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1. Table of Contents

1. Executive summary ................................................................................................................. 4

2. Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 5

3. Use Characterization ............................................................................................................... 6

A. Thiophanate methyl as a Conventional Active Ingredient: Products and Uses ............... 6

B. Carbendazim Use as a Conventional Active Ingredient for Tree Injection ..................... 7

C. Carbendazim Industrial Uses as an Active Ingredient (MBC) ......................................... 7

D. Carbendazim Antimicrobial Products .............................................................................. 7

E. Overall Status of Product Labels ...................................................................................... 7

F. Usage.................................................................................................................................... 8

2. Conclusions from Previous Risk Assessments ..................................................................... 10

A. Decisions from Previous Reregistration Actions ........................................................... 10

Thiophanate Methyl Assessments......................................................................................... 10

Antimicrobial Assessments - Carbendazim .......................................................................... 13

Carbendazim Assessments .................................................................................................... 13

B. Ecological Risks ............................................................................................................. 14

C. Drinking Water Exposure ............................................................................................... 14

D. Clean Water Act Programs ............................................................................................. 15

3. Environmental Fate and Transport........................................................................................ 15

A. Fate Properties of Residues of Concern ......................................................................... 15

B. Transformation Products ................................................................................................ 22

4. Receptors............................................................................................................................... 24

A. Aquatic Toxicity of Thiophanate methyl ....................................................................... 24

B. Aquatic Toxicity of MBC .............................................................................................. 25

C. Terrestrial Toxicity of Thiophanate methyl ................................................................... 26

D. Terrestrial Toxicity of MBC .......................................................................................... 27

E. Additional Effects .......................................................................................................... 28

F. Ecological Incidents ........................................................................................................... 28

5. Exposure Pathways of Concern ............................................................................................ 29

6. Analysis Plan ........................................................................................................................ 30

A. Stressors of Concern....................................................................................................... 31

Ecological Risk Assessment ................................................................................................. 31

Drinking Water ..................................................................................................................... 32

B. Measures of Exposure .................................................................................................... 33

C. Measures of Effect ......................................................................................................... 33

D. Endangered Species Assessments .................................................................................. 35

E. Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program ....................................................................... 35

7. Preliminary Identification of Data Gaps ............................................................................... 35

A. Environmental Fate ........................................................................................................ 35

B. Effects ............................................................................................................................. 40

8. References ............................................................................................................................. 47
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9. Appendices ............................................................................................................................ 50

A. SIP and STIR Results ..................................................................................................... 50

B. Structures of Thiophanate Methyl and Degradates ........................................................ 55

C. OPPIN Bibliography of Environmental Fate and Ecological Effects Studies Submitted 

to support the Registrations of Thiophanate Methyl or MBC .................................................. 57

102001 Thiophanate methyl Eco Effects Bibliography ........................................................ 57

128872 Carbedazim (MBC) Eco Effects Bibliography ........................................................ 68

102001 Thiophanate-methyl Fate Chemistry Bibliography ................................................. 73

128872 Carbendazim Fate Chemistry Bibliography ............................................................. 81

D. ACTIVE Registrations For 102001 / 23564-05-8 / Thiophanate-methyl ........................ 88

E. Active Registrations for 128872 / 10605-21-7 / Carbendazim\ ..................................... 98

 
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1. Executive summary 

The Environmental Fate and Effects Division (EFED) and the Antimicrobial Division (AD)have 

completed the preliminary problem formulation for the ecological risk, environmental fate, 

endangered species, and drinking water assessments to be conducted as part of the registration 

review of Thiophanate methyl [Dimethyl((1,2,-phenylene)bis(iminocarbonothioyl))bis 

(carbamate) and carbendazim (methyl benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate). In this document, 

Thiophanate methyl is referred to as “TF” and Carbendazim as “MBC” noting that TM is the 

active ingredient of many formulated products while MBC is the are active ingredient for only 

limited conventional and antimicrobial products in addition to being the primary (and 

fungicidally active) degradate of TM. This problem formulation describes the methods EFED 

and AD plan to use during the completion of drinking water and ecological risk assessments in 

support of registration review and provides an overview of the environmental fate, ecological 

effects, and potential risks associated with the use of the two fungicides, as well as uncertainties 

unique to their risk assessment. This document also identifies additional studies that would be 

beneficial to the conduct of an ecological risk assessment. 

Major findings are: 

(1) Several key studies for environmental fate and transport for the two chemicals appear to be 

incomplete by current guideline standards and / or need to be supplemented with studies at 

additional test sites to fully understand the environmental fate of TM and MBC 

a. 835.2120, Hydrolysis. Existing studies for TM and MBC will be re-reviewed. An 

additional test at 35 C is also required for MBC to provide additional data on the 

hydrolysis rate. 

b. 835.4100, Aerobic soil metabolism. Existing studies do not adequately describe the 

formation and decline of TM metabolites and there are insufficient studies with MBC 

applied. New studies are requested for both TM and MBC in three new test soils. 

c. 835.4200 and 835.4300, Aerobic aquatic metabolism and anaerobic aquatic 

metabolism. Aerobic aquatic and anaerobic aquatic metabolism. New studies are 

requested for both TM and MBC in three new test sediment and water systems. 

d. 835.1230. Batch equilibrium adsorption / desorption. An updated review will be 

conducted of a previously submitted study (MRID 42351001) which includes batch 

equilibrium adsorption /desorption studies for TM, MBC, and other metabolites of 

TM. Pending the outcome of this review, a new study may be required. 

(2) Updated environmental chemistry methods (ECMs) for TM and MBC in water and soil is 

required along with their associated independent laboratory validations (ILVs); 

(3) The database is incomplete for Thiophanate methyl in areas of chronic toxicity. At this time, 

no additional data are requested as the chronic data for its degradate MBC will be utilized. 

This is based on the assumption that chronic toxicity of TM is related to long-term exposure 

to MBC, the major and terminal degradate of TM; 

(4) Toxicity to aquatic plants are requested (guideline studies: 850.4400, 850.4500 and 

850.4550) for the MBC degradate to assess potential impacts to this group. This is based on 

the expected concentrations of MBC in the aquatic environment; 
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(5) Whole sediment toxicity test for aquatic invertebrates are requested (guideline studies: 

850.1735 and 850.1740). This is based on Koc values > 1000 for MBC and the expectation 

that this degradate will reach both fresh and estuarine/marine habitats from current uses; 

(6) The environmental fate and transport database is sufficient and complete for most of the 

antimicrobial uses except where non-guideline leaching studies are required for the following 

use scenarios: 

a. Exterior paint coated surfaces 

b. Wood protective stains 

c. Roof coatings 

d. Treated textiles 

2. Introduction 

This preliminary problem formulation is in support of the Registration Review of Thiophanate 

Methyl (TM) and Carbendazim (MBC). In this problem formulation, TM and MBC will be 

considered as two independent pesticides for products containing either TM or MBC. Due to the 

fact that MBC is the major degradation product of TM, MBC will also be considered in the PF 

for TM. 

TM was first registered as a pesticide in the U.S. in 1973. MBC has been registered as an 

independent active ingredient since 1968. It is noted, however, that the extent and variety of 

registered uses for TM is much greater than MBC. Both TM and MBC are in the benzimidazole 

class of systemic fungicide that is absorbed by sprouts, leaves, and roots of plants and 

translocated within the transpiration system in plant xylem. 

TM and MBC inhibit the development of fungal germ tubes, the formation of appressoria, and 

the growth of mycelia. Their fungi toxic action is based on blockage (inhibition) of nuclear 

division during mitosis and destabilization of fungal cell structures. MBC interferes with cell 

division and DNA biosynthesis in fungi and has been shown to be genetically toxic through 

inhibition of the spindle apparatus in cell division. 

In the environment, TM is expected to degrade rapidly to its primary degradate methyl 2-

benzimidazolylcarbamate (MBC)1

. EFED assumes that the initial, acute short-term exposure 

(after application of TM) may either the parent TM or MBC (since the half-life for conversion 

from TM to MBC may be from less than one day to several days by various environmental 

pathways) and that long-term chronic exposure will involve the MBC degradate. Though TM 

shows only moderate toxicity to most fish and invertebrate species (LC50 values of 1.1-49.5 mg 

a.i/L (ppm) for acute toxicity to technical), MBC has been observed to be more highly toxic with 

acute LC50 toxicity values as low as 10 μg a.i/L (ppb) for fish and observed chronic effects at 

concentrations as low as 2.1 ppb for fish and 25 ppb for aquatic invertebrates. For species that 

are much more sensitive on an acute basis to MBC than TM, acute and chronic effects are more 

likely to occur after TM is converted to MBC. 

 

1

 Note that in many of the source documents cited here MBC is often referred to as carbendazim. 
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3. Use Characterization 

Summaries of the active product registrations for thiophanate methyl and carbendazim are 

provided in Appendix D and E, respectively. 

A. Thiophanate methyl as a Conventional Active Ingredient: 

Products and Uses 

Labeled use patterns for TM fungicide on agricultural food and feed crops are represented by 

over ninety five active end-use products containing up to 85% of the active ingredient TM in 

product formulations. In addition, twelve new products are pending. Seventy four of the 

products are formulated with the single active ingredient TM while twenty nine are multi active 

mixtures with other fungicides including Chlorothalonil, Mancozeb, Iprodione, Tebuconazole, 

Propiconazole, Etridiazole, Flutolanil, Captan, Cymoxanil, and Pyraclostrobin. Many of the 

products contain less TM than the other active components which may range up to 72% of the 

mixture. Preliminary review of current labels by EPA has shown some products that permit 

yearly rates as high as 2.8 lbs a.i/A on food crops divided into 2 to 4 separate applications (EPA 

Reg. No. 73545-11). 

In addition to use on a wide variety of agricultural food and feed crops, registered uses also 

include non-food/feed use sites such as golf courses, sod farms, greenhouses and nurseries. TM 

has also registered residential uses on lawns, ornamental trees, shrubs, and plants. Preliminary 

review of current labels by EPA has shown that residential and commercial turf application rates 

may range from 2.7 to over 8.1 lbs a.i /application with seasonal limits of 2.7 lbs a.i on golf 

course fairways to 21.7 lbs a.i on tees and greens (EPA Reg. No. 1001-63). In general, 14 day 

application intervals are recommended. 

Treatment equipment for TM products includes aircraft and ground equipment. Ground 

equipment includes drench, flood and drip irrigation systems. The products may be applied by 

soil application, seed treatment and foliar application. 

TM is applied as preventive and/or curative fungicide to combat large variety of primary target 

pests including blight (blossom, gummy stem, stem end, shoot, pod, stem, tip, brown needle and 

leaf), certain algae, various rot species (brown, black, white, storage, bulls-eye, charcoal, clove, 

foot, crown, fruit and jacket), scab (apple scab) mildews ( black pox, flyspeck, powdery), sooty 

blotch, molds (blue, gray and white varieties), numerous species of spot (target, early leaf, late 

leaf, liver, brown, frog-eye, cherry leaf , eye Brook’s fruit and downy), as well as web blotch, 

rust, leaf scorch, smut and fusarium species. 
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B. Carbendazim Use as a Conventional Active Ingredient for Tree 

Injection 

Currently MBC is only registered as a conventional active ingredient for use as a tree injection 

application to ornamental trees. There are three active Section 3 products containing MBC 

(ImisolTM 7946-21, AbasolTM 7946-20, and FungisolTM 7946-14). All three products are coformulated with debacarb/2-EEEBC (PC 115001; CAS # 62732-91-6). In addition, ImisolTM is 

co-formulated with imidacloprid (PC 129099, CAS # 138264-41-3) and AbasolTM is coformulated with avermectin (PC 122804, CAS # 71751-41-2). 

All three MBC-containing products consist of 4 or 6 mL (product) capsules that are injected via a 

closed micro-injection system consisting of a feeder tube and compressible injector unit (the 

“Mauget System”)2. The maximum number of capsules allowed per treatment is determined by 

the size of the tree as measured by the diameter at breast height (DBH). MBC comprises 0.3% 

(w/w) of all three products. 

C. Carbendazim Industrial Uses as an Active Ingredient (MBC) 

Carbendazim is registered for use as an industrial microbiocide and broad spectrum 

fungistat/algaecide to control or inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and algae, respectively, in 

exterior paints, stains, masonry coatings, coatings, exterior insulation and finishing systems 

(EIFS) coatings, paper coatings, inks, textiles, size-press and other filler/sealant solutions for 

non-food grade products, building materials, roof coatings, stucco and joint cements, cement 

admixtures, concrete admixtures, and gypsum board, plastics (PVC), wood protective stains, 

solvent based wood protective stains, adhesives, grouts, plasters, sealants, caulks, fillers, 

architectural products, finishes and special purpose coatings, plastic mills such as wood 

composites, piping and gaskets 

D. Carbendazim Antimicrobial Products 

MBC is included in 12 products from 4 companies when used for fungicidal protection in paints 

and coatings and is produced by two companies as technical ingredient containing 7.5 % to 99 % 

of the MBC. 

E. Overall Status of Product Labels 

As stated in the previous four sections, there are many labeled use patterns for TM and for MBC. 

A review of some of the labels shows that most of the information needed for future modeling is 

present. However, OPP requests registrants to review their respective labels and provide all 

missing information. The label should include the following information: the maximum single 

application rate in lbs a.i/A; the maximum number of applications/year; the minimum application 

 

2 http://www.mauget.com/index.cfm?PageID=12&gen2 
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intervals; application procedure(s); application timing and all of the application restrictions, if 

any. In case of any of the information is missing, EFED / AD will use the most conservative 

parameters that may lead to conservative exposure estimates. 

F. Usage 

A full use report has not been received from the Biological Economic Analysis Division at this 

time, but a final report will be available to be utilized for the Registration Review risk 

assessment. Interim reports have been analyzed for this usage assessment. 

Thiophanate methyl usage data indicates wide usage on a variety of agricultural food and feed 

crops. According to the Screening Level Usage Analysis (SLUA: Biological and Economic 

Analysis Division, 3/7/2013), TM is used on over 34 agricultural crops with variable percentages 

of each crop treated. The percent treated may range from less than 2.5% to as high as 50% for 

strawberry crops. Other crops with 30% or more of the crop treated include apples, green beans, 

pears, and pistachios. 

Current major crop uses and EPA estimated % crop treated include almonds (5-10%), apples 

(20-30%), apricots (,2.5%), green beans (25-45%), blueberries (5-25%), cantaloupes (10-25%), 

celery(5%), cherries (5-10%), cotton (<2.5%), cucumbers (5-15%), dry beans (5-15%), peas (5-

15%), grapefruit (5-10%), grapes (5-15%), honeydew melons (10%), onions (<2.5%), oranges 

(<2.5%) , peaches (5-15%), peanuts (<2.5%), pears (15-30%), pecans (<2.5%), peppers 

(<2.5%), pistachios (30-40%), plums (<2.5%), prunes (<2.5%), potatoes (<2.5%), pumpkins (5-

10%), soybeans (<2.5%), squash (5-10%), strawberries (20-50%), sugar beets (<10%), 

tangerines (<2.5%), tomatoes, (5-20%) walnuts (<2.5%), watermelons (15-25%), and wheat 

(<2.5%). Based on Agency maximum percent crop use estimates for these crops the annual 

number of acres could potentially exceed 4,500,000 acres on a nationwide basis using USDA 

2007 Agricultural Census estimates for crop acreages. 

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) pesticide use map (Figure 2) shows regional scale patterns 

in use intensity within the United States. The USGS pesticide maps are largely based on state 

level estimates of pesticide use rates for individual crops and crop acreage data from the National 

Agricultural Statistics Service. Usage patterns appear to vary geographically over the last 10 

years of evaluation. The maps and details on their preparation are provided here: 

http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/pnsp/usage/maps/compound_listing.php 

http://water.usgs.gov/nawqa/pnsp/usage/maps/about.php
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No acreage estimates for TM for non-food uses (golf courses, sod farms, greenhouses and 

nurseries, residential uses on lawns, ornamental trees, and shrubs) have been compiled at this 

time. This type of estimate is quite difficult to conduct. However, it is assumed that this acreage 

could potentially be substantial. For example, in attempting to determine modeling procedures 

for golf courses the Agency consulted the Golf 20/20 Industry Report for 2002. There were 

about 15,827 golf courses in the United States as of March 2003. Golf course characteristics 

information provided by the Golf Course Superintendents Association of America (GCSAA)3

 indicates 

that an 18-hole golf facility averages about 150-200 acres of total land, including water bodies, hard 

structures, and out-of-play areas. A typical urban golf course is only 110-120 acres, and courses in resort 

areas may be 170-190 acres (G. Lyman, GCSAA; personal communication 11/19/04). Generally, 

pesticides are not applied to entire golf courses, but rather to some holes and some parts of the course 

(e.g., tees, greens, and/or fairways). Based on a median estimate of 150 acres/course multiplied by 15,827 

total courses and reduced to 50% as potential turf area coverage the total potential acreage could be 

ove1,000,000 acres nationwide. For commercial sod farms, USDA Census estimates were made in 2007. 

In 2007, sod farms showed a 6 % increase in acreage with an 11.4% decrease in the number of farms 

since 2002. The total nationwide acreage of sod farms was estimated to be 409, 000 acres in 2007. The 

highest number of such farms was located in southern states (1,037 farms-266,000 acres) with Florida, 

Texas and Georgia being the dominant states. 

No usage data is available for the industrial use of MBC It is important to note however that such data 

may be necessary for modeling exposure for these uses (example yearly production data for these uses are 

required for down the drain modeling.

2. Conclusions from Previous Risk Assessments 

A. Decisions from Previous Reregistration Actions 

Thiophanate Methyl Assessments 

EFED conducted the following ecological risk assessments for TM on the following actions: 

(1) The 2001 EFED RED Chapter and subsequent 2005 OPP Reregistration Eligibility 

Document The first EFED RED Chapter was prepared on 5/24/2000 and was released in 2001. 

In this document, use patterns and application methods were assessed including aerial and/or 

ground applications to major crop groups such as tree crops (apples, almonds, nectarines, 

cherries, citrus, peaches, pecans, plums, prunes and apricots), row crops (lima snap bean and drytype beans), vegetable crops (celery, cucumber, peanuts, potato-white/Irish, pumpkin), small 

grains (such as wheat), and turf and ornamental uses. In this EFED RED chapter the assumption 

was made that acute exposure and risk to terrestrial and aquatic organisms are primarily related 

to parent TM and chronic exposure and risk are primarily related to the MBC degradate. 

Although TM appears to be stable in aerobic aquatic systems and to resist hydrolysis at pH 7, the 

chemical reaching the soil system is expected to degrade to its major degradate MBC within few 

days following application. Rapid degradation to MBC is expected based on the short half-live 

 

3

 URL: Golf Course Superintendents Association of America
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observed in aerobic soil and anaerobic aquatic systems via biotic and abiotic processes. MBC, on 

the other hand, is relatively long lived in aerobic soil and aerobic aquatic systems and also 

considered stable to hydrolysis and photolysis (for more details on the fate of TM and MBC, 

refer to section 5 of this document). No evidence has been presented to refute this assumption 

that rapid conversion to MBC will occur from TM applied to soils or transported to water bodies. 

The EFED RED Chapter and EPA final RED documents were revised as follows: 

 In June, 2002: A revision of the RED was made in response to registrant label revisions 

which provided for significant reduction of many of the highest use rates and numbers of 

permitted yearly applications assessed in the 2001 RED (refer to June 24, 2002 memo 

from EFED). In this assessment, the maximum ground application use rates were 

reduced to 1.4 lbs a.i/A for onions with one application per year; and to 5.45 lbs a.i/A 

for commercial turf uses with one application per year. Additionally, the maximum 

aerial application rates to potatoes were reduced to 0.93 lbs a.i/A with three applications 

per year; and to 0.7 lbs a.i/A with four application per year for apples and grapes. in 

October 2005); and 

 In October 2005: The last revision of the RED was released containing a number of 

mitigation measures affecting label rates and crop/non-crop registration sites. This 

revision promulgated to mitigate human health risks. These changes in application rates 

also reduced levels of ecological exposure as well. The mitigation measures are 

summarized in Table 1. 

Table 1. Measures required in the 2005 RED for thiophanate methyl to mitigate human health 

risks. 

(Those which also affect ecological exposure have been put in bold text.) 

 Reduce turf application rates in residential/public areas (e.g. parks, athletic 

 fields, lawns) to 2.74 lbs ai/acre, maximum of 10.88 lbs ai/acre per year, 14 

 day retreatment interval.

 Reduce golf course turf application rates to 8.16 lbs ai/acre/application. 

 21.8 lbs ai/acre/year, 14 day retreatment interval for tees and greens. 

 Reduce golf course turf application rates to 5.45 lbs ai/acre/year, except in Florida, 

which has a maximum annual rate of 2.72 lbs ai/acre on fairways. 

 Require wettable powder formulations labeled for aerial/chemigation applications to be 

packaged in water soluble bags. 

 Require wettable powder formulations not packaged in water soluble bags to specifically 

prohibit aerial/chemigation use. 

 Require an enclosed cab for planters/operators while planting potato seed that has been 

treated with dust 

 Require double-layer PPE, chemical-resistant gloves, and a chemical-resistant apron to be 

worn when applying dip treatment and mixing/loading/applying dip treatment. 

 Single-layer PPE (Baseline) and chemical-resistant gloves must be worn when handlers are 

performing certain tasks (see section IV of the RED). N Single-layer PPE (Baseline) must be 

worn by handlers during certain tasks (see section IV of the RED) 

 The Agency has determined that significant risk reduction would occur by reducing the 
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maximum allowable rate on cut flowers to 0.5 lb ai/acre, which is currently the typical 

rate at which TM is applied to cut flowers. 

 For post-application reentry, workers will be required to observe a 3-day Restricted Entry 

Intervals (REIs) for almonds and peanuts; 2-day REIs for apples, cherries, peaches, 

nectarines, apricots, and plums/prunes; 24-hour REIs for strawberries, blueberries, wheat, 

celery, cucurbits, soybeans, and green beans and 12-hour REIs for woody ornamentals. 

 The maximum single application rate for ornamentals is 1.8 lb ai/acre for homeowners 

using spray products. 

 Only granular formulations are now available to residents for broadcast lawn 

treatment. Use of liquid formulations for broadcast turf/lawn use is restricted to 

commercial pest control operators (PCOs). 

 Product labels were revised to specifically prohibit belly grinder and hand application 

methods. N PCO treatment of backyard fruit trees will be allowed only up to fruit set. 

 As a result of ecological mitigation activities, application rates and applications per year 

have been reduced as follows: aerial application of grapes and apples 0.7 lb ai/acre and 

4 applications per year; aerial application of soybeans 0.7 lb ai/acre and 2 applications 

per year; ground application of golf course fairways 5.45 lb ai/acre and 1 application 

per year; aerial application of potatoes 0.93 lb ai/acre and 3 allowable applications per 

year; and ground application of onions 1.4 lb ai/acre and 1 application per year. 

 Reduce the concentration of MBC in paint from 0.5% to 0.35% based on dermal MOEs 

which exceed the Agency’s level of concern (i.e., MOEs<1,000). 

It is noted that in the 2005 RED, label mitigation measures for MBC products include reduction 

of the concentration of MBC in paint from 0.5% to 0.35% based on dermal MOEs which exceed 

the Agency’s level of concern (i.e., MOEs<1,000); 

(2) In June, 2009: Section 3 seed treatment uses on sweet corn, peanuts, vegetables and wheat. 

(5/30/2006; DP Barcodes 315775 and 323266). It is noted that though these crops represent 

considerable acreage on a nationwide basis, they are not the major crops on which TM is 

used with the exception of wheat which has the 4th highest usage of TM per year in the U.S. 

(over 51,000 lbs a.i/year for non-seed treated wheat); and 

(3) The 2012 Drinking Water Assessment (D335121). Conservative assumptions were made to 

address the exposure levels from drinking water possible on an acute and chronic basis 

possible from either TM or MBC; total toxic residue exposure on an acute or sub-chronic 

basis was calculated based upon whether a higher estimate was obtained by assuming TM 

was the predominate or by assuming MBC was the predominate toxic residue. Chronic 

exposure estimates assumed MBC as the predominate toxic residue. 

Hereunder, the major conclusions of the previous risk assessments: 

In the 2001 EFED RED Chapter, registered uses of TM did not exceed levels of concern 

(LOCs) for acute toxicity to birds as the LC50 level >10,000 PPM was not exceeded at predicted 

exposure levels. Chronic LOCs for birds, based on MBC residue estimates, were exceeded by 
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wide margins for the highest use scenarios (apples, beans, wheat, onions, ornamentals and turf) 

on certain types of vegetation using the Mallard duck MBC NOAEC of 103 ppm. Effected 

parameters were egg weight and hatchling body weight at 513 ppm (MRID 42474801).

TM did not exceed mammalian acute levels of concern at any weight range (15 gm or higher). 

However, MBC LOCs for chronic risk to 15-35 gm mammals were exceeded for the highest 

application rates for multiple application scenarios, particularly turf and ornamental uses. These 

uses also exceeded chronic LOCs for 1000 gm mammals. However, uses on apples, onions, and 

beans showed lower RQs which exceeded a chronic LOC of 1.0 for certain vegetation types and 

high numbers of applications, but not for other types of food sources.

For fish and aquatic invertebrates the acute LOCs based on TM toxicity were not exceeded 

except for endangered species at highest use scenarios (apples, beans, wheat, onions, 

ornamentals and turf). Chronic effects based on MBC concentrations, are predicted for all 

modeled uses of TM to fish and aquatic invertebrates. This is not unexpected given the 

difference in acute and chronic toxicity of MBC (measured in μg a.i/L) as compared to TM 

(measured in mg a.i/L). These trends also hold true for marine fish and invertebrates. 

LOCs for aquatic plants were exceeded for TM using the EC50 of 0.93 ppm for the freshwater 

diatom, Navicula pelliculosa. Toxicity studies for aquatic plants were not required for MBC. 

In the 2009 risk assessment, the major concerns were the potential acute or chronic effects from 

ingestion of treated seeds or plants containing residues after seedling development. For aquatic 

species ingestion of semi-aquatic or aquatic plants that have systemically adsorbed TM or MBC 

residues from soils or uptake of residues in leached residues transported to water bodies in runoff 

was considered. 

The general, approaches used in the original EFED RED Chapter and subsequently in the 2009 

new use seed treatment applications will be utilized in the upcoming Registration Review efforts, 

but a more robust reassessment of the most current labels and crop uses will be undertaken to 

assess the need for additional modeling exposure scenarios and to determine if label changes 

made in recent years will have a notable potential effect on previous conclusions for ecological 

risk. 

Antimicrobial Assessments - Carbendazim 

The antimicrobial uses of Carbendazim have not previously been assessed for environmental 

risks. 

Carbendazim Assessments 

As noted previously, the only registered conventional use of MBC is as a tree injection. Given 

this application method, it has historically been viewed as a “closed system” with minimal 

likelihood of environmental exposure. Therefore, there are no recent ecological risk assessments 

or drinking water exposure assessments for this particular chemical/use pattern. However, in a 

2008 Preliminary Problem Formulation (DP Barcode 357028) for debacarb (PC code 115001, 

also only formulated for use as a tree injection and always co-formulated with MBC), EFED 

acknowledged that the potential exists for debacarb residues to translocate into leaves, fruits, and 
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14 

seeds, and result in debacarb exposure to terrestrial wildlife. Although the debacarb PF 

acknowledged the leaves/fruits/seeds of treated trees may drop into adjacent water bodies and 

lead to exposures to aquatic receptors, the PF concluded that exposure via this pathway is likely 

to be “minimal given the limited tree injection use pattern.” Analogous considerations are 

assumed to apply to the MBC formulated for use in tree injection. Therefore, in comparison with 

MBC loadings to the terrestrial environment and water bodies that result from conventional crop 

and landscape applications of TM, loadings that result from MBC tree injection are expected to 

be minimal. Consequently, the TM ecological risk assessments that address MBC are considered 

to provide the most current understanding of MBC ecological risks

B. Ecological Risks 

As stated above, the Agency has conducted multiple ecological risk assessments on Thiophanate 

methyl that serve as a basis for this scoping document. The primary risks issues that have been 

identified for terrestrial, aquatic organisms and aquatic plants are related to the more toxic 

degradate MBC Thiophanate methyl risk quotients for aquatic plants have also exceeded 

concern levels as well. The most recent, comprehensive assessment of all uses conducted for 

TM and it’s degradate, MBC, is the revised EFED RED Chapter (USEPA, 2002). The major 

ecological conclusions presented in that RED were as summarized in Table 1 for TM and in

Table 2 for MBC. 

Table 1 

Summary of Acute Risk Concerns Identified for Thiophanate methyl in Previous Assessments for 

Conventional uses (excluding seed treatments3

) (N.D. =not determined) 

Birds Mammals Terr. 

Plants 

Terr. 

Inverts Fish BCF Aquatic Inverts 

Aquatic 

Plants 

Groundwater 

Contamination Persistence Degradates of Concern 

No Yes1 N.D.2 N.D. No No No Yes Yes No MBC 

 

1 Acute risk is only predicted for NC Apples at 12 applications. Other modeled scenarios did not 

exceed 0.5 

2 Terrestrial plants were tested to 1.4 lbs ai/A only. No effects observed at this level. 

Table 2. Summary of Chronic Risk Concerns Identified for Methyl 2-benzimidazolylcarbamate 

(MBC) as a Degradate from Thiophanate methyl Uses (N.D. =not determined)

Birds Mammals Terr. 

Plants 

Terr. 

Inverts Fish BCF Aquatic Inverts 

Aquatic 

Plants 

Groundwater 

Contamination Persistence Degradates of Concern 

Yes Yes N.D. N.D. Yes No Yes N.D. Yes Yesc N.A. 

C. Drinking Water Exposure 

A drinking water exposure assessment (DWA) was conducted for thiophanate methyl and its 

toxic degradate MBC in 2012 using the PRZM/EXAMS aquatic exposure models (DP Barcodes 

D335121 and D357892; 1/17/12). This DWA evaluated existing (with higher EDWCs) along 
` 

15 

with multiple new uses that were requested on cotton, blueberries, bushberries, caneberries, leafy 

Brassica greens, turnip greens, tomatoes, ginseng, citrus, mustard grown for seed, tuberous & 

corm vegetables seed-piece treatment, tree nuts, mushrooms, and sunflower seed treatment. The 

separate exposure assessments for parent and MBC fulfilled the need for separate drinking water 

exposure estimates to be incorporated in the separate dietary risk assessments by the Health 

Effects Division. Acute exposure concentrations estimates using conservative (protective) 

modeling input assumptions ranged up to 83.6 ppb for parent TM and up to 90.8 ppb for MBC 

(after additional refinements as described in the referenced DWA) . Chronic exposure endpoints 

for cancer (based upon 30-year average estimated concentrations) for parent TM were up to 4.7 

ppb for parent and 31.3 ppb for MBC (after refinements). Chronic exposure endpoints for noncancer endpoints (based upon 1 in 10 year return frequency annual estimated concentrations) for 

parent TM were up to 7.3 ppb for parent and 47.2 ppb for MBC (after refinements). These 

EDWCs are separate conservative estimates specific to TM or MBC exposure and are not 

designed to be additive for a combined exposure assessment. Previous drinking water exposure 

estimates from groundwater using the SCI-GROW model to represent vulnerable drinking water 

wells were much lower: 0.176 ppb for parent and 8.57 ppb for MBC for both acute and chronic 

exposure levels (EFED Reregistration Eligibility Document Science Chapter; 5/24/2000). Use of 

the newer ground-water exposure estimate model will be evaluated in the risk assessment to 

determine if groundwater exposure estimates are increased (based upon previous experience with 

compounds of similar fate properties it is not expected, however, that exposure estimates with 

PRZM-GW at the Tier 1 level will still not be higher than drinking water exposure estimates 

from surface water sources. 

D. Clean Water Act Programs 

As part of the PF process, OPP and OW have an agreement that States would be able to use the 

most sensitive aquatic endpoints identified in the PF for prioritization and possibly to use as 

benchmark criteria. Thiophanate methyl and MBC have not been identified as a cause of 

imp1airment for any water bodies listed as impaired under section 303(d) of the Clean Water 

Act. No Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) criteria have been developed for either compound. 

Aquatic benchmarks have been established for TM and are available at: 

http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/ecorisk_ders/aquatic_life_benchmark.htm 

There are no aquatic benchmarks established for MBC per se. 

3. Environmental Fate and Transport 

A. Fate Properties of Residues of Concern 

Residues of concern are TM and its major degradate MBC for application to food and 

nonfood/feed crops and MBC for its labeled plant injection and industrial uses. The 

physiochemical, fate and transport properties for TM are summarized in Table 2 and for MBC in
` 

16 

Table 3. Most of the available studies are quite old and the design, data collection, and reviews 

of them are not complete by current OPP standards; some environmental fate values are therefore 

marked “tentative” in Tables 2 and 3. These values will be reassessed after updated evaluations 

are made and, in some cases, new studies are submitted and reviewed by the Agency. Based on 

the available data, acute exposure may be variably predominately parent or MBC but chronic 

exposure is likely to almost always be predominately to MBC. MBC is somewhat less mobile 

(more likely to be adsorbed to sediment and organic matter) than thiophanate methyl, but is 

significantly more persistent. 

Note that in this section some of the studies cited were used to support yet another active 

ingredient that was previously registered in the United States (benomyl). Benomyl rapidly 

degrades in the environment to MBC (often within a few hours and always within a few days)4

. 

MBC is environmentally persistent with half-lives of several months except that in aerobic or 

anaerobic aquatic systems half-lives can be as short as one or two months. 

The environmental fate and transport database is sufficient and complete for most of the 

antimicrobial uses except where non-guideline leaching studies are required for use scenarios 

like: 

• Exterior paint coated surfaces 

• Wood protective stains 

• Roof coatings 

• Treated textiles 

Table 2. Physicochemical and Fate Properties of Thiophanate methyl.

Property Value

Reference 

(MRID# or 

Citation)

Chemical Name Thiophanate Methyl Product chemistry 

Chemical Structure 

 

Chemical Group Benzimidazole Product chemistry 

CAS Number 23564-05-8 Product chemistry 

 

4

 EFED previously summarized the results of these studies in the benomyl RED chapter (date ca. 3/21/2000; DP 

Barcodes D221855 and D264105.) 

NHCS.NHCO.OCH3

NHCS.NHCO.OCH3

*
` 

17 

Table 2. Physicochemical and Fate Properties of Thiophanate methyl.

Property Value

Reference 

(MRID# or 

Citation)

Molecular Weight (g Mole-1) 342.4 Tomlin, 1997 (ed.)5

Molecular Formula C12H14N4O4S2 Tomlin, 1997 (ed.) 

Water solubility at 25○C (mg L-1) 21.8 Tomlin, 1997 (ed.) 

Octanol/water partition coefficient 

Kow and (log Kow) 

32 (1.5) Tomlin, 1997 (ed.) 

Vapor Pressure (Torr) 1.3 E-5 Tomlin, 1997 (ed.) 

Henry’s Law Constant (atm cu m3 

mole-1) 

2.69 E-7 Calculated from VP 

&solubility 

Hydrolysis half-lives pH 5: stable, pH 7: 36 days; pH 9: 0.7 days6. 

Study conducted at 22o C (45o C and 65o C rates may 

also be available.) 

(tentative)

Major Degradation products: MBC (AV-1951 also 

formed, more information may be available after the 

EFED review is completed) 

 (28.6% @ pH 7) a

400955-07 

See also: 

00120582 (alt. # 

00036690) and 

0062540 

Aqueous photolysis half-life 2.17 days pH 5 buffer @ 3 to 17 C. 

Major Degradation product: MBC (49.7%) and DX105 (14.3%), both maxima at 5.5 days. 

41482806 

Soil photolysis half-lives 2.9-5.5 days 

Major Degradation product: MBC (21.7%) 

41482807 and 

42094601 

 

5

 The Pesticide Manual, A World Compendium (11th edition 1997), Tomlin, Clive D. S., ed., British Crop 

Protection Council, 20 Bridport Road, Thornton Heath, CR4 7QG, U.K. 

6

 Here and elsewhere in Table 2 and Table 3 all environmental fate half-lives for thiophanate-methyl and MBC were 

based on first order rates calculated using linear regressions of log-transformed data. In some cases, in the updated 

risk assessment if the previous model fits appear to be inadequate, degradation half-lives will be recalculated 

according to newer EFED guidance utilizing using nonlinear regression and SFO, DFOP, or IORE equations. The 

equations can be found in the document, Standard Operating Procedure for Using the NAFTA Guidance to Calculate 

Representative Half-life Values and Characterizing Pesticide Degradation (Bohaty et al., 2012).
` 

18 

Table 2. Physicochemical and Fate Properties of Thiophanate methyl.

Property Value

Reference 

(MRID# or 

Citation)

Aerobic soil metabolism half-life 

(days) 

<1 in each of 3 test soils 2 

Maximum, final MBC concentration: 

71.8%, 35.7% @ 365 days; Exter sandy loam. 

71.4%, 22.0% @ 365 days; clay loam. 

82.7%, 1.0% @ 365 days; (other) sandy loam. 

DX-105 reached a maximum of 8 to 11% in the 3 test 

soils. 

Test soils: clay loam soil (pH 7.2), 2 sandy loam 

soils (pH 5.7 and 7.5). 

Access. 00106085

Aerobic aquatic half-life (water/ 

sediment system) (days) 

Default value is stable for modeling when data 

requirement is still outstanding. 

All values listed below are tentative. 

Results classified as supplemental: 

TM half-life = 1.8 days in river water:sediment and 

3.2 days in pond system. 

 river water:sediment system 

MBC maxima: 

81.6% of the applied in the river system (8 days posttreatment) 

75.1% in the pond system ( at 16 days) 

MBC appeared to decline over the course of the 

studies, especially the pond water system (300-day 

study) 

45621401 

Anaerobic aquatic half-life (water/ 

sediment system) (days) 

1 @ 21o

 C 

Major Degradation product: 

 MBC- Maximum 54% in sediment 

 Maximum 28.6% in water 

40061501 

92186019 

40061500 

133502 

435965-01 

Soil Water Partition Coefficient 

(Koc, L Kg-1) 

188.6, 136.6, 225.0, 858.8, 358.5, and 117.7 in six 

test soils. (Avg. = 318)7

42351001 

Terrestrial Field half-lives < 1 day 

1 day 

4.2 days 

Major Degradation product: MBC (6.1 to 10.0 %) 

419301-01 

 419301-02 

434337-01 

 

7

 Thiophanate-methyl, DX-105, and FH-432 had Kads ranging from 0.27 to 14.1. Thiophanate-methyl, DX-105, 

and FH-432 desorbed relatively easily from soil and are therefore expected to be mobile. However Kads values of 

MBC (Kads 0.45 to 88.2) were nearly equal to the Kdes values (Kdes 0.33 to 161) indicating that MBC is not 

readily desorbed from the soil. 
` 

19 

Table 2. Physicochemical and Fate Properties of Thiophanate methyl.

Property Value

Reference 

(MRID# or 

Citation)

Table 3. Physicochemical and Fate Properties of Carbendazim (MBC) 1

.

Property Value

Reference (MRID# or 

Citation)

MBC Chemical Name 

Methyl 2-benzimidzolylcarbamate or 

Carbendazim (MBC) Product chemistry

Chemical Structure 

Chemical Group Benzimidazole Product chemistry

CAS Number 17804-35-2 Product chemistry

Molecular Weight 191.18 g Mole-1 Tomlin, 1997 (ed.)

Molecular Formula C9H9N3O2 Tomlin, 1997 (ed.)

Water solubility at 25○C (mg L-1) 8 

Tomlin, 1997 (ed.) 

Access. No. 00151418 

Vapor pressure (Torr) 7.5 E-10 Tomlin, 1997 (ed.)

Octanol/water partition coefficient Kow

and (log Kow) 33 (1.52) Tomlin, 1997 (ed.)

Henry’s Law Constant (atm cu m3 mole1

) 2.36 E-11 

Calculated from VP 

&solubility

Hydrolysis half-life Stable at pH 5 and 7, but subject to hydrolysis at 

pH 9 3

Study temperature: 250

 C. 

(tentative data) 

MBC apparently was stable at pH 5, 7, and 9 in a 

benomyl study, but was not the major degradate 

formed at pH 9 (Access. #151418) 

43129614. 

See also 

Benomyl study Acc. Nos. 

00151418 (same as 

00259471 a

and Acc.# 00154696 

Aqueous photolysis half-life Stable (99% remaining at 32 days.) 

(study with benomyl applied) 

Acc.#00151419 

Other published b
` 

20 

Table 3. Physicochemical and Fate Properties of Carbendazim (MBC) 1

.

Property Value

Reference (MRID# or 

Citation)

Soil photolysis half-lives Stable (derived from benomyl study where MBC 

formed and constituted 99% of the applied 

material at study end (32 days post-treatment.) 

Acc. #00151420 (benomyl 

study) 

See also Acc. # 00120626 b

(submitted published study for 

MBC, no review located.) 

Aerobic soil metabolism half-life (days) 320 in Keyport silt loam as measured in study 

with benomyl applied (benomyl half-life was 0.8 

days 

41255801 (Benomyl , 

supplmtl. For MBC). 

Addit. data on 3 soils (TM 

applied) may be avail. in 

Acc. #00106085.

Aerobic aquatic half-life (water/ 

sediment system) (days) 

Tentative 

23 and 61 

(90th %ile Upper C.I. of mean = 100) 

In a study with benomyl applied, MBC 

degraded with an estimated half-life of 61 

days in a clay loam/water system at pH 7.3 

incubated aerobically for 30 days (MRID# 

41291501). 

Results of MRID 4562001 were determined 

to be unacceptable. 

41291501 

45620001 

Anaerobic aquatic metabolism half-life 

(days) 

743 (Benomyl applied, but rapidly converted to 

MBC) 

31, but unclear if study was ultimately accepted. 

41137701 

45620001 

Soil water partition coefficient (Koc , L Kg1) 

Tentative: 

1,885 (Average of 6 soils) 

Individual Freundlich adsorption values: 

3.77 (l/n =0.77) in sandy loam 

4.74 (l/n=0.712 ) in loam 

0.45 (l/n=0.827) in sand, 

88.2 (l/n=0.609) in clay loam 

4.47 ( l/n=0.752) in loam 

5.71 (l/n=0.747) in loamy sand 

Acc. No. 00151422 

See also Helweg (1977).d

Terrestrial Field half-lives 22 days 

94 days 

33.9 days 

419301-01 

419301-02 

434337-01 
` 

21 

Table 3. Physicochemical and Fate Properties of Carbendazim (MBC) 1

.

Property Value

Reference (MRID# or 

Citation)

a In MRID 43129614 (in review) there apparently was hydrolysis of MBC at pH 9 (the registrant calculated a 

logarithmic-linear half-life of 65 days). 

In Acc.# 00151418, a study with benomyl applied. At pH 5, the half-life of benomyl was 3.5 hr., major degradate 

was MBC. At pH 7, the half-life of benomyl was 1.5 hr., the major degradates were MBC (approx. 75% of total 

radioactivity) and (STB or 3-butyl-2,4-dioxo[1,2-a]s-triazinobenzimidazole) at 25% of total radioactivity. At pH 9, 

the half-life of benomyl was less than 1 hr., the major degradate was (STB) reaching 80 - 90% of total radioactivity 

and not subject to further hydrolysis over the 30 days study. When formed, MBC appeared to be stable to 

hydrolysis over the 30-day study period. 

Similar results are reported in a published study: M. Anastassiadesa and W. Schwack. 1998. Journal of 

Chromatography A 825: 45–54. 

b Fleeker, J.R. and Lacy, H.M. 1977. Photolysis of Methyl 2-Benzimidazolecarbamate. J . Agric. Food Chem., -

25:51-55. 

c Helweg, A. (1977) Degradation and adsorption of carbendazim and 2-aminobenzimidazole in soil. Pestic. Sci. 

8:71-78. (Also In unpublished submission received Sep 27, 1979 under 4581-340; submitted by Agchem Div., 

Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL:099006-G) 

d Helweg, A. (1977) Degradation and adsorption of carbendazim and 2-aminobenzimidazole in soil. Pestic. Sci. 

8:71-78. (Also In unpublished submission received Sep 27, 1979 under 4581-340; submitted by Agchem Div., 

Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL:099006-G) 

MBC appears to be less soluble than its parent TM and is not expected to be affected by 

volatility (VP= 7.5 E-5) from dry/wet soil or water (HLC= 2.1 E-11). Tentative results indicate 

that TM may be stable to hydrolysis and photolysis at pH 5 and increasingly subject to 

hydrolysis at higher pH (Table 2) whereas MBC appears to be stable to hydrolysis at pH 5 and 7 

but subject to hydrolysis at pH 9, but less so than TM (tentative data, see Table 3). Photolysis 

appears to be another mechanism of TM degradation when it is exposed to sunlight (half-lives of 

2 to 6 days in water and soil) but MBC is not photodegraded (and is a major photolytic product 

of TM). 

Under most environmental conditions, parent TM is expected to degrade rather quickly into the 

major metabolite MBC which appears to be of greater persistence. Therefore, MBC has a more 

important influence on long-term environmental concentrations (i.e., chronic exposure is 

predominately to MBC). Additionally, MBC appears to be slightly mobile compared to its 

mobile parent (average Koc= 318 L Kg-1 for parent compared to 1,885 Kg-1 for MBC). MBC is 

more likely to be adsorbed to soil/sediment and organic matter and less mobile than its parent 

TM. In general, fate properties of TM and MBC demonstrate that under most environmental 

conditions thiophanate methyl degrades almost completely to MBC within a few days after 

application (additional studies are being requested to clarify under which conditions parent TM 

is more persistent, but the available data do show that it is more resistant to hydrolysis under 

acidic conditions). 

MBC is environmentally persistent with half-lives of several months except that in aerobic or 

anaerobic aquatic systems half-lives can be as short as one or two months. However, persistent in 

aquatic systems may be highly variable (i.e., 743 t1/2 in an accepted study, apparently much 

shorter in another study, but those data cannot be used as the study was deemed unacceptable). 
` 

22 

Additional data are being requested to clarify the fate of both TM and MBC in soil and aquatic 

systems. 

B. Transformation Products 

MBC is expected to remain the degradate of concern for the ecological risk assessment both 

because of its persistence and high toxicity. Structures and full chemical names for degradates 

commonly detected in environmental fate studies are provided in “Structures of Thiophanate 

Methyl and Degradates”. However, only MBC is, to the extent that is determined to date from 

available studies, consistently a major degradate detected in environmental fate studies at high 

concentrations (e.g., it reached a maximum concentration >70% of applied in aerobic soil 

metabolism studies). MBC is generally highly persistent (half-lives of a few months or longer) 

under aerobic conditions in soil and water, but is (apparently) less persistent under anaerobic 

conditions (Table 2). 

While MBC is the major degradate both in terms of exposure potentially and toxicological 

activity, other degradates formed as secondary minor products (usually, but not always, reported 

at concentrations below 10% of applied parent thiophanate methyl in environmental fate studies). 

However, as it is not clear whether all available studies or data have been fully incorporated in 

previous reviews, EFED will obtain copies of these studies and determine whether significant 

additional insights into the environmental transformation of thiophanate methyl and MBC can be 

extracted for the reregistration risk assessment. In soil and water thiophanate methyl typically 

degrades to 2(N-methoxycarbonyl thioureido) phenylene]thiourea (aka. AV-1951) via hydrolysis 

of the one side chain to dimethyl[1,2-(4-hydroxyphenylene) bis (imonocarbonothioyl)] bis 

(carbamate) (aka. 4-OH-TM) through oxidation of the phenyl ring. AV-1951 is transformed to 

methyl benzimidazol 2-yl carbamate (carbendazim/MBC) via closure of the side change to form 

a benzimidazole ring. Carbendazim is then partially hydrolyzed to form 2-aminobenzimidazole 

(aka. 2-AB). Finally, 4-OH-TM, carbendazim, and 2-AB are further degraded into bound 

compounds and CO2. Structures of each of these transformation products are provided in Table 

13. 

One caveat with regard to the conclusions regarding the residues of concern in this preliminary 

assessment is that the amount of unidentified bound residues formed in some environmental fate 

studies was quite high. For example, at the close of a 12-month anaerobic aquatic metabolism 

study (MRID 40061501) unextracted residues reached 83.7% of the applied radioactivity from 

the thiophanate methyl application (the cumulative 14CO2 was 4.0% of applied); new studies are 

being required. 

Based on the available data, MBC is expected to remain the degradate of concern for the 

ecological risk assessment both because of its persistence and high toxicity. Structures and full 

chemical names for degradates commonly detected in environmental fate studies are provided in 

“Structures of Thiophanate Methyl and Degradates”. Updated reviews of these studies and 

additional studies in some cases will be requested to determine whether significant additional 

insights into the environmental transformation of thiophanate methyl and MBC can be extracted 

for the reregistration risk assessment. The requested new studies should better address issues 
` 

23 

such as: (1.) the identity of unextracted residues, (2.) whether TM and MBC might be 

significantly more persistent in acidic soil and water environments and (3.) a fuller accounting of 

degradation products of MBC and the MBC decline rate.
` 

24

4. Receptors 

. 

A. Aquatic Toxicity of Thiophanate methyl 

Current test results indicate that TM displays only moderate to slight toxicity to aquatic 

invertebrates and fish with toxicity values well above 1 mg ai/L (Table 3) The most sensitive 

aquatic animal species tested was the mysid, Americamysis bahia, with an LC50 of 1.1 mg ai/L. 

The macrophyte, Lemna gibba, was tested and showed an EC50 at 4.7 mg ai/L after 7 days with an 

NOAEC of 0.43 mg ai/L for frond production. For nonvascular plants, the most sensitive species 

tested was the freshwater diatom , Navicula pelliculosa, with a 96-h EC50 of 0.93 mg ai/L for cell 

density. The other 4 tested algal species displayed EC50 levels greater than the highest 

concentrations tested when acetone was utilized as a solvent (0.095 to 4.3 mg ai/L). 

Table 4. Summary of the Most Sensitive Endpoints from Aquatic Toxicity Studies for TM 

Taxonomic 

Group 

Study Type Surrogate Species Toxicity Value 

In PPM 

Acute 

Toxicity 

Classification 

Source 

Freshwater fish1

Acute 

Rainbow Trout 

(Oncorhynchus 

mykiss) 

LC50 = 11 mg ai/L Slightly toxic 42887001 

Chronic 

(Early LifeStage) Rainbow Trout No data -- 

Freshwater 

invertebrates 

Acute Water Flea 

(Daphnia magna) EC50 = 5.4 mg ai/L Moderately 

toxic 42298101 

Chronic Water Flea No data -- 

Estuarine/marine 

fish Acute 

Sheepshead 

Minnow 

(Cyprinodon 

variegatus) 

LC50 = 49.5 mg ai/L Slightly toxic 42123503 

Estuarine/marine 

mollusc Acute 

Eastern Oyster 

(Crassostrea 

virginica) 

EC50 = 2.2 mg ai/L 

Endpoint: shell growth 

Moderately 

toxic 42094602 

Estuarine/marine 

crustacean Acute Mysid, 

Americamysis bahia LC50=1.1 mg ai/L Moderately 

toxic 42123502 

Aquatic plants and 

algae Vascular Duckweed (Lemna gibba) 

NOAEC=4.7 mg ai/L 

EC50 > 4.7 mg ai/L -- 42123505 
` 

25

Taxonomic 

Group 

Study Type Surrogate Species Toxicity Value 

In PPM 

Acute 

Toxicity 

Classification 

Source 

Nonvascular 

Freshwater diatom, 

Navicula 

pelliculosa

NOAEC = 0.43 mg/L 

EC50 =0.93 mg/L -- 42229802 

1 Freshwater fish may be surrogates for aquatic-phase amphibians. 

B. Aquatic Toxicity of MBC 

The MBC degradate (Carbendazim) is significantly more toxic to aquatic organisms when 

compared to TM. Acute LC50 values for fish range between 10 and 1120 μg ai/L and acute 

EC50/LC50 values for aquatic invertebrates range between 98 to 350 μg ai/L (Table 4). MBC is 

also chronically toxic to aquatic organisms at much lower concentrations than the TM with 

NOAEC values ranging from 13 μg ai/L for Daphnia magna to 0.99 μg ai/L for the Channel 

catfish. No aquatic plant data has been received for MBC. 

Table 5. Summary of the Most Sensitive Endpoints from Aquatic Toxicity Studies for MBC3

 

Taxonomic 

Group 

Study 

Type 

Surrogate Species Toxicity Value 

In PPB of active 

ingredient 

Acute 

Toxicity 

Classification 

Source 

Freshwater fish1

Acute Channel catfish, 

Ictalurus punctatus LC50 = 10 ug ai/L Very highly 

toxic 40098001 

21 Day 

Acute 

Rainbow trout 

Oncorhynchus 

mykiss 

LOAEC – survival= 54 ug 

ai/L with NOAEC of 26 ug 

ai/L 

 42882301 

Chronic 

(Early 

Life 

Stage) 

Channel catfish, 

Ictalurus punctatus

NOAEC = 0.99 ug ai/L 

LOAEC = 2.1 ug ai/L 

Egg production 

__ 43872801 

Estuarine/marine 

fish Acute 

Sheepshead 

Minnow 

(Cyprinodon 

variegatus) 

LC50>1160 ug ai/L > Moderately 

toxic 40975001 

Freshwater 

invertebrates 

Acute Water Flea EC50 = 110 ug ai/L Highly toxic 43205502 

Chronic Water Flea NOAEC = 3.1 ug ai /L 

LOAEC = 6.6 ug ai/L -- 42529401 

Estuarine/marine 

mollusc Acute 

Eastern Oyster 

(Crassostrea 

virginica) 

EC50 >1160 ug ai/L 

Endpoint: shell growth 

> Moderately 

toxic 40975002 
` 

26

Taxonomic 

Group 

Study 

Type 

Surrogate Species Toxicity Value 

In PPB of active 

ingredient 

Acute 

Toxicity 

Classification 

Source 

Estuarine/marine 

crustacean 

Acute 

Mysid, 

Americamysis 

bahia

LC50=98 ug ai/L Very Highly 

toxic 40964701 

Chronic 

NOAEC=24.8 ug ai/L 

LOAEC = 50.4 ug ai/L 

Endpoints affected: egg 

production, growth, 

survival 

42723701 

MBC test In 

Benomyl 

data set1 Freshwater fish may be surrogates for aquatic-phase amphibians. 2 Toxicity endpoints presented, i.e., NOAEC or EC50, are the only ones available from the study. 3 MBC is also registered as the active ingredient Carbendazim under PC Code 128872 4 MBC data available for this algal species in open literature. EC50 reported to be 0.64 ppm (Canton, J.H. 1976) 

C. Terrestrial Toxicity of Thiophanate methyl 

For terrestrial receptors, TM is classified as practically non-toxic on an acute exposure basis to 

the laboratory rat based on an oral LD50 of >5000 mg ai/kg bw (Table 5). TM is also practically 

non-toxic to birds on an acute dietary basis (LD50 > 4,586 mg/kg-diet. In four avian 

reproduction studies no reproductive effects to birds were observed at 103 PPM or more in the 

diet for mallard duck or bobwhite quail. However, in the mallard study egg size and hatchling 

body weight were affected at 511 PPM. 

TM is classified as practically non-toxic on an acute contact basis to honeybees (Apis mellifera) 

with a 48-h LD50 of > 100 ug ai/bee. 

Table 6. Summary of the Most Sensitive Endpoints from Terrestrial Toxicity Studies for TM 

Taxonomic 

Group 

Study Type Surrogate Species Toxicity Value 

(all units in terms of 

measured active 

ingredient) 

Acute 

Toxicity 

Classification 

Source 

Birds1

Acute Bobwhite quail, 

Colinus virginianus

LD50 > 4640 mg/kgbw 

 Practically 

non-toxic 00083012 

Sub-acute 

dietary 

Mallard duck, Anas 

platyrhynchos LC50 > 4586 ppm 

Slightly to 

practically 

non-toxic 

41930104 

Chronic Mallard duck, Anas 

platyrhynchos

NOAEC =103 ppm 

LOAEC = 511 ppm 

Egg wt and hatchling 

body wt 

-- 42474801 

Mammals Acute Oral Laboratory rat 

(Rattus norvegicus) 

LD50 >5000 mg/kgbw with technical 

Practically 

non-toxic 41644301 
` 

27

Taxonomic 

Group 

Study Type Surrogate Species Toxicity Value 

(all units in terms of 

measured active 

ingredient) 

Acute 

Toxicity 

Classification 

Source 

Acute 

Inhalation Laboratory rat LC50 > 1.7 mg/L 41482804 

Chronic Laboratory rat 

(Rattus norvegicus) 

NOAEL = 195 

mg/kg/day 

LOAEL = 630 

mg/kg/day 

Endpoint: reduced 

pup weight 

-- 42899101-105 

43624401 

Insects Acute 

contact 

Honey bee 

(Apis mellifera L.) LD50 > 100 μg ai/bee Practically non-toxic 40053209 

Terrestrial plants Seedling 

Emergence 

Soybean NOAEL <1.4 lb ai/A 

EC25 >1.4 lb ai/A 

Endpoint: 

-- 44404101 

Onion 

NOAEL = 1.4 lb/A 

EC25 >1.4 lb/A 

Endpoint: shoot dry 

weight 

-- 44404101 

1 Birds represent surrogates for terrestrial-phase amphibians and reptiles. 

D. Terrestrial Toxicity of MBC 

MBC is classified as practically non-toxic to birds on an acute exposure basis with oral LD50

values > 2100 mg ai/kg bw (Table 6). Dietary LC50 values for birds are also in excess of 4200 

ppm in feed. No chronic avian studies have been submitted for MBC, but a study with Benomyl 

and measured concentrations of MBC in the diet was submitted . In this avian reproduction study 

conducted with Benomyl (MRID 44103002) MBC was measured in the diet and the resulting 

LOAEC was determined to be 720 ppm with a NOAEC of 322 ppm. Endpoints affected included 

viable embryos, normal hatchlings of eggs set, and 14 day survival of young. 

The LD50 for honey bee, A. mellifera, was > 50 ug ai/bee (practically non-toxic). 

Table 7. Summary of the Most Sensitive Endpoints from Terrestrial Toxicity Studies for MBC 

Taxonomic 

Group 

Study 

Type 

Surrogate Species Toxicity Value 

(all units in terms of 

measured active 

ingredient) 

Acute 

Toxicity 

Classification 

Source 

Birds Acute 

Bobwhite quail, 

Colinus 

virginianus

LD50 > 4200 mg/kg-bw Practically 

non- toxic 43129605 

Sub-acute 

dietary 

Mallard duck, Anas 

platyrhynchos

LC50 > 4467 ppm Slightly to 

practically 

non- toxic 

43205501 
` 

28

Taxonomic 

Group 

Study 

Type 

Surrogate Species Toxicity Value 

(all units in terms of 

measured active 

ingredient) 

Acute 

Toxicity 

Classification 

Source 

Chronic 

Bobwhite quail, 

Colinus 

virginianus

NOAEC=322 ppm 

LOAEC = 720 ppm 

Viable embryos, 

normal hatchlings, 14 

day survivors

-- 

44103002- 

based on 

measured 

MBC in diet 

for Benomyl 

test 

Mammals 

Acute Laboratory Rat 

Rattus norvegicus LD50 >10000 mg/Kg 

Acc. 256025 

(cited in 2005 

RED) 

Chronic Rabbit 

NOEAL= 20 

mg/Kg/day 

LOAEL = 40 

mg/Kg/day 

fetal wt. decrease 

45051001 

00260571 

(cited in 2005 

RED) 

Insects Acute 

contact 

Honey bee 

(Apis mellifera L.) LD50 > 50 μg ai/bee Practically non-toxic 00154695 

Terrestrial plants Seedling 

Emergence 

Dicot – EC25 = 

Endpoint: No data 

Monocot – NOAEC 

EC25 = 

Endpoint: 

 No data 

E. Additional Effects 

Open literature studies with 5 species of earthworms in British apple orchards receiving five Benomyl 

spray applications at 0.28 kg/ha or five TM spray applications at 0.78 kg/ha resulted in observation of 

drastic population reductions over a 1-3 year period (Stringer, A. and C. Lyons. 1973). A later study to 

determine the contact toxicity of Thiabendazole, TM, and Benomyl showed that Lumbricus terrestris

immersed for 1 minute in a 0.5% suspension of these chemicals were killed in 14 days (MRID 00154694. 

Wright, M.A. and A. Stringer, 1973.). This concentration was intended to mimic what might be expected 

from soil drench treatments used in orchards. Later studies conducted by the University of Arkansas on 

10 different turf fungicides also showed that exposure to Eisenia fetida from these three fungicides were 

also found to cause significant mortality (Roark, JK.H. and J.J. Dale, 1979.). Further investigation into 

potential risks to soil invertebrates will be undertaken in the Registration Review process. 

F. Ecological Incidents 

The ecological incident information system (EIIS) is an OPP database that houses ecological 

incidents that have been reported to the Agency. When available, EIIS includes date and location 

of an incident, type and magnitude of effects observed in various species, use(s) of pesticides 
` 

29

known or suspected of contributing to the incident, and results of any chemical residue analysis or 

other analyses conducted during incident investigation. EIIS incidents are categorized according 

to the certainty that the incident resulted from pesticide exposure. The Avian Monitoring System 

(AIMS) is a database administered by the American Bird Conservancy that contains publicly 

available data on reported avian incidents involving pesticides. Many of the incidents listed in 

this database are also in the EIIS. 

EFEDs Incident Database had 3 incidents in which Thiophanate was applied and 1 incident in 

which Carbendazim (MBC) was applied. . None of these incidents involved single chemical 

applications or spills. The incidents involved runoff to a pond from golf course use (Deltamethrin 

and Imidacloprid also were both used) and a chemical warehouse fire in which many chemicals 

were washed into an adjacent stream. No certainty was assigned to TM or MBC as the causative 

agent as more toxic chemicals were also involved. A single honeybee incident is listed for TM, 

but Captan and Imidan were also used on the apple orchard adjoining the farm where the bee kill 

occurred. The Carbendazim incident in Australia involved formation of fish with multiple heads 

in a hatchery and a river near Macadamia nut plantations. Though Carbendazim was detected and 

applied at the plantations some triazines were also used. The investigation was carried out by 

Australian officials, but a causative agent was not determined with certainty. 

5. Exposure Pathways of Concern 

Thiophanate methyl may be applied for conventional uses as a foliar spray by aerial or ground 

application equipment. For this reason both spray drift and runoff may be considered primary 

routes of exposure. TM is a systemic fungicide and therefore residues are expected to collect in 

plant tissues in leaf, root and stem areas of target crops. Degradation to the more persistent MBC 

degradate in or on plants, soils or water receiving runoff or drift can be expected within days. 

Degradation to MBC in water is a more rapid process than in soils or on foliar surfaces. Major 

pathways for exposure to non-target organisms are summarized below: 

Terrestrial Organisms 

- Direct exposure to residues during application either dermally or via inhalation of spray droplets 

- Exposure to applied residues on foliar surfaces from dermal contact 

- Systemic adsorption by plants of residues through roots or foliar surfaces or from seed uses 

- Dietary exposure through feeding on vegetation or insects that have been exposed during 

application of TM either directly or via off target spray drift or from injection usage of MBC 

- Dietary exposure through ingestion of treated seeds 

- Ingestion of residues through drinking water sources such as puddles, irrigation ditches, canals, 

contaminated irrigation water or dew within or adjacent to the application site. 

Aquatic or Semi Aquatic Organisms 

- Exposure via water which has received direct spray drift 

- Dermal exposure from spray drift into littoral areas (semi aquatic plants, amphibians and semi 

aquatic insects, and reptiles) near application sites 

- Exposure to residues resulting from runoff originating on treated areas. Degradates, such as 

MBC, may be the more prevalent constituents of this runoff. 
` 

30

- Dietary ingestion of aquatic or semi aquatic plant tissues that have systemically adsorbed TM or 

MBC residues. 

Drinking water and inhalation exposure pathways were screened using the SIP (Screening 

Imbibition Program) and STIR (Screening Tool for Inhalation Risk) screening methods and were 

found to be exposure pathways of low concern (no LOC exceedances are expected). SIP and 

STIR are described in detail at: http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/terrestrial/index.htm. 

Based on an initial SIP run exposure through drinking water alone is a potential chronic concern 

for birds if the avian NOAEL is assumed to be 150 ppm. However, it should be noted that 

LOAEL were > 150 ppm with no true NOAEL established. 

Based on the initial STIR run inhalation is not expected to be a significant exposure route. 

Given the specificity of the MBC tree injection use pattern, the only viable transport mechanism 

consists of translocation/uptake to foliage, fruit, seeds and pollen in treated trees. Although there 

is the potential for MBC residues in leaves, fruits, and seeds to drop into adjacent water bodies, 

exposures to aquatic receptors via this pathway are expected to be minimal given the limited tree 

injection use pattern. Pathways for exposure to non-target terrestrial organisms are: 

‐ Dietary exposure through feeding on treated vegetation (mammals, birds, terrestrial 

insects) 

Antimicrobial Uses 

For the screening-level risk assessment, OPP presumes that Carbendazim poses potential risks to 

organisms in the aquatic environment if the active ingredient and/or any major degradates leach 

from treated exterior surfaces and are transported to impounded water bodies (e. g., ponds, lakes, 

reservoirs) or flowing waterways (e. g., streams, rivers). Active ingredient and/or degradates also 

may reach the aquatic environment via down-the-drain discharge from use on textiles. Aquatic 

organisms likely to be exposed include fish, invertebrates, and aquatic plants. For aquatic 

animals, the major route of exposure is considered to be uptake via the respiratory surface (gills) 

or the integument from surface water residues. Based on the low Kow, bioaccumulation in aquatic 

organisms is unlikely. For aquatic plants, the major route of exposure is considered to be uptake 

from surface water. 

6. Analysis Plan 

The major stressors of concern for this Problem Formulation are Thiophanate methyl and it’s 

more toxic and persistent degradate, MBC (also registered as the active ingredient, Carbendazim) 

Estimates of residue levels on terrestrial surfaces for both chemicals will be produced through use 

of TREX modeling and actual foliar surface dissipation data for both TM and MBC when 

available. The more conservative scenario will be selected for use in the characterization of risk 

to terrestrial organisms. Monitoring data from previously registered uses of Benomyl (MBC is 
` 

31

the major degradate) as well as current Thiophanate methyl or Carbendazim (MBC) uses will be 

considered in characterizing expected levels of exposure for terrestrial organisms. In addition, 

SIPS and STIR models will be employed to characterize the likelihood and levels of exposure 

from inhalation or drinking water when current application methods are employed. 

Estimates of surface and groundwater monitoring exposure levels will be modeled for both TM 

and MBC using the latest PRZM EXAMS modeling for scenarios determined to be of the highest 

concern. Groundwater exposure potential will be modeled using the latest version of the 

SCIGROW and PRZM GW models. Nationwide monitoring programs will also be consulted for 

data regarding MBC or TM detections in surface or groundwater. 

MBC/Carbendazim – conventional uses 

As a conservative screening approach, consistent with the problem formulation for debacarb (DP 

Barcode 357028), the analysis would assume the entire application/injection would be 

translocated to plant foliage/pollen and then assume that mammals/birds/terrestrial invertebrates 

consumed 100% of their diet on contaminated food items. In order to refine this exposure 

estimate, estimates of the uptake, translocation and degradation of MBC in situ would be helpful. 

Any available information on above usage (total usage and the distribution of use) will also be 

used to characterize the analysis. 

MBC/Carbendazim – Industrial uses 

For Carbendazim application to exterior structures and use in textiles, estimated acute and chronic 

exposure concentrations in surface water will be compared to acute and chronic ecotoxicity 

endpoints to determine potential risks to listed and nonlisted species for each receptor group (fish, 

aquatic invertebrates, and aquatic plants). 

A. Stressors of Concern 

Ecological Risk Assessment 

The stressors of ecological concern for terrestrial organisms are TM and its main degradate MBC. 

Submitted studies indicate that both the parent and the MBC degradate show low toxicity to birds 

on an oral or acute dietary basis No chronic avian studies have been submitted for MBC, but 

avian reproduction studies with Thiophanate methyl showed adverse effects at dietary 

concentrations 511 ppm for mallard duck (reduced egg and hatchling body weights). An avian 

reproduction study with Benomyl and measured MBC concentrations produced adverse effects to 

reproduction at 720 ppm of MBC in the diet. Based on expected concentrations of TM and MBC 

(particularly with turf and sod uses) there is chronic concern from these stressors for birds feeding 

on exposed vegetation. 

Thiophanate methyl is relatively non-toxic on an acute basis to mammals with a dietary LD50 

values of >5000 mg ai/Kg of bodyweight. The 14 day dermal LD50 value was also observed to 

be > 5000 mg/kg. The chronic NOAEL for the rat was observed to be 195 ppm for Thiophanate 
` 

32

methyl. There is chronic concern from these stressors for small mammals feeding on exposed 

vegetation. 

Thiophanate methyl has been tested with terrestrial crop plants at an application rate of 1.21 lbs 

ai/Acre with 25% effects to cucumber and soybean at 0.8 and 1.0 lbs ai/acre test concentrations. 

Other tested species were not affected by TM at 1.21 lbs ai/acre. Terrestrial plant testing data for 

the MBC degradate has not been submitted or reviewed by the Agency at this time. 

Thiophanate methyl and its MBC degradate were found to have low acute contact toxicity to the 

honey bee (Apis mellifera) with LD50 levels > 100 ug ai/bee and > 50 ug ai/bee, respectively. In 

open literature studies surveys of ryegrass/clover pastures following benomyl and carbendazim 

applications showed significant reductions in earthworm populations when compared to 

untreated areas (Keogh 1975). This trend was also noted for several earthworm species in apple 

orchards following benomyl and thiophanate methyl applications (Stringer, A. 1974) 

The major stressor of concern for aquatic organisms is MBC, which displays very high toxicity to 

aquatic invertebrates and fish and is predicted to be available in aquatic habitat due to rapid 

degradation of the parent and the relative stability of MBC. Submitted data indicate that MBC is 

acutely toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates at concentration levels ranging from 12 ppb for 

freshwater fish to 98 ppb for marine invertebrate. Chronic toxicity is indicated for freshwater 

invertebrates at 6.6 ppb and for a freshwater fish at 3.2 ppb. Toxicity data for the Thiophanate 

methyl is generally observed to be an order of magnitude less toxic than MBC with EC50 of 26.8 

ppm for the aquatic invertebrate, Daphnia magna and 8.1 ppm for rainbow trout. It should be 

noted that testing with channel catfish, by FWS labs in the 1980’s, showed this species to be more 

sensitive to both Thiophanate 70WP and MBC with LC50 levels of 30 ppb and 10 ppb, 

respectively. The marine mollusk (eastern oyster) was affected at lower levels than marine 

crustacea with an EC50 of 2200 ppb for thiophanate methyl and 1140 ppb for the MBC degradate. 

The most sensitive aquatic plant for Thiophanate methyl showed an EC50 0f 930 ppb, but 4 other 

tested species were less affected with EC50 values of > 1000 ppb observed. No aquatic plant data 

for the MBC degradate has been submitted or reviewed by the Agency at this time. 

Drinking Water 

The drinking water assessments conducted to support the registration review human health risk 

assessments of thiophanate methyl will incorporate model estimates of thiophanate methyl 

residues of concern, which arise from MBC and parent converted to MBC, and, to the extent it is 

formed, the secondary metabolite 2-A,B (A. Parmar, 06/24/09, D360625 as cited in DP Barcode: 

D397646, “Carbendazim: Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessments for the Fungicide 

Carbendazim (MBC), Including Potential Residues in Orange Juice”, 1/17/2012). However, 2-

A,B is not formed significantly in environmental waters. The thiophanate methyl / MBC residues 

of concern will be reevaluated pending receipt and review of environmental fate data that were 

unavailable at the time of writing of this Problem Formulation for reregistration. Analysis will 

include assessment of MBC alone (assuming all exposure as this moiety) as well because of 

significant chronic exposure concerns for human health risk analysis. 
` 

33

B. Measures of Exposure 

EFED will use standard available models to evaluate potential exposures to aquatic and terrestrial 

organisms as described at http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/science/models_db.htm. In addition, 

E-FAST and any additional available exposure models may be used to assess use in drains, drain 

lines, irrigation supply systems, waste water systems, sewage systems, sewer lines, and storm 

sewers. E-FAST is described in detail at http://www.epa.gov/oppt/exposure/pubs/efast.htm. 

Based on results of aquatic toxicity studies on the aquatic degradate MBC, this degradate will be 

included with Thiophanate methyl in the residues of concern modeled for aquatic exposure. 

Because Thiophanate methyl and the MBC have similar toxicity to terrestrial organisms, a total 

toxic residues approach will be used for terrestrial modeling, though chronic exposure to MBC 

will be explored in more detail as the terrestrial half-life values are longer and thus more 

persistent for this chemical. 

For Carbendazim applications to exterior surfaces, estimated environmental concentrations 

(EECs) will be modeled to provide estimates of acute and chronic exposure in the aquatic 

environment. The EECs are determined for a 1-ha, 1-m deep farm pond, based on the amount of 

Carbendazim leached from treated surfaces and the number and size of treated structures per unit 

of area. Estimates of aquatic exposure levels of the current indoor uses of Carbendazim will be 

produced through the use of Down-the Drain and PDP modules of Exposure and Fate Assessment 

Screening Tool (EFAST), version 2.0 

i. Available Monitoring Data 

The Agency is aware of monitoring conducted by federal and state agencies and this route of 

exposure will be considered in the assessment to the extent that data on Thiophanate methyl and 

MBC are available. Limited detections of MBC in surface waters were reported in the USGS 

NAWQA monitoring program. 

C. Measures of Effect 

Toxicity data presented in Section 3 of this problem formulation will be used to calculate risk 

quotients. Any additional information submitted by the registrant or found in the open literature 

prior to conduct of the risk assessment will also be considered. The open literature studies are 

identified using EPA’s ECOTOXicology database (ECOTOX) (USEPA, 2007c), which employs 

a literature search engine for locating chemical toxicity data for aquatic life, terrestrial plants, and 

wildlife. The evaluation of both sources of data can also provide insight into the direct and 

indirect effects of pesticides on biotic communities from loss of species that are sensitive to the 

chemicals and from changes in structure and functional characteristics of the affected 

communities. 
` 

34

Environmental fate studies are listed by MRID (or Accession number, the predecessor to the 

MRID document accounting system) for each guideline requirement. Several studies could not be 

unambiguously identified for this review (primarily those studies providing MBC fate data) and 

are identified as needing further review below (the associated documents could not be retrieved in 

time to be reviewed for this Problem Formulation). 
` 

35

D. Endangered Species Assessments 

Consistent with the Agency’s responsibility under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), the 

Agency will evaluate risks to federally listed threatened and/or endangered (listed) species from 

registered uses of pesticides in registration review. The process for evaluating potential risks to 

listed species is further described at 

http://www.epa.gov/oppfead1/endanger/litstatus/riskasses.htm. 

 

E. Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program 

Neither Thiophanate methyl nor Carbendazim (MBC) were included in the first group of 67 

chemicals issued an order to conduct Tier 1 EDSP testing. For additional information the EDSP 

program, visit http://www.epa.gov/endo/. 

7. Preliminary Identification of Data Gaps 

A. Environmental Fate 

Environmental fate studies are listed by MRID (or Accession number, the predecessor to the 

MRID document accounting system) for each guideline requirement. Most of the available studies 

are quite old and the reviews of them are not complete by current OPP standards; the status of 

these studies has often been updated to “in review”. Many original submissions from registrants 

were not available at the time of EFED’s evaluation and some may have to be reclassified after 

they are made available (for example, some studies with benomyl applied may have been 

previously classified as MBC studies.).The following data are required (listed by OCSPP 

Guideline number): 

 835.2120, Hydrolysis. Existing studies for TM and MBC will be re-reviewed. An additional test 

at 35 C is also required for MBC to provide additional data on the hydrolysis rate (persistent 

pesticides even with slight mobility are likely to be found in groundwater at relatively high 

concentrations unless subject to hydrolysis as predicted with the PRZM-GW model). 

e.

835.4100, Aerobic soil metabolism. Existing studies do not adequately describe the formation 

and decline of TM metabolites and there are insufficient studies with MBC applied. New studies 

are requested for both TM and MBC in three new test soils, at least one of which has a pH<6 one 

a pH <6.3 and the other a pH > 7.5 (both TM and MBC are hypothesized to be more stable in 

acidic soils). 

835.4200, Aerobic aquatic metabolism. New studies are requested for both TM and MBC in 

three new test systems, at least one of which has a pH<6 one a pH <6.3 and the other a pH > 7.5 

(both TM and MBC are hypothesized to be more stable in acidic systems). 
` 

36

1 

835.4300, Anaerobic aquatic metabolism. New studies are requested for both TM and MBC in 

three new test systems, at least one of which has a pH<6 one a pH <6.3 and the other a pH > 7.5 

(both TM and MBC are hypothesized to be more stable in acidic systems). 

835.1230. Batch equilibrium adsorption / desorption. An updated review will be conducted of 

a previously submitted study (MRID 42351001) which includes batch equilibrium adsorption 

/desorption studies for TM, MBC, and other metabolites of TM. Pending the outcome of this 

review, a new study may be required. 

Table 8. Submitted Environmental Fate Data for thiophanate methyl and MBC. 

(MBC data are in shaded rows, TM in unshaded rows. 

OCSPP 

Guideline 

Data 

Requirement Chem 

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID or 

Access. #)

Study 

Classificat

ions 

Are more 

data 

needed? 

Justification and/or Assumptions EPA will Make in 

Absence of Data - Some Example texts are include

835.2120 Hydrolysis TM 40095507 

92186016 

In Review 

NA 

TBD An updated review is needed of this 1986 study to 

provide more detail on the decline of TM and 

formation of MBC and degradates. 

This is a “Phase 3 summary” of 40095507(submitted 

1990). 

 TM 00036690 

or 

00120582 

------- 

Unknown --- 1973 “alkaline hydrolysis” study probably superseded 

by 40095507 (1986 study). If additional data are 

available from this study the status will be changed to 

“in review” until a DER is completed. 

 TM 00039706 Unknown. --- 1980 “half-life in water” study – study type will be 

ascertained and reviewed if deemed necessary to 

complete fate data requirements. 

 TM 00062540 Unknown --- 1972 study of hydrolysis at pH 10; probably 

superseded by 40095507. 

835.2120 Hydrolysis MBC 43129614 In Review Yes 1992 European study – no review located. 

TM RED indicates there is an acceptable study for 

MBC Hydrolysis but lists only MRID 40095507 – a 

TM hydrolysis rate study. 

` `00154696 Unknown --- 1984 Hydrolysis study, will be reviewed if necessary 

to supplement MRID 43129614 review. 

MBC? 00259471 

or 

00151418 

NA --- This is a 1985 benomyl hydrolysis study. Since 

benomyl hydrolyzes quickly to MBC will be reviewed 

if needed for supplemental information on MBC 

hydrolysis. 

835.2240 Aqueous 

photolysis 

TM 41482806 Acceptable No 

TM 92186017 --- 

 TM 00036697 

(same as 

00039707), 

00120625 

 Older studies, review not located. Risk assessment will 

rely on the acceptable results from 441482806.. 

 TM 00120585 Unknown Published study that could supply additional data: 

Buchenauer et a. (1973) Pestic. Sci. 4:343-348. 
` 

37

OCSPP 

Guideline 

Data 

Requirement Chem 

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID or 

Access. #)

Study 

Classificat

ions 

Are more 

data 

needed? 

Justification and/or Assumptions EPA will Make in 

Absence of Data - Some Example texts are include

835.2240 Aqueous 

photolysis 

MBC 00151419 

(benomyl, 

supplm. 

For MBC) 

In review --- Benomyl hydrolysis study (Powley, 1985), may 

contain useful supplemental information on MBC 

hydrolytic stability. See also Access. No. 00097586 – 

reported dated 1971 which may also contain a benomyl 

hydrolysis study. 

43129615 Unknown 1993 MBC “photostability” study; preliminary review 

will be conducted to see if supplemental information 

can be extracted from this study. 

MBC 120626? Not 

Reviewed 

N/A Possibly supplemental. See footnote8

835.2410 Soil photolysis TM 41482807 Acceptable No MRID 42094601 provides additional information for 

TM 42094601 Acceptable 41482807. 

835.2410 Soil photolysis MBC 00151420 Acceptable No Benomyl study – rapid and complete hydrolysis to 

MBC and used as surrogate data to meet MBC 

835.2410 requirement. 

835.4100 Aerobic soil 

metabolism 

TM+ 

MBC 

00106085 Acceptable No Most recent study with TM (1982). Degradation in 3 

test soils. Due to the rapid transformation to MBC 

(half-life <1 day in all 3 soils) study may meet 

requirements for MBC as well. 

835.4100 Aerobic soil 

metabolism 

MBC 41255801((

Benomyl 

study) 

Acceptable No Study was classified acceptable to support the 

registration of benomyl. Benomyl quickly converted to 

MBC and a MBC half-life was calculated. 

835.4200 Anaerobic soil 

metabolism 

 154699 

40158401 

N/A No This study was determined to be acceptable, however, 

this study type is no longer required. 

835.4300 Aerobic aquatic 

metabolism 

TM 45621401 Supplemen

tal 

No 2001 study classified as supplemental (water aerobic, 

sediment anaerobic). Older study exists under Access. 

# 00165361 

835.4300 Aerobic aquatic 

metabolism 

MBC 45620001 Unaccepta

ble 

No Degradation of MBC in 2 systems 

MBC 41291501 Acceptable This is a study with benomyl applied, determined to 

provide adequate information (benomyl was rapidly 

converted to MBC on the day of application in the 

study and the decline rate of MBC was calculated from 

this study.) See: EFED Benomyl RED Chapter, DP 

Barcode D264105. 

835.4400 Anaerobic 

aquatic 

metabolism 

TM 40061501 Acceptable 

835.4400 Anaerobic 

aquatic 

metabolism 

MBC 41137701 Acceptable This is a study with benomyl applied, determined to provide 

adequate information (benomyl was rapidly converted to 

MBC in the study and the decline rate of MBC was 

calculated from this study.) 

 

8

 Study type not confirmed, published article that was submitted b registrant: Helweg, A. (1977) Degradation and 

adsorption of carbendazim and 2-aminobenzimidazole in soil. Pestic. Sci. 8:71-78. (Also In unpublished submission 

received Sep 27, 1979 under 4581-340; submitted by Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL:099006-

G) 
` 

38

OCSPP 

Guideline 

Data 

Requirement Chem 

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID or 

Access. #)

Study 

Classificat

ions 

Are more 

data 

needed? 

Justification and/or Assumptions EPA will Make in 

Absence of Data - Some Example texts are include

835.1230 Adsorption/ 

Desorption 

TM 42351001 Acceptable No 

835.1230 Adsorption/ 

Desorption 

MBC 00151421+

00151422 

Acceptable No 00151421-22 are reported in the TM RED as meeting 

data requirements; these studies were to support 

benomyl registration but include experiments with 

MBC and 2-A,B. 

 MBC 42351001 Acceptable No Study also included experiments to determine ads. / 

desorption properties of TM degradates MBC, DX105, and FH-432. 

835.1410 Volatility – 

laboratory 

TM 40053210 

42380101 

Waived No MRID 42380101 was reviewed and determined to be 

supplemental but the requirement was later waived. 

 TM 41482802 N/A No Supporting study reporting vapor pressure 

835.1410 MBC None Waived No Waived in RED (2005). 

835.6100 Terrestrial field 

dissipation (TFT) 

TM 43433701+

43545801 

Acceptable 

TFT TM 41930101 Acceptable 

TFT TM 41930102 Acceptable 

TFT MBC 43941301 In review Benomyl applied. EFED RED Chapter says benomyl 

half-life was 86 days, need to confirm whether they 

meant to say that MBC half-life was 86 days. 

TFT MBC 00146415 Acceptable 

835.6100 Analytical 

method in soil 

TM 00035222 

00036685 

00053447 

00053453 

00077286 

No review 

located. 

 

835.6100 Analytical 

method in soil 

MBC 44295403 

44295402 

No review 

located. 

Yes Submitted to support benomyl registration, includes 

method for MBC in soil and an Independent 

Laboratory Validation. 

835.6100/ 

835.6200 

Analytical 

method in water 

TM 00056043 

00097927 

00062539 

No review 

located. 

Yes 

835.6100/ 

835.6200 

Analytical 

method in water 

MBC None N/A. Yes 

835.6200 Aquatic field 

dissipation 

TM None Waived No 

835.6200 Aquatic field 

dissipation 

MBC None Waived No 

MBC 41274801 In review Listed in EFED RED Chapter as fulfilling 

requirements; benomyl EFED RED chapter explains 

that this soil column leaching in rice paddy soil 

adequately met requirements for 835.6200 However, 

TM and MBC do not currently have rice or other 

aquatic uses registered. 
` 

39

OCSPP 

Guideline 

Data 

Requirement Chem 

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID or 

Access. #)

Study 

Classificat

ions 

Are more 

data 

needed? 

Justification and/or Assumptions EPA will Make in 

Absence of Data - Some Example texts are include

165-4 

(850.1730)

Fish 

bioconcentration 

TM 133504 

62545 

120570 

Waived EFED RED Chapter mentions waiver of the 165-4 

(now 850.1730) study for MBC but not for TM. 

However, no study is required for TM which converts 

to the more persistent and more tightly bound MBC 

degradate. 

165-4 

(850.1730)

Fish 

bioconcentration 

MBC 260573 Waived 
` 

40

B. Effects 

For the major degradate MBC (Carbendazim), acute and chronic toxicity data are available for 

mammals, freshwater fish, and freshwater invertebrates. Toxicity data is also available for 

terrestrial plants and for vascular and non-vascular aquatic plants for Thiophanate methyl, but not 

for the MBC degradate. In general, the data set is adequate for assessment of the TM parent with 

the exception that terrestrial plant testing should be conducted at a higher rate to reflect current 

labels. No avian chronic data is available for the MBC degradate and expected MBC EECs 

exceed the NOAEL observed and tested in the Thiophanate avian reproduction study with the 

Mallard duck. 

Table 9. Submitted Aquatic Ecological Effects Data for Thiophanate methyl

OCSPP 

Guideline 

Data 

Requirement 

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID) 

Study 

Classifications 

Are further 

data needed 

to conduct 

risk 

assessment? 

Comments 

 850.1010 Freshwater 

invertebrate 

acute toxicity 

40095505 supplemental No 

00069601 supplemental 

42298101 acceptable 

00069602 

00120662 

supplemental 

 40995506 supplemental With Topsin 70WP 

 

N.G. Crayfish acute 00097506 

00106092 

supplemental 

850.1025 

850.1035 

850.1045 

850.1055 

Saltwater 

invertebrate 

acute toxicity 

42123502 supplemental No The only acceptable data are with a 

product. However, further testing is 

not required 

00069603 acceptable 

00083016 supplemental 

 Mollusc study 42094602 supplemental No Minimal shell growth not attained in 

controls. However we have 

acceptable estuarine mollusc data on 

the MBC degradate 

 00120660 invalid 

850.1075 Freshwater fish 

acute toxicity 

00097506 

00108092 

acceptable No Adequate acute toxicity data has 

been generated for fish 

42887001 acceptable 

00083015-

Rainbow 

trout 

acceptable 
` 

41

OCSPP 

Guideline 

Data 

Requirement 

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID) 

Study 

Classifications 

Are further 

data needed 

to conduct 

risk 

assessment? 

Comments 

00083015 

Bluegill 

acceptable 

42123501 acceptable 

00081598 

00041990 

acceptable 

TN 0635 supplemental 

00041990 No relevant Summary of 00081598 

00050516 supplemental 

00055944 

00088453 

00062534 

Invalid 

 00065065 invalid Open literature-no raw data 

 41560901 invalid 

 850.1075 Saltwater fish 

acute toxicity 

42123503 acceptable No 

 850.1300 Freshwater 

invertebrate 

life cycle 

No data No No Chronic data for the MBC degradate 

is available 

 850.1350 Saltwater 

invertebrates 

life cycle 

No data No No Chronic data for the MBC degradate 

is available 

 850.1400 Freshwater fish 

early-life stage 

No data No No Chronic data for the MBC degradate 

is available for two species

 850.1400 Saltwater fish 

early-life stage 

No data No No surrogate chronic data with MBC 

has been submitted for a marine 

species 

 850.1500 Fish life cycle No data -- 

850.4400 Aquatic plant 

Toxicity Test 

using Lemna 

spp. 

42123505 acceptable No -- 

850.4500 

850.4550 

Algal toxicity 

Cyanobacteria 

42229802 acceptable No 

42229801 acceptable No 

42229803 acceptable No 

42298102 acceptable No 

 
` 

42

OCSPP 

Guideline 

Data 

Requirement 

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID) 

Study 

Classifications 

Are further 

data needed 

to conduct 

risk 

assessment? 

Comments 

850-1735 Sediment 

Toxicity Test 

with Aquatic 

Invertebrate 

No data No This requirement should be fulfilled 

by chronic exposure testing with the 

MBC degradate 

Table 10. Submitted Terrestrial Ecological Effects Data for Thiophanate methyl

OCSPP 

Guideline 

Data 

Requirement 

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID) 

Study 

Classifications 

Are data 

needed for 

risk 

assessment? 

Comments 

 850.2100 Avian oral 

toxicity 

00083012 acceptable No 

00121596 acceptable 

00042894 

00056033 

00098146 

00120567 

Invalid Japanese quail – same study- multiple 

MRIDs 

 

 850.2200 Avian dietary 

toxicity 

00069600 acceptable No 

00083013 acceptable 

00083014 acceptable 

41930104 acceptable 

 41930103 Supplemental LC50 > 3882 PPM (mean measured 

concentration) 

 850.2300 Avian 

reproduction 

42474801 acceptable No Egg size and body weight of Mallard 

offspring effected (42474801) at 500 

PPM with NOAEL at 103 ppm 00120658 acceptable 

00120659 acceptable 

42930701 acceptable 

 42475201 Invalid 

Nonguideline Avian 

inhalation 

No data No 

 Acute oral 

mammal-rat 

41644301 Valid 96.55 % technical 

 Acute oral 

mammalmouse 

00057655 Valid 

 850.3020 Honey bee 

acute contact 

40053209 acceptable No -- 
` 

43

OCSPP 

Guideline 

Data 

Requirement 

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID) 

Study 

Classifications 

Are data 

needed for 

risk 

assessment? 

Comments 

toxicity 00080286 No-Insufficient 

data 

 

850.3030 Honey bee 

residue on 

foliage 

00163178 No letter summarizing research 

OECD 

213 

Honey bee 

acute Oral 

Toxicity 

No Data Yes Exposure of honey bees to TM via oral 

routes is expected based on magnitude 

of residue studies 

OECD 

237 

Honey bee 

Larval 

Toxicity Test 

No Data Yes Exposure of honey bees to TM via oral 

routes is expected based on magnitude 

of residue studies 

 850.3040 Field testing 

for pollinators 

No data No -- 

850.4100 Seedling 

Emergence 

and Seedling 

Growth 

42123504 

44237401 

44404101 

Acceptable for 

up to 1.4 lbs 

ai/Acre rate 

Yes Data is acceptable to for application 

rates < 1.4 lbs ai/Acre; Data are needed 

for higher applications 

850.4150 Vegetative 

Vigor 

42123504 

44237401 

44404101 

Acceptable for 

up to 1.4 lbs 

ai/Acre rate 

Yes Data is acceptable to for application 

rates < 1.4 lbs ai/Acre; Data are needed 

for higher applications 

Table 11. Aquatic Ecological Effects Data for the MBC1

 Degradate (Carbendazim; PC Code 128872)

OCSPP 

Guideline 

Data 

Requirement 

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID) 

Study 

Classifications 

Are data 

needed for 

risk 

assessment? 

Current Additional Data Need 

850.1010 Freshwater 

invertebrate 

43205502 supplemental No 

00154467 acceptable 

42414201 MBC data submitted for Benomylcontract draft- acceptable 

00154693 Open litsupplemental Benomyl, Thiophanate and MBC 

toxicity to 4 FW organisms 

 850.1075 Freshwater fish 

acute toxicity 

00154690 supplemental No Conducted with 50WP formulation 

00154691 unacceptable 

00165115 
` 

44

OCSPP 

Guideline 

Data 

Requirement 

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID) 

Study 

Classifications 

Are data 

needed for 

risk 

assessment? 

Current Additional Data Need 

43129606 supplemental 

43129607 acceptable 

40098001 supplemental 

USFWS 

10 study results with LC50 range from 

7.4 to 650 ppb. Different age ranges. 

00154692 supplemental Summary report for MBC tests 

conducted by USFWS 

 

 850.1300 Freshwater 

invertebrate 

life cycle 

 

40987901 

Hutton, 

1986 

acceptable No MBC study conducted for Benomyl 

42529401 acceptable No MBC study conducted for Benomyl 

850.1400 Fish Early Life 

stage 

43011801 acceptable No MBC study conducted for Benomyl 

 43872801 In review 

850.1025 

850.1035 

850.1045 

850.1055 

Estuarine/Marine 

Invertebrate 

acute 

40964701 

with Mysid 

acceptable No 

 Acute Marine 

Mollusc 

40975002 

Eastern 

oyster 

acceptable No 

850.1075 Estuarine Marine 

fish acute 

40975001 

Sheepshead 

minnow 

Core No 

850.1350 Estuarine/Marine 

Invertebrate 

chronic 

42723701 

see 

benomyl 

acceptable No MBC study conducted for Benomyl 

with Mysid 

850.4400 Aquatic plant 

growth: 

Tier II vascular 

plants 

43913601 supplemental Yes This test is with a 

Flusilazole/Carbendazim mixture 

product 

850.4500 

850.4550 

Aquatic nonvascular plants No data No data Yes 

1

MBC=Methyl-2-benzimidazolecarbamate is the major degradate of Benomyl and Thiophanate methyl 
` 

45

Table 12. Terrestrial Effects Data for the MBC Degradate (Carbendazim; PC Code 128872)

OCSPP 

Guideline 

Data 

Requirement 

Submitted 

Studies 

(MRID) 

Study 

Classifications 

Are data 

needed for 

risk 

assessment? 

Comments for Clarification or on 

Additional Data Needs 

 850.2100 Avian oral 

toxicity 

43129604 acceptable No 

00154667 acceptable 

 850.2200 Avian dietary 

toxicity 

00154688 acceptable No - 

00154689 acceptable 

43129605 acceptable 

43205501 supplemental 40% mortality at 4467 ppm 

 00165113 IBT study submitted with Carbendazim 

 00165114 IBT study submitted with Carbendazim 

 850.2300 Avian 

reproduction 

44103001 acceptable No Acceptable reproduction studies for 

Benomyl measured MBC 

concentration levels in the diet-adverse 

effects observed at 720 ppm in Mallard 

ducks 

44103002 acceptable 

Nonguideline Avian 

inhalation 

No data No 

 850.3020 Honey bee 

acute contact 

toxicity 

00154695 acceptable No LD50 >50 ug ai/bee 

OECD 

213 

Honey bee 

acute Oral 

Toxicity 

No Data Yes Exposure of honey bees to MBC via 

oral routes is expected based on 

magnitude of residue studies 

OECD 

237 

Honey bee 

Larval 

Toxicity Test 

No Data Yes Exposure of honey bees to MBC via 

oral routes is expected based on 

magnitude of residue studies 

850.3030 Honey bee 

residue on 

foliage 

No data No -- 

 850.3040 Field testing 

for pollinators 

No data No -- 

850.4100 Seedling 

Emergence 

and Seedling 

Growth 

No data No Data requirement addressed with TM 

850.4150 Vegetative 

Vigor 

No Data Data requirement addressed with TM 

 Earthworm 

Toxicity 

154694 Supplemental No 

47807011 Supplemental With Ecolan a mixture of Trifluralin 

and Carbendazim 

 
` 

46

Guideline Number: 850.4100 and 850.4150 - Requested in Previous RED 

Study Title: Terrestrial Plant Seedling Emergence and Vegetative Vigor at highest labeled 

rate for crop use of Thiophanate methyl 

Rationale for Requiring the Data

Tier I tests were conducted using technical TM: MRID 44104101 and 42123504 for seedling 

emergence and vegetative vigor, respectively. The maximum dosage tested was 1.4 lbs ai per 

acre. These data are not useful for risk assessment purposed because the maximum label rate 

exceeds the maximum rate tested. Tier 1 seedling emergence and vegetative vigor tests are 

needed at the maximum application rate for TM. Pending results of Tier 1 tests, Tier 2 tests may 

be required (e.g., if effects are statistically significant and/or greater than 25% relative to 

controls). 

Practical Utility of the Data

These data will enable risk assessment of TM applications to terrestrial plants. Absence such 

data, risk to terrestrial plants at higher application rates may have to be presumed, which will 

greatly increase concerns with listed species determinations. 

MBC data Requested to Alleviate Uncertainties regarding MBC Degradate Toxicity and 

Risk from Uses of Thiophanate methyl 

Guideline Number: 850.4400, 850.4500 and 850.4550

Study Title: Aquatic Plant Acute Toxicity testing with MBC

Rationale for Requiring the Data

Based on expected concentrations of MBC in the aquatic environment 850.4400, 850.4500 and 850.4550 

toxicity to aquatic plants are required to assess potential impacts to this group. No data on MBC toxicity 

to aquatic plants was submitted. Given that MBC is substantially more toxic than TM to aquatic animals, 

data are needed to assess risk to aquatic plants.

Practical Utility of the Data

MBC is expected to be present in aquatic environments and has been shown to be toxic to 

aquatic plants in open literature studies . Without acceptable studies risk to plants from this 

degradate of TM cannot be assessed with certainty. 
` 

47

Guideline Number: OECD 213

Study Title: Honey bee Adult Acute Oral Toxicity Testing with TM and MBC degradate

Rationale for Requiring the Data

Thiophanate methyl and it’s degradate MBC are systemic fungicides which may be transported 

into foliar tissues and pollen of exposed plants and thus be secondarily ingested by pollinators. 

Although on an acute contact basis, TM and MBC are practically non-toxic to adult honey bees, 

their toxicity on an acute oral basis is not known. Past experience indicates contact toxicity is 

not a reliable indicator of oral toxicity in bees. Available information from magnitude of residue 

studies indicates both TM and MBC will be present in and/or on plant tissues. 

Practical Utility of the Data

These data are needed in order to assess potential risks of TM and MBC residues in pollen and 

nectar to bees. 

Guideline Number: OECD 237

Study Title: Honey bee Larval Toxicity Test, Single Exposure with TM and MBC degradate

Rationale for Requiring the Data

Thiophanate methyl and it’s degradate MBC are systemic fungicides which may be transported 

into pollen of exposed plants and thus be transported back to the hive and ingested by honeybee 

larvae. No data are available to evaluate the toxicity of TM and MBC to honey bee larvae. Past 

experience indicates that adult contact toxicity is not a reliable indicator of pesticide toxicity to 

larvae. 

Practical Utility of the Data

These data are needed in order to assess potential risks of TM and MBC residues in pollen and 

nectar to larval bees. 

Guideline Number: Non-Guideline

Study Title: Whole sediment Chronic toxicity test for aquatic invertebrates

Rationale for Requiring the Data

Based on current proposed uses of TM the MBC degradate is expected to reach in the benthic 

aquatic environment and partition to sediments based on Koc values > 1000 for MBC, 

persistence in aerobic soil of >10 days. Evaluation of estimated concentrations of MBC 

degradate in pore water relative to chronic toxicity to freshwater invertebrates suggests potential 

risks to benthic invertebrates. Sediment toxicity tests evaluate exposure not only through pore 

water, but also through ingestion of sediment particles and food. Whole sediment chronic 

toxicity test for aquatic invertebrates are therefore requested per 40 CFR Part 158 requirements. 

Practical Utility of the Data

Receipt of this information will enable risk assessment to benthic invertebrates to be evaluated 

for the MBC degradate from all relevant routes of exposure and for species that are present in the 

sediments. 

8. References 
` 

48

See also Appendix C for a list of studies submitted to the Agency to meet Environmental Fate or 

Ecological Effects data requirements for Thiophanate methyl and Carbendazim (MBC). 

Bohaty, R.F.H.; W. Eckel, K. White, and D. Young. 2012 (USEPA). Standard Operating 

Procedure for Using the NAFTA Guidance to Calculate Representative Half-life Values 

and Characterizing Pesticide Degradation (November 30, 2012). Available at: 

http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/ecorisk_ders/degradation_kinetics/ftt_sop_using_nafta_gui

dance.pdf

Jones, R.D. et al., 2000. Guidance for use of the Index Reservoir and Percent Crop Area Factor in 

Drinking Water Assessments (March 21, 2000). Office of Pesticide Programs, 

Environmental Fate and Effects Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 

Arlington, VA. 

USEPA. 1999. Guidance for Use of the Index Reservoir in Drinking Water Exposure 

Assessments. Arlington, VA. 

USEPA. 2000. Drinking Water Screening Level Assessment. Part A: Applying a Percent Crop 

Area Adjustment to Tier II Surface Water Model Estimates for Pesticide Drinking Water 

Exposure Assessments. FQPA Science Policy Document .Public Comment Draft 

September 1, 2000. Federal Register: October 11, 2000 (volume 65, number 197). 

Electronic copy available at http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/trac/science/ . 

U.S. EPA. 2003b. Use of Regional Percent Crop Area Factors in Refined Drinking Water 

Assessments. US EPA Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP), Environmental Fate and 

Effects Division (EFED), Water Quality Technical Team (WQTT). Arlington, VA 

USEPA, 2003c. SCI-GROW 2.3: Windows Version of SCI-GROW. September 30, 2003. Office 

of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division, U.S. Environmental 

Protection Agency. Arlington, VA. 

USEPA. 2004. Overview of the Ecological Risk Assessment Process in the Office of Pesticide 

Programs. United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Environmental 

Fate and Effects Division. Office of Pesticide Programs. Available at 

http://www.epa.gov/espp/consultation/ecorisk-overview.pdf. 

USEPA. 2007a. Ecological Incident Information System. 

http://www.epa.gov/espp/consultation/ecorisk-overview.pdf

USEPA. 2007b. ECOTOXicology Database. Office of Research and Development National 

Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory’s (NHEERL’s) Mid-Continent 

Ecology Division (MED). http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/
` 

49

USEPA. 2009c. Guidance for Selecting Input Parameters in Modeling the Environmental Fate 

and Transport of Pesticides. Version 2.1. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office 

of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Fate and Effects Division, Oct. 22, 2009. Online at: 

http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/water/input_parameter_guidance.htm

USEPA 2013. Usage/Use Report Package in Support of Registration Review Carbendazim 

(128872). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Chemical Safety and 

Pollution Prevention, Biological and Economic Analysis Division. November 25, 2013. 

USEPA. 2013. Screening Level Usage Analysis. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office 

of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, Biological and Economic Analysis Division. 

May 7, 2013. 

Toxicity References 

References cited in this document, but not contained in the citations included in Appendix C. 

Canton, J.H. 1976. The Toxicity of Benomyl, Thiophanate-methyl, and BCM to Four Freshwater 

Organisms. Bull. Of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Vol. 16, No. 2 

Roark, J.H. and J.L. Dale, 1979. The Effect of Turf Fungicides on Earthworms. Arkansas 

Academy of Science proceedings, Vol. XXXIII, 1979. 

Stringer, A. and Clive H. Lyons, 1974. The Effect of Benomyl and Thiophanate-methyl on 

Earthworm Populations in Apple Orchards. Pesticide Science, 1974, 5. 189-196
` 

50

9. Appendices 

A. SIP and STIR Results 

STIR Model INPUT/OUTPUT 

Welcome to 

the EFED 

Physical Chemistry, Application Methods, 

and Model Parameters 

Screening Tool 

for Inhalation Risk 

Pesticid

e 

Applicati

on Rate 

(lb 

ai/acre) 2.8 

This tool is designed to provide the 

risk assessor with a rapid method for 

determining the potential 

Pesticid

e 

Applicati

on Rate 

(mg/cm2

) 

3.14E02 

significance of the inhalation 

exposure route to birds and 

mammals in a risk assessment. 

Saturate

d Air 

Vapor 

Concent

ration 

(mg/m3) 

0.23954

3644 

This is the theoretical 

maximum pure product 

air concentration at a 

temperature of 25oC 

and pressure 1atm 

 

Height 

of Direct 

Spray 

Column 

(m) 1 

Note: Assumes 3.3 m 

for aerial and 1m for 

ground 

Input 

 

 

Duration 

of Direct 

Spray 

Inhalatio

n (min) 0.5 

Note: Assumes 1.5 

minutes for aerial and 

30 seconds for ground 

Application and 

Chemical 

Information 

Air 

Column 

Concent

ration 

After 

Spray 

(mg/cm3

) 

0.00031

3838 

Enter Chemical Name 

Thioph

anate 

methyl 

*Fractio

n of 

Spray 0.9 

Modify the fraction of 

spray inhaled here to 

account for the droplet 
` 

51

Inhaled distribution specified on 

the label 

Enter Chemical Use 

Fungici

de 

Is the Application a 

Spray? (enter y or n) y 

If Spray What Type 

(enter ground or air) ground 

Avian 

Calcula

tions 

Enter Chemical 

Molecular Weight 

(g/mole) 342.4 

Animal 

Wt from 

Oral 

Study 

(kg) 0.178 

Enter Chemical Vapor 

Pressure (mmHg) 

1.30E05 

Bird Wt 

Assume

d (kg) 0.02 

Enter Application Rate 

(lb a.i./acre) 2.8 

Vapor 

Inhalatio

n Dose 

(mg/kgbw) 0.03011

193 

 

Inhalatio

n Rate 

(cm

3/hr) 

2514.10

8068 

Note: Uses USEPA 

(1993) approach, 

resting rate multiplied 

by 3 

Toxicity Properties 

Estimat

ed 

Avian 

Inhalatio

n LD50

(mg/kg) 

35910.9

2612 

Bird 

Adjuste

d Avian 

Inhalatio

n LD50

(mg/kg) 

#VALUE

! 

Enter Lowest Bird Oral 

LD50 (mg/kg bw) 4640 

Spray 

Droplet 

inhalatio

n Dose 

(mg/kgbw) 0.29588

3798 

Enter Mineau Scaling 

Factor 1.50. 

Enter Tested Bird 

Weight (kg) 0.178 

Mammal 

Mamma

lian 

Calcula

tions 

Enter Lowest Rat Oral 

LD50 (mg/kg bw) 5000 

Animal 

Wt from 

Inhalatio

n Study 0.35 

Note: Most inhalation 

toxicity "six pack" 

studies use the rat 

whose default weight is 
` 

52

(kg) 0.35 kg 

Enter Lowest Rat 

Inhalation LC50 (mg/L) 5000 

Mammal 

Wt 

Assume

d (kg) 0.015 

Duration of Rat 

Inhalation Study (hrs) 4 

Inhalatio

n Rate 

2370.19

8518 

Note: Uses USEPA 

(1993) approach, 

resting rate multiplied 

by 3 

Enter Rat Weight (kg) 0.35 

Vapor 

Inhalatio

n Dose 

(mg/kgbw) 0.03785

1066 

 

Mammal

ian 

Inhalatio

n LD50

(mg/kg) 

135439.

9153 

Note: Converted from 

an LC50 to an LD50 

based on the weight of 

the test animal, the 

default is a 0.35 kg rat 

Output 

Adjuste

d 

Mammal

ian LD50

(mg/kg) 

297673.

9771 

Note: Mammalian LD50 

adjusted from 350g rat 

to 15 g mammal 

Results Avian 

(0.020 kg ) 

Spray 

Droplet 

Inhalatio

n Dose 

(mg/kgbw) 0.37192

9565 

Maximum Vapor 

Concentration in Air at 

Saturation (mg/m3) 

2.40E01 

Maximum 1-hour 

Vapor Inhalation Dose 

(mg/kg) 

3.01E02 ground 

Adjusted Inhalation 

LD50 

#VALU

E! air 

Ratio of Vapor Dose to 

Adjusted Inhalation 

LD50

#VALU

E! 

#VALUE

! y 

Maximum Posttreatment Spray 

Inhalation Dose 

(mg/kg) 

2.96E01 n 

Ratio of Droplet 

Inhalation Dose to 

Adjusted Inhalation 

LD50 

#VALU

E! 

#VALUE

! 

 

Results 

Mammalian 

(0.015 kg ) 

Maximum Vapor 2.40E- 
` 

53

Concentration in Air at 

Saturation (mg/m3) 

01 

Maximum 1-hour 

Vapor Inhalation Dose 

(mg/kg) 

3.79E02 

Adjusted Inhalation 

LD50 

2.98E+

05 

Ratio of Vapor Dose to 

Adjusted Inhalation 

LD50

1.27E07 

Exposur

e not 

Likely 

Significa

nt 

Maximum Posttreatment Spray 

Inhalation Dose 

(mg/kg) 

3.72E01 

Ratio of Droplet 

Inhalation Dose to 

Adjusted Inhalation 

LD50 

1.25E06 

Exposur

e not 

Likely 

Significa

nt 

SIPS 1.0 INPUT/OUTPUT 

 

Table 1. Inputs 

Parameter Value 

Chemical name Thiophanate methyl 

Solubility (in water at 25oC; mg/L) 8 

 

Mammalian LD50 (mg/kg-bw) 5000 

Mammalian test species laboratory rat 

Body weight (g) of "other" mammalian species 

 

Mammalian NOAEL (mg/kg-bw) 5000 

Mammalian test species laboratory rat 

Body weight (g) of "other" mammalian species 

 

Avian LD50 (mg/kg-bw) 4640 

Avian test species northern bobwhite quail 

Body weight (g) of "other" avian species 

Mineau scaling factor 1.15 

 

Mallard NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) 103 

Bobwhite quail NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) 150 

NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) for other bird species 

Body weight (g) of other avian species 

NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) for 2nd other bird species 

Body weight (g) of 2nd other avian species 

 

 
` 

54

 

 

 

Table 2. Mammalian Results 

Parameter Acute Chronic 

Upper bound exposure (mg/kg-bw) 1.3760 1.3760 

Adjusted toxicity value (mg/kg-bw) 3845.8028 3845.8028 

Ratio of exposure to toxicity 0.0004 0.0004 

Conclusion* 

Drinking water exposure 

alone is NOT a potential 

concern for mammals 

Drinking water exposure 

alone is NOT a potential 

concern for mammals 

 

Table 3. Avian Results 

Parameter Acute Chronic 

Upper bound exposure (mg/kg-bw) 6.4800 6.4800 

Adjusted toxicity value (mg/kg-bw) 3342.7930 5.1101 

Ratio of exposure to acute toxicity 0.0019 1.2681 

Conclusion* 

Drinking water exposure 

alone is NOT a potential 

concern for birds 

Exposure through 

drinking water alone is a 

potential concern for 

birds 

 

*Conclusion is for drinking water exposure alone. This does not combine all routes of exposure. Therefore, when 

aggregated with other routes (i.e., diet, inhalation, dermal), pesticide exposure through drinking water may contribute to 

a total exposure that has potential for effects to non-target animals. 

 

 
` 

55

B. Structures of Thiophanate Methyl and Degradates 

Table 13. Structures and properties of thiophanate methyl and its degradates. 

Thiophanate Methyl (parent) 

IUPAC Name: Dimethyl 4,4'-o-phenylenebis(3-thioallphanate) 

CAS name: Dimethyl((1,2,-phenylene)bis(iminocarbonothioyl))bis(carbamate) 

CAS #: 23564-05-8 

SMILES: S=C(N)N(C(=O)OC)c1ccccc1N(C(=O)OC)C(N)=S 

Molecular Formula: C12H14N4O4S2 

Average mass: 342.394012 Da 

Synonyms: Carbamic acid, [1,2-phenylenebis(iminocarbonthioyl)]bis-dimethyl ester. 

 Bis(3-(methoxycaronyl)-2-thioreido)benzene. 

 Dimethyl 1,2-phenylenebis(carbamothioylcarbamate). 

 Methyl thiophanate. 

Topsin M, Cercobin M, Thiophanate M, Banrot, Fungo, TD-1771, NF-44, Enovit Methyl, 

Duosan, Systec. 

NHCS.NHCO.OCH3

NHCS.NHCO.OCH3

*

Carbendazim (HOE 017411)

IUPAC Name: methyl benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate 

N

N NH OMe

H O

*

C OCH3

AV-1951

IUPAC Name: 2(N-methoxy carbonyl thioureido) phenylenelthiourea 
` 

56

NHCNHCOCH3

NHCNH2

S O

S

2-AB

IUPAC Name: 2-Aminobenzimidazole 

N

H

N

C NH2

4-OH-TM

IUPAC Name: Dimethyl[1,2-(4-hydroxyphenylene)bis(imonocarbonothioyl)]bis 

(carbamate) 

NHCNHCOCH3

HO NHCNHCOCH3

S O

S O

DX105: 

methyl N-[2-(N'-methoxycarbony1thioureido)pheny1-aminocarbony1]carbamate 

1-(3-methoxycarbony1-2-thioureido)-2-(3-methoxycarbony1ureido) 

benzene 

OR 

Methyl-N-[2-(N’-methoxycarbonyl-thioureido)phenylaminocarbonyl]carbamate 
` 

57

FH-432: 

dimethyl-4,4'-o-phenylenebis-al1ophanate 

or 

carbamic acid, N,N'-[1,2-phenylenebis(iminocarbonyl)]bis-, dimethyl ester

SMILES: O=C(Nc1ccccc1NC(=O)NC(=O)OC)NC(=O)OC 

Molecular Formula: C12H14N4O6 

Average mass: 310.262787 Da 

C. OPPIN Bibliography of Environmental Fate and Ecological 

Effects Studies Submitted to support the Registrations of 

Thiophanate Methyl or MBC 

102001 Thiophanate methyl Eco Effects Bibliography 
` 

58

(checked 06-10-2013.) 

Avian Single Dose Oral Toxicity 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

42894 or 

56033 

2004902 

2004962 

W.A. Cleary Corporation (19??) Oral Toxicity to Japanese Quails. 

(Unpublished study received Mar 4, 1971 under unknown admin. no.; 

CDL:104612-C or CDL:132787-B) 

55934 2004846 

Pg.3-4 

Accession 

No.127270

Hashimoto, Y.; Noguchi, T.; Makita, T.; et al. (1970) Toxicological 

Evaluation of Thiophanate-methyl (I) Acute and Sub-acute Toxicity of 

Thiophanate-methyl. (Unpublished study received Feb 17, 1972 under 

unknown admin. no.; prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Japan, 

submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Agchem Div., King of Prussia, Pa.; 

CDL:127270-L) 

83012 2004878 

2004946 

Fink, R.; Beavers, J.B.; Brown, R. (1977) Final Report: Acute Oral LD50--

Bobwhite Quail: Project No. 110-118. (Unpublished study received Nov 

8, 1977 under 4581-322; prepared by Wildlife Inter- national, Ltd. and 

Washington College, submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; 

CDL:232169-B) 

98146 2004928 W.A. Cleary Corporation (19??) Oral Toxicity to Japanese Quails: 

?Thiophanate-methyl|. (Unpublished study received Mar 16, 1971 under 

1001-51; CDL:101533-B) 

120567 2004902 W.A. Cleary Corp. (19??) Oral Toxicity to Japanese Quails. (Unpublished study received Mar 16, 1971 under 1001-50; CDL:022098-C) 

121596 2004910 Fink, R.; Beavers, J.; Brown, R. (1977) Acute Oral LD50--Mallard Duck: 

Topsin M Technical: Project No. 110-119. Final rept. (Unpublished study 

received May 12, 1978 under 4581-322; pre- pared by Wildlife 

International Ltd. and Washington College, submitted by Agchem Div., 

Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL:233882-B) ID=NAOTHIO1 on the 

DER

48146 2004858 ICI United States, Incorporated (1975?) PP588 2E: Toxicology. Summary 

of studies 226444-C through 226444-J. (Unpublished study received on 

unknown date under unknown admin. no.; CDL: 226444-B) 

92186003 Summary 

of MRID 

00083012 

Shellenberger, T. (1990) Pennwalt Corporation Phase 3 Summary of 

MRID 00083012. Topsin M - Acute Oral LD50 Test - Bobwhite Quail: 

Project No. 110- 118. Prepared by WILDLIFE INTERNATIONAL, LTD. 11 

p. 

92186004 Summary 

of MRID 

00121596 

Shellenberger, T. (1990) Pennwalt Corporation Phase 3 Summary of 

MRID 00121596. Topsin M-Acute Oral LD50 Test - Mallard Duck: Project 

No. 110-119. Prepared by Wildlife International, LTD. 11 p. 

Avian Dietary Toxicity 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 
` 

59

69600 2004920 

2004964 

Fink, R.; Beavers, J.B.; Brown, R. (1977) Final Report: Eight-day Dietary 

LC50--Bobwhite Quail: Project No. 110-116. (Unpublished study received 

Nov 8, 1977 under 4581-322; prepared by Wildlife International, Ltd. and 

Washington College, submitted by Penn- walt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; 

CDL:232169-D) 

83013 2004966 Fink, R. (1975) Final Report: Eight-day Dietary LCI50^--Bobwhite Quail: 

Project No. 110-107. (Unpublished study received Nov 8, 1977 under 

4581-322; prepared by Truslow Farms, Inc., submitted by Pennwalt 

Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:232169-C) 

83014 2004907 

2004940 

Fink, R. (1975) Final Report: Eight-day Dietary LCI50^--Mallard Ducks: 

Project No. 110-108. (Unpublished study received Nov 8, 1977 under 

4581-322; prepared by Truslow Farms, Inc., submitted by Pennwalt 

Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:232169-E) 

41930103 2057707-

contract 

draft 

Pedersen, C.; Helsten, B. (1991) Thiophanate-Methyl: 8-Day Acute 

Dietary LC50 in Mallard Ducklings: Final Report: Lab Project Number 

BLAL 90-DC-150. Unpublished study prepared by Bio-Life Assoc., Ltd. 

53 p. 

41930104 2080562 

2080562- 

contract 

draft 

Pedersen,C.; Helsten, B. (1991) Thiophanate-Methyl: 8-Day Acute 

Dietary LC50 Study in Mallard Ducklings: Final Report: Lab Pro- ject 

Number: BLAL 90-DC 150-A. Unpublished study prepared by Bio-Life 

Assoc., Ltd. 58 p. 

92186005 Summary 

of MRID 

00069600 

Shellenberger, T. (1990) Pennwalt Corporation Phase 3 Summary of 

MRID 00069600. Eight-day Dietary LC50 of Topsin M Technical to 

Bobwhite Quail: Project No. 110-116. Prepared by Wildlife International, 

Ltd. 12 p. 

Avian Reproduction 

MRID Citation Reference 

108872 2004948 Cannon Laboratories, Inc. (19??) Avian Reproduction: No. 777-40. 

(Unpublished study received Jul 26, 1977 under 4581-322; submitted by Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL: 

236529-A) 

120658 2004929 Krize, J. (1978) Reproduction Study of Topsin M Technical 94% (N.B. 

77-126-4) in Bobwhite Quail: Laboratory No. 7E-7561. (Unpublished 

study received May 12, 1978 under 4581-322; pre- pared by Cannon 

Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., 

Philadelphia, PA; CDL:233882-C) 

120659 2004949 Krize, J. (1978) Reproduction Study of Topsin M Technical 94% (N.B.-

-77-126-4) in Mallard Ducks: Laboratory No. 7E-7562. (Unpublished 

study received May 12, 1978 under 4581-322; pre- pared by Cannon 

Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., 

Philadelphia, PA; CDL:233882-D) 

42474801 2078055 

2082513-

contract draft 

Pedersen, C.; Lesar, C. (1992) Thiophanate-methyl: Toxicity and 

Reproduction Study in Mallard Ducks: Lab Project Number: 89 DR 36. 

Unpublished study prepared by Bio-Life Associates, Ltd. 399 p. 
` 

60

42475201 2078056 

2004957= 

memo 

Pedersen, C.; Fletcher, D.; Lesar, C. (1992) Thiophanate-methyl: 

Toxicity and Reproduction Study in Bobwhite Quail: Lab Project 

Number: 89 QR 40. Unpublished study prepared by Bio-Life 

Associates, Ltd. 443 p. 

42930701 2004916 

2004975= 

memo 

Pedersen, C.; Solatycki, A. (1993) Thiophanate-methyl: Toxicity and 

Reproduction Study in Bobwhite Quail: Lab Project Number: 106-014-

07. Unpublished study prepared by Bio-life Associates, Ltd. 443 p. 

Acute Toxicity to Freshwater Fish 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

50516 or 

57655 or 

80283 

2004898 

2004922 

Noguchi, T.; Hashimoto, Y.; Makita, T.; et al. (1970) Toxicological 

Evaluation of Thiophanate-methyl: (I) Acute and Sub-acute Tox- icity 

of Thiophanate-methyl. (Unpublished study received Sep 5, 1972 

under 2G1249; prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Japan, submitted 

by Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:091777-K) 

81598 2004926 Krize, J.W. (1978) 96-hour Static LC50 in Bluegill Sunfish: Laboratory No. 8E-3306. (Unpublished study received Sep 27, 1979 un- der 

4581-340; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by 

Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:099011-R) 

83015 

Or 39709 

2004927 

2004961 

Kuc, W.J. (1977) The Acute Toxicity of Topsin^(R)I M Fungicide 70% 

W.P. to the Bluegill Sunfish,~Lepomis macrochirus~Rafinesque and 

Rainbow Trout,~Salmo gairdneri~Richardson: UCES Project # 11506- 

41-02. (Unpublished study received Nov 8, 1977 under 4581-322; 

prepared by Union Carbide Corp., submitted by Pennwalt Corp., 

Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:232169-F) 

97506 or 

106092 

2007909 

2007910 

2004950= 

lab audit 

Bailey, H.C. (1981) Acute Toxicity of Topsin^(R)I M Fungicide to 

Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and Louisiana Red Crayfish 

(Procambarus clarkii): SRI Project LSC-1514. Final rept. (Unpublished 

study received Mar 22, 1982 under 4581-322; prepared by SRI 

International, submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; 

CDL:070726-A) 

41560901 2004911 Nishibe, T.; Saika, O.; Kosaka, S.; et al. (1983) Thiophanate- Methyl: 

Acute Toxicity Study in Rainbow Trout: Lab Project Numb- er 0073. 

Unpublished study prepared by Nisso Institute for Life Science, 

Biomedical Research Dept. 14 p. 

42123501 2004952 Bettencourt, M. (1991) Thiophanate-methyl--Acute Toxicity to Bluegill Sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) Under Flow-through Condi- tions: 

Lab Project Number: 91-8-3871: 12442.0191.6109.105. Un- published 

study prepared by Springborn Laboratories, Inc. 66 p. 

42887001 2004955 Bettencourt, M. (1993) Thiophanate-Methyl--Acute Toxicity to 

Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Under Flow-Through 

Conditions: Lab Project Number: 93-4-4738: 12681.1292.6101.108. 

Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Laboratories, Inc. 67 p. 

41990 2004926 

Pg.3 

Jacobson, S.O.; Terrell, Y. (1980) Topsin^(R)I M Fungicide Technical--Cannon's Bluegill Sunfish Toxicity Study 8E-3306. (Unpublished study received Jul 11, 1980 under 4581-322; pre- pared in 
` 

61

cooperation with Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Pennwalt 

Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:099310-F) 

55944 2004942 

invalid 

Mixon, W.W. (1971) Fish Toxicity--Topsin M and E. (Unpublished 

study received Feb 17, 1972 under unknown admin. no.; submitted by 

Pennwalt Corp., Agchem Div., King of Prussia, Pa.; CDL: 127270-AA) 

88453 or 

62534 

2004908 

Invalid 

2004963 

Mixon, W.W. (1971) Letter sent to Agchem File dated Oct 12, 1971: 

Fish toxicity of Topsin M--originating in food. (Unpublished study 

received Feb 9, 1973 under 4581-288; submitted by Penn- walt Corp., 

Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:007463-O) 

65065 2004924 

invalid 

Yoshida, K.; Nishiuchi, Y. (1972) Toxicity of Pesticides to 

Some Water Organisms. (Translated from: Bull. Agr. Chem. 

Inspect. Stn. no. 12:122-128 (Japan); unpublished study) 

Acute Toxicity to Freshwater Invertebrates 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

69601 2004905 Roberts, S.; Parke, G.S.E. (1977) 96-hour Static LC50 in~Daphnia~ 

?~magna~: Laboratory No. 7E-6115. (Unpublished study received 

Nov 8, 1977 under 4581-322; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., 

submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL: 232169-G) 

69602 2004925 

70% WP 

formulation 

test 

Roberts, S.; Parke, G.S.E. (1977) 96-hour Static LC50 in~Daphnia~ 

?~magna~: Laboratory No. 7E-6116. (Unpublished study received 

Nov 8, 1977 under 4581-322; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., 

submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL: 232169-H) 

97506 2007909 

2004950=lab 

audit 

Bailey, H.C. (1981) Acute Toxicity of Topsin^(R)I M Fungicide to 

Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) and Louisiana Red Crayfish 

(Procambarus clarkii): SRI Project LSC-1514. Final rept. (Unpublished 

study received Mar 22, 1982 under 4581-322; prepared by SRI 

International, submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; 

CDL:070726-A) 

106092 2004926 

2007910 

Bailey, H. (1981) Acute Toxicity of Topsin M Fungicide to Channel 

Catfish ... and Louisiana Red Crayfish ...: SRI Project LSC- 1514. 

Final rept. (Unpublished study received Jul 21, 1982 under 4581-322; 

prepared by SRI International, submitted by Agchem Div., Pennwalt 

Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL:070993-D) 

120662 2004925 Roberts, S.; Parke, G. (1977) Static 96-hour Toxicity Study of Topsin 

WP 70% in Daphnids: Laboratory No. 7E-6116. (Unpublished study 

received Apr 29, 1977 under 4581-322; prepared by Cannon 

Laboratories, Inc., submitted by Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., 

Philadelphia, PA; CDL:235913-A) 

40095505 2004951 

2004970 

Nishibe, T. (1986) Thiophanate-methyl: Acute Toxicity Study in 

Daphnids: Laboratory Project ID. NISSO TXR 0215. Unpublished 

study prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. 23 p. Daphnia carinata

40095506 DER not Nishibe, T. (1986) Thiophanate-methyl Formulation--Topsin M 70% 
` 

62

located 

70% WP 

formulation 

test 

WP: Acute Toxicity Study in Daphnids: Laboratory Project ID. NISSO 

TXR 0216. Unpublished study prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. 23 

p. 

42298101 2004934 

2004915= 

memo 

Putt, A. (1992) Thiophanate-methyl--Acute Toxicity to Daphnids 

(Daphnia magna) Under Flow-through Conditions: Final Report: Lab 

Project Number: 92-4-4217: 12681.1191.6100.115. Unpub- lished 

study prepared by Springborn Labs., Inc. 68 p. 

92186006 Summary of 

MRID 

40095505 

Saika, O. (1990) Pennwalt Corporation Phase 3 Summary of MRID 

40095505. Thiophanate-methyl - Acute Toxicity Study in Daphnids: 

Project No. TXR-215. Prepared by Nippon Soda Co. Ltd. 10 p. 

Acute Toxicity to Estuarine/Marine Organisms 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

69603 2004945 Vilkas, A.G. (1977) ?96-hour LC50 of Topsin M 70% WP 

to~Palaemo~- ?~netes pugio~|: UCES Project # 11506-41-02. 

(Unpublished study received Nov 8, 1977 under 4581-322; prepared 

by Union Carbide Corp., submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, 

Pa.; CDL:232169-J) 

83016 2004947 Vilkas, A.G. (1977) The Acute Toxicity of Topsin M 70% WP to the 

Fiddler Crab,~Uca pugilator~: UCES Project # 11506-41-02. (Unpublished study received Nov 8, 1977 under 4581-322; prepared by 

Union Carbide Corp., submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; 

CDL:232169-I) 

120660 2004969 Roberts, S.; Parke, G.; Charles, S. (1977) Static 96-hour Toxicity 

Study of Topsin M 70% W.P. in Straight-hinge Oyster Larvae: 

Laboratory No. 7E-7943. (Unpublished study received May 12, 1978 

under 4581-322; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by 

Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL:233882-E) 

42094602 2004971 

2004912= 

memo 

2004932= 

memos 

Dionne, E. (1991) Thiophanate-methyl: Acute Toxicity to Eastern 

Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) Under Flow-Through Conditions: Lab 

Project Number: 91-7-3816: 12442.0191.6107.504. Unpublished 

study prepared by Springborn Labs, Inc. 66 p. 

42123502 2004972 Bettencourt, M. (1991) Thiophanate-methyl--Acute Toxicity to Mysid 

Shrimp (Mysidopsis bahia) Under Flow-through Conditions: Final 

Report: Lab Project Number: 91-7-3845: 12442.0191.6110.515. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Labs., Inc. 67 p. 

42123503 2004913 Bettencourt, M. (1991) Thiophanate-methyl--Acute Toxicity to 

Sheepshead Minnow (Cyprindon variegatus) Under Flow-through 

Conditions: Final Report: Lab Project Number: 91-8-3872: 

12442.0191.6111.505. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn 

Labs., Inc. 68 p. 

Fish Early Life Stage/Aquatic Invertebrate Life Cycle Study 
` 

63

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

55934 2004846 

Pg.3-4 

Accession 

No.127270

Hashimoto, Y.; Noguchi, T.; Makita, T.; et al. (1970) Toxicological 

Evaluation of Thiophanate-methyl (I) Acute and Sub-acute Toxicity of 

Thiophanate-methyl. (Unpublished study received Feb 17, 1972 under 

unknown admin. no.; prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Japan, 

submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Agchem Div., King of Prussia, Pa.; 

CDL:127270-L) 

Seed Germination/Seedline Emergence and Vegetable Vigor Tier I 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

42123504 2004933 Hoberg, J. (1991) Thiophanate-methyl-Determination of Effects on 

Seed Germination, Seedling Emergence and Vegetative Vigor of Ten 

Plant Species: Final Report: Lab Project Number: 91-7-3854: 

12442.1190.6100.610. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn 

Labs., Inc. 154 p. 

44237401 Supplemental 

Report 

Hoberg, J. (1997) Thiophanate-methyl--Determination of the Effects 

on Seed Germination, Seedling Emergence, and Vegetative Vigor of 

ten Plant Species: Supplemental Report: Lab Project Number: 91-7-

3854: 12442.1190.6100.610. Unpublished study prepared by 

Springborn Labs, Inc. 50 p. 

44404101 2004936 

Supplemental 

Report 

2004956 pg3 

Teixeira, D. (1997) Thiophanate-methyl--Determination of Effects on 

Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence of Two Plant Species: 

Final Report (Supplement): Lab Project Number: 

12442.0597.6247.610: 97-7-7033. Unpublished study prepared by 

Springborn Labs, Inc. 101 p. 

 Seed germination/seedling emergence and vegetative vigor Tier II 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

42123504 2004933 

2004935-

memo 

2004956-

memo 

Hoberg, J. (1991) Thiophanate-methyl-Determination of Effects on 

Seed Germination, Seedling Emergence and Vegetative Vigor of Ten 

Plant Species: Final Report: Lab Project Number: 91-7-3854: 

12442.1190.6100.610. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn 

Labs., Inc. 154 p. 

44237401 Supplement

al Report 

Hoberg, J. (1997) Thiophanate-methyl--Determination of the Effects 

on Seed Germination, Seedling Emergence, and Vegetative Vigor of 

ten Plant Species: Supplemental Report: Lab Project Number: 91-7-

3854: 12442.1190.6100.610. Unpublished study prepared by 

Springborn Labs, Inc. 50 p. 
` 

64

44404101 2004936 

Supplement

al Report 

2004956-

memo 

Teixeira, D. (1997) Thiophanate-methyl--Determination of Effects on 

Seed Germination and Seedling Emergence of Two Plant Species: 

Final Report (Supplement): Lab Project Number: 

12442.0597.6247.610: 97-7-7033. Unpublished study prepared by 

Springborn Labs, Inc. 101 p. 

Aquatic plant growth Tier I 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

42123505 2004953 Hoberg, J. (1991) Thiophanate-methyl--Toxicity to the Duckweed Lemna gibba 

G3: Final Report: Lab Project Number: 91-8-3878: 12442.1190.6101.410. 

Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Labs., Inc. 57 p. 

42229801 2004973 Hoberg, J. (1992) Thiophanate-Methyl--Toxicity to the Freshwater Green Alga, 

Selenastrum capricornutum: Final Report: Lab Project Number: 91-9-3915: 

12442.1190.6102.430. Unpub- lished study prepared by Springborn 

Laboratories, Inc. 68 p. 

42229803 2004974 Hoberg, J. (1992) Thiophanate-methyl--Toxicity to the Marine Diatom, 

Skeletonema costatum: Lab Project Number: 91-10-3939: 

12442.1190.6102.450. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Labs, Inc. 72 

p. 

Aquatic plant growth Tier II 

MRID 

DERPDF 

Image 

Citation Reference 

42123505- 

repeated 

2004953

2004935 

Pg. 2 

Hoberg, J. (1991) Thiophanate-methyl--Toxicity to the Duckweed Lemna 

gibba G3: Final Report: Lab Project Number: 91-8-3878: 

12442.1190.6101.410. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Labs., 

Inc. 57 p. 

42229801 2004973 Hoberg, J. (1992) Thiophanate-Methyl--Toxicity to the Freshwater Green 

Alga, Selenastrum capricornutum: Final Report: Lab Project Number: 91-

9-3915: 12442.1190.6102.430. Unpub- lished study prepared by 

Springborn Laboratories, Inc. 68 p. 

42229802 2004914 Hoberg, J. (1992) Thiophanate-Methyl--Toxicity to the Freshwater Diatom 

Navicula Pelliculosa: Final Report: Lab Project Number: 91-10-3965: 

12442. 1190. 6102. 440. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn 

Laboratories, Inc. 71 p. 

42229803 2004974 Hoberg, J. (1992) Thiophanate-methyl--Toxicity to the Marine Diatom, 

Skeletonema costatum: Lab Project Number: 91-10-3939: 

12442.1190.6102.450. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Labs, 

Inc. 72 p. 

42298102 2004954 

2004915

Hoberg, J. (1992) Thiophanate-methyl--Toxicity to the Freshwater BlueGreen Alga Anabaena Flos-Aquae: Final Report: Lab Project Number: 
` 

65

= memo 91-10-3963: 12442.1190.6102.420. Unpub- lished study prepared by 

Springborn Labs., Inc. 67 p. 

Honey bee acute contact 

MRID 

DERPDF 

Image 

Citation Reference 

40053209 2004931 Yamada, T.; Matsuda, M. (1986) Thiophanate-methyl - Honey Bee Acute 

Contact LD50: Study No. NISSO IE-6703M. Unpublished study prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Biological Laboratory. 11 p. 

92186015 Summary 

of MRID 

40053209 

Soeda, Y. (1990) Pennwalt Corporation Phase 3 Summary of MRID 

40053209. Thiophanate-methyl - Honey Bee Acute Contact LD50: 

Project IE - 6703M. Prepared by Nippon Soda Co. LTD. 9 p. 

80286 2004965 Pennwalt Corporation (1971) ?Toxicity Study of Topsin on Bees|. 

(Compilation; unpublished study received on unknown date under 4581-

287; CDL:051129-P) 

Honey bee residue on foliage 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

163178 Letter Johansen, C. (1971) Letter sent to Homer dated Sep 24, 1971: 

[Toxicity to honey bees of Topsin M insecticide treatments on cherries]. 

3 p. 

Laboratory Mammal Toxicity 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

N/A 2078058 OFFICE OF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS HEALTH EFFECTS DIVISION 

ITOX ONELINERS report Oct. 2000 

Non-Guideline Study to be considered 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

1823 

 Mallinckrodt, Incorporated (1975?) Foliage Plants: Phytotoxicity. 

(Unpublished study received Feb 4, 1975 under 372-46; CDL: 006409-

F) 

1824 

 Mallinckrodt, Incorporated (1975?) Container & Bedgrown Herbaceous 

Plants: Phytotoxicity. (Unpublished study received Feb 4, 1975 under 

372-46; CDL:006409-J) 
` 

66

1825 

 Mallinckrodt, Incorporated (1975?) Container & Bedgrown Woody 

Plants: Phytotoxicity. (Unpublished study received Feb 4, 1975 under 

372-46; CDL:006409-N) 

36692 Summary 

Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Summary of Metabolism of Topsin M in 

Animals, Plants and Soil (As Presented in the Original Applica- tion of 

February 1972). (Unpublished study received Nov 18, 1974 under 

5F1573; CDL:096461-N) 

36694 

Open Lit 

Mercer, R.T. (1971) Some studies on the systemic activity of the 

Thiophanate fungicides in plants. Pesticide Science 2(?/Sep- Oct):214-

218. (Also~In~unpublished submission received Nov 18, 1974 under 

5F1573; submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Agchem Div., King of Prussia, 

Pa.; CDL:096461-Q) 

57658 

DER not 

located 

Pennwalt Corporation (19??) Acute Toxicity on Metabolites of 

Thiophanate-methyl in Plants. (Unpublished study received Sep 5, 

1972 under 2G1249; CDL:091777-S) 

62533 Letter 

Mixon, W.W. (1972) Letter sent to J.L. Sandeno dated May 22, 1972: 

Algicidal properties of Topsin M. (Unpublished study received 1973 

under 4581-EX-14; submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Philadel- phia, Pa.; 

CDL:210059-W) 

62534 Letter 

2004963 

Mixon, W.W. (1971) Letter sent to Agchem File dated Oct 12, 1971: 

Fish toxicity of Topsin M--originating in food. (Unpublished study 

received 1973 under 4581-EX-14; CDL:210059-X) 

42498801 Amend 

Wright, M. (1992) Amendment 1 to Executive Summary Final Report: 

?Carbon 14|-Thiophanate Methyl Nature of the Residue in Laying Hens 

MRID No. 42472102: Lab Project Number: 38948: XBL 91021. 

Unpublished study prepared by ABC Labs, Inc. and XenoBiotic Labs, 

Inc. 20 p. 

48033008 Open Lit 

Kojima, H.; Katsura, E.; Takeuchi, S.; et al. (2004) Screening for 

Estrogen and Androgen Receptor Activities in 200 Pesticides by In 

Vitro Reporter Gene Assays Using Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. 

Environmental Health Perspectives 112(5): 524-531. 

48033010 Open Lit Nishihara, T.; Nishikawa, J.; Kanayama, T.; et al. (2000) Estrogenic 

Activities of 517 Chemicals by Yeast Two-Hybrid Assay. Journal of 

Health Science 46(4): 282-298. 

ACC 

070998 

2004901 

Residue Monitoring: water, soil and crayfish (Rice - 0.7 lbs a.i./A)

57660 

80286 

2004903 Smith, R.G. (1971) Letter sent to Obren Keckemet dated Oct 11, 1971: 

Pencap and Topsin toxicity. (Unpublished study received Sep 5, 1972 

under 2G1249; submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Philadel- phia, Pa.; 

CDL:091777-U) 

62545 2004904 Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Residues of Topsin M in Fish Tissue. 

(Unpublished study received 1973 under 4581-EX-14; CDL: 210059-

AO) 

81597 2004906- 

registrant 

summary 

Pennwalt Corporation (1978) Fish and Wildlife Safety. Summary of 

study 099011-R. (Unpublished study received Sep 27, 1979 under 

4581-340; CDL:099011-Q) 
` 

67

N/A 2004921 Eco Data Summary table 

62514 2004923 Summary of fish data already reviewed 

 2004935 1993 Memo on multiple studies 

39705 2004941 Summary of multiple studies by registrant 

62516 2004943 Summary of multiple studies by registrant 

69599 2004944 Summary of multiple studies by registrant 

106091 2004968 Summary of multiple studies by registrant 
` 

68

128872 Carbedazim (MBC) Eco Effects Bibliography 

Revisited 07/25/13 

Note: MBC is a major degradate of thiophanate methyl and benomyl 

Avian Single Dose Oral Toxicity 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

154667 2048625 

2048626= 

contract draft 

2048649-memo 

Beavers, J. (1985) An Acute Oral Toxicity Study in the Bobwhite 

with H-15,607: Final Report: Project No. 112-163. Unpublished 

study prepared by Wildlife International Ltd. 15 p. 

43129604 2048641 Grimes, J.; Hoxter, K.; Jaber, M. (1990) Methyl Benzimidazole 

Carbamate (LX1132-01): An Acute Oral Toxicity Study with the 

Bobwhite: Lab Project Number: 190-155. Unpublished study 

prepared by Wildlife International Ltd. 33 p. 

 Avian Dietary Toxicity 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

154688 2048627 

 

Fink, R. (1974) Eight-day Dietary LC50 - Bobwhite Quail H-9129: 

Re- port No.665-74: Final Report: Project No. 112-103. 

Unpublished study prepared by Truslow Farms Incorporated. 8 p. 

154689 2048628 Fink, R. (1975) Eight-day Dietary LC50 - Mallard Ducks H-9129: 

Re- port No. 108-75: Final Report: Project No. 112-104. 

Unpublished study prepared by Truslow Farms Incorporated. 10 p. 

165113 DER not located 

IBT study 

Fletcher, D. (1973) Report to E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co.: 8- 

Day Dietary LC50 Study with H-7310; MR-1747 in Mallard 

Ducklings IBT No. 651-03198. Unpublished study prepared by 

Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Inc. 14 p. 

165114 DER not located 

IBT study 

Fletcher, D. (1973) Report to E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co. 8- 

Day Dietary LC50 Study with H-7310; MR-1747 in Bobwhite Quail: 

IBT No. 651-03203. Unpublished study prepared by Industrial BioTest Laboratories, Inc. 14 p. 

43129605 2048642 |Grimes, J.; Hoxter, K.; Jaber, M. (1990) Methyl Benzimidazole 

Carbamate (LX1132-01): A Dietary LC50 Study with the Bobwhite: 

Lab Project Number: 190-154. Unpublished study prepared by 

Wildlife International Ltd. 33 p. 

43205501 2048645 Ebert, E.; Leist, K. (1987) 8-Day Dietary LC50 Test in the Mallard 

Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) with BCM Technical: Lab Project 

Number: 87.0707: A36805. Unpublished study prepared by 

Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft. 31 p. 
` 

69

Acute Toxicity to Freshwater Fish 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

 

154690 2048629 Heinemann, J. (1971) Acute Static Fish Toxicity Study - 

Freshwater H-6881 (MR-581): Report No. 150-71: Final Report: 

Project No. 201-255. Unpublished study prepared by Hazleton 

Laboratories. 12 p. 

154691 2048630 Wetzel, J. (1984) 96-Hour LC50 to Bluegill Sunfish: Report No. 

401- 84: MR No. 4581-206. Unpublished study prepared by E. I. du 

Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. 6 p. 

165115 DER not located Sleight, B. (1972) Bioassay Report ... Acute Toxicity of MR-1566, 

H-7310 to Bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) and Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri): HLO 455-72: MR-1566-1. Unpublished study prepared by Bionomics, Inc. 8 p. 

43129606 2048643 Bowman, J. (1989) Acute Flow-Through Toxicity of LX1132-01 

(Methyl Benzimidazole Carbamate) to Rainbow Trout (Salmo 

gairdneri): Lab Project Number: 38100. Unpublished study 

prepared by Analytical Bio-Chemistry Lab. Inc. 126 p. 

43129607 2048644 Bowman, J. (1989) Acute Flow-Through Toxicity of LX1132-01 

(Methyl Benzimidazole Carbamate) to Bluegill (Lepomis 

macrochirus): Lab Project Number: 38099. Unpublished study 

prepared by Analytical Bio-Chemistry Lab., Inc. 114 p. 

40098001 2048637 EFED Review of Mayer and Ellersieck Data for Catfish, Rainbow 

trout and Fathead minnow 

Acute Toxicity to Freshwater Invertebrates 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

154467 2048623 

2048624 

Hall, C. (1985) Static Acute 48-hour EC50 of Carbendazim (INE965- 231) and Carbendiam-HCL (INU-810-11) to Daphnia magna: 

Report No. 156-85. Unpublished study prepared by DuPont 

Haskell Labor- atory. 10 p. 

154693 2048631 Canton, J. (1976) The toxicity of Benomyl, Thiophanate-methyl, 

and BCM to four freshwater organisms. Bulletin of Environmental 

Contamination & Toxicology 16(2):214-218. 

42414201 2048640 

2048639= study 

report 

Baer, K. (1992) Static, Acute, 48-hour EC50 of DPX-E965-299 

(Carbendazim, MBC) to Daphnia Magna: Lab Project Number: 

4581-929: 185-92. Unpublished study prepared by E.I. du Pont de 

Nemours and Co. 25 p. 

43205502 2048646 Fischer, R. (1988) The effect of Carbendazim--Substance, 

Technical (Identification Code: HOE 017411 of ZD99 0010) to 

Daphnia magna (Waterflea) in a Static-Acute Toxicity Test (Method 
` 

70

OECD): Lab Project Number: OEK88/091E: A39285. Unpublished 

study prepared by Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft. 41 p. 

Acute Toxicity to Estuarine/Marine Organisms 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

40964701 2048634 

2048653- memo 

Boeri, R. (1988) Static Acute Toxicity of Carbendazim Technical to 

the Mysid, Mysidopsis bahia: Enseco Marblehead Laboratory Project DP1688. Unpublished study prepared by Enseco Inc. 22 p. 

40975001 2048635 Boeri, R. (1988) Static Acute Toxicity of Carbendazim Technical to 

the Sheepshead Minnow, Cyprinodon variegatus: Proj. ID DP1588. 

Unpublished study prepared by Enseco Inc. 21 p. 

40975002 2048636 Boeri, R. (1988) Flow Through Acute Toxicity of Carbendazim 

Techni- cal to the Eastern Oyster, Crassostrea virginica: Proj. ID 

DP2688. Unpublished study prepared by Enseco Inc. 22 p. 

Fish Early Life Stage/Aquatic Invertebrate Life Cycle Study 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

42529401 2048640 Baer, K. (1992) Chronic Toxicity of DPX-E965-299 (Carbendazim, 

MBC) to Daphnia Magna: Lab Project Number: 4581-929: 599-92. 

Unpublished study prepared by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co. 

422 p. 

42723701 

benomyl 

2016984 Ward, T.; Boeri, R. (1992) Life-cycle Toxicity of DPX-E965-299 

(Carbendazim, MBC) to the Mysid, Mysidopsis bahia: Lab Project 

Number: 4581-929: 806-92: 97-DU. Unpublished study prepared 

by T.R. Wilbury Labs, Inc. 299 p. 

43011801 2016995 Baer, K. (1993) Early Life-Stage Toxicity Test on DPX-E965-299 

(Carbendazim, MBC) with Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): 

Lab Project Number: 596/93: 9598/001. Unpublished study 

prepared by E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Co. Haskell Lab. for 

Toxicology. 665 p. 

43872801 2017018 Rhodes, J.; Hurshman, B.; Leak, T. (1995) Early Life-Stage 

Toxicity of Benomyl (As Carbendazim, DPX-E965-299) to the 

Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) Under Flow-Through 

Conditions: Amended Report No. 1: Lab Project Number: 236-95: 

45352: HLO 236-95. Unpublished study prepared by ABC Labs, 

Inc. 780 p. 

Not given 2048638 Hutton, D.G. 1986 Chronic toxicity to Daphnia of carbamic acid, 

1H-benzimidazol-2-yl, methyl ester 
` 

71

Aquatic plant growth 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

43913601 2017020 in 

099100 folder 

Flusilazole + 

Carbendazim 

Thompson, S. (1995) DPX-N7872-236: Influence on Growth and 

Reproduction of Selenastrum capricornutum: Lab Project Number: 

112A-137: AMR 3343-95. Unpublished study prepared by Wildlife 

International Ltd. and DuPont's Haskell Lab for Toxicology and 

Industrial Medicine. 49 p. Check PC Code 128835

Honey bee acute contact 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

154695 2048633 Meade, A. (1984) Acute Contact LD50 Study in Honey Bees (Apis 

me- llifera L.) with INE965-212: Project No. ABM-84-5. 

Unpublished study prepared by E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. 6 

p. 

Non-Guideline Study Selections to be considered 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

57658 

 Pennwalt Corporation (19??) Acute Toxicity on Metabolites of 

Thiophanate-methyl in Plants. (Unpublished study received Sep 

5, 1972 under 2G1249; CDL:091777-S) 

37195 

Open lit Clemons, G.P.; Sisler, H.D. (1969) Formation of fungitoxic derivative from Benlate. Phytopathology 59(?/May):705-706. (Also~In~ 

unpublished submission received Jan 23, 1970 under 0G0936; 

sub- mitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington, 

Del.; CDL:091599-N) 

154692 2048637 Columbia National Fishery Research Laboratory (1984) Summary 

of Acute Toxicity: Methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate. Unpublished 

study. 4 p. 

154694 Open lit- check 

Benomyl 

Stringer, A.; Wright, M. (1973) The effect of Benomyl and related 

compounds on Lumbricus terrestris and other earthworms. Pestic. 

Sci. 4:165-170. 

42687002 

DER not 

located- HED? 

Reynolds, V.; Sarrif, A. (1993) A Review of the Genetic Toxicity 

Studies on Benomyl and Carbendazim: Lab Project Number: HLR 

1-93. Unpublished study prepared by DuPont's Haskell Laboratory 

for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine. 69 p. 

47807011 

DER not located 

Elancolan= 

Trifluralin + 

Carbendazim 

Hanisch, A. (1994) Effects of Elancolan Regarding Reproduction 

and Development of Eisenia fetida: Laboratory Test: Final Report. 

Project Number: RE402, RE402800/DOC. Unpublished study 

prepared by Institut fuer Pflanzenschutz. 29 p. 
` 

72

48033008 

Open lit Kojima, H.; Katsura, E.; Takeuchi, S.; et al. (2004) Screening for 

Estrogen and Androgen Receptor Activities in 200 Pesticides by In 

Vitro Reporter Gene Assays Using Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. 

Environmental Health Perspectives 112(5): 524-531. 

48033010 Open Lit 

Nishihara, T.; Nishikawa, J.; Kanayama, T.; et al. (2000) 

Estrogenic Activities of 517 Chemicals by Yeast Two-Hybrid 

Assay. Journal of Health Science 46(4): 282-298. 

154694 2048632 Stringer, A.; Wright, M. (1973) The effect of Benomyl and related 

compounds on Lumbricus terrestris and other earthworms. Pestic. 

Sci. 4:165-170. 

97616 compilation E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Incorporated (1972) Residue 

Studies--Fish: Benomyl: Methyl 2-Benzimidazolecarbamate (MBC): 

2-Aminobenzimidazole (2-AB). (Compilation; unpublished study 

received Jan 18, 1972 under 352-354; CDL:131800-A) 

 
` 

73

102001 Thiophanate-methyl Fate Chemistry Bibliography 

Revised 05/17/12 

161-1 Hydrolysis 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

36690 or 

120582 

DER not 

located 

Kosaka, S. (1973) Alkaline Hydrolysis of Thiophanate-methyl and the 

Hydrolyzed Products. (Unpublished study received Nov 18, 1974 under 

5F1573; prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., submitted by Pennwalt 

Corp., Agchem Div., King of Prussia, Pa.; CDL:096461-L) 

40095507 2004820 

2007739 

Nomura, O. (1986) Thiophanate-methyl: Hydrolysis [Study]: Laboratory Project ID. EC-67. Unpublished study prepared by Nippon Soda 

Co., Ltd. 44 p. 

92186016 2004820 – 

registrant 

summary 

Soeda, Y. (1990) Pennwalt Corporation Phase 3 Summary of MRID 

40095507. Thiophanate-methyl - Hydrolysis: Project EC-67. Prepared 

by Nippon Soda Co. LTD. 12 p. 

39706 2063503- 

draft 

Pennwalt Corporation (1980) Thiophanate-methyl--Half-Life Study in 

Water: Project No. WT-9-80. (Unpublished study received Jul 11, 1980 

under 4581-322; CDL:099510-G) 

62540 2063511 Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Degradation of Topsin M in Water at pH 

10 and Not Kept in Sunlight. (Unpublished study received 1973 under 

4581-EX-14; CDL:210059-AH) 

40053210 DER not 

located 

Soeda, Y.; Shiotani, H. (1986) Thiophanate-methyl - Volatility [from 

Water]: Study No. NISSO EC-61. Unpublished study prepared by Soda 

Co., Ltd., Environmental Toxicology Laboratory. 9 p. 

161-2 Photodegradation-water 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

41482806 2004840 Soeda, Y.; Shiotani, H. (1987) Thiophanate-methyl Photodegradation 

in Water: Lab Study No.: NISSO EC-74. Unpublished study pre- pared 

by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Environmental Toxicology Laboratory. 35 p. 

92186017 2004840 

Registrant 

Summary 

Soeda, Y. (1990) Pennwalt Corporation Phase 3 Summary of MRID 

41482806. Thiophanate-methyl - Photodegradation in water: Project 

EC-74. Prepared by Nippon Soda Co. Ltd. 14 p. 

36697 2063503 Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Photodecomposition of Topsin M in Water. (Unpublished study received Nov 18, 1974 under 5F1573; 

CDL:096461-T) 

39707 2063503 Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Photodecomposition of Topsin M in Water. (Unpublished study received Jul 11, 1980 under 4581-322; 

CDL:099510-H) 

120585 Open lit Buchenauer, H.; Edgington, L.; Grossman, F. (1973) Photochemical 

transformation of thiophanate-methyl and thiophanate to alkyl 
` 

74

benzimidazol-Z-yl carbamates. Pestic. Sci. 4:343-348. (Also In 

unpublished submission received Jan 15, 1975 under 4581-EX-17; 

submitted by Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; 

CDL:094717-B) 

120625 Summary Agchem (1978) Photodegradation of 14C Thiophanate-Methyl in Water and Soils. (Compilation; unpublished study received Sep 27, 1979 

under 4581-340; CDL:099006-F) 

161-3 Photodegradation-soil 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

35223 or 

49663 or 

73577 

Fate 

summary 

2063518 

Pennwalt Corporation (19??) ?Degradation of Topsin M under UV Light 

on Glass and on Soil|. (Unpublished study received Sep 4, 1972 under 

2G1249; CDL:091775-C) 

35226 Fate 

summary 

2063518 

Noguchi, T.; Kosaka, S.; Soeda, Y.; et al. (1971) ?Studies on the 

Biotransformation of Thiophanate-methyl in Animal, Plant and Soil|. 

(Unpublished study received Sep 4, 1972 under 2G1249; prepared by 

Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Agchem Div., King 

of Prussia, Pa.; CDL:091775-F) 

72939 Fate 

summary 

2063518 

Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Photodecomposition of Topsin M in Five 

Soils. (Unpublished study received Feb 9, 1973 under 4581-EX- 14; 

CDL:127285-E) 

39703 2063501 Pennwalt Corporation (1980) Thiophanate-methyl-- Soil 

Photodegradation: Project No. WT-10-80. (Unpublished study received 

Jul 11, 1980 under 4581-322; CDL:099510-C) 

53448 or 

62527 

Fate 

summary 

2063518 

Pennwalt Corporation (19??) Degradation of Topsin M on Soil Exposed 

to UV Light. (Unpublished study received Feb 17, 1972 under unknown 

admin. no.; CDL:127269-E) 

62522 Nippon Soda Company, Limited (19??) Studies on the Stability of 

Thiophanates under Non-biological Conditions. (Unpublished study 

received 1973 under 4581-EX-14; submitted by Pennwalt Corp., 

Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:210059-J) 

62528 2063507 Soeda, Y.; Kosaka, S.; Noguchi, T. (1971?) Fate of Thiophanate- methyl 

Fungicide and Its Metabolites on Plant Leaves and Glass Plates. 

(Unpublished study received 1973 under 4581-EX-14; pre- pared by 

Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Japan, submitted by Pennwalt Corp., 

Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:210059-Q) 

66570 DER not 

located 

Nippon Soda Company, Limited (19??) ph Dependance of Stability of 

Thiophanates. (Unpublished study received on unknown date under 

4581-278; submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL: 

227184-D) 

88446 2004967 Pennwalt Corporation (1972) ?The Fate of Topsin E and Topsin M in 

Soil|. Summary of studies 007463-D through 007463-K, 007463-M 

through 007463-R, 007453-V, 007463-X, 007463-AA and 007463-AC 

through 007463-AF. (Unpublished study, including letter dated Dec 6, 

1972 from J.L. Sandeno to E.J. Bowles, received Feb 9, 1973 under 
` 

75

4581-288; CDL:007463-C) 

88447 

62524 

2063505 Noguchi, T.; Kosaka, S.; Ohkuma, K.; et al. (1971) Studies on the 

Biotransformation of Thiophanate-methyl in Animal, Plant and Soil (Part 

II). (unpublished study received Feb 9, 1973 under 4581-288; prepared 

by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Japan, submitted by Pennwalt Corp., 

Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:007463-F) 

88448 2063509 Pennwalt Corporation (1971) ?Degradation of Topsin E and Topsin M on 

Soil Exposed to UV Light|. (Compilation; unpublished study received Feb 

9, 1973 under 4581-288; CDL:007463-H) 

97264 DER not 

located 

compilation 

W.A. Cleary Corporation (1970) ?Thiophanates: Chemical Study|. 

(Compilation; unpublished study received on unknown date under 1001-

50; CDL:022093-B) 

97923 DER not 

located 

Pennwalt Corporation (19??) Studies on the Stability of Thiophan- ates 

under Non-biological Conditions. (Unpublished study re- ceived Feb 9, 

1973 under 4581-288; CDL:007463-D) 

117873 2063517 Pennwalt Corp. (1973) Results of Tests on the Amount of ?Topsin M| 

Residue Remaining, Including a Description of the Analytical Method 

Used. (Compilation; unpublished study received Sep 7, 1972 under 

2G1249; CDL:091779-I) 

120563 Results of 

Tests 

Agchem (1973) Results of Tests on the Amount of Residue Remaining, 

Including a Description of the Analytical Method Used: ?Topsin M|. 

(Compilation; unpublished study received Feb 9, 1973 under 4581-287; 

CDL:007461-A) 

120617 DER not 

located 

Agchem (1973) ?Chemical Study of Topsin M|. (Compilation; unpublished study received 1973 under 5F1573; CDL:098424-A) 

120647 DER not 

located 

Agchem Div., Penwalt Corp. (1972) ?Environmental Study: Topsin Formulations|. Unpublished compilation. 426 p. 

41482807 2004880 Soeda, Y.; Shiotani, H. (1987) Thiophanate-methyl Photodegradation on 

Soil: Lab Study No.: NISSO EC-75. Unpublished study prepared by 

Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Environmental Toxicology Laboratory. 24 p. 

92186018 2004880 

Summary of 

MRID 

41482807 

Soeda, Y. (1990) Pennwalt Corporation Phase 3 Summary of MRID 

41482807. Thiophanate-methyl - Photodegradation on Soil: Project EC75. Prepared by Nippon Soda Co. LTD. 14 p. 

62537 2063499 Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Degradation and Photodecomposition of 

Topsin M in Five Soils. (Unpublished study received 1973 under 4581-

EX-14; CDL:210059-AC) 

42094601 Response 

to MRID 

41482807

Shiotani, H. (1991) Thiophanate-methyl: Photodegradation on Soil: 

Comments to EPA Phase 4 Response to MRID 41482807: Lab Project 

Number: EC-336. Unpublished study prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd. 

13 p. 

162-1 Aerobic soil metabolism 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 
` 

76

35226 2063505 Noguchi, T.; Kosaka, S.; Soeda, Y.; et al. (1971) ?Studies on the 

Biotransformation of Thiophanate-methyl in Animal, Plant and Soil|. 

(Unpublished study received Sep 4, 1972 under 2G1249; prepared by 

Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Agchem Div., King 

of Prussia, Pa.; CDL:091775-F) 

39704 2063502 Pennwalt Corporation (1980) Anaerobic Soil Metabolism Using 

Thiophanate-methyl: Project No. WT-7-78. Includes method entitled: A 

simple apparatus and quantitative method for determining the 

persistence of pesticides in soil. (Unpublished study including published 

data, received Jul 11, 1980 under 4581-322; CDL: 099510-D) 

62525 2063506 Kosaka, S.; Soeda, Y.; Hagiwara, S.; et al. (1972) Influences of 

Thiophanate-methyl to Soil Microorganisms and Fate of the Chemi- cal in 

Soil. (Unpublished study received 1973 under 4581-EX-14; prepared by 

Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Japan, submitted by Pennwalt Corp., 

Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:210059-N) 

106085 2004779 

2007730 

2063511 

Agchem (1982) Aerobic Soil Metabolism Using Thiophanate-methyl: 

Project No. WT-7-78. (Unpublished study received Jul 21, 1982 under 

4581-322; CDL:070992-B) 

62537 2063699 Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Degradation and Photodecomposition of 

Topsin M in Five Soils. (Unpublished study received 1973 under 4581-

EX-14; CDL:210059-AC) 

162-2 Anaerobic soil metabolism 

MRID Citation Reference 

 

162-3 Anaerobic aquatic metab. 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

40061501 2007731 

2004860 

Dykeman, R. (1986) Thiophanate-methyl - Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism: Amended Final Report: Laboratory Project Identification WT-1-

82. Unpublished study prepared by Pennwalt Corp., Agchem Div. 127 

p. 

92186019 2004660 

Summary 

Wright, J. (1990) Pennwalt Corporation Phase 3 Summary of MRID 

40061501. Thiophanate-Methyl Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism: Project 

WT-1-82. Prepared by Pennwalt Corporation. 16 p. 

40061500 Pennwalt Corp. (1987) Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism: Thiophanate 

Methyl. Compilation of 1 study. 

133502 2007731 

Pg. 3 

Agchem (1983) Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism of Thionphanatemethyl: Project No. WT-1-82. (Unpublished study received Dec 15, 

1983 under 4581-322; CDL:251979-C) 
` 

77

162-4 Aerobic aquatic metab. 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

165361 DER not 

located 

Pennwalt Corp. (1982) Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism of Thiophanatemethyl: Project No. WT-8-82. Unpublished study. 23 p. 

45621401 2003609 Volkl, S. (2001) (Carbon 14)-Thiophanate-Methyl: Route and Rate of 

Degradation in Aerobic Aquatic Systems: Lab Project Number: 735063. 

Unpublished study prepared by RCC Ltd. 168 p. {OPPTS 835.3180} 

45620001 2003607 Ritter, A. 1988. Degradation of carbendazim (HOE 01741 1) in two 

aerobic 

aquatic systems. Unpublished study performed by RCC Umweltchemie 

AG, Switzerland; sponsored by Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt, 

Germany; and submitted by Cerexagri, Inc., King of Prussia, PA. RCC 

Project No.: 088132. Experiment initiation July 23, 1987, and 

completion December 24, 1987 (p. 7). Final report issued March 2 1, 

1988. 

163-1 Leach/adsorp/desorption 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

36695 or 

62541 or 

2063508 - 

draft 

Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Vertical Movement of Topsin M. (Unpublished study received Nov 18, 1974 under 5F1573; CDL:096461-S) 

39702 2063500 

draft 

Pennwalt Corporation (1978) Adsorption and Desorption of 14C 

Thiophanate-methyl in Soils: Project No. WT-4-78. (Unpublished study 

received Jul 11, 1980 under 4581-322; CDL:099510-B) 

49662 

120563 

2063613 Pennwalt Corporation (1973) Residues in Soil--Topsin M and Top- sin 

E. (Unpublished study received Feb 9, 1973 under 4581-EX- 14; 

CDL:127285-C) 

53449 

121072 

2063516 Noguchi, T.; Kosaka, S.; Soeda, Y.; et al. (1970) Studies on the 

Biotransformation of Thiophanate-methyl in Animal and Plant (Part I).

(Unpublished study received Feb 17, 1972 under un- known admin. 

no.; prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Japan, submitted by 

Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:127269-G) 

53450 

62524 or 

88447 

2063505 Noguchi, T.; Kosaka, S.; Ohkuma, K.; et al. (1971) Studies on the 

Biotransformation of Thiophanate-methyl in Animal, Plant and Soil 

(Part II). (Unpublished study received Feb 17, 1972 under unknown 

admin. no.; prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Japan, submitted by 

Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:127269-H) 

62530 DER not 

located 

Pennwalt Corporation (1971) Soil--Vertical Movement--Topsin M. 

(Unpublished study received 1973 under 4581-EX-14; CDL:210059-S) 

88450 2063510- 

draft 

Pennwalt Corporation (1971) ?Vertical Movement of Topsin E and 

Topsin M in Soil|. (Compilation; unpublished study received Feb 9, 

1973 under 4581-288; CDL:007463-J) 
` 

78

120563 Results of 

Tests 

Agchem (1973) Results of Tests on the Amount of Residue 

Remaining, Including a Description of the Analytical Method Used: 

?Topsin M|. (Compilation; unpublished study received Feb 9, 1973 

under 4581-287; CDL:007461-A) 

120623 DER not 

located 

Agchem (1978) A 14C Thiophanate-methyl Soil Binding Study (Applicable to Adsorption/Desorption). (Unpublished study received Sep 27, 

1979 under 4581-340; CDL:099006-C) 

120627 

120688 

2063515 Nisso Institute for Life Science (1972) Fate of Thiophanate-methyl in 

Soil. (Unpublished study received Sep 27, 1979 under 4581- 340; 

submitted by Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; 

CDL:099006-H) 

120630 2063514 Agchem (1972) Vertical Movement--Topsin M Fungicide 70% W.P.: 

Woodburn Silty Clay Loam. (Unpublished study received Sep 27, 

1979 under 4581-340; CDL:099006-K) 

120633 DER not 

located 

Agchem (1978) Adsorption and Desorption of 14C Thiophanatemethyl in Soils: Project No. WT-4-78. (Unpublished study received 

Sep 27, 1979 under 4581-340; CDL:099006-N) 

120647 Compilation Agchem Div., Penwalt Corp. (1972) ?Environmental Study: Topsin 

For- mulations|. Unpublished compilation. 426 p. 

120655 MBC study Van Wambeke, E.; Van Assche, C. (1975?) The Importance of Some 

Factors Involved with the Persistence of Carbendazim (MBC) in Soil. 

(Unpublished study received Nov 8, 1977 under 4581-322; submitted 

by Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL:232170-B) 

41482808 DER not 

located 

Soeda, Y.; Shiotani, H. (1987) Thiophanate-methyl: Soil Column 

Leaching: Lab Study No.: NISSO EC-90. Unpublished study prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Environmental Toxicology 

Laboratory. 32 p. 

41560902 2004821 Soeda, Y.; Shiotani, H. (1987) Thiophanate-Methyl: Batch Equilibrium 

(Adsorption/Desorption): Lab Project Number: NISSO EC-89. 

Unpublished study prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.; Environmental 

Toxicology Lab. 36 p. 

42351001 2004881 Shiotani, H. (1992) Thiophanate-methyl--Batch Equilibrum 

(Adsorption/Desorption on Soild): Lab Project Number: NISSO EC362. Unpublished study prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Envir. 

Tox. Lab. 106 p. 

163-2 Volatility - lab 

MRID 

DERPDF 

Image 

Citation Reference 

42380101 2004822 Shiotani, H. (1992) Thiophanate-methyl--Laboratory Volatility from Soil: 

Lab Project Number: NISSO EC-381: 163-2. Unpub- lished study 

prepared by Environ. Tox. Lab, NIPPON SODA., Ltd. 57 p. 

164-1 Terrestrial field dissipation 
` 

79

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

 

37935 DER not 

located 

Miller, H.J. (1973) Topsin Persistence in Soil--Greenhouse Test-- 

Wyndmoor. (Unpublished study received Nov 18, 1974 under 5F1573; 

submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Agchem Div., King of Prus- sia, Pa.; 

CDL:096461-P) 

39708 DER not 

locatedMBC study 

Landskov, A.O.; Lindaberry, H.L. (1972) ?Calculations of Residues of 

Topsin M and MBC in Run-off Water|. (Unpublished study re- ceived Jul 

11, 1980 under 4581-322; submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, 

Pa.; CDL:099510-I) 

 

49661 DER not 

located 

Pennwalt Corporation (1973) Residues in Grass--Topsin M and Top- sin 

E. (Unpublished study received Feb 9, 1973 under 4581-EX- 14; 

CDL:127285-B) 

49662 DER not 

located 

Pennwalt Corporation (1973) Residues in Soil--Topsin M and Top- sin E. 

(Unpublished study received Feb 9, 1973 under 4581-EX- 14; 

CDL:127285-C) 

53439 DER not 

located 

Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Movement of Pencap M Out of Treated 

Areas. (Compilation; unpublished study received Jan 8, 1974 under 

4581-EX-16; CDL:127286-D) 

61203 DER not 

located 

Lindaberry, H.L.; Landskov, A.O. (1972) ?Residues of Penncap-M in 

soil|. (Unpublished study received Sep 29, 1980 under 4581-292; 

submitted by Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL:243398-E) 

62543 DER not 

located 

Pennwalt Corporation (1971) Residues of Topsin M versus Benlate-- 

Soil. (Unpublished study received 1973 under 4581-EX-14; CDL: 

210059-AM) 

62544 DER not 

located 

Lindaberry, H.L. (1972) Residues of Topsin M and MBC in Run-Off Water. (Unpublished study received 1973 under 4581-EX-14; CDL: 210059-

AN) 

72378 DER not 

located 

Pennwalt Corporation (1972) ?Soil and Water Run Off Tests for Pencap 

M versus Methyl Parathion E.C.|. (Compilation; unpub- lished study 

received Dec 4, 1980 under 4581-292; CDL:244308-E) 

102320 compilation Pennwalt Corp. (1972) ?Run-off Studies on Pencap M and Topsin M|. 

(Compilation; unpublished study received on unknown date under 

3F1361; CDL:093631-L) 

106086 2063512 Agchem (1981) Topsin M Fungicide--Field Dissipation: Project No. WT-1-

81. (Unpublished study received Jul 21, 1982 under 4581-322; 

CDL:070992-C) 

106087 DER not 

located 

Agchem (1981) Residues in Water, Soil, and Crayfish: ?Topsin M|. 

(Unpublished study received Jul 21, 1982 under 4581-322; CDL: 070992-

D) 

106094 DER not 

located 

Agchem (1981) ?Residues of Topsin M in Soil and Other Subjects|. 

(Compilation; unpublished study received Jul 21, 1982 under 4581-322; 
` 

80

CDL:070998-C) 

117873 Results of 

Tests 

Pennwalt Corp. (1973) Results of Tests on the Amount of ?Topsin M| 

Residue Remaining, Including a Description of the Analytical Method 

Used. (Compilation; unpublished study received Sep 7, 1972 under 

2G1249; CDL:091779-I) 

120563 Results of 

Tests 

Agchem (1973) Results of Tests on the Amount of Residue Remaining, 

Including a Description of the Analytical Method Used: ?Topsin M|. 

(Compilation; unpublished study received Feb 9, 1973 under 4581-287; 

CDL:007461-A) 

120569 DER not 

located 

Caldwell, R. (1972) Thiophanate (Methyl, Ethyl) Persistence Study. 

(Unpublished study received Sep 7, 1971 under 1001-50; prepared by 

Univ. of Florida, Agricultural Research Center, submitted by W.A. Cleary 

Corp., Somerset, NJ; CDL:022101-A) 

120580 The 

Results of 

Tests 

Agchem (1974) The Results of Tests on the Amount of Residue Remaining, Including a Description of the Analytical Methods Used: ?Topsin M|. 

(Compilation; unpublished study received Nov 18, 1974 under 5F1573; 

CDL:094316-A) 

120583 Letter Miller, H. (1973) Letter sent to O. Keckemet dated Apr 27, 1973: Topsin 

persistence in soil--greenhouse test--Wyndmoor. (Unpub- lished study 

received Sep 1, 1973 under 2G1249; submitted by Agchem Div., 

Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL:094577-C) 

120586 Open Lit Fleeker, J.; Lacy, H.; Schultz, I.; et al. (1974) Persistence and 

metabolism of thiophanate-mythyl in soil. J. Agr. Food Chem. 22(4):592-

595. (Also In unpublished submission received Jan 15, 1975 under 4581-

EX-17; submitted by Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; 

CDL:094717-C) 

120628 

120688 

2063515 Nisso Institute for Life Science (1972) Field Studies on Per- sistence and 

Fate of Thiophanate-methyl in Soil. (Unpublished study received Sep 27, 

1979 under 4581-340; submitted by Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., 

Philadelphia, PA; CDL:099006-I) 

120632 DER not 

located 

Kosaka, S.; Fujino, A.; Tanoue, T. (1974) Uptake by Radish and Fate of 

Thiophanate-methyl in Soil. (Unpublished study re- ceived Sep 27, 1979 

under 4581-340; prepared by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd., Japan, submitted 

by Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL:099006-M) 

120637 DER not 

located 

W.A. Cleary Corp. (1972) ?Topsin Residues in Soil and Grass|. 

(Compilation; unpublished study received Feb 7, 1973 under 1001-50; 

CDL:120356-A) 

41930101 2004842 Dykeman, R. (1991) Field Dissipation Study for Thiophanate-Methyl 

Applied to an Apple Orchard: Final Report: Lab Project Number: WT-86-

C-25:6012-188: 87-001. Unpublished study prepared by Hazleton Labs 

America in coop. with ACDS Corp. 469 p. 

41930102 2004862 Dykeman, R. (1991) Field Dissipation Study for Thiophanate-Methyl 

Applied to a Dry Bean Crop: Final Report: Lab Project Number: WT 86-

C-27: 6012-186: 87029. Unpublished study prepared by Hazle- ton Labs 

America in coop. with Hulst Research Farm Services. 439 p. 

43433701 2004882 Wright, J. (1994) Terrestrial Dissipation of Topsin-M Applied to a Lettuce 

Crop: Lab Project Number: BR-92-30: ML92-0299-ATO: 92.135. 
` 

81

Unpublished study prepared by Plant Sciences, Inc. and Morse Labs, 

Inc. 827 p. 

43545801 Supplemen

tal Report 

see 

43433701 

Wright, J. (1995) Terrestrial Dissipation of Topsin-M Applied to a Lettuce 

Crop: Supplemental Report: Lab Project Numbers: BR-92-30: ABR149570-E: 132853. Unpublished study prepared by Plant Sciences, Inc.; 

Morse Labs, Inc. 8 p. 

88451 DER not 

located 

Pennwalt Corporation (1973) Residues of Topsin M and Topsin E in 

Grass and Soil (Turf Field Plots). (Unpublished study received Feb 9, 

1973 under 4581-288; CDL:007463-K) 

88452 See below Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Run-off Water Residues--Topsin M. 

(Unpublished study received Feb 9, 1973 under 4581-288; CDL: 007463-

M) 

62532 

120563 

2063513 Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Run-Off Water Residues--Topsin M. (Unpublished study received 1973 under 4581-EX-14; CDL:210059-V) 

46788 DER not 

located 

Pennwalt Corporation (1971) Run-Off Water Residues--Topsin M. (Unpublished study received Feb 17, 1972 under unknown admin. no.; 

CDL:127269-F) 

165-5 Fish Bioaccumulation 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

133504 DER not 

located 

Agchem (1983) Bluegill Bioaccumulation Study--Thiophanate-methyl: 

Project No. WT-10-82. (Unpublished study received Dec 15, 1983 

under 4581-322; CDL:251979-E) 

62545 DER not 

located 

Pennwalt Corporation (1972) Residues of Topsin M in Fish Tissue. 

(Unpublished study received 1973 under 4581-EX-14; CDL: 210059-

AO) 

120570 DER not 

located 

W.A. Cleary Corp. (1972) Residues of Topsin M in Fish Tissue. 

(Unpublished study received Sep 7, 1971 under 1001-50; CDL: 

022101-B) 

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

128872 Carbendazim Fate Chemistry Bibliography 

Revisited 07/25/13 

Note to reviewer- Many benomyl studies found in this folder (parent chemical)- also 

a degradate of thiophanate methyl and benomyl. Some DERs were found in 

benomyl fate folder (099101) 

161-1 Hydrolysis 

MRID DER- Citation Reference 
` 

82

PDF 

Image 

 

154696 2052719 

pg. 1 

Priester, T. (1984) Hydrolysis of Carbendazim [2-Carbon-14]: Docu- ment 

No. AMR-265-84. Unpublished study prepared by E. I. du Pont de 

Nemours & Co. 23 p. 

43129614 DER not 

located 

Mullee, D. (1992) BCM Technical Grade (HOE 17411) Hydrolysis: Lab 

Project Number: 121/172. Unpublished study prepared by Safepharm 

Labs. Ltd. 23 p. 

Acc 

259471 

2052710 Wheeler, J. 1985. Hydrolysis of [phenyl-14c(u)]benomyl. Document No. 

AMR 419-85. E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Inc., Wilmington, 

DE. 

Acc. No. 259471. Reference 1 . 

161-2 Photodegradation-water 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

154697 2052719 

pg. 19 

Morales, R. (1984) The Effect of Light on 2-[Carbon-14] Benomyl 

Aqueous Solutions. Unpublished study. 16 p. 

42686801 Contract 

draft –

Surfadone 

LP-100 

Saxena, A.; Marengo, J.; Marsh, S. (1991) Photodegradation of (inert 

ingredient) in a Buffered Aqueous Solution under Artificial Sunlight: Final 

Report: Lab Project Number: SC 900134: W-7. Unpublished study 

prepared by Battelle Memorial Institute. 115 p. 

43129615 DER not 

located 

Mullee, D. (1993) Photostability (BCM Technical): Lab Project Number: 

121/182. Unpublished study prepared by Safepharm Lab. Ltd. 17 p. 

Open lit 2052719- 

pg 13 

F l e e k e r , J. R. and Lacy, H. M . , " P h o t o l y s i s of Methyl 

2-Benzimidazolecarbamate," J . Agr. Food Chem., -2 5 , 51 ( 1 9 7 7 ) . 

161-3 Photodegradation-soil 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

120626 2052719 

pg. 1 

Helweg, A. (1977) Degradation and adsorption of carbendazim and 2-

aminobenzimidazole in soil. Pestic. Sci. 8:71-78. (Also In unpublished 

submission received Sep 27, 1979 under 4581-340; submitted by 

Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL:099006-G) 

No MRID 2052719 

pg. 16 

G a r d i n e r , J. A., "Laboratory Exposure of Methyl-1-(Butylc 

a r b amo y l ) -2-14~-~enzimidazolecarbamatet o Mo i s t u r e , Non-S t 

e r i l e S o i l and UV Light," undated. 

Photo Stability 

MRID DER-PDF Citation Reference 
` 

83

Image 

Not 

provided 

2052719 

pg 15 

G a r d i n e r , J. A., " S t a b i l i t y of Methyl-1-( Butylcarbamoy1)- 

2-Benzimidazolecarbamate i n S u n l i g h t , " undated.

162-1 Aerobic soil metabolism 

MRID DERPDF 

Image 

Citation Reference 

4125580

1 

2052714 

2052718-

summary 

Marsh, B.H., and M.F. Arthur. 1989. Aerobic metabolism o f [phenyl(U)- 

14 Clbenornyl i n Keyport s i l t loam. Laboratory Project ID: B a t t e l l e 

Project 

No. N-0518-8200; du Pont Report No. AMR-1112-88. Unpublished study 

performed by B a t t e l l e Memorial I n s t i t u t e , Columbus, OH, and 

submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Inc., Wilmington, 

DE. 

162-2 Anaerobic soil metabolism 

MRID 

DERPDF 

Image 

Citation Reference 

154699 

40158401 

2052719 

Pg. 38 

2052718

-

summary 

Han, J. (1984) Anaerobic Soil Metabolism of 2-[Carbon-14]-Benomyl and 

Methyl 2-[Carbon-14]-Benzimidazolecarbamate. Unpublished study 

prepared by E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. 16 p. 

41137701 2052713 

2052718

-

summary 

Arthur, M.F., B.H. Marsh, L.C. Fadel, and T.C. Zwick. 1989. Anaerobic 

aquatic metabol ism o f [phenyl (u) -14c] benomyl i n West Jefferson, 

Ohio, pond 

water and sediment. Laboratory Project ID: B a t t e l l e Project No. 

N0799- 

8800; du Pont Report No. AMR-770-87. Unpublished study performed by 

B a t t e l l e Columbus D i v i s i o n , Columbus, OH, and submitted by 

E. I. du Pont deNemours and Company, Inc., Wilmington, DE. 

162-4 Aerobic aquatic metab. 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

45620001 Contract 

draft 

available 

Ritter, A. (1988) Degradation of Carbendazim (HOE 017411) in Two 

Aerobic Aquatic Systems: Lab Project Number: 088132: A37801: HOE 

017411. Unpublished study prepared by RCC Umweltchemie AG. 90 p. 

{OPPTS 835.3180} 
` 

84

41291501 2052716 Arthur, M.F., K.L. Schweitzer, L.C. Fadel, B.H. Marsh, and S.S. Marsh. 

1989. Aerobic aquatic metabol i sm o f [phenyl (u) -14c] benomyl i n 

Greenvi 11 e,M i s s i s s i p p i , water and sediment. Laboratory Project 

ID: B a t t e l l e Project No. N-0966-730; du Pont Report No. AMR1452-89. Unpublished study 

performed by B a t t e l l e Columbus D i v i s i o n , Columbus, OH, and 

submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Inc., Wilmington, 

DE. 

162-4 Anaerobic aquatic metab. 

MRID Citation Reference 

41137701 

2052718 

Arthur, M.F., B.H. Marsh, L.C. Fadel, and T.C. Zwick.1989. Anaerobic 

aquatic metabol i sm o f [phenyl (u) -14c] benomyl i n WestJefferson, 

Ohio, pond water and sediment. Laboratory Project ID: B a t t e l l e 

Project No. N0799-8800; du Pont Report No. AMR-770-87. Unpublished 

study performed by B a t t e l l e Columbus D i v i s i o n , Columbus, 

OH, and submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Inc., 

Wilmington, DE.

163-1 Leach/adsorp/desorption 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

120626 2052719 

pg. 2 

Helweg, A. (1977) Degradation and adsorption of carbendazim and 2-

aminobenzimidazole in soil. Pestic. Sci. 8:71-78. (Also In unpublished 

submission received Sep 27, 1979 under 4581-340; submitted by 

Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL:099006-G) 

120631 Open Lit Aharonson, N.; Kafkafi, U. (1975) Adsorption, mobility, and persistence of thiabendazole and methyl 2-benzimidazolecarbamate in 

soils. J. Agric. Food Chem. 23(4):720-724. (Also In unpub- lished 

submission received Sep 27, 1979 under 4581-340; sub- mitted by 

Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL: 099006-L) 

Not 

provided 

2052719 

open lit 

Aharonson, N. and K a f k a f i , U., "Adsorption and Benzimidazole 

F u n g i c i d e s o n Mo n tmo r i l l o n i t e a n d ~ a o i i n i t eC l a y , " J. 

Agr .Food Chem., -23, 4 3 4 ( 1 9 7 5 ) .

120655 2052719 

pg. 43 

Van Wambeke, E.; Van Assche, C. (1975?) The Importance of Some 

Factors Involved with the Persistence of Carbendazim (MBC) in Soil. 

(Unpublished study received Nov 8, 1977 under 4581-322; submitted 

by Agchem Div., Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, PA; CDL:232170-B) 

No MRID 2052719 

pg. 47 

Rhodes, R. C. and Long, J. D . , "Run-off and Leaching S t u d i e s w i t h 

Me t h y l 2-14~-~enzimidazolecarbamateo n S o i l , " u n d a t e d .

154702 2052719 

pg. 50 

Rhodes, R.; Long, J. (1974) Run-off and mobility studies on Benomyl in 

soils and turf. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology 

12(4):385-393. 

154703 2052719 Aharonson, N.; Kafkafi, U. (1975) Adsorption of Benzimidazole 
` 

85

pg. 2 fungicide on montmorillonite and kaolinite clay surfaces. J. Agric. Food 

Chem. 23(3):434-437. 

154704 2052719 

pg. 55 

Janutolo, D.; Stipes, R. (1978) Benzimidazole fungitoxicants in Virginia 

soils: movement, disappearance, and effect on micro- organisms: 

Bulletin 113: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 

Blackburg, VA: VA Water Resources Research Centre. 65 P. 

43129616 DER not 

located 

Lindner, W. (1991) Assessment of Leaching Rates for 2-

Methoxycarbonylamino-Benzimidazole Fungicide from Paint Films: Lab 

Project Number: RABCM2-7/91. Unpublished study prepared by 

Riedel-De Haen Aktiengesellschaft. 13 p. 

41274801 2052715 

2052717 

Ryan D. 1989. Soil column leaching of [phenyl(~)-'4~]benomyiln a 

rice paddy soil. Completed on October 9, 1989. Performed and 

submitted by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, DE. 

164-1 Terrestrial field dissipation 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image

Citation Reference 

41648901 2016976 

Found w/PC # 

099101 

McNally, M. (1990) Field Soil Dissipation of Formulated Carbendazim 

and Benlate 50 DF Fungicide: Lab Project Number: AMR-1216-88. 

Unpublished study prepared by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co. 104 

p. 

42059102 2017299 

Found w/PC # 

099101 

McNally, M. (1991) Field Soil Dissipation of Formulated Carbendazim 

and Benlate 50 DF Fungicide: Lab Project Number: AMR 1216-88: 

ML89.0116.DUP. Unpublished study prepared by E. I. du Pont de 

Nemours and Co. 44 p. 

42060201 2017299 

Found w/PC # 

099101 

McNally, M. (1991) Field Soil Dissipation of Formulated Carbendazim 

and Benlate 50 DF Fungicide: Lab Project Number: AMR 1216-88: 

ML89-0116-DUP. Unpublished study prepared by E. I. du Pont de 

Nemours and Co., and Morse Labs, Inc. 44 p. 

42686701 2016982 

Found w/PC # 

099101 

McNally, M. (1993) Field Soil Dissipation of Formulated Carbendazim 

and Benlate 50 DF Fungicide--Supplement No. 2: Lab Project 

Number: AMR 1216-88: ML89-0116-DUP. Unpublished study 

prepared by DuPont. 173 p. 

44295403 2017144 

Found w/PC # 

099101 

Xu, B. (1996) Independent Laboratory Validation of a Proposed 

Enforcement Analytical Method for Benomyl Metabolites, 

Carbendazim, and 2-Aminobenzimidazole in Soils by Capillary 

Electrophoresis: Final Report: Lab Project Number: 008-06: AMR 

3650-95: AMR 2953-94. Unpublished study prepared by Centre 

Analytical Laboratories, Inc. 75 p. 

Open lit 2052719 Baude, F. J,, Pease H. L. and Halt, R. F., " Fate of Benomyl on Field 

Soil and Turf," J. Agr. Food Chem.,-22, 413, (1974) Multiple states 

164-5 Long term soil dissipation 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 
` 

86

154700 2052179 

Pg. 44 

Sinha, A.; Agnihotri, V.; Singh, K. (1980) Persistence of Carbendazim in soil and its effect on Rhizosphere fungi of sugarbeet seedlings. 

Indian Phytopath 33(1):21-25. 

154704 2052719 pg. 

2 

Janutolo, D.; Stipes, R. (1978) Benzimidazole fungitoxicants in 

Virginia soils: movement, disappearance, and effect on microorganisms: Bulletin 113: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State 

University. Blackburg, VA: VA Water Resources Research Centre. 65 

P. 

42059102

42060201 

2017299 

Found w/PC # 

099101 Folder 

# F000923

McNally, M. (1991) Field Soil Dissipation of Formulated Carbendazim 

and Benlate 50 DF Fungicide: Lab Project Number: AMR 1216-88: 

ML89.0116.DUP. Unpublished study prepared by E. I. du Pont de 

Nemours and Co. 44 p. 

42060201 2017299 

Found w/PC # 

099101 Folder # 

F000923

McNally, M. (1991) Field Soil Dissipation of Formulated Carbendazim 

and Benlate 50 DF Fungicide: Lab Project Number: AMR 1216-88: 

ML89-0116-DUP. Unpublished study prepared by E. I. du Pont de 

Nemours and Co., and Morse Labs, Inc. 44 p. 

42686701 2016982 

Found w/PC # 

099101 Folder # 

F000923

McNally, M. (1993) Field Soil Dissipation of Formulated Carbendazim 

and Benlate 50 DF Fungicide--Supplement No. 2: Lab Project 

Number: AMR 1216-88: ML89-0116-DUP. Unpublished study 

prepared by DuPont. 173 p. 

165-1 Confined rotational crop 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

40496806 2052721 Rhodes, B. (1984) Greenhouse Crop Rotation Study with ?2-?Carbon 

14|| Carbendazim: Laboratory Project ID: AMR-495-86. Unpublish- ed 

study prepared by E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Inc. 35 p. 

165-4 Bioaccumulation in fish 

MRID DER-PDF 

Image Citation Reference 

154468 

ACC 

260573 

2052711 

2052712 

2052720 

Hutton, D. (1985) Laboratory Studies of [2-Carbon-14] Carbendazim 

Bioconcentration in Bluegill Sunfish: Report No. 428-84. Unpublished study prepared by DuPont Haskell Laboratory. 47 p. 

 2052719 pg 

75 

H a z l e t o n L a b o r a t o r i e s , " T i s s u e Residue Study - B l u e 

g i l l 

S u n f i s h H-7122," Dec. 2 , 1971, Submitted to Du Pont. 

Non-Guideline Study Selections 

MRID Citation Reference 
` 

87

154701 2052719 

pg. 2 

Ramakrishna, C.; Gowda, T.; Sethunathan, N. (1979) Effect of Beno- myl 

and its hydrolysis products, MBC and Ab, on nitrification in a flooded soil. 

Bull. Environm. Contam. Toxicol. 21:328-333. 

42812301 

Letter Sharp, J. (1993) Letter Sent to Office of Pesticide Programs dated June 

16, 1993: Effects of Harvesan Fungicide (DPX-7872-1 23): a combination 

of flusilazole and carbendazim on soil microflora. Prepared by Du Pont 

Agric. Products. 1 p. 

42982601 

DER not 

located 

Danneberg, G. (1993) Study of the Effects of DPX-N7872-123 on the 

Activity of the Microflora of Soil: Final Report: Lab Project Number: BE-S11-92-01-DEH-02. Unpublished study prepared by Battelle Europe. 27 p. 

40896 

Tolerance 

study 

Reuter, J. (1975) Distribution and Identification of Residues in Apple Fruit 

with 14C Topsin M. (Unpublished study received Jan 15, 1975 under 

4581-EX-17; prepared in cooperation with Mal- linckrodt, submitted by 

Pennwalt Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; CDL: 094719-E) 

Not 

provided 

2052719 

pg 22 P r i n c e , J. L . , " D e t e r m i n a t i o n o f Residues of 

Carbendazim 

i n Crops and S o i l , " Du Pont Document N o . AMR-260-84, 

undated

44295402 

ECM 

Method 

Adams, G. (1995) Residue Procedure for the Analysis of Benomyl, 

Carbendazim (MBC), and 2-Aminobenzimidazole (2AB) in Soils by 

Capillary Electrophoresis: Lab Project Number: AMR 2953-94. 

Unpublished study prepared by DuPont Agricultural Products and 

McKenzie Laboratories, Inc. 35 p.

2052723 

2052724 Fate Database Oneliner Reports 1990 and 1994 

 
` 

88

D. ACTIVE Registrations For 102001 / 23564-05-8 / 

Thiophanate-methyl 

Registration 

# Registration Name/status Rate Company Name/# % of Active 

228-626

06/30/11

NUFARM T-METHYL SPC 4.5 F 

FUNGICIDE/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (06-Jul-2004), 

Turf & Ornamental use 

7-20 oz 

/100 gal/A 

NUFARM 

AMERICAS, INC./ 

228 

46.2 

228-628

12/21/09

NUFARM T-METHYL SPC 50 WSB 

FUNGICIDE/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (12-Oct-2004), 

Turf and Ornamental use

8-16 oz/ 

100gal/A 

6-16/1000 

sq ft 

NUFARM 

AMERICAS, INC./ 

228 

50 

228-631

04/23/2010

NUFARM T-METHYL SPC 

GRANULAR FUNGICIDE/Active - 

Conditionally Registered (10-May-2006)

Turf and Ornamental use

NUFARM 

AMERICAS, INC./ 

228 

2.08 

228-652

12/03/12

NUFARM T-METHYL 4.5 F 

FUNGICIDE/ Active - Registered (22-

Mar-2007) Many Crop Uses + 

conifers

0.7-1.4 lbs 

ai/A 

NUFARM 

AMERICAS, INC./ 

228 

46.2 

228-655

06/24/11

NUFARM T-METHYL 70 WSB 

FUNGICIDE/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (07-May-2007) 

Many Crop Uses + conifers

0.7-1.4 lb 

ai/A 

Max 2.8 lb 

ai/yr 

NUFARM 

AMERICAS, INC. 70 

264-990

01/30/10

TOPS 30 FLOWABLE FUNGICIDE/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (08-

Mar-2005), Seed Treatment

BAYER 

CROPSCIENCE 

LP/264 

30 

538-88

06/21/11

SYSTEMIC FUNGICIDE/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (19-Feb-1974), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005) Lawn and Turf use only

2.72 lbs 

ai/app up to 

21.77 lbs 

ai/yr – 14 

day 

interval- turf

SCOTTS 

COMPANY/538, 2.3 

538-133

PROTURF FERTILIZER PLUS DSB 

FUNGICIDE / Active - Conditionally 

Registered (27-Apr-1979), Concurrent - 

Under Reregistration (10-Feb-2005)

538 SCOTTS 

COMPANY/538, 1.75 

538-EIT

ANDERSON'SSYSTEMIC 

FUNGICIDE/ Pending - Under Review 

(09-Jan-2001)

538 SCOTTS 

COMPANY/ 538, 2.3 

869-EUE

GREEN LIGHT FUNG AWAY III 

SYSTEMIC LAWN FUNGICIDE/ 

Pending - Under Review (31-Jan-2002)

GREEN LIGHT 

COMPANY/869 2.08 
` 

89

1001-63

3336 WP TURF AND 

ORNAMENTAL FUNGICIDE/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (26-Sep-1988), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

CLEARY 

CHEMICALS, 

LLC/1001 

50 

1001-69

09/09/13

3336 F/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (24-Oct-1995), Ornamental, 

Lawn and Turf use only

2.68 gal//A 

per year -

golf course 

w 14 D 

interval 

CLEARY 

CHEMICALS, 

LLC/1001 

41.25 

1001-70

3336 G/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (24-Oct-1995), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

1001 

CLEARY 

CHEMICALS, 

LLC/1001 

2.08 

1001-78

3336 PLUS SYSTEMIC FUNGICIDE/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (05-

Aug-2004), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

1001 

CLEARY 

CHEMICALS, 

LLC/1001 

19.4 

1001-80

PREMIUM SYSTEMIC FUNGICIDE/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (28-

Jan-2008)

1001 

CLEARY 

CHEMICALS, 

LLC/1001 

44.62 

1001-81 3336(R) 70EG/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (18-Sep-2008) 1001 

CLEARY 

CHEMICALS, 

LLC/1001 

70 

1001-89 3336 EG/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (20-Jun-2013) 1001 

CLEARY 

CHEMICALS, 

LLC/1001 

50 

1381-222

THIOPHANATE-METHYL 45% F 

FUNGICIDE/ Active - Registered (15-

Nov-2007)

WINFIELD 

SOLUTIONS, 

LLC/1381 

46.2 

1381-228

THIOPHANATE-METHYL 50% WSB 

FUNGICIDE/ Active - Registered (28-

Sep-2007)

1381 

WINFIELD 

SOLUTIONS, 

LLC/1381 

50 

8033-118

TOPSIN M TECHNICAL/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (16-Jan-1973), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 97 

8033-119

FANATE 70WSB/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (25-Jul-2001), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

8033 NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 70 

8033-120

TOPSIN M 70WP/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (23-Aug-2000), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

8033 NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 70 
` 

90

8033-121

TOPSIN M 5D FUNGICIDE/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (06-Jan-1983), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

8033 NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 5 

8033-122

TOPSIN 4.5 FL / Active - 

Conditionally Registered (03-Nov-1983), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

8033 NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 45 

8033-123

TOPSIN M 5G FUNGICIDE/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (22-Mar-1990), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

8033 NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 5 

8033-124

TOPSIN M 85 WDG/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (22-Mar-1990), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

8033 NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 85 

8033-125

TOPSIN M WSB/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (22-Dec-1993), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

8033 NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 70 

8033-126 TOPSIN M 70WDG/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (10-Jun-2005) 8033 NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 70 

8033-128 FANATE II 4.5F/ Active - Registered 

(06-Aug-2009) 8033 NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 46.2 

8033-REO

THIOPHANATE METHYL 4.1 SC 

FUNGICIDE/ Pending - Under Review 

(27-Jun-2013)

8033 NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 41.3 

8033-RGN

THIOPHANATE METHYL 4.1 SC 

T&O FUNGICIDE/ Pending - Under 

Review (27-Jun-2013)

8033 NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 41.3 

10163-EUI THIOPHANATE-METHYL 70-W/ 

Pending - Under Review (15-Sep-1999)

GOWAN 

COMPANY/10163 70 

10163-249

THIOPHANATE METHYL 80 WDG/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (07-

Nov-2000), Concurrent - Under 

Reregistration (10-Feb-2005)

10163 GOWAN 

COMPANY/10163 80 

10163-262

THIOPHANATE METHYL 70-W 

AGRICULTURAL FUNGICIDE/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (30-

Oct-2001), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

10163 GOWAN 

COMPANY/10163 70 

10163-291

THIOPHANATE-METHYL 

TECHNICAL 98.4/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (14-Dec-2006)

10163 GOWAN 

COMPANY/10163 98.4 
` 

91

10163-292

THIOPHANATE-METHYL 

TECHNICAL/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (17-Jun-1999), Concurrent - 

Under Reregistration (10-Feb-2005)

10163 GOWAN 

COMPANY/10163 95.1 

34704-921

THIOFAN 8 METHYL 4.5 

FUNGICIDE/ Active - Registered (28-

Mar-2006)

LOVELAND 

PRODUCTS, INC. 

34704 

46.2 

34704-932 THIO-M 50 WSB FUNGICIDE/ Active 

- Conditionally Registered (05-Jul-2006) 34704 

LOVELAND 

PRODUCTS, INC. 

34704 

50 

34704-1007 LPI THIO-M 70 WSB/ Active - 

Registered (05-Jun-2008) 34704 

LOVELAND 

PRODUCTS, INC. 

34704 

70 

34704-1008 LPI THIO-M AG 4.5F/ Active - 

Registered (05-Jun-2008) 34704 

LOVELAND 

PRODUCTS, INC. 

34704 

46.2 

35935-59 ET-003/Active - Conditionally 

Registered (21-Mar-2006)

NUFARM 

LIMITED/35935 98 

48234-12

SYSTEC 1998 FL/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (06-Mar-1995), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

REGAL 

CHEMICAL CO./ 

48234 

46.2 

48234-13

SYSTEC 1998 WDG/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (06-Mar-1995), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

48234 

REGAL 

CHEMICAL CO./ 

48234 

85 

51036-GIR THIOPHANATE METHYL 2G/ 

Pending - Under Review (09-Jul-2001)

BASF SPARKS 

LLC/51036 2 

51036-GIE THIOPHANATE METHYL 1G/ 

Pending - Under Review (09-Jul-2001) 51036 BASF SPARKS 

LLC/51036 1.04 

51274-1 COLORSTAR PLUS/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (07-Jan-2011)

NELSON PLANT 

FOOD/51274 .2 

53883-RNR T-METHYL 2.08G/ Pending - Under 

Review (16-Dec-2002)

CONTROL 

SOLUTIONS, 

INC./ 53883 

2.08 

53883-RNE T-METHYL 4.5L/ Pending - Under 

Review (16-Dec-2002) 53883 

CONTROL 

SOLUTIONS, 

INC./ 53883 

46.2 

53883-RRR T-METHYL 1.04G/ Pending - Under 

Review (16-Dec-2002) 53883 

CONTROL 

SOLUTIONS, 

INC./ 53883 

1.04 

53883-183

T-METHYL G-PRO GRANULAR/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (10-

Jan-2006)

53883 

CONTROL 

SOLUTIONS, 

INC./ 53883 

2.08 
` 

92

53883-321 QUALI-PRO TM 85 WDG/ Active - 

Registered (19-Nov-2012) 53883 

CONTROL 

SOLUTIONS, 

INC./ 53883 

85 

55146-127 ST-METHYL 540 FS/ Active - 

Registered (15-Jan-2013)

NUFARM 

AMERICAS, INC./ 

55146 

46.2 

58185-30

FUNGO 50 WSB WETTABLE 

POWDER TURF & ORNAMENTAL 

SYSTEMIC FUNGICIDE/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (27-Jan-1994), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

EVERRIS NA, 

INC./ 58185 50 

58185-33

DOMAIN FL/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (22-Feb-1996), Concurrent - 

Under Reregistration (10-Feb-2005)

58185 EVERRIS NA, 

INC./ 58185 46.2 

59807-5 OHP 4.5 L FUNGICIDE/ Active - 

Registered (20-Sep-2007) OHP, INC./ 59807 46.2 

59807-6 OHP 50 WP FUNGICIDE/ Active - 

Registered (17-Sep-2007) 59807 OHP, INC./ 59807 50 

66222-134

THIOPHANATE METHYL 4.5 F/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (20-

Sep-2001), Concurrent - Under 

Reregistration (10-Feb-2005)

MAKHTESHIM 

AGAN OF NORTH 

AMERICA, INC./ 

66222 

46.2 

66222-145

NATIONS AG II THIOPHANATE 

METHYL 85 WDG/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (14-Nov-2001), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

66222 

MAKHTESHIM 

AGAN OF NORTH 

AMERICA, INC./ 

66222 

85 

66330-292

THIOPHANATE METHYL 70W/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (14-

Jun-2001), Concurrent - Under 

Reregistration (10-Feb-2005)

ARYSTA 

LIFESCIENCE 

NORTH 

AMERICA, LLC 

/66330 

70 

66330-293

THIOPHANATE METHYL 4.5L/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (06-

Aug-2001), Concurrent - Under 

Reregistration (10-Feb-2005)

66330 

ARYSTA 

LIFESCIENCE 

NORTH 

AMERICA, 

LLC/66330 

46.2 

66330-294

Active - Conditionally Registered (10-

Oct-2001), Concurrent - Under 

Reregistration (10-Feb-2005)

66330 

ARYSTA 

LIFESCIENCE 

NORTH 

AMERICA, LLC 

/66330 

50 

66330-301

THIOPHANATE METHYL 70W WSB/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (06-

Sep-2001), Concurrent - Under 

66330 

ARYSTA 

LIFESCIENCE 

NORTH 

70 
` 

93

Reregistration (10-Feb-2005) AMERICA, LLC 

/66330 

66330-304

THIOPHANATE METHYL 98% 

TECH/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (19-Jul-2001), Concurrent - 

Under Reregistration (12-Jan-2006)

66330 

ARYSTA 

LIFESCIENCE 

NORTH 

AMERICA, LLC 

/66330 

98.3 

66330-327

THIOPHANATE METHYL 85EG 

/Active - Registered (01-May-2002), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

66330 

ARYSTA 

LIFESCIENCE 

NORTH 

AMERICA, LLC 

/66330 

85 

66330-335

THIOPHANATE METHYL 4.5F AG/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (11-

Aug-2004), Concurrent - Under 

Reregistration (10-Feb-2005)

66330 

ARYSTA 

LIFESCIENCE 

NORTH 

AMERICA, LLC 

/66330 

46.2 

70506-250 T-BIRD 85 WDG/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (20-Apr-2006)

UNITED 

PHOSPHORUS, 

INC/70506 

85 

70506-251 T-BIRD 4.5L/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (20-Apr-2006) 70506 

UNITED 

PHOSPHORUS, 

INC/70506 

46.2 

70506-304

ANDERSONS GOLF PRODUCTS 

FUNGO FLO/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (09-Aug-2004), Concurrent - 

Under Reregistration (10-Feb-2005)

70506 

UNITED 

PHOSPHORUS, 

INC/70506 

45 

72112-1 TRANSOM 50 WSB/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (13-Jan-2006)

PROKOZ, INC./ 

72112 50 

72112-2 TRANSOM 4.5 F/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (13-Jan-2006) 72112 PROKOZ, INC./ 

72112 46.2 

83070-1 TEE-OFF 4.5F/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (30-Nov-2006)

ADVAN 

LLC/83070 46.2 

83558-21

THIOPHANATE-METHYL 

TECHNICAL/Active - Conditionally 

Registered (12-Feb-2001), Concurrent - 

Under Reregistration (10-Feb-2005)

CELSIUS 

PROPERTY B.V., 

AMSTERDAM 

(NL)/ 83558 

99 

84229-3

THIOPHANATE-METHYL 85% 

WDG/ Active - Conditionally Registered 

(07-Aug-2008)

TIDE 

INTERNATIONAL, 

USA, INC./ 84229 

85 

84930-34 ARC-TFAN 4.5FL FUNGICIDE/ 

Active - Registered (28-Apr-2011)

ARCANA, 

LLC/84930 45 

85724-1 AKOTOP 85 WG/ Active - Registered 

(10-Mar-2009) AAKO B.V./ 85724 85 
` 

94

86363-10 THIOFAN8 4.0/ Active - Registered 

(30-Jun-2011)

KAIZEN 

TECHNOLOGIES, 

LLC/86363 

41.25 

89167-22 AX TFM 4.5FL FUNGICIDE/ Active - 

Registered (14-Jan-2013)

AXION AG 

PRODUCTS, 

LLC/89167 

45 

89442-14

THIOPHANATE METHYL 4.5F 

SELECT/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (16-Jul-2013)

PRIME SOURCE, 

LLC/89442 46.2 

Mixture Products- multi actives

228-630

NUFARM TM+IP SPC FUNGICIDE + 

Iprodione/Active - Conditionally 

Registered (07-Nov-2005)

NUFARM 

AMERICAS, INC./ 

228 

19.65 

19.65 

228-638

NUFARM TM + CTN SPC 66.6 WDG 

FUNGICIDE With Chlorothalonil/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (07-

Dec-2006)

228 

NUFARM 

AMERICAS, INC./ 

228 

16.66/5

0 

228-639

TM + CTN E-PRO 90 WDG 

FUNGICIDE with Chlorothalonil/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (07-

Dec-2006)

228 

NUFARM 

AMERICAS, INC./ 

228 

18/72 

264-958

TOPS MZ POTATO SEED-PIECE 

TREATMENT FUNGICIDE with 

Mancozeb/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (05-Oct-1995), Concurrent - 

Under Reregistration (31-Jul-2007)

BAYER 

CROPSCIENCE 

LP/264 

2.5/6 

264-973

EVOLVE POTATO SEED PIECE 

TREATMENT FUNGICIDE with 

Mancozeb and Cymoxanil/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (05-Oct-1995), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (31-

Jul-2007)

264 

BAYER 

CROPSCIENCE 

LP/264 

2.5/6/1 

264-998

FOUR WAY PEANUT SEED 

TREATMENT FUNGICIDE 

With Metalaxyl, Trifloxystrobin, 

and Captan/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (10-Jun-2005), Concurrent - 

RUP (10-Jun-2005)

264 

BAYER 

CROPSCIENCE 

LP/264 

13.6/8/

2/ 

49 

432-1414

26/36 FUNGICIDE 

With Iprodione / Active - 

Conditionally Registered (01-Mar-2005)

BAYER 

ENVIRONMENTA

L SCIENCE/432 

19.65/ 

19.65 

432-1440

SYSSTAR WDG 

With Flutolanil / Active - 

Conditionally Registered (09-Nov-2000), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (07-

432 

BAYER 

ENVIRONMENTA

L SCIENCE/432 

28.58/ 

51.42 
` 

95

Apr-2010)

432-RUUR Systar With Flutolanil/ Pending - 

Under Review (14-May-1999) 432 

BAYER 

ENVIRONMENTA

L SCIENCE/432 

1/1.8 

1001-90

RACHET FUNGICIDE with 

Tebuconazole/ Active - Registered 

(20-May-2013)

CLEARY 

CHEMICALS, 

LLC/1001 

36.3/ 

7.1 

7969-268

ACRONIS FUNGICIDE SEED 

TREATMENT with Pyraclostrobin/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (29-

Oct-2009)

BASF 

CORPORATION/7

969 

37.92/ 

4.22 

1001-72

SPECTRO 90 WDG with 

Chlorothalonil/ Active - Conditionally 

Reregistered (09-Mar-2000), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

CLEARY 

CHEMICALS, 

LLC/1001 

18/72 

8033-127

TEBUCONAZOLE/TOPSIN PREMIX/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (31-

Jan-2008)

NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD./ 8033 

37.5/7.

5 

9198-228

ANDERSONS GOLF PRODUCTS 

FERTILIZER PLUS FUNGICIDE VIII 

with Iprodione/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (09-May-2005)

THE 

ANDERSONS 

LAWN 

FERTILIZER 

DIVISION, INC./ 

9198 

2.05/1.

02 

9198-229

ANDERSONS GOLF PRODUCTS 

FLUID FUNGICIDE with Iprodione/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (31-

May-2006)

9198 

THE 

ANDERSONS 

LAWN 

FERTILIZER 

DIVISION, INC./ 

9198 

19.65/ 

19.65 

34704-IUL

PCC 1215 FUNGICIDE DUST with 

Mancozeb/ Pending - Under Review 

(04-Jan-2002)

LOVELAND 

PRODUCTS, INC./ 

34704 

2.5/6 

34704-1064

PROTOCOL with Propiconazole/ 

Active - Conditionally Registered (12-

Apr-2012)

34704 

LOVELAND 

PRODUCTS, INC./ 

34704 

23.7/7.

1 

48234-7

CONSYST WDG with 

Chlorothalonil/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (22-Nov-1993), Concurrent - 

Under Reregistration (10-Feb-2005)

REGAL 

CHEMICAL CO./ 

48234 

16.66/5

0 

53883-309

QUALI-PRO ENCLAVE 5.3F 

With Chlorothalonil, Iprodione, 

and Tebuconazole/ Active - 

Registered (16-Nov-2012)

CONTROL 

SOLUTIONS, 

INC./ 53883 

9.4/24.

7/ 

9.4/2.8 

53883-323 QUALI-PRO TMI 20/20 with 53883 CONTROL 19.65/ 
` 

96

Iprodione/ Active - Registered (25-Jan2013)SOLUTIONS, 

INC./ 53883 

19.65 

58185-10

BANROT BROAD SPECTRUM 

FUNGICIDE 40% WETTABLE 

POWDER with Etridiazole/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (17-Jul-1987), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

EVERRIS NA, 

INC./ 58185 25/15 

58185-23

BANROT 8 G FUNGICIDE with 

Etridiazole/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (17-Jul-1987), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

58185 EVERRIS NA, 

INC./ 58185 5/3 

58185-31

DUOSAN WSB WETTABLE 

POWDER TURF AND 

ORNAMENTAL FUNGICIDE with 

Mancozeb/ Active - Conditionally 

Registered (04-Aug-1993), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (31-

Jul-2007)

58185 EVERRIS NA, 

INC. 15.6/64 

58185-32

DUOSAN BROAD SPECTRUM 

CONTACT ORNAMENTAL 

FUNGICIDE with Mancozeb/ Active 

- Conditionally Registered (04-Aug1993), Concurrent - Under 

Reregistration (31-Jul-2007)

58185 EVERRIS NA, 

INC./ 58185 15.6/64 

66330-311

IPRODIONE/THIOPHANATE 

METHYL COMBO/ Active - 

Conditionally Registered (30-Jun-2004), 

Concurrent - Under Reregistration (10-

Feb-2005)

ARYSTA 

LIFESCIENCE 

NORTH 

AMERICA, LLC 

/66330 

19.65/ 

19.65 

70506-254 PEREGRINE with Chlorothalonil/ 

Active - Registered (19-Sep-2006)

UNITED 

PHOSPHORUS, 

INC/70506 

16.66/5

0 

70506-261 DOVETAIL with Iprodione/ Active - 

Registered (25-Apr-2007) 70506 

UNITED 

PHOSPHORUS, 

INC/70506 

19.65/ 

19.65 

83070-2

TEE-1 UP WDG FUNGICIDE with 

Chlorothalonil/ Active - Registered 

(11-Jun-2007)

ADVAN 

LLC/83070 

16.66/5

0 

89167-26

AX TFM-TEB LIQUID FLOWABLE 

FUNGICIDE with Tebuconazole/ 

Active - Registered (06-Feb-2013)

AXION AG 

PRODUCTS, 

LLC/89167 

37.5/7.

5 

Section 18 registrations

Section 

18’s, CA, TOPSIN M WSB 8033 NIPPON SODA 

CO., LTD. 70 
` 

97

WA, WI, 

MN, VA, 

DE, NY, ID, 

OR, GA 
` 

98

E. Active Registrations for 128872 / 10605-21-7 / Carbendazim\ 

Registration # Registration Name Company # Company Name % of Active 

Ingredient

Industrial Use Products 

365-80

MERGAL BCM 

Active - Conditionally 

Registered (17-Mar-2000)

365 

TROY CHEMICAL 

COMPANY 

LIMITED 

99 

365-81

BCM TECHNICAL 

Active - Conditionally 

Registered (17-Mar-2000), 

Concurrent - Under 

Reregistration (04-Jan-2005)

365 

TROY CHEMICAL 

COMPANY 

LIMITED 

99 

707-303

ROCIMA 63 INDUSTRIAL 

MICROBICIDE with Diuron 

and Octhilinone 

Active - Conditionally 

Registered (02-Oct-2003), 

707 ROHM & HAAS CO 7.5/20/2.7 

707-304

ROCIMA 65 INDUSTRIAL 

MICROBICIDEActive - 

Conditionally Registered (05-

Nov-2003) with 128996 and 

128101 

707 ROHM & HAAS CO 9/3.5/5 

5383-102

MERGAL S 90 Active

Registered (25-Jun-1996), 

with Octhilinone and 

128996 

5383 TROY CHEMICAL 

CORP 9.9/4.5/4.9 

5383-108

POLYPHASE 662 with 

107801 Troysan and 

Irgarol Active - Conditionally 

Registered (29-Aug-2001)

5383 TROY CHEMICAL 

CORP 12/4/4 

5383-109

POLYPHASE 663 with 

Diuron and Troysan KK 

Active - Conditionally 

Registered (13-Sep-2001), 

Concurrent - Under 

Reregistration (28-Oct-2005)

5383 TROY CHEMICAL 

CORP 9/15/3 

5383-110

POLYPHASE 678 with 

Troysan KK 

Active - Conditionally 

Registered (01-May-2002)

5383 TROY CHEMICAL 

CORP 15/5 

5383-133

TROY EX 2085 with 

Troysan KK Active - 

Registered (31-Jan-2008)

5383 TROY CHEMICAL 

CORP 15/5 
` 

99

5383-134

TROY EX-2108 Active - 

Conditionally Registered (27-

Jul-2007)

5383 TROY CHEMICAL 

CORP 20 

39967-71

PREVENTOL A 14-D with 

Diuron and Octhilinone 

Active - registered (30-Jul2008), Reregistration (12-

May-2010)

39967 LANXESS 

CORPORATION 10/22/3 

74075-2

INTACE FUNGICIDE B-350

Active - Conditionally 

Registered (06-Jan-2005)

74075 INTACE 43.54 

Tree Injection uses

7946-14 

Tree Injection 

uses 

FUNGISOL with 2-EEEBC 

Active - Conditionally 

Registered (08-Sep-1993), 

 Reregistration (16-Jul-2010)

7946 J. J. MAUGET CO. 0.3/1.7 

7946-20 

Tree Injection 

uses 

ABASOL (TM) with 2-

EEEBC and Abamectin

Active - Conditionally 

Registered (30-Dec-1996), 

 Reregistration (16-Jul-2010)

7946 J. J. MAUGET CO. 0.3/1.7/0.46 

7946-21

Tree Injection 

uses 

IMISOL with 2-EEEBC and 

Imidacloprid

Active - Conditionally 

Registered (28-Nov-1997), 

 Reregistration (16-Jul-2010)

7946 J. J. MAUGET CO. 0.3/1.7/5