P. 1 

# OAR Box 1865 Prepped byCharmelle Mathews



## Document

Number: 

# 78 ) IV-J-2 1 Docket Number: 

# A-83-2 7

Printed 12/3/20089:15:31 AM

Sheet 78of 105P. 2 

# A-83-2 7 IV-J-2 1 DOE/FE/60181-212 7 (D E •)

FLUIDIZE D BE

D COMBUSTIO

N O F LOW-RAN

KCOAL S Fina l Repor t fo rth e Perio d Endin g Jun e 30 , 198 6

B y M.D . Man n D.R . Hajice k B.J . Zobec k D.P . Kalmanovitc h M.H . Bobma

n R.J . Kadrma

s N.S . Grewa l

Septembe r198 6 Wor k Performe d Unde rCooperativ e Agreemen t No . DE-FC21-83FE6018 1 Fo r U.S . Departmen t o fEnerg y Offic e o fFossi l Energ y Morgantow n Energ yTechnolog yCente r Gran d Fork s Projec t Offic e Gran d Forks , Nort h Dakot a

B y Universit y

o f Nort hDakot a Energy Researc hCente r GrandForks , N

D TECHNICA L INFORMATION CENTE R U.S . DEPARTMEN T O

F ENERGYP. 3

DOE / FE / 6 0181.-212 7 - Distributio n Categor yUC-9 0

FLUIDIZE D BE

D COMBUSTIO

N O F LOW-RANKCOAL

S Fina l Report fo rth e Perio d Endin g June-30 , 1986 B y M.D . Mann , D.R . Hajicek , B.J . Zobeck , D.P . Kalmanovitc h M.H . Bobman , R.J . Kadrmas , an d N.S . Grewa l Universit yo fNort h Dakot a Energ yResearc h Cente r

Bo x8213 , Universit yStatio n Gran d Forks , Nort h Dakot a 5820 2

Septembe r198 6 Technica l Projec tOffice r- Harve yM . Nes s Prepare d Fo r Unite d State s Departmen t o fEnerg y Offic e o fFossi l Energ y Morgantow n Energ yTechnolog yCente r Gran d Fork s Projec t Offic e Gran d Forks , Nort h Dakot a

Unde rCooperativ e Agreemen t Mo . DE-FC21-83FE6018 1P. 4

TABLE 3.2. 3 CHEMICA LANALYSI S O

F LIMESTON E ^eston e Typ e j-^inpnta l Analysis : SiO ? Al 2 & 3 

### Fe 2 

### ° 3 Ca o Mg O . N a 2 0 S0 3 Moistur e Los s o n Ignitio n Bi g Horn , M T Percen t 

### 1. 6 0. 3 0. 2 53. 9 0. 3 0. 0 0. 2 0. 2 43. 3 Paris , T X Percen t 

### 2. 7 0. 4 0. 5 55. 1 0. 3 0. 0 0. 1 0. 2 40. 0 4 . Aflu e ga

s syste m consistin g o ftw o cyclones , a hea texchanger , an d a baghouse ; an d 5 . Asamplin g syste m capabl e o fmeasurin g an d recordin g th e O2 , COo , CO , N0 X , SO2 , an d tota l hydrocarbo n concentration s o fth e flu e gas . Amor e detaile d descriptio n o fth e tes tsyste m has bee n presente d previousl y(35) .

3.2. 2 Result s and Discussio n Summarie s o fselecte d dat a point s fro m testin g o fth e fou rcoal s ar e presente d a s Table s 3.2.4 , 3.2.5 , 3.2.6 , an d 3.2.7 . Thi s dat a has bee n analyze d usin g regressio n analysi s t o determin e th e effect s o fth e mai n parameter s an d th e performanc e characteristic s o fth e AFBC . The regressio n equation s an d plot s o fth e dat a follo wfo rth e mai n variable s studied .

3.2.2. 1 Sulfu rRetentio n Sulfu roxide s (S0 2 an d SO3 ) release d durin g AFB C ar e controlle d by reaction s wit h calciu m o rothe ralkalin e sorbent s t o for m a sulfur-retainin g soli d whic h i s thermall ystabl e a t operatin g conditions . Flui d bed combustor s firin g hig h sulfu rcoal s typicall yrel yo n th e additio n o flimeston e a s th e sourc e o fcalciu m fo rth e captur e o fSO2 . Som e low-sulfur , low-ran k coal s naturall ycontai n enoug h alkalin e as h fo rsufficien tsulfu rcaptur e t o mee t th e 197 9 Ne

wSourc e Performanc e Standard s (NSPS) withou t th e additio n o f auxiliar ysorben t materials . Th e inheren t alkalin e component s containe d i n th e LR C responsibl e fo rsulfu rcaptur e ar e calciu m an d sodium . Th e hig h alkalin e as h an d lo wsulfu rresult s i n hig h alkali/sulfu r(A/S ) ratio s fo r man yLRC s allowin g operatio n usin g "inert " be d material s o rver ylo wadditio n rate s o fsulfur-sorbin g material . 35ttt Smb___— _j_sm,r. ^4

i ~^^m---_^v-i^/r,^ P. 5

RemoveaOi e Doo r Coa l Hoppe r

Coa l an d Additive Fee d Syste m

Fluidize d Be d Figur e 3.2.1 . Schemati co fUflDERC' s 2.2 5 ft 2 AFB C facility . 36P. 6

Multipl e regressio n analysi s performe d don e o n th e dat a collecte d .fro m th e te st s o fth e fou rcoals . Term s include d i n th e mode l equation s were selecte d t a 90 % confidenc e level . Th e followin g equation s were foun d t o bes t fi t th e u lfu rretentio n data : Sout h Hallsvill e Texa s Lignit e (Sampl e 1 ) (R 2 = 0.123 ) S R = 19. 2 - 1.8T Sout h Hallsvill e Texa s Lignit e (Sampl e 2 ) (R 2 = 0.620 )

S R = 6.7 8 - 11.7 T+ 5.7 0 - 7.1V D Navaj o Me

wMexic o Subbituminou s (R 2 = 0.902 ) S R = 49. 6 - 8.9 T+ 37.7 A- 9.3A< 2 = 0.990 ) 4.3TA Gibbon s Cree k

Texas Lignit e ( R S R = 71. 5 - 3.3 T= 45.2 A- 2.8 T 18.3A ' + 2.2TA- 2.7T R Sarp yCree k

Montan a Subbituminou s ( R = 0.887 ) (Sulfu rretentio n du e t o th e inheren t alkal i only )

S R = 43. 0 - 15.6 T- 3.1 V+ 16.5 A- 3.1A 2 Sarp yCree k

Montan a Subbituminou s (R 2 = 0.887 ) (Sulfu rretentio n wit h adde d limestone )

S R ** * 53. 2 - 15.6 T- 3.1 V+ 16.5 A- 3.1A 2 + 2.7 R 

## [1 ] [2 ] [3 ] [4 ! [5 ] C6] where : S

R = sulfu rretention , pe t sulfu ri n coa l fee d retaine d i n th e be d T= (be d temperatur e (°F ) - 1550)/10 0 V= (velocit y(fps ) -5)/ 2 D = (stati cbe d heigh t (ft ) - 2.5)/0. 4 A= (alkali/sulfu r- 3.5)/ 3 R ** * - 1 fo rno as h recycle , + 1 fo r50 % as h reinjectio n I t i s apparen t fro m th e analysi s tha t be d temperatur e an d A/S rati o ar e th e tw o mai n parameter s affectin g sulfu rretention . Sulfu rretentio n i s plotte d as a functio n o ftemperatur e i n Figure s 3.2. 2 an d 3.2. 3 fo rSout h Hallsvill e an d Sarp yCree k coals , respectively . Figure s 3.2. 4 an d 3.2. 5 ar e plot s o fsulfu rretentio n a s a functio n o ftemperatur e a tvariou s A/ S ratio s fo rGibbon s Cree k

an d Navaj o coals , respectively . I n Figure s 3.2. 6 an d 3.2.7 , sulfu rretentio n i s plotte d versu s A/S rati o fo rSarp yCree k (wit h an d withou t as h recycle ) an d Navaj o coal s (differen ttemperatures) , respectively . Th e optimu m temperatur e fo rsulfu rretentio n i s typicall yi n th e 1400 ° t o 1500° F rang e (35) . Th e plotte d dat a indicat e tha tth e optimu m temperature s fo r sulfu rcaptur e ar e les s tha n 1450° F fo rth e Sout h Hallsville , Sarp yCreek , an d Navaj o coals . I t i s difficul tt o discer n th e optimu m temperatur e fo rGibbo n Cree k lignite , thoug h i tappear s t o occu rnea r1550°F . Increasin g th e A/ S rati o (b yaddin g additiona l sorbent ) i s shown t o caus e ver ysignifican t increase s i n sulfu rretention . Al l coal s teste d excep tSarp yCree k subbituminou s wil l requir e substantia l amount s o fadde d sorben tt o meet197 9 Ne wSourc e Performanc e Standard s (NSPS) . Th e Gibbon s Cree k coa l require d limeston e additio n rate s rangin g fro m 1 7 t o 40 % o fth e coa l fee d rate , dependin g o n th e tes t conditions . Thi s equate s t o adde d A/ S ratio s o f3. 7 t o 8.9 . 

### 4 1P. 7

'- - • '^'J'T.i'SlZV'r^..*:>-'•:~c*:-*?'^''> r•?-,*? r ;^:,'-...~~S'S'—:.:?%'f^-.l:*?: •^•^rY?'':\^'t.**S^<r.:^ ^

GA S VELOCITY' S FPS , EXCES S AIR-2 0 % N O AS H RECYCL E __ N O LIMESTON E ADDITIO N

1.4 7 1.4. 9 T 1 1—~ r 1.5 3 1.5 S 1.5 7 (Thousands ) BE D TEMPERATUR E (F ) 1.6 5 

### Figur e 3.2.2 .

8 0 7 0 - O 6 0 - 

### z o I 

### z u h UJ oe ac 3 u .

_l 3 «f l 5 0 - 4 0 - 3 0 - 2 0 - 1 0 

### Sulfu rRetentio n a s a functio n o ftemperatur e a t variou s be d depth s whe

n burnin g Sout h Hallsvill e lignite .

»«n t Additio n & As h Rscycl s

jhsrsn t As h Onl y
Velocity* * 5 ft./sec . Exces s Air* * 2 0 pet . Stati cBe d (Depth** 2. 2 ft . As h Recycle* * 50 % Coa l Fee d Sorben t Rate* * Adde d A/ S of2. 0 1.44 . 1.4 8 — I I 1 1 1.5 2 1.5 6 (Thousands ) BE D TEMPERATUR E (°F ) 1.6 0 — I 1.6 4 

### Figur e 3.2.3 . Sulfu rretentio n a s a functio n o ftemperatur e showin g th e effec t o fsorben t additio n and ash recycl e a s compared t o inheren t as h when-burnin g SarpyCree k subbituminou s coal . 4 2P. 8

*, Z g P z u i I b J K Q* * ! 5 3 t n rX i J-,r f ^•'-^i - --* : • *!-X * "'• : :\* ' "t ^ •••» • -!•:.*-'» ' «V^:»Da<^f*'i"V."« ; 10 0 -»* . 9 0 H 8 0 7 0 - 6 0 - 5 0 - 4 0 - 3 0 - VELOCITY' S T O 7 FP S EXCES S AIR-20 % RECYCLE-50% COAL FEE D BE D OEPTH-2. 1 F

T A/S=6. 7

A/S=3. 7

i 1 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 r 1.5 1 1.5 3 1.5 5 1.5 7 1.5 9 1.6 1 1.6 3 1.6 5

(Thousands ) BE D TEMPERATUR E (F ) Figur e 3.2.4 . Sulfu rretentio n a s a functio n o ftemperatur e a t variou s A/ S ratio s when-burnin g Gibbon s Cree k Lignite . 10 0 9 0 4 8 0 A



### z o 1 - 

### z U l H U l 

### oc 0_ 3 l i .

_ 1 3 V) 7 0 6 0 5 0 4 0 3 0 2 0 10- 1

~ l 1 1 1 i 1 1 1 r 1.4 5 1.4 7 1.4 9 1.5 1 1.5 3 1.5 5 1.5 7 1.5 9 1.6 1 1.6 3 1.6 5 (Thousands ) TEMPERATUR E (F ) Figur e 3.2.5 . Sulfur e retentio n a s a functio n o ftemperatur e a t variou s A/ S ratio s when-burnin g Sarp yCree k subbituminou s coal .

4 3P. 9

- •-'v''j^irrx^.-r'_.-"_^"\-..\ ,- p^- , 10 0



### z o H 

### z U J I - U J I E K 3 Lu

- J 3 tf) 9 0 - 8 0 - 7 0 - 6 0 - 5 0 - 4 0 1.0 0 As h Rsinlsetlo n As h R«In|«ctIo n

3.0 0 T1 - * "

9.0 0 T T

7.0 0 ALKAU-TO-SULFU R RATI O Be d Temperature* : U5 0 ° P Velocity* * 5 ft./sec . Stati cBe d Depth s 2. 2 ft . Exces s Air s 2 0 pet .

•i i i i 9.0 0 11.0 0 13.0 0 Figur e 3.2.6 . Sulfu rretentio n a s a functio n o fA/ S rati o showin g th e effec t o fas h recycl e when-burnin g Sarp yCree k subbituminou s coal .

z o U i I — U i oc o r 3 3 tn

ALKAU-TO-SULFU R RATI O Figur e 3.2.7 . Sulfu rretentio n a s a functio n o fA/S rati o o fvariou s bed temperature s when-burnin g Navaj o subbituminou s coal . i

4 4