# Patent

## Title
Method and apparatus for encoding/decoding

## Abstract

There is provided a multimedia data decoding method and apparatus. The decoding method includes generating a data area comprising a first media data area, a second media data area, and a third media data area, and generating a media information area comprising first, second, and third track areas each corresponding to the first, second, and third media data areas. The multimedia data decoding method and apparatus has an effect of being capable of constructing a slide show by only a small amount of multimedia data. Thus, a time taken to process and transmit the multimedia data can reduce.

## Background
This application is a National Phase entry of PCT Application No. PCT/KR2006/004128, filed on Oct. 13, 2006, which claims priority under 35 U.S.C. §119(e), 120 and 365(c) to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/725,655, filed on Oct. 13, 2005, U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/725,652, filed on Oct. 13, 2005, U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/726,230, filed on Oct. 14, 2005, U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/757,463, filed on Jan. 10, 2006, U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/787,173, filed on Mar. 30, 2006, U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/788,736, filed on Apr. 4, 2006, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/789,876, filed on Apr. 7, 2006 in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, the contents of each of which are incorporated by reference in its entirety.


BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for encoding/decoding multimedia data including a video, an audio, and a text, and more particularly, to an encoding/decoding method and apparatus for sequentially reproducing a plurality of media data, thereby constructing a slide show.
2. Description of the Related Art
There occurs a drawback in that a time required for encoding/decoding and a time required for data transmission increase because of a very large amount of data in a multimedia data processing method for integrating and encoding/decoding various formats of media data such as a video, an audio, and a text.
Accordingly, the present invention is to solve at least the problems and disadvantages of the background art in that the present invention is to provide a multimedia data structure for efficiently decoding multimedia data, and a multimedia data encoding/decoding method and apparatus using the same.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
To achieve these and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the present invention, as embodied and broadly described, there is provided an encoding method. The encoding method includes generating a data area including a first media data area, a second media data area, and a third media data area; and generating a media information area including first, second, and third track areas each corresponding to the first, second, and third media data areas. At least one of the first, second, and third track areas has timing information for sequentially reproducing media data included in the media data area, and the plurality of media data included in the data area are dependent on one timeline.
In another aspect, there is provided a decoding method. The decoding method includes receiving multimedia data having a data area including a first media data area, a second media data area, and a third media data area, and a media information area including first, second, and third track areas each corresponding to the first, second, and third media data areas; and sequentially reproducing media data included in the media data area, using timing information included in at least one of the first, second, and third track areas. The plurality of media data included in the data area are dependent on one timeline.
In a further another aspect, there is provided an encoding apparatus. The encoding apparatus includes a data area generator for generating a data area including a first media data area, a second media data area, and a third media data area; a media information area generator for generating a media information area including first, second, and third track areas each corresponding to the first, second, and third media data areas; a meta area generator for generating a meta area including a first area including identification information on the media data and a second area including position information on the media data. At least one of the first, second, and third track areas has timing information for sequentially reproducing media data included in the media data area, and the plurality of media data included in the data area are dependent on one timeline.
In a yet another aspect, there is provided a decoding apparatus. The decoding apparatus includes a data input unit for receiving multimedia data having a data area including a first media data area, a second media data area, and a third media data area, and a media information area including first, second, and third track areas each corresponding to the first, second, and third media data areas; and a reproducing unit for sequentially reproducing media data included in the media data area, using timing information included in at least one of the first, second, and third track areas. The plurality of media data included in the data area are dependent on one timeline. In a still another aspect, there is provided a multimedia data structure. The structure includes a data area including a first media data area, a second media data area, and a third media data area; and a media information area including first, second, and third track areas each corresponding to the first, second, and third media data areas. The first, second, and third media data areas each include a plurality of image data, audio data, and text data, and the track area includes timing information for sequentially reproducing media data included in the media data area.
According to the present invention, a multimedia data decoding method and apparatus has an effect of being capable of constructing a slide show by only a small amount of multimedia data. Thus, a time taken to process and transmit the multimedia data can reduce.
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the inventions will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.



BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the following drawings in which like numerals refer to like elements.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an entire structure of multimedia data according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a multimedia data structure according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 illustrates a multimedia data structure according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a multimedia data structure according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 illustrates timing information on a plurality of media data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a construction of an encoding apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a construction of a decoding apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an encoding method according to the present invention; and
FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a decoding method according to the present invention.



DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in a more detailed manner with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an entire structure of multimedia data according to the present invention. As shown, a multimedia data file is comprised of a file type area, a media information area, and a data area.
The file type area represents a format of a multimedia data file, and can be expressed in a form or version of the multimedia data file. For example, it can represent that the format of the multimedia data file is an MPEG-4, version 2, format when a file type is “mp42”.
The data area includes a plurality of media data areas. Each of the media data areas includes media data. FIG. 1 shows that A data area including first, second, and third media data areas. But, the data area can also include four or more media data areas or two or less media data areas. The media data areas can include several types of media data such as image data, audio data, or text data. The image data can be still picture data or moving picture data.
The media information area has information on the media data included in the data area. Referring to FIG. 1, it is desirable that the media information area includes a plurality of track areas that correspond to the plurality of media data areas included in the data area, respectively. In detail, the media information area can include a first track area, a second track area, and a third track area. The first track area has information on the media data included in the first media data area. The second track area has information on the media data included in the second media data area. The third track area has information on the media data included in the second media data area.
The track areas included in the media information area can have timing information for sequentially reproducing the media data included in the corresponding media data area, thereby constructing a slide show. For example, the first track area can have information on a duration for reproducing the media data included in the first media data area.
The track areas can include several pieces of information on the media data. For example, when the media data is music data, its corresponding track area can include musician information or musical composer information.
FIG. 2 illustrates a multimedia data structure according to a first exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Media information area can include track areas corresponding to media data areas, respectively, and a meta area. The track areas can be individually comprised of a media area and a track meta area.
The meta area is included in the media information area at the same level as those of the track areas. The meta area includes information on the media data included in the data area. The information in the meta area is information on an attribute for distinguishing the plurality of media data from each other. Desirably, the meta area includes identification (ID) information and position information on the media data. More desirably, the meta area can include name information, contents type information, ID, position information, and size information on the media data.
The following is an example of media data information included in the meta area. In this case, the first media data area includes the N number of JPEG image data, and the second media data area includes MP3 audio data, and the third media data area includes text data.















MP3



item_ID = 1



item_name = <rel. url to mp3>



content_type = audio/mp3



JPEG 1



item_ID = 2



item_name = <rel. url to jpeg 1>



content_type = image/jpeg



...



JPEG N



item_ID = N+1



item_name = <rel. url to jpeg N>



content_type = image/jpeg



Text



item_ID = N+2



item_name = <rel. url to text>



content_type = text










The meta area may include a first meta area and a second meta area. The first and second meta areas can share and include information on the media data. For example, the first meta area can include name and content type information on the media data, and the second meta area can include physical position and size information on the media data.
A handler type of the meta area can be designated to “lsr1” and used.
Referring to FIG. 3, a meta area may include an animation area having information on an animation effect to be applied to media data. The animation area can include at least one of grouping information on the animation effect, and size information, opacity effect information, and geometrical transform information on the media data to which the animation effect is applied. The grouping information represents a combination of the animation effects to be applied to the media data. The size information describes a variation of an image size when the media data is image data.
The opacity effect information describes an image fade-in or fade-out effect. The geometrical transform information describes effects of transition between images, image scale transform, rotation, and skew, and the like.
The animation area can include information on a motion path of an image or information on motion paths of objects included in the image. The animation area can include image color change information or image form information. The image form information can be a rectangle, a circle, an oval, a line, a polyline, a polygon, and the like. The animation area can include attribute control information for controlling the attribute of the media data, to realize several animation effects applicable to the media data.
As shown in FIG. 4, a meta area can be positioned on a file level, not included in a media information area. In other words, a multimedia data file can be comprised of four areas: a file type area, the meta area, a media information area, and a data area.
The animation area can use a language such as Light-weight Application Scene Representation (LASeR), Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), or Binary Format for Scene (BIFS), to describe animation effect information. The LASeR, SVG, or BIFS information can be realized in an eXtensible Mark-up Language (XML) format or a Binary encoded format.
The following is an example of the animation effect information expressed using the SVG, and expresses the opacity effect information, the scale transform information, and the size variation information.















<svg>



 <g id=“Article_Image”>



 <animate attributeName=“opacity” calcMode=“linear”



 values=“0.00;1.00;1.00;1.00;1.00;1.00;1.00;1.00”



 dur=“8.0” repeatDur=“indefinite”/>



 <animateTransform attributeName=“transform” type=“scale”



 additive=“sum” calcMode=“linear” values=“1.00 1.00;1.00



 1.00;1.00 1.00;1.00 1.00;0.50 1.00;0.00 1.00;1.00 1.00” dur=“8.0”



 repeatDur=“indefinite”/>



 <image width=“200” height=“150” #sampleID = 1 >



 </image>



 </g>



</svg>










A symbol (<) signifies a start, and a symbol (>) signifies an end. A symbol (/) signifies an end of a context to be defined. For example, a context of <svg> to </svg> is a bundle, and a context of <g id=“Article_image”> to </g> is a bundle, and a context of <image width=“200” height=“150” #sample=1> to </image> is a bundle. The “g” denotes a group and the “Article_image” represents a name of the group (g) in the <g id=“Articleimage”>. The “opacity” and “transform” are names of animation attributes or animation effects. The “opacity” and “transform” represent opacity effect and geometrical transform, respectively. A symbol (sum) represents a sum of the animation attributes. A symbol (dur) represents information on the duration for reproducing the image data. A symbol (infinite) signifies indefiniteness.
In case that the image data is regarded as one sample, an image to be realized by the image data (#sampleID=1) having an identification number (ID) of ‘1’ has a width of 200 and a height of 150 in size. The animation effect information expresses an animation effect of linearly (calcMode=“linear”) indefinitely repeating (repeatDur=“indefinite”) a non-opacity variation for the image data (#sampleID=1) from a full non-opacity (value=0.00) to an original non-opacity (value=1.00) during eight seconds (dur=“8.0”). Also, the animation effect information expresses an animation effect of linearly (calcMode=“linear”) indefinitely repeating (repeatDur=“indefinite”) the size variation (“transform, “scale”) of the image data (#sampleID=1) from an original image size (value=1.00) to a half of a horizontal-direction size of an image (value=y; x=1.00; 0.50) during eight seconds (dur=“8.0”). Also, the animation effect information depicts simultaneous implementation (additive=“sum”) of the two animation effects.
The image data comprised of one or more samples is distinguished from each other in a chunk unit. The samples can be arranged in a temporal sequence at each chunk. Each sample included in the chunk has its inherent identification number (ID). The inherent identification number (ID) of each sample can be given starting from ‘1’. The image data (#sampleID=1) having the inherent identification number (ID) of ‘1’ represents, not data itself, its sample.
Referring to FIG. 2, the track area can include the media area, and the track meta area. The media area includes the timing information for sequentially reproducing the media data, thereby constructing the slide show. The track meta area includes the information on the media data.
The timing information on the media data refers to information on the duration or a sequence for reproducing the media data on a timeline. It is desirable that all the media data included in the data area are dependent on one timeline. In other words, it is desirable that the timing information on all the media data included in the data area are expressed on one timeline.
Each of the media data has the timing information, separately. Thus, the durations of reproducing the media data, respectively, cannot be consistent with each other.
The media area can include a first area having the reproduction duration information on the media data; a second area having the position information on the media data; and a third area having the size information on the media data. The media data to be reproduced can be searched using the position and size information included in the second and third areas.
The timing information on the media area can be expressed using the language such as the LASeR, the SVG, or the BIFS. The LASeR, the SVG, or the BIFS information can be realized in the XML format or the Binary encoded format.
The timing information on all the media data included in the data area can be included in one media area, for example, the media area of the first track area. Alternately, the media areas can have the timing information on the corresponding media data, respectively. In other words, the media area of the first track area can have the timing information on the first media data, and the media area of the second track area can have the timing information on the second media data, and the media area of the third track area can have the timing information on the third media data.
The track meta area can include information for distinguishing the media data from each other. In other words, the attribute information on the media data can be included in the meta area of the media information area, or included in the track meta area of the track area. In case where the information is included in the meta area, the information on all the media data included in the data area are desirably included in one meta area. In case where the information is included in the track meta area, the information on each media data is desirably divided and positioned in the track meta area included in the corresponding track area. Also, the track meta area can have information on the animation effect.
FIG. 3 illustrates a multimedia data structure according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention. A data area can include an image data area, an audio data area, and a text data area. A media information area can include a slide show area having information on image data, an audio track area having information on audio data, and a text track area having information on text data.
The image data included in the image data area can be still picture data or moving picture data. The image data can be data compressed in a format of Joint Picture Expert Group (JPEG), Moving Picture Expert Group (MPEG)-1, 2, or Advanced Video Coding (AVC). In other words, the image data can be data such as various formats of video clips or photographs acquired by a device (not shown) such as a camcorder (not shown) or a portable terminal (not shown).
The audio data included in the audio data area can be music data, accompaniment data, or voice data. The audio data can be data compressed in a format of MPEG Layer-3 (MP3) or Advanced Audio Coding (AAC). Alternately, the audio data can be a result obtained by synthesizing the accompaniment data and the voice data. The accompaniment data can be data expressed by only a musical instrument sound excluding a musician's voice in music.
The text data included in the text data area can be data having a character string distinguished in a line unit. In this case, each line can be treated as a sample.
FIG. 5 illustrates timing information on a plurality of media data according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. An image data area has six pieces of image data, and an audio data area has three pieces of audio data, and a text data area has four pieces of text data.
As shown in FIG. 5, the media data are dependent on one timeline, but have timing information separately. Therefore, reproduction durations may not be consistent with each other. It is desirable that each of the media data included in the media data area has reproduction duration information, position information, and size information.
A media area of a slide show area can have all of the reproduction duration information, the position information, and the size information on the six pieces of image data, the three pieces of audio data, and the four pieces of text data. In another exemplary embodiment, a media area of a slide show area has reproduction duration information, position information, and size information on six pieces of image data. A media area of an audio track area has reproduction duration information, position information, and size information on three pieces of audio data. A media area of a text track area can have reproduction duration information, position information, and size information on four pieces of text data.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a construction of an encoding apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The encoding apparatus includes a file type area generator 100, a media information area generator 110, a data area generator 120, and an output unit 130. Where appropriate, the method steps for FIG. 8 have been associated with the constituent elements of the encoding apparatus shown in FIG. 6. Also with reference to FIG. 6, the file type area generator 100 generates a file type area representing a format of a multimedia data file (Step 300). The media information area generator 110 generates a media information area including information on media data, for example, timing information on the media data included in a data area (Step 310). The data area generator 120 generates a data area including a plurality of media data areas (Step 320).
A sequence of generating the area in the encoding apparatus shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 8 is merely one example of an operation of the encoding apparatus according to the present invention. Thus, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The area generation sequence can be modified, or two or more areas can be simultaneously generated in parallel.
The output unit 130 constructs the generated file type area, media information area, and data area as one file, and outputs the encoded multimedia data (Step 330).
A description of the file type area, the media information area, and the data area is the same as the above description and thus, will be omitted.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a construction of a decoding apparatus and FIG. 9 is a flow chart illustrating a decoding method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The decoding apparatus includes a data input unit 200, a timing information extractor 210, an animation effect information extractor 220, a media data extractor 230, and a reproducing unit 240. An operation of the decoding apparatus shown in FIG. 7 will be described with reference to FIG. 9.
The data input unit 200 receives multimedia data (Step 400). The timing information extractor 210 extracts timing information on media data from the received multimedia data (Step 410). It is desirable that the timing information extractor 210 parses a media information area from the received multimedia data and then, extracts the timing information on the media data from a media area included in the media information area.
The media data extractor 230 extracts the media data to be reproduced depending on the extracted timing information from a data area (Step 420). It is desirable that the media data extractor 230 searches the data area for the media data, using size information and position information on the media data included in the media area.
The reproducing unit 240 sequentially reproduces the extracted media data using the extracted timing information, thereby constructing a slide show (Step 430).
In case where there exists animation effect information in an animation area, the animation effect information extractor 220 parses the animation area, and extracts the animation effect information. The reproducing unit 240 can reproduce image data included in an image data area, using the animation effect information. In addition, the reproducing unit 240 reproduce audio data and text data, using the timing information extracted by the timing information extractor 210.
The encoding/decoding methods according to the present invention can be programmed for execution in a computer and stored in a computer readable recording medium. The multimedia data having the data structure according to the present invention can be also stored in the computer readable recording medium. The computer readable recording medium includes all kinds of storage units storing data readable by a computer system. The computer readable recording medium is exemplified as a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Compact-Disk Read Only Memory (CD-ROM), a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, and an optic data storage unit, and includes a unit realized in a format of carrier wave (e.g., Internet transmission). The computer readable recording medium is dispersed to the computer system connecting thereto through a network, and can store and execute a computer readable code in a dispersion method. Function program, code and code segments for realizing a user tracking method can be easily inferred by programmers in a technological field of the present invention.
As described above, an encoding/decoding method and apparatus according to the present invention can be widely used for a multimedia player or a multimedia coding device for reproducing a plurality of media data, thereby reducing a time taken to process and transmit the multimedia data.
The invention being thus described, it will be obvious that the same may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.

## Claims

1. An encoding method comprising:
generating a file type area having file format information;
generating a data area comprising image data and audio data; generating a media information area comprising a slide show area and an audio track area corresponding to the image data and audio data, respectively, the slide show area including a media area and a track meta area, the media area of the slide show area including reproduction duration information, position information, and size information on the image data, each reproduction duration information, position information, and size information in the media area of the slide show area being allocated for the image data; and
constructing the generated file type area, the media information area, and the data area as one multimedia data file, and outputting the constructed multimedia data file;
wherein the image data and audio data in the data area are dependent on one timeline,
all images that are used in the slide show presentation are arranged in a single track, wherein the track meta area of the slide show area and the audio track area includes meta information on the image data and the audio data, respectively,
the track meta area of the slide show area and the audio track area include an XML format data on the meta information,
the media information area further comprises a meta area including an animation area comprising at least one of grouping information on animation effect, opacity effect information, size information on an image to which the animation effect is to be applied, and geometrical transform effect information,
the animation area is described using Light-weight Application Scene Representation (LASeR),
the image data has a plurality of Joint Photograph Experts Group (JPEG) image data, and
the animation effect is applied to the JPEG images.

2. The encoding method of claim 1, wherein the audio data has MPEG Audio Layer-3 (MP3) audio data.

3. The encoding method of claim 1, wherein the data area further comprises text data, and a character string in the text data is distinguished in a line unit.

4. The encoding method of claim 1, wherein the data area further comprises text data, and the slide show area comprises the timing information on the media data comprised in the audio data and text data.

5. The encoding method of claim 1, wherein there exists the timing information on each of the plurality of media data.

6. A decoding method comprising:
receiving multimedia data which comprises a file type area having file format information, a data area including image data and audio data, and a media information area including a slide show area and an audio track area corresponding to the image data and the audio data, respectively, the slide show area including a media area and a track meta area, the media area of the slide show area including reproduction duration information, position information, and size information on the image data, each reproduction duration information, position information, and size information in the media area of the slide show area being allocated for the image data;
parsing the multimedia data, the media information area of the multimedia data being parsed first;
extracting timing information on the media data from the media area included in the media information area;
extracting the image data and the audio data to be reproduced depending on the extracted timing information; and
reproducing the extracted image data and audio data using the extracted timing information,
wherein the image data and the audio data in the data area are dependent on one timeline,
all images that are used in the slide show presentation are arranged in a single track,
the track meta area of the slide show area and the audio track area include meta information on the image data and the audio data, respectively,
the track meta area of the slide show area and the audio track area include an XML format data on the meta information,
the media information area further comprises a meta area including an animation area comprising at least one of grouping information on animation effect, opacity effect information, size information on an image to which the animation effect is to be applied, and geometrical transform effect information,
the animation area is described using Light-weight Application Scene Representation (LASeR),
the image data has a plurality of data has a plurality of Joint Photograph Experts Group (JPEG) image data, and
the animation effect is applied to the JPEG images.

7. The decoding method of claim 6, wherein the second media data area MP3 audio data.

8. The decoding method of claim 6, wherein the data area further comprises text data, and a character string in the text data is distinguished in a line unit.

9. The decoding method of claim 6, wherein there exists the timing information on each of the plurality of media data.