Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

AGENCY,

[OPTS-41035; FRL 3937-41

Twenty-Eighth Report of the

Interagency Testing Committee to the

Administrator; Receipt of Report and

Request for Comments Regarding

Priority List of Chemicals

AGENCY: Environmental Protection

Agency (EPA).

ACTION: Notice.

SUMMARY: The Interagency Testing

Committee (ITC), established under

section 4(e) of the Toxic Substances

Control Act (TSCA), transmitted its

Twenty-Eighth Report to the

Administrator of EPA on May 31, 1991.

As noted in this Report, which is

included with this notice, the Committee

revised the Priority Testing List by

designating 6 chemicals and

recommending 3 chemicals and 11

chemical groups. The six designated

chemicals are: acetone, n-butanol,

dimethyl terephthalate, di-(2-ethylhexyl)

adipate, isobutyl alcohol, and

thiophenol. There are no recommended

with intent-to-designate chemicals. The

three recommended chemicals are: allyl

alcohol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and mdinitro-benzene. The 11 recommended

chemical groups are: aldehyde hydrates,

alkoxysilanes, alkynes, cyanoacrylates,

hydrazines, isothiocyanates, methyl

ethylene glycol ethers, nitroalcohols,

oxiranes, propylene glycol ethers and

esters, and phosphoniums.

The ITC has not removed any

chemicals from the Priority List as a

result of EPA actions.

EPA invites interested persons to

submit written comments on the Report.

EPA is not holding a Focus Meeting for

these chemicals and will proceed

immediately to rulemaking. EPA is

taking this action because the

designated chemicals have a statutory

deadline and require a response by EPA

within 1 year.

DATES: Written comments should be

submitted by September 18, 1991.

ADDRESSES: Send written submissions

to: TSCA Public Docket Office (TS-793),

Office of Toxic Substances,

Environmental Protection Agency, Rm.

NE- G004, 401 M St., SW., Washington,

DC 20460. All submissions should bear

the document control number (OPTS41035).

The public record supporting this

action, including comments, is available

for public inspection in Rm. NE-G004 at

the address noted above from 8 a.m. to

noon and 1 p.m. to 4 p.m., Monday

through Friday, except legal holidays.

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT:

David Kling, Acting Director,

Environmental Assistance Division (TS799), Office of Toxic Substances,

Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M

St., SW., Rm. E-543B, Washington, DC

20460, (202) 554-1404, TDD (202) 554-

0551.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: EPA has

received the TSCA Interagency Testing

Committee's Report to the

Administrator.

I. Background

TSCA (Pub. L. 94-469, 90 Stat. 2003 et

seq; 15 U.S.C. 2601 et seq.) authorizes the

Administrator of EPA to promulgate

regulations under section 4(a) requiring

testing of chemicals and groups in order

to develop data relevant to determining

the risks that such chemicals and groups

may present to health or the

environment. Section 4(e) of TSCA

established the Interagency Testing

Committee to recommend chemicals and

groups to the Administrator of EPA for

priority testing consideration. Section

4(e) directs the ITC to revise the TSCA

section 4(e) Priority Testing List at least

every 6 months. The ITC's most recent

revisions to this List are included in the

Committee's Twenty-Eighth Report. The

Report was received by the

Administrator on May 31, 1991, and is

included in this Notice. The Report adds

9 chemicals and 11 groups of chemicals

to the TSCA section 4(e) Priority Testing

List.

II. Written and Oral Comments and

Public Meetings

EPA invites interested persons to

submit detailed comments on the ITC's

new recommendations. The Agency is

interested in receiving information

concerning additional or ongoing health

and safety studies on the subject

chemicals as well as information

relating to the human and environmental

exposure to these chemicals.

A notice will be published at a later

date in the Federal Register adding most

of the substances recommended in the

ITC's Twenty-Seventh and TwentyEighth Report to the TSCA section 8(d)

Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule

(40 CFR part 716), which requires the

reporting of unpublished health and

safety studies on the listed chemicals.

The delay in publishing this notice is

necessary because of the requirement to

complete the economic analysis on a

large number of chemicals. That notice

will also add most of the chemicals to

the TSCA section 8(a) Preliminary

Assessment Information Rule (40 CFR

part 712). The section 8(a) rule requires

the reporting of production volume,

exposure, and release information on,

the listed chemicals.

III. Status of List

The ITC's Twenty-Eighth Report notes

the addition of chemicals and chemical

groups to the Priority Testing List. The

current List contains 6 designated

chemicals, 3 recommended chemicals,

and 11 recommended chemical groups.

Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2603.

Dated: July 24,1991.

Charles M. Auer,

Director, Existing Chemical Assessment

Division, Office of Toxic Substance.

Table of Contents

Summary

Committee membership

Chapter I Introduction

1.1 Background

1.2 Committee's previous reports

1.3 Committee's activities during this

reporting period

1.3.a. Chemical and chemical group

selections

1.3.b. Comprehensive information

processing

1.3.c. Information dissemination

1.3.d. Referrals

1.3.e. Deferrals

1.3.f. Removals

1.4 The TSCA section 4(e) Priority Testing

List

Chapter 2 Recommendations of the

Committee

2.1 Chemicals recommended for Priority

Consideration by the EPA Administrator

2.2 Designated chemicals

2.2a IRIS chemicals

Acetone

n-Butanol

Isobutanol

Di-92-ethylhexyl) adipate

Thiophenol

Dimethyl terephathalate

2.3 Recommended with intent-to-designate

chenmicals

None

2.4 Recommended chemicals

2.4a IRIS chemicals

m-Dinitrobenzene

Allyl alcohol

2-4,Dichlorophenol

2.4b Alkynes

2.4c Nitroalcohols

2.4d Phosphonium compounds

2.4e hydrazines

2.4f Oxiranes

2.4g Alkoxysilanes

2.4h Aldehyde hydrates

2.4i Propylene glycol ethers and esters

2.4j Methyl ethylene glycol ethers

2.4k Isothiocyanates

2.41 Cyanoacrylates

41212
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

Twenty-Eighth Report of the Interagency

Testing Committee to the Administrator,

Environmental Protection Agency

Summary. The U.S. Congress created

the Interagency Testing Committee (ITC)

under the Toxic Substances Control Act

(TSCA) to recommend TSCA regulable

chemicals and chemical groups to the

Administrator of the U.S. Environmental

Protection Agency (EPA) for Priority

Testing consideration and to facilitate

coordination of chemical testing

sponsored or required by U.S.

Government organizations represented

on the Committee. Congress directed the

Committee to: (1) Organize their

recommendations as the Priority Testing

List, (2) revise the Priority Testing List at

least every 8 months and (3) transmit

these revisions to the EPA

Administrator for publication in the

Federal Register

As a result of its deliberations during

this reporting period (9/28/90 to 5/15/

91), the Committee is revising the TSCA

section 4(e) Priority Testing List by

designating 6 chemicals and

recommending 3 chemicals and 11

chemical groups. The Committee's

computerized, substructure-based

chemical selection processes were used

to identify the chemicals in groups that

are likely to satisfy multiple data needs

of Member Agencies and others. During

this reporting period, the Committee (1)

considered available information on

over 40 chemicals and over 30 chemical

groups, (2) discussed information on

Committee activities at the American

Society for Testing and Material's First

Symposium on Environmental

Toxicology and Risk Assessment, (3)

submitted comments to EPA's proposed

multi-substance rules for neurotoxicity

and developmental/reproductive

toxicity, (4) met with the Synthetic

Organic Chemical Manufactures

Association and the Chemical

Manufactures Association to discuss

completed, ongoing and planned testing

of chemical groups recommended in the

26th Report, (5) solicited voluntary use

exposure and release information that is

unlikely to be submitted in response to

the TSCA Section 8(a) rule that is

promulgated for any chemical or

chemical group recommended for testing

by the ITC, (6) solicited voluntary

physical and chemical property

information for any chemicals in

chemical groups recommended for

testing since the Committee's 24th

Report, (7) published unambiguous

tables (requested by Congress) of the

123 chemicals and 38 chemical groups

on or removed from the Priority Testing

List, (8) referred a chemical to the EPA.

FDA or NTP for health effects testing

and (9) deferred over 800 chemicals from

testing consideration.

Chemicals or chemical groups

(entries) on the Priority Testing List are

designated, recommended with intentto-designate or recommended by the

Committee. Designations were created

by the U.S. Congress when they drafted

TSCA. Recommendations with intent-todesignate were established by the

Committee in their 17th Report (50 FR

47603; November 19, 1985).

Recommendations were established by

the Committee In their 11th Report (47

FR 54626; December 3, 1982). Revisions

to the Priority Testing List are presented,

together with the types of testing

recommended, in Table 1. The footnote

letters following Table 1 acknowledge

the Committee's efforts to

comprehensively examine ongoing

testing-related activities and available

information previously submitted under

TSCA.

TABLE 1.-REVISIONS TO THE SECTION 4(E) PRIORITY TESTING LIST

Group CAS No. Chemical Action Date Recommended Tests

67-64-1 Acetone'-'

71-36-3 n-Butanol2

78-83-1 Isobutanoll

103-23-1 1 Di-(2-ethylhexyl)adipates

108-98-5 Thiopheno*

120-61-6 Dimethyl terephthaate

99-65-0 1 m-Dinitro-benzene

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Recommended

Chemical fate: None.

Health effects: Reproductive effects.

Ecological effects: None.

Chemical fate: None.

Health effects: Reproductive effects.

Ecological effects: None.

Chemical fate: None.

Health effects: Oral and Inhalation pharmacokinetics, reproductive effects, developmental toxicity, and oncogenicty.

Ecological effects: None.

Chemical fate: Physical and chemical properties, river die-away and sediment biodegradation.

Health effects: Reproductive effects, developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity.

Ecological effects: Aquatic Invertebrate and

fish chronic toxicity.

Chemical fate: Aerobic biodegradation, photolysis screening, and volatilization.

Health effects: Pharmacokinetics, reproductive effects, developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, mutagenicity and oncogenicity.

Ecological effects: Algal toxicity, aquatic invertebrate and fish acute and chronic toxicity.

Chemical fate: River die-away biodegradation.

Health effects: Reproductive effects, developmental toxicity and neurotoxicity.

Ecological effects: Algal toxicity, aquatic invertebrate and fish acute and chronic toxicity.

Chemical fate: None.

Health effects: Subchronic toxicity, reproductive effects, developmental toxicity and

neurotoxicty.

41213
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

TABLE 1.-REVISIONS TO THE SECTION 4(E) PRIORITY TESTING LST-Continued

Group CAS No. Chemical Action Date Recommened Tests

Nitralcohols

PbosphornLuis,

Hydmxines

Oxiranes

Alkoxyslanes

Aldehyde hydrates

Propylene glycol

esters

ethers and

Methyl ethylene glycol ethers

Isothtocyanates

Cyanoacrylates

107-18-6 Allyl alcohol2

120-13-21 2,4-Dichlorophenol'.2

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

'Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) section 110.

'Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) section 313. a Clean.Air Act Amendments, section 301.

' Toxic Substances.Control Act (TSCA) sectorn 8(a) Preliminary Assessment Information Rule (PAIR). 0 TSCA section 8(d) Health and Safety Data Reporting Rule.

Ecological effects: None.

5/91 Chemical fate: None.

Health effects: Subchronlc toxicity, pharia

cokinatics, reproductive effects, develop.

mental toxicity and neurotoxcity.

Ecologlcal effects: Algal toxicity, acute and

chronic aquatic Invertebrate and fish toxicIty.

5/91 Chemical fate: None.

Health effects: Neurotoxicity and Immuno.

toxicity.

Ecological effects: None.

6191 Chemical fate: Physical and chemical prop.

erties and biodegradation rate screenlnh

Health effects: None.

Ecological effects: None.

5/91 Chemical-fate: Physical and chemical properties and biodegradation rate screening

Health effects: None.

Ecological effects: Non&.

5/91 ,Chemical fate: Physical and chemical prop- . erties and bWodegradation ate screening.

Health effects: None.

Ecological effects: None.

5/91 Chemical fate-. None.

Health effects: None.

Ecological effects: Algal toicilty, aquatic in

vertebrate. and fish acute and chronic toxIcity, 5/91 Chemical fate: None.

Health effects: None.

Ecological effects: Algal toxicity, aquatic Invertebrate acute and chronic toxicity and

fish chronic toxicity.

5/91 Chemical fate: None.

Health effects: None.

Ecological effects: Algal toxicity, aquatic Invertebrate and fish acute and chronic toxicity.

5/91 Chemical fate: None.

Health effects: None.

Ecological effects: Algal toxicity, aquatic invertebrate and fish acute and chronic tox- icy.

5/91 Chemical fate: None.

Health effects: Developmental toxicity and

reproductive effects.

Ecological effects: None.

5/91 Chemical fate: None.

Health effects: Developmental toxicity ard

reproductive effects.

Ecological effects: None.

5/91 Chemical fate: Persistence.

Health effects: None.

Ecological effects: None.

5/91 Chemical fate: Physical and chemical properties.

Health effects: None.

Ecological effects: None.

Listed below are the individual.

chemicals for the chemical groups in

Table 1. Chemical nos. 1 through 19 are

alkynes, chemical nos; 20 through 23 are

nitroalcohols, chemical nos. 24 through

28 are phosphoniums, chemical nos. 29

through 63 are hydrazines, chemical nos.

64 through 111 are oxiranes, chenical

nos. 112 through 148 are alkoxysilanes,

chemical nos. 149 through 186 are

propylene glycol ethers and esters,

chemical nos. 187 through 196 are

methyl ethylene glycol ethers, chemical

nos.-197 and 198 are isothiocyanates, •

chemical nos. 199 through 209 are 1 ;

cyanoacrylates, and chemicals nos. 210

and 211 are aldehyde hydrates.

41214
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices 41215

No. Chemical Name CAS No. Notes

1. 1-Propyne 74-99-7

2. 1-Pentyn-3-ol, 3-methyl- 77-75-8

3. 4-Octyne-3.6-diol, 3,6-dimethyl- 78-66-0

4. 1 -Butyne 107-00-6

5. 2-Propyn-1-ol 107-19-7

6. 1-Hexyn-3-ol, 3,5-dimethyl- 107-54-0

7. 2-Butyne-1,4-diol 110-65-6

8. 3-Butyn-2-ol, 2-methyl- 115-19-5

9. 5-Oecyne-4,7-diol, 2.4.7,9-tetramethyl- 126-86-3

10. 3-Hexyne-2,5-diol. 2,5-dlmethyl- 142-30-3

11. 1-Buten-3-yne 689-97-4

12. PeroxIde, (1,1,4,4-tetrarnethyl-2btyne- 1,4-diyl)bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) 1068-27-5

13. Ethanol, 2,2'-2-butyne-1,4- diylbls(oxy)Ibls- 1606-85-5

14. 3-Hexyne-2,5-diol 3031-66-1

15. Ethanol, 2-(2-propynyloxy)- 3973-18-0

16. 1Octyn-3l, etyl- 5877-42-9

17. 7-Tetradecyna-6,9-dlol, 5,10-diethyl- 25430-52-8

18. 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 3,3'-[2-butye- 1,4-diylbis(oxy)]bis 2-hydroxy- 40456-31-3

19. 2-Propyne-1-sulfonlc acid, sodium salt 55947-46-1

20. 1-Propanol, 2-methyl-2-nitro- 76-39-1

21. 1,3-Propanediol, 2-methyl-2-nttro- 77-49-6

22. 1.3-Propanedlol, 2-hydroxymethyl-2-nitro- 126-11-4.

23. 1.3-Propanediol. 2-ethyl-2-rtro- 597-09-1

24. Phosphordum, tetralds(hydroxymethy)-, chloride 124-64-1

25. Phosphontum, blphenyl(phenylmethy4)-,chlorlde 1100-88-5

26. Phosphonlum, ethyltriphenyl-, iodide 4736-60-1

27. Phosphontum, ethyturiphenyl-, acetate 35835-94-0

28. Phosphonlum, tetraMs(hydroxymethyl)-,sulfate(2:1) (salt) 55566-30-8

29. Hydrazine, 1,1-dilmethyl- 57-14-7 b,g

30. Hydrazine, phenyl monohydrochloride 59-88-1

31. Hydrazine, methyl- 60-34-4 b,g

32. Benzenesultonic acid, hydrazide 80-17-1

33. Benzenesulfonic acid, 4,4'-oxybis-.dihydrazide 80-51-3

34. Tetrazole-5-thione 1,2-dihydro-l-phenyl-5-f 86-93-1

35. 3-Pyrazolidnone, 1-phenyl- 92-43-3

36. Hydrazine, phenyl- 100-63-0

37. 1-tetrazene-1-carboxirndic acid, 4-(Aminomethyl)-, 2-nltrosohydrazide 109-27-3

38. 1.2-Hydrazinedlcarboxamide 110-21-4

39. Hydrazine, I,2-diphenyl- 122-6-7 a,b,d,g

40. 1,2-Hydrazinedicadbothioamide 142-48-1

41. Hydrazlne 302-01-2 ab,g

42. Carbonic dihydrazide 497-18-7

43. Hydrazinecarboxamide, monohydrochlodde 563-41-7 e

44. Hydrazinecadromidamide, monohydrochloride 1937-19-5

45. Carbonothiolc dihydrazilde 2231-57-4

48. Carbonic acid, compd. with hydrainecarboximldamide (1:1) 2582-30-1

47. 1,3-Benzenedicarboxyllc acid. dihydrazide 2760-96-7

48. Hydrazine, (2,4.6-trichlorophenyl)- 5329-12-4

49. Hydrazine dihydrochloride 5341-61-7

50. Hydrazinecarboxylic acid, methyl ester 6294-89-9

51. Hydrazinecarbothioamide N-methyl- 661 0-29-3

52. Hydrazine, monoacetate 7335-65-1

53. Hydrazine, (1,1-dimethylethyl)-, monohydrochloride 7400-27-3

54. Hydrazlne monohydrate 7803-57-8

55. Hydrazine sulfate (1:1) 10034-93-2 b

56. Benzenesulfonlc acid, 4-methyl-, 2- (aminocarbonyl)hydrazlde 10396-10-8

57. Hydrazine sulfate (2:1) 13464-80-7

58. Hydrazinecarbodithloic acid, compd. with hydrazlne (1:1) 20469-71-0

59. Benzenepropanolc acid, 3,5-bWs(1,1- dimethylethyl)-4-hydroxy-, hydrazide 32687-77-7

60. Benzenepropanoic acid. 3.5-bls(1,1- dlmethylethyl)-4-4ydroxy-, 2-3-3,5- bis(1,1-dimethylethyi)-4-hydroxyphenyl- 1-oxo 3268778-

61. 1,2,4-Tdazin-5(2H)-one, 4-amlno6-(1,1- dimethylethyl)3,4-dhydro-3-thloxo- 33509-43-2

62. Hydrazlne, (2-chloro-4,6- dimethylphenyl)-, hydrochlodde 63134-30-5

63. 1,2-Hydrazinedisulfonic acid, 1-(4-nlrophenyl)-. dipotassium salt 63467-74-3

64. Oxirane 75-21- a,b,c,d

65. Oxlrane, methyl- 75-56-9 b,c,d

66. 2.4-Methano-2H-indeno[ ,2-b:5,6-b']bIsoxlrene, octahydro- 81-21-0 c

67. O)drane, phenyl- 96-09-3 b,c

68. Oxirane, 2,2'-[ 1,3.henylenebis(oxymethylene)]bis- 101-90-6 c,d

69. 7-Oxablcyclo 4.1.0 heptane, 3-henyl- 106-86-5

70. 7-Oxabicyclo 4.1.0 heptane, 3-oxiranyl- 106-87-6 c

71. Oxirane, ethyl- 106-88-7 bc,d

72. Oxirane, (chloromethyl)- 106-89- b,c,d

73. 2-Propenolc acid, 2-methyl-,oxkranymethyl ester 106-91-2 c,d

74. Oxirane. (2-propenyloxy)methyl]- 106-92-3 c,d

75. Oxirane, (phenoxymethyl)- 122-60-1 c,d

76. Spiro[6,10-(epoxymethano)-10H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene 163-77-9

77. 7-Oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane 286-20-4 c

78. Oxlrane, trifluoro(trffluoromethyl). 428-59-1 d,f

79. Oxiranemethanol 55642-5 c,d

80. Oxirane, 2,2'-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(4,1-phenyleneoxy- methylene)]bis- 1675-54-3 d

81. 3-Oxatricyclo(4.1.1.02,4]octane, 2,7,7- trimethyl- 1686-14-2

82. Oxirane. [(2-methylphenoxy)methyl]- 2210-79-9 d
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A191A

Notes Chemical Name

Oxrane. 2,2'-[oxybis(methylene)]bis7-Oxabcycio[4:1.0]heptane-3-carboxylic acid, 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0] hept-3- ylmethyl ester

Oxirane, 2,2'-[1,4- butanediyibis(oxymethylene)IbisOxirane. (butoxymethyl)-

1,3,5-Triazne-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione, 1,3,5-tuis(oxiranylmethy)-

Oxirane, [(2-ethylhexyl)oxy methyl]-

Oxirane, [(dodecyloxy)methyl]-

Silane, trimethoxy[3- (oxiranylmethoxy)propy]-

Oxirane, [4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)phenoxy methyl]-

Hexanedioic acid, bis(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-ylmethyl) ester

Spiro 1,3-dioxane-5,3'-C7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptanel, 2-(7-oxabicycio[4.1.0]hept-3-yi)-

Silane, trimethoxy[2-(7- oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-yl)ethy]-

Oxiranemethanamine, N-4- (oxiranymethoxy)phenyl]-N(oxlra-nylmethyl)-

1,2-Cycohexanedicarboxylic acid, bls(oxlranytmethyl) ester

Oxirane, 2,2',2"-[1-propanyl-3ylidenetis(4,1-phenyleneoxy-methylene)]trisOxirano, tetradecylOxirane, 2,2',2",2"'-[1,2-ethanediylidenetetrakis(4,1- phenyleneoxymethylene)]tetrakisOxirane, [( .1-dimethylethoxy)methyl]-

Cyclohexane, 1,4-his[(2,3- epoxypropoxy)methyl]-

2,4-imidazolidinedione, 5-ethyl-5-methyl- 1,3-bis(oxiranymethyl)-

Oxirane, 2,2'-[(2,2-dimethyl-l,3- propanediyl)bis(oxymethylene)]bisOxirane, [(methylphenoxy)methyl]-

Neodecanoic acid, oxiranyimethyl ester

Oxirane, 2,2'-[methylenebis(2,1-phenyeneoxymethylene) ]bisOxiraneoctanoic acid, 3-octyl-, ammonium sell

7-Oxabicycio[4.t.0]heptane-3-carboxyic acid, 2-ethylhexyl ester

Oxirane, 2,2'-[[[2-(oxlranylmethoxy)phenyl]methylene] bis(4,I-pheoyleneoxymethylene)]bisOxiranoctanoic acid, 3-octyl-, 1-methyl- 1,2-ethanediy ester

Oxirane, 2,2-dlmethyl-3-(3-methyl-2,4- pentadienyl)-

Siiane, ethenyltriethoxySiliclc acid (H4S04), tetrethyl ester

Siticic acid (H4S104), tetrakls(2- ethylbutyl) ester

Silicic acid (H4S04), tetramethyl ester

Silicic acid (H45104), tetrapropyl ester

Silane, triethoxyphenyl1-Propanamine, 3-(triethoxysilyl)-

Propanenitrile, 3-(triethoxysilyl)-

2.5,7,10-Tetraoxa-6-siiaundecane, 6- ethenyl-6-(2-methoxyethoxy)-

2-Oxa-7,10-dlaza-3-silatridecarn-13-oic acid, 3,3-dimethoxy-, methyl ester

Silane, trimethoxymethyl- "

1,2-Ethanediamine, N-3- (trimethoxysity)propylSiane, triethoxymethyl2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 3- (tdmethoxysilyl)propyl ester

Silane, (3-chloropropyl)trimethoxySilane, ethenyltrimethoxySilane, trlethoxyoctylSilane, trimethoxypheyl1-Propanamlne. 3-(diethoxymethysilyl)-

Sitanetriol, ethenyl-, triacetate

Slanetdol, methyl-, triacetate

1-Propanethiol, 3-(trimethoxysiiyl)-

Silicic acid (H4S04), tetrakis(1- methylpropyl) ester

Silane, dimethoxydiphenylAcetic acid. dianhydiide with silicic acid (H49i04) bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) ester

1-Propanamine, 3-(tmethoxysilyi)-

* Silanetriol, ethyl-, triacetate

Carbanic acid, [3- (triethoxysilyl)propyl]-, ethyl ester

Silane, trimethoxy(2-methylpropyl)-

Silicic acid (H4SiO4), tetra-2-methyl-1- pentyl ester

Urea. [3-(thlethoxysilyl)propyl]-

1,3,5-Trazine-2,4,6(iH,3H,5H)-trione, 1,3,5-trs [3-(trimethoxysiyl)propyl]-

Silane. dlmethylbis(octadecyloxy)-

1.2-Ethanediamine, N-[(4-ethenylphenyl)methyl-N'-3-(trime thoxyslyl)propyl]-, monohydrochloride

1,2-Ethanediamine, N-(2-amlnoethyl)-N'- [3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-

3,16-Dioxa-8,9,10,11 -tetrathia-4,15- dislaoctadecane, 4,4,15,15-tetraethoxy1,2-Ethanediamne,N-(phnylmethy)-N'-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-, monohydrochloride

1,2-Propanediol

9-Octadecenoic acid (2)-, 1-methyl-i,2- ethanediy ester

* 2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-

. 2-Propanol, 1-methoxy-, acetate

2-Propanol, 1,1'-oxybis-

. 2-Propanof, 1,t-[(1- methylethyidene)bis(4,1-phenylene- oxy)]bis2-Propanol, 1-(2-butoxyethoxy)-

2-Propenol. t-phenoxy-

. 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2- hydroxypropyl ester

Octadecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2- propanediol

9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, monoester with 1,2-propanediol

2-Propanol, 1-propoxy-

. 1.2,4-Butanetriol

1-Propanot, 2-phenoxy3. 2-Propanol, 1-butoxy1,2-Propanediot, dibenzoate

A-lJ~J~k 91 6. 1 .. . . . • . . .. --- - v.JI

CAS No.

2238-07-5

2386-87-0

2425-79-8

2426-08-6

2451-62-9

2461-15-6

2461-I8-9

2530-83-8

3101-60-8

3130-19

3388-03-2

3388-04-3

5026-74-4

5493-45-8

6130-72-9

7320-37-8

7328-97-4

7665-72-7

14228-73-0

15336-82-0

17557-23-2

26447-14-3

26761-45-5

54208-63-8

61792-39-0

62256-00-2

67786-03-2

67860-05-3

69103-20-4

78-08-

78-10-4

78-13-7

681-84-5

682-01-9

780-69-8

919-30-2

919-31-3

1067-53-4

1067-6"

1185-55-3

1760-24-3

2031-67-6

2530-85-0

2530-87-2

2768-02-7

2943-75-1

2996-92-1

3179-764

4130-08-9

4253-34-3

4420-74-0

5089-76-9

6843-66-9

'13170-23-8

13822-5-5

17689-77-4

17945-05-0

18395-30-7

18765-32-7

23779-32-0

26115-70"8

29043-70-7

33401-49-9

35141-30-1

40372-72-3

42965-91-3

57-65-6

105-62-4

107-88-2

108-65-6

110-98-5

116-37-0

124-16-3

770-35-4

923-26-2

1323-39-3

1330-80-9

1569-01-3

3068-00-6

4169-04-4

5131-66-8

19224-26-1
Federal Register / VoL 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

Chemical Name

2-Propanol. 1-(2-mathoxy-l- methylethoxy)-

2-Propanol. 1-(2-methypropoxy)-

Propanot. (1-methyl-l,2- ethanedyl)bis(oxy)IbisPropanol, oxybisPropu i. f2-(2- metxyethyethoyjmethytethoxy3-

2-Propenole acid. monoester with 1,2- propanediol

Propanol, oxybis-. dibenzoate

Oodecanoic acid, monoester with 1,2- propanediol

2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, enonoester with 1,2-propanediot

1-Propaol. methoxy1.2-Propanediol. mono isop'opyl ether

2-Propanol, 1-(2-butoxy-1-methylethoxy)-

Nonanoic acid, t-methyl-1.2-ethenedlyl ester

2-Propanoic acid. (I -methyl-i 2- ethanedy1)b$s[oxy (methyl-2,1- ethanediyl)Jester

2-ProanoL 1-etxhyButanedoic acid. (tetrapropenyl)-. monoester with 1,2-propanediol

2-Propanol, 1-(1-methxyethoxy), acetate

2-Pro no. 1-(1 1-dlmethylethoxy)-

taooctadacanoic acid. monoester with 1.2-propanedlol

1-Propanol, 2-(1-methylethoxy)-. acetate

Propanol, 1 (or 2)-2- methoxymethylethoxy, acetate

Propanal. 1 (or 2) ethoxy acetate

2,.5A1 1.14-Perntoxapentsdene

Ethanol, 2-lethoxy-. cerbamate

2-Propenoc acid. 2-methoxyethyl ester

Carbamic acid. bls(hydroxymethyl)-. 2- methoxyethyl ester

2,5,8,11-Tetraoxetridecanti 3-ol

Propanenitrile, 3-2-mehoxyethoxy)-

1-Polpmme. 3-(2qrethoxyathoxy)-

1N-Naphth[2.3-f]iWsoiole-1.3.5,10(2,4ettone, 4,11. dimin-2-[3-(2-methoxyethoxy)propyl]-

Propanamide. N.[2-t(2-chloro-4,6-inrophenyl)azo]-5-(ethylamino)-4-(2-thoxyetMxy)pttenyl]-

Acetamide, N-2-[(2-choro-4.6dnroprenyl)azo]-5-(ethylaino)-4-(2methoxyethoxy)pheny]-

1-Propens. 34othiocyanato2-Propenoic acid. 2-cyano-. methyl ester

2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano-, isobutyl ester

2-Propenoic acid. 2-cyano-3.3-diphenyl-, 2-ethylhexyl ester

2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano-, bty ester

2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano-. ethyl ester

2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano-. 2-propenyl ester

2-Propeo acid, 2-cyano-. I- methylethyl ester

2-Propnoic add. 2-cyaro. ethyoxy et ester

2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano-, 2.2.2- trllluomethyl ester

2-Propenoic acid, 2-cyano-. 2- methyoxye"y ester

Ethanaminium. 2-[[2-cyano-3-[4-(diethylamino)phenyl]--oxo-2- propenylloxy]-N.NN-tmethyt- chloride

1.1-Ethanedol, 2,2,2-trchloroGtyoxal rireric dihydrate

Notes:

a Superfund Amendments and

Reauthorization Act [SARA) section 110.

b. Emergency Planning and Community

Right-to-4now Act (EPCRA) section 313.

c. Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)

section 8(a) Preliminary Assessment

Information Rule (PAIR).

d. TSCA section 8(d) Health and Safety

Data Reporting Rule.

e. TSCA section 8(a) Comprehensive

Assessment Information Rule.

f. TSCA section 8(a) chemical specific rule.

g. Clean Air Act Amendments, section 301.

TSCA Interagency Testing Committee

Statutory Member Agencies and Their

Representatives

Council on Environmental Quality

None

Department of Commerce

Raimundo Prat

Environmental Protection Agency

Letitia Tahan, member

Vincent Nabhotx, alternate

National Cancer Institute

Susan Sieber, member

Thomas P. Cameron, alternate

National Institute for Environmental

Health Sciences

James K. Selkirk. alternate

National Institute for Occupational

Safety and Health

Robert W. Mason, Chairperson

Rodger L. Tatken, alternate

National Science Foundation

William L Pengally. member

Jarvis L Moyers. alternate

Occupational Safety and Health

Administration

Loretta Schuman, member

Stephen Mallinger, alternate

Liaison Agencies and Their

Representatives

Agency for Toxic Substances and

Disease Registry

Deborah Barsotti

Consumer Product Safety Commission

Lakshima C. Mishra

Department of Agriculture

Richard M. Perry. Jr.

Department of Defense

Randall S. Wentsel (See Note belowl

Department of the Interior

Clifford P. Rice

Barnett A. Rattner

Department of Transportation

James O'Steen

George Cushmac

Food and Drug Administration

Charles J. Kokoski

Raju Kammula

National Library of Medicine

Vera Hudson

National Toxicology Program

Miriam Davis

Victor A. Fung, ViceChairperson

U.S. International Trade Commission

James Raftery

Edward Matsulk

Committee Staff

John D. Walker. Ph.D., Executive Director

Norma S.L. Williams Executive.Assistant

CAS No. Notes

20324-32-7

23436-19-3

24800-44-0

25265-71-8

25498-49-1 c.d

25584-83-2 c

27138-31-4

27194-74-7

27813-02-1

28677-93-2

29387-84-

29911-28-2

41395-83-9

42978-66-5

52125-53-8

52305-09-8

54839-25-7

57018-52-7

68171-38-0

73238-55-8

88917-22-0

98516-30-4

143-24-8

1616-88-2

3121-61-7

10143-22-3

23783-42-8

35633-50-2

54303-31-0

65059-45-2

67846-62-2

68957-67-5

57-06-7

103-72-0

137-05-3

1069-55-2

6197-30-4

6606-65-1

7085-85-0

7324-02-9

.10588-17-1

21982-43-4

23023-91-8

27816-23-6

64992-16-1

302-17-0

4405-13-4

41217
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

Support Staff

Alan Carpien, office of the General

Counsel, EPA

Notes: Appointed on February 7, 1991.

The Committee acknowledges and is

grateful for the assistance and support

given by the staff of Syracuse Research

Corp. (technical support contractor) and

personnel of the EPA Office of Toxic

Substances.

Chapter 1--Introduction

1.1 Background. The U.S. Congress

created the Interagency Testing

Committee (ITC) in 1976 to screen, select

and recommend chemicals and chemical

groups for priority health effects,

chemical fate, and ecological effects

testing consideration. Congress provided

the ITC with statutory authority for

screening, selecting and recommending

chemicals and a list of factors that must

be considered during chemical

screening. Congress directed the

Committee (which consists of 8 statutory

and 10 liaison Members from U.S.

Government organizations) to consider

these statutory factors, including

quantities manufactured or released,

numbers of individuals exposed,

duration of exposure, extent of human

exposure, structural relationships to

known toxic substances, toxicity data,

reliability of test data to predict hazard

and availability of testing facilities

when screening chemicals or chemical

groups for consideration. Congress also

directed the Committee to give priority

attention to those chemicals or chemical

groups knownto cause or suspected of

causing cancer, gene mutations or birth

defects. The Committee selects and

recommends chemicals or chemical

groups that may: (1) Present an

unreasonable risk of injury to health or

the environment, (2) reasonably be

anticipated to enter the environment in

substantial quantities or (3) involve

significant or substantial human

exposure.

Congress also created the ITC to

facilitate coordination of chemical

testing sponsored or required by U.S.

Government organizations and to

enhance information exchange to

promote cost-effective use of U.S.

Government chemical testing resources

by recommending testing of chemicals

or chemical groups that are likely to

satisfy multiple data needs of Member

Agencies and others. The Committee's

statutory responsibilities are described

in section 4(e) of the Toxic Substances

Control Act (TSCA; Pub. L. 94-469, 90

Stat. 2003 et seq., 15 U.S.C. 2601 et seq.).

The Committee prepares a list (the

Priority Testing List) of chemicals or

chemical groups recommended for

testing (by the chemical's

manufacturers), transmits the Priority

Testing List to the Administrator of the

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

(EPA) and determines the order in which

the EPA Administrator shall implement

the testing recommendations under

TSCA section 4(a) by designating those

chemicals, from among its

recommendations, to which the

Administrator should respond within 12

months. Congress directed the

Committee to revise the Priority Testing

List at least every 6 months and required

the EPA Administrator to publish the

Committee's Reports in the Federal

Register.

1.2 Committee's previous reports.

Twenty-seven previous Reports to the

EPA Administrator have been issued by

the Committee and published in the

Federal Register. In these 27 Reports, the

Committee has recommended testing for

114 chemicals and 27 chemical groups.

Chemical groups consist of one or more

chemicals, isomers, congeners, mixtures,

and so on that have a common

substructure, use, testing information

deficiency, exposure scenario, etc., and

for which there is one common testing

recommendation, e.g., aldehydes

recommended for ecological effects

testing in the 27th Report. Chemicals can

be members of chemical groups, but

each is counted as a single chemical if

their testing recommendations are

different, e.g., the 5 chloroalkyl

phosphates recommended in the 23rd

Report.

1.3 Committee's activities during this

reporting period. Between September 28,

1990 and May 15, 1991 the Committee

processed chemicals that were likely to

satisfy multiple data needs of Member

Agencies and others, evaluated

chemicals by using the Committee's

computerized, substructure-based,

chemical selection processes and

examined lists of ongoing activities

related to reducing testing information

deficiencies for commercial chemicals.

1.3.a Chemical and chemical group

selections. The Committee designated 6

chemicals and recommended 3

chemicals and 1I chemical groups for

testing (Table 1). Six IRIS chemicals

were designated, because there were

sufficient concerns and uncertainties

(related to substantial production

volumes and potential exposures and

releases) to request that the EPA

Administrator implement the testing

recommendations within 12 months of

the date of the 28th Report. Three IRIS

chemicals Were recommended, because

the Committee wants to review the

TSCA section 8(a) and 8(d) information

and any use exposure and release

information as well as any physical

chemical property information that is

voluntarily submitted, before deciding

whether to designate these chemicals for

testing. Data submitted or developed in

response to designations and

recommendations of IRIS chemicals are

likely to satisfy some of multiple data

needs of numerous U.S. Government

organizations represented on the

Committee. Three groups (alkynes,

nitroalcohols and phosphoniums) were

recommended for minimum physical and

chemical property testing and

biodegradation rate screening tests

because of concerns and uncertainties

related to production and use, potential

exposures and releases from production,

processing and use, and the potential for

persistence in the environment. Data

submitted or developed in response to

recommendations of chemical groups for

minimum physical chemical property

testing or biodegradation rate screening

tests are likely to satisfy some of

multiple data needs of the EPA, the

Department of Transportation (DOT),

the Department of Interior (DOI) and

State and local governments involved

with assessing the impact of chemical

releases to the environment. Three

groups (hydrazines, oxiranes and

alkoxysilanes) were recommended for

ecological effects tests because of

concerns and uncertainties related to

production and use, potential exposures

and releases from production,

processing and use, and for potential to

cause adverse ecological effects.

Aldehyde hydrates were recommended

for ecological effects testing to complete

the Committee's recommendation

process for aldehydes and their

hydrates. Data submitted or developed

in response to recommendations of

minimum ecological effects testing are

likely to satisfy some of multiple data

needs of the EPA, DOT, DO! and State

and local governments involved with

assessing the impact of chemical

releases to the environment. Propylene

glycol ethers and esters and methyl

ethylene glycol ethers were

recommended because Congress

directed the Committee to give priority

attention to chemical groups suspected

of causing birth defects. Data submitted

or developed in response to these

recommendations are likely to satisfy

some of multiple data needs of the

Consumer Product Safety Commission

(CPSC). the National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health

(NIOSH), the Occupational Safety and

Health Administration (OSHA) and

others. Isothiocyanates were

recommended for persistence testing to

complete the Committee's

recommendation process for

41218
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

isocyanates and isothiocyanates.

Cyanoacrylates were recommended for

physical and chemical property testing

because they are chemicals with

commercially important bonding

applications and there are insufficient

publicly-available data to reasonably

determine or predict physical and

chemical properties. Data submitted or

developed in response to these

recommendations are likely to satisfy

some of multiple data needs of EPA.

DOT, the National Cancer Institute, the

National Toxicology Program and

others. These recommendations are

consistent with the Committee's

comprehensive approach of using their

computerized processes to: (1) identify

chemicals in substructure-based groups

in need of screening tests. (2) review

recently requested production and

exposure data and non-public health

and safety studies, (3) meet with

interested groups to identify

commercially-important chemicals that

need to be tested (4) withdraw

chemicals or tests to avoid unnecessary

or duplicative testing, (5) characterize

testing information deficiencies

identified by Member Agencies. etc. and

(6) integrate available information into a

consolidated testing program likely to

serve multiple users.

There are numerous advantages

associated with nominating chemicals to

the Committee. These were described in

detail in chapter 1.3.a of the 27th Report

(56FR9534, March 6,1991). Further

information about nominating chemicals

or chemical groups to the Committee

can be obtained by calling the

Committee's Executive Director at area

code 202/ 382-3820 or the Committee's

Executive Assistant at area code 202/

382-3825.

1.3.b Comprehensive information

processing. During this reporting period,

several For Your Information (FYI),

TSCA section 8[d) and 8(e) documents

were reviewed. These documents are

stored on microfiche in the TSCA Public

Docket Office, Office of Toxic

Substances. Environmental Protection

Agency, Room G-.004 NE Mall, 401 M

Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460.

These microfiched documents are also

available from the National Technical

Information Service, 5285 Port Royal

Road. Springfield, Virginia 22161 (1-80D336-4700), and from Chemical

Information Systems, Inc., 7215 York

Road, Baltimore, Maryland 21212 (1-

800-CIS-USER). The Committee

referenced several of these documents

in Chapter 2 of this report and readers

are referred to the above-addresses to

obtain further information. Interested

parties can also obtain, from the EPA

address, copies of publicly-available

reports, letters and published references

supporting recommendations of

chemicals in this report.

The Committee continues to

comprehensively search available

domestic and international lists of

ongoing activities related to reducing

testing information deficiencies on

chemicals under review. Efforts to

conduct these searches identified

chemicals listed in other statutes, e.g..

chemicals listed in Title III of the 1990

amendments of the Clean Air Act. The

Committee has recommended over 60

chemicals and chemical groups listed in

this statute. These recommendations

have resulted in the submission of: 1)

substantive TSCA section 8(a)

production, exposure and release

information. 2) hundreds of non-public

TSCA section 8[d) studies and 3)

numerous TSCA section 4(a) and (d)

studies that were conducted as a result

of the EPA's implementation of the

Committee's testing recommendations.

The Committee continues to review

information on chemicals listed in this

and other relevant statutes. Efforts to

conduct searches also identified

chemicals for which TSCA informationgathering activities are ongoing (see

Table I footnotes). The Committee

makes the results of these searches

publicly available by referencing TSCA

submissions in Reports to the EPA

Administrator or making tables and

references of these submissions

available in the public dockets

supporting a Report to the EPA

Administrator.

During this reporting period, the

Committee considered available

information on over 40 chemicals and

over 30 chemical groups. The Committee

designated 6 chemicals and

recommended 3 chemicals and 11

chemical groups to the section 4(e)

Priority Testing List. Review of the

remaining chemicals and chemical

groups is ongoing.

1.3.c Information dissemination. To

emphasize the Committee's efforts to

promote public understanding of the

ITC's functions and purposes, the

Committee is listing some of the

Committee-related activities that

occurred during this reporting period.

On April 14, 1991, the Executive Director

pre~ented a keynote speech at the

American Society for Testing and

Materiars First Symposium on

Environmental Toxicology and Risk

Assessment. On May 3,1991. the

Executive Director submitted comments

to EPA's proposed multi-substance rules

for neurotoxicity and developmental/

reproductive toxicity. Comments

supported the development of these

rules, listed chemicals and chemical

groups (contained in these rules) that

were previously recommended and

designated by the ITC, identified

additional information that EPA could

consider during promulgation of final

rules and offered to share requested or

voluntarily submitted information

received in response to chemicals of

common concern.

To facilitate coordination of chemical

testing and to promote conservation of

chemical testing resources, Committee

Members (from Agencies likely to use

data resulting from ITC's chemical group

recommendations) and the Executive

Director met with the Synthetic Organic

Chemical Manufactures Association and

the Chemical Manufactures Association

to discuss completed, ongoing and

planned testing of chemical groups

recommended in the 26th Report.

To promote a comprehensive

evaluation of recent exposure

information, the Committee is soliciting

voluntary use exposure and release

information that is unlikely to be

submitted in response to the TSCA

Section 8(a) rule that is promulgated for

any chemical or chemical group

recommended for testing. In this 28th

Report, the Committee is soliciting

voluntary use exposure and release

information for imidazolium quaternary

ammonium compounds and ethoxylated

quaternary ammonium compounds

(22nd Report), chloroalkyl phosphates

(23rd Report). brominated flame

retardants (25th Report), isocyanates.

brominated flame retardants and alkyl

phosphates (26th Report), aldehydes.

sulfones and substantially produced

chemicals in need of subchronic tests

(27th Report) as well as the 3 chemicals

and 11 chemical groups recommended

for testing and listed in Table 1 of this

Report.

To promote a comprehensive

evaluation of recent physical and

chemical property information, the

Committee is soliciting voluntary

submission of this information for any

chemicals in chemical groups

recommended for testing since the

Committee's 24th Report. The

Committee is soliciting voluntary

submissions, because under 40 CFR

716.50, TSCA Section 8(d) studies of

physical and chemical properties must

be submitted only if they are performed

for the purpose of determining the

environmental or biological fate of a

substance, and only if they investigated'

water solubility. adsorption/desorption

on particulate surfaces, vapor pressure,

octanol/water partition coefficient,

density, dissociation constant, etc. The

41219
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

Committee recognizes that before

chemicals are manufactured, many

physical and chemical properties are

measured (including those mentioned

above, but also including flash point,

melting point, boiling point, etc.), but not

for the purpose of determining the

environmental or biological fate of a

substance. Member Agencies often need

these physical and chemical properties

that would not be developed as part of

an environmental or biological fate

assessment.

The Committee hopes that a voluntary

approach for use exposure data and

physical chemical property information

will prove more efficient than pursuing

notice-and-comment rulemaking under a

TSCA section 8(a) Comprehensive

Assessment Information Rule.

In response to requests (made during

the Executive Director's June 20, 1990

Congressional testimony) to clarify the

number of chemicals and chemical

groups recommended for testing by the

ITC, the Committee is publishing two

tables in this 28th Report listing 123

chemicals and 38 chemical groups that

have been recommended for testing

since 1977.

1.3.d Referrals. Rationales for not

recommending health effects testing of

chloral are provided in the ITC's 27th

Report. Chloral and chloral hydrate

were sequentially reviewed. An

identical rationale supports not

recommending chloral hydrate for

health effects testing, i.e., Committee

review of TSCA section 8(d) studies to

avoid duplicative and unnecessary

testing and review of TSCA section 8(a)

submitted information as well as any

use exposure and release and physical

chemical property information that is

voluntarily submitted, before deciding

whether to designate the chemical for

testing. In the interim, the Committee is

referring chloral hydrate to the EPA, the

FDA and the NTP for health effects

testing consideration.

1.3.e Deferrals. To promote public

understanding of the total number of

chemicals that the Committee processes,

the Committee is listing over 800

chemicals in 6 chemical groups that are

being deferred from further

consideration at this time because the

chemicals were not reported to the EPA

or the U.S. International Trade

Commission as being recently produced.

In addition the Committee is also

deferring methyl isothiocyanate (CAS.

No. 556-61-6), because of uncertainties

related to testing under TSCA and

phosgene (CAS No. 75-44-5), because of

concerns related to the inability to

properly design inhalation toxicity

studies. Deferred and other chemicals

are recycled through the Committee's

computerized processes to identify

chemicals whose production volumes

have substantially changed. On the

following list of deferrals, chemicals

nos. I through 243 are alkynes,

chemicals nos. 244-269 are phosphonium

compounds, chemicals nos. 270-410 are

oxiranes, chemicals nos. 411 through 678

are alkoxysilanes, chemicals nos. 679

through 716 are isothiocyanates, and

chemicals nos. 717 through 830 are

hydrazines.

No. Chemical Name CAS No.

19-Norpregna-i,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol, 17.alpha ). ................................................................................................................

Ethyne ..............................................................................................................................................................................................................

Cyclohexanol, 1-ethynyl- ........................ .......................................................................................................................................................

2-Butyne-1,4-diamine, NN ,N ;'v-tetraethyl-. ...............................................................................................................................................

2-Penten-4-yn-l -o, 3-methyl. .........................................................................................................................................................................

1-Hexyn-3-ol .................. ................................................................................................................................................................................

1-Propyne, 3-bromo- ......................................................................................................................................................................................

3-Hexvn-2-ol ....................................................................................................................................................................................................

2-Octynolc acid, methyl ester ...............

2-Butyne- 1,4-diamine, NN,NJ-tetran

2-Nonynoic acid, methyl ester ..............

2-Butyne-1,4-diamine, NNV-diethyl .....

Cyclohexanol, I-ethynyl-, carbamate..,

Benzenemethanol, .alpha.-ethynyl-.alp

2-Butynedioic acid .................................

1,3-Butadiyne .........................................

2-Propynoic acid ....................................

Benzene, 1,1'-(1,2-ethynediyl)bis-. .......

2-Butyne .................................................

Benzene, ethynyl- .................................

netnvi-.. ......................... ........................................................................................................................................

'-Butyneatam ioe ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2-Butynoic acid ......................................................................................................................................................................................................

1-Propyne. 3-chloro-.... .. ...............

2-Propynal ............................................................................................................................

...................................

1-Pentvne .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1,5

1-1-

5-Hexadlyne ..........................................................................................................................

Heptvne ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

1 -Octyne.

1-Hexadecvne

Carbon monoxide ...............

2-Propynoic acid. 3-phenyl2-Butyne, 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafl

1-Hexyne ................................. 2-Butynedloic acid, dimethyl ester.

1-Decyne ...................................................

1-Dodecyne ...............................................

1 -Tetradecyne ...........................................

1 -Pentadecyne .......................................... 1 -Octyn-3-ol ...............................................

2-Butyne, 1,4-dichloro- .............................

1,7-Octadiyne ............................................

7-Octyn-l-ol ...............................................

Benzene, 1.1'-(1,3-butadiyne- 1,4-diyl)bis

3-Hexyn-l-ol ..............................................

5-Decyne-4,7-diol ......................................

I -Butyne, 3-chloro-3-methyl- ...................

2-Butyne-1,4-diol, diacetate ..............

57-63-6

74-86-2

78-27-3

105-18-0

105-29-3

105-31-7

106-96-7

109-50-2

111-12-6

111-53-5

111-80-8

112-22-1

126-52-3

127-6-2

142-45-0

460-12-8

471-25-0

501-5-5

503-17-3

536-74-3

543-21-5

590-93-2

624-65-7

624-7-9

627-19-0

628-16-0

628-71-7

629-05-0

629-74-3

630-08-0

637-44-5

692-50-2

693-02-7

762-42-5

764-93-2

765-03-7

765-10-6

765-13-9

818-72-4

821-10-3

871-84-1

871-91-0

886-66-8

1002-28-4

1070-40-2

1111-97-3

1573-17-7

.....................................

..............

..................... ............................................................................

--- ............. - --- ............. - --- .............

..., ............................................................

.........................................

..............................................................

.............................................................................

41220
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices 41221

No. Chemical Name CAS No.

48. 3-Penten-1-yne, 3-m ethyl-. ............................................. ........................................................................................................................................................... 1574-33-0

49. 1-Pentyne, 3-methylene- . . ......... ............................... 1574-34-1

50. 2-Butyn-1-ol, 4-(2-hydr oxypmo. ....................................... ................ 1507-7

51. 2-Propanol, 1,1'-(2-butynylenedioxy)bis 3-chloro. .............................................................................................. ................................................................. 1606-83-3

52. 1,9-Decadiyne ................................................................................................................................................. ......................................................................... 1720-38-3

53. 2-Propyn-1-ol, 34odo ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 17 2 5-82-2

54. 2-Propyn-l-ol, propionate ................................................................................................................................................................................... ...................... 1932-92-9

55. 1-Pentyn-3-ol, 3-methyl-1-phenyl-. ............. ........................................ . ....................................................................................... ...... 1966-65-0

56. 3-Butyn-2-ol ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2028-63-9

57. 2-Butyne, 1,4-dibrom o- .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2219-66-1

58. 1-Undecyne .. . . . . . . . . . ....................................................................................................................................................................... 2243-98-3

59. 1,6-Heptadiyne .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2396-63-6

60. 1,8-Nonadlyne . .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2396-65-8

61. 2-Propyn-l-am ine .. ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2450-71-7 62. 10-Undecyn-l-ol .................................................................................................................................................................................... :. ................. 2774-84-7 63. 1-Buten-3 yrie, 1-m ethoxy . ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2798-73-4

64. 3-Hexen--yne, (E) -..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2807-0 9-2

65. 3-Butyn-2-am ine, 2-m ethyl. ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 2978-58-7

66. Benzene, 2 m-tthynyl-3-nitro ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3034-94-4

67. Carbam ic acid, (3-chlorophenyl)-, 4-hydroxy-2-butynyl ester ................................................................................................. ............................................. 34 59-28-2 68. 1-Nonyne ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3452-0 9-3

69. Hydroperoxide, (1,1,4,4-tetram ethyl-2-butyne-1 ,4-diyl)bis- ...................................................................................................................................................... 3491-36-9

70. 2-Propyn-e -am ine, N.N-disthyl. ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4079-6-9

71. 1,10-Undecadiyne ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4117-15 - 1

72. Cyclohexanol, 1-ethynyl-, acetate ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 5240 -32-4

73. Cyclohexanol, -ethynyl-, prol.noate .................................................................................................................................................................................. 62.... 5445-76- 1

74. 2-Pentyn-1-ol ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6261-22-9

75. 2-Propyn-l-am ine, N N -dim ethyl . ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 7223-38-3

76. 2-Nonynoic acid, ethyl ester ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10031-92-2

77. Anthracene, 9,10-bis(phenyethynyl)-. ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 10075-8 - 1

78. 3-Pentyn-l-ol ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 10229-10-4

79. 2-Undecynoic acid, ethyl ester ................................................................................................................................................................................................ 10519-17-2

80. 2-Octynoic acid, ethyl ester ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10519-20-7

8 t. 2-Nony , dim ethyl acetal ................................................................................................................................................................................................... . 13257-44-8 82. 7-O ctyn-l -ol, acetate .................................................................................................................................. I ......................................................................... :...... 13860-68-9

83. 2-Propenoic acid, 2-m ethyl-, 2-propynyl ester ........................................................................................................................................................................ 13861-22-8

84. 1-Pentyne, 5-chloro- ............................................................................................................................ .. . .............................. 14267-92-

85. 9,10-Anthracenediol, 9,10-dihydro-9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)-. .................................................................................................................................................... 148 25-85-5

86. 3-O ctyn-1l-ol ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 14916-80-4

87. 2-Propanol, 1,3-bis(2-propynyloxy)-. ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 16169-22-5

88. 7-D odecyn-1l-ol, acetate ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16504-8 7-3

89. 2H-Pyran, tetrahydro-2-(7-octynyloxy)-. .................................................................................................................................................................................... 16695-31-1

90. 2H -Pyran, 2-(7-dodecynyloxy)tetrahydro-. ................................................................................................................................................................................. 16695-32-2

91. 3-Decyne, 10-chloro- ................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18295--64-2

92. 1-Propyne, 3-( -ethoxyethoxy)-. ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 18669-0 4-0

93. Naphthacene, 5,12-bls(phenylethynyl)-. .................................................................................................................................................................................... 18826-29-4

94. 2H-Pyran, t trahydro-2-(9-tetradecynyloxy)- ............................................................................................................................................................................. 19754-59- 7

95. 5-Hexyn-3-o t ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19780-84-8

96. 1,11-Dodeca ediyne ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 20521-44-2

97. 1-Butyne, 3-chloro- ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21020-24-6

98. 2-Pentyne, 1-chloro- .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 22592-15-0

99. 1-O ctyn-3-ol, 3-m ethyl- ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 23580-51-0

100. 1-O ctyne, 8-chloro. ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24088-97-9

101. 6-Nonen-1-yn-3-ol, 3,7-dim ethyl-. .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 24173-47-5

102. 2H-Pyran-2-one, tetrahydro-6-(2-pentynyl). .........................................................................................................

25448-66-2

103. 1-Triddecyne ...................................................................................................................................................................... ............................................................ 26186-02-7

104. 8-Dodecyn-1l-ol, a e tate ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 26906-26-3

105. 1-Undecyne, 11-chloro- .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 29043-93-4

106. 6-O cten-1-yn-3-ol, 3,7-dim ethyl- ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 29171-20- 8

107. 6- coen- -yn-3-ol, 3,7-dirnethyl-, ac tate ............................................................................................... ............................................................................. 29171-21- 108. Cyclohtexanam ine, I1-ethynyl- ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 30389- 18- 5

109. 6-O cten-1-yne, 3-(1-ethoxyeth oxy)-3,7-dim eth yl-. ................................................................................................................................................ 31180-77-5

110. 5,12-Naphthacenediol, 5,12-dihydro-5,12 ls(phenylethynyl).. .............................................................................................................................................. 31559-43-0 1 ar A U ,, - . - , .wi ..........------.-- i j . ...... ..... .

112.

113.

114.

115.

116.

117.

118.

119.

120.

121.

122.

123.

124.

125.

126.

127.

128.

129.

&m "~ ~ ~ "I , W' k[I~ I O~"II U l IIdlZWIIWI IUn d1Uj[I ........................................................................... ..............................................................................

3-Butyn-2-ol, 2-m ethyl-4-(3-nltrophenyl)-. ................................................................................................................................................................................ I1-Butyne, 4,4-dimethoxy.. .................................................................................................. ..................... ................................................................. .................

11-Tetradecyn-l-o ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................

Cholest-S-en-3-ol (3.beta.)-, 2-propynyl carbonate ............................................................................... I .............................................................................

5-Dodecyne, -chloro-. ............................................................................................................................... .............................................................................

7-Octadecyne, 2-methyl .................................................... . . . . . . . . ............... . ............................................

Cyclohexariol, CyTioexnol Cyclohexanol, e........................aetae............................................................................ I1-ethynyl-2-(1-m 1-ethynyl-2-(1 -methylpropyl)-, ethyfpropyl)- . ................ 

acetate. ............................................................................................ . . . . . . . ........................ ..... ............................... ............................. ........ 9-Tricosyne ..................... ........................................................... ; ............................................................... ........................................... ...... ......................... ......

4-Octyn-3-ol, 3-m ethyl-6-m ethylene- ........................................................................................................................................................................................

2-Butyn-l-ol, 4-(tetrahydro-3-thienv)oxy - , S.S-dioxide.......................................................................................................................................................

Anthracene, 1-chloro-9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)-. ................

7-Hexadecyne. 1,1-dimethoxy-. .........................................

7-Dodecyn-1-ol ...............................

5-Dodecyne, 12-chloro- .......................................

12-Tetradecen4yn.1-o1, (E) ........................

2H-Pyran, 2-(9-dodecynyloxy)terahydro- .......

2H-Pyran, 2-(5-decynyloxy)tetrahydro..................

32527 -15- 33432-52-9

3363945-1

33925-73-4

33985-07-8

35087-20-8

35354-38-2

37172-05-7

37172-89-7

39487-0-6

40454-29-3

40456-28-8

41105-35-5

41862-85-5

41862-94-6

42513-36-0

42521-44-4

50816-21-2

51652-45-0

...............................................................................................

q .....................................

...............................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................................................

...............................................................................................

................................ ;
41222 Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

Chemical Name

4122 Feea eitr/Vl 5,N.I0/ ody ugs 9 9 /Nt.e

2H-Pyran, tetrahydro-2-(10-undecynyloxy)- . ........ . .........

S1-Hexadecen-7-yn-1-ol. acetate. (E) ............................

11-Hexadecen-7-yn-1-ol, acetate, (2)- .......................... ! ,5-Decadiyne . ......... .. ........ ... .................. ..................

5-Decen-1 -yne, (E)- ................... ....................... ..........

Benzenamine,, 3-ethynyl-. ...........................................

6,10-Dodecadien--yn-3-o, 3,7,11-trimethyl-. .................

5-Decyne. 1-chloro- . ....................

2-/-Pyran, tetrahydro-2-(11-tetradecen-9-ynyloxy)-. (E)-

6-Henelcosyn- 1 -one ........... ......................... 8-Heneicnsvn- 1-ot..............................

Carbarnic acid, butyl-, 3-li

Cyctopentanone. 2-(2-pen

5,9-Hexadecediyne, 16-c

5-Nonen-3-yne, 9-bromo5-Dodecen-3-yne, 12-(1- 7-Dodecen-9-vn-1 -oi. lflodo-2-propynyl ester

ntyny -..................... - iloro-......................

h(oAo. ..................................... ethoxyethoxy)-, (E)-.................

9-Tetadecyn-l- ................................................

1-Pentyne, 5-(l-ethoxyethoxy)- .............................

2-Hexyn-1-ol, 6-(1-ethoxyethoxy)-. ................................

4-Tridecen-7-yne, 1-(1-ethoxyethoxy)-, (E)-..................

4-Tridecen-7-yn-l-ol, (E)-. ................................ 7,11-Hexadecadiyn-1 -ol, acetate_ '

6-Octen-4-yn-3-ol. 3,6-dimethyl- ..................................

1-Butyne, 4-chloro-3-methy- ................ ...........

2H-Pyran, 2-(8-dodecynyloxy)tetrahydi.o- ...............

6-Octen-1-yn-3.ol, 3.7-dimethyl-. propanoate .............

2H-Pyran, tetrahydro-2-(13-octadecen-3-ynyoxy)-, (2)-

2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-butyne-1.4-diyl ester.

6-Dodecyne-5.8-diol, 2,5,8,11-tetramethyl-............

5-Decyn-l-o ...............................................................

2-Pentyne. 1-(1-ethoxyethoxy)-. .............

Cyclopentanecarboxylic acid, 2-oxo-1-(2-pentynyl)-, me

2-Nonynoic acid. 3-hexenyl ester, (2)-. .....................

2H-Pyren, tetrahydro-2-(12-tetradecen-9-ynyloxy)-, (E)-

11-Tetradecen-9-yn-l-o, (E)- .........................................

14-Nonacosyne . ............... ................

2-Octynoic acid, 3-methylbutyt ester ............................

2-Octynoic acid, 3-hexenyl ester, (2)- .............................

-1,3-Dioxepin, 5,6-didehydro-2-hexyl-4.7-dihydro- ...........

Cyciohexane. (ethynyloxy)-A ......... ... ... . ..............

3-Butyn-2-ol. 4-(3-aminophenyt)-2-methyl-.... ................

5-Hexadecen-9-yne, 16-chloro-, (E)-. ...........................

2H-Pyran, tetrahydro-2-( 1-tetradecynyloxy)- ............. 2H-Pyran, 2-(11-dodecynyloxy)tetrahydro- .................... 9-Dodecvn-l-ol ...................-...............

ethl.. er............................. ........................ _. ..... ..... ....................... ...................................

thy[.es.r.............. .... .. .. ........ .. ... ................. .................................... ................. :.......... ........

.............................. e..................... ................ ................................................................ -........

7-Pentadecyne, 1-chloro-13-methyl-. ..................................

3-Tridecyne, 13-chlor ................................................ - 5-Tridecyne, 13-chloro-. ....................................

5-Hexadecyne, 16.16-dimethoxy-. ..................................

3-Decyn-1-ol. 10-choro ................. . ........... 3.5-Pentadecadlyne, 15-chloro- .....-..............

6-Pentadecyne. 1-chloro- ......................................................

7-Pentadecyne, 15-chloro- ................. ....... .............. I-Undecyne. 11-bromo- ..... ..................................... 3-Nonyne, 8,8-dimethoxy-. ..................................................

2H-Pyren, tetrahydro-2-(12-tetradecen-9-ynyloxy)-. .............. 5-Hexadecyne, 16,16-diethoxy-. ... ............. ... 2H-Pyran, tetrahydro-2-[(3,13-tetradecadyny)oxy]-. ........... 5-Tetradecyne. 14.14-dimethoxy-............ ....................

5-Tetradecyne, 14,14-diethoxy. .........................................

3-Octadecen-13-yn-l-ol; acetate, (E)-. ................................. 12-Tetradecen-9-yn-l-ol, acetate, (E)- .-............................. 1-Octyne, 1-bromo-8-chloro- .............................................. 1-Undecyne, 1-bromo-11-chloro ........................................ -

7-Hexadecyne, 16,16-diethoxy-. ...........................................

7-Hexadecyne, 16,16-dimethoxy-. .......................................... 2H-Pyran, tetrahydro-2-(3-tetradecen.13ynyloxy)-, (E)- ......

5-Pentadecyne, 15-chloro- ..... ................................. 3-Tetradecyne, 14.14-dimethoxy-. ......... ............. 1-Nonyne, 7-methyl-. . ..............................

8-Hexadecyne, 1,1 -dimethoxy-14-methyl-. ............................

8-1-exadecyne, 1.1-diethoxy-14-methyl- ...............................

3-Tetradecyne, 14,14-diethoxy-. ...................................

2H-Pyran, tetrahydro-2-(3,13-octadcadiynyloxy) ................

3;13-Octadecadiyn-1-ol, acetate ........................................... 2/-i-Pyran, 2-[(10-chloro-3-decynyl)oxy]tetrahydro. .............

3,5-Dodecadiyne, 12-chloro- .......................................... 3,5-Hexadecadiyne, 16.16-diothoxy-. ........ . .............. 1,11-Hexadecadiyne ....-.................................................

2H-Pyran, 2-(11,13-hexadecadiynytoxy)tetrahydro-..............

13-Octadecen-3-yn-1-ol, acetate, (2)- .................

CAS No.

........ .................... ...... .......

........................... .... . .. .. ......... ..................... ...... ........ ..............

.............. ... ..... ... ...........

...... ........ ..... . ..........

...........................................

. . .. .. ..... .. . .......................... . ............................... ...........

............ ..... . ... ....... . .. ..................................... ........

....... . ...... . .. . ...... . ...... .... . .. ............. ............. ........ ...............

... .......... : .............

.. . .............. . ............ .................. .......

51953-88-9

53042-78-7

53042-80-1 /

53963-03-4

53963-07-8

54060-30-9

54325-12-1

54377-34-3

54664-77-6

54844-69-8

54844-70-1

55406-53-6

57026-62-7

58444-07-8

58763-65-8

58763-67-0

58763-68-1

60037-69-6

61565-19-3

61565-20-6

81565-23-9

61565-4-0

62103-12-2

62851-70-1

63150-17-4

64604-68-8

65416-30-0

67616-77-7

67905-43-5

68227-33-8

68274-97-5

68480-09-1

68480-23-9

68480-29-i

68516-29-0

68516-32-5

68516-35-8

68555-60-2

68698-58-8

68797-69-3

68877-57-6

69088-96-6

70682-66-5

71084-06-5

71084-07-6

71084-08-7

71317-61-8

71317-62-9

71317-3-0

71317-64-1

71317-65-2

71317-68-5

71317-69-6

71317-70-9

7131-7-72-1

71317-76-5

71317-77-6

71393-93-6

71393-94-7

71393-97-0

71393-98-1

71393-99-2

71394-01-9

71487-12-2

71487-13-3

71487-14-4

71487-15-5

71566-58-0

71566-60-C

71566-61-5

7156665-9

71566-66-0

71566-67-1

71598-29-3

71673-25-1

71673-26-2

71673-29-5

71673-30-

71673-31-9-

?'71673-32-0

71673-33-1

71832-74-1

..................... ..... ...... . .........................................

........... ..... ..... . ................ ......................................

..................... . ............ . ............ ................................

........................ ........... .................................... .....................................................

..............................................................

..................... .... ; .......................................... ; ..................................

.............................................. ; ................................. ; ................................ : ...............................

......................................................................... ;,*A ... ............. ;,.."........

I .............. I I .......................... ............. ;.; .................. ; .................................................... .
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No.. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices 41223

No. Chemical Name CAS No.

212. 1-Hexen-5-yne, 2-bromo- ............................ ............................................................................................................................................................................... 72121-84-7

213. 1-Dodecyn-3-ol, 3-methyl-, acetate ............................... ........................................................................................................................................................... 72152-85-3

214. Propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 1-ethynylcyclohexyl ester ......................................................................................................................... ...... I ......................... 72230-92-3 215. 2-Nonynoic acid, 2-propenyl ester ............ ............................ ...... .............................................. .. .................................. :. ......................... 72939-63-0

216. Propionitrile, 3-[(1.I-dimethyl-2-propynyl)oxy]-. ..................................................................................................................... .............. ............................. 15496-08-9

217. 2-Butynedioic acid, monopotassium salt.............................. q ........................................................................................................................................ 928-04-1

218. Silane, ethynyltrimethyl- ................................................................................................................ ......................................................................................... 1066-54-2

219. Carbonic acid, decynyl methyl ester ......... ........................................... ................... 1322-34-5

220. 2-Propyn-l- , 3-(trimethylsify)-. ................................................ ............................................................ ................................................................................. 5272-36-6

221. Silane, trimethyl(2-propynyoxy)- ............................................. .................................................................................................................................................. 5582-62-7

222. Silane, triethoxyethynyl .. .............................. ............................................................................................... ............................................ ; ........................ 5700-28-7

223. Cyclopentanol. 1,1'-(1,3-butadiyne-1,4-diyl)bis-. .................................................................... ..................................... ........ ............... 7179-09-1

224. 2-Propenoic acid, 2-propynyl ester ........................................ ; ................................................................................................................................................ 10477-47-1

225. Silane, tdmethyl-2-propynyl-. ..................................................................................................................... ..................... .. ....... ...................... . ............ 13361-64-3

226. Silane, 1,2-ethynedylbis[trmethyl.. ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 14630-40-1

227. Cyclopentanol, -ethynyl-. ....................................... w .................................................................................................. : ............................... ...................... .17356-19-3

228. Silane, 1,2-ethynediylbistchlorodimethyl-. .......................................................... ............................. : ............................................................................ 18156-91-7

229. Hexyne ..................................................................................... .................................... ........................................................................................................... 26856-30-4

230. 1-Propyne-l-sulfonic acid, sodium sat .................................................................................................................................................................................... 28672-98-2 231. Benzene, diethynyl-. ............................................................................................................................................................. 232. 1-Prope nesulfonlc acid, 2-hydroxy-3-[(4-hydroxy-2-butynyl)oxy]-,monosodium ..... ..................... ..... ....................... 30700-96-0 salt ............................................................. : .................................. : 35193-14-7

233. Methanesulfonic acid, fluoro-, 2-propynyl ester ................................................................................................................................................................... 41029-46-3

234. Silane, (7-dodecen-9-ynyloxy)trimethyl-, (E)-. .......................................................................................................................................................................... 58763-69-2

235. 9,10-Antracenediol, 9,10-dihydro-9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)-, di-lithium salt ......................................................................................................................... 67845-99-2

236. 1-Propanesultonic acid, 2-hydroxy-3-[(3-hydroxy-l-propynyl)oxy]-,monosodium salt ........................ .............................................................................. 67874-61-7

237. 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 3,3-[2-butyne-1,4-diyibis(oxy)]bis[2-hydroxy-], disodium salt ..................................................................................................... 67874-62-8 238. Magnesium, bromo[8-[(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]-l-octynyt] .............................................................................. ; ....................................................... 68516-36-9 239. 1,4-Benzenedimethanol, .alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.',.alpha.'-tetia-methyl-, compd. with (1,1,4,4-tetramethyl-2-butyne-1,4-diy ............................................ 70833-4 1-9

240. Benzeneacetic acid, 2-propynyl ester ............................................................................................................................................................................. 72928-39-3

241. 2-Octynoic acid, 2-propenyl ester ...............................................................................................................

73157-43-4 242. Silane, tris[(1,-imethyt-2-propynyl)oxy] methy- ................................................................................................................................................................ 83817-71-4

243. 24 . 2-Nnynoic Phosphonium acid, ttra 2-methylpr'opyl s(hydroxymethyl)., ester.... chlorde ............... ...................................... ............................................................................................................................................................... 84282-44-0 ............................................................................................................................. 124-64-1

245. Phosphonium, [3-meto--(2,8,6-trimethyl.1cyclohexenr1-y)-2,4-pentadieny]tripheny-,sulfate (1:1) .......................................................... 751-83-7

248. Phosphonium, e thyltriphenyl-, chloride....... ............ ............................ . ................................................. ................................................... 896-33-3

247. Phosphonium, [1,4-phenylenebis(methylene)bis(triphery dichloride ............................ : .................... ; ............................. . . . . ..... 1519-47-7 248. Phosphonium, tdphenyl(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)-, chloride......... .......................... .................... ..................................................... .................................... 1530-35-4 249. Phosphonium, tibutyl-2-propenyl-, chloride ........................................ ........................................................................... ..................................................... 1530-48-9

250. Phosphonium, methyltriphenyl-, bromide. i ............................................................................. .......................................................................................... 1779-49-3

Phosphonium, tetrabuty , chloride ... .................................................. ............................................................................. ............... ........................... 2304-30-5 252. Phosphonium, tetrabutyl-, bromide ............................................................................................................................................ .......................................... 3115-68-2 253. Phosphonium, tetrakls(hydroxymethyl)-, acetate (salt) ......................................................................................... ........................................ ..................... 7580-37-2

254. Phosphonium, 1,2-ethanediylbis[tris(2-cyanoethyl)-, dibromide .............................................................................................................. 10310-38-0

255. Phosphonium, tributylhexadecyl-, bromide ................................................................................................................................... ; .......................................... 14937-45-2

256. Phosphonium, triphenyl(phenylmethyl) ................................................................................................................................................................................... 15853-35-7 257. Phosphonium, tetrabutyl-....................................................................................................................................... .. ... .................... .. ... 15853-37-9

25 . Phosphonium, (2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)triphen yl-, chloride ................................................................................................. ..................................................... 17577-28-5

2 . Phosphonium, tetrabutyl, acetate, monoaetate ...... ...................................................................................................................................................... 26 . Phosphonium, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-, phosphate (3:1) (salt) .................................................. ... 17786-43-5 ......................... ................................................................. 22031-17-0

261. PhoSphonium, ethyltriphenyl. ................................................ ................................................................................................................................................. 39895-79-9

262. Phosphonium, [

3

-methyl-5-(2,6,6-tdmethyf-l-cyclohexen-1yl)-2,4.pentadienyl t]ipheny.. ............................................................................................... 47739-07-1

263. Phosphonium, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)-, ethanedioate (2:1) (salt) .......................................................................................................... ......... :................. 52221-67-7 264. Phosphonium, ethyltrioctyl-, bromide ............................................................................................................................................................................. 56022-37-8

265. Phosphonium, tetrabutyl-, salt with 1,3-di ethyl 5-sulfo-1,3-benzenedicarboxylate (1:1) ............................................................................................... 59514-43-1 268. Phosphonium, nonyltriphenyl-, bromide ............................................................................................................................. .......................... 60902-45-6

267. Phosphonium, [(2-methylphenyl)methyl]triphenyl-, chloride .................... ............................................................................................. ............... 63366 8-36-5

268. Phosphonium, triphenyl(phenylmethyl)-, (11-4)-ttrachlorocadmate(2-) (2:1) ....................................................................... .............................................. 68 214-25-5 26 . Phosphonium, (,4-nitrophonyl)tdphenyl-, chloride ....... .............................................................................................. ......................................... ; ....................... 72796-90-B

270. Oxiranecarboxylic acid, 3-methyl-3-phenyl, ethyl ester ...................................................................... .......................................................................... 77-83-8

271. 7-Oxabicyclo 4.1.0 heptane, 1-methyl-4-(2-methyloxiranyl).. .......... ............................................. .............................. I............. I ............... 96-08-2 272. Oxiraneoctanoic acid, 3-octyl-, butyl ester. ............................................................................. .................................... ........................... ..................... 106-83-2 273. Oxiraneoctanoic acid, 3-octyl-, octyl ester .. . .................... ...... .............................. 4 .................. 106-84-3 274. 2-Propenoic acid, oxiranylmethyl ester...... ...... ......... . ......................................... .......................................... ...................... .. ............. 10.-9 106-90-1 275. Oxiranecarboxylic acid, 3-phenyl., ethyl ester .......................................................... ....................... ........................................................................... 121-39-1

276. Disiloxane, 1,1.3,3-tetramethyl-1 ,3-bis(3-(oxiranylmethoxy)propyl-.............. ....... 128-80-7 acid 3-octyl-, 2-ethyhexyl ester ............ ..... . ...... .Oxiraneoctanoic ................................................ ...... .. ........ ... . ..... 141-38-8 278. 8-Oxabicyclo Oxirne,2,2-imehyl- 3.1.0 hexane................................ ................ ......... ...... .. .... ... ........ .............................. ................................................. .. ......................... 285-67-6.... ..................... 25-67- 279. Oxirane, 22-dimethyl- ....... ............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....... . . 556 -30-5

280. Oxirane, tetrafluoro-........................;.. 694-17-7 281. Oxirane, ethenyl. ........... ................................. ...... .................................................................................................................. 930-22-3 282. Oxirane, (methoxymethyl)- ................... *.................................................................................................... . ................................. 930-37-0

284. 28 . 5-Oxatricyco 7-Oxabicyco 4.1.0 8.2.0.04,6 heptane, doe ane, l-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-. 41 -methyl et yl......................................................................................... 

................................................................................. 1139-30-6 ................................................................ 1195-92-2

285. 5-Oxatricyclo 8.2.0.04,6 dodecane, 4.9,12,12-tetramethyl- .................................................................................................................................................. 1209-61-6

286. 2,2-Bioxraene ............................................................... ....................................................................................................... 1464-53-5

287. Oxiranepentanol, .gamma.,3,3-trmethyl . . . ........................ ............ .. ..................................... .. . .............. ...................................... 154A-98-3 288. Oxiranemethanamine, N-(oxiranylmethyl)-N-phenyle ........ ............. .......................................... ....................................... ................. ............................ 2095-06-9 289. Oxirane, 2,2- [1,2-ethanediylbis(oxymethylene)]bis. ............................................................................................................................................................ 2224-15-9

290. 6-Oxabicyclo 3.1.0 hexane, 2,2-oxybis-. .............................................................................................................................................. 9 . Oxirane, octyl- ............................................ ........................................................................... ................................. 2386-90-5 ............................................. 24 4 4_ 29. Oraoct-..... .............................................................. ........... 2404-44-8 Oxirane, 2,2- [1,4-phenylenebis(oxymethylene) ]bis- ............................................................................................................................................ 2425-01-6

293. Oxirane. decyl. ............................................................................. * ............... I ................................................................................. ; ....................................... 2855-19-a
325.

326.

327.

328.

329.

330.

331.

332.

333.

334.

335.

336.

337.

338.

339.

340.

341.

342.

343.

344.

345.

346.

347.

348.

349.

350.

351.

352.

353.

354.

355.

356.

357.

358.

359.

360.

361.

362.

363.

364.

365.

366.

367.

368.

369.

370.

371.

372.

373.

374.

375.

Oxirane, (hexadecyloxy)methyl-. ..........................................

Oxirane. (octadecyloxy)methyl . ...........................................

O xiranecarboxylic acid, 3-(4-m ethoxyphenyl)-, ethyl ester ................................................................................................................................................. Silane, ethoxydim ethylf3-(oxiranylm ethoxy)pro ylJ . .................................................................................................................................................

15965-99-8

16245-97-9

16546-01-3

17963-04-1

Oxirane, tridcyl-................................................................................ ;....................................................... ........ ....................... .............. I.............................. 18633-25--5

Oxirane, (2,4-dibromophenoxy)methyl ................................................................................................................................................................................... 20217-01-0 Cedrane, a,15-epoxy- .......................................................................................................................................................... ............................................... .... - 220M7-4 8-3

Oxirane, enladecyt- ................ ........... .............................................................................................................. 2..............................................................

22092-38-2

Oxirane, [(2,6-dibromo-4-methylphenoxy)methy]. ................................................................................................................................................................ . 22421-59-6

2,5-Methano-2H-indeno[l,2-b]orenol, octahydro- ............................................................................................................................................................... 26616-34-2

4a.7-Methano-4aH-naphth 1,8a-b oxirene, octahydro-4,4,8,8-tetra-methyl-,laR-(la.alpha.,4a.alpha.,7.alpha.,8aS°

) ............................................... 26619-69-2

3-Oxatdcyclo 5.1.0.02,4 octane, 5,8,8-trimethyl-. ................................................................................ ............... .................... 27867-36-3

Oxiranemethanamine, N,N-(methylenedi-4,1-phenylene)bis N-(oxiranyimethyl)- .............................................................................................. ... 28768-32-3

Oxirane, 2,2-dimethylo3-(3-methyfne.4-pentenyQ . ............................................................................................................................................................. 29414-55-9

Cedrane, 8,9-epoxide- .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 29597-36-2

Oxirane, 2decyl-3-(5-methylhexy)-, cis-. ................................................................................................................................................................................. 29804-22-6

2,4-imidazolidinedione, 5,5-dlmethyl-3-[2-(oxiranylmethoxy)propyll- 1-(oxiranylmethyl)-. ................... ............ ......... ...................... 32568-89-1

Oxirane, (1,2-dibromopropoxy)methyl -.............................................................................................................................................. .................................... 35243-89-1

3-Cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 4-[2-(3,3-dimethyloxiranyl)ethyl]-. .............................................................................................................................. 37677-09-1

3-Cyclohexene-1-carboxaldehyde, 3-[2-(3,3-dimethyloxiranyl)ethyl]-. ................................... 3...7............4....................................

37677-10-4

2,4-lmidazolidinedione, 3,3'-[2-(oxranylmethoxy)-1,3-propanediy]-bis 5,5-dimethyl.-1-(oxranylmethyl). .... . ............................................. .... 38304-52-8

IH,4H-3a,8a-Epoxy-4,7-methanoazulene, hexahydro-1,4,10,10-tetra-methyl-, (1.alpha.,3a.beta.,4.alpha.,7.alpha.,8a.beta.) ................... .. 38337-32-5

Oxirane, (2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,807,7,7-tddecafluorohepty). ............................................................. ................................................................................... 38565-52-5

Oxirane, (tetradecytoxy)methyl -. ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 38954-75-5

Oxirane, 2,2-[mefftenebis(phenyeneoxymethylene)]bis ................................................................................................................................................ 39817-09-9

Oxiranemethanamine, N-(2-methylpheny)-N-(oxranylmethyl) ....................................................... ........... . .................................... . ..... 40027-50-7

Oxirane, (5-methoxy-1,5-dimethylhexyl). ............................................................................................................................................................................... 40454-19-1

Spiro 1,4-meth noazulene-9,2'-oxirane , decahydro-4,8,8-trimethyl- ................................................................................................................................... 41530-82-9

Oxiranepropanol, .alpha.-ethenyl-.alpha.,3,3-trimethyl-, acetate .................................................................................................................................... 41610-76-8

Oxirane, 2,2'-[oxybis[(methyl-2,1-ethanediyl)oxymethylene] Ibis-. ............................. * ...................... . . ............. 41638-13-6

Spiro 1,4-methanonapthalene-2(1H),2"-oxlrane, 3,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexa-hydro-3',6-dimethyl- ................................................................................ ...... 41723-98-2

2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, (2-methyloxlranymethyl ester ........................ ......................................................................................................................... 41768-20-1

Spiro 1,4-methanonaphthalene-2(1H),2-oxirane , 3,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-3',7-dimethyl .................................................................... . .... 41816-03-9

Oxiranecar iy c acid, 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-, methyl ester ............................................. ...................................... . ............ ............... 42245-42-1

Oxirane, 2.3-bis(chloromethyi)-, trans- ........................................................................................ ........................................ ..................................... .. 45467-40-1

Oxirane. 2,3-bls(chloromethyl)-, c e cis ............................................................................................................................. ......................................................... 50703-46-3

4a.7-Ethano-4aH-naphth 1,8a-b oxirene, octahydro-4,4,7-trmethy- .............................................................................................................................. .. 51115-88-9

Oxiranecarboxylic acid, 3-(4-methylphenyl)-, ethyl ester ..................................................................................................................................................... 52788-71-3

Phenol, 2-methoxy-4-(oxiranylnethyl)-. ................................................................................................................................................................................. 53940-49-1

Oxirane, (9-octadecenyoxy)methyl -. (2). ............................................................................. ........................................................................................... 60501-41-9

Oxirane, 4-(-methyl phenyl phenoxy methyl ........................................................................................... ...................................................... 61578-04-9

Oxiranemethanaminium, N,/Vdimethyl-N°[2-[(2-methyl-l-oxo-2-propenyl)oxy]ethylJ-, chloride .......................... . . . . ... 62351-05-7 3.Heptanone, 4-methyl-6-o ranyt ................. * ........................................................................... ............................... . . . .... .. ....................................... .............. 63324-22-1

1,3-Benzenedimethanamine, NN, /-tetrakis(oxiranylmethyl). ......................................................................................................................................... 63738-22-7

Oxiranecarboxylic acid, 3-(4,8-d methy-7-noneny)-3-methyl. .......................................................................................................................................... 65416-34-4

Oxiranecarboxyic acid, 3-mefftyl-3-octy. ......................................................................................................................................................... ....... 65416-35-5

Oxiranecarboxlic acid, 3-methyl-3-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl). ........................................................................................................................................ 65416-36-6

1,3-Cyclohexanedlmet hanamlne. NN," -ttrakis(oxiranytmethyl-). .................................................................................. ............. ..... ...... 65992 6-7

Oxiraneethanol, 3.etP .................................................................................................... ............. ............................................................................. 676 3-02-9

IH,4H-3a,8a-Epoxy-4,7-rmethanoazutene, hexahydro-1,4,10 t0-tetramethyl. ..................................................... .............................. . . 67710-71-8

Oxirane, heptadecyl-. ........................ ......................................... . . ............................................................................................................... 67860-04-2

(

..............................

41224 Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19; 1991 / Notices

No. Chemical Name CAS No.

294. 3-Oxatricyclo 3.2.1.02,4 octane, 6-ethenyl ............... ....................... 2886-87-6

295. Silane, diethoxymethyl[3-(oxiranylmethoxy)propyl]-. ...................................... . ..... 6 ............... 2897-60-1

296. Oxiranemethanaminium, NN,N-trimethyl-, chloride .................................................................................................

3033-77-0

297. Oxirane, 2,2-((1-methylethylidene)bis((2,6.dibromo.4,1-phnylene)-oxymethylene))bis ................................- 3072-84-2

298. Oxirane, (22,2-trichloroethy- .................................................................................................................

........ 3083-25-8

299. Oxirane, (bromomethyl)-. ....................................................................................................................

3132-64-7

300. Benzenemethanol, 5-[1-methyl-l-[4-(oxiranylmethoxy)phenylethyl]-2-(oxiranytmethoxy)-. ......................................................................

3188--83-8

301. Oxirane, dodecyl ........................................................................................ ................................................... ...........................................................

3234-28-4

303. Oxirane, 1(octloymethyl]..... ....................................................... ............. ... 356-

30. Oxirane, ddec ai c cd.3me th yl . ............................................................................................................ : ................................................ 3266-23-7

305. Oxirane," [(ocyloxy)methyl-..................... .. ... .... ..................................................................... 3385-66-8 304. O'xiranedodecanoic acid, 3-octyl-, cis- ...........................................................................................................

................ ...... 3420-36-8

305. Oxirane, [(docycloxy)methyll .................................................................................................................

.........................-... 3497-06-1

306. 2-Propanol, 1,3-bis(oxiranylmethoxy)-. ...........................................................................................................

3568-29-4

307. Oxirane, (ethoxymethyl). ....................................................................................................................

............................ 4016-11-9

308. Oxirane. (1-methylethoxy)methyl ..............................................................................................................

4016- 14-2

309. 1-Oxaspiro 2.5 oct-5-ene, 2,2,6-trimethyl-. ........................................................................................................

4584-23-0

310. Oxirane, tetramethyl-. ......................................................................................................................

5076-20-0

311. Oxirane, (4-nitrophenoxy)methyl .............................................................................................................

. 5. 5255-75-4

312. 1 H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione, 2-(oxiranylmethyl) .................................................................. 5455-98-1

313. Oxirane, ((hexyloxy)methyl). .................................................................................................................

5926-90-9

314. Propane, 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nonylphenoxy). .........................................................................................................

6178-32-1

315. Spiro bicyclo 3.1.1 heptane-2,2.oxirane , 6,6-dimethyl-. ..............................................................................................

6931-54--0

316. 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(oxiranylmethyl) ester ........................................................................ ............................................................

7195-45-1

317. Oxirane, hexadecyl- .......................................................................................................................

7390- 1-0

318. Trisiloxane, 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyl-3-[3-(oxiranylmethoxy)-propyl- ....................................................................................

7422-52-8

319. Oxirane, 2,2' [1,2,3.propanetdytris(oxymethylene)]triso. ............................................................................................

13236-02-7

320. Oxirane. 2,2".(oxiranylmethoxy)-1,3-phenylene bis(methylene) bis ............................................................ .............................................................

13561-08-5

321. 2H-2a,7-Methanoazuleno 5,6-b oxirene, octahydro-3.6,6,7a-tetra-methyl-, laS-(la.alpha.,2a.beta.,3.alpha.,Sa.alpha.,7.b ......................................... 13567-39-0

322. 13-Oxabicyclo 10.1.0 trideca-4,8-dione, 1,5,9-trimethyl. ..............................................................................................

... . . 13786-79-3

323. 13-Oxabicyclo 10.1.0 trideca-4,8-diene, 2,6,10-trimethyl-. .......................................................................... ............................................... . ... 14840-89-2

324. 2,4-midazolidinedione, 5,5-dimethyl-l,3-bis(oxiranylmethyl). ...........................................................................................

15336-81-9
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices 41225

NO. Chemical Name CAS No.

376. Oxiranecaiboxylc acid, 3-methyl-3-[2-(2,6,6-trtmethyl-2-cyclo-hexen-1-yl)ethenyl]-, methyl ester . ..................................................... 67905-40-2

377. 2-4,7a-Ethanonaphth 1,2-b oxtrene, octahydro-3a.4,7b-trmethyl-. ............................................................................................................... . 67919-67-9

378. 4a,7-Methano-4aH-naphth t,8a-b oxirene, octahydro-4,4,8,8-totamethyl- ....................................................................................................... ...- 67999-56-8

379. Oxrane, (1,3-dimethylbutoxy)methyl .. . . .................................................................................................................................... ....................... 68134-06-5

380. Oxrane, (6-methylheptyl)oxy metty -. .. . .................................................................................................... ... . .......... 68134-07-6

381. Pyrddum, 2-a ino-I-(oxiranylmethyl)-, chloridde ................................................................................................................................................................. 68258-96-8

382. Tanium, trils[0-(3-hexyloxfranyl)-9-decenoato-O1](2-properolto)-,(r4). ................................................................................................................. 68443-39-0

383. Thanium, tiis(3-octylot anoato-O.alpha.)(2-propanoato).,(T-4)-. ................................................ 68443-40-3

384. 2,4-midazoldinedione, -ethyl-5-(2-methylbuty)-1,3-bis(oxiranyl-methyl)- ...................................... ..... ............................................................ 68444-05-3

385. Oxlrane, 2,2,2-[pmpyld etr 4,1-pheryfoneoxymethytene)]tls .............................................................................................................................. 68517-02-2

386. Titanium, [hydroxyacetato(2-)-O1,02[(isooctadecanoato-O)]l 1-[3-(2-pentenyl)odranyt]-9-undeconoato-O1 ....................................... 68739-04-8

387. Titanium, tris[8-[2-(2,5-oct n xiranyl]octenoato-O1](2-propanoato)-, (T4) ........................................................................................ 68784-66-1

388. Titanium, tris[11-(2-2-pentenyt)oxlmnyl]-9-undecenoato-O1](2-propanolato)-, (T-4)- ...................... .......... 68797-79-5

389. 3H-Naphth 1,8a-b oxiren-7-ol, octahydro-4,4,7-trimethy- ............................................................................................................................................... 68845-01-2

390. Oxknecatoxylic acid, 2-phenyleth ester ................................. : ......................................................................................................................... 6........ 68892-14-8

391. Oxiranecarboxylic acid, 3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-, ethyl ester ...................................................................................................................................... ......... 68922-02-1

392. Cyclopropa 5,6 naphth 1,8a-b oxirene, decahydro-1,7,7,7b-tetra-methyl-, 1R-(1.alpha,3abeta.,4aR,6a-apha,7a.alpha .............. ...................... 68926-75-0

393. Oxrane, 2,2,2-[1,2,6-hexaneiylts(oxymethylene)]tris- ..................................................................................................................................................... 68959-23-9

394. 2-Furanan*ium, tetrahydro-NN-dimethy-N-(oxanylmethy)-,ciloride ........................................................................................................................... 68959-27-3

395. Titanium, trs[3-(2-octenyl)oxiraneoctanoato-O.alpha.J(2-propanolato)-, (-4)- .......................................................................................................... 69089-43-6

396. Titanium, (hydroxe o-1,O2)(isooctadecanoato-O)(3-octyf-oxiraneoctanoato-O.alpha.)- ....................... ... 69103-13-5

397. Titanium, (hydr&oxyacetato-1,O2)(isoctadecanoato- )[3-(2.5-octa-dtenyl)otxraneoctanoato-O.apha]- .......................................... ..... .. 69103-14-6

398. Titanium, [14-(3-ethytW xrany)-9,12-tetradecadienoato- 1](hydroxy-acetato-O1,02)(is ctadecanoato-O)- . .. .................. .. 69103-15-7

399. Tetrasiloxane, 1,1,1,3,5,7,7,7-octamethyl-3,5-bis[3-(oxiranyl-methoxy)propyl]-. ................................................................................................ 69155-42-6

400. 2-Propenoc acid, 2-methyl-, telomer with tert-dodecanethiol, methyl2-methyl-2-propenoate and oxtranylmethyl 2-methyl-2 : ......................... 70161-56-7

401. Oxhrane, 2,2- (1-methylethylidene)bis 4,1-phernyleneoxy 1-(butoxy-methyl)-2,1-ethanediy oxymethyene bis- ................. 71033-08-4

402. Anthra(2,3-b]ox rene-3,8-dione, la,2,2a,8a,9,9a-hexahydro-la-meth -......................................................................................................... ................ 71173-51-8

403. Anthra[2,3-b]o ene-3,8-done, la,2,9,9a-tetrahydro-la-methyl ..................................................................................... .................................... 71173-53-0

404. 7-Oxabicyco 4.1.0 heptane-3-nethanol, .alpha.,.alpha.,6-trimethy. ........................................................................................................ .............. 71242-09-8 405. Slane, (3-chloopropy~mefhoxy[3-(oximrrany m oxy)propyl]-. .......................................... ..................................................... ..................... ... ............. 71808-64-5

406. Oxanecarboxyc acid, 3-bicyclo 2.2.1 hept-5-en-2-yl-3-methyl-,methyl ester ............................................................................................................ 72175-33-8

407. Oxlrane, 2-methyl-3-trdecy- ............................................................................................................................................................................. .................... 72302-10-4

408. Oxdrane, 2,2'-(l.methylethyidene)bis]41-phenyeneoxy-3,1-propanediyfoxy-4,1-phenyfene(1-methyetylidene)-41- 72319-24-5

phanyleneoxymethylene] Ibis-.

409. Oxrane, (2,4-dbro o-S-etyphenoxy)methyI-. ..................................................................................................................... ............ ; ....................... 72727-69-6

410. O rane, (2,4-dibromo--methytphenoxy)methyl-. ......................................................................................................................................................... 75150-13-9

411. Sitane triethoxyethy- ........................................................................................................................................................................................... ...... 78-07-9 412. Silane, diethoxydirrethy* ...... . ... ............................................................................................................................................................................ . .......-- 78-62-6 413. f acid (14S&04), tetrkis(2-ethyfhi xyl) ester .................................................................................................................. ............. . 115-82-2

414. Silicic acid (116&207), hexakis(2-ethyl l) ester .................................................................................................................... ................................... 126-51-2

415. Silane, did tho methy al3,3,3- opropyl) ................................................................................................................................................................ 358-67-8

416. Silan , brmethoxy(3,3,3 -rifuoroopyl)- .................................................................................................................................. ........................ 429-60-7

417. PhosPhon acid, x 3 [2-(tlrle o oxysP t).ethyl -, diethyl ester .................................................................................................................................................. 757-44-6

418. Shane, d a t2xym iethyl o ....................... y ] ................................................................................................................................................................... t s 775-46-4

419. Silanei, chorodimethoxymthy .................................................................................................................................................................. .........................- . . 994-07-0

420. Slane, chod. .................................................................................................................... . ......................................- 998-30-1

421. Slane, trimethyl(4-ntrophenoxy)- ................................................................................................................................................... ......................... . 1014-66-0 422. Silane, trimethoxypropyl- .................................................................................... ................ .................................................................. ................ .... 1067-25-0 423. Silicc acid (14o 4), o tey -2-openyl st ..............................................................-................................................................................................. 1067-43-2

424. Bu ne 4-(tethoxysi- ...... .................. eae .................................................................................................................................... 1067-47-6

425. SO", buytrmt xy- ......................................................................................................................... : ..................................................... 1067-57-8

426. Silane, dimetho dimeethy- ......................................................... .............................................................................. . . 1112-39-6

427. Slicic acid (140&04), tatraphenyl ester ......... : ........................................................................................................ . .......................................... 1174-72-7

428. Sllane, ethoxyU4*hens &..... ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 1516-80-9

429. Slane, trimethylphenoxy .. .......................................................................................................................................................... ............ .... 1529-17-5 430. !Silane, ethxdb ehypea f...,.'. .... .. .......... ............................................................... .................... ... .......... ......... ................................ 1825-58-7

430. Silane, ethoxytdmethy ....-.... ...................................................................................................... ...... ............. 1825-- 431 Sian.................. . . . . . . . ...... -..... .. ..... 1825-61-2

432. Silane, ethoxytrmethyt. ........ . ............................................................................................................................ .......... :.. . .............. 1825-02-4

433. SiSane, tromeathyopocxy...- ................................................................................................................................................................................. .... 1825-63-4

434. Silane, chlomethoxyd ethyl ................................................................................................................ ... 1825-68-9

435. Silane, trmet [(1-me aheny1)oxy ty-.... ......................................................................................................................................... ......... 1833-53-0

436. Slang, E(3.bet )-cho stens -3 loxyltrt methyl -.................................................................................................................................... .. ...... 1 285-45-9

437. Slic , acid ( 4o04), tetra s(1-methy ethy ester................................................................................. ................................................... .1..................... 192-4-9

438. Silan , (ethoxymeth ....(2-..h..... ... yl)t.......... .................................................................................................................................... ........ 2031-62-1

439. Silic acid (4o 4) tatrakis(2y, methoxyethyl) ester................................................................... ........................................................................................ 2157-45-1

440. Slan e, (choro ethyl)dietho xymethyl ..... ......................................................................................................... .................................................. ......... 2212-10-4

441. Silanamlna 131.1-riethoxys )- ............ ................................................................................................................................................. ..... .. 2325-41-9

442. Propane ile, 3 ,t .. . ............................................................................... . .................... .... ..... .... 25206-7

443. S-Propane, 4in ny4imethy3-(tri .thoxysy............................................................................................ .............................................. .. 2530-86-1

444. Silane, triethoxypoenynethy. )... ............................................................................................... ........................................................... ...... 2549-99-7

445. Silane, tiethx -rop y - ...............-. ................................................................................................................................................................. 2550-02-9

448. Silane, triethoxy-2-propenyl- ............................................. .................................................... .................................................................................... 2550-04-1

447. Sane, trimethoxy-2-propenyl . . .... .......................................................................................................................................................................... 25513- 9-

448. Slane, diethoxydipheny- .. .............. ............................................................................................................................................................... . 2553-19-7

449. Slane, ethox ety . -.. . . ..... ]... ......................................................................................................................... . ....... 2761-24-2

450. Slang dietxymethylC3-(oxiranylmtoxy)propyll-......................-............ ................. .... 2897-60-1

451. Slane, dimethoxymethylpheny - ...... ........................................................ ;............................................ . ................................. .... 3027-21-2

452. Benzenaniine, N-[3-(trmethoxysilyl)propyl] .-...................................................................................................................................................................... 3068-76-0 453. Silane, hex~trimethoxy- . .... ........ ............................. ............................................................................................................................. ... ....... 3069-19-oD 454. S-Propanamine. N-nethyt-3-(.methoxy l)- ................................................................................................................................................................. 3069-25-8

455. 2-Butenediic acid (Z)-, bis3-(tmethoxysly)propyl] ester ..................................................................................................................................... 3090-21-9

456. 2-Butenedioic acid ()-. bis[3-(trlmethoxyslyl)propyl] ester ...................................................................................................................... ................ 3371-62-8
41226 Federal, Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 I Monday, August i9; 1991 / Notices

No. Chemical Name CAS No.

457. 2,8,9-Tdoxa-5-aza-l-silabicyclo 3.3.3]undecane, 1-ethox .y- ............................................................................................................................................... 3463-21-6

459. Siliclc acid (H4SiO4), tetrakis(phenylm ethyl) ester ............................................................................................................................................................... 4424-00-4

460. Silicic acid ( 3H4Si207), hexa-sec-butyl ester ............................................................................................................................................................................ 4444-59-1

462. Siicic acid ( o8i30 10), octaethyl ester .......................................................................... ! ...................................................................................................... 4521-94-2

462. Silane, chlorotriethoxy ...... ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4667-99-6

463. Silicic acid (H4SiO4), tetrabutyl ester ................................................................................................. ; ..................................................................................... 4766-57-8

464. Sificic acid (H12S 50 16), dodecaethyl ester .................................................................................................................... ...................................................... 4935-68-6

465. Silane, diethoxydiethy l. .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 5021-93-2

466. Silane, (3-chloropropyl)t ethoxy. ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 5089-70-3

467. Silane, ethyltdmethoxy ................................................ - ..................... ......... ....... ........ ........................ 5314-55-6

469. Silane, ethenyldethoxymethyl-..............................................................................535078344 469. S lane, ethenyldiethoxym ethyl- . ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 550744-8

470. Silane m ethyltripropoxy. .................. ........................................................................... ..................................................... 5581-66-8

471. Silane, 472. Silae, triethxyathynyl......... ......... ......... ......... ....................................... 570026- tim ethyl(2-propynyloxy) ........................................................................................... ................................................. 5 82-6 2-7

472. Slane, triethoxyethynyl-........ . . . . .. . ..................................................................... 5700-2-7

473. 1,4-Butanediam ine, 2(t met h y )methyl ........ ............................................ ; .............................................................................................................. 6037-49-6

474. 1-Propanam ine, N- m ethyl-3-(tr ethoxysilyl) ................................................................................................................... : ....................................................... 6044-5D-4

475. Silane, (eth enyloxy)t .......................... r tmethyl-. ; ....................................................................................................................................................................... 6213-94-1

476. Silicic acid (H4SiO4), tetrapen ester e ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 6382-12-3

477. Silane, (1-cyclohexen- -yloxy)tdm ethyli. ............................................................................................................................. .................................................. 6 51-36-1

478. Silicic acid (H4SiO4), tetrAkis(2-am inoethyl) ester .................................................................................................................................................................. 7057-73-0

479. Ethanol, 2,2'-[[3-(triethoxysifyl)propylim inobis ................................................................................................................................................... * ............... 7538-44-5

480. Ethanethiol, 2-(trimethoxysilyl)-. ............................................................................................................................................................ ; ..................................... 7538-4 5-6

481. Silane, tris(2-chloroethoxy)- ....................................................................................................................................................................................................... 10138-79- 1

482. Sificic acid, m ethyl ester ......... ;.......................................................................................................................................................... ........................................ 12002-26-5 483. Acetic acid, dianhyddde with silicic acid (H4SiO4) diethyl ester ....................................................................................................... .................................. 13 70-16-8

484. Acetic acid, trianhydride with silicic acid (H4SiO4) tert-butyl ester ......... 1............................................................

13170-22-4

485. 1-Propanam ine, 3-(tdethoxysilyl)-N-[3-(trethoxysilyl)propyl]-. .............................................................................................................................................. 13497-18-2

486. Silane, (chlorom ethyl)ethoxydim ethyl-. ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 13508-53-7

487. Silane, trim ethyl[(1-phenylethenyl)oxy]- .................................................................................................................................................................................. 13735-81-4

488. 1-Propanethiol, 3-(triethoxysilyl)-. ................................................................................................................................................. ....................................... .. 14814--09-6

489. Silane, ethoxydim ethyl-. .............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 14857-34-2

490. Silane, tris[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dioxy]ethenyl-........................... . . ....................................................................................................................... ......... 15188-09-7

491. Silane, (chloromethyl)tiethoxy-. ....... ................................................................................................................................ I ...................................................... 15267-95-5

492. Silane, (3-isocyanatopropyl)tdm ethoxy-. ................................................................................................................................................................................... 15396-00-6

493. Silicic acid (H4SiO4), tetracyclohexyl ester ............................................................................................................................................................................. 15717-29.-0 494. Silicic acid (H4SiO4), tetrakis(2 ethylphenyl) ester ............................................................................................................................................................. 16714-40-2

495. Silcic acid (H4SiO4), tetrakis(3-m ethylphenyl) ester .................................................................................................................................... 16714-54-8

496. Silane, ethenyldimethoxymethyl-. ..................................................................................... 7...................................................................................................... 16753-6 2-1

497. Silane, dim ethoxym ethyl- ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16881-77-9

498. Silane, ethoxydim ethyl(phenylm ethyl)-. ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 17151-27-8

499. Silicic acid (H4SiO4), tetrakis(2-hydroxyethyl) ester ...................................................................................................... ...................................................... 17622-94-5

500. Silane, m ethoxytripropyl-. ....... : ................................................................................................................................................................................................... . 17841-46-2

501.. Silane, (4-bromophenoxy)trim ethyl-................................................................................................................................................................ ................. ....... 17878-44-3

502. 2,5,7,10-Tetraoxa-6-silaundecane, 6-(2-methoxyethoxy)--phenyl-. ............................................................................... 17903-05-8

503. Acetic acid, dianhydridde with silicic acid (H4Si04) dipropyl ester ............................................................................................................... ........................ 17906-69-3

504. Silane, tris(pentyloxy)-...........................................................................~ 17907-97-0

505. Propanenitrile, 2-(triethoxysilyl)- ....................................................................... 17932-62-6

506. Silane, ethenylethoxydiphenyl-. ................................................................................... 17933-85-6

507. Silane, ethoxydim ethyl[3-(oxiranylm ethoxy)propyl]-.............................................................................................................................................................. 17963-04-1

509. 2,5,7,10-Tetraoxa-6-silaundecane, 6-(2-m ethoxyethoxy)-6-methyl-. ...................................................................................................................................... 17980-64-2

510. Silane, ethenyltds(1-m ethylethoxy)-. ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 18023-33-1

511. Silane, triethoxy(1,4,5,6,7,7-hexachlorobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-yl)-. ....................................... ........................................................................................ 18052- 3-0

512. Silane, chlorotds(1-m ethylpropoxy)-. ........................................ .................................................................................................................................................. 18105-63-0

513. Silane, bls(2-chloroethoxy)dim ethyl-. ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 18141-4 2-9

514. Silane, tdm ethyl(2-propenyloxy)-. .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 18146--00-4

515. Silane, bls(2-chloroethoxy)m eth yl-. .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 18147-17-6

516. Silicic acid (H4SiO4), di-tert-butyl diethyl ester ....................................................................................................................................................................... 18151-6-5

517. Silane, diethoxy-. .................................................................................................................................................................................................................... .... 18165-68-9 518. Silicic acid (H4SiO4), tdis(1-m ethylpropyl) ester" ...................................................................................................................................................................... 18166-4 "-

519. Silane, (3-chloropropyl)dim ethoxym ethyl ............................................................................................................................................................................... 18171-19-2

520. Ethanethiol, 2-(trethoxysilyl).. ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18236-15-2

521. Silane, Sa................................................................ (2-chloroethyl)t ethoxy-. ...................................... 4 ........................................................................................ 18279-67-9

522. Silane. diethoxym ethyl-2-propenyl-. ................................................................................................................................................ ! ......................................... 18388-46-9

523. Silane, dichlorobis(1,1-dim ethylethoxy)-. .................................................................................................................................................................................. 18395-80-7

524. Silane, blcyclo[2.2.1 ]hept-5-en-2-yltriethoxy ............................................................................................................................................................................ 18401-4 3-9

525., 2,7-Dioxa-3,6-disilaoctane, 3,3,6.6-tetram ethoxy-. ............................................................................................................................................................... 18406-41-2

526. Silikic acid (H4SiO4), tetrakis(2-ethoxyethyl) ester ............................................... , ....................................................... i ..................................... 18407-94 4.................. 

527. Benzenam ine, NN-dimethyl-4-(tdethoxysilyl) .......................... ............ .................................................................. ................................................................ 184 18-79-6

528. Silane, dodecyltriethoxy- ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 18536-91-9

529. Phosphine, diphenyl[2-(tdethoxysilyl)ethylJ.. .......................................................................................................................................................................... 18586-39-5

530. Silane, ethenyltdphenoxy-. ................................................................................................................................................ ....................................................... 1866646 5-4

531. Silane, trim ethyl(octadecyloxy)-. ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 18748-98-6

532. Silicic acid (H4SiO4), tetrakis(2-butoxyeth yl) ester ................................................................................................................................................................. 18765-38-3

533. Silicic acid (H14Si60 19), tetradecaethyl ester ......................................................................................................................................................................... 18768-59-7

534. M enthol, tetraester with silicic acid (H4SjO4) ..................................................... ; ........................................... ....................................................................... 18888-09-0

535. Silane, trim ethyl(l-propenyloxy)-. ...................................................................................... ............................................... ....................................................... 19879-97-1

536. Silane, (1-butenyloxy)trim ethyl-, (2). .......................................................................................................................................- '. "-.-'....................................... 19980-22-4

537. Silane, (1-butenyloxy)trimethyl-, (E)-. .............................................................................................................................. ...................................................... 19980-23-5

538. Silane, (1-cyclopenten-1-yloxy)trim ethyl-. .............................................................................................................................................. ................................ 19980-43-9
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices 4127

No. Chemical Name CAS No.

539. Silane, d4-chloromethylt[3-[i 2-tetrafluoro-l-(trfluoromethy-)-ethoxy.p..pyl. ...........................................................................

20006-68-2 540. 1 -Aza-2-silacyclopentane, 2.2.dethoxy-I -trmethylsily)- .... ....................... .............. .............. ............ ..............................................................

21297-72-3

541. Slane, (4-chlorophey)triethoxy-. .................................................................... I .......................................... ...............................................................

....... 21700-74-3

542. Butanoic acid, 4-(triethoxystyl)-. trimethylsiyt ester...............................................................................................

23416-06-D

543. Silane, (1,1.dimethyl-2-propenyl)oxy]dimethyl- .............................................................................. ... ....................................................... ........................... 23483-22-9

544. Urea. [2-[3-(ttimethoxysily)propylamino]ethyl]- ............... ....... . ................................... ..................................................................

23779-33-1

545. Silane, [4-(chloromethyl)phenyttrimethoxy ......................................................................................................

24413-04-5 546. Silicic acid (1-14904), ttrakis[2-(2-methoxyetoxy)ethyi ester ....................................................................................................................................... 24685-89-0 547. Silane, triethoxy(3 socyanatopropy - ..........................................................................................................

24801-88-5

548. Silane, [{10-bromodecyl)oxyltrimethyl. .........................................................................................................

26306-02-5

549. 2-Propen-l-amin e. NllO-iromodeolyoxYtrlmehyl-. ...................................... . . . . . ........ . *.. . 26868-19-9

550. Silicic acid (-14S 4). tetrakis(methypheny ester .................................................................................................

26952-29-4

551. il-Octadecan miu M NN dimethyt-N-[3-(trimethoxysityr)propyl-;chlode .. ..... . . .......................................................................

27668-52-6

552. Ethariamine, 2-(2,8,9-tro;xa-5-aza-1-sabicyclo[3.3.3]undec-1 .ytxy)-N N-bis[[2-(289-tiox3-6-aza-l-c3iabicycl] 33.3.3 . ........................ ... 29167-5-5

553. Benenesullonyl azide, [2-(trimethoxysilyl)ethyl]- ....................................................... .........................................................................

29385-30-6

554. 1H-Pyrrle-2,5-done. 1-[3-(trethoxysily)propyl]-. ......................................................... ..... 29602-11-7 1....................

555. 2-Propen-1-amine, N[3-(timethoxyslyl)propyl] ...................................................................................................

31024-46-1

556. Morpholne, 4-[3-(timethoxysilyl)propyl]-. .......................................................................................................

31024-54-1 557. 1-Butanamtine, N-[3-(tfmethoxysilyl)propyl]-. ......................................................... ..... ... ...... ..................... ............................................................

31024-515-3

558. 1-PropanaminiumNN-dimethy-N -[2-[(2-methy--o xo -2-pr peny oxy]ethyt]-3-(tmeth xysyl)-W chloride ............................... .................... 31681-13-7

559. 1,2-EthanediamineN-[(ethenypheny)methyl]-N-[3-(trimethoxysiyl)-prpyl]-,monohydrochotde ................................................................. 34937-00-3

560. 1-Propanamina, NN-dimethy trimethoxysWl , acetate ...................................... .........................................................................

35141-35-6

561 1-Propanaminum, N,N,N-trimethyl-3-(trimethoxysilyl)-, chloride ........................................................................................

. 35141-36-7

562. Silicic acid, 2-ethoxyethy ester ..............................................................................................................

37338-04-8

563. Silicic acid (H4Si04), tetraethyl ester, polymer with 1.2-ethanediol ................... ...............................................................................

38742-72-2

564. 1-Propanarnine, NN-dithyI-3-(trmethoxysIyO) ................................................ .... ............ ........................................................................

41051-80-3

565. 1-Tetradecanamlnium, NN-dlmethyl-N-[3-(trimethoxysily)propyl-,chtloride .......... 4.8......................

41591-87-1 566. Silane, [2-[2-(chkxomethyf)phenylletr.Altrimethoxy- ............ ............................ ................. I...................................................................

!42661-95-0

567. Silane, trimethoxy(2-phor ethyl ) .............................................................................................................

49539-88-0

568. Silane, trim ethoxy-7-o enyl ................................................................................................................

)- 52217-57-9

569. Benzena n, 4-[3-(ttrmethoxyslyl)propoxy]. ....................................................................................................

55648-29

570. 2-Propanol, 1.1-[[3-(iethoxysMl)propylimino]bis[3-chloro- ................................. 8........................

56709-05-8

571. Silane, dichloro(2-methoxyethyl)methyl-. ........................................................................................................

58066-88-9

572. IH-Imidazole, 4,5-d ro--[-3-(triethoxysly)propyl]- ...............................................................................................

....... 58068-97-

573. Carbaminidothiolc acid, 3-(trmethoxysilyl)propyl ester, monohydrochloride .... ............................................................................

58505-58-1

574. Silane, (7-dodecen-9-ynyfoxy)trilmethyl-, (E) .....................................................................................................

58763-9-2

575. Silane, (3-methoxy-l-methylene-2-propenyl)oxyltrimethyl- ..........................................................................................

59414-23-2

576. Silane, dodecyldiethoxymethyl- ..............................................................................................................

60317-40-0 577. Benruildle. 4-niro-N-[3-(tleftoxysiMy)pr1 ], ............ ..............................................................................................

60871-86-S 578. -Octanesufonamide,A-ethyl,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptadecafluoro--[3-(Wm thoxysiypropyl- ........................................................

61680-12-8

579. Silicic acid (H4SiO4), tetrakis(1.1-dimethylpentyl) ester .............................................................................................

63449-47-8 580. Silanamine, 1-methoxy- ..... ... ................................................................................................................ •................................................................

64051-31-6

581. 1,2-EthanedlamIne, [3-(tmethoxyslyl)propyl]-, monohydro-chloride ..................................................................................

64339-13-5

582- Silanol bis(1,1-dimethylethoxy)ethenyl-, acetate ..................................................................................................

64426-39-7

583. Silanediol, (1,1-dimethytethoxy)ethenyl-, diacetate ................................................................................................

64426-40-0

584. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-thiobis-,polymer with ethenylethoxydimethyl-silane, .alpha.hydro-.omega.-hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-1.2-ethanediyl],5-socyart- 66564-49-6

ato-1-(isocyanatomethyt)-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohexane, .Wpha.-alpha'-.alpha".-1,2,3-propeneids[.ofega.-hydroxypolyloxy(meth-1, 2 -etharedify)]] &2-propen-1-ol.

585. Ethanethiol 2,2-oxybLs-,polymer with ethenlethoxydimethytsiane,.alpha.-hydro-.omega..hydroxypOty[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanedy)],54socyal- 66564-50-9

ato-1-(Lsocyanatomettl)-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohexae,.alpha.-alpha'-.alpha".-1,2,-propenetri (.omega.-hydroxypoyoxy(meth-1,2

ethanedly!)]] &2-propen-l-oL

586. 2-Propen-l-ol, polymer with ethoxydimethytsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydrxypoly[toxy(methy-1,2-ethnediy9l)], 5 socyanat-1-(iscyanato- 66564-54-3

methyl)- 1.33-trimethytcycohexane,.apha.-aipha'-.alpha"1 ,2,3.propenetriy [ft .omega.-hydrowpoyloxy(meth-1,2-thaedfAl]] & 2-propen587. 2-Propen-l-ol, polymer with dimethoxymethylsilane, lpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydrox ypolyto xy(methyi-1,2-ethanediy),54so cyanato--(socyana- 66564-55-4

tomethyl)-13,3-trimethylcyclohexane,. pha.-alpha '-.alpha".-,Z 3-propenet yltris [.onmg hydroypo lywy(metti-,2-ethanediyi)]] & 2-

propen-1-ol.

588. 2-Propen-l-ol. polymor with 1,1'-(diisocyanatomethylene)bis[benzene], ethoxydimethys ane,.alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypolyoxy(meth-l.2- 66564-56-5

ethanediyl)]].

589 Ethanethiol, 2,2'-thlobis-.polymer with ethenyldiethoxynethytsilane,.apha.-ydr-.omega-hydroxypoly(oxy(methy-12-ethaned I) 5-4socya- 66554-57-6

ato-l-(isocyanatometyl)-l,3,3-timethylcyclohexane, .aphi.-alpha'..epha".-123-propenetriyttds.omegs.hydrxypoyoxy(meth-1,2-ethargdiy)] &.-propen-1-ol.

590. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-oxybls-.polymer with 1.1'-(diisocyanatomethylene)bls[benzene], eth nylethoxy h ylsiane,.alpha.-hydro-.omega.- 66564-58-7

hydroxypolyloxy(methy-1.2-ethanedil]. alpha.-alpha'-.aphaW.-1,2,3-propenetiytris[.omega&-hydroxypolyioxy(meth-1 ,2-ethandA ] & 2-

propen-1 -ol.

591. Ethanethiol. 2,Z-thiobls-,polymer with 1,1'-(diisocyanatomethylene)bls[benzene], etheny ethoxydimethylsilane,.apha.-hydo-.omega.- 66564-59-8

hydro~cypoly[oxy(methy-1.2-ethanediyi)],.alpha.-aWpha'-alpha".1 2 ;-propenetitti[.o eg hydrxpoyy (meth-1,2-et e )]] & 2-

propen-l-ol.

592. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-oxybia-. polymer with ethenytdiethoxymethytsilane, ha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypoly[oxy(methy-1,2-ethanedlyl)1,5-4 socyan- 66564-60-1 ato. 1.(socyanatomethyl). 1,3.Lridmthylcyclohexane,.alpha..alpha'..alpha-..,,3-propenetriyttis [.omega.-hydroxypolyoxy(meth-1,2-

ethanediyt)]] &2-propen-1-oL.

593. Ethanethiol. 2,2'-[1,2-ethanediybis(oxy)]bis-, polymer with ethenyldlethoxymethylslane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega4ydroxypolyoxy(methy-1,2- 66564-61-2

ethanedlyl)].5-socyanato- -( cyanatomethy)-1,3,3-bimethyfcyclohex Ae' - -pha3-parphapereetrh1 2,3 O penet dy bis .omega.-

hydroxypolyloxy(meth-1.,2-ethanedyl)]] & 2-propen-l-oL"

594. 2-Propen-l-ol, polymer • with 1,1'-(diisocyanatomethylene)bis-[benzenel, dimethoxymethysilane,.alpha.-hydr0-.omega.- 66564-65-6

hdroxypoty[oxy(mothyl-1.2-eft nediy .,pha.-alpha'-.alpha".- 3-popnebiyttns[.omega.-hydroxypot xY(meth-1,2-ethan..ryf) .4

595. EthanethioL 2,2'-oxybis-. polymer with ethenylethoxydimethylslane, .alpha.-hydro-.omegiL-hydroxypolyoxy(methyl,2-ethaedy)], 1,1-meth- 66564-66-7

ytentebis [4-4socyaptocyclohexane ],apha.-alpha'-.alpha". 1,2.3-PropeneftWs.onega.-hydoxypo o(meh- 1,2-ehreli) ] ] & 2-

propenl-.oL

596. Ethanethlol 2,2'-oxybis-. polymer with ethenyldiethoxymethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-1,2-thanlrl)], 1,1*-meth- 66564-67-8

yeneb-s[4.isocaratocyclohexane ],aepha.apha,..8pha-.2,3.propnttris [.omeg-h oxpoto (mth-1,2- an )] & 2- proper-i-oL.
'41228 Federal Register j Vol. 56, No. 160 '/ Monday, August '19, 1991'/"Notices

No. Chemical Name CAS No.

597. Ethanethiol. 2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bis-, polymer with ethenylethoxydimethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-1,2- 66564-68-9

ethanediyl)], 1,1'-methylenebis[4-isocyanatocyclohexane], .alpha.-alpha.'-.aipha".-1,2,3-propenetriytds[.omega.-hydro)xypolyloxy(meth-1.2-

ethanediyl)]] & 2-propen-l-ol.

598. Ethanethlol, 2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bis-, polymer with ethenyldiethoxymethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro.omega.-hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-1,2- 66564-69-0

ethanediyl)], 1,1'-methylenebis[4-isocyanatocyclohexaneJ, .alpha.-alpha'-.alpha".-1,2,3-propenetriytris[.omega.-hydroxypolyloxy(meth-.2-

ethanediyl)]] &2-propen-1-ol.

599. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-thobis-, polymer with ethenylethoxydimethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxyoly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)], 1,1'- 66564-70-3

methylenebis[4-isocyanatocyclohexane], .alpha.-aipha'-.alpha".-1,2,3-propenetdyltris[.omega.-hydroxypolyloxy(meth-1,2-ethanediyl)]] & 2-

propen-l-ol.

600. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-thlobis-. polymer with ethenyldlethoxymethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypoly(oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)], 1,1'- 66564-71-4

methylenebis[4-isocyanatocyclohexane], .alpha.-alpha'-.4pha".-1.2,3-propenetriyltds.omega.-hydroxypolyloxy(meth-1,2-ethanediyl)]] & 2-

propen-l-ol.

601. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-oxybis-, polymer with 1,1'-(diisocyanatomethylene)bis[benzene], ethenyldiethoxymethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.- 66564-72-5

hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-! ,2-ethanediyl)],.alpha.-alpha'-.alpha".-1,2,3-propenetryltis[.omega.-hydroxypolyoxy(meth-1,2-ethanediyl)]].

602. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-thiobis-, polymer with 1,1'-(diisocyanatomethylene)bis[benzene], ethenyldiethocymethylslane, ..alpha.-hydro-.omega.- 66564-75-8

hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl- 1,2-ethanedyl)], .alpha.-alpha'-.alpha".-1,2,3-propenetdyltris[.omega.-hydroxypolyloxy(meth-1,2-ethanediyl)]].

603. 2-Propen-l-ol, polymer with ethoxydimothylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypolyoxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)], 1,1'-methylenebis [4-iso- 66564-79-2

cyanatocyclohexane], .alpha.-alpha'-.alpha".-1,2,3-propeneyltris[.omega.-hydroxypoyloxy(meth-1,2-ethanediyl)]].

604. 2-Propen-l-ol, polymer with dimethoxymethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-1.2-ethanediyl)], 1,1'-methylenebis [4- 66564-0-5

isocyanatocyclohexane], .alpha.-alpha'-.alpha".-1,2,3-propenetdyltris[.omega.-hydroxypolyloxy(meth- 1,2-ethanediyl)]].

605. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-oxybis-, polymer with 1,3-diisocyanatomethylbenzone, ethenylethoxydimethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.- 66564-81-6

hydroxypolytoxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)], .alpha.-aloha'-.alpha".-1 ,2,3-propenetriyltds[.omega.-hydroxypotyioxy(meth-1,2-ethanediyl)]] & 2-

propen-1-ol.

606. 2-Propen-l-ol, polymer with 1,i3diisocyanatomethylbenzene,ethoxydimethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanew 66564-85-0

dyl)], .alpha.-alpha'-.alpha".-1,2,3-propenetriyltris[.omega.-hydroxypolyoxy(meth-,2-ethanediyl)J]].

607. 2-Propen-t-ol, polymer with 1.3-diisocyanatomethylbenzene, dimethoxymethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethan- 66564-86-1

ediyl)], .alpha.-alpha'-.alpha".-1,2,3-propenetriyttris[.omega.-hydroxypolyloxy(meth- 1,2-ethanediyl)]].

608. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-thiobis-, polymer with 1,3-diisocyanatomethyl-benzene, ethenylethoxydimethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.- 66564-7-2

hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)], .alpha.-aloha'-.alpha".-1,2,3-propenetriyitris[.omega.-hydroxypolyloxy(meth-l2-ethanediyl)]I & 2-

propen-l-ol.

609. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-[1,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bis-, polymer with 1,3-diisocyanatomethylbenzene, ethenyldiethoxymethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro- 66564-8-3

.omega.-hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl- 1,2-ethanediyl)], .alpha.-alpha'-.alpha".- ,2,3-propenetdyltris[.omega.-hydroxypolyloxy(meth-1,2-ethanediyl)]] & 2-propen-l-ol.

610. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-oxybis- polymer with 1,3-diisocyanatomethylbenzene, ethenyldiethoxymethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.- 66564-89-4

hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)], .alpha.-alpha'-.alpha".-1,2,3-propenetriytris[.omega.-hydroxypolyfoxy(meth-,2-ethanediyl)]] & 2-

propen-l-ol. I

611. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-thiobis-, polymer with 1,3-diisocyanatomethylbenzene, ethenyldiethoxymethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypoly(oxy- 66591-91-1

1,4-butanedly).

612. Ethanethiol, 2,2'-[ ,2-ethanediylbis(oxy)]bis-, polymer with ethenyl-ethoxydimethylsilane, .alpha.-hydro-.omega.-hydroxypoly[oxy(methyl-1,2- 66634-82-0

ethanedyl)], 5-isocyanato-1 -(isocyanatomethyl)-1,3,3-tdmethylcyclohexane, .alpha.-alpha'-.alpha".-l,2,3-propenetdyltrisl.omega.-

hydroxypolyloxy(meth-1 ,2-ethanediyl)]] & 2-propen-l-ol.

Silane, [2-(3-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethylltrimethoxy-. ....................................................................................................................................................................

1-Propanamine, N-(phenylmethylene)-3-(tdmethoxysilyl)-. ......................................................................................................................................................

1-Propanamine, N N-dimethyl-3-(tdmethoxysilyl)-, hydrochloride ................................................................ ..................................................................

.beta.-Alanine, N-[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl . .................................................................... e ......................................................................................................

Dodecanamide, N-[2-[[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl amino]ethyl]-,monohydrochloride ............................................................................... ...............

Octadecanamide, N-[2-[[3-(tdmethoxysily)propyl]amino]ethyl]-,monohydrochloride .................................................................................................... 1-Propanamine, N-(1-phenylethylidene)-3-(triethoxysilyl)-. .............................. ........................................................................ ............................................ Silane, diethoxymethyloctadecyl-. ........................................................................................................................

Ethanaminium, NNN-trimethyl-2-oxo-2-[(3-(trethoxysilyl)propyl]amino]-, iodide ......................................... Silane, diethenyldiethoxy-. ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ Silane, tetrakis(cyclononyloxy)- .................................................................................................................... ..................................

1,2-Ethanediamine, N-[(ethenylphenyl)methyl]-N'-[3-(tdmethoxysilyl)propyl]-. ..............................................................................................................

Silane, [2-[3(or 4)-(chloromethyl)phenyllethyl]trimethoxy-................................................................................... . .....................................................

2-Oxa-7,10-diaza-3-silaundecan-11-ol, 7,10-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3,3-dimethoxy-. ...............................................................................................................

Silicic acid (H4SiO4), ethyl trihexadecyl ester ................................................................................................................... ! .................................................... 1-Heptanesulfonamide, N-ethyl-1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7-pentadecafluoro-N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-. ................................................................

Silanamine, 1-(l,1-dimethylethoxy)-1,1-dimethyl-N-(1-methylethyl)- ...................................................................................................................................

Benzenesulfonyl azide, 4-[2-(trimethoxysilyl)ethyl]-. .............................................................................................................................................................

Carbamic acid, [3-(triethoxysllyl)propyl]-, 5-methyl-2-(1-methyl-ethyl)cyclohexy ester ........................................................................................... SlnA timathvlr9e 1-t~trndn .dianulnwn,- IF" YL ......

Urea, N,N"-(methylphenylene)bis[N'-3- ethoxysil)propy]- ................................................................................ ... ............. 1Ur2-Ethanedlam ne, N,N'-bis[3-(t nrnethoxyslly )propyl]-............................................................................................

...........

Si2Eane (4-undecy.- 1-cyclopenene- 1,2-diylbis(0xY) ]....[t..m...yl-..................................................................................

Silane, [(4-undecyl- -cyclopentene-1 ,2-diyi)bis(oxy)]bisltrimethy-......................................................................... ............ 1-Decanaminium, N-decy-N.methy-N-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-,chloride ............. . ............................................................. Urea, N-(1phenylethyl)-N'-[3-(triethoxYsilyl)propyl]-. .................................................................................................

........................................... 1-ProPanam ine, N-(phenylmethylene)-3-(trethoxysilyl)-. ...............................................................................................

................ ............. Silane, (2-bromo-2-methyl-1-m ethylenepropoxy)trimethyl-. ........................................................... ................................................ ..............................

S lane, itethenylethoxy .....................................................................................................................

- . Silane, diethoxymethoxy(2-m ethylpropyl)- ........................................................................................................

Silane, ethoxydimethoxy(2-methylpropyl)-. ........................................................................................................

q.............................

Silicic acid (H4S:O4), tris(1-methylpropyl) 4-methyl-2,4,6,6-tetrakis(1-methylpropoxy)cyclotrisiloxan-2-yl ester .............................. I ....................... 1-Propanamine, 3-(triethoxysilyl)-, compd. with methyloxiranepolymer with oxirane ether with 1,2,3-propanetriol (3:1)

tris(hydrogenbutanedioate).

Silane, diethoxymethyl(2-phenylpropyl)-. ................................................................. ...................................................................................... Silane dimethovrm ethvlctad rA . .. I ... . .

IH-Imidazole, 1-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-....; ....... ...........................................................

Benzenesufonyt azide, 3-[([2-[[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]amino-ethyl]amino]carbonyl]-

9H-Carbazole, 9-[2-(trimethoxysilyl)ethyl]-. ..............................................................................

Be'nzenemethanamine. 3(or 4)-[2-(trimethoxysilyl)ethyli]-. .......................................................

1-Propanesulfonic ack, 2-hydroxy-3-[3-(trihydroxysilyl)propoxy]-. .........................................

1-Naphthalenesulfonainide, 5-(dimethylamino)-N-[3-(triethoxysilyl)-propyl] -.........................

67592-36-3

67674-55-9

67674-56-0

67674-57-1

67674-58-2

67674-59-3

67674-60-6

67859-75-0

67874-63-9

67892-60-8

67939-80-4

68092-72-

68128-25-6

68140-42-1

68171-54-0

68239-75-8 68310-81-

68479-60-7

68479-61-

68516-30-3

68845-12-5

68845-16-9

68892-10-4

68959-20-6

68959-21-7

69227-26-5

69278-36-0

70693-56-0

70776-21-5

70776-22-6:

70776-64-

70850-96-3

70851-46-6

70851-50-2

70851-51-3

70851-53-5

70851-54-6

70865-1 9-9

70869-38-4

70880-05-6

............................ .......................................................................................... ...........................................................

......................................... ; ............................ q- ... ;

.......................................................... I .................................

............................................................................................

........................................ .............. ....................................

.............................................................................................
Federal 'Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991'/ Noticeg 41229

No. Chemical Name CAS No.

653. Octadecanoic acid, trianhydride with silicic acid (H4SiO4) monopropyl ester ..............................................................................

70880-06-7 654. 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 3-(trihydroxysilyl)-. ......................................................................................................

70942-24-4

655. l-Propanesulfonic acid, 3-(trihydroxysily)-, monosodium salt .........................................................................................

70942-25-5 656. 1 -Propanesulfonic acid, 3-(trIhydroxysilyl)-. monopotassium salt .......................................................................................

70942-26-6 657. Silicic acid (H4SO4), 1,3-dimethyl-1,3-disiloxanediylidenedodecaks(1.methylpropy) ester .................................... 70969-50-5 658. Silicic acid (H4SiO4). tris(1-methylpropyl) 2,4,4,6,6-pentakis(1-methylpropoxy)cycotrisioxan-2.yl ester ...........................................................

70969-51-6

659. Silicic acid (H4SiO4), tis(1-methylpropy) 2-methy -4,4,6,6-tetraks(1-methytpropoxy)cycotrisiloxan-2-yl ester .......................................................

70969-53-8 660. 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 3-(tihydroxysityl)-, potassium sodium salt .....................................................................................

71463-77-9 .661. 1-Propanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-3-3-(trihydroxysilyl)propoxy]-,sodium salt .............................................................................

71487-07-5 662. 1-Propanesuffonic acid, 3-[3-(dihydroxymethoxysilyl)propoxy]-2-hydroxy-, sodium salt .......................................................................

71487-19-9

663. Benzenamine, 3-[3-(trimethoxysilyt)propoxy]-. ...................................................................................................

71550-66-8 664. Silane, trimethoxy[3-[2-(1-propenyl)phenoxylpropyl]-. ..............................................................................................

71550-67-9

665. 2,4-1midazolidinedione, 5,5-dimethyl-3-[3-(t~imethoxysilyl)propyl]. .....................................................................................

71550-68-0

666. Silane. (3-chloropropyl)dimethoxy[3-(oxiranylmethoxy)propyl]-. ........................................................................................ : .................................................. 71808-64-5 667. Silane, methoxydimethyloctadecyl-. ................................................................................. . .............................................................

71808-65-6 668. Imidodicarbonic acid, 2-[carboxy[3-(Lmethoxysilyl)propyllamino]-ethyl]-, trisodium salt .....................................................................

71808-67-8

669. Silane, [3-(2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl)propyljtimethoxy- ..............................................................................................

71808-68-9

670. Imidazole, C2-(triethoxysily)ethyl] ............................................................................. 72264-U4-7 671. Phenol, 3-[1-methyl-2-(triethoxysilyl)ethoxy]-. ....................................................................................................

72391-25-4 672. 2,5-Pyrrolidinedione, 1-[3-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propoxy]phenyl]-. ........................................................................ 73003-82-4

673. Nonanamide, N-(16 16-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)-17,20-dioxa-3,6,9,12-tetraaza-16-silaheneicos-1-yil-. monohydrochloride ............................................ 73545-23-0 674. 1,2-Ethanediamine. N-[C[2-(trimethoxysilyl)ethyll]phenylmethyl]- ......................................................................................

74113-77-2 675. Silicic acid, 1- ethylethyl 11-methytpropyt ester .......... : ..............................................................................................

............... 77699-50--4

676. Silane, tris[(1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl)oxy]methyl. ..................................................................................................

83817-71-4

677. 2,9,11,13-Tetaazanonadecanethioic acid, 19-isocyanato-11-(6-isocyanatohexyl)-10,12-dioxo-, S-[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl ...................................... 85702-90-5 678. 2,5,7,10-Tetraoxa--silaundecane, 6-ethenyf-6-(2-methoxy-l-methylethoxy)-4,8-dimethyl- .....................................................................

96195-81-2

679. Benzene, 1-fluoro-3-isothiocyanato. ...........................................................................................................

404-72-8 680. Propane, 1-isothiocyanato-3-(methylthio)-. .......................................................................................................

505-79-3

681. Ethane, isothiocyanato- ...................................................................................................................

542-85--8 682. Naphthalene, 1-isothiocyanato- ................. ; .......................................................................................................

551-06-4 683. Propane, 2-sothiocyanato-2-methyl-. ..........................................................................................................

5 90-42-1

684. Butane, 1-isothiocyanato- ..................................................................................................................

592-82-5

685. Benzene, (isothiocyanatomethyl)-. ............................................................................................................

622-78-6 686. Cyciohexane, isothiocyanato- ................................................................................................................

1122-82-3 687. Benzene, 1-fluoro-4-sothiocyanato- ...... .......................................................................................................

1544-68-9 688. Phenol, 4-isothiocyanato- ..................................................................................................................

2131-60-4 689. Benzene, 1 sothlocyanato-4-nitro - 

.............................................................................................................

2131-61-5

690. Benzene, (2-isothiocyanatoethyl)-. . ................ ........................................................... 2257-09-2 691. Benzonitrile, 4-1sothiocyanato- ................................ ..................................................................................................

2719-32- (391. Bcenie, 1-isothiocyarnato-........... .... ...... .................................. . ................... 27-326

692. Octadecane, 1isothiocyanato-.......................................................................................................... .......... I.............. 2877-26-1 693. Acetamide, N-(34sothocyanatophenyl)-. ........................................................................................................

.................................. 3137-83-5 694. Spiro isobenzofuran-1(3h),9'- 9H xanthen -3-one, 3',6'-dihydroxy-5-isothiocyanato ..........................................................................

3326-32-7 695. 696. Benzene, Benzene, 1-isothiocyanto-3-nitro- 1,4-diisothiocyana to ...............................................................................................................

........ .........................................................................................................

3529-82-6 4044-65-9 697. Heptane, 4- is othiocyanato . ...............................................................................................................

................ 4426-83-9

698. Phosphor(isothlocyanatidic) acid, diphenylt ester ..................................................................................................

5401-14-9

699. 700. Acridine, Benzenamine, 9 -s 4-[2-(4-isothlocyanatophenyl)ethenyl]-..; i y ao-isothiocy.......................................................................................................

I................................................................................. 7620-46-4 ................................................. ................... 17816-11-4

701. Fluoan, 3',6'-bis(dimethamino).5.isothiocyant o . 

.. ...................................................... ................... 20454-

703. B enzene o..............a............ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................................... ..... 3 8 9820 4 65 4 -7

702. Decane, l-4sothiocyanto- ...................................................................................................................

.................................. 24540-94-1 703. Benzene, 1-fluoro-2-isothiocyanato-. ...........................................................................................................

38985-64-7

704. 1.3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid. 5-isothiocyanato-, dimethyl ester ...................................................... ; ................................................................

72076-50-7 705. 4,7-Methano-1H-indene, octahydro-5-lsothlocyanato-,(3a.alpha.,4.alpha.,5.alpha.,7.alpha.,7a.alpha.).. ..................................................... 72403-62-4 706. 4,7-Methano-lH-indene, 3

a,4,5'6,7,7 a-hexahydro-6-isothicyanato-,(3aalpha.,4.apha,66apha.'7.alpha.'7a~alpha.) .................... ........... 72403-63-5

707. Silane, Isothiocyanatotrimethyl. ..............................................................................................................

................ 2290-65-5 708. Silane, tetraisothiocyanato ..................................................................................................................

6544-02-1 709. Silane, diisothiocyanatodimethyl-. .............................................................................................................

.......................... 13125-51-4 710. Benzenesuffonlc acid, 4-isothiocyanato-, sodium salt ...............................................................................................

17614-69-6 711. Spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen]3-one, 3',6'-dihydroxy-5(or 6)-isothlocyanato .....................................................................

27072-45-3 712. 1,5-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 3-isothiocyanato., disodium salt .......................................................................................

35888-63-2

713. Xanthylium, 9-(2-carboxy-5(or 6)-isothiocyanatophenyl]-3,6-bis(di-ethylamino)-, chloride ......................................................................

36877-69-7 714. Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-(acetylamino)-2-[2-(4-isothiocyanato-2-sulfophenyl)ethenyl]., disodium salt ..............................................................

51023-76-8

715. Sptro[isobenzofuran1(3H),9'-[gH]xanthen].3-one, 3'.6'-dihydroxy-5-sothiocyanato-, hydrochloride .......................................................... 63469-13-8

716. Spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthen].3-one, 3',6'-bis(diethyamino)-5(or 6)-isothiocyanato ............................... * 69856-09-3 717. Hydrazinecarboxamide .....................................................................................................................

57-56-7 718. Diazenecarbothioic acid, phenyl-., 2-phenylhydrazde ...............................................................................................

60-10-6 719. Hydrazinecarboximidamide ..................................................................................................................

..................... .................. 79-17-4 720. Hydrazinecarbothioamide ................................ ................................ ............... 79-19-6

721. Hydrazlne, (4-nitrophenyl)-. .................................................................................................................

....................... 100-16-3

722. Hydrazinecarboxamide, 2-phenyl-. ............................................................................................................

103-03-7 723. Ethanol. 2-hydrazino ......................................................................................................................

109-84-2 724. Benzenesulfonic acid. 2,5-dichloro-4-hydrazino- ........................................ ; ............................................................. ........................ ........................... 11 -89-8

725. Hydrazine, (2,4-dinitrophenyl)-. .................................. .............................................. ........... 119-26-6

726. Hydrazine, (2,5-dichlorophenyl)-. .................................................................................................... 305-15-7

727. Hydrazine, 1,2-dimethyl-, dihydrochloride ..................... .. ................................................ ........ 306-37-8 728. Ethanedioic acid, bis(cyclohexylidenehydrazide) ....................................................................... ......... ; ...........................................................

370-81-0 729. Hydrazinecarbothloamide, 2-(1,2-dihydro-2-oxo-3H-indol-3-yidene)-. ....................................................................................

................. 48 7-16-1 730. Hydrazine. 1,1-diphenyl-, monohydrochloride .................................................................. 530-47-2 731. Benzoic acid, hydrazide ....................................................................................................................

613-94-5 732. Hydrazine, 1,2-bls(2-methylpheny)-. ........ ..................................................................................................

. 617-22-1

733. Hydrazine, 1-methyl--pheny sulfate f, (2:1) ....................................................................................... : ..................................................................

618-26-8

734. Hydrazine, 1-methyl-l-phenyl-. ...............................................................................................................

618-40-6
41230 Federal Register I Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August' 19, 1991/-Notices

No. Chemical Name CAS No.

735.. Benzoic acid, 3-nitro-, hydrazide .................................................................................................... ........... 618-94-0

736. enzoic acid, 4-hydrazino- . ........................ ................................................................................................................... 619-67-0

737. Oarbonothiolc dihydrazide, 2.2'-diphenyl-. ............................................................................................ ... .. .......................... 622-03-7

738. Hy razne, (4-brom ophenyl)-, m onohydrochloride ........................................................ ................................................................................................. 622-88-8

739. tHy ina, ethyl- ..................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... 624-80-6

740. Hydrazln carboxaldehyde ................................................................................................................................................................................................... . 624-84-0

741. t2 4ydrazinedicarboxaldehyde ...................................................................................................................... ...................................................... .... 628-36-4

742. Benzoic acid, 4-nitro-., hydrazide ............................ ..... ....................................................................................................... .......................... ................ 636-97-5

743. Hydrazine, 4-nitrophenyl), m onohydrochloride ....................................................................................................... . .. .. . ... 636-99-7

744.. Hydrazina, (4-m ethylphenyl)., m onohydrochloride ................................................................................................................................. ......................... 637-60-5

745. ydradnBcarbothioam ide, 2-phenyl- .................................................................................................................................................................................. 645-48-7

746. Hyd ai , 1,2-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-. ............................................................................................................................................. .................................... 782-74-1

747. ydraz ne. 1,2-bis(2-m ethoxyphenyl) ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 787-77-9

/48. Benzoic acid, 2-benzoylhydrazide ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 787-8 -8

749. Hy ainecarboxylic acid, 1,1-dim ethy lethyl ester ................................................................................................................................................................... 870-46-2

750. Decanedoic acid, dihydrazide ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 925-83-7

751. Benzolc acid, 2-hydroxy, hydrazide ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 936-02-7

152. Benzolc acid, 2-hydroxy-3,5-dinitro-, hydrazide ....................................................................................................................................................................... 955-07-7

753. Hydrazinecarbo m idam ide, sulfate (2:1) .............................................................................................................................................................................. 996-19-0

754. Eth ianed oic acid, dihydrazide ................................................................................................................................ . . . .......... 996-98-5

755. 2 Pyridlnecarboxim idic acid, hydrazide ................................................................................................................. . . . -. ......... ... 1005-02-3

756. 2.Pyridlinecarboxim idic acid, 4-phenyl-, hydrazide .............................................................................................................................................................. 101 -0-3

757 Acetic acid, hydrazide .................................................................................................................................................................. . .. ........................................ 1068-57-1

758. 2(JH)-Benzothiazolona, 3-m ethyl-, hydrazone ...................................................................................................................................... ................ ....... 1128-67-2

759. Benzolc acid, 2-benzoyl-1.2-dim ethylhydrazide ............................................................................................................................................. .................... 1226-43-3

760. Benzeneaulfonic acid, 4-methyl-, hydrazide ......................................................................................................................-.......... ... . . .1576-35-8

761. Hydmaz e, 1,1-diphanyl-2-(2,4,6-tdnitrophenyt)-. ................................................................................................................................................................... 1707-75-1

762. Hydrazinecarbothioam ide, N,2.d4i henyl-. .............................................................................................................................................................................. 1,768-59-8

763. Benzoic acid, 2-am ino-, hydrazide ................................................................................. * ......................................................................................................... 1904-58-1

764. Hydrazine, 1-naphthalenyl, monohydrochloride ................................................. .. ................. ...................... .... 2243-56-3

765. Benzenesuffonic acid, 4-brom o-, hydrazide ................................................................................................................................................................ ..... 2297-64-6

766. H ydrazinecarbothioam ide, 1-form yl- ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 230 2-84-3

767. Acetic acid, 2-(4-nitrophenyl)hydrazide ................................................................................................................................................................................. 2719-13-3

768. Acetic acid, 2-acetylhydrazide .............................................................................................................................................................................. ....... 3148-73-0

769. Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-, (2-hydroxyphenyl)m ethylene hydrazide .................................................................................................................................... 3232-36-8

770. Carbopo ydrazonic dihydrazide, m ononltrate ....................................................................................................................................................................... 4000-16-2

771. 1,2-Hydrazinedicarboxylic acid, di lethyl ester ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4114-28-7

772. Hydrazinecarboxylic acid, ethyl ester ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 4114-31-2

773. L.3.Benzenedisuffonic acid, dihydrazide ................................................................... ; ................................................................................................ 4547-70-0

774. 2(1P)-Pyridinone, hydrazone .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4930-9 8-7

775. Hydraznecarbothioam ide, 2- 2-(hydroxyim ino)o1-m ethylpropylldene ................................................................................................................................... 5012-80-6

776. Carbonohydrazonic dihydrazide, monohydrochlodde...........................................- ... 5329-29-3

777. .Hydraznecarboxylic acid, phenylm ethy ester ........................................................................................................................................ ........................... 5331-43-1

778. 2-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 3-hydroxy-, hydrazide ............................................................................................................................................................. 5341-45 -2

779. Hydrazlnecarbothioam ide, N-phenyl. ...... .. . ...................................................................................................................................... ..................... 5351-69-9

780. H lrazinecarbothioam ide 2-(1.3-benzodioxol-5-y methylene)-. ........................................................................................................................................... 5351-5-9

781. Hydrazlna, 1-phenyl-l-phenylm ethyl)-, m onohydrochloridde .............................................................................................................................................. 5705-15-7

782. Hydrazine, cyclohexyl- ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 6498-34-6

783. Acetic acid, .2-(4-am inophenyl)hydrazide ................................................................................................................................................................................. 6596-74- 3

784. ,Hyf azine ethylt ethanedioate (1:1) ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 6629-60-3

785. Hydrazinec rboxaldehyde, 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-. .......................................................................................................................................................................... 6632-39-9

786. Benzenediazonium , 4- (Z6-dichloro-4-nitrophenyl)azo -2,5-di-m ethoxy-. .......................................................................................................................... 6709-58-6

787. L-Tyrosine, hydrazide ........................................ ...................... - ........................................ ............................................. ............................................ ......... 7662-51-3

788. .Hydrazinecarbox midam ide, m ononitrate ....................................................................................................................................................... .............. . 10308-82-4

789.1 Hydrazlecarbothioam ide, N -ethyl-. ........................................................................................................................................................................................... t3431-34-0

790. Hydrazine, (4-chlorophenyl) , sulfate (2:1) .............................................................................................................................................. .. .. 14581-21-6

791. Benzenediazonium, 2,5-dichloro-....... .................................................................................................................................................................. 15470-55-0

792. Hydrazine, (1-m ethylethyl)-, m onohydrochlodde .. ....................................................................................................................................................... 16726-41-3

793. Benrolc acid, 2-hydroxy-3,5-dinitro-, (5-nitro-2-furanyl)m ethylenehydrazide ..................................................................................................................... 16915-70-1

794. Hydradne, 13,4-dim ethoxyphenyt)-, hydrochlo dde ..... ........................................................................................................................................................ 20329-82-2

795. 1.4-Benzeedicarboxylic acid, monomethyl ester, 2- 4-(methoxycarbonyl)benzoyt hydrazide ........................................................................................ 24090-79-1

796. Ber .oic acid. 4-hydrazino-, m onohydrochloride ..... ........................................................................................................................................................ 24589-77-3

797.. Hydrazine. (1.1-dim ethylpropyl). m onohydrochlorid ................................................................................................................... . .... 25544-81-4

79. 2(1 )-Naphthalenone, thiocarbohydrazone ........... .......................................................................................................................................................... 27766-21-8

799. Hexanadioic acid, bLs(2-acetylhydrazide) ................................................................................................................................................................................ 34375-39-8

800. Carboni itc dihydrazide, hydrochloride ............... ......................................................................................................................................................... 38360-74-6

601. Hydrazinecarboxaldehyde, 2-(4-m ethylphenyl)- ................................................ : ................................................................................................................. 38577-24-1

802. 1-taphthalenesulfonic od acid, 6-diazo-5,6-dihydro-5-oxo , 2-m ethoxyethy ester ............................................................................................................... 42372-33-8

803. Benzenediazoniun, 5-chloro-2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-.. .... ......... .... 44......................................................

46813-44-9

604. Benzoic acid, 2-am ino, (2-hydroxy-l-naphthalenyl)m ethylane hydrazide ............. ............................................................................................................ 50886- 2-9

605. Propaoic acid, 2.2-dimethyl-, 2- (methylamino)thioxomethyl hydrazide.....xide ............. ........................................................................................ 51672-22-1

806. Benzoic acid, 2-hydrazino-, m onohydrochlorid e-_. ......... ......................................................................................................................................... 52356-01-1

807. Hydrazine, (2-chloro-4,6-dim ethylphenyl). ......... . .............. ............................................................................................................................... 55034-69-0

808. 2-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid. 2-(2-naphthalenylcarbonyl)hydrazide .................................................................................... ...................................... 56149-12-3

809. 2-Naphthaanecarboxy acid, 3-methoxy-, 2- (3- thoxy-2-naphthaenyt)carbony hydrozide ..................................................................................-. 58698-34-3

810. Q inofine, 3-hydrazino-, dihydroch oride ............ .................................. .............................................................................................. ........... 61621-35-0

811. Hydrazine, (2,4,6-trichorophenyl)-, sulfate....- . ........ . . . .................................................................................................. 63133-79-9

812. Acetic acid, 2- 4- 2- 2,4-bis(l,1-dimethylpropyl)ph noxy -5-ntrobenzoyl amino phenyl hydrazide .......................-.................................................... 63134-31-6

813. Acetic acid, 2- 4-[L5-amino-2-2,4-bia(t1-dimethypropyt)phenoxybenzoyljamino]phenyl]bydrazide ........... . ............................. 63134-32-7

814. Thiouree, N-[4-(2-form ylhydrazino)phenyl-N'-phenyl ...................................................... .......................... ............................................................ 63148-78-7

815. Dodecanedio c acid, bis 2-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)hydr ide ...................................-........................................................................................................... 63245-38-5

816. iHydrazir-ecarboxaldehyde, 2-(4-am inophenyQ -. ...................................................-...................................... ....-..............-.-.-.....-............................... 634 02-2 -
Federal R'gister'/ Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices 41231

No. Chemical Name CAS No.

817. Benzoic acid, (2-ethylhexylidene)hydrazide ............................................................................................................................................................................. 63451-38-7

818. Benzoic acid, (2-methylpropylidene)hydrazide .................................................................. 63494-84-8

819. 1,4-Benzenedicarboxytic acid. monomethyl ester, 2-(1-oxo-3-phenyt-2-propenyl)hydrazide.................................. ... 64033-96-1

820. Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxyo, 2-(1-oxo-3-phenyl-2-propenyl)hydrazide ......................................................................................................... 64078-75-7

821. Methanesuffonamide, N-[2-(4-hydrazinophenyl)ethyl]-, sulfate (2:1) .................................................................................................. 65665-49-8

822. Hydrazinecarboximidamide, N(or 2)-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylene]-. .................................................................................................. 67763-12-

823. Dodecanoic acid, 2-(aminothioxomethyl)-l-(1-oxododecyl)hydrazide ...................................................................................................... 68516-83-

824. Hydrazine, 1,2-bis(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)- ............................................................................................................................................. .. ..... 68683-32-9

825. Benzoic acid, 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, (2-hydroxy-l-naphthalenyl)-methylene hydrazide ...................................................................... 68758-85-0

826. Hydrazine, 1,1-dimethyl-2-(phenylmethy)-, monohydrochloride ........................................................................................................... 68957-34-6

827. Benzenediazonium, 2,5-dichloro-4-sulfo-, hydroxide, inner salt .............................................................................................................. .......... 69121-21-7

828. Hydrazine, [4-(phenylsulfonyl)phenyl-.. ............................................................................................................................................................. ........ 70714-83-9

829. 1-Naphthalenesulfonic acid, 6-diazo-5,6-dihydro-5-oxo-, 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl ester .................................................................. 71550-36-2

830. Diazenecarbothloic acid, [1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl., 2-1,1-biphenyl]-4-yhydrazde .................................................................................................................. 73507-47-8

1.3.f Removals. No chemicals were removed from the Priority Testing List numbers for the original Committee

removed from the Priority Testing List since the ITC's 1st Report in October designation or recommendation are

as a result of recent (within the past 1977 (Table 2). Reasons for removing listed in Table 2. Reports have been

year) EPA responses to Committee chemicals from the Priority Testing List consistently published every 6 months

recommendations. However, the as well as the reference for the original since October 1977, e.g., the loth Report

Committee is providing a complete list Committee designation or was published in May 1982.

of 92 chemicals and 18 chemical groups recommendation are contained in the FR

that have been recommended and citations listed in Table 2. The Report

TABLE 2.-REMOVALS FROM THE TSCA SECTION 4(E) PRIORITY TESTING LIST

Report Chemical/Group FR Citation Publication Date

No.

A lkyl epoxides ..................................................................................................................................................................................

A lkyl phthalates ................................................................................................................................................................................

Chlorinated benzenes (mono and di-health) .....................................................................................................................

Chlorinated benzenes (mono and di-environmental) ..................................................................................................................

Chlorinated paraffins ........................................................................................................................................................................

Choromethane.................................................

Cresols .................................................................... .....

Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene ................................................................................................................................................................

N itrobenzene ............................................................................................................................

Too enlu e .... ...............................................................................................................................

Xyy ne s .n ... ................................................................................................................................

1,1,1 -Trichloroethane ............................................................

Acrylam ide (health) ...............................................................

Acrylam ide (environm ental) .................................................

fi A nh kh 6

,, ., vo W , ,a 0 ....................................................................................................... . ................................................. ............

Chlorinated naphthalenes ...............................................................................................................................................................

Dichloromethane ...................................................................

Halogenated alkyl epoxides .............................................................................................................................................................

Polychloridnated terphenyls ...............................................................................................................................................................

Pyridine ...............................................................................................................................................................................................

1,2-Dichloropropane ........................................................................................................................................................................

Chlorinated benzenes (tritetra and penta-health) .............

Chlorinated benzenes (tri.tetra and:penta-environmental)

4,4'-M ethylenedianiline ............................................................................................................................................................................

Ac etonitile ......................................................................................................................................................................................

Aniline and bromo-, chloro-or nitroanilines ...................................................................................................................................

Antimony metal .................................................................................................................................................................................

Antimony sulfide ................................................................................................................................................................................

Antimony trioxide ..............................................................................................................................................................................

Cyclohexanone ............................................................................................................................................ ; .....................................

49 FR 449

46 FR 53775

45 FR 48524

49 FR 1760

47 FR 1017

45 FR 46524

48 FR 31812

47 FR 58029

46 FR 30300

47 FR 56391

47 FR 56392

46 FR 30300

45 FR 48510

48 FR 725

48 FR 57452

46 FR 54491

46 FR 30300

48 FR 57695

46 FR 54482

47 FR 58031

49 FR 899

45 FR 48524

49 FR 1760

48 FR 57562

48 FR 31806

47 FR 58020

49 FR 108

48 FR 717

48 FR 717

48 FR 717

49 FR 136

January 4,1984

October 30,1981

July 18, 1980

January 13,1984

January 8,1982

July 18, 1980

July 11, 1983

December 29,1982

June 5, 1981

December 16,1982

December 16,1982

June 5, 1981

July 18, 1980

January 6,1983

December 29,1983

November 2,1981

June 5, 1981

December 30,1983

November 2,1981

December 29.1982

January 6,1984

July 18, 1980

January 13.1984

December 30,1983

July 11, 1983

December 29,1982

January 3,1984

January 6,1983

January 6,1983

January 6,1983

January 3,1984

I .............................................................................................

..........................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................
Federal Register I VoL 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

TABLE 2.-REMOVALS FROM THE TSCA SECTION 4(E) PRIORITY TESTING LST-Continued

RFert Chemical/Group FR Citation Publication Date

". nwAuu I1ofu uYUIAup u ItIiU. ........................................................................................................................................................... . ..

4 4sophorone .................................................................................. .... . ..... ............... ............................ . ...................

4 M esltyt oxide .............................................................................................................................................................................

4 M ethyl ethyl ketone ....................... .. . . . ..................................................................................................

Methyl isobutyl ketone ..................................

Beanzidine-. o-dianisidine and o-tolidine based dyes.

nyuroquinon ...................................................................................................................................................................................

Quinone ..............................................................................................................................................................................................

Phenylenediamlnes .........................................................................................................................................................................

Alkyltins ...................................................................................................................................................................................

Butyl benzyl hthalate ...... ...................................................... .........................................................................

ButI glyc ol butylphthalate ............................................................................. . ..................................................................

Fluoroalkenes ............................................................................................................................................................................

2-Chlorotoluene ..........................................................................................................................................................................

Diethylenetriam ine .................................... : ......................... ..... .. . ................... ..................................... ................ ..........

Hexachloroethane .............................................................................................................................................................................

4-Chlorobenzotrfluorde .......................................................................................................................

Chorendic acid .... ...................................................................................................................................................................

Trs(2-chloroethyl) phosphite ...........................................................................................................................................................

1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene ...................................................................................................................................................................

Bipheny! ............................................... ..............................................................................................................................................

Ethyltduene .......................................................................................................................................................................................

Fo ma emide ........................................................................................................................................................................................

1,3-DioKolane .....................................................................................................................................................................................

4-(1,1,3,3-Tetram ethylbuty)phenol ................................................................................................................................................

B s(2-e hexyl)terephthelate .......................................................................................................................................................

Carboturan interm ediates ..............................................................................................................................................................

Dibuty in bis(isooctytm aleate) ....................................................................................................................................................

DibU bis(Isoocty1m ercaptoacetate) .............. ................................................................................................................

Dibutyitin bis(laurelmercaptide) ........

Dibuty1ftn ditaurate ............

I V..Uiq i.[i*U I| .. .... . . . . ............................................................................

Mornobutyltin tris(isooctymercaptoacetate).

Monomethyltin tris(isooclylmercaptoacetate)

2 ,- MMIeno fYtha n 5w .......... ..... ....... ... ......... ................... . . . ........ 2-Pheno ehanol .................................................... ......... ................... ............. . ......... ........... .......................... .......................

Calcium naphthenate ................................................................................ ...................................................-..................

Cobalt mae hthenale .....................................................................................................................................................................

MeiRmyieurea .....................................................................................................................................................................................

,2.3.4.7.7-Hexachloronorbornadiene ..................................................................................................................................

Diethyloneglycol butyl etheracetate .................... ...................................

Ethylene bis(oxyethylene)diacetaete ................................................................................................................................................

Oleylam ine .....................................................................................................................................................................................

1,2- ibromo-4-(1,2-dibrom oethyl)cyclohexane .......................................................................................................................

2-Ethylhexanoic acid .....................................................................................................................................................................

3.4-Dichlorobenzotrluoride .............................................................................................................................................................

Bispherol A .. .... ... ...... ..... ..............................................................................................................................................................

Diisoprepylbiphenyl .........................................................................................................................................................................

Isopro dbiphenyl .................................................... :....................................................................................................

9.10-Arthraquinone ........................................................................................................................................................................

Chloroprene .......................................................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................

. . . ....... ................... .............. . ....... ................... -------

47 FR 58023

48 FR 727

48 FR 30699

47 FR 50025

47 FR 58025

46 FR 55004

49 FR 438

49 FR 456

47 FR 973

47 FR 5456

46 FR 53775

46 FR 54487

46 FR 53704

47 FR 3596

47 FR 18386

47 FR 18175

47 FR 50555

47 FR 44878

47 FR 49466

48 FR 23088

48 FR 23080

48 FR 23088

48 FR 23098

48 FR 51839

48 FR 51971

48 FR 51845

50 FR 29761

48 FR 51361

48 FR '51361

48 FR 51361

48 FR 51361

48 FR 51361

48 FR 51361

48 FR 51361

48 FR 51824

49 FR 21407

49 FR 21411

49 FR 21411

49 FR 21411

49 FR 21371

49 FR 45654

49 FR 45606

49 FR 45651

49 FR 45610

50 FR 19460

50 FR 20678

52 FR 23547,

50 FR 20691

50 FR 18920

50 FR 18920

50 FR 46090.

50 FR 29761.

41232

Lead gN ienaie ..........................................................................................................................................................................

December 29.1982

Jarway 6,1983

July 5, 1983

December 29,1982

December 29,1982

November 5,1981

January 4,1984

January 4,1984

January 8,1982

February 5,1982

October 30,1981

November 2,1981

October 30,1981

January 26,1982

April 29, 1982

April 28, 1982

November 8,1982

October 12,1982

November 1,1982

May 23, 1983

May 23, 1983

May 23,1983

May 23, 1983

November 14,1983

November 15,1983

November 14,1983

July 22, 1985

November 8,1983

-November 8,1983

November 8,1983

November 8,1983

November 8,1983

November 8,1983

November 8,1983

November 14,1983

May 21, 1984

May 21, 1984

May 21. 1984

May 21, 1984

May 21, 1984

November 19,1984

November 19.1984

November 19,1984

November 19,1984

May 8, 1985

May 17, 1985

June 23, 1987

May 17, 1985

May 3, 1985

May 3, 1985

November 6,1985

August 26,1985

............ . .. . ........ ..... .......................... ................................................................

......... . ........... ... ..... ............................... I ... I ..............................

. . .... ......... . .............................................

. .... .... ............................... ............. .........
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

TABLE 2.-REMOVALS FROM THE TSCA SECTION 4(E) PRIORITY TESTING LIST-Continued

Report Chemical/Group FR Citation Publication Date

No.

15 Cumene: .............................. ... . ... .. .. ................................... *. ........................................... ........ .............. ............... I........... 50 FR 46104 November 6,1985

16 2-Marcaptobenzothiazole ..................................................................................................................................................... 50 FR 46121 November 6,1985

15 Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane ............................................................................................................................................. 50 FR 45123 October 30,1985

15 Pentabromoethylbenzene ........................................................................................................................................... 50 FR 46785 November 13,1985

15 Sodium N-methyl-N-oleoyltaurine ...... ............................................................. .......................... . ..................................... 50 FR 46178 November 6,1985

16 Methylcyclopentane ......................................................................................................................................................... 51 FR 17854 May 15, 1986

.16 Tetrabromobisphenol A ............................ ......................................................................................... 51 FR 17872 May 15. 1986

16 Triethylene glycol monobutylether . .... er ................................................................. ; ......................................................... 51 FR 27883 May 15, 1986

16 Triethylene glycol monoethylether ....... .................................................................................................................................. 51 FR 27883 May 15, 1986

16 Tnethylene glycol monomethylether ................................................................... ..... . . . 51 FR 27883 May 15, 1986

17 Diisodecyl phenyl phosphte ......... .................................................................................................. ................................ 54 FR 8112 February 24,1989

18 2.6-Dit-tertbutylphenol. .................... 52 FR 23862 June 25, 1987

18 Cyclohexane ............................ .... ..................................................................................................................................... 52 FR 19096 May 20, 1987

19 Methylethyl ketoxime ............... ........ ....................................................................................................................................... 53 FR 35838 September 15.1988

19 Tnbutylphosphate ..................... ... .................................................................................................................. : ................ 52 FR 43346 November 12,1987

19 Disperse blue dye 79 (bromoethoxy substituted) ......................................................................... . ............ 54 FR 48102 November 21.1989

20 Disperse blue dye (chloroethoxy substitut. ............................................................................................................................ 54 FR 4102 November 21,1989

20 Disperse blue dye (chloromethoxy substituted) ......................................................................................................................... 54 FR 48102 November 21,1989

20 Disperse blue dye 79:1 (bromomethoxy substituted) ............................................................. ............................. ......... 54 FR 48102 November 21.1989

20 Ethylbenzene ........ .......... . . ..................... 53 FR 46262 November 16,1988

20 Isopropanol. .............. ................. ..................... 53 FR 8638 March 16,1988

20 Methyl tert-butyl ether. ...... ...................................... 53 FR 10391 March 31. 1988

21 Acid blue 4 .................................. .... 53 FR 18198 May 20,1988

21 Acid blue 45 ... .. . .................................................................. ..................................... 53 FR 18196 May 20. 1988

21 Acid form of Acid blue 4 ........ ..................................................................... ......................... 53 FR 18196 May 20, 1988

21 Acd form ofAcid blue 45. ----............ . .. . . 53 FR 18198 May 2,1988

21 Disperse blue 56 ........................ . .. ............................................................................................................................... 53 FR 18196 May 20. 1988

21 Disperse red 60 ........................ . . .................................................................................. 53 FR 18198 May 20. 1988

22 1,6-Hexamethylenediisocyanate ........................................... . .... . . 54 FR 21240 May 17, 1989

23 Crotonaldehyde ........................ .. ...................................................................................................................... 54*FR 47062 November 9,1989

1.4 The TSCA section 4(e) Priority chemical groups. These revisions are section 8(a) and 8(d). reporting

Testing List. Section 4(e)[1](B) of TSCA listed in Table 1. requirements. Tables 2 (Removals from

directs the Committee to: .. * * make The Priority Testing List (Table 3) the Priority Testing List) and 3 (the

such revisions in the [priority] list as it includes designated, recommended with Priority Testing List) list the 123

determines to be necessary and * * * intent-to-designate'and recommended chemicals and 38 chemical groups that

transmit them to the Administrator chemicals. Individual chemicals in have been recommended or designated

together with the Committee's reasons Priority Testing List chemical groups are for testing since the Committee's 1st

for the revisions.> Under this authority, listed in Table I or the paragraph Report in October 1977. Table 3 reads as the Committee is revising the Priority following Table 1 of this and previous follows:

Testing List by designating 6 chemicals Reports with appropriate notes that

and recommending 3 chemicals and 11 minimize ambiguities related to TSCA

TABLE 3.-THE TSCA SECTION 4(E) PRIORITY TESTING LIST

Date Entry Action

May 1988 . ............ ........................

May 1988 ....................................

November 1988...........

November 1956.........................

November 1988

November 1988 ...................

Ethoxylated quaternary ammonium compounds. ........ ...............

Imidazolium quaternary ammonium compounds ...........................

Recommended

Recommended

Tetrakis(2-chloroethylthytenediphosphate................... Recommended with

Tds(1,3-dcchloro-2-propytphosphatep....a.......................... Recommended with

Tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate. ......... ........... . . .. Recommended with

Tris(2-chloro-l-propyf) phosphate .... ............................... .......... Recommended with

Intent-to-designate

intent-to-designate

Intent-to-designate

Intent-to-designate

41233
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday,"August 19, 1991./ Notices

TABLE 3.-THE TSCA SECTION 4(E) PRIORITY TESTING LIST-Continued

November 1988 ..........................

November 1988 ....................................................

November 1988 ....................................................

November 1988 ................................. I...................

November 1988 ....................................................

November 1988 ....................................................

November 1988 ..........................

November 1988 ....................................................

May 1990 ............... . .............

May 1990 ..............................................................

May 1990 ..............................................................

November 1990....................................................

pjovemoer

November

November

November

November

November

November

November

November

November

November

November

November

May 1991

May 1991

May 1991

May 1991

May 1991

May 1991

May 1991

May 1991

Tdis(2-chloroethyl)-phosphate ....................................................................

Butyraldehyde ...........................................................................................

1,2-Bis(2,4,6-tribrom ophenoxy)-ethans ....................................................

Decabrom odiphenyl ether ............................................. G .................. :

nrte hrumocy nIo o g cne .............................................................. a..........

Octab , ,ro , i , m , et,,er...........................................................................

Pentabromodiphenyl ether .........................................................................

Brominated flame retardants ................................

Isocvanates ............................................................................................

Brominated flame reuiroanrs . ..................

AiKy pnospna zes ......................................................................................

Vinylcyclohexene .....................................................................................

1990 ..................................................... ..oaium cyaniae ............................................................................................

1990 ..................................................... Acrylic acid ...................................................................................

1990 ..................................................... Acetophenone ............................................................................................

1990 ..................................................... Phenol ................................................................................................

1990 ..................................................... NN-Dim ethylaniline .................................................

1990 ..................................................... Eth ylacetate ..............................................................................................

1990 .................................................. 2,6-Dim ethylphenol .................... .......... .......................

1990 ........................ * ................... ....... Aldehydes ...............................................................................................

1990 ..................................................... 2,4-Dinitrophenol .........................................................................................

1990 .................................................. 3,4-Dim ethylphenol ......................................................................................

1990 ..................................................... N-phenyl-1-naphthylam ine ..................................... ....................

1990 .................................................... Sulfones ............................... ..............................................................

1990 ..................... Substantially produced chemicals In need of subchronlc tests............

............................................................... Acetone ............................................................................................

............................................................... n-Butanol ............................................................................................... ......

...................... .................... ................. .Isobutanol ........................................................... : .........................................

............................................................. Di-(2-ethylhexyl)adipate .............................................................................

............................................................... Dim ethyl terephthalate ...............................................................................

......................................................... I Thiophenol ...............................................................................................

............................................................. m -Dinltrobenzene ........................................................................... o ...........

............................................................... Ally alcohol ................................................................. ...............................

M ay 1991 ................................. ; ............................

M ay 1991 ..............................................................

M ay 1991 ..............................................................

M ay 1991 .............................................. : ...............

M ay 1991 .............................................................

M ay.1991 ..............................................................

M ay 1991 ...............................................................

M ay 1991 ................................................ 0 ..............

M ay .1991 .........................................................

M ay 1991 ....................................... ! ......................

M ay 1991 ...............................................................

M ay 1991 ........................................................

2,4-Dichlorophenol.; .................................................................................

Alkynes .................................................................................................

Nitroalcohols ..............................................................................................

Phosphoniums ............................................................................................

Hydrazines .................................................................................................

Oxiranes ......................................................................................................

Alkoxysilanes ..............................................................................................

, iuenyoe nyoraies .............................................................................. eco mmenoao

Propylene glycol ethers and esters ........................................................... Recommended

M ethyl ethylene glycol ethers ................................................................... Recommended

isoiniocyanaies ........................................................................................... 1 ecom menaea

uyanoacrylates ................................................................................. . . Recommended

Chapter 2--Recommendations of the

Committee

2.1 Chemicals recommended for

priority consideration by the EPA

Administrator. As provided by section

4(e)(1)(B) of TSCA. the Committee is

revising the Priority Testing List by

designating six chemicals and

recommending three chemicals and

eleven chemical groups (see Table 1).

The recommendation of these chemicals

is made after considering the factors

identified in section 4(e)(1)(A) and other

relevant information, such as the

chemical testing information

deficiencies of Member Agencies.

2.2 Designated chemicals-2.2.a. IRIS

chemicals- Introduction. The

Committee reviewed a subset of

chemicals that are listed on the EPA's

Integrated Risk Information System

Action

Recommended with Intent-to-designate

Recommended

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Recommended

Recommended with intent-to-designte

Recommended

Recommended

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Recommended with intent-to-designate

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Designated

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

Recommended

4i 34
Federal Reeister / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices413

(IRIS). IRIS is an electronic database,

prepared and maintained by EPA. that

contains health risk and EPA regulatory

information on chemical substances.

IRIS was developed for EPA staff in

response to a growing demand for

consistent risk information on chemical

substances for use in decisionmaking

and regulatory activities. Although IRIS

was designed for EPA staff, it is also

accessible to state and local

environmental health agencies, private

citizens, libraries and organizations

through Dialcom, Inc.'s Electronic Mail

telecommunications system. For more

information contact IRIS User Support in

EPA's Environmental Criteria and

Assessment Office, Cincinnati, Ohio

(513/569-7254 or FTS 684-7254).

The EPA's Reference Concentration

(RfC)/Reference Dose (RID) Workgroup

asked the ITC to designate or

recommend inhalation(RfC) or oral(RfD)

testing of IRIS chemicals to provide data

to develop or improve RfC or RED

values. An RfC or RID value is an

estimate of how much of a chemical

people can inhale or ingest daily without

experiencing deleterious effects during

part or all of their lifetime.

The Committee-activated

comprehensive networking and

Information exchange processes were

used to facilitate communication and

coordination of chemical testing. The

Committee considered unpublished

studies in Member Agency's files and

past, present and future Member Agency

activities. The Committee discussed

studies conducted by NTP and EPA's

Health Effects Research Laboratory and

Environmental Research Laboratories,

studies sponsored by NIOSH, studies

used by OSHA and CPSC, studies

submitted under TSCA as well as

studies in FDA's files. The Committee

learned about ongoing international

activities, about ATSDR's data research

needs, about EPA's Toxics Release

Inventory (TRI) information, about

Health Hazard Evaluations and Hazard

Evaluation and Technical Assistance

Reports, walk-through surveys, etc.,

conducted by NIOSH, uses considered

by the FDA, activities under other

statutes, and so on. As part of the

Committee's efforts to comprehensively

consider testing information

deficiencies, the Committee reviewed

available information on physical/

chemical properties and persistence as.

well as ecological effects and identified

a number of chemical fate and aquatic

toxicity testing information deficiencies.

EPA's Neurobehavioral Toxicology

Branch also reviewed these chemicals

for potential neurotoxicology concerns

and the Committee identified

neurotoxicity testing deficiencies.

For 36 IRIS chemicals, the Committee

has completed partial (21) or

comprehensive (15) assessments of

available health effects, chemical fate

and ecological effects information. As a

result of these assessments, the

Committee designated six chemicals

and recommended three chemicals for

testing (see Table 1). Three chemicals

were recommended, because the

Committee wants to review the TSCA

section 8(a) and 8(d) information and

any use exposure and release or

physical chemical property information

that is voluntarily submitted, before

deciding whether to designate these

chemicals for testing. The Committee

has considered, but is not

recommending health effects or

chemical fate testing at this time for four

IRIS chemicals (aldehydes - chloral,

furfural, benzaldehyde and acrolein)

that were recommended for ecological

effects testing in the 27th Report,

because it wants to review the

submitted TSCA section 8(d) studies to

avoid duplicative and unnecessary

testing and to review the TSCA section

8(a) submitted information as well as

any use exposure and release or

physical chemical property information

that is voluntarily submitted, before

deciding whether to designate these

chemicals for testing. The Committee is

returning 2 chemicals to the EPA

because the Committee's review

identified health effects data that appear

to be sufficient to reduce the uncertainty

associated with risk assessments

(cyclohexane, CAS No. 110-82-7 and

chloroprene, CAS No. 126-99-8). Both of

these chemicals were previously

recommended for testing by the ITC;

EPA's implementation of the

Committee's testing recommendations

and testing by NTP provided sufficient

'health effects data. None of the IRIS

chemicals that were designated or

recommended for testing in this 28th

Report were listed in Title III of the 1990

amendments of the Clean Air Act. The

Committee is continuing to review

Information on numerous IRIS

chemicals, including 21 that are listed in

the Clean Air Act. One of these 21

chemicals, phosgene (CAS No. 75-44-5)

was deferred in this Report (see Chapter

1.3.e).

During the review of dimethyl

terephthalate. the Committee evaluated

the testing information deficiencies

associated with terephthalic acid (CAS

No. 100-21-0), because there are several

facilities that have capabilities of

producing over a billion pounds of

dimethyl terephthalate or terephthalic

acid per annum. The Committee

reviewed exposure information, the

December 10, 1990 Notice of Final

Rulemaking delisting terephthalic acid

from the Toxic Release Inventory (TRI),

the documentation supporting that

delisting, the available data that EPA

cited in their recently proposed

developmental toxicity and reproductive

effects testing rule, as well as a

considerable volume of publiclyavailable information on chemical fate,

ecological effects and health effects of

terephthalic acid. Based on this review

the Committee is not recommending

terephthalic acid for chemical fate,

ecological effects or health effects

testing at this time. The Committee

shares EPA's concern about the

potential of terephthalic acid to cause

adverse reproductive effects and is

soliciting voluntary submission of

studies related to terephthalic acid's

developmental toxicity potential,

because there were no publiclyavailable developmental toxicity

studies.

Summary of recommended studies.

Recommended studies are summarized

in Table 1.

Acetone (CAB No. 67-64-1).

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has information on the

measured physical chemical properties

of acetone, including melting point (-94.7

°C; Ref. 12, Riddick 1986), boiling point

(56.07 'C; Ref. 12, Riddick 1986), log

octanol/water partition coefficient (-

0.24; Ref. 6, Hansch and Leo 1985), water

solubility (miscible; Ref. 12, Riddick

1986), vapor pressure (231.5 mm Hg @25

°C; Ref. 2. Boublik et al. 1984), and

Henry's Law constant (3.88E-5 atm-m3/

mole @25 'C; Ref. 15, Snider and

Dawson 1985).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee reviewed

available exposure information

including the data EPA cited in their

recently proposed neurotoxicity testing

rule (Ref. 21, U.S. EPA 1991). In addition,

the Committee has reviewed other

supporting. information listed below. In

1989,1.145 billion kilograms of acetone

-were produced at 11 facilities in the

United States (Ref. 22, USITC 1990).

There were 13 facilities that

manufactured acetone in the U.S. in 1990

(Ref. 16, SRI 1990). Acetone has the -

following uses: -in the manufacture of

methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid

and higher methacrylates 40 percent;

solvent uses 20 percent; Bisphenol-A 13

Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

41235
41ediai Register .ol; 56, No. 160 /. onday; August. 19,"1901 / otices

percent; methyl isobutyl ketone and

methyl isobutyl carbinol 10 percent; drug

and pharmaceutical applications 6

percent; miscellaneous chemical uses 5

percent; exports 6 percent (Ref. 3, CMR

1990). Solvent and miscellaneous uses of

acetone include paint, varnish and

lacquer solvent; cellulose acetate,

especially as spinning solvent; to clean

and dry parts of precision equipment;

solvent for potassium iodide and

permanganate; delusterant for cellulose

acetate fibers; specification testing of

vulcanized rubber products (Ref. 13, Sax

and Lewis 1987).

B.Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The Committee reviewed

available human exposure information

including the use of acetone in a variety

of commercial and consumer

applications that may lead to worker

and consumer exposure, which EPA

cited in their recently proposed

neurotoxicity testing rule (Ref. 21, U.S.

EPA 1991). OSHA's proposed and final

rule Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) of

750 ppm and STEL of 1,000 ppm for

acetone was established from the

NIOSH recommended limit, which was

based on several industrial and human

studies indicating irritation and central nervous system effects resulting from

exposure to acetone at concentrations

below 1,000 ppm (Ref. 20, U.S. EPA

1989). The National Occupational

Exposure Survey (NOES) conducted

during 1981-83 by NIOSH reported that

1,510,107 workers (466,647 females) were

potentially exposed to acetone. Of these

workers, 69 percent were potentially

exposed during the use of trade name products containing acetone (Ref. 10,

NIOSH 1989). In a pilot study of

personal air samples of persons living in

urban New Jersey, acetone was

qualitatively detected in 8 of 8 samples

indicating possible human exposure in

ambient urban air (Ref. 23, Wallace et

al. 1984).

C. Environmental exposure. The

Committee reviewed available

environmental exposure information

including the data that EPA cited in their

recently proposed neurotoxic ity testing

rule (Ref. 21, U.S. EPA 1991). According

to TRI, 191,111,104 lbs of acetone were

released to air, 2,030,623 lbs were

released to water, 293,397 lbs were released to land, 14,528,002 lbs were'

released to publicly owned treatment

works (POTWs) in 1987 (Ref. 18, TRI

1990). Acetone was found in 10 drinking

water supplies in 10 different cities in

the United States in 1974-1975; of these

drinking water supplies, it was detected

at a concentration of 1.0 ppb in one

supply (Ref. 19, U.S. EPA 1975). It was

found at concentrations ranging from 1-4

ppb in 3 of 8 surface water sampling

sites in the Lake Michigan basin (Ref. 5,

Ewing et al. 1977; Ref. 7, Konasewich'et

al. 1978).

According to the 1987 update of the

National Ambient Volatile Organic

Compounds Data Base, which includes

data from 1970-1980, acetone may be

present at low concentrations in

ambient air at a daily average

concentration of 6.93 ppbv and a median

concentration of 0.93 ppbv (Ref. 14, Shah

and Heyerdahl 1988). Acetone has been

detected at an average concentration of

1147 ppb in 3 test runs in municipal

wastewater and 29 ppb in POTW

secondary effluent (Ref. 1, Bhattacharya

et al. 1990). Acetone has been detected

in smoke from burning wood,

automobile exhaust, and particle board

(Ref. 9, Lipari et al. 1984; Ref. 17,

Tichenor and Mason 1988; Ref. 24,

Westerhoim et al. 1988).

I. Chemical Fate Information

The need for chemical fate testing of

acetone was considered by the

Committee and is not recommended at

this time.

II. Health Effects Information

EPA's RfC/RfD Workgroup requested

that the ITC review health effects testing

for acetone because there is a low

confidence in the RfD value and no RfC

value. The Committee reviewed recent,

publicly-available health effects studies

and recommended testing based on

insufficient studies that could increase

the confidence in the RfD value.

The Committee reviewed available

reproductive effects data. A mild toxic

effect on spermatogenesis (depressed

caudal and epididymal weights,

decreased sperm motility, and increased

incidence of malformed sperm) was

seen in male mice administered 50,000

ppm in drinking water for 13 weeks (Ref.

11, NTP 1990). In a reproductive effects

screening test, no maternal toxicity was

noted in pregnant female mice

administered 3500 mg/kg/day of

acetone by gavage on gestation days 6

through 15, but the treated groups

showed decreased reproductive index,

increased gestation length, reduced birth

weights, decreased neonatal survival,

and increased neonatal weight (Ref. 4,

EHRT 1989). Available studies indicate

.that acetone is a potential reproductive

toxicant, but are insufficient to

characterize the reproductive effects of

acetone because only one dose was

tested and only one generation was

studied.

The Committee reviewed available

neurotoxicity data including evidence of

depressed neurological function

resulting from inhalation exposure to

humans, rats and mice that EPA cited in

their recently proposed neurotoxicity .

testing rule (Ref. 21, U.S. EPA 1991). In

addition to studies reviewed by EPA,

the Committee reviewed a study in

which rats administered 5% (w/w)

acetone in drinking water for 6 weeks

showed decreased nerve conduction.

velocity during week 6, but not earlier in

the treatment period (Ref. 8, Ladefoged

et al. 1989). Available studies indicate

that acetone is a potential

neurotoxicant, are insufficient to

comprehensively characterize the

neurotoxic effects because tests were

conducted only with males or one test

dose, and limited endpoints were

examined.

The Committee recommends

reproductive effects testing because

there are potentially substantial

exposures, and because there are

insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict these effects of

acetone. The Committee is not

recommending neurotoxicity testing

because this testing recommendation

was implemented when EPA

promulgated their recently proposed

neurotoxicity testing rule (Ref. 21, U.S.

EPA 1991).

III. Ecological Effects Information

The need for ecological effects testing

of acetone was considered by the

Committee and is not recommended at

this time.

References

(1) Bhattacharya, S.K., Angara, R.V.R.,

Bishop Jr., D.F., Dobbs, R.A., and

Austern, B.M. "Removal and fate of

RCRA and CERCLA toxic organic

pollutants in wastewater treatment."

Cincinnati, OH: U.S. EPA, Risk

Reduction Engineering Laboratory.

EPA/600/S2-89/026 (1990).

(2) Boublik, T., Fried, V., and Hala, E.

The Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances:

Selected Values of the Temperature

Dependence of the Vapor Pressures of

Some Pure Substances in the Normal

and Low Pressure Region. Amsterdam,

Netherlands:. Elsevier Science

Publishers. 17:178-179 (1984). .

(3)"CMR. "Acetone Chemical Profile."

Chemical Marketing Reporter. July 30

(1990).

(4) EHRT (Environmental Health

Research and Testing, Inc.). "Screening

of priority chemicals for reproductive.

hazards. Bensethonium chloride (CAS

No. 121-54-); 3-ethoxy-l-propanol (CAS

No. 111-35-3); acetone (CAS No. 67-64-

1)." Prepared under contract no. 200-84-

2735 for NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH, NTIS

PB89-139083 (1987).

iiid6
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

(5) Ewing, B.B., Chian, E.S.K., Cook,

J.C., Evans, C.A., Hopke, P.K., and

Perkins, E.G. "Monitoring to 'detect

previously unrecognized pollutants in

surface waters. Appendix: organic

analysis data." EPA-560/6-77-015.

(Appendix: EPA-560/6-77-O15A).

Washington, DC: U.S. EPA. pp. 77 (1975).

(6) Hansch, C., and Leo, A.J. Medchem

Project. Issue 26. Claremont, CA:

Pomona College (1985).

(7) Konasewich, D., Traversy, W., and

Zar, H. "Status report on organic and

heavy metal contaminants in the Lakes

Erie, Michigan, Huron and Superior

basins." Windsor Ontario, Canada:

Great Lake Water Quality Board. pp. 1-

14 (1978).

(8) Ladefoged, 0., Hass, U., and

Simonsen, L. "Neurophysiological and

behavioural effects of combined

exposure to 2.5-hexanedione and

acetone or ethanol in rats."

Pharmacology and Toxicology. 65: 372-

375 (1989).

(9) Lipari, F., Dasch, J.M., and Scruggs,

W.F. "Aldehyde emissions from

woodburning fireplaces." Environmental

Science and Technology. 18: 326-330

(1984).

(10) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health).

National Occupational Exposure Survey

(NOES) (1989)..

(11) NTP (National Toxicology

Program). "Toxicity studies of acetone

in F344/N rats and B6C3F1 mice

(drinking water studies)." NTP

Technical Report TOX 3. Research

Triangle Park, NC: US Department of

Health and Human Services, Public

Health Service, National Institutes of

Health (1990).

(12) Riddick, J.A., Bunger, W.B., and

Sakano, T.K. "Organic Solvents:

Physical Properties and Methods of

Purification," Techniques of Chemistry

Series. 4th edition. New York, NY:

Wiley-Interscience. 2: 336-337 (1986).

(13) Sax. N.I., and Lewis, R.J.

Hawley's Condensed Chemical

Dictionary. l1th edition. New York, NY:

Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. pp. 8.

9 (1987).

(14) Shah, J.J., and Heyerdahl, E.K.

"National ambient volatile organic

compounds (VOC) data base update."

EPA/600/3-88/010(a). Research Triangle

Park, NC: US EPA. pp. 31, 45 (1988).

(15) Snider. J.R., and Dawson, G.A.

"Tropospheric Light Alcohols,

Carbonyls, and Acetonitrile

Concentrations in the Southwestern

United States and Henry's Law Data."

Journal of Geophysical Research. #D2:

90: 3797-3805 (1985).

(16) SRI (SRI International). Directory

of Chemical. Producers. Menlo Park. CA:

SRI International. pp. 434 (1990).

(17) Tichenor, B.A.. and Mason, M.A.

"Organic emissions from consumer

products and building materials to the

indoor environment." Journal of the Air

Pollution Control Association. 38: 264-

268 (1988).

(18) TRI (Toxics Release Inventory).

Database retrieval 7/13/90. US EPA

(1990).

(19) U.S. EPA. "Preliminary

assessment of suspected carcinogens in

drinking water." Report to Congress,

December, 1975. Washington, DC: US

EPA (1975).

(20) Department of Labor.

"Occupational Safety and Health

Administration. Air contaminants, final

rule." Federal Register. 54(12): 2446-2448

(1989).

(21) U.S. EPA. "Multi substance rule

for the testing of neurotoxicity." Federal

Register. 56(42): 9105-9119 (1991).

(22) USITC (US International Trade

Commission). "Synthetic Organic

Chemicals. U.S. Production and Sales

1989". Washington, DC: US Government

Printing Office. Publication No. 2338. pp.

15-5, 15-22 (1990).

(23) Wallace, L.A., Pellizzari, E.,

Hartwell, T., et al. "Personal exposure to

volatile organic compounds. I. Direct

measurements in breathing-zone air,

drinking water, food, and exhaled

breath." Environmental Research. 35:

293-319 (1984).

(24) Westerholm, R.N., Alsberg, T.E.,

Frommelin, A.B., et al. "Effect of fuel

polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

content on the emissions of polycyclic

aromatic hydrocarbons and other

mutagenic substances from a gasoline

fueled automobile." Environmental

Science and Technology. 22: 925-30

(1988).

n-Butanol (CAS No. 71-36-3).

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has information on the

measured physical chemical properties

of n-butanol, including melting point [-

89.5 C; Ref. 28, Weast 1985), boiling

point (117.2 °C; Ref. 28, Weast 1985), log

octanol/water partition coefficient (0.88;

Ref. 10, Hansch and Leo 1985). water

solubility (74,000 mg/L @25 °C; Ref. 30,

Yalkowsky 1987), vapor pressure (7.054

mm Hg @25 °C; Ref. 7, Daubert and

Danner 1985), and Henry's Law constant

(5.57E-6 atm-ms/mole @25 °C; Ref. 15,

Mackay and Yeun 1983).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee reviewed

available exposure information

including the data EPA cited in their

recently proposed neurotoxicity testing

rule (Ref. 25, U.S. EPA 1991). In addition,

the Committee has reviewed other

supporting information listed below. In

1989, 7.941 billion kilograms of n-butanol

were produced at 8 facilities in the

United States (Ref. 26, USITC 1990).

There were 6 facilities that

manufactured n-butanol in the U.S. in

1990 (Ref. 21, SRI 1990). n-Butanol has

the following uses: butyl acrylate and

methacrylate 30 percent glycol ethers 25

percent; exports 16 percent; direct

solvent use 11 percent; butyl acetate 10

percent; plasticizers 4 percent; amino

resins 1 percent; butylamines 1 percent;

miscellaneous 2 percent (Ref. 6, CMR

1990). Solvent and miscellaneous uses of

n-butanol include solvent for resins an4

coatings, dyeing assistant, hydraulic

fluids, detergent formulations, and

dehydrating agent (by azeotropic

distillation) (Ref. 19, Sax and Lewis

1987).

B; Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The Committee reviewed

available human exposure information

including the use of n-butanol in a

variety of commercial and consumer

applications that may lead to worker

and consumer exposure, which EPA

cited in their recently proposed

neurotoxicity testing rule (Ref. 25, U.S.

EPA 1991). OSHA's proposed and final

rule PEL is a 50-ppm ceiling, with a skin

notation because data in beagle dogs

suggests that dermal contact with nbutanol may result in a combined dose

rather than that obtained by inhalation

alone (Ref. 24, U.S. EPA 1989). The

NOES conducted during 1981-83 by

NIOSH reported that 794,284 workers

(115,385 females) were potentially

exposed to n-butanol. Of these workers

96 percent were potentially exposed

during the use of trade name products

containing this compound (Ref. 17,

NIOSH 1989). In a pilot study of human

mother's milk taken from 4 urban areas,

n-butanol was qualitatively detected in

3 of 12 samples (Ref. 18, Pellizzari et al.

1982). This compound was detected in 1

of 12 homes tested in Canada in

November-December, 1986 at a

concentration of 37 pg/m , however, it

was not detected in air outside the

homes (Ref. 5, Chan et al. 1990). nButanol is contained in several foods

which may lead to human exposure. For

example, n-butanol has been

qualitatively detected in cheese, fried

bacon, and Kogyoku apples (Ref. 8,

Dumont and Adda 1978; Ref. 11, Ho et

al. 1983; Ref. 29. Yajima et al. 1984). It

has been detected at concentrations

ranging from 32-145 ppb in dried beans

and at mean concentrations of 53 ppb,

89 ppb, and 32 ppb from dried beans,

A t. J ....

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split peas, and lentils, respectively (Ref.

13, Lovegren et al 1979).

C. Environmental, exposure. The

Committee reviewed available

environmental exposure information

including the data that EPA cited in their

recently proposed neurotoxicity testing

rule (Ref. 25, U.S. EPA 1991). According

to TRI, 33,623,834 lbs of n-butanol were

released to air,,211,200 lbs were released

to water.,485,530 lbs were released to

land, 2.612,252 lbs were released to

POTWs in 1987 (Ref. 22, TRI 1990), In

1988, TRI indicates that 36,145,132 lbs

were released to. air.. 127,610 lbs were

released to water,.174,513 lbs were

released toland: and 4,503,465 lbs were

released to POTWs (Ref. 22, TRI 1990).

n-Butanol has been qualitatively

detected in drinking water from 5 of 15

samples from 5 of 7 cities (Ref. 14, Lucas

et al. 1984) and one sample of drinking

water of persons living in urban New

Jersey in July-December, 1980 (Ref. 27,

Wallace et al. 1984). According to the

1987 update of the National Ambient

Volatile Organic Compounds Data Base,

which includes data from 1970-1980, nbutanol:may be present at low

concentrations in ambient air at a daily

average concentration of 0.545 ppbv,

,and a median concentration of 0.074

ppbv (Ref. 20, Shah and Heyerdahl

1988). n-Butanol was detected in a river

highly polluted from leather industries

utilizing steam distillation separation

and vacuum distillation at

concentrations of 87 ppb and 318 ppb,

respectively (Ref. 31. Yasuhara et al.

1981). It has been detected in air at a

Swiss water treatment facility (Ref. 9,

Hangartner 1979); n-Butanol has been

found in industrial effluent from

inorganic chemical manufacture, a

petrochemical industry, and pulp mill

effluent (Ref. 2, Bursey and Pellizzari

1982: Ref. 4, Catrlberg et al. 1986; Ref. 12,

Keith 1974).

I. Chemical Fate Information

The need for chemical fate testing of

n-butanol was considered by the

Committee and is not recommended at

this time.

II. Health Effects Information

EPA's RfC/RfD Workgroup requested

that the ITC review health effects testing

for n-butanol'because there is a low

confidence in the RfD value and no RfC

value. The Committee reviewed recent

publicly-available health effects studies

and recommended testing based on

insufficient studies that, could increase

the confidence in the RfD value.

The Committee reviewed available

reproductive effects data. n-Butanol has

been shown to reduce' fertility of male

rats (2 of 17 matings produced litters)

exposed by inhalation to 7000 ppm for 6

weeks (Ref. 1, Brightwell et al. 1988),

and exposure for a hours/day for 7 days

to 50 ppm led: to decreased levels of

testosterone (Ref. 3, Cameron et al.

1985). Similar exposure to 6000 ppm had

no observable effect on fertility (Ref. 16,

Nelson et al. 1989). Available studies

indicate that n-butanol is a potential

reproductive system toxicant, but are

inadequate to comprehensively

characterize the reproductive effects

because only males have been tested,

and 2-generation studies are lacking,

The Committee reviewed available

neurotoxicity data including evidence of

depressed neurological function

resulting from oral exposure to rats and

mice that EPA cited in their recently

proposed neurotoxicity testing rule (Ref.

25, U.S. EPA 1991), In addition to studies

reviewed by EPA, the Committee

reviewed other data (summarized

below) that support the need to conduct

neurotoxicity testing. In a general

toxicity study, cage-side observations

included treatment-related ataxia and

hypoactivity during the last 6 weeks of

treatment among rats administered 500

mg/kg/day n-butanol for 13 weeks by

gavage (Ref. 23, U.S. EPA 1986]. When

male rats were exposed by inhalation to

6000 ppm, differences were seen among

their offspring in a few behavioral (4 out

of 78) and neurochemical (4 out of 64)

measures, but no discernable pattern of

effects was apparent (Ref. 16, Nelson et

al. 1989). Available studies indicate that

n-butanol has neurotoxic potential, but

are inadequate to comprehensively

characterize the neurotoxic effects

because only males were tested or

exposure durations were insufficient,

and limited endpoints were examined.

The Committee recommends

reproductive effects testing because

there are potentially substantial

exposures, and because there are

insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict these effects of nbutanol on these systems. The

Committee is not recommending

neurotoxicity testing because this

testing recommendation was

implemented when EPA promulgated

their recently proposed neurotoxicity

testing rule (Ref. 21, U.S. EPA 1991).

III. Ecological Effects Information

The need for ecological effects testing

of n-butanol was considered by the

Committee and is not recommended at

this time.

References

(1) Brightwell. W.S.. Robertson, S.K.,

Nelson, B.K., Khan. A.. Krieg Jr., E.F., and

Massari, V. J. "Behavioral teratology

investigation of 1-butanol administered by

inhalation to rats," Teratology. 37(5): 523 (1988).

(2) Bursey, J.T., and Pellizzari, E.D.

"Analysis of lndustrial.Wastewater for

Organic Pollutants in Consent Degree

Survey." Contract No. 68-03-2867. Athens.

CA: US EPA Environmental Research

Laboratories. pp. 121 (1982).

(3) Cameron A.M.. Zahlsen,. K., Haug, E..

Nilsen, O.G., and.Eik-Nes, K.B. "Circulating

steroids in male rats. following inhalation of

n-alcohols." Archives of Toxicolbgy. 8: 422-

424 (1985).

(4) Carlberg, GYE., Drangsholt, H., and Gjos.

N. "Identification of chlbrinated compounds

in the spent chlorination liquor, from

differently treatedsulphite pulps with special

emphasis on mutagenic compounds." Science

of the Total Environment. 48: 157-67 (1986).

(5) Chan, C.C., Vainer,,L, Martin, J.W., and

Williams, D.T.."Determination of organic

contaminants in residential indoor air using

an adsorption thermal desorption.technique."

Journal of the Air Waste Management

Association. 40:62-67 (1990).

(6) CMR. "n-Butanol ChemicalProfile."

Chemical MarketingReporter. December 3

(1990).

(7) Daubert, T.E1,and Danner, R.P. Data

Compilation Tables of Properties of Pure

Compounds. New York, NY: American

Institute of Chemical Engineers. pp. 450

(1985).

(8) Dumont JiP., and Adds. J. "Occurrence

of sesquiterpenes in mountain cheese

volatiles." Journal of Agricultural Food

Chemistry. 26:364-367 (1978).

(9) Hangartner M. "Sampling and analysis

of odorous compounds in water treatment

plants." International-journal of

Environmental Analytical Chemistry. 6: 161-

169. (1979),

(10) Hansch, C., and-Leo, A.]. Medchem

Project. Issue 26. Claremont, CA: Pomona

College (1985).

(11) HoC., Lee. K.N., and Jin, Q.Z.

"Isolation and identification of volatile flavor

compounds in fried bacon." Journal of

Agricultural Food Chemistry. 31: 338-342

(1983).

(12) Keith, L.H. "Chemical characterization

of industrial wastewaters by gas

chromatography-mass spectrometry." Science

of the Total Environment. 3: 87-102 (1974).

(13) Lovegren, N.V., Fisher. G.S.. Legendre,

M.G., and Schuller. W.H. "Volatile

constituents of dried legumes." Journal of

Agricultural Food Chemistry. 227: 851-853

(1979).

(14) Lucas, S.V. CC/MS Analysis of

Organics in DrinkingWater Concentrates

And Advanced Waste Treatment

Concentrates: Vol. 1. "Analysis Results for 17

Drinking Water, 16 Advanced Waste

Treatment and 3 Process Blank

Concentrates." EPA-00/1--84"-820A. (NTIS

PB85-128221). ColumbusOH: Columbus

Laboratories, Health Effects Research

Laboratory. pp. 45.133 (1984).

(15) Mackay. D., and Yeun, A.T.K. "Mass

Transfer Coefficient Correlations for

Volatilization of Organic Solutes from

Water." Environmental Science and

Technology. 17:211-217 (1983).
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

(16) Nelson, B.K., Brightwell, W.S.,

Robertson, S.K., Khan, A., Krieg Jr., E.F., and

Massarl, V.J. "Behavioral teratology

investigation of 1-butanol in rats."

Neurotoxicological and Teratologicol

Medicine. 11(3): 313-315 (1989).

(17) NIOSH (National Institute of

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(18) Pellizzari, E.D., Hartwell, T.D., Harris,

B.S.H., Waddell, R.D., Whitaker, D.A., and

Erickson, M.D. "Purgeable Organic

Compounds in Mother's Milk." Bulletin of

Environmental Contamination and

Toxicology. 28: 322-228 (1982).

(19) Sax, N.I., and Lewis, R.J. Hawley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th edition.

New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold

Company. pp. 182 (1987).

(20) Shah, J.J., and Heyerdahl, E.K.

"National ambient volatile organic

compounds (VOC) data base update." EPA/

600/3-88/010(a). Research Triangle Park, NC:

US EPA. pp. 31, 45 (1988).

(21) SRI (SRI International). Directory of

Chemical Producers. Menlo Park, CA: SRI

International. pp. 501 (1990).

(22) TRI (Toxics Release Inventory).

Database Retrieval 7/13/90. US EPA (1990).

(23) U.S. EPA. "Butanol: Rat oral

subchronic toxicity study." (TRI Study #032-

006 by Toxicity Research Laboratories, Ltd,

510 West Hackley Avenue, Muskegon, MI

49444; conducted for Research Triangle

institute). Washington, DC: Office of Solid

Waste, US EPA (1986).

(24) U.S. EPA. "Occupational Safety and

Health Administration. Air contaminants,

final rule." Federal Register. 54(12): 2497-2498

(1989).

(25) U.S. EPA. "Multi substance rule for the

testing of neurotoxicity." Federal Register.

56(42): 9105-9119 (1991).

(26) USITC (US International Trade

Commission). Synthetic Organic Chemicals.

U.S. Production and Sales 1989. Washington,

DC: US Government Printing Office.

Publication No. 2338. pp. 15-5, 15-22 (1990).

(27) Wallace, L.A., Pellizzari, E., Hartwell,

T.. et al. "Personal exposure to volatile

organic compounds. I. Direct measurements

in breathing-zone air, drinking water, food,

and exhaled breath." Environmental

Research. 35: 293-319 (1984).

(28) Weast, R.C., Astle, M.J., and Beyer,

W.H. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and

Physics. 66th edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC

Press. pp. C-174 (1985)

(29) Yajima, I., Yanai, T., Nakamura, M.,

Sakakibara, H., and Hatashi, K. "Volatile

flavor components of Kogyoku apples."

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry. 48:

849-855 (1984).

(30) Yalkowsky. S.H., Valvani, S.C., Kuu,

W., and Dannenfelser. R. (eds.). "Database:

Arizona Database of Aqueous Solubility. An

Extensive Compilation of Aqueous Solubility

Data for Organic Compounds"1987).

(31) Yasuhara, A., Shiraishi, H., Tsuji, M.,

and Okuno, T. "Analysis of organic

substance in highly polluted river water by mass spectrometry." Environmental Science

and Technology. 15: 570-573 (1981).

Isobutanol (CAS No. 78-83-1).

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has information on the

measured physical chemical properties

of isobutanol, including melting point (-

108 °C; Ref. 15 Riddick 1986), boiling

point (107.886 °C; Ref. 15 Riddick 1986),

log octanol/water partition coefficient

(0.76; Ref. 9, Hansch and Leo 1985),

water solubility (85,000 mg/L @25 °C;

Ref. 25, Valvani et al. 1981), vapor

pressure (10.45 mm Hg @25 °C; Ref. 3,

Daubert and Danner 1985), and Henry's

Law constant (1.18 X 10E-5 atm-ms/mole

@25 °C; Ref. 10, Hine and Mookerjee

1975).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure!

release. The Committee reviewed

available exposure information

including the data EPA cited in their

recently proposed neurotoxicity testing

rule (Ref. 23, U.S. EPA 1991). The

Committee has reviewed other

supporting information listed below. In

1989, 61.443 million kilograms of

isobutanol were produced at 6 facilities

in the United States (Ref. 24, USITC

1990). There were 5 facilities that

manufactured isobutanol in the U.S. in

1990 (Ref. 18, SRI 1990). Isobutanol is

used in organic synthesis, as a latent

solvent in paints and lacquers, as an intermediate for amino coating resins, as

a substitute for n-butanol, in paint

removers, fluorometric determinations,

liquid chromatography and fruit flavor

concentrates (Ref. 17, Sax and Lewis

1987).

B. Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The Committee reviewed

available human exposure information

including the use of isobutanol in a

variety of commercial and consumer

applications that may lead to worker

and consumer exposure, which EPA

cited in their recently proposed

neurotoxicity testing rule (Ref. 23, U.S.

EPA 1991). OSHA's revised final rule

PEL is a 50 ppm 8-hour TWA (formerly

a PEL of 100 ppm 8-hour TWA) for

isobutanol which is expected to reduce

the risk of skin irritation associated with

exposure to concentrations above the

revised PEL (Ref. 22. U.S. EPA 1989). The

NOES survey conducted during 1981-83

by NIOSH reported that 192,949 workers

(28,581 females) were potentially

exposed to isobutanol. Of these

workers, 95 percent were potentially

exposed during the use of trade name products containing this compound (Ref.

14, NIOSH 1989). Isobutanol is

contained in several foods which may

lead to human exposure. For example,

isobutanol has been qualitatively

detected in cheese, Kogyoku apples,

headspace volatiles of tree-ripened

peaches, and volatile compounds from

fried chicken (Ref. 5, Dumont and Adda

1978; Ref. 19, Takeoka et al. 1988; Ref.

22, Tang et al. 1983; Ref. 26, Yajima et al.

1984). It has been detected at

concentrations ranging from 22-300 ppb

in dried beans and at mean

concentrations of 72 ppb, 140 ppb, and

100 ppb from dried beans, split peas,

and lentils, respectively (Ref. 13,

Lovegren et al. 1979).

C. Environmental exposure. The

Committee reviewed available

environmental exposure information

including the data that EPA cited in their

recently proposed neurotoxicity testing

rule (Ref. 23, U.S. EPA 1991). Isobutanol

was found in air with similar

composition to urban and suburban air

from the southern Black Forest, W.

Germany in 1983-1984 (Ref. 11, Juttner

1986) and it was found in indoor air from

4 of 6 homes in Northern Italy at

concentrations ranging from 1,300-20,000

ppb (Ref. 4, Debortoli et al. 1986).

Isobutanol was detected in a river

highly polluted from leather industries

utilizing steam distillation separation

and vacuum distillation at

concentrations of 142 ppb and 685 ppb,

respectively (Ref. 27, Yasuhara et al.

1981). It was detected in leachate from a

1-year old experimental landfill at a

concentration of 300 ppm (Ref. 1,

Burrows and Rowe 1975), air at a Swiss

water treatment plant (Ref. 8,

Hangartner 1979) and air inside grain

fermentatiori units in a whiskey

distillery (Ref. 2, Carter and Linsky

1974).

I. Chemical Fate Information

The need for chemical fate testing of

isobutanol was considered by the

Committee and is not recommended at

this time.

I. Health Effects Information

EPA's RfC/RfD Workgroup requested

that the ITC review health effects testing

for isobutanol because there is a low

confidence in the RfD value and no RfC

value. The Committee reviewed recent

publicly-available health effects studies

and recommended testing based on

insufficient studies that could increase

the confidence in the RfD value.

The Committee reviewed available

pharmacokinetic data which are limited

to oral studies with small or unreported

numbers of rabbits administered

isobutanol by gavage (Ref. 12, Kamil et

al. 1953; Ref. 16, Saito 1975). Available

studies are insufficient to characterize

the pharmacokinetics of isobutanol

because only small numbers of animals

41239
Federal Registet f Vol, 56,. No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

were tested, and pharmacokinetic

endpoints have not been quantified.

No studies were located in the

publicly-available literature regarding

reproductive or developmental effects of

isobutanol,

No neurotoxicological studies of

isobutanol with humans or animals were

located by the EPA, as indicated in their

recently proposed neurotoxicity testing

rule (Ref. 23, U.S. EPA 1991). However,

the Committee reviewed:a gpneral

toxicity study in which cage-side

observations included a low incidence

of hypoactivity and ataxia among

groups of rats exposed to 1000 mg/kg/'

day for 13 weeks (Ref. 21, U.S.EPA 1986)'

This study indicates that'isobutanol is a

potential'neurotoxicant, but is

insufficient to comprehensively

characterize its.neurotoxic effects

because neurologic endpoints were

examined.

The Committee reviewed available

oncogenicity data. Oral administration

of isobutanol led to carcinomas and

myeloid leukemia in 3/19 rats, and

subcutaneous injection led to

malignancies in 8/24 rats (carcinomas,

sarcomas, and one mesothelioma) (Ref.

6, Gibel et al. 1974;.Ref* 7, Gibel et al.

1975). These studies indicate that

isobutanol is a potential carcinogen, but

are inadequate to characterize the

oncogenic effects because of the low

numbers of test animals exposed to only

one dose level for each route of

exposure,.and because of uncertainties

as to whether both sexes were tested.

The Committee recommends

pharmacokinetics testing by oral and

inhalation routes of exposure,

reproductive effects, developmental

toxicity and oncogenicity testing.

because there are potentially substantial

exposures,.and because there are

insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict these effects of

isobutanol. The Committee is not

recommending neurotoxicity testing

because this testing recommendation

was implemented when EPA

promulgated, their recently proposed

neurotoxicity testing rule (Ref. 21, U.S.

EPA 1991),

III. Ecological Effects Information

The need for ecological effects testing

of isobutanol was considered by the

Committee and is not recommended at

this time.

References

(1).Burrows, W.D:, and Rowe. R.S. "Ether

soluble constituents of landfill leachate."

Journal of the Water Pollution Control

Federation. 47: 921-923 (1975).

(2) Carter, R.V.,and Linsky, B. "Gaseous

emissions from whiskey, fermentation units."

Atmospheric Environment. 8: 57-2 (1974).

(3) Daubert, T.E., and Danner R.P. Data

Compilation Tables of Properties of Pure

Compounds. New York, NY: American

Institute of-Chemical Engineers. pp. 450

(1985).

(4) Debortoli, M., Knoeppel, H., Pecchio, E.,

et al. "Concentrations of selected organic

pollutants in indoor andoutdoor air in

Northern Italy." Environment International.

12:343-350 (1986).

(5) Dumont, J.P., and Adds, J, "Occurrence

of sesquiterpenes in mountain cheese

volatiles." Journal of Agricultural Food

Chemistry..2 : 364.-387 (1978).

(6) Gibel, W., Lohs, K., Wildner, G.P.. and

Schramm, T. "Experimental studies on the

carcinogenic effect of higher alcohols, as

illustrated by 3-methyl-l-butanol; 1-propanol.

and 2-methyl-1-propanol." Zeitschrift fur

Experimentelle Chirurgie Forsch. 7(4): 235-

239 (Ger) (1974).

(7) Gibel, W.,Lohs, K., and Wildner, G.P.

"ExperimentalStudy on Carcinogenic activity

of propanol, 2-methyl-l-Propanol, and 3-

methyl-l-butanol." Archives de

Geschwulstforsch. 45(1)i 19-24 (1975).

(8) Hangartner, M. "Sampling and analysis

of odorous compounds in water treatment

plants." Internationallburnal of

Environmental'Analytica Chemistry. 8: 181-

169 (1979);

(9) Hansch, C., and Leo, A.J. Medchem

Project. Issue 26. Claremont, CA: Pomona

College (1985).

(10) Hine, J., and Mookerjee, P.K. "The

Intrinsic Hydrophilic Character of Organic

Compounds. Correlations In terms of'

structural'contributions." Journal 'of Organic

Chemistry. 40:292-298 (1975).

(11) Juttner, F. "Analysis of organic

compounds (voc) in the-forest air of Southern

Black Forest." (Ger) Chemosphere. 15: 985-

992 (1986).

(12) Kamil,.lA.,.Snith. J.N., and Williams.

R.T. "Studies in detoxication. 46. The

metabolism of aliphatic alcohols. The

glucuronic acid conjugation of acyclic

aliphatic alcohols." Biochemistry Journal. 53:

129-136 (1953).

.(13) Lovegren. N.V., Fisher, G.S., Legendre.

M.G., and Schuller, W.H. "Volatile

constituents of dried legumes." Journal of

Agricultural Food Chemistry. 227: 851-853

(1979).

(14) NIOSH (National Institute of

Occupational;Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(15) Riddick. J.A.. Bunger, W.B., and

Sakano..T.K. Organic Solvents: Physical

Properties and Methods of Purification.

Techniques of Chemistry Series. 4th edition.

New York. NY: Wiley-Interscience. 2: 201-203

(1986).

(16),Saito,.M. "Metabolism of lower

alcohols." Nichidai Igaku Zasshi. 34:569-585

(1975).

(17) Sax, N.I., and Lewis, R.J. Hawley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th

edition. New York, NY: Van Nostrand

Reinhold Company. pp. 653 (1987).

(18) SRI (SRI International). Directory of

ChemicalProducers..Menlo Park, CA: SRI

International. pp,.715 (1990).

(19) Takeoka; G.R.,,Flath, R.A., Guntert. M.,

and Jennings,.W: "Nectarine volatiles:-

vacuum steam distillation versus headspace

sampling." Journal of Agricultural Food

Chemistry..36: 553-560. (1988);

(20) Tang, J;,Jin.,Q.Z.,,Shen. G.H., Ho, C.T.,

and Chang, S.S. "Isolation and identification

of volatile compounds fromfried chicken."

Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry. 31:

1287-1292 (1983).

(21),U.S. EPA. "Rat oral subchronic toxicity

study." Washington. DC: Office of Solid

Waste, US EPA (1986).

(22) Department of Labor. Occupational

Safety and Health Administration. "Air

contaminants, final rule." Federal Register.

54(12): 2630-2631 (1989).

(23) U.S. EPA. "Multi, substance rule for the

testing of neurotoxicity." Federal Register.

56(42): 9105-9119 (1991).

(24) USITC (U.S. International Trade

Commission). Synthetic Organic Chemicals.

U.S. Production and Sales 1989. Washington,

DC: US Government Printing Office.

Publication No. 2338. pp. 15-5,15-22 (1990).

(25) ValvanL.S.C., YalkowskL, S.H., and

Roseman, T.J,."Solubility and: Partitioning. IV.

Aqueous Solubility and Octanol-Water

Partition Coefficients of Liquid'

Nonelectrolytes." Journal of Pharmaceutical

Sciences. 70: 502-507 (1981).

(26) Yajima,..,,.Yanai; T., Nakamura, M..

Sakakibara, H:.,and'Hatashi, K. "Volatile

flavor components of Kogyoku apples."

Agricultural Biological Chemistry. 48: 849-

855 (1984).

(27)'Yasuhara, A., Shiraishi H., Tsuji, M..

and Okuno, T. "Analysis of organic

substance in highly polluted river water by

mass spectrometry." Environmental Science

and Technology. 15: 570-573 (1981).

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (CAS No. 103-

23-1).

Physical and'Chemical Information

The Committee has limited

information or measuredphysical

chemical'properties of di-(2-ethylhexyl)

adipate including, melting point (-67.8

°C; Ref. 16, Weast et al. 1985) and

boiling point (417 °C; Ref. 9; Sax and

Lewis 1987).

Rationale for. Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee reviewed

available exposure information. In 1989.

48.9 million pounds of di-(2-ethylhexyl)

adipate were produced at 12 facilities in

the United States (Ref. 15, USITC 1990).

There were 11 facilities that

manufactured dl-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate

in the U.S. in 1990 (Ref. 13, SRI 1990). Di-

(2-ethyl-hexyl):adipate is used as a

plasticizer, commonly blended with

general purpose plasticizers, such as

DOP and DIOP-in. processing polyvinyl

41240
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

and other polymers, as a solvent, and in

aircraft lubes (Ref. 9, Sax and Lewis

1987).

B. Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The Committee reviewed

available human exposure information

including the use of di-(2-ethylhexyl)

adipate in commercial and consumer

applications that may lead to worker

and consumer exposure. The NOES

conducted during 1981-83 by NIOSH

reported that 8,162 workers (2,618

females) were potentially exposed to di-

(2-ethylhexyl)'adipate. Of these

workers, 65 percent were potentially

exposed during the use of trade name

products containing this compound (Ref.

7, NIOSH 1989). An OSHA PEL does not

exist for di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate. The

migration of di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate

from PVC cling-film plastic rap was.

measured when this compound was

detected at concentrations of 41 ppm,

246 ppm. 226 ppm, and 362 ppm in a

sandwich stored at 5 'C for 24 hr, cheese

stored at 5 °C'for 5 days, cake stored at

5 °C for 5 days, and in a microwaved

dicuit, respectively (Ref. 3, Gilbert et aL

1988). Di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate has been

detected in drinking water supplies. For

example, it was detected a New Orleans

drinking water supply at a concentration

0.10 ppb (Ref. 6, Keith et al. 1976) and in

finished drinking water from a water

treatment plant at a concentration of

0.002 ppb (Ref. 4, Hites 1979).

C. Environmental exposure. The

Committee reviewed available

environmental exposure information.

According to TRI, 111,953 lbs of di-(2-

ethyihexyl) adipate were released to air,

4,784 lbs were released to water, 500 lbs

were released to land, 35,876 lbs were

released to POTWs in 1987 (Ref. 14, TRI

1990). In 1988, TRI indicates that 73,117

lbs were released to air, 10,290 lbs were

released to water, 1,200 lbs were

released to land, and 25,569 lbs were

released POTWs (Ref. 14, TRI 1990). Di-

(2-ethylhexyl) adipate has been

qualitatively detected in fly ash from

coal and refuse combustion (Ref. 5, Junk

and Ford 1980). Di-(2-ethylhexyl)

adipate has been found in Delaware

river water in the vicinity of

Philadelphia. PA at concentrations

ranging from 0.02-0.3 ppb (Ref, 4, Hites

1979; Ref. 10. Sheldon and Hites 1978;

Ref. 1L Sheldon and Hites 1979). This

compound has been detected in

particulate matter in indoor air from an

office building at a concentration of 2

ng/m3 (Ref. 17, Weschler and Sheilds

1986). Di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate has been

detected at concentrations of 2,000 ppb

in effluent from one chemical plant, 90

ppb in effluent from several industries,

and 10 ppb in effluent from a sewage

treatment plant receiving the above

effluents (Ref. 4, Hites 1979).

I. Chemical Fate Information

Available data on biodegradation

indicate that this compound has the

potential to biodegrade under aerobic

conditions (Ref. 8, Saeger et al. 1976).

These experiments were performed at

concentrations exceeding di-(2-

ethylhexyl).adipate's estimated water

solubility. The rate and importance of

the biodegradation of di-(2-ethylhexyl)

adipate under environmental conditions

cannot be ascertained. As a result of its

release to aquatic systems and its

ikelihood to adsorb to sediment, the

Committee recommends di-(2-

ethyihexyl) adipate for sediment and

river die-away biodegradation studies

because there are insufficient data to

reasonably determine or predict its

persistence in the environment. The

Committee also recommends physical

and chemical property testing because

there are insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict the physical and

chemical properties of di-(2-ethylhexyl)

adipate.

11. Health Effects Information

EPA's RfC/RfD Workgroup requested

that the ITC review health effects testing

for di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate because

there is a low confidence in the Rfl)

value and no RfC value. The Committee

reviewed recent publicly-available

health effects studies and recommended

testing based on insufficient studies that

could increase the confidence in the RfD

value.

No studies were located in the

available literature regarding

reproductive effects of di-(2-ethylhexyl)

adipate. The Committee reviewed

developmental toxicity data, which is

limited to one study with pregnant rats

that were administered the test

substance at doses up to 9.2 g/kg by

intraperitoneal injection on gestation

days 5, 10, and 15 (Ref. 12, Singh et al.

1973). Reduced fetal weight was noted in

the 4.5 and 9.0 g/kg groups. This study

indicates that di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate

is a potential developmental toxicant,

but the data are inadequate to

characterize its developmental effects

because tests involving natural routes of

exposure are lacking.

The Committee reviewed available

neurotoxicity data. Rats treated

intragastrically with up to 6 g/kg/day

for 6 months showed impaired motor

function (Ref. 1, Andreeva 1972). This

study indicates that di-(2-

ethylhexyljadipate is a potential

neurotoxicant, but the data are

inadequate to characterize its

neurotoxic effects because the number

and sex of test animals is unknown, and

only limited neurologic endpoints were

examined.

The Committee recommends

reproductive effects,. developmental

toxicity, and neurotoxicity testing

because there are potentially substantial

exposures and there are insufficient

data to reasonably determine or predict

these effects of di-(2;ethylhexyl)adipate.

III. Ecological Effects Information

The Committee has reviewed

available ecological effects data.

Limited acute toxicity-tests have been

conducted with 3 species of fish (Ref. 2,

Felder et al. 1986). Available studies are

insufficient to characterize the

ecological effects of di-(2-

ethylhexyl)adipate because aquatic

invertebrate chronic toxicity tests did

not report results of any reproductive

effects testing and there are no fish

chronic toxicity studies.

The Committee recommends aquatic

invertebrate and fish chronic toxicity

testing because there are insufficient

data to reasonably determine or predict

ecological effects and there are

potentially substantial environmental

releases.

References

(1) Andreeva, G.A. "Toxicology of the

plasticizer dioctyl adipate." Gigiena

Primeniya Toksikologia Pestitsidov i Klinika

Otravlenii. 9:373-377 (1972) (CA 78(9):

53653g).

(2) Felder, J:D., Adams, W.I., and Saeger,

V.W. "Assessment of the safety of dioctyl

adipate in freshwater environments."

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 5:

777-784 (1986)..

(3) Gilbert, J..Castle. L., Jickells, S.M.,

Mercer.A.J., and Sherman, M. "Migration

from plastics into foodstuffs under realistic

conditions of use." Food Additives

Contamination. 5: 513-523 (1988).

(4) Hites, R.A. "Sources and Fates of

Industrial Organic Chemicals: A Case Study."

Proceedings of the National 'Conference on

Municipal Sludge Management 8th. pp. 107-

19 (1979).

(5) Junk, G.A., and Ford, C.S. "A review of

organic emissions from selected combustion

processes." Chemosphere. 9: 187-228 (1980).

(6) Keith, LH., Garrison. A.W., Allen, F.R..

Carter, M.H,,.Floyd;.T.L, Pope, J.D. and

Thruston, A.D. Jr. "Identification of organic

compounds in drinking water from thirteen

U.S. Cities." In: Identification and Analysis of

Organic Pollutants in Water. Keith, LH. Ed.

Ann Arbor, MI: Ann Arbor Press. pp. 329-357

(1970):

(7)NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(8) Saeger, V:W., Kaley. R.G., Hicks. 0..

Tucker, KS., and Mieure. I.P. "Activated

Sludge Degradation of Adipic Acid Esters."

41241
4Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 31:

746-749 (1976).

(9) Sax, N.I., and Lewis, R.J. Hawley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th

edition. New York, NY: Van Nostrand

Reinhold Company. pp. 392 (1987).

(10) Sheldon, L.S., and Hites, R.A. "Organic

Compounds in the Delaware River."

Environmental Science and Technology. 12:

1188-1194 (1978].

(11) Sheldon, L.S., and Hites, R.A. "Sources

and Movement of Organic Chemicals in the

Delaware River." Environmental Science and

Technology. 13: 574-579 (1979).

(12) Singh, A.R., Lawrence, W.H., and

Autian, J. "Embryonic-fetal toxicity and

teratogenic effects of adipic acid esters in

rats." Journal of Pharmacological Science. 62:

159-1600 (1973].

(13) SRI (SRI International). Directory of

Chemical Producers. Menlo Park, CA: SRI

International. pp. 882-883 (1990).

(14) TRI (Toxics Release Inventory).

Database Retrieval 7/13/90. US EPA (1990).

(15) USITC (U.S. International Trade

Commission). Synthetic Organic Chemicals.

U.S. Production and Sales 1989. Washington,

DC: US Government Printing Office.

Publication No. 2338. pp.. 11-2, 11-5 (1990).

(16) Weast, R.C., Astle, M.J., and Beyer,

W.H. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and

Physics. 66th edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC

Press. pp. C-59 (1985).

(17) Weschler, C.J., and Shields, H.C. "The

Accumulation of 'Additives' in Office Air."

Proceedings of Air Pollution Control

Association 79th Meeting. Volume 4. Paper

86/52.2 (1986).

Thiophenol (CAS No. 108--98-5).

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has information on the

measured physical chemical properties

of thiophenol including, melting point (-

14.8 °C; Ref. 14, Weast et al. 1985),

boiling point (168.7 °C; Ref. 14, Weast et

al. 1985), log octanol/water partition

coefficient (2.52; Ref. 5, Hansch and Leo

1985), water solubility (836 mg/L @25

°C; Ref. 6, Hine and Mookerjee 1975),

vapor pressure (1.93 mm Hg @25 °C; Ref.

3, Chao et al. 1983), and dissociation

constant (6.615; Ref. 11, Serjeant and

Dempsey 1979).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee reviewed

available exposure information. In 1977,

between 2 and 20 million pounds of

thiophenol were pioduced at 3 facilities

in the United States (Ref. 13, TSCAPP

1991). There was one facility that

manufactured thiophenol in the U.S. in

1990 (Ref. 12, SRI 1990). Information on

current production volumes is CBI, but

production is substantial. Thiophenol is

used as a chemical intermediate for

pesticides, pharmaceuticals, dyestuffs,

hydraulic fluids, and other compounds

(Ref. 4, Chemcyclopedia 91 1990).

B. Evidence for exposure--Human

exposure. The Committee reviewed

available human exposure information

including the use of thiophenol in a

variety of commercial and consumer

applications that may lead to worker

and consumer exposure. The NOES

conducted during 1981-83 by NIOSH

reported that 879 workers (187 females)

were potentially exposed to thiophenol.

Of these workers, 100 percent were

potentially exposed during the use of

actual products containing this

compound (Ref. 10, NIOSH 1989). An

OSHA PEL does not exist for

thiophenol.

C. Environmental exposure.

Thiophenol was detected at a

concentration of 13 Ag/L in effluent

extract from petroleum refining (Ref. 2.

Bursey and Pellizzari 1982).

I. Chemical Fate Information

An extensive search of available

literature identified only a single

screening study on the biodegradation of

thiophenol under aerobic conditions. It

was found that this compound was not

removed from solution when incubated

with an activated sludge seed (Ref. 8,

Lutin et al. 1965). The concentration of

thiophenol in this experiment, 500 mg/L,

is not typical of what would be expected

in the environment and this high

concentration may have been toxic to

microorganisms. Although volatilization

of neutral thiophenol from water to the

atmosphere can be reasonably predicted

from an estimated Henry's Law constant

(Ref. 9, Lyman 1982), its dissociation

constant, 6.615 (Ref. 11, Serjeant and

Dempsey 1979), indicates that it will be

significantly ionized under

environmental conditions. Therefore, its

rate of volatilization from water cannot

be reasonably predicted. No data could

be located on the importance of direct

photochemical degradation of

thiophenol in the environment. The

Committee recommends aerobic

biodegradation, volatilization and

photolysis testing because there are

insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict persistence of

thiophenol.

II. Health Effects Information

EPA's RfC/RfD Workgroup requested

that the ITC review health effects testing

for thiophenol because there is a low

confidence in the RfD value and no RfC

value. The Committee reviewed recent

publicly-available health effects studies

and recommended testing based on

insufficient studies that could increase

the confidence in the RfD value.

No studies were located regarding the

oral or inhalation pharmacokinetics,

reproductive effects, developmental

toxicity, neurotoxicity, or oncogenicity

of thiophenol. The Committee reviewed

a Salmonella/microsome plate test for

mutagenicity, this test indicates that

thiophenol is a potential mutagen, but

inadequate because of a high

cytotoxicity at all test dose levels (Ref.

7, Lavoie et al. 1979).

The Committee recommends

pharmacokinetics testing by oral and

inhalation routes of exposure,

reproductive effects, developmental

toxicity, neurotoxicity, mutagenicity,

and oncogenicity testing because there

are potentially substantial exposures,

and because there are insufficient data

to reasonably determine or predict these

effects of thiophenol.

I1. Ecological Effects Information

The Committee reviewed the

available ecological effects data, which

are limited to one acute study with 3

species of fish (Ref. 1, Applegate et al.

1957). This study is insufficient to

characterize acute fish toxicity because

of the inadequate exposure duration,

low number of test animals, and

exposure to only one concentration of

test material.

The Committee recommends algal

toxicity, aquatic invertebrate and fish

acute and chronic toxicity testing

because there are potentially substantial

exposures, and because there are

insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict these effects of

thiaphenol.

References

(1) Applegate, V.C., Howell, J.H., and Hall

Jr., A.E. "Toxicity of 4,346 chemicals to larval

lampreys and fishes." Washington. DC: US

Fish and Wildlife Service. Special Scientific

Report - Fisheries No. 207. (1957).

(2) Bursey, J.T., and Pellizzari, E.D.

Analysis of Industrial Wastewater for

Organic Pollutants in Consent Decree Survey.

EPA-68-03-2867. Athens, GA: Environmental

Research Laboratory. Office of Research and

Development. pp. 93, 136 (1982).

(3) Chao, J., Lin, C.T., and Chung, T.H.

"Vapor Pressure of Coal Chemicals." Journal

of Physical and Chemical Reference Data. 12:

1033-1063 (1983).

(4) Chemcyclopedia. The Manual of

Commercially Available Chemicals. Volume

9. Kuney, J.H., Ed. Washington, DC: American

Chemical Society. pp. 113 (1990).

(5) Hansch, C., and Leo, A.J. Medchem

Project. Issue 26. Claremont, CA: Pomona

College (198)b.

(6) Hine, J., and Mookerjee, P.K. "The

intrinsic hydrophilic character of organic

compounds. Correlations in terms of

structural contributions." Journal of Organic

Chemistry. 40: 292- 298 (1975).

(7) Lavoie, E., Tulley. L. Fow, E., and

Hoffmann, D. "Mutagenicity of aminophenyl

and nitrophenyl and nitrophenyl ethers.

41242
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

sulfides, and disulfides." Mutation Research.

67: 123-131 (1979).

(8) Lutin. P., Cibulka, ).I., and Malaney,

G.W. "Oxidation of Selected Carcinogenic

Compounds by Activated Sludge." Purdue

University. Engineering Bulletin. 118:131-145

(1965).

(9) Lyman, W.I., Reehl. W.F.. and

Rosenblatt, D.H (eds). Handbook of Chemical

Property Estimation Methods. New York, NY:

Mcraw-Hill. Chapter 15 (1982).

(10) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(11) Serjeant. E.P, and Dempsey, B.

"Ionization Constants of Organic Acids in

Aqueous Solution." International Union of

Pure and Applied Chemistry Chemical Data

Series No. 23. Elmsford, NY: Pergamon Press.

pp. 165 (1979).

(12) SRI (SRI International). Directory of

Chemical Producers. Menlo Park, CA: SRI

International. pp. 1039 (1990).

(13) TSCAPP. Computer print-out of

nonconfidential production data from TSCA

inventory. Washington DC: OTS, CID, US

EPA. Online 3/28/91 (1991).

(14) Weast, R.C., Astle, M.J., and Beyer,

W.H. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and

Physics. 66th edition. Boca Raton, FL CRC

Press. pp. C-514 (1985).

Dimethyl terephthalate (CAS No. 120-

61-6).

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has information on

measured physical chemical properties

of dimethyl terephthalate including,.

melting point (140-142 *C; Ref. 1, Aldrich

1988), boiling point (288 °C; Ref. 15,

Windholz 1983), log octanol/water

partition coefficient (2.25; Ref. 4, Hansch

and Leo 1985), and vapor pressure (0.010

mm Hg @25 °C; Ref. 3, Daubert and

Danner 1985).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee reviewed

available exposure information. In 1989,

3,822.973 million kilograms of dimethyl

terephthalate were produced at 3

facilities in the United States (Ref. 14,

USITC 1990), There were 5 facilities that

manufactured dimethyl terephthalate in

the U.S. in 1990 (Ref. 13, SRI 1990).

Dimethyl terephthalate is used in

polyester resins for film, fiber, bottle

and plastic applications, especially

polyethylene terephthalate, in coatings,

as a chemical intermediate, and in the

production of urethanes (Ref. 2,

Chemcyclopedia 1990; Ref. 10, Sax and

Lewis 1987). Many products containing

dimethyl terephthalate are utilized by

consumers. The Committee is concerned

with the potential for exposure to

dimethyl terephthalate because of its

high production volume, potential for

release, and presence in commercial and

consumer products.

B. Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The Committee reviewed

available human exposure information

including the use of dimethyl

terephthalate in a variety of commercial

and consumer applications that may

lead to worker and.consumer exposure.

The NOES conducted during 1981-83 by

NIOSH reported that 2,467 workers (204

females) were potentially exposed to

dimethyl terephthalate. Of these

workers, 100 percent were potentially

exposed during the use of actual

products containing this compound (Ref.

9, NIOSH 1989). An OSHA PEL does not

exist for dimethyl terephthalate.

C. Environmental exposure. Dimethyl

terephthalate has been qualitatively

detected in forest air 1 m above a 45

year old spruce forest (Ref. 5, Helmig et

al. 1989). It has been detected at a

concentration of 0.6 ppb in.Delaware

river water near industrialized urban

areas (Ref. 11, Sheldon and Hites 1978).

Dimethyl terephthalate has been

qualitatively detected in Advanced

Waste Treatment concentrates (Ref. 8.

Lucas 1984).

I. Chemical Fate Information

Studies on the biodegradation of

dimethyl terephthalate using either soil

samples or microorganisms isolated

from soil indicate that this compound

has the potential to biodegrade in the

environment (Ref. 7, Kurane et al. 1977;

Ref. 12. Slizen et al. 1985). The rate of

dimethyl terephthalate biodegradation

in the environment, however, cannot be

determined from the available

information. The Committee

recommends river die-away

biodegradation testing because there are

insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict persistence of

dimethyl terephthalate.

I. Health Effects Information

EPA's RfC/RfD Workgroup requested

that the ITC review health effects testing

for dimethyl terephthalate because there

is a low confidence in the RfD value and

no RfC value. The Committee reviewed

recent publicly-available health effects

studies and recommended testing based

on insufficient studiesthat could

increase the confidence in the RfD

value.

The Committee reviewed available

reproductive effects data. A single

generation reproduction study with

Long-Evans hooded rats in which males

were fed up to 1.0 percent in the diet for

115 days prior to mating,.and females

fed for 6 days prior to mating and

continuously through weaning of the

offspring, revealed no adverse effects on

libido, pregnancy, gestation, litter size or

survival of offspring from birth through

weaning (Ref. 6, Krasavage et al. 1973).

The available study is insufficient to

characterize the reproductive effects of

dimethyl terephthalate because only one

dose was tested for a single generation,

Data regarding developmental toxicity

and neurotoxicity were not located in

the publicly-available literature.

The Committee recommends

reproductive effects, developmental

toxicity, and neurotoxicity testing

because there are potentially substantial

exposures, and because there are

insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict these effects of

dimethyl terephthalate.

III. Ecological Effects Information

No studies were located in the

publicly-available literature regrding the

ecological effects.of dimethyl

terephthalate. The Committee

recommends algal'toxicity testing,

aquatic invertebrate and fish acute and

chronic toxicity testing, because there

are potential substantial environmental

releases of dimethyl terephthalate, and

because there are no data to determine

or predict ecological effects.

References

(1) Aldrich. Catalog Handbook of Fine

Chemicals. 1988-1989. Milwaukee. WI:

Aldrich Chemical Company. pp. 825 (1988).

(2) Chemcyclopedia. The Manual of

Commercially Available Chemicals. Volume

9. Kuney, J.H,, Ed. Washington, DC: American

Chemical Society. pp. 69 (1990).

(3) Daubert, T.E., and Danner, R.P. Data

Compilation Tables of Properties of Pure

Compounds. New York,.NY. American

Institute of Chemical Engineers. pp. 450

(1985).

(4) Hansch, C.. and Leo, A.J. Medchem

Project, Issue 26. Claremont, CA: POmona

College (1985).

(5] Helmig, D.. Mueller, ].. and Klein, W.

"Volatile Organic Substances in a Forest

Atmosphere." Chemosphere. 19:1399-1412

(1989).

(6) Krasavage, W.J., Yanno. F.J., and

Terhaar, C.]. "Dimethyl terephithalate (DMT):

Acute toxicity, subacute feeding and

inhalation stUdies in male rats." American

Industrial Hygiene Association Journal.

34(10): 455-462 (1973).

(7) Kurane, R., Suzuki. T., and Takahara. Y.

"Isolation of microorganisms growing on phithalate esters anddegradation of phthalate

esters by Pseudomonas acidovorans 256-1."

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry. 41:

2119-2123 (1977):

(8) Lucas, S.V. "CC/MS Analysis of

Organics in Drinking Water COncentrations

and Advanced Waste Treatment

Concentrates: Volume 1, Analysis Results for

17 Drinking Water 16-Advanced Waste

Treatment and 3 Process Blank

Concentrates." EPA-600f1-84-020A. NTIS

P85-128221. Columbus, OH: Columbus

41243
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

Labs, Health Effects Research Laboratory. pp.

171 (1984).

(9) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupati~nd1 Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(10) Sax, N.I., and Lewis, R.J. Hawley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th

edition. New York, NY: Van Nostrand

Rpinhold Company. pp. 419 (1987).

(11) Sheldon, LS., and Hites, R.A. "Organic

Compounds in the Delaware River."

Environmental Science and Technology. 12:

1188-1194 (1978).

(12) Slizen. Z.M., Samsonova, A.S., and

Zimenko, T.G. "Degradation of Dimethyl- terephthalate by Soil Microorganisms."

Vestse Akad. Navuk BSSR, Ser Biyal Navuk.

(Abstract), pp. 50-52 (1985). (13) SRI (SRI International). Directory of

Chemical Producers. Menlo Park, CA: SRI

International. pp. 583 (1990).

(14) USITC (U.S. International Trade

Commission). Synthetic Organic Chemicals.

U.S. Production and Sales 1989. Washington,

DC: US Government Printing Office.

Publication No. 2338. pp. 3-2, 3-12 (1990).

(15) Windholz, M. The Merck Index. 10th

ed. Windholz M, Ed. Rahway, NJ: Mark & Co.

pp. 1310 (1983).

2.3 Recommended with intent-todesignate chemicals. None.

2.4 Recommended chemicals. Three

IRIS chemicals and 11 chemical groups

were recommended for testing. Three

IRIS chemicals were recommended

because the Committee wanted to

review TSCA section 8 (a) and 8(d)

submissions and any voluntarily

submitted use, exposure or release and

physical chemical property information

before deciding whether the chemicals

should be designated for testing. Three

groups (alkynes, nitroalcohols and

phosphoniums) were recommended for

minimum physical and chemical

property testing and biodegradation rate

screening tests because of concerns and

uncertainties related to production and

use, potential exposures and releases

from production, processing and use,

and the potential for persistence in the

environment. Structure-biodegradation

relationships (SBRs) are frequently used

to predict the relative rate of

biodegradation and the possible

pathways of degradation. For these

chemical groups there were insufficient

data to develop SBRs and to reasonably

predict chemical biodegradability. Three

groups (hydrazines, oxiranes and

alkoxysilanes) were recommended for

ecological effects tests because of concerns and uncertainties related to

production and use, potential; exposures

and releases from production,

processing and use, and for potential to

cause adverse ecological effects.

Structure-activity relationships (SARs) are frequently used to predict the toxic

potential of chemicals to cause adverse

effects. For these chemical groups there

were insufficient data to develop SARs

and to reasonably predict potential to

cause adverse ecological effects.

Aldehyde hydrates were recommended

for ecological effects testing to complete

the Committee's recommendation

process for aldehydes and their

hydrates. Propylene glycol ethers and

esters and methyl ethylene glycol ethers

were recommended because Congress

directed the Committee to give priority

attention to chemical groups suspected

of causing birth defects. Isothiocyanates

were recommended for persistence

testing to complete the Committee's

recommendation process for

isocyanates and structurally-related

chemicals. Cyanoacrylates were

recommended for physical and chemical

property testing because they are

chemicals with commercially important

bonding applications and there are

insufficient publicly-available data to

reasonably determine or predict

physical and chemical properties.

2.4.a. IRIS Chemicals.

m-Dinitrobenzene (CAS No. 99-65-0).

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has information on the

measured physical chemical properties

of m-dinitro-benzene including, melting

point (89-90 C; Ref. 22, Windholz 1983),

boiling point (300-303 °C; Ref. 22,

Windholz 1983), log octanol/water

partition coefficient (1.49: Ref. 7, Hansch

and Leo 1985). and water solubility (533

mg/L @25 °C; Ref. 19, Spanggord et al.

1980).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee reviewed

available exposure information. In 1977,

I facility listed site limited production of

m-dinitrobenzene (Ref. 21, TSCAPP

1991). Information on current production

volumes is CBI, but production is

substantial. It is used as an intermediate

for m-phenylenediamine, as a possible TNT replacement, and as a cathodic

material in batteries (Ref. 10, Howard et

al. 1976).

B. Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The Committee reviewed

available human exposure information

including the use of m-dinitrobenzene in

commercial and consumer applications which may lead to worker and consumer

exposure. The NOES conducted during

1981-83 by NIOSH reported that 2,489

workers (1,914 females) were potentially

exposed to m-dinitrobenzene. Of these

workers. 22 percent were potentially exposed during the use, of trade name

products containing this compound (Ref.

15, NIOSH 1989). An OSHA PEL does

not exist for m-dinitrobenzene.

C. Environmental exposure. The

Committee reviewed available

environmental exposure information. mDinitrobenzene has been detected at a

concentration of 27 ng/m3 in ambient air

in the vicinity of industrial sources in

Ceismer, LA (Ref. 16, Pellizzari 1978). It

has been detected at a concentration of

62 pg/mL waste in one of four sample

extracts from incineration test sites (Ref.

11, James et al. 1984). m-Dinitrobenzene

was found in condensate water effluent

generated in the manufacture of TNT at

concentrations ranging from 0.20-8.5

mg/L (Ref. 19, Spanggord et al. 1982).

.Chemical Fate Information

The need for chemical fate testing of

m-dinitrobenzene was considered by the

Committee and is not recommended at

this time.

I. Health Effects Information

EPA's RfC/RfD Workgroup requested

that the ITC review health effects testing

for m-dinitrobenzene because there is a

low confidence In the RfD value and no

RfC value. The Committee reviewed

recent publicly-available health effects

studies and recommended testing based

on insufficient studies that could

increase the confidence in the RfD

value.

Developmental toxicity studies were

not located in the available literature.

The Committee has reviewed available

reproductive effects data. Studies

clearly indicate that m-dinitrobenzene is

a potent testicular toxicant in the rat

when administered by the oral route

(Ref. 1, Blackburn 1988; Ref. 3, Cody et

al.-1981; Ref. 4, Evenson et al. 1989a; Ref.

5. Evenson et al. 1989b; Ref. 6, Foster

1989; Ref. 8, Hess et al. 1988; Ref. 9,

Holloway et al. 1990; Ref. 12, Linder et

al. 1986; Ref. 13, Linder et al. 1988; Ref:

14, Linder et al. 1990; Ref. 18, Rehnberg

et al. 1988). Single gavage doses of 15

mg/kg and higher led to dose-related

effects on sertoli cell lactate and

pyruvate production, testicular weight,

and fertility. No treatment-related

effects were noted on female rats

administered up to 20 ppm for 16 weeks

or up to 200 ppm for 8 weeks in drinking

water (Ref. 3, Cody et al. 1981).

Available studies indicate that mdinitrobenzene is a potential

reproductive toxicant, but are.

insufficient to characterize the

reproductive effects of m-dinitrobenzene

because effects on offspring were not.

tested.

The Committee revieWed available

neurotoxicity data. Standard .

neurotoxicity tests of m-dinitrobenzene

41! 1 '
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

were not located. Ataxia and brain stem

lesions were found in germ-free male

rats administered single oral doses of 25

mg/kg, and the same results occurred in

conventional rats, but only after 5 days

of repeated dosing (Ref. 17, Philbert et

al. 1987). Available studies indicate that

m-dinitrobenzene is a potential

neurotoxicant, but are insufficient to

characterize the neurotoxic effects

because only males have been tested,

and only limited endpoints were

examined.

The Committee reviewed available

subchronic toxicity data. Tests with rats

administered m-dinitrobenzene in

drinking water for 16 weeks found

increased splenic weights in the 8 ppm

groups, and in the 20 ppm groups,

decreased body weight gain was seen in

females, testicular effects in males, and

hematology alterations in both sexes

(Ref. 2, Christian et al. 1976; Ref. 3, Cody

et al. 1981). Available studies indicate

that m-dinitrobenzene potentially

produces systemic toxic effects, but are

insufficient to characterize the

subchronic effects of m-dinitrobenzene

because data are available for only one

route of exposure and one species.

The Committee recommends

reproductive effects, developmental

toxicity, neurotoxicity, and subchronic

toxicity testing because there are

potentially substantial exposures to m- dinitrobenzene, and because there are

insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict these effects.

III. Ecological Effects Information

The.need for ecological effects testing

of m-dinitrobenzene was considered by

the Committee and is not recommended

at this time.

References

(1) Blackburn, D.M., Gray, A.J., Lloyd. S.C.,

Sheard, C.M., and Foster, P.M. "A comparison

of the effects of the three isomers of

dinitrobenzene on the testis in the rat."

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 92(1):

54-64 (1988).

(2) Christian, R.T., Clard. C.S., Cody, T.E.,

et al. "The development of a test for the

potability of water treated by a direct reuse

system." Report No. 8. Cincinnati, OH:

Department of Environmental Health, College

of Medicine, University of Cincinnati. .

Contract No. DADA 17-73-C-3013. NTIS

ADA 0225 143 (1976).

(3) Cody, T.E., Witherup. S.. Hastings, L,

Stemmer. K., and Christian. R.T. "mDinitrobenzene: toxic effect in vivo and in

vitro." Journal of Toxicology and

Environmental Health 7(5): 829-847 (1981)..

(4) Evenson, D.P., Janca, F.C., Baer. R.K.,

Jost, L.K.. and Karabinus, D.S. "Effect of m- dinitrobenzene on prepubertal, pubertal, and

adult mouse spermatogenesis." Journal of

Toxicology and Environmental Health. 18(1):

67-80 (1989a).

(5) Evensoh, D.P., lance, F.C., Baer, F.C.,

and Darabinus, D.S. "Flow cytometric

analysis of effects of m-dinitrobenzene on rat

spermatogenesis." Journal of Toxicology and

Environmental Health. 28(1): 81-98 (198gb).

(6) Foster, P.M.D. "m-Dinitrobenzene:

studies on its toxicity to the testicular sertoli

cell." Archives of Toxicology. Suppl. 13: 3-17

(1989).

(7) Hansch, C., and Leo, A.l. Medchem

Project. Issue 26. Claremont, CA: Pomona

College (1985).

(8) Hess, R.A., Linder, R.E., Strader, L.F.,

and Perreault, S.D. "Acute effects and longterm sequelae of m-dinitrobenzene on male

reproduction in the rat I1. Quantitative and

qualitative histopathology of the testis."

Journal of Andrology. 9(5): 327-342 (1988).

(9) Holloway, A.J., Moore, H.D.M., and

Foster, P.M.D. "The use of in vitro

fertilization to detect reductions in the

fertility of male rats exposed to mdinitrobenzene." Fundamentals of Applied

Toxicology. 14(1): 113-122 (1990).

(10) Howard, P.H., Santodonato, J., Saxena,

J., Malling. J., and Greninger, D.

"Investigations of Selected Potential

Environmental Contaminants:

Nitroaromatics" (final report)." EPA-560/2-

76-010. Research Triangle Park, NC: US EPA.

pp. 81 (1976).

(11) James, R.H., Adams, R.E.; Finkel, J.M.,

and Miller, H.C. "Evaluation of Analytical

Methods for the Determination of POHC in

Combustion Products." Journal of the

Proceedings of the Air Pollution Control

Association 77th Annual Meeting. Paper 84-

18.5. pp. 1-25 (1984).

(12) Linder, R.E., Hess. R.A., and Strader,

L.F. "Testicular toxicity and infertility in male

rats treated with m-dinitrobenzene." journal

of Toxicology and Environmental Health.

19(4): 477-489 (1986).

(13) Linder, R.E., Hess, R.A.. Perreault, S.D.,

Strader, L.F., and Barbee, R.R. "Acute effects

and long-term sequelae of m-dinitrobenzene

on male reproduction in the rat I. Sperm

quality, quantity and fertilizing ability."

Journal of Andrology. 9(5): 317-320 (1988).

(14) Linder, R.E., Strader, L.F., Barbee, R.R.,

Rehnberg, G.L. and Perreault, S.D.

"Reproductive toxicity of a single dose of mdinitrobenzene in two ages of young adult

male rats." Fundamentals of Applied

Toxicology. 14: 284-298 (1990).

(15) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(16) Pellizzari, E.D. "Quantification of

chlorinated hydrocarbons in previously

collected air samples." EPA-450/3-78-112.

Research Triangle Park, NC: US EPA. pp..38

(1978).

(17) Philbert, M.A., Gray, A.J., and Connors,

T.A. "Preliminary investigations into the

involvement of the intestinal microflora in

CNS toxicity induced by m-dinitrobenzene in

male F-344 rats." Toxicological Letters. 38:

307-314 (1987).

(18) Rehnberg, G.L, Linder, R.E.. Goldman,

J.M., Hein, F.J., McElroy, W.K., and Cooper,

R.L. "Changes in testicular and serum

hormone concentrations in the male rat

following treatment with m-dinitrobenzene."

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.

95(2): 255-264 (1988).

(19) Spanggord, R.J., Mill, T., Chou, T.W.,

Mabey, W.R., Smith, J.H., and Lee, S.

"Environmental Fate Studies on Certain

Munitions Wastewater Constituents." Final

Report, Phase I - Literature Review. SRI

Project LSU-7934. Contract DAMD 17-78-C5081. Fort Detrick, MD: US Army Medical

Research and Development Command. pp.

34-37 (1980).

(20) Spanggord, R.J., Gibson, B.W., Keck,

R.G., and Thomas, D.W. "Effluent Analysis of

Wastewater Generated in the Manufacture of

2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene. 1..Characterization

Study." Environmental Science and

Technology. 16: 229-232 (1982).

(21) TSCAPP. Computer print-out of

nonconfidential production data from TSCA

inventory. Washington DC: OTS, CID, US

EPA. Online 3/28/91 (1991).

(22] Windholz, M. The Merck Index. 10th

edition. Windholz M, Ed. Rahway, NJ: Merck

& Co. pp. 444 (1983).

Allyl alcohol (CAS No. 107-18-6).

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has information on the

measured physical chemical properties

of allyl alcohol including, melting point

(-129 *C; Ref. 1, Aldrich 1988), boiling

point (96-98 °C; Ref. 1, Aldrich 1988), log

octanol/water partition coefficient (0.17;

Ref. 10, Hansch and Leo 1985), water

solubility (miscible @25 °C; Ref. 25,

Yalkowsky et al. 1989), vapor pressure

(26.1 mm Hg @25 *C; Ref. 4, Daubert and

Danner 1985), and Henry's Law constant

(4.99E-6 atm-m3/mole @25 °C; Ref. 11

Hine and Mookerjee 1975).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee reviewed

available exposure information. In 1977,

between 21 and 110 million pounds of

allyl alcohol were produced at 4

different facilities in the United States

(Ref. 23, TSCAPP 1991). There were 2

facilities that manufactured allyl alcohol

in the U.S. in 1990 (Ref. 22, SRI 1990).

Information on current production

volumes is CBI, but production is

substantial. It is used in resins and

plasticizers, as an intermediate for

pharmaceuticals and other organic

synthesis, manufacture of glycerol, and

acrolein, military poison, and herbicide

(Ref. 20, Sax and Lewis 1987).

B. Evidence for exposure--Human

exposure. The Committee reviewed

available human exposure information

including the use of allyl alcohol in a

variety of commercial and consumer

applications that may lead to worker

and consumer exposure. OSHA's

revised final rule PEL of 2 ppm 8-bour

TWA, 4 ppm 15-minute STEL, and skin

notation was established based on

'41245
Federal Register'/ Voi. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1.491 / Notices

human data considering the effects of

sensory irritation and disturbed vision

from exposure to allyl alcohol at

concentrations higher than the revised

PEL (Ref. 24, U.S.EPA 1989). The NOES

conducted during 1981-83 by NIOSH

reported that 1,019 workers (157

females) were potentially exposed to

allyl alcohol. Of these workers, 100

percent were potentially exposed during the use of actual products containing

this compound (Ref. 16, NIOSH 1989).

Allyl alcohol has been detected in the

breaths from 2 (1 smoker) of 8 male

volunteers in a study of human

respiratory gas (Ref. 3, Conkle et al.

1975).

C. Environmental exposure. Allyl

alcohol is reported to be released as

emissions from gasoline engines (Ref. 9,

Hampton et al. 1982).

1. Chemical Fate Information

The need for chemical fate testing of

allyl alcohol was considered by the

Committee and is not recommended at

this time.

IL Health Effects Information

EPA's RfC/RfD Workgroup requested that the ITC review health effects testing

for allyl alcohol because there is a low

confidence in the RfD value and no RfC

value. The Committee reviewed recent

publicly-available health effects studies

and recommended testing based on

insufficient studies that could increase

the confidence in the RfD value.

The Committee reviewed available

pharmacokinetics data, which are

limited to metabolic conversion studies

with rats administered allyl alcohol by

subcutaneous or intravenous injection

(Ref. 13, Kaye 1973; Ref. 14, Kaye and

Young 1972; Ref. 15, Kodama and Wine

1958), and one in vitro study with rat

liver microsomal and cytosol

preparations (Ref. 17, Patel et al. 1980a;

Ref. 18, Patel et al. 1980ob Ref. 19, Patel

et al. 1983). Available studies are

insufficient to characterize the

pharmacokinetics of allyl alcohol

because there are insufficient

quantitative data on absorption,

distribution, and excretion of allyl

alcohol.

No studies regarding reproductive

effects or standard developmental

-toxicity were located in the publiclyavailable literature. A study in which

male rats were dosed for 33 weeks with

up to 5.1 mg/kg/day by gavage and

mated on weeks 1.11, 21, and 30 was

reviewed (Ref. 12, Jenkinson and

Anderson 1990). No effects were noted

on fetal development. This study is

inadequate for characterizing

developmental toxicity because only

males were tested, and standard

developmental toxicity tests were not

conducted.

No data regarding the neurotoxic

potential of allyl alcohol were located.

The Committee has reviewed available

subchronic toxicity data. Rats

administered 4.8 mg/kg/day for 15

weeks in drinking water showed

impaired renal function, and females

administered 6.9 mg/kg/day developed

increased relative liver and kidney.

weights (Ref. 2, Carpanini et al. 1978).

These data were supportedby a rat oral

study (Ref. 7, Dunlap et al. 1958). A rat

inhalation study with exposures up to

150 ppm for 7 hours/day, 5 days/week

for 90 days showed increased relative

weights and lesions in kidneys and

lungs (Ref. 6, Dunlap and Hine 1955; Ref.

7, Dunlap et al. 1958). These studies

indicate that allyl alcohol is a systemic

toxicant, but are insufficient to

comprehensively characterize systemic

effects because they are limited to tests

with one species.

The Committee recommends

pharmacokinetic, 2-generation

reproductive effects, developmental

toxicity, neurotoxicity, and subchronic

toxicity testing because there are

potentially substantial exposures, and

because there are insufficient data to

reasonably determine or predict these

effects of allyl alcohol.

III. Ecological Effects Information

The Committee reviewed available

ecological effects data. The 12-day LC50

for clam larvae (Mercenaria mercenaria)

exposed in seawater was <2.5 mg/L,

indicating a high sensitivity to allyl

alcohol (Ref. 5, Davis and Hidu 1969).

Static acute tests identified LC50 values

of 1.28 mg/L for rainbow trout

(Oncorhynchus mykiss) (Ref. 21,

Schneider 1979), and 0.32 mg/L for

fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)

(Ref. 8, Ewell et al. 1986).

The Committee recommends algal

toxicity, aquatic invertebrate acute and

chronic, and fish chronic toxicity testing

because there are potentially substantial

releases, and because there are

insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict these effects of

allyl alcohol.

References

(1) Aldrich. Catalog Handbook of Fine

Chemicals. 1988-1989. Milwaukee, WI:

Aldrich Chemical Company. pp. 46 (1988).

(2) Carpanini, F.M.B, Gaunt. l.F, Hardy, J.,

Gangollil. S.D.. Butterworth, K.R., and Lloyd, A.G. "Short-term toxicity of allyl alcohol in

rats." Toxicology. 9. 29-45 (1978).

(3) Conkle. J.P., Camp, B.J, and Welch, BE.

"Trace Composition of Human Respiratory.

Gas." Archives of Environmental Health.

3029O-295 (1975).

(4) Daubert, T.E., and Danner. R.P. Data

Compilation Tables of Properties of Pure

Compounds. New York, NY: American

Institute of Chemical Engineers. pp. 450

(1985)'.

(5) Davis. H.C., and Hidu, H. "Effects of

pesticides on embryonic dev6lopment of

clams and oysters and on survival and

growth of the larvae.": Fisheries Bulletin. 67:

393-404. (1969).

(6)Duilap, M.K., and Hine,C.H. 'Toxicity

of allyl alcohoL" Federation Proceedings. 114:

335 (1955).

(7) Dunlap, M.K., Kodama, J.K., Wellington,

.S., Anderson. H.H., and Hine, C.H. "The

toxicity of allyl alcohol. .Acute and chronic

toxicity." AMA Archives of Industrial Health.

18:303-311 (1958).

(8) Ewell, W.S., Gorsuch, J.W, Kringle. R.O.,

Robillard, K.A., and Speigel, R.C.

"Simultaneous evaluation of the acute effects

of chemicals on seven aquatic species."

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 5:

831-840 (1986).

(9) Hampton. C.V., Pierson, W.R., Harvey,

T.M.. Updegrove, W.S, and Marano, R.S.

"Hydrocarbon Gases Emitted from Vehicles on the Road. 1. A Qualitative Gas

Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

Survey." Environmental Science and

Technology. 16: 287-298 (1982).

(10) Hansch, C., and Leo, Af. Medchem

Project. Issue 26. Claremont, CA: Pomona

College (1985).

(11) Hine, I., and Mookerjee, P.K. "The

Intrinsic Hydrophilic Character of Organic

Compounds. Correlations in terms of

structural contributions." Journal of Organic

Chemistry. 40:292-298 (1975).

(12) Jenkinson, P.C., and Anderson, D.

"Malformed fetuses and karyotype

abnormalities in the offspring of

cyclophosphamide and allyl alcohol-treated

male rats." Mlutation Research. 229(2): 173-

184 (1990).

(13) Kaye, CM. "Biosynthesis of

mercapturic acids from allyl alcohol, allyl

esters and acrolein." Biochemistry Journal.

134:1093-1101 (1973).

(14) Kaye, C.M,, and Young, LK. "Synthesis

of mercapturic acids from allyl compounds in

the rat." Biochemistry JournaL 127(5): 87

(Abstract) (1972).

(15) Kodama, K., and Hine, C.H.

"Pharmacokinetic aspects of ally! alcohol

toxicity." Journal of Pharmacology and

Experimental Therapy. 124:97-107 (1958).

(16) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure.Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(17) Patel, J.M., Wood, J.C., and Leibman,

K.C. 'The biotransformation of allyl alcohol

and acrolein in rat liver and lung

preparations." Drug Metabolism Disposition.

8: 305-308 (1980a).

(18) Patel, J.M., Ortiz, R, and Leibman, K.C.

"Selective inactivation of rat liver

microsomal NADPH-cytochrome c reductase

by acrolein." Federal Processes. 39. 865

(1980b).

(19) Patel, J.M., Gordon, W.P',.Nelson, S.D..

and Leibman K.C. "Comparison of hepatic

biotransformation and toxicity of allyl • : alcohol and (1.1-2H2)allyl alcohol In rats."

41246
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

Drug Metabolism Pisposition. 11: 164-166

(1983).

(20) Sax. N.I., and Lewis, R.J. Howley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th

edition. New York, NY: Van Nostrand

Reinhold Company. pp. 39 (1987).

(21) Schneider, B.A. Toxicology Handbook.

Mammalian and Aquatic Data. Book 1.

T--icology Data. Washington, DC: Office of

Pesticide Programs, US EPA. EPA 540/9-79-

003A. NTIS PB8O-196876 (1979).

(22) SRI (SRI International). Directory of

Chemical Producers. Menlo Park, CA: SRI

International. pp. 452 (1990).

(23) TSCAPP. Computer print-out of

nonconfidential production data from TSCA

inventory. Washington DC: OTS, CID, US

EPA. Online 3/28/91 (1991).

(24) U.S. EPA. "Occupational Safety and

Health Administration. Air contaminants,

final rule." Federal Register. 54(12): 2449

(1989).

(25) Yalkowsky, S.H., Valvani, S.C., Kuu,

W., and Dannenfelser, R. A Database:

Arizona Database of Aqueous Solubility. An

Extensive Compilation of Aqueous Solubility

Data for Organic Compounds (1987).

2,4-Dichlorophenol (CAS No. 120-83-2).

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has information on the

measured physical chemical properties

of 2,4-dichlorophenol including, melting

point (42-43 °C; Ref. 1, Aldrich 1988),

boiling point (209-210 °C; Ref. 1, Aldrich

1988), log octanol/water partition

coefficient (2.92; Ref. 7, Hansch and Leo

1985), water solubility (4,500 mg/L @20 °C; Ref. 19, Yalkowsky et al. 1989), vapor

pressure (0.067 mm Hg @25 °C; Ref. 3,

Bidleman and Renberg 1985), and

dissociation constant (7.892: Ref. 14,

Serjeant and Dempsey 1979).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release, The Committee reviewed

available exposure information. In 1978,

26.482 million pounds of 2.4-

dichlorophenol were produced at 3

facilities in the United States (Ref. 18,

USITC 1979). There was one facility that

manufactured 2,4-dichlorophenol in the

U.S. in 1990 (Ref. 16, SRI 1990).

Information on current production

volumes is CBI, but production is

substantial. 2,4-Dichlorophenol is used

in the manufacture of the pesticide 2,4-D

and in organic synthesis (Ref. 6, Freiter

1979; Ref. 12, Sax and Lewis 1987).

B. Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The Committee reviewed

available human exposure information

including the use of 2,4-dichlorophenol

in a variety of commercial and

consumer applications that may lead to

worker and consumer exposure. The

NOES conducted during 1981-83 by

NIOSH reported that 63 workers (23

females) were potentially exposed to

2,4-dichlorophenol. Of these workers,

100 percent were potentially exposed

during the use of actual products

containing this compound (Ref. 10,

NIOSH 1989). An OSHA PEL does not

exist for 2,4-dichlorophenol.

C. Environmental exposure. The

Committee reviewed available

environmental exposure information.

According to TRI, 1,403 lbs of 2,4-

dichlorophenol were released to air, 107

lbs were released to water, 2 lbs were

released to land, 6 lbs were released to

POTWs in 1987 (Ref. 17, TRI 1990). In

1988, TRI indicates that 2,321 lbs were

released to air, 250 lbs were released to

water, and 12,000 lbs were released to

land (Ref. 17, TRI 1990). 2,4-

Dichlorophenol has been detected in

several drinking water supplies. For

example, it was detected at a mean

concentration of 0.18 ppb in 56 of 108

samples in the National Organic

Monitoring Survey (Ref. 13, Scow et al.

1982). 2,4-Dichlorophenol has been

detected at concentrations ranging from

9-17 ppb in drinking water from 3 of 6

Canadian cities; however, it was not

detected in raw water supplies from

which these drinking waters were

derived (Ref. 15, Sithole et al. 1986). 2,4-

Dichlorophenol was detected in 6 of 10

samples from 2 monitoring wells at a

creosote waste site at concentrations

ranging from 3.2-54.4 ppb (Ref. 2,

Bedient et al. 1984). In an analysis of

ambient urban air during 7 rain

episodes, 2,4-dichlorophenol was

detected at concentrations ranging from

0.60-2.3 ng/m3 (Ref. 9, Leuenberger et al.

1985). 2,4-Dichlorophenol has been

detected in several samples taken from

industrial effluent; for example, it has

been detected in effluent extract from

the organic/plastics, pesticide, organic

chemicals, and the pulp and paper industries (Ref. 4, Bursey and Pellizzari

1982).

1. Chemical Fate Information

The need for chemical fate testing of

2,4-dichlorophenol was considered by

the Committee and is not recommended

at this time.

II. Health Effects Information

EPA's RfC/RfD WorkgrOup requested

that the ITC review health effects testing

for 2,4-dichlorophenol because there is a

low confidence in the RfD value and no

RfC value. The Committee reviewed

recent publicly-available health effects

studies and recommended testing based

on insufficient studies that could

increase the confidence in the RfD

value.

No studies were located in the

publicly-available literature regarding neurotoxicity. The Committee has

reviewed available immunotoxicity

data. Female rats exposed to an authorestimated dose of 3.0 mg/kg/day of 2,4-

dichlorophenol in drinking water from

weaning age through breeding at 90

days, parturition, and weaning of pups,

showed decreased delayed

hypersensitivity response, along with

increased serum antibody levels (Ref. 5,

Exon and Koller 1985). These data

suggest the immune system is sensitive

to 2,4-dichlorophenol; no effects were

seen on other systems, including

reproductive, at this dose level or a

higher dose of 30 mg/kg/day. Further, a

subchronic oral dietary toxicity study

with rats found no adverse effects from

90-day exposure to 2500 ppm (Ref. 11,

NTP 1989), and a limited oral dietary

study with mice found no adverse

effects from doses of 100 mg/kg/day,

while reduced relative liver weights and

SGOT levels were noted in the 230 mg/

kg/day group (Ref. 8, Kobayashi et al.

1972). This immunotoxicity study

indicates that 2,4-dichlorophenol

potentially produces immune system

effects, but is insufficient to

comprehensively charpcterize these

effects because limited immunologic

endpoints were examined.

The Committee recommends

neurotoxicity and immunotoxicity

testing because there are potentially

substantial exposures, and because

there are insufficient data to determine

or predict the effects of 2,4-

dichlorophenol on these systems.

III. Ecological Effects Information

The need for ecological effects testing

of 2,4-dichlorophenol was considered by

the Committee and is not recommended

at this time.

References

(1) Aldrich. Catalog Handbook of Fine

Chemicals. 1988-1989. Milwaukee, WI:

Aldrich Chemical Company. pp. 504 (1988).

(2) Bedient, P.B., Rodgers, A.C., Bouvette,

T.C., Tomson, M.B., and Wang, T.H. "Ground

water quality at a creosote waste site."

Ground Water. 22: 318-329 (1984).

(3) Bidleman, T.F., and Renberg, L,

"Determination of Vapor Pressures for

Chloroguaiacols, Chloroveratroles and

Nonylphenol by Gas Chromatography."

Chemosphere; 14:1475-1481 (1985).

(4) Bursey, j.T., and Pellizzari, E.D.

"Analysis of Industrial Wastewater for

Organic Pollutants In Consent Degree

Survey." Contract No. 68-03-2867. Athens,

GA: US EPA, Environmental Research

Laboratories. pp. 97, 130, 132, 136, 145 (1982).

(5) Exon, J.H., and Koller, L.D. "Toxicity of

2-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-

trichlorophenol." Water Chlorination:

Chemical and Environmental Impact and

Health Effects, Proceedings of the 5th

Conference. pp. 307-330 (1985).

41247
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

(6) Freiter, E.R. "Chlorophenols" In: KirkOthmer Encyclopedia of Chemical

Technology. 3rd edition. New York, NY: John

Wiley and Sons. 5:864-872 (1979).

(7) Hansch, C.. and Leo, A.J. Medchem

Project. Issue No 28. Claremont, CA: Pomona

College (1985).

(8) Kobayashi, S.. Toida, K., Kawamura, H.,

Change, HL, Fukuda, T., and Kawaguchi, K.

"Chronic toxicity of 2,4-dichlorophenol in

mice. A simple design for the toxicity of

residual metabolites of pesticides." Toho

Igakkai Zasshi Journal of the Medical Society

of Toho University. 19(3-4): 356-32 (1972). (9) Leuenberger, C., Ligocki, M.P., and

Pankow, J.F. ' Trace organic compounds in

rain. 4. Identities, concentrations, and

scavenging mechanisms for phenols in urban

air and rain." Environmental Science and

Technology. 19: 1053-1058 (1985).

(10) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(11) NTP (National Toxicology Program). "Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of

2,4-dichlorophenol in F344/N rats and B6C3F1

mice." Prepared for the U.S. Department of

IHealth and Human Services. Technical

Report Series TR 353 (1989).

(12) Sax, N.I., and Lewis, R.J. Hawley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th

edition. New York, NY: Van Nostrand

Reinhold Company. pp. 380 (1987).

(13) Scow, K., Goyer, M.. Perwak, J.,

Woodruff, C., and Saterson, K. "Exposure

And Risk Assessment For Chlorinated

Phenols" (Revised). EPA-440/448-007. NTIS

PB85-211951. Cambridge, MA: Arthur D. Little

Inc. pp. 5-12 (1982).

(14) Serjeant, E.P., and Dempsey, B.

Ionization Constants of Organic Acids in

Aqueous Solution. International Union of

Pure and Applied Chemistry Chemical Data

Series -No. 23. Elmsford, NY: Pergamon Press

Inc. pp. 181 (1979).

(15) Sithole, B.B., and Williams, D.T.

"Halogenated phenols in water at forty

Canadian potable water treatment facilities!'.

Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 69: 807-810 (1986).

(16) SRI (SRI International). Directory of Chemical Producers. Menlo Park, CA: SRI

International. pp. 562 (1990).

(17) TRI (Toxics Release Inventory).

Database Retrieval 7/13/90. US EPA (1990).

(18) USITC (U.S. International Trade

Commission). Synthetic Organic Chemicals.

U.S. Production and Sales 1978. Washington. DC: US Government Printing Office.

Publication No. 1001. pp. 43, 59 (1979).

(19) Yalkowsky, S.H., Valvani, S.C., Kuu,

W., and Dannenfelser, R. A Database:

Arizona Database of Aqueous Solubility. An

Extensive Compilation of Aqueous Solubility Data for Organic Compounds (1989).

b. Alkynes

The Committee recommends alkynes

for physical chemical property and - biodegradation rate screening tests. The

Committee's recommendation is based on concerns and uncertainties related to

production and use, potential exposures

and releases from production,

processing and use and potential for

persistence.

Annual production volumes of the

alkynes exceed 100 million pounds.

Occupational exposure estimates,

available for 10 alkynes, indicate that

almost 60,000.workers are potentially

exposed to alkynes at over 3,000

facilities involved in their production,

formulation, and use (Ref 17, NIOSH,

1990). Uncertainties associated with

occupational exposures are unclear'

since there are no publicly-available.

exposure estimates for 9 alkynes

recommended for testing. OSHA

occupational exposure standards exist

for 2 alkynes. Alkynes are used as

chemical intermediates, fuels and in

specialty formulations, many of which

have the potential for occupational

exposures or environmental releases.

Uncertainties associated with

environmental releases are unclear

since none of the alkynes are on the TRI

and there are no publicly-available

effluent monitoring data for most

alkynes. The Committee recognizes that

one alkyne, 3-btityn-2-ol,2-methyl

(CAS#115-19-5 is among the 53

chemicals in the Organization for

Economic Cooperation and

Development's (OECD) Screening

Information Data Sets (SIDS] phase one

voluntary testing program. Submission

of reliable data or data development

through the OECD SIDS program could

change the Committee's testing recommendations for this alkyne. The

Committee hopes that manufacturers,

processors, and users will respond to

the voluntary solicitation for use,

exposure, and release data (described in

Chapter 1 of this Report) and that

information submitted voluntarily will

clarify uncertainties associated with

use, exposures and releases. The

Committee recognizes that as a result of

this recommendation, the uncertainties

related to exposure and release of

alkynes may be clarified after the

Committee's review of the data obtained

from the automatic 8(a) and 8(d) rules

along with any other voluntary

information submitted as a result of the

request made in Chapter I of this report.

The Committee recommends alkynes

for biodegradation screening rate tests

to identify commercially important

alkynes that are likely to persist in the

environment. The Committee is aware

that one alkyne has been tested for

biodegradation. moderate to slow

biodegradation was reported. The

Committee has not considered health or

ecological effects of alkynes at this time,

because they want to have an

opportunity to review all of the nonpublic health and ecological effects data

as well as chemical fate data, submitted

under TSCA section 8(d) and to meet

with any interested groups before

determining which alkynes should be

tested. Submitted information is likely to

be considered by a number of

government agencies including EPA,

DOT, DOI, and State and local

governments involved with assessing

the impact of chemical releases to the

environment' The Committee makes

non-CBI information available to the

OECD and other international

organizations to promote information

exchange and to conserve chemical

testing resources.

Summary of recommended studies.

Testing recommendations for the 19

alkynes listed in the paragraph

following Table I are summarized in

Table 1.

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has limited

information on measured physical and

chemical properties for the alkynes

listed in the paragraph following Table

1: 10 meltin$ points, 14 boiling points, I

log octanol/water partition coefficient,

11 water solubilities), 4 vapor pressures,

and 2 Henry's Law constants (see Ref. 2

Aldrich 1988; Ref. 3, Boublik et al. 1984;

Ref. 7, Daubert and Danner 1989; Ref. 8,

Dean 1985; Ref. 10, Grafje 1985; Ref. 11,

Hansch and Leo 1985; Ref. 12 Hine and

Mookerjee 1975; Ref. 13, Hort 1978; Ref.

15, McAuliffe 1966; Ref. 18, Riddick 1988;

Ref. 21, Sheppard and Mageli 1982).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee believes that

the alkynes listed in the paragraph

following Table 1 are commercially

available, and that many are produced

in substantial quantities. Actual

production volumes are CBI.

Alkynes are mainly acetylene derived

chemicals (Ref. 10, Grafje 1985; Ref. 13,

Hort 1978). Alkynes are used in a

number of applications including

specialty fuels, as chemical

intermediates, in the manufacture of

Vitamin A, in metal pickling and plating

operations, as antifoaming wetting

agents, in developer compounds,

pesticide wettable powders,

electroplating baths, as a volatile

wetting agent for paper coatings, in floor

polishes, glass cleaning formulations,

coatings, inks, fountain solutions, oilwell acidizing compositions, mild steel

treatments to prevent hydrogen

embrittlement, in the preparation of the

miticide Omite and sulfadiazine, in the

manufacture of butanediol, butenediol,

ethers, and ethylene oxide, in the

production of the wild oat herbicide

41248
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

carbyne (Barban), in the manufacture of

fragrance and flavor chemicals, in

peroxide ester catalysts, in the

manufacture of neoprene, and as a

polymerization initiator (Ref. 5,

Chemcyclopedia 1990; Ref. 10. Grafje

1985, Ref. 13, Hart 1978; Ref. 19, Sax and

Lewis 1987; Ref. 21, Sheppard and

Mageli 1982).

B. Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The NOES conducted during

1981-83 by NIOSH reported that 119

workers were potentially exposed to

propyne; 144 to 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyne3,6-dial; 36,869 to 2-propyn-1-ol; 8,142 to

3,5-dimethyl-l-hexyn-3-ol; 4,170 to 2-

butyne-1,4-diol; 441 tw-.-methyl-3-butyn2-al; 4,574 to 2,4,7,9-tebQwnethyl-5-

decyne-4,7-diol; 64 to 1-buten-3-yne;

2,089 to 2,2-[2-butyne-1,4-

diylbis(oxy)bisethanol; and 1,467 to 3,3-

[2-butyne-1,4-diylbis(o- xy)]bis[2-

hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid] (Ref.

17, NIOSH 1989).

C. Environmental exposure. 2-Butyne1,4-diol has been identified in

wastewater extract from the organics

and plastics industry at a concentration

of 5304 mg/L and 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol

has been detected in wastewater extract

from the electronics industry at a

concentration of 7648 mg/L (Ref. 4,

Bursey and Pellizzari 1982).

Tetramethyl-decynediol (possibly

2,4,7,9-tetramethyl--decyne-4,7-diol)

was detected 5 times at concentrations

from 0.5-22 .g/L in the effluent of

publicly owned treatment works in New

Jersey (Ref. 6, Clark et al. 1991). Propyne

has been detected in ambient air

samples taken in the central business

district of Los Angeles, CA at

concentrations ranging from 0-6 ppb

(Ref. 16, Neligan 1962). Propyne has

been quantitatively detected in 50 urban

air samples and 26 source dominated

samples (Ref. 20, Shah and Heyerdahl

1988).

I. Chemical Fate Information

In a soil biodegradation study, 2-

propyn-l-ol was moderately degraded;

half-lives of 12.6 and 13.0 days were

determined in a slightly basic sandy

loam soil and in an acidic soil,

respectively, with initial concentrations

of 980 and 930 mg/kg-soil, respectively

(Ref. 14, Loehr 1989). In an aerobic

aqueous laboratory screening test with

sewage inoculum, 2-propyn-l-ol

exhibited slow biodegradation (2

percent BOD theoretical) during a 5-day

BOD test (Ref. 9, Dare et al. 1975).

Alkynes are recommended for

physical and chemical property and

biodegradation rate screening tests

because they are produced in

substantial quantities, there are

uncertainties related to environmental

releases and subsequent exposures to

aquatic organisms, there are data for

four alkynes that suggest that effluent

concentrations may exceed

concentrations that are acutely toxic to

fish, and there are insufficient data to

reasonably determine or predict

physical and chemical properties and

biodegradation rates.

II. Health Effects Information

The need for health effects testing

was not considered by the Committee

and is not recommended at this time.

III. Ecological Effects Information

There are few toxicity data indicating

that fish may be acutely sensitive to

some alkynes [e.g., LC50 = 1.5-50 mg/L

for 2-propyn-l-ol and 2-butyne-1,4-diol

and 660-3300 mg/L for 2-methyl-3-butyn2-ol and 3-methyl-1-pentyne-3-ol (Ref. 1,

AQUIRE 1991)]. The need for ecological

effects testing was not considered by

the Committee and is not recommended

at this time.

References

(1] AQUIRE [Aquatic Toxicity Information

Retrieval Data Base). Environmental

Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN. On-Line.

(1991).

(2) Aldrich. Catalog Handbook of Fine

Chemicals. Milwaukee, WI: Aldrich Chemical

Company (1988).

(3) Boublik, T., Fried, V., and Hala, E. "The

Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances: Selected

Values of the Temperature Dependence of the

Vapor Pressures of Some Pure Substances in

the Normal and Low Temperature Region."

Volume 17. Amsterdam, Netherlands:

Elsevier Science Publications (1984).

(4) Bursey, J.T., and Pellizzari, E.D.

"Analysis of Industrial Wastewater for

Organic Pollutants in Consent Decree

Survey," EPA-68-03-2867. Athens, GA:

Environmental Research Laboratory, Office

of Research and Development (1982).

(5) Chemcyclopedia. The Manual of

Commercially Available Chemicals. Volume

9. Kuney. J.H., Ed. Washington, DC: American

Chemical Society. p. 148 (1990).

(6) Clark. L.B., Rosen, R.B., Hartmen, T.G..

Alaimo, LH.. Louis, J.B.. Hertz, C., Ho. C-T.,

Rosen, J.D. "Determination of nonregulated

pollutants in three New Jersey Publicly

owned treatment works (POTWs)." Research

Journal of the Water Pollution Control

Federation. 63:104- 113 (1991).

(7) Daubert, T.E., and Danner, R.P. Data

Compilation Tables of Properties of Pure

Compounds. New York, NY: American

Institute of Chemical Engineers (1989).

(8) Dean, J.A. Lange's Handbook of

Chemistry 13th edition. New York, NY:

McGraw-Hill Book Co. (1985).

(9) Dore, M., Brunet, N., and Legube, B.

"Participation de Differents Composes

Organiques a Ia Valeur des Criteres Globaux

de Pollution." La Tribune du CEBEDEAU. 28:

3-11 (1975).

(10) Grafje, H. "Hexasediols." Chapter 2.4.

In: Ullmann's Encyclopeia of Industrial

Chemistry. 5th Edition. Gerhartz, W., and

Yamamoto. Y.S., Eds. Deerfield Beach. FL:

VCH Publishers. Al: 305-320 (1985).

(11) Hansch, C., and Leo, A.J. Medchem

Project. Issue 26. Claremont, CA: Pomona

College. (1985).

(12) Hine, I., and Mookerjee, P.K. "The

Intrinsic Hydrophilic Character of Organic

Compounds. Correlations in Terms of

Structural Contributions." journal of Organic

Chemistry. 40: 292-298 (1975).

(13) Hort. E.V. "Acetylene-Derived

Chemicals" In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of

Chemical Technology. 3rd edition. New York,

NY: John Wiley & Sons. 1: Z44-276 (1978).

(14) Loehr, R.C. "Treatability potential for

EPA listed hazardous wastes in soil." EPA/

600/2-89/011. Ada OK: US EPA. pp. v, vi. 29-

48(1989).

(15) McAuliffe, C. "Solubility in Water of

Paraffin, Cycloparaffin, Olefin, Acetylene,

Cycloolefin, and Aromatic Hydrocarbons."

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 70:1267-

1275 (1966).

(16) Neligan, &E. "Hydrocarbons in the Los

Angeles Atmosphere." The Archives of

Environmental Health. 5: 581-591 (1962).

(17) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(18) Riddick, J.A., Bunger, W.B.. and

Sakano,T.K. Organic Solvents: Physical

Properties and Methods of Purification.

Techniques of Chemistry. 4th edition. New

York, NY: Wiley-Interscience. 2:258-259

(1986).

(19) Sax, N.I., and Lewis, R.J. HoWley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th

edition. New York. NY: Van Nostrand

Reinhold Company (1987).

(20) Shah. J.J., and Heyerdahl, E.K.

"National Ambient Volatile Organic

Compounds (VOCa) Database Update."'EPA/

600/3-88/010(a). Research Triangle Park, NC:

US EPA (1988).

(21) Sheppard, C.S., and Mageli, O.L.

"Peroxides and Peroxy Compounds. Organic"

In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical

Technology. 3rd edition. New York, NY: John

Wiley & Sons. 17: 27-90 (1982).

c. Nitroalcohols

The Committee recommends

nitroalcohols for physical chemical

property and biodegradation rate

screening tests. The Committee's

recommendation is based on concerns

and uncertainties related to production

and use, potential exposures and

releases from produc tion, processing

and use, and potential for persistence.

Annual production volumes of the

nitroalcohols are CBI, but are large.

Occupational exposure estimates,

available for one nitroalcohol, indicate

that over 20,000 workers are potentially

exposed to the chemical at over 700

facilities involved in production,

formulation, and use (Ref. 2, NIOSH.

1989). Uncertainties associated with

occupational exposures are unclear

since there are no publicly-available

I II

41249
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

exposure estimates. No OSHA

occupational exposure standards exist

for nitroalcohols. Nitroalcohols are used

as chemical intermediates, in

automobile tires, photographic products,

chemical toilets, embalming fluids,

cutting oil emulsions, nonprotein glues,

and sizings, all of which have the

potential for occupational exposures or

environmental releases. Uncertainties

associated with environmental releases

are unclear since none of the

nitroalcohols are on the TRI and there

are no publicly-available effluent

monitoring data. The Committee hopes

that manufactures, processors, and users

will respond to the voluntary solicitation

for use, exposure, and release data

(described in Chapter 1 of this Report)

and that information submitted

voluntarily will clarify uncertainties

associated with use exposures and

releases. The Committee recognizes that

as a result of this recommendation, the

uncertainties related to exposure and

release of nitroalcohols may be clarified

after the Committee's review of the data

obtained from the automatic 8(a) and

8(d) rules along with any other

voluntary information submitted as a

result of the request made in Chapter 1

of this report.

The Committee is recommending

nitroalcohols for physical/chemical

property and biodegradation rate

screening tests to identify commercially

important nitroalcohols that are likely to

persist in the environment. There is no

publicly available information on

nitroalcohol biodegradation. The

Committee has not considered health or

ecological effects of nitroalcohols at this

time, because they want to have an

opportunity to review all of the nonpublic health and ecological effects data

as well as chemical fate data, submitted

under TSCA section 8(d) and to meet

with any interested groups before

determining which nitroalcohols should

be tested. Submitted information is

likely to be considered by a number of

government agencies including EPA,

DOT, DOI, and State and local

governments involved with assessing

the impact of chemical releases to the

environment. The Committee makes

non-CBI information available .to the

OECD and other international

organizations to promote information

exchange and to conserve chemical

Lesting resources.

Summary of recommended studies.

Testing recommendations for the four

nitroalcohols listed in the paragraph

* following Table 1 are summarized in

Table 1.

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee only has measured

water solubility data for nitroalcohols

listed in the paragraph following Table I

(Ref. 1, Dewey and Bollmeier 1981).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee believes that

the nitroalcohols listed in the paragraph

following Table I are commercially

available, and that many are produced

in substantial quantities. Actual

production volumes are CBI.

Nitroalcohols are used as chemical

intermediates sources of formaldehyde

for cross-linking of polymers, to form

polyester and polyurethane products, in

automobile tires as an adhesion agent,

in photographic products as hardening

agents and stabilizers, to control odors

in chemical toilets, as preservatives, in

embalming fluids, as a bactericide and

slimicide for aqueous systems, in cutting

oil emulsions, industrial water systems,

drilling muds, nonprotein glues, and

sizings (Ref. 1, Dewey and Bollmeier

1981; Ref. 3, Sax and Lewis 1987; Ref. 4,

Trotz and Pitts 1981; Ref. 5, Windholz

1983).

B. Evidence for exposure. The NOES

conducted during 1981-83 by NIOSH

reported that 20,044 workers were

potentially exposed to 2-hydroxymethyl2-nitro-1,3-propanediol (Ref. 2, NIOSH

1989).

I. Chemical Fate Information

Except for the water solubility data,

the Committee has no experimental

chemical fate information on the

nitroalcohols listed in the paragraph

following Table 1. Nitroalcohols are

recommended for physical and chemical

property and biodegradation rate

screening tests because they are

produced in substantial quantities, there

are uncertainties related to

environmental releases, and there are

insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict physical and

chemical properties and biodegradation

rates.

II. Health Effects Information

The need for health effects testing

was not considered by the Committee

and is not recommended at this time.

III. Ecological Effects Information

The need for ecological effects testing

was not considered by the Committee

and is not recommended at this time.

References

(1] Dewey, R.H., and Bollmeier.Jr., A.F.

"Nitroalcohols." In: Kirk-Othmer's

Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 3rd

edition. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

15:910-916 (1981).

(2) NIOSH (National Institute of

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(3) Sax, N.I., and Lewis, R.J. Hawley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. lth

edition. New York, NY: Van Nostrand

Reinhold Co. pp. 828, 830, 832, 1195 (1987).

(4) Trotz, S.I., and Pitts, I.J. "Industrial

Antimicrobial Agents." In: Kirk-Othmer's

Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 3rd

edition. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

13:248 (1981).

(5) Windholz, M. The Merck Index. loth

edition. Rahway, NJ: Merck & Co. pp. 946,949,

950, 951, 1393 (1983).

d. Phosphonium compounds

The Committee recommends

phosphonium compounds for physical

chemical property and biodegradation

rate screening tests. The Committee's

recommendation is based on concerns

and uncertainties related to production

and use, potential exposures and

releases from production, processing

and use, and the potential for

persistence.

Annual production volumes of the

phosphonium compounds are CBI, but

are large. Occupational exposure

estimates, available for one

phosphonium, indicate that over 4,000

workers are potentially exposed at

facilities involved in their production,

formulation, and use (Ref. 5, NIOSH,

1989). Uncertainties associated with

occupational exposures are unclear

since there are no publicly-available

exposure estimates for the phosphonium

compounds recommended for testing.

No OSHA occupational exposure

standards exist for the phosphonium

compounds. Phosphonium compounds

are used as phase transfer catalysts,

catalysts for thermosets, and flame

retardants for cotton finishes, many of

which have the potential for

occupational exposures or

environmental releases. Uncertainties

associated with environmental releases

are unclear since none of the

phosphonium compounds are on the TRI

and there are no publicly-available

effluent monitoring data for most

phosphonium com- pounds. The

Committee hopes that manufactures,

processors, and users will respond to

the voluntary solicitation for use,

exposure, and release data (described in

Chapter 1 of this Report) and that

information submitted voluntarily will

clarify uncertainties associated with use

exposures and releases. The Committp'

recognizes that as a result of this

recommendation, the uncertainties

related to exposure and release of

41250
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday' Aigusi 19, i991 f Notices

phosphonium compounds may be

clarified after the Committee's review of

the data obtained from the automatic

8[a) and 8(d) rules along with any other

voluntary information submitted as a result of the request made in Chanter 1

of this report.

The Committee is recommending

phosphonium compounds for physical

chemical property and biodegradation

rate screening tests to identify

commercially important phosphonium

compounds that are likely to persist in

the environment. The Committee has not

considered health or ecological effects

of phosphonium compounds at this time.

because they want to have an

opportunity to review all of the nonpublic health and ecological effects data

as well as chemical fate data, submitted

under TSCA section 8(d) and to meet

with any interested groups before

determining which phosphonium

compounds should be tested. Submitted

information is likely to be considered by a number of government agencies

including EPA, DOT, DOI, and State and

local governments involved with

assessing the impact of chemical

releases to the environment. The

Committee makes non-CBI information

available to the OECD and other

international organizations to promote

information exchange and to conserve

chemical testing resources. Summary of recommended studies.

Testing recommendations for the five

phosphonium compounds listed in the

paragraph following Table I are

summarized in Table 1.

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has one measured

melting point for the phosphonium

compounds listed in the paragraph

following Table 1. (Ref. 1, Aldrich 1988.

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee believes that

the phosphonium compounds listed in

the paragraph following Table 1 are

commercially available, and that many are produced in substantial quantities.

Actual production volumes are CBI.

Phosphonium compounds are used in

a number of applications including

phase transfer catalysts, catalysts for

thermosets, and flame retardants for

cotton finishes such as military goods,

industrial protective clothing, curtains,

and children's sleepwear (Ref. 1, Aldrich

1988; Ref. 3, Chemcyclopedia 1990; Ref.

4, Drake 1980; Ref. 7, Weil 1980). For two

phosphonium compounds no publiclyavailable use information was located

(CAS numbers 35835-94-0 and 124-64-

1).

B. Evidence for exposure. The NOES

conducted during 1981-83 by NIOSH

reported that 4,388 workers were

potentially exposed to

benzyltriphenylphosphonium chloride

(Ref. 5. NIOSH 1989).

I. Chemical Fate Information

The Committee has almost no

experimental chemical fate information

on the phosphonium compounds listed

in the paragraph following Table 1.

Phosphonium compounds are

recommended for physical and chemical

property and biodegradation rate

screening tests because they are

produced in substantial quantities, there

are uncertainties related to

environmental releases, and there are

insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict physical and

chemical properties and biodegradation

rates.

I. Health Effects Information

The Committee is aware that 2

phosphonium compounds have been

tested in both a 13-week prechronic test

and a 2-year bioassay (Ref. 6, NTP.

1987). These compounds caused

hepatocellular necrosis, thyroid and

adrenal gland lesions, and neurotoxicity

in rats and mice, but no evidence of

carcinogenicity or mutagenicity in

Salmonella typhimurium, mouse

lymphoma L5178Y cells and Chinese

hamster ovary cells. The need for health

effects testing was not considered by

the Committee and is not recommended

at this time.

III. Ecological Effects Information

There are no available aquatic

toxicity data for the phosphonium

compounds listed in Table 1 (Ref. 2,

AQUIRE, 1991). The need for ecological

effects testing was not considered by

the Committee and is not recommended

at this time.

References

(1) Aldrich. Catalog Handbook of Fine

Chemicals. Milwaukee, WI: Aldrich Chemical

Company. p. 171 (1988).

(2) AQUIRE (Aquatic Toxicity Information

Retrieval Data Base). Environmental

Research Laboratory. Duluth, MN. On-Line.

(1991).

(3) Chemcyclopedia. The Manual of

Commercially Available Chemicals. Volume

9. Kuney, J.H., ed. Washington, DC: American

Chemical Society. p. 252 (1991).

(4) Drake, G.L. Jr. "Flame Retardants for

Textiles." In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of

Chemical Technology. 3rd edition. New York,

NY: John Wiley & Sons. 10: 420-444 (1980). (5) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(6) NTP (National Toxicology Program).

"Toxicology and carcinogenesis studies of

tetrakis-{hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate

(THPS) and

tetrakis(hydroxymethyjphosphonium

chloride (THPC) (gavage studies)." National

Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park,

NC 27709, Technical Report Series No. 296.

U.S. Department of Health and Human

Services. Public Health Service, National

Institutes of Health (1987).

(7) Weil, E.D. "Flame Retardants

(Phosphorus Compounds)." In: KIrk-Othmer

Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 3rd

edition. New york, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

10: 39-419 (1980).

e. Hydrazines

The Committee recommends

hydrazines for ecological effects testing.

The Committee's recommendation is

based on concerns and uncertainties

related to production, use, persistence.

potential exposures and releases from

production, processing and use, and the

potential for causing ecological effects.

Annual production volumes of

hydrazines exceed 10 million pounds.

Occupational exposure estimates,

available for 14 hydrazines, indicate

that over 154,000 workers are potentially

exposed to hydrazines at over 11,000

facilities involved in their production.

formulation, and use. Uncertainties

associated with occupational exposure

are unclear since there are no publiclyavailable exposure estimates for 21

hydrazines recommended for testing.

OSHA occupational exposure standards

exist for 4 hydrazines. Hydrazines are

used as synthetic intermediates, fuels,

and as additives or reagents in specialty

applications, many of which have the

potential for occupational exposures or

environmental releases. Uncertainties

associated with the uses of the

individual hydrazines are also unclear

since use information is available for

only 12 hydrazines. Uncertainties

associated with environmental exposure

are unclear since only 4 of the

hydrazines are on the TRI and there is

very little publicly-available effluent

monitoring data for. hydrazines. The

Committee hopes that manufacturers.

processors, and users will respond to

the voluntary solicitation for use,

exposure, and release data (described in

Chapter I of this report) and that

information submitted voluntarily will

clarify uncertainties associated with

use, exposures, and releases. The

Committee recognizes that as a result of

this recommendation, uncertainties

related to exposure and release of

hydrazines may be clarified after the

Committee's review of the data obtained

from the automatic 8(a) and 8(d) rules

along with any other voluntary

Ui251
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

information submitted as a result of the

request made in Chapter I of this report.

The Committee is recommending

hydrazines for ecological effects testing

to identify commercially important

hydrazines that are likely to cause

adverse ecological effects. The

Committee is aware that 5 hydrazines

have been tested for ecological effects;

high to moderate toxicity was reported.

The need for chemical fate and health

effects testing of hydrazines were not

considered by the Committee and is not

recommended at this time, because they

want to have an opportunity to review

all of the non-public chemical fate and

health effects data as well as the

ecological effects data submitted under

TSCA section 8(d) and to meet with any

interested groups before determining,

which hydrazines should be tested. The

Committee, however, is aware that'some

hydrazines are carcinogenic, mutagenic,

teratogenic, and acutely toxic to livers,

lungs and other organs of animals. The

Committee recognizes that hydrazine,

methylhydrazine, 1,1-dimethylhydrazine

and 1,2-diphenylhydrazine are listed on

the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments;

any recommendations of comparative

oral and inhalation pharmacokinetics,

subchronic inhalation testing, etc. to

facilitate EPA's Reference

Concentration (RfC) Workgroup's ability

to establish RfC values will occur after

the Committee has reviewed the nonpublic health and safety studies that will

be submitted under TSCA section 8(d).

The Committee also recognizes that

there are uncertainties related to the

commercial production of

methylhydrazine and 1,2-

diphenylhydrazine; TSCA 8(a)

submissions submitted in response to

this Report will be used to evaluate

production volumes of these chemicals.

In addition, the Committee is aware that

some hydrazines may persist for weeks;

however, few data are available.

Submitted information is likely to be

considered by a number of government

agencies including EPA, DOT, DOI, and

State and local governments involved

with assessing the impact of chemical

releases to the environment. The

Committee makes non-CBI information

available to the OECD and other

international organizations to promote

information exchange and to conserve

chemical testing resources. Summary of recommended studies.

Testing recommendations for the

hydrazines listed in the paragraph

following Table 1 are summarized in

Table 1.

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has limited

information on measured physical and

chemical properties for the hydrazines

listed in the paragraph following Table.

1: 7 boiling points, 6 log octanol/water

partition coefficients, 17 melting points,

5 pKa values, and 4 vapor pressures

(Ref. 1, Aldrich 1988; Ref. 4, Boublik et

al. 1984; Ref. 5, Braun and Zirrolli 1983;

Ref. 6, Daubert and Danner 1989; Ref. 12,

Hansch and Leo 1985; Ref. 22, Perrin

1965; Ref. 23, Raphaelian 1966; Ref. 25,

Schiessl 1980; Ref. 33, Windholz et al.

1983).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee believes that

the hydrazines listed in the paragraph

following Table I are commercially

available, and that many are produced

in substantial quantities. Actual

production volumes are CBI.

The major use of hydrazine,

accounting for approximately 60 percent

of its production, is as a synthetic

intermediate. Hydrazines are used in

water treatment, for the protection of

steel boilers, as rocket fuel, reducing

agents, polymer blowing agents, as

synthetic intermediates for dyestuffs,

pharmaceuticals, antipyrine, and nitron

(a stabilizer for explosives), and as a

non-staining high contrast photographic

developer (Ref. 24, Sax and Lewis 1987;

Ref. 25, Schiessl 1980; Ref. 26, Schirmann

1989; Ref. 33, Windholz et al. 1983). For

several hydrazines, no publicly- available use information was located

(CAS numbers 86-93-1, 109-27-3, 110-

21-4, 142-46-1, 563-41-7, 1937-19-5,

2231-57-4, 2582-30-1, 2760-98-7, 5329-

12-4, 6294-89-9, 6610-29-3, 7335-65-1,

7400-27-3, 10396-10-8, 13464-80-7,

20469-71-0, 32687-78-8, 33509-43-2,

63134-30-5 and 63467-74-3).

B. Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The NOES conducted during

1981-1983 by NIOSH estimates that

59,675 workers were potentially exposed

to hydrazine; 38,882 to 1-phenyl-3-

pyrazolidinone; 26,304 to 1,2-dihydro-1-

phenyl-5H-tetrazole-5-thione; 14,621 to

hydrazine monohydrate; 2,815 to

hydrazinecarboxamide

monohydrochloride; 2,197 to 1,1-

dimethylhydrazine; 2,120 to hydrazine

dihydrochloride; 1,822 to carbonic

dihydrazide; 1,494 to 4,4'-oxybisbenzenesulfonic acid dihydrazide; 1,473

to methylhydrazine; 977 to 1,2-

diphenylhydrazine; 910 to hydrazine

sulfate (1:1); 645 to phenylhydrazine

hydrochloride; and 212 to

phenylhydrazine (Ref. 19, NIOSH 1990).

The concentration of hydrazine and 1,1-

dimethylhydrazine in personal air

samples at a propellant production

facility was 0.22-1.6 ppm and 0.23-4.61

ppm, respectively (Ref. 29, Stone 1978).

C. Environmental exposure.

According to the TRI, 356,172 pounds of

hydrazine sulfate (2:1), 30,217 pounds of

hydrazine, 4,333 pounds of 1,1-.

dimethylhydrazine, and 2,928 pounds of

methylhydrazine were released to the

environment in 1988 (Ref. 30, TRI 1990).

Atmospheric emissions of hydrazine

have been associated with the following

industrial operations: finishing plants,

wood products, inorganic pigments.

industrial inorganic chemicals,

pharmaceutical preparations, cyclic

crudes and intermediates, agricultural

chemicals, chemical preparations,

fabricated metal parts, internal

combustion engines, residential lighting

fixtures manufacture, electronic

components and accessories,

semiconductors and related devices,

guided missiles and space vehicles, and

photographic equipment and supplies

(Ref. 21, Pacific Environmental Services,

Inc. 1987). Similarly, atmospheric

emission of 1,1-dimethylhydrazine have

been associated with industrial organic

chemicals, chemical preparations and

petroleum refining (Ref. 21, Pacific

Environmental Services, Inc. 1987).

I. ChemicalFate Information

Except for a search of readily

available information relating to the

persistence of hydrazines in aquatic

systems, the need for chemical fate

testing of hydrazines was not

considered by the Committee and is not

recommended at this time. There is

considerable uncertainty concerning the

persistence of simple hydrazines (i.e.,

hydrazines and methyl substituted

hydrazines) in aquatic systems; reported

half-lives in water range from less than

1 day to approximately 14 days (Ref. 3,

Banerjee et al. 1978; Ref. 5, Braun and

Zirrolli 1983; Ref. 16, MacNaughton 1979;

Ref. 20, Ou and Street 1987; Ref. 27,

Slonim and Gisclard 1976]. More highly

substituted hydrazines, such as

phenylhydrazine, appear to be resistent

to degradation in water (Ref. 15, Kondo

et al. 1988; Ref. 17, Malaney 1960). The

Committee is aware that 1,2-

diphenylhydrazine oxidizes rapidly in

water to form azobenzene and that there

are no direct sampling methods for

environmental samples (Ref. 2, ATSDR

1989). While these factors make it

difficult to assess the importance of 1,2-

diphenylhydrazine in the environment

where continuous sources of 1,2-

diphenylhydrazine are present,

organisms will be exposed to a steady

state concentration of both 1,2-

diphenylhydrazine and azObenzene.

41252
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II. Health Effects Information

The Committee recognizes that the

NIOSH criteria document for hydrazines

identifies hydrazines as carcinogenic,

mutagenic, teratogenic, and acutely

toxic to the liver, lungs, and other

organs of animals (Ref. 18, NIOSH 1978].

The need for health effects testing of

hydrazines was not considered by the

Committee and is not recommended at

this time.

Ill. Ecological Effects Information

Available acute aquatic toxicity data,

for 5 hydrazines (hydrazine, 1,1-

dimethylhydrazine, methylhydrazine,

and hydrazine monohydrate), indicate

that each is highly toxic to at least one

species of freshwater fish, invertebrates,

or algae, and moderately toxic to other

test species (LC50s range from 0.04 to

34.0 mg/L) (Ref. 7, Fisher et al. 1978; Ref.

8, Fisher et al. 1980; Ref. 9, Fisher et al.

1980; Ref. 11, Greenhouse. 1977; Ref. 14,

Hunt et al. 1981; Ref. 28, Slonim 1977;

Ref. 31, Velte 1984). Concentrations of

hydrazine, methylhydrazine, or 1,1-

dimethylhydrazine in excess of 10 mg/L

were teratogenic to embryos of Xenopus

laevis (clawed toad) (Ref. 10,

Greenhouse 1976). Data further indicate

that saltwater fish and invertebrates are

equally sensitive to certain hydrazines

(Ref. 13, Harrah 1977; Ref. 32, Wendler

and Norris, 1985).

Hydrazines are recommended for

ecological effects tests because they are

produced in substantial quantities, there

are uncertainties related to

environmental releases and subsequent

exposures to aquatic organisms, there

are data indicating some hydrazines are

highly toxic to aquatic organisms, and

there are insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict ecological effects.

References

(1) Aldrich. Catalog Handbook of Fine

Chemicals. Milwaukee, WI: Aldrich Chemical

Company. pp. 145, 301, 608, 642, 823,1021,

1158. 1203. 1211. 1328 (1988).

(2) ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances

and Disease Registry). "Toxicological Profile

for 1.2-Diphenylhydrazine." Public Comment

Draft. U.S. Public Health Service. (1989).

(3) Baneree, S., Sikka, H.C., and Gray, R.

"Environmental degradation of 1,1-

dimethylhydrazine." Proceedings of the

Conference on Environmental Chemicals on Hydrazine Fuels. NTIS AD-054-194. Tyndall

Air Force Base, FL (1978).

(4) Boublik, T., Fried, V., and Hala, E. "The

Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances: Selected

Values of the Temperature Dependence of the

Vapor Pressures of Some Pure Substances in

the Normal and Low Temperature Region."

Volume 17. Amsterdam, Netherlands:

Elsevier Science Publications. p. 62, 944

(1984).

(5) Braun, B.A., and Zirrolli. J.A.

"Environmental Fate of Hydrazine Fuels In

Aqueous and Soil Environments." ESL-TR82-45 (NTIS AD-A125- 813/6). Tyndall AFB,

FL: Air Force Engineering Service Center

(1983).

(6) Daubert, T.E., and Danner, R.P. Data

Compilation Tables of Properties of Pure

Compounds. New York, NY: American

Institute of Chemical Engineers (1989).

(7) Fisher, J.W., Harrah, C.B., Weaver, L.K..

and Wingo, W.I. "Acute and behavioral

effects of hydrazine on Lipomas

macrochirus." U.S. NTIS AD-A057 072.

Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. OH:

Aerospace Medical Research Lab (1978).

(8) Fisher, I.W., Myers, D.S., and Meyers,

M.L. "The effects of selected hydrazines upon

fish and invertebrates." Technical Report

Aerospace Medical Research Lab.

Government Reports Announcement Index

8014 (1980).

(9) Fisher, J.W., Harrah, C.V., and Berry,

W.O. "Hydrazine: Acute toxicity to bluegills

and sublethal effects on dorsal light response

and aggression." Transactions of the

American Fisheries Society. 109(3): 304-309

(1980).

(10) Greenhouse, G. "Evaluation of the

teratogenic effects of hydrazine,

methyihydrazine, and dimethylhydrazine on

embryos of Xenopus laevis, the South African

clawed toad." Teratology. 13:167-177 (1976).

(11) Greenhouse, G.A. "Toxicity of nphenyl-alpha-naphthylamine and hydrazine

to Xenopus laevis embryos and larvae."

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and

Toxicology. 18(4): 503-511 (1977).

(12) Hansch, C., and Leo, A.J. Medchem

Project. Issue 26. Claremont, CA: Pomona

College (1985).

(13) Harrah, C.B. "Biological effects of

aqueous hydrazine solutions." Proceedings of

the Conference on Environmental Chemicals

on Hydrazine Fuels. Tyndall AFB, FL Civil

Environmental Engineering Development

Office. Air Force Technical Report CEEDOTR-78-14 (1977).

(14) Hunt, T.P., Fisher, J.W., Livingston,

J.M., and Putnam, M.E. "Temperature effects

on hydrazine toxicity to bluegills." Bulletin of

Environmental Contamination and

Toxicology. 27(5): 588-595 (1981).

(15) Kondo, M., Nishihara, T., Shimamoto,

T., Koshikawa, T., lio, T., Sawamura, R., and

Tanaka, K. "Biodegradation test of chemicals

by cultivation method." Eisei agaku. 34(2):

188-195 (1988).

(16) MacNaughton, M.G. "Environmental

fate of hydrazine." Preprints of the Annual

Science Meeting of the Aerospace Medical

Association. pp. 31-32 (1979).

(17) Malaney, G.W. "Oxidative abilities of

aniline-acclimated activated sludge." journal

of the Water Pollution Control Federation. 32:

1300-1311 (1960).

(18) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). "Criteria

for a recommended standard... occupational

exposure to hydrazines." Department of

Health, Education, and Welfare (NIOSH)

Publ. No. 78-172. (1978)

(19) NIOSH (National Institute Ior

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1990).

(20) Ou, L.T., and Street, I.). "Microbial

enhancement of hydrazine degradation in soil

and water." Bulletin of Environmental

Contamination and Toxicology. 39: 541-548

(1987).

(21) Pacific Environmental Services, Inc.

"Toxic Air Pollutant/Source Crosswalk - A

Screening Tool for Locating Possible Sources

Emitting Toxic Air Pollutants." US EPA

Technical Report EPA-450/4-87-023A. pp. 2-

141.2-145 2-195 to 2-198, 2-201 to 2-203

(1987).

(22) Perrin, D.D. Dissociation Constants of

Organic Bases in Aqueous Solution. London,

Butterworths. pp. 448 (1965).

(23) Raphaelian, L.A. "Hydrazine and Its

Derivatives." In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia

of Chemical Technology. 2nd edition. New

York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. 11: 164-198

(1966).

(24] Sax, N.I.. and Lewis, R.J. Hawley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th

edition. New York, NY: Van Nostrand

Reinhold Company. pp. 40, 612, 864, 903, 905,

907 (1987).

(25) Schiessl. H.W.. "Hydrazine and Its

Derivatives." In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia

of Chemical Technology. 3rd edition. New

York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. 12:734-771

(1980). -

(26) Schirmann, J.P. "Hydrazine" In:

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial

Chemistry. 5th edition. Gerhartz, W., and

Yamamoto. Y.S., eds. Deerfield Beach, FL:

VCH Publishers. A13:177-191 (1989).

(27) Slonim, A.R., and Gisclard. J.B.

"Hydrazine degradation in aquatic systems."

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and

Toxicology. 16(3): 301-309 (1976).

(28) Slonim, A.R. "Acute toxicity of

selected hydrazines to the common guppy."

Water Research. 11(10): 889-895 (1977).

(29) Stone, D.A. "The Autoxidation of

Hydrazine and Unsymmetrical

Dimethylhydrazine." Proceedings of the

Conference on the Environmental Chemistry

of Hydrazine. CEEDO-TR-78-14 (NTSADA054 194). Tyndall AFB, FL: Civil

Environmental Engineering Development

Office. pp. 161-166 (1977).

(30) TRI (Toxics Release Inventory).

Database retrieval. US EPA (1990).

(31) Velte, J.S. "Acute toxicity of hydrazine

hydrate to the fathead minnow (Pimephales

promelas) and daphnid (Daphnia pulex)."

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and

Toxicology. 33(5): 598-604 (1984).

(32) Wendler, B.W., and Norris, D.R.

"Effects of monomethylhydrazine on selected

species of marine diatoms." Bulletin of

Environmental Contamination and

Toxicology. 35(1): 98-105 (1985).

(33) Windholz, M.. Budavari, S.,.Blumetti,

R.F., and Otterbein, E.S. The Merck Index.

10th edition. Rahway. NJ: Merck & Co., Inc.

pp. 250, 473, 691, 872,1051, 1214 (1983).

f. Oxiranes

The Committee recommends oxiranes

for ecological effects testing. The

Committee's recommendation is based

on concerns and uncertainties related to

production, use, persistence, potential

exposures and releases from production,

processing and use, and the potential for

causing ecological effects. Oxirane,

41253
Federal Register / Vol. 56,' No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

methyl oxirane and ethyl oxirane were

designated for testing by the Committee

in their 1st Report (Ref. 11, CEQ 1977); a

number of oxiranes (listed as glycidyl

ethers) were either designated by the

Committee in their 3rd Report (Ref. 63,

U.S. EPA 1978) or listed by EPA in their

Advanced Notice of Proposed Rule

Making for health effects testing (Ref.

65, U.S. EPA 1983). There is also one

oxirane (glycidyl ether) that was not

listed in the Committee's 3rd Report or

by the EPA (GAS No. 6130-72-9,

oxirane, 2,2,2-[1-propanyl-3-

ylidenetris(4,1-phenyleneoxymethylene)j

tetrakis). A brief examination of TSCA

8(d) ecological effects test submissions

received in response to the health

effects testing recommendations for

these previously-recommended oxiranes

suggested that they contained

insufficient data to alleviate the

ecological effects testing

recommendations made in this ITC

Report. Since ecological effects testing

was not recommended for these

previously-recommended oxiranes, they are being recommended for ecological

effects testing at this time.

Annual production volumes of the

oxiranes exceed I billion pounds.

Occupational exposure estimates,

available for 21 oxiranes, indicate that

over 700,000 workers are potentially

exposed to oxiranes at more than 26,000

facilities involved in their production,

formulation and use (Ref. 43, NIOSH,

1989). Uncertainties associated with

occupational exposure are unclear since

there are no publicly-available exposure

estimates for 27 oxiranes recommended

for testing. OSHA occupational

exposure standards exist for 8 oxiranes.

Oxiranes are used as synthetic

intermediates, in epoxy resins, and in a wide range of specialty applications,

most of which have the potential for

occupational exposures or environmental releases. Uncertainties

associated with environmental exposure

are unclear since only 5 oxiranes are on the TRI and there are no quantitative

publicly-available effluent monitoring

data available for oxiranes. The

Committee hopes that manufacturers,

processors, and users will respond to

the voluntary solicitation for use,

-exposure/release data (described in

Chapter 1 of this report) and that

information submitted voluntarily will

clarify uncertainties associated with use exposures and releases. The Committee

recognizes that as a result of this

recommendation, uncertainties related

to exposure and release of oxiranes may

be clarified after the Committee's

review of the data obtained from the

automatic 8(a) and 8(d) rules along with

any other voluntary information

submitted as a result of the request

made in Chapter I of this report.

The Committee is recommending

oxiranes for ecological effects testing to

identify commercially important

oxiranes that are likely to cause adverse

ecological effects. The Committee is

aware that some oxiranes have been

tested for ecological effects; high to low

toxicity was reported. The need for

chemical fate or health effects testing of

oxiranes was not considered by the

Committee and is not recommended at

this time, because they want to have an

opportunity to review all of the nonpublic chemical fate and health effects

data as well as the ecological effects

data submitted under TSCA section 8(d)

and to meet with any interested groups

before determining which oxiranes

should be tested. The Committee,

however, is aware that some oxiranes

are carcinogenic, mutagenic, have

reproductive, developmental, and

neurological effects, and severely

damage lungs, liver, and kidneys.

Submitted information is likely to be

considered by a number of government

agencies including EPA, DOT, DOL and

State and local governments involved

with assessing the impact of chemical

releases to the environment. The

Committee makes non-CBl information

available to the OECD and other

international organizations to promote

information exchange and to conserve

chemical testing resources.

Summary of recommended studies.

Testing recommendations for the 48

oxiranes listed in the paragraph

following Table 1 are summarized in

Table 1.

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has limited

information on measured physical and

chemical properties for oxiranes listed

in the-paragraph following Table 1: 20

boiling points, 1 Henry's Law constant, 6

log octanol/water partition coefficients,

10 melting points, 16 vapor pressures,

and 10 water solubilities (Ref. 2, Aldrich

1988; Ref. 3, Aldrich 1990; Ref. 4, Bogyo

et al. 1980; Ref. 5, Boublik et al. 1984;

Ref. 12, Ciba-Geigy Corporation 1981;

Ref. 13, Ciba-Geigy Corporation 1983;

Ref. 14, Ciba-Geigy Corporation 1983;

Ref. 20, Conway et al. 1983; Ref. 22, -

Daubert and Danner 1989; Ref. 23, Dow

Chemical Company 1978; Ref. 28, Dow

Coming Corporation 1983; Ref. 33, E.I.

DuPont de Nemours & Company 1983;

Ref. 35, Hansch and Leo 1985; Ref. 36,

Hine 1958;. Ref. 38, Lapkin 1965; Ref. 42,

NIOSH 1978; Ref. 44, Osborn and Scott'

1980; Ref. 45, Parker et al. 1978; Ref. 46,

Resnick 1980; Ref. 47; Riesser 1979 Ref.

48, Sax and Lewis 1987; Ref. 49, Schultze

1965; Ref. 58, Sienel et al. 1987; Ref. 68,

Windholz et al. 1983).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposureI

release. The Committeebelieves that

the oxiranes listed in the paragraph

following Table 1 are commercially

available, and that many are produced

in substantial quantities. In 1989, 2.282

billion kilograms of oxirane were

produced at 13 facilities in the United

States (Ref. 67, USITC 1990). Actual

production volumes of other oxiranes

are CBl.

Oxiranes are an important group of

industrial chemical intermediates. In

1990, oxirane was used in the production

of ethylene glycol, 59 percent; nonionic

surfactants, 13 percent; ethanolamines, 8

percent; glycol ethers, 6 percent;

diethylene glycol, 6 percent; triethylene

glycol, 2 percent; and miscellaneous

uses (including polyethylene glycol

production, urethane polyols production

and exports), 6 percent (Ref. 18, CMR

1990]. Other miscellaneous uses of

oxirane include fumigant for spices,

tobacco, furs, bedding, etc, a food and

cosmetic sterilant, and in hospital

sterilization (Ref. 4, Bogyo et al. 1980;

Ref. 10, Cawse et al. 198W, Ref. 37,

Howard et al. 1990). In 1990, methyl

oxirane was used in the production of

urethane polyether polyols, 60 percent

(75 percent flexible foams, 15 percent

rigid foams, and 10 percent for non-foam

uses); propylene glycol, 20 percent;

glycol ethers, 3 percent; miscellaneous

uses (including the production of

industrial polyglycols, surfactants and

isopropanolamines), 5 percent; and

exports, 12 percent (Ref. 19, CIR 1990a).

Other oxiranes are used as

intermediates and reactive diluents for

epoxy resins, an intermediate for

various polymers, stabilizers for

chlorinated solvents, in the production

of glycerol, unmodified epoxy resins,

elastomers, to prepare acyl fluorides,

fluoroketones, and fluorinated

heterocycles, as sources of

difluorocarbene for the synthesis of

numerous cyclic and acyclic cnmpounds,

and products such as glycidyl ethers,

epichlorohydrin-polyamide resins, and

alkyl glycerol ether sulfonate salts (Ref.

46, Resnick 1980; Ref. 58, Sienel et al.

1987). For several oxiranes, no publiclyavailable use information was located

(CAS numbers 81-21-0, 106-86-5,406-

87-6, 106-92-3, 122-60-1, 163-77-9, 286-

20-4, 1686-14-2, 2386-87-0, 2425-79-8,

.2426-08-8, 2451-62-9, 2461-15-6, 2530-

83-8, 3130-19-6 3388-03-2. 3388-04-3,

6130-72-9, 7320-37-8, 15338-82-0, 26447-

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Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

14-3, 26761-45-5, 61792-39-0, 62256-00-2

and 67860-05-3).

B. Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The NOES conducted during

1981-1983 by NIOSH estimates that

238,209 workers were potentially

exposed to methyl oxirane; 193,907 to

ethyl oxirane; 56,052 to trimethoxy[3-

(oxiranylmethoxy)propy silane; 50,130

to oxirane; 45,741 to (butoxymethyl)

oxirane; 35,614 to (chioromethyl)

oxirane; 23,811 to 2,2-[(1-

methylethylidene)bis-(4,1-

phenyleneoxymethylene)]bis oxirane;

14.725 to 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-3-

carboxylic acid, 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hept3-ylmethyl ester; 11721 to [(2-

ethylhexyl)oxy methyl] oxirane; 7,745 to

trimethoxy[2-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-

yl)ethyl] silane; 7,177 to

(phenoxymethyl) oxirane; 4492 to

[(methylphenoxy)methyl] oxirane; 4,260

to 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane, 3-

oxiranyl-; 3,167 to oxiranemethanol;

2,874 to 7-oxabicyclo[4.1.oheptane; 2,751

to 2,2-[(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-

propanediyl)bis(oxymethylene)]bis

oxirane; 1,856 to 2,2-[1,3-phenylenebis-

(oxymethylene)]bis oxirane; 1,433 to [(2-

methylphenoxy)methyl] oxirane; 458 to

phenyl oxirane; 413 to [(2-.

propenyloxy~methyl] oxirane; and 154 to

[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)methyl] oxirane

(Ref. 43, NIOSH 1989). Although its use

as a sterilant is small, a high percentage

of worker exposure results from the use

of oxirane as a sterilant. OSHA

estimates that the number of workers

exposed to oxirane in various industries

are: 3,676 during production and

synthesis, 62,370 directly (25,000

indirectly] in sterilization at health care

facilities, 14,000 directly (116,900

indirectly) in sterilization of medical

products, and 160 during spice

sterilization (Ref. 64, U.S. EPA 1983). In

addition, some exposure survey results

were: hospital sterilization chamber

operators - 2.5 ppm TWA and medical

products manufacturers 0.1-2 ppm 8 hr

TWA (Ref. 64, U.S. EPA 1983).

C. Environmental exposure.

According to the TRI, 4,702,454 pounds

of oxirane, 4,200,883 pounds of methyl

oxirane, 2,314 pounds of phenyl oxirane,

95,446 pounds of ethyl oxirane, and

474,052 pounds of (chloromethyl)oxirane were released to the environment in

1988 (Ref. 59, TRI 1990). Release to the

environment is primarily associated

with the production and use of oxiranes

as chemical intermediates. Oxirane and

methyl oxirane have been qualitatively

detected in effluent from a chemical

production facility in Brandenburg, KY

in February, 1974, (chloromethyl)oxirane

was qualitatively detected in industry

effluent in Louisville, KY, and phenyl

oxirane was found in effluent from the

latex industry in Louisville, KY in

March, 1974 and effluent from chemical

production facilities in Collierville, TN,

Louisville, KY and Memphis, TN in 1974

(Ref. 50, Shakelford and Keith 1976). 7-

Oxa-bicyclo[4.1.0]heptane has been

identified in 2 of 17 drinking water

concentrates in the United States (Ref.

39, Lucas 1984).

I. Chemical Fate Information

Except for a search of readily

available information relating to the

persistence of oxiranes in aquaticsystems, the need for chemical fate

testing of oxiranes was not considered

by the Committee and is not

recommended at this time. The search

for persistence data revealed that for

many of the low molecular weight

oxiranes, hydrolysis half-lives range

from 4.4 days to 28 days, with an

average of 14 days (Ref. 40, Mabey and

Mill 1978). Higher molecular weight

oxiranes would be expected to have

longer hydrolysis half-lives.

II. Health Effects Information

Except for a search of a readily

available information on oxiranes,

which indicated that they may be

carcinogenic, mutagenic, have

reproductive, developmental, and

neurological effects, and severely

damage lungs, liver, and kidneys (Ref.

42, NIOSH 1978; Ref. 66, U.S. EPA, 1985),

the need for health effects testing was

not considered by the Committee and is

not recommended at this time.

m. Ecological Effects Information

Available ecological effects data for

11 oxiranes indicate that acute aquatic

toxicity LCso values range of 3.5 to 349

mg/L. These include: oxirane (Ref. 60,

Union Carbide Corporation 1983),

methyl oxirane (Ref. 21, Crews 1974; Ref.

51, Shell Oil Company 1982a; Ref. 56,

Shell Oil Company 1987), phenyl oxirane

(Ref. 34, Geyer et al. 1985),

(chloromethyl) oxirane (Ref. 1,

Alabaster 1969; Ref. 6, Bringmann &

Kuhn 1977; Ref. 7, Bringmann & Kuhn

1978; Ref. 8, Bringmann & Kuhn 1980a;

Ref. 9, Bringmann & Kuhn 1980b; Ref. 15,

Ciba Geigy Corporation 1984; Ref. 24,

Dow Chemical Company 1982; Ref. 25,

Dow Chemical Company 1987a; Ref. 26,

Dow Chemical Company 1987b; Ref. 27,

Dow Chemical Company 1987c; Ref. 41,

Mayes et al. 1983; Ref. b1, Shell Oil

Company 1982a),

trifluoro(trifluoromethyl)oxirane (Ref.

29, E.I. Dupont de Nemours & Company,

Inc. 1982a; Ref. 30, E.I. Dupont de

Nemours & Company, Inc. 1982b; Ref. 31,

E.I. Dupont de Nemours & Company, Inc.

1982c; Ref. 32, E.L. Dupont de Nemours &

Company, Inc. 1982d;], 2,2-1,4-

butanediylbis(oxymethylene) bisoxirane

(Ref. 16, Ciba Geigy Corporation 1989a),

(butoxymethyl) oxirane (Ref. 52, Shell

Oil Company 1982c; Ref. 55, Shell Oil

Company 1985; Ref. 59, Shell Oil

Company 1990), (2-ethylhexyl) oxy

methyloxirane (Ref. 51, Shell Oil

Company 1982a; Ref. 53, Shell Oil

Company 1982d), trimethoxy[3-

(oxiranylmethoxy)propyl]-silane (Ref.

61, Union Carbide Corporation 1988; Ref.

62, Union Carbide Corporation 1989),

(methylphenoxy)methyl-oxirane (Ref. 17,

Ciba Geigy Corporation 1989b), and

neodecanoic acid, oxiranylmethyl ester

(Ref. 54, Shell Oil Company 1984).

Oxiranes are recommended for

ecological effects tests because they are

produced in substantial quantities, there

are uncertainties related to

environmental releases and subsequent

exposures to aquatic organisms, and

there are insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict ecological effects.

References

(1) Alabaster, J.S. "Survival of fish in 164

herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, wetting

agents and miscellaneous substances."

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(3) Aldrich. Catalog Handbook of Fine

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(5) Boublik, T., Fried, V., and Hala, E. "The

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(9) Bringmann, G., and Kuhn R.

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water pollutants to protozoa. Ill. Saprozoic

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41255
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

( (10) Cawse, J.N., Henry, J.P.. Swartzlander,

M.W., and Wadia, P.H., "Ethylene Oxide." In:

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical

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(1977).

(12) Ciba-Giegy Corporation. [Letter

including reports on 4-(diglyciylamino)phenyl

glycidyl ether SCE study, nucleus anomaly

test, point mutation assay, and mutagenicity

evaluation]. TSCA 8e submission 8EHQ1281-0426. Washington, DC: OTS, US EPA

(1981).

(13] Ciba-Giegy Corporation. "Material

safety data sheet: Araldite RD-2."

Hawthorne, NY: Ciba-Geigy Corporation

(1983).

(14] Ciba-Giegy Corporation. "Material

safety data sheet: Araldite DY 023."

Hawthorne, NY: Ciba-Geigy Corporation

(1983).

(15) Ciba Geigy Corporation. "Acute

toxicity to rainbow trout, carp, catfish and

bluegill of TK 11263." TSCA ad submission

87-8213914, microfiche number OTS020635.

Washington, DC: OTS, US EPA (1984).

(1) Ciba Geigy Corporation. "Acute

toxicity of 1,4-butanediol-diglycidylether to

zebra fish." TSCA ad submission 86-

890000277, microfiche number OTS0519046.

Washington, DC: OTS, US EPA (1989a).

(17) Ciba Geigy Corporation. "Eight health

and safety studies." TSCA ad submission 86-

890000230, microfiche number OTS0516765.

Washington, DC: OTS. US EPA (198gb).

(18) CMR. "Propylene Oxide Chemical

Profile." Chemical Marketing Reporter.

January 8 (1990).

(19) CMR. "Ethylene Oxide Chemical

Profile." Chemical Marketing Reporter.

February 12 (1990a).

(20) Conway, R.A., Waggy, G.T, Spiegel,

M.H., and Berglund, R.L. "Environmental Fate

and Effects of Ethylene Oxide."

Environmental Science and Technology. 17:

107-112 (1983).

(21] Crews, R.C. "Effects of propylene

oxide on selected species of fishes."

Technical Report AFATL-TR-74-183. Eglin

Air Force Base, FL: Environics Office, Air

Force Armament Lab (1974].

(22) Daubert, T.E., and Danner, R.P. Data

Compilation Tables of Properties of Pure

Compounds. New York, NY: American

Institute of Chemical Engineers (1989).

(23] Dow Chemical Company. "Product

bulletin: Dow liquid epoxy resins." Midland,

MI: Dow Chemical Company (1976).

(24) Dow Chemical Company. "The toxicity

of chemicals to the freshwater green alga,

Selenastrum capricornutum printz." TSCA 8d

submission 86-890001154Sm microfiche

number OTS0520294. Washington, DC: OTS,

US EPA (1962).

(25) Dow Chemical Company. "Study to

assess the influence of age on the response of

fathead minnows in static acute toxicity

tests." TSCA ad submission 86;-870002091.

microfiche number OTS0517180. Washington,

DC: OTS, US EPA (1987a).

(26) Dow Chemical Company. "Fish

toxicity studies." TSCA ad submission 86-

870002097, microfiche number OTS0517186.

Washington, DC: OTS, US EPA (1987b).

(27] Dow Chemical Company. "Precision of

daphnid (Daphnia magna Straus, 1820] static

acute toxicity tests." TSCA ad submission 86-

870002072, microfiche number OTS0517161.

Washington. DC: oTs, US EPA (1987c).

(28] Dow Coming Corporation. "Industrial

hygiene survey [information claimed as CBI

and gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (Dow Corning]

vapors during production at the [information

claimed as CBI." TSCA 8d submission 87-

8220802, microfiche number OTS0215092.

Washington, DC: OTS, US EPA (1983)

(29] E.I. Dupont de Nemours & Company,

Inc. "96-Hour LCwo to bluegill sunfish." TSCA

ad submission 87-8220387, microfiche number

OTS0215034. Washington, DC: OTS, US EPA

(1982a).

(30) E.I. Dupont de Nemours & Company,

Inc. "Acute toxicity of H-9588-03 to bluegill

(Lepomis macrochirus)." TSCA ad

submission 87-220389, microfiche number

OTS0215034. Washington, DC: oTs, US EPA

(1982b). /

(31) E.I. Dupont de Nemours & Company,

Inc. "48-Hour LCao to Daphnia magna." TSCA

8d submission 87-8220388, microfiche number

OTS0215034. Washington. DC: oTs, US EPA

(1982c).

(32) E.I. Dupont de Nemours & Company,

Inc. "48-Hour LC. to Daphnia magna." TSCA

ad submission 87--8220390, microfiche number

OTS0215034. Washington, DC: oS, US EPA

(1982d).

(33] E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company.

"Toxicity and physiological activity of

glycidyl methacrylate." TSCA ad submission

878211760. Washington. DC: OTs, US EPA

(1983).

(34] Geyer, H., Scheunert, L, and Korte, F.

"The effects of organic environmental

chemicals on the growth of the alga

Scenedesmus subspicatus: A Ocontribution to

environmental iology." Chemosphere. 14(g):

1355-1369 (1985).

(35) Hansch, C., and Leo, A.J. Medchem

Project. Issue 26. Claremont, CA: Pomona

College. (1985).

(38) Hine, C.H., Kodama, J.K., Wellington,

J.S., Dunlap, NIK., and Anderson. H.H. ' The

toxicology of glycidol and some glycidyl

ethers." AMA Archives of Industrial Health.

14 250-264 (1958).

(37] Howard, P.H., Jarvis, W.F., Sage, G.W.,

Basu, D.K., Gray, D.A., Meylan, W.M., and

Crosbie, E.K. Handbook of Environmental

Fate and Exposure Data for Organic

Chemicals. Large Production and Priority

Pollutants. Chelsea, ML Lewis Publishers. 1:

335-341 (1989].

(38) Lapkin. M. "Epoxides." In: KirkOthmer Encyclopedia of Chemical

Technology. 2nd Edition. New York, NY: John

Wiley and Sons. 8: 263-293 (1965). .

(39) Lucas, S.V. "GC/MS Analysis of

Organics in Drinking Water Concentrations

and Advanced Waste Treatment

Concentrates: Volume 1. Analysis Results for

17 Drinking Water, 16 Advanced Waste

Treatment and 3 Process Blank

Concentrates." U.S.EPA-600/1-84-020A.

(NTIS PB85-128221). Columbus. O:

Columbus Labs, Health Effects Research

Laboratory. p. 145 (1984).

(40) Mabey, W., and Mill, T. "Critical

review of hydrolysis of organic compounds in

water under environmental conditions."

Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference

Data. 7(2]: 383-415 (1978].

(41) Mayes, M.A., Alexander H.C., and

Dill, D.C. "A study to assess the influence of

age on the response of fathead minnows in

static acute toxicity tests." Bulletin of

Environmental Contamination and

Toxicology. 31 139-147 (1983).

(42 NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). "Criteria

for a recommended standard ***

occupational exposure to glycidyl ethers."

Washington, DC: DEHW, NIOSH (1978).

(43) NIOSH (National Institute of

Occupational Safety and Health) National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(19b9).

(44) Osborn, A.G., and Scott, D.W. "Vapor

Pressure of 17 Miscellaneous Organic

Compounds." Journal of Chemical

Thermodynamics. 12:429-438 (1980).

(45) Parker. J.W., Ingham, M.P., Turner. R.J.,

and Woode, 1.11 "Carboxylic acids." In: KirkOthmer Encyclopedia of Chemical

Technology. 3rd Edition. New York. NY: John

Wiley & Sons. 4: 864-871 (1978).

(46) Resnick, P.R. "Fluorine Compounds,

Organic. Perfluoroepoxides." In: Kirk-Othmer

Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 3rd

Edition. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

10: 956-962 (1980).

(47) Riesser, G.I-L "Chlorohydrins." lIn

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical

Technology. 3rd Edition.New York, NY: John

Wiley & Sons. 5:848-864 (1979).

(48) Sax. N.I., and Lewis, R.J. Hawley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 1th

edition. New York, NY: Van Nostrand

Reinhold Company. pp. 186, 338, 569,898,

1006 (1987].

(49) Schultze, H.C. "Ethylene Oxide." In:

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical

Technology. 2nd Edition. New York, NY: John

Wiley & Sons. 8 523-558 (1965).

(50) Shakelford, W.M., and Keith, LI.

"Frequency of organic compounds identified

in water." US EPA-800/4-70-062. pp, 117,129,

208, 214 (1976).

(51) Shell Oil Company. "Determination of

acute toxicity to fish of shell chemicals." 1.

TSCA ad submission 87--8210129, microfiche

number OTS0206200. Washington, DC: OTS,

US EPA (1982a).

(52] Shell Oil Company. " N-butyl glycidyl

ether Acute toxicity to Salino gairdneyi,

Daphnia magna, and Selenastrum

capricornutum." TSCA ad submission 87-

8210062, microfiche number OTS0206194.

Washington. DC: 01S, US EPA (1982c).

(53) Shell Oil Company. "The acute toxicity

of 2-ethyl hexyl glycidyl ether to rainbow

trout (Salmo gairdnerij and (Daphnia

magno)." TSCA ad submission 87-8210063.

microfiche number OTS0206194. Washington,

DC: ors, US EPA (1982d.

(54) Shell Oil Company, "Cardura E10:

Acute toxicity to Salmo gairdneri, Daphnia

magna, and Selenastrum capricornutum."

TSCA ad submission 87-8214197, microfiche

number OTS02064-8s. Washington, DC: OTS

US EPA (1984).

41256
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

(55) Shell Oil Company. "Toxicity tests

with Daphnia magna: Acute toxicity of eight

test materials to a newly-introduced strain of

Daphnia magna in reconstituted fresh water."

TSCA 8d submission 87-8214957, microfiche

number OTS0206734. Washington, DC. orS,

US EPA (1985).

(56) Shell Oil Company. "Propylene oxide:

Acute toxicity and n-octanol/water partition

coefficient." TSCA 8d submission 86-

870001657, microfiche number OTS0515735.

Washginton, DC: OTS, US EPA (1987).

(57) Shell Oil Company. "Letter from Shell

Oil Company to US EPA regarding the

submission of multiple 8d studies (30 studies

enclosed)." TSCA 8d submission 86-

900000447, microfiche number OTS0526023.

Washington. DC: OTS, US EPA (1990).

(58) Sienel, G., Rieth, R., and Rowbottom,

K.T. "Epoxides" In: Ullmann's Encyclopedia

of Industrial Chemistry. 5th Edition. " Gerhartz, W., and Yamamoto. Y.S., eds.

Deerfield Beach, FL VCH Publishers. Ag:

531-545 (1987).

(59) TRI (Toxics Release Inventory).

Database retrieval 4/11/90 (1990).

(60) Union Carbide Corporation.

"Environmental fate and effects of ethylene

oxide." TSCA 8d submission 87-8212058,

microfiche number 0T50206060. Washington.

DC: OTS, US EPA (1983).

(61) Union Carbide Corporation.

"Additional ecological fate and effects data."

TSCA 8d submission 8-880000352,

microfiche number OTS0516502. Washington.

DC: OTS. US EPA (1988).

(62) Union Carbide Corporation.

"Ecological fate and effects testing of UCC

products and wastewaters during 198&"

TSCA 8d submission 86-890001415S,

microfiche number OTS0521031. Washington,

DC: oTs, US EPA (1980).

(63) U.S. EPA. "Third Report of the TSCA

Interagency Testing Committee to the

Administrator, Environmental Protection

Agency." Federal Register. 43:50630-50635

(1978).

(64) U.S.EPA. "Occupational Exposure to

Ethylene Oxide." Federal Register. 48: 17284-

17319 (1983).

(65) U.S. EPA. "Toxic Substances; Glycidol

and its derivatives; response to the

Interagency Testing Committee." Federal

Register. 48:57562-57571. (1983).

(66) U.S. EPA. "Health assessment

document for ethylene oxide, final report." U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,

Report No. EPA/600/8-84/009F. NTIS No.

PB8.-102597. (1985].

(67) USITC (US International Trade

Commission). Synthetic Organic Chemicals.

U.S. Production and Sales 1989. Washington,

DC: US Government Printing Office.

Publication No. 2338. pp. 15-8 15-31 (1990).

(68) Wlndholz, M., Budavari. S, Blumetti,

R.F., and Otterbein. E.S. The Merck Index.

10th edition. Rahwey, NJ: Merck & Co., Inc.

pp. 550, 645,1131 (1963).

g. Alkoxysilanes

The Committee recommends

alkoxysilanes for ecological effects

testing. The Committee's

recommendation is based on concerns

and uncertainties relathd to production,

use, persistence, potential exposures

and releases from production,

processing and use, and the potential for

causing ecological effects.

Annual production volumes of the

alkoxysilanes exceed 10 million pounds.

Occupational exposure estimates,

available for 14 alkoxysilanes, indicate

that 500,000 workers are potentially

exposed to alkoxysilanes at almost

30,000 facilities involved in their

production, formulation, and use (Ref. 5.

NIOSH, 1989). Uncertainties associated

with occupational exposure are unclear

since there are no publicly-available

exposure estimates for 25 alkoxysilanes

recommended for testing. OSHA

occupational exposure standards exist

for only one of the alkoxysilanes.

Alkoxysilanes are used as synthetic

reagents, in polymers, and in many

specialty applications, many of which

have the potential for occupational

exposures or environmental releases.

Uncertainties associated with the uses

of the individual alkoxysilanes are also

unclear since use information is

available for only 13 alkoxysilanes.

Uncertainties associated with

environmental exposure are unclear

since none of the alkoxysilanes are on

the TRI and there are no publiclyavailable effluent monitoring data.

The Committee hopes that

manufacturers, processors, and users

will respond to the voluntary solicitation

for use, exposure, and release data

(described in Chapter 1 of this report)

and that information submitted

voluntarily will clarify uncertainties

associated with use, exposures, and

releases. The Committee recognizes that

as a result of this recommendation,

uncertainties related to exposure and

release of alkoxysilanes may be

clarified after the Committee's review of

the data obtained from the automatic

8(a) and 8(d) rules along with any other

voluntary information submitted as a

result of the request made in Chapter 1

of this report.

The Committee is recommending

alkoxysilanes for ecological effects to

identify commercially important

alkoxysilanes that are likely to cause

adverse ecological effects. The

Committee is aware that one

alkoxysilane has been tested for

ecological effects; moderate toxicity was

reported. The need for chemical fate and

health effects testing of alkoxysilanes

was not considered by the Committee

and is not recommended at this time,

because they want to have an

opportunity to review all of the nonpublic chemical fate and health effects

data as well as well as the ecological

effects data submitted under TSCA

section 8(d) and to meet with any

interested groups before determining

which alkoxysilanes should be tested.

Submitted information is likely to be

considered by a number of government

agencies including EPA, DOT, DOI, and

State and local governments involved

with assessing the impact of chemical

releases to the environment The

Committee makes non-CBI information

available to the OECD and other

international organizations to promote

information exchange and to conserve

chemical testing resources.

Summary of recommended studies.

Testing recommendations for the 37

alkoxysilanes listed in the paragraph

following Table 1 are summarized in

Table 1. Two alkoxysilanes that also

have an oxirane substructure are listed'

in the paragraph following Table 1. They

are only listed with the oxiranes

(numbers 90 and 94) to avoid duplicate

listing. One alkoxysilane (number 120)

also has a methyl ethylene glycol

substructure; it is also only listed with

the alkoxysilanes to avoid duplicate

listing.

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has limited

information on measured physical/

chemical properties for the

alkoxysilanes listed in the paragraph

following Table 1: 9 boiling points, 4

melting points, and 2 vapor pressures

(Ref. 1. Arkles 1982; Ref. 3, Boublik et al.

1984; Ref. 6, Ohe 1976). Some

alkoxysilanes, particularly the lower

molecular weight compounds (i.e.,

tetraethoxysilane (CAS No. 78-10-4)

and tetramethoxysilane (CAS No. 681-

84-5)) are expected to be susceptible to

chemical hydrolysis whereas more

highly branched alkoxysilanes are not

(Ref. 1, Arkles 1982). Furthermore, the

order of reactivity is expected to be:

R3SiOR < R2Si(OR)2 < RSi(OR)3 <

Si(OR)4 (Ref. 2, Baant and Chvalovsk

1965).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee believes that

the alkoxysilanes listed in the paragraph

following Table I are commercially

available, and that many are produced

in substantial quantities. Actual

production volumes are CBI.

Alkoxysilanes are used in binders In

foundry-mold sands for thin-shell

castings, in binders for refractories, as

resins, in coatings, in the preparation of

specialty glasses for fiber optics and

solar materials as well as low heat

glasses, in the preparation of abrasionresistant coatings for plastics and

dielectric coatings for high temperature

41257
41258 Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

electronic components, in the production

of water repellents for protective and

consolidating coatings for masonry and

other applications, as cross linking

agents, in coatings for liquid

chromatography, and in thermal

exchange applications such as solar

panels (Ref. 1, Arkles 1982). For several

alkoxysilanes, no publicly-available use

information was located (CAS numbers

78-08-0, 919-30-2, 919-31-3, 1067-53-4,

1067-66-9, 1760-24-3, 2530-83-8, 2530-

85-0, 2530-87-2, 2768-02-7, 3179-76-8,

3388-04-3, 4130-08-9, 4420-74-0, 5089-

76-9, 6843-66-9, 3170-23-5, 13822-56-5,

17945-05-0, 18395-30-7. 18765-32-7,

23779-32-0, 26115-70-8, 29043-70-7,

33401- 49-9, 35141-30-1, 40372-72-3 and

42965-91-3).

B. Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The NOES conducted during

1981-1983 by NIOSH estimates that

5,270 workers were potentially exposed

to ethenyltriethoxysilane; 1,298 to

tetraethoxysilane; 19,175 to bis(1,1-

dimethylethoxy)silyleneacetate (CAS

No. 13170-23-5); 6,506 to

phenyltriethoxysilane; 25,344 to 3-

(triethoxysilyl)-l-propanamine (CAS No.

919-30-2): 3,358 to 6-ethenyl-6-(2-

methoxyethoxy)-2,5,7,10-tetraoxa-6-

silaundecane; 30,328 to

methyltrimethoxysilane; 29,372 to N-(3-

(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-1,2-

ethanediamine (CAS No. 1760-24-3);

3,474 to methyltriethoxysilane; 27,494 to

methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane

(CAS No. 2530-85-0); 7,744 to 3,4-

epoxycyclohexylethyltrimethoxysilane

(CAS No. 3388-04-3); 59,282 to

methyltriacetoxysilane; 81 to 3-

(trimethoxysilyl)-l-propanethiol (CAS

No. 4420-74-0); and 8,172 to

ethyltriacetoxysilane (Ref. 5, NIOSH

1989).

C. Environmental exposure.

Information was not readily available.

I. Chemical Fate Information

The need for chemical fate testing of

alkoxysilanes was not considered by the

Committee and is not recommended at

this time.

II. Health Effects Information

The need for health effects testing of

alkoxysilanes was not considered by the

Committee and is not recommended at

this time.

il. Ecological Effects Information

Available aquatic toxicity data for

one alkoxysilane (ethenylsilanetriol

triacetate) (Ref. 4, Dow Coming Corp.,

1986) indicate that it is moderately toxic

to some aquatic organisms (LCs0. = 23

to <100 mg/L).

Alkoxysilanes are recommended for

ecological effects tests because they are

produced in substantial quantities, there

are uncertainties related to

environmental releases and subsequent

exposures to aquatic organisms, and

there are insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict ecological effects.

References

(1) Arkles, B. "Silicon Compounds Ethers

and Esters)." In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia

of Chemical Technology. 3rd edition. New

York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. 20:912-921

(198Z).

(2) Baant, V., and Chvalovsk, V. (eds.)

Organosilicon Compounds. 1. Chemistry of

Organosilicon Compounds. Prague:

Publishing House of the Czechoslovak

Academy of Sciences. pp. 40-75 (1965).

(3) Boublik, T, Fried, V, and Hala, E. "The

Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances: Selected

Values of the Temperature Dependence of the

Vapor Pressures of Some Pure Substances in

the Normal and Low Temperature Region."

Volume 17. Amsterdam, Netherlands:

Elsevier Science Publications. pp. 691 (1984).

(4) Dow Corning Corporation. "Acute static

toxicity of Dow Corning Z-46075 silane to

daphnia, bluegill, rainbow trout and two

species of algae." TSCA FYI submission,

FYI-OTS-0286-0469, microfiche number

OTS0000469-0. Washington, DC: OTS, US

EPA (1986).

(5) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1990).

(6) Ohe, S. Computer Aided Dataigook of

Vapor Pressure. Tokyo, Japan: Data Book

Publishing Co. pp. 1291 (1976).

h. Aldehyde hydrates

Summary of recommended studies.

Testing recommendations for the two

aldehyde hydrates listed in the

paragraph following Table 1 are

summarized in Table 1.

Rationale for Recommendation

In the 27th Report, the aldehydes were

recommended for ecological effects

testing. The Committee recognizes that

certain aldehydes (i.e., ethanedial and

trichloroacetaldehyde) react with water

to form hydrates that these aldehydes

are commercially important and that

they should be tested for aquatic

toxicity. For this reason, and for those

enumerated in the recommendation of

aldehydes in the 27th Report, the

Committee is recommending aldehyde

hydrates for ecological effects testing.

I. Chemical Fate Information

The need for chemical fate testing of

aldehyde hydrates was not considered

by the Committee and is not

recommended at this time.

II. Health Effects Information

The need for health effects testing of

aldehyde hydrates was not considered

by the Committee and is not

recommended at this time.

III. Ecological Effects information

The Committee recommends

ecological effects testing because there

are insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict ecological effects.

1. Propylene Glycol Ethers and Esters.

The Committee is recommending

propylene glycol ethers and esters for

developmental and reproductive toxicity

testing, because these chemicals are

being manufactured and used to replace

the ethylene glycol ethers and esters

that do cause adverse reproductive and

developmental effects. The Committee's

recommendation is based on concerns

and uncertainties related to production,

use, persistence, potential exposures

and releases from production,

processing and use, and the potential for

causing adverse health effects.

The Committee recognizes that glycol

ethers are listed on the 1990 Clean Air

Act Amendments: any inhalation testing

recommendations to facilitate EPA's

Reference Concentration (RfC)

Workgroup's ability to establish RfC

values will occur after the Committee

has reviewed the non-public health and

safety studies that will be submitted

under TSCA section 8(d). The

Committee also recognizes that the

potential ability of propylene glycol

ethers and esters to adversely affect

reproductive systems may not be limited

to mammals; any recommendations for

fish partial or complete life cycle tests

also will occur after the Committee has

reviewed the non-public health and

safety studies for the propylene glycol

ethers and esters. The Committee

recognizes that one propylene glycol

ether, propanol,[(1-methyl.1,2-

ethanediyl)bis(oxy)]bis (CAS 24800-44-

0) is among the 53 chemicals in the

Organization for Economic Cooperation

and Development's (OECD) Screening

Information Data Sets (SIDS) phase one

voluntary testing program. Submission

of reliable data or data development

through the voluntary OECD SIDS

program could change the Committee's

testing recommendations for this

propylene glycol ether. The Committee

recognizes that NTP may test 1-

methoxy-2-propanol and 1-(1,1-

dimethylethoxy)-2-propanol (CAS

numbers 107-98-2 and 57018-52-7) and

that oxybispropanol (CAS number

25265-71-8) is being tested in prechronic

toxicity studies' The Committee

continues to work with the NTP to

manage complimentary chemical testing

programs.

412 R Federal Reeister / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

Annual production volumes of the

propylene glycol ethers and esters

exceed 3 billion pounds. OSHA

occupational exposure estimates.

available for 13 propylene glycol ethers

and esters, indicate that 3 million

workers are potentially exposed to

propylene glycol ethers and esters at

more than 160,000 facilities involved in

their production, formulation and use

(Ref. 23, NIOSH, 1990). Uncertainties

associated with occupational exposure

are unclear since there are no publiclyavailable exposure estimates for 25

propylene glycol ethers and esters

recommended for testing. Occupational

exposure standards exist for one of the

propylene glycol ethers and esters.

Propylene glycol ethers and esters are

used as solvents in numerous

applications including solvents for fats,

oils, waxes, acrylics, dyes, inks, and

stains, in antifreeze solutions, coolants

in refrigeration systems, plasticizers,-

hydraulic fluids, cutting oils, industrial

soaps, surfactants, and deicing fluids

used at airports, all of which have the

potential for occupational exposures or

environmental releases. Uncertainties

associated with environmental exposure

exist, none of the propylene glycol

ethers and esters are on the TRI and

there are few quantitative publiclyavailable monitoring data available for

propylene glycol ethers and esters. The

Committee hopes that manufacturers,

processors, and users will respond to

the voluntary solicitation for use,

exposure, -and release data (described in

Chapter 1 of this report) and that

information submitted voluntarily will

clarify uncertainties associated with

use, exposures, and releases. The

Committee recognizes that as a result of

this recommendation, the uncertainties

related to exposure and release of

propylene glycol ethers and esters may

be clarified after the Committee's

review of the data obtained from the

automatic 8(a) and 8[d) rules along with

any other voluntary information

submitted as a result of the request

made in Chapter 1 of this report.

The Commiitee is recommending

propylene glycol ethers and esters for

health effects testing to identify

commercially important propylene

glycol ethers and esters that are likely to

cause adverse health effects. The need

for chemical fate or ecological effects

testing was not considered by and is not

recommended for testing by the

Committee at this time. because

Committee Members want to have an

* opportunity to review all of the nonpublic chemical fate and ecological

effects data as well as the health effects

data submitted under TSCA section 8(d)

and to meet with any interested groups

before determining which propylene

glycol ethers and esters.should be

tested. Submitted information is likely to

be considered by a number of

government agencies including CPSC,

EPA, NIOSH, OSHA, and State and

local governments involved with

assessing the impact of chemical

releases to the environment. The

Committee makes non-CBI Information

available to the OECD and other

international organizations to promote

information exchange and to conserve

chemical testing resources.

Summary of Recommended studies.

Testing recommendations for the 38

propylene glycol ethers and esters listed

in the paragraph following Table 1 are

summarized in Table 1.

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has limited

information on measured physical

chemical properties for the propylene

glycol ethers and esters listed in the

paragraph following Table 1: 7 boiling

points, 1 Henry's Law.constant, 2 log

octanol/water partition coefficients, 4

melting points, 5 vapor pressures, and 3

water solubilities (Ref. 1, Aldrich 1990;

Ref. 2, Brown et al. 1980; Ref. 3, Butz et

al. 1982; Ref. 7, Daubert and Danner

1989; Ref. 8, Dow Chemical Company

1981; Ref. 14, Hansch and Leo 1985; Ref.

24, Sax and Lewis 1987).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/useldisposal/exposure/

release. The Committee believes that

the propylene glycol ethers and esters

listed in the paragraph following Table I

are commercially available, and that

many are produced in substantial

quantities. For example, 1,2-propanediol

and oxybis-propanol have current

annual domestic production capacities

of 935 million pounds and 98 million

pounds, respectively (Ref. 25, SRI 1990).

In 1989, five U.S. facilities produced

805,121,200 pounds of 1,2-propanediol

and six facilities produced 1,868,992

pounds of octadecanoic acid monoester

with 1,2-propanediol (Ref. 27, USITC

1990). In 1977, many of the chemicals

were produced in quantities between

200,000 and 1,180,220,000 lbs per year

(Ref 27, TSCAPP 1991). Ethoxy-l(or 2)-

propanol acetate. 1(or 2)-2-

methoxymethylethoxy propanol acetate,

2-(1-methyl-ethoxy)-1-propanol acetate,

1-ethoxy-2-propanol and-1,2-propanediol

mono isopropyl ether do not appear in

the TSCA inventory; however, the

Committee has reason to believe that

they are commercially produced in

significant quantities (Ref. 4, Chemical

Industry Notes 1991). Actual production

volumes of the remaining propylene

glycol ethers and esters are CBI.

Propylene glycol ethers and esters are

used in a wide variety of industrial

applications. These include their use as

solvents (for fats, oils, waxes, resins,

gums, cellulose acetate, acrylics, dyes,

inks, stains, and in organic synthesis), in

antifreeze solutions, and as reagents in

synthetic processes, antioxidants,

hydroscopic agents, bactericide,

coolants in refrigeration systems,

plasticizers, hydraulic fluids, textiles,

dyes, lubricants, cutting oils, industrial

soaps, surfactants, and deicing fluids

used at airports. They also find use as

solvents for flavoring extracts,

perfumes, colors, and soft-drink syrup 3,

and in foods as wetting agents,

humectants, emulsifiers, feed additives,

anticaking agents, preservatives and

thickeners and they are used in

cleansing creams, sun tan lotions, and

- lipsticks (Ref. 2, Brown et al. 1980; Ref. 3,

Butz et al. 1982; Ref. 5, CMR 1990; Ref. 6,

CMR 1990; Ref. 17, Isacoff 1979; Ref. 16,

Jones 1978; Ref. 20, Kirk and Dempsey

1982; Ref. 22, Luck and Lipinski 1988;

Ref. 24,. Sax and-Lewis 1987; Ref. 29,

Windholz et al. 1983). For several

propylene glycol ethers and esters, no

publicly-available use information was

located (CAS numbers 105-62-4,108-65-

6, 116--37-0, 923-26-2, 20324-32-7, 23436-

19-3, 24800-44-0, 25498-49-1, 25584-83-

2, 27813-02-1, 41395-83-9, 42978-66-5,

52305-09-8, 68171-38-0, 98516-30-4, and

88917-22-0)

B. Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The NOES conducted during

1981-1983 by NIOSH estimates that

1,748,454 workers were potentially

exposed to 1,2-propanediol; 303,895 to 2-

propanol-1-methoxy acetate; 302,945 to

1-methoxy-2-propanol; 218,354 to oxybispropano; 130,409 to 2-(2-

methoxymethylethoxy)methylethoxy

propanol; 74,637 to (1-methyl-1,2-

ethanediyl)bis(oxy) bis-propanol; 73,203

to propanol oxybis-dibenzoate; 61,597 to

2-methyl-2-propenoic acid monoester

with 1,2-propanediol; 13,646 to

octadecanoic acid monoester with 1,2-

propanediol; 8,352 to 1-(2-

methylpropoxy)-2-propanol; 5.575 to 1-

(2-butoxyethoxy)-2-propanol* 5,167 to 1-

(2-methoxy-1.methylethoxy)-2-propanol;

* 4,307 to nonanoic acid 1-methyl-1,2-

ethanediyl ester 3,110 to 1-propoxy-2-

propanol; 2,961 to 1,1'-oxybis-2-

propanol; 883 to (1-methyl-1,2-

ethanediyl)bisoxy(methyl-2,1-

ethanediyl) ester, and 51 to 2-propenoic

acid monoester with 1,2-propanediol

(Ref. 23, NIOSH 1990).

Evidence for exposure of the general

population is.found in a study in which

1-methyl-I 2-ethanediyl bis(oxy)bis41259
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

propanol was qualitatively identified in

one of eight personal air samples taken

in New Jersey and North Carolina, 1980

(Ref. 28, Wallace et al. 1984). 2-(2-

Methoxymethylethoxy)- methylethoxy

propanol, oxybis-propanol, 1-methyl-1,2-

ethanediyl bis(oxy)bis-propanol, 1-(2-

methoxy-l-methylethoxy)-2-propanol 1-

propoxy-2-propanol, 1.1'-oxybis-2-

propanol and 1-methoxy-2-propanol

have been qualitatively detected in U.S.

drinking water supplies (Ref. 21, Lucas

1984).

C. Environmental exposure. 1,1'-

Oxybis-2-propanol was qualitatively

identified in groundwater samples

obtained near a municipal solid waste

landfill 1972-73 (Ref. 10, Dunlap et al.

1976; Ref. 111 Dunlap et al. 1976).

1. Chemical Fate Information

The need for chemical fate testing was

not considered by the Committee and is

not recommended at this time.

II. Health Effects InformatioD

Inhalation teratology studies with rats

and rabbits exposed to maximum

concentrations of 3000 ppm 1-methoxy2-propanol caused fetotoxicity in highdose rats (increased incidence of

delayed sternebral ossification), and no

evidence of teratogenicity in either

species (Ref. 9i Dow Chemical Company

1989). An inhalation reproduction study

with rats produced no testicular effects

in males exposed to maximum

concentrations of 600 ppm 1-methoxy-2-

propanol for 10 days and no

reproductive or developmental effects in

pregnant rats exposed to the same

concentrations on gestation days 6

through 17 (Ref. 16, Imperial Chemical

Industries 1989).

Oral exposure of pregnant mice on gestation days 8 through 12 to 10,000

mg/kg/day of 1,2-propanediol caused no

reproductive or developmental effects

(Ref. 19, Kavlock et al. 1987). Exposure

to 1.2-propanediol at levels up to 5

percent in the drinking water produced

no adverse effects on fertility and

reproduction in adult or second

generation male or female CD-1 mice

(Ref. 13, Gulati et al. 1985). In a one dose

(250 mg/kg/day by gavage) rat

teratology screening study of 2-

oropenoic acid-(1-methyl-1,2-

ethanediyl)bisoxy(methyl-2,1-

ethanediyl), no maternal toxicity, or any

effects on reproduction or development

were reported (Ref. 15, Hazleton -

Laboratories 1987). Dermal application

of up to 100 mg/kg/day of 1-butoxy-2-

propanol to pregnant rabbits on

gestation days 7 through 18 produced no

maternal effects,. embryo- or fetotoxicity

(Ref. 12, Gibson et al. 1909).

No relevant data have been located

for the following propylene glycol ethers

and esters: 1-methyl-1,2-ethanediyl

bis(oxy)bis-propanol; oxybis-propanol; 2-(2-

methoxymethylethoxy)methylethoxy

propanol; 2-propenoic acid monoester

with 1,2-propanediol; propanol oxybisdibenzoate; dodecanoic acid monoester

with 1,2-propanediol; 2-methyl-2-

propenoic acid monoester with 1,2-

propanediol; methoxy-1-propanol; 1,2-

propanediol mono isopropyl ether; 1-(2-

butoxy-l-methylethoxy)-2-propanol; 1-

ethoxy-2-propanol;

tetrapropenylbutanedioic acid

monoester with 1;2-propanediol; 1-(1-

methyl- ethoxy)-2-propanol acetate; 1-

(1,1-dimethylethoxy)-2-propanol;

propanol, 1(or 2)-2-methoxymethylethoxy acetate and ethoxy-l(or 2)-

propanol acetate.

Propylene glycol ethers and esters are

recommended for health effects testing

because they are produced in

substantial quantities, there are

uncertainties related to environmental

releases and subsequent exposures to

humans, there are data indicating some

glycol ethers and esters produce

reproductive and developmental effects

and there are insufficient data to

reasonably determine or predict the

health effects of the propylene glycol

ethers and esters. The Committee

recommends developmental toxicity and

reproductive effects testing of propylene

glycol ethers and esters for which there

are no adequate data; these are listed in

the paragraph following Table 1. In

addition, both developmental toxicity

and reproductive effects testing is

recommended for 2-propenoic acid-(1-

methyl-1,2-ethanediyl)bisoxy(methyl-2,1-

ethanediyl) and 1-butoxy-2-propanol

because existing data are inadequate.

The Committee recognizes there are

adequate existing developmental

toxicity data for 1-methoxy-2-propanol,

but recommends reproductive effects

testing. The Committee recognizes there

are adequate existing developmental

toxicity and reproductive effects data on

mice for 1,2-propanediol, but

recommends developmental testing in a

second mammalian species.

III. Ecological Effects Information

The need for ecological effects testing

was not considered by the Committee

and is not recommended at this time,

References

(1) Aldrich. Catalog Handbook of Fine

;Chemicals. Milwaukee, WI: Aldrich Chemical

Company. pp. 1108, 1314 (1990).

(2) Brown, E.S., Hauser, C.F.. Ream, B.C..

and Berthold, R.V. "Glycols (Ethylene and

Propylene" In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of

Chemical Technology. 3rd Edition. New York.

NY: John Wiley & Sons. 11: 933-956 1980).

(3) Butz R.G., Atallah, Y.H., Yu, C.C., and

Calo,, C.J. "Environmental Safety Assessment

of Dipropylene Glycol Dibenzoate."

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 1:

337-346 (1982).

(4) Chemical Industry Notes. Online

database. Online 3/13/91 (1991).

(5) CMR. "Dipropylene Glycol Chemical

Profile." Chemical Marketing Reporter.

January 15 (1990).

(6) CMR. "Propylene Glycol Chemical

Profile." Chemical Marketing Reporter.

January 1 (1990).

(7) Daubert, T.E., and Danner, R.P. Data

Compilation Tables of Properties of Pure

Compounds. New York, NY: American

Institute of Chemical Engineers (1989).

(8) Dow Chemical Company. The Glycol

Ethers Handbook. Midland, MI: Dow

Chemical Company (1981).

(9) Dow Chemical Company. "Propylene

glycol monomethyl ether: Inhalation

teratology study in rats and rabbits." TSCA

8d submission 88-890000698, microfiche

number OTS0521204. Washington, DC: OTS,

US EPA (1989).

(10) Dunlap, W.J., Shew, D.C., Scalf, M.R.,

Cosby, R.L., and Robertson, J.M. "Isolation

and Identification of Organic Contaminants

in Ground Water." In: Identification and

Analysis of Organic Pollutants in Water.

Chapter 27. pp. 453-77 (1976).

(11) Dunlap W.J., Shew, D.C., Robertson,

J.M., and Toussaint, C.R. "Organic Pollutants

Contributed to Groundwater by a Landfill."

EPA/600/9-76/004. Washington, DC: US EPA.

pp. 96-110 (1976).

(12) Gibson, W.B., Nolen, G.A., and

Christian, M.S. "Determination of the

developmental toxicity potential of

butoxypropanol in rabbits after topical

administration." Fundamental and Applied

Toxicology. 13(2): 359-365 (1989).

(13) Gulati, D.K., Barnes, L.H., and Welch,

M. "Propylene glycol: Reproduction and

fertility assessment in CD-i mice when

administered in drinking water (Revised

September 1985)." Prepared by

Environmental Health Research and Testing,

Inc. NTP Technical Report #85-321:316

(1985).

(14) Hansch, C., and Leo, A.J. Medchem

Project. Issue 26. Claremont, CA: Pomona

College (1985).

(15) Hazleton Laboratories. "Teratology

screen in rats using C-180, C-181, C-192, C236, C-252. C-255, C-256, C-257. C-258, and

C-259 (revised final report)." TSCA FYI

submission FYI-OTS-1187-0544, microfiche

number OTS0000544. Washington, DC: OTS,

US EPA(1987).

(16) Imperial Chemical Industries.

"Ethylene glycol methyl ether, propylene

glycol methyl ether Comparative

reproductive toxicity study in rats." TSCA 8d

submission 86-890000953, microfiche number

OTS0520391. Washington, DC: OTS, US EPA

(1989).

(17) Isacoff H. "Cosmetics" In: Kirk-Othmer

Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 3rd

Edition. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons. 7:

143-176 (1979).

41260
Federal Register I Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

(18) Jones, M.B. "Carbonated Beverages"

In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical

Technology. 3rd edition. New York, NY: John

Wiley & Sons. 4: 710-725 (1978).

(19) Kavlock, R.J., Short, R.D.Jr., and

Chernoff, N. "Further evaluation of an in vivo

teratology screen." Teratogenesis

Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis . 7. 7-16

(1987).

(20) Kirk R.O., and Dempsey, T.J.

"Propylene Oxide" In: Kirk-Othmer

Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. 3rd

edition. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.

19: 246-274 (1982).

(21) Lucas, S.V. "GC/MS analysis of

organics in drinking water concentrates and

advanced waste treatment concentrates."

EPA-600/1-84-020A. Columbus, OH: Health

Effects Research Lab. 1: 133-162 (1984).

(22) Luck K, and Lipinski. R. "Food

Additives" In: Ullmann's Encyclopedia of

Industrial Chemistry. 5th edition. Gerhartz,

W., and Yamamoto, Y.S., Eds. Deerfield

Beach, FL: VCH Publishers. All: 561-581

(1988).

(23) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1990).

(24) Sax, N.I.. and Lewis, R.J. Hawley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th

edition. New York, NY: Van Nostrand

Reinhold Company. pp. 430, 431, 755, 973, 974

(1987).

(25) SRI (SRI International). Directory of

Chemical Producers, Menlo Park, CA: SRI

International p 588 and 935 (1990).

(26) TSCAPP. Computer print-out of nonconfidential production data from TSCA

inventory. Washington, DC: OTS, CID, US

EPA. Online 3/11/91 (1991).

(27) USITC. Synthetic Organic Chemicals.

United States Production and Sales, 1989.

Washington, DC: United States International

Trade Commission. USITC Publication 2338.

pp. 12-7, 12-30, 15-6, 15-26 (1990).

(28) Wallace, L.A., Pellizzari, E., Hartwell,

T., Rosenzweig, M., Er C., and Zelom, H.

"Personal Exposure to Volatile Organic

Compounds." Environmental Research. 35:

293-319 (1984).

(29) Windholz, M., Budavari, S., Blumetti,

R.F., and Otterbein, E.S. The Merck Index.

10th edition. Rahway, NJ: Merck & Co., Inc.

pp. 301 (1983).

J. Methyl ethylene glycol ethers

The Committee is recommending

methyl ethylene glycol ethers for

developmental and reproductive toxicity

testing. The Committee's

recommendation is based on concerns

and uncertainties related to production,

use, persistence, potential exposures

and releases from production,

processing and use, and the potential for

causing adverse health effects. The

Committee is not recommending

triethylene glycol monomethyl ether in

its list of methyl ethylene glycol ethers,

because it was designated for health

cffects testing on May 2, 1985 as one of

three triethylene glycol ethers and EPA

published a consent order for health

effects testing on April 3, 1989.

The Committee recognizes that glycol

ethers are listed on the 1990 Clean Air

Act Amendments; any recommendations

of comparative oral and inhalation

pharmacokinetics, subchronic inhalation

testing, etc. to facilitate EPA's Reference

Concentration RfC) Workgroup's ability

to establish RfC values will occur after

the Committee has reviewed the nonpublic health and safety studies that will

be submitted under TSCA section 8(d).

The Committee also recognizes that the

potential ability of methyl ethylene

glycol ethers to adversely affect

reproductive systems may not be limited

to mammals; any recommendations for

fish partial or complete life cycle tests

also will occur after the Committee has

reviewed the non-public health and

safety studies for the methyl ethylene

glycol ethers.

Annual production volumes of the

methyl ethylene glycol ethers exceed 2

billion pounds. Occupational exposure

estimates, available for 2 methyl

ethylene glycol ethers, indicate that over

4,500 workers are potentially exposed to

methyl ethylene glycol ethers at more

than 20 facilities involved in their

production, formulation and use (Ref. 21,

NIOSH, 1989). Uncertainties associated

with occupational exposure are unclear

since there are no publicly-available

exposure estimates for 9 methyl

ethylene glycol ethers recommended for

testing. No OSHA occupational

exposure standards exist for methyl

ethylene glycol ethers. Methyl ethylene

glycol ethers are used as solvents in

numerous applications including paints

and inks and in hydraulic fluids, all of

which have the potential for

occupational exposures or

environmental releases. Uncertainties

associated with environmental exposure

are unclear since none of the methyl

ethylene glycol ethers are on the TRI

and there are few quantitative publiclyavailable monitoring data for methyl

ethylene glycol ethers. The Committee

hopes that manufacturers, processors,

and users will respond to the voluntary

solicitation for use, exposure, and

release data (described in Chapter I of

this report) and that information

submitted voluntarily will clarify

uncertainties associated with use,

exposures, and releases. The Committee

recognizes that as a result of this

recommendation, the uncertainties

related to exposure and release of

methyl ethylene glycol ethers may be

clarified after the Committee's review of

the data obtained from the automatic

8(a) and 8(d) rules along with any other

voluntary information submitted as a

result of the request made in Chapter 1

of this report.

The Committee is recommending

methyl ethylene glycol ethers for health

effects testing to identify commercially

important methyl ethylene glycol ethers

that are likely to cause adverse health

effects. The need for chemical fate or

ecological effects testing was not

considered by and is not recommended

for testing by the Committee at this time,

because they want to have an

opportunity to review all of the nonpublic chemical fate and ecological

effects data as well as the health effects

data submitted under TSCA section 8(d)

and to meet with any interested groups

before determining which methyl

ethylene glycol ethers should be tested.

Submitted information is likely to be

considered by a number of government

agencies including CPSC, EPA, NIOSH,

OSHA and State and local governments

involved with assessing the impact of

chemical releases to the environment.

The Committee makes non-CBI

information available to the OECD and

other international organizations to

promote information exchange and to

conserve chemical testing resources.

Summary of recommended studies.

Testing recommendations for the 10

methyl ethylene glycol ethers listed in

the paragraph following Table I are

summarized in Table 1.

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has very limited

information on measured physical

chemical properties for the methyl

ethylene glycol ethers listed in the

paragraph following Table 1: 2 melting

points, 2 boiling points, and I water

solubility value (Ref. 1, Brown et al.

1980; Ref. 24, Windholz et al. 1983).

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee believes that

the methyl ethylene glycol ethers listed

in the paragraph following Table I are

commercially-available, and that many

are produced in substantial quantities.

Actual production volumes are CBI.

Methyl ethylene glycol ethers are used

mainly as solvents. Large volumes of

these compounds may be used

industrially as solvents for resins in

surface coatings, inks, and adhesives; as

ingredients in hydraulic brake fluids; as

dye solvents in textile and leather

applications; as coupling solvents in a

variety of chemical specialties, as

intermediates in the production of

plasticizers and other solvents; and as a

copolymer in the rubber industry (Ref. 6,

Chemcyclopedia 1986; Ref. 7, Dow

I I

41261
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

Chemical Company 1981; Ref. 23, Vail

1979). For several methyl ethylene

glycols ethers, no publicly-available use

information was located (CAS No. 1067-

53-4. 1616-8&-2, 10143-22-3, 23783- 42-8,

35633-50-2, 54303-31-0, 65059-45-2 and

68957-67-5).

B. Evidence for exposure-Human

exposure. The NOES conducted during

1981-1983 by NIOSH estimates that

1,220 workers were exposed to ethylene

glycol monomethyl ether acrylate; and

3,361 to 6-ethenyl-6-(2-methoxyethoxy)-

2,5,7,10-tetraoxa-6-silaundecane (Ref. 21,

NIOSH 1989).

C. Environmental exposure. In a study

of the waste disposal site "Valley of the

Drums" in Louisville, KY, tetraethylene

glycol dimethyl ether was detected in

surface run-off and in the settling basin

at concentrations of 27 and 3.7 ppm,

respectively (Ref. 22, Stonebraker and

Smith 1980).

I. Chemical Fate Information

The need for chemical fate testing was

not considered by the Committee and is

not recommended at this time.

I. Health Effects Information

The Committee is aware that there are

extensive data demonstrating that

ethylene glycol monomethyl ether is

both a developmental and testicular

toxicant in laboratory animals (Ref. 12,

Hardin 1989). The ultimate toxic agent is

methoxyacetic acid (Ref. 1, Brown et al.

1980; Ref. 2, Brown et al. 1984; Ref. 11,

Foster et al. 1983; Ref. 16, Miller et al.

1982; Ref. 17, Miller et al. 1983) which is

produced when ethylene glycol

monomethyl ether is metabolically

oxidized to methoxyacetaldehyde by

alcohol dehydrogenase and

subsequently to the acid by aldehyde

dehydrogenase (Ref. 16, Miller et al.

1982; Re 17, Miller et aL 1983). The

Committee believes that the methyl

ethylene glycol ethers listed in the

paragraph following Table I may be

metabolically cleaved to ethylene glycol

monomethyl ether, which will then be

oxidized to methoxyacetic acid.

The antifertility action of ethylene

glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) is well

locumented in studies with mice and

rats. Oral administration of 250 mg/kg/

day, 5 days/week, for 5 weeks produced

testicular atrophy in mice (Ref. 18,

Nagano et aL 1"79), as did inhalation

exposure of rats to 300 ppm for 8 hours/

day, 5 days/week, for 2 weeks (Ref. 13,

Lee et aL 1989) and similar exposures of

rats and mice to 1000 ppm EGME, 6

hours/day for 9 days over an 11-day

period (Ref. 1,5 Miller et al. 1981).

Several additionalmethyl ethylene

glycol ethers are known to adversely

affect reproduction (via testicular

function). Testicular atrophy was

observed in: 1) mice orally administered

500 mg/kg/day ethylene glycol

monomethyl ether acetate (EGMEA), 5

days/week, for 5 weeks (Ref. 1& Nagano

et al. 1979), 2) mice similarly

administered 62.5 mg/kg EGMEA (Ref.

19. Nagano et al. 1984), 3) mice orally

administered 250 mg/kg/day ethylene

glycol dimethyl ether (EGDME), 5 days/

week for 5 weeks (Ref. 19, Nagano et al.

1984), 4) rats orally administered 684

mg/kg/day diethylene glycol dimethyl

ether (DGDME) for 18 days (Ref. 5,

Cheever et al. 1989), 5) rats orally

administered 1/2 of the LD50 (value not

reported) of diethylene glycol

monomethyl ether (DEGME), 5 days/

week, for 6 weeks (Ref. 9, Eastman

Kodak Company 1981), 6) rats

administered single oral doses of 1500

mg/kg/day 1,2-benzene dicarboxcylic

acid, bis (2-methoxy ethyl) ester (DMEP)

(Ref. 4, Cassidy et al. 1983), and 7) rats

exposed by inhalation to 110 ppm

DGDME for 6 hours/day, 5 days/week,

for 2 weeks [Ref. 13, Lee et al. 1989).

Increased frequencies of abnormally

formed sperm were seen in mice

following vapor exposure to 500 ppm

EGME, 7 hours/day, for 5 days (Ref. 14,

McGregor 1981) and in rats following

single oral doses of 1500 mg/kg/day

DMEP (Ref. 4, Cassidy et aL 1983).

Studies of several methyl ethylene

glycol ethers demonstrated

developmental toxicity in mice, rats and

rabbits. Oral administration of 125 mg/

kg/day EGME to pregnant mice on

gestation days 7 through 14 caused

decreased fetal body weight, and 250

mg/kg/day decreased the number of live

fetuses/litter. dose-related increased

incidence of gross and skeletal

anomalies were noted at 31.25 mg/kg/

day and higher. Oral administration of

350 mg/kg/day EGDME to mice on

gestation days 7 to 10 increased gross

and skeletal malformations (Ref. 19,

Nagano et aL 1984). Inhalation exposure

of pregnant rats to 50 ppm EGME or 200

ppm EGMEA for 7 hours/day on

gestation days 7 through 15 caused

reduced fetal weights, and skeletal and

cardiovascular defects (Ref. 20, Nelson

et al. 1984). Inhalation exposure of rat

dams to 25 to 400 ppm DGDME for 6

hours/day, on gestation days 7 through

16, led to dose-related decreased fetal

body weight and increased skeletal

abnormalities (Ref. 10, E.I. Dupont de

Nemours & Company 1988). Dermal

application of 50 to 750 mg/kg/day

DEGME to pregnant New Zealand white

rabbits on gestation days 6 through 18

produced dose-related skeletal defects,

and increased embryonic resorptions in

the 750 mg/kg/day group (Ref. 8, Dow

Chemical Company 1989). Single

intraperitoneal injections of 2.49 mllkg

bw of DMEP into pregnant rats resulted

in fetal deaths when injected on

gestation days 8 or 10; when injected on

gestation days 12 or 14, most fetuses

remained viable but showed increased

incidence of abnormalities in the kidney

and bladder (Ref. 3, Campbell et al.

1984).

Methyl ethylene glycol ethers are

recommended for health effects tests

because they are produced in

substantial quantities, there are

uncertainties related to environmental

releases and subsequent exposures to

humans, there are data indicating some

methyl ethylene glycol ethers produce

reproductive and developmental effects,

and there are insufficient data to

reasonably determine or predict the

health effects of the other methyl

ethylene glycol ethers. Developmental

toxicity and reproductive effects tests

are recommended only for the methyl

ethylene glycol ethers that do not have

adequate test data; these are listed in

the paragraph following Table 1.

I. Ecological Effects Information

The need for ecological effects testing

was not considered by the Committee

and is not recommended at this time.

References

(1) Brown, E.S.. Hauser. C.F. Ream B.C.

and Berthhold. RV. "'Glycols (Ethylene and

Propylene)." In: Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of

Chemical Technology. 3rd edition. New York,

NY: John Wiley & Sons. 11:933-956 (1980.

(2) Brown, NA, Holt, D., and Webb, 14

"The teratogenicity of methoxyacetic acid in

the rat." Toxicology Letters. 22 93-100 (1984).

(3) Campbell, I., Holt, D. and Webb, M.

"Dimethoxyethylphthalate metabolism:

Teratogenlcity of the diester and its

metabolites in the pregnant rat." Journal of

Applied Toxicology. 4(1): 35-41 (1984).

(4) Cassidy, S.L, Dix, K.M., and Jenkins, T.

"Evaluation of a testicular sperm head

counting technique using rats exposed to

dimethoxyethyl phthalate (DMEP), glycerol

alpha-mono-chlorohydrin (GMCH),

epichlorohydrin (ECH), formaldehyde (FA), or methyl methanesutphonate (MMS)."

Archives of Toxicology. 53(1): 71-78 (1983).

i5 Cheever, K.L., Weigel, W.W.. Richards.

D.E, LaL J.B., and Plotnick, H.B. "Testicular

effects of bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether in the

adult male rat." Toxicology and Industrial

Health. S[6( 1099-110 (1989).

(8) Chemcyclopedia. The Manual of

Commercially A vailable Chemicals. Volume

5. Kuney, fi, ed. Washington, DC: American

Chemical Society. pp. 114 (198).

(7) Dow Chemical Company. The Glycol

Ethers Handbook. Midland, M- Dow

Chemical Company 11981). - I

18) Dow Chemical Company. "Diethylene

glycol monomethyl ether (DEGME): Dermal

teratology study in rabbits (final report)."

TSCA 8d submission W-690098,

41262
Federal Register / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

microfiche number OTS0520396. Washington.

DC: OTS, U.S. EPA (1989).

(9) Eastman Kodak Company. "Toxicity

and health hazard summary, MSDS, acute

oral LD50 and 6-week repeated dose study of

diethylene glycol monomethyl ether." TSCA

8d submission 86-890000210, microfiche

number OTS0510747. Washington, DC: OTS,

U.S. EPA (1981).

(10) E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Company.

"Teratogenicity study of diglyme in the rat."

TSCA FYI submission Washington, DC: OTS,

U.S. EPA (1988).

(11) Foster, P.M.D., Creasy, D.M., Foster,

l.R.. Thomas, LV., Cook. M.W., and Gangolli,

S.D. "Testicular toxicity of ethylene glycol

monomethyl and monoethyl ether in rats."

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 69:

385-399 (1983).

(12) Hardin, D.B. "Glycol ether hazards to

reproductive health: An update." In: Hazard

Assessment and Control Technology in

Semiconductor Manufacturing. Chelsea, MI:

Lewis Publishers. pp. 91-03. C1989).

(13) Lee, K.P., Kinney, L.A., and Valentine,

R. "Comparative testicular toxicity of bis(2-

methoxyethyl) ether and 2-methoxyethanol in

rats." Toxicology. 59(3): 239-258 (1989).

(14) McGregor, D.B. "Tier I mutagenic

screening of 13 NIOSH priority compounds,

individual compounds report on 2-

methoxyethanol." Final report for NIOSH.

Contract No. 210-78-0026. Musselburgh,

Scotland: Inveresk Research Internation.

NTIS PB-83-113-407/A11 (1981).

(15) Miller, R.R., Ayres, J.A., Calhoun, L.L.,

Young, J.T., and McKenna. M.J. "Comparative

short-term inhalation toxicity of ethylene

glycol monomethyl ether and propylene

glycol monomethyl ether in rats and mice."

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 61:

30W377 (1981).

(16) Miller. R.R., Carreon, R.E., Young, J.T.,

and McKenna, M.). "Toxicity of

methoxyacetic acid in rats." Fundamental

and Applied Toxicology. 2:158-160 (1982).

(17) Miller, R.R., Hermann, E.A., Langvardt,

P.W. McKenna. M.J., and Schwetz, B.A.

"Comparative metabolism and disposition of

ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and

propylene glycol monomethyl ether in male

rats." Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.

87:229-237 (1983).

(18) Nagano, K., Nakayama, E.. Koyano, M.,

Oobayashi, H.. Adachi, H., and Yamada, T.

"Testicular atrophy of mice induced by

ethylene glycol monoalkyl ethers." Sangyo

Igaku. 21(1): 29-35 (1979).

(19) Nagano, K., Nakayama. E., Oobayashi,

H., Nishizawa, T., Okuda, H., and Yamazaki,

K. "Experimental studies on toxicity of

ethylene glycol alkyl ethers in Japan."

Environmental Health Perspectives. 57: 75-84

(194).

(20) Nelson, B.K., Setzer. J.V.. Brightwell,

W.S., Mathinos, P.R.. Kuczuk, M.H.. Weaver,

T.E., and Goad. P.T. "Comparative inhalation

teratogenicity of four glycol ether solvents

and an amino derivative in rats."

Environmental Health Perspectives. 57: 261-

271 (1984).

(21) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(22) Stonebraker. R.D.. and Smith Jr.. A.J.

"Contaminant and treatment of a mixed

chemical discharge from the 'Valley of the

Drums' near Louisville, Kentucky."

Controlling Hazardous Materials in Spills,

Proceedings of National Conference.

Nashville. TN. pp. 1-10 (1980).

(23) Vail, T.M. "Elastomers, Synthetic

(Acrylic)" In: Kirk-Othmer's Encyclopedia of

Chemical Technology. 3rd edition. New York,

NY: John Wiley & Sons. 8: 459-469 (1979).

(24) Windholz, M. Budavari, S., Blumetti,

R.F., and Otterbein, E.S. The Merck Index.

10th edition. Rahway, NJ: Merck & Co., Inc.

pp. 459, 470, 86. 1317 (1983).

k. Isothiocyanates

In the 26th ITC Report, isocyanates

were recommended for testing because

there were insufficient data to

reasonably determine or predict

physical and chemical properties and

persistence (55 FR 23050, June 5, 1990).

Isothiocyanates are structurally and

chemically related to isocyanates and

there are no readily-available data on

persistence.

The Committee's recommendation is

based on a number of concerns and

uncertainties related to potential

exposures and releases from production,

processing and use. For these reasons,

and for those enumerated for

isocyanates in the 26th Report, the

Committee is recommending persistence

testing for isothiocyanates. The need for

health and ecological effects testing of

the isothiocyanates was not considered

by the Committee and is not

recommended at this time, because they

want to have an opportunity to review

all of the non-public health and

ecological effects data submitted under

TSCA section 8d) and to meet with any

interested groups before determining

which isothiocyanates should be tested.

Summary of Recommended Studies.

Testing recommendations for the two

isothiocyanates listed in the paragraph

following Table 1 are summarized in

Table 1.

Physical and Chemical Information

A search for measured physical and

chemical property data for the

isothiocyanates revealed the following

information:

Allyl isothiocyanate, also known as

allyl isosulfocyanate and mustard oil, is

a colorless or pale yellow, very pungent

liquid with an irritating odor and an

acrid taste (Ref. 6, Windholz et al. 1983).

It has a melting point of -80" C (Ref. 3,

Dean 1985), a boiling point of 152" C

(Ref. 4, Sax and Lewis 1987), a vapor

pressure of 3.70 mm Hg at 20" C (Ref. 2,

Boublik et al. 1984) and a water

solubility of 2000 mg/L at 20" C (Ref. 7,

Yalkowsky 1989).

Phenyl isothiocyanate, also known as

thiocarbanil and phenyl mustard oil, is a

pale yellow or colorless liquid with a

penetrating and irritating odor (Ref. 6.

Windholz et al. 1983). It has a melting

point of -21" C (Ref. 6, Windholz et al.

1983), a boiling point of 221' C (Ref. 6,

Windholz et al. 1983), a vapor pressure

of 1.5 mm ig at 25" C (Ref. 2, Boublik et

al. 1984) and a water solubility of 89.9

mg/L at 20" C (Ref. 7, Yalkowsky 1989].

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/'exposure/

release. The Committee believes that

the isothiocyanates listed in the

paragraph following Table 1 are

commercially available, and that they

are produced in substantial quantities;

actual volumes are CBI.

Allyl isothiocyanate occurs naturally

in mustard oil and horseradish (Ref. 1,

Bauer et al. 1988; Ref 5, Shipe and

Olentine 1988). Due to its unique odor

and taste, allyl isothiocyanate is

prepared synthetically in large

quantities as a flavor and fragrance

(Ref. 1, Bauer et al. 1988). It is also used

in ointments and mustard plasters (Ref.

4, Sax and Lewis 1987). Phenyl

isothiocyanate is used in medicine and

in organic synthesis (Ref. 4, Sax and

Lewis 1987).

I. Chemical Fate Information

The Committee has no experimental

data on the chemical fate of

isothiocyanates. The Committee

believes that hydrolysis may be the

most important process influencing the

fate of isothiocyanates and is

recommending persistence testing

because there are insufficient data to

reasonably determine or predict the

chemical fate of isothiocyanates.

I1. Health Effects Information

The need for health effects testing

was not considered by the Committee

and is not recommended at this time.

III. Ecological Effects Information

The need for ecological effects testing

was not considered by the Committee

and is not recommended at this time.

References

(1) Bauer, K.. Garbe, D., and Sturburg, H.

"Flavors and Fragrances" In: Ullmann's

Encyclopedia of Industrial Cheniistry. 5th

edition. Gerhartz, W., and Yamamoto, Y.S..

eds. Deerfield Beach, FL: VCH Publishers.

All: 141-250 11989).

(2) Boublik. T., Fried, V., and Hala, E. "The

Vapor Pressure of Pure Substances: Selected

Values of the Temperature Dependence of the

Vapor Pressures of Some Pure Substances in

the Normal and Low Temperature Region."

Volume 17. Amsterdam, Netherlands:

Elsevier Science Publications. pp. 119, 232 &

538 (1984).

41263
412614 Federal Register I Vol. 56. No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices

(3) Dean. JA Lange's Handbook of

Chemistry. 13th edition. New York, NY:

McGraw-Hill Book Co. pp. 7-94 (1985).

(4) Sax, N.I., and Lewis. R.J. Hawley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. lith

edition. New York, NY: Van Nostrand

Reinhold Company. pp. 40, 538 (1987).

(5) Shipe, W.F., and Olentine, C.G. "Food.

1. Survey. in: Ullmann's Encyclopedia of

Industrial Chemistry. 5th Edition. Gerhartz,

W., and Yamamoto, Y.S., eds. Deerfield

Beach, FL: VCH Publishers. All: 491-521

(1988).

(6) Windholz, M., Budavari, S., Blumetti,

R.F., and Otterbein, E.S. The Merck Index.

10th edition. Rahway, NJ: Merck & Co., Inc.

pp. 289, 1052 (1983).

(7) Yalkowsky. S.H. Arizona Database of

Aqueous Solubility. Tucson, AZ: College of

Pharmacy, University of Arizona (1989).

1. Cyanoacrylates

The Committee is recommending

cyanoacrylates for physical and

chemical property testing. The

Committee's recommendation is based

on concerns and uncertainties related to

production and use, potential exposures

and releases from production,

processing and use.

Annual production volumes of the

cyanoacrylates exceed 1 million pounds.

Occupational exposure estimates.

available for one cyanoacrylate,

indicate that over 51.000 workers are

potentially exposed at over 1400

facilities involved in its production,

formulation, and use (Ref. 1, NIOSH,

1989). Uncertainties associated with

occupational exposures are unclear

since there are no publicly-available

exposure estimates for 10 of the

cyanoacrylates recommended for

testing. OSHA occupational exposure

standards exist for one cyanoacrylate.

The cyanoacrylates are used for fast

bonding in numerous applications. all of

which have the potential for

occupational exposures or

environmental releases. Uncertainties

associated with environmental releases

are unclear since none of the

cyanoacrylates are on the TRI and there

are no publicly-available effluent

monitoring data for any of the

cyanoacrylates. The Committee hopes

that manufactures, processors, and users

will respond to the voluntary solicitation

for use, exposure, and release data

(described in Chapter I of this Report)

and that information submitted

voluntarily will clarify uncertainties

associated with use, exposures, and

releases. The Committee recognizes that

as a result of this recommendation, the

uncertainties related to exposure and

release of cyanoacrylates may be

clarified after the Committee's review of

the data obtained from the automatic

8(a) and 8[d) rules along with any other

voluntary information submitted as a

result of the request made in Chapter.1

of this report.

The Committee is recommending

cyanoacrylates for physical and

chemical property testing to identify

commercially important cyanoacrylates

that need a minimum amount of physical

and chemical property data. The

Committee has not considered health or

ecological effects of cyanoacrylates at

this time, because they want to have an

opportunity to review all of the nonpublic health and ecological effects data

as weU as chemical fate data, submitted

under TSCA section 8[d) and to meet

with any interested groups before

determining which cyanoacrylates

should be tested. Submitted information

is likely to be considered by a number of

government agencies including EPA,

CPSC, NCI, NIOSH, OSHA, and State

and local governments involved with

assessing the impact of chemical

releases to the environment. The

Committee makes non-CBI information

available to the OECD and other

international organizations to promote

information exchange and to conserve

chemical testing resources.

Summary of recommended studies.

Testing recommendations for the 11

cyanoacrylates listed in the paragraph

following Table 1 are summarized in

Table 1.

Physical and Chemical Information

The Committee has very limited

information on measured physical and

chemical properties for the

cyanoacrylates listed in the paragraph

following Table 1: 7 boiling points, and 4

- vapor pressures (Ref. 2, Ohara et al.

1985; Ref. 4, Sax and Lewis 1987)

Rationale for Recommendation

A. Exposure InformationProduction/use/disposal/exposure/

release. The Committee believes that

the cyanoacrylates listed in the

paragraph following Table I are

commercially available, and that many

are produced in substantial quantities.

Actual production volumes are C31.

Cyanoacrylates are used for fast

bonding applications, in dentistry,

textile finishes and sizes, copolymers for

viscosity index improvers, mounting

jewelry, and in tissue adhesives in

surgery (Ref. 2, Ohara et al. 1985; Ref. 4,

Sax and Lewis 1987, Ref. 6, Windholz et

al. 1983).

I. Chemical Fate Information

Except for those listed above, the

Committee has no information on

measured physical and chemical

properties for the cyanoacrylates listed

in the paragraph following Table 1.

Cyanoacrylates are recommended for

physfcal and chemical property tests

because they are produced in

substantial quantities, there are

uncertainties related to occupational

and consumer exposures or

environmental release, and there are

insufficient data to reasonably

determine or predict physical and

chemical properties.

11. Health Effects Information

Except for a search of readily

available literature, the need for health

effects.testing was not considered by

the Committee and is not recommended

at this time. The search revealed that

five cyanoacrylates are mutagenic to

bacteria; rats exposed by implantation

to one cyanoacrylate developed

sarcomas, and rats exposed to a

cyanoacrylate had a 1-hour inhalation

LCo of <4129 ppm (Ref. 3, RTECS 1991;

Ref. 5, Toxline 1991).

I1. Ecological Effects Information

The need for ecological effects testing

was not considered by the Committee

and is not recommended at this time.

References

(1) NIOSH (National Institute for

Occupational Safety and Health). National

Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES)

(1989).

(2) Ohara, T., Sato, T., Shimizu, N..

Preacher, G., Schwind, H.. Weiberg, 0..

Martin, K. "Acrylic acid and derivatives" In:

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial

Chemistry. 5th Edition. Gerhartz, W., and

Yamamoto, Y.S.. Eds. Deerfield Beach, FL

VCH Publishers. Al: 161-176. (1985).

(3) RTECS (Registry of Toxic Effects of

Toxic Substances. On-line data base. (1991).

(4) Sax, N.l.. and Lewis, R.J. Hawley's

Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th

edition. New York, NY: Van Nostrand

Reinhold Company. pp. 40. 864, 903, 905. 907

(1987).

(5) Toxiine. On-line data base. (1991).

(6) Windholz. M., Budavari, S.. Blumetti.

R.F.. and Otterbein, E.S. The Merck Index.

10th edition. Rahway, NJ: Merck & Co., Inc.

pp. 201, 824 (1983).

[FR Doc. 91-19784 Filed 8-16-91: 8:45 am]

81LUNG CODE 566-5"

412.64 Federal Re ster / Vol. 56, No. 160 / Monday, August 19, 1991 / Notices