II

106TH CONGRESS

1ST SESSION S. 583

To amend the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance

Act to authorize programs for predisaster mitigation, to streamline the

administration of disaster relief, to control the Federal costs of disaster

assistance, and for other purposes.

IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

MARCH 10, 1999

Mr. CHAFEE (by request) introduced the following bill; which was read twice

and referred to the Committee on Environment and Public Works

A BILL

To amend the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act to authorize programs for

predisaster mitigation, to streamline the administration

of disaster relief, to control the Federal costs of disaster

assistance, and for other purposes.

1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

4 (a) SHORT TITLE.—This Act may be cited as the

5 ‘‘Disaster Mitigation Act of 1999’’.

6 (b) TABLE OF CONTENTS.—The table of contents of

7 this Act is as follows:
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Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

Sec. 2. Amendments to the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency

Assistance Act.

TITLE I—PREDISASTER HAZARD MITIGATION

Sec. 101. Findings and purpose.

Sec. 102. Predisaster Hazard Mitigation.

Sec. 103. Maximum contribution for mitigation costs.

Sec. 104. Conforming amendment.

TITLE II—DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND MITIGATION

ASSISTANCE

Sec. 201. Insurance.

Sec. 202. Management costs.

Sec. 203. Assistance to repair, restore, reconstruct, or replace damaged facilities.

Sec. 204. Federal assistance to households.

Sec. 205. Repeals.

1 SEC. 2. AMENDMENTS TO THE ROBERT T. STAFFORD DIS2 ASTER RELIEF AND EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE

3 ACT.

4 Except as otherwise specifically provided, whenever in

5 this Act an amendment or repeal is expressed in terms

6 of an amendment to, or repeal of, a section or other provi7 sion of law, the reference shall be considered to be made

8 to a section or other provision of the Robert T. Stafford

9 Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C.

10 5121 et seq.).

11 TITLE I—PREDISASTER HAZARDS

12 MITIGATION

13 SEC. 101. FINDINGS AND PURPOSE.

14 (a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds that—

15 (1) natural disasters, including earthquakes,

16 tsunamis, tornadoes, hurricanes, and flooding, cause
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1 great danger to human life and to property through2 out the United States;

3 (2) greater emphasis needs to be placed on

4 identifying and assessing the risks to State and local

5 communities and on implementing adequate meas6 ures to reduce losses from such disasters, and to en7 sure that communities’ critical public infrastructure

8 and facilities will continue to function after a dis9 aster;

10 (3) expenditures for postdisaster assistance are

11 increasing without commensurate reductions in the

12 likelihood of future losses from such natural disas13 ters;

14 (4) high priority in the expenditure of Federal

15 funds under this Act should be given to mitigate

16 hazards for existing and new construction at the

17 local level;

18 (5) with a unified effort of economic incentives,

19 awareness and education, technical assistance, and

20 demonstrated Federal support, States and local com21 munities can form effective community-based part22 nerships for hazard mitigation purposes, implement

23 effective hazards mitigation measures that reduce

24 the existing disaster potential, ensure continued

25 functionality of communities’ critical public infra-
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1 structure, leverage additional non-Federal resources

2 into their disaster resistance goals, and make com3 mitments to long-term mitigation efforts in new and

4 existing construction.

5 (b) PURPOSE.—It is the purpose of this Act to estab6 lish a national disaster mitigation program that—

7 (1) reduces the loss of life and property, human

8 suffering, economic disruption, and disaster assist9 ance costs resulting from natural hazards, and

10 (2) provides a source of predisaster mitigation

11 funding that will assist States and local governments

12 in implementing effective mitigation measures that

13 are designed to ensure the continued functionality of

14 their critical facilities and public infrastructure after

15 a natural disaster.

16 SEC. 102. PREDISASTER HAZARD MITIGATION.

17 (a) Title II of the Act is amended by adding new sec18 tion 203 as follows:

19 ‘‘SEC. 203. PREDISASTER HAZARD MITIGATION.

20 ‘‘(a) GENERAL AUTHORITY.—The Director may es21 tablish a program of technical and financial assistance to

22 States and local governments that implement predisaster

23 mitigation measures in order to reduce injuries and loss

24 of life and damage and destruction of property, including

25 damage to their critical public infrastructure and facilities.
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1 ‘‘(b) APPROVAL BY DIRECTOR.—If the Director finds

2 that a State or local government has identified all natural

3 disaster hazards in its jurisdiction and has demonstrated

4 its ability to form effective public/private disaster mitiga5 tion partnerships, he may provide financial assistance to

6 the State or local government for such purposes from the

7 fund established under subsection (d) of this section.

8 ‘‘(c) PURPOSE OF GRANTS.—(1) The financial assist9 ance shall be used principally by States and local govern10 ments to implement the predisaster hazard mitigation

11 measures contained in proposals approved by the Director.

12 Funding may also be used to support effective public/pri13 vate partnerships, to ensure that new community growth

14 and construction is disaster resistant, and to improve the

15 assessment of a community’s natural hazards

16 vulnerabilities or to set a community’s mitigation prior17 ities.

18 ‘‘(2) The Director shall take into account the fol19 lowing when establishing priorities for predisaster mitiga20 tion grants:

21 ‘‘(A) The level and nature of the risks to be

22 mitigated.

23 ‘‘(B) Grantee commitment to reduce damages

24 from future disaster.
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1 ‘‘(C) Commitment by the State or local govern2 ment to support ongoing non-Federal support for

3 the mitigation measures to be undertaken.

4 ‘‘(d) NATIONAL PREDISASTER MITIGATION FUND.—

5 To carry out the predisaster mitigation program author6 ized in subsection (a), the Director may establish in the

7 United States Treasury a National Predisaster Mitigation

8 Fund (‘‘Fund’’), which shall be available without fiscal

9 year limitation for grants to States and local governments

10 under subsection (b) of this section.

11 ‘‘(e) FUNDS FOR THE ACCOUNT.—The Fund shall be

12 credited with:

13 ‘‘(1) funds appropriated by the Congress for the

14 purposes of this section, which funds shall be avail15 able until expended; and

16 ‘‘(2) sums available from bequests, gifts, or do17 nations of service, money, or property, real, per18 sonal, or mixed, tangible, or intangible, given for

19 purposes of predisaster mitigation.

20 ‘‘(f) FEDERAL SHARE.—Subject to the provisions of

21 subsections (g) and (h) of this section, grants from the

22 Fund shall be not more than 75 percent of the total costs

23 of the mitigation proposal(s) approved by the Director.

24 ‘‘(g) LIMIT ON GRANTS.—No grants shall be made

25 in excess of the money available in the Fund.
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1 ‘‘(h) RULES GOVERNING THE ACCOUNT.—The Direc2 tor shall publish rules to carry out the provisions of this

3 section.’’.

4 (b) EFFECTIVE DATE.—Subsection (a) of this section

5 shall take effect on the date of enactment of the Disaster

6 Mitigation Act of 1999.

7 SEC. 103. MAXIMUM CONTRIBUTION FOR MITIGATION

8 COSTS.

9 (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 404(a) of the Robert T.

10 Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act

11 (42 U.S.C. 5170c(a)) is amended in the last sentence by

12 striking ‘‘15 percent’’ and inserting ‘‘20 percent’’.

13 (b) APPLICABILITY.—The amendment made by sub14 section (a) shall apply to each major disaster declared

15 under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emer16 gency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.) after the

17 date of enactment of this Act.

18 SEC. 104. CONFORMING AMENDMENT.

19 Title II of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and

20 Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5131 et seq.) is

21 amended by striking the title heading and inserting the

22 following:
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1 ‘‘TITLE II—DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND

2 MITIGATION ASSISTANCE’’.

3 TITLE II—DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND

4 MITIGATION ASSISTANCE

5 SEC. 201. INSURANCE.

6 Section 311(a)(2) of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster

7 Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C.

8 5154(a)(2)) is amended—

9 (a) by inserting ‘‘(A)’’ before the sentence; and

10 (b) by adding paragraph (B) to the subsection

11 as follows:

12 ‘‘(B) The President shall publish rules to

13 require States, communities or other applicants

14 to protect property through self-insurance or

15 adequate mitigation measures if the appropriate

16 State insurance commissioner makes the certifi17 cation provided in paragraph (A) and the Presi18 dent determines that the property is not ade19 quately protected against natural or other dis20 asters.’’

21 SEC. 202. MANAGEMENT COSTS.

22 (a) IN GENERAL.—Title III of the Robert T. Stafford

23 Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C.

24 5141 et seq.) is amended by adding a new Section 322

25 as follows:
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1 ‘‘SEC. 322. MANAGEMENT COSTS.

2 ‘‘(a) DEFINITION OF MANAGEMENT COST.—The

3 term ‘management cost’, as used in this section, includes

4 any indirect cost, administrative expense, and any other

5 expense not directly chargeable to a specific project under

6 a major disaster, emergency, or emergency preparedness

7 activity or measure.

8 ‘‘(b) MANAGEMENT COST RATES.—Notwithstanding

9 any other provision of law (including any administrative

10 rule or guidance), the President shall establish manage11 ment cost rates for grantees and subgrantees that shall

12 be used to determine contributions under this Act for

13 management costs.

14 ‘‘(c) REVIEW.—The President shall review the man15 agement cost rates established under subsection (b) not

16 later than 3 years after the date of establishment of the

17 rates and periodically thereafter.

18 ‘‘(d) REGULATIONS.—The President shall promul19 gate regulations to define appropriate costs to be included

20 in management costs under this section.’’.

21 (b) APPLICABILITY.—Section 322 of the Robert T.

22 Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act

23 (as added by subsection (a)) shall apply as follows:

24 (1) IN GENERAL.—Subsections (a), (b), and (d)

25 of section 322 of that Act shall apply to each major

26 disaster declared under that Act on or after the date
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1 of enactment of this Act. Until the date on which

2 the President establishes the management cost rates

3 under that subsection, section 406(f) of the Robert

4 T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assist5 ance Act (42 U.S.C. 5172(f)) shall be used for es6 tablishing the rates.

7 (2) REVIEW; OTHER EXPENSES.—Section

8 322(c) of that Act shall apply to each major disaster

9 declared under that Act on or after the date on

10 which the President establishes the management

11 cost rates under that section.

12 SEC. 203. ASSISTANCE TO REPAIR, RESTORE, RECON13 STRUCT, OR REPLACE DAMAGED FACILITIES.

14 (a) MINIMUM FEDERAL SHARE.—Section 406(b) of

15 the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency As16 sistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5172(b)) is amended to read as

17 follows:

18 ‘‘(b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) of this

19 subsection, the Federal share of assistance under this sec20 tion shall be not less than 75 percent of the eligible cost

21 of repair, restoration, reconstruction, or replacement car22 ried out under this section.

23 ‘‘(2) The President shall publish rules to reduce the

24 Federal share of assistance under this section for the re25 pair, restoration, reconstruction, or replacement of any eli-
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1 gible public or private nonprofit facility that has previously

2 received significant disaster assistance under this Act on

3 multiple occasions.’’.

4 (b) CONTRIBUTIONS AND FEDERAL SHARE.—Section

5 406 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emer6 gency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5172) is amended by

7 striking subsection (e) and inserting new subsection (e)

8 to read as follows:

9 ‘‘(e) ELIGIBLE COST.—

10 ‘‘(1) DETERMINATION.—

11 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—For the purposes of

12 this section, the President shall estimate the eli13 gible cost of repairing, restoring, recon14 structing, or replacing a public facility or pri15 vate nonprofit facility—

16 ‘‘(i) on the basis of the design of the

17 facility as the facility existed immediately

18 before the major disaster; and

19 ‘‘(ii) in conformity with current appli20 cable codes, specifications, and standards

21 (including floodplain management and haz22 ard mitigation criteria required by the

23 President or under the Coastal Barrier Re24 sources Act (16 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.)).
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1 ‘‘(B) COST ESTIMATION PROCEDURES.—

2 Subject to paragraph (2), the President shall

3 use the cost estimation procedures developed

4 under paragraph (3) to make the estimate

5 under subparagraph (A).

6 ‘‘(2) MODIFICATION OF ELIGIBLE COST.—If the

7 actual cost of repairing, restoring, reconstructing, or

8 replacing a facility under this section is more than

9 120 percent or less than 80 percent of the cost esti10 mated under paragraph (1), the President may de11 termine that the eligible cost shall be the actual cost

12 of the repair, restoration, reconstruction, or replace13 ment.

14 ‘‘(3) EXPERT PANEL.—Not later than 18

15 months after the date of enactment of this para16 graph, the President, acting through the Director of

17 the Federal Emergency Management Agency, shall

18 establish an expert panel, which shall include rep19 resentatives from the construction industry, to de20 velop procedures for estimating the cost of repairing,

21 restoring, reconstructing, or replacing a facility con22 sistent with industry practices.

23 ‘‘(4) SPECIAL RULE.—In any case in which the

24 facility being repaired, restored, reconstructed, or re25 placed under this section was under construction on
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1 the date of the major disaster, the cost of repairing,

2 restoring, reconstructing, or replacing the facility

3 shall include, for the purposes of this section, only

4 those costs that, under the contract for the construc5 tion, are the owner’s responsibility and not the con6 tractor’s responsibility.’’.

7 (c) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendment made by

8 paragraph (1) shall take effect on the date of enactment

9 of this Act, except that paragraph (1) of section 406(e)

10 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency

11 Assistance Act (as amended by paragraph (1)) shall take

12 effect on the date on which the procedures developed

13 under paragraph (3) of that section take effect.

14 SEC. 204. FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TO HOUSEHOLDS.

15 (a) IN GENERAL.—Section 408 of the Robert T.

16 Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act

17 (42 U.S.C. 5174) is amended to read as follows:

18 ‘‘SEC. 408. FEDERAL ASSISTANCE TO HOUSEHOLDS.

19 ‘‘(a) GENERAL AUTHORITY.—In accordance with this

20 section, the President, in consultation and coordination

21 with the Governor of an affected State, may provide finan22 cial assistance, and, if necessary, direct services, to dis23 aster victims who—

24 ‘‘(1) as a direct result of a major disaster have

25 necessary expenses and serious needs; and
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1 ‘‘(2) are unable to meet the necessary expenses

2 and serious needs through other means, including

3 insurance proceeds or loan or other financial assist4 ance from the Small Business Administration or an5 other Federal agency. Inability to meet necessary ex6 penses and serious needs through loan or other fi7 nancial assistance from the Small Business Adminis8 tration or another Federal agency shall not apply to

9 temporary housing or rental assistance under sub10 section (c)(2) or to permanent housing construction

11 under subsection (c)(4) of this section.

12 ‘‘(b) HOUSING ASSISTANCE.—

13 ‘‘(1) ELIGIBILITY.—The President may provide

14 financial or other assistance under this section to

15 households to respond to the disaster-related hous16 ing needs of households that are displaced from their

17 predisaster primary residences or whose predisaster

18 primary residences are rendered uninhabitable as a

19 result of damage caused by a major disaster.

20 ‘‘(2) DETERMINATION OF APPROPRIATE TYPES

21 OF ASSISTANCE.—The President shall determine ap22 propriate types of housing assistance to be provided

23 to disaster victims under this section based on con24 siderations of cost effectiveness, convenience to dis25 aster victims, and such other factors as the Presi-
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1 dent considers to be appropriate. One or more types

2 of housing assistance may be made available, based

3 on the suitability and availability of the types of as4 sistance, to meet the needs of disaster victims in a

5 particular disaster situation.

6 ‘‘(c) TYPES OF HOUSING ASSISTANCE.—

7 ‘‘(1) Federal assistance under this subsection

8 shall continue no longer than 18 months after the

9 date of the major disaster declaration by the Presi10 dent, unless the President determines that it is in

11 the public interest to extend such 18-month period.

12 ‘‘(2) TEMPORARY HOUSING.—

13 ‘‘(A) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE.—

14 ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The President

15 may provide financial assistance under this

16 section to households to rent alternate

17 housing accommodations, existing rental

18 units, manufactured housing, recreational

19 vehicles, or other readily fabricated dwell20 ings.

21 ‘‘(ii) AMOUNT.—The amount of as22 sistance under clause (i) shall be based on

23 the sum of—

24 ‘‘(I) the fair market rent for the

25 accommodation being provided; and
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1 ‘‘(II) the cost of any transpor2 tation, utility hookups, or unit instal3 lation not being directly provided by

4 the President.

5 ‘‘(B) DIRECT ASSISTANCE.—

6 ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The President

7 may directly provide under this section

8 housing units, acquired by purchase or

9 lease, to households who, because of a lack

10 of available housing resources, would be

11 unable to make use of the assistance pro12 vided under subparagraph (A).

13 ‘‘(ii) COLLECTION OF RENTAL

14 CHARGES.—After the expiration of the 18-

15 month period referred to in paragraph

16 (c)(1), the President may charge fair mar17 ket rent for the accommodation being fur18 nished.

19 ‘‘(3) REPAIRS.—

20 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The President may

21 provide financial assistance for the repair of

22 owner-occupied primary residences, utilities,

23 and residential infrastructure (such as private

24 access routes) damaged by a major disaster to

25 a habitable or functioning condition.
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1 ‘‘(B) EMERGENCY REPAIRS.—To be eligi2 ble to receive assistance under subparagraph

3 (A), a recipient shall not be required to dem4 onstrate that the recipient is unable to meet the

5 need for the assistance through other means,

6 except insurance proceeds, if the assistance—

7 ‘‘(i) is used for emergency repairs to

8 make a private primary residence habit9 able; and

10 ‘‘(ii) does not exceed $5,000, as ad11 justed annually to reflect changes in the

12 Consumer Price Index for Urban Con13 sumers as reported by the Bureau of

14 Labor Statistics of the Department of

15 Labor.

16 ‘‘(4) PERMANENT HOUSING CONSTRUCTION.—

17 The President may provide financial assistance or

18 direct assistance under this section to households to

19 construct permanent housing in insular areas out20 side the continental United States and in other re21 mote locations in cases in which—

22 ‘‘(A) no alternative housing resources are

23 available; and
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1 ‘‘(B) the types of temporary housing as2 sistance described in paragraph (c)(1) are un3 available, infeasible, or not cost effective.

4 ‘‘(d) TERMS AND CONDITIONS RELATING TO HOUS5 ING ASSISTANCE.—

6 ‘‘(1) SITES.—

7 ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—Any readily fabricated

8 dwelling provided under this section shall,

9 whenever practicable, be located on a site

10 that—

11 ‘‘(i) is provided by the State or local

12 government; and

13 ‘‘(ii) is complete with utilities provided

14 by the State or local government, by the

15 owner of the site, or by the occupant who

16 was displaced by the major disaster.

17 ‘‘(B) SITES PROVIDED BY THE PRESI18 DENT.—Readily fabricated dwellings may be lo19 cated on sites provided by the President if the

20 President determines that the sites would be

21 more economical or accessible.

22 ‘‘(2) DISPOSAL OF UNITS.—

23 ‘‘(A) SALE TO OCCUPANTS.—

24 ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding

25 any other provision of law, a temporary
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1 housing unit purchased under this section

2 by the President for the purpose of hous3 ing disaster victims may be sold directly to

4 the household who is occupying the unit if

5 the household needs permanent housing.

6 ‘‘(ii) SALES PRICE.—Sales of tem7 porary housing units under this clause

8 shall be accomplished at prices that are

9 fair and equitable.

10 ‘‘(iii) DEPOSIT OF PROCEEDS.—Not11 withstanding any other provision of law,

12 the proceeds of a sale under clause (i) shall

13 be deposited into the appropriate Disaster

14 Relief Fund account.

15 ‘‘(iv) USE OF GENERAL SERVICES AD16 MINISTRATION SERVICES.—The President

17 may use the services of the General Serv18 ices Administration to accomplish a sale

19 under clause (i).

20 ‘‘(B) OTHER METHODS OF DISPOSAL.—

21 ‘‘(i) SALE.—If not disposed of under

22 subparagraph (A), a temporary housing

23 unit purchased by the President for the

24 purpose of housing disaster victims may be

25 resold.
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1 ‘‘(ii) DISPOSAL TO GOVERNMENTS

2 AND VOLUNTARY ORGANIZATIONS.—A tem3 porary housing unit described in clause (i)

4 may be sold, transferred, donated, or oth5 erwise made available directly to a State or

6 other government entity or to a voluntary

7 organization for the sole purpose of pro8 viding temporary housing to disaster vic9 tims in major disasters and emergencies if,

10 as a condition of the sale, transfer, dona11 tion, or other making available, the State,

12 other governmental agency, or voluntary

13 organization agrees—

14 ‘‘(I) to comply with the non15 discrimination provisions of section

16 308; and

17 ‘‘(II) to obtain and maintain haz18 ard and flood insurance on the hous19 ing unit.

20 ‘‘(e) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE TO ADDRESS OTHER

21 NEEDS.—

22 ‘‘(1) MEDICAL, DENTAL, AND FUNERAL EX23 PENSES.—The President, in consultation and coordi24 nation with the Governor of the affected State, may

25 provide financial assistance under this section to a
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1 household adversely affected by a major disaster to

2 meet disaster-related medical, dental, and funeral

3 expenses.

4 ‘‘(2) PERSONAL PROPERTY, TRANSPORTATION,

5 AND OTHER EXPENSES.—The President, in con6 sultation and coordination with the Governor of the

7 affected State, may provide financial assistance

8 under this section to a household described in para9 graph (1) to address personal property, transpor10 tation, and other necessary expenses or serious

11 needs resulting from the major disaster.

12 ‘‘(f) STATE ROLE.—The President shall provide for

13 the substantial and ongoing involvement of the affected

14 State in administering assistance under this section.

15 ‘‘(g) MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF ASSISTANCE.—The max16 imum amount of financial assistance that a household may

17 receive under this section with respect to a single major

18 disaster shall be $25,000, as adjusted annually to reflect

19 changes in the Consumer Price Index for all Urban Con20 sumers published by the Department of Labor.

21 ‘‘(h) ISSUANCE OF REGULATIONS.—The President

22 shall issue rules and regulations to carry out the program

23 established by this section, including criteria, standards,

24 and procedures for determining eligibility for assistance.’’.
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1 (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—Section 502(a)(6)

2 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency

3 Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5192(a)(6)) is amended by

4 striking ‘‘temporary housing’’.

5 (c) REPEAL OF INDIVIDUAL AND FAMILY GRANT

6 PROGRAMS.—Section 411 of the Robert T. Stafford Dis7 aster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C.

8 5178) is repealed.

9 (d) EFFECTIVE DATE.—The amendments made by

10 this section take effect 18 months after the date of enact11 ment of this Act.

12 SEC. 205. REPEALS.

13 (a) ASSOCIATED EXPENSES.—Subject to the provi14 sions of section 202(b)(2) of this Act, section 406(f) of

15 the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency As16 sistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5172(f)) is repealed.

17 (b) COMMUNITY DISASTER LOANS.—Section 417 of

18 the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency As19 sistance Act (42 U.S.C. 5184) is repealed.

20 (c) SIMPLIFIED PROCEDURE.—Section 422 of the

21 Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assist22 ance Act (42 U.S.C. 5189) is repealed.

Æ