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				<p style="text-align:center; "><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; "></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; "></span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">United States of America</span></p>
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				<p style="text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION</span></p>
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				<p style="text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">1120 20th Street, N.W., 9</span><span style="font-size:10pt; position:relative;font-size:0.58em; bottom: 1ex;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">th</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Floor</span></p>
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				<p style="text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">Washington, DC 20036-3457</span></p>
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							<p style="margin-top:8px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1.5; margin-bottom:0cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Secretary of Labor,</span></p>
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							<p style="line-height:1.5; margin-bottom:0cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> Complainant</span></p>
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							<p style="line-height:1.5; margin-bottom:0cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> v.</span></p>
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							<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; margin-bottom:0cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">OSHRC Docket No.:<span>
									</span></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">18-1859</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">
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							<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:8px; margin-bottom:0cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">FabArc</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
									</span>Steel Supply, Inc.,</span></p>
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							<p style="line-height:1.5; margin-bottom:0cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> Respondent.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:10.667px; margin-bottom:8px; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; ">Appearances:</span></p>
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				<p><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Christian P. Barber, Esq.<span>
						</span></span></p>
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				<p><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Office of the Solicitor, U.S. Department of Labor, Nashville, Tennessee<span>
						</span></span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:10.667px; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>For Complainant</span></p>
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				<p><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Charity Parris, Environmental Health & Safety Director</span></p>
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				<p style="text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; ">FabArc</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Steel Supply, Inc., Oxford, Alabama</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:10.667px; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>For Respondent</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:10.667px; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; ">BEFORE: Administrative Law Judge<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; ">Sharon D. Calhoun</span></p>
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			<p class="style_Heading1 style_Heading1 " style="outline-width:1; " xmlns:text="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:text:1.0" text:is-list-header="true"><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">
				</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">DECISION AND ORDER</span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>Steel Supply, Inc.<span>
					</span>(FabArc)<span><span></span>
					</span>is engaged in the business of manufacturing fabricated steel products<span><span></span>
					</span>for steel erection. On<span>
					</span>October 11, 2018, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Compliance Safety and Health Officer (CSHO)<span>
					</span>Lynne Bollinger<span>
					</span>conducted an inspection of<span>
					</span>FabArc’s<span><span></span>
					</span>facility<span>
					</span>located<span>
					</span>at<span>
					</span>111 Meadow Lane, Oxford, Alabama. As a result of OSHA’s inspection, the Secretary issued a Citation and Notification of Penalty (Citation) to<span>
					</span>FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>on<span>
					</span>November 5, 2018,<span>
					</span>alleging<span>
					</span>three<span>
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">serious violations of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, 29 U.S.C. §§ 651-678 (Act).<span>
						</span></span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Item 1 alleges a<span>
					</span>serious violation of 29<span><span></span>
					</span>C.F.R. §<span><span></span>
					</span>1910.132(f)(1)(iv) for not training employees regarding<span>
					</span>fall protection<span>
					</span>personal protective equipment limitations. The Secretary proposes a penalty of $7,853<span><span></span>
					</span>for this item.</p>
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				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Item 2 alleges a serious violation of<span><span></span>
					</span>29 C.F.R. §<span>
					</span>1910.147(c)(4)(i)<span><span></span>
					</span>for not utilizing lockout/tagout procedures to control potentially hazardous energy when removing the motor for the East<span>
					</span>Blastec.<span><span></span>
					</span>The Secretary proposes a penalty of $9,523 for this item.</p>
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				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Item 3 alleges a serious violation of 29 C.F.R. §<span>
					</span>1910.178(p)(1)<span><span></span>
					</span>for not<span>
					</span>taking<span><span></span>
					</span>a forklift out of service until it<span><span></span>
					</span>repaired its malfunctioning<span>
					</span>horn and<span>
					</span>an oil<span>
					</span>leak. The Secretary proposes a penalty of $<span>
					</span>6,282<span>
					</span>for this item.</p>
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				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; ">
					<span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">JURISDICTION AND COVERAGE</span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>timely contested the Citation. Thereafter, this case was designated for Simplified Proceedings under Subpart M, § 2200.203(a), of the Commission Rules of Procedure.<span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><a name="ftnref1" href="#ftn1">1</a></span> The Court held a hearing in this matter on April 24, 2019, in Anniston, Alabama. Both parties filed post-hearing briefs on June 3, 2019. The parties<span>
					</span>stipulated jurisdiction of this action is conferred upon the Commission pursuant to<span>
					</span>§10(c) of the Act<span>
					</span>(Exh. J-1, ¶1). FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>also<span>
					</span>admits<span><span></span>
					</span>that at all times<span><span></span>
					</span>relevant to this action<span><span></span>
					</span>it was an employer engaged in a business affecting interstate commerce within the meaning of<span>
					</span>§<span>
					</span>3(5) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. § 652(5) (Tr.<span>
					</span>13-14;<span><span></span>
					</span>Exh. J-1, ¶2). <span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Based on the stipulations and the record evidence, the Court finds the Commission has jurisdiction over this proceeding under § 10(c) of the Act and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">FabArc</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">is a covered employer under § 3(5) of the Act.</span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">For the reasons that</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>follow, the Court<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">VACATES</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Item 1</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">AFFIRMS</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Item</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>2 and 3 of the Citation and</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>a</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">ssesses penalt</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">ies</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>in the</span><span><span></span>
					</span>amount<span>
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">of</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">$8,500 for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">I</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">tem 2 and $5,600 for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">I</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">tem 3</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">BACKGROUND</span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>engages<span><span></span>
					</span>in the business of manufacturing fabricated steel products<span><span></span>
					</span>for steel erection (Tr. 58). It employs an average of 300<span><span></span>
					</span>employees<span>
					</span>at its Oxford, Alabama,<span><span></span>
					</span>facility<span>
					</span>(Tr.<span><span></span>
					</span>58;<span>
					</span>Exh.<span>
					</span>J-1 ¶4). OSHA initiated an inspection of<span>
					</span>the<span><span></span>
					</span>facility following<span>
					</span>FabArc’s<span><span></span>
					</span>report to OSHA on October 4, 2018, of an accident at the facility resulting in an employee’s finger being amputated. The employee was in the process of loading<span>
					</span>onto a golf cart<span>
					</span>the motor of the<span>
					</span>Blastec<span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><a name="ftnref2" href="#ftn2">2</a></span><span><span></span>
					</span>machine at issue in this proceeding when<span>
					</span>the motor flipped<span>
					</span>while<span>
					</span>the employee’s hands were inside of the strap<span><span></span>
					</span>holding the machine<span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr.<span>
					</span>26,<span>
					</span>58-59). CSHO Bollinger<span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><a name="ftnref3" href="#ftn3">3</a></span><span><span></span>
					</span>initiated an inspection<span>
					</span>of the facility on October 11, 2018, by<span>
					</span>meeting with a representative of the company to explain why she was there. She<span>
					</span>conducted<span><span></span>
					</span>an opening conference, inspected<span><span></span>
					</span>the<span><span></span>
					</span>location of the accident,<span>
					</span>interviewed<span><span></span>
					</span>employees, inspected the fall protection equipment,<span>
					</span>and<span>
					</span>reviewed the lockout/tagout procedures and the forklift<span>
					</span>inspection records<span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr.<span>
					</span>45,<span>
					</span>59-60,<span><span></span>
					</span>75,<span>
					</span>80, 85;<span>
					</span>Exh. J-1 ¶6).<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>CSHO Bollinger found no violations relating to<span><span></span>
					</span>the accident. <span><span></span>
					</span>However,<span>
					</span>she<span>
					</span>found<span>
					</span>alleged<span>
					</span>violations of the fall protection,<span>
					</span>lockout/tagout,<span><span></span>
					</span>and powered industrial trucks<span><span></span>
					</span>standards.<span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><a name="ftnref4" href="#ftn4">4</a></span> Those alleged violations are<span>
					</span>at issue<span><span></span>
					</span>here. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The evidence regarding the<span>
					</span>violations found by CSHO Bollinger reveals that at 4 a.m. on the day of the accident,<span><span></span>
					</span>maintenance<span>
					</span>employee<span><span></span>
					</span>#1,<span><span></span>
					</span>who described himself as<span>
					</span>leadman,<span>
					</span>received a note left by<span><span></span>
					</span>the<span><span></span>
					</span>night shift that an electric motor in the baghouse<span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><a name="ftnref5" href="#ftn5">5</a></span><span><span></span>
					</span>was no longer working<span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr. 26-27, 28).<span><span></span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>Because the motor was not working it<span>
					</span>caused problems with the shop blaster. The motor<span>
					</span>was<span>
					</span>removed<span>
					</span>on the day of the accident<span>
					</span>and was<span>
					</span>subsequently<span>
					</span>replaced with a new<span>
					</span>one<span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr. 59-61;<span>
					</span>Exhs. J-2 - J-6). The<span>
					</span>malfunctioning<span>
					</span>motor was located at the top of the<span>
					</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
					</span>machine, at a height of approximately 18<span><span></span>
					</span>feet (Tr. 29, 62, 64;<span>
					</span>Exhs. J-2, J-4; J-6). In order to access the motor, employees used a manlift (Tr. 30, 31;<span>
					</span>Exhs. J-1 ¶15,<span>
					</span>J-7).<span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Removing the motor was<span>
					</span>maintenance employee #1’s first assignment for the day. He did not communicate this assignment to his supervisor before starting it because his supervisor does not arrive until 7<span><span></span>
					</span>a.m.<span>
					</span>(Tr. 28, 43). Maintenance employee #1<span><span></span>
					</span>testified maintenance get<span><span></span>
					</span>to the facility early to get the shop ready for the day shift (Tr. 28, 48). Therefore,<span>
					</span>he<span><span></span>
					</span>and another employee<span><span></span>
					</span>(maintenance employee #2)<span><span></span>
					</span>initiated the assignment by putting on their harnesses and taking the manlift to the top of the<span>
					</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
					</span>machine. Both employees were tied off<span>
					</span>to the<span><span></span>
					</span>basket of the<span>
					</span>manlift as they rode up (Tr.<span>
					</span>31, 35, 43;<span>
					</span>Exh. J-1 ¶12). Maintenance<span>
					</span>employee<span>
					</span>#2<span><span></span>
					</span>remained<span>
					</span>tied off<span>
					</span>in the manlift<span><span></span>
					</span>and was there as a “buddy”<span><span></span>
					</span>to observe in case anything went wrong (Tr.<span>
					</span>38, 44).<span>
					</span>Maintenance employee #1<span><span></span>
					</span>testified the manlift<span><span></span>
					</span>was<span>
					</span>situated<span>
					</span>to the left of the baghouse, without a gap between it and the baghouse<span>
					</span>and<span>
					</span>was<span>
					</span>not<span><span></span>
					</span>moved<span><span></span>
					</span>until he came off the top of the<span>
					</span>baghouse<span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><a name="ftnref6" href="#ftn6">6</a></span><span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr. 39, 40, 45).<span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Once on top of the baghouse,<span>
					</span>maintenance employee #1<span>
					</span>detached his fall protection from the manlift, exited and connected his<span>
					</span>lanyard<span>
					</span>to an<span><span></span>
					</span>eyebolt<span><span></span>
					</span>located<span>
					</span>on the top of the baghouse at foot<span><span></span>
					</span>level<span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr.<span>
					</span>33;<span>
					</span>Exhs. J-1 ¶13. J-12). His<span>
					</span>usual practice<span>
					</span>was<span>
					</span>to tie off to the eyebolt<span><span></span>
					</span>because there was no other place to tie off to (Tr. 35). Although<span>
					</span>maintenance employee #1<span><span></span>
					</span>had been on top of other baghouses in the facility to work on motors, this was the first time he<span>
					</span>had<span>
					</span>been on top of the instant<span>
					</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
					</span>machine in the seven years since it had been installed<span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><a name="ftnref7" href="#ftn7">7</a></span><span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr. 34, 51).<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>Maintenance employee #1 testified he had received fall protection training and had previously seen<span>
					</span>FabArc’s<span><span></span>
					</span>lockout/tagout procedures (Tr. 40, 49;<span>
					</span>Exh. J-16). </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">While on top<span><span></span>
					</span>of the baghouse,<span>
					</span>maintenance employee #1<span>
					</span>determined the motor had power, so<span>
					</span>he<span>
					</span>turned off<span>
					</span>the power at<span><span></span>
					</span>the<span>
					</span>isolation switch<span>
					</span>he<span>
					</span>located to the left of the blaster, which he testified killed all the power to the motor (Tr.<span>
					</span>28-29, 31, 41;<span>
					</span>Exh<span><span></span>
					</span>J-10). The circuit feeding the motor was rated<span>
					</span>at<span><span></span>
					</span>480<span><span></span>
					</span>volts (Tr. 36, 69). After disconnecting the power, he<span>
					</span>verified the circuit was no<span><span></span>
					</span>longer<span><span></span>
					</span>energized by using a voltmeter (Tr. 36, 47). According to<span>
					</span>maintenance employee #1<span><span></span>
					</span>the circuit could not be re-energized because he was the only one who could get to the isolation switch (Tr. 36, 46). <span><span></span>
					</span>He<span>
					</span>could not<span>
					</span>lock out the machine<span>
					</span>at the main<span>
					</span>disconnect<span><span></span>
					</span>because its locking mechanism was broken<span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr. 29,<span><span></span>
					</span>41). A replacement for the locking mechanism had been ordered but had not yet arrived (Tr. 42).<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>Once<span>
					</span>the power was<span>
					</span>turned off at<span>
					</span>the isolation switch, unhooked the wires, put straps around the motor<span>
					</span>and pulled<span>
					</span>it<span><span></span>
					</span>out of the top<span>
					</span>with an overhead<span>
					</span>crane<span>
					</span>(Tr. 29, 37,<span>
					</span>38-39). <span><span></span>
					</span>The crane took the motor to the center of the bay and then south to a golf cart<span>
					</span>where it was to be<span>
					</span>lowered (Tr. 39).  </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">CSHO Bollinger recommended the issuance of a citation for a violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1910.132(f)(1)(iv) because<span>
					</span>maintenance<span><span></span>
					</span>employee<span><span></span>
					</span>#1<span><span></span>
					</span>was<span>
					</span>exposed to<span>
					</span>a fall hazard greater than four foot<span><span></span>
					</span>and he<span><span></span>
					</span>and the safety director did not demonstrate an understanding<span>
					</span>of the fall protection limitations when they told her anchoring the lanyard at feet<span><span></span>
					</span>level<span><span></span>
					</span>was safe<span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr. 65, 83). FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>provided no fall protection training records during the inspection (Tr. 65).<span><span></span>
					</span>
				</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">CSHO Bollinger recommended the issuance of a citation for a violation of<span>
					</span>29 C.F.R.<span>
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">§<span>
						</span></span>1910.147(c)(4)(i)<span><span></span>
					</span>because,<span><span></span>
					</span>although<span>
					</span>FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>had lockout/tagout procedures, they were not followed on the day of the accident<span>
					</span>in that<span>
					</span>employees could not attach a lock to the disconnect which was broken (Tr. 68-69;<span>
					</span>Exhs. J-10, J-16). CSHO Bollinger further testified that no locks were on the isolation switch<span><span></span>
					</span>to ensure it was not<span>
					</span>reenergized. Since two employees were working on the assignment, two locks should have been placed on the isolation switch<span>
					</span>to prevent unexpected energization<span>
					</span>(Tr. 70-72;<span>
					</span>Exh. J-10).</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">CSHO Bollinger<span>
					</span>also<span>
					</span>recommended issuance of a citation for violation of 29 C.F.R.<span>
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">§<span>
						</span></span>1910.178(p)(1)<span><span></span>
					</span>based on her<span>
					</span>review of the inspection records for the forklift<span>
					</span>which<span>
					</span>revealed<span>
					</span>it had been used since February<span><span></span>
					</span>without a working horn,<span><span></span>
					</span>and had been used at times when it was leaking or having problems with the brakes (Tr. 75-76).<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>The forklift was equipped with a yellow strobe light which CSHO Bollinger testified was a warning device on forklifts equipped with them (Tr. 86-87;<span>
					</span>Exh. J-1 ¶7).<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Based on CSHO Bollinger’s inspection of<span>
					</span>the facility,<span>
					</span>OSHA issued the Citation<span>
					</span>at issue in this case to<span>
					</span>FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>on November 5, 2018.</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; "> STIPULATIONS</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:13.333px; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">The parties submitted<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">the following stipulations as<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">a joint exhibit:</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">1.</span>Jurisdiction of this action is conferred upon the Commission pursuant to Section 10 (c) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, 29 U.S.C. § 651<span>
				</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; ">et. seq.</span>, hereinafter the Act, 19 U.S.C. § 659(c).</p>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">2.</span>At all times relevant to this action, Respondent was an employer engaged in a business affecting commerce within the meaning of Section 3(5) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. § 651(5).</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">3.</span>On the date of the alleged violations, Respondent had a place of employment at 111 Meadow Lane, Oxford, Alabama (the worksite), where it engaged in the business of manufacturing fabricated steel products.</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">4.</span>Respondent employs an average of 300 employees at its Oxford, Alabama, facility.</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">5.</span>On October 4, 2018, an accident occurred at the worksite. On that date, Charity Parris, Respondent’s Enforcement, Health & Safety Director, reported the accident to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">6.</span>OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officer Lynn Bollinger, an authorized representative of Complainant, conducted an opening conference on October 11, 2018, and conducted the inspection of the worksite, Inspection No. 1352763. </p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">7.</span>As a result of the inspection, Complainant issued to Respondent a Citation and Notification of Penalty pursuant to Section 9(a) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. § 658(a).</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">8.</span>The Citation and Notification of Penalty identifies and describes the specific violations alleged, the corresponding abatement dates, and the penalties proposed.</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">9.</span>On or about November 15, 2018, by a document of the same date, Complainant received notification, pursuant to Section 10(c) of the Act, 29 U.S.C. § 659(c), of Respondent’s intention to contest the aforesaid Citation and Notification of Penalty.</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">10.</span>On October 4, 2018, in the facility’s East Shop Detail Bay, two maintenance employees,<span>
				</span>[maintenance employee #1]<span><span></span>
				</span>and<span>
				</span>[maintenance employee #2], were directed to troubleshoot the dust-collector vacuum system for a<span>
				</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
				</span>shot blasting machine.</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">11.</span>The employees used a boom lift to reach the top of the dust collector, where the<span>
				</span>motor controlling the vacuum system was located.</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">12.</span>Both employees used personal fall protection harnesses attached<span>
				</span>to the boom lift.</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">13.</span>Once at the top of the dust collector, in order to remove the motor<span>
				</span>[maintenance employee #1]<span>
				</span>exited the boom lift and stood on top of the dust collector, unclipping his harness from the boom lift and clipping it to a lifting eye on the corner of the dust collector at foot level. There was no other location to which he could<span>
				</span>attach, other than lifting eyes at foot level.</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">14.</span>At some point before October 4, 2018, the main disconnect handle for the<span>
				</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
				</span>machine broke and a lock could not be applied to it. </p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">15.</span>Before performing work to troubleshoot and remove the dust-collector vacuum system’s motor on October 4, the employees turned off a power isolating “light switch” that was located at least 20 feet above the floor, several feet from the motor, and accessible only to persons on top of the dust collector near the motor. No lock was used, contrary to Respondent’s machine-specific lockout procedures.</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">16.</span>Inspection records for the forklift truck used in the area of the dust collector documented that the forklift had been operated without a working horn for at least four<span>
				</span>months, and<span><span></span>
				</span>had been leaking fluid for two weeks.</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">17.</span>The forklift’s backup alarm was operational, as was a strobe light that activated when the machine was put into gear.<span>
				</span>
			</p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:11.5pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11.5pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11.5pt; ">Exh</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11.5pt; ">. J-1.)</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">THE CITATION</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">The Secretary 's Burden of Proof</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:8px; line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; ">To establish a violation, “the Secretary must show by a preponderance of the evidence that: (1) the cited standard applies; (2) there was a failure to comply with the cited standard; (3) employees had access to the violative condition; and (4) the cited employer either knew or could have known of the condition with the exercise of reasonable diligence.”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Astra Pharma. Prods</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; ">., No. 78-6247, 1981 WL 18810, at *4 (OSHRC July</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; ">30, 1981),<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d in relevant part</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; ">, 681 F.2d 169 (1st Cir. 1982).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">Item 1: Alleged Serious Violation of §<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">1910.132(f)(1)(iv)</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Alleged Violation Description</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:8px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Item 1 alleges:</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:8px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">On or about October 11, 2018- East Shop Detail Bay, employees were exposed to fall hazards when not being aware that anchoring a harness/lanyard to an eyebolt located at foot level would permit a free fall greater than six feet.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Section<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">1910.132(f)(1)(iv)</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:8px; margin-bottom:8px; text-align:justify; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Section<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">1910.132(f)(1)(iv)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>provides:</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="background-color:#FFFFFF; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Training.</span> (1) The employer shall provide training to each employee who is required by this section to use PPE. Each such employee shall be trained to know at least the following:</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="background-color:#FFFFFF; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">. . .</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="background-color:#FFFFFF; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:13.333px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">(iv) The limitations of the PPE[.]</p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:center; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:center; ">
				<span style="font-style:italic; padding-right:20px;">(1)</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; ">Applicability of the Cited Standard</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:center; margin-left:24px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:.635cm; ">Subpart I of the Occupational Safety and Health Standards in Part 1910 addresses personal protective equipment. On January 17, 2017, a new standard for fall protection in general industry became effective. That standard, found at 29 C.F.R. § 1910.140 sets forth the requirements for fall protection and provides, regarding the scope and application of the standard, “This section establishes performance, care, and use criteria for all personal fall<span>
					</span>protection systems. The employer must ensure that each personal fall protection system used to comply with this part must meet the requirements of this section.” 29 C.F.R. § 1910.140(a). The<span><span></span>
					</span>standard at<span>
					</span>§ 1910.140(d)(2)(ii)<span>
					</span>further sets forth requirements for rigging personal fall arrest systems as follows:</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">Personal fall arrest systems are rigged in such a manner that the employee cannot free fall more than 6 feet (1.8m) or contact a lower level. A free fall may be more than 6 feet (1.8 m) provided the employer can demonstrate the manufacturer designed the system to allow a free fall of more than 6 feet and tested the system to ensure a maximum arresting force of 1,800 pounds (8kN) is not exceeded.<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The Secretary did not cite the new fall protection standard for the alleged violations here where maintenance employee #1 secured his lanyard at foot level, exposing himself to a free fall of more than 6 feet. Instead, the Secretary alleges a violation of<a href="http://www.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000547&cite=29CFRS1910.132&originatingDoc=I95cda998e44611ddbc7bf97f340af743&refType=RB&originationContext=document&vr=3.0&rs=cblt1.0&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=(sc.Search)#co_pp_8b3b0000958a4"><span><span></span>
						</span>the standard found at §1910.132</a><span><span></span>
					</span>(specifically §1910.132(f)(1)(iv)) which, prior to the effective date of the new standard had long been considered broad enough<span>
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">to apply to fall hazards</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. Fa</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">ll protection such as a safety harness was considered a form of personal protective equipment. </span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Bethlehem Steel Corp</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">., 10 BNA OSHC 1470, 1472 (No. 79-310, 1982);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Hackney Inc.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 1806, 1807-08 (No. 91-2409, 1994);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Cleveland Electric Illuminating Co.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 2091, 2093 (No. 91-2198, 1994). </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">The necessity of fall protection pursuant to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">§</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>1910.132, however, is premised on a hazard assessment by the employer that fall protection is necessary, as set forth in §1910.132(d): </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:53.333px; margin-right:53.333px; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Hazard assessment and equipment selection.<span>
						</span></span>(1) The employer shall assess the workplace to determine if hazards are<span>
					</span>present, or<span><span></span>
					</span>are likely to be present which necessitate the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). If such hazards are present, or likely to be present, the employer shall:</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:53.333px; margin-right:53.333px; ">(i) Select, and have each affected employee use, the types of PPE that will protect the affected employee from the hazards identified in the hazard assessment;</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:53.333px; margin-right:53.333px; ">(ii) Communicate selection decisions to each affected employee; and<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:53.333px; margin-right:53.333px; ">(iii) Select PPE that properly fits each affected employee</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:53.333px; margin-right:53.333px; ">. . .</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">For the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">alleged violative<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">conditions</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at issue</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, the standard found at<span>
						</span></span>§ 1910.140(d)(2)(ii)<span>
					</span>is the more specific standard. The Secretary did not move to amend the Citation to allege this new fall protection standard. As the cited standard is more general and is premised on completion of a hazard assessment, it is not applicable to the alleged violative conditions.<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Item 1, alleging a violation of<span>
					</span>§ 1910.132(f)(1)(iv)<span><span></span>
					</span>is vacated.<span><span></span>
					</span>
				</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">Item<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">2</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">: Alleged Serious Violation of §<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">1910.</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">147</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">(</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">c</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">)</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">(4)</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">(</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">i</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">)</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Alleged Violation Description</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:8px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Item<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">2</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>alleges:</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:8px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">On or about October 11, 2018- East Shop Detail Bay, the lockout/tagout procedure for the East<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Blastec</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was not used when removing the non-functioning motor from the top of the equipment.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Section<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">1910.1</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">47</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">(</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">c</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">)(</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">4</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">)(</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">i</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">)</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:8px; margin-bottom:8px; text-align:justify; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Section<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">1910.1</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">47</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">c</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">4</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">i</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>provides:</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="background-color:#FFFFFF; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Energy control procedure. </span>(i)<span>
					</span>Procedures shall be developed, documented and utilized for the control of potentially hazardous energy when employees are engaged in the activities covered by this section.<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="background-color:#FFFFFF; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">NOTE: Exception: The<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">e</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">mployer need not document the required procedure for a particular machine or equipment, when all of the following elements exi</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">sts</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">: (1) The machine or equipment has no potential for stored or residual energy or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">reaccu</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">mu</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">lation</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of stored energy after shut down which could endanger employees; (2) the machine or equipment has a single energy source which can be readily identified and isolated; (3) the isolation and locking out of that energy source will completely deenergize and deactivate the machine or eq</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">u</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">ipment; (4) the machine or equipment is isolated from that energy source and locked out during serv</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">ic</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">ing or maintenance; (5) a single loc</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">k</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">out device will achieve a locked-out condition; (6)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">the lockout device is under the exclusive<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">control of the authorize</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">d</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>employee performing the servi</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">c</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">ing or maintenance; (7) the servicing or maintenance does not creat</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">e</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>hazards for other employees; and (8) the employer, in utilizing this exception, has had no accidents involving the unexpected activ</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">ati</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">on or re</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">e</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">nergi</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">z</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">ation of the machine or equipment during servi</span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">cing<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:10pt; ">or maintenance.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="background-color:#FFFFFF; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">(1)</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Applicability of the Cited Standard</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Section 1910.147(a)(i) of the LOTO standard provides<span>
					</span>the “standard covers the servicing and maintenance of machines and equipment in which the<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">unexpected<span>
						</span></span>energization or<span>
					</span>start<span><span></span>
					</span>up<span><span></span>
					</span>of the machines or equipment, or release of stored energy could cause injury to<span>
					</span>employees.” </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The<span>
					</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
					</span>machine housing the motor was energized with 480 volts of electricity. Its energy source could be controlled at the<span><span></span>
					</span>main disconnect and at the isolation switch. On the day of the accident, the<span>
					</span>two<span>
					</span>maintenance employees were tasked with<span>
					</span>removing the motor which was not functioning. To do so they were required to de-energize the<span>
					</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
					</span>machine. To prevent the unexpected energization or<span>
					</span>start up<span><span></span>
					</span>of the<span>
					</span>Blastec, the employees were to tag out the machine consistent with<span>
					</span>FabArc’s<span><span></span>
					</span>lockout/tagout procedures for the control of hazardous energy when employees serviced the<span>
					</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
					</span>(Exh. J-16). On the day of the accident<span>
					</span>the<span>
					</span>two maintenance employees were on the top of the<span>
					</span>Blastec,<span><span></span>
					</span>each had access to the isolation switch which was not locked and tagged out while maintenance employee #1 disconnected the wiring to the motor. Although it did not happen, employee #2 could have turned on the isolation<span>
					</span>switch thereby re-energizing the<span>
					</span>Blastec. The main disconnect, which also was not locked and tagged out, but was placed in the off position, could have been turned to the on position. Unexpected energization or<span>
					</span>start up<span><span></span>
					</span>of the machine could have occurred with devasting consequences while maintenance employee #1 was in the process of removing the wiring connecting the motor to the<span>
					</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
					</span>because the energy source was not locked and tagged out as required by the standard. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>asserts<span><span></span>
					</span>the procedures set forth in Exhibit J-16 are not for the<span>
					</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
					</span>machine at issue in this matter.<span><span></span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>The Court<span>
					</span>is not persuaded by and<span>
					</span>places no weight on<span>
					</span>this<span>
					</span>argument.<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>No evidence or testimony at the hearing was elicited to support this<span>
					</span>claim. <span><span></span>
					</span>Likewise,<span><span></span>
					</span>despite<span>
					</span>FabArc’s<span><span></span>
					</span>claim the<span>
					</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
					</span>had a single energy source, it<span>
					</span>did not establish any of the other requirements necessary to<span>
					</span>establish<span>
					</span>the exception to the standard. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Applicability of §<span>
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">1910.1</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">47</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">c</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">4</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">i</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is established.</span><span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">(2) Compliance with the Terms of the Cited Standard</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>had in place lockout/tagout procedures for the control of hazardous energy for the<span>
					</span>Blastec,<span>
					</span>but it<span>
					</span>failed to<span>
					</span>utilize<span><span></span>
					</span>those procedures<span>
					</span>when<span>
					</span>the<span>
					</span>employees<span>
					</span>were<span>
					</span>engaged in the servicing and maintenance<span>
					</span>of the machine. The main disconnect was not locked and tagged out because the device for securing the locks was broken<span>
					</span>(Tr.<span>
					</span>41). Instead,<span><span></span>
					</span>the employees<span>
					</span>placed the main disconnect in the off position and<span>
					</span>disconnected the power at the isolation switch,<span>
					</span>without attaching<span>
					</span>lock out devices<span>
					</span>to<span>
					</span>either<span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr.<span><span></span>
					</span>46,<span><span></span>
					</span>71-72;<span>
					</span>Exh. J-22). CSHO Bollinger testified that because two employees could access the isolation switch,<span><span></span>
					</span>two lockout devices should have placed on the isolation<span>
					</span>switch (Tr.<span><span></span>
					</span>71-72). As the energy source to the<span>
					</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
					</span>machine was not locked and tagged out, violation of the terms of §<span>
					</span>1910.147(c)(4)(i)<span><span></span>
					</span>is established. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">(3) Access to the Violative Condition</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Maintenance employees #1 and #2 worked<span>
					</span>at the top of the<span>
					</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
					</span>machine engaged in the process of the removing the motor from the machine. The two employees accessed the top of the machine by a manlift. Maintenance employee #1 exited the manlift, disconnected the power to the machine from the isolation switch before<span><span></span>
					</span>removing<span>
					</span>wiring connecting the motor to the machine, and placed straps on the motor so it could be removed from the machine with an overhead crane (Tr.<span><span></span>
					</span>39). Employee #2 observed from the manlift. No lockout/tagout procedures were utilized. Both employees had access to unexpected energization of the machine. The<span>
					</span>Secretary has established access to the violative conditions.<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">(4) Knowledge of the Violative Conditions</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">To prove knowledge, the Secretary can show that a supervisor had either actual or constructive knowledge of the violation and such knowledge is generally imputed to the employer. An employee who has been delegated authority over another employee, even if only temporarily,<span>
					</span>is considered to be<span><span></span>
					</span>a supervisor for purposes of imputing knowledge to an employer. <span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">American Engineering & Development Corp</span>., 23 BNA OSHC 2093, 2012 (No. 10-0359, 2012);<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Diamond Installations, Inc</span>., 21 BNA OSHC 1688 (Nos. 02-2080 & 02-2081, 2006);<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Tampa Shipyards, Inc.</span>, 15 BNA OSHC 1533 (Nos. 86-360 and 86-469, 1992). The employee's job function rather than title is determinative. Therefore, the Commission has imputed the knowledge of a “working leader,” because although not a full-time supervisor he was a supervisor at the time of the alleged violation. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>contends the Secretary cannot establish its management knew the maintenance employees were in the process of removing the malfunctioning motor from the<span>
					</span>Blastec<span><span></span>
					</span>since the<span>
					</span>maintenance supervisor was not onsite at the time of the alleged violation. The Court disagrees.<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>Maintenance employee #1 testified he was the leadman when his supervisor was not present (Tr. 28). As such, he had authority over the employee in the manlift and therefor is a supervisor for purposes of imputing knowledge to<span>
					</span>FabArc.</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Where the Secretary shows that a supervisor had either actual or constructive knowledge of the violation, such<span>
					</span>knowledge<span>
					</span>is generally imputed to the employer.”<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Co</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">m</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Tran</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Crp</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">., Inc. v. U. S. Dep’t of Labor</span>, 722 F.3d 1304, 1307-08 (11<span style="position:relative;font-size:0.58em; bottom: 1ex;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">th</span><span><span></span>
					</span>Cir. 2013). A supervisor’s knowledge of a subordinate employee’s violative conduct may be imputed<span>
					</span>to the employer even when the supervisor himself is simultaneously involved in the same violative conduct. <span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Quinlan v. U. S. Dept. of Labor</span>, 812<span><span></span>
					</span>F.3d<span><span></span>
					</span>832 (11<span style="position:relative;font-size:0.58em; bottom: 1ex;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">th</span><span><span></span>
					</span>Cir. 2016). Knowledge<span><span></span>
					</span>is imputed through<span>
					</span>leadman maintenance employee #1<span><span></span>
					</span>who testified the place for securing locks on the main disconnect was broken. Although he disconnected the power at the isolation switch, he did not place a lock on the device. He also was aware employee #2 was in proximity of the isolation switch<span>
					</span>and also<span><span></span>
					</span>had not placed a lock on it.<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The evidence also establishes knowledge through<span>
					</span>FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>designated management. The Safety Director advised CSHO Bollinger that the maintenance office knew of the broken handle<span>
					</span>on the main disconnect and had ordered a replacement part for it. Nonetheless,<span><span></span>
					</span>employees worked<span><span></span>
					</span>on equipment without applying locks (Exh. J-23).<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span><span></span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>Knowledge of the violative condition is established. The Secretary has proven all<span>
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">elements of his prima facie case. </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">Item<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">3</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">: Alleged Serious Violation of §<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">1910.1</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">78</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">(</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">p</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">)(1)</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Alleged Violation Description</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:8px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Item<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">3</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>alleges:</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:8px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">On or about October 11, 2018- East Shop Detail Bay,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">the forklift had been operated since February without a working horn and had been operated for two weeks with a leak that had not been evaluated.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Section<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">1910.1</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">78</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">(</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">p</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">)(1)</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:8px; margin-bottom:8px; text-align:justify; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Section<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">1910.1</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">78</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">p</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)(1)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>provides:</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="background-color:#FFFFFF; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Operation of the truck</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">.</span> (1)<span>
					</span>If at any time a powered industrial truck is found to<span>
					</span>be in need of<span><span></span>
					</span>repair, defective, or in any way unsafe, the truck shall be taken out of service until it has been restored to safe operating condition.</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="background-color:#FFFFFF; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">(</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">1</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">)</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Applicability of the Cited Standard</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; margin-right:48px; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Section 1910.178(a)(1), addressing the applicability of powered industrial trucks, provides:<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">This section contains safety requirements relating to fire protection, design, maintenance, and use of<span>
					</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">fork trucks,</span><span><span></span>
					</span>tractors, platform lift trucks, motorized hand trucks, and other specialized industrial trucks powered by internal combustion engines[.]<span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-right:48px; ">(emphasis added)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:8px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Forklifts were used in<span>
					</span>FabArc’s<span><span></span>
					</span>facility. <span><span></span>
					</span>CSHO Bollinger, pursuant to the Reginal Emphasis Program for powered industrial trucks which included forklifts,<span><span></span>
					</span>expanded her inspection to include a forklift that operated in the vicinity of the accident<span>
					</span>(Tr.<span><span></span>
					</span>74-75;<span><span></span>
					</span>Exh. J-18).<span><span></span>
					</span>The Secretary has established<span><span></span>
					</span>applicability of<span>
					</span>§<span>
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">1910.1</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">78</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">p</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)(1</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)</span>.</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">(2) Compliance with the Terms of the Cited Standard</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Inspection records of the forklift show that its horn was not operational<span><span></span>
					</span>and had not<span>
					</span>been functional<span>
					</span>since February 2018. The forklift<span>
					</span>also<span>
					</span>had<span>
					</span>leaks<span>
					</span>which were not repaired until August 2018. The forklift was operated during the time period it had these defects and was not<span><span></span>
					</span>taken out<span>
					</span>of service<span>
					</span>(Tr.<span><span></span>
					</span>75;<span><span></span>
					</span>Exhs.<span>
					</span>J-17,<span>
					</span>J-23). FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>does not dispute these<span>
					</span>conditions of the forklift.<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>Maintenance supervisor<span>
					</span>Saccal<span><span></span>
					</span>advised CSHO Bollinger sometimes the forklift leaked because it was overfilled. Communication from<span>
					</span>FabArc’s<span><span></span>
					</span>safety director revealed the current leak was due to an issue with the side shifter, which though disabled, still caused problems<span><span></span>
					</span>(Exh. J-23). Parts for the horn had been ordered and the leak issues were resolved (Exh. J-23). Although<span>
					</span>FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>argues<span>
					</span>a horn was not necessary because the forklift had a yellow strobe light<span>
					</span>for<span><span></span>
					</span>a warning device, the safety director had informed the automotive mechanic that a horn was critical<span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr.<span>
					</span>106;<span>
					</span>Exh. J-23;<span>
					</span>FabArc<span><span></span>
					</span>brief,<span>
					</span>p.<span><span></span>
					</span>10). </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Violation of the terms of §<span>
					</span>1910.178(p)(1)<span><span></span>
					</span>is established. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">(3) Access to the Violative Condition</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The evidence adduced at the hearing establishes<span>
					</span>the forklift<span>
					</span>had<span>
					</span>operated<span>
					</span>since February 2018 without a working horn and had operated with a leak until August 2018<span>
					</span>in the vicinity where employees worked. OSHA’s violation worksheet shows three maintenance employees were exposed (Exhs.<span>
					</span>J-17,<span>
					</span>J-23). The<span>
					</span>Secretary has established access to the violative conditions.<span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">(</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">4</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">) Knowledge of the Violative Conditions</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">FabArc’s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>maintenance supervisor<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Saccal</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>completed the daily i</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">nspection</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>re</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">ports for the forklift</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Exhs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. J-17; J-23)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Knowledge of the violation is established.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span>The Secretary has proven all<span>
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">elements of his prima facie case. </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">Characterization of the Violation</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">s</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>The Secretary characterized the violation</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">the standards found at §</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">§</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>1910.147(c)(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">4</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">i</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and 1910.178(p)(1)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">as serious. A serious violation is established when there is “a substantial probability that death or serious physical harm could result [from a violative condition] . . . unless the employer did not, and could not with the exercise of reasonable diligence, know of the presence of the violation.” 29 U.S.C. § 666(k).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">By not locking and tagging out the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Blastec</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>machine before working on it as required by § 1910.147(c)(4)(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">i</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">), maintenance employee #1 was exposed to the unexpected energization of the machine which was powered by 480 volts of electricity and as a result could sustain an electric shock or be electrocuted.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Not taking out of service a forklift which<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">wa</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">s not in safe operating condition as required<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">by §1910.178(p)(1) can result in serious injury or death to employees.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Here,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">the</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">forklift without an operating horn could result in serious injur</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">i</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">es or death to employees in the vicinity of the moving forklift</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. Leaks from the forklift also p</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">resented</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>slip and fall hazards to employees</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>creat</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">ing</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>a substantial possibility of death or serious physical harm. </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">The Secretary properly characterized the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">cited<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">violation</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as serious.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">PENALTY DETERMINATION</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>“In assessing penalties, section 17(j) of the Act requires the Commission to give due consideration to the gravity of the violation and the employer's size, history of violation, and good faith. </span><a href="https://1.next.westlaw.com/Link/Document/FullText?findType=L&pubNum=1000546&cite=29USCAS666&originatingDoc=Iec8e1f76fa3811d9bf60c1d57ebc853e&refType=RB&originationContext=document&transitionType=DocumentItem&contextData=(sc.DocLink)#co_pp_267600008f864"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">29 U.S.C. § 666(j)</span></a><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. Gravity is a principal factor in the penalty determination and is based on the number of employees exposed, duration of exposure, likelihood of injury, and precautions taken against injury.”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">., No. 00-1052, 2005 WL 696568, at *3 (OSHRC February 25, 2005) (citation omitted). "Gravity, unlike good faith, compliance history and size, is relevant only to the violation being considered in a case and therefore is usually of greater significance. The other factors are concerned with the employer generally and are considered as modifying factors.''<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Natkin</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>& Co. Mech. Contractors</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, No. 401, 1973 WL 4007, at *9, n. 3 (OSHRC April 27, 1973).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">FabArc</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>employs approximately 300</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>employees</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">at its Oxford, Alabama facility<span>
						</span></span>(Tr.<span><span></span>
					</span>58;<span>
					</span>Exh. J-1 ¶4).<span>
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>It<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">had been inspected<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">three times<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">by OSHA in the five years prior to the inspection (Tr. 78</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>O</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">SHA<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">did not apply any reductions for size or history. However, it<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">applied a 15% good faith reduction to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">each</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>gravity</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">-</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">based penalt</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">y</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">The Court credits<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">FabArc</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">with<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">an additional<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">good faith</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>reduction</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>based on</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">its immediate correction of the violative conditions and its<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">cooperation</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>with OSHA during<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">the inspection</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">OSHA rated the g</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">ravity<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">of the violations in Items 2 and 3 a</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">s moderate. </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">CSHO Bollinger testified the gravity of the violation cited in<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Item 2 was rated</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>moderate because employees could receive an electr</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">i</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">c shock if the 480</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">volt circuit was reenergized</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">such an injury could result in death (Tr. 72-73)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.</span><span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><a name="ftnref8" href="#ftn8">8</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">She based the moderate gravity rating for Item 3 on concluding that a violation would be of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">medium severity</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>since<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">any injury could result in hospitalization</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">by concluding the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">probability of an injury occurring</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was lesser</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>because only a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">few<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">employees<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">were </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">present</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>in the vicinity of the forklift when it was operated (Tr. 78;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Exh</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. J-23). </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Upon consideration of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">the gravity of the violations,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">FabArc’s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>size, history and good faith</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, the Court as</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">e</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">es</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>a penalty in the amount of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">$8,500 for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">ITEM</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>2; and $5,600 for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">ITEM<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">3.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:center; "><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; "></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; "></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; "></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The foregoing decision constitutes the findings of fact and conclusions of law in accordance with Rule 52(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.<span><span></span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:center; "><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">ORDER</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:8px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; ">Based upon the foregoing decision, it is ORDERED that:</p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">1.</span>Item 1 of the Citation, alleging a serious violation of § 1910.132(f)(1)(iv), is<span><span></span>
				</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-weight:bold; ">VACATED</span><span><span></span>
				</span>and<span>
				</span>no<span>
				</span>penalty is assessed.</p>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">2.</span>Item 2 of the Citation, alleging a serious violation of § 1910.147(c)(4)(i), is<span>
				</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-weight:bold; ">AFFIRMED</span><span><span></span>
				</span>and a penalty in the amount of $8,500<span><span></span>
				</span>is assessed.</p>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">3.</span>Item<span>
				</span>3<span><span></span>
				</span>of the Citation, alleging a serious violation of § 1910.178(p)(1), is<span>
				</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-weight:bold; ">AFFIRMED</span><span><span></span>
				</span>and<span>
				</span>a<span><span></span>
				</span>penalty<span>
				</span>in the amount of $5,600<span><span></span>
				</span>is assessed.</p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1.5; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "> </p>
			</div>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:1px; line-height:1.5; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">SO</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; "><span><span></span>
						</span>ORDERED.</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:1px; line-height:1.5; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; text-decoration:underline ;">/s/</span><span style="text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; text-decoration:underline ;"><span><span></span>
						</span>Sharon D. Calhoun</span><span style="text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; text-decoration:underline ;"><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; text-decoration:underline ;"><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; text-decoration:underline ;"><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; text-decoration:underline ;"><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span></p>
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				<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-size:11pt; font-weight:bold; ">Dated: August 20, 2019</span><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Administrative Law Judge</p>
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					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Atlanta, Georgia</p>
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					<a name="ftn-1" href="#ftnref-1"></a> </p>
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					<a name="ftn0" href="#ftnref0"></a> </p>
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					<a name="ftn1" href="#ftnref1"><span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:10pt; ">1 </span></a><span><span></span>
					</span>During the pendency of this action, the revised Commission’s Rules of Procedure became effective on June 10, 2019.</p>
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					<a name="ftn2" href="#ftnref2"><span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:10pt; ">2 </span></a><span><span></span>
					</span>During the hearing, the terms “baghouse” and “dust collector” were used interchangeably to refer to the Blastec machine.<span>
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					<a name="ftn3" href="#ftnref3"><span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:10pt; ">3 </span></a><span><span></span>
					</span>CSHO Bollinger graduated from Georgia Tech with a<span>
					</span>bachelor’s<span><span></span>
					</span>degree in Industrial Engineering. She worked 2 1⁄2 years with Union Carbide as an Associate Industrial Engineer, and for 17 years as an Associate Engineer, eventually becoming a Senior Engineer. After Union Carbide, CSHO Bollinger was employed as a Manufacturing Safety Engineer with Communications Technology Corporation for 1 1⁄2 to 2 years when she left to work for OSHA. CSHO Bollinger will have been employed with OSHA<span>
					</span>as a Safety Engineer<span>
					</span>for 10 years at the end of 2019. She is responsible for inspecting worksites and preparing reports<span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr. 55-57). </p>
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					<a name="ftn4" href="#ftnref4"><span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:10pt; ">4 </span></a><span><span></span>
					</span>OSHA’s Regional Emphasis Program requiring forklifts in the facility to be included in an inspection was the basis for expanding the inspection to include the forklift at issue (Tr. 74-75; Exh. J-18).</p>
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					<a name="ftn5" href="#ftnref5"><span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:10pt; ">5 </span></a><span><span></span>
					</span>Maintenance employee #1 described the baghouse as “a blaster, steel shop blaster. Steel runs through it and it gets all of the scale off of it, but the baghouse is a dust collector. It’s got filters in it with a electric motor, fan on top, it pulls the dust out of the machine into the filters, substance caught in barrels.” (Tr. 27) The baghouse is attached to the blaster by a big pipe, but stands 3 to 8 feet away from the blaster (Tr. 27).<span>
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					<a name="ftn6" href="#ftnref6"><span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:10pt; ">6 </span></a><span><span></span>
					</span>Maintenance employee #1 testified he did not leave the top of the baghouse until after the employee whose finger was caught in the strap and amputated had left the facility (Tr. 45).</p>
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					<a name="ftn7" href="#ftnref7"><span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:10pt; ">7 </span></a><span><span></span>
					</span>This machine is one of<span>
					</span>two baghouses in the East Shop. The facility also has one baghouse<span>
					</span>inside the West Shop and three on the outside of the West Shop (Tr. 33, 34).</p>
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					<a name="ftn8" href="#ftnref8"><span class="style_DefaultParagraphFont style_DefaultParagraphFont style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:10pt; ">8 </span></a><span><span></span>
					</span>CSHO Bollinger testified that she had cut and pasted some information in the Violation Worksheet. The information for the probability justification should have reflected electrical hazard (Tr. 73).<span><span></span>
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