**EXECUTION COPY**

** **

**SEPARATION AGREEMENT **

between 

**ALCAN INC.**

and

**NOVELIS INC.**

** **

** **

** **

** **

** **

** **

** **

** **

** **

** **

----

**TABLEOF CONTENTS**

| **Article I - INTERPRETATION** | **2**
 
 
1.01        Definitions......................................................................................................................... 

2
1.02        Schedules.......................................................................................................................... 

2
1.03        Exhibits............................................................................................................................. 

2
1.04        Currency........................................................................................................................... 

3
 
 
**Article II - THE SEPARATION**

**3**
 
 
2.01        Separation......................................................................................................................... 

3
2.02        Implementation.................................................................................................................. 

3
2.03         Transferof Separated Assets; Assumption of AssumedLiabilities....................................... 

3
2.04        SeparatedAssets............................................................................................................... 

4
2.05         DeferredSeparatedAssets................................................................................................ 

5
2.06         ExcludedAssets................................................................................................................ 

5
2.07        Liabilities........................................................................................................................... 

6
2.08        Disclaimer of Representations andWarranties.................................................................... 

7
2.09        Third-Party Consents and GovernmentApprovals.............................................................. 

7
 
 
**Article III - THE REORGANIZATION **

**8**
 
 
3.01        Reorganization................................................................................................................... 

8
3.02        ReorganizationTransactions............................................................................................... 

8
3.03         Effectsof the ReorganizationTransactions.......................................................................... 

8
3.04         ArcustargetConsideration.................................................................................................. 

8
3.05        Termination ofAgreements................................................................................................ 

8
3.06        AncillaryAgreements......................................................................................................... 

9
3.07        Resignations.................................................................................................................... 

10
3.08         SoleDiscretion of Alcan.................................................................................................. 

10
3.09        Cooperation.................................................................................................................... 

10
3.10         Intercompanyaccounts between Alcan Group and NovelisGroup.................................... 

10
 
 
**Article IV - THE ARRANGEMENT**     

**11**
 
 
4.01         Plan ofArrangement........................................................................................................ 

11
4.02         ActionsPrior to the EffectiveDate................................................................................... 

11
4.03         SoleDiscretion of Alcan.................................................................................................. 

11
4.04        Cooperation.................................................................................................................... 

12
 
 
**Article V - DEFERRED SEPARATION TRANSACTIONS**

**12**
 
 
5.01         DeferredTransferAssets................................................................................................. 

12
5.02        UnreleasedLiabilities....................................................................................................... 

13
5.03        Consideration.................................................................................................................. 

14
 

 

- ii -

**Article VI - REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES**

**14**
 
 
6.01         MutualRepresentations andWarranties............................................................................ 

14
6.02         Representationsand Warranties of Alcan......................................................................... 

15
6.03         Representationsand Warranties of Novelis....................................................................... 

16
 
 
**Article VII - COVENANTS**

**17**
 
 
7.01         GeneralCovenants.......................................................................................................... 

17
7.02         Covenantsof Novelis....................................................................................................... 

17
 
 
**Article VIII - CONDITIONS**

18
8.01         ActionsPrior to the Completion of theArrangement......................................................... 

18
 
 
**Article IX - MUTUAL RELEASES; INDEMNIFICATION**

**20**
 
 
9.01         Releaseof Pre-SeparationClaims.................................................................................... 

20
9.02         Indemnificationby Novelis............................................................................................... 

23
9.03         Indemnificationby Alcan.................................................................................................. 

23
9.04         Methodof Asserting ClaimsEtc....................................................................................... 

23
9.05        Adjustments toLiabilities................................................................................................. 

25
9.06        Payments......................................................................................................................... 

25
9.07        Contribution.................................................................................................................... 

26
9.08        Litigation......................................................................................................................... 

26
9.09         RemediesCumulative....................................................................................................... 

27
9.10         SurvivalofIndemnities..................................................................................................... 

27
 
 
**Article X - INSURANCE**

**28**
 
 
10.01       InsuranceMatters............................................................................................................ 

28
 
 
**Article XI - EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION; CONFIDENTIALITY**

**29**
 
 
11.01       Agreement forExchange of Information;Archives............................................................ 

29
11.02       Ownership ofInformation................................................................................................ 

30
11.03       Compensation forProvidingInformation........................................................................... 

30
11.04       RecordRetention............................................................................................................. 

30
11.05       Other AgreementsProviding for Exchange ofInformation................................................. 

31
11.06       Production ofWitnesses; Records;Cooperation............................................................... 

31
11.07      Confidentiality.................................................................................................................. 

32
11.08       ProtectiveArrangements.................................................................................................. 

33
11.09       Disclosure of ThirdPartyInformation............................................................................... 

34
 
 
**Article XII - DISPUTE RESOLUTION**   

**34**
 
 
12.01      Disputes.......................................................................................................................... 

34
12.02      Negotiation...................................................................................................................... 

34
 

- iii -

12.03      Mediation........................................................................................................................ 

34
12.04      Arbitration....................................................................................................................... 

36
 
 
**Article XIII - FURTHER ASSURANCES**

**37**
 
 
13.01       FurtherAssurances.......................................................................................................... 

37
 
 
**Article XIV - CERTAIN OTHER MATTERS**

**38**
 
 
14.01       Auditors andAudits; Annual and Quarterly Financial Statements and Accounting.............. 

38
14.02       Non-Solicitation ofEmployees......................................................................................... 

40
14.03      Non-Competition............................................................................................................ 

41
14.04       Changeof Control with respect to Novelis....................................................................... 

43
 
 
**Article XV - TERMINATION**

**47**
 
 
15.01      Termination..................................................................................................................... 

47
 
 
**Article XVI - MISCELLANEOUS                                                                                        **

**47**
 
 
16.01       Limitation ofLiability........................................................................................................ 

47
16.02      Counterparts................................................................................................................... 

48
16.03       EntireAgreement............................................................................................................. 

48
16.04      Construction.................................................................................................................... 

48
16.05      Signatures........................................................................................................................ 

49
16.06       Assignability.................................................................................................................... 

49
16.07       Third PartyBeneficiaries.................................................................................................. 

49
16.08       PaymentTerms................................................................................................................ 

50
16.09       GoverningLaw................................................................................................................ 

50
16.10      Notices........................................................................................................................... 

50
16.11       Severability...................................................................................................................... 

51
16.12      Publicity.......................................................................................................................... 

51
16.13       Survival ofCovenants...................................................................................................... 

51
16.14       Waivers ofDefault........................................................................................................... 

52
16.15      Amendments................................................................................................................... 

52
16.16       ControllingDocuments..................................................................................................... 

52
16.17      Language......................................................................................................................... 

52
 
 
LIST OF SCHEDULES                                                                                                                  

54
 
 
SCHEDULE 1.01 - DEFINITIONS                                                                                               

55
 
 
LIST OF EXHIBITS                                                                                                                       

69
** **

 
 

 
****
**SEPARATION AGREEMENT** (the "**Agreement**") enteredinto in the City of Montréal, Province of Quebec, dated as of December 31, 2004.

**BETWEEN**:

**ALCAN INC.**, a corporation organized under the *Canada  Business Corporations Act* ("**Alcan**");

   
 
 
**AND**:

**NOVELIS INC.**, a corporation incorporated under the *Canada  Business Corporations Act* ("**Novelis**").

**RECITALS:**

**WHEREAS** Alcan Group (as defined below) currentlyconducts the Alcan Businesses (as defined below);

**WHEREAS** Alcan has created Arcustarget Inc. (asdefined below) in order to hold the Separated Businesses (as defined below)after giving effect to the Reorganization (as defined below);

**WHEREAS** it is proposed that, pursuant to a Plan ofArrangement (as defined below) and after giving effect to the Reorganization, *interalia*, (i) Arcustarget would become a wholly-owned subsidiary ofNovelis, (ii)  the holders of outstanding Alcan Common Shares (as definedbelow) would, as of the Effective Date (as defined below), exchange their AlcanCommon Shares for an equivalent number of Alcan Class A Common Shares and AlcanSpecial Shares (as defined below), (iii) the holders of outstanding AlcanSpecial Shares would, as of the Effective Date, exchange their Alcan SpecialShares for a specified number of Novelis Common Shares (as defined below), and(iv) Arcustarget and Novelis would amalgamate;

**WHEREAS** the Parties (as defined below) wish to setforth in this Agreement the terms on which, and the conditions subject towhich, they wish to implement the measures described above;

**WHEREAS** Alcan and Novelis (1) intend that theReorganization will (i) qualify for Canadian income tax purposes as areorganization governed by paragraph 55(3)(b) of the Tax Act (as definedbelow) and as exchanges of shares by Alcan Common Shareholders (as defined below)pursuant to sections 85.1 and 86 of the Tax Act, such that no gain will berealized by Alcan, Novelis or Alcan Common Shareholders and (ii) qualifyfor United States federal income tax purposes as a reorganization within themeaning of Section 368(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code (as definedbelow), pursuant to which no gain or loss will be recognized for United Statesfederal income tax purposes by Alcan, Novelis, Alcan Corporation, AlcanAluminum Corporation or to the shareholders of Alcan under Section 355 ofthe Internal Revenue Code and the related provisions thereunder and (2) willtreat and hereby adopt the Agreement as a plan of reorganization within themeaning of Section 368 of the Internal Revenue Code;

**NOW THEREFORE**, in consideration of the mutualagreements, covenants and other provisions set forth in this Agreement, theParties hereby agree as follows:

 
 
2

**Article I INTERPRETATION**

**1.01     Definitions**

The capitalized words and expressions and variationsthereof used in this Agreement or in its schedules, unless a clearlyinconsistent meaning is required under the context, shall have the meaningsascribed to them in **Schedule 1.01 - Definitions**.

**1.02     Schedules**

The following schedulesare attached to this Agreement and form part hereof:

Schedule 1.01 -      
Definitions
Schedule 1.01 - "PA"

Plan of Arrangement

Schedule 1.01 - "SB"
Separated Businesses
Schedule 1.01 -"NBS"
Novelis Balance Sheet
Schedule 1.01 - "SE"  
Separated Entities
Schedule 2.04(a)  
Separated Assets
Schedule 2.06(a)    
Excluded Assets
Schedule 2.07(a)   
Assumed Liabilities
Schedule 2.07(b)   
Liabilities of Separated Entities
Schedule 2.07(c)   
Retained Liabilities
Schedule 2.07(g)           
Reorganization Documents
Schedule 3.01          
Reorganization Transactions
Schedule 3.05(b)    
Agreements Not Terminated
Schedule 3.06(q)     
Ancillary Agreements
Schedule 3.10        
IntercompanyAccounts
Schedule 4.02      
Actions to be taken prior to Effective Time
Schedule 9.08(a) 
Litigation Transferred to Novelis
Schedule 9.08(b)   
Litigation to be Defended by Alcan at Novelis'sExpense
**1.03     Exhibits**

             The following exhibitsare attached to this Agreement and form part hereof:

Exhibit A          
AluminaSupply Agreement
Exhibit B          
By-laws of Novelis
Exhibit C          
Certificate of Incorporation of Novelis
Exhibit D          
Employee Matters Agreement
Exhibit E           
Energy Agreement
Exhibit F           
FoilStockSupply Agreement
Exhibit G          
Foil Supply Agreements
Exhibit H          
Foil Supply and Distribution Agreement
Exhibit I            
Intellectual Property Agreements
Exhibit J           
Joint Procurement of Goods and Services Protocol
Exhibit K          
Metal Supply Agreements
Exhibit L           
NeuhausenAgreements
 
3

Exhibit M         
OhleAgreement
Exhibit N          
SierreAgreements
Exhibit O          
Tax Sharing and Disaffiliation Agreement
Exhibit P           
Technical Services Agreements
Exhibit Q          
Transitional Services Agreement
Exhibit R          
Non Compete Undertaking
 
**1.04     Currency**

All references to currency herein are to lawfulmoney of the United States unless otherwise specified.

**Article II-THESEPARATION**

**2.01     Separation**

Alcan and Novelis agree to implement the Separationfor the purpose of causing the Separated Businesses to be transferred toNovelis Group and the Remaining Alcan Businesses to be held by Alcan or anyother member of Alcan Group as of the Effective Time, on the terms and subjectto the conditions set forth in this Agreement. The Parties acknowledge that theSeparation is intended to result in Novelis, directly or indirectly, operatingthe Separated Businesses, owning the Separated Assets and assuming the AssumedLiabilities as set forth in this Article II.

**2.02     Implementation**

The Separation shall be completed in accordance withthe agreed general principles, objectives and other provisions set forth inthis Article II and shall be implemented in the following manner:

(a)        through the completion of the Reorganization, as described in Article III;

(b)        through the completion of the Arrangement, as described in Article IV;

(c)        through the completion from time to time following the Effective Time ofthe Deferred Transactions, as described in Section 13.01(a);

(d)        through the allocation from time to time following the Effective Time ofthe Deferred Transfer Assets as described in Section 5.01; and

(e)        through the performance by the Parties of all other provisions of thisAgreement.

**2.03     Transfer of SeparatedAssets; Assumption of Assumed Liabilities**

On the terms and subject to the conditions set forthin this Agreement, and in furtherance of the Separation, with effect as of theEffective Time:

 

 

4

(a)     Alcan agrees to cause the Separated Assets to be contributed, assigned,transferred, conveyed and delivered, directly or indirectly, to Novelis andNovelis agrees to accept from Alcan all of the Separated Assets and all ofAlcan's rights, title and interest in and to all Separated Assets owned,directly or indirectly, by Alcan****which, except with respect to theDeferred Separated Assets and Unreleased Liabilities, will result in Novelisowning, directly or indirectly, the Separated Businesses;

(b)     Novelis agrees to accept, assume and faithfully perform, discharge andfulfill all of the Assumed Liabilities in accordance with their respectiveterms; and

(c)     Novelis agrees to jointly elect with Alcan, in prescribed form and in atimely manner, to have the provisions of subsection 85(1) of Tax Act**(andany applicable corresponding Canadian provincial provision) apply to theoperations described in Section 2.03(a); the "agreed amount" for purposes ofsuch election shall be equal to the cost amount, for purposes of the Tax Act,of the Arcustarget Common Shares at the time of the transfer of such shares toNovelis.

**2.04     Separated Assets**

For the purposes of this Agreement, "**SeparatedAssets**" shall mean, without duplication, the following Assets used or heldfor use exclusively or primarily in the conduct of the Separated Businesses orrelating exclusively or primarily to a Separated Business or to a SeparatedEntity:

(a)     all Assets expressly identified in this Agreement or in any AncillaryAgreement or in any Schedule hereto or thereto, including those listed on **Schedule 2.04(a)**,as Assets to be transferred to, or retained by, Novelis or any other member ofNovelis Group;

(b)     the outstanding capital stock, units or other equity interests of theSeparated Entities, as listed on **Schedule 1.01 - "SE"**, thetransfer of which pursuant to Section 2.03 will result in Novelis owning,directly or indirectly, all of the ownership interests in the SeparatedEntities  that are currently owned directly or indirectly by Alcan;

(c)      all Assets properly reflected on the Novelis Balance Sheet (**Schedule 1.01- "NBS"**), excluding Assets disposed of by Alcan or any othermember of Alcan Group subsequent to the date of the Novelis Balance Sheet;

(d)     all Assets that have been written off, expensed or fully depreciated by Alcan or any other member of Alcan Group that, had they not been written off,expensed or fully depreciated, would have been reflected on the Novelis BalanceSheet in accordance with the same accounting principles and practices as thoseunder which the Novelis Balance Sheet was prepared;

 

5

(e)     all Assets acquired by Alcan or any other member of Alcan Group afterthe date of the Novelis Balance Sheet and that would be reflected on thebalance sheet of Novelis as of the Effective Date (the "**Novelis OpeningBalance Sheet**"), if such balance sheet were prepared using the sameaccounting principles and practices as those under which the Novelis BalanceSheet was prepared; and

(f)      all Assets transferred to Novelis Group pursuant to Section 13.01(a);provided, however, that any such transfer shall take effect under Section 13.01(a)and not under this Section 2.04.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, there shall beexcluded from the definition of Assets under this Section 2.04 BusinessRecords to the extent they are included in or primarily related to any ExcludedAsset or Retained Liability or Remaining Alcan Business or their transfer isprohibited by Applicable Law or pursuant to agreements between Alcan or anyother member of Alcan Group and Third Parties or otherwise would subject Alcanor any other member of Alcan Group to liability for such transfer.

**2.05     Deferred SeparatedAssets**

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary containedin Section 2.04 or elsewhere in this Agreement, Separated Assets shall notinclude the Deferred Separated Assets. The transfer to Novelis (or any othermember of Novelis Group) of any such Deferred Separated Asset shall only becompleted at the time, in the manner and subject to the conditions set forth inSection 5.01.

**2.06     Excluded Assets**

(a)     Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained inSection 2.04 or elsewhere in this Agreement, the following Assets of Alcanor of any other relevant member of Alcan Group that would otherwise be includedamong the Separated Assets shall not be transferred to Novelis (or any othermember of Novelis Group), shall not form part of the Separated Assets and shallremain the exclusive property of Alcan or the relevant member of Alcan Group onand after the Effective Time (the "**Excluded Assets**"):

(i)       any Asset expressly identified on **Schedule 2.06(a)**;

(ii)      any Asset referred to in Section 2.06(b); and

(iii)     any Asset transferred to Alcan or to any other relevant member of AlcanGroup pursuant to Section 13.01(a); provided, however, that any suchtransfers shall take effect under Section 13.01(a) and not under thisSection 2.06.

(b)     For greater certainty, any Asset of Alcan or any other member of AlcanGroup that is used in or relates in any manner to a Remaining Alcan Businessshall not constitute a Separated Asset unless such Asset is specificallyidentified as a Separated Asset pursuant to Section 2.04.

 

6

(c)     Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, ExcludedAssets shall not include the Deferred Excluded Assets. The transfer to Alcan(or to the relevant member of Alcan Group) of any such Asset shall be completedat the time, in the manner and subject to the conditions set forth in Section 5.01.

**2.07    Liabilities**

For the purposes of this Agreement, Liabilitiesshall be identified as "**Assumed Liabilities**" or as "**RetainedLiabilities**" under the following order of priority:

(a)     any Liability of a Separated Entity, whether arising or accruing priorto, on or after the Effective Time and whether the facts on which it is basedoccurred on, prior to or after the Effective Time and whether or not reflectedon the Novelis Balance Sheet or on the Novelis Opening Balance Sheet, is anAssumed Liability, unless it is expressly identified in this Agreement(including on **Schedule 2.07(b)** or any other Schedule) or inany Ancillary Agreement as a Liability to be assumed or retained by Alcan orany other member of Alcan Group, in which case it is a Retained Liability;

(b)     any Liability relating to, arising out of, or resulting from the conductof, a Separated Business or any Rolled Products Business (as conducted at anytime prior to, on or after the Effective Time) or relating to a Separated Assetor a Deferred Separated Asset and whether or not arising or accruing prior to,on or after the Effective Time and whether the facts on which it is basedoccurred on, prior to or after the Effective Time and whether or not reflectedon the Novelis Balance Sheet or the Novelis Opening Balance Sheet, is anAssumed Liability, unless it is expressly identified in this Agreement(including on **Schedule 2.07(b)** or any other Schedule) or inany Ancillary Agreement as a Liability to be assumed or retained by Alcan orany other member of Alcan Group, in which case it is a Retained Liability;

(c)     any Liability which is expressly identified on **Schedule 2.07(a)**is an Assumed Liability and any Liability which is expressly identified on **Schedule 2.07(c)**is a Retained Liability ;

(d)     any Liability which is reflected or otherwise disclosed as a liabilityor obligation of Novelis Group on the Novelis Balance Sheet is an AssumedLiability;

(e)     any Liability which would be reflected or otherwise disclosed on the Novelis Opening Balance Sheet, if such balance sheet were prepared using thesame accounting principles and practices as those under which the NovelisBalance Sheet was prepared is an Assumed Liability;

(f)      any Liability of a Remaining Alcan Entity, whether arising or accruingprior to, on or after the Effective Time and whether the facts on which it isbased occurred on, prior to or after the Effective Time, is a RetainedLiability, unless it is determined to be an Assumed Liability pursuant toclauses (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e) above, in which case it is an AssumedLiability; and 

 

 

7

(g)      any Liability of Novelis or any other member of Novelis Group under thisAgreement, any Ancillary Agreement or any Reorganization Document is an AssumedLiability and any Liability of Alcan or any other member of Alcan Group underthis Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or any Reorganization Document is aRetained Liability.

**2.08    Disclaimer ofRepresentations and Warranties**

(a)     Each of the Parties (on behalf of itself and each other member of itsrespective Group) understands and agrees that, except as expressly set forthherein or in any Ancillary Agreement, no Party to this Agreement, any AncillaryAgreement or any other agreement or document contemplated by this Agreement,any Ancillary Agreement or otherwise, makes any representation or warranty,express or implied, regarding any of the Separated Assets, Separated Entities,Separated Businesses, Excluded Assets, Assumed Liabilities or RetainedLiabilities including any warranty of merchantability or fitness for aparticular purpose, or any representation or warranty regarding any Consents orGovernmental Authorizations required in connection therewith or their transfer,regarding the value or freedom from Encumbrances of, or any other matterconcerning, any Separated Asset or Excluded Asset, or regarding the absence ofany defense or right of setoff or freedom from counterclaim with respect to anyclaim or other Separated Asset or Excluded Asset, including any AccountReceivable of either Party, or as to the legal sufficiency of any assignment,document or instrument delivered hereunder to convey title to any SeparatedAsset or Excluded Asset upon the execution, delivery and filing hereof orthereof.

(b)     Except as may expressly be set forth herein or in any AncillaryAgreement, all Separated Assets and Excluded Assets are being transferred on an"as is, where is" basis, at the own risk ("*aux risques et périls*") ofthe respective transferees without any warranty whatsoever on the part of thetransferor, formal or implicit, legal, statutory or conventional****(and,in the case of any Real Property, by means of a quitclaim or similar form deedor conveyance) and the respective transferees shall bear the economic and legalrisks that (i) any conveyance shall prove to be insufficient to vest inthe transferee good and marketable title, free and clear of any Encumbrance,and (ii) any necessary Third-Party Consent or Governmental Authorizationis not obtained or that any requirement of Applicable Law or any Order is notmet.

**2.09    Third-Party Consentsand Government Approvals**

To the extent that the Separation orany transaction contemplated thereby requires a Consent from any Third-Party (a"**Third-Party Consent**") or any Governmental Authorization, theParties will use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain all such Third-PartyConsents and Governmental Authorizations prior to the Effective Time. If theParties fail to obtain any such Third-Party Consent or GovernmentalAuthorization prior to the Effective Time, the matter shall be dealt with inthe manner set forth in Section 5.01 or 5.02.

8

**Article III-THE REORGANIZATION**

**3.01     Reorganization**

            The Reorganization shall be implemented on the termsand subject to the conditions set forth in this Article III.

**3.02     Reorganization Transactions**

Subject to Section 3.08,Alcan agrees to cause the Reorganization Transactions to be completedsubstantially in the manner described on **Schedule 3.01**.Unless otherwise specified on **Schedule 3.01**, theReorganization Transactions shall be completed on or before the ReorganizationDate.

**3.03     Effects of theReorganization Transactions**

After giving effect to the Reorganization Transactions:

(a)     all Separated Assets, other than the equity interests in the SeparatedEntities (which are addressed in (e) below), will be held by one orseveral Separated Entities;

(b)      all Assumed Liabilities will have been assumed or retained by one orseveral Separated Entities;

(c)      all Excluded Assets held by one or several Separated Entities will havebeen transferred to, or retained by, one or more Remaining Alcan Entities;

(d)      all Retained Liabilities incurred by any Separated Entity will have beenassumed by one or several Remaining Alcan Entities; and

(e)      all of Alcan's right, title and interest in the capital or common stockof the Separated Entities (other than the shares of the share capital ofArcustarget) will have been transferred to Arcustarget.

**3.04    ArcustargetConsideration**

In consideration of the implementation of theReorganization Transactions, Alcan, in addition to causing Arcustarget Group(or any member thereof) to assume the Assumed Liabilities, shall cause Arcustargetto (i) issue to Alcan, on or prior to the Reorganization Date, such numberof Arcustarget common shares and such promissory notes as shall be necessary tocomplete the Reorganization Transactions and the Arrangement and(ii) issue to one or more Subsidiaries of Alcan as specified on **Schedule 3.01**such promissory notes as shall be necessary to complete the ReorganizationTransactions.

**3.05     Termination ofAgreements**

(a)     Subject to Section 3.05(b), Novelis and Alcan agree that allagreements, arrangements, commitments and understandings, whether or not inwriting, between any member or members of Novelis Group, on the one hand, andany member or members of Alcan Group, on the other hand, shall terminatewithout further action being required by any party thereto, with effect as ofthe Effective Time. No such terminated agreement, arrangement, commitment orunderstanding (including any provision thereof which purports to survive suchtermination) will be of any further force or effect as of and from theEffective Time. Alcan and Novelis shall sign all such documents and perform allsuch other acts, and they shall cause each other member of their respectiveGroups to sign all such documents and perform all such other acts, as may benecessary or desirable to implement or confirm such terminations.

 

 

9

(b)    The provisions of Section 305(a) shall not apply to any of the followingagreements, arrangements, commitments or understandings (or to any of theprovisions thereof): (i) this Agreement and the Ancillary Agreements (andeach other agreement or instrument expressly contemplated by this Agreement orany Ancillary Agreement to be entered into by either Party hereto or any of themembers of their respective Groups); (ii) any agreement, arrangement,commitment or understanding listed or described or set forth on **Schedule 3.05(b)**;(iii) any agreement, arrangement, commitment or understanding to which anyThird Party is a party; and (iv) any other agreements, arrangements,commitments or understandings that this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreementcontemplates will be in force beyond the Effective Date.

**3.06     Ancillary Agreements**

On or prior to the EffectiveDate, the Parties shall execute and deliver or, as applicable, cause theappropriate members of their respective Groups to execute and deliver, each ofthe following agreements (collectively, the "**Ancillary Agreements**"):
(a)
the AluminaSupply Agreement;
(b)
the EmployeeMatters Agreement;
(c)
the EnergyAgreement;
(d)
the FoilStockSupply Agreement;
(e)
the Foil SupplyAgreements;
(f)
the Foil Supplyand Distribution Agreement;
(g)
the IntellectualProperty Agreements;
(h)
the JointProcurement of Goods and Services Protocol;
(i)
the Metal SupplyAgreements;
(j)
the NauhausenAgreements;

 

 

10
(k)
the Ohle Agreement;
(l)
the Sierre Agreements;
(m)
the Tax Sharing and Disaffiliation Agreement;
(n)
the Technical Services Agreements;
(o)
the Transitional Services Agreement;
(p)
such other agreements and instruments as may relate to or be identifiedin any of the foregoing agreements; and
(q)
the agreements and instruments identified on **Schedule 3.06(q)**.

**3.07     Resignations**

(a)      Alcan agrees to cause each Person who is a director or an officer of anySeparated Entity and who will not become an employee of Novelis Group (or anymember thereof) on the Effective Date to resign from such position with effectas of the Effective Date.

(b)     Novelis agrees to cause each Person who is a director or an officer of aRemaining Alcan Entity and who will become an employee of Novelis Group (or anymember thereof) on the Effective Date to resign from such position with effectas of the Effective Date.

(c)     Each of Alcan and Novelis agrees to obtain all such letters ofresignation or other evidence of such resignations as may be necessary ordesirable in performing their respective obligations under this Section 3.07.

**3.08    Sole Discretion of Alcan**

Notwithstanding anyother provision of this Article III, Alcan shall have the sole andabsolute discretion:

(a)      to determine whether to proceed with all or any part of the Reorganization,including any Reorganization Transaction, and to determine the timing of andany and all conditions to the completion of the Reorganization or any partthereof; and

(b)     to amend or otherwise change, delete or supplement, from time to time,any term or element of the Reorganization, including any ReorganizationTransaction.

**3.09    Cooperation**

Novelis shall cooperate withAlcan in all aspects of the Reorganization and it shall, at Alcan's request,sign all such documents and perform all such other acts as may be necessary ordesirable to give full effect to the Reorganization; andNovelis shall cause each other member of Novelis Group to do likewise.

 

 

 

11

**3.10     Intercompany Accounts and Other Adjustments**

Prior to the Effective Time, Alcan shall usecommercially reasonable efforts to cause all balances related to indebtedness,including any intercompany indebtedness, loans, guarantees, receivables,payables or other accounts between a member of Alcan Group and a member ofNovelis Group (including Arcustarget and its Subsidiaries), other than thosebalances related to indebtedness otherwise specifically provided for in thisAgreement or any Ancillary Agreement (including those described in Schedule3.10) ("**Intercompany Accounts**") to be settled, including by beingcontributed to capital in its discretion. To the extent that any IntercompanyAccount has not been settled or contributed to capital by the Effective Time,Novelis agrees to cause any Intercompany Account payable by any member ofNovelis Group to be satisfied in full when due. Intercompany Accounts notcontributed to capital or otherwise settled by the Effective Time shall bedealt with in the manner set forth in Schedule 3.10.  The Parties shall alsoperform such cash-balance, working capital and surplus asset adjustments as maybe required as at the Effective Time in the manner set forth in Schedule 3.10

**Article IV-THEARRANGEMENT**
4.01     Plan of Arrangement
Each of Alcan and Novelis shall use commerciallyreasonable efforts to carry out the Plan of Arrangement and to cause the Arrangementto become effective on January 6, 2005, or on such later date asAlcan may determine, provided that if the Alcan Board decides to proceed withthe Arrangement, Articles of Arrangement must be filed on or beforeApril 28, 2005.
4.02     Actions Prior to theEffective Date
In addition to the covenants ofAlcan provided for elsewhere in this Agreement, Alcan covenants and agrees,subject to Sections 3.08 and 4.03, that it shall cause the actionsdescribed on **Schedule 4.02** to be taken prior to theEffective Time. 
4.03     Sole Discretion of Alcan
Notwithstanding anyother provision of this Article IV, Alcan shall have the sole and absolutediscretion:

(a)      to determine whether to proceed with all or any part of the Arrangementand all the terms of the Plan of Arrangement and to determine the timing of andany and all conditions to the completion of the Arrangement or any partthereof, provided that if the Alcan Board decides to proceed with theArrangement, Articles of Arrangement must be filed on or before April 28,2005; and 

(b)      to amend or otherwise change, delete or supplement, from time to time,any term or element of the Plan of Arrangement.

 

 

12

Additionally,notwithstanding the adoption of the Arrangement Resolution by AlcanShareholders, the Arrangement shall take effect only at such time as determinedby further resolution of the Alcan Board, which shall also have the authorityto revoke the Arrangement Resolution at any time prior to the issuance of theCertificate of Arrangement without further approval of the Alcan Shareholders. If the Alcan Board decides to proceed with the Arrangement, Articles ofArrangement must be filed on or before April 28, 2005.
4.04     Cooperation
Novelis shall cooperate with Alcan in all aspects ofthe Arrangement and it shall, at Alcan's request, sign all such documents andperform all such other acts as may be necessary or desirable to carry out thePlan of Arrangement and give full effect to the Arrangement and Novelis shallcause each other member of Novelis Group to do likewise.

**Article V -DEFERREDSEPARATION TRANSACTIONS**
5.01     Deferred TransferAssets
(a)     If the transfer to, or retention by, Novelis Group (or the relevantmember thereof) of any Asset (a "**Deferred****Separated Asset**") thatwould otherwise constitute a Separated Asset or the transfer to, or retentionby, Alcan Group (or the relevant member thereof) of any Asset (a "**DeferredExcluded Asset**", and together with a Deferred Separated Asset, a "**DeferredTransfer Asset**") that would otherwise constitute an Excluded Asset cannotbe accomplished without giving rise to a violation of Applicable Law, orwithout obtaining a Third-Party Consent or a Governmental Authorization(collectively, a "**Transfer Impediment**") and any such Third-Party Consentor Governmental Authorization has not been obtained prior to the EffectiveTime, then such Asset shall be dealt with in the manner described in this Section 5.01.

(b)     Pending removal of such Transfer Impediment, the Person holding theDeferred Transfer Asset (the "**Retaining Person**") shall hold suchDeferred Transfer Asset for the use and benefit, insofar as reasonablypossible, of the Party to whom the transfer of such Asset could not be made atthe Effective Time (the "**Deferred Beneficiary")**. The Retaining Personshall use commercially reasonable efforts to preserve such Asset and its right,title and interest therein and take all such other action as may reasonably berequested by the Deferred Beneficiary (in each case, at such DeferredBeneficiary's expense) in order to place such Deferred Beneficiary, insofar asreasonably possible, in the same position as it would be in if such Asset hadbeen transferred to it or retained by it with effect as of the Effective Timeand so that, subject to the standard of care set forth above, all the benefitsand burdens relating to such Deferred Transfer Asset, including possession,use, risk of loss, potential for gain, and dominion, control and command oversuch Asset, are to inure from and after the Effective Time to such DeferredBeneficiary and the members of the Group to which it belongs. The provisionsset forth in this Section 501(b) contain all the obligations of the RetainingPerson vis-à-vis the Deferred Beneficiary with respect to the Deferred TransferAsset and the Retaining Person shall not be bound vis-à-vis the Deferred Beneficiaryby the obligations imposed by the *Civil Code of Quebec* on anadministrator charged with the full administration of the property of others orby any analogous provision of any other Applicable Law.

 

13

 

(c)     The Parties shall continue on and after the Effective Time to usecommercially reasonable efforts to remove all Transfer Impediments; provided,however, that neither Party shall be required to make any unreasonable paymentor assume any material obligations therefor. As and when any TransferImpediment is removed, the relevant Deferred Transfer Asset shall forthwith betransferred to its Deferred Beneficiary at no additional cost and in a mannerand on terms consistent with the relevant provisions of this Agreement and theAncillary Agreements, including without limitation Section 2.08(b) hereof,and any such transfer shall take effect as of the date of its actual transfer.

(d)     Notwithstanding the foregoing or any provision of Applicable Law, aRetaining Person shall not be obligated, in connection with the foregoing, toexpend any money in respect of a Deferred Transfer Asset unless the necessaryfunds are advanced by the Deferred Beneficiary of such Deferred Transfer Asset,other than reasonable attorneys' fees and recording or similar fees, all ofwhich shall be promptly reimbursed by the Deferred Beneficiary of such DeferredTransfer Asset.
5.02    UnreleasedLiabilities
If at any time on or after the Effective Time, anymember of Alcan Group shall remain obligated to any Third Party in respect ofany Assumed Liability or any member of Novelis Group shall remain obligated toany Third Party in respect of any Retained Liability, the following provisionsshall apply. The liabilities referred to in this Section 5.02 arehereinafter referred to as the "**Unreleased****Liabilities**" and thePerson remaining obligated for such liability in a manner contrary to what isintended under this Agreement is hereinafter referred to as the "**Unreleased Person**."

(a)     Each Unreleased Person shall remain obligated to Third Parties for suchUnreleased Liability as provided in the relevant Contract, Applicable Law orother source for such Unreleased Liability and shall pay and perform suchLiability as and when required, in accordance with its terms.

(b)     Alcan shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless each Novelis IndemnifiedParty that is an Unreleased Person against any Liabilities arising in respectof each Unreleased Liability of such Person; and Novelis shall indemnify,defend and hold harmless each Alcan Indemnified Party that is an UnreleasedPerson against any Liabilities arising in respect of each Unreleased Liabilityof such Person. Alcan and Novelis shall take, and shall cause the members oftheir respective Groups to take, such other actions as may be reasonablyrequested by the other in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement inorder to place Alcan and Novelis, insofar as reasonably possible, in the sameposition as they would be in if such Unreleased Liability had been fullycontributed, assigned, transferred, conveyed, and delivered to, and acceptedand assumed or retained, as applicable, by the other Party (or any relevantmember of the Group to which it belongs) with effect as of the Effective Timeand so that all the benefits and burdens relating to such Unreleased Liability,including possession, use, risk of loss, potential for gain, and dominion,control and command over such Unreleased Liability, are to inure from and afterthe Effective Time to the member or members of the Alcan Group or the NovelisGroup, as the case may be. 

 

14

(c)     The Parties shall continue on and after the Effective Time to usecommercially reasonable efforts to cause each Unreleased Person to be releasedfrom each of its Unreleased Liabilities.

(d)     If, as and when it becomes possible to delegate, novate or extinguishany Unreleased Liability in favor of an Unreleased Person, the Parties shallpromptly sign all such documents and perform all such other acts, and shallcause each member of their respective Groups, as applicable, to sign all suchdocuments and perform all such other acts, as may be necessary or desirable togive effect to such delegation, novation, extinction or other release withoutpayment of any further consideration by the Unreleased Person.

**5.03     Consideration**

For the avoidance of doubt, thetransfer or assumption of any Assets or Liabilities under this Article Vshall be effected without any additional consideration by either Partyhereunder.

**Article VI-REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES**

**6.01     MutualRepresentations and Warranties**

Each Party represents and warrants to and in favourof the other Party as follows and acknowledges that the other Party is relyingupon such representations and warranties in connection with the matterscontemplated by this Agreement: 

(a)      it is duly incorporated, amalgamated or continued and is validlyexisting under the CBCA and has the corporate power and authority to own itsAssets and to conduct its businesses and to perform its obligations hereunder;

(b)     the execution and delivery of this Agreement, of the AncillaryAgreements and of the Reorganization Documents by it and the completion by itof the transactions contemplated herein, in the Ancillary Agreements, in theReorganization Documents, in the Plan of Arrangement and in the Tax Rulings donot and will not result in the breach of, or violate any term or provision of,its articles or by-laws;

 

15

(c)      neither it nor, in the case of Novelis, any of its Group members issubject to any outstanding injunction, judgment or order, of any GovernmentalAuthority which would prevent or materially delay the transactions contemplatedby this Agreement, the Ancillary Agreements, the Reorganization Documents, thePlan of Arrangement or the Tax Rulings; there are no civil, criminal oradministrative claims, actions, suits, demands, proceedings, hearings orinvestigations pending or, to the Party's knowledge,  threatened, at law, inequity or otherwise, in, before, or by, any Governmental Authority which (ifsuccessful) would prevent or materially delay the consummation of thetransactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Ancillary Agreements, theReorganization Documents, the Plan of Arrangement or the Tax Rulings;

(d)     the facts and other information which appear in the Rulings Applicationsrelevant to it are accurate in all material respects and there has been noomission to state a material fact or to provide other material informationrelating to it that would be relevant to the granting of the Tax Rulings;

(e)     no dissolution, winding up, bankruptcy, liquidation or similarproceeding has been commenced, or is pending or proposed, in respect of it,except as contemplated by the Plan of Arrangement; and

(f)      the execution and delivery of this Agreement, of the AncillaryAgreements and of the Reorganization Documents and the completion of thetransactions contemplated herein, in the Ancillary Agreements and in theReorganization Documents, have been duly approved by its board of directors,and this Agreement, the Ancillary Agreements and the Reorganization Documentsconstitute legal, valid and binding obligations of such Party enforceableagainst it in accordance with its terms, subject to legislation relating tobankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and other similar legislation of generalapplication and other laws affecting the enforcement of creditors' rightsgenerally, to general principles of equity and limitations upon the enforcementof indemnification for fines or penalties imposed by law and to thediscretionary power of the courts as regards specific performance or injunctiverelief.

**6.02     Representations andWarranties of Alcan**

Alcan represents and warrants to and in favour ofNovelis as follows, and acknowledges that Novelis is relying upon such representationsand warranties in connection with the matters contemplated by this Agreement:

(a)     the authorized capital of Alcan consists of an unlimited number of AlcanCommon Shares and an unlimited number of preference shares issuable in seriesof which two series have been authorized. As of November 19, 2004, theissued and outstanding share capital without nominal or par value of Alcanconsisted of 369,739,183 Alcan Common Shares, 5,700,000 Alcan Series CPreference Shares and 3,000,000 Alcan Series E Preference Shares;

 

16

(b)     no Person holds any securities convertible into Alcan Common Shares orany other shares of Alcan or has any agreement, warrant, option or any otherright capable of becoming an agreement, warrant or option for the purchase orother acquisition of any unissued shares of Alcan, other than options grantedunder the Alcan executive share option plan;

(c)      to the best of Alcan's knowledge, there is no "specified shareholder" ofAlcan (as such term is defined for the purposes of paragraph 55(3.1)(b) of theTax Act); and

(d)     the Alcan Proxy Circular, does not, as of its date, contain any untruestatement of a material fact, omit to state any fact that, if publiclydisclosed, could reasonably be expected to have a material impact on thedecision of an Alcan Shareholder to vote in favour of the Plan of Arrangement,or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statementstherein not misleading; provided, however, that Alcan makes no representationsor warranties as to any statements of material fact concerning Novelis and theSeparated Businesses (excluding, for greater certainty, facts relating to Alcanand the Remaining Alcan Businesses) that are made in the Alcan Proxy Circular.

**6.03     Representations andWarranties of Novelis**

Novelis represents and warrants to and in favour ofAlcan as follows, and acknowledges that Alcan is relying upon suchrepresentations and warranties in connection with the matters contemplated bythis Agreement:

(a)     the authorized capital of Novelis consists of an unlimited number ofNovelis Common Shares, an unlimited number****of Novelis Special Shares, anunlimited number of first preferred shares and an unlimited number of secondpreferred shares none of which is currently issued and outstanding;

(b)     no Person holds any securities convertible into Novelis Common Shares orany other shares of Novelis or has any agreement, warrant, option or any otherright capable of becoming an agreement, warrant or option for the purchase orother acquisition of any unissued shares of Novelis except as contemplated bythis Agreement or the Tax Rulings; and

(c)     the Prospectus will not, as of the date the Registration Statement isdeclared effective, contain any untrue statement of a material fact, omit tostate any fact that, if publicly disclosed, could reasonably be expected tohave a material impact on the market price or value of the Novelis CommonShares, or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make thestatements therein not misleading; provided, however, that Novelis makes norepresentations or warranties as to any statements or omissions made in respectof Alcan (excluding the Separated Businesses, the Separated Assets and theAssumed Liabilities) and the Remaining Alcan Businesses.

 

17

**Article VII -COVENANTS**

**7.01     General Covenants**

Each Party covenants with and in favour of the otherParty that it shall, subject, in the case of Alcan, to Sections 3.08 and 4.03:

(a)     do and perform all such acts and things, and execute and deliver allsuch agreements, assurances, notices and other documents and instruments as mayreasonably be required of it to facilitate the carrying out of the intent andpurpose of this Agreement;

(b)     cooperate with and assist the other Party, both before and after theEffective Date, in dealing with transitional matters relating to or arisingfrom the Reorganization, this Agreement, the Ancillary Agreements or theArrangement;

(c)     cooperate prior to the Effective Date in applying for such amendments tothe Tax Rulings**,** amending the Rulings Applications and making suchamendments to this Agreement as may be necessary to obtain the Tax Rulings orto implement the Plan of Arrangement in the manner contemplated in the TaxRulings or as may be desired by Alcan to enable it to carry out transactionsdeemed advantageous by it for the purposes of the Separation; 

(d)     cooperate in preparing, and assisting Novelis in filing with the SEC,the Registration Statement and filing with the securities regulatoryauthorities in each of the provinces and territories of Canada the Prospectus,and such amendments or supplements thereto, as may be necessary in order tocause the same to become and remain effective as required by Applicable Law.Novelis shall use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the RegistrationStatement and the Prospectus to become effective under the Exchange Act and theapplicable securities laws as soon as practicable but in any event prior to theEffective Time and will file any amendments to the Registration Statement asmay be required by the SEC or such amendments to the Prospectus as may berequired by the securities regulatory authorities in each of the provinces andterritories of Canada; and

(e)     cooperate in preparing and filing all documentation (i) to effectall necessary applications, notices, petitions, filings and other documents;and (ii) to obtain as promptly as reasonably practicable all Consents andGovernmental Authorizations necessary or advisable to be obtained from anyThird Party and/or any Governmental Authority in order to consummate thetransactions contemplated by this Agreement (including all approvals requiredunder applicable antitrust laws).

**7.02    Covenants of Novelis**

In addition to the covenants of Novelis provided forelsewhere in this Agreement, Novelis covenants and agrees with and in favour ofAlcan that it shall:

18

(a)      use commercially reasonable efforts and do all things reasonablyrequired of it to cause the Reorganization to be completed;

(b)     use commercially reasonable efforts and do all things reasonablyrequired of it to cause the Arrangement to become effective on January 6, 2005****or such other date as Alcan may determine;

(c)     not perform any act or enter into any transaction that could interfereor be inconsistent with the completion of the Arrangement or the grant of theTax Rulings or their effective application to the Arrangement except asprovided in Section 7.02(d), and cause any other member of  Novelis Groupto do likewise;

(d)     perform the obligations required to be performed by it under the Plan ofArrangement and do all such other acts and things as may be necessary ordesirable and are within its power and control in order to carry out and giveeffect to the Arrangement and any transactions necessary for the effectivenessof the Tax Rulings, including co-operating with Alcan to obtain: (i) theInterim Order and the Final Order; (ii) the approval for the listing ofthe Novelis Common Shares on the New York Stock Exchange and the Toronto StockExchange; and (iii) such other consents, rulings, orders, approvals andassurances as its counsel may advise are necessary or desirable for theimplementation of the Arrangement, including those referred to in Section 8.01;and (iv) satisfaction of the other conditions referred to in****Section 8.01;and

(e)      perform and, as applicable, cause each member of Novelis Group toperform each of its and their respective obligations under each AncillaryAgreement.

**Article VIII -CONDITIONS**

**8.01     Actions Prior to theCompletion of the Arrangement**

(a)     In addition to, and without in any way limiting, Alcan's rights underSections 3.08 and 4.03, completion of the Arrangement is subject tothe fulfillment of each of the following conditions:

(i)      the Arrangement, either without amendment or with amendments approved bythe Alcan Board, shall have been approved at the Alcan Meeting in accordancewith the Interim Order;

(ii)      the Final Order shall have been obtained in form and substancesatisfactory to Alcan;

(iii)     the Registration Statement shall have been filed with and declaredeffective by the SEC and the Prospectus shall have been filed with, and shallhave received the appropriate approval by, the securities regulatoryauthorities in each of the provinces and territories of Canada and no stoporder suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall havebeen issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been instituted orthreatened by the SEC and the actions and filings with regard to securitieslaws described in Sections 7.01(d) and 7.02(d) shall have been taken and,where applicable, have become effective or been accepted;

 

 

19

(iv)     the Novelis Common Shares to be distributed pursuant to the Arrangementshall have been accepted for listing on the Toronto Stock Exchange and the NewYork Stock Exchange, Inc. subject to compliance with normal listingrequirements;

(v)     the Toronto Stock Exchange, the New York Stock Exchange, Inc., and the London, Swiss and Euronext Paris stock exchanges shall have confirmed that theredesignated New Alcan Common Shares will continue trading as the Alcan CommonShares following the Effective Date;

(vi)     no Order or other legal restraint or prohibition preventing theconsummation of the Reorganization, the Arrangement or any of the transactionscontemplated by this Agreement****or any Ancillary Agreement shall bethreatened, pending or in effect;

(vii)    the Tax Rulings, in form and substance satisfactory to Alcan, shall havebeen received and remain in full force and effect; 

(viii)   all of the transactions referred to in such Tax Rulings as occurring onor prior to the Effective Time shall have occurred, and all conditions or termsof such Tax Rulings shall have been satisfied;

(ix)     any Consents and Governmental Authorizations necessary to complete theArrangement shall have been obtained and be in full force and effect;

(x)      the Alcan Board shall have approved the Arrangement and shall not haveabandoned, deferred or modified the Arrangement at any time prior to theEffective Date;

(xi)      the Reorganization Transactions shall have been completed in a mannersatisfactory to Alcan;

(xii)    each of the Ancillary Agreements shall have been duly executed anddelivered by the parties thereto and shall be in effect;

(xiii)   the Alcan Board shall have received written opinions acceptable to theAlcan Board from Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated and from Lazard CanadaCorporation that the Distribution is fair, from a financial point of view, tothe Alcan Shareholders, which opinions shall not have been withdrawn ormodified;

 

 

20

(xiv)   this Agreement will not have been terminated as provided herein; and

(xv)   the Alcan Board shall have received such other opinions or reports asthe Alcan Board may reasonably request in form and substance reasonablysatisfactory to the Alcan Board as to accounting, tax and legal matters fromPricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Ernst & Young LLP, Sullivan & Cromwell LLPand Ogilvy Renault.

(b)     The foregoing conditions are for the sole benefit of Alcan and shall notgive rise to or create any duty on the part of Alcan or the Alcan Board towaive or not to waive such conditions or in any way limit Alcan's right toterminate this Agreement as set forth in Article XV or alter theconsequences of any such termination from those specified in such Article XV.Any determination made by Alcan prior to the Arrangement concerning thesatisfaction or waiver of any or all of the conditions set forth in thisSection 8.01 shall be final and conclusive.

**Article IX -MUTUAL RELEASES; INDEMNIFICATION**

**9.01    Release ofPre-Separation Claims**

(a)      Except as provided in Section 9.01(c), effective as of theEffective Time, Novelis does hereby, on behalf of itself and each other memberof Novelis Group, their respective Affiliates (other than any member of AlcanGroup), successors and assigns, and all Persons who at any time prior to theEffective Time have been stockholders (other than any member of Alcan Group),directors, officers, agents or employees of any member of Novelis Group (ineach case, in their respective capacities as such) (the "**Novelis Releasors**"),unequivocally, unconditionally and irrevocably release and discharge each ofAlcan, the other members of Alcan Group, their respective Affiliates (otherthan any member of Novelis Group), successors and assigns, and all Persons whoat any time prior to the Effective Time have been stockholders, directors,officers, agents or employees of any member of Alcan Group (in each case, intheir respective capacities as such), and their respective heirs, executors,trustees, administrators, successors and assigns (the "**Alcan Parties**"),from any and all Actions, causes of action, choses in action, cases, claims,suits, debts, dues, damages, judgments and liabilities, of any nature whatsoever,in law, at equity or otherwise, whether direct, derivative or otherwise, whichhave been asserted against an Alcan Party or which, whether currently known orunknown, suspected or unsuspected, fixed or contingent, and whether or notconcealed or hidden, the Novelis Releasors ever could have asserted or evercould assert, in any capacity, whether as partner, employer, agent orotherwise, either for itself or as an assignee, heir, executor, trustee,administrator, successor or otherwise for or on behalf of any other Person,against the Alcan Parties, relating to any claims or transactions oroccurrences whatsoever, up to but excluding the Effective Time,****includingin connection with the transactions and all activities to implement theSeparation (the "**Novelis Claims**"); and the Novelis Releasors herebyunequivocally, unconditionally and irrevocably agree not to initiateproceedings with respect to, or institute, assert or threaten to assert, anyNovelis Claim.

 

 

21

(b)     Except as provided in Section 9.01(c), effective as of theEffective Time, Alcan does hereby, on behalf of itself and each other member ofAlcan Group, their respective Affiliates (other than any member of NovelisGroup), successors and assigns, and all Persons who at any time prior to theEffective Time have been stockholders, directors, officers, agents or employeesof any member of Alcan Group (in each case, in their respective capacities assuch) (the "**Alcan Releasors**"), unequivocally, unconditionally andirrevocably release and discharge each of Novelis, the other members of NovelisGroup, their respective Affiliates (other than any member of Alcan Group),successors and assigns, and all Persons who at any time prior to the EffectiveTime have been stockholders (other than any member of Alcan Group), directors,officers, agents or employees of any member of Novelis Group (in each case, intheir respective capacities as such), and their respective heirs, executors,trustees, administrators, successors and assigns (the "**Novelis****Parties**"),from any and all Actions, causes of action, choses in action, cases, claims,suits, debts, dues, damages, judgments and liabilities, of any naturewhatsoever, in law, at equity or otherwise, whether direct, derivative orotherwise, which have been asserted against a Novelis Party or which, whethercurrently known or unknown, suspected or unsuspected, fixed or contingent, andwhether or not concealed or hidden, the Alcan Releasors ever could haveasserted or ever could assert, in any capacity, whether as partner, employer,agent or otherwise, either for itself or as an assignee, heir, executor,trustee, administrator, successor or otherwise for or on behalf of any otherPerson, against the Novelis Parties, relating to any claims or transactions oroccurrences whatsoever, up to but excluding the Effective Time including inconnection with the transactions and all activities to implement the Separation****(the "**Alcan Claims**"); and the Alcan Releasors hereby unequivocally,unconditionally and irrevocably agree not to initiate proceedings with respectto, or institute, assert or threaten to assert, any Alcan Claim.

(c)      Nothing contained in Section 9.01(a) or 9.01(b) shall impair any right ofany Person to enforce this Agreement, any Ancillary Agreement or any agreement,arrangement, commitment or understanding that is specified in Section 3.05(b)or in the applicable Schedules thereto, nor shall anything contained in thosesections be interpreted as terminating as of the Effective Time any rightsunder any such agreements, contracts, commitments or understandings. Forpurposes of clarification, nothing contained in Section 9.01(a) or 9.01(b) shallrelease any Person from:

(i)       any Liability provided in or resulting from this Agreement or any of theAncillary Agreements;

22

(ii)      any Liability provided in or resulting from any agreement among anymembers of Alcan Group or Novelis Group that is specified in Section 3.05(b)or in the applicable Schedules thereto as not terminating as of the EffectiveTime (including for greater certainty, any Liability resulting or flowing fromany breaches of such agreements that arose prior to the Effective Time), or anyother Liability specified in such Section 3.05 as not to terminate as ofthe Effective Time;

(iii)     (a) with respect to Novelis, any Assumed Liability and(b) with respect to Alcan, any Retained Liability;

(iv)    any Liability that the Parties may have with respect to indemnificationor contribution pursuant to Article V or this Article IX of thisAgreement for Third-Party Claims;

(v)     any Liability for unpaid Intercompany Accounts; or

(vi)     any Liability the release of which would result in the release of anyPerson other than a Person released pursuant to this Section 9.01.

In addition, nothing contained in Section 9.01(a)shall release Alcan from honoring its existing obligations to indemnify anydirector, officer or employee of Novelis who was a director, officer oremployee of Alcan or any other member of Alcan Group on or prior to theEffective Time, to the extent that such director, officer or employee becomes anamed defendant in any litigation involving Alcan or any other member of AlcanGroup and was entitled to such indemnification pursuant to then existingobligations.

(d)     Novelis shall not make, and shall not permit any other member of NovelisGroup to make, any claim or demand, or commence any Action asserting any claimor demand, including any claim of contribution or any indemnification, againstAlcan or any other member of Alcan Group or any other Person released pursuantto Section 9.01(a), with respect to any Liabilities released pursuant toSection 9.01(a). Alcan shall not make, and shall not permit any other member ofAlcan Group to make, any claim or demand, or commence any Action asserting anyclaim or demand, including any claim of contribution or any indemnification,against Novelis or any other member of Novelis Group or any other Personreleased pursuant to Section 9.01(b), with respect to any Liabilitiesreleased pursuant to Section 9.01(b).

(e)      It is the intent of Alcan and Novelis by virtue of the provisions ofthis Section 9.01 to provide for a full and complete release and dischargeof all Liabilities existing or arising from all acts and events occurring orfailing to occur or alleged to have occurred or to have failed to occur and allconditions existing or alleged to have existed before theEffective Time, between or among Novelis or any other member of Novelis Group,on the one hand, and Alcan or any other member of Alcan Group, on the otherhand (including any contractual agreements or arrangements existing or allegedto have existed between or among any such members before the Effective Time),except as expressly set forth in Section 9.01(c). At any time, at therequest of any other Party, each Party shall, and shall cause eachmember of its Group to, promptly execute and deliver releases giving fulleffect to the provisions hereof.

 

23

**9.02     Indemnification by Novelis**

Exceptas provided in Section 9.04 and subject to Section 16.01, Novelisshall, and shall cause the other members of Novelis Group to, solidarilyindemnify, defend and hold harmless Alcan, each other member of Alcan Group andeach of their respective directors, officers and employees, and each of theheirs, executors, trustees, administrators, successors and assigns of any ofthe foregoing (collectively, the "**Alcan Indemnified Parties**"),from and against any and all Liabilities of the Alcan Indemnified Partiesrelating to, arising out of or resulting from any of the following items(without duplication):

(a)      any Separated Business, any Separated Entity, any Separated Asset, anyAssumed Liability or, subject to Section 5.01, any Deferred Separated Asset;and

(b)     any breach of, or any inaccuracy in, any representation or warranty orany breach of, or failure to perform or comply with, any covenant, undertakingor obligation of, this Agreement or any of the Ancillary Agreements, by Novelisor any other member of Novelis Group.

**9.03    Indemnification by Alcan**

Except as provided inSection 9.04 and subject to Section 16.01, Alcan shall indemnify,defend and hold harmless Novelis, each other member of Novelis Group and eachof their respective directors, officers and employees, and each of the heirs,executors, trustees, administrators, successors and assigns of any of theforegoing (collectively, the "**Novelis Indemnified Parties**"), from andagainst any and all Liabilities of the Novelis Indemnified Parties relating to,arising out of or resulting from any of the following items (withoutduplication):

(a)     any Remaining Alcan Business or any Retained Liability; and

(b)     any breach of, or any inaccuracy in, any representation or warranty orany breach of, or failure to perform or comply with, any covenant, undertakingor obligation of, this Agreement or any of the Ancillary Agreements, by Alcanor any other member of Alcan Group.

**9.04     Method of AssertingClaims Etc.**

(a)     All claims for indemnification relating to a Third Party Claim by anyindemnified party (an "**Indemnified Party**") hereunder shall be assertedand resolved as set forth in this Section 9.04.

 

 

 

24

(b)     In the event that any written claim or demand for which an indemnifyingparty (an "**Indemnifying Party**") may have liability to any IndemnifiedParty hereunder, is asserted against or sought to be collected from anyIndemnified Party by a Third Party (a "**Third Party Claim**"), suchIndemnified Party shall promptly, but in no event more than ten (10) daysfollowing such Indemnified Party's receipt of a Third Party Claim, notify theIndemnifying Party in writing of such Third Party Claim, the amount or theestimated amount of damages sought thereunder to the extent then ascertainable(which estimate shall not be conclusive of the final amount of such Third PartyClaim), any other remedy sought thereunder, any relevant time constraintsrelating thereto and, to the extent practicable, any other material detailspertaining thereto (a "**Claim Notice**"); provided, however, that thefailure to timely give a Claim Notice shall affect the rights of an IndemnifiedParty hereunder only to the extent that such failure has a material prejudicialeffect on the defenses or other rights available to the Indemnifying Party withrespect to such Third Party Claim. The Indemnifying Party shall have thirty(30) days (or such lesser number of days set forth in the Claim Notice as maybe required by court proceeding in the event of a litigated matter) afterreceipt of the Claim Notice (the "**Notice Period**") to notify theIndemnified Party that it desires to defend the Indemnified Party against suchThird Party Claim.

(c)     In the event that the Indemnifying Party notifies the Indemnified Partywithin the Notice Period that it desires to defend the Indemnified Partyagainst a Third Party Claim, the Indemnifying Party shall have the right todefend the Indemnified Party by appropriate proceedings and shall have the solepower to direct and control such defense, with counsel reasonably satisfactoryto the Indemnified Party at its expense. Once the Indemnifying Party has dulyassumed the defense of a Third Party Claim, the Indemnified Party shall havethe right, but not the obligation, to participate in any such defense and toemploy separate counsel of its choosing. The Indemnified Party shallparticipate in any such defense at its expense unless (i) the IndemnifyingParty and the Indemnified Party are both named parties to the proceedings andthe Indemnified Party shall have reasonably concluded that representation ofboth parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual orpotential differing interests between them, or (ii) the Indemnified Partyassumes the defense of a Third Party Claim after the Indemnifying Party hasfailed to diligently pursue a Third Party Claim it has assumed, as provided inthe first sentence of this Section 9.04(c). The Indemnifying Party shallnot, without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Party, settle,compromise or offer to settle or compromise any Third Party Claim on a basisthat would result in (i) the imposition of a consent order, injunction ordecree that would restrict the future activity or conduct of the IndemnifiedParty or any of its Affiliates, (ii) a finding or admission of a violationof Applicable Law or violation of the rights of any Person by the IndemnifiedParty or any of its Affiliates or (iii) a finding or admission that wouldhave an adverse effect on other claims made or threatened against theIndemnified Party or any of its Affiliates.

 

 

 

25

(d)     If the Indemnifying Party (i) elects not to defend the IndemnifiedParty against a Third Party Claim, whether by not giving the Indemnified Partytimely notice of its desire to so defend or otherwise or (ii) afterassuming the defense of a Third Party Claim, fails to take reasonable stepsnecessary to defend diligently such Third Party Claim within ten (10) daysafter receiving written notice from the Indemnified Party to the effect thatthe Indemnifying Party has so failed, the Indemnified Party shall have theright but not the obligation to assume its own defense; it being understoodthat the Indemnified Party's right to indemnification for a Third Party Claimshall not be adversely affected by assuming the defense of such Third PartyClaim. The Indemnified Party shall not settle a Third Party Claim without theconsent of the Indemnifying Party, which consent shall not be unreasonablywithheld.

(e)     The Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party shall cooperate inorder to ensure the proper and adequate defense of a Third Party Claim,including by providing access to each other's relevant business records andother documents, and employees; it being understood that the reasonable costsand expenses of the Indemnified Party relating thereto shall be Liabilities.

(f)      The Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party shall use commerciallyreasonable efforts to avoid production of confidential information (consistentwith Applicable Law), and to cause all communications among employees, counseland others representing any party to a Third Party Claim to be made so as topreserve any applicable attorney-client or work-product privileges.

**9.05    Adjustments toLiabilities**

(a)     If an Indemnified Party receives any payment from an Indemnifying Partyin respect of any Liabilities and the Indemnified Party could have recoveredall or a part of such Liabilities from a Third Party (a "**Potential Contributor**")based on the underlying claim or demand asserted against such IndemnifyingParty, such Indemnified Party shall, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law,assign such of its rights to proceed against the Potential Contributor as arenecessary to permit such Indemnifying Party to recover from the PotentialContributor the amount of such payment.

(b)    If notwithstanding Section 9.05(a) an Indemnified Party receives anamount from a Third Party in respect of a Liability that is the subject ofindemnification hereunder after all or a portion of such Liability has beenpaid by an Indemnifying Party pursuant to this Article IX, the IndemnifiedParty shall promptly remit to the Indemnifying Party the excess (if any) of(i) the amount paid by the Indemnifying Party in respect of suchLiability, plus the amount received from the Third Party in respect thereof,less (ii) the full amount of the Liability.

(c)     An insurer who would otherwise be obligated to pay any claim shall notbe relieved of the responsibility with respect thereto or, solely by virtue ofthe indemnification provisions hereof, have any subrogation rights with respectthereto, it being expressly understood and agreed that no insurer or any otherThird Party shall be entitled to a "wind-fall" (i.e., a benefit they would notbe entitled to receive in the absence of the indemnification provisions) byvirtue of the indemnification provisions hereof. 

 

 

26

**9.06     Payments**

The Indemnifying Party shall pay all amounts payablepursuant to this Article IX by wire transfer of immediately availablefunds, promptly following receipt from an Indemnified Party of a bill, togetherwith all accompanying reasonably detailed back-up documentation, for aLiability that is the subject of indemnification hereunder, unless theIndemnifying Party in good faith disputes the Liability, in which event itshall so notify the Indemnified Party. In any event, the Indemnifying Partyshall pay to the Indemnified Party, by wire transfer of immediately availablefunds, the amount of any Liability for which it is liable hereunder no laterthan three (3) days following any final determination of such Liability and theIndemnifying Party's liability therefor. A "final determination" shall existwhen (i) the parties to the dispute have reached an agreement in writing,(ii) a court of competent jurisdiction shall have entered a final andnon-appealable order or judgment, or (iii) an arbitration or like panelshall have rendered a final non-appealable determination with respect todisputes the parties have agreed to submit thereto. 

**9.07      Contribution**

If the indemnification provided for in this Article IXshall, for any reason, be unavailable or insufficient to hold harmless theIndemnified Party hereunder in respect of any Liability, then each IndemnifyingParty shall, in lieu of indemnifying such Indemnified Party, contribute to theamount paid or payable by such Indemnified Party as a result of such Liability,in such proportion as shall be sufficient to place the Indemnified Party in thesame position as if such Indemnified Party were indemnified hereunder, theParties intending that their respective contributions hereunder be as close aspossible to the indemnification under Sections 9.02 and 9.03. If thecontribution provided for in the previous sentence shall, for any reason, beunavailable or insufficient to put the Indemnified Party in the same positionas if it were indemnified under Section 9.02 or 9.03, as the case may be,then the Indemnifying Party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable bysuch Indemnified Party as a result of such Liability, in such proportion asshall be appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by and therelative fault of the Indemnifying Party on the one hand and the IndemnifiedParty on the other hand with respect to the matter giving rise to theLiability.

**9.08     Litigation**

(a)    Litigation Transferred to Novelis.   Notwithstandinganything to the contrary in this Article IX, at the Effective Time,responsibility for management of the litigation identified on **Schedule 09.08(a)**at the cost and expense of Novelis, which Schedule may be updated by Alcan onor prior to the Effective Time, shall be transferred  from Alcan (or any othermember of Alcan Group) to Novelis. As of the Effective Time and thereafter,Novelis shall manage the defense of each such litigation, or prosecute same asapplicable, and shall cause the applicable other members of Novelis Group to dothe same. Alcan and the other members of Alcan Group must first obtain theprior consent of Novelis or the relevant member of Novelis Group for any actiontaken subsequent to the Effective Time in connection with the litigationidentified on **Schedule 9.08(a)**, which consent shall not beunreasonably withheld or delayed. All other matters relating to suchlitigation, including but not limited to indemnification for such claims, shallbe governed by the provisions of Sections 9.01 through 9.07, 9.09 and 9.10.

 

 

 
 
27

(b)    Litigation to be Defended by Alcan at Novelis's Expense.   Notwithstanding any contrary provisions in this Article IX,Alcan shall defend, and shall cause the relevant other members of Alcan Groupto defend, or prosecute same as applicable, the litigation identified on **Schedule 9.08(b)**,which Schedule may be updated by Alcan on or prior to the Effective Time, atthe cost and expense of Novelis. Novelis shall be responsible for promptlyreimbursing, or causing its Group members to promptly reimburse, to Alcan, orupon the request of Alcan (or any other member of Alcan Group) promptlyadvancing to Alcan (or any other member of Alcan Group), any of its costs,including attorneys' fees, incurred in defending such litigation. All othermatters relating to such litigation, including but not limited toindemnification for such claims, shall be governed by the provisions ofSections 9.01 through 9.07, 9.09 and 9.10.

(c)    Cooperation.    Alcan and Novelis shall cooperate,and shall cause the other members of their respective Groups to cooperate, witheach other in the defense of any litigation covered under this Section 9.08and afford to each other reasonable access upon reasonable advance notice towitnesses and information that is reasonably required to defend or prosecutesuch litigation as set forth in this Article IX. The foregoing agreementto cooperate includes, but is not limited to, an obligation to provide accessto qualified assistance, information, witnesses and documents to respond todiscovery requests in specific lawsuits. In such cases, cooperation shall betimely so that the Party responding to discovery may meet any court-imposeddeadlines. In connection with any matter contemplated by this Section 9.08,the Parties will enter into a mutually acceptable joint defense agreement so asto maintain to the extent practicable any applicable attorney-client privilegeor work product immunity of any member of any Group.

(d)    No Assignment.    Nothing in this Section 9.08shall be considered or interpreted as an assignment by Alcan or any othermember of Alcan Group of any rights of action in contravention of Article IIhereof.

**9.09    Remedies Cumulative**

The remedies provided in this Article IX shallbe cumulative and, subject to the provisions of Article XII, shall notpreclude assertion by any Indemnified Party of any other rights or the seekingof any and all other remedies against any Indemnifying Party.

**9.10    Survival ofIndemnities**

The rights and obligations of each of Alcan andNovelis and their respective Indemnified Parties under this Article IXshall survive the distribution, sale or other transfer by any Party of anyAssets or the delegation or assignment by it of any Liabilities.

28

**Article X -INSURANCE**

**10.01   Insurance Matters**

(a)     Novelis does hereby, for itself and each other member of Novelis Group,agree that no member of Alcan Group or any Alcan Indemnified Party shall haveany liability whatsoever as a result of the insurance policies and practices ofAlcan and its Affiliates as in effect at any time prior to the Effective Time,including as a result of the level or scope of any such insurance, thecreditworthiness of any insurance carrier, the terms and conditions of anypolicy, the adequacy or timeliness of any notice to any insurance carrier withrespect to any claim or potential claim or otherwise.

(b)     Alcan agrees to cause the interest and rights of Novelis and the othermembers of Novelis Group as of the Effective Time as insureds or beneficiariesor in any other capacity under occurrence‐based insurance policies andprograms (and under claims‐made policies and programs to the extent aclaim has been submitted prior to the Effective Time) of Alcan or any othermember of Alcan Group in respect of periods prior to the Effective Time tosurvive the Effective Time for the period for which such interests and rightswould have survived without regard to the transactions contemplated hereby tothe extent permitted by such policies, and Alcan shall continue to administersuch policies and programs on behalf of Novelis and the other members ofNovelis Group, subject to Novelis reimbursement to Alcan and the other relevantmembers of Alcan Group for the actual out-of-pocket costs of such ongoingadministration and the internal costs (based on the proportion of the amount oftime actually spent on such matter to such employee's normal working time) ofany employee or agent of Alcan of any other relevant member of Alcan Group whowill be required to spend at least ten percent of their normal working timeover any ten (10) Business Days working with respect to any such matter. Anyproceeds received by Alcan of any other member of Alcan Group after theEffective Time under such policies and programs in respect of Novelis and theother members of Novelis Group shall be for the benefit of Novelis and theother members of Novelis Group. Notwithstanding the foregoing, such insuranceproceeds payable in respect of Novelis and the other members of Novelis Groupfor periods prior to the Effective Time shall be for the benefit of Alcan andits Affiliates (excluding, for greater certainty, Novelis and the other membersof Novelis Group) to the extent such proceeds relate to expenditures that havebeen made prior to the Effective Time.

(c)     This Agreement is not intended as an attempted assignment of any policyof insurance or as a contract of insurance and shall not be construed to waiveany right or remedy of any member of Alcan Group in respect of any insurancepolicy or any other contract or policy of insurance.

 

 

29

(d)     Nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to restrict any member of Novelis Group from acquiring at its own expense any other insurance policy inrespect of any Liabilities or covering any period.

**Article XI -EXCHANGE OFINFORMATION; CONFIDENTIALITY**

**11.01    Agreement forExchange of Information; Archives**

Without limiting any rights or obligations under anyAncillary Agreement between the Parties and/or any other member of theirrespective Groups relating to confidentiality, each of Alcan and Novelis agreesto provide, and to cause its Representatives, its Group members and itsrespective Group members' Representatives to provide, to the other Group andany member thereof (a "**Requesting Party**"), at any time before, on orafter the Effective Date, subject to the provisions of Section 11.04 andas soon as reasonably practicable after written request therefor, anyInformation within the possession or under the control of such Party or one ofsuch Persons which the Requesting Party reasonably needs (i) to complywith reporting, disclosure, filing or other requirements imposed on theRequesting Party (including under applicable securities laws) by a GovernmentalAuthority having jurisdiction over the Requesting Party, (ii) for use inany other judicial, regulatory, administrative or other proceeding or in orderto satisfy audit, accounting, claims, regulatory, litigation of the RequestingParty or similar requirements, in each case other than claims or allegationsthat one Party to this Agreement or any of its Group members has or bringsagainst the other Party or any of its Group members, or (iii) subject tothe foregoing clause (ii) above, to comply with its obligations under thisAgreement or any Ancillary Agreement; provided, however, that in the event thatany Party determines that any such provision of Information could becommercially detrimental, violate any Applicable Law or agreement, or waive anyattorney‐client privilege, the Parties shall take all reasonable measuresto permit the compliance with such obligations in a manner that avoids any suchharm or consequence. More particularly, and without limitation to thegenerality of the foregoing sentence, the Parties agree that the provisions ofthe Tax Sharing and Disaffiliation Agreement shall govern with respect to thesharing of Information relating to Tax and to the extent governed thereby, theprovisions of this Article XI shall not apply.

After the Effective Time, Novelis and the othermembers of Novelis Group shall have access during regular business hours (as ineffect from time to time), and upon reasonable advance notice, to the documentsand objects of historic significance that relate to the Separated Businesses,the Separated Assets or the Separated Entities and that are located in archivesretained or maintained by Alcan or any other member of Alcan Group. Novelis andthe other members of Novelis Group may obtain copies (but not originals) ofdocuments for *bona fide* business purposes and may obtain objects forexhibition purposes for commercially reasonable periods of time if required for*bona fide* business purposes, provided that Novelis shall cause any suchobjects to be returned promptly, at Novelis's expense, in the same condition inwhich they were delivered to Novelis or any other member of Novelis Group andNovelis and the other members of Novelis Group shall comply with any rules,procedures or other requirements, and shall be subject to any restrictions(including prohibitions on removal of specified objects), that are thenapplicable to Alcan or such other member of Alcan Group. In any event, theforegoing shall not be deemed to restrict the access of Alcan or any othermember of Alcan Group to any such documents or objects. Nothing herein shall bedeemed to impose any Liability on Alcan or any other member of Alcan Group ifdocuments or objects referred to in this Section 11.01 are not maintainedor preserved by Alcan or any other member of Alcan Group.

30

 

Alternatively, Alcan, acting reasonably, may requestfrom Novelis and any other member of Novelis Group that they provide it, withreasonable advance notice, with a list of the requested Information thatrelates to the Separated Businesses, the Separated Assets or the SeparatedEntities and Alcan shall use, and shall cause the other members of Alcan Groupwho are in possession of the Information requested to use, commerciallyreasonable efforts to locate all requested Information that is owned orpossessed by Alcan or any of its Group members or Representatives. Alcan willmake available all such Information for inspection by Novelis or any otherrelevant member of Novelis Group during normal business hours at the place ofbusiness reasonably designated by Alcan. Subject to such confidentiality orsecurity obligations as Alcan or the other relevant members of its Group mayreasonably deem necessary, Novelis and the other relevant members of NovelisGroup may have all requested Information duplicated. Alternatively, Alcan orthe other relevant members of Alcan Group may choose to deliver to Novelis, atNovelis's expense, all requested Information in the form reasonably requestedby Novelis or any other member of Novelis Group. At Alcan's request, Novelisshall cause such Information when no longer needed to be returned to Alcan atNovelis's expense.

**11.02   Ownership ofInformation**

Any Information owned by a Party or any of its Groupmembers and that is provided to a requesting party pursuant to Section 11.01shall be deemed to remain the property of the providing party. Unlessspecifically set forth herein or in any Ancillary Agreement,****nothingcontained in this Agreement shall be construed as granting or conferring rightsof license or otherwise in any such Information.

**11.03  Compensation forProviding Information**

The Party requesting Information agrees to reimbursethe other Party for the reasonablecosts, if any, of creating, gathering and copying such Information, to theextent that such costs are incurred for the benefit of the Requesting Party.Except as may be otherwise specifically provided elsewhere in this Agreement,in the Ancillary Agreements, or in any other agreement between the Parties,such costs shall be computed in accordance with the providing Party's standardmethodology and procedures.

 
 
31

 

**11.04   Record Retention**

To facilitate the possible exchange of Informationpursuant to this Article XI and other provisions of this Agreement afterthe Effective Time, the Parties agree to use commercially reasonable efforts toretain, and to cause the members of their respective Group to retain, allInformation in their respective possession or control on the Effective Date inaccordance with the policies of Alcan Group as in effect on the Effective Dateor such other policies as may be reasonably adopted by the appropriate Partyafter the Effective Date. 

No Party will destroy, or permit any member of itsGroup to destroy, any Information which the other Party or any member of itsGroup may have the right to obtain pursuant to this Agreement prior to thefifth (5th) anniversary of the Effective Date without first usingcommercially reasonable efforts to notify the other Party of the proposeddestruction and giving the other Party the opportunity to take possession ofsuch Information prior to such destruction.

**11.05   Other AgreementsProviding for Exchange of Information**

The rights and obligations granted or created underthis Article XI are subject to any specific limitations, qualifications oradditional provisions on the sharing, exchange, retention or confidentialtreatment of Information set forth in any Ancillary Agreement.

**11.06   Production of Witnesses; Records;Cooperation**

(a)      After the Effective Time, but only with respect to a Third-Party Claim,each Party hereto shall use commercially reasonable efforts to, and shall causethe other relevant members of its Group to use commercially reasonable effortsto, make available to the other Party or any member of the Group to whichbelongs the other Party, upon written request, its then former and currentRepresentatives (and the former and current Representatives of its respectiveGroup members) as witnesses and any books, records or other documents withinits control (or that of its respective Group members) or which it (or itsrespective Group members) otherwise has the ability to make available, to theextent that any such person (giving consideration to business demands of suchRepresentatives) or books, records or other documents may reasonably berequired in connection with any Action in which the Requesting Party may fromtime to time be involved, regardless of whether such Action is a matter withrespect to which indemnification may be sought hereunder. The Requesting Partyshall bear all costs and expenses in connection therewith.

32

(b)     If a Party, being entitled to do so under this Agreement, chooses todefend or to seek to settle or compromise any Third-Party Claim, the otherParty shall use commercially reasonable efforts to make available to suchParty, upon written request, its then former and current Representatives andthose of its respective Group members as witnesses and any books, records orother documents within its control (or that of its respective Group members) orwhich it (or its respective Group members) otherwise has the ability to makeavailable, to the extent that any such person (giving consideration to businessdemands of such Representatives) or books, records or other documents mayreasonably be required in connection with such defense, settlement orcompromise, as the case may be, and shall otherwise cooperate in such defense,settlement or compromise, as the case may be.

(c)     Without limiting the foregoing, the Parties shall cooperate and consult,and shall cause their respective Group members to cooperate and consult, to theextent reasonably necessary with respect to any Actions (except in the case ofan Action by one Party against the other).

(d)     The obligation of the Parties to provide witnesses pursuant to thisSection 11.06 is intended to be interpreted in a manner so as tofacilitate cooperation and shall include the obligation to provide as witnessesinventors and other employees without regard to whether the witness or theemployer of the witness could assert a possible business conflict (subject tothe exception set forth in the first sentence of Section 11.06(a)).

(e)     In connection with any matter contemplated by this Section 11.06,the Parties will enter into, and shall cause all other relevant members oftheir respective Groups to enter into, a mutually acceptable joint defenseagreement so as to maintain to the extent practicable any applicableattorney-client privilege or work-product privileges of any member of any Group.

 

**11.07  Confidentiality**

(a)     Subject to Section 11.08, each of Alcan and Novelis shall hold, andshall cause its respective Group members and its respective Affiliates (whethernow an Affiliate or hereafter becoming an Affiliate) and its Representatives tohold, in strict confidence, with at least the same degree of care that appliesto Alcan's confidential and proprietary Information pursuant to policies ineffect as of the Effective Date, all confidential and proprietary Informationconcerning the other Group (or any member thereof) that is either in itspossession (including Information in its possession prior to the date hereof)or furnished by the other Group (or any member thereof) or by any of itsAffiliates (whether now an Affiliate or hereafter becoming an Affiliate) ortheir respective Representatives at any time pursuant to this Agreement or anyAncillary Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby (anysuch Information referred to herein as "**Confidential Information**"), andshall not use, and shall cause its respective Group members, Affiliates andRepresentatives not to use, any such Confidential Information other than forsuch purposes as shall be expressly permitted hereunder or thereunder. Notwithstandingthe foregoing, Confidential Information shall not include Information that isor was (i) in the public domain other than by the breach of this Agreementor by breach of any other agreement relating to confidentiality between oramong the Parties and/or their respective Group members, their respectiveAffiliates or Representatives, (ii) lawfully acquired by such Party (orany member of the Group to which such Party belongs or any of such Party'sAffiliates) from a Third Party not bound by a confidentiality obligation, or(iii) independently generated or developed by Persons who do not haveaccess to, or descriptions of, any such confidential or proprietary Informationof the other Party (or any member of the Group to which such Party belongs).

 

 
 
33

 

(b)     Each Party shall maintain, and shall cause its respective Group membersto maintain, policies and procedures, and develop such further policies andprocedures as will from time to time become necessary or appropriate, to ensurecompliance with this Section 11.07(a).

(c)     Each Party agrees not to release or disclose, or permit to be releasedor disclosed, any Confidential Information to any other Person, except itsRepresentatives who need to know such Confidential Information (who shall beadvised of their obligations hereunder with respect to such ConfidentialInformation), except in compliance with Section 11.08. Without limitingthe foregoing, when any Information furnished by the other Party after theEffective Time pursuant to this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement is nolonger needed for the purposes contemplated by this Agreement or any AncillaryAgreement, each Party will promptly, after request of the other Party and at theelection of the Party receiving such request, return to the other Party allsuch Information in a printed or otherwise tangible form (including all copiesthereof and all notes, extracts or summaries based thereon) and destroy allInformation in an electronic or otherwise intangible form and certify to theother Party that it has destroyed such Information (and such copies thereof andsuch notes, extracts or summaries based thereon). Notwithstanding theforegoing, the Parties agree that to the extent some Information to bedestroyed or returned is retained as data or records for the purpose ofbusiness continuity planning or is otherwise not accessible in the OrdinaryCourse of Business, such data or records shall be destroyed in the OrdinaryCourse of Business in accordance, if applicable, with the business continuityplan of the applicable Party.

**11.08   ProtectiveArrangements**

In the event that any Party or any member of itsGroup or any Affiliate of such Party or any of their respective Representativeseither determines on the advice of its counsel that it is required to discloseany Confidential Information (the "**Disclosing Party**") pursuant toApplicable Law or receives any demand under lawful process or from anyGovernmental Authority to disclose or provide Confidential Information of theother Party (or any member of the Group to which such Party belongs), theDisclosing Party shall, to the extent permitted by Applicable Law, promptlynotify the other Party prior to the Disclosing Party disclosing or providingsuch Confidential Information and shall use commercially reasonable efforts tocooperate with the Requesting Party so that the Requesting Party may seek anyreasonable protective arrangements or other appropriate remedy and/or waivecompliance with this Section 11.08. All expenses reasonably incurred bythe Disclosing Party in seeking a protective order or other remedy will beborne by the Requesting Party. Subject to the foregoing, the Disclosing Partymay thereafter disclose or provide such Confidential Information to the extent(but only to the extent) required by such Applicable Law (as so advised bylegal counsel) or by lawful process or by such Governmental Authority and shallpromptly provide the Requesting Party with a copy of the ConfidentialInformation so disclosed, in the same form and format as disclosed, togetherwith a list of all Persons to whom such Confidential Information was disclosed.

 

34

**11.09  Disclosure of ThirdParty Information**

Novelis acknowledges that it and the other membersof Novelis Group may have in its or their possession confidential orproprietary Information of Third Parties that was received underconfidentiality or non-disclosure agreements with such Third Party while partof Alcan Group. Novelis will hold, and will cause the other members of itsGroup and its and their respective Representatives to hold, in strictconfidence the confidential and proprietary Information of Third Parties towhich Novelis or any other member of Novelis Group has access, in accordancewith the terms of any agreements entered into prior to the Effective Timebetween one or more members of Alcan Group (whether acting through, on behalfof, or in connection with, the Separated Businesses) and such Third Parties.

**Article XII -DISPUTE RESOLUTION**

**12.01   **Disputes

The provisions of this Article XIIshall govern all disputes, controversies or claims (whether arising incontract, delict, tort or otherwise) between the Parties that may arise out of,or relate to, or arise under or in connection with, this Agreement or thetransactions contemplated hereby (including all actions taken in furtherance ofthe transactions contemplated hereby on or prior to the date hereof), or thecommercial or economic relationship of the Parties relating hereto or thereto(a "**Dispute**").

1**2.02   **Negotiation

The Parties hereby undertake to attempt in goodfaith to resolve any Dispute by way of negotiation between senior executiveswho have authority to settle such Dispute. In furtherance of the foregoing, anyParty may initiate the negotiation by way of a notice (an "**Escalation Notice**")demanding an in-person meeting involving representatives of the Parties at asenior level of management of the Parties (or if the Parties agree, of theappropriate strategic business unit or division within such Party). A copy ofany Escalation Notice shall be given to the Chief Legal Officer of each Party(which copy shall state that it is an Escalation Notice pursuant to thisAgreement). Any agenda, location or procedures for such negotiation may beestablished by the Parties from time to time; provided, however, that thenegotiation shall be completed within thirty (30) days of the date of theEscalation Notice or within such longer period as the Parties may agree inwriting prior to the expiration of the initial thirty-day period.

 

 

35

**12.03**   Mediation

(a)        If the Dispute has not been resolved bynegotiation as provided in Section 12.02 within thirty (30) days of the dateof the Escalation Notice or such extended period as may be agreed by theParties, or should the Parties fail to meet within the said thirty-day period,the Parties shall endeavour to settle the Dispute by mediation. The Partywishing to refer a Dispute to mediation shall give written notice to the other(the "**Mediation Notice**") describing the Dispute, requiring that theDispute be submitted to mediation and proposing the name of a suitable personto be appointed mediator.

(b)       If the other Party rejects the proposed mediatorand the Parties are unable to agree on a mediator within fifteen (15) days ofthe Mediation Notice, then either Party may request the CPR Institute forDispute Resolution to appoint a mediator from the CPR Panel of DistinguishedNeutrals.

(c)        The mediator shall be entitled to makerecommendations to the Parties which, unless the Parties agree otherwise, shallnot be binding upon them.

(d)       The mediation shall continue until the earliestto occur of the following: (i) the Parties reach agreement as to theresolution of the Dispute, (ii) the mediator makes a finding that there isno possibility of resolution through mediation, or (iii) sixty (60) dayshave elapsed since the appointment of the mediator.

(e)       Each Party shall bear its own costs in connectionwith the mediation; the fees and disbursements of the mediator shall be borneequally by the Parties.

(f)        If the Parties accept any recommendation made bythe mediator or otherwise reach agreement as to the resolution of the Dispute,such agreement shall be recorded in writing and signed by the Parties,whereupon it shall become binding upon the Parties and have, as between them,the authority of a final judgment or arbitral award (*res judicata*).

(g)       The mediation shall be confidential and neitherthe Parties (including their auditors and insurers) nor their counsel and anyPerson necessary to the conduct of the mediation nor the mediator or any otherneutral involved in the mediation shall disclose the existence, content(including submissions made, positions adopted and any evidence or documentspresented or exchanged), or outcome of any mediation hereunder without theprior written consent of the Parties, except as may be required by ApplicableLaw or the applicable rules of a stock exchange.

(h)       In the event that a Dispute is referred toarbitration in accordance with Section 12.04below, the mediator or any other neutral involved in the mediation shall nottake part in the arbitration, whether as a witness or otherwise, and anyrecommendation made by him in connection with the mediation shall not be reliedupon by either Party without the consent of the other Party and of the mediatoror neutral, and neither Party shall make use or rely upon information supplied,positions adopted, or arguments raised, by the other Party in the mediation.

 

36

(i)        Subject to the right of the Parties to seekinterim or conservatory relief from a court of competent jurisdiction, asprovided below in Section 12.04(e), neither Party shall be entitled torefer a Dispute to arbitration unless the dispute has first been the subject ofan Escalation Notice and been referred to mediation in accordance withSections 12.02 and 12.03.

**12.04**    Arbitration

(a)     Any Dispute which has not been resolved bynegotiation or mediation as provided herein shall, upon the request of eitherParty, be referred to and finally resolved by arbitration in accordance withthe Arbitration Rules of the London Court of International Arbitration ("**LCIA**")then in force (the "**LCIA Rules**").

(b)     The arbitral tribunal shall consist of threearbitrators. The place of arbitration shall be Montréal, Canada.  The language of the arbitration shall be English.

(c)     The costs of the arbitration shall be specifiedby the arbitral tribunal and shall be borne by the unsuccessful Party, unlessthe arbitral tribunal, in its discretion, determines a different apportionment,taking all relevant circumstances into account. The costs of arbitrationinclude, in addition to the costs of the arbitration as determined by the LCIACourt under Article 28.1 of the LCIA Rules, the legal and other costs incurredby the Parties, including: (i) the reasonable travel and other expenses ofwitnesses; (ii) the reasonable fees and expenses of expert witnesses; and(iii) the costs of legal representation and assistance, to the extent thatthe arbitral tribunal determines that the amount of such costs is reasonable.

(d)     The arbitral tribunal shall endeavour to issueits award within sixty (60) days of the last hearing of the substantiveissues in dispute between the Parties; however, the arbitral tribunal shall notlose jurisdiction if it fails to respect this delay.  The arbitral award shallbe final and binding.

(e)     For the purposes of any interim or conservatorymeasure that may be sought in aid of the arbitrationproceedings, including for the purpose of enforcing the non-solicitationand non-competition provisions and other covenants of Sections 14.02, 14.03and 14.04, the Parties hereby irrevocably submit to the non-exclusivejurisdiction of the competent court in the judicial district of Montréal,Canada, and waive any right to invoke, and they hereby agree not to invoke, anyclaim of *forum non conveniens*, inconvenient forum, or transfer or changeof venue.  Without prejudice to such interim or conservatory remedies as may beobtained from a competent court, the arbitral tribunal shall have fullauthority to grant interim or conservatory remedies and to award damages forthe failure of any Party to respect the arbitral tribunal's orders to that effect.

 

37

(f)      Neither the Parties (including their auditorsand insurers) nor their counsel and any Person necessary to the conduct of thearbitration nor the arbitrators shall disclose the existence, content(including submissions and any evidence or documents presented or exchanged),or outcome of any arbitration hereunder without the prior written consent ofthe Parties, except as may be required by Applicable Law or the applicablerules of a stock exchange.

**Article XIII -FURTHERASSURANCES**

**13.01  Further Assurances**

(a)      Except as provided in Sections 3.08 and 4.03, each Party covenantswith and in favour of the other Party as follows:

(i)      prior to, on and after the Effective Date, each Party hereto shall, andshall cause the other relevant members of its Group to, cooperate with theother Party, and without any further consideration, but at the expense of therequesting Party, to execute, acknowledge and deliver, or use commerciallyreasonable efforts to cause to be executed and delivered, all instruments,assurances or documents, including instruments of conveyance, assignments andtransfers, and to make all filings with, and to obtain all consents, approvalsor authorizations of, any Governmental Authority or any other Person under anypermit, license, agreement, indenture or other instrument (including anyConsents or Governmental Authorizations), and to take all such other actions assuch Party may reasonably be requested to take by the other Party hereto (orany member of its Group) from time to time, consistent with the terms of thisAgreement and the Ancillary Agreements, in order to give effect to theprovisions, obligations and purposes of this Agreement and the AncillaryAgreements and the transfers of the Separated Businesses and of the SeparatedAssets and the assignment and assumption of the Assumed Liabilities and theother transactions contemplated hereby and thereby;

(ii)      Tothe extent that Alcan or Novelis discovers at any time during the two (2) yearsfollowing the Effective Time any Asset with respect to which there is clear andconvincing evidence that such Asset  was intended to be transferred toNovelis or any other member of Novelis Group pursuant to this Agreement was notso transferred at the Effective Time, Alcan shall, or shall cause the otherrelevant members of its Group to promptly, assign and transfer to Novelis or anyother member of Novelis Group reasonably designated by Novelis such Asset andall right, title and interest therein in a manner and on the terms consistentwith the relevant provisions of this Agreement, including, without limitation,Section 2.08(b). Similarly, to the extent that Alcan or Novelis discovers at anytime during the two (2) years following the Effective Time any Asset withrespect to which there is clear and convincing evidence that such Asset was intended to be retained by Alcan or any other member of Alcan Group was notso retained at the Effective Time, Novelis shall, or shall cause the otherrelevant members of its Group to promptly to, assign and transfer to Alcan orany other member of Alcan Group reasonably designated by Alcan such Asset andall right, title and interest therein in a manner and on the terms consistentwith the relevant provisions of this Agreement, including, without limitation,Section 2.08(b). For the avoidance of doubt, the transfer of any Assets underthis paragraph (a) shall be effected without any additional consideration byeither Party hereunder (such deferred transfers being referred to as "**DeferredTransactions**").

 

 

38

(b)     On or prior to the Effective Date, Alcan and Novelis, in theirrespective capacities as direct and indirect parent companies of the members oftheir respective Groups, shall each approve or ratify any actions of themembers of their respective Groups as may be necessary or desirable to giveeffect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the AncillaryAgreements.

(c)     Prior to the Effective Date, if a Party identifies any commercial orother service that is needed to assure a smooth and orderly transition of thebusinesses in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplatedhereby, and that is not otherwise governed by the provisions of this Agreementor any Ancillary Agreement, the Parties will cooperate in determining whetherthere is a mutually acceptable arm's-length basis on which the other Party canprovide such service.

**Article XIV -CERTAINOTHER MATTERS**

**14.01   Auditors and Audits; Annual and QuarterlyFinancial Statements and Accounting**

Each Party agrees that during the one hundred andtwenty (120) days following the Effective Time and in any event solely withrespect to the preparation and audit of each of Alcan's and Novelis' financialstatements for the year ended December 31, 2004, the printing, filing andpublic dissemination of such financial statements, the audit of Alcan'sinternal control over financial reporting and management's assessment thereofand management's assessment of Alcan's disclosure controls and procedures, ineach case made as of December 31, 2004:

(a)     Date of Auditors' Opinion.   Novelis shall usecommercially reasonable efforts to enable Novelis's Auditors ("**Novelis'sAuditors**") to complete their audit such that they will date their opinionon Novelis's audited annual financial statements on the same date that Alcan'sauditors ("**Alcan's Auditors**") date their opinion on Alcan's auditedannual financial statements, and to enable Alcan to meet its timetable for theprinting, filing and public dissemination of Alcan's annual financialstatements.

 

 

 

39

(b)    Annual Financial Statements.   Novelis shallprovide to Alcan on a timely basis all Information that Alcan reasonablyrequires to meet its schedule for the preparation, printing, filing, and publicdissemination of Alcan's annual financial statements and for management'sassessment of the effectiveness of Alcan's disclosure controls and proceduresand Alcan's internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Items307 and 308, respectively, of Regulation S-K and Alcan's Auditors' audit ofAlcan's internal control over financial reporting and management's assessmentthereof in accordance with Section 404 of the *Sarbanes-Oxley Act* of2002 and the SEC's and Public Company Accounting Oversight Board's rules andauditing standards thereunder (such assessments and audit being referred to asthe "**2004 Internal Control Audit and Management Assessments**"). Without limitingthe generality of the foregoing, Novelis will provide all required financialand other Information with respect to Novelis and its Subsidiaries to Novelis'sAuditors in a sufficient and reasonable time and in sufficient detail to permitNovelis's Auditors to take all steps and perform all reviews necessary toprovide sufficient assistance to Alcan's Auditors with respect to Informationto be included or contained in Alcan's annual financial statements and topermit Alcan's Auditors and Alcan's management to complete the 2004 InternalControl Audit and Management Assessments. Similarly, Alcan shall provide toNovelis on a timely basis all Information that Novelis reasonably requires tomeet its schedule for the preparation, printing, filing, and publicdissemination of Novelis's annual financial statements. Without limiting thegenerality of the foregoing, Alcan will provide all required financialInformation with respect to Alcan and its Subsidiaries to Alcan's Auditors in asufficient and reasonable time and in sufficient detail to permit Alcan'sAuditors to take all steps and perform all reviews necessary to providesufficient assistance to Novelis's Auditors with respect to Information to beincluded or contained in Novelis's annual financial statements.

(c)    Access to Personnel and Books and Records.   Novelisshall authorize Novelis's Auditors to make available to Alcan's Auditors boththe personnel who performed or are performing the annual audits of Novelis andwork papers related to the annual audits of Novelis, in all cases within areasonable time prior to Novelis's Auditors' opinion date, so that Alcan'sAuditors are able to perform the procedures they consider necessary to takeresponsibility for the work of Novelis's Auditors as it relates to Alcan'sAuditors' report on Alcan's financial statements, all within sufficient time toenable Alcan to meet its timetable for the printing, filing and publicdissemination of Alcan's annual financial statements. Similarly, Alcan shallauthorize Alcan's Auditors to make available to Novelis's Auditors both thepersonnel who performed or are performing the annual audits of Alcan and workpapers related to the annual audits of Alcan, in all cases within a reasonabletime prior to Alcan's Auditors' opinion date, so that Novelis's Auditors areable to perform the procedures they consider necessary to take responsibilityfor the work of Alcan's Auditors as it relates to Novelis's Auditors' report onNovelis's financial statements, all within sufficient time to enable Novelis tomeet its timetable for the printing, filing and public dissemination ofNovelis's annual financial statements. Novelis shall make available to Alcan'sAuditors and Alcan's management Novelis' personnel and Novelis books andrecords in a reasonable time prior to Alcan's Auditors' opinion date andAlcan's management's assessment date so that Alcan's Auditors and Alcan'smanagement are able to perform the procedures they consider necessary toconduct the 2004 Internal Control Audit and Management Assessments.

 

 

 

40

(d)     Reports Generally.   Each Novelis Group memberthat files information with the SEC will deliver to Alcan a substantially finaldraft, as soon as the same is prepared, of the first report to be filed withthe SEC that includes Novelis's audited financial statements for the year endedDecember 31, 2004 (the "**Novelis****Annual Report**"); provided,however, that Novelis may continue to revise such Novelis Annual Report priorto the filing thereof in order to make corrections and non-substantive changeswhich corrections and changes will be delivered to Alcan as soon aspracticable; provided, further, that Alcan's and Novelis's personnel willactively consult with each other regarding any changes (whether or notsubstantive) which Novelis may consider making to the Novelis Annual Report andrelated disclosures prior to the anticipated filing with the SEC, withparticular focus on any changes which would have an effect upon Alcan'sfinancial statements or related disclosures.

Nothing in this Section 14.01 shall requireNovelis to violate any agreement with any Third Party regarding theconfidentiality of confidential and proprietary Information relating to thatThird Party or its business; provided, however, that in the event that Novelisis required under this Section 14.01 to disclose any such Information,such Party shall use commercially reasonable efforts to seek to obtain suchThird Party Consent to the disclosure of such Information.

**14.02   ****Non-Solicitation ofEmployees**

Each Party covenants, agrees and undertakes foritself and each other member of the Group to which such Party belongs, that,except with the written approval of the other Party, no Party nor any member ofthe Group to which such Party belongs shall, for a period of two (2) yearsfollowing the Effective Date, (a) directly or indirectly solicit foremployment or recruit the employees of the other Party or the employees of anymember of the Group to which such other Party belongs, or induce or attempt toinduce any employee of the other Party or any employee of any member of theGroup to which such other Party belongs, to terminate or cease his or herrelationship with such other Party or with such member of the Group to whichsuch other Party belongs, or (b) enter into any employment, consulting,independent contractor or similar arrangement with any employee or formeremployee of the other Party or employee or former employee of any member of theGroup to which such other Party belongs, until one (1) year after the effectivedate of the termination of such employee's employment with the other Party orwith any member of the Group to which such other Party belongs, provided thatthe foregoing subclause (b) shall not apply to former employees whoseemployment has been terminated (x) by the employer (with or without cause)or (y) by mutual agreement between the employee and employer. For greatercertainty, nothing herein shall prevent Novelis or any other member of NovelisGroup from employing employees in accordance with the terms of the EmployeeMatters Agreement.

 

41

The prohibition on solicitation and inducement setout in the foregoing subclause (a) shall not apply to actions taken by aParty or by any member of the Group to which such Party belongs (i) as aresult of an employee's affirmative response to a general recruitment effortcarried out through a public solicitation or a general solicitation foremployment including through the use of a recruitment agent provided that thename of a specific employee or group of employees is not given to such agencyor (ii) as a result of an employee's initiative.

Each Party understands and agrees that the otherParty shall suffer irreparable and substantial harm in the event that suchParty breaches any of its obligations under this Section 14.02 and thatmonetary damages shall be inadequate to compensate for the breach. Accordingly, each Party agrees that, in the event of a breach or threatenedbreach by such Party of any of the provisions of this Section 14.02, theother Party, in addition to and not in limitation of any other rights, remediesor damages available to the other Party under Applicable Law or in equity,shall be entitled to equitable remedies, including provisional, interlocutoryand permanent injunctive relief in order to prevent or to restrain any suchbreach by such Party or by any or all of such Party's Group members, employees,agents, representatives and any and all Persons directly or indirectly actingfor, on behalf of or with such Party.

**14.03   Non-Competition**

(a)     Novelis covenants, agrees and undertakes, for itself and each othermember of Novelis Group (whether now a member of Novelis Group or hereafterbecoming a member of Novelis Group), and it shall cause any such member, not toengage, directly or indirectly, in any manner whatsoever, in any of thefollowing businesses or activities, either alone or in concert or in conjunctionwith any other Person, in any capacity whatsoever, including as a shareholder,partner, provider of funds, advisor of, employer, principal, mandator, agent,mandatary, joint venturer, consultant, supplier or through any form of BusinessConcern in which it has an economic interest, during the Standstill Period andthe Restricted Period:

(i)        the Aerospace Products Business; and

(ii)       the Plate Business.

(b)     In the event that Novelis refuses, neglects or fails to comply with anyof its obligations pursuant to Section 14.03(a) and such default is notremedied within forty-five (45) days following the receipt of a notice signedby Alcan indicating the default complained of (a "**Non Compete Breach**"),then Alcan may, at its option and without prejudice to any other recourse whichmay be available to Alcan under Applicable Law or in equity by reason of theoccurrence of a Non Compete Breach, terminate any or all of the following, uponnotice to Novelis, and the termination shall take effect immediately upon Alcanproviding such notice to Novelis:

(i)       any or all of the Metal Supply Agreements;

42

(ii)      any or all of the intellectual property licenses granted or to begranted to Novelis or any other member of Novelis Group or any Affiliates ofNovelis in the Intellectual Property Agreements;

(iii)     the Transitional Services Agreement with respect to any one or morespecific Services (and the corresponding Transition Service Schedules) providedby Alcan or any other member of Alcan Group or all of the Services provided byAlcan or any other member of Alcan Group under the Transitional ServicesAgreement; and

(iv)     any or all of the Technical Services Agreements.

(c)     Novelis understands and agrees that Alcan shall suffer irreparable andsubstantial harm in the event that Novelis breaches any of its obligationsunder this Section 14.03 and that monetary damages shall be inadequate tocompensate for the breach. Accordingly, Novelis agrees that, in the event of abreach or threatened breach by Novelis of any of the provisions of thisSection 14.03, Alcan, in addition to and not in limitation of any otherrights, remedies or damages available to Alcan under Applicable Law or inequity, shall be entitled to equitable remedies, including provisional,interlocutory and permanent injunctive relief in order to prevent or torestrain any such breach by Novelis, or by any or all of Novelis' Groupmembers, partners, co-venturers, employees, agents, representatives and any andall Persons directly or indirectly acting for, on behalf of or with Novelis.

(d)    Novelis has carefully considered the nature and extent of therestrictive covenants set forth in this Section 14.03 and agrees that thesame are reasonable, including with respect to duration and scope of activity,in light of the circumstances as they exist on the date upon which thisAgreement is executed, including, but not limited to, Alcan's and Novelis'smaterial economic interest in the transactions contemplated in this Agreement,and that the restrictive covenants set forth in this Section 14.03 arenecessary to protect Alcan's legitimate interests. Novelis acknowledges(i) that Alcan would not have proceeded with the Arrangement had Novelisnot agreed to the restrictive covenants set forth in this Section 14.03,and (ii) that Alcan would be irreparably damaged if Novelis were to breachthe restrictive covenants set forth in this Section 14.03.

(e)     In the event that a court of competent jurisdiction should conclude thatany of the covenants in Section 14.03(a) are too long in duration or toobroad in scope, the Parties hereto agree that said court may reduce itsduration and/or scope to the maximum duration and/or scope it deems reasonableto protect the interests of Alcan instead of invalidating such covenant and asof such ruling the said covenant shall be deemed to be modified accordingly.

43

(f)      Without limiting the foregoing, the Parties agree that each of theprovisions in this Section 14.03 shall be deemed to be separate anddistinct and if, for any reason whatsoever, any of the provisions in thisSection 14.03 are held null or unenforceable by the final determination ofa court of competent jurisdiction and all appeals therefrom shall have failedor the time for such appeals shall have expired, such provision shall be deemeddeleted from this Agreement without affecting the validity or enforceability ofsuch provision in any other jurisdiction or any other provision hereof whichshall remain in full force and effect.

**14.04   Changeof Control with respect to Novelis**

(a)      For the purposes of this Section 14.04, the following terms shallhave the following meanings:

(i)     "**Change of Control Event**" means the acquisition by any Person orgroup of Persons acting jointly or in concert, other than an Affiliate of suchPerson (collectively or individually, the "**Third Party Acquirer**"), byway of acquisition, exchange, lease, merger, amalgamation, consolidation orotherwise, directly or indirectly, of any of the Designated Assets or of(A) with respect to a corporation, a direct or indirect interest in morethan 30% of the voting securities (whether outstanding or from treasury and includingsecurities convertible into voting securities) or of direct or indirect rightsto acquire more than 30% of any such voting securities of, (B) withrespect to a trust, a partnership or any Person other than a partnership, thepower to administer and direct the business, management or policies of suchtrust, partnership or Person, directly or indirectly, in any manner (includingthrough one or more trusts or one or more corporations, partnerships or otherPersons Controlled by such Person) or that a Person is entitled, directly orindirectly, to over 30% of the profits or a share of over 30% of the losses of,or (C) all or substantially all the assets of:

a.       Novelis,

b.       any other member of Novelis Group,

c.       any Business Concern which then owns, directly or indirectly, theSeparated Businesses or a material portion of the Separated Businesses (the "**TargetedEntity**"), 

d.      any successor (by way of merger, amalgamation, consolidation orotherwise) to Novelis, any other member of Novelis Group, or the TargetedEntity, or

e.       any successor (by way of merger, amalgamation, consolidation orotherwise) to any Person in Control of Novelis, any other member of NovelisGroup, or the Targeted Entity.

44

(ii)    "**Control**" means (i) with respect to a corporation at a givendate, that a Person beneficially owns (within the meaning of the CBCA),directly or indirectly, in any manner (including through one or more trusts orone or more corporations, partnerships or other Persons Controlled by suchPerson) other than as a creditor, at least a majority of the securities havingby the terms thereof ordinary voting power to elect at least a majority of theboard of directors with respect to such corporation, and (ii) with respectto a trust, a partnership or any Person other than a partnership, that a Personis empowered to administer and direct the business, management or policies ofsuch trust, partnership or Person, directly or indirectly, in any manner(including through one or more trusts or one or more corporations, partnershipsor other Persons Controlled by such Person) or that a Person is entitled,directly or indirectly, to over thirty percent (30%) of the profits or a shareof over thirty (30%) of the losses of such trust, partnership or Person.

(b)     Novelis covenants, agrees and undertakes, for itself and each othermember of Novelis Group, and it shall cause any such member, not to create,incur nor undergo a Change of Control Event during the Standstill Period.

(c)     Novelis covenants, agrees and undertakes, for itself and each othermember of Novelis Group and for their respective successors by way ofacquisition, merger, amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise, that, if aChange of Control Event occurs during the Restricted Period, it shall provideto Alcan, no later than thirty (30) days following the occurrence of the Changeof Control Event, (x) a written undertaking of the Third Party Acquirer(including, for greater certainty, the Third Party Acquirer's successors by wayof acquisition, merger, amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise) that the ThirdParty Acquirer shall be bound by the restrictive covenants set forth inSection 14.03 during the Restricted Period or the remainder thereof, tothe same extent as if the Third Party Acquirer (including, for greatercertainty, the Third Party Acquirer's successors by way of acquisition, merger,amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise) had been a signatory thereto, and(y) the written undertaking of the Third Party Acquirer (1) to causeeach of its Affiliates (including Novelis and Novelis's Affiliates) to deliverto Alcan a similar covenant to be bound by the restrictive covenants set forthin Section 14.03 during the Restricted Period or the remainder thereof and(2) to cause each of the Persons who thereafter at any time during theremainder of the Restricted Period becomes an Affiliate of the Third PartyAcquirer, to deliver to Alcan within a 30-day period, undertakings similar tothe ones set forth in subclauses (x) and (y) as if such Person were theThird Party Acquirer, the whole for the purpose of protecting the rights andinterests of Alcan pursuant to this Agreement. The undertaking required by thisSection 14.04(c) shall be substantially in the form attached hereto as **Exhibit R**(the "**Non Compete Undertaking**").

 

 

45

(d)     Novelis covenants, agrees and undertakes, that, in the event of theacquisition by any Person or group of Persons acting jointly or in concert,other than an Affiliate of such Person, by way of acquisition, merger,amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise, of Control of any Third PartyAcquirer or of all or substantially all of the assets that were acquired in theChange of Control Event or any of the Designated Assets (the "**Novelis COCAssets**") during the Restricted Period, it shall cause any such Person orgroup of Persons to provide to Alcan, no later than thirty (30) days followingthe acquisition of Control of any such Third Party Acquirer or of substantiallyall of the Novelis COC Assets (which, for purposes of clarity, includes any ofthe Designated Assets) by any such Person or Persons, (x) a writtenundertaking of such Person or Persons that they (and their respectivesuccessors, by way of acquisition, merger, amalgamation, consolidation orotherwise) (collectively or individually, "**Third Party Acquirer Controller**")shall be bound by the restrictive covenants set forth in Section 14.03during the Restricted Period or the remainder thereof, to the same extent as ifthey had been signatories thereto, and (y) the written undertaking of theThird Party Acquirer Controller (1) to cause each of its Affiliates todeliver to Alcan a similar covenant to be bound by the restrictive covenantsset forth in Section 14.03 during the Restricted Period or the remainderthereof and (2) to cause each of the Persons who thereafter at any timeduring the remainder of the Restricted Period becomes an Affiliate of the ThirdParty Acquirer Controller, to deliver to Alcan within a 30-day period,undertakings similar to the ones set forth in subclauses (x) and (y) as ifany such Person were the Third Party Acquirer Controller, the whole for thepurpose of protecting the rights and interest of Alcan pursuant to thisAgreement. The undertaking required by this Section 14.04(d) shall besubstantially in the form attached hereto as **Exhibit R**.

(e)     If a Change of Control Event occurs at any time during the StandstillPeriod or the Restricted Period and (i) the Third Party Acquirer (or theThird Party Acquirer's successors, as applicable, by way of acquisition,merger, amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise) or any of its Affiliates(whether now an Affiliate or hereafter becoming an Affiliate) fails or refuses,for whatever reason or cause, to execute and deliver to Alcan the Non CompeteUndertaking within the 30-day period provided for in Section 14.04(c), or(ii) the Third Party Acquirer (or the Third Party Acquirer's successors,as applicable, by way of acquisition, merger, amalgamation, consolidation orotherwise) executes and delivers to Alcan the Non Compete Undertaking withinthe said 30-day period but, at any time during the remainder of the RestrictedPeriod, the Third Party Acquirer (or the Third Party Acquirer's successors, asapplicable, by way of acquisition, merger, amalgamation, consolidation orotherwise) or any of its Affiliates (whether now an Affiliate or hereafterbecoming an Affiliate) (including Novelis and Novelis's Affiliates, whether nowan Affiliate or hereafter becoming an Affiliate) refuses, neglects or fails tocomply with any of its obligations pursuant to the Non Compete Undertaking, or(iii) the Third Party Acquirer Controller, if any (or its successors, asapplicable, by way of acquisition, merger, amalgamation, consolidation orotherwise) or any of its Affiliates (whether now an Affiliate or hereafterbecoming an Affiliate) fails or refuses, for whatever reason or cause, toexecute and deliver to Alcan the Non Compete Undertaking within the 30-dayperiod provided for in Section 14.04(d), or the Third Party Acquirer Controller(or its successors, as applicable, by way of acquisition, merger, amalgamation,consolidation or otherwise) executes and delivers to Alcan the Non CompeteUndertaking within the said 30-day period but, at any time during the remainderof the Restricted Period, the Third Party Acquirer Controller (or the ThirdParty Acquirer Controller's successors, as applicable, by way of acquisition,merger, amalgamation, consolidation or otherwise) or any of its Affiliates(whether now an Affiliate or hereafter becoming an Affiliate) refuses, neglectsor fails to comply with any of its obligations pursuant to the Non CompeteUndertaking (each, a "**Change of Control Non Compete Breach**"), then Alcanmay, at its option and without prejudice to any other recourse which may beavailable to Alcan under Applicable Law or in equity by reason of theoccurrence of the foregoing, terminate any or all of the following, upon noticeto Novelis, and the termination shall take effect immediately upon Alcanproviding such notice to Novelis:

 

 

46

(i)       any or all of the Metal Supply Agreements;

(ii)      any or all of the intellectual property licenses granted or to begranted to Novelis or any other member of Novelis Group in the IntellectualProperty Agreements;

(iii)     the Transitional Services Agreement with respect to any one or morespecific Services (and the corresponding Transition Service Schedules) providedby Alcan or any other member of Alcan Group or all of the Services provided byAlcan or any other member of Alcan Group under the Transitional ServicesAgreement; and

(iv)     any or all of the Technical Services Agreements.

(f)      Novelis understands and agrees that Alcan shall suffer irreparable andsubstantial harm in the event that Novelis breaches any of its obligationsunder this Section 14.04 and that monetary damages shall be inadequate tocompensate for the breach. Accordingly, Novelis agrees that, in the event of abreach or threatened breach by Novelis of any of the provisions of thisSection 14.04, Alcan, in addition to and not in limitation of any otherrights, remedies or damages available to Alcan under Applicable Law or inequity, shall be entitled to equitable remedies, including provisional,interlocutory and permanent injunctive relief in order to prevent or torestrain any such breach by Novelis, or by any or all of Novelis' Groupmembers, Affiliates, partners, co-venturers, employees, agents, representativesand any and all Persons directly or indirectly acting for, on behalf of or withNovelis.

(g)    Novelis consents and agrees that any dispute, controversy or claim thatmay arise out of, or relate to, or arise under or in connection with thisSection 14.04 or the Non Compete Undertaking, and involving a Third PartyAcquirer, a Third Party Acquirer Controller (including, for greater certainty,the Third Party Acquirer' and the Third Party Acquirer Controller' respectivesuccessors by way of acquisition, merger, amalgamation, consolidation orotherwise), or an Affiliate (whether now an Affiliate or hereafter becoming anAffiliate) of the Third Party Acquirer or of the Third Party AcquirerController, shall be referred to and finally settled in a single, multi-partyarbitration by three (3) arbitrators, as provided in and in accordance with theprovision of, the Non Compete Undertaking.

 

47

(h)     Novelis has carefully considered the nature and extent of the provisionsset forth in this Section 14.04 and agrees that the same are reasonable inlight of the circumstances as they exist on the date upon which this Agreementis executed, including, but not limited to, Alcan's and Novelis's materialeconomic interest in the transactions contemplated in this Agreement, and thatthe provisions set forth in this Section 14.04 are necessary to protectAlcan's legitimate interests. Novelis acknowledges (i) that Alcan wouldnot have proceeded with the Arrangement had Novelis not agreed to the provisionsset forth in this Section 14.04, and (ii) that Alcan would beirreparably damaged if Novelis were to breach the provisions set forth in thisSection 14.04.

(i)      Each of the provisions in this Section 14.04 shall be deemed to beseparate and distinct and if, for any reason whatsoever, any of the provisionsin this Section 14.04 are held null or unenforceable by the finaldetermination of a court of competent jurisdiction and all appeals therefromshall have failed or the time for such appeals shall have expired, suchprovision shall be deemed deleted from this Agreement without affecting thevalidity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction or anyother provision hereof which shall remain in full force and effect.

**Article XV -TERMINATION**

**15.01   Termination**

This Agreement and all Ancillary Agreements may beterminated and the Arrangement may be amended, supplemented, modified orabandoned at any time prior to the Effective Date by and in the sole andabsolute discretion of Alcan without the approval of Novelis or of the Alcanshareholders. In the event of such termination, no Party shall have anyliability of any kind to the other Party or any other Person. After theEffective Date, this Agreement may not be terminated except by an agreement inwriting signed by the Parties.

**Article XVI-MISCELLANEOUS**

**16.01   Limitation of Liability**

In no event shall any member of Alcan Group orNovelis Group be liable to any member of the other Group for any special,consequential, indirect, collateral, incidental or punitive damages or lostprofits or failure to realize expected savings or other commercial or economicloss of any kind, however caused and on any theory of liability, (includingnegligence) arising in any way out of this Agreement, whether or not suchPerson has been advised of the possibility of any such damages; provided,however, that the foregoing limitations shall not limit either Party'sindemnification obligations for Liabilities with respect to Third-Party Claimsas set forth in Article IX or either Party's Liabilities for the breach orfailure to perform or comply with the covenants set forth in Sections 14.02,14.03 and 14.04.

 

48

**16.02   Counterparts**

This Agreement and each Ancillary Agreement may beexecuted in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one andthe same agreement, and shall become effective when one or more counterpartshave been signed by each of the parties thereto and delivered to the otherparty or parties.

**16.03   Entire Agreement**

This Agreement, the Ancillary Agreements, and theSchedules and Exhibits hereto and thereto and the specific agreementscontemplated herein or thereby contain the entire agreement between the Partieswith respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all previousagreements, oral or written, negotiations, discussions, writings,understandings, commitments and conversations with respect to such subjectmatter. No agreements or understandings exist between the Parties other than thoseset forth or referred to herein or therein.

**16.04   Construction**

In this Agreement andeach of the Ancillary Agreements, unless a clear contrary intention appears:

(a)     the singular number includes the plural number and *vice versa*;

(b)     reference to any Person includes such Person's successors and assignsbut, if applicable, only if such successors and assigns are not prohibited bythis Agreement or the relevant Ancillary Agreement, and reference to a Personin a particular capacity excludes such Person in any other capacity orindividually;

(c)      reference to any gender includes each other gender;

(d)     reference to any agreement, document or instrument means such agreement,document or instrument as amended, modified, supplemented or restated, and ineffect from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof subject tocompliance with the requirements set forth herein or in the relevant AncillaryAgreement;

(e)     reference to any Applicable Law means such Applicable Law as amended,modified, codified, replaced or reenacted, in whole or in part, and in effectfrom time to time, including rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, andreference to any section or other provision of any Applicable Law means thatprovision of such Applicable Law from time to time in effect and constitutingthe substantive amendment, modification, codification, replacement orreenactment of such section or other provision;

49

(f)      "herein", "hereby", "hereunder", "hereof", "hereto" and words of similarimport shall be deemed references to this Agreement or to the relevantAncillary Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section orother provision hereof or thereof;

(g)       "including" (and with correlative meaning "include") means includingwithout limiting the generality of any description preceding such term;

(h)       the Table of Contents and headings are for convenience of reference onlyand shall not affect the construction or interpretation hereof or thereof;

(i)        with respect to the determination of any period of time, "from" means"from and including" and "to" means "to but excluding"; and

(j)        references to documents, instruments or agreements shall be deemed torefer as well to all addenda, exhibits, schedules or amendments thereto.

**16.05  Signatures**

Each Party acknowledges that it and the other Party(and the other members of their respective Groups) may execute certain of theAncillary Agreements by facsimile, stamp or mechanical signature. Each Partyexpressly adopts and confirms each such facsimile, stamp or mechanicalsignature made in its respective name (or that of the applicable member of itsGroup) as if it were a manual signature, agrees that it will not assert thatany such signature is not adequate to bind such Party to the same extent as ifit were signed manually and agrees that at the reasonable request of the otherParty at any time it will as promptly as reasonably practicable cause each suchAncillary Agreement to be manually executed (any such execution to be as of thedate of the initial date thereof).

**16.06   Assignability**

Except as set forth in any Ancillary Agreement, thisAgreement and each Ancillary Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to thebenefit of the Parties hereto and thereto, respectively, and their respectivesuccessors and assigns; provided, however, that except as specifically providedin any Ancillary Agreement, no Party hereto or thereto may assign itsrespective rights or delegate its respective obligations under this Agreementor any Ancillary Agreement without the express prior written consent of theother parties hereto or thereto.

**16.07    Third PartyBeneficiaries**

Except for the indemnification rights under thisAgreement of any Alcan Indemnified Party or any Novelis Indemnified Party intheir respective capacities as such and for the release under Section 9.01of any Person provided therein and except as specifically provided in anyAncillary Agreement, (a) the provisions of this Agreement and eachAncillary Agreement are solely for the benefit of the parties hereto andthereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns and are notintended to confer upon any Person, except the parties hereto and thereto andtheir respective successors and permitted assigns, any rights or remedieshereunder and (b) there are no third-party beneficiaries of this Agreementor any Ancillary Agreement; and neither this Agreement nor any AncillaryAgreement shall provide any Third Party with any remedy, claim, liability,reimbursement, claim of action or other right in excess of those existingwithout reference to this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement.

 

50

**16.08   Payment Terms**

(a)     Any amount to be paid or reimbursed by one Party to the other under thisAgreement shall be paid or reimbursed hereunder within thirty (30) days afterpresentation of an invoice or a written demand therefor and setting forth, oraccompanied by, reasonable documentation or other reasonable explanationsupporting such amount.

(b)     Except as expressly provided to the contrary in this Agreement or in anyAncillary Agreement, any amount not paid when due pursuant to this Agreement(and any amount billed or otherwise invoiced or demanded and properly payablethat is not paid within thirty (30) days of such bill, invoice or other demand)shall bear interest at a rate per annum equal to the Prime Rate plus 2%, calculatedfor the actual number of days elapsed, accrued from and excluding the date onwhich such payment was due up to and including the date of the actual receiptof payment.

For the purpose of the *Interest Act* (Canada)and disclosure thereunder, whenever interest to be paid hereunder is to becalculated on the basis of a year of 360 days or any other period of time thatis less than a calendar year, the yearly rate of interest to which the ratedetermined pursuant to such calculation is equivalent is the rate so determinedmultiplied by the actual number of days in the calendar year in which the sameis to be ascertained and divided by either 360 or such other period of time, asthe case may be.

**16.09   Governing Law**

This Agreement and, unless expressly provided therein,each Ancillary Agreement, shall be governed by and construed and interpreted inaccordance with the laws of the Province of Quebec and the laws of Canadaapplicable therein, irrespective of conflict of laws principles under Quebeclaw, as to all matters, including matters of validity, construction, effect,enforceability, performance and remedies.

**16.10   Notices**

All notices or other communications under thisAgreement and, unless expressly provided therein, each Ancillary Agreement,shall be in writing and shall be deemed to be duly given when  delivered inperson or successfully transmitted by facsimile, addressed as follows:

 

 

51

**If to Alcan, to:**

Alcan Inc.  1188 Sherbrooke Street West  Montréal, Quebec  H3A 3G2Fax: 514-848-8115

Attention:          ChiefLegal Officer

**If to Novelis, to:**

Novelis Inc.  Suite 3800 Royal Bank Plaza, South Tower  P.O. Box 84200 Bay Street  Toronto, Ontario  M5J 2Z4Fax: 416-216-3930

Attention:  Chief Executive Officer

Any Party may, by notice to the other Party as setforth herein, change the address or fax number  to which such notices are to begiven.

**16.11   Severability**

If any provision of this Agreement or any AncillaryAgreement or the application thereof to any Person or circumstance isdetermined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, void orunenforceable, the remaining provisions hereof or thereof, or the applicationof such provision to Persons or circumstances or in jurisdictions other thanthose as to which it has been held invalid or unenforceable, shall remain infull force and effect and shall in no way be affected, impaired or invalidatedthereby, so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactionscontemplated hereby or thereby, as the case may be, is not affected in anymanner adverse to any party hereto or thereto. Upon such determination, theParties shall negotiate in good faith in an effort to agree upon such asuitable and equitable provision to effect the original intent of the Parties.

**16.12   Publicity**

Prior to the Effective Date, Alcan shall beresponsible for issuing any press releases or otherwise making publicstatements with respect to the Reorganization, the Arrangement or any of theother transactions contemplated hereby and Novelis shall not make suchstatements without the prior written consent of Alcan. Prior to the EffectiveDate, Alcan and Novelis shall each consult with the other prior to making anyfilings with any Governmental Authority with respect thereto.

 

 

52

**16.13   Survival of Covenants**

Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement orany Ancillary Agreement, the covenants, representations and warrantiescontained in this Agreement and each Ancillary Agreement, and liability for thebreach of any representations, warranties or obligations contained herein ortherein, shall survive the Reorganization and the Arrangement and shall remainin full force and effect.

**16.14   Waivers of Default**

Waiver by any Party of any default by the otherParty of any provision of this Agreement or any Ancillary Agreement shall notbe deemed a waiver by the waiving Party of any subsequent or other default, norshall it prejudice the rights of the other Party.  No failure or delay by anyParty in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as awaiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any otheror further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power orprivilege.

**16.15   Amendments**

No provisions of this Agreement or any AncillaryAgreement shall be deemed waived, amended, supplemented or modified by anyParty, unless such waiver, amendment, supplement or modification is in writingand signed by the authorized representative of the Party against whom it issought to enforce such waiver, amendment, supplement or modification.

**16.16   Controlling Documents**

To the extent that the provisions of the AluminaSupply Agreement, Employee Matters Agreement, FoilStock Supply Agreement, FoilSupply Agreements, Foil Supply and Distribution Agreement, IntellectualProperty Agreements, Metal Supply Agreements, Neuhausen Agreements, OhleAgreement, Sierre Agreements, Tax Sharing and Disaffiliation Agreement,Technical Services Agreements or Transitional Services Agreement conflict withthe provisions of this Agreement, the provisions of such other agreement shallgovern.

**16.17   Language**

The Parties confirm that it is their wish that thisAgreement as well as all other documents, including communications relatinghereto, have been and shall be drawn up in the English language only.*Les parties aux présentes confirment leur volonté que cetteconvention de même que tous les documents, y compris tout avis, s'y rattachant,soient rédigés en anglais seulement.*

 

**[The remainder of this page is intentionally blank.]**

53

 

**INWITNESS WHEREOF**, the Parties have caused this Separation Agreement to beexecuted by their duly authorized representatives.

**ALCAN INC.**

By:      /s/ David McAusland                                                        

            Name: David McAusland            Title:    Senior Vice President, Mergers and Acquisition                       and Chief Legal Officer of Alcan Inc.

**NOVELISINC.**

By:      /s/ Brian Sturgell                                                                

            Name: Brian Sturgell            Title:    Chief Executive Officer of Novelis
 
 

 

 

 

**LIST OF SCHEDULES**

Schedule 1.01 -      
Definitions
Schedule 1.01 - "PA"

Plan of Arrangement

Schedule 1.01 - "SB"
Separated Businesses
Schedule 1.01 -"NBS"
Novelis Balance Sheet
Schedule 1.01 - "SE"  
Separated Entities
Schedule 2.04(a)  
Separated Assets
Schedule 2.06(a)    
Excluded Assets
Schedule 2.07(a)   
Assumed Liabilities
Schedule 2.07(b)   
Liabilities of Separated Entities
Schedule 2.07(c)   
Retained Liabilities
Schedule 2.07(g)           
Reorganization Documents
Schedule 3.01          
Reorganization Transactions
Schedule 3.05(b)    
Agreements Not Terminated
Schedule 3.06(q)     
Ancillary Agreements
Schedule 3.10        
IntercompanyAccounts
Schedule 4.02      
Actions to be taken prior to Effective Time
Schedule 9.08(a) 
Litigation Transferred to Novelis
Schedule 9.08(b)   
Litigation to be Defended by Alcan at Novelis'sExpense
 

 

**SCHEDULE 1.01 - DEFINITIONS**

"**2004 Internal Control Audit and ManagementAssessments**" has the meaning set forth in Section 14.01(b).

"**Accounts Receivable**" means in respect of anyPerson, (a) all trade accounts and notes receivable and other rights topayment from customers and all security for such accounts or rights to payment,including all trade accounts receivable representing amounts receivable inrespect of goods shipped or products sold or otherwise disposed of or servicesrendered to customers, (b) all other accounts and notes receivable and allsecurity for such accounts or notes, and (c) any claim, remedy or otherright relating to any of the foregoing.

"**Action**" means any demand, action, suit,countersuit, arbitration, inquiry, proceeding or investigation by any Person orany Governmental Authority or before any Governmental Authority or anyarbitration or mediation tribunal.

"**Aerospace Industry**" means the production ofaircraft, spacecraft and satellites and similar craft for manned or unmannedflight.

"**Aerospace Products**" means any productdestined or intended for use in, or principally related to, the AerospaceIndustry.

"**Aerospace Products Business**" means anybusiness engaged, in whole or in part, in the manufacturing, production,marketing or sale of one or more Aerospace Products.

"**Affiliate**" of any Person means any otherPerson that, directly or indirectly, controls, is controlled by, or is undercommon control with such first Person as of the date on which or at any timeduring the period for when such determination is being made.  For purposes ofthis definition, "**control**" means the possession, directly or indirectly,of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies ofsuch Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities or otherinterests, by contract or otherwise, and the terms "**controlling**" and "**controlled**"have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

"**Agreement**" means this Separation Agreement,including all of the Schedules and Exhibits hereto.

"**Alcan**" means Alcan Inc., a corporationorganized under the CBCA.

"**Alcan Board**" means the board of directors ofAlcan.

"**Alcan Businesses**" means the****SeparatedBusinesses and the Remaining Alcan Businesses.

"**Alcan Claims**" has the meaning set forth inSection 9.01(b).

 

 

"**Alcan Class A Common Shares**" or "**NewAlcan Common Shares**" means the class A common shares of Alcan whichAlcan will be authorized to issue upon the Arrangement becoming effective andwhich are to be issued under the Arrangement to Alcan Common Shareholders inexchange, in part, for Alcan Common Shares, and to be redesignated as Alcancommon shares once the current Alcan Common Shares have been deleted from theshare capital of Alcan;

"**Alcan Common Shareholders**" means the holdersof Alcan Common Shares.

"**Alcan Common Shares**" means the voting commonshares of Alcan.

"**Alcan Group**" means Alcan and itsSubsidiaries, whether held directly or indirectly; for greater certainty,(i) prior to the Effective Time, "Alcan Group" includes Arcustarget Group,(ii) on and after the Effective Time, "Alcan Group" excludes ArcustargetGroup, and (iii) in all circumstances "Alcan Group" excludes Novelis.

"**Alcan Indemnified Parties**" has the meaningset forth in Section 9.02.

"**Alcan Meeting**" means the special meeting ofAlcan Shareholders held on December 22, 2004 to consider the Plan of****Arrangement,and any adjournment or postponement thereof.

"**Alcan Parties**"**has the meaning setforth in Section 9.01(a).

"**Alcan Preference Shareholders**" means theholders of Alcan Preference Shares.

"**Alcan Preference Shares**" means the AlcanSeries C Preference Shares and the Alcan Series E Preference Sharesof Alcan.

"**Alcan Proxy Circular**" means the managementproxy circular of Alcan dated November 23, 2004 sent to AlcanShareholders in connection with the Alcan Meeting.

"**Alcan Releasors**" has the meaning set forthin Section 9.01(b).

"**Alcan's Auditors**" has the meaning set forthin Section 14.01(a).

"**Alcan Shareholders**" means, collectively, theAlcan Common Shareholders and the Alcan Preference Shareholders.

"**Alcan Special Shares**" means the non-voting,redeemable, retractable, special shares of Alcan which Alcan will be authorizedto issue upon the Arrangement becoming effective and which are to be issuedpursuant to the Arrangement to Alcan Common Shareholders in exchange, in part,for Alcan Common Shares.

"**Alumina Supply Agreement**" means,individually or collectively, the Alumina Supply Agreements substantially inthe forms attached as **Exhibit A**.
 
"**Ancillary****Agreements**" has the meaningset forth in Section 3.06.

"**Applicable Law**" means any applicable law,statute, rule or regulation of any Governmental Authority or any outstandingorder, judgment, injunction, ruling or decree by any Governmental Authority.

"**Appurtenances**" means, in respect of anyLand, all privileges, rights, easements, servitudes, hereditaments andappurtenances and similar interests belonging to or for the benefit of suchLand, including all easements and servitudes appurtenant to and for the benefitof any Land (a "Dominant Parcel") for, and as the primary means of, accessbetween, the Dominant Parcel and a public way, or for any other use upon whichlawful use of the Dominant Parcel for the purposes for which it is presentlybeing used is dependent, and all rights existing in and to any streets, alleys,passages and other rights-of-way included therein or adjacent thereto.

"**Arcustarget**" means Arcustarget Inc., awholly-owned subsidiary of Alcan incorporated under the CBCA and designated byAlcan to own the Separated Businesses on the Effective Date prior to itsamalgamation to Novelis pursuant to the Plan of Arrangement*.*

"**Arcustarget Common Shares**" means the votingcommon shares of Arcustarget to be transferred by Alcan to Novelis in exchangefor Novelis Special Shares pursuant to the Plan of Arrangement. 

"**Arcustarget Group**" means Arcustarget and itsSubsidiaries, whether held directly or indirectly.

"**Arrangement**" means the proposed arrangementunder the provisions of section 192 of the CBCA on, and subject to, the termsand conditions set forth in the Plan of Arrangement.

"**Arrangement Resolution**" means the plan ofarrangement resolution, the text of which is set out as a schedule to the AlcanProxy Circular.

"**Asset-Related Claims**" means, in respect ofany Asset, all claims of the owner against Third Parties relating to suchAsset, whether choate or inchoate, known or unknown, absolute or contingent,disclosed or non-disclosed.

"**Assets**" means assets, properties and rights(including goodwill), wherever located (including in the possession of ownersor Third Parties or elsewhere), whether real, personal or mixed, tangible orintangible, movable or immovable, in each case whether or not recorded orreflected or required to be recorded or reflected on the books and records orfinancial statements of a Person, including the following:

(a)                Real Property;(b)                Tangible Personal Property;(c)                Inventories;(d)               Accounts Receivable;(e)                Contractual Assets;

 

 

 

(f)                Governmental Authorizations;(g)                 Business Records;(h)                 Intangible Property Rights;(i)                 Insurance Benefits;(j)                  Asset-Related Claims; and(k)                 Deposit Rights.

"**Assumed****Liabilities**" has the meaningset forth in Section 2.07.

"**Business****Concern**" means anycorporation, company, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture,trust, unincorporated association or any other form of association.

"**Business Day**" means any day excluding(i) Saturday, Sunday and any other day which, in the City of Montréal(Canada) or in the City of New York (United States) is a legal holiday or(ii) a day on which banks are authorized by Applicable Law to close in theCity of Montréal (Canada) or in the City of New York (United States).

"**Business****Records**"**means, inrespect of any Person, all data and Records relating to such Person, including clientand customer lists and Records, referral sources, research and developmentreports and Records, cost information, sales and pricing data, customerprospect lists, customer and vendor data, production reports and Records,service and warranty Records, equipment logs, operating guides and manuals,financial and accounting Records, personnel Records (subject to ApplicableLaw), creative materials, advertising materials, promotional materials,studies, reports, correspondence and other similar documents and records.

"**By-laws**" means the By-laws of Novelis,substantially in the form attached hereto as **Exhibit B**.

"**CBCA**" means the *Canada BusinessCorporations Act.*

"**Certificate of Incorporation**" means theCertificate of Incorporation of Novelis in the form attached hereto as **Exhibit C**.

"**Change of Control Event**" has the meaning setforth in Section 14.04(a).

"**Change of Control Non Compete Breach**" hasthe meaning set forth in Section 14.04(e).

"**Claim Notice**" has the meaning set forth inSection 9.04(b).

"**Confidential Information**" has the meaning setforth in Section 11.07(a)

"**Consent**" means any approval, consent,ratification, waiver or other authorization.

 

 

"**Contract**" means any contract, agreement,lease, purchase and/or commitment, license, consensual obligation, promise orundertaking (whether written or oral and whether express or implied) that islegally binding on any Person or any part of its property under Applicable Law,including all claims or rights against any Person, choses in action and similarrights, whether accrued or contingent with respect to any such contract,agreement, lease, purchase and/or commitment, license, consensual obligation,promise or undertaking, but excluding this Agreement and any AncillaryAgreement save as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement or in anyAncillary Agreement.

"**Contractual Asset**" means, in respect of anyPerson, any Contract of, or relating to, such Person, any outstanding offer orsolicitation made by, or to, such Person to enter into any Contract, and anypromise or undertaking made by any other Person to such Person, whether or not legallybinding.

"**Control**" has the meaning set forth inSection 14.04(a).

"**Court**" means the Quebec Superior Court.

"**CRA**" means the Canada Revenue Agency.

"**Deferred Beneficiary**" has the meaning set forthin Section 5.01(b).

"**Deferred Excluded Asset**" has the meaning setforth in Section 5.01(a).

"**Deferred Separated Asset**" has the meaningset forth in Section 5.01(a).

"**Deferred Transactions**" has the meaning setforth in Section 13.01(a).

"**Deferred Transfer Asset**" has the meaning setforth in Section 5.01(a).

"**Deposit Rights**"**means rights relatingto deposits and prepaid expenses, claims for refunds and rights of set-off inrespect thereof.

"**Designated Assets**" means any of Novelis'rolling facilities at Oswego, New York, Logan, Kentucky, Norf, Germany, Ulsan, Korea, Yeongju, Korea or Pindamonhangaba, Brazil.

"**Disclosing Party**" has the meaning set forthin Section 11.08.

"**Dispute**" has the meaning set forth inSection 12.01.

"**Distribution**" means the pro ratedistribution of New Alcan Common Shares and Novelis Common Shares to AlcanCommon Shareholders, as contemplated in the Plan of Arrangement.

"**Effective Date**" means the effective date ofthe Arrangement, being the date shown on the certificate of arrangement issuedby the director under the CBCA giving effect to the Arrangement, which date theParties currently expect to be January 6, 2005.

"**Effective Time**" means 12:00:01 a.m.E.S.T. on the Effective Date.

 

 

"**EHS Liabilities**" means any Liability arisingfrom or under any Environmental Law or Occupational Health and Safety Law.

"**Employee Matters Agreement**" means theEmployee Matters Agreement substantially in the form attached hereto as **Exhibit D**.

"**Encumbrance**" means, with respect to anyasset, mortgages, liens, hypothecs, pledges, charges, security interests orencumbrances of any kind in respect of such asset, whether or not filed,recorded or otherwise perfected under Applicable Law.

"**Energy Agreement**" means the Energy Agreementsubstantially in the form attached hereto as **Exhibit E**.

"**Environmental Law**" means any Applicable Lawfrom any Governmental Authority (A) relating to the protection of theenvironment (including air, water, soil and natural resources) or (B) theuse, storage, handling, release or disposal of Hazardous Substances.

"**Escalation Notice**" has the meaning set forthin Section 12.02.

"**Exchange Act**" means the United States *Securities Exchange Act of 1934*.

"**Excluded Assets**" has the meaning set forthin Section 2.06(a).

"**Final Order**" means the final order of theCourt made in connection with the approval of the Arrangement and the fairnessof the terms and conditions thereof.

"**Foilstock Supply Agreement**" means,individually or collectively, the Foilstock Supply Agreements substantially inthe forms attached as **Exhibit F**.

"**Foil Supply Agreement**" means, individuallyor collectively, the Foil Supply Agreements substantially in the forms attachedas **Exhibit G**.

"**Foil Supply and Distribution Agreement**"means the Foil Supply and Distribution Agreement substantially in the formattached as **Exhibit H**.

"**Governmental Authority**" means any court,arbitration panel, governmental or regulatory authority, agency, stockexchange, commission or body.

"**Governmental Authorization**" means anyConsent, license, certificate, franchise, registration or permit issued,granted, given or otherwise made available by, or under the authority of, anyGovernmental Authority or pursuant to any Applicable Law.

"**Ground Lease**"**means any long-termlease (including any emphyteotic lease) of Land in which most of the rights andbenefits comprising ownership of the Land and the Improvements thereon or to beconstructed thereon, if any, and the Appurtenances thereto for the benefitthereof, are transferred to the tenant for the term thereof.

 

 

"**Ground Lease Property**" means, in respect ofany Person, any Land, Improvement or Appurtenance of such Person that issubject to a Ground Lease.

"**Group**" means Alcan Group or Novelis Group,as the context requires.

"**Hazardous Substance**" means any substance tothe extent presently listed, defined, designated or classified as hazardous,toxic or radioactive under any applicable Environmental Law, includingpetroleum and any derivative or by-products thereof.

"**Improvements**" means, in respect of any Land,all buildings, structures, plants, fixtures and improvements located on suchLand, including those under construction.

"**Indemnified Party**" has the meaning set forthin Section 9.04(a).

"**Indemnifying Party**" has the meaning set forth inSection 9.04(b).

"**Information**" means any information, whetheror not patentable or copyrightable, in written, oral, electronic or othertangible or intangible forms, stored in any medium, including studies, reports,test procedures, research, records, books, contracts, instruments, surveys,discoveries, ideas, concepts, know-how, techniques, manufacturing techniques,manufacturing variables, designs, specifications, drawings, blueprints,diagrams, models, prototypes, samples, products, product plans, flow charts,data, computer data, disks, diskettes, tapes, computer programs or othersoftware, marketing plans, customer information, customer services, supplierinformation, communications by or to attorneys (including attorney-clientprivileged communications), memos and other materials prepared by attorneys orunder their direction (including attorney work product), and other technical,financial, employee or business information or data.

"**Insurance Benefits**" means, in respect of anyAsset or Liability, all insurance benefits, including rights to InsuranceProceeds, arising from or relating to such Asset or Liability.

"**Insurance Proceeds**" means those monies (ineach case net of any costs or expenses incurred in the collection thereof andnet of any applicable premium adjustments (including reserves andretrospectively rated premium adjustments)):

(a)          received by an insured from an insurance carrier; or

(b)          paid by an insurance carrier on behalf of the insured.

"**Intangible Property Rights**" means, inrespect of any Person, all intangible rights and property of such Person,including IT Assets, going concern value and goodwill.

"**Intellectual Property Agreement**" means,individually or collectively, the Intellectual Property Agreementssubstantially in the forms attached hereto as **Exhibit I**.

"**Intercompany Accounts**" has the meaning set forthin Section 3.10.

 

"**Interim Order**" means the interim order ofthe Court dated November 22, 2004 in connection with the approval of theArrangement providing for, among other things, the holding of the AlcanMeeting, as the same may be amended, supplemented or varied by the Court.

"**Internal Revenue Code**"****means theUnited States Internal Revenue Code of 1986.

"**Inventories**"**means, in respect of anyPerson, all inventories of such Person wherever located, including all finishedgoods, (whether or not held at any location or facility of such Person or intransit to or from such Person), work in process, raw materials, spare partsand all other materials and supplies to be used or consumed by the Person inproduction of finished goods.

"**IRS**" means the United States InternalRevenue Service.

**"IT Assets"** means computers, computersoftware, firmware, middleware, servers, workstations, routers, hubs, switches,data communications lines, all other information technology equipments and allassociated documentation.

"**Joint Procurement of Goods and Services Protocol**"means the Joint Procurement of Goods and Services Protocol substantially in theform attached as **Exhibit J**.

"**Land**" means, in respect of any Person, allparcels and tracts of land in which the Person has an ownership interest.

"**Liability**" means, with respect to anyPerson, any and all losses, claims, charges, debts, demands, actions, causes ofaction, suits, damages, obligations, payments, costs and expenses, sums ofmoney, accounts, reckonings, bonds, specialties, indemnities and similarobligations, exoneration covenants, contracts, controversies, agreements,promises, doings, omissions, variances, guarantees, make whole agreements andsimilar obligations, and other liabilities and requirements, including allcontractual obligations, whether absolute or contingent, matured or unmatured,liquidated or unliquidated, accrued or unaccrued, known or unknown, joint orseveral, whenever arising, and including those arising under any ApplicableLaw, Action, threatened or contemplated Action (including the costs andexpenses of demands, assessments, judgments, settlements and compromisesrelating thereto and attorneys' fees and any and all costs and expenses,whatsoever reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending againstany such Actions or threatened or contemplated Actions) or Order of anyGovernmental Authority or any award of any arbitrator or mediator of any kind,and those arising under any contract, commitment or undertaking, in each case,whether or not recorded or reflected or otherwise disclosed or required to berecorded or reflected or otherwise disclosed, on the books and records orfinancial statements of any Person, including any Specified Financial Liability,EHS Liability or Liability for Taxes.

"**Mediation Notice**" has the meaning set forthin Section 12.03(a).

"**Metal Supply Agreement**" means, individuallyor collectively, the Metal Supply Agreements substantially in the formsattached as **Exhibit K**.

 

"**Neuhausen Agreement**" means, individually orcollectively, the agreements substantially in the forms attached as **Exhibit L**.

"**Non Compete Breach**" has the meaning setforth in Section 14.03(b).

"**Non Compete Undertaking**" has the meaning setforth in Section 14.04(c).

"**Notice Period**" has the meaning set forth inSection 9.04(b).

"**Novelis**" means Novelis Inc., a corporationincorporated under the CBCA formed to acquire under the Arrangement andindependently carry on most of the aluminum rolled products businesses operatedby Alcan.

"**Novelis Annual Report**" has the meaning setforth in Section 14.01(d).

"**Novelis Balance Sheet**" means the auditedcombined balance sheet of "*the Novelis Group*", including the notesthereto, as of September** **30, 2004, substantially in the formattached as **Schedule 1.01 - "NBS"**.

"**Novelis Claims**" has the meaning set forth inSection 9.01(a).

"**Novelis COC Assets**" has the meaning set forth inSection 14.04(d).

"**Novelis Common Shares**" means the votingcommon shares of Novelis to be issued to holders of Alcan Special Shares underthe Arrangement in exchange for such Alcan Special Shares.

"**Novelis Group**" means Novelis and itsSubsidiaries, whether held directly or indirectly; for greater certainty,(i) prior to the Effective Time, "Novelis Group" excludes ArcustargetGroup, and (ii) on and after the Effective Time, "Novelis Group" includesArcustarget Group.

"**Novelis Indemnified Parties**" has the meaningset forth in Section 9.03.

"**Novelis Opening Balance Sheet**" has the meaningset forth in Section 2.04(e).

"**Novelis Parties**" has the meaning set forthin Section 9.01(b).

"**Novelis Releasors**" has the meaning set forth inSection 9.01(a).

"**Novelis Special Shares**" means the non-votingredeemable, retractable, special****shares, Series 1, of Novelis whichNovelis will be authorized to issue upon the Arrangement becoming effective andwhich are to be issued by Novelis to Alcan in consideration for the transfer byAlcan to Novelis of the Arcustarget Common Shares, as contemplated by the Planof Arrangement.

"**Novelis's Auditors**" has the meaning setforth in Section 14.01(a).

 

 

"**Occupational Health and Safety Law**" meansany Applicable Law designed to provide safe and healthful working conditionsand to reduce occupational safety and health hazards, and any program, whethergovernmental or private (such as those promulgated or sponsored by industryassociations and insurance companies), designed to provide safe and healthfulworking conditions.

"**Ohle Agreement**" means the Agreementsubstantially in the form attached as **Exhibit M**.

"**Order**" means any order, injunction,judgment, decree, ruling, assessment or arbitration award of any GovernmentalAuthority or arbitrator.

"**Ordinary Course of Business**"****meansany action taken by a Person that is in the ordinary course of the normal,day-to-day operations of such Person and is consistent with the past practicesof such Person.

"**Parties**" means the parties to this Agreementand, in the singular, means either of them.

"**Person**" means any individual, BusinessConcern or Governmental Authority.

"**Plan of Arrangement**" means the plan ofarrangement set out as **Schedule 1.01 - "PA"**, as the same maybe amended from time to time.

"**Plate Business**" means any business engaged,in whole or in part, in the manufacturing, production, marketing or sale ofPlate Products.

"**Plate Product**" means any rolled and/or castaluminum products having a thickness greater than 6.5 millimeters in the caseof cast aluminum or 12 millimeters in the case of rolled aluminum, and that isnot intended for further rolling (reroll) to a gauge of 6.5 millimeters orless.

"**Potential Contributor**" has the meaning setforth in Section 9.05(a).

"**Prime Rate**" means the floating rate ofinterest established from time to time by the Royal Bank of Canada (the "**Bank**")as the reference rate of interest the Bank will use to determine rates ofinterest payable by its borrowers on **[US]** dollar commercial loans madeby the Bank to such borrowers **[in Canada]**and designated by the Bank asits "prime rate" and which shall change from time to time as changed by theBank.

"**Prospectus**" means the amended preliminary non-offeringprospectus filed with the securities regulatory authorities in each of theprovinces and territories of Canada on November 23, 2004, and included asexhibit 99.1 of the Registration Statement, together with all amendmentsor supplements thereto.

"**Provincial Revenue Authority**" means theapplicable department or other division of the provincial government of anyrelevant Canadian province that is charged with the responsibility for theadministration of provincial taxation statutes.

 

 

"**Real Property**" means any Land andImprovements and all Appurtenances thereto and any Ground Lease Property.

"**Record**" means information that is inscribedon a tangible medium or that is stored in an electronic or other medium and isretrievable in perceivable form. 

"**Registration Statement"**means theregistration statement on Form 10, file number 001‐32312, filed withthe SEC under the Exchange Act, together with all amendments or supplementsthereto.

"**Regulation S‐K**" meansRegulation S‐K of the General Rules and Regulations promulgated bythe SEC pursuant to the Securities Act.

"**Remaining Alcan Businesses**" means all AlcanBusinesses other than the Separated Businesses.

"**Remaining Alcan Entity**" means any BusinessConcern that is a member of Alcan Group on and after the Effective Time.

"**Reorganization**" means the measures describedin Article III, including the Reorganization Transactions.

"**Reorganization Date**" means, unless otherwiseindicated on the final closing agenda relating to the Reorganization and theArrangement, December 31, 2004, or such earlier or later date as theAlcan Board may determine as the date by which all of the ReorganizationTransactions (other than non-material transactions the performance of whichshall have been waived by Alcan, with or without conditions) shall have beencompleted.

"**Reorganization Documents**" means theagreements described on **Schedule 2.07(g)** of this Agreement and, inthe singular, means any one of them.

"**Reorganization Time**" means, unless otherwiseindicated on the final closing agenda relating to the Reorganization and theArrangement, 11:59:59 p.m.E.S.T. on the Reorganization Date.

"**Reorganization Transactions**" means thetransactions described on **Schedule 3.01** of this Agreementand, in the singular, means any one of them.

"**Representatives**" means, with respect to anyPerson, any of such Person's directors, officers, employees, agents,consultants, advisors, accountants or attorneys.

"**Requesting Party**" has the meaning set forthin Section 11.01.

"**Restricted Period**" means the period of four(4) years commencing immediately after the expiry of the Standstill Period.

"**Retained Liabilities**" has the meaning setforth in Section 2.07.

 

 

"**Retaining Person**" has the meaning set forth inSection 5.01(b).

"**Rolled Products Business**" means thebusinesses and operations relating to the manufacturing, production, research,development, marketing and sale of aluminum sheet, light gauge products,automotive, can and lithographic sheet, plate and foil stock, that will beowned by Novelis or any other member of Novelis Group as of the Effective Timeor that was but is no longer conducted by Alcan or any other member of AlcanGroup both as owned and operated by Novelis or any other member of NovelisGroup and as owned and operated by Alcan or any other member of Alcan Group atany time prior to the Effective Time whether or not still conducted at the dateof this Agreement; provided, however, that in no event shall "Rolled ProductsBusiness" include any business operated by Alcan Group following the EffectiveTime.

"**Rulings Applications**" means all theapplications for an advance tax ruling or letter submissions made to the CRA,any Provincial Revenue Authority or the IRS concerning the subject matterhereof (including, for greater certainty, any aspect of the Plan ofArrangement) prior to the date of this Agreement, and all such lettersubmissions made on or after the date hereof and prior to the Effective Date.

"**Securities Act**" means the United States *Securities Act of 1933*.

"**SEC**" means the United States Securities andExchange Commission.

"**Separated Assets**" has the meaning set forthin Section 2.04.

"**Separated Businesses**" means those AlcanBusinesses specifically identified on **Schedule 1.01****-"SB"** and, in the singular, means any one of them.

"**Separated Entities**" means those BusinessConcerns forming part of Alcan Group which are identified on **Schedule 1.01- "SE"** and which (i) on and after the Reorganization Time formpart of Arcustarget Group, and (ii) on and after the Effective Time formpart of Novelis Group.

"**Separation**" means the multi-step process bywhich the Separated Businesses shall be  transferred, directly or indirectly,from Alcan to Novelis and includes the Reorganization and the Arrangement.

"**Services**" has the meaning ascribed theretoin the Transitional Services Agreement.

"**Sierre Agreement**" means the Sierre MasterAgreement, including all individual agreements referred to therein as formingpart thereof, substantially in the form attached hereto as **Exhibit N**.

"**Specified FinancialLiabilities**" or "**SFLs**" mean, in respect of any Person, allliabilities, obligations, contingencies, instruments and other Liabilities of afinancial nature with Third Parties of, or relating to, such Person, includingany of the following: 

(a)               foreign exchange contracts;

 

 

(b)              letters of credit;

(c)               guarantees of Third-Party loans;

(d)              surety bonds (excluding surety for workers' compensation self-insurance);

(e)               interest support agreements on Third Party loans;

(f)                performance bonds or guarantees issued by Third Parties;

(g)               swaps or other derivatives contracts; 

(h)               recourse arrangements on the sale of receivables or notes; and

(i)                indemnities for damages for any breach of, or any inaccuracy in, anyrepresentation or warranty or any breach of, or failure to perform or complywith, any covenant, undertaking or obligation.

"**Standstill Period**" means a period of twelve(12) months commencing on the Effective Date.

"**Subsidiary**" of any Person means anycorporation, partnership, limited liability entity, joint venture or otherorganization, whether incorporated or unincorporated, of which a majority ofthe total voting power of capital stock or other interests entitled (without theoccurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managersor trustees thereof, is at the time owned or controlled, directly orindirectly, by such Person.

"**Tangible Personal Property**" means, inrespect of any Person, all machinery, equipment, tools, furniture, officeequipment, supplies, materials, vehicles and other items of tangible personalor movable property (other than Inventories and IT Assets) of every kind andwherever located that are owned or leased by the Person, together with anyexpress or implied warranty by the manufacturers, sellers or lessors of anyitem or component part thereof and all maintenance Records and other documentsrelating thereto.

"**Targeted Entity**" has the meaning set forthin Section 14.04(a).

"**Tax**"**means any income, profit, grossreceipts, license, payroll, employment, excise, severance, stamp, occupation,premium property, environmental, windfall profit, customs, vehicle, airplane,boat, vessel or other title or registration, capital, capital stock, franchise,employees' income withholding, foreign or domestic withholding, socialsecurity, unemployment, disability, real property, personal property, sales,use, goods and service, transfer, value added, alternative, add-on, minimum andother tax, fee, assessment, levy, tariff, charge, contribution to anygovernmental plan, or duty of any kind whatsoever and any interest, penalty,addition or additional amount thereon imposed, assessed or collected by orunder the authority of any Governmental Authority or payable under anytax-sharing agreement or any other Contract.

"**Tax Act**" means the *Income Tax Act* (Canada).

 

 

"**Tax Rulings**" means the advance income taxruling and opinions received by Alcan from the CRA dated December 15, 2004 and December 23,2004, and any similar advance income tax rulings received by Alcan from aProvincial Revenue Authority or the IRS, and any amendments thereto, confirmingthe Canadian federal income tax consequences of certain aspects of the Arrangementand certain other transactions.

"**Tax Sharing and Disaffiliation Agreement**"means the Tax Sharing and Disaffiliation Agreement substantially in the formattached hereto as **Exhibit O**.

"**Technical Services Agreement**"**means,individually or collectively, the Technical Services Agreements substantiallyin the forms attached hereto as **Exhibit P**.

"**Third Party**"**means a Person that isnot a Party to this Agreement, other than a member of Alcan Group or a memberof Novelis Group****and that is not an Affiliate thereof.

"**Third Party Acquirer**" has the meaning setforth in Section 14.04(a).

"**Third Party Acquirer Controller**" has themeaning set forth in Section14.04(d).

"**Third Party Claim**" has the meaning set forthin Section 9.04(b).

"**Third Party Consent**" has the meaning setforth in Section 2.09.

"**Transfer Impediment**"**has the meaningset forth in Section 5.01(a).

"**Transition Service Schedule**" has the meaningset forth in the Transitional Services Agreement.

"**Transitional Services Agreement**" means theTransitional Services Agreement substantially in the form attached hereto as **Exhibit Q**.

"**United States**" means the United States of America.

"**Unreleased Liabilities**" has the meaning setforth in Section 5.02.

"**Unreleased Person**" has the meaning set forthin Section 5.02.

 

 

**LIST OF EXHIBITS**

Exhibit A
AluminaSupply Agreement

Exhibit B
By-lawsof Novelis

Exhibit C
Certificateof incorporation of Novelis

Exhibit D
EmployeeMatters Agreement

Exhibit E
EnergyAgreement

Exhibit F
FoilStockSupply Agreement

Exhibit G
FoilSupply Agreements

Exhibit H
FoilSupply and Distribution Agreement

Exhibit I
IntellectualProperty Agreements

Exhibit J
JointProcurement of Goods and Services Protocol

Exhibit K
MetalSupply Agreements

Exhibit L
NeuhausenAgreements

Exhibit M
OhleAgreement

Exhibit N
SierreAgreements

Exhibit O
TaxSharing and Disaffiliation Agreement

Exhibit P
TechnicalServices Agreements

Exhibit Q
TransitionalServices Agreement

Exhibit R
Non Compete Undertaking

 

  |
|-------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|