1. Purpose

2.

. Blasting presents the highest risk of any surface coal mining activity and could 

result in death, injury, and/or property damage on or off the permit area. Competent Office of 

Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSM)-certified blasters (OCB) are crucial to

safe blasting. This directive provides guidance on implementing the Federal Blaster 

Certification Program and consistent enforcement of the blasting performance standards when 

persons, property, or the environment are at risk due to unsafe blasting activities.

Summary of Changes

3.

. This replaces previous REG-33, Suspension and 

Revocation of Federal Blaster Certification, to update the procedures for examining 

potential blasters and processing applications for Federal blaster certificates, coordinating 

information relevant to certification actions, administering the Blaster Certificate 

Tracking System, revoking or suspending Federal blaster certificates, and providing 

guidance on enforcement of blasting performance standards when catastrophic events 

occur or could have occurred due to unsafe blasting practices.

Definitions

a.

.

Blaster Certificate Coordinator (BCC)

b.

. A designated OSM employee who 

serves as a point of contact on the Federal Blaster Certification program, the team leader 

of the Federal Blasting Workgroup, and the administrator of the Blaster Certificate 

Tracking System.

Federal Blasting Workgroup (FBW). A standing self-directed team of OSM 

employees with expertise in investigating blasting problems that serves as a resource to the 

agency on blasting-related issues.

c. Blaster Certificate Tracking System (BCTS). A database containing information 

on each state- or OSM-certified blaster, status of certifications (e.g., issued, renewed, revoked, 

suspended, active expired), and a blasting violation history.

d. Field Office/Field Division (FO/FD). OSM Field Office or Field Division.

e. Informal Hearing. An informal review, in accordance with 30 CFR 955.17(c), by 

the appropriate FO/FD due to a request by an OCB who faces pending suspension or revocation 

of an OSM blasting certificate or other similar action.

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

OFFICE OF SURFACE MINING

RECLAMATION AND ENFORCEMENT

DIRECTIVES 

SYSTEM

Subject Code:

REG-33

Transmittal Number:

962

Date:

DEC 9, 2008

 Subject: Federal Blaster Certification Program and Blasting Enforcement

 Approval: Brent Wahlquist Title: Director
- 2 -

f. OSM Blaster Certificate. Authorization to conduct blasting operations on 

Federally-permitted surface coal mining and reclamation operations.

g. OSM-Certified Blaster (OCB). A qualified individual who completes the 

applicable training, passes the examination, and is found by OSM to be competent and to have 

the necessary knowledge and experience to accept responsibility for blasting operations at 

Federally-permitted surface coal mining operations.

h. Official Admonishment

i.

. A letter of reprimand to the OCB that is 

maintained in OSM’s official file for blasting-related infractions that do not rise to the 

level of seriousness of a suspension or revocation.

Suspension

j.

. A definite or indefinite removal of authority for an OCB to 

conduct blasting operations based on a finding of willful conduct that demonstrates that 

the storage, transportation, or use of explosives by the OCB is likely to threaten public 

safety or the environment. 

Revocation. Removal of an OSM blaster certificate.

k. Reciprocity. OSM conferring OCB status on an individual who demonstrates 

that they hold a current blaster certificate granted by a state or tribe under an OSM-approved 

program. Conversely, a state or tribe may elect to grant reciprocity to an OCB.

l. Willful Conduct

4.

. An act or omission on the part of the OCB that is intentional, 

voluntary, or conscious, and has intentional disregard or indifference to legal requirements. For 

related interpretations, see definition and discussion of civil court interpretations of “willfully” in 

individual civil penalties rulemaking (30 CFR 724.5 and 846.5), 53 FR 3666-3667, 3675-3676, 

February 8, 1988; definition of “willful violation” at 30 CFR 701.5 and 843.5.

Policy. OSM will ensure that only qualified, competent individuals are granted and 

maintain OSM Blaster Certificates. OSM will maintain a general “zero tolerance” policy for 

flyrock incidents as defined by 30 CFR 816.67(c) and 817.67(c). OSM FOs/FDs/Regional 

Directors will coordinate with the BCC and FBW to assure consistency in implementing the 

Federal Blaster Certification Program and blasting enforcement actions.

5. Responsibilities

b. FOs/FDs are responsible for receiving OCB applications; verifying completeness 

of applications; conducting experience checks, collecting fees, and proctoring OCB tests; issuing 

OSM blaster certificates; suspending and revoking OSM blaster certificates; conducting informal 

. 

a. The BCC will maintain the certification examination question pool; develop 

examinations as needed; administer the BCTS; and chair the FBW. The BCC is available to 

advise the FOs/FDs/Regional Directors on all matters related to the Federal blaster certification 

program and enforcement of blasting performance standards. The BCC will notify all FOs/FDs 

and states of any actions taken by OSM or the state regulatory authorities applicable to the status 

(issuance, expiration, suspension, revocation, etc.) of a state or OCB’s certification. 
- 3 -

reviews at the request of an OCB notified of planned suspension, revocation, or other action 

against the Federal blaster certification (see 30 CFR §955.17(b and c)); and preparing the 

administrative record for the Interior Board of Land Appeals (IBLA) review of appealed 

suspension/revocation or other action against an OCB. FOs/FDs who issue new certifications 

for OCBs will maintain the official OSM file for that blaster as well as maintaining all historic 

records. FOs/FDs will ensure that any blasting-related enforcement action is routinely reported 

and entered into the BCTS consistent with the guidance provided in this directive. FO/FDs will 

coordinate as needed with the BCC and appropriate members of the FBW on blasting-related 

matters to ensure consistency. FOs/FDs confer reciprocal OCB status upon confirmation that the 

approved state program requirements for blaster certification are fulfilled and current. 

c. Authorized Representatives are responsible for issuing appropriate enforcement 

actions in accordance with the policies in this directive and other applicable directives (including 

applicable oversight procedures in primacy states) when violations of the performance standards 

of 30 CFR 816/817.61-68 or approved (permitted) blast plans occur at surface coal mining or 

reclamation operations on state primacy permits, Federal Lands, Indian lands under Federal 

jurisdiction, or in Federal Program states. The authorized representative may issue immediate 

temporary suspension of a Federal blaster’s certificate when the OCB actions are inappropriate, 

as described in 30 CFR §850.15(b) or §955.17(a)(2). 

d. Regional Directors are responsible for emphasizing national consistency on 

implementation of this directive. 

e. The FBW is responsible for holding periodic meetings and/or conference calls to 

discuss the implementation of the OSM Blaster Certificate Program and nationwide blasting 

issues. Workgroup members advise the FO/FD/Regional Director as needed or as requested on 

blasting-related issues. 

6. Procedures

a.

. To implement the above policy in Federal program states and on Indian 

lands under Federal jurisdiction:

Certifications. FOs/FDs will issue OCB status according to the procedure 

outlined in Appendix A, Application, Examination, and Issuance of Federal Blaster 

Certifications. Upon receipt of application, testing, and issuance of certification, FOs/FDs will 

ensure relevant data is entered into the BCTS.

b. Blaster Certificate Tracking System. The BCC will administer the BCTS to 

provide the functionality that will capture the information as outlined in Appendix B, Tracking of 

Federally-Certified Blasters. The FOs/FDs or BCC will conduct timely updates of the required 

tracking system information on OCBs within their jurisdiction as OCB status changes or 

blasting-related enforcement occurs. Updates will include issuance, suspension, revocation, 

expiration, and enforcement history related to each OCB. The BCC can assist with data entry 

issues, if needed, and answer questions about the type of information needed for required data 

fields. 
- 4 -

c. Enforcement Actions

(1) Flyrock occurrence indicates a potential for imminent danger--on site, if 

cast beyond the area of access control for the blasting area, and off-site, if it leaves the permit 

area or travels more than half the distance to the nearest dwelling or occupied structure. The 

occurrence of flyrock beyond the access control area for each blast on the permit area site is a 

violation of 30 CFR §816/817.67(a), because blasting was not conducted in a manner that would 

“prevent injury to persons.” Similarly, flyrock leaving the permit area is a violation of 30 CFR 

§816/817.67(a) because blasting was not conducted in a manner that would “prevent injury to 

persons, damage to public or private property outside the permit area.” 

. The OCB will, to the extent possible, be identified by 

name and certification number in the narrative of any OSM Notice of Violation (NOV) or 

Cessation Order (CO) issued to a state or Federal permittee as a result of blasting activity under 

the control of an OCB. Enforcement actions issued on state (consistent with oversight 

procedures) or Federal permits shall also include identification of the regulation, permit 

condition, or portion of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act cited and a detailed and 

complete description of the blasting event that is subject of the enforcement action. The 

appropriate FBW member or BCC shall provide FOs/FDs any necessary information to ensure 

the enforcement action and termination are consistent with this policy and reporting requirements 

for the BCTS. 

When a flyrock is discovered or reported beyond the area of access control or the permit 

boundary, authorized representatives shall take enforcement action consistent with either 30 CFR

§843.11(a)(1)(i) or 30 CFR §843.12(a). The appropriate remedial action shall include 

suspension of blasting activity at and adjacent to the source of flyrock (if possible to determine 

the source). If the flyrock source is evident, excavation of the fractured overburden from the 

shot (muck pile) shall also be suspended so that the flyrock cause may be investigated. 

Additionally, remedial action shall specify the likely cause of the flyrock and require a blasting 

plan, revised to preclude future flyrock, be submitted for review and approval by the regulatory 

authority. If the flyrock incident results in death, injury, or property damage, the authorized 

representative will immediately suspend the OCB certificate according to the provisions of 30 

CFR §955.17(a)(2). 

(2) Other enforcement actions against the OCB, such as inappropriate drug or 

alcohol use, blasting record falsification, and air blast or vibration exceedances causing off-site 

damage, etc., are discussed in Appendix C.

d. Suspension/Revocation. The FO/FD will coordinate with an FBW member or the 

BCC and Department of the Interior solicitors, as appropriate, to ensure consistent suspension or 

revocation of blaster certifications. The duration of suspensions must be commensurate with the 

cause of the action and what the OCB does to correct it. Suspensions should occur as soon as 

practicable when a blasting-related enforcement action is taken due to OCB willful conduct 

resulting in imminent harm to persons, the public, property, or the environment. Guidance is 

provided in Appendix C, Guidance for Determining the Nature and Duration of a Suspension, 

Revocation, or Other Action against a Federally-Certified Blaster. 
- 5 -

The OCB must be given the opportunity to request an informal hearing (30 CFR 955.17(b) and 

(c)). If the OCB requests a hearing, it will be conducted by the appropriate FO/FD within 30 

days before the final decision on the suspension/revocation action. The FO/FD will prepare the 

administrative record for OCB appeals of suspension/revocation to the IBLA. 

If/when notified by a state regulatory authority of suspension or revocation of state blaster 

certification that was the basis for a Federal blaster certification, the BCC will notify the FO/FD 

who conferred OCB status. The FO/FD will, in turn, take commensurate action (suspension, 

revocation, etc.) against the OCB in accordance with 30 CFR 955.17(f). The BCC will also alert 

states and other FOs/FDs of the suspension/revocation of an OCB’s certificate. 

7. Reporting Requirements. 

a. Certifications. The FO/FD will either complete the BCTS data entry or provide 

the BCC copies of applications, examination results, background verification, and other records 

related to the issuance of an OSM blaster certificate within 10 business days of granting OCB 

status. The BCC will send OSM blaster certificate expiration notices to the FO/FD within 90 

days of expiration dates.

b. Blaster Certificate Tracking System. The FOs/FDs or BCC will update the 

BCTS certification status (issuance, renewal, suspension, revocation, expiration, etc.) and 

blasting violation information within 10 business days of receipt of such documentation. The 

FOs/FDs or BCC will update the BCTS within 5 business days of suspension or revocation.

c. Suspension/Revocation. The FO/FD will provide written notification, by certified 

mail, to an OCB of any planned suspension/revocation action 30 days prior to a final decision 

per 30 CFR 955.17(b) and (c). If the OCB requests an informal hearing, the FO/FD will notify 

the OCB of the delay in decision until such time that the informal hearing is concluded. 

Following a decision, the FO/FD will either update the BCTS or notify the BCC, who will in 

turn update the BCTS. The BCC will notify all other FOs/FDs of any suspension/revocation 

actions against an OCB within 5 business days. The FOs/FDs and BCC will coordinate to assure 

state regulatory authorities are notified of certification suspensions/revocations as soon as 

practical so that commensurate state actions are taken against state-certified blasters. The BCC 

will contact FOs/FDs when notified of any state action against a state-certified blaster for 

misconduct.

d. Enforcement Actions Notification. FOs/FDs will enter the requisite information 

from blasting-related enforcement actions in the BCTS within 10 business days of issuance or 

provide the information to the BCC for entry. For enforcement actions involving imminent 

danger, including flyrock, the FO/FD will notify the appropriate Regional Director as soon as 

practicable. 

8. Effects on other documents. None

9. References. 30 U.S.C. §1265(b)(15), 1309; 30 CFR §§701.5, 816/817.61-68, 846, 850,

and 955 
- 6 -

10. Effective Date. Upon issuance

11. Distribution. By electronic format

12. Appendices. 

a. Appendix A: Application, Examination, and Issuance of OSM Blaster 

Certificates

b. Appendix B: Blaster Certification Tracking System

c. Appendix C: Guidance for Determining the Nature and Duration of a 

Suspension, Revocation, or Other Action against a Federally-Certified Blaster.

Contact: Appalachian Regional Director 
Appendix A

A-1

APPLICATION, EXAMINATION, AND ISSUANCE OF OSM BLASTER 

CERTIFICATES

I. Introduction. This appendix addresses the training, testing, and certification of blasters 

operating on Federal permits. The Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 

(SMCRA), 30 U.S.C. §1309, and regulations state that the regulatory authority is responsible for 

promulgating rules governing the training, testing, certification, and enforcement of an Office of 

Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSM) blaster certificate program for Federallypermitted surface coal mining operations. 

II. Objective. Establish blaster certification guidelines that will facilitate application, ensure 

training, establish objective examination, and guarantee prompt certificate issuance.

III. Background. Section 515(b)(15)(D) of SMCRA (30 U.S.C. §1265(b)(15)) states that the 

regulatory authority shall:

. . . require that all blasting operations be conducted by trained and competent 

persons as certified by the regulatory authority.

Section 719 of SMCRA states:

In accordance with this Act, the Secretary of the Interior (or the approved State 

regulatory authority as provided for in section 503 of this Act) shall promulgate 

regulations requiring the training, examination, and certification of persons 

engaging in or directly responsible for blasting or use of explosives in surface 

coal mining operations.

30 CFR §850 contains the permanent program template for regulatory programs (48 FR 9486, 

March 4, 1983). 30 CFR §955 establishes rules pursuant to 30 CFR §850 for the training, 

examination, and certification of blasters by OSM for surface coal mining operations in states 

with Federal programs and on Indian lands under Federal jurisdiction (51 FR 19444, May 29, 

1986). 

IV. Application and Fee. Form OSM-74 is the Application for an OSM Blaster Certificate 

in Federal program states and on Indian lands under Federal jurisdiction. The application must 

be submitted to the nearest OSM Field Office/Field Division (FO/FD). The FO/FD will verify 

training and experience information in the application and determine the completeness within 10 

business days. 

1. Fee: A fee must be submitted with the application as specified at 30 CFR 

§955.13. A check or money order must be made payable to “The Office of Surface Mining 

Reclamation and Enforcement.” The fee is good for one application and testing. If a person is 

required to reapply and retest, another fee will be paid. The fee is not refundable.

2. Experience: The application shall demonstrate the appropriate level of 

experience within the prior three years (30 CFR §955.11(b)).
Appendix A

A-2

(a) Issuance – worked for two years in any capacities as described in Section 

V.1 below.

(b) Reissuance or renewal – worked for one year in any capacities as 

described in Section V.1 below.

3. Conduct: The applicant must demonstrate a pattern of conduct consistent with 

the acceptance of responsibility for blasting operations (30 CFR §955.11(d)). This requirement 

will be met if the applicant has been deemed an Employee Possessor or Responsible Party by the 

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives under 27 CFR §555.11. 

4. Notification: The FO/FD will send a letter to the applicant scheduling an 

examination if the application is complete and demonstrates that the applicant is qualified. If the 

FO/FD cannot verify employment and training, the application cannot be approved.

V. Training: 30 CFR §955.12 lists the training requirements that an applicant must meet to 

obtain Federal blaster certification. The applicant for certification must have received on-the-job 

training, completed a training course, and obtained satisfactory evidence of having completed 

training. 

1. On-The-Job Training: 30 CFR §955.12(a)(1) states that an applicant for

certification “have received on-the-job training, including practical field experience in blasting 

operations, from a blaster or the equivalent for 2 out of the 3 years preceding the submission of 

his or her application.” OSM will accept as equivalent only that experience gained in activities 

that reasonably approximate the environment, procedures, shot size, and hazards of surface coal 

mining (51 FR 19448).

On-the-job training should be verifiable for 24 of the 36 months prior to application and may 

include:

o Practical field experience

o Design of blasts

o Software use

o Permit application (Blast Plan)

o Inventory

o Blast logs

o Drilling

30 CFR §955.12(a)(2) states that applicants for OSM Blaster Certificate “have obtained from the 

blaster or the equivalent, the relevant employer, or other knowledgeable source, satisfactory 

evidence of having received on-the-job training in accordance with paragraph(a)(1) of this 

section.”
Appendix A

A-3

FOs/FDs will contact by phone: (1) the blaster; (2) the equivalent person that provided the onthe-job training; (3) the blaster’s employer; or (4) the other knowledgeable source for 

verification of training.

2. Classroom Training and Duration: 30 CFR §955.12(b)(1) states that each 

applicant, within the two years prior to application for a certification, shall have completed a 

class that “. . . covers the technical aspects of blasting operations and State and Federal laws 

governing the storage, transportation and use of explosives, including the topics specified in 

§850.13(b) of this chapter.” Neither the rules nor the preamble define the depth of training or 

duration.

In order to cover all the subjects listed in 30 CFR §850.13(b), sufficient time should be given to 

present the course material and to allow the students to have enough time to practice solving 

problems. It is necessary for all certified blasters to acquire the knowledge and experience 

needed to perform their duties. The responsibility of the use of explosives in surface coal mining 

operations falls in the hands of the certified blaster; it is of critical importance that the blaster be 

adequately trained.

Considering the wide range of topics to be covered, a minimum 32-hour training session is 

recommended.

3. Completion of Training: 30 CFR §955.12.(b)(2) states that each applicant will 

have obtained from the training provider satisfactory evidence that he or she has completed 

training in accordance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section. 

Satisfactory evidence of completed training includes, but is not limited to: (1) Certificate of 

Attendance, (2) Letter of Attendance, or (3) Transcript with passing grade.

For the purpose of applying for a new OSM blaster certificate (i.e., taking the examination), this 

training requirement is met if the applicant has a valid blaster certification issued by one of the 

state regulatory authorities.

4. Available Training Classes: 30 CFR §955.12(c) states that “OSM shall ensure 

that courses are available as provided in §850.13(b) of this chapter to train persons subject to this 

part who are responsible for the use of explosives in surface coal mining operations.” 

The Federal rules require that OSM provides courses or otherwise makes certain that persons 

seeking a blaster certification are able to find the training needed. Neither SMCRA nor the 

Federal regulations at 30 CFR §955 specify or list the methods to be used and the degree of 

involvement by OSM. Across the Nation, training classes are available from explosive suppliers, 

universities, professional organizations, consultants, and states. “The regulatory authority may 

choose to accept outside courses, require combinations of MSHA and industry courses or 

provide its own training” (48 FR 9489, 51 FR 19449).
Appendix A

A-4

Applicants may contact the FOs/FDs for vendors that are capable of providing the required 

training of 30 CFR §955.12(c) or an applicant may submit a course outline for prior approval by 

the FO/FD.

5. Continuing Education: Applicants for reissuance of an OSM blaster certificate 

must show training that covers any significant changes in the topic areas of 30 CFR §850.13(b) 

unless OSM determines that no significant changes have occurred. Significant changes in 

blasting products, blast design processes, monitoring tools, and other items happen continuously.

Many blasting conferences that cover these topics are available annually throughout the country. 

The blaster must receive and complete at least 24 hours of continuing education within the 6 

years before application for reissuance of a blaster certificate. Acceptable continuing education 

courses will be determined by the FO/FD on a case-by-case basis.

VI. Examination: Once the applicant has met the training requirements, he/she must take a 

written examination as outlined at 30 CFR §955.14(a). 

1. Written Examination: The rules do not specify the language of the written 

examination. However, the preamble clearly states that the written examination should be in 

English. 

The laws and regulations governing blasting are written in the English language. 

All the information published by the Institute of Makers of Explosives on the safe 

storage, transportation and use of explosives is in the English language. In order 

to understand the technical specifications of explosives, prepare blast designs, 

submit required records, interpret safety notices and other information, and give 

on the job training to persons under his or her supervision; a blaster must be able 

to read and write the English language. The only way to adequately measure a 

candidate’s ability to understand these materials and do these things is through a 

written examination in the English language. (51 FR 19454)

Any written examination for OSM blaster certificate will be in the English language, and no 

person may take the examination more than 2 times in any 12-month period (30 CFR

§955.14(c)). 

2. Examination Content: 30 CFR §955.14(b)(2) states that:

The examination, at a minimum, shall cover the topics specified in 30 CFR 

§850.13(b) of this chapter, and shall include: 

 (i) Objective questions; 

 (ii) Blasting log problems; and

 (iii) Initiation system and delay sequence problems. 

As shown in Table 1 below, two fundamental categories of topics exist in 30 CFR §850.13(b): 

Technical and Regulatory. 
Appendix A

A-5

The Blaster Certificate Coordinator (BCC) will maintain a pool of questions categorized by the 

topics in Table 1 to ensure complete coverage of the required topics. From the question pool, the 

examination will consist of:

 Multiple choice questions

 80 to 90 questions

 100 points

 Single to five point questions

 A blast log completion problem

The examination will be formulated by the BCC. A 70 percent Technical/30 percent Regulatory 

split of exam questions will best establish blaster competency. Table 1 is an approximate 

guideline on the number of questions to be presented on each test for each category to place 

proper emphasis on the required topics, based on 90 questions. 

Table 1. Required examination subjects.

(30 CFR §850.13 Subject)

Technical Regulatory

1(i) Explosives – selection of type to be used 3

1(ii) Explosives – determination of the properties which will 

produce desired results at an acceptable level of risk

3

1(iii) Explosives – handling, transportation, and storage 2

2(i) Blast designs – geologic and topographic considerations 5

2(ii) Blast designs – design of a blast hole, with critical dimensions 8

2(iii) Blast designs – pattern design, field layout, and timing of 

blast holes

6

2(iv) Blast designs – field applications 8

3 Loading blastholes, including priming and boostering 5

4 Initiation systems and blasting machines 6

5 Blasting vibrations, airblast, and flyrock 3

5(i) Blasting vibrations, airblast, and flyrock – monitoring 

techniques

3

5(ii) Blasting vibrations, airblast, and flyrock – methods to control 

adverse affects

7
Appendix A

A-6

Table 1. (continued) Required examination subjects.

(30 CFR §850.13 Subjects) Technical Regulatory

6 Secondary blasting applications 1

7 Current Federal and State rules applicable to the use of 

explosives

3

8 Blast records 7

9 Schedules 2

10 Preblasting surveys 1

10(i) Preblasting surveys – availability 1

10(ii) Preblasting surveys – coverage 1

10(iii) Preblasting surveys – use of in-blast design 2

11 Blast-plan requirements 5

12 Certification and training 1

13 Signs, warning signals, and site control 4

14. Unpredictable hazard including Lightening, Stray currents, 

Radio waves, and Misfires

3

Total 63 27

Percent 70 30

3. Passing Score: 30 CFR §955.14 requires the applicant to pass a written 

examination for an OSM blaster certificate. Each applicant must demonstrate a satisfactory level 

of competency in blasting and in the use of explosives on surface coal mining operations in 

accordance with the Federal rules.

A minimum passing score of 80 percent on the written examination is necessary to demonstrate 

competency and achieve certification. 

VII. Certification

 

: Once an applicant has fulfilled the requirements of training and 

examination, the blaster obtains an OSM blaster certificate. The FO/FD will issue the 

certification within 20 days of the examination. 

1. Age: The applicant must be 21 years of age to become certified.
Appendix A

A-7

2. Certification Numbers: The certification number will begin with OSM and be 

followed with a Federal program state 900 number and a sequential number for that state. Use 

955 for Indian lands under Federal jurisdiction.

OSM - 9XX - XXXX.

3. Reciprocity: Reciprocity applicants will complete all items in the application 

(OSM-74). Once the application is deemed complete and certification in a state regulatory 

program is verified by the FO/FD, the applicant must obtain a photograph from the FO/FD. Two 

forms of ID will need to be presented.

4. OSM Blaster Certificate Duration: Each certificate will expire as described at 

30 CFR 955.15(c).

5. Photograph: A digital color photograph of each applicant will be taken at the 

time of testing for the OSM blaster certificate identification card. Each photograph will be good 

for 6 years. 

6. OSM Blaster Certificate Identification Card: The identification card will 

include:

• Certification number

• Color photograph

• Expiration date

• First, middle and last name

• Signature of the blaster

• Address

• Birth date

• Height

• Weight

• Color hair 

• Color eyes

• Issue date

• Title of Issuing officer

• Signature of issuing officer

• Certification type

o Issuance

o Renewal

o Reissuance

o Replacement

o Reciprocity

• Notes
Appendix A

A-8

o Notify OSM within 30 days of any change in address

o If found, drop in U.S. mail box: Office of Surface Mining, 1951 

Constitution Ave. NW, Washington, DC 20240 

o Property of the U.S. government, counterfeiting, alteration or misuse is a 

violation of Section 499 and 701, Title 18 U.S. Code
Appendix B

B-1

BLASTER CERTIFICATION

TRACKING SYSTEM

I. Introduction: The Blaster Certification Tracking System (BCTS) is a resource for 

Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act (SMCRA) regulatory program personnel to 

monitor blaster certifications nationally. As more blasters work in more than one state and more 

regulatory authorities (RA) engage in blaster certification reciprocity, the tracking system will 

help internally track state and Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSM)-

and state-certified blasters, facilitate reciprocity with other RAs, and deal with blasters who have 

poor performance histories. Furthermore, a tracking system will facilitate compliance 

inspections and notify blasters of upcoming expirations. State participation in the BCTS is 

voluntary.

II. Objective: Develop and maintain a tracking system to catalogue the status of Federal 

and state blaster certifications and blasting violations associated with blasters. The system 

should be easy to use, catalogue the minimum information necessary, and be readily available to 

mine inspectors. 

III. Background: The certification of blasters is an important regulatory function under 

SMCRA. Highly-trained and skilled blasters are crucial to ensure safe, efficient, and compliant 

blasts in coal mining operations. Properly-trained blasters can design and conduct blasts that use 

the best technology currently available, while meeting the regulatory performance standards of 

SMCRA. Highly-competent and successful blasters also maintain a responsible relationship with 

surrounding residents, thereby reducing the number of complaints. Each RA, including the 

OSM, is responsible for certifying blaster competence based upon the right mix of experience, 

training, and testing. 

An objective examination, with a good balance of technical and regulatory questions, is the 

backbone of the blaster certification program. After OSM certification (see Appendix A), a 

blaster is authorized to conduct blasting operations in any Federal program state or on Indian 

lands under Federal jurisdiction and may seek certifications from other RAs through reciprocal 

certification arrangements. OSM is responsible for tracking certifications and the performance 

of blasters operating within its jurisdiction. States who wish to participate in the BCTS may also 

track blaster performance and certification status using the BCTS. While most blasters 

successfully maintain spotless performance records, when appropriate, certifications must be 

suspended or revoked.

As reciprocity certifications increase, so too does the need for reliable, up-to-date information on 

the status of a blaster’s certification. Currently, if an application is received for reciprocity, a RA 

must contact OSM to verify certification. Then, OSM must manually search the certification 

files for the current status of blasters. A tracking system would facilitate certification reviews 

and performance history queries. Furthermore, a blaster certification tracking system would help 

identify irresponsible blasters from repeating poor performance in other OSM regions. 

For some RAs, when a certification is issued through reciprocity, they require continued 

certification (i.e., renewed, in good standing, etc.) in the original issuing jurisdiction. If OSM or 
Appendix B

B-2

the states suspend or revoke certification, RAs and Field Offices/Field Divisions (FO/FD) with 

reciprocal certifications need to know about that action to ensure that blasters with poor 

performance histories are either retrained or banned from blasting at coal mines in other 

locations. The RAs depend upon the assistance and cooperation of OSM to carry out this part of 

their program. 

IV. Tracking Fields: Data fields included in the tracking system are the minimum necessary 

to identify the current status of a blaster and track their performance. Most of the information is 

required on the Application for OSM Blaster Certificate (OSM-74). The data will be maintained 

by the either the FO/FD or the OSM Blasting Certification Coordinator (BCC).

1. Certification Number – OSM blaster certificate number issued by the FO/FD in 

the form of OSM-9XX-XXX as described in Appendix A or state-issued certificate number;

2. First, middle, and last name – From the application;

3. Address, City, State, Zip code – From the application;

4. Day/Home Phone Numbers – Day and home telephone numbers from the 

application;

5. ID card - Original or if original is lost, replacement card;

6. Certification Status – Active, Suspended, Revoked, Expired as documented in 

the official certification file;

7. Certificate Type - Issue, Renewal, Reissuance, Reciprocity as documented in the 

official certification file;

8. Issue Date– The date the FO/FD signs the certification card;

9. Expiration Date – As determined by Appendix A and documented in the 

official certification file;

10. Reciprocal state – If the Federal certification is based on reciprocity, designate 

the state of reciprocity;

11. Reciprocal State Card ID Number - If the OSM blaster certificate is based on 

reciprocity, designate the state certification number; 

12. Reciprocal Card Expiration Date - If the OSM blaster certificate is based on 

reciprocity, designate the state certification expiration date; and

13. Performance History – The FO/FD or BCC will enter pertinent performance 

information relevant to the blaster’s certification. Any information described in this section must
Appendix B

B-3

be documented in the blaster’s official certification file as discussed in Appendix C of this 

directive. The field may include:

a. Initial certification date;

b. Enforcement actions associated with the blaster, to include enforcement 

action number, regulation citation, brief description;

c. Letter of Admonishment date and brief description;

d. Suspension date and brief description:

i. Immediate,

ii. Conditional – describe the condition(s) of re-activation,

iii. Definite time – list the time; and

e. Revocation date and brief description.

V. Access: Access to the tracking system will be given to the following people with the 

rights commensurate to their responsibility.

1. BCC;

2. Regional blasting specialists (members of the Federal Blasting Workgroup);

3. FO/FD personnel responsible for granting certifications;

4. Federal and authorized state inspection personnel - The tracking system data will 

be viewable to all OSM inspection staff;

 

5. Supervisors of Federal program states and Indian lands under Federal jurisdiction; 

and

6. State blasting coordinators/managers/supervisors, as requested.

Each time the status of a blaster changes or the performance history is modified, the BCTS will 

be updated and a broadcast notice sent by the BCC to all supervisors responsible for Federal 

program states or Indian lands under Federal jurisdiction and RA counterparts.

VI. Individual Blaster Files: The blaster may request, in writing, a copy of their 

consolidated tracking system file from the FO/FD or Blaster Certificate Coordinator at any time.
Appendix C

C-5

GUIDANCE FOR DETERMINING THE NATURE AND DURATION 

OF A SUSPENSION, REVOCATION, OR OTHER ACTION

AGAINST A FEDERALLY-CERTIFIED BLASTER

I. Introduction

30 CFR §955.17(a)(l) authorizes and, in the event of a finding of willful conduct, mandates OSM 

to suspend, revoke, or take other necessary action against blaster certification for any of the 

reasons at 30 CFR §850.15(b) or 30 CFR §955.17(a)(2). A finding of willful conduct is not 

requisite for suspension or revocation of blaster certification; however, if a determination of 

willful conduct is made, OSM is obligated to suspend or revoke a certification. In addition, 

OSM is required to make the nature and duration of the suspension, revocation, or other action 

commensurate with the cause of the violation and any remediation actions taken by the 

certificate holder (30 CFR §955.17(a)(3)). Provisions are included at 30 CFR §955.17(b)-(f) for 

written notice and opportunity for a hearing, notification of decision, and opportunity for appeal, 

surrender of certificate, re-instatement and re-issuance of certificate, and conformity with state 

action. 

: OSM Field Offices/Field Divisions (FO/FD) are responsible for 

suspension or revocation of OSM blaster certificates as authorized at 30 CFR §955.17. 

The suspension and revocation regulations address actions directed toward protecting persons, 

the public, and property from irresponsible actions by OSM-Certified Blasters (OCB). By 

statute and regulation, OSM issues notices of violation (NOV) and cessation orders (CO) only to 

the permittee. The certified blaster is the only individual, other than the permittee, who OSM 

holds responsible for specific day-to-day mining activities and against who OSM may take direct 

actions for violating certain regulations. Consequently, when OSM grants an OCB the right and 

responsibility for handling and discharging explosives, that right may be also revoked or 

suspended by a FO/FD or authorized representative should an OCB’s conduct become 

irresponsible or inappropriate.

II. Reasons for Certification Actions: 30 CFR §955.17(a)(l) incorporates by reference the 

reasons cited at 30 CFR §850.15(b) for suspension and revocation, or other necessary actions 

taken against an OCB. These reasons, and a brief discussion of their implications, follow: 

A. Noncompliance with any order or permit condition of the regulatory authority. 

This includes failure or refusal to follow the blast plan of the permit or comply with any order 

issued by an authorized representative of OSM to the permittee, operator, or the blaster himself. 

B. Unlawful use in the workplace of, or current addiction to, alcohol, narcotics or 

other dangerous drugs. The use of alcohol and narcotics at mine sites is explicitly prohibited. 

Whenever an inspector witnesses a blaster who is not in effective control during blasting 

activities due to intoxicants and makes a determination that unsafe conditions are present or 

likely to occur, the inspector is obligated under 30 CFR §955.17(a)(2) to immediately suspend 

the blaster’s certification. 
Appendix C

C-2

C. Violation of any provision of the state or Federal explosives laws or regulations. 

This includes failure to comply with the OSM performance standards and blaster certification 

regulations, Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) regulations concerning storage and 

use of explosives, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) regulations 

governing explosives storage, and any state explosives laws. 

D. Providing false, omitting, or misrepresenting information in order to obtain a 

Federal blaster certification.

E. In addition to the four reasons for certification suspension or revocation listed 

above, 30 CFR §955.17(a)(2) authorizes the regulatory authority to immediately suspend the 

certificate of a blaster if OSM has information that demonstrates that the storage, transportation, 

or use of explosives by that blaster is likely to threaten public safety or the environment.

III. Suspension/Revocation of OCBs

A. Official Admonishment: The FO/FD sends a letter to the OCB noting that a 

blasting-related event with which they were associated resulted in an enforcement action to the 

permittee and an entry in their official OCB file. The letter will include language warning the 

OCB that, if additional blasts for which they are responsible result in enforcement actions, OSM 

may have grounds to suspend or revoke their certification. 

: While all NOVs and COs that result from blasting are 

issued to the permittee, there are six types of actions that may be taken against a certified blaster: 

B. Immediate suspension: A blaster’s certification may be immediately 

suspended on site by an authorized representative of the Secretary in the event that an imminent 

harm situation exists relative to blaster conduct that poses a serious threat to persons, public 

safety, or the environment. Because the action is taken without notice, this suspension cannot 

exceed 90 days before an informal hearing and final decision for suspension or revocation by the 

FO/FD. 

C. Indefinite suspension: Following written notice, opportunity for an informal 

hearing and final decision by the FO/FD, an indefinite suspension may be imposed upon the 

blaster's certification. The suspension is conditioned upon the completion of remedial actions by 

the blaster (e.g., retraining or retesting). The FO/FD may specify a time period within which the 

remedial actions must be completed. 

In the event that the remedial actions are completed and verified by the FO/FD, with the advice 

of an appropriate member of the Federal Blasting Workgroup (FBW), the certification will be 

reinstated. If the remedial actions are not met within the lesser of the specified time period, one 

year, or the expiration date of the certificate, the FO/FD may consider revocation. 

D. Suspension for a definite time period: Following notice, opportunity for an 

informal hearing, and final decision by the FO/FD, the FO/FD will specify the ending date of the 

suspension. Special conditions or remedial actions may also be attached to this type of 

enforcement action. Following completion of the suspension time period and any attendant 
Appendix C

C-3

remedial measures required of the blaster, the certificate will be reinstated. 

The time period of the suspension will depend upon the nature and severity of the blaster's 

actions. Consideration should also be given to the blaster's past performance history and the 

possibility of an over-riding decision by the employer. The period of suspension should not 

exceed one year. If the FO/FD, with the advice of an appropriate member of the FBW, considers 

the blaster's actions serious enough to warrant a suspension in excess of one year or past the date 

of certificate expiration, it is more appropriate to revoke the certificate. 

E. Revocation: Revocation of blaster certification may be chosen by the FO/FD 

following written notice and opportunity for a hearing. Generally, this type of action is for the 

most serious blaster violations or selected in lieu of a suspension having a time period that 

extends past the expiration date of the certificate or exceeds one year. If revocation takes place, 

the blaster must return the certification card to OSM. 

F. Other actions: Examples of such actions may include, but are not limited to 

referral to another agency, such as the ATF for criminal action or the MSHA for worker safety 

issues. 

G. Conformance with state actions: If a blaster receives a Federal certification 

through reciprocity with a state and the state suspends or revokes the state certification, then 

OSM must revoke the OSM blaster certificate (30 CFR §955.17(f)). Conversely, notification 

should be provided to the appropriate state when OSM takes action against an OCB certified 

through reciprocity.

IV. Discussion

A. An authorized representative discovers a blasting violation. 

: A general sequence of events that may occur as a result of a blasting 

violation is outlined below: 

B. The permittee is issued an NOV or CO. 

C. The blaster's name and OSM certification number are noted in the narrative of the

NOV or CO. The authorized representative documents the circumstances of the violation for 

inclusion in the official master blaster file. In the event of an imminent harm situation, a 

statement of immediate suspension of certification may be attached to the remedial action section 

of the CO. 

D. The FO/FD shall ensure that a copy of the NOV or CO is included in the OCB 

master file and that the Blaster Certification Tracking System is updated with the violation 

information. 

E. The blaster receives notification that such documentation has been noted in his 

file from the FO/FD. In the event that OSM is considering suspension, revocation, or issued an 

immediate suspension of certification on site, the blaster is notified of the opportunity for an 

informal hearing prior to final decision. 
Appendix C

C-4

F. The FO/FD makes a final decision and notifies the blaster by certified mail of 

that decision within 30 days of the hearing or, in the case of immediate suspension of 

certification on site, within 90 days of the immediate suspension. The blaster is notified of the 

right to appeal the decision to the Department of the Interior Board of Land Appeals under 43 

CFR §§4.1280 to 4.1286. 

G. The Blaster Certificate Coordinator coordinates with the FO/FDs responsible for 

the certification action to notify the appropriate FO/FDs and state RAs of OSM's enforcement 

action. 

V. Reference Tables: The following tables are designed to provide guidance when 

determining appropriate enforcement action related to suspension or revocation of Federallycertified blasters. The tables are not all inclusive, but contain a number of sample violations or 

infractions that represent situations in which enforcement action against the blaster is 

appropriate.
Appendix C

C-5

OCB ENFORCEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH VIOLATION OF PERFORMANCE STANDARDS 

OR PERMIT CONDITIONS

VIOLATION Citation Source

30 CFR§

Seriousness

Appropriate Enforcement Action

Min Mod Maj

A. Noncompliance With Any 

Order or Permit Condition of 

the Regulatory Authority.

-Failure to abate a NOV for an 

administrative violation (e.g., 

erroneous recordkeeping).

-Failure to cease blasting 

operations in the face of a CO 

(e.g., failure to control site access).

-Not following the operation plan 

for blasting in the permit.

955.17(a)(1),

850.15(b)(1)(i)

816/817.68

816/817.66(c)

780.13

X

X

X

X

X

X

Official admonishment to suspension

Immediate suspension

Official Admonishment to revocation
Appendix C

C-6

OCB ENFORCEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH VIOLATION OF PERFORMANCE STANDARDS 

OR PERMIT CONDITIONS

VIOLATION Citation Source

30 CFR§

Seriousness

Appropriate Enforcement Action

Min Mod Maj

B. Unlawful Use in the 

Workplace of, or Current 

Addiction to, Alcohol, Narcotics, 

Or Other Dangerous Drugs.

-Intoxicated while engaging in 

blasting operations.

-Consuming alcoholic beverages 

while conducting blasting 

operations.

-Drug impaired

955.17(a)(1),

850.15(b)(1)(ii)

955.17(a)(2)

955.17(a)(2)

955.17(a)(2)

X

X

X

Notification to appropriate MSHA, ATF and State agencies.

Immediate suspension.

Immediate suspension.

Immediate suspension

C. Storage/Transportation.

-Improper storage of high 

explosives (e.g., detonators & 

explosives in same container).

816.61(a),

817.61(a)

X X

Action taken upon certification dependent upon ultimate 

responsibility for storage and a violation by ATF or MSHA. 

Conditional suspension or revocation. 

MSHA 30 CFR 77.1300

ATF 27 CFR 55.21(b), 55.164
Appendix C

C-7

OCB ENFORCEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH VIOLATION OF PERFORMANCE STANDARDS 

OR PERMIT CONDITIONS

VIOLATION Citation Source

30 CFR§

Seriousness

Appropriate Enforcement Action

Min Mod Maj

D. Use of Explosives

-Failure to control flyrock.

-Improper calculation of weight of 

explosives per 8-millisecond delay 

period/exceeding ground vibration 

limits/exceeding airblast limits.

-Inaudible warning signals.

-Blasting outside the blasting 

schedule.

-Site Access control.

-Preblast surveys not complete.

816/817.67(c)

955.11(d)

816/817.66(b)

816/817.64

816/817.66(c)

816/817.61

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

Immediate suspension to revocation.

Official admonishment to suspension.

Official admonishment.

Official admonishment.

Immediate suspension to revocation.

Official admonishment.
Appendix C

C-8

OCB ENFORCEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH VIOLATION OF PERFORMANCE STANDARDS 

OR PERMIT CONDITIONS

VIOLATION Citation Source

30 CFR§

Seriousness

Appropriate Enforcement Action

Min Mod Maj

E. Blasting Records

-Failure to note maximum weight of 

explosives per delay.

-Failure to make a written record of 

any blast.

-Failure to attach a blasting 

seismograph record when required.

-Incomplete blasting records.

816/817.6(k)

816/817.68

816/817.68

816/817.68

X

X

X

X

X

Official admonishment to suspension.

Immediate suspension.

Official admonishment.

Official admonishment to suspension.

F. Storage, Transportation, or Use 

of Explosives is Likely to Threaten 

Public Safety or the Environment.

-Flyrock injures employee or private 

citizen

-Fumes harm people.

-Flyrock damages property outside 

the permit area.

-Failure to control site access that 

results in injury.

955.17(a)(2)

816/817.67(a)

816/817.67(a)

816/817.67(a)

816/817.67(a)

X

X

X

X

Immediate suspension.

Immediate suspension.

Immediate suspension.

Immediate suspension.
Appendix C

C-9

OCB ENFORCEMENT BASED SOLEY ON REQUIREMENTS AND CONDITIONS OF 30 CFR §955

VIOLATION Citation Source

30 CFR§

Seriousness

Appropriate Enforcement Action

Min Mod Maj

G. Certification Conditions

-Failure to report lost certificate.

-Refusal to show certification card 

to inspector.

-Improper delegation of 

responsibility.

-Loss of ATF authorization as an 

Employee Possessor or 

Responsible Party (conduct not 

consistent with the responsibility 

for blasting operations). 

955.15(f)

955.15(f)

955.15(f)

955.11(d)

X

X X

X

X

Official admonishment with condition to obtain a 

replacement certificate.

Official admonishment.

Suspension for a definite period.

Immediate suspension.
Appendix C

C-10

OCB ENFORCEMENT BASED SOLELY ON REQUIREMENTS AND CONDITIONS OF 30 CFR §955

VIOLATION Citation Source

30 CFR§

Seriousness

Appropriate Enforcement Action

Min Mod Maj

H. Providing False Information 

Or A Misrepresentation To 

Obtain A Certification.

-Providing misrepresentation 

concerning experience.

-Providing false information 

concerning age.

-Providing false information on a 

training course.

955.17(a)(1),

850.15(b)(1)(iv)

955.11(b)

955.11(a)

955.12(b)

X

X

X

SMCRA, Section 518(g) provides criminal penalties for 

providing false information or representation on any 

application or other document pursuant to a Federal or 

Federal Lands program.

Immediate suspension.

Immediate suspension.

Immediate suspension.