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				<p style="text-align:center; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">United States of America</span></p>
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				<p style="text-align:center; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION<span>
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							<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">SECRETARY OF LABOR</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
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								</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainan</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">t,</span></p>
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							<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> v. </span></p>
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							<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">PREMIER ROOFING LLC, d/b/a PREMIER ROOFING CO.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span></p>
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								</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent.</span></p>
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				<p style="text-align:center; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">OSHRC Docket No</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">19-1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">689</span></p>
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				<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Appearances:</span></p>
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				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Timothy S. Williams, Esq., Department of Labor, Office of the Solicitor, Denver, Colorado</span></p>
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				<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">For Complainant</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-left:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Barry A. Cole, Non-Attorney Representative, Cole Preferred Safety Consulting, Inc.</span></p>
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				<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">F</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">or Respondent</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span></p>
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				<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Be</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">fore: </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Judge<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Peggy S. Ball</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>– U. S. Administrative Law Judge</span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:center; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">DECISION AND ORDER</span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>This matter comes before the Court<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">regardin</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">g</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Complainant’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Second Motion for Summary Judgment<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(MSJ</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>#2).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As indicated in its</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Order Regarding Complainant’s Motion for Summary Judgment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Court found there were<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">two disputes of material fact<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that remained unresolved after its consideration of the parties’ respective briefs and evidence.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">has filed<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the present motion<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in an attempt</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>resolve those disputes and has<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">incorporated by reference</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">but</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>also supplemented,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the evidence<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">filed with the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">previous<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Motion for Summary Judgment<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(MSJ #1)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">address<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">those matters<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">found to be<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">genuinely disputed</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Court’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Order</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on MSJ #1.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Because</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the Court found there were disputes of material fact on the issue</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of exposure and control, it reserved ruling on “ancillary issues such as whether the proposed penalty was excessive and whether Respondent had actual or constructive knowledge of the presence of the hazards.”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Order<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Regarding Complainant’s Motion for Summary Judgment<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at 19.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Having reviewed the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">new evidence submitted by Complainant</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">related</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>filings submitted by Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">all of</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the documents associa</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ted with the first and second motions for summary judgment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the Court finds there are no longer any disputes as to any material fact and Complainant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as to each of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">violations alleged in the Citation and Notification of Penalty.</span></p>
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				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">I.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">P</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">ROCEDURAL HISTORY</span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">On April 26, 2019,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ompliance Safety and Health Officer Aimee L. Stark</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">initiated</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>an inspection of Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in response to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the filing of a complaint.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Ex. C-1).</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref2" href="#ftn2">1</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">When she arrived at the worksite</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">known as the Summerfield Villas</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>she observed<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">twenty<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">workers</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">top of multiple</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>residential roofs<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">without any form of fall protection.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Ex. C-1, C-2).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Each of these roofs was more than six feet above the ground. (Ex. C-1). CSHO Stark</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>met with Michael Comstock, Respondent’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Project Coordinator</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and was accompanied on her inspection by Barry Cole, Respondent’s non-lawyer representative, and Matthew Byrd, Respondent’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Production Manager. (Ex. C-1).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Over the next couple of months, CSHO Stark<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">conducted interviews with<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">multiple employees of Respondent, as well as representatives of M&M Roofing, who was the subcontractor on the project.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(Ex. C-1).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">served Respondent with a Citation and Notification of Penalty alleging one serious and one repeat violation of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (“the Act”)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and proposing<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a total<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">penalty of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">$148,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">858.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Respondent filed a timely notice of contest, bringing this matter before the Commission.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As noted above, Complainant filed MSJ #1 arguing there were no disputes of material fact and that he was entitled to judgment as a matter of law.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ultimately, the Court found<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the standards<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">applied and were violated; however, the Court also determined there were two disputes of material fact that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">prevented the entry of summary judgment in favor of Complainant.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant filed MSJ #2<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in an attempt to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>resolve those lingering disputes of material fact.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">To ensure all matters addressed in MSJ #1 were<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">included</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Complainant has also incorporated MSJ #1 by reference</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref3" href="#ftn3">2</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent has filed responses to both MSJ #1 and MSJ #2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Because</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Complainant has incorporated<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">by reference<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">his original motion</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Court has also considered all the arguments<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and supporting documentation<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent has submitted<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">with respect to both motions.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Trial in this matter is currently scheduled for August 10, 2021, in<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Denver, Colorado.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Because the Court finds Complainant established it is entitled to judgment as a matter of law</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the trial date is hereby VACATED.</span></p>
			</div>
			<p style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">II.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">JURISDICTION</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">T</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he Court finds the Commission has jurisdiction over this matter under section 10(c) of the Act</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 U.S.C. § 659(c)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. According to section 10(c), the Commission obtained jurisdiction</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>upon Respondent’s timely filing of a notice of contest.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Court also finds Respondent was an employer engaged in a business and industry affecting interstate commerce within the meaning of sections 3(3) and 3(5) of the Act</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>29 U.S.C. §§ 652(3), (5).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>According to CSHO Stark’s affidavit</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and Respondent’s own marketing materials</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Respondent purchased products in interstate commerce</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, performs work</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>in several states,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and had employees at the Summerfield Villas worksite.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Ex. C-1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref4" href="#ftn4">3</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent does not dispute any of the facts supporting these conclusions.</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">III.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">SUMMARY JUDGMENT</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; "><span><span></span>
					</span>STANDARD</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Summary judgment is appropriate if the pleadings, the discovery and disclosure materials on file, and any affidavits show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the movant is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Fed. R. Civ. P. 56. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">party seeking summary judgment bears the initial responsibility of informing the court of the basis for its motion and demonstrating the absence of a genuine issue of material fact as to the issue(s) raised. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Celotex Corp. v.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Catrett</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 477 U.S. 317, 323 (1986). A fact is material only if it might affect the outcome of the case, and thus precludes the entry of summary judgment. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 477 U.S. 242, 248 (1986).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In deciding a motion for summary judgment, the Court is required to resolve all ambiguities, and credit all factual inferences that could rationally be drawn, in favor of the nonmoving party. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. at 255. If there is any evidence in the record from which a reasonable inference in favor of the nonmoving party can be drawn</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as to a material fact</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, summary judgment is improper. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Celotex</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 477 U.S. 317. Conversely, if a review of the entire record could not lead a rational trier of fact to find for the nonmoving party, there is no genuine issue for trial and summary judgment is appropriate. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Matsushita Elec. Ind. Co. Ltd. v. Zenith Radio Corp</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">., 475 U.S. 574, 586 (1986). The judge’s function in summary judgment cases is to determine whether there are genuine, material, disputed issues for trial; it is not to weigh the evidence. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Anderson</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 477 U.S. at 249</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The rule</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref5" href="#ftn5">4</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>itself<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">establishes the proper procedure for both supporting<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and disputing<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the existence of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">fact</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”, for the purposes of the motion</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. § 2200.40(j) (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“The provisions of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56 apply to motions for summary judgment.”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)(1) (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">entitled “Supporting Factual Positions”).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">To establish the existence of an undisputed fact,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant must</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">cit</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[e] to particular parts of materials in the record</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">including depositions, documents, electronically stored information, affidavits or declarations, stipulations (including those made for purposes of the motion only), admissions, interrogatory answers, or other materials</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. . . .</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">56(c)(1)(A).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In response</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to Complainant’s recitation of undisputed material facts, supported by<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the material listed in FRCP 56(c)(1)(A),</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent cannot simply rely on blanket denials</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Celotex Corp. v.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Catrett</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 477 U.S. 317, 324 (1986)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Rule 56(e) permits a proper summary judgment motion to be opposed by any of the kinds of evidentiary materials listed in Rule 56(c), except the mere pleadings themselves, and it is from this list that one would normally expect the nonmoving party to make the showing to which we have referred.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Instead, Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>must illustrate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the existence of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a dispute over material facts by</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">either submitting evidence of the kind discussed in Rul</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">e</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>56(c)(1)(A)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">showing that the materials cited do not establish the absence<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of a genuine dispute, or that an adverse party cannot produce admissible evidence to support the fact.”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Fed. R. Civ. P.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">56(c)(1)(B).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">If the Court finds<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a party has failed to properly support its assertion of facts, or the non-moving party has failed to properly respond to that position, it is empowered to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>take any action listed under FRCP 56(e), including granting summary judgment if the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>law and facts show<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is entitled to it.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">56(e).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">IV.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">UNDISPUTED FACTS</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">With respect to Rule 56 discussed above, Respondent has<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">asserted</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>multiple lines of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">contention</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>against Complainant’s motion for summary judgment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, each of which is discussed more fully below</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. First, Respondent contends Complainant failed to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">establish<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">several facts asserted to be undisputed</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Second, Respondent contends Complainant has failed to submit admissible evidence in support of his motion</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Most of Mr. Cole’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">defense</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, however, takes the form of a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">personal screed against Complainant’s counsel, including unfounded and unsupported allegations of misconduct and abusive behavior, for what appears to be nothing more than Complainant’s counsel using the tools and resources available to him to pursue his client’s interests competently and appropriately</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">which<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">bears little relation to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">materi</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">al facts at issue.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">A.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Material<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Facts</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">asserts<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent is a “</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">full-service</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>roofing and general contractor</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">” that handles every step of the process of replacing<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and/or repairing<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">roofs on single- and multi-family<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">homes.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">www.premier-roofing.com</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Ex. C-17)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The evidence shows Respondent employs project coordinators, project support managers, and production managers to oversee the work performed by the roofing subcontractors. (Ex. C-14, C-15).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In this case, LCM Management Company hired Respondent to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">re-roof 34 apartment buildings in Aurora, Colorado</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, known as the Summerfield Villas</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Ex. C-1,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-17</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in turn, hired M&M General Construction LLC to perform the roofing work including removing and replacing roofing materials and skylights. (Ex. C-1, C-17).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent had three people responsible for the Summerfield project</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Mike<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and Michael Comstock were Respondent’s onsite coordinators, whose<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">responsibilities include</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">:<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">conducting inspections, overseeing project builds daily</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and coordinating projects onsite. (Ex. C-14).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and Comstock were overseen by Tosh Maddox</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the Project Manager, whose job is to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">oversee the coordinators and providing “direct support and oversight of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">roofing crews, and providing them with detailed instructions pertaining to each project</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. . . .</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">” (Ex. C-15).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As noted above, CSHO Stark was sent to the Summerfield Villas<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">because OSHA received an anonymous complaint that roofers were working without fall protection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on April 26, 2019. (Ex. C-1). When CSHO Stark arrived, she saw 20 roofers on the rooftops<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">of the Summerfield Villas<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">apartments without<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">appropriate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>fall protection. (Ex. C-1).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">According to her account, some had<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">harnesses on that were not attached to anything; some had ropes attached to their harness</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, but not attached to anything else</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; and some<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">were<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">not wearing harnesses at all. (Ex. C-1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, C-2).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">There were no guardrails, net systems, or line systems with an accompanying safety monitor. (Ex. C-1, C-2 C-5).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> When CSHO Stark asked who the supervisor was, the roofers pointed in the direction of Michael Comstock, Respondent’s project coordinator for the Summerfield project. (Ex. C-1).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Comstock identified himself as the supervisor and said he worked for Premier Roofing. (Ex. C-1).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Comstock asked CSHO Stark to delay the start of the inspection until Premier’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">manager</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Matthew Byrd, and safety consultant, Mr. Cole</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>could come to the site</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Upon his arrival, Mr. Cole<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">said he represented</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>both Respondent and M&M</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and made various representations to CSHO Stark, including that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent and M&M did not have a written contract,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that Respondent provided all supplies, materials, and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">heavy equipment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for the project</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Ex. C-1).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>During this portion of the inspection, CSHO Stark also spoke with<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">LCM’s community association manager</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Sara Peck, who</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">told CSHO Stark the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>owners</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>had hired Respondent to be the general contractor for the roof replacement job at Summerfield. (Ex. C-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, in its marketing literature</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, its contract,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and in its representations to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">LCM,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">holds itself out as</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>a general contractor. (Ex. C-1,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">17</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Though Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">protests that such representations are mere puffery</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for its marketing materials, it is clear<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">actions on th</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>worksite and the policies<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">governing such work illustrate it<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">exercises</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>control over<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">both the manner and means of completing the work.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref6" href="#ftn6">5</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Among other things</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent determined the scope of work</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>provided materials and equipment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>set the timeframe for completion</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>provided written guidance on PPE</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; established minimum safety requirements, including fall protection<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">training and plans;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>required M&M to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">sign a Safety Acceptance Agreement and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">an OSHA Safety Orientation Form;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">established a schedule of fines if Respondent discovered contractors violating<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">safety rules;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">required the performance of a job safety analysis</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and safety toolbox talks.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Ex. C-1, C-3,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-12,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-15, C-16,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-18, C-19).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">This was echoed<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">by the statements of Mr. Byrd, whom CSHO Stark interviewed later during her inspection. (Ex. C-1 at ¶4</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In addition to the foregoing, Mr. Byrd<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">told CSHO Stark that</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, through its coordinators and managers,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>has the responsibility</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">authority</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to ensure safety regulations are being followed at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">its many<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">worksite</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref7" href="#ftn7">6</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Indeed, Respondent assumed responsibility for such in its contract with LCM, which states, “</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">All work shall be done in a safe and workmanlike manner</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. . . .</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[Respondent]<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">shall provide an onsite project manager to ensure the safety of all workers and residents.” (Ex. C-17).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Unfortunately,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">according to Comstock,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and Maddox, while these may be the stated policies</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">none of them performed safety-based inspections</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to assess its subcontractor’s compliance with those policies</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent employs project coordinators, project support managers, and production managers to oversee the work performed by the roofing subcontractors. (Ex. C-14, C-15).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">While there is documentation indicating Respondent has</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>safety</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">policies for its subcontractors,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">there are no<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">documented</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>policies</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for Respondent’s own employees. According to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Comstock, and Maddox, the only training they</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">had<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">received<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">wa</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s the OSHA-10 training class, which briefly touches on<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">multiple</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">safety<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">topics</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>but does not focus specifically on fall protection.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">O</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">therwise,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Comstock,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and Maddox all told</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>CSHO Stark</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">had<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">not provide</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>them with fall protection training</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>or equipment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, nor did<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">it require them to wear fall<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">protection when performing inspections throughout the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">construction process.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref8" href="#ftn8">7</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-4</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, C-9 at 6-7,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-10 at 8-9</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Further,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">neither Comstock,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, nor Maddox<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">performed safety-based inspections<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">of the subcontractors<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at the worksite. (Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Indeed, Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">disclaims it has the responsibility to do so, arguing that duty belonged to M&M Construction</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>alone as subcontracto</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">r.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Finally, as part of the Citation and Notification of Penalty, Complainant alleges Citation<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Item<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is a repeat violation.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">According to the documentation submitted by Complainant</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Respondent has been cited for the exact same standard<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">three</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>times in the previous<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">eight</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>years. (Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-6</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In each of those instances, Respondent was cited for failing to ensure employees on its worksites had adequate fall protection.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The previous two violations were, themselves, characterized as repeat.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent argues there is no<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“recognizable re</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">semblance</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to the prior case</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">but fails to provide any evidence<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">or specificity<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">contradicting</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant’s allegation of substantial similarity.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The definitive nature of Complainant’s evidence and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the lack of any supporting evidence to the contrary leads the Court to find there is no genuine dispute as to the facts regarding the characterization of Citation<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Item<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as repeat.</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.318cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:156px; text-indent:-.318cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">1.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Respondent’s Asserted Disputes<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">of Material Fact</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent claims many of the facts alleged to be undisputed by Complainant are, in fact, in dispute.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Mr. Cole’s unorthodox<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">method</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of disputing particular facts</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>by way of redlining the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">pleadings</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and inserting handwritten notes in the margins</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">has made<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">analysis</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>complicated; however, the Court believe</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s the following represents<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>“factual”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">disputes</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to the fullest extent they can be<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">de</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ciphered</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">After a review of these purported disputes of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">material fact</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the Court finds Respondent’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">contrary “facts”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>are</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>either unsupported</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>by any<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">admissible evidence</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">are<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">legal</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>conclusions</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">are<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">otherwise<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">not material to the outcome of the case.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“To create a question of fact,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">an adverse party responding to a properly made and supported summary judgment motion must set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See Posey v.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Skyline Corp.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">702 F.2d<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">102 (7th Cir.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1983) (citing<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Macklin v. Butler,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>553 F.2d 525, 528 (7th Cir.1977)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Fed. R. Civ. P.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>56(e</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">))</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A party may not rest on mere allegations or denials of his pleadings; similarly, a bare contention that an issue of fact exists is insufficient to raise a factual issue.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(citations omitted).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Some alleged factual dispute is not sufficient to prevent the entry of summary judgment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; there must be a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">genuine<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">dispute of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">material</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>fact.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In other words, “</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[t]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">dispute</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>must be genuine and the facts must be such that if they were proven at trial, a reasonable jury could return a verdict in favor for the nonmoving party. If the disputed evidence<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">‘</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is merely colorable or is not significantly probative, summary judgment may be granted.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">’</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Damron</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>v.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Norfolk & Western Ry. Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">925 F. Supp.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">520,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">522 (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">N.D. Ohio</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 1995)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(citations omitted)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent contends the slope of the roof</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">genuine dispute of material fact. Specifically, Respondent contends the roof slope was less than 4</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">:</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">12 and</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>therefore<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">exempt from fall protection requirements.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant, on the other hand, does not address the specific slope of the roof, instead contending the slope is irrelevant<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">because Respondent failed to provide any form of fall protection whatsoever.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">While the question of slope is a factual one, the Court finds that (1) it is immaterial</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; and (2)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the conclusion Respondent seeks is legal</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>conclusion</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. As to (1), the slope of the roof is immaterial<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">because there was simply no fall protection in use by either Respondent’s own employees or the subcontractor employees.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent contends the slope of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the roof is material because of the exception found at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. § 1926.501(b)(10)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref9" href="#ftn9">8</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Section 1926.501(b)(10), however, does not provide<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">carte blanche</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">authority for employers<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">eschew</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>fall protection on low-sloped roofs. Instead, it provides alternative</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to the traditional forms of fall protection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">applicable to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a limited set of conditions</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. However,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">none of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the su</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">gg</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ested alternative forms<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">of fall protection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>were in use or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">provided by Respondent or its subcontractor</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">h</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is project</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-5 at 54).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent’s arguments are immaterial and</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>were<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">legal conclusions reserved to the finder of fact</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">which<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">do not illustrate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>a genuine issue of material fact.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent argues<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the question of knowledge</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is a dispute of material fact; however, like the question of whether an exception applies, this is primarily a legal question</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as presented here</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">From a factual perspective, there does not appear to be a genuine dispute.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent contends<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">neither it nor M&M</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>had a representative<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">or worker<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at the worksite<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at the specific moment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>CSHO Stark arrived and saw the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">fall protection violations. It argues a “clerk” was<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the only employee of the Respondent at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the worksite<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at the time of the Inspection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>doing inventory and checking<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">work<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">progress.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref10" href="#ftn10">9</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Resp’t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Binder 1, Affidavit of Barry Cole</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">However,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Comstock was<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in the area of</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the worksite</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent has not<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">tendered<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">any</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>evidence to establish<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Comstock was a “clerk” rather than a roofer or project manager</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, or that he was employed by anyone other than the Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">T</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>dispute<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">asserted<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is not<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">genuine</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">dispute of fact so much as<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">dis</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">parate characterizations of facts<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">which<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">are not inconsistent with one another.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Further</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, even if the dispute were genuine, the Court does not find it material. Complainant can prove<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">awareness of the hazard</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>either through actual or constructive knowledge.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A.P.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">O’Horo</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Co., Inc., 14 BNA OSHC 2004, 2007</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 85-369, 1991)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">This is problematic for Respondent for two reasons.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>First, it doesn’t matter whether Comstock was there in the morning, at the time CSHO Stark arrived</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">not<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">until later that day.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As shown in explicit detail above,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant provided ample evidence to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">show</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(discussed in more detail,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">infra</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent had constructive knowledge<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">of the violations.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent has submitted no contrary evidence, by way of policy, training, or rules, to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">establish</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>a material</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, factual dispute justifying the denial of summary judgment on t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he issue of constructive knowledge</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>either with respect to its own employees or M&M’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Second,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>there is photographic evidence and sworn statements</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>establishing Respondent’s own employees</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>failed to wear fall protection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and that Respondent failed to provide training</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>or even a documented fall protection plan.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thus, there are multiple avenues through which Complainant can<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">prove a violation of the standard that do not require the presence of one of Respondent’s employees on the worksite at the exact<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">mom</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the inspection.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">N</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ot only is Respondent’s representative<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">making a legal argument, but any perceived factual dispute<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">as to Comstock’s presence at the worksite is immaterial because it does not prevent the entry of summary judgment.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent also contends the evidence and photographs collected by CSHO Stark<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">are</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inadmissible because<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">such evidence</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was improperly collected by<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">trespassing on private property”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>prior to conducting an opening conference.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Resp’t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Response<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">and Objections to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Motion for Summary Judgment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">9.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In other words, Respondent suggests summary judgment should be defeated consistent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ly</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>with the procedure indicated in FRCP 56</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(c)(2)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. This<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">argument<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">fails for two reasons: (1) most of the photographs taken by CSHO Stark prior to the formal beginning of the inspection were taken</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, or at least visible, from a public right-of-way; and (2) for any pictures or evidence not acquired from the public right-of-way</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the question of improper collection of evidence does not apply.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Because most of the images were present from a public sidewalk or street,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">their collection falls under the plain view doctrine.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Lewis v. United States, 385 US 206</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span><span></span>
						</span>210</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">what a person knowingly exposes to the public, even his own home or office, is not a subject of Fourth Amendment protection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. A</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nd,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">more importantly, because the property does not belong to Respondent or M&M,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>has no standing to assert a Fourth Amendment claim against Complainant for conducting an inspection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on private property.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A person who is aggrieved by an illegal search and seizure only through the introduction of damaging evidence secured by a search of a third person's premises or property has not had any of his Fourth Amendment rights infringed.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Rakas</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>v. Illinois</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 439 U.S. 128, 134, 99 S. Ct. 421, 425, 58 L. Ed. 2d 387 (1978)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(citing<span>
						</span></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Alderman v. United States, 394 U.S. 165, 174, 89<span>
						</span></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; ">S.Ct</span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; ">. 961, 966, 22 L.Ed.2d 176 (1969)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Only the management company or property owner has standing to assert<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Fourth Amendment rights under this set of facts. Respondent has not provided any evidence to suggest LCM<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">objected to Complainant’s inspection of the premises.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">For that matter, there is no evidence Respondent objected to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">CSHO Starks’ entry onto the premises at the time of the inspection.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Thus, the Court finds no dispute of material fact as to admissibility.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent argues many of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">roofers identified by CSHO Stark<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">as</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>employees of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">either<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent or of M&M were, in fact,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">interloper</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>contractors who struck separate agreements with<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">M&M and/or other subcontractors to split the work<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in order to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>complete it faster and move along to more jobs.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent argues these interlopers were “impossible to control” and “broke rules”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, presumably attempting to undercut Complainant’s claim<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>controlled the worksite as the general contractor and was thus responsible for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">all employees working on the roofs of the Summerfield Villas.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">This is, perhaps, the closest Respondent comes to identifying a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">genuine, material dispute of fact; however, it still falls short.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As far as the Court can tell, Complainant<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is unconcerned with who, specifically, these interloper roofers<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">were</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and with good reason.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent, regardless of how it wishes to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">characterize</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>itself or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">M&M,</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref11" href="#ftn11">10</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>assumed the mantle of general contractor</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">through</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>its puffery, its contract language,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">its oversight,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and its policies,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">all of which illustrate a substantial level of control<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">assumed and (for the most part) exercised</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Simply having the authority to control the worksite, along with the stated and assumed responsibility for “</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ensur</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">]<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the safety of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">all workers and residents</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is sufficient to render Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">liable for the failures occurring on that worksite</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>unless there was no possible way<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">it</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>could know</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of them.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Centex-Rooney Constr. Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 2127, 2129</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">–</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2130 (No. 92-0851</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 1994)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">controlling</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employer</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> liable if it could reasonably be</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>expected to prevent or detect and abate the violative condition by reason of its supervisory capacity and control over the worksite)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>As illustrated above,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the failure to have and/or execute any semblance of a safety policy</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>with respect to its own employees and subcontractors renders that scenario unlikely.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In other words, given the level of control asserted by<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(or at least available to)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent, the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>idea of some group of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">rogue</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, uncontrollable roofers</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>overtaking a worksite where Comstock was admittedly present<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at least<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">three</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>times per<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">day</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is unlikely.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(Ex. C-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">9 at 5).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Further, whether the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employees are</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>emp</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">loyed</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>directly</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>by M&M or subcontracted by them, Respondent is obligated to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">provide<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a safe workplace</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for them just as it would its own employees</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See Summit Contractors</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 23 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1196,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2010 WL 3341872</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at *7</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">05-0839,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2010) (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">discussing the statutory basis for imposing liability upon a non-exposing, controlling employer)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Along similar lines, Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">claims the defense of unpreventable employee misconduct</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is a sufficient defense to the present motion.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">lleging a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>claim of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">unpreventable employee misconduct, however, is much different than providing facts in support of that claim.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">makes vague claims about an unidentified, singular employee<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">who allegedly committed employee misconduct</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>by failing to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">wear fall protection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and was terminated shortly thereafter.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Resp’t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Response to MSJ #1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">11.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">This case, however, does not concern the actions of a single employee<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">who<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">failed to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">put on a harness and tether to an anchor point;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">rather<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Court is confronted with an allegation that</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(1)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>20 roofers<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">were not wearing appropriate fall protection while working</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on roofs</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>under the supervision of Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; and (2)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at least three of Respondent’s own workers admitted to performing inspections on rooftops under construction</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>without appropriate fall protection.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Notwithstanding the undisputed facts showing Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">lacked any semblance of a fall protection program, even if the Court were to accept</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>an allegation of employee misconduct as to one individual, that dispute is neither material<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nor genuine given the overwhelming number of people<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">not wearing fall protection on either the day of the inspection or, as discussed next, in any of the photos<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">submitted by Respondent from its project managers’ inspections</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(Ex. C-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">4).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent also appears to suggest the fall protection violations were not as widespread as alleged by CSHO Stark. In particular, there are notations on photographs</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in Respondent’s submitted exhibits where Respondent notes “Great Safety!” and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“Shows tie-off”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; however, when you look closer at many of these photos (as better illustrated in the color versions submitted by Complainant in<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exhibit C-4) most of the roofers have the tethers haphazardly tied to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the side of the harness as opposed to the D-ring positioned at the center of the wearer’s back</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, rendering them<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">purely for show</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Ex. C-4,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Resp’t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Binder 1).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Not only do the photos illustrate a lack of any material dispute</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">they</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>also highlight the breadth of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">failure in the arena of fall protection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, as<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">some</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>were taken by Respondent’s own project coordinator</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">just days after the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inspection. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex. C-1 at ¶</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">9, C-4</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>No reasonable<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">factfinder</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>could view these photos to support the proposition<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">suggested by Respondent.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">argues</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the repeat characterization as to Citation<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Item<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, as well as the fines</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>associated with each, are both material facts in dispute. First,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the determination of whether a citation is repeated is a legal one, not one of material fact</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Second,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the appropriateness of the fine, while certainly the subject of debate, is nonetheless predicated on the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">facts of the violation. Insofar as the facts supporting the violation</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>are not in<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">dispute and,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>considering Respondent has not submitted<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">anything<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in addition to what the Court has already discussed above, the Court finds Respondent has failed to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">illustrate a dispute as to any of the facts material to making a penalty determination</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As noted above with respect to many of the other purported disputes,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">simply denying or disputing Complainant’s characterization of the facts is insufficient</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>when evidence<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">has been</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>submitted in support of those facts.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Damron</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>925 F. Supp. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">522</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Nevertheless, in the face of a summary judgment motion, the nonmoving party cannot rest on its pleadings but must come forward with some probative evidence to support its claim</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Nevertheless, the Court shall consider Respondent’s legal arguments regarding the appropriateness of the penalty<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">based on</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>these facts</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>when making its determination<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">de novo</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Finally, Respondent also attempts to argue the use of personal fall protection constituted a greater hazard</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; however, Respondent failed to allege the affirmative defense of greater hazard when it filed its Answer</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and, at no time<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">during the pendency of this litigation</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, did it ever seek to amend its<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Answer to plead such a defense.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. § 2200.34(b)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">An amendment<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">his point in time</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, only a week before trial and long after the close of discovery, would be unduly prejudicial</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and the Court will not allow it. Notwithstanding that fact, Respondent, as with many of the foregoing disputes, has failed to introduce any evidence to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">illustrate the purported dispute is either genuine or material.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.318cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; text-align:justify; margin-left:156.467px; text-indent:-.318cm; widows:2; orphans:2; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">2.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Respondent’s Allegations of<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Opposing Counsel<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Misconduct and Mr. Cole’s<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Status as a Professional “Lay” Representative<span>
					</span></span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Although Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">’s lengthy tirade against Complainant’s counsel would not ordinarily warrant consideration in a discussion about<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">whether</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">there is a genuine dispute as to any material fact, the Court<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">finds it is important to address the matter in this case.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A substantial portion</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">30 pages of argument submitted by Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">dedicated to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">lobbing unprofessional, unfounded<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">ad hominem</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>aspersions at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">S</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">olicitor</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for doing his job</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Presumably such<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">unfounded allegations are designed t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">o sway the Court with emotional pleas and conspiracy theories<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in the absence of any legitimate dispute over facts material to the determination of this case</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, but they fail to do so.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Mr. Cole, who runs his own private safety consulting firm, is not an employee of Respondent, but was instead hired by Respondent to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">perform safety consulting and represent it in the present proceeding. Indeed, Mr. Cole holds himself out as<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a safety and health professional consultant, and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">an expert in OSHA matters, law, interpretations</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. . . and preventing OSHA fines for alleged noncompliance</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and assisting</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">them in contesting or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">minimizing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>through settlements citations that may have been issued to them.” (Binder 1, Affidavit of Barry A. Cole)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(emphasis added)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Mr. Cole a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ttempts<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to wield his status as a lay representative as both sword and shield.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">On the one hand, the Court, without any documentation in support,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is urged to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">defer to the judgment and assessment of</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Mr. Cole</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">as to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">legal questions upon which he</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is purportedly</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">an<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">expert. On the other, Mr. Cole claims he is being mistreated and unfairly targeted<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">because he is not a lawyer and</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>thus<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">can be manipulated with<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">legal chicanery only available to classically trained lawyers.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Mr. Cole holds himself out as someone capable of providing representation before the Commission</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and, as such, should be competent in the procedures and strategies accompanying such a practice.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">This is not a situation where a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">pro se</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>litigant, with no previous experience in a legal proceeding,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is being run roughshod by the Solicitor</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Mr. Cole<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is a paid professional with experience<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">practicing before the Commission</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Court sees no reason why Mr. Cole should be<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">treated much differently than any other paid professional appearing before this Court</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. § 2200.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">32<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A signature by a party representative constitutes a representation by the representative that the representative understands that the rules and orders of the Commission and its Judges apply equally to attorney and non-attorney representatives</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Imageries</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC 1545 (No.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">90-378</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 1992) (noting Commission precedent to hold lay people<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">representing themselves</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to the standard of “reasonable diligence”);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also id.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">citing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Collex</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc. v. Walsh,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> 69 F.R.D. 20, 24 (E.D.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Pa.1975) (stating a “litigant may choose to proceed </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">pro se</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, but he does not have the untrammeled right to totally disregard the procedures mandated by the court.”).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">omplainant<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">has proceeded as provided under<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Commission Rule 40</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(j), which directs parties to FRCP 56</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and its explicit procedure for both seeking and defending<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">against summary judgment.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In light of</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>this expectation, the Court note</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>an additional<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">problem with the current state of Mr. Cole’s representation</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">: his insistence on making himself a witness to the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">case. Again, while this is typical of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">pro se<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">litigants appearing before the Commission</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, it is unusual for a paid, professional representative to do so.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Attorneys are bound by the professional rules of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">state in which they are licensed to practice. As it pertains to this case,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Colorado Code of Professional<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Conduct</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>prohibits an attorney from testifying as a fact witness in a matter in which he is also counsel of record</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C.R.P.C Rule 3.7, Lawyer as Witness</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. In a case entitled<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">North Shore Strapping Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">an employer only called one witness, its attorney.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See N. Shore Strapping Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2019 WL 4565522 (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Docket No. 18-1529,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2019)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(ALJ Joys)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Over the objections of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Solicitor, the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">udge permitted<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">such</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testimony</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">noting Commission Rule 22 permits<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a party to “appear in person, through an attorney, or through any non-attorney representative” and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">noted “</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">it is not uncommon in Commission proceedings for company management to serve as both representative<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and fact witness.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ALJ</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>found fundamental fairness permitted the attorney to testify because he was also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a management official with the company</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">This<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is not one of those<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">situation</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s. Mr. Cole is a paid advocate.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Although</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Mr. Cole<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was present during CSHO Stark’s inspection,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Court notes he was accompanied by a corporate representative<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">who</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is equally capable of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">swearing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to the facts<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">observed by all</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>parties involved without inserting Mr. Cole</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Unbiased roofers, project managers,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">contract signatories, and others directly involved<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in the work at issue are much<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">more persuasive witnesses to material facts.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Because<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he is closer to an attorney than a self-represented party</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the Court would<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ordinarily<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">find<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">inadmissible most statements by Mr. Cole as it related to the inspection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Additionally,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">because the statements and evidence submitted by Mr. Cole in his personal affidavit do not rise to the level of creating a genuine issue of material fact,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">it is unnecessary to do so.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">V.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">LEGAL<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">ANALYSIS</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">To establish a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">prima facie</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>violation of a specific standard promulgated under section 5(a)(2) of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, 29 U.S.C. § 651,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">et seq</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (“Act”), the Secretary must prove by a preponderance of the evidence that: (1) the standard applies to the cited condition; (2) the terms of the standard were violated; (3) one or more of the employer’s employees had access to the cited conditions; and (4) the employer knew, or with the exercise of reasonable diligence could have known, of the violative conditions.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Ormet</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Corporation</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 14 BNA OSHC 2134 (No. 85-0531, 1991).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">A.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
				</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Citation 1, Item<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">1</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Complainant alleged a serious violation of the Act in Citation<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Item<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as follows:<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 CFR<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">19</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">26</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.20(b)(2)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">:</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The employer does not initiate and maintain a safety program which provides for frequent and regular inspections of jobsites, materials, and equipment to be made by a competent person.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; padding-right:20px;">a)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Premier Roofing LLC DBA Premier Roofing Company as a controlling and exposing employer, is failing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to ensure that its employees and employees of its subcontractors are<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">protected</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>from jobsite hazards including falls greater than 6 feet during roofing work, lack of the use of eye protection and unsafe ladder use due to<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">0074</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">lack</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>of effective frequent and regular inspections being conducted by a competent person. This violation was recently observed on April 26,<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2019</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>at 1310-1326 N. Sable Blvd, Aurora CO<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">80011 when Premier failed to ensure that frequent and regular inspections took place at this jobsite.</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; text-align:justify; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation and Notification of Penalty</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">6</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">1.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">The Standard Applied</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; "><span><span></span>
					</span>and its Terms Were Violated</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Court has already determined the standard applied to Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and that its terms were violated. Indeed,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the cited standard requires Respondent to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">initiate and maintain a program<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to “</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">provide for frequent and regular inspections of the job sites, materials, and equipment to be made by competent persons designated by the employers.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">” 29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(b)(2)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. As the undisputed facts recounted above indicate,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent had neither a program providing for frequent and regular inspections of the worksite, materials, and equipment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, nor did it have a person competent to perform such a job.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Comstock,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and Maddox all told CSHO Stark they only received<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">minimal training on fall protection and only conducted inspections for the purposes of quality control, not safety.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thus, Respondent neither designated nor prepared any employee to serve as a competent person in the arena of fall protection, let alone safety as a general concern</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, nor did it establish or implement any semblance of a program</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to ensure the requisite inspections were taking place.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">2.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Respondent’s Employees Were Exposed to the Hazard</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The foregoing<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">un</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">disputed facts show Respondent’s own employees were exposed to the hazard.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent does not have a program of inspection, nor does it have a designated competent person to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ensure frequent and effective inspections are taking place.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">According to the statements they gave to CSHO Stark, Comstock,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and Maddox all frequently performed inspections<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">on the roofs of residential construction sites but never wore appropriate fall protection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>nor were they required to do so</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, never received adequate training on the topic of fall<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">protection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>w</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ere never themselves inspected for anything other than progress to the end<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">goal</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Without a competent person capable of performing frequent and effective inspections, hazards, including those identified by CSHO Stark<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">either go uncovered or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">are<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">left unobserved out in the open.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Because Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">did not</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>perform</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">regular safety inspections, establish a program of inspection,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">or ensure the assignment of a competent person</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, its employees were exposed to hazards, including, as is relevant to this case, fall hazards.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:192px; text-indent:-.318cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:192px; text-indent:-.318cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">i.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Respondent Was a Controlling Employer</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">While Respondent proffered many objections to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the facts indicating it is a controlling employer, none were material or genuine disputes.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Commission’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">test for controlling employer liability<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">held<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">an employer “responsible for the violations of other employers ‘where it could reasonably be expected to prevent or detect and abate the violations due to its supervisory authority and control over the worksite.”’<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Summit Contractors</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>2010 WL<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">3341872 at *</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">4 (citing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">McDevitt Street<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Bovis</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 19 BNA OSHC 1108, 1109</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 97-1918, 2000) (citation omitted);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Grossman Steel</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 4 BNA OSHC at 1188</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(noting that general contractors are “well situated to obtain abatement of hazards,” and thus it is “reasonable to expect the general</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>contractor to assure compliance with the standards insofar as all employees on the site are affected”)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> The facts recounted above</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>establish</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>it is reasonable to expect Respondent to prevent or detect and abate violations</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">based upon<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">its<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">level of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">supervisory authority and control.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As a general rule</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Respondent holds itself<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">out<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to be a general contractor. Whether in its marketing materials or in the representations it makes to its customers, Respondent claims to be a general contractor.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">However,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent’s status is not solely determined by the representations<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">it makes, but also by the power and control it reserves to itself.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">LCM hired Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to be the general contractor who would, in turn, be authorized to hire additional contractors to perform the work</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Ex. C-17</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). In its contract with LCM, Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">agreed to perform all work in a “safe and workmanlike manner”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and committed to “</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">provid</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">] an onsite manager to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ensur</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">e</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the safety of all workers and all residents.”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As part of this assumed obligation, Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">set forth safety and health requirements for</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>M&M and its employees or subcontractors</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, which Respondent required M&M’s representative to sign</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Ex. C-3). Of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">particular note</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>in this<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">set of requirements was Respondent’s assumed authority to fine subcontractors for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">violating OSHA Safety Rules.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In addition, Respondent also had the authority to remove<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a contractor from a worksite for safety violations</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and other reasons.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref12" href="#ftn12">11</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See McDevitt</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">19 BNA OSHC at 1109-10 (finding evidence of control where general contractor had “overall authority at the worksite,” including authority to demand compliance with safety requirements, stop subcontractor’s work, and remove subcontractor from site).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Respondent’s control was not limited to the authority it reserved to itself regarding safety matters</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(indeed it was a power not exercised), but also extended to the manner and means by which the work was accomplished.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent provided the materials</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and equipment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and ensured the work was being performed according to specifications and the agreed-upon timeline.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent not only promised to provide an onsite manager, but<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">actually provided</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>project coordinators like<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and Comstock and managers like Maddox</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to oversee the execution of the project</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See Summit</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 23 BNA OSHC at 1206 (finding evidence of control where respondent’s superintendent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“observed the progress of the project and worksite conditions by walking the worksite twice each day” and, during weekly meetings, he “point[ed] out obvious hazards to the subcontractors”)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">While a written contract between Respondent and M&M was never provided,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ir</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">vin<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Menjivar</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>from M&M testified he had reached an agreement with Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">This is not fatal, however,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">so long as the record evidence establishes authority and control.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See, e.g.,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">StormForce</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">of Jacksonville LLC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Docket No. 19-0593, slip. op. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">6 (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">March 8, 2021)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Indeed, much like the employer in<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">StormForce</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, what Respondent represents<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">about its business and how it its<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">actually carried</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>out are two different things.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Like<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">StormForce</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Respondent argues it provides the limited service of coordination between the customer, the insurance company, and the roofing subcontractors</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Also</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>like<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">StormForce</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, however, what Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">argues it is responsible for and w</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">hat it is actually responsible for are two different things.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">holding</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>disclaimer of supervisor control and liability for unsafe conditions</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inconsistent with assumption of control over the manner and means of production).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Due to the level of control discussed<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">both in the section on undisputed facts and the foregoing, the Court finds it is<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">reasonabl</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">e to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>expect</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to prevent or detect and abate the violations due to its supervisory authority<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">over both production- and safety-related matters</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and its project managers’ frequent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">quality control inspections of the worksite. Accordingly, the Court finds Respondent is a controlling employer with respect to all subcontractors present on the site.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">3.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Respondent Knew or Could Have Known of the Hazardous Condition </span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">To prove this element, Complainant must show Respondent knew or, with the exercise of reasonable diligence, could have known of the violation.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Dun-Par Engineered Form Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 12 BNA OSHC 1962, 1965 (No. 82-928, 1986). The key is whether Respondent was aware of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">conditions constituting a violation, not whether it understood the conditions violated the Act.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Phoenix Roofing, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 17 BNA OSHC 1076, 1079–80 (No. 90-2148, 1995). Complainant can prove knowledge of an employer through the knowledge, actual or constructive, of its supervisory employees.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Dover Elevator Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 1281, 1286 (No. 91-862, 1993). </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Alternatively</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Complainant can show constructive knowledge through a lack of any policy or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">procedure designed to uncover hazards.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“[A]n employer has a general obligation to inspect its workplace for hazards.”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Hamilton Fixture</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 1073, 1993 WL 127949 at *16 (No. 88-1720, 1993) (citing<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Automatic Sprinkler Corp. of America</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 8 BNA OSHC 1384, 1387 (No. 76-5089, 1980)). The scope of that obligation “requires a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">careful and critical examination<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and is not satisfied by a mere opportunity to view equipment.”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Austin Comm. v. OSHRC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 610 F.2d 200, 202 (5th Cir. 1979)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(emphasis added)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Some factors to assess whether an employer has exercised reasonable diligence include an employer’s “obligation to inspect the work area, to anticipate hazards to which employees may be exposed, and to take measures to prevent the occurrence.”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Frank<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Swidzinski</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 9 BNA OSHC 1230, 1233 (No. 76-4627, 1981</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent had its own employees at the worksite</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>who were<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">exposed to hazard</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s, and, thus,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">it had an obligation to inspect the work area<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>anticipate hazards</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>they might be exposed to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and take measures to prevent them.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Due to its<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">authority and control, however, that obligation extended beyond its own employees to the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">workplace as a whole</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See Summit</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2010 WL 3341872</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">*9-10</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent, however,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">had no identified policy requiring its employees or managers to conduct<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">safety</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-based<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">inspections of the workplace, no training</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>requirements for its own or subcontractor employees</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and no designated competent person, as required by the standard.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">These issues are squarely within the knowledge of Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">—while<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the job descriptions of Comstock,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and Maddox all indicate some<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">oversight function, there is no policy or set of rules<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">indicating what that means<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">outside of ensuring the work is performed according to specifications.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In practice, none of Respondent’s project employees<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">were aware they had safety-related inspection obligations</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, or at least never practiced them</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>until after the OSHA inspection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-1,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-10, C-11</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Although Matt Byrd seemed to indicate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">an awareness that such safety-related inspections were required</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the undisputed evidence shows Respondent should have been aware</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">: (1) it was obligated to perform<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">safety-based</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inspections; and (2)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">it</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s employees were<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">not conducting safety-based inspections.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent receives reports</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>from its coordinators</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>about the state of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">its</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">projects</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at nearly every stage<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in the process</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, but never received nor requested reports about the safet</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">y of its worksites. Further, there is no evidence<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the project coordinators and managers were ever required to perform safety-based inspections as required by 29 C.F.R. § 1926.20</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(b)(2)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Without a policy specifically requiring<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">your employees to conduct<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">safety-based inspections</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, it is reasonable to expect they will not be done.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Without specifically designating a competent person to perform such inspections,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent cannot comply with the cited standard.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">These are all issues that are squarely within the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>institutional</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>knowledge of Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and require no imputation<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in order to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>establish such knowledge. Accordingly, the Court finds Complainant established<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(b)(2).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Court also finds the violation was serious.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant argues,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent does not dispute,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and the case law supports</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the proposition that</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>a fall from over six feet</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>can result in serious injuries<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">or death.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Accordingly, the violation shall be affirmed as serious.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref13" href="#ftn13">12</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">B.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
				</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Citation<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">, Item<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">1</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Complainant alleged a serious violation of the Act in Citation<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Item<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as follows:<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 CFR<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1926.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">501</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(b)(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">13</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">:</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Each employee engaged in residential construction activities 6 feet (1.8m) or more above lower levels is not protected by<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">guardrail<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">systems, safety net system, or personal fall arrest system, nor are employee(s) provided with an alternative fall protection measure under another provision of paragraph 1926.501(b).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; padding-right:20px;">b)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Premier Roofing LLC DBA Premier Roofing Company as a controlling and exposing employer, is failing to ensure that its employees and employees of its subcontractors are protected from<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">fall hazards during roofing material removal and installation,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">as well as other<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">residential constructi</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">on<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">work including removal and installation of wood roof decking and construction of skylights. This violation was recently</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">observed on April 26,<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2019</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>at 1310-1326 N. Sable Blvd, Aurora CO 80011 when employees of M&M General Construction LLC, subcontractor, were reroofing multi-family</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>residential buildings without fall protection at heights greater than 6 feet. Employees of Premier Roofing Company also routinely went on the roofs of this project during active construction work while not being protected from falls</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; text-align:justify; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation and Notification of Penalty</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 7</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">1.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">The Standard Applied and its Terms Were Violated</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>As with Citation 1, Item 1, the Court previously found<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant established the cited standard applied and was violated.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Order Regarding Complainant’s Motion for Summary Judgment at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>19.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Court in</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">corporates all such findings by reference, as they are part of the record.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Nevertheless, the Court would like to revisit the applicability of the exception</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent seeks to apply.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>exception<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to the requirement<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">of using fall protection while</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>conducting inspections and assessments<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is limited<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to two distinct points in time:</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“prior to the actual start of construction work or after all construction work has been completed.” 29 C.F.R. § 1926.50</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">0</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(a)(1).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent contends it was not obligated to provide fall protection or mandate its use because of this exception. The problem, however,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the plain language of the exception<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">specifies<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">limited times during which it applies: prior to the start of construction or after<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">construction</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is complete. As stated by Comstock,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and Maddox,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employees</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>were required to provide frequent and regular inspection reports, including photos of progress, which required gaining access to the roof while construction was ongoing. (Ex. C-4). These same photos show Comstock and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on the roof<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">during construction work, thus any claim they only accessed the roof at the beginning and end<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">of construction<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is not<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a material fact genuinely<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">dispute</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and the standard applies.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Comstock,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and Maddox admitted<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">they did not wear</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>fall protection during their inspections</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and CSHO Stark presented evidence, without<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">contradiction</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, of 20 subcontractor employees performing work on the roofs without<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">fall protection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>The exception for low-sloped roofs is not so much an exception as an expansion of available alternatives to the standard<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">guardrail, PFS,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">safety net combination of protective options</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. § 1926.501</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(b)(10).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In those limited instances where the roof qualifies as low-slope,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">section<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1926.501(b)(10)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>allows an employer to utilize safety lines and safety monitors as an alternative, but it does not permit the utter lack of protective measures</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>suggested by Respondent. There is no evidence to indicate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">alternatives such as safety monitors or warning lines were installed on any of the roofs of Summerfield Villas.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Accordingly,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the exception does not<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">apply</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the terms of the standard were violated.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">2.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Respondent’s Employees Were Exposed to a Hazard</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>As has been stated repeatedly throughout this decision and order, Respondent’s own employees, as well as<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the 20<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">subcontractor employees</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>observed by CSHO Stark</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">were exposed to falls</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of six feet or more when they worked on the roofs of the Summerfield Villas without adequate fall protection.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The photos not only illustrate a lack of fall protection, but also show<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">roofers standing near the edge of the roof and next to holes</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>in the wood decking underneath. (Ex. C-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2, C-4).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent’s employees and subcontractors were all working<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">on residential roofs more than six feet above the ground with no fall protection. The Court finds they were all exposed to the hazard of falling</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span></p>
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			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">3.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Respondent<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Knew or Could Have Known of the Hazardous Condition</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The analysis regarding whether Respondent knew or could have known of the hazardous condition caused by the violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1926.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">501(b)(13) is<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">similar to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the analysis with respect to Citation 1, Item 1.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Based on the facts stated above,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Court<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">does not find<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">had</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>actual knowledge of the violation as it relates to the 20<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">unprotected roofers observed by CSHO Stark on April 26, 2019. Viewed in a light most favorable to Respondent,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Comstock was not directly on site when CSHO Stark saw the unprotected roofers, and there is no evidence to suggest he was aware.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Further, for the purposes of this motion</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>only</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the Court accepts that neither Comstock nor<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">were</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>supervisors</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for the purposes of establishing knowledge.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">However, as<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">regards the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">conduct of Comstock and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the Court finds Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was actually and constructively</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>aware</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of their failure to wear fall protection.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent did not have a fall protection plan or work rule preventing Comstock or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>from<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">inspecting a roof under construction without fall protection.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Comstock stated he had not been provided with fall protection, and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>told CSHO Stark he never wore<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">fall protection. (Ex. C-1 at ¶¶ 6-7).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Their supervisor, Maddox, neither wore fall protection herself, nor required<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>or Comstock to do so. This is because<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">there was no</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">safety<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">rule.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Ex. C-1 at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">¶</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>7)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Maddox’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>knowledge (and lack thereof)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>illustrates how</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent was both actually and constructively aware</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the hazard. Maddox, as Comstock and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>supervisor,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was aware her subordinates did not wear fall protection.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As supervisor, her knowledge</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is imputable to Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span>N & N Contractors., 18 BNA OSHC<span>
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2121,</span><span><span></span>
					</span>2123<span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(No. 96-0606, 2000),<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span>255 F.3d 122 (4th Cir. 2001)<span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(“The actual or constructive knowledge of a foreman or supervisor can be imputed to the employer.”).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent has not provided any indication as to why such imputation would be improper or disputed that Maddox was Comstock and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thiede’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>supervisor.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Relatedly, because there was no rule to enforce</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, no</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>program of inspections in place,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nor a competent person to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">carry<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">out such a program,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent cannot<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">plausibly</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>claim it was reasonably diligent in attempting to uncover</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>workplace violations.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Frank<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Swidzinski</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 9 BNA OSHC 1230, 1233 (No. 76-4627, 1981) (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">court’s assessment of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">reasonable diligence include</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s consideration of</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>an employer’s “obligation to inspect the work area, to anticipate hazards to which employees may be exposed, and to take measures to prevent the occurrence”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">By virtue of its<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">authority and control</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Respondent had an obligation to inspect the worksite</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for hazards</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, but it failed to anticipate or even<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">perceive a need to uncover hazards</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">—i</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nstead<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">improperly deferring that responsibility to its subcontracto</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">r</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">—a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nd<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">it<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">certainly did not take affirmative measures to prevent the occurrence of violations at its worksite.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>As regards the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">20 subcontractor employees CSHO Stark observed during her inspection, the Court finds Respondent was constructively aware</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the violation for much the same reason</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s it was aware of its failure to have an inspection program carried out by a competent person</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>or</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to have any semblance of a safety program whatsoever. While<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“safety program” vis-à-vis its subcontractors is arguably s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">afer than its failure to have a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ny</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>safety program at all for its own employees</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, it is a program in name only.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent set forth safety requirements for its subcontractors—and even went so far as to create a penalty scheme</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for violations of it</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">—but took<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">absolutely no steps to ensure the safety program was followed.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">It did not train its own employees, whose job description requires<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“overs[</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">eeing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">]<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">project builds daily onsite” in fall protection for themselves, let alone<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the people the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>coordinators were charged with overseeing.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(Ex. C-14).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The only plausible reason Respondent could<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">assert for not<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">having<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">known of the widespread violations<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was because you cannot find what you do not look for.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Reasonable diligence requires, at the very least,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">taking action</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">asserted c</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ontrol over how the work was<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">performed but</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>disclaimed any responsibility<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">for the workplace it controlled.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Because<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent took no action<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to identify, anticipate, or address hazards to which its own</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, as well as subcontractor, employees were exposed, the Court finds it was both actually and constructively aware of the hazard.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:144px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">4.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">The Violation Was Properly Characterized as Repeat</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">T</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">o establish a </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">repeat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> violation, the Secretary must also show that “at the time of the alleged repeated violation, there was a Commission final order</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>. . .<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">for a substantially similar violation.” </span>Potlatch Corp., 7 BNA OSHC<span>
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1061,</span><span><span></span>
					</span>1063<span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 16183, 1979)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. “[P]roof that</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>an employer has committed a prior violation of the same standard constitutes<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a prima facie</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>showing by the Secretary of substantially similar violations.” </span>FMC Corp., 7 BNA OSHC 1419, 1421 (No. 12311<span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 1979).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">prima facie showing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>. . .<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">may be rebutted by evidence of the disparate conditions and hazards associated with these violations</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the same standard.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Angelica Textile Servs., Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 27 BNA OSHC 1246, 1255 (No. 08-1774, 2018) (emphasis in original) (citations omitted), </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">appeal<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">dismissed as moot</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, No. 18-2831 (2d Cir. Sept. 21, 2018).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Complainant submitted evidence of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">three</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>prior violations of 1926.501(b)(13)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">two</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of which<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">were originally characterized as</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>repeat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">violations and related to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent’s failure to ensure subcontractors on residential roofing projects were<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">protecting<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">their employees.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The oldest of the three indicates a prior violation of the cited standard, but there is no other<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">information indicating the facts surrounding the violation. The Court will not consider it, nor does it need to,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">because</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent had two<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">prior violations of the cited standard<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">for substantially similar conduct</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>that were final orders of the Commission at the time of the alleged violation currently before the Court</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Ex. C-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">6)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">has presented no evidence to rebut<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">o</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">mplainant’s case of substantial similarity</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">or</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>even</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">present a colorable issue of fact regarding the issue of substantial similarity</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Accordingly</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Court finds<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the undisputed facts establish, and the law compels,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">determination that the repeat<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">characterization</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is proper.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">VI.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Penalty</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Under the Act, the Secretary has the authority to propose a penalty according to Section 17 of the Act.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 U.S.C. §§ 659(a), 666. The amount proposed, however, merely becomes</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>advisory when an employer timely contests the matter. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Brennan v. OSHRC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 487 F.2d 438, 441</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">–</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">42 (8th Cir. 1973);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Revoli</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Constr. Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 19 BNA OSHC 1682, 1686 n. 5 (No. 00-0315, 2001).</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ultimately, it is the province of the Commission to “assess all civil penalties provided in [Section 17]”, which it determines<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">de novo</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. 29 U.S.C. § 666(j);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Valdak</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Corp.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 17 BNA OSHC 1135 (No. 93-0239, 1995).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“Regarding penalty, the Act requires that “due consideration” be given to the employer</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">’</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s size, the gravity of the violation, the good faith of the employer, and any prior history of violations.”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Briones Util. Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 26 BNA OSHC 1218, 1222 (No. 10-1372, 2016) (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">citing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>29 U.S.C. § 666(j)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">These factors are not necessarily accorded equal weight.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">J.A. Jones Constr.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC 2201, 2216 (No. 87-2059, 1993) (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">citation omitted</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Rather, the Commission assigns the weight that is reasonable under the circumstances. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Eric K. Ho,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>20 BNA OSHC 1361, 1379 (No. 98-1645, 2003) (Consol.),<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff'd sub nom.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Chao v. OSHRC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 401 F.3d 355 (5th Cir. 2005).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">It is the Secretary</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">’</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s burden to introduce evidence bearing on the factors and explain how he arrived at the penalty he proposed. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Valdak</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Corp</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">., 17 BNA OSHC at 1138</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“The gravity of the violation is the ‘principal factor in a penalty determination</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Assessing gravity involves considering: (1) the number of employees exposed to the hazard; (2) the duration of exposure; (3) whether any precautions have been taken against injury; (4) the degree of probability that an accident would occur; and (5) the likelihood of injury. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>e.g.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Capform</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 19 BNA OSHC 1374, 1378 (No. 99-0322, 2001),<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; color:#000000; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 34 F. Appx. 152 (5th Cir. 2002) (unpublished). </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>The evidence introduced by Complainant and, for the most part, uncontested by Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, provides the basis for the Court’s penalty assessment.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant proposed a penalty of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">$13,260 for item 1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and $132,598 for item 2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>based on its assessment of gravity. Although<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent contends the penalty is excessive</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, it has provided no evidence to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">undermine the basis of Complainant’s assessment. There were roughly 20 to 23 individuals exposed to a hazard if you take into consideration<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">all</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the subcontractor employees observed by<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">CSHO Stark, as well as Respondent’s own employees, who admitted to never wearing fall protection.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Whether with respect to Item 1 or Item 2, employees were exposed to a hazard based on their failure to have fall protection or Respondent’s failure to uncover that fact.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">While there is no definitive evidence on the duration of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the exposure,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">it is sufficient to say Respondent’s employees have been repeatedly exposed to a hazard throughout their employment with R</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">e</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">spondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. As for the subcontractor employees, the Court cannot say with any degree of certainty how long<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">they went without fall protection; however, given the widespread nature of the violation, photographs taken after the fact illustrating</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>continued failure to properly use fall protection equipment,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">repeated<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">failure to inspect its workplace to uncover such violations,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the only reasonable inference is that</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>people under the employ of Respondent or its subcontractors have been exposed for a long time.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Further, because the problem was so widespread during CSHO Stark’s visit, the likelihood an accident would occur was substantial. When coupled with the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">cluttered nature of the roofs under construction and the fact that work occurred near leading edges and holes in the roof</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, that likelihood only increased.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">And if, indeed, one of those employees were to fall, the evidence and long line of case law indicates fall from heights over six feet can lead to serious injury and even death.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>As with the other elements of Complainant’s case, Respondent does not provide much in the way of substantive argument with respect to the issue of penalty.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">It claims, without evidentiary support that it is a small employer, notwithstanding locations in 9 U.S. states, with plans to open locations in three more.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span>www.premier-roofing.com<span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Even giving Respondent the benefit of the doubt regarding its size</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the Court finds the record, as it stands, is more than sufficient to justify the penalty proposed by the Secretary. With respect to Citation 1, Item 1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, though it was not characterized as<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">repeat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Respondent has been cited pursuant to this standard before. Further,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">as regards both cited standards, Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>literally made no attempt whatsoever at compliance</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Instead, it sought to pass off its responsibility to its subcontractors, but even<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">then</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>it still failed to ensure its subcontractors were complying with their obligations under the safety agreements required by Respondent.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">With respect to Citation<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Item<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Respondent has been cited pursuant to this standard for the same reasons</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at least three times over the previous 7 to 8 years and appears to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">have changed nothing in response. Accordingly, the Court finds the undisputed facts establish the penalties proposed by Complainant are appropriate.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">VII.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Conclusion</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">It is an unusual matter for a Court to grant<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a motion for summary judgment as to an entire case; however, when a non-moving party fails to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">properly illustrate a genuine issue of material fact, the entry of judgment is appropriate if the law compels it.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See, e.g.,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Manua’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 2018 WL 4861362 (No. 17-1208, 2018).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">this case, Respondent appears to have done everything in its power to avoid taking responsibility for the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">worksites<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">on which it contracted to perform roofing services</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Unlike<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Stormforce</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, which is<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">similar to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>this case in many way</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">made no attempt whatsoever to comply with its obligations under the Act.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See, e.g.,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">StormForce</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Docket No. 19-0593, slip. op. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">13-15.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Indeed,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">given Respondent’s violation history, this appears to be a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">recurring theme</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Regardless of whether<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">believes so or not, it is obligated to ensure the safety of both its own employees, as well as<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the employees of subcontractors on the worksites it controls.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:center; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">O</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">RDER</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The foregoing Decision constitutes the Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law in accordance with Rule 52(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Based upon the foregoing Findings of Fact and Conclus</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ions of Law, it is ORDERED that:</span></p>
			</div>
			<p style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; padding-right:20px;">1.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation 1, Item<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1 is AFFIRMED<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">as serious</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and a penalty of $13,260 is ASSESSED.</span></p>
			<p style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; padding-right:20px;">2.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Item<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>is AFFIRMED as<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">repeat, and a penalty of $132,598 is ASSESSED</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:24px; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">SO</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>ORDERED</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:22pt; font-family:Brush Script MT; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Brush Script MT; font-size:22pt; text-decoration:underline ;">
					</span><span style="font-size:22pt; font-family:Brush Script MT; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Brush Script MT; font-size:22pt; text-decoration:underline ;">/s/ Peggy S. Ball</span><span style="font-size:20pt; font-family:Brush Script MT; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Brush Script MT; font-size:20pt; text-decoration:underline ;"><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:20pt; font-family:Brush Script MT; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Brush Script MT; font-size:20pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:20pt; font-family:Brush Script MT; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Brush Script MT; font-size:20pt; text-decoration:underline ;">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Peggy S. Ball</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Judge, OSHRC</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Date:</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">August 1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">9</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 2021</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Denver, Colorado</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span></p>
			</div>
			<hr/>"
      <div>
				<p>
					<a name="ftn-1" href="#ftnref-1"></a> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p>
					<a name="ftn0" href="#ftnref0"></a> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p>
					<a name="ftn1" href="#ftnref1"></a> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn2" href="#ftnref2"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">1 </span></a>.<span>
					</span>The Court will refer to the exhibits submitted in support of both motions for summary judgment based on the labels applied to them by the parties.<span>
					</span>Complainant’s exhibits are labeled sequentially C-1 through C-19, and Respondent’s have been identified by Binder Number.<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn3" href="#ftnref3"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">2 </span></a>. Again, as noted above, this was necessary because the Court, in addition to finding the<span>
					</span>aforementioned disputes<span><span></span>
					</span>of material fact,<span><span></span>
					</span>reserved ruling on some elements of the 5(a)(2)<span>
					</span>violations.<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn4" href="#ftnref4"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">3 </span></a>.<span>
					</span>According to Respondent’s website,<span>
					</span>Premier Roofing performs work<span>
					</span>throughout the<span><span></span>
					</span>Midwest and Mountain West.<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span>www.premier-roofing.com.<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn5" href="#ftnref5"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">4 </span></a>. As noted in the Commission’s own rules, “The provisions of Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 56 apply to motions for summary judgment.”<span>
					</span>29 C.F.R. § 2200.40(j).<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn6" href="#ftnref6"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">5 </span></a>. Though, as will be discussed later, there was a stark difference between<span>
					</span>what Respondent’s paperwork and policies represented and what Respondent<span>
					</span>actually<span>
					</span>did<span><span></span>
					</span>at the worksite.<span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn7" href="#ftnref7"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">6 </span></a>. The job descriptions of project managers and project coordinators reflect this understanding of oversight and control. (Ex. C-14, C-15).<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn8" href="#ftnref8"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">7 </span></a>. According to Respondent,<span>
					</span>it did not need to provide fall protection while Thiede, Comstock, and Maddox were performing inspections of the roofs due to the exception provided for in<span>
					</span>29 C.F.R. § 1926.500(a)(1). As will be discussed later, this is a misreading of the exception.<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText ">
					<a name="ftn9" href="#ftnref9"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">8 </span></a>. Respondent’s representative also claims Respondent’s representation to CSHO Stark that the roofs were less than 4:12, and CSHO Stark’s continued inspection, somehow<span>
					</span>render CSHO Stark’s subsequent inspection invalid. This argument makes no sense, as CSHO Stark is under no obligation to accept Respondent’s representations at face value, especially when their safety consultant has improperly interpreted the governing regulation.<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText ">
					<a name="ftn10" href="#ftnref10"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">9 </span></a>. <span><span></span>
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">Presumably, Respondent means<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">Michael<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">Comstock,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">the project coordinator CSHO Stark<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">was directed to by the roofers,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">though it never specifically identifies him as such.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText ">
					<a name="ftn11" href="#ftnref11"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">10 </span></a>. Respondent interchangeably refers to itself and to M&M as the “Prime Contractor”, as if such a title carries legal significance. The Court is only concerned with whether Respondent had the authority to control the worksite and whether, in the context of safety, it exercised that control.<span>
					</span>Whether it is the prime, general, or just plain old contractor, the key question is control.<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText ">
					<a name="ftn12" href="#ftnref12"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">11 </span></a>. Though Respondent claims it could not control the interloper contractors,<span>
					</span>its<span><span></span>
					</span>assumption of authority over worksite safety and the execution of the job indicates<span><span></span>
					</span>otherwise. Further,<span>
					</span>Respondent’s safety documents<span>
					</span>repeatedly use the work “crews” in the plural, as if to indicate its recognition that multiple subcontractors may participate in the construction of the roof. (Ex. C-3).<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText ">
					<a name="ftn13" href="#ftnref13"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; ">12 </span></a>. The Court sees no need to<span>
					</span>re-address Respondent’s affirmative defense<span>
					</span>at this point since the Court dealt with in the section above discussing<span><span></span>
					</span>Respondent’s disputes.<span>
					</span></p>
			</div></div></body>
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