*This order and judgment is not binding precedent, except under the

doctrines of law of the case, res judicata, and collateral estoppel. This court

generally disfavors the citation of orders and judgments; nevertheless, an order

and judgment may be cited under the terms and conditions of 10th Cir. R. 36.3.

F I L E D

United States Court of Appeals

Tenth Circuit

MAR 7 2003

PATRICK FISHER

Clerk

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS

TENTH CIRCUIT

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,

Plaintiff - Appellee,

v.

ROBERT JAY BERNHARDT,

Defendant - Appellant.

No. 02-1260

(D.C. Nos. 01-S-344 

and 96-CR-203-S)

(D. Colorado)

ORDER AND JUDGMENT*

Before TACHA , Chief Judge, McWILLIAMS , Senior Circuit Judge, and

McKAY , Circuit Judge.

After examining the briefs and the appellate record, this three-judge panel

has determined unanimously that oral argument would not be of material

assistance in the determination of this appeal. See Fed. R. App. P. 34(a)(2); 10th

Cir. R. 34.1(G). The case is therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.
1

 In his brief, Mr. Bernhardt adopts the facts as set forth in our direct

review of his appeal, United States v. Bernhardt, 198 F.3d 259 (10th Cir. 1999). 

We do the same.

-2-

Following a jury trial,1 Mr. Bernhardt was convicted of conspiracy to

possess with intent to distribute methamphetamine, in violation of 21 U.S.C.

§§ 841(a)(1) & (b)(1)(A), 846 (count 1); possession and the attempted possession

with intent to distribute a controlled substance, and aiding and abetting, in

violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) & (b)(1)(A), 18 U.S.C. § 2 (counts 2 and 9);

and using or carrying a firearm in connection with a drug trafficking offense, in

violation of 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1), 18 U.S.C. § 924(c) (counts 3 and 10).

We affirmed Mr. Bernhardt’s conviction on direct appeal. United States v.

Bernhardt, 198 F.3d 259 (10th Cir. 1999). He now seeks a certificate of

appealability (COA) to pursue his appeal of the district court’s denial of his

petition for a writ of habeas corpus filed pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255. 

Determining that Mr. Bernhardt has not met the statutory requirements, we deny

his application and dismiss the appeal.

To be entitled to a COA, Petitioner must make “a substantial showing of

the denial of a constitutional right.” 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2). He can make this

showing by establishing that “reasonable jurists could debate whether (or, for that

matter, agree that) the petition should have been resolved in a different manner or

that the issues presented were adequate to deserve encouragement to proceed
2

 Mr. Bernhardt raised a third argument in his Notice of Appeal in the

district court, under Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000). Although his

COA brief in this court does not mention his Apprendi argument, the district court

properly noted that Apprendi claims may not be considered on collateral view. 

United States v. Mora, 293 F.3d 1213, 1219 (10th Cir. 2002) (“Apprendi is not a

watershed decision and hence is not retroactively applicable to initial habeas

petitions.”).

-3-

further.” Slack v. McDaniel, 529 U.S. 473, 484 (2000) (quotation omitted).

Mr. Bernhardt raises two arguments2

 in his COA brief: (1) the indictment

violated the Double Jeopardy Clause of the Fifth Amendment; and (2) Bernhardt’s

trial counsel was ineffective in violation of his Sixth Amendment rights. We

consider each contention in turn.

Mr. Bernhardt failed to raise his double jeopardy claims on direct review. 

When considering a habeas petition, we are barred from considering claims that

were not raised on direct appeal, absent a showing of cause and prejudice, or a

miscarriage of justice. United States v. Allen, 16 F.3d 377, 378 (10th Cir. 1994). 

Because Mr. Bernhardt has failed to make such a showing, his claims are

procedurally barred. Further, in reviewing Mr. Bernhardt’s argument, we find no

merit to his claim of a double jeopardy violation. 

We also conclude that Mr. Bernhardt did not receive ineffective assistance

of counsel for substantially the reasons set forth by the district court. Mr.

Bernhardt failed to make the requisite showing of “prejudice,” as required by

Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984).
-4-

The application for a certificate of appealability is therefore DENIED. 

ENTERED FOR THE COURT,

Deanell Reece Tacha

Chief Circuit Judge