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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; margin-left:240px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">United States of America</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:center; margin-left:96px; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; margin-left:192px; text-indent:1.746cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1120 20th Street, N.W., Ninth Floor</span></p>
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					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Washington, DC 20036-3419</span></p>
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										<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; margin-right:49.333px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">SECRETARY OF LABOR,</span></p>
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										<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:center; margin-right:49.333px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complainant,</span></p>
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										<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; margin-right:49.333px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">JERSEY CITY MEDICAL CENTER</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span></p>
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										<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:center; margin-right:49.333px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent.</span></p>
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							<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">OSHRC D</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ocket</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
									</span>N</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">o</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. 1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">7</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">0249</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="line-height:1; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">Appearances:</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">Kate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">O’Scannlain</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">, Solicitor of Labor</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="line-height:1; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Jeffrey S. Rogoff, Regional Solicitor</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="line-height:1; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Marc G. Sheris, Senior Trial Attorney</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="line-height:1; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">U.S. Department of Labor, Office of the Solicitor,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">New York, New York</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="line-height:1; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Mark J. Blunda, Esquire</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="line-height:1; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">Apruzzese</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">, McDermott,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">Mastro</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>& Murphy, P.C., Warren, New Jersey<span>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="line-height:1; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">For the Respondent</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="line-height:1; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">Before:</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">Covette Rooney</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_BodyText style_BodyText " style="line-height:1; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">Chief<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; ">Administrative Law Judge</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:13pt; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:center; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">DECISION AND ORDER</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>On<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Sunday</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">June 2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">6</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 201</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">6</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">general maintenance mechanic<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Jersey City Medical Center (JCMC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>or Respondent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) stood on a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">n A-frame<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ladder<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in the hallway of the labor and delivery wing of Respondent’s hospital<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">work on<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ceiling<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">fluorescent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>light fixture</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">While working on the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">light<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">fixture, the mechanic received an electric shock and fell off the ladder to the ground, hitting his head. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The mechanic was placed in the intensive care unit<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">of the hospital<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">later<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">died. The<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">autopsy report indicated that the manner of the mechanic’s death was an accident caused by blunt impact injuries of the head, with a contributory cause of electrocution. </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">T</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he Occupational Safety and Health</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Administration (OSHA)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>investigated<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">this matter<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">from<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">June 28</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to December<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">15</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 2016</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>pursuant to the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, 29 U.S.C. §§ 651-678 (OSH Act).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">During the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>course of</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>investigation, OSHA noted that another<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">mechanic</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">JCMC worked on live</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">current during his duties<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">devoted to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">electrical circuits.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">After its investigation, OSHA issued to JCMC a citation alleging violations of OSHA’s electrical safety and training standards<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">found at 29 C.F.R. Part 1910 Subpart<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">S</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>proposing a total penalty of $174,593. JCMC filed a timely notice of contest, bringing this matter before the Occupational Safety and Health Review<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">C</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ommission (Commission). A hearing was held in New York, New York from</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>April 24 – April 27, 2018.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Both parties filed post-hearing briefs and post-hearing reply briefs. As discussed below, the citations and proposed penalties are affirmed.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">JURISDICTION AND COVERAGE</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The record establishes that Respondent filed a timely notice of contest and that, as of the date of the alleged violation, it was an employer engaged in business affecting commerce within the meaning of section 3(3) and 3(5) of the Act. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">S</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">ee<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Complaint & Answer</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at ¶¶ </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">3,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">9</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Second A</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">mended Joint Prehearing Statement<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at 8</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-9</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>¶¶ A, B</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Based upon the record, the undersigned concludes that the Commission has jurisdiction over the parties and subject matter in this case, and Respondent is covered under the Act.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">STIPULATIONS</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">The parties stipulated to the following facts:<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">A.</span>Jersey City Medical Center is a not-for-profit corporation organized under the laws of the State of New Jersey and maintains its principle office at 355 Grand Street, Jersey City, New Jersey. It is a hospital doing business in the State of New Jersey.<span>
				</span></p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">B.</span>Many of the materials and supplies used and/or manufactured by respondent corporation originated and/or were shipped from outside the State of New Jersey.<span>
				</span></p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">C.</span>As a result of an inspection by an authorized representative of the Complainant, JCMC was issued two citations for violations on December 21, 2016. Citation No. 1 contained five (5) items and sub-items. Citation No. 2 contained one (1) item. The contested items of the citations contained six (6) items and alleged that at a worksite located at 355 Grand Street, Jersey City, New Jersey 07302, violations occurred at the places, dates and times alleged in the citations.<span>
				</span></p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">D.</span>JCMC hired<span>
				</span>[the decedent]<span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref2" href="#ftn2">1</a></span><span><span></span>
				</span>as a Maintenance Mechanic on or about August 5, 2015.<span>
				</span></p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="padding-right:20px;">E.</span>On August 4, 2016, Lawrence<span>
				</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
				</span>attempted to change a ballast. He failed to use a toggle switch lock-out device after he cut the power to a ballast.<span>
				</span></p>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">(Second Amended Joint Prehearing Statement at 8-9.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">BACKGROUND</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">JCMC’s<span>
					</span>physical plant<span>
					</span>consists of a seven-story hospital and approximately five or six<span>
					</span>additional auxiliary buildings. (Tr. at 293.) Out of<span>
					</span>the approximately 2,300 employees working for JCMC, including the<span><span></span>
					</span>medical professionals<span>
					</span>that<span>
					</span>provide care to patients;<span><span></span>
					</span>about 22<span>
					</span>of them<span>
					</span>work in the<span>
					</span>Facilities<span>
					</span>Department. (Tr. 335, 538.) The<span>
					</span>Facilities<span>
					</span>Department of JCMC maintains, repairs and renovates<span><span></span>
					</span>JCMC’s<span>
					</span>physical plant<span><span></span>
					</span>and facilities, performing<span>
					</span>various<span>
					</span>tasks in and around the<span><span></span>
					</span>hospital and auxiliary<span>
					</span>buildings<span><span></span>
					</span>such<span>
					</span>as<span>
					</span>changing ceiling tiles, unplugging<span><span></span>
					</span>toilets, patching<span>
					</span>walls,<span>
					</span>minor<span><span></span>
					</span>plumbing, and snow removal. <span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See, e.g.</span>,<span>
					</span>Ex. S-1 at 1 (job description for general maintenance mechanic); Tr. 38, 179, 249.<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>The task at issue in this case<span>
					</span>is<span>
					</span>changing out a lightbulb and ballast of<span>
					</span>a fluorescent light fixture.</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Incident</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Respondent’s security video footage shows the decedent on the ladder, arms above his head, working on something<span><span></span>
					</span>above him<span><span></span>
					</span>that is obscured in the video. (Ex. S-26 (decedent in the<span>
					</span>rear of the corridor on the ladder).) A row of<span>
					</span>lights<span>
					</span>running down the centerline of the long hallway<span>
					</span>is<span><span></span>
					</span>illuminated, as they are<span>
					</span>reflected in the floor of the long hallway,<span><span></span>
					</span>showing up as white circles. The decedent is working on what looks like a separate light alongside the centerline row of lights. <span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Compare</span><span><span></span>
					</span>Exs. S-26<span><span></span>
					</span>(video showing row of lights)<span><span></span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">and</span><span><span></span>
					</span>S-23 (picture of decedent’s light fixture). Around the 7 second mark<span><span></span>
					</span>of the security video,<span>
					</span>all of<span><span></span>
					</span>the<span>
					</span>lights<span>
					</span>suddenly<span>
					</span>go out, the decedent falls off the ladder to the ground, and<span>
					</span>medical<span>
					</span>personnel<span><span></span>
					</span>who were passing by the ladder without concern<span>
					</span>quickly<span><span></span>
					</span>jump away from the ladder with surprise and<span>
					</span>concern. (Ex. S-26; Tr. at 457-460.) The<span><span></span>
					</span>decedent passed away a few weeks<span>
					</span>later<span><span></span>
					</span>due to this incident, and the<span><span></span>
					</span>autopsy report states that a contributing cause to the decedent’s<span>
					</span>death was electrocution. (Ex. S-6 at 4.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">JCMC convened a “Root Cause Analysis” (RCA) committee shortly after the incident<span><span></span>
					</span>to determine<span>
					</span>“what happened,” “how it happened,” to see if “it is a process issue”<span>
					</span>and<span>
					</span>to determine “what type of remediation can be taken, what type of corrective action.” <span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See, e.g.</span>,<span>
					</span>Tr. 15, 29, 77, 83,<span>
					</span>89-93, 100, 106-107; Ex. S-9. Committee members included JCMC upper management, nurse witnesses, and<span>
					</span>the<span>
					</span>Director<span><span></span>
					</span>(Edward Grogan), the<span>
					</span>Coordinator<span>
					</span>(George<span><span></span>
					</span>Adamson)<span>
					</span>and the<span>
					</span>Electrician<span>
					</span>(Steve Okon)<span>
					</span>of the<span><span></span>
					</span>Facilities<span>
					</span>Department. (Ex. S-9 at 2.) Respondent states<span><span></span>
					</span>the following as facts:<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">84. The consensus of the RCA Committee was that<span>
					</span>[the decedent]<span>
					</span>was doing his rounds, observed something with the light, and attempted to address it. (S.N. T107).<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">85. The Root Cause Analysis determination was that if it was electrical work, he should not have been doing it. (S.N. T107.12).<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">(Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Br. 14.) No written work orders are in the record and no verbal instruction<span><span></span>
					</span>from any supervisor<span><span></span>
					</span>to the decedent is established directing him to work on that fluorescent light fixture on the day of the incident.  </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>During<span>
					</span>OSHA’s<span><span></span>
					</span>investigation of this incident,<span>
					</span>OSHA<span>
					</span>Compliance<span><span></span>
					</span>Safety Health<span><span></span>
					</span>Officer, Industrial Hygienist (CO) Jennifer<span>
					</span>Consalazio<span><span></span>
					</span>interviewed many members of Respondent’s staff,<span>
					</span>including another general maintenance mechanic of the<span>
					</span>Facilities<span>
					</span>Department, Lawrence<span>
					</span>Dapat. (Tr. at<span>
					</span>247,<span>
					</span>437-555.) Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>is<span>
					</span>tasked with addressing fluorescent light fixtures,<span><span></span>
					</span>and written work orders are in the record establishing<span><span></span>
					</span>that<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>was assigned the task to<span>
					</span>address light fixtures and<span>
					</span>“replace<span>
					</span>ballasts”<span>
					</span>on June 24, 2016<span><span></span>
					</span>and July 25, 2016. (Tr. 505-508; Ex. S-3.) Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>also<span><span></span>
					</span>testified that<span>
					</span>he<span>
					</span>“worked live,”<span><span></span>
					</span>meaning working on live electric current,<span>
					</span>once<span>
					</span>so as not to interrupt the medical activity in the immediate area<span><span></span>
					</span>and also, once,<span><span></span>
					</span>he<span><span></span>
					</span>changed a ballast without “locking out and tagging out” while he was “alone in the room”<span><span></span>
					</span>on August 4, 2016. (Tr.<span>
					</span>269-270,<span>
					</span>290-292);<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also</span><span><span></span>
					</span>Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Br. 27;<span><span></span>
					</span>Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Reply Br.<span><span></span>
					</span>1-3.<span><span></span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>
				</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">What is a Ballast?<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">How to Repair a Fluorescent Light Fixture</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The task at issue begins when a light is out<span><span></span>
					</span>and must be turned back on. The sources in the record addressing<span>
					</span>aspects of<span>
					</span>how<span>
					</span>to<span><span></span>
					</span>repair<span><span></span>
					</span>the light fixture at issue in this case include the two electricians that testified in this case,<span><span></span>
					</span>Steve Okon<span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref3" href="#ftn3">2</a></span><span><span></span>
					</span>(JCMC’s electrician) and<span>
					</span>Christopher<span><span></span>
					</span>Vanella<span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref4" href="#ftn4">3</a></span><span><span></span>
					</span>(the electrician contractor JCMC hired to investigate the incident), as well as<span>
					</span>Dapat. They all<span><span></span>
					</span>testified consistently with each other to the multi-step process that<span>
					</span>reveals<span><span></span>
					</span>the electrical hazards<span><span></span>
					</span>associated with working with the fluorescent light fixture at issue<span><span></span>
					</span>here. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Pictures in the record show that the light fixture<span>
					</span>that the decedent worked on<span>
					</span>is circular and mounted<span>
					</span>overhead in<span><span></span>
					</span>the ceiling. (Tr. at 465-467;<span>
					</span>Exs. S-20, S-23.) According to JCMC electrician Okon, the task of restoring light<span>
					</span>to this light fixture<span>
					</span>might<span>
					</span>entail<span>
					</span>more than<span>
					</span>simply<span>
					</span>switching out the light bulb. As<span>
					</span>Okon<span><span></span>
					</span>testified,<span>
					</span>the worker<span><span></span>
					</span>first<span><span></span>
					</span>attempts to switch out the light bulb. (Tr. at 148.) If the light bulb does not illuminate,<span>
					</span>however,<span>
					</span>there are two possible additional issues that would<span>
					</span>need to be explored:<span>
					</span>(1)<span>
					</span>the power might be interrupted,<span>
					</span>or<span>
					</span>(2)<span>
					</span>the ballast of the<span>
					</span>fluorescent<span><span></span>
					</span>light fixture would need to be replaced.<span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref5" href="#ftn5">4</a></span>
				</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Okon explained<span>
					</span>that a<span><span></span>
					</span>ballast “transforms energy to start up a fluorescent light bulb,”<span><span></span>
					</span>it “provides power for lighting.” (Tr. at 147, 198.) Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>testified that a ballast<span>
					</span>“is a transformer to power the fluorescent bulbs.” (Tr. at 250.) The ballast that powered the light fixture that the decedent worked on was powered by 277<span><span></span>
					</span>volts. (Tr. at 147.) Both<span>
					</span>Okon<span><span></span>
					</span>and<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>testified that, even after the power is switched off from the circuit, there may be power leftover in the ballast<span><span></span>
					</span>that must be<span>
					</span>addressed. (Tr. at 148, 250.) Otherwise, especially in the<span>
					</span>instance<span><span></span>
					</span>of an “emergency ballast,” the worker could get “quite a shock.” (Tr. at 149.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Okon<span><span></span>
					</span>testified<span>
					</span>that the<span>
					</span>preliminary<span><span></span>
					</span>procedure for changing a ballast<span><span></span>
					</span>includes the following steps: (1) de-energize the circuit, (2)<span>
					</span>lock out/tag out the circuit, and (3)<span>
					</span>verify<span>
					</span>using a non-contact<span>
					</span>pen tester or a meter<span>
					</span>that<span><span></span>
					</span>no residual power is leftover<span><span></span>
					</span>in the ballast.<span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref6" href="#ftn6">5</a></span> (Tr. at 148-151, 222.) <span><span></span>
					</span>Vanella, the electrician contractor tasked by JCMC to investigate the light fixture after the incident,<span><span></span>
					</span>also described how he safely approached inspecting the light fixture, corroborating<span>
					</span>Okon’s<span><span></span>
					</span>testimony regarding the (1) de-energization and (2) lockout/tag out steps.<span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref7" href="#ftn7">6</a></span>
				</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Once the ballast has been de-energized and grounded, the<span><span></span>
					</span>worker is now tasked to “wire and re-wire” the ballast, where the worker will be splicing or twisting wires that require a nimble<span>
					</span>touch. (Tr. at<span>
					</span>150,<span>
					</span>350-351.) JCMC<span>
					</span>general<span>
					</span>maintenance mechanics and<span>
					</span>its<span>
					</span>electrician do not wear voltage rated safety gloves while working on this task. (Tr. at 202, 271-272, 544-545, 547.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Work Orders in the record establish that the decedent replaced ballasts routinely in the months leading up to the date of the incident. The Secretary<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">summarized the evidence</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>in his brief<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the following</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>manner</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">:</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exhibits S-2 and S-32 comprise the entire printout by Adamson that day for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[the decedent’s]<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Work Orders for the previous six months before his death (Tr. 502). Adamson told the CSHO that this set of Work Orders has an identifying number for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[the decedent],</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>which was 58 (Tr. 508).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>In Exhibit S-2:<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">• Work Order number 138496.1 RO lists the job assignment for “replace ballast” and is dated February 28, 2016 (Tr. 503).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">• Work Order number 138765.1 RO lists the job assignment for “replace ballast” and is dated March 8, 2016 (Tr. 503).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">• Work Order number 139521.1 RO lists the job assignment for “lights out/replace ballasts” and is dated April 4, 2016 (Tr. 504).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">• Work Order number 139522.1 RO lists the job assignment for “lights out/replace ballast” and is dated April 4, 2016 (Tr. 504).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">• Work Order number 139727.1 RO lists the job assignment for “lights out/replace ballast” and is dated April 6, 2016 (Tr. 504).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">• Work Order number 139729.1 RO lists the job assignment for “lights out/replace ballast” and is dated April 6, 2016 (Tr. 504).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">• Work Order number 140717.1 RO lists the job assignment for “lights out/replace ballast in hallway” and is dated April 6, 2016.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">• Work Order number 140743.1 RO lists the job assignment for “lights out/change ballast” and is dated May 8, 2016 (Tr. 504).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Sec’y<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Br.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">7.) The Secretary also summarized the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Work Orders in the record establishing that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>replaced ballasts<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">during<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the month before and after the incident:</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exhibits S-3 and S-33 comprise the entire printout by Adamson that day for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Work Orders for the previous month (Tr. 506). Adamson told the CSHO that this<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">set of Work Orders has an identifying number for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, which was 55 (Tr. 508). In Exhibit S-3:<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">• Work Order number 142082.1 RO lists the job assignment for “lights out/change ballast in hallway” and is dated June 24, 2016 (Tr. 508).<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; margin-right:48px; ">• Work Order number 142747.1 RO lists the job assignment for “replace ballast” and is dated July 25, 2016 (Tr. 508).</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">(Sec’y<span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>7.) Respondent did not dispute this recitation of the work order evidence<span>
					</span>in its Reply Brief. <span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">The Decedent Failed to De-Energize the Light Fixture</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Okon investigated the light fixture shortly after the incident<span><span></span>
					</span>(“no more than a day” after the incident). (Tr. at 182.) Okon testified that he “carefully removed the ceiling tile and I noticed right away a wire, exposed wire, which should be in the ballast, it was a live wire. I immediately taped it up, put a wire nut on it. And I reported to my Director what my findings.” (Tr. at 182.) Okon<span>
					</span>further testified that:</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">that one wire should not be left removed. I believe it was the last thing he did when he got shocked. There<span>
					</span>was<span><span></span>
					</span>some burn marks in the ceiling grate...I inspected visually only. Put my pen tester on that wire, it was live. I put a wire nut on it. I looked around for any additional damage above the ceiling, did not find any except the burn mark. I closed the ceiling tile back on, put it back in and reported to my Director.</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">(Tr. at 182-183.)  </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Vanella<span><span></span>
					</span>also<span>
					</span>investigated the<span>
					</span>decedent’s<span>
					</span>light fixture<span><span></span>
					</span>days later<span>
					</span>around June 29, 2016. (Tr. at 241-242; Tr. at Ex. S-8.) He was contracted by the Director of the Facilities Department, Edward Grogan, to<span>
					</span>see “if there’s anything going on in the fixture that shouldn’t have been.” <span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr. at 237.) Vanella<span><span></span>
					</span>testified that when he arrived to check out the fixture,<span>
					</span>all of<span><span></span>
					</span>the corridor lights were on, and the black wire with the wing nut on it that was “feeding” the decedent’s light was live with 277<span><span></span>
					</span>volts. (Tr. at 244.) He determined that a switch at the nearby nurse’s station controlled the corridor of lights and shut off the switch to determine if it also controlled the light<span>
					</span>that the decedent had been working on. (Tr. at 244.) “At that time I realized I had a switch control, so I went up to the nurse’s station, we shut the switch down and I found out that it was – because I saw the lights go out in the corridor and I tested it again and the light was out. Okay, and I locked it out.” (Tr. at 245.) He then agreed that the decedent’s light was controlled by that switch at the nurse’s station. (Tr. at 245.) Vanella<span><span></span>
					</span>did not testify to any existence of residual power leftover in the<span><span></span>
					</span>ballast<span><span></span>
					</span>of that light fixture,<span><span></span>
					</span>he testified that he did not see any other ballast in the area, and he testified that he<span>
					</span>subsequently<span>
					</span>connected the existing ballast and “it worked.” (Tr. at 245.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">As noted above, the video of the incident establishes that<span>
					</span>all of<span><span></span>
					</span>the lights in the corridor were on immediately before the decedent’s incident, and then all of the lights went out immediately after decedent’s incident. (Ex. S-26.) This video evidence, combined with<span>
					</span>both<span>
					</span>Okon’s<span><span></span>
					</span>and<span>
					</span>Vanella’s<span><span></span>
					</span>testimony that the black wire that fed into the ballast that powered the decedent’s light fixture was still “live”<span>
					</span>when they investigated the fixture and that the existing ballast was still operational after<span>
					</span>Vanella<span><span></span>
					</span>hooked it back up,<span>
					</span>supports a finding that, rather than being shocked by any residual stored energy in the ballast, the decedent had instead failed to de-energize the light fixture prior to working on it. If the decedent had de-energized the circuit, the<span>
					</span>decedent’s light fixture, and its ballast,<span><span></span>
					</span>would no<span><span></span>
					</span>longer have been part of the circuit of the corridor of lights, and the ensuing shock would not have affected the row of lights<span><span></span>
					</span>in the corridor like it did in the video. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The decedent was not wearing voltage rated gloves at the time of the incident. (Tr. at 546-547.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Working Live</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Failing to Lock Out/Tag Out<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">and Other</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Electrical Safety Practice Failures</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at JCMC</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Along with the<span>
					</span>decedent’s<span>
					</span>incident, other record evidence establishes that Respondent’s Facilities Department cultivated<span><span></span>
					</span>a prevalence of failing<span>
					</span>to follow proper protocol when working with electrical circuits. Initially, it is noted that even though Respondent asserts that the decedent<span>
					</span>was not qualified or even authorized to change ballasts,<span>
					</span>Respondent had written work orders<span><span></span>
					</span>in place<span><span></span>
					</span>documenting that the decedent was assigned that task at least 8 times prior to the incident. As discussed later, the record also establishes<span>
					</span>that neither the decedent nor<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>were trained in lockout/tag out procedures<span>
					</span>for this assigned task<span>
					</span>before the incident,<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>was not trained until at least mid-July 2016, and the decedent and<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>were addressing light fixtures and changing ballasts without this training.</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Additionally,<span>
					</span>even though<span>
					</span>Associate Vice President<span>
					</span>William Cook and<span><span></span>
					</span>Director<span><span></span>
					</span>Edward Grogan both testified unequivocally that no one is authorized to work “live,”<span>
					</span>the record establishes that<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>failed to follow<span>
					</span>this<span>
					</span>basic electrical safety practice. (Tr. at 30-31, 335-336, 339-340.) Respondent does not dispute that<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>worked<span>
					</span>“live”<span><span></span>
					</span>once, before the incident,<span><span></span>
					</span>because “they were busy working, taking patients – I think it was the lunch, they were taking the lunch orders and they needed the light fixed while there were doing it. And I couldn’t shut it off, they need to see what they were doing.” (Tr. at 269-270, 290-291;<span>
					</span>Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>16.) Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>testified the following as to his understanding of “working live”:<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Q</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Do you know what it means to work live?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Yes.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Q</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Could you describe what that is, working live?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Well basically you're working with wiring that still has electrical current.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Q</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>And is it circuits that have not been de-energized?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Yes.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Q</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>And further locked out and tagged out?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Yes.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">(Tr. at 259.) In this instance therefore, the<span>
					</span>one time<span><span></span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>worked “live”<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">before the incident</span>,<span>
					</span>he not only failed to de-energize the circuit, he also failed to lock out/tag out that circuit. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>record<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">supports a finding that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>addressed light fixtures</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">changed ballasts regularly before the incident. (Tr. at 256.)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>further<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">testified that</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, all of these times before the incident,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>he routinely failed to lock out and tag out when working on ballasts</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, stating that he<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">had never been<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">trained in lockout/tag out procedures<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and that</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>he “never even knew about lockout/tag out.” (Tr. at 267.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">testified that he wore no<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">protective<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">gloves</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at all before August of 2016 “because the circuit would be off. It was working on bare wires</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,” even though he admitted that he never locked out/tagged out the circuits at that time.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">267,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">271-272.) </span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>also</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testified that he would test voltage on ballasts, before June 2016, using a multi-meter to make sure the ballasts were de-energized. (Tr. at 272.) He testified that the leads to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the multi-meter “would be right on the wire.” (Tr. at 272.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As Okon noted, the possibility of stored, residual energy could still be in the ballast, and could still deliver a shock to a worker even if the circuit<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">itself<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">had been de-energized, until the ballast was grounded. (Tr. at 150.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Okon testified that “after testing the circuit, if the voltage is not there and you de-energized,” it was not necessary to wear gloves voltage-rated working on a ballast. (Tr. at 206.) Okon clarified that he believes only qualified people test circuits for changing ballasts. (Tr. at 224.) In the event an unqualified person is changing a ballast, they would “always” be exposed to the hazard because “if they’re not qualified they don’t know how to test it, how to – do they know what voltage is, you know.” (Tr. at 224.) He then agreed it would be safer for someone to wear electrically rated gloves while verifying whether a circuit has been de-energized or locked</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">out/tagged out because “that person is using a voltage meter that comes within inches of the circuits which may be live.” (Tr. at 224.) </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">JCMC maintained its written Hazardous Energy<span><span></span>
					</span>Control Procedures Manual<span>
					</span>on the third floor of the hospital in the mechanical room. (Tr. at 62-63, 228, 316, 463; Ex. R-30.) Grogan duly produced this manual to CO<span>
					</span>Consalazio<span><span></span>
					</span>during OSHA’s inspection on June 28, 2016. (Tr. at 463, 467-468.) Upon receiving it, CO<span>
					</span>Consalazio<span><span></span>
					</span>noted that it was a generic procedure, intended to be tailored to the site-specific equipment of JCMC. (Tr. at 469-470.) It had pages that were not filled<span>
					</span>out and<span><span></span>
					</span>had<span><span></span>
					</span>nothing specific to the light fixtures that the general maintenance mechanics changed. (Tr. at 470; Ex. R-30.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Management of the General Maintena</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">n</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">ce Mechanics</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">multiple<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">instances of</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>disregard for basic electrical safety procedure<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at JCMC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">beg the question of how Respondent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">hired, trained and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">supervised</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">its</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>general maintenance mechanics. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The record establishing the chain of command is<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">murky, especially surrounding who was responsible for ensuring that only appropriately trained employees addressed light fixtures.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">William<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">J. Cook<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was Associate</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Vice President of Support Services<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at the time of the incident<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at JCMC. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">12-13</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 19.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Cook<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was responsible for administrative oversight of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a number of</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>departments, including</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Facilities</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Department</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">According to Cook, t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he Facilities Department “performed maintenance of anything that needed to be done throug</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">hou</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">t the Medical Center.” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">13</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> As the Associate Vice President,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Cook</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>“was the direct report from the Director of Facilities.” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">13</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) The Director of Facilities at the time of the incident was Edward Grogan</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, who<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">took over from<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the previous Director,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Charles Church</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">just<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a few<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">weeks</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>prior to the inciden</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">t. (Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">14-15</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 334</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">According to Grogan, all 22 employees in the Facilities Department reported directly to him</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, including Facilities Coordinator George Adamson</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Tr. at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">335</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 359</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As the Coordinator, Adamson was responsible for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">issuing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>work assignments.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Cook testified that he did not think Adamson, as the coordinator, directly supervised any employees. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">12-14</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) Adamson “gave direction to them,” but the employees reported to Director Grogan.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Grogan testifie</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>that Adamson is not a supervisor, he just coordinates work assignments</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">321</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Adamson</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, on the other hand,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testified that “general maintenance” reported to him. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">362</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) Adamson<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">stated that it is Director<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">G</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">rogan</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">responsibility to make sure that employees<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">received training.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">392, 399-400). Adamson<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">further<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">testified that he does not “know who was trained or who wasn’t trained.” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">400</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Grogan testified that he did not review the qualifications of th</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">e<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employees of the department during the 2-3 weeks he was on the job up to and including the day of the incident. (Tr. at 335.) </span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Electrician Steve Okon,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">General Maintenance Mechanic<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Lawrence<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and the decedent all worked in the Facilities Department. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Okon testified that he reported to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Coordinator<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Adamson or<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Director<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Grogan. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">152</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) Okon reported to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Coordinator<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Adamson “about updates on each task that he was assigned.” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">153</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) Okon<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">also<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">said that he “answers to Ed [Grogan] basically”). (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">177</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Okon was also clear that he himself was not a supervisor. (Tr. at 145.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Okon</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, instead,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testified that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>reported to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Coordinator<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Adamson</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Coordinator<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Adamson was<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>supervisor. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">158</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testified that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Coordinator<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Adamson was his supervisor, and he also “occasionally reported with the Director<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Grogan</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">...if there was a job to be done, when George [Adamson] is away.” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">261</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testified that he would report to Okon “after I changed the bulb and it needs a ballast I would tell Steve [Okon] and then we’d both go,” and then would tell “maybe George [Adamson] after the job was completed.” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">269</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> The record is unclear exactly who supervised the decedent, but the record supports a finding that his supervision was<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">similar to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.<span>
						</span></span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Charles Church, the Director of Facilities</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>from June 2002 to June 2016 (retiring a few weeks before the incident in this case)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was the Director<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">of Facilities<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">when<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the decedent and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>were hired in the Facilities D</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">e</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">partment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Church did not testify<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the hearing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, but</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>CO<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Consalazio</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>interviewed him during the investigation. (Tr. at 536.) CO<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Consalazio</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testified that Church told her that maintenance mechanics normall</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">y</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>changed ballasts, that Adamson “finds” work</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the mechanics</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and that Church</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, as the Director,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>is not involved in the “day-to-day” activity. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">T</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">r. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">53</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">6</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.) Church also told CO<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Consalazio</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>that “he didn’t think that [the decedent] was in the lockout/tag out training in 2014.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">” (Tr. at 53</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">6</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Adamson testified that when the decedent came to him to report that he needed to order more ballasts, Adamson asked the decedent whether he was “doing ballasts,” and the decedent told him yes. (Tr. at 385.) Adamson then testified that he immediately told the decedent to stop changing ballasts</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and then told Church</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the Director at the time, that the decedent was changing ballasts</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and that Adamson</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>had</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>told the decedent “not to do it anymore.” (Tr. at 386.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Adamson testified that it was not his responsibility, it was instead the Director’s responsibility, to take steps to make sure employees received training. (Tr. at 399-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">4</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">00.) He further testified that he would not have “that information” regarding whether an employee needed training related to his job duties (i.e. “I wouldn’t know who was trained or who wasn’t trained.”) (Tr. at 400.)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>started as a general maintenance mechanic in the Facilities Department on April 2, 2015. (Tr. at 516.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testified as to how he became general maintenance mechanic for JCMC. He testified that he used to “do the shuttle. I just shuttle people around. And one of the people I used to shuttle was Charlie Church. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">So</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>I was talking with Charlie about my previous experience and when there was an opening in the general maintenance position I was talking to Charlie about that.” (Tr. at 278.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testified that he</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>applied for the position,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">submitted his resume and interviewed with Church</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and Adamson.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (Tr. at 279</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-280</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.) </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>said that he told Church about his previous<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employment<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">experience</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Tr. at 278.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testified that before working at JCMC, he worked for one year for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Sica</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Electric, an electrical contractor. (Tr. at 282.) He testified that, while working “a little bit with an electrician,” he “learned how to work on [ballasts] safely. Live.” (Tr. at 282.) He explained during a deposition for this case that this project is where<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Sica</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Electric “re-lamped the whole store and just changed<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the ballasts. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Actually</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>we did it live because we couldn’t turn off the lights in the store.” (Tr. at 295.) He testified during deposition that he told Adamson this previous electrical experience at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Sica</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Electric. (Tr. at 294.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>further testified that he did not discuss electrical safety with either Church or Adamson. (Tr. at 278, 280.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>first worked for “several months” on the night shift as a general maintenance mechanic, and then switched to the day shift.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref8" href="#ftn8">7</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (Tr. at 251-252.) </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">During his December 7, 2017 deposition, Okon testified that Adamson never come to him to ask for feedback about<span>
					</span>Dapat’s<span><span></span>
					</span>work, rather<span>
					</span>Okon<span><span></span>
					</span>testified that he took it upon himself to approach Adamson to let him know that<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>was “doing great, you know, I watch him doing such good – doing such things, good choice, you know, basically.” (Tr. at 176.) Also, during his deposition, Okon testified that he and<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>did not talk about whether<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>was trained in lockout/tag out or de-energization or other electrical safety work practices. (Tr. at 186.) A further excerpt from the deposition states:<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">Do you remember if you submitted a position that Mr. Ortiz [Okon’s<span><span></span>
					</span>previous assistant] had and he was going to help you do electrical work, were you aware of any training or experience that Mr.<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>had in electrical work? Answer, line 6: I heard he had some<span>
					</span>experience<span><span></span>
					</span>but I doubt these things until I trained him myself. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">(Tr. at 186.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Respondent hired the decedent on August 5, 2015.<span>
					</span>(Second Amended Joint Prehearing Statement at 9; Tr. at 111.) At the time he was hired, the decedent had training in heating, ventilating and air conditioning, but no training in electrical work. (Tr. at 448-453;<span>
					</span>Exs. S-11 (high school diploma from GM Financial Center in Cooling and Conditioning); S-12 (experience certificate in telecommunications); S-13 (Certificate of Apprenticeship in Metal and Air Condition<span>
					</span>(sic)); S-14 (diplomas from Hudson Technical School in Air Conditioning and Refrigeration); S-15 (resume showing experience in Air Conditioning and Refrigeration); S-16 (Certificate of Completion from National Occupation Competency Testing Institute in HVAC).) (Sec’y<span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>12.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Work Assignments</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The record indicates that general maintenance mechanics come to address a light fixture by one of three ways: (1) a written work order assigned by Coordinator Adamson, (2) verbal instruction over the phone or radio by Coordinator Adamson, Director Grogan, or “a secretary that’s taking phone calls at that moment,” or (3) on their own volition while “making rounds” throughout JCMC’s physical plant. (Tr. at 107, 157, 160-161, 184-185, 268, 365-366, 405-406, 484, 486.) As noted earlier, if a light is out, there are three possible ways to fix it: (1) replace the light bulb, if that does not work, (2) check if there is power to the ballast, and if that does not work, (3) replace the ballast.<span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref9" href="#ftn9">8</a></span> When the<span>
					</span>Facilities<span>
					</span>Department gets a request to fix a light that has gone<span>
					</span>out, Adamson testified that he did not know if it was a simple light bulb fix, or a ballast issue.<span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref10" href="#ftn10">9</a></span> (Tr. at<span>
					</span>406-407.) According to<span>
					</span>Dapat, there are “too many” light fixtures at JCMC. (Tr. at 293.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The record contains at least 8 written work orders that the decedent had been assigned the task to address light fixtures and “replace ballasts” in the months leading up to the date of the incident. (T. 502-504; 638-639 (no objection that the employee number (“58”) associated with the work orders was identified as the decedent’s employee number);<span>
					</span>Exs. S-2, S-32.) On the day of the incident, Adamson did not issue a work order or verbal instruction or call<span>
					</span>the decedent<span><span></span>
					</span>on the radio or give him any assignment that night having to do with any kind of electrical<span>
					</span>task. (Tr. at 405.) <span><span></span>
					</span>Instead, the record establishes that the decedent came upon the light fixture during “his rounds” and addressed the light fixture on his own volition. (Tr. at 107.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">When asked about the multiple work orders documenting the fact that the decedent<span>
					</span>had<span>
					</span>changed multiple ballasts in the months leading up to the incident, Adamson testified that he only issues work orders “for the most part” and that he did not know if he created those specifically. (Tr. at 386-387.) Adamson “absolutely” denied ever giving the decedent an assignment to change ballasts. (Tr. at 384.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Training</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Respondent claims that JCMC “established extensive employee training from initial orientation through mandatory annual training and individual department training.” (Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>40.) Mary<span>
					</span>Cataudella,<span>
					</span>Vice President of Human Resources<span>
					</span>who oversees the new employee orientation program,<span>
					</span>described what<span>
					</span>the two-day<span>
					</span>orientation consists of:</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Yes, it's a two day program which starts</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">off with the CEO and all of his administrators</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">introducing themselves to the employees and asking</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the employees why they came to Jersey City, what</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">their title is and getting them to know each other</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and then the day proceeds with topics such as blood</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">born pathogen, hazardous material, infection control</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">procedures, cultural diversity, Human Resource</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">benefits, policies and procedures, fire safety,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">violent prevention in the work place</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Tr. at 53.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Cataudella</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testified that all new<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">JCMC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employees, no matter their job title, are required to attend this two-day orientation together. (Tr. at 63-64.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">All new hires, representing departments such as dietary, pharmacy, anesthesia a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s well as<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">maintenance,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">are all taught the same<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">lockout/tag out practices<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">discussed</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, among other topics,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>within an hour and a half session entitled “Environ</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">m</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">en</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">t of Care</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>&<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Right to Know, Safety</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Equipment</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, &<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Utilities Management</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Security Management</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, Hazardous Material & Waste Mgmt</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.” (Tr. at 63</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-64</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Ex</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. R-7 at 1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, R-8 at 1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">record establishes that the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">decedent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>attended the two-orientation meeting</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>on August 31 and September 1, 2015.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">111,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">658;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. R-7, R-8.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The record does not<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">similarly<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">establish that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>attended<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>two-day orientation meeting.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref11" href="#ftn11">10</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In addition to this two-day new hire orientation, all JCMC employees are expected to complete annual refresher training of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the same<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">subjects covered in orientation via an online training module. (Tr. at 55-56;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. R-1, R-3, R-4, R-31.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Okon testified that the training in these modules “wasn’t for – to educate how to do the work with electrical, it’s how to do it safe. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">S</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">o</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>it was just about lockout/tag out so you<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">could work safely on anything that comes up.” (Tr. at 181.) These training modules, which served as a refresher to what was taught at orientation, had nothing specifically about changing ballasts. (Tr. at 181.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The decedent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>did not attend the annual<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">refresher</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>training as the incident occurred less than a year into his first year at JCMC.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">111-112</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testified that he recalls the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>annual refresher</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>online modules shown at the hearing, but he did not know when he took the</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>annual refresher</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>training and the record does not establish when he took the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">annual<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">refresher training.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> (Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">286-287.)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> The record does establish, however, that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>completed a course termed “Joint Commission OSHA Compliance Course Electrical Safety” on June 30, 2014, and May 14, 2015. (Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">208</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">; Ex. R-17.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">JCMC<span>
					</span>also provided lockout/tag out training: once<span><span></span>
					</span>on April 23, 2014, and<span>
					</span>then after the incident on<span>
					</span>July 12, 2016. Neither the decedent nor<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>attended the 2014 lockout-tag out training, as they had not been hired by that time. Rather, attendees at the 2014 training<span>
					</span>included Church (who gave the training), Adamson,<span>
					</span>Okon, and<span>
					</span>Okon’s<span><span></span>
					</span>assistant at the time. (Tr. at<span>
					</span>20-23, 31-33; Ex. R-30 at 181.) At this lockout/tag out training, Church, Adamson,<span>
					</span>Okon<span><span></span>
					</span>and<span>
					</span>Okon’s<span><span></span>
					</span>assistant at the time discussed “basic lockout/tag out procedures and different complications. It was a lockout/tag out course not only for<span>
					</span>electrical, general mechanical lockout/tag out. It was a basic course for everyone<span><span></span>
					</span>to attend.” (Tr. at 179-180.) Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>attended<span>
					</span>the lockout/tag out training on July 12, 2016, after the incident. (Tr. at 288.) This lockout/tag out training discussed proper de-energization and lockout/tag out procedures for “an item that uses electric as power,” although not specifically ballasts. (Tr. at 329-330). </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Regarding on-the-job training,<span>
					</span>Okon was the only electrician on staff at JCMC. (Tr. at 30, 108, 138, 421.) As the only electrician on staff,<span><span></span>
					</span>Okon testified that<span>
					</span>he<span>
					</span>did<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">not</span><span><span></span>
					</span>train the decedent<span>
					</span>at all<span>
					</span>in electrical safety, and that he never worked with the decedent, except on tasks like snow removal. (Tr. at 179.) On the other hand,<span>
					</span>Okon testified that he worked closely<span>
					</span>every day<span>
					</span>with<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>“ever since he started,”<span><span></span>
					</span>making sure<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>“learned all the steps that I’m doing to learn [electrical] correctly,”<span>
					</span>and<span><span></span>
					</span>that<span>
					</span>“as of 2016,”<span>
					</span>Okon<span><span></span>
					</span>trusted<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>“to change a simple ballast.” (Tr. at<span>
					</span>187-189.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Dapat,<span>
					</span>in contrast, testified at his deposition that he did not start working together with Okon until after the incident and that before the incident,<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>changed ballasts by himself. (Tr. at 256.) Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>also<span>
					</span>testified that lockout/tag out procedures were instituted by JCMC after the<span>
					</span>incident. (Tr. at 272-273.) Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>testified that before he came to work at JCMC, he worked as an apprentice as an electrician, but was never trained in lockout/tag out.<span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref12" href="#ftn12">11</a></span> He also testified that he did not even know about JCMC’s lockout/tag out program until after the incident. (Tr. at 267.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Deposition<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">D</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">iscrepancies:<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Okon</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and Grogan</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>The record contains several discrepancies between previous deposition testimony of Steve<span>
					</span>Okon, Lawrence<span>
					</span>Dapat, and Edward Grogan, and their<span>
					</span>own<span>
					</span>testimony at the hearing. (Tr. at 160, 175, 178, 186, 256, 281, 294-295, 313.) These<span><span></span>
					</span>discrepancies<span>
					</span>add to the murkiness of this record regarding<span>
					</span>the oversight of safety for JCMC’s<span>
					</span>general maintenance mechanics. Additionally, the undersigned notes that these witnesses appeared<span><span></span>
					</span>uncomfortable and coached when they changed their story<span><span></span>
					</span>under<span><span></span>
					</span>examination by Respondent’s counsel<span><span></span>
					</span>at the hearing. Their evasive testimony led to a lack of clarity in their responses. In contrast, the CO’s testimony was convincing and consistent with the deposition testimony.</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Steve Okon testified on December 7, 2017 at deposition that work is assigned to him by Adamson verbally over the phone or over the radio, and work could also be assigned to him by the<span>
					</span>Director, or “it could be a secretary that’s taking phone calls at that moment.” (Tr. at 160-161.) Later at the hearing, on April 24, 2018, Okon testified that he received assignments via work order, in addition to verbal assignments. (Tr. at 160.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">During his December 7, 2017<span><span></span>
					</span>deposition, Okon testified that he never had<span><span></span>
					</span>any<span><span></span>
					</span>conversations<span><span></span>
					</span>with<span>
					</span>Church, Grogan or<span>
					</span>Adamson about<span><span></span>
					</span>the way<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>did his lockout/tag out procedures or his de-energization procedures. (Tr. at 175, 178.) At the hearing, however,<span>
					</span>Okon<span>
					</span>testified that<span><span></span>
					</span>Grogan asked him whether<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>was taking proper procedures, and he confirmed<span>
					</span>to Grogan<span>
					</span>“that we are doing it.” (Tr. at 178.) He<span>
					</span>later<span><span></span>
					</span>testified that “I believe I must have but I don’t remember.” (Tr. at 226.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Okon testified<span>
					</span>at the hearing<span>
					</span>that he and<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>worked “side by side...ever since the day he started.” (Tr. at 188.)<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>testified that “even before the incident I was changing the ballasts with Steve [Okon].” (Tr. at 255.) Dapat, however, during his deposition on December 7, 2017, testified that he began “teaming up” with Okon<span>
					</span>after the incident,<span>
					</span>and that before the incident he changed ballasts by himself. (Tr. at 256.) Also<span><span></span>
					</span>during his deposition,<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>testified that<span>
					</span>the extent of<span>
					</span>his communication with<span>
					</span>Adamson regarding<span>
					</span>his<span>
					</span>work with<span>
					</span>Okon<span><span></span>
					</span>consisted of Adamson asking<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>for status updates and whether a particular job was completed. (Tr. at 281.) During the hearing, however,<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>testified that he did not remember any communications with Adamson before June 2016 regarding work he did with Okon. (Tr. at 280.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Under cross-examination,<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>agreed that at his deposition that he had communicated with Adamson about his training and experience in electrical work when he “first got interviewed” for the job. (Tr. at 294.) Under redirect examination,<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>clarified that his deposition testimony revealed that this communication with Adamson at his job interview consisted of his experience at<span>
					</span>Sica<span><span></span>
					</span>Electric, where he worked with live electricity changing ballasts. (Tr. at 295.) He<span>
					</span>had also<span><span></span>
					</span>testified at his deposition that he<span>
					</span>discussed with Adamson that his training consisted of only<span>
					</span>“on-the-job” training<span><span></span>
					</span>and he did not discuss his knowledge of electrical safety work practices. (Tr. at 295.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>At the hearing, Grogan testified that while he knew the incident occurred on a Sunday, he did not remember exactly when he<span>
					</span>first<span>
					</span>participated<span>
					</span>in the discussions with his management team in determining what caused the incident. (Tr. at 311-312.) Grogan was then reminded by<span>
					</span>his<span>
					</span>deposition testimony that he believed that the first discussion meeting he participated in occurred the very next day after the incident, Monday. (Tr. at 312-313.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">DISCUSSION</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:8px; margin-bottom:13.333px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">To prove a violation of an OSHA standard, the Secretary must establish that (1) the cited standard<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">applies, (2) there was a failure to comply with the cited standard, (3) employees had access to<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the violative condition, and (4) the employer knew or could have known of the condition with the exercise of reasonable diligence. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Astra Pharma. Prods.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 9 BNA OSHC 2126, 2129 (No. 78-6247, 1981)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d in relevant part</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 681 F.2d 691 (D.C. Cir. 1980). </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A violation is “serious” if a substantial probability of death or serious physical harm could have resulted from the violative condition. 29 U.S.C. § 666(k).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Serious<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Citation 1, Item 1: De-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">E</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">nergization</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The Secretary claims that Respondent<span><span></span>
					</span>violated 29 C.F.R. § 1910.333(a)(1), which requires: </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Live parts to which an employee may be exposed shall be deenergized before the employee works on or near them, unless the employer can demonstrate that deenergizing introduces additional or increased hazards or is infeasible due to equipment design or operational limitations. Live parts that operate at less than 50 volts to ground need not be deenergized if there will be no increased exposure to electrical burns or to explosion due to electric arcs.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. §</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1910.333(a)(1). The Secretary alleges that</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">:</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[g]</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">eneral</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>maintenance mechanics wo</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">r</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">k on live<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">277</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">volt</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>AC while changing ballasts for overhead fluorescent lights. On or about 06/26/16, a worker performing such operations received an electrical shock while working from an A frame ladder. The worker fell approximately 6 ft. to the floor below, striking his head and later die</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of his injuries</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(Citation at 6.)</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent argues that no general maintenance mechanic was ever directed or authorized to work on live current, and that only<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Okon</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>were authorized to even change ballasts. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Resp’t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Br.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">26-28; Tr. at 340.) Therefore, Respondent argues that the Secretary failed to establish both that JCMC violated the cited standard and that it had actual or constructive knowledge of any general maintenance mechanic violating the cited standard. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Resp’t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Br.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">28-29;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Resp’t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Reply<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Br.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2-3.) </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The record establishes that the cited standard was applicable here</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, that the standard was violated and that the decedent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, JCMC’s employee,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was exposed to live parts on June 26, 2016.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Light fixtures at JCMC ran on 277</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">volt</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>current</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, which is<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">greater</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>than the 50</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">volt exception to the standard</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Tr. at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">147.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">464.) If a light fixture needed to be addressed, because for example the light had gone out,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">JCMC’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>general maintenance mechanics were initially charged with “changing a light bulb.” (Tr. at 30.)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>If changing the light bulb failed to correct the lighting issue, two possible situations w</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ould have to be<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">explored: either the voltage had been interrupted or the ballast was damaged. (Tr. at 148.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">In<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">exploring<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">either situation, the employee was exposed to live current unless the light fixture was completely de-energized. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">found</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>above, the decedent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">did not de-energize the light fixture and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was working on live current, greater than<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">50</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>volts, when he was electrocuted</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>while working on the light fixture</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref13" href="#ftn13">12</a></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>“The knowledge element of a violation does not require a showing that the employer was actually aware that it was in violation of an OSHA standard; rather it is established if the record shows that the employer knew or should have known of the conditions constituting a violation.”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Peterson Bros. Steel Erection Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 1196, 1199 (No. 90-2304, 1993),<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 26 F.3d 573 (5th Cir. 1994). To establish whether the employer should have known of the conditions constituting a violation, the Secretary must show whether the employer:<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">constructively knew of it--that is, the employer could have known with the exercise of reasonable diligence.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">...</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Whether an employer was reasonably diligent involves a consideration of several factors, including the employer’s obligation to have adequate work rules and training programs, to adequately supervise employees, to anticipate hazards to which employees may be exposed, and to take measures to prevent the occurrence of violations.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="background-color:#FFFFFF; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Par</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Elec</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Contractors, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 20 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1624,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1627<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(No. 99-1520, 2004)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(citations omitted);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">N.Y. State Elec. & Gas Corp. v. Sec'y of Labor</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 88 F.3d 98, 108 (2d Cir. 1996) (holding that Secretary bears the burden of proof regarding the issue of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">knowledge</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>“even when<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">knowledge</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>charged to an employer is predicated on its alleged inadequate safety policy.”). </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“The knowledge of a supervisory employee may be imputed to his or her employer.”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "> Par</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">20 BNA<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">OSHC at 1627.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Respondent argues that<span>
					</span>changing a ballast is not the same thing as<span>
					</span>working “live.” (Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Reply<span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>2 (asserting,<span>
					</span>“Rather, by sleight of hand, the Secretary attempts to prove knowledge of<span>
					</span>‘live’<span><span></span>
					</span>work by referring to evidence of ballast changes. They are critically different.”).) Okon, however, testified that addressing a light fixture<span>
					</span>necessarily involves potential exposure to live electricity should a simple light bulb replacement be unsuccessful. (Tr. at 148.) The record establishes that the decedent routinely addressed<span>
					</span>light fixtures and “changed ballasts” documented in written work orders in the months leading up to the incident. (Exs. S-2, S-32.) These written work orders were issued by Adamson “for the most part,”<span>
					</span>or<span>
					</span>at the very least,<span>
					</span>by someone who had authorization to direct the decedent to address those light fixtures. <span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Am. Eng’g & Dev. Corp.</span>, 23 BNA OSHC 2093, 2095-96 (No. 10-0359, 2012) (imputing knowledge of backhoe operator who lacked authority to hire or fire but was charged with giving work instructions and orders to other employees);<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Dover Elevator Co.</span>, 16 BNA OSHC 1281, 1286 (No. 91-862, 1993) (“[A]n employee . . . empowered to direct that corrective measures be taken is a supervisor[].”). These work orders are<span>
					</span>sufficient<span><span></span>
					</span>to impute actual knowledge<span><span></span>
					</span>to Respondent<span>
					</span>that the decedent was addressing light fixtures at JCMC and therefore<span><span></span>
					</span>was<span><span></span>
					</span>potentially exposed to live current. <span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Am. Eng’g & Dev. Corp.</span>, 23 BNA OSHC at 2095 (knowledge is imputed to the employer “through its supervisory employee.”). </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Additionally,<span><span></span>
					</span>Adamson testified that the decedent told him that he was changing ballasts, and that<span>
					</span>Adamson<span><span></span>
					</span>told the decedent not to change them. (Tr. at 386.) Adamson then testified that he told Church that the decedent was changing ballasts and that he had told the decedent not to change them. Church, however, told the CO that general maintenance mechanics normally changed ballasts, and that he knew that the decedent had not attended the 2014 lockout/tag out training, which Church himself ran. (Tr. at<span>
					</span>20-23,<span>
					</span>536.) It was also surmised by the RCA that the<span>
					</span>decedent saw the light in disrepair while<span>
					</span>doing “his rounds” on the day of the incident and decided to address the light fixture himself. (Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>14.) Newell testified to this fact, and CO<span>
					</span>Consalazio<span><span></span>
					</span>testified that Adamson told her that he knew that the decedent fixed items without a work order if he saw the item in disrepair while “doing rounds during the quiet part of his shift.” (Tr. at 107, 486.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Nothing in the record,<span>
					</span>moreover, establishes that JCMC<span><span></span>
					</span>took steps to ensure that the decedent did not change ballasts: the one electrician on staff did not train the decedent; no supervisor testified to the steps he took to monitor the decedent to make sure that he was not addressing light fixtures<span><span></span>
					</span>and to prevent further occurrences by the decedent; and JCMC did not provide training<span>
					</span>to the decedent<span>
					</span>in lockout/tag out or de-energization<span>
					</span>for<span>
					</span>the “simple” task of changing a ballast. These<span>
					</span>inactions add<span><span></span>
					</span>up and establish Respondent’s constructive knowledge that the decedent was working with live current when he addressed light fixtures at JCMC. <span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Gary Concrete Prods., Inc.</span>, 15 BNA OSHC 1051, 1054-55 (No. 86-1087, 1991) (finding inadequate works rules and a lack of specific training or instructions on stacking techniques supported a finding of constructive knowledge).<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Schuler-Haas Elec. Co.</span>, 21 BNA OSHC 1489, 1493-94 (No. 03-0322, 2006) (finding that employer had constructive knowledge because it could have known of the physical conditions constituting the violation);<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Pride Oil Well Serv.</span>, 15 BNA OSHC 1809, 1814 (No. 87-692, 1992) (finding constructive knowledge when a supervisor could have discovered and eliminated the hazard with reasonable diligence). </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As far as characterization, this citation item is properly characterized as serious. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 U.S.C. § 666(k)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">A violation is “serious” if a substantial probability of death or serious physical harm could have resulted from the violative condition</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> CO<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Consalazio</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>testified that the hazard of electrocution, should it occur, was likely to cause death or serious physical harm. The decedent’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">autopsy report indicates that electrocution contributed to the decedent’s death in this case. This serious citation item is affirmed. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Serious Citation 1, Item</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>2a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and 2b</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">: Lockout/Tag Out</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Item 2a: Lockout/Tag Out</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The Secretary claims<span><span></span>
					</span>for<span>
					</span>Citation 1, Item 2a<span>
					</span>that Respondent violated 29 C.F.R. § 1910.333(b)(2), which requires:<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">While any employee is exposed to contact with parts of fixed electric equipment or circuits which have been deenergized, the circuits energizing the parts shall be locked out or tagged or both in accordance with the requirements of this paragraph. The requirements shall be followed in the order in which they are presented (i.e., paragraph (b)(2)(i) first, then paragraph (b)(2)(ii), etc.).</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">29 C.F.R. § 1910.333(b)(2). The Secretary alleges that “[w]hile<span><span></span>
					</span>an employee was changing ballasts, the<span>
					</span>277<span><span></span>
					</span>volt<span><span></span>
					</span>circuits were not locked out<span><span></span>
					</span>or tagged after the toggle switch was turned off exposing the worker to electrocution. Violation occurred on or about 08/04/16.” (Citation at 7.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Here,<span>
					</span>the parties stipulated that, “on<span><span></span>
					</span>August 4, 2016, Lawrence<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>attempted to change a ballast. He failed to use a toggle switch lock-out device after he cut the power to a ballast.” (Second Amended Joint Prehearing Statement at 9.)<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>With this stipulation, the parties have established that<span>
					</span>Dapat, a JCMC employee, was exposed to a de-energized circuit that he did not lockout/tag out while working on it. The cited standard applies,<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>violated the standard,<span>
					</span>and<span>
					</span>he<span>
					</span>was therefore exposed to the hazard of unexpected re-energization while working<span>
					</span>on<span>
					</span>a de-energized circuit.</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The record also establishes constructive knowledge for this citation item. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Par Elec</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Contractors, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 20 BNA OSHC at 1627 (factors considered for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">constructive<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">knowledge include</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">adequate work rules and training programs, adequate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">supervision, adequate a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nticipat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ion of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">hazards</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nd<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">adequate prevention measures</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> Here, after the incident, Grogan “scrambled” to provide his workers lockout/tag out training. (Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">328-329.) While<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>did attend this<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">training, he nevertheless violated the lockout/tag out rule mere weeks afterward. Nothing in the record establishes that JCMC took any steps to change its work processes</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, such as increase monitoring to discover rule violations,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>to address basic electrical safety practice failures</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. The chain of command is not entirely clear either as to who had authority to monitor<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">for<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat’s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>safety:<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Okon</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>denied any kind of supervision authority,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Grogan stated that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Adamson</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>was not a supervisor and only<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">coordinated work assignments, Adamson stated that he does not know who is trained to do which tasks,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Church stated that the Director is not part of the day-to-day activity. (Tr. at<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">145, 321, 400,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">536.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Constructive knowledge is established. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Pride Oil Well Serv.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>1814 (finding constructive knowledge when a supervisor could have discovered and eliminated the hazard with reasonable diligence).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Respondent raises the unpreventable employee misconduct defense, asserting that JCMC cannot be responsible for “the unpreventable and inexcusable misconduct of Lawrence<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>on August 4, 2016.” (Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>31.) Respondent claims<span><span></span>
					</span>that since<span>
					</span>Dapat<span><span></span>
					</span>attended the lockout/tag out training on July 12, 2016, after the incident and before<span>
					</span>Dapat’s<span><span></span>
					</span>lockout/tagout instance,<span>
					</span>the Secretary’s<span><span></span>
					</span>arguments<span><span></span>
					</span>as to Citation 1, Item 2a<span>
					</span>are<span>
					</span>without merit. (Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Reply<span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>3-4.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">To establish the unpreventable employee misconduct defense, Respondent has the burden to establish that: (1) JCMC has established work rules designed to prevent the violation; (2) JCMC adequately communicated those rules to its employees; (3) JCMC had taken steps to discover violations; and (4) JCMC effectively enforced the rules when violations have been discovered. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Precast Serv</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">s.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 17 BNA OSHC 1454, 1455 (No. 93-2971, 1995)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>106 F.3d 401(6</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">th</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Cir. 1997)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also S.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">J. Louis Constr.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 25 BNA OSHC 1892, 1900 n.24 (No. 12-1045, 2016) (evaluating employer’s safety program for adequacy involves same factors for evaluating constructive knowledge and the defense of unpreventable employee misconduct)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">appeal docketed</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">No. 19-60224 (5</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">th</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Cir. Apr. 15, 2019)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As just discussed, no supervisor took steps to discover any violation of the lockout/tag out rule that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Dapat</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>learned on July 12, 2016. As this was a factor that JCMC must establish to prevail on the UEM defense, this defense is rejected</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>for this citation item</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Pa. Power & Light Co. v. OSHRC,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>737 F.2d 350, 357–58 (3d Cir. 1984) (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“The courts of appeals have consistently held that the adequacy of a company's safety program, broadly construed, is the key to determining whether an OSHA violation was reasonably foreseeable and preventable</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">This citation item is affirmed as serious because the hazard resulting from the violation of this standard could lead to death or serious physical harm. (Tr. at 541-543)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 U.S.C. § 666(k).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Item 2b: Lockout/Tag Out Manual</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The Secretary claims<span>
					</span>in<span><span></span>
					</span>Citation 1, Item 2b<span>
					</span>that Respondent<span>
					</span>violated 29 C.F.R. § 1910.333(b)(2)(i), which requires:<span>
					</span>“The employer shall maintain a written copy of the procedures outlined in paragraph (b)(2) and shall make it available for inspection by employees and by the Assistant Secretary of Labor and his or her authorized representatives.” 29 C.F.R. § 1910.333(b)(2)(i). The Secretary alleges that:</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">the employer did not maintain written procedures for de-energizing<span>
					</span>277<span><span></span>
					</span>volt<span><span></span>
					</span>circuits for employees conducting work such as changing ballasts. Violation occurred on or about 06/28/16. Procedures must include: 1) Specific statement of the intended use of the procedure, 2) Specific procedural steps for shutting down, isolating, blocking and securing machines or equipment to control hazardous energy, 3) Specific procedural steps for the placement, removal, and transfer of lockout devices or tagout devices and the responsibility for them, 4) Specific requirements for testing a machine or equipment to determine and verify the effectiveness of lockout devices, tagout devices, and other energy control measures.</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">(Citation at 8.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>It is undisputed that Grogan duly presented<span>
					</span>for inspection<span>
					</span>a written manual<span><span></span>
					</span>entitled “Hazardous Energy Control Procedures”<span><span></span>
					</span>that JCMC<span>
					</span>maintained in its mechanical room to the OSHA CO upon request at the inspection. (Ex. R-30.) What is in dispute is whether this<span>
					</span>manual contained “the procedures outlined<span><span></span>
					</span>in paragraph (b)(2)” of the cited standard<span><span></span>
					</span>as required<span><span></span>
					</span>for this<span>
					</span>citation item. 29 C.F.R. § 1910.333(b)(2)(i). The Secretary claims that this<span>
					</span>manual did<span>
					</span>not<span>
					</span>meet the substantive requirements of the standard, while Respondent argues that<span>
					</span>there is no legal authority that this<span>
					</span>manual must contain specific lockout/tag out procedures for changing ballasts. (Sec’y<span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>30;<span>
					</span>Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Reply<span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>5-6.)<span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>The<span>
					</span>Secretary explains the procedures listed in paragraph (b)(2) extensively in his post-hearing brief. (Sec’y<span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>30-31.) These (b)(2) provisions are plainly incorporated into the cited standard. 29 C.F.R. § 1910.333(b)(2)(i)<span><span></span>
					</span>(“Note: The written procedures may be in the form of a copy of paragraph (b) of this section.”) A review of Respondent’s<span>
					</span>manual reveals lockout/tag out procedures in outline format with headings such as “Preparation for Lockout or Tag Out,” Sequence of Lockout or Tagout System Procedure,”<span>
					</span>“Restoring Machines or Equipment to<span>
					</span>Normal Production Operations,” and “Training and Annual Inspection.” (Ex. R-30 at 4-9.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">As the Secretary notes,<span>
					</span>however,<span>
					</span>and Respondent does not specifically refute, this<span>
					</span>manual “from pages 4 of 181 to 12 of 181 shows that none of the procedures address the electrical safety hazards covered by the provisions of 1910.333(b), nor do they incorporate the requirements of paragraphs 1910.333(b)(2)(iii)(D) and 1910.333(b)(2)(iv)(B) according to the requirements of section 1910.333(b)(2)(i).”<span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><a name="ftnref14" href="#ftn14">13</a></span> (Sec’y<span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>31.) Respondent argues<span><span></span>
					</span>that<span><span></span>
					</span>no legal authority exists that<span>
					</span>specifically requires this<span>
					</span>manual to address changing ballasts<span><span></span>
					</span>but does not address how its<span>
					</span>manual does not satisfy the requirements of<span>
					</span>sections<span>
					</span>1910.333(b)(2)(iii)(D) and 1910.333(b)(2)(iv)(B). </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Indeed,<span>
					</span>this<span>
					</span>manual targets<span><span></span>
					</span>mechanical lockout/tag out measures<span><span></span>
					</span>and not electrical lockout/tag out measures. As the Secretary notes, the list of inventory includes boilers, pumps and elevators, but not electrical circuits. (Ex. R-30 at 13-62.) The<span>
					</span>manual<span>
					</span>even references<span>
					</span>OSHA’s mechanical lockout/tag out standard,<span>
					</span>“1910.147<span><span></span>
					</span>‘The Control of Hazardous Energy’ requirements.” (Ex. R-30 at 7.) The cited standard at issue here<span><span></span>
					</span>even considers this instance:<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_NormalWeb style_NormalWeb " style="background-color:#FFFFFF; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:10px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Note 2: Lockout and tagging procedures that comply with paragraphs (c) through (f) of 1910.147 will also be deemed to comply with paragraph (b)(2) of this<span>
						</span></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">section<span>
						</span></span><span style="color:#000000; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">provided that</span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">:</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_NormalWeb style_NormalWeb " style="background-color:#FFFFFF; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:10px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[1] The procedures address the electrical safety hazards covered by this Subpart; and</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_NormalWeb style_NormalWeb " style="background-color:#FFFFFF; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:10px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[2] The procedures also incorporate the requirements of paragraphs (b)(2)(iii)(D) and (b)(2)(iv)(B) of this section.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_NormalWeb style_NormalWeb " style="background-color:#FFFFFF; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. 1910.333(b)(2) (emphasis added). </span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">These required provisions specifically<span>
						</span></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">use electrical terminology like “circuit elements,” control switches,” “disconnecting devices,” “electrical parts of equipment,”<span>
						</span></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and<span>
						</span></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“voltage.” </span>29 C.F.R. §§ 1910.333(b)(2)(iii)(D)<span>
					</span>and<span>
					</span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1910.333(b)(2)(iv)(B)</span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>None of these electrical terms are in this 181</span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">-</span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">page<span>
						</span></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">m</span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">anual.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_NormalWeb style_NormalWeb " style="background-color:#FFFFFF; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Accordingly, the undersigned agrees with the Secretary that Respondent’s<span>
						</span></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">m</span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">anual does not comply with the requirements of the cited standard.<span>
						</span></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Secretary has established a violation of the cited standard for this instance. </span><span style="font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Phoenix<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Roofing, Inc.</span>, 17 BNA OSHC 1076, 1079 (No. 90-2148, 1995) (“Employer knowledge<span><span></span>
					</span>is established by a showing of employer awareness of the physical conditions constituting the violation”),<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">’</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">d,<span>
						</span></span>79 F.3d 1146 (5th Cir. 1996) (unpublished). </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_NormalWeb style_NormalWeb " style="background-color:#FFFFFF; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">This<span><span></span>
					</span>violation<span><span></span>
					</span>is<span><span></span>
					</span>properly classified as serious because the hazard associated with violations of these standards<span><span></span>
					</span>could lead to death or serious physical harm. (Tr. at 541-543);<span>
					</span>29 U.S.C. § 666(k).</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Serious Citation 1, Item 3: Qualified Persons</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>The Secretary alleges that Respondent<span>
					</span>violated 29 C.F.R. § 1910.333(c)(2), which requires:</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">Only qualified persons may work on electric circuit parts or equipment that have not been deenergized under the procedures of paragraph (b) of this section. Such persons shall be capable of working safely on energized circuits and shall be familiar with the proper use of special precautionary techniques, personal protective equipment, insulating and shielding materials, and insulated tools.<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">29 CFR § 1910.333(c)(2). The Secretary alleges that “[t]he employer did not ensure that general maintenance mechanics performing live electrical work, such as changing ballasts on<span>
					</span>277<span><span></span>
					</span>volt<span><span></span>
					</span>circuits, were qualified to do such work. Violation occurred on or about 6/26/16.” (Citation at 9.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">A “qualified person” is defined in section 1910.331(a):<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">Covered work by both qualified and unqualified persons. The provisions of §§ 1910.331 through 1910.335 cover electrical safety-related work practices for both qualified persons<span>
					</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">(</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">those who have training in avoiding the electrical hazards of working on or near exposed energized parts</span><span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">)</span><span><span></span>
					</span>and unqualified persons (<span style="font-weight:bold; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">those with little or no such training)<span>
						</span></span>working on, near, or with the following<span>
					</span>installations. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-right:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">29 CFR § 1910.331(a)<span><span></span>
					</span>(emphasis added). The term is also defined at section 1910.399: “Qualified person. One who has received training in and has demonstrated skills and knowledge in the construction and operation of electric equipment and installations and the hazards involved.” 29 CFR § 1910.399.</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Respondent does not dispute that the decedent was unqualified to<span>
					</span>address<span>
					</span>light fixtures by changing ballasts, although Respondent argues that “all Facilities employees are trained on electrical safety.” (Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>35.) Respondent<span><span></span>
					</span>also<span>
					</span>argues that<span><span></span>
					</span>JCMC did not violate the standard<span>
					</span>because no supervisor directed the decedent to change the<span><span></span>
					</span>ballast on the day of the incident.<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>(Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>34.) Respondent states that is even conjecture that<span><span></span>
					</span>the decedent<span>
					</span>was changing a ballast, and even if he was, his actions were unauthorized. (Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>35.) Therefore, Respondent argues “that the Secretary failed to prove that Respondent allows, or has knowledge, of unqualified maintenance mechanics working of [<span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">sic</span>] live<span>
					</span>277 volt<span><span></span>
					</span>circuits.” (Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>35.)</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>As an initial matter, the undersigned agrees with the Secretary<span>
					</span>that<span>
					</span>the training that was provided<span>
					</span>to the decedent at orientation<span>
					</span>by JCMC did not satisfy the requirements<span>
					</span>of the cited standard<span><span></span>
					</span>to render him a “qualified person.” (Sec’y<span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>38 n.8.) A “qualified person,” as<span>
					</span>defined at section 1910.331(a), requires<span>
					</span>training<span>
					</span>in the provisions of sections 1910.331 through 1910.335. 29 C.F.R.<span>
					</span>§<span><span></span>
					</span>1910.331(a). One of these sections, 1910.332(b)(3),<span>
					</span>explicitly states: “For the purposes of 1910.331 through 1910.335, a person must have the training required by paragraph (b)(3) of this section in order to be considered a qualified person.”<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>29 C.F.R.<span>
					</span>§ 1910.332(b)(3) Note 1. As the Secretary<span>
					</span>states,<span><span></span>
					</span>a qualified person<span><span></span>
					</span>must<span><span></span>
					</span>be:</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">trained in and familiar with: the skills and techniques necessary to distinguish exposed live parts from other parts of electric equipment. [1910.332(b)(3)(i)]; the skills and techniques necessary to determine the nominal voltage of exposed live parts [1910.332(b)(3)(ii)]; and the clearance distances specified in 1910.333(c) and the corresponding voltages to which the qualified person will be exposed 1910.332(b)(3)(iii).<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">(Sec’y<span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>38 n.8.) The<span><span></span>
					</span>cursory orientation<span>
					</span>training that all incoming personnel at JCMC<span>
					</span>attend<span>
					</span>when they are first hired does not<span>
					</span>mention or<span>
					</span>satisfy the requirements of these sections addressing live parts, nominal voltages and clearance distances of electric equipment.  </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_NormalWeb style_NormalWeb " style="background-color:#FFFFFF; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Respondent’s next argument that it had no knowledge that the decedent was<span>
					</span>changing ballasts and thus<span>
					</span>was<span>
					</span>exposed to live electric parts, and therefore<span><span></span>
					</span>it<span><span></span>
					</span>cannot be held accountable for it, is<span><span></span>
					</span>also<span><span></span>
					</span>flawed. As analyzed under Citation 1, Item 1, Respondent had actual and constructive knowledge that the decedent was addressing light fixtures and replacing ballasts. Adding to this<span>
					</span>knowledge, Respondent admits that it also knew,<span><span></span>
					</span>the entire time,<span><span></span>
					</span>that the decedent was unqualified to<span>
					</span>address light fixtures and replace ballasts. This citation item is affirmed. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_NormalWeb style_NormalWeb " style="background-color:#FFFFFF; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">This violation is properly classified as serious because the hazard associated with the violation of this standard could lead to death or serious physical harm. (Tr. at 549-550);<span>
					</span>29 U.S.C. § 666(k).</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Serious<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Citation 1, Item 4</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">: Protective Equipment</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The Secretary alleges that<span>
					</span>Respondent violated 29 C.F.R. § 1910.335(a)(1)(i), which requires:<span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">(1)<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Personal protective equipment</span>. (i) Employees working in areas where there are potential electrical hazards shall be provided with, and shall use, electrical protective equipment that is appropriate for the specific parts of the body to be protected and for the work to be performed.</p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">29 C.F.R. § 1910.335(a)(1)(i). The Secretary<span>
					</span>claims<span><span></span>
					</span>that “[g]eneral<span><span></span>
					</span>maintenance mechanics were not provided with appropriate hand protection such as rubber insulating gloves while performing live electrical work including, but not limited to, changing ballasts which operate at 277 volts. <span><span></span>
					</span>Violation occurred on or about 06/26/18.” (Citation at 10.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">
					<span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">To establish applicability of a general PPE standard, the Secretary must prove “that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a reasonable person familiar with the circumstances surrounding the hazardous condition, including any facts unique to the particular industry, would recognize a hazard requiring the use of PPE.” </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Gen. Motors Corp., GM Parts Div.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 11 BNA OSHC 2062, 2065 (No. 78-1443, 1984) (consolidated) (citation omitted),<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 764 F.2d 32 (1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">st</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Cir. 1985);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Wal-Mart<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Distrib</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Ctr. # 6016</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 25 BNA OSHC 1396, 1400-01 (No. 08-1292, 2015</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">),<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d in part and vacated in part on other grounds,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">819 F.3d 200 (5th Cir. 2016)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(discussing Commission precedent regarding applicability analysis).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Third Circuit, to which this case could be appealed, has held that with regard to the “reasonable person test,” while industry custom and practice are relevant, the ultimate<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">inquiry is whether a reasonable person familiar with the factual circumstances surrounding the allegedly hazardous condition, including any facts unique to a particular industry, would recognize a hazard warranting the use of personal protective equipment. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Voegele</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Co. v.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Occupational Safety & Health Review Comm’n.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 625 F.2d 1075, 1078 (3d Cir. 1980);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see also</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Kerns Bros. Tree Serv.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 18 BNA OSHC 2064, 2067 (No. 96-1719, 2000) (Commission generally applies<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">law</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; background-color:#FFFFFF; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">circuit</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>where it is probable a case will be appealed). </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The record establishes<span>
					</span>that the decedent was not wearing protective gloves when he was working on the light fixture, near an electrical hazard,<span><span></span>
					</span>on the day of the incident.<span>
					</span>(Tr. at<span><span></span>
					</span>546-547.) The record also establishes that Respondent management knew that its Facilities Department workers did not wear gloves when working with ballasts. Respondent argues that protective gloves were inappropriate for the task of changing ballasts because Okon testified that it was impossible to work on a ballast while wearing protective gloves. (Resp’t<span><span></span>
					</span>Br.<span>
					</span>36-37; Tr. at 204-206, 232-233.) Okon, however,<span>
					</span>conceded that it<span>
					</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">was</span><span><span></span>
					</span>possible to wear those gloves while testing to see whether<span>
					</span>the ballast circuit had<span><span></span>
					</span>been de-energized or locked out/tagged out, and that it was safer for an unqualified person to wear the gloves while using a voltage meter that comes within inches of the circuits which may be live. (Tr. at 217-222, 224.) As noted<span>
					</span>above, it is undisputed that the decedent was an unqualified person working on the light fixture on the day of the incident. CO<span>
					</span>Consalazio<span><span></span>
					</span>testified that she believed gloves needed to be worn<span><span></span>
					</span>when verifying whether the ballast has been de-energized. (Tr. at 559-560.) This citation item is affirmed. </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">This violation is affirmed as serious because the hazard resulting from the violation in this case caused death or serious physical harm. (Tr. at 548);<span>
					</span>29 U.S.C. § 666(k). </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Willful<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Citation 2, Item 1</span><span style="font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">: Training</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Merits</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The Secretary alleges that<span>
					</span>Respondent violated 29 C.F.R. § 1910.332(b)(1), which requires: “Employees shall be trained in and familiar with the safety-related work practices required by<span>
					</span>§§ 1910.331 through 1910.335 that pertain to their respective job assignments.” 29 CFR § 1910.332(b)(1). The Secretary<span>
					</span>claims<span><span></span>
					</span>that:</p>
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				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; ">[t]he employer did not ensure that general maintenance mechanics were trained in safety-related work practices for electrical work such as, but not limited to, changing ballasts. An employee performing such operations received an electrical<span>
					</span>shock while working from an A frame ladder. The worker fell approximately 6 ft to the floor below, striking his head and later died<span><span></span>
					</span>of his injuries. Violation occurred on or about 06/26/16. </p>
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				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; ">(Citation at 11.)</p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As found earlier, the decedent’s job assignments included addressing light fixtures and changing ballasts.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The cited standard therefore required that the decedent be trained in a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">nd</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>familiar with the safety-related work practices required by</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>§§ </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1910.331 through 1910.335 for addressing light fixtures and changing ballasts. These section</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s are entitled “Scope,” “Training,” “Selection and use of work practices,” “Use of requirement,” and “Safeguards for personnel protection,” and all of them applied to this training requirement for changing ballasts</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>at JCMC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. The record establishes that the decedent’s only training provided by JCMC was his orientation when he first was hired</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>as there is no other training documents for decedent in the record</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Well Solutions, Inc., Rig No. 30</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 17 BNA OSHC 1211, 1214-15 (No. 91-340, 1995)(holding that the Secretary can rely on “best available evidence” to establish decedents’ lack of training and that slim showing of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">prima facie</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>case is sufficient absent rebuttal by party who has “full possession of all the facts.”)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. As discussed earlier, this orientation training is insufficient as it does not go<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">into any detail regarding changing ballasts, let alone the specific requirements of sections 1910.331-1910.335 of changing ballasts.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Pressure Concrete Constr</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">., 15 BNA OSHC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2011,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>2018</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 90-2668, 1992)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(“[t]he fact that [the company] failed to train [employees] in the recognition and avoidance of dangerous<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">conditions establishes that it had at least constructive knowledge of the inadequacy of its training program.”).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Additionally, the record supports a finding that JCMC had actual and constructive knowledge that the decedent was changing ballasts in the months leading up to the incident. And while there was no work order<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">for</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the day of the incident to change a ballast, t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">he record establishes that Adamson knew that the decedent would routinely fix items without a work order while doing his rounds. (Tr. at 484, 486.)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Because the task of addressing light fixtures was routine for the decedent, it<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is reasonably foreseeable that he would attempt to address a light fixture while he was alone on duty, making rounds, on a Sunday.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The decedent was therefore exposed to the hazard of electrocution when addressing the light fixture on the day of the incident because he had not been trained in accordance with the cited standard’s requirements when changing ballasts. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Bardav</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 24<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">BNA OSHC</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>2105</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 2112<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">No. 10-1055,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>2014)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(concluding that exposure is established for training citation item when worker “engaged in excavation work without first receiving required training”)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">citing</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Gen. Motors Corp</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">., 22 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1019,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1030</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(No. 91-2834E, 2007)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(consolidated)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">finding it unreasonable to require that employee be exposed to a hazard before requiring that he be trained to recognize and avoid that hazard</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. This citation item is affirmed.<span>
						</span></span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; text-decoration:underline ;">Willfulness</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">“The hallmark of a willful violation is the employer's state of mind at the time of the violation—an ‘intentional, knowing, or voluntary disregard for the requirements of the Act or ... plain indifference to employee safety</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">’ ”</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Kaspar</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Wire Works, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 18 BNA OSHC 2178, 2181 (No. 90-2775, 2000) (citation omitted),<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff'd</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 268 F.3d 1123 (D.C. Cir. 2001).</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">[I]t is not enough for the Secretary to show that an employer was aware of conduct or conditions constituting the alleged violation; such evidence is already necessary to establish any violation .... A willful violation is differentiated by heightened<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">awareness of the illegality of the conduct or conditions and by a state of mind of conscious disregard or plain indifference ....<span>
						</span></span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Hern Iron Works, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC 1206, 1214 (No. 89-433, 1993</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">);</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>see also</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Bianchi<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Trison</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Corp. v. Chao,</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>409 F.3d 196, 20</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">8</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(3d Cir.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">2005</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#212121; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(A willful violation of the OSH Act “constitutes an act done voluntarily with either an intentional disregard of, or plain indifference to, the OSH Act</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">’</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s requirements”)(internal quotes omitted).<span>
						</span></span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:16px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">There must be evidence that an employer knew of an applicable standard or provision prohibiting the conduct or condition and consciously disregarded the standard. Without such evidence of familiarity with the standard's terms, there must be evidence of such reckless disregard for employee safety or the requirements of the law generally that one can infer that if the employer had known of the standard or provision, the employer would not have cared that the conduct or conditions violated it.<span>
						</span></span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Williams Enter</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">s.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 13<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1249</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 1257</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">No. 85-355,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1987)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The state of mind of a supervisory employee ... may be imputed to the employer for purposes of finding that the violation was willful.”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Branham Sign Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 18 BNA OSHC 2132, 2134 (No. 98-752, 2000)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Elliot Constr. Corp.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 23 BNA OSHC 2110, 2116-17<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(No. 07-1578, 2012) (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">finding plain indifference<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">when supervisor knew from prior experience and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the day of the accident<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that carbon<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">monoxide would be present and yet failed to monitor for it);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Adrian Constr. Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 7 BNA OSHC 1172, 1175 (No. 15414, 1979) (“A violation is willful if the evidence shows that the employer ignored an obvious and grave danger . . . ”).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Heightened Awareness</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">With regard to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>heightened awareness,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the record supports a finding that the management in the Facilities Department knew that addressing light fixtures and changing ballasts required specific electrical training,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that the management knew that the decedent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">addressed these light fixtures and changed ballasts without having<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">this training. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Hern Iron Works, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 16 BNA OSHC<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">at 1214</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(“A willful violation is differentiated by heightened awareness of the illegality of the conduct or conditions</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">...</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">”).</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The Secretary argues that<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">JCMC’s supervisory personnel knew that the decedent<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">was</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>working on or near electrical circuits, which required specific training in electrical safety work practices</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>that the decedent did not have</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, and</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>that</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>they directed the decedent to work<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">on these job assignments</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>anyway</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. (Sec’y<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Br.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">47.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Indeed, d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">espite Respondent’s assertions,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the employee training for the general maintenance mechanics was not “exhaustive” with respect to addressing light fixtures. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Resp’t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Br.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">40.) </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">The electrical standard cited here required<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">JCMC to train the decedent in the electrical facets of his job assignments, specifically addressing light fixtures and changing ballasts. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">As found above, the orientation training was insufficient to meet these requirements. </span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Despite<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">failing to meet<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">th</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ese</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>requirement</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">s</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, JCMC directed the decedent to change ballasts knowing he was not trained in the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">electrical hazards of the<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">procedure.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">
					</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Church told CO<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Consalazio</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>that general maintenance mechanics normally changed ballasts, even though he also knew at the time that the decedent had not attended the 2014 lockout/tag out training, that he himself had taught. Additionally, the decedent</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>himself</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>notified Adamson that he was changing ballasts. </span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent states that “there were no concerns brought to the attention of the administration relating to training or safety in the Facilities Department.” (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Resp’t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Reply<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Br.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">9.) The undersigned agrees that the record establishes that upper management appeared uninvolved in the day-to-day management of general maintenance mechanics at JCMC. A willfulness finding, however, can be based on imputing the knowledge of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">mere<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">supervisory personnel. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Caterpillar, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 17 BNA OSHC 1731, 1732-33 (No. 93-373, 1996) (finding heightened awareness established by imputing knowledge of supervisory personnel to employer),<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 122 F.3d 437 (7th Cir. 1997);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Access Equip</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Sys</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">, Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 18 BNA OSHC 1718, 1726 (No. 95-1449, 1999)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>(imputing knowledge of even a temporary<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">employee who has been delegated authority over other employees</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">.</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Heightened awareness of the violative conditions is established.<span>
						</span></span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Plain Indifference</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Even with</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>this heightened awareness of the violative conditions, Respondent acted with plain indifference toward the decedent’s safety. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Church knew that the decedent was not trained in changing ballasts, yet he also knew it was one of the decedent’s normal job assignments. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Even though the decedent notified Adamson that he was changing ballasts,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">work orders are</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>still<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in the record directing him to change ballasts, and the decedent addressed the light fixture on the day of the incident. </span></p>
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			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent claims that JCMC is devoted to safety based on its many “Medical Center Safety Efforts and Emphasis,”<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">its record of zero OSHA citations</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Resp’t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Br.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">38-40.) The Secretary<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">argues</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>that JCMC’s multitude of safety efforts in other aspects of its business are unrelated to the safety of general maintenance mechanics working on light fixtures. The undersigned agrees. None of the safety efforts listed by Respondent, such as the Environment of Care Committee and the Quality of Safety Committee,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">addressed</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the simple<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">supervision<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">of workers in the Facilities Department changing a light fixture. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">All of</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the efforts presented by Respondent primarily target the safety of non-facilities personnel and patients. (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Resp’t</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Br.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">39);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">see, e.g.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Exs</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">. R-12 at 1-2 (Equipment Electrical Safety policy targeting “electrically susceptible patient” locations and requiring “All Hospital Personnel” to notify “Plant Operations” for equipment repair); R-13 at 1 (Safety Management Plan “put in place to achieve the lowest potential for adverse impact on the safety and health of patients, staff, and other people coming to the organization’s facilities”); R-14 and R-15 (fire safety management plan).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Even though both Church and Adamson knew that the decedent was changing ballasts without training in that job assignment, no measures were put in place to monitor the decedent to make sure he did not change ballasts, or at the very least</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, train him in that job assignment. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Elliot Constr. Corp.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 23 BNA OSHC 2110, 2116-17<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(No. 07-1578, 2012) (</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">finding plain indifference<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">when supervisor knew from prior experience and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the day of the accident<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">that carbon<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">monoxide would be present and yet failed to monitor for it)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">;<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Anderson Excavating & Wrecking Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 17 BNA 1890, 1892-94 (No. 92-3684, 1997) (plain indifference found based<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in part on failure to provide safety program, training and protective equipment,<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">combined with supervisory involvement and failure to take action after<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">notification of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">violations of same standard at other sites).</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">This citation is properly characterized as willful.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">PENALTY</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Section 17(j) of the Act requires the Commission to give due consideration to four criteria in assessing penalties: the size of the employer’s business, the gravity of the violation, the employer’s good faith, and its prior history of violations. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Compass<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">Envtl</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">., Inc.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 23 BNA OSHC 1132, 1137 (No. 06-1036, 2010)<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">aff’d</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 663 F.3d 1164 (10th Cir. 2011). The gravity of the violation is generally accorded greater weight. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">J. A. Jones Constr. Co.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, 15 BNA OSHC 2201, 2214 (No. 87-2059, 1993). </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">Joseph<span>
					</span>Czapik, OSHA’s Assistant Area Director of Parsippany, reviewed the proposed penalties for this case and submitted them to the Area Director<span>
					</span>for<span><span></span>
					</span>approval to issue with the citation. (Tr. at<span>
					</span>633-637.) <span><span></span>
					</span>Even though Respondent has no history of OSHA violations, OSHA in its discretion did not grant a reduction “to maintain an appropriate deterrent effect,”<span><span></span>
					</span>for each of the proposed penalties for history.<span><span></span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>(Tr. at 635.) Similarly, neither size nor good faith were<span>
					</span>considered as a reduction because Respondent had over 2,000 employees and because the citation alleges a willful violation and high gravity serious violations. (Tr. at 635.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">All of<span><span></span>
					</span>the serious violations were high severity based on the potential for death or serious physical harm, and<span>
					</span>because<span><span></span>
					</span>there was a fatality.<span>
					</span>(Tr. at 634.) Similarly,<span>
					</span>all of<span><span></span>
					</span>the serious violations were a greater probability because there was an actual fatality. (Tr. 634<span><span></span>
					</span>-635.) Therefore,<span>
					</span>serious<span>
					</span>Citation 1, Item 1 was<span>
					</span>proposed at a<span>
					</span>$12,471 unadjusted penalty; serious<span>
					</span>Citation 1, Item 2a and 2b were grouped and were<span>
					</span>proposed at<span>
					</span>a $12,471 unadjusted penalty; serious<span>
					</span>Citation 1, Item 3 was<span>
					</span>proposed at<span><span></span>
					</span>a<span>
					</span>$12,471 unadjusted penalty; and serious<span><span></span>
					</span>Citation 1, Item 4 was<span>
					</span>proposed at<span><span></span>
					</span>a $12,471 unadjusted penalty.<span><span></span>
					</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; ">The willful Citation 2, Item 1 was proposed with the maximum penalty,<span><span></span>
					</span>$124,709,<span><span></span>
					</span>due to<span>
					</span>no reductions for size, good faith or history for the same reasons<span><span></span>
					</span>that<span><span></span>
					</span>the serious violations were not given those reductions. (Tr. 636).<span>
					</span><span><span></span>
					</span>It was also assigned a high severity, greater probability because of the actual fatality. (Tr. at 636.) Czapik<span><span></span>
					</span>then<span><span></span>
					</span>testified: “We had mechanics, we had general maintenance people that were engaged in working on electrical equipment that didn’t have training and there was no good reason for them not to have that training.” (Tr. at 637.) </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Respondent has not<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">addressed the a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">mount of<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">the proposed<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">penalt</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">ies<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">in its briefs. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">After consideration of the statutory factors<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">with regard to</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>the penalties for the affirmed violations, the undersigned agrees with the penalty amounts proposed by the Secretary for each citation item. The proposed penalty amounts are assessed for each affirmed citation item.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">FINDINGS OF FACT AND CONCLUSIONS OF LAW</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:8px; margin-bottom:13.333px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">All findings of fact and conclusions of law relevant and necessary to a determination of the contested issues have been made above. </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; ">See</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Fed. R. Civ. P. 52(a). All proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law inconsistent with this decision are denied.<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:8px; margin-bottom:13.333px; line-height:2; text-align:center; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; text-decoration:underline ;">ORDER</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:8px; margin-bottom:13.333px; line-height:2; text-align:justify; text-indent:1.27cm; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Based upon the foregoing findings of fact and conclusions of law, it is ORDERED that:</span></p>
			</div>
			<p style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; padding-right:20px;">1)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation 1, Item 1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, alleging a<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">S</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">erious violation of<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. §</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1910.333(a)(1), is AFFIRMED, and a penalty of $12,471 is ASSESSED,<span>
					</span></span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; "> </p>
			</div>
			<p style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; padding-right:20px;">2)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation 1, Item 2</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, alleging a Serious violation of<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. §</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1910.333(b)(2)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">,<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">and<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation 1,<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Item 2b, alleging a Serious violation of 29 C.F.R. §</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1910.333(b)(2)(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">i</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">),<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">are<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">AFFIRMED, and a<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">grouped<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">penalty of $</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">12,471</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>is ASSESSED,</span></p>
			<p style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; padding-right:20px;">3)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation 1, Item 3, alleging a Serious violation of<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. §</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1910.333(c)(2),<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">is AFFIRMED, and a penalty of $</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">12,471</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>is ASSESSED,</span></p>
			<p style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; padding-right:20px;">4)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation 1, Item 4, alleging a Serious violation of<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. §</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1910.335(a)(1)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">(</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">i</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">, is AFFIRMED and a penalty of $12,471 is ASSESSED,<span>
					</span></span></p>
			<p style="margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; text-indent:-.635cm; margin-top:16px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; ">
				<span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; padding-right:20px;">5)</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">Citation 2, Item 1, alleging a</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>Willful<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">violation</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>of<span>
					</span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">29 C.F.R. §</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "> </span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">1910.332(b)(1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">),</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>is AFFIRMED, and a penalty of $1</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">24,709</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
					</span>is ASSESSED.</span></p>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:0; orphans:0; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:2; text-align:justify; widows:0; orphans:0; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-weight:bold; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; ">SO</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-weight:bold; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-weight:bold; "><span><span></span>
						</span>ORDERED.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="text-align:justify; widows:0; orphans:0; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1; text-align:justify; widows:0; orphans:0; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:336px; text-indent:1.27cm; widows:0; orphans:0; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">___</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-style:italic; text-decoration:underline ;font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-style:italic; text-decoration:underline ;">/s/Covette Rooney</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">_____</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1; text-align:justify; widows:0; orphans:0; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>COVETTE ROONEY</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1; text-align:justify; widows:0; orphans:0; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Chief Judge, OSHRC</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1; text-align:justify; widows:0; orphans:0; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="line-height:1; text-align:justify; widows:0; orphans:0; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; ">DATE:</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>July 2, 2019</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; "><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Washington, D.C.</span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span><span style="font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span></span></p>
			</div>
			<hr/>"
      <div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; ">
					<a name="ftn-1" href="#ftnref-1"></a> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; ">
					<a name="ftn0" href="#ftnref0"></a> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; line-height:1; ">
					<a name="ftn1" href="#ftnref1"></a> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn2" href="#ftnref2"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">1 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>For personal privacy reasons, the name of the decedent has been omitted from this Decision and Order.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn3" href="#ftnref3"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">2 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Okon has been an electrician for 16 years, 10 years of which he has worked for JCMC. (Tr. at 138-139, 144, 197.) His electrical experience includes residential, industrial, warehouse and commercial spaces, replacing and installing “lighting, outlets, service entrances, digging ground and running pipes in the ground to supply power.” (Tr. at 142-143.)<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn4" href="#ftnref4"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">3 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Vanella has been an electrician for approximately 30 years, having previously worked in Local 3 in New York City, and currently at the time of the hearing owning his own business as Community Electric. (Tr. at 235-236.) </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn5" href="#ftnref5"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:11pt; ">4 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Okon testified:</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Are there occasions in which a ballast might have to be changed out or replaced?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Yes.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>And what would those occasions be?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">When we determine that after replacing the bulb, the bulb is good, the second item likely is the ballast.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">So if you come across a light fixture that's not working you're saying that if you do the bulb first and it's not the bulb there's something wrong with the ballast?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Or the voltage supplying the ballast.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Okay. But in what circumstances would a ballast have to be replaced?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">When the bulbs are already replaced, there's no visible damage to the bulb socket that holds the bulb in place and makes a connection, and if I determine the voltage is present and it's still not working then it would be the ballast.</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">(Tr. at 148.)</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn6" href="#ftnref6"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:11pt; ">5 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Okon testified: </span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Okay. Do you know what the proper procedure is for changing a ballast?</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>I would like to assume so, yes.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>What is your understanding of the proper procedure for changing a ballast?</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>First of all I have to make sure the circuit is de-energized.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Okay.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Make sure the ballast does not hold residual energy. After I de-energize the circuit and lock it out and tag it, of course, I have to make sure the ballast is not an emergency ballast which would very much give me quite a shock. And then just proceed to disconnect the light -- up wire, and otherwise...</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>And then put in the new ballast?</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Then de-mount the old ballast, place the new ballast in, reverse kind of the steps.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Are there further steps that have to be taken after the circuits are -- after they're de-energized or locked out and tagged out?</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Well, I have to make sure there's no energy, any energy, left in the ballast. Depending on what type of ballast it is.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>And doesn't one have to make sure that they properly de-energize the circuit, isn't that one --</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>You have to de-energize the circuit. The circuit doesn't hold the voltage -- the ballast is no longer part of the circuit because I disconnected from power, there's nothing in the circuit.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Okay. After one locks out and tags out does one have to verify to make sure that there's no residual energy?</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Well, there's no way to make sure unless you disconnect the wire from the ballast that powers the ballast and either connect it to the ground, you may not notice the energy, there might be not even a spark, but it's charging -- this is the old ballast, not the new ones. You have to cut the wire off or disconnect it. There's no voltage there coming from the switch.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Then to do the lockout/tag out procedure properly you don't have to verify that there's no -- that the wires are no longer live?</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>I'm not sure if you're telling me or if you're asking me right now.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>I'm asking is there --</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Okay.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>After -- is there something one has to do after they lockout/tag out to make sure that the wires are no longer live? To verify that they are no longer live?</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Yeah, the way of measuring -- there's two -- there's non-contact pen tester that you put on the line right when I open the cover for the ballast, that tells me that that's dead. There's also – I can use a meter to measure the voltage on the wire. I can put the meter lead in the wire nut that connects power to the ballast. You can confirm that way.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>And with these two tools how close to the wires would one have to be to do the verification?</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>I'm an electrician, I can get close to the wires all the time. I am right at the wire. I hold them and -- yeah.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>The instruments that you use to test whether there's live voltage --</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Right.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>-- how close to the wires do you have to get to be able to use them properly?</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Within a few inches away from the wires.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Okay. A verification that the wires are no longer live is the last step in the procedure?</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span style="mso-tab-count:1">  </span>Before I start taking it apart, yes.</span></p>
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			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">(Tr. at 148-151.)</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn7" href="#ftnref7"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:11pt; ">6 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Vanella testified:<span>
						</span></span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">The switch, did you turn it off when you changed --</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Yes.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Did you lock it out --</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">At that time -- yeah. At that time I realized I had a switch control, so I went up to the nurse's station, we shut the switch down and I found out that it was -- because I saw the lights go out in the corridor and I tested it again and the light was out. Okay, and I locked it out.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">So that light was in fact controlled by that switch.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Yeah.</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">And did you lockout and tag out?</span></p>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Yes.<span>
						</span></span></p>
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				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:11pt; ">(Tr. at 245.) In this account, Vanella underscores the importance of de-energizing the circuit before attempting to work on it.</span></p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; "> </p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn8" href="#ftnref8"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">7 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The day shift ran from 7 a.m. to 3 p.m., and the night shift ran from 3 p.m. to 11 p.m., every day of the week. (Tr. at 251-252.) </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn9" href="#ftnref9"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">8 </span></a><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Dapat testified:</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Before the incident was one of the types of job assignments that George gave you to change ballasts?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">He would just send me up saying a light's not working.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">If you got the job assignment that a light was not working what steps would you take to get the light working again?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">First I would try to replace the bulb. If it's not the bulb then I would check to see if there's power to the ballast. If there is power to the ballast then we would have to replace the ballast.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">But as you testified, George merely said to you that there's a light out in the hallway and go fix it?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Yeah, basically he would ask me to take a look at it and see what the problem is.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">If you came upon a ballast -- I'm sorry, if you came upon a light fixture that was out and you made a determination that the ballast had to be replaced, would you report that to anyone?<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Yes. I would -- after I changed the bulb and it needs a ballast I would tell Steve and then we'd both go.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Would you tell anyone else but Steve?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Maybe George after the job was completed.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">If you were to -- at the time that you told -- at those times that you told George that you had changed a ballast, did he have any reaction to that?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">No.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">If you came upon -- the procedure you've described where if you came upon a light fixture that was out, you would test to see if the bulb was working and then if it wasn't the bulb and the ballast needed to be replaced, would you do those types of things by yourself?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">If Steve is not available I would do it by myself.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; "> </p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">(Tr. at 268.)</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Default style_Default " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn10" href="#ftnref10"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:11pt; ">9 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Adamson testified:</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">And does that mean a staff person in the hospital could stop a plumber and say there is a sink stopped up in 3-E, can you do something about it?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">It's happened before, you know, where somebody would stop -- my drawer is broke, can you fix it? Or my light's out, can you change the bulb, you know, things of that nature.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">And are there occasions that that work is then performed without you assigning it?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">I believe so, sometimes. Sometimes they'll come up to me and say oh, so and so stopped me, asked me to put the wheel back on a chair or change a light in their office.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Do you then enter a work order?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Yes.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Okay. Now, when you issue assignments connected with lights, do you know a ballast is out?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">No.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">So what do you issue as the assignment?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">To change -- I don't know if it's a ballast. Somebody may have told me I changed the light, so I'm going to assume it's the ballast, so I would just automatically just, you know, change ballast.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">But you're not an electrician?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">No.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Now, back to the work order --</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">I mean there could be a dozen things wrong with the fixture. I'm not going to list everything on the work order.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">(Tr. at 406-407.)</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn11" href="#ftnref11"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">10 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The record does not indicate when Dapat attended new-hire orientation training. It is noted that Dapat was originally hired by JCMC as a courier, and then transferred into the Facilities Department a few months afterward. (Tr. at 247-248.)<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn12" href="#ftnref12"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">11 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>Dapat testified:<span>
						</span></span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">And you said you apprenticed with an electrician?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Yes. Roughly around -- it was one of my first jobs. I used to work for Sica Electric and I used to work with an electrician and I also had my own team. Used to change lamps and ballasts in department stores.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Did this apprenticeship -- did the person who was conducting the apprenticeship train you in lockout/tag out or de-energization?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">He taught me how to de-energize circuits but there was no lockout/tag out.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">And what did he show you about de-energization?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">How to turn off the breaker, you know. Turning off the circuit before you work on the wiring.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">Q</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">But he didn't teach you anything about lockout/tag out?</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:96px; text-indent:-1.27cm; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A</span><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">No.</span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">(Tr. at 267.) </span></p>
			</div>
			<div>
				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; ">
					<a name="ftn13" href="#ftnref13"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">12 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>The record also establishes that Dapat changed ballasts, and therefore was also exposed to the possibility of live current when he changed ballasts. JCMC does not dispute that Dapat actually worked on live current at least once, before the incident, while changing a ballast and does not dispute that Dapat regularly changed ballasts in his role as a general maintenance mechanic. Respondent argues that because the citation itself limited the instance of exposure to the decedent’s incident on June 26, 2016, that the Secretary inappropriately expanded the scope of the charge by including Dapat’s work with ballasts. (Resp’t Reply Br. 2.) </span></p>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">Any such expansion is harmless because this violation is upheld based on the decedent’s incident. The undersigned, however, finds any such amendment to the alleged violation description to this citation item would be proper, and Respondent would not be prejudiced, because Respondent had the opportunity and did fully litigate the issues surrounding Dapat for this citation item at the hearing. </span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">See</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">Tr. at 249 (asking Dapat on direct examination “a series of questions about the time period before [the decedent’s] incident” regarding his duties and procedures addressing light fixtures),</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>and<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">Tr.<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">at</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>541 (CO testifying on direct examination regarding knowledge of safe electrical practices of both decedent and Dapat for Citation 1, Item 1);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">N. Y. State Elec. & Gas Corp. v. Sec'y of Labor</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">, 88 F.3d 98, 104 (2d Cir. 1996) (“[i]n an administrative proceeding ... pleadings are liberally construed and easily amended.”);<span>
						</span></span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; font-style:italic; ">Nat’l Realty & Constr. Co., Inc. v. OSHRC</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">, 489 F.2d 1257, 1264 (D.C. Cir. 1973)</span><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">(“So long as fair notice is afforded, an issue litigated at an administrative hearing may be decided by the hearing agency even though the formal pleadings did not squarely raise the issue.”). </span><span style="font-size:11pt; color:#212121; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">
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					<a name="ftn14" href="#ftnref14"><span class="style_FootnoteReference style_FootnoteReference " style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:11pt; ">13 </span></a><span style="font-size:11pt; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:12pt; font-size:11pt; "><span><span></span>
						</span>29 C.F.R. § 1910.333(b)(2)(iii)(D) states:<span>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">A tag used without a lock, as permitted by paragraph (b)(2)(iii)(C) of this section, shall be supplemented by at least one additional safety measure that provides a level of safety equivalent to that obtained by use of a lock. Examples of additional safety measures include the removal of an isolating circuit element, blocking of a controlling switch, or opening of an extra disconnecting device.<span>
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				<p style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; line-height:1; text-align:justify; "><span style="font-family:Times New Roman; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; ">29 C.F.R. § 1910.333(b)(2)(iv)(B) states:<span>
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				<p class="style_Normal style_Normal style_FootnoteText style_FootnoteText " style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:7.333px; text-align:justify; margin-left:48px; margin-right:48px; "><span style="font-size:11pt; color:#000000; font-family:Calibri; font-size:11pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt; font-size:11pt; ">A qualified person shall use test equipment to test the circuit elements and electrical parts of equipment to which employees will be exposed and shall verify that the circuit elements and equipment parts are deenergized. The test shall also determine if any energized condition exists as a result of inadvertently induced voltage or unrelated voltage backfeed even though specific parts of the circuit have been deenergized and presumed to be safe. If the circuit to be tested is over 600 volts, nominal, the test equipment shall be checked for proper operation immediately after this test.</span></p>
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