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###### Department of the Interior

###### National Park Service

          - [NPS-WASO-NAGPRA-NPS0038994; PPWOCRADN0-PCU00RP14.R50000]

# AGENCY:

National Park Service, Interior.

# ACTION:

Notice.

# SUMMARY:

In accordance with the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), the San Francisco State University (SF State) NAGPRA Program intends to repatriate certain cultural items that meet the definition of unassociated funerary objects or objects of cultural patrimony and that have a cultural affiliation with the Indian Tribes or Native Hawaiian organizations in this notice.

# DATES:

Repatriation of the cultural items in this notice may occur on or after December 12, 2024.

# ADDRESSES:

                        Elise Green, San Francisco State University NAGPRA Program, 1600 Holloway Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94132, telephone (415) 338-1381, email                         *egreen@sfsu.edu.*

# SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:

This notice is published as part of the National Park Service's administrative responsibilities under NAGPRA. The determinations in this notice are the sole responsibility of the SF State NAGPRA Program, and additional information on the determinations in this notice, including the results of consultation, can be found in the summary or related records. The National Park Service is not responsible for the determinations in this notice.

## Abstract of Information Available

A total of 471 lots of cultural items have been requested for repatriation. The 471 lots of unassociated funerary objects are lithics, obsidian, sediment samples, beads, faunal remains, pestles, chert, steatite, and tools. These cultural items are from archaeological sites: CA-FRE-Yosemite, CA-FRE-Shaver Lake, CA-FRE-Huntington Lake Region, CA-Auberry-UNK, CA-Auberry-22, CA-Auberry-20, CA-Auberry-19, CA-Auberry-18, CA-Auberry-17, CA-Auberry-16, CA-Auberry-15, CA-Auberry-14, CA-Auberry-12, CA-Auberry-10, CA-Auberry-9, CA-Auberry-8, CA-Auberry-7, CA-Auberry-6, CA-Auberry-5, CA-Auberry-4, CA-Auberry-3, CA-Auberry-2, CA-Auberry-1, CA-FRE-2264, CA-FRE-2263, CA-FRE-492. The “Auberry Burgess Collection” was donated to SF State in October 1968 by Ray Burgess as a gift. The remainder of the archaeological sites are located near Shaver Lake in Fresno County.

                    It was once common practice by museums to use chemicals on cultural items to prevent deterioration by mold, insects, and moisture. To date, the SF State NAGPRA Program has no records documenting use of chemicals at our facilities, and we currently do not use chemicals on any cultural items. A former SF State professor, Dr. Michael Moratto, stated that staff used glues, polyvinyl acetate, and a solution called Glyptol to mend and stabilize cultural objects in the past. Prior non-invasive and non-destructive hazardous chemical tests conducted at the SF State NAGPRA Program repositories show arsenic, mercury, and/or lead in some storage containers, surfaces, and certain cultural items.                          ( print page 89036)    

A total of seven cultural items are requested for repatriation. The seven objects of cultural patrimony include three seed beater baskets, one burden basket, two cradle boards, and one round basket. These baskets were donated to the Treganza Anthropology Museum (TAM) at San Francisco State University in the 1960s and 1970s. When the TAM closed in 2012, all the Native American items were transferred to the SF State NAGPRA Program.

It was once common practice by museums to use chemicals on cultural items to prevent deterioration by mold, insects, and moisture. To date, the SF State NAGPRA Program has no records documenting use of chemicals at our facilities, and we currently do not use chemicals on any cultural items. A former SF State professor, Dr. Michael Moratto, stated that staff used glues, polyvinyl acetate, and a solution called Glyptol to mend and stabilize cultural objects in the past. Prior non-invasive and non-destructive hazardous chemical tests conducted at the SF State NAGPRA Program repositories show arsenic, mercury, and/or lead in some storage containers, surfaces, and certain cultural items.

## Determinations

The SF State NAGPRA Program has determined that:
    - The seven objects of cultural patrimony described in this notice have ongoing historical, traditional, or cultural importance central to the Native American group, including any constituent sub-group (such as a band, clan, lineage, ceremonial society, or other subdivision), according to the Native American traditional knowledge of an Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian organization.
    - The 471 lots of unassociated funerary objects described in this notice are reasonably believed to have been placed intentionally with or near human remains, and are connected, either at the time of death or later as part of the death rite or ceremony of a Native American culture according to the Native American traditional knowledge of a lineal descendant, Indian Tribe, or Native Hawaiian organization. The unassociated funerary objects have been identified by a preponderance of the evidence as related to human remains, specific individuals, or families, or removed from a specific burial site or burial area of an individual or individuals with cultural affiliation to an Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian organization.
    - There is a reasonable connection between the cultural items described in this notice and Big Sandy Rancheria of Western Mono Indians of California.

## Requests for Repatriation

                    Additional, written requests for repatriation of the cultural items in this notice must be sent to the authorized representative identified in this notice under                     **ADDRESSES**                    . Requests for repatriation may be submitted by any lineal descendant, Indian Tribe, or Native Hawaiian organization not identified in this notice who shows, by a preponderance of the evidence, that the requestor is a lineal descendant or a culturally affiliated Indian Tribe or Native Hawaiian organization.                

Repatriation of the cultural items in this notice to a requestor may occur on or after December 12, 2024. If competing requests for repatriation are received, the SF State NAGPRA Program must determine the most appropriate requestor prior to repatriation. Requests for joint repatriation of the cultural items are considered a single request and not competing requests. The SF State NAGPRA Program is responsible for sending a copy of this notice to the Indian Tribes and Native Hawaiian organizations identified in this notice and to any other consulting parties.

*Authority:*                     Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act, 25 U.S.C. 3004 and the implementing regulations, 43 CFR 10.9.                

Dated: October 29, 2024.

Melanie O'Brien,

Manager, National NAGPRA Program.

[FR Doc. 2024-26076 Filed 11-8-24; 8:45 am]

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