SJVUAPCD 4402 - 1 12/15/11

RULE 4402 CRUDE OIL PRODUCTION SUMPS (Adopted April 11, 1991; Amended

September 19, 1991; Amended December 17, 1992; Amen ded December 15, 2011)

1.0 Purpose

The purpose of this rule is to limit VOC emissions from sumps.

2.0 Applicability

This rule applies to all first, second, and third stage sumps at facilities producing, gathering, separating, processing, and/or storing c rude oil in an oil field.

3.0 Definitions

3.1 APCO: the Air Pollution Control Officer of the San Joaquin Valley Unified Air

Pollution Control District.

3.2 API: American Petroleum Institute.

3.3 ARB: California Air Resources Board.

3.4 Clean Produced Water: produced water containi ng less than 35 milligrams per

liter of VOCs as determined by EPA Test Method 413. 2, 418.1 or 1664A and/or, if necessary, EPA Test Method 8240 or 8260. Ethane provided the ethane fraction of the hydrocarbon vapors is less t han 20 percent by volume, and hydrocarbons heavier than C14 may be excluded from the total concentration. Water samples collected for analysis s hall be collected within a five foot radius of the sump inlet. One sample shall be collected near each inlet and the results averaged.

3.5 EPA: United States Environmental Protection Ag ency.

3.6 First Stage Production Sump: a sump which re ceives a stream of crude oil and

produced water directly from an oil production well (s) or a field gathering system(s).

3.7 Fixed Roof Cover: a cover which does not con tact a liquid surface, but is

placed over and completely covers the liquid surfac e.

3.8 Floating Cover: a flexible, or rigid cover w hich rests on a liquid surface and

completely covers the liquid surface except for the area under a hatch(es), and for a rigid cover the area between the cover edge a nd the vessel wall.SJVUAPCD 4402 - 2 12/15/11

3.9 Gap-free: means there shall be no visible gap s, that is gaps which exceed 0.060

inches.

3.10 Heavy Oil: produced crude oil that has an AP I gravity of less than 30 degrees

by ASTM Method D-1298-85.

3.11 Operator: includes but is not limited to any person who owns, leases,

supervises, or operates a facility and/or equipment

.

3.12 Pit: any excavation for which the intended u se under normal conditions is the

intermittent or emergency collection of crude oil a nd water and is not used for the separation of oil and water.

3.13 Pond: any very large excavation that is use d for the storage and or disposal of

clean produced water, is not used for the separatio n of oil and water, and has no more than five percent visible oil-covered surface area.

3.14 Produced Water: water, including oily water a ssociated with the production,

gathering, separating, and processing of crude oil.

3.15 Second Stage Sump: a sump which receives pro duced water from one or more

upstream first stage separation processes, includin g sumps, free water knockout

vessels, wash tanks, etc.

3.16 Small Producer: an operator who:

3.16.1 Produces an average over the preceding two calendar years of less than

6,000 barrels per day of crude oil from all operati ons within the County at the time of a request for an exemption pursuant to Section 6.1, and

3.16.2 Does not engage in petroleum refining, tra nsportation, or marketing of

refined petroleum products.

3.17 Sump: a lined or unlined surface impoundment or excavated depression in the

ground which, during normal operation, is in contin uous use for separating crude oil, produced water, and solids in oil produc ing fields.

3.18 Third Stage Sump: a sump which receives prod uced water from one or more

upstream second stage sumps, or subsequent separati on processes.SJVUAPCD 4402 - 3 12/15/11

3.19 Very Small Producer: an operator producing a n average over the preceding two

calendar years of less than 50 barrels of crude oil per day per lease and an average over the preceding two calendar years of le ss than 300 barrels of crude oil per day from all operations within the county a t the time of a request for an exemption pursuant to Section 6.1.

3.20 Volatile Organic Compound (VOC): as defined in Rule 1020 (Definitions).

4.0 Exemptions

4.1 The provisions of Section 5.0 of this rule sha ll not apply to:

4.1.1 Second or third stage small producer sumps that have a liquid surface

area of less than 1,000 square feet and that are us ed exclusively in the production of heavy oil.

4.1.2 Second and third stage sumps containing cle an produced water.

4.1.3 Any very small producer sump that is used a s a second or third stage

sump that has a liquid surface area of less than 5, 000 square feet, and that serves heavy oil production operations exclusi vely.

4.1.4 Any sump that has estimated emissions of 0. 007 lb/sq. ft. per day or less

established by the ARB flux-box test method. The f lux-box test shall be performed as described in the ARB Evaluation Report No. C-86-105.

Inclusion of the flux-box test method to demonstrat e qualification for this exemption does not mean the method is approved by A RB for any other testing.

4.1.5 Any sump used as a second stage, or third s tage sump for not more than

seven days in any one calendar month and not more t han 21 days in any one calendar year. Any such sump shall be pumped o ut when not in use.

4.1.6 Any sumps located at petroleum refineries.

4.1.7 Ponds.

4.1.8 Pits. On and after January 1, 2013, pits us ed for emergencies shall begin

clean-up procedures within 24 hours after each emer gency occurrence and shall be completed within 15 calendar days.SJVUAPCD 4402 - 4 12/15/11

4.2 The requirements of Section 5.0 shall not appl y during maintenance operations

on sumps if the District is verbally notified at le ast 24 hours prior to the

maintenance work and if maintenance will take no mo re than 24 hours to complete.

5.0 Requirements

5.1 On and after January 1, 2013, first stage sump s are prohibited.

5.2 No operator shall use any second or third stag e sump unless it is designed and

equipped with one of the following control devices properly installed, maintained, and operated:

5.2.1 A flexible floating cover;

5.2.2 A rigid floating cover equipped with a clos ure device between the sump

wall and the cover edge which maintains the gap bet ween the wall and cover at every point around the perimeter at no mor e than one inch; or

5.2.3 A fixed roof cover.

5.3 A floating, fixed, or other cover used to achi eve compliance with Section 5.2

shall be constructed and maintained to meet the fol lowing criteria:

5.3.1 The cover material is impermeable to VOCs;

5.3.2 There are no holes, tears, or other such op enings, except pressure

vacuum valves, in the cover material which allow th e emission of VOCs;

5.3.3 All hatches are kept closed and gap-free, e xcept during maintenance,

inspection, or repair;

5.3.4 The edge of any cover, except for a rigid f loating cover as provided for in Section 5.2.2, forms a gap-free seal with the to p edge of the sump;

and

5.3.5 All pressure/vacuum vents are set to within ten percent of the maximum safe working pressure of the cover.SJVUAPCD 4402 - 5 12/15/11

5.4 If a sump is replaced by an above ground tank in lieu of complying with Section

5.2, such tank shall comply with all of the applica ble requirements of Rule 4623 (Storage of Organic Liquids), or at a minimum, the tank roof appurtenances

shall be maintained leak-free and the tank shall be fitted with a pressure/vacuum vent set to within ten percent of the maximum allow able working pressure of the tank. If replacement tank exclusively serves ident ical function of sump replaced, permitting of such tank may not be consid ered an emission change for the purposes of Rule 2201 (New and Modified Station ary Source Review Rule).

6.0 Administrative Requirements

6.1 Recordkeeping

On and after January 1, 2013, records kept pursuant to Section 6.1 shall be maintained for a minimum of five years, and made av ailable to the APCO, ARB, and EPA upon request.

6.1.1 Any operator claiming exemption pursuant to Section 4.1.1 shall

maintain records specified in Section 6.1.1.1. On and after January 1, 2013, any operator claiming exemption pursuant to S ection 4.1.1 shall maintain records specified in Section 6.1.1.1, 6.1. 1.2, and 6.1.1.3.

6.1.1.1 API gravity of crude oil for each exempt su mp,

6.1.1.2 Sump surface area, and

6.1.1.3 Annual production rates.

6.1.2 Any operator claiming an exemption pursuant t o Section 4.1.2 shall maintain records to justify the exemption; those re cords shall include of the results of an independent laboratory analysis.

6.1.3 Any operator claiming exemption pursuant to S ection 4.1.3 shall maintain records to justify the exemption; those re cords shall include the results of an independent laboratory analysis. On and after January 1, 2013, any operator claiming exemption pursuant to S ection 4.1.3 shall maintain the records specified in Section 6.1.3.1, 6.1.3.2, and 6.1.3.3:

6.1.3.1 API gravity of crude oil for each exempt su mp,

6.1.3.2 Sump surface area, and

6.1.3.3 Annual production rates.SJVUAPCD 4402 - 6 12/15/11

6.1.4 Any operator claiming an exemption pursuant to Section 4.1.4 shall

maintain records to justify the exemption; those re cords shall include the results of an independent laboratory analysis.

6.1.5 Any operator claiming an exemption pursuant t o Section 4.1.5 shall maintain monthly records of sump use showing days o f operation.

6.1.6 On and after January 1, 2013, any operator cl aiming an exemption pursuant to Section 4.1.7 shall maintain records to justify the exemption; those records shall include the results of an indep endent laboratory analysis.

6.1.7 On and after January 1, 2013, any operator cl aiming an exemption for emergency pits pursuant to Section 4.1.8 shall be r equired to maintain records documenting the date and time of each of th e following:

6.1.7.1 When the use of the emergency pit started,

6.1.7.2 When clean-up of the emergency pit began, a nd

6.1.7.3 When clean-up of the emergency pit finished

.

6.2 Test Methods

Compliance with the requirements of Section 5.0 sha ll be determined in accordance with the following test methods or their equivalents as approved by

the EPA and the APCO:

6.2.1 Analysis of halogenated exempt compounds sh all be analyzed by ARB

Method 422.

6.2.2 The efficiency of any VOC destruction device shall be measured by EPA Method 25, 25a, or 25b, as applicable.