1 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Distribution Transformer MV Subcommittee Negotiation Meeting #2 Wednesday, 12 October 20112 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Agenda



### • Requested Data

• Requested Changes to Analysis

• Open Questions

• Next Steps3 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Agenda



### • Requested Data

• Requested Changes to Analysis

• Open Questions

• Next Steps4 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov • Core Weight vs. Efficiency

• Total Weight vs. Efficiency

• Bidirectional Exchange of Engineering Data

• Steel Price Sensitivity Tool

• Simplified Cost / Efficiency Charts 

### Requested Data5 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Agenda



### • Requested Data

• Requested Changes to Analysis

• Open Questions

• Next Steps6 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov • TSL Corresponding to Competitive Steels

• Materials Price Updates / Scenarios

• Scaling

– End

- of

- Range

– Phase Harmonization

• Liquid

- Immersed Standards by BIL

• Standard for Pad

- mounts, Pole

- mounts, Network/Vault, and Substation

• Size and Weight Constraints 

### Requested Changes to Analysis7 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 1. Achieve comfort with existing representative units.

2. Extrapolate the efficiency levels of representative units to higher and lower kVAs

. 3. New Equipment Classes

– BIL, Substation, Network, Pad, Pole 1. Differential Consumer Utility 2. Differential Ability to Meet an Efficiency 

### Analysis Priorities8 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov • Proposal to use template created for bidirectional data exchange

• Controlled comparison address engineering data

– Selling Price by Efficiency less useful

– Materials Prices held constant or close 

### Existing Representative Units9 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov • Historically, losses scaled using the “.75 rule”, where the ratio of the losses of two transformers is set equal to the ratio of their kVA ratings raised to the .75 power

• Several manufacturers have given feedback that this is a good practice, but that the proper exponent can deviate from .75 depending on transformer type

• Concern that accuracy can decline near extremes of kVA range 

### Scaling10 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### • Proposal

– Conduct limited analysis at extremes of kVA range to determine appropriate scaling exponent



### • Benefits

– Allows slope to assume a value other than .75

– Allows ends of scaling range to be treated accurately

– Allows extension of results for one type of transformer to a different, but similar type (e.g., medium BIL case to high and low cases) 

### Scaling11 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov • DOE understands that BIL strongly affects efficiency in medium

- voltage dry

- type transformers and created high, medium, and low BIL standards in the 2007 rulemaking.

• BIL less of a factor in liquid

- immersed units, but perhaps still significant if standards rise further.

– Feedback that current representative units produce too low a standard at lower BILs and too stringent a standard at high BILs.

• Proposal

– Scale BIL standards from reference BIL 

### Potential New Equipment Classes12 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov • Several have commented that certain types of liquid

immersed transformers could have different utilities and abilities to meet certain efficiencies

– Pad

- mounted, pole

- mounted, substation, network/vault

• Interested in hearing more about the reasons for doing that and how it might be executed

• Sensible to hold equivalent different types of transformers with identical As and Bs? 

### Potential New Equipment Classes13 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling14 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling15 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling16 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling17 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling

• Committee needs to determine if that methodology is sensible and applicable

– Useful for liquid

- immersed BIL scaling?

– Useful for creating other new liquid

- immersed equipment classes?

• DOE would require corroborating engineering data on transformers designed to certain As and Bs to find appropriate logarithmic offset

• Equipment classes need rigorous definitions. What makes a pad? Pole? Substation?18 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov • At the first meeting (15

- 16 September), negotiators discussed a standard that allowed grain

- oriented and amorphous transformers to compete.

• Met with AK, Allegheny, Metglas for input

• Agreed on selling price as a metric for equivalence

• Concern over accurate relative materials pricing

• Operating Hypothesis: if two similar transformers vary significantly in price, one does not get purchased 

### Steel Competitiveness19 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Steel Competitiveness

– DL520 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Steel Competitiveness

– DL521 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Steel Competitiveness

– DL522 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Steel Competitiveness

– DL5



### M323 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Steel Competitiveness

– DL5



### M3 ZDMH24 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Steel Competitiveness

– DL5



### M3 ZDMH SA125 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Steel Competitiveness

– DL5



### M3 ZDMH SA126 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Steel Competitiveness

– DL5



### M3 ZDMH SA127 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Steel Competitiveness

– DL5



### M3 ZDMH SA128 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Steel Competitiveness

– DL5



### M3 ZDMH SA129 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov • Sensitive to material prices

• Weight had been proposed as a metric for competitiveness to reduce price sensitivity

• Weight does not drive purchasing decisions, within a range

• Weight requires an implicit assumption about relative pricing, does not address problem

• Plan: seek input from committee on materials prices, along with best guess high and low cases for the foreseeable future 

### Steel Competitiveness Conclusions30 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Agenda



### • Requested Data

• Requested Changes to Analysis

• Open Questions

• Next Steps31 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov • CSL and EL Selection

• Compliance of Actively Cooled Transformers

• Compliance of Transformers with Multiple BIL Ratings

• Compliance of Transformers with Multiple Primary and Secondary Windings 

### Open Questions32 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Agenda



### • Requested Data

• Requested Changes to Analysis

• Open Questions

• Next Steps33 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Next Steps



### • DOE

– make the proposed changes?



### • Negotiators

– provide feedback on those changes?



### • Others?35 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Backup Slides



### Backup Slides36 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling

- Backup

(1) y = ax^k is equal to (2) ln (y) = ln (a)+k* ln (x)
Let ln (y) = y’, ln (x) = x’, ln (a) = a’ (3) y’ = kx+a ’ which is (4) y = mx+b where slope m is exponent k and offset b is log of coefficient a37 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling

- Backup38 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling

- Backup

.75 slope39 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling

- Backup40 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling

- Backup41 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling

- Backup42 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling

- Backup43 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling

- Backup44 | Building Technologies Program eere.energy.gov 

### Scaling

- Backup