
Then, it is determined whether treatment liquid is supplied to the space 27, for example, by the presence/absence of power supply to the liquid supply pump 24 (step S7). When the power is not supplied to the liquid supply pump 24, it is determined that the treatment liquid is not supplied to the space 27, and an error signal is transmitted. The procedure does not proceed to the next step, and an automatic operation of the plating treatment apparatus 10 stops (step S8).
When the power is supplied to the liquid supply pump 24, it is determined that treatment liquid is circulated and supplied to the space 27 including the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3, and electricity is supplied from the power supply 30 illustrated in FIG. 2 to the electrode 12. In the pre-plating, a negative charge is applied to the electrode 12 and a positive charge is applied to the cylinder block 1 to perform the pre-plating operation to the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1. In the plating treatment, the charges are applied so that the electrode 12 becomes positive and the cylinder block 1 becomes negative.
Further, it is detected whether electricity is supplied from the power supply 30 to the electrode 12, for example, by a current signal or a voltage signal fed back from the power supply 30 to the control circuit 62 (S9). In a case when the current or voltage signal is out of a predetermined range, an error signal will be transmitted. The procedure does not proceed to the next step, and an automatic operation of the plating treatment apparatus 10 stops (step S10).
On the other hand, when the current or voltage signal fed back from the power supply 30 to the control circuit 62 is within a predetermined range, it is determined that pre-plating or plating process has been properly executed (step S11).
Confirming whether the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 expands and comes into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1, and the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 is properly sealed (step S5), is constantly performed during the liquid supplying step of supplying treatment liquid by driving the liquid supply pump 24 and during the pre-plating or plating step by supplying the electricity from the power supply 30 (step S6). This is because when the sealing member 33 does not come into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 and the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 is not properly sealed, the treatment liquid leaks from the space 27 including the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3.
If the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 is not properly sealed, for example, the control circuit 62 immediately stops the liquid supply and the plating treatment.
After completion of the pre-plating or plating process, the electrode 12 is retracted from the cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 1. Before the retraction (draw-out) of the electrode 12, it is confirmed whether the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 contracts and separates from the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3, for example, by the control circuit 62 (step S12). This is confirmed by supplying the air to the sub-air flow path 60 of the sealing jig 13 through the sub-air coupling 58, detecting air pressure in the sub-air flow path 60 with the air pressure sensor 61, and determining whether the detected value is the predetermined value or less.
In a case where the contraction of the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 is not confirmed, for example, by the control circuit 62, the air supply and air shut-down to the sealing member 33 through the main air coupling 22 and the main air flow paths 40A to 40E is performed once or a plurality of times until the contraction of the sealing member 33 is confirmed (step S13). After the confirmation of the contraction of the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13, the electrode 12 is retracted from the cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 1 (step S14).
The present embodiment of the structure described above will provide the following functions and advantages (1) to (6).
(1) For the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13, since the upper side surface 33B is supported by the seal base 35 and the lower side surface 33C is supported by the lower plate 34, the expansion of the sealing member 33 is regulated by the lower plate 34 and the seal base 35 at the time of the air introduction into the sealing member 33, whereby the expansion is caused only in a radial direction and bringing the outer peripheral portion 33A into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1. Hence, the sealing member 33 coming into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 can be precisely positioned.
When a plating film is applied to the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1, a plating area can be highly precisely controlled according to the present embodiment, whereby the cylinder block 1 having a high-quality plating film can be manufactured.
(2) The sub-air flow path 60 provided with a blowing-off hole 64 for blowing off air is formed to the seal base 35 of the sealing jig 13. The blowing-off hole 64 is closed by the sealing member 33 when the sealing member 33 is expanded in a radial direction and is opened when the sealing member 33 is contracted. The fact whether the sealing member 33 is contacted or not to the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 is confirmed based on air pressure in the sub-air flow path 60. Accordingly, only when the sealing member 33 comes into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 and the inner-periphery surface 3 is sealed by the sealing member 33, the treatment liquid is introduced into the space 27 including the inner-periphery surface 3, thus preventing the liquid from leaking in the space 27.
Furthermore, in a case where the contacting condition between the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 and the sealing member 33 has been interrupted during a time when the treatment liquid is being introduced into the space 27, the supply of the treatment liquid to the space 27 is stopped, thereby preventing the liquid from leaking in the space 27.
(3) A plurality of sub-air flow paths 60 having the blowing-off hole 64 for confirming the expansion and contraction of the sealing member 33 are provided to the seal base 35 of the sealing jig 13 along a circumferential direction of the sealing member 33. Accordingly, even if deterioration, cracking or breakage occurs at a portion of the sealing member 33 and the expansion of the sealing member 33 becomes insufficient as a result at this portion, such a partial failure of the sealing member 33 can be surely detected, whereby defective sealing of the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 can be surely confirmed.
(4) In order to expand and contract the sealing member 33, air is supplied to the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 from the main air coupling 22 of the air joint 15 through the main air flow paths 40A, 40B, 40C, 40D and 40E. For confirmation of such expansion and contraction of the sealing member 33, air is supplied to the sub-air flow path 60 having the blowing-off hole 64 from the sub-air coupling 58 of the air joint 15.
In a case where a motor-driven mechanism having electric switches and electric wires is used for the expansion and contraction of the sealing member 33 and for the confirmation thereof, electrical malfunction may occur due to the influence of the electrode 12, and the electric wires may be damaged by highly corrosive treatment liquid such as phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, and as a result, the durability may be degraded.
The expansion and contraction of the sealing member 33 and confirmation thereof are pneumatically performed as described above, thereby preventing the failures such as electrical malfunction and degradation of durability mentioned above from causing.
(5) Since the sealing jig 13 is installed on an upper end of the electrode 12 through a sealing jig mounting plate 53 as an insulating member, failures such as electrolytic corrosion and adhesion of electrodeposits on the metallic lower plate 34 and seal base 35 of the sealing jig 13 can be prevented from causing.
(6) When the electrode 12 is retracted under a state where the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 is expanded after the completion of the pre-plating process, the pre-plated cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 may be damaged by the sealing member 33. Accordingly, the pre-plating process of the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 becomes insufficient so that the adhesiveness of a plating film formed on the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 degrades, which may cause defect such as peel-off of the plating film. If the electrode 12 is retracted from the cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 1 without confirming the contraction of the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 after the completion of the pre-plating process, the cylinder inner peripheral surfaces 3 of all the cylinder blocks 1 must be visually inspected after the completion of pre-plating process, thus lowering productivity of the cylinder block 1.
In the case when the electrode 12 is retracted under a state in which the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 is expanded after the completion of the plating process, the sealing member 33 comes into contact with a hard plating film surface having a fine concavo-convex pattern, and the sealing member 33 may be damaged. Accordingly, the positioning accuracy of sealing the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 by the sealing member 33 degrades or the sealing performance of the sealing member 33 degrades, which may result in liquid leakage. In a case that the sealing member 33 has severe damage, the sealing member 33 must be replaced.
According to the present embodiment, after confirming that the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 is separated from the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 by the air sensor 61, the electrode 12 is retracted from the cylinder 2 of the cylinder block 1. Therefore, various problems encountered in the prior art described above can be solved, and the adhesiveness of the plating film on the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 can be ensured. In addition, the productivity of the cylinder 1 can be improved and the durability of the sealing member 33 can be further improved.
In the described embodiment, although there is disclosed an example of three sub-air flow paths 60 formed on the seal base 35 of the sealing jig 13 in the circumferential direction, the number of the sub-air flow paths 60 may be increased or decreased as needed. The sub-air flow path 60 may be formed on the lower plate 34 of the sealing jig 13.
The plating method in which the liquid supply process is performed by driving the liquid supply pump 24, the method being performed after confirming that the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1 is sealed by bringing the sealing member 33 of the sealing jig 13 into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface 3 of the cylinder block 1, could be applied to a case using another sealing jig without limiting to the use of the sealing jig 13 in which the sealing member 33 expands only in a radial direction by the seal lower plate 34 and the seal base 35.
It is further to be noted that the present invention is not limited to the described embodiment and many other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scopes of the appended claims.

## Claims

1. A plating method for pre-plating or plating a cylinder inner peripheral surface to be treated of a cylinder block by introducing treatment liquid to the cylinder inner peripheral surface by using a plating apparatus provided with a sealing jig having a sealing member and an electrode to which the seal jig is mounted and an air pressure sensor for detecting a condition of sealing or sealed condition of the sealing member of the sealing jig, the method comprising the steps of:
sealing the cylinder inner peripheral surface by bringing the sealing jig into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface;
introducing the treatment liquid to the cylinder inner peripheral surface; and
treating the cylinder inner peripheral surface by applying predetermined charge to the electrode of the plating apparatus and the cylinder block to thereby perform pre-plating or plating process in a state that a liquid to be treated fills a space including the cylinder inner peripheral surface,
wherein the above steps are performed successively, and the treatment liquid introducing step is performed after confirmation of the sealing by the sealing step by bringing the sealing member into contact with the cylinder inner peripheral surface and
wherein the confirmation comprises detecting the condition of sealing or sealed condition of the sealing member of the sealing jig using the air pressure sensor.

2. The plating method according to claim 1, wherein the confirmation of the sealing or sealed condition by the sealing step is also performed during the liquid introducing step and the treating step, and when the sealing or sealed condition by the sealing step is incompletely performed, the liquid introducing step and the treating step are immediately stopped.

3. The plating method according to claim 1, further comprising a step of retracting the electrode which is arranged so as to oppose to the cylinder inner peripheral surface in the cylinder block after the treating step, and wherein the electrode retracting step is performed after confirmation of the sealing or sealed condition of the sealing member is separated from the cylinder inner peripheral surface.