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				<p style="text-align:center; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">United States of America</span></p>
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				<p style="text-align:center; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION</span></p>
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							<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">SECRETARY OF LABOR</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
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								</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainan</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">t,</span></p>
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							<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> v. </span></p>
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							<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">RAYMOND – SAN DIEGO</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
									</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">INC.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span></p>
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								</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent.</span></p>
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				<p style="text-align:center; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">OSHRC Docket No</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">21</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">0505</span></p>
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				<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Appearances:</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-left:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Luis A. Garcia</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Esq</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Department of Labor, Office of Solicitor,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">San Francisco</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">California</span></p>
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				<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">For Complainant</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-left:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">David W. Donnell, Esq.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Donnell, Melgoza & Scates, LLP,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Rocklin, California</span></p>
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				<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">F</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">or Respondent</span></p>
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				<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Be</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">fore: </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Judge<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Christopher D. Helms</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">– U.S. Administrative Law Judge</span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:center; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">DECISION AND ORDER</span></p>
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				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">I.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Procedural History</span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Early in the morning o</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">f</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>December 7, 2020</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>in Cathedral City, California,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>four employees of Respondent, Raymond</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>– S</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">an Diego</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Inc. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Raymond”),</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">were<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">tasked</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to paint a large, heavy gate (“Gate”) that had been installed to control access to a loading dock</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>area</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at the Agua Caliente Casino (“Casino”)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>which is owned and operated by the Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians (“Tribe”), a federally recognized Native American Tribe.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref2" href="#ftn2">1</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Stipulation Statement</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">¶¶</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(1)-(3), (11), (17); Tr. 168; Ex. C-44, at 19-20;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">D-4</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref3" href="#ftn3">2</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). The Gate was compose</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of two panels</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>a “</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">N</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">orth<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">P</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">anel” and a “</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">S</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">outh<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">P</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">anel</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref4" href="#ftn4">3</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>each measuring<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">approximately 25 feet wide by 9.5 feet tall</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and weighing approximately 3,000 pounds. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶ A(9) & (10); Tr. 168</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-44, at 19-20;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">D-4</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>The Raymond crew intended to start by painting the South Panel. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 490, 502</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). To do so, the South Panel needed to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">fully slide</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">out<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">along a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>pre-installed</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">r</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ack from a “cubby” area where both Gate panels<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">could be</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>stored when the Gate was not in use. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(23); Tr. 392-93, 410</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 532-33, 636</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; Ex. C-2, at 12, 13</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Three of the Raymond employees</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>tasked with painting the gate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>began to slide the South Panel out along its track. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(24);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-38, at 2:42; C-39, at 0:27</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Unbeknownst to anyone at Raymond, the Gate, which had been installed by another subcontractor, was not yet fully functional. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶ A(6)-(9), (26);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 311-12, 461, 493-95, 554, 703, 751-52;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-12, at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">4; C-13, at 6;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-44, at 33-34, 38</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Ultimately, the Gate was<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">going<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to be motorized and would operate in such a way that both panels would roll along their tracks simultaneously. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 313-15;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-2, at 24-26, C-44, at 20-21, 33-34, 65; Ex. D-5</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). However, on December 7, 2020,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>motor had</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>not</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>yet been installed. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">26</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; Ex. C-44,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">33-34</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">When</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the Raymond crew began sliding the South Panel out</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>it passed a “roller guide” attached to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the top of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">North Panel, which had been keeping the South Panel of the Gate upright. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 65</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">66, 434-36;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-2,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">12 & 13; C-44,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>31-33, 74-76, 79;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">D-16,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1, 2, 6, 10</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Once the South Panel passed this roller guide, it immediately fell over. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(24) & (25);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">38, at 2:51</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to 2:</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">53; C-39, at 0:41</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to 0:</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">43</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). One of Raymond’s employees was crushed by the South Panel as it fell and died as a result of his injuries. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">24) & (25);</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Tr. 116-17;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-4,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-11, at 3; C-12, at 3; C-13, at 3 & 4;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">34, C-35</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In response to the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employee</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">death</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">sent Compliance Safety and Health Officer (“CSHO”) Mark Do</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">n</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nald to conduct an</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inspection of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">work</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">site<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">th</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">e</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>same da</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">y</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As a result of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the CSHO’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">inspection, the Secretary of Labor (“Secretary”) issued<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>two-item, serious</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Citation and Notification of Penalty (“Citation”)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>May 12, 2021</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Item 1 of the Citation alleged a serious violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(b)(2) for failing to initiate and maintain programs of frequent and regular inspections of the worksite, materials, and equipment by a competent person. Item 2 of the Citation alleged a serious violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1926.21(b)(2) for failing to instruct employees in the recognition and avoidance of unsafe conditions and the regulations applicable to the work environment to control<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">eliminate hazards or other exposure to illness or injury. The Citation proposed a total penalty of $19,114 for the two violations.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">On May 13, 2021, Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>filed a timely notice of contest bringing the matter before the Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Commission</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; position:relative;font-size:0.58em; bottom: 1ex;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref5" href="#ftn5">4</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The matter was<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">designated for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Conventional</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Proceedings by the Chief Administrative Law Judge and assigned to this Court on<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">June 21, 2021</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. A trial was held on<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">February 1-3, 2022</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, via videoconference</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The following individuals testified</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at trial</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">: (1)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">CSHO Donnald</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; (2)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Alfredo Sanchez, a foreman for Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; (3)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">James Charpentier, a superintendent for Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(4)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Brett Michael, another foreman for Respondent. Additionally, deposition testimony was submitted for Ricardo Sotelo, the owner of No Limit Steel (“NLS”), the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">sub</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">contractor that had installed the Gate.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Both parties submitted timely post-trial briefs.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref6" href="#ftn6">5</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Pursuant to Commission Rule 90, after hearing and carefully considering all the evidence and the arguments of counsel, the Court issues this Decision and Order as its findings of fact and conclusions of law. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">For the reasons discussed,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">both Citation items are VACATED</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-1.27cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">II.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Stipulations</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; "><span><span></span>
					</span>& Jurisdiction</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The parties<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">stipulated to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">various facts,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">applicable law, and</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Commission’s jurisdiction over this proceeding</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref7" href="#ftn7">6</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(filed Feb. 2, 2022)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref8" href="#ftn8">7</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Based on the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Joint</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">S</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">tipulation</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Statement</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and the trial record,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the Court finds<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Commission has jurisdiction over th</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>action<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">pursuant to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ection 10(c) of the Act</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 29 U.S.C.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">§<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">659(c).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(4).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Further, the Court obtained jurisdiction over this matter under section 10(c) of the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Occupational Safety and Health</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Act</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(“Act</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>upon Respondent’s timely filing of a notice of contest. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 U.S.C. § 659(c)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">B(34) & (35).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">T</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he Court<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">finds Respondent was an employer engaged in a business and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">industry affecting interstate commerce within the meaning of section</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">3(3) and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">3(5) of the Act,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 U.S.C. §§ 652(3), (5)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Slingluff v. OSHRC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 425 F.3d 861 (10th Cir. 2005) (in the aggregate, construction is an industry affecting interstate commerce sufficient to confer coverage under the Act).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">III.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Factual Background</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; "><a name="ftnref9" href="#ftn9">8</a></span></p>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:72px; text-indent:1.27cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; ">
				<span style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">A.</span><span style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">Raymond & the Agua Caliente Casino Project</span></p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Raymond</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is a company working in the construction industry, generally performing plastering, fireproofing,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>waterproofing,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and painting services</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, as well as other services involved in new construction</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(16);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 439, 559-60, 620-21</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 774</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In February</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of 2020, Raymond subcontracted<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">with</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>general contractor PENTA Building Group, LLC (“PENTA”) to provide its services at the Casino worksite. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">¶</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(15) &<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(16)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 377;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-14</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, C-3</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-1</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref10" href="#ftn10">9</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Raymond started work on the Casino project performing plastering and fireproofing and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at one point<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">had as many as<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ninety</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>employees working at the Casino worksite. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 640</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">However, b</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">y the date of the accident leading to the issuance of the Citation, i.e., December 7, 2020, Raymond’s work at the Casino worksite</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was winding<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">down</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>mainly consist</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ing</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of painting exterior fixtures</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and only about<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">eleven</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Raymond</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>employees were<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">onsite</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 230,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">265-68, 319-21, 378, 459, 477-78, 546,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">640</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-41</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 646</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; Ex. C-14</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:72px; text-indent:1.27cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; ">
				<span style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">B.</span><span style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">Installation of the Gate</span></p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:0; orphans:0; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">PENTA had contracted with another subcontractor, NLS, to install the Gate to control access to the loading dock area of the Casino. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶ (6), (8);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-23, C-44, at</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">11</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). The<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Gate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was composed</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of two large, heavy panels: </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>North Panel and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">South Panel.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref11" href="#ftn11">10</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(9) & (10);</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Tr 168-69;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-2, at 2-4, 12-14;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">D-4</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">NLS started installing</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the Gate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">on November 20, 2020,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and partially completed the installation on</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>November 21, 2020. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 166, 305, 622-24, 753-54;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-28, C-36,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-44, at 39-40, 44-46,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>65;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. D-10 to D-12</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A fuller explanation of the orientation of the Gate panels is necessary to understand how the accident leading to the issuance of the Citation occurred.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Each panel</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>had wheels on the bottom, which<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ran along<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">track</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>upon which the panel</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>could be moved. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(9), (14), (31); Tr. 63-65, 70, 152, 641-42, 670;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-2, at 8, 9, 20, 21; C-37</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; C-44, at 44-45;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Ex.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>D-11</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). The tracks</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>extended across</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the loading dock entra</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">n</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ce</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to a nearby wall, which was intended to be the Gate’s endpoint when fully extended. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(14); Tr. 64-65, 67-69;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex. C-2</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, at 10, 15-17</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). The two panels could be stored “side-by-side in a gap between two masonry block walls on the east side of the loading dock entrance</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref12" href="#ftn12">11</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(13);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex. C-2, at 12, 13, 25-28).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Attached to the top of the North Panel was a roller guide</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">which<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was the sole support for keeping the</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>South Panel</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>upright</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(10);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 65-66, 73-75, 77</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-2, at 12, 13, 27, 28, 31, 32, 36; C</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">44, at 31-33; Ex. D-4</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Thus, as demonstrated by the fatal accident in this case, if the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">South Panel</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was pulled beyond the roller guide</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>attached to the top of the</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>North Panel,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the South Panel</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>would immediately fall over due to its enormous weight. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(10);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 65-66, 434-36;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-2, at 12 & 13; C-38, at 2:51 to 2:53; C-39 at 0:41 to 0:43; C-44, at 31-33, 74-76, 79;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">D-16, at 1, 2, 6, 10</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">T</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he Gate was</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ultimately<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">intended to</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>be<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">operated electr</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">onically</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>with the installation of a</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">n electric</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>motor, chain</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, keypad, and safety loops.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref13" href="#ftn13">12</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(26);</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Tr. 70-72, 194-96, 311-12</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-2, at 22-25;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-26, C-44, at 19, 33-34, 43-44, 65-68;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">D-14).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The installation of these items, the motor and chain</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>particularly, would have allowed the Gate to fully extend across the loading dock entrance in a safe manner</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref14" href="#ftn14">13</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 311-315</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). However, despite several assurances<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to NLS<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">from PENTA that it would install the necessary electrical conduits to</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>properly</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>motorize the Gate, PENTA never did so. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex. C-44, at 26-29, 33-34, 39-40,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>65-68,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>81, 83;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. D-7, D-10</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, D</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">14</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:11pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Nonetheless, in order to ensure that the Casino could open<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to the public<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">on Thanksgiving weekend, NLS was directed to partially install the Gate without being able to also install the motor,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>chains,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>keypad, and safety loops necessary to make the Gate fully functional as intended. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex. C</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">44, at 42-46</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Because PENTA<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">had not yet installed the</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>concrete</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>“slab” upon which the motor was intended to rest, NLS simply left unattached wiring at the end of the cubby</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>area</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, near the far end of the North Panel.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref15" href="#ftn15">14</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 71-73;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-2, at 23-26; C-44, at 28-29, 78;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">D-7</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>D</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">16, at 5</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As NLS left the Gate on November 21, and as it remained until December 7,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">South Panel of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Gate could be<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">moved</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>manually</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">out of</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the cubby<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">approximately 10 to 15 feet without<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">falling over</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(31);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 152,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">222-24,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">641-42, 670, 703-04, 763</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">However, due to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">its</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>lack of motorization</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the Gate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">could not be fully extended safely unless it was done in a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“staggered fashion”</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>so that the South Panel was never pulled beyond the roller guide attached to the North Panel.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref16" href="#ftn16">15</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 171-76,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">224,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">311-15;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-37, C-44, at 57</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">NLS fully extended the Gate in this</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>staggered</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>fashion once</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on November 21, 2020</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 175;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-28,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-37, C-44, at 57-58</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Although<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Raymond foreman Brett<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Michael saw the Gate fully extended on this date, he saw it after it had already been extended and did not observe the process by which it had been accomplished</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>safely</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(12);</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 625-28, 754-58, 770; Ex. C-28</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Likewise, no one from Raymond observed<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the process by which<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">NLS retract</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ed</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the Gate back into the cubby before leaving the Casino worksite</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on November 21</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Tr. 634-36).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Prior to painting the Gate, Raymond<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employees<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">had been painting other fixtures in the loading dock area, such as handrails</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, for a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">few</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>weeks</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 318-19, 324-26, 377-78</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 650-51</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; Ex. C-18</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> The North Panel, so far as can be discerned from the trial record, was left in the cubby area by NLS when it left the Casino site on<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">November 21,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2020,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was not pulled out again at any point while Raymond was working</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>in</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the loading dock area.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref17" href="#ftn17">16</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (Ex. C-44, at 60-61).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">However, o</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">n multiple occasions</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>while working in the loading dock area</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Raymond employees found the South Panel of the Gate partially extended out from the cubby area, approximately ten to fifteen feet. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(31); Tr. 670, 687-88, 755-56, 763</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). On<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">certain</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>occasions<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">when this occurred</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Raymond employees manually moved the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">South Panel</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>back into the cubby area to accommodate delivery<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">traffic<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">entering</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the loading dock area. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(31); Tr. 152, 222-24, 641-42, 670, 763</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). However, no one from Raymond ever fully extended the Gate during this time</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>or observed it fully extended</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 224, 457-58</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Neither</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>PENTA nor NLS “provide[d] Raymond any instructions on how to move or extend the panels ... of the Gate,” nor did Raymond inquire as to such instructions. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">27</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Until the date of the accident, “the Gate was not chained, blocked or otherwise prevented from being extended westward out of its pocket [i.e., the cubby], and no warning signs or physical barriers prevent[</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ing</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">] movement had been placed on the [G]ate.” (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(30)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; Tr. 68, 723-24, 753</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Although Sotelo may have made a passing comment to PENTA Superintendent Seth Sherrod<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in the vein of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“Don’t touch the gate, cause the gate has to open and close in a certain way</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,” this admonition was never relayed to anyone at Raymond, nor did Sotelo tell anyone directly at Raymond not to touch<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">or move<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">G</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ate.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref18" href="#ftn18">17</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶ A(27) & (28); Tr. 407, 496, 554, 632-34; Ex. C-44, at 58</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:72px; text-indent:1.27cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; ">
				<span style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">C.</span><span style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">Loading<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">Dock Painting</span></p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In the week prior to the accident, November 30 to December 4,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>2020,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Raymond was<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nearly</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>finished with its work at the Casino site</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; indeed, the only work Raymond had left to do was finish painting some exterior fixture</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s in<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the loading dock area</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">including<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Gate. </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 265-68, 319-21, 378, 459, 477-78, 546, 640-41, 646; Ex. C-14</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Approximately<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">eleven</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Raymond employees were onsite during this week. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 230, 641</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Of these<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">remaining Raymond<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employees, four were<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">assigned to</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Gate when the accident occurred</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and thus are relevant for purposes of this<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">case</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">: Michael, the foreman of the crew<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">eventually<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">tasked with painting the Gate;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Charpentier, the site superintendent and Michael’s direct supervisor;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Sanchez, another foreman; and [redacted].</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref19" href="#ftn19">18</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶ A(20) & (21); Tr. 375-76, 438-39, 469-70</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 621-22;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-11 to C-13</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Charpentier, Michael, and Sanchez were all designated by Raymond as competent persons for purposes of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">painting activities</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">occurring</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>in the loading dock area</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref20" href="#ftn20">19</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 146, 380-81, 470-72, 558, 621-22</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Each morning,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Michael and Sanchez would conduct a safety meeting at a Conex, a shipping container housing Raymond’s tools and supplies, which was located approximately 500<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">feet<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">from the loading dock area and the Gate.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref21" href="#ftn21">20</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 107-08, 384, 473, 775-79;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-16, C-17</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Michael and Sanchez<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">addressed potential</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>hazards<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">first by filling out</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>two forms. The first such form was a Job Specific Safety Plan and JHA [Job Hazard Analysis], which was required to be completed under Raymond’s internal safety policies. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 339-45, 387-90,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>657-58, 661,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>775-78;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-16</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, C-3</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-3</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">76, 102</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). The second such form was<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>two-sided Daily Site Inspection/Daily Huddle</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">form that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">PENTA required Raymond to complete</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 147-49, 365-66, 383-84, 661; Ex. C-17</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Both forms were designed to detail the hazards associated with the day’s tasks as well as methods<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="page-break-before:page; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:0cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to address those hazards.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref22" href="#ftn22">21</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 339-45,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>347,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>387-90</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 443-44, 519-21, 657-58, 775-78</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-16 & C-17</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> During the morning safety meeting, Michael<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and/or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Sanchez</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, often with Charpentier present,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>would discuss the information in both forms with the Raymond crewmembers working that day. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 383-87, 443-44, 519-21, 659-60, 725-26</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:72px; text-indent:1.27cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; ">
				<span style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">D.</span><span style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">Prep Work for Painting the Gate</span></p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In the week preceding the accident, Charpentier and Michael decided<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>begin painting the Gate the following Monday</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>i.e., December 7, 2020. (Tr. 488).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">On December 3, 2020, Michael and Sanchez went to the Gate to inspect it,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">determine what materials and equipment would be necessary to start painting the Gate the following Monday, and to assess any safety hazards that might be associated with painting the Gate.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref23" href="#ftn23">22</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(19); Tr. 225, 364, 390-91, 444-45, 460, 489-90, 542-43, 680-82, 764-66). Because th</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">e foremen</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>planned to start by painting the South Panel only, the scope of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">their</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inspection was limited to where the South Panel started and did not include a thorough inspection of the cubby area where the wiring for the electrical motor had been left by NLS. (Tr. 396-97, 460-61, 682-83, 694-96; Ex. C-2, at 24-26). This inspection took approximately ten minutes. (Tr. 511, 696). </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Regarding</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>safety hazards, Michael and Sanchez noted that the South Panel was large and heavy, requiring several crewmembers to move, and that it should be moved slowly to avoid pinching hazards. (Tr. 434, 508</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>543, 683, 707, 717, 791; Ex. C-17). They also noted that vehicle traffic into and out of the loading dock could pose a safety<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">hazard. (Tr. 490, 683-84, 718; Ex. C-17). They further noted the South Panel had sharp edges, thereby requiring gloves to safely move. (Tr. 489-90, 508, 543, 683, 717; Ex. C-17). Other than these identified possible hazards, Michael and Sanchez found the Gate to be “normal” and “just a regular gate.” (Tr. 390, 395-96, 445). Michael briefly inspected the Gate again on December 4 while working in the loading dock area. (Tr. 708, 783).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Sometime during the week before the accident, Michael and Albert<span>
					</span>Ros, a PENTA superintendent,<span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref24" href="#ftn24">23</a></span><span><span></span>
					</span>walked the loading dock area, during which time<span><span></span>
					</span>Ros<span><span></span>
					</span>was informed that Raymond intended on painting the Gate<span>
					</span>during<span>
					</span>the coming week. (Tr. 555-58, 771-72). <span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">On December 4, 2020,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Charpentier<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">sent an email to four supervisors</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>from PENTA<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">alerting them<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">of Raymond’s intention</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for the Gate</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and received the following response from an individual named Mario Trujillo</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, a</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nother</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>PENTA superintendent</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">: “Thank you! We will get started on these disruption notices now.”</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref25" href="#ftn25">24</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex. C-18</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">fter<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">this email, n</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">o one from Raymond had any further correspondence with<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">PENTA<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">about</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>painting the Gate</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>received no instruction from anyone at PENTA<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">about moving or</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>painting the Gate</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and made no inquiries to PENTA regarding<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">moving or</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>painting the Gate</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(27)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">&</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(29);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 406-07, 458, 503, 506, 585-86</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 697,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>751</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Moreover, n</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">o one from Raymond had any correspondence with NLS prior to painting the Gate,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and Raymond received no instructions from NLS “on how to move and extend the panels or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">leafs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>[sic] of the Gate.” </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶ A(28) & (29);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 408, 458, 503, 506, 751)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:72px; text-indent:1.27cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; ">
				<span style="font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">E.</span><span style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">The Accident</span></p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:0; orphans:0; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">On December 7, 2020, the date of the accident, the Raymond crew arrived at the Casino worksite at approximately 5 a.m. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 378-79, 415, 523, 651;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-11, at 5; C-13, at 7</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Michael and Sanchez conducted a safety meeting<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at the Conex<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">shortly after the crew’s arrival, incorporating what they had learned from inspecting the Gate the week prior. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(22);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">387-90, 403</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">06,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">446-47,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">462-63,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">501-02,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">543-45,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>653-55,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>765</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-16, at 22-23</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref26" href="#ftn26">25</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-17</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">This safety meeting lasted approximately ten minutes. (Tr. 387, 477, 501, 729). </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">At this safety meeting, “there was no discussion between Foreman Michael and the members of the crew on how to move and extend the panels or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">leafs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>[sic] of the Gate” but “the crew’s plan ... was to manually pull the two panels of the Gate out from the [the cubby area] and extend them toward the west, so the crew could access both sides of the Gate’s panels.” (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(22) & (23)). After the safety meeting,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Michael, Sanchez, Charpentier, and [redacted] walked over to the Gate to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">move the South Panel out of the cubby and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">prepare<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">it</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for painting. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 730</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-11, at 3</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-12, at 3</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-13, at 3</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">38, at 0:00 to 2:12</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">After the four Raymond employees arrived at the loading dock area,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Sanchez</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>did another<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">short, walkaround</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inspection of the Gate and found it to be in generally the same position<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and condition as<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>had observed</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>during<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">his</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inspection</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the week before. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 408-11, 545-46, 570-71, 737-38, 745-47, 794;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-38, at 2:24 to 2:39; C-39, at 0:07 to 0:22</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Finding no obvious hazard<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="page-break-before:page; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:0cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in doing so, three of the four crewmembers</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Michael, Sanchez, and [redacted]</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref27" href="#ftn27">26</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>started pulling out the South Panel of the Gate to be painted. </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Tr. 493-95, 723, 766, 795-96</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-11, at 3</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">12, at 3</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-13, at 3</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-38, at 2:43; C-39, at 0:26</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). The<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">crew slid the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">South Pan</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">el</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for approximately fifteen seconds before it passed the roller guide attached to the North Panel. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex. C-39, at 0:26 to 0:41</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Because the roller guide</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on the North Panel</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was the only physical restraint keeping the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">South Panel upright, the South Panel fell outwards</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>from the loading dock area</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>immediately upon clearing the roller guide. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 65-66, 434-36;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-2, at 12 & 13; C-38, at 2:51 to 2:53; C-39 at 0:41 to 0:43; C-44, at 31-33, 74-76, 79;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">D-16, at 1, 2, 6, 10</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Sanchez and Michael were able to move out from under the Panel without getting caught</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>in its fall</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref28" href="#ftn28">27</a></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>however,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[redacted]<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was crushed by the South Panel as it fell. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶ A(24) & (25);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 116</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">17,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>376;</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-3, C-4, C-11 to C-13, C-34, C-35,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">38, at 2:51-53; C-39, at 0:41-43)</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Although the</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>remaining members of the</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Raymond crew, in conjunction with other workers that were nearby, were able to extract [redacted] from under the</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>South</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Panel</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, he was pronounced dead at the scene. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶ A(24) & (25);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 116-17,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-3,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">4,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-11 to C-13,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">34,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">35</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:72px; text-indent:1.27cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; ">
				<span style="font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">F.</span><span style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">Inspection & Citation</span></p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[redacted]’s death was reported to OSHA, which sent CSHO Donnald to investigate the same day. (</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(32);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 56-57</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). CSHO Donnald arrived at the Casino site</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">conducted an opening conference, inspected the site of the accident, took photographs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>conducted interviews with employees<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">from</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Raymond, PENTA, and NLS</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 57-60, 78, 111-12, 121</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-1 to C-6,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C-11 to C-14</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>CSHO<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ultimately concluded that Respondent had failed to adequately inspect the Gate prior to moving it on December 7<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in violation of 29 C.F.R. §</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1926.20(b)(2)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and further</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>concluded Respondent</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>failed to instruct its crew on how to open the Gate safely in violation of </span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">§ 1926.</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">21(b)(2).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (Tr. 237-50;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-8 & C-9).</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Based on the CSHO’s inspection, on May 12, 2021, OSHA issued the Citation to Respondent, alleging serious violations of both standards and proposing a penalty of $9,557 for each violation</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, with</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>a total proposed penalty of $19,114. </span></p>
			</div>
			<p style="margin-left:72px; text-indent:-1.27cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">IV.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Discussion</span></p>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:96px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:72px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">A.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">Law Applicable to Alleged Violations</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">To</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>establish a violation of a safety standard under the Act,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Secretary</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>must prove by a preponderance of the evidence: (1) the cited standard applies; (2) the employer failed to comply with the terms of that standard; (3)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employees had access to the hazardous condition covered by the standard; and (4)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the employer knew, or with the exercise of reasonable diligence could have known, of the violative condition. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">At</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">l.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Battery Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 2131, 2138 (No. 90-1747, 1994);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Sal Masonry Contractors, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC 1609</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 1610</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 87-2007, 1992)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Ormet</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Corp.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 14 BNA OSHC 2134</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 2135</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 85-531, 1991)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Secretary</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>has the burden of establishing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>each element by a preponderance of the evidence.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See Hartford Roofing Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 17 BNA OSHC 1361</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 1365</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 92-3855, 1995). “Preponderance of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">E</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">vidence” has been defined as:<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:53.733px; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The greater weight of the evidence, not necessarily established by the greater number of witnesses testifying to a fact<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">but by evidence that has the most convincing force</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; superior evidentiary weight that, though not sufficient to free the mind wholly from all reasonable doubt, is still sufficient to incline a fair and impartial mind to one side of the issue rather than the other.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:53.733px; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Preponderance of the Evidence</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Black’</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s Law Dictionary</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">th ed. 201</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">9</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="page-break-before:page; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">1.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Citation 1, Item<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">1</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Item 1 of the Citation alleged a serious violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(b)(2), which states:</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>“Such programs [as required by 29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(b)(1) to comply with this part] shall provide for frequent and regular inspections of the job sites, materials, and equipment to be made by competent persons designated by the employers.”</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Secretary</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>alleged<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>serious violation of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(b)(2)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">as follows:<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">CFR 1926.20(b)(2)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">: </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The employer did not initiate and maintain programs which provided for frequent and regular inspections of the job site, materials and equipment to be made by competent person(s):</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-2.381cm; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ague Caliente Casino: On and before 12/07/2020, the employer did not conduct inspections of the rolling gate on the Northeast loading dock, exposing employees to struck by and crush by hazards.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:90px; text-indent:-2.381cm; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at 6</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:90px; text-indent:-2.381cm; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-weight:normal; padding-right:20px;">a.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">The Standard<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Applies<span>
					</span></span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The parties have stipulated</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and the record supports,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that 29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(b)(1) applied to Respondent’s painting activities at the Casino worksite. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ B(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">3</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(a) (subpart applies to “construction, alteration, and/or repair, including painting and decorating ...”);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">E.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Smalis</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Painting Co., Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 22 BNA OSHC 1553,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1555</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 94-1979, 2009) (employer cited under construction standard for removing paint and repainting a bridge).</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-weight:normal; padding-right:20px;">b.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Secretary Failed to Establish<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Noncompliance</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent makes a preliminary<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">challenge to t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he noncompliance</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>element of the Secretary’s prima facie case. Respondent argues that the Citation “specifically alleges that Raymond ‘did not conduct inspections of the rolling gate’” and that the CSHO’s testimony confirms that Item 1 of the Citation was based on his personal belief that Raymond did not conduct<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">any<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">inspections of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Gate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Resp’t’s Br. 9. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent goes on to argue that, because the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">evidence produced at trial “clearly established that the specific allegation in Item 1 [of the Citation] was erroneous,” the Secretary has failed to establish this element of his case. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>The Court does not read the allegations in the Citation nearly as narrowly as Respondent. The first paragraph of Item 1 clearly alleges a lack of “frequent and regular inspection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,” and the second paragraph likewise alleges a lack of “inspection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">” on or before the date of the accident as a basis for the violation. Citation 6. As the Court discusses below, under the cited standard the frequency (or lack thereof) of inspections can potentially be a violation<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">of</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the standard. The Court therefore finds the Citation has alleged the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nature of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">violation with sufficient particularity. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 U.S.C. § 658(a) (a citation must “describe with particularity the nature of the violation”);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Asarco, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 8 BNA OSHC 2156, 2162</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">79-6850, 1980) (consolidated)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(“In a proceeding under the Act, an employer is given notice of the charge and the relief requested by a citation ....”). The CSHO’s more narrow understanding of the basis for the violation, i.e., lack of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">any<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">inspection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on the Gate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, is not binding on either the Secretary or the Court. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Kaspar Wire Works, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 268 F.3d 1123, 1128 (D.C. Cir. 2001) (“the Commission is not bound by the representations or interpretations of OSHA Compliance Officers.”)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Jim Boyd</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Constr.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 26 BNA OSHC 1109,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>1113</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">n.6</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(No. 11-2559, 2016)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Under 29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(b)(2), an employer is required to maintain a program of regular and frequent inspections that a reasonably prudent employer in its position would maintain to ensure detection of hazards, including<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">safety<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">measures for any specific hazards of which the employer is aware. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See W.G. Fairfield Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 19<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">BNA OSHC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>1233</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1235<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(No. 99-0344</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 2000)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 285 F.3d 499 (6th Cir. 2002)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">J.A. Jones Constr. Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC 2201,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2205-06</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 87-2059, 1993). Although the standard does not define “regular” or “frequent,” the Commission has given “regular” its ordinary meaning of “</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">consistent or habitual in action” or “recurring at set<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">times” and “frequent” to be based on how often “a reasonable person familiar with the size of the worksite and the magnitude of the ongoing construction activity would understand ... inspections would have to be conducted to keep track of safety hazards at the site.” </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">J.A. Jones Constr. Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2206-07</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Moreover,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">because 29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(b)(2) “does not specify the means for compliance with its terms, due process requires that the Secretary present evidence showing a feasible method by which the employer can satisfy the standard.”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">J.A</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">. Jones</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Constr.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2207</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, citing<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Granite City Terminals Corp.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 12 BNA OSHC 1741, 1745-46 & n.11 (No. 83-882-S, 1986).</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">On the issue of noncompliance with the standard,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Secretary argues that Raymond knew painting the Gate would be part of its work at the Casino worksite and knew from handling the Gate on multiple occasions that the Gate was large and heavy. (Sec’y’s Br. 18). Although Michael and Sanchez inspected the Gate on December 3, 2020, they did not inspect the cubby area where the exposed wires<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">w</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ould have clearly been seen, did not observe the roller guides on the North Panel which were keeping the South Panel upright, and did not inquire as to “safety catches” for when the North Panel would be fully extended. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 19). Given the relative experience levels of Charpentier, Michael, and Sanchez, Raymond’s designated competent persons,</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref29" href="#ftn29">28</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>“it is incredulous to believe ... that the Gate was meant by PENTA to remain in an unmotorized, incomplete state</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">” and Raymond’s competent persons should have recognized this fact. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 19</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">20). Although Michael and Sanchez inspected the Gate on December 3, 2020, this does not<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">constitute “frequent and regular” inspections of the Gate in compliance with the standard. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 20-21). Moreover, this inspection was insufficient to detect the hazards associated with the Gate because it did not cover the cubby area where the exposed wiring was housed and failed to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">detect that the roller guide was keeping the South Panel upright. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 20-22). After inspecting the Gate on December 3, Michael and Sanchez “should have made inquiries to PENTA or [NLS] about the Gate’s roller guides, safety latches, or general safety features to address the potential hazards associated with moving the panels, given the Gate’s obvious uncompleted condition.” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 22). Because the foremen’s inspection failed to detect a “recognizable hazard,” Raymond violated the standard. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>In relevant part,</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref30" href="#ftn30">29</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Respondent argues that Michael and Sanchez clearly inspected the Gate on December 3</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, detected several hazards associated with the task of painting the Gate,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and inform</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ed</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the crew of the hazards they detected on the morning of December 7, 2020. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Resp’t’s Br. 11-12). Respondent also argues that the video evidence demonstrates that another quick walkaround inspection was conducted on the morning of December 7, which revealed that the condition of the Gate had not changed since it was last inspected. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 12). Respondent further argues that the CSHO’s inspection was limited to any inspections its employees had conducted on the Gate and failed to account for whether Respondent had conducted frequent and regular inspections for all its activities at the Casino worksite. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 13-14). Finally, Respondent argues that “failure of an employer to identify one particular hazard at a vast construction site over a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">period exceeding 11 months would not establish that the employer failed to conduct regular and frequent inspections at the site.” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at 14).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>The Court<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">finds</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>that the Secretary has</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>not</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>established noncompliance with the standard</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>by a preponderance of the evidence</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Secretary does not materially contest that Raymond had a policy in place</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>which required its employees</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to conduct<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">daily inspections of jobsites and complete a JHA form</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>which detailed any identified safety hazards and methods to address those hazards</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 339-45, 387-90, 657-58, 661, 775-78;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-16,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-32-3, at 76, 102). </span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Court finds this satisfies the “regular” element of the standard because it was “consistent or habitual in action”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>pursuant to Raymond’s written safety policy concerning worksite inspections.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">J.A. Jones Constr. Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at 2206-07</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">cf. also David Weekley Homes</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 19<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1116</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1117-18</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">No. 96-0898,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>2000) (finding compliance with the standard where safety inspections were conducted pursuant to a written safety manual);</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Altor, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, No. 99-0958, 2002 WL 171642, at *36 (O.S.H.R.C.A.L.J.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Feb. 1, 2002) (relying on employer’s written safety materials to determine compliance with the standard)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">498 F.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">App’x</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>145 (3d Cir. 2012) (unpublished)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As to the frequency of Respondent’s inspections of the Gate,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he Secretary concedes, a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nd</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the evidence shows</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, that Michael and Sanchez conducted an inspection of the Gate on December 3, 2020, before Raymond planned on painting it. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(19); Tr. 225, 364, 390-91, 444-45, 460, 489-90, 542-43, 680-82, 764-66)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">T</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he Court</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>further</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>finds that Respondent also conducted an inspection of the Gate on December 4, 2020, when Michael<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">visually inspected it, and again on December 7,<span>
						</span></span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="page-break-before:page; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span> </p>
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				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2020, when Sanchez performed a walkaround inspection of the Gate prior to moving it</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref31" href="#ftn31">30</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Tr. 408-11, 545-46, 570-71, 708, 737-38, 745-47, 764, 783, 794;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-38, at 2:24 to 2:39; C-39, at 0:07 to 0:22)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Court finds three inspections in three workdays was sufficiently<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">frequent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to satisfy the standard</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>based on the small size of the worksite, i.e., the area around the Gate, and magnitude of the activity of pa</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">inting the Gate, which was a small project involving</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>only</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>four employees</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">J.A. Jones Constr. Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2207</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(frequency under the standard determined by<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">how often “a reasonable person familiar with the size of the worksite and the magnitude of the ongoing construction activity would understand ... inspections would have to be conducted to keep track of safety hazards at the site.”)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">c</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">f. R & R Builders, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1383,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1389</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 88-0282, 1991) (undisputed that weekly or twice weekly inspections satisfied the standard);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Dade Builders Contractors, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, No. 19-0988, 2020 WL 2612201, at *6-7 (O.S.H.R.C.A.L.J.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>April 13, 2020) (concluding that the Secretary failed to demonstrate inspections were not frequent or regular in part based on evidence that a subcontractor conducted inspections weekly or biweekly).</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Th</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">e remainder of the Secretary’s arguments for noncompliance share a common thread, namely that Respondent’s inspection program was deficient because the actual inspection<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">performed by its competent persons</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Michael and Sanchez,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>failed to detect the hazard posed by<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">moving the Gate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. More particularly, the Secretary argues that the inspection performed by Michael and Sanchez failed to include the cubby area with the exposed wiring and failed to reveal that the roller guide was solely responsible for keeping the South Panel upright. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Sec’y’s Br. 19-21)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. As to the cubby area, the Secretary further argues that inspection of this area would have led to the discovery of the exposed wiring, at which point either Michael or Sanchez should have made further inquiries to either PENTA or NLS about the condition of the uncompleted Gate. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">21</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In this regard, whether a particular inspection was adequate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for purposes of 29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(b)(2) is based on the “totality of the evidence,” including the experience of the employees conducting the inspection and the circumstances of the particular worksite. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Superior Custom Cabinet Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 18 BNA OSHC 1019,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1022</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 94-200, 1997)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 158 F.3d 583 (5th Cir. 1998)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Based on the totality of the evidence in this record, the backgrounds of Michael and Sanchez,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and the particular circumstances of the Casino worksite,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the Court does not find that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the foremen’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inspection of the Gate was deficient in the particular ways alleged by the Secretary.</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Starting with the lack of inspection of the cubby area, both Michael and Sanchez conceded that they did not thoroughly inspect this area because they planned on painting the South Panel first and thus did not consider the cubby area, where the North Panel was housed, to be within the scope of their work on December 7. (Tr. 396-97, 460-61, 682-83, 694-96; Ex. C-2, at 24-26). However, the Court does not find that the Secretary has proven that a more thorough inspection of this area would have revealed the hazard posed by moving the South Panel or even put Michael and Sanchez on notice that more inquiry was required before moving the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">South Panel</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. The Court notes that neither Michael nor Sanchez had ever installed a rolling gate like the Gate at issue<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">here<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and thus had no particular expertise in how such a Gate was meant to function. (Tr. 439-40,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">772</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">73). The Court further notes the dearth of evidence in the current<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">record<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">as to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">how<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">exactly the motorization of the Gate would have allowed it to extend safely westward across the loading dock area.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref32" href="#ftn32">31</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Thus, even if a more thorough inspection of the cubby area would have revealed the existence of the exposed wiring</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and even if</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">as a result of this discovery</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Michael or Sanchez had reached the conclusion that the Gate was ultimately<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">meant<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to be motorized</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the Court does not fin</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">d that either of these facts would have alerted either Michael or Sanchez that further inquiry was required before moving the Gate manually.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref33" href="#ftn33">32</a></span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Regarding the roller guide, the Court finds the totality of the evidence, including Michael and Sanchez’s backgrounds and experiences on the Casino worksite, similarly shows that their inspection was not deficient as the Secretary alleges. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">B</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">oth Michael and Sanchez had either personally moved or observed others moving the South Panel manually without incident on multiple occasions. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(31); Tr. 152, 222-23, 641-42, 670, 673). Michael also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">on</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ce<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">saw the Gate fully extended but did not see the process by which this occurred. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(12); Tr. 625-28, 754-58, 770; Ex. C-28). This led to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Michael’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>belief, a reasonable belief in the Court’s opinion, that full extension of the Gate could be safely accomplished. (Tr. 625-28, 675-76, 754-58, 762-63, 770). Michael’s trial testimony also reveals that he did not entirely miss the existence of the roller guide during his inspection of the Gate but</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>simply</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>misconstrued its</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>purpose</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. His<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">understanding of the Gate, based on his previous observation of it being fully extended and personal experience with safely moving the South Panel manually, was that the panels were “interlocking” and that, when pulled out, the North Panel would “follow” the South Panel “to a certain point” and then “latch” onto the South Panel</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as the Gate was fully extended</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Tr. 676, 718-19).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> The Court does not find that the nature of the roller guide was so obvious that it should have put Michael or Sanchez on notice that it had a safety purpose rather than simply a functional purpose, especially given<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">both of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">their limited experience with rolling gates. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Cf.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Superior Custom Cabinet Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 18 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1021</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (concluding that a leadman’s personal knowledge and experience of similar jobsites and work hazards should have led him to conduct a more thorough inspection);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">cf. also DiGioia Bros. Excavating, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 17 BNA OSHC 1181,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1184</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 92-3024, 1995) (under a similar inspection-by-competent-person standard, finding<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">noncompliance</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>where the designated competent persons all demonstrated some personal knowledge of</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>trenching and</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the underlying trenching standards).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Based on the foregoing, the Court finds the Secretary has failed to establish noncompliance with the standard.</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-weight:normal; padding-right:20px;">c.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Employees<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">W</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">ere Exposed to<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;"><span><span></span>
					</span>Hazardous Condition</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;"><span><span></span>
					</span></span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“Exposure to a violative condition may be established either by showing actual exposure or that access to the hazard was reasonably predictable.” </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Phoenix Roofing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 17 BNA OSHC 1076, 1079 n.6 (No. 90-2148, 1995),<span>
						</span></span><span class="style_Emphasis style_Emphasis " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-size:12pt; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 79 F.3d 1146 (5th Cir. 1996). Here, it is uncontroverted that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“[redacted] was fatally injured when the Gate’s south panel fell onto” him and thus</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>actually</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>exposed to the “struck by and crush by hazards” alleged in Item 1 of the Cita</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">tion. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(25). Likewise, both Michael and Sanchez were exposed to the same hazards while moving the gate,<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="page-break-before:page; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">with the latter being struck by the gate panel on his shoulder and leg as it fell. (Tr.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">376</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 422-23</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 738-39</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-38 at 2:51-53</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; C-39 at 0:29-39</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Court finds the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Secretary has established<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employee exposure to the hazard.</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-weight:normal; padding-right:20px;">d.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Secretary Failed to Establish<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Knowledge<span>
					</span></span></p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:0cm; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent’s knowledge of the violation may be established<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">by showing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the employer knew, or with reasonable diligence could have known</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the violative condition. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 U.S.C. §</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">666(k)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Ormet</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Corp.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 14 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>2138</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Secretary can prove knowledge of a corporate employer through the knowledge, actual or constructive, of its supervisory employees.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref34" href="#ftn34">33</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Dover Elevator Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 1281, 1286 (No. 91-862, 1993). </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Here, the Secretary<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">does not argue that Respondent’s supervisory employees had actual knowledge of the hazard, only that they</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">could have learned of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">uncompleted</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>status of the Gate with the exercise of reasonable diligence during their inspection. (Sec’y’s Br. 23-24).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> “In assessing reasonable diligence, the Commission considers several factors, including an employer’s obligations to implement adequate work rules and training programs, adequately supervise employees, anticipate hazards, and take measures to prevent violations from occurring.” </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">S.J. Louis Constr. of Tex.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 25 BNA OSHC 1892, 1894 (No. 12-1045, 2016). Whether an employer has exercised reasonable diligence is a question of fact that will “vary with the facts of each case.” </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Martin v. OSHRC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Millike</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">n</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 947 F.2d 1483, 1485 (11th Cir. 1991).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:0cm; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In arguing that Michael and Sanchez failed to exercise reasonable diligence, t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he Secretary essentially reincorporates its arguments with regard to noncompliance</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>with the standard, namely<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that “Foreman Michael and Sanchez failed to take reasonable measures while conducting their inspection of the Gate on December 3 ...” (Sec’y’s Br. 23). That argument<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">alleged</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>two major deficiencies<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the foremen’s inspections: 1) failure to inspect the cubby area, which would have led to the discovery of the exposed wires and should have led the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>foremen</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to realize the Gate was intended to be motorized; and 2) failure to realize that the roller guide on the North Panel was solely responsible for keeping the South Panel upright and that moving the South Panel beyond the roller guide would lead to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">it falling</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Sec’y’s Br. 21-22).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:0cm; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent argues that its supervisory employees’ behavior</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was “entirely reasonable” based on: 1) their previous observations of and interactions with the Gate in the weeks leading up to the accident; 2) the fact that Respondent was never informed<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">by</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>either PENTA or NLS that the Gate was incomplete and should not be moved; 3) there were no chains, barricades, or other<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">physical controls on the Gate leading up to and on the date of the accident; 4) Raymond had no expertise “designing, installing, or evaluating rolling gates”; and 5) Raymond was instructed to paint the Gate by PENTA. (Resp’t’s Br. 15).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:0cm; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Based on the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">particular facts and circumstances of this case</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the Court finds that Respondent’s supervisory employees, particularly Michael and Sanchez who actually inspected the Gate,</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref35" href="#ftn35">34</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>acted with reasonable diligence such that they did not have constructive knowledge of the hazardous condition of the Gate.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">To start</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, it is undisputed that “[b]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">etween</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the date on which the panels of the Gate were installed on November 21, 2020, and the date of the [accident], the Gate was not chained, blocked or otherwise prevented from being extended westward out of its<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">pocket, and no warning signs or physical barriers to prevent movement had been placed on the [G]ate.” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">30</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 68, 723-24, 753</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Moreover, Raymond received no instructions or warnings from either PENTA or NLS about moving or extending the Gate’s panels.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref36" href="#ftn36">35</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (J</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">27</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>&<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">28</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Tr. 503, 585-86</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). In fact,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Michael performed a walkthrough of the loading dock area in the week before the accident with Albert<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ros</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, a PENTA superviso</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">r</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">during</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>which</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ros</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was informed that Raymond intended on painting the Gate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">during</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the coming week. (Tr.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>555-58,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>771</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">72).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Rather than receive any instruction or warning on moving the Gate,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ros<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">told Michael to “</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">hurry up and get done and get out.”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Tr. 557).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">And again,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">on December 4, 2020, when four of PENTA’s supervisory employees were informed<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">by Charpentier via email<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that Raymond intended to paint the Gate the following Monday, the only response, from<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Mario Trujillo</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, was “</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thank you! We will get started on these disruption notices now</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[,]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>with no mention of any hazard associated with moving or painting the Gate.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (Tr. 483-87, 540-42; Ex. C-18).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Although PENTA’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">actual o</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">r</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>constructive<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">knowledge of the Gate’s hazardous condition</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as a legal matter</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is not at issue in this case,</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref37" href="#ftn37">36</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the point remains that no one with information regarding the uncompleted condition of the Gate ever conveyed that information to Raymond or warned Raymond against moving the Gate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, despite being directly informed that Raymond intended to paint the Gate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See Bland Constr. Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">BNA OSHC 1031,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1036</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">No. 87-992, 1991</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(reasonable diligence is based on</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>“all available, factual information relating to whether hazardous conditions exist, or reasonably could exist,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">where work is being performed”)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also Smoot Constr.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 21 BNA OSHC 1555,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1557</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 05</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">0652, 2006) (noting that an employer responsible for creating a hazardous condition<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is obligated to protect its own employees as well as employees of other contractors who are exposed to the hazard.”); (Ex. C-44,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">81-83; Ex. D-17 (citation to NLS for failure to display caution signs informally settled));<span>
						</span></span><a href="https://1.next.westlaw.com/Document/I563b12b3fa2b11d983e7e9deff98dc6f/View/FullText.html?transitionType=UniqueDocItem&contextData=%28sc.UserEnteredCitation%29&userEnteredCitation=16+oshc+1409"><span class="style_Emphasis style_Emphasis " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-size:12pt; ">Worcester Steel Erectors, Inc.</span></a><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 1409, 1412 & n.4 (No. 89</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1206, 1993) (“[G]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">enerally</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>speaking, it is primarily the general contractor’s responsibility to coordinate the subcontractors.”).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:0cm; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Raymond’s lack of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">any<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">notice<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>uncompleted</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Gate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">constituted a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">hazardous condition<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>underscored by its<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employees’</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>observations and interactions with the Gate in the weeks leading up to the accident. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">On multiple occasions prior to the accident while Raymond’s employees were painting other fixtures in the loading dock area, the employees found the South Panel of the Gate partially extended from the cubby area, approximately ten to fifteen feet. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(31)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; Tr. 670, 687-88, 755-56, 763). On certain of these occasions, the employees manually moved the South Panel back into the cubby to accommodate delivery vehicles without incident. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(31); Tr. 152, 222-23, 641-42, 670, 673). With regard to Michael particularly, he actually saw the Gate fully extended without having observed the process by which<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">this<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">occurred. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(12); Tr. 625-28, 754-58, 770; Ex. C-28). </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">T</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he Court finds<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that Michael, who had no particular background in working with rolling gates, reasonably believed<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that the Gate could be fully extended in a safe manner based on his observations</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the Gate being moved on multiple occasions as well as having seen i</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>fully extended</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Tr. 718-20, 762-63, 772-75)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="page-break-before:page; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:0cm; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">I</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">n considering the Secretary’s remaining argument, which focuses on perceived deficiencies of the actual inspection conducted by Michael and Sanchez on December 3</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref38" href="#ftn38">37</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he Court notes the above factors constituted the backdrop of Michael and Sanchez’s inspections of the Gate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Secretary argues that Michael and Sanchez failed to exercise reasonable diligence because their inspection failed to cover the cubby area, which would have revealed the exposed wiring for the motor of the Gate and further failed to uncover that the roller guides were solely responsible for keeping the South Panel upright. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to both perceived deficiencies, the Court notes that neither Michael nor Sanchez had any direct experience with the installation and construction of roll</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>gates like the Gate at issue</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>here</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. 439-40, 772-73</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). With that</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and the other aforementioned background factors in mind</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, the Court does not<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">find the Secretary has shown that either the exposed wiring or the roller guides constituted an obvious hazard vis-à-vis moving the Gate such tha</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">t any further action was required by Raymond’s foremen in exercising reasonable diligence.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref39" href="#ftn39">38</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:0cm; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to the lack of inspection of the cubby area and exposed wiring, even assuming the existence of wiring should have alerted Michael and Sanchez that the Gate would eventually be motorized, it is not at all clear from the instant record that the existence of the wiring should have put Michael or Sanchez on notice that moving the Gate manually posed a safety hazard. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Indeed,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Court finds it telling how little evidence in the record actually explains<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">how</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the motorization of the Gate would allow it to extend safely.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref40" href="#ftn40">39</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> In any event, it is not at all clear that that Michael and Sanchez, with little to no background knowledge concerning the installation or operation of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">rolling</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>gates, should have known that motorization of the Gate was not just a functionality issue but also a safety issue<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">if the Gate were “operated” manually</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. The Court finds this to be particularly so given that the Raymond crew had</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">without incident</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">safely operated the Gate manually<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">many</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>times in the weeks preceding the accident. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(31); Tr. 152, 222-24, 641-41, 670, 673, 762-63).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:0cm; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Michael and Sanchez’s failure to appreciate the function of the roller guide on the North Panel in keeping the South Panel upright presents a closer question, but ultimately the Court finds no lack of reasonable diligence in this aspect</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of their inspection</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>either. Again, it bears mention</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>that neither Michael nor Sanchez had any experience in the installation or functionality of rolling gates. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Tr. 439-40</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 772-73)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Based on their experience with this particular Gate, there appeared to be no apparent issue with operating the Gate manually</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; indeed, the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Raymond<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">crew had done</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>so</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">many</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>times in the week</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>preceding the accident.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(31); Tr. 152, 222-24, 641-41, 670, 673, 762-63). </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As to Michael particularly, his observation of the Gate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>when it was</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>fully extended, without having observed the process by which it was accomplished,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">reasonably led him to conclude that full extension<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">of the Gate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">could be safely accomplished. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(12), 625-28,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">675-76,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">754-58,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>762-63,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>770</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Moreover, as Michael explained</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at trial</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, his inspection did not entirely miss the existence of the roller guide</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Rather, Michael</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>simply misapprehended how the roller guide functioned</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>in thinking that the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>panels were “interlocking” and that the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>North Panel<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">would “follow” the South Panel “to a certain point” and then “latch” onto the South Panel for the Gate to fully extend. (Tr.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">676,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">718-19).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Based on their limited background with rolling gates, their interactions and observations with regard to this specific Gate, and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">further<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">given<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that the Secretary has not shown that either the exposed wiring or the roller guide on the North Gate posed an obvious safety (as opposed to functionality) issue with regard to manual operation of the Gate, the Court does not find that the Secretary proved a lack of reasonable diligence in Michael and Sanchez’s inspection of the Gate. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Schuler-Haas Corp.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 21 BNA OSHC 1489,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1493-94</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 03-0322, 2006) (discussing reasonable diligence in terms of facts<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">actually<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">known by supervisory employees);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Manganas</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Painting, Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 19 BNA OSHC 1102, 1104 n.5 (No. 93-1612, 2000) (determining reasonable diligence based on foreman’s personal knowledge and observations of the worksite),<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 273 F.2d 1131 (DC Cir. 2001)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">David Weekley Homes</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 19 BNA OSHC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1120</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(finding reasonable diligence in part because the hazardous condition was “not obvious or in plain view”). Accordingly, the Secretary has failed to prove the element of constructive knowledge.</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:120px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-weight:bold; padding-right:20px;">2.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">Citation 1, Item<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">2</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Item 2 of the Citation alleged a serious violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1926.21(b)(2), which states: “The employer shall instruct each employee in the recognition and avoidance of unsafe conditions and the regulations applicable to his work environment to control or eliminate any hazards or other exposure to illness or injury.”</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Secretary</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>alleged the serious violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1926.21(b)(2) as follows</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">:<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">FR 1926.21(b)(2); The employer did not instruct each employee in the recognition and avoidance of unsafe condition(s) and the regulation(s) applicable to his work environment to control or eliminate any hazard(s) or other exposure to illness or injury:</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Agua Caliente Casino: On or before 12/07/2020, the employer did not ensure that employees priming and painting the loading dock gate were instructed on the recognition and avoidance of crushing hazards from the gate falling when being pulled past the glide end point.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:90px; text-indent:-2.381cm; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:90px; text-indent:-2.381cm; margin-right:48px; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 7</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-weight:normal; padding-right:20px;">a.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">The Standard Applies</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The parties have stipulated, and the record supports, that 29 C.F.R. § 1926.21(b)(2) applied to Respondent’s painting activities at the Casino worksite. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ B(4);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(a) (subpart applies to “construction, alteration, and/or repair, including painting and decorating ...”);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">E.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Smalis</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Painting Co., Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 22 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>1555 (employer cited under construction standard for removing paint and repainting a bridge).</span></p>
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			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-weight:normal; padding-right:20px;">b.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Secretary Failed to Establish Noncompliance</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“Under § 1926.21(b)(2), an employer must instruct its employees in the recognition and avoidance of those hazards of which a reasonably prudent employer would have been aware.” </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Capform</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 19 BNA OSHC 1374,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1376</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 99-0322, 2001),</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 34 F.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">App’x</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>152 (5th Cir. 2002) (table),</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>quoting<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Pressure Concrete Constr. Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC 2011, 2015 (No. 90-2668, 1992);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">ee also El Paso Crane & Rigging Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 1419, 1424 (No. 90-1106, 1993) (to prove a violation of § 1926.21(b)(2), Secretary must show that employer “failed to provide the instructions which a reasonably prudent employer would have given in the same circumstances”). “Employees must be given instructions on (1) how to recognize and avoid the unsafe conditions which they may encounter on the job, and (2) the regulations applicable to those hazardous conditions.”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Capform</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 19 BNA OSHC 1374,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1376</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, quoting<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Superior Custom Cabinet Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 18 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1020</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In considering whether an employer has met its obligation under this general standard, the Commission has specifically considered whether a reasonable person, examining the generalized standard in light of a particular set of circumstances, can<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">determine what is required, or if the particular employer was actually aware of the existence of the hazard and of a means to abate it.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Compass<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Envt’l</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 23 BNA OSHC 1132,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1134</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 06-1036, 2010)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">663 F.3d 1164 (10</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">th</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Cir. 2011)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, quoting</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>W.G. Fairfield Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 19 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1235</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Secretary argues that the standard was violated in that</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>although Michael and Sanchez inspected the Gate on December 3, they failed to inspect the cubby area and failed to discuss how to move the South Panel, “a task the crew had not previously attempted ....” (Sec’y’s Br. 25). Further, neither foreman “even attempt[ed] to pull the [S]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">outh</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>[P]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">anel</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>partially out to gain an awareness of the roller guides that held the panels upright ....” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 26). The Secretary argues that these efforts were not reasonable efforts “to anticipate the struck-by and crush-by hazards the crew would be exposed to if the [S]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">outh</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>[P]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">anel</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was to pull past the roller guide attached to the [N]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">orth</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>[P]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">anel</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). </span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Moreover, the Secretary continues, after Charpentier’s December 4</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; position:relative;font-size:0.58em; bottom: 1ex;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">th</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>email to the PENTA superintendents alerting them that Raymond intended to paint the Gate the following Monday, no one from Raymond contacted anyone from PENTA or NLS about how to move the Gate. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Despite holding a safety meeting the morning of December 7 and filling out a JHA form, the JHA form was “generic and preprinted” and only one JHA form in the week prior mentions the task of painting the Gate. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at 27). Although a Daily Site Inspection form was also completed for December 7, it does not mention the hazard posed by moving the Gate, does not provide instructions on how to move the Gate, and was completed 500 feet away from the Gate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the Conex instead of on the actual worksite. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 27-28). </span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Even if</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>certain hazards were discussed with regard to the Gate, like wearing gloves for jagged edges, “there was no discussion with the crew of the struck-by or crush-by hazards ....” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 28). Finally, the Raymond supervisors failed to perform an inspection or have a safety meeting when they arrived at the Gate. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent argues that the Citation narrowly alleges a violation based on Respondent’s failure to recognize the tip-over hazard posed by the Gate, which fails to account for the routine inspections and instructions given to its employees “on the recognition and avoidance of hazards at the construction site.” (Resp’t’s Br. 20). In this regard, “[t]he failure to identify one particular hazard at a vast construction site and over a vast period of time should not warrant a violation.” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at 20-21). </span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent goes on to argue that the record demonstrates that Raymond held a safety meeting every morning to address the requisite JHAs, which were prepared by four competent persons to address painting activities at the Casino worksite. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at 21). Additionally, Respondent completed the Daily Huddle form required by PENTA and presented the information in that form to its crew. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). More specifically, Respondent completed these forms on December 7 for the task of painting the Gate and reviewed them prior to starting work. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">). Respondent highlights specific content of the JHA form, including the “Steps,” “Hazards,” and “Control Measures” sections. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">22-23).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Court finds the Secretary has failed to establish noncompliance with 29 C.F.R. §</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1926.21(b)(2) for many of the same reasons</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>relied on in reaching the same conclusion with regard to 29 C.F.R. § 1926.20(b)(2). As previously articulated, the Secretary is required to demonstrate either that Respondent knew of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">tip-over hazard posed by the Gate and failed to adequately instruct its employees on addressing it or else that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a reasonable person, examining the generalized standard in light of a particular set of circumstances</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">” would have recognized</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the tip</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">over hazard posed by the Gate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and instructed their employees accordingly</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Compass<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Envt’l</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 23 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1134</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Capform</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 19 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1376</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">E.L. Davis</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Contracting</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 2046, 2048</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-49</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 92-35, 1994)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Here, there is no dispute that Respondent’s supervisors, particularly Michael and Sanchez, failed to detect the hazard posed by<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Gate after conducting their inspection on December 3</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>or in their subsequent inspections</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">whether a reasonably prudent employer in Respondent’s position should have been aware of the hazard posed by moving the uncompleted Gate, the Court previously found, in Parts</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>IV(1)(b)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>IV(1)(d)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">supra</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">an employer with Respondent’s experience and in Respondent’s position would not have reasonably been expected to uncover the hazard posed by manually moving the South Panel</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>past the roller guide of the North Panel</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref41" href="#ftn41">40</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Compass<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Envt’l</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 23 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1134</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Commission has specifically considered whether a reasonable person, examining the generalized standard [of 29 C.F.R. §</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1926.21(b)(2)] in light of a particular set of circumstances, can determine what is required ...”).</span><span style="font-size:10.5pt; font-family:Arial; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Arial; font-size:10.5pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Court therefore rejects the bulk of the Secretary’s arguments of noncompliance, which<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">focus</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on Respondent’s failure to note</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the tip-over</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>hazard</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>posed by moving the Gate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in its safety documents or convey this<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">hazard</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to its employees</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a hazard the Court has found</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was not known or reasonably knowable</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">on the morning of December 7</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Moreover, the record demonstrates that Michael and Sanchez</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">’s December 3</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; position:relative;font-size:0.58em; bottom: 1ex;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">rd</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inspection of the Gate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">did</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>detect multiple hazards associated with</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>moving and painting the South Panel of the Gate. Particularly, they noted that the Panel was large and heavy such that it would require<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">multiple crewmembers to move and that such movement should proceed slowly to avoid pinching hazards. (Tr. 434, 508, 683, 707, 791; Ex. C-17). They also noted that vehicle traffic coming into and out of the loading dock area could pose a safety hazard. (Tr. 490, 683-84, 718; Ex. C-17). Finally, they further noted that the South Panel had unfinished, jagged edges, thus requiring gloves to move it safely. (Tr. 489-90, 508, 543, 683, 717; Ex. C-17). The documentary evidence submitted, particularly the Daily Huddle<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">form, reflect</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>that Michael and Sanchez noted these hazards and methods to abate them.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref42" href="#ftn42">41</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-16, at p. 12;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>C-17).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> The record further<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">establishes</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>that Michael and Sanchez discussed these hazards and abatement methods</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>with Raymond’s employees onsite</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">safety meeting</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">held on the morning of December 7 prior to commencing work.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref43" href="#ftn43">42</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(22); Tr. 387-90, 403-06, 446-47, 462-63, 501-02, 543-45, 653-55, 765;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-16, at 22 & 23; C-17).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Based on the foregoing, the Court find</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the Secretary failed to establish noncompliance with the standard.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="page-break-before:page; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;"></span> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-weight:normal; padding-right:20px;">c.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Employees were Exposed to a Hazardous Condition</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;"><span><span></span>
					</span></span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“Exposure to a violative condition may be established either by showing actual exposure or that access to the hazard was reasonably predictable.” </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Phoenix Roofing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 17 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1079 n.6. Here, it is uncontroverted that “[redacted] was fatally injured when the Gate’s south panel fell onto” him and thus was<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">actually<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">exposed to the “crushing hazards” alleged in Item<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the Cita</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">tion. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A(25)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. Likewise, both Michael and Sanchez were exposed to the same hazards while moving the gate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, with the latter narrowly escaping being crushed by the gate as it fell.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Tr. 376, 422-23, 738-39;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. C-38 at 2:51-53; C-39 at 0:29-39). </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Court finds th</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at the Secretary established<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employee exposure to the hazard.</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_ListParagraph style_ListParagraph " style="margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:168px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:normal; padding-right:20px;">d.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Secretary Failed to Establish<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Knowledge</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; "><span><span></span>
					</span></span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">For purposes of a violation of 29 C.F.R. § 1926.21(b)(2)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Respondent’s knowledge of th</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">e</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>violation rises or falls on the same factors as noncompliance with the standard. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Bardav</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 24 BNA OSHC 2105,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2112</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 10-1055, 2014) (knowledge established by<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">mere fact that no training was provided);</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Compass<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Envt’l</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 23 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1136</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(basing knowledge finding on the “reasons discussed above” concerning noncompliance and hazard recognition);</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Pressure Concrete Constr.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2018 (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The fact that [the employer] had failed to train the project superintendent in the recognition and avoidance of dangerous conditions establishes that it had at least constructive knowledge of the inadequacy of its training program.”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Court has considered the Secretary’s cursory arguments devoted to this element</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the violation</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and finds none of them novel or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">persuasive</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Sec’y’s Br. 29-30).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Thus, as the Court has found the Secretary failed to establish noncompliance, it also finds he failed to establish the knowledge element of the violation</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="page-break-before:page; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;"></span> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:center; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">O</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">RDER</span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The foregoing Decision constitutes the Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law in accordance with Rule 52(a) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Based upon the foregoing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Findings of Fact and Conclus</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ions of Law, it is ORDERED that:</span></p>
			</div>
			<p style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; padding-right:20px;">1.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation 1, Item<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is VACATED, and therefore no penalty is ASSESSED.</span></p>
			<p style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; widows:2; orphans:2; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; padding-right:20px;">2.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation 1, Item<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>is<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">VACATED</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">therefore no</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>penalty is ASSESSED.</span></p>
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				<p style="text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">SO ORDERED.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>
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					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>
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					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span><span style="font-size:18pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:18pt; font-style:italic; ">/s/ Christopher D. Helms</span></p>
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						<div>
							<p style="margin-left:192px; text-indent:-5.08cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dated: </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span></p>
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					</td>
					<td style="vertical-align:top;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.19cm;padding-right:0.19cm;width:5.239cm;">
						<div>
							<p><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">March 6, 2023</span></p>
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						<div>
							<p><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Denver, Colorado<span>
									</span></span></p>
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					<td style="vertical-align:top;padding-top:0cm;padding-bottom:0cm;padding-left:0.19cm;padding-right:0.19cm;border-left:none, 0, inherit; border-right:none, 0, inherit; border-top:solid .018cm #000000; width:9.525cm;">
						<div>
							<p style="margin-left:192px; text-indent:-5.08cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Christopher D. Helms</span></p>
						</div>
						<div>
							<p style="margin-left:192px; text-indent:-5.08cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Judge, OSHRC</span></p>
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				<p style="line-height:2; widows:2; orphans:2; "> </p>
			</div>
			<hr/>"
      <div>
				<p>
					<a name="ftn-1" href="#ftnref-1"></a> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p>
					<a name="ftn0" href="#ftnref0"></a> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p>
					<a name="ftn1" href="#ftnref1"></a> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn2" href="#ftnref2"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">1 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">See generally<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-variant:small-caps; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Indians,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">https://www.aguacaliente.org/ (last visited<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">January 10, 2023</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn3" href="#ftnref3"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">2 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">A designated portion of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">deposition testimony of Ricardo Sotelo, the owner of the subcontractor<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">that installed</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the Gate, was admitted<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">by stipulation<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">as Exhibit C-44. (Tr. 798-801; Ex. C-44). Accompanying Sotelo’s deposition testimony are eleven exhibits</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">some of which</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>were otherwise not admitted at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">trial,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>but<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">which<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">are<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">sufficiently<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">authenticated by the</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">deposition testimony. Neither party has challenged the admissibility</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>or authenticity</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the exhibits attached to Sotelo’s deposition testimony. The Court deems these exhibits admitted as part of Exhibit C-44 and will refer to them in this decision with the designation of “D-Exhibit Number,” meaning “Deposition-Exhibit Number.”</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn4" href="#ftnref4"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">3 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The Gate was installed</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>east to west and was intended</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to open in a westerly direction</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">(J</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">¶</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">A(14), (31); Tr. 63-65, 91, 166, 314; Ex. C-2, at 6, 9</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">). The two panels comprising the Gate ran parallel to one another, with the North Panel being situated slightly more to the north, and the South Panel situated slightly more to the south. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">J</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">S</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">tip.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶ A</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">(10), (31);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. 70, 643-46; Ex. C-2, at 12, 13, 21</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">).</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> The parties have thus referred to the two panels as the North Panel and the South Panel</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(or sometimes the “north gate” and the “south gate”).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn5" href="#ftnref5"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">4 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The Commission is an independent adjudicatory agency and is not part of the Department of Labor or OSHA. 29 U.S.C. § 661. </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">The Commission</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was established to resolve disputes arising out of enforcement actions brought by the Secretary of Labor under the OSH Act and has no regulatory functions. 29 U.S.C. § 659(c).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn6" href="#ftnref6"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">5 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Any affirmative defenses not raised at the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">trial</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">are deemed waived by Respondent. </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">See, e.g.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">United States v. LeMaux</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">994 F.2d 684, 689-90 (9th Cir. 1993)</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> Respondent did not raise any affirmative defenses at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">trial<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">or in<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">its<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">post-trial brief.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn7" href="#ftnref7"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">6 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">The</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>parties’ j</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">oint<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">tipulations were received and admitted as<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Joint Stipulation Statement</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and read into the record.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> (Tr. 22-29).</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> Rather than set forth the Joint Stipulations in their entirety, the Court will reference them as is relevant and appropriate.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn8" href="#ftnref8"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">7 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Paragraph 31</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the Joint Stipulation Statement</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was amended by stipulation at trial to make the reference to the “north panel” a reference to the “south panel” instead.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> (Tr. 29-32).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn9" href="#ftnref9"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">8 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The factual background is based on the credible record evidence, as discussed below, and consideration of the record as a whole. Contrary evidence is not credited.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn10" href="#ftnref10"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">9 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Exhibit C-3</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">2</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was entered as a single exhibit but contained multiple sub-exhibits, including the subcontract between PENTA and Raymond. (Tr. 163-65).</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> Exhibit C-33, “Respondent’s Responses to Complainant’s Request for Admissions,” authenticates these documents. (Tr. 164).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn11" href="#ftnref11"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">10 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>As explained in note</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">supra</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, the panels were<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">referred to this way</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>based on their geographic position relative to the direction the Gate was intended to extend. Each Gate panel measured approximately 25 feet long by 9.5 feet tall and weighed approximately 3,000 pounds.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. 168;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. C-44, at 19-20;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Ex.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">D-4).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn12" href="#ftnref12"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">11 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>This area was referred to at trial</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and in the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">parties’</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>briefs</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as the “cubby” area</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. (Tr. 223, 393, 532).</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Court adopts the use of that term.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn13" href="#ftnref13"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">12 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Sotelo explained that safety loops<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">are</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>devices</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>“put in the concrete so when the car goes forward, [the Gate] closes and opens automatically.” (Ex. C-44, at 34).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn14" href="#ftnref14"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">13 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Although it was never fully explained at trial how the motorization of the Gate would have ensured it could be operated in safe manner, the CSHO</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, having observed a YouTube video of a similar rolling gate,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>provided the following explanation: “[A]s I understand the design build there was two – actually two chains, one that manipulated ... the north gate, one that manipulated the south gate. And they operated in tandem and the chains were at different lengths so they would slide in tandem to a closed position.” (Tr.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">313-</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">314). </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">The Court<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">infers</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the following from the CSHO’s explanation: p</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">resumably, if the two Gate panels were moved simultaneously or “in tandem” by way of an electric motor</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and chains</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, the South Panel would have no occasion to travel beyond the roller guide attached to the North Panel, and thus the Gate could be fully extended with the roller guide of the North Panel ensuring that the South Panel remained upright.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn15" href="#ftnref15"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">14 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Sotelo</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>explained that, once the motor was installed, this wiring would have gone through the slab and been attached to the motor to energize it. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Ex. C-44, at 28-29, 78;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">D-7, D-16, at 5</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn16" href="#ftnref16"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">15 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Exhibit C-37</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">a</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">n approximately</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">three-and-a-half-minute</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">video, demonstrates this process in its entirety</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn17" href="#ftnref17"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">16 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>As detailed above, NLS fully extended the Gate once on November 21, 2020, but then left the Gate “open” when it left the worksite, which the Court interprets to mean it left both panels in the cubby area so that the loading dock area was open to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">delivery<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">traffic. (Ex. C-44, at 60-61). Although the Raymond employees moved the South Panel several times to accommodate the entry of delivery trucks into the loading dock area, there is no direct evidence that the North Panel was ever moved after NLS left the Casino worksite.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn18" href="#ftnref18"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">17 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>In his deposition testimony, Sotelo stated that he believed he told someone from Raymond not to touch the Gate on November 21, 2020, a Saturday. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Ex. C-44,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">at</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>58-60, 89-91</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">). The Court does not credit this testimony. Sotelo was only able to provide a vague description of the Raymond employee with whom he allegedly spoke, and that description changed over the course of the deposition. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Compare<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Ex. C-44,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>59 (describing the individual as having dark hair),<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">with id.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">at 90 (describing the individual as having light hair)</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">). Moreover, the uncontroverted testimony from the Raymond employees at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">trial</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was that no one from Raymond was at the Casino site on<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">weekends</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, including Charpentier who<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">apparently most closely<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">m</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">et Sotelo’s description of the employee with whom he allegedly spoke</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. 472, 561, 708-09, 766-67</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:4px; ">
					<a name="ftn19" href="#ftnref19"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">18 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The Court has redacted the name of the deceased Raymond employee for privacy purposes.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn20" href="#ftnref20"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">19 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>There was some suggestion at trial that [redacted] may also have been designated as a competent person. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. 381, 638-39</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">). </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Because he was not tasked with inspecting the Gate</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">whether</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">this was the case is ultimately immaterial</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for purposes of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">the Court’s decision</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn21" href="#ftnref21"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">20 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>At trial, the Conex was described as being located both approximately 500<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">feet</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and 500<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">yards</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>from the loading dock area of the Casino. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Compare, e.g.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, Tr. 384 (four or five hundred feet), 524 (five hundred feet),<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">with<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. 760 (five hundred yards)). Several witnesses pointed out the location in the first frame of video Exhibit C-38, with Sanchez stating it was “all the way on the right-hand side where ... that bright light is ...” (Tr. 415), Charpentier stating it was “right over there in the field right there next to the dog park” (Tr. 524), and Michael also stating it was near the bright lights in the top portion of the frame. (Tr. 734). </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Based on its independent review of Exhibit C-38, the Court concludes that 500<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">feet</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>better represents the distance from the Conex to the loading dock area, although it places no material weight on this fact.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn22" href="#ftnref22"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">21 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>For at least the week preceding the accident</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">on<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">the date of the accident</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>itself,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the JHA form<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">being used by Raymond’s foremen<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">was not specifically tailored to the task of painting the</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>loading dock area or the Gate</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Ex. C-16</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">). As<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">the employees</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>explained at trial, Raymond had been wrapping up its work at the Casino site and</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as a result</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>did not have access to a printer. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. 132, 350, 656</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">). The foremen</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>therefore</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>used a pre-printed form which had been generated on October 20, 2020</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and which had been filled in wit</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">h more general</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>hazard assessment information</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. 130-42</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, 348-51, 656; Ex. C-16</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn23" href="#ftnref23"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">22 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Michael visited the Gate prior to beginning painting it so that he could assess the Gate for hazards and be able to relay those hazards to the crew tasked with painting the Gate at the morning safety meeting on the day work was actually scheduled to start. (Tr. 543-45).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn24" href="#ftnref24"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">23 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>An individual named Seth Sherrod was the main superintendent with whom Charpentier, as Raymond’s superintendent, corresponded concerning Raymond’s activities on the Casino worksite. (Tr. 540). Starting November 30, 2020, however, Sherrod stopped working at the Casino worksite. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">). Charpentier was given four new contacts at PENTA, Mario Trujillo, Albert Ros, Greg Church, and Joshua James, who were all notified by email on December 4, 2020, that Raymond intended on painting the Gate the following Monday. (Tr. 483-87, 540-42; Ex. C-18).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn25" href="#ftnref25"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">24 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Following the opening of the Casino to the public on the weekend after Thanksgiving, i.e., Saturday, November 28,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>2020,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>PENTA would sen</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">d</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>disruption notices</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to a representative from the Tribe alerting them where in the Casino subcontractors<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">planned on working so that the Tribe could accommodate the Casino’s staff and guests. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. 128-30, 328-32, 483-85, 678-80;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. C-18 to C-20</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn26" href="#ftnref26"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">25 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>It was widely acknowledged at trial that this JHA was misdated “9-7-20” when i</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">t actually</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>represented the safety meeting that took place on December 7, 2020. (Tr. 349, 440, 712).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn27" href="#ftnref27"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">26 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Although Charpentier had intended to help the other three crewmembers with moving the South Panel,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">in the video footage<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">he can be seen taking a phone call outside the loading dock area and walking into the loading dock area only after the other three crewmembers had started moving the South Panel. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. 418-19</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, 526-27, 532;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. C-38, at 2:05 to 2:42</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">; C-39, at 0:32 to 0:34</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn28" href="#ftnref28"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">27 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Sanchez’s right shoulder blade was scraped by the falling panel, but he was otherwise unharmed. (Tr. 376).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn29" href="#ftnref29"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">28 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The Secretary makes no argument that the three individuals<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">designated by Raymond to be competent persons<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">did not meet the definition of “competent person”</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as defined by<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">29 C.F.R. § 1926.32(f). </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">29 C.F.R. § 1926.32(f) (“Competent person means one who is capable of identifying existing and predictable hazards in the surroundings or working conditions which are unsanitary, hazardous, or dangerous to employees, and who has authorization to take prompt corrective measures to eliminate them.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> Indeed, the Secretary stresses the experience of Raymond’s three<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">designated<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">competent persons in making his argument that the standard was violated. (Sec’y’s Br. 19-20).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn30" href="#ftnref30"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">29 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>In addressing whether th</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">e<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">standard was violated, Respondent first points to testimony from CSHO Donnald in which he opined that Respondent violated the standard by not performing a thorough inspection on December 7 an</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">d by</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>holding the safety meeting at the Conex, which was 500<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">feet</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>from the loading dock area</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">instead of at or near the Gate itself</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. (Resp’t’s Br. 10-11). The Secretary has not relied on<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">either of these theories</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as a basis for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">noncompliance with this standard</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, and so the Court finds no need to further address the CSHO’s t</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">estimony in this regard</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn31" href="#ftnref31"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">30 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">The Court makes these findings contrary to the Secretary’s contentions otherwise. </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">As to the December<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">4</span><span style="font-size:11pt; position:relative;font-size:0.58em; bottom: 1ex;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">th</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inspection, the Secretary argues that Michael “observed” the Gate as opposed to inspecting it. (Sec’y’s Br. 20, citing Tr. 708). The Court does not attach any significance to this semantical difference, especially when Michael found the Gate in generally the same condition and position as he had in his more thorough inspection just the day before. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. 708 ,783</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">). As to the inspection on December 7, 2020, the Secretary argues that “the video recordings clearly show no safety meeting at the Gate or an inspection by the crew of the Gate, the panels, or the cubby ...” on this date. (Sec’y’s Br. 20). </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">However,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the standard</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>does not require a safety meeting</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">On</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the issue of whether Sanchez inspected the Gate prior to moving it on December 7, the Court agrees with Respondent that the video evidence, particularly Exhibit 39, clearly shows Sanchez walking around the Gate for approximately 15 seconds and visually inspecting it. </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:11pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:11pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. C</span><span style="font-size:11pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">38, at 2:24 to 2:39; C-39, at 0:07 to 0:22)</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. The Secretary has not shown that a more thorough inspection would have revealed the tip-over hazard<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">posed by moving</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the South Panel, especially when Sanchez found the Gate to be in generally the same position and condition as when he last inspected it.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">(Tr. 408-11).</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn32" href="#ftnref32"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">31 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>In note<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">supra</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, the Court surmised from the only available evidence,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>i.e.,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the CSHO’s testimony of a video he observed on YouTube of a similar gate opening with a motor</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, as to how this might be accomplished. The Court does not, however, consider this conclusive evidence on the point given: 1) the video the CSHO observed was not entered into evidence</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and so the Court had no opportunity to view this video itself</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">; and 2) the video<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">the CSHO</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>observed</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was not even of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Gate involved in this case</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, but a similar gate that was different in size</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> (Tr. 313-14).</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn33" href="#ftnref33"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">32 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>In this regard, the Court also notes that both Michael and Sanchez had manually moved the South Panel, or observed others moving it, multiple times before the accident occurred. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">A(31); Tr. 152, 222</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">23, 641-42, 670, 673). This further bolsters the Court’s conclusion that their discovery of the exposed wiring would not have reasonably alerted them to any safety issue involved with manually moving the Gate. </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn34" href="#ftnref34"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">33 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Although the Secretary devotes a portion of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">his</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>post-trial brief to whether the competent persons designated by Respondent – Charpentier, Michael, and Sanchez – were supervisory employees for purposes of imputation of knowledge, Respondent has not challenged this point. The Court finds that all three were supervisory employees for purposes</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">of</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>i</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">mputation of knowledge. </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">(Tr. 375-76, 466, 469, 621-22)</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Rawson Contractors, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, 20 BNA OSHC 1078,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">1080</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 99-0018, 2003) (supervisory status is based on “</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">indicia of authority that the employer has empowered a foreman or other employees to exercise on its behalf.”).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn35" href="#ftnref35"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">34 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Charpentier may have been a supervisory employee for purposes of imputation of knowledge; however, because he did not actually inspect the Gate prior to the accident, and because the Secretary is not basing constructive knowledge on some perceived deficiency in Respondent’s safety program<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">for which Charpentier may have been partially responsible<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">but rather the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">actual<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">activities of Michael and Sanchez in inspecting the Gate, the Court does not find Charpentier to be relevant for purposes of constructive knowledge based on lack of reasonable diligence.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn36" href="#ftnref36"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">35 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>As noted in note<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">supra</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, the Court does not credit Sotelo’s deposition testimony that he spoke with someone at Raymond about the Gate or informed them it should not be moved.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn37" href="#ftnref37"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">36 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The only direct evidence on this subject in the instant record is Sotelo’s deposition testimony that he informed Sherrod, PENTA’s superintendent</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>not to touch the Gate on the date it was installed. (Ex. C-44,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">58). The Court does not purport to resolve the issue of Sherrod’s knowledge concerning the Gate for purposes of this case, but<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">instead<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">finds it<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">sufficient to presume that PENTA</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, as the general contractor of the worksite, and NLS, the subcontractor responsible for installing the Gate, had greater access to knowledge concerning the condition of the Gate than Raymond</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, which neither had control over</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the worksite</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>nor responsibility for installing the Gate</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn38" href="#ftnref38"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">37 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>As noted in note<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">supra</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, the Court finds, contrary to the Secretary’s contentions otherwise, that Raymond’s foremen also inspected the Gate on December 4 and December 7 for purposes of determining noncompliance with the standard. Because the December 3</span><span style="font-size:11pt; position:relative;font-size:0.58em; bottom: 1ex;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">rd</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inspection conducted by Michael and Sanchez appears to have been the most thorough one conducted, and because the foremen found nothing new or different with regard to the Gate during their subsequent inspections, the Court will focus on the December 3</span><span style="font-size:11pt; position:relative;font-size:0.58em; bottom: 1ex;font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">rd</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>inspection for purposes of discussing the perceived deficiencies raised by the Secretary.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn39" href="#ftnref39"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">38 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The exposed wiring may have constituted its own electrical<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">hazard,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>but such hazard was not charged in the Citation against Respondent</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, only the hazard posed by<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">moving<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">the Gate</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">’s</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>panel</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">See, e.g.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">A.L. Baumgartner Constr., Inc.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 1995 (No. 92-1022, 1994) (cut electrical cord constituted an electrical hazard).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn40" href="#ftnref40"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">39 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>As noted in note<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">supra,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the only evidence as to how the motor would operate the Gate came from the CSHO</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">whose own knowledge only came from viewing a</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>YouTube</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>video of a similar gate opening. (Tr. 313-14).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn41" href="#ftnref41"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">40 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">In brief, t</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">he Court based its findings on Michael and Sanchez’s lack of experience in the installation or operation of rolling gates (Tr. 439-40, 772-73); the lack of any clear evidence in the record as to how motorization of the Gate would have allowed it to fully extend safely</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">see<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">note<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">supra</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">; the fact that Raymond’s employees had previously</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">moved the South Panel of the Gate</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>manually</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on multiple occasions without incident (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">A(31); Tr. 152, 222-23, 641-42, 670, 673); Michael’s observation of the Gate in its fully extended state without having seen the process by which this had been accomplished</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>leading to his reasonable belief that it could be fully extended safely</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶ A(12); Tr. 625-28, 675-76, 754-58, 770; Ex. C-28); Michael’s misapprehension o</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">f</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the function of the roller guide (Tr. 676, 718-19); the lack of any chains, barricades, warnings signs, or physical barriers associated with the Gate (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">A(30); Tr. 68, 723-24, 753); and</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>finally</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the lack of notice from anyone with greater knowledge or charge of the Gate, particularly PENTA or NLS, that manually moving the Gate could pose a hazard</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>despite Raymond twice alerting PENTA’s supervisors of its intentions to paint the Gate</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on December 7, 2020.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">J. Stip.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶ A(27)-(29);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. 483-87, 540-42, 555-58, 771-72; Ex. C-18).</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn42" href="#ftnref42"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">41 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The Secretary faults Respondent for its use of the “generic and preprinted” JHA form, Exhibit C-16, which was more general and not specifically tailored to the task of painting the Gate. (Sec’y’s Br. 17). The Court notes that nothing in the standard requires written documentation of any kind. In any event, this document was redundant, given that Raymond was required to complete the Daily Huddle form by PENTA, a document which contained<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">similar</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>information regarding hazards and abatement methods</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for daily tasks</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>which</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">was</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>filled out specifically for the task of painting the Gate</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Compare<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Ex. C-16,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">at 12,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">with<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Ex. C-17</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">see also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. 346-48, 383-84, 446-48, 462-63</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">).</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:9.6px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn43" href="#ftnref43"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">42 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The Secretary faults Respondent for conducting its safety meeting at the Conex, 500 feet away from the loading dock area, instead of at or near the Gate itself. (Sec’y’s Br. 27-28). The Secretary also faults Respondent for failing to conduct an inspection of the Gate on December 7 prior to moving the South Panel. (</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Id.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at 28). Regarding the former argument, Michael sufficiently explained that all hazards ascertained during his inspection</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on December 3</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>were incorporated into the morning safety meeting</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on December 7</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(Tr. 543-45), and the Court does not find the Secretary has adequately explained how h</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">olding</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>this safety meeting at or near the Gate would have changed the nature or content of th</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">e</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>information conveyed to Raymond’s employees</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">. Regarding the latter argument, the Court has already rejected the Secretary’s contention that no inspection was performed on December 7 prior to moving the Gate.</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">See<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">note<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; "></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">supra</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:11pt; ">.</span></p>
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