### UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 

## WAS HIN G T O N

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O FF I CE OF CHE MI CAL SAFETY A N D POLL UT IO N PREVE N T I ON



### PC Code: 10390 I 

### DP Barcode: 417314 Date: December 3, 2014

MEMORANDUM

SUBJECT: Regi st r at ion Rev i ew Ecological Risk Assessment and Effects Determination for Sodium Bentazon

H e Zhong, Ph.D

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### Environm e ntal Fate and Effe cts Division (7507 P )

TO: Caro l y n Schroeder, Chemical R eview Manager Kevin Coste ll o, Branch Chief Ri sk Management and I mplementation Branch 4 Pesticide Re -Ev aluat i on Divi sio n (7508P)

Attac hed is the Regi st ration Review Ecolo g i ca l Risk Assess ment and Effects Determination for the h erbici de sodium benta zo n.OFFICE OF CHEMICAL SAFETY AND POLLUTION

PREVENTION 

# REGISTRATION REVIEW

ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT AND EFFECTS DETERMINATION



# Sodium Bentazon

CAS Number 50723-80-3

PC Code: 103901

Prepared by: He Zhong, Ph.D. Biologist Steve Wente Ph.D. Biologist

Reviewed by: Sujatha Sankula, Ph.D. Branch Chief Meghan Radtke, Ph.D. Acting RAPL Kris Garber, Senior Science Adviser Chris Koper, MS. Chemist U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticide Programs Environmental Fate and Effects Division Environmental Risk Branch I 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Mail Code 7507P Washington, DC 20460



### 2

### Executive S ummary

Sodium bentazon (hereafter, referred to as be ntazon) is a selective, contact, early postemergence benzothiadiazole herbicide used for the control of broadleaf weeds and sedges in numerous agricultural field crops, including corn, soybeans, beans, rice, cereals, and potatoes, as well as around trees and vines in various fruit an d nut crops. Bentazon is also used to control weeds in residential and recr eational lawns and around ornamental plants. Bentazon was first registered in 1975 and was most recently reviewed for an IR-4 proposed use to control weeds in peach and nectarine orchards (USEPA 2005). Th e Registration Eligibility Decision (RED) of bentazon reviewed the potential ecological effects to non-target organisms (USEPA 1994a). The RED concluded that risks posed by all of the re gistered uses at that time did not exceed the Agency’s level of concern (LOC) for fish and aquatic invertebrates. However, the Agency’s LOC for terrestrial and semi-aquatic plants, fo r listed small mammals and birds (acute and chronic) were exceeded. Subsequently, in a memo refining the risk interpretation for listed mammals and birds, the Agency concluded that ri sk to listed mammals and birds did not exceed Agency LOCs based on refined exposure s cenarios (USEPA 1994b). The most recent risk assessment concluded that ecological risks to lis ted and non-listed terrestri al plants in uplands and semi-aquatic habitats were of concern to th e Agency as well as acute risks for small to medium birds that consume plants or small inse cts, and small mammals that feed on short grass (listed species onl y) (USEPA 2005).

Sodium bentazon (PC code 103901) is a salt wh ich rapidly dissolves in water to produce a sodium ion and a bentazon acid anion. There is also a different pesticide referred to as bentazon (PC code 275200) which has a covalently bonded hydrogen atom in place of the ionic bond to the sodium ion and converts to the bentazon acid anion in water. Historically, sodium bentazon has been referred to as “bentazon” partly becau se the actual bentazon has no U.S. registrations, but probably more importantly because both bent azon and sodium bentazon are converted to the bentazon acid anion before they are applied. (Pot entially, it is the bentaz on acid anion that should be referred to as the active ingredient.) Th is document continues the usage of the term “bentazon” for sodium bentazon.

Degradation of bentazon occurs by abiotic photod egradation in water w ith a half-life of 2.63 days. Bentazon is hydrolytically stable in pH 5, 7, and 9 buffered solutions and is also stable in sandy loam soil and clay soil under anaerobic or aerobic conditions. Bentazon degrades (t 1⁄2 

### = 4.3 to 68 days) in aerobic mineral soils. Its degrad ation in soil is mainly controlled by microbial processes with subsequent residue incorporation into soil organic matter and to a lesser extent by oxidative mineralization to CO 2 

### . Seven degradates of concer n were identified, which were incorporated into the risk assessment using a total residues approach. Bentazon is relatively nonvolatile under field conditions (vapor pressure <1 × 10 -7 

### mm Hg) and has a low potential for bioaccumulation (log Kow = -0.46).

The major routes of bentazon transport to non-targe t sites are expected to be runoff, spray drift, and leaching to groundwater. Bentazon has low bi nding affinities with soil matrices based on both soil column and batch equili brium studies, making it prone to runoff to surface water and infiltration into ground water. Bentazon residues have been detected in groundwater samples from 29 states and surface wa ter samples in 30 states.

3

### As a contact benzothiadiazole he rbicide, bentazon’s m ode of action in plan ts is inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport. It is practically non-toxic to mode rately toxic to both aquatic and terrestrial anim als based on av ailable toxicity studies. Only one terrestrial invertebrate study was submitted with a non-definitive endpoint wh ich indicates that bentazon is practically nontoxic to honey bees (48 hr LD 50 

### > 100 μg /bee) based on acute c ontact. No chronic effects were observed in the available chronic avian reprodu ction studies. However, bentazon reduced rat pup growth (body weight gain) duri ng lactation in a 2-generation rat reproduction study. Bentazon is more toxic to dicotyledons (dic ots), or broadleaf weeds than to monocotyledons (monocots), or grasses and sedges. In general, studie s with a typical end-use product (TEP; e.g. , Basagran) show similar toxicity to the technical grade active ingr edient (TGAI). Toxicity data are not available for degradation products.

An acute and chronic risk concern is expected for both listed and non-listed species of birds, terrestrial invertebrates, plants and listed small mammals ( Table 1.1 ). The Screening Imbibition Program (SIP v.1.0) screening indicates potential acute and chronic risk concerns to birds through the consumption of bentazon-contaminat ed drinking water alone. Acute exposure through drinking water alone is not a potential concern for ma mmals, but the chronic exposure risk cannot be precluded due to insufficient data. Bentazon is not likely to have adverse effects on honey bees based on the comparison of honey bee acute contact endpoint to the contact EECs (4.05 μg ai/bee), which is about 25 times less than the available bee acute contact LD50 endpoint. However, due to the lack of other su rrogate honey bee data, e.g. : adult oral toxicity data, larval acute data, chronic data for adult and larvae, no LOC values can be calculated for non-target terrestrial invertebrate s, and therefore, the acute and chronic risk cannot be precluded. This assessment concludes that there is not a risk concern for direct effects to fish, and aquatic invertebrates for the labeled uses of bentazon. Ther e is a risk concern for listed aquatic vascular and non-vascular plants for the rice use only ( Table 1.1 ). The following changes to the use pattern of bentazon may reduce these risks: 1) re duction of application ra tes or frequency; 2) establishment of a spray drift buffer (600 – 800 ft); and 3) restriction of releases of rice paddy water for 3 or 4 days after a pplication to flooded rice paddies.

Table 1.1 Summary of Direct and Indirect Effect s Associated with Registered Uses of Bentazon*
Risk Concern for Direct Effects? Taxon Non-Listed Listed Risk Concern for Indirect Effects to

Non-Listed and Listed Species Birds, reptiles, and terre strial-phase amphibians Yes (A,) Yes (A,C) Yes 4
Mammals No Yes (A) Yes Birds, reptiles, and terrestrial-phase amphibians (drinking water only) Yes Yes Yes Mammals, (drinking water only) Yes (C 2 ) Yes Yes Terrestrial invertebrates (honey bees 1 ) Yes 3 Yes Yes Terrestrial (upland and semi-aquatic) plants – monocots Yes Yes Yes Terrestrial (upland and semi-aquatic) plants – dicots Yes Yes Yes Freshwater fish and aquatic-phase amphibians No No Yes Marine/estuarine fish No No Yes Freshwater invertebrates No No Yes Marine/estuarine invertebrates No No Yes



### 4Risk Concern for Direct Effects? Taxon Non-Listed Risk Concern for Indirect Effects to

Non-Listed and Listed Listed Species Aquatic vascular plants No Yes Yes Aquatic non-vascular plants No Yes N/A * At this current stage of the Registration Review proces s, it is premature to make effects determinations until further refinements are conducted.
1 Bentazon is practically non-toxic to honey bees based on a non-definitive endpoint from contact toxicity data.
2 Chronic risk cannot be excluded due to insufficient data
3 No RQ value can be calculated for other non-target terrestr ial invertebrates due to the l ack of data, and therefore, risk cannot be precluded.
4 Indirect effects are possible for all an imals and plants that rely on plants and other primary food chain animals for food, habitat, or other environmental resources. N/A = Not applicable. A = Acute. C = Chronic.



### Potential effects to federally-lis ted endangered and threatened sp ecies (listed species) based on LOC exceedances are preliminary and will require an in-depth listed species evaluation to determine the potential co-occurrence of lis ted species and use patterns of bentazon.

Based on this screening-level assessment, acute and chronic risk resulting fr om direct effects is not expected for listed freshwater and estuarin e/marine fish (surrogates for aquatic-phase amphibians), and freshwater and es tuarine/marine invertebrates.

Precautionary labeling for beneficial insects is not required based on the acute toxicity data for honey bees. Risk resulting from direct effects to listed terrestrial inverteb rates is uncertain from the use of bentazon on its registered use sites.

Potential direct effects to liste d birds (surrogates for terrestria l-phase amphibians and reptiles), mammals, and terrestrial and aquatic plants from the use of bentazon may be associated with modification of primary constituent elements (PCEs) of designated critical habitat, where such designations have been made. Howe ver, at the current stage of th e Registration Review process, it is premature to make effects determinations fo r listed species until furt her scientific analysis and refinements are conducted, based on recomme ndations received from the National Academy of Sciences’ (NAS) National Research C ouncil (NRC) April 2013 report, available at http://www.nap.edu/cata log.php? record_id=18344 . The NAS report outlines recommendations on specific scientific and technical issues re lated to the development of pesticide risk assessments that are compliant with the Endangered Species Act (ESA) and the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA).

The EPA along with the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Se rvice (USFWS), the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) (collectively, the Services), a nd the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), released a summary of their implem entation plan for assessing risks of pesticides to listed species ahead of the stakeholder workshop held on N ovember 15, 2013. This plan was developed in response to the NAS’ recommendations, including a common approach to ri sk assessment as a way of addressing scientific differences betw een EPA and the Services. During the workshop, the agencies received feedback from the public on the interim scientific approaches that were developed as part of the initial implementati on of the NAS recommendations. These approaches will be jointly implemented and vetted as part of a phased iterative process. Once fully vetted,

5

### EPA will f urther refine the listed species effects determination portion of this risk assessment.

To make effects determinations for individual listed species, us eful refinements may include, but are not limited to, analyses of: 1) more detaile d, species-specific ecological and biological data; 2) more detailed and accurate information on be ntazon use patterns; and 3) sub-county level spatial proximity data for the co -occurrence of potential effects areas and listed species and any designated critical habitat. Examples of such refinements are described below.

EFED is currently developing tools that are expe cted to further refine the assessment and are designed to support effects determinations for individual federally list ed species and their designated critical habitats (where applicable). Scientific inform ation obtained from the Services, and other reliable sources is bei ng collated by EFED to a ddress all currently listed species. This information is being stored in an Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) P esticide R egistration I nformation S ysteM (PRISM) listed species knowledgeba se. The listed species knowledgebase consists of an information repository that houses biological and behavioral information relevant to individual species ( e.g. , habitat, diet, and life history, incl uding specific temporal and spatial associations) and a document repository that contains supporting documents ( e.g ., USFWS recovery plans) and el ectronic information ( e.g ., GIS data files). For te rrestrial taxa, biological information relevant to the assessment ( e.g ., diet and body weight) will be used to parameterizeexposure estimates using a method consistent with currently used methods in the T-REX and THERPS models.

Refinements will also include more detailed analyses of the registered uses and specific use patterns that result in either “Likely to Advers ely Affect” (LAA) or “Not Likely to Adversely Affect” (NLAA) determinations for federally li sted species. The analyses may include more information on where, when, and how bentazon is us ed on all use sites. Actual usage data (when available) and national land-cover datase ts that indicate potential use sites [ e.g ., National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD), Cropland Data Layer (CDL )] may be used to support a more refined analysis of where bentazon is reasonably expect ed to be used. Similarly, refinements on the timing of applications and a more in-depth exploration of agronomic practices for bentazon may be included as part of the refinement.

The refinements based on individu al species data; additional, de tailed usage information, when available; and recommendations from the NRC re port are expected to help to more accurately identify potential areas of effect and to better inform effects and habitat determinations for listed species and any designate d critical habitats.

I. Problem Formulation

A Registration Review Problem Formulation docu m ent was completed for bentazon in February of 2010 (USEPA 2010). Two endpoints described in the Problem Formulation are considered qualitative and their relevance is uncertain b ecause they involved a formulation that is not registered in the U.S. Therefor e these endpoints were not used qua ntitatively in this assessment. Additionally, five studies became available: an acute avian oral (pas serine) study (Guideline 850.2100; MRID 49141203), an acute fathead minnow study (850.1075: MRID 48970704), an early life-cycle fathead mi nnow study (850.1400; MRID 48970706), a freshwater invertebrate

6

### life cycle (850.1300; MRID 48970705), and an aquati c plant growth: alg ae, tier 2 (850.5400; MRID 48970703). Four of these studie s fulfilled data gaps identifie d in the problem formulation. Two additional data gaps identified in the problem formulation went unfulfilled: a tier 2 seedling emergence study (Guideline 850.4100) and a ti er 2 vegetative vigor study (850.4150). Two submitted plant studies were classifi ed as supplemental (MRIDs42129606 and 42129607).

Previous Assessments
Other recent actions were detailed in the Bentazo n Problem Formulation. Only the findings from the most recent ecological risk assessment is reviewed in this document. This most recent ecological risk assessment concer ned the IR-4 use of bentazon to control weeds in peach and nectarine orchards (USEPA 2005, DP 314025) and reached the following conclusions: Aquatic Organisms – no acute levels of concern (LOCs) were exceeded for freshwater and estuarine/marine fish and invertebrates, but listed LOCs were exceed ed (no non-listed LOCs exceeded) for aquatic plants. Chronic toxicity data for freshwater and estuarine/marine organisms had not been submitted by the registran t; therefore, the potential chronic risk to aquatic organisms could not be determined. Terrestrial Organisms – Based on results from the acute oral dose studies, the proposed use of bentazon exceeded LOCs for acute risk and lis ted species for certain types of birds and mammals. Specifically, acute LOCs were exceeded for small to medium birds that consume plants or small insects. Acute LOCs were also exceeded for small mammals that feed on short grass. The LOCs for presumption of acute risk to non-listed species were not exceeded; however, LOCs for presumption of risk to list ed species, as well as for risk that may be mitigated through restricted use designation, were exceeded. No LOC was exceeded when the risk assessment was based on results from subacute dietary studies . The LOC for chronic risk was not exceeded for birds, but was ex ceeded for many types of mammals. Potential chronic effects in mammals include reduced pup weights, and decr eased food consumption and body weight in adults.

Plants – The proposed use was determined to exceed the LOC for plants in wetland areas near the application site but not for plants in upl and habitats. The use did not exceed the LOC for effects on vegetative vigor that are associated with only folia r exposure from spray drift. It should be noted, however, that this assessment was based only on ground exposure. Greater exposure, and thus greater risk, may result from spray drift form aerial applications.

Overall conclusions – the use of bentazon potentially could adversely affect some listed species of birds, mammals, and plants. Specifically, listed small birds and mammals that feed on grass, broadleaf plants, or insects may be a ffected by acute exposure, and listed mammals of all sizes that feed on several food types may be affected by chronic exposure. The use could also adversely affect listed pl ants occurring in semi-aquatic ar eas near the application site.

K

ey Uncertainties/Information Gaps identified:

o Chronic toxicity data for estuarine/marine organisms were not submitted by the registrant; therefore, the potential chronic ri sk to aquatic organisms was not determined in this assessment.

o The avian and mammalian chronic risk quotie nts were calculated based on the maximum estimated residue concentration (based on Kenaga monograph) and the default foliar

7

### o The risk assessm ent did not include toxicity studies using bentaz on degradates. Bentazon degradates were also not analy zed in any of the terrestrial fi eld studies. Toxicity data is not available for bentazon degradates.

o The potential for endocrine disruptor rela ted effects was observed in mammalian and avian reproduction toxicity studi es using bentazon. There is al so a potential for endocrine disruptor related effects due to the toxicity of the degrad ates of bentazon. This risk assessment has not included an evaluation of the relative risk of bentazon and its degradates for endocrine disruption and, as such, is a source of uncertainty in this
assessment.

II. Use Characterization and Methods of Application

Bentazon is an active ingredient in several se lective herbicide products , including those that go by the trade nam es Basagran, Result, ARY 0485-001, Storm, Biscayne, and Bashazon. It is used for post-emergence control of broadleaf weeds a nd sedges in numerous agricultural field crops, including corn, soybeans, beans, rice, cereals, an d potatoes, as well as ar ound trees and vines in various fruit and nut crops. Bentazo n is also used to control weed s in residential and recreational lawns and around ornamental plants . Bentazon is always applied as a spray. Use data from 2004- 2012 indicate an annual average domestic use of approximately 1.081 million pounds of bentazon active ingredient (USEPA , 2014). It may be applied as a broadcast spray by aircraft or high pressure ground sprayer, or by ground equipment as a directed spray, or band treatment. It is available as liquid and water dispersible gr anules (dry flowable) formulations. Typically, registered labels allow bentazon to be applied at a rate of 1 to 2 lb acid equivalent (ae)/acre per application, with a maximum rate per year or crop season of 2 lb ae/acre, and a minimum retreatment interval of 5 or 7 days.

Currently, many of the product labels do not stat e a maximum number of applications allowed per year or crop season. Through discussions with the registrants, EFED believes that the detailed information on maximum application ra tes and use patterns given in Table 2 will be implemented on all bentazon labels (information not currently on labels indicated as bolded values in Table 2). The bentazon risk assessment is based on the information shown in this table. If for any reason the final bentazon labels contai ned higher application ra tes, higher numbers of applications, and/or shorter minimum retreatme nt intervals, the actua l risks posed by those products may exceed the risk estimated in this assessment.

8

### Table 2.1 Maximum Application Rates, Number of Applications, and Minimum Retreatment Intervals for Specific Bentazon Uses.

Use Site Max Single Application Rate (lb ae/A) Max # Apps/CC Max App Rate/

CC Max # Apps / Year Max App Rate/ Year Minimum Retreatment

Interval Foliar Applications Alfalfa, Clover grown for seed 1 2 2 2 2 5 Beans, Beans, dried-ty pe, Beans, succulent, Beans, succulent (lim a), Peas, dried-type, and Peas, succulent 1.5 2 2 2 2 5

Corn (silage), Corn (unspecified), Corn, field, Corn, pop, and Corn, sweet 1.5 2 2 2 2 5
Nonagricultural rights-ofway/fencerows/hedgerows, and Nonagricultural uncultivated areas/soils 1 2 2 2 2 7

Nursery stock, Ornamental and/or shade trees, Ornamental herbaceous plants, Ornamental lawns and turf, Ornamental nonflowering plants, and Ornamental woody shrubs and vines, Ornamentals 1 2 2 2 2 7

Peanuts 1.5 2 2 2 2 5 Peppermint and Spearmint 1.5 2 2 2 2 5 Residential lawns 1 2 2 2 2 7 Rice 1 2 2 2 2 5 Sorghum and Sorghum (silage) 1 2 1 2 1 5 Soybeans, Soybeans, edible (edamame) 1.5 2 2 2 2 5 At Planting/Pre-plant Above- g round, Foliar Applicatio ns (to control existin g weeds prior to, or at the time of, planting) Almond, Apple, Apricot, Avocado, Blackberry, Blueberry, Cherry, Crabapple, Date, Fig, Grapefruit, Grapes, Lemon, Lime, Macadamia nut (bushnut), Nectarine, Olive, Orange, Peach, Pear, Pecan, Pistachio, Plum, Pome granate, Prune, Raspberry (black, red), Tangelo, Tangerines, and Walnut (English/black) 1 2 2 2 2 5

CC = Crop Cycle. ae = Acid Equivalents. Bolded values iden tify information to be included in future labels, but not present on all current labels.



### III. Environmental Fate

3.1 Bentazon

Bentazon is relatively non-vol atile under field conditions (vapor pressure <1 × 10 -7 

### mm Hg) and has a low potential for bioaccumulation (log Ko w = -0.46). Bentazon has low binding affinities with soil matrices based on leaching and batch eq uilibrium studies, making it prone to runoff to surface water and infiltration into ground water. Degradation of bentazon occurs by abiotic photodegradation in water and only slowly thro ugh abiotic hydrolysis under acidic pH conditions. Bentazon is subject to microbial degradation in the aer obic soil environment and in aquatic field dissipation studies, but did not degrade in laborat ory aquatic metabolism studies. The major routes of transport to non-target sites include runof f, spray drift, and leaching.

9

### Degradation Bentazon is quite stable to hydrolysis in pH 5, 7, and 9 buffered solutions (t 1⁄2 

### = 392 and 1197 days at pH 5 and 7, respectively). Abiotic degradation of bentazon is controlled by photodegradation in water with a half-life of 2.63 days. Laborator y photolysis studies produced a large number of degradates ( Appendix B ) with o-amino-N-isopropyl benzamide (AIBA) and onitro-N-isopropyl benzamide having the highest concentrations (bot h occurring at 27 % of applied radioactivity (%AR) in abiotic aquatic photolysis stud ies). The degradate AIBA (found only in an aquatic photolysis study) demonstrated high mobility and vulnerability to microbial mediated degradation in soil. Hence it is considered very mobile, but not persistent.

These photolysis degradates were not found in the aquatic field dissipation studies. NMB, a degradate produced in the labor atory aerobic soil metabolism st udies, was the only degradate detected in the aquatic field di ssipation studies in rice paddies. Because photodegradation is most active in the water layer closest to the surface, a rice paddy would theoretically be expected to produce an abundance of photodegradates since the paddies are very shallow water bodies. Potentially, the photodegradates were produced in these paddies (similar to the laboratory aquatic photolysis studies), but are rapidly me tabolized under field conditions (unlike the abiotic conditions of the laboratory aquatic photolysis studies).

In aerobic mineral soils, Bentaz on degradation is mainly contro lled by microbial processes with subsequent residue incorporati on into soil organic matter and to a lesser extent by oxidative mineralization to CO 2 

### (t 1⁄2 

### = 4.3 to 68 days after correc tion to 25°C). The most common degradates of bentazon in the aerobic soil e nvironment other than une xtracted residues (80.4 %AR) or CO 2 

### (24.2 %AR) are N-methylbentazon (NMB) at 3.8 %AR and 8-Cl-bentazon at 1.2 %AR. The degradate NMB demonstrated a lack of mobility in a column leaching study and therefore, is more of a concern to surface waters rather than groundwater. There are no data available relating to NMB’s persistence in th e environment. Bentazon is quite stable under aerobic aquatic conditions (t 1⁄2 

### = 848 and 1100 days) or anaerobi c aquatic metabolism conditions (t 1⁄2 

### = 3555 days).

Transport The vapor pressure and Henry’s law constants of bentazon indicate that the chemical has a low potential to volatilize from soil and water. Batch equilibrium studies indi cate that bentazon has low binding affinities with soil. The laboratory estimated Kds range from 0.18 to 0.45 L/Kg for various soils and a sediment (ex cept 3.06 L/Kg for a heavy clay so il). Bentazon and its degradate AIBA are mobile in mineral soils. In leaching studies, bentazon and AIBA were observed in the leachate of a 30 cm soil column. This indicates a potential for movement of bentazon and its degradation product from treatment sites to groundwater. Ground wa ter monitoring data described in the EFED RED Science Chapter (U.S . EPA, 1994) show bentazon occurring in four out of eight states sampled including Califor nia (with the greatest number of detections, extending over 11 counties and found in 64 of 200 we lls), Florida, Missouri, and Virginia. The detected levels ranged from 0.01 to 20.0 μg/L. This monitoring data suggested the presence of bentazon in ground water appeared to be the result of agricultural usage. However, in a study on the leaching of pesticides from golf courses in Florida, bentazon residues were detected in 3 out of 24 wells with concentrations ranging from 3.3 to 120 μg/L . More recent ground and surface

10

### water sam pling by the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program of the US Geological Survey (USGS) found bentazon residues in groundwater samples from 29 states (maximum of 11.46 μg/L) and surfa ce water samples in 30 states (maximum of 8.6 μg/L). (The NAWQA data set is further describe d in the Monitoring Data Section.)

Terrestrial Field Dissipation Field dissipation studies were conducted in : Texas on sandy soil planted with peanuts; Mississippi on a Commerce silt loam soil planted with soybeans and peanuts; Mississippi on a Sharkey silty clay loam soil pl anted with soybeans; North Ca rolina on acidic, sandy loam soil planted with peanuts; Minnesota on clay soil planted with soybeans; and Idaho on a bare-ground sandy loam soil. In these studies, bentazon (applie d as a wettable powder or soluble concentrate at cumulative rates of 1.0 to 10 lbs ae/A) had fi eld dissipation half-lives of 7 to 33 days. The degradate AIBA was detected (< 0.05 ppm) in the North Carolin a, Mississippi, Alabama, and Idaho field dissipation studies. Be ntazon and AIBA were not detected in deep soil samples (>12 inches deep) in field studies.

Aquatic Field Dissipation Bentazon was applied in dry and flooded (~l inch depth) bare ground plots located in Mississippi and Louisiana. The Mississippi plots, consistin g of clay soil (1.4-1.8% organic matter), were treated using a backpack sprayer with a spray volume of 19.8-21.6 gallons per acre (gpa). The Louisiana plots, consisting of sandy loam soil (1 .2-1.6% organic matter), were treated using a hand-held sprayer with a spray volume of 21.54-23.12 gpa. EFED calculated first-order dissipation half-lives for bentaz on in water of 1.3 and 1.7 days fo r Mississippi plots and 6.2 and 3.4 days for Louisiana plots. Infrequent detec tions of minor degradate NMB were observed in water samples. Sediment and whole system half-l ives were not evaluated given the lack of soil storage stability data.

Bioaccumulation Low levels of bentazon were accumulated in the ti ssues of bluegill sunfish and channel catfish. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) for bentazon resi dues in bluegill sunfish was 0.4 in edible fish tissue, 2.3 in non-edible fish tissues, a nd 1.4 in the whole body (MRID 42236501). Depuration half-lives were 23.1 days in edible tissues, 13.9 in non-edible (viscera) tiss ues, and 13.9 in whole fish.

Low BCF values for bentazon were also obser ved in the channel ca tfish (MRIDs 00164087 and 40954801. After 28 days of exposure, channel catfis h had BCFs of 17 for fillet, 22 for whole fish, and 27 for viscera. Residue levels did not show a clear decline dur ing the 14 day depuration period with fillet decreasing, whole fish remaini ng stable, and viscera appearing to slightly increase over the depuration period. Based on the log Kow of -0.46 at pH 7 (MRID 00157712), the potential for bioaccumulation in organisms is low for bentazon in a neutral environment.

Selected physical, chemical and environmenta l fate properties of bentazon are listed in Table 3.1

.

11

### Table 3.1. Physical, Chemical and Enviro nmental Fate Properties of Bentaz on

Property Value Source (Classification)

Common name Sodium Bentazon TRID 470166029

CAS Registry No. 50723-80-3 TRID 470166029

PC Code 103901 USEPA 1994

Chemical name (CAS) 3-(1-methylethyl)-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)- one 2,2-dioxide sodium salt CPCN 2

IUPAC name sodium 3,4-dihydro-3-isopropyl-4-oxo-2,1,3- benzothiadiazin-1-ide 2,2-dioxide CPCN 2

SMILES notation c1cc2[N-]S(N(C(c2cc1)=O)C(C)C)(=O)=O.[Na+] EPISUITE 4.1 1

Synonyms BAS 351H MRID 41448001

Structure

N N SO 2

O CH 3 CH 3 Na + EPISUITE 4.1 1

Molecular formula C 10 H 12 N 2 NaO 3 S EPISUITE 4.1 1

Physical and Chemical Properties

Molecular weight 262.26 g/mol EPISUITE 4.1 1

Vapor pressure <1 × 10 -7 mm Hg (25 o C) USEPA 1994

Henry’s Law constant <5.55 × 10 -7 atm m 3 /mol Calculated 3

Solubility in water 570 mg/L @ 22 o C TRID 470166029

Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient (log K ow ) -0.46 (pH 7) MRID 00157712

Laboratory accumulation in fish bioaccumulation factor (BCF) bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus )



### channel catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus ) 0.4× in edible tissues 2.3× non-edible (viscera) tissues 1.4× whole fish

Depuration half-lives of 23.1 days in edible tissues, 13.9 in non-edible (viscera) tissues, and 13.9 in whole fish.

17× in edible tissues 27× non-edible (viscera) tissues 22× whole fish

Residue levels did not depurate during the 14 day MRID 42236501

MRID 40954801



### 12Property Source Value (Classification)

depuration period.

Environmental Fate Properties

Hydrolysis half-life pH = 5 pH = 7 pH = 9 392 days (SFO) @ 25 ° C 1197 days (SFO) @ 25 ° C Stable @ 25 ° C MRID 00161293 (Acceptable)

Photolysis half-life in water 3.43 days (IORE) @ 25 ° C Multiple Degradates (Appendix A) MRID 43646201 (Acceptable)

Photolysis half-life in soil 11.1 days Multiple Degradates (Appendix A) MRID 00040785 (Acceptable)

Aerobic soil metabolism half-life 54.0 days (Sandy Clay Loam) (SFO)

4.3 days (Sandy Loam) (SFO) 10.9 days (Loam) (SFO)

68.5 days (Sandy Loam) (SFO) 29.3 days (Loamy Sand) (IORE) 39.6 days (Clay Loam) (SFO) (all corrected to 25°C 4 )

Major Degradates: Unextracted Residues (Max 80.4% @ day 180) CO 2 (Max 24.2% @ day 367) MRID 00040209 (In review) MRID 00067244 (Supplemental)

MRID 40470502 (Acceptable)

Anaerobic soil metabolism half-life No Data Submitted --Anaerobic aquatic metabolism halflife for total system Total System: 3555 days (SFO) @ 25°C (No Major degradates) MRID 40470503 (Acceptable)

Aerobic aquatic metabolism half-life for total system 848 days (DFOP) @ 25°C (No Major degradates) MRID 40470504 (Supplemental)

Soil adsorption coefficient K d (L/kg) Adsorption 0.176 (MS Clay sediment) 0.422 (IL Clay) 0.384 (MI Clay) 3.056 (CA Heavy clay) 0.45 (NC Loamy sand) MRID 40470501 (Acceptable)

Terrestrial field dissipation half-life 3.14 days (SFO) MS Silt Loam 5.48 days (SFO) MS Silt Loam 5.75 days (SFO) MS Silt Loam 11.4 days (SFO) MN Silty Clay Loam (1.0 lb ae/A) 6.5 days (SFO) MN Silty Clay Loam (2.0 lb ae/A) 8.4 days (SFO) MS Silty Clay (1.0 lb ae/A) 12.6 days (SFO) MS Silty Clay (3.0 lb ae/A) 15.0 days (SFO) AL Sandy Loam (10.0 lb ae/A) 5.9 days (SFO) AL Sandy Loam (2.0 lb ae/A) 12.1 days (SFO) NC Sandy Loam (2.0 lb ae/A) MRID 00044390 MRID 00044400 MRID 00044401 MRID 00044402

MRID 00044405

MRID 00106226

MRID 00108287



### 13Property Source Value (Classification)

54.7 days (SFO) ID Sandy Loam (1.5 lb ae/A) 76.7 days (SFO) ID Sandy Loam (3.0 lb ae/A) No major degradates were reported MRID 00108296

(All Acceptable)

Aquatic field dissipation half-life Water column Mississippi: 1.3 to 1.7 days Louisiana: 3.4 to 6.2 days Sediment and whole system Not calculated 5 MRID 434319-01

1 http://www.epa.gov/opptintr/exposure/pubs/episuite.htm
2 Compendium of Pesticide Common Names ( http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides/index.html )
3 Calculated according to USEPA 2009c by: (VP × MW)/(760 × solubility).
4 DT 50 s values are Arrhenius-adjusted temperature @ 25°C for exposure model inputs
5 Sediment and whole system half lives were not evaluated for lack of soil storage stability data for bentazon.



### 3.2 Bentazon Degradates

There are only two fate studies that specifica lly address a bentazon degradate. Both are for degradate AIBA. MRID 00083339 is an abiotic hydrolysis study of AIBA (o-amino-N-isopropyl benzamide) and yielded half-lives of 384, 932, a nd 1886 days at pH 5, 7, and 9 in de-ionized water. MRID 00040788 is a soil-column leaching study that indicated that AIBA readily leaches from soil. Structures and percent formation of degradation products in various environmental fate studies are provided in Appendix C

. ECOSAR results suggest that bentazon degradat es may be equally toxic (AIBA, o-nitro-Nisopropyl benzamide, o-nitroso-N-isopropylbenz amide, photoproduct 10 and N-methylbentazon) or more toxic (photoproducts 12 and 13) than parent bentazon. EC OSAR estimates the photoproducts 12 and 13 are 32, 98, 18, 31, and 16 tim es more toxic than bentazon for fresh water fish, daphnids, green algae, saltwater fish and saltwater mysid respectively. The estimated toxicity values by ECOSAR for bentazon are similar to observe d toxicity values from the submitted studies ( Appendix D ). Based on the ECOSAR analysis, there are 7 degradates of concern: AIBA, O-nitro-N-isopropyl ben zamide, O-nitroso-N-isopropylbenzamide, photoproducts #10, #12 and #13 from MRID 00040785, and N-methylbentazon.

The two photoproducts that are potentially more toxic than bentazon (p hotoproducts 12 and 13) are dimers that are formed by conjoining two bentazon molecules (There are two different photoproducts because the attachment site is diffe rent on one of the bentazon molecules in the each of these photoproducts.) Potentially, dimers c ould form in the field (in which case it would be appropriate to assess their risk), or dimers coul d be a laboratory artifact (forming in the extraction procedure in which case it would be inappropriate to assess their risk). Considering that photoproduct 12 and 13 occurr ed a 9.4% and 8.8% of applie d radioactivity in the soil photolysis portion of MRID 00040785 and at 14% for both photoproducts (12 and 13) in the aquatic photolysis portio n of this same study (performed in 1974), but were not observed in a later aquatic photolysis study (MRID 43431904; performed in 1994) or the aquatic field

14

### dissipation study of rice paddies (MRID 43431901; performed in 1992), it seem s more likely the case that these photoproducts are laboratory artifacts generated in only this one particular aquatic/soil photolysis study.

IV. Summary of Ecological Effects Bentazon is practically non-toxic to moderately toxic to bo th aquatic and terrestrial animals based on available toxicity studies. Bentazon sh ows more toxic to dicotyledons (dicot), or broadleaf than to monocotyledons (monocot), or grasses and sedges. In general, studies with the typical end-use product (TEP) show ed similar toxicity to the technical grad e active ingredient (TGAI). Registrant submitted toxicity studies are not available for degradation products. The open literature contains several studies on bentazon toxic ity to non-target organisms. A review of ECOTOX data is included in Appendix J . This review focused on studies that included more sensitive end points than registrant submitted data. Toxicity endpoints (from registrant and ecotox studies) used to calculate ri sk quotients (RQs) are reported in Tables 4.1 and 4.2. All available studies including addi tional details are provided in Appendix E.

Table 4.1 The most Sensitive Bentazon T oxicity Endpoints for Aquatic Organisms
Taxa Species Exposure Toxicity endpoint MRID Rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri ) 96-hr LC 50 = 190 mg ae/L MRID 00041075 Fish (both fresh and salt water) Fathead minnows ( Pimephales promelas ) Early Life Cycle NOAEC: 9.83 mg ae/L LOAEC: >9.83 mg ae/L MRID 48970704
Midge ( Chironomus riparius ) 48-h (Water only) LC50 = 62.3 (54.3-70.9) mg a.i./L ECOTOX# 72621

48-hr LC 50 > 100 mg ae/L MRID 00161303 Aquatic invertebrates (both fresh and salt water) Waterflea ( Daphnia magna ) 21 day chronic toxicity NOAEC: 101.2 mg ae/L LOAEC: >101.2 mg ae/L MRID 48970705

EC 50 = 4.5 mg ae/L Green algae (Selenastrum capricornutum) 120 hr; Growth and Reproduction NOAEC = 0.9 mg ae/L LOAEC = 1.7 mg ae/L MRID 42129603

EC 50 = 5.35 mg ae/L Aquatic plants

Duckweed (Lemna gibba ) 14 day; Growth and Reproduction NOAEC = 1.53 mg ae/L LOAEC = 3.06 mg ae/L MRID 42129605

1 Fish represent surrogates for aquatic-phase amphibians.



### Table 4.2 The most Sensitive Bentazon Toxi city Endpoints for Terrestrial Organisms

Species 1 Exposure Scenario % AI Toxicity Endpoint MRID

14-d 94 LD 50 = 1171 mg ai/kg bw NOAEL = 500 mg ai/kg bw 00161296 Northern bobwhite quail ( Colinus virginianus ) Avian Reproduction 98 NOAEL = 800 ppm ai LOAEL > 800 ppm ai

No sub-lethal effect obse rved at the highest dose 44337801



### 158-d 42 LC 50 = 4830 mg ai/kg diet 3 NOAEL= 903 mg ai/kg diet 3 00108850
Mallard Duck ( A nas platyrhynchos ) Avian Reproduction

(22 weeks) 98 NOAEL = 800 ppm ai LOAEL > 800 ppm ai

No sub-lethal effect obse rved at the highest dose 44227402

Zebra finch ( Taeniopygia guttata ) 14-d (acute oral) 100 LD 50 = 281 mg ai/kg bw NOAEL = 160 mg ai/Kg 49141203

Acute Oral 94 LD 50 = 1480 mg ai/kg bw 00092065, 00064314
Rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) 2-generation reproduction 97.8 NOAEL = 15 mg ai/kg/day LOAEL = 62 mg ai/kg/day

Reduced pup growth (body weight gain) during lactation. 41054902

Honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) 48-hr (contact) 94 LD 50 > 100 μ g ai/bee 00161305

Monocots Ryegrass ( Lolium
perenne ) Seedling Emergence 53 EC 25 > 1 lb ai/A NOAEL = 0.11 lb ai/A (dry weight) 42129607

Monocots Onion ( Allium cepa ) Veg etative Vigor 53 EC 25 = 0.16 lb ai/A NOAEL= 0.125 lb ai/A (plant height) 42129606

Dicots Lettuce ( Lactuca

sa tiva ) Seedling Em ergence 53 EC 25 = 0.13 lb ai/A NOAEL = 0.11 lb ai/A (dry weight) 42129607

Dicots Cabbage ( Brassica oleracea ) Vegetative Vigor 53 EC 25 = 0.046 lb ai/A NOAEL= 0.025 lb ai/A (dry weight) 42129606

1 Birds represent surrogates for terrest rial-phase amphibians and reptiles.



### 4.1. Aquatic Organisms

Bentazon is practically non-toxic to freshwater an d estuarine/marine fish on an acute basis with a 96-hr LC 50 

### > 100 mg ae/L (bluegill sunfish; MRID 00161299/00161300 and fathead minnow; MRID 48970704) and LC 50 

### >136 mg ae/L (sheepshead minnow; MRID 42129601), respectively. An early life-stage study with fathead minnow showed a NOAEC value at 9.83 m ae/L (the highest concentration tested) ba sed on mean-measured concentration (MRID g

8970706).

),

an EC 50 

### >133 mg ae/L, based on a 4

On an acute basis, bentazon is slightly toxi c to practically no n-t oxic to freshwater and estuarine/marine invertebrates. In fr eshwater, the water flea had a 48-hr LC 50 

### of >245 mg ae/L (MRID 00161304), while the midge had a 48-hr LC 50 

### of >62.3 mg ai/L (ECOTOX# 72621 respectively. In saltwater, bentazon is practically non- toxic to Eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) with an EC 50 

### >109 mg ae/L, based on a submitted 96-hr acute toxicity study (MRID 42293501), and Mysid shrimp ( Americamysis bahia ) with

16

### su bm itted 96-hr acute toxicity study (MRID 42129602).

tom showed a 96 r EC 50 

### ≥ 31.2 mg ae/L and the NOAEC ≥ 12.9 mg ae/L (MRID 48970703).

ed in the

e active i ngredient alone. heref ore, these open literature studies will not be used to derive RQs.

4.2. Terrestrial Organisms

h an

hest treatm ent level, which was 800 g/kg-diet, a LOAEC was not established in this study.

n that

ody

PTT), and abnorma l red cell morphology) dur ing the first 13 weeks SEPA 2014b D422967). The green algae and duckweed t oxic ity tests resulted in EC 50 

### values of 4.5 and 5.4 mg ae/L, respectively (MRIDs 42129603 and 42129605). A study w ith a freshwater dia h

It should b e noted that two open literature studies were identified in the problem formulation as having more sensitive endpoints than the registra nt submitted studies for aquatic invertebrates and algae (references 114118 1 

### and 111918 2 

### ). These studies are consid ered qualitative and their relevance to effects is uncertain because they invo lved a formulation that is not register U.S. Comparison of toxicity data for TGAI (LC50 = 125 mg/L; MRID 161303) and a formulation that is registered in the US ( i.e. , Basagran; 48.9% a.i. ; LC50>500 mg/L; MRID 161304), do not suggest that basagran formulation is more toxic th an th T

Bentazon is moderately toxic to a p asserine species, zebra finch ( Taeniopygia guttata ), wit LD 50 

### of 281 mg ai/kg bw (MRID 49141203). However, it is slightly toxi c to the northern bobwhite quail with an LD 50 

### of 1,171 mg ai/kg bw (MRID 00161296) and practically non-toxic to the mallard duck with LD 50 

### of 14,483 mg ai/kg bw (MRID 00041804) on an acute oral basis. There were no effects up to and at 4,200 mg ai/kg diet for the bobw hite quail (MRID 00108851). It is slightly toxic to the mallard duck with an LD 50 

### of 4,830 mg ai/kg diet (MRID 00108850) on a subacute dietary basis. In a 22-week avia n reproduction study for both the northern bobwhite quail and mallard duck, the NOAEC was determin ed to be 800 mg/kg diet (MRIDs 44227402 and 44337801). Since no effects were observed at the hig

m

Bentazon is slightly toxic to mammals with an LD 50 

### of 1,480 mg ai/kg bw (MRID 00092065/00064314) on an oral acute basis. In a 2-generation reproduction study with rats, reproductive chronic effects were observed including reduced pup growth during lactatio resulted in NOAEL and LOAEL values of 16 and 62 mg ai/kg/day, respectively (MRID 41054902). The results were concurred by anot her chronic dog study that the NOAEL is 13.1 mg/kg/day and LOAEL is 52.3 mg /kg/day upon clinical signs (emaciation, dehydration, blo stool, pale mucous membranes, modera ted activity) and slight to severe anemia (decreased hemoglobin, hematocrit, and erythr ocyte count, decreased reticulocytes, plat elets, leukocytes, partial thromboplastin time ( (U

1 Hourmant, A., A. Amara, and P. Pouline. 2009. Effect of Bentazon on Growth and Physiological Responses of Marine Diatom: Chaetoceros gracilis

. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods . 19:109-115.
2 Stachowski-Haberkorn, S., Quiniou, F., Nedelec, M., Robert, R., Limon, G., and de la Broise, D. 2008. In-situ microcosms, a tool for assessment of pesticide impacts on oyster spat ( Crassostrea gigas ). Ecotoxicology 17: 235- 245.



### 17

### The m ost sensitive endpoint in the seedling emergence and vegetative vigor terrestrial plant studies was plant dry weight. Resu lts from terrestrial plant studies reflect the selectivity of bentazon in that they exhibit gr eater effects to dico ts than to monocots. Phytotoxicity data submitted by the registrants did not establish a LOAEC for seedling emergence and vegetative vigor for all ten test species. However, since the non-target plant risk assessment will be bas on effects to the most sensitive test species, and data from the studies did establish that the species for which LOAECs were not determined were relatively inse ed

nsitive species, additional hytotoxicity data are not required to complete the risk assessment.

data, larval acute data, chronic data for adult and larvae are available for this sk assessment.

kill in

, his

ith

played in

was onducted on October 2, 2014. No incidents a ssociated with bentaz on were identified.

orted

get’

The life incident s and no minor other non-target cidents for either bentazon active ingredient. p

Bentazon is practically non-toxic to honey bees on an acute c ontact basis resulting in an LD 50 

### >100 μg ai /bee (MRID 00161395). However, there ar e data gaps for the honey bee studies. No adult oral toxicity ri

4.4. Incident Information

No new incident information was found since the last review (USEPA 2010) in the Ecological Incident Inf ormation System (EIIS, version 2.1), which is maintained by the Agency’s Office of Pesticide Programs (accessed September, 2014). Th e previous review (USEPA 2010) identified two incidents potentially associated with bent azon. One incident (I014341-016) was a bee which residues of bentazon and the insecticide dimethoate were detected in the dead bees indicating bentazon exposure. However, as dimethoa te is much more toxic to bees than bentazon this mortality event was likely caused by the exposu re to dimethoate, rather than bentazon. T incident is therefore classified as “probable” for dimethoate and “unlikely” for bentazon. A second incident involved damage to a peanut crop from direct applicati on of bentazon along w four other herbicides (I011838-012). This incident was classified as “possible” for bentazon. Since five herbicidal active ingredients were app lied to the crop, the role that bentazon causing the plant damage is uncertain. A pr eliminary review of the Avian Monitoring Information System (AIMS), which is mainta ined by the American Bird Conservancy,

c

In addition to the incidents reco rded in EIIS and AIMS, additiona l incidents have been rep to the Agency in aggregated incident reports. Pesticide registrants re port certain types of incidents to the Agency as a ggregate counts of incidents occu rring per product per quarter. Ecological incidents reported in aggregate reports include those cat egorized as ‘minor fish and wildlife’ (W-B), ‘minor plant’ (P -B), and ‘other non-target’ (ONT ) incidents. ‘Oth er non-tar incidents include reports of adve rse effects to insects and other terrestrial invertebrates. For bentazon, registrants have reporte d 38 minor plant incidents associated with sodium bentazon (PC code 103901) and one minor plant incident associated with bentazon (PC code 275200). registrants have reported no mi nor fish and wild in

18

### 5.1 Aquatic habitats

Exposure Estimates

The Surface Water Concentration Ca lculator (SWCC v 1.106) m odel 3 

### was used to generate estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) for all uses other than rice. The SWCC is a graphical user interface that runs the Pestic ide Root Zone Model (PRZM, v 5, November 15, 2006) and the Variable Volume Water B ody Model (VVWM, 3/6/2014) (USEPA, 2006b). Simulations are run for multiple (usually 30) year s and the EECs represent peak values that are expected once every ten years based on the thirty years of daily values generated during the simulation. The SWCC model was parameterized usi ng relevant use and environmental fate data for bentazon according to the EFED input para meter guidance for water modeling (USEPA, 2009). For bentazon use on rice, the Tier 1 Rice model was us ed. Input parameters and representative results of SWCC and rice models are provided in Appendix F

.

There are some uncertainties associated with modeling photoproducts 12 and 13 (the potentially most toxic degradates). These photodegradates are dimers (two bentazon molecules joined together at different locations on the molecules). First, there is an uncertainty whether the dimers would actually form in the environment or are an artifact of the extraction procedure. (Potentially, dimers could be formed during th e extraction procedure when the molecules are concentrated after removal from the environmenta l matrix at which point the bentazon molecules might react with each other to form dimers.) S econd, these dimers were identified in a laboratory study from 1974, but not found in th e aquatic field dissipation study in rice fields in 1992 or another laboratory study from 1994. The majority of photolytic reactions are expected to occur in the surficial layers of water. Therefore, the sha llow water environments of rice paddies would be expected to be an aquatic environment where ph otolysis would play an exaggerated role and produce more photoproducts.

The total residues method (USEPA, 2008a) is used to adjust degradation ra tes to account for the presence of these degradates of concern in the exposure assessment. This method was used to estimate the 1-in-10 year exposur e concentrations for total resi dues representing the combined exposure to the residues of concern (bentazon and 7 degradates of concern). It should be noted that some of these degradates only occurred in the soil photolysis study. Soil photolysis is not input into the EFED’s aquatic exposure models. Therefore these degradates will not factor into the aquatic exposure estimates.

The EECs based on bentazon and its degradates of concern (Bentazon+DOC) for all usage scenarios and highest applic ation rates are provided in Table 5.1 . The highest EECs are for rice at 1920 μg/L (1.92 ppm) and are based on EFED’s Tier 1 Rice Model, which does not account for degradation within the rice paddy prior to rele ase of the paddy water. The next highest scenario in terms of the EECs pr oduced is the KS corn scenario with a peak EEC of 88 μg/L, which is 20 times less than the rice model EEC. The registrant has conducted aquatic field dissipation studies that show sim ilar peak concentrations to the tier 1 Rice Model, but unlike the Rice Model, relatively rapid de gradation or sediment sequest ration occurs in rice paddies. Potentially aquatic field dissipati on studies could be used to refi ne the aquatic exposure from use

3 http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1 /m odels/water /index.htm



### 19

### 20 on rice and estimate holding times that could be us ed to mitigate any off-site risk issues identified in this assessment.Table 5.1 Estimated Environmental Concentrations (EECs) of Bentazon and its Degradates of Concern (Bentazon+DOC) forSurface Water and Pore WaterSurface Water (μg/L)Pore Water (μg/L)Use/ScenarioAerial (A) orGround (G) /Initial App.Dates (d-m)Max. SingleApp. Rate(lb ae/A)Max.Numberof App.Max. App. RatePer Year(lb a.i./A)Min. App.Interval(Days)Peak21-day60-dayPeak21-dayContribution of SprayDrift to Total Pesticideand DegradatesEntering Pond (%)Alfalfa, CloverA / 8-4122540.439.738.232.332.581.0Bentazon+DOCNCalfalfaOPG / 8-4122527.827.326.523.223.367.1Beans, Beans, dried-type, Beans, succulent, Beans, succulent (lima), Peas, dried-type, and Peas, succulentA / 26-51.522558.557.455.345.845.864.3Bentazon+DOCMIbeansSTDG / 26-51.522548.547.645.938.038.146.3Corn (silage), Corn (unspecified), Corn, field, Corn, pop, and Corn, sweetA / 7-51.522581.579.877.061.461.453.6Bentazon aloneKSCornStdG / 7-51.522569.968.766.152.252.235.5A / 7-51.522588.286.483.366.966.853.7Bentazon+DOCKSCornStdG / 7-51.522570.068.866.252.352.335.3Nonagricultural rights-of-way/fencerows/hedgerows, and Nonagricultural uncultivated areas/soilsBentazon+DOCFLturfSTDG / 27-1122712.912.612.110.110.194.8Nursery stock, Ornamental and/or shade trees, Ornamental herbaceous plants, Ornamental lawns and turf, Ornamental nonfloweringplants, and Ornamentalwoody shrubs and vines, Ornamentals (unspecified)Bentazon+DOCFLnurserySTDG / 27-1122729.427.426.121.121.161.5Peanuts (unspecified)A / 8-51.522540.539.938.431.331.378.1Bentazon+DOCFLnurserySTDG / 8-51.522528.528.027.023.023.162.9Peppermint and SpearmintA / 12-41.522528.828.227.223.323.398.6Bentazon+DOCORmintSTDG / 12-41.522514.914.614.112.112.197.0Residential lawns (assumes no aerobic soil metabolism on impervious surfaces)94.8 (Turf)Bentazon+DOCFLturfSTD withCAImperviousRLFG / 27-112273.833.803.663.063.057.0 (Impervious)Rice (Same values for bentazon alone and bentazon with degradates of concern)Tier 1 Rice ModelNA1225192019201920NASorghum and Sorghum (silage)Bentazon+DOCA / 1-4121547.648.450.140.640.649.22122Surface Water (μg/L)Pore Water (μg/L)Use/ScenarioAerial (A) orGround (G) /Initial App.Dates (d-m)Max. SingleApp. Rate(lb ae/A)Max.Numberof App.Max. App. RatePer Year(lb a.i./A)Min. App.Interval(Days)Peak21-day60-dayPeak21-dayContribution of SprayDrift to Total Pesticideand DegradatesEntering Pond (%)TXsorghumOPG / 1-4121545.746.548.237.637.631.6Soybeans (unspecified), Soybeans, edible (edamame)A / 13-41.522578.176.974.661.361.348.5Bentazon+DOCMSsoybeanSTDG / 13-41.522568.367.469.754.254.231.0At Planting/Pre-plant Applications – Almond, Apple, Apricot, Avocado, Blackberry, Blueberry, Cherry, Crabapple, Date, Fig, Grapefruit, Grapes, Lemon,Lime, Macadamia nut (bushnut), Nectarine, Olive, Orange, Peach, Pear, Pecan, Pistachio, Plum, Pomegranate, Prune, Raspberry (black, red), Tangelo,Tangerines, and Walnut (English/black)Bentazon+DOCMIbeansSTDG / 28-5122562.160.758.449.849.865.5

### In order to estim ate the relative contribution of degradates to the total residue EECs. The corn scenario was run with and without the degradates of concern (DOC) in Ta ble 5-1. Subtracting the without DOC EECs from the with DOC EECs indicates that in the corn scenario, the degradates only contributed 7 μ g/L to the aerial applic ation surface water EECs, 6 μ g/L to the ground application surface water EECs, and 0.1 μ g/L to both the ground and aerial application surface water EECs. Therefore, the degradates repres ent a relatively minor share of the combined bentazon and DOC exposure.

Monitoring Data

The U.S. Geological Survey National Wate r-Quality Assessment (USGS NAWQA) Data Warehouse (accessed 8/4/2014) has 8657 surface water sample concentration results for bentazon from 1084 sites in 44 states and Washi ngton D.C. The number of samples collected at each site ranges from 1 to 119 and were collected between 3/15/1993 and 9/6/2012. Eighty-eight percent of sample results (7579) are less than the detection li mit which ranged from 0.0025 to 0.15 μg/L. Results from samples measured above the detection limit or “estimated” ranged from 0.002 to 8.6 μg/L. At the sites with the most bent azon detections there t ypically was a definite annual peak in concentration with maximum annual concentration in late June or July. Values were typically below detection limits for the remainder of the year ( Figure 1 ). In this data set, it appeared that: 1) the most pronounced bentazon c oncentration peaks occurred in the 1990s in comparison to the data collected after 2000; and 2) these peaks occurred at a greater number of sites in the 1990s relative to the data collected after 2000.

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8Bentazon Concentration (μg/L)

Date Figure 1. Example annual bentazon concentration peak s in 1997 and 1998 from the USGS NAWQA data set for a site with numerous bentazon detections (Sangamon River at Monticello, IL).



### There are some limitations w ith the non-targeted monitoring data cited above. Critical information is not available to determine how well sampling events at the monitoring sites correspond with bentazon applicat ions. The sampling frequency may be sufficient for estimating long-term average concentrations for chronic to xicity endpoints but is likely inadequate for estimating peak exposures for acute endpoints. The monitoring results can provide a lower bound of anticipated exposures from bentazon resi dues in water bodies in bentazon use areas.

23

### 5.2 Terrestrial Hab itats

Birds and Mammals

Terrestrial wildlife exposure is estimated w ith EFED’s T-REX v1.5.2 model (June 6, 2013) for birds and mammals emphasizing a dietary exposure route for the uptake of pesticide residues on vegetative matter and insects. Birds are consider ed surrogates for terrestrial-phase amphibians and reptiles. Therefore, conclusions related to risks to birds also applied to risks to terrestrialphase amphibians and reptiles. The estimated environmental concentrations (EECs), on food items may be compared directly wi th sub-acute dietary toxicity data or converted to an ingested whole-body dose (single oral dose, as the latter is the case for small mammals and birds). Risk was assessed based on toxicity to the TGAI. The Basa gran formulations showed toxicity at levels similar to the TGAI. Foliar application exposur es are estimated for birds in Table 5.2 and mammals in Table 5.3.

A sample of T-REX output is provided in Appendix G. Determination of residue dissipation over time on food items following single and multip le applications are predicted using a firstorder residue degradation half- life with T-REX. The risk assessment uses a default foliar dissipation half-life estimate of 35 days. This default value is us ed in lieu of representative foliar dissipation data for bentazon because no suitable fo liar dissipation data were provided to EFED. In addition to foliar half-life, inputs into T- REX include the applica tion rate, interval, and number of applications. The app lication scenarios for all crops ar e grouped based on similarity of application rate and intervals.

Table 5.2 Avian EECs for Bentazon Uses

Dose-based 1 EECs (mg/kg-bw) Dietary-based 1 EECs (mg/kg-food item) 

### Food Items Small 20 g Medium 100 g Large 1000 g Kenaga Values

Beans, dried-type beans, succulent beans, lima beans, dried-type peas, succulent peas, silage corn, unspecified corn, field corn, popc orn, sweet corn, peanuts, peppermint and spearmint, soybeans, and edible soybeans

5-d application interval, 2 applications / year: 1 st : 1.5 lbs ai/A, 2 nd : 0.5 lbs ai/A Short Grass 508.02 289.69 129.70 446.06
Tall Grass 232.84 132.78 59.45 204.44 Broadleaf plants 285.76 162.95 72.96 250.91 Fruits/pods 31.75 18.11 8.11 27.88 Arthropods 198.97 113.46 50.80 174.71 Seeds 7.06 4.02 1.80 27.88 Alfalfa, clover grown for seed, rice, sorghum and silage sorghum, almond, ap ple, apricot, avocado, blackberry, blueberry, cherry, crab apple, date, fig, grapefruit, gr apes, lemon, lime, macadamia nut (bushnut), nectarine, olive, orange, peach, pear, peca n, pistachio, plum, pomegranate, prune, raspberry (black, red), tangelo, tangerines, and walnut (English/black)

5-d application interval, 2 applications / year; 1 lbs ai/A each Short Grass 520.90 297.04 132.99 457.37 Tall Grass 238.75 136.14 60.95 209.63



### 24Broadleaf plants 293.01 167.09 74.81 257.27 Fruits/pods 32.56 18.57 8.31 28.59 Arthropods 204.02 116.34 52.09 179.14
Seeds 7.23 4.13 1.85 28.59 Nursery stock, ornamental shade trees, ornamental he rbaceous plants, ornamenta l lawns/turf, ornamentalnonflowering plants, ornamental woody shrubs/vines, ornamentals, nonagricultural rights-ofway/fencerows/hedgerows, and nonagricultural unc ultivated areas/soils and residential lawns

7-d application interval, 2 applications / year; 1 lbs ai/A each Short Grass 511.29 291.56 130.53 448.93 Tall Grass 234.34 133.63 59.83 205.76 Broadleaf plants 287.60 164.00 73.43 252.52 Fruits/pods 31.96 18.22 8.16 28.06 Arthropods 200.25 114.19 51.13 175.83 Seeds 7.10 4.05 1.81 28.06



### Table 5.3 Mammalian EECs for Bentazon Uses Mammal Dietary-based 1 Mammal Oral Dose-based 1 EECs EECs 

### Food Items Small 15 g Medium 35 g Large 1000 g Kenaga Values

Beans, dried-type beans, succulent beans, lima beans, dried-type peas, succulent peas, silage corn, unspecified corn, field corn, popc orn, sweet corn, peanuts, peppermint and spearmint, soybeans, and edible soybeans

5-d application interval, 2 applications / year: 1 st : 1.5 lbs ai/A, 2 nd : 0.5 lbs ai/A
Short Grass 425.28 293.93 68.15 446.06
Tall Grass 194.92 134.72 31.23 204.44 Broadleaf plants 239.22 165.33 38.33 250.91 Fruits/pods 26.58 18.37 4.26 27.88 Arthropods 166.57 115.12 26.69 174.71 Seeds 5.91 4.08 0.95 27.88 Alfalfa, clover grown for seed, rice, sorghum and silage sorghum, almond, ap ple, apricot, avocado, blackberry, blueberry, cherry, crab apple, date, fig, grapefruit, gr apes, lemon, lime, macadamia nut (bushnut), nectarine, olive, orange, peach, pear, peca n, pistachio, plum, pomegranate, prune, raspberry (black, red), tangelo, tangerines, and walnut (English/black)

5-d application interval, 2 applications / year; 1 lbs ai/A each Short Grass 436.07 301.38 69.88 457.37 Tall Grass 199.87 138.13 32.03 209.63 Broadleaf plants 245.29 169.53 39.31 257.27 Fruits/pods 27.25 18.84 4.37 28.59 Arthropods 170.79 118.04 27.37 179.14
Seeds 6.06 4.19 0.97 28.59 Nursery stock, ornamental shade trees, ornamental he rbaceous plants, ornamenta l lawns/turf, ornamentalnonflowering plants, ornamental woody shrubs/vines, ornamentals, nonagricultural rights-ofway/fencerows/hedgerows, and nonagricultural unc ultivated areas/soils and residential lawns



### 257-d application interval, 2 applications / year; 1 lbs ai/A each
Short Grass 428.02 295.82 68.59 448.93 Tall Grass 196.18 135.58 31.44 205.76 Broadleaf plants 240.76 166.40 38.58 252.52 Fruits/pods 26.75 18.49 4.29 28.06 Arthropods 167.64 115.86 26.86 175.83 Seeds 5.94 4.11 0.95 28.06



### The latest EFED guidance for assessing pesticide risks to bees was used to estimate the EEC for honey bee exposure. The acute cont act EEC (4.05 μg ai/bee) was calculated based on the 1.5 lb ai/acre maximum application rate (using th e formula 1.5 x 2.7 μg ai/bee) (USEPA 2014).

TerrPlant (v 1.2.2) was used to calculate EECs for characterizing exposur e to terrestrial and semi-aquatic plants through spra y drift and runoff of bentazon. The EECs were derived for dry and semi-aquatic areas adjacent to the treatment s ite. The input value for spray drift fraction is 0.05 for aerial spray and 0.01 for ground spray, and runoff fraction is 0.05 based on the bentazon water solubility (570 mg/L). The input for incorp oration depth is 1 inch for aerial and ground application.

The most sensitive endpoint in the seedling emergence and vegetative vigor terrestrial plants studies was plant dry weight. The most sensitive species in the seedling emergence study was the dicot, lettuce, with NOAEC and EC 25 

### values of 0.11 and 0.13, respectively. The most sensitive species in the vegetative vigor study wa s the dicot, cabbage, with NOAEC and EC 25 

### values of 0.025 and 0.046 lb ai/A, respectively. The most se nsitive monocot species, ryegrass, in the seeding emergence study with NOAEC value of 0.11, but the EC 25 

### value for seedling emergence was not provided. The most sensitive monocot sp ecies, onion, in the vegetative vigor study with NOAEC and EC25 values of 0.125 and 0.16. Risk was assessed based on toxi city to the TGAI. (The Basagran formulations and TGAI showed toxicity at similar exposure levels.) Table 5.4 lists the plant EECs for bentazon uses.

Table 5.4 Plant EECs for Bentazon Uses

Description Equation* EECs (Aerial) EECs (Ground) Beans, dried-type beans, succulent beans, lima beans, dried-type peas, succulent peas, silage corn, unspecified corn, field corn, popc orn, sweet corn, peanuts, peppermint and spearmint, soybeans, and edible soybeans

1 application at 1.5 lbs ai/A Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.075 0.075 Runoff to semi-aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.75 0.75 Spray drift A*D 0.075 0.015 Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.15 0.09 Total for semi-aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.825 0.765 Alfalfa, clover grown for seed, rice, sorghum and silage sorghum, almond, ap ple, apricot, avocado, blackberry, blueberry, cherry, crab apple, date, fig, grapefruit, gr apes, lemon, lime, macadamia nut (bushnut), nectarine, olive, orange, peach, pear, peca n, pistachio, plum, pomegranate, prune, raspberry (black, red), tangelo, tangerines, and walnut (English/black) Nursery stock, ornamental shade trees, ornamenta l herbaceous plants, ornamental lawns/turf, ornamental nonflowering plants, ornamental woody sh rubs/vines, ornamentals, nonagricultural rights-of

### 26way/fencerows/hedgerows, and nonagricultural unc ultivated areas/soils and residential lawns

1 application at 1 lbs ai/A Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.05 0.05 Runoff to semi-aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.5 0.5 Spray drift A*D 0.05 0.01 Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.1 0.06 Total for semi-aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.55 0.51 *Equation abbreviation: A – Application Rate; I – In corporation; R – Runoff; and D – Drift Fraction



### VI. Risk Estimation

This preliminary assessment of bentazon was used to provide a me tric of potential risks based on the RQ method, which is a comparison of e xposure estimates to toxicity endpoints ( i.e. , RQ = EEC/toxicity endpoint). The resultin g RQs are compared to the Agency’s risk levels of concern (LOC) criteria, which are the Agency’s interpretive policy such that when acute or chronic risk LOCs are exceeded, the need for regulatory action may be considered. The acute LOC (0.5) is for non-listed terrestrial bi rds, mammals and aquatic animals, and the acute LOC (0.4) is for nonlisted terrestrial inverteb rates. The acute LOC (0.1) is for li sted terrestrial birds and mammals, and LOC (0.05) is for listed aquatic animals and te rrestrial invertebrates. The chronic LOC (1) is the same for all listed and non-lis ted terrestrial birds, mammals and invertebrates, and aquatic animals. For terrestrial and aqua tic plants, the LOC (1) is same for both non-listed species (based on the estimation of EEC/EC 25 

### ) and listed species (based on estimation of EEC/EC 05 

### or NOAEL).

6.1 Aquatic Organisms

F or most aquatic taxa the estima ted exposure is below levels of concern. This is the case for:

 Fish and aquatic phase amphibians – The acute endpoint (LC 50 

### ) is 190 mg ai/L (190,000 μg/L), while the highest exposure EEC is 1920 μg/L (Tier 1 Rice Model). The
LC 50 

### is 99 times the highest EEC, and produces an RQ of 0.01, which does not exceed the non-listed acute LOC of 0.5 or the listed acute LOC of 0.05. Similarly the chronic endpoint (NOAEC) for freshwater fish is 9.83 mg ai/L (9,830 μg/L or 5 times the highest exposure EEC) and produces an RQ of 0.2, which does not exceed the chronic listed and non-listed LOC of 1.

 Aquatic invertebrates – The lowest (most sensitive) LC 50 

### is 62.3 mg ai/L (62,300 μg/L) is 32 times the highest EEC, and produces an RQ of 0.03, which does not exceed the nonlisted LOC of 0.5 or the list listed LOC of 0.05 (ECOTOX Ref. # 72621). Similarly the chronic endpoint (NOAEC) for water-column dw elling invertebrates is set at the highest concentration tested (101.2 mg ai/L or 101,200 μg/L). Since effects were not observed at the highest concentration tested, which is >50 times the highest exposure EEC (LOC of 1), the potential is low for chronic effects to water-column dwelling invertebrates. A 10

27

###  Non-vascular aquatic plants – The LC 50 

### of 4.5 mg ai/L (4500 μg/L) is 2.3 times the highest EEC, and produces an RQ of 0.43, whic h does not exceed the non-listed LOC of 1. The NOAEC for listed non-vascular plants of 0.9 mg ai/L (900 μg/L) is only 0.47 times the highest EEC, and produces an RQ of 2.1, which does exceed the non-listed LOC of 1

 Vascular aquatic plants – The LC 50 

### of 5.35 mg ai/L (5350 μg/L) is 2.8 times the highest EEC, and produces an RQ of 0.36, wh ich does not exceed the listed LOC of The NOAEC for listed vascular plants of 1.53 mg ai/L (1530 μg/L) is only 0.8 times highest EEC, and produces an RQ of 1.25, wh ich also exceeds the listed LOC of 1. 1. the

Therefore, based on the exposure estimates of the Tier 1 Rice Model, the Agency does have risk concerns for listed non-vascular and vascular plants. The scenar io that produces next highest exposures (KS Corn) has a peak EEC of 88.2 μg /L and produces RQs of only 0.09 and 0.06 for listed non-vascular and vascular plants, respectively, which are both below the listed LOC of 1. Therefore, only the rice use produces aquatic ri sk concerns based on the Tier 1 Rice Model.

6.2 Birds and Mammals

Tables 6.1 and 6.2 list the RQs for birds and mammals for all bentazon uses. For all uses, the acute LOCs are not exceeded for seed consump tion for all size classes of birds and mammals; other food items vary. For birds in the 20 g si ze class, RQs are exceeded for listed species feeding on fruits/pods and for listed and non-list ed species consuming short and tall grass, broadleaf plants and arthropods. For birds in the 100 g size class, RQs are exceeded for listed and non-listed species on short grasses and list ed species on tall grass, broadleaf plants and arthropods. For birds in the 1000 g size class, RQs are exceeded for listed species feeding on short and tall grass, and broadl eaf plants. No LOC was exceeded when the risk assessment was based on results from subacute dietary studies. The chronic LOC (1) is not exceeded for birds on short and tall grasses, broadleaf plants and arthropods for all cons idered size classes of birds (20- 1000 g)

For mammals, the acute LOC is only exceeded for lis ted species consuming short grass. None of the uses exceeded the non-listed species acute LOC (0.5) for all si ze classes of mammals (15-

28

### 1000 g) (Table 6.2). For all uses, RQs are at or ex ceed the listed species acute LOC (0.1) for mammals in the 15 g size class on short grass an d broadleaf plants, and for mammals in the 35 g size class on short grass. The chronic LOC (1 ) is exceeded for mammals on short and tall grasses, broadleaf plants and ar thropods for all considered si ze classes of mammals (15-1000 g) based on a 2-generation reproduction NOAE L (15 mg ai/kg/day) (MRID 41054902).

.
Table 6.1 Avian RQs for Bentazon Uses
Avian Oral Dose-based 1 Acute RQs Avian Dietary-based 1 RQs 

### Uses Food Items 20 g 100 g 1000 g Acute Chronic

Short Grass 1.66 ** 0.75 ** 0.24 * 0.09 0.49
Tall Grass 0.76 ** 0.34 * 0.11 * 0.04 0.23 Broadleaf plants 0.94 ** 0.42 * 0.13 * 0.05 0.28 Fruits/pods 0.10 * 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.03 Arthropods 0.65 ** 0.29 * 0.09 0.04 0.19 Bean, corn, peanuts, soybeans, etc 2

. 5-d appl interval

2 appls / year 1 st : 1.5 lbs ai/A 2 nd : 0.5 lbs ai/A Seeds 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.03
Short Grass 1.71 ** 0.76 ** 0.24 * 0.09 0.51 Tall Grass 0.78 ** 0.35 * 0.11 * 0.04 0.23 Broadleaf plants 0.96 ** 0.43 * 0.14 * 0.05 0.28 Fruits/pods 0.11 * 0.05 0.02 0.01 0.03 Arthropods 0.67 ** 0.30 * 0.09 0.04 0.20 Alfalfa, rice, almond, apple, etc 3

. 5-d appl interval

2 appls / year

1 lbs ai/A

Seeds 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.03
Short Grass 1.67 ** 0.75 ** 0.24 * 0.09 0.50
Tall Grass 0.77 ** 0.34 * 0.11 * 0.04 0.23 Broadleaf plants 0.94 ** 0.42 * 0.13 * 0.05 0.28 Fruits/pods 0.10 * 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.03 Arthropods 0.66 ** 0.29 * 0.09 0.04 0.19 Ornamental, shade trees, non-agricultural rights-of-way, fencerows, etc 4

. 7-d appl interval

2 appls / year

1 lbs ai/A Seeds 0.02 0.01 <0.01 0.01 0.03 Appl – Application
1 The below notation will be used to denote valu es that exceed the Levels of Concern (LOC) *exceeds acute listed species LOC (0.1) **exceeds acute non-listed species LOC (0.5)

+ exceeds chronic listed and non-listed species LOC (1)
2 Beans, dried-type beans, succul ent beans, lima beans, dried-type peas, succulent peas, silage corn, unspecified corn, field cor n, popcorn, sweet corn, peanuts, peppermint and spearmint, soyb eans, and edible soybeans.
3 Alfalfa, clover grown for seed, rice, sorghum and silage sorghum, almond, apple, ap ricot, avocado, black berry, blueberry, cherry, crabapple, date, fig, grapefruit, grapes, lemon, lime, macadamia nut (bushnut), nectarine, olive, orange, peach, pear, pecan, pistachio, plum, pomegranate, prune, raspberry (black, red), tangelo, tangerines, and walnut (English/black).
4 Nursery stock, ornamental shade trees, or namental herbaceous plants , ornamental lawns/turf, or namental nonflowering plants, ornamental woody shrubs/vines, ornamentals, nonagricultu ral rights-of-way/fencerows/he dgerows, and nonagricultural uncultivated areas/soils and residential lawns



### Table 6.2 Mammalian RQs for Bentazon Uses
Small mammal 1 15 g Medium mammal 1 35 g Large mammal 1 1000 g Dietarybased RQs Uses Food Items Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Chronic



### 29Small mammal 1 15 g Medium mammal 1 35 g Large mammal 1 1000 g Dietarybased RQs Food Uses Items Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Chronic

Short
Grass 0.13* 12.90 + 0.11* 11.02 + 0.06 5.91 + 1.49 +

Tall Grass 0.06 5.91 + 0.05 5.05 + 0.03 2.71 + 0.68

Broadleaf

plants 0.07 7.26 + 0.06 6.20 + 0.03 3.32 + 0.84
Fruits/pods 0.01 0.81 0.01 0.69 0.00 0.37 0.09 Arthropods 0.05 5.05 + 0.04 4.32 + 0.02 2.31 + 0.58 Bean, corn,

peanuts, soybeans, etc. 5-d appl 2 interval

2 appls / year 1 st : 1.5 lbs ai/A 2 nd : 0.5 lbs ai/A

Seeds 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.08 0.09
Short
Grass 0.13* 13.23 + 0.11* 11.30 + 0.06 6.06 + 1.52 +

Tall Grass 0.06 6.06 + 0.05 5.18 + 0.03 2.78 0.70
Broadleaf

plants 0.08 7.44 + 0.06 6.36 + 0.03 3.41 + 0.86

Fruits/pods 0.01 0.83 0.01 0.71 0.00 0.38 0.10 Arthropods 0.05 5.18 + 0.04 4.43 + 0.02 2.37 + 0.60 Alfalfa, rice, almond, apple,
etc. 5-d appl interval

2 appls / year

1 lbs ai/A,

Seeds 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.08 0.10
Short
Grass 0.13* 12.98 + 0.11* 11.09 + 0.06 5.94 + 1.50 +

Tall Grass 0.06 5.95 + 0.05 5.08 + 0.03 2.72 + 0.69 Broadleaf

plants 0.07 7.30 + 0.06 6.24 + 0.03 3.34 + 0.84

Fruits/pods 0.01 0.81 0.01 0.69 0.00 0.37 0.09 Arthropods 0.05 5.09 + 0.04 4.34 + 0.02 2.33 + 0.59 Ornamental,shade trees, nonagricultural rights-of-way, fencerows, etc. 7-d appl interval

2 appls / year

1 lbs ai/A,

Seeds 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.08 0.09 Appl – Application
1 The below notation will be used to denote values that exceed the Levels of Concern (LOC) *exceeds Acute listed species LOC (0.1)

+ exceeds Chronic listed and non-listed species LOC (1)
2 Beans, dried-type beans, succul ent beans, lima beans, dried-type peas, succulent peas, silage corn, unspecified corn, field cor n, popcorn, sweet corn, peanuts, peppermint and spearmint, soyb eans, and edible soybeans.
3 Alfalfa, clover grown for seed, rice, sorghum and silage sorghum, almond, apple, ap ricot, avocado, black berry, blueberry, cherry, crabapple, date, fig, grapefruit, grapes, lemon, lime, macadamia nut (bushnut), nectarine, olive, orange, peach, pear, pecan, pistachio, plum, pomegranate, prune, raspberry (black, red), tangelo, tangerines, and walnut (English/black).
4 Nursery stock, ornamental shade trees, or namental herbaceous plants , ornamental lawns/turf, or namental nonflowering plants, ornamental woody shrubs/vines, ornamentals, nonagricultu ral rights-of-way/fencerows/he dgerows, and nonagricultural uncultivated areas/soils and residential lawns



### 6.3 Drinking Water

A conservative Screening Imbibition Program (SIP v.1.0) was used to calculate an upper bound estimate of bird and mammal exposure to bent azon in drinking water. SIP employs the following conservative assumptions to derive upper bound exposure estimat es: 1) The chemical

30

### concentratio n in drinking water is at the solubility limit in water (at 25 o 

### C). 2) The assessed animals obtain 100% of their daily water needs th rough drinking water. 3) The daily water need is equivalent to the daily water flux rate as calculated by Nagy and Peterson (1988). 4) The body weight of the assessed bird is equivalent to the smallest generi c bird modeled in T-REX (i.e., 20 g). This assumption results in the highest ratio of exposure to toxicity for the 3 assessed avian body weights of T-REX (i.e., 20, 100, 1000 g). 5) The body weight of the assessed mammal is equivalent to the largest generic mammal modeled in T-REX (i.e., 1000 g). This results in the highest ratio of exposure to toxicity for the 3 assessed mammalian body weights of T-REX (i.e., 15, 35, 1000 g).

The screening by the SIP model indi cates potential acute and chroni c exposure concerns to birds through the consumption of bentazon-contaminat ed drinking water alone. Acute exposure through drinking water alone is not a potential concern for ma mmals, but the chronic exposure risk cannot be precluded due to insufficien t data. Model results are presented in Appendix H

.

6.4 Terrestrial Invertebrates

Only one invertebrate study was submitted with a non-definitive endpoint which indicates that bentazon is practically non-t oxic to honey bee (48 hr LD 50 

### > 100 μg /bee). This non-definitive endpoint cannot be used to calculate the RQ value. Bentazon is less likely to have adverse effect on honey bees based on comparison of this endpoi nt to the contact EECs (4.05 μg ai/bee), which is about 25 times less that the be e non-toxic value. However, due to the lack of other honey bee data, e.g.: adult oral toxicity data, larval acute data, chronic data for adult and larvae, no LOC values can be calculated for non-targ et terrestrial invertebrates, a nd therefore, the risk cannot be precluded.

6.5 Terrestrial and Semi-Aquatic Plants

Acute RQs for terrestrial and semi-aquatic non-l isted species inhabiting dry and semi-aquatic areas are derived by dividing the EEC by the EC 25 

### from seedling emergence and vegetative vigor toxicity tests. Acute RQs for listed terrest rial plant species are calculated by dividing the EEC by the NOAEC value. The input values for runoff fraction is 5% based on the bentazon solubility and for drift fraction is 5% for aerial spay and 1% for ground spray. A summary of the RQs for terrestrial plants is provided in Table 6.3 . The RQ value for non-listed monocot plants cannot be determined because the EC ndpoints. 25 

### value was not calculated in the seedling emergence toxicity test (MRID 42129607) and risk is not assu med because of the non-definitive e

For bentazon aerial and ground app lication at both 1.5 and 1 lb ai/A, LOCs for non-listed dicots and listed monocots and dicots in semi-aquatic areas are exceeded. For bentazon aerial application at 1.5 lb ai/A, LOCs for non-listed dico ts and listed monocots and dicots in dry land areas are exceeded. For aerial spray, LOCs are ex ceeded for dicot plants and not exceeded for monocot plants receiving resi dues through spray drift. For gr ound application, LOCs are not exceeded for all plant types receiving residue s through spray drift. The runoff fraction will contribute 50% and 90% LOC in dry and semi-a quatic area, respectively. The spray drift fraction will contribute 50% and 10% LOC in dry and semi-aquatic area, respectively ( Table

31

### 6.3 ). An example of input and output for the m a ximum application rate (bean) is shown in Appendix I.

Table 6.3. RQ values for plants in dry and semi -aquatic areas exposed to Bentazon through runoff and/or spray drift.* Dry 1 Semi-Aquatic 2 Spray Drift Plant Type Listed Status Aerial Ground Aerial Ground Aerial 3 Ground 4 Beans, dried-type beans, succ ulent beans, lima beans, dried-type peas, su cculent peas, silage co rn, unspecified corn, field corn, popcorn, sweet corn, peanuts, peppermint and spearmint, soybeans, and edible soybeans

1 application at 1.5 lbs ai/A
Monocot non-listed ND 5 ND ND ND 0.47 <0.1
Monocot listed 1.36 0.82 7.50 6.95 0.68 0.14

Dicot non-listed 1.15 0.69 6.35 5.88 1.63 0.33
Dicot listed 1.36 0.82 7.50 6.95 3.00 0.60 Alfalfa, clover grown for seed, rice, sorghum and silage sorghum, almond, apple, apricot, avocado, blackberry, blueberry, cherry, crabapple, date, fig, grapefruit, grapes, lemon, lime, macadamia nut (bushnut), nectarine, olive, orange, peach, pear, pecan, pistachio, plum, pomegranate, prune, raspberry (black, red), tangelo, tangerines, and walnut (English/black) Nursery stock, ornamental shade trees, ornamental herbaceous plants, ornamental lawns/turf, ornamentalnonflowering plants, ornamental woody shrubs/vines, ornamentals, nonagricultural rights-ofway/fencerows/hedgerows, and nonagricultural uncultivated areas/soils and residential lawns

1 application at 1 lbs ai/A
Monocot non-listed ND ND ND ND 0.31 <0.1
Monocot listed 0.91 0.55 5.00 4.64 0.45 <0.1

Dicot non-listed 0.77 0.46 4.23 3.92 1.09 0.22
Dicot listed 0.91 0.55 5.00 4.64 2.00 0.40

1 There are 50% contribution each to the RQ values fro m runoff fraction and spray drift fraction in dry area.
2 Runoff fraction contributes 90% and spray drift contri butes 10% to the RQ valu es in semi-aquatic area.
3 Modeled using 0.05% for aerial spray drift (fine to medium droplet size-EF ED default) without vegetative buffer
4 Modeled using 0.01% for ground spray drift (very fine to fine droplet size-EFED default) without vegetative buffer
5 Value is not determined because of non-definitive endpoints (MRID 42129607).

* If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulting in potential for risk to that plant group



### VII. Risk Characterization

This preliminary assessment of bentazon was used to provide a me tric of potential risks based on the RQ method, which is a comparison of e xposure estimates to toxicity endpoints ( i.e. , RQ = EEC/toxicity endpoint). The resultin g RQs are compared to the Agency’s risk levels of concern (LOC) criteria (Table 7.1), whic h are the Agency’s interpretive po licy such that when acute or chronic risk LOCs are exceeded, the need for regu latory action may be considered. These criteria are used to indicate when the use of a pesticide, as directed on the label, has the potential to cause adverse effects to non-target organisms. Finally, possible mitigations are discussed for each taxa.

32

### Table 7.1 the Agency’s levels of concern (LOC) criteria Risk Presumption Terrestrial Birds and Mammals (LOC) Aquatic Animals (LOC) Terrestrial and Aquatic Plants (LOC)
Acute 0.5 0.5 1 Acute Endangered Species 0.1 0.05 1
Chronic 1 1 N/A



### 7.1 Aquatic Organisms

Rice was the only use that produced exceedances of Agency LOCs based on EECs estimated by the Tier 1 Rice Model. The Tier 1 Rice Model is typically described as producing conservative (protective of human health or the environment) EECs. However, the conservatism is because it does not account for pesticide degradation with in the paddy after applic ation. Therefore, the conservatism refers to model estimates for ti me points farther from the time of pesticide application. Figure 2 compares measured aquatic field dissipation data (MRID 43431901) from four rice paddies in two states (Mississippi 4 

### and Louisiana 5 

### ) to the Tier 1 Rice Model EEC and the two concentrations at whic h the Agency has concerns for listed non-vascular and vascular plants. (These concern concentrations are the NOAEC (900 and 1530 μg/L for non-vascular and vascular plants, respectively) multiplied by the Ag ency LOC (1).) In plot 2 of each state, the first application was made on day 0, which wa s 1 day before the paddy was flooded, while the second application was made to the flooded pa ddy on day 14. In plot 3 of each state, both applications were to the flooded paddy on day 0 and day 14. [Plot 1 of each state (data not shown) was the control plot.]

MS Plot 2 (First applicat ion to dry soil; Second application to flooded plot) MS Plot 3 (Both applications to flooded plot)

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000

0 20 40 60 80 1TotalToxicResidueConc.(μg/L)

Days After First Application Tier 1 Rice Model EEC

Listed Non

‐ vascular Plant Concern

Listed Vascular Plant Concern

00 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

0 20 40 60 80 10TotalToxicResidueConc.(μg/L)

Days After First Application Tier 1 Rice Model EEC

Listed Non

‐ vascular Plant Concern

Listed Vascular Plant Concern

0

LA Plot 2 (First applicat ion to dry soil; Second application to flooded plot) LA Plot 3 (Both applications to flooded plot)

4 The Mississippi plots, consisting of clay soil (1.4-1.8% organic matter), were treated using a backpack sprayer with a spray volume of 19.8-21.6 gallons per acre (gpa). EFED calculated first-order dissipation half-lives for bentazon in water of 1.3 days for Mississippi plot 2 and 1.7 days for Mississippi plot 3.
5 The Louisiana plots, consisting of sandy loam soil (1.2-1.6% organic matter), were treated using a hand-held sprayer with a spray volume of 21.54-23.12 gpa. EFED calculated first-order dissipation half-lives for bentazon in water of 6.2 days for Louisiana plot 2, and 3.4 days for Louisiana plot 3.



### 330 500 1000 1500 2000 2500

0 20 40 60 80 10 0TotalToxicResidueConc.(μg/L)

Days After First Application Tier 1 Rice Model EEC

Listed Non

‐ vascular Plant Concern

Listed Vascular Plant Concern

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

0 20 40 60 80 10TotalToxicResidueConc.(μg/L)

Days After First Application Tier 1 Rice Model EEC Listed Non

‐ vascular Plant Concern

Listed Vascular Plant Concern

0

Figure 2. Comparison of aquatic field dissipation data from four rice paddies in two states (Mississippi and Louisiana) to the Tier 1 Rice Model EEC and the two co ncentrations at which the Agency has concerns for listed non-vascular and vascular plants. (Two applications were made to each plot on day 0 and 14.)



### As can be seen in Figure 2 , the measured paddy concentrations can often exceed the Tier 1 Rice Model EECs immediately after appli cation to flooded fields (day 0 in MS and LA Plot 3’s only and day 14 in all plots). This is probably due to the assumption in the Rice Model of a 0.1 meter (3.9 inches) paddy depth. This compares with th e deepest measured paddy depth in the aquatic field dissipation study on a da y that bentazon was applied in a flooded paddy application (3.04 inches on day 14 in LA Plot 2). The rice model produced a lower initial concentration because it is deeper than the paddies in the aquatic fiel d dissipation study (deep er water causes more dilution and therefore, a lower paddy concen tration). The other paddy depths of flooded application dates ranged from 1.17 to 1.46 in ches, which often pr oduced higher initial concentrations than pred icted by the Rice Model.

The total residue (bentazon and NMB, the only degradate found in the aquatic field dissipation study) concentrations drop quickly in most of the paddies with the highest concentration the day after flooded application o ccurring on day 1 (24 hrs. after app lication) of LA Plot 3 (2138 μg/L) and the highest concentration the second day after flooded app lication occurring on day 2 (48 hrs. after application) of LA Plot 3 (683 μg/L). This highest concentration on the second day after flooded application is lo wer than both the concentratio ns for which the Agency has concerns for listed non-vascular a nd vascular plants. If release of paddy water was restricted for 3 or 4 days after flooded application, the risk to non-target plants in habitats receiving the treated water would be reduced to below Agency LOCs.

It should be noted that EFED considered incorpor ating degradation into the Tier 1 Rice Model in order to estimate concentrations in rice paddies. Theoretically, a reasonable way to incorporate bentazon degradation into the tier 1 Rice Model would be to modify the rice model using the aerobic aquatic metabolism half-life estimate. Ho wever, bentazon did not degrade appreciably (t 1⁄2 

### = 848 days) in the aerobic aquatic me tabolism study (MRID 40470504). This half-life estimate clearly does not agree w ith the half-life estimate (<1 day) from of the aquatic field dissipation study (MRID 43431901). Po ssibly, the difference betw een the aerobic aquatic metabolism half-life and aquatic field dissipation ha lf-life is partly due to aqueous photolysis (aerobic aquatic metabolism studies are performed in the dark), but the photolysis products were not found in the aquatic field dissipation study.

34

### Alterna tively, the degradation ra te of the aquatic field dissip ation study could have been incorporated into the Tier 1 Rice Model, but the results would be similar to the analysis presented above. Because the aquatic field di ssipation study (MRID 43431901) was conducted in the major rice growing areas (Mississippi a nd Louisiana) outside of California (bentazon applications are not allowed in California), dire ct comparison of the concentrations of concern with the aquatic field dissipation data was consid ered to be the most di rect method of assessing risk.

7.2 Terrestrial Organisms

Birds and Mammals This assessment concurs with the previous Sect ion 3 registration assessment (USEPA 2005) that the RQs exceed the non-listed species LOC (0.5) for small birds (20g) feeding on short and tall grass, broadleaf plants and arthropods as well as mid-size bird (100g) feeding on short grass. Also, the chronic LOC (1) is exceeded for mammal s feeding on short and tall grasses, broadleaf plants and arthropods for all size classes of mammals (15-1000 g). However, based on the AgDrift model prediction that th ere are 50% and 90% residue reduction at 100ft and 300 ft extension beyond the treated fiel d, respectively. The estimated ri sk to birds and mammals may only be limited to the treated field. There are no risk concerns for those feeding on food adjacent to the treated field based on the magnit ude exceedance of RQs in treated field.

Drinking Water The SIP model indicates a potential acute and chronic risk concerns to birds and mammals through consumption of bentazon contaminated dri nking water. This screen ing is qualitative, is based on drinking water exposure alone, and is based on several conservative assumptions which add considerable uncertainty to this risk conclusion (see Appendix H ). Nonetheless, bentazon exposure through drinking water may contribute to a total aggregated expos ure that has potential effects on non-target animals.

Non-Target Terrestrial Invertebrates

Bentazon is practically non-t oxic to the honey bee (48 hr LD 50 

### > 100 μg /bee) through contact but is uncertain through ot her kinds of exposure ( i.e. , oral, larval or chroni c) due to the lack of data. The post-emergence application is most lik ely in early spring, and therefore, the exposure to honey bee pollination activities in later season is much less likely. However, there are data gap for honey bees which serve as the inverteb rate surrogate, the LOC values for other nontarget terrestrial inverteb rates cannot be estimated. The potential risk to terrestr ial invertebrates cannot be precluded due to the uncertainties.

Terrestrial Plants

The RQs for all uses exceeded the non-listed a nd listed terrestrial plan t species LOC (1). In analyzing the runoff and spray drift contribu tions to the LOC exceedance revealed runoff fraction contributes 50% in dry area and 90% in semi-aquatic area. The spray drift fraction

35

### contributes 50% and 10% LOC in dry and sem i-aquatic area, respectively. Table 6.3 shows that there are no RQs exceedance for monocot based on the spray drift only for both aerial and ground applications. It also shows aerial spray drift is of concer ns for dicot (RQ = 3). To reduce the risk to non-target plants, a buffer distance fr om the edge of the field may potentially be used for the risk mitigation. To assess the buffer distan ce needed, the distances from the edge of the field where risks from spray drif t extend were calculated for all single applications using the AgDRIFT model. This analysis was conducted fo r all aerial and ground sp ray applications. In addition, the monocot, even though it has no RQ exceedance from spray drift contribution only, is also modeled for the buffer distance comparison. The estimated buffer distance by the AgDRIFT model to reduce the pote ntial risk from spray drift e xposure extend from the edge of the field are provided in Table 7.2 . These conservative estimates were made using the EFED default droplet spectrum of very fine to fine (aerial and ground), high boom and 90 th 

### percentile (ground) since labels do not spec ify the droplet sizes. The data show that almost one thousand feet (>997 feet) buffer strip will be needed to re duce the bentazon risk to the most sensitive dicot species based it EC 25 

### values.

Table 7.2. Distances where risks extend for plants based on vegetative vigor. Buffer Distance from Edge of Field (ft)

Monocot Dicot Application

Method EC 25 (0.16) lbs ai/A NOAEC (0.125) lbs ai/A EC 25 (0.046) lbs ai/A NOAEC (0.025) lbs ai/A Beans, dried-type beans, succulent beans, lima beans, dried-type peas, succulent peas, silage corn, unspecified corn, field corn, popcor n, sweet corn, peanuts, peppermint and spearmint, soybeans, and edible soybeans

1 application at 1.5 lbs ai/A

Aerial 282 381 >997 >997

Ground 26 33 82 147 Alfalfa, clover grown for seed, rice, sorghum and silage sorghum, almond, ap ple, apricot, avocado, blackberry, blueberry, cherry, crab apple, date, fig, grapefruit, gr apes, lemon, lime, macadamia nut (bushnut), nectarine, olive, orange, peach, pear, peca n, pistachio, plum, pomegranate, prune, raspberry (black, red), tangelo, tangerines, and walnut (English/black) Nursery stock, ornamental shade trees, ornamental he rbaceous plants, ornamenta l lawns/turf, ornamentalnonflowering plants, ornamental woody shrubs/vines, ornamentals, nonagricultural rights-ofway/fencerows/hedgerows, and nonagricultural unc ultivated areas/soils and residential lawns

1 application at 1 lbs ai/A

Aerial 167 226 840 >997

Ground 20 23 56 102



### VIII. Risk to Listed Species

In November 2013, the EPA, along with the U. S. Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS), the

36

### National Ma rine Fisheries Service (NMFS) (collectively, the Servi ces), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) released a summary of th eir joint Interim Approaches for assessing risks to listed species from pesticides. The Interim Ap proaches were developed jointly by the agencies in response to the National Academy of Sc iences’ (NAS) recommendations and reflect a common approach to risk assessment shared by th e agencies as a way of addressing scientific differences between the EPA and the Services. The NAS report outlines recommendations on specif ic scientific and technical issues related to the development of pesticide risk assessments that EPA and the Services must conduct in connection with their obligations under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) and FIFRA.

The joint Interim Approaches were released prio r to a stakeholder workshop held on November 15, 2013. In addition, the EPA presented the join t Interim Approaches at the December 2013 Pesticide Program Dialogue Committee (PPDC) and State-FIFRA Issues Research and Evaluation Group (SFIREG) meetings , and held a stakeholder workshop in April 2014, allowing additional opportunities for stake holders to comment on the Interim Approaches. As part of a phased, iterative process for developing the Inter im Approaches, the agencies will also consider public comments on the Interim Approaches in connection with the development of upcoming Registration Review decisions. The details of the joint Interim A pproaches are contained in the white paper “Interim Approaches for National-Le vel Pesticide Endangered Species Act Assessm ents Based on the Recommendations of the National Academy of Sciences April 2013 Report,” dated November 1, 2013.

Given that the agencies are continuing to de velop and work toward implementation of the Interim Approaches to assess the potential risk s of pesticides to listed species and their designated critical habitat, this preliminary risk assessment for bentazon does not contain a complete ESA analysis that includes effects de terminations for specific listed species or designated critical habitat. Although EPA has not yet complete d effects determinations for specific species or habitats, for this prelim inary assessment EPA conducted a screening-level assessment for all taxa of non-ta rget wildlife and plants that assumes for the sake of the assessment that listed species and designated criti cal habitats may be present in the vicinity of bentazon applications. This screening level assessment will allow EPA to focus its future evaluations on the types of speci es where the potential for effect s exists once the scientific methods being developed by the agencies have b een fully vetted. This screening-level risk assessment for bentazon indicates potential risks of direct effects to listed mammals, birds, terrestrial and aquatic plants on al l of its registered use sites. Li sted species of fish, amphibians aquatic and terrestrial invertebrates may be a ffected through indirect effects because of the potential for direct effects on listed and non- listed plant species upon which they may rely. Potential indirect effects on listed mammals, birds, terrestrial and aquatic plants, terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates, amphibian and fish from the use of bentazon may be associated with modification of Primary Constituent Elements (PCEs) of designated critical habitats, where such designations have been made. Once the agencies have fully developed and implemented the scientific methods necessary to complete risk assessments for e ndangered and threatened (listed) species and their designated crit ical habitats, these methods will be applied to subsequent analyses for bentazon as part of co mpleting this registration review.

37

### 38

I X

. Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program

As required by FIFRA and FFDCA, EPA reviews numerous studies to assess potential adverse outcomes from exposure to chemicals. Collectively, these studies include acute, subchronic and chronic toxicity, including assessments of carcinogenicity, neu rotoxicity, developmental, reproductive, and general or systemic toxicity. These studies include endpoints which may be susceptible to endocrine influence, including effects on endocrine target organ histopathology, organ weights, estrus cyclicity, sexual maturation, fertility, pregnancy rates, reproductive loss, and sex ratios in offspring. For ecological hazard assessments, EPA evaluates acute tests and chronic studies that assess growth, developmental and reproductive effects in different taxonomic group s. As part of registration review of bentazon

, EPA reviewed these data and selected the most sensitive endpoints for relevant risk assessment scenarios from the existing hazard database. However, as required by FFDCA section 408(p), bentazon is subject to the endocrine screening part of the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP)

. EPA has developed the EDSP to determine whether certain substances (including pesticide active and other ingredients) may have an effect in humans or wildlife similar t o an effect produced by a “naturally occurring estrogen, or other such endocrine effects as the Administrator may designate.” The EDSP employs a two

- tiered approach to making the statutorily required determinations. Tier 1 consists of a battery of 11 scree ning assays to identify the potential of a chemical substance to interact with the estrogen, androgen, or thyroid (E, A, or T) hormonal systems. Chemicals that go through Tier 1 screening and are found to have the potential to interact with E, A, or T horm onal systems will proceed to the next stage of the EDSP where EPA will determine which, if any, of the Tier 2 tests are necessary based on the available data. Tier 2 testing is designed to identify any adverse endocrine

- related effects caused by the substa nce, and establish a dose

- response relationship between the dose and the E, A, or T effect.

Under FFDCA section 408(p), the Agency must screen all pesticide chemicals. Between October 2009 and February 2010, EPA issued test orders/data call

- ins for the f irst group of 67 chemicals, which contains 58 pesticide active ingredients and 9 inert ingredients. A final second list of chemicals identified for EDSP screening was published on June 26 , 201 4, http://www.epa.gov/endo/pubs/finalsecondlistofchemicalsfortier1screening.pdf

, and includes some pesticides scheduled for registration review and chemicals found in water

. Neither of these lists should be construed as a list of known or likely endocrine disruptors.

Bentazon is not on the first or second li st chemicals for which EPA intends to issue test orders/data call

- ins in the near future. For further information on the status of the EDSP, the policies and procedures, th e lists of chemicals, future lists, the test guidelines and the Tier 1 screening battery, please visit the website

, http://www.epa.gov/endo/

.

X. Uncertainties

Label

- specified Application Characteristics The curre nt labels do not fully specify the application rates, number of applications, and minimum retreatment intervals. In this document, the Agency assessed what is believed to be the

### intended application rates, num ber of applications, and m ini mum retreatment intervals as indicated in Table 2.1 . It is the part of the purpose of Re gistration Review to potentially adjust application rates, number of applications, and mi nimum retreatment intervals based in part on the risks identified in the risk assessment. If the fi nal application rates and number of applications are higher than in Table 2.1 , and/or minimum retreatment interval s are shorter, then risk may be under-estimated in this document.

Photodegradates 12 and 13 It is an uncertainty whether the dimer photodegradat es are actually formed in the field or simply reflect an artifact generated in a single la boratory study from 1974. The lack of the dimer photodegradates in subsequent aquatic photolysis (1994) and a quatic field dissipation (1992) studies tends to support the labo ratory artifact explanation.

XI. References

Hourmant, A., Amara, A., Pouline, P., Durand, G., Arzul, G., and Quiniou, F. 2009. Effect of bentazon on growth and physiologica l responses of marine diatom: Chaetoceros gracilis

. Toxicol. Mech. Methods 19: 109-115.

Maenpaa, K. A., Sormunen, A. J., and Kukkonen, J. V. K. 2003. Bioaccumulation and toxicity of sediment associated herbicides (ioxy nil, pendimethalin, and bentazon) in Lumbriculus variegatus (Oligochaeta) and Chironomus riparius (Insecta). Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 56: 398-410.

Stachowski-Haberkorn, S., Quiniou, F., Nedelec, M., Robert, R., Li mon, G., and De la Broise, D. 2008. In-situ microcosms, a tool for assessm ent of pesticide impacts on oyster spat ( Crassostrea gigas ). Ecotoxicology 17: 235-245.

USEPA. 1994a. Reregistration Eligibility D ecision (RED), Bentazon. US Environmental Protection Agency. EPA 738-R-94-029. September, 1994. http://www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/REDs/0182.pdf

USEPA. 1994b. Refinement and Explanation of Risk Assessmentfor Endangered Mammals and Birds, Amendment of Sodium Bentazon Re registration Science Chapter. Memorandum from Anthony Maciorowski to Evert Byington, May 12, 1994.

USEPA. 1999. Tier 1 Drinking Water A ssessment for Bentazon. DP Barcode 255927. Memorandum from James A. Hetrick to Joanne Miller. September 20, 1999.

USEPA. 2005. Ecological Risk Assessment for th e IR-4 Use of the Herbicide, Bentazon. DP Barcode 314025. Memorandum from Kevin Co stello, Holly Galavotti, and Norm Birchfield to Shaja Brothers. October 28, 2005.

USEPA. 2009a. ECOTOXicology Da tabase. Office of Research and Development National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory’s (NHEERL’s) Mid-Continent Ecology Division (MED). http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/

39

### USEPA. 2009b. Ecological Inci dent Inform ation System. http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/general/databasesdescription.htm#eiis

USEPA. 2009c. Guidance for Selecting Input Para meters in Modeling th e Environmental Fate and Transport of Pesticides, Version 2.1. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC. ( http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/w ater/input_param eter_guidance.htm )

USEPA. 2010. Registration Review -Preliminary Problem Formula tion for Ecological Risk and Environmental Fate, Endangered Species a nd Drinking Water Assessments for Sodium Bentazon. DP 369706, 373423. Office of Pesticide Programs, US Environmental Protection Agency. 49 pp

USEPA. 2014a. Guidance for Assessing Pesticid e Risks to Bees. Environmental Fate and Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs. 59 pp

USEPA. 2014b. Revised NOAEL and LOAEL decisions for Bentazon developmental rat and chronic dog study data evaluation records. Health Effects Division, Office of Pesticide Programs. 

### D422967. 6 pp.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). 1998. Endangered Species Consultation Handbook: Pr ocedures for Conducting Consultation and Conference Activities Under Section 7 of the Endangered Species Act. Final Draft. March 1998.

40

### XI Appendix

Appendix A. Submitted MRID Bibliography

Toxicity Studies

71-1 Avian Single Dose Oral Toxicity

MRID Citation Reference

41077 Shillam, K.S.G.; Medd, R.K.; Roberts, N.L. (1 971) Acute Toxicity to the Japanese Quail: Report No. 4328/71/484. (Unpublished study received Sep 2, 1972 under 7969-EX-2; prepared by Huntingdon Re- search Cent er, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:095003-C)

41804 Medd, R.K.; Roberts, N.L. (1972) Determination of LD50 in the Mallard Duck for BAS 3510 H: Report No. 5161/72/596. (Unpub- lished study received Sep 2, 1972 under 7969- EX-2; prepared by Huntingdon Research Ce nter, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:095003-D)

161296 Munk, R. (1986) Avian Single-dose Oral LD50 of ... Bentazon to the Bobwhite Quail: Test Rept.: Project No. 11W0005/8369. Unpub- lished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 39 p.
Zok, S. 2013. BAS 351 H (Bentazon)-Acute Toxicity in the Zebra Finch ( Taeniopygia guttata ) After Single Oral Administration (LD 50 ). Unpublished study performed and sponsored by BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, Ludwigshafen, Germany. Laboratory Study No. 15W0538/02W002. 4 9141203

71 -2 Avian Dietary Toxicity

MRID Citation Reference

108850 Fink, R.; Beavers, J. (1977) Final Repor t: Eight-day Dietary LC50-- Mallard Duck: ?Bentazon Technical|: Project No. 147-105. (U n- published study received May 13, 1977 under 7969-45; prepared by Wildlife International Ltd., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemi- cal Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:096125-A)

108851 Fink, R.; Beavers, J. (1977) Final Report: Eight-day Dietary LC50-- Bobwhite Quail: ?Bentazon Technical|: Project No. 147-106. (U n- published study received May 13, 1977 under 7969-45; prepared by Wildlife International Ltd., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemical Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:096126-A)

161297 Munk, R. (1986) Avian Dietary LC50 Test of ... Bentazon to the Bob- white Quail (Colinus virginianus): Test Rept.: Project No. 31W0005/8370. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesell- schaft. 31 p.

164084 Munk, R. (1986) Avian Dietary LC50 Test of Bentazon ... in the Mallard Duck: Project No. 32W0005/8373. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Dept. of Toxicology. 29 p.



### 41161298 Munk, R. (1986) Protocol for the Study of the Subacute Toxicity of ... Bentazon in Chicks of the Mallard Duck (Anas platyrhynchos) after Administration in the Diet: Project No. 32W0005/8373. Un- published study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 11 p.

71-4 Avian Reproduction

MRID Citation Reference

124702 Gilman, M.; Sweitzer, T. (1972) Reproductive Study of BAS 351-H in Mallard Ducks: Laboratory No. E-5106. (Unpublished study re- ceived Jan 30, 1974 under 4G1463; prepared by Cannon Laborato- ries, Inc., s ubmitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemical Corp., Par- sippany, NJ; CDL:094926-H)

42617501 Munk, R. (1992) One Generation Reproduction Study with Reg. No. 51 929 (Bentazon) on the Bobwhite Quail (Colinus virginianius) by Administration in the Diet: Lab Project Number: 92/11634: 91/243: 71W0243/91053. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengeselschaft. 314 p.

42651201 Pedersen, C.; Lesar, C. (1992) Toxicity and Reproduction Study in Mallard Ducks (Bentazon): Lab Project Number: 92/11551: 110-004-08: 72W0243/919006. Unpublished study prepared by Bio-Life Associates, Ltd. 668 p.

43186001 Pedersen, C.; Lesar, C. (1994) Toxicity and Reproduction Study in Mallard Ducks: Bentazon: Revised Study: Lab Project Number: 110-004-08: 72W0243/919006: 93/5081. Unpublished study prepared by Bio-Life Associates, Ltd. 782 p.

44227402 Gallagher, S.; Martin, K.; Beavers, J.; et al . (1997) Bentazon: A Definitive Reproduction Study with the Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus): Lab Project Number: 147-171: 96038: 97/5007. Unpublished study prepared by Wildlife International Ltd. 247 p.

44337801 Gallagher, S.; Martin, K.; Beavers, J.; et al . (1997) Bentazon: A Definitive Reproduction Study with the Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos): (Final Report): Lab Project Number: 147- 172: 96078: 97/5306. Unpublished study prepared by Wildlife International Ltd. 254 p.

72-1 Acute Toxicity to Freshwater Fish

MRID Citation Reference

91071 Gilman, M.R.; Sweitzer, T.L. (1972) The Toxic Effects of Experi- mental Herbicide BAS 3517-H in Bluegill Sunfish and Rainbow Trout: Laboratory No. E-5619; Rept PR 8. (Unpublished study received Sep 2, 1972 under 3G1309; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:092223-M)

124703 or 00041076? Gilman, M.; Krize, J. (1973) The Acute Toxi c Effects of 2-Amino-N- isopropyl Benzamide on Bluegill Sunfish and Rainbow Trout: Lab- oratory No. E-8111. (Unpublished study received Jan 30, 1974 under 4G1463; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemical Corp., Parisppany, NJ; CDL:094926-J)



### 42161299 Munk, R. (1986) Report on the Study of the Acute Toxicity [on Blue- gill]: Bentazon: Project No. 14F0005/83. Unpublished study pre- pared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 18 p.

161300 Munk, R. (1986) Report on the Study of the Acute Toxicity [on Blue- gill]: Basagran: Project No. 14F516/85. Unpublished study pre- pared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 18 p.

161301 Munk, R. (1986) Report on the Study of the Acute Toxicity [on Rain- bow Trout]: Bentazon: Project No. 12F0005/83. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 18 p.

161302 Munk, R. (1986) Report on the Study of the Acute Toxicity [on Rain- bow Trout]: Basagran: Project No. 12F516/85. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 18 p.

40432803 Munk, R. (1987) Report on the Study of the Acute Toxicity of BAS 351 H (Basagran) in the Animal Species Rainbow Trout: 87/0427. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Analytical Laboratory. 22 p.

83348 Krize, J.; Gilman, M.R. (1973) The Acute Toxic Effects of 2-Amino- ?~N~?-isopropyl Benzamide on Bluegill Sunfish and Rainbow Trout: Laboratory No. E-8111. (Unpublished study received Jan 28, 1974 under 4G1463; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:093899-L)

91070 or Gilman, M.R.; Sweitzer, T.L. (1972) The Toxic Effects of Experi- mental Herbicide BAS 351-H on Bluegill Sunfish and Rainbow Trout: Laboratory No. E-5337; Rept PR 7.(Unpublished study re- ceived Sep 2, 1972 under 3G1309; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:092223-L) 41075

40450001 Munk, R. (1987) Report on the Study of the Acute Toxicity of Reg. No. 51 929 (Bentazon Tech. Active Ingredient) in the Animal Sp e- cies Rainbow Trou t: Reg. Doc. #BASF 87/0428. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 22 p.

41922801 Nelsen, T. (1987) Response to EPA review of a Study Entitled Report on the Acute Toxicity of Bentazon in the Animal Species, Rain bow Trout: Lab Project Number: 91/5098. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 13 p.

41922802 Nelson, T. (1987) Response to EPA Revi ew of a Study Entitled Report on the Acute Toxicity of Basagran in the Animal Species, Rainbow Trout: Lab Project Number: 91/5137. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 14 p.

42003001 Nelsen, T. (1987) Response to EPA Revi ew of a Study Entitled "Report on the Acute Toxicity of Reg. No. 51 929 (Bentazon Techn. Active Ingredient) in the Animal Species, Rainbow Trout", MRID No. 40450001: Lab Project Number: 91/5098. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Ag., Dept. of Tox. 13 p.

42003002 Nelsen, T. (1987) Response to EPA Revi ew of a Study Entitled "Report on the Acute Toxicity of BAS 351 32 H (Basagran) in th e Animal Species, Rain bow Trout", MRID No. 40432803: Lab Project No: 91/5137. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Ag., Dept. of Tox. 14 p.

48970704 Salinas, E. 2011. Reg. No. 88691 (Bentazone-sodium, BAS 351 H-Na) - Acute Toxicity Study in the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas). Unpublished study performed by Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany. Laboratory report number: 19F0373/10E111. Study sponsored by BASF Corporation, Agricultural Products Division, Research Triangle Park, NC. Study initiated March 18, 2011 and completed October 4, 2011.

850.1400 Freshwater Fish Early Life Cycle



### 4348970706 Salinas, E. 2011. Reg. No. 88691 (Bentazone-sodium, BAS 351 H-Na) - Early Life-Stage Toxicity Test on the Fathead Minnow ( Pimephales promelas ) in a Flow Through System. Unpublished study performed by Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany. Laboratory Project No. 50F0373/10E109. Study sponsored by BASF Corporation, Agricultural Products Divi sion, Research Triangle Park, NC. Study initiated June 17, 2011 and completed December 19, 2011

72-2 Acute Toxicity to Freshwater Invertebrates

MRID Citation Reference

106240 Kuc, W. (1977) Acute Toxicity of Bentazon BAS 351 to the Water Flea Daphnia magna Straus: ES Proj. #11506-A17-0 1D; BWC Project I-3- G-105. (Unpublished study received May 13, 1977 under 7969-45; prepared by Union Carbide Corp., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemical Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:096127-A)

124700 Booth, G.; Rhees, R. (1973) Determination of Bentazon Residues in Suspended Soil Sediment, Bottom Soil Sediment, and Water; Deter- mination of the Release of Bound Bentazon Residues in Water; Toxicity of Bentazon to Marine and Freshwater Organisms. (Un- published study received Jan 30, 1974 under 4G1463; pr epared by Brigham Young Univ., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemi cal Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:094926-C)

161303 Bias (1986) Determination of the Acute To xicity of Bentazon ... to the Waterflea Daphnia magna Straus: Rept.: 1/0007/2/86-369/85. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 16 p.

161304 Bias (1986) Determination of the Acute Toxicity of Basagran BAS 351 32 H to the Waterflea Daphnia magna Straus: Report 1/0008/2/86- 390/85. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 16 p.

72-3 Estuarine Organism Acute Toxicity

83342 Booth, G.M.; Rhees, R.W. (19??) Toxicity of Bentazon to Marine and Freshwater Organisms. (Unpublished study received Jan 28, 1974 under 4G1463; prepared by Brigham Young Univ., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:093899-E)

163833 Dionne, E. (1986) Acute Toxicity of Bentazon (TGAI) to Embryos - Larvae of the Quahog: BW-86- 9-2155. Unpublished study prepared by Springborn Bionomics, Inc. 17 p.

42129601 Graves, W.; Smith, G. (1991) Bentazon: A 96-Hour Flow-through Acute Toxicity Test with the Sheepshead Minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) : Lab Project Number: 147A-102. Unpublished study prepared by Wildlife International Ltd. 46 p.

42129602 Graves, W.; Smith, G. (1991) Bentazon: A 96-Hour Flow-through Acute Toxicity Test with the Saltwater Mysid (Mysidopsis bahia): Lab Project Number: 147-103: ER91050: E91075. Unpublished study prepared by Wildlife International Ltd. 46 p.

42293501 Graves, W.; Smith, G. (1992) Bentazon: A 96-H our Shell Deposition Test with the Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica): Lab Project Number: 147A-101: E91076: ER91048. Unpublished study prepared by Wildlife International Ltd. 52 p.

72-4 Fish Early Life Stage/Aquatic Invertebra te Life Cycle Study



### 44MRID Citation Reference

41075 Gilman, M.R.; Sweitzer, T.L. ( 1972) Report: The Toxic Effects of Experimental Herbicide BAS 351-H on Bluegill Sunfish and Rain bow Trout: Laboratory No. E-5337. (Unpublished study received Sep 2, 1972 under 7069-EX-2; prep ared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 095003- A) Probably the technical

41076 Gilman, M.R.; Sweitzer, T.L. ( 1972) Report: The Toxic Effects of Experimental Herbicide BAS 3517-H in Bluegill Sunfish and Rain- bow Trout: Laboratory No. E-5619. (Unpublished study received Sep 2, 1972 under 7969-2; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 095003-B)

48970705 Horn, C. 2012. Chronic Toxicity of Bentazone-Na (Reg. No. 88691) to Daphnia Magna Straus in a 21 Day Semi-static Test. Unpublished study performed by BASF SE, Crop Protection, Ecology and Environmental Analytics, Limburgerhof, Germany. Laboratory Study No. 389794. Study sponsored by BASF Corporation, Agricultural Products ivision, Research Triangle Park, NC. Study initiated Febr uary 7, 2012 and completed June 6, 2012

123-1 Seed germination/seedling emergence and vegi tative vigor

MRID Citation Reference

42129606 Canez, V. (1991) Tier 2 Vegetative Vigor Nontarget Phytotoxicity Study Using Bentazon (BAS 351H-Tech. a.i.): Lab Project Number: BL91-445: 91/5196: ER91052. Unpublished study prepared by Pan- Agricultural Labs., Inc. 155 p.

42129607 Chetram, R. (1991) Tier 2 Seed Germination/Seedling Emergence Non- target Phytotoxicity Study Using Bentazon (BAS 351H-Tech. a.i.): Lab Project Number: BL91-444: 91/5197: ER91051. Unpublished study prepared by Pan-Agricultural Labs., Inc. 163 p.

122-2 Aquatic plant growth

MRID Citation Reference

43199801 Siebel-Sauer, D. (1989) Effects of Laddok on the Growth of the Green Alga Ankistrodesmus bibraianus: Lab Project Number: 01/88/0567: 94/10137. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 6 p.

42129603 Hughes, J.; Alexander, M. (1991) The Toxicity of Bentazon (BAS 351 H Tech. a.i.) to Selenastrum capricornutum: Lab Project Number: B445-11-1: E9088: ER91043. Unpublished study prepared by Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. 33 p.

42129604 Hughes, J.; Alexander, M. (1991) The Toxicity of Bentazon (BAS 351 H Tech. a.i.) to Anabaena flos-aquae: Lab Project Number: B445- 11-2: E9090: ER91046. Unpublished study prepared by Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. 34 p.

42129605 Hughes, J.; Alexander, M. (1991) The Toxicity of Bentazon (BAS 351 H Tech. a.i.) to Lemna gibba G3: Lab Project Number: B445-11-5: E9092: ER91042. Unpublished study prepared by Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. 32 p.



### 4542129608 Hughes, J.; Alexander, M. (1991) The Toxicity of Bentazon (BAS 351 H Tech. a.i.) to Navicula pelliculosa: Lab Project No: B445-11- 3: E9089: ER91045. Unpublished study prepared by Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. 32 p.

42129609 Hughes, J.; Alexander, M. (1991) The Toxicity of Bentazon (BAS 351 H Tech. a.i.) to Skeletonema costatum: Lab Project Number : B445- 11-4: E9091: ER91047. Unpublished study prepared by Malcolm Pirnie, Inc. 33 p.

48970703 Hoffman, F. 2012. Effect of Bentazon-Na (Reg. No. 88691) on Growth of the Freshwater Diatom Navicula pelliculosa . Study performed by BASF SE, Crop Protection, Ecology and Environmental Analytics, Limburgerhof, Germany. Study number 389798. Study sponsored by BASF Corporation. Study initiated June 26, 2012 and completed 06 September 2012

141-1 Honey bee acute contact

MRID Citation Reference

161305 Atkins, E. (1986) Bentazon- Bee Adult Toxicity Dusting Tests. Un- published study prepared by University of California-Riverside, Dept. of Entomology. 10 p.

108283 BASF Wyandotte Corp. (1973) The Toxicity of Basagran to Bees. (Translation; unpublished study received Jul 12, 1976 u nder 6F1828; CDL:096044-B)

48970707 Stark, R.; Greeters S.; Becker M

. (2012) BAS351 H (Bentazone)- Acute Oral Neurotoxicity Study in Wistar Rats -Administration by Gavage. BASF SE, Ludwigshafen, Germany, September 27, 2012.



### Fate Studies

161-1 Hydrolysis

MRID Citation Reference

41079 Drescher, N. (1972) The Effect of pH on the Rate of Hydrolysis of Bentazon (BAS 351-H) in Water: Laboratory Report No. 1107. (T ranslation; unpublished study received Sep 2, 1972 under 7969- EX-2; prepared by Badisc he Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik, AG; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:095003-F)

83339 Drescher, N. (1973) Influence of pH on the Hydrolysis of the Bentazon Metabolite, 2- Amino-?~N~?-isopropyl Benzamide (AIBA), in Wa- ter: Lab. Report No. 1136. (Unpublished study received Jan 28, 1974 un der 4G1463; prepared by BASF AG, West Germany, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:093899-B)

124700 Booth, G.; Rhees, R. (1973) Determination of Bentazon Residues in Suspended Soil Sediment, Bottom Soil Sediment, and Water; Deter- mination of the Release of Bound Bentazon Residues in Water; Toxicity of Bentazon to Marine and Freshwater Organisms. (Un- published study received Jan 30, 1974 under 4G1463; pr epared by Brigham Young Univ., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemi cal Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:094926-C)

161293 Eswein, R.; Panek, E. (1986) Hydrolysis of Bentazon in pH 5,7, and 9 Solutions at 25[Degrees]C: Rept. No. M-861. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp. 19 p.



### 46161-2 Photodegradation-water

MRID Citation Reference

40785 Nilles, G.P.; Zabik, M.J. (1974) Photoc hemistry of Bioactive Com- pounds: Multiphase Photodegredation and Mass Spectral Analysis of Basagran. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by Michigan State Univ., Pesticide Research Center and Depts. of Entomology and Chemistry, submit ted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094138-C)

91075 BASF Wyandotte Corporation (1972) Influen ce of Sunlight and PH on the Stability of Bentazon in Aqueous Solutions: Report PR 11 . (Compilation; unpublished study received Sep 2, 1972 under 3G1309; CDL:092223-Q)

161294 Eswein, R.; Panek, E. (1986) Photolysis of Bentazon in pH 5, 7, and 9 Aqueous Solutions at 25 C [Degrees]: Rept. No. M-862. Unpub- lished study prepared by BASF Corp. 43 p.

41432401 Ellenson, J. (1989) Isolation and Identification of the Major Aque- ous Photolysis Product of Bentazon: Final Report: Lab Project Nos. M8909: 89/5139. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp. in association with Duke Univ ersity, Research Triangle Institute, Galbraith Laboratories and BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 90 p.

41448001 Patel, J. (1988) Carbon 14-Bentazon (BAS 351 H) Aqueous Photolysis at pH 7: Lab Project Number: 88-5122. Unpublished study pre- pared by BASF Corp. 59 p.

43431904 Roscigno, N. (1994) Analysis of the Major Aqueous Photolysis Product of Bentazon, `Peak B,' in Rice Paddy Water: Lab Project Number: 93172: A9410: 94/5076. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp.; Jensen Ag. Consulta nts, Inc.; and Stoneville, Associates, Inc. 65
p.

43646201 Goetz, A. (1995) Response to Reviews of Bentazon Studies Submitted to Satisfy EPA Guideline No. 161-2: Photodegradation in Water: Lab Project Number: 95/5035. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp. 20 p.

161-3 Photodegradation-soil

MRID Citation Reference

40785 Nilles, G.P.; Zabik, M.J. (1974) Photoc hemistry of Bioactive Com- pounds: Multiphase Photodegredation and Mass Spectral Analysis of Basagran. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by Michigan State Univ., Pesticide Research Center and Depts. of Entomology and Chemistry, submit ted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094138-C)

67245 Hascoet, M. (1978) Degradation of Par aclox in Aquatic Medium: III. Identification of Metabolites. (Unpublished study received Aug 7, 1980 under 5086-11; submitted by Roussel Corp., New York, N.Y.; CDL:243042-B)

67246 Roussel Corporation (1968?) Degradation of Paraclox. (Unp ublished study received Aug 7, 1980 under 5086-11; CDL:243042-C)

124700 Booth, G.; Rhees, R. (1973) Determination of Bentazon Residues in Suspended Soil Sediment, Bottom Soil Sediment, and Water; Deter- mination of the Release of Bound Bentazon Residues in Water; Toxicity of Bentazon to Marine and Freshwater Organisms.



### 47(Un- published study received Jan 30, 1974 under 4G1463; pr epared by Brigham Young Univ., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemi cal Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:094926-C)

161295 Wood, N. (1986) Photolysis of Bentazon on Soil: Rept. No. M-863. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp. 20 p.

162-1 Aerobic soil metabolism

MRID Citation Reference

40202 BASF Wyandotte Corporation (1973) Metabolism of Bentazon in Soil. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 unde r 5F1529; CDL: 094131-B)

40203 Drescher, N.; Otto, S. (1972 ) Studies on the Degradation of Benta- zon (Bas 351-H) in Soil: Report No. 1112. (Un published study received Jul 1, 19 74 under 5F1529; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094131-C)

40204 Drescher, N.; Otto, S. (1973) Degradation of Bentazon (Bas 351-H) in Soil: Report No. 1140. 2nd rept. (Translation; unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094131-D)

40205 Otto, S.; Pommer, E.H.; Hamm, R.; et al. (1974) Investigations on the Possible Hydroxylation of Bentazon by Soil-Microorganisms: Report No. 1210. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F 1529; prepared by BASF, AG, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094131-E)

40206 Otto, S.; Beutel, P. (1974) The Degradation of Bentazon in Soil: The Behavior of 6- and 8- Hydroxy Bentazon in Soil: Report No. 1198. 5th rept. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by BASF, AG, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094131-F)

40208 Drescher, N.; Otto, S. (1973) Degradation of Bentazon (Bas 351-H) in Soil (3rd Report): Report No. 1149. (Translation; unpub- lished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by BASF, AG, submitted by BA SF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094131-H)

40209 Drescher, N.; Otto, S. (1 973) Metabolism of Bentazon in Soil (4th Report): Report No. 1168. (Translation; unpublished study re- ceived Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by BASF, AG, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094131-I)

40210 Otto, S. (1974) Gel-Filtration of Alkali Soluble Humic Acids from Bruchfeld Soil after Metabolism of 14C Bentazon: Report No. 1197 . (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by BASF, AG, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsip- pany, N.J.; CDL:094131-J)

40792 Rieck, C.E.; Wright, T.H.; Maksymowicz; et al. (1972) Soil metabo- lism of Bentazon. Proceedings, North Central Weed Cont rol Con- ference 22:50. (Abstract; also~In~unpublished submission re- ceived Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094138-J)

67245 Hascoet, M. (1978) Degradation of Par aclox in Aquatic Medium: III. Identification of Metabolites. (Unpublished study received Aug 7, 1980 under 5086-11; submitted by Roussel Corp., New York, N.Y.; CDL:243042-B)

67246 Roussel Corporation (1968?) Degradation of Paraclox. (Unp ublished study received Aug 7, 1980 under 5086-11; CDL:243042-C)



### 4840470502 Keller, E. (1987) The Aerobic Soil Metabolism of BAS 351H (Bentazon): Registration Document # BASF: 87/0415. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Station. 64 p.

162-3 Anaerobic aquatic metab.

MRID Citation Reference

40207 Booth, G.M. (1974) Metabolism of Bentazon in Suspended and Bottom Sediment. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by Brigham Young Univ., Dept. of Zoology, submitted by BASF Wyando tte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094131-G)

83340 or 124700 Booth, G.M.; Rhees, R.W. (1973) Determination of Bentazon in Sus- pended Soil Sediment, Bottom Soil Sediment, and Water. (Unpub- lished study, includi ng published data, received Jan 28, 1974 under 4G1463; prepared by Brigham Young Univ., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:093899-C)

83341 Booth, G.M.; Rhees, R.W. (19??) Determination of the Release of Bound 351 Residues in Water. (Unpublished study received Jan 28, 1974 under 4G1463; prepared by Brigham Young Univ., submit- ted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:093899-D)

106257 Willard, J.; Clark, J; Louis, C. (1977) Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism of 14C-Bentazon in Rice Water: Report J1. (Unpublished study receive d Sep 29, 1977 under 7969-45; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemical Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:231927-A)

40470503 Gerhardt, R.; Hamm, R. (1987) The Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism of Bentazon (BAS 351 H): Registration Document # BASF 87/0416. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Station. 33 p.

162-4 Aerobic aquatic metab.

MRID Citation Reference

40470504 Gerhardt, R.; Hamm, R. (1987) The Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism of Bentazon (BAS 351 H): Registration Document # BASF: 87/0417. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Sta- tion. 50 p.

124700 Booth, G.; Rhees, R. (1973) Determination of Bentazon Residues in Suspended Soil Sediment, Bottom Soil Sediment, and Water; Deter- mination of the Release of Bound Bentazon Residues in Water; Toxicity of Bentazon to Marine and Freshwater Organisms. (Un- published study received Jan 30, 1974 under 4G1463; pr epared by Brigham Young Univ., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chem ical Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:094926-C)

163-1 Leach/adsorption/desorption

MRID Citation Reference

40211 Booth, G.M.; Rhees, R.W. (1974) Determination of the Release of Bound 351 Residues from Soil into Water. (Unpublished study re- ceived Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared byBrigham Young Univ., Dept. of Zoology, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Par

### 49sippany, N.J.; CDL:094131-K)

40786 Drescher, N. (1973) Leaching of Bentazon in Soil: Laboratory Re- po rt No. 1138. 2nd rept. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1 529; prepared by BASF, AG, submitted by BASF Wy- andotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094138-D)

40787 Drescher, N. (1972) A Comparison between the Leaching of Bentazon and 2,4-D through a Soil in a Model Experiment: Laboratory Re- po rt No. 679. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by BASF, AG,submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094138-E)

40788 Drescher, N. (1972) Leaching of 2-Amino- N-isopropyl benzamide (AIBA) from the Soil: Laboratory Report No. 682. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by BASF, AG, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 094138-F)

41081 Drescher, N.; Otto, S. (1972) Penetratio n and Leaching of Bentazon in Soil: Laboratory Report No. 1099. (Translation; unpublished st udy received Sep 2, 1 972 under 7969-EX-2; prepared by BASF, AG, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 095003-I)

41082 Devine, J.M. (1972) Determination of BAS 351-H (3-Isopropyl -1H-2, 1,3-benzothiadiazin4(3H)-one-2,2-diox ide) Residues in Leachate & Soil Levels from Model Leaching Plots: Report No. 128. (Un- published study received Sep 2, 1972 under 7969-EX-2; prepared by State University College, Lake Ontario En vironmental Labora- tory, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 095003-J)

51659 Otto, S.; Drescher, N. (1972) Studies on the Degradation of Ben- tazon (BAS 351-H) in Soil: Laboratory Report No. 11 12. (Trans- lation; unpublished study received Sep 2, 1972 under 7969-EX-2; prepared by BASF, AG, Germany, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:095005-H)

67244 Green, C.D.; Horton, W.E. (1979) Dissipation of Mefluidide/Bentazon Combination from Sandy Loam and Loam Soils: Report No. 77 9. (Unpublished study received Oct 22, 1980 under 7182-9; prepared in cooperation with BASF Wyandotte Corp., submitted by 3M Co., St. Paul, Minn.; CDL:243522-C)

83343 Abernathy, J.R.; Wax, L.M. (1973) Bent azon mobility and adsorption in twelve Illinois soils. Weed Science 21(3):224 -227. (Also ?~In~unpublished submission received Jan 28, 1974 under 4G1463; submitted by BASF Wyando tte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 093899- F)

91078 or 41081 Drescher, N.; Otto, S. (1972) Penetration an d Leaching of Bentazon in Soil: Laboratory Report 1099; Rept PR 13. (T ranslation; un- published stu dy received Sep 2, 1972 under 3G1309; prepared by BASF AG, West Germany, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Par- sippany, N.J.; CDL:092223-T)

91079 or Devine, J.M. (1972) Determination of BAS 351-H ?3-Isopropyl-1H- 2,1,3-benzothiadiazin4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxid e| Residues in Leach- ate & Soil Levels from Model Leaching Plots: Report No. 128; Rept PR 14. (Unpublished study received Sep 2, 1972 under 3G1309; prepared by State Univ. of New York--Oswego, Lake On- torio Environmental Laboratory, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:092223-U) 41082

124700 Booth, G.; Rhees, R. (1973) Determination of Bentazon Residues in Suspended Soil Sediment, Bottom Soil Sediment, and Water; Deter- mination of the Release of Bound Bentazon Residues in Water; Toxicity of Bentazon to Marine and Freshwater Organisms. (Un- published study received Jan 30, 1974 under 4G1463; pr epared by Brigham Young Univ., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemi cal Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:094926-C)



### 5040470501 Keller, W. (1986) Soil Adsorption/Desorption Study of Bentazon: Registration Document # BASf: 86/0457. Unpublished study pared by BASF Agricultural Research Station. 25 p.

40470505 Gerhardt, R.; Hamm, R. (1987) The L eaching of Bentazon (BAS 351 H) after Aerobic Aging: Registration Document # BASF 87/0430. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Sta- tion. 52 p.

43628201 DER omitted MRID Becker-Arnold, R. (1994) Field Lysimete r Study with (Carbon-14) Bentazone (sic) Formulated as BAS 351 32 H: Lab Project Number: 94/11234: P91-E001. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktiengesellschaft. 104 p.

43628202 Becker-Arnold, R. (1993) Outdoor Lysimeter Study with (Carbon-14) Bentazon in a BAS 351 32 H Formulation: Lab Project Number: P91-E033: 93/10189. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktieng esellschaft. 108 p.

43628203 Nelsen, S. (1995) PRZM2 Modeling of Bentazon Leaching in Three US Agronomic Soils: Lab Project Number: 95/5034. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp. 20 p.

164-1 Terrestrial field dissipation

MRID Citation Reference

Portnoy, C.E. (1978) Disappearance of B entazon and Atrazine in Silt Loam Soil. (Unpublished study received Jun 5, 1979 u nder 7969- 45; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 238952-I) 23492

40197 BASF Wyandotte Corporation (19??) Summar y of Residues in Soil Re- sulting from the Application of Bentazon. (Unpublished st udy received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; CDL:094130-D)

44392 Stoner, J.H.; Daniel, J.W.; Petersen, F.H.; et al. (1974) Determi- nation of Residues of Bentazon and AIBA (2-Amino-?~N?~-isopropyl benzamide) in Commerce Silt Loam Soil from St. Joe, La.: Field Experiment No. 1-A-22-72. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Stoner Laborato- ries, Inc. and others, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Par- sippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-I)

44393 Stoner, J.H.; Daniel, J.W.; Petersen, F.H.; et al. (1974) Determi- nation of Residues of Bentazon and AIBA (2-Amino-?~N~?-isopropyl benzamide) in Silt Loam Soil from West Helena, Arkansas: Field Experiment No. 1-B-7-72. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation w ith Stoner Laborato- ries, Inc. and Soil and Plant Laboratory, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-J)

44397 Stoner, J.H.; Veenstra, M.A.; Petersen, F.H.; et al. (1974) Deter- mination of Residues of Bentazon and AIBA (2-Amino-?~N?~-isopro- pyl benzamide) in Keomah Silt Loam Soil from Macomb, Illinois: Field Experiment No. V-A-33-72. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Stoner Labo- ratories, Inc. and others, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-N)

44398 Stoner, J.H.; Thompson, J.; Petersen, F.H.; et al. (1974) Determin- nation of Residues of Bentazon and AIBA (2-Amino-?~N?~-isopropyl benzamide) in Silt Loam Soil from Grand Junction, Tenn.: Field Experi ment No. VII-A-26-7 2. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation w ith Stoner Laborato- ries, Inc. and Soil and Plant Laboratory, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-O)



### 5144401 Devine, J.M.; Tietjens, F. (1973) Determination of Bas 351-H ?3- Isopropyl-1~H~?-2,1,3- benzothiadiazin-(4)3~H~?-one-2,2-diox- ide| Residues in Commerce Silt Loam Soil from Greenville, Mis- sissippi: Field Experiment No. 72-76. (Unpublished study re- ceived Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by State Univ. of New York--Oswego, Lake Ontario Environmental Laboratory and United States Testing Co., Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-R)

44402 Devine, J.M.; Carter, C.; Hendrick, L.W.; et al. (1973) Determina- tion of Residues of Bas 351-H ?3-Isopropyl-1~H~?-2,1,3-benzo- thiadiazin-(4) 3~H~?-one-2,2-dioxide| and ItsBenzamide Metabo- lite, AIBA ?2-Amino-?~N?~-isopropyl benzamide|, in Webster Glencoe Silty Clay Loam Soil from Prior Lake, Mi nnesota: Field Ex- periment No. III-B-6-72. (Unpublished study including published data, r eceived Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by State Univ. of New York--Oswego, Lake Ontario Environmental Laboratory and others, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094047-A)

44403 Devine, J.M. (1973) Determination of Bas 351-H ?3-Isopropyl-1?~H?~- 2,1,3- benzothiadiazin-(4) 3H-one-2,2-dioxide| and Its Benzamide Metabolite, AIBA ?2-Amino- ?~N?~-isopropyl benzamide|, in Com- merce Silt Loam Soil from Greenville, Mississippi: Field Experi- ment No . 72-55, Post I. (Unpublished st udy received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by State Univ. of New York--Oswego, Lake Ontario Environmental Laboratory and United States Testing Co., Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 094047-B)

44405 Devine, J.M.; Hanes, R.E. (1973) Determination of Residues of Bas 351-H ?3-Isopropyl1?~H~?-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-(4) 3?~H~?-one- 2,2-dioxide| and Its Benzamide Metabolite, AIBA ?2-Amino-?~N?~- isopropyl benzamide|, in Sharkey Silty Clay Soil from Green- ville, Mississippi: Field Experiment No . 72-99. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by State Univ. of New York--Oswego, Lake Ontario Environmental Laboratory and United States Testing Co., Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094047-D)

83344 Wuerzer, B. (1972) Bentazon Model Box Runoff Study: Runoff Report 73-6. (Unpublished study received Jan 28, 1974 under 4G1463; pr epared in cooperation with United States Testing Co., submit- ted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:093899-G)

106226 BASF Wyandotte Corp. (1974) Analytical Resi due Reports (Soil and Water): ?Bentazon|. (Compilation; unpublished study received Ju l 1, 1974 under 5F1 529; CDL:094050-A)

106235 Schwemmer, B.; Willard, J. (1976) Bentazon/Propanil Half-life Study in Clay and Loamy Sand Soils. (Unpublished study re- ceived Dec 28, 1976 under 7969-45; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemical Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:095643-B)

106243 BASF Wyandotte Chemical Corp. (1977)?Residues of Bentazon in Beans and Peas (Succulent)|. (Compilation; unpublished stud y received Dec 22, 19 77 under 7969-45; CDL:096795-A)

106264 BASF Wyandotte Chemical Corp. (1978) En vironmental Chemistry: ?Basagran|. (Compilation; unpublished study received Ja n 25, 1979 under 796 9-45; CDL: 236832-A)



### 52108287 Thompson, J.; Schrader, J. (1976) Determination of Bentazon (BAS 351-H) and AIBA Residues in Sandy Loam Soil Samples from Bethel, North Carolina: Report No. IRDC-1; BWC Project No. I-2-G-73. (Unpublished study received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828; prepared by International Research an d Development Corp., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044-F)

108288 Daniel, J.; Gricher, J.; Boswe ll, T. (1976) Determination of Benta- zon (BAS 351-H) Residues in Sand Soil Samples from Yoakum , Texas: Report No. IRDC-3; BWC Project No. I-2-G-73. (Unpub- lished study received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F 1828; prepared by International Research and Development Corp., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044-G)

124701 Devine, J. (1972) Determination of BAS 351-H ... Residues in Run- Off Water and Sediment from Model Runoff Studies: Repor t No. 138. (Unpublished study received Jan 30, 1974 under 4G1463; prepared by State Univ. of New York--Oswego, Lake Ontario Envi- ronmental Laboratory, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemical Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:094926-F)

TRID number- no MRID given Schluter. M.M. Response to deficiencies on previous 164-1 submissions- upgrade memo.

44384 Stoner, J.H.; Hendrick, L.W.; Arnold, G. (1974) Determination of Residues of Bentazon in Soil from Brookings, S. Dakota: Field Experiment No. III-A-1-73. (Unpublished study including pub- lished data, received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by Stoner Laboratories, Inc. in cooperation with So uth Dakota State Univ., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 094048-A)

44385 Stoner, J.H.; Hendrick, L.W.; Arnold, G. (1974) Determination of Residues of AIBA (2- Amino-?~N~?-isopropyl benzamide) in Soil from Brookings, South Dakota: Field Experiment No. III-A-1-73. (U npublished study including pub lished data, received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by Stoner Laboratories, Inc. in co- operation with South Dakota State Univ., submitted by BASF Wyan- dotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-B)

44386 Stoner, J.H.; Veenstra, M.; Waltz, R. (1974) Determination of Resi- dues of Bentazon (Bas 351-H) in Sandy Loam Soil from Mason, Michigan: Field Experiment No. 5-B-3-73. (Unpublished study re- ceived Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Stoner Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BA SF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-C)

44387 Stoner, J.H.; Veenstra, M.; Waltz, R. (1974) Determination of Resi- dues of AIBA (2- Amino-?~N~?-isopropyl benzamide) in Sandy Loam Soil from Mason, Michigan: Field Experiment No. 5-B-3-73. (U n- published study received Ju l 1, 1974 u nder 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Stoner Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-D)

44388 Stoner, J.H.; Veenstra, M.; Meggitt, W. (1974 ) Determination of Residues of Bentazon (Bas 351-H) in Conover Silt Loam Soil from E. Lansing, Michigan: Field Experiment No. MSU-73. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1 974 under 5F1529; prep ared in cooperation with Stoner Laboratories, Inc. and Michigan State Univ., submit- ted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-E)



### 5344389 Stoner, J.H.; Veenstra, M.; Meggitt, W. (1974 ) Determination of Residues of AIBA (2- Amino-?~N~?isopropyl benzamide), in Conover Silt Loam Soil from E. Lansing, Michigan: Field Experiment No . MSU-73. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Stoner Laboratories, Inc. and Michigan State Univ., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-F)

44390 Stoner, J.H.; Hanes, R.E. (1974) Determination of Residues of Ben- tazon (Bas 351-H) and AIBA in Commerce Silt Loam Soil from Greenville, Mississippi: Field Experiment No. 73-43. (Unpub- lished study recei ved Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529 ; prepared in co- operation with Stoner Laboratories, Inc. and United St ates Test- ing Co., Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-G)

44391 Stoner, J.H.; Weurzer, B.; Hanes, R.E. (1974 ) Determination of Res- idues of Bentazon and AIBA (2-Amino-?~N?~-isopropyl benzamide) in Commerce Silt Loam Soil from Greenville, Miss.: Field Experi- ment No. 73-11. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Stoner Laboratories, Inc. and United States Testing Co., Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-H)

44394 Stoner, J.H.; Von Amsberg, H.; Daniel, J.W.; et al. (1974) Determi- nation of Residues of Bentazon and AIBA (2-Amino-?~N?~-isopropyl benzamide) in Silt Loam Soil from Trenton, Arkansas: Field Ex- periment No. 1- B-12-72. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Stoner Laboratories, Inc. and others, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-K)

44395 Stoner, J.H.; Daniel, J.W.; Petersen, F.H. ( 1974) Determination of Residues of Bentazon and AIBA (2-Amino-?~N?~-isopropyl benza- mide) in Sandy Loam Soil from Bartlett, Tenn.: Field Experiment No. 1-B-16-72. (U npublished study receive d Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Ston er Laboratories, Inc. and Soil and Plant Laboratory, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-L)

44396 Stoner, J.H.; Veenstra, M.A.; Petersen, F.H.; et al. (1974) Deter- mination of Residues of Bentazon and AIBA (2-Amino-?~N~?-isopro- pyl benzamide) in Loam Soil from Williamston, Michigan: Field Experiment No. 5-B-12-72. (Unpublishe d study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Stoner Laborato- ries, Inc. and Soil and Plant Laboratory, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-M)

44399 Stoner, J.H.; Weurzer, B.; Hanes, R.E. (1974 ) Determination of Res- idues of Bentazon and AIBA (2-Amino-?~N?~-isopropyl benzamide) in Commerce Silt Loam Soil from Greenville, Miss.: Field Experi- ment No. 71 -13-1. (Unpublished st udy received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Stoner Laborato ries, Inc. and United States Testing Co., Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-P)

44400 Stoner, J.H.; Hanes, R.E. (1974) Determination of Residues of Ben- tazon and AIBA (2- Amino-?~N?~-isopropyl benzamide) in Commerce Silt Loam Soil from Greenville, Miss.: Field Experiment No. 73- 41. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Stoner Laboratories, Inc. and United States Testing Co., Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-Q)



### 5444401 Devine, J.M.; Tietjens, F. (1973) Determination of Bas 351-H ?3- Isopropyl-1~H~?-2,1,3- benzothiadiazin-(4)3~H~?-one-2,2-diox- ide| Residues in Commerce Silt Loam Soil from Greenville, Mis- sissippi: Field Experiment No. 72-76. (Unpublished study re- ceived Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by State Univ. of New York--Oswego, Lake Ontario Environmental Laboratory and United States Testing Co., Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094048-R)

44404 Devine, J.M. (1973) Determination of Residues of AIBA ?2-Amino- ?~N?~-isopropyl benzamide| in Commerce Silt Loam Soil from Greenville, Mississippi: Field Experiment No. 72-76. (Unpub- lished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by State Univ. of New York--Oswego, Lake Ontario Environmental Lab- oratory, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094047-C)

44411 Eschbach, J.C.; Ascheman, R.E.; Wilson, L. ; et al. (1974) Determi- nation of Bentazon and AIBA Residues in Silt Loam Soil from Washington, Iowa: Field Experiment No. IV-C-2- 73. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Brayton Chemical Co., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094049-F)

44412 Eschbach, J.C.; Ascheman, R.E.; Hanes, R. E.; et al. (1974) Determi- nation of Bentazonand AIBA Residues in Silt Loam Soil from Bur- lington, Iowa: Field Experiment No. IVC-3-73. (Unpublished stud y received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F 1529; prepared in cooperation with Brayton Chemical Co. and United Stat es Testing Co., Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 094049-G)

44413 Eschbach, J.C.; Veenstra, M.A.; Hanes, R.E.; et al. (1974) Determi- nation of Bentazon and AIBA Residues in Sandy Loam Soil from Williamston, Michigan: Field Experiment No. V-B-4-72. (Unpub- lished st udy received Jul 1, 1974 under5F1529; prepared in cooperation with United States Testing Co., Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094049-H)

44414 Eschbach, J.C.; Thompson, J.; Hanes, R.E.; et al. (1974) Determina- tion of Bentazon and AIBA Residues in Loamy Sand Soil from Or- angeburg County, South Carolina: Field Experiment No. VII-A-61- 73. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with United States Test ing Co., Inc., sub- mitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094049-I)

44415 Eschbach, J.C.; Thompson, J.; Hanes, R.E.; et al. (1974) Determina- tion of Bentazon and AIBA Residues, Sandy Soil from Marion Coun- ty, South Carolina: Field Experiment No. VII-A-62-73. (Unpub- lished study received Ju l 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with United States Testing Co., Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094049-J)

44416 Eschbach, J.C.; Orr, J.; Hanes, R.E.; et al. (1974) Determination of Bentazon and AIBA Residues in Portneuf Silt Loam Soil from Kimb erly, Idaho: Field Experiment No. II-B-6- 73. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with United States Testing Co., Inc. and Rogers Brothers Co., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 094049-K)



### 55108285 Dye, D.; Thompson, J.; Tiller, H. (1976) Determination of Bentazon (BAS 351-H) Residues in Sandy Loam Soil Samples from Sumter, South Carolina: Report No. S-43; BWC Project No. I-2-B-76. (Unpublished st udy received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828; prepared by Stoner Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044-D)

108286 Dye, D.; Thompson, J.; Driggers, R. (1976) Determination of Benta- zon (BAS 351-H) Residues in Norfolk Loamy Sand Soil Samples from Tifton, Georgia: Report No. S-41; BWC Project No. I-2-B-76. (Unpublished st udy received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828; prepared by Stoner Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044-E)

108287 Thompson, J.; Schrader, J. (1976) Determination of Bentazon (BAS 351-H) and AIBA Residues in Sandy Loam Soil Samples from Bethel, North Carolina: Report No. IRDC-1; BWC Project No. I-2-G-73. (Unpublished study received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828; prepared by International Research an d Development Corp., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044-F)

108288 Daniel, J.; Gricher, J.; Boswe ll, T. (1976) Determination of Benta- zon (BAS 351-H) Residues in Sand Soil Samples from Yoakum , Texas: Report No. IRDC-3; BWC Project No. I-2-G-73. (Unpub- lished study received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F 1828; prepared by International Research and Development Corp., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044-G)

108289 Daniels, J.; Santchran, P. (1975) Determination of Bentazon (BAS 351-H) and Aiba Residues in Sandy Loam Soil from Perkins, Okla- homa: Report No. C-66; BWC Project No. 1-2-F-74. (Unpublished st udy received Jul 12, 1976 und er 6F1828; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyan- dotte, MI; CDL:096044-H)

108290 Daniel, J.; Habetz, A. (1975) Determination of Bentazon and Aiba Residues in Crowley Silt Loam Soil Samples from Rayne, Louisi- ana: Report No. C-67; BWC Project No. 1-2- F-74. (Unpublished study received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyan dotte Corp., Wyan- dotte, MI; CDL:096044-I)

108291 Daniels, J.; Crane, L. (1976) Determination of Bentazon (BAS 351-H) and AIBA Residues in Clay Soil Samples from Alvin, Texas: Re port No. IRDC-2; BWC Project No. I-2-G-73.(Unpublished study re- ceived Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828; prepared by International Research and Development Corp., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp, Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044-J)

108292 Veenstra, M.; Hamelink, R. (1976) Determination of Bentazon (BAS 351-H) and AIBAResidues in Soil from Williamston, Michigan: Report No. C-63; BWC Project No. I-2-F74. (Unpublished study received Jul 12, 1976 u nder 6F1828; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyando tte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044-K)

108293 Ascheman, R.; Robison, G. (1976) Determination of Bentazon (BAS 351-H) and AIBA Residues in Loam Soil from Adel, Iowa: Report No. C-63; BWC Project No. 1-2-F-74. (Unpublished study received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL: 096044-L)



### 56108294 Dye, D.; Hendrick, L.; Little, D. (1976) Dete rmination of Bentazon (BAS 351-H) Residues in Silt Loam Soil Samples from Nerstrand, Minnesota: Report S-42; BWC Project No. I-2- B-76. (Unpublished study received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828; prepared by Stoner Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wy andotte Corp., Wyan- dotte, MI; CDL:096044- M)

108295 Veenstra, M.; Allen, G. (1975) Determination of Bentazon (BAS 351- H) and AIBAResidues in Loam Soil from Jersey City, Ohio: Report No. C-62; BWC Project No. 1-2-F74. (Unpublished study received Jul 12, 1 976 under 6F1828; prep ared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL: 096044- N)

108296 Orr, J.; Blankenbarg, F. (1975) Determination of Bentazon (BAS 351-H) and AIBA Residues in Sandy Loam Soil from Nampa, Idaho: Report No. C-64; BWC Project No. I-2- F-74. (Unpublished study received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828; prepared by Cannon Labora- tories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044- O)

164-2 Aquatic field dissipation

MRID Citation Reference

Eschbach, J.C., and W. Lipsey. 1974. Determination o f bentazon and AIBAresidues i n water from t i l e drainage system underlying soybean p l o t from D a n v i l l e , Iowa: F i e l d Experiment No. PL-4-73-6. Unpublished study received July 1, 1974 under 5F1529; 44407

prepared i n cooperati on w i t h Agri -Resear ch Associ ates, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:094049-B.

44408 Eschbach, J.C., J.W. Daniel , and 0. Von Kemel . 1974. Determination o f bentazon and AIBA residues i n r u n - o f f water from soybean p l o t s from La Grange, Arkansas: F i e l d Experiment No. VIII -8-30-73. Unpublished study receive d July 1, 1974 unlder 5F1529; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:094049-E.

106258 Willard, J. (1977) Basagran Water Dispersa l and Indicator Organism Study, Alvin, Texas: Report J2. (Unpublished study received Se p 29, 1977 under 7969-45; prepared in cooperation with Cannon Laboratories, Inc. , submitted by BASF Wyandotte Chemical Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:231927-B)

108297 Guzman, B.; Daniels, J.; Habetz, A. (1976) Determination of Benta- zon (BAS 351-H) Residues in Rice Water Dissipation: Samples from Rayne, Louisiana: Report No. PR-136. (Unpublished study re- ceived Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044-P)

108298 Guzman, B.; Daniels, J.; Easton, E. (1976) Determination of Benta- zon (BAS 351-H) Residues in Rice Water Samples from Beaumont, Texas: Report No. PR-135. (Unpublished study received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828 ; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044-Q)

108299 Horton, W.; Carter, C.; Bayer, D. (1976) Determination of Bentazon (BAS 351-H) Residues in Rice Water Samples from Davis, Califor- nia: Report No. PR-138. (Unpublished study received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828; submitte d by BASF Wyandotte Co rp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044-R)

41434401 Eubanks, M. (1989) Field Report on the Dissipation of Basagran Herbicide (BAS 351 07 H) in a Rice Paddy--1988 Leland, MS (RCN 88060): Lab Project Nos. E 8926; 90/5002. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp. and Stonevile Associates. 84 p.



### 5741434402 Single, Y. (1990) Dissipation of the Residues of Bentazon (BAS 351 H) in Rice Paddy Soil and Water (RCN 88060--Leland, MS): Lab Project Nos. A9004: 90/5003. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp. and Enseco California Analytical Laboratory. 88 p.

41434403 Eubanks, M. (1989) Field Report on the Dissipation of Basagran Herbicide (BAS 351 07 H) in a Rice Paddy--1988 Chico, CA (RCN 88058): Lab Project Nos. E 8925; 90/5004. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Co rp. and Chemtec, Inc. 57 p.

41434404 Single, Y. (1990) Dissipation of the Residues of Bentazon (BAS 351 H) in Rice Paddy Soil and Water (RCN 88058--Chico, CA): Lab Project Nos. A9002; 90/5005. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp. and Enseco Calif ornia Analytical Laboratory. 92 p.

41434405 Eubanks, M. (1989) Field Report on the Dissipation of Basagran Her- bicide (BAS 351 07 H) in a Rice Paddy--1988 Washington, LA (RCN 88059): Lab Project No. E 8924; 90/5006. Unpublished study pre- pared by BASF Corp. and Jensen Agricultural Consultants, Inc. 114
p.

41434406 Single, Y. (1990) Dissipation of the Residues of Bentazon (BAS 351 H) in Rice Paddy Soil and Water (RCN 88059--Washington, LA): Lab Project Nos. A9003; 90/5007. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp. and Enseco California Analytical Laboratory. 88 p.

43431901 Evans, J.; Jordan, J.; Anderson, S. (1994) Basagran Herbicide Dissipation in a Rice Paddy 1992 Study: Final Report: Lab Project Number: 92111: ER/94018: 94/5151. Unpublished study prepared by Jensen Ag. Consultants, Inc.; Stoneville Associates, Inc.; and BASF Corp. 578 p.

41447901 Eubanks, M.; Clark, J. (1990) Basagran Herbicide (BAS 351 07 H) Aquatic Use Field Dissipation Studies: Summary Report: Document 90/5001; Report E 8949. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp., Enseco California Analytical Laboratory and others. 40 p.

43521201 Ellenson, J. (1994) Storage Stability of (c arbon 14) Bentazon Photolysis Product Peak B: Lab Project Number: M8928: M9323: 94/5138. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp. 162 p.

165-0 Accumulation Studies -- General

MRID Citation Reference

41078 Booth, G.M.; Yu, C.C.; Hansen, D.J. (1972) Fate, Metabolism, and Toxicity of 3-Isopropyl1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one-2,2= dioxide in a Model Ecosystem. (Unpublished study received Sep 2, 1972 under 7969-EX-2; pr epared by Illinois Natural History Survey and others, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippa- ny, N.J.; CDL:095003-E)

108300 Booth, G. (1975) Uptake, Metabolism and Accumulation of Bentazon from Soil into Crawfish (Procambus clarki). Final rept. (Un- published stud y received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828; prepared by Brighman Young Un iv., Dept. of Zoology, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI; CDL:096044-S)

108301 Horton, W.; Daniel, J.; Habetz, A. (1976) Determination of Benta- zon (BAS 351-H) and 6- and 8-Hydroxy Bentazon Residues in Craw- fish Samples from Rayne, Louisiana: Report No. PR-148. (Unpub- lished study received Jul 12, 1976 under 6F1828 ; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, MI: CDL:096044-T)



### 58165-1 Confined rotational crop

MRID Citation Reference

40789 Quistad, G.B.; Staiger, L.E.; Schooley, D.A. (1978) Environmental degradation of the miticide Cycloprate (Hexadecyl cyclopropane- carboxylate). 1. Rat metabolism. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 26(1):60-66. (Also~In~unpublished submission re- ceived Feb 28, 1978 under 20954-EX-9; submitted by Zoecon Corp., Palo Alto, Calif.; CDL:096840-C)

40767701 Winkler, V. (1987) Confined Accumulation of ?carbon 14|-Bentazon in Annual Rotational Crops after Aquatic Use: Document No. BASF 88/5051. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Re- search Center. 67 p.

40767702 Winkler, V. (1988) Confined Accumulation of ?carbon 14|-Bentazon in Emergency Replant, Fall and Annual Rotational Crops after Terrestrial Use: Document No. BASF 88/5053. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Center. 150 p.

41146605- PC Code 275200 Eubanks, M. (1989) Magnitude of the Residues of Bentazon in Soil and Crop Matrices from a Rotational Crop Study in California (RCN 87107): Rept. No. A8932; Doc. No. BASF89/5064. Unpublish- ed study prepared in Cooperation with EN-CAS Analytical Laboratories, Enseco California Analytical Laboratory and others. 219 p.

41146601- PC Code 275100 Eubanks, M. (1989) Basagran Herbicide Terrestrial Rotational Crop Study 1987-1988 Dinuba, CA (RCN 87107): Rept. No. E 8806; Doc. No. BASF 89/5060. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Farm. 89 p.

41146602- PC Code 275100 Eubanks, M. (1989) Basagran Herbicide Terrestrial Rotational Crop Study 1987-1988 Genesco, IL (RCN 87105): Rept. No. E 8805; Doc. No. BASF 89/5061. Unpublished study prepared by Agri-growth Research, Inc. 81 p.

41146603- PC Code 275200 Eubanks, M. (1989) Basagran Herbicide Terrestrial Rotational Crop Study 1987-1988 Hollandale, MN (RCN 87104): Rept. No. E 8804; Doc. No. BASF 89/5062. Unpublished study prepared by Agri-Growth Research, Inc. 111 p.

41146606- PC Code 275100 Eubanks, M. (1989) Magnitude of the Residues of Bentazon in Soil and Crop Matrices from a Rotational Crop Study in Illinois (RCN 87105): Rept. No. A8930; Doc. No. BASF 89/5065. Unpublished study prepared in cooperation with Enseco California Analytical Laboratory, EN-CAS Analytical La boratories and Others. 206 p.

41146607- PC Code 275200 Single, Y. (1989) Magnitude of the Residues of Bentazon in Soil and Crop Matrices from a Rotational Crop Study in Minnesota (...): Rept. No. A8928; Doc. No. 89/5066. Unpublished study prepared in cooperation with EN-CAS Analytical Laboratories, Enseco California Analytical Laboratory and others. 211 p.

42361901- PC Code 275200 Winkler, V. (1992) Summary of Presentation to EPA Concerning the Bentazon Confined Crop Rotation Study: ?A Supplement|: Lab Project Number: 92/5087. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Agricultural Research Center. 22 p.

42963701 Venkatesh, K. (1993) Carbon 14-Bentazon (BAS 351 H) Confined Rotational Crop Study: Lab Project Number: M9304: M91060: 93/5094. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp., Agricultural Products; American Agricultural Services; and Agvise Labs. 178 p.



### 59165-4 Bioaccumulation in fish

MRID Citation Reference

ACC 265408 = MRID 164087 Forbis, A.; Frazier, S.; Stuerman, L. (1986 ) Uptake, Depuration and Bioconcentration of [Carbon 14]-bentazon by Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus): Report No. 34506. Unpublished study pre- pared by Analytical Bio-Chemistry Laboratories, Inc. 238 p.

40793 Booth, G.M. (1974) Uptake, Metabolism and Accumulation of Bentazon in Channel Catfish (~?Ectalurus punctatus?~). (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 u nder 5F1529; prepared by Brigham Young Univ., Dept. of Zoology, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094138-K)

40794 Joseph, T.C.; Gilman, M.R. (1974) Report: Determination of Residues in Fish following Their Exposure to Radioactive Bas 351-H: Lab- oratory No. E-6259. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F 1529; prepared by Cannon Laboratories, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094138-L)

83347 Cannon Laboratories, Incorporated (1974) Determination of Residues in Fish following Their Exposure to Radioactive BAS 351-H: Labo- ratory No. E-6259. (Unpublished study received Jan 28, 1974 un- der 4G1463; submit ted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:093899-K)

98842 Sanborn, J.R. (1974) The Fate of Select Pest icides in the Aquatic Environment. By Illinois, Natural History Survey. Corvallis, Oreg.: U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Environmental Research Center. (EPA-660/3-74-025; available from: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 and NTIS, Springfield, VA 22151: PB 239 749; published study; CDL:232569-Z)

155470 BASF Wyandotte Corp. (1985) 90 Day Response to Registration Notice of 9/27/85 for Sodium Bentazon. Unpublished compilation. 67 p.

164087 Forbis, A.; Frazier, S.; Stuerman, L. (1986 ) Uptake, Depuration and Bioconcentration of [Carbon 14]-bentazon by Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus): Report No. 34506. Unpublished study pre- pared by Analytical Bio-Chemistry Laboratories, Inc. 238 p.

40954801- PC Code 275200 Patel, J.; Winler, V. (1988) Id entification of Bioaccumulated Re si- dues in Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) After ?Carbon 14|- Bentazon Exposure: Registration Document No. BASF: 88/5117. Un- published study prepared by BASF Corp. Agricultural Research Center. 63 p.

42236501- PC Code 275200 McKenna, E.; Tanaka, F. (1992) Bioaccumulation and Metabolism of ?carbon 14| Bentazon in Bluegill Sunfish: Lab Project Number: PROTOCOL 91070: PROTOCOL 91071: M9128. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Corp. and Battelle. 180 p.

Groundwater Well Water and Runoff Studies

44406 Eschbach, J.C.; Lipsey, W. (1974) Determination of Bentazon and AIBA Residues in Shallow Well Water from Soybean Plots: Field Experiment No. PL-4-73-5. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1 529; prepared in cooperation w ith Agri-Research Associates, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094049-A)



### 6044408 Eschbach, J.C.; Lipsey, W. (1974) Determination of Bentazon and AIBA Residues in Well Water and Water from Tile Drainage System Un derlying Soybean Plots from Adrian, Illinois: Field Experiment No. PL-73-7. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Agri Research Associates, Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 094049-C)

44409 Eschbach, J.C.; Daniel, J.W.; Von Kemel, P. (1974) Determination of Bentazon and AIBA Residues in Shallow Well Water from Soybean Plots from Helena, Arkansas: Field Experiment No. VIII-B -29-73. (Unpublished study receive d Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094049-D)

44407 Eschbach, J.C.; Linsey, W. (1974) Determination of Bentazon and AIBA Residues in Water from Tile Drainage System Underlying Soy- be an Plot from Danville, Iowa: Field Experiment No. PL-4-73-6. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with Agri-Research Associates , Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094049-B)

44410 Eschbach, J.C.; Daniel, J.W.; Von Kemel, O. (1974) Determination of Bentazon and AIBA Residues in Run-Off Water from Soybean Plots from Lagrange, Arkansas: Field Experiment No. VIII-B-30-73. (Unpublishe d study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094049-E)

119888 BASF Wyandotte Corp. (1978) Determinati on of AIBA ... Residues in Water Samples from Alvin, Texas: TX-1-JIW-77: Report No. PR-176. (Unpublished study received Aug 24, 1978 under 7969-45; CDL: 097310-B)

Found in Non-Guideline Section of OPPIN-many are analytical methods
23493 Drescher, N.; Eschbach, J.E. (1974) Determination of BAS 351-H ?3- isopropyl-1H2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide| Resi- dues in Soil and Mud by Gas Chromatography. Method no. 6 dated Jan 23, 1974. (Unpublished study received Jun 5, 1979 under 7969-45; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsipany, N.J.; CDL:238952-J)p., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:238952-J)

40198 Drescher, N.; Devine, J. (1973) Determination of Residues of Benta- zon, BAS 351-H (3-Isopropyl-1 H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3 H -one-2,2-dioxide) and Its Benzamide Metabolite, AIBA (2-Amino- N -isopropyl-benzamide) in Soil by Gas Chromatography. Meth- od no. 4 dated Oct 1, 1973. (Unpublishe d study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with BASF, AG and State Univ. of New York, Lake Ontario Environmental Laboratory; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL: 094130-E)

40199 Drescher, N.; Eschbach, J.C. (1974) Determination of Bas 351-H (3- Isopropyl-1H2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide) Resi- dues in Soil and Mud by Gas Chromatography. Method no. 6 dated Jan 23, 1974. (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared in cooperation with BASF, AG, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094130-F)

84719 Drescher, N.; Eschbach, J.C. (1974) Determination of BAS 351-H ?3- Isopropyl-1H2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4 (3H)-one-2,2-Dioxide| Res- idues in Soil and Mud by Gas Chromatography. Method no. 6 dated Jan 23, 1974. (Unpublished study received Jan 28, 1974 under 4G1463; prepared in cooperation with BASF AG, West Ger- many, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:093898-K)

40200 Eschbach, J.C. (1974) Determination of Bas 351-H ?3-Isopropyl-1H-2, 1,3- benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide| Residues in Water by Gas Chromatography. Method no. 8 dated Jan 23, 1974. (Unpub- lished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094130-G)



### 61

### 62 40201 Eschbach, J.C. (1974) Determination of Bentazon (Bas 351-H ) and AIBA (Benzamide Metabolite): Method no. 13 da ted Jun 19, 1974. (U npublished study recei ved Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094130-H)

40790 Devine, J.M. (1972) Determination of BAS 351-H ?3-Isopropyl-1H- 2,1,3 benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one-2,2-dioxide| Residues in Soil and Runoff Water: Report No. 133. Method dated Oct 2, 1972 . (Unpublished study received Jul 1, 19 74 under 5F1529; prepared by Lake Ontario Environmental Laboratory, submitted by BASF Wy- andotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094138-H)

51881 Rittig, F.R.; Synnatschke, G.; Guckel, W. (1972) Gas Chromato- graphic Determination of Bentazon: Laboratory Report No. 1056. (Translation; unpublished study received Jul 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by Badische Anilin--& Soda-Fabrik, AG, sub- mitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, N.J.; CDL:094136-E)

43668601 Hofmann, M. (1990) Determination of the DT50 of (Carbon-14)- Bentazon in a New Lysimeter Soil: Lab Project Number: P90-S020: 3020: 90/10921. Unpublished study prepared by BASF Aktieng esellschaft. 26 p.

44105504 Baker, D.; Richards, R. (1990) Transport of soluble pesticides through drainage networks in large agricultural river basins. Chapter 17, p. 241-270 in Long Range Transport of Pesticides by D.A. Kurtz. Lewis

. 41082 Devine, J.M. 1972. Determination o f BAS 351-H (3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3- benzothiadiazin-4(3H) -one-2,2-di oxi de) residues i n 1 eachate and soi 1 1 eve1 s from model 1 eachi ng p l o t s :Report No. 125. Unpublished study received Sep. 2, 1972 under 7969-EX-2; prepared by State U n i v e r s i t y Col 1 ege, Lake Ontario Envi ronmental Laboratory, submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:095003-J.

44403 Devine, 3.11. 1973. Determination o f BAS 351-H (3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3- benzothiadiazin-(4) 3H-one-2,2-di oxi de) and i t s benzami de rnetabol i t e , AIBA (2- arni no-N-i sopropyl benzami de), i n Commerce s i 1 t 1 oam soi 1 f rom Greenvi 11 e, Mi s s i s s i ppi : F i e l d Experiment No. 72-55,Post I. Unpublishe d study received July 1, 1974 under 5F1529; prepared by State U n i v e r s i t y of New York--0sweg0, Lake Ontario Envi ronmental Laboratory and United States Testing Co., Inc., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:094047-B.

83344 Wuerzer, B. 1972. Bentazon model box r u n o f f study: Runoff Report 73-6. Unpublished study received Jan. 28, 1974 unde r 461463; prepared i n cooperation w i t h United States Testing Co., submitted by BASF Wyandotte Corp., Parsippany, NJ; CDL:093899-G.Appendix B: DT50sfor Submitted Environmental Fate StudiesAppendix Table B-1. Parent and Total Toxic Residue (TTR) PestDF Degradation Half-life Estimation OutputParent OnlyTotal Toxic Residue (TTR)Hydrolysis – pH 7 (MRID 00161293)Same as Parent OnlyAquatic Photolysis – pH 7 (MRID 4364201)Same as Parent Only63Parent OnlyTotal Toxic Residue (TTR)Aerobic Soil Metabolism – Sandy Clay Loam at 22°C (MRID 00040209)Temperature Corrected to 54.0 days at 25°CTemperature Corrected to 54.6 days at 25°CAerobic Soil Metabolism – Sandy Loam at 23°C (MRID 00067244)Temperature Corrected to 4.28 days at 25°CDegradates not Measured64Parent OnlyTotal Toxic Residue (TTR)Aerobic Soil Metabolism – Loam at 23°C (MRID 00067244)Degradates not MeasuredTemperature Corrected to 10.9 days at 25°CAerobic Soil Metabolism – Sandy Loam at 22°C (MRID 40470502)Temperature Corrected to 68.5 days at 25°CTemperature Corrected to 69.4 days at 25°C65Parent OnlyTotal Toxic Residue (TTR)Aerobic Soil Metabolism – Loamy Sand at 22°C (MRID 40470502)Temperature Corrected to 29.3 days at 25°CTemperature Corrected to 29.6 days at 25°CAerobic Soil Metabolism – Clay Loam at 22°C (MRID 40470502)Temperature Corrected to 39.6 days at 25°CTemperature Corrected to 41.1 days at 25°C66Parent OnlyTotal Toxic Residue (TTR)Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism – clay soil and deep well water from Greenville, Mississippiat 25°C (MRID 40470503)Degradates not MeasuredAerobic Aquatic Metabolism – clay soil and deep well water from Greenville, Mississippiat 25°C (MRID 40470504)Degradates Measured (Without Replication) at only Two of Seven Time Points.67Parent OnlyTotal Toxic Residue (TTR)Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism – sandy loam soil and deep well water from Greenville, Mississippiat 25°C (MRID 40470504)Degradates Measured (Without Replication) at only Two of Seven Time Points.Aquatic Field Dissipation – MS Plot 2 (First application to dry soil; Second application to flooded plot) (MRID43431901 – Water only after second application)68Parent OnlyTotal Toxic Residue (TTR)Aquatic Field Dissipation – MS Plot 3 (Both applications to flooded plot) (MRID43431901 – Water only after second application)Aquatic Field Dissipation – LA Plot 2 (First application to dry soil; Second application to flooded plot) (MRID43431901 – Water only after second application)69Parent OnlyTotal Toxic Residue (TTR)Aquatic Field Dissipation – LA Plot 3 (Both applications to flooded plot) (MRID43431901 – Water only after second application)Same as “Parent Only” (no degradates measured above detection limit).Appendix Table B-2. Degradate O-amino-N-isopropyl benzamide (AIBA) PestDF Degradation Half-life Estimation OutputParent OnlyTotal Toxic Residue (TTR)Hydrolysis – pH 7 (MRID 00083339Same as “Parent Only” (no degradates measured above detection limit).The PestDF output does not contain the half-life estimates. Assuming a SFOrelationship Excel estimates a half-life of 932 days.70http://www.epa.gov/oppefed/models/water/input_parameters_guidance.html71Appendix C: Degradate Formation in Fate StudiesTable C-1. Bentazon and Its Environmental Transformation Products.Chemical Name, Solubility, and KOCChemical StructureStudy TypeLabel,Maximum%AR (day)MRIDFinal %AR(study length)PARENTAqueous Photolysis0004078519 (1)Soil Photolysis0004078556.1 (5)Aqueous Photolysis00161294pH 5: 22.4 (10.7)pH 7: 44.1 (4.8)pH 9: 41.2 (1.3)Aqueous Photolysis436420128.4 (5.9)Aerobic Soil Metab.404705022.6 (367)0.9 (367)0.4 (367)Bentazon(BAS 351H)IUPAC:3-isopropyl-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one2,2-dioxideCAS:3-(1-methylethyl)-1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxideCAS No.:50723-80-3Formula:C10H11N2O3SNaMW:262.26 g/molSMILES:c1cc2[N-]S(N(C(c2cc1)=O)C(C)C)(=O)=O.[Na+]MobilityWater solubility:570 mg/L (measured); 292.66 mg/L (EPISuite estimate)Kd:0.176 L/kg (measured); Koc: 10 L/kg (MCI method)Aerobic Soil Metab.00040209NA9.7 (266)MAJOR (>10%) TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTSO-amino-N-isopropyl benzamide (AIBA) –drinkingwater degradate of concernCAS:2-amino-N-isopropylbenzamideCAS No.:30391-89-0Formula:C10H14N2OMW:178.24 g/molSMILES:O=C(NC(C)C)c1ccccc1NMobilityWater solubility:33,247 mg/L (EPI Suite estimate)Koc:27.83 L/kg (MCI method)NHOCH3CHAqueous PhotolysisNH230004078527(1)27(1)O-nitro-N-isopropyl benzamide (7) ) –drinking waterO27(1)27(1)Aqueous Photolysis0004078572Chemical Name, Solubility, and KOCChemical StructureStudy TypeLabel,Maximum%AR (day)MRIDFinal %AR(study length)degradate of concernFormula:C10H12N2O3MW:208.22 g/molSMILES:O=C(NC(C)C)c1ccccc1[N+](=O)[O-]MobilityWater solubility:1327 mg/L (EPI Suite estimate)Koc:89.72 L/kg (MCI method)Aerobic Soil Metab.000402090.63 (140)0.23 (266)O-nitroso-N-isopropylbenzamide (8) ) –drinking waterdegradate of concernFormula:C10H12N2O2MW:192.22 g/molSMILES:O=C(NC(C)C)c1ccccc1N=OMobilityWater solubility:660.3 mg/L (EPI Suite estimate)Koc:53.09 L/kg (MCI method)NHOCH3CH3Soil PhotolysisNO0004078522(1)5.7 (5)Photoproduct 10 (MRID 00040785) ) –drinking waterdegradate of concernFormula:C17H20N4O2MW:312.37 g/molKoc:66.37 L/kg (MCI method)Upper StructureSMILES:C(=O)(NN(C(=O)(c1ccccc1N))C(C)C)c1ccccc1NMobilityWater solubility9790mg/L (EPI Suite estimate)Or:Lower StructureSMILES:C(N)(=O)c1c(NN(C(=O)c2c(N)cccc2)C(C)C)cccc1MobilityWater solubility6617.4mg/L (EPI Suite estimate)Structure is Approximate:CONHN CCH3H3CONH2H2NOr:NHN CCH3H3COH2NOH2NSoil Photolysis0004078513(5)13(5)Photoproduct 12 (MRID 00040785)14(1)Aqueous Photolysis00040785O14(1)73Chemical Name, Solubility, and KOCChemical StructureStudy TypeLabel,Maximum%AR (day)MRIDFinal %AR(study length)MW:477.55 g/molSMILES:C1(=O)c2c(c(N3c4c(C(=O)N(C(C)C)S3(=O)=O)cccc4)ccc2)NS(=O)(=O)C1C(C)CMobilityWater solubility:1.37 mg/L (EPI Suite estimate)Koc:59.61 L/kg (MCI method)9.4 (3)7.9 (5)Soil Photolysis14(1)Aqueous Photolysis14(1)Photoproduct 13 (MRID 00040785)Formula:C21H23N3O6S2MW:477.55 g/molSMILES:C1(=O)c2c(ccc(N3c4c(C(=O)N(C(C)C)S3(=O)=O)cccc4)c2)NS(=O)(=O)C1C(C)CMobilityWater solubility:1.37 mg/L (EPI Suite estimate)Koc:58.42 L/kg (MCI method)NNSO2OCH3CH3NHNSO2OCH3CH300040785Soil Photolysis8.8 (5)8.8 (5)74Chemical Name, Solubility, and KOCChemical StructureStudy TypeLabel,Maximum%AR (day)MRIDFinal %AR(study length)Photoproduct B (MRID 4364201)IUPAC:3-isopropyl-2,2-dioxo-5-oxo-cyclopentano[d]IH2,1,3-thiadiazln-4(3H)-oneβ-carbonic acidFormula:C10H10N2O6SNNHSO2OCH3CH3OOHOMW:286.26g/molSMILES:C(=O)(O)C1C(=O)C2C(=O)N(C(C)C)S(=O)(=O)NC=2C=1MobilityWater solubility:286,510 mg/L (EPI Suite estimate)Koc:10 L/kg (MCI method)436420121(5.9)21(5.9)Aqueous Photolysis73.3(140)Aerobic Soil Metab.0001020970(266)Unextracted residues(not applicable)Aerobic Soil Metab.4047050260.3(180)80.4(180)62.2(367)59.5(367)74.8(367)62.2(367)Carbon dioxideFormula:CO2MW:44.1 g/molSMILES:O=C=OC OOAerobic Soil Metab.4047050224.2(367)12.4(367)24.2(367)12.4(367)23.3(367)23.3(367)MINOR (<10%) TRANSFORMATION PRODUCTSN-methylbentazon ) –drinking water degradate ofconcernFormula:C11H14N2O3SMW:254.31 g/molSMILES:O=C1N(C(C)C)S(=O)(=O)N(C)c2ccccc12MobilityWater solubility:135.43 mg/L (EPI Suite estimate)Koc:10 L/kg (MCI method)NNSO2OCH3CH3CH3Aerobic Soil Metab.404705023.8 (367)2.3 (367)1.8 (367)3.8 (367)2.3 (367)1.8 (367)7576Chemical Name, Solubility, and KOCChemical StructureStudy TypeMRIDLabel,Maximum%AR (day)Final %AR(study length)8-Cl-bentazonFormula:C10H11ClN2O3SMW:274.72 g/molSMILES:O=C1N(C(C)C)S(=O)(=O)Nc2c(Cl)cccc12MobilityWater solubility:62.32 mg/L (EPI Suite estimate)Koc:11.23 L/kg (MCI method)NNHSO2OCH3CH3ClAerobic Soil Metab.404705020.6 (270)0.6 (180)1.2 (90)0.4 (367)< 1.0 (367)0.4 (367)Photoproduct 11 (MRID 00040785)Formula:C21H23N3O4SMW:413.49 g/molSMILES:C1(=O)c2c(ccc(N3c4c(C(=O)N3C(C)C)cccc4)c2)NS(=O)(=O)C1C(C)CMobilityWater solubility:133.99 mg/L (EPI Suite estimate)Koc:260.6 L/kg (MCI method)NNHNSO2OCH3CH3NOCH3CH3Soil Photolysis000407855.3 (5)5.3 (5)Aqueous Photolysis00161294pH 5: 9.2 (10.7)pH 7: 3.4 (4.8)pH 9: <1 (1.3)pH 5: 9.2 (10.7)pH 7: 3.4 (4.8)pH 9: <1 (1.3)Photoproduct C (MRIDs 00161294, 4364201)IUPAC:1-{N-(1-methylethyl)}-2-sulfoamino benzamideFormula:C10H14N2O3S6.5 (5.9)4364201Aqueous PhotolysisMW:242.29 g/molSMILES:C(=O)(c1c(NS(=O)=O)cccc1)NC(C)CMobilityWater solubility:49452 mg/L (EPI Suite estimate)Koc:10 L/kg (MCI method)NHNOCH3CH3SO3HH6.5 (5.9)

### Appendix D: Results of ECOSAR Modeling

ECOSAR is a screening-level tool based on chemical struct ures developed by the USEPA’s Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Preven tion for rapid screening of chemicals for ecotoxicity hazards. The modeling results show th at all degradates are slightly more toxic than parent bentazon, especially the phot oproduct 12 and 13 which are about 32, 98, 18, 31, and 16 times more toxic for fresh water fish, daphnids, green algae, saltwater fish and saltwater mysids, respectively. The estimated toxicity values by th e ECOSAR for bentazon are similar to observed toxicity values from the submitted studies.

Endpoint (mg/L)

Bentazon ECOSAR Class: Amides Bentazon O-amino-N-isopropyl benzamide

Observed AIBA ECOSAR Class: Amides Taxon

Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Fish 123.7 0.2 >100 >9.8 72.2 0.1 Daphnids 158.6 7.2 >100 101.2 86.6 4.3 Green algae 3.6 3.0 4.5 0.9 2.2 1.9 Saltwater fish 108.9 - >136 - 63.7 - Saltwater mysids 6.2 - >133 - 3.8 -

Endpoint (mg/L) O-nitro-N-isopropyl benzamide (7) ECOSAR Class: Amides O-nitroso-Nisopropylbenzamide (8)

ECOSAR Class: Photoproduct 10

Amides Upper ECOSAR Class: Amides Taxon

Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Fish 69.8 0.1 59.1 0.1 28.2 0.07 Daphnids 79.3 4.2 65.6 3.6 22.2 2.0 Green algae 2.2 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.0 1.3 Saltwater fish 61.6 - 52.2 - 25.1 - Saltwater mysids 3.8 - 3.3 - 2.0 -

Endpoint (mg/L) Photoproduct 10 Lower ECOSAR Class: Amides Photoproduct 12 and 13 ECOSAR Class: Amides N-methylbentazon ECOSAR Class: Amides Taxon

Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Fish 33.9 0.08 3.9 0.03 53.2 0.1 Daphnids 28.1 2.4 1.6 0.4 53.0 3.4 Green algae 1.2 1.5 0.2 0.5 1.8 1.8 Saltwater fish 30.1 - 3.5 - 47.1 - Saltwater mysids 2.3 - 0.4 - 3.2 -



### Page 77 of 140

### Appendix E Summary of Sodi um Bentazon Toxicity
Species 1 Exposure Scenario % AI Toxicity MRID

Bluegill sunfish ( Lepomis macrochirus ) 96 hr (static) 94.0 LC 50 > 100 mg ae/L 00161299 00161300

Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) 96-hr 42.2 48.9 LC 50 > 100 mg ae/L 40432803 40450001 41922801

Rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri ) 96-hr N/A LC 50 = 190 mg ae/L 00041075

48-hr 44.3 LC 50 = 64 mg ae/L 95% C.I.: 54.6 – 75.1 mg ai/L

NOAEC = 18 mg ai/L 00106240

48-hr 48.9 LC 50 > 500 mg ai/L 00161304

48-hr 94.0 LC 50 > 100 mg ai/L 00161303 Waterflea (Daphnia magna)
21 day chronic toxicity (static renewal) 91.9 NOAEC: 101.2 mg ai/L LOAEC: >101.2 mg ai/L Endpoint(s) affected: None 48970705

Midge ( Chironomus riparius ) 48-hr >95 LC 50 = 62.3 mg ai/L 2 Maenpaa et al. 2003. ECOTOX Ref. # 72621

Fathead minnow ( Pimephales promelas ) 96-hr 91.9 LC50: >113.5 mg ai/L 95% C.I.: N/A NOAEC: 113.5 mg ai/L Probit Slope: N/A 95% C.I.: N/A

Endpoint(s) affected: None 48970704

Fathead minnow ( Pimephales promelas ) Early LifeCycle (flowthrough) 91.9 NOAEC: 9.83 mg ai/L LOAEC: >9.83 mg ai/L

Endpoint(s) affected: None 48970706

Sheepshead minnow ( Cyprinodon variegatus ) 96-hr (flowthrough) 53 LC 50 > 136 mg ai/L 42129601

Mysid shrimp ( Mysidopsis bahia ) 96 hr (flowthrough) 53 EC 50 > 133 mg ai/L 42129602

Eastern oyster ( Crassostrea virginica ) 96-hr 53 EC 50 > 109 mg ai/L 42293501

Pacific oyster ( Crassostrea gigas ) 13-day microcosm study measuring 100 NOAEL = 7.04 μg ai/L 2 LOAEL = 45.8 μg ai/L

Reduced increase in shell area index StachowskiHaberkorn et al., 2008, ECOTOX Ref



### Page 78 of 140Species 1 Exposure Scenario % AI Toxicity MRID

shell growth of spat # 111918

Green algae (Selenastrum capricornutum) Growth and Reproduction 120 hr 53 EC 50 = 4.5 mg ai/L (revised) NOAEC = 0.9 mg ai/L (revised) LOAEC = 1.7 mg ai/L 42129603

Aquatic Algae (Anabaena flosaquae) Growth and Reproduction 120 hr 53 EC 50 = 10.13 mg ai/L NOAEC = 3.04 mg ai/L LOAEC = 6.28 mg ai/L 42129604

Aquatic Algae (Skeletonema costatum) Growth and Reproduction 120 hr 53 EC 50 = 10.1 mg ai/L NOAEC = 3.7 mg ai/L LOAEC = 7.1 mg ai/L 42129609

Freshwater diatom ( Navicula pelliculosa ) 96-hr acute toxicity study 91.99 EC05: 8.5 mg ai/L 95% C.I.: 6.0 - 10.4 mg ai/L EC50: 31.2 mg ai/L 95% C.I.: 29.2 - 33.4 mg ai/L NOAEC: 12.9 mg ai/L Probit Slope: N/A

The most sensitive endpoint(s): Yield 48970703

Marine diatom ( Chaetoceros gracilis ) Growth and Reproduction 72 hr 48 EC 50 = 0.06 mg ai/L 1 NOAEL = 0.01 mg ai/L LOAEL = 0.05 mg ai/L Hourmant et al., 2009, ECOTOX Ref # 114118

Duckweed (Lemma gibba ) Growth and Reproduction (14 day) EC 50 = 5.35 mg ai/L NOAEC = 1.53 mg ai/L LOAEC = 3.06 mg ai/L 42129605 53

14-d 94 LD 50 = 1171 mg ai/kg bw NOAEL = 500 mg ai/kg bw 00161296

8-d LD 50 > 5000 mg ai/kg bw NOAEL = 2500 mg ai/kg bw 00161297 94 Dietary

8-d Dietary 42 LD 50 > 4200 mg ai/kg bw 00108851 Northern Bobwhite Quail ( Colinus virginianus ) Avian Reproduction (1 generation?) 98 NOAEL = 800 ppm ai LOAEL > 800 ppm ai

No sub-lethal effect obse rved at the highest dose 44337801

Japanese Quail ( Coturnix coturnix Japonica ) 14-d 50 LD 50 = 720 mg ai/kg bw ?? 95% C.I.: 649 – 799 mg ai/kg bw (was invalid because of the species) Should consider to validate it because of the more sensitive endpoint—HZ) 00041077

21-d 50 LD 50 = 14,483 mg ai/kg bw 00041804

8-d 42 LC 50 = 4830 mg ai/kg diet 3 NOAEL= 903 mg ai/kg diet 3 00108850 Mallard Duck ( A nas platyrhynchos ) NOAEL = 800 ppm ai Avian Reproduction

(22 weeks) 98 LOAEL > 800 ppm ai

No sub-lethal effect obse rved at the highest dose 44227402



### Page 79 of 140Species 1 Exposure Scenario % AI Toxicity MRID

Zebra Finch ( Taeniopygia guttata ) 14-d (acute oral) 100 LD 50 : 281 mg ai/kg bw NOAEC: 160 mg ai/kg bw (95% C.I.: 235-337 mg ai/kg bw)

Endpoint(s) affected : Mortality and sublethal effects (apathy and increased respiration rate 49141203

Acute Oral 94 LD 50 = 1480 mg ai/kg bw 00092065, 00064314

Acute Neurotoxicity 100 NOAEL = 50 mg ai/kg bw LOAEL = 150 mg ai/kg bw

Decreased motor activity in males on day 0 48970707 Rat ( Rattus norvegicus )

2-generation reproduction 97.8 NOAEL = 15 mg ai/kg/day LOAEL = 62 mg ai/kg/day

Reduced pup growth (body weight gain) during lactation. 41054902

Honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) 48-hr (contact) 94 LD 50 > 100 μ g ai/bee 00161305

Seedling Emergence Ryegrass (Monocots) 53 EC 25 > 1 lb ae/A NOAEL = 0.11 lb ai/A (dry weight) 42129607

Vegetative Vigor Onion (Monocots) 53 EC 25 = 0.16 lb ai/A NOAEL= 0.125 lb ai/A (plant height) 42129606

Seedling Emergence Lettuce (Dicots) 53 EC 25 = 0.13 lb ai/A NOAEL = 0.11 lb ai/A (dry weight) 42129607

Vegetative Vigor Cabbage (Dicots) 53 IC 25 = 0.046 lb ai/A NOAEL= 0.025 lb ai/A (dry weight) 42129606

1 Birds represent surrogates for terrest rial-phase amphibians and reptiles; fish serve as surrogate species for aquatic phase.
2 This result was obtained from the EC OTOX database. The Agency will review this study before determining if this result is appropriate for use in the ecological risk assessment.
3 The percent active ingredient of the test material used in the mallard avian reproduction study (MRID 00108850) was not stated in the study report. To be protective, results were calculated based on a conservative assumption that the test ma terial contained 42% active ingredient.



### Page 80 of 140

### Appendix F SWCC Input Parameters and Representative Results

Table F-1 . SWCC Input Parameters for Bentazon
Parameter Input Value Source Comment

Application Rate, Number of application/year, Retreatment Interval, and SWCC Scenario Se Table 2.1 Current Labels and Discussions with Registrants Table 2.1 reflects the maximum application rates and number of annual applications and minimum retreatment interval and documents the SWCC scenarios modelled.
Application method Foliar Current Labels -- Molecular Weight 240.3 g/mol TRID 470166029 Water Solubility 570 mg/L at 22°C TRID 470166029 Henry’s Law Constant 5.55 × 10 -11 atm m 3 /mol Calculated 2 Hydrolysis half-life 1197 days 1 TRID 4470233029
Aqueous Photolysis halflife 6.46 days MRIDs 41448001, 41432401 and 43431904 Aerobic Soil Metabolism Half-life 62.7 days at 25°C MRID 40470502 Aerobic Aquatic Metabolism Half-life 848 days at 25°C MRID 404705504
Anaerobic Aquatic Metabolism Half-life 3555 days at 25°C MRID 40470503

Kd 0.898 MRIDs 44703502, 44703503, 45640401, 45084901

1 DT 50s were recalculated using NAFTA Guidance for Evaluating and Calcul ating Degradation Kinetics in Environmental Media (USEPA 2012). Appendix X contains revised estimated half-lives.
2 http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/models/w at er/input_parameter_guidance.htm



### Total Toxic Residue for Water colu mn: Aerial KS Corn Scenario

Variable Volume Water Model, SWCC Compatible Version

******************************************* Performed on: 9/29/2014 at 13:56

Peak 1-in-10 = 88.2 ppb Chronic 1-in-10 = 57.0 ppb Simulation Avg = 36.4 ppb 4-day avg 1-in-10 = 87.8 ppb 21-day avg 1-in-10 = 86.4 ppb 60-day avg 1-in-10 = 83.3 ppb 90-day avg 1-in-10 = 80.6 ppb

Benthic Pore Water Peak 1-in-10 = 66.9 ppb Benthic Pore Water 21-day avg 1-in-10 = 66.8 ppb Benthic Conversion Factor = 0.406 -Pore water (ug/L) to (total mass, ug)/(dry sed mass,kg) Benthic Mass Fraction in Pore Water = 0.912

YEAR Peak 4-day 21-day 60-day 90-day Yearly Avg Benthic Pk Benthic 21-day 1 2.18E+01 2.18E+01 2.15E+01 2.06E+01 1.99E+01 1.11E+01 1.58E+01 1.58E+01 2 2.67E+01 2.66E+01 2.62E+01 2.52E+01 2.43E+01 1.80E+01 2.08E+01 2.08E+01



### Page 81 of 1403 3.34E+01 3.33E+01 3.27E+01 3.13E+01 3.02E+01 2.21E+01 2.57E+01 2.57E+01 4 3.30E+01 3.29E+01 3.23E+01 3.13E+01 3.04E+01 2.35E+01 2.66E+01 2.66E+01 5 3.40E+01 3.38E+01 3.33E+01 3.23E+01 3.13E+01 2.43E+01 2.74E+01 2.74E+01 6 3.23E+01 3.22E+01 3.16E+01 3.04E+01 2.95E+01 2.31E+01 2.59E+01 2.59E+01 7 3.27E+01 3.26E+01 3.21E+01 3.11E+01 3.03E+01 2.34E+01 2.65E+01 2.65E+01 8 4.81E+01 4.79E+01 4.72E+01 4.55E+01 4.41E+01 3.12E+01 3.70E+01 3.69E+01 9 8.83E+01 8.79E+01 8.65E+01 8.35E+01 8.08E+01 5.46E+01 6.65E+01 6.65E+01 10 6.27E+01 6.24E+01 6.14E+01 5.89E+01 5.75E+01 4.89E+01 5.65E+01 5.74E+01 11 5.45E+01 5.44E+01 5.39E+01 5.20E+01 5.03E+01 4.03E+01 4.47E+01 4.47E+01 12 4.39E+01 4.37E+01 4.29E+01 4.16E+01 4.05E+01 3.34E+01 3.66E+01 3.66E+01 13 4.08E+01 4.07E+01 4.01E+01 3.87E+01 3.76E+01 3.00E+01 3.34E+01 3.34E+01 14 4.74E+01 4.72E+01 4.63E+01 4.42E+01 4.27E+01 3.20E+01 3.66E+01 3.66E+01 15 4.17E+01 4.16E+01 4.08E+01 3.94E+01 3.82E+01 3.06E+01 3.41E+01 3.40E+01 16 4.45E+01 4.43E+01 4.37E+01 4.20E+01 4.05E+01 3.07E+01 3.50E+01 3.49E+01 17 4.05E+01 4.03E+01 3.96E+01 3.81E+01 3.69E+01 2.96E+01 3.28E+01 3.28E+01 18 4.79E+01 4.77E+01 4.69E+01 4.53E+01 4.39E+01 3.26E+01 3.75E+01 3.75E+01 19 4.01E+01 3.99E+01 3.92E+01 3.77E+01 3.65E+01 2.99E+01 3.29E+01 3.29E+01 20 3.73E+01 3.72E+01 3.65E+01 3.53E+01 3.42E+01 2.68E+01 3.02E+01 3.02E+01 21 6.64E+01 6.62E+01 6.54E+01 6.29E+01 6.08E+01 4.12E+01 5.01E+01 5.01E+01 22 8.75E+01 8.72E+01 8.56E+01 8.20E+01 7.93E+01 5.72E+01 6.69E+01 6.69E+01 23 6.14E+01 6.12E+01 6.01E+01 5.77E+01 5.69E+01 4.75E+01 5.61E+01 5.70E+01 24 4.89E+01 4.87E+01 4.78E+01 4.62E+01 4.49E+01 3.72E+01 4.08E+01 4.08E+01 25 5.70E+01 5.67E+01 5.56E+01 5.32E+01 5.14E+01 3.86E+01 4.42E+01 4.41E+01 26 8.02E+01 7.98E+01 7.85E+01 7.52E+01 7.27E+01 5.17E+01 6.10E+01 6.09E+01 27 5.59E+01 5.56E+01 5.47E+01 5.30E+01 5.18E+01 4.40E+01 5.11E+01 5.19E+01 28 5.07E+01 5.05E+01 4.96E+01 4.80E+01 4.66E+01 3.71E+01 4.13E+01 4.13E+01 29 1.18E+02 1.17E+02 1.15E+02 1.11E+02 1.08E+02 7.01E+01 8.80E+01 8.79E+01 30 9.51E+01 9.47E+01 9.35E+01 8.97E+01 8.67E+01 7.12E+01 7.82E+01 7.81E+01

********************************************************************************************* ******* Effective compartment halflives averaged over simulation duration:

zero washout 0 water col metab halflife (days) = 1634.65337111391 hydrolysis halflife (days) = 1196.99051767483 photolysis halflife (days) = 751.628654299787 volatile halflife (days) = 300693.558582580 total water col halflife (days) = 359.589496077175

zero burial 0 benthic metab halflife (days) = 6852.82162064853 benthic hydrolysis halflife (days) = 1313.08191516794 total benthic halflife (days) = 1101.93759924766
*********************************************************************** Fractional Contribution of Transport Processes to Waterbody & Total Mass (kg):

Due to Runoff = 0.4635 7.984 Due to Erosion = 0.0000 0.5590E-03 Due to Drift = 0.5365 9.240
*********************************************************************** Flow in/out Characteristics of Waterbody: Average Daily Runoff Into Waterbody (m3/s) = 8.385461856625667E-004 Baseflow Into Waterbody (m3/s) = 0.000000000000000E+000 Average Daily Flow Out of Waterbody (m3/s) = 8.385461856625857E-004
*********************************************************************** Inputs: 0.8980 = oc partitioning coefficient 848.0 = water column half Life 25.00 = reference temp for water column degradation 3555. = benthic Half Life 25.00 = Reference temp for benthic degradation 2.000 = Q ten value 6.460 = photolysis half life 40.00 = reference latitude for photolysis study 1197. = hydrolysis half life 240.3 = molecular wt 0.1280E-05 = vapor pressure 570.0 = solubility 0.1000E+06 = field area 0.1000E+05 = water body area 2.000 = initial depth



### Page 82 of 1402.000 = maximum depth 2 1=vvwm, 2=usepa pond, 3 = usepa reservoir, 4 = const vol no flow, 5 = const vol w/flow F T = burial, else no burial 0.1000E-07 = mass transfer coefficient 0.5000 = PRBEN 0.5000E-01 = benthic compartment depth 0.5000 = benthic porosity 1.350 = benthic bulk density 0.4000E-01 = OC frcation in benthic sediment 5.000 = DOC in benthic compartment 0.6000E-02 = benthic biomass 1.190 = DFAC 30.00 = SS 0.5000E-02 = chlorophyll 0.4000E-01 = OC frcation in water column SS 5.000 = DOC in water column 0.4000 = biomass in water column FRACTION AREA CROPPED = 1.00000000000000


### Figure F-1. Yearly Peak Concentrations

Page 83 of 140

### Appendix G: Representative T-REX Input and Output 

## Upper Bound Kenaga Residues For RQ Calculation

Chemical Name: Bentazon

Use 69
Formulation Basagran Application Rate 1 lbs a.i./acre
Half-life 35 days Application Interval 5 days Maximum # Apps./Year 2 Length of Simulation 1 year Variable application rates? yes



## Endpoints

Zebra finch LD50 (mg/kg-bw) 281.00

Mallard

duck) LC50 (mg/kg-diet) 4830.00
Zebra finch NOAEL(mg/kg-bw) 160.00 

# Avian

Mallard duck NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) 903.00

LD50 (mg/kg-bw) 1480.00 LC50 (mg/kg-diet) 0.00 NOAEL (mg/kg-bw) 15.00 

# Mammals

NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) 300.00

Kenaga 

# Dietary-based EECs (ppm) Values Short Grass 446.06 Tall Grass 204.44 Broadleaf plants 250.91 Fruits/pods/seeds 27.88 Arthropods 174.71



### Page 84 of 140

### Avian Results

Avian Body Ingestion (Fdry) Ingestion (Fwet) % body wgt FI Class Weight (g) (g bw/day) (g/day) consumed (kg-diet/day)
Small 20 5 2 3 114 2.28E-02

Mid 100 13 65 65 6.49E-02 Large 1000 58 291 29 2.91E-01 20 5 5 25 5.06E-03 Granivores 100 13 14 14 1.44E-02 1000 58 65 6 6.46E-02

Avian Body Adjusted LD50

Weight (g) (mg/kg-bw) 20 305.32 100 388.69 1000 549.04

small mid large 20 100 1000 Short Grass 508.02 289.69 129.70 Tall Grass 232.84 132.78 59.45 Broadleaf plants 285.76 162.95 72.96 Fruits/pods 31.75 18.11 8.11 Arthropods 198.97 113.46 50.80 Seeds 7.06 4.02 1.80



### 20 100 1000
Short Grass 1.66 0.75 0.24 Tall Grass 0.76 0.34 0.11 Broadleaf plants 0.94 0.42 0.13 Fruits/pods 0.10 0.05 0.01 Arthropods 0.65 0.29 0.09 Seeds 0.02 0.01 0.00 

# Di e t ary- b ase d RQ s (D i e ta r y -b a s e d E E C / L C 5 0 o r

Acute Chronic
Short Grass 0.09 0.49 Tall Grass 0.04 0.23 Broadleaf plants 0.05 0.28 Fruits/pods/seeds 0.01 0.03 Arthropods 0.04 0.19

Note: To provide risk management with the maximum possible information, it is recommended that both the dose-based and concentration-based RQs be calculated when data are available 

## Dose-based EECs
(mg/kg-bw) Avian Classes and Body Weights (grams)



# Dose-based RQs
(Dose-based EEC/adjusted LD50)

RQs Avian Acute RQs Size Class (grams)



### Page 85 of 140

### Mammalian Results

Mammalian Body Ingestion (Fdry) Ingestion (Fwet) % body wgt FI Class Weight (g bwt/day) (g/day) consumed (kg-diet/day) 15 3 14 95 1.43E-02 Herbivores/ 35 5 23 66 2.31E-02 insectivores 1000 31 153 15 1.53E-01 15 3 3 21 3.18E-03 Grainvores 35 5 5 15 5.13E-03 1000 31 34 3 3.40E-02

Mammalian Body Adjusted Adjusted Class Weight LD50 NOAEL 15 2417.61 32.97 Herbivores/ 35 1956.11 26.67 insectivores 1000 846.08 11.54 15 2417.61 32.97 Granivores 35 1956.11 26.67 1000 846.08 11.54

15 35 1000 Short Grass 425.28 293.93 68.15 Tall Grass 194.92 134.72 31.23 Broadleaf plants 239.22 165.33 38.33 Fruits/pods 26.58 18.37 4.26 Arthropods 166.57 115.12 26.69 Seeds 5.91 4.08 0.95

15 grams 35 grams 1000 grams Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Acute Chronic Short Grass 0.13 12.90 0.11 11.02 0.06 5.91 Tall Grass 0.06 5.91 0.05 5.05 0.03 2.71 Broadleaf plants 0.07 7.26 0.06 6.20 0.03 3.32 Fruits/pods 0.01 0.81 0.01 0.69 0.00 0.37 Arthropods 0.05 5.05 0.04 4.32 0.02 2.31 Seeds 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.08

Acute Chronic
Short Grass #DIV/0! 1.49 Tall Grass #DIV/0! 0.68 Broadleaf plants #DIV/0! 0.84 Fruits/pods/seeds #DIV/0! 0.09 Arthropods #DIV/0! 0.58

Note: To provide risk management with the maximum possible information, it is recommended that both the dose-based and concentration-based RQs be calculated when data are available 

### Dose-Based EECs (mg/kg-bw) (grams) Mammalian Classes and Body weight



### Dietary-based RQs
(Dietary-based EEC/LC50 or NOAEC ) Mammal RQs Medium mammal Large mammal 

### Dose-based RQs
(Dose-based EEC/LD50 or Small mammal



### Page 86 of 140

### Appendix H: SIP Input and Output

Table 1. Inputs Parameter Value Chemical name Bentazon Solubility (in water at 25 o C; mg/L) 570

Mammalian LD 50 (mg/kg-bw) 1480 Mammalian test species laboratory rat Body weight (g) of "other" mammalian species
Mammalian NOAEL (mg/kg-bw) Mammalian test species laboratory rat Body weight (g) of "other" mammalian species

Avian LD 50 (mg/kg-bw) 281 Avian test species other Body weight (g) of "other" avian species 11.5 Mineau scaling factor 1.15 Mallard NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) 800 Bobwhite quail NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) 800 NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) for other bird species Body weight (g) of other avian species NOAEC (mg/kg-diet) for 2nd other bird species Body weight (g) of 2nd other avian species

Enter body weight of 'other' avian species for LD50.

Table 2. Mammalian Results Parameter Acute Chronic Upper bound exposure (mg/kg-bw) 98.0400 98.0400 Adjusted toxicity value (mg/kg-bw) 1138.3576 0.0000 Ratio of exposure to toxicity 0.0861 0.0000

Conclusion* Drinking water exposure alone is NOT a potential

concern for mammals Due to insufficient data, risk cannot be precluded

Table 3. Avian Results Parameter Acute Chronic Upper bound exposure (mg/kg-bw) 461.7000 461.7000 Adjusted toxicity value (mg/kg-bw) 305.3206 39.6901 Ratio of exposure to acute toxicity 1.5122 11.6326

Conclusion* Exposure through drinking water alone is a potential concern for birds Exposure through drinking water alone is a potential concern for birds

*Conclusion is for drinking water exposure alone. This does not combine all routes of exposure. Therefore, when aggregated with other routes ( i.e ., diet, inhalation, dermal), pesticide exposure through drinking water may contribute to a total exposure that has potential for effects to non-target animals.



### Page 87 of 140

### Appendix I : TerrPlant Input and Output (Bean)

TerrPlant v. 1.2.2 Green values signify user inputs (Tables 1, 2 and 4). Input and output guidance is in popups indicated by red arrows.

Table 1. Chemical Identity.
Chemical Name Bentazon PC code 103901 Use Bean Application Method Aerial

Application Form Spray Solubility in Water (ppm) 570

Table 2. Input parameters used to derive EECs. Input Parameter Symbol Value Units Application Rate A 1.5 y

Incorporation I 1 none Runoff Fraction R 0.05 none

Drift Fraction D 0.05 none

Table 3. EECs for Bentazon. Units in y. Description Equation EEC Runoff to dry areas (A/I)*R 0.075 Runoff to semi-aquatic areas (A/I)*R*10 0.75 Spray drift A*D 0.075 Total for dry areas ((A/I)*R)+(A*D) 0.15 Total for semi-aquatic areas ((A/I)*R*10)+(A*D) 0.825

Table 4. Plant survival and growth data used for RQ derivation. Units are in y. Seedling Emergence Vegetative Vigor Plant type EC 25 NOAEC EC 25 NOAEC

Monocot 0.11 0.16 0.125

Dicot 0.13 0.11 0.046 0.025

Table 5. RQ values for plants in dry and semi-aquatic areas exposed to Bentazon through runoff and/or spray drift.* Plant Type Listed Status Dry Semi-Aquatic Spray Drift

Monocot non-listed #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 0.47 Monocot listed 1.36 7.50 0.68

Dicot non-listed 1.15 6.35 1.63 Dicot listed 1.36 7.50 3.00 *If RQ > 1.0, the LOC is exceeded, resulti ng in potential for risk to that plant group.



### Page 88 of 140

### Page 89 of 140 

### Appendix J. Review of Open Literature Toxicity Data Available for Bentazon

A review of available bentazon toxicity data in the scientific literature wa s conducted using ECOTOX. ECOTOX was searched in September 2014. This review was tiered. The first tier involved identifying potentia l endpoints that may re present more sensitive values compared to the registrant submitted-data and identifying any data that may be used when gaps existed. This was accomplished using excel spreadsheets contai ning summaries of the endpoints for bentazon. The most sensitive endpoints and used for this first tier are included in Table 1. Data gaps included: toxicity to honey bee larvae and chro nic toxicity to adult hone y bees. Tier II of the review involved a review of the publications for the endpoints of interest identified in Tier I.

### Table 1. Most sensitive bentazon endpoints by taxa from registrant submitted studies.
Taxa Species Exposure Toxicity endpoint MRID Rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri ) 96-hr LC 50 = 190 mg ai/L 41075 Fish and aquatic-phase amphibians Fathead minnows ( Pimephales promelas ) Early Life Cycle NOAEC: 9.83 mg ai/L LOAEC: >9.83 mg ai/L 48970706

48-hr LC 50 > 100 mg ai/L 161303 Aquatic invertebrates Waterflea ( Daphnia magna ) 21 day chronic toxicity NOAEC: 101.2 mg ai/L LOAEC: >101.2 mg ai/L 48970705

EC 50 = 4.5 mg ai/L Green algae (Selenastrum capricornutum) 120 hr; Growth and Reproduction NOAEC = 0.9 mg ai/L LOAEC = 1.7 mg ai/L 42129603 Aquatic plants

EC 50 = 5.35 mg ai/L Duc kweed 14 day; Growth and Reproduction NOAEC = 1.53 mg ai/L LOAEC = 3.06 mg ai/L (Lemma gibba ) 42129605

Zebra Finch ( Taeniopygia guttata ) 14-d (acute oral) LD 50 : 281 mg ai/kg bw (95% C.I.: 235-337) 49141203

8-d LC 50 = 4830 mg ai/kg diet 108850 Birds and terrestrial-phase amphibians Mallard Duck ( Anas platyrhynchos ) Avian Repro (22 wk) NOAEL = 800 ppm ai LOAEL >800 ppm ai 44227402

Acute Oral LD 50 = 1480 mg ai/kg bw 00092065, 00064314 Mammals

Rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) 2-generation reproduction NOAEL = 15 mg ai/kg/day LOAEL = 62 mg ai/kg/day Reduced pup growth (body weight gain) during lactation. 41054902

Terrestrial insects Honey bee ( Apis mellifera ) 48-hr (contact) LD 50 > 100 μ g ai/bee 161305

Ryegrass (monocot) EC 25 not available NOAEL = 0.125 lb ai/A
Lettuce (dicot) Seedling Emergence EC 25 = 0.13 lb ai/A (dry weight) NOAEL = 0.125 lb ai/A 42129607 Terrestrial and semi-aquatic plants

= 0.04 lb ai/A EC 25 Onion (monocot) N OAEL= 0.02 lb ai/A (dry weight) Veg etative Vigor EC 25 = 0.046 lb ai/A (dry C abbage (dicot) weig ht) NOAEL= 0.025 lb ai/A 42129606



### Page 90 of 140

### The sections below include a summary of the review of the ECOTOX database for bentazon. Attachments 1-6 include open literature reviews fo r several studies that are more sensitive than the endpoints summarized in Table 1. Attachment 7 includes the bibliography of toxicity studies involving bentazon that ar e included in ECOTOX.

Fish

There are 6 endpoints for fish from 2 studies. Th ere are no endpoints below the values in Table 1.

Amphibians and reptiles

There are no toxicity data in ECOTOX involving exposures of amphibians to bentazon.

Aquatic invertebrates

There are 13 endpoints from 3 studi es. Endpoints available from a ll three studies are below the values provided in Table 1 for D. magna . Endpoints include LC50s, EC50s and NOAELs. ECOTOX reference numbers include: 69821, 72621, and 111918. These studies were investigated further.

Study 69821 investigated impacts of bentazon (formulated product) on the growth and survival of protozoa. This study was not co nsidered further because protozoa are not used as surrogate test species for multicellula r aquatic invertebrates.

S tudy 72621 investigated the toxicity and bio accumulation of bentazon (TGAI) in sediment dwelling invertebrates, specifically Chironomus riparius and Lubmriculus variegatus . The 48-h LC50 values for these species (in water-only exposures) were 62.3 and 79.1, respectively. For C. riparius , the 10-d NOAEC was 465 mg/kg-dw sedi ment, with a LOAEC of 1160, where decreases in weight and lengt h were observed. The results of this study are considered quantitative, and can therefore be used in th e risk assessment to derive RQs for aquatic invertebrates inhabiting the water column and the sediment. As e xpected based on the solubility and Kow of this chemical, bioaccumulation was lo w. Attachment 1 includes the review of this study.

Study 111918 investigated the effects of the he rbicide bentazon (formulated product called Basamaïs) and the fungicide epoxiconazo le on spat of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas in an in-situ microcosm study. The review for this st udy is included in Attachment 2. This study was considered qualitative and should only be used fo r characterization purpos es. The endpoint is a NOAEC of 7.04 μg ai/L, based on effects to growth observed at 45.76 μg ai/L. It should be noted that there is uncertainty associated with the use of this study, since it involved a formulated product that is not registered in the US. The relationship between the formulation used in this study and the formulations registered in th e US is unknown. As noted previously by EFED 6 

### , it

6 

### DP Barcode 308375, August 19, 2010, Memo titled “EFED response to comments on preliminary work plan for sodium bentazon (103 901) concerning use of ecological effects data,”

Page 91 of 140

### would be useful if the registrant submits a confid ential statement of formula for Basamaïs so that the formulation can be compared to those register ed in the US. Available acute toxicity data for Daphnia magna exposed to Basagran (48.9% a.i.; LC50>500 mg/L; MRID 161304), which is a formulated product registered in th e US does not suggest that this formulation is more toxic than the technical grade material (LC50 = 125 mg/L; MRID 161303).

Aquatic plants

ECOTOX includes 215 endpoints from 24 studies. 175 of these endpoi nts were excluded from further consideration because of the following:

- EC10 values not used because they are not standard ( i.e., EC50, NOEC or EC05)

- Endpoints corresponding to exposure durati ons <3 or >5 days (non-standard);

- Studies with duration defined as “hv” (harvest), “gs” (growing season) and “lf” (lifetime) (durations not quantified).

Nine studies remained after ex clusions were applied. Endpoints expressed in molarity were converted to concentration basis ( i.e., for bentazon, 1mM = 240 mg/L ). Two EC50 values are below the registrant submitted value in Ta ble 1 (from studies 114118 and 115620). Three NOEC values are below the registrant submitted value in Table 1 (from study 114118 and 109342). A PDF of 115620 could not be loca ted by EPA/ORD, therefore, this study was not reviewed. Studies 109342 and 114118 are discussed below. Study 109342 examined growth effects on the marine vascular plant, eel grass. Significant decreases in growth (65%) compar ed to control were observed in organisms exposed for 72-h to 10 μM (2400 μg/L). The resulting NOEC is 1 μM (240 μg/L). This study is considered scientifically sound and can be used qualitative to characterize potentia l impacts of bentazon on the growth of aquatic plants. Limitations of this study include: use of wild-caught organisms (previous chemical exposures are unknown), us e of only 4 treatment concentrations, short duration. A review of this study is included in Attachment 3. Study 114118 examined growth effects on marine diatoms exposed to technical bentazon and a formulated product, Basamaïs. In this study, th e EC50 for the formulated product (60 μg ai/L) exposure was 4 orders of magnitude lower than that of the bentazon technical exposure (120,000 μg ai/L), indicating that the formulated product is substantially more toxic compared to the active ingredient alone. This st udy is considered scientifically valid, but should be used for characterization purposes due to study deviations from the st andard guideline and due to uncertainty associated with the use of a formulat ed product that is not registered in the US. The relationship between the formulati on used in this study and the form ulations registered in the US is unknown. It would be useful if the registrant submits a confiden tial statement of formula for Basamaïs so that the formulation can be compared to those registered in th e US. A review of this study is provided in Attachment 4.

Birds

ECOTOX includes two endpoi nts from one study involving exposur es of birds to bentazon. In this study, chicken eggs were immersed in Basagr an and effects to hatching were examined. The

from F.N. Mastrota to K. Jakob

Page 92 of 140

### units were expressed as a percen tage, which does not allow for tran slation of the endpoint into an environmentally relevant exposure value. Therefore, this study is not used in the ecological risk assessment for bentazon.

Mammals

ECOTOX includes 9 endpoints from three separate studies. Tested species include the Norway rat, house mouse and domestic sheep. The sheep e ndpoint is less conservativ e than the registrant submitted data in Table 1. The mouse study (r eference 114119) generated endpoints that are orders of magnitude below the rat reproduction endpoint in Table 1. The rat study (reference 73826) is an acute study that had an endpoint belo w the acute registrant submitted study. Both of these study were investigated further.

Study 114119 reported “possible effects of bentaz on on male gametogenesis, when mice were exposed during foetal, neonatal a nd adult life” at levels of 0.014 mg a.i./kg-bw. Since effects to rats were not observed in the rat 2-gen study at a comparable level of exposure, this effect does not seem to translate to a reproductive effect. Therefore, this study will not be used in the
assessment.

Study 73826 reported behavioral eff ects in rats acutely exposed to bentazon (formulated as Basagran). LD50 values were reported for ra ts exposed to basagran only and basagran and phenobarbatol; however, no controls were include d, therefore, these data are not considered scientifically valid. No decrease in sleeping time was observed in rats exposed to bentazon compared to those not exposed. Therefore, this study will not be used in the assessment.

Terrestrial Invertebrates

There are 68 endpoints from 13 studies that involved exposures of arthropods, slugs, nematodes and worms to bentazon. The majority of these en dpoints were for arthropods. None of the data included exposures to honey bees . Data expressed in mass per ar ea (i.e., kg/ha or lb/A) were considered). Data expressed in other units (% or concentration) could not be translated to environmentally relevant units and thus were excluded from consideration. After these exclusions were applied, 9 st udies remained, 8 of which ha d endpoints below the maximum allowed application rate of 1.5 lb a.i./A (1.7 kg a.i./ha).

Studies investigating the effect s of bentazon on crop pests were not considered further. Those studies included 64790, 71052, 71756, 79821, 93889 and 98462. Two studies, 36590 and 53203, investigated effects to beneficial arth ropods. Those studies are described below.

Study 36590 investigated the effects of bentazon applied at 1 lb a.i. /A to beneficial arthropods on soybeans. In this study, no difference in th e number of predatory arthropods was observed between the control and bentazon treatments. This study may be used to characterize effects to beneficial arthropods following an application of 1 lb a.i./A. A review of this study is included in Attachment 5.

Study 53203 reported the mortality of Basagran to two species of earthworms. Worms were

Page 93 of 140

### exposed to the pesticide through tr eated filter paper. The LC50 fo r both studies is 1.3 lb a.i./A, which is below the maximum single application ra te allowed for this formulated product. This endpoint can be used qualitatively in an assessm ent. A review of this study is included in Attachment 6.

Terrestrial Plants

ECOTOX includes 1072 endpoint s involving terrestrial plants th at are from 125 studies. Only endpoints expressed as lb/A or kg/ha were considered as others c ould not be linked to application rate. There were no NOAEL values below the mo st sensitive value reported in Table 1 ( i.e., 0.025 lb/A).

Only one study (109542) included EC25 values. This study involved exposures to the formulated product, Basagran. The methodology asso ciated with this study appear s to be consistent with the OCSPP guideline for vegetative vigor; however , this study was not reviewed because EC25 values (Table 2) were above the most conserva tive values already avai lable from registrant submitted studies (Table 1). If additional informa tion is needed to characterize the effects of bentazon on terrestrial plants, th en this study should be review ed. Data provided in Table 2 should not be used in a risk a ssessment without reviewing the study.

Table 2. Vegetative vigor EC25 values based on dry weig ht from reference 109542. Study not reviewed at this time. Species Common name mono/dicot EC25 (lb/A) Confidence interval Raphanus sativus radish di 0.082 0.076-0.10 Fragaria virginiana thick-leaved strawberry di 0.084 0.054-0.16
Lactuca canadensis tall blue lettuce di 0.13 0.09-0.20 Asclepias syriaca common milkweed di 0.28 0.22-0.53

Lacuta sativa lettuce di 0.28 0.26-0.31 Solanum nigrum black nightshade di 0.46 0.34-1.5 Fragaria ananassa strawberry di 0.49 0.21-0.74

Vicia americana American vetch di 1.1 0.56-2.5 Solanum lycopersicon tomato di 1.2 0.77-2.2

Triticum aestivum wheat mono 2.7 NA Andropogon geradii big bluestem mono 4.1 NA

Zea mays corn mono No effect* NA
Glycine max soybean di No effect* NA

Poa compressa Canada bluegrass mono No effect* NA Elymus lanceolatus N. wheatgrass mono No effect* NA

Avena sativa oats mono No effect* NA NA = not available *Tested level not provided in article.



### Other taxa

Page 94 of 140

### Page 95 of 140 

### Fifty endpoints from 19 studies were available for non-standard taxa, including microbes and fungi. These data were not reviewed.

Conclusions

No changes to endpoints for fish, amphibians, reptil es, birds, mammals, terre strial plants. Table 3 includes additional endpoints that should be considered in the risk assessment for aquatic invertebrates, aquatic plants and terrestrial invertebrates.Table 3. Additional data from open literature that should be considered in risk assessment.TaxaSpeciesExposureEndpointUse in documentECOTOXreference#Acute (48-h);Water(only)LC50 = 62.3 (54.3-70.9) mga.i./L72621Midge, ChironomusripariusChronic(10 d);sedimentLOAEC = 20.9 mg/kg-dwAquaticinvertebrates(FW)72621(38% decrease in weight)Oligochaete,LubmriculusvariegatusAcute (48-h);Water(only)LC50 = 79.1 (73.0-84.0) mga.i./LQuantitative: These endpoints may beused to derive RQs for aquaticinvertebrates inhabiting the watercolumn and sediment. NOEC forchronic study was not established.72621Aquaticinvertebrates(SW)Pacific oyster,Crassostrea gigasChronic;waterNOAEC = 7.04 μg ai/LLOAEC = 45.76 μg ai/L(based on growth)Qualitative: Characterization ofpotential formulation (Basamaïs)effects resulting from spray drifttransport to estuarine/marine habitats;uncertainty associated with unknownrelationship between testedformulation and those registered inUS.111918Aquaticplantsmarine diatom,Chaetocerosgracilis72-hBentazonEC50: 120,000 μg ai/LNOAEC: 10,000 μg ai/LLOAEC: 50,000 μg ai/LBasamaïs (formulatedproduct)EC50: 60 μg ai/LNOAEC: 10 μg ai/LLOAEC: 50 μg ai/LQualitative: Characterization ofpotential formulation (Basamaïs)effects resulting from spray drifttransport to estuarine/marine habitats;uncertainty associated with unknownrelationship between testedformulation and those registered inUS. Formulation is 4 orders ofmagnitude more toxic to algae.114118Page 96 of 140Page 97 of 140Eel grass,Zosteramarina72-hNOEC = 240 μg ai/LLOEC = 2400 μg ai/L(growth)Qualitative109342Predatory(beneficial)arthropods1applicationNo effects observed at 1 lba.i./AQualitative: The results of this studymay be used as a line of evidence toindicate that bentazon is not expectedto impact beneficial arthropods whenapplied at 1 lb a.i./A.36590Earthworm,Eiseniafetida7-dLC50 = 1.3 (0.99- 1.7) lba.i./AQualitative53203TerrestrialinvertebratesEarthworm,Lumbricus rubellus7-dLC50 = 1.3 (1.0-2.0) lba.i./AQualitative53203

### Attachment 1 Open literature review for ECOTOX record 72621

Chemical Name : Bentazon PC Code : 275200 CAS No. : 25057-89-0

ECOTOX Record Number and Citation : 72621 Maenpaa, K. A., Sormunen, A. J., and Kukkonen, J. V. K. (2003). Bioaccumulation and Toxicity of Sediment Associated Herbicides (I oxynil, Pendimethalin, and Bentazone) in Lumbriculus variegatus (Oligochaeta) and Chironomus riparius (Insecta). Ecotoxicol.Environ.Saf. 56: 398- 410.

Purpose of Review : Registration Review

Date of Assessment : October 1, 2014

Brief Summary of Study Findings :

The purpose of this study was to a) determin e the acute toxicity of bentazon, ioxynil and pendimethalin to L. variegatus and C.riparius in water only exposures, and associated tissue concentrations, b) determine the bioavailabil ity and bioaccumulation of these herbicides to L. variegatus in sediment and c) to determine the chronic toxicity of these chemicals to C. riparius

. Only the portions of the study that related to bentazon are include d in this review.

For objective a: Radiolabeled bentazon (>95%) was used in exposures. In the acute, water only exposure, 4 th 

### instar C. riparius and medium sized L. variegatus were exposed to bentazon for 48 h. Each replicate test chamber in cluded 10 organisms. Acetone ( 0.67%) was used as a solvent for bentazon and included as a control. Results are provided in Table 1.

Table 1. Median LC10 and LC50 and 95 th 

### percentile confidence intervals for acute (wateronly studies). Endpoint Units C. riparius L . variegatus mg a.i./L (aqueous) 34.4 (25.9-41.2) 63.2 (53.0-69.4) μmol/L (aqueous) 143 (107-171) 263 (220-289) LC10

μmol/kg-ww 982 (635 -1277) 1783 (1341-2172) mg a.i./L (aqueous) 62.3 (54.3-70.9) 79.1 (73.0-84.0) μmol/L (aqueous) 259 (226-293) 329 (304-349) LC50

μmol/kg-ww 3676 (2653-6991) 2849 (2351-3551)

Fo r objective b: Sediments collected from lakes (reviewer assumes that lakes were located in Finland, based on the affiliation of the authors) were spiked with bentazon (with acetone as a solvent). Samples were collected at 0, 8, 24, 48, 72, 169 and 240 hours. As expected, given the low Kow of bentazon (0.3), this chemical did not bioaccumulate s ubstantially in test organisms. Bioaccumulation factors ranged 0.8-14.6 in the different sediments.

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### Page 99 of 140 

### For objective c: First instar larv ae were placed in sediment that was spiked with bentazon and observed for 10 days. Table 7 from the study re port, which is reproduced below, includes the growth effects reported for bentazon exposures to C. riparius . In sediment S2, effects to growth and length (of head capsule) were observed at ≥ 1160 mg/kg-dw, result ing in a NOEC of 465 mg/kg-dw. In sediment S3, effects to grow th were observed at lower levels, i.e., ≥ 20.9 mg/kgdw. Since significant differences were observed at all treatments for sediment S3, a NOAEC was not established.

Description of Use in Document : Quantitative

Rationale for Use : The endpoints from this study may be used to derive RQs for aquatic invertebrates in the water column and sediment.

Limitations of study: 1. Concentrations not provided for acute study. 2. No mention of a negative control. 3. A NOAEC was not established for the chronic study (objective c).

Primary reviewer: Kris Garber, Senior Advisor, ERB1

Secondary reviewer:Page 100 of 140

### Attachment 2 Open literatu re review for ECOTOX record 111918

Chemical Name : Bentazon PC Code : 275200 CAS No. : 25057-89-0

ECOTOX Record Number and Citation : 111918 Stachowski-Haberkorn, S., Quiniou, F., Nedel ec, M., Robert, R., Limon, G., and de la Broise, D. 2008. In-situ microcosms, a t ool for assessment of pesticide impacts on oyster spat ( Crassostrea gigas ). Ecotoxicology 17: 235-245.

Purpose of Review : Registration Review

Date : September 26, 2014

Brief Summary of Study Findings :

Introduction This study investigated the effects of the herbicide bentaz on and the fungicide epoxiconazole on spat of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas in an in-situ microcosm study. Bentazon and epoxiconalo le were tested as the co mmercial formulated product Basamaïs and Opus, respectively. Neither of these products is registered in the United States. The microcosms were sealed bottles that were maintained underwater in field conditions to provide conditions as natural as possible. The purpose of this study was both to evaluate a novel study method and to assess the toxic effects of epoxiconazole and bentazon on the mortality, growth, and organic weight (OW) of oyster spat.

Methods Six-week-old oyster spat were maintained in s ealed bottles that immersed in situ in a bay in Brittany, France to provide natural conditions. Microcosms consisted of 2.3-l bottles and were filled with 2 liters of test solution cons isting of seawater and pesticide. The oyster spat were settled on PCV plates, and these plates were place in the microcosms and submerged with the test solution. Test s were conducted with Opus and Basamaïs, each at 10 and 70 μg ai/L. There were 6 replicate microcosms per treatment, and 6 control microcosms. Four additional were microcosms were maintained indoors. The test solutions were replaced every two days. After 13 days of exposure, the spat were collected for analysis. Measured endpoint we re mortality, final dry weight, ash content, and increase in shell area.

For assessing mortality, photogra phs of the plates taken on th e first and last day were compared. Mortality was measured as the pe rcentage of oysters that disappeared or became transparent. The photographs of the oysters were also used to compare the size of the oysters as a measure of growth. At th e end of the study, the oysters were harvested from the plates and the dry weights and as h weights after burning in a furnace were measured. Percent organic we ight (OW) was obtained from dry weights and ash weight
measurements.

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### Concentrations were quantifie d using on-line solid-phase ex traction coupled with liquid chromatography and electrospray ionizatio n-tandem mass spectrometry. The limit of detection was 0.005 μg/L.

Results Oysters in the control showed a 126% increas e in area index during the study. Mortality in the control after 13 days was 19.5%.

At a concentration of 10 μg/L, neither O pus nor Basamaïs resulted in significant reduction of spat growth. However, when both pesticides were present together at that concentration, spat growth was reduced by almost half, a highly significant reduction (Table 1). This suggests that the toxicity of the two products may be synergistic. At a concentration of 70 μg/L, both Opus and Basama ïs resulted in significant decreases in the growth of spat (Table 1).

Mortality level and OW conten t did not differ significantly fr om the control at either concentration of Opus and Basamaïs, or with both pesticides together.

Table 1. Summary of growth e ffects reported by study authors. Concentration(μg ai/L) Chemical (formulation) Nominal Measured Growth

Control Not applicable <0.005 126 ± 3%

10 7.04 123 ± 4% Bentazon (Basamaïs) 70 45.76 108 ± 4.5%* ( P = 0.0049) 10 8.69 126 ± 4.1% Epoxiconalole (Opus) 49 ± 25%* ( P < 0.0001) 70 44.55 65 ± 3%* ( P < 0.0001) Bentazon (Basamaïs) + Epoxiconalole (Opus) 10 + 10 6.84 + 8.29

* signifies that data are significantly different than the control

B entazon (Basamaïs) NO AEL: 7.04 μg ai/L LO AEL: 45.76 μg ai/L Most sensitive endpoint: growth (based on area index)

Epoxiconalole (Opus) NOAEL: 8.69 μg ai/L LOAEL: 44.55 μg ai/L Most sensitive endpoint: growth (based on area index)

Limitations of Study : 1. The study was conducted with formulated pr oducts that are not registered in the United States. The percent active ingredients of these products are unknown, as they were not provided in the study repor t. The relationships between these

Page 102 of 140

### formulated products and those re gistered in the US are unknown. 2. The active ingredient of Basamaïs is bent azon. This is different than the active ingredient of commercial pr oducts registered in the U.S., which is the sodium salt of bentazon (PC Code 103901). 3. The study methods differ significantly fr om the OCSPP test guideline for the bivalve embryo larvae test (850.1055) as well as the biva lve shell deposition test (850.1025). It is uncertain how sensitive this test me thod is compared to the standard guideline tests. 4. Water quality parameters (e.g., pH, dissolved oxygen, organic carbon) were not provided in the report.

Description of Use in Document : Qualitative (for formulated products) Invalid (for active ingredients)

Rationale for Use : While the study design differs significantly fr om two OCSPP guideline test for effects on mollusks (850.1055, Bivalve embryo larvae te st and 850.1025, bivalve shell deposition test), it is considered sc ientifically sound. The study condi tions produced good growth of spat (125%) and the control mortality was be low the maximum criterion of 30% specified by test guideline 850.1055. These data may be usef ul in characterizing potential effects of formulated products containi ng bentazon and epoxiconalole; however, they should not be used quantitatively because the relationship be tween these formulated products and those registered in the US is unknown. The products included in this study may have adjuvants and other inert ingredients th at may significantly affect t oxicity compared to other products registered in the US.

Available acute toxicity data for Daphnia magna exposed to Basagran (48.9% a.i.; LC50>500 mg/L; MRID 161304), which is a form ulated product registered in the US does not suggest that this formulation is more toxic than the technical grade material (LC50 = 125 mg/L; MRID 161303).

Primary Reviewer : Nicholas Mastro ta, Biologist, ERB1

Secondary Reviewer: Kris Garb er, Senior Advisor, ERB1

Page 103 of 140

### Attachment 3. Open literature review for ECOTOX record 109342

Chemical Name : Bentazon PC Code : 275200 CAS No. : 25057-89-0

ECOTOX Record Number and Citation : 109342 Nielsen, L. W. and Dahllof, I. (2007). Direct and Indirect Effect s of the Herbicides Glyphosate, Bentazone and MCPA on Eelgrass (Zostera marina). Aquat.Toxicol. 82: 47- 54.

Purpose of Review : Registration Review Date of Assessment : October 1, 2014

Brief Summary of Study Findings :

Th e purpose of this study was to characterize effects of herbicides on eelgrass and phytoplankton. Glyphosate, MCPA and bentazon we re included in this study; however, this review only includes the results from bentazon. Healthy, undamaged eelgrass plants were collected in Roskilde fjord, Denmark. Phytoplankton were also collected from this location. For 24 hours, organisms were allowe d to acclimate to laboratory conditions. At test initiation, plants were marked to determine growth. For phytoplankton, exposure concentrations tested were 0 (control), 0.01, 0.1 and 1 μM bentazon and for eelgrass, exposure concentrations tested were 0 (control), 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 μM (0, 2.4, 24, 240, 2400 μg/L). For eelgrass, each concentration in cluded 3 replicate aquaria that contained 3 plants anchored in glass pellets. Exposure s occurred for 3 days. Measured endpoints included growth, ratio of chlorophyll a: b, RNA:DNA ratio. For phytoplankton, primary production was assessed by considering inco rporation of ratiolabeled HCO3-. A significant decrease in the growth rate was observed in the highest treatment group, resulting in a NOAEC of 240 μg/L. Effects to the ratio of chlorophy ll a:b was observed at a lower concentration (i.e., 24 μg/L); however, the relevance of this endpoint to the organism is of question because growth e ffects were not observed. Figure 2, which is reproduced directly from the study article, includes the effects observed in eelgrass exposed to bentazon. In a mixture study th at included two different mixtures of glyphosate, MCPA and bentazon (Mixture A: 1μM Glyphosate; 0.01μM Bentazone; 0.01μM MCPA; Mixture B: 100μM Glyphosat e; 0.1μM Bentazone, 0.1μM MCPA), effects to growth, chlorophyll a:b ratio and DNA were observed in eelgrass. These results relative to controls are included in Figure 4, which is reproduced directly from the study report.In the phytoplankton experiment, 14C in corporation was decreased at 0.1 M (14% decrease relative to control) , resulting in a NOEC of 0.01.

Page 104 of 140Figure 2 (reproduced from article). Effect of Bentazone on Z. marina : (a) relative growth rate in length; (b) relative growth rate in weight; (c) chlorophyll a : b ratio; (d) RNA–DNA ratio after 3 days. *Significant from the control (ANOVA, P < 0.1). **Significant from the control (ANOVA, P < 0.05).



### Description of Use in Document : Qualitative

Rationale for Use : This may be used to character ize potential effects of bentazon on eelgrass. A NOAEC of 240 μg/L based on growth should be used.

Limitations of study: 1. Organisms were wild caught. Therefore, their previous exposures to chemical stressors is unknown. In additi on, the species of phytopl ankton are not identified in the article. 2. It’s not clear whether a fo rmulated product or techni cal grade of bentazon was used.

Primary reviewer: Kris Garber, Senior Advisor, ERB1

Page 105 of 140

### Attachment 4. Open literature review for ECOTOX record 114118

Chemical Name : Bentazon PC Code : 275200 CAS No. : 25057-89-0

ECOTOX Record Number and Citation : 114118 Hourmant, A., A. Amara, and P. Pouline. 2009. Effect of Bentazon on Growth and Physiological Responses of Marine Diatom: Chaetoceros gracilis

. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods . 19:109-115.

Purpose of Review : Registration Review Date of Assessment : October 1, 2014

Brief Summary of Study Findings :

Introduction This study determined the 3-day EC 50 

### based on reproduction of bentazon and formulated product Basamaïs to the marine diatom Chaetoceros gracilis . The paper also evaluate the effects of Basamaïs on pigment contents, photosynthesis and respiration rates, ATP content, and a biomarker of lipid peroxidation (TBARS).

Methods Bentazon and a French formulated product of bentazon called Basamaïs (48% active ingredient) were tested in 3-day gr owth tests with the marine diatom Chaetoceros gracilis . Test solutions were prepared with filtered artificial sea water. Bentazon was tested at 10, 50, 100, and 200 mg/L, and Basa maïs was tested at 1, 10, 50, 80, and 100 μg/L. A control was also included in both te sts. Test vessels were 500 mg Pyrex glass bottles. The inoculums were 0.2 x 10 4 

### to 1 x 10 4 

### cells. Microalgal cultures were maintained at 18 ± 2°C under 16 h photoperiod with 45 μmol/m 2 

### /s of photosynthetically active radiation. After 3 days, cell grow th was measured by counting cells under a microscope. The EC 50 

### and NOAEC were estimate d based on cell growth.

Results There was good cell growth in this study, w ith final cell density in the control of approximately 250 x 10 6 

### in the bentazon study and 275 x 10 6 

### in the Basamaïs study. Both studies yielded good dose response curves, with cell de nsities reduced by approximately 90% at the highest test con centrations. Based on cell counts, the 3-day EC 50 

### for bentazon was 150 mg/L. The 3-day EC 50 

### for the formulated product Basamaïs was 60 μg/L (note the change in units). This indicates that Basamaïs is 2500-times more toxic to marine diatoms than the active i ngredient. The 3-day NOAEC values for cell density were 10 mg/L for bentazon and 10 μg/L for Basamaïs.

Several additional endpoints were also measured in diatoms exposed to Basamaïs, including cell size, pigments, ATP content, thiobarbiturc acid reactive substances

Page 106 of 140

### (biomarkers of lipid peroxidation), Gross photos ynthesis and dark resp iration rates. These results are not summarized here since this fo rmulated product is not registered in the United States and the endpoints cannot be dir ectly related to effect s on cell survival or reproduction.

Bentazon 3-day EC 50 

### : 120,000 μg ai/L 3-day NOAEC: 10,000 μg ai/L 3-day LOAEC: 50,000 μg ai/L

Basamaïs (formulated product) 3- day EC 50 

### : 60 μg ai/L 3- day NOAEC: 10 μg ai/L 3- day LOAEC: 50 μg ai/L

De scription of Use in Document : Qualitative

Rationale for Use : The results are considered scientifically valid. The exposures involving technical bentazon should be considered qualitative du e to the deviations from the OCSPP test guideline for algae (see “ limitations of study” below).

The results for the formulated product Basamaïs should not be used for risk assessment of the active ingredient because the results indicate that inert ingredients of this formulation strongly affect the toxicity to Chaetoceros gracilis . The data from the Basamaïs tests may be useful in characterizing potential effects of formulated products containing bentazon; however, they should not be us ed quantitatively because the relationship between these formulated products and thos e registered in the US is unknown. The products included in this study may have adj uvants and other inert ingredients that may significantly affect toxicity compared to other products registered in the US.

Limitations of Study : 1. Cell growth was measured for only 3 days, whereas the OCSPP test guideline (850.5400) specifies that growth should be measured for 96 hr (4 days). 2. The test of bentazon was conducted with only 4 test concentrations, whereas the OCSPP test guideline specifi es testing of at leas t five concentrations. 3. The paper did not indicate that any replica tion was used in the tests of cell growth. 4. Basamaïs is a formulated product that is not registered in the United States. 5. Test conditions differed somewhat from those specified the OCSPP test guideline for testing the growth an d reproduction of aquatic plants (850.5400). For the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum , the guideline specifies a test temperature of 20 ± 2°C and a 14-hr photoperiod, whereas in this study the test temperature was 18 ± 2°C and the photoperiod was 16 hr. 6. The paper did not report the pH of the test solutions.

Page 107 of 140

### Primary Reviewer: Nicholas Mastrota, Biologist, ERB1

Secondary Reviewer: Kris Garb er, Senior Advisor, ERB1

Attachment 5. Open literature review for ECOTOX record 36590

Chemical Name : Bentazon PC Code : 275200 CAS No. : 25057-89-0

ECOTOX Record Number and Citation : 36590 Farlow, R. A. and Pitre, H. N. (1983). Effect s of Selected Pesticid e Application Routines on Pest and Beneficial Arthropods on Soybean in Mississippi. Environ.Entomol. 12: 552-557.

Pu rpose of Review : Registration Review Date of Assessment : October 1, 2014

Brief Summary of Study Findings : This study was conducted in Mississippi in 19 80 and 1981. An application of 1 lb a.i./A bentazon was made to soybeans. Bentazon (a t 1 lb a.i./A) was also applied with two separate mixtures of pesticides that incl uded a) benomyl (0.5 lb a.i./A) and methyl parathion (0.25 lb a. i./A) and b) benomyl (0.5). Plot sizes were 24.4 m x 30.5 m in 1980 and 24.4 m x 61 m in 1981. An untreated contro l was also included in the study. Each treatment included 4 replicate plots that had randomized locations (complete block design). Arthropod populations, including lepotopt erans (pests) and pr edatory arthropods (beneficial) were monitored weekly from crop emergence to when the crop was approximately 1 foot tall. Arthropods were collected using the ground cloth method. No significant differences in the numbers of arth ropods (including both pests and beneficial species) were observed when comparing the c ontrol and bentazon treat ed plots. Mixtures including bentazon and benomyl and bentaz on, benomyl and methyl parathion did not demonstrate a significant difference in the num ber of beneficial arthropods compared to the control.

Description of Use in Document : Qualitative

Rationale for Use : The results of this study may be us ed as a line of evidence to indicate that bentazon is not expected to impact benefi cial arthropods when app lied at 1 lb a.i./A.

Limitations of study: 1. Only one application rate was tested. This level is below the highest single application rate allowed for this chemical. 2. The formulated product that wa s applied is not identified.

Reviewer comments:

Page 108 of 140

### This study also examined effects of other pest icide applications on beneficial arthropods. Results from other pesticide active ingred ients were not included in this review.

Primary reviewer: Kris Garber, Senior Advisor, ERB1

Attachment 6. Open literature review for ECOTOX record 53203

Chemical Name : Bentazon PC Code : 275200 CAS No. : 25057-89-0

ECOTOX Record Number and Citation : 53203 Pizl, V. (1988). Interactions Between Earthw orms and Herbicides. I. Toxicity of Some Herbicides to Earthworms in Laboratory Tests. Pedobiologia 32: 227-232.

Purpose of Review : Registration Review Date of Assessment : October 1, 2014

Brief Summary of Study Findings : Description of Use in Document : Qualitative

Rationale for Use :

Limitations of study:

Reviewer comments:

Primary reviewer: Kris Garber, Senior Advisor, ERB1

Page 109 of 140Attachment 7. ECOTOX bibliography for bentazon: Accepted papers Barrett, M., Polge, N., Baerg, R., Bradshaw, L., and Poneleit, C. (97). Role of Cytochrome P-450S in Herbicide Metabolism and Selectivity and Mult iple Herbicide Metabo lizing Cytochrome P-450 Activities in Maize. In: K.K.Hatzios (Ed.), Regulation of Enzy matic Systems Detoxifying Xenobiotics in Plants, Kluwer Acad.Publ., Dordrecht, Netherlands 35-50. EcoReference No.: 72005 User Def 2: NEW CSC,CALF User Def 4: FIL/OPP-ESA REV User Def 5: ECOREF #70107 - EBIB Chemical of Concern: BT,24DXY,DMB Endpoint: PHY Habitat: T

Bethlenfalvay, G. J., Norris, R. F., and Phillips, D. A. (79). Effect of Bentazon, a Hill Reaction Inhibitor, on Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Capa bility and Apparent Photosynthesis. Plant Physiol. 63: 213-215. EcoReference No.: 71009 User Def 4: FIL/OPP-ESA REV User Def 5: ECOREF #69977 - EBIB Chemical of Concern: BT Endpoint: PHY Habitat: T

Campbell, J. R. and Penner, D. (82). Enhanced Phytotoxicity of Bentazon with Organophosphate and Carbamate Insecticides. Weed Sci. 30: 324-326. EcoReference No.: 61217 User Def 2: PULL,WASH Chemical of Concern: BT Habitat: T

Devlin, D. L., Long, J. H., and Maddux, L. D. (91). Using Reduced Rates of Postemergence Herbicides in Soybeans (Glycine max). Weed Technol. 5: 834-840. EcoReference No.: 70991 User Def 4: FIL/OPP-ESA REV User Def 5: Ref Man #59848 Chemical of Concern: BT Endpoint: GRO Habitat: T

Fuerst, E. P., Arntzen, C. J., Pfister, K., and Penner, D. (86). Herbicide Cross-Resistance in TriazineResistant Biotypes of Four Species. Weed Sci. 34: 344-353. EcoReference No.: 72067 User Def 2: NEW CSC,CALF,CORE User Def 4: FIL/OPP-ESA REV User Def 5: ECOREF #70717 - EBIB Chemical of Concern: ATZ,BMC, MBZ,LNR,PMB,BMN,BT,PMT,DU,TET Endpoint: PHY Habitat: T

Green, J.M. (1998). Differential Tolerance of Corn (Zea mays) Inbreds to Four Sulfonylurea Herbicides and Bentazon. Weed Technol. 12: 474-477. EcoReference No.: 64547 User Def 2: PULL,WASH User Def 5: PLANT SCI 9-00 Chemical of Concern: BT Habitat: T



### Page 110 of 140Hartzler, R. G. and Foy, C. L. (83). Compatibility of Bas 9052 Oh with Acifluorfen and Bentazon. Weed Sci. 31: 597-599. EcoReference No.: 25260 User Def 2: PULL,WASH Chemical of Concern: BT Habitat: T

Hinz, J.R.R., Owen, M.D.K., and Barrett, M. (1997). Nicosulfuron, Primisulfuron, and Bentazon Hydroxylation by Corn (Zea mays), Woolly Cupgrass (Eri ochloa villosa), and Shattercane (Sorghum bicolor) Cytochrome P-450. Weed Sci. 45: 474-480. EcoReference No.: 64598 User Def 2: PULL,WASH User Def 5: PLANT SCI 9-00 Chemical of Concern: BT Habitat: T Jordan, D.L. (1995). Interactions of Fenoxaprop-Ethyl with Bensulfuron and Bentazon in Dry-Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa). Weed Technol. 9: 724-727. EcoReference No.: 63460 User Def 2: PULL,WASH Chemical of Concern: BT Habitat: T Lycan, D.W. and Hart, S.E. (1999). Physiological Response of Soybean (Glycine max) and Two Weed Species to Thifensulfuron and Bentazon Combinations. Weed Sci. 47: 143-148. EcoReference No.: 64816 User Def 2: PULL,WASH User Def 5: PLANT SCI 9-00 Chemical of Concern: BT Habitat: T Maenpaa, K. A., Sormunen, A. J., and Kukkonen, J. V. K. (2003). Bioaccumulation and Toxicity of Sediment Associated Herbicides (Ioxynil, Pendimeth alin, and Bentazone) in Lumbriculus variegatus (Oligochaeta) and Chironomus riparius (Insecta). Ecotoxicol.Environ.Saf. 56: 398-410. EcoReference No.: 72621 User Def 2: TITLE CURRENT,CORE User Def 5: Nov.2003 - Handsearch Chemical of Concern: BT,PDM Endpoint: MOR Habitat: A

Mcwhorter, C. G., Wills, G. D., and Wauchope, R. D. (87). Efficacy of Bentazon and Msma As Affected by A Humic Acid-Type Polymeric Polyhydroxy Acid Adjuvant. Weed Sci. 35(2): 237-242. EcoReference No.: 31099 User Def 2: PULL,WASH Chemical of Concern: BT Habitat: T

Michel, A., Johnson, R. D., Duke, S. O., and Scheffler, B. E. (2004). Dose-Response Relationships Between Herbicides with Different Modes of Acti on and Growth of Lemna paucicostata: An Improved Ecotoxicological Method. Environ.Toxicol.Chem. 23: 1074-1079. EcoReference No.: 72796 User Def 2: WASH,CALF,CORE,SENT User Def 4: FIL/OPP-ESA REV User Def 5: Handsearch Chemical of Concern: DMB,DBN,ATZ,PQT,ACR,BT,GYP,FDM Misc 3: GRO Habitat: A



### Page 111 of 140Mine, A. and Matsunaka, S. (75). Mode of Action of Bentazon: Effect on Photosynthesis. Pest Bioc 5: 444-450. EcoReference No.: 30794 User Def 2: PULL,WASH Chemical of Concern: BT Habitat: T

Nalecz-Jawecki, G., Kucharczyk, E., and Sawicki, J. (2002). The Sensitivity of Protozoan Spirostomum ambiguum to Selected Pesticides. Fresenius Environ.Bull. 11: 98-74. EcoReference No.: 69821 User Def 2: WASH,CALF,CORE,SENT User Def 3: 01/28/2004 User Def 4: FIL/OPP-ESA REV User Def 5: CSA 11-02 Chemical of Concern: CYP,DM,PRM,HCCH, CBL,MOM,MLN,Captan,LN R,GYP,PDM,BT,DMB Endpoint: MOR Habitat: A

Nalewaja, J. D. and Adamczewski, K. A. (77). Redroot Pigweed (Amaranthus Retroflexus) Control with Bentazon Plus Additives. Weed Sci. 25: 506-510. EcoReference No.: 28602 User Def 2: PULL,WASH Chemical of Concern: BT Habitat: T

Retzlaff, G. and Fischer, A. (73). Die Beeinflussung der Assimilati on Verschiedener Pflanzen Durch Bentazon Im Vergleich Zur Selektivitat. Mit Bio Bun 151: 179-180. EcoReference No.: 25949 User Def 2: PULL,WASH Chemical of Concern: BT Habitat: T

Saglio, P., Olsen, K. H., and Bretaud, S. (2001). Behavioral and Olfactory Responses to Prochloraz, Bentazone, and Nicosulfuron-Con taminated Flows in Goldfish. Arch.Environ.Contam.Toxicol. 41: 192-74. EcoReference No.: 60972 User Def 2: WASH,SENT User Def 4: FIL/OPP-ESA REVUser Def 5: HandSearch Chemical of Concern: BT Endpoint: BEH Habitat: A

Whitwell, T., Wehtje, G., Walker, R. H., and Mcguire, J. A. (85). Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) Control in Soybeans (Glycine max) with Post emergence Grass Herbicides Applied Alone and in Mixtures. Weed Sci. 33: 673-678. EcoReference No.: 72069 User Def 4: FIL/OPP-ESA REV User Def 5: ECOREF #70590 - EBIB Chemical of Concern: BT Endpoint: POP Habitat: T

Wilson, C. and Whitwell, T. (93). Tolerance of Nineteen Species of Container Grown Landscape Plants to Postemergence Applications of Basagran. J.Environ.Hortic. 11: 86-89. EcoReference No.: 72690 User Def 2: PULL,WASH



### Page 112 of 140User Def 5: Altland,J.E., C.H.Gilliam, and G.Weht je (2003) Weed Control in Field Nurseries, Horttechnology 13(1):9-14 Chemical of Concern: BT Endpoint: PHY,GRO Habitat: T

Zand, E., Beckie, H. J., Myhre, C. D., and Loeppky, H. A. (2002). Response of Two Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) Varieties to Herbicides. Can.J.Plant Sci. 82: 625-628. EcoReference No.: 70948 User Def 2: NEW CSC,CALF,CORE User Def 4: FIL/OPP-ESA REV User Def 5: Annual Online Search Chemical of Concern: 24DXY,DMB,HXZ,BT,BMN,GYP Endpoint: GRO Habitat: T

Booth, G. M., Yu, C. C., and Hansen, D. J. (73). Fate, Metabolism, and Toxicity of 3-Isopropyl-1H-2, 1,3-Benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-1-2,2-Dioxide in a Model Ecosystem 8973. J.Environ.Qual. 2(3): 408-411. EcoReference No.: 8747 User Def 2: ECOTOX MED,WASH Chemical of Concern: BT Endpoint: MOR,ACC Habitat: A

Boumaiza, M., Ktari, M. H., and Vitiello, P. (79). Toxicity of Several Pesticides Used in Tunisia, for Aphanius fasciatus Nardo, 18 27 (Pisces, Cyprinodontidae). Arch.Inst.Pasteur Tunis 56: 307-342 (FRE). EcoReference No.: 5365

Chemical of Concern: 24DXY,BT,CPY,DMT,DZ,MLN,PSM,DMTEndpoints: MOR Habitat: A

Faust, M., Altenburger, R., Boedeker, W., and Grimme, L. H. (93). Additive Effects of Herbicide Combinations on Aquatic Non-Target Organisms. Sci.Total Environ.(Suppl.) 941-951. EcoReference No.: 4332

Chemical of Concern: 24DXY,ATZ,BT,GYP,SZ Endpoints: POP Habitat: A

Gaynor, J. D. and Hamill, A. S. (83). Bentazon Preemergence Activity on Velvetleaf (Abutilon Theophrasti) and Persistence in So uthwestern Ontario (Canada) Soils. Can.J.Plant Sci. 63: 1015- 1022. EcoReference No.: 41019 User Def 2: TITLE PULL,WASH Chemical of Concern: BT Habitat: T

Kurtz, W.L. and Stroube, E.W. (1975). Control of Yellow Nutsedge by Various Herbicides. P Nc Wd C C

30: -59. EcoReference No.: 40622 User Def 2: MED,WASH Chemical of Concern: BT,MTL Endpoint: MOR Habitat: T Leung, T. S., Naqvi, S. M., and LeBlanc, C. (83). Toxicities of Two Herbicid es (Basagran, Diquat) and



### Page 113 of 140an Algicide (Cutrine-Plus) to Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis. Environ.Pollut.Ser.A Ecol.Biol. 30(2): 153-160. EcoReference No.: 10495

Chemical of Concern: BT Endpoints: MOR Habitat: A

Sun, F. (87). Evaluating Acute Toxicity of Pesticides to Aquatic Organisms: Carp, Mosquito Fish and Daphnids. Plant Prot.Bull./Chih Wu Pao Hu Hsueh Hui Hui K'an 29: 385-396 (CHI) (ENG ABS). EcoReference No.: 13451

Chemical of Concern: BT,CBF,EP,GYP,PSM,TBC Endpoints: MOR Habitat: A

Allievi, L., Gigliotti, C., Salardi, C., Valsecchi, G., Brusa, T., and Fe rrari, A. (1996). Influence of the Herbicide Bentazon on Soil Microbial Community. Microbiol.Res. 151: 105-111.

EcoReference No.: 115116 Chemical of Concern: NaBT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP

Baysinger, J. A. (1995). Effect of Postemergence He rbicides on (Cercospora arachidicola), the Causal Agent of Early Leafspot Disease in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Ph.D.Thesis, Oklahoma State Univ.,Stillwater,OK 45 p. (UMI#9601650).

EcoReference No.: 113744 Chemical of Concern: IZT,24DB,LCF,BT,ACF; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : CEL,REP,POP,PHY

Baysinger, J. A., Melouk, H. A., and Murray, D. S. (1999). Effects of Post emergence Herbicides on Cercospora arachidicola Hori and Early Leaf Spot of Peanut. Peanut Sci. 26: 4-7.

EcoReference No.: 115182 Chemical of Concern: IZT,ACF,24DB,LCF,BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : REP,POP

Bernasor, P. C. and De Datta, S. K. (1986). Chemical and Cultural Control of Bulrush (Scirpus maritimus L.) and Annual Weeds in Lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Weed Res. 26: 233-244.

EcoReference No.: 31290 Chemical of Concern: MCPA,IPPA,DM DP,TBC,BSFM,BTC,24D,BT,OXF,PPN; Habitat : AT; Effect Codes : POP

Cedergreen, N. and Streibig, J. C. (2005). The Toxic ity of Herbicides to Non-Target Aquatic Plants and Algae: Assessment of Pred ictive Factors and Hazard. Pest Manag.Sci. 61: 1152-1160.

EcoReference No.: 88207 Chemical of Concern: PDM,MST,DQTBr,MCPA,MCPP1,GYPI,TSF,MTSM,TBZ,BT; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : GRO

Clay, D. V. (1972). The Response of Strawberry to a Range of Foliage Acting Herbicides. Proc.Br.Weed Control Conf. 11: 409-416.

EcoReference No.: 40855 Chemical of Concern: GYP,BMN,BT,PHMD,PYZ,MBZ; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : PHY,GRO



### Page 114 of 140El-Ghar, G. E. S. A. (199 4). Effects of Herbicides on Consumpti on, Growth and Food Utilization by Cotton Leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) Larvae. Anz.Schaedlingskd.Pflanzenschutz Umweltschutz 67: 143- 146.

EcoReference No.: 70433 Chemical of Concern: AMTR,GFS,ODZ,FZF,BT,BMN,GYPI; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : BEH,GRO,PHY

Farlow, R. A. and Pitre, H. N. (1983). Bioactivity of the Postemergent Herbicides Acifluorfen and Bentazon on Geocoris punctipes (S ay) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae). J.Econ.Entomol. 76: 200-203.

EcoReference No.: 71756 Chemical of Concern: BT,ACF; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : REP,MOR

Farlow, R. A. and Pitre, H. N. (1 983). Effects of Selected Pesticide Application Routines on Pest and Beneficial Arthropods on Soybean in Mississippi. Environ.Entomol. 12: 552-557.

EcoReference No.: 36590 Chemical of Concern: BT,MP,BMY,ADC,ACF; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP

Garagna, S., Vasco, C., Merico, V., Esposito, A., Zuccotti, M., and Redi , C. A. (2005). Effects of a Low Dose of Bentazon on Spermatogenesis of Mice Exposed During Foetal, Postnatal and Adult Life. Toxicology 212: 165-174.

EcoReference No.: 114119 Chemical of Concern: BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : REP,CEL

Gardner, W. A. and Storey, G. K. (1985). Sensitivity of Beauveria bassiana to Selected Herbicides. J.Econ.Entomol. 78: 1275-1279.

EcoReference No.: 70790 Chemical of Concern: SZ,PZM,ACF,ACR,BT,DFP ,DU,FZF,GYP,MTL,MBZ,OYZ,OXF,PQ T,PND,PPZ,SXD,TRB,TFN,24D; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : GRO,POP

Graham, G. L., Peng, G., Bailey, K. L., and Holm, F. A. (2006). Interactions of Colletotrichum truncatum with Herbicides for Control of Scentless Chamomile (Matricaria perforata). Weed Technol. 20: 877-884.

EcoReference No.: 97130 Chemical of Concern: GFS,GYP,MBZ,BMN,BT,IPPA,DMDP,MCPAI,DMB,CPR,TN,IZT,FSM,SXD,24D,BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP,GRO

Grant, N. T., Prusinkiewicz, E., Makowski, R. M. D., Holmstrom-Ruddick, B., and Mortensen, K. (1990). Effect of Selected Pesticides on Survival of Colleto trichum gloeosporioides f. sp. malvae, a Bioherbicide for Round-Leaved Mallow (Malva pusilla). Weed Technol. 4: 701-715.

EcoReference No.: 95696 Chemical of Concern: TDF,THM,TPM,MZB,CTN,Captan,BMY,MBZ,LNR ,24DB,BT,BMN,CPR,CZE, DMB,DFP,DFQ,FNPE,I ZT,DLN,SXD,PPN,PCL,24D,CBX,DCNA,FBM; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : REP,GRO

Grossmann, K., Berghaus, R., and Retzlaff, G. (1992). Heterotrophic Plant Cell Suspension Cultures for Monitoring Biological Activity in Agrochemical Re search. Comparison with Screens Using Algae, Germinating Seeds and Whole Plants. Pestic.Sci. 35: 283-289.



### Page 115 of 140EcoReference No.: 78497 Chemical of Concern: OXF,NFZ,PDM,ASM,CPP,GFSNH,ACFNa,ATZ,PMT,MBZ,BT,DU,PPN,PAQT,PHMD,MCPA,24D,AC R,SXD,DFPM,DBN,GYP,IZT,IMQ,CSF,NP; Habitat : AT; Effect Codes : GRO,POP

Han, Y. C. and Wang, C. Y. (2002). Physiological Basis of Bentazon Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Lines. Weed Biol.Manag. 2: 186-193.

EcoReference No.: 115445 Chemical of Concern: BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR,BCM,PHY,ACC

Heres-Pulido, M. E., Lombera-Hernand ez, S., Duenas-Garcia, I., Perales-Ca nales, I., Castaneda-Partida, L., Rocha-Ortiz, C., Flores-Maya, S., Duran-D¡az, A., and Gr af, U. (2008). Genotoxicity of Triasulfuron in the Wing Spot Test of Drosophila melanogaster is Modulated by Winter Wheat Seedlings. Mutat.Res. 653: 70- 75.

EcoReference No.: 114355 Chemical of Concern: TSF,BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : CEL

Hill, J. E., Roberts, S. R., Bayer, D. E., and Williams , J. F. (1990). Crop Response and Weed Control from new Herbicide Combinations in Wa ter-Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa). Weed Technol. 4: 838-842.

EcoReference No.: 74652 Chemical of Concern: MLT,TBC,BT,BSF; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : POP

Hourmant, A., Amara, A., Pouline, P., Durand, G., Arzul, G., and Quiniou, F. (2009). Effect of Bentazon on Growth and Physiological Responses of Marine Diatom: Chaetoceros gracilis. Toxicol.Mech.Methods 19: 109-115.

EcoReference No.: 114118 Chemical of Concern: BT; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : POP,GRO,BCM,PHY

Imeokparia, P. O. (1990). Weed Management in Direct-Seeded Lowland Rice Under Iron Toxic Sites in Nigeria. Ann.Appl.Biol. 116: 563-571.

EcoReference No.: 115449 Chemical of Concern: DMB,BTC,ODZ,PPN,BT; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : POP,GRO

Indyk, F. (1993). The Effect of Herbicides on the Effectivity of Hen Hatching. Zool.Pol. 36: 33-61.

EcoReference No.: 71392 Chemical of Concern: LNR,SZ,P AQT,BT,DQTBr,PHMD,TBC,ATZ; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR,REP

Kaya, B., Marcos, R., Yanikoglu, A., and Creus, A. (2004). Evaluation of the Genotoxicity of Four Herbicides in the Wing Spot Test of Drosophila melanogaster Using Two Different Strains. Mutat.Res. 557: 53-62.

EcoReference No.: 74251 Chemical of Concern: MLT,TBC,TFN,BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : CEL

Kim, D. G. and Riggs, R. D. (1998). Effects of Some Pesticides on the Growth of ARF18 and Its Pathogenicity to Heterodera glycines. J.Nematol. 30: 201-205.

EcoReference No.: 70527 Chemical of Concern:



### Page 116 of 140FPP,KFAT,DZ,TPM,MYC,MZB,FML,DLN,CTN,PN B,SXD,CBL,DCNA,MLN,CHX,DCF,GYPI,PAQT, TFN,ADC,BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : GRO,POP

Leung, T. S., Naqvi, S. M., and LeBlanc, C. (1983). Toxicities of Two Herbicides (Basagran, Diquat) and an Algicide (Cutrine-Plus) to Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis. Environ.Pollut.Ser.A 30: 153-160.

EcoReference No.: 10495 Chemical of Concern: BT,DQTBr; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : MOR

Levene, B. C., Owen, M. D. K., and Tylka, G. L. (1998). Influence of Herbicide Application to Soybeans on Soybean Cyst Nematode Egg Hatching. J.Nematology 30: 347-352 .

EcoReference No.: 93889 Chemical of Concern: LCF,ACF,BT,ZnS; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP,MOR

Levene, B. C., Owen, M. D. K., and Tylka, G. L. (1998). Response of Soybean Cyst Nematodes and Soybeans (Glycine max) to Herbicides. Weed Sci. 46: 264-270.

EcoReference No.: 64790 Chemical of Concern: IZT,SXD,FZFP,BT,ACF; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP,REP,BCM

Lundegardh, B. (1992). Characterization of Three Herbicide-Resistant Strains of the Unicellular Green Alga, Monoraphidium pusillum. 1. Growth, Phot osynthetic Capacity and Cross-Resistance. Swed.J.Agric.Res. 22: 29-38.

EcoReference No.: 104583 Chemical of Concern: DU,BT,ATZ; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : GRO,PHY

Macedo, R. S., Lombardi, A. T., Omach i, C. Y., and Rorig, L. R. (2008). Effects of the Herbicide Bentazon on Growth and Photosystem II Maximum Quantum Yield of the Marine Diatom Skeletonema costatum. Toxicol.In Vitro 22: 716-722.

EcoReference No.: 101984 Chemical of Concern: DU,BT; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : PHY,POP

Maenpaa, K. A., Sormunen, A. J., and Kukkonen, J. V. K. (2003). Bioaccumulation and Toxicity of Sediment Associated Herbicides (Ioxynil, Pendime thalin, and Bentazone) in Lumbriculus variegatus (Oligochaeta) and Chironomus riparius (Insecta). Ecotoxicol.Environ.Saf. 56: 398-410.

EcoReference No.: 72621 Chemical of Concern: BT,PDM; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : MOR,GRO,ACC

Michel, A., Johnson, R. D., Duke, S. O., and Sche ffler, B. E. (2004). Dose-Response Relationships Between Herbicides with Different Modes of Action and Growth of Lemna paucicostata: An Improved Ecotoxicological Method. Environ.Toxicol.Chem. 23: 1074-1079.

EcoReference No.: 72796 Chemical of Concern: PDM,DMB,GFSNH,NFZ,IZT,FZFPB,24D,GYP1,BT,ACR,ATZ,DBN,DFPM,CSF,ACF,OPP,NPM,PAQT ,FDE,CMZ,ASM,EPTC; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : GRO

Mikula, I., Pistl, J., and Kacmar, P. (1992). The Immune Response of Sheep to Subclinical Chronic Exposure to the Herbicide Bentazon TP. Vet.Hum.Toxicol. 34: 507-509 .

EcoReference No.: 115117 Chemical of Concern: BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : PHY



### Page 117 of 140Munkegaard, M., Abbaspoor, M., and Cedergreen, N. (2008). Organophosphorous Insecticides as Herbicide Synergists on the Green Algae Pseudokirc hneriella subcapitata and the Aquatic Plant Lemna minor. Ecotoxicology 17: 29-35.

EcoReference No.: 101323 Chemical of Concern: MTSM,BT,TBZ,MLN,CPY,ES; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : GRO

Nalecz-Jawecki, G., Kucharczyk, E ., and Sawicki, J. (2002). The Se nsitivity of Protozoan Spirostomum ambiguum to Selected Pesticides. Fresenius Environ.Bull. 11: 98-101.

EcoReference No.: 69821 Chemical of Concern: 24D,DDVP,THM,DOD,IPD,TPE,PDM,PCH,MCPA, ACYP,DM,PRM,HCCH,CBL,MOM,MLN,Captan,L NR,GYPI,PDM,BT,DMB; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : MOR

Nemoto, M. C. M., Nahas, E., Pitelli, R. A., and Co elho, L. (2002). Germination and Mycelial Growth of Bipolaris euphorbiae Muchovej & Carvalho as Influenced by Herbicid es and Surfactants. Braz.J.Microbiol. 33: 352-357.

EcoReference No.: 95538 Chemical of Concern: IZT,LCF,FSF,GYP,BT,OXS,CRME; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP,GRO,REP

Nielsen, L. W. and Dahllof, I. (2007). Direct and Indirect Effects of the Herbicides Glyphosate, Bentazone and MCPA on Eelgrass (Zostera marina). Aquat.Toxicol. 82: 47-54.

EcoReference No.: 109342 Chemical of Concern: GYP,MCPA,BT; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : BCM,CEL,GRO,POP

Novakova-Repova, A. (1992). The Growth of Soil Micromycetes in the Media Containing Herbicide Basagran, Labuctril 25 and Oxytril CM. Ceska Mykol. 46: 86-92.

EcoReference No.: 115125 Chemical of Concern: BMN,BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP,PHY

Pendzick Clay, S. A. (1986 ). Interference and Control of Giant Burreed (Sparganium eurycarpum) in Wild Rice (Zizania palustris). Ph.D.Thesis, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 90 p. (UMI#8700571).

EcoReference No.: 114705 Chemical of Concern: BT,PPN,24D; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : PHY,GRO,ACC

Perschbacher, P. W., Stone, N., Ludwig, G. M., and Guy, C. B. Jr. (1997). Evaluation of Effects of Common Aerially-Applied Soybean Herbicides and Propanil on the Plankton Communities of Aquaculture Ponds . Aquaculture 157: 117-122.

EcoReference No.: 53095 Chemical of Concern: CRM,FSF,PPN,ACF,GYP,BT,IMQ,FZF,CLT; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : POP,PHY

Pizl, V. (1988). Interactions Between Earthworms an d Herbicides. I. Toxicity of Some Herbicides to Earthworms in Laboratory Tests. Pedobiologia 32: 227-232 .

EcoReference No.: 53203 Chemical of Concern: BMN,BT,ATZ; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR,GRO

Rao, K. N. and Gupta, K. M. (1982). Studies on Weed Control in Rice with Herbicides. Pesticides 16: 19- 21.



### Page 118 of 140EcoReference No.: 98113 Chemical of Concern: BT,ODZ,OXF,IPPA,UREA,PPN,NaBT; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : POP

Repova, A. (1985). Effect of Four Herbicides on the Quantitative Changes in the Micromycete Population of Spruce Forest Soil. Biol.Agric.Hortic. 2: 205-213.

EcoReference No.: 115114 Chemical of Concern: DPP1,BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP,REP

Saglio, P., Olsen, K. H., and Bretaud, S. (2001). Behavioral and Olfactory Responses to Prochloraz, Bentazone, and Nicosulfuron-Contam inated Flows in Goldfish. Arch.Environ.Contam.Toxicol. 41: 192- 200.

EcoReference No.: 60972 Chemical of Concern: NSF,DZ,BT; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : BEH

Samsoe-Petersen, L. (1995). Effect s of 67 Herbicides and Plant Growth Regulators on the Rove Beetle Aleochara bilineata (Col.: Staphylinidae) in the Laboratory. Entomophaga 40: 95-104.

EcoReference No.: 63490 Chemical of Concern: MTL,DU,MCPP1,FXP,BT,PDM,MTSM,AMTL, DPP1,ATZ,SZ,CQTC,HFP,PYD,BMC,CBL; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR,REP,GRO

Shrivastava, R., Sarkar, R., and Chauhan, U. K. (2008). Effect of Herbicides on Biochemical and Physiological Properties of Oscillatoria Laete-Virens. Asian J.Microbiol.Biotechnol.Environ.Sci. 10: 563- 567.

EcoReference No.: 115620 Chemical of Concern: DU,MBZ,ATZ,BT; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : POP,GRO,BCM

Stachowski-Haberkorn, S., Quiniou, F., Nedelec, M., R obert, R., Limon, G., and De la Broise, D. (2008). In-Situ Microcosms, a Tool for Assessment of Pesticide Impacts on Oyster Spat (Crassostrea gigas). Ecotoxicology 17: 235-245.

EcoReference No.: 111918 Chemical of Concern: BT; Habitat : A; Effect Codes : POP,MOR,BCM,GRO

Sugha, S. K. and Singh, B. M. (1985). Effect of Herbic ides on the Severity of Glume Blight of Rice Caused by Phyllosticta glumarum. Pesticides 19: 25.

EcoReference No.: 114336 Chemical of Concern: BTC,PPN,BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP

Tu, C. M. (1993). Influence of Ten Herbicides on Activities of Microorganisms and Enzymes in Soil. Bull.Environ.Contam.Toxicol. 51: 30-39.

EcoReference No.: 86410 Chemical of Concern: BT,DFP,DU,EPTC,PPZ; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : POP,PHY,SYS

Ugazio, G., Bosio, A., Burdino, E., Ghigo, L., and Ne bbia, C. (1991). Lethality, Hexobarbital Narcosis and Behavior in Rats Exposed to Atrazine, Bentazon and Molinate. Res.Commun.Chem.Pathol.Pharmacol. 74: 349-362.

EcoReference No.: 73826



### Page 119 of 140Chemical of Concern: MLT,ATZ,BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR,BEH

Wong, A. T. S., Tylka, G. L., and Hartzler, R. G. (19 93). Effects of Eight Herbicides on In Vitro Hatching of Heterodera glycines. J.Nematol. 25: 578-584.

EcoReference No.: 72076 Chemical of Concern: CMZ,CZE,ACF,EFL,TFN,ACR,BT,ATZ,ZnS; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR

Wyss, G. S., Charudattan, R., Rosskopf, E. N., and Littell, R. C. (2004). Effects of Selected Pesticides and Adjuvants on Germination and Vegetative Growth of Phomopsis amaranthicola, a Biocontrol Agent for Amaranthus spp. Weed Res. 44: 469-482 .

EcoReference No.: 96666 Chemical of Concern: PEB,DCF,EPTC,OXF,PAQT,CLT,TFN,NPM,PDM, AMTR,PRM,NPP,MBZ,IZT, IPD,VCZ,BMY,DMT,M LN,CYR,LNR,DU,BS,GYPI,MTL,SXD,DCPA,IZP,S Z,ATZ,Maneb,MZB,CuOH,CTN,FSTAL,BT; Habitat : T; Effect Codes : MOR,REP

Zhang, J. and Cavers, P. B. (1994). Seedling Emergence After Maternal Bentazon Application to 10 Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) Populations. Canadian J.Plant Sci. 74: 863-866.

EcoReference No.: 115454 Chemical of Concern: BT; Habitat : AT; Effect Codes : POP

Ahmad, M. and Vyas, S. C. Control of Dry Rot and Leaf Blight of Sesame by Herbicides. POP,REPSOIL,ENV; 1997; 27, (2): 222-224. Rec #: 390 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODE D (ACF,BT,OXF,PDM,TBC) Notes: EcoReference No.: 98117 Chemical of Concern: AC F,BT,MBZ,ODZ,OXF,PDM,TBC

Ahmed, M. and Vyas, S. C. Effect of Herbicides on Soil- and Seed-Borne Nature of Fungi. POP,REPSOIL,ENV; 1997; 27, (2): 191-194. Rec #: 410 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODE D (ACF,BT,OXF,PDM,TBC) Notes: EcoReference No.: 98116 Chemical of Concern: AC F,BT,MBZ,ODZ,OXF,PDM,TBC

Americanos, P. G. Herbicides for Peas. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1984; 62, 1-7. Rec #: 690 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,LNR,PDM), NO MIXTURE (DCPA,MTL,PMT,TBZ) Notes: EcoReference No.: 116727 Chemical of Concern: BT,CZE ,DCPA,LNR,MTL,MTZ,PDM,PMT,TBZ

Bachman, G.; Wilson, C., and Whitwell, T. Tolera nce of Containerized La ndscape Plants to the Postemergence Herbicides Stinger, Manage and Basagran. GRO,PHYSOIL,ENV; 1995; 13, (3): 129-132. Rec #: 980 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 72339 Chemical of Concern: BT,CPR

Balah, M. A.; Hanafi, A., and Ghani, S. B. A. Tank Mixture Additives Approach to Improve Efficiency of Bentazon Against Broadleaf Weeds in Peas. ACC,BCM,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2012; 47, 390-396. Rec #: 1350 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT)



### Page 120 of 140Notes: EcoReference No.: 167041 Chemical of Concern: BT

Baldwin, F.; Santelmann, P., and Gr eer, H. Weed Control Systems for Ho phornbeam Copperleaf Control in Peanuts. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1974; 66, 789-792. Rec #: 1060 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT,PZM), OK (ACR,NFZ,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 41554 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,ACR,ATZ,BT ,CZE,FMU,MBZ,MTZ,NFZ,NPM,ODZ,PZM,TFN

Banks, M. L.; Kennedy, A. C.; Kremer, R. J., an d Eivazi, F. Soil Microbial Community Response to Surfactants and Herbicides in Two Soils. POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2014; 74, 12-20. Rec #: 1360 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT,GYP) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167042 Chemical of Concern: ATZ,BT,GYP

Barker, M. A.; Thompson, L. Jr., and Godley, F. M. Control of Annual Morningglories (Ipomoea spp.) in Soybeans (Glycine max). PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1984; 32, (6): 813-818. Rec #: 380 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (ACF,LNR) Notes: EcoReference No.: 44122 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,ACF,BT,LNR,MBZ

Baysinger, J. A.; Melouk, H. A., and Murray, D. S. Effects of Postemergence Herbicides on Cercospora arachidicola Hori and Early Leaf Spot of Peanut. POP,REPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1999; 26, (1): 4-7. Rec #: 500 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACF,BT,LCF) Notes: EcoReference No.: 115182 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,ACF,BT,IZT,LCF

Beam, J. B.; Jordan, D. L.; York, A. C.; Bailey, J. E.; Isleib, T. G., and McKemie, T. E. Interaction of Prohexadione Calcium with Agrichemicals Ap plied to Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). GRO,PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2002; 29, (1): 29-35. Rec #: 1220 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACFNa,ACP,BT, CBL,CLT,FPP,LCYT,MLN,SXD), NO EFFECT (AZX,BOR,CTN,CuOH,IPD,PPG), NO MIXTURE (ACF,Conazoles,PCZ,PPCP,PPCP2011) Notes: EcoReference No.: 156938 Chemical of Concern: 24DBDMA,ACF,ACFNa,ACP,AZX,BOR,BT,CBL,CLT,CTN,Conazoles,CuOH,DMDB,FPP,IAZ,IPD,IZ T,LCYT,MLN,NaB,PCZ,PPCP,PPCP2011,PPG,PYD,SXD,TEZ

Bellinder, R. R.; Arsenovic, M.; Kirkwyland, J. J., and Wallace, R. W. Evaluating the EPA's Comparative Product Performance Testing Guidelines for Herbicid es in Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). POP. Department of Fruit and Vegeta ble Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853- 0327, USA//: SOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1998; 12, (2): 215-222. Rec #: 520 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,PDM), OK (EPTC,FSF,MTL,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 62914 Chemical of Concern: BT,EPTC,FSF,MTL,PDM,TFN

Bellinder, R. R.; Arsenovic, M.; Shah, D. A., and Rauch, B. J. Effect of Weed Growth Stage and Adjuvant on the Efficacy of Fomesafen and Bentazon. POPSOIL,ENV; 2003; 51, (6): 1016-1021. Rec #: 10 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (FSF) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167069



### Page 121 of 140Chemical of Concern: BT,FSF

Betts, M. Chemical Weed Control in Lupins. PHY,PO P. Crop Res. Div.,DSIR,Lincoln,N. Z//: SOIL,ENV; 1975; 28, 24-26. Rec #: 1280 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT,EPTC,LNR,OXF,PDM,PMT,PZM,SZ,TFN), NO ENDPOINT (EPTC,LNR,OXF,PDM,PZM,SZ,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 159511 Chemical of Concern: ATZ,BT,CZE,EP TC,LNR,MBZ,OXF,PDM,PMT,PZM,SZ,TFN

Betts, M. F. and Morrison, I. N. Fall and Spring Appli cations of Trifluralin and Metribuzin in Fababeans (Vicia faba). GRO,POP,REPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1979; 27, 691-695. Rec #: 570 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (GYP,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 44021 Chemical of Concern: BT,GYP,MBZ,TFN

Bhattacharya, S. P. and Mondal, B. K. Efficacy of Some Herbicides for Control of Weeds in Wheat. POPSOIL,ENV; 1988; 22, (5): 7-8. Rec #: 1210 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,PDM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 157064 Chemical of Concern: BMN,BT,PDM

Bijanzadeh, E. and Ghadiri, H. Ef fect of Separate and Combined Tr eatments of Herbicides on Weed Control and Corn (Zea mays) Yield. POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2006; 20, (3): 640-645. Rec #: 20 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT), NO MIXTURE (24D,24DXY), OK (ACR) Notes: EcoReference No.: 152000 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24 DXY,ACR,ATZ,BMN,BT ,MCPA,PSF,RIM

Bingham, S. W. Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Control in Cool Season Turfgrass. GRO,PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1977; 25, (6): 487-491. Rec #: 1100 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 42798 Chemical of Concern: BT,NPP

Blackshaw, R. E. and Esau, R. Control of Annual Broadleaf Weeds in Pinto Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). PHY,POP. Agric. Canada Res. Stn.,Lethbridge,AB,C an//: SOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1991; 5, (3): 532-538. Rec #: 30 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (CMZ,EPTC,FSF) Notes: EcoReference No.: 151999 Chemical of Concern: BT,CMZ,EFL,EPTC,FSF,IZT

Bowers, D. L. and Bauman, T. T. Postemergence Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium) Control as Influenced by Soil-Applied Vernolate and Trifluralin. ACC, PHYSOIL,ENV,TOP; 1984; 32, (4): 451-454. Rec #: 870 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACF,ACFNa,BT,TFN), NO ENDPOINT (ACFNa,BT), WEEDS (ACF,ACFNa,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 44134 Chemical of Concern: ACF,ACFNa,BT,TFN,VNT

Bryson, C. T. and Croom, E. M. Jr. Herbicide Inputs for a New Agronomic Crop, Annual Wormwood (Artemisia annua). GRO,PHYSOIL,ENV, MIXTURE; 1991; 5, (1): 117-124. Rec #: 650



### Page 122 of 140Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACF,BT), NO CONTROL (ACR,MTL, NFZ,OYZ,TFN), NO ENDPOINT (ACR,MTL,NFZ,OYZ,TFN), OK (SXD) Notes: EcoReference No.: 73802 Chemical of Concern: ACF,ACR,BT,FMU,FZF,MSMA,MTL,NFZ,OYZ,SXD,TFN

Cai, Z.; Brauen, S. E.; Geal y, D. R.; Johnston, W. J., and Lumpkin, T. A. Tolerance of Chinese Milkvetch (Astragalus sinicus) to Herbicides. GRO,MOR,PHYSOIL,ENV; 1992; 6, (1): 104-107. Rec #: 40 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACF,BT,HXZ,PZM), OK (ACR,CPP,DCPA,DU,EPTC,LCF,MTL,PMT,QZFE,SXD,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 161547 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,ACF,ACR,BMN,BT,CPP,DCPA ,DFPM,DU,EPTC,FZFB,HXZ,IM Q,IZT,LCF,MBZ,MCPA,MTL,P MT,PZM,QZFE,SXD,TFN,TRB,TRL

Callan, E. J. and Kennedy, C. W. Tolerance of Stokes Aster to Selected Herbicides. GRO,MORSOIL,ENV; 1995; 4, (4): 285-290. Rec #: 1010 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACFNa ,BT,MTL), OK (CRM,FSF,NFZ,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 73964 Chemical of Concern: ACFNa,BT ,CRM,FSF,IMQ,MBZ,MTL,NFZ,TFN,VNT

Canaday, C. H.; Helsel, D. G., and Wyllie, T. D. Eff ects of Herbicide-Induced Stress on Root Colonization of Soybeans by Macrophomina phaseolina. GRO,POPSOIL,ENV; 1986; 70, (9): 863-866. Rec #: 460 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACFNa,BT,GYPI), OK (ACR,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 106767 Chemical of Concern: 24DBDMA,A CFNa,ACR,BT,DMDB, GYPI,TFN,VNT

Ceballos, R.; Palma, G.; Brevis, H.; Ortega, F., and Quiroz, A. Effect of Five Postemergence Herbicides on Red Clover Shoot and Root Growth in Greenhouse Studies. GRO,PHY. Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas,Universidad de La Frontera,Temuco,Chile //: SOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2004; 85, (3): 153-160. Rec #: 1230 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,FTS) Notes: EcoReference No.: 158809 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,BT,FTS,HFPM,MCPA

Chachalis, D.; Reddy, K. N., and El more, C. D. Characterization of Leaf Surface, Wax Composition, and Control of Redvine and Trumpetcreeper with Glyphosate. GRO,PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2001; 49, 156-163. Rec #: 290 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (ACF,CRM,GYP) Notes: EcoReference No.: 59375 Chemical of Concern: ACF,BT,CRM,GYP,IMQ,PTB

Choate, J.; Wehtje, G., and Bowen, K. L. Interactio n of Paraquat-Based Weed Control with ChlorothalonilBased Disease Control in Peanut. PHY,POP. kbo wen@acesag.auburn.edu//: SO IL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1998; 11, (2): 151-152, 191-195. Rec #: 780 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,CTN), OK (PAQT,PQT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 63773 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,BT,CTN,PAQT,PQT

Clark, S. A. and Mahanty, H. K. Influence of Herbicides on Growth and Nodulation of White Clover, Trifolium repens. BCM,GRO,MORSOIL,ENV; 1991; 23, (8): 725-730. Rec #: 730



### Page 123 of 140Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (MCPB,PAQT,PZM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 76140 Chemical of Concern: BT,FZFB,MCPB,PAQT,PZM

Clay, D. V. The Response of Stra wberry to a Range of Foliage Actin g Herbicides. GRO,PHYSOIL,ENV; 1972; 11, 409-416. Rec #: 960 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,GYPI,P HMD,PYZ), TARGET2012 (GYPI,PHMD,PYZ) Notes: EcoReference No.: 40855 Chemical of Concern: BMNO,BT,GYPI,MBZ,ODZ,PHMD,PYZ

Clay, S. A. and Oelke, E. A. Chemical Control of Giant Burreed (Sparganium eurycarpum) in Wild Rice (Zizania palustris). PHY,POPAQUA; 1990; 4, (2): 294-298. Rec #: 300 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,DMDP,PPN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 104936 Chemical of Concern: BT,DMDP,PPN

Cox, K. G. and Harrington, K. C. Selective Herbicide Strategies for Use in Australian Desmanthus Seed Crops. GRO,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2005; 39, (3): 171-181. Rec #: 50 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACFNa,ATZ,B T,CLT,FTS,GYPI,HXZ,OXF,PDM,PZM,SZ), OK (ACR,CPP,CRME,DCPA,DMDP,D QTBr,DU,EPTC,LNR,MCPB,MTL,NFZ,OYZ,PQT,PYZ,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 157094 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,ACFNa,ACO,ACR,ASM,ATZ, BMN,BT,CLT,CPP,CRME,CSF,C ZE,DCPA,DMDP,DQTBr,DU,EF S,EPTC,FTS,GYPI,HFPM,HXZ,IMQ,IZT,LNR,M BZ,MCPA,MCPB,MTL,MTZ,NFZ,ODZ,OXF,OYZ,PD M,PQT,PYD,PYZ,PZM,SZ,TFN,TRB

Cromack, H. T. H.; Smith, J. M., and Morton, K. Weed Control in New Industrial Oilseed Species. GRO,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1997; 2, 845-850. Rec #: 60 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,IXB), NO CONC (SZ), OK (CPP,DCPA,LNR,PDM,PHMD,PZM,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 165509 Chemical of Concern: BT,CPP,CPR,DCPA,IXB,LNR,PCH,PDM,PHMD,PZM,SZ,TFN

Cutulle, M. A.; Armel, G. R.; Brosna n, J. T.; Kopsell, D. A.; Klingema n, W. E.; Flanagan, P. C.; Breeden, G. K.; Vargas, J. J.; Koepke-Hill, R., and Holcomb, M. A. Evaluation of Container Ornamental Species Tolerance to Three p-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxyg enase-Inhibiting Herbicid es. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV; 2013; 23, 319-324. Rec #: 1380 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (Conazoles,FTF) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167058 Chemical of Concern: BT,Conazoles,FTF

Da Silva, R. A.; Quintela, E. D.; Mascarin, G. M.; Ba rrigossi, J. A. F., and Liao, L. M. Compatibility of Conventional Agrochemicals Used in Rice Crops with the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. POP,REPENV,MIXTURE; 2013; 70, (3): 152-160. Rec #: 1390 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,GYPI), NO MIXTURE (IZP), OK (24D,24DXY,ADC,CYP,FPN,LCYT,MP ,MTM,PDM), TARGET2012 (AZX) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167044 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,ADC,AZX,BT,CYP,Conazoles,DFC,FPN,GYPI,IAZ,IZP,LCYT,MP,MTM,NNCT,PDM,TFX ,TMX



### Page 124 of 140Dann, E. K.; Diers, B. W., and Hammerschmidt, R. Suppression of Sclerotinia Stem Rot of Soybean by Lactofen Herbicide Treatment. BCM,POP. danne@agric.usyd.edu.au//E.K. Dann, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006 , Australia//: SOIL,ENV; 1999; 89, (7): 598-602. Rec #: 940 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACFNa,ALSV,BT,FSF,LCF,MOIL), NO MIXTURE (CRME) Notes: EcoReference No.: 63792 Chemical of Concern: ACFNa,ALSV,BT,CRME,FSF,IZT,LCF,MOIL,THFM

Das, P. K. and Bagchi, S. N. Bentazone and Bromoxynil Induce H+ and H2O2 Accumulation, and Inhibit Photosynthetic O2 Evolution in Synechococcous elongatus PCC7942. BCM,PHYAQUA; 2010; 97, 256- 261. Rec #: 1340 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,DU) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167045 Chemical of Concern: BMN,BT,DU

---. Role of Bacterioferritin Comigratory Protein and Glutathione Peroxidase-Reductase System in Promoting Bentazone Tolerance in a Mutant of Synechococcus elongatus PCC7942. BCM,CEL,POPAQUA; 2012; 249, 65-74. Rec #: 1400 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167046 Chemical of Concern: BT

Dastgheib, F.; Plew, J. N., and Hill, G. D. Chemical Weed Control in Chickpeas. POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1995; 0, 186-188. Rec #: 330 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT, CLT,TBZ), NO MIXTURE (MCPB) Notes: EcoReference No.: 120308 Chemical of Concern: BT,CLT,CZE,MBZ,MCPB,TBZ

De la Broise, D. and Stachowski-Haberkorn, S. Evaluation of the Partial Renewal of In Situ Phytoplankton Microcosms and Application to the Impact Asse ssment of Bentazon and Dimethenamid. BCM,POP. Denis.de-labroise@univ-brest.fr//LEMAR, IUEM, UEB, Universite de Bretagne Occidentale, rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280 Plouzane, France//: AQUA; 2012; 64, (11): 2480-2488. Rec #: 1310 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 160601 Chemical of Concern: BT,DMM

De Prado, R.; Sanchez, M.; Jorr in, J., and Dominguez, C. Negative Cross-Resistance to Bentazone and Pyridate in Atrazine-Resistant Amaranthus cruentus and Amaranthus hybridus Biotypes. BCM,MORSOIL,ENV; 1992; 35, (2): 131-136. Rec #: 70 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT), OK (ACR) Notes: EcoReference No.: 153967 Chemical of Concern: ACO,ACR,ATZ,BT,CZE,MCPA,PCH,PYD

Degenhardt, R. F.; Spaner, D.; Harker, K. N.; McGregor, W. R., and Hall, L. M. Effect of Herbicides on Field Violet (Viola arvensis) in Direct-Seeded Spring Wheat. POP,REPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2005; 19, (2): 359-371. Rec #: 420 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO MIXTURE (24D,24DXY,DMB,FSM,MCPP1), OK (GYP,LNR,MTS) Notes: EcoReference No.: 120676 Chemical of Concern:



### Page 125 of 14024D,24DXY,BT,CLFP,CPR,DMB,FSM,FXP,GYP ,LNR,MBZ,MCPA,MCPP1,MTS,SFS,TBNU,THF

Dernoeden, P. H. Perennial Ryegrass Control in Bermudagrass and Zoysiagrass. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV; 1995; 1, (1): 31-47. Rec #: 80 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (MTS,PZM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 161465 Chemical of Concern: BT,CSF,DFP,FZF,MTS,PZM

Derr, J. F.; Chandran, R. S., and Ward, W. D. Preemergence and Postemergence Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Control with MON 12000 in Nursery Crops. GRO,PHY,POPSOIL,ENV; 1996; 10, (1): 95-99. Rec #: 880 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODE D (BT,MTL), OK (CRM,GYP) Notes: EcoReference No.: 73806 Chemical of Concern: BT,CRM,GYP,IMQ,MTL

Dewitte, K.; Latre, J., and Haesaer t, G. Possibilities of Chemical Weed Control in Lupinus albus and Lupinus luteus-Screening of Herbicides. CEL,GRO, PHY. University College Ghent, Department of Biotechnology, Landscape Architecture and Agriculture, Belgium////: SOIL,ENV; 2006; 71, (3a): 743-751. Rec #: 90 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO EFFECT (CTN), OK (CMZ,FSM,GFSNH,IXB,LNR,PDM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 157133 Chemical of Concern: BT,CMZ,CTN,Con azoles,FSM,GFSNH,IXB,LNR,PDM,TEZ,THFM

Eriksson, S. Postemergence Herbicides in Swedis h Willow Stands. POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1988; 15, (1): 55-66. Rec #: 860 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO MIXTURE (TBZ), OK (LNR,PHMD,PPN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 117338 Chemical of Concern: BT ,CZE,LNR,MBZ,PHMD,PPN,TBZ

Espaillat, J. R.; French, E. C.; Colvin, D. L.; West, S. H., and Meister, C. W. Phytotoxicity Screening of Four Post-Emergence Applied Herbicides on Seven Herbs. PHYSOIL,ENV; 1993; 52, 33-39. Rec #: 840 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,SZ), OK (DMB,NFZ) Notes: EcoReference No.: 70611 Chemical of Concern: BT,DMB,NFZ,SZ

Evers, G. W.; Grichar, W. J.; Pohler, C. L., and Schubert, A. M. Tolerance of Three Annual Forage Legumes to Selected Postemergence Herbicides. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV; 1993; 7, (3): 735-739. Rec #: 100 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (24D,24DXY,PZM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 161860 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DB,24DXY,BT,IZT,MCPA,PZM

Frans, R. E. and Blythe, T. O. Herbicide Field Eval uation Trials on Field Crops, 1974. PHY,POP. Dep. Agron.,Univ. Arkansas,Fayetteville,AR//: SO IL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1975; 230, 28 p. Rec #: 1290 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT,OXF), NO MIXTURE (GYPI), OK (ACR,BTY,CPP,DCPA,DMB,DU,LNR,OYZ,PAQT,PDM,PMT,PPZ,PQT,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 159677 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,ACR,ATZ,BFL,BT,BTL,BTY, CPP,CZE,DCPA,DEE,DFPM,DMB,DU,FMU,GYPI,LNR,MBZ,MS MA,MTZ,NPM,ODZ,OXF,OYZ,PAQT,PDM,PMT,PPZ,PQT,TFN,VNT



### Page 126 of 140Frihauf, J. C.; Stahlman, P. W., and Geier, P. W. Winter Wheat and Weed Response to Postemergence Saflufenacil Alone and in Mixtures. CEL,GROSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2010; 24, 262-268. Rec #: 1410 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167047 Chemical of Concern: BAS800H,BT

Galhano, V.; Peixoto, F., and Gomes-Laranjo, J. Bentazon Triggers the Promotion of Oxidative Damage in the Portuguese Ricefield Cyanobacter ium Anabaena cylindrica: Respon se of the Antioxidant System. BCM. vgalhano@utad.pt//Department of Biology and Environment/Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, University of Tras-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Apartado 1013 - 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal//: AQUA; 2010; 25, (5): 517-526. Rec #: 1140 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167072 Chemical of Concern: BT

Galhano, V.; Peixoto, F.; Gomes-Laranjo, J., and Fernandez-Valiente, E. Co mparative Toxicity of Bentazon and Molinate on Growth, Photosynthetic Pigments, Photosynthesis, and Respiration of the Portuguese Ricefield Cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum. BCM,PHY,POPAQUA; 2010; 25, (2): 147-156. Rec #: 1130 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,MLT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167073 Chemical of Concern: BT,MLT

---. Differential Effects of Bentazon and Molin ate on Anabaena cylindric a, an Autochthonous Cyanobacterium of Portuguese Ri ce Field Agro-Ecosystems. BCM,P HY,POPAQUA; 2009; 197, 211- 222. Rec #: 1420 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,MLT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167048 Chemical of Concern: BT,MLT

Galhano, V.; Santos, H.; Oliveira, M. M.; Gomes-Laranjo, J., and Peixoto, F. Changes in Fatty Acid Profile and Antioxidant Systems in a Nostoc muscorum Strain Exposed to the Herbicide Bentazon. BCMAQUA; 2011; 46, 2152-2162. Rec #: 1430 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167049 Chemical of Concern: BT

Gaynor, J. D. and Hamill, A. S. Bentazon Preemergence Activity on Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti Medic) and Persistence in Southwestern Ontario Soils. GRO,MOR,POPSOIL,ENV; 1983; 63, 1015-1022. Rec #: 260 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO EFFECT (ACR), OK (PAQT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 41019 Chemical of Concern: ACR,BT,PAQT

Gilreath, J. P. Chemical Weed Control in Flow ering Gladiolus. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1984; 97, 297-299. Rec #: 110 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACF,BS,BT,SZ), NO MIXTURE (ACR,CPP), OK (DU,MTL,OXF,OYZ,PDM,PZM,SXD,TBC) Notes: EcoReference No.: 161849 Chemical of Concern: ACF,ACR,BS,BT,CPP,DU,EFS,FZFB,MBZ,MTL,NPP,OXF,OYZ,PDM,PEB,PZM,SXD,SZ,TBC



### Page 127 of 140Gilreath, J. P. and Harba ugh, B. K. Chemical Weed Control in Caladiums. GRO,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1985; 20, (6): 1056-1058. Rec #: 340 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,SZ), NO EFFECT (MBCP), OK (ACR,DU,OXF,OYZ) Notes: EcoReference No.: 70669 Chemical of Concern: ACR,BT ,DU,FZFB,MBCP,MBZ,OXF,OYZ,SZ

Gilreath, J. P.; Harbaugh, B. K., and Lott, C. S. Chemical Weed Control in Caladiums Grown in Organic Soil. GRO,POP. Gulf Coast Res. Educ. Cent.,Univ. Flor ida, IFAS,Bradenton,F L//: SOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1986; 98, 107-110. Rec #: 1250 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACFNa,BT,OXF,SZ), OK (ACR,DU,OYZ,SXD) Notes: EcoReference No.: 159599 Chemical of Concern: ACFNa,ACR,BT, DU,EDB,EFS,FZFB,MBZ,NPP,OXF,OYZ,SXD,SZ

Grichar, W. J. Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus escule ntus) Control in Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea). POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1992; 6, (1): 108-112. Rec #: 1110 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO EFFECT (SXD,TFN), OK (ACR,FSF,MTL) Notes: EcoReference No.: 74011 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,A CR,BT,FSF,MTL,PYD,SXD,TFN,VNT

Grichar, W. J.; Besler, B. A., and Brewer, K. D. Citr onmelon (Citrullus lanatus var. citroides) Control in Texas Peanut (Arachis hypogaea) Using Postemer gence Herbicides. POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2001; 15, (3): 481-484. Rec #: 360 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO EFFECT (SXD), OK (ACF,LCF) Notes: EcoReference No.: 67125 Chemical of Concern: 24DB, ACF,BT,IAZ,IZT,LCF,PYD,SXD

Grichar, W. J.; Evers, G. W.; Besler, B. A., and Ja ks, A. J. Henbit (Lamium amplexicaule L.) Control and Forage Legume Tolerance to Selected Postemergence Herbicides. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1996; 15, (1): 55-62. Rec #: 620 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,PZM), OK (DMDP) Notes: EcoReference No.: 114321 Chemical of Concern: 24DBDMA,BT,DMDB,DMDP,MCPA,PZM

Grichar, W. J.; Evers, G. W.; Pohler, C. L., and Schubert, A. M. Use of Postemergence Herbicides for Weed Control on Clovers. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV; 1987; 4537, 64-66. Rec #: 120 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (24D,24DXY,PZM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 161961 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DB,24DXY,BT,MCPAI,MCPANa,PZM

Grossmann, K.; Berghaus, R., and Retzlaff, G. He terotrophic Plant Cell Suspension Cultures for Monitoring Biological Activity in Agrochemical Re search. Comparison with Screens Using Algae, Germinating Seeds and Whole Plants. POP,REPSOIL,AQUA,ENV; 1992; 35, (3): 283-289. Rec #: 710 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (24D,24DXY,ACFNa,ACR,ATZ,BT,CPP,DU,GFSNH,GYP,NFZ,OXF,PAQT,PDM,PHMD,PMT,PPN,SX D) Notes: EcoReference No.: 78497 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,ACFNa,ACR,ASM,ATZ,BT,CPP,CSF,DBN,DFPM,DU,GFSNH,GYP,IMQ,IZT,MBZ,MCP A,NFZ,NP,OXF,PAQT,PDM,PHMD,PMT,PPN,SXD



### Page 128 of 140Harrington, K. C. and Fakava, V. T. Herbicide Tolerance of Garden Nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus). GRO,PHY,REP. Plant Sci. Dep.,Massey Univ.,Palmers ton North,N. Z//: SOIL,ENV; 1993; 46, 49-52. Rec #: 1300 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,OXF,SZ), OK (CPP,DU,OYZ) Notes: EcoReference No.: 159518 Chemical of Concern: ASM,BT,CPP,CPR,DU,MBZ,MTZ,ODZ,OXF,OYZ,SZ,TRB

Harrington, K. C.; Southward, R. C.; Kitchen, K. L., and He, X. Z. Inves tigation of Herbicides Tolerated by Stevia rebaudiana Crops. GRO,PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2011; 39, (1): 21-33. Rec #: 1180 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,CLT,FTS,PDM,PZM), NO MIXTURE (ACR,DDP,PHMD), OK (BMC,LNR,OYZ,PMT,PYZ,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 157121 Chemical of Concern: ACR,ASM,BMC,BT,CLT,DDP,EFS,FTS,FXPM,IZT,LNR,MBZ,OYZ,PDM,PHMD,PMT,PYD,PYZ,PZM ,TFN,THFM,TRB

Harrison, S. and Oliver, L. R. Texas Gourd, a Potentially Serious Weed Problem to Arkansas Producers. PHY,POP. Agric. Exp. Stn.,Univ. Arkansas,Fayetteville,AR//: SOIL,E NV,MIXTURE; 1977; 26, (3): 7. Rec #: 1270 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,OXF), OK (ACR,LNR) Notes: EcoReference No.: 159679 Chemical of Concern: 24D B,ACR,BT,LNR,MBZ,ODZ,OXF

Hartley, M. J. Herbicide Tolerance an d Weed Control in Culinary Herbs. GRO,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1993; 46, 35-39. Rec #: 130 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,SZ), NO MIXTURE (DQT,PAQT), OK (DU,LNR,OYZ,PDM,PZM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 161883 Chemical of Concern: BT,DQT,DU,LN R,MBZ,ODZ,OYZ,PAQT,PDM,PZM,SZ,TRB

Hartzler, R. G. and Foy, C. L. Compatibility of BAS 9052 OH with Acifluorfen and Bentazon. POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1983; 31, 597-599. Rec #: 370 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACF,BT,SXD) Notes: EcoReference No.: 25260 Chemical of Concern: ACF,BT,SXD

Hawton, D. and Johnson, I. D. G. Weed Control in Peanuts in North Queensland. POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1981; 21, (109): 218-222. Rec #: 1040 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (CTN,MCPB,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 75856 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,BT,CTN,MCPB,TFN,VNT

Hope III, J. H. Biology, Control and Competition of Sp otted Spurge Euphorbia maculata L. in Soybeans. POP,REPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1982: 63 p. (UMI#8225341). Rec #: 270 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACF ,BT,LNR,PDM), OK (ACR,KNO3,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 116813 Chemical of Concern: ACF,ACR,BT,GIB,KNO3,LNR,MBZ,PDM,TFN,VNT

Huang, H. C. and Blackshaw, R. E. Influence of Herbicides on the Carpogenic Germination of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Sclerotia. REPSOIL,ENV; 1995; 36, (1): 59-64. Rec #: 740



### Page 129 of 140Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT,GYPI,SZ), OK (24D,24DXY,DMB,EMSF,EPTC,LNR,MTL,PHMD,PQT,SXD,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 70745 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,ATZ,BMN,BT,CPR,CZE,DFPM,DFQM,DM B,EFL,EMSF,EPTC,FZFB,FZFP,GYPI,IZT,LN R,MBZ,MCPAI,MTL,PHMD,PQT ,SXD,SZ,TFN,THF,TKY,TRL

Huckaba, R. M. and Coble, H. D. Effect of Herbicides on Soybean Thrips (Sericothrips variablis) in Soybeans (Glycine max). PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1990; 4, 475-477. Rec #: 430 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (ACR,SXD) Notes: EcoReference No.: 71052 Chemical of Concern: ACR,BT,MBZ,NPM,SXD,TDN,VNT

Ishaya, D. B.; Dadari, S. A., and Shebayan, J. A. Y. Evaluation of Herbicides for Weed Control in Three Varieties of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the Nigerian Savannah. GRO,PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2007; 26, (10): 1490-1495. Rec #: 550 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (24D,24DXY,PPN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 114320 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,BT,ODZ,PPN,PSF

Ivany, J. A.; Lea, J.; McCully, K. V., and Kunelius, H. T. Herbicide Effect on Growth and Seed Production of Lolium multiflorum in Atlantic Canada. PH Y,POP,REPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2002; 21, (10): 991- 995. Rec #: 640 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO MIXTURE (DMB), OK (24D,24DXY) Notes: EcoReference No.: 120486 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,BMN,BT,DMB,MCPA,TBNU,THF

Ivens, G. W. Preliminary Evalua tion of Pre- and Post-Emergence Herbicides in 'Maku' Lotus. GRO,POPSOIL,ENV; 1975; 28, 31-34. Rec #: 890 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT,PZM), OK (MCPB) Notes: EcoReference No.: 40783 Chemical of Concern: 24D B,ATZ,BT,CZE,MBZ,MCPB,PZM

Jagschitz, J. A. Use of Activated Charcoal to Nullif y the Harmful Effects of Chemicals in Turfgrass. GRO,PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1974; 49, 399-409. Rec #: 140 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BS,BT,MLH,SZ), OK (24D,24DXY,ALSV,BMC,DCPA,DMB,LNR,MCPP1,PAQT,SID) Notes: EcoReference No.: 154340 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,ALSV,AMTL,AsO3Na,BFL,BMC,BMN,BS,BT,BTL,CCA,DCPA,DMB,DSMA,EDT,LNR, MCPP1,MLH,ODZ,PAQT,PCL,SID,SZ

Johnson, B. J. Purple Nutsedge Control with Bentazon and Perfluidone in Turfgrasses. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV; 1975; 23, (5): 349-353. Rec #: 900 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 41126 Chemical of Concern: BT

---. Spotted-Spurge Control in Bermudagrass Golf Greens with Herbicides: A Preliminary Report. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1976; 18, 24-25.



### Page 130 of 140Rec #: 930 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO MIXTURE (24D,24DXY,MCPP1), OK (DMB) Notes: EcoReference No.: 25166 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,BT,DMB,MBZ,MCPP1,MSMA,MTZ

---. Winter Annual Weed Control in Dormant Berm udagrass Turf. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1977; 25, (2): 145-150. Rec #: 1090 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO MIXTURE (24D,24DXY,CPP,DMB,DPP1,MCPP1), OK (GYP,PAQT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 29570 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,BMN,B T,CPP,DMB,DPP1,GYP,M BZ,MCPP1,MTZ,PAQT

Jordan, D. L. Interactions of Fenoxaprop-Ethyl with Bensulfuron and Bentazon in Dry-Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa). PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1995; 9, (4): 724-727. Rec #: 790 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,FNPPE) Notes: EcoReference No.: 63460 Chemical of Concern: BSFM,BT,FNPPE

Karimmojeni, H.; Pirbaloti, A. G.; Kudsk, P.; Kanani, V., and Ghafori, A. Influence of Postemergence Herbicides on Weed Management in Spring-Sown Linseed. GRO,POP,REPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2013; 105, (3): 821-826. Rec #: 1320 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO MIXTURE (DPP2,MCPP2), OK (24D,24DXY) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167061 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,BMN,BT,DPP2,MCPA,MCPP2

Kegode, G. O. and Fronning, B. E. Artemisia biennis (Biennial Wormwood) Control is Influenced by Plant Size and Weed Flora at Time of Herbicide Application. POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2005; 24, (10): 915- 920. Rec #: 1160 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO ENDPOINT (GFS), OK (GYPI) Notes: EcoReference No.: 155460 Chemical of Concern: BT,GFS,GYPI

Kern, A. D.; Meggit, W. F., and Penner, D. Yellow Nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) Control in Kentucky Bluegrass (Poa pratensis) with Bentazon, Cyperquat, and Perfluidone. GRO,PHY,POPSOIL,ENV; 1978; 26, 280-283. Rec #: 1120 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 30501 Chemical of Concern: BT

King, J. M. and Handley, R. P. Post-Emergence Herbicide Experiments in Peas and Dwarf Beans. GRO,PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1972; 11, 539-546. Rec #: 850 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,MCPB,MLNR), NO MIXTURE (MCPB,MLNR) Notes: EcoReference No.: 41169 Chemical of Concern: BT,CZE,MCPB,MLNR

Kulmi, G. S. Associated Weed Flora and Their Sus ceptibility to Herbicides in Transplanted Rice. GRO,POPSOIL,ENV; 1991; 36, (1): 113-116. Rec #: 250 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (PDM,TBC) Notes: EcoReference No.: 108903



### Page 131 of 140Chemical of Concern: BT,ODZ,PDM,TBC

Kurtz, M. E. and Neill, S. W. Tolerance of Kenaf to Selected Postemergence Herbicides. GRO,PHY. Delta Branch,Mississi i Agric. For. Ex . Stn.,Stone ville,MS//: SOIL,ENV; 1992; 6, (1): 125-128. Rec #: 150 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACF,BT, CLT), OK (CRM,FSF,LCF,MTS,SMU,SXD) Notes: EcoReference No.: 157110 Chemical of Concern: ACF,BT,CLT,CRM,FSF, FZFP,IAZ,IMQ,IZT,LCF,MSMA,MTS,SMU,SXD

Lins, R. D.; Colquhoun, J. B.; Cole, C. M., and Ma llory-Smith, C. A. Postemergence Small Broomrape (Orobanche minor) Control in Red Clover. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2005; 19, (2): 411-415. Rec #: 160 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (GYP,PDM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 156871 Chemical of Concern: BMN,BT,GYP,IZT,IZX,MCPA,PDM

Malik, N. Weed Control During Establishment and Yield Response of Timothy (Phleum pratense). GRO,PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1990; 4, (3): 598-605. Rec #: 170 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,FNP), NO MIXTURE (DMB,MCPP1), OK (MTS,SXD) Notes: EcoReference No.: 158139 Chemical of Concern: BMN,BT,CSF,DF P,DMB,FNP,MCPA,MCPP1,MTS,SXD,THF

Mandal, A. R. and Maiti, R. G. Efficacy of Diffe rent Herbicides for Weed Control in Fenugreek (Trigonella-foenum graecum L.). GRO,POP,REPSOIL,ENV; 1994; 12, (1): 138-142. Rec #: 510 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,PDM), OK (PAQT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 51854 Chemical of Concern: BT,PAQT,PDM

Martensson, A. M. Effects of Ag rochemicals and Heavy Metals on Fast-Growing Rhizobia and Their Symbiosis with Small-Seeded Legumes. GROSOIL,ENV,TOP; 1992; 24, (5): 435-445. Rec #: 450 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,MZB), OK (BMY,CuCl,GYP,ZnCl2) Notes: EcoReference No.: 68711 Chemical of Concern: BMY,BT,CSF,CuCl,GYP,HgCl,MCPA,MZB,ZnCl2

McCarty, L. B. and Colvin, D. L. Carpetgr ass Response to Postemergence Herbicides. PHYSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1991; 5, (3): 563-565. Rec #: 280 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT,TPR), OK (24D,24DXY,DMB,MCPP1,MTS,SMU,SXD) Notes: EcoReference No.: 110809 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,ASM,ATZ,BT ,DFP,DMB,IMQ,MCPP1,MSMA,MTS,SMU,SXD,TPR

Mehra, S. P.; Sidhu, P. S., a nd Gill, H. S. Studies on Weed Control in Irrigated Groundnut. GRO,POP,REPSOIL,ENV; 19 87; 24, (1): 8-14. Rec #: 1190 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (PDM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 157199 Chemical of Concern: BT,ODZ,PDM

Mengistu, L. W.; Christoffers, M. J., and Lym, R. G. A psbA Mutation in Kochia scoparia (L) Schrad from Railroad Rights-of-Way with Resistance to Diuron, Tebuthiuron and Metribuzin. GROSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2005; 61, (11): 1035-1042. Rec #: 240 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT,GYP,O XF,TET), OK (2 4D,24DXY,DMB,DU,IZP,SMU)



### Page 132 of 140Notes: EcoReference No.: 116117 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,ATZ,BMN,BT ,DMB,DU,FXP,GYP,IZP,IZX,MBZ,OXF,SMU,TET

Mishra, J. S. and Bhan, V. M. Chemical Contro l of Carrot Grass (Parthen ium hysterophorus) and Associated Weeds in Soybean (Glycine max). POP,REPSOIL,ENV; 1996; 66, (9): 518-521. Rec #: 310 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,MTL,OXF) , TARGET2012 (ACR,MTL,OXF,PDM), WEEDS (ACR,PDM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 73792 Chemical of Concern: ACR,BT,MTL,ODZ,OXF,PDM

Mitchell, R. B.; Abernethy, R. J., and McGimpsey, J. A. Herbicide Tolerance of Transplanted Dalmatian Sage and Oregano. GRO,MOR,POP. Agresearch, Invermay Agricultural Centre, Mosgiel, N. Z//: SOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1995; 48, 327-330. Rec #: 670 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,PDM, SZ), OK (DCPA,LNR,OYZ,PMT,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 71310 Chemical of Concern: BT,DBN,DCP A,LNR,MBZ,OYZ,PDM,PMT,SZ,TFN,TRB

Moerkerk, M. R. Chemical Control of Bedstraw (Galium tricornutum Dandy) in Wheat, Barley, Field Peas, Chickpeas and Faba Beans in Southern Australia. POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1999; 14, (1): 24-29. Rec #: 320 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,SZ), NO MIXTURE (ATZ), OK (CMZ,DMB,DMDP,DU,FMX,FTS,MCPP2,MTSM,SFZ,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 70008 Chemical of Concern: ATZ,BMN,BT,CMZ,CSF,DMB,DMDP,DU,FMX,FTS, FXP,IZT,MBZ,MCPP2,MTSM,PYD,SFZ,SZ,TFN

Mohamed, A. and Taha, A. A. Herbicide Screening for Economic Production of Snap Beans in the Sudan. BCM,POPSOIL,ENV; 1984; 143, 433-437. Rec #: 660 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (EPTC,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 44124 Chemical of Concern: BT,EPTC,TFN

Moore, J. D. and Banks, P. A. Interactions of Fo liarly Applied Herbicides on Three Weed Species in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea). GRO,POPSOIL,ENV,MI XTURE; 1991; 39, (4): 614-621. Rec #: 800 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACR,BT,LCF,PQT,SAMA) Notes: EcoReference No.: 96887 Chemical of Concern: ACR,BT,LCF,NPM,PQT,SAMA

Moyer, J. R.; Smoliak, S., and Johnston, A. Tole rance of Seedling Cicer Milkvetch to Herbicides. MOR,PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1979; 59, 1155-1157. Rec #: 1000 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,SZ), OK (BTY,DFQ,DMB,DMDP,EPTC,GYP,MCPB,PPN,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 41557 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,ASM,BMN,BT,BTY,DFPM,DFQ,DMB,DMD P,EPTC,GYP,MCPA,MCPB,PPN,SZ,TFN,TRL

Mukhopadhyay, S. K. Effects of Herbicides and Insecticides Alone and Their Combinations on Soil Microflora. POP. Coll. Agric., Visva-Bharati Un iv., Sriniketan, 731236, India//: SOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1980; 12, (1): 53-60. Rec #: 470 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT,SZ), NO MIXTURE (CBF,PRT), OK (BTY,LNR,PMT,PPN)



### Page 133 of 140Notes: EcoReference No.: 71311 Chemical of Concern: ATZ,BT,BTC,BTY,CBF,LNR,PCH,PMT,PPN,PRT,SZ

Nielsen, L. W. and Dahllof, I. Di rect and Indirect Effects of the He rbicides Glyphosate, Bentazone and MCPA on Eelgrass (Zostera marina). BCM,CEL, GRO,POPAQUA,MIXTURE; 2007; 82, (1): 47-54. Rec #: 400 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,GYP) Notes: EcoReference No.: 109342 Chemical of Concern: BT,GYP,MCPA

Novo, R. J.; Darre, C. A., and Zumelzu, G. Weed Control in Aloysia polystachya with Pre and Post Emergence Herbicides. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV; 1998; 20, (3): 679-682. Rec #: 1020 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,CLT,PDM,SZ), OK (FSF,PAQT,PMT,PQT,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 70779 Chemical of Concern: BMN,BT,CLT,FSF,FZFB,IZT,PAQT,PDM,PMT,PQT,SZ,TFN,TRB

Okafor, L. I. Chemical Weed Contro l in Direct-Seeded Irrigated Rice in the Lake Chad Basin, Nigeria. GRO,PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1986; 5, (3): 203-208. Rec #: 350 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (PPN,TBC) Notes: EcoReference No.: 108642 Chemical of Concern: BMN,BT,BTC,ODZ,PPN,TBC

Oliver, L. R.; Harrison, S. A., and McClelland, M. Ge rmination of Texas Gourd (Cucurbita texana) and Its Control in Soybeans (Glycine max). PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1983; 31, (5): 700-706. Rec #: 610 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,OXF), NO MIXTURE (MFD), OK (ACF,ACR,LNR) Notes: EcoReference No.: 25258 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,ACF, ACR,BT,CZE,LNR,MB Z,MFD,ODZ,OXF

Osuji, G. O. and Braithwaite, C. Signaling by Gl utamate Dehydrogenase in Response to Pesticide Treatment and Nitrogen Fertilization of Peanut (Ara chis hypogaea L.). BCM,POP. CARC, Prairie View A&M University, Texas 77446, USA. Godson_Osu ji@PVAMU.edu//: SOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1999; 47, (8): 3332-3344. Rec #: 1170 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,CBL,CTN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 156436 Chemical of Concern: BT,CBL,CTN,NHCl

Pathak, A. K.; Sankaran, S., and De Datta, S. K. Ef fect of Herbicide and Moisture Level on Rottboellia cochinchinensis and Cyperus rotundus in Upland Rice. POPSOIL,ENV; 1989; 35, (3): 311-315. Rec #: 1200 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,OXF), OK (24D,24DXY,PDM,TBC) Notes: EcoReference No.: 157046 Chemical of Concern: 24D,2 4DXY,BT,BTC,ODZ,OXF,PDM,TBC

Peng, G.; Bailey, K. L.; Hinz, H. L., and Byer, K. N. Colletotrichum sp.: A Potential Candidate for Biocontrol of Scentless Chamomile (Matri caria perforata) in Western Canada. PHYSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2005; 15, (5): 497-511. Rec #: 180 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167154 Chemical of Concern: BT,MBZ

Perschbacher, P. W.; Stone, N.; Ludwig, G. M., and Guy, C. B. Jr. Evaluation of Effects of Common



### Page 134 of 140Aerially-Applied Soybean Herbicides and Propanil on the Plankton Communities of Aquaculture Ponds. POPAQUA; 1997; 157, (1-2): 117-122. Rec #: 540 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,CLT, CRME,FSF,GYPI,PPN), OK (CRM,GYP) Notes: EcoReference No.: 53095 Chemical of Concern: ACF,ACFNa,BT,CLT, CRM,CRME,FSF,FZF,FZFB,GYP,GYPI,IMQ,PPN

Rajendran, R. and Kempuchetty, N. Weed Control in Dry-Seeded Lowland Rice. POPAQUA; 1998; 23, (1): 28-29. Rec #: 1030 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,TBC) Notes: EcoReference No.: 109606 Chemical of Concern: BT,TBC

Rao, S. R. Interactions of Mefluidide and Bentazon on Red Rice (Oryza sativa L.). ACC,GRO,PHYSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1981: 192 p. (UMI #8207835) (Publ in part as EcoRef 115148). Rec #: 810 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,MFD) Notes: EcoReference No.: 115149 Chemical of Concern: BT,MFD

Rao, S. R. and Harger, T. R. Mefluidide-Bentazon Interactions on Soybeans (Glycine max) and Red Rice (Oryza sativa). GROSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1981; 29, (2): 208-212. Rec #: 820 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO EFFECT (CBL), OK (MFD) Notes: EcoReference No.: 115148 Chemical of Concern: BT,CBL,MFD

Rijckaert, G. and Lepiece, D. Selec tivity of Florasulam in 4 Grass Speci es During the Seed Harvest Year. PHY,POP,REPSOIL,ENV; 2001; 66, (2b): 747-752. Rec #: 920 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,FSM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 89373 Chemical of Concern: BT,FSM

Rivas Pantoja, F.; Castillo Huchim, J., and Ortega Reyes, L. Selectivity of Herbicides and Weed Control in the Establishment of Brachiaria br izantha-Leucaena leucocephala Mixtures. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV; 2009; 47, (4): 339-355. Rec #: 1440 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167063 Chemical of Concern: BT,IZT,MBZ

Samsoe-Petersen, L. Effects of 67 Herbicides and Pl ant Growth Regulators on the Rove Beetle Aleochara bilineata (Col.: Staphylinidae) in the Laboratory. MOR,REPENV,MIX TURE; 1995; 40, (1): 95-104. Rec #: 440 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT,CQTC,DPP1,MCPP1,MLNR,MTL,SZ), NO MIXTURE (MCPP2,PDM), NO PUBL AS (BMC,CBL,DMDP,GFSNH,GYPI,MTSM,PZM,QZFE), OK (DPP2), TARGET2012 (CBL) Notes: EcoReference No.: 63490 Chemical of Concern: ATZ,BMC,BMN,BT,CBL,CQTC,D FPM,DMDP,DPP1,DPP2,EFS,FXP,FZFB,GFSNH,GYPI,MCPA,MCP P1,MCPP2,MLNR,MTL,MTSM,NAA,NAD,PDM,PYD,PZM,QZFE,SZ,TKY,TSF

Sanders, P. and Rahman, A. Evaluation of Thifensulfuron for Control of Some Pasture Weeds. POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1994; 47, 62-67.



### Page 135 of 140Rec #: 560 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (24D,24DXY,MCPB) Notes: EcoReference No.: 77184 Chemical of Concern: 24D,2 4DXY,BT,CPR,MCPA,MCPB,THFM

Schnelle, M. A. and Hensley, D. L. Effects of Pe sticides upon Nitrogen Fixation and Nodulation by Dry Bean. GRO,PHY. 368//: SOIL,ENV; 1990; 28, 83-88. Rec #: 490 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACR,BMY,BT,CBL,CTN,Captan,CuOH,DCF,DCPA,DZ,EPTC,ES,FNV,MLN,Maneb,PNB,SXD,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 53973 Chemical of Concern: ACR,BMY,BT,CBL,CTN,Captan,Cu OH,DCF,DCPA,DZ,EPTC,ES,FNV,MLN,Maneb,PNB,SXD,TBA,TF N

Singh, P. P. and Prasad, R. Studies on Chemical Weed Control in Fodd er Cowpea. POP. Dep. Agron.,G. B. Pant Univ. Agric. Technol.,Pantnagar,I ndia//: SOIL,ENV; 1987; 32, (3): 280-281. Rec #: 1240 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,OXF), OK (ACR,SXD) Notes: EcoReference No.: 159699 Chemical of Concern: ACR,BT,OXF,SXD

Smith, J. M. and Cromack, H. T. H. Weed Control in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) and Coriander (Coriandrum sativum). POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1993; 3, 1073-1078. Rec #: 190 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,IXB,PZM), OK (CPP,LNR,MTSM,PDM,PHMD,PMT,PYZ,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 161756 Chemical of Concern: BT,CPP,FXPM,IXB, LNR,MTSM,PCH,PDM,PHMD,PMT,PYZ,PZM,TFN

Stachler, J. M. Wild Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Management in Continuous No-Tillage Systems. GRO,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1995: 68 p. (UMI#1376354). Rec #: 1080 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACF,ATZ,BT), OK (ACR,CRM,DMB,DMDP,FMCP,FSF,FTS,GYP,LCF,LNR,MTL,PDM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 116814 Chemical of Concern: 24DXY,ACF,ACO,ACR,ATZ,BMN,BT,CPR,CRM,CZE,DBM,DMB,DMDP,DMM,FMCP,FSF,FTS,GYP ,HSF,IMQ,IZT,LCF,LNR,MBZ,MTL,NSF,PDM,PSF,TBNU,THF

Stachowski-Haberkorn, S.; Quiniou, F.; Nedelec, M.; Ro bert, R.; Limon, G., and De la Broise, D. In-Situ Microcosms, a Tool for Assessment of Pesticide Impacts on Oyster Spat (Crassostrea gigas). GRO,MOR,POPAQUA,MIXTURE; 2008; 17, (4): 235-245. Rec #: 720 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 111918 Chemical of Concern: BT,ECZ

Talbert, R. E. and Hodges, L. Field Evaluatio n of Herbicides in Vegetable Crops, 1977. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1978; 258, 15 p. Rec #: 200 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BS,BT,PDM), OK (ACR,CPP,DCPA,EPTC,MTL,PHMD,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 154363 Chemical of Concern: ACR,BS,BT,BTL,CPP,DC PA,DEE,DFPM,EFL,EPTC,MBZ,MTL,NPM,NPP,PDM,PEB,PHMD,TFN

Talbert, R. E.; Tierney, M. J.; Burgos, N. R.; Strebe, T. A.; Curless, J. K., and Mi esner, J. Field Evaluation



### Page 136 of 140of Herbicides on Small Fruit, Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, 1995. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1996; 452, 38 p. Rec #: 590 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACFNa,BT,CMZ,CPP,DDP,DMDP,GFSNH,GYP,IXB,MTL,OXF,OYZ,PHMD,PQT,PRM,SXD), NO MIXTURE (DCPA,DU,EPTC,FSF,FTS,SXD,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 73745 Chemical of Concern: ACFNa,ACO,BT,CMZ,CPP,CPR,CYC,DCPA,DDP,DMDP,DMM,DU,EPTC,FSF,FTS,GFSNH,GSF,GYP ,IXB,IZT,MBZ,MTL,NPP,OXF,OYZ,PHMD,PQT,PRM,SXD,TFN,TPZ

Talbert, R. E.; Tierney, M. J.; Burgos, N. R.; Strebe, T. A., and Kitt, M. J. Field Evaluation of Herbicides on Small Fruit, Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, 1994. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1995; 447, 53
p. Rec #: 600 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,CMZ,CPP,DCPA,DMDP,EPTC,FSF,GFSNH,GY PI,MTL,OYZ,PDM,PHMD,PQT,QNC,TFN,TPRT, Ziram), NO ENDPOINT (DCPA), NO MIXTURE (CLT,DU,FTS,SFZ,SXD) Notes: EcoReference No.: 73916 Chemical of Concern: BT,CLT,CMZ,CPP,CPR,CYC,DCPA,DEE,DMDP,DMM,DU,EFL,EPTC,FSF,FTS,FZP,GFSNH,GYPI,IZ T,MBZ,MTL,NPP,OYZ,PDM,PHMD,PQT,Q NC,SFZ,SXD,TFN,TPRT,TPZ,Ziram

Talbert, R. E.; Wichert, R. A.; Carey III, V. F.; Johnson, D. H.; Ruff, D. F., and Kendig, J. A. Field Evaluation of Herbicides on Small Fruit, Vegetable and Ornamental Crops 1991. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1992; 417, 58 p. Rec #: 580 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BS,BT,CLT,GFSNH,GYPI,IXB,OXF,PDM), NO CONC (SZ), NO EFFECT (ACFNa), NO MIXTURE (ATZ), OK (CMZ,CRME,DCPA,DU,EPTC,FSF,MTL,OYZ,PQT,SXD,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 70759 Chemical of Concern: ACFNa,ATZ,BS,BT,CLT,CMZ,CRM E,DCPA,DTP,DU,EFL,EPTC,FSF ,GFSNH,GYPI,IMQ,IXB,IZT,M BZ,MTL,NPM,NPP,OXF,OYZ,PDM,PQT,PYD,SXD,SZ,TFN,TPZ,TRB

Talbert, R. E.; Wichert, R. A.; McCarty, J. T.; Johnson, D. H.; Ruff, D. F.; Kendig, J. A., and Carey, V. F. Field Evaluation of Herbicides on Small Fruit, Vegetable and Ornamental Crops 1990. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1991; 412, 56 p. Rec #: 1150 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,CLT,GFSN H,IXB,OXF,PDM), NO ENDPOINT (ATZ), NO MIXTURE (ACF), OK (ACR,CMZ,CRME,DCPA,DU,EPTC, FSF,GYPI,LCF,MB,MTL,OYZ,PHMD,PQT,PRM,SXD,TFN), TARGET MANUAL (BS), WEEDS MANUAL (BS) Notes: EcoReference No.: 155813 Chemical of Concern: ACF,ACR,ATZ,BS,BT,CLT,CMZ, CPR,CRME,CYC,DCPA,DEE,DTP,DU,EFL,EPTC,FSF,GFSNH,GYP I,IAZ,IMQ,IXB,IZT,LCF,MB,M TL,MTZ,NPM,NPP,NSF,OXF,OYZ,PDM,PHMD,PQT,PRM,SXD,TFN, TRB

Taylor, S. G.; Baltensperger, D. D.; Perry, K. M., and Teem, D. H. Evaluation of Bentazon and Eight Other Postemergence Herbicides on Alyceclover (Alysicarpu s vaginalis (L.) DC.). PHYSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1985; 44, 39-43. Rec #: 530 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ACF,BT), OK (PAQT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 31499 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,ACF, BFL,BT,FZFB,MSMA ,NPM,PAQT,VNT



### Page 137 of 140Teasdale, J. R. and Thimijan, R. W. Influence of Light and Temperature on Bentazon Phytotoxicity to Cucumber (Cucumis sativus). GRO,PHYSOIL,ENV; 1983; 31, 232-235. Rec #: 750 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 41128 Chemical of Concern: BT

Thro, A. M.; Wier, A. T., and Barker, F. G. We ed Potential of the Forage Legume Aeschynomene (Aeschynomene americana) in Ri ce (Oryza sativa) and Soybeans (Gly cine max). PHY,POPSOIL,ENV; 1990; 4, (2): 284-290. Rec #: 1070 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (24D,2 4DXY,ACF,BT,CRME,FSF,LCF,LNR,OXF) Notes: EcoReference No.: 94593 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,ACF,BT,CRME,FSF,IMQ,LCF,LNR,OXF

Tu, C. M. Influence of Ten Herbicides on Activities of Microorganisms and Enzymes in Soil. POPSOIL,ENV; 1993; 51, (1): 30-39. Rec #: 760 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,DU,EPTC,MLNR,PPZ) Notes: EcoReference No.: 86410 Chemical of Concern: BT,DFPM,DU,EPTC,MLNR,NTP,PPZ

Van der Gulik, J. and Springett, J. A. The Effect of Commonly Used Biocides on Slugs. MORENV,MIXTURE,ORAL; 1980; 33, 225-229. Rec #: 950 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (24D,24DXY,ACR,ALSV,BMY,BT, CAP,CBD,CBL,CPP,Captan,DCPA,DZM,GYP,LNR,MAL,MCB,ML N,MOIL,MOM,MP,MTM,Maneb,PDMS,PMT,PQT,PRT,PZM,RTN,THM,VCZ) Notes: EcoReference No.: 79821 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,ACR,ALSV,AMTL,ASM,BMY,BT,CAP,CBD,CBL,CPP,Captan,CuOCl,DCPA,DDT,DINO, DZM,GYP,HCCH,LNR,MAL,MBZ,MCB,MCPA,MLN ,MOIL,MOM,MP,MTM,MTZ,Maneb,NaClO,PC H,PDMS,PMT,PPCP,PQT,PRT, PZM,RTN,THM,TPE,TPM,VCZ

Van Eerd, L. L.; Stephenson, G. R.; Kwiatkowski, J. ; Grossmann, K., and Hall, J. C. Physiological and Biochemical Characterization of Quin clorac Resistance in a False Cleaver s (Galium spurium L.) Biotype. ACC,BCM,GRO,MOR. Department of Environmental Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1 Canada////: SOIL,ENV; 2005; 53, (4): 1144-1151. Rec #: 210 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,GFSNH,QNC), OK (DMB,ETL,GYPI,TPR) Notes: EcoReference No.: 154924 Chemical of Concern: 24DNH,BT,CPR,DMB,ETL,FXP,GFSNH,GYPI,MCPAD,PCLK,QNC,THF,THFM,TPR

VanGessel, M. J.; Monks, D. W., and Johnson, Q. R. Herbicides for Potential Use in Lima Bean (Phaseolus lunatus) Production. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 2000; 14, 279-286. Rec #: 700 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,CLNS,LCF,SFZ), NO MIXTURE (FTS,MTL) Notes: EcoReference No.: 59708 Chemical of Concern: BT,CLNS,FTS,IZT,IZX,LCF,MTL,SFZ

Vasic, V.; Konstantinovic, B., and Orlovic, S. Application of Post-Emergence Herbicides in the Regeneration of Pedunculate Oak (Quercus robur L.) Forests. GRO,POPSOIL,ENV; 2014; 87, 407-415. Rec #: 1370 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO EFFECT (GYP) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167066



### Page 138 of 140Chemical of Concern: BT,GYP,IZX,NSF,TNM

Wagner, G. and Nadasy, E. Inter action Between Nutrition and Herbicide Application in Pea Culture. BCM,GROSOIL,ENV; 2009; 40, (1): 435-444. Rec #: 770 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,CM Z,FMX,LNR), NO NUTRIENT (NHN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 116497 Chemical of Concern: BT,CMZ,FMX,LNR,MBZ,NHN

Wall, D. A. and Friesen, G. H. Ef fectiveness of Selective Herbicides for the Control of Annual Weed Species in Lathyrus (Lathyrus sa tivus L.). PHY,POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1991; 10, (6): 496-500. Rec #: 220 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO MIXTURE (MCPB,SXD), OK (TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167077 Chemical of Concern: BT,CZE,IZT,MBZ ,MCPA,MCPAD,MCPAK,MCPANa,MCPB,SXD,TFN

Wehtje, G.; Wilcut, J. W., and McGuire, J. A. Influence of Bentazon on the Phytotoxicity of Paraquat to Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) and Asso ciated Weeds. ACC,GRO,POP. De p. Agron. Soils, Alabama Agric. Exp. Stn., Auburn Univ., Ala. 36849//: SO IL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1992; 40, (1): 90-95. Rec #: 1330 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (NaBT), OK (PQT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 167078 Chemical of Concern: NaBT,PQT

White, A. L. and Boutin, C. Herbicidal Effects on No ntarget Vegetation: Investigating the Limitations of Current Pesticide Registration Guidelines. GRO,MO R. National Wildlife Research Centre, Environment Canada, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada////: SOIL,ENV; 2007; 26, (12): 2634-2643. Rec #: 630 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT), NO EFFECT (Folpet), OK (GYP,GYPI) Notes: EcoReference No.: 109542 Chemical of Concern: ATZ,BT,Folpet,GYP,GYPI,IZT,MCPAD

Wiedenhoeft, M. H. and Ciha, A. J. Herbicide To lerance of White Lupin. GRO,MOR,PHYSOIL,ENV; 1987; 79, 999-1002. Rec #: 680 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT,PZM), NO EFFECT (Captan), OK (ACR,DFQ,EPTC,PDM,SXD,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 57579 Chemical of Concern: ACR,ATZ,BT,Captan,DFP,DFQ,EFL,EPTC,F ZF,MBZ,MCPANa,NPP,PD M,PZM,SXD,TFN,TRL

Wilfret, G. J. and Burgis, D. S. Weed Control in Pe tunia, Ageratum, and Gladiolu s Grown in Open Fields. GRO,POPSOIL,ENV; 1977; 30, 197-204. Rec #: 1050 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), OK (24D,24DXY,EPTC,GYP,PAQT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 25362 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,BT,EPTC,GYP,NPP,PAQT

Williams, C. N. and Woodroofe, R. B. Rice Herbicide Trials in Brunei. POPSOIL,ENV,MIXTURE; 1979; 25, (2): 168-170. Rec #: 910 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT), NO MIXTURE (24D,24DXY) Notes: EcoReference No.: 41839 Chemical of Concern: 24D,24DXY,BT,BTC,BTL

Williams, M. J. and Colvin, D. L. Herbicide Tolera nce and Efficacy During th e Establishment Phase of



### Page 139 of 140

### Page 140 of 140 Leucaena leucocephala Plantings in Florida USA. PHY,POPSOIL,ENV; 1989; 48, 7-9. Rec #: 230 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (ATZ,BT), OK (ACF,NFZ) Notes: EcoReference No.: 154049 Chemical of Concern: 24DB,ACF,ATZ,BT,CZE,FMU,IMQ,MBZ,NFZ

Wilson, C. and Whitwell, T. Tolerance of Nineteen Species of Container Gr own Landscape Plants to Postemergence Applications of Basagran. GRO,PHYSOIL,ENV; 1993; 11, (2): 86-89. Rec #: 990 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT) Notes: EcoReference No.: 72690 Chemical of Concern: BT

Wu, J. C.; Xu, J. X.; Liu, J. L.; Yuan, S. Z.; Cheng, J. A., and Heong, K. L. Effects of Herbicides on Rice Resistance and on Multiplication and Feeding of Brown Planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stal) (Homoptera: Delphacidae). MOR,PHY,POPENV; 2001; 47, (2): 153-159. Rec #: 480 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,MTL,OXF,QNC) Notes: EcoReference No.: 98462 Chemical of Concern: ACO,BSFM,BT,BTC,MTL,ODZ,OXF,QNC

Yadav, S. K.; Singh, S. P., and Bhan, V. M. Weed Control in Chickpea. POP. Dep. Agron.,Haryana Agric. Univ.,Hissar,India//: SOIL,ENV; 1983; 29, (3): 297-298. Rec #: 1260 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,OXF), OK (PDM) Notes: EcoReference No.: 159682 Chemical of Concern: BT,MBZ,OXF,PDM

Yueh, L. Y. and Hensley, D. L. Pesticide Effect on Acetylene Reduction and Nodulation by Soybean and Lima Bean. BCM,GROSOIL,ENV; 1993; 118, (1): 73-76. Rec #: 830 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,CBL,Capt an,DZ,MLN,MOM,Maneb,PMR,PNB,SXD,TFN) Notes: EcoReference No.: 70497 Chemical of Concern: BT,CBL,Captan,DZ ,MLN,MOM,Maneb,PMR,PNB,SXD,TFN,Zineb

Zheljazkov, V. D.; Patterson, K.; Parsons, K. J., an d Sampson, G. Tolerance of Bare-Root Ornamental Perennials to Selected Herbicides. PH YSOIL,ENV; 2007; 87, (2): 439-442. Rec #: 970 Call Number: LITE EVAL CODED (BT,IXB,OXF,PDM,PZM), OK (CRM,LNR,MTL) Notes: EcoReference No.: 117944 Chemical of Concern: BT,CRM,DTP,FZFP,IXB,LN R,MBZ,MTL,NPP,NSF,OXF, PDM,PZM,RIM,THF,TRB