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## NMIM and MOVES Runs for LD GHG Air Quality Modeling: Memorandum Harvey Michaels, OTAQ March 1 8 , 2010 1) The models , inputs, and scripts used to run and process NMIM and MOVES for the Li ght Duty Greenhouse Gas Rule (LGR) FRM air quality modeling have been doc keted on a DVD entitled “NMIM and MOVES Runs for LGR Air Quality Modeling: DVD . ” This memo describes the contents of the DVD and provides an overview of how these models were used to generate the onroad and nonroad downstream inventories. a) Title: “NMIM and MOVES Runs for LGR Air Quality Modeling: DVD”, written on the phy sical DVD. b) Volume Label: LGR NMIM MOVES AQM 2) Contents of the DVD a) MOVES folder i) Batch Files folder contains the batch files that execute the MOVES runs. Batch files are key to understanding the MOVES run s , because they control the run s and specify the location and use of all files. Also included in this folder are scripts and text files used to construct the batch files. ii) Code folder contains the MOVES code referenced in the batch files. iii) RunSp ecs folder contains the RunSpecs referenced in the batch files that control the MOVES runs. Also included in this folder are scripts and text files used to construct the RunSpecs. iv) DefaultDB folder contains the MOVES default database s that were used . v) UserD atabases folder contains the user - supplied databases that are referenced in the RunSpecs and modify

the MOVES default database vi) Perl Scripts folder contains scripts used to process MOVES output. An annotated list of scripts is in rp.bat. b) NMIM i) BatchFilesAn dRunSpecs folder contains NM IM batch files and RunSpecs. Batch files are key

to understanding the NMIM runs, because they control the runs and specify the location and use of all files. Al so included in this folder are scripts and text files used to cons truct the batch files and RunSpecs. ii) NMIM200 90504 folder contains the NMIM code . iii) NCD20090710L GR .zip is the zipped NMI M County Database iv) M6203CHC contains compiled MOBILE6 executable ( M6203ChcOxFixNMI M.exe ) and default external datafiles that NMIM used to run MOBILE6. v) NR08a is the version of the NONROAD Model used to generate these inventories. vi) Scripts folder contains Perl and M yS QL scripts that prepare, post - process, and generate diagnostics for the NMIM runs. c) ProcessingScripts AndDocumentation folder conta ins the scripts that post - processed NMIM and MOVES output into the LGR FRM AQM Inventories. An annotated list of scripts is in rp.bat. Five word documents provide additional documentation of specificC: \

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temp_sessions \ 8082932596576 794228 \EPA - HQ - OAR - 2009 - 0472 - DRAFT - 11564.doc 2 3) Description of the inventory production process a) Onr oad For onroad mobile sources except motorcy cles, EPA executed an internal draft version of MOVES dated 8/25/2009 (MOVES20090825) , which is similar to Draft MOVES2009 1 with a number of improvements to the fuel effects data and code. This version of MOVES used default database MOVESDB20090902NoFuelSupply . A slightl y later version, MOVES20091113 , was run for evaporative runs to correct a bug in the code that processed evaporative emissions. This version of MOVES used default database MOVESDB20091109NoFuel Supply . The database names have the suffix “NoFuelSupply ” because the fuel supply tables in both were truncated to allow for the use of a user - supplied fuel supply table. U ser - supplied fue l and temperature tables were used for these runs. 2005 fuels wer e those generated by the 2005 NEI process, in which EPA county - level estimates were updated by states and local agencies. 2 2030 reference case fuels were estimated as those developed for the AEO case of the RFS2 rule. 3 2030 control case fuels were estimated as 100% E10 . Historical temperatur e and humidity data for 2005 were used for all y ears. For motorcy cles, we relied on the MOBILE6.2 model as run using the NMIM platform with county - specific fuel properties and temperatures. MOVES supplied all pollut ants except SO2 and NH3, which came from NMIM runs. Onroad inventories were generated b y multiplying MOVES emission factors by VMT developed for the Office of Air Qualit y Planning and Standards's 2002 Version 3 Modeling Platform (PF02v3) 4 and used in the recently published Locomotive - Marine Rule . 5 This VMT, which was based on AEO2006, 6 was adjusted to match the annual VMT from AEO2009 , 7 but with county allocations preserved. AEO2009 growth factors from 2005 to 2030 were applied to 2005 NEI VMT using the three AEO categories: light duty , commercial light trucks and heav y duty . Assignments to MOBILE6 categories are straightforward except for Commercial Light Trucks, which are onl y gasoline in the AEO classification. The MOBILE6 Model was M6203ChcOxFixNMI M , a special version that includes cold - start VOC and the cold - start controls of the Mobile Source Air Toxics Rule that go into effect in 2011 and used in the recently published Locomotive - Marine rule. Onroad emissions generated at the state - month level fro m MOVES were distributed to the county - month level using the result s from MOBILE6 as run b y NMIM. b) Nonroad Nonroad equipment except for aircraft, locomotives, and commercial marine vessels was modeled with the latest publically released NONROAD version NONROAD2008a . 8 This version of the NONROAD includes the benefits of the two nonroad regulations published in 2008 (the L ocomotive and Marine Rule and the Small Spark - Ignition And Recreational Marine Engine Rule 9 ) plus all previous nonroad regulations. c) Th e MOVES runs produced emission factors at the state - month level for all onroad gasoline vehicles except motorcy cles. Onroad gasoline inventories were generated by multiplying MOVES emission factors by VMT developed for this rule.C: \

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temp_sessions \ 8082932596576 794228 \EPA - HQ - OAR - 2009 - 0472 - DRAFT - 11564.doc 3 d) MOVES was used for on road gasoline emission factors because of significant improvements compared with MOBILE6 . Because of difficult y with MOVES VMT allocation, MOVES was used as an emission factor model and VMT was applied at the state - month - SCC level. For 2005, the VMT came from the 2005 NEI. For 2030, light duty VMT came from modeling done for this rule and was applied b y state, month , SCC Vty pe , and model y ear. Because of performance limitations of MOVES , there was only time to run it at the state - month level. State inventories were allocated to the county - month level based on NMI M’s MOBILE6 runs. Despite the limitations of these methods, it was EPA’s judgment that they provided superior inventories to MOBILE6. e) Both MOBILE6 and NONROAD were run using NMI M (version NM IM 20 090504 ) with NMIM Count y Database NCD20090710L GR . NMI M supplied emissions from the NONROAD Model and from onroad sources not produced from MOVES. The MOBILE6 Model was M6203ChcOxFixNMI M , a special version that includes cold - start VOC and the cold - start c ontrols of the Mobile Source Air Toxics Rule that go into effect in 2011. The NONROAD Model version was the publically released version NR08a. f) Onroad emissions generated at the state - month level from MOVES were distributed to the county - month level using the results from MOBILE6 as run by NMIM. g) Onroad gasoline PM was run by MOVES at 72F and adjusted by OAQPS at the grid - hour level based on tempe rature curves supplied by OTAQ. h) For diesel, MOVES did not calculate toxics from VOC correctl y, so we post - pro cessed VOC to get these toxics using toxic/VOC ratios developed b y Rich Cook. The table below show s the toxic/VOC ratio by SCCVty pe. Vtype Vtype Vtype Vtype Vtype Vtype Vtype 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 pid poll LDDV LDDT 2BHDDV LHDDV MHDDV HHDDV Buses 20 be nz 0.02017 0.02011 0.01108 0.01102 0.01102 0.01099 0.01102 24 buta 0.00907 0.00905 0.00644 0.00640 0.00640 0.00638 0.00640 25 form 0.03892 0.03881 0.08256 0.08207 0.08206 0.08182 0.08211 26 acet 0.01240 0.01237 0.03040 0.03023 0.03022 0.03013 0.03024 2 7 acro 0.00353 0.00352 0.00369 0.00367 0.00367 0.00366 0.00367

1 For information on Draft MOVES2009, see http://www.epa.gov/otaq/m odels/m oves/movesback.htm . 2 US EPA 2008, 2005 National Emissions Inventory Data & Documentation , http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/net/2005inventory.html . 3 US EPA 2010, Renew able Fuel Standard Program (RFS2): Final Rule , http://www.epa.gov/otaq/fuels/renewabl efuels/regulations.htm . 4 See http://www.epa.gov/ttn/chief/emch/index.html#2002 . 5 Final Rule: Control of Emissions of Air Pollution from Locomotives and Marine Compression - Ignition Engines Less Than 30 Liters per Cylinder (published May 6, 2008 and republ ished June 30, 2008). For d etails, see http://www.epa.gov/otaq/locomotives.htm#2008final . 6 Energy Information Administration. Annual Energy Outlook 2009. See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/archive/aeo06/index.html eC: \

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temp_sessions \ 8082932596576 794228 \EPA - HQ - OAR - 2009 - 0472 - DRAFT - 11564.doc 4 7 Energy Information Administration. Annual Energy Outlook 2009. See http://www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/archive/aeo09/index.html 8 NONROAD Model 2008a. http://www.epa.gov/otaq/nonrdmdl.htm 9 Final Rule: Control of Emissions from Nonroad Spark - Ignition Engines and Equipment (published October 8, 2008 ) . For details, see http://www.epa.gov/otaq/equip - ld.htm . Docket ID: EPA - HQ - OAR - 2009 - 0472 - 0282